cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study of highly-excited string states at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Gingrich, Douglas M.
name: Martell, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In TeV-scale gravity scenarios with large extra dimensions, black holes may be produced at future colliders. Good arguments have been made for why general relativistic black holes may be just out of reach of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). However, in weakly-coupled string theory, highly excited string states - string balls - could be produced at the LHC with high rates and decay thermally, not unlike general relativistic black holes. In this paper, we simulate and study string ball production and decay at the LHC. We specifically emphasize the experimentally-detectable similarities and differences between string balls and general relativistic black holes at a TeV scale.
description: expanded discussion on backgrounds
An Eclipsing Black Widow Pulsar in NGC 6712
Creators: name: Yan, Zhen
name: Pan, Zhi-chen
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
name: Qian, Lei
name: Wang, Pei
name: Shen, Zhi-qiang
name: Li, Di
name: Jiang, Peng
name: Luo, Jin-Tao
name: Liu, Jie
name: Huang, Zhi-peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the first radio pulsar associated with NGC 6712, an eclipsing black widow (BW) pulsar, J1853$-$0842A, found by high-sensitivity searches using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. This 2.15 ms pulsar is in a 3.56 hr compact circular orbit with a very low mass companion likely of mass 0.018 to 0.036 $M_{\rm \odot}$ and exhibits eclipsing of the pulsar signal. Though the distance to PSR J1853$-$0842A predicted from its dispersion measure ($155.125 \pm 0.004$ cm$^{-3}$ pc) and Galactic free electron density models are about 30\% smaller than that of NGC 6712 obtained from interstellar reddening measurements, this is likely due to limited knowledge about the spiral arms and Scutum stellar cloud in this direction. Follow-up timing observations spanning 445 days allow us to localize the pulsar's position to be 0.14 core radii from the center of NGC 6712 and measure a negative spin-down rate for this pulsar of $-2.39(2)\times10^{-21}\rm s s^{-1}$. The latter cannot be explained without the acceleration of the GC and decisively supports the association between PSR J1853--0842A and NGC 6712. Considering the maximum GC acceleration, Galactic acceleration, and Shklovskii effect, we place an upper limit on the intrinsic spin-down rate to be $1.11\times10^{-20}\rm~s~s^{-1}$. From an analysis of the eclipsing observations, we estimate the electron density of the eclipse region to be about $1.88\times10^6\rm cm^{-3}$. We also place an upper limit of the accretion rate from the companion is about $3.05\times10^{-13}~M_{\rm \odot}\rm~yr^{-1}$ which is comparable with some other BWs.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; Accepted by ApJ
A Minimization Method for Relativistic Electrons in a Mean-Field Approximation of Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Hainzl, Christian
name: Lewin, Mathieu
name: Sere, Eric
name: Solovej, Jan Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a mean-field relativistic model which is able to describe both the behavior of finitely many spin-1/2 particles like electrons and of the Dirac sea which is self-consistently polarized in the presence of the real particles. The model is derived from the QED Hamiltonian in Coulomb gauge neglecting the photon field. All our results are non-perturbative and mathematically rigorous.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Open-chain transfer matrices for AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Murgan, Rajan
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend Sklyanin's construction of commuting open-chain transfer matrices to the SU(2|2) bulk and boundary S-matrices of AdS/CFT. Using the graded version of the S-matrices leads to a transfer matrix of particularly simple form. We also find an SU(1|1) boundary S-matrix which has one free boundary parameter.
description: 11 pages; v2: reference added
title: Middleware support for the "Internet of Things"
Creators: name: Aberer, Karl
name: Hauswirth, Manfred
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Middleware
subject: Computer architecture

description: The `Internet of Things¿ intends to enhance items of our everyday life with information and/or processing and interconnect them, so that computers can sense, integrate, present, and react on all kinds of aspects of the physical world. As this implies that enormous numbers of data sources need to be connected and related to each other, flexible and dynamic middleware support essentially providing zero-programming deployment is a key requirement to cope with the sheer scale of this task and the heterogeneity of available technologies. In this paper we briefly overview our Global Sensor Networks (GSN) middleware which supports these tasks and offers a flexible, zero-programming deployment and integration infrastructure. GSN's central concept is the virtual sensor abstraction which enables the user to declaratively specify XML-based deployment descriptors in combination with the possibility to integrate sensor network data through plain SQL queries over local and remote sensor data sources. The GSN implementation is available from http://globalsn.sourceforge.net/.
