cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disparity to parity to solidarity : balancing the scales of international agricultural policy for justice and viability
Creators: name: Graddy-Lovelace, T. Garrett
name: Naylor, Patti
Publisher: name: Palgrave Macmillan (Firm)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Resetting international agricultural governance requires a collective commitment to changing the economic rules of production. This article reports on the challenging questions raised by the Disparity to Parity project, led by a group of farmer-activists, farmer organizations, and scholar-activists in the US. How can parity policies be updated, expanded, redesigned with and for Black, Indigenous, immigrant, cooperative, female and gender diverse farmers and would-be farmers? How does the parity movement join in global solidarity to reset the international agricultural economic and trade rules to reverse the globalization of agriculture that dumps surplus and undermines food sovereignty?
title: Flavivirus encephalitis presenting with cortical, thalami and posterior fossa lesions
Creators: name: Guedes Chaves, Cinthia
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old male patient, presenting with ataxia, upper right limb spasms, and disorientation. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis indicated pleocytosis and increased protein levels. 

description: 35 years, male
Inter-ICU Transfer of Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure-A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Ludwig, Amy
name: Nadig, Nandita R
name: Slota, Jennifer Maling
name: Johnson, Julie
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: transfer patients
subject: intensive care units
subject: Patient Transfer
subject: Intensive Care Units
subject: Respiratory Insufficiency
subject: United States

description: Rationale:Inter-ICU transfer of critically ill Acute Respiratory Failure Patients (ARF) are increasingly common in the current landscape of critical care delivery, especially highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. A major driver for inter-ICU transfer of ARF patients is the increasing evidence base that suggests that mortality and morbidity are reduced by receiving care at high-resource hospitals. However, no uniform guidance exists to help clinicians decide who, why, when, or where ICU patients with ARF should be transferred. Unfortunately, due to the lack of current guidance, each interface has opportunities for both implicit and explicit bias to influence decision-making and care. We conduct this scoping review to ask these questions that have been un answered in a comprehensive review the what, who, why, when and where of ARF patient transfers between intensive care units.
MARKET AND LOCATIONAL EQUILIBRIUM FOR TWO COMPETITORS
Creators: name: Labbe, Martine
name: Hakimi, S. Louis
name: Labbe, Martine
name: Hakimi, S. Louis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the following two stage location and allocation game involving two competing firms. The firms first select the location of their facility on a network. Then the firms optimally select the quantities each wishes to supply to the markets which are located at the vertices of the network. The criterion for optimality for each firm is maximizing its profit, which is the total revenue minus the production and transportation costs. Under reasonable assumptions regarding the revenue, the production cost and the transportation cost functions, we show that there is a Nash equilibrium for the quantities offered at the markets by each firm. Furthermore, if the quantities supplied (at the equilibrium) by each firm at each market are positive, then there is also a Nash locational equilibrium, i.e. no firm finds it advantageous to change its location.
Cultural variance in reception and interpretation of social media COVID-19 disinformation in French-speaking regions
Creators: name: Hughes, Brian
name: White, Kesa
name: West, Jennifer
name: Criezis, Meili
name: Zhou, Cindy
name: Bartholomew, Sarah
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Digital communication technology has created a world in which media are capable of crossing national boundaries as never before. As a result, language is increasingly the salient category determining individuals’ media consumption. Today, a single social media post can travel around the world, reaching anyone who speaks its language. This poses significant challenges to combatting the spread of disinformation, as an ever-growing pool of disinformation purveyors reach audiences larger than ever before. This dynamic is complicated, however, by the diversity of audience interpretations of message content within a particular language group. Both across and within national boundaries, a single message may be subject to a variety of interpretations depending on the cultural experiences and identities of its recipients. This study explores that dynamic through analysis of French language anti-vaccine and COVID-denialist disinformation. Using qualitative coding methodology, a team of researchers empirically identify common and far-reaching patterns of Francophone COVID disinformation narratives and rhetoric. These narratives and rhetorics are then subjected to hermeneutic close reading to determine likely variations in their reception across different French-speaking cultures. Data were gathered and analyzed between the dates of 24 March 2021 and 27 April 2021. Results of this study indicate the need for awareness on the part of public health officials combatting COVID disinformation online, for both the transnational reach of disinformation targeting speakers of a single language and for variations in meaning and salience across cultures within that language group.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTHER'S EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY ON THE FORMATION OF THYMUS OF THE PROCESSING IN THE EARLY POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Creators: name: Azimova, S.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: early postnatal ontogenesis
hepatitis
thymus development
rat pups.

