cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
3D maps of the local ISM from inversion of individual color excess measurements
Creators: name: Lallement, Rosine
name: Vergely, Jean-Luc
name: Valette, Bernard
name: Puspitarini, Lucky
name: Eyer, Laurent
name: Casagrande, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) maps of the Galactic interstellar matter (ISM) are a potential tool of wide use, however accurate and detailed maps are still lacking. One of the ways to construct the maps is to invert individual distance-limited ISM measurements, a method we have here applied to measurements of stellar color excess in the optical. We have assembled color excess data together with the associated parallax or photometric distances to constitute a catalog of ~ 23,000 sightlines for stars within 2.5 kpc. The photometric data are taken from Stromgren catalogs, the Geneva photometric database, and the Geneva-Copenhagen survey. We also included extinctions derived towards open clusters. We applied, to this color excess dataset, an inversion method based on a regularized Bayesian approach, previously used for mapping at closer distances. We show the dust spatial distribution resulting from the inversion by means of planar cuts through the differential opacity 3D distribution, and by means of 2D maps of the integrated opacity from the Sun up to various distances. The mapping assigns locations to the nearby dense clouds and represents their distribution at the spatial resolution that is allowed by the dataset properties, i.e. of the order of ~10 pc close to the Sun and increasing to ~100 pc beyond 1 kpc. Biases towards nearby and/or weakly extincted stars make this dataset particularly appropriate to map the local and neighboring cavities, and to locate faint, extended nearby clouds, both goals that are difficult or impossible with other mapping methods. The new maps reveal a ~1 kpc wide empty region in the third quadrant in the continuation of the so-called CMa tunnel of the Local Cavity, a cavity that we identify as the Superbubble GSH238+00+09 detected in radio emission maps and that is found to be bounded by the Orion and Vela clouds.
description: accepted in A&A
Geogale Milne-Edwards and G. Grandidier 1872
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Geogale

description: Geogale Milne-Edwards and G. Grandidier, 1872. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., 15(art. 19):1. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002006000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Gas signatures of Herbig Ae/Be disks probed with Herschel SPIRE spectroscopy
Creators: name: van der Wiel, Matthijs H. D.
name: Naylor, David A.
name: Aresu, Giambattista
name: Olofsson, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herbig Ae/Be objects, like their lower mass counterparts T Tauri stars, are seen to form a stable circumstellar disk which is initially gas-rich and could ultimately form a planetary system. We present Herschel SPIRE 460-1540 GHz spectra of five targets out of a sample of 13 young disk sources, showing line detections mainly due to warm CO gas.
description: to be published in proceedings of IAU symposium 299 (Victoria, BC, Canada, June 2013)
Geogale aurita Milne-Edwards and G. Grandidier 1872
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Geogale
Geogale aurita

description: Geogale aurita Milne-Edwards and G. Grandidier, 1872. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., 15(art. 19):1. TYPE LOCALITY: Madagascar; Murundava. DISTRIBUTION: N.E. and S.W. Madagascar, in Lamboharana, Tulear, and Fenerive. COMMENT: Includes Cryptogale; see Genest and Petter, 1971, Part 1.1:3. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002006001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Dynamic Stride Length Adaptation According to Utility And Personal Space
Creators: name: von Sivers, Isabella
name: Köster, Gerta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pedestrians adjust both speed and stride length when they navigate difficult situations such as tight corners or dense crowds. They try to avoid collisions and to preserve their personal space. State-of-the-art pedestrian motion models automatically reduce speed in dense crowds simply because there is no space where the pedestrians could go. The stride length and its correct adaptation, however, are rarely considered. This leads to artefacts that impact macroscopic observation parameters such as densities in front of bottlenecks and, through this, flow. Hence modelling stride adaptation is important to increase the predictive power of pedestrian models. To achieve this we reformulate the problem as an optimisation problem on a disk around the pedestrian. Each pedestrian seeks the position that is most attractive in a sense of balanced goals between the search for targets, the need for individual space and the need to keep a distance from obstacles. The need for space is modelled according to findings from psychology defining zones around a person that, when invaded, cause unease. The result is a fully automatic adjustment that allows calibration through meaningful social parameters and that gives visually natural results with an excellent fit to measured experimental data.
description: Authors version, 30 Pages, accepted for publication in Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document
Polarized light field under dynamic ocean surfaces: Numerical modeling compared with measurements
Creators: name: You, Yu
name: Kattawar, George W.
name: Voss, Kenneth J.
name: Bhandari, Purushottam
name: Wei, Jianwei
name: Lewis, Marlon
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: Schultz, Howard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Polarization (Light)--Measurement
subject: Ocean surface topography
subject: Underwater light--Measurement
subject: Brightness temperature
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Optics

