cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Proximity Effect in Crystalline Framework Materials: Stacking-Induced Functionality in MOFs and COFs
Creators: name: Kuc, Agnieszka
name: Springer, Maximilian A.
name: Batra, Kamal
name: Juarez-Mosqueda, Rosalba
name: Wöll, Christof
name: Heine, Thomas
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) consist of molecular building blocks being stitched together by strong bonds. They are well known for their porosity, large surface area, and related properties. The electronic properties of most MOFs and COFs are the superposition of those of their constituting building blocks. If crystalline, however, solid-state phenomena can be observed, such as electrical conductivity, substantial dispersion of electronic bands, broadened absorption bands, formation of excimer states, mobile charge carriers, and indirect band gaps. These effects emerge often by the proximity effect caused by van der Waals interactions between stacked aromatic building blocks. Herein, it is shown how functionality is imposed by this proximity effect, that is, by stacking aromatic molecules in such a way that extraordinary properties emerge in MOFs and COFs. After discussing the proximity effect in graphene-related materials, its importance for layered COFs and MOFs is shown. For MOFs with well-defined structure, the stacks of aromatic building blocks can be controlled via varying MOF topology, lattice constant, and by attaching steric control units. Finally, an overview of theoretical methods to predict and analyze these effects is given, before the layer-by-layer growth technique for well-ordered surface-mounted MOFs is summarized.
The Structural Equation Modelling of Factors Affecting Financial Contribution Intention and Behavior Via Investment Crowdfunding in Social Enterprise in Thailand
Creators: name: Pimporn Chewananth
Publisher: name: Kasetsart Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Crowdfunding, Investment Crowdfunding, Theory of Planned Behavior, Social Enterprise

description: Kasetsart Applied Business Journal, 15, 23, 79-98.
The effect of combined use of plybamboo sheathings and self-tapping screws in enhancing wood-frame shear wall performance
Creators: name: Zhang, Baihao
name: Dong, Li
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Wang, Zhiqiang
name: Wang, Jian
name: Ling, Zhibin
name: Shi, Benkai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Plybamboo panels are renewable and eco-friendly structural panels with high strength, good dimensional stability, and affordability, making them highly suitable for wood-frame construction. This study presents an experimental investigation of the wood-frame shear wall constructed with plybamboo-sheathing panels with self-tapping screws (STSs) subjected to monotonic and cyclic loadings. Performance parameters including shear strength, elastic shear modulus, ductility ratio, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation were evaluated. Results indicate that the combined use of plybamboo sheathings and STSs can substantially reduce failures due to the tearing of sheathing, fastener head pull-through, and fastener withdrawal. The plybamboo-sheathed wood-frame shear walls with STSs had over 1.8 times shear strength and 1.4 times ultimate displacement than those of comparable wood-frame shear walls with nails, respectively, maintaining over 80% of their maximum lateral load capacity at a drift level over 4%. Moreover, the influence of aspect ratio and screw spacing on the elastic shear modulus, shear strength, and stiffness degradation of the plybamboo-sheathed wood-frame shear walls with STSs are consistent with those for common wood-frame shear walls.
Comprehensive clinical profiling of the Gauting locoregional lung adenocarcinoma donors
Creators: name: Klotz, Laura V.
name: Courty, Yves
name: Lindner, Michael
name: Petit-Courty, Agnès
name: Stowasser, Anja
name: Koch, Ina
name: Eichhorn, Martin E.
name: Lilis, Ioannis
name: Morresi-Hauf, Alicia
name: Arendt, Kristina A. M.
name: Pepe, Mario
name: Giopanou, Ioanna
name: Ntaliarda, Giannoula
name: Behrend, Sabine J.
name: Oplopoiou, Maria
name: Gissot, Valérie
name: Guyetant, Serge
name: Marchand-Adam, Sylvain
name: Behr, Jürgen
name: Kaiser, Jan-Christian
name: Hatz, Rudolf A.
name: Lamort, Anne-Sophie
name: Stathopoulos, Georgios T.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract A comprehensive characterization of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) clinical features is currently missing. We prospectively evaluated Caucasian patients with early-stage LADC. Patients with LADC diagnosed between 2011 and 2015 were prospectively assessed for lung resection with curative intent. Fifty clinical, pathologic, radiologic, and molecular variables were recorded. Patients were followed till death/study conclusion. The main findings were compared to a separate cohort from France. Of 1943 patients evaluated, 366 were enrolled (18.8%; 181 female; 75 never-smokers; 28% of registered Bavarian cases over the study period). Smoking and obstruction were significantly more prevalent in GLAD compared with adult Bavarians (P 7.5 and 3.6 years, respectively. Patients aged <45 or >65 years, resected >60 days postdiagnosis, with abnormal FVC/DLCOVA, N2/N3 stage, or solid histology had significantly decreased survival estimates. These were fit into a weighted locoregional LADC death risk score that outperformed pTNM7 in predicting survival in the GLAD and in our second cohort. We define the clinical gestalt of locoregional LADC and provide a new clinical tool to predict survival, findings that may aid future management and research design.
