cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of the quantum spin Hall effect: effects of interactions, disorder, and Z_2 topology
Creators: name: Xu, Cenke
name: Moore, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability to interactions and disorder of the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) proposed for time-reversal-invariant 2D systems is discussed. The QSHE requires an energy gap in the bulk and gapless edge modes that conduct spin-up and spin-down excitations in opposite directions. When the number of Kramers pairs of edge modes is odd, certain one-particle scattering processes are forbidden due to a topological $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index. We show that in a many-body description, there are other scattering processes that can localize the edge modes and destroy the QSHE: the region of stability for both classes of models (even or odd number of Kramers pairs) is obtained explicitly in the chiral boson theory. For a single Kramers pair the QSHE is stable to weak interactions and disorder, while for two Kramers pairs it is not; however, the two-pair case can be stabilized by {\it either} finite attractive or repulsive interactions. For the simplest case of a single pair of edge modes, it is shown that changing the screening length in an edge with screened Coulomb interactions can be used to drive a phase transition between the QSHE state and the ordinary insulator.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Highly Damped Quasinormal Modes of Generic Single Horizon Black Holes
Creators: name: Daghigh, Ramin G.
name: Kunstatter, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate analytically the highly damped quasinormal mode spectra of generic single-horizon black holes using the rigorous WKB techniques of Andersson and Howls\cite{Andersson}. We thereby provide a firm foundation for previous analysis, and point out some of their possible limitations. The numerical coefficient in the real part of the highly damped frequency is generically determined by the behavior of coupling of the perturbation to the gravitational field near the origin, as expressed in tortoise coordinates. This fact makes it difficult to understand how the famous $ln(3)$ could be related to the quantum gravitational microstates near the horizon.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Validierung der Einfallswinkelbestimmung von UHF-RFID-Signalen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Georg
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 620

description: In dieser Arbeit werden die wesentlichen Grundlagen der UHF-RFID-Kommunikation besprochen, ein Konzept zur Verarbeitung hochfrequenter RFID-Signale auf Basis der Quadraturdemodulation erörtert und die Realisierung dieses Konzeptes behandelt, bei dem ein FPGA zur Ansteuerung eines RFID-Lesegerätes verwendet wurde. Mithilfe dieses Lesegerätes sollte die Phaseninformation eines RFID-Transponder-Signals erfasst und ausgewertet werden. Das Konzept sieht weitere Lesegeräte vor, zwischen denen diese Phaseninformationen verarbeitet und daraus der Einfallswinkel bestimmt werden soll. Durch Messungen von Transponder-Signalen wurde dieses Funktionsprinzip und die Eignung dieser Signale geprüft.
An updated nuclear-physics and multi-messenger astrophysics framework for binary neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Pang, Peter T. H.
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Tews, Ingo
name: Almualla, Mouza
name: Barna, Tyler
name: Kiendrebeogo, Weizmann
name: Kunert, Nina
name: Mansingh, Gargi
name: Reed, Brandon
name: Sravan, Niharika
name: Toivonen, Andrew
name: Antier, Sarah
name: VandenBerg, Robert O.
name: Heinzel, Jack
name: Nedora, Vsevolod
name: Salehi, Pouyan
name: Sharma, Ritwik
name: Somasundaram, Rahul
name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-messenger detection of the gravitational-wave signal GW170817, the corresponding kilonova AT2017gfo and the short gamma-ray burst GRB170817A, as well as the observed afterglow has delivered a scientific breakthrough. For an accurate interpretation of all these different messengers, one requires robust theoretical models that describe the emitted gravitational-wave, the electromagnetic emission, and dense matter reliably. In addition, one needs efficient and accurate computational tools to ensure a correct cross-correlation between the models and the observational data. For this purpose, we have developed the Nuclear-physics and Multi-Messenger Astrophysics framework NMMA. The code allows incorporation of nuclear-physics constraints at low densities as well as X-ray and radio observations of isolated neutron stars. In previous works, the NMMA code has allowed us to constrain the equation of state of supranuclear dense matter, to measure the Hubble constant, and to compare dense-matter physics probed in neutron-star mergers and in heavy-ion collisions, and to classify electromagnetic observations and perform model selection. Here, we show an extension of the NMMA code as a first attempt of analyzing the gravitational-wave signal, the kilonova, and the gamma-ray burst afterglow simultaneously. Incorporating all available information, we estimate the radius of a $1.4M_\odot$ neutron star to be $R=11.98^{+0.35}_{-0.40}$km.
description: code available at https://github.com/nuclear-multimessenger-astronomy
Commonwealth of republics : the lost republican history of Australia and Canada
Creators: name: Jones, Benjamin Thomas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Republicanism HistoryCanada
subject: Republicanism HistoryAustralia
subject: Australia Politics and government 19th Century
subject: Canada Politics and government 19th Century

description: This thesis is a history of ideas and seeks to provide the first study of civic republican ideas and their impact on Britain's Australian and Canadian colonies in the mid-nineteenth century. In particular, the way in which civic republican ideas manifested themselves during the debates over responsible government is explored. The period between 1837 and 1855 is the primary focus of the thesis. Beginning with the Canadian rebellions and finishing with the Eureka rebellion, those eighteen years saw a fundamental shift in British policy towards the colonies and the birth of Lord Durham's second empire. The principle argument here is that civic republican ideas made a significant impact on the reform leaders who petitioned for greater democracy. Australian and Canadian historiography has tended to view the granting of responsible government as a triumph of liberal politics. This thesis examines the language of reform leaders and contends that the calls to end the corruption of the ruling tory cabals and to encourage widespread political participation by virtuous citizens are reflective of the civic republican tradition which can be traced back to Sidney, Harrington, Milton, Cromwell and ultimately, Machiavelli, Cicero and Aristotle. While acknowledging the place of Lockean liberalism, this thesis concludes that for many reform leaders and papers, the emphasis was on collectivism and communalism not the advancement of personal rights and individualism. Although not a contemporary word, this thesis contends that civic republicanism was a major political ideology and one which has been missing from the historical orthodoxies of Australia and Canada.
Sufficiency of a Gaussian power spectrum likelihood for accurate cosmology from upcoming weak lensing surveys
Creators: name: Upham, Robin E.
name: Brown, Michael L.
name: Whittaker, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate whether a Gaussian likelihood is sufficient to obtain accurate parameter constraints from a Euclid-like combined tomographic power spectrum analysis of weak lensing, galaxy clustering and their cross-correlation. Testing its performance on the full sky against the Wishart distribution, which is the exact likelihood under the assumption of Gaussian fields, we find that the Gaussian likelihood returns accurate parameter constraints. This accuracy is robust to the choices made in the likelihood analysis, including the choice of fiducial cosmology, the range of scales included, and the random noise level. We extend our results to the cut sky by evaluating the additional non-Gaussianity of the joint cut-sky likelihood in both its marginal distributions and dependence structure. We find that the cut-sky likelihood is more non-Gaussian than the full-sky likelihood, but at a level insufficient to introduce significant inaccuracy into parameter constraints obtained using the Gaussian likelihood. Our results should not be affected by the assumption of Gaussian fields, as this approximation only becomes inaccurate on small scales, which in turn corresponds to the limit in which any non-Gaussianity of the likelihood becomes negligible. We nevertheless compare against N-body weak lensing simulations and find no evidence of significant additional non-Gaussianity in the likelihood. Our results indicate that a Gaussian likelihood will be sufficient for robust parameter constraints with power spectra from Stage IV weak lensing surveys.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures, matches version accepted by MNRAS
Soft CP violation in K-meson systems
Creators: name: Montero, J. C.
name: Nishi, C. C.
name: Pleitez, V.
name: Ravinez, O.
name: Rodriguez, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model with soft CP violation which accommodate the CP violation in the neutral kaons even if we assume that the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix is real and the sources of CP violation are three complex vacuum expectation values and a trilinear coupling in the scalar potential. We show that for some reasonable values of the masses and other parameters the model allows to explain all the observed CP violation processes in the $K^0$-$\bar{K}^0$ system.
description: 19 pages, RevTeX 4. Minor modifications
Inter-organellar signaling in a diatom
Creators: name: Agarwal, Ananya
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Diatoms are the most prolific unicellular photoautotrophs found in our oceans today. Their secondary symbiotic origins, along with the evolutionary exchange of genetic material over time, has resulted in an abundance of extremely diverse marine phytoplankton. Their robust photosynthetic and metabolic capabilities, that are slowly being brought to light, have been found to be quite different from their terrestrial counterparts. As most of what we know today is based on decades of research on model land plants and green algae, research on diatoms holds a lot of promise for new insights on the evolution of aquatic photosynthesis. To uncover the unique characteristics that allow these phytoplankton to outcompete other organisms for limited resources in their environment, I studied the changes in gene expression of low and high light acclimated Phaeodactylum tricornutum, to understand their responses to light stress. Analysis of the transcriptome of this model diatom revealed that strategies that improved the efficiency of light capture were upregulated in low light acclimated cells. Anabolic processes were downregulated, while catabolic metabolism, which regenerates reducing equivalents and ATP are upregulated, thus providing energy to the photon-limited cells. The most differentially expressed genes were predominantly uncharacterized proteins, reinforcing that what we know about marine photoacclimation at the molecular level is very limited. In this body of work, I have identified three proteins that are involved in light-intensity stimulated signal transduction cascades. The first encodes a light-specific soluble kinase, the second, an uncharacterized plastid transmembrane protein that appears to be under the regulation of the long noncoding natural antisense transcript (NAT) from its opposite strand, and the third is a MYB-like transcription factor that is a regulator of light harvesting complex gene expression in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
Energy Injection in GRB Afterglow Models
Creators: name: Johannesson, Gudlaugur
name: Bjornsson, Gunnlaugur
name: Gudmundsson, Einar H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the standard fireball model, widely used to interpret gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow light curves, to include energy injections, and apply the model to the afterglow light curves of GRB 990510, GRB 000301C and GRB 010222. We show that discrete energy injections can cause temporal variations in the optical light curves and present fits to the light curves of GRB 000301C as an example. A continuous injection may be required to interpret other bursts such as GRB 010222. The extended model accounts reasonably well for the observations in all bands ranging from X-rays to radio wavelengths. In some cases, the radio light curves indicate that additional model ingredients may be needed.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Code and selected model outputs for "Analysis of sloppiness in model simulations: unveiling parameter uncertainty when mathematical models are fitted to data"
Creators: name: Monsalve Bravo, Gloria Milena
name: Lawson, Brodie A. J.
name: Drovandi, Christopher
name: Burrage, Kevin
name: Brown, Kevin S.
name: Baker, Christopher M.
name: Vollert, Sarah A.
name: Mengersen, Kerrie
name: McDonald-Madden, Eve
name: Adams, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 10401 Applied Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10303 Optimisation
subject: 10301 Numerical Analysis

description: All of the code, and selected model output files, associated with the paper "Analysis of sloppiness in model simulations: unveiling parameter uncertainty when mathematical models are fitted to data ".The code and model output files contained in this repository are sufficient to generate all results shown in the paper (including all of the results shown in Supporting Information).Authors: Gloria M. Monsalve Bravo, Brodie A. J. Lawson, Christopher Drovandi, Kevin Burrage, Kevin S. Brown, Christopher M. Baker, Sarah A. Vollert, Kerrie Mengersen, Eve McDonald-Madden, and Matthew P. Adams
X-ray obscuration and obscured AGN in the local universe
Creators: name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Matt, G.
name: Perola, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the X-ray properties of 49 local (z<0.035) Seyfert 2 galaxies with HST/WFC2 high-resolution optical coverage. It includes the results of 26 still unpublished Chandra and XMM-Newton observations, which yield 25 (22) new X-ray detections in the 0.5-2 keV (2-10 keV) energy band. Our sample covers a range in the 2-10 keV observed flux from 3x10^{-11} to 6x10^{-15} erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The percentage of the objects which are likely obscured by Compton-thick matter (column density, N_H>1.6x10^{24} atoms/cm/cm) is ~50%, and reaches ~80% for log(F_{2-10})<12.3. Hence, K-alpha fluorescent iron lines with large Equivalent Width (EW > 0.6 keV) are common in our sample (6 new detections at a confidence level >2 sigma). They are explained as due to reflection off the illuminated side of optically thick material. We confirm a correlation between the presence of a ~100-pc scale nuclear dust in the WFC2 images and Compton-thin obscuration. We interpret this correlation as due to the large covering fraction of gas associated with the dust lanes following an idea originally proposed by Malkan et al. 1998, and Matt 2000). The X-ray spectra of highly obscured AGN invariably present a prominent soft excess emission above the extrapolation of the hard X-ray component. This soft component can account for a very large fraction of the overall X-ray energy budget. As this component is generally unobscured - and therefore likely produced in extended gas structures - it may lead to a severe underestimation of the nuclear obscuration in z~1 absorbed AGN, if standard X-ray colors are used to classify them. As a by-product of our study, we report the discovery of a soft X-ray, luminous (~7x10^{40} erg/s) halo embedding the interacting galaxy pair Mkn266.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, To appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Appendix A and Fig.12 to be published only in the journal electronic version
Development and upgrade of the ECRIS facility
Creators: name: Tinschert, K.
name: Lang, R.
name: Mäder, J.
name: Maimone, F.
name: Patchakui, P. T.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
From Attribution Maps to Human-Understandable Explanations through Concept Relevance Propagation
Creators: name: Achtibat, Reduan
name: Dreyer, Maximilian
name: Eisenbraun, Ilona
name: Bosse, Sebastian
name: Wiegand, Thomas
name: Samek, Wojciech
name: Lapuschkin, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to bring transparency to today's powerful but opaque deep learning models. While local XAI methods explain individual predictions in form of attribution maps, thereby identifying where important features occur (but not providing information about what they represent), global explanation techniques visualize what concepts a model has generally learned to encode. Both types of methods thus only provide partial insights and leave the burden of interpreting the model's reasoning to the user. In this work we introduce the Concept Relevance Propagation (CRP) approach, which combines the local and global perspectives and thus allows answering both the "where" and "what" questions for individual predictions. We demonstrate the capability of our method in various settings, showcasing that CRP leads to more human interpretable explanations and provides deep insights into the model's representation and reasoning through concept atlases, concept composition analyses, and quantitative investigations of concept subspaces and their role in fine-grained decision making.
description: 87 pages (13 pages manuscript, 8 pages references, 66 pages appendix) 63 figures (6 in manuscript, 57 in appendix) 3 tables (in appendix)
Ion source development of H-rich molecular beam operation for production of high-intensity proton beams at the UNILAC
Creators: name: Adonin, A.
name: Hollinger, R.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Synthesizing Rolling Bearing Fault Samples in New Conditions: A framework based on a modified CGAN
Creators: name: Ahang, Maryam
name: Jalayer, Masoud
name: Shojaeinasab, Ardeshir
name: Ogunfowora, Oluwaseyi
name: Charter, Todd
name: Najjaran, Homayoun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bearings are one of the vital components of rotating machines that are prone to unexpected faults. Therefore, bearing fault diagnosis and condition monitoring is essential for reducing operational costs and downtime in numerous industries. In various production conditions, bearings can be operated under a range of loads and speeds, which causes different vibration patterns associated with each fault type. Normal data is ample as systems usually work in desired conditions. On the other hand, fault data is rare, and in many conditions, there is no data recorded for the fault classes. Accessing fault data is crucial for developing data-driven fault diagnosis tools that can improve both the performance and safety of operations. To this end, a novel algorithm based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGANs) is introduced. Trained on the normal and fault data on any actual fault conditions, this algorithm generates fault data from normal data of target conditions. The proposed method is validated on a real-world bearing dataset, and fault data are generated for different conditions. Several state-of-the-art classifiers and visualization models are implemented to evaluate the quality of the synthesized data. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
description: 19 pages
Status of the Compact LEBT Project
Creators: name: Vormann, H.
name: Adonin, A.
name: Al Omari, H.
name: Barth, W.
name: Dahl, L.
name: Gerhard, P.
name: Groening, L.
name: Hollinger, R.
name: Maier, M.
name: Mickat, Sascha
name: Orzhekhovskaya, A.
name: Xiao, C.
name: Yaramyshev, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Beam dynamics layout of the compact LEBT
Creators: name: Xiao, C.
name: Groening, L.
name: Vormann, H.
name: Mickat, S.
name: Maier, M.
name: Barth, W.
name: Yaramyshev, S.
name: Kester, O.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Development of a MEBT Design to replace current UNILAC Superlens
Creators: name: Hähnel, H.
name: Ratzinger, U.
name: Tiede, R.
name: Mickat, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Gradient flow exact renormalization group
Creators: name: Sonoda, Hidenori
name: Suzuki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gradient flow bears a close resemblance to the coarse graining, the guiding principle of the renormalization group (RG). In the case of scalar field theory, a precise connection has been made between the gradient flow and the RG flow of the Wilson action in the exact renormalization group (ERG) formalism. By imitating the structure of this connection, we propose an ERG differential equation that preserves manifest gauge invariance in Yang--Mills theory. Our construction in continuum theory can be extended to lattice gauge theory.
description: 22 pages, the final version to appear in PTEP
Structural and transport properties of epitaxial NaxCoO2 thin films
Creators: name: Venimadhav, A.
name: Soukiassian, A.
name: Tenne, D. A.
name: Li, Qi
name: Xi, X. X.
name: Schlom, D. G.
name: Arroyave, R.
name: Liu, Z. K.
name: Sun, H. P.
name: Pan, Xiaoqing
name: Lee, Minhyea
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied structural and transport properties of epitaxial NaxCoO2 thin films on (0001) sapphire substrate prepared by topotaxially converting an epitaxial Co3O4 film to NaxCoO2 with annealing in Na vapor. The films are c axis oriented and in-plane aligned with [10 1 0] NaxCoO2 rotated by 30 degrees from [10 1 0] sapphire. Different Na vapor pressures during the annealing resulted in films with different Na concentrations, which showed distinct transport properties.
Application of the Savitzky-Golay-Filter to analyze the energy-loss of a heavy ion beam in an X-ray-heated CHO-foam
Creators: name: Maeder, R.
name: Rienecker, T.
name: Hagmann, S.
name: Borisenko, L.
name: Schächinger, M.
name: Schönlein, A.
name: Zaeter, S.
name: Rosmej, O.
name: Jacoby, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Complementarity relations of a delayed-choice quantum eraser in a quantum circuit
Creators: name: Chiou, Dah-Wei
name: Hsu, Hsiu-Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum circuit that emulates a delayed-choice quantum eraser via bipartite entanglement with the extension that the degree of entanglement between the two paired quantons is adjustable. This provides a broader setting to test complementarity relations between interference visibility and which-way distinguishability in the scenario that the which-way information is obtained through entanglement without direct contact with the quantum state for interference. The visibility-distinguishability relations are investigated from three perspectives that differ in how the which-way information is taken into consideration. These complementarity relations can be understood in terms of entropic uncertainty relations in the information-theoretic framework and the triality relation that incorporates single-particle and bipartite properties. We then perform experiments on the quantum computers provided by the IBM Quantum platform to verify the theoretical predictions. We also apply the delay gate to delay the measurement of the which-way information to affirm that the measurement can be made truly in the "delayed-choice" manner.
description: 38 pages, 17 figures, 1 table; v3: minor revisions made, one reference added
A general model for collaboration networks
Creators: name: Zhou, Tao
name: Jin, Ying-di
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
name: He, Da-Ren
name: Zhang, Pei-Pei
name: He, Yue
name: Su, Bei-Bei
name: Chen, Kan
name: Zhang, Zhong-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a general model for collaboration networks. Depending on a single free parameter "{\bf preferential exponent}", this model interpolates between networks with a scale-free and an exponential degree distribution. The degree distribution in the present networks can be roughly classified into four patterns, all of which are observed in empirical data. And this model exhibits small-world effect, which means the corresponding networks are of very short average distance and highly large clustering coefficient. More interesting, we find a peak distribution of act-size from empirical data which has not been emphasized before of some collaboration networks. Our model can produce the peak act-size distribution naturally that agrees with the empirical data well.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Zoghby, Elias: Den zerrissenen Rock flicken...wie lange wollen Katholiken und Orthodoxe noch warten?
Creators: name: Felmy, Karl Christian
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 2 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 2
A Simulation Methodology for Superconducting Qubit Readout Fidelity
Creators: name: Wong, Hiu Yung
name: Rosen, Yaniv Jacob
name: Beck, Kristin M.
name: Dhillon, Prabjot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Qubit readout is a critical part of any quantum computer including the superconducting-qubit-based one. The readout fidelity is affected by the readout pulse width, readout pulse energy, resonator design, qubit design, qubit-resonator coupling, and the noise generated along the readout path. It is thus important to model and predict the fidelity based on various design parameters along the readout path. In this work, a simulation methodology for superconducting qubit readout fidelity is proposed and implemented using Matlab and Ansys HFSS to allow the co-optimization in the readout path. As an example, parameters are taken from an actual superconducting-qubit-based quantum computer and the simulation is calibrated to one experimental point. It is then used to predict the readout error of the system as a function of readout pulse width and power and the results match the experiment well. It is found that the system can still maintain high fidelity even if the input power is reduced by 7dB or if the readout pulse width is 40% narrower. This can be used to guide the design and optimization of a superconducting qubit readout system.
description: 4 pages, 9 figures
SuperBoRG: Search for The Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies and Quasars in HST Parallel Imaging Data
Creators: name: Morishita, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has been providing tremendous survey efficiency via its pure-parallel mode, by observing another field in parallel with the primary instrument in operation for the primary observation. In this study, we present a new archival project, SuperBoRG, which aims at compiling data taken in extragalactic parallel programs of HST with WFC3 in the past decade; including pure-parallel (BoRG, HIPPIES, and COS-GTO) and coordinated-parallel (CLASH and RELICS) programs. The total effective area reaches $\sim0.41$deg$^2$ from 4.1Msec, or 47days, of observing time, which is the largest collection of optical-NIR imaging data of HST for extragalactic science. We reduce all data in a consistent manner with an updated version of our data reduction pipeline. When available, infrared imaging data from the Spitzer Space Telescope are included in photometric analyses. The dataset consists of 316 independent sightlines and is highly effective for identification of high-$z$ luminous sources ($M_\mathrm{UV}7$ source candidates, including one luminous galaxy candidate at $z_\mathrm{phot}\sim10.4$ with $M_\mathrm{UV}\sim-21.9$ mag; for this object the best-fit spectral energy distribution implies a large amount of stellar mass ($\log M_*/M_\odot \sim 10$) and moderate dust attenuation ($A_V \sim 1.4$mag), though the possibility of it being a low-$z$ interloper cannot completely be rejected ($\sim23\%$) with the current dataset. The dataset presented in this study is also suited for intermediate and low-$z$ science cases.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS
Shortcuts To Adiabaticity for Lévy processes in harmonic traps
Creators: name: Baldovin, Marco
name: Guéry-Odelin, David
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lévy stochastic processes, with noise distributed according to a Lévy stable distribution, are ubiquitous in science. Focusing on the case of a particle trapped in an external harmonic potential, we address the problem of finding "shortcuts to adiabaticity": after the system is prepared in a given initial stationary state, we search for time-dependent protocols for the driving external potential, such that a given final state is reached in a given, finite time. These techniques, usually used for stochastic processes with additive Gaussian noise, are typically based on a inverse-engineering approach. We generalise the approach to the wider class of Lévy stochastic processes, both in the overdamped and in the underdamped regime, by finding exact equations for the relevant characteristic functions in Fourier space.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The effect of pre-deformation on the ageing behavior of 7030.60 and 7108.72 alloys
Creators: name: Huang, Jin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study is part of a research project whose goal is to develop a process model for the production of aluminum alloy automotive bumpers. The problem originates from the industrial bumper manufacturing practice which uses aluminum alloys, AA7030.60 and AA7108.72 in particular. In the industrial production schedule, a forming (pre-deformation) process occurs after the solution heat treatment and water quenching, followed by a T6 ageing process. Due to the specific shape of the bumper product, the forming process introduces a heterogeneous distribution of deformation in the bumper. A systematic investigation of pre-deformation on the ageing behaviour of these alloys has been carried out. A series of pre-deformations (pre-strain from 0 to 1.2) was imposed on the materials, whose subsequent ageing responses were recorded in terms of the mechanical properties (yield stress, tensile strength, etc.) and electrical resistivity. Some transmission electron microscopy measurements were also conducted by other members of the research group. With a combination of these results the evolution of the material's microstructure and mechanical properties can be traced during the ageing process. Some of the significant results from the present study include the observation that the natural ageing response is reduced and the artificial ageing kinetics are accelerated for the pre-deformed alloys. Lower peak ageing strength is also observed for the pre-deformed alloys. These changes in the material behaviour are related to the changes in the microstructure when pre-deformation is present in the materials. At a microscopic level, dislocations are observed to arrange themselves into a loose cell structure. Pre-deformed alloys were observed to have larger average precipitate sizes. In addition, they also have different precipitate size distribution. For pre-deformed samples two peaks can be recognized in the precipitate size distribution curves, corresponding to the precipitates in the bulk and the precipitates at dislocation sites. Based on this study, it has been observed that deformation prior to artificial ageing leads to inferior final properties. A modified bumper manufacturing sequence is proposed in an attempt to eliminate this effect. However, further studies are needed to test the feasibility of the proposal.
Jackson Purchase Parkway Pavement Study
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Four distinct patterns of cracking were found. Temperature cracks are transverse and occur at intervals of about 15 to 88 feet. Roller-induced cracking has been made apparent by weather and erosion. Longitudinal cracking is usually at the edges of the wheel paths where rutting is prominent. Map cracking or checkering in the wheel paths is caused by the maximum shear stresses occurring at a depth equal to 1/3rd the radius of the loaded area (tire print). This cracking penetrated about 2.5 inches. This cracking and weakness was found only in the all-gravel asphaltic concrete. No stripping was found, but evidences of weakness were discernible. Where gravels (partially crushed) were blended with crushed limestone, these defects in performance were not found.  Overlay requirements were determined by analysis of Road Rater deflect ions.
Stress variations near surfaces in diamond-like amorphous carbon
Creators: name: Fyta, Maria
name: Kelires, Pantelis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations within the empirical potential approach, we examine the effect produced by the surface environment on the atomic level stresses in tetrahedral amorphous carbon. Both the distribution of stresses and the distributions of sp^2 and sp^3 atoms as a function of depth from the surface are highly inhomogeneous. They show the same close relationship between local stress and bonding hybridization found previously in the bulk of the material. Compressive local stress favors the formation of sp^3 sites, while tensile stress favors the formation of sp^2 sites.
description: 7pages, 4 figures
Testing H0 in Acoustic Dark Energy Models with Planck and ACT Polarization
Creators: name: Lin, Meng-Xiang
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Raveri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical acoustic dark energy model (cADE), which is based on a scalar field with a canonical kinetic term that rapidly converts potential to kinetic energy around matter radiation equality, alleviates the Hubble tension found in $Λ$CDM. We show that it successfully passes new consistency tests in the CMB damping tail provided by the ACT data, while being increasingly constrained and distinguished from alternate mechanisms by the improved CMB acoustic polarization data from Planck. The best fit cADE model to a suite of cosmological observations, including the SH0ES $H_0$ measurement, has $H_0=70.25$ compared with $68.23$ (km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$) in $Λ$CDM and a finite cADE component is preferred at the $2.8σ$ level. The ability to raise $H_0$ is now mainly constrained by the improved Planck acoustic polarization data, which also plays a crucial role in distinguishing cADE from the wider class of early dark energy models. ACT and Planck TE polarization data are currently mildly discrepant in normalization and drive correspondingly different preferences in parameters. Improved constraints on intermediate scale polarization approaching the cosmic variance limit will be an incisive test of the acoustic dynamics of these models and their alternatives.
description: v2: Added more references; matched the published version. 10 pages, 8 figures
Quantum charges and spacetime topology: The emergence of new superselection sectors
Creators: name: Brunetti, Romeo
name: Ruzzi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In which is developed a new form of superselection sectors of topological origin. By that it is meant a new investigation that includes several extensions of the traditional framework of Doplicher, Haag and Roberts in local quantum theories. At first we generalize the notion of representations of nets of C*-algebras, then we provide a brand new view on selection criteria by adopting one with a strong topological flavour. We prove that it is coherent with the older point of view, hence a clue to a genuine extension. In this light, we extend Roberts' cohomological analysis to the case where 1--cocycles bear non trivial unitary representations of the fundamental group of the spacetime, equivalently of its Cauchy surface in case of global hyperbolicity. A crucial tool is a notion of group von Neumann algebras generated by the 1-cocycles evaluated on loops over fixed regions. One proves that these group von Neumann algebras are localized at the bounded region where loops start and end and to be factorial of finite type I. All that amounts to a new invariant, in a topological sense, which can be defined as the dimension of the factor. We prove that any 1-cocycle can be factorized into a part that contains only the charge content and another where only the topological information is stored. This second part resembles much what in literature are known as geometric phases. Indeed, by the very geometrical origin of the 1-cocycles that we discuss in the paper, they are essential tools in the theory of net bundles, and the topological part is related to their holonomy content. At the end we prove the existence of net representations.
AdaptCL: Adaptive Continual Learning for Tackling Heterogeneity in Sequential Datasets
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuqing
name: Saxena, Divya
name: Cao, Jiannong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Managing heterogeneous datasets that vary in complexity, size, and similarity in continual learning presents a significant challenge. Task-agnostic continual learning is necessary to address this challenge, as datasets with varying similarity pose difficulties in distinguishing task boundaries. Conventional task-agnostic continual learning practices typically rely on rehearsal or regularization techniques. However, rehearsal methods may struggle with varying dataset sizes and regulating the importance of old and new data due to rigid buffer sizes. Meanwhile, regularization methods apply generic constraints to promote generalization but can hinder performance when dealing with dissimilar datasets lacking shared features, necessitating a more adaptive approach. In this paper, we propose AdaptCL, a novel adaptive continual learning method to tackle heterogeneity in sequential datasets. AdaptCL employs fine-grained data-driven pruning to adapt to variations in data complexity and dataset size. It also utilizes task-agnostic parameter isolation to mitigate the impact of varying degrees of catastrophic forgetting caused by differences in data similarity. Through a two-pronged case study approach, we evaluate AdaptCL on both datasets of MNIST Variants and DomainNet, as well as datasets from different domains. The latter include both large-scale, diverse binary-class datasets and few-shot, multi-class datasets. Across all these scenarios, AdaptCL consistently exhibits robust performance, demonstrating its flexibility and general applicability in handling heterogeneous datasets.
description: This article has been accepted by TNNLS
Single-shot Stern-Gerlach magnetic gradiometer with an expanding cloud of cold cesium atoms
Creators: name: Gosar, Katja
name: Arh, Tina
name: Mežnaršič, Tadej
name: Kvasič, Ivan
name: Ponikvar, Dušan
name: Apih, Tomaž
name: Kaltenbaek, Rainer
name: Žitko, Rok
name: Zupanič, Erik
name: Beguš, Samo
name: Jeglič, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine the Ramsey interferometry protocol, the Stern-Gerlach detection scheme, and the use of elongated geometry of a cloud of fully polarized cold cesium atoms to measure the selected component of the magnetic field gradient along the atomic cloud in a single shot. In contrast to the standard method where the precession of two spatially separated atomic clouds is simultaneously measured to extract their phase difference, which is proportional to the magnetic field gradient, we here demonstrate a gradiometer using a single image of an expanding atomic cloud with the phase difference imprinted along the cloud. Using resonant radio-frequency pulses and Stern-Gerlach imaging, we first demonstrate nutation and Larmor precession of atomic magnetization in an applied magnetic field. Next, we let the cold atom cloud expand in one dimension and apply the protocol for measuring the magnetic field gradient. The resolution of our single-shot gradiometer is not limited by thermal motion of atoms and has an estimated absolute accuracy below $\pm0.2$~mG/cm ($\pm20$~nT/cm).
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Messtechnische Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen der Datenrate in WLAN-Netzen und der Auslastung des Funkkanals in verschiedenen Wohnumgebungen
Creators: name: Hartmann, Marcel
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen der erzielba-ren Datenrate zwischen zwei auf einem gemeinsamen Funkkanal betriebenen IEEE 802.11-WLAN und dem Auslastungsgrad dieses Kanals im Laborbetrieb, um Rück-schlüsse einer Belegungssituation in ländlichen, vorstädtischen und städtischen Gebie-ten (rural, suburban, urban) in der Praxis zu erhalten. Die Belegungsmessungen sind hierbei nicht auf einen Kanal beschränkt, sondern untersuchen den gesamten 2,4 GHz ISM-Bereich. Das Ziel besteht darin, eine Aussage zur maximalen Auslastung eines Funkkanals zu treffen und ob im 2,4 GHz – Bereich eine Erweiterung erforderlich ist.
Sudden change of the photon output field marks phase transitions in the quantum Rabi model
Creators: name: Chen, Ye-Hong
name: Qiu, Yuan
name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Qin, Wei
name: Stassi, Roberto
name: Xia, Yan
name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental observation of quantum phase transitions predicted by the quantum Rabi model in quantum critical systems is usually challenging due to the lack of signature experimental observables associated with them. Here, we describe a method to identify the dynamical critical phenomenon in the quantum Rabi model consisting of a three-level atom and a cavity at the quantum phase transition. Such a critical phenomenon manifests itself as a sudden change of steady-state output photons in the system driven by two classical fields, when both the atom and the cavity are initially unexcited. The process occurs as the high-frequency pump field is converted into the low-frequency Stokes field and multiple cavity photons in the normal phase, while this conversion cannot occur in the superradiant phase. The sudden change of steady-state output photons is an experimentally accessible measure to probe quantum phase transitions, as it does not require preparing the equilibrium state.
description: has been published in Communcations Physics as a regular article
Establishing Visible Interferometer System Responses: Resolved and Unresolved Calibrators
Creators: name: van Belle, Gerard T.
name: van Belle, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of errors through the uniform disk visibility function is examined. Implications of those errors upon measures of absolute visibility through optical and near-infrared interferometers are considered within the context of using calibration stars to establish system visibilities for these instruments. We suggest a simple ratio test to establish empirically whether or not the measured visibilities produced by such an instrument are relative (errors dominated by calibrator angular size prediction error) or absolute (errors dominated by measurement error).
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, to be published in the PASP