cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the nature of Be/X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Negueruela, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that most Be/X-ray binaries are low X-ray luminosity nearby objects, containing white dwarfs (Chevalier & Ilovaisky 1998). We show that existing evidence indicates that all known Be/X-ray binaries are relatively bright X-ray sources containing neutron stars and that the spectral distribution of this group differs considerably from that of isolated Be stars. We suggest that the different X-ray properties of the systems can be explained by the sizes of the orbits of the neutron stars. Systems with close orbits are bright transients which show no quiescent emission as a consequence of centrifugal inhibition of accretion. Systems with wide orbits are persistent sources and display no large outbursts. Systems with intermediate orbits present a mixture of both behaviours.
description: 6 pages (LaTeX, requires l-aa.sty), including 1 figure (PostScript, called with epsfig). Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Resolving the $Λ$ hypernuclear overbinding problem in pionless effective field theory
Creators: name: Contessi, Lorenzo
name: Barnea, Nir
name: Gal, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the $Λ$-hypernuclear `overbinding problem' in light hypernuclei which stands for a 1--3 MeV excessive $Λ$ separation energy calculated in $_Λ^5$He. This problem arises in most few-body calculations that reproduce ground-state $Λ$ separation energies in the lighter $Λ$ hypernuclei within various hyperon-nucleon interaction models. Recent pionless effective field theory nuclear few-body calculations are extended in this work to $Λ$ hypernuclei. At leading order, the $ΛN$ low-energy constants are associated with $ΛN$ scattering lengths and the $ΛNN$ low-energy constants are fitted to $Λ$ separation energies ($B_Λ^{\rm exp}$) for $A\leq 4$. The resulting pionless-EFT interaction reproduces in few-body stochastic variational method calculations the reported value $B_Λ^{\rm exp}(_Λ^5 $He)=3.12$\pm$0.02 MeV within a fraction of MeV over a broad range of momentum-space cut-off parameters. Possible consequences and extensions to heavier hypernuclei and to neutron-star matter are discussed.
description: matches published PRL 121 (2018) 102502 with one minor correction: the number of nuclear plus hypernuclear LECs at LO is eight, not seven
Dynamics of equilibrium-linked colloidal networks
Creators: name: Kwon, Taejin
name: Wilcoxson, Tanner A.
name: Milliron, Delia J,
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Colloids

description: Colloids that attractively bond to only a few neighbors (e.g., patchy particles) can form equilibrium gels with distinctive dynamic properties that are stable in time. Here, we use a coarse-grained model to explore the dynamics of linked networks of patchy colloids whose average valence is macroscopically, rather than microscopically, constrained. Simulation results for the model show dynamic hallmarks of equilibrium gel formation and establish that the colloid–colloid bond persistence time controls the characteristic slow relaxation of the self-intermediate scattering function. The model features re-entrant network formation without phase separation as a function of linker concentration, centered at the stoichiometric ratio of linker ends to nanoparticle surface bonding sites. Departures from stoichiometry result in linker-starved or linker-saturated networks with reduced connectivity and shorter characteristic relaxation times with lower activation energies. Underlying the re-entrant trends, dynamic properties vary monotonically with the number of effective network bonds per colloid, a quantity that can be predicted using Wertheim’s thermodynamic perturbation theory. These behaviors suggest macroscopic in situ strategies for tuning the dynamic response of colloidal networks.
The biosynthesis, storage and utilization of elemental sulfur: Enzymatic pathways, molecular mechanisms, and future perspectives
Creators: name: Jia, Tipei
name: Niu, Lishan
name: Qi, Zheng
name: Cong, Wenjie
name: Xi, Jinying
name: Yang, Chunping
name: Peng, Yongzhen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Converting the widely present sulfide into elemental sulfur (S0) holds significant environmental protection and resource recycling value. Existing biotechnologies for producing S0 rely on regulating the O2/S or N O3− /S molar ratios, which face challenges of unstable yields under varying conditions. The complexity of sulfide oxidation process, involving numerous enzymes and diverse sulfur forms and valence states, poses a significant difficulty to understanding and advancing research in bio-S0 production. To facilitate progress in this area, this review re-examines the sulfur oxidation pathways with a focus on the synthesis, storage, and utilization of S0, considering both metabolic pathways and catalytic mechanisms. Integrating insights into the enzymes involved, including their structural features, subcellular location, active sites, electron transfer processes, and inter-enzyme synergy, were provided to enhance the understanding of sulfur metabolism mechanisms at a molecular level. Furthermore, several underexplored yet crucial areas were highlighted, including the identification and characterization of sulfur transmembrane transport proteins, the discovery and enrichment of microorganisms with defects in the sulfur oxidation genome (GD-SOMs), and the potential of genetic engineering in constructing GD-SOMs. Addressing these gaps provides valuable guidance for potential S0 production biotechnological innovations.