Present Situation and Problems of the Application of New Media in Rural E-commerce:A Case Study of Anhui Province
Creators: name: CAO Shuhua
name: HU Yujun
name: FU Peijun
name: CAO Shuhua
name: HU Yujun
name: FU Peijun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: New media, Rural e-commerce, Farmer e-commerce, Anhui Province

description: The application of new media technology in rural areas of China provides more convenient conditions for agricultural products publicity, transaction information dissemination and user feedback. In particular, e-commerce platform based on Internet technology provides more convenient sales channels for characteristic agricultural products. Through the research on the application of new media technology in rural areas of Anhui Province, this paper explores the actual effect of new media technology on the development of rural e-commerce. The questionnaire survey is used to understand the development status of new media in rural areas of China. They are: the development of "Internet government affairs" has begun to take shape; The official account of WeChat has shortened the time and space between the production and consumption of agricultural products. Live interaction gives full play to the powerful role of fan economy; Digital media has not been widely used. Through the form of on-the-spot visits, this paper expounds the application effect of new media in the agricultural field of Anhui Province from three perspectives of the government, agricultural enterprises and farmers. It analyzes the problems existing in the application of new media in rural e-commerce in Anhui Province. They are: the new media market is still full of problems; The infrastructure construction of rural e-commerce is relatively poor; Farmers lack the guidance of professional talents; Farmers' acceptance and learning ability is poor. The paper puts forward suggestions for the development status and problems of new media in rural areas of Anhui Province. They are: the provincial government should continue to promote the new media market order; all e-commerce enterprises should actively undertake social responsibility; rural e-commerce entrepreneurs should actively promote professional operation; farmers should actively change their views on new media.
Economic Returns to Boll Weevil Eradication
Creators: name: Carlson, Gerald A.
name: Sappie, Glen
name: Hammig, Michael
name: Carlson, Gerald A.
name: Sappie, Glen
name: Hammig, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Boll weevil
subject: eradication
subject: pest control
subject: rate of return
subject: pesticide savings
subject: yield gain
subject: acreage adjustments

description: A cotton boll weevil eradication program in North and South Carolina during 1978-87 achieved a very high rate of return, mainly from increased yields, lower pesticide spending, and added value of cotton land. This study evaluates economic returns of a pest control program encompassing a large geographical area and the joint efforts of farmers and public agencies, in contrast to pest control efforts by individuals, which can be less successful. The eradication program yielded an annual rate of return of 187 percent for farmers; 97 percent when all public costs are included. Fewer applications of pesticides following eradication also benefit the environment.
Photonic spectral density of coupled microwave cavities
Creators: name: Ziegler, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a pair of anharmonic microwave cavities that is connected by an optical fiber. The photonic spectral density characterizes the evolution of the coupled cavities after the system has been prepared in a Fock or N00N state. We evaluate the photonic spectral density within the recursive projection method and find that the anharmonicity has no substantial effect on the spectral properties. In all cases the photonic spectral density has a Gaussian envelope for large photon numbers.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Improvement to the statistical sensitivity of top quark pair production in conjunction with additional heavy flavour jets through multivariate analysis
Creators: name: Van Rossem, Mackenzie Peter Fulford
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: With the mass of the discovered Higgs-like boson being 125 GeV, this leads to a primary Higgs decay mode to two bottom (b) jets. A precise measurement of top-pair (tt̄) production in conjunction with two additional b-jets is essential to reduce the background uncertainty on the tt̄ + Higgs production cross-section, a direct probe of the Higgs to Yukawa coupling. This thesis attempts to improve on the statistical sensitivity of tt̄ production in conjunction with two additional heavy-flavour jets, using expected sensitivities from 20.3 fb-¹ of pp collision data at √s = 8TeV, collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. This thesis compares multiple multivariate analysis techniques, boosted decision trees and artificial neural networks, in both binary and multi-class classification cases. An overall improvement in precision was seen, from 19.7% uncertainty on the baseline tt̄ + bb̄ measurement based on a fit to the best single variable, to 16.1% uncertainty with the very best multi-class neural network algorithm. This represents a relative improvement of nearly 20% and could thus reduce luminosity needed for a precision measurement of this process.
