cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Study of Neural Matching Models for Cross-lingual IR
Creators: name: Yu, Puxuan
name: Allan, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we investigate interaction-based neural matching models for ad-hoc cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) using cross-lingual word embeddings (CLWEs). With experiments conducted on the CLEF collection over four language pairs, we evaluate and provide insight into different neural model architectures, different ways to represent query-document interactions and word-pair similarity distributions in CLIR. This study paves the way for learning an end-to-end CLIR system using CLWEs.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted at SIGIR'20
Zero temperature limit for interacting Brownian particles. II. Coagulation in one dimension
Creators: name: Funaki, Tadahisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35 (Primary) 82C22 (Secondary)

description: We study the zero temperature limit for interacting Brownian particles in one dimension with a pairwise potential which is of finite range and attains a unique minimum when the distance of two particles becomes a>0. We say a chain is formed when the particles are arranged in an ``almost equal'' distance a. If a chain is formed at time 0, so is for positive time as the temperature of the system decreases to 0 and, under a suitable macroscopic space-time scaling, the center of mass of the chain performs the Brownian motion with the speed inversely proportional to the total mass. If there are two chains, they independently move until the time when they meet. Then, they immediately coalesce and continue the evolution as a single chain. This can be extended for finitely many chains.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000199
title: 03_0980
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
To be or not to be? Magnetic monopoles in non-abelian gauge theories
Creators: name: Bais, F. Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic monopoles form an inspiring chapter of theoretical physics, covering a variety of surprising subjects. We review their role in non-abelian gauge theories. An expose of quite exquisite physics derived from a hypothetical particle species, because the fact remains that in spite of ever more tempting arguments from theory, monopoles have never reared their head in experiment. For many relevant particulars, references to the original literature are provided.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures, Contribution to "Fifty Years of Yang- Mills Theory", edited by G. 't Hooft. Some extra references have been added in the revised version
Additional file 1 of Interventions to prevent or treat childhood obesity in Māori & Pacific Islanders: a systematic review
Creators: name: Littlewood, Robyn
name: Canfell, Oliver J.
name: Walker, Jacqueline L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA checklist.docx
Minimum Length Cutoff in Inflation and Uniqueness of the Action
Creators: name: Ashoorioon, A.
name: Kempf, A.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to most inflationary models, fluctuations that are of cosmological size today started out much smaller than any plausible cutoff length such as the string or Planck lengths. It has been shown that this could open an experimental window for testing models of the short-scale structure of space-time. The observability of effects hinges crucially, however, on the initial conditions imposed on the new comoving modes which are continually being created at the cutoff length scale. Here, we address this question while modelling spacetime as obeying the string and quantum gravity inspired minimum length uncertainty principle. We find that the usual strategy for determining the initial conditions faces an unexpected difficulty because it involves reformulating the action and discarding a boundary term: we find that actions that normally differ merely by a boundary term can differ significantly when the minimum length is introduced. This is possible because the introduction of a minimum length comes with an ordering ambiguity much like the ordering ambiguity that arises with the introduction of hbar in the process of quantization.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
A model and adaptive support for learning in an educational game
Creators: name: Manske, Micheline
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Educational games are highly motivating, however, there is little evidence that they can trigger learning unless game-play is supported by additional activities. We aim to support students during game play via an intelligent pedagogical agent that intervenes to offer hints and suggestions when the student is lacking domain knowledge, but does not interfere otherwise, so as to maintain the engagement that computer games are known to bring about. Such an agent must be informed by an accurate model of student learning. In this thesis we describe research on data-drive refinement and evaluation of a probabilistic model of student learning for an educational game on number factoriza- tion, Prime Climb. An initial version of the model was designed based on teachers' advice and subjective parameter settings. We illustrate data-driven improvements to the model, and we report significant improvements on its accuracy. This model is used by an intelligent pedagogical agent for Prime Climb. We present results from an ablation study in which students played with a version of the game which employed either a pedagogical agent acting on the original model, a pedagogical agent acting on the new model, or no pedagogical agent at all. Learning gains and students' subjective assessments of the agent are discussed.
Nonlinear Spin Currents
Creators: name: Nair, Jayakrishnan M. P.
name: Zhang, Zhedong
name: Scully, Marlan O.
name: Agarwal, Girish S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cavity mediated spin current between two ferrite samples has been reported by Bai et. al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 217201 (2017)]. This experiment was done in the linear regime of the interaction in the presence of external drive. In the current paper we develop a theory for the spin current in the nonlinear domain where the external drive is strong so that one needs to include the Kerr nonlinearity of the ferrite materials. In this manner the nonlinear polaritons are created and one can reach both bistable and multistable behavior of the spin current. The system is driven into a far from equilibrium steady state which is determined by the details of driving field and various interactions. We present a variety of steady state results for the spin current. A spectroscopic detection of the nonlinear spin current is developed, revealing the key properties of the nonlinear polaritons. The transmission of a weak probe is used to obtain quantitative information on the multistable behavior of the spin current. The results and methods that we present are quite generic and can be used in many other contexts where cavities are used to transfer information from one system to another, e.g., two different molecular systems.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Age- and cause-specific contributions to increase in life expectancy at birth in Korea, 2000–2019: a descriptive study
Creators: name: Kim, Ikhan
name: Bae, Hyeona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. Life expectancy change by sex in Korea, 2000-2019: Findings from Korea Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). Supplementary Fig. 2. Trends in age-standardized cause-specific mortality by sex during the study period: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS)
title: Negative voltage fault injection attacks on microcontrollers
Creators: name: Kudera, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hardware Security
subject: Hardware Security