description: The influence of extragenital pathology of the mother, on the example of chronic toxic hepatitis (CTG), on the development of the thymus of rat pups during the period of early postnatal ontogenesis was researched. It was found that against the background of mother's CTG, there is a decrease in the weight of rat pups 1-7 days and a lag in growth by 7-21 days after birth and development of rat pups after birth, a decrease in both the absolute and relative mass of the thymus up to 21 days after birth. Morphologically, there is a violation of the formation of the thymus, manifested in the lag in the development of the structural and functional zones of the thymus, due to an increase in the area occupied by the connective tissue stroma, accompanied by the phenomena of hypoplasia.
Time Evolution of Tunneling in Thermal Medium -- Environment-driven Excited Tunneling --
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Sh.
name: Yoshimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time evolution of tunneling phenomena proceeding in thermal medium is studied using a standard model of environment interaction. A semiclassical probability formula for the particle motion in a metastable state of one dimensional system put in thermal medium is combined with the formula of quantum penetration factor through a potential barrier, to derive the tunneling rate in medium. Effect of environment, its influence on time evolution in particular, is clarified in a real-time formalism. A nonlinear resonance effect is shown to enhance the tunneling rate at finite times of order $2/η$, with $η$ the friction coefficient. In the linear approximation this effect has relevance to the parametric resonance. This effect enhances the possibility of early termination of the cosmological phase transition much prior to the typical Hubble time.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
A DYNAMIC SPECIFICATION OF AN AIDS IMPORT ALLOCATION MODEL
Creators: name: Van Heeswijk, B. J.
name: De Boer, P. M. C.
name: Herkema, R.
name: Van Heeswijk, B. J.
name: De Boer, P. M. C.
name: Herkema, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this paper we use the first-order autoregressive scheme in order to introduce dynamics into the AIDS model. We also consider the theoretical restrictions of additivity, homogeneity and symmetry, and use two different specifications of the covariance matrix. We estimate the models using import allocation data for the UK 1952-1979 of five EEC countries and test different specifications against each other.
Blown-up p-Branes and the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Ellwanger, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a blown-up 3-brane, with the resulting geometry R^(3,1) \times S^(N-1), in an infinite-volume bulk with N > 2 extra dimensions. The action on the brane includes both an Einstein term and a cosmological constant. Similar setups have been proposed both to reproduce 4-d gravity on the brane, and to solve the cosmological constant problem. Here we obtain a singularity-free solution to Einstein's equations everywhere in the bulk and on the brane, which allows us to address these question explicitely. One finds, however, that the proper volume of S^(N-1) and the cosmological constant on the brane have to be fine-tuned relatively to each other, thus the cosmological constant problem is not solved. Moreover the scalar propagator on the brane behaves 4-dimensionally over a phenomenologically acceptable range only if the warp factor on the brane is huge, which aggravates the Weak Scale - Planck Scale hierarchy problem.
description: 21 pages, no figures
Cultural variance in reception and interpretation of social media COVID-19 disinformation in French-speaking regions
Creators: name: Hughes, Brian
name: White, Kesa
name: West, Jennifer
name: Criezis, Meili
name: Zhou, Cindy
name: Bartholomew, Sarah
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Digital communication technology has created a world in which media are capable of crossing national boundaries as never before. As a result, language is increasingly the salient category determining individuals’ media consumption. Today, a single social media post can travel around the world, reaching anyone who speaks its language. This poses significant challenges to combatting the spread of disinformation, as an ever-growing pool of disinformation purveyors reach audiences larger than ever before. This dynamic is complicated, however, by the diversity of audience interpretations of message content within a particular language group. Both across and within national boundaries, a single message may be subject to a variety of interpretations depending on the cultural experiences and identities of its recipients. This study explores that dynamic through analysis of French language anti-vaccine and COVID-denialist disinformation. Using qualitative coding methodology, a team of researchers empirically identify common and far-reaching patterns of Francophone COVID disinformation narratives and rhetoric. These narratives and rhetorics are then subjected to hermeneutic close reading to determine likely variations in their reception across different French-speaking cultures. Data were gathered and analyzed between the dates of 24 March 2021 and 27 April 2021. Results of this study indicate the need for awareness on the part of public health officials combatting COVID disinformation online, for both the transnational reach of disinformation targeting speakers of a single language and for variations in meaning and salience across cultures within that language group.
