cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric Properties of Stationary and Axisymmetric Killing Horizons
Creators: name: Shoom, Andrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some geometric properties of Killing horizons in 4-dimensional stationary and axisymmetric space-times with electromagnetic field and cosmological constant. Using a $(1+1+2)$ space-time split, we construct relations between the space-time Riemann tensor components and components of the Riemann tensor corresponding to the horizon surface. The Einstein equations allow to derive the space-time scalar curvature invariants, Kretschmann, Chern-Pontryagin, and Euler, on the 2-dimensional spacelike horizon surface. The derived relations generalize the relations known for Killing horizons of static and axisymmetric 4-dimensional space-times. We also present the generalization of Hartle's curvature formula.
description: 8 pages
Supplementary Results for ‘The migration of drainage divides and its implications for climate and biodiversity’
Creators: name: He, Chuanqi
name: Braun, Jean
name: Tang, Hui
name: Yuan, Xiaoping
name: Acevedo-Trejos, Esteban
name: Stucky de Quay, Gaia
name: Ott, Richard F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Planetary geology
Structural geology and tectonics
Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Geology not elsewhere classified

description: The files go with the manuscript of He et al. The migration of drainage divides and its implications for climate and biodiversity.
Quantum chaos in a weakly-coupled field theory with nonlocality
Creators: name: Fischler, Willy
name: Guglielmo, Tyler
name: Nguyen, Phuc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the chaotic behavior of a system with non-local interactions, we will consider weakly coupled non-commutative field theories. We compute the Lyapunov exponent of this exponential growth in the large Moyal-scale limit to leading order in the t'Hooft coupling and $1/N$. We found that in this limit, the Lyapunov exponent remains comparable in magnitude to (and somewhat smaller than) the exponent in the commutative case. This can possibly be explained by the infrared sensitivity of the Lyapunov exponent. Another possible explanation is that in examples of weakly coupled non-commutative field theories, non-local contributions to various thermodynamic quantities are sub-dominant.
description: 24 Pages, 6 Figures
تعیین بازدهی تولید برخی ارقام لگوم های علوفه ای در استان های لرستان و مازندران
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: با توجه به ضرورت تولید علوفه برای تغذیه دام و طیور در کشور، بررسی سودآوری ارقام لگوم­های علوفه­ای به منظور دستیابی به اقتصادی­ترین رقم و گیاه \nعلوفه­ای در مناطق احساس می­گردد. در همین راستا، اهداف پژوهش حاضر تعیین بازدهی تولید برخی ارقام لگوم­های علوفه­ای بوده که به صورت طرح آزمایشی بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزارع تحقیقاتی استان­های مازندران و لرستان در سال­های 1397 و 1398 انجام شد. در این پژوهش لگوم­های علوفه­ای شامل چهار رقم باقلا، سه رقم ماشک، دو رقم نخود علوفه­ای و یک رقم خلر بود. جهت تعیین سودآوری از روش بودجه­بندی جزیی و شاخص های درآمد ناخالص، درآمدخالص، نسبت فایده به هزینه و درصد بازده فروش) در تولید محصولات، استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، در محل اجرای استان مازندران، میانگین درآمد خالص علوفه ی تر باقلا رقم شادان در سال­های آزمایش 5/295 میلیون ریال در هکتار، نسبت فایده هزینه 7/18 و بازده فروش محصول 7/94 درصد و در محل اجرای لرستان، میانگین درآمد خالص تولید علوفه  تر نخود علوفه­ای رقم داخلی در سال­های آزمایش 9/277 میلیون ریال در هکتار، نسبت فایده هزینه 2/10 و بازده فروش محصول 90 درصد محاسبه شد، که نسبت به سایر محصولات بیشتر محاسبه شد. بنابراین، در مناطق اجرای مازندران و لرستان به­ترتیب علوفه­ تر باقلا رقم شادان و نخود علوفه­ای رقم داخلی به عنوان محصولات اقتصادی برای کشت توصیه شد
On Banach spaces with the approximate hyperplane series property
Creators: name: Choi, Yun Sung
name: Kim, Sun Kwang
name: Lee, Han Ju
name: Martín, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46B20, Secondary 46B04, 46B22

description: We present a sufficient condition for a Banach space to have the approximate hyperplane series property (AHSP) which actually covers all known examples. We use this property to get a stability result to vector-valued spaces of integrable functions. On the other hand, the study of a possible Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás version of a classical result of V. Zizler leads to a new characterization of the AHSP for dual spaces in terms of $w^*$-continuous operators and other related results.
description: 12 pages
اثر بستر بذر دروغین و کاربرد کود آلی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و علف های هرز نخود دیم
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: به منظور بررسی اثر بستر کاشت و تأثیر کودهای آلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه نخود و علف های هرز، آزمایشی به  صورت کرت های خرد شده درقالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی چرداول در سال 97-1396 اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل بستر کاشت رایج منطقه و بستر کشت دروغین به  عنوان کرت های اصلی و تغذیه گیاه نخود در چهار سطح (عدم مصرف کود، کاربرد کود حیوانی، کود هوموس و کود کمپوست هر یک به میزان 10 تن در هکتار) به  عنوان کرت های فرعی بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد اثر تیمار نوع بستر کشت بر صفات عملکرد کل و دانه، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته و ارتفاع گیاه معنی دار بود. همچنین نوع کود آلی مصرفی بر صفات عملکرد کل و دانه، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن دانه و ارتفاع بوته اثر معنی دار داشت. برهمکنش بستر بذر و نوع کود آلی مصرفی بر عملکرد کل در سطح 5% و بر تعداد غلاف در بوته نخود در سطح 1% معنی دار بود. بیشترین تعداد دانه در غلاف، بیشترین وزن دانه و بالاترین عملکرد دانه نخود به ترتیب با 1 دانه در غلاف، 36 گرم و 720 کیلوگرم در هکتار در تیمار کاربرد کود کمپوست حاصل شد. تراکم کل علف هرز در مزرعه نخود دیم در شرایط بستر کشت دروغین تا 10%کمتر بود. بستر کشت دروغین به خوبی قادر به کنترل علف­های هرز مزرعه نخود دیم بوده و بهترین کود آلی در شرایط دیم از لحاظ مدیریت علف هرز و بهبود عملکرد نخود، کود کمپوست بود
Examining the efficacy of applying mindfulness-based intervention for school teenagers by Wan Chau.pdf
Creators: name: Chau, Wan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Counselling psychology

description: Have you ever thought of being your own master of emotion? Mindfulness-based interventions have been growing commonly as education options in schools and treatment options in the field of mental health. Suicide is significantly reaching epidemic proportions. Evidence-based interventions and systematic review of suicide prevention are screened to implement in clinical settings. Ongoing risk assessments and interventions are required to carry out periodically with a plan of monitoring. Teenagers to end life could be hard for the community to believe. Risk of suicide is on the radar of anyone interacting with teens. The rate of suicide of teens has increased over the last decade. Causes of suicide could be varied such as persisting stress in different perspectives, continuing family conflicts, and experiencing mental disorders. Warning signs from teens are important. A conversation to start with is a good approach. Avoiding the topic of suicide may be pessimistic way to deal with teens who have suicide intentions. For long-term, suicide prevention should be in place.
Device Perspective for Black Phosphorus Field-Effect Transistors: Contact Resistance, Ambipolar and Scaling
Creators: name: Du, Yuchen
name: Liu, Han
name: Deng, Yexin
name: Ye, Peide D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although monolayer black phosphorus (BP) or phosphorene has been successfully exfoliated and its optical properties have been explored, most of electrical performance of the devices is demonstrated on few-layer phosphorene and ultra-thin BP films. In this paper, we study the channel length scaling of ultra-thin BP field-effect transistors (FETs), and discuss a scheme for using various contact metals to change transistor characteristics. Through studying transistor behaviors with various channel lengths, the contact resistance can be extracted from the transfer length method (TLM). With different contact metals, we find out that the metal/BP interface has different Schottky barrier heights, leading to a significant difference in contact resistance, which is quite different from previous studies of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoS2 where Fermi-level is strongly pinned near conduction band edge at metal/MoS2 interface. The nature of BP transistors are Schottky barrier FETs, where the on and off states are controlled by tuning the Schottky barriers at the two contacts. We also observe the ambipolar characteristics of BP transistors with enhanced n-type drain current and demonstrate that the p-type carriers can be easily shifted to n-type or vice versus by controlling the gate bias and drain bias, showing the potential to realize BP CMOS logic circuits.
description: Published in ACS Nano
ارزیابی سرعت و مدت پر شدن دانه در ارقام گندم تحت رژیم های مختلف آبیاری تکمیلی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: فرآیند پرشدن دانه تحت تأثیر دو عامل مهم سرعت و طول دوره­ی پرشدن دانه قرار دارد. سرعت پرشدن دانه صفتی است که می­تواند در انتخاب ژنوتیپ­ها در شرایط تنش خشکی طی برنامه­های اصلاحی استفاده شود؛ هرچند گزینش به این روش دشوار خواهد بود. این آزمایش با هدف ارزیابی سرعت و مدت پرشدن دانه تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری تکمیلی در ارقام گندم، به صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آبیاری در 3 سطح: بدون آبیاری (دیم)، آبیاری در مرحله سنبله­دهی و آبیاری در مراحل سنبله­دهی + اوایل دانه­بندی در کرت­های اصلی و تیمار رقم شامل پنج رقم گندم به­ نام­های آذر2، ریژاو، سرداری، سیروان و هما در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد تیمار دو بار آبیاری تکمیلی در مراحل سنبله دهی و دانه بندی با میانگین 4/1 میلی­گرم در روز، بیشترین و تیمار بدون آبیاری با میانگین 9/0 میلی گرم در روز، کمترین سرعت تجمع ماده خشک در دانه را داشتند. همچنین رقم هما با میانگین 3/1 میلی­گرم در روز، بیشترین و رقم ریژاو نیز با میانگین 01/1 میلی­گرم در روز کمترین متوسط سرعت پرشدن دانه را داشتند. تیمار دو بار آبیاری با میانگین 6/34 روز دارای دوره موثر پرشدن دانه بیشتری نسبت به سایر سطوح آبیاری بود. تیمار بدون آبیاری نیز با میانگین 30 روز دارای کمترین دوره موثر پرشدن دانه بود. به طور کلی آبیاری تکمیلی در مزارع گندم دیم به واسطه افزایش طول دوره پرشدن دانه و همچنین افزایش سرعت پر شدن دانه می­تواند سبب افزایش عملکرد و پایداری تولید گردد
Solvent-induced collapse of α-synuclein and acid-denatured cytochrome c
Creators: name: Pielak, Gary J.
name: Morar, Artemiza S.
name: Olteanu, Alina
name: Young, Gregory B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The effects of solution conditions on protein collapse were studied by measuring the hydrodynamic radii of two unfolded proteins, α-synuclein and acid-denatured ferricytochrome c, in dilute solution and in 1 M glucose. The radius of α-synuclein in dilute solution is less than that predicted for a highly denatured state, and adding 1 M glucose causes further collapse. Circular dichroic data show that α-synuclein lacks organized structure in both dilute solution and 1 M glucose. On the other hand, the radius of acid-denatured cytochrome c in dilute solution is consistent with that of a highly denatured state, and 1 M glucose induces collapse to the size and structure of native cytochrome c. Taken together, these data show that α-synuclein, a natively unfolded protein, is collapsed even in dilute solution, but lacks structure.
X-ray phase-sensitive microscope imaging with a grating interferometer: theory and simulation
Creators: name: Yang, Jiecheng
name: Ge, Yongshuai
name: Liang, Dong
name: Zheng, Hairong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a general theoretical framework is presented to explain the formation of the phase signal in an X-ray microscope integrated with a grating interferometer, which simultaneously enables the high spatial resolution imaging and the improved image contrast. Using this theory, several key parameters of phase contrast imaging can be predicted, for instance, the fringe visibility and period, the conversion condition from the differential phase imaging (DPI) to the phase difference imaging (PDI). Additionally, numerical simulations are performed with certain X-ray optical components and imaging geometry. Results demonstrate the accuracy of this developed quantitative analysis method of X-ray phase-sensitive microscope imaging.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The effect of utilizing STEM BCG as project-based learning in solving local problems on Grade-6 students to increase learning achievement and problem-solving abilityin science and technolog
Creators: name: Sathaphorn Ruengrung
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2023
Subjects: STEM BCG as Project-based Learning
Problem-solving Ability
Learning Achievement

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 6, 1, 150-160
Effects of molecular crowding by saccharides on α-chymotrypsin dimerization
Creators: name: Noble, Schroeder M.
name: Winzor, Donald J.
name: Patel, Chetan N.
name: Pielak, Gary J.
name: Weatherly, Gresham T.
name: Tripathy, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Given the importance of protein complexes as therapeutic targets, it is necessary to understand the physical chemistry of these interactions under the crowded conditions that exist in cells. We have used sedimentation equilibrium to quantify the enhancement of the reversible homodimerization of α-chymotrypsin by high concentrations of the osmolytes glucose, sucrose, and raffinose. In an attempt to rationalize the osmolyte-mediated stabilization of the α-chymotrypsin homodimer, we have used models based on binding interactions (transfer-free energy analysis) and steric interactions (excluded volume theory) to predict the stabilization. Although transfer-free energy analysis predicts reasonably well the relatively small stabilization observed for complex formation between cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase, as well as that between bobtail quail lysozyme and a monoclonal Fab fragment, it underestimates the sugar-mediated stabilization of the α-chymotrypsin dimer. Although predictions based on excluded volume theory overestimate the stabilization, it would seem that a major determinant in the observed stabilization of the α-chymotrypsin homodimer is the thermodynamic nonideality arising from molecular crowding by the three small sugars.
Spin Entropy
Creators: name: Geiger, Davi
name: Kedem, Zvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical physics, entropy quantifies the randomness of large systems, where the complete specification of the state, though possible in theory, is not possible in practice. In quantum physics, despite its inherently probabilistic nature, the concept of entropy has been elusive. The von Neumann entropy, currently adopted in quantum information and computing, models only the randomness associated with unknown specifications of a state and is zero for pure quantum states, and thus cannot quantify the inherent randomness of its observables. Our goal is to provide such quantification. This paper focuses on the quantification of the observed spin values associated with a pure quantum state, given an axis $z$. To this end, we define a spin entropy, which is not zero for pure states, and its minimum is $\ln 2π$, reflecting the uncertainty principle for the spin observables. We study the spin entropy for single massive particles with spin $1/2$ and spin 1, photons, and two fermions in entangled and disentangled states. The spin entropy attains local minima for Bell states, which are pure entangled states of two fermions, and local maxima for disentangled states. The spin entropy may be useful for developing robust quantum computational processes.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. This version adopts the geometric quantization method to evaluate the spin entropy. It also extends some applications of the method
Stacking Analysis of 12CO and 13CO Spectra of NGC3627: Existence of non-optically thick 12CO emission?
Creators: name: Morokuma-Matsui, Kana
name: Sorai, Kazuo
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Kuno, Nario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We stacked 12CO and 13CO spectra of NGC 3627 after redefining the velocity axis of each spectrum of the mapping data so that the zero corresponds to the local mean velocity of 12CO spectra. The signal-to-noise ratios of the resulting spectra are improved by a factor of up to 3.2 compared to those obtained with normal stacking analysis. We successfully detect a weak 13CO emission from the interarm region where the emission was not detected in the individual pointings. We compare the integrated intensity ratios I12 CO/I13 CO among six characteristic regions (center, bar, bar-end, offset, arm, and interarm). We find that I12CO/I13CO in the bar and interarm are higher than those in the other regions by a factor of ~2 and I12CO/I13CO in the center is moderately high. These high I12CO/I13CO ratios in the bar and center are attributed to a high intensity ratio (T12CO/T13CO) and one in the interarm is attributed to a high ratio of the full width at half maximum of spectra (FWHM12CO/FWHM13CO). The difference between FWHM12CO and FWHM13CO of the interarm indicates the existence of two components, one with a narrow line width (~FWHM13CO) and the other with a broad line width (~FWHM12CO). Additionally, the T12CO/T13CO ratio in the broad-line-width component of the interarm is higher than the other regions. The high T12CO/T13CO in the center and bar and of the broad-line-width component in the interarm suggest the existence of non-optically thick 12CO components. We find that more than half of the 12CO emissions of the interarm are likely to be radiated from the diffuse component. Our result suggests that the use of a universal CO-to-H2 conversion factor might lead to an overestimation of molecular gas mass and underestimation of star-formation efficiency in the interarm by a factor of a few.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Enzymatic conformational fluctuations along the reaction coordinate of cytidine deaminase
Creators: name: Bagdassarian, Carey K.
name: Carter, Charles W.
name: Noonan, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Analysis of the crystal structures for cytidine deaminase complexed with substrate analog 3-deazacytidine, transition-state analog zebularine 3,4-hydrate, and product uridine establishes significant changes in the magnitude of atomic-scale fluctuations along the (approximate) reaction coordinate of this enzyme. Differences in fluctuations between the substrate analog complex, transition-state analog complex, and product complex are monitored via changes in corresponding crystallographic temperature factors. Previously, we reported that active-site conformational disorder is substantially reduced in the transition-state complex relative to the two ground-state complexes. Here, this result is statistically corroborated by crystallographic data for fluorinated zebularine 3,4-hydrate, a second transition-state analog, and by multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression explains 70% of the total temperature factor variation through a predictive model for the average B-value of an amino acid as a function of the catalytic state of the enzyme (substrate, transition state, product) and five other physical and structural descriptors. Furthermore, correlations of atomic fluctuation magnitudes throughout the body of each complex are quantified through an auto-correlation function. The transition-state analog complex shows the greatest correlations between temperature factor magnitudes for spatially separated atoms, underscoring the strong ability of this reaction-coordinate species to "organize" enzymatic fluctuations. The catalytic significance for decreased atomic-scale motions in the transition state is discussed. A thermodynamic argument indicates that the significant decreases in local enzymatic conformational entropy at the transition state result in enhanced energetic stabilization there.
تاثیر محلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام نخود در شرایط دیم
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: به منظور بررسی اثر سالیسلیک اسید و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام نخود در شرایط دیم استان کرمانشاه، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1398 در مزرعه مرکز جهاد کشاورزی حمیل از توابع شهرستان اسلام آبادغرب اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح محلول پاشی سالیسلیک اسید قبل از گلدهی (بدون مصرف، نیم میلی مولار و یک میلی مولار) بعنوان سطوح اصلی و کود بیولوژیک در چهار سطح (شاهد، فسفات بارور 2، پتابارور2 و پتابارور2 + فسفات بارور 2) و چهار رقم نخود ( عادل، منصور، آزکان و گوکسو) در سطوح فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد سالیسلیک اسید و کودهای زیستی و اثر متقابل آنها تاثیر معنی داری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه داشتند. ارقام نیز به جز شاخص برداشت در کلیه صفات اختلاف معنی داری داشتند. اثر متقابل سه گانه سالیسلیک اسید، کودهای زیستی و رقم نیز صفات تعداد غلاف پوک، تعداد غلاف دو بذری، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت را تحت تاثیر قرار دادند. بالاترین عملکرد دانه (2499 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در رقم عادل با کاربرد اسیدسالیسیلیک یک میلی مولار و مصرف توام فسفات بارور۲ + پتابارور2 و کمترین عملکرد دانه (67/614 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در رقم گوکسو و اسید سالیسیلیک نیم میلی مولار و  عدم کاربرد کود زیستی بدست آمد که با حداکثر عملکرد دانه به دست آمده 75 درصد اختلاف داشت. بنابراین استفاده از سالیسلیک اسید و تلقیح بذور با کودهای زیستی موجب افزایش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گردید
تاثیرکودهای شیمیایی و دامی برعملکردکمی وکیفی توتون
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: به  منظور مطالـعه تأثیر کودهای شیمیایی و دامی بر عملکرد کمی و کـیفی توتون  رقم K326، آزمایشی در سال ‎زراعی 1395 در روستای تقر تپه (استان گلستان) در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 5 تیمار شامل: کود شیمیایی (100درصد)، کود دامی (در دو سطح 10 و 20 تن در هکتار)، تلفیق کودهای شیمیایی و دامی (10 تن کود دامی +50 درصد کود شیمیایی) و عدم کود دهی (بدون مصرف کود دامی و شیمیائی) در چهار تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در طول دوره رشد و قبل از برداشت، ارزیابی های لازم روی صفات طول برگ، عرض برگ، شاخص کلروفیل برگ (spad)، وزن تر برگ، وزن خشک برگ، درصد نیکوتین برگ، متوسط قیمت و درآمد ناخالص در هکتار به ‏عمل آمد. نتایج داده ها نشان داد که صفات مورد بررسی به جز شاخص کلروفیل، متوسط قیمت و درصد نیکوتین برگ در بقیه صفات مانند صفات طول و عرض برگ، وزن تر و خشک برگ و درآمد ناخالص در هکتار از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی دار داشتند. همچنین مقایسه میانگین ها نشان داد که بیشترین طول برگ (2/63 سانتی‏متر)، عرض برگ (5/32 سانتی‏متر)، وزن تر برگ (35851 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد برگ خشک (6343 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و درآمد ناخالص (508550072 ریال) از تیمار تلفیقی 10 تن کود دامی + 50 درصد کود شیمیایی به‏دست آمد. بنابراین، یافته های این پژوهش نشان داد که امکان کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی و دامی بدون کاهش معنی­دار عملکرد برگ توتون و عدم تخریب زیست محیط در نظام کشاورزی پایدار وجود دارد
Factorizing Wormholes in a Partially Disorder-Averaged SYK Model
Creators: name: Goto, Kanato
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Ugajin, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a "partially disorder-averaged" SYK model. This model has a real parameter that smoothly interpolates between the ordinary totally disorder-averaged SYK model and the totally fixed-coupling model. For the large $N$ effective description, in addition to the usual bi-local collective fields, we also introduce a new additional set of local collective fields. These local fields can be understood as "half" of the bi-local collective fields, and in the totally fixed-coupling limit, they represent the "half-wormholes" which were found in recent studies. We find that the large $N$ saddles of these local fields vanish in the total-disorder-averaged limit, while they develop nontrivial profiles as we gradually fix the coupling constants. We argue that the bulk picture of these local collective fields represents a correlation between a spacetime brane and the asymptotic AdS boundary. This illuminates how the half-wormhole saddles emerge in the SYK model with fixed couplings.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures
Boltzmann-type distribution of side-chain conformation in proteins
Creators: name: Butterfoss, Glenn L.
name: Hermans, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We analyze packing imperfections in globular proteins as reflected in deviations of torsion angles from the equilibrium values for the isolated side chains. The distribution of conformations of methionine and lysine residues in a database of high-resolution structures is compared with energies of model compounds calculated with high-level quantum-mechanics. The distribution of the C–C and C–S torsion angles (χ3) correlates well with the Boltzmann factor of the torsion energy, exp(−βE) of the model compounds C2H5—C2H5 and C2H5—S—CH3. An exponential relation was again found between the relative occurrence of g+, g− and t conformations for Cα—Cβ bonds in long side chains and the energy differences of rotamers of α-amino n-butyric acid, when dependence on backbone conformation was taken into account. The distribution of all 27 rotamers of methionine was correlated with the energy differences between the model’s rotamers, corrected for clashes with nearby residues, the correlation being good for a set with backbone in the β-conformation, but less clear for backbone α-conformation. In all correlations, the value of the coefficient β corresponds to a temperature of circa 300 K. These results can be interpreted with a model that considers the structure of a folded protein as resulting from packing imperfectly complementary parts, with a requirement of an overall low energy. Compromises are required to optimize the fit of nonbonded contacts with surrounding groups, and side chains assume conformations away from the energy minimum. An exponential distribution is a most probable distribution, and this can be established easily under conditions other than thermal equilibrium.
Beating no-go theorems by engineering defects in quantum spin models
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Debasis
name: Roy, Sudipto Singha
name: Rakshit, Debraj
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist diverse no-go theorems, ranging from no-cloning to monogamies of quantum correlations and Bell inequality violations, which restrict the processing of information in the quantum world. In a multipartite scenario, monogamy of Bell inequality violation and exclusion principle of dense coding are such theorems, which impede the ability of the system to have quantum advantage between all its parts. In ordered spin systems, the twin restrictions of translation invariance and monogamy of quantum correlations, in general, enforce the bipartite states to be neither Bell inequality violating nor dense-codeable. We show that these quantum characteristics, viz. Bell inequality violation and dense-codeability, can be resurrected, and thereby the no-go theorems overcome, by having quenched disorder in the system parameters leading to quantum spin glass or quantum random field models. We show that the quantum characteristics are regained even though the quenched averaging keeps the disordered spin chains translationally invariant at the physically relevant level of observables. The results show that it is possible to conquer constraints imposed by quantum mechanics in ordered systems by introducing impurities.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX 4.1
اثر عصاره آبی دود حاصل از سوختن گیاه بابونه کبیر بر شاخص های جوانه زنی و پس از جوانه زنی سه گونه گیاه دارویی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: دود حاصل از سوختن گیاه به عنوان یکی از مواد افزایش دهنده جوانه زنی بذر، شکننده خواب بذر وتحریک­کننده رشد گیاهچه شناخته شده است. در این تحقیق اثر عصاره آبی دود گیاه بابونه کبیر (Tanacetum parthenium) بر پارامترهای جوانه زنی و پس از جوانه زنی سه گیاه دارویی زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum)، خارمریم (Silybum marianum) و قدومه (Alyssum sp.) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. غلظت های مختلف عصاره آبی دود گیاه بابونه (1:500، 1:100، 1:10 و 1:0) به همراه شاهد آب مقطر در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو شرایط آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه­ای استفاده گردید. غلظت های مختلف عصاره آبی دود، اثر متفاوتی بر صفات جوانه زنی در سه گونه  گیاهی نشان دادند. غلظت 1:500 بیشترین تأثیر را بر اکثر صفات جوانه زنی در گیاه زیره سبز نشان داد. در گیاه خارمریم صفات طول ریشهچه، وزن­تر گیاهچه، درصد جوانهزنی، سرعت جوانهزنی و ضریب جوانهزنی با غلظت­های بالای عصاره آبی دود (1:10 و 1) میانگین بیشتری از خود نشان دادند در حالی که در گیاه قدومه غلظت های پایین عصاره آبی دود (1:500 و 1:100) نسبت به غلظت های بالا میانگین بیشتری برای اکثر صفات مورد بررسی نشان دادند. عصاره آبی دود گیاه بابونه تاثیر مثبت معنی­داری بر شاخصهای جوانه زنی و پس از جوانه زنی سه گونه دارویی مورد بررسی نشان داد و با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده می­توان این عصاره را برای بهبود صفات مربوط به جوانه زنی در گونه های دارویی دیگری که دارای مشکل جوانه زنی هستند،  آزمون کرد
Effect of Learning Activity Management Emphasized Heuristics Thinking Method with Open-Ended Questions on Mathematical Achievement and Reasoning Ability on Ratio and Percentage of Prathomsuksa 6 Students
Creators: name: Kanchanaporn Butsrimuang
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heuristics thinking method
Open-ended question
Mathematical reasoning ability
Ratio and percentage

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 6, 1, 161-170
Expression, solubilization, and biochemical characterization of the tight junction transmembrane protein claudin-4
Creators: name: Mitic, L. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The tight junction tetraspan protein claudin-4 creates a charge-selective pore in the paracellular pathway across epithelia. The structure of the pore is unknown, but is presumed to result from transcellular adhesive contacts between claudin’s extracellular loops. Here we report the expression of claudin-4 by baculovirus infection of Sf9 cells and describe the biochemical analysis suggesting it has a hexameric quaternary configuration. We show the detergent perfluoro-octanoic acid is able to maintain oligomeric claudin species. Sucrose velocity centrifugation and laser light scattering are also used to investigate the oligomeric state of claudin-4. In contrast to proteins of similar topology, such as gap junction family connexins, the oligomeric state of claudins appears more dynamic. These data suggest the structural organization of claudins in tight junction pores is unique.
Probing multi-particle unitarity with the Landau equations
Creators: name: Correia, Miguel
name: Sever, Amit
name: Zhiboedov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the $2\to 2$ scattering amplitude of identical massive particles. We identify the Landau curves in the multi-particle region $16m^2 \leq s, t < 36m^2$. We systematically generate and select the relevant graphs and numerically solve the associated Landau equations for the leading singularity. We find an infinite sequence of Landau curves that accumulates at finite $s$ and $t$ on the physical sheet. We expect that such accumulations are generic for $s,t > 16m^2$. Our analysis sheds new light on the complicated analytic structure of nonperturbative relativistic scattering amplitudes.
description: 9 pages + appendices, 28 figures
Molecular wave-packet dynamics on laser-controlled transition states
Creators: name: Fischer, Andreas
name: Gärttner, Martin
name: Cörlin, Philipp
name: Sperl, Alexander
name: Schönwald, Michael
name: Mizuno, Tomoya
name: Sansone, Giuseppe
name: Senftleben, Arne
name: Ullrich, Joachim
name: Feuerstein, Bernold
name: Pfeifer, Thomas
name: Moshammer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding and controlling the electronic as well as ro-vibrational motion and, thus, the entire chemical dynamics in molecules is the ultimate goal of ultrafast laser and imaging science. In photochemistry, laser-induced dissociation has become a valuable tool for modification and control of reaction pathways and kinetics. Here, we present a pump-probe study of the dissociation dynamics of H$_2^+$ using ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and near-infrared (IR) laser pulses. The reaction kinematics can be controlled by varying the pump-probe delay. We demonstrate that the nuclear motion through the transition state can be reduced to isolated pairs of initial vibrational states. The dynamics is well reproduced by intuitive semi-classical trajectories on a time-dependent potential curve. From this most fundamental scenario we gain insight in the underlying mechanisms which can be applied as design principles for molecular quantum control, particularly for ultrafast reactions involving protons.
description: 7 pages and 3 figures. Supplementary materials: 6 pages and 3 figures
Sequence dependence of β-hairpin structure: Comparison of a salt bridge and an aromatic interaction
Creators: name: Waters, Marcey L.
name: Kiehna, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: A comparison of the contributions and position dependence of cross-strand electrostatic and aromatic side-chain interactions to β-sheet stability has been performed by using nuclear magnetic resonance in a well-folded β-hairpin peptide of the general sequence XRTVXVdPGOXITQX. Phe–Phe and Glu–Lys pairs were varied at the internal and terminal non–hydrogen-bonded position, and the resulting stability was measured by the effects on α-hydrogen and aromatic hydrogen chemical shifts. It was determined that the introduction of a Phe–Phe pair resulted in a more folded peptide, regardless of position, and a more tightly folded core. Substitution of the Glu–Lys pair at the internal position results in a less folded peptide and increased fraying at the terminal residues. Upfield shifting of the aromatic hydrogens provided evidence for an edge-face aromatic interaction, regardless of position of the Phe–Phe pair. In peptides with two Phe–Phe pairs, substitution with Glu–Lys at either position resulted in a weakening of the aromatic interaction and a subsequent decrease in peptide stability. Thermal denaturation of the peptides containing Phe–Phe indicates that the aromatic interaction is enthalpically favored, whereas the folding of hairpins with cross-strand Glu–Lys pairs was less enthalpically favorable but entropically more favorable.
Replica symmetry breaking in dense neural networks
Creators: name: Albanese, Linda
name: Alemanno, Francesco
name: Alessandrelli, Andrea
name: Barra, Adriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the glassy nature of neural networks is pivotal both for theoretical and computational advances in Machine Learning and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence. Keeping the focus on dense associative Hebbian neural networks, the purpose of this paper is two-fold: at first we develop rigorous mathematical approaches to address properly a statistical mechanical picture of the phenomenon of {\em replica symmetry breaking} (RSB) in these networks, then -- deepening results stemmed via these routes -- we aim to inspect the {\em glassiness} that they hide. In particular, regarding the methodology, we provide two techniques: the former is an adaptation of the transport PDE to the case, while the latter is an extension of Guerra's interpolation breakthrough. Beyond coherence among the results, either in replica symmetric and in the one-step replica symmetry breaking level of description, we prove the Gardner's picture and we identify the maximal storage capacity by a ground-state analysis in the Baldi-Venkatesh high-storage regime. In the second part of the paper we investigate the glassy structure of these networks: in contrast with the replica symmetric scenario (RS), RSB actually stabilizes the spin-glass phase. We report huge differences w.r.t. the standard pairwise Hopfield limit: in particular, it is known that it is possible to express the free energy of the Hopfield neural network as a linear combination of the free energies of an hard spin glass (i.e. the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model) and a soft spin glass (the Gaussian or "spherical" model). This is no longer true when interactions are more than pairwise (whatever the level of description, RS or RSB): for dense networks solely the free energy of the hard spin glass survives, proving a huge diversity in the underlying glassiness of associative neural networks.
The geometry and efficacy of cation-π interactions in a diagonal position of a designed β-hairpin
Creators: name: Waters, Marcey L.
name: Tatko, Chad D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Cation–π interactions are common in proteins, but their contribution to the stability and specificity of protein structure has not been well established. In this study, we examined the impact of cation–π interactions in a diagonal position of a β-hairpin peptide through comparison of the interaction of Phe or Trp with Lys or Arg. The diagonal interactions ranged from −0.20 to −0.48 kcal/mole. Our experimental values for the diagonal cation–π interactions are similar to those found in α-helical studies. Upfield shifting of the Lys and Arg side chains indicates that the geometries of cation–π interactions adopted in the 12-residue β-hairpin are comparable to those found in protein structures. The Lys was found to interact through the polarized Cɛ, and the Arg is stacked against the aromatic ring of Phe or Trp. Folding of these peptides was found to be enthalpically favorable (ΔH° ∼ −3 kcal/mole) and entropically unfavorable (ΔS°∼ −8 cal mole−1 K−1).
title: Impacts of climate change on the Atlantic Heat Conveyor
Creators: name: Smeed, David
name: Wood, Richard
name: Cunningham, Stuart
name: McCarthy, Gerard
name: Kuhlbrodt, Till
name: Dye, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2013

description: MCCIP Science Review 2013, 49-59
Investigation of the nature of the methionine-π interaction in β-hairpin peptide model systems
Creators: name: Tatko, Chad D.
name: Waters, Marcey L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: There are frequent contacts between aromatic rings and sulfur atoms in proteins. However, it is unclear to what degree this putative interaction is stabilizing and what the nature of the interaction is. We have investigated the aryl–sulfur interaction by placing a methionine residue diagonal to an aromatic ring on the same face of a β-hairpin, which places the methionine side chain in close proximity to the aryl side chain. The methionine (Met)–aryl interaction was compared with an equivalent hydrophobic and cation–π interaction in the context of the β-hairpin. The interaction between phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp), or cyclohexylalanine (Cha) and Met stabilized the β-hairpin by −0.3 to −0.5 kcal mole−1, as determined by double-mutant cycles. The peptides were subjected to thermal denaturations that suggest a hydrophobic driving force for the interactions between Met and Trp or Cha. The observed interaction of Met or norleucine (Nle) with Trp or Cha are quite similar, implying a hydrophobic driving force for the Met–π interaction. However, the thermodynamic data suggest that there may be some differences between the interaction of Met with Trp and Phe and that there may be a small thermodynamic component to the Met•••Phe interaction.
Structure-based function inference using protein family-specific fingerprints
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Deepak
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Huan, Jun
name: Liu, Jinze
name: Wang, Wei
name: Snoeyink, Jack
name: Prins, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: We describe a method to assign a protein structure to a functional family using family-specific fingerprints. Fingerprints represent amino acid packing patterns that occur in most members of a family but are rare in the background, a nonredundant subset of PDB; their information is additional to sequence alignments, sequence patterns, structural superposition, and active-site templates. Fingerprints were derived for 120 families in SCOP using Frequent Subgraph Mining. For a new structure, all occurrences of these family-specific fingerprints may be found by a fast algorithm for subgraph isomorphism; the structure can then be assigned to a family with a confidence value derived from the number of fingerprints found and their distribution in background proteins. In validation experiments, we infer the function of new members added to SCOP families and we discriminate between structurally similar, but functionally divergent TIM barrel families. We then apply our method to predict function for several structural genomics proteins, including orphan structures. Some predictions have been corroborated by other computational methods and some validated by subsequent functional characterization.
title: Einkommensgenerierung über Social-Media
Creators: name: Geiger, Dominik
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 658 Allgemeines Management

description: Dass durch Social-Media Einkommen generiert werden kann, ist schon lange kein Geheimnis mehr. Vor allem streben viele Nutzer und Nutzerinnen nach passivem Einkommen. In dieser Masterarbeit soll geklärt werden, über welche Wege es möglich ist, passives Einkommen mithilfe der Social-Media zu lukrieren. Dafür werden in einem ersten Schritt die Begriffe Social-Media, Web 2.0 und Content-Creator definiert und erklärt. Danach werden die verschiedenen Social-Media-Plattformen vorgestellt und erläutert. Anschließend werden Marketingkonzepte dargelegt, wobei vor allem auf digitales Marketing eingegangen wird. Des Weiteren wird aufgezeigt, wann Einkommen als aktiv oder als passiv gewertet wird und welche Wege aus der Theorie zu dessen Generierung eingeschlagen werden können. Zusätzlich werden verschiedene Partnerprogramme vorgestellt und es wird dargelegt, wieviel damit verdient werden kann. Im Praxisteil dieser Arbeit wird eine multiple Fallstudie durchgeführt. Um die Untersuchungsobjekte vergleichbar zu machen, wird die Value Proposition Canvas eingesetzt. Es wird aufgezeigt, welche Bereiche in dieser Masterarbeit wie umgesetzt werden. Danach werden die Untersuchungsobjekte ausgewählt und vorgestellt. Zusätzlich werden die Personas kreiert, die als Kunden und Kundinnen den Untersuchungsobjekten gegenübergestellt werden. Anschließend wird die multiple Fallstudie durchgeführt und die Untersuchungsobjekte analysiert. Die Ergebnisse werden zusammengefasst und der Theorie gegenübergestellt. Dabei konnten mehrere Wege zum passiven Einkommen über Social-Media identifiziert werden. Vor allem Affiliate Links, YouTube, Twitch, Patreon, Merch und Content, der digital vervielfältigt werden kann, wurden in der Praxis von den Untersuchungsobjekten eingesetzt, um passives Einkommen zu generieren.
description: This thesis investigates methods to generate a passive income on social media. The author begins by describing social media, web 2.0, the various platforms, and what a content creator is. Marketing concepts are then set out, in particular, digital marketing. The thesis subsequently explores the difference between active and passive incomes, and approaches to generate them. Various partner programmes are presented, and their earning potential explored. The practical section of the thesis examines multiple case studies. The value proposition canvas is used to make the research objects comparable. The research objects are then presented. Additionally, the personas are created and set against the research objects in the value proposition canvas. The results are summarised and compared to the initial hypotheses. Several ways to generate a passive income on social media are identified. Affiliate links, YouTube, Twitch, Patreon, merchandise, and content which can be digitally duplicated, are used by the research objects to generate passive incomes.
Normalized solutions with positive energies for a coercive problem and application to the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Jeanjean, Louis
name: Lu, Sheng-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35J20

description: In any dimension $N \geq 1$, for given mass $m > 0$ and when the $C^1$ energy functional \begin{equation*} I(u) := \frac{1}{2} \int_{\mathbb{R}^N} |\nabla u|^2 dx - \int_{\mathbb{R}^N} F(u) dx \end{equation*} is coercive on the mass constraint \begin{equation*} S_m := \left\{ u \in H^1(\mathbb{R}^N) ~|~ \|u\|^2_{L^2(\mathbb{R}^N)} = m \right\}, \end{equation*} we are interested in searching for constrained critical points at positive energy levels. Under general conditions on $F \in C^1(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R})$ and for suitable ranges of the mass, we manage to construct such critical points which appear as a local minimizer or correspond to a mountain pass or a symmetric mountain pass level. In particular, our results shed some light on the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in $\mathbb{R}^3$.
description: This version is the final one, corresponding to the paper now published in Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. DOI: 10.1142/S0218202522500361
title: Impacts of climate change on temperature (air and sea)
Creators: name: Dye, Stephen R.
name: Hughes, Sarah L.
name: Tinker, Jonathan
name: Berry, David I.
name: Holliday, N. Penny
name: Kent, Elizabeth C.
name: Kennington, Kevin
name: Inall, Mark
name: Smyth, Tim
name: Nolan, Glenn
name: Lyons, Kieran
name: Andres, Olga
name: Beszczynska-Möller, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2013

description: MCCIP Science Review 2013, 1-12