cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a Non-Relativistic Holographic Superfluid
Creators: name: Adams, Allan
name: Wang, Juven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phase structure of a holographic toy model of superfluid states in non-relativistic conformal field theories. At low background mass density, we find a familiar second-order transition to a superfluid phase at finite temperature. Increasing the chemical potential for the probe charge density drives this transition strongly first order as the low-temperature superfluid phase merges with a thermodynamically disfavored high-temperature condensed phase. At high background mass density, the system reenters the normal phase as the temperature is lowered further, hinting at a zero-temperature quantum phase transition as the background density is varied. Given the unusual thermodynamics of the background black hole, however, it seems likely that the true ground state is another configuration altogether.
description: 13+5 pages, latex
Energy absorbing ability of wood/polyester composite laminates
Creators: name: Haghdan, Shayesteh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Currently used energy absorbers in transportation industries are made of synthetic fiber/polymer composites as an alternative to their metal counterparts. These composites are stiff and strong but are somewhat brittle when subjected to impact load which limits their application when high energy absorbing ability is required. Wood, in contrast, has a high stiffness and strength to weight ratio and exhibits a higher deflection before failure. Despite the extensive research on the mechanical properties of synthetic fiber/polymer composites few researches are available on the effects of wood composite configuration and densification and its lamination set-up on its impact and compressive properties. This research focused on the use of wood in the form of thin veneer to reinforce polyester and composites of them were fabricated using hand lay-up and compression molding, in different thicknesses. Various wood configurations were used to create unidirectional, cross-ply, and woven mats. The effects of each mat configuration on the impact properties of wood/polyester composites and the lamination and curing processes were investigated and discussed. The gap of knowledge on the wettability of wood to the polyester resin was informed in this dissertation using contact angle measurements and roughness tests. Energy absorbing behavior and dominant fracture mechanisms of wood/polyester laminates subjected to quasi-static compression and shear loading were examined and the results were compared with the lab-made glass fiber/polyester composites. Findings of this study demonstrated that the effect of wood configuration on the impact properties of the polyester composites was significant. Wood densification improved the impact performance of composites but this improvement was not statistically significant. It was found that wood composites had an impact energy equivalent to that of glass fiber laminates.
Multi-epoch hard X-ray view of Compton-thick AGN Circinus Galaxy
Creators: name: Kayal, Abhijit
name: Singh, Veeresh
name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Mithun, N. P. S.
name: Vadawale, Santosh
name: Dewangan, Gulab
name: Gandhi, Poshak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The circumnuclear material around Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is one of the essential components of the obscuration-based unification model. However, our understanding of the circumnuclear material in terms of its geometrical shape, structure and its dependence on accretion rate is still debated. In this paper, we present the multi-epoch broadband X-ray spectral modelling of a nearby Compton-thick AGN in Circinus galaxy. We utilise all the available hard X-ray ($> 10$ keV) observations taken from different telescopes, $i.e.,$ $BeppoSAX$, $Suzaku$, $NuSTAR$ and $AstroSat$, at ten different epochs across $22$ years from $1998$ to $2020$. The $3.0-79$ keV broadband X-ray spectral modelling using physically-motivated models, namely MYTORUS, BORUS02 and UXCLUMPY, infers the presence of a torus with a low covering factor of $0.28$, an inclination angle of $77^{\circ}$ $-$ $81^{\circ}$ and Compton-thick line-of-sight column densities ($N_{\rm H,LOS} = 4.13~-~9.26~\times~10^{24}$ cm$^{-2}$) in all the epochs. The joint multi-epoch spectral modelling suggests that the overall structure of the torus is likely to remain unchanged. However, we find tentative evidence for the variable line-of-sight column density on timescales ranging from one day to one week to a few years, suggesting a clumpy circumnuclear material located at sub-parsec to tens of parsec scales.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Real-time observation of frustrated ultrafast recovery from ionisation in nanostructured SiO2 using laser driven accelerators
Creators: name: Kennedy, J. P.
