cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Amoebas and Instantons
Creators: name: Maeda, Takashi
name: Nakatsu, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a statistical model of random plane partitions. The statistical model has interpretations as five-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills on $\mathbb{R}^4\times S^1$ and as Kähler gravity on local SU(N) geometry. At the thermodynamic limit a typical plane partition called the limit shape dominates in the statistical model. The limit shape is linked with a hyperelliptic curve, which is a five-dimensional version of the SU(N) Seiberg-Witten curve. Amoebas and the Ronkin functions play intermediary roles between the limit shape and the hyperelliptic curve. In particular, the Ronkin function realizes an integration of thermodynamical density of the main diagonal partitions, along one-dimensional slice of it and thereby is interpreted as the counting function of gauge instantons. The radius of $S^1$ can be identified with the inverse temperature of the statistical model. The large radius limit of the five-dimensional Yang-Mills is the low temperature limit of the statistical model, where the statistical model is frozen to a ground state that is associated with the local SU(N) geometry. We also show that the low temperature limit corresponds to a certain degeneration of amoebas and the Ronkin functions known as tropical geometry.
description: 58 pages, 28 figures, references added
Additional file 1 of Effects of calcium level and source, formic acid, and phytase on phytate degradation and the microbiota in the digestive tract of broiler chickens
Creators: name: Krieg, Jochen
name: Borda-Molina, Daniel
name: Siegert, Wolfgang
name: Sommerfeld, Vera
name: Chi, Yung Ping
name: Taheri, Hamid Reza
name: Feuerstein, Dieter
name: Camarinha-Silva, Amélia
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Growth performance. Table S2. Crop content and ileum digesta pH. Table S3. PERMANOVA of the microbial community in crop content and ileum digesta. Table S4. Relative abundance of OTUs in the crop content. Table S5. Relative abundance of OTUs in the ileum digesta. Table S6. Correlation between OTUs in the crop content and other measured traits. Table S7. Correlation between OTUs in the ileum content and other measured traits. Table S8. Influences on genes assigned to P-related pathways in crop content and ileum digesta. Table S9. Influences on genes assigned to enzymes related to inositol phosphate and myo-inositol degradation in crop content and ileum digesta. Table S10. InsP6 disappearance and prececal P digestibility. Table S11. InsP6, lower inositol phosphate isomers, and myo-inositol in the crop content. Table S12. InsP6, lower inositol phosphate isomers, and myo-inositol in the gizzard digesta. Table S13. InsP6, lower inositol phosphate isomers, and myo-inositol in the ileum digesta. Table S14. Composition of the experimental diets. Table S15. Analyses of experimental diets. Figure S1. Cluster analysis similarity in crop content and ileum digesta. Figure S2. Relationship crop pH and relative abundance of OTU2 in the crop content. Figure S3. Relation between the relative abundances of OTU1 and OTU2 with other measured traits.
Logic Constrained Pointer Networks for Interpretable Textual Similarity
Creators: name: Maji, Subhadeep
name: Kumar, Rohan
name: Bansal, Manish
name: Roy, Kalyani
name: Goyal, Pawan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Systematically discovering semantic relationships in text is an important and extensively studied area in Natural Language Processing, with various tasks such as entailment, semantic similarity, etc. Decomposability of sentence-level scores via subsequence alignments has been proposed as a way to make models more interpretable. We study the problem of aligning components of sentences leading to an interpretable model for semantic textual similarity. In this paper, we introduce a novel pointer network based model with a sentinel gating function to align constituent chunks, which are represented using BERT. We improve this base model with a loss function to equally penalize misalignments in both sentences, ensuring the alignments are bidirectional. Finally, to guide the network with structured external knowledge, we introduce first-order logic constraints based on ConceptNet and syntactic knowledge. The model achieves an F1 score of 97.73 and 96.32 on the benchmark SemEval datasets for the chunk alignment task, showing large improvements over the existing solutions. Source code is available at https://github.com/manishb89/interpretable_sentence_similarity
description: Accepted at IJCAI 2020 Main Track. Sole copyright holder is IJCAI, all rights reserved. Available at https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/2020/333
Additional file 2 of The gut mycobiota of rural and urban individuals is shaped by geography
Creators: name: Mubanga Hellen Kabwe
name: Surendra Vikram
name: Khodani Mulaudzi
name: Jansson, Janet K.
