cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Provisioning quality-of-services in cognitive radio networks
Creators: name: Hasan, Md Rashidul
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: To meet the growing demand for bandwidth and to improve the utilisation of frequency spectrum, cognitive radio (CR) evolves as the key enabling technology, which allows CR users (or unlicensed users) to access licensed spectrum opportunistically. Accessing the spectrum in an opportunistic way introduces many research challenges, including exploiting the behaviour of spectrum holes, sharing spectrum holes by multiple access techniques, minimising interference and enforcing a semi-formal agreement between CR users and licensed users. Additionally, supporting delay-sensitive real-time services through CR networks, so that unlicensed users are allowed to experience full-scale networking services by opportunistically sharing spectrum from a number of existing networks without impacting on the licensed users, remains a challenging task. To address these challenges, CR users require an efficient and effective medium access control (MAC) framework, which will not only ensure quality-of-services (QoS) in the presence of resource uncertainty but also guarantee an agreed level of interference with licensed signals. This thesis aims at provisioning QoS in CR networks by proposing a new MAC framework that introduces a novel interference minimisation technique by exploiting the usage characteristics of licensed signals. To accommodate the surging demand for bandwidth, we have investigated whether the general purpose CR ad hoc networks are capable of fulfilling QoS through opportunistic spectrum sharing. By empowering CR users with multiple channel aggregation techniques, we have drawn a useful limit between the hardware capability and the channel availability for certain QoS requirements. To meet the requirements of an agreed interference level, we have proposed an optimal transmission holding time by CR users for each licensed channel by capturing the dynamic behaviour of licensed users. The proposed MAC accommodates multiple CR users in a multichannel scenario and ensures fair load balancing across the channels. The applicability of the proposed MAC is ascertained by thorough analysis of the network related QoS parameters, i.e., throughput and delay. Our proposed MAC framework eventually ensures non-intrusive co-existence of CR and licensed users, which is the pre-condition for wide acceptability of CR technology.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PROGRAMME BUDGETING SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN.
Creators: name: Khushmuratov, Zoyir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Programme budgeting system is a system of budget execution planning, implementation and control that ensures the interdependence of the process of allocation of budgets of the budget system of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the results of the implementation of programs developed on the basis of strategic goals, taking into account the priorities of the policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the results of the use of budget funds.
Additional file 1: of Detection of inspiratory recruitment of atelectasis by automated lung sound analysis as compared to four-dimensional computed tomography in a porcine lung injury model
Creators: name: Boehme, Stefan
name: Toemboel, FrĂŠdĂŠric
name: Hartmann, Erik
name: Bentley, Alexander
name: Weinheimer, Oliver
name: Yang, Yang
name: Achenbach, Tobias
name: Hagmann, Michael
name: Kaniusas, Eugenijus
name: Baumgardner, James
name: Markstaller, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material and supporting information (containing the supplemental Figure S1â S9 and the supplemental Tables S1â S3). (PDF 8554 kb)
title: (Re)branding Tokyo: coexisting views of Tokyo in the Tokyo 2020 audiovisual advertising campaign
Creators: name: Heindrichs, Tracy Isabelle Lucia Maria
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nation branding, place branding, film, television, Japan, Japanese media, Japanese cinema, Olympic Games, film-induced tourism, westernisation, orientalism, occidentalism, Saïd, Tokyo Sonata.

description: This dissertation focuses on the image of Tokyo, Japan’s capital, within a Japanese and international context in the run-up to the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The aim of this work is to determine how and why Tokyo is simultaneously branded and rebranded in the audiovisual campaigns surrounding the event. After a historical contextualisation of Tokyo within Western and Japanese narratives, Tokyo’s past images are analysed. As Chapter One shows, Japan’s past depictions of Tokyo are negative, seen as Tokyo was associated with Westernisation and occupation. Chapter Two explores Tokyo’s reputation in Western cinema, which has resorted to Occidental patterns of Orientalising in order to turn Tokyo into a colonised, exploitable space. Finally, Chapter Three compares the findings of Chapter One and Two with the images of Tokyo found in Tokyo 2020 advertising campaigns. It shows how Tokyo is indeed unchanged for the West but rebranded for Japanese audiences. Through a discussion of the Tokyo 2020 advertisements as autoethnographic texts, it becomes apparent that there is more to the rebranding of Tokyo as it may seem.
title: A study of the magnetic anisotropy in a family of 3d trigonal bipyramidal complexes
Creators: name: Hay, Moya Anne
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Magnetism, coordination chemistry, magneto-structural correlations.

