cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SAAMPLE: A Segregated Accuracy-driven Algorithm for Multiphase Pressure-Linked Equations
Creators: name: Tolle, Tobias
name: Bothe, Dieter
name: Maric, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing hybrid Level Set / Front Tracking methods have been developed for structured meshes and successfully used for efficient and accurate simulations of complex multiphase flows. This contribution extends the capability of hybrid Level Set / Front Tracking methods towards handling surface tension driven multiphase flows using unstructured meshes. Unstructured meshes are traditionally used in Computational Fluid Dynamics to handle geometrically complex problems. In order to simulate surface-tension driven multiphase flows on unstructured meshes, a new SAAMPLE Segregated Accuracy-driven Algorithm for Multiphase Pressure-Linked Equations is proposed, that increases the robustness of the unstructured Level Set / Front Tracking (LENT) method. The LENT method is implemented in the Open- FOAM open source code for Computational Fluid Dynamics.
A Reflection Formula for the Gaussian Hypergeometric Function of Matrix Argument
Creators: name: Richards, Donald
name: Zheng, Qifu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 33C80, Secondary 33C15

description: We obtain a reflection formula for the Gaussian hypergeometric function of real symmetric matrix argument. We also show that this result extends to the Gaussian hypergeometric function defined over the symmetric cones, and even to generalizations of the Gaussian hypergeometric function defined in terms of series of Jack polynomials. Finally, we obtain a quadratic transformation formula for the Gaussian hypergeometric function of Hermitian $2 \times 2$ matrix argument.
description: 11 pages
Exact solutions to the spin-2 Gross-Pitaevskii equations
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhi-Hai
name: Liu, Yong-Kai
name: Yang, Shi-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present several exact solutions to the coupled nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equations which describe the motion of the one-dimensional spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates. The nonlinear density-density interactions are decoupled by making use of the properties of Jacobian elliptical functions. The distinct time factors in each hyperfine state implies a "Lamor" procession in these solutions. Furthermore, exact time-evolving solutions to the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equations are constructed through the spin-rotational symmetry of the Hamiltonian. The spin-polarizations and density distributions in the spin-space are analyzed.
description: 6 figures
Neutral compact spherically symmetric stars in teleparallel gravity
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
name: Abebe, Amare
name: Bamba, Kazuharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel neutral and uncharged solutions that describe the cluster of Einstein in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). To this end, we use a tetrad field with non-diagonal spherical symmetry which gives the vanishing of the off-diagonal components for the gravitational field equations in the TEGR theory. The clusters are calculated by using an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor. We solve the field equations of TEGR theory, using two assumptions: the first one is by using an equation of state that relates density with tangential pressure while the second postulate is to assume a specific form of one of the two unknown functions that appear in the non-diagonal tetrad field. Among many things presented in this study, we investigate the static stability specification. We also study the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation of these solutions in addition to the conditions of energy. The causality constraints with the adiabatic index in terms of the limit of stability are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Realignment Entanglement Criterion for Continuous Bipartite Symmetric Quantum States
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-yu
name: Jiang, Li-zhen
name: Yu, Ping
name: Tian, Mingzhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The separability of bipartite non-Gaussian states is studied by applying the realignment criterion with the technique of functional analysis. The realignment criterion is given as one inequality in contrast to the infinitive number of inequalities based on the moments. We give the necessary and sufficient condition of inseparability for non-Gaussian states prepared by photon subtraction or addition from symmetric Gaussian states. The entanglement criterion of non-Gaussian states evolved in thermal noise and amplitude damping environment is also obtained.
description: 6 pages
Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge dalam Bayang-bayang Dromokrasi
Creators: name: Nur, Askar;
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge, Budaya, Dromologi, IMPS, UIN Alauddin

description: Paper ini dipresentasikan pada Kelas Budaya sesi 2 yang diselenggarakan oleh IMPS Koperti UIN Alauddin Makassar. Pembahasan pada paper ini berfokus pada terkikisnya beberapa ruas-ruas kebudayaan seperti nasehat nenek moyang dulu akibat hadirnya konstruksi baru di mana dunia bergerak dalam rel percepatan (dromologi).