name: Makhalanyane, Thulani P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 2. Results from the partition of variance analysis in RDA
Broad line region and black hole mass of PKS 1510-089 from spectroscopic reverberation mapping
Creators: name: Rakshit, Suvendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reverberation results of a flat spectrum radio quasar PKS 1510-089 are presented from 8.5-years long spectroscopic monitoring carried out in 9 observing seasons between December 2008 to June 2017 at Steward Observatory. Optical spectra show strong H$β$, H$γ$, and Fe II emission lines overlaying on a blue continuum. All the continuum and emission line light curves show significant variability with a fractional root-mean-square variation of $37.30\pm0.06$% ($f_{5100}$), $11.88\pm0.29$% (H$β$) and $9.61\pm0.71$% (H$γ$), however, along with thermal radiation from accretion disk non-thermal emission from jet also contribute to $f_{5100}$. Several methods of time series analysis (ICCF, DCF, von Neumann, Bartels, JAVELIN, $χ^2$) are used to measure lag between continuum and line light curves. The observed frame BLR size is found to be $61.1^{+4.0}_{-3.2}$ ($64.7^{+27.1}_{-10.6}$) light-days for H$β$ (H$γ$). Using $σ_{\mathrm{line}}$ of $1262\pm247$ km s$^{-1}$ measured from the rms spectrum, the black hole mass of PKS 1510-089 is estimated to be $5.71^{+0.62}_{-0.58} \times 10^{7} M_{\odot}$.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Structure of Certain Chebyshev-type Polynomials in Onsager's Algebra Representation
Creators: name: Roan, Shi-shyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39A10; 33E30; 82B20

description: In this report, we present a systematic account of mathematical structures of certain special polynomials arisen from the energy study of the superintegrable $N$-state chiral Potts model with a finite number of sizes. The polynomials of low-lying sectors are represented in two different forms, one of which is directly related to the energy description of superintegrable chiral Potts $\ZZ_N$-spin chain via the representation theory of Onsager's algebra. Both two types of polynomials satisfy some $(N+1)$-term recurrence relations, and $N$th order differential equations; polynomials of one kind reveal certain Chebyshev-like properties. Here we provide a rigorous mathematical argument for cases $N=2, 3$, and further raise some mathematical conjectures on those special polynomials for a general $N$.
description: 18 pages, Latex ; Typos corrected, Small changes for clearer presentation
A Market-Oriented Approach for Multiple Objective Optimization in Agro-Ecological Land Use Planning
Creators: name: Agrell, Per J.
name: Agrell, Per J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: decision analysis
subject: multicriteria decision making
subject: integrated land-use planning and management
subject: decision support systems

description: The development of a third world country requires a conscious balance between different planning and policy issues, such as population growth rate, gross national income, self reliance and long-term sustainable ecological development. This paper reports on a cross-disciplinary project to design a decision support system (DSS) that aims to assist government policy makers in planning the regional agricultural development of the Bungoma region in Kenya. Contrary to previous research, which has taken the perspective of a central planner and a static market, this model extends the scope by introducing the market mechanisms and price subsidies. The model is based on the Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) model, a previously developed non-interactive optimization model that provides an agro-ecological and economic assessment of various types of land uses, including cash-crops, food production, grazing, forestation and farming. This paper maintains the decision analytic scope of the AEZ model to explicitly incorporate a multicriteria decomposition optimization formulation that facilitates a direct trade-off analysis between the various decision criteria within a user-interactive decision support modeling framework. The model uses in-depth information about the Bungoma region, extracted from a large scale FAO database on Kenya that includes information on various climate and soil characteristics (e.g., thermal and moisture regime, soil type, slope class) and socio-economic data (e.g., projected growth rate and product demand patterns) for 90,000 agro-ecological cells. At each stage of the analysis, our system offers the decision maker several alternative planning strategies with different suggested land uses for over 100 different types of crops, fuelwood and livestock land utilization types of evaluation, allowing the decision maker to take into account trade-offs between a number of planning and policy criteria, including food output, net revenue, gross value of output, self sufficiency, production costs, arable land use and degree of erosion.
