cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhancing mainstream nitrogen removal by employing nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation processes
Creators: name: Liu, Tao
name: Hu, Shihu
name: Guo, Jianhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Due to serious eutrophication in water bodies, nitrogen removal has become a critical stage for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) over past decades. Conventional biological nitrogen removal processes are based on nitrification and denitrification (N/DN), and are suffering from several major drawbacks, including substantial aeration consumption, high fugitive greenhouse gas emissions, a requirement for external carbon sources, excessive sludge production and low energy recovery efficiency, and thus unable to satisfy the escalating public needs. Recently, the discovery of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria has promoted an update of conventional N/DN-based processes to autotrophic nitrogen removal. However, the application of anammox to treat domestic wastewater has been hindered mainly by unsatisfactory effluent quality with nitrogen removal efficiency below 80%. The discovery of nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-DAMO) during the last decade has provided new opportunities to remove this barrier and to achieve a robust system with high-level nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater, by utilizing methane as an alternative carbon source. In the present review, opportunities and challenges for nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation are discussed. Particularly, the prospective technologies driven by the cooperation of anammox and n-DAMO microorganisms are put forward based on previous experimental and modeling studies. Finally, a novel WWTP system acting as an energy exporter is delineated.
Flux-mediated Dark Matter
Creators: name: Kang, Yoo-Jin
name: Lee, Hyun Min
name: Menkara, Adriana G.
name: Song, Jiseon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism to communicate between fermion dark matter and the Standard Model (SM) only through the four-form flux. The four-form couplings are responsible for the relaxation of the Higgs mass to the correct value and the initial displacement of the reheating pseudo-scalar field from the minimum. We show that the simultaneous presence of the pseudo-scalar coupling to fermion dark matter and the flux-induced Higgs mixing gives rise to unsuppressed annihilations of dark matter into the SM particles at present, whereas the direct detection bounds from XENON1T can be avoided. We suggest exploring the interesting bulk parameter space of the model for which dark matter annihilates dominantly into a pair of singlet-like scalars with similar mass as for dark matter.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, Version published in JHEP
Some model-independent phenomenological consequences of flexible brane worlds
Creators: name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Dobado, A.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we will review the main properties of brane-world models with low tension. Starting from very general principles, it is possible to obtain an effective action for the relevant degrees of freedom at low energies (branons). Using the cross sections for high-energy processes involving branons, we set bounds on the different parameters appearing in these models. We also show that branons provide a WIMP candidate for dark matter in a natural way. We consider cosmological constraints on its thermal and non-thermal relic abundances. We derive direct detection limits and compare those limits with the preferred parameter region in the case in which the EGRET excess in the diffuse galactic gamma rays is due to dark matter annihilation. Finally we will discuss the constraints coming from the precision tests of the Standard Model and the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Quantum Theories and Renormalization Group in Gravity and Cosmology, IRGAC 2006, Barcelona, 11-15 July, 2006
Additional file 1: of Comparative transcriptomics reveals suppressed expression of genes related to auxin and the cell cycle contributes to the resistance of cucumber against Meloidogyne incognita
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Cheng, Chunyan
name: Zhang, Kaijing
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Xu, Jian
name: Yang, Shuqiong
name: Lou, Qunfeng
name: Li, Ji
name: Chen, Jin-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. The statistics of RNA-seq sequencing data in this study. Rck and Rt represent the control and treatment, respectively, of IL10â 1 and and Sck and St represent the control and treatment of CC3. 1, 2 and 3 represent three biological replicates. (DOCX 1112 kb)
Mapping stellar surfaces II: An interpretable Gaussian process model for light curves
Creators: name: Luger, Rodrigo
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Hedges, Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of Gaussian processes (GPs) as models for astronomical time series datasets has recently become almost ubiquitous, given their ease of use and flexibility. GPs excel in particular at marginalization over the stellar signal in cases where the variability due to starspots rotating in and out of view is treated as a nuisance, such as in exoplanet transit modeling. However, these effective models are less useful in cases where the starspot signal is of primary interest since it is not obvious how the parameters of the GP model are related to the physical properties of interest, such as the size, contrast, and latitudinal distribution of the spots. Instead, it is common practice to explicitly model the effect of individual starspots on the light curve and attempt to infer their properties via optimization or posterior inference. Unfortunately, this process is degenerate, ill-posed, and often computationally intractable when applied to stars with more than a few spots and/or to ensembles of many light curves. In this paper, we derive a closed-form expression for the mean and covariance of a Gaussian process model that describes the light curve of a rotating, evolving stellar surface conditioned on a given distribution of starspot sizes, contrasts, and latitudes. We demonstrate that this model is correctly calibrated, allowing one to robustly infer physical parameters of interest from one or more stellar light curves, including the typical radii and the mean and variance of the latitude distribution of starspots. Our GP has far-ranging implications for understanding the variability and magnetic activity of stars from both light curves and radial velocity (RV) measurements, as well as for robustly modeling correlated noise in both transiting and RV exoplanet searches. Our implementation is efficient, user-friendly, and open source, available as the Python package starry-process.
