cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ethics and Creativity in Computer Vision
Creators: name: Rostamzadeh, Negar
name: Denton, Emily
name: Petrini, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper offers a retrospective of what we learnt from organizing the workshop *Ethical Considerations in Creative applications of Computer Vision* at CVPR 2021 conference and, prior to that, a series of workshops on *Computer Vision for Fashion, Art and Design* at ECCV 2018, ICCV 2019, and CVPR 2020. We hope this reflection will bring artists and machine learning researchers into conversation around the ethical and social dimensions of creative applications of computer vision.
description: Neural Information Processing System 2021 workshop on Machine Learning for Creativity and Design
Eta Carinae in the Context of the Most Massive Stars
Creators: name: Gull, Theodore R.
name: Damineli, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eta Car, with its historical outbursts, visible ejecta and massive, variable winds, continues to challenge both observers and modelers. In just the past five years over 100 papers have been published on this fascinating object. We now know it to be a massive binary system with a 5.54-year period. In January 2009, Eta Car underwent one of its periodic low-states, associated with periastron passage of the two massive stars. This event was monitored by an intensive multi-wavelength campaign ranging from gamma-rays to radio. A large amount of data was collected to test a number of evolving models including 3-D models of the massive interacting winds. August 2009 was an excellent time for observers and theorists to come together and review the accumulated studies, as have occurred in four meetings since 1998 devoted to Eta Car. Indeed, Eta Car behaved both predictably and unpredictably during this most recent periastron, spurring timely discussions. Coincidently, WR140 also passed through periastron in early 2009. It, too, is a intensively studied massive interacting binary. Comparison of its properties, as well as the properties of other massive stars, with those of Eta Car is very instructive. These well-known examples of evolved massive binary systems provide many clues as to the fate of the most massive stars. What are the effects of the interacting winds, of individual stellar rotation, and of the circumstellar material on what we see as hypernovae/supernovae? We hope to learn.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, IAU General Assembly Joint Discussion on Eta Carinae in Context of the Most Massive Stars
Additional file 6 of Expanded gene and taxon sampling of diplomonads shows multiple switches to parasitic and free-living lifestyle
Creators: name: Wiśniewska, Monika M.
name: Salomaki, Eric D.
name: Silberman, Jeffrey D.
name: Terpis, Kristina X.
name: Mazancová, Eva
name: Táborský, Petr
name: Jinatham, Vasana
name: Gentekaki, Eleni
name: Čepička, Ivan
name: Kolisko, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S3. Maximum Likelihood trees of the selected HGT datasets. Trees were computed using IQ-TREE with C20+LG+G+F model, statistical support was inferred from 100 rapid bootstrap replicates computed in RAxML with LG4X+G model. Host associated diplomonads are marked in orange, free-living in blue, and green shows diplomonads whose lifestyle is uncertain. Other eukaryotes are colored in red. To improve readability of the trees, large bacterial or eukaryotic clades were collapsed.
title: Exploratory Sensitivity Analysis of a Stream Ecosystem Model
Creators: name: Wlosinski, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The framework of a stream ecosystem simulation model is described. Using this framework and data from two different geographical areas, a cold desert stream and a generalized mountain stream, exploratory sensitivity analysis was performed on the model. This was accomplished by qualitatively comparing outputs of a series of simulations in which a different level of a driving variable was used in each simulation. Based on these results, recommendations are made for improving the structure of the model.
title: A Seed Demography Model for Finding Optimal Strategies for Desert Annuals
Creators: name: Wilcott, J. Curtis
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: A theoretical investigation of the factors that affect the population dynamics of annual plants growing in deserts was conducted through the use of computer modeling techniques. A series of three models of the yearly life cycle of desert annuals was constructed and their behavior examined. The dissertation centers around the third and most complex model, a computer simulation model with distinguishable seed cohorts in a randomly varying rainfall environment. A typical simulation run was for 80 years and cost $1.00.
The five plant functions were (l} seed losses (mainly predation) as a function of seed age, (2) seed dormancy as a function of seed ages (3) percent germination of the non-dormant seeds in response to germinating rainfall, (4) percent survival from the seedling stage to maturity as a function of total rainfall over the growing season and seedling density, and (5) seeds produced per p 1 ant as a function of total rainfall over the growing season and density of mature plants. The stochasitc rainfall generator used historical rainfall probabilities from US Weather Bureau stations at Las Vegas, Nevada and Tucson, Arizona.