Additional file 2 of Circulating proteins associated with allergy development in infants—an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Stockfelt, Marit
name: Mun-Gwan Hong
name: Hesselmar, Bill
name: Adlerberth, Ingegerd
name: Wold, Agnes E.
name: Schwenk, Jochen M.
name: Anna-Carin Lundell
name: Rudin, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Diagnostic criteria for eczema, asthma, food allergy and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Non-commutative field theory and composite Fermi Liquids in some quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Dong, Zhihuan
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composite Fermi liquid metals arise at certain special filling fractions in the quantum Hall regime and play an important role as parent states of gapped states with quantized Hall response. They have been successfully described by the Halperin-Lee-Read (HLR) theory of a Fermi surface of composite fermions coupled to a $U(1)$ gauge field with a Chern-Simons term. However, the validity of the HLR description when the microscopic system is restricted to a single Landau has not been clear. Here for the specific case of bosons at filling $ν= 1$, we build on earlier work from the 1990s to formulate a low energy description that takes the form of a {\em non-commutative} field theory. This theory has a Fermi surface of composite fermions coupled to a $U(1)$ gauge field with no Chern-Simons term but with the feature that all fields are defined in a non-commutative spacetime. An approximate mapping of the long wavelength, small amplitude gauge fluctuations yields a commutative effective field theory which, remarkably, takes the HLR form but with microscopic parameters correctly determined by the interaction strength. Extensions to some other composite fermi liquids, and to other related states of matter are discussed.
description: clarifications added and typos corrected
Quota Trading and Profitability: Theoretical Models and Applications to Danish Fisheries
Creators: name: Andersen, Jesper Levring
name: Bogetoft, Peter
name: Andersen, Jesper Levring
name: Bogetoft, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
subject: Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQ)
subject: reallocation
subject: technical efficiency
subject: allocative efficiency
subject: fishery

description: Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we provide a framework to analyze the potential gains from quota trading. We compare the industry profit and structure before and after a free trade reallocation of production quotas. The effects of tradable production quotas depend on several technological and behavioral characteristics, including the ability to learn best practice (catch-up) and the ability to change the input and output composition (mix). To illustrate the usefulness of our approach, we analyze a dataset from the Danish fishery. We study the industry profit and structure under each of four sets of technological and behavioral characteristics.
The Bulbus arteriosus of tuna : Form and function
Creators: name: Braun, Marvin Herbert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The bulbus arteriosus, the fourth chamber of the teleost heart, is very similar in structure and function to blood vessels. However, when the inflation properties of the bulbus are compared with those of an artery, a striking difference appears. The pressurevolume loops of arteries are J-shaped, indicating an increasing stiffness with increasing distension. The bulbus pressure-volume curve can best be described as an r-J curve, with an initial sharp rise followed by long plateau phase, and a final upturn following the plateau. This suggests that the bulbus has a high initial stiffness that decreases as volume increases before rising again at high distensions. To analyse the cause of this inflation behaviour, 1 utilised light microscopy, electron microscopy, mechanical testing of bulbar and arterial walls, and in vivo recordings of diameter and pressure changes of bulbi. The results show that the answer to the bulbus question is multifaceted. The steep initial rise in pressure is due to the geometry of the bulbus. When empty, the bulbus lumen is very small. According to the Law of Laplace, a small radius requires a large pressure increment in order for expansion to occur. As the lumen radius increases, the pressure increments decrease in size. The extremely compliant plateau phase of the bulbar inflation is due to the specialised material properties of the bulbar wall. The combination of a high elastin/collagen ratio, lack of elastic lamellae and specialised elastin result in a decreased elastic modulus (stiffness) within the bulbar wall. Once on the plateau phase of the bulbar inflation, this decreased stiffness allows the bulbus to expand a tremendous amount for small changes in pressure. The tensile tests show that the bulbar material exhibits J-shaped changes in stiffness when stretched and, despite the low modulus, at high extensions, the bulbar material can become quite stiff, resulting in the final rise in stiffness seen in inflation. The inflation behaviour of the bulbus allows to it function as an exceptional pressure and volume reservoir, mimicking the Windkessel effects o f a much longer arterial tree.