description: The use of DABCO (1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) and [MDABCO]+ (Methyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octanium cation) as monodentate ligands for the synthesis of mononuclear trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) 3d transition metal complexes has been explored. The aim is to investigate their magneto-structural correlations in order to better understand their applicability as single-molecule magnets, and to inform the design of future molecular magnetic materials. Magneto-structural correlations in a series of Mn(II) mononuclear complexes MnCl3(HDABCO)(DABCO)] (1), [MnBr3(HDABCO)(DABCO)] (2), [MnCl3(MDABCO)2]·[ClO4] (3), and [MnCl3(H2O)(MDABCO)] (4) have been investigated using SQUID magnetometry and ab initio calculations, with a strategy to increase the magnetic anisotropy in complexes of this type revealed through in silico studies. A series of Fe(II) complexes [FeCl3(MDABCO)2]·[ClO4] (5), [FeCl3(H2O)(MDABCO)] (6), and [FeCl3(HDABCO)2]·[Cl] (7) were examined through various magnetic studies, and in the case of 5 also ab initio calculations. Geometrical distortions were probed and related to the contribution from 1st order spin-orbit coupling to the magnetic anisotropy in these systems, and the manifestation of single-ion magnet behaviour. Five Co(II)-based complexes are discussed herein - [CoCl3(DABCO)(HDABCO)] (8), [Co(NO3)3(H2O)(HDABCO)] (9), [Co(NO3)3(H2O)(MDABCO)] (10), [ZnxCo1-x(NO3)3(H2O)(HDABCO)] (11), and [ZnxCo1-x(NO3)3(H2O)(MDABCO)] (12) where x ~ 0.9. For complex 8, extensive high-field high-frequency electron paramagnetic (EPR) and frequency domain magnetic resonance (FDMR) experiments, corroborated with ab initio calculations and dc magnetic studies, have been performed to confirm a large magnetic anisotropy. A detailed single crystal X-ray diffraction investigation on complex 9 exposed unusual coordination switching from a 5- to 7-coordinate complex, an effect that was turned off when increasing the size of the central ion or steric bulk of the axial ligand. Dynamic magnetic susceptibility studies on complexes 8 – 12 additionally revealed the observation of slow relaxation of magnetisation originating from easy-plane magnetic anisotropy. Three mononuclear Ni(II) complexes were synthesised and characterised as part of this thesis - [NiCl3(DABCO)(HDABCO)] (13), [NiCl3(H2O)(MDABCO)] (14), and [NiCl3(MDABCO)] (15). Enhanced magnetic anisotropy has been evidenced for complex 13 reaching a new record axial ZFS parameter D, as confirmed using cantilever torque magnetometry (CTM) and supported by ab initio calculations. Complexes 14 and 15 were found to exhibit interesting solvatochromic transition between the two isolated complexes, highlighting the potential for multi-functional properties of mononuclear 3d transition metal coordination complexes.
Frequencies of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-deficient cells using high-sensitivity flow cytometry as per the 2018 ICCS/ESCCA consensus guideline in patients with hematologic malignancy, aplastic anemia, or cytopenia
Creators: name: Kwoun, Woo-Jae
name: Lee, Hwan Tae
name: Ahn, Jeong-Yeal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We examined the frequencies and sizes of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-deficient cells as per the International Clinical Cytometry Society/European Society for Clinical Cell Analysis (ICCS/ESCCA) consensus guidelines for the high-sensitivity detection of GPI-deficient cells. In 2018, the ICCS/ESCCA guidelines for the high-sensitivity detection of GPI-deficient cells were published. We evaluated frequencies and sizes of GPI-deficient red blood cells (RBCs), neutrophils, and monocytes as determined using the ICCS/ESCCA guidelines and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines in patients with a hematologic malignancy, aplastic anemia, or cytopenia. A total of 106 (38.7%) patients exhibited GPI deficiency in at least one blood cell lineage. GPI-deficient cells of one or more lineages were found in 62.7% of patients with a hematologic malignancy, 51.1% of patients with aplastic anemia, and 23.4% of patients with cytopenia. GPI-deficient monocytes were most frequently detected in all three groups. By population size, GPI-deficient clones (>1%) in monocytes were mostly detected in patients with a hematologic malignancy or aplastic anemia. Rare cells with GPI deficiency (<0.1%) in monocytes were most common among patients with cytopenia. High-sensitive flow cytometry analysis including monocytes may be necessary for patients with a hematologic disorder.