description: 91 pages, 30 figures. Updated references. Interactive visualization at http://starry-process.flatironinstitute.org
Exponential Lagrangian for the Gravitational Field and the problem of Vacuum Energy
Creators: name: Lecian, O. M.
name: Montani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will analyze two particular features of an exponential gravitational Lagrangian. On the one hand, while this choice of the Lagrangian density allows for two free parameters, only one scale, the cosmological constant, arises as fundamental when the proper Einsteinian limit is to be recovered. On the other hand, the vacuum energy arising from $f(R)$ theories such that $f(0)\neq 0$ needs a cancellation mechanism, by which the present value of the cosmological constant can be recast.
description: 4 pages, to appear in Proceedings of the II Stueckelberg Workshop - Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
USE OF WATER RESERVOIR IN EMERGENCIES RESERVOIR OVERFLOW PREDICTION AND PREVENTION
Creators: name: Jovliev, U.T.
name: Abdurakhmanov, U.
name: Jurakhonova, Sh.
name: Sayliyev, O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: It is worth noting that sometimes there are opinions that: "Even if the reservoir is full at the time of the flood, the water transfer structures have the ability to handle even the smallest possible large flood." But in such extreme conditions, water transfer is very dangerous, and unpleasant or accidental situations can occur in structures, especially in the lower part. For example, erosion of concrete or metal coatings, failure of mechanical equipment, washing of the bottom floor, etc.
Nilpotent superfields for broken abelian symmetries
Creators: name: Aldabergenov, Yermek
name: Chatrabhuti, Auttakit
name: Isono, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find new solutions to real cubic constraints on $N=1$ chiral superfields transforming under global abelian symmetries. These solutions describe the low-energy dynamics of a goldstino interacting with an axion (both belonging to the same chiral superfield) with non-linearly realized supersymmetry. We show the relation between our model and the approach of Komargodski and Seiberg for describing goldstino-axion dynamics which uses orthogonal nilpotent superfields.
description: 18 pages. Version 2: minor corrections. Version 3: some corrections and additions to Conclusion section, accepted to EPJC
Simkania negevensis: clinical and laboratory studies in the
population of hemodialized and kidney transplanted
patients.
Simkania negevensis nel paziente in dialisi e nel trapiantato di rene. Ricerche cliniche e sperimentali
Creators: name: Stalteri, Lucia <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: MED/14 Nefrologia

description: Simkania negevensis is a bacterium belonging to the order Chlamydiales but with certain biological characteristics different from those of chlamydia, according to which it was classified in the family Simkaniaceae.
It is widespread in the environment, due to its ability to survive in amoebae also in phase cystic, for which it was hypothesized a possible transmission after contact with water in which they are present amoebae.
So far it is known its role in diseases of the lower respiratory tract, such as childhood bronchiolitis and pneumonia in adults of the community, following its transmission through infected aerosols. A recent American study showed, by PCR, a high prevalence of S. negevensis in patients with lung transplant than other transplant recipients, assuming an association between the presence of the bacterium in these patients, and transplant rejection, were more frequent in lung transplant recipients infected compared to uninfected.
There are no data so far analyzed in Italy relative to the population of dialysis and kidney transplant recipients relative to simkania negevensis why this study was undertaken in order to start a specific location and evaluate the scientific implications.
Because its ability to assume persistent forms of infection, which may lead to a prolonged inflammatory response, Simkania negevensis, similar to other persistent bacteria or viruses, may be ivolved in pathologic complication. Sn may be a factor in graft rejection in mmunesuppressed lung transplant recipients, and further studies are planned to explore the posible association of Sn infections with various in vivo pathologies.