Constraints on the dark matter annihilation scenario of Fermi 130 GeV $γ$-ray line emission by continuous gamma-rays, Milky Way halo, galaxy clusters and dwarf galaxies observations
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoyuan
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Yin, Peng-Fei
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently reported that there may exist monochromatic $γ$-ray emission at $\sim 130$ GeV from the Galactic center in the Fermi Large Area Telescope data, which might be related with dark matter (DM) annihilation. In this work we carry out a comprehensive check of consistency of the results with the DM annihilation scenario, using the 3.7 yrs Fermi observation of the inner Galaxy, Galactic halo, clusters of galaxies and dwarf galaxies. The results found are as follows. 1) Very strong constraints on the DM annihilation into continuous $γ$-rays from the Galactic center are set, which are as stringent as the "natural" scale assuming thermal freeze-out of DM. Such limit sets strong constraint on the DM models to explain the line emission. 2) No line emission from the Galactic halo is found in the Fermi data, and the constraints on line emission is marginally consistent with the DM annihilation interpretation of the $\sim 130$ GeV line emission from the inner Galaxy. 3) No line emission from galaxy clusters and dwarf galaxies is detected, although possible concentration of photons from clusters in 120-140 GeV is revealed. The constraints from clusters and dwarf galaxies are weak and consistent with the DM annihilation scenario to explain the $\sim 130$ GeV line emission.
description: 16 pages (JHEP style), 6 figures and 1 table; added discussion on the continuous background for line search; accepted by JCAP
D meson nuclear modification factors in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector
Creators: name: Grelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of D meson production provides key tests for parton energy-loss models, which predict that charm quarks should experience less in-medium energy loss than light quarks and gluons. The ALICE experiment has measured the production of prompt D^(0), D^(+) and D^(*+) mesons in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC at sqrt(s) = 7 and 2.76 TeV and at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV, respectively, via the exclusive reconstruction of their hadronic decay. The pT-differential production yields in the range 2 < pT < 16 GeV/c at central rapidity, |y| < 0.5, were used to calculate the nuclear modification factor. A suppression of a factor 3 to 4 for transverse momenta larger than 5 GeV/c in the 20% most central collisions was observed. Preliminary results in an extended pT-range, using the data sample collected during the 2011 Pb-Pb run, together with the first measurement of D^(+)_(s) nuclear modification factor will be shown.
Les princes et le pouvoir au moyen âge. XXIIIe Congrès de la S.H.M.E.S. Brest, mai 1992, organisé avec le concours du Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique – URA 374 du CNRS, 199
Creators: name: Ehlers, Joachim
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1996)
Shortcut Learning in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Geirhos, Robert
name: Jacobsen, Jörn-Henrik
name: Michaelis, Claudio
name: Zemel, Richard
name: Brendel, Wieland
name: Bethge, Matthias
name: Wichmann, Felix A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Deep learning has triggered the current rise of artificial intelligence and is the workhorse of today's machine intelligence. Numerous success stories have rapidly spread all over science, industry and society, but its limitations have only recently come into focus. In this perspective we seek to distill how many of deep learning's problems can be seen as different symptoms of the same underlying problem: shortcut learning. Shortcuts are decision rules that perform well on standard benchmarks but fail to transfer to more challenging testing conditions, such as real-world scenarios. Related issues are known in Comparative Psychology, Education and Linguistics, suggesting that shortcut learning may be a common characteristic of learning systems, biological and artificial alike. Based on these observations, we develop a set of recommendations for model interpretation and benchmarking, highlighting recent advances in machine learning to improve robustness and transferability from the lab to real-world applications.
description: perspective article published at Nature Machine Intelligence (https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-020-00257-z)
The Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives of Directed Greybox Fuzzing
Creators: name: Wang, Pengfei
name: Zhou, Xu
name: Yue, Tai
name: Lin, Peihong
name: Liu, Yingying
name: Lu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Greybox fuzzing is a scalable and practical approach for software testing. Most greybox fuzzing tools are coverage-guided as reaching high code coverage is more likely to find bugs. However, since most covered codes may not contain bugs, blindly extending code coverage is less efficient, especially for corner cases. Unlike coverage-guided greybox fuzzing which increases code coverage in an undirected manner, directed greybox fuzzing (DGF) spends most of its time allocation on reaching specific targets (e.g., the bug-prone zone) without wasting resources stressing unrelated parts. Thus, DGF is particularly suitable for scenarios such as patch testing,bug reproduction, and special bug detection. For now, DGF has become an active research area. However, DGF has general limitations and challenges that are worth further studying. Based on the investigation of 42 state-of-the-art fuzzers that are closely related to DGF, we conduct the first in-depth study to summarize the empirical evidence on the research progress of DGF. This paper studies DGF from a broader view, which takes into account not only the location-directed type that targets specific code parts, but also the behavior-directed type that aims to expose abnormal program behaviors. By analyzing the benefits and limitations of DGF research, we try to identify gaps in current research, meanwhile, reveal new research opportunities, and suggest areas for further investigation.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures
Confronting dark energy models mimicking $Λ$CDM epoch with observational constraints: future cosmological perturbations decay or future Rip?