description: As part of the Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) program, we have developed a numerical model for efficiently simulating the polarized light field under highly dynamic ocean surfaces. Combining the advantages of the three-dimensional Monte Carlo and matrix operator methods, this hybrid model has proven to be computationally effective for simulations involving a dynamic air-sea interface. Given water optical properties and ocean surface wave slopes obtained from RaDyO field measurements, model-simulated radiance and polarization fields under a dynamic surface are found to be qualitatively comparable to their counterparts from field measurements and should be quantitatively comparable if the light field measurement and the wave slope/water optical property measurements are appropriately collocated and synchronized. This model serves as a bridge to connect field measurements of water optical properties, wave slopes and polarized light fields. It can also be used as a powerful yet convenient tool to predict the temporal underwater polarized radiance in a real-world situation. When appropriate surface measurements are available, model simulation is shown to reveal more dynamic features in the underwater light field than direct measurements.
Quasi-Periodic Oscillations and energy spectra from the two brightest Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources in M82
Creators: name: Caballero-Garcia, M. D.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Zampieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources are thought to be accreting black holes that might host Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBH), proposed to exist by theoretical studies, even though a firm detection (as a class) is still missing. The brightest ULX in M82 (M82 X-1) is probably one of the best candidates to host an IMBH. In this work we analyzed the data of the recent release of observations obtained from M82 X-1 taken by XMM-Newton. We performed a study of the timing and spectral properties of the source. We report on the detection of (46+-2) mHz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) in the power density spectra of two observations. A comparison of the frequency of these high-frequency QPOs with previous detections supports the 1:2:3 frequency distribution as suggested in other studies. We discuss the implications if the (46+-2) mHz QPO detected in M82 X-1 is the fundamental harmonic, in analogy with the High-Frequency QPOs observed in black hole binaries. For one of the observations we have detected for the first time a QPO at 8 mHz (albeit at a low significance), that coincides with a hardening of the spectrum. We suggest that the QPO is a milli-hertz QPO originating from the close-by transient ULX M82 X-2, with analogies to the Low-Frequency QPOs observed in black hole binaries.
description: 9 pages (with 4 figures and 4 tables). Accepted for publication in MNRAS (26/09/13)
Hemicentetes Mivart 1871
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Hemicentetes

description: Hemicentetes Mivart, 1871. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871:72. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002003000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Direct covariance measurement of CO2 gas transfer velocity during the 2008 Southern Ocean Gas Exchange Experiment: Wind speed dependency
Creators: name: Edson, J. B.
name: Fairall, C. W.
name: Bariteau, L.
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: Cifuentes-Lorenzen, A.
name: McGillis, Wade R.
name: Pezoa, S.
name: Hare, J. E.
name: Helmig, D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ocean-atmosphere interaction--Measurement
subject: Atmospheric carbon dioxide--Measurement
subject: Winds--Speeds
subject: Analysis of covariance
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Atmospheric chemistry