Additional file 1 of Not there yet: using data-driven methods to predict who becomes costly among low-cost patients with type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Lauffenburger, Julie C.
name: Mufaddal Mahesri
name: Niteesh K. Choudhry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix Figure 1. Study Design. Appendix Table 1. List of medications for diabetes. Appendix Figure 2. Percentiles of diabetes-specific spending in the baseline year. Appendix Table 2. Patient eligibility criteria. Appendix Figure 3. Trajectory modeling of two-year diabetes-specific spending using other numbers of groups. Appendix Table 3. Predicted probabilities for each trajectory group. Appendix Figure 4. Baseline monthly mean diabetes spending by trajectory group assignment spanning the baseline year and two follow-up years. Appendix Figure 5. Relative influence of variables for predicting group membership for models including diabetes-specific and potentially-modifiable predictors (all predictors shown). Appendix Figure 6. Two-year diabetes spending patterns using trajectory modeling: 40% cutpoint for determining low spending levels at baseline. Appendix Table 4. Ability of models to predict two-year diabetes spending trajectory groups: 40% cutpoint
3D Polarized Modulation: System Analysis and Performance
Creators: name: Henarejos, Pol
name: Pérez-Neira, Ana I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present a novel modulation technique for dual polarization communication systems, which reduces the error rate compared with the existent schemes. This modulation places the symbols in a 3D constellation, rather than the classic approach of 2D. Adjusting the phase of these symbols depending on the information bits, we are able to increase the bit rate. Hence, the proposed scheme conveys information by selecting both polarization state and the phase of radiated electromagnetic wave. We also analyse the performance of 3D Polarized Modulation (PMod) for different constellation sizes and we obtain a curve of rate adaptation. Finally, we compare the proposed 3D PMod with other existing schemes such as single polarization Phase Shift Keying (PSK) and double polarization Vertical Bell Laboratories Layer Space-Time (V-BLAST), both carrying the same number of information bits. The results show that 3D PMod always outperforms all other schemes, except for low order modulation. Therefore, we can conclude that 3D PMod is an excellent candidate for medium and high modulation order transmissions.
Detection of Six Transneptunian Binaries with NICMOS: A High Fraction of Binaries in the Cold Classical Disk
Creators: name: Stephens, D. C.
name: Noll, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed a homogeneous set of observations of eighty-one transneptunian objects obtained with the NIC2 camera on the Hubble Space Telescope with the goal of identifying partially resolved binaries. Using PSF-fitting we have identified six likely binaries in addition to the three new binaries already found in this data set. We find that 11% of transneptunian objects are binaries at separation and brightness limits of the NIC2 camera. The identification of these new binaries significantly increases the known lower limit to the binary fraction among transneptunian objects. The origin of such a high fraction of binaries remains to be determined. Most interestingly, detectable binaries appear to be about four times more common among the cold classical disk than in the dynamically excited populations.
description: Accepted for Publication in the Astronomical Journal, 24 pages
Shape Transition of Nanostructures created on Si(100) surfaces after MeV Implantation
Creators: name: Dey, S.
name: Paramanik, D.
name: Ganesan, V.
name: Varma, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the modification in the Surface morphology of the Si(100) surfaces after 1.5 MeV Sb implantation. Scanning Probe Microscopy has been utilized to investigate the ion implanted surfaces. We observe the formation of nano-sized defect features on the Si surfaces for various fluences. These nanostructures are elliptical in shape and inflate in sizefor higher fluences. Furthermore, these nanostructures undergo a shape transition from an elliptical shape to a circular-like at a high fluence. We will also discuss the modification in surface roughness as a function of Sb fluence.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Single Bid Restriction in Milk Quota Exchanges - Comparing the Danish and the Ontario Exchanges
Creators: name: Bogetoft, Peter
name: Jensen, Peter Max Friis
name: Nielsen, Kurt
name: Olesen, Henrik Ballebye
name: Olsen, Rene H.
name: Bogetoft, Peter
name: Jensen, Peter Max Friis
name: Nielsen, Kurt
name: Olesen, Henrik Ballebye
name: Olsen, Rene H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: quota exchange
subject: single bid
subject: multi-unit
subject: double auctions
subject: efficient trade.

description: This paper analyzes the design of the Danish milk quota exchange. We focus on the restriction that each producer can only submit a single bid (a quantity and a price limit). We argue that this restriction creates inefficiencies for two reasons. First, a single bid cannot express a buyer's downward sloping demand curve (the aggregation effect). Second, the buyers minimize the risk of foregoing profitable trade by submitting their average valuation rather than their marginal valuation of quota (the uncertainty effect). We use data from the (multiple bids) Ontario milk quota exchange, to evaluate the empirical impact of a single bid restriction.