Defects and dopants in zinc oxide: a study of the optoelectronic properties of thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis
Creators: name: Maller, Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Interest in transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) has intensified over the past decade, driven by the requirement to find a suitable replacement to indium tin oxide (ITO). Of the many possible candidates identified, zinc oxide (ZnO) was selected owing to its favourable optical properties, abundance, low toxicity and chemical stability. This thesis is directed towards finding low cost routes to producing transparent conducting ZnO thin films that could be utilised in a range of current and emerging optoelectronic devices. The spray pyrolysis technique is demonstrated as a highly appropriate low cost, large area deposition route to produce ZnO thin films. The necessity for, and the construction of, an automated rig for the deposition process is detailed. Excellent reproducibility is demonstrated compared with manual deposition. The structural, electrical and optical properties of native and doped ZnO are examined with the overall aim to optimise performance for TCO applications. The novel, AC Hall effect technique is employed to study the factors controlling charge carrier concentration and charge mobility across the a wide doping range, including in previously unexplored regions such as in the undoped and low doping regimes. Investigations into the optimal crystal structure for the greatest charge carrier concentration and charge mobility are made and links between the degree of (002) texturing and charge mobility suggested. Further studies into the position of Al, Ga and In dopants in the crystalline lattice show that the ionic radius plays a key role in the solubility of the dopant in the lattice. Ingress and egress of the zinc vacancy (VZn), and emergence of the hybrid dopant substitution/zinc vacancy (XZnVZn where X = Al, Ga, In) defects are suggested as likely candidate to explain observed electronic behaviour. Finally, the effect of annealing ZnO films is studied, and the necessity for Zn-rich films for TCO applications determined. Annealing in oxygen poor environments is shown to greatly reduce resistivity of films, with VZn defects suggested to be the main contributor to this effect. The stability of electronic improvements following annealing is presented; no observable degradation in performance is seen subsequent to 180 days storage in ambient conditions.
Modular mixing in plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystal gels with thermoreversible links
Creators: name: Kang, Jiho
name: Sherman, Zachary M.
name: Crory, Hannah S. N.
name: Conrad, Diana L.
name: Berry, Marina W.
name: Roman, Benjamin J.
name: Anslyn, Eric V.
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
name: Milliron, Delia J.
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: nanocrystal

description: Gelation offers a powerful strategy to assemble plasmonic nanocrystal networks incorporating both the distinctive optical properties of con- stituent building blocks and customizable collective properties. Beyond what a single-component assembly can offer, the characteristics of nanocrystal networks can be tuned in a broader range when two or more components are intimately combined. Here, we demonstrate mixed nanocrystal gel networks using thermoresponsive metal–terpyridine links that enable rapid gel assembly and disassembly with ther- mal cycling. Plasmonic indium oxide nanocrystals with different sizes, doping concentrations, and shapes are reliably intermixed in linked gel assemblies, exhibiting collective infrared absorption that reflects the contributions of each component while also deviating systematically from a linear combination of the spectra for single-component gels. We extend a many-bodied, mutual polarization method to simulate the optical response of mixed nanocrystal gels, reproducing the experimental trends with no free parameters and revealing that spectral devia- tions originate from cross-coupling between nanocrystals with distinct plasmonic properties. Our thermoreversible linking strategy directs the assembly of mixed nanocrystal gels with continuously tunable far- and near-field optical properties that are distinct from those of the building blocks or mixed close-packed structures.
ACCRETION DISCS WITH ACCRETING CORONAE IN AGN. I. SOLUTIONS IN HYDROSTATIC EQUILIBRIUM
Creators: name: Zycki, P. T.
name: Collin-Souffrin, S.
name: Czerny, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a model for the central region of radio-quiet AGN in which coronal accretion is the source of energy for X-ray emission. We start from the Haardt & Maraschi model but supplement it with pressure balance condition, two possibilities of the angular momentum transfer and three models of the disc-corona transition. We employ the alpha-description of viscosity within the two layers. Both descriptions of the angular momentum transport lead to similar conclusions about the fraction of energy liberated in the disc although they predict strongly different properties of the disc interiors. The coupled disc/corona system has one family of solutions at low accretion rates, two families of solutions at intermediate accretion rates and no solution for high accretion rate. Of the two families of solutions, the first one has weakly dissipating coronae and the second one has coronae which dominate energetically the system. The two solutions merge at sub-Eddington accretion rate because a corona in hydrostatic equilibrium can dissipate only a limited amount of energy, which depends on the viscosity parameter.
