cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Ð Ð°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð² ÑÑÐµÐ´Ðµ MATLAB. Ð§. 1, Ð¡ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ
title: Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹: Â«Ð¢ÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð° ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÂ» Ð¸ Â«ÐÐ°Ð·ÐµÐ¼Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð°Â»
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ð¥ÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶ÐºÐ¾Ð², Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹
name: Ð Ð¾Ð»Ð»Ðµ, ÐÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ
Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð»Ð¸-Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ.
ÐÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð´Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð² (ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ). ÐÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ±Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ, Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² Ð½ÐµÐµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð° ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð²Ð¸Ð·ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð° 3-D Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÐºÑÐ¾Ð² MATLAB - SIMULINK â SIMSCAPE - SIMMECHANICS
Fake Science – zwielichtige Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Lenz, Hans-J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fake Science
subject: zwielichtige Wissenschaft
subject: Datenbetrug
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: Im Folgenden wird die erschreckende Breite von Fake Science vor Augen geführt. Da ist zum einen die von Wirtschaft und Industrie finanzierte, zweckgebundene Auftragsforschung, deren Forschungsziel es einzig ist, nicht Hypothesen zu bestätigen oder zu beweisen, sondern Verwirrung unter der Bevölkerung beim Kausalzusammenhang von gesellschaftlichen Phänomenen zu stiften. Der Zusammenhang von Rauchen und Lungenkrebs fällt hier runter. Zum anderen wird die Aufrichtigkeit des gesamten Wissenschaftsbetriebs ausgehebelt, indem Pseudoverlage und -tagungen (vermeintlichen) Wissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit bieten, Manuskripte ungeprüft zu veröffentlichen oder Vorträge zu halten, deren Inhalt fragwürdig oder sogar Unsinn ist. Wie immer beim Datenbetrug bilden Profit oder Prestige den Antriebsmotor.
A completeness result for the simply typed $λμ$-calculus
Creators: name: Nour, Karim
name: Saber, Khelifa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define a realizability semantics for the simply typed $λμ$-calculus. We show that if a term is typable, then it inhabits the interpretation of its type. This result serves to give characterizations of the computational behavior of some closed typed terms. We also prove a completeness result of our realizability semantics using a particular term model.
Diagnosing Beijing 2020: Mapping the Ungovernable City
Creators: name: Visser, Robin
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: Beijing Municipality, characterised by the ‘off-ground’ architecture distinguishing neo-liberal privatisation, is attempting to mitigate the damaging effects of rampant development on the social fabric, cultural heritage, and the environment by adopting sustainable urban planning. I argue that the sustainability rhetoric in the Beijing Municipality 2020 Plans functions in part as strategic metaphors masking unnamed, imminent threats to governance. In this article I diagnose four Beijing plans (Beijing 2006-2015 ‘Rail Transit Plan’ for Compact City, Beijing 2005-2020 ‘Underground Space Plan’ for Alternative Space, Beijing 2006-2020 ‘Undeveloped Area Plan’ for Ecological Responsibility, and Beijing 2006-2010 ‘Low-income Housing Plan’ for Affordability and Liveability). A diagrammatics of the plans illuminates not so much a mapping of Beijing’s future as the forms of spontaneity preoccupying the nation at this historical juncture. The Beijing 2020 plan, as city mapping more generally, discloses the imminence of ungovernable city. The fact that citizens are demanding greater authority over Beijing governance suggests that radical alterations to its urban fabric and quality of life have incited the imminent sociability that is the city.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
The socio-economic adjustment of Finnish immigrants, with special reference to the utilization of social services
Creators: name: Kinamen, Kalervo Ilmari
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The purpose of this study is to examine the socio-economic adjustment of Finnish immigrants in Vancouver with a special reference to their use of social welfare services. It surveys the Finnish immigrants' living conditions, housing, interpersonal relationships and their knowledge of the English language. It focuses on Finnish immigrants' use of social assistance, social group work and recreation services, their opinions of, and attitudes toward, social welfare matters and their knowledge of social welfare services. The method of the study consists of three related parts: a) interviews with the personnel of Finnish associations and churches and with individual Finns, b) examination of the records of Vancouver City Social Service Department and some social group work and recreation agencies, and c) distribution of a questionnaire among the sample group of Finns. The sample group of 200 was selected from 800 adult Finns as indicated by the Vancouver City Directory 1954. This study shows that social welfare services are not used by the Finns in Vancouver except in extreme need. Social assistance is the most commonly used service. Finnish immigrants become dependent on social assistance because of sickness and lack of savings. Ethnic societies and churches play an important role in welfare of the Finns. The study seems to indicate that a number of Finns have difficulties in their adjustment to Canadian society. Difficulties arise from their lack of knowledge of the English language and their meagre economic resources on their arrival in Canada. These hamper the Finns in their social relationships. This study seems to suggest that if the difficulties of immigrants are to be alleviated, a more active program of selection, pre-migration preparation and follow-up services must be initiated by the Department of Citizenship and Immigration. Ethnic societies and churches must also take more responsibility in acquainting newcomers with the Canadian manner of living and attempt to bridge the gap that seems to exist between native Canadians and immigrant populations.
Ein Plädoyer für plurale Bildung im Fremdsprachenunterricht
Creators: name: Carboch, Ingo
Publisher: name: KULT_online
Year: 2004

description: Fremdsprachendidaktische Konzepte entstehen traditionell im Spannungsfeld zwischen den Forderungen nach dem Erwerb sprachpraktischer Fertigkeiten und dem Erwerb eher allgemeiner Bildungsinhalte aus den Bereichen literary und cultural studies. Lutz Küster unternimmt mit seiner breit angelegten Studie den Versuch, zwischen beiden Bereichen zu vermitteln, indem er als Ziel eines modernen Fremdsprachenunterrichts eine plurale Bildung anvisiert, die sprachliches, interkulturelles und ästhetisch-literarisches Lernen verbindet.
description: KULT_online, Nr. 04 (2004): KULT_online 04 (2004)
Spatial ‘Complexity’: Analysis of the Evolution of Beijing’s Movement Network and its Effects on Urban Functions
Creators: name: Sheng, Qiang
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: This paper is an attempt to read the dramatic transformations happening in Beijing from a spatial perspective. Based on a model developed by Spacelab, which understands scale as being constructed in movement and communications technologies, we try to represent this process on two levels: first, on the morphology of the movement network itself, I would like to show how technological development of highway, metro and bus systems change the way people move in the city; second, on the effects of changing movement networks, I would like to examine how shops and other public activities locate and relocate themselves within urban space. In general, Beijing is a good example, with a combination of old and new patterns of movement networks, whose spatial composition results in a different pattern for emerging economies and public activities compared with western city centres. However, it is still possible to uncover a strong and consistent logic based on the way individuals move and appropriate different scales of networks. In short, this paper will try to illustrate this difference based on the local pattern of space and explain the underlying, yet simple, spatial logic behind dynamic interaction between changing movement networks and the urban functions emerging from them.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
Patients with Severe Lactic Acidosis in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study of Contributing Factors and Impact of Renal Replacement Therapy
Creators: name: Van De Ginste, Lyssa
name: Vanommeslaeghe, Floris
name: Hoste, Eric A.J.
name: Kruse, Jan M.
name: Van Biesen, Wim
name: Verbeke, Francis
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Outcome
subject: Severe lactic acidosis
subject: Intensive care units
subject: Contributing factors of renal replacement therapy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Hyperlactatemia is a regular condition in the intensive care unit, which is often associated with adverse outcomes. Control of the triggering condition is the most effective treatment of hyperlactatemia, but since this is mostly not readily possible, extracorporeal renal replacement therapy (RRT) is often tried as a last resort. The present study aims to evaluate the factors that may contribute to the decision whether to start RRT or not and the potential impact of the start of RRT on the outcome in patients with severe lactic acidosis (SLA) (lactate >= 5 mmol/L). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center cohort analysis over a 3-year period including all patients with a lactate level >= 5 mmol/L. Patients were considered as treated with RRT because of SLA if RRT was started within 24 h after reaching a lactate level >= 5 mmol/L. Results: Overall, 90-day mortality in patients with SLA was 34.5%. Of the 1,203 patients who matched inclusion/exclusion criteria, 11% (n = 133) were dialyzed within 24 h. The propensity to receive RRT was related to the lactate level and to the SOFA renal and cardio score. The most frequently used modality was continuous RRT. Patients who were started on RRT versus those who did not have 2.3 higher odds of mortality, even after adjustment for the propensity to start RRT. Conclusions: Our analysis confirms the high mortality rate of patients with SLA. It adds that odds for mortality is even higher in patients who were started on RRT versus not. We suggest keeping an open mind to the factors that may influence the decision to start dialysis and bear in mind that without being a bridge to correction of the underlying condition, dialysis is unlikely to affect the outcome.
Can solvable extensions of a nilpotent subalgebra be useful in the classification of solvable algebras with the given nilradical?
Creators: name: Snobl, Libor
name: Karasek, Dalibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B30; 17B40

description: We construct all solvable Lie algebras with a specific n-dimensional nilradical n_{n,3} which contains the previously studied filiform nilpotent algebra n_{n-2,1} as a subalgebra but not as an ideal. Rather surprisingly it turns out that the classification of such solvable algebras can be reduced to the classification of solvable algebras with the nilradical n_{n-2,1} together with one additional case. Also the sets of invariants of coadjoint representation of n_{n,3} and its solvable extensions are deduced from this reduction. In several cases they have polynomial bases, i.e. the invariants of the respective solvable algebra can be chosen to be Casimir invariants in its enveloping algebra.
description: 19 pages
Politicisation and the Rhetoric of Shanghai Urbanism
Creators: name: Arkaraprasertkul, Non
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: Despite the spectacular contemporary metropolis image of Luijiazui, the new Central Business District (CBD) of Shanghai on the Pudong side of the Huangpu River, this paper discusses the ways Shanghai might be understood through the ‘reality’ of its urbanism. The purpose is to check in a practical way the actuality of the built environment in relation to its history and political presence through first-hand primary sources, which is intended to fill unanticipated voids that surfaced in the understanding of Shanghai in a physical sense. This can be done from the four following perspectives: urban form; individual buildings and urban imagery; visualization of the skylines; and streetscape. Using the city as a primary source, this paper succinctly presents specific information derived from the observations needed to authenticate the research, i.e. to understand the existence of contemporary architecture as a means of urban iconography, which will contribute to the theory of how we conceive and experience the hybridized urban complexity in Asian cities in a practical manner from the perspectives of both the pedestrian and architect-planner critical to the awareness the far-reaching consequence of Shanghai’s urban environment.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
Performing Mimetic Mapping: A Non-Visualisable Map of the Suzhou River Area of Shanghai
Creators: name: Karandinou, Anastasia
name: Koutsoumpos, Leonidas
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: This paper questions issues concerning the mapping of experience, through the concept of mimesis – the creative re-performance of the site experience onto the map. The place mapped is the Suzhou River area, a significant part of Shanghai, the former boundary between the British and American Settlements, and an ever-changing and transforming territory. Through the detailed description of the mapping processes, we analyse the position of this particular map within contemporary discourse about mapping. Here, we question the purpose of the process, the desired outcome, the consciousness of the significance of each step/event, and the possible significance of the final traces that the mapping leaves behind. Although after the mapping had been carried out, the procedure was analysed, post-rationalised, and justified through its partial documentation (as part of an educational process), this paper questions the way and the reason for these practices (the post-rationalising of the mapping activity, justifying the strategy, etc.), and their possible meaning, purpose, demand or context. Thus we conclude that the subject matter is not the final outcome of an object or ‘map’; there is no final map to be exhibited. What this paper brings forth is the mapping as an event, an action performed by the embodied experience of the actual place and by the trans-local materiality of the tools and elements involved in the process of its making.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
A note on the existence of transition probability densities for Lévy processes
Creators: name: Knopova, V.
name: Schilling, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove several necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of (smooth) transition probability densities for Lévy processes and isotropic Lévy processes. Under some mild conditions on the characteristic exponent we calculate the asymptotic behaviour of the transition density as $t\to 0$ and $t\to\infty$ and show a ratio-limit theorem.
description: v1 contains an error in Example 5. This was pointed out to us by Ron Doney. The present version v2 is the actually published version (where this error has been corrected). The paper has been published in Forum Math 25 (2013) 125-149
The Rise of the Private: Shanghai’s Transforming Housing Typologies
Creators: name: Bhatia, Neeraj
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: ‘On top of the sea’ is the literal translation of Shanghai, whose urban structure was built around thin canals that crossed the city. These canals, just as the traditional street in Chinese culture, were able to move people and goods while creating a public arena for interaction. It was infrastructure – streets and canals – that was the basis for the city’s morphology. As the rivers and streets eventually grew, merged, and monumentalised, they created separation. Thus, infrastructure, which once was used to collect, now divided – as is witnessed in the new six-(or more) lane-streets or the Huangpu River, isolating Puxi from Pudong. This transforming notion of infrastructure is directly linked to changes in Shanghai’s housing typologies. The traditional lilong housing structure is comprised of a unit that multiplies through group linkages to create streets. In these lilong dwellings, the street and the architectural type are one. More recently, an influx of high-rise apartment typologies has dislocated the relationship between infrastructure and building. Here, infrastructure is used to subdivide massive plots onto which built form is whimsically placed. The disconnection and monumentalisation of infrastructure that corresponds to these shifting building typologies reveals an even deeper transformation of the public sphere – one in which isolation and alienation are substituting a loss of reality. It is here that we witness the rise of the Private and the emerging loss of public life.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
title: Ð¢ÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð² "ÐÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°"
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÑÑÐµÑÐ»Ð°Ð²
Publisher: name: ÐÐ·Ð´-Ð²Ð¾ ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½. ÑÐ½-ÑÐ°
Year: 2013
Subjects: ÐÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°

description: Ð¡Ð¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ "Ð¢ÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°" Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð°ÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð² "ÐÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°". Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð»ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÐµ Ð°Ð±ÑÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ (Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸) Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐµ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ (Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ° ÑÐ¸Ð», Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸Ð»Ð¾ ÐÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¾ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð´Ñ.). ÐÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ»Ð°, Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ»Ð°. ÐÐ¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ»Ð°. Ð ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ "ÐÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð½ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ" ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ ÐÐ°Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¶Ð° Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼. ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐµ ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐ±Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ. ÐÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð° Ð¾Ð± ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐµ ÑÐµÐ», Ð² ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÑÐ°. ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ.
description: ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¸Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð°ÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ°.
The electron–proton bottleneck of photosynthetic oxygen evolution
Creators: name: Greife, Paul
name: Schönborn, Matthias
name: Capone, Matteo
name: Assunção, Ricardo
name: Narzi, Daniele
name: Guidoni, Leonardo
name: Dau, Holger
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial photosynthesis
subject: Bioenergetics
subject: Bioinorganic chemistry
subject: Photosystem II
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Photosynthesis fuels life on Earth by storing solar energy in chemical form. Today’s oxygen-rich atmosphere has resulted from the splitting of water at the protein-bound manganese cluster of photosystem II during photosynthesis. Formation of molecular oxygen starts from a state with four accumulated electron holes, the S4 state—which was postulated half a century ago1 and remains largely uncharacterized. Here we resolve this key stage of photosynthetic O2 formation and its crucial mechanistic role. We tracked 230,000 excitation cycles of dark-adapted photosystems with microsecond infrared spectroscopy. Combining these results with computational chemistry reveals that a crucial proton vacancy is initally created through gated sidechain deprotonation. Subsequently, a reactive oxygen radical is formed in a single-electron, multi-proton transfer event. This is the slowest step in photosynthetic O2 formation, with a moderate energetic barrier and marked entropic slowdown. We identify the S4 state as the oxygen-radical state; its formation is followed by fast O–O bonding and O2 release. In conjunction with previous breakthroughs in experimental and computational investigations, a compelling atomistic picture of photosynthetic O2 formation emerges. Our results provide insights into a biological process that is likely to have occurred unchanged for the past three billion years, which we expect to support the knowledge-based design of artificial water-splitting systems.
2006 Whole Earth Telescope Observations of GD358: A New Look at the Prototype DBV
Creators: name: Provencal, J. L.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Kanaan, A.
name: Shipman, H. L.
name: Childers, D.
name: Baran, A.
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Reed, M.
name: Zhou, A.
name: Eggen, J.
name: Watson, T. K.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Thompson, S. E.
name: Riaz, B.
name: Nitta, A.
name: Kleinman, S. J.
name: Crowe, R.
name: Slivkoff, J.
name: Sherard, P.
name: Purves, N.
name: Binder, P.
name: Knight, R.
name: Kim, S. -L.
name: Chen, Wen-Ping
name: Yang, M.
name: Lin, H. C.
name: Lin, C. C.
name: Chen, C. W.
name: Jiang, X. J.
name: Sergeev, A. V.
name: Mkrtichian, D.
name: Janiashvili, E.
name: Andreev, M.
name: Janulis, R.
name: Siwak, M.
name: Zola, S.
name: Koziel, D.
name: Stachowski, G.
name: Paparo, M.
name: Bognar, Zs.
name: Handler, G.
name: Lorenz, D.
name: Steininger, B.
name: Beck, P.
name: Nagel, T.
name: Kusterer, D.
name: Hoffman, A.
name: Reiff, E.
name: Kowalski, R.
name: Vauclair, G.
name: Charpinet, S.
name: Chevreton, M.
name: Solheim, J. E.
name: Pakstiene, E.
name: Fraga, L.
name: Dalessio, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the analysis of 436.1 hrs of nearly continuous high-speed photometry on the pulsating DB white dwarf GD358 acquired with the Whole Earth Telescope (WET) during the 2006 international observing run, designated XCOV25. The Fourier transform (FT) of the light curve contains power between 1000 to 4000 microHz, with the dominant peak at 1234 microHz. We find 27 independent frequencies distributed in 10 modes, as well as numerous combination frequencies. Our discussion focuses on a new asteroseismological analysis of GD358, incorporating the 2006 data set and drawing on 24 years of archival observations. Our results reveal that, while the general frequency locations of the identified modes are consistent throughout the years, the multiplet structure is complex and cannot be interpreted simply as l=1 modes in the limit of slow rotation. The high k multiplets exhibit significant variability in structure, amplitude and frequency. Any identification of the m components for the high k multiplets is highly suspect. The k=9 and 8 modes typically do show triplet structure more consistent with theoretical expectations. The frequencies and amplitudes exhibit some variability, but much less than the high k modes. Analysis of the k=9 and 8 multiplet splittings from 1990 to 2008 reveal a long-term change in multiplet splittings coinciding with the 1996 "sforzando" event, where GD358 dramatically altered its pulsation characteristics on a timescale of hours. We explore potential implications, including the possible connections between convection and/or magnetic fields and pulsations. We suggest future investigations, including theoretical investigations of the relationship between magnetic fields, pulsation, growth rates, and convection.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Overcoming the timescale barrier in molecular dynamics: Transfer operators, variational principles and machine learning
Creators: name: Schütte, Christof
name: Klus, Stefan
name: Hartmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Time series analysis
subject: Computational methods for ergodic theory
subject: Stochastic methods
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: One of the main challenges in molecular dynamics is overcoming the ‘timescale barrier’: in many realistic molecular systems, biologically important rare transitions occur on timescales that are not accessible to direct numerical simulation, even on the largest or specifically dedicated supercomputers. This article discusses how to circumvent the timescale barrier by a collection of transfer operator-based techniques that have emerged from dynamical systems theory, numerical mathematics and machine learning over the last two decades. We will focus on how transfer operators can be used to approximate the dynamical behaviour on long timescales, review the introduction of this approach into molecular dynamics, and outline the respective theory, as well as the algorithmic development, from the early numerics-based methods, via variational reformulations, to modern data-based techniques utilizing and improving concepts from machine learning. Furthermore, its relation to rare event simulation techniques will be explained, revealing a broad equivalence of variational principles for long-time quantities in molecular dynamics. The article will mainly take a mathematical perspective and will leave the application to real-world molecular systems to the more than 1000 research articles already written on this subject.
A semantical proof of the strong normalization theorem for full propositional classical natural deduction
Creators: name: Nour, Karim
name: Saber, Khelifa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give in this paper a short semantical proof of the strong normalization for full propositional classical natural deduction. This proof is an adaptation of reducibility candidates introduced by J.-Y. Girard and simplified to the classical case by M. Parigot.
Fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles, their stomatosome aggregates and application in enzyme encapsulation
Creators: name: Guitton-Spassky, Tiffany
name: Junge, Florian
name: Singh, Abhishek Kumar
name: Schade, Boris
name: Achazi, Katharina
name: Maglione, Marta
name: Sigrist, Stephan
name: Rashmi, Rashmi
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles
subject: stomatosome aggregates
subject: enzyme encapsulation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Enzymes are more selective and efficient than synthetic catalysts but are limited by difficult recycling. This is overcome by immobilisation, namely through encapsulation, with the main drawback of this method being slow diffusion of products and reactants, resulting in effectively lowered enzyme activity. Fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles were reported to self-assemble into regularly perforated bilayer vesicles, so-called “stomatosomes”. It was proposed that they could be promising novel reaction vessels due to their increased porosity while retaining larger biomolecules at the same time. Amphiphiles were synthesised and their aggregation was analysed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) in buffered conditions necessary for enzyme encapsulation. Urease and albumin were encapsulated using the thin-film hydration method and investigated by confocal and time-gated stimulated emission depletion microscopy (gSTED). Their release was then used to probe the selective retention of cargo by stomatosomes. Free and encapsulated enzyme activity were compared and their capacity to be reused was evaluated using the Berthelot method. Urease was successfully encapsulated, did not leak out at room temperature, and showed better activity in perforated vesicles than in closed vesicles without perforations. Encapsulated enzyme could be reused with retained activity over 8 cycles using centrifugation, while free enzyme had to be filtrated. These results show that stomatosomes may be used in enzyme immobilisation applications and present advantages over closed vesicles or free enzyme.
title: ÐÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2018
Subjects: ÐÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
ÐÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ
ÐÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ
ÐÐ°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ

description: Ð ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ²ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½ Ð² Â«ÑÐ²ÑÑÐ´ÑÑÂ» Ð¸ Â«Ð¶Ð¸Ð´ÐºÐ¸ÑÂ» Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸, Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð»Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð²ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ, ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ðµ Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½, Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ðµ Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ðµ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ðº.
Caves of Steel: Mapping Hong Kong in the 21st Century 
Creators: name: Solomon, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: Hong Kong’s extraordinary density, the results of a unique geography, economy, and political history, is often represented in cramped housing conditions, unusual sectional conditions, and variations on building typologies. This paper argues that Hong Kong’s density, in combination with its climate and consumer economy, has in fact effected a wholesale interiorisation of public society unprecedented in contemporary urban form. 'Caves of Steel' is borrowed from the title of a 1954 novel by science fiction master Isaac Azimov, in which humanity has been divided into interior and exterior factions. The radical separation of public society in Hong Kong that accompanies the growing disparity of interior and exterior urban space is perhaps better understood through Manuel DeLanda’s (Intensive Science and Virtual Philosophy, 2002) application of the terms ‘intensive’ and ‘extensive’ from the physical sciences to a description of abstract space. Through Reiser (Atlas of Novel Tectonics, 2005) ‘intensive’ and ‘extensive’ properties may be understood in the urban context as competing and collaborating ‘infrastructural’ and ‘topological’ conditions. In Hong Kong the infrastructural (dense interiorised infrastructure of multilevel shopping warrens) and the topological (vast open topology of country parks, new towns, and industrial estates) exist often in immediate proximity, while the gap between their respective public societies continues to grow. Recent proposals for the development of a variety of sites on Hong Kong’s Victoria Harbour waterfront are examined in detail as a case study of this condition and its attendant effects on mapping complex and three-dimensional urban conditions, on notions of post-colonial and post-industrial image and identity, and on the evolution of public space in an Asian context.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
title: Â«ÐÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð°Ð´ÑÐµÑÑ: Ð³. Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³, ÐÐ°Ð±ÐµÑÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð° ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð´. 27Â»
title: Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ»Ð¸ÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ»Ð¸Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²
Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð±ÑÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ
Ð´Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´
Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´

description: Ð ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð°Ð´ÑÐµÑÑ: Ð³. Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³, ÐÐ°Ð±ÐµÑÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð° ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð´. 27. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ - Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð·ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ðº Ñ ÑÐ»ÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ (Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ°). Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³Ð° Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ° (Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹, Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¹). Ð¡Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ðµ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÐ° Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ðº Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐµ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð°. ÐÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð»Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¼Ð¸.
Chandra Acis Survey of X-Ray Point Sources in 383 Nearby Galaxies I. the Source Catalog
Creators: name: Liu, Jifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandra data archive after eight years' accumulation is a treasure for various studies, and in this paper we exploit this valuable resource to study the X-ray point source populations in nearby galaxies. By December 14, 2007, 383 galaxies within 40 Mpc with isophotal major axis above 1 arcminute have been observed by 626 public ACIS observations, 60% of which are for the first time analyzed by this survey to study the X-ray point sources. Uniform data analysis procedures are applied to the 626 ACIS observations and lead to the detection of 28099 point sources, which belong to 17599 independent sources. These include 8700 sources observed twice or more and 1000 sources observed 10 times or more, providing us a wealth of data to study the long term variability of these X-ray sources. Cross correlation of these sources with galaxy isophotes led to 8519 sources within the D25 isophotes of 351 galaxies, 3305 sources between the D25 and 2D25 isophotes of 309 galaxies, and additionally 5735 sources outside 2D25 isophotes of galaxies. This survey has produced a uniform catalog, by far the largest, of 11824 X-ray point sources within 2D25 isophotes of 380 galaxies with 71% of them reported for the first time. With a uniform dataset and good statistics, this survey enables future works on various topics, such as X-ray luminosity functions, and multiwavelength identification and classification.
description: 77 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables
Simulations of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations II: Covariance matrix of the matter power spectrum
Creators: name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Yoshida, Naoki
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
name: Kayo, Issha
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Saito, Shun
name: Taruya, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 5000 cosmological N-body simulations of 1(Gpc/h)^3 box for the concordance LCDM model in order to study the sampling variances of nonlinear matter power spectrum. We show that the non-Gaussian errors can be important even on large length scales relevant for baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). Our findings are (1) the non-Gaussian errors degrade the cumulative signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) for the power spectrum amplitude by up to a factor of 2 and 4 for redshifts z=1 and 0, respectively. (2) There is little information on the power spectrum amplitudes in the quasi-nonlinear regime, confirming the previous results. (3) The distribution of power spectrum estimators at BAO scales, among the realizations, is well approximated by a Gaussian distribution with variance that is given by the diagonal covariance component. (4) For the redshift-space power spectrum, the degradation in S/N by non-Gaussian errors is mitigated due to nonlinear redshift distortions. (5) For an actual galaxy survey, the additional shot noise contamination compromises the cosmological information inherent in the galaxy power spectrum, but also mitigates the impact of non-Gaussian errors. The S/N is degraded by up to 30% for a WFMOS-type survey. (6) The finite survey volume causes additional non-Gaussian errors via the correlations of long-wavelength fluctuations with the fluctuations we want to measure, further degrading the S/N values by about 30% even at high redshift z=3.
description: submitted to ApJ, 14 pages, 12 figures. The full halo model is included. Minor changes also made, and references added
Getting Lost in Tokyo
Creators: name: Lucas, Raymond
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: This paper explores the potential for using alternative forms of inscriptive practice to describe the urban space of the Tokyo Subway. I begin with an account of the process of getting lost in Shinjuku Subway Station in the heart of Tokyo. This station represents a limit condition of place, being dense and complex beyond the powers of traditional architectural representation. The station is explored through serial translations, beginning with narrative, moving to a flowchart diagram, Laban dance notation, recurring motifs and archetypes, architectural drawing, photography, and cartography. As Claudia Brodsky Lacour and Tim Ingold describe, the form our inscriptive practices take are crucial to the ways in which we conceptualise those places. How much of the experience of a place is lost in the traditional inscriptive practices of the architect? This description of the urban space of the Tokyo subway forms the basis for an extended study exploring the description of this experience of place, and the power of such description to theorise space. The ultimate aim of this is to shift the focus of urban design away from geometric principles and towards the experiences that might be enjoyed in such places.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context
Signatures of dynamically polarized nuclear spins in all-electrical lateral spin transport devices
Creators: name: Salis, G.
name: Fuhrer, A.
name: Alvarado, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of nuclear spins in Fe/GaAs all-electrical spin-injection devices is investigated. At temperatures below 50 K, strong modifications of the non-local spin signal are found that are characteristic for hyperfine coupling between conduction electrons and dynamically polarized nuclear spins. The perpendicular component of the nuclear Overhauser field depolarizes electron spins near zero in-plane external magnetic field, and can suppress such dephasing when antialigned with the external field, leading to satellite peaks in a Hanle measurement. The features observed agree well with a Monte Carlo simulation of the spin diffusion equation including hyperfine interaction, and are used to study the nuclear spin dynamics and relate it to the spin polarization of injected electrons.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
On Practical Uses of Ten Sefirot: Material Readings in an Early Modern Kabbalistic Collectaneum (MS Michael 473)
Creators: name: Paluch, Agata
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kabbalah
subject: practical knowledge
subject: Jewish magic
subject: material text
subject: Jewish manuscript cultures
subject: sefirot
subject: 200 Religion::290 Andere Religionen::296 Judentum

description: By the end of the sixteenth century, textual manifestations of kabbalah—a variety of Jewish mysticism that first emerged in medieval Provence and Catalonia—achieved the status of elite but authoritative lore in Eastern and Central Europe, even if at times they stirred religious opposition. At the same time, and especially in the seventeenth century, the so-called practical kabbalah, associated with magic and a talismanic approach to religious ritual, gained substantial popularity among Ashkenazi (i.e., Eastern and Central European) Jews. This study centers on a multiple-text and composite codex, Oxford-Bodleian MS Michael 473, and throws into relief the dynamics of circulation of various kabbalistic traditions in early modern Eastern and Central Europe. By zooming in on a single codex, this article foregrounds the hermeneutic potential of contextual reading of texts in complex manuscripts and of interpreting material choices taken by their cocreators. It does so with a methodological agenda that goes beyond tracing of authorial genealogies, and beyond the sociology of texts and their producers, toward exploring the interpretive relations of literary and material form in early modern handwritten kabbalistic texts. The article showcases a single textual unit, Qabbalat ‘Eser Sefirot, that MS Michael 473 contains, in order to focus on the position of practical kabbalistic texts and practices within the spectrum of kabbalistic traditions of seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Eastern and Central Europe, ushered in by the contemporary modes of reading and transcription of texts.
Does Digitalization Change International Law Structurally?
Creators: name: Burchardt, Dana
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitalization
subject: international law
subject: change
subject: actors
subject: norms
subject: values
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::340 Recht

description: The article provides a meta-analysis of the structural impact of digitalization on international law. It synthesizes the contributions of this special issue, showing how their findings are interrelated and which cross-cutting trends we can observe. It uses an analytical framework designed to assess structural changes in international law by analyzing the impact that digitalization has on key reference points: Actors, norms, and values. From this assessment, it draws the conclusion that digitalization is changing, and will continue to change structural features of international law.
The ‘Agency of Mapping’ in South Asia: Galle-Matara (Sri Lanka), Mumbai (India) and Khulna (Bangladesh)
Creators: name: Shannon, Kelly
Publisher: name: Delft University of Technology
Year: 2008

description: The territories – cities and landscapes – of South Asia are under incredible transformation due to man-made and natural conditions. Globalisation is spatially leaving its imprint as cities and landscapes are progressively being built by an ever-more fragmented, piecemeal and ad-hoc project modus – funded by established and new-found fortunes of national and international developers and lenders, development aid projects and (often corrupt) governments. At the same time, ‘natural’ disasters are increasing in severity and frequency – due to climate change and the flagrant disregard of the environment in the relentless dive to impose imported terms of reference for modernisation and urbanisation. The challenges and strategic importance of realising urban design in South Asia’s contemporary context of borrowed visions, abstract land-use planning and a diminishing political will are, obviously, innumerable. How to qualitatively intervene as an urbanist in such a context? This paper will argue that an understanding of contexts, based on fieldwork, is necessary in order to project feasible urban visions and strategic urban design projects that can make more evident particular sites’ inherent qualities and creatively marry ecological, infrastructural, and urbanisation issues by solutions that cut across multiple scales and sectoral divisions. Interpretative mapping is a first step to transform a territory. An understanding of the context and the reading of sites are necessary in order to create modifications that have logic and relate to the particularities of places and situations. Three scales of mapping (territorial, urban, and tissue) will be presented. The territories/cities investigated are the southwest (Galle-Matara) coast of Sri Lanka, Mumbai, the economic engine of India, and Khulna, the third largest city in Bangladesh.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 2 | Spring 2008 | Mapping Urban Complexity in an Asian Context