cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Chandra COSMOS Survey: III. Optical and Infrared Identification of X-ray Point Sources
Creators: name: Civano, F.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Brusa, M.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Aldcroft, T.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Capak, P.
name: Cappelluti, N.
name: Cisternas, M.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Fruscione, A.
name: Hao, H.
name: Kartaltepe, J.
name: Koekemoer, A.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Impey, C. D.
name: Lanzuisi, G.
name: Lusso, E.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Miyaji, T.
name: Lilly, S.
name: Masters, D.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Schawinski, K.
name: Scoville, N. Z.
name: Silverman, J.
name: Trump, J.
name: Urry, M.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Wright, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandra COSMOS Survey (C-COSMOS) is a large, 1.8 Ms, Chandra program that has imaged the central 0.9 deg^2 of the COSMOS field down to limiting depths of 1.9 10^-16 erg cm^-2 s-1 in the 0.5-2 keV band, 7.3 10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1 in the 2-10 keV band, and 5.7 10^-16 erg cm^-2 s-1 in the 0.5-10 keV band. In this paper we report the i, K and 3.6micron identifications of the 1761 X-ray point sources. We use the likelihood ratio technique to derive the association of optical/infrared counterparts for 97% of the X-ray sources. For most of the remaining 3%, the presence of multiple counterparts or the faintness of the possible counterpart prevented a unique association. For only 10 X-ray sources we were not able to associate a counterpart, mostly due to the presence of a very bright field source close by. Only 2 sources are truly empty fields. Making use of the large number of X-ray sources, we update the "classic locus" of AGN and define a new locus containing 90% of the AGN in the survey with full band luminosity >10^42 erg/s. We present the linear fit between the total i band magnitude and the X-ray flux in the soft and hard band, drawn over 2 orders of magnitude in X-ray flux, obtained using the combined C-COSMOS and XMM-COSMOS samples. We focus on the X-ray to optical flux ratio (X/O) and we test its known correlation with redshift and luminosity, and a recently introduced anti-correlation with the concentration index (C). We find a strong anti-correlation (though the dispersion is of the order of 0.5 dex) between C and X/O, computed in the hard band, and that 90% of the obscured AGN in the sample with morphological information live in galaxies with regular morphology (bulgy and disky/spiral), suggesting that secular processes govern a significant fraction of the BH growth at X-ray luminosities of 10^43- 10^44.5 erg/s.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in ApJS. The catalog is available at the urls listed in the paper
The Container and Hyperrealism: Staging the Refugee Experience
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad Azri
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: Theater

description: The Container by Clare Bayley was produced by the Division of Drama, School of Creative and Performing Arts, at the University of Calgary in the University Theatre from October 20 to 31, 2015. This Artist’s Statement details the research and creative process involved in the production. The document begins with an introduction to the refugees’ situation around the globe that sparks an interest in The Container. The next three chapters are dedicated to essential elements of research: hyperrealism as theatrical style, theme and the relationship between characters in The Container and the real-life refugee world; details on the design process and rehearsal leading to production; a reflection of the production and lessons acquired by the director.
John Carpenter: The Occult Auteur
Creators: name: MATOVINOVIC, NIKOLAS
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Popular and genre literature
Cinema studies
Screen media
Critical theory
Literary theory

description: This thesis examines the films of John Carpenter and asks why they have remained popular despite many of them receiving mixed financial and critical success upon their initial release. The conclusion drawn from this study is that Carpenter’s films benefit from contemporary viewing practices where audiences notice intertextual elements within a given work while not requiring this of their viewers like many modern fantastical franchises do. This is primarily due to Carpenter’s portrayal of the fantastic as something that leaves his films open to complex interpretation while still remaining approachable and enjoyable for his audience.
Non-tensorial Gravitational Wave Background in NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set
Creators: name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Yuan, Chen
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first search for an isotropic non-tensorial gravitational-wave background (GWB) allowed in general metric theories of gravity in the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 12.5-year data set. By modeling the GWB as a power-law spectrum, we find strong Bayesian indication for a spatially correlated process with scalar transverse (ST) correlations whose Bayes factor versus the spatially uncorrelated common-spectrum process is $107\pm 7$, but no statistically significant evidence for the tensor transverse, vector longitudinal and scalar longitudinal polarization modes. The median and the $90\%$ equal-tail amplitudes of ST mode are $\mathcal{A}_{\mathrm{ST}}= 1.06^{+0.35}_{-0.28} \times 10^{-15}$, or equivalently the energy density parameter per logarithm frequency is $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{ST}} = 1.54^{+1.21}_{-0.71} \times 10^{-9}$, at frequency of 1/year.
description: 6 pages, 2 tables and 2 figures; version under review which was revised before arXiv:2109.14706
L^{\infty} a priori bounds for gradients of solutions to quasilinear inhomogenous fast-growing parabolic systems
Creators: name: Burczak, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35K59, Secondary 35B45, 35B65, 35K92

description: We prove boundedness of gradients of solutions to quasilinear parabolic system, the main part of which is a generalization to p-Laplacian and its right hand side's growth depending on gradient is not slower (and generally strictly faster) than p - 1. This result may be seen as a generalization to the classical notion of a controllable growth of right hand side, introduced by Campanato, over gradients of p-Laplacian-like systems. Energy estimates and nonlinear iteration procedure of a Moser type are cornerstones of the used method.
description: 11 pages
New polarimetric constraints on axion-like particles
Creators: name: Payez, A.
name: Cudell, J. R.
name: Hutsemékers, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the parameter space of axion-like particles can be severly constrained using high-precision measurements of quasar polarisations. Robust limits are derived from the measured bounds on optical circular polarisation and from the distribution of linear polarisations of quasars. As an outlook, this technique can be improved by the observation of objects located behind clusters of galaxies, using upcoming space-borne X-ray polarimeters.
description: Submitted to JCAP
Of saline and sea lice : hydromineral challenges and osmoregulatory strategies associated with early ocean entry of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)
Creators: name: Sackville, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Pink salmon (Oncorynchus gorbuscha) enter seawater (SW) following gravel emergence at a body mass of 0.2 g. Two hydromineral challenges associated with this remarkable early ocean entry were investigated: (1) initial exposure to a hyper-osmotic environment and (2) sea louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) parasitism. To survive SW, pink salmon were hypothesized to develop hypo-osmoregulatory abilities as larval alevins prior to natural SW entry as post-larval fry. To test this, alevins and fry were transferred from freshwater (FW) in darkness to SW under a simulated natural photoperiod (SNP). Ionoregulatory status was assessed at 0, 1 and 5 days post-transfer. Alevins showed no evidence of hypo-osmoregulation, marked by a loss of water balance, a 35% increase in body [Cl-], and no change in gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (NKA) activity. Conversely, fry maintained water balance and increased gill NKA activity by 50%. Fry gill NKA activity also increased by 50% following exposure to SNP in FW, providing the first evidence of photoperiod-triggered smoltification for pink salmon. A 15% increase in fry body [Na⁺] was observed as well, perhaps representing a novel mechanism for maintaining water balance during ocean entry. Physical damage to the host epidermis is a primary proximal effect of louse infection. Such damage may exacerbate existing hydromineral flux in SW. To test this, ionoregulatory status was measured in pink salmon of varying size with and without attached-stage lice. In laboratory-infected fish (~1 wk SW; 0.2-0.4 g), body [Na⁺] increased by 12% when infected with 1 chalimus IV louse, and by 23% with 2-3 chalimus III lice. Mortality was 6%. In wild-infected fish (~4-12 wks SW; 0.5-1.5 g), body [Na⁺] did not differ from controls. Combining data sets revealed a “no effect” fish size threshold of 0.5 g for 1 chalimus IV louse. This threshold is partly due to increasing hypo-osmoregulatory ability. Pink salmon thus appear to possess a novel hypo-osmoregulatory strategy where ion balance is sacrificed to maintain water balance prior to maximum ion excretion capacity. Out-migrating fish are particularly vulnerable to sea louse parasitism at this time, and as such, BC fish farms have relocated to minimize interactions during this critical period.
Integrated Planning of Natural Gas Transportation System and Natural Gas-Fired Electric Power Generators
Creators: name: Odetayo, Babatunde
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Distributed generation
subject: Natural gas distribution network
subject: Long-term energy system planning
subject: Real option analysis
subject: Integrated planning of energy systems
subject: Natural gas fired distributed generators
subject: Reliability programming
subject: Chance constrained programming
subject: Natural gas-fired generators
subject: Natural gas transmission network

