cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extraction of the second and fourth radial moments of nuclear charge density from the elastic electron-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Liu, Xiaoting
name: Wang, Xuezhi
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Xu, Chang
name: Ren, Zhongzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expression for the radial moments $\left\langle r^{n}\right\rangle_{c}$ of the nuclear charge density has been discussed under the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) method recently, which is significant to investigate the nuclear surface thickness and neutron distribution radius. In this paper, we extend the studies of extracting second-order moment $\left\langle r^{2}\right\rangle_{c}$ and fourth-order moment $\left\langle r^{4}\right\rangle_{c}$ from the Coulomb form factors $|F_{C}(q)|^2$ by the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) at the small momentum transfer $ q $ region. Based on the relativistic mean-field (RMF) calculations, the DWBA form factors $F_{C}^{DW}(q)$ are expanded into $ q^4 $, where the corresponding charge distributions are corrected by the contributions of neutron and spin-orbit densities. In the small $ q $ region, it is found that the experimental $|F_{C}(q)|^2$ can be well reproduced by considering the contributions of the $\left\langle r^{4}\right\rangle_{c}$ at the small $ q $ region. Through further analyzing the second-order and fourth-order expansion coefficients of the $F_{C}^{DW}(q)$, the relationship between the expansion coefficients and proton number $ Z $ is obtained. By the relationship, we extract the $\left\langle r^{2}\right\rangle_{c}$ and $\left\langle r^{4}\right\rangle_{c}$ from the limited experimental data of form factors at the small $ q $ region. Within the permissible range of error, the extracted $\left\langle r^{n}\right\rangle_{c}$ are consistent with the experimental data in this paper.
Multi-objective Feature Selection with Missing Data in Classification
Creators: name: Xue, Yu
name: Tang, Yihang
name: Xu, Xin
name: Liang, Jiayu
name: Neri, Ferrante
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.0
subject: 68-11

description: Feature selection (FS) is an important research topic in machine learning. Usually, FS is modelled as a+ bi-objective optimization problem whose objectives are: 1) classification accuracy; 2) number of features. One of the main issues in real-world applications is missing data. Databases with missing data are likely to be unreliable. Thus, FS performed on a data set missing some data is also unreliable. In order to directly control this issue plaguing the field, we propose in this study a novel modelling of FS: we include reliability as the third objective of the problem. In order to address the modified problem, we propose the application of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III). We selected six incomplete data sets from the University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository. We used the mean imputation method to deal with the missing data. In the experiments, k-nearest neighbors (K-NN) is used as the classifier to evaluate the feature subsets. Experimental results show that the proposed three-objective model coupled with NSGA-III efficiently addresses the FS problem for the six data sets included in this study.
description: 1
Data and scripts to reproduce research on seismological application of multiscale hybrid Earth models
Creators: name: Ajala, Rasheed
name: Persaud, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This includes data and scripts to reproduce the research on the wavefield predictions of multiscale hybrid Earth models near the southern San Andreas fault.
description: Southern California Earthquake Center research award 18074 (RA, PP) Southern California Earthquake Center research award 19014 (RA, PP) Southern California Earthquake Center research award 20023 (RA, PP) Society of Exploration Geophysicists Foundation scholarship (RA) Harvard Radcliffe Institute fellowship (PP)
Additional file 5 of Expression of transport proteins in the rete mirabile of european silver and yellow eel
Creators: name: Schneebauer, Gabriel
name: Drechsel, Victoria
name: Dirks, Ron
name: Faserl, Klaus
name: Sarg, Bettina
name: Pelster, Bernd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5.
Computational study of fluorescence scattering by silver nanoparticles
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Mustafa H.
name: Gray, Stephen K.
name: Pond, James
name: Geddes, Chris
name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Lakowicz, Joseph R.
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2007
Subjects: Optical absorption
Light sources
Computer simulation
Metal nanoparticles
Surface plasmon resonance
Mie scattering

description: We study the nature of fluorescence scattering by a radiating fluorophore placed near a metal nanoparticle with the finite-difference time-domain method. Angle-resolved light-scattering distributions are contrasted with those that result when ordinary plane waves are scattered by the nanoparticle. For certain sized nanoparticles and fluorophore dipoles oriented parallel to the metal surface, we find that the highest scattered fluorescence emission is directed back toward the fluorophore, which is very different from plane-wave scattering. The largest enhancements of far-field radiation are found when the dipole is oriented normal to the surface. We also examined the effect of the fluorophore on the near field around the particle. The fields can be enhanced or quenched compared to the isolated fluorophore and exhibit strong dependence on fluorophore orientation, as well as interesting spatial variations around the nanoparticle.
eBASCS: Disentangling Overlapping Astronomical Sources II, using Spatial, Spectral, and Temporal Information
Creators: name: Meyer, Antoine D.
name: van Dyk, David A.
name: Kashyap, Vinay L.
name: Campos, Luis F.
name: Jones, David E.
name: Siemiginowska, Aneta
name: Zezas, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of individual X-ray sources that appear in a crowded field can easily be compromised by the misallocation of recorded events to their originating sources. Even with a small number of sources, that nonetheless have overlapping point spread functions, the allocation of events to sources is a complex task that is subject to uncertainty. We develop a Bayesian method designed to sift high-energy photon events from multiple sources with overlapping point spread functions, leveraging the differences in their spatial, spectral, and temporal signatures. The method probabilistically assigns each event to a given source. Such a disentanglement allows more detailed spectral or temporal analysis to focus on the individual component in isolation, free of contamination from other sources or the background. We are also able to compute source parameters of interest like their locations, relative brightness, and background contamination, while accounting for the uncertainty in event assignments. Simulation studies that include event arrival time information demonstrate that the temporal component improves event disambiguation beyond using only spatial and spectral information. The proposed methods correctly allocate up to 65% more events than the corresponding algorithms that ignore event arrival time information. We apply our methods to two stellar X-ray binaries, UV Cet and HBC515 A, observed with Chandra. We demonstrate that our methods are capable of removing the contamination due to a strong flare on UV Cet B in its companion approximately 40 times weaker during that event, and that evidence for spectral variability at timescales of a few ks can be determined in HBC515 Aa and HBC515 Ab.
Metal-enhanced superoxide generation: A consequence of plasmon-enhanced triplet yields
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongxia
name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Previte, Michael J. R.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2007

description: The authors report significant enhancements in the generation of superoxide for fluorophores in close proximity to silver nanoparticles. A distance dependence study of the fluorophores from the metallic nanostructures, combined with carefully chosen control samples, confirms that the enhancements in superoxide generation are due to plasmon-enhanced triplet yields, a consequence of the distance dependent sensitizer extent of excitation. This observation strongly agrees with current models developed by the authors. Given that the generation of superoxide and other oxygen species is important for many chemical and biological applications, then we believe that our findings are likely to fuel a wealth of oxygen-based plasmon-enhanced triplet assays.
Coulomb energy contribution to the excitation energy in $^{229}$Th and enhanced effect of $α$ variation
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Auerbach, N.
name: Dmitriev, V. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the contribution of Coulomb energy to the spacing between the ground and first excited state of $^{229}$Th nucleus as a function of the deformation parameter $δ$. We show that despite the fact that the odd particle is a neutron, the change in Coulomb energy between these two states can reach several hundreds KeV.This means that the effect of the variation of the fine structure constant $α=e^2/\hbar c$ may be enhanced $ΔU_C/E \sim 10^4$ times in the $E=$7.6 eV "nuclear clock" transition between the ground and first excited states in the $^{229}$Th nucleus.
description: 6 pages,2 figures
Metal-enhanced fluorescence from copper substrates
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongxia
name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Previte, Michael J. R.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2007

description: In this letter, the authors report the observation of metal-enhanced fluorescence emission from fluorophores deposited on copper (Cu) substrates. Different thicknesses of Cu particulate films (from 1 to 5nm) were deposited onto glass slides using thermal vapor deposition. Fluorophores positioned in close proximity to the Cu films show fluorescence enhancement as a function of the Cu thickness increases, reaching a maximum (2.5-fold) at ?3nm. The findings strongly suggest that surface plasmons from Cu can radiate and therefore enhance a fluorophore’s spectral properties, similar to observations reported for both silver and gold nanoparticle deposited substrates.
Helium film may greatly increase the storage time of ultracold neutrons in material traps
Creators: name: Grigoriev, P. D.
name: Dyugaev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to increase both the neutron storage time and the precision of its lifetime measurements by at least tenfold. The storage of ultracold neutrons (UCN) in material traps now provides the most accurate measurements of neutron lifetime and is used in many other experiments. The precision of these measurements is limited by the interaction of UCN with the trap walls. We show that covering trap walls with liquid helium may strongly decrease the UCN losses from material traps. $^4$He does not absorb neutrons at all. Superfluid He covers the trap walls as a thin film, $\sim 10$ nm thick, due to the van der Waals attraction. However, this He film on a flat wall is too thin to protect the UCN from their absorption inside a trap material. By combining the van der Waals attraction with capillary effects we show that surface roughness may increase the thickness of this film much beyond the neutron penetration depth $\sim 33$nm. Using liquid He for UCN storage requires low temperature $T<0.5$ K to avoid neutron interaction with He vapor, while the neutron losses because of the interaction with surface waves are small and can be accounted for using their linear temperature dependence.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Treatment persistence to tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a secondary use of data analysis of patients in the IMADJIN® dataset
Creators: name: Thomas, Mark
name: Gois, Pedro Henrique Franca
name: Butcher, Belinda E.
name: Ta, Michelle H. T.
name: Van Wyk, Greg W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A Census of Baryons in Galaxy Clusters and Groups
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Zabludoff, Ann I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the contribution of stars in galaxies, intracluster stars, and the intracluster medium to the total baryon budget in nearby galaxy clusters and groups. We find that the baryon mass fraction (f_b) within r500 is constant for systems with M500 between 6e13 and 1e15 Msun. Although f_b is lower than the WMAP value, the shortfall is on the order of both the observational systematic uncertainties and the depletion of baryons within r500 that is predicted by simulations. The data therefore provide no compelling evidence for undetected baryonic components, particularly any that vary in importance with cluster mass. A unique feature of the current analysis is direct inclusion of the contribution of intracluster light (ICL) in the baryon budget. The increase in X-ray gas mass fraction with increasing total mass is entirely accounted for by a decrease in the total stellar mass fraction, supporting the argument that the behavior of both the stellar and X-ray gas components is dominated by a decrease in star formation efficiency in more massive environments. Within just the stellar component, the fraction of the total stellar luminosity in the BCG and ICL decreases as velocity dispersion increases, suggesting that the BCG+ICL component, and in particular the dominant ICL component, grows less efficiently in higher mass environments. The degree to which this behavior arises from our sample selection, which favored systems with central, giant elliptical galaxies, remains unclear. A more robust result is the identification of low mass groups with large BCG+ICL components, demonstrating that the creation of intracluster stars does not require a massive cluster environment. Within r500 and r200, the BCG+ICL contributes on average 40% and 33% of the total stellar light, respectively.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ
Metal Enhanced Fluorescence Solution-based Sensing Platform 2: Fluorescent Core-Shell Ag@SiO2 Nanoballs
Creators: name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Wu, Meng
name: Lakowicz, Joseph R.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2007
Subjects: Plasmonics
Fluorescence
Radiative decay engineering
Silver colloids
Solution sensing platform
Nanoparticles
Plasmon enhanced luminescence
Silver nanoparticles
Plasmon
Surface enhanced fluorescence
Metal-enhanced fluorescence
Plasmon enhanced fluorescence

description: In this Rapid Communication, we present the development of monodisperse core-shell (silver core-silica shell) nanoparticles with various shell thicknesses featuring a fluorophore, subsequently named Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF) nanoballs. MEF nanoballs consist of a ?130 nm silver nanoparticle core, a silica shell with up to 35 nm thickness and fluorophores doped within the silica shell. Fluorescent nanobubbles where the silver core is removed by chemical etching are used as control samples to show the benefits of using silver nanoparticles, i.e, Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence. Finally, we demonstrate the broad potential biological applications of MEF nanoballs by employing near-infra red emitting probes (Rhodamine 800) within the silica shell, for potential applications in cellular imaging and solution-based sensing.
Additional file 1 of Changes in psychosocial functioning among urban, school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Spencer, Andrea E.
name: Oblath, Rachel
name: Dayal, Rohan
name: Loubeau, J. Krystel
name: Lejeune, Julia
name: Sikov, Jennifer
name: Savage, Meera
name: Posse, Catalina
name: Jain, Sonal
name: Zolli, Nicole
name: Baul, Tithi D.
name: Ladino, Valeria
name: Ji, Chelsea
name: Kabrt, Jessica
name: Mousad, Lillian
name: Rabin, Megan
name: Murphy, J. Michael
name: Garg, Arvin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Mid-pandemic questionnaire.
Thread-paper based device for easy and fast glucose determinaton in whole blood samples.
Creators: name: Erenas, Miguel M
name: Vargas-Sansalvador, Isabel María Pérez De
name: Cantrell, Kevin
name: Orbe-Payá, Ignacio De
name: Capitán-Vallvey, Luis Fermín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: µTPAD
microfluidics
colorimetry
glucose
whole blood

description: In this study, we have developed a thread-paper microfluidic analytical device (µTPAD) for the determination of glucose directly in a whole blood sample. The analytical device is based on the enzymatic method for glucose in plasma using glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase combined with the chromogen TMB. Besides, all the analytical operations needed to perform the glucose determination have been included in the device itself, as it is red blood cell separation, conditioning, enzymatic recognition, and colorimetric transduction. To be possible the use of whole blood samples directly, a piece of separation membrane was located at the extreme of the cotton thread, where 3 µL of sample is dropped, retaining the blood cells from the sample and reaching to the cotton thread the free of cells plasma from sample. Later, it will be buffered to pH 7.4 thanks to the dry buffer retained along the thread. Finally, the sensing area of the device will turn into blue, depending on the glucose concentration in the sample. In order to register the analytical parameter, R/B from RGB color space, from the sensing area, a smartphone running a homemade app that is capable to analyze, in real time, the color of the sensing area was used. Consequently, the app analyzes the sensing area, determines when the R/B signal is steady and, finally, calculates the glucose concentration in the sample.
Additional file 1 of COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
Creators: name: Seposo, Xerxes
name: Madaniyazi, Lina
name: Ng, Chris Fook Sheng
name: Hashizume, Masahiro
name: Honda, Yasushi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Prefecture-specific HIAT, maximum temperature, and socio-demographic characteristics. Figure S1. All-period summer average temperature per prefecture (panel A) and the nationwide period-specific scatterplots (panel B). Figure S2. Prefecture-specific all-period exposure-response association. Figure S3. Prefecture-specific all-period lag association. Figure S4. Prefecture-specific, pre-pandemic (blue) and pandemic (green) exposure-response associations. Figure S5. Prefecture-specific, pre-pandemic (blue) and pandemic (green) lag associations. Figure S6. Sensitivity analyses for all-period (panel A) and period-specific exposure-response associations (panel B). Figure S7. Sensitivity analyses for all-period (panel A) and period-specific Lag associations (panel B). Figure S8. Sensitivity analysis of the knot parameterization for exposure (Panel A) and lag (Panel B) dimensions (in the case of Tokyo). Figure S9. Residual distribution accounting for seasonal patterns.
Functions of representations of the class 1 on the homogeneous spaces of the de Sitter group
Creators: name: Varlamov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 43A85; 43A90

description: Matrix elements and spherical functions of irreducible representations of the de Sitter group are studied on the various homogeneous spaces of this group.
description: 2 pages
Noiseless Loss Suppression for Entanglement Distribution
Creators: name: Nunn, Cory
name: Jones, Daniel E.
name: Pittman, Todd
name: Kirby, Brian T.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work by Mi?uda et al. (arXiv:1206.2852v1) suggests that pairing noiseless amplification with noiseless attenuation can conditionally suppress loss terms in the direct transmission of quantum states. Here we extend this work to entangled states: first, we explore bipartite states, specifically the two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) and NOON states; and second, we examine M-partite states, concentrating on W and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. In analogy with the original proposal, our results demonstrate that in each case under consideration, a correct combination of attenuation and amplification techniques before and after transmission through a pure loss channel can restore the initial quantum state. However, we find that for both W and NOON states, the noiseless attenuation is redundant and not required to achieve loss term suppression. This work clarifies the role of noiseless attenuation when paired with noiseless amplification for entanglement distribution and provides an operational example of how GHZ and W state entanglement differs.
Ground-state cooling of a micromechanical oscillator: generalized framework for cold damping and cavity-assisted cooling schemes
Creators: name: Genes, Claudiu
name: Vitali, David
name: Tombesi, Paolo
name: Gigan, Sylvain
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a general framework to describe cooling of a micromechanical oscillator to its quantum ground state by means of radiation-pressure coupling with a driven optical cavity. We apply it to two experimentally realized schemes, back-action cooling via a detuned cavity and cold-damping quantum-feedback cooling, and we determine the ultimate quantum limits of both schemes for the full parameter range of a stable cavity. While both allow to reach the oscillator's quantum ground state, we find that back-action cooling is more efficient in the good cavity limit, i.e. when the cavity bandwidth is smaller than the mechanical frequency, while cold damping is more suitable for the bad cavity limit. The results of previous treatments are recovered as limiting cases of specific parameter regimes.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Erratum of the published version included
Additional file 2 of Changes in psychosocial functioning among urban, school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Spencer, Andrea E.
name: Oblath, Rachel
name: Dayal, Rohan
name: Loubeau, J. Krystel
name: Lejeune, Julia
name: Sikov, Jennifer
name: Savage, Meera
name: Posse, Catalina
name: Jain, Sonal
name: Zolli, Nicole
name: Baul, Tithi D.
name: Ladino, Valeria
name: Ji, Chelsea
name: Kabrt, Jessica
name: Mousad, Lillian
name: Rabin, Megan
name: Murphy, J. Michael
name: Garg, Arvin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Content analysis of answers to the open-ended question: “Please tell us anything else you think is important about how coronavirus has impacted your child's health or well-being.
Ricci inverse gravity wormholes
Creators: name: Mustafa, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current study deals with the new wormhole solutions in the background of fourth order new modified Ricci inverse gravity. Two new classes of the wormhole solutions are analyzed by showing the valid region for the main part of wormhole geometry under the affect of involved parameters. The embedded diagrams for both generic shape functions are also presented, which are connecting upper and lower Universes. In order to check the existence of these wormhole solutions, energy conditions are included in the current analysis. In the maximum regions, all energy conditions are violated, which confirms the presence of exotic matter in the background of Ricci inverse gravity. Stability analysis for both wormhole solutions is explored within the scope of speed of sounds parameters. Conclusively, some highlights from this research confirm the realistic nature and viability of these wormhole solutions in Ricci inverse gravity.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, published in Physics Letters B
Literacy Faculty Perspectives During COVID: What Did We Learn?
Creators: name: Chen, Xiufang
name: Yang, Shuling
name: Esperat, Tala Karkar
name: Bollinger, Chelsey Bahlmann
name: Wige, Ann Van
name: Wilson, Nance
name: Pole, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Florida International University
Year: 2022

description: This multi-institutional collaborative survey research investigated graduate literacy faculty’s experiences and perceptions of teaching online during Covid-19 in the U.S.A. Results indicate faculty did not perceive limitations in these online learning environments. However, they encountered various challenges, and handling field experiences became the greatest challenge. Also reported were their mental and physical health concerns. Faculty participants realized they needed to be more student-centered with their online teaching. As faculty move toward post-pandemic course design and teaching, lessons learned during the pandemic can help build stronger and more equitable graduate literacy education programs.
Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Spanos, Vassilis C.
name: Stamou, Ioanna D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of supergravity corrections due to a linear and a bilinear term in the Kähler potential, in the context of a supersymmetric hybrid inflation model. By appropriate choice of the parameters associated to these terms, we are able to satisfy the main cosmological constraints for the spectral index $n_s$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. In addition, this model predicts primordial black hole abundance enough to account for the whole dark matter of the Universe and gravitational wave spectra within the reach of future detection experiments. The predictions of the model can be made compatible to the NANOGrav reported signal, at the cost of significantly lower primordial black hole abundance.
description: Latex file, 30 pages, 6 figures, analytical discussion updated, figures updated, references added
Additional file 1 of Corticosteroid injection or dry needling for musculoskeletal pain and disability? A systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Sousa Filho, Luis Fernando
name: Barbosa Santos, Marta Maria
name: dos Santos, Gabriel Henrique Freire
name: da Silva Júnior, Walderi Monteiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy.
Bridge evolution during the coalescence of immiscible droplets
Creators: name: Xu, Huadan
name: Wang, Tianyou
name: Che, Zhizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypothesis: Droplet coalescence is a common phenomenon and plays an important role in many applications. When two liquid droplets are brought into contact, a liquid bridge forms and expands quickly. Different from miscible droplets, an extra immiscible interface exists throughout the coalescence of immiscible droplets and is expected to affect the evolution of the liquid bridge, which has not been investigated. We hypothesized that the liquid bridge of immiscible droplets exhibits a different growth dynamics. Experiments: We experimentally study the coalescence dynamics of immiscible droplets. The evolution of the liquid bridge is measured and compared with miscible droplets. We also propose a theoretical model to analyze the effects of immiscibility. Findings: We find that immiscibility plays different roles in the viscous-dominated and inertia-dominated regimes. In the initial viscous-dominated regime, the coalescence of immiscible droplets follows the linear evolution of the bridge radius as that of miscible droplets. However, in the later inertia-dominated regime, the coalescence of immiscible droplets is slower than that of miscible droplets due to the water-oil interface. By developing a theoretical model based on the force balance, we show that this slower motion is due to the immiscible interface and the extra interfacial tension. In addition, a modified Ohnesorge number is proposed to characterize the transition from the viscous-dominated regime to the inertia-dominated regime.
Extraction and Sensitive Detection of Toxins A and B from the Human Pathogen Clostridium difficile in 40 Seconds Using Microwave-Accelerated Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence
Creators: name: Joshi, Lovleen Tina
name: Mali, Buddha L.
name: Geddes, Chris
name: Baillie, Les
Publisher: name: PLOS
Year: 2014
Subjects: Oligonucleotides
Clostridium difficile
Microwave radiation
Fluorescence
Gut bacteria
Bacterial spores
Toxins
Polymerase chain reaction

description: Clostridium difficile is the primary cause of antibiotic associated diarrhea in humans and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Thus the rapid and accurate identification of this pathogen in clinical samples, such as feces, is a key step in reducing the devastating impact of this disease. The bacterium produces two toxins, A and B, which are thought to be responsible for the majority of the pathology associated with the disease, although the relative contribution of each is currently a subject of debate. For this reason we have developed a rapid detection assay based on microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence which is capable of detecting the presence of 10 bacteria in unprocessed human feces within 40 seconds. These promising results suggest that this prototype biosensor has the potential to be developed into a rapid, point of care, real time diagnostic assay for C. difficile.
Deformation and breakup of compound droplets in airflow
Creators: name: Xu, Zhikun
name: Zhang, Yue
name: Wang, Tianyou
name: Che, Zhizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypothesis: Immiscible liquids are commonly used to achieve unique functions in many applications, where the breakup of compound droplets in airflow is an important process. Due to the existence of the liquid-liquid interface, compound droplets are expected to form different deformation and breakup morphologies compared with single-component droplets. Experiments: We investigate experimentally the deformation and breakup of compound droplets in airflow. The deformation characteristics of compound droplets are quantitatively analyzed and compared with single-component droplets. Theoretical models are proposed to analyze the transition between breakup morphologies. Findings: The breakup modes of compound droplets are classified into shell retraction, shell breakup, and core-shell breakup based on the location where the breakup occurs. The comparison with single-component droplets reveals that the compound droplet is stretched more in the flow direction and expands less in the cross-flow direction, and these differences occur when the core of the compound droplet protrudes into the airflow. The transition conditions between different breakup modes are obtained theoretically. In addition, the eccentricity of the compound droplet can lead to the formation of the thick ligament or the two stamens in the droplet middle.
Additional file 1 of Racial and weight discrimination associations with pain intensity and pain interference in an ethnically diverse sample of adults with obesity: a baseline analysis of the clustered randomized-controlled clinical trial the goals for eating and moving (GEM) study
Creators: name: Merriwether, Ericka N.
name: Wittleder, Sandra
name: Cho, Gawon
name: Bogan, Eushavia
name: Thomas, Rachel
name: Bostwick, Naja
name: Wang, Binhuan
name: Ravenell, Joseph
name: Jay, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Frequencies of participants’ gender by race/ethnicity. Table S2. Descriptive Statistics and Spearman’s rho Correlations for Study Variables. Table S3. Results Of Mann–Whitney U tests To Investigate Differences Between Patients Who Experienced WD And Who Did Not Experience WD. Table S4. Pain Interference. Table S5. Pain Intensity.
Three loop heavy quark form factors and their asymptotic behavior
Creators: name: Ablinger, J.
name: Blümlein, J.
name: Marquard, P.
name: Rana, Narayan
name: Schneider, C.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2019

description: A summary of the calculation of the color-planar and complete light quark contributions to the massive three-loop form factors is presented. Here a novel calculation method for the Feynman integrals is used, solving general uni-variate first order factorizable systems of differential equations. We also present predictions for the asymptotic structure of these form factors.
Z boson production in proton-lead collisions at the LHC accounting for transverse momenta of initial partons
Creators: name: Blanco, E.
name: Van Hameren, A.
name: Jung, Hannes
name: Kusina, Alexander
name: Kutak, K.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: transverse momentum: momentum spectrum
parton: distribution function
boson: production
transverse momentum: factorization
Z0: production
lead: nucleus
CERN LHC Coll
transverse momentum dependence
off-shell
CMS

description: We perform a calculation of inclusive $Z$ boson production in proton-lead collisions at the LHC taking into account the transverse momenta of the initial partons. We use the framework of $k_T$-factorization combining transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) with off-shell matrix elements. In order to do it we need to construct appropriate TMDs for lead nuclei which is done using the parton branching method. Our computations are compared with data from CMS taken at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV. The results are in good agreement with the measurements especially the transverse momentum distribution of the $Z$ boson.
The Non-Existence of Block-Transitive Subspace Designs - Supplementary Materials
Creators: name: Hawtin, Daniel R.
name: Lansdown, Jesse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: block-transitive subspace designs

description: Supplementary materials for the paper "The Non-Existence of Block-Transitive Subspace Designs" containing GAP code for verifying the non-existence of 2-(11,5,5)_2 designs having an automorphism group isomorphic to ΓL_1(2^11).
description: The first author is supported by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project 6732. The second author acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council Discovery Grant DP200101951. This work was supported by resources provided by the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre with funding from the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia.
Additional file 1 of Shen-Zhi-Ling oral liquid ameliorates cerebral glucose metabolism disorder in early AD via insulin signal transduction pathway in vivo and in vitro
Creators: name: Qin, Gaofeng
name: Dong, Yunfang
name: Liu, Zhenhong
name: Gong, Zhuoyan
name: Gao, Chenyan
name: Zheng, Mingcui
name: Tian, Meijing
name: He, Yannan
name: Zhong, Liqun
name: Wang, Pengwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The specific modeling method and model identification.
Coalescence of immiscible droplets in liquid environments
Creators: name: Xu, Huadan
name: Wang, Tianyou
name: Che, Zhizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypothesis: Droplet coalescence process is important in many applications and has been studied extensively when two droplets are surrounded by gas. However, the coalescence dynamics would be different when the two droplets are surrounded by an external viscous liquid. The coalescence of immiscible droplets in liquids has not been explored. Experiments: In the present research, the coalescence of two immiscible droplets in low- and high-viscosity liquids is investigated and compared with their miscible counterparts experimentally. The coalescence dynamics is investigated via high-speed imaging, and theoretical models are proposed to analyze the growth of the liquid bridge. Findings: We find that, the liquid bridge $r$ evolves differently due to the constraint from the triple line in the bridge region, which follows $r\propto {{t}^{{2}/{3}}}$ for low-viscosity surroundings. While for high-viscosity surroundings, the liquid bridge grows at a constant velocity ${{u}_{r}}$ which varies with the surrounding viscosity ${{μ}_{s}}$ as ${{u}_{r}}\propto {{μ}_{s}}^{{1}/{2}}$. In the later stage of the bridge growth, the bridge evolution again merges with the well-established power-law regime $r\propto {{t}^{{1}/{2}}}$, being either in low or high-viscosity liquids. Moreover, a new inertia-viscous-capillary timescale is proposed, which unifies the combined influence of inertia, viscous, and capillary forces on the evolution of the liquid bridge in liquid environments, highlighting the joint role of inertia and viscous resistance in the coalescence process.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
An Anomaly Event Detection Method Based on GNN Algorithm for Multi-data Sources
Creators: name: Ji, Yipeng
name: Wang, Jingyi
name: Li, Shaoning
name: Li, Yangyang
name: Lin, Shenwen
name: Li, Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomaly event detection is crucial for critical infrastructure security(transportation system, social-ecological sector, insurance service, government sector etc.) due to its ability to reveal and address the potential cyber-threats in advance by analysing the data(messages, microblogs, logs etc.) from digital systems and networks. However, the convenience and applicability of smart devices and the maturity of connected technology make the social anomaly events data multi-source and dynamic, which result in the inadaptability for multi-source data detection and thus affect the critical infrastructure security. To effectively address the proposed problems, in this paper, we design a novel anomaly detection method based on multi-source data. First, we leverage spectral clustering algorithm for feature extraction and fusion of multiple data sources. Second, by harnessing the power of deep graph neural network(Deep-GNN), we perform a fine-gained anomaly social event detection, revealing the threatening events and guarantee the critical infrastructure security. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework outperforms other baseline anomaly event detection methods and shows high tracking accuracy, strong robustness and stability.
description: Accepted by BSCI 2021
In Situ Enzymatic Conversion of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 Biomass into Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
Creators: name: Wang, Yao
name: Lee, Yi-Ying
name: Santaus, Tonya
name: Newcomb, Charles E.
name: Liu, Jin
name: Geddes, Chris
name: Zhang, Chengwu
name: Hu, Qiang
name: Li, Yantao
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2017
Subjects: Lipase
Biomass
Biofuel
Nannochloropsis oceanica
Environmental Chemistry
In situ enzymatic conversion
Fatty acid methyl ester

description: Conventionally, production of methyl ester fuels from microalgae occurs through an energy-intensive two-step chemical extraction and transesterification process. To improve the energy efficiency, we performed in situ enzymatic conversion of whole algae biomass from an oleaginous heterokont microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 with the immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica. The fatty acid methyl ester yield reached 107.7% for dry Nannochloropsis biomass at biomass to t-butanol to methanol weight ratio of 1:2:0.5 and a reaction time of 12 h at 25 °C, representing the first report of efficient whole algae biomass conversion into fatty acid methyl esters at room temperature. Different forms of algal biomass including wet Nannochloropsis biomass were tested. The maximum yield of wet biomass was 81.5%. Enzyme activity remained higher than 95% after 55 days of treatment (equal to 110 cycles of reaction) under the conditions optimized for dry algae biomass conversion. The low reaction temperature, high enzyme stability, and high yield from this study indicate in situ enzymatic conversion of dry algae biomass may potentially be used as an energy-efficient method for algal methyl ester fuel production while allowing co-product recovery.
Additional file 2 of Shen-Zhi-Ling oral liquid ameliorates cerebral glucose metabolism disorder in early AD via insulin signal transduction pathway in vivo and in vitro
Creators: name: Qin, Gaofeng
name: Dong, Yunfang
name: Liu, Zhenhong
name: Gong, Zhuoyan
name: Gao, Chenyan
name: Zheng, Mingcui
name: Tian, Meijing
name: He, Yannan
name: Zhong, Liqun
name: Wang, Pengwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Identification of components of SZL into blood.
The actions of calcium antagonists on arrhythmias and other responses to myocardial ischaemia in the rat
Creators: name: Curtis, Michael John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Studies were carried out in order to examine the actions of calcium antagonists in acute myocardial ischaemia and the mechanism(s) responsible for these actions; the scientific hypothesis under test was that calcium antagonism in the ventricles is antiarrhythmic in acute myocardial ischaemia. In addition, experiments were carried out to investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in arrhythmogenesis. The actions of seven calcium antagonists on responses to myocardial ischaemia were investigated in vivo using the conscious rat preparation. It was found that the drugs with identifiable actions in the heart attributable to calcium antagonism possessed antiarrhythmic activity, whereas the drugs producing only systemic vasodilatation were without tangible antiarrhythmic activity. The results were taken as evidence in support of the main hypothesis (above). In no instance did any of the drugs produce consistent dose-dependent -infarct-reducing actions. It was established from the comparison of the optical enantiomers of verapamil that antiarrhythmic potency corresponded with calcium antagonist potency. It was also shown that these drugs appeared to have no effect on g[sub Na] in the heart in vivo (as predicted from work by others, in vitro). Evidence that arrhythmias were reduced as a result of effects on i[sub si] in the ischaemic ventricle was accrued from several studies. In isolated Langendorff-perfused rat ventricles the calcium antagonist activity of the verapamil enantiomers was greatly potentiated by raising K⁺ concentration to levels seen during acute myocardial ischaemia, whereas nifedipine, which showed little if any antiarrhythmic activity in vivo did not show marked K⁺ -dependent calcium antagonist activity. In a separate series of experiments it was demonstrated that serial ablations in the CNS had profound effects on occlusion-induced arrhythmias, but that these effects occurred independently of the level of adrenoceptor activation. It was hypothesised that surgery reduced ischaemia-induced arrhythmias, by virtue of either its effects on serum K⁺ concentration or its effects on the number of circulating thrombocytes.