Additional file 1: of Targeting p21-activated kinase 1 inhibits growth and metastasis via Raf1/MEK1/ERK signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells
Creators: name: Chen, Liang
name: Bi, Shuning
name: Hou, Jiuzhou
name: Zhao, Zhijun
name: Wang, Chaojie
name: Xie, Songqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S1. Primers used for qRT-PCR. (PDF 85 kb)
First e-VLBI observations of GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Rushton, A.
name: Spencer, R. E.
name: Strong, M.
name: Campbell, R. M.
name: Casey, S.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Garrett, M. A.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Reynolds, C.
name: Szomoru, A.
name: Tudose, V.
name: Paragi, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the first successful open call e-VLBI science run, observing the X-ray binary GRS 1915+105. e-VLBI science allows the rapid production of VLBI radio maps, within hours of an observation rather than weeks, facilitating a decision for follow-up observations. A total of 6 telescopes observing at 5 GHz across the European VLBI Network (EVN) were correlated in real time at the Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE). Constant data rates of 128 Mbps were transferred from each telescope, giving 4 TB of raw sampled data over the 12 hours of the whole experiment. Throughout this, GRS 1915+105 was observed for a total of 5.5 hours, producing 2.8 GB of visibilities of correlated data. A weak flare occurred during our observations, and we detected a slightly resolved component of 2.7 x 1.2 milliarcsecond with a position angle of 140 (+/-2) degrees. The peak brightness was 10.2 mJy per beam, with a total integrated radio flux of 11.1 mJy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS 4 pages, 3 figures
Ultrafast Modulations And Detection of a Ferro-rotational Charge Density Wave Using Time-resolved Electric Quadrupole Second Harmonic Generation
Creators: name: Luo, Xiangpeng
name: Obeysekera, Dimuthu
name: Won, Choongjae
name: Sung, Suk Hyun
name: Schnitzer, Noah
name: Hovden, Robert
name: Cheong, Sang-Wook
name: Yang, Junjie
name: Sun, Kai
name: Zhao, Liuyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the ferro-rotational nature of the commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) in $1T$-$\mathrm{TaS}_2$ and track its dynamic modulations by temperature-dependent and time-resolved electric quadrupole rotation anisotropy-second harmonic generation (EQ RA-SHG), respectively. The ultrafast modulations manifest as the breathing and the rotation of the EQ RA-SHG patterns at three frequencies around the reported single CCDW amplitude mode frequency. A sudden shift of the triplet frequencies and a dramatic increase in the breathing and rotation magnitude further reveal a photo-induced transient CDW phase across a critical pump fluence of ~ 0.5 mJ/cm$^2$.
Amphipoda Latreille 1816
Creators: name: Esmaeili-Rineh, Somayeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda

description: Order Amphipoda Latreille 1816  Suborder Senticaudata Lowry & Myers 2013
description: Published as part of Esmaeili-Rineh, Somayeh, 2018, A new data of freshwater amphipod of genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1849 from Lorestan Province in Iran, pp. 242-250 in Zootaxa 4531 (2) on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4531.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2614594
Statefinder diagnostic for the modified polytropic Cardassian universe
Creators: name: Yi, Ze-Long
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Statefinder diagnostic to the Modified Polytropic Cardassian Universe in this work. We find that the Statefinder diagnostic is quite effective to distinguish Cardassian models from a series of other cosmological models. The $s-r$ plane is used to classify the Modified Polytropic Cardassian models into six cases. The evolutionary trajectories in the $s-r$ plane for the cases with different $n$ and $β$ reveal different evolutionary properties of the universe. In addition, we combine the observational $H(z)$ data, the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data and the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data to make a joint analysis. We find that \textbf{Case 2} can be excluded at the 68.3% confidence level and any case is consistent with the observations at the 95.4% confidence level.
description: Comments: Final version for publication in Physical Review D [minor revision to match the appear version] Journal-ref: Physical Review D 75, 083515 (2007)
Operator Product Expansion for Pure Spinor Superstring on AdS(5)*S(5)
Creators: name: Puletti, Valentina Giangreco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tree-level operator product expansion coefficients of the matter currents are calculated in the pure spinor formalism for type IIB superstring in the AdS(5)*S(5) background.
description: 18 pages, no figure, corrected typos and added acknowledgements
Universal phase shift and non-exponential decay of driven single-spin oscillations
Creators: name: Koppens, F. H. L.
name: Klauser, D.
name: Coish, W. A.
name: Nowack, K. C.
name: Kouwenhoven, L. P.