name: Coughlan, M.
name: Fitzpatrick, C. R. J.
name: Huddleston, H. M.
name: Smyth, J.
name: Breslin, N.
name: Donnelly, H.
name: Arthur, C.
name: Villagomez, B.
name: Rosmej, O. N.
name: Currell, F.
name: Stella, L.
name: Riley, D.
name: Zepf, M.
name: Yeung, M.
name: Lewis, C. L. S.
name: Dromey, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionising radiation interactions in matter can trigger a cascade of processes that underpin long-lived damage in the medium. To date, however, a lack of suitable methodologies has precluded our ability to understand the role that material nanostructure plays in this cascade. Here, we use transient photoabsorption to track the lifetime of free electrons (t_c) in bulk and nanostructured SiO2 (aerogel) irradiated by picosecond-scale (10^-12 s) bursts of X-rays and protons from a laser-driven accelerator. Optical streaking reveals a sharp increase in t_c from < 1 ps to > 50 ps over a narrow average density (p_av) range spanning the expected phonon-fracton crossover in aerogels. Numerical modelling suggests that this discontinuity can be understood by a quenching of rapid, phonon-assisted recovery in irradiated nanostructured SiO_2. This is shown to lead to an extended period of enhanced energy density in the excited electron population. Overall, these results open a direct route to tracking how low-level processes in complex systems can underpin macroscopically observed phenomena and, importantly, the conditions that permit them to emerge.
Linear circuit models for on-chip quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Mátyás, Alpár
name: Jirauschek, Christian
name: Peretti, Federico
name: Lugli, Paolo
name: Csaba, György
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present equivalent circuits that model the interaction of microwave resonators and quantum systems. The circuit models are derived from a general interaction Hamiltonian. Quantitative agreement between the simulated resonator transmission frequency, qubit Lamb shift and experimental data will be shown. We demonstrate that simple circuit models, using only linear passive elements, can be very useful in understanding systems where a small quantum system is coupled to a classical microwave apparatus.
Additional file 11 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11.: Metabolism map of PhIP A representation of the filtered metabolism map of PhIP with chemical structures.
The impact of daily occupational stress on sleep among shift workers : social support as a buffer
Creators: name: Pow, Jessica Leanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Shift workers are a population at risk for experiencing poor sleep. Given the evidence linking health with shift work and sleep disturbance, it is important to identify factors that can exacerbate or mitigate sleep problems in this vulnerable population. We followed eighty-seven shift-working paramedics morning and evening over one week using an intensive longitudinal design. Multilevel modeling was used to examine whether the detrimental effects of daily occupational stress on sleep quality were buffered by perceived social support availability. Paramedics who reported more social support tended to report better quality sleep over the week. Additionally, social support buffered sleep from day-to-day fluctuations in occupational stress as well as from high average occupational stress over the week. Findings indicated that those with low levels of social support displayed poor sleep quality on days with high occupational stress; those high in support did not show significant effects of occupational stress on sleep. Those with low levels of social support tended to also display poor sleep on average across the week when they also tended to report high occupational stress on average across the week. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Perfect Domain-Lattice Matching Between MgB2 and Al2O3: Single-Crystal MgB2 Thin Films Grown on Sapphire
Creators: name: Seong, Won Kyung
name: Oh, Sangjun
name: Kang*, Won Nam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found that single-crystal films can be grown on (0001) Al2O3 substrates through the golden relation of a perfect lattice-matching ratio between the a-axis lattice constants of MgB2 and Al2O3. Selected area electron diffraction patterns evidently indicate hexagonal MgB2 film with a 30 degrees in-plane rotation with respect to the Al2O3 substrate. The films grown on Al2O3 show a zero-resistance transition temperature of 39.6 K with a transition width of 0.1 K. The critical current density at zero field is comparable to the depairing critical current density and rapidly decreases with increasing applied field due to the lack of pinning sites, as observed for high-quality MgB2 single crystals.