description: Fault Angriffe sind eine wohl bekannte Angriffsform im Bereich der Hardware Security. Eine verbreitete Art der Fault Injection ist das kurzfristige Variieren der Versorgungsspannung, wodurch ein dafür anfälliger Prozessor Instruktionen falsch interpretiert oder überspringt. Glücklicherweise erkennen immer mehr Hersteller von Mikrocontrollern die Wichtigkeit von gehärteter Hardware und implementieren Gegenmaßnahmen gegen Fault Angriffe. In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue Methode der Fault Injection Angriffe vorgestellt. Während die Spannungsversorgung bei herkömmlichen Angriffen lediglich in Richtung GND gezogen wird, wird bei der neuen Methode auch der negative Spannungsbereich ausgenutzt. Die Hypothese dieser Arbeit ist, dass dadurch kürzere Glitches und eine schnellere kapazitive Entladung erreicht werden. Durch die Nutzung von negativen Spannungen wird eine höhere Flankensteilheit erwartet, da Schaltungsimplementierungen innerhalb und außerhalb von Mikrocontrollern schneller entladen werden können. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurde ein Prototyp für die neue Methode implementiert und evaluiert, um diese Hypothese zu überprüfen. Die Ergebisse zeigen, dass insbesondere in Gegenwart von höheren kapazitiven Lasten Fault Angriffe nicht nur vereinfacht, sondern überhaupt erst ermöglicht werden. Gegenüber klassischen Angriffen konnten zudem kürzere Glitches erreicht werden, sodass auch Controller mit höheren Taktraten angegriffen werden können.
description: Fault attacks are a well known physical attack type in the area of hardware security. A common fault injection technique is a short term variation of the supply voltage causing a vulnerable processor to misinterpret or skip instructions. Fortunately, an increasing number of microcontroller manufacturers recognize the importance of hardened hardware and implement countermeasures against fault attacks into their products. In this work, we present a new fault injection attack method. While conventional attacks pull the power supply rail to GND, in the new method we pull into the negative voltage supply range instead. The hypothesis of this work is that negative voltage fault injection attacks provide advantages over their conventional counterparts with respect to shorter glitch durations in presence of capacitive charges. Utilizing negative voltage during the generation of a fault, we expect higher slew rates due to faster discharging of the circuit implementations outside and within microcontrollers. Within this work, we implemented and evaluated a negative voltage fault injection prototype to test this hypothesis. The results show that especially in presence of higher capacitive loads, fault injection attacks are not only simplified, but they become feasible in the first place. In contrast to classical attacks, shorter glitches were achieved opening the attack vector even to controllers with higher clock rates.
Reflections on Binary Sex/Gender Categorization in Magnetic Resonance Tomography and its Future Challenges
Creators: name: Fitsch, Hannah
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: brain imaging
subject: fMRI
subject: sex/gender binary
subject: interdiscipinary research
subject: taxonomy
subject: intersectionality

