2017 Protective role of hesperidin.pdf
Creators: name: Shaban, Nadia Z.
name: Zahran, Ahmed M. Ahmed
name: El‑Rashidy, Fatma H.
name: Kodous, Ahmad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: Biophysics
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: 60107 Enzymes

description: AbstractBackground: Gamma (γ) ray, an electromagnetic radiation, is occasionally accompanying the emission of an alphaor beta particle. Exposure to such radiation can cause cellular changes such as mutations, chromosome aberrationand cellular damage which depend upon the total amount of energy, duration of exposure and the dose. Ionizingradiation can impair spermatogenesis and can cause mutations in germ cells. In general, type B spermatogonia aresensitive to this type of radiation. The current study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of hesperidin (H), asa polyphenolic compound, on rat testis injury induced by γ-radiation.Methods: Rats were divided into groups including C group (control rats), R (irradiated) group (rats irradiated withγ-radiation), Vehicle (V) group (rats administered with dimethylsulfoxide “DMSO”), H group (rats administered with Honly), HR and RH groups (rats treated with H before and after exposure to γ-radiation, respectively). Malondialdehyde(MDA: the end product of lipid peroxidation “LPO”) and xanthine oxidase (XO: it generates reactive oxygen species“ROS”) in testes homogenate as well as nitric oxide (NO: as ROS) in mitochondrial matrix were determined. Theapoptotic markers including DNA-fragmentation (DNAF) in testes homogenate and calcium ions (Ca2+) in mitochondrialmatrix were determined. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in testes homogenate, whilereduced glutathione “GSH” in nuclear matrix were determined. Also histopathological examination for testes tissuesthrough electron microscope was studied.Results: Exposure of rats to γ-radiation (R group) increased the levels of MDA, NO, DNAF, Ca2+ and XO activity, whileit decreased GSH level, SOD and CAT activities as compared to the C groups; γ-radiation increased oxidative stress(OS), LPO, apoptosis and induced testes injuries. These results are in agreement with the histopathological examination.In contrast, treatment with H before or after exposure to γ-radiation (HR and RH groups, respectively) decreasedthe levels of MDA, NO, DNAF and Ca2+ but increased GSH level and the activities of SOD, CAT and XO as compared toR group and this indicates that H decreased OS, LPO and apoptosis. Also, the histopathological results showed that Himproved testis architecture and this is related to the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities of H contents. Protectionis more effective when H is given before rather than after exposure. Finally, administration of H to healthy rats fora short period had no adverse affect on testes cells.Conclusion: Hesperidin showed antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. It has a protective role against OS, injuryand apoptosis induced by γ-radiation in testes. Protection is more effective when H is given before rather than afterexposure.