cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observational constraints on the merger history of galaxies since $z\approx6$: Probabilistic galaxy pair counts in the CANDELS fields
Creators: name: Duncan, Kenneth
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Mundy, Carl
name: Bell, Eric
name: Donley, Jennifer
name: Galametz, Audrey
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan
name: Kocevski, Dale
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Mantha, Kameswara B.
name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Stefanon, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy mergers are expected to have a significant role in the mass assembly of galaxies in the early Universe, but there are very few observational constraints on the merger history of galaxies at $z>2$. We present the first study of galaxy major mergers (mass ratios $>$ 1:4) in mass-selected samples out to $z\approx6$. Using all five fields of the HST/CANDELS survey and a probabilistic pair count methodology that incorporates the full photometric redshift posteriors and corrections for stellar mass completeness, we measure galaxy pair-counts for projected separations between 5 and 30 kpc in stellar mass selected samples at $9.7 < \log_{10}(\rm{M}_{*}/\rm{M}_{\odot}) < 10.3$ and $\log_{10}(\rm{M}_{*}/\rm{M}_{\odot}) > 10.3$. We find that the major merger pair fraction rises with redshift to $z\approx6$ proportional to $(1+z)^{m}$, with $m = 0.8\pm0.2$ ($m = 1.8\pm0.2$) for $\log_{10}(\rm{M}_{*} / \rm{M}_{\odot}) > 10.3$ ($9.7 < \log_{10}(\rm{M}_{*}/\rm{M}_{\odot}) < 10.3$). Investigating the pair fraction as a function of mass ratio between 1:20 and 1:1, we find no evidence for a strong evolution in the relative numbers of minor to major mergers out to $z<3$. Using evolving merger timescales we find that the merger rate per galaxy ($\mathcal{R}$) rises rapidly from $0.07\pm 0.01$ Gyr$^{-1}$ at $z < 1$ to $7.6\pm 2.7$ Gyr$^{-1}$ at $z = 6$ for galaxies at $\log_{10}(\rm{M}_{*}/\rm{M}_{\odot}) > 10.3$. The corresponding co-moving major merger rate density remains roughly constant during this time, with rates of $Γ\approx 10^{-4}$ Gyr$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-3}$. Based on the observed merger rates per galaxy, we infer specific mass accretion rates from major mergers that are comparable to the specific star-formation rates for the same mass galaxies at $z>3$ - observational evidence that mergers are as important a mechanism for building up mass at high redshift as in-situ star-formation.
description: 36 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1: of The impact of adverse events on health-related quality of life among patients receiving treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa
Creators: name: Tembeka Sineke
name: Evans, Denise
name: Schnippel, Kathryn
name: Aswegen, Heleen
name: Berhanu, Rebecca
name: Nozipho Musakwa
name: Lรถnnmark, Elisabet
name: Long, Lawrence
name: Rosen, Sydney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Summary of approaches used to score the SF-36. (DOCX 16 kb)
Limited Liability Multilateralism: The American Military, Armed Intervention, and IOs
Creators: Recchia, Stefano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Intervention (International law)
subject: United Nations
subject: United Nations. Security Council
subject: International law
subject: Armed Forces
subject: International relations
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

description: Under what conditions and for what reasons do American leaders seek the endorsement of relevant international organizations (IOs) such as the UN or NATO for prospective military interventions? My central hypothesis is that U.S. government efforts to obtain IO approval for prospective interventions are frequently the result of significant bureaucratic deliberations and bargaining between hawkish policy leaders who emphasize the likely positive payoffs of a prompt use of force, on the one side, and skeptical officials--with the top military brass and war veterans in senior policy positions at the forefront--who highlight its potential downsides and long-term costs, on the other. The military leaders--the chairman and vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), the regional combatant commanders, and senior planners on the Joint Staff in Washington--are generally skeptical of humanitarian and other "idealist" interventions that aim to change the domestic politics of foreign countries; they naturally tend to consider all the potential downsides of intervention, given their operational focus; and they usually worry more than activist civilian policy officials about public and congressional support for protracted engagements. Assuming that the military leaders are not merely stooges of the civilian leadership, they are at first likely to altogether resist a prospective intervention, when they believe that no vital American interests are at stake and fear an open-ended deployment of U.S. troops. Given the military's professional expertise and their standing in American society, they come close to holding a de facto veto over prospective interventions they clearly oppose. I hypothesize that confronted with such great initial reluctance or opposition on the part of the military brass, civilian advocates of intervention from other government agencies will seek inter alia to obtain an advance endorsement from relevant IOs, so as to lock in international support and thereby reassure the military and their bureaucratic allies that the long-term costs to the United States in terms of postwar peacekeeping and stabilization will be limited. That, in turn, can be expected to help forge a winning bureaucratic coalition in Washington and persuade the president to authorize military action. United States multilateralism for military interventions is thus often a genuine policy resultant--the outcome of sustained bureaucratic deliberations and bargaining--and it may not actually reflect the initial preferences of any particular government agency or senior official.
Stationary Strings and Principal Killing Triads in 2+1 Gravity
Creators: name: Frolov, V.
name: Hendy, S.
name: Larsen, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new tool for the investigation of 2+1 dimensional gravity is proposed. It is shown that in a stationary 2+1 dimensional spacetime, the eigenvectors of the covariant derivative of the timelike Killing vector form a rigid structure, the {\it principal Killing triad}. Two of the triad vectors are null, and in many respects they play the role similar to the principal null directions in the algebraically special 4-D spacetimes. It is demonstrated that the principal Killing triad can be efficiently used for classification and study of stationary 2+1 spacetimes. One of the most interesting applications is a study of minimal surfaces in a stationary spacetime. A {\it principal Killing surface} is defined as a surface formed by Killing trajectories passing through a null ray, which is tangent to one of the null vectors of the principal Killing triad. We prove that a principal Killing surface is minimal if and only if the corresponding null vector is geodesic. Furthermore, we prove that if the 2+1 dimensional spacetime contains a static limit, then the only regular stationary timelike minimal 2-surfaces that cross the static limit, are the minimal principal Killing surfaces. A timelike minimal surface is a solution to the Nambu-Goto equations of motion and hence it describes a cosmic string configuration. A stationary string interacting with a 2+1 dimensional rotating black hole is discussed in detail.
description: 28 pages, Latex. More references included
On the existence of static spherically-symmetric objects in action-dependent Lagrangian theories
Creators: name: Fabris, Julio C.
name: Velten, Hermano
name: Wojnar, Aneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static symmetric solutions in the context of a gravitational theory based on a action-dependent Lagrangian. Such theory has been designed as a setup to implement dissipative effects into the traditional principle of least action. Dissipation appears therefore from the first principles and has a purely geometric origin. An interesting feature of this theory is the existence of a coupling four-vector $λ_μ$, which in an expanding background is related to cosmological bulk viscosity. General Relativity is recovered with a vanishing $λ_μ$. We analyse the existence of equilibrium solutions of static configurations aiming to describe astrophysical objects. We find out that the existence of static spherically symmetric configurations occurs only in the particular scenario with vanishing $λ_t$, $λ_r$ and $λ_ϕ$ components i.e, $λ_μ=\{0,0,λ_θ,0\}$. Thus, the component $λ_θ$ is the unique available parameter of the theory in the astrophysical context. This result severely constrains the existence of this sort of gravitational theories. We proceed then verifying the impact of $λ_θ$ on the stability and the mass-radius configurations for a reasonable equation of state for the cold dense matter inside compact stars. We further investigate the relativistic spherical collapse in order to track the structure of geometrical singularities appearing in the theory.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
MOESM1 of Positive psychological well-being predicts lower severe pain in the general population: a 2-year follow-up study of the SwePain cohort
Creators: name: Larsson, Britt
name: Dragioti, Elena
name: Bjรถrn Gerdle
name: Bjรถrk, Jonas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. STROBE Statement.
Limited Right to City: The Changing Meaning of Public Space
Creators: Jain, Priyanka
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: City planning
Public spaces--Planning
Marginality, Social
Public spaces--Law and legislation
Day laborers
Homeless persons

description: The central question of this thesis, as the title indicates, is to question the changing meaning of public space. But, it also about measuring the constitutive role of regulations embedded in the property of public space in the functioning of marginal groups. I believe that the former is connected to the latter. The people whose rights are adversely affected by regulations around public property are marginal groups (homeless, day laborers, etc.). The changes in urban planning practices that expand the opportunities and functioning of marginal groups can thus be one of the major forces in reducing the systematic deprivation of these groups. Through the case of Homeless "Agency" and Day labor "Agency," I will examine the evidence that exemplifies cooperative approach of organization in public space rather than coercive.
Dynamics of Megaelectron Volt Electrons Observed in the Inner Belt by PROBA-V/EPT
Creators: name: Pierrard, Viviane
name: Rosson, Graciela Lopez
name: Botek, Edith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the observations of the EPT (Energetic Particle Telescope) onboard the satellite PROBA-V we study the dynamics of inner and outer belt electrons from 500 keV to 8 MeV during quiet periods and geomagnetic storms. This high time-resolution (2 sec) spectrometer operating at the altitude of 820 km on a low polar orbit is providing continuously valuable electrons fluxes for already 5 years. We emphasize especially that some MeV electrons are observed in low quantities in the inner belt, even during periods when they are not observed by Van Allen Probe (VAP). We show that they are not due to proton contamination but to clear injections of particles from the outer belt during strong geomagnetic storms of March and June 2015, and September 2017. Electrons with lower energy are injected also during less strong storms and the L-shell of the electron flux peak in the outer belt shifts inward with a high dependence on the electron energy. With the new high resolution EPT instrument, we can study the dynamics of relativistic electrons, including MeV electrons in the inner radiation belt, revealing how and when such electrons are injected into the inner belt and how long they reside there before being scattered into the Earth's atmosphere or lost by other mechanisms.
HyperDimensional Computing (HDP/UPU): The Next Frontier in Computer Science
Creators: name: Billions, Ava
name: Knight, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

This paper introduces HyperDimensional Computing and the HyperDimensional Processor/Universal Processing Unit (HDP/UPU) architecture, a revolutionary computing paradigm poised to redefine the boundaries of artificial intelligence, cognitive computing, and general-purpose computation. By transcending the limitations of traditional binary systems, the HDP/UPU unlocks the potential of multi-dimensional processing with googol-scale capacity. This leap forward is achieved through innovative design principles, including googol-scale registers, a hexacore arrangement of HyperDimensional Processor (HDP) cores, and the dynamic integration of binary, quantum, and multi-dimensional data representation modes. The HDP/UPU architecture is further enhanced by the DataCrusher technology, enabling efficient data compression and retrieval, and the Neural-Matrix Synaptic Resonance Networks (NM-SRNs), providing a self-managing and adaptive AI-Controller for optimal system performance. This paper explores the core principles, design features, and potential applications of the HDP/UPU, illuminating its transformative impact on various fields and its promise for a brighter future.
Chaos and Interacting Electrons in Ballistic Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Ullmo, D.
name: Baranger, H. U.
name: Richter, K.
name: von Oppen, F.
name: Jalabert, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the classical dynamics of independent particles can determine the quantum properties of interacting electrons in the ballistic regime. This connection is established using diagrammatic perturbation theory and semiclassical finite-temperature Green functions. Specifically, the orbital magnetism is greatly enhanced over the Landau susceptibility by the combined effects of interactions and finite size. The presence of families of periodic orbits in regular systems makes their susceptibility parametrically larger than that of chaotic systems, a difference which emerges from correlation terms.
description: 4 pages, revtex, includes 3 postscript figs
Lincoln Center: A Case Study Resolving the Conflict Between Preservation, Maintenance and Redevelopment of the American Postwar Performing Arts Center
Creators: Dietrich, Gregory Gilbert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Historic preservation
subject: Cultural property--Protection
subject: Architecture, Modern--Conservation and restoration
subject: Regional planning
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Using Lincoln Center as its primary case study, this thesis explores how conflicts between preservation, maintenance and redevelopment of the American postwar performing arts center can be reconciled. Confronted with the prospect of significant alterations and new construction, it investigates ways of preserving character-defining elements of cultural centers while employing an expanded criterion based on utility and intent. Using existing regulatory mechanisms previously enacted by federal and state legislation, it demonstrates how the American postwar performing arts center can be protected as an historic resource, the extent to which program justifies change, and alternately, the ways in which change can be introduced without compromising overall significance.
When topological derivatives met regularized Gauss-Newton iterations in holographic 3D imaging
Creators: name: Carpio, A.
name: Dimiduk, T. G.
name: Louer, F. Le
name: Rapun, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose an automatic algorithm for 3D inverse electromagnetic scattering based on the combination of topological derivatives and regularized Gauss-Newton iterations. The algorithm is adapted to decoding digital holograms. A hologram is a two-dimensional light interference pattern that encodes information about three-dimensional shapes and their optical properties. The formation of the hologram is modeled using Maxwell theory for light scattering by particles. We then seek shapes optimizing error functionals which measure the deviation from the recorded holograms. Their topological derivatives provide initial guesses of the objects. Next, we correct these predictions by regularized Gauss-Newton techniques. In contrast to standard Gauss-Newton methods, in our implementation the number of objects can be automatically updated during the iterative procedure by new topological derivative computations. We show that the combined use of topological derivative based optimization and iteratively regularized Gauss-Newton methods produces fast and accurate descriptions of the geometry of objects formed by multiple components with nanoscale resolution, even for a small number of detectors and non convex components aligned in the incidence direction. The method could be applied in general imaging set-ups involving other waves (microwave imaging, elastography...) provided closed-form expressions for the topological and Frechet derivatives are determined.
Limiting Properties of Certain Geometric Flows in Complex Geometry
Creators: Jacob, Adam Joshua
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this thesis, we study convergence results of certain non-linear geometric flows on vector bundles over complex manifolds. First we consider the case of a semi-stable vector bundle E over a compact Kahler manifold X of arbitrary dimension. We show that in this case Donaldson's functional is bounded from below. This allows us to construct an approximate Hermitian-Einstein structure on E along the Donaldson heat flow, generalizing a classic result of Kobayashi for projective manifolds to the Kahler case. Next we turn to general unstable bundles. We show that along a solution of the Yang-Mills flow, the trace of the curvature approaches in L2 an endomorphism with constant eigenvalues given by the slopes of the quotients from the Harder-Narasimhan filtration of E. This proves a sharp lower bound for the Hermitian-Yang-Mills functional and thus the Yang-Mills functional, generalizing to arbitrary dimension a formula of Atiyah and Bott first proven on Riemann surfaces. Furthermore, we show any reflexive extension to all of X of the limiting bundle is isomorphic to the double dual of the graded quotients from the Harder-Narasimhan-Seshadri filtration, verifying a conjecture of Bando and Siu. Our work on semi-stable bundles plays an important part of this result. For the final section of this thesis, we show that, in the case where X is an arbitrary Hermitian manifold equipped with a Gauduchon metric, given a stable Higgs bundle the Donaldson heat flow converges along a subsequence of times to a Hermitian-Einstein connection. This allows us to extend to the non-Kahler case the correspondence between stable Higgs bundles and (possibly) non-unitary Hermitian-Einstein connections first proven by Simpson on Kahler manifolds.
title: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 20. Band 1871
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Grubert
Year: 1871
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 1. 1852 - 22. 1873: herausgegeben von Georg Christoph Wittstein, vol. 20.1871
"Classical" flag varieties for quantum groups: the standard quantum SL(n,C)
Creators: name: Ohn, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20G42; Secondary 14M15, 16S38, 17B37

description: We suggest a possible programme to associate geometric "flag-like" data to an arbitrary simple quantum group, in the spirit of the noncommutative algebraic geometry developed by Artin, Tate, and Van den Bergh. We then carry out this programme for the standard quantum SL(n) of Drinfel'd and Jimbo, where the varieties involved are certain T-stable subvarieties of the (ordinary) flag variety.
description: 27 pages; needs LaTeX2e, AMS-LaTeX, XY-pic, and PSTricks (v2: several minor corrections)
Reducing surface hazards and minimizing environmental disturbance at the Aurora-Guindon Mine in south eastern B.C.
Creators: name: Quesnel, Jamie L.
name: Dufresne, Andre H.
name: Rosentreter, Rieva L.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There are numerous mine sites across Canada and throughout the world that are considered inactive. Falconbridge Limited (Falconbridge) has developed a method of property management to reclaim such sites. The process involves a property assessment with the objective of determining the best-fit reclamation solution based on social, technical and economical realities, which can then be implemented. This management tool has been proven as an effective method for the company, to meet the regulatory requirements for reclamation and closure. This approach to inactive property management was applied to the historic Aurora-Guindon mine. Lakefield Research Limited (LRL) conducted the site assessment on behalf of Falconbridge in 1995, characterizing waste dump materials and water quality. Based on this assessment, a reclamation proposal for the property was submitted to the BC Ministry of Energy and Mines (BCMEM) for approval. Reclamation work was conducted on the property in August of 1998, and two post-construction sampling events have taken place to monitor the effect on water quality. This paper and presentation will exhibit the cooperation between government, industry and consultants to determine the best reclamation option for an inactive property.
Limits to Arbitrage and Commodity Index Investment
Creators: Mou, Yiqun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Finance

description: The dramatic growth of commodity index investment over the last decade has caused a heated debate regarding its impact on commodity prices among legislators, practitioners and academics. This paper focuses on the unique rolling activity of commodity index investors in the commodity futures markets and shows that the price impact due to this rolling activity is both statistically and economically significant. Two simple trading strategies, devised to exploit this market anomaly, yielded excess returns with positive skewness and annual Sharpe ratios as high as 4.4 in the period January 2000 to March 2010. The profitability of these trading strategies is decreasing in the amount of arbitrage capital employed in the futures markets and increasing in the size of index funds' investment relative to the total size of futures markets. Due to the price impact, index investors forwent on average 3.6\% annual return, a 48\% higher Sharpe ratio of the return, and billions of dollars over this period.
Is multiplexed off-axis holography for quantitative phase imaging more spatial bandwidth-efficient than on-axis holography?
Creators: name: Dardikman, Gili
name: Shaked, Natan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Digital holographic microcopy is a thriving imaging modality that attracts considerable research interest due to its ability to not only create excellent label-free contrast, but also supply valuable physical information regarding the density and dimensions of the sample with nanometer-scale axial sensitivity. Three basic holographic recording geometries currently exist, including on-axis, off-axis and slightly off-axis holography, each of them enabling a variety of architectures in terms of bandwidth use and compression capacity. Specifically, off-axis holography and slightly off-axis holography allow spatial hologram multiplexing, enabling compressing more information into the same digital hologram. In this paper, we define an efficiency score used to analyze the various possible architectures, and compare the signal-to-noise ratio and mean squared error obtained using each of them, determining the optimal holographic method.
Quantum correlations near the exceptional point
Creators: name: Cao, Wanxia
name: Lu, Xingda
name: Meng, Xin
name: Sun, Jian
name: Shen, Heng
name: Xiao, Yanhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in non-Hermitian physical systems have led to numerous novel optical phenomena and applications. However, most realizations are limited to classical systems and quantum fluctuations of light is unexplored. For the first time, we report the observation of quantum correlations between light channels in an anti-symmetric optical system made of flying atoms. Two distant optical channels coupled dissipatively, display gain, phase sensitivity and quantum correlations with each other, even under linear atom-light interaction within each channel. We found that quantum correlations emerge in the phase unbroken regime and disappears after crossing the exceptional point. Our microscopic model considering quantum noise evolution produces results in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations. This work opens up a new direction of experimental quantum nonlinear optics using non-Hermitian systems, and demonstrates the viability of nonlinear coupling with linear systems by using atomic motion as feedback.
Complete achromatic and robustness electro-optic switch between two integrated optical waveguides
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Kyoseva, Elica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a novel design of electro-optic modulator and optical switching device, based on current integrated optics technique. The advantages of our optical switching device are broadband of input light wavelength, robustness against varying device length and operation voltages, with reference to previous design. Conforming to our results of previous paper [Huang et al, phys. lett. a, 90, 053837], the coupling of the waveguides has a hyperbolic-secant shape. while detuning has a sign flip at maximum coupling, we called it as with a sign flip of phase mismatch model. The a sign flip of phase mismatch model can produce complete robust population transfer. In this paper, we enhance this device to switch light intensity controllable, by tuning external electric field based on electro-optic effect.
Additional file 1 of Tackling global health security by building an academic community for One Health action
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Xi
name: Li, Xin-Chen
name: Zhang, Qi-Yu
name: Liu, Jing-Shu
name: Han, Le-Fei
name: Lederman, Zohar
name: Schurer, Janna M.
name: Poeta, Patrícia
name: Rahman, Md. Tanvir
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Kassegne, Kokouvi
name: Yin, Kun
name: Zhu, Yong-Zhang
name: Xia, Shang
name: He, Lu
name: Hu, Qin-Qin
name: Xiu, Le-Shan
name: Xue, Jing-Bo
name: Zhao, Han-Qing
name: Wang, Xi-Han
name: Wu, Logan
name: Guo, Xiao-Kui
name: Wang, Zhao-Jun
name: Schwartländer, Bernhard
name: Ren, Ming-Hui
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The list of geographic distributions and research areas of Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) members of the proposed academic community
Contraints on Matter from Asymptotic Safety
Creators: name: Percacci, Roberto
name: Perini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of the ultraviolet behaviour of pure gravity suggest that it admits a non-Gaussian attractive fixed point, and therefore that the theory is asymptotically safe. We consider the effect on this fixed point of massless minimally coupled matter fields. The existence of a UV attractive fixed point puts bounds on the type and number of such fields.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revtex4; introduction expanded
Additional file 1: of Gout, flares, and allopurinol use: a population-based study
Creators: name: Proudman, Charlotte
name: Lester, Susan
name: Gonzalez-Chica, David
name: Gill, Tiffany
name: Dalbeth, Nicola
name: Hill, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Sociodemographic variables as predictors of gout. Analysis was performed by survey-weighted logistic regression, and coefficients represent log-odds ratios. Table S2. Prevalence of gout by gender, age, and BMI. Table S3. Prevalence of gout % (95%CI) by age Ă gender. Table S4. Sociodemographic variables as predictors of allopurinol use (within gout participants). Analysis was performed by survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression, and coefficients represent log-odds ratios. Table S5. Sociodemographic variables and allopurinol use as predictors of the number of gout flares in the preceding year (within gout participants). Analysis was performed by survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression, and coefficients represent log-odds ratios. (PDF 139 kb)
Quantum anti-Zeno effect
Creators: name: Kaulakys, B.
name: Gontis, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prevention of a quantum system's time evolution by repetitive, frequent measurements of the system's state has been called the quantum Zeno effect (or paradox). Here we investigate theoretically and numerically the effect of repeated measurements on the quantum dynamics of the multilevel systems that exhibit the quantum localization of the classical chaos. The analysis is based on the wave function and Schroedinger equation, without introduction of the density matrix. We show how the quantum Zeno effect in simple few-level systems can be recovered and understood by formal modeling the measurement effect on the dynamics by randomizing the phases of the measured states. Further the similar analysis is extended to investigate of the dynamics of multilevel systems driven by an intense external force and affected by frequent measurement. We show that frequent measurements of such quantum systems results in the delocalization of the quantum suppression of the classical chaos. This result is the opposite of the quantum Zeno effect. The phenomenon of delocalization of the quantum suppression and restoration of the classical-like time evolution of these quasiclassical systems, owing to repetitive frequent measurements, can therefore be called the 'quantum anti-Zeno effect'. From this analysis we furthermore conclude that frequently or continuously observable quasiclassical systems evolve basically in a classical manner.
description: 12 pages with 2 figures
Linear Verticalities: Structural symbiosis among chromatic and microtonal aggregations in Georges Aperghis' Contretemps AND les instances (2019) for diffused, synthesized sounds and large ensemble
Creators: Dimou, Stylianos
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Musical composition
Music theory
Harmonic analysis (Music)
Musical intervals and scales

description: This dissertation aims to shed light on aspects of harmonic construction in Georges Aperghis' Contretemps, a twenty-minute composition for soprano and large ensemble. The foundation of this analysis is the hypothesis that the piece is governed by emblematic intervallic aggregations while their linear and vertical hypostases are inextricably intertwined with each other, formulating global axioms for the harmonic construction of the piece. Through a series of reductions and prolongational analyses, the research explores the role of the linear pitch aggregations articulated in various instrumental combinations. This analysis uses Allen Forte's pitch-class set theory for the representation of the intervallic structures, while 24-tone equal temperament (24-TET) serves as a point of reference in organizing the chromatic and microtonal pitch aggregations. The continual fusion of chromatic and microtonal entities forges a saturated soundscape with, sometimes, indiscernible chordal constructions. Multiple overlapping perspectives are possible concerning the global intervallic axioms that underline and determine distinct archetypes of chordal structures in the work.
Eigenvalue bounds for a class of singular potentials in N dimensions
Creators: name: Hall, Richard L.
name: Saad, Nasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalue bounds obtained earlier [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 31 (1998) 963] for smooth transformations of the form V(x) = g(x^2) + f(1/x^2) are extended to N-dimensions. In particular a simple formula is derived which bounds the eigenvalues for the spiked harmonic oscillator potential V(x) = x^2 + lambda/x^alpha, alpha > 0, lambda > 0, and is valid for all discrete eigenvalues, arbitrary angular momentum ell, and spatial dimension N.
description: 10 pages (plain tex with 2 ps figures). J.Phys.A:Math.Gen.(In Press)
title: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch für das Jahr 1844
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Meyer
Year: 1844
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Stadt Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch, vol. 1844
Relativistic quantum mechanics on the SL(2,R) spacetime
Creators: name: Fülöp, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger-type formalism of the Klein-Gordon quantum mechanics is adapted for the case of the $SL(2,\R)$ spacetime. The free particle case is solved, the results of a recent work are reproduced while all the other, topologically nontrivial solutions and the antiparticle modes are also found, and a deeper insight into the physical content of the theory is given.
description: version to appear in J. Math. Phys, 12 pages, LaTeX
Cement Catalyzed Valorization of Rice Straw into Upgraded Bio-Oil and Fuel Gases Using Pyrolysis Reactions
Creators: name: Uddin, Ikram
name: Wang, Guijin
name: Gao, Deyang
name: Li, Ning
name: Hussain, Zahid
name: Hou, Baolin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Rice straw is one of the major agricultural residues that is generated enormously in Asian countries. Thus, it is critical to develop an efficient process of converting this residue into valuable compounds in replacing fossil-based products. Herein, we developed an economically viable cement catalyst to pyrolyze the rice straw into bio-oil and fuel gas in a batch-type reactor. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum bio-oil yield of 41.07 wt.%, and gas yield of 30.53 wt.% along with a biochar yield of 28.41 wt.% is achieved at 600°C. The catalyst showed a considerable effect on the bio-oil composition. It improved hydrocarbons quantities while using the optimum cement dosage at 600°C, and enhanced H2 from 18.79% to 25.57. By further increasing the catalyst dosage to 15 wt.%, the H2 yield was enhanced to 28.35%. The BET specific surface area of char at the optimum temperature was 76.42 m2/g and fine pore size. Catalyst improved both the yield and quality of the bio-oil. The bio-oil quality was enhanced by lowering the oxygen contents to a smaller value as 7.0098% and no water at all.
A purely geometrical method of determining the location of a smartphone accelerometer
Creators: name: Larnder, Chris Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a paper ( posthumously ) co-authored by Isaac Newton himself, the primacy of geometric notions in pedagogical expositions of centripetal acceleration has been clearly asserted. In the present paper we demonstrate how this pedagogical prerogative can inform the design of an experiment involving an accelerometer-equipped smartphone rotating uniformly in a horizontal plane. Specifically, the location of the sensor itself within the body of the smartphone will be determined using a technique that is purely geometrical in nature, relying on nothing more than the notion that centripetal accelerations are centrally-pointing. The complete absence of algebraic manipulations obliges students to focus exclusively on the development of their geometrical reasoning abilities. In particular, it provides a healthy challenge for those algebraically-accomplished students for whom equations, calculations and data tables represent a means of avoiding a direct confrontation with the imposing spectre of material that is otherwise purely conceptual in nature.
description: accepted for publication in The Physics Teacher
Speciation as Pattern Formation by Competition in a Smooth Fitness Landscape
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Franco
name: Bezzi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the problem of speciation and coexistence in simple ecosystems when the competition among individuals is included in the Eigen model for quasi-species. By suggesting an analogy between the competition among strains and the diffusion of a chemical inhibitor in a reaction-diffusion system, the speciation phenomenon is considered the analogous of chemical pattern formation in genetic space. In the limit of vanishing mutation rate we obtain analytically the conditions for speciation. Using different forms of the competition interaction we show that the speciation is absent for the genetic equivalent of a normal diffusing inhibitor, and is present for shorter-range interactions. The comparison with numerical simulations is very good.
description: 12 pages RevTeX + 2 ps figures, submitted to prl
Linear Constraints in Optimal Transport
Creators: Stebegg, Florian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Martingales (Mathematics)

description: This thesis studies the problem of optimal mass transportation with linear constraints -- supermartingale and martingale transport in discrete and continuous time. Appropriate versions of corresponding dual problems are introduced and shown to satisfy fundamental properties: weak duality, absence of a duality gap, and the existence of a dual optimal element. We show how the existence of a dual optimizer implies that primal optimizers can be characterized geometrically through their support -- an infinite dimensional analogue of complementary slackness. In discrete time martingale and supermartingale transport problems, we utilize this result to establish the existence of canonical transport plans, that is joint optimizers for large families of reward functions. To this end, we show that the optimal support coincides for these families. We additionally characterize these transport plans through order-theoretic minimality properties, with respect to second stochastic order and convex order, respectively, in the supermartingale and the martingale case. This characterization further shows that the canonical transport plan is unique.
Two Romano-British Burials
Creators: name: Kelly, Elizabeth
name: Dudley, Caroline
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 119, 65-88
description: At much the same time, the museums at Brighton and Worthing were each presented with items from two Romano-British grave groups from Preston Road, Brighton, and Crabtree Lane, North Lancing respectively. It was thought worthwhile to publish the two grroups together in view of the similarities between them. Both groups appeared to be from fairly rich female burials, in which the grave goods were contained in boxes, one a bronze casket, the other a wooden chest. There are also parallels between the Samian ware, in fabric, style and date, as well as the buff ware flagons, which were possibly locally produced at Wiggonholt.
Quantum turbulence in quantum gases
Creators: name: Madeira, L.
name: Caracanhas, M. A.
name: Santos, F. E. A. dos
name: Bagnato, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence is characterized by a large number of degrees of freedom, distributed over several length scales, that result into a disordered state of a fluid. The field of quantum turbulence deals with the manifestation of turbulence in quantum fluids, such as liquid helium and ultracold gases. We review, from both experimental and theoretical points of view, advances in quantum turbulence focusing on atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. We also explore the similarities and differences between quantum and classical turbulence. Lastly, we present challenges and possible directions for the field. We summarize questions that are being asked in recent works, which need to be answered in order to understand fundamental properties of quantum turbulence, and we provide some possible ways of investigating them.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Excavations in Lewes, 1974
Creators: name: Freke, D
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 113, 66-84
description: In July and August, 1974, three trenches were opened in parts of Lewes which are threatened by development. The excavations were pilot studies into the early history of the town and the areas were chosen with the intention of checking and extending our knowledge of its Saxon and medieval origins. They were carried out with a grant from the D.O.E. by the Sussex Archaeological Field Unit and the Lewes Archaeological Group under the direction of the author. The finds are deposited in Barbican House, Lewes, and the detailed plans and noted are in the files of the Sussex Archaeological Field Unit.
A class of quasi-linear equations in coframe gravity
Creators: name: Itin, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown recently that the gravity field phenomena can be described by a traceless part of the wave-type field equation. This is an essentially non-Einsteinian gravity model. It has an exact spherically-symmetric static solution, that yields to the Yilmaz-Rosen metric. This metric is very close to the Schwarzchild metric. The wave-type field equation can not be derived from a suitable variational principle by free variations, as it was shown by Hehl and his collaborates. In the present work we are seeking for another field equation having the same exact spherically-symmetric static solution. The differential-geometric structure on the manifold endowed with a smooth orthonormal coframe field is described by the scalar objects of anholonomity and its exterior derivative. We construct a list of the first and second order SO(1,3)-covariants (one- and two-indexed quantities) and a quasi-linear field equation with free parameters. We fix a part of the parameters by a condition that the field equation is satisfied by a quasi-conformal coframe with a harmonic conformal function. Thus we obtain a wide class of field equations with a solution that yields the Majumdar-Papapetrou metric and, in particularly, the Yilmaz-Rosen metric, that is viable in the framework of three classical tests.
Reclamation activities at the Nickel Plate Mine tailings facility
Creators: name: Sahota, Sonia M.
name: Greenaway, Graham R.
name: Brown, Bruce S.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Nickel Plate Mine is a former gold producing operation owned and operated by Homestake Canada Inc. Since the cessation of tailings deposition in October 1996, the tailings facility has become a focus of the reclamation activities at the Mine. The reclamation of the Facility was initiated in May 1998 with the start of the tailings cover system construction. Reclamation activities at the tailings facility since closure include the following: a tailings cover system designed to ensure long-term management of surface water runoff using materials that would support vegetation; a lined containment facility constructed to store high density sludge produced by the water treatment process; and a design for post closure surface water management comprising a sediment control pond and emergency spillway. This paper presents an overview of these reclamation activities and the progress of construction to date. In addition, instrumentation and monitoring data has been used to evaluate the post closure stability of the tailings facility and to demonstrate that its overall stability has improved with the removal of the supernatant pond and construction of the tailings cover.
Radio continuum size evolution of star-forming galaxies over 0.35 < z < 2.25
Creators: name: Jiménez-Andrade, E. F.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Karim, A.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Sargent, M.
name: Romano-Díaz, E.
name: Novak, M.
name: Lang, P.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Vardoulaki, E.
name: Toft, S.
name: Smolčić, V.
name: Harrington, K.
name: Leslie, S.
name: Delhaize, J.
name: Liu, D.
name: Karoumpis, C.
name: Kartaltepe, J.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first systematic study of the radio continuum size evolution of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) over the redshift range $0.35
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A