The literature on desert annuals was carefully searched to provide supporting data for the plant functions used in the simulation model. Most of the data is for winter annuals growing on the Nevada Test Site near Las Vegas. Single species data are rare, so the model functions reflected the average plant responses for winter annuals as a group. This base run set of functions reproduced the observed data quite well.
Sensitivity analysis of the simulation model indicated that in order to persist in the Las Vegas area, the seeds of annuals should have at least a one-year period of dormancy and a minimum threshold of about 15 mm of germinating rainfall. The age distribution of the seed reserves in the soil and the percent germinable is strongly influenced by the recent rainfall history of the site and the seed loss rate. The optimum balance is when the losses of older seeds from the seed reserves due to germination is the same size as the sum of the non-productive losses (e.g., predation).
Several experiments are suggested -- some to cover gaps in the published data and some that became evident through the sensitivity analysis of the model itself.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression and its associated factors among former Afghan refugees in Launceston, Tasmania
Creators: name: Hamrah, MS
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: There are over 2.5 million Afghan refugees who make up the second largest refugee population in the world. Afghans have fled their homeland due to widespread, protracted conflict across the country. Afghan refugees are at high risk of trauma-related mental health problems due to exposure to war traumas, which precipitates ongoing social stressors and daily grievances that affect many events long after resettlement. Few studies have examined the mental health of Afghan refugees resettled in Australia, notwithstanding the fact that Australia is among the largest per capita recipient of humanitarian entrants. Furthermore, limited research has investigated the mental health of Afghan refugees who have resettled in regional areas of Australia. Studying these issues in regional areas may be particularly important, given that access to health services is known to be particularly poor in these areas. Therefore, this study examined the occurrence and correlates of symptoms of PTSD (Post-traumatic stress disorder) and depression among Afghan refugees resettled in Launceston, a regional area of Australia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 66 resettled Afghan refugees living in Launceston using the Post Migration Living Difficulties Scale (PMLD), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25). Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were performed. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms among participants was 48.8%. Most participants (81.2%) with PTSD symptoms recognised that they had a mental health problem. However, approximately half (48.5%) of participants with PTSD symptoms had sought help for a mental health problem. Communication difficulties, family separation and self-recognition of PTSD symptoms were associated with PTSD symptoms. The prevalence of depression symptoms was 21.2%, with females having significantly higher prevalence than males. Isolation and physical inactivity were independently associated with depression symptoms. The results of this study suggested that there were high rates of PTSD and depression symptoms and relatively low uptake of mental health care among resettled Afghan refugees in Launceston, Australia. Factors that might usefully be targeted in health promotion, prevention and early intervention programs include communication difficulties, family separation, barriers to help-seeking, physical inactivity, and isolation.
Magnetoelastic interactions in the earth's core
Creators: name: Crossley, David John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Previous calculations of the interaction of plane elastic waves in a uniform magnetic field in the Earth's liquid core showed negligible damping of such waves. Subsequent extensions of the theory have treated separately the damping of radial oscillations in a uniform field, and the effect of a field gradient on plane waves. It has been speculated that enhanced attenuation would take place for standing waves in a field gradient. An additional effect might also be expected from a proper treatment of the field geometry, as within the Earth both magnetic and free-oscillation fields can be expanded in spherical harmonics. In the present thesis a rigorous evaluation of magnetoelastic interactions in a spherical conductor is given, with a view to clarifying these predictions. The results show that within the Earth's core and at seismic frequencies the interaction is indeed weak. Typical values of the Q of the damping due to magnetic effects are at least 10¹³. Consideration of a wide range of harmonics in the interaction fails to find a significant effect due to field geometry. The role of viscous damping is evaluated using a recent value for the core viscosity and typical viscous Q's were about 10¹⁶. The possibility of gaining useful information from magnetic or viscous damping of the free oscillations is thus remote, but the importance of the results lies in their extension to core oscillations of longer periods. Such oscillations will also be underdamped and their velocity fields may be suitable for the new turbulent dynamo theories of the Earth's main magnetic field.
title: An Evaluation of In-Stream Structures Designed to Provide Fish Habitat
Creators: name: Call, Charles H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1974

description: In-stream concrete structures were studied through model tests and river tests. The model studies indicated that four designs provided good habitat in the model stream. These structures were the inverted weir, the "V" structure, the slab with legs and the cylinder. Through the river studies it was determined that these structures did not influence enough of the total river area to be effective in providing good fish habitat. Also an appreciable amount of yearly maintenance would be required to free the structures from silting in, debris, and vandalism. The slab with legs was the only promising structure.
Carnegie Supernova Project: kinky $i$-band light-curves of Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Pessi, P. J.
name: Hsiao, E. Y.
name: Folatelli, G.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Burns, C. R.
name: Uddin, S.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Phiilips, M. M.
name: Morrell, N.
name: Ashall, C.
name: Baron, E.
name: Contreras, C.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Lu, J.
name: Martinez, L.
name: Piro, A. L.
name: Shahbandeh, M.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Suntzeff, N. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed investigation of a specific $i$-band light-curve feature in Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) using the rapid cadence and high signal-to-noise ratio light-curves obtained by the Carnegie Supernova Project. The feature is present in most SNe Ia and emerges a few days after the $i$-band maximum. It is an abrupt change in curvature in the light-curve over a few days and appears as a flattening in mild cases and a strong downward concave shape, or a "kink", in the most extreme cases. We computed the second derivatives of Gaussian Process interpolations to study 54 rapid-cadence light-curves. From the second derivatives we measure: 1) the timing of the feature in days relative to $i$-band maximum; tdm$_{2}$($i$) and 2) the strength and direction of the concavity in mag d$^{-2}$ ; dm$_{2}$($i$). 76$\%$ of the SNe Ia show a negative dm$_{2}$($i$), representing a downward concavity - either a mild flattening or a strong "kink". The tdm$_{2}$($i$) parameter is shown to correlate with the color-stretch parameter s$_{\mathrm{BV}}$, a SN Ia primary parameter. The dm$_{2}$($i$) parameter shows no correlation with s$_{\mathrm{BV}}$ and therefore provides independent information. It is also largely independent of the spectroscopic and environmental properties. Dividing the sample based on the strength of the light-curve feature as measured by dm$_{2}$($i$), SNe Ia with strong features have a Hubble diagram dispersion of 0.107 mag, 0.075 mag smaller than the group with weak features. Although larger samples should be obtained to test this result, it potentially offers a new method for improving SN Ia distance determinations without shifting to more costly near-infrared or spectroscopic observations.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted to be published on MNRAS
title: The Effects of Parental Modeling on the Health-Related Behaviors of American Indian Adolescents: A Culturally Specific Investigation of Social Learning Theory
Creators: name: Williams, Amy Jo
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: Health-compromising behavior is a leading cause of death among
American Indian (Al) adolescents. Examples of these behaviors include:
smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and lack of seatbelt use. Theories that
predict which Al youth are most at risk for executing these behaviors are needed.
Social learning theory (SL T) has shown adolescents' behaviors are
sometimes highly correlated with their parents' behaviors across different ethnic
groups. However, there has been little previous research done with Als.
The present study attempted to determine if SL T was applicable to Al
adolescents and their parents with regard to four health-related behaviors:
cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, seatbelt use, and religiosity. The first
three were chosen because of the high number of Al adolescent deaths
associated with them. Religiosity was included because high religiosity scores
have been shown to negatively correlate with health-compromising behaviors in
some studies. The present study provided partial support for SL T when applied
to Al youth. For example, there were positive correlations found between
parents' smoking and if the youths have ever smoked regularly or smoke
currently.
Little support was found for SL T with regard to alcohol consumption (i.e.,
the overall correlation was not significant). The exception to this was when
daughters were correlated with fathers. How often the father drank and if he
binged were positively correlated with how often the daughter drank and if she
ever binged. There were strong correlations between parents' seatbelt use and
similar use of their adolescents, thus supporting the theory. Also, strong positive
correlations were found between the religiosity of the parents' and the youth.
Further, religiosity did show negative correlations with health-compromising
behaviors among the youth. There was also a sex difference found, with female
youth having stronger negative correlations than the male youth.
There were 290 Al adolescents in this nationally representative sample,
136 mate and 154 female. All the behaviors were measured via self-report, as
was the identification of the adolescent's ethnicity.
Limitations of this research, implications for future research, and areas for
prevention/intervention with Al youth at risk are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Real-world outcomes of patients with hereditary angioedema with normal C1-inhibitor function and patients with idiopathic angioedema of unknown etiology in Canada
Creators: name: Adatia, Adil
name: Boursiquot, Jean-Nicolas
name: Goodyear, Dawn
name: Kalicinsky, Chrystyna
name: Kanani, Amin
name: Waserman, Susan
name: Nguyen, Michelle M. L.
name: Wadhwa, Abhinav
name: Weiss, Jessica
name: El-Zoeiby, Ahmed
name: Betschel, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Confinement in Yang--Mills: Elements of a Big Picture
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
name: Unsal, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a nontechnical review of the current understanding of the phenomenon of color confinement. The emphasis is put on recent advances. This is a combined and slightly expanded version of talks delivered at 14th International QCD Conference "QCD 08," 7-12th July 2008, Montpellier, France, the International Conference "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum," Mainz, Germany, September 1-6, 2008 (Confinement 08), and the International Conference "Approaches to Quantum Chromodynamics," Oberwoelz, Austria, September 7-13, 2008.
description: 23 pages, 7 pictures
title: Nutrition of Sheep Grazing Foothill Big Game Range in Spring
Creators: name: Kotter, Kurt J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1974

description: Sheep with esophageal fistulas were used to determine the daily intake, nutritive content and digestibility of forage at three periods and two stocking intensities during the spring of 1972 on a typical foothill range in northern Utah.
Heavy grazing under a season-long regime did not influence the concentrations of dietary chemical components when compared to moderate grazing; however, it did depress the digestibility of cellulose and organic matter. There was a significant decline in the dietary chemical components due to forage maturation. Digestibility of organic matter and cellulose were significantly higher in the early spring as compared to late spring. Daily intake was depressed as a result of the heavy grazing only in early spring.
Heavy grazing intensities on short-term pastures influenced the content of lignin, cellulose and protein in the diet. Digestibility of cellulose and organic matter was depressed during early and late spring as a result of the heavy grazing intensities while protein digestibility was depressed throughout the season. Intake was significantly lower under heavy grazing in the intermediate period than it was under moderate grazing.
title: Socioecology of the Vicuna
Creators: name: Franklin, William L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The social organization of the vicuna (Vicugna vicugna) and its relationship to the environment were studied at the Pampa Galeras National Vicuna Reserve in southern Peru from May 1968 to April 1971. 2 Behavioral data were collected on groups within a grid of 12.4 km during 3,800 hours of observation. The vicuna's alpine grassland environment was characterized by greatly fluctuating and freezing temperatures, light precipitation, high evaporation, wind, short growing seasons, shallow and infertile soils and low plant production. Vicuna habitat quality was dependent upon high producing, preferred vegetation types and close access to permanent water and a sleeping area. Only one-third of the Reserve was good habitat and less than 20 percent of the Cupitay Valley study area was preferred by feeding vicuna. Territorial behavior has evolved in this environment where food resources are generally in short supply, annually renewed on locally abundant patchy sites, but predictable in time and space and xvi defendable. Nearly 90 percent of females 2 years and older were pregnant at the beginning of the birth season and 90 percent of all births occurred between 22 February and 7 April. Ten to 30 percent of the crias (juveniles) died during their first 4 months. Five social units were distinguished, with the population primarily composed of Male Groups (MGs) and family groups: Permanent Territorial Family Groups (PTFGs) occupied good habitat and Marginal Territorial Family Groups (MrFGs) secondary habitat. Most PTFGs and MrFGs each occupied a year-round feeding territory in the day and a separate sleeping territory at night. Average group size for PTFGs was six (one male, three females and two crias) and they composed about 55 percent of the population. MrFGs were smaller (five), composed 40 percent of the population, had lower reproductive success and spent less time in their feeding territories than PTFGs. Non-territorial MGs averaged 20 animals and were chased out of zones occupied by PTFGs and MrFGs. As the number of groups increased, the frequency and intensity of territorial defense by males also increased. Territories provided a place free from intraspecific interference where females could feed, sleep, mate, give birth and raise their young. Feeding territories averaged 18 ha and sleeping territories 3 ha in size. A small cluster of sleeping territories on the flattened ridge formed a cummunal sleeping area for groups using the adjacent valleys. MGs and MTFGs made greater use of ridges and the non-preferred b1.tt1.ch grass communities, because they were excluded from preferred areas occupied by PTFGs. Group size was significantly (P
Simulations of Stochastic Long-Term Variability in Leptonic Models for External-Compton and Synchrotron Self-Compton Dominated Blazars
Creators: name: Thiersen, Hannes
name: Zacharias, Michael
name: Böttcher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the nature of multi-wavelength variability of blazars from a purely numerical approach. We use a time-dependent one-zone leptonic blazar emission model to simulate multi-wavelength variability by introducing stochastic parameter variations in the emission region. These stochastic parameter variations are generated by Monte Carlo methods and have a characteristic power law index of $α=-2$ in their power spectral densities. We include representative blazar test cases for a flat spectrum radio quasar and a high synchrotron peaked BL Lacertae object for which the high energy component of the Spectral Energy Distribution is dominated by external Compton and synchrotron self-Compton emission, respectively. The simulated variability is analyzed in order to characterise the distinctions between the two blazar cases and the physical parameters driving the variability. We show that the variability's power spectrum is closely related to underlying stochastic parameter variations for both cases. Distinct differences between the different progenitor variations are present in the multi-wavelength cross-correlation functions.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures; Accepted in ApJ
Spin Hall effect due to intersubband-induced spin-orbit interaction in symmetric quantum wells
Creators: name: Lee, Minchul
name: Hachiya, Marco O.
name: Bernardes, E.
name: Egues, J. Carlos
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the intrinsic spin Hall effect in two-dimensional electron gases in quantum wells with two subbands, where a new intersubband-induced spin-orbit coupling is operative. The bulk spin Hall conductivity $σ^z_{xy}$ is calculated in the ballistic limit within the standard Kubo formalism in the presence of a magnetic field $B$ and is found to remain finite in the B=0 limit, as long as only the lowest subband is occupied. Our calculated $σ^z_{xy}$ exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior and can change its sign as the Fermi energy (the carrier areal density $n_{2D}$) is varied between the subband edges. We determine the magnitude of $σ^z_{xy}$ for realistic InSb quantum wells by performing a self-consistent calculation of the intersubband-induced spin-orbit coupling.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Influence of loop diuretics on denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia in osteoporosis: a retrospective observational analysis
Creators: name: Hirai, Toshinori
name: Mori, Yukari
name: Ogura, Toru
name: Kondo, Yuki
name: Sakazaki, Yuka
name: Ishitsuka, Yoichi
name: Sudo, Akihiro
name: Iwamoto, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
title: Nutritional Quality and Herbage Production of Intermediate Wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium [Host] Beauv.) When Infested with Black Grass Bugs (Labops hesperius Uhler)
Creators: name: Gray, Alan M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: Two intermediate wheatgrass seedings with different levels of grass bug infestation were evaluated for herbage production, seedhead production, percent dry matter, crude protein, and cell contents. Study sites were located at different elevations on mountain summer ranges in northern (Site I) and central (Site II) Utah. Study plots at Site I and Site II were infested with 113 and 210 bugs per sweep, respectively. Herbage production appeared to be reduced in early spring on the site with the higher infestation; however, no effect on season-long herbage production could be detected on either site. Seedhead production on infested plots was reduced 45 percent at Site I and 56 percent at Site II. No important effect on dry matter content of infested plants was detected even though the leaves appeared to be dry and in a condition of moisture stress. Crude protein of infested plants was significantly higher (one to two percent) than control plants on the site with the higher infestation. The percentage of cell contents of plants on the more highly infested plot was eight percent less than the percentage of cell contents of control plants in the early spring. This reduction coincided with the period of peak damage. Later in the season this difference diminished as plant growth continued after the bug population completed its life cycle.
Konzeption eines Verfahrens zur ähnlichkeitsbasierten Cluster-Analyse von Vitaldaten und dessen Validierung am Beispiel von Schmerzmittelgaben nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen
Creators: name: Schrumpf, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 004 Data processing Computer sciences
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine
subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: In der Arbeit wird ein Verfahren zur Identifikation von Gesundheitszuständen des Menschen entwickelt. Mit Hilfe einer hierarchischen Cluster-Analyse werden anhand von Biosignalen Zustände mit charakteristischen Vitalparametersätzen identifiziert. Das Verfahren wird mit Hilfe realer und synthetischer Daten validiert. Mit der Detektion von Schmerzmittelgaben nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen im Rahmen einer klinischen Messstudie wird eine Evaluierung vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse der Methode werden mit Referenzverfahren verglichen. Es zeigen sich vergleichbare oder bessere Ergebnisse.
Additional file 1 of Epidemiological linkage between migraine and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ha, Woo-Seok
name: Nguyen, Vinh Khang
name: Chu, Min Kyung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Factors Influencing Germination and Seedling Survival of Several Varieties of Astragalus lentiginosus Dougl.
Creators: name: Ziemkiewicz, Paul
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: Astragalus lentiginosus, which consists of 36 varieties, is one of the principal locoweeds of western North America. The objectives of this study included identification of some of the major factors affecting germination of the seed and survival of the newly established seedlings for several of these varieties.
The seeds of the varieties studied exhibited two mechanisms for dormancy. One is a seed coat that is impermeable to water, and the other is a water-leachable inhibitor. The presence or absence of low-intensity incandescent light (in 14-hour day lengths) had no effect on germination. Of three temperature regimes studied, the regime 7/13 C proved optimal for both total and rapid rate of germination. However, though germinating at lower rates, weeds at -1/4 C and 21/27 C both ultimately reached high percentages of germination. Germination decreased linearly with increasing salinity to almost zero in NaCl solutions of -8.52 bars water potential. Variety araenosus, collected in a salt desert shrub vegetation type showed the highest germination at low temperatures and the greatest salinity tolerance.
Seedling survival work was done with both pre-established and established seedlings at the cotyledon to five leaflet stages of development. Seedlings were considered pre-established from the time of germination until the cotyledons were completely unfolded. Afterwards, the seedlings were considered established.
Germination and survival of pre-established seedlings were inhibited by day temperatures of 21 C under laboratory conditions. Maximum emergence and survival occurred at the low temperature regime of 4/13 C. However, seedlings of the three to five leaflet stages grew best at day temperatures of 30 C; growth was substantially lower at lower temperatures.
Seedlings of var. araenosus displayed the most rapid rate of root growth at 7/12 C while roots of var. vitreus grew at a rate nearly 50 percent lower.
Higher Order Corrections To The Lifetime Of Heavy Hadrons
Creators: name: Piscopo, Maria Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we discuss the theoretical status for the study of the lifetime of heavy hadrons. After presenting some introductory topics like the effective weak Hamiltonian and the heavy quark effective theory (HQET), we describe the construction of the heavy quark expansion (HQE), which constitutes the theoretical framework to systematically compute the total decay width of heavy hadrons, in terms of an expansion in inverse powers of the heavy quark mass. The structure of the HQE is discussed in detail, and the computation of the lowest dimensional contributions, explicitly outlined. Particular emphasis is put in describing the expansion of the quark propagator in the external gluon field using the Fock-Schwinger (FS) gauge, which represents a fundamental ingredient of the calculation. Moreover, the main result is the computation of the dimension-six contribution due to the Darwin operator, only recently determined and found to have a sizeable effect. Finally, we consider two phenomenological applications of the HQE in the charm sector, namely the study of the lifetime of charmed mesons and the analysis of the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani (GIM) cancellations in neutral $D$-meson mixing. By comparing our results with recent measurements performed by the LHCb, Belle-II and BESIII collaborations, we conclude that the HQE is able to reproduce, within large theoretical uncertainties, the experimental pattern for the lifetimes of charmed mesons and we discuss a potential solution for the discrepancy of previous theoretical determinations of $D$-mixing with data.
description: PhD thesis
QCD sum rule for nucleon in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Mallik, S.
name: Sarkar, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two-point function of nucleon current in nuclear matter and write a QCD sum rule to analyse the residue of the nucleon pole as a function of nuclear density. The nucleon self-energy needed for the sum rule is taken as input from calculations using phenomenological NN potential. Our result shows a decrease in the residue with increasing nuclear density, as is known to be the case with similar quantities.
Functional communication in youth with cerebral palsy (Koopmans et al., 2021)
Creators: name: Koopmans, Clare
name: Sakash, Ashley
name: Soriano, Jennifer
name: Long, Helen L.
name: Hustad, Katherine C.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Language

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between functional communication skills, underlying speech, language, and cognitive impairments and school-based speech pathology services in students with cerebral palsy (CP).Method: Thirty-five participants with CP who had Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) were classified according to the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS). Participants completed laboratory assessments of speech, receptive language, executive functioning, and nonverbal cognition. Each participant’s speech and language IEP goals were coded into treatment units and then categorized into seven, mutually exclusive target goal areas. Nonparametric analyses were employed to examine differences among CFCS groups in the number of deficit areas and the number of goal areas from the IEP. Descriptive analyses were used to evaluate the extent to which deficit and goal areas in the IEP co-occurred by CFCS level.Results: Those in more involved CFCS levels demonstrated more severe speech, receptive language, and cognitive impairments. However, there were no significant differences in the number of deficit areas across CFCS groups. Regardless of CFCS level, there were no differences in the number of treatment goals specified in the IEP. Literacy was the only goal area addressed across all CFCS levels. Those in the most involved CFCS levels had augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) goals, but those with more moderate restrictions in functional communication who also had markedly reduced speech intelligibility did not typically have speech or AAC goals.Interpretation: Individuals with CP across CFCS levels demonstrate variability in underlying deficit profiles, suggesting that measures of both functional communication and of underlying deficits are necessary to provide a complete picture of communication needs. Literacy goals were common across all CFCS levels, but AAC goals were limited to the most severely involved individuals, suggesting that continuing education may be necessary to support speech-language pathologists in developing treatments involving the integration of AAC.
Supplemental Material S1. Operational definitions of targeted skill areas addressed in children’s IEP goals.
Koopmans, C., Sakash, A., Soriano, J. Long, H. L., & Hustad, K. C. (2021). Functional communication abilities in youth with cerebreal palsy: Association with impairment profile and school-based therapy goals. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2021_LSHSS-21-00064
Density dependence of the excitation gaps in an undoped Si/SiGe double-quantum-well heterostructure
Creators: name: Chen, D.
name: Cai, S.
name: Hsu, N. -W.
name: Huang, S. -H.
name: Chuang, Y.
name: Nielsen, E.
name: Li, J. -Y.
name: Liu, C. W.
name: Lu, T. M.
name: Laroche, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report low-temperature magneto-transport measurements of an undoped Si/SiGe asymmetric double quantum well heterostructure. The density in both layers is tuned independently utilizing a top and a bottom gate, allowing the investigation of quantum wells at both imbalanced and matched densities. Integer quantum Hall states at total filling factor $ν_{\text{T}} = 1$ and $ν_{\text{T}} = 2$ are observed in both density regimes, and the evolution of their excitation gaps is reported as a function of density. The $ν_{\text{T}} = 1$ gap evolution departs from the behavior generally observed for valley splitting in the single layer regime. Furthermore, by comparing the $ν_{\text{T}} = 2$ gap to the single particle tunneling energy, $Δ_{\text{SAS}}$, obtained from Schrödinger-Poisson (SP) simulations, evidence for the onset of spontaneous inter-layer coherence (SIC) is observed for a relative filling fraction imbalance smaller than ${\sim}50\%$
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted in APL
Theory of Room Temperature Ferromagnet V(TCNE)_x (1.5 < x < 2): Role of Hidden Flat Bands
Creators: name: Matsuura, Hiroyasu
name: Miyake, Kazumasa
name: Fukuyama, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies on the possible origin of room temperature ferromagnetism (ferromagnetic once crystallized) in the molecular transition metal complex, V(TCNE)_x (1.5
description: Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.79 (2010), No. 3 (March issue), in press; 6 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 8 of Expanded gene and taxon sampling of diplomonads shows multiple switches to parasitic and free-living lifestyle
Creators: name: Wiśniewska, Monika M.
name: Salomaki, Eric D.
name: Silberman, Jeffrey D.
name: Terpis, Kristina X.
name: Mazancová, Eva
name: Táborský, Petr
name: Jinatham, Vasana
name: Gentekaki, Eleni
name: Čepička, Ivan
name: Kolisko, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 8: Fig. S5. Bar chart summarizing BUSCO results against eukaryotic lineages generated using generate_plot.py. An asterix in front of a species’s name denotes either incomplete (S. barkhanus, S. vortens) or contaminated (Trepomonas sp. PPS6 DAR, Trepomonas sp. PPS6 Vlada7) datasets.
title: Respiratory Metabolism and Energy Requirements of Embryo, Larval and Juvenile Mountain Whitefish, Prosopium Williamsoni
Creators: name: Rajagopal, Pokkavil Karunakara
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The upper optimum temperature for embryonic development of mountain whitefish is 6 C, and for the post yolk sac stage is 9 to 12 C. The need to know effects on all stages in the life cycle in cases of thermal pollution is demonstrated. Abnormalities caused by thermal pollution in hatched larvae were agape jaws, coloboma or fissure of the eye, monophthalmia or the presence of only one eye, monomicrophthalmia or the presence of one small eye and one case of twinning. High mortalities of eggs occurred at 9 C and higher.
Study of the energy expenditure, by the dry weight method showed an energy deficit at 6 and 9 Cat the time of hatching. The larvae are then fully capable of offsetting these deficits by feeding. The oxygen consumption method showed an energy deficit during hatching at 6 C, but failed to show any at 9 C. The efficiency of yolk conversion generally decreased as development progressed. No group effect in active metabolism was observed in the underyearlings.
The electrochemical method of measuring oxygen consumption of embryos gave a cumulative value which was 6.8% higher than values obtained using the manometric method. This increase is attributed to the increase in activity of embryos caused by the nature of the experimental set up.
Active metabolism and scope for activity were high at 9 and 12 C compared to 6 and 15 C. Standard metabolism steeply increased at 1:5 C. There was very little scope for activity at 15 C.
The embryonic development was similar to that of other whitefishes. The mountain whitefish requires more thermal units to reach corresponding stages than does the lake whitefish, after the stage when the blastodisc is prominantly raised up on the yolk.
Conformal Transformations in Cosmology of Modified Gravity: the Covariant Approach Perspective
Creators: name: Carloni, Sante
name: Elizalde, Emilio
name: Odintsov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1+3 covariant approach and the covariant gauge-invariant approach to perturbations are used to analyze in depth conformal transformations in cosmology. Such techniques allow us to obtain very interesting insights on the physical content of these transformations, when applied to non-standard gravity. The results obtained lead to a number of general conclusions on the change of some key quantities describing any two conformally related cosmological models. In particular, it is shown that the physics in the Einstein frame has characteristics which are completely different from those in the Jordan frame. Even if some of the geometrical properties of the cosmology are preserved (homogeneous and isotropic Universes are mapped into homogeneous and isotropic universes), it can happen that decelerating cosmologies are mapped into accelerated ones. Differences become even more pronounced when first-order perturbations are considered: from the 1+3 equations it is seen that first-order vector and tensor perturbations are left unchanged in their structure by the conformal transformation, but this cannot be said of the scalar perturbations, which include the matter density fluctuations. Behavior in the two frames of the growth rate, as well as other evolutionary features, like the presence or absence of oscillations, etc., appear to be different too. The results obtained are then explicitly interpreted and verified with the help of some clarifying examples based on $f(R)$-gravity cosmologies.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
Response inhibition : neural correlates and the impact of ageing
Creators: name: Wells, MJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The ability to stop a movement based on changing environmental stimuli is a crucial skill for functioning in the world. Two mechanisms are thought to be involved in stopping; top-down or proactive expectation of stopping, and bottom-up or reactive stopping to stimuli. A group of younger (n = 27) and older adults (n = 12) participated in a Stop-Signal Task to measure stopping ability while functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRs) recorded haemodynamic changes in regions of interest of the Pre-Frontal Cortex (PFC). It was hypothesised that neural activity in dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) would correlate with proactive stopping behaviour, and this was supported by the data. It was also hypothesised that the right inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and supplementary motor area (SMA) would correlate with stopping behaviour, but this was not shown in the data. Older people used more proactive slowing to maintain stopping ability comparable to younger adults. Older adults also exhibited bilateral hyperactivity in the DLPFC during stopping compared to younger adults. Together, these findings demonstrate that older adults engage different stopping strategies to younger adults. This work has implications for older adults in understanding falls and injuries, and demonstrates fNIRs can measure neural correlates of response inhibition.
title: A High-Order (EXtended) Discontinuous Galerkin Solver for the Simulation of Viscoelastic Droplet
Creators: name: Kikker, Anne
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: The aim of this work is to provide a solver for viscoelastic multi-phase flows within the Bounded Support Spectral Solver (BoSSS) currently under development at the Chair of Fluid Dynamics at the Technical University of Darmstadt. The discretisation in BoSSS consists of a high-order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for single-phase flow and a high-order eXtended Discontinuous Galerkin (XDG) method for the multi-phase purpose. The solver shall be used to investigate numerically the behaviour of viscoelastic droplets. The macroscopic Oldroyd B model which is used in a wide range of applications is chosen as the constitutive model. A detailed derivation of the system of equations including the modeling principles for the Oldroyd B model is presented. A DG discretisation of the system of equations including the Local Discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method is presented after introducing the field of the DG method. The derivation of appropriate flux functions for the constitutive equations and the extra stress tensor are one of the key derivations of this scientific work. Difficulties arising in the numerical solution of viscoelastic flow problems for higher Weissenberg numbers for different discretisation methods are due to the convection dominated, mixed hyperbolic-elliptic-parabolic nature of the system of equations. Several strategies are presented which overcome these problems and are known from the literature. A key achievement of this scientific work is the application of the LDG method, originally developed for a hyperbolic system of equations for a Newtonian fluid, on the viscoelastic system of equations which renders methods for preserving ellipticity unnecessary. Furthermore, various strategiesn to enhance and to support convergence of the solution of the DG discretised system are presented. These are the Newton method with different approaches determining the Jacobian of the system, a homotopy continuation method based on the Weissenberg number for a better initial guess for the Newton method, and a troubled cell indicator combined with an artificial diffusion approach or an adaptive mesh refinement strategy, respectively. For the completeness of this work the XDG method is presented using a sharp interface approach with a signed distance level-set function as it is implemented in BoSSS. The single-phase solver is combined with these methods and appropriate flux functions for the interface are implemented to enable multi-phase applications for viscoelastic fluid. Several numerical experiments are conducted to verify and to validate the viscoelastic singlephase solver and to show the capability of the viscoelastic multi-phase solver to simulate viscoelastic droplets. Advantages and disadvantages of the implementation and an outlook for future research can be found in the conclusion.