African performance epistemology: fundamental indigenous creative theories and philosophies for application in contemporary music education
Creators: name: NZEWI, O’DYKE
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Music

description: Music curricula in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa have been for a long time shaped by Western paradigms and exogenous pedagogic theories. A major result of the above reality is the undermining of the philosophy that guides creativity in indigenous musical arts practice of most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, which is informed by an indigenous knowledge system birthed in the crucible of the people’s distinctive history, philosophy, creative theory, geographical location and cross-cultural influences. Another cost of this purely Western paradigm in the music education of African musical artists is the loss of the opportunity to inculcate the humanistic and communal values that are the bedrock of indigenous musical arts education. There is, therefore, the need to re-evaluate the content of African musical arts discipline as it is currently taught in schools and nudge it towards being in decent communion with African performance epistemology. Drawing from my over twenty-five-year experience in the teaching and learning of indigenous African music and my personal practice as an African classical drummer, I investigate in this research the possibilities for identifying creative formulations that could be harnessed for classroom education and performance across the African continent, and the humanity-based philosophies and values embedded in indigenous cultural arts practices that can be harnessed for molding learners towards exemplary citizenry. Since it is an arts-practice research, the primary research method is qualitative, drawing insights and data from interviews, articles, feedbacks from student journals and interactions with students and so on. Experimenting with the teaching and performance of two pieces, with the first subjects being Western-trained non-African students of music and the second comprised of local African performers with no Western music education, I compare and contrast the differences between the two performances in terms of the pedagogic process, content and genre, and the impact of the methodological approach. The two performances adopted an indigenous knowledge approach to the teaching and learning of indigenous African music. The preparation of the two performances demonstrated that the application of this pedagogic approach in contrasting contexts is possible and that a deep and introspective engagement with theepistemology of African indigenous performance practices provides a viable model for musical arts education pedagogy. The research finds also that what remains is to formalize this approach like the existing non-African theories of music education.
Analysis of future changes in meteorological drought patterns in Fulda, Germany
Creators: name: Chamorro, Alejandro
name: Ivanov, Martin
name: Tölle, Merja Helena
name: Luterbacher, Jürg
name: Breuer, Lutz
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Meteorological droughts have large impacts on society and the environment. A better understanding and quantification of their occurrences can be highly relevant for the development of proper climate change mitigation, adaptation and resilience strategies. Here we examine meteorological droughts from observed data covering the 1971–2000 period for the Fulda catchment in Germany by means of the Standardized Precipitation Index. The joint dependency of drought duration and severity is modelled by a copula function, which relates their univariate distributions in a functional relationship. Recurrence intervals are further calculated as a function of the joint relationship and univariate marginals. Future projections are investigated in which downscaled EURO-CORDEX Regional Climate Model (RCM) projections for the period 2021–2050 are used together with the three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, in order to analyse and compare future joint patterns of duration and severity of events. We find that drought duration and severity present a clear interdependency supporting the choice of a bivariate model. Results suggest substantial differences in the future joint relationship duration–severity. Depending on the RCM and RCP, drought patterns show different magnitude of changes in the future. The projected changes are different for the different returns periods. RCP8.5 shows more severe events and longer drought durations than RCP2.6 and RCP4.5. The uncertainties of the projected patterns also depend on the RCP and RCM and are larger for higher return periods.
Nickela-electrocatalyzed C−H Alkoxylation with Secondary Alcohols: Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination at Nickel(III)
Creators: name: Zhang, Shou-Kun
name: Struwe, Julia
name: Hu, Lianrui
name: Ackermann, Lutz
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Nickela-electrooxidative C−H alkoxylations with challenging secondary alcohols were accomplished in a fully dehydrogenative fashion, thereby avoiding stoichiometric chemical oxidants, with H2 as the only stoichiometric byproduct. The nickela-electrocatalyzed oxygenation proved viable with various (hetero)arenes, including naturally occurring secondary alcohols, without racemization. Detailed mechanistic investigation, including DFT calculations and cyclovoltammetric studies of a well-defined C−H activated nickel(III) intermediate, suggest an oxidation-induced reductive elimination at nickel(III).
