cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Nonlinearity in Hybrid KMC-Continuum models
Creators: name: Balter, Ariel
name: Lin, Guang
name: Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been interest in developing efficient ways to model heterogeneous surface reactions with hybrid computational models that couple a KMC model for a surface to a finite difference model for bulk diffusion in a continuous domain. We consider two representative problems that validate a hybrid method and also show that this method captures the combined effects of nonlinearity and stochasticity. We first validate a simple deposition/dissolution model with a linear rate showing that the KMC-continuum hybrid agrees with both a fully deterministic model and its analytical solution. We then study a deposition/dissolution model including competitive adsorption, which leads to a nonlinear rate, and show that, in this case, the KMC-continuum hybrid and fully deterministic simulations do not agree. However, we are able to identify the difference as a natural result of the stochasticity coming from the KMC surface process. Because KMC captures inherent fluctuations, we consider it to be more realistic than a purely deterministic model. Therefore, we consider the KMC-continuum hybrid to be more representative of a real system.
title: Cost-effectiveness of dual-energy CT versus multiphase single-energy CT and MRI for characterization of incidental indeterminate renal lesions
Creators: name: Mastrodicasa, Domenico
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Economics
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Incidental renal lesions are commonly encountered due to the higher utilization of medical imaging and the increasing prevalence of renal lesions with age [1-4]. Most incidentally discovered small renal lesions are benign, but a growing number of...
Bivariate representation and conjugacy class zeta functions associated to unipotent group schemes
Creators: name: Macedo Lins de Araujo, Paula
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 510

description: The main topic of this doctoral thesis is zeta functions of groups. Let G be a unipotent group scheme defined over the ring of integers O of a number field. The group G(O) of O-rational points is a finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent group. We introduce two bivariate zeta functions related to groups of the form G(O): firstly the bivariate representation zeta function of G(O), which enumerates the isomorphism classes of irreducible complex representations of finite dimensions of its congruence quotients, and secondly the bivariate conjugacy class zeta function of G(O), which enumerates the conjugacy classes of each size of its congruence quotients. These zeta functions might be used as tools for understanding another (univariate) zeta functions, as they both specialise to class number zeta functions, which enumerate class numbers of the congruence quotients. Additionally, in case of nilpotency class two, bivariate representation zeta functions specialise to twist representation zeta functions, which are zeta functions enumerating the irreducible complex characters of finite dimensions up to tensoring by one-dimensional characters. We show that bivariate representation and bivariate conjugacy class zeta functions satisfy Euler decompositions and that almost all of their Euler factors are rational and satisfy functional equations. We also prove that they converge on some domains and, furthermore, their maximal domains of convergence and meromorphic continuation are independent of the number field O considered, up to finitely many local factors. We provide formulae for the bivariate zeta functions of three infinite families of groups of nilpotency class two of the form G(O) which generalise the Heisenberg group of 3 x 3-unitriangular matrices over O. As an application, we establish formulae for the joint distributions of three statistics on finite hyperoctahedral groups.
TopBot: Automated network topology detection with a mobile robot
Creators: name: Blaer, Paul S.
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Robotics

description: We have demonstrated that a properly-equipped mobile robot can easily construct a detailed map of the wireless coverage of an urban environment. The Autonomous Vehicle for Exploration and Navigation of Urban Environments (AVENUE) mobile robot was successfully used to generate such maps in both manual and autonomous modes of operation. The resulting database contained a wealth of information for many different positions in the region, with a list of all access points viewable from each location together with a quality measure (the signal-to-noise ratio) of every detected signal. At a later time, the AVENUE system effectively used the data in this map to determine the approximate position of the robot as it traveled through the urban area.
Four Decades of Research on Racial Equity and Justice in Urban Planning
Creators: name: Nguyen, Mai Thi
name: Kwon, Joungwon
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description:
How have urban planners addressed racial equity and justice in their scholarship? Using topic modeling and qualitative text coding, this study analyzed articles from twenty top urban planning journals from 1980 to 2019. The findings indicate that only 1.8 percent of planning articles are related to racial equity and justice throughout the four decades, with a slight uptick in attention paid to these topics in recent years. The dearth of planning scholarship on these topics in high-impact journals suggests that planning, as an academic discipline, has not prioritized and centered research and teaching about racial equity and justice.