description: 17 pages + 9 figures (separately), uuencoded, compressed PostScript files. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Towards thermodynamics of quantum systems away from equilibrium
Creators: name: Deesuwan, Tanapat
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: A probability distribution encodes all the statistics of its corresponding random variable, hence it encodes all one can learn about the system via the random variable. In the theoretical part of this thesis, we discuss several equivalent representations of probability distributions in physics which establishes their roles as complete information measures in their own contexts. In particular, we show how Rényi entropies (as well as relative Rényi entropies) completely characterise the uncertainty of a system, hence implies the insufficiency of Shannon entropy (as well as relative entropy) in capturing the information in the presence of strong fluctuation. We also generalise Jarzynski equality in terms of relative Rényi entropies and show the equivalence between the generalised equality and the work distribution. As a consequence, an equivalence between a monotonic property of relative Rényi entropies and a kind of second law relations is revealed. In the experimental part, we study the non-equilibrium dynamics of an optically levitated nanosphere system in Knudsen regime and discover that, even though the system is not in equilibrium, the dynamics can still be treated as a Brownian motion with an effective temperature and an effective coefficient. Due to the Gaussian statistics of the levitated sphere, we show how some relevant non-equilibrium properties of the system, including several local temperatures, can be analysed from its power spectrum.
José Joaquín Benegasi y Luján in Three Texts from de senectute Period
Creators: name: Padilla Aguilera, Tania
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:
In the de senectute period of Madrid poet José Joaquín Benegasi y Luján (1707-70), we can observe a series of intentional mechanisms along with literary and editorial strategies that could be linked to those developed by contemporary Spanish authors. With the material and contextual comparison of three of his mature texts (Fama póstuma, Descripción festiva and Benegasi contra Benegasi), we intend to shed light on the channels of dissemination, the reading public, the social networks and the patronage mechanisms that are exercised throughout the career of this author. All this will help to better outline both his figure and the meaning of his work in the context of the first half of the Spanish eighteenth century.

description: Rassegna iberistica
SN 1986E eight years after outburst: a link to SN 1957D?
Creators: name: Cappellaro, Enrico
name: Danziger, John I.
name: Turatto, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the optical recovery of SN~1986E 7.1 and 7.9 years after explosion. The spectra are dominated by broad H$α$ and [O~I] $λλ$6300,6364 emission lines with a minor contribution from [Ca~II] $λλ$7291,7324 and, possibly, [Fe~II] $λ$7155. Compared with the spectra of the other recovered SNII, SN1986E shows strong H$α$ luminosity similar to SN~1979C but, in contrast, weak [O~III] emission. So far, among classified SNe, only type II Linears have been recovered a few years past the explosion. The high optical luminosity of Linear SNII at this phase is most likely related to the interaction of the ejecta with the circumstellar wind which is also expected to produce strong radio emission. Therefore radio observations of the remnant of SN~1986E are worth attempting. The circumstellar interaction model predicts that, in the next decade, the strength of the [O~III]/H$α$ emission rapidly increases and [O~III] $λλ$4959,5007 should eventually dominate the spectrum. We observed this effect in SN~1957D 30 years after explosion which therefore may represent the normal evolution of SNII with a dense circumstellar medium. The details observed in the spectra of both SNe suggest directions for further refinement of the modelling.
