cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reexamining Rural Decline: How Changing Rural Classifications and Short Time Frames Affect Perceived Growth
Creators: name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
name: Orazem, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Beale codes are an important tool for examining rural urban differences in socioeconomic trends. However, as population changes, counties' designations also change over time. This feature of Beale codes is commonly overlooked by researchers, yet it has important implications for understanding rural growth. Since the fastest growing counties grow out of their rural status, use of the most recent codes excludes the most successful rural counties. Average economic performance of the counties remaining rural significantly understates the true performance of rural counties. This paper illustrates that choice of Beale code can alter conclusions regarding the relative speed of rural and urban growth across a variety of commonly used social and economic indicators. The bias can alter conclusions regarding the magnitude and even the sign of factors believed to influence growth. Most strikingly, the estimated impact of human capital on rural growth is completely reversed when the sample is based on end-of-period rather than start-of-period rural status. The use of short time frames such as a single decade to evaluate relative growth across counties can also yield misleading inferences. Therefore, both academicians and policy-makers must be careful to use appropriate Beale code designations and time frames in evaluating prescriptions for rural growth.
IIP-Ecosphere Platform – Requirements (Functional and Quality View)
Creators: name: Holger, Eichelberger
name: Christian, Sauer
name: Shayan, Ahmadian Amir
name: Schicktanz Michael
name: Dewes Andreas
name: Gregory, Palmer
name: Niederee Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Industry 4.0
platform
requirements
edge
Artificial Intelligence
Data Sharing
data protection

description: This document elaborates the requirements for the IIP-Ecosphere platform. The requirements are based on discussions with the partners and the (representatives of the) work packages or subprojects of IIP-Ecosphere, such as the demonstrators. An overview of current Industry 4.0 platforms created in the project was included as a basis, as well as a requirements survey from a user perspective.
 The document comprises 141 requirements with a total of 181 sub-requirements in 14 topic areas and now serves to derive a common architecture as well as the realization of the IIP-Ecosphere platform. It is planned to update this document as new requirements emerge in order to serve as a basis for the IIP-Ecosphere ecosystem as well as for further platform developments. This artifact contains the whitepaper in German and English language.
The Value of Third-Party Certification of Preconditioning Claims at Iowa Feeder Cattle Auctions
Creators: name: Bulut, Harun
name: Lawrence, John D.
name: Bulut, Harun
name: Lawrence, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: After controlling a variety of feeder cattle characteristics and market and sale conditions, we estimate the price premiums for preconditioning (vaccinations and minimum 30 days weaning) claims with and without third-party certification (TPC) as $6.15/cwt and $3.40/cwt, respectively, in Iowa feeder cattle auctions. These premiums differ statistically (p-value less than 0.0001) and their difference exceeds the additional participation cost of TPC ($1/cwt) on average. This indicates that the third party certification is valued in the market to credibly signal preconditioning investment under asymmetric information.
Observing Flare Stars Below 100 MHz with the LWA
Creators: name: Davis, Ivey
name: Taylor, Greg
name: Dowell, Jayce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the flare stars AD Leonis, Wolf 424, EQ Pegasi, EV Lacertae, and UV Ceti for nearly 135 hours. These stars were observed between 63 and 83 MHz using the interferometry mode of the Long Wavelength Array. Given that emission from flare stars is typically circularly polarized, we used the condition that any significant detection present in Stokes I must also be present in Stokes V at the same time in order for us to consider it a possible flare. Following this, we made one marginal flare detection for the star EQ Pegasi. This flare had a flux density of 5.91 Jy in Stokes I and 5.13 Jy in Stokes V, corresponding to a brightness temperature $1.75 \times 10^{16}(r/r_*)^{-2}$ K.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Spatial Labor Markets and Technology Spillovers - Analysis from the US Midwest
Creators: name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Monchuk, Daniel C.
name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Monchuk, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The primary focus of this paper is the impact of knowledge creation and innovative activity on non-farm employment growth. Non-farm employment growth is modeled in a stylized model where new knowledge and local economic externalities are key factors driving technology growth. For our empirical application we assume that new knowledge and innovative activity are embodied in new patent filings within the county. To explicitly capture spillovers between counties we apply spatial econometric techniques. The econometric model, based on a 2-stage spatial econometric estimation procedure, is tested for all counties in US Midwestern States of Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and North Dakota. The results indicate the positive influence of knowledge creation and innovative activity, as captured by patents, on non-farm employment growth during the period 1969-2000. We also find strong evidence of local spatial employment growth spillovers contributing in a positive manner to explaining non-farm employment growth. The key results also hold when we consider subsamples of the study period suggesting our model is quite robust to the time period of analysis.
