cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Fermi-liquid d-wave metal phase of strongly interacting electrons
Creators: name: Jiang, Hong-Chen
name: Block, Matthew S.
name: Mishmash, Ryan V.
name: Garrison, James R.
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Motrunich, Olexei I.
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing a theoretical framework for conducting electronic fluids qualitatively distinct from those described by Landau's Fermi-liquid theory is of central importance to many outstanding problems in condensed matter physics. One such problem is that, above the transition temperature and near optimal doping, high-transition-temperature copper-oxide superconductors exhibit `strange metal' behaviour that is inconsistent with being a traditional Landau Fermi liquid. Indeed, a microscopic theory of a strange-metal quantum phase could shed new light on the interesting low-temperature behaviour in the pseudogap regime and on the d-wave superconductor itself. Here we present a theory for a specific example of a strange metal---the 'd-wave metal'. Using variational wavefunctions, gauge theoretic arguments, and ultimately large-scale density matrix renormalization group calculations, we show that this remarkable quantum phase is the ground state of a reasonable microscopic Hamiltonian---the usual t-J model with electron kinetic energy $t$ and two-spin exchange $J$ supplemented with a frustrated electron `ring-exchange' term, which we here examine extensively on the square lattice two-leg ladder. These findings constitute an explicit theoretical example of a genuine non-Fermi-liquid metal existing as the ground state of a realistic model.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures: 6 pages, 7 figures of main text + 16 pages, 5 figures of Supplementary Information; this is approximately the version published in Nature, minus various subedits in the main text
Zürn, Hartwig: Die vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Geländedenkmale und die mittelalterlichen Burgstellen der Kreise Göppingen und Ulm
Creators: name: Claus, Martin
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Zürn, Hartwig: Die vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Geländedenkmale und die mittelalterlichen Burgstellen der Kreise Göppingen und Ulm. Veröffentlichungen des staatlichen Amtes für Denkmalpflege Stuttgart. Reihe A, Vor- und Frühgeschichte; Heft 6, 40, 36 Seit., 34Tafn. und 2 Ktn. Verlag Silberburg Stuttgart 1961
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 31 (1962): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Decline in carbon emission intensity of global agriculture has stagnated recently
Creators: name: Bai, Zhaohai
name: Zhang, Nannan
name: Winiwarter, Wilfried
name: Luo, Jiafa
name: Chang, Jinfeng
name: Smith, Pete
name: Ledgard, Stewart
name: Wu, Yan
name: Hong, Chaopeng
name: Conchedda, Giulia
name: Ma, Lin
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: Using global data for around 180 countries and territories and 170 food/feed types primarily derived from FAOSTAT, we have systematically analyzed the changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity (GHGi) (kg CO2eq per kg protein production) over the past six decades. We found that, with large spatial heterogeneity, emission intensity decreased by nearly two-thirds from 1961 to 2019, predominantly in the earlier years due to agronomic improvement in productivity. However, in the most recent decade, emission intensity has become stagnant, and in a few countries even showed an increase, due to the rapid increase in livestock production and land use changes. The trade of final produced protein between countries has potentially reduced the global GHGi, especially for countries that are net importers with high GHGi, such as many in Africa and South Asia. Overall, a continuous decline of emission intensity in the future relies on countries with higher emission intensity to increase agricultural productivity and minimize land use changes. Countries with lower emission intensity should reduce livestock production and increase the free trade of agricultural products and improve the trade optimality.