description: Direct measurements of air-sea heat, momentum, and mass (including CO2, DMS, and water vapor) fluxes using the direct covariance method were made over the open ocean from the NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown during the Southern Ocean Gas Exchange (SO GasEx) program. Observations of fluxes and the physical processes associated with driving air-sea exchange are key components of SO GasEx. This paper focuses on the exchange of CO2 and the wind speed dependency of the transfer velocity, k, used to model the CO2 flux between the atmosphere and ocean. A quadratic dependence of k on wind speed based on dual tracer experiments is most frequently encountered in the literature. However, in recent years, bubble-mediated enhancement of k, which exhibits a cubic relationship with wind speed, has emerged as a key issue for flux parameterization in high-wind regions. Therefore, a major question addressed in SO GasEx is whether the transfer velocities obey a quadratic or cubic relationship with wind speed. After significant correction to the flux estimates (primarily due to moisture contamination), the direct covariance CO2 fluxes confirm a significant enhancement of the transfer velocity at high winds compared with previous quadratic formulations. Regression analysis suggests that a cubic relationship provides a more accurate parameterization over a wind speed range of 0 to 18 m s−1. The Southern Ocean results are in good agreement with the 1998 GasEx experiment in the North Atlantic and a recent separate field program in the North Sea.
Large low-temperature magnetoresistance in SrFe2As2 single crystals
Creators: name: Chong, S. V.
name: Williams, G. V. M.
name: Kennedy, J.
name: Fang, F.
name: Tallon, J. L.
name: Kadowaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first report on a large low-temperature magnetoresistance (MR) of more than 1600% in a SrFe2As2 single crystal and 1300% in a low-energy Ca ion-implanted SrFe2As2 single crystal that occurs before the emergence of crystallographic strain-induced bulk superconductivity arising from a sample aging effect. In accordance to band structure calculations from literature, which consitently show more than 2 bands are involved in the transport, we have modeled this large MR at high fields using a 3-carrier scenario rather than solely on quantum linear MR model generally used to explain the MR in iron-pnictides. At and below 20 K the large MR may be due to 3-carrier transport in an inhomogeneous state where there are superconducting and metallic regions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Rain-induced turbulence and air-sea gas transfer
Creators: name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: Ho, David T.
name: Banner, Michael L.
name: McGillis, Wade R.
name: Dacey, John W. H.
name: Bliven, Larry F.
name: Ma, Barry
name: Nystuen, Jeff
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Hydrodynamics--Research
subject: Turbulence
subject: Rain and rainfall--Environmental aspects
subject: Ocean-atmosphere interaction
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Hydrology

description: Results from a rain and gas exchange experiment (Bio2 RainX III) at the Biosphere 2 Center demonstrate that turbulence controls the enhancement of the air-sea gas transfer rate (or velocity) k during rainfall, even though profiles of the turbulent dissipation rate equation image are strongly influenced by near-surface stratification. The gas transfer rate scales with equation image for a range of rain rates with broad drop size distributions. The hydrodynamic measurements elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the rain-enhanced k results using SF6 tracer evasion and active controlled flux technique. High-resolution k and turbulence results highlight the causal relationship between rainfall, turbulence, stratification, and air-sea gas exchange. Profiles of ɛ beneath the air-sea interface during rainfall, measured for the first time during a gas exchange experiment, yielded discrete values as high as 10−2 W kg−1. Stratification modifies and traps the turbulence near the surface, affecting the enhancement of the transfer velocity and also diminishing the vertical mixing of mass transported to the air-water interface. Although the kinetic energy flux is an integral measure of the turbulent input to the system during rain events, ɛ is the most robust response to all the modifications and transformations to the turbulent state that follows. The Craig-Banner turbulence model, modified for rain instead of breaking wave turbulence, successfully predicts the near-surface dissipation profile at the onset of the rain event before stratification plays a dominant role. This result is important for predictive modeling of k as it allows inferring the surface value of ɛ fundamental to gas transfer.
Statistics of surface divergence and their relation to air-water gas transfer velocity
Creators: name: Asher, William E.
name: Liang, Hanzhuang
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: Loewen, Mark R.
name: Mukto, Moniz A.
name: Litchendorf, Trina M.
name: Jessup, Andrew T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ocean-atmosphere interaction
subject: Divergence theorem
subject: Gas flow--Mathematical models
subject: Surface waves (Oceanography)
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: Air-sea gas fluxes are generally defined in terms of the air/water concentration difference of the gas and the gas transfer velocity,kL. Because it is difficult to measure kLin the ocean, it is often parameterized using more easily measured physical properties. Surface divergence theory suggests that infrared (IR) images of the water surface, which contain information concerning the movement of water very near the air-water interface, might be used to estimatekL. Therefore, a series of experiments testing whether IR imagery could provide a convenient means for estimating the surface divergence applicable to air-sea exchange were conducted in a synthetic jet array tank embedded in a wind tunnel. Gas transfer velocities were measured as a function of wind stress and mechanically generated turbulence; laser-induced fluorescence was used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide in the top 300 μm of the water surface; IR imagery was used to measure the spatial and temporal distribution of the aqueous skin temperature; and particle image velocimetry was used to measure turbulence at a depth of 1 cm below the air-water interface. It is shown that an estimate of the surface divergence for both wind-shear driven turbulence and mechanically generated turbulence can be derived from the surface skin temperature. The estimates derived from the IR images are compared to velocity field divergences measured by the PIV and to independent estimates of the divergence made using the laser-induced fluorescence data. Divergence is shown to scale withkLvalues measured using gaseous tracers as predicted by conceptual models for both wind-driven and mechanically generated turbulence.
Optical measurements of small deeply penetrating bubble populations generated by breaking waves in the Southern Ocean
Creators: name: Randolph, Kaylan
name: Dierssen, Heidi M.
name: Twardowski, Michael
name: Cifuentes-Lorenzen, Alejandro
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ocean-atmosphere interaction
subject: Optical measurements
subject: Bubbles
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hydrology

