Piptostigma macrophyllum Ghogue, Sonke &amp; Couvreur, Pl. Ecol. Evol. 150 (2): 199 2017
Creators: name: Couvreur, Thomas L. P.
name: Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.
name: Crozier, Francoise
name: Ghogue, Jean-Paul
name: Hoekstra, Paul H.
name: Kamdem, Narcisse G.
name: Johnson, David M.
name: Murray, Nancy A.
name: Sonke, Bonaventure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Annonaceae
Piptostigma
Piptostigma macrophyllum

description: Piptostigma macrophyllum Ghogue, Sonké &amp; Couvreur, Pl. Ecol. Evol. 150 (2): 199, 2017 Fig. 89; Map 11E Type. Cameroon. South-West Region; above small Koto village (Mt. Cameroon), <i>Thomas D.W. 4493</i>, 6 Mar 1985: holotype: YA[YA0002852]; isotypes: MO[MO3282523]; P[P00284016]. Description. Tree, 5-10 m tall, d.b.h. 10-20 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent. Indumentum of simple hairs; old leafless branches glabrous, young foliate branches pubescent. Leaves: petiole 6-7 mm long, 3-4 mm in diameter, pubescent, cylindrical, blade inserted on top of the petiole; blade 25-41 cm long, 9-16 cm wide, <b>obovate</b>, apex acuminate, acumen ca. 2.5 cm long, base acute, papyraceous, below glabrous when young and old, above sparsely pubescent when young, sparsely pubescent when old, discolorous, whitish below; midrib impressed, above glabrous when young and old, below sparsely pubescent when young and old; secondary veins 21 to 28 pairs, glabrous above; tertiary venation percurrent. Individuals bisexual; inflorescence cauliflorous or ramiflorous on old leafless branches, axillary, pubescent all over, peduncle like base 5-10 mm long, axial internodes 5-15 mm long, compact to sub-lax, sympodial rachis up to 70 mm long. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, <b>3 to 6 per inflorescence</b>; <b>pedicel 8-10 mm long</b>, ca. 2 mm in diameter, tomentose; in fruit 10-12 mm long, ca. 4 mm in diameter, glabrous; basal bract ca. 12 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide; upper bract ca. 12 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, free, ca. 9 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, brown, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, margins flat; petals free, outer petals shorter than inner; outer petals 3, 9-15 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, narrowly elliptic, apex acute, base truncate, margins flat, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; inner petals 3, valvate, 25-35 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, margins wavy, pubescent outside, pubescent inside; stamens numerous, in 6 to 8 rows, 1-2 mm long, broad; connective discoid, glabrous, red; staminodes absent; carpels free, ca. 5, ovary ca. 3 mm long, stigma globose, densely pubescent. Monocarps sessile, 1 to 3, ca. 33 mm long, ca. 35 mm in diameter, globose, apex rounded, glabrous, <b>verrucose to muricate with short projections, not ribbed, light red pink when ripe</b>; seeds 2 to 4 per monocarp, 10-15 mm long, ca. 12 mm in diameter, ellipsoid; aril absent. Distribution. endemic to Cameroon, known from the South, Littoral and South-West regions. Habitat. A rare species; in primary or secondary lowland or premontane rain forests on black volcanic soils, sometimes in plantations. Altitude 550-1000 m a.s.l. Local and common names known in Cameroon. None recorded. IUCN conservation status. Vulnerable B2ab(iii,iv) (Cosiaux et al. 2019a l). Uses in Cameroon. None reported. Notes. <i>Piptostigma macrophyllum</i> is morphologically close to <i>P. pilosum</i> by the large size and papery consistency of its leaf blade. However, the leaf blades of <i>P. pilosum</i> are mostly oblong or elliptic and only exceptionally narrowly obovate like those of <i>P. macrophyllum</i>. The inflorescences of <i>P. pilosum</i> are also less compact and less pubescent than those of <i>P. macrophyllum</i>. The monocarps of <i>P. macrophyllum</i> strongly resemble those of <i>P. multinervium</i> and <i>P. macranthum</i> being muricate to verrucose in texture with short projections. <i>Piptostigma macrophyllum</i> is distinguished from <i>P. multinervium</i> by its larger size of the leaf blades (25-41 cm long versus 13-21 cm long in <i>P. multinervium</i>), the lower side of the leaf blades being glabrous between the veins in <i>P. macrophyllum</i> and pubescent in <i>P. multinervium</i>; finally the sepals are narrowly ovate in <i>P. macrophyllum</i> while broadly triangular in <i>P. multinervium</i>. From <i>P. macranthum</i> it is distinguished by the leaves being obovate (versus narrowly oblong to oblong). Specimens examined. <b>Littoral Region</b>: Ebo Forest Reserve Djuma permanent camp on transect 5, 4.33°N, 10.23°E, <i>16 February 2013</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 637 (WAG,YA). <b>South Region</b>: Bord de la Lobé 25 km E Campo, 2.37°N, 9.82°E, <i>01 January 1968</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 9156 (P,YA). <b>South-West Region</b>: Mount Cameroon National Park Bakinguili trail above Bakinguili village, 4.09°N, 9.054°E, <i>02 April 2016</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 1034 (WAG,YA); on trail through palm oil plantation 3 km before lava flow and Seme Beach hotel when coming from Limbe, 4.06°N, 9.079°E, <i>18 October 2013</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 518 (WAG,YA); Entre DikomeBalue (1200 m) et Ifanga Nalende (650 m) 35 km NNW-Kumba, 4.9°N, 9.29°E, <i>25 March 1976</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 14590 (P,YA); Etinde forest reserve Njonji lake, 4.13°N, 9.033°E, <i>25 January 1993</i>, <i>Tchouto Mbatchou G.P.</i> 1053 (K); Disturbed forest Bomana and Koto II, 4.3°N, 9.05°E, <i>26 April 1996</i>, <i>Tchouto Mbatchou G.P.</i> 1378 (K,YA); Mount Cameroon above small Koto village, 4.3°N, 9.1°E, <i>06 March 1985</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 4493 (YA); Between Ikenge and Esukutang ca 6 kms West of Ikenge, 5.28°N, 9.083°E, <i>03 April 1988</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 7645 (YA); Cameroon Mountain, 4.12°N, 9.029°E, <i>20 June 2001</i>, <i>van Andel T.R.</i> 3728 (U,WAG).
description: Published as part of <i>Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207</i> on pages 294-295, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432
description: {"references": ["Cosiaux, A, Couvreur, TLP, Erkens, RHJ, 2019a. Annickia affinis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T132512369A132513599. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T132512369A132513599.en"]}