Additional file 2: of Whole transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression profile reflecting macrophage polarization in response to influenza A H5N1 virus infection
Creators: name: Zhang, Na
name: Bao, Yun-Juan
name: Tong, Amy
name: Zuyderduyn, Scott
name: Bader, Gary
name: Malik Peiris, J.
name: Lok, Si
name: Lee, Suki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis of broad library-wise trends. No major trends were observed related to infection type or time post-infection. Figure S2. Elbow plot used to define appropriate number of clusters for k-means clustering. Figure S3. Expression of selected genes in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway analyzed by real-time PCR. Figure S4. The interaction network between inversely regulated miRNAs and mRNAs enriched in RIG-I like receptor signaling pathway at 6-h post-infection in H5N1 virus-infected cells. (DOCX 3058 kb)
An experimental investigation of wind turbine wake evolution and flow over complex terrain
Creators: name: Sherry, Michael John
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis investigates two flow fields that a wind turbine in a wind farm might experience. The first is the near-wake of a wind turbine where the focus was on the helical tip and root vortices. Two scale model wind turbines were investigated using PIV. A geometrically scaled rotor was observed to generate a chaotic wake due to poor aerodynamic performance at the experimental Reynolds number. Flow visualisations on a static 3D wing confirmed laminar separation is likely on the geometrically scaled model. A research orientated model was designed based on the optimum Glauert rotor to investigate the stability of the tip and root vortices. A pairing instability was observed in the tip vortices. The onset of this instability was found to be dependent on the tip speed ratio. The root vortices become unstable due to their proximity to the turbine support structures. The influence of freestream turbulence was studied by varying the turbulence intensity using passive turbulence grids including a novel tethered sphere grid. Increased turbulence intensity was observed to hasten the breakdown of the vortices, via turbulent diffusion rather than the pairing instability which was absent in the phase-locked average velocity fields. Tip and root vortices of both turbine models were characterised using Galilean invariant vortex identification schemes. The meander of the vortices was observed to be Gaussian at early vortex ages when interaction between vortices is minimal. Meander magnitude was shown to increase with distance absolutely. However, the magnitude of meander was found to be dependent on tip speed ratio and freestream turbulence intensity. A secondary focus was the flow fields above complex terrain features, a common location for wind farms. The recirculation region which formed downstream of various escarpment geometries was characterised using PIV. The size of the recirculation region was found to be dependent on the escarpment angle, the boundary layer to step height thickness ratio, the Reynolds number and the freestream turbulence intensity. An application of POD phase-averaging revealed the dynamic nature of the recirculation region. The wind speed-up above the escarpment beneficial in a wind energy sense was observed to be coupled to a vertical velocity component. Further, significant turbulence generation in the separated shear was observed which questions the appropriateness of complex terrain as a wind farm location.
cAMP response element (CRE)-dependent regulation of aromatase in obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer
Creators: name: Samarajeewa, Nirukshi Udayanga Gunasinghe
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The risk of breast cancer rises dramatically with advancing age, and recently obesity has also been recognised as a significant contributor. In postmenopausal women with breast cancer, the inappropriately elevated aromatase expression is governed by enhanced usage of the proximal promoters, PII and PI.3 which leads to an increased oestrogenic drive as a result of tumour-derived factors such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in breast adipose stromal cells (ASCs). This increased expression of aromatase PII is largely regulated by the transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE) binding protein-1 (CREB1) which binds to proximal and distal CREs on PII. Our group has demonstrated that the CREB co-activator CRTC2 can bind and activate aromatase PII via CREs and that its subcellular localisation is regulated by PGE2. There are three known members of the CRTC family (CRTC1-3) and the regulation of aromatase expression by other CRTC members is poorly understood. HIF-1α is a master regulator of adaptive responses to hypoxia and found to be regulated by PGE2 independent of hypoxia. We have identified a putative hypoxia response element (HRE) which overlaps with the proximal CRE of aromatase PII. However, the regulation of aromatase expression by HIF-1α in breast cancer had not yet been characterised. Our group has previously demonstrated that the commonly used antidiabetic drug metformin inhibits aromatase expression in ASCs via the inhibition of PII activity. This study therefore aimed to characterise the role of CRTCs and HIF-1α in the activation of aromatase PII, and to examine the effect of metformin on promoter-specific transcript expression in breast ASCs. The results indicated that PGE2 causes nuclear translocation of all three CRTCs and HIF-1α. Reporter assays demonstrated that basal PII activity is significantly increased with all CRTCs. FSK/PMA, to mimic PGE2, results in a further significant increase in PII activity with all CRTCs. HIF-1α significantly increases PII activity in the presence of PGE2. Interestingly, CRTCs via both proximal and distal CREs, or HIF-1α via the proximal CRE, act co-operatively with CREB1 to maximise PII activity. There is a significant increase in HIF-1α positive ASCs in breast cancer patients compared to cancer-free women, and a positive association between HIF-1α and aromatase expression. Metformin results in a dose-dependent inhibition of FSK/PMA-induced aromatase PII and PI.3 transcript expression and does not affect PI.4. In conclusion, this study identifies CRTCs and HIF-1α as modulators of aromatase PII, and metformin as a breast-specific inhibitor of aromatase in breast ASCs, thereby furthering our understanding of the complex nature of aromatase regulation in obesity-related, postmenopausal breast cancer.