[Heures] Les presentes heures a lusaige de Ro[m]me fure[n]t acheuez ... pour Symo[n] Vostre Libraire demoura[n]t a Paris a la rue neuue nostre dame a lenseigne sainct Jehan leuangeliste
Creators: name: Vostre, Simon
name: Pigouchet, Philippe
Publisher: name: Philippe Pigouchet
Year: 0

description: Trykt på pergament og gjennomillustrert, delvis kolorert
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE UNDER NAFTA
Creators: name: Colyer, Dale
name: Colyer, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: NAFTA was the first trade liberalization agreement to explicitly include environmental provisions. Both agricultural trade and U.S. FDI in the Mexican food processing and agricultural sectors have increased since NAFTA's implementation. Environmental implications include a greater emphasis on the environment in Mexico as well as positive and negative impacts due to changes in scale, structure and technology in those sectors. Increased use of chemicals due to both increased outputs and a shift to greater horticultural crop production have negative impacts on the Mexican environment but improved technologies in processing produce favorable effects.
IMPACTS OF NAFTA ON U.S.-MEXICO AGRICULTURAL TRADE
Creators: name: Colyer, Dale
name: Colyer, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Paper presented at the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association's Annual Meeting, Bar Harbor, ME, June 10-12, 2001 Data for 1989-99 indicate that U.S.-Mexico trade has increased substantially under NAFTA. Regression analyses do not provide strong evidence that NAFTA has been an mportant factor since the data indicate a continuation of previous trends. NAFTA resulted in trade under TRQs for previously prohibited products and enabled other trade to continue increasing.
Everyone's Universe: Teaching Astronomy in Community Colleges
Creators: name: French, Rica Sirbaugh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the negative stereotypes still overshadowing community colleges, scores of freshmen nationwide are deliberately beginning their college careers at these institutions, and the numbers are increasing more than twice as fast as those of four-year schools. Approximately 300,000 of these students take introductory astronomy each year as the last formal exposure to science most of them will ever have, and at least one-third of these students do so at a community or two-year college. The importance of investing in and devoting resources and training to serve this population - everyone, demographically speaking - cannot be overstated. Yet the overwhelming majority of those who do serve this population are lacking in both areas. The community colleges' heavy emphasis on teaching and student success creates both challenges and opportunities that educators must meet head-on using a variety of methods and innovative strategies, teamwork and faculty support systems, and clever workarounds. Here, we introduce both the student and faculty populations, examine some characteristics of both populations, and offer some advice for those looking to teach introductory astronomy at a community college.
description: 49 pages, 1 table, to appear in _Astronomy Education Volume 1: Evidence-based instruction for introductory courses (part of the AAS-IOP Astronomy book series)
A COMPARISON OF ANNUAL, QUARTERLY AND MONTHLY TURKEY EXPORT MODELS
Creators: name: Colyer, Dale
name: Colyer, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Turkey exports
subject: international trade
subject: structural time series

description: Structural time series models of turkey exports were estimated using monthly, quarterly and annual data. The trend is statistically significant in all three models, seasonals are significant in the quarterly and monthly models. Exchange rates, lagged prices, and lagged production were explanatory factors in the monthly model; exchange rates and prices in the quarterly model; but only the exchange rates in the annual model.
Surface response methodology for optimizing the degradation kinetics and efficiency removal of sulfamethazine in a UV/S2O8 2− oxidation process
Creators: name: Rangel-Peraza, Jesús Gabriel
name: Padilla-Gasca, Edith
name: Yaneth A. Bustos-Terrones
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a comparison of two advanced oxidation treatments (UV/H2O2 and UV/S2O8 2−) for the degradation of Sulfamethazine (SMT) is presented. A Box-Behnken experimental design was used to assess the effect of different oxidation process variables on degradation efficiency and degradation rate, such as: process temperature, oxidizing agent concentration and pH. Surface response methodology was used to find the best operating conditions of both systems, where the maximum degradation rate and the maximum degradation efficiency were achieved. Under these optimum conditions, similar degradation efficiencies (>99%) were obtained in both systems. The UV/S2O8 2− system showed shorter treatment times than the UV/H2O2 system. A maximum SMT degradation rate (k) of 0.8056 min−1 was obtained for UV/S2O8 2− system, which was almost three times more than the maximum rate observed in UV/H2O2 system (k = 0.3181 min−1) when using the same photocatalytic conditions. The energy consumption obtained for UV/S2O8 2− system under optimum conditions (EEO = 0.402 kWhm−3 order−1) was lower compared to UV/H2O2 process. Based on EEO, this UV/S2O8 2− process could be classified as an AOP-like process and demonstrated a better performance than other alternatives for SMT removal reported in the literature.