Regioselektive Funktionalisierung von [2.2]Paracyclophanen: aktuelle Synthesefortschritte und Perspektiven
Creators: name: Hassan, Zahid
name: Spuling, Eduard
name: Knoll, Daniel M.
name: Bräse, Stefan
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract [2.2]Paracyclophan (PCP) ist ein häufig genutztes Grundgerüst in der asymmetrischen Synthese, in π-gestapelten Polymeren, in Energiematerialien sowie in funktionellen Parylenbeschichtungen, die breite Anwendung in der Biologie und den Materialwissenschaften finden. Die [2.2]Paracyclophanchemie hat in den letzten Jahren enorme Fortschritte gemacht, sodass nun eine genaue präparative Abstimmung der strukturellen und funktionellen Eigenschaften möglich ist. Dieser Kurzaufsatz zeigt die wichtigsten aktuellen Syntheseentwicklungen bei der selektiven Funktionalisierung von PCP auf, die die besonderen Merkmale der planaren Chiralität sowie der chiroptischen und optoelektronischen Eigenschaften bestimmen. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt dabei dem funktionsorientierten Design von [2.2]Paracyclophan-basierten, π-gestapelten, konjugierten Materialien mithilfe übergangsmetallkatalysierter Kreuzkupplungen. Zudem werden aktuelle präparative Herausforderungen, Grenzen und zukünftige Forschungsfelder sowie neue Wege zur Weiterentwicklung der Cyclophanchemie zusammengefasst.
Neue Glieder der Stuttgarter Pflanzenwelt
Creators: name: Kreh, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1928

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 84, 1928
Silica entry and accumulation in standing trees in a hot-spring environment: cellular pathways, rapid pace and fossilization potential
Creators: name: Liesegang, Moritz
name: Gee, Carole T.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Silicification is the most important process of fossilization resulting in the preservation of internal tissues in plants, thereby providing essential information on the anatomy, life history, and evolution of land plants. However, fundamental knowledge of silica uptake, precipitation, and contribution to in situ plant fossilization is limited. To identify the cellular pathway of aqueous silica and subsequent fluid–wood interaction processes, we investigated upright standing young trees of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) in the hot-spring environment of Cistern Spring, Yellowstone National Park, USA. Our multi-method analytical approach using x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalyses shows that the surficial and internally co-precipitated silica–halite–gypsum assemblage traces the flow of silica-rich fluid and documents fluid retention after short-term hot-spring water immersion and evaporation. Element distribution maps reveal systematic 2D and 3D differences between silica quantities deposited in earlywood and latewood. The distribution of inorganic impurities in cell walls traces the anatomical structure of the wood and indicates rapid migration of homogeneous fluid into the waterlogged organic substrate. Our results show that the preferential pathway of silica-rich fluid into the above-ground wood was through the decorticated periphery which took place during a short-term flooding, ranging from days to weeks, of hot-spring fluid. In conclusion, the fluid retention capability in cellular pore space controls the in situ silicification process. The silicification of trees in growth position is a rapid process in which the in vivo transport of silica-rich fluid upward through the secondary xylem plays an insignificant role.
Defending the future: An MSc module in End User Computing Risk Management
Creators: name: Thorne, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes the rationale, curriculum and subject matter of a new MSc module being taught on an MSc Finance and Information Management course at the University of Wales Institute in Cardiff. Academic research on spreadsheet risks now has some penetration in academic literature and there is a growing body of knowledge on the subjects of spreadsheet error, human factors, spreadsheet engineering, "best practice", spreadsheet risk management and various techniques used to mitigate spreadsheet errors. This new MSc module in End User Computing Risk Management is an attempt to pull all of this research and practitioner experience together to arm the next generation of finance spreadsheet champions with the relevant knowledge, techniques and critical perspective on an emerging discipline.
description: 9 Pages, 1 Table
Kupferkatalysierte Triborierung: Einfache, atomökonomische Synthese von 1,1,1-Triborylalkanen aus terminalen Alkinen und HBpin
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaocui
name: Ming, Wenbo
name: Zhang, Yixiao
name: Friedrich, Alexandra
name: Marder, Todd B.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Eine effiziente, einstufige Synthese von 1,1,1-Trialkylalkanen durch die sequenzielle, dehydrierende Borylierung und zweifache Hydroborierung von terminalen Alkinen mit Pinakolboran (HBpin) wurde unter Verwendung des kostengünstigen und einfach zugänglichen Kupfersalzes Cu(OAc)2 als Katalysator realisiert. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich durch ein breites Substratspektrum, eine außerordentliche Selektivität und eine hohe Toleranz gegenüber funktionellen Gruppen aus. Zudem kann die Reaktion ohne Ausbeuteverlust im Gramm-Maßstab durchgeführt werden. Die somit erhaltenen 1,1,1-Trialkylalkane können Anwendungen in der Herstellung von synthetisch wertvollen und bislang schwer zugänglichen α-Vinylboronaten und zyklischen Boryl-Verbindungen finden. Verschiedene Alkylgruppen können stufenweise über eine basenvermittelte deborylierende Alkylierung eingeführt werden, um racemische, tertiäre Alkylboronate herzustellen, die einfach in nützliche tertiäre Alkohole umgewandelt werden können.