Light-activation of DNA-methyltransferases
Creators: name: Wolffgramm, Jan
name: Buchmuller, Benjamin
name: Palei, Shubhendu
name: Muñoz-López, Álvaro
name: Kanne, Julian
name: Janning, Petra
name: Schweiger, Michal R.
name: Summerer, Daniel
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: DNA methyltransferases
subject: Epigenetics
subject: Genetic code expansion
subject: Optochemical biology
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: 5-Methylcytosine (5mC), the central epigenetic mark of mammalian DNA, plays fundamental roles in chromatin regulation. 5mC is written onto genomes by DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), and perturbation of this process is an early event in carcinogenesis. However, studying 5mC functions is limited by the inability to control individual DNMTs with spatiotemporal resolution in vivo. We report light-control of DNMT catalysis by genetically encoding a photocaged cysteine as a catalytic residue. This enables translation of inactive DNMTs, their rapid activation by light-decaging, and subsequent monitoring of de novo DNA methylation. We provide insights into how cancer-related DNMT mutations alter de novo methylation in vivo, and demonstrate local and tuneable cytosine methylation by light-controlled DNMTs fused to a programmable transcription activator-like effector domain targeting pericentromeric satellite-3 DNA. We further study early events of transcriptome alterations upon DNMT-catalyzed cytosine methylation. Our study sets a basis to dissect the order and kinetics of diverse chromatin-associated events triggered by normal and aberrant DNA methylation.
description: Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.;60(24)
Economic evaluation of adalimumab versus etanercept for psoriatic arthritis in a Brazilian real-world model
Creators: name: da Silva, Michael Ruberson Ribeiro
name: Dos Santos, Jéssica Barreto Ribeiro
name: Almeida, Alessandra Maciel
name: Alvares-Teodoro, Juliana
name: De Assis Acurcio, Francisco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: TNF inhibitors are costly drugs supplied generally on health systems or private insurances. Performance analysis is essential to verify the results achieved by health technologies in these systems. The objective of the study was to compare the two most used biological drugs for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Brazil. Methods: A cost-utility analysis was built using a Markov model, with a five-year time horizon, a discount rate of 5%, and from the perspective of the Unified Health System. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Etanercept was the most cost-effective drug. Adalimumab became the most cost-effective drug in one of the four analysis scenarios with a willingness to pay from one gross domestic product per capita. The deterministic sensitivity analysis identified that the cost parameters had the greatest impact on the most effective drug. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated that etanercept is the drug most likely to be cost-effective. Conclusion: The difference between the drugs in terms of utility was minimal and the costs were the main factor that impacted the cost-utility ratio, which points to the benefits of price renegotiation for the efficient allocation of resources in the health system.
Resource utilization, work productivity and costs in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a cost-of-illness study
Creators: name: Gáspár, Krisztián
name: Gergely, L. Hunor
name: Jenei, Balázs
name: Wikonkál, Norbert
name: Kinyó, Ágnes
name: Szegedi, Andrea
name: Remenyik, éva
name: Kiss, Norbert
name: Jin, Xiang
name: Sárdy, Miklós
name: Beretzky, Zsuzsanna
name: Péntek, Márta
name: Gulácsi, László
name: Bánvölgyi, András
name: Brodszky, Valentin
name: Rencz, Fanni
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a, chronic skin disease affecting up to 1% of the population in Europe. This study aims to assess the cost-of-illness of HS from a societal perspective in Hungary and to analyze the predictors of costs. A multicentre, cross-sectional cost-of-illness study was performed among 200 adult HS patients. We evaluated direct medical (physician consultations, inpatient admissions, medical, and surgeries), direct non-medical (transportation and caregiving), and indirect costs (productivity loss). The mean annual cost-of-illness of HS was €6,791 per patient. The main cost components were productivity loss (53.3%), biological treatment (21.5%), and informal care (9.2%). Patients missed, on average, 26 and 63 days from work annually due to absenteeism and presenteeism, respectively. Male sex, more severe disease, gluteal involvement, and coexisting inflammatory bowel disease were associated with higher direct medical costs, while lower education level and worse quality-of-life outcomes predicted higher indirect costs. This is the first study to assess both direct and indirect costs in HS patients. HS imposes a substantial burden on patients and society, predominantly arising from productivity loss and biological therapy. Resource utilization data and cost-of-illness estimates provide valuable inputs into cost-effectiveness analyses of health interventions in HS.