description: Bubble size distributions ranging from 0.5 to 125 μm radius were measured optically during high winds of 13 m s−1 and large-scale wave breaking as part of the Southern Ocean Gas Exchange Experiment. Very small bubbles with radii less than 60 µm were measured at 6–9 m depth using optical measurements of the near-forward volume scattering function and critical scattering angle for bubbles (∼80°). The bubble size distributions generally followed a power law distribution with mean slope values ranging from 3.6 to 4.6. The steeper slopes measured here were consistent with what would be expected near the base of the bubble plume. Bubbles, likely stabilized with organic coatings, were present for time periods on the order of 10–100 s at depths of 6–9 m. Here, relatively young seas, with an inverse wave age of approximately 0.88 and shorter characteristic wave scales, produced lower bubble concentrations, shallower bubble penetration depths, and steep bubble size distribution slopes. Conversely, older seas, with an inverse wave age of 0.70 and longer characteristic wave scales, produced relatively higher bubble concentrations penetrating to 15 m depth, larger bubble sizes, and shallower bubble size distribution slopes. When extrapolated to 4 m depth using a previously published bubble size distribution, our estimates suggest that the deeply penetrating small bubbles measured in the Southern Ocean supplied ∼36% of the total void fraction and likely contributed to the transfer and supersaturation of low-solubility gases.
Revisiting evolution of domain walls and their gravitational radiation with CosmoLattice
Creators: name: Dankovsky, I.
name: Babichev, E.
name: Gorbunov, D.
name: Ramazanov, S.
name: Vikman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the publicly available CosmoLattice code, we conduct numerical simulations of a domain wall network and the resulting gravitational waves (GWs) in a radiation-dominated Universe in the $Z_2$-symmetric scalar field model. In particular, the domain wall evolution is investigated in detail both before and after reaching the scaling regime, using the combination of numerical and theoretical methods. We demonstrate that the total area of closed walls is negligible compared to that of a single long wall stretching throughout the simulation box. Therefore, the closed walls are unlikely to have a significant impact on the overall network evolution. This is in contrast with the case of cosmic strings, where formation of loops is crucial for maintaining the system in the scaling regime. To obtain the GW spectrum, we develop a technique that separates physical effects from numerical artefacts arising due to finite box size and non-zero lattice spacing. Our results on the GW spectrum agree well with Refs. [29, 30], which use different codes. Notably, we observe a peak at the Hubble scale, an exponential falloff at scales shorter than the wall width, and a plateau/bump at intermediate scales. We also study sensitivity of obtained results on the choice of initial conditions. We find that different types of initial conditions lead to qualitatively similar domain wall evolution in the scaling regime, but with important variations translating into different intensities of GWs.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures; typos fixed, gravitational wave spectral indices are slightly updated; matches version accepted in JCAP
Analyzing the footprints of near-surface aqueous turbulence: An image processing-based approach
Creators: name: Schnieders, J.
name: Garbe, C. S.
name: Peirson, W. L.
name: Smith, G. B.
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Turbulence--Mathematical models
subject: Image processing--Data processing
subject: Ocean circulation--Data processing
subject: Surface waves (Oceanography)
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hydrology

description: In this contribution, a detailed investigation of surface thermal patterns on the water surface is presented, with wind speeds ranging from 1 to 7 m s − 1 and various surface conditions. Distinct structures can be observed on the surface—small-scale short-lived structures termed fish scales and larger-scale cold streaks that are consistent with the footprints of Langmuir circulations. The structure of the surface heat pattern depends strongly on wind-induced stress. Consistent behavior regarding the spacing of cold streaks can be observed in a range of laboratory facilities when expressed as a function of water-sided friction velocity, u * . This behavior systematically decreased until a point of saturation at u * = 0.7 cm/s. We present a new image processing-based approach to the analysis of the spacing of cold streaks based on a machine learning approach to classify the thermal footprints of near-surface turbulence. Comparison is made with studies of Langmuir circulation and the following key points are found. Results suggest a saturation in the tangential stress, anticipating that similar behavior will be observed in the open ocean. A relation to Langmuir numbers shows that thermal footprints in infrared images are consistent with Langmuir circulations and depend strongly on wind wave conditions.
Hemicentetes semispinosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Hemicentetes
Hemicentetes semispinosus