Comment on "Fluctuation-induced first-order transition p-wave superconductors" by Qi Li, D. Belitz, and J. Toner [Phys. Rev. B79, 054514 (2009)]
Creators: name: Uzunov, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Comment, we show that the paper by Qi Li, D. Belitz and J. Toner, published in Phys. Rev. B {\bf 79}, 054514 (2009), contains an incomplete mean-field analysis of a simple model of Ginzburg-Landau type. The latter contains a stable non-unitary phase, which has not been found in this study and is missing in the outlined picture of possible stable phases. In this Comment, the mean field analysis has been corrected, the errors have been explained in details and relevant topics have been discussed. Shortcomings in the mean-field-like and renormalization group studies in the mentioned paper have also been revealed.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Steinzeitliche Siedlungsfunde auf dem Gallberg bei Himmelsthür, Kr. Hildesheim-Marienburg
Creators: name: Baumann, G. E. H.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Discrete Riemann surfaces: linear discretization and its convergence
Creators: name: Bobenko, Alexander
name: Skopenkov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A12, 65M60, 30F30

description: We develop linear discretization of complex analysis, originally introduced by R. Isaacs, J. Ferrand, R. Duffin, and C. Mercat. We prove convergence of discrete period matrices and discrete Abelian integrals to their continuous counterparts. We also prove a discrete counterpart of the Riemann--Roch theorem. The proofs use energy estimates inspired by electrical networks.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Major revision: Theorem 2.5, Lemma 2.7, their proofs, and the proof of Identity 3.1 corrected, new Sections 4.2, 4.3, 7.2, 7.3, and details to Section 5 added
Die Farbkennzeichnung bei der Qualitätseinschätzung von Kartoffelfrischprodukten
Creators: name: Wormanns, Gerhard
name: Hoffmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 2002

description: Farben - auch wenn sie individuell verschieden empfunden werden - sind ein wesentliches Kriterium bei der Qualitätseinschätzung von Obst, Gemüse und Kartoffeln. Für die Bestimmung von Farben gibt es keine physikalische Messgröße wie für die Länge oder die Masse. Entwickelt wurden jedoch verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Farbkennzeichnung, die auch bei diesen Produkten angewendet werden können. Über die im Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim (ATB) bei der Farbkennzeichnung von Kartoffelfrischprodukten verwendeten Methoden sowie über deren Anwendung bei der Einschätzung von Kartoffelsorten wird berichtet.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 57 Nr. 2 (2002)
An age-of-allele test of neutrality for transposable element insertions
Creators: name: Blumenstiel, Justin P.
name: Chen, Xi
name: He, Miaomiao
name: Bergman, Casey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: How natural selection acts to limit the proliferation of transposable elements (TEs) in genomes has been of interest to evolutionary biologists for many years. To describe TE dynamics in populations, many previous studies have used models of transposition-selection equilibrium that rely on the assumption of a constant rate of transposition. However, since TE invasions are known to happen in bursts through time, this assumption may not be reasonable in natural populations. Here we propose a test of neutrality for TE insertions that does not rely on the assumption of a constant transposition rate. We consider the case of TE insertions that have been ascertained from a single haploid reference genome sequence and have subsequently had their allele frequency estimated in a population sample. By conditioning on the age of an individual TE insertion (using information contained in the number of substitutions that have occurred within the TE sequence since insertion), we determine the probability distribution for the insertion allele frequency in a population sample under neutrality. Taking models of varying population size into account, we then evaluate predictions of our model against allele frequency data from 190 retrotransposon insertions sampled from North American and African populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Using this non-equilibrium model, we are able to explain about 80% of the variance in TE insertion allele frequencies based on age alone. Controlling both for nonequilibrium dynamics of transposition and host demography, we provide evidence for negative selection acting against most TEs as well as for positive selection acting on a small subset of TEs. Our work establishes a new framework for the analysis of the evolutionary forces governing large insertion mutations like TEs, gene duplications or other copy number variants.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures, Supplemental Data available: jblumens@ku.edu
Grab der Walternienburg-Bernburger Kultur bei Liebenburg, Kr. Goslar
Creators: name: Tode, Alfred
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Fibonacci topological order from quantum nets
Creators: name: Fendley, Paul
name: Isakov, Sergei V.
