cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical stability and limit laws for Rovella maps
Creators: name: Alves, Jose F.
name: Soufi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A35, 37C40, 37C75, 37D25, 37E05

description: We consider the family of one-dimensional maps arising from the contracting Lorenz attractors studied by Rovella. Benedicks-Carleson techniques were used by Rovella to prove that there is a one-parameter family of maps whose derivatives along their critical orbits increase exponentially fast and the critical orbits have slow recurrent to the critical point. Metzger proved that these maps have a unique absolutely continuous ergodic invariant probability measure (SRB measure). Here we use the technique developed by Freitas and show that the tail set (the set of points which at a given time have not achieved either the exponential growth of derivative or the slow recurrence) decays exponentially fast as time passes. As a consequence, we obtain the continuous variation of the densities of the SRB measures and associated metric entropies with the parameter. Our main result also implies some statistical properties for these maps.
description: 1 figure
Systematically Covering Input Structure
Creators: name: Havrikov, Nikolas
name: Zeller, Andreas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Grammar-based testing uses a given grammar to produce syntactically valid inputs. To cover program features, it is necessary to also cover input features - say, all URL variants for a URL parser. Our k-path algorithm for grammar production systematically covers syntactic elements as well as their combinations. In our evaluation, we show that this results in a significantly higher code coverage than state of the art.
Values of certain L-series in positive characteristic
Creators: name: Pellarin, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a family of L-series specialising to both L-series associated to certain Dirichlet characters over F_q[T] and to integral values of Carlitz-Goss zeta function associated to F_q[T]. We prove, with the use of the theory of deformations of vectorial modular forms, a formula for their value at 1, as well as some arithmetic properties of other values at positive integers
Limits on the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Demorest, P. B.
name: Ferdman, R. D.
name: Gonzalez, M. E.
name: Nice, D.
name: Ransom, S.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Arzoumanian, Z.
name: Brazier, A.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: Chamberlin, S. J.
name: Cordes, J. M.
name: Ellis, J.
name: Finn, L. S.
name: Freire, P.
name: Giampanis, S.
name: Jenet, F.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: Lazio, J.
name: Lommen, A. N.
name: McLaughlin, M.
name: Palliyaguru, N.
name: Perrodin, D.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Siemens, X.
name: Stinebring, D.
name: Swiggum, J.
name: Zhu, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of high-precision pulsar timing data taken as part of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational waves (NANOGrav) project. We have observed 17 pulsars for a span of roughly five years using the Green Bank and Arecibo radio telescopes. We analyze these data using standard pulsar timing models, with the addition of time-variable dispersion measure and frequency-variable pulse shape terms. Sub-microsecond timing residuals are obtained in nearly all cases, and the best root-mean-square timing residuals in this set are ~30-50 ns. We present methods for analyzing post-fit timing residuals for the presence of a gravitational wave signal with a specified spectral shape. These optimally take into account the timing fluctuation power removed by the model fit, and can be applied to either data from a single pulsar, or to a set of pulsars to detect a correlated signal. We apply these methods to our dataset to set an upper limit on the strength of the nHz-frequency stochastic supermassive black hole gravitational wave background of h_c (1 yr^-1) < 7x10^-15 (95%). This result is dominated by the timing of the two best pulsars in the set, PSRs J1713+0747 and J1909-3744.
description: To be submitted to ApJ
AdVersarial: Perceptual Ad Blocking meets Adversarial Machine Learning
Creators: name: Tramèr, Florian
name: Dupré, Pascal
name: Gili, Rusak
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
name: Boneh, Dan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Perceptual ad-blocking is a novel approach that detects online advertisements based on their visual content. Compared to traditional filter lists, the use of perceptual signals is believed to be less prone to an arms race with web publishers and ad networks. We demonstrate that this may not be the case. We describe attacks on multiple perceptual ad-blocking techniques, and unveil a new arms race that likely disfavors ad-blockers. Unexpectedly, perceptual ad-blocking can also introduce new vulnerabilities that let an attacker bypass web security boundaries and mount DDoS attacks. We first analyze the design space of perceptual ad-blockers and present a unified architecture that incorporates prior academic and commercial work. We then explore a variety of attacks on the ad-blocker's detection pipeline, that enable publishers or ad networks to evade or detect ad-blocking, and at times even abuse its high privilege level to bypass web security boundaries. On the one hand, we show that perceptual ad-blocking must visually classify rendered web content to escape an arms race centered on obfuscation of page markup. On the other, we present a concrete set of attacks on visual ad-blockers by constructing adversarial examples in a real web page context. For seven ad-detectors, we create perturbed ads, ad-disclosure logos, and native web content that misleads perceptual ad-blocking with 100% success rates. In one of our attacks, we demonstrate how a malicious user can upload adversarial content, such as a perturbed image in a Facebook post, that fools the ad-blocker into removing another users' non-ad content. Moving beyond the Web and visual domain, we also build adversarial examples for AdblockRadio, an open source radio client that uses machine learning to detects ads in raw audio streams.
Transport and Thermodynamic Evidence for a Marginal Fermi Liquid State in ZrZn$_2$
Creators: name: Sutherland, Mike
name: Smith, R. P.
name: Marcano, N.
name: Zou, Y.
name: Grosche, F. M.
name: Kimura, N.
name: Hayden, S. M.
name: Takashima, S.
name: Nohara, M.
name: Takagi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of low temperature transport and thermodynamic properties have been used to characterize the non-Fermi liquid state of the itinerant ferromagnet ZrZn$_2$. We observe a $T^{5/3}$ temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity at zero field, which becomes $T^2$ like in an applied field of 9 T. In zero field we also measured the thermal conductivity, and we see a novel linear in $T$ dependence of the difference between the thermal and electrical resistivities. Heat capacity measurements, also at zero field, reveal an upturn in the electronic contribution at low temperatures when the phonon term is subtracted. Taken together, we argue that these properties are consistent with a marginal Fermi liquid state which is predicted by a mean-field model of enhanced spin fluctuations on the border of ferromagnetism in three dimensions. We compare our data to quantitative predictions and establish this model as a compelling theoretical framework for understanding ZrZn$_2$.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
title: Il filo che lega il gioco nel mondo. Didattica ludica, narrazione e incontro interculturale
Creators: name: Berti, Francesca
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Il presente articolo descrive una pratica di educazione interculturale con i giochi tradizionali. In un setting di didattica ludica, la classe è trasformata secondo il principio della gamification: uno spazio generalmente non riconosciuto come ludico diventa uno spazio di gioco. Giochi e giocattoli tradizionali sono generatori di emozioni e stimolano l'immaginazione. Gli oggetti e i momenti di gioco contribuiscono a immergere i/le bambini/e in una cornice ludica (Bateson 1996) che coinvolge le dimensioni affettiva, relazionale, motoria e cognitiva. La pratica indica che è possibile riconoscere delle qualità narrative nei giocattoli tradizionali, ovvero, divenire agenti di narrazione.
In search of Winnetou: constructing aboriginal culture in the tourist encounter
Creators: name: Deutschlander, Siegrid
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 264-283
description: In this study, I explore the representations of Aboriginal culture that German visitors and Aboriginal hosts construct at various Aboriginal tourism sites in southern Alberta. As part of the cultural domain, tourism sites have traditionally not been associated with claims that have a political impact on dominant discourses in society. The value of a Cultural Studies orientation, by contrast, is that it explicitly politicizes culture. Drawing on this insight, my analysis shows how Aboriginal guides and displays attempt to contest prevailing perceptions about Aboriginal culture. They enlist German "lndianthusiasts" in this process, whose search for "authentic" Aboriginal culture, and their rejection of Western practices, has made them open for alternative views. The Symbolic lnteractionist perspective forms the methodological basis for my analysis of the socially constructed nature of reality. My findings are based on fieldwork and in-depth interviews with the participants at Aboriginal cultural tourism sites, during the summers 2000 - 2002. Over the last twenty-five years, Aboriginal people have increasingly assumed control over representations of their own culture. I explore in what ways the Aboriginal perspective ("voice") appears at these sites and events1 to what extent that voice is "heard" by visitors1 and what factors work to obscure or highlight it. My readings of the data show that Aboriginal displays and interpreters make claims to invert the "primitivist discourse" in favor of Aboriginal culture that authenticity is important at all sites, and that the discourses of entertainment and nostalgia work to mute the political potential of festivalized events. In the final chapter of this study, I argue that all aspects of tourism must be under the control of Aboriginal communities, and that touristic performances require ongoing internal discussions to define the boundaries of Aboriginal tourism and its place in Aboriginal society.
