cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Determinants of Individual Sustainable Investment Behavior – A Framed Field Experiment
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Gutsche, Gunnar
name: Wetzel, Heike
name: Ziegler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: individual investors
Sustainable investments
Economics
Wirtschaft
determinants
framed field experiment
revealed preferences

description: This paper employs a new empirical approach for eliciting preferences for and determinants of sustainable investments at the individual investor level. We examine data from an incentivized framed field experiment that was part of a representative survey among financial decision mak-ers in German households. The analysis reveals strong preferences for sustainable funds. These preferences are especially driven by non-pecuniary factors such as financial literacy, environ-mental values, and social norms. Interestingly, economic preferences or the Big Five personal-ity traits are only of minor relevance. Our results provide useful implications for the discussion on how to mobilize individual investors for sustainable development.
Ice features in the mid-IR spectra of galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Spoon, H. W. W.
name: Keane, J. V.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Moorwood, A. F. M.
name: Laurent, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid infrared spectra provide a powerful probe of the conditions in dusty galactic nuclei. They variously contain emission features associated with star forming regions and absorptions by circumnuclear silicate dust plus ices in cold molecular cloud material. Here we report the detection of 6-8um water ice absorption in 18 galaxies observed by ISO. While the mid-IR spectra of some of these galaxies show a strong resemblance to the heavily absorbed spectrum of NGC 4418, other galaxies in this sample also show weak to strong PAH emission. The 18 ice galaxies are part of a sample of 103 galaxies with good S/N mid-IR ISO spectra. Based on our sample we find that ice is present in most of the ULIRGs, whereas it is weak or absent in the large majority of Seyferts and starburst galaxies. This result is consistent with the presence of larger quantities of molecular material in ULIRGs as opposed to other galaxy types. Like NGC 4418, several of our ice galaxy spectra show a maximum near 8um that is not or only partly due to PAH emission. While this affects only a small part of the galaxy population studied by ISO, it stresses the need for high S/N data and refined diagnostic methods, to properly discriminate spectra dominated by PAH emission and spectra dominated by heavy obscuration. The spectral variation from PAH emission to absorbed continuum emission near 8um shows strong similarities with Galactic star forming clouds. This leads us to believe that our classification of ice galaxy spectra might reflect an evolutionary sequence from strongly obscured beginnings of star formation (and AGN activity) to a less enshrouded stage of advanced star formation (and AGN activity), as the PAHs get stronger and the broad 8um feature weakens.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics, accepted
Elastic Soft Mode and Electric Quadrupole Response in Excitonic Insulator Candidate (Ta$_{0.952}$V$_{0.048}$)$_2$NiSe$_5$: Contribution of Electron-Phonon Interaction
Creators: name: Kurihara, Ryosuke
name: Hirose, Yusuke
name: Sano, Sumika
name: Mitsumoto, Keisuke
name: Miyake, Atsushi
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Settai, Rikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed ultrasonic measurements on (Ta$_{0.952}$V$_{0.048}$)$_2$NiSe$_5$ to investigate the contribution of acoustic phonons at the zone center to structural and possible excitonic transitions. The transverse elastic constant $C_{55}$ with irreducible representation $B_\mathrm{2g}$ exhibits softening over 90\% above a transition temperature of $T_\mathrm{s} = 280$ K, indicating the soft mode of corresponding TA phonons. Our analysis based on the quadrupole response indicates that the electron-phonon interaction contributes to the excitonic transition in addition to the hybridization between the conduction and valence bands if the excitonic transition is realized.
description: published in JPSJ
Producer Expectations and the Extensive Margin in Grain Supply Response
Creators: name: Boussios, David
name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Boussios, David
name: Barkley, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: corn
subject: extensive margin
subject: producer expectations
subject: sorghum
subject: soybeans
subject: supply elasticity
subject: supply response
subject: wheat

description: Grain supply is the joint effect of both area and yield; however, research often targets either one or the other. The research presented here estimates the complete supply elasticity of grains using novel approaches to approximate producers’ price and weather expectations on both yield and acres planted. The results from this approach combining acreage and yield show the negative impact of expanded production on average yields and the supply response. Additionally, the research extends previous methods of approximating producers’ price expectations through the use of historical basis prices.