Technological impact of biomedical research: the role of basicness and novelty
Creators: name: Ke, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An ongoing interest in innovation studies is to understand how knowledge generated from scientific research can be used in the development of technologies. While previous inquiries have devoted to studying the scientific capacity of technologies and institutional factors facilitating technology transfer, little is known about the intrinsic characteristics of scientific publications that gain direct technological impact. Here we focus on two features, namely basicness and novelty. Using a corpus of 3.8 million papers published between 1980 and 1999, we find that basic science papers and novel papers are substantially more likely to achieve direct technological impact. Further analysis that limits to papers with technological impact reveals that basic science and novel science have more patent citations, experience shorter time lag, and have impact in broader technological fields.
title: A Conceptual Approach to Modeling the Geospatial Impact of Typical Urban Threats on the Habitat Quality of River Corridors
Creators: name: Hack, Jochen
name: Molewijk, Diana
name: Beißler, Manuel R.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020

description: While for most of a landscape, urbanization leads to a significant habitat loss, rivers in urban areas are usually maintained or developed for their drainage function. Rivers are often the most important biophysical and ecological connection of cities with their surrounding ecosystems, although usually heavily altered due to urban impacts. For the conservation of urban rivers as ecological corridors, it is important to assess the impact of typical urban threats on habitat quality. In this study, we used the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Trade-offs) habitat quality model to assess the individual and combined impacts of built-up areas, first- and second-order road and water pollution from urban drainage, and wastewater discharge on habitat quality within a 200 m wide river corridor. The Pochote River in León, Nicaragua, was used as a case study. Our results show the spatial distribution and magnitude of the individual threat impacts, as well as the respective contribution of each threat to the overall impact of urbanization on the habitat quality within the river corridor. While close to the city center, all threats almost equally contributed to severe habitat degradation, while further downstream, an individual threat influence became more distinct with only water pollution having a consistent negative impact. We concluded that the InVEST habitat quality model can be used to assess the impact of typical urban threats on habitat quality in river corridors at a high spatial resolution. The results can help to improve urban planning and development to improve habitat conservation along urban rivers.
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE FTAA
Creators: name: Colyer, Dale
name: Colyer, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International trade
subject: trade agreements
subject: agricultural trade
subject: environment
subject: trade and environment

description: Paper presented at the 24th West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference, Granada, July 19-12, 2002. Environmental issues have become important in trade agreement negotiations. NAFTA explicitly includes environmental provisions and they are affecting ongoing WTO and FTAA negotiations. The final role of the environment in the FTAA is uncertain, given opposition by most of the members. The draft FTAA agreement does not contain a separate section on the environment, but a U.S. position paper indicates that environmental provisions are important and that U.S. negotiators will seek to incorporate environmental concerns into specific chapters such those on investment and agriculture. The large number and varied economic and environmental conditions of the 34 countries in the FTAA, make it difficult to include meaningful environmental provisions in the agreement, but environmentalists are seeking them and the inclusion of such provisions in the NAFTA and WTO agreements will tend to make it difficult to get approval of future agreements that do not address environmental issues or at least that do not guard against creating pollution havens or that encourage laxness in environmental protection. This paper examines environmental and trade issues in the context of the FTAA negotiations including analyses of environmental conditions in the region and the pros and cons of their inclusion in the FTAA and other trade agreements.
Electronic supplementary material from Highly resolved genome assembly and comparative transcriptome profiling reveal genes related to developmental stages of tapeworm Ligula intestinalis
Creators: name: Nazarizadeh, Masoud
name: Nováková, Milena
name: Drábková, Marie
name: Catchen, Julian
name: Olson, Peter D.
name: Štefka, Jan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310404
subject: Evolution of developmental systems
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics

description: File containing details on tapeworm sampling and culturing, high molecular weight DNA extraction and sequencing and supplementary tables and figures.
