cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rationality and success
Creators: name: Greene, Preston
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Standard theories of rational decision making and rational preference embrace the idea that there is something special about the present. Standard decision theory, for example, demands that agents privilege the perspective of the present (i.e., the time of decision) in evaluating what to do. When forming preferences, most philosophers believe that a similar focus on the present is justified, at least in the sense that rationality requires or permits future experiences to be given more weight than past ones. In this dissertation, I examine such theories in light of the expected success of the agents who follow them. In Chapters 2 and 3, I show that this bias toward the present is a liability: it tends to make agents less successful than they might otherwise be. I also show how these problems can be avoided: In the case of rational decision making, we must privilege the beginning rather than the present (what I call “inceptive maximization”). In the case of rational preferences, we must be completely temporally neutral.  In chapters 4 and 5 I introduce a larger framework in which to interpret these results. My core thesis is that practical rationality is a form of conditional reliability. Practically rational decisions, preferences, intentions, or other relevant factors reliably produce whatever we take to be of value, conditional on an agent’s beliefs. This focus on value-conduciveness is thus the analog of the focus on truth-conduciveness in reliabilist theories of epistemic norms. Like reliabilism in epistemology, I show that practical reliabilism is supported by a methodologically naturalistic approach to normativity. In this way and others, I argue that epistemic and practical reliabilism interconnect to create an overarching theory of normativity.
System reliability and maintenance modeling with changing and uncertain future stress profiles
Creators: name: Hada, Akira
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The US Navy has increased interest in the reliability of aircraft launching and recovery equipment. Data is readily available and failure time distributions can be estimated; however, the aircraft equipment will not be operated with the same stress profile in the future as the data provided. In fact, the US Navy will increase the stress profile on the equipment by incorporating heavier aircraft into the fleet, while downsizing the lighter aircrafts. This creates an uncertain stress profile the aircraft carrier systems will be subjected to. Since the composition of the fleet is uncertain, determining reliability and component redundancy and/or replacement is difficult. Thus, new models and optimization algorithms are proposed involving data analysis at the component-level based on Weibull shape parameters modeled after using a general log-linear model based on the mean and variance of critical stress measures in a changing environment, and Weibull shape parameters modeled using a general log-linear model based on the distributional form of critical stress measures in a changing environment.  Traditional system reliability considers a set of failure data which is analyzed to estimate a failure time distribution.  This failure time distribution can be utilized to estimate reliability at some point in time. This thesis pertains to design problems with a probabilistic future stress profile, but using models based upon the current failure data. Since a future stress profile can be probabilistic and distinctly different, the traditional system reliability model will be unable to estimate future reliability from the existing failure data. Instead an estimate of the future failure time distribution must be made utilizing accelerated life concepts, and the optimal component reliability becomes difficult to determine. Depending on the level of usage, the optimal component redundancy might change. This research project tries to develop a heuristic for system reliability optimization considering a probabilistic future stress profile in which the stresses can increase to different levels.   A failure time distribution will be determined for each system component as a function of usage stress distribution. The component models are then assembled into a system model. This system model will test different composition of fleet data based upon different probabilities. Although these probabilities are ambiguous it is certain that the stress profiles will increase. This system model was tested to see what optimal preventative maintenance or component replacement can be done in the present so that the unknown future stress profile will not cause high costs in maintenance and replacement parts.
A targeted intervention for siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders
Creators: name: Hansford, Amy P.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The sibling relationship provides a unique context for the development of interpersonal skills and lays the groundwork for extensive social situations with other children. Siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience multiple stressors and increased caregiver demands that children with neurotypical siblings do not face. While some siblings do not experience significant adjustment problems, it appears that other children may have greater vulnerability to the development of significant adjustment problems and internalizing disorders. Very few studies have investigated the effect of a support group for children who have a sibling with ASD. The present study evaluated the effects of Project SibSTAR (Straight Talk about Autism Realities), an eight week support group that incorporated didactics, discussion, and role plays while using rigorous research design and psychometrically-sound measures. Twenty siblings of children with ASD were randomized to either the active or delayed intervention group. While the groups received the same intervention, the time-lagged design allowed for the assessment of a multiple baseline design across both groups and skills. In addition, participants reported on measures of psychological and social functioning at baseline, post group, and 6 week follow-up assessments. During these assessment sessions, data were also collected on play-based interactions within the sibling dyad. Outcomes were assessed across a variety of domains, including intervention acceptability, concepts taught during group, play-based behavioral principles, and self-report of internalizing symptoms, self-competence, and perceived social support. Results indicated that participants increased their knowledge of autism, coping and problem solving skills, and their knowledge of behavioral skills. Further, trend level decreases in internalizing symptoms were found from baseline to post group assessment, and significant differences were found on measures of perceived social support and social self-competence. While participants indicated high satisfaction with the intervention package, no significant differences were noted on play-based interactions with their sibling. The implications and future directions of this line of research are discussed.
Additional file 4: of The role of psychosocial stress in the development of chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Buscemi, Valentina
name: Chang, Wei-Ju
name: Liston, Matthew
name: McAuley, James
name: Schabrun, Siobhan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Checklist to assess methodological quality of studies. Checklist that will be used to assess the included studies. (DOCX 16Â kb)
The trace element composition of suspended particulate matter in the Amundsen Sea  Polyna, West Antarctica
Creators: name: Harazin, Kathleen Marie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The Amundsen Sea Polynya is one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean. Since macronutrients are abundant, natural iron (Fe) fertilization is likely responsible for large seasonal phytoplankton blooms; however, little is known about the mechanism of Fe supply to this polynya, in particular with respect to various forms of particulate Fe. During December 2010 and January 2011, water samples were filtered by contamination-free methods to collect suspended particulate matter; subsamples of these filters were digested or chemically leached, and analyzed for Fe and a suite of other metals. High crustal particle concentrations were measured throughout the polynya, with highest values observed where strong northward flow emanates from under the melting Dotson Ice Shelf, propelling particulate and dissolved Fe to sub-euphotic zone depths in the central polynya. Potentially bioavailable fractions were investigated by comparing chemically leachable fractions to “excess” (non-crustal) fractions, calculated from average crustal element/aluminum ratios. The Dotson Outflow Station has high concentrations of both total and labile particulate Fe fractions, suggesting substantial inputs of potentially bioavailable particulate Fe to the polynya, fueling phytoplankton blooms.   In the euphotic zone, suspended matter analyses can reveal cellular metal concentrations of the phytoplankton assemblage. Non-crustal Zn/P is exceptionally high throughout the polynya compared to most literature values for marine phytoplankton, but is consistent with previous determinations in Antarctic waters near the Ross Sea. Both Zn/P and Cd/P show lower ratios in higher primary productivity polynya regions, suggesting a biodilution effect, competitive uptake antagonism with Fe, or reduced availability of dissolved Zn and Cd resulting from prior biological activity. In contrast, Cu/P is relatively high at the high productivity stations where Zn/P and Cd/P are low, and dissolved Cu is at minimum for the polynya. These high Cu/P ratios may reflect high quotas unique to bloom-dominating Phaeocystis antartica, suggestive of a Cu-requiring reductive Fe uptake pathway.
Elopidae Valenciennes 1847
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
name: Betts, Joel T.
name: González-Alemán, Néstor J.
name: Castañeda, Edgar
name: Berghe, Eric Van Den
name: Elías, Diego J.
name: Mcmahan, Caleb D.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elopiformes
Elopidae

description: Family Elopidae Valenciennes 1847 (Fig. 2F). Ladyfishes, Tenpounders, Machetes; Macabís, Machetes, Peces Torpedo
Description: Body elongate, slender and rounded (little compressed), fusiform; up to 100 cm in length; mouth terminal and relatively long, ending past eye; teeth small, granular, on jaws, roof of mouth, tongue and base of gill arches; scales relatively small, usually 95–120 in lateral-line; all fins without spines; pelvic-fin rays usually 12–16; a single dorsal fin, usually with 20–25 rays, the last ray not elongate; insertion of pelvic fin beneath or posterior to the origin of the dorsal fin; anal-fin rays usually 13–18; caudal fin strongly forked; usually silvery in color (Robertson & Allen 2015, Nelson et al. 2016). Distribution: Mainly marine (rarely brackish and freshwater); tropical and subtropical oceans (Nelson et al. 2016). One genus and two species in Nicaraguan freshwaters.
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 5376 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5376.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10208788
Distenia (Distenia) mermudesi Santos-Silva & Hovore 2007
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Distenia
Distenia mermudesi

description: Distenia (D.) mermudesi Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007
Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007a:16, figs 2, 12, 24, 38.
Paratype ♂, BOLIVIA, La Paz: Huanay, X.1993 (MCNZ 235.486).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on page 462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Elops affinis Regan 1909
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
name: Betts, Joel T.
name: González-Alemán, Néstor J.
name: Castañeda, Edgar
name: Berghe, Eric Van Den
name: Elías, Diego J.
name: Mcmahan, Caleb D.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elopiformes
Elopidae
Elops
Elops affinis

description: Elops affinis Regan 1909. Pacific Ladyfish, Pacific Machete; Machete del Pacífico Oriental, Pez Torpedo, Macabí, Malacho
Vouchers: Not available. Distribution: Eastern Pacific Ocean; from southern California, USA, to northern Peru; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; (Nicaragua) PN (Pacific); 0–3 masl; Per, Dia, Amp. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat; DD (2019), population trend unknown. Literature: Villa (1982: 76; detailed description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Robertson & Allen (2015: 286; detailed description, including illustrations, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology) and Angulo (2021: 20; listed, including information on distribution).
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 5376 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5376.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10208788
Novantinoe mariahelenae Santos-Silva & Hovore 2007
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Novantinoe
Novantinoe mariahelenae

description: Novantinoe mariahelenae Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007
Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007b:593, figs 6, 7, 24, 53.
Holotype ♂, EQUADOR, Morona Santiago: Santiago (1000 m), VIII.2001, S. Castro-Martinez col. (MCNZ 235.485).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on page 462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Additional file 3: of Reliability of measurements of the fractured clavicle: a systematic review
Creators: name: Hoogervorst, Paul
name: Gerjon Hannink
name: Geene, Arnoud Van
name: Kampen, Albert Van
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: PRISMA 2009 checklist. PRISMA 2009 checklist. (PDF 65Â kb)
MOESM1 of DCE-MRI of patient-derived xenograft models of uterine cervix carcinoma: associations with parameters of the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Hauge, Anette
name: Wegner, Catherine
name: Jon-Vidar Gaustad
name: Simonsen, Trude
name: Andersen, Lise
name: Rofstad, Einar
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. DCE-MRI parameter maps and frequency distributions prior to exclusion of unphysiological voxels.
Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide & Martinez 1993
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Geotrupidae
Bolbapium
Bolbapium paralucidulum

description: Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide & Martínez, 1993
Ide & Martínez, 1993:370, figs 1–40, 78, 80.
Paratypes: 4 specimens, BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul: São Jerônimo, 10–15.IX.1982, C. J. Becker col.; 24.IX.1982, H. A. Gastal col.; 03.XI.1982, T. Arigony col.; 16–23.IX.1982, C. J. Becker col. (MCNZ 60.087, 60.045, 60.666, 59.925); 1 specimen, Rio Grande (Estação Ecológica do Rio Grande do Sul), 04.XI.1986, H. A. Gastal col. (MCNZ 64.726).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on page 462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Language phenotypes of autism
Creators: name: Hare, Abby Elise
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders that are characterized by deficits in communication, social impairment, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors.  The work presented in this dissertation aims to reduce the genetic heterogeneity of samples ascertained for ASD by developing communication phenotypes for use in two genetics studies.  Communication impairments in ASD can include impairments in speech or language and, like all traits in ASD, can range in severity from person to person.  The first study involved a genome-wide linkage analysis in a sample of multiplex autism families for two non-verbal motor speech (NVMSD) phenotypes: NVMSD:ALL including nonverbal and minimally verbal subjects and NVMSD:C where there is behavioral evidence that language comprehension is relatively intact.  Evidence for linkage was identified on several chromosomes: 1q24.2, 3q25.31, 4q22.3, 5p12, 5q33.1, 1&p12, 1&q11.2, and 1&q22 for NVMSD:ALL and 4p15.2 and 21q22.2 for NVMSD:C.  Genome-wide analysis and fine mapping of candidate genes did not produce strong evidence for association.  The second study identified language (LI) and reading (RI) impairment phenotypes in a dataset ascertained for autism and specific language impairment (SLI) in the same family.  These families were extensively phenotyped with a comprehensive testing battery where all language measures were found to be heritable.  In addition to LI and RI, social impairment and obsessive-compulsive behavioral phenotypes were identified in these families using well-respected assessments (SRS and Y-BOCS, respectively).  Genome-wide linkage analysis yielded evidence for linkage on 13q21.2 (YBOCS), 14q32.31 (SRS), 15q25.1 (LI), 15q26.2 (SRS), and 16p12.3 (RI).  Genome-wide analysis and fine mapping of candidate genes did not produce strong evidence for association.  The identification of non-overlapping loci for each phenotype supports the hypothesis that these phenotypes successfully identify unique communication and social impairment loci in ASD.  Furthermore, as the second study was conducted in families ascertained for autism and for SLI, these results support the hypothesis that some individuals with ASD and those with SLI without ASD may have some shared genetic etiology.  The lack strong evidence for association suggests that rare and/or multiple variants may play a role in the etiology of ASD.
Elops smithi McBride
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
name: Betts, Joel T.
name: González-Alemán, Néstor J.
name: Castañeda, Edgar
name: Berghe, Eric Van Den
name: Elías, Diego J.
name: Mcmahan, Caleb D.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elopiformes
Elopidae
Elops
Elops smithi

description: Elops smithi McBride, Rocha, Ruiz-Carus & Bowen 2010. Malacho Ladyfish, Southern Ladyfish; Machete, Malacho Sureño, Banano Sureño
Vouchers: Not available. Distribution: Western Atlantic Ocean; from New England, USA, to southern Argentina; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; (Nicaragua) WK, KP, Es and BF (Atlantic); 0–4 masl; Per, Dia, Amp. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat; DD (2012), population trend unknown.
Literature: Villa (1982: 76, as Elops saurus —misidentification; detailed description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 4787; detailed description, including illustrations, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology).
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 5376 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5376.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10208788
Impacts of flexible-fuel vehicles on Brazil's fuel markets
Creators: name: He, Yifan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Ethanol is a green and environmental-friend fuel, which has been one of the most important fuels for Brazil’s drivers for decades. Brazil has a strong and booming ethanol industry. Brazil’s consumers are able to switch between ethanol and gasoline since the introduction of flex-fuel vehicles in March 2003, which alters both ethanol and gasoline markets. This paper’s objectives are specified as follows:  a. Estimate the demand elasticity of ethanol, cross demand elasticity of ethanol to gasoline/sugar, the income elasticity of ethanol, the demand elasticity of ethanol to fleet;  b. Estimate the elasticities before and after the introduction of flex-fuel vehicles, and test if there is a significant difference between two periods;  c. Analyze the reasons for such differences as well as provide policy implications.  3-stage Least Squares Simultaneous Equations System is utilized for statistical analysis. Results of this study Show that: (1) demand for hydrous ethanol is more elastic after March 2003; (2) cross demand of ethanol to gasoline price is more elastic after March 2003; (3) income elasticity of ethanol is not statistically significant; (4) the relationship between sugar price and supply of ethanol is unimportant; (5) the growth in fleet leads to increase in the demand for hydrous ethanol, and this effect grew stronger after the introduction of flex-fuel vehicles.  My findings suggest that the invention and commercialization of flex-fuel vehicles alters Brazil’s fuel market by enabling consumers to switch between two fuels. From a policy maker’s view, demand for ethanol and gasoline are more sensitive to their prices, and their relationship is complicated with two reverse effects, which requires a more comprehensive model to evaluate any policy effect. From industrial standpoint, the results suggest that pricing strategy for ethanol and gasoline should be revised due to increasing elasticities. Future research about flex-fuel vehicles and fuel markets should incorporate tax rates, government policy, propaganda, education, and environmental impact.
Acoustic and electrical properties of bismuth sodium titanate-based materials
Creators: name: Hejazi Dehaghani, Seyed Mehdi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: In this research, an attempt has been made to develop and characterize lead-free ceramics, transducers, and thin films based on Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) compositions.   BNT-based ceramics with different compositions were prepared by mixed oxide route. The electromechanical and acoustic properties of the ceramics were studied. 0.88BNT-0.08BKT-0.04BT (BNKTBT88) and 0.0&6BNT-0.20BKT-0.04BLT (BNKLT&6) ceramics showed relatively high values of piezoelectric coefficient (d33~1&0-1&5 pC.N-1), dielectric constant (850-950), and planar coupling coefficient (kp~0.32-0.3&). On the other hand, BNKLT88 ceramics with a rhombohedral structure exhibited high mechanical quality factor (Qm~420). Acceptor dopants such as Mn and Fe were doped in BNKLT88 ceramics. By optimizing the powder processing and sintering temperature, Qm values as high as 900-9&5 were obtained in 1.5 mol.% Fe or Mn-doped ceramics sintered at 1100 oC. This composition showed the maximum vibration velocity (0.6 m.s-1), minimum heat generation, minimum input power, and the best efficiency among the studied compositions.   High frequency ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging were designed and fabricated based on the BNKLT88 ceramics. The focused transducer with a center frequency of 23 MHz, exhibited a -6dB bandwidth and insertion loss of 55% and -32.1 dB, respectively. B-mode images of a wire phantom (30 µm in diameter) were produced by the transducer.  BNT-based thin films with four different compositions in BNT-BKT-BT as well as BNT-BKT-BLT systems were deposited on (001)-oriented SrRuO3/SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. The effects of deposition parameters on the microstructure, chemical composition, and electrical properties of thin films were evaluated. Under optimized condition, BNKTBT88 thin films exhibited a remnant polarization of about 30 μC.cm-2 and coercive field of 85 kV.cm-1. The dielectric constant and loss tangent at 1 kHz were measured to be 645 and 0.052, respectively.  The leakage current of epitaxial BNKTBT88 thin films measured at different temperatures was matched with the Lampert’s triangle bounded by three straight lines of different slopes. It was shown Mn-doping suppressed the leakage current by more than two orders of magnitude. The remnant polarization and dielectric constant (at 10 kHz) of Mn-doped BNKLT&6 film deposited at 400 mtorr were measured to be 23 µC.cm-2 and 660, respectively.
Anthracnose of annual bluegrass putting green turf affected by sand topdressing and cultivation
Creators: name: Hempfling, James Warren
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum cereale Manns sensu lato Crouch, Clarke, and Hillman, is a devastating disease of annual bluegrass [Poa annua L. forma reptans (Hausskn.) T. Koyama] (ABG) putting green turf.  Four field trials were conducted from 2009 to 2011 to examine the effects of sand topdressing and midseason cultivation on anthracnose severity of ABG turf mowed at 3.2-mm.  Increased rate of spring (0, 1.2 and 2.4 L m-2) and summer (0, 0.0&5, 0.15, 0.3 and 0.6 L m-2) topdressing reduced disease severity linearly throughout most of 2009 and 2010.  However, increased summer topdressing rate produced a quadratic decrease in disease severity by mid-2010; increased spring topdressing rate reduced the amount (rate) of summer topdressing needed to reduce disease.  Sand topdressing during the onset of disease (approximately 10% of the plot area infested with C. cereale) in 2009 and 2010 caused a 9 to 14% increase in disease severity 16- to 18-d after treatments were initiated.  However, these disease increases lasted only 6- to 9-d and continued sand topdressing reduced disease severity 13 to 20% by the end of each growing season.  Verticutting, scarifying and solid-tining increased disease severity up to 18, 10 and 5%, respectively, when performed when symptoms were present (11 to 20% disease severity).  These cultivation treatments reduced disease severity relative to the control before treatments were initiated again in 2010 (second trial-year); however, verticutting, scarifying and solid-tining increased disease once again by late-2010.  Weekly grooming reduced disease severity up to 9% relative to the control during both trial-years.  Cultivation typically did not affect disease severity when curative fungicide was also being applied.  Deep vertical cutting (&.6-mm) increased disease 4% relative to the control and 5% relative to shallow vertical cutting (1.3-mm) on 6% of rating dates.  Shallow vertical cutting produced small, marginally significant reductions in disease severity compared to the control on 16% of rating dates.  Spring topdressing is a strategy for anthracnose suppression that may also reduce the rate of summer topdressing needed to reduce disease severity.  Additionally, cultivation practices that only affect leaves, such as grooming, may slightly reduce anthracnose severity.
Cell tropism predicts long-term nucleotide substitution rates of mammalian RNA viruses
Creators: name: Hicks, Allison
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The high rates of RNA virus evolution are generally attributed to replication with error-prone RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. However, these long-term nucleotide substitution rates span three orders of magnitude and do not correlate well with mutation rates or selection pressures. This substitution rate variation may be explained by differences in virus ecology or intrinsic genomic properties. We generated long-term nucleotide substitution rate estimates for mammalian RNA viruses and compiled comparable published rates, yielding a dataset of 118 substitution rates of structural genes from 51 different species, as well as 40 rates of non-structural genes from 28 species. Through multiple regression analyses, we evaluated the relationships between these rates and four ecological factors: target cell, transmission route, host range, infection duration; and three genomic properties: genome length, genome sense, genome segmentation. Of these seven factors, we found target cells to be the only significant predictors of viral substitution rates, with tropisms for epithelial cells (P<2x10-5 for the structural genes) or neurons (P<3x10-& and P<0.01 for the structural genes and non-structural genes, respectively) as the most significant predictors. Further, one-tailed t-tests showed that viruses primarily infecting epithelial cells evolve significantly faster than neurotropic viruses (P=1.83x10-10 and P=6.30x10-4 for the structural genes and non-structural genes, respectively). These results provide strong evidence that the fastest evolving mammalian RNA viruses infect cells with the highest turnover rates: the highly proliferative epithelial cells. Estimated viral generation times suggest that epithelial-infecting viruses replicate more quickly than viruses with different cell tropisms. Our results indicate that cell tropism is a key factor in viral evolvability.
Physiomorphus rufolineatus Pollock, Ide 2000
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Mycteridae
Physiomorphus
Physiomorphus rufolineatus

description: Physiomorphus rufolineatus Pollock, Ide & Costa, 2000
Pollock, Ide & Costa, 2000:2227, figs 32, 49, 50, 56, 69.
Paratype ♂, BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul: Cambará do Sul, 25.XI.1993, E. H. Buckup col. (MCNZ 155.024).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on page 462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Additional file 2: of Effectiveness of interventions during NICU hospitalization on the neurodevelopment of preterm infants: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Aita, Marilyn
name: Stremler, Robyn
name: Feeley, Nancy
name: Lavallée, Andréane
name: Clifford-Faugère, Gwenaëlle De
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: MEDLINE search strategy. (PDF 181 kb)
GIS spatial analysis of FxJj20 AB, Koobi Fora, Kenya, with implications on modern behavior and fire control
Creators: name: Hlubik, Sarah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Spatial analysis studies can shed light on questions of behavior.  Using ethnoarchaeological examples of the patterns that behaviors leave behind can provide insight into the behaviors of the remote past.  An example of this is the use of ‘toss and drop’ zones by the researchers at Gesher Benot Ya’akov, in Israel.  This work demonstrated that hearth activities were distinguishable through the behavioral signatures of the hominins living in the area, namely that smaller materials are found closer to hearth areas, whereas larger materials are removed from the locus of activity, and these areas can be distinguished on sites through the use of size classification and spatial location.    The question of when human ancestors first began to use fire has been debated for more than three decades.  The issue is contentious because of the ephemeral nature of fire and its prevalence in the natural world.  Research, particularly in Europe indicates that fire may not have been a cultural tool until half a million years ago, but African evidence suggests a much earlier date of 1.6 million years ago.    The current study applies the logic of spatial analysis to the site of FxJj20 AB, in Koobi Fora, Kenya, to help answer the question of when humans gained control over fire.  The site in question is minimally disturbed by water or wind acting directly on the materials within the site, and preserves the location of many pieces of lithic material. The lithics found on the site were classified as either micro-artifacts or macro-artifacts, depending on their size, and then the entire site was analyzed to determine if and where clusters of materials form.  The clusters were analyzed for size, and a profile was created of where larger and smaller materials are found on the site.   The site is known for the presence of discolored, reddened clasts of earth.  On neighboring sites, these reddened clasts are found in large consolidated patches, but at FxJj20 AB, these clasts are found scattered throughout the excavation.  The location of these clasts is also analyzed as part of the research to determine if they can be used as an indicator of potential hearth sites.    The lithic material is found to cluster with smaller materials being found primarily in northeastern corner of the excavated area.  Larger materials are found in the western and southwestern portions of the site.  The southeastern portion of the site remains largely unexcavated.  The discolored earth clusters in the northeastern portion of the site, between the two large clusters of micro-artifacts identified there.  This configuration suggests a possible hearth area and suggests that the pattern of ‘toss and drop’ zones is found in the remote past.
Additional file 2: of Modulating the catalytic activity of AMPK has neuroprotective effects against α-synuclein toxicity
Creators: name: Bobela, Wojciech
name: Nazeeruddin, Sameer
name: Knott, Graham
name: Aebischer, Patrick
name: Schneider, Bernard
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. Levels of phospho-ACC in HEK293T cells overexpressing AMPKα. (PDF 352 kb)
Megalopidae Jordan & Gilbert 1883
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
name: Betts, Joel T.
name: González-Alemán, Néstor J.
name: Castañeda, Edgar
name: Berghe, Eric Van Den
name: Elías, Diego J.
name: Mcmahan, Caleb D.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elopiformes
Megalopidae

description: Family Megalopidae Jordan & Gilbert 1883 (Fig. 2G). Tarpons; Sábalos, Tarpones
Description: Body oblong but elongate, strongly compressed; head short, deep, with the profile straight above and convex below; up to 240 cm in length; mouth large, oblique, opening above, lower jaw projecting; scales very large, smooth; a single dorsal fin, with 13–21 rays, the last ray elongated; pelvic-fin rays 10 or 11; anal-fin rays usually 22–29; caudal fin strongly forked; silvery in color (Robertson & Allen 2015, Nelson et al. 2016). Distribution: Mainly marine but enters freshwaters; tropical and subtropical oceans (Nelson et al. 2016). One genus and one species in Nicaraguan freshwaters.
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 5376 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5376.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10208788
Additional file 12: Table S1. of Genetic dissection of Sharka disease tolerance in peach (P. persica L. Batsch)
Creators: name: Cirilli, Marco
name: Rossini, Laura
name: Geuna, Filippo
name: Palmisano, Francesco
name: Angelantonio Minafra
name: CastrignanĂ˛, Tiziana
name: Gattolin, Stefano
name: Ciacciulli, Angelo
name: Babini, Anna
name: Liverani, Alessandro
name: Bassi, Daniele
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: List of candidate genes identified on the chromosome 3 region associated to the SNP_IGA_366639 (from 26.2 to 26.5Â Mb) (DOCX 10 kb)
Evaluating fungicide efficacy, plant varietal resistance and leaf morphology in developing control strategies for basil downy mildew (Peronospora Belbahrii)
Creators: name: Homa, Kathryn
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is the most economically-important culinary herb in the U.S.  Recently, a new disease, basil downy mildew (BDM) caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora belbahrii, was introduced into the U.S. and has caused significant losses in commercial basil production.  BDM was first reported in October, 200& in Florida.  Since then, the pathogen has spread across the country, most likely via infested seed and weather patterns.   In 2010 and 2011, biological and conventional fungicides were evaluated for the control of BDM using cv. ‘Italian Large Leaf’ basil.  In each year, only K-Phite (phosphorous acid, FRAC code 33) provided the best level of disease control.  In 2010 and 2011, Ocimum species and varieties including sweet, cinnamon, Thai, citrus, spice and holy basils were evaluated for susceptibility to BDM.  In both years, sweet basils were determined to be the most susceptible; cinnamon, clove and Thai types were moderately susceptible; and citrus, spice and holy types were least susceptible to BDM.  Stomata length and density were measured on 20 basil species and varieties in 2011.  In general, basil species with higher stomatal densities had higher downy mildew incidence.  High densities were mainly found in the sweet, cinnamon and clove basils.  Species with longer stomatal lengths (the citrus and spice types) generally exhibited lower downy mildew incidence.  Holy basil, the least susceptible of all Ocimum spp. evaluated in this study, had the greatest stomatal density and shortest stomatal length.  Leaf curvature was measured on 20 basil species and varieties.  Some sweet basil varieties with the highest mean BDM incidence also had the greatest downward leaf curvature, while other sweet basil varieties with moderate mean downy mildew incidence had leaves that were nearly flat or curved upward.  Holy, citrus and spice basils with low mean BDM incidence had leaves that were nearly flat or curved upward.  This suggests that leaf curvature may have a greater impact on sweet basil susceptibility and that other factors contribute to the plant’s relative susceptibility.  These leaf characteristics contributing to reduced incidence may be useful in breeding for BDM resistance.
Agacephala margaridae Alvarenga 1958
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Agacephala
Agacephala margaridae

description: Agacephala margaridae Alvarenga, 1958
Alvarenga, 1958:48, figs 1–17.
Paratypes: ♂, BRAZIL, Pará: Cachimbo (09°27’S, 54°54’W), X.1956, O. Travassos, Oliveira & Adão col. (MCNZ 22.915); ♀, X.1955, Pe. Pereira col. (MCNZ 22.916).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on pages 462-463, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Switch languages
Creators: name: Houghton, Paula
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The term 'switch language' refers to a language which uses both iambs and trochees productively.  Switch languages are often assumed not to exist, since the surface stress pattern is not distinct from a non-switch language.  This dissertation argues that switch languages are both an empirical reality and an entailed theoretical consequence of Optimality Theory.    Empirical reality:  Yidiny and Wargamay are two switch languages with independent evidence for their switch footing; crucially, each has a regular process of lengthening stressed vowels when the feet are iambic but not when they are trochaic.  In support of this claim, the dissertation also argues that this kind of vowel lengthening never occurs in trochaic languages.  Trochaic languages which have been previously claimed to have regular lengthening of stressed vowels, such as Mohawk and Chimalapa Zoque, are shown to actually lengthen vowels for word or foot minimality.    Theoretical consequence:  The presence of alignment, rhythm, and parsing constraints in Con entails the existence of switch languages.  As long as there is some constraint that cares whether there is a foot at the beginning of the word or not, this constraint -- along with a rhythm constraint and a parsing constraint -- is sufficient for the typology to include switch languages.  Various alternate definitions of alignment constraints are explored in the dissertation, but the conclusion is that any true alignment constraint predicts the existence of a switch language.      This dissertation illustrates the connection between a theoretical consequence of OT and an attested phenomenon in Yidiny and Wargamay.  Switch languages are an entailed consequence of Optimality Theory whenever the constraint set includes alignment, rhythm, and parsing constraints; Yidiny and Wargamay are just such languages, as confirmed by independent evidence including vowel lengthening.  Because parallel OT optimizes over complete forms instead of making extremely local decisions, global patterns like lapselessness are rewarded, leading to word-level footing decisions.  Many theories of prosody include these essential components; OT compels them to interact in the right way.
A language "burning and God-given"
Creators: name: Howard, Kathleen Mary
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: My dissertation describes how religious ideas shaped aesthetic innovation in popular American literature from the early national moral novel to racial uplift fiction. Nineteenth-century writing, particularly fiction, was shaped by conflicting pressures, including historicism (the belief that history reflected social forces rather than divine intentions), romanticism (which celebrated artistic originality), and the resurgence of evangelical religion. As a result, I argue, traditional religious ideas about writing as a revelation of the divine in art persevered well into the century, shaping genres that simultaneously responded to growing interest in historicism and aesthetic ingenuity. I trace the adaptations that evolved in this context as contemporaries transformed mimetic fiction and autobiography—genres grounded in historical representation—into new forms with avowedly religious and even doctrinal ambitions: moral novels, tract tales, Christian best sellers, slave narratives, and didactic tales about slavery. Describing how these works converted the aesthetic form and historical matter of fiction and autobiography into vehicles for spiritual and moral ideals, my dissertation reveals the religious dimension of modern literature’s evolution in America.                 In describing religion’s importance to American literature, I characterize modernity as a site of epistemological contestation rather than religious recedence. Drawing on recent criticism that has broken with traditional secularization theory, which proposed the diminishment and privatization of religion as a feature of the modern era, my project understands modernity as a proliferation of epistemologies that spoke imperfectly to one another. Combining this definition with narrative theory, book history, and reader-response criticism, I describe the generic adaptations that marked religion’s encounter with modern historicism and aesthetic theory. Chapters one and two argue that fiction was used for moral purposes, conceived as an alternative to doctrine, in the early national moral novel, and for evangelical ends in antebellum tract tales. In chapters three and four I explain how best selling Christian novels and slave narratives grappled with contemporary political problems, transforming history into an autonomous source of meaning rather than the sign of God’s will. Describing antebellum literature’s underappreciated literariness—its combination of the reflexive form and historical matter of modern literature with religious and moral ideas—my project illuminates modernity’s complex debt not only to historicism and theories of aesthetics, but also to older and still influential ideas of incarnational art.
Anomiopus alexandrei Canhedo 2006
Creators: name: Groll, Elisa Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Anomiopus
Anomiopus alexandrei

description: Anomiopus alexandrei Canhedo, 2006
Canhedo, 2006:434, figs 431–443,793.
Holotype ♂, BRAZIL, Roraima: Ilha de Maracá (ilha fluvial do Rio Uraricuera), 1–20.II.1992, A. Bonaldo col. (MCNZ 150.859).
description: Published as part of Groll, Elisa Von, 2017, Catalogue of Coleoptera type specimens housed in the collection of the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, pp. 439-473 in Zootaxa 4318 (3) on page 463, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/887750
Allene synthesis, oxidation and complex molecule synthesis
Creators: name: Hu, Gaojie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: Disclosed are studies in allene methodology, total synthesis and computational modeling. These include (1) an efficient approach to synthesize highly functionalized allenes stereospecifically; (2) the first catalytic stereoselective allene oxidation method using iminium salts to give synthetically useful furan/pyran building blocks; (3) a unified and concise route towards the total syntheses of withanolides; (4) a new mechanistic theory to understand face selectivity; and (5) a structural revision of brosimum allene.
Additional file 3: of Modulating the catalytic activity of AMPK has neuroprotective effects against α-synuclein toxicity
Creators: name: Bobela, Wojciech
name: Nazeeruddin, Sameer
name: Knott, Graham
name: Aebischer, Patrick
name: Schneider, Bernard
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology

description: Figure S2. Levels of AMPKα1 and α2 transcripts in primary mouse cortical neurons and in the rat SN. (PDF 855 kb)