Creators: name: Astashenok, Artyom V.
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confront dark energy models which are currently similar to $Λ$CDM theory with observational data which include the SNe data, matter density perturbations and baryon acoustic oscillations data. DE cosmology under consideration may evolve to Big Rip, type II or type III future singularity, or to Little Rip or Pseudo-Rip universe. It is shown that matter perturbations data define more precisely the possible deviation from $Λ$CDM model than consideration of SNe data only. The combined data analysis proves that DE models under consideration are as consistent as $Λ$CDM model. We demonstrate that growth of matter density perturbations may occur at sufficiently small background density but still before the possible disintegration of bound objects (like clusters of galaxies, galaxies, etc) in Big Rip, type III singularity, Little Rip or Pseudo-Rip universe. This new effect may bring the future universe to chaotic state well before disintegration or Rip.
description: Misprints corrected, discussion enlarged. Accepted in Phys. Lett. B
Towards a Logical Framework for Ideal MBSE ToolSelection based on Discipline Specific Requirements
Creators: name: Khandoker, Azad
name: Sint, Sabine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Source files for our journal publication "Towards a Logical Framework for Ideal MBSE ToolSelection based on Discipline Specific Requirements" consisting of:
- Template for performing a QFD analysis- Template for performing a Decision Matrix
- QFD for MBSE Tool Selection- Decision Matrix for MBSE Tool Selection
Probing the Flyby Anomaly with the future STE-QUEST mission
Creators: name: Páramos, Jorge
name: Hechenblaikner, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we demonstrate that the flyby anomaly, an unexpected acceleration detected in some of the gravitational assists of the Galileo, NEAR, Cassini and Rosetta spacecraft, could be probed by accurate orbital tracking available in the proposed Space-Time Explorer and Quantum Equivalence Principle Space Test (STE- QUEST); following a recent work, we focus on the similarity between an hyperbolic flyby and the perigee passage in a highly elliptic orbit of the latter, as well as its Global Navigation Satellite System precise orbital determination capabilities.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables
Cooling the motion of a trapped atom with a cavity field
Creators: name: Bienert, Marc
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically analyze the cooling dynamics of an atom which is tightly trapped inside a high-finesse optical resonator. Cooling is achieved by suitably tailored scattering processes, in which the atomic dipole transition either scatters a cavity photon into the electromagnetic field external to the resonator, or performs a stimulated emission into the cavity mode, which then dissipates via the cavity mirrors. We identify the parameter regimes in which the atom center-of-mass motion can be cooled into the ground state of the external trap. We predict, in particular, that for high cooperativities interference effects mediated by the atomic transition may lead to higher efficiencies. The dynamics is compared with the cooling dynamics of a trapped atom inside a resonator studied in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 143001, (2005)] where the atom, instead of the cavity, is driven by a laser field.
Structure/function analysis of a complex of minor pilins in the Streptococcus sanguinis Type IV Pili, mediating binding to host glycans
Creators: name: Shahin, Meriam
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Type IV pili (T4P) are widespread multi-functional prokaryotic filaments. Typically composed of one major pilin, T4P also contain minor pilins present at a lower abundance. Minor pilins contribute to the assembly and functional versatility of the filaments but their precise role in T4P biology remains poorly understood. The Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus sanguinis provides a simple T4P machinery for studying the involvement of minor pilins in pili biogenesis. Its retractile pili comprise two major pilins and three minor pilins – PilA, PilB and PilC. While previous work has described the two major pilins and the minor pilin PilB, this study characterises PilA and PilC. PilA is a small minor pilin structurally homologous to the T2SS pseudopilin GspI. PilC is a trimodular minor pilin with a functional C-terminal lectin domain. We show that PilA and PilC form a heterodimeric complex supported by an intermolecular ß-sheet between PilA and the pilin domain of PilC. The interaction allows PilA to act as a chaperone for PilC, stabilising the PilC pilin domain by ß-strand complementation. Modelling suggests that the PilA-PilC complex resides at the tip of the filaments. PilA is incorporated first, followed by PilC whose large C-terminal domains cap the pili. The PilA-PilC complex thus facilitates the presentation of the PilC lectin module by the filaments. The lectin module binds to the terminal moieties of sialylated glycans with moderate affinity. The interaction is mediated by a binding pocket on the concave side of the lectin ß-sandwich fold. The role that PilC plays in the S. sanguinis life cycle, however, remains to be established. Altogether, this study provides the first description of a minor pilin complex in Gram-positive T4P and completes the first characterisation of the role of each pilus subunit in a T4F system.