Perturbative theory of ensemble-averaged atomic dynamics in fluctuating laser fields
Creators: name: Katravulapally, Tejaswi
name: Nikolopoulos, L. A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a perturbative method to model the resonant ionization of atomic systems in fluctuating laser fields. The perturbative method is based on an expansion in terms of the multitime cumulants, a suitable combination of moments (field's coherence functions), used to represent the field's statistical properties. The second-order truncated expansion is expressed in terms of the radiation's power spectrum and the intensity autocorrelation function. We investigate the range of validity of the model in terms of the field's coherence temporal length and peak intensity and have compared the results with conventional Monte-Carlo calculations. We apply the theory in the case of a near-resonant ionization of the Helium 2s2p autoionizing state with a SASE FEL pulse with square-exponentially dependent 1st-order coherence function. The ionization lineshape profile acquires a Voight profile; the degree of the Gaussian or Lorentzian character of which to depend crucially on the field's coherence time.
El Modelo Estandar de la Cosmologia Moderna en Jaque
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard model of modern cosmology provides a description of a wide range of astrophysical and astronomical data. However, despite this impressive success, several discrepancies have have persisted. Most strikingly, the emerging tension in the observed and inferred values of the Hubble constant. This constant parameterizes the rate of expansion of the cosmos and thus provides clues about its energy content. In this article we examine the origin of this discrepancy and we explore possible solutions to overcome the problem.
description: In Spanish. Articulo solicitado por el Director de la Revista Nucleos, Argentina. http://www.unnoba.edu.ar/investigacion-prod/revista-nucleos/
A Pseudo-Sequential Choice Model for Valuing Multiple Environmental Policy or Program Components in Contingent Valuation Applications
Creators: name: Volinskiy, Dmitriy
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Cornwell, Christopher M.
name: Volinskiy, Dmitriy
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Cornwell, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The study proposes a discrete-choice model for environmental policy/program valuation, to be used in cases when several policies are valued sequentially. The stochastic specification of the model is consistent with the transitivity and continuity axioms of utility analysis. An empirical methodology for the model is suggested. An application of this model to WTP estimation for Little Tennessee River watershed ecosystem restoration is provided. Findings from the application agree with the hypothesized agent's behavior.
A new Eurocode-compliant design approach for cold-formed steel sections
Creators: name: Ungermann, Dieter
name: Lemański, Tim
name: Brune, Bettina
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cold-formed steel sections
subject: Stability
subject: EN 1993-1-3
subject: Direct Strength Method (DSM)
subject: Experimental Analysis
subject: Finite Element Analysis
subject: 690

description: A new, Eurocode-compliant design approach based on the Direct Strength Method (DSM) combined with EN 1993-1-3 was developed for the design of thin-walled cold-formed steel sections. The new design approach transfers cross-sectional resistance according to DSM, based on numerical elastic buckling analyses on the gross cross-section, into the global stability check according to EN 1993-1-3. Experimental investigations on various perforated and unperforated cold-formed sections in compression and bending serve to verify the new design approach. In addition, a numerical model was developed, it was calibrated on the test results and used for further parametric analyses on the load-carrying capacity of cold-formed sections.
description: ce/papers;5(4)
Current modulation in graphene p-n junctions with external fields
Creators: name: Araújo, F. R. V.
name: da Costa, D. R.
name: Nascimento, A. C. S.
name: Pereira, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we describe a proposal for a graphene-based nanostructure that modulates electric current even in the absence of a gap in the band structure. The device consists of a graphene p-n junction that acts as a Veselago lens that focuses ballistic electrons on the output lead. Applying external (electric and magnetic) fields changes the position of the output focus, reducing the transmission. Such device can be applied to low power field effect transistors, which can benefit from graphene's high electronic mobility.
Evolutionary and pulsational models of metal-poor subdwarfs
Creators: name: Shkolnik, Evgenya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Metal-poor subdwarfs (MPSDs) are probably the Sun's oldest neighbours and are almost certainly low-amplitude p-mode pulsators, like the Sun. One of the goals of the MOST Space Telescope project (due for launch in 2002 - 2003) is to detect MPSD oscillations and apply asteroseismology to refine the calibration of globular cluster isochrone fitting and possibly set a lower limit to the age of the Universe. To be able to interpret the eigenfrequency data, a comprehensive grid of nonadiabatic, nonradial pulsation models for MPSDs was generated for the first time using a code developed by Guenther (1994). Each pulsation model was calculated from a structural evolutionary model using the Yale Stellar Evolution Code with Rotation (YREC) which included up-to-date physics such as both He and heavy element diffusion and the latest EOS and opacity tables. The grid spanned the following ranges: helium abundance Y = 0.235 to 0.255 (consistent with estimates of primordial Y); heavy element abundance Z = 0.0002 to 0.01 (consistent with MPSD spectra); mass M = 0.7 to 1.0 M[sub o] ; and age A = 5 to 16 Gyr. From the calculated eigenfrequencies of each model, the large and small frequency spacings (Δ v, δV[sub0,2]) were derived as defined by asymptotic pulsation theory (Tassoul 1980). These spacings are sensitive diagnostics of the mass and mainsequence age of the star. Combining MOST's resolution with the uncertainties in the input parameters, MOST data could refine MPSD ages to better than ± 0.056 Gyr (an average error assuming the input physics are correct).