description: This paper examines the role of technical, methodological conditions in functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) in the production of binary sex/gender differences. The aim is to investigate the scanning process with a focus on the statistical parameter of gendered markers within the technology, in order to make visible the problems entangled in typical research routines. It is especially important to elaborate this because the computer models currently being used and Big Data studies are reproducing and reapplying outdated and rigid concepts of sex/gender differences with the goal of improving science considerably. Therefore, the paper discusses the empirical methodologies and epistemic underpinnings of differentiation through statistics, and argues that counter-counting, weighing and sizing might not help to substantiate the idea of “equality” (not only for the sex/gender category) in brain studies. In relation to the topic of this special issue, I argue that in order to develop an interdisciplinary approach to criticizing dimorphism and differentiation by groups, a wider understanding of the technical and theoretical foundations used in brain research is needed.
Implications of different stellar spectra for the climate of tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets
Creators: name: Eager, Jake K.
name: Reichelt, David J.
name: Mayne, Nathan J.
name: Lambert, F. Hugo
name: Sergeev, Denis E.
name: Ridgway, Robert J.
name: Manners, James
name: Boutle, Ian A.
name: Lenton, Timothy M.
name: Kohary, Krisztian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of potentially habitable exoplanets detected orbit stars cooler than the Sun, and therefore are irradiated by a stellar spectrum peaking at longer wavelengths than that incident on Earth. Here, we present results from a set of simulations of tidally-locked terrestrial planets orbiting three different host stars to isolate the effect of the stellar spectra on the simulated climate. Specifically, we perform simulations based on TRAPPIST-1e, adopting an Earth-like atmosphere and using the UK Met Office Unified Model in an idealised 'aqua-planet' configuration. Whilst holding the planetary parameters constant, including the total stellar flux (900 W/m$^2$) and orbital period (6.10 Earth days), we compare results between simulations where the stellar spectrum is that of a quiescent TRAPPIST-1, Proxima Centauri and the Sun. The simulations with cooler host stars had an increased proportion of incident stellar radiation absorbed directly by the troposphere compared to the surface. This, in turn, led to an increase in the stability against convection, a reduction in overall cloud coverage on the dayside (reducing scattering), leading to warmer surface temperatures. The increased direct heating of the troposphere also led to more efficient heat transport from the dayside to the nightside and, therefore, a reduced day-night temperature contrast. We inferred that planets with an Earth-like atmosphere orbiting cooler stars had lower dayside cloud coverage, potentially allowing habitable conditions at increased orbital radii, compared to similar planets orbiting hotter stars for a given planetary rotation rate.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Learning, Misallocation, and Technology Adoption: Evidence from New Malaria Therapy in Tanzania
Creators: name: Adhvaryu, Achyuta
name: Adhvaryu, Achyuta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: technology adoption
subject: learning
subject: malaria
subject: Tanzania

description: I show that malaria misdiagnosis, common in resource-poor settings, decreases the expected effectiveness of an important new therapy–since only a fraction of treated individuals have malaria–and reduces the rate of learning via increased noise. Using pilot program data from Tanzania, I exploit variation in the location and timing of survey enumeration to construct reference groups composed of randomly chosen, geographically and temporally proximate acutely ill individuals. I show that learning is stronger and adoption rates are higher in villages with more misdiagnosis. Subsidizing diagnostic tools or improving initial targeting of new technologies may thus accelerate uptake through learning.
Diversity of Communities and Economic Development: An Overview
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Ranis, Gustav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Africa
subject: Diversity
subject: Economic Growth
subject: Instability

description: This paper reviews the literature on the impact of ethnic diversity on economic development. Ethnically polarized societies are less likely to agree on the provision of public goods and more likely to engage in rent seeking activities providing lower levels of social capital. Initial conditions are important determinants of adverse development outcomes. The role of decentralization, democracy and markets as potential remedies are discussed. The paper then presents a number of preliminary hypotheses on the relationship between diversity and instability in order to stimulate future research.
How Important is Reputation for New Zealand Wine Makers?
Creators: name: Bicknell, Kathryn
name: MacDonald, Ian
name: Bicknell, Kathryn
name: MacDonald, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Hedonic pricing
subject: New Zealand wine
subject: willingness to pay
subject: quality
subject: reputation