name: Loss, D.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, both theoretically and experimentally, driven Rabi oscillations of a single electron spin coupled to a nuclear spin bath. Due to the long correlation time of the bath, two unusual features are observed in the oscillations. The decay follows a power law, and the oscillations are shifted in phase by a universal value of ~pi/4. These properties are well understood from a theoretical expression that we derive here in the static limit for the nuclear bath. This improved understanding of the coupled electron-nuclear system is important for future experiments using the electron spin as a qubit.
description: Main text: 4 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary material: 2 pages, 3 figures
Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories
Creators: name: Washimi, T.
name: Yokozawa, T.
name: Nakano, M.
name: Tanaka, T.
name: Kaihotsu, K.
name: Mori, Y.
name: Narita, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors, lightning strokes in the atmosphere are sources of environmental noise. Some GW detectors are built or planned in underground facilities, and knowledge of how lightning strokes affect them is of interest. In this paper, the lightning detection system in KAGRA is introduced, and the properties of the magnetic field measured inside and outside the KAGRA tunnel are shown. One lightning-induced event in the GW channel of the KAGRA main interferometer is also shown. Finally, possible applications of lightning events for the GW experiments are discussed.
Structure-function relationships of endoglucanase C (CenC) from Cellulomonas fimi
Creators: name: Coutinho, John B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The CenC gene of Cellulomonas fimi, encoding endoglucanase CenC had an open reading frame of 1101 codons closely followed by a 9 bp inverted repeat. The amino acid sequence of mature CenC, which was 1069 amino acids long, is very unusual in that it had a 150 amino acid-long tandem repeat (N1N2) at the N-terminus and an unrelated 100 amino acid-long tandem repeat (C1C2) at the C-terminus. Similarity of the central domain of CenC to the catalytic domains of other endoglucanases placed CenC in subfamily El of the β-l,4-glycanases. CenC could be affinity purified on cellulose or Sephadex. The catalytic properties of recombinant CenC from E. coil, for the substrate carboxymethylcellulose were indistinguishable from those of native CenC from C. fimi. In order to determine which of the repeats N1N2 or C1C2 bind to cellulose or to Sephadex, both repeats were cloned separately. N1N2 mediated binding to both cellulose and Sephadex. Nl or N2 alone did not bind Sephadex but did bind cellulose. The C-terminal repeats, alone or in combination, did not mediate binding to cellulose or to Sephadex. N1N2 bound to regenerated cellulose (phosphoric acid swollen cellulose) but had negligible affinity for bacterial microcrystalline cellulose. To show that the N-terminal repeats could be used as an affinity tag for a polypeptide other than CenC, N1N2 was fused to the catalytic domain of CenA (another endoglucanase from C. fimi). The resulting fusion polypeptide C’ ‘A could be affinity purified on cellulose or Sephadex and retained catalytic activity. C’ ‘A was also used to study the influence of the binding domain on the hydrolysis of cellulosic substrates by comparison to CenA. C’ ‘A had higher activity on the amorphous substrate cellulose azure when compared to CenA. C’ ‘A and CenA had similar activities on regenerated cellulose with the most striking difference being the poor activity of C’ ‘A on crystalline cellulose. The ability (or lack thereof) of the binding domain to adsorb to crystalline cellulose correlated well with the ability of the enzyme to hydrolyze the substrate.
Video Summarization through Reinforcement Learning with a 3D Spatio-Temporal U-Net
Creators: name: Liu, Tianrui
name: Meng, Qingjie
name: Huang, Jun-Jie
name: Vlontzos, Athanasios
name: Rueckert, Daniel
name: Kainz, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent video summarization algorithms allow to quickly convey the most relevant information in videos through the identification of the most essential and explanatory content while removing redundant video frames. In this paper, we introduce the 3DST-UNet-RL framework for video summarization. A 3D spatio-temporal U-Net is used to efficiently encode spatio-temporal information of the input videos for downstream reinforcement learning (RL). An RL agent learns from spatio-temporal latent scores and predicts actions for keeping or rejecting a video frame in a video summary. We investigate if real/inflated 3D spatio-temporal CNN features are better suited to learn representations from videos than commonly used 2D image features. Our framework can operate in both, a fully unsupervised mode and a supervised training mode. We analyse the impact of prescribed summary lengths and show experimental evidence for the effectiveness of 3DST-UNet-RL on two commonly used general video summarization benchmarks. We also applied our method on a medical video summarization task. The proposed video summarization method has the potential to save storage costs of ultrasound screening videos as well as to increase efficiency when browsing patient video data during retrospective analysis or audit without loosing essential information
ISO Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge AGB Stars
Creators: name: Blommaert, Joris A. D. L.