Broadband coherent optical memory based on electromagnetically induced transparency
Creators: name: Wei, Yan-Cheng
name: Wu, Bo-Han
name: Hsiao, Ya-Fen
name: Tsai, Pin-Ju
name: Chen, Ying-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum memories, devices that can store and retrieve photonic quantum states on demand, are essential components for scalable quantum technologies. It is desirable to push the memory towards the broadband regime in order to increase the data rate. Here, we present a theoretical and experimental study on the broadband optical memory based on electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) protocol. We first provide a theoretical analysis on the issues and requirements to achieve a broadband EIT memory. We then present our experimental efforts on EIT memory in cold atoms towards the broadband or short-pulse regime. A storage efficiency of ~ 80 % with a pulse duration of 30 ns (corresponding to a bandwidth of 14.7 MHz) is realized. Limited by the available intensity of the control beam, we could not conduct an optimal storage for the even shorter pulses but still obtain an efficiency of larger than 50 % with a pulse duration of 14 ns (31.4 MHz). The achieved time-bandwidth-product at the efficiency of 50 % is 1267.
Volatile composition and outgassing in C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) : extending limits for high-resolution infrared cometary spectroscopy between 2.8 and 5.0 μm
Creators: name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Bonev, Boncho
name: Dello Russo, Neil
name: McKay, Adam
name: Roth, Nathan X.
name: Saki, Mohammad
name: Gibb, Erika L.
name: Vervack, Jr., Ronald J.
name: Khan, Younas
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We used the powerful high spectral resolution cross-dispersed facility spectrograph, iSHELL, at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) to observe C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto), a long-period comet from the Oort cloud. We report production rates for water and eight other parent molecules (native ices), C2H6, CO, CH4, H2CO, CH3OH, HCN, NH3, and C2H2, on three preperihelion UT dates, 2019 January 13 and (near perihelion) February 4–5. We present abundance ratios relative to both C2H6 (a nonpolar molecule) and H2O (a polar molecule), thereby providing a more complete picture of the parent volatile composition of C/2018 Y1 and potential associations of ices in its nucleus. Overall, the measured spatial distributions for polar molecules (in particular, H2O and CH3OH) were broader, exhibiting more complex structure compared with nonpolar or weakly polar species (CH4, C2H6, and CO). Our January 13 results permitted quantitatively assessing the significant improvement in sensitivity delivered by iSHELL compared with previous capabilities at the IRTF. The efficient spectral coverage of iSHELL plus the favorable geocentric Doppler shift of C/2018 Y1 allowed for measuring >50% of CH4 ν3-band emission intensity on both January 13 and February 5. Compositionally, compared to their respective mean abundances among comets from the Oort cloud, C2H6 and CH3OH were enriched, CH4 and HCN were near normal, and all other species were depleted. The abundance ratio CH3OH/C2H6 was higher by 45% ± 8% on January 13 versus February 5, whereas CH4/C2H6 was unchanged within the uncertainty, suggesting nonhomogeneous composition among regions of the nucleus dominating activity on these dates.
title: British ships and West China, 1875-1941: With special reference to the Upper Yangtze.
Creators: name: Blue, Archibald Duncan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1978

description: This dissertation describes the activities of British ships in west China, especially on the Upper Yangtze, in the first forty years of this century. The beginning of this period coincided with the high water mark of imperialism, and its close with the decline of imperialism in most parts of the world. This was probably more clearly illustrated in west China than in any other part of the world, and this was one main area of Anglo-French colonial rivalry. It is difficult today to realise that as late as 1940, Britain was still pursuing an expansionist policy here, and inducing a China, hard pressed by Japanese aggression, to cede tracts of territory on her far western border to Burma. The contribution of British shipping to the country's prestige and prosperity is insufficiently appreciated. On the Upper Yangtze and on the West River, British ships were trading in comparatively unknown parts of the world, yet in parts with a much longer history than western Europe. The war brought west China into international prominence, and hastened its economic development. British people can look back with some pride on the part their merchants and sailors played in the early stages of this development. It was an historic anachronism, that British ships were trading 1,400 miles from the sea in a foreign country as late as 1940, as long before then the rights of cabotage had been abolished in almost every other part of the world. I have attempted to describe the operations of these British ships against the international political situation in the Far East. To some extent this was reflected in rivalry in shipping on the Yangtze, and coincided with the rise of Japan as a world power, and the growth of nationalism and communism in China
A corrected decoupled scheme for chemotaxis models
Creators: name: Akhmouch, M.
name: Amine, M. Benzakour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main purpose of this paper is to present a new corrected decoupled scheme combined with a spatial finite volume method for chemotaxis models. First, we derive the scheme for a parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis model arising in embryology. We then establish the existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution, and we prove that it converges to a corresponding weak solution for the studied model. In the last section, several numerical tests are presented by applying our approach to a number of chemotaxis systems. The obtained numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme and its effectiveness to capture different forms of spatial patterns.