Miracles, prodiges et merveilles au moyen âge. XXVe Congrès de la Société des Historiens Médiévistes de L'Enseignement Supérieur Public (Orléans, juin 1994), 1995
Creators: name: Signori, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1996)
Composite-pulse magnetometry with a solid-state quantum sensor
Creators: name: Aiello, Clarice D.
name: Hirose, Masashi
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of quantum magnetometers is challenged by control errors and, especially in the solid-state, by their short coherence times. Refocusing techniques can overcome these limitations and improve the sensitivity to periodic fields, but they come at the cost of reduced bandwidth and cannot be applied to sense static (DC) or aperiodic fields. Here we experimentally demonstrate that continuous driving of the sensor spin by a composite pulse known as rotary-echo (RE) yields a flexible magnetometry scheme, mitigating both driving power imperfections and decoherence. A suitable choice of RE parameters compensates for different scenarios of noise strength and origin. The method can be applied to nanoscale sensing in variable environments or to realize noise spectroscopy. In a room-temperature implementation based on a single electronic spin in diamond, composite-pulse magnetometry provides a tunable trade-off between sensitivities in the microT/sqrt(Hz) range, comparable to those obtained with Ramsey spectroscopy, and coherence times approaching T1.
Solvable epidemic model on degree-correlated networks
Creators: name: Morita, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Disease and information spread over social and information networks. Understanding the spread phenomena in networks requires paying attention not only to the degree distribution but also to the degree correlation. However, it is considered difficult to analytically deal with the effect of degree correlation on spread phenomena. Here, we introduce degree correlation using a simple method and present the theoretical formulas of the outbreak threshold and basic reproduction number. We theoretically clarify the effect of the degree correlation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Global Deep-MOND Parameter as a Theory Discriminant
Creators: name: Milgrom, Mordehai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different formulations of MOND predict somewhat different rotation curves for the same mass distribution. Here I consider a global attribute of the rotation curve that might provide a convenient discriminant between theories when applied to isolated, pure-disk galaxies that are everywhere deep in the MOND regime. This parameter is Q=/V0^2, where is the mean squared rotational speed of the galaxy, and V0 is the asymptotic (constant) rotational speed. The comparison between the observed and predicted values of Q is oblivious to the distance, the inclination, the mass, and the size of the disk, and to the form of the interpolating function. For the known modified-gravity theories Q is predicted to be a universal constant (independent of the mass distribution in the disk): Q=2/3. The predicted Q value for modified-inertia theories does depend on the mass distribution. However, surprisingly, I find here that it varies only little among a very wide range of mass distributions, Q=0.73+-0.01. While the difference between the theories amounts to only about 5 percent in the predicted RMS velocity, a good enough sample of galaxies may provide the first discerning test between the two classes of theories.
description: 4 pages, Phys. Rev. Lett. in press
Positivity of Mass in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Cameron, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C30

description: The positive mass theorem in higher dimensions is proved using causality arguments inspired by those of Penrose, Sorkin and Woolgar in 3+1 dimensions.