name: Groenewegen, Martin A. T.
name: Okumura, Koryo
name: Ganesh, Shashikiran
name: Omont, Alain
name: Cami, Jan
name: Glass, Ian S.
name: Habing, Harm J.
name: Schultheis, Mathias
name: Simon, Guy
name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the nature of Bulge AGB stars and in particular their circumstellar dust, we have analysed mid-infrared spectra obtained with the ISOCAM CVF spectrometer in three Bulge fields. The ISOCAM 5-16.5 micron CVF spectra were obtained as part of the ISOGAL infrared survey of the inner Galaxy. A classification of the shape of the 10 micron dust feature was made for each case. The spectra of the individual sources were modelled using a radiative transfer model. Different combinations of amorphous silicates and aluminium-oxide dust were used in the modelling. Spectra were obtained for 29 sources of which 26 are likely to be Bulge AGB stars. Our modelling shows that the stars suffer mass loss rates in the range of 10^{-8} - 5 x 10^{-7} Msun / yr, which is at the low end of the mass-loss rates experienced on the Thermally Pulsing AGB. The luminosities range from 1,700 to 7,700 Lsun as expected for a population of AGB stars with Minit of 1.5 - 2Msun. In agreement with the condensation sequence scenario, we find that the dust content is dominated by Al_2O_3 grains in this sample of low mass-loss rate stars.
description: Small modifications to the text. Table 2 corrected
K^0 and Λproduction in Ni + Ni collisions near threshold
Creators: name: Merschmeyer, M.
name: Lopez, X.
name: Bastid, N.
name: Crochet, P.
name: Herrmann, N.
name: Collaboration, FOPI
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results concerning the production of neutral strange particles, $K^0$ and $Λ$ in Ni + Ni collisions at 1.93$A$ GeV, measured with the FOPI detector at GSI-Darmstadt, are presented. Rapidity density distributions and Boltzmann slope parameter distributions are measured in nearly the full phase space of the reaction. The observables are compared to existing $K^+$ and proton data. While the $K^0$ data agree with previously reported $K^+$ measurements, the $Λ$ distributions show a different behavior relative to that of protons. The strangeness balance and the production yield per participating nucleon as a function of the centrality of the reaction are discussed, for the first time at SIS energies.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
An Agent-Based Simulation of In-Store Customer Experiences
Creators: name: Siebers, Peer-Olaf
name: Aickelin, Uwe
name: Celia, Helen
name: Clegg, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agent-based modelling and simulation offers a new and exciting way of understanding the world of work. In this paper we describe the development of an agent-based simulation model, designed to help to understand the relationship between human resource management practices and retail productivity. We report on the current development of our simulation model which includes new features concerning the evolution of customers over time. To test some of these features we have conducted a series of experiments dealing with customer pool sizes, standard and noise reduction modes, and the spread of the word of mouth. Our multi-disciplinary research team draws upon expertise from work psychologists and computer scientists. Despite the fact we are working within a relatively novel and complex domain, it is clear that intelligent agents offer potential for fostering sustainable organisational capabilities in the future.
Water sorption, glass transition, and microstructures of refractance window- and freeze-dried mango (Philippine “Carabao” var.) powder
Creators: name: Caparino, O. A.; Sablani, Shyam S.; Tang, Juming; Syamaladevi, Roopesh M.; Nindo, C. I.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2013

Abstract
MOESM1 of A foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus and Bacillus cereus at a university in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China 2018: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Chen, Dongwan
name: Li, Yongjin
name: Lv, Jinchang
name: Liu, Xiufeng
name: Gao, Peng
name: Zhen, Guoxin
name: Zhang, Wenzeng
name: Wu, Dan
name: Jing, Hongbo
name: Li, Ying
name: Zhao, Yao
name: Ma, Xiaochen
name: Ma, Huilai
name: Zhang, Lijie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The self-compiled case questionnaire used in this survey. The main purpose of this questionnaire is to obtain the basic situation of case and the related risk factors of the outbreak, such as meal situation, contact history, etc. The contents of the questionnaire can be obtained in the Figshare repository https://figshare.com/articles/Additional_file_1/8015762 .
Charged dust solutions for the warp drive spacetime
Creators: name: Santos-Pereira, Osvaldo L.
name: Abreu, Everton M. C.
name: Ribeiro, Marcelo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alcubierre warp drive metric is a spacetime construction where a massive particle located inside a spacetime distortion, called warp bubble, travels at velocities arbitrarily higher than the velocity of light. This theoretically constructed spacetime geometry is a consequence of general relativity where global superluminal velocities, also known as warp speeds, are possible, whereas local speeds are limited to subluminal ones as required by special relativity. In this work we analyze the solutions of the Einstein equations having charged dust energy-momentum tensor as source for warp velocities. The Einstein equations with the cosmological constant are written and all solutions having energy-momentum tensor components for electromagnetic fields generated by charged dust are presented, as well as the respective energy conditions. The results show an interplay between the energy conditions and the electromagnetic field such that in some cases the former can be satisfied by both positive and negative matter density. In other cases the dominant and null energy conditions are violated. A result connecting the electric energy density with the cosmological constant is also presented, as well as the effects of the electromagnetic field on the bubble dynamics.
description: 21 pages, 1 table. LaTeX. Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Moduli stabilization, F-term uplifting and soft supersymmetry breaking terms
Creators: name: Abe, Hiroyuki
name: Higaki, Tetsutaro
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Omura, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study moduli stabilization with F-term uplifting. As a source of uplifting F-term, we consider spontaneous supersymmetry breaking models, e.g. the Polonyi model and the Intriligator-Seiberg-Shih model. We analyze potential minima by requiring almost vanishing vacuum energy and evaluate the size of modulus F-term. We also study soft SUSY breaking terms. In our scenario, the mirage mediation is dominant in gaugino masses. Scalar masses can be comparable with gaugino masses or much heavier, depending on couplings with spontaneous supersymmetry breaking sector.
description: 16 pages; typos corrected, references added
Complex emission line region of Mrk 817
Creators: name: Ilic, D.
name: Popovic, L. C.
name: Bon, E.
name: Mediavilla, E. G.
name: Chavushyan, V. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the physical and kinematical properties of the emission line region of Seyfert 1.5 galaxy Mrk 817 using three sets of observations, among which are high-resolution spectra obtained with the Isaac Newton Telescope on Canary Islands. We find that in Mrk 817 the Narrow (NEL) and Broad Emission Lines (BEL) are very complex, indicating that structure of both the Narrow (NLR) and Broad Line Region (BLR) is complex and consists of at least two sub-regions with different kinematical properties. We find that the BEL can be fitted with the two-component model, where the core of the line is coming from a spherical region with isotropic velocity distribution, and wings might be affected by a low inclined accretion disc (or disc-like emitting region). Also, we discuss the physical properties of the BLR. Moreover, we find that an outflow is present in the NLR, that may be driven by an approaching jet.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Slip flow regimes in nanofluidics: a universal superexponential model
Creators: name: Aminpour, Mohammad
name: Torres, Sergio Andres Galindo
name: Scheuermann, Alexander
name: Li, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many experiments have shown large flow enhancement ratios (up to 10^5) in carbon nanotubes (CNT) with diameters larger than 5nm. However, molecular dynamics simulations have never replicated these results maintaining a three-order-of-magnitude gap with measurements. Our study provides a generic model of nanofluidics for continuum slip flow (diameter>3nm) that fills this significant gap and sheds light on its origin. Compared to 140 literature cases, the model explains the entire range of experimental flow enhancements by changes of nanotube diameters and finite variations of interfacial energies. Despite large variations of flow enhancement ratios spanning 5 orders of magnitude in experimental results, the ratio between these data and corresponding model predictions approaches unity for the majority of experiments. The role of viscous entrance effects is discussed. The model provides insight into puzzling observations such as differences of CNTs and boron nitride nanotubes, the slip on low-contact-angle surfaces and massive functionalization effects. This study could advance our understanding of nano-scale transport mechanisms and aid the design of tailored nanomembranes.
Managing invasive populations of Anoplophora chinensis and A. glabripennis in Lombardy
Creators: name: Maspero, Matteo <1976>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: AGR/11 Entomologia generale e applicata

description: Two Asian longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), commonly known as Citrus Longhorned Beetle (CLB), Anoplophora chinensis (Forster), and Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB), A. glabripennis (Motschulsky), are considered the most destructive wood borers introduced in Lombardy (northern Italy).
This research aimed at (1) improving laboratory rearing methods for the biological control agent Aprostocetus anoplophorae (Hym.: Eulophidae), an egg parasitoid specific to CLB, and defining release techniques allowing its establishment; (2) test the efficacy of the sentinel tree technique for the early detection of CLB; and (3) evaluating the efficacy of traps baited with artificial lures in attracting adults of ALB and possibly CLB.