The role of Atlantic Ocean-atmosphere coupling in affecting North Atlantic oscillation variability
Creators: name: Czaja, Arnaud
name: Robertson, Andrew W.
name: Huck, Thierry
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Meteorology
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: We review the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions over the Atlantic sector in North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability. The emphasis is on physical mechanisms, which are illustrated in simple models and analyzed in observations and numerical models. Some directions of research are proposed to better assess the relevance of Atlantic air-sea interactions to observed and simulated NAO variability.
Examining the Climate Change Impacts on Floral Diversity in Bangladesh: The Way of Forest Mensuration
Creators: name: Rahman, Md Mizanur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Forest biodiversity
Forest ecosystems
Ecological impacts of climate change and ecological adaptation

description: The overall objective of the study was to examine the impact of climate change on floral diversity through forest mensuration. Only secondary data were used in this study. Inventory data can be integrated with environmental and climatic information to understand the drivers of forest stand dynamics under a changing climate in Bangladesh, where long-term forest data series are absent. Establishing circular plots at the core areas of each conservation can provide sufficient data to understand the natural dynamics. Calculation of biodiversity indices like Species richness, Similarity index, Importance Value Index, Shannon-Wiener Index, Simpson Index, the evenness and Disturbance Index can be effectively used to understand the drivers of forest stand dynamics under a changing climate and anthropogenic disturbances.
A Holistic Approach to Service Survivability
Creators: name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Parekh, Janak J.
name: Gross, Philip N.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Misra, Vishal
name: Nieh, Jason
name: Rubenstein, Daniel Stuart
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present SABER (Survivability Architecture: Block, Evade, React), a proposed survivability architecture that blocks, evades and reacts to a variety of attacks by using several security and survivability mechanisms in an automated and coordinated fashion. Contrary to the ad hoc manner in which contemporary survivable systems are built-using isolated, independent security mechanisms such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems and software sandboxes-SABER integrates several different technologies in an attempt to provide a unified framework for responding to the wide range of attacks malicious insiders and outsiders can launch. This coordinated multi-layer approach will be capable of defending against attacks targeted at various levels of the network stack, such as congestion-based DoS attacks, software-based DoS or code-injection attacks, and others. Our fundamental insight is that while multiple lines of defense are useful, most conventional, uncoordinated approaches fail to exploit the full range of available responses to incidents. By coordinating the response, the ability to survive successful security breaches increases substantially. We discuss the key components of SABER, how they will be integrated together, and how we can leverage on the promising results of the individual components to improve survivability in a variety of coordinated attack scenarios. SABER is currently in the prototyping stages, with several interesting open research topics.
Entropy bounds in terms of the w parameter
Creators: name: Abreu, Gabriel
name: Barcelo, Carlos
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a pair of recent articles [PRL 105 (2010) 041302 - arXiv:1005.1132; JHEP 1103 (2011) 056 - arXiv:1012.2867] two of the current authors have developed an entropy bound for equilibrium uncollapsed matter using only classical general relativity, basic thermodynamics, and the Unruh effect. An odd feature of that bound, S <= A/2, was that the proportionality constant, 1/2, was weaker than that expected from black hole thermodynamics, 1/4. In the current article we strengthen the previous results by obtaining a bound involving the (suitably averaged) w parameter. Simple causality arguments restrict this averaged parameter to be <= 1. When equality holds, the entropy bound saturates at the value expected based on black hole thermodynamics. We also add some clarifying comments regarding the (net) positivity of the chemical potential. Overall, we find that even in the absence of any black hole region, we can nevertheless get arbitrarily close to the Bekenstein entropy.
description: V1: 14 pages. V2: One reference added. V3: This version accepted for publication in JHEP
title: Clinical impact of iterative model-based reconstruction algorithm in CT Cardiovascular Imaging: image quality and radiation exposure of low dose approach with low contrast media volume
Creators: name: Porta, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Prospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To evaluate dose reduction and image quality of low-dose (80 kV) Computed Tomography (CT) examinations combined with new model-based iterative algorithm (IMR) in several fields of cardiovascular imaging, and to compare with standardCT angiography...