Early economic evaluation of an intervention to improve uptake of the NHS England Diabetes Prevention Programme
Creators: name: Frempong, Samuel N
name: Shinkins, Bethany
name: Howdon, Daniel
name: Messenger, Michael
name: Neal, Richard D
name: Sagoo, Gurdeep S
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite reported increases in referral numbers, a large proportion of those with prediabetes still decline participation in the NHS England Diabetes Prevention Programme (NDPP). The aim of this study was to explore whether investment in interventions to improve uptake of the programme has the potential to be cost-effective. An early cost-utility analysis was conducted using a Markov model parameterized based on secondary data sources. We explored different uptake scenarios and the impact that this had on the maximum allowable intervention price based on cost-effectiveness at the UK NICE willingness to pay threshold of £20,000 (US$ 25,913). Value of information analyses were conducted to explore the potential value of further research to resolve uncertainty at each uptake level. As uptake levels increase, the maximum allowable intervention price and overall expected value of removing decision uncertainty increases. For 5 percentage and 50 percentage points increase in uptake levels, the maximum allowable intervention price is £41.86 (US$ 54.23) and £418.59 (US$ 542.34) per person, and the overall expected value of removing decision uncertainty are £361,818,839 (US$ 468,786,625) and £1,468,712,316 (US$ 1,902,921,063) respectively. There is headroom for investment in interventions that improve uptake to the NDPP, thereby allowing the programme itself to be delivered in a manner that remains cost-effective.
Moments of the everyday: opening to the possibility of making
Creators: name: Stewart, Jeffrey Alexander
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis begins with the violent and revolutionary shock of Walter Benjamin’s messianic moment, which is discussed as kairos, or ‘now time,’ through the work of Isaac Luria Ashkenazi, Franz Rosenzweig and Paul Tillich, after which the caress is turned to, helping reveal the wonder of the everyday. Concentrating on the dinner table and the home these revealed now tender moments are presented as narrative sketches, performances and discussions with performers that begin to show the place and possibility of making a work of art. The gradual saying of these moments, which become also a letting be, calls for attention revealing the importance of thankfulness, of leaving and returning home, and of silence as a place from which begin to think making. Benjamin’s ‘now time’ is said, and in the saying a slight, yet radical shift has occurred, each moment introducing gentleness to discourse and the possibility of making.
Predictors of 30-day readmission and hospitalization costs of patients with hepatic encephalopathy in the US from 2010 to 2014
Creators: name: Chen, Ziyan
name: Babcock, Aram
name: Sanogo, Vassiki
name: Nelson, David R.
name: Xiao, Hong
name: Diaby, Vakaramoko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex and reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome that is associated with growing, substantial healthcare resource utilization. We aim to examine the predictors of 30-day readmission and hospitalization cost associated with HE. We conducted a cross-sectional study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2010 to 2014. We assessed the readmission rates using multivariate logistic regression and established temporal trends of readmission rates and hospitalization cost. Weighted hierarchical logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models were used to identify predictors for nationally representative readmissions and hospitalization costs, respectively. The number of index hospitalizations with HE increased with a significant trend from 34,967 in 2010 to 44,791 in 2014. 16.8% of patients were readmitted within 30 days. Predictors increasing readmission risk included female sex, Elixhauser readmission score < 25, elective admission, patient’s state residential status, privately insured, number of diagnoses >13, and length of stay >4 days. Our results indicate there is a need to implement better management strategies to improve outcomes in patients hospitalized with HE to curb the increase in the economic burden associated with the disease.
title: Detecting protest repression incidents from tweets
Creators: name: Elsafoury, Fatma
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Protests, Violence, Protest repression, Twitter, Machine learning, Text classification, Support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Crowdsourcing, Figure-Eight.

description: Protests are considered a threat to governments and political elites, that is why protesters are likely to be faced with repression. For social scientists to study protest repression, they need protest repression datasets. Currently, social scientists depend on news reports to build protest datasets and political conflict datasets. Although news reports provide a source of information that gives access to historical and international events, they have limitations like the coverage of small protest events and the delay in reporting incidents. This research explores the use of social media posts, especially Twitter, to build protest repression dataset and to overcome the limitations of using new reports. We use supervised machine learning models with a dataset of tweets that were sent during the Turkish Gezi Park protest in 2013 to detect tweets that report protest repression events. To accomplish this, we run a crowdsourcing experiment to build a training dataset of tweets and their corresponding labels as protest-related or not and violent or not. Then, we use this dataset to train two baseline machine learning models: Support Vector Machine(SVM) and Multinomial Naive Bayes(MNB) with different text representation models: Bag of Words(BOW), TF-IDF and word Embedding(WE). The empirical results of the experiments show that Crowdsourcing with the right settings and quality measures provides a fast and cheap way to hand label datasets to train machine learning models. The results also show that baseline machine learning models perform well in tweets classification tasks in terms of good AUC scores (high true positive rate and low false-positive rate).