description: 7 pages postscript file in a self-unpacking uuencoded file. 4 figures included. Previous was corrupted
Anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactors: A panoramic tool for wastewater treatment and resource recovery
Creators: name: Dash, Smruti Ranjan
name: Bose, Paulomi
name: Alam, Md Kawser
name: Kim, Jeonghwan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactor (AnEMBR) is to combine anaerobic membrane bioreactor with electrochemical technology. Elucidating the mechanisms of methane production kinetics and membrane fouling under electric field has been an area of intense research interest in AnEMBR. In wastewater treatment and resource recovery, the AnEMBR has been proven as a promising technology especially to overcome technical limitations confronted by conventional AnMBR system. For example, the methane production rate can be 20–50% faster under the external voltage less than 1.0 V into the AnEMBR than that without electric field. Efficient mitigation of membrane fouling also can be achieved by using the concepts of electrostatic interactions between foulants and conductive membrane or electrode materials. In this review, the fundamental aspects of methane production rate and fouling control by AnEMBR systems are discussed by critical review emphasizing reactor configurations, selection of electrode/membrane materials, and operating parameters. Furthermore, the impacts of electrochemical processes on microbial activity and the underlying mechanism occurring in the AnEMBR systems are discussed. The effects of alterations in the microbial community on reactor performance and energy recovery from the AnEMBRs are examined. Finally, suggestions to overcome current limitations faced by the AnEMBR are provided. Cutting-edge data presented in this study has the great potential to broaden the focus of translational and transdisciplinary studies on the AnEMBR as innovative technology for sustainable wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
The Bronze Tablet of Idalion
Creators: name: Perdicoyianni-Paleologou, Helen
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description: The Idalion tablette (ICS 217) is a contract between the king and the city of Idalion, on the one hand, and the doctor Onasilos and his brothers, on the other hand. It concerns the reward of the latter for having treated the wounded during the siege of the city by the Medes and Kitians.
description: Axon
Warps and Cosmic Infall
Creators: name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
name: Binney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: N-body simulations show that when infall reorientates the outer parts of a galactic halo by several degrees per Gyr, a self-gravitating disk that is embedded in the halo develops an integral-sign warp that is comparable in amplitude to observed warps. Studies of angular-momentum acquisition suggest that the required rate of halo reorientation is realistic for galaxies like the Milky Way.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to MNRAS on June 19, 1998
Topological Classification Table Implemented with Classical Passive Meta-Materials
Creators: name: Barlas, Yafis
name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological condensed matter systems from class A and class AII of the classification table have received classical electromagnetic and mechanical analogs and protected wave-guiding with such systems has been demonstrated experimentally. Here we introduce a map which generates classical analogs for all entries of the classification table, using only passive elements. Physical mechanical models are provided for all strong topological phases in dimension 2, as well as for three classes in dimension 3. This includes topological super-conducting phases, which have never been attempted with classical systems.
Infection, inflammation & innate immunity in the paediatric CF airway
Creators: name: Thursfield, Rebecca Marie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis focuses on infection and immunity within the airways in cystic fibrosis (CF), particularly the role of the antimicrobial peptides (part of the innate immune system) and their relationship to vitamin D status. Vitamin D response elements have been identified in the genes encoding the antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin (LL37) and human β defensins (HBD-2) and in-vitro vitamin D significantly induces expression of these peptides in both CF and non-CF bronchial epithelial cells. As innate defence is pivotal to airway health and is one of the proposed ways that vitamin D deficiency contributes to worsening respiratory health, this thesis will consider first immunity of the normal airway and the interactions with vitamin D and then discuss the pathophysiology of CF and the role of vitamin D on the innate immune system within CF. The role of vitamin D on infection and inflammation in the airways of infants with CF is explored and the impact of Vitamin D levels seen immunologically and functionally over the first year of life is described. Finally the role of vitamin D as an immunomodulatory molecule is explored in a greater range of CF disease severity and age. Through the various parameters explored, in different CF patient populations, the conclusion remains the same; vitamin D deficiency is not associated with increased infection, greater inflammation nor a worse clinical outcome. The possible reasons for the lack of any relationship are discussed in the final chapter; either a missed signal because the levels studied were on the low or high flat parts of a 2 sigmoid relationship thus effects seen only in really severe deficiency or because supra-high levels are needed to see any effect, the effect being lost in the inflammation seen within the CF airway or a true lack of relationship.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0758
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0758, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0758, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Georges-Joseph Durand d'Elecourt
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Source: http://www.sudoc.fr/080675700
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
A New $Σ-D$ Relation and Its Application to the Galactic Supernova Remnant Distribution
Creators: name: Case, Gary L.