description: The wine industry in New Zealand has been maturing over the past few decades, with consumers becoming more sophisticated and wineries responding by increasing their production of premium varieties. In addition, there have been several legal changes and subsequent changes to the distribution and marketing of wine in New Zealand that have made wine more widely available. It is therefore an interesting and dynamic time to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the relative effects of regional reputation and producer-specific quality on the willingness to pay for domestically produced premium table wine in New Zealand. Previous empirical work suggests that New Zealand consumers rely on both expert opinion and regional reputation when determining their willingness to pay for wine produced domestically. The current paper extends this work by considering the development of a winery's reputation in more detail. Hedonic price analysis is used to determine the price premia associated with a range of indicators of both individual and collective reputation. Preliminary statistical results are presented and interpreted within the context of a growing body of international literature on wine economics.
title: Carnet de poésie
title: Carnet de poésie
Creators: name: Le Braz, Anatole (1859-1926)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Source: Fonds Anatole Le Braz. Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique (CRBC). Bibliothèque Yves-Le Gallo.
description: Provenance: Ce document provient du fonds Anatole Le Braz conservé au Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique. Les documents ont été déposés en 1986 par l’un des petits-enfants d’Anatole Le Braz et par Yann-Ber Piriou en 1999.
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description: IIIF manifest
Unusual glitch behaviours of two young pulsars
Creators: name: Zou, W. Z.
name: Wang, N.
name: Wang, H. X.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Wu, X. J.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report unusual glitches in two young pulsars, PSR J1825-0935 (B1822-09) and PSR J1835-1106. For PSR J1825-0935, a slow glitch characterised by a temporary decrease in the slowdown rate occurred between 2000 December 31 to 2001 December 6. This event resulted in a permanent increase in frequency with fractional size $Δν/ν\sim31.2(2)\times10^{-9}$, however little effect remained in slowdown rate. The glitch in PSR J1835-1106 occurred abruptly in November 2001 (MJD 52220\pm3) with $Δν/ν\sim14.6(4)\times10^{-9}$ and little or no change in the slow-down rate. A significant change in $\ddotν$ apparently occurred at the glitch with $\ddotν$ having opposite sign for the pre- and post-glitch data.
description: Latex format, six files, 5 pages with 4 figues. accepted for MNRAS
RSnap : resursive writable snapshots for logical volumes
Creators: name: Gupta, Abhishek
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Volume Snapshots provide instantaneous checkpoints of a complete filesystem. Whereas previous work on developing snapshot utilities has focused on satiating the need for online backups, modern trends encourage their deployment in expedited clone construction scenarios. Unlike their read-only counterparts, these clones are expected to be mutable and to some extent independent of their base images. We present RSnap, a volume manager that allows users to create mutable recursive snapshots of logical volumes. Storage is allocated to these snapshots in a Dedicate-on-Write fashion. Since unrestrained clone creation can quickly obscure sharing relationships between a set of volumes, RSnap includes an automatic garbage collector that can identify and reclaim unreferenced blocks. RSnap uses the radix tree data structure to implement recursive snap shots. We capitalize on kernel infrastructure to overcome some of the performance and consistency problems in using the radix tree. Our evaluations show that an in kernel radix tree implementation gives satisfactory performance and scales with the number of snapshots.
title: Carnet de poésie
title: Carnet de poésie
Creators: name: Le Braz, Anatole (1859-1926)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Source: Fonds Anatole Le Braz. Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique (CRBC). Bibliothèque Yves-Le Gallo.
description: Provenance: Ce document provient du fonds Anatole Le Braz conservé au Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique. Les documents ont été déposés en 1986 par l’un des petits-enfants d’Anatole Le Braz et par Yann-Ber Piriou en 1999.
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description: IIIF manifest
Electrochemical Model-Based Investigation of Thick LiFePO4 Electrode Design Parameters
Creators: name: Franke-Lang, Robert
name: Kowal, Julia
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 537 Elektrizität, Elektronik
subject: lithium-ion battery
subject: electrode optimisation
subject: electrochemical model
subject: microstructure
subject: macrostructure
subject: aligned porous electrode
subject: LiFePO4