Additional file 3 of Circulating proteins associated with allergy development in infants—an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Stockfelt, Marit
name: Mun-Gwan Hong
name: Hesselmar, Bill
name: Adlerberth, Ingegerd
name: Wold, Agnes E.
name: Schwenk, Jochen M.
name: Anna-Carin Lundell
name: Rudin, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Allergy diagnosis in allergic children at 18 months, 36 months and 8 years of age.
Korean Nova Records in A.D. 1073 and A.D. 1074: R Aquarii
Creators: name: Yang, Hong-Jin
name: Park, Myeong-Gu
name: Cho, Se-Hyung
name: Park, Changbom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R Aqr is known to be a symbiotic binary system with an associated extended emission nebula, possibly produced by a historic outburst. To find the associated historic records, we searched for and compiled all 'Guest Star' and 'Peculiar Star' records in three Korean 'official' history books that cover almost two thousand years, Samguksagi, Goryeosa, Joseonwangjosillok. In addition to the record of A.D. 1073, previously noted by Li (1985), we have found in Goryeosa another candidate record of A.D. 1074, which has the same positional description as that of A.D. 1073 with an additional brightness description. We examined various aspects of the two records and conclude that they both are likely to be the records of outburst of R Aqr. This means that there were two successive outbursts in A.D. 1073 and in A.D. 1074, separated by approximately one year. Based on these records, we estimate the distance to R Aqr to be 273 pc if the expansion of the nebula has been at a constant rate. The brightness record of A.D. 1074 corresponds to the absolute magnitude at outburst of M_(outburst) = -6.2 mag. ~ -5.2 mag. at this distance. The two Korean records associated with R Aqr may provide astronomically meaningful constraints to the outburst model of R Aqr and the formative process of its nebulosity.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 appendix. To appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 1 of Circulating proteins associated with allergy development in infants—an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Stockfelt, Marit
name: Mun-Gwan Hong
name: Hesselmar, Bill
name: Adlerberth, Ingegerd
name: Wold, Agnes E.
name: Schwenk, Jochen M.
name: Anna-Carin Lundell
name: Rudin, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Age related differences in plasma proteins. Exploratory analysis with samples marked based on age, visualized with T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (tSNE).
Additional file 2 of Eye care utilization pattern in South Africa: results from SANHANES-1
Creators: name: Akuffo, Kwadwo Owusu
name: Ronel Sewpaul
name: Natisha Dukhi
name: Akosua Kesewah Asare
name: Kumah, David Ben
name: Addo, Emmanuel Kofi
name: Agyei-Manu, Eldad
name: Reddy, Priscilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Leptogenesis from reheating after inflation and cosmic string decay
Creators: name: Jeannerot, Rachel
name: Postma, Marieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic strings form at the end of standard supersymmetric hybrid inflation, and both inflation and strings contribute to the CMB anisotropies. If the symmetry which is broken at the end of inflation is gauged $B$-$L$, there is a mixed scenario for leptogenesis: Right-handed neutrinos can be produced non-thermally during reheating via inflaton decay as well as via cosmic string decay. We show that the parameter space consistent with CMB data can accommodate either or both scenarios depending on the mass of the right-handed neutrinos.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of The Parental Stress Scale revisited: Rasch-based construct validity for Danish parents of children 2–18 years old with and without behavioral problems
Creators: name: Nielsen, Tine
name: Pontoppidan, Maiken
name: Rayce, Signe Boe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Contains consistency tables with inter-item correlations and item-restscore correlations for each subscale in each subsample.
DEA-Based Incentive Regimes in Health-Care Provision
Creators: name: Agrell, Per J.
name: Bogetoft, Peter
name: Agrell, Per J.