title: The state for which people? The (not so)  left populism of the Macedonian far-left  party Levica
Creators: name: Bosilkov, Ivo
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021

description: Assessing the political principles of the Macedonian far left party Levica
(The Left) has been an elusive task for political commentators and scholars
alike since its emergence in 2016. However, the importance of categorising
the party has further increased after its success in the 2020 parliamentary
elections in North Macedonia, marked by a series of controversial
statements by its leader, Dimitar Apasiev. As many pundits interpreted the
violent undertones of Apasiev’s words as an indication of Levica’s ‘fascist’
intentions, the focus has shifted away from its key feature: populism. While
this article does not attempt to deny Levica’s self-definition as a far-left
party, it does scrutinise the party’s claim to be a member of the ‘left-populist’
family of parties. Demonstrating the contradictions between official party
communication and social media posts by its leader, the article concludes
that Levica is in fact a valenced or polyvalent populist party, as it lacks the
inclusivity principle common for left populists. Importantly, however, the
article finds that Levica consistently utilises populism in all of its
conceptualisations – as ideology, as strategy and as discursive style –- a rare
practice for populist political actors.
description: Keywords: populism, ideology, far left, North Macedonia
description: Contemporary Southeastern Europe, 2021, 8(1), 40-55
Trichoderma aureoviride: phylogenetic position and characterization
Creators: name: Lieckfeldt, Elke
name: Kullnig, Cornelia M.
name: Kubicek, Christian P.
name: Samuels, Gary J.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: The identity of strains identified as Trichoderma aureoviride/Hypocrea aureoviridis was reconsidered. Trichoderma aureoviride was isolated originally from a specimen identified as H. aureoviridis and thus is H. aureoviridis. The morphological and molecular characters of most strains identified as T. aureoviride differ from those of the ex-type but are more typical of T. harzianum, a member of sect. Pachybasium. Molecular data do not support inclusion of T. aureoviride in sect. Trichoderma, nor was there strong phenotypic similarity between H. aureoviridis and H. rufa. In the ITS phylogeny the T. aureoviride ex-type and other collections of H. aureoviridis form a strongly supported clade that is separate from any other recognized section of Trichoderma. Hypocrea vinosa, which was originally included in the T. aureoviride aggregate species concept, is distinct from T. aureoviride, but closely allied with H. rufa/T. viride. Trichoderma aureoviride/H. aureoviridis is a rare species, restricted to the UK and the Netherlands. We redefine T. aureoviride, limiting it to strains with very slow growth rate, effuse conidiation, and the ITS-1 and 2 sequence type D.
Chinese Tariff Rate Quota v.s. U.S. Subsidies: What Affects the World Cotton Market More?
Creators: name: Pan, Suwen
name: Welch, Mark
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Welch, Mark
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Ethridge, Don E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: cotton
subject: international trade
subject: subsidies
subject: TRQ

description: This paper compares how eliminating the Chinese cotton tariff rate quota (TRQ) and the U.S. cotton subsidy program would affect the world cotton market. The results show China's TRQ has a greater negative impact on the world cotton market than U.S. subsidies. Compared to a base level estimate, the elimination of China's TRQ will increase the world cotton price and increase the quantity of world cotton traded whereas the elimination of U.S. cotton subsidies increases the cotton price (but less than under TRQ elimination) and decreases the world cotton trade. The combined effect of eliminating both programs is also shown.
description: Paper replaced with new version 8/17/05
Spectroscopic Evidence for Charge Order Melting via Quantum Fluctuations in a Cuprate
Creators: name: Lee, W. S.
name: Zhou, K. J.
name: Hepting, M.
name: Li, J.
name: Nag, A.
name: Walters, A. C.
name: Garcia-Fernandez, M.
name: Robarts, H.
name: Hashimoto, M.
name: Lu, H.
name: Nosarzewski, B.
name: Song, D.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Shen, Z. X.
name: Moritz, B.
name: Zaanen, J.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Copper-oxide high TC superconductors possess a number of exotic orders co-existing with or proximal to superconductivity, whose quantum fluctuations may account for the unusual behaviors of the normal state, even affecting superconductivity. Yet, spectroscopic evidence about such quantum fluctuations remains elusive. Here, we reveal spectroscopic fingerprints for such fluctuations associated with a charge order (CO) in nearly optimally-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d, using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). In the superconducting state, while the quasi-elastic CO signal decreases with temperature, the interplay between CO fluctuations and bond-stretching phonons in the form of a Fano-like interference paradoxically increases, incompatible with expectations for competing orders. Invoking general principles, we argue that this behavior reflects the properties of a dissipative system near an order-disorder quantum critical point, where the dissipation varies with the opening of the pseudogap and superconducting gap at low temperatures, leading to the proliferation of quantum critical fluctuations which melt CO.
description: 24 pages, Supplementary Information included. This is the original submitted manuscript
3. A history of astrometry
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The motions of the stars and planets perplexed the curious minds of the  ancient world. Great advances in understanding our place in the Universe came in the Middle Ages, driven in part by the practical demands of navigation. Instrumental advances over the past few centuries have continued to drive scientific enquiry ever since.
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND THE CHOICE TO PURCHASE GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD
Creators: name: Abdulkadri, Abdullahi O.
name: Pinnock, Simone
name: Tennant, Paula F.
name: Abdulkadri, Abdullahi O.
name: Pinnock, Simone
name: Tennant, Paula F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper presents the results of a survey conducted on public perception of genetic engineering in Jamaica. Our findings suggest that the safety of genetically modified foods is a major concern for consumers and that the perception of the prospects for genetic engineering to improve the quality of life represents a major factor in a consumer's decision to purchase GM foods.
Social cognition in an adult epilepsy patient with developmental amnesia
Creators: name: Bauer, Julia
name: Grunwald, Thomas
name: Hans-Jürgen Huppertz
name: König, Kristina
name: Kohnen, Oona
name: Shala, Januz
name: Hennric Jokeit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Reports on social cognition in patients with developmental amnesia resulting from bilateral hippocampal lesions are rare, although the link between social cognition and temporal lobe structures is well established. We present the case of a 23-year-old male epilepsy patient, BM, with developmental amnesia due to perinatal cerebral hypoxia. The patient was examined with neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods and compared to IQ-matched patients with epilepsy to control for effects of epilepsy. In addition, we used a test battery that evaluates emotion recognition and theory of mind to study his social cognition abilities. Structural high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral hippocampal atrophy. The comparison to controls showed that, in addition to the well-documented memory disorders in developmental amnesia, BM showed remarkable deficits in 9 out of 17 social cognitive tasks assessing emotion recognition and theory of mind. In contrast, BM’s performance on tasks of executive functions was largely preserved. The relevance of deficits in social cognition for patients with developmental amnesia is discussed.
A substrateless, flexible, and water-resistant organic light-emitting diode
Creators: name: Keum, Changmin
name: Murawski, Caroline
name: Archer, Emily
name: Kwon, Seonil
name: Mischok, Andreas
name: Gather, Malte C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite widespread interest, ultrathin and highly flexible light-emitting devices that can be seamlessly integrated and used for flexible displays, wearables, and as bioimplants remain elusive. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with $μ$m-scale thickness and exceptional flexibility have been demonstrated but show insufficient stability in air and moist environments due to a lack of suitable encapsulation barriers. Here, we demonstrate an efficient and stable OLED with a total thickness of $\approx$12 $μ$m that can be fully immersed in water or cell nutrient media for weeks without suffering substantial degradation. The active layers of the device are embedded between conformal barriers formed by alternating layers of parylene-C and metal oxides that are deposited through a low temperature chemical vapour process. These barriers also confer stability of the OLED to repeated bending and to extensive postprocessing, e.g. via reactive gas plasmas, organic solvents, and photolithography. This unprecedented robustness opens up a wide range of novel possibilities for ultrathin OLEDs.
ARE LOG MARKETS COMPETITIVE? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CANADA-U.S. TRADE IN SOFTWOOD LUMBER
Creators: name: Niquidet, Kurt
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Niquidet, Kurt
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Under the U.S. Department of Commerce's 'changed circumstances' review, it is possible that the countervail duty on Canadian lumber can be lowered if administered stumpage prices are based on a transaction evidence appraisal - on actual auction data and regression analysis. The Province of British Columbia is implementing such a market-based approach to set stumpage fees, relying on timber auction data from the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program and OLS regression. We employ Program data to estimate a truncated regression model, comparing our estimates of stumpage fees with the OLS results. It turns out that the OLS approach is biased and likely results in overestimates of stumpage in some timber stands and underestimates in others. Further, we demonstrate that number of bidders has an important impact on bids.