description: The electrification of the powertrain requires enhanced performance of lithium-ion batteries, mainly in terms of energy and power density. They can be improved by optimising the positive electrode, i.e., by changing their size, composition or morphology. Thick electrodes increase the gravimetric energy density but generally have an inefficient performance. This work presents a 2D modelling approach for better understanding the design parameters of a thick LiFePO4 electrode based on the P2D model and discusses it with common literature values. With a superior macrostructure providing a vertical transport channel for lithium ions, a simple approach could be developed to find the best electrode structure in terms of macro- and microstructure for currents up to 4C. The thicker the electrode, the more important are the direct and valid transport paths within the entire porous electrode structure. On a smaller scale, particle size, binder content, porosity and tortuosity were identified as very impactful parameters, and they can all be attributed to the microstructure. Both in modelling and electrode optimisation of lithium-ion batteries, knowledge of the real microstructure is essential as the cross-validation of a cellular and lamellar freeze-casted electrode has shown. A procedure was presented that uses the parametric study when few model parameters are known.
Computer High Level History - Major Milestone Part I
Creators: name: Patil, Dinesh S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Trying to corelated timeline from arithmetic to modern computer. And to start with, why we are trying to understand arithmetic high-level timelines / milestones in the history and how it got linked with modern days computers. As per Oxford Dictionary. Arithmetic means “The branch of mathematics dealing with the properties and manipulation of numbers”.

Computer arithmetic is the branch of computer science that studies the representation of numbers in computers and how operations are carried out on them. It consists of integer arithmetic, fixed-point arithmetic, and arithmetic operations. Every computer component, and virtually all programs, conduct arithmetic by utilizing binary digits, known as bits, to represent numbers in a set length sequence. Integers are commonly shown as a single string of bits, where each bit represents a unique power of two, and one bit shows the sign (Boldo & Melquiond, 2017).

Other words, mathematicians, social scientists, and other humans use symbolic arithmetic, unlike computers. Understanding how computers perform mathematical operations is crucial to avoid inaccuracies that can arise from the difference between symbolic and computer arithmetic. Each computer component, as well as almost all programs, conducts mathematical operations through the use of a specific number of 1s and 0s known as bits, b. Integers are commonly symbolized by a chain of bits, where each bit represents a specific power of two and one bit denotes the sign. In this model, integer arithmetic follows standard arithmetic rules if the integers are within a certain range, preventing overflow errors (Dellarosa, 1986).

The origin of the word computer is thought to be the Latin word 'computare'. In Latin, the word means 'to compute', 'to enumerate', 'to reflect', or 'to add up' (Aloisio, 2004). According to Borst (1993, as cited in Aloisio, 2004), the term computare was used in different ways during the early Roman era, with meanings ranging from "to calculate" to "to rely on one's fingers". Nonetheless, the term "computer" gained attention around 1613 in a book called The Yong Mans Gleanings, authored by Richard Braithwaite. In the beginning, humans were called as human computers, performing calculations, before the invention of the device known as a computer.
Moderate deviation probabilities for open convex sets: nonlogarithmic behavior
Creators: name: Einmahl, Uwe
name: Kuelbs, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B11, 60B12, 60F05, 60F10 (Primary)