name: Bogetoft, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: regulation
subject: health care systems
subject: efficiency

description: A major challenge to legislators, insurance providers and municipalities will be how to manage the reimbursement of health-care on partially open markets under increasing fiscal pressure and an aging population. Although efficiency theoretically can be obtained by private solutions using fixed-payment schemes, the informational rents and production distortions may limit their implementation. The healthcare agency problem is characterized by (i) a complex multi-input multi-output technology, (ii) information uncertainty and asymmetry, and (iii) fuzzy social preferences. First, the technology, inherently nonlinear and with externalities between factors, yield parametric estimation difficult. However, the flexible production structure in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) offers a solution that allows for the gradual and successive refinement of potentially nonconvex technologies. Second, the information structure of healthcare suggests a context of considerable asymmetric information and considerable uncertainty about the underlying technology, but limited uncertainty or noise in the registration of the outcome. Again, we shall argue that the DEA dynamic yardsticks (Bogetoft, 1994, 1997, Agrell and Bogetoft, 2001) are suitable for such contexts. A third important characteristic of the health sector is the somewhat fuzzy social priorities and the numerous potential conflicts between the stakeholders in the health system. Social preferences are likely dynamic and contingent on the disclosed information. Similarly, there are several potential hidden action (moral hazard) and hidden information (adverse selection) conflicts between the different agents in the health system. The flexible and transparent response to preferential ambiguity is one of the strongest justifications for a DEA-approach. DEA yardstick regimes have been successfully implemented in other sectors (electricity distribution) and we present an operalization of the power-parameter p in an pseudo-competitive setting that both limits the informational rents and incites the truthful revelation of information. Recent work (Agrell and Bogetoft, 2002) on strategic implementation of DEA yardsticks is commented in the healthcare context, where social priorities change the tradeoff between the motivation and coordination functions of the yardstick. The paper is closed with policy recommendations and some areas of further work.
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name: ÐÑÑÐ½Ð´ÑÑÐµÐ², ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸Ð¹
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A market assessment of the potential for OSB products in the North American office furniture and door manufacturing industries
Creators: name: Tabarsi, Erfan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A market study was conducted on the potential for OSB products in the North American office furniture and door manufacturing sectors. It is hoped that the information gathered in this study will aid OSB manufacturers in improving their market situation within the industrial sector. This study also provides OSB manufacturers with some recommendations for marketing strategies to help them improve their product's market position within this highly competitive market. A list of 973 door and 894 office furniture manufacturers across North America were selected using simple random sampling. The adjusted response rate for office furniture and door manufacturers combined gave an outcome of 11.86%. Although this response rate is slightly on the low side, it is sufficient to make inferences onto the population. The two surveys were divided into four main sections: 1) Company Information; 2) Material Used in Doors/Office Furniture; 3) Wood Panels Use in Door/Office Furniture; 4) OSB Use in Door/Office Furniture Manufacturing. Although the focus of this study was to find industrial manufacturers' level of awareness, perception, and use of OSB products, for the sake of comparison, some steps were taken to gather information on competing products, as well. Results of this study clearly show that office furniture manufacturers have higher consumption rates and knowledge of wood-based panel products compared to door manufacturers. On the other hand, door manufacturers seem to have more acceptance of solid wood products over wood-based panel products. The study showed that OSB's market share within the office furniture and door sector was fairly low. There are two possible explanations for this outcome. The first includes industrial manufacturers' low familiarity with OSB products. More than half of the respondents indicated that they had no familiarity with OSB products and its attributes. For those familiar with OSB products, technical problems (please refer to result section) was the main reason for not using the product. Some recommendations have been made to OSB manufacturers in terms of strategies to use to enhance OSB's market position within the industrial marketplace. These include emphasizing on OSB's strengths and improving its technical problems, stabilizing OSB prices, forming partnership with industrial manufacturers and displaying the final products in trade shows and show rooms.
Coassociative 4-folds with Conical Singularities
Creators: name: Lotay, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C38

description: This paper is dedicated to the study of deformations of coassociative 4-folds in a G_2 manifold which have conical singularities. We stratify the types of deformations allowed into three problems. The main result for each problem states that the moduli space is locally homeomorphic to the kernel of a smooth map between smooth manifolds. In each case, the map in question can be considered as a projection from the infinitesimal deformation space onto the obstruction space. Thus, when there are no obstructions the moduli space is a smooth manifold. Furthermore, we calculate a lower bound on the expected dimension of the moduli space. Finally we show that, in weakening the condition on the G_2 structure of the ambient 7-manifold, there is a generic smoothness result for the moduli spaces of deformations corresponding to our second and third problems.
description: 48 pages
Soyedina alexandria Grubbs 2006, sp. n.