Evidence For Cloud-Cloud Collision and Parsec-Scale Stellar Feedback Within the L1641-N Region
Creators: name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Miura, Tomoya
name: Kitamura, Yoshimi
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Ikeda, Norio
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Nishi, Ryoichi
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial resolution $^{12}$CO ($J=1-0$) images taken by the Nobeyama 45m telescope toward a $48' \times 48'$ area including the L1641-N cluster. The effective spatial resolution of the maps is $21"$, corresponding to 0.04 pc at a distance of 400 pc. A recent 1.1 mm dust continuum map reveals that the dense gas is concentrated in several thin filaments. We find that a few dust filaments are located at the parts where $^{12}$CO ($J=1-0$) emission drops sharply. Furthermore, the filaments have two-components with different velocities. The velocity difference between the two-components is about 3 km s$^{-1}$, corresponding to a Mach number of 10, significantly larger than the local turbulent velocity in the cloud. These facts imply that the collision of the two components (hereafter, the cloud-cloud collision) possibly contributed to the formation of these filaments. Since the two components appear to overlap toward the filaments on the plane of the sky, the collision may have occurred almost along the line of sight. Star formation in the L1641-N cluster was probably triggered by such a collision. We also find several parsec-scale CO shells whose centers are close to either the L1641-N cluster or V 380 Ori cluster. We propose that these shells were created by multiple winds and/or outflows from cluster YSOs, i.e., "protocluster winds." One exceptional dust filament located at the western cloud edge lies along a shell; it is presumably a part of the expanding shell. Both the cloud-cloud collision and protocluster winds are likely to influence the cloud structure and kinematics in this region.
description: 44 pages, 12 figures, submitted to ApJ
What Is the Democratic Party Base?
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: For many, the Democratic base includes African Americans, Latinos, gays and lesbians, young voters, union members and women.  These voters combine for about 70 percent of the electorate, so obviously they are not all the base.
Designing a novel 3-D in-Vitro scaffold to define mechanisms underlying neuronal myelination
Creators: name: Shahidi, Sahar
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Myelination
subject: Education--Health

description: All nervous system functions in animals require neuronal assembly during development and the ensuing communications between large networks of neurons, which are often difficult to monitor in the intact brain. As such, most labs around the globe have opted to use and explore in vitro model systems where neurons are generally grown on two-dimensional, plane glass substrates, which limit the ability to decipher fundamental understanding of the mechanisms underlying neuronal growth, polarity and synapse specificity. Most approaches used today employ 2-D models where neurons are cultured on the Poly-D-lysine (PDL) coated substrate which does not mimic the 3-D configuration of the intact mammalian brain – thus limiting a direct comparison between in vivo and in vitro conditions. Assessing cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuronal myelination are critical to determine how myelination and demyelination processes occur in vertebrate models so as to understand developmental and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, there are no suitable in vitro models available to date whereby the process of axon myelination could be studied directly at the level of individual central and peripheral neurons. In contrast to PDL, collagen offers a 3-D structure in which neurons can be suspended in a 3-D configuration, allowing glia to gain access to axonal membrane to exhibit myelination. However, we still lack a reliable 3-D model where mechanisms of neuronal polarity and myelination could be studied at the level of individual peripheral and central neurons. In this study, I designed a 3D substrate comprising of a gelatin base hydrogel with tunable chemical mechanical properties. Using rat Dorsal Root Ganglia Cells (DRG) and their corresponding Schwann cells (SC), I compared and contrasted the effectiveness of GelMA with PDL and Collagen substrates and provide the first direct evidence that the former is more conducive to studying myelination than the later two. Moreover, I also demonstrate that both DRG growth and SC behavior on GelMA resembles to what is seen in vivo thus validating further the usefulness of this substrate for future studies.