The genetic and ecological bases of sexual conflict
Creators: name: Flintham, Ewan Ian Odysseas Economides
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Sexual conflict arises when the fitness interests of males and females diverge, leading to genes and traits that have antagonistic fitness effects across the sexes. This thesis uses theoretical models to examine the causes and consequences of such conflict, focusing on the roles of population ecology and genetic architecture in shap- ing evolutionary responses to sex-specific selection. Chapter 1 investigates the demographic consequences of selection on males to harm or harass females in order to improve their own mating success. It shows that such male harassment traits readily evolve condition-dependence, whereby individuals in good condition, or of high genetic quality, express more harm. Consequently, intensified sexual conflict can lead high-condition populations to show reduced population size and greater extinction risk, contrary to the commonly held view that individual condition is positively correlated with population viability. Chapter 2 concerns the segregation of sexually antagonistic alleles, genetic variants beneficial to one sex but harmful to the other, in spatially subdivided populations. It shows that a species’ dispersal pattern modulates the evolutionary dynamics of such alleles due to the effects of kin selection. Thus, dispersal ecology can determine which sex is better adapted to its environment, and how much genetic variation is maintained in populations. Finally, Chapter 3 asks how frequently sexually antagonistic alleles arise from sex-specific selection on complex traits (those encoded by many interacting loci). It investigates how antagonism may be resolved through expression modifiers, showing that variation in genetic architecture (such as the number and distribution of fitness effects across trait loci) favours different patterns of sex-specific versus sex-limited gene expression, and that this can drive outbreeding depression in dispersal-limited populations. Together, the chapters of this thesis demonstrate that aspects of trait genetic architecture and a species’ population ecology that have been underappreciated in previous theory, are relevant to the outcomes of sexual conflict.
Multimodal Urban Sound Tagging with Spatiotemporal Context
Creators: name: Bai, Jisheng
name: Chen, Jianfeng
name: Wang, Mou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Noise pollution significantly affects our daily life and urban development. Urban Sound Tagging (UST) has attracted much attention recently, which aims to analyze and monitor urban noise pollution. One weakness of the previous UST studies is that the spatial and temporal context of sound signals, which contains complementary information about when and where the audio data was recorded, has not been investigated. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a multimodal UST system that deeply mines the audio and spatiotemporal context together. In order to incorporate characteristics of different acoustic features, two sets of four spectrograms are first extracted as the inputs of residual neural networks. Then, the spatiotemporal context is encoded and combined with acoustic features to explore the efficiency of multimodal learning for discriminating sound signals. Moreover, a data filtering approach is adopted in text processing to further improve the performance of multi-modality. We evaluate the proposed method on the UST challenge (task 5) of DCASE2020. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Neutrino Astronomy with the IceCube Observatory
Creators: name: Kappes, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IceCube is the first representative of the km^3 class of neutrino telescopes and currently the most sensitive detector to high-energy neutrinos. Its main mission is to search for Galactic and extragalactic sources of high-energy neutrinos, but it is also an excellent detector for the investigation of a variety of other highly topical astrophysics and particle physics topics like supernovae, dark matter and neutrino oscillations. After an introduction to neutrino astronomy and neutrino telescopes, this article presents a selection of latest results from the IceCube neutrino detector with respect to searches for cosmic high-energy neutrino sources.
description: Talk given at the 23rd European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Moscow, Russia, 2012; 7 pages, 6 figures
An explicit minorant for the amenability constant of the Fourier algebra
Creators: name: Choi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2020: 46H20 (primary), 43A30, 46J10 (secondary)

description: We show that if a locally compact group $G$ is non-abelian then the amenability constant of its Fourier algebra is $\geq 3/2$, extending a result of Johnson (JLMS, 1994) who proved that this holds for finite non-abelian groups. Our lower bound, which is known to be best possible, improves on results by previous authors and answers a question raised by Runde (PAMS, 2006). To do this we study a minorant for the amenability constant, related to the anti-diagonal in $G\times G$, which was implicitly used in Runde's work but hitherto not studied in depth. Our main novelty is an explicit formula for this minorant when $G$ is a countable virtually abelian group, in terms of the Plancherel measure for $G$. As further applications, we characterize those non-abelian groups where the minorant attains its minimal value, and present some examples to support the conjecture that the minorant always coincides with the amenability constant.