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a model of quantum nets and show it has non-abelian topological order of doubled Fibonacci type. The ground state has the same topological behavior as that of the corresponding string-net model, but our Hamiltonian can be defined on any lattice, has less complicated interactions, and its excitations are dynamical, not fixed. This Hamiltonian includes terms acting on the spins around a face, around a vertex, and special "Jones-Wenzl" terms that serve to couple long loops together. We provide strong evidence for a gap by exact diagonalization, completing the list of ingredients necessary for topological order.
description: 5 pages. v2: minor rewriting
Pfalz Werla bei Werlaburgdorf und Schladen, Kr. Goslar
Creators: name: Tode, Alfred
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Multinets, parallel connections, and Milnor fibrations of arrangements
Creators: name: Denham, Graham
name: Suciu, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S55, 55N25, 32S22, 57M10, 18D50

description: The characteristic varieties of a space are the jump loci for homology of rank 1 local systems. The way in which the geometry of these varieties may vary with the characteristic of the ground field is reflected in the homology of finite cyclic covers. We exploit this phenomenon to detect torsion in the homology of Milnor fibers of projective hypersurfaces. One tool we use is the interpretation of the degree 1 characteristic varieties of a hyperplane arrangement complement in terms of orbifold fibrations and multinets on the corresponding matroid. Another tool is a polarization construction, based on the parallel connection operad for matroids. Our main result gives a combinatorial machine for producing arrangements whose Milnor fibers have torsion in homology.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
Fortführung der Ausgrabung des Friesenfriedhofes bei Zetel
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Dimensional Effects on the Momentum distribution of Bosonic Trimer States
Creators: name: Bellotti, F. F.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Yamashita, M. T.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
name: Zinner, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The momentum distribution is a powerful probe of strongly-interacting systems that are expected to display universal behavior. This is contained in the contact parameters which relate few- and many-body properties. Here we consider a Bose gas in two dimensions and explicitly show that the two-body contact parameter is universal and then demonstrate that the momentum distribution at next-to-leading order has a logarithmic dependence on momentum which is vastly different from the three-dimensional case. Based on this, we propose a scheme for measuring the effective dimensionality of a quantum many-body system by exploiting the functional form of the momentum distribution.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, final version
Probegrabung auf dem Friesenfriedhof bei Schortens
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
The influence of strong magnetic fields on proto-quark stars
Creators: name: Dexheimer, V.
name: Menezes, D. P.
name: Strickland, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze different stages of magnetized quark star evolution incorporating baryon number conservation and using an anisotropic energy momentum tensor. The first stages of the evolution are simulated through the inclusion of trapped neutrinos and fixed entropy per particle, while in the last stage the star is taken to be deleptonized and cold. We find that, although strong magnetic fields modify quark star masses, the evolution of isolated stars needs to be constrained by fixed baryon number, which necessarily lowers the possible star masses. Moreover, magnetic field effects, measured by the difference between the parallel and perpendicular pressures, are more pronounced in the beginning of the star evolution, when there is a larger number of charged leptons and up quarks. We also show that having a spatially varying magnetic field allows for larger magnetic fields to be supported.
Versetzung des „Lübbensteines" bei Schortens
Creators: name: Marschalleck, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Tensor Network Methods for Invariant Theory
Creators: name: Biamonte, Jacob
name: Bergholm, Ville
name: Lanzagorta, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invariant theory is concerned with functions that do not change under the action of a given group. Here we communicate an approach based on tensor networks to represent polynomial local unitary invariants of quantum states. This graphical approach provides an alternative to the polynomial equations that describe invariants, which often contain a large number of terms with coefficients raised to high powers. This approach also enables one to use known methods from tensor network theory (such as the matrix product state factorization) when studying polynomial invariants. As our main example, we consider invariants of matrix product states. We generate a family of tensor contractions resulting in a complete set of local unitary invariants that can be used to express the Rényi entropies. We find that the graphical approach to representing invariants can provide structural insight into the invariants being contracted, as well as an alternative, and sometimes much simpler, means to study polynomial invariants of quantum states. In addition, many tensor network methods, such as matrix product states, contain excellent tools that can be applied in the study of invariants.
description: 21 pages
Supplementary Image S1 from Rethinking same-sex sexual behaviour: male field crickets have broad mating filters
Creators: name: Richardson, Jon
name: Zuk, Marlene
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Example of the plastic cricket used as a stimulus in our experiment. An adult male Pacific field cricket (Teleogryllus oceanicus) is included for comparison.
title: Medizinische Begutachtung digitaler  Gesundheitsanwendungen im Projekt „Trusted Health Apps“.  Bewertungsprojekt: Depressive Störungen.  Anwendung: Selfapys Online-Kurs bei Depression
Creators: name: Thiele, Christian
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Digitale Gesundheitsanwendung
Depression
Depressive Störung

description: Unsere medizinische Bewertung digitaler Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) zeigt, dass die medizinische Qualität und Unterschiede in ihrer Evidenzlage systematisch und transparent dargestellt werden können. Dies ist ein entscheidender Schritt, um Patientinnen und Patienten sowie der Ärzteschaft und anderen Stakeholdern Orientierung zu bieten.

In diesem Bericht werden die Bewertungsergebnisse der Anwendung „Selfapys Online-Kurs bei Depression“ dargestellt.
Ein mittelsteinzeitlicher Siedlungshorizont in Scharrel, Kr. Cloppenburg
Creators: name: Steffens, Heino-Gerd
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Inverse Spectral Theory for Sturm-Liouville Operators with Distributional Potentials
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Jonathan
name: Gesztesy, Fritz
name: Nichols, Roger
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B24, 34L05 (Primary), 34L40, 46E22 (Secondary)

description: We discuss inverse spectral theory for singular differential operators on arbitrary intervals $(a,b) \subseteq \mathbb{R}$ associated with rather general differential expressions of the type \[τf = \frac{1}{r} \left(- \big(p[f' + s f]\big)' + s p[f' + s f] + qf\right), \] where the coefficients $p$, $q$, $r$, $s$ are Lebesgue measurable on $(a,b)$ with $p^{-1}$, $q$, $r$, $s \in L^1_{\text{loc}}((a,b); dx)$ and real-valued with $p\not=0$ and $r>0$ a.e.\ on $(a,b)$. In particular, we explicitly permit certain distributional potential coefficients. The inverse spectral theory results derived in this paper include those implied by the spectral measure, by two-spectra and three-spectra, as well as local Borg-Marchenko-type inverse spectral results. The special cases of Schrödinger operators with distributional potentials and Sturm--Liouville operators in impedance form are isolated, in particular.
description: 29 pages
physis
Creators: name: Dunshirn, Alfred
Publisher: name: Online Encyclopedia Philosophy of Nature
Year: 2019

description: Physis, as the Greek counterpart to the Latin natura, describes the constitution and origin of complexes arising from themselves in various degrees of independence. Taken in a broad sense, physis can name the “growth” of plants and animals as well as the composition of a genus or the origin or composition of the entire cosmos (physis ton panton). An inquiry into the origin and structure of the phenomena covered by the umbrella term physis is the starting point of the observations of the early Greek sages, as well as those of philosophers in the tradition of Plato, Aristotle, the Atomists and the Stoics who opened up the various fields of knowledge of the world. An oft-mentioned antithesis to physis is techne, which means the (mostly human-made) production of objects that do not have their origin in themselves. In the realm of actions, physis can be regarded as the point of orientation on which a successful life is to be aligned – one is to “live in accordance with physis”. With regard to a comprehension of phenomena in the world that transcends the superficial contemplation of objects, physis until late antiquity stands both for the concrete and complex determination of things and living beings as well as for the “essence” of God.
description: Online Encyclopedia Philosophy of Nature, 2019
Search for magnetic monopoles in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents a search for magnetic monopoles with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider using an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb^-1 of pp collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=7 TeV. No event is found in the signal region, leading to an upper limit on the production cross section at 95% confidence level of 1.6/epsilon fb for Dirac magnetic monopoles with the minimum unit magnetic charge and with mass between 200 GeV and 1500 GeV, where epsilon is the monopole reconstruction efficiency. The efficiency epsilon is high and uniform in the fiducial region given by pseudorapidity |eta|<1.37 and transverse kinetic energy 600-700
description: 6 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 3 figures, 1 table, (v3) matches published PRL version. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2011-27/
Bayesian clustering of replicated time-course gene expression data with weak signals
Creators: name: Fu, Audrey Qiuyan
name: Russell, Steven
name: Bray, Sarah J.