description: Precise asymptotics for moderate deviation probabilities are established for open convex sets in both the finite- and infinite-dimensional settings. Our results are based on the existence of dominating points for these sets, a related representation formula, and asymptotics for the integral term in this formula.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000216
Bordism, rho-invariants and the Baum-Connes conjecture
Creators: name: Piazza, Paolo
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be a finitely generated discrete group. In this paper we establish vanishing results for rho-invariants associated to (i) the spin-Dirac operator of a spin manifold with positive scalar curvature (ii) the signature operator of the disjoint union of a pair of homotopy equivalent oriented manifolds with fundamental group G. The invariants we consider are more precisely - the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer rho-invariant associated to a pair of finite dimensional unitary representations. - the L2-rho invariant of Cheeger-Gromov - the delocalized eta invariant of Lott for a finite conjugacy class of G. We prove that all these rho-invariants vanish if the group G is torsion-free and the Baum-Connes map for the maximal group C^*-algebra is bijective. For the delocalized invariant we only assume the validity of the Baum-Connes conjecture for the reduced C^*-algebra. In particular, the three rho-invariants associated to the signature operator are, for such groups, homotopy invariant. For the APS and the Cheeger-Gromov rho-invariants the latter result had been established by Navin Keswani. Our proof re-establishes this result and also extends it to the delocalized eta-invariant of Lott. Our method also gives some information about the eta-invariant itself (a much more saddle object than the rho-invariant).
description: LaTeX2e, 60 pages; the gap pointed out by Nigel Higson and John Roe is now closed and all statements of the first version of the paper are proved (with some small refinements)
title: Carnet de poésie
title: Carnet de poésie
Creators: name: Le Braz, Anatole (1859-1926)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Source: Fonds Anatole Le Braz. Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique (CRBC). Bibliothèque Yves-Le Gallo.
description: Provenance: Ce document provient du fonds Anatole Le Braz conservé au Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique. Les documents ont été déposés en 1986 par l’un des petits-enfants d’Anatole Le Braz et par Yann-Ber Piriou en 1999.
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description: IIIF manifest
Additional file 5 of Uncovering the role of Symbiodiniaceae assemblage composition and abundance in coral bleaching response by minimizing sampling and evolutionary biases
Creators: name: Swain, Timothy D.
name: Lax, Simon
name: Backman, Vadim
name: Marcelino, Luisa A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S2. Frequency of coral-Symbiodiniaceae records of association (out of a total of 15,556 records) identified with different ITS2 primer sets described in the reports included in the dataset. See Table S1 for details of individual studies and their specific protocols and primer sets.
Economic Considerations of Animal Welfare Policy
Creators: name: Bicknell, Kathryn
name: Bicknell, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Animal welfare
subject: partial equilibrium analysis
subject: externality
subject: economic surplus

description: Animal welfare considerations are becoming increasingly important for producers of animal-derived agricultural products. Recent media attention on issues of housing conditions for intensively reared livestock and induced calving in dairy production make it clear that some members of the public feel strongly about the overall welfare of farm animals. In many cases, practices that are now perceived as welfare unfriendly are also associated with lower per-unit costs of production, creating a ‘classic’ economic trade-off between production and welfare objectives. In this paper a relatively simple partial equilibrium model is used to illustrate that the distributional impacts of animal welfare regulations (for both humans and animals) depend critically on whether the domestic market is open to international competition. A preliminary case study involving housing options for sows in New Zealand provides an empirical illustration of the possible magnitude of the costs of welfare enhancing policies in a small open economy when the country is a net importer. The fact that welfare enhancing policy is driven by consumers who do not share the resulting economic burden raises important philosophical questions about how society defines what is acceptable on welfare grounds, and whether there is any economic justification for mitigating the costs when they accrue only to one sector of the economy.
Binary systems of neutral mesons in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Machet, B.
name: Novikov, V. A.
name: Vysotsky, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-degenerate binary systems of neutral mesons of the kaon type are investigated in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). General constraints cast by analyticity and discrete symmetries P, C, CP, TCP on the propagator (and on its spectral function) are deduced. Its poles are the physical masses; this unambiguously defines the propagating eigenstates. It is diagonalized and its spectrum thoroughly investigated. The role of ``spurious'' states, of zero norm at the poles, is emphasized, in particular for unitarity and for the realization of TCP symmetry. The K_L-K_S mass splitting triggers a tiny difference between their CP violating parameters ε_L and ε_S, without any violation of TCP. A constant mass matrix like used in Quantum Mechanics (QM) can only be introduced in a linear approximation to the inverse propagator, which respects its analyticity and positivity properties; it is however unable to faithfully describe all features of neutral mesons as we determine them in QFT, nor to provide any sensible parameterization of eventual effects of TCP violation. The suitable way to diagonalize the propagator makes use of a bi-orthogonal basis; it is inequivalent to a bi-unitary transformation (unless the propagator is normal, which cannot occur here). Problems linked with the existence of different ``in'' and ``out'' eigenstates are smoothed out. We study phenomenological consequences of the differences between the QFT and QM treatments. The non-vanishing of semi-leptonic asymmetry δ_S - δ_L does not signal, unlike usually claimed, TCP violation, while A_TCP keeps vanishing when TCP is realized. We provide expressions invariant by the rephasing of K0 and K0bar.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures. Version to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Noisy pre-processing facilitating a photonic realisation of device-independent quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Ho, M.
name: Sekatski, P.
name: Tan, E. Y. -Z.
name: Renner, R.
name: Bancal, J. -D.
name: Sangouard, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Device-independent quantum key distribution provides security even when the equipment used to communicate over the quantum channel is largely uncharacterized. An experimental demonstration of device-independent quantum key distribution is however challenging. A central obstacle in photonic implementations is that the global detection efficiency, i.e., the probability that the signals sent over the quantum channel are successfully received, must be above a certain threshold. We here propose a method to significantly relax this threshold, while maintaining provable device-independent security. This is achieved with a protocol that adds artificial noise, which cannot be known or controlled by an adversary, to the initial measurement data (the raw key). Focusing on a realistic photonic setup using a source based on spontaneous parametric down conversion, we give explicit bounds on the minimal required global detection efficiency.
description: 5+16 pages, 4 figures
Path decompositions for Markov chains
Creators: name: Kersting, Gotz
name: Memisoglu, Kaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10 (Primary) 60J45. (Secondary)

description: We present two path decompositions of Markov chains (with general state space) by means of harmonic functions, which are dual to each other. They can be seen as a generalization of Williams' decomposition of a Brownian motion with drift. The results may be illustrated by a multitude of examples, but we confine ourselves to different types of random walks and the Polya urn.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000234
Bridging the Gap: Machine Learning to Resolve Improperly Modeled Dynamics
Creators: name: Qraitem, Maan
name: Kularatne, Dhanushka
name: Forgoston, Eric
name: Hsieh, M. Ani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a data-driven modeling strategy to overcome improperly modeled dynamics for systems exhibiting complex spatio-temporal behaviors. We propose a Deep Learning framework to resolve the differences between the true dynamics of the system and the dynamics given by a model of the system that is either inaccurately or inadequately described. Our machine learning strategy leverages data generated from the improper system model and observational data from the actual system to create a neural network to model the dynamics of the actual system. We evaluate the proposed framework using numerical solutions obtained from three increasingly complex dynamical systems. Our results show that our system is capable of learning a data-driven model that provides accurate estimates of the system states both in previously unobserved regions as well as for future states. Our results show the power of state-of-the-art machine learning frameworks in estimating an accurate prior of the system's true dynamics that can be used for prediction up to a finite horizon.
Transition to a Superconductor with Insulating Cavities
Creators: name: Doria, Mauro M.
name: Romaguera, Antonio R. de C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extreme type II superconductor with internal insulating regions, namely cavities, is studied here. We find that the cavity-bearing superconductor has lower energy than the defect-free superconductor above a critical magnetic induction $B^*$ for insulating cavities but not for metallic ones. Using a numerical approach for the Ginzburg-Landau theory we compute and compare free energy densities for several cavity radii and at least for two cavity densities, assuming a cubic lattice of spherical cavities.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Europhysics Letters
Ansatz für eine Standardisierung von Latein- und Griechischkenntnissen in Anlehnung an den Gemeinsamen europäischen Referenzrahmen für Sprachen
Creators: name: Faller, Stefan
name: Kuhlmann, Peter
name: Pütz, Hans-Joachim
name: Toma, Andrea
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2024

description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 3 (2023): Forum Classicum
Additional file 7 of ERα-36 regulates progesterone receptor activity in breast cancer
Creators: name: Henri-Philippe Konan
name: Loay Kassem
name: Soleilmane Omarjee
name: Ausra Surmieliova-Garnès
name: Jacquemetton, Julien
name: Cascales, Elodie
name: Rezza, Amélie
name: Trédan, Olivier
name: Treilleux, Isabelle
name: Poulard, Coralie
name: Romancer, Muriel Le
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7. : Study of PR/ERα interaction.