Thygater sordidipenis Moure 1941
Creators: name: Freitas, Felipe V.
name: Silveira, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Thygater
Thygater sordidipenis

description: Thygater sordidipenis Moure 1941
(Fig. 15)
Thygater (Nectarodiaeta) sordidipenis Urban 1967; Urban, Moure & Melo 2012.
Diagnosis. T. sordidipenis may be confused with T. tuberculata and T. seabrai (the later known only by males), which also have almost entirely black pilosity and four maxillary palpomeres. It can be distinguished from these species by the third submarginal cell as long as the second (about 1.5 times as long as second in T. tuberculata and T. seabrai); by the dense stripe of hairs on S6 (absent in T. sordidipenis and T. tuberculata) and by the lack of a tubercule on the disc of S4 (present in T. tuberculata).
Description ♀. Integument black, except reddish on mandible, malar area and legs, wings infumate with darkbrown veins; on head reticulate, with shiny areas on disc of clypeus and vertex between lateral ocellus and eye; on clypeus coarsely punctate; on mesoscutum smooth, densely puncate (= 1 dp); on rest of mesosoma reticulate, densely punctate (<1 dp); on metasoma finely reticulate, sparsely punctate on terga (= 3 dp), smooth on marginal zones on T1 – T4;; translucent-amber areas on apex of marginal zones of T1 – T4 short, slightly shorter than F2; on sterna densely punctate (= 1 dp), smooth on marginal zones of S2 – S4; on S6 densest; translucent-amber on apex of marginal zones of S2 – S4 long, as long as F2. Pilosity black, except fuscous on most of head and on mesosoma, white on frons and intermingled on T4 – T6. On mesosoma densely plumose, especially on mesepisternum; on metasoma plumose basally on T1, simple distally on T1 and on remaining terga, except mainly plumose on T5; on sterna plumose, especially so on marginal fringes, on latter longer; on S6 denser. Structure —malar area about 1/5 as long as basal mandibular width; clypeus convex, its basal depression reaching 1/5 of clypeal length; S6 densely punctate with mid-longitudinal carina.
♂ (holotype). Integument black, except lighter on distal tarsomeres and T7, on latter lighter apicad, brown on marginal zone, translucent-amber on apex of marginal zones of S1 – S5; on head reticulate, shiny on upper paraocular area and vertex between lateral ocellus and eye; on mesosoma reticulate, except smooth on mesoscutum, densely punctate (> 1 dp), denser on scutellum and metanotum; on metasoma finely reticulate, very finely punctate, densely punctate basally on terga, sparser apicad; marginal zone of T1 long, longer than F1 and smooth, marginal zone of T2 – T4 short, shorter than pedicel; on S1 – S3 almost entirely smooth, very finely punctate; on S4 – S6 finely punctate; translucent-amber areas on apex of marginal zone of S1 – S5 long, twice as long as F1. Pilosity white on most of head, on ventral tuft of mesepisternum, and on anterior tibia and basitarsus, predominantly on T4 and on short setae scattered on T5 – T6; fuscous on vertex and most of mesosoma; black on T1 – T3; fuscous on plumose hairs of T5 – T6; on mesosoma plumose and dense, except relatively sparse on mesoscutum; on metasoma plumose basally on T1, simple on distal half of T1 and on T2 – T3; on T4 mainly simple; on T5 – T6 a mixture of short plumose and simple longer setae; on S1 – S3 scanty, plumose; on S4 – S5 denser; on S6 short and simple, forming a hourglass-shaped patch, longer apically, surpassing the sternal margin. Structure — malar area about ¼ as long as basal mandibular width; clypeus somewhat flat, gently elevated on disc, its basal depression reaching ¼ of clypeal length; hind basitarsus parallel-sided; apical margin of T7 emarginate with two flat triangular lobes; apical margin of S5 with two dentiform projections; S6 with relatively short lateral tubercles.
Holotype (female). “n o 125” “HOLOTYPUS” “J.F. Zikán; Itatiaya,?00 m; Est. do Rio; ??. XII.1930; (illegible)” “ Thygater; sordidipennis; (illegible).; Det. J.S. Moure 1940” [DZUP] – examined.
Variation and taxonomic notes: according to Urban (1967) the color pattern is stable in this species, but variation in color intensity occurs.
Habitat: there is no information on the environments inhabited by the species. Apparently, it occurs on a relatively wide altitudinal gradient (Urban 1967).
Additional material examined (nine specimens, 4 ♀♀ and 5 ♂♂). BRAZIL — MINAS GERAIS: Lambari — 27/ 12/2001, F. A. Silveira 1♀ [UFMG]. PARAN: Curitiba —11/1960, J.S. Moure 1♂ [DZUP]. RIO DE JANEIRO: Itatiaia: 06/12/1935, no collector data 1♀ (Paratype) [DZUP]. Trajano de Morais — 06/12/2010, R. L. Guarit 1♂ [DZUP]. SANTA CATARINA: Seara — Nova Teutonia 11/1975, F. Plaumann – 1♀ [DZUP]. RIO GRANDE DO SUL: Osório — 16/11/1992, I. Alves-dos-Santos 1♂ [PUC –RS]. São Francisco de Paula — 08/03/1998, B. Harter 1♀ [PUC–RS]. Torres — 24/11/1992, I. Alves dos Santos 2♂♂ [UFMG and PUC–RS].
Distribution in Minas Gerais: The only record for the species in the state is from Lambari (Serra da Mantiqueira). It should be present throughout this mountain chain.
Flower records: Solanaceae —unidentified species, Itatiaia—RJ [Moure 1941].
description: Published as part of Freitas, Felipe V. & Silveira, Fernando A., 2017, Synopsis of the bee genus Thygater Holmberg 1884 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, with the description of a new species and a key to all Brazilian species, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 4238 (1) on pages 24-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/344981