Highly spin-polarized conducting state at the interface between non-magnetic band insulators: LaAlO3/FeS2 (001)
Creators: name: Burton, J. D.
name: Tsymbal, E. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles density functional calculations demonstrate that a spin-polarized two-dimensional conducting state can be realized at the interface between two non-magnetic band insulators. The (001) surface of the diamagnetic insulator FeS2 (pyrite) supports a localized surface state deriving from Fe d-orbitals near the conduction band minimum. The deposition of a few unit cells of the polar perovskite oxide LaAlO3 leads to electron transfer into these surface bands, thereby creating a conducting interface. The occupation of these narrow bands leads to an exchange splitting between the spin sub-bands, yielding a highly spin-polarized conducting state distinct from the rest of the non-magnetic, insulating bulk. Such an interface presents intriguing possibilities for spintronics applications.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Photochemistry with Cyanines in the Near Infrared: A Step to Chemistry 4.0 Technologies
Creators: name: Strehmel, Bernd
name: Schmitz, Christian
name: Cremanns, Kevin
name: Göttert, Jost
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Cyanines covering the absorption in the near infrared (NIR) are attractive for distinct applications. They can interact either with lasers exhibiting line-shaped focus emitting at both 808 and 980 nm or bright high intensity NIR-LEDs with 805 nm emission, respectively. This is drawing attention to Industry 4.0 applications. The major deactivation occurs through a non-radiative process resulting in the release of heat into the surrounding, although a small fraction of radiative deactivation also takes place. Most of these NIR-sensitive systems possess an internal activation barrier to react in a photonic process with initiators resulting in the generation of reactive radicals and acidic cations. Thus, the heat released by the NIR absorber helps to bring the system, consisting of an NIR sensitizer and initiator, above such internal barriers. Molecular design strategies making these systems more compatible with distinct applications in a certain oleophilic surrounding are considered as a big challenge. This includes variations of the molecular pattern and counter ions derived from super acids exhibiting low coordinating properties. Further discussion focusses on the use of such systems in Chemistry 4.0 related applications. Intelligent software tools help to improve and optimize these systems combining chemistry, engineering based on high-throughput formulation screening (HTFS) technologies, and machine learning algorithms to open up novel solutions in material sciences.
title: Tools and Procedures for Quality Assurance in Higher Education Institutions  - Training on Internal Quality Assurance Series | Module 2
Creators: name: Pistor, Petra
name: Stammen, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2017
Subjects: empirical social science research
qualitative research
quantitative research
data analysis
higher education research
institutional research
evaluation

description: The second course book deals with the basic knowledge of evaluation theories and methodology, particularly in the framework of higher education institutions. Furthermore, the course book deals with empirical social science research methodology as a tool for effective quality assurance. Core elements are the precise conception and systematic conduction of qualitative and quantitative data collection as well as data analysis and interpretation for evaluation purposes.
Direct Metal-Free Chemical Vapor Deposition of Graphene Films on Insulating Substrates for Micro-Supercapacitors with High Volumetric Capacitance
Creators: name: Wuttke, Michael
name: Liu, Zhaoyang
name: Lu, Hao
name: Narita, Akimitsu
name: Müllen, Klaus
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Direct, metal-free synthesis of graphene films on insulating substrates in a controlled manner is of great importance for applications in (opto)electronic and energy storage devices. Graphene films are fabricated on fused silica substrates without metal catalyst via chemical vapor deposition (CVD), using propionic acid as a carbon source. Film-thickness is readily adjustable between 5 and 45 nm by changing the deposition time and flow rate of the precursor, displaying sheet resistance in the range of 0.27–1.86 kΩ□−1. The resulting graphene films are directly integrated into micro-supercapacitors without film transfer or liquid-phase processing, and demonstrate ultrahigh operation rates up to 1000 V s−1. Moreover, these films exhibit excellent rate capabilities, achieving a high volumetric capacitance of 131 F cm−3 at 10 mV s−1.
Nonradiative Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of Interfaces
Creators: name: Wolff, Christian M.
name: Caprioglio, Pietro
name: Stolterfoht, Martin
name: Neher, Dieter
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Perovskite solar cells combine high carrier mobilities with long carrier lifetimes and high radiative efficiencies. Despite this, full devices suffer from significant nonradiative recombination losses, limiting their VOC to values well below the Shockley–Queisser limit. Here, recent advances in understanding nonradiative recombination in perovskite solar cells from picoseconds to steady state are presented, with an emphasis on the interfaces between the perovskite absorber and the charge transport layers. Quantification of the quasi-Fermi level splitting in perovskite films with and without attached transport layers allows to identify the origin of nonradiative recombination, and to explain the VOC of operational devices. These measurements prove that in state-of-the-art solar cells, nonradiative recombination at the interfaces between the perovskite and the transport layers is more important than processes in the bulk or at grain boundaries. Optical pump-probe techniques give complementary access to the interfacial recombination pathways and provide quantitative information on transfer rates and recombination velocities. Promising optimization strategies are also highlighted, in particular in view of the role of energy level alignment and the importance of surface passivation. Recent record perovskite solar cells with low nonradiative losses are presented where interfacial recombination is effectively overcome—paving the way to the thermodynamic efficiency limit.
Magnetotelluric Apparent Resistivity Tensors for Improved Interpretations and 3-D Inversions
Creators: name: Hering, P.
name: Brown, C.
name: Junge, A.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: The complex magnetotelluric (MT) apparent resistivity tensor can be decomposed into two real tensors, the apparent resistivity and the resistivity phase tensors, which represent relationships between the observed electric field at a point on the Earth's surface and an associated apparent current density. We explain the differences between these tensors and conventional estimates of apparent resistivity and phase for simple resistivity environments and demonstrate, using canonical models in 1-D and 2-D environments, that both tensors are more sensitive to vertical and horizontal resistivity gradients than their conventional counterparts. The properties of the new tensors are explained using electromagnetic induction theory and the effects of associated charges at resistivity boundaries. We introduce a new way to plot tensor ellipses, which brings significant improvements to the interpretation of MT data, using appropriate visualization software. The apparent resistivity tensor gives information about the magnitude and direction of apparent resistivity subsurface structures and has a strong response to vertical resistivity contrasts. The resistivity phase tensor is highly sensitive to vertical boundaries and the associated fields in the TM mode. It is also free from static distortions under the same conditions implied for the conventional phase tensor. These findings have prompted a study in the potential of the new tensors for 3-D inversions. The results from a 3-D inversion of a canonical oblique conductor straddling two quarter spaces show distinct improvements in resolving the boundaries of the conductor and open a promising field for future studies.
Anti-inflammatory role of IDO and tryptophan metabolites
Creators: name: Salimi Elizei, Sanam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Inflammation is essential to the establishment of homeostasis following injury and inflammatory cell and the cytokine network associate with tissue repair. However, sometimes inflammation can cause further inflammation; it can become self-perpetuating. One of the many possibilities of prolonged secretion of cytokines and growth factor is autoimmunity and delay in wound closure. The current anti-inflammatory treatment modalities vary however their adverse effects are common. Here we asked the question of whether Kynurenine (Kyn), one of the tryptophan (Trp) metabolite, could modulate the inflammation by altering the profile of the key pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the proliferation of immune cells. We showed that Kyn treatment significantly reduced some pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-17, IL-2, CXCL-9 and CXCL-10 in ConA⁺ Kyn-treated splenocytes. To validate our findings in a wound healing model, we also showed that topical application of Kyn cream resulted in fewer infiltration of CD3⁺ T cells at wound site. Further, in this study we used kynurenic acid (KynA) instead of Kyn as KynA is the end product and safer metabolites in the kynurenine pathway. The emphasis was given in evaluating the effect of KynA on expression of IL-17/IL-23 axis which has recently been identified to be very important in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and inflammation such as psoriasis. Our findings have shown that KynA can modulate the frequency of IL-23 and IL-17 by DCs and CD4⁺ cells. Moreover, we showed that KynA suppresses the production of IL-23 in DCs through GPCR35 activation. We then evaluated the therapeutic use of intra-lesional injection of IDO-expressing fibroblasts, as a source of Kyn and KynA production in psoriasis, which is one of the most common recurrent chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin. The findings of this work demonstrated that IDO-expressing cells significantly improved thickness, erythema, and scaling scores in skin psoriatic like condition. Moreover, IDO-expressing fibroblasts reduce infiltration of IL-17⁺ CD4⁺, IL-17⁺ γδ⁺ T cells, IL-23⁺-activated dendritic cells and granulocytes in skin psoriatic like condition. The findings presented in this thesis collectively prove the potent local immunosuppressive activity of IDO-expressing dermal fibroblast and tryptophan metabolites in skin inflammatory conditions.
Emergent patterns in a spin-orbit coupled spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Xu, Z. F.
name: Lü, R.
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-state phases of a spin-orbit (SO) coupled atomic spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) are studied. Interesting density patterns spontaneously formed are widespread due to the competition between SO coupling and spin-dependent interactions like in a SO coupled spin-1 condensate. Unlike the case of spin-1 condensates, which are characterized by either ferromagnetic or polar phase in the absence of SO, spin-2 condensates can take a cyclic phase, where we find the patterns formed due to SO are square or triangular in their spin component densities for axial symmetric SO interaction. Both patterns are found to continuously evolve into striped forms with increased asymmetry of the SO coupling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
IC 3418: Star Formation in a Turbulent Wake
Creators: name: Hester, Janice A.
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Neill, James D.
name: Wyder, Ted K.
name: de Paz, Armando Gil
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Rich, R. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy Evolution Explorer observations of IC 3418, a low surface brightness galaxy in the Virgo Cluster, revealed a striking 17 kpc UV tail of bright knots and diffuse emission. H alpha imaging confirms that star formation is ongoing in the tail. IC 3418 was likely recently ram pressure stripped on its first pass through Virgo. We suggest that star formation is occurring in molecular clouds that formed in IC 3418's turbulent stripped wake. Tides and ram pressure stripping (RPS) of molecular clouds are both disfavored as tail formation mechanisms. The tail is similar to the few other observed star-forming tails, all of which likely formed during RPS. The tails' morphologies reflect the forces present during their formation and can be used to test for dynamical coupling between molecular and diffuse gas, thereby probing the origin of the star forming molecular gas.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Can Language Documentation Contribute to Improving Sustainable Livelihoods?
Creators: name: Deborah Hill
name: Gabriel Ropovono
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: linguistics
language documentation
sustainable livelihood

description: Can Language Documentation Contribute to Improving Sustainable Livelihoods?

Deborah Hill & Gabriel Ropovono

Presented 6 October 2022 at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities at the Conference Where Do We Need to Go From Here? - Language Documentation and Archiving,  in the UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages
Flow in heavy-ion collisions - Theory Perspective
Creators: name: Schenke, Bjoern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent developments in the field of relativistic hydrodynamics and its application to the bulk dynamics in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy- Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, I report on progress in going beyond second order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics for conformal fluids, including temperature dependent shear viscosity to entropy density ratios, as well as coupling hydrodynamic calculations to microscopic hadronic rescattering models. I describe event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations and their ability to compute higher harmonic flow coefficients. Combined comparisons of all harmonics to recent experimental data from both RHIC and LHC will potentially allow to determine the desired details of the initial state and the medium properties of the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 8 pages, Invited plenary talk at the 22nd International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2011), May 23-28 2011, Annecy, France
Convection On the Edge
Creators: name: Windmiller, J. M.
name: Hohenegger, C.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Deep convection over tropical oceans often appears intensified at the edge of convectively active regions, both in idealized studies and in observations. This edge intensification of convection is studied in detail here, using the steady state of a radiative-convective equilibrium study, marked by a single convective cluster with deep convection intensified at the edge of this cluster. The cause for edge intensification and its dependence on the cluster area is investigated by comparing the spatial distribution of deep convection to different variables known to be important for convection. Analysis of the simulation suggests that the edge is marked by an increased probability for the triggering of convection rather than by stronger updrafts. In particular, while the edge of the moist region is not thermodynamically more favorable, we find strong surface convergence and therefore dynamical lifting at this edge. The surface convergence is shown to result from two opposing flows. On the one hand, there is, as expected from previous radiative-convective equilibrium simulations, a low-level inflow directed toward the moist region. On the other hand, there is a positive density anomaly at the surface which is the result of continuously forming cold pools within the convectively active region, creating a super-cold-pool. As the velocity of the low-level inflow approximately matches the potential propagation speed of the super-cold-pool boundary, these opposing flows explain the presence of strong convergence at the edge of this region. Whether the resulting lifting induces the formation of deep convection is shown to depend on the large-scale instability.
Symmetries in the third Painlevé equation arising from the modified Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge hierarchy
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modification of the AKNS hierarchy that includes the "modified" Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge (mPLR) equation. Similarity reductions of this hierarchy give the second, third, and fourth Painlevé equations. Especially, we present a new Lax representation and a complete description of the symmetry of the third Painlevé equation through the similarity reduction. We also show the relation between the tau-function of the mPLR hierarchy and Painlevé equations.