Apt-Serve: Adaptive Request Scheduling on Hybrid Cache for Scalable LLM Inference Serving
Creators: name: Gao, Shihong
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Shen, Yanyan
name: Chen, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language model (LLM) inference serving systems are essential to various LLM-based applications. As demand for LLM services continues to grow, scaling these systems to handle high request rates while meeting latency Service-Level Objectives (SLOs), referred to as effective throughput, becomes critical. However, existing systems often struggle to improve effective throughput, primarily due to a significant decline in Time To First Token (TTFT) SLO attainment. We identify two major causes of this bottleneck: (1) memory-intensive KV cache that limits batch size expansion under GPU memory constraints, and (2) rigid batch composition enforced by the default First-Come-First-Serve scheduling policy. In this paper, we introduce Apt-Serve, a scalable framework designed to enhance effective throughput in LLM inference serving. Apt-Serve features a new hybrid cache scheme that combines KV cache with a memory-efficient hidden cache for reusable input hidden state vectors, allowing large batch sizes and improving request concurrency. Based on the hybrid cache, Apt-Serve employs an adaptive runtime scheduling mechanism that dynamically optimizes batch composition. We formally define the adaptive scheduling optimization problem and propose an efficient algorithm with theoretical guarantees. Extensive evaluations on three real-world datasets and LLMs ranging from 13B to 66B parameters demonstrate that Apt-Serve achieves up to 8.8x improvement in effective throughput compared to the state-of-the-art inference serving systems.
Triggered qutrits for Quantum Communication protocols
Creators: name: Molina-Terriza, G.
name: Vaziri, A.
name: Rehacek, J.
name: Hradil, Z.
name: Zeilinger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general protocol in Quantum Information and Communication relies in the ability of producing, transmitting and reconstructing, in general, qunits. In this letter we show for the first time the experimental implementation of these three basic steps on a pure state in a three dimensional space, by means of the orbital angular momentum of the photons. The reconstruction of the qutrit is performed with tomographic techniques and a Maximum-Likelihood estimation method. In this way we also demonstrate that we can perform any transformation in the three dimensional space.
Apalonia guyimpressicollis Pace 2015, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Apalonia
Apalonia guyimpressicollis

description: Apalonia guyimpressicollis spec. nov.
(Figg. 37, 136–137)
 Materiale tipico: Holotypus , Guyane Fr., Barrage Petit Saut, 10.XI.2011, leg. T. Struyve (IRSNB).
Paratype: 1 , stessa provenienza (IRSNB).
 Descrizione: Lunghezza 2,6 mm. Corpo lucido e nerobruno, con capo e quarto urotergo libero neri; antenne brune con i due antennomeri basali giallo-bruni; zampe giallo-rossicce. Occhi, in visione dorsale, lunghi quanto la regione postoculare. Secondo antennomero più breve del primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto e quinto più lunghi che larghi, dal sesto al decimo trasversi. Reticolazione del capo superficiale, quella del pronoto molto evanescente, quella di elitre e addome non visibile. Punteggiatura del capo poco evidente, quella del pronoto non visibile. Granulosità delle elitre ridotta a qualche granulo saliente, quella dell’addome visibile solo al margine posteriore di ciascun urotergo libero. Pronoto munito di una profonda concavità mediana. Edeago come da Figg. 136–137.