Accretion around black holes: The geometry and spectra
Creators: name: Liu, B. F.
name: Qiao, Erlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of black hole X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei indicate that the accretion flows around black holes are composed of hot and cold gas, which have been theoretically described in terms of either a hot geometrically thick corona lying above and below a cold geometrically thin disk or an inner advection dominated accretion flow connected to an outer thin disk. This article reviews the accretion flows around black holes, with an emphasis on the physics that determines the configuration of hot and cold accreting gas, and how the configuration varies with the accretion rate and thereby produces various luminosity and spectra.
description: 39 pages, 6 figures
NLO QCD Fit to H1 Diffractive DIS Data
Creators: name: Schilling, Frank-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new NLO DGLAP QCD fit to recent inclusive diffractive DIS data from the H1 collaboration is presented. Diffractive parton distributions are extracted, including their experimental and theoretical uncertainties. The parton distributions are used for comparisons with recent diffractive final state data from HERA and the TEVATRON.
description: 5 pages, talk given at 10th Intl. Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS 2002), Cracow, May 2002, to appear in the proceedings
Nonequilibrium dual-boson approach
Creators: name: Chen, Feng
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
name: Galperin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop nonequilibrium auxiliary quantum master equation dual boson method (aux-DB), and argue that it presents a convenient way to describe steady states of correlated impurity models (such as single molecule optoelectronic devices) where electron and energy transport should be taken into account. The aux-DB is shown to provide high accuracy with relatively low numerical cost. Theoretical analysis is followed by illustrative simulations within generic two-level junction model, where the new scheme is benchmarked against numerically exact results.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Dyons in Nonabelian Born-Infeld Theory
Creators: name: Balaz, Antun
name: Buric, Maja
name: Radovanovic, Voja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a nonabelian extension of Born--Infeld action for the SU(2) group. In the class of spherically symmetric solutions we find that, besides the Gal'tsov--Kerner glueballs, only the analytic dyons have finite energy. The presented analytic and numerical investigation excludes the existence of pure magnetic monopoles of 't Hooft--Polyakov type.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
MOESM24 of Microbiome of vineyard soils is shaped by geography and management
Creators: name: Coller, Emanuela
name: Cestaro, Alessandro
name: Zanzotti, Roberto
name: Bertoldi, Daniela
name: Pindo, Massimo
name: Larger, Simone
name: Albanese, Davide
name: Mescalchin, Enzo
name: Donati, Claudio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 24: Table S11. Linear model correlating the the bacterial and fungal Î±-diversities for PT12. (DOCX 13 kb)
The Impact of Pasture Insurance on Farmland Values
Creators: name: Ifft, Jennifer
name: Wu, Shang
name: Kuethe, Todd H.
name: Ifft, Jennifer
name: Wu, Shang
name: Kuethe, Todd H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: farmland values
subject: insurance
subject: June Area Survey

description: This study examines the impact of publicly supported insurance on agricultural land values. The analysis employs confidential, nationally representative panel data on field-level pastureland values and exploits a natural experiment provided by gradual introduction of the Pasture, Rangeland, and Forage Insurance Pilot Program. We use a field-level fixed-effects model that controls for several time-variant factors. We find that insurance availability is associated with an increase of at least 4 percent in pastureland values. This increase is comparable with increases generated by other government programs but is much smaller than total farmland value increases experienced in recent years.
MOESM3 of RhizoChamber-Monitor: a robotic platform and software enabling characterization of root growth
Creators: name: Wu, Jie
name: Wu, Qian
name: PagĂ¨s, LoĂŻc
name: Yuan, Yeqing
name: Zhang, Xiaolei
name: Du, Mingwei
name: Tian, Xiaoli
name: Li, Zhaohu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3. This file contains three Figures and two Texts as follows. Figure S3. Layout of components for air temperature control in growth room and root chamber. Figure S4. The top face of the RhizoChamber-Monitor just after transplanting (A) and the growth room during a light cycle (B). Figure S5. Root images with (A) and without (B) condensation on the surface of the polycarbonate panel. Text S1. Air temperature control of growth room and root chamber. Text S2. Condensation minimization.
Direct Payments, Cash Rents, Land Values, and the Effects of Imputation in U.S. Farm-level Data
Creators: name: Robbins, Michael W.
name: White, T. Kirk
name: Robbins, Michael W.
name: White, T. Kirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey
subject: cash rents
subject: direct payments
subject: farm subsidies
subject: land values
subject: missing data
subject: multiple imputation
subject: robust regression

description: Research using the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) and other data shows that direct government payments to farmers increase rents and the price of land. However, some ARMS data is imputed and does not account for relationships between payments and other variables. We investigate various imputation methods and benefits gained from a method with a wide scope rather than a parsimonious range of variables. Using our method, we estimate that an additional dollar of direct payment increases land value about $2.69 more per acre than ARMS imputation methods and that our imputations (using an exhaustive iterative sequential regression) outperform other methods and/or smaller models.
title: Cryptocurrencies: A Copula Based Approach for Asymmetric Risk Marginal Allocations
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Jeleskovic, Vahidin
name: Meloni, Mirko
name: Younas, Zahid Irshad
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: tail risk
Economics
Wirtschaft
portfolio optimization.
copula
cryptocurrency tradiing
realized volatility

description: Given the increasing interest in cryptocurrencies shown by investors and researchers, and the importance of the potential loss scenarios resulting from investment/trading activities, this research provides market operators with a dynamic overview on the short-term portfolio tail risk contribution of six widely-traded cryptocurrencies. Considering the high volatility dynamics of the cryptocurrency market, realized volatility measures computed from different frames (1m, 5m, 15m, 30m, 1h) are included in the estimation of univariate GARCH models, to be used in combination with copula functions for VaR/ES Monte Carlo simulations. Even if results lack data frequency ordinality in terms of out-of-sample goodness, Bitcoin and Litecoin are generally recognized as the safest and riskiest currency respectively on an equally-weighted framework, reflecting how the contribution to portfolio returns is not representative of the real grade of risk diversification.
Simple iterative construction of the optimized effective potential for orbital functionals, including exact exchange
Creators: name: Kümmel, Stephan
name: Perdew, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For exchange-correlation functionals that depend explicitly on the Kohn-Sham orbitals, the potential $V_{\mathrm{xc}σ}(\re)$ must be obtained as the solution of the optimized effective potential (OEP) integral equation. This is very demanding and has limited the use of orbital functionals like exact exchange. We demonstrate that the OEP can be obtained iteratively by solving a system of partial differential equations instead of an integral equation. This amounts to calculating the orbital shifts that exactify the Krieger-Li-Iafrate (KLI) approximation. Unoccupied orbitals do not need to be calculated. Accuracy and efficiency of the method are shown for atoms and clusters using the exact exchange energy. Counter-intuitive asymptotic limits of the exact OEP, not accessible from previous constructions, are presented.
description: Physical Review Letters, accepted for publication. 4 pages, 1 figure
title: Democracy and Militarization in Developing Countries: A Panel Vector Autoregressive Analysis
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Dizaji, Sajjad F.
name: Farzanegan, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: military spending
Economics
Wirtschaft
developing countries
democracy
panel VAR model

description: This study examines the dynamic relationship between democracy and the military in more than 40 developing countries from 1990 to 2017. We investigate the dynamic interaction between democracy and military institutions using a panel vector autoregressive model and impulse response functions as well as variance decomposition analyses. We show that democracy plays a significant role in the substitution of nonmilitary expenditures for defense expenditures. We also investigate the response of democracy to positive shocks in military and nonmilitary spending. We find that the responses of political system and different indexes of democracy including electoral, liberal, participatory, deliberative, and egalitarian democracy to positive shocks in military expenditures are negative and significant, whereas their responses to the shocks in nonmilitary expenditures are not significant. This result suggests that the political behavior of governments in developing countries is influenced more heavily by their spending on the military sector than by their spending on the nonmilitary sector.
title: Pandemic Shocks and Household Spending
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Finck, David
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
smooth-transition model, state-dependence
pandemic
Economics
Wirtschaft
consumption

description: We study the response of daily household spending to the unexpected component of the COVID-19 pandemic, which we label as pandemic shock. Based on daily forecasts of the number of fatalities, we construct the surprise component as the difference between the actual and the expected number of deaths. We allow for state-dependent effects of the shock depending on the position on the curve of infections. Spending falls after the shock and is particularly sensitive to the shock when the number of new infections is strongly increasing. If the number of infections grows moderately, the drop in spending is smaller. We also estimate the effect of the shock across income quartiles. In each state, low-income households exhibit a significantly larger drop in consumption than high-income households. Thus, consumption inequality increase after a pandemic shock. Our results hold for the US economy and the key US states. The findings remain unchanged if we choose alternative state-variables to separate regimes.
Colloidal Self-Assembly: Particle Synthesis, Functionalisation and Applications
Creators: name: Zupkauskas, Mykolas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Colloids
Self-assembly
DNA
Colloidal gels
Nanoparticles
Microparticles
Photonic crystals
Fluorinated latex
Polystyrene
DNA-coated colloids
Structural colour

description: Colloids, broadly defined as particles small enough to not sediment under gravitational force while dispersed in a continuous medium, are of great scientific and industrial importance. They are present in foods, cosmetics, paints and other materials, often in a jammed or a gelled state. This dissertation explores the self-assembly of hard and soft colloidal particles into mesoscopic structures through modification and control of their surface potentials. Due to its selective binding properties and thermal reversibility, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was used to coat spherical polymeric colloids and subsequently have them assemble into high density colloidal gels. The formation and morphology of one- and two-component colloidal gels was investigated; the use of in-house synthesised fluorinated latex colloids (n = 1.36) allowed for refractive indexmatching of such systems in aqueous solutions, greatly aiding the imaging process deep inside dense gels. Additionally, the diffusion of tracer particles in the confinement of the gel structure was investigated. Furthermore, using the same coating technique, oil droplets (ODs) were functionalised with DNA: various sizes and configurations of DNAcoated ODs were investigated with the goal of creating functional oil-in-water emulsions for possible industrial and biotechnological applications. Taking a different assembly approach, 200 nm diameter fluorinated latex particles without any DNA coating were assembled into photonic crystals which, rather than showing iridescence, displayed strong single colour reflectance along with high transmittance, with the reflection colour varying with interparticle distance. Jumping back to colloidal assembly via DNA, rod-sphere structures made from DNA-coated gold nanoparticles and long DNA-coated virions were explored, demonstrating how anisotropic building blocks could create composite structures with increased porosity. Finally, an external magnetic field was shown to aid the assembly of superparamagnetic DNA-coated colloids into long linear constructs, while an additional coating of colloids was shown to stabilise the constructs after the magnetic field had been switched off.
Selection of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes for better yield considering physio-biochemical attributes and antioxidative defence potential: agronomic traits and stress tolerance indices
Creators: name: Akram, Muhammad
name: Ali, Qasim
name: Ali, Shafaqat
name: El-Sheikh, Mohamed A.
name: Sarker, Pallab K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Different approaches are being employed, including selection through breeding for high yielding salt-tolerant wheat genotypes to overcome the negative impacts of salinity for better production. Experiment was conducted in sand filled pots with 24 newly developed wheat inbreed lines and two parental genotypes, using 200 mM NaCl salinity level. Genotype specific decline found in yield related and agronomic characteristics. Nonetheless, the degree of changes in physio-biochemical processes was genotype-specific. Genotypes SB1, SB4, SB10, SB16, SB20, SB22 and SB24 performed better in grain yield-related attributes, associated with better maintenance of leaf photosynthetic pigments, less lipid peroxidation and better antioxidative defence mechanism. Grain yield reduction in SB1, SB4, SB10, SB16, SB20, SB22 and SB24 was 39.540%, 43.902%, 35.778%, 44.444%, 40.716%, 39.778% and 39.361%, respectively and maximum % yield reductions recorded in lines SB2 (54.250), SB7 (57.170), SB14 (57.289), SB15 (54.814), SB19 (56.674), SB21 (61.431) and SB23 (54.940). Heat map analysis, PCA and correlation studies performed to determine the relative stress tolerance of wheat genotypes under study to corroborate the findings of stress tolerance indices (STIs). conclusively, physio-biochemical processes, in addition to agronomic qualities, morphological characteristics and STIs, should considered crucial for selecting salt tolerant wheat genotypes for improved yield through breeding.
MOESM22 of Microbiome of vineyard soils is shaped by geography and management
Creators: name: Coller, Emanuela
name: Cestaro, Alessandro
name: Zanzotti, Roberto
name: Bertoldi, Daniela
name: Pindo, Massimo
name: Larger, Simone
name: Albanese, Davide
name: Mescalchin, Enzo
name: Donati, Claudio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 22: Table S9. Linear model correlating the the bacterial and fungal Î±-diversities, stratified by site. (DOCX 14 kb)
Likelihood-Free Parameter Estimation with Neural Bayes Estimators
Creators: name: Sainsbury-Dale, M
name: Zammit-Mangion, A
name: Huser, R
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Neural Bayes estimators are neural networks that approximate Bayes estimators. They are fast, likelihood-free, and amenable to rapid bootstrap-based uncertainty quantification. In this article, we aim to increase the awareness of statisticians to this relatively new inferential tool, and to facilitate its adoption by providing user-friendly open-source software. We also give attention to the ubiquitous problem of estimating parameters from replicated data, which we address using permutation-invariant neural networks. Through extensive simulation studies we demonstrate that neural Bayes estimators can be used to quickly estimate parameters in weakly identified and highly parameterized models with relative ease. We illustrate their applicability through an analysis of extreme sea-surface temperature in the Red Sea where, after training, we obtain parameter estimates and bootstrap-based confidence intervals from hundreds of spatial fields in a fraction of a second.
Revised Coordinates and Proper Motions of the Stars in the Luyten Half-Second Catalogue
Creators: name: Bakos, Gaspar A.
name: Sahu, Kailash C.
name: Nemeth, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present refined coordinates and proper motion data for the high proper motion (HPM) stars in the Luyten Half-Second (LHS) catalogue. The positional uncertainty in the original Luyten catalogue is typically >10" and is often >30". We have used the digital scans of the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS) I and POSS II plates to derive more accurate positions and proper motions of the objects. Out of the 4470 candidates in the LHS catalogue, 4323 objects were manually re-identified in the POSS I and POSS II scans. A small fraction of the stars were not found due to the lack of finder charts and digitized POSS II scans. The uncertainties in the revised positions are typically ~2", but can be as high as ~8" in a few cases; this is a large improvement over the original data. Cross-correlation with the Tycho-2 and Hipparcos catalogues yielded 819 candidates (with m_R < 12). For these brighter sources, the position and proper motion data have been replaced with the more accurate Tycho/Hipparcos data. In total, we have revised proper motion measurements and coordinates for 4040 stars and revised coordinates for 4330 stars, which are presented here.
description: 108 pages. Accepted for Publication in ApJ Suppl. Some errors caused by the transcription errors in the original LHS catalogue have been corrected in this resubmission. The most current version of the catalogue is also available online at http://www.stsci.edu/~ksahu/lhs
Speed of sound constraints on maximally rotating neutron stars
Creators: name: Margaritis, Ch.
name: Koliogiannis, P. S.
name: Moustakidis, Ch. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of maximally rotating neutron stars (in comparison to nonrotating ones) may provide more information on the behavior of nuclear matter at high densities. We provide a theoretical treatment concerning the effects of the upper bound of the sound speed in dense matter on the bulk properties of maximally rotating (at mass-shedding limit) neutron stars. In particular, we consider two upper bounds for the speed of sound, $v_s = c$ and $v_s = c/\sqrt{3}$, and the one provided by the relativistic kinetic theory. We investigate to what extent the possible predicted (from various theories and conjectures) upper bounds on the speed of sound constrain the ones of various key quantities, including the maximum mass and the corresponding radius, Keplerian frequency, Kerr parameter and moment of inertia. We mainly focus on the lower proposed limit, $v_{s}=c/\sqrt{3}$, and we explore in which mass region a rotating neutron star collapses to a black hole. In any case, useful relations of the mentioned bulk properties with the transition density are derived and compared with the corresponding nonrotating cases. We concluded that the proposed limit $v_{s}=c/\sqrt{3}$ leads to dramatic decrease on the values of the maximum mass, Kerr parameter and moment of inertia preventing a neutron star to reach values which derived with the consideration of realistic equations of state or from other constraints. Possible measurements of the Kerr parameter and moment of inertia would shed light on these issues and help to reveal the speed of sound bound in dense matter.
description: v1: 8 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. v2: 10 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; sections, tables, figures and references had been added. v3: 12 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication in Phy. Rev. D
Hub and Spoke Airport Networks and State Airport Infrastructure Spillovers: A Spatial Econometrics Approach
Creators: name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In recent years, many hubs in the highly interdependent U.S. air transport network have become congested, leading to delays for business travelers and freight shipments. Recent events in this industry may have temporarily reduced this congestion, but contributed to other types of disruptions. Since delays and disruptions at one node of the network exacerbate problems throughout the system, airport infrastructure expansion to enhance traffic flows and security in large hubs may confer substantive spillover benefits in the form of travel-time savings and reliability. This may in turn translate into increased worker productivity and shipping efficiency, and thus lower costs, for manufacturing firms. In this paper we evaluate the impacts of such spillovers, by applying spatial econometrics techniques to a cost function framework, using state-level data on airport and highway infrastructure, and manufacturing production. We find that increasing own-state airport infrastructure tends to generate costsaving benefits for the state’s manufacturing industry, primarily due to non-production laborand materials-savings. However, airport expansion in connected hubs has an even greater impact, implying an important externality component of such investment. Also, unless airport expansion is accompanied by highway infrastructure investment, congestion seems to counteract the associated benefits, especially in large-hub states with less than 5 percent of the nation’s passenger enplanements.
Cost Economies: A Driving Force for Consolidation and Concentration?
Creators: name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Public Economics

description: Expanding concentration in many industries has generated concern about the extent and determinants of these market structure patterns. Understanding such trends requires information on technological characteristics underlying cost efficiency. However, market structure and power analyses are typically based on restrictive models that limit the representation of cost drivers. In this paper we model and estimate a comprehensive cost specification allowing for utilization, scale, scope, and multi-plant economies, using U.S. beef packing plant data. We find evidence that these cost economies are substantive, and in combination cause a short-fall of marginal from average cost, provide economic motivations for concentration, consolidation, and diversification, and facilitate the interpretation and use of market structure measures.
Economies of Scale and Scope, and the Efficiency of China's Agricultural Research System
Creators: name: Jin, Songqing
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Faced with the task of reorganizing the largest agricultural research system in the world, officials in China are developing a strategy for reform. This paper investigates economies of scale and scope and other potential sources of improvements in the economic efficiency of crop breeding, an industry at the heart of the nation’s food economy. Using a panel data set covering 46 wheat and maize breeding institutes from 1981 to 2000, we estimate both single output and multiple output cost functions for the production of new varieties at China’s wheat and maize breeding institutes. Our descriptive and analytical results indicate strong economies of scale, along with small to moderate economies of scope related to the joint production of new wheat and maize varieties. Cost efficiency increases significantly with increases in the breeders’ educational status and with increases in access to genetic materials from outside the institute. Our results can help guide reformers in their efforts to increase the efficiency of China’s crop breeding system.
title: IKEA Effect vs. Trophy Effect – An Experimental Comparison
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bühren, Christoph
name: Pleßner, Marco
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: competition
failure
effort
valuation
Economics
Wirtschaft
labor
achievement

description: mer’s valuation of the product. These phenomena are called the IKEA and the trophy effect. We test both of them separately as well as combined and find that the trophy winner effect looms larger than the IKEA effect for inexpensive items, in our case paper planes. For more expensive products, in our case 3-D-puzzles, we find a trophy loser effect. Positive emotions of trophy winners drive our result for inexpensive products, whereas negative emotions of trophy losers drive our result for more expensive products. We discuss the implications of our findings.
MOESM21 of Microbiome of vineyard soils is shaped by geography and management
Creators: name: Coller, Emanuela
name: Cestaro, Alessandro
name: Zanzotti, Roberto
name: Bertoldi, Daniela
name: Pindo, Massimo
name: Larger, Simone
name: Albanese, Davide
name: Mescalchin, Enzo
name: Donati, Claudio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 21: Table S8. Linear model correlating the the bacterial and fungal Î±-diversities in all sites. (DOCX 14 kb)
Freedom from Pollution? The State, The People, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Creators: name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Farzin, Hossein
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Farzin, Hossein
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Political Economy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We develop and estimate an econometric model of the relationship between several local and global air and water pollutants and economic development while allowing for critical aspects of the socio-politicaleconomic regime of a State. We obtain empirical support for our hypothesis that democracy and its associated freedoms provide the conduit through which agents can exercise their preferences for environmental quality more effectively than under an autocratic regime, thus leading to decreased concentrations or emissions of pollution. However, additional factors such as income inequality, age distribution, and urbanization may mitigate or exacerbate the net effect of the type of political regime on pollution, depending on the underlying societal preferences and the weights assigned to those preferences by the State.
Generalizable Neuro-symbolic Systems for Commonsense Question Answering
Creators: name: Oltramari, Alessandro
name: Francis, Jonathan
name: Ilievski, Filip
name: Ma, Kaixin
name: Mirzaee, Roshanak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This chapter illustrates how suitable neuro-symbolic models for language understanding can enable domain generalizability and robustness in downstream tasks. Different methods for integrating neural language models and knowledge graphs are discussed. The situations in which this combination is most appropriate are characterized, including quantitative evaluation and qualitative error analysis on a variety of commonsense question answering benchmark datasets.
description: In Pascal Hitzler, Md Kamruzzaman Sarker (eds.), Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence: The State of the Art. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications Vol. 342, IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2022. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.04707
Abell 1451 and 1RXS J131423.6-251521: a multi-wavelength study of two dynamically perturbed clusters of galaxies
Creators: name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Murphy, T.
name: Pierre, M.
name: Hunstead, R.
name: Lemonon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from optical, X-ray and radio observations of two X-ray bright (L_X ~ 10^{45} erg/s) galaxy clusters. A1451 is at redshift z=0.1989 and has line-of-sight velocity dispersion sigma_v = 1330 km/s as measured from 57 cluster galaxies. It has regular X-ray emission without signs of substructure, a Gaussian velocity distribution, lack of a cooling flow region and significant deviations from the observed scaling laws between luminosity, temperature and velocity dispersion, indicating a possible merging shock. There is only one spectroscopically confirmed cluster radio galaxy, which is close to the X-ray peak. 1RXS J131423.6-251521 has z=0.2474 and sigma_v = 1100 km/s from 37 galaxies. There are two distinct galaxy groups with a projected separation of \~700 kpc. The velocity histogram is bi-modal with a redshift-space separation of ~1700 km/s, and the X-ray emission is double peaked. Although there are no spectroscopically confirmed cluster radio galaxies, we have identified a plausible relic source candidate.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, some in colour; A&A accepted
title: Experimental Evidence on Forecaster (anti-) Herding in Sports Markets
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bühren, Christoph
name: Meyer, Tim
name: Pierdzioch, Christian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sports forecasting
Experiment
(Anti-)Herding
Economics
Wirtschaft
Survey data

description: We experimentally analyzed whether (anti-)herding behavior of forecasters in sport-betting markets is influenced by the incentive structure of the market (winner-takes-all vs. equal payment of most accurate forecasts) and by personal traits of forecasters. We found evidence of anti-herding in forecasts of the German Bundesliga. Self-reported knowledge and, more surprisingly, winner-takes-all incentives reduced anti-herding. On average, forecasts were less accurate with stronger anti-herding. Winner-takes-all incentives and self-reported knowledge improved forecasts.
A Microhistory of Migrants and Their Identifications in a Paris Tenement (1882-1932)
Creators: name: Langrognet, Fabrice
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Migration
France
Ethnicity
Plaine-Saint-Denis
Interethnic
Paris
Naturalisation
Microhistory
Banlieue
Immigration
Great War

description: This dissertation offers a micro-analysis of migration from a social and a cultural perspective. It is premised on the conviction that the micro scale can be of great value to avoid, or at least control for, the perils of taking ethnic, national, racial or gender boundaries for granted. Recounted across four different chapters combining individual stories with quantitative analysis, the action of this thesis spans five decades of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and takes place in a Paris tenement building. Or, more precisely, in a disparate complex of constructions located just outside the capital, in the heart of the Plaine-Saint-Denis, a banlieue which from the 1870s became a magnet for working-class migrants of many origins, whether in France or abroad. That crowded place, whose unity is as much a narrative device as an epistemological tactic, is itself at the core of the first chapter. Both the buildings, situated at Nos. 96-102 Avenue du Président-Wilson, and their demographic make-up, far from being mere micro-structural conditions, appear as fluid realities whose delineations depend not only upon the residents’ perceptions, but also upon our analytical choices. The second chapter investigates the inhabitants’ migrations, demonstrating that the salience of categories of difference depended partly on spatial movements. This also was partly determined by personal interactions, which are addressed in the third chapter, through a focus on the inhabitants’ intricate, and ever-evolving, networks. When identifications based on origin were given relevance in the people’s affinities, local and micro-regional solidarity was generally more operative than a broadly conceived ethnicity. As for antagonisms, they were often less contingent upon origin than upon other variables. Finally, the fourth chapter addresses the extent to which public institutions played a role in the construction of difference, and how in turn the buildings’ inhabitants negotiated, co-defined, or altered the dynamics of national identification.
description: Doctoral research funded by the AHRC and a Gates Cambridge scholarship
Search for time-dependent B0s - B0s-bar oscillations using a vertex charge dipole technique
Creators: name: Abe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a search for B0s - B0s-bar oscillations using a sample of 400,000 hadronic Z0 decays collected by the SLD experiment. The analysis takes advantage of the electron beam polarization as well as information from the hemisphere opposite that of the reconstructed B decay to tag the B production flavor. The excellent resolution provided by the pixel CCD vertex detector is exploited to cleanly reconstruct both B and cascade D decay vertices, and tag the B decay flavor from the charge difference between them. We exclude the following values of the B0s - B0s-bar oscillation frequency: Delta m_s < 4.9 ps-1 and 7.9 < Delta m_s < 10.3 ps-1 at the 95% confidence level.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, replaced by version accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D; results differ slightly from first version
title: Letting off Steam! Experimental Evidence on Inappropriate Punishment
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Khachatryan, Elina
name: Bühren, Christoph
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Displaced Aggression
Punishment
Soldiers
Economics
Wirtschaft
Dictator Game, Experiment

description: Aggression is displaced when provocations cannot be directly retaliated against and when it is redirected towards a target innocent of any wrongdoing. While this phenomenon is widespread, it has not been widely explored in experimental economics. We fill this gap and find that a sizeable proportion of subjects (37%), when treated unfairly, punish co-players who are not at all responsible for the unfairness. When in a disadvantaged position, inequity-aversion seems to be the driving force of punishment, yet when treated fairly, some subjects (17%) exhibit status-seeking behavior. Moreover, students affiliated with an armed forces university are much more likely than regular students to engage in displaced aggression.
MOESM20 of Microbiome of vineyard soils is shaped by geography and management
Creators: name: Coller, Emanuela
name: Cestaro, Alessandro
name: Zanzotti, Roberto
name: Bertoldi, Daniela
name: Pindo, Massimo
name: Larger, Simone
name: Albanese, Davide
name: Mescalchin, Enzo
name: Donati, Claudio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 20: Table S7. Average differences of the α-diversity of bacterial and fungal communities measured by the Shannon entropy between the Vineyards and P1 samples for each site. Statistically significant contrasts are highlighted in bold. While for bacteria in no case the P1 and P2 samples have significantly different richness, for fungi, in two cases the α-diversity of the P2 samples are significantly different from the P1 samples (higher in PT16 and lower in PT17, p-values 0.00116 and 0.040, respectively). (DOCX 14 kb)
title: From (Horizontal and Sectoral) Data Access Solutions towards Data Governance Systems
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Kerber, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: data governance
data economy
data access
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Starting with the assumption that under certain conditions also mandatory solutions for access to privately held data can be necessary, this paper analyses the legal and regulatory instruments for the implementation of such data access solutions. After an analysis of advantages and problems of horizontal versus sectoral access solutions, the main thesis of this paper is that focusing only on data access solutions is often not enough for achieving the desired positive effects on competition and innovation. An analysis of the two examples access to bank account data (PSD2: Second Payment Service Directive) and access to data of the connected car shows that successful data access solutions might require an entire package of additional complementary regulatory solutions (e.g. regarding interoperability, standardisation, and safety and security), and therefore the analysis and regulatory design of entire data governance systems (based upon an economic market failure analysis). In the last part important instruments that can be used within data governance systems are discussed, like, e.g. data trustee solutions.
title: The Die is Cast – Factors Influencing Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bethäuser, Jenny
name: Muschol, Jenny
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cases
Pandemic
Deaths
COVID-19
Healthcare System; Health Economics
Mortality
Economics
Wirtschaft
Coronavirus

description: Since the beginning of the year, almost the entire world has been thrown off course by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused health, social and economic challenges. In an international comparison it can be seen that the mortality rates vary widely between countries. This study therefore aims to investigate the quality of international healthcare systems and their potential risk factors in order to explore the differences in mortality. After the derivation of suitable variables and the collection of a widespread data set, we were able to detect with six different OLS regressions that the mortality rate significantly decreases with a higher number of hospital beds and increases with a higher proportion of elderly population (p < 0.05 respectively). This work also succeeded in partly explaining the varying international COVID-19 mortality rates with an already existing health economic index (adj. R2 = 28.4%) and an own set of variables (adj. R2 = 27.7%). The association of the quality of healthcare systems as well as risk factors with COVID-19 mortality rates might provide important implications for future policy decisions. s.