Candidates of Halpha emitting regions in Magellanic Stream IV cloud
Creators: name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Yoshida, Michitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From Hαnarrow band observations, we identified three Hαemitting regions in the direction of Magellanic Stream IV (MS IV). They consist of three parallel filaments with 2 arcmin width and 6 -- 30 arcmin length at 12 arcmin intervals. The mean surface brightness of them is $\sim 2 \times 10^{-18}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$. Because of their low surface brightness, the regions were not detected in previous Hαsurveys. In HI map, the position of the filaments overlap MS, suggesting that they are parts of MS, but there also exists a local HI structure. If the filaments associate with MS, the sizes are 30 pc $\times$ 100 -- 500 pc. The filaments lie at the leading edge of a downstream cloud, which supports a shock heating and its propagation (shock cascade) model for the ionizing source. If they are local objects, on the other hand, Fossil Strömgren Trails of more than two stars is a possible interpretation, and the sizes would be 0.1 pc $\times$ 0.3 -- 1.5 pc at 180 pc distance. The positional information of the Hαfilaments presented in this letter enables us future spectroscopic observations to clarify their nature.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Published in ApJL. References are corrected
OHLabCap: Survey on laboratory capability, capacity, adaptability, and interoperability across EU/EEA countries
Creators: name: Scheutz, Flemming
name: Boisen, Nadia
name: Van Der Giessen, Joke
name: Cuperus, Tryntsje
name: Oleastro, Monica
name: Tozzoli, Rosangela
name: Gay, Melanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: One Health, survey, harmonisation, foodborne bacteria, AMR, zoonosis, parasites, capabilities, capacities, adaptability, and interoperability

description: As part of the One Health European Joint Programme and the One Health Harmonisation of Protocols for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens and AMR Determinants (OH-Harmony-CAP) project, the OHLabCap survey collected information on current capabilities, capacities, adaptability, and interoperability at both the National Reference Laboratory (NRLs) and primary diagnostic laboratory level. This is an important data collection exercise to help describe the One Health microbiology system by surveying clinical human diagnostic, food, feed and veterinary laboratories across all EU/EEA countries. This information will be used to identify gaps and needs necessary to develop and implement harmonised and compatible protocols for the detection and typing of foodborne pathogens across One Health. For more information, please visit the One-Harmony-CAP website (https://onehealthejp.eu/jip-oh-harmony-cap/).
An Assessment Tool for Measuring and Enhancing Innovation in Construction Projects
Creators: name: Alhomadi, Ahmad Awaduallah
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: innovation
subject: Innovation measurement
subject: Innovation in Construction Projects
subject: Construction Innovation
subject: Engineering--Civil

description: Innovation is essential to maintaining competitiveness, improving performance, increasing national economic growth, and contributing to a knowledge-based economy. The construction industry is one of the leading economic contributors in today’s societies. However, the industry is fragmented, diverse, and challenged with a constantly changing business environment and increasing complexity and sophistication. By investing in innovations, the industry seeks to promote performance and sustain competitiveness. The construction industry is mainly project-based, and project level innovation plays a key role in enhancing the performance of project-based companies. The main objective of this research, therefore, was to holistically investigate the factors influencing innovation processes and their diffusion outputs in the construction project context and develop an assessment tool that can help firms measure and benchmark innovation levels on construction projects. A multiphase mixed methods design was conducted, where the different phases interrelate to address the main research objective. The research design encompassed three main sequential phases. The first phase involved the collection and analysis of qualitative data using semi-structured interviews and an exploratory survey. This was followed by a development phase of translating the qualitative findings into a quantitative questionnaire instrument. Then the quantitative phase involved administering the developed instrument to a representative sample in Canada to measure the extent of innovation within the construction projects. The analysis of the quantitative data entailed several statistical procedures, particularly, exploratory factor analysis, scales reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis. As a result, factor influencing innovation process and their outputs were examined, their prevalence within the context of construction projects was measured, and key factors and their relationships were identified. A construction project innovation assessment tool (CPIAT) was developed based on a synthesis of the results from the previous phases with 13 rigorous innovation indicators. Furthermore, the CPIAT was applied on two different construction projects and showed consistency and efficiency in meaningfully benchmarking construction projects’ innovation.
Quantum information processing and multiatom entanglement engineering with a thermal cavity
Creators: name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for realizing two-qubit quantum phase gates with atoms in a thermal cavity. The photon-number dependent parts in the evolution operator are canceled with the assistant of a strong classical field. Thus the scheme is insensitive to the thermal field. In the scheme the detuning between the atoms and the cavity is equal to the atom-cavity coupling strength and thus the gates operate at a high speed, which is also important in view of decoherence. The scheme can be generalized to generate multiatom entangled states with a thermal cavity.
Membership Privacy for Fully Dynamic Group Signatures
Creators: name: Backes, Michael
name: Hanzlik, Lucjan
name: Schneider-Bensch, Jonas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Group signatures present a compromise between the traditional goals of digital signatures and the need for signer privacy, allowing for the creation of unforgeable signatures in the name of a group which reveal nothing about the actual signer's identity beyond their group membership. An important consideration that is absent in prevalent models is that group membership itself may be sensitive information, especially if group membership is dynamic, i.e. membership status may change over time. We address this issue by introducing formal notions of membership privacy for fully dynamic group signature schemes, which can be easily integrated into the most expressive models of group signature security to date. We then propose a generic construction for a fully dynamic group signature scheme with membership privacy that is based on signatures with flexible public key (SFPK) and signatures on equivalence classes (SPSEQ). Finally, we devise novel techniques for SFPK to construct a highly efficient standard model scheme (i.e. without random oracles) that provides shorter signatures than even the non-private state-of-the-art from standard assumptions. This shows that, although the strictly stronger security notions we introduce have been completely unexplored in the study of fully dynamic group signatures so far, they do not come at an additional cost in practice.
On the effects of clouds and hazes in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters: semi-analytical temperature-pressure profiles
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Hayek, Wolfgang
name: Pont, Frédéric
name: Sing, David K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the work of Guillot (2010), we present a semi-analytical formalism for calculating the temperature-pressure profiles in hot Jovian atmospheres which includes the effects of clouds/hazes and collision-induced absorption. Using the dual-band approximation, we assume that stellar irradiation and thermal emission from the hot Jupiter occur at distinct wavelengths ("shortwave" versus "longwave"). For a purely absorbing cloud/haze, we demonstrate its dual effect of cooling and warming the upper and lower atmosphere, respectively, which modifies, in a non-trivial manner, the condition for whether a temperature inversion is present in the upper atmosphere. The warming effect becomes more pronounced as the cloud/haze deck resides at greater depths. If it sits below the shortwave photosphere, the warming effect becomes either more subdued or ceases altogether. If shortwave scattering is present, its dual effect is to warm and cool the upper and lower atmosphere, respectively, thus counteracting the effects of enhanced longwave absorption by the cloud/haze. We make a tentative comparison of a 4-parameter model to the temperature-pressure data points inferred from the observations of HD 189733b and estimate that its Bond albedo is approximately 10%. Besides their utility in developing physical intuition, our semi-analytical models are a guide for the parameter space exploration of hot Jovian atmospheres via three-dimensional simulations of atmospheric circulation.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 18 pages, 8 figures. No changes made from last version
Toward a Refined Conceptualization of Resilience in Sport: A Language Convergence / Meaning Divergence Case Study
Creators: name: Feder, Lillian B
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies
classificationCode: 520107
subject: Sport and exercise psychology
classificationCode: 350710
subject: Organisational behaviour

description: Resilience processes, which are largely communicative in nature, are vital to the wellbeing and success of athletic personnel and organizations both individually and collectively. However, the communicative components of resilience-building have been largely ignored in sport scholarship and in practice. This dissertation seeks to bridge that gap by developing an in-depth understanding of how collegiate athletes and coaches on the same team experience resilience, including how they talk about, understand, and enact resilience. Recognizing the lack of explicit attention paid to the function of communication in resilience-building, this dissertation uses the communication theory of resilience and language convergence/meaning divergence theory as sensitizing concepts to understand communicative resilience processes and uncover illusions of shared meaning about resilience-building in athletics. This dissertation adopts an interpretive-constructivist approach, examining resilience as communicatively and collectively constructed. The data for this dissertation was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with members of a Division I college baseball team and analyzed using thematic co-occurrence analysis. Findings indicate that collegiate athletes and coaches experience resilience as either a trait or a process involving the possession or development of mental toughness (i.e., persistence and discipline) and resourcefulness (i.e., social support, vulnerability, (self-)reflection, and positive self-talk). Findings also revealed three meaningful relationships between co-occurring themes. First, participants who focused on the process of persistence and detached from the results of their efforts developed greater (self-)awareness and found better solutions to the issues they faced. Second, providing social support to other network members motivated participants to regulate their own emotions and to be more disciplined amid adversity. Third, participants who communicated their vulnerability were empowered to actively seek out social support as a partial solution to disruptive events. Finally, findings revealed illusions of shared meaning related to participants’ understandings of the process-based orientation to resilience and the term persistence. In both cases, divergences of meaning centered on participants’ emphasis on versus detachment from results. These findings demonstrate the communicative and collective nature of resilience processes and inform suggestions for resilience-building in athletics.
A Usability Evaluation of Let's Encrypt and Certbot: Usable Security Done Right
Creators: name: Tiefenau, Christian
name: von Zezschwitz, Emanuel
name: Häring, Maximilian
name: Krombholz, Katharina
name: Smith, Matthew
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The correct configuration of HTTPS is a complex set of tasks, which many administrators have struggled with in the past. Let's Encrypt and Electronic Frontier Foundation's Certbot aim to improve the TLS ecosystem by offering free trusted certificates (Let's Encrypt) and by providing user-friendly support to configure and harden TLS (Certbot). Although adoption rates have increased, to date, there has been only a little scientific evidence of the actual usability and security benefits of this semi-automated approach. Therefore, we conducted a randomized control trial to evaluate the usability of Let's Encrypt and Certbot in comparison to the traditional certificate authority approach. We performed a within-subjects lab study with 31 participants. The study sheds light on the security and usability enhancements that Let's Encrypt and Certbot provide. We highlight how usability improvements aimed at administrators can have a large impact on security and discuss takeaways for Certbot and other security-related tasks that experts struggle with.
Dark matter origin of the gamma ray emission from the galactic center observed by HESS
Creators: name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Gammaldi, V.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the gamma ray spectrum observed with the HESS array of Cherenkov telescopes coming from the Galactic Center (GC) region and identified with the source HESS J1745-290, is well fitted by the secondary photons coming from dark matter (DM) annihilation over a diffuse power-law background. The amount of photons and morphology of the signal localized within a region of few parsecs, require compressed DM profiles as those resulting from baryonic contraction, which offer $\sim 10^3$ enhancements in the signal over DM alone simulations. The fitted background from HESS data is consistent with recent Fermi-LAT observations of the same region.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Improved resolution analysis
ผลของโปรแกรมป้องกันการสูบบุหรี่ร่วมกับการใช้ Facebook ในนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 2 อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดประจวบคีรีขันธ์
Creators: name: จุไรรัตน์ ช่วงไชยยะ
Publisher: name: สถาบันบำราศนราดูร
Year: 2564
Subjects: โปรแกรมป้องกันการสูบบุหรี่
ทฤษฎีปัญญาสังคม
Facebook

description: วารสารสถาบันบำราศนราดูร, 15, 2, 94-105
Positive effective Q12 electrostrictive coefficient in perovskites
Creators: name: Kvasov, Alexander
name: Tagantsev, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that for classical perovskites such as BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and PbTiO3 electrostrictive strain induced by an electric field may not obey traditionally considered "extension along the field, contraction perpendicular to it" behavior if a sample is cut obliquely to the cubic crystallographic directions.
Condition Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades
Creators: name: Sanati, Hadi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Passive Thermography
subject: Active Thermography
subject: Pulsed Thermography
subject: Step Heating Thermography
subject: Wind Turbine Blade
subject: Condition Monitoring
subject: Leading-edge Erosion
subject: Laser Scanning
subject: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
subject: image processing
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: The failure of wind turbine blades is a major concern in the wind power industry due to the resulting high cost. Leading-edge erosion is another issue of blades which may affect their performance and result in energy loss. It is therefore crucial to develop methods to improve the integrity of wind turbine blades and to detect surface and subsurface defects before they can result in blade failure. This research employed laser scanning to reconstruct the surface of the blade to measure leading-edge erosion. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations were used to determine the deterioration of aerodynamic characteristics resulting from leading-edge erosion. The results suggest that it is possible to successfully evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of eroded and clean airfoils. Different methods are available to detect subsurface damage in blades but most require close proximity between the sensor and the blade. To address this limitation, the use of thermography as a non-contact method was developed in this study. Both passive and active thermography techniques were investigated for different purposes. Passive thermography can be used to detect internal defects on an operating blade, whereas active thermography is restricted to pre-delivery blade inspection and site inspections when the blades are removed from the turbine. Pulsed and step heating as active thermography methods were studied. The raw thermal images captured by both active and passive thermography demonstrated that image processing was required to improve the quality of thermal data. Different image processing algorithms, including Thermal Signal Reconstruction, Principal Component Thermography, Matched Filters, and Pulsed Phase Thermography, were used to increase the thermal contrasts of subsurface defects in thermal images obtained by active thermography. A method called “Step Heating Phase and Amplitude Thermography”, which applies a transform-based algorithm on step heating data, was developed. This method was also applied to passive thermography results. The outcomes of image processing on both active and passive thermography indicated that the techniques employed could considerably increase the quality of the images and the visibility of internal defects.
The DUSTER Attack: Tor Onion Service Attribution Based on Flow Watermarking with Track Hiding
Creators: name: Iacovazzi, Alfonso
name: Frassinelli, Daniel
name: Elovici, Yuval
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Tor is a distributed network composed of volunteer relays which is designed to preserve the sender-receiver anonymity of communications on the Internet. Despite the use of the onion routing paradigm, Tor is vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks. In this paper we present Duster, an active traffic analysis attack based on flow watermarking that exploits a vulnerability in Tor's congestion control mechanism in order to link a Tor onion service with its real IP address. The proposed watermarking system embeds a watermark at the destination of a Tor circuit which is propagated throughout the Tor network and can be detected by our modified Tor relays in the proximity of the onion service. Furthermore, upon detection the watermark is cancelled so that the target onion service remains unaware of its presence. We performed a set of experiments over the real Tor network in order to evaluate the feasibility of this attack. Our results show that true positive rates above 94% and false positive rates below 0.05% can be easily obtained. Finally we discuss a solution to mitigate this and other traffic analysis attacks which exploit Tor's congestion control.
Analytical star formation rate from gravoturbulent fragmentation
Creators: name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical determination of the star formation rate (SFR) in molecular clouds, based on a time-dependent extension of our analytical theory of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). The theory yields SFR's in good agreement with observations, suggesting that turbulence {\it is} the dominant, initial process responsible for star formation. In contrast to previous SFR theories, the present one does not invoke an ad-hoc density threshold for star formation; instead, the SFR {\it continuously} increases with gas density, naturally yielding two different characteristic regimes, thus two different slopes in the SFR vs gas density relationship, in agreement with observational determinations. Besides the complete SFR derivation, we also provide a simplified expression, which reproduces reasonably well the complete calculations and can easily be used for quick determinations of SFR's in cloud environments. A key property at the heart of both our complete and simplified theory is that the SFR involves a {\it density-dependent dynamical time}, characteristic of each collapsing (prestellar) overdense region in the cloud, instead of one single mean or critical freefall timescale. Unfortunately, the SFR also depends on some ill determined parameters, such as the core-to-star mass conversion efficiency and the crossing timescale. Although we provide estimates for these parameters, their uncertainty hampers a precise quantitative determination of the SFR, within less than a factor of a few.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL
Truth Assignments as Conditional Autarkies
Creators: name: Kiesl, Benjamin
name: Heule, Marijn J. H.
name: Biere, Armin
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: An autarky for a formula in propositional logic is a truth assignment that satisfies every clause it touches, i.e., every clause for which the autarky assigns at least one variable. In this paper, we present how conditional autarkies, a generalization of autarkies, give rise to novel preprocessing techniques for SAT solving. We show that conditional autarkies correspond to a new type of redundant clauses, termed globally-blocked clauses, and that the elimination of these clauses can simulate existing circuit-simplification techniques on the CNF level.
Modeling FRBR entities and their relationships with TEI
Creators: name: Rojas Castro, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: FRBR
TEI
Modelling

description: The aim of this paper is to discuss the mapping between FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) and TEI carried out to create bibliographic records and their relationships. FRBR (IFLA, 2008) defines four bibliographic entities (Group 1: work, expression, manifestation and item) amongst other entities such as Person, Concept, Event, Place, etc. while the TEI allows to encode “structured bibliographic citation[s]” with  and “a loosely-structured bibliographic citation[s]” with . For illustration purposes, this paper will use HallerNet portal devoted to Albrecht von Haller (Bern, 1708-1777), a key figure of the Swiss Enlightenment, and his circle of friends and collaborators. The website comprises both digital editions and a large collection of 35.600 bibliographic records amongst other types of objects. HallerNet has simplified and adapted the FRBR abstract model to define only two bibliographic entities — due to the current state of the bibliographic records — and their relationships: a work (a distinct intellectual or artistic creation) and its manifestations (the physical embodiment) using the TEI elements  and  respectively and four potential relationships (embodimentOf, isPartOf, isAReviewOf and isASuccessorOf) encoded with .
Social Studying and Learning Among Medical Students
Creators: name: Keren, Daniela
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: social learning
subject: undergraduate medical education
subject: Medical students
subject: qualitative research
subject: Education
subject: Education--Higher
subject: Biophysics--Medical

description: Many medical students engage in social studying and learning (SSL) during their selfdirected study time. A constructivist grounded theory study was conducted to explore the nature of SSL for medical students at the University of Calgary. 23 interviews were iteratively conducted and analyzed through paired and parallel coding. SSL groups formed during an early trial and error period. SSL groups differed in size, function, frequency of meeting, and degree of socialization. Benefits of SSL included increased efficiency, peer benchmarking and social support. Drawbacks included increased stress and distraction. SSL was enabled or challenged by geographical factors, personal circumstances, and time. All students had been advised to engage in SSL. However, social and academic advantage influenced students’ abilities to engage in SSL, which ultimately affected their social experiences. This study suggests implications of SSL on medical student welfare. A better understanding of SSL can better enable medical educators to support students.
Joint downscale fluxes of energy and potential enstrophy in rotating stratified Boussinesq flows
Creators: name: Aluie, Hussein
name: Kurien, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a coarse-graining approach to analyze nonlinear cascades in Boussinesq flows using high-resolution simulation data. We derive budgets which resolve the evolution of energy and potential enstrophy simultaneously in space and in scale. We then use numerical simulations of Boussinesq flows, with forcing in the large-scales, and fixed rotation and stable stratification along the vertical axis, to study the inter-scale flux of energy and potential enstrophy in three different regimes of stratification and rotation: (i) strong rotation and moderate stratification, (ii) moderate rotation and strong stratification, and (iii) equally strong stratification and rotation. In all three cases, we observe constant fluxes of both global invariants, the mean energy and mean potential enstrophy, from large to small scales. The existence of constant potential enstrophy flux ranges provides the first direct empirical evidence in support of the notion of a cascade of potential enstrophy. The persistent forward cascade of the two invariants reflects a marked departure of these flows from two-dimensional turbulence.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Europhys. Lett
Generation of entangled states for many multilevel atoms in a thermal cavity and ions in thermal motion
Creators: name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for generating entangled states for two or more multi-level atoms in a thermal cavity. The photon-number dependent parts in the effective Hamiltonian are canceled with the assistant of a strong classical field. Thus the scheme is insensitive to both the cavity decay and the thermal field. The scheme does not require individual addressing of the atoms in the cavity. The scheme can also be used to generate entangled states for many hot multi-level ions.
Discovering Robustly Connected Subgraphs with Simple Descriptions
Creators: name: Kalofolias, Janis
name: Boley, Mario
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the problem of discovering robustly connected subgraphs that have simple descriptions. Our aim is, hence, to discover vertex sets which not only a) induce a subgraph that is difficult to fragment into disconnected components, but also b) can be selected from the entire graph using just a simple conjunctive query on their vertex attributes. Since many subgraphs do not have such a simple logical description, first mining robust subgraphs and post-hoc discovering their description leads to sub-optimal results. Instead, we propose to optimise over describable subgraphs only. To do so efficiently we propose a non-redundant iterative deepening approach, which we equip with a linear-time tight optimistic estimator that allows pruning large parts of the search space. Extensive empirical evaluation shows that our method can handle large real-world graphs, and discovers easily interpretable and meaningful subgraphs.
Paraiso : An Automated Tuning Framework for Explicit Solvers of Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Muranushi, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65M22 (Primary) 68N15, 68N18, 65K10 (Secondary)

description: We propose Paraiso, a domain specific language embedded in functional programming language Haskell, for automated tuning of explicit solvers of partial differential equations (PDEs) on GPUs as well as multicore CPUs. In Paraiso, one can describe PDE solving algorithms succinctly using tensor equations notation. Hydrodynamic properties, interpolation methods and other building blocks are described in abstract, modular, re-usable and combinable forms, which lets us generate versatile solvers from little set of Paraiso source codes. We demonstrate Paraiso by implementing a compressive hydrodynamics solver. A single source code less than 500 lines can be used to generate solvers of arbitrary dimensions, for both multicore CPUs and GPUs. We demonstrate both manual annotation based tuning and evolutionary computing based automated tuning of the program.
description: 52 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publications in Computational Science and Discovery
Electronic transport within a quasi two-dimensional model for rubrene single-crystal field effect transistors
Creators: name: Gargiulo, F.
name: Perroni, C. A.
name: Ramaglia, V. Marigliano
name: Cataudella, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral and transport properties of the quasi two-dimensional adiabatic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model are studied adjusting the parameters in order to model rubrene single-crystal field effect transistors with small but finite density of injected charge carriers. We show that, with increasing temperature $T$, the chemical potential moves into the tail of the density of states corresponding to localized states, but this is not enough to drive the system into an insulating state. The mobility along different crystallographic directions is calculated including vertex corrections which give rise to a transport lifetime one order of magnitude smaller than spectral lifetime of the states involved in the transport mechanism. With increasing temperature, the transport properties reach the Ioffe-Regel limit which is ascribed to less and less appreciable contribution of itinerant states to the conduction process. The model provides features of the mobility in close agreement with experiments: right order of magnitude, scaling as a power law $T^{-γ}$, with $γ$ close or larger than two, and correct anisotropy ratio between different in-plane directions. Due to a realistic high dimensional model, the results are not biased by uncontrolled approximations.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, Submitted
Summarizing Dynamic Graphs using MDL
Creators: name: Saran, Divyam
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: How can we succinctly describe a large, dynamic graph over time? Given a large dynamic graph, can we �find "important" patterns that evolve over time, so that we can easily summarize and visualize the graph? In real life, these patterns signify interaction between nodes over time -- for example, how the network traffic of a bank changes during the day, how calling patterns change season over season, or how people watch different genre of movies over different times of the year. Our work focuses on the problem of how to find and rank these patterns. To this end, we formalize this problem as minimizing the encoding cost in a data compression paradigm and propose Mango, an effective heuristic for discovering evolving patterns in dynamic graphs. We then apply our method to both synthetic and real datasets to show that Mango is able to summarize dynamic graphs by meaningful static and temporal patterns.
The Role of RVLM and PACAP in Sympathetic Long-Term Facilitation after Exposure to Acute Intermittent Hypoxia Hypercapnia
Creators: name: Derakhshan, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: PACAP
subject: Intermittent Hypoxia
subject: Hypertension
subject: Rostral ventrolateral medulla
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biophysics--Medical

description: Intermittent hypoxia (IHx) and hypercapnia (Hc) episodes are typically a consequence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults and immature respiratory control in pre-term infants. IHxHc contributes to immediate and long-term co-morbidities including increased sympathetic output, hypertension, long-term cardiorespiratory instability and stroke. Exposure to an acute phase of IHxHc results in sympathetic long-term facilitation (LTF). Despite intensive investigation, the mechanisms linking IHxHc to increased sympathetic activity and cardiorespiratory instability remain poorly understood. In my thesis project, I explored the role of rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) neurons in development of sympathetic LTF after exposure to IHxHc. I report that PACAP, a highly conserved excitatory neuropeptide, which can function as an "emergency response" co-transmitter in the sympathoadrenal axis, plays a significant role in activating the sympathetic responses to IHxHc, with a prominent role in the RVLM. First, I showed that PACAP plays a critical role during IHx and can save the life of PACAP-KO mice exposed to acute IHx. To the best of our knowledge, PACAP is the first neuropeptide, which is required to survive acute IHx. Second, intermittent stimulation of RVLM area, mirrors the effect of IHxHc with inducing LTF and is sufficient for development of sympathetic LTF, emphasizing on an important role of RVLM neurons in the induction and maintenance of a sympathetic surge after IHxHc. Third, I showed that PACAP action at the RVLM level is necessary for the maintenance of induced sympathetic LTF after exposure to IHxHc. Fourth, I demonstrated that carotid sinus denervation decreases the baseline sympathetic nerve activity but does not suppress the sympathetic nerve response to hypoxia. This finding was explained with the consecutive discovery of spinal cord oxygen sensors. The spinal cord oxygen sensors (SOS) are active over the physiological range and have several qualities of primary oxygen sensors, including a highly-sensitive and rapid physiologic response to changes in oxygen levels. The discovery of PACAP’s role in the maintenance of sympathetic LTF and the existence of SOS introduces a new chapter in current cardiorespiratory research. This new realm has implications for translational studies, such as those investigating sustained sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure,aiming to help patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), OSA, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), and neonates at risks for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).