name: Tavaré, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To identify novel dynamic patterns of gene expression, we develop a statistical method to cluster noisy measurements of gene expression collected from multiple replicates at multiple time points, with an unknown number of clusters. We propose a random-effects mixture model coupled with a Dirichlet-process prior for clustering. The mixture model formulation allows for probabilistic cluster assignments. The random-effects formulation allows for attributing the total variability in the data to the sources that are consistent with the experimental design, particularly when the noise level is high and the temporal dependence is not strong. The Dirichlet-process prior induces a prior distribution on partitions and helps to estimate the number of clusters (or mixture components) from the data. We further tackle two challenges associated with Dirichlet-process prior-based methods. One is efficient sampling. We develop a novel Metropolis-Hastings Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure to sample the partitions. The other is efficient use of the MCMC samples in forming clusters. We propose a two-step procedure for posterior inference, which involves resampling and relabeling, to estimate the posterior allocation probability matrix. This matrix can be directly used in cluster assignments, while describing the uncertainty in clustering. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and sampling procedure through simulated data. Applying our method to a real data set collected from Drosophila adult muscle cells after five-minute Notch activation, we identify 14 clusters of different transcriptional responses among 163 differentially expressed genes, which provides novel insights into underlying transcriptional mechanisms in the Notch signaling pathway. The algorithm developed here is implemented in the R package DIRECT, available on CRAN.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS650 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quantum heat engine in the relativistic limit: The case of a Dirac particle
Creators: name: Muñoz, E.
name: Peña, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the efficiency of two different schemes for a quantum heat engine, by considering a single Dirac particle trapped in an infinite one-dimensional potential well as the "working substance." The first scheme is a cycle, composed of two adiabatic and two isoenergetic reversible trajectories in configuration space. The trajectories are driven by a quasistatic deformation of the potential well due to an external applied force. The second scheme is a variant of the former, where isoenergetic trajectories are replaced by isothermal ones, along which the system is in contact with macroscopic thermostats. This second scheme constitutes a quantum analog of the classical Carnot cycle. Our expressions, as obtained from the Dirac single-particle spectrum, converge in the nonrelativistic limit to some of the existing results in the literature for the Schrödinger spectrum.
Stable all nitrogen metallic salt at terapascal pressures
Creators: name: Sun, Jian
name: Martinez-Canales, Miguel
name: Klug, Dennis D.
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Needs, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram and equation of state of dense nitrogen are of interest in understanding the fundamental physics and chemistry under extreme conditions, including planetary processes, and in discovering new materials. We predict several stable phases of nitrogen at multi-TPa pressures, including a P4/nbm structure consisting of partially charged N2 pairs and N5 tetrahedra, which is stable in the range 2.5-6.8 TPa. This is followed by a modulated layered structure between 6.8 and 12.6 TPa, which also exhibits a significant charge transfer. The P4/nbm metallic nitrogen salt and the modulated structure are stable at high pressures and temperatures, and they exhibit strongly ionic features and charge density distortions, which is unexpected in an element under such extreme conditions and could represent a new class of nitrogen materials. The P-T phase diagram of nitrogen at TPa pressures is investigated using quasiharmonic phonon calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. (jiansun@nju.edu.cn; miguel.c.martinez@ucl.ac.uk)
The Cox ring of a spherical embedding
Creators: name: Gagliardi, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be a connected reductive group and G/H a spherical homogeneous space. We show that the ideal of relations between a natural set of generators of the Cox ring of a G-embedding of G/H can be obtained by homogenizing certain equations which depend only on the homogeneous space. Using this result, we describe some examples of spherical homogeneous spaces such that the Cox ring of any of their G-embeddings is defined by one equation.
PETRELS: Parallel Subspace Estimation and Tracking by Recursive Least Squares from Partial Observations
Creators: name: Chi, Yuejie
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
name: Calderbank, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many real world data sets exhibit an embedding of low-dimensional structure in a high-dimensional manifold. Examples include images, videos and internet traffic data. It is of great significance to reduce the storage requirements and computational complexity when the data dimension is high. Therefore we consider the problem of reconstructing a data stream from a small subset of its entries, where the data is assumed to lie in a low-dimensional linear subspace, possibly corrupted by noise. We further consider tracking the change of the underlying subspace, which can be applied to applications such as video denoising, network monitoring and anomaly detection. Our problem can be viewed as a sequential low-rank matrix completion problem in which the subspace is learned in an on-line fashion. The proposed algorithm, dubbed Parallel Estimation and Tracking by REcursive Least Squares (PETRELS), first identifies the underlying low-dimensional subspace via a recursive procedure for each row of the subspace matrix in parallel with discounting for previous observations, and then reconstructs the missing entries via least-squares estimation if required. Numerical examples are provided for direction-of-arrival estimation and matrix completion, comparing PETRELS with state of the art batch algorithms.
description: submitted to IEEE Trans. Signal Processing. Part of the result was reported at ICASSP 2012 and won the best student paper award
Botanische Großreste aus Feuchtsedimenten vom großen Drainagekanal der römischen Heilthermen von Badenweiler, Kr. Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Creators: name: Stika, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Year: 2019

description: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 23 (1999): Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Ausstellungskataloge und Museumsbericht
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 13 Nr. 1 (1960): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Oldeberg, Andreas: Studien über die schwedische Bootaxtkultur
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Oldeberg, Andreas: Studien über die schwedische Bootaxtkultur. Stockholm: Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien. 1952. 4°. 282 S. m. 299 Abb. u. 15 Kart.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 22 (1953): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Die Ausgrabungen auf dem Gelände der Pfalz Grona bei Göttingen im Jahre 1961
Creators: name: Peters, Hans-Günter
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 31 (1962): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Altsteinzeitlicher Einzelfund von Medingen, Kr. Uelzen
Creators: name: Voss, K. L.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Majorana Fermions with Redundancy Using Dipoles in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Lin, Fei
name: Scarola, V. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pairing between spinless fermions can generate Majorana fermion excitations that exhibit intriguing properties arising from non-local correlations. But simple models indicate that non-local correlation between Majorana fermions becomes unstable at non-zero temperatures. We address this issue by showing that anisotropic interactions between dipolar fermions in optical lattices can be used to significantly enhance thermal stability. We construct a model of oriented dipolar fermions in a square optical lattice. We find that domains established by strong interactions exhibit enhanced correlation between Majorana fermions over large distances and long times even at finite temperatures, suitable for stable redundancy encoding of quantum information. Our approach can be generalized to a variety of configurations and other systems, such as quantum wire arrays.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Ein Flintdolch aus Scharnhorst, Kr. Verden (Aller)
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Ein Grabhügel der Einzelgrabkultur bei Heber, Kr. Soltau
Creators: name: Voss, K. L.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Observational effects from quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of quantum cosmologies as testable models of the early universe is assessed in the context of inflation. While traditional Wheeler-DeWitt quantization is unable to produce sizable effects in the cosmic microwave background, the more recent loop quantum cosmology can generate potentially detectable departures from the standard cosmic spectrum. Thus, present observations constrain the parameter space of the model, which could be made falsifiable by near-future experiments.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures. Invited review article also containing original material. v2: new section on holonomy corrections, introduction extended, references added, typos corrected; v3: includes corrections of eqs. (3), (62) and (64c) of the erratum
Holmqvist, W.: Excavations at Helgö I. Report für 1954—1956
Creators: name: Raddatz, Klaus
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Holmqvist, W.: Excavations at Helgö I. Report für 1954—1956. Editor Wilhelm Holmqvist in collaboration with Birgit Arrhenius. Per Lundström. Kungl. Vitter- hets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien Stockholm (1961)
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Is a co-rotating Dark Disk a threat to Dark Matter Directional Detection ?
Creators: name: Billard, J.
name: Riffard, Q.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Santos, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent N-Body simulations are in favor of the presence of a co-rotating Dark Disk that might contribute significantly (10%-50%) to the local Dark Matter density. Such substructure could have dramatic effect on directional detection. Indeed, in the case of a null lag velocity, one expects an isotropic WIMP velocity distribution arising from the Dark Disk contribution, which might weaken the strong angular signature expected in directional detection. For a wide range of Dark Disk parameters, we evaluate in this Letter the effect of such dark component on the discovery potential of upcoming directional detectors. As a conclusion of our study, using only the angular distribution of nuclear recoils, we show that Dark Disk models as suggested by recent N-Body simulations will not affect significantly the Dark Matter reach of directional detection, even in extreme configurations.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
The Effect of Fluctuations on the Helium-Ionizing Background
Creators: name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpretation of He II Lyα absorption spectra after the epoch of He II reionization requires knowledge of the He II ionizing background. While past work has modelled the evolution of the average background, the standard cosmological radiative transfer technique assumes a uniform radiation field despite the discrete nature of the (rare) bright quasars that dominate the background. We implement a cosmological radiative transfer model that includes the most recent constraints on the ionizing spectra and luminosity function of quasars and the distribution of IGM absorbers. We also estimate, for the first time, the effects of fluctuations on the evolving continuum opacity in two ways: by incorporating the complete distribution of ionizing background amplitudes into the standard approach, and by explicitly treating the quasars as discrete -- but isolated -- sources. Our model results in a He II ionization rate that evolves steeply with redshift, increasing by a factor ~2 from z=3.0 to z=2.5. This causes rapid evolution in the mean He II Lyα optical depth -- as recently observed -- without appealing to the reionization of He II. The observed behaviour could instead result from rapid evolution in the mean free path of ionizing photons as the helium in higher H I column density absorbers becomes fully ionized.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by MNRAS; significantly modified from previous version
Using controlled disorder to distinguish $s_\pm$ and $s_{++}$ gap structure in Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Kreisel, A.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Mishra, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the effect of disorder on the properties of a superconductor characterized by a sign-changing order parameter appropriate for Fe-based materials. Within a simple two band model, we calculate simultaneously $T_c$, the change in residual resistivity $Δρ_0$, and the zero-energy density of states, and show how these results change for various types of gap structures and assumptions regarding the impurity scattering. The rate of $T_c$ suppression is shown to vary dramatically according to details of the impurity model considered. We search therefore for a practical, experimentally oriented signature of a gap of the $s_\pm$ type, and propose that observation of particular evolution of the penetration depth, nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation rate, or thermal conductivity temperature dependence with disorder would suffice.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Faustkeilfund in der Gemarkung Hörpel, Kr. Soltau
Creators: name: Killmann, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 32 (1963): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Jesuit Missionary Societies as the “Itinerant” Academies of Catholic Orientalism in Sixteenth- to Eighteenth-Century India
Creators: name: Raina, Dhruv
Publisher: name: The Journal of Transcultural Studies
Year: 2019

description: The last three decades have seen a resurgence of scholarship on the Jesuit sciences, with the intention of indexing their contribution to either the rise of modern science or its expansion. This preoccupation is consistent with the current focus on the production of knowledge and its context. Attention has been devoted, for example, to the Mathematical Academy of the Collegio Romano. In this paper I turn away from the academies in Europe to Jesuit scholarly production of the sciences of and in South Asia. This neglected field of inquiry is approached through the study of `itinerant’ Jesuit networks of the seventeenth and eighteenth century, that could be reconceptualised as an itinerant academy in the style of the seventeenth-century learned societies and academies. The informal members of this so constituted itinerant academy were involved in the cultural production of knowledge about South Asia that had no small role in stimulating what Raymond Schwab termed la renaissance orientale – prefiguring the rise of ‘Orientalism.’ These discourses evolve later into ‘indianisme’ or Indology, while strains within them rhizomatically connect up with the field sciences. The paper explores this diverse and rich field of scholarly production within a fixed geography but non-localisable institutional space that for convenience is labelled the itinerant academy, and is a variant of the family of academies that emerged in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
description: The Journal of Transcultural Studies, Vol 10 No 1 (2019)
Weyl meson and its implications in collider physics and cosmology
Creators: name: Kashyap, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local scale invariant theory leads to the existence of a new particle called the Weyl vector meson. We study a generalized Standard Model, which displays local scale invariance. The model contains a real scalar field, besides the Higgs multiplet and coupling between the Higgs and Weyl meson. For certain range of coupling parameters, the Weyl-Higgs coupling leads to interesting phenomenon in particle colliders as well as in cosmology. Here we study the signature of the Weyl meson in particle colliders and determine the range of coupling parameters for which it can solve the dark matter problem.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Dietrich Böschung, Antike Grabaltäre aus den Nekropolen Roms
Creators: name: Gabelmann, Hanns
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Dietrich Böschung, Antike Grabaltäre aus den Nekropolen Roms. Acta Bernensia 10. Stämpfli-Verlag, Bern 1987. 136 Seiten, 61 Tafeln, 5 Beilagen.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 189.1989: Bonner Jahrbücher
A new flavonoid from the thorn of Gleditsia sinensis Lam
Creators: name: Zeng, Mengnan
name: Qi, Man
name: Kan, Yuxuan
name: Zheng, Xiaoke
name: Feng, Weisheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: A new flavonoid, (2′′′E,6′′′S)-4′′-(6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylocta-2,7-dienoyl)-vitexin (1), and five known compounds (2–6) were isolated from the thorn of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Their structures were determined by comprehensive and comparative spectroscopic analysis of NMR and MS data. The absolute configuration of the new compound was deduced by analysis of the experimental and calculated 13C NMR data. The protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis in normal rat kidney tubule epithelioid (NRK 52e) cells of the isolated compounds were investigated in vitro, whose results showed that compound 1 showed significant protective effect with the EC50 value of 3.0 μM.
First measurement of the bulk flow of nearby galaxies using the cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Lavaux, Guilhem
name: Afshordi, Niayesh
name: Hudson, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Peculiar velocities in the nearby Universe can be measured via the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect. Using a statistical method based on an optimised cross-correlation with nearby galaxies, we extract the kSZ signal generated by plasma halo of galaxies from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies observed by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Marginalising over the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contribution from clusters of galaxies, possible unresolved point source contamination, and Galactic foregrounds (dust, synchrotron and free-free emission), we report a kSZ bulk flow signal present at the 90% confidence level in the seven-year WMAP data. When only galaxies within 50 Mpc/h are included in the kSZ template we find a bulk flow in the CMB frame of |V|=533 +/- 263 km/s, in the direction l=324 +/- 27, b=-7 +/- 17, consistent with bulk flow measurements on a similar scale using classical distance indicators. We show how this comparison constrains the (ionised) baryonic budget in the local universe. On very large (~ 500 Mpc/h) scales, we find a 95% upper limit of 470 km/s, inconsistent with some analyses of bulk flow of clusters from the kSZ. We estimate that the significance of the bulk flow signal may increase to 3-5 sigma using data from the PLANCK probe.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables, accepted by MNRAS. This is the refereed accepted version: new appendix with results on simulations, improved wording, results unchanged
Power spectra in the eikonal approximation with adiabatic and non-adiabatic modes
Creators: name: Bernardeau, Francis
name: Van de Rijt, Nicolas
name: Vernizzi, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the so-called eikonal approximation, recently introduced in the context of cosmological perturbation theory, to compute power spectra for multi-component fluids. We demonstrate that, at any given order in standard perturbation theory, multipoint power spectra do not depend on the large-scale adiabatic modes. Moreover, we employ perturbation theories to decipher how nonadiabatic modes, such as a relative velocity between two different components, damp the small-scale matter power spectrum, a mechanism recently described in the literature. In particular, we do an explicit calculation at 1-loop order of this effect. While the 1-loop result eventually breaks down, we show how the damping effect can be fully captured by the help of the eikonal approximation. A relative velocity not only induces mode damping but also creates large-scale anisotropic modulations of the matter power spectrum amplitude. We illustrate this for the Local Group environment.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, matches the published PRD version