Several problems were faced while rearing the egg parasitoid in laboratory. It appeared that the rate of parasitism of the hosts could depend on the age of the host eggs and/or age of the laying parasitoid females.  Data results from the field experiments about A. anoplophorae release-capture showed that the percentage of slits containing a CLB egg was particularly low on most sentinel trees and the percentage of CLB eggs that were killed, because of natural predators, was high.  Only one egg amongst those exposed was attacked by the released parasitoid. These negative results were anyway very useful, since they provided evidence and information on the type of host plants to be used, the time necessary for the exposure of the plants to the egg-laying CLB females, the number of laying parasitoid females to be inserted per cage.
The sentinel trees technique revealed to be not successful; signs and symptoms of CLB presence were not recorded during the two seasons of field observations (2012-2013).
Extremely positive was instead the trial with artificial lures carried out during summer 2013. A total of 32 beetles were captured (4 ALB and 28 CLB) deploying 50 baited traps.
Bringing VY Canis Majoris Down to Size: An Improved Determination of Its Effective Tempeature
Creators: name: Massey, Philip
name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Plez, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The star VY CMa is a late-type M supergiant with many peculiarities, mostly related to the intense circumstellar environment due to the star's high mass-loss rate. Claims have been made that would suggest this star is considerably more luminous (L = 5 x 10^5 Lo) and larger (R=2800 Ro) than other Galactic red supergiants (RSGs). Indeed, such a location in the H-R diagram would be well in the "Hayashi forbidden zone" where stars cannot be in hydrostatic equilibrium. These extraordinary properties, however, rest upon an assumed effective temperature of 2800-3000 K, far cooler than recent work have shown RSGs to be. To obtain a better estimate, we fit newly obtained spectrophotometry in the optical and NIR with the same MARCS models used for our recent determination of the physical properties of other RSGs; we also use $V-K$ and $V-J$ from the literature to derive an effective temperatures. We find that the star likely has a temperature of 3650 K, a luminosity L = 6 x 10^4 Lo, and a radius of 600Ro. These values are consistent with VY CMa being an ordinary evolved 15 Mo RSG, and agree well with the Geneva evolutionary tracks. We find that the circumstellar dust region has a temperature of 760 K, and an effective radius of approximately 130 AU, if spherical geometry is assumed for the latter. What causes this star to have such a high mass-loss, and large variations in brightness (but with little change in color), remains a mystery at present, although we speculate that perhaps this star (and NML Cyg) are simply normal RSGs caught during an unusually unstable time.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-arylbenzofuran derivatives as potential anti-Alzheimer’s disease agents
Creators: name: Yun, Yinling
name: Miao, Yuhang
name: Sun, Xiaoya
name: Sun, Jie
name: Wang, Xiaojing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of progressive dementia caused by degeneration of the nervous system. A single target drug usually does not work well. Therefore, multi-target drugs are designed and developed so that one drug can specifically bind to multiple targets to ensure clinical effectiveness and reduce toxicity. We synthesised a series of 2-arylbenzofuran derivatives and evaluated their in vitro activities. 2-Arylbenzofuran compounds have good dual cholinesterase inhibitory activity and β-secretase inhibitory activity. The IC50 value of compound 20 against acetylcholinesterase inhibition (0.086 ± 0.01 µmol·L−1) is similar to donepezil (0.085 ± 0.01 µmol·L−1) and is better than baicalein (0.404 ± 0.04 µmol·L−1). And most of the compounds have good BACE1 inhibitory activity, of which 3 compounds (8, 19 and 20) show better activity than baicalein (0.087 ± 0.03 µmol·L−1). According to experimental results, 2-arylbenzofuran compounds provide an idea for drug design to develop prevention and treatment for AD.
The 10 $μ$m infrared band of silicate dust: A laboratory study comparing the aerosol and KBr pellet techniques
Creators: name: Tamanai, A.
name: Mutschke, H.
name: Blum, J.