Creators: name: Grubbs, Scott A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Nemouridae
Soyedina
Soyedina alexandria

description: Soyedina alexandria sp. n. (Figs. 28–31) Material examined. Holotype ♂ and paratype ♀, U.S.A., Williamson Co., spring into Pinewood Branch, Leipers Fork, West Fork Harpeth River, 4 km W Leipers Fork, 15 March 2003, S. A. Grubbs and D. E. King (INHS); Paratypes, Tennessee: Cheatham Co., spring into unnamed tributary to Harpeth River, 6 km W Ashland City, 1 March 2003, S. A. Grubbs and D. E. King, 2♂, 5♀ (WKU); Sumner Co., spring into Liggett Branch, Station Camp Creek, 6 km SE White House, 1 March 2003, S. A. Grubbs and D. E. King, 6♂, 8♀ (WKU, BYU, INHS); Williamson Co., same as holotype, 1♂, 4♀ (WKU). Male. Forewing length 7.0–7.5 mm; body length 5.0– 5.5 mm. Body color, wings, absence of gills, cerci, hypoproct, and epiproct (Fig. 28) as in S. vallicularia. Paraproct with two lobes; inner lobes small, narrow, and lightly sclerotized; outer lobes noticeably robust and enlarged, darkly sclerotized, broadest at base, narrowed very slightly at distal fourth, apical portion with slightly convex tip, inner and outer shoulders rounded, with outer shoulder raised slightly above inner shoulder (Figs. 29–30). Female. Forewing length 7.5–9.0 mm; body length 5.0–7.0 mm. Body, leg, and wing coloration similar to male. Subgenital plate well‐ developed; base broad, extending from posterior of seventh sternum entirely over eighth sternum and approximately ¼ over ninth sternum; apical portion darker than basal portion and ending in broadly‐ rounded to moderately‐ pointed tip (Fig. 31). Diagnosis. Soyedina alexandria is distinguished from S. vallicularia by the outline of the outer lobe of the paraproct. Although moderately variable in shape, the outer paraproct lobe of S. vallicularia is much narrower in lateral profile than the robust shape exhibited by S. alexandria. The apical portion of the epiproct of S. alexandria is much broader than S. vallicularia. Both the epiprocts and the female subgenital plates of S. alexandria and S. vallicularia are inseparable. The SEM micrograph of the subgenital plate of S. alexandria shows that while this structure may appear more pointed in some specimens, this is simply a manifestation of the outer margins sometimes folding under the plate. Etymology. Soyedina alexandria is named in honor of my daughter Alexandria Arlene.
description: Published as part of Grubbs, Scott A., 2006, Soyedina Alexandria And S. Calcarea (Plecoptera: Nemouridae), New Stonefly Species From The Eastern Nearctic Region And Notes On The Life Cycle Of S. Calcarea., pp. 39-49 in Illiesia 2 (6) on page 43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4754597
Discrimination and Strategic Group Division in Tournaments
Creators: name: Olesen, Henrik Ballebye
name: Olsen, Rene H.
name: Olesen, Henrik Ballebye
name: Olsen, Rene H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The contracts we consider in this paper must solve three problems: moral hazard, insurance and discrimination. The moral hazard problem is that of providing the agents with incentives to perform in a way that maximizes the profit to the principal, when the agent's actions are unobservable. The insurance problem is that of minimizing the cost of risk through risk minimization and risk sharing. The issue of discrimination is that of paying agents with different skills sufficiently to participate, without overcompensating other agents. We show how the principal may benefit from a strategic division of the agents into different tournaments or groups. The optimal number of groups from the principal's point of view is determined through a trade-off between moral hazard, insurance and discrimination issues.
Chiloscyllium Muller & Henle 1837
Creators: name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
name: Starnes, James E.
name: Phillips, George E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Orectolobiformes
Hemiscylliidae
Chiloscyllium

description: Genus Chiloscyllium Müller & Henle, 1837
Type species
Scyllium plagiosum Bennett, 1830, Recent.
description: Published as part of Cicimurri, David J., Ebersole, Jun A., Stringer, Gary L., Starnes, James E. & Phillips, George E., 2025, Late Oligocene fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) from the Catahoula Formation in Wayne County, Mississippi, USA, pp. 1-131 in European Journal of Taxonomy 984 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.984.2851, http://zenodo.org/record/15126034
Optimizing Production under Uncertainty: Generalisation of the State-Contingent Approach and Comparison of Methods for Empirical Application
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Svend
name: Rasmussen, Svend
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Production Economics
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In a recent paper Rasmussen (Rasmussen 2003) derived criteria for optimal production under uncertainty based on the state-contingent approach developed by Chambers and Quiggin (2000). While the criteria in the 2003-paper were derived for the one variable input case, and for different types of input, the present paper generalises the results to the multi-variable input case. It is further shown that with the output-cubical technology as the basic model, any type of input may be analysed as a special case within the general model framework developed. The main part of the paper is devoted to the problems of empirical application of the State-contingent approach. To empirically apply the optimization criteria derived, one needs specific functional forms of both the state-contingent production functions and the utility function based on state-contingent income measures. The paper shortly reviews the empirical approach normally taken when using the well-known Expected Utility (EU) model and this approach is in turn compared to the more general approach potentially available in the state-contingent model. Comparisons show that the potential benefit of the state-contingent approach compared to the expected utility model is limited by the empirical opportunities. Thus, it is unrealistic to expect production functions to be estimated for all possible states of nature. State-contingent production functions therefore, have to be considered as stochastic production functions. In this case, it is not obvious whether the state-contingent approach is better than the expected utility model, and it is proposed that this is further investigated using Monte-Carlo simulation.
Chemical analysis of carbon stars in the Local Group: I. The Small Magellanic Cloud and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: De Laverny, P.
name: Abia, C.
name: Dominguez, I.
name: Plez, B.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Wahlin, R.
name: Eriksson, K.
name: Joergensen, U. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of our ongoing chemical study of carbon stars in the Local Group of galaxies. We used spectra obtained with UVES at the 8.2 m Kueyen-VLT telescope and a new grid of spherical model atmospheres for cool carbon-rich stars which include polyatomic opacities, to perform a full chemical analysis of one carbon star, BMB-B~30, in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and two, IGI95-C1 and IGI95-C3, in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal (Sgr dSph) galaxy. Our main goal is to test the dependence on the stellar metallicity of the s-process nucleosynthesis and mixing mechanism occurring in AGB stars. For these three stars, we find important s-element enhancements with respect to the mean metallicity ([M/H]), namely [s/M]$\approx$+1.0, similar to the figure found in galactic AGB stars of similar metallicity. The abundance ratios derived between elements belonging to the first and second s-process abundance peaks, corresponding to nuclei with a magic number of neutrons N=50 (88Sr, 89Y, 90Zr) and N=82 (138Ba, 139La, 140Ce, 141Pr), agree remarkably well with the theoretical predictions of low mass (M $<3$~M$\_\odot$) metal-poor AGB nucleosynthesis models where the main source of neutrons is the $^{13}$C$(α,n)^{16}$O reaction activated duringthe long interpulse phase, in a small pocket located within the He-rich intershell. The derived C/O and $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratios are, however, more difficult to reconcile with theoretical expectations. Possible explanations, like the extrinsic origin of the composition of these carbon stars or the operation of a non-standard mixing process during the AGB phase (such as the {\it cool bottom process}), are discussed on the basis of the collected observational constraints.
Additional file 3 of Eye care utilization pattern in South Africa: results from SANHANES-1
Creators: name: Akuffo, Kwadwo Owusu
name: Ronel Sewpaul
name: Natisha Dukhi
name: Akosua Kesewah Asare
name: Kumah, David Ben
name: Addo, Emmanuel Kofi
name: Agyei-Manu, Eldad
name: Reddy, Priscilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Technological Change and Economies of Scale in Danish Agriculture
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Svend
name: Rasmussen, Svend
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of technological change and economies of scale in Danish agriculture. The estimation is based on a multi-output, multi-input translog cost function and covers the period 1973-1995. The results show that technological change varied considerably. The average rate of technological change was highest on arable farms (4.0% per year) and lowest on dairy farms (1.0% per year), with pig farms in between (2.2% per year). Alt three farm types showed an increasing trend in technological change over time, and technological changes were typically biased. The elasticity of size was considerably above 1 for both small and large arable farms and dairy farms indicating a considerable economic incentive to increase the farm size. For pig farms only the small farms showed a clear incentive to increase the farm size. The results support the hypothesis that policy measures have had a significant influence on the differences in development within the three farm types analysed.