name: Bhattacharya, Dipen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Technological advances in radio telescopes and X-ray instruments over the last 20 years have greatly increased the number of known supernova remnants (SNRs) and led to a better determination of their properties. In particular, more SNRs now have reasonably determined distances. However, many of these distances were determined kinematically using old rotation curves (based on $R_{\sun} = 10$ kpc and $V_{\sun} = 250$ km/s). A more modern rotation curve (based on $R_{\sun} = 8.5$ kpc and $V_{\sun} = 220$ km/s) is used to verify or recalculate the distances to these remnants. We use a sample of 36 shell SNRs (37 including Cas A) with known distances to derive a new radio surface brightness-to-diameter ($Σ-D$) relation. The slopes derived here ($β= -2.64$ including Cas A, $β= -2.38$ without Cas A) are significantly flatter than those derived in previous studies. An independent test of the accuracy of the $Σ-D$ relation was performed by using the extragalactic SNRs in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The limitations of the $Σ-D$ relation and the assumptions necessary for its use are discussed. A revised Galactic distribution of SNRs is presented based on the revised distances as well as those calculated from this $Σ-D$ relation. A scaling method is employed to compensate for observational selection effects by computing scale factors based on individual telescope survey sensitivities, angular resolutions and sky coverage. The radial distribution of the surface density of shell SNRs, corrected for selection effects, is presented and compared to previous works.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, uses aaspp4.sty, to appear in ApJ (Sept. 10)
Extensions around z=2 QSOs
Creators: name: Aretxaga, I.
name: Boyle, B. J.
name: Terlevich, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on an R-band imaging survey of 6 high redshift (z~2) and high luminosity (M
description: uuencoded compressed postscript. The preprint is also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/preprint/PrePrint.html
Rumex roseus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex roseus

description: Rumex sinuatus Linnaeus, Amoenitates Academicae 4: 481. 1759.
Type not designated.
Original material: none traced.
Current name: Rumex roseus L. (Polygonaceae).
Note: López González (in Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 44: 581. 1987) treats this as a synonym of R. roseus L.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 804, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Discovery and Characterization of a Caustic Crossing Microlensing Event in the SMC
Creators: name: Alcock, C.
name: Allsman, R. A.
name: Alves, D.
name: Axelrod, T. S.
name: Becker, A. C.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Cook, K. H.
name: Drake, A. J.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Griest, K.
name: King, L. J.
name: Lehner, M. J.
name: Marshall, S. L.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Peterson, B. A.
name: Pratt, M. R.
name: Quinn, P. J.
name: Rhie, S. H.
name: Rodgers, A. W.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Stubbs, C. W.
name: Sutherland, W.
name: Tomaney, A.
name: Vandehei, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric observations and analysis of the second microlensing event detected towards the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), MACHO Alert 98-SMC-1. This event was detected early enough to allow intensive observation of the lightcurve. These observations revealed 98-SMC-1 to be the first caustic crossing, binary microlensing event towards the Magellanic Clouds to be discovered in progress. Frequent coverage of the evolving lightcurve allowed an accurate prediction for the date of the source crossing out of the lens caustic structure. The caustic crossing temporal width, along with the angular size of the source star, measures the proper motion of the lens with respect to the source, and thus allows an estimate of the location of the lens. Lenses located in the Galactic halo would have a velocity projected to the SMC of v^hat ~1500 km/s, while an SMC lens would typically have v^hat ~60 km/s. We have performed a joint fit to the MACHO/GMAN data presented here, including recent EROS data of this event. These joint data are sufficient to constrain the time for the lens to move an angle equal to the source angular radius; 0.116 +/- 0.010 days. We estimate a radius for the lensed source of 1.4 +/- 0.1 R_sun. This yields a projected velocity of v^hat = 84 +/- 9 km/s. Only 0.15% of halo lenses would be expected to have a v^hat value at least as small as this, while 31% of SMC lenses would be expected to have v^hat as large as this. This implies that the lensing system is more likely to reside in the SMC than in the Galactic halo.
description: 16 pages, including 3 tables and 3 figures; submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
Scholarly Editing and AI: Machine Predicted Text and Herculaneum Papyri
Creators: name: Brusuelas, James H.
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

In 2016 the Digital Restoration Initiative (DRI) at the University of Kentucky, under the direction of Professor Brent Seales, virtually unrolled a carbonized parchment scroll from Ein Gedi, revealing a copy of Leviticus written in iron gall ink. In 2019 the DRI applied a new machine learning method to reveal a Greek character written in carbon ink from an actual Herculaneum papyrus fragment. Virtual unwrapping of cultural heritage objects is a reality. The application of machine and deep learning methods to enhance difficult-to-detect ink signals in tomography will continue to evolve. This raises an important question. How will the process of editing texts that are ‘true-born virtual’ (the object can never be opened to verify the results) change to reflect the presence and dependency on AI? This paper produces a theoretical model for how a critical edition of a virtually unwrapped papyrus text must document the role of the machine. It also engages the possible requirements, in terms of Data Science, that this new type of text compels in order to ensure transparency at the level of its ‘birth’. Put simply, a new virtual edition model that is a fusion of humanities and science is needed.