MOESM1 of Biodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209) by a newly isolated bacterium from an e-waste recycling area
Creators: name: Wu, Zhineng
name: Xie, Miaomiao
name: Li, Yao
name: Gao, Guanghai
name: Bartlam, Mark
name: Wang, Yingying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
title: On Streets. Streets as an Element of Urban Fabric
Creators: name: Psenner, Angelika
name: Tobisch, Susanne
Publisher: name: Conference Proceedings XXIX International Seminar on Urban Form ISUF 2022 Urban Redevelopment and Revitalisation A Multidisciplinary Perspective/Lodz University of Technology Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: Streets, Public Space, Space Justice, Urban form, Urban morphology.

description: Scientists and practitioners alike use the term public space when referring to squares, plazas, markets or parks; less often it is used in connection with streets, although streets and roads occupy the biggest share of un-built urban space. It is not only the sheer amount that makes streets the most important sphere for an urban society, but streets also represent a continuous and all-accessible spatial construct, a network that spans the entire city.
Our paper provides an in-depth review of selected historical literature that focuses on streets as public space in densely built-up areas; with the aim of developing an understanding of the on-time academic discussion around the requirements and nature of these streets. This should help us to recognise the genesis of our existing urban structures and in particular of the secondary streets.
In the second part, following the previously elaborated findings, we strive to identify existing and potential qualities of those street spaces; whereby it is important for us to leave the usual intra-disciplinary connotations and to read street as an inherent part of the systemic urban parterre. By examining cross-cutting issues that are mostly underrepresented in discipline-specific discourse, the ultimate goal is to achieve a better understanding of one of the most fundamental determinants of a city's quality of life: the actual spatial and functional quality of secondary streets.
Economic evaluation of adalimumab versus etanercept for psoriatic arthritis in a Brazilian real-world model
Creators: name: da Silva, Michael Ruberson Ribeiro
name: Santos, Jéssica Barreto Ribeiro Dos
name: Almeida, Alessandra Maciel
name: Alvares-Teodoro, Juliana
name: De Assis Acurcio, Francisco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: TNF inhibitors are costly drugs supplied generally on health systems or private insurances. Performance analysis is essential to verify the results achieved by health technologies in these systems. The objective of the study was to compare the two most used biological drugs for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Brazil. Methods: A cost-utility analysis was built using a Markov model, with a five-year time horizon, a discount rate of 5%, and from the perspective of the Unified Health System. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Etanercept was the most cost-effective drug. Adalimumab became the most cost-effective drug in one of the four analysis scenarios with a willingness to pay from one gross domestic product per capita. The deterministic sensitivity analysis identified that the cost parameters had the greatest impact on the most effective drug. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated that etanercept is the drug most likely to be cost-effective. Conclusion: The difference between the drugs in terms of utility was minimal and the costs were the main factor that impacted the cost-utility ratio, which points to the benefits of price renegotiation for the efficient allocation of resources in the health system.
title: Next generation superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
Creators: name: Erotokritou, Kleanthis
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019

description: Single photon detection advanced rapidly in the last decade. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is an emerging technology, which offers low dark count rates, broadband sensitivity from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths and very high quantum efficiency. All these features are appealing for future emerging applications in remote gas sensing, quantum key distribution and quantum information processing. By enclosing the detector in an optical cavity, tuned to the operating wavelength, the total system detection of the SNSPD is improved. Based on the cavity design, the detector absorption is boosted at the desired experimental wavelength. Devices have been fabricated and tested, in this thesis, with enhanced detection efficiency at near-infrared, infrared and mid-infrared wavelengths. NbTiN detectors fabricated on Ta2O5 / SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) for front-side coupling exhibit a system detection efficiency of ≈ 90% at λ = 940 nm for the best device measured. SNSPDs were also fabricated in NbTiN on metallic mirrors for back-side coupling for 1550 and 2333 nm experimental wavelengths. The first design exhibited a system detection efficiency of ≈ 84.5%, at λ = 1550 nm for the best device measured. The second exhibited low system detection efficiency since the device suffered from unexpectedly high dark count rate mainly due to blackbody radiation at 2.2 K. However, it was possible to measure the timing jitter of this device at 350 mK indicating a FWHM of 84 ps. Another technique to improve the total system detection efficiency of the SNSPD, is by fabricating a hairpin-shaped nanowire atop a single mode waveguide. In this design, photons travel through the waveguide and via evanescent coupling are absorbed in the nanowire. These SNSPD devices have been designed to thread along single mode Si ridge waveguides using a hairpin-shaped nanowire structure, which offers enhanced coupling and absorption efficiency via evanescent coupling. These ultra-thin superconducting MoSi detectors are precisely patterned on top of a single mode Si waveguide (600 nm) with alignment error less than 40 nm. Low temperature electrical and nano-optical characterization was carried out using a two-stage pulse tube (PT) coldhead, using an additional 4He / 3He sorption pump, low vibration characterization of SNSPD devices at 350 mK was carried out. Characterised devices exhibit low dark count rate <5 counts per second and timing jitter of ≈ 83 ps full width half maximum (FWHM) at wavelength (λ) = 1550 nm and at critical current ≈ 30 µA.