title: Comparison of lumbar spine shape models derived from MRI and DXA images
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Liliana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Segmentation
subject: MR
subject: Absorptiometry / Bone densitometry
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Shape modelling has been suggested as a good predictor of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders [1,2]. It has been reported that patients at increased risk for osteoporotic hip fracture can be identified by combining shape modelling and Bone Mineral...
title: New findings in the diagnostic algorithm of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder pain syndrome with Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Ballerini, Daniela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Observer performance
subject: Image verification
subject: Outcomes
subject: Retrospective
subject: Case-control study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is defined as a chronic pelvic pain condition (>6 months) associated with at least another urinary symptom (usually pollakiuria or urge to void) which affects mostly women [1] . It is usually...
Characterization of a tagged $γ$-ray beam line at the DA$Φ$NE Beam Test Facility
Creators: name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Argan, A.
name: Boffelli, F.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Buonomo, B.
name: Chen, A. W.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Froysland, T.
name: Fuschino, F.
name: Galli, M.
name: Gianotti, F.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Longo, F.
name: Marisaldi, M.
name: Mazzitelli, G.
name: Pellizzoni, A.
name: Prest, M.
name: Pucella, G.
name: Quintieri, L.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Trifoglio, M.
name: Trois, A.
name: Valente, P.
name: Vallazza, E.
name: Vercellone, S.
name: Zambra, A.
name: Barbiellini, G.
name: Caraveo, P.
name: Cocco, V.
name: Costa, E.
name: De Paris, G.
name: Del Monte, E.
name: Di Cocco, G.
name: Donnarumma, I.
name: Evangelista, Y.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Ferrari, A.
name: Fiorini, M.
name: Labanti, C.
name: Lapshov, I.
name: Lazzarotto, F.
name: Lipari, P.
name: Mastropietro, M.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Morelli, E.
name: Moretti, E.
name: Morselli, A.
name: Pacciani, L.
name: Perotti, F.
name: Piano, G.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Porrovecchio, G.
name: Rapisarda, M.
name: Rubini, A.
name: Sabatini, S.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Striani, E.
name: Vittorini, V.
name: Zanello, D.
name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Pittori, C.
name: Santolamazza, P.
name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Salotti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the core of the AGILE scientific instrument, designed to operate on a satellite, there is the Gamma Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) consisting of a Silicon Tracker (ST), a Cesium Iodide Mini-Calorimeter and an Anti-Coincidence system of plastic scintillator bars. The ST needs an on-ground calibration with a $γ$-ray beam to validate the simulation used to calculate the energy response function and the effective area versus the energy and the direction of the $γ$ rays. A tagged $γ$-ray beam line was designed at the Beam Test Facility (BTF) of the INFN Laboratori Nazionali of Frascati (LNF), based on an electron beam generating $γ$ rays through bremsstrahlung in a position-sensitive target. The $γ$-ray energy is deduced by difference with the post-bremsstrahlung electron energy \cite{prest}-\cite{hasan}. The electron energy is measured by a spectrometer consisting of a dipole magnet and an array of position sensitive silicon strip detectors, the Photon Tagging System (PTS). The use of the combined BTF-PTS system as tagged photon beam requires understanding the efficiency of $γ$-ray tagging, the probability of fake tagging, the energy resolution and the relation of the PTS hit position versus the $γ$-ray energy. This paper describes this study comparing data taken during the AGILE calibration occurred in 2005 with simulation.
description: 23 pages; 17 figures. Second and final version accepted by Nucl. Instr. & Meth. A
Amplitude death in complex networks induced by environment
Creators: name: Resmi, V.
name: Ambika, G.
name: Amritkar, R. E.
name: Rangarajan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism for amplitude death in coupled nonlinear dynamical systems on a complex network having interactions with a common environment-like external system. We develop a general stability analysis that is valid for any network topology and obtain the threshold values of coupling constants for the onset of amplitude death. An important outcome of our study is a universal relation between the critical coupling strength and the largest non-zero eigenvalue of the coupling matrix. Our results are fully supported by the detailed numerical analysis for different network topologies.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
The Middle Class: How We Got One and Why We Need to Keep it
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Because of the strong overlap between American values and middle class values, being middle class is often assumed to be the socio-economic state of nature by American. The history of the American middle class, however, is quite different.