description: magazén
Canonical Leggett-Garg Inequality: Nonclassicality of temporal quantum correlations under energy constraint
Creators: name: Chanda, Titas
name: Das, Tamoghna
name: Mal, Shiladitya
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonclassicality of temporal correlations pertaining to noncommutative sequential measurements is defined through the violation of macrorealistic inequalities, known as Leggett-Garg inequalities (LGI). We investigate the energy cost of the process associated with the Leggett-Garg test in the context of noiseless and Markovian noise for arbitrary initial states. We prove that in noiseless and in certain noisy scenarios, the maximal violations of LGI under the energy constraint occurs when the average energy of the process is equal to the negative of the energy of the initial state. Such a dependence of LGI on the choice of the initial state is not seen in the unconstrained case. Moreover, we find that in the presence of a moderate amount of Markovian noise, the amount of violation of LGI remains almost unaltered with a suitable choice of the evolution and dephasing operators in the neighborhood of the maximal violation line, thereby showing the robustness of temporal correlations under environmental effects.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, close to published version
Beyond borders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of human-specific faecal markers across geographical settings
Creators: name: Barrett, Leah R.
name: Beasy, Paris
name: Delgado, Yussi M. Palacios
name: Boyce, John D.
name: Leder, Karin
name: McCarthy, David T.
name: Henry, Rebekah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Human fecal waste is a global health risk associated with diarrheal diseases, responsible for approximately 1.2 million deaths annually. Microbial Source Tracking (MST) is a molecular method that evaluates environmental sources of fecal contamination, aiding quantification of this contamination and associated health risks. However, reported variations in global human gut microbiomes and geographic performance of human-specific fecal markers suggest that current MST targets may not have broad applicability across populations. This systematic review quantified the performance of human-specific fecal markers to identify those suitable for use across various geographic regions. We evaluated data from primary research articles, published before 18th October 2023, identified through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using PRISMA guidelines. 103 studies published between 1995 and 2023, spanning 34 countries, 6 continents, and 4 climate zones met inclusion criteria, with quantifiable performance metrics (sensitivity, specificity or accuracy) and a geographic testing location. Extracted data was analyzed to establish marker performance across geographic locations, climate zones, and development status. Over 80% were conducted in High-Income Countries (HICs) and >50% in temperate zones, primarily in the USA (43%), Australia (24%), and Spain (19%). Bacteroides HF183 was the most commonly tested (n = 45 studies). However, no target consistently demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, and/or accuracy >80% across different settings. Consequently, a decision tree is presented supporting selection of appropriate human-specific markers for regional-specific baseline studies. This provides critical information to support new MST research, particularly in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), assisting with informed decision and method selection for assessing risks of faecal derived pathogens.
Closterocerus whartoni Hansson 2022, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Hansson, Christer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eulophidae
Closterocerus
Closterocerus whartoni

description: Closterocerus whartoni sp.nov.
(Figs 187, 188, 218)
 Diagnosis. Antenna flattened, scape widest at apex (Fig. 188); pronotal collar with a weak carina along anterior margin (Fig. 187); midlobe of mesoscutum with four pairs of weak setae (Fig. 187); fore wing dark infuscate with a hyaline band close to apical margin (Figs 188, 218); hind tarsus with T1–3 white, T4 dark brown (Fig. 188); length of body female 1.6mm.
Female holotype: length of body 1.6mm.
Antenna dark brown. Frons golden-green. Vertex metallic bluish-purple. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and dorsellum metallic bluish-purple. Propodeum metallic purple. Coxae, femora, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, fore tibia whitish with base brown; tarsi with T1–3 white, T4 dark brown. Fore wing dark infuscate with a hyaline band close to apical margin; hind wing hyaline. Petiole dark brown. Gaster metallic bluish-purple.
Antenna flattened, scape widest at apex. Frons with strong reticulation; frontofacial suture V-shaped. Vertex with strong reticulation. Subtorular sutures present. Occipital margin rounded.
Pronotal collar with a weak carina along anterior margin. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with strong reticulation; notauli distinct in anterior one-half; midlobe of mesoscutum with four pairs of weak setae. Dorsellum convex and smooth. Propodeum smooth, without median carina; callus with two setae. Fore wing speculum closed; with a stigmal hairline and with radial cell bare.
 Petiole very short, just a narrow band. Gaster ovate-elongate; Gt 1-2 smooth, remaining tergites with weak reticulation.
Relative measurements: head length dorsal 20; head length frontal 21; head width 38; POL 8; OOL 3.5; lateral ocellus maximum width 3; eye length 16; malar space 6.5; mouth width 10; mesosoma length 49; mesosoma width 36; mesoscutellum length 19; mesoscutellum width 21; fore wing length 84; fore wing width 52; marginal vein length 43; postmarginal vein length 3; stigmal vein length 8; fore wing marginal fringe length 4; gaster length 53; gaster width 34.
Male. Unknown.
 Hosts. Unknown.
 Distribution. Mexico.
 Material examined.
Type material. Holotype ♀ “ MEXICO: Oaxaca, Llano de las Flores, 17.vii.1987, 8900’ [2713m], R. Wharton ” (TAMU).
 Etymology. Named after Robert Wharton (TAMU), collector of the holotype.
description: Published as part of Hansson, Christer, 2022, Eulophidae Of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 4 The Genus Closterocerus Westwood S. Str., pp. 1-137 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 1 (1) on pages 83-84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6464279
Pedro Salina’s Library
Creators: name: González García, Juana María
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description: This article informs about the discovery in the Biblioteca Nacional de España of a book list that summarises of Pedro Salinas’ library at the start of Spanish civil war, and some letters which explain what happened with this library after it was confiscated. This recent finding provides valuable information regarding roles played by institutions in charge of protecting Spanish cultural patrimony and give it back to its rightful owners, provides a better understanding of what happened with Pedro Salina’s library during the war, and completes prior studies by confirming which books were part of it.
description: Rassegna iberistica
Impact of EDGES 21cm Global Signal on Primordial Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Yoshiura, Shintaro
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Takahashi, Tomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of the recent observation of the 21cm global signal by EDGES on primordial power spectrum, particularly focusing on the running parameters $α_s$ and $ β_s$ which characterize the detailed scale dependence of the primordial spectrum. When primordial power spectrum is enhanced/suppressed on small scales, the structure formation proceeds faster/slower and changes the abundance of small size halos, which affects the sources of Lyman $α$ radiation at high redshifts to alter the position of the absorption line. Recent observation of EDGES detected the 21cm absorption line at $z=17.2$ and this result also indicates that the brightness temperature is consistent with zero for $z \lesssim 14$ and $z \gtrsim 22$, which can exclude a scenario giving the absorption line at such redshifts. We argue that the bound on the running parameters can be obtained by requiring that the absorption line should not exceed observational bounds at such redshift ranges and found that some parameter space of $α_s$ and $β_s$ allowed by Planck may be disfavored for some values of astrophysical parameters.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Definiteness Marking in Earlier Stages of Arabic
Creators: name: Grande, Francesco
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This study investigates definiteness marking in earlier stages of Arabic, based on a corpus of Classical Arabic idols' names attested in technical prose. The latter mentions not only Arabic idols, the names of which bear definite markers, but also the tribal units that worshipped them. Relying upon attestations of this sort, the present study investigates the areal distribution of definiteness marking in earlier stages of Arabic. Finally, it compares the results of such an investigation with the current knowledge on the areal distribution of definiteness marking in earlier stages of Arabic, based on epigraphic and dialectological evidence.

description: Annali di Ca’ Foscari. Serie orientale
Closterocerus woolleyi Hansson 2022, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Hansson, Christer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eulophidae
Closterocerus
Closterocerus woolleyi

description: Closterocerus woolleyi sp.nov.
(Figs 189–191, 217, 230, 231)
 Diagnosis. Antenna flattened, scape widest at apex, all flagellomeres distinctly separated (Figs 190, 230); frontofacial suture straight (Fig. 231); vertex long and flat, 0.9× as long as wide (Figs 191, 230); fore wing hyaline with apical margin and part below stigmal vein infuscate (Figs 190, 217); pronotal collar without a carina along anterior margin (Fig. 189); midlobe of mesoscutum with one pair of strong setae (Figs 189, 190); hind tarsus white; length of body female 1.1mm.
Female holotype: length of body 1.1mm.
Antenna dark brown. Head with frons golden-green; vertex metallic bluish-purple. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum metallic bluish-purple. Dorsellum and propodeum metallic purple. Fore and mid leg white; hind coxa dark brown, hind femur infuscate with apex white, hind tibia white with base infuscate; tarsus white. Fore wing hyaline with apical margin and part below stigmal vein infuscate, hind wing hyaline. Petiole dark brown. Gaster dark brown with metallic purple tinges.
Antenna flattened, scape widest at apex. Frons and vertex with strong reticulation; vertex flat, 0.9× as long as wide. Frontofacial suture straight. Subtorular sutures present. Occipital margin rounded.
Pronotal collar without a carina along anterior margin. Mesoscutum with strong reticulation; notauli distinct in anterior one-half; midlobe with one pair of strong setae. Mesoscutellum convex, with strong reticulation, posterior part with weak reticulation. Dorsellum convex and smooth. Propodeum smooth without median carina; callus with two setae. Fore wing speculum closed; with a stigmal hairline and with radial cell bare.
 Petiole very short, just a narrow band. Gaster ovate; Gt 1-3 smooth, remaining tergites with weak reticulation.
Relative measurements: head length dorsal 17; head length frontal 14; head width 29; POL 5; OOL 3; lateral ocellus maximum width 2; eye length 11.5; malar space 4; mouth width 9; mesosoma length 32; mesosoma width 21; mesoscutellum length 12.5; mesoscutellum width 17.5; fore wing length 52; fore wing width 31; marginal vein length 29; postmarginal vein length 1.5; stigmal vein length 3.5; fore wing marginal fringe length 6.5; gaster length 43; gaster width 23.
Male. Unknown.
 Hosts. Unknown.
 Distribution. Mexico.
 Material examined.
Type material. Holotype ♀ “ MEXICO: Chiapas, 8 miles N Berriozabal, 9.viii.1990, 3600’ [1097m], J.B. Woolley, 90/057B” (TAMU).
 Etymology. Named after James B. Woolley (TAMU), collector of the holotype.
description: Published as part of Hansson, Christer, 2022, Eulophidae Of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 4 The Genus Closterocerus Westwood S. Str., pp. 1-137 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 1 (1) on pages 84-85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6464279
Edge effect pinning in mesoscopic superconducting strips with non-uniform distribution of defects
Creators: name: Kimmel, Gregory J.
name: Glatz, Andreas
name: Vinokur, Valerii M.
name: Sadovskyy, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport characteristics of nano-sized superconducting strips and bridges are determined by an intricate interplay of surface and bulk pinning. In the limiting case of a very narrow bridge, the critical current is mostly defined by its surface barrier, while in the opposite case of very wide strips it is dominated by its bulk pinning properties. Here we present a detailed study of the intermediate regime, where the critical current is determined, both, by randomly placed pinning centers and by the Bean-Livingston barrier at the edge of the superconducting strip in an external magnetic field. We use the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations to describe the vortex dynamics and current distribution in the critical regime. Our studies reveal that while the bulk defects arrest vortex motion away from the edges, defects in their close vicinity promote vortex penetration, thus suppressing the critical current. We determine the spatial distribution of the defects optimizing the critical current and find that it is in general non-uniform and asymmetric: the barrier at the vortex-exit edge influence the critical current much stronger than the vortex-entrance edge. Furthermore, this optimized defect distribution has a more than 30% higher critical current density than a homogeneously disorder superconducting film.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Rumex spinosus Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex spinosus

description: Rumex spinosus, spec. nov.
 20. Rumex floribus androgynis: calycibus femineis monophyllis: valvulis exterioribus reflexo-uncinatis: Hort. ups. 89.
 Rumex floribus androgynis, calycibus fructus uncinatis. Hort. cliff. 139. Roy. lugdb. 230.
 Beta cretica, semine aculeato. Bauh. pin. 118. prodr. 57.
 Beta cretica, semine spinoso. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 962.
 Habitat in Creta . ☉
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 337, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Precision Photometry for Q0957+561 Images A and B
Creators: name: Colley, Wesley N.
name: Schild, Rudolph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the persuasive determination of the time-delay in Q0957+561, much interest has centered around shifting and subtracting the A and B light-curves to look for residuals due to microlensing. Solar mass objects in the lens galaxy produce variations on timescales of decades, with amplitudes of a few tenths of a magnitude, but MACHO's (with masses of order $10^{-3}$ to $10^{-7}M_\odot$) produce variations at only the 5% level. To detect such small variations, highly precise photometry is required. To that end, we have used 200 observations over three nights to examine the effects of seeing on the light-curves. We have determined that seeing itself can be responsible for correlated 5% variations in the light-curves of A and B. We have found, however, that these effects can be accurately removed, by subtracting the light from the lens galaxy, and by correcting for cross contamination of light between the closely juxtaposed A and B images. We find that these corrections improve the variations due to seeing from 5% to a level only marginally detectable over photon shot noise (0.5%).
description: 21 Pages with 9 PostScript figures, AASTeX 4 (preprint style)