Resource utilization, work productivity and costs in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a cost-of-illness study
Creators: name: Gáspár, Krisztián
name: Gergely, L. Hunor
name: Jenei, Balázs
name: Wikonkál, Norbert
name: Kinyó, Ágnes
name: Szegedi, Andrea
name: Remenyik, Éva
name: Kiss, Norbert
name: Jin, Xiang
name: Sárdy, Miklós
name: Beretzky, Zsuzsanna
name: Péntek, Márta
name: Gulácsi, László
name: Bánvölgyi, András
name: Brodszky, Valentin
name: Rencz, Fanni
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a, chronic skin disease affecting up to 1% of the population in Europe. This study aims to assess the cost-of-illness of HS from a societal perspective in Hungary and to analyze the predictors of costs. Methods: A multicentre, cross-sectional cost-of-illness study was performed among 200 adult HS patients. We evaluated direct medical (physician consultations, inpatient admissions, medical, and surgeries), direct non-medical (transportation and caregiving), and indirect costs (productivity loss). Results: The mean annual cost-of-illness of HS was €6,791 per patient. The main cost components were productivity loss (53.3%), biological treatment (21.5%), and informal care (9.2%). Patients missed, on average, 26 and 63 days from work annually due to absenteeism and presenteeism, respectively. Male sex, more severe disease, gluteal involvement, and coexisting inflammatory bowel disease were associated with higher direct medical costs, while lower education level and worse quality-of-life outcomes predicted higher indirect costs. Conclusion: This is the first study to assess both direct and indirect costs in HS patients. HS imposes a substantial burden on patients and society, predominantly arising from productivity loss and biological therapy. Resource utilization data and cost-of-illness estimates provide valuable inputs into cost-effectiveness analyses of health interventions in HS.
title: A study of visual hallucination in classical and Hellenistic antiquity
Creators: name: Erdman, Marisol Elisabeth
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hallucination, vision, perception, misperception, Greek medicine, Greek philosophy, Greek tragedy, madness, mental illness in antiquity, phantasia, phantasmata.

description: This dissertation examines accounts of visual hallucination from the Classical and Hellenistic periods from a variety of perspectives to consider the relationship between visual misperceptions and madness. To achieve this I adopt a thematic approach, drawing upon a range of primary textual sources – medical, philosophical and tragic – which describe or discuss the topic. As we will see, the various theories put forth by the writers on hallucination also offer insight into ideas on the workings of the mind and body in these periods, which in turn inform the writers’ understanding of why those experiencing madness may see things that others around them do not.
title: Contribution of long non-coding RNA to the glucocorticoid response in myeloid cells
Creators: name: Mackie, Heather
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Glucocorticoid, non-coding RNA, monocytes, macrophages, myeloid cells, inflammation.

description: There is emerging evidence supporting a role for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating many fundamental biological processes, from haematopoiesis to homeostasis. LncRNA are also known to be involved in the immune response in both health and disease pathogenesis. However, whether anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids (GCs), interfere in such processes is less clear. As myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages, are key contributors to the propagation and resolution of the immune response, and important GC targets, this thesis aims to address whether GCs mediate part of their downstream effects via lncRNA in these cells. Upon GC treatment, thousands of ncRNA transcripts were found to be significantly upregulated in THP1 cells. Using a combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches, this thesis has shown that one novel lncRNA (RP11-184M15.1) is robustly and reliably upregulated by GC treatment in vitro. Furthermore, lncRNA RP11-184M15.1 is robustly upregulated by GCs in primary CD14+ monocytes from healthy individuals and monocytes from patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). This GC-dependent increase in lncRNA RP11-184M15.1 expression was prolonged upon co-stimulation with the pro-inflammatory factors TNF and LPS. Interestingly, this lncRNA was also found to be differentially expressed in monocyte-derived macrophages generated using M-CSF and GM-CSF, with approximately ten-fold greater expression in M-CSF derived macrophages. M-CSF derived macrophages are thought to have an anti-inflammatory phenotype, whereas GM-CSF derived macrophages are pro-inflammatory, supporting a potential role for this lncRNA in the resolution of inflammation. Molecular and cellular characterisation also demonstrated that the subcellular localisation of this lncRNA is altered upon GC treatment. In untreated cells, it is most abundantly associated with chromatin, whereas upon GC treatment it is more abundant in the cytoplasmic fraction. This points to potential involvement in regulatory mechanisms occurring at a post-transcriptional level. Preliminary studies into potential functions of RP11-184M15.1 were carried out in this thesis, however the results were inconclusive. In summation, this work has identified a novel lncRNA that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory process governed by GCs in myeloid cells, however further studies are required to fully define the role of RP11-184M15.1 in the GC response both after in vitro GC treatment, and after in vivo GC administration.