Parameters of Heavy Quark Effective Theory from Nf=2 lattice QCD
Creators: name: Blossier, Benoit
name: Della Morte, Michele
name: Fritzsch, Patrick
name: Garron, Nicolas
name: Heitger, Jochen
name: Simma, Hubert
name: Sommer, Rainer
name: Tantalo, Nazario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a non-perturbative determination of the parameters of the lattice Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET) Lagrangian and of the time component of the heavy-light axial-vector current with Nf=2 flavors of massless dynamical quarks. The effective theory is considered at the 1/mh order, and the heavy mass mh covers a range from slightly above the charm to beyond the beauty region. These HQET parameters are needed to compute, for example, the b-quark mass, the heavy-light spectrum and decay constants in the static approximation and to order 1/mh in HQET. The determination of the parameters is done non-perturbatively. The computation reported in this paper uses the plaquette gauge action and two different static actions for the heavy quark described by HQET. For the light-quark action we choose non-perturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson fermions.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Algorithms design for localization and vehicle-to-grid control
Creators: name: Wenbo, Shi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Location is the fundamental information in wireless networks to support a variety of applications. In the first part of the thesis, we focus on designing localization algorithms in wireless sensor networks and radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. For localization in wireless sensor networks, we study the problem of locating sensors in irregular areas. We formulate the localization problem as a constrained least-penalty problem. We then propose a two-phase algorithm to eliminate the impact of irregularities. Simulation results show that the two-phase algorithm outperforms some of the existing multihop localization algorithms in terms of a lower average localization error in both C-shaped and S-shaped topologies. For localization in RFID systems, we propose a novel approach named MDS-RFID to locate active RFID tags based on multidimensional scaling (MDS), an efficient data analysis technique. The approach has the advantage of fully utilizing the distance information in the network, and thus can achieve better localization results than previous methods. To evaluate the performance of the proposed MDS-RFID algorithm, we perform extensive simulations and experiments to compare it with existing RFID localization schemes. Simulation results show that the MDS-RFID algorithm can achieve a lower average localization error than multilateration and the LANDMARC system. The experimental results validate the simulations results and show the performance gain of the MDS-RFID algorithm over multilateration and LANDMARC in a real RFID system. In the second part of the thesis, we shift our focus from localization to vehicle-to-grid (V2G), an emerging system in future smart grid to enable the power flow from the electric vehicles (EVs) to the grid. We study the V2G control problem under price uncertainty brought up by the real-time pricing scheme. We model the electricity price as a Markov chain and formulate the problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). The Q-learning algorithm is then used to adapt the control operations to the hourly available electricity prices. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can work effectively in the real electricity market and it is able to increase the profit significantly compared with the conventional EV charging scheme.
Global disorder transition in the community structure of large-q Potts systems
Creators: name: Ronhovde, Peter
name: Hu, Dandan
name: Nussinov, Zohar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a global disorder transition when identifying community structure in an arbitrary complex network. Earlier, we illustrated [Phil. Mag. 92, 406 (2012)] that "community detection" (CD) generally exhibits disordered (or unsolvable) and ordered (solvable) phases of both high and low computational complexity along with corresponding transitions from regular to chaotic dynamics in derived systems. Using an exact generalized dimensional reduction inequality, multivariate Tutte polynomials, and other considerations, we illustrate how increasing the number of communities q emulates increasing the heat bath temperature T for a general weighted Potts model, leading to global disorder in the community structure of arbitrary large graphs. Dimensional reduction bounds lead to results similar to those suggested by mean-field type approaches. Large systems tend toward global insolvability in the limit of large q above a crossover temperature $T_\times\approx L|J_e|/[N\ln{} q]$ where |J_e| is a typical interaction strength, L is the number of edges, and N is the number of nodes. For practical system sizes, a solvable phase is generally accessible at low T. The global nature of the disorder transition does not preclude solutions by local CD algorithms (even those that employ global cost function parameters) as long as community evaluations are locally determined.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; accepted version with minor editing, corrected indices in one equation, results unchanged, revised references
title: Use of local anesthesia only for percutaneous cryoablation of small renal masses
Creators: name: Sachs, Camilla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Sedation
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Cancer
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Kidney
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Interventional Radiology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Cryoablation is a treatment option for small renal masses for two decades [1]. Although the anaesthetic effect of cryoablation is commonly known [2][3], many Centers still perform it with anesthesiologic monitoring and support [4]. Our aim is to...
title: Automated Segmentation and Quantification of the Healthy and Diseased Aorta in CT-Angiographies Using a Dedicated Deep Learning Approach
Creators: name: Sieren, Malte
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Experimental
subject: Retrospective
subject: Image registration
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Segmentation
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Neural networks
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Vascular
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Three-dimensional (3D) segmentation of vessels is increasingly used in clinical routine for advanced quantification of pathologies, e.g. prior to EVAR procedures, and for perioperative visualization of anatomical structures supporting surgeons [1]....
How Does Growth Affect Everyday Corruption?
Creators: name: Ahuja, Amit
name: Mehta, Aashish
Publisher: name: Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics
Year: 2023

description: Economic growth’s effects on government efforts to combat citizen-facing, public-service corruption varies in a puzzling way across services. Over two high-growth decades in India, those services undergoing the largest increases in demand, and therefore in rent-extraction opportunities, saw more robust anti-corruption reforms than did services experiencing weaker or even negative demand growth. In this paper, the authors build theoretical models that can explain why growth induced the state to more aggressively shut down its fastest-growing rent opportunities. They show that the net effect of growth on anti-corruption efforts in a service depends upon the balance of three growth-induced outcomes – two negative and one positive. Exit of richer, high-voice citizens from the service reduces public pressure for reforms, while entry of poorer low-voice citizens enhances opportunities for rent extraction without increasing accountability. Conversely, growth empowers existing service users to demand anti-corruption reforms. The balance between exit, entry and empowerment forces explains why growth leads government to clean up corruption in services that the middle classes and rich continue to use, and concentrates corruption in the services they leave behind. By inducing stronger anticorruption efforts in the services used by richer citizens, growth makes everyday corruption more of a “tax on the poor”. We illustrate how growth disproportionately empowered richer citizens to successfully demand reforms by analyzing changes to the passport service and the railway reservation system. We also validate the model’s main mechanisms statistically through a case study of India’s rural elementary schools, where anti-corruption reforms have lagged. These results suggest that designing services to discourage exit by their richer users could help to harness the anti-corruption benefits of growth for the rest. Keywords: Corruption, Economic Growth, Public Services, Voice, Exit, Entry, Anti-corruption reforms, Accountability, State Institutions, Passport issuance, Railway Reservation, Teacher Absenteeism. JEL Codes: H11, H42, D73, O12, O17
description: Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, No. 81 (2023): How Does Growth Affect Everyday Corruption?
Looking for meson molecules in B decays
Creators: name: Bediaga, I.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Nielsen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of observing a loosely bound molecular state in a B three-body hadronic decay. In particular we use the QCD sum rule approach to study a $η^\prime-π$ molecular current. We consider an isovector-scalar $I^G J^{PC}= 1^-~0^{++}$ molecular current and we use the two-point and three-point functions to study the mass and decay width of such state. We consider the contributions of condensates up to dimension six and we work at leading order in $α_s$. We obtain a mass around 1.1 GeV, consistent with a loosely bound state, and a $η^\prime-π\rightarrow K^+ K^-$ decay width around 10 MeV.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Defying the Odds: Remittances during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Kpodar, Kangni
name: Mlachila, Montfort
name: Quayyum, Saad
name: Gammadigbe, Vigninou
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: This paper provides an early assessment of the dynamics and drivers of remittances during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a newly compiled monthly remittance dataset for a sample of 52 countries, of which 16 countries have bilateral remittance data. The paper documents a strong resilience in remittance flows, notwithstanding an unprecedent global recession triggered by the pandemic. Using the local projection approach to estimate the impulse response functions of remittance flows during January 2020–December 2020, the paper provides evidence that: (i) remittances responded positively to COVID-19 infection rates in migrant home countries, underscoring its role as an important automatic stabilizer; (ii) stricter containment measures have the unintended consequence of dampening remittances; and (iii) a shift from informal to formal remittance channels due to travel restrictions appears to have also played a role in the surge in formal remittances. Lastly, the size of the fiscal stimulus in the host country is positively associated with remittance flows to migrants’ home country as the fiscal response cushioned the economic impact of the pandemic.
The nonlinear matter and velocity power spectra in f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Li, Baojiu
name: Hellwing, Wojciech A.
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Jennings, Elise
name: Baugh, Carlton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the matter and velocity divergence power spectra in a f(R) gravity theory and their time evolution measured from several large-volume N-body simulations with varying box sizes and resolution. We find that accurate prediction of the matter power spectrum in f(R) gravity places stronger requirements on the simulation than is the case with LCDM, because of the nonlinear nature of the fifth force. Linear perturbation theory is shown to be a poor approximation for the f(R) models, except when the chameleon effect is very weak. We show that the relative differences from the fiducial LCDM model are much more pronounced in the nonlinear tail of the velocity divergence power spectrum than in the matter power spectrum, which suggests that future surveys which target the collection of peculiar velocity data will open new opportunities to constrain modified gravity theories. A close investigation of the time evolution of the power spectra shows that there is a pattern in the evolution history, which can be explained by the properties of the chameleon-type fifth force in f(R) gravity. Varying the model parameter |f_R0|, which quantifies the strength of the departure from standard gravity, mainly varies the epoch marking the onset of the fifth force, as a result of which the different f(R) models are in different stages of the same evolutionary path at any given time
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; references added; version to appear in MNRAS
title: MRI and ultrasound evaluation of placenta previa: Jelly-Fish sign as a predictor of invasive placentation and peripartum morbidity.
Creators: name: Monelli, Filippo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Embolisation
subject: Balloon occlusion
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Pelvis
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Placenta previa is an obstetric complication that usually appears in the third trimester manifests with non-painful vaginal bleeding which is caused to an abnormal placentation on, or nearby, the internal cervical canal. It is not a rare condition...
Evaluierung der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit idiopathischer überaktiver Harnblase unter Botulinumtoxintherapie
Creators: name: Mischner, Shahidul
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die idiopathische überaktive Harnblase (idiopatic overactive bladder, iOAB) hat erhebliche psychosoziale Auswirkungen auf die individuelle Lebensqualität der Betroffenen. Als therapeutisches Mittel der ersten Wahl gelten Antimuskarinika und alternativ Beta-3-Sympathomimetika. Deren Wirksamkeit hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich verbessert, jedoch sind Nebenwirkungen und Kontraindikationen zu beachten. Inwieweit die Behandlung mit Botulinumtoxin Typ A die Lebensqualität der Patienten und die allgemeine Patientenzufriedenheit beeinflusst, wird im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung evaluiert. Grundlage der vorliegenden Arbeit waren die Daten von 51 Patienten, die im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2013 aufgrund einer idiopathischen überaktiven Harnblase in der Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Urologie des Universitätsklinikums Halle (Saale) behandelt wurden. In der vorliegenden Studie wird der positive Nutzen von Botulinumtoxin Typ A betreffs Patientenzufriedenheit und Lebensqualität sehr deutlich aufgezeigt. So stellt Botulinumtoxin Typ A als Zweitlinientherapie der iOAB eine äußerst effiziente Therapiemöglichkeit dar.
description: Idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) has significant psychosocial effects on patients’ quality of life. The first choice of treatment for iOAB is anticholinergics and, alternatively, the b-3-adrenoceptor agonist. However, systemic side effects and contraindications should be considered for both medications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and effects of botulinum toxin therapy on quality of life among patients with iOAB. Between 2005 and 2013, 51 patients were treated with botulinum toxin A (100 units) at the Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale). After botulinum toxin injection, a significant improvement in iOAB symptoms was observed. Botulinum toxin therapy is an efficient, safe, and life-improving treatment for iOAB.
title: The role of Computed Tomography in detection of actionable gynecological findings in pre-menopausal women presenting with suspected appendicitis.
Creators: name: Alshereif, Salman
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Cysts
subject: Acute
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Emergency Imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the value of computed tomography (CT) scans detection of clinically significant gynecological findings in pre/perimenopausal women that may be missed on the initial gynecological ultrasound and could explain...
Educational Inequality and the Poverty Trap in Teacher Recruitment
Creators: name: Lentini, Valeria
name: Gimenez, Gregorio
name: Valbuena, Javier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The regional concentration of poverty and the resulting disparities in living conditions create conditions where educational inequalities are intensified. These adverse conditions could lead teachers to refuse to work in disadvantaged locations that are characterised by high incidences of poverty and low-performing students. In this paper, we estimate how poverty in the districts where the schools are situated influences the probability that teachers accept a job offer in Costa Rica. Working with data on contract offers acceptance or rejection is a methodological novelty that makes it possible to dissociate students’ poverty from the poverty of the schools’ location. The estimation of a three‐level hierarchical model allows us to deal with aggregation bias and unobserved heterogeneity. The results show evidence that district poverty is a key determinant of teachers’ rejection of offers. Although the study uses data from Costa Rica, the results indicate more generally, how educational inequity can perpetuate poverty.
Fighting Bodies, Fighting Words: A Theory and Politics of Rape Prevention
Creators: name: Marcus, Sharon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Rape--Prevention
subject: Women's studies
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: In this essay I propose that we understand rape as a language and use this insight to imagine women as neither already raped nor inherently rapable. I will argue against the political efficacy of seeing rape as the fixed reality of women's lives, against an identity politics which defines women by our violability, and for a shift of scene from rape and its aftermath to rape situations themselves and to rape prevention. Many current theories of rape present rape as an inevitable material fact of life and assume that a rapist's ability to physically overcome his target is the foundation of rape. Such a view takes violence as a self-explanatory first cause and endows it with an invulnerable and terrifying facticity which stymies our ability to challenge and demystify rape.
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ·Ð° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ·Ð° Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¸Ð· Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð·Ñ
title: Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ð§Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð»Ð´Ð°, ÐÐ²Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÐÑÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð»Ð¸
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Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð°
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description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¾- Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¸ Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ·Ð° Ð¸Ð· Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð·Ñ (ÐÐ¥ÐÐÐ¤), Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ¹. Ð Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð° ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² ÐÐ¥ÐÐÐ¤ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð°, Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ·Ð° Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ð¼ Fe-Ti-O. Ð ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÑÐ°Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÑÐ° ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð°, Fe(NÐ3)3â¢9Ð2Ð. ÐÐ·ÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ°, ÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð°-Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¹.
description: The object of research is the regularities of the process of aerosol chemical deposition of nano- and microparticles of titanium and iron oxides from the gas phase (AACVD), using various solutions to create aerosols. In this work, experimental equipment has been developed and created for carrying out the AACVD processes of titanium dioxide particles, iron oxides, and Fe-Ti-O particles. Water solutions of titanium tetraisopropylate, Fe(NO3)3â¢9H2O have been used as initial solutions for aerosol generation. The dependences of particle size and their structure on the initial solution concentration, the flow rate of the carrier gas, and the temperatures of the furnaces have been studied.
WebDAVA: An Administrator-Free Approach To Web File-Sharing
Creators: name: Levine, Alexander
name: Prevelakis, Vassilis
name: Ioannidis, John
name: Ioannidis, Sotiris
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Collaboration over the Internet depends on the ability of the members of a group to exchange data in a secure yet unobtrusive manner. WebDAVA is a system that allows the users to define their own access-control policies to network resources that they control, enabling secure data sharing within the enterprise. Our design allows users to selectively give fine-grain access to their resources without involving their system administrators. We accomplish this by using authorization credentials that define the users' privileges. Our prototype implements a file-sharing service, where users maintain sensitive-information folders and can allow others to access parts of these. Clients interact with the server over HTTP via a Java applet that transparently handles credential management. This mechanism allows users to share information with users not a priori known to the system, enabling administrator-free management.