description: 15 pages including 3 figures
Identifying Appropriate Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms for Machine Learning Models: A Systematization of Watermarking, Fingerprinting, Model Access, and Attacks
Creators: name: Lederer, Isabell
name: Mayer, Rudolf
name: Rauber, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The commercial use of Machine Learning (ML) is spreading; at the same time, ML models are becoming more complex and more expensive to train, which makes Intellectual Property Protection (IPP) of trained models a pressing issue. Unlike other domains that can build on a solid understanding of the threats, attacks and defenses available to protect their IP, the ML-related research in this regard is still very fragmented. This is also due to a missing unified view as well as a common taxonomy of these aspects. In this paper, we systematize our findings on IPP in ML, while focusing on threats and attacks identified and defenses proposed at the time of writing. We develop a comprehensive threat model for IP in ML, categorizing attacks and defenses within a unified and consolidated taxonomy, thus bridging research from both the ML and security communities.
First Results from the ALICE experiment at the LHC
Creators: name: Schukraft, Jurgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After close to 20 years of preparation, the dedicated heavy ion experiment ALICE took first data with proton collisions at the LHC starting in November 2009 and first Pb-Pb data in November 2010. This article summarizes initial operation and performance of ALICE as well as first results from both pp and Pb-Pb collisions.
description: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of the Quark Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP-2010), Goa, India, 6-12 December 2010
Supplementary document for The Age-dependent Neurovascular Coupling Characteristics in Children and Adults during General Anesthesia - 6375077.pdf
Creators: name: LIANG, ZHENHU
name: Wang, Xin
name: Yu, Zhenyang
name: Tong, Yunjie
name: Li, Xiaoli
name: Ma, Yaqun
name: Guo, Hang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Additional file 12 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12.: Metabolism map of 4,7,8-TriMeIQx A representation of the filtered metabolism map of 4,7,8-TriMeIQx with chemical structures.
Additional file 13 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 13.: Metabolism map of 4-CH2OH-8-MeIQx A representation of the filtered metabolism map of 4-CH2OH-8-MeIQx with chemical structures.
Applications of machine learning in sensorimotor control
Creators: name: Bradley, Susanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: There have been many recent advances in the simulation of biologically realistic systems, but controlling these systems remains a challenge. In this thesis, we focus on methods for learning to control these systems without prior knowledge of the dynamics of the system or its environment. We present two algorithms. The first, designed for quasistatic systems, combines Gaussian process regression and stochastic gradient descent. By testing on a model of the human mid-face, we show that this combined method gives better control accuracy than either regression or gradient descent alone, and improves the efficiency of the optimization routine. The second addresses the trajectory-tracking problem for dynamical systems. Our method automatically learns the relationship between muscle activations and resulting movements. We also incorporate passive dynamics compensation and propose a novel gain-scheduling algorithm. Experiments performed on a model of the human index finger demonstrate that each component we add to the control formulation improves performance of fingertip precision tasks.
Conservation laws for under determined systems of differential equations
Creators: name: Hounkonnou, Mahouton Norbert
name: Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work extends the Ibragimov's conservation theorem for partial differential equations [{\it J. Math. Anal. Appl. 333 (2007 311-328}] to under determined systems of differential equations. The concepts of adjoint equation and formal Lagrangian for a system of differential equations whose the number of equations is equal to or lower than the number of dependent variables are defined. It is proved that the system given by an equation and its adjoint is associated with a variational problem (with or without classical Lagrangian) and inherits all Lie-point and generalized symmetries from the original equation. Accordingly, a Noether theorem for conservation laws can be formulated.
Dealing with a rising China : options for middle powers
Creators: name: Legault, Grégoire-François
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The centre of gravity in world affairs has shifted once again towards Asia, more specifically to China. As the world’s growth engine, Beijing is now increasingly taking on leadership roles regarding global governance issues. While the international relations literature has focused on the dangers associated with the rise of a great power challenging the ruling hegemon, this focus on power transitions has left a major knowledge gap regarding how China deals with middle powers and how middle powers can engage with Beijing. I argue in my thesis that by using their middle power status, multilateralism and niche diplomacy, middle powers in the Pacific region, including Canada, collectively have the ability to influence global governance decisions made by China. In the context of China’s return as a global power in the 21st century and its increasing ability to shape its external environment, this research project investigates the foreign policy implications of this shifting geopolitical order in the Asia-Pacific for middle powers like Canada.
Recurrent host mobility in spatial epidemics: beyond reaction-diffusion
Creators: name: Belik, Vitaly
name: Geisel, Theo
name: Brockmann, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Human mobility is a key factor in spatial disease dynamics and related phenomena. In computational models host mobility is typically modelled by diffusion in space or on metapolulation networks. Alternatively, an effective force of infection across distance has been introduced to capture spatial dispersal implicitly. Both approaches do not account for important aspects of natural human mobility, diffusion does not capture the high degree of predictability in natural human mobility patters, e.g. the high percentage of return movements to individuals' base location, the effective force of infection approach assumes immediate equilibrium with respect to dispersal. These conditions are typically not met in natural scenarios. We investigate an epidemiological model that explicitly captures natural individual mobility patterns. We systematically investigate generic dynamical features of the model on regular lattices as well as metapopulation networks and show that generally the model exhibits significant dynamical differences in comparison to ordinary diffusion and effective force of infection models. For instance, the natural human mobility model exhibits a saturation of wave front speeds and a novel type of invasion threshold that is a function of the return rate in mobility patterns. In the light of these new findings and with the availability of precise and pervasive data on human mobility our approach provides a framework for a more sophisticated modeling of spatial disease dynamics.
Structure and evolution of pulsating hot subdwarfs
Creators: name: Kawaler, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot subdwarfs are evolved low--mass stars that have survived core helium ignition and are now in (or recently finished with) the core helium burning stage. At the hot end of the Horizontal Branch (HB), many of these stars are multiperiodic pulsators. These pulsations have revealed details of their global and internal structure, and provide important constraints on the origin of hot HB stars. While many features of their structure deduced from seismic fits have confirmed what we expected from evolutionary considerations, there have been some surprises as well.
description: 6 pages, invited review from Fourth HELAS International Conference: Seismological Challenges for Stellar Structure (February 2010)
Additional file 14 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14.: Metabolism map of 7,8-DiMeIQx A representation of the filtered metabolism map of 7,8-DiMeIQx with chemical structures.
Additional file 1 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.: Extended Figure 2 The file provides the figure 2 (a) and (b) in a plain page to make structures and text more readable.
OFAR: A Multimodal Evidence Retrieval Framework for Illegal Live-streaming Identification
Creators: name: Dengtian, Lin
name: Yang, Ma
name: Yuhong, Li
name: Xuemeng, Song
name: Jianlong, Wu
name: Liqiang, Nie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Illegal live-streaming identification, which aims to help live-streaming platforms immediately recognize the illegal behaviors in the live-streaming, such as selling precious and endangered animals, plays a crucial role in purifying the network environment. Traditionally, the live-streaming platform needs to employ some professionals to manually identify the potential illegal live-streaming. Specifically, the professional needs to search for related evidence from a large-scale knowledge database for evaluating whether a given live-streaming clip contains illegal behavior, which is time-consuming and laborious. To address this issue, in this work, we propose a multimodal evidence retrieval system, named OFAR, to facilitate the illegal live-streaming identification. OFAR consists of three modules: Query Encoder, Document Encoder, and MaxSim-based Contrastive Late Intersection. Both query encoder and document encoder are implemented with the advanced OFA encoder, which is pretrained on a large-scale multimodal dataset. In the last module, we introduce contrastive learning on the basis of the MaxiSim-based late intersection, to enhance the model's ability of query-document matching. The proposed framework achieves significant improvement on our industrial dataset TaoLive, demonstrating the advances of our scheme.
Amino- and imino-supported zinc complexes and their influence on ring opening polymerization and immortal ring opening polymerization of lactide
Creators: name: Mamleeva, Emiliya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The alkoxy zinc complexes (±)-[(NNHOt-Bu)Zn(OCH₂Ph)]₂ 4, (±)-[(NNOt-Bu)Zn(OCH₂Ph)]₂ 5, and 6 (±)-[(NNOCm)Zn(OCH₂Ph)]₂ were prepared from the reactions of the corresponding alkyl zinc complexes (±)-(NNHOt-Bu)Zn(CH₂CH₃) 1, (±)-(NNOt-Bu)Zn(CH₂CH₃) 2, and (±)-(NNOCm)Zn(CH₂CH₃) 3, respectively, with benzyl alcohol (PhCH₂OH). All zinc compounds 1-6 were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C{¹H} NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 2-6 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The alkyl zinc complexes are mononuclear with a tridentate coordination mode and a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the zinc metal centers. The alkoxy zinc catalysts show a dimeric feature containing two zinc metal centers bridging through the benzyl alkoxy oxygen atoms with different coordination modes for all three catalysts. The solution denticities of 4-6 were further investigated through 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy experiments. Exchange studies with pyridine and complexes 4-6 were also conducted. The catalytic activities of alkyl and alkoxy zinc complexes 1-6 toward ring opening polymerization (ROP) of racemic lactide (rac-LA) have been studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy, Gel permeation chromatography, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Experimental results indicate that the alkyl zinc compounds 1-3 show relatively less activity toward ROP of cyclic esters than the alkoxy zinc compounds 4-6. Catalysts 5 and 6 demonstrate a better control over experimental molecular weights and dispersity values of PLA, and more stereoselective than 4. Catalyst 4 undergoes the depolymerization reactions. Different transesterification side reactions operate at low equivalency polymerization studies to a different extent for all alkoxy zinc complexes. Immortal ROP of alkyl zinc compounds 1-3 was investigated in the presence of a chain transfer agent. The obtained results reveal the controlled nature of iROP.
Balanced realizations of discrete-time stable all-pass systems and the tangential Schur algorithm
Creators: name: Hanzon, Bernard
name: Olivi, Martine
name: Peeters, Ralf L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the connections are investigated between two different approaches towards the parametrization of multivariable stable all-pass systems in discrete-time. The first approach involves the tangential Schur algorithm, which employs linear fractional transformations. It stems from the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and enables the direct construction of overlapping local parametrizations using Schur parameters and interpolation points. The second approach proceeds in terms of state-space realizations. In the scalar case, a balanced canonical form exists that can also be parametrized by Schur parameters. This canonical form can be constructed recursively, using unitary matrix operations. Here, this procedure is generalized to the multivariable case by establishing the connections with the first approach. It gives rise to balanced realizations and overlapping canonical forms directly in terms of the parameters used in the tangential Schur algorithm.
Toward better understanding of mechanical response of fabrics under multiple combined loading modes : experimental and statistical analysis
Creators: name: Sultana Mir, Samia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Fabric reinforced composites are becoming among primary materials of choice in manufacturing damage tolerant aerospace, automotive, and naval architectural parts. Detailed characterization of fabric reinforcements, however, is necessary to ensure the quality of such composite part and to prevent structural failure during their service. A number of experimental studies have been dedicated in the past to characterize the deformation of fabrics under individual loading modes, such as pure uniaxial tension, pure biaxial tension and pure shear. There still exists, however, a lack of knowledge and standardization in testing and analyzing the mechanical response of fabrics under combined shear-tension loadings, both in simultaneous and sequential modes. Moreover, in reality, there are sources of uncertainties in the forming of these multi-scale fibrous materials, which often results in non-repeatable test data and causes inconsistencies for full characterization. Recognizing the above gaps, the aim of this thesis has been to design, conduct, and analyze a set of experiments for enhanced characterization of a typical glass fabric under select individual and combined shear-biaxial tension loading modes. The experimental tests were performed using a new fixture recently designed and manufactured by the Composites & Optimization Laboratory at UBC and its international partners. On the account of inherent material uncertainties, all tested deformation modes were analyzed and compared via a series of ANOVA analysis. Results showed that statistically there were significant differences between the warp and weft responses of the fabric under all the deformation modes, with weft yarns being generally stiffer. The shear-tension coupling effect in combined deformation modes yielded higher normal axial and shear forces compared to the individual deformation modes. More severe local damage zones were observed during the coupling tests. Finally, a Digital Image Correlation test was conducted to inspect wrinkling in the deformed specimens. Under a pure shear mode, some out of plane wrinkles appeared due to misalignment, whereas in the simultaneous loading condition it was nearly disappeared, thanks to the presence of fiber tension.
Mitigating Dimensionality in 2D Rectangle Packing Problem under Reinforcement Learning Schema
Creators: name: Kołodziejczyk, Waldemar
name: Kaleta, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper explores the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to the two-dimensional rectangular packing problem. We propose a reduced representation of the state and action spaces that allow us for high granularity. Leveraging UNet architecture and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), we achieved a model that is comparable to the MaxRect heuristic. However, our approach has great potential to be generalized to nonrectangular packing problems and complex constraints.
description: 5th Polish Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Genetically-inspired convective heat transfer enhancement in a turbulent boundary layer
Creators: name: Castellanos, Rodrigo
name: Ianiro, Andrea
name: Discetti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The convective heat transfer in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) on a flat plate is enhanced using an artificial intelligence approach based on linear genetic algorithms control (LGAC). The actuator is a set of six slot jets in crossflow aligned with the freestream. An open-loop optimal periodic forcing is defined by the carrier frequency, the duty cycle and the phase difference between actuators as control parameters. The control laws are optimised with respect to the unperturbed TBL and to the actuation with a steady jet. The cost function includes the wall convective heat transfer rate and the cost of the actuation. The performance of the controller is assessed by infrared thermography and characterised also with particle image velocimetry measurements. The optimal controller yields a slightly asymmetric flow field. The LGAC algorithm converges to the same frequency and duty cycle for all the actuators. It is noted that such frequency is strikingly equal to the inverse of the characteristic travel time of large-scale turbulent structures advected within the near-wall region. The phase difference between multiple jet actuation has shown to be very relevant and the main driver of flow asymmetry. The results pinpoint the potential of machine learning control in unravelling unexplored controllers within the actuation space. Our study furthermore demonstrates the viability of employing sophisticated measurement techniques together with advanced algorithms in an experimental investigation.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
Lepton mixing induced by flavour symmetry and Leptogenesis constraints
Creators: name: Varzielas, Ivo de Medeiros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flavour models may display a relation between the CP-violating asymmetry for leptogenesis and low-energy parameters. If the flavour symmetry produces an exact mass independent lepton mixing scheme at leading order (with type I see-saw) the CP-violating asymmetry would vanish in the absence of corrections. We present a model displaying the link between deviations from the mixing scheme and leptogenesis.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings for Corfu Summer Institute 2010
Social support in hoarding
Creators: name: Yip, Jennifer Yan Wa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Many people with hoarding problems have never been married and live by themselves. Further, treatment-seekers tend to be elderly, which puts them at special risk for social isolation. Research has established strong links between social support and many aspects of psychological health, but the role of social support in hoarding has not yet been explored. Does excessive clutter drive away people who care? Does living alone provide freedom to accumulate clutter? How social support is provided and received is also relevant. Although family members or healthcare workers may intend to minimize health and safety risks associated with hoarding behaviour, actions they intend to be supportive may be delivered insensitively or inappropriately. Previous research has found that hoarding is a source of family burden and distress. As a result, hoarding may be related to interpersonal conflict. This study investigated (1) social integration, the degree to which someone is involved in a broad range of relationships, (2) perceived support, the amount of support perceived to be available if need arises, (3) received support, the amount of support perceived to have been obtained, and (4) social conflict, which broadly includes a range of negative social interactions. Seventy-eight participants with a range of hoarding symptoms were surveyed online. The relations among hoarding symptoms and four aspects of social support were examined. The effect of depression was considered, as it is highly comorbid with hoarding and may account for some aspects of poor social support. Hoarding was related to perceived support and social conflict, but this relationship was explained by depression. In contrast, hoarding was not related to social integration or received support. This study provides a basis for further research on social interactions in hoarding, and demonstrates the necessity in building sensitivity and awareness beyond media portrayals of hoarding, such that supportive behaviours are delivered in a thoughtful manner that minimizes conflict. Additionally, this study has implications for encouraging social integration and addressing issues of social support and conflict within hoarding interventions.
Towards Generating Hop-constrained s-t Simple Path Graphs
Creators: name: Cai, Yuzheng
name: Liu, Siyuan
name: Zheng, Weiguo
name: Lin, Xuemin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graphs have been widely used in real-world applications, in which investigating relations between vertices is an important task. In this paper, we study the problem of generating the k-hop-constrained s-t simple path graph, i.e., the subgraph consisting of all simple paths from vertex s to vertex t of length no larger than k. To our best knowledge, we are the first to formalize this problem and prove its NP-hardness on directed graphs. To tackle this challenging problem, we propose an efficient algorithm named EVE, which exploits the paradigm of edge-wise examination rather than exhaustively enumerating all paths. Powered by essential vertices appearing in all simple paths between vertex pairs, EVE distinguishes the edges that are definitely (or not) contained in the desired simple path graph, producing a tight upper-bound graph in the time cost $\mathcal{O}(k^2|E|)$. Each remaining undetermined edge is further verified to deliver the exact answer. Extensive experiments are conducted on 15 real networks. The results show that EVE significantly outperforms all baselines by several orders of magnitude. Moreover, by taking EVE as a built-in block, state-of-the-art for hop-constrained simple path enumeration can be accelerated by up to an order of magnitude.
description: Accepted by SIGMOD 2023
DIABETES PROBLEMS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH BILIRUBIN
Creators: name: Madlool, Ammar Ali
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020

description: Type 2 diabetes (DM) is a chronic, devastating metabolic disorder associated with cardiovascular disease. Bilirubin is a natural antioxidant for the body that has protective effects against some conditions. We aimed to compare the serum bilirubin levels of people with well-controlled diabetes to the levels of patients with type 2 DM. The levels of bilirubin in the blood have both positive and negative effects depending on the amount pre-sent in the human body, Decreased levels of bilirubin in the blood are often observed in diabetics. A decrease in the level of bilirubin in the blood is suggested to increase the prevalence of diabetic reti-nopathy
INTELLIGENT URBAN FACILITY MANAGEMENT IN RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES (The role of technology as a stimulation for urban management)
Creators: name: Abdulhadi Hammood Abbood
name: Dr. Sajidah Kazim Aliwi
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Intelligent urban facilities management
Respond to emergencies
urban functional information integration
flexible solutions.

description: Quick urban growth and technological progress have made urban facilities nowadays more complexity and diversity. Moreover, their breakdown and devastation by calamities will in general reason extreme loss of property and life, which reflects negative impacts on urban development. Therefore, the research, adopted its goal in the necessity of having intelligent urban management for these facilities to deal in a self and effective way in emergencies. The research finds that managing urban facilities through its traditional approach shows limitations in monitoring the condition of facilities at the urban areas level and dealing with emergencies oc-curring in urban facilities. So this paper provides an integrated approach to managing intelligent urban facil-ities to respond to emergencies, on the basis of the integration of information related to facilities and man-agement functions (the integration of urban information and functional). Assuming that the speed of emergen-cy response in urban facilities depends on intelligent urban management, according to the urban functional information integration approach. The research paper arrives to the ability of ISUFM (Intelligent System for Urban Facilities management) to detect any defect in advance and respond appropriately by conducting a comprehensive analysis of urban facilities and their connections, and provide immediate, rapid and flexible solutions.
Optical and electronic properties of GaAsBi alloys for device applications
Creators: name: Masnadi Shirazi Nejad, Mostafa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: GaAs1-xBix is a new III-V semiconductor alloy that shows promise for many optoelectronic applications. In this thesis, several characterization techniques were used to explore the properties of molecular beam epitaxy grown GaAs1-xBix alloys in a wide range of Bi-content. The fundamental bandgap and the optical absorption coefficient of pseudomorphic GaAs1-xBix/GaAs films are studied by optical transmission and photoluminescence spectroscopies. All GaAs1-xBix films (0≤x≤17.8%) show direct optical bandgaps. The bandgap (Eg) decreases strongly with increasing Bi-content, reaching 0.52 eV (~2.4 µm) at 17.8% Bi. At Eg <1.06 eV, GaAs1-xBix has the least lattice mismatch from GaAs of any ternary GaAs alloy, including GaAsN, for a given bandgap. Below the GaAs1-xBix bandgap, exponential absorption tails are observed with Urbach energies 3-6× larger than that of bulk GaAs. The electrical conductivity and Hall transport measurements on nominally undoped GaAs1-xBix films with 0<x≤21.5% Bi reveal an exponential increase in p-type conductivity and a monotonic decrease in hole mobility with increasing Bi-content. From temperature dependent electrical measurements, this behavior is found to be associated with an increase in the density of states in the valence band of GaAs1-xBix alloys and the presence of Bi-induced acceptor states above the valence band. A few optoelectronic device applications of GaAs1-xBix alloys are also examined in this thesis. The photovoltaic response of single junction dilute GaAs1−xBix p+/n diodes were investigated for the first time. With the introduction of Bi into GaAs, the spectral response is shown to expand to longer wavelengths than in GaAs. Based on theoretical modeling, the minority carrier lifetimes in unoptimized bismide material are found to be significantly shorter than the standard grown GaAs, resulting in low collection efficiency in solar cell devices. Furthermore, a systematic analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of rapid thermal annealing on the terahertz emission from bismide based photoconductive switches. Notable enhancement in terms of terahertz emission amplitude and bandwidth are demonstrated from annealed GaAs1-xBix substrates. The optimum thermal annealing was found at 670 °C and 1 min duration. We found that GaAs1-xBix can perform better than conventional low temperature GaAs in generating the terahertz radiation.
Additional file 2 of Constructing xenobiotic maps of metabolism to predict enzymes catalyzing metabolites capable of binding to DNA
Creators: name: Conan, Mael
name: Théret, Nathalie
name: Langouet, Sophie
name: Siegel, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.: Dictionary of SMIRKS rules The file provides a manually constructed catalogue of SMIRK rules required to map SMIRKS rules to enzyme family labels by taking into account the rank of the reaction in the pipeline for building enriched maps of metabolism.
A MiMeS analysis of the magnetic field and circumstellar environment of the weak-wind O9 sub-giant star HD 57682
Creators: name: Grunhut, J. H.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Marcolino, W. L. F.
name: Petit, V.
name: Collaboration, the MiMeS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I will review our recent analysis of the magnetic properties of the O9IV star HD 57682, using spectropolarimetric observations obtained with ESPaDOnS at the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope within the context of the Magnetism in Massive Stars (MiMeS) Large Program. I discuss our most recent determination of the rotational period from longitudinal magnetic field measurements and Halpha variability - the latter obtained from over a decade's worth of professional and amateur spectroscopic observations. Lastly, I will report on our investigation of the magnetic field geometry and the effects of the field on the circumstellar environment.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, IAUS272 - Active OB Stars: Structure, Evolution, Mass Loss and Critical Limits