"Ash-fall" induced by molecular outflow in protostar evolution
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Yusuke
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust growth and its associated dynamics play key roles in the first phase of planet formation in young stellar objects (YSOs). Observations have detected signs of dust growth in very young protoplanetary disks. Furthermore, signs of planet formation, gaps in the disk at a distance of several 10 astronomical units (AU) from the central protostar are also reported. From a theoretical point of view, however, it is not clear how planet form at the outer region of a disk despite the difficulty due to rapid inward drift of dust so called radial drift barrier. Here, on the basis of three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of disk evolution with the dust growth, we propose a mechanism named "ash-fall" phenomenon induced by powerful molecular outflow driven by magnetic field which may circumvent the radial drift barrier. We found that the large dust which grows to a size of $\sim \cm$ in the inner region of a disk is entrained by an outflow from the disk. Then large dust decoupled from gas is ejected from the outflow due to centrifugal force, enriching the grown dust in the envelope and is eventually fall onto the outer edge of the disk. The overall process is similar to behaviour of ash-fall from volcanic eruptions. In the ash-fall phenomenon, the Stokes number of dust increases by reaccreting to the less dense disk outer edge. This may make the dust grains overcome the radial drift barrier. Consequently, the ash-fall phenomenon can provide a crucial assist for making the formation of the planetesimals in outer region of the disk possible, and hence the formation of wide-orbit planets and the formation of the gaps.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL, typos in Appendix A are fixed
Prospects for detection of very high-energy emission from GRB in the context of the external shock model
Creators: name: Galli, A.
name: Piro, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of the 100 GeV-TeV emission by a gamma-ray burst (GRB) will provide an unprecedented opportunity to study the nature of the central engine and the interaction between the relativistic flow and the environment of the burst's progenitor. In this paper we show that there are exciting prospects of detecting from the burst by MAGIC high-energy (HE) emission during the early X-ray flaring activity and, later, during the normal afterglow phase. We also identify the best observational strategy, trigger conditions and time period of observation. We determine the expected HE emission from the flaring and afterglow phases of GRBs in the context of the external shock scenario and compare them with the MAGIC threshold. We find that an X-ray flare with the average properties of the class can be detected in the 100 GeV range by MAGIC, provided that z<0.7. The requested observational window with MAGIC should then start from 10-20 s after the burst and cover about 1000-2000 s. Furthermore, we demonstrate that there are solid prospects of detecting the late afterglow emission in the same energy range for most of the bursts with z<0.5 if the density of the external medium is n> a few cm^-3. In this case, the MAGIC observation shall extend to about 10-20 ks. We provide recipes for tailoring this prediction to the observational properties of each burst,in particular the fluence in the prompt emission and the redshift, thus allowing an almost real time decision procedure to decide whether to continue the follow-up observation of a burst at late times.
description: 6 pages, 2 color figures, accepted for the pubblication in A&A
title: Towards bootstrapping a chatbot on industrial heritage through term and relation extraction
Creators: name: Arcan, Mihael
name: O’Halloran, Rory
name: Robin, Cecile
name: Buitelaar, Paul
Publisher: name: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: bootstrapping
subject: chatbot
subject: industrial heritage
subject: term extraction
subject: relation extraction

description: We describe initial work in developing a methodology for the automatic generation of a conversational agent or ‘chatbot’ through term and relation extraction from a relevant corpus of language data. We develop our approach in the domain of industrial heritage in the 18th and 19th centuries, and more specifically on the industrial history of canals and mills in Ireland. We collected a corpus of relevant newspaper reports and Wikipedia articles, which we deemed representative of a layman’s understanding of this topic. We used the Saffron toolkit to extract relevant terms and relations between the terms from the corpus and leveraged the extracted knowledge to query the British Library Digital Collection and the Project Gutenberg library. We leveraged the extracted terms and relations in identifying possible answers for a constructed set of questions based on the extracted terms, by matching them with sentences in the British Library Digital Collection and the Project Gutenberg library. In a final step, we then took this data set of question-answer pairs to train a chatbot. We evaluate our approach by manually assessing the appropriateness of the generated answers for a random sample, each of which is judged by four annotators.
Additional file 1 of Profile of children referred to primary health care physiotherapy: a longitudinal observational study in Norway
Creators: name: Evensen, Kari Anne I.
name: Sellæg, Siw
name: Anne-Cath Stræte
name: Hansen, Anne E.
name: Ingebrigt Meisingset
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Details of questions from FYSIOPRIM used in this study.