title: Family-based treatment for young people’s eating disorders: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of parental perspectives. And clinical research portfolio
Creators: name: Hanson, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Family-based therapy, FBT, interpretative phenomenological analysis, IPA, parental perspective.

description: Objective: Family Based Treatment (FBT) is an effective, evidence-based treatment for adolescent anorexia and bulimia nervosa. However, it relies heavily on parents taking a very active intervention role. Few studies have explored the psychosocial impact FBT has on parents, the challenges they face, and their support needs. Aims: 1. To gain a rich understanding into the lived experience of parents engaging in FBT for adolescent anorexia or bulimia nervosa. 2. To explore the psychosocial impact on parents and to identify their support needs. 3. To tentatively inform clinical practice on how support for parents could be improved. Methods: This was a qualitative, interview study. Participants were approached by clinicians known to them and took part in a predominantly one-to-one, semi-structured interviews. Interviews transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Four superordinate themes were identified: Parenting Challenges, Impact on Family Life, Coping and Support. Findings suggest that views on empowerment varied significantly and that FBTs agnostic stance exacerbates parental guilt and anxiety. The financial cost of re-feeding was strongly felt by parents and psychoeducation resources could be tailored to individual families’ needs. Conclusion: Participants’ accounts were dominated by experiences of needing reassurance and practical advice from clinicians to empower them in taking control of their child’s eating. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
MOESM1 of Improvement of l-ornithine production by attenuation of argF in engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114
Creators: name: Zhang, Bin
name: Yu, Miao
name: Zhou, Ying
name: Ye, Bang-Ce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Primers used in this study.
title: Millennial Indian Monsoon variability and forcing during the Holocene as revealed by the Qinghai Lake, Yunnan Province Record
Creators: name: Harrison, Cairns
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019

description: The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) is an incredibly influential climate system, with many developing nations and over 1 billion people reliant upon favourable monsoon conditions. A suite of organic paleoclimate proxy biomarkers was extracted from sediment core samples retrieved from Qinghai Lake, Yunnan Province, southwest China in order to reconstruct various climate parameters at high-resolution in the region throughout the Holocene. The main aim of the project is to investigate changes caused by the ISM. The upper 145cm of the core were analysed covering an age range of 8877 cal yr BP (calibrated years before present) to -16 cal yr BP (cal yr BP denotes calibrated years before present hereafter). The results indicate several distinct climatic regimes, often separated by abrupt changes in climate. From 8877 cal yr BP to 6895 cal yr BP multiple proxies imply a prolonged period of warm, wet climate and thus an intense ISM system during this period which likely represents the Holocene Climatic Optimum (HCO). Between 6895 cal yr BP and 3240 cal yr BP the climate becomes much more chaotic with several distinct drops and spikes in temperature and changes in precipitation illustrated by the average chain length (ACL) and short to long-chain acid ratio. Overall, during this period the climate was more arid with a weaker monsoon in the Yunnan province than during the HCO, but there was a high degree of variation in monsoon intensity indicated by almost all proxies with rapid changes in precipitation. ACL values sharply spiked to high values similar to the HCO period from 3540 cal yr BP to 3240 cal yr BP. Following on from 3240 cal yr BP to 1130 cal yr BP, a high value ACL plateau along with PWax/PAq, and acid ratio data indicates a warm, wet period and the return of strong monsoon intensity during the Roman Warm Period (RWP). A brief cool, dry period with a weaker monsoon followed by a rapid rise in temperature and monsoon intensity between 1133 cal yr BP-755 cal yr BP likely represents the Medieval Warm Period (MWP). Over the final 755 cal yr BP to -16 cal yr BP period of this record the ACL, carbon preference index (CPI), acid ratio and PWax/PAq record suggests progressively cooler and increasingly intense monsoon conditions during the Little Ice Age (LIA) towards the present in the Qinghai Lake region.