name: Meeus, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profile of the silicate 10 $μ$m IR band contains important information about the evolutional stage of dust in circumstellar environments and the possible ongoing process of planetesimal formation. In order to extract this information, the observed band profiles are compared with calculated or laboratory-measured absorption cross sections of amorphous and crystalline grains with different sizes and compositions. We present in this study the first laboratory measurements of the 10 $μ$m band profiles of nonembedded, i.e. free-flying, particles of amorphous and crystalline Mg$_2$SiO$_4$ (with two different particle shapes), amorphous and crystalline MgSiO$_3$, and crystalline olivine. We compare the spectra with those measured on embedded grains and discuss the potential of the new experimental method for comparison with observed spectra, as well as for future studies of agglomeration and surface manipulation of the grains.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Measuring Model Biases in the Absence of Ground Truth
Creators: name: Aka, Osman
name: Burke, Ken
name: Bäuerle, Alex
name: Greer, Christina
name: Mitchell, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The measurement of bias in machine learning often focuses on model performance across identity subgroups (such as man and woman) with respect to groundtruth labels. However, these methods do not directly measure the associations that a model may have learned, for example between labels and identity subgroups. Further, measuring a model's bias requires a fully annotated evaluation dataset which may not be easily available in practice. We present an elegant mathematical solution that tackles both issues simultaneously, using image classification as a working example. By treating a classification model's predictions for a given image as a set of labels analogous to a bag of words, we rank the biases that a model has learned with respect to different identity labels. We use (man, woman) as a concrete example of an identity label set (although this set need not be binary), and present rankings for the labels that are most biased towards one identity or the other. We demonstrate how the statistical properties of different association metrics can lead to different rankings of the most "gender biased" labels, and conclude that normalized pointwise mutual information (nPMI) is most useful in practice. Finally, we announce an open-sourced nPMI visualization tool using TensorBoard.
Double pion photoproduction off 40Ca
Creators: name: Bloch, F.
name: Ahrens, J.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Beck, R.
name: Fog, L. S.
name: Hornidge, D.
name: Janssen, S.
name: Kotulla, M.
name: Krusche, B.
name: McGeorge, J. C.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Messchendorp, J. G.
name: Metag, V.
name: Novotny, R.
name: Owens, R. O.
name: Pfeiffer, M.
name: Rost, M.
name: Sanderson, R.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Watts, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoproduction of pi0pi0 and pi0pi+/- pairs off 40Ca has been investigated with the TAPS detector using the Glasgow photon tagging spectrometer at the Mainz MAMI accelerator. Data have been taken for incident photon energies in the energy range from 200 - 820 MeV. Total cross sections have been extracted from threshold up to the maximum photon energy and invariant mass distributions of the pion pairs have been obtained for incident photon energies between 400 - 500 MeV and 500 - 550 MeV. The double pi0 invariant mass distributions show some relative enhancement with respect to the mixed charge channel at small invariant masses. The effects are smaller than previously observed for lead nuclei and the distributions do not significantly deviate from carbon data. The data are in good agreement with the results of recent calculations in the framework of the BUU model, with careful treatment of final state interaction effects but without an explicit in-medium modification of scalar, iso-scalar pion pairs. This means that for Ca most of the experimentally observed effect can be explained by final state interactions. Only at low incident photon energies there is still a small low mass enhancement of the double pi0 data over the BUU results.
description: accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. A
Terahertz non-label subwavelength imaging with composite photonics-plasmonics structured illumination
Creators: name: Zhao, Jin
name: Yin, Li-Zheng
name: Han, Feng-Yuan
name: Wang, Yi-Dong
name: Huang, Tie-Jun
name: Du, Chao-Hai
name: Liu, Pu-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the capability of structured illumination microscopy in subwavelength imaging, many researchers devoted themselves to investigating this methodology. However, due to the free propagating feature of the traditional structured illumination fields, the resolution can be only improved up to double times compared with the diffractied limited microscopy. Besides, most of the previous studies, relying on incoherent illumination sources, are restricted to fluorescent samples. In this work, a subwavelength nonfluorescent imaging method is proposed based on the terahertz traveling wave and plasmonics illumination. Excited along with a metal grating, the spoof surface plasmons are employed as the plasmonics illumination. When the scattering waves with the SSPs illumination are captured, the high order spatial frequency components of the sample are already encoded into the obtainable low order ones. Then, an algorithm is summarized to shift the modulated SF components to their actual positions in the Fourier domain. In this manner, high order SF components carrying the fine information are introduced to reconstruct the desired imaging, leading to an improvement of the resolution up to 0.12 lambda. Encouragingly, the resolution can be further enhanced by tuning the working frequency of the SSPs. This method holds promise for some important applications in terahertz nonfluorescent microscopy and sample detection with weak scattering.
Crucial inputs to nucleosynthesis calculations
Creators: name: Rauscher, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first part of the paper discusses nuclear properties relevant to predict compound reactions. The second part addresses direct reactions with special emphasis on direct neutron capture.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures