cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advancing Learned Video Compression with In-loop Frame Prediction
Creators: name: Yang, Ren
name: Timofte, Radu
name: Van Gool, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in end-to-end learned video compression. Most previous works explore temporal redundancy by detecting and compressing a motion map to warp the reference frame towards the target frame. Yet, it failed to adequately take advantage of the historical priors in the sequential reference frames. In this paper, we propose an Advanced Learned Video Compression (ALVC) approach with the in-loop frame prediction module, which is able to effectively predict the target frame from the previously compressed frames, without consuming any bit-rate. The predicted frame can serve as a better reference than the previously compressed frame, and therefore it benefits the compression performance. The proposed in-loop prediction module is a part of the end-to-end video compression and is jointly optimized in the whole framework. We propose the recurrent and the bi-directional in-loop prediction modules for compressing P-frames and B-frames, respectively. The experiments show the state-of-the-art performance of our ALVC approach in learned video compression. We also outperform the default hierarchical B mode of x265 in terms of PSNR and beat the slowest mode of the SSIM-tuned x265 on MS-SSIM. The project page: https://github.com/RenYang-home/ALVC.
Ex-Post Analysis of the 2018 and 2019 Market Facilitation Programs
Creators: name: Giri, Anil
name: Peterson, Wesley F.
name: Sharma, Sankalp
name: Tetteh, Iuliia
name: Giri, Anil
name: Peterson, Wesley F.
name: Sharma, Sankalp
name: Tetteh, Iuliia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Public Economics
subject: Agricultural exports
subject: Corn
subject: International trade
subject: Market facilitation program
subject: Soybeans

description: To assist producers affected by retaliatory tariffs, the USDA provided direct payments to producers in 2018 and 2019 under the MFP. This paper examines MFP payment rates at the county level and finds an increase in the 2019 payment rate for some producers who grew corn in 2019, while some producers who grew soybeans, saw smaller increases or a decrease in the 2019 rate.
Stabilizing Canonical-Ensemble Calculations in the Auxiliary-Field Monte Carlo Method
Creators: name: Gilbreth, C. N.
name: Alhassid, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Monte Carlo methods are powerful techniques for studying strongly interacting Fermi systems. However, implementing these methods on computers with finite-precision arithmetic requires careful attention to numerical stability. In the auxiliary-field Monte Carlo (AFMC) method, low-temperature or large-model-space calculations require numerically stabilized matrix multiplication. When adapting methods used in the grand-canonical ensemble to the canonical ensemble of fixed particle number, the numerical stabilization increases the number of required floating-point operations for computing observables by a factor of the size of the single-particle model space, and thus can greatly limit the systems that can be studied. We describe an improved method for stabilizing canonical-ensemble calculations in AFMC that exhibits better scaling, and present numerical tests that demonstrate the accuracy and improved performance of the method.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Radiation in (2+1)-dimensions
Creators: name: Cataldo, Mauricio
name: García, Alberto A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the radiation equation of state $p=ρ/2$ in (2+1)-dimensions. In (3+1)-dimensions the equation of state $p=ρ/3$ may be used to describe either actual electromagnetic radiation (photons) as well as a gas of massless particles in a thermodynamic equilibrium (for example neutrinos). In this work it is shown that in the framework of (2+1)-dimensional Maxwell electrodynamics the radiation law $p=ρ/2$ takes place only for plane waves, i.e. for $E = B$. Instead of the linear Maxwell electrodynamics, to derive the (2+1)-radiation law for more general cases with $E \neq B$, one has to use a conformally invariant electrodynamics, which is a 2+1-nonlinear electrodynamics with a trace free energy-momentum tensor, and to perform a volumetric spatial average of the corresponding Maxwell stress-energy tensor with its electric and magnetic components at a given instant of time $t$.
description: 7 pages. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Persian Emotion Detection using ParsBERT and Imbalanced Data Handling Approaches
Creators: name: Abaskohi, Amirhossein
name: Sabri, Nazanin
name: Bahrak, Behnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emotion recognition is one of the machine learning applications which can be done using text, speech, or image data gathered from social media spaces. Detecting emotion can help us in different fields, including opinion mining. With the spread of social media, different platforms like Twitter have become data sources, and the language used in these platforms is informal, making the emotion detection task difficult. EmoPars and ArmanEmo are two new human-labeled emotion datasets for the Persian language. These datasets, especially EmoPars, are suffering from inequality between several samples between two classes. In this paper, we evaluate EmoPars and compare them with ArmanEmo. Throughout this analysis, we use data augmentation techniques, data re-sampling, and class-weights with Transformer-based Pretrained Language Models(PLMs) to handle the imbalance problem of these datasets. Moreover, feature selection is used to enhance the models' performance by emphasizing the text's specific features. In addition, we provide a new policy for selecting data from EmoPars, which selects the high-confidence samples; as a result, the model does not see samples that do not have specific emotion during training. Our model reaches a Macro-averaged F1-score of 0.81 and 0.76 on ArmanEmo and EmoPars, respectively, which are new state-of-the-art results in these benchmarks.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 9 tables
Impact of the $p$-cubic Dresselhaus term on the spin Hall effect
Creators: name: Santana-Suárez, E.
name: Mireles, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in semiconductor two dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) possesses both linear and cubic in momentum contributions. Nevertheless, the latter is usually neglected in most theoretical studies. However, recent Kerr rotation experiments have revealed a significant enhancement of the cubic Dresselhaus interaction by increasing the drift velocities in 2DEGs hosted in GaAs quantum wells. Here, we present a study of the optical spin Hall conductivity in 2DEGs under the simultaneous presence of Rashba and (linear plus cubic) Dresselhaus SOC. The work was done within the Kubo formalism in linear response. We show that the coexistence of the Rashba and cubic Dresselhaus SOC in 2DEGs promotes a strong anisotropy of the band spin splitting which in turn leads to a very characteristic frequency dependence of the spin Hall conductivity. We find that the spin Hall conductivity response could be very sensible to sizeable cubic-Dresselhaus coupling strength. This may be of relevance for the optical control of spin currents in 2DEGs with non-negligible cubic-Dresselhaus SOC.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Electronic band gap reduction and intense luminescence in Co and Mn ion-implanted SiO$_2$
Creators: name: Green, R. J.
name: Zatsepin, D. A.
name: Onge, D. J. St.
name: Kurmaev, E. Z.
name: Gavrilov, N. V.
name: Zatsepin, A. F.
name: Moewes, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cobalt and manganese ions are implanted into SiO$_2$ over a wide range of concentrations. For low concentrations, the Co atoms occupy interstitial locations, coordinated with oxygen, while metallic Co clusters form at higher implantation concentrations. For all concentrations studied here, Mn ions remain in interstitial locations and do not cluster. Using resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy and Anderson impurity model calculations, we determine the strength of the covalent interaction between the interstitial ions and the SiO$_2$ valence band, finding it comparable to Mn and Co monoxides. Further, we find an increasing reduction in the SiO$_2$ electronic band gap for increasing implantation concentration, due primarily to the introduction of Mn- and Co-derived conduction band states. We also observe a strong increase in a band of x-ray stimulated luminescence at 2.75 eV after implantation, attributed to oxygen deficient centers formed during implantation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: ÐÑÑÑÐµÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¾ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐµ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼Ðµ
Creators: name: Ð Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ³Ð¾ÑÑ
Publisher: name: ÐÐ·Ð´-Ð²Ð¾ ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½. ÑÐ½-ÑÐ°
Year: 2017
Subjects: ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ
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Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼
Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼
Ð¼ÐµÐ¼ÑÐ°ÑÑ

description: ÐÐ½Ð¸Ð³Ð° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÐ° Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸ Ð±ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð»ÑÐ´ÑÐ¼Ð¸, ÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸, ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÑ, ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼-Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼, Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ°ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ ÐÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸. Ð Ð°Ð·Ð¼ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð± ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¸Ð·Ð±ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑ Ðº Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð±ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ° â ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÑ, Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð°, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼Ð°. ÐÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð° Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð. Ð . ÐÑÐ¸Ð³Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð½Ð³Ð»Ð¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ·ÑÐº. ÐÐ¾Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ ÐºÐ¾ 2-Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑ "ÐÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ¾Ð½Ñ-ÐÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ: ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ Ðº Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸" (2016) Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ðµ Ð²Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ°ÑÐ° ÐÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸ ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ ÐÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ-Ð¥Ð¾Ð´Ð¶ÐºÐ¸Ð½ (1987). ÐÐ½Ð¸Ð³Ð° ÑÐ½Ð°Ð±Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð»Ð»ÑÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸.
description: ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð£ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾.
description: This book consists of the Author's recollections of his meetings and conversations with famous figures: scientists, a promoter of culture, an inventor, an advocate and Nobel Laureates. Consideration on these meetings will absolutely lead to the understanding of the values of our existence: culture, professionalism, respectability and patriotism. The conversation with professor I. R. Prigogine has been translated into English. It is to be added the author's article "Vladimir Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich: strokes to biography" (2016) and the letter of Nobel Laureate Dorothy Crowfoot-Hodgkin (1987) published for the first time. The book includes illustrations.
1983 paper on entanglement entropy: "On the Entropy of the Vacuum outside a Horizon"
Creators: name: Sorkin, Rafael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I introduce the concept of *entanglement entropy* (as it's now called) and point out that it follows an *area law* which renders it a suitable source of black hole entropy. I also suggest to conceive the latter as residing on the horizon at approximately one bit per "Planckian plaquette".
description: This is a verbatim copy of a paper published originally in 1983, before the existence of "arXiv". Also available at http://www.pitp.ca/personal/rsorkin/some.papers/31.padova.entropy.pdf
Interplay of Kekulé distortions and laser fields in graphene
Creators: name: López, A.
name: Mireles, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between a Kekulé patterned distortion in monolayer graphene and a monochromatic laser irradiation, focusing in the long wavelength approximation of its Landau level structure. Exploiting the symmetries of the system, we calculate in the static regime an exact analytical solution for the energy spectrum and its eigenstates, which in turn allows us to find close expressions for the polarizations in the valley and pseudospin degrees of freedom. We find that due to the valley-momentum coupling, the valley polarization exhibits a distinct magnetic response for the two $K$-valley components. Owing to that, the introduction of the radiation field mixes the Landau levels, and it is shown that by tuning the system to resonance leads to a larger valley-polarization response as compared to the non-resonant scenario.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Three-dimensional imaging of porcine joint tissues down to the subcellular level
Creators: name: Schulz, Georg
name: Barbero, Andrea
name: Wolf, Francine
name: Rodgers, Griffin
name: Tanner, Christine
name: Weitkamp, Timm
name: Mumme, Marcus
name: Morawska, Marta
name: Beer, Daniel
name: Müller, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Joint tissues consist of trabecular and cortical bone as well as calcified and hyaline cartilage, which presents a challenge for hard X-ray-based visualization on the sub-cellular level due to the wide range of local X-ray absorption values. The density of the calcified tissues requires rather high photon energy, which often leads to insufficient contrast within the cartilage and impedes the visualization of individual biological cells. Decalcification of the tissues reduces the total and local X-ray absorption values and allows for selecting a lower photon energy. Further contrast enhancement can be achieved by ethanol fixation and paraffin tissue embedding. In this study, we (i) searched for an appropriate visualization method to investigate lesions generated by a laser osteotome and (ii) visualized a decalcified porcine joint after ethanol fixation and subsequent paraffin embedding using laboratory- and synchrotron radiation-based microtomography. The experiments at the ANATOMIX beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL were performed in off-axis scan mode with a pixel size of 1.3 um. Individual cells in all layers of the joint could be made visible and the effect of ethanol fixation and paraffin embedding demonstrated.
description: 10 pages. Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2022, San Diego, California, United States
Analysis of Anchor-Size Effects on Pinned Scroll Waves and Measurement of Filament Rigidity
Creators: name: Nakouzi, Elias
name: Jiménez, Zulma A.
name: Biktashev, Vadim N.
name: Steinbock, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inert, spherical heterogeneities can pin three-dimensional scroll waves in the excitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. Three pinning sites cause initially circular rotation backbones to approach equilateral triangles. The resulting stationary shapes show convex deviations that increase with decreasing anchor radii. This dependence is interpreted as a transition between filament termination at large surfaces and true, local pinning of a continuous curve. The shapes of the filament segments are described by a hyperbolic cosine function which is predicted by kinematic theory that considers filament tension and rigidity. The latter value is measured as (1.0 $\pm$ 0.7)$\times$$10^{-6}$ cm$^4$/s.
description: Manuscript with 7 figures and 1 table; supplemental material
Gravitational Collapse, Chaos in CFT Correlators and the Information Paradox
Creators: name: Farahi, Arya
name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field in asymptotically Anti de Sitter spacetime. Following the AdS/CFT dictionary we further study correlations in the field theory side by way of the Klein-Gordon equation of a probe scalar field in the collapsing background. We present evidence that in a certain regime the probe scalar field behaves chaotically, thus supporting Hawking's argument in the black hole information paradox proposing that although the information can be retrieved in principle, deterministic chaos impairs, in practice, the process of unitary extraction of information from a black hole. We emphasize that quantum chaos will change this picture.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Philosophical ruler or pragmatic emperor? An analysis of Roman Stoicism's influence on the policies of Marcus Aurelius
Creators: name: Sol, Auren Tiberius
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: As emperor, the decisions Marcus Aurelius made affected the lives of millions. Yet few studies have been conducted that look into whether his Stoic philosophy impacted those decisions. As a result of the highly specialised and structured research undertaken by modern academia, incompatibilities arise when amalgamating these interdisciplinary conceptualisations of the individual into a comprehensive whole. This study aimed to investigate these incompatibilities by defining Marcus’ ‘lived experiences’ through the intertwining conceptualisations of his personal characteristics, Stoic philosophy, and socio-political influences. Foucault’s post-structural perspective on the ‘history of thought’ was utilised to achieve this, and in so doing, a set of conditions were defined to identify whether specific decisions falling under the differing foundational pillars of Roman society had a philosophical basis. This thesis has determined that Marcus’s unique form of Stoicism directly impacted a number of his decisions. These conditions were stripped down to their base elements to identify whether its ethical core was morally good, and whether Marcus’ rebelliousness identified in Chapter Two, defined as the expansion of benefits, freedoms, or rights of a particular class or subset of marginalised people, was prevalent throughout the decision. In three of the five case studies conducted, both conditions were met. An analysis of a prior quantitative study also determined that the ratio of legislation Marcus made was predominantly affected by his Stoic beliefs. Future research is recommended to expand upon the limited number of case studies to provide a more comprehensive analysis.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЯДЕРНОГО АППАРАТА ГЕПАТОЦИТОВ МЛЕКОПИТАЮЩИХ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВИДАХ РЕПАРАТИВНОЙ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ
Creators: name: Исаева, Нилуфар
name: Мухамеджанов, Алишер
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В печени млекопитающих обнаружен новый феномен–экструзия гранулярного компонента ядрышка в цитоплазму гепатоцитов, которое стимулируется как лекарственными препаратами при экспериментальном токсическом гепатите, так и частичной резекцией печени. Предполагается, что экструзия ГК ядрышка способствует усиленному синтезу белка печеночными клетками, следовательно, может оказать существенную роль в регенеративных процессах печени, а возможно и целого организма.
Error-prone cellular automata as metaphors of immunity as computation
Creators: name: Cassiano, Kátia K.
name: Barbosa, Valmir C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling the immune system so that its essential functionalities stand out without the need for every molecular or cellular interaction to be taken into account has been challenging for many decades. Two competing approaches have been the clonal selection theory and the idiotypic-network theory, each stemming from a relatively separate set of principles. One recent perspective holding the promise of unification is that of immunity as computation, that is, of immunity as the process of computing the state of the body so that protection can be effected, as well as boosted through learning. Here we investigate the use of cellular automata (CA) as the core abstraction supporting this new perspective. Our choice of CA for this role is based on the potential variety of basins in a CA attractor field. Associating each basin with a consistent set of body states, and moreover providing for the noisy evolution of the CA in time so that jumping between basins is possible, have provided the necessary backdrop. Given a CA rule to be followed by all cells synchronously, our model is based on a probability with which each cell, at each time step, independently updates its own state differently than the rule mandates. Setting up and solving the corresponding Markov chain for its stationary probabilities have revealed that already in the context of elementary CA there exist rules that, while allowing transitions between basins, display remarkable resiliency in terms of basin occupation. For these rules, the long-run probability that the CA is found in a given basin is practically the same as in the deterministic case when the initial CA state is chosen uniformly at random. We argue that, consequently, our single-parameter CA model may be a suitable abstraction of immunity as computation.
Interoperability-oriented Quality Assessment for Czech Open Data
Creators: name: Kusnirakova, Dasa
name: Ge, Mouzhi
name: Walletzky, Leonard
name: Buhnova, Barbora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rapid increase of published open datasets, it is crucial to support the open data progress in smart cities while considering the open data quality. In the Czech Republic, and its National Open Data Catalogue (NODC), the open datasets are usually evaluated based on their metadata only, while leaving the content and the adherence to the recommended data structure to the sole responsibility of the data providers. The interoperability of open datasets remains unknown. This paper therefore aims to propose a novel content-aware quality evaluation framework that assesses the quality of open datasets based on five data quality dimensions. With the proposed framework, we provide a fundamental view on the interoperability-oriented data quality of Czech open datasets, which are published in NODC. Our evaluations find that domain-specific open data quality assessments are able to detect data quality issues beyond traditional heuristics used for determining Czech open data quality, increase their interoperability, and thus increase their potential to bring value for the society. The findings of this research are beneficial not only for the case of the Czech Republic, but also can be applied in other countries that intend to enhance their open data quality evaluation processes.
description: In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications - DATA, 446-453, 2022 , Lisbon, Portugal
Topological Analysis of Emerging Bipole Clusters Producing Violent Solar Events
Creators: name: Mandrini, C. H.
name: Schmieder, B.
name: Démoulin, P.
name: Guo, Y.
name: Cristiani, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the rising phase of Solar Cycle 24 tremendous activity occurred on the Sun with fast and compact emergence of magnetic flux leading to bursts of flares (C to M and even X-class). We investigate the violent events occurring in the cluster of two active regions (ARs), NOAA numbers 11121 and 11123, observed in November 2010 with instruments onboard the {\it Solar Dynamics Observatory} and from Earth. Within one day the total magnetic flux increased by $70\%$ with the emergence of new groups of bipoles in AR 11123. From all the events on 11 November, we study, in particular, the ones starting at around 07:16 UT in GOES soft X-ray data and the brightenings preceding them. A magnetic-field topological analysis indicates the presence of null points, associated separatrices and quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) where magnetic reconnection is prone to occur. The presence of null points is confirmed by a linear and a non-linear force-free magnetic-field model. Their locations and general characteristics are similar in both modelling approaches, which supports their robustness. However, in order to explain the full extension of the analysed event brightenings, which are not restricted to the photospheric traces of the null separatrices, we compute the locations of QSLs. Based on this more complete topological analysis, we propose a scenario to explain the origin of a low-energy event preceding a filament eruption, which is accompanied by a two-ribbon flare, and a consecutive confined flare in AR 11123. The results of our topology computation can also explain the locations of flare ribbons in two other events, one preceding and one following the ones at 07:16 UT. Finally, this study provides further examples where flare-ribbon locations can be explained when compared to QSLs and only, partially, when using separatrices.
description: 42 pages, 15 figures
title: Solarthermie für Fernwärme in Nürnberg : SOLFERN
title: Potentialanalyse unterschiedlicher Systeme für zentrale Solarthermienutzung zur Einspeisung in das Fernwärmenetz Nürnberg
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Streller, Dario
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 62 Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Gesellschaftliche und politische Verpflichtungen im Bereich des Klimaschutzes sowie ein weltweit steigender Energiebedarf erfordern ein Umdenken in der Energieerzeugung. Darunter fällt auch die Wärmeerzeugung, welche aktuell zu Großteilen über fossile Energieträger abgedeckt wird. Die großtechnische Nutzung von Solarthermie zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser kann einen maßgeblichen Beitrag leisten, die Wärmeversorgung umweltfreundlicher umzusetzen. In diesem Zusammenhang setzt sich diese Projektarbeit das Ziel, Potentiale von Solarthermie zur Transformation des Fernwärmenetzes in Nürnberg aufzuzeigen und theoretisch aufzuarbeiten. Neben den Grundlagen für die solare Wärmeerzeugung sind die Hauptaspekte die Ermittlung der geneigten Bestrahlungsstärke ausgewählter Testreferenzjahre für einen Standort in Nürnberg sowie die Gegenüberstellung von Flach- und Vakuumröhrenkollektoren hinsichtlich des Kollektorertrags und des Grundstücksflächenbedarfs für eine gewünschte abzugebende Wärmemenge. 
Bei den Untersuchungen hat sich herausgestellt, dass Vakuumröhrenkollektoren mit Wasser als Wärmeträgermedium und in Kombination mit einer hydraulischen Einbindung vom Fernwärmerücklauf in den Vorlauf am sinnvollsten sind. Gerade die verringerten Wärmeverluste und der erhöhte Wirkungsgrad dieser Kollektoren reduzieren den Flächenbedarf maßgeblich. Außerdem wird in den kommenden 20 Jahren nicht mit starken Schwankungen der Globalstrahlung gerechnet, was die Betriebssicherheit für ein solches Großprojekt sicherstellt.
description: Projekt Regenerative Energieversorgung (SoSe 2024); 1
Theory on the Dynamics of Oscillatory Loops in the Transcription Factor Networks
Creators: name: Murugan, Rajamanickam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92B25

description: We develop a detailed theoretical framework for various types of transcription factor gene oscillators. We further demonstrate that one can build genetic-oscillators which are tunable and robust against perturbations in the critical control parameters by coupling two or more independent Goodwin-Griffith oscillators through either -OR- or -AND- type logic. Most of the coupled oscillators constructed in the literature so far seem to be of -OR- type. When there are transient perturbations in one of the -OR- type coupled-oscillators, then the overall period of the system remains constant (period-buffering) whereas in case of -AND- type coupling the overall period of the system moves towards the perturbed oscillator. Though there is a period-buffering, the amplitudes of oscillators coupled through -OR- type logic are more sensitive to perturbations in the parameters associated with the promoter state dynamics than -AND- type. Further analysis shows that the period of -AND- type coupled dual-feedback oscillators can be tuned without conceding on the amplitudes. Using these results we derive the basic design principles governing the robust and tunable synthetic gene oscillators without compromising on their amplitudes.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Monte Carlo simulations of a coarse grained model for an athermal all-polystyrene nanocomposite system
Creators: name: Vogiatzis, Georgios G.
name: Voyiatzis, Evangelos
name: Theodorou, Doros N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of a polystyrene matrix filled with tightly cross-linked polystyrene nanoparticles, forming an athermal nanocomposite system, is investigated by means of a Monte Carlo sampling formalism. The polymer chains are represented as random walks and the system is described through a coarse grained Hamiltonian. This approach is related to self-consistent-field theory but does not invoke a saddle point approximation and is suitable for treating large three-dimensional systems. The local structure of the polymer matrix in the vicinity of the nanoparticles is found to be different in many ways from that of the corresponding bulk, both at the segment and the chain level. The local polymer density profile near to the particle displays a maximum and the bonds develop considerable orientation parallel to the nanoparticle surface. The depletion layer thickness is also analyzed. The chains orient with their longest dimension parallel to the surface of the particles. Their intrinsic shape, as characterized by spans and principal moments of inertia, is found to be a strong function of position relative to the interface. The dispersion of many nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix leads to extension of the chains when their size is similar to the radius of the dispersed particles.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
An Abelian Higgs model for disclinations in nematics
Creators: name: Santos, A. de Pádua
name: Moraes, F.
name: Santos, F. A. N.
name: Fumeron, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological defects in elastic media may be described by a geometric field akin to three-dimensional gravity. From this point of view, disclinations are line defects of zero width corresponding to a singularity of the curvature in an otherwise flat background. On the other hand, in two dimensions, the Frank free energy of a nematic liquid crystal may be interpreted as an Abelian Higgs Lagrangian. In this work, we construct an Abelian Higgs model coupled to "gravity" for the nematic phase, with the perspective of finding more realistic disclinations. That is, a cylindrically symmetric line defect of finite radius, invariant under translations along its axis. Numerical analysis of the equations of motion indeed yield a $+1$ winding number "thick" disclination. The defect is described jointly by the gauge and the Higgs fields, that compose the director field, and the background geometry. Away from the defect, the geometry is conical, associated to a dihedral deficit angle. The gauge field, confined to the defect, gives a structure to the disclination while the Higgs field, outside, represents the nematic order.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Galaxy properties in clusters. II. Backsplash Galaxies
Creators: name: Muriel, H.
name: Coenda, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of galaxies on the outskirts of clusters and their dependence on recent dynamical history in order to understand the real impact that the cluster core has on the evolution of galaxies. We analyse the properties of more than 1000 galaxies brighter than $M_{^{0.1}r}$=-19.6 on the outskirts of 90 clusters ($1
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)
D2.4 - RightsApp - Translation of the particles into different languages
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Conejero, Jorge
name: Teodoro, Emma
name: Zapater, Esther
name: Santos, Cristiana
name: Casanovas, Pompeu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: EU victims' rights
EU citizens empowerment
Mobile technologies

description: This document provides the translation of the particles introduced in RightsApp Deliverable D2.3 “Particles tagged and decision tree” into English, Spanish (already provided in RightsApp Deliverable D2.3), Portuguese and Italian.

Therefore, this deliverable includes the particles tagged into these four languages.
title: Möglichkeiten der Geothermienutzung im Raum Nürnberg : GEO N
title: Unterschiedliche Potenziale der Geothermienutzung für das Fernwärmenetz Nürnberg
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pfab, Jonas
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 62 Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Tiefe Geothermie stellt eine nachhaltige und zuverlässige Energiequelle dar, die das Potenzial hat, einen signifikanten Beitrag zur globalen Energiewende zu leisten. Diese Technologie nutzt die in großen Tiefen gespeicherte geothermische Energie zur Erzeugung von Wärme und Elektrizität. Es wird hauptsächlich zwischen hydrothermalen und petrothermalen Systemen unterschieden: Hydrothermale Geothermie nutzt natürlich vorkommende heiße Wasserreservoirs, während petrothermale Geothermie Wärme aus heißen, trockenen Gesteinen extrahiert. Diese Arbeit untersucht die sich natürlich einstellende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in einem Geothermiekreislauf, basierend auf dem Vorbild der Eavor Loops in Geretsried (Eavor Erdwärme Geretsried GmbH, 2024). Dabei werden die Herausforderungen praxisnaher Berechnungen, insbesondere bei petrothermalen Systemen, analysiert und innovative Bohrmethoden vorge-stellt. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf den spezifischen Bedingungen des Geothermieprojekts von Eavor in Geretsried, das als Vorreiterprojekt in Deutschland gilt und bedeutendes Potenzial für die petrothermale Geothermie aufweist. Durch die Betrachtung der technischen, wirtschaftlichen und ökologischen Aspekte der Tiefengeothermie nach dem Modell von Geretsried zeigt diese Arbeit, dass trotz hoher initialer Investitionskosten und technischer Herausforderungen die Weiterentwicklung und Anwendung dieser Technologie maßgeblich zur Reduzierung der CO₂-Emissionen und zur Sicherstellung einer stabilen Energieversorgung beitragen kann. Es wird besonders betont, wie die Kombination von Geothermie mit anderen erneuerbaren Energien, wie Solarthermie, die Effizienz und Lebensdauer der Systeme weiter steigern kann.
description: Projekt Regenerative Energieversorgung (SoSe 2024); 2
Quantum probabilities and entanglement for multimode quantum systems
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Yukalova, E. P.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum probabilities are defined for several important physical cases characterizing measurements with multimode quantum systems. These are the probabilities for operationally testable measurements, for operationally uncertain measurements, and for entangled composite events. The role of the prospect and state entanglement is emphasized. Numerical modeling is presented for a two-mode Bose-condensed system of trapped atoms. The interference factor is calculated by invoking the channel-state duality.
description: Latex file, 11 pages, 2 figures
Happiness among dentists a multi-scale, multi-national study from 21 countries.pdf
Creators: name: Alhajj, Mohammed Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Abstract Objectives The extent to which dentists are happy with their profession and their life has not been well studied. The present study aimed to explore the level of happiness, satisfaction with life and psychological well-being among a sample of dental professionals from 21 countries. Materials and Methods The sample comprised 2,200 dentists from 21 countries. Three scales – Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Affect Balance Scale (ABS) – were used to measure the subjective responses. Data related to demographic and social characteristics were recorded. Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used as appropriate. Scales were correlated, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify the independent determinants of SHS, SWLS and ABS. Data were analysed using the SPSS software program; a value of P <0.05 was considered significant. Results The overall mean scores of SHS, SWLS and ABS were 18.53 ± 5.06, 23.06 ± 6.25 and 1.26 ± 2.40, respectively, with significant differences found across countries: dentists working in Croatia, Peru and Serbia recorded the highest scores, unlike dentists practicing in Yemen, Syria, and Iraq, who recorded the lowest scores. There were significant, moderately positive correlations between the various scales: SHS and SWLS: r = 0.535, P < 0.001; SHS and ABS: r = 0.58, P < 0.001; and SWLS and ABS: r = 0.533, P < 0.001. Country of practice, age, qualification and monthly income were the significant independent predictors of SHS, SWLS and ABS. Conclusion Country of residence and social characteristics were associated with dentists’ responses regarding their feelings and subjective well-being.
Geometry of quantum evolution for mixed quantum states
Creators: name: Andersson, Ole
name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric formulation of quantum mechanics is a very interesting field of research which has many applications in the emerging field of quantum computation and quantum information, such as schemes for optimal quantum computers. In this work we discuss a geometric formulation of mixed quantum states represented by density operators. Our formulation is based on principal fiber bundles and purifications of quantum states. In our construction, the Riemannian metric and symplectic form on the total space are induced from the real and imaginary parts of the Hilbert-Schmidt Hermitian inner product, and we define a mechanical connection in terms of a locked inertia tensor and moment map. We also discuss some applications of our geometric framework.
description: Presentation at CEWQO2013-Stockholm, 6 pages
Tunneling from general Smith-Volterra-Cantor potential
Creators: name: Singh, Vibhav Narayan
name: Umar, Mohammad
name: Hasan, Mohammad
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tunneling problem from general Smith-Volterra-Cantor (SVC) potential of finite length $L$ characterized by the scaling parameter $ρ$ and stage $G$. We show that the SVC($ρ$) potential of stage $G$ is the special case of super periodic potential (SPP) of order $G$. By using SPP formalism developed by us earlier, we provide the close form expression of tunneling probability $T_{G}(k)$ with the help of $q$-Pochhammer symbol. The profile of $T_{G}(k)$ with wave vector $k$ is found to saturate with increasing stage $G$. Very sharp transmission resonances are found to occur from this system which may find applications in the design of sharp transmission filters.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
Comorbidity identification and referral in atopic dermatitis: a consensus document
Creators: name: de Frutos, Javier Ortíz
name: Carretero, Gregorio
name: de Lucas, Raul
name: Puig, Susana
name: Serra, Esther
name: Castro, Susana Gómez
name: Laserna, Francisco Rebollo
name: Loza, Estíbaliz
name: Silvestre-Salvador, Juan Francisco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with different comorbidities. To develop evidence-based and practical recommendations for comorbidity detection in patients with AD in daily practice. We employed a modified RAND/UCLA methodology, including a systematic literature review (SLR). A group of six experts on AD was established. We conducted a comprehensive search strategy on Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to June 2020. The selection criteria included studies with AD patients with any comorbidity reporting data on comorbidity prevalence, burden, and management. The included studies quality was assessed. The SLR results were discussed in a nominal group meeting, and several recommendations were generated. The recommendation agreement grade was tested on additional experts through a Delphi process. The recommendations cover the following issues: (1) Which comorbidities should be investigated at the first and subsequent visits; (2) how and when should comorbidities be investigated (screening); (3) how should patients with specific comorbidities be referred to confirm their diagnosis and initiate management; (4) specific recommendations to ensure an integral care approach for AD patients with any comorbidity. These recommendations seek to guide dermatologists, patients, and other stakeholders in regard to early comorbidity identification and AD patient referral to improve decision-making.
The Age Distribution of Clusters in M83
Creators: name: Silva-Villa, E.
name: Adamo, A.
name: Bastian, N.
name: Fouesneau, M.
name: Zackrisson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to empirically determine the timescale and environmental dependence of stellar cluster disruption, we have undertaken an analysis of the unprecedented multi-pointing (seven), multi-wavelength (U, B, V, H$α$, and I) Hubble Space Telescope imaging survey of the nearby, face-on spiral galaxy M83. The images are used to locate stellar clusters and stellar associations throughout the galaxy. Estimation of cluster properties (age, mass, and extinction) was done through a comparison of their spectral energy distributions with simple stellar population models. We constructed the largest catalog of stellar clusters and associations in this galaxy to-date, with ~1800 sources with masses above ~5000 M$_{\odot}$ and ages younger than ~300 Myr. In the present letter, we focus on the age distribution of the resulting clusters and associations. In particular, we explicitly test whether the age distributions are related with the ambient environment. Our results are in excellent agreement with previous studies of age distributions in the centre of the galaxy, which gives us confidence to expand out to search for similarities or differences in the other fields which sample different environments. We find that the age distribution of the clusters inside M83 varies strongly as a function of position within the galaxy, indicating a strong correlation with the galactic environment. If the age distributions are approximated as a power-law of the form $dN/dt \propto t^ζ$, we find $ζ$ values between 0 and -0.62 ( $ζ$~-0.40 for the whole galaxy), in good agreement with previous results and theoretical predictions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. MNRAS letters, in press
Associations Between Divorce Histories and Unhealthy Alcohol Use Among Middle Aged and Older Adults
Creators: name: Ford, Katherine J.
name: Burns, Rachel J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: Unhealthy alcohol use has been considered a coping strategy related to stressful and traumatic life events such as relationship loss. Yet, the effects of marital status on health behaviors are generally studied cross-sectionally or over one transition. We explored associations between the frequency and quantity of alcohol use with the number of episodes and duration of separation/divorce events across adulthood among English adults in mid to later life. Methods: This study used life history data from wave 3 (2006/07) of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging to compute marital sequences based on marital status at each year of age from 18 years of 6,355 adults aged 50–80 years. These sequences were used to compute the portion of adulthood spent separated/divorced and the number of episodes of divorce. These variables were used as predictors in logistic regressions predicting unhealthy alcohol use, while also controlling for current marital status. Results: We found that the number of episodes of separation/divorce increased the odds of drinking ≥5 days/week and binge drinking (≥6 drinks/occasion for women; ≥8 drinks/occasion for men), whereas the portion of adulthood spent divorced was not associated with drinking frequency or binge drinking. Some nuances by gender were also noted. Conclusions: Recurrent transitions into separation/divorce over adulthood appears to increase risk of unhealthy alcohol use in mid to later life beyond the risks associated with current marital status.