cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bythinella amira Glöer & Hirschfelder, 2020, n. sp.
Creators: name: Glöer, Peter
name: Hirschfelder, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Bythinellidae
Bythinella
Bythinella amira

description: Bythinella amira n. sp. [fig. 2.7]
 Type locality: Greece, Attica, Kithira Island, Karavas, spring-fed brook in Amir Ali, N 36°20'43.9" / E 22°56'57.4", 110 m a.s.l., 19.10.2019, leg. Hans-Jürgen Hirschfelder.
 Type Material: Holotype (ZMH 140688): Shell height 2.5 mm, shell width 1.4 mm. Paratypes from type locality: ZMH (140689/2), coll. Hirschfelder (8 adult, 6 subadult).
 Etymology: The new species is named after the small village and ravine Amir Ali.
 Description:
 Shell: The shell is cylindrical to slightly conical with a small rounded apex. The 4.5-5 whorls are convex with a deep suture. The body whorl takes about 0.7 of shell height. The aperture is elongated ovate, with a thickened peristome. The umbilicus is closed. The shell is 2.3-2.6 mm high and 1.3-1.4 mm broad and all specimens are encrusted with blackish-brown Fe/Mn.
 Differentiating characters: see Bythinella kithiraensis n. sp.
 Associated species: Pseudamnicola magdalenae Falniowski, 2016 (type locality), Gyraulus sp. and Melanopsis buccinoidea (Olivier, 1801).
 Distribution: Only known from type locality in northern Kithira Island.
description: Published as part of Glöer, Peter & Hirschfelder, Hans-Jürgen, 2020, Some new Bythinella spp. from southern Greece (Gastropoda: Bythinellidae), pp. 60-67 in Ecologica Montenegrina 30 on page 65, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.30.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13231395
title: Atlas des DOM. - La Réunion - Planches 11 et 12 : Le Passé : notice, page 4 "III. La Réunion de 1815 à 1925 (suite et fin)" et "IV. Du déclin au renouveau : 1870-1946"
Creators: name: Defos du Rau, Jean
name: France, Compagnie Des Indes Orientales
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: histoire
port
infrastructure des transports
géographie historique
peuplement
échelle graphique
démographie
histoire économique et sociale
activité économique
aménagement portuaire
crise économique
paupérisation

description: La fin de la présentation des infrastructures de "La Réunion de 1780 à 1815" est accompagnée d'une carte dressée en 1885 par A. Barse, Lieutenant de Vaisseau, intitulée "Plan du Port et de la côte comprise entre la pointe et la Rivière des Galets ".Présente enfin la période de 1870 à 1946 caractérisée par une phase de déclin et de reprise économique. Fournit une orientation bibliographique.
description: Relation: http://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/20991cef
description: Relation: http://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/0861029d
description: Relation: http://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/5577d7fb
description: Relation: http://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/47198e8d
description: Relation: http://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/ff9819a6
description: Coverage: Rivière des Galets
description: Coverage: Mascareigne
description: Coverage: Mascarin
description: Coverage: Île Bourbon
description: Coverage: La Réunion
description: Coverage: Archipel des Mascareignes
description: Coverage: Saint-Paul
description: Temporal: start=1780; end=1946;
Constraints of anisotropy on warm power-law inflation in light of Planck results
Creators: name: Ghadiri, Zahra
name: Aghamohammadi, Ali
name: Refaei, Abdollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we examine the effects of anisotropy on a model of canonical warm inflation with the power-law potential. The results of this model are compared to Planck satellite observational data. Using a conventional local scalar fi?eld in the Bianchi type I metric, the slow-roll conditions and the suitable regions, where the free parameters of the model show a good agreement with Planck results, are investigated in detail. Following the usual calculations for warm inflationary approaches, the early universe in two different dissipative regimes, namely the weak dissipative and the strong dissipative ones, is investigated. In this regard, the slow-roll parameters and their observational indices in both regimes are obtained and finally, it is shown that this model is in good agreement with observatio
description: 16 page, 6 figures
Exploring dilemma games in sustainable urban planning: a Cypriot case study on urban rooftop utilization for climate change
Creators: name: Merry, Anna
name: Zachariou, Aravella
name: Yau, Jane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Video games
subject: Climatic changes

description:  

How effective are games-based activities in eliciting, representing and communicating citizens’ views on social dilemmas?

The focus of this research is a Cypriot case study on urban rooftop utilization for climate change. This poster presents a pilot study, indicating how a co-designed serious game can be utilized as a facilitation tool between citizens and policy makers.

Through learning and role-play scenarios, target groups can:

Voice their attitudes towards climate policies

Gain valuable insights into specific initiatives

Enhance their acceptance of green infrastructure and sustainable urban planning
Cosmic-Ray Transport in Varying Galactic Environments
Creators: name: Armillotta, Lucia
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
name: Jiang, Yan-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of mildly-relativistic cosmic rays (CRs) in multiphase interstellar medium environments with conditions typical of nearby disk galaxies. We employ the techniques developed in Armillotta+21 to post-process three high-resolution TIGRESS magnetohydrodynamic simulations modeling local patches of star-forming galactic disks. Together, the three simulations cover a wide range of gas surface density, gravitational potential, and star formation rate (SFR). Our prescription for CR propagation includes the effects of advection by the background gas, streaming along the magnetic field at the local ion Alfvén speed, and diffusion relative to the Alfvén waves, with the diffusion coefficient set by the balance between streaming-driven Alfvén wave excitation and damping mediated by local gas properties. We find that the combined transport processes are more effective in environments with higher SFR. These environments are characterized by higher-velocity hot outflows (created by clustered supernovae) that rapidly advect CRs away from the galactic plane. As a consequence, the ratio of midplane CR pressure to midplane gas pressures decreases with increasing SFR. We also use the post-processed simulations to make predictions regarding potential dynamical impacts of CRs. The relatively flat CR pressure profiles near the midplane argue that they would not provide significant support against gravity for most of the ISM mass. However, the CR pressure gradients are larger than the other pressure gradients in the extra-planar region (|z|>0.5 kpc), suggesting that CRs may affect the dynamics of galactic fountains and/or winds. The degree of this impact is expected to increase in environments with lower SFR.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Patient and healthcare worker perspectives on the short-course regimen for drug-resistant tuberculosis in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Horter, Shona
name: Achar, Jay
name: Gray, Nell
name: Parpieva, Nargiza
name: Tigay, Zinaida
name: Singh, Jatinder
name: Stringer, Beverley
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Poster presented at MSF Scientific Days International (London), May 13/14, 2020.
FLAGS, frequently mutated genes in public exomes
Creators: name: Shyr, Casper
name: Tarailo-Graovac, Maja
name: Gottlieb, Michael
name: Lee, Jessica J.
name: Van Karnebeek, Clara
name: Wasserman, Wyeth W.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Dramatic improvements in DNA-sequencing technologies and computational analyses have led to wide use of whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify the genetic basis of Mendelian disorders. More than 180 novel rare-disease-causing genes with Mendelian inheritance patterns have been discovered through sequencing the exomes of just a few unrelated individuals or family members. As rare/novel genetic variants continue to be uncovered, there is a major challenge in distinguishing true pathogenic variants from rare benign mutations. Methods We used publicly available exome cohorts, together with the dbSNP database, to derive a list of genes (n = 100) that most frequently exhibit rare (<1%) non-synonymous/splice-site variants in general populations. We termed these genes FLAGS for FrequentLy mutAted GeneS and analyzed their properties. Results Analysis of FLAGS revealed that these genes have significantly longer protein coding sequences, a greater number of paralogs and display less evolutionarily selective pressure than expected. FLAGS are more frequently reported in PubMed clinical literature and more frequently associated with diseased phenotypes compared to the set of human protein-coding genes. We demonstrated an overlap between FLAGS and the rare-disease causing genes recently discovered through WES studies (n = 10) and the need for replication studies and rigorous statistical and biological analyses when associating FLAGS to rare disease. Finally, we showed how FLAGS are applied in disease-causing variant prioritization approach on exome data from a family affected by an unknown rare genetic disorder. Conclusions We showed that some genes are frequently affected by rare, likely functional variants in general population, and are frequently observed in WES studies analyzing diverse rare phenotypes. We found that the rate at which genes accumulate rare mutations is beneficial information for prioritizing candidates. We provided a ranking system based on the mutation accumulation rates for prioritizing exome-captured human genes, and propose that clinical reports associating any disease/phenotype to FLAGS be evaluated with extra caution.
On the off-shell superfield Lagrangian formulation of $4D$, $\mathcal{N}{=}\,1$ supersymmetric infinite spin theory
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Fedoruk, S. A.
name: Isaev, A. P.
name: Krykhtin, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a complete off-shell Lagrangian description of the free $4D, {\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric theory of infinite spin. Bosonic and fermionic fields are formulated in terms of spin-tensor fields with dotted and undotted indices. The corresponding Lagrangians for bosonic and fermionic infinite spin fields entering into the on-shell supersymmetric model are derived within the BRST method. Lagrangian for this supersymmetric model is written in terms of the complex infinite spin bosonic field and infinite spin fermionic Weyl field subject to supersymmetry transformations. The fields involved into the on-shell supersymmetric Lagrangian can be considered as components of six infinite spin chiral and antichiral multiplets. These multiplets are extended to the corresponding infinite spin chiral and antichiral superfields so that two chiral and antichiral superfields contain among the components the basic fields of an infinite spin supermultiplet and extra four chiral and antichiral superfields containing only the auxiliary fields needed for the Lagrangian formulation. The superfield Lagrangian is constructed in terms of these six chiral and antichiral supefields, and we show that the component form of this superfield Lagrangian exactly coincides with the previously found component supersymmetric Lagrangian after eliminating the component fields added to construct (anti)chiral superfields.
description: v2: minor corrections
Bythinella kithiraensis Glöer & Hirschfelder, 2020, n. sp.
Creators: name: Glöer, Peter
name: Hirschfelder, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Bythinellidae
Bythinella
Bythinella kithiraensis

description: Bythinella kithiraensis n. sp. [fig. 2.8]
 Type locality: Greece, Attica, Kithira Island, Mylopotamos, “Valley of the Mills”, tiny spring beside the big waterfall, N 36°14'38.8" / E 22°56'42.0", 275 m a.s.l., 19.10.2019, leg. Hans-Jürgen Hirschfelder.
 Type Material: Holotype (ZMH 140690): Shell height 2.4 mm, shell width 1.4 mm. Paratypes from type locality: ZMH (140691/1), coll. Hirschfelder (2 adult, 6 subadult).
 Etymology: The new species is named after Kithira Island.
 Description:
 Shell: The shell is cylindrical with a small and broad flat apex. The 4.5-5 whorls are convex with a deep suture. The body whorl takes about 0.6 of shell height. The aperture is ovate, with a sharp peristome. The umbilicus is closed. The shell is 2.2-2.5 mm high and 1.3-1.4 mm broad.
 Differentiating characters: Both Kithiran species are smaller than the species of southern Peloponnese except B. beckmanni. The shell of B. amira n. sp. is in average higher, more conical with a smaller apex than B. kithiraensis n. sp. and the length to width ratio is about 1,9 whereas the latter shows a ratio of about 1.75.
 Associated species: Pseudamnicola magdalenae, Gyraulus sp.
 Distribution: Only known from type locality in western Kithira Island.
 Remarks: This species was not found in the big spring in the center of Mylopotamos.
description: Published as part of Glöer, Peter & Hirschfelder, Hans-Jürgen, 2020, Some new Bythinella spp. from southern Greece (Gastropoda: Bythinellidae), pp. 60-67 in Ecologica Montenegrina 30 on page 65, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.30.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13231395
The inverse scattering transform for weak Wigner-von Neumann type potentials
Creators: name: Grudsky, Sergei
name: Rybkin, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the Cauchy problem for the Korteweg-de Vries equation we extend the inverse scattering transform to initial data that behave at plus infinity like a sum of Wigner-von Neumann type potentials with small coupling constants. Our arguments are based on the theory of Hankel operators.
description: To appear in Nonlinearity
Wayne State Universitys Dan Zowada Memorial Observatory: Characterization and Pipeline of a 0.5 Meter Robotic Telescope
Creators: name: Carr, Robert
name: Cinabro, David
name: Cackett, Edward
name: Moutard, David
name: Carroll, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wayne State University's Dan Zowada Memorial Observatory is a fully robotic 0.5m telescope and imaging system located under the dark skies of New Mexico. The observatory is particularly suited to time domain astronomy: the observation of variable objects, such as tidal disruption events, supernovae, and active galactic nuclei. We have developed a software suite for image reduction, alignment and stacking, and calculation of absolute photometry in the Sloan filters used at the telescope. Our pipeline also performs image subtraction to enable photometry of objects embedded in bright backgrounds such as galaxies. The 5 sigma detection limit of the Zowada Observatory for integration of 16 x 90 second exposures is 19.0 magnitude in g-band, 18.1 magnitude in r-band, 17.9 magnitude in i-band, and 16.6 magnitude in z-band. For a 3 sigma detection limit, measurements may be performed with greater uncertainties as deep as 19.9, 19.1. 18.9 and 17.5 magnitude in griz bands, respectively.
description: Accepted by Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 11 pages, 7 figures
Well-defined equations of motion without constraint of external sources
Creators: name: Croker, Kevin S.
name: Weiner, Joel L.
name: Farrah, Duncan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to constrained classical fields that enables the action formalism to dictate how external sources must enter the resulting equations of motion. If symmetries asserted upon the varied fields can be modeled as restrictions in Fourier space, we prove that these restrictions are automatically applied to external sources in an unambiguous way. In contrast, the typical procedure inserts symmetric ansatze into the Euler-Lagrange differential equations, even for external sources not being solved. This requires ad hoc constraint of external sources, which can introduce leading-order errors to model systems despite superficial consistency between model field and source terms. To demonstrate, we consider Robertson-Walker cosmologies within General Relativity and prove that the influence of point-like relativistic pressure sources on cosmological dynamics cannot be excluded by theoretical arguments.
description: 3 pages, accepted at PRD
Time-Varying Magnetopause Reconnection during Sudden Commencement: Global MHD Simulations
Creators: name: Eggington, J. W. B.
name: Desai, R. T.
name: Mejnertsen, L.
name: Chittenden, J. P.
name: Eastwood, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In response to a solar wind dynamic pressure enhancement, the compression of the magnetosphere generates strong ionospheric signatures and a sharp variation in the ground magnetic field, termed sudden commencement (SC). Whilst such compressions have also been associated with a contraction of the ionospheric polar cap due to the triggering of reconnection in the magnetotail, the effect of any changes in dayside reconnection is less clear and is a key component in fully understanding the system response. In this study we explore the time-dependent nature of dayside coupling during SC by performing global simulations using the Gorgon MHD code, and impact the magnetosphere with a series of interplanetary shocks with different parameters. We identify the location and evolution of the reconnection region in each case as the shock propagates through the magnetosphere, finding strong enhancement in the dayside reconnection rate and prompt expansion of the dayside polar cap prior to the eventual triggering of tail reconnection. This effect pervades for a variety of IMF orientations, and the reconnection rate is most enhanced for events with higher dynamic pressure. We explain this by repeating the simulations with a large explicit resistivity, showing that compression of the magnetosheath plasma near the propagating shock front allows for reconnection of much greater intensity and at different locations on the dayside magnetopause than during typical solar wind conditions. The results indicate that the dynamic behaviour of dayside coupling may render steady models of reconnection inaccurate during the onset of a severe space weather event.
ImmunoLingo: Linguistics-based formalization of the antibody language
Creators: name: Vu, Mai Ha
name: Robert, Philippe A.
name: Akbar, Rahmad
name: Swiatczak, Bartlomiej
name: Sandve, Geir Kjetil
name: Haug, Dag Trygve Truslew
name: Greiff, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Apparent parallels between natural language and biological sequence have led to a recent surge in the application of deep language models (LMs) to the analysis of antibody and other biological sequences. However, a lack of a rigorous linguistic formalization of biological sequence languages, which would define basic components, such as lexicon (i.e., the discrete units of the language) and grammar (i.e., the rules that link sequence well-formedness, structure, and meaning) has led to largely domain-unspecific applications of LMs, which do not take into account the underlying structure of the biological sequences studied. A linguistic formalization, on the other hand, establishes linguistically-informed and thus domain-adapted components for LM applications. It would facilitate a better understanding of how differences and similarities between natural language and biological sequences influence the quality of LMs, which is crucial for the design of interpretable models with extractable sequence-functions relationship rules, such as the ones underlying the antibody specificity prediction problem. Deciphering the rules of antibody specificity is crucial to accelerating rational and in silico biotherapeutic drug design. Here, we formalize the properties of the antibody language and thereby establish not only a foundation for the application of linguistic tools in adaptive immune receptor analysis but also for the systematic immunolinguistic studies of immune receptor specificity in general.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Relationship between exposure to the Avahan intervention and levels of reported condom use among men who have sex with men in southern India
Creators: name: Mitchell, Kate M.
name: Foss, Anna M.
name: Ramesh, Banadakoppa M.
name: Washington, Reynold
name: Isac, Shajy
name: Prudden, Holly J.
name: Deering, Kathleen N.
name: Blanchard, James F.
name: Moses, Stephen
name: Lowndes, Catherine M.
name: Boily, Marie-Claude
name: Alary, Michel
name: Vickerman, Peter
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: The Avahan intervention promotes consistent (100%) condom use amongst men who have sex with men in southern India. We assessed how condom use varies with intervention exposure for men who have sex with men in Bangalore. Methods: Self-reported condom use and intervention exposure data were derived from a cross-sectional survey. Consistent condom use and condom use at last sex act with all, main, and casual male sex partners were assessed. Binary and continuous variables reflecting intervention exposure (including contact(s) with intervention staff, receiving condoms and seeing condom demonstrations) were used. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the relationship between condom use with each type of partner and each exposure variable independently, controlling for socio-demographic and behavioural factors associated with condom use or intervention exposure. Results: Condom use with all partners was higher among those who had ever been contacted by, received condoms from, or seen a condom demonstration by intervention staff (adjusted odds ratio >2, p < 0.02 for all). Consistent condom use with all types of partner increased with the number of condom demonstrations seen in the last month (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1 per demonstration, p < 0.025), while condom use at last sex act with a casual (but not main) partner increased with the number of condoms received from the intervention (adjusted odds ratio = 1.4 per condom, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Direct contact with Avahan program staff is associated with increased reported condom use among men who have sex with men in Bangalore. Reported consistent condom use and condom use at last sex act are associated with contacts involving demonstrations of correct condom use, and with receiving condoms, respectively.
Kaiser Family Foundation Poll: May 2020 Kaiser Health Tracking Poll
Creators: name: Kaiser Family Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Feelings about coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) (1); registered to vote (1); issues affecting decision about who to vote for in 2020 presidential election (10); Affordable Care Act (ACA) (1); Medicare-for-all (1); government-administered health plan/public option (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); Trump's handling of various issues (3); own state's easing of social distancing restrictions (1); understanding which activities are safe during coronavirus outbreak (2); likelihood of taking part in various activities in next three months (7); wearing protective mask (1); should Trump wear protective mask (1); Medicaid (4); decrease state government spending (8); impact of coronavirus on health (2); negative impacts of outbreak on daily life (15); various actions taken because of outbreak (4); health insurance coverage (2); health status (1); work in health care setting (1); political partisanship (2); political ideology (1); likelihood of voting for Trump/Former Vice President Joe Biden in 2020 presidential election (1).
Fast Ewald summation for Stokes flow with arbitrary periodicity
Creators: name: Bagge, Joar
name: Tornberg, Anna-Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A fast and spectrally accurate Ewald summation method for the evaluation of stokeslet, stresslet and rotlet potentials of three-dimensional Stokes flow is presented. This work extends the previously developed Spectral Ewald method for Stokes flow to periodic boundary conditions in any number (three, two, one, or none) of the spatial directions, in a unified framework. The periodic potential is split into a short-range and a long-range part, where the latter is treated in Fourier space using the fast Fourier transform. A crucial component of the method is the modified kernels used to treat singular integration. We derive new modified kernels, and new improved truncation error estimates for the stokeslet and stresslet. An automated procedure for selecting parameters based on a given error tolerance is designed and tested. Analytical formulas for validation in the doubly and singly periodic cases are presented. We show that the computational time of the method scales like O(N log N) for N sources and targets, and investigate how the time depends on the error tolerance and window function, i.e. the function used to smoothly spread irregular point data to a uniform grid. The method is fastest in the fully periodic case, while the run time in the free-space case is around three times as large. Furthermore, the highest efficiency is reached when applying the method to a uniform source distribution in a primary cell with low aspect ratio. The work presented in this paper enables efficient and accurate simulations of three-dimensional Stokes flow with arbitrary periodicity using e.g. boundary integral and potential methods.
description: 54 pages, 15 figures
Astrophysical reaction rates with realistic nuclear level densities
Creators: name: Sangeeta
name: Ghosh, T.
name: Maheshwari, B.
name: Saxena, G.
name: Agrawal, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic nuclear level densities (NLDs) obtained within the spectral distribution method (SDM) are employed to study nuclear processes of astrophysical interest. The merit of SDM lies in the fact that the NLDs corresponding to many body shell model Hamiltonian consisting of residual interaction can be obtained for the full configurational space without recourse to the exact diagnolization of huge matrices. We calculate NLDs and s-wave neutron resonance spacings which agree reasonably well with the available experimental data. By employing these NLDs, we compute reaction cross-sections and astrophysical reaction rates for radiative neutron capture in few Fe-group nuclei, and compare them with experimental data as well as with those obtained with NLDs from phenomenological and microscopic mean-field models. The results obtained for the NLDs from SDM are able to explain the experimental data quite well. These results are of particular importance since the configuration mixing through the residual interaction naturally accounts for the collective excitations. In the mean-field models, the collective effects are included through the vibrational and rotational enhancement factors and their NLDs are further normalized at low energies with neutron resonance data.
description: Accepted in Physical Review C (2022)
Spectroscopic Observation and Modeling of Photonic Modes in CeO2 Nanocubes
Creators: name: Wang, Yifan
name: Yang, Shize
name: Crozier, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic modes in dielectric nanostructures, e.g., wide gap semiconductor like CeO2 (ceria), has potential for various applications such as light harvesting and information transmission. To fully understand the properties of such phenomenon in nanoscale, we applied electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to detect such modes in a well-defined ceria nanocube. Through spectra and mapping, we demonstrated a geometrical difference of mode excitation. By comparing various spectra taken at different location relative to the cube, we also showed the transmission properties of the mode. To confirm our observation, we performed EELS simulation with finite-element dielectric calculations in COMSOL Multiphysics. We also revealed the origin of the modes through the calculation. We purposed a simple analytical model to estimate the energy of photonic modes as well. In all, this work gave a fine description of the photonic modes' properties in nanostructures, while demonstrating the advantage of EELS in characterizing optical phenomena in nanoscale.
Determining the seismic age of the young open cluster $α$ Per using $δ$ Scuti stars
Creators: name: Ortega, David Pamos
name: Hernández, Antonio García
name: Yanes, Juan Carlos Suárez
name: Granado, Javier Pascual
name: Forteza, Sebastià Barceló
name: Rodón, José Ramón
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we aim at constraining the age of the young open cluster Melotte 20, known as $α$ Per, using seismic indices. The method consists of the following steps: 1) Extract the frequency content of a sample of stars in the field of an open cluster. 2) Search for possible regularities in the frequency spectra of $δ$ Scuti candidates, using different techniques, such as the Fourier transform, the autocorrelation function, the histogram of frequency differences and the échelle diagram. 3) Constrain the age of the selected stars by both the physical parameters and seismic indices by comparing them with a grid of asteroseismic models representative of $δ$ Scuti stars. 4) Find possible common ages between these stars to determine the age of the cluster. We performed the pulsation analysis with MultiModes, a rapid, accurate and powerful open-source code, which is presented in this paper. The result is that the age of $α$ Per could be between 96 and 100 Myr. This is an improvement over different techniques in the past. We therefore show that space astroseismology is capable of taking important steps in the dating of young open clusters.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, uses the open-source code MultiModes (see https://github.com/davidpamos/MultiModes). It will be published in MNRAS
Constraining the parameterized neutron star equation of state with astronomical observations
Creators: name: Singha, Jaikhomba
name: Vaneshwar, S. Mullai
name: Kumar, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilise the phenomenologically parameterized piecewise polytropic equations of state to study various neutron star properties. We investigate the compliance of these equations of state with several astronomical observations. We also demonstrate that the theoretical estimates of the fractional moment of inertia cannot explain all the pulsar glitches observed. We model the crust as a solid spheroidal shell to calculate the fractional moment of inertia of fast-spinning neutron stars. We also show that the braking index obtained in a simple magnetic dipole radiation model with a varying moment of inertia deviates significantly from the observed data. Future developments in both theory and observations may allow us to use the fractional moment of inertia and braking index as observational constraints for neutron star equation of state.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy nd Astrophysics (RAA) journal. 12 pgs, 6 figures
IGFBP-4 and −5 are expressed in first-trimester villi and differentially regulate the migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells
Creators: name: Crosley, Erin J
name: Dunk, Caroline E
name: Beristain, Alexander G
name: Christians, Julian K
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Adverse gestational outcomes such as preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are associated with placental insufficiency. Normal placental development relies on the insulin-like growth factors -I and -II (IGF-I and -II), in part to stimulate trophoblast proliferation and extravillous trophoblast (EVT) migration. The insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) modulate the bioavailability of IGFs in various ways, including sequestration, potentiation, and/or increase in half-life. The roles of IGFBP-4 and −5 in the placenta are unknown, despite consistent associations between pregnancy complications and the levels of two IGFBP-4 and/or −5 proteases, pregnancy-associated plasma protein -A and -A2 (PAPP-A and PAPP-A2). The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of IGFBP-4 and −5 on IGF-I and IGF-II in a model of EVT migration. A related objective was to determine the timing and location of IGFBP-4 and −5 expression in the placental villi. Methods: We used wound healing assays to examine the effects of IGFBP-4 and −5 on the migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells following 4 hours of serum starvation and 24 hours of treatment. Localization of IGFBP-4, −5 and PAPP-A2 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of first trimester placental sections. Results: 2 nM IGF-I and -II each increased HTR-8/SVneo cell migration with IGF-I increasing migration significantly more than IGF-II. IGFBP-4 and −5 showed different levels of inhibition against IGF-I. 20 nM IGFBP-4 completely blocked the effects of 2 nM IGF-I, while 20 nM IGFBP-5 significantly reduced the effects of 2 nM IGF-I, but not to control levels. Either 20 nM IGFBP-4 or 20 nM IGFBP-5 completely blocked the effects of 2 nM IGF-II. Immunohistochemistry revealed co-localization of IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and PAPP-A2 in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of first trimester placental villi as early as 5 weeks of gestational age. Conclusions: IGFBP-4 and −5 show different levels of inhibition on the migration-stimulating effects of IGF-I and IGF-II, suggesting different roles for PAPP-A and PAPP-A2. Moreover, co-localization of the pappalysins and their substrates within placental villi suggests undescribed roles of these molecules in early placental development.
Intermediaries and end-users in telehealth and education
Creators: name: Watkins, Jerry
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This article reviews the role of intermediaries and end-users in a number of recent telehealth and education initiatives, in relation to policy discussion about Australia's National Broadband Network. Intermediaries are defined as human agents who provide an interface between end-users and systems supported by information and communication technology. Most of the telehealth and education projects examined form part of the Australian Federal Government's Clever Networks program. The activities these projects cover include videoconferencing for at-home diagnosis of patients, aggregation of patient records from multiple databases, and secure educational networking. The article refers to sociotechnical systems theory, which considers end-users and intermediaries as equal players with technology. Using this theoretical basis, it is argued that end-users and intermediaries should be factored into system and policy design for telehealth and education.
Iterative, Deep Synthetic Aperture Sonar Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Sun, Yung-Chen
name: Gerg, Isaac D.
name: Monga, Vishal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) systems produce high-resolution images of the seabed environment. Moreover, deep learning has demonstrated superior ability in finding robust features for automating imagery analysis. However, the success of deep learning is conditioned on having lots of labeled training data, but obtaining generous pixel-level annotations of SAS imagery is often practically infeasible. This challenge has thus far limited the adoption of deep learning methods for SAS segmentation. Algorithms exist to segment SAS imagery in an unsupervised manner, but they lack the benefit of state-of-the-art learning methods and the results present significant room for improvement. In view of the above, we propose a new iterative algorithm for unsupervised SAS image segmentation combining superpixel formation, deep learning, and traditional clustering methods. We call our method Iterative Deep Unsupervised Segmentation (IDUS). IDUS is an unsupervised learning framework that can be divided into four main steps: 1) A deep network estimates class assignments. 2) Low-level image features from the deep network are clustered into superpixels. 3) Superpixels are clustered into class assignments (which we call pseudo-labels) using $k$-means. 4) Resulting pseudo-labels are used for loss backpropagation of the deep network prediction. These four steps are performed iteratively until convergence. A comparison of IDUS to current state-of-the-art methods on a realistic benchmark dataset for SAS image segmentation demonstrates the benefits of our proposal even as the IDUS incurs a much lower computational burden during inference (actual labeling of a test image). Finally, we also develop a semi-supervised (SS) extension of IDUS called IDSS and demonstrate experimentally that it can further enhance performance while outperforming supervised alternatives that exploit the same labeled training imagery.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2107.14563
SHOP: A Deep Learning Based Pipeline for near Real-Time Detection of Small Handheld Objects Present in Blurry Video
Creators: name: Ganguly, Abhinav
name: Gandhi, Amar C
name: E, Sylvia
name: Chang, Jeffrey D
name: Hudson, Ian M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While prior works have investigated and developed computational models capable of object detection, models still struggle to reliably interpret images with motion blur and small objects. Moreover, none of these models are specifically designed for handheld object detection. In this work, we present SHOP (Small Handheld Object Pipeline), a pipeline that reliably and efficiently interprets blurry images containing handheld objects. The specific models used in each stage of the pipeline are flexible and can be changed based on performance requirements. First, images are deblurred and then run through a pose detection system where areas-of-interest are proposed around the hands of any people present. Next, object detection is performed on the images by a single-stage object detector. Finally, the proposed areas-of-interest are used to filter out low confidence detections. Testing on a handheld subset of Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO) demonstrates that this 3 stage process results in a 70 percent decrease in false positives while only reducing true positives by 17 percent in its strongest configuration. We also present a subset of MS COCO consisting solely of handheld objects that can be used to continue the development of handheld object detection methods. https://github.com/spider-sense/SHOP
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to IEEE SoutheastCon 2022
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
Creators: name: Barutzki, Dieter
name: Schaper, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Metastrongylidae
Aelurostrongylus
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

description: Treatment of A. abstrusus infections
Currently, there is no licenced drug available in Germany for the treatment of aelurostrongylosis. There is published evidence of successful treatment of the infection with a number of different anthelmintics. Roberson and Burke (1980) demonstrated partial efficacy of fenbendazole when administered orally over three consecutive days at 50 mg /kg bw against adult parasites and transitory effects on larval shedding in experimentally infected cats. Hamilton et al. (1984) reported successful treatment of aelurostrongylosis in cats with fenbendazole given at 50 mg /kg bw over more than three consecutive days.
Schmid and Duewel (1990) and Barrs et al. (1999) confirmed the efficacy of fenbendazole at 50 mg /kg bw if administered over three consecutive days. An 18.75 % fenbendazole paste formulation administered at that dose and treatment interval is licensed in the UK for this indication.
 Macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin and selamectin) have been evaluated in natural A. abstrusus infection in various doses and treatment regimens in a few reports, although they were not considered to be completely satisfactory due to only partial efficacy or the need for repeated administration (Kirkpatrick and Megella 1987; Blagburn et al. 1987; Grandi et al. 2005).
More recently, Traversa et al. (2009a, b) published data from a comparative study involving the 18.75 % fenbendazole paste (Panacur® MSD) administered at 50 mg /kg bw over three consecutive days, moxidectin (Advocate® Bayer) administered at 1 mg /kg bw moxidectin/ 10 mg imidacloprid given once as a spot-on treatment, and emodepside (Profender® Bayer) administered at 3 mg /kg bw emodepside/ 12 mg /kg bw praziquantel given once as a spot-on treatment. All products successfully eliminated larval shedding in naturally infected cats. Treatment of indocile and feral cats that may more often be infected with the parasite is difficult, especially when oral administration over a longer period is required. Application of a spot-on formulation, in contrast, is easier, will achieve a higher compliance rate and offers a worthwhile alternative to orally administered products.
description: Published as part of Barutzki, Dieter & Schaper, Roland, 2013, Occurrence and regional distribution of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in cats in Germany, pp. 855-861 in Parasitology Research (855) (855) 112 (2) on page 860, DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3207-0, http://zenodo.org/record/11376501
HAZMAT. VIII. A Spectroscopic Analysis of the Ultraviolet Evolution of K Stars: Additional Evidence for K Dwarf Rotational Stalling in the First Gigayear
Creators: name: Richey-Yowell, Tyler
name: Shkolnik, Evgenya L.
name: Loyd, R. O. Parke
name: Jackman, James A. G.
name: Schneider, Adam C.
name: Agüeros, Marcel A.
name: Barman, Travis
name: Meadows, Victoria S.
name: Gibson, Rose
name: Douglas, Stephanie T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efforts to discover and characterize habitable zone planets have primarily focused on Sun-like stars and M dwarfs. K stars, however, provide an appealing compromise between these two alternatives that has been relatively unexplored. Understanding the ultraviolet (UV) environment around such stars is critical to our understanding of their planets, as the UV can drastically alter the photochemistry of a planet's atmosphere. Here we present near-UV and far-UV \textit{Hubble Space Telescope}'s Cosmic Origins Spectrograph observations of 39 K stars at three distinct ages: 40 Myr, 650 Myr, and $\approx$5 Gyr. We find that the K star (0.6 -- 0.8 M$_{\odot}$) UV flux remains constant beyond 650 Myr before falling off by an order of magnitude by field age. This is distinct from early M stars (0.3 -- 0.6 M$_{\odot}$), which begin to decline after only a few hundred Myr. However, the rotation-UV activity relation for K stars is nearly identical to that of early M stars. These results may be a consequence of the spin-down stalling effect recently reported for K dwarfs, in which the spin-down of K stars halts for over a Gyr when their rotation periods reach $\approx$10 d, rather than the continuous spin down that G stars experience. These results imply that exoplanets orbiting K dwarfs may experience a stronger UV environment than thought, weakening the case for K stars as hosts of potential "super-habitable" planets.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Orders On Free Metabelian Groups
Creators: name: Wang, Wenhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A bi-order on a group $G$ is a total, bi-multiplication invariant order. A subset $S$ in an ordered group $(G,\leqslant)$ is convex if for all $f\leqslant g$ in $S$, every element $h\in G$ satisfying $f\leqslant h \leqslant g$ belongs to $S$. In this paper, we show that the derived subgroup of the free metabelian group of rank 2 is convex with respect to any bi-order. Moreover, we study the convex hull of the derived subgroup of a free metabelian group of higher rank. As an application, we prove that the space of bi-order of non-abelian free metabelian group of finite rank is homeomorphic to the Cantor set. In addition, we show that no bi-order for these groups can be recognised by a regular language.
description: 25 Pages. Some results are improved (Theorem B and C). The paper was re-organised following referee's suggestions
title: Understanding the Relationship Between Peer Mentoring and Undergraduate Capitalization
Creators: name: Holland, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010

description: Research has demonstrated the importance of various forms of mentoring across multiple contexts. However, the topic of informal peer mentors has not been sufficiently explored. This study investigated the role of peer mentors in encouraging participation in voluntary development activities (i.e., capitalization). An online survey was completed by 288 undergraduate students. As hypothesized, mentoring was positively related to high levels of participation in capitalization activities and intentions to mentor in the future, and capitalization participation was positively related to higher levels of student satisfaction, continuance commitment, and career involvement. Contrary to expectations, capitalization participation was not significantly related to affective commitment. However, the mentoring items did not appear to load as separate factors for psychosocial and career-related functions, preventing the testing of relationships with these specific dimensions of mentoring. Research implications, limitations, and future directions for research are discussed.