description: This thesis focuses on the long-term integrated planning of electric power and natural gas transportation systems in the presence of uncertain electricity and natural gas demand. The first part of this thesis proposes a sequential approach to planning the natural gas and electricity distribution system in the presence of uncertain electricity demand. This planning approach is effective in regions where there are minimum and predictable non-electricity demand for natural gas. The second part of this thesis accommodates the uncertainties of the electricity and natural gas demand by proposing an integrated approach towards solving the long-term natural gas and electricity distribution systems. In the third part of this thesis, a real option assessment of the managerial investment flexibilities presented by future uncertain electricity demand at the distribution level was presented. The fourth part of this thesis concentrate on the integrated planning of the electricity and natural gas system at the transmission level. The fourth part proposes a model for planning the location and sizing of the natural gas-fired generators, natural gas pipeline, and the natural gas compressor. This model exploits a combination of investments and natural gas supply contract reviews for meeting future electricity and natural gas demand.
Towards the field theory of the Standard Model on fractional D6-branes on T6/Z6': Yukawa couplings and masses
Creators: name: Honecker, Gabriele
name: Vanhoof, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the perturbative Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model on fractional intersecting D6-branes on T6/Z6' and discuss two mechanisms of creating mass terms for the vector-like particles in the matter spectrum, through perturbative three-point couplings and through continuous D6-brane displacements.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables; proceedings of the "XVII European Workshop on String Theory 2011", Padova, Italy, 5-9 September 2011
Entwicklung miniaturisierter Aktorsysteme basierend auf magnetischen Formgedächtnislegierungen
Creators: name: Pinneker, Viktor
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ni-Mn-Ga
Magnetische Formgedächtnislegierung
Thermo-Magnetische Aktuierung
Magnetic shape memory alloys
Magneto-thermal actuation

description: In dieser Arbeit werden drei verschiedene Aktuierungsarten von einkristallinen Ni-Mn-Ga Legierungen vorgestellt. Sie werden im folgenden als magneto-mechanische, magneto- thermische und thermo-mechanische Aktuierung bezeichnet. Diese Aktuierungsprinziepien basieren auf dem magnetischen Formgedächtniseffekt (MSM-Effekt) und der Kopplung zwischen den magnetischen, mechanischen und thermischen Eigenschaften von Ni-Mn-Ga Legierungen. Die magnetische Dehnung von 10 % kann dabei erreicht werden.
Controlled excitation and resonant acceleration of ultracold few-boson systems by driven interactions in a harmonic trap
Creators: name: Brouzos, Ioannis
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the excitation properties of finite utracold bosonic systems in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with a time-dependent interaction strength. The driving of the interatomic coupling induces excitations of the relative motion exclusively with specific and controllable contributions of momentarily excited many-body states. Mechanisms for selective excitation to few-body analogues of collective modes and acceleration occur in the vicinity of resonances. We study via the few-body spectrum and a Floquet analysis the excitation mechanisms, and the corresponding impact of the driving frequency and strength as well as the initial correlation of the bosonic state. The fundamental case of two atoms is analyzed in detail and forms a key ingredient for the bottom-up understanding of cases with higher atom numbers, thereby examining finite-size corrections to macroscopic collective modes of oscillation.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Creating Belonging for Aboriginal Learners in Elementary Schools
Creators: name: Edwards, Karen
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Elementary
subject: Belonging

