cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The range of non-Kitaev terms and fractional particles in RuCl$_3$
Creators: name: Wang, Yiping
name: Osterhoudt, Gavin B.
name: Tian, Yao
name: Lampen-Kelley, Paige
name: Banerjee, Arnab
name: Goldstein, Thomas
name: Yan, Jun
name: Knolle, Johannes
name: Ji, Huiwen
name: Cava, Robert J.
name: Nasu, Joji
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
name: Nagler, Stephen E.
name: Mandrus, David
name: Burch, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant efforts have focused on the magnetic excitations of relativistic Mott insulators, predicted to realize the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL). This exactly solvable model involves a highly entangled state resulting from bond-dependent Ising interactions that produce excitations which are non-local in terms of spin flips. A key challenge in real materials is identifying the relative size of the non-Kitaev terms and their role in the emergence or suppression of fractional excitations. Here, we identify the energy and temperature boundaries of non-Kitaev interactions by direct comparison of the Raman susceptibility of RuCl3 with quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) results for the Kitaev QSLs. Moreover, we further confirm the fractional nature of the magnetic excitations, which is given by creating a pair of fermionic quasiparticles. Interestingly, this fermionic response remains valid in the non-Kitaev range. Our results and focus on the use of the Raman susceptibility provide a stringent new test for future theoretical and experimental studies of QSLs.
description: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41535-020-0216-6. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1809.07782
Force-induced desorption of a linear polymer chain adsorbed on an attractive surface
Creators: name: Mishra, P. K.
name: Kumar, Sanjay
name: Singh, Yashwant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of self-avoiding walk on a lattice with on-site repulsion and an attraction for every vertex of the walk visited on the surface to study force-induced desorption of a linear polymer chain adsorbed on an attractive surface and use the exact enumeration technique for analyzing how the critical force for desorption $f_c(T)$ depends on the temperature. The curve $f_c(T)$ gives the boundary separating the adsorbed phase from the desorbed phase. Our results show that in two dimensions where surface is a line the force $f_c(T)$ increases monotonically as temperature is lowered and becomes almost constant at very low temperatures. In case of three-dimensions we, however, find re-entrance, i. e. $f_c(T)$ goes through a maximum as temperature is lowered. The behaviour of the polymer chain at different values of temperature and force is examined by calculating the probability distribution of the height from the surface of the vertex at which external force is applied.
description: Preprint 15 pages with 8figures and two tables. The file table-2d.ps and table-3d.ps lists C_N(Ns,h) for given N with all possible Ns and h in two and three dimensions
Polska wieś wobec wyzwań rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w XXI wieku w świetle badań IRWiR PAN w roku 2014 i 2015
Polish Rural Areas Facing Socio-Economic Challenges of the 21st Century in view of Research Conducted in IRWIR PAN in 2014 and 2015
Creators: name: Zawalińska, Katarzyna
name: Śliwowska, Zofia
name: Caliński, Jan
name: Droździel, Katarzyna
name: Michalska, Anna
name: Zawalińska, Katarzyna
name: Śliwowska, Zofia
name: Caliński, Jan
name: Droździel, Katarzyna
name: Michalska, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: obszary wiejskie
subject: rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy
subject: struktura agrarna
subject: ludność wiejska
subject: wiejski rynek pracy
subject: rozwój przestrzenny
subject: wspólna polityka rolna
subject: Farm Bill
subject: rural areas
subject: socio-economic development
subject: agrarian structure
subject: rural population
subject: rural labour market
subject: spatial development
subject: Common Agricultural Policy

description: Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze wnioski z badań statutowych pracowników IRWiR PAN realizowanych w latach 2014–2015. Prowadzone analizy dotyczą kluczowych procesów gospodarczych i społecznych zachodzących na obszarach wiejskich w ostatnich dekadach. Artykuł obejmuje wybrane wnioski na temat: struktury obszarowej sektora gospodarstw indywidualnych, p rzemiany struktur demograficznych, wiejskiego rynku pracy, rozwoju przestrzennego obszarów wiejskich, przeobrażeń społecznych oraz rozwoju instytucjonalnego i organizacyjnego na wsi. Ważnym obszarem badawczym po- dejmowanym w IRWiR PAN jest także ocena ws pólnej polityki rolnej oraz porównanie jej z politykami innych krajów w tym Farm Bill w USA. ----- This article presents the main conclusions from the research conducted by scientists employed in IRWiR PAN in 2014–2015. The analyses conducted address key economic and social processes taking place in rural areas in recent decades. The article contains selected findings on: territorial structure of the individual farms’ sector, changes in demographic structures, the rural labour mark et, spatial development of rural areas, social changes and institutional and organizational development of the countryside. An important area of research undertaken in IRWiR PAN relates to the evaluation of the Common Agricultural Policy and its comparison with policies implemented in other countries, including Farm Bill in the United States.
Hochmoorgrünland in Niedersachsen. — Bestand, Leitbilder und Konzepte des Moorschutzes
Grassland on top of raised bogs in Lower Saxony. — Inventory, models and outlines of peatland protection —
Creators: name: Schmatzler, Eckhard
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1999

description: Nachdem der industrielle Torfabbau sich zunehmend auf das Hochmoorgrünland konzentriert, da hier die einzigen verfügbaren Reserven des Rohstoffes Torf lagern, hat die Diskussion darüber begonnen, welche Bedeutung das Hochmoorgrünland hat. Der Bestand des Hochmoorgrünlandes und die Bedeutung für den Naturschutz werden aufgezeigt und die Erfordernisse für die Erhaltung des Grünlandes einerseits und die Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten andererseits dargestellt. Die Forderung zur Aufstellung von Leitbildern und Konzepten für die Erhaltung bzw. Entwicklung nach Torfabbau wird aufgestellt. Die Chance für die Initiierung einer neuen Moorbildung wird gesehen.
description: The last peat reserves for industrial peat excavation in Germany are grassland on top of raised bogs. Therefore, there is a discussion about the importance of grassland on top of raised bogs. Inventory and importance of peatland protection and the necessity of protection an development of the grassland are described. The demand for models and outlines for protection and development of peatlands after peat excavation are developed. There are chances for revived peat growth indeed.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Capacity of Complexity-Constrained Noise-Free CDMA
Creators: name: Shental, Ori
name: Kanter, Ido
name: Weiss, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An interference-limited noise-free CDMA downlink channel operating under a complexity constraint on the receiver is introduced. According to this paradigm, detected bits, obtained by performing hard decisions directly on the channel's matched filter output, must be the same as the transmitted binary inputs. This channel setting, allowing the use of the simplest receiver scheme, seems to be worthless, making reliable communication at any rate impossible. We prove, by adopting statistical mechanics notion, that in the large-system limit such a complexity-constrained CDMA channel gives rise to a non-trivial Shannon-theoretic capacity, rigorously analyzed and corroborated using finite-size channel simulations.
description: To appear in IEEE Communications Letters
Additional file 3 of The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial
Creators: name: Chávez-Iñiguez, Jonathan S.
name: Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel
name: Sánchez-Villaseca, Sergio
name: Romero-González, Gregorio
name: Font-Yañez, Jorge J.
name: De la Torre-Quiroga, Andrés
name: de Quevedo, Andrés Aranda-G
name: Romero-Muñóz, Alexia
name: Maggiani-Aguilera, Pablo
name: Chávez-Alonso, Gael
name: Gómez-Fregoso, Juan
name: García-García, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplemental Table 3. Urea, electrolytes and acid-base evolution of CRS1 patients according to allocation groups during the study period.
Social and individual factors predicting students’ resilience. A multigroup structural equation model
Creators: name: Kassis, Wassilis
name: Vasiou, Aikaterini
name: Govaris, Christos
name: Favre, Céline Anne
name: Aksoy, Dilan
name: Graf, Ulrike
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Resilience
subject: Resilienz
subject: Schüler*innen
subject: adolescence
subject: Adoleszenz
subject: Schule
subject: school
subject: Self-Determination
subject: Depression
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: We investigated students’ resilience predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. With a two-wave longitudinal sample (n = 713) of students from Greece, Germany, and Switzerland (eighth grade in autumn 2020 and ninth grade in autumn 2021), we determined which social and individual predictors longitudinally predicted resilience before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified the high likelihood of individual factors (self-esteem, self-efficacy) fostering resilience by social factors (teacher, parents, and social resources). Multigroup structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that the adolescent population was best typified by two growth trajectory classes: a low-anxiety class characterized by a low initial level of depression/anxiety and a high-anxiety class characterized by a higher initial level of depression/anxiety. The model was gender-, migration-, and country-invariant. Overall, the model showed that teachers overlook adolescents with high anxiety or depression levels, but parents support them more. These findings highlight the necessity to pay attention to students’ depression or anxiety symptoms and to satisfy their basic psychological needs, as vital prerequisites for their meaningful, coherent engagement in modern societies despite the odds.
Can Renormalization Group Flow End in a Big Mess?
Creators: name: Morozov, Alexei
name: Niemi, Antti J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field theoretical renormalization group equations have many common features with the equations of dynamical systems. In particular, the manner how Callan-Symanzik equation ensures the independence of a theory from its subtraction point is reminiscent of self-similarity in autonomous flows towards attractors. Motivated by such analogies we propose that besides isolated fixed points, the couplings in a renormalizable field theory may also flow towards more general, even fractal attractors. This could lead to Big Mess scenarios in applications to multiphase systems, from spin-glasses and neural networks to fundamental string (M?) theory. We consider various general aspects of such chaotic flows. We argue that they pose no obvious contradictions with the known properties of effective actions, the existence of dissipative Lyapunov functions, and even the strong version of the c-theorem. We also explain the difficulties encountered when constructing effective actions with chaotic renormalization group flows and observe that they have many common virtues with realistic field theory effective actions. We conclude that if chaotic renormalization group flows are to be excluded, conceptually novel no-go theorems must be developed.
description: 40 pages
Interaction-induced topological states of photon pairs
Creators: name: Stepanenko, Andrei A.
name: Gorlach, Maxim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, the concept of topological order relies heavily on the properties of single-particle bands. Only recently it has been realized that interactions can have a dramatic impact on topological properties not only modifying the topology of the bands but also creating a topological order in an otherwise trivial system. Applying an extended version of the Bose-Hubbard model, we investigate a system which, being topologically trivial in the single-particle regime, harbors topologically nontrivial edge and interface states of repulsively bound photon pairs. Whereas binding of the photons in this model is captured by a standard local interaction term, an additional direct two-photon hopping renders the system topologically non-trivial. Besides their interaction-induced origin, predicted two-photon edge states exhibit a range of other unexpected features, including the robustness to collapse of the corresponding bulk band and the ability to coexist with the continuum of two-photon scattering states forming a bound state in the continuum. Performing rigorous calculation of the Zak phase for bound photon pairs, we prove the topological origin of the two-photon edge states.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Differing determinants of disability trends among men and women aged 50 years and older
Creators: name: Chen, Ya-Mei
name: Chiang, Tung-Liang
name: Chen, Duan-Rung
name: Tu, Yu-Kang
name: Yu, Hsiao-Wei
name: Chiu, Wan-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Detailed Descriptions of the Measures (N = 3249). Supplementary Table 2. Descriptive Results and Factor Loadings of Nonlinear Unconditional LGCM for Disability Trends in Four Waves of Survey Data (N = 3429).
Epialtus portoricensis Rathbun 1923
Creators: name: Carmona-Suárez, Carlos
name: Poupin, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Epialtidae
Epialtus
Epialtus portoricensis

description: Epialtus portoricensis Rathbun, 1923
(Fig. 2E)
 Epialtus longirostris forma portoricensis Rathbun, 1923: 72 (type locality: Puerto Rico); 1925: 151 (Puerto Rico).
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Guadeloupe. KARUBENTHOS 2012, 1♀ MNHN-IU-2013-4207 (lot JL518), st. GR 14, 27 m.
 DIAGNOSIS. — Rathbun (1925) for E. longirostris forma portoricensis: differs from typical E. longirostris only in the rostrum being slightly wider and less thick, and the tip slightly arcuate in dorsal view.
 HABITAT. — On the algae Halophila stipulacea on hard bottom of rocks and rubble. Collected 27 m, no depth range reported previously.
 DISTRIBUTION. — Western Atlantic. Puerto Rico and Lesser Antilles ICA (Guadeloupe).
REMARKS
 First record from Guadeloupe and Lesser Antilles and second for the western Atlantic. Type locality is Ensenada Honda Culebra (Puerto Rico). The specific status of this species should be confirmed by examination of more specimens. Based on variations on specimens photographed at St Martin (see Legall & Poupin 2016) it seems that characters retained by Rathbun (1923, 1925) are perhaps not of species level but in the range of morphological variations for Epialtus longirostris. In E. portoricensis the mask pattern on dorsal surface of carapace is almost the same than for E. longirostris (compare Figs 3 D-E).
description: Published as part of Carmona-Suárez, Carlos & Poupin, Joseph, 2016, Majoidea crabs from Guadeloupe Island, with a documented list of species for the Lesser Antilles (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea), pp. 353-387 in Zoosystema 38 (3) on page 356, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n3a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578244
Statistical Floquet prethermalization of the Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla
name: Dentelski, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manipulation of many-body systems often involves time-dependent forces that cause unwanted heating. One strategy to suppress heating is to use time-periodic (Floquet) forces at large driving frequencies. For quantum spin systems with bounded spectra, it was shown rigorously that the heating rate is exponentially small in the driving frequency. Recently, the exponential suppression of heating has also been observed in an experiment with ultracold atoms, realizing a periodically driven Bose-Hubbard model. This model has an unbounded spectrum and, hence, is beyond the reach of previous theoretical approaches. Here, we study this model with two semiclassical approaches valid, respectively, at large and weak interaction strengths. In both limits, we compute the heating rates by studying the statistical probability to encounter a many-body resonance, and obtain a quantitative agreement with the exact diagonalization of the quantum model. Our approach demonstrates the relevance of statistical arguments to Floquet perthermalization of interacting many-body quantum systems.
description: v3 - Added quantitative comparison with numerics; v4 - corrected references; v5 - added an entire new section of weak interactions
WMAP and Supergravity Inflationary Models
Creators: name: Bento, M. C.
name: Santos, N. M. C.
name: Sen, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of N=1 Supergravity inflationary models in which the evolution of the inflaton dynamics is controlled by a single power in the inflaton field at the point where the observed density fluctuations are produced, in the context of the braneworld scenario, in light of WMAP results. In particular, we find that the bounds on the spectral index and its running constrain the parameter space both for models where the inflationary potential is dominated by a quadratic term and by a cubic term in the inflaton field. We also find that $α_s>0$ is required for the quadratic model whereas $α_s<0 $ for the cubic model. Moreover, we have determined an upper bound on the five-dimensional Planck scale, $M_5 \lsim 0.019$ M, for the quadratic model. On the other hand, a running spectral index with $n_s>1$ on large scales and $n_s<1$ on small scales is not possible in either case.
description: 7 pages, 4 eps figures, references corrected, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Leitbilder der Hochmoornutzung und die langfristige Nutzung von Hochmoorgrünland
Aims of raised bog utilization and the long-term use of grassland on raised bog culture
Creators: name: Blankenburg, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1999

description: Hochmoore werden seit mehreren Jahrhunderten in Niedersachsen genutzt. Heute ist die landwirtschaftliche Nutzung als Grünland noch die dominierende Nutzungsform. Infolge der Intensivierung der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung verschlechtern sich die Standorteigenschaften jedoch kontinuierlich. Mögliche Maßnahmen sind: eine extensivere Bewirtschaftung zur Verlangsamung der Prozesse, die Nutzungsaufgabe auf Naturschutzflächen, der Tiefumbruch zur Schaffung sicherer landwirtschaftlicher Produktionsﬂächen und die Abtorfung mit vielfältigen Folgenutzungen.
description: Raised bogs are used for several centuries in Lower Saxony. Today the agricultural use as grassland is still dominating. Due to the more intensive agricultural use, the soil properties get more and more worse. Possible measures against the degradation are: more extensive agricultural use to retard the processes or stopping the agricultural use for conservation or deep ploughing to get suitable agricultural areas or peat excavating with various after uses.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Additional file 2 of Differing determinants of disability trends among men and women aged 50 years and older
Creators: name: Chen, Ya-Mei
name: Chiang, Tung-Liang
name: Chen, Duan-Rung
name: Tu, Yu-Kang
name: Yu, Hsiao-Wei
name: Chiu, Wan-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 1. Disability Trends of Men and Women Over 11 years of study period.
Aging in Spin Glasses in three, four and infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Jimenez, S.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Tarancon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SUE machine is used to extend by a factor of 1000 the time-scale of previous studies of the aging, out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the Edwards-Anderson model with binary couplings, on large lattices (L=60). The correlation function, $C(t+t_w,t_w)$, $t_w$ being the time elapsed under a quench from high-temperature, follows nicely a slightly-modified power law for $t>t_w$. Very tiny (logarithmic), yet clearly detectable deviations from the full-aging $t/t_w$ scaling can be observed. Furthermore, the $t
description: J.P.A special issue on glasses and spin-glasses. Some improvements in citations over printed version
The LGBTQ+ Experience
Creators: name: Arzate, Tiffany
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: 130308 Gender, Sexuality and Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 200205 Culture, Gender, Sexuality
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 200405 Language in Culture and Society (Sociolinguistics)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 209999 Language, Communication and Culture not elsewhere classified
subject: 170105 Gender Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: 190205 Interactive Media
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 160503 Communications and Media Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160301 Family and Household Studies
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 169901 Gender Specific Studies
subject: 160805 Social Change
subject: 160512 Social Policy
subject: 160703 Social Program Evaluation
subject: 160806 Social Theory
subject: 160808 Sociology and Social Studies of Science and Technology
subject: 169999 Studies in Human Society not elsewhere classified
subject: 100599 Communications Technologies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 100509 Video Communications

description: In this commentary essay, you will read about the struggles and proud moments of the LGBTQ+ community. I have inputed some of my opinions as well and do not mean to offend anyone in any way. I wrote this essay for my College English class. Also, I attached the links to where I got some information from.
Übertragung der Energie fahrender Lasten auf Hangmoorböden
Transfer of work of driving loads on a sloping peat soil
Creators: name: Schweikle, Volker
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2016

description: Abstract: On slopes the forces of gravity and acceleration/braking are joined by a force acting down the slope. When moving downhill there is increased shear in the direction of travel under braking and causing a bow wave in front of a wheel; moving up hill there is increased shear against the direction of travel and travelling diagonally to a slope there is asymmetric deformation of the soil. Both friction between load and soil, as well as deformation of the soil, absorb the energy of a moving load and prevent slipping. Driving curves on a slope results in not only friction and deformation in and against, but also lateral to the direction of travel. The importance of traffic, due to the machinery and the style of driving, upon peat soils and the vegetation of mires is discussed.
description: Zusammenfassung: Am Hang wirkt neben Gewichts- und Vortriebskraft noch zusätzlich die Hangabtriebskraft. Dies bedingt im Gefälle hangab höhere Schiebung in Fahrtrichtung durch Bremsverzögerung und einer Bugwelle vor einem Rad; im Gefälle hangauf erhöhte Schiebung und Schlupf gegen die Fahrtrichtung und quer zum Gefälle asymmetrische Verformung des Bodens. Sowohl Reibung zwischen Last und Boden, als auch Verformung des Bodens nehmen die Energie einer fahrenden Last auf und bewahren sie vor dem Abrutschen. Kurven fahren am Hang bedingt neben Reibung in und gegen, auch Reibung und Bodenverformung seitlich zur Fahrtrichtung. Die Bedeutung der Art und Nutzung von Maschinen auf Böden aus Torf und auf die Vegetation im Moor wird diskutiert.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Tyche emarginata White 1847
Creators: name: Carmona-Suárez, Carlos
name: Poupin, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Epialtidae
Tyche
Tyche emarginata

description: Tyche emarginata White, 1847
(Fig. 2K)
 Tyche emarginata White, 1847: 206 (type locality: ‘West Indies’). — A. Milne-Edwards 1873-1880: 126 (Guadeloupe).— Rathbun 1925: 508 (St Thomas, Guadeloupe). — Hernández-Ávila et al. 2007: 44 (Cubagua).
 Platyrinchus trituberculatus Desbonne, in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867: 3 (Guadeloupe).
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Guadeloupe. KARUBENTHOS 2012, 1♂ MNHN-IU-2013-4614 (lot JL1513), 1♀ MNHN-IU-2013-4763 (lot JL1497), st. GS 39, 16 m.
DIAGNOSIS. — Preorbital horns strongly divergent and similar to those of the rostrum. Posterior margin medially notched. Posterior portion of carapace longer than wide.
HABITAT. — On rubble, shell bottoms, aquatic vegetation. Collected 16 m, reported 2- 37 m.
 DISTRIBUTION. — Western Atlantic. North Carolina, Bahamas, Tortugas, Turks, eastern Gulf of Mexico, Colombia, Brazil. Lesser Antilles VI (St Thomas), ICA (Guadeloupe), IOV (Cubagua).
description: Published as part of Carmona-Suárez, Carlos & Poupin, Joseph, 2016, Majoidea crabs from Guadeloupe Island, with a documented list of species for the Lesser Antilles (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea), pp. 353-387 in Zoosystema 38 (3) on page 361, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n3a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578244
On the Ultraviolet Behaviour of Newton's constant
Creators: name: Percacci, Roberto
name: Perini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify a point concerning the ultraviolet behaviour of the Quantum Field Theory of gravity, under the assumption of the existence of an ultraviolet Fixed Point. We explain why Newton's constant should to scale like the inverse of the square of the cutoff, even though it is technically inessential. As a consequence of this behaviour, the existence of an UV Fixed Point would seem to imply that gravity has a built-in UV cutoff when described in Planck units, but not necessarily in other units.
description: 8 pages; CQG class; minor changes and rearrangements
Measuring the risk attitude of decision-makers: are there differences between groups of methods and persons?
Creators: name: Maart-Noelck, Syster C.
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Maart-Noelck, Syster C.
name: Musshoff, Oliver
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: contextualized statements
subject: Holt-and-Laury-lottery
subject: measuring the risk attitude
subject: self-assessment

description: Many studies quantifying individual risk preferences of test persons show that results of different measuring methods may vary. Additional reservations about the reliability of the results regarding the risk attitude measurement arise from the fact that most studies are based on convenience groups, such as students or businessmen in developing countries. With this in mind, we systematically compare different measuring methods to answer the question how the choice of method affects the results. Moreover, we compare the risk preferences of German farmers with those of students and Kazakhstani farmers to investigate whether farmers’ risk preferences can be approximated through those of convenience groups. The methods applied comprise an incentive-compatible Holt-and-Laury-lottery as well as two psychometric methods. Results show that students respond consistently across all three elicitation methods whereas German and Kazakhstani farmers are more inconsistent. Significant differences exist in the responses of German students and German farmers. The comparison of risk preferences between German and Kazakhstani farmers, however, reveals significant similarities with respect to the psychometric methods.
Additional Methods and Analysis from Social norms and cultural diversity in the development of third-party punishment
Creators: name: House, Bailey R.
name: Kanngiesser, Patricia
name: H. Clark Barrett
name: Yilmaz, Süheyla
name: Smith, Andrew Marcus
name: Sebastian-Enesco, Carla
name: Erut, Alejandro
name: Silk, Joan B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This document contains additional details about the sample, field sites, experimental methods and protocols, and further analyses.
Valuing quality attributes of Australian merino wool
Creators: name: Nolan, Elizabeth
name: Farrell, Terence
name: Ryan, Madeleine
name: Gibbon, Candice
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Nolan, Elizabeth
name: Farrell, Terence
name: Ryan, Madeleine
name: Gibbon, Candice
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: hedonic pricing
subject: wool
subject: wool attributes

description: We measure the relationship between clean prices of individual lots of wool sold at auction and a range of characteristics of the raw wool. Based on the data for 111,440 fleece lots sold in the 2008–2009 auction season, five hedonic models are estimated to determine the premiums and discounts associated with each wool characteristic in five micron categories. Several wool characteristics exhibited significant nonlinear relationships, and therefore, joint density functions were assessed where appropriate. The results indicate that fibre diameter has the greatest influence on price in all markets. Brand contamination, higher levels of unscourable colour and vegetable matter contamination were found to negatively influence price.
Does timing matter? A real options experiment to farmers’ investment and disinvestment behaviours
Creators: name: Ihli, Hanna J.
name: Maart-Noelck, Syster C.
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Ihli, Hanna J.
name: Maart-Noelck, Syster C.
name: Musshoff, Oliver
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: disinvestment
subject: experimental economics
subject: inertia
subject: investment
subject: real options

description: In this article, we analyse the (dis)investment behaviour of farmers in a within-subject designed experiment. We ascertain whether, and to what extent, the real options approach (ROA) and the classical investment theory can predict farmers’ (dis) investment behaviour. We consider a problem of optimal stopping, stylising an option to (dis)invest in agricultural technology. Our results show that both theories do not explain exactly the observed (dis)investment behaviour. However, some evidence was found that the ROA predicted the decision behaviour of farmers better than the classical investment theory. Moreover, we found that farmers learn from repeated investment decisions and consider the value of waiting over time. Socio-demographic and farm-specific variables also affect the (dis)investment behaviour of farmers.
A Sub-Solar Metallicity Progenitor for Cassiopeia A, the remnant of a Type IIb Supernova
Creators: name: Sato, Toshiki
name: Yoshida, Takashi
name: Umeda, Hideyuki
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Ono, Masaomi
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Hirai, Ryosuke
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Williams, Brian J.
name: Maeda, Yoshitomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report, for the first time, the detection of the Mn-K$α$ line in the Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) remnant, Cassiopeia A. Manganese ($^{55}$Mn after decay of $^{55}$Co), a neutron-rich element, together with chromium ($^{52}$Cr after decay of $^{52}$Fe), is mainly synthesized at the explosive incomplete Si burning regime. Therefore, the Mn/Cr mass ratio with its neutron excess reflects the neutronization at the relevant burning layer during the explosion. Chandra's archival X-ray data of Cassiopeia A indicate a low Mn/Cr mass ratio with values in the range 0.10--0.66, which, when compared to one-dimensional SN explosion models, requires that the electron fraction be 0.4990 $\lesssim Y_{\rm e} \lesssim$ 0.5 at the incomplete Si burning layer. An explosion model assuming a solar-metallicity progenitor with a typical explosion energy ($1 \times 10^{51}$ erg) fails to reproduce such a high electron fraction. In such models, the explosive Si-burning regime extends only to the Si/O layer established during the progenitor's hydrostatic evolution; the $Y_e$ in the Si/O layer is lower than the value required by our observational constraints. We can satisfy the observed Mn/Cr mass ratio if the explosive Si-burning regime were to extend into the O/Ne hydrostatic layer, which has a higher $Y_{\rm e}$. This would require an energetic ($> 2 \times 10^{51}$ erg) and/or asymmetric explosion of a sub-solar metallicity progenitor ($Z \lesssim 0.5Z_{\odot}$) for Cassiopeia A. The low initial metallicity can be used to rule out a single-star progenitor, leaving the possibility of a binary progenitor with a compact companion (white dwarf, neutron star or black hole). We discuss the detectability of X-rays from Bondi accretion onto such a compact companion around the explosion site. We also discuss other possible mass-loss scenarios for the progenitor system of Cassiopeia A.
description: 13 pages, 5 figure. Accepted for publication in ApJ. minor changes
Additional file 1 of Charting the evidence for climate change impacts on the global spread of malaria and dengue and adaptive responses: a scoping review of reviews
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Manisha A.
name: Duguay, Claudia
name: Ost, Katarina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
The evolution of foreign wine demand in China
Creators: name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Leister, Amanda M.
name: McPhail, Lihong
name: Chen, Wei
name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Leister, Amanda M.
name: McPhail, Lihong
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: China
subject: demand analysis
subject: imports
subject: rolling regression
subject: Rotterdam model
subject: wine

description: We estimate source-differentiated wine demand in China using the absolute price version of the Rotterdam demand system. Within the last decade, China has gone from obscurity to an important participant in global wine trade. The continual growth of Chinese wine imports suggests that a one-time structural shift approach may not fully capture how consumption patterns or demand preferences have changed over time. Thus, a rolling or moving regression procedure is used to account for continual adjustments in import demand patterns and to evaluate overall parameter instability. Our results confirm that Chinese consumers hold French wine in high regard and that French wine demand has consistently increased over the last decade, more than any other exporting source. Consumers in China have gone from allocating about 1/3 to over 1/2 of every dollar to French wine and the expenditure elasticity for French wine mostly increased while the market was expanding. Although Australian wine has a very solid standing in the Chinese market, results suggest that its market share will likely remain unchanged. Marginal budget share and expenditure elasticity estimates indicate that Australia will continue to account for about 20 per cent of the foreign wine market in China.
Thersandrus compressus
Creators: name: Carmona-Suárez, Carlos
name: Poupin, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Majidae
Thersandrus
Thersandrus compressus

description: Thersandrus compressus
 (Desbonne in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867) (Fig. 8M)
 Sisyphus compressus Desbonne, in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867: 20 (type locality: Guadeloupe). — A. Milne-Edwards 1873-1880: 124 (Guadeloupe).
 Thersandrus compressus – Rathbun 1925: 343 (Guadeloupe).
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Guadeloupe. KARUBENTHOS 2012, 1♀ juv. MNHN-IU-2013-5915 (lot JL522), st. GR 14, 27 m.
DIAGNOSIS. — Carapace depressed. Rostral horns small. Antennae and ambulatory legs fringed with long hair.
 HABITAT. — A crab mimetic on algae (Avrainvillea sp.). Collected 27 m, reported previously 3-6 m (2-3 fathoms).
 DISTRIBUTION (Rathbun, 1925). — Western Atlantic. Cuba. Lesser Antilles ICA (St Martin*, Guadeloupe, Martinique **).*St Martin from unpublished fieldwork (UF32558, 26.IV.2012 coll. & photo A. Anker/G. Paulay). ** Martinique from unpublished fieldwork (coll. R. Ferry, Y. Buske, det. J. Poupin XI.2015, BIOSPHERE (n°17) specimen at University of Fort de France).
REMARK
This crab is remarkably flat.
description: Published as part of Carmona-Suárez, Carlos & Poupin, Joseph, 2016, Majoidea crabs from Guadeloupe Island, with a documented list of species for the Lesser Antilles (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea), pp. 353-387 in Zoosystema 38 (3) on page 378, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n3a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578244
Elasticity of Jammed Packings of Sticky Disks
Creators: name: Koeze, Dion J.
name: Hong, Lingtjien
name: Kumar, Abhishek
name: Tighe, Brian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous soft materials jam into an amorphous solid at high packing fraction. This non-equilibrium phase transition is best understood in the context of a model system in which particles repel elastically when they overlap. Recently, however, it was shown that introducing any finite amount of attraction between particles changes the universality class of the transition. The properties of this new ``sticky jamming'' class remain almost entirely unexplored. We use molecular dynamics simulations and scaling analysis to determine the shear modulus, bulk modulus, and coordination of marginal solids close to the sticky jamming point. In each case, the behavior of the system departs sharply and qualitatively from the purely repulsive case.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sur les algèbres vertex attachées aux variétés algébriques
Creators: name: Schechtman, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69, 57R20

description: Sganarelle: ... Mais encore faut-il croire quelque chose dans le monde: qu'est-ce donc que vous croyez? Dom Juan: Ce que je crois? Sganarelle: Oui. Dom Juan: Je crois que deux et deux sont quatre, Sganarelle, et que quatre et quatre sont huit. [Molière, Dom Juan] One dicusses sheaves of vertex algebras over smooth varieties and their connections with characteristic classes.
Zur Entwicklung der Heidemoore am Nordhümmling in Niedersachsen
The development of the >>Heidemoore<< at the northern Hümrnling, Lower Saxony, FRG
Creators: name: Eggelsmann, Rudolf
name: Blankenburg, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1990

description: Am Beispiel des "Leegmoores" im Timpemoor - einem ehemaligen "Heidemoor" - wurde auf Grund von boden- und moorkundlichen Untersuchungen sowie von landeskundlich-historischen Recherchen die Entwicklung der Heidemoore überprüft. Dazu wurden erstmalig die flächenhaften Verluste an Moorsubstanz durch - wiederholte Moorbrandkultur, - Entnahme von Heidesoden (Abplaggen) und - Winderosion qualitativ und quantitativ erfaßt, dazu die Moorsackung errechnet. Aus den vorhandenen moorkundlichen Fakten konnte das natürliche Moorrelief des Timpemoores rekonstruiert werden. Die Autoren weisen nach, daß die von JONAS (1934, 1935) beschriebenen Heidemoore "durch den Menschen beeinflußte Moore" darstellen. Das untersuchte Timpemoor hat sich danach im Verlauf mehrerer Jahrhunderte aus einem natürlichen gewölbten Hochmoor gebildet.
description: On the basis of pedological, peatland and historical investigations the origin of raised bogs with heather vegetation ("Heidemoore")was examined at the example "Leegmoor", a part of the "Timpemoor". In addition to that for the first time the loss of peat substance by - burnt-over peatland cultivation, - cutaway heather sods, - erosion by wind and - bog subsidence was calculated. With the available peatland facts it was possible to reconstruct the natural bog relief. The authors are able to demonstrate that the "Heidemoore" described by JONAS (1934, 1935) are bogs influenced by man. During the last centuries the Timpemoor developed from a natural raised bog (with convex centre) to a raised bog with heather vegetation.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
description: research
Cost-effective regulation of nonpoint emissions from pastoral agriculture: a stochastic analysis
Creators: name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Romera, Alvaro J.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Romera, Alvaro J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agricultural policy
subject: mathematical programming
subject: natural resource policy
subject: operations research
subject: water management & policy

description: Nutrient emissions from pastoral agriculture are a global cause of declining water quality. Their management is complicated through variability arising from climate and soil influences. This paper compares the implications of input-based policies and direct restrictions on leaching to achieve 10 and 20 per cent reductions in nitrogen (N) load, in the context of pasture-based New Zealand dairy farms. The most important mitigation practices on these farms are de-intensification (involving reductions in N fertiliser application and stocking rate) and the application of nitrification inhibitors. A stylised conceptual model, incorporating both sources of variability, is used to identify the implications of alternative policies. Direct restriction of estimated N leaching is the most cost-effective policy to reduce N leaching by 10 and 20 per cent. These results indicate the general insufficiency of input-based mechanisms for water quality improvement, given the low correlation between input use and leaching, possible substitution with unrestricted inputs and their failure to motivate the use of mitigation strategies. Additionally, model output indicates that inherent variability in water quality, mainly due to climate influences, can dominate the benefits of regulatory action in any given year.
Multi-Wave band Synchrotron Polarization of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Creators: name: Shimoda, Jiro
name: Toma, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-wave band synchrotron linear polarization of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows is studied under the assumption of an anisotropic turbulent magnetic field with a coherence length of the plasma skin-depth scale in the downstream of forward shocks. We find that for typical GRBs, in comparison to the optical polarization, the degree of radio polarization shows a similar temporal evolution but a significantly smaller peak value. This results from differences in observed intensity image shapes between the radio and optical bands. We also show that the degree of the polarization spectrum undergoes a gradual variation from the low- to the high-polarization regime above the intensity of the spectral peak frequency, and that the difference in polarization angles in the two regimes is zero or 90 degrees. Thus, simultaneous multi-wave band polarimetric observations of GRB afterglows would be a new determinative test of the plasma-scale magnetic field model. We also discuss theoretical implications from the recent detection of radio linear polarization in GRB 171205A with ALMA and other models of magnetic field configuration.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, revised version of 2, accepted by ApJ in publication
Influence of fluctuations in actin structure on myosin V step size
Creators: name: Vilfan, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the influence of disorder in the helical actin structure on the myosin V step size, predicted from the elastic lever arm model. We show that fluctuations of +-5 degrees per actin subunit, as proposed by Egelman et al., significantly alter the distribution of step sizes and improve the agreement with experimental data.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Chem. Inf. Model