description: v5: AMS-LaTeX, 30 pages. To appear in IMRN. Only differences from v4 are some extra corrections of typos and minor tweaks for consistency of style. This does not incorporate the changes made by the journal's copy-editors
Vacuum Stability Constraints on the Enhancement of the Higgs to Diphoton Rate in the MSSM
Creators: name: Kitahara, Teppei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS and CMS collaborations discovered a new boson particle. If the new boson is the Higgs boson, the diphoton signal strength is 1.5 - 1.8 times larger than the Standard Model (SM) prediction, while the WW and ZZ signal strengths are in agreement with the SM one. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), overall consistency can be achieved by a light stau and the large left-right mixing of staus. However, a light stau and large left-right mixing of staus may suffer from vacuum instability. We first apply the vacuum meta-stability condition to the Higgs to diphoton decay rate in the MSSM. We show that the vacuum meta-stablity severely constrains the enhancement to the Higgs to diphoton rate. For example, when the lighter stau mass is 100 GeV, the upper bound on the enhancement to the Higgs to diphoton rate becomes 25%.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; published version in JHEP
Human Activity Recognition using Wearable Sensors: Review, Challenges, Evaluation Benchmark
Creators: name: Abdel-Salam, Reem
name: Mostafa, Rana
name: Hadhood, Mayada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognizing human activity plays a significant role in the advancements of human-interaction applications in healthcare, personal fitness, and smart devices. Many papers presented various techniques for human activity representation that resulted in distinguishable progress. In this study, we conduct an extensive literature review on recent, top-performing techniques in human activity recognition based on wearable sensors. Due to the lack of standardized evaluation and to assess and ensure a fair comparison between the state-of-the-art techniques, we applied a standardized evaluation benchmark on the state-of-the-art techniques using six publicly available data-sets: MHealth, USCHAD, UTD-MHAD, WISDM, WHARF, and OPPORTUNITY. Also, we propose an experimental, improved approach that is a hybrid of enhanced handcrafted features and a neural network architecture which outperformed top-performing techniques with the same standardized evaluation benchmark applied concerning MHealth, USCHAD, UTD-MHAD data-sets.
description: Accepted at 2ND International Workshop on Deep Learning for Human Activity Recognition, Held in conjunction with IJCAI-PRICAI 2020, January 2021, Japan and published at Springer Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) proceedings
The Computation of Approximate Generalized Feedback Nash Equilibria
Creators: name: Laine, Forrest
name: Fridovich-Keil, David
name: Chiu, Chih-Yuan
name: Tomlin, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the concept of a Generalized Feedback Nash Equilibrium (GFNE) in dynamic games, extending the Feedback Nash Equilibrium concept to games in which players are subject to state and input constraints. We formalize necessary and sufficient conditions for (local) GFNE solutions at the trajectory level, which enable the development of efficient numerical methods for their computation. Specifically, we propose a Newton-style method for finding game trajectories which satisfy necessary conditions for an equilibrium, which can then be checked against sufficiency conditions. We show that the evaluation of the necessary conditions in general requires computing a series of nested, implicitly-defined derivatives, which quickly becomes intractable. To this end, we introduce an approximation to the necessary conditions which is amenable to efficient evaluation, and in turn, computation of solutions. We term the solutions to the approximate necessary conditions Generalized Feedback Quasi-Nash Equilibria (GFQNE), and we introduce numerical methods for their computation. In particular, we develop a Sequential Linear-Quadratic Game approach, in which a LQ local approximation of the game is solved at each iteration. The development of this method relies on the ability to compute a GFNE to inequality- and equality-constrained LQ games, and therefore specific methods for the solution of these special cases are developed in detail. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach on a dynamic game arising in an autonomous driving application.
EOSC-Life Final report on EOSC-Life training activities and their impact
Creators: name: Ludwig, Rebecca
name: Duquenne, Lauranne
name: Gurwitz, Kim
name: Swan, Anna
name: Thomas Lopez, Daniel
name: Lloret Llinares, Marta
name: Delgado, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Training
Life science research infrastructures
FAIR data
European Open Science Cloud
Open Science

description: This document outlines the training activities that have been completed since the beginning of the grant and their impact. The EOSC-Life training programme is built on the training needs analysis, which was presented in D9.1 Final report of analysis of the training needs of different EOSC-Life users in month 12. EOSC-Life training is aimed at two target communities that have distinct needs and different roles towards establishing a European Open Science Cloud (EOSC): (i) the Research Infrastructures (data) staff and (ii) the end-user of the (data) services offered. The deliverable gives an overview on the wide range of training offers completed, which highlight that EOSC-Life managed extremely well to ensure cross WP involvement and adapted the training to remote offers during the pandemic restrictions. Since the training activities described in D9.2 Review of EOSC-Life training activities, their impact and potential adaptations, our focus has been on developing and publishing the e-learning materials, while activities around courses, workshops and open calls continued. In total, since the beginning of the project we have supported over 1000 participants with in-person/virtual training and over 6000 participants with e-learning. Training in EOSC-Life has been organised in a top-down as well as bottom-up approach; top-down training activities have been organised by the technical work packages in EOSC-Life as well as the training work package, while the Training Open Call process allows for training activities organised by the EOSC-Life community to receive EOSC-Life support. All training activities relate to the needs analysis. Three rounds of the Training Open Call have been completed, in total we received 22 applications and 15 proposals received funding. In conclusion, EOSC-Life training activities were a driver and sustainer of the EOSC-Life community and an important pillar in reaching external audiences.