Layer-dependent pressure effect on electronic structures of 2D black phosphorus
Creators: name: Huang, Shenyang
name: Lu, Yang
name: Wang, Fanjie
name: Lei, Yuchen
name: Song, Chaoyu
name: Zhang, Jiasheng
name: Xing, Qiaoxia
name: Wang, Chong
name: Xie, Yuangang
name: Mu, Lei
name: Zhang, Guowei
name: Yan, Hao
name: Chen, Bin
name: Yan, Hugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through infrared spectroscopy, we systematically study the pressure effect on electronic structures of few-layer black phosphorus (BP) with layer number ranging from 2 to 13. We reveal that the pressure-induced shift of optical transitions exhibits strong layer-dependence. In sharp contrast to the bulk counterpart which undergoes a semiconductor to semimetal transition under ~1.8 GPa, the bandgap of 2 L increases with increasing pressure until beyond 2 GPa. Meanwhile, for a sample with a given layer number, the pressure-induced shift also differs for transitions with different indices. Through the tight-binding model in conjunction with a Morse potential for the interlayer coupling, this layer- and transition-index-dependent pressure effect can be fully accounted. Our study paves a way for versatile van der Waals engineering of two-dimensional BP.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Níveis Bioquímicos após suplementação em Policias Militares durante treinamento físico
Creators: name: Silveira, Celismar Lázaro Da
name: Souza, Thiago Siqueira Paiva De
name: Araújo Júnior, Adenilson Targino De
name: Batista, Gilmário Ricarte
name: Torres, Monica Da Silveira
name: Cirilo-Sousa, Maria Do Socorro
name: Garrido, Nuno Domingo
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2016

description: Este estudo analisou o efeito da suplementação com creatina ou glutamina sobre variáveis bioquímicas em policiais de militares. Neste propósito, desenvolveu-se um estudo experimental, duplo cego, com amostra de 32 homens distribuídos aleatoriamente, em três grupos: suplementados em creatina (n=10), glutamina (n=10) e grupo placebo (n=12) e avaliados em três momentos distintos, num intervalo de três meses (T1, T2 e T3) durante o período do treinamento físico militar, com frequência de cinco sessões de 90 minutos, por semana. Por meio da análise sanguínea mensuraram-se: os níveis de creatinina, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, HDL, VLDL, LDL. Deste modo, foi observado que a suplementação não foi a principal responsável pelas modificações observadas nas medidas ao longo do estudo, já que apenas o efeito do tempo foi significativo em três medidas: CREA (p= 0.001, ηp2= 0.50), HDL (p= 0.001, ηp2= 0.30), LDL (p= 0.009, ηp2= 0.20). Ou seja, a suplementação com creatina ou glutamina em policiais militares submetidos ao treinamento físico militar não causou efeito sobre as medidas bioquímicas.
description: Motricidade, Vol 12 No 1 (2016)
On Universal Prediction and Bayesian Confirmation
Creators: name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Bayesian framework is a well-studied and successful framework for inductive reasoning, which includes hypothesis testing and confirmation, parameter estimation, sequence prediction, classification, and regression. But standard statistical guidelines for choosing the model class and prior are not always available or fail, in particular in complex situations. Solomonoff completed the Bayesian framework by providing a rigorous, unique, formal, and universal choice for the model class and the prior. We discuss in breadth how and in which sense universal (non-i.i.d.) sequence prediction solves various (philosophical) problems of traditional Bayesian sequence prediction. We show that Solomonoff's model possesses many desirable properties: Strong total and weak instantaneous bounds, and in contrast to most classical continuous prior densities has no zero p(oste)rior problem, i.e. can confirm universal hypotheses, is reparametrization and regrouping invariant, and avoids the old-evidence and updating problem. It even performs well (actually better) in non-computable environments.
description: 24 pages
Additional file 1 of Seasons, weather, and device-measured movement behaviors: a scoping review from 2006 to 2020
Creators: name: Turrisi, Taylor B.
name: Bittel, Kelsey M.
name: West, Ashley B.
name: Hojjatinia, Sarah
name: Hojjatinia, Sahar
name: Scherezade K. Mama
name: Lagoa, Constantino M.
name: Conroy, David E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Representação dos alunos e professora acerca do valor educativo do Modelo de Educação Desportiva numa unidade didática de Atletismo
Creators: name: Mesquita, Isabel
name: Pereira, José Augusto Rodrigues
name: Araújo, Rui
name: Farias, Cláudio
name: Rolim, Ramiro
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2016

description: Este estudo teve como propósito examinar as perceções de uma professora de Educação Física e dos seus alunos em relação ao valor educativo do Modelo de Educação Desportiva, no desenvolvimento da competência motora, da literacia desportiva e do entusiasmo. O estudo foi aplicado numa unidade de Atletismo tendo participado uma professora com 19 anos de experiência em ensino e uma turma com 19 alunos do 6.º ano de escolaridade. No final da unidade foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a todos os participantes. O clima envolvente das tarefas de aprendizagem e o contexto de ensino autêntico e significativo foram percebidas como determinantes no desenvolvimento dos alunos enquanto desportistas competentes, literatos e entusiastas. A competência adquirida foi percebida como resultado do tempo mais longo concedido à unidade em relação às unidades mais tradicionais, bem como da autonomia crescente dos alunos na realização das tarefas, fruto do equilíbrio gerado entre inclusão e competição, o qual também promoveu a literacia desportiva. O entusiasmo resultou da interdependência das dinâmicas de trabalho cooperativo, da festividade fomentada pelo modelo/inerente/ implícita ao modelo e do clima motivacional gerado, com impacto substantivo no compromisso dos alunos para com a prática. Finalmente, a implementação do Modelo de Educação Desportiva ofereceu à docente um espaço de reflexão e desenvolvimento profissional.
description: Motricidade, Vol 12 No 1 (2016)
Galaxy Morphological Classification Catalogue of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data with Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Cheng, Ting-Yun
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Aguena, M.
name: Allam, S.
name: Andrade-Oliveira, F.
name: Annis, J.
name: Bluck, A. F. L.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Choi, A.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Pereira, M. E. S.
name: De Vicente, J.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Drlica-Wagner, A.
name: Eckert, K.
name: Everett, S.
name: Evrard, A. E.
name: Ferrero, I.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gerdes, D. W.
name: Giannantonio, T.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Gschwend, J.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: Krause, E.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Maia, M. A. G.
name: March, M.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Morgan, R.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Pieres, A.
name: Malagón, A. A. Plazas
name: Roodman, A.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Serrano, S.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, M.
name: Soares-Santos, M.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: To, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this paper one of the largest galaxy morphological classification catalogues to date, including over 20 million of galaxies, using the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Monochromatic $i$-band DES images with linear, logarithmic, and gradient scales, matched with debiased visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo 1 (GZ1) catalogue, are used to train our CNN models. With a training set including bright galaxies ($16\le{i}<18$) at low redshift ($z<0.25$), we furthermore investigate the limit of the accuracy of our predictions applied to galaxies at fainter magnitude and at higher redshifts. Our final catalogue covers magnitudes $16\le{i}<21$, and redshifts $z<1.0$, and provides predicted probabilities to two galaxy types -- Ellipticals and Spirals (disk galaxies). Our CNN classifications reveal an accuracy of over 99\% for bright galaxies when comparing with the GZ1 classifications ($i<18$). For fainter galaxies, the visual classification carried out by three of the co-authors shows that the CNN classifier correctly categorises disky galaxies with rounder and blurred features, which humans often incorrectly visually classify as Ellipticals. As a part of the validation, we carry out one of the largest examination of non-parametric methods, including $\sim$100,000 galaxies with the same coverage of magnitude and redshift as the training set from our catalogue. We find that the Gini coefficient is the best single parameter discriminator between Ellipticals and Spirals for this data set.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Bounded multiplicity theorems for induction and restriction
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22E4, Secondary 22E45, 53D50, 58J42, 53C50

description: We prove a geometric criterion for the bounded multiplicity property of "small" infinite-dimensional representations of real reductive Lie groupsin both induction and restrictions. Applying the criterion to symmetric pairs, we give a full description of the triples $H \subset G \supset G'$ such that any irreducible admissible representations of $G$ with $H$-distinguished vectors have the bounded multiplicity property when restricted to the subgroup $G'$. This article also completes the proof of the general results announced in the previous paper [Adv. Math. 2021, Section 7].
description: To appear in Journal of Lie Theory
The Variable Stars of the Draco Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy - Revisited
Creators: name: Kinemuchi, K.
name: Harris, H. C.
name: Smith, Horace A.
name: Silbermann, N. A.
name: Snyder, L. A.
name: LaCluyze, A. P.
name: Clark, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a CCD survey of variable stars in the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy. This survey, which has the largest areal coverage since the original variable star survey by Baade & Swope, includes photometry for 270 RR Lyrae stars, 9 anomalous Cepheids, 2 eclipsing binaries, and 12 slow, irregular red variables, as well as 30 background QSOs. Twenty-six probable double-mode RR Lyrae stars were identified. Observed parameters, including mean V and I magnitudes, V amplitudes, and periods, have been derived. Photometric metallicities of the ab-type RR Lyrae stars were calculated according to the method of Jurcsik & Kovacs, yielding a mean metallicity of = -2.19 +/- 0.03. The well known Oosterhoff intermediate nature of the RR Lyrae stars in Draco is reconfirmed, although the double-mode RR Lyrae stars with one exception have properties similar to those found in Oosterhoff type II globular clusters. The period-luminosity relation of the anomalous Cepheids is rediscussed with the addition of the new Draco anomalous Cepheids.
description: Accepted to AJ. 61 pages, 14 figures, 10 tables
title: dlvhex-sparql: A SPARQL-compliant query engine based on dlvhex
Creators: name: Polleres, Axel
Publisher: name: CEUR
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Query languages (IComaputer science)
subject: Semantic Web

description: This paper describes the dlvhex SPARQL plugin, a query processor for the upcoming Semantic Web query language standard by W3C. We report on the implementation of this languages using dlvhex, a flexible plugin system on top of the DLV solver. This work advances our earlier translation based on the semantics by Perez et al. towards an engine which is fully compliant to the official SPARQL specification. As it turns out, the differences between these two definitions of SPARQL, which might seem moderate at first glance, need some extra machinery. We also briefly report the status of implementation, and extensions currently being implemented, such as handling of aggregates, nested CONSTRUCT queries in the spirit of networked RDF graphs, or partially support of RDFS entailment. For such extensions a tight integration of SPARQL query processing and Answer-Set Programming, the underlying logic programming formalism of our engine, turns out to be particularly useful, as the resulting programs can actually involve unstratified negation.
Galactic and stellar perturbations of long period comet motion -- Practical considerations
Creators: name: Dybczyński, Piotr A.
name: Breiter, Sławomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Due to our increasing knowledge on the Galactic and stellar neighborhood of the Solar System, modern long-period comet motion studies have to take into account both stellar perturbations and the overall Galactic potential. Aims. Our aim is to propose algorithms and methods to perform numerical integration of a Solar System small body equations of motion much faster and at the same time with greater precision. Methods. We propose a new formulation of the equations of motion formulated in the Solar System barycentric frame but accurately accounting for the differential perturbations caused by the Galactic potential. To use these equations effectively we provide numerical ephemerides of the Galactic positions of the Sun and a set of potential stellar perturbers. Results. The proposed methods offer the precision higher by several orders of magnitude and simultaneously greatly reduce the necessary CPU time. The application of this approach is presented with the example of a detailed dynamical study of the past motion of comet C/2015 XY1.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, version accepted for A&A
Heart rate variability and surface electromyography of trained cyclists at different cadences
Creators: name: Saraiva, Bruno
name: Silva, Ester
name: Simões, Rodrigo Polaquini
name: Garcia, Ana Paula Urdiales
name: Menegon, Fabrício Augusto
name: Sakabe, Daniel Iwai
name: Ortolan, Rodrigo Lício
name: Martins, Luiz Eduardo Barreto
name: Oliveira, Lucien
name: Catai, Aparecida Maria
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2016

description: The heart rate variability (HRV) and surface electromyography (sEMG) are important tools in the evaluation of cardiac autonomic system and neuromuscular parameters, respectively. The aim of the study was to evaluate the behavior of HRV and sEMG of the vastus lateralis in two exercise protocols on a cycle ergometer at 60 and 80 rpm. Eight healthy men cyclists who have trained for at least two years were evaluated. Reduction was observed followed by stabilization of RMSSD and SDNN indices of HRV (p<0.05) along with increases in the amplitude of the sEMG signal (p<0.05) in both protocols. Significant correlations were observed between the responses of HRV and sEMG in the cadence of 60 rpm (RMSSD and sEMG: r = -0.42, p=0.03; SDNN and sEMG: r = -0.45, p=0.01) and 80 rpm (RMSSD and sEMG: r = -0.47, p=0.02; SDNN and sEMG: r = -0.49, p=0.01), yet no difference was observed for these variables between the two protocols. We concluded that the parasympathetic cardiac responses and sEMG are independent of cadences applied at the same power output.
description: Motricidade, Vol 12 No 1 (2016)
Two types of magnetic bubbles in MnNiGa observed via Lorentz microscopy
Creators: name: Nakajima, Hiroshi
name: Kotani, Atsuhiro
name: Harada, Ken
name: Mori, Shigeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic bubbles are remarkable spin structures that developed in uniaxial magnets with strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Several contradictory reports have been published concerning the magnetic bubble structure in a metallic magnet MnNiGa: Biskyrmions or type-II bubbles. Lorentz microscopy in polycrystalline MnNiGa was used to explain the magnetic bubble structure. Depending on the connection between the magnetic easy axis and the observation plane, two types of magnetic bubbles were formed. Magnetic bubbles with 180° domains were formed if the easy axis was away from the direction perpendicular to the observation plane. The contrast of biskyrmion is reproduced by this form of a magnetic bubble. When the easy axis was approximately perpendicular to the observing plane, type-II bubbles were observed in the same specimen. The findings will fill a knowledge gap between prior reports on magnetic bubbles in MnNiGa.
Semiclassical theory of the Ehrenfest-time dependence of quantum transport
Creators: name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ballistic conductors, there is a low-time threshold for the appearance of quantum effects in transport coefficients. This low-time threshold is the Ehrenfest time. Most previous studies of the Ehrenfest-time dependence of quantum transport assumed ergodic electron dynamics, so that they could be applied to ballistic quantum dots only. In this article we present a theory of the Ehrenfest-time dependence of three signatures of quantum transport - the Fano factor for the shot noise power, the weak localization correction to the conductance, and the conductance fluctuations - for arbitrary ballistic conductors.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
The success of limited learners in attaining general science concepts through programmed instruction
Creators: name: Dow, Michael Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the use of a programmed instruction booklet, as the basic instructional material, could be considered as more appropriate for limited learners than traditional teaching methods. An attempt was made to measure the success that limited learners have in attaining general science concepts through programmed instruction. The study collected evidence to show if there was any significant difference between normal learners and limited learners in academic science achievement (as measured by pre-test and post-test results), when taught using this methodology. The investigation provided evidence to support increased development and use of programmed materials for modified and regular science classrooms. To assess the achievement in general science concepts, an author-developed examination was implemented as a pre-test and later as a post-test following the experimental treatment. The mean scores in achievement were calculated for distinct groups thus enabling a comparison of gains in achievement. A non-equivalent control group with a fixed effects factorial design was used in the investigation. The fixed effects analysis of covariance, using the pre-test as the covariate, permitted the separate analysis of learning ability, methods of instruction and a two-way interaction between these variables. The analysis of covariance produced significant differences for the two main effects. In terms of learning ability normal learners achieved higher than limited learners and the difference was significant at the 0.05 level. For the methods of instruction, students using programmed instruction scored significantly higher than those students taught with the traditional approach. Since there was a significant difference for programmed instruction and no interaction between learning ability and instruction mode, it follows that programmed instruction was better for both groups of students. The results of the study are that both limited and normal learners were more successful, in terms of acquisition of science knowledge, with programmed instruction than with traditional teaching in terms of post-test mean achievement scores.
First extragalactic measurement of the turbulence driving parameter: ALMA observations of the star-forming region N159E in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Sharda, Piyush
name: Menon, Shyam H.
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Beattie, James R.
name: Jameson, Katherine E.
name: Tokuda, Kazuki
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Law, Charles J.
name: Seta, Amit
name: Gaetz, Terrance J.
name: Pingel, Nickolas M.
name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Sano, Hidetoshi
name: Fukui, Yasuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the driving modes of turbulence is important for characterizing the impact of turbulence in various astrophysical environments. The driving mode of turbulence is parameterized by $b$, which relates the width of the gas density PDF to the turbulent Mach number; $b\approx 1/3$, $1$, and $0.4$ correspond to driving that is solenoidal, compressive, and a natural mixture of the two, respectively. In this work, we use high-resolution (sub-pc) ALMA $^{12}$CO ($J$ = $2-1$), $^{13}$CO ($J$ = $2-1$), and C$^{18}$O ($J$ = $2-1$) observations of filamentary molecular clouds in the star-forming region N159E (the Papillon Nebula) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to provide the first measurement of turbulence driving parameter in an extragalactic region. We use a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) analysis of the CO isotopologues to construct a gas density PDF, which we find to be largely log-normal in shape with some intermittent features indicating deviations from lognormality. We find that the width of the log-normal part of the density PDF is comparable to the supersonic turbulent Mach number, resulting in $b \approx 0.9$. This implies that the driving mode of turbulence in N159E is primarily compressive. We speculate that the compressive turbulence could have been powered by gravo-turbulent fragmentation of the molecular gas, or due to compression powered by H I flows that led to the development of the molecular filaments observed by ALMA in the region. Our analysis can be easily applied to study the nature of turbulence driving in resolved star-forming regions in the local as well as the high-redshift Universe.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. MNRAS in press
Enhanced spontaneous emission in a photonic crystal light-emitting diode
Creators: name: Francardi, M.
name: Balet, L.
name: Gerardino, A.
name: Chauvin, N.
name: Bitauld, D.
name: Li, L. H.
name: Alloing, B.
name: Fiore, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report direct evidence of enhanced spontaneous emission in a photonic crystal (PhC) light-emitting diode. The device consists of p-i-n heterojunction embedded in a suspended membrane, comprising a layer of self-assembled quantum dots. Current is injected laterally from the periphery to the center of the PhC. A well-isolated emission peak at 1300nm from the PhC cavity mode is observed, and the enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate is clearly evidenced by time-resolved electroluminescence measurements, showing that our diode switches off in a time shorter than the bulk radiative and nonradiative lifetimes
description: 10 pages
Imagem corporal em mulheres adultas vs. meia-idade e idosas praticantes e não praticantes de hidroginástica
Creators: name: Souto, Simone Valéria Dias
name: Novaes, Jefferson Da Silva
name: Monteiro, Maria Dolores
name: Neto, Gabriel Rodrigues
name: Mourão Carvalhal, Maria Isabel
name: Coelho, Eduarda
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2016

description: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a imagem corporal de mulheres adultas vs. meia-idade e idosas praticantes e não praticantes de hidroginástica. A amostra foi constituída por 300 mulheres brasileiras com idades compreendidas entre 20 e 83 anos (48.96 ± 15.41), divididas em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 = 75 mulheres adultas não praticantes com idades entre 20 e 49 anos; Grupo 2 = 75 mulheres de meia-idade e idosas não praticantes com idades entre 50 e 82 anos; Grupo 3 = 75 mulheres de meia-idade e idosas praticantes com idade entre 50 e 83 anos e Grupo 4 = 75 mulheres adultas praticantes com idade entre 20 e 49 anos. O instrumento utilizado para determinar à imagem corporal actual e desejada foi a Escala de Desenhos de Silhuetas descrita por Stunkard. Os resultados demonstram que não houve diferenças significativas com a insatisfação da imagem corporal entre os grupos de mulheres adultas vs. meia-idade e idosas vs. praticantes vs. não praticantes (p>0.05). Entretanto, houve diferenças significativas entre a insatisfação com a imagem corporal actual vs. ideal para todos os grupos do estudo (p<0.05). Conclui-se que a idade e a prática da hidroginástica não são factores determinantes na percepção que as mulheres têm da imagem corporal.
description: Motricidade, Vol 12 No 1 (2016)
Interdisciplinary development of a support structure for components in building H0705A - A challenge for systematic requirements engineering
Creators: name: Will, C.
name: Hagenbuck, F.
name: Heyl, L.
name: Mühle, C.
name: Krämer, A.
name: Dorn, C.
name: Walasek-Höhne, B.
name: Bevcic, M.
name: Pschorn, I.
name: Reich-Sprenger, H.
name: Welker, H.
name: Fuchs, R.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Possible theoretical limits on holographic quintessence from weak gravity conjecture
Creators: name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic dark energy model is one of the important ways for dealing with the dark energy problems in the quantum gravity framework. In this model, the dimensionless parameter $c$ plays an essential role in determining the evolution of the holographic dark energy. In particular, the holographic dark energy with $c\geq 1$ can be effectively described by a quintessence scalar-field. However, according to the requirement of the weak gravity conjecture the variation of the quintessence scalar-field should be less than the Planck mass, which would give theoretic constraints on the parameters $c$ and $Ω_{\mathrm{m0}}$. Therefore, we get the possible theoretical limits on the parameter $c$ for the holographic quintessence model.
description: LaTex, 13 pages and 4 figures, revised version
title: The role of negative results for choosing an evaluation approach - a recommender systems case study
Creators: name: Heitmann, Benjamin
name: Hayes, Conor
Publisher: name: CEUR Workshop Proceedings
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Negative results
subject: Recommender systems

description: We describe a case study, which shows how important negative results are in uncovering biased evaluation methodologies. Our re- search question is how to compare a recommender algorithm that uses an RDF graph to a recommendation algorithm that uses rating data. Our case study uses DBpedia 3.8 and the MovieLens 100k data set. We show that the most popular evaluation protocol in the recommender sys- tems literature is biased towards evaluating collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms, as it uses the rating prediction task. Based on the negative results of this first experiment, we find an alternative evaluation task, the top-k recommendation task. While this task is harder to perform, our positive results show that it is a much better fit, which is not biased to- wards either CF or our graph-based algorithm. The second set of results are statistically significant (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p
Forcing nonperiodic tilings with one tile using a seed
Creators: name: Klaassen, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52Cxx

description: The so-called "einstein problem" (a pun playing with the famous scientist's name and the German term "ein Stein" for "one stone") asks for a simply connected prototile only allowing nonperiodic tilings without need of any matching rule. So far, researchers come only close to this demand by defining decorated prototiles forcing nonperiodicity of any generated tiling using matching rules. In this paper a class of spiral tilings (and one non-spiral example) is linked to a weaker form of the einstein problem where one or several seed tiles are used. Furthermore, the classical types of matching rules are listed and some new types are discussed.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, to appear in: European Journal of Combinatorics 2021
Identification of the TW Hya Association member 2M1235$-$39: a tertiary component of the HR 4796 system
Creators: name: Kastner, Joel H.
name: Zuckerman, B.
name: Bessell, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The association of the late-type star 2MASS J12354893-3950245 (2M1235-39) with a bright X-ray source detected serendipitously by ROSAT and XMM-Newton, combined with its proximity to the well-studied (A+M binary) system HR 4796, suggests this star is a member of the TW Hya Association (TWA). To test this hypothesis, we used optical spectroscopy to establish the Li and H-alpha line strengths and spectral type of 2M1235-39, and determined its proper motion via optical imaging. The Li absorption and H-alpha emission line strengths of 2M1235-39, its near-IR and X-ray fluxes, and its proper motion all indicate that 2M1235-39 is a TWA member. Most likely this star is a wide (13,500 AU) separation, low-mass (M4.5), tertiary component of the HR 4796 system.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure; accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Application of Calorimetric Low Temperature Detectors (CLTD's) for Precise Stopping Power Measurements of Heavy Ions in Matter
Creators: name: Echler, A.
name: Egelhof, P.
name: Grabitz, P.
name: Kettunen, H.
name: Kraft-Bermuth, S.
name: Laitinen, M.
name: Müller, K.
name: Rossi, M.
name: Trzaska, W. H.
name: Virtanen, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Lagrangian and Eulerian accelerations in turbulent stratified shear flows
Creators: name: Jacobitz, Frank G.
name: Schneider, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F10, 76F45, 76F65

description: The Lagrangian (LA) and Eulerian Acceleration (EA) properties of fluid particles in homogeneous turbulence with uniform shear and uniform stable stratification are studied using direct numerical simulations. The Richardson number is varied from $Ri=0$, corresponding to unstratified shear flow, to $Ri=1$, corresponding to strongly stratified shear flow. The probability density functions (pdfs) of both LA and EA have a stretched-exponential shape and they show a strong and similar influence on the Richardson number. The extreme values of the EA are stronger than those observed for the LA. Geometrical statistics explain that the magnitude of the EA is larger than its Lagrangian counterpart due to the mutual cancellation of the Eulerian and convective acceleration, as both vectors statistically show an anti-parallel preference. A wavelet-based scale-dependent decomposition of the LA and EA is performed. The tails of the acceleration pdfs grow heavier for smaller scales of turbulent motion. Hence the flatness increases with decreasing scale, indicating stronger intermittency at smaller scales. The joint pdfs of the LA and EA indicate a trend to stronger correlations with increasing Richardson number and at larger scales of the turbulent motion. A consideration of the terms in the Navier--Stokes equation shows that the LA is mainly determined by the pressure-gradient term, while the EA is dominated by the nonlinear convection term.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures, 8 tables
High Aspect Ratio Nanotubes fabricated by Ion-Track Technology and Atomic Layer Deposition
Creators: name: Spende, A.
name: Alber, I.
name: Sobel, N.
name: Hess, C.
name: Lukas, M.
name: Stühn, B.
name: Zierold, R.
name: Montero Moreno, J. M.
name: Nielsch, K.
name: Trautmann, C.
name: Toimil Molares, M. E.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Additional file 1 of New onset diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events in Korean patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving high-intensity statins
Creators: name: Jah Yeon Choi
name: Choi, Cheol Ung
name: Choi, Byoung Geol
name: Yoonjee Park
name: Kang, Dong Oh
name: Jang, Won Young
name: Woohyeun Kim
name: Na, Jin Oh
name: Kim, Jin Won
name: Kim, Eung Ju
name: Seung-Woon Rha
name: Park, Chang Gyu
name: Seo, Hong Seog
name: Jeong, Myung Ho
name: Sung-Chull Chae
name: In-Whan Seong
name: Yoon, Chang-Hwan
name: Cha, Kwang Soo
name: Oh, Seok Kyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.