Vehicular Livestock Mobility in West Africa: Seasonal Traffic Flows of Cattle, Sheep, and Goats across Bamako
Creators: name: Amprako, Louis Kwaku
name: Karg, Hanna Laura
name: Roessler, Regina
name: Provost, Jennifer
name: Akoto-Danso, Edmund Kyei
name: Sidibe, Seydou
name: Bürkert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: animal mobility
subject: sub-Sahara Africa
subject: truck distribution of livestock
subject: animal feed
subject: 590
subject: 630
subject: Westafrika
subject: Mobilität
subject: Tiertransport
subject: Verkehrsaufkommen
subject: Futtermittel
subject: Viehhandel
subject: Bamako

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Complexity of information processing in obsessive-compulsive disorder based on fractal analysis of EEG signal
Creators: name: Yazdi-Ravandi, Saeid
name: Mohammadi Arezooji, Dorsa
name: Matinnia, Nasrin
name: Shamsaei, Farshid
name: Ahmadpanah, Mohammad
name: Ghaleiha, Ali
name: Khosrowabadi, Reza
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: electroencephalography (EEG)
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
fractal analysis
Katz fractal dimension
complexity

description: The human brain is considered as a self-organizing system with self-similarities at various temporal and spatial scales called “fractals”. In this scale-free system, it is possible to decode the complexity of information processing using fractal behavior. For instance, the complexity of information processing in the brain can be evaluated by fractal dimensions (FDs). However, it is unclear how over-elaboration of information processing impacts the dimensionality of its fractal behavior. In this study, we hypothesized that FDs of electroencephalogram (EEG) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) should be higher than healthy controls (HCs) because of exaggeration of information processing mainly in the frontal regions. Therefore, a group of 39 OCDs (age: 34.76±8.22, 25 female, 3 left-handed) and 19 HCs (age: 31.94±8.22, 11 female, 1 left-handed) were recruited and their brain activities were recorded using a 19-channel EEG recorder in the eyes-open resting-state condition. Subsequently, fractal dimensions of the cleaned EEG data were calculated using Katz’s method in a frequency band-specific manner. After the test of normality, significant changes in the OCDs as compared to the HCs were calculated using a two-sample t-test. OCDs showed higher FDs in the frontal regions in all frequency bands as compared to HCs. Although, significant increases were only observed in the beta and lower gamma bands, mainly at the high beta. Interestingly, neurophysiological findings also show association with severity of obsessive behaviors. The results demonstrate that complexity of information processing in the brain follows an intimate nature of structural and functional impairments of the brain in OCD.
description: EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc642; ISSN 1611-2156
Assessing the recreation values at risk from wildfire: an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Neupane, Anish
name: Boxall, Peter C.
name: Pelletier, Rick
name: Neupane, Anish
name: Boxall, Peter C.
name: Pelletier, Rick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The levels of participation in various types of outdoor recreation in forested areas are substantial. Studies have shown that over 18.5 million days, representing approximately 80% of recreation user days, were spent by Canadians in recreational activities in forested lands. Furthermore, recreation has significant social and economic value that should be reflected in management decisions if sustainable forest management is to be achieved. The importance of recreation in forests has resulted in the selection of measures of recreation participation as one of the relevant indicators of sustainable forest management reporting in Canada. This suggests that recreation areas should be an important component of the values of forest at risk due to loss from wildfire. However, the presence of recreationists, who are considered to be the highest values at risk, dispersed on the fire prone landscape presents some issues for fire management agencies. These issues include the possibility of recreationists perishing in a wildfire and/or the possibility of fire starts as a result of recreation activities which are projected to increase into the future. For fire management agencies that strive to suppress all wildfires, the latter issue is particularly challenging when faced with resource constraints. Thus, a move away from suppression of all wildfires to suppression based on protecting highest values at risk is needed. An explicit incorporation of recreation values is advantageous in that these values are closely linked to the presence of recreationists. Therefore, during fire events, directing resources to high value recreation areas fulfill a fire management goal of protecting highest values at risk as well as identifying areas of the landscape where the suppression efforts are to be directed.
Observation of phonon trapping in the continuum with topological charges
Creators: name: Tong, Hao
name: Liu, Shengyan
name: Zhao, Mengdi
name: Fang, Kejie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon trapping has an immense impact in many areas of science and technology, from the antennas of interferometric gravitational wave detectors to chip-scale quantum micro- and nano-mechanical oscillators. It usually relies on the mechanical suspension--an approach, while isolating selected vibrational modes, leads to serious drawbacks for interrogation of the trapped phonons, including limited heat capacity and excess noises via measurements. To circumvent these constraints, we realize a new paradigm of phonon trapping using mechanical bound states in the continuum (BICs) with topological features and conducted an in-depth characterization of the mechanical losses both at room and cryogenic temperatures. Our findings of mechanical BICs combining the microwave frequency and macroscopic size unveil a unique platform for realizing mechanical oscillators in both classical and quantum regimes. The paradigm of mechanical BICs might lead to unprecedented sensing modalities for applications such as rare-event searches and the exploration of the foundations of quantum mechanics in unreached parameter spaces.
PRIVATE AND PUBLIC FOOD SAFETY CONTROL MECHANISMS: INTERDEPENDENCE AND EFFECTIVENESS
Creators: name: Mojduszka, Eliza M.
name: Mojduszka, Eliza M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food safety control mechanisms
subject: food safety recall insurance
subject: product liability
subject: traceability

description: In this paper, we propose new research methods and approaches in the area of food safety economics that would improve the allocation and effectiveness of private and public resources and efforts in ensuring food safety. The focus is on approaches that would build a comprehensive understanding of the interdependence between private and public food safety control mechanisms, including direct regulation by process and performance safety standards, traceability requirements, product liability, and product liability insurance; contribute to the development and analysis of loss control functions related to food safety hazards and to the assessment of the insurability of agricultural producers and food processors from such risks; as well as evaluate the impact of food safety hazards on producers and processors and determine whether and how businesses respond to food safety outbreaks affecting other businesses in the same industry.
Does Paying Referees Expedite Reviews?
Creators: name: Thompson, Gary D.
name: Aradhyula, Satheesh V.
name: Frisvold, George B.
name: Tronstad, Russell
name: Thompson, Gary D.
name: Aradhyula, Satheesh V.
name: Frisvold, George B.
name: Tronstad, Russell
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Time series evidence from the Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics suggests payments for on-time manuscript reviews can reduce review times. Some evidence suggests the effects of payments may attenuate over time.
Do expectancies influence choice of help-giver? : an exploratory examination of adolescents’ help-seeking from mothers, fathers, and friends
Creators: name: Sullivan, Kelli
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Of the research examining adolescent help-seeking in the family and peer context, there have been several consistent findings showing that the gender of the adolescent, age of the adolescent, and the specific topic of the problem all influence an adolescent's choice of informal help-giver. The purpose of this present study was to unite the adolescent helpseeking literature regarding gender, age, and specific problem type (e.g., Papini, Farmer, Clark, Micka, & Barnett, 1990; Schonert-Reichl & Muller, 1996; Seiffge-Krenke, 1995) with that of expected quality of responses by mother, father, and friend to better understand what criteria an adolescent uses when choosing a parent or friend as a potential help-giver. A sample of 89 adolescents in grades 8 and 11 answered questions in relation to 4 different scenarios. Findings indicate that adolescents are most likely to choose friends to help with interpersonal problems and most likely to select mothers to help with health and school problems. Expectations of expertise are important in selecting a mother or father as a potential help-giver while expectations of nurturance are influential in choosing a friend as a help-giver. Furthermore, when dealing with a stressful problem, early adolescents have higher expectations that their mothers will know how to help them, while girls have higher expectations that their friends will be supportive. Results are discussed in terms of adolescent help-seeking as having a dual function, that of a coping response and relationship development.
A MULTI-COUNTRY ASSESSMENT OF CONSUMER ATTITUDES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW LABELING SYSTEM
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun Seok
name: Kim, Kwansoo
name: Kim, Hyun Seok
name: Kim, Kwansoo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This paper estimates the willingness to pay (WTP) for non-genetically modified (GM) vegetable oil and tofu in Korea by using contingent valuation (CV) method and compares this WTP with Japan, Norway, Taiwan and the U.S. It also recovers the distribution of WTP by using a bootstrapping approach to provide a better measure of consumer's WTP on non-GM foods. Especially, we pay attention to the different characteristics of vegetable oil and tofu; vegetable oil made from GM soybeans doesn't have genetically altered protein, but tofu made from GM soybean has genetically altered protein. For this reason, vegetable oil made from GM soybeans is excluded from mandatory GM labeling system in Korea. Therefore, in this paper, the potential differences between WTP for non-GM vegetable oil and non-GM tofu are also investigated in order to evaluate the questions regarding the relevance of the introduction of new labeling system in Korea.