description: Hemicentetes semispinosus (G. Cuvier, 1798). Tabl. Elem. Hist. Nat. Anim., 1798 Reg. Anim., 1 st ed., p. 136. TYPE LOCALITY: Madagascar. DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar, in E. forests. COMMENT: Includes nigriceps; see Genest and Petter, 1971, Part 1.1:2. Eisenberg and Gould, 1970, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., p. 27 believe nigriceps is distinct from semispinosus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002003002001 as H. semispinosus. 5301403002003001001 as H. nigriceps.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Eisenberg, J. F., and E. Gould. 1970. The tenrecs: A study in mammalian behavior and evolution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 27: 1 - 138."]}
Introduction to special section on Recent Advances in the Study of Optical Variability in the Near-Surface and Upper Ocean
Creators: name: Dickey, T.
name: Banner, M. L.
name: Bhandari, P.
name: Boyd, T.
name: Carvalho, L.
name: Chang, G.
name: Chao, Y.
name: Czerski, H.
name: Darecki, M.
name: Dong, C.
name: Farmer, D.
name: Freeman, S.
name: Gemmrich, J.
name: Gernez, P.
name: Hall-Patch, N.
name: Holt, B.
name: Jiang, S.
name: Jones, C.
name: Kattawar, G.
name: LeBel, D.
name: Lenain, L.
name: Lewis, M.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Logan, L.
name: Manov, D.
name: Melville, W. K.
name: Moline, M. A.
name: Morison, R.
name: Nencioli, F.
name: Pegau, W. S.
name: Reineman, B.
name: Robbins, I.
name: Röttgers, R.
name: Schultz, H.
name: Shen, L.
name: Shinki, M.
name: Slivkoff, M.
name: Sokólski, M.
name: Spada, F.
name: Statom, N.
name: Stramski, D.
name: Sutherland, P.
name: Twardowski, M.
name: Vagle, S.
name: Van Dommelen, R.
name: Voss, K.
name: Washburn, L.
name: Wei, J.
name: Wijesekera, H.
name: Wurl, O.
name: Yang, D.
name: Yildiz, S.
name: You, Y.
name: Yue, D. K. P.
name: Zaneveld, R.
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of variance
subject: Optical measurements
subject: Surface waves (Oceanography)
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hydrology

description: Optical variability occurs in the near-surface and upper ocean on very short time and space scales (e.g., milliseconds and millimeters and less) as well as greater scales. This variability is caused by solar, meteorological, and other physical forcing as well as biological and chemical processes that affect optical properties and their distributions, which in turn control the propagation of light across the air-sea interface and within the upper ocean. Recent developments in several technologies and modeling capabilities have enabled the investigation of a variety of fundamental and applied problems related to upper ocean physics, chemistry, and light propagation and utilization in the dynamic near-surface ocean. The purpose here is to provide background for and an introduction to a collection of papers devoted to new technologies and observational results as well as model simulations, which are facilitating new insights into optical variability and light propagation in the ocean as they are affected by changing atmospheric and oceanic conditions.
Phenomenology of Supersymmetric Models with a Symmetry-Breaking Seesaw Mechanism
Creators: name: Pearce, Lauren
name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Peccei, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore phenomenological implications of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with a strong supersymmetry breaking trilinear term. Supersymmetry breaking can trigger electroweak symmetry breaking via a symmetry-breaking seesaw mechanism, which can lead to a low-energy theory with multiple composite Higgs bosons. In this model, the electroweak phase transition can be first-order for some generic values of parameters. Furthermore, there are additional sources of CP violation in the Higgs sector. This opens the possibility of electroweak baryogenesis in the strongly coupled MSSM. The extended Higgs dynamics can be discovered at Large Hadron Collider or at a future linear collider.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Leptogale Thomas 1918
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Leptogale