description: The purpose of this study was to uncover and to understand perceptions related to belonging and how a sense of belonging is fostered for Aboriginal learners at the elementary school level. It explored the phenomenon of Aboriginal learners’ sense of belonging in elementary schools, how it is created, and how leaders can facilitate it. The goal was to garner specific suggestions or ideas for what leaders and educators can do to facilitate spaces of belonging for Aboriginal learners via qualitative instrumental case study (Stake, 2008) which included interviews with those working within a school district and Aboriginal learner family members. The findings of this study found that: Belonging is a holistic term involving the entire school community with particular attention being paid to the child and their world, parents are a part of the school’s community and fundamental to the child’s success, and that leaders are key in the inclusion of children and families. Flowing from this was, and is, the hope that this information will be used in elementary schools to foster spaces of belonging, specifically in regard to elementary Aboriginal learners, that will translate into greater engagement in and with school and, as such, increase the likelihood of leading a life of their choosing in the future.
On the Integrand-Reduction Method for Two-Loop Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Mastrolia, Pierpaolo
name: Ossola, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a first implementation of the integrand-reduction method for two-loop scattering amplitudes. We show that the residues of the amplitudes on multi-particle cuts are polynomials in the irreducible scalar products involving the loop momenta, and that the reduction of the amplitudes in terms of master integrals can be realized through polynomial fitting of the integrand, without any apriori knowledge of the integral basis. We discuss how the polynomial shapes of the residues determine the basis of master integrals appearing in the final result. We present a four-dimensional constructive algorithm that we apply to planar and non-planar contributions to the 4- and 5-point MHV amplitudes in N=4 SYM. The technique hereby discussed extends the well-established analogous method holding for one-loop amplitudes, and can be considered a preliminary study towards the systematic reduction at the integrand-level of two-loop amplitudes in any gauge theory, suitable for their automated semianalytic evaluation.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Theory of the ground state spin of the NV- center in diamond: II. Spin solutions, time-evolution, relaxation and inhomogeneous dephasing
Creators: name: Doherty, M. W.
name: Dolde, F.
name: Fedder, H.
name: Jelezko, F.
name: Wrachtrup, J.
name: Manson, N. B.
name: Hollenberg, L. C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state spin of the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond has many exciting applications in quantum metrology and solid state quantum information processing, including magnetometry, electrometry, quantum memory and quantum optical networks. Each of these applications involve the interaction of the spin with some configuration of electric, magnetic and strain fields, however, to date there does not exist a detailed model of the spin's interactions with such fields, nor an understanding of how the fields influence the time-evolution of the spin and its relaxation and inhomogeneous dephasing. In this work, a general solution is obtained for the spin in any given electric-magnetic-strain field configuration for the first time, and the influence of the fields on the evolution of the spin is examined. Thus, this work provides the essential theoretical tools for the precise control and modeling of this remarkable spin in its current and future applications.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Measurements of the Production, Decay and Properties of the Top Quark: A Review
Creators: name: Lannon, Kevin
name: Margaroli, Fabrizio
name: Neu, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the full Tevatron Run II and early LHC data samples, the opportunity for furthering our understanding of the properties of the top quark has never been more promising. Although the current knowledge of the top quark comes largely from Tevatron measurements, the experiments at the LHC are poised to probe top-quark production and decay in unprecedented regimes. Although no current top quark measurements conclusively contradict predictions from the standard model, the precision of most measurements remains statistically limited. Additionally, some measurements, most notably the forward-backward asymmetry in top quark pair production, show tantalizing hints of beyond-the-Standard-Model dynamics. The top quark sample is growing rapidly at the LHC, with initial results now public. This review examines the current status of top quark measurements in the particular light of searching for evidence of new physics, either through direct searches for beyond the standard model phenomena or indirectly via precise measurements of standard model top quark properties.
Riemann compatible tensors
Creators: name: Mantica, C. A.
name: Molinari, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53B20, 53B21

description: Derdzinski and Shen's theorem on the restrictions posed by a Codazzi tensor on the Riemann tensor holds more generally when a Riemann-compatible tensor exists. Several properties are shown to remain valid in this broader setting. Riemann compatibility is equivalent to the Bianchi identity of the new "Codazzi deviation tensor" with a geometric significance. Examples are given of manifolds with Riemann-compatible tensors, in particular those generated by geodesic mapping. Compatibility is extended to generalized curvature tensors with an application to Weyl's tensor and general relativity.
description: 12 pages
Mid and Far Infrared Properties of a Complete Sample of Local AGNs
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Oyabu, Shinki
name: Gandhi, Poshak
name: Matsuta, Keiko
name: Nakagawa, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mid- (MIR) to far-infrared (FIR) properties of a nearly complete sample of local Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) detected in the Swift/BAT all sky hard X-ray (14-195 keV) survey, based on the cross correlation with the AKARI infrared survey catalogs complemented by those with IRAS and WISE. Out of 135 non-blazer AGNs in the Swift/BAT 9 month catalog, we obtain the MIR photometric data for 128 sources either in the 9, 12, 18, 22, and/or 25 um band. We find good correlation between their hard X-ray and MIR luminosities over 3 orders of magnitude (42< log lambda L_{lambda}(9, 18 um)< 45), which is tighter than that with the FIR luminosities at 90 um. This suggests that thermal emission from hot dusts irradiated by the AGN emission dominate the MIR fluxes. Both X-ray unabsorbed and absorbed AGNs follow the same correlation, implying isotropic infrared emission, as expected in clumpy dust tori rather than homogeneous ones. We find excess signals around 9 um in the averaged infrared spectral energy distribution from heavy obscured "new type" AGNs with small scattering fractions in the X-ray spectra. This could be attributed to the PAH emission feature, suggesting that their host galaxies have strong starburst activities.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Numerical techniques in the simulation of microwave and laser structures including PML
Creators: name: Hebermehl, Georg
name: Hübner, Friedrich-Karl
name: Schlundt, Rainer
name: Tischler, Thorsten
name: Zscheile, Horst
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Microwave device
subject: Optoelectronic device
subject: Maxwell's equations
subject: PML boundary condition
subject: Eigenvalue problem
subject: Systems of linear algebraic equations
subject: 35Q60
subject: 65F10
subject: 65F15
subject: 65N22

description: The properties of circuit structures can be described in terms of their scattering matrix. For the simulation of these structures, we use a Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) method in order to solve the three dimensional boundary value problem, governed by Maxwells equations. For the computation of the discrete grid equations, advanced preconditioning techniques are applied to reduce the dimension and the number of iterations solving the large-scale systems of linear algebraic equations by means of a block Krylov subspace method. The computational domain is truncated by electric or magnetic walls, open structures are treated using the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition. Calculating the excitation at the structures ports, one obtains an eigenvalue problem and thus large-scale systems of linear algebraic equations. The interesting modes of smallest attenuation are found solving a sequence of eigenvalue problems of modified matrices. Non-physical PML modes are detected by checking the eigenfunctions. Due to the high wavenumbers that have to be treated in optoelectronic device simulations, the number of modified eigenvalue problems as well as the dimension of the problem grows substantially in comparison to microwave structures. To reduce the execution times a coarse and a fine grid and parallelization techniques are used.
Laser-polarization-dependent photoelectron angular distributions from polar molecules
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaosong
name: Zhang, Qingbin
name: Hong, Weiyi
name: Lu, Peixiang
name: Xu, Zhizhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) of oriented polar molecules in response to different polarized lasers are systematically investigated. It is found that the PADs of polar CO molecules show three distinct styles excited by linearly, elliptically and circularly polarized lasers respectively. In the case of elliptical polarization, a deep suppression is observed along the major axis and the distribution concentrates approximately along the minor axis. Additionally, it is also found that the concentrated distributions rotate clockwise as the ellipticity increases. Our investigation presents a method to manipulate the motion and angular distribution of photoelectrons by varying the polarization of the exciting pulses, and also implies the possibility to control the processes in laser-molecule interactions in future work.
description: 12 pages and 7 figures
Perfectly conducting channel and its robustness in disordered carbon nanostructures
Creators: name: Ashitani, Yuki
name: Imura, Ken-Ichiro
name: Takane, Yositake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our recent numerical study on the effects of dephasing on a perfectly conducting channel (PCC), its presence believed to be dominant in the transport characteristics of a zigzag graphene nanoribbons (GNR) and of a metallic carbon nanotubes (CNT). Our data confirms an earlier prediction that a PCC in GNR exhibits a peculiar robustness against dephasing, in contrast to that of the CNT. By studying the behavior of the conductance as a function of the system's length we show that dephasing destroys the PCC in CNT, whereas it stabilizes the PCC in GNR. Such opposing responses of the PCC against dephasing stem from a different nature of the PCC in these systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, manuscript for the proceedings of Localisation 2011
An Automatic Method for Extreme-Ultraviolet Dimmings Associated with Small-Scale Eruption
Creators: name: Alipour, N.
name: Safari, H.
name: Innes, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small-scale extreme ultraviolet (EUV) dimming often surrounds sites of energy release in the quiet Sun. This paper describes a method for the automatic detection of these small-scale EUV dimmings using a feature based classifier. The method is demonstrated using sequences of 171 A images taken by STEREO/EUVI on 13 June 2007 and by SDO/AIA on 27 August 2010. The feature identification relies on recognizing structure in sequences of space-time 171Å images using the Zernike moments of the images. The Zernike moments space-time slices with events and non-events are distinctive enough to be separated using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The SVM is trained using 150 event and 700 non-event space-time slices. We find a total of 1217 events in the EUVI images and 2064 events in the AIA images on the days studied. Most of the events are found between latitudes -35 degree and +35 degree. The sizes and expansion speeds of central dimming regions are extracted using a region grow algorithm. The histograms of the sizes in both EUVI and AIA follow a steep power law with slope about -5. The AIA slope extends to smaller sizes before turning over. The mean velocity of 1325 dimming regions seen by AIA is found to be about 14 km/s.
description: 6 pages, 11 figures Accepted for ApJ
Exponentially and non-exponentially small splitting of separatrices for the pendulum with a fast meromorphic perturbation
Creators: name: Guardia, Marcel
name: Seara, Tere M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C29, 34C37, 37C29, 34E10

description: In this paper we study the splitting of separatrices phenomenon which arises when one considers a Hamiltonian System of one degree of freedom with a fast periodic or quasiperiodic and meromorphic in the state variables perturbation. The obtained results are different from the previous ones in the literature, which mainly assume algebraic or trigonometric polynomial dependence on the state variables. As a model, we consider the pendulum equation with several meromorphic perturbations and we show the sensitivity of the size of the splitting on the width of the analyticity strip of the perturbation with respect to the state variables. We show that the size of the splitting is exponentially small if the strip of analyticity is wide enough. Furthermore, we see that the splitting grows as the width of the analyticity strip shrinks, even becoming non-exponentially small for very narrow strips. Our results prevent from using polynomial truncations of the meromorphic perturbation to compute the size of the splitting of separatrices.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДИКИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ КАДАСТРОВОЙ ОЦЕНКИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ УГОДИЙ С УЧЕТОМ НЕГАТИВНОГО ТЕХНОГЕННОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ
Creators: name: Емельянова Тамара Алексеевна
name: Рассказова Анна Александровна
name: Жданова Руслана Владимировна
name: Гальченко Светлана Альбертовна
name: Варламов Анатолий Александрович
Publisher: name: Международный сельскохозяйственный журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: сельскохозяйственные угодья
кадастровая стоимость
государственная кадастровая оценка
экологические факторы
управление земельными ресурсами
техногенная нагрузка
экологический мониторинг
негативное техногенное воздействие
нарушенные земли.

description: В статье рассмотрены проблемы влияния экологических факторов на земли сельскохозяйственного назначения. Выявлены факторы формирования экологически устойчивого сельскохозяйственного землепользования и оказывающие негативное техногенное воздействие. Проведен расчет затрат на восстановление плодородия почв на примере земельного участка, расположенного в Стерлитамакском районе Республики Башкортостан. Даны предложения по совершенствованию методики расчета кадастровой стоимости земель сельскохозяйственного назначения в части сельскохозяйственных угодий с учетом экологической составляющей.
Copula-based Sensitivity Analysis for Multi-Treatment Causal Inference with Unobserved Confounding
Creators: name: Zheng, Jiajing
name: D'Amour, Alexander
name: Franks, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work has focused on the potential and pitfalls of causal identification in observational studies with multiple simultaneous treatments. Building on previous work, we show that even if the conditional distribution of unmeasured confounders given treatments were known exactly, the causal effects would not in general be identifiable, although they may be partially identified. Given these results, we propose a sensitivity analysis method for characterizing the effects of potential unmeasured confounding, tailored to the multiple treatment setting, that can be used to characterize a range of causal effects that are compatible with the observed data. Our method is based on a copula factorization of the joint distribution of outcomes, treatments, and confounders, and can be layered on top of arbitrary observed data models. We propose a practical implementation of this approach making use of the Gaussian copula, and establish conditions under which causal effects can be bounded. We also describe approaches for reasoning about effects, including calibrating sensitivity parameters, quantifying robustness of effect estimates, and selecting models that are most consistent with prior hypotheses.
Exploring the Universe with Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Frebel, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The early chemical evolution of the Galaxy and the Universe is vital to our understanding of a host of astrophysical phenomena. Since the most metal-poor Galactic stars (with metallicities down to [Fe/H]\sim-5.5) are relics from the high-redshift Universe, they probe the chemical and dynamical conditions of the Milky Way and the origin and evolution of the elements through nucleosynthesis. They also provide constraints on the nature of the first stars, their associated supernovae and initial mass function, and early star and galaxy formation. The Milky Way's dwarf satellites contain a large fraction (~30%) of the known most metal-poor stars that have chemical abundances that closely resemble those of equivalent halo stars. This suggests that chemical evolution may be universal, at least at early times, and that it is driven by massive, energetic SNe. Some of these surviving, ultra-faint systems may show the signature of just one such PopIII star; they may even be surviving first galaxies. Early analogs of the surviving dwarfs may thus have played an important role in the assembly of the old Galactic halo whose formation can now be studied with stellar chemistry. Following the cosmic evolution of small halos in simulations of structure formation enables tracing the cosmological origin of the most metal-poor stars in the halo and dwarf galaxies. Together with future observations and additional modeling, many of these issues, including the reionization history of the Milky Way, may be constrained this way. The chapter concludes with an outlook about upcoming observational challenges and ways forward is to use metal-poor stars to constrain theoretical studies.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures. Book chapter to appear in "The First Galaxies - Theoretical Predictions and Observational Clues", 2012 by Springer, eds. V. Bromm, B. Mobasher, T. Wiklind
Limited somatosensory functional connectivity differences in youth with ASD, at rest
Creators: name: Cechmanek, Brian
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human Development
subject: Radiology
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: ASD
subject: fMRI
subject: Development
subject: Somatosensory
subject: Sensory

description: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder typically experience sensory sensitivities, involving over- and/or under-reactions to sensory stimuli. Tactile hyper-reactivity, in particular, is implicated in negative outcomes such as aversion to oral hygiene, dietary issues, and self-harm. Presently, there is no established overarching neurological basis for these sensitivities in autism. Understanding the underlying causes of these sensitivities may help guide pharmacological and behavioural interventions. Motivated by suggested linkages between over-connectivity measures and negative outcomes in ASD, this thesis used resting-state functional-MRI to examine somatosensory functional connectivity differences in youth with autism. Connectivity differences, arising in the somatosensory region, may represent a good marker of sensory sensitivities in ASD. Our findings show limited functional connectivity differences in ASD, and scarce changes in age by diagnosis interaction or autism symptom severity. This suggests that functional connectivity of the somatosensory network in youth with autism is not disrupted, at rest, compared to neurotypical controls.
Road Safety Issues on Two Major Intercity Highways in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Senasinghe, Rukunayakage
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sociology--Transportation

description: According to the World Health Organization’s 2015 global status report on road safety, nearly 1.25 million people are killed in road accidents each year, and millions more suffer serious injuries with long-term adverse health consequences. In Sri Lanka, road traffic fatalities have increased alarmingly from 3.0 to 10.8 deaths per million population per year, from 1938 to 2013.In this study, we carried out a micro-level analysis of accidents occurred on two major intercity highways (A001 and A004) in Sri Lanka. This study was mainly focused on analyzing crash-frequency and crash-injury severities on both highways A001 and A004. The traditional negative binomial (NB) regression model was used to predict the frequency of crashes of a specific severity level, as a function of explanatory variables and, multinomial logistic regression (MLR) was used to analyze the factors that prevailed in a specific crash leading to a certain crash severity, including site-specific factors on sections of both highways A001 and A004. Average daily traffic (ADT) and number of lanes were found as significant contributing factors in increasing the crash frequencies on both A001 and A004 highways. Urbanicity, weather and light condition, traffic control, casualty gender and age, protection, element type and collision type were the most vital ten crash injury severity contributors found on both A001 and A004 highways.
Double strand breaks in DNA resulting from double-electron-emission events
Creators: name: Surdutovich, Eugene
name: Solov'yov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A mechanism of double strand breaking (DSB) in DNA due to the action of two electrons is considered. These are the electrons produced in the vicinity of DNA molecules due to ionization of water molecules with a consecutive emission of two electrons, making such a mechanism possible. This effect qualitatively solves a puzzle of large yields of DSBs following irradiation of DNA molecules. The transport of secondary electrons, including the additional electrons, is studied in relation to the assessment of radiation damage due to incident ions. This work is a stage in the inclusion of Auger mechanism and like effects into the multiscale approach to ion-beam cancer therapy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
РОЛЬ ПРОДУКЦИИ САДОВОДСТВА В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Ищенко Никита Валерьевич
name: Михайлушкин Павел Валерьевич
name: Мельников Александр Борисович
Publisher: name: Международный сельскохозяйственный журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: продовольственная безопасность
плоды и ягоды
садоводство
самообеспеченность
плодово-ягодные насаждения
импортозависимость

description: Статья посвящена оценке уровня развития отрасли садоводства в России и ее роли в обеспечении продовольственной безопасности страны. Показано, что существующее производство плодов и ягод не обеспечивает и половины потребности населения в данной продукции. И это при том, что уровень потребления плодов и ягод в России также находится на низком уровне и не соответствует рациональным нормам потребления. Самообеспеченность плодами и ягодами в России находится на уровне 38% (в Доктрине продовольственной безопасности заложен целевой показатель в 60%). Таким образом, неудовлетворенный спрос на фрукты и ягоды является основным фактором роста российского садоводческого производства. Основным барьером при этом остается высокий уровень импортозависимости в конечной продукции, оборудовании и семенах фруктов и ягод. Импортная продукция составляет около 60% всего рынка фруктов и ягод. В России же большая часть продукции производится хозяйствами населения — 64%, которые не способны посредством внедрения инновационных технологий увеличивать урожайность. В связи с этим требуется развитие садоводства в сельскохозяйственных организациях, и преимущественно на инновационной основе — то есть создание садов интенсивного и суперинтенсивного типа. Это позволит нарастить объемы отечественного производства и существенно снизить уровень импортозависимости в отрасли. Помимо этого, необходимо развитие отечественной селекционно-семеноводческой системы в садоводстве, что даст возможность выращивать собственные, обогащенные витаминами и минералами, фрукты и ягоды.
The Integration and Disintegration of Ancient Maya Urban Centres: Charting Households and Community at Buenavista del Cayo, Belize
Creators: name: Peuramaki-Brown, Meaghan Marissa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Archaeology
subject: Mesoamerica
subject: Maya
subject: urbanism
subject: Community
subject: household

description: This study examines processes of urbanization, including elements of integration and disintegration, at the low-density/dispersed Classic Period (ca. 300-900 C.E.) Maya centre of Buenavista del Cayo in the Lower Mopan River Valley of west-central Belize. Through an examination of the “biographies” of specific non-elite group constituencies (households and communities -people), represented by their material remains (places and things), I examine their impact on the visibility and characterization of urbanization processes at Buenavista through a multi-temporal, materialistic, and nuanced lens known as “life history”. Survey, testing, excavation, and analysis methods promoted by a life-history approach include those research designs that consider settlement sites from a diachronic perspective. This involves an investigation of settlement from a point of initial occupation, built environment construction, activity/use characterization, and abandonment, incorporated within a multi-temporal perspective. In the application of criteria developed in New Urban Theory that serve to emphasize the role of “places” in community assemblages, and from High Modernist State Schemes and associated theories surrounding knowledge bases that highlight the “people and things” of community assemblages, I chart and evaluate the integrative potential of the Buenavista del Cayo civic centre as it developed over time and eventually disintegrated. The insights into Maya civic and community organization that are generated by this research not only allow us to reach a better understanding of Classic Maya civilization and its rich diversity, but also contribute to the larger dialogue in anthropological archaeology concerning households and communities and their diachronic relationships to political authority and the institutions of archaic urban centres and states.
Constraining the Polarization of Gravitational Waves with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Second Data Release
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Mei
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for the isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background, including the nontensorial polarizations that are allowed in general metric theories of gravity, in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) second data release (DR2). We find no statistically significant evidence that the common-spectrum process reported by the PPTA collaboration has the tensor transverse, scalar transverse, vector longitudinal, or scalar longitudinal correlations in PPTA DR2. Therefore, we place a $95\%$ upper limit on the amplitude of each polarization mode, as $\mathcal{A}_{\mathrm{TT}} \lesssim 3.2\times 10^{-15}$, $\mathcal{A}_{\mathrm{ST}} \lesssim 1.8\times 10^{-15}$, $\mathcal{A}_{\mathrm{VL}}\lesssim 3.5\times 10^{-16}$ and $\mathcal{A}_{\mathrm{SL}}\lesssim 4.2\times 10^{-17}$; or, equivalently, a $95\%$ upper limit on the energy density parameter per logarithm frequency, as $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{TT}} \lesssim 1.4\times 10^{-8}$, $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{ST}} \lesssim 4.5\times 10^{-9}$, $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{VL}} \lesssim 1.7\times 10^{-10}$ and $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{SL}} \lesssim 2.4\times 10^{-12}$, at a frequency of 1/yr.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, and 4 tables; ApJ in press
Optimizing Creatively in Multi-Objective Optimization
Creators: name: Ashour, Yassin
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Multi-Objective Optimization
subject: Octopus
subject: Generative Design
subject: MOO
subject: Grasshopper

description: Designers will always face the challenge of designing well-performing buildings using what are often conflicting and competing performance objectives. This thesis presents a workflow called the ‘creative optimization workflow’ using a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) engine called Octopus that runs within Grasshopper3D, a parametric modeling tool, and multiple simulation software. Developed as part of the workflow, the ‘creative optimization tools’ make MOO based solutions more accessible to the designer and enables the exploration and analysis of the solutions from a visual and analytical point of view. Through the juxtaposition of extreme performing solutions, serendipity is created and the potential for better multiple performing solutions is increased. The application of the workflow on the retrospective design of two buildings, De Rotterdam and the Bow Tower, is presented. The developed workflow and tools help to reduce design latency through automated generation of design solutions, incorporate disparate performance domains including formal aesthetics and explore trade-offs of multiple solutions all within one platform.