Ergodic Exploration using Tensor Train: Applications in Insertion Tasks
Creators: name: Shetty, Suhan
name: Silvério, João
name: Calinon, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In robotics, ergodic control extends the tracking principle by specifying a probability distribution over an area to cover instead of a trajectory to track. The original problem is formulated as a spectral multiscale coverage problem, typically requiring the spatial distribution to be decomposed as Fourier series. This approach does not scale well to control problems requiring exploration in search space of more than 2 dimensions. To address this issue, we propose the use of tensor trains, a recent low-rank tensor decomposition technique from the field of multilinear algebra. The proposed solution is efficient, both computationally and storage-wise, hence making it suitable for its online implementation in robotic systems. The approach is applied to a peg-in-hole insertion task requiring full 6D end-effector poses, implemented with a 7-axis Franka Emika Panda robot. In this experiment, ergodic exploration allows the task to be achieved without requiring the use of force/torque sensors.
Neutron imaging detector based on the muPIC micro-pixel chamber
Creators: name: Parker, J. D.
name: Hattori, K.
name: Fujioka, H.
name: Harada, M.
name: Iwaki, S.
name: Kabuki, S.
name: Kishimoto, Y.
name: Kubo, H.
name: Kurosawa, S.
name: Miuchi, K.
name: Nagae, T.
name: Nishimura, H.
name: Oku, T.
name: Sawano, T.
name: Shinohara, T.
name: Suzuki, J.
name: Takada, A.
name: Tanimori, T.
name: Ueno, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a prototype time-resolved neutron imaging detector employing the micro-pixel chamber (muPIC), a micro-pattern gaseous detector, coupled with a field programmable gate array-based data acquisition system for applications in neutron radiography at high-intensity neutron sources. The prototype system, with an active area of 10cm x 10cm and operated at a gas pressure of 2 atm, measures both the energy deposition (via time-over-threshold) and 3-dimensional track of each neutron-induced event, allowing the reconstruction of the neutron interaction point with improved accuracy. Using a simple position reconstruction algorithm, a spatial resolution of 349 +/- 36 microns was achieved, with further improvement expected. The detailed tracking allows strong rejection of background gamma-rays, resulting in an effective gamma sensitivity of 10^-12 or less, coupled with stable, robust neutron identification. The detector also features a time resolution of 0.6 microseconds.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in NIMA
Route Choice-based Socio-Technical Macroscopic Traffic Model
Creators: name: Roy, Tanushree
name: Dey, Satadru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Human route choice is undeniably one of the key contributing factors towards traffic dynamics. However, most existing macroscopic traffic models are typically concerned with driving behavior and do not incorporate human route choice behavior models in their formulation. In this paper, we propose a socio-technical macroscopic traffic model that characterizes the traffic states using human route choice attributes. Essentially, such model provides a framework for capturing the Cyber-Physical-Social coupling in smart transportation systems. To derive this model, we first use Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) to model the human passengers' route choice under bounded rationality. These choices are assumed to be influenced by traffic alerts and other incomplete traffic information. Next, we assume that the vehicles are operating under a non-cooperative cruise control scenario. Accordingly, human route choice segregates the traffic into multiple classes where each class corresponds to a specific route between an origin-destination pair. Thereafter, we derive a Mean Field Game (MFG) limit of this non-cooperative game to obtain a macroscopic model which embeds the human route choice attribute. Finally, we analyze the mathematical characteristics of the proposed model and present simulation studies to illustrate the model behavior.
A unified picture of breaks and truncations in spiral galaxies from SDSS and S^{4}G imaging
Creators: name: Martín-Navarro, Ignacio
name: Bakos, Judit
name: Trujillo, Ignacio
name: Knapen, Johan H.
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Bosma, Albert
name: Comerón, Sébastien
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Erroz-Ferrer, Santiago
name: Gadotti, Dimitri A.
name: de Paz, Armando Gil
name: Hinz, Joannah L.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: Laine, Jarkko
name: Laurikainen, Eija
name: Menéndez-Delmestre, Karín
name: Mizusawa, Trisha
name: Muñoz-Mateos, Juan-Carlos
name: Regan, Michael W.
name: Salo, Heikki
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Sheth, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism causing breaks in the radial surface brightness distribution of spiral galaxies is not yet well known. Despite theoretical efforts, there is not a unique explanation for these features and the observational results are not conclusive. In an attempt to address this problem, we have selected a sample of 34 highly inclined spiral galaxies present both in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and in the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies. We have measured the surface brightness profiles in the five Sloan optical bands and in the 3.6$μm$ Spitzer band. We have also calculated the color and stellar surface mass density profiles using the available photometric information, finding two differentiated features: an innermost break radius at distances of $\sim 8 \pm 1$ kpc [$0.77 \pm 0.06$ $R_{25}$] and a second characteristic radius, or truncation radius, close to the outermost optical extent ($\sim 14 \pm 2$ kpc [$1.09 \pm 0.05$ $R_{25}$]) of the galaxy. We propose in this work that the breaks might be a phenomena related to a threshold in the star formation, while truncations are more likely a real drop in the stellar mass density of the disk associated with the maximum angular momentum of the stars.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures and 5 tables (+ appendix). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Rank-n logarithmic conformal field theory in the BTZ black hole
Creators: name: Moon, Taeyoon
name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the rank-$n$ finite temperature logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) starting from the $n$-coupled scalar field theory in the BTZ black hole background. Its zero temperature limit reduces to a rank-$n$ LCFT in the AdS$_3$ background whose gravity dual is a polycritical gravity. We compute all two-point functions of a rank-$n$ finite temperature LCFT. Using the retarded Green's functions on the boundary, we obtain quasinormal modes of scalar $A_n$ which satisfies the $2n$-th order linearized equation. Furthermore, the absorption cross section of $A_n$ indicates a feature of $\ln^{n-1}[ω\ell]$-correction to the Klein-Gordon mode.
description: 4 pages, no figure, published version
Matter Fields and Non-Abelian Gauge Fields Localized on Walls
Creators: name: Arai, Masato
name: Blaschke, Filip
name: Eto, Minoru
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massless matter fields and non-Abelian gauge fields are localized on domain walls in a (4+1)-dimensional $U(N)_c$ gauge theory with $SU(N)_{L}\times SU(N)_{R}\times U(1)_{A}$ flavor symmetry. We also introduce $SU(N)_{L+R}$ flavor gauge fields and a scalar-field-dependent gauge coupling, which provides massless non-Abelian gauge fields localized on the wall. We find a chiral Lagrangian interacting minimally with the non-Abelian gauge field together with nonlinear interactions of moduli fields as the (3+1)-dimensional effective field theory up to the second order of derivatives. Our result provides a step towards a realistic model building of brane-world scenario using topological solitons.
description: 45 pages, 3 figures, several typos corrected, to appear in Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (PTEP), several references was not cited in the text and were removed
Transition properties of potassium atom
Creators: name: Nandy, D. K.
name: Singh, Yashpal
name: Shah, B. P.
name: Sahoo, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here oscillator strengths, transition rates, branching ratios and lifetimes due to allowed transitions in potassium (K) atom. We evaluate electric dipole (E1) amplitudes using an all order relativistic many-body perturbation method. The obtained results are compared with previously available experimental and theoretical studies. Using the E1 matrix elements mentioned above and estimated from the lifetimes of the 4P states, we determine precise values of static and dynamic polarizabilities for the first five low-lying states in the considered atom. The static polarizabilities of the ground and 4P states in the present work are more precise than the available measurements in these states. Only the present work employs relativistic theory to evaluate polarizabilities in the 3D states for which no experimental results are known to compare with. We also reexamine "magic wavelengths" for the $4P_{1/2} \rightarrow 4S$ and $4P_{3/2} \rightarrow 4S$ transitions due to the linearly polarized light which are useful to perform state-insensitive trapping of K atoms.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures