cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Testing and Containment Strategies for Universities in Mexico amid COVID-19
Creators: name: Benavides-Vázquez, Luis
name: Guzmán-Gutiérrez, Héctor Alonso
name: Jonnerby, Jakob
name: Lazos, Philip
name: Lock, Edwin
name: Marmolejo-Cossío, Francisco
name: Rajgopal, Ninad
name: Tello-Ayala, José Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work sets out a testing and containment framework developed for reopening universities in Mexico following the lockdown due to COVID-19. We treat diagnostic testing as a resource allocation problem and develop a testing allocation mechanism and practical web application to assist educational institutions in making the most of limited testing resources. In addition to the technical results and tools, we also provide a reflection on our current experience of running a pilot of our framework within the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM), a leading private university in Mexico, as well as on our broader experience bridging research with academic policy in the Mexican context.
MPEC 2023-P62 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 August 12)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
OGLE-2014-BLG-1112LB: A Microlensing Brown Dwarf Detected Through the Channel of a Gravitational Binary-Lens Event
Creators: name: Han, C.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Bozza, V.
name: ski, M. K. Szymań
name: Soszyński, I.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Mróz, P.
name: Poleski, R.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Kozłowski, S.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Wyrzykowski, Ł.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Hundertmark, M.
name: Jorgensen, U. G.
name: Scarpetta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the nature depending on only the gravitational field, microlensing, in principle, provides an important tool to detect faint and even dark brown dwarfs. However, the number of identified brown dwarfs is limited due to the difficulty of the lens mass measurement that is needed to check the substellar nature of the lensing object. In this work, we report a microlensing brown dwarf discovered from the analysis of the gravitational binary-lens event OGLE-2014-BLG-1112. We identify the brown-dwarf nature of the lens companion by measuring the lens mass from the detections of both microlens-parallax and finite-source effects. We find that the companion has a mass of $(3.03 \pm 0.78)\times 10^{-2}\ M_\odot$ and it is orbiting a solar-type primary star with a mass of $1.07 \pm 0.28\ M_\odot$. The estimated projected separation between the lens components is $9.63 \pm 1.33$ au and the distance to the lens is $4.84 \pm 0.67$ kpc. We discuss the usefulness of space-based microlensing observations in detecting brown dwarfs through the channel of binary-lens events.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Learning Multilingual Expressive Speech Representation for Prosody Prediction without Parallel Data
Creators: name: Duret, Jarod
name: Parcollet, Titouan
name: Estève, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method for speech-to-speech emotionpreserving translation that operates at the level of discrete speech units. Our approach relies on the use of multilingual emotion embedding that can capture affective information in a language-independent manner. We show that this embedding can be used to predict the pitch and duration of speech units in a target language, allowing us to resynthesize the source speech signal with the same emotional content. We evaluate our approach to English and French speech signals and show that it outperforms a baseline method that does not use emotional information, including when the emotion embedding is extracted from a different language. Even if this preliminary study does not address directly the machine translation issue, our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for cross-lingual emotion preservation in the context of speech resynthesis.
Continuous fuzzy measurement on two-level systems revisited
Creators: name: Sokolovski, D.
name: Rusconi, S.
name: Brouard, S.
name: Akhmatskaya, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imposing restrictions on the Feynman paths of the monitored system has in the past been proposed as a universal model-free approach to continuous quantum measurements. Here we revisit this proposition, and demonstrate that a Gaussian restriction, resulting in a sequence of many highly inaccurate (weak) von Neumann measurements, is not sufficiently strong to ensure proximity between a readout and the Feynman paths along which the monitored system evolves. Rather, in the continuous limit, the variations of a typical readout become much larger than the separation between the eigenvalues of the measured quantity. Thus, a typical readout is not represented by a nearly constant curve, correlating with one of the eigenvalues of the measured quantity $\a$, even when decoherence, or Zeno effect are achieved for the observed two-level system, and does not point directly to the system's final state. We show that the decoherence in a "free" system can be seen as induced by a Gaussian random walk with a drift, eventually directing the system towards one of the eigenstates of $\a$. A similar mechanism appears to be responsible for the Zeno effect in a driven system, when its Rabi oscillations are quenched by monitoring. Alongside the Gaussian case, which can only be studied numerically, we also consider a fully tractable model with a "hard wall" restriction, and show the results to be similar.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Residual Feature Pyramid Network for Enhancement of Vascular Patterns
Creators: name: Kotwal, Ketan
name: Marcel, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The accuracy of finger vein recognition systems gets degraded due to low and uneven contrast between veins and surroundings, often resulting in poor detection of vein patterns. We propose a finger-vein enhancement technique, ResFPN (Residual Feature Pyramid Network), as a generic preprocessing method agnostic to the recognition pipeline. A bottom-up pyramidal architecture using the novel Structure Detection block (SDBlock) facilitates extraction of veins of varied widths. Using a feature aggregation module (FAM), we combine these vein-structures, and train the proposed ResFPN for detection of veins across scales. With enhanced presentations, our experiments indicate a reduction upto 5% in the average recognition errors for commonly used recognition pipeline over two publicly available datasets. These improvements are persistent even in cross-dataset scenario where the dataset used to train the ResFPN is different from the one used for recognition.
description: published in Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPR-W) 2022
Primordial Black Holes and $r$-Process Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Fuller, George M.
name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Takhistov, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that some or all of the inventory of $r$-process nucleosynthesis can be produced in interactions of primordial black holes (PBHs) with neutron stars (NSs) if PBHs with masses ${10}^{-14}\,{\rm M}_\odot < {\rm M}_{\rm PBH} < {10}^{-8}\,{\rm M}_\odot$ make up a few percent or more of the dark matter. A PBH captured by a neutron star (NS) sinks to the center of the NS and consumes it from the inside. When this occurs in a rotating millisecond-period NS, the resulting spin-up ejects $\sim 0.1-0.5\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$ of relatively cold neutron-rich material. This ejection process and the accompanying decompression and decay of nuclear matter can produce electromagnetic transients, such as a kilonova-type afterglow and fast radio bursts. These transients are not accompanied by significant gravitational radiation or neutrinos, allowing such events to be differentiated from compact object mergers occurring within the distance sensitivity limits of gravitational wave observatories. The PBH-NS destruction scenario is consistent with pulsar and NS statistics, the dark matter content and spatial distributions in the Galaxy and Ultra Faint Dwarfs (UFD), as well as with the $r$-process content and evolution histories in these sites. Ejected matter is heated by beta decay, which leads to emission of positrons in an amount consistent with the observed 511-keV line from the Galactic Center.
description: 6 pages + 3 page supplement, 3 figures; matches published version
Black Hole Solutions Surrounded by Perfect Fluid in Rastall Theory
Creators: name: Heydarzade, Y.
name: Darabi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we obtain uncharged\charged Kiselev-like black holes as a new class of black hole solutions surrounded by perfect fluid in the context of Rastall theory. Then, we study the specific cases of the uncharged\charged black holes surrounded by regular matter like dust and radiation, or exotic matter like quintessence, cosmological constant and phantom fields. By comparing the Kiselev-like black hole solutions in Rastall theory with the Kiselev black hole solutions in GR, we find an effective perfect fluid behaviour for the black hole's surrounding field. It is shown that the corresponding effective perfect fluid has interesting characteristic features depending on the different ranges of the parameters in Rastall theory. For instance, Kiselev-like black holes surrounded by regular matter in Rastall theory may be considered as Kiselev black holes surrounded by exotic matter in GR, or Kiselev-like black holes surrounded by exotic matter in Rastall theory may be considered as Kiselev black holes surrounded by regular matter in GR.
description: 15 Paes, 6 Tables
Darboux-Backlund transformations, dressing & impurities in multi-component NLS
Creators: name: Adamopoulou, Panagiota
name: Doikou, Anastasia
name: Papamikos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the discrete and continuous vector non-linear Schrodinger (NLS) model. We focus on the case where space-like local discontinuities are present, and we are primarily interested in the time evolution on the defect point. This in turn yields the time part of a typical Darboux-Backlund transformation. Within this spirit we then explicitly work out the generic Backlund transformation and the dressing associated to both discrete and continuous spectrum, i.e. the Darboux transformation is expressed in the matrix and integral representation respectively.
description: 30 pages, Latex. Typos corrected, version to appear in NBP
Anomalous Hall effect in 2$H$-phase transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers on ferromagnetic substrates
Creators: name: Habe, Tetsuro
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the anomalous Hall effect in monolayers of transition-metal dichalcogenides 2H-$MX_2$ ($M$=Mo, W, and $X$=S, Se, Te) under a proximity effect of ferromagnetic substrate. If a proximity-induced exchange field is introduced, the spin-polarized energy bands in $K$ and $K'$ valleys are shifted in the opposite directions, and it causes the Hall effect by breaking time-reversal symmetry. The induced Hall effect is the most prominent in the valence band which has a large intrinsic spin splitting. Moreover, we find that tilting the magnetization from the perpendicular direction gives rise to a sensitive change in the Hall conductivity only in the electron side, and it is attributed to the mixing of the Berry phase by the in-plane field in the nearly degenerate conduction bands.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
A flaring magnetar in FRB 121102?
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The persistent radio counterpart of FRB 121102 is estimated to have $N\sim 10^{52}$ particles, energy $E_N\sim 10^{48}$ erg, and size $R\sim 10^{17}$ cm. The source can be a nebula inflated and heated by an intermittent outflow from a magnetar --- a neutron star powered by its magnetic (rather than rotational) energy. The object is young and frequently liberating energy in magnetic flares driven by accelerated ambipolar diffusion in the neutron star core, feeding the nebula and producing bright millisecond bursts. The particle number in the nebula is consistent with ion ejecta from giant flares. The nebula may also contain the freeze-out of electron-positron pairs $N_\pm\sim 10^{51}$ created months after the neutron star birth; the same mechanism offers an explanation for $N_\pm$ in the Crab nebula. The persistent source around FRB 121102 is likely heated by magnetic dissipation and internal waves excited by the magnetar ejecta. The volumetric heating by waves explains the nebula's enormous efficiency in producing radio emission. The repeating radio bursts are suggested to occur much closer to the magnetar, whose flaring magnetosphere drives ultrarelativistic internal shocks into the magnetar wind. The shocks are mediated by Larmor rotation that forms a GHz maser with the observed ms duration. Furthermore, the flare ejecta can become charge-starved and then convert to electromagnetic waves.
description: 5 pages, ApJL, in press
Superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behavior near a nematic quantum critical point
Creators: name: Lederer, Samuel
name: Schattner, Yoni
name: Berg, Erez
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo, we compute the properties of a lattice model with spin $\frac 1 2$ itinerant electrons tuned through a quantum phase transition to an Ising nematic phase. The nematic fluctuations induce superconductivity with a broad dome in the superconducting $T_c$ enclosing the nematic quantum critical point. For temperatures above $T_c$, we see strikingly non-Fermi liquid behavior, including a "nodal - anti nodal dichotomy" reminiscent of that seen in several transition metal oxides. In addition, the critical fluctuations have a strong effect on the low frequency optical conductivity, resulting in behavior consistent with "bad metal" phenomenology.
Modelling, Visualising and Preserving Intermediality: Annemarie Schwarzenbach's Letters, Photographs and Small Forms
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Elias
name: Kohler, Daniela
name: Dängeli, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Modelling, Visualising and Preserving Intermediality: Annemarie Schwarzenbach's Letters, Photographs and Small Forms (‘Kleine Formen’)

The work of Swiss writer, photographer, and travel journalist Annemarie Schwarzenbach (1908-1942) is characterised by a high degree of intermedial relationships between texts, photographs and other materials. Her letters, photographs and Small Forms form part of the literary estate held at the Swiss Literary Archive/National Library of Switzerland in Bern and have not been edited to date. Under the provision of a successful grant application, work on the edition will start mid 2024.

This contribution discusses adaequate ways to edit the materials to make them available for further research, notably with a focus on questions of intermediality.
Most incompatible measurements for robust steering tests
Creators: name: Bavaresco, Jessica
name: Quintino, Marco Túlio
name: Guerini, Leonardo
name: Maciel, Thiago O.
name: Cavalcanti, Daniel
name: Cunha, Marcelo Terra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of characterizing the steerability of quantum states under restrictive measurement scenarios, i.e., the problem of determining whether a quantum state can demonstrate steering when subjected to $N$ measurements of $k$ outcomes. We consider the cases of either general positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) or specific kinds of measurements (e.g., projective or symmetric). We propose general methods to calculate lower and upper bounds for the white-noise robustness of a $d$-dimensional quantum state under different measurement scenarios that are also applicable to the study of the noise robustness of the incompatibility of sets of unknown qudit measurements. We show that some mutually unbiased bases, symmetric informationally complete measurements, and other symmetric choices of measurements are not optimal for steering isotropic states and provide candidates to the most incompatible sets of measurements in each case. Finally, we provide numerical evidence that nonprojective POVMs do not improve over projective ones for this task.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. All code is available at https://git.io/v9znv
Search for pair-produced vector-like top and bottom partners in events with large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: transverse momentum, missing-energy
p p, scattering
quark, pair
family, 3
quark, mass
TeV
branching ratio
ATLAS
5/3
lepton
CERN LHC Coll
Higgs particle
doublet

description: A search for pair-produced vector-like quarks using events with exactly one lepton ($e$ or $\mu$), at least four jets including at least one $b$-tagged jet, and large missing transverse momentum is presented. Data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC from 2015 to 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$, are analysed. Vector-like partners $T$ and $B$ of the top and bottom quarks are considered, as is a vector-like $X$ with charge +5/3, assuming their decay into a $W$, $Z$, or Higgs boson and a third-generation quark. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed. Upper limits on the production cross-section of $T$ and $B$ quark pairs as a function of their mass are derived for various decay branching ratio scenarios. The strongest lower limits on the masses are 1.59 TeV assuming mass-degenerate VLQs and branching ratios corresponding to the weak-isospin doublet model, and 1.47 TeV (1.46 TeV) for exclusive $T \rightarrow Zt$ ($B/X \rightarrow Wt$) decays. In addition, lower limits on the $T$ and $B$ quark masses are derived for all possible branching ratios.
Measurement of the $CP$ properties of Higgs boson interactions with $\tau$-leptons with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: Higgs particle, interaction
interaction, Yukawa
ATLAS
mixing angle
parity
charge conjugation
hadronic decay
CERN LHC Coll
TeV

description: A study of the charge conjugation and parity ($CP$) properties of the interaction between the Higgs boson and $\tau$-leptons is presented. The study is based on a measurement of $CP$-sensitive angular observables defined by the visible decay products of $\tau$-lepton decays, where at least one hadronic decay is required. The analysis uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton$-$proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}= 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Contributions from $CP$-violating interactions between the Higgs boson and $\tau$-leptons are described by a single mixing angle parameter $\phi_{\tau}$ in the generalised Yukawa interaction. Without assuming the Standard Model hypothesis for the $H\rightarrow\tau\tau$ signal strength, the mixing angle $\phi_{\tau}$ is measured to be $9^{\circ} \pm 16^{\circ}$, with an expected value of $0^{\circ} \pm 28^{\circ}$ at the 68% confidence level. The pure $CP$-odd hypothesis is disfavoured at a level of 3.4 standard deviations. The results are compatible with the predictions for the Higgs boson in the Standard Model.
Curtailing the Dark Side in Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Coloma, Pilar
name: Denton, Peter B.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Maltoni, Michele
name: Schwetz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In presence of non-standard neutrino interactions the neutrino flavor evolution equation is affected by a degeneracy which leads to the so-called LMA-Dark solution. It requires a solar mixing angle in the second octant and implies an ambiguity in the neutrino mass ordering. Non-oscillation experiments are required to break this degeneracy. We perform a combined analysis of data from oscillation experiments with the neutrino scattering experiments CHARM and NuTeV. We find that the degeneracy can be lifted if the non-standard neutrino interactions take place with down quarks, but it remains for up quarks. However, CHARM and NuTeV constraints apply only if the new interactions take place through mediators not much lighter than the electroweak scale. For light mediators we consider the possibility to resolve the degeneracy by using data from future coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments. We find that, for an experiment using a stopped-pion neutrino source, the LMA-Dark degeneracy will either be resolved, or the presence of new interactions in the neutrino sector will be established with high significance.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures. Minor modifications. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
Unlocking of predicate: application to non-anticipating selections
Creators: name: Serkov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 06E30, 47H04, 47H10, 91A25

description: We consider an approach to constructing a non-anticipating selection of a multivalued mapping; such a problem arises in control theory under conditions of uncertainty. The approach is called "unlocking of predicate" and consists in the reduction of finding the truth set of a predicate to searching fixed points of some mappings. Unlocking of predicate gives an extra opportunity to analyze the truth set and to build its elements with desired properties. In this article, we outline how to build "unlocking mappings" for some general types of predicates: we give a formal definition of the predicate unlocking operation, the rules for the construction and calculation of "unlocking mappings" and their basic properties. As an illustration, we routinely construct two unlocking mappings for the predicate "be non-anticipating mapping" and then on this base we provide the expression for the greatest non-anticipating selection of a given multifunction.
description: 8 pages, the work continues another work of the author where the procedure for the predicate "be Nash equilibrium" is presented
Inorganic sulfur fixation via a new homocysteine synthase allows yeast cells to cooperatively compensate for methionine auxotrophy.
Creators: name: Yu, Jason SL
name: Heineike, Benjamin M
name: Hartl, Johannes
name: Aulakh, Simran K
name: Correia-Melo, Clara
name: Lehmann, Andrea
name: Lemke, Oliver
name: Agostini, Federica
name: Lee, Cory T
name: Demichev, Vadim
name: Messner, Christoph B
name: Mülleder, Michael
name: Ralser, Markus
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Synthetic Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Metabolism
Computational & Systems Biology

description: The assimilation, incorporation, and metabolism of sulfur is a fundamental process across all domains of life, yet how cells deal with varying sulfur availability is not well understood. We studied an unresolved conundrum of sulfur fixation in yeast, in which organosulfur auxotrophy caused by deletion of the homocysteine synthase Met17p is overcome when cells are inoculated at high cell density. In combining the use of self-establishing metabolically cooperating (SeMeCo) communities with proteomic, genetic, and biochemical approaches, we discovered an uncharacterized gene product YLL058Wp, herein named Hydrogen Sulfide Utilizing-1 (HSU1). Hsu1p acts as a homocysteine synthase and allows the cells to substitute for Met17p by reassimilating hydrosulfide ions leaked from met17Δ cells into O-acetyl-homoserine and forming homocysteine. Our results show that cells can cooperate to achieve sulfur fixation, indicating that the collective properties of microbial communities facilitate their basic metabolic capacity to overcome sulfur limitation.
Testing Predictions of the Quantum Landscape Multiverse 1: The Starobinsky Inflationary Potential
Creators: name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
name: Mersini-Houghton, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2015 Planck data release has placed tight constraints on the allowed class of inflationary models. The current data favors concave downwards inflationary potentials while offering interesting hints on possible deviations from the standard picture of CMB perturbations. We here test the predictions of the theory of the origin of the universe from the landscape multiverse, against the most recent Planck data, for the case of concave downwards inflationary potentials, such as the Starobinsky model of inflation. By considering the quantum entanglement correction of the multiverse, we can place a lower limit on the local 'SUSY breaking' scale $b>1.2\times10^7 GeV$ at $95 \%$ c.l. from Planck TT+lowTEB. We find that this limit is consistent with the range for $b$ that allows the landscape multiverse to explain a serie of anomalies present in the current data.
description: 24 pages
Gender Disparities in Science? Dropout, Productivity, Collaborations and Success of Male and Female Computer Scientists
Creators: name: Jadidi, Mohsen
name: Karimi, Fariba
name: Lietz, Haiko
name: Wagner, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scientific collaborations shape ideas as well as innovations and are both the substrate for, and the outcome of, academic careers. Recent studies show that gender inequality is still present in many scientific practices ranging from hiring to peer-review processes and grant applications. In this work, we investigate gender-specific differences in collaboration patterns of more than one million computer scientists over the course of 47 years. We explore how these patterns change over years and career ages and how they impact scientific success. Our results highlight that successful male and female scientists reveal the same collaboration patterns: compared to scientists in the same career age, they tend to collaborate with more colleagues than other scientists, seek innovations as brokers and establish longer-lasting and more repetitive collaborations. However, women are on average less likely to adapt the collaboration patterns that are related with success, more likely to embed into ego networks devoid of structural holes, and they exhibit stronger gender homophily as well as a consistently higher dropout rate than men in all career ages.
D5.1 – Guidelines on planned actions to empower women in decision-making processes
Creators: name: Antequera, Gema
name: Lomba, Adrián
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This deliverable provides guidance on how to design training for junior researchers, particularly women, to help them navigate the structural and cultural barriers to career advancement in the research domain that they may face. Specifically, this guides the development of the first part of the MINDtheGEPs training module titled Empowering Women Laboratory. The goal is to challenge stereotypes about women's self-confidence, competitiveness, and family responsibilities, addressing the impact on their choices in research, teaching, and publishing. The report outlines the methodology, recommends actions based on collected information, and describes initiatives from various organisations. This work focuses on empowering women in decision-making processes within research organisations to support the goals of improving their career prospects and increasing gender balance in decision-making bodies at research organisations and MINDtheGEPs partners' gender equality plans.
13 New Light Curves and Updated Mid-Transit Time and Period for Hot Jupiter WASP-104 b with EXOTIC
Creators: name: Hewitt, Heather B.
name: Noguer, Federico
name: Corley, Suber
name: Ball, James
name: Chastain, Claudia
name: Cochran-White, Richard
name: Collins, Kendall
name: Ganzel, Kris
name: Gray, Kimberly Merriam
name: Logan, Mike
name: Marquez-Perez, Steve
name: Merchant, Chyna
name: Pedone, Matthew
name: Plumey, Gina
name: Rice, Matthew
name: Ruybal, Zachary
name: Simon, Molly N.
name: Huckabee, Isabela
name: Zellem, Robert T.
name: Pearson, Kyle A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the EXOplanet Transit Interpretation Code (EXOTIC), we reduced 52 sets of images of WASP-104 b, a Hot Jupiter-class exoplanet orbiting WASP-104, in order to obtain an updated mid-transit time (ephemeris) and orbital period for the planet. We performed this reduction on images taken with a 6-inch telescope of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian MicroObservatory. Of the reduced light curves, 13 were of sufficient accuracy to be used in updating the ephemerides for WASP-104 b, meeting or exceeding the three-sigma standard for determining a significant detection. Our final mid-transit value was 2457805.170208 +/- 0.000036 BJD_TBD and the final period value was 1.75540644 +/- 0.00000016 days. The true significance of our results is in their derivation from image sets gathered over time by a small, ground-based telescope as part of the Exoplanet Watch citizen science initiative, and their competitive results to an ephemeris generated from data gathered by the TESS telescope. We use these results to further show how such techniques can be employed by amateur astronomers and citizen scientists to maximize the efficacy of larger telescopes by reducing the use of expensive observation time. The work done in the paper was accomplished as part of the first fully online Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE) for astronomy majors in the only online Bachelor of Science program in Astronomical and Planetary Sciences.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, published in JAAVSO
Multi-level computational methods for interdisciplinary research in the HathiTrust Digital Library
Creators: name: Murdock, Jaimie
name: Allen, Colin
name: Börner, Katy
name: Light, Robert
name: McAlister, Simon
name: Ravenscroft, Andrew
name: Rose, Robert
name: Rose, Doori
name: Otsuka, Jun
name: Bourget, David
name: Lawrence, John
name: Reed, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how faceted search using a combination of traditional classification systems and mixed-membership topic models can go beyond keyword search to inform resource discovery, hypothesis formulation, and argument extraction for interdisciplinary research. Our test domain is the history and philosophy of scientific work on animal mind and cognition. The methods can be generalized to other research areas and ultimately support a system for semi-automatic identification of argument structures. We provide a case study for the application of the methods to the problem of identifying and extracting arguments about anthropomorphism during a critical period in the development of comparative psychology. We show how a combination of classification systems and mixed-membership models trained over large digital libraries can inform resource discovery in this domain. Through a novel approach of "drill-down" topic modeling---simultaneously reducing both the size of the corpus and the unit of analysis---we are able to reduce a large collection of fulltext volumes to a much smaller set of pages within six focal volumes containing arguments of interest to historians and philosophers of comparative psychology. The volumes identified in this way did not appear among the first ten results of the keyword search in the HathiTrust digital library and the pages bear the kind of "close reading" needed to generate original interpretations that is the heart of scholarly work in the humanities. Zooming back out, we provide a way to place the books onto a map of science originally constructed from very different data and for different purposes. The multilevel approach advances understanding of the intellectual and societal contexts in which writings are interpreted.
description: revised, 29 pages, 3 figures
Transport signatures of Kondo physics and quantum criticality in graphene with magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Ruiz-Tijerina, David A.
name: da Silva, Luis G. G. V. Dias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized magnetic moments have been predicted to develop in graphene samples with vacancies or adsorbates. The interplay between such magnetic impurities and graphene's Dirac quasiparticles leads to remarkable many-body phenomena, which have so far proved elusive to experimental efforts. In this article, we study the thermodynamic, spectral and transport signatures of quantum criticality and Kondo physics of a dilute ensemble of atomic impurities in graphene. We consider vacancies and adatoms that either break or preserve graphene's $C_{3v}$ and inversion symmetries. In a neutral graphene sample, all cases display symmetry-dependent quantum criticality, leading to enhanced impurity scattering for asymmetric impurities, in a manner analogous to bound-state formation by nonmagnetic resonant scatterers. Kondo correlations emerge only in the presence of a back gate, with estimated Kondo temperatures well within the experimentally accessible domain for all impurity types. For symmetry-breaking impurities at charge neutrality, quantum criticality is signaled by $T^{-2}$ resistivity scaling, leading to full insulating behavior at low temperatures, while low-temperature resistivity plateaus appear both in the non-critical and Kondo regimes. By contrast, the resitivity contribution from symmetric vacancies and hollow-site adsorbates vanishes at charge neutrality and for arbitrary back gate voltages, respectively. This implies that local probing methods are required for the detection of both Kondo and quantum critical signatures in these symmetry-preserving cases.
description: Final published version, with corrected figures, improved notation, and added references. 12 pages, including 8 figures and one appendix
The Royal Prerogative to Veto Draft Constitutions and Constitutional Amendments: An Analysis from the Perspective of the Constituent Power Theory and Thai Constitutional Court's Decisions
Creators: name: Arpakorn Kongpermpool
Publisher: name: Research Administration Division
Year: 2024
Subjects: monarchy
royal veto against the constitutional draft
royal veto against draft constitutional amendment

description: Thammasat Journal, 43, 2, 152-180
Presentation: Factors Affecting the Success of Cultural Tourism Villages: Case study in Wukirsari Cultural Tourism Village, Imogiri
Creators: name: Hendro Widjanarko
name: Utomo, Humam Santosa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science. October 25, 2022
Ulrich Bröckling, Postheroische Helden. Ein Zeitbild, Berlin: Suhrkamp Verlag 2020
Creators: name: Hilpert, Konrad
Publisher: name: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift, Bd. 71 Nr. 4 (2020)
Quantum sensing via magnetic-noise-protected states in an electronic spin dyad
Creators: name: Meriles, Carlos A.
name: Zangara, Pablo R.
name: Pagliero, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending the coherence lifetime of a qubit is central to the implementation and deployment of quantum technologies, particularly in the solid-state where various noise sources intrinsic to the material host play a limiting role. Here, we theoretically investigate the coherent spin dynamics of a hetero-spin system formed by a spin S=1 featuring a non-zero crystal field and in proximity to a paramagnetic center S'=1/2. We capitalize on the singular energy level structure of the dyad to identify pairs of levels associated to magnetic-field-insensitive transition frequencies, and theoretically show that the zero-quantum coherences we create between them can be remarkably long-lived. Further, we find these coherences are selectively sensitive to 'local' - as opposed to 'global' - field fluctuations, suggesting these spin dyads could be exploited as nanoscale gradiometers for precision magnetometry or as probes for magnetic-noise-free electrometry and thermal sensing.
No evidence for extensions to the standard cosmological model
Creators: name: Heavens, Alan
name: Fantaye, Yabebal
name: Sellentin, Elena
name: Eggers, Hans
name: Hosenie, Zafiirah
name: Kroon, Steve
name: Mootoovaloo, Arrykrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Bayesian Evidence for models considered in the main analysis of Planck cosmic microwave background data. By utilising carefully-defined nearest-neighbour distances in parameter space, we reuse the Monte Carlo Markov Chains already produced for parameter inference to compute Bayes factors $B$ for many different model-dataset combinations. Standard 6-parameter flat $Λ$CDM model is favoured over all other models considered, with curvature being mildly favoured only when CMB lensing is not included. Many alternative models are strongly disfavoured by the data, including primordial correlated isocurvature models ($\ln B=-7.8$), non-zero scalar-to-tensor ratio ($\ln B=-4.3$), running of the spectral index ($\ln B = -4.7$), curvature ($\ln B=-3.6$), non-standard numbers of neutrinos ($\ln B=-3.1$), non-standard neutrino masses ($\ln B=-3.2$), non-standard lensing potential ($\ln B=-4.6$), evolving dark energy ($\ln B=-3.2$), sterile neutrinos ($\ln B=-6.9$), and extra sterile neutrinos with a non-zero scalar-to-tensor ratio ($\ln B=-10.8$). Other models are less strongly disfavoured with respect to flat $Λ$CDM. As with all analyses based on Bayesian Evidence, the final numbers depend on the widths of the parameter priors. We adopt the priors used in the Planck analysis, while performing a prior sensitivity analysis. Our quantitative conclusion is that extensions beyond the standard cosmological model are disfavoured by Planck data. Only when newer Hubble constant measurements are included does $Λ$CDM become disfavoured, and only mildly, compared with a dynamical dark energy model ($\ln B\sim +2$).
description: 5 pages. Accepted for publication in PRL. Effect of inclusion of recent H0 measurements is added
Walter Kasper; George Augustin (Hg.), Christsein und die Corona-Krise. Das Leben bezeugen in einer sterblichen Welt. Mit einem Geleitwort von Papst Franziskus, Ostfildern: Grünewald 2020
Creators: name: Haunerland, Winfried
Publisher: name: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift, Bd. 71 Nr. 4 (2020)
Study of the plutino object (208996) 2003 AZ84 from stellar occultations: size, shape and topographic features
Creators: name: Dias-Oliveira, A.
name: Sicardy, B.
name: Ortiz, J. L.
name: Braga-Ribas, F.
name: Leiva, R.
name: Vieira-Martins, R.
name: Benedetti-Rossi, G.
name: Camargo, J. I. B.
name: Assafin, M.
name: Gomes-Junior, A. R.
name: Baug, T.
name: Chandrasekhar, T.
name: Desmars, J.
name: Duffard, R.
name: Santos-Sanz, P.
name: Ergang, Z.
name: Ganesh, S.
name: Ikari, Y.
name: Irawati, P.
name: Jain, J.
name: Liying, Z.
name: Richichi, A.
name: Shengbang, Q.
name: Behrend, R.
name: Benkhaldoun, Z.
name: Brosch, N.
name: Daassou, A.
name: Frappa, E.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Garcia-Lozano, R.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Kaspi, S.
name: Klotz, A.
name: Lecacheux, J.
name: Mahasena, P.
name: Manfroid, J.
name: Manulis, I.
name: Maury, A.
name: Mohan, V.
name: Morales, N.
name: Ofek, E.
name: Rinner, C.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Sposetti, S.
name: Tanga, P.
name: Thirouin, A.
name: Vachier, F.
name: Widemann, T.
name: Asai, A.
name: Watanabe, Hayato
name: Watanabe, Hiroyuki
name: Owada, M.
name: Yamamura, H.
name: Hayamizu, T.
name: Bradshaw, J.
name: Kerr, S.
name: Tomioka, H.
name: Andersson, S.
name: Dangl, G.
name: Haymes, T.
name: Naves, R.
name: Wortmann, G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results derived from four stellar occultations by the plutino object (208996) 2003~AZ$_{84}$, detected at January 8, 2011 (single-chord event), February 3, 2012 (multi-chord), December 2, 2013 (single-chord) and November 15, 2014 (multi-chord). Our observations rule out an oblate spheroid solution for 2003~AZ$_{84}$'s shape. Instead, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium, we find that a Jacobi triaxial solution with semi axes $(470 \pm 20) \times (383 \pm 10) \times (245 \pm 8)$~km % axis ratios $b/a= 0.82 \pm 0.05$ and $c/a= 0.52 \pm 0.02$, can better account for all our occultation observations. Combining these dimensions with the rotation period of the body (6.75~h) and the amplitude of its rotation light curve, we derive a density $ρ=0.87 \pm 0.01$~g~cm$^{-3}$ a geometric albedo $p_V= 0.097 \pm 0.009$. A grazing chord observed during the 2014 occultation reveals a topographic feature along 2003~AZ$_{84}$'s limb, that can be interpreted as an abrupt chasm of width $\sim 23$~km and depth $> 8$~km or a smooth depression of width $\sim 80$~km and depth $\sim 13$~km (or an intermediate feature between those two extremes).
NRQCD Confronts LHCb Data on Quarkonium Production within Jets
Creators: name: Bain, Reggie
name: Dai, Lin
name: Leibovich, Adam
name: Makris, Yiannis
name: Mehen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the recent LHCb measurement of the distribution of the fraction of the transverse momentum, $z(J/ψ)$, carried by the $J/ψ$ within a jet. LHCb data is compared to analytic calculations using the fragmenting jet function (FJF) formalism for studying $J/ψ$ in jets. Logarithms in the FJFs are resummed using DGLAP evolution. We also convolve hard QCD partonic cross sections, showered with PYTHIA, with leading order Non Relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics (NRQCD) fragmentation functions and obtain consistent results. Both approaches use Madgraph to calculate the hard process that creates the jet initiating parton. These calculations give reasonable agreement with the $z(J/ψ)$ distribution that was shown to be poorly described by default PYTHIA simulations in the LHCb paper. We compare our predictions for the $J/ψ$ distribution using various extractions of nonperturbative NRQCD long-distance matrix elements (LDMEs) in the literature. NRQCD calculations agree with LHCb data better than default PYTHIA regardless of which fit to the LDMEs is used. LDMEs from fits that focus exclusively on high transverse momentum data from colliders are in good agreement with the LHCb measurement.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Prospects for Distinguishing Dark Matter Models Using Annual Modulation
Creators: name: Witte, Samuel J.
name: Gluscevic, Vera
name: McDermott, Samuel D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been demonstrated that, in the event of a putative signal in dark matter direct detection experiments, properly identifying the underlying dark matter-nuclei interaction promises to be a challenging task. Given the most optimistic expectations for the number counts of recoil events in the forthcoming Generation 2 experiments, differentiating between interactions that produce distinct features in the recoil energy spectra will only be possible if a strong signal is observed simultaneously on a variety of complementary targets. However, there is a wide range of viable theories that give rise to virtually identical energy spectra, and may only differ by the dependence of the recoil rate on the dark matter velocity. In this work, we investigate how degeneracy between such competing models may be broken by analyzing the time dependence of nuclear recoils, i.e. the annual modulation of the rate. For this purpose, we simulate dark matter events for a variety of interactions and experiments, and perform a Bayesian model-selection analysis on all simulated data sets, evaluating the chance of correctly identifying the input model for a given experimental setup. We find that including information on the annual modulation of the rate may significantly enhance the ability of a single target to distinguish dark matter models with nearly degenerate recoil spectra, but only with exposures beyond the expectations of Generation 2 experiments.
description: v2: Published version. Fixed error in bottom right panel of Fig 1 and added text. Conclusions unchanged. 22 pages, 10 figures