description: 23 pages
Estimation of compressive load bearing capacity of helical piles using torque method and induced settlements
Creators: name: Khan, Muhammad Umair Shabbir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Helical piles are deep foundations that have a helix at the end. The traditional approaches to determine the load capacity such as loading tests and in situ tests (i.e. SPT, CPT and LCPC) are not economically feasible for the small scaled constructions, for which helical piles are generally recommended. In order to estimate the ultimate load that helical piles can carry, torque method is thus mostly used. Torque method does not account for the possible settlements induced at calculated loads. Settlement induced is the main load capacity governing factor for deep foundations, as they are considered failed when a settlement more than the permissible amount is attained. The possibility that the piles might fail well before the calculated load is achieved because of excessive settlements make the results of torque method dubious. This research attempts to investigate the torque method for the settlements and for its precision. For this purpose, seven RS2875.203 helical piles were installed and their ultimate compressive loads are calculated using the torque method. On seventh pile, static axial compression test was conducted. The settlements at torque method’s ultimate loads are determined from the load movement curve of compression test. Results underscore that the settlements at torque method’s ultimate and allowable loads are within the permissible amount. The load movement curve of compression test is interpreted using different failure criteria to calculate the failure load. Results show that 10% failure criterion is the most suitable criterion to interpret the load movement curve of RS2875.203 helical piles. Additionally, different bearing equations are used to compute the ultimate compressive loads of helical piles. Result suggest that the loads calculated using torque method and bearing equations correlate well with each other.
Changing User Attitudes to Reduce Spreadsheet Risk
Creators: name: Balson, Dermot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A business case study on how three simple guidelines: 1. Make it easy to check (and maintain) 2. Make it safe to use 3. Keep business logic out of code changed user attitudes and improved spreadsheet quality in a financial services organisation.
description: 5 Pages; ISBN 978-1-905404-50-6
Advantages of Animal Husbandry Industry in China's Fight against Poverty
Creators: name: ZOU Zhenxing
name: CHAI Qiaolian
name: ZHANG Li
name: ZENG Fanrong
name: HE Xiaoxia
name: LIANG Guanghuan
name: ZOU Zhenxing
name: CHAI Qiaolian
name: ZHANG Li
name: ZENG Fanrong
name: HE Xiaoxia
name: LIANG Guanghuan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Animal husbandry industry, Poverty alleviation, Advantages, Economic income

description: Poverty alleviation needs developing the industries related to the economic income. Only when the industry develops, can the income of the poverty-stricken people be increased fundamentally, accordingly help eradicate the poverty from the root cause. Compared with other industries, the animal husbandry industry has unique advantages for poverty alleviation and assistance in poverty alleviation. The animal husbandry breeding industry is characterized by short breeding time, relatively high economic income, and farmers do not need a high educational level, so the breeding threshold is low. For poverty-stricken farmers, this is a feasible way to help them get rid of poverty. Combined with the experience of poverty alleviation through developing the animal husbandry industry, this paper discussed the development advantages of the animal husbandry industry in poverty alleviation, analyzed the main ways of exerting and applying the advantages. It is intended to provide a certain reference for the targeted poverty alleviation through developing the animal husbandry industry.
Enlightenment of EU New Common Agricultural Policy on Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Cultivated Land in China
Creators: name: MA Kexin
name: YANG Zisheng
name: MA Kexin
name: YANG Zisheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farmland protection, EU common agricultural policy, Sustainable utilization, Enlightenment

description: EU common agricultural policy is a guiding policy implemented by European member states for nearly 60 years and continuously reformed according to the international situation. At present, its reform direction is consistent with the requirements of cultivated land protection and sustainable utilization in China's “14th five-year” plan, which could provide reference for China. Based on analyzing protection and sustainable utilization of cultivated land in China and the reform process of EU common agricultural policy, referring to main measures of the new common agricultural policy with advanced nature and superiority, and combining actual situation of China, three suggestions on promoting the implementation of cultivated land protection and sustainable utilization strategy in China are proposed: perfecting legal system of cultivated land protection and sustainable utilization in China, agricultural subsidies inclining to young farmers to stimulate the new vitality of cultivated land protection, taking green development as goal orientation and scientifically carrying out ecological construction of cultivated land, to provide better system guarantee for maintaining China's food security.
Double Marginalization due to External Financing: Capacity Investment under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Huberts, Nick F. D.
name: Wen, Xingang
name: Dawid, Herbert
name: Huisman, Kuno J. M.
name: Kort, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Bielefeld University, Department of Business Administration and Economics
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: Double Marginalization
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Debt
subject: Bankruptcy
subject: Capacity Investment
subject: Real Options

description: This paper considers a firm’s investment decision determining the timing and capacity level in a dynamic setting with demand uncertainty. Its investment is financed by borrowing from a lender that has market power, generating a capital market inefficiency. We show that the firm’s investment is subject to double marginalization in the sense that the need for external financing results in a considerably smaller investment and thus a reduction in welfare. In addition, we find that the presence of the bankruptcy option mitigates the double marginalization effect unless the bankruptcy cost is small. The firm’s investment size is increasing in bankruptcy costs albeit at the expense of an investment delay. Based on this, an increase of bankruptcy costs raises social welfare.