description: Leptogale Thomas, 1918. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 1:302. COMMENT: May be congeneric with Microgale; see Corbet and Hill, 1980:22.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp."]}
ROER: Regularized Optimal Experience Replay
Creators: name: Li, Changling
name: Hong, Zhang-Wei
name: Agrawal, Pulkit
name: Garg, Divyansh
name: Pajarinen, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Experience replay serves as a key component in the success of online reinforcement learning (RL). Prioritized experience replay (PER) reweights experiences by the temporal difference (TD) error empirically enhancing the performance. However, few works have explored the motivation of using TD error. In this work, we provide an alternative perspective on TD-error-based reweighting. We show the connections between the experience prioritization and occupancy optimization. By using a regularized RL objective with $f-$divergence regularizer and employing its dual form, we show that an optimal solution to the objective is obtained by shifting the distribution of off-policy data in the replay buffer towards the on-policy optimal distribution using TD-error-based occupancy ratios. Our derivation results in a new pipeline of TD error prioritization. We specifically explore the KL divergence as the regularizer and obtain a new form of prioritization scheme, the regularized optimal experience replay (ROER). We evaluate the proposed prioritization scheme with the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) algorithm in continuous control MuJoCo and DM Control benchmark tasks where our proposed scheme outperforms baselines in 6 out of 11 tasks while the results of the rest match with or do not deviate far from the baselines. Further, using pretraining, ROER achieves noticeable improvement on difficult Antmaze environment where baselines fail, showing applicability to offline-to-online fine-tuning. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/XavierChanglingLi/Regularized-Optimal-Experience-Replay}.
Leptogale gracilis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Leptogale
Leptogale gracilis

description: Leptogale gracilis (Major, 1896). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 18:318. TYPE LOCALITY: Madagascar, Ambohimitombo Forest. DISTRIBUTION: S. Madagascar. COMMENT: A transitional form between the genus Microgale and the genus Oryzorictes; see Heim de Balsac, 1972. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002008007001 as Microgale gracilis.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Heim de Balsac, H. 1972. Insectivores. Pp. 629 - 660, in Biogeography and ecology in Madagascar (R. Battistini, and G. Richard-Vindard, eds.). W. Junk, The Hague, 765 pp."]}
Gate-tunable carbon nanotube-MoS2 heterojunction p-n diode
Creators: name: Jariwala, Deep
name: Sangwan, Vinod K.
name: Wu, Chung-Chiang
name: Prabhumirashi, Pradyumna L.
name: Geier, Michael L.
name: Marks, Tobin J.
name: Lauhon, Lincoln J.
name: Hersam, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The p-n junction diode and field-effect transistor (FET) are the two most ubiquitous building blocks of modern electronics and optoelectronics. In recent years, the emergence of reduced dimensionality materials has suggested that these components can be scaled down to atomic thicknesses. Although high performance field-effect devices have been achieved from monolayered materials and their heterostructures, a p-n heterojunction diode derived from ultrathin materials is notably absent and constrains the fabrication of complex electronic and optoelectronic circuits. Here, we demonstrate a gate-tunable p-n heterojunction diode using semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) and single-layer molybdenum disulfide (SL-MoS2) as p-type and n-type semiconductors, respectively. The vertical stacking of these two direct band gap semiconductors forms a heterojunction with electrical characteristics that can be tuned with an applied gate bias to achieve a wide range of charge transport behavior ranging from insulating to rectifying with forward-to-reverse bias current ratios exceeding 10^4. This heterojunction diode also responds strongly to optical irradiation with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 25% and fast photoresponse < 15 μs. Since SWCNTs have a diverse range of electrical properties as a function of chirality, and since an increasing number of atomically thin 2D nanomaterials are being isolated, the gate-tunable p-n heterojunction concept presented here should be widely generalizable to realize diverse ultrathin, high-performance electronics and optoelectronics.
description: 4 figures. Combined with supporting information Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of U.S.A. (2013)
Pair Production of Majorana Neutrinos by Annihilation of Charged Particles in High Energy Collision
Creators: name: Goh, Young Moon
name: Lee, Hyun Kyu
name: Paeng, Won-Gi
name: Yoon, Yongsung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that neutrinos have non-vanishing magnetic moments, we discuss the possibility of pair production through annihilation of charged fermions in high-energy collisions. Adopting the Pauli interaction for photon-neutrino coupling, we calculate the neutrino pair production cross section in the photon channel and compare the result with the standard model in $ Z^{0} $ channel. we demonstrated that the enhancement of the production rate for Majorana neutrino pairs over the standard model rate can be possible at the center-of-mass energy of $10 - 100$ TeV for the Large Hadron Collider or the ultra-high-energy cosmic Ray when the transition magnetic moment is not smaller than $10^{-9} - 10^{-10} μ_B$.
description: 4 pages
Limnogale Major 1896
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Limnogale

description: Limnogale Major, 1896. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 18: 318. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002007000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Sea surface pCO2 and O2 in the Southern Ocean during the austral fall, 2008
Creators: name: Moore, T. S.
name: DeGrandpre, M. D.
name: Sabine, C. L.
name: Hamme, R. C.
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: McGillis, Wade R.
name: Feely, R. A.
name: Drennan, W. M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric carbon dioxide--Measurement
subject: Chemical oceanography--Data processing
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hydrology

description: The physical and biological processes controlling surface mixed layer pCO2 and O2 were evaluated using in situ sensors mounted on a Lagrangian drifter deployed in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (∼50°S, ∼37°W) during the austral fall of 2008. The drifter was deployed three times during different phases of the study. The surface ocean pCO2 was always less than atmospheric pCO2 (−50.4 to −76.1 μatm), and the ocean was a net sink for CO2 with fluxes averaging between 16.2 and 17.8 mmol C m−2 d−1. Vertical entrainment was the dominant process controlling mixed layer CO2, with fluxes that were 1.8 to 2.2 times greater than the gas exchange fluxes during the first two drifter deployments, and was 1.7 times greater during the third deployment. In contrast, during the first two deployments the surface mixed layer was always a source of O2 to the atmosphere, and air-sea gas exchange was the dominant process occurring, with fluxes that were 2.0 to 4.1 times greater than the vertical entrainment flux. During the third deployment O2 was near saturation the entire deployment and was a small source of O2 to the atmosphere. Net community production (NCP) was low during this study, with mean fluxes of 3.2 to 6.4 mmol C m−2 d−1 during the first deployment and nondetectable (within uncertainty) in the third. During the second deployment the NCP was not separable from lateral advection. Overall, this study indicates that in the early fall the area is a significant sink for atmospheric CO2.
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES TO THE SCHOLARS IN THE B.ED COLLEGES: A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ST.XAVIER’S COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (AUTONOMOUS), PALAYAMKOTTAI – A STUDY
Creators: name: Thangiah, Raja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies

description: Library and information center is the focal point to the scholars. Scholars are disseminating the information from the library everyday for their research. The libraries in the teacher education colleges play a predominant role to the scholar community. This paper shows that, 52.17 percentage of the scholars have opinion about large number of reference books and teacher education journals in the library are very good , 67.39 percentage of the scholars have opinion about use of dissertation abstracts are very good.52.17 percentage of the scholars have opinion about effectiveness of OPAC system in the library good, 58.70 percentage of the scholars have opinion about books lending system in the library are good and 39.14 percentage of the scholars have opinion about reprography service in the library are good.
Universal low-energy behavior in three-body systems
Creators: name: Gridnev, Dmitry K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a pairwise interacting quantum 3-body system in 3-dimensional space with finite masses and the interaction term $V_{12} + λ(V_{13} + V_{23})$, where all pair potentials are assumed to be nonpositive. The pair interaction of the particles $\{1,2\}$ is tuned to make them have a zero energy resonance and no negative energy bound states. The coupling constant $λ>0$ is allowed to take the values for which the particle pairs $\{1,3\}$ and $\{2,3\}$ have no bound states with negative energy. Let $λ_{cr}$ denote the critical value of the coupling constant such that $E(λ) \to -0$ for $λ\to λ_{cr}$, where $E(λ)$ is the ground state energy of the 3-body system. We prove the theorem, which states that near $λ_{cr}$ one has $E(λ) = C (λ-λ_{cr})[\ln (λ-λ_{cr})]^{-1}+$h.t., where $C$ is a constant and h.t. stands for "higher terms". This behavior of the ground state energy is universal (up to the value of the constant $C$), meaning that it is independent of the form of pair interactions.
Influence of natural surfactants on short wind waves in the coastal Peruvian waters
Creators: name: Kiefhaber, D.
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
name: Jähne, B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Surface active agents
subject: Ocean waves--Mathematical models
subject: Ocean waves--Measurement
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Results from measurements of wave slope statistics during the R/V Meteor M91 cruise in the coastal upwelling regions off the coast of Peru are reported. Wave slope probability distributions were measured with an instrument based on the reflection of light at the water surface and a method very similar to the Cox and Munk (1954b) sun glitter technique. During the cruise, the mean square slope (mss) of the waves was found to be very variable, despite the limited range of encountered wind speeds. The Cox and Munk (1954b) parameterization for clean water is found to overestimate mss, but most measurements fall in the range spanned by their clean water and slick parameterizations. The observed variability of mss is attributed to the wave damping effect of surface films, generated by increased biological production in the upwelling zones. The small footprint and high temporal resolution of the measurement allows for tracking abrupt changes in conditions caused by the often patchy structure of the surface films.
Measuring temperature - dependent propagating disturbances in coronal fan loops using multiple SDO/AIA channels and surfing transform technique
Creators: name: Uritsky, Vadim M.
name: Davila, Joseph M.
name: Viall, Nicholeen M.
name: Ofman, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of co-aligned high resolution images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is used to investigate propagating disturbances (PDs) in warm fan loops at the periphery of a non-flaring active region NOAA AR 11082. To measure PD speeds at multiple coronal temperatures, a new data analysis methodology is proposed enabling quantitative description of subvisual coronal motions with low signal-to-noise ratios of the order of 0.1 %. The technique operates with a set of one-dimensional "surfing" signals extracted from position-time plots of several AIA channels through a modified version of Radon transform. The signals are used to evaluate a two-dimensional power spectral density distribution in the frequency - velocity space which exhibits a resonance in the presence of quasi-periodic PDs. By applying this analysis to the same fan loop structures observed in several AIA channels, we found that the traveling velocity of PDs increases with the temperature of the coronal plasma following the square root dependence predicted for the slow mode magneto-acoustic wave which seems to be the dominating wave mode in the studied loop structures. This result extends recent observations by Kiddie et al. (Solar Phys., 2012) to a more general class of fan loop systems not associated with sunspots and demonstrating consistent slow mode activity in up to four AIA channels.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Variations in Ocean Surface Temperature due to Near-Surface Flow: Straining the Cool Skin Layer
Creators: name: Wells, Andrew J.
name: Cenedese, Claudia
name: Farrar, J. Thomas
name: Zappa, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Thermal boundary layer
subject: Heat budget (Geophysics)
subject: Ocean temperature--Research
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hydrology

description: The aqueous thermal boundary layer near to the ocean surface, or skin layer, has thickness O(1 mm) and plays an important role in controlling the exchange of heat between the atmosphere and the ocean. Theoretical arguments and experimental measurements are used to investigate the dynamics of the skin layer under the influence of an upwelling flow, which is imposed in addition to free convection below a cooled water surface. Previous theories of straining flow in the skin layer are considered and a simple extension of a surface straining model is posed to describe the combination of turbulence and an upwelling flow. An additional theory is also proposed, conceptually based on the buoyancy-driven instability of a laminar straining flow cooled from above. In all three theories considered two distinct regimes are observed for different values of the Péclet number, which characterizes the ratio of advection to diffusion within the skin layer. For large Péclet numbers, the upwelling flow dominates and increases the free surface temperature, or skin temperature, to follow the scaling expected for a laminar straining flow. For small Péclet numbers, it is shown that any flow that is steady or varies over long time scales produces only a small change in skin temperature by direct straining of the skin layer. Experimental measurements demonstrate that a strong upwelling flow increases the skin temperature and suggest that the mean change in skin temperature with Péclet number is consistent with the theoretical trends for large Péclet number flow. However, all of the models considered consistently underpredict the measured skin temperature, both with and without an upwelling flow, possibly a result of surfactant effects not included in the models.
Limnogale mergulus Major 1896
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Tenrecidae
Limnogale
Limnogale mergulus

description: Limnogale mergulus Major, 1896. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 18: 318. TYPE LOCALITY: Madagascar, Imasindrary, N. E. Betsileo. DISTRIBUTION: E. Madagascar, freshwater streams (including the Vohitra, Andranotobaka, Amborompotsy, and Antsampandrono rivers). ISIS NUMBER: 5301403002007001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001