 Etimologia: La nuova specie prende il nome dalla profonda impressione mediana del pronoto e dalla Guyana Francese.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2015, Introduzione alla conoscenza della sottofamiglia Aleocharinae nella Guyana Francese: Parte V (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 131-156 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 65 (1) on pages 143-144, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.65.1.75-84, http://zenodo.org/record/4753790
Volatile composition and outgassing in C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) : extending limits for high-resolution infrared cometary spectroscopy between 2.8 and 5.0 μm
Creators: name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Bonev, Boncho
name: Dello Russo, Neil
name: McKay, Adam
name: Roth, Nathan X.
name: Saki, Mohammad
name: Gibb, Erika L.
name: Vervack, Jr., Ronald J.
name: Khan, Younas
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
Publisher: name: Web Portal IOP
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences

description: We used the powerful high spectral resolution cross-dispersed facility spectrograph, iSHELL, at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) to observe C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto), a long-period comet from the Oort cloud. We report production rates for water and eight other parent molecules (native ices), C2H6, CO, CH4, H2CO, CH3OH, HCN, NH3, and C2H2, on three preperihelion UT dates, 2019 January 13 and (near perihelion) February 4–5. We present abundance ratios relative to both C2H6 (a nonpolar molecule) and H2O (a polar molecule), thereby providing a more complete picture of the parent volatile composition of C/2018 Y1 and potential associations of ices in its nucleus. Overall, the measured spatial distributions for polar molecules (in particular, H2O and CH3OH) were broader, exhibiting more complex structure compared with nonpolar or weakly polar species (CH4, C2H6, and CO). Our January 13 results permitted quantitatively assessing the significant improvement in sensitivity delivered by iSHELL compared with previous capabilities at the IRTF. The efficient spectral coverage of iSHELL plus the favorable geocentric Doppler shift of C/2018 Y1 allowed for measuring >50% of CH4 ν3-band emission intensity on both January 13 and February 5. Compositionally, compared to their respective mean abundances among comets from the Oort cloud, C2H6 and CH3OH were enriched, CH4 and HCN were near normal, and all other species were depleted. The abundance ratio CH3OH/C2H6 was higher by 45% ± 8% on January 13 versus February 5, whereas CH4/C2H6 was unchanged within the uncertainty, suggesting nonhomogeneous composition among regions of the nucleus dominating activity on these dates.
Two-loop QCD corrections to top quark decay
Creators: name: Slusarczyk, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of a new class of Feynman diagrams relevant for second-order QCD corrections to the top quark decay t -> b W. Modern computing techniques allow us to perform a reduction of the original loop integrals to master integrals. We obtain the analytical value of the top decay rate as an expansion around the limit of massless b and W.
description: 3 pages, to appear in the proceedings of Lake Louise Winter Institute 2004, Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada, 15-21 Feb 2004
A BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF THE UNIT ROOT HYPOTHESIS
Creators: name: Schotman, P.
name: Van Dijk, H. K.
name: Schotman, P.
name: Van Dijk, H. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: We propose a posterior odds analysis in order to compare a random walk model with a first-order stationary autoregressive model. We will study in detail the effect of the presence of a constant term representing an unknown mean of the series. Since the unconditional mean is not identifiable under the random walk hypothesis, one must be careful in specifying a reasonable prior for this model. The sampling properties of the posterior odds statistic are compared with such classical test statistics as proposed by Fuller [1976], and by Bhargava [1986]. The results indicate that the posterior odds compare favorably with these classical tests. Empirical results on time series of real exchange rates indicate that a Bayesian analysis can lead to different conclusions concerning the random walk behaviour of real exchange rates.
Flight attendant occupational nutrition and lifestyle factors associated with COVID-19 incidence
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Jessica J.
name: Brandley, Elizabeth T.
name: Ulrich, Trina C.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In the era of COVID-19, essential workers are plagued with unforeseen and obfuscated challenges. Flight attendants are a unique subgroup of essential workers who face a multitude of health risks attributed to occupational exposures that are accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such risks can be ameliorated with strategies that target factors which enhance COVID-19 risk, including modifiable factors of diet and lifestyle. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to detect occupational dietary and lifestyle factors which could increase COVID-19 incidence amongst flight attendants. To identify potential risk factors, a questionnaire was administered to eighty-four flight attendants and examined the participants’ diet and lifestyle, and COVID-19 incidence. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression indicated that the participants’ perceived dietary quality at work (p = 0.003), sleep disruptions which impacted their consumption of a healthy diet (p = 0.013), job tenure (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46:0.98) and frequency of reported cold/flu (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.014–2.189) were all factors associated with confirmed/suspected COVID-19 incidence. This study also revealed that a lack of infrastructure for food storage and time limitations are considerable occupational barriers for flight attendants to consume healthy foods. Additional investigation can further elucidate these relationships and related solutions to mitigate COVID-19 risk in the future.
Flight attendant occupational nutrition and lifestyle factors associated with COVID-19 incidence
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Jessica J.
name: Brandley, Elizabeth T.
name: Ulrich, Trina C.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the era of COVID-19, essential workers are plagued with unforeseen and obfuscated challenges. Flight attendants are a unique subgroup of essential workers who face a multitude of health risks attributed to occupational exposures that are accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such risks can be ameliorated with strategies that target factors which enhance COVID-19 risk, including modifiable factors of diet and lifestyle. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to detect occupational dietary and lifestyle factors which could increase COVID-19 incidence amongst flight attendants. To identify potential risk factors, a questionnaire was administered to eighty-four flight attendants and examined the participants’ diet and lifestyle, and COVID-19 incidence. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression indicated that the participants’ perceived dietary quality at work (p = 0.003), sleep disruptions which impacted their consumption of a healthy diet (p = 0.013), job tenure (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46:0.98) and frequency of reported cold/flu (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.014–2.189) were all factors associated with confirmed/suspected COVID-19 incidence. This study also revealed that a lack of infrastructure for food storage and time limitations are considerable occupational barriers for flight attendants to consume healthy foods. Additional investigation can further elucidate these relationships and related solutions to mitigate COVID-19 risk in the future.
Electrically controlled waveguide polariton laser
Creators: name: Suárez-Forero, D. G.
name: Riminucci, F.
name: Ardizzone, V.
name: de Giorgi, M.
name: Dominici, L.
name: Todisco, F.
name: Lerario, G.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: Gigli, G.
name: Ballarini, D.
name: Sanvitto, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-polaritons are mixed light-matter particles offering a versatile solid state platform to study many-body physical effects. In this work we demonstrate an electrically controlled polariton laser, in a compact, easy-to-fabricate and integrable configuration, based on a semiconductor waveguide. Interestingly, we show that polariton lasing can be achieved in a system without a global minimum in the polariton energy-momentum dispersion. The surface cavity modes for the laser emission are obtained by adding couples of specifically designed diffraction gratings on top of the planar waveguide, forming an in-plane Fabry-Perot cavity. It is thanks to the waveguide geometry, that we can apply a transverse electric field in order to finely tune the laser energy and quality factor of the cavity modes. Remarkably, we exploit the system sensitivity to the applied electric field to achieve an electrically controlled population of coherent polaritons. The precise control that can be reached with the manipulation of the grating properties and of the electric field provides strong advantages to this device in terms of miniaturization and integrability, two main features for the future development of coherent sources from polaritonic technologies.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary: 6 pages, 7 figures
Hypertension incidence among middle-aged and older adults : findings from a 5-year prospective study in rural South Africa, 2010–2015
Creators: name: Houle, Brian C.
name: Gaziano, Thomas A.
name: Angotti, Nicole
name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
name: Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson
name: Tollman, Stephen M.
name: Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is a scarcity of longitudinal cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa to understand the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease as a basis for intervention. We estimated incident hypertension and associated sociodemographic, health and behavioural risk factors in a population aged 40 years and older over a 5-year period. Design We assessed the association between incident hypertension and sociodemographic, health and behavioural factors using Poisson regression. We adjusted for non-response in 2015 using inverse probability sampling weights from a logistic regression including sex and age at baseline. Setting Rural South Africa. Participants We used a population-based cohort of normotensive adults in 2010 who were aged 40 years and older at retest in 2015. Results Of 676 individuals completing baseline and 5-year follow-up, there were 193 incident cases of hypertension. The overall hypertension incidence rate was 8.374/100 person-years. In multivariable analyses, those who became hypertensive were more likely to be older, have a high waist circumference (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.557, 95% CI: 1.074 to 2.259) and be employed (IRR: 1.579, 95% CI: 1.071 to 2.329) at baseline. Being HIV positive and not on antiretroviral therapy at baseline was associated with lower risk of incident hypertension. Conclusions Over a 5-year period, 29% of respondents developed hypertension. Given the high burden of hypertension in South Africa, continued longitudinal follow-up is needed to understand the complex interplay of non-communicable and infectious diseases and their underlying and modifiable risk factors to inform public health prevention strategies and programmes.
Hypertension incidence among middle-aged and older adults : findings from a 5-year prospective study in rural South Africa, 2010–2015
Creators: name: Houle, Brian C.
name: Gaziano, Thomas A.
name: Angotti, Nicole
name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
name: Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson
name: Tollman, Stephen M.
name: Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: There is a scarcity of longitudinal cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa to understand the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease as a basis for intervention. We estimated incident hypertension and associated sociodemographic, health and behavioural risk factors in a population aged 40 years and older over a 5-year period. Design We assessed the association between incident hypertension and sociodemographic, health and behavioural factors using Poisson regression. We adjusted for non-response in 2015 using inverse probability sampling weights from a logistic regression including sex and age at baseline. Setting Rural South Africa. Participants We used a population-based cohort of normotensive adults in 2010 who were aged 40 years and older at retest in 2015. Results Of 676 individuals completing baseline and 5-year follow-up, there were 193 incident cases of hypertension. The overall hypertension incidence rate was 8.374/100 person-years. In multivariable analyses, those who became hypertensive were more likely to be older, have a high waist circumference (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.557, 95% CI: 1.074 to 2.259) and be employed (IRR: 1.579, 95% CI: 1.071 to 2.329) at baseline. Being HIV positive and not on antiretroviral therapy at baseline was associated with lower risk of incident hypertension. Conclusions Over a 5-year period, 29% of respondents developed hypertension. Given the high burden of hypertension in South Africa, continued longitudinal follow-up is needed to understand the complex interplay of non-communicable and infectious diseases and their underlying and modifiable risk factors to inform public health prevention strategies and programmes.
Pupil Lovalization And Tracking For Video-Based Iris Biometrics
Creators: name: Benletaief, Nedra
name: Benazza-Benyahia, Amel
name: Derrode, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we are interested in iris biometric applications. More precisely, our contribution consists in designing both a pupil detection and a tracking procedure from video sequences acquired by low-cost webcams. The novelty of our approach relies on the fact that it is operational even with a minimal user cooperation and, under bad illuminations and acquisition conditions. A robust classification algorithm is designed to detect the pupil. Moreover, a pupil tracker based on the extended Kalman filter is applied in order to reduce the processing time. Experimental results are performed in order to evaluate the performances of the proposed detection and tracking system
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, conference
Learning About the World of Special Collections: stewardship, inventories, treasure hunts, genealogy...
Creators: name: Kubilius, Ramune Karolina
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Special Collections
subject: libraries
subject: Medical Library Association
subject: Librarians
subject: History of Medicine
subject: Schools, Medical
subject: Schools, Dental

description: Adaptation of poster presented at the Midwest Chapter / Medical Library Association annual conference in Louisville, KY, October 2015.
description: Even while many academic health sciences libraries are increasingly becoming immersed in clinical and translational science, systematic reviews and other institutional endeavors, historical and genealogical questions as well as projects continue to thrive. The scope of the work can be varied and challenging, involving many interested players and stakeholders, both internal and external. How might the formula of librarians, evidence, or proof apply in the case of historical queries and work when staffing devoted to activities is not full-time, and also interim or transitional? The song title "Time Waits For No One" (Rolling Stones, 1974) aptly describes the juggling act of addressing inquiries, moving things along, trying to be a good steward, documenting work done, and participating in planning for future traditional format and digital scenarios. Can any health sciences librarian step in to do this work if needed? Where does one begin? How does one identify a particular library's treasures? How does one provide evidence of the value of this area of the library's work? In this poster, some logs and visualizations will represent a case study of one institution's Special Collections and related historical work of the past year, some treasures discovered, and some lessons learned that might resonate with others. One wants to change the words of the song, "The Middle of the Road is Trying to Find Me" (Pretenders, 1984) to be the more pro-active acclamation: "I am trying to find the middle of the road and will go down it with purpose".
description: original_citation: Learning About the World of Special Collections: stewardship, inventories, treasure hunts, genealogy.../Ramune K. Kubilius [poster]. Presented at the Midwest Chapter / Medical Library Association annual conference in Louisville, KY, October 2015.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTHER'S EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY ON THE FORMATION SPLEENS OF OFFSPRING IN THE EARLY PERIOD POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Creators: name: Sultanova, D.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: early postnatal ontogenesis
hepatitis
development
spleen
rat pups.

description: The effect of chronic toxic hepatitis in a female rat on the growth and development of the spleen of offspring in the period of early postnatal ontogenesis has been researched. It was found that chronic maternal hepatitis leads to a pronounced lag in the formation of the spleen during the period of pure breastfeeding, the transition of rat pups to a mixed diet had a positive effect on the formation of structural and functional zones of the spleen.
Clustering of Arrivals in Queueing Systems: Autoregressive Conditional Duration Approach
Creators: name: Tomanová, Petra
name: Holý, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Arrivals in queueing systems are typically assumed to be independent and exponentially distributed. Our analysis of an online bookshop, however, shows that there is an autocorrelation structure present. First, we adjust the inter-arrival times for diurnal and seasonal patterns. Second, we model adjusted inter-arrival times by the generalized autoregressive score (GAS) model based on the generalized gamma distribution in the spirit of the autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) models. Third, in a simulation study, we investigate the effects of the dynamic arrival model on the number of customers, the busy period, and the response time in queueing systems with single and multiple servers. We find that ignoring the autocorrelation structure leads to significantly underestimated performance measures and consequently suboptimal decisions. The proposed approach serves as a general methodology for the treatment of arrivals clustering in practice.
BAYESIAN LIMITED INFORMATION ANALYSIS REVISITED
Creators: name: Bauwens, L.
name: Dijk, H. K.
name: Bauwens, L.
name: Dijk, H. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: It is shown that uniform priors give sharp, explosive posteriors in an underidentified simultaneous equations model (SEM ). It is also shown that, for a standard class of noninformative prior densities, the posterior density of the parameters of a single structural equation derived in a limited information framework, is a so-called ratio-form poly — t density if, and only if, the prior degrees of freedom parameter has the value suggested by Dreze ( 1976 ). Three representations of the incomplete simultaneous equations model are investigated and compared. Conditions are given under which the prior specification is invariant under the different formulations of the model. Posterior densities of the parameters of interest are derived, in particular, the class of poly —matrix — t densities. The use of the distribution theoretic results for the analysis of overidentification and exogeneity in a Bayesian framework is, briefly, discussed.
Closed String Amplitudes in Open String Field Theory
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tomohiko
name: Zeze, Syoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate gauge invariant operators corresponding to on-shell closed string states in open string field theory. Using both oscillator representation and conformal mapping techniques, we calculate a two closed string tachyon amplitude that connects two gauge invariant operators by an open string propagator.We find that this amplitude is in a complete agreement with the usual disc amplitude.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Bulk and single-cell profiling of breast tumors identifies TREM-1 as a dominant immune suppressive marker associated with poor outcomes
Creators: name: Pullikuth, Ashok K.
name: Routh, Eric D.
name: Zimmerman, Kip D.
name: Chifman, Julia
name: Chou, Jeff W.
name: Soike, Michael H.
name: Jin, Guangxu
name: Su, Jing
name: Song, Qianqian
name: Black, Michael A.
name: Print, Cristin
name: Bedognetti, Davide
name: Howard-McNatt, Marissa
name: O'Neill, Stacey S.
name: Thomas, Alexandra
name: Langefeld, Carl D.
name: Sigalov, Alexander B.
name: Lu, Yong
name: Miller, Lance D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a key mediator of innate immunity previously associated with the severity of inflammatory disorders, and more recently, the inferior survival of lung and liver cancer patients. Here, we investigated the prognostic impact and immunological correlates of TREM1 expression in breast tumors. Methods: Breast tumor microarray and RNAseq expression profiles (n=4,364 tumors) were analyzed for associations between gene expression, tumor immune subtypes, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Single-cell (sc)RNAseq was performed using the 10X Genomics platform. Statistical associations were assessed by logistic regression, Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Spearman correlation, Student’s t-test and Chi-square test. Results: In pre-treatment biopsies, TREM1 and known TREM-1 inducible cytokines (IL1B, IL8) were discovered by a statistical ranking procedure as top genes for which high expression was associated with reduced response to NAC, but only in the context of immunologically “hot” tumors otherwise associated with a high NAC response rate. In surgical specimens, TREM1 expression varied among tumor molecular subtypes, with highest expression in the more aggressive subtypes (Basal-like, HER2-E). High TREM1 significantly and reproducibly associated with inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), independent of conventional prognostic markers. Notably, the association between high TREM1 and inferior DMFS was most prominent in the subset of immunogenic tumors that exhibited the immunologically hot phenotype and otherwise associated with superior DMFS. Further observations from bulk and single-cell RNAseq analyses indicated that TREM1 expression was significantly enriched in polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) and M2-like macrophages, and correlated with downstream transcriptional targets of TREM-1 (IL8, IL-1B, IL6, MCP-1, SPP1, IL1RN, INHBA) which have been previously associated with pro-tumorigenic and immunosuppressive functions. Conclusions: Together, these findings indicate that increased TREM1 expression is prognostic of inferior breast cancer outcomes and may contribute to myeloid-mediated breast cancer progression and immune suppression.