cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of interference from 16 hemoglobin variants on hemoglobin A1c measurement by five methods
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoling
name: Zeng, Xianwei
name: Zhang, Yonggang
name: Kuang, Wenbin
name: He, Dabao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Hb variants prevalent in China are different from those in other countries. We aimed to assess the interference from Hb variants found in China on HbA1c measurement. All Hb variants were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. HbA1c was measured using a capillary electrophoresis method (Capillarys 3 OCTA), two cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography methods (ADAMS HA-8180V and HLC-723 G8 standard mode), an immunoassay (Cobas c501), and a boronate affinity chromatography method (Premier Hb9210). Premier Hb9210 was used as a comparative method. A total of 16 species of Hb variants were identified in 102 variant carriers. The most common variant was Hb E, followed by Hb Q-Thailand, Hb New York and Hb J-Bangkok. Clinically significant interference was observed for the Capillarys 3 OCTA (two Hb variants), ADAMS HA-8180V (seven Hb variants), HLC-723 G8 (14 Hb variants), and Cobas c501 (two Hb variants). The proportion of unacceptable HbA1c results was 13.7% for Capillarys 3 OCTA, 52.9% for HA-8180V, 83.3% for HLC-723 G8, and 3.9% for Cobas c501. Hb variants in China severely affect the accuracy of some commonly used HbA1c methods.
Epitafio per Dinia
Creators: name: Marucci, Marta
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: The funerary epigram, engraved on a base of white limestone that was found by E. Kirsten in Palairos in 1939, is the oldest from Hellenistic Akarnania. The text, composed of two elegiac couplets, commemorates the warrior Deinias, son of Learchos, who died young fighting against the Aetolians. The palaeographic characteristics of the letters of the inscription allow us to place it at the end of the 4th century BC: this dating seems to be confirmed by elements inside the text and by some historical sources (in particular Diodorus Siculus). The epitaph is an important testimony to local epigrammatic poetry: in fact, although it was made by an anonymous versifier, it appears remarkable both from a poetic (given the presence of formulas and topoi well attested in literature, such as the mourning for the immature mors of the warrior) as well as a linguistic point of view (in fact, forms taken from the Ionic dialect and from the epic can be found).
description: Axon
Universal Dynamics of Heavy Operators in Boundary CFT$_2$
Creators: name: Numasawa, Tokiro
name: Tsiares, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a universal asymptotic formula for generic boundary conditions for the average value of the bulk-to-boundary and boundary Operator Product Expansion coefficients of any unitary, compact two-dimensional Boundary CFT (BCFT) with $c>1$. The asymptotic limit consists of taking one or more boundary primary operators -- which transform under a single copy of the Virasoro algebra -- to have parametrically large conformal dimension for fixed central charge. In particular, we find a \textit{single} universal expression that interpolates between distinct heavy regimes, exactly as in the case of bulk OPE asymptotics\cite{Collier:2019weq}. The expression depends universally on the boundary entropy and the central charge, and not on any other details of the theory. We derive these asymptotics by studying crossing symmetry of various correlation functions on higher genus Riemann surfaces with open boundaries. Essential in the derivation is the use of the irrational versions of the crossing kernels that relate holomorphic Virasoro blocks in different channels. Our results strongly suggest an extended version of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis for boundary OPE coefficients, where the hierarchy between the diagonal and non-diagonal term in the ansatz is further controlled by the boundary entropy. We finally comment on the applications of our results in the context of $\text{AdS}_3/\text{BCFT}_2$, as well as on the recent relation of BCFTs with lower dimensional models of evaporating black holes.
description: 54 pages + refs, 11 figures. v2: added refs, fixed typos
Ethics education in the quantum information science classroom: Exploring attitudes, barriers, and opportunities
Creators: name: Meyer, Josephine
name: Finkelstein, Noah
name: Wilcox, Bethany
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information science (QIS) is an emerging interdisciplinary field at the intersection of physics, computer science, electrical engineering, and mathematics leveraging the laws of quantum mechanics to circumvent classical limitations on information processing. With QIS coursework proliferating across US institutions, including at the undergraduate level, we argue that it is imperative that ethics and social responsibility be incorporated into QIS education from the beginning. We discuss ethical issues of particular relevance to QIS education that educators may wish to incorporate into their curricula. We then report on findings from focus interviews with six faculty who have taught introductory QIS courses, focusing on barriers to and opportunities for incorporation of ethics and social responsibility (ESR) into the QIS classroom. Few faculty had explicitly considered discussion of ethical issues in the classroom prior to the interview, yet instructor attitudes shifted markedly in support of incorporating ESR in the classroom as a result of the interview process itself. Taking into account faculty's perception of obstacles to discussing issues of ESR in coursework, we propose next steps toward making ESR education in the QIS classroom a reality.
description: Submitted to the 2022 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Copyright (C) 2022, American Society for Engineering Education
A Sparse Gaussian Process Framework for Photometric Redshift Estimation
Creators: name: Almosallam, Ibrahim A.
name: Lindsay, Sam N.
name: Jarvis, Matt J.
name: Roberts, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate photometric redshifts are a lynchpin for many future experiments to pin down the cosmological model and for studies of galaxy evolution. In this study, a novel sparse regression framework for photometric redshift estimation is presented. Simulated and real data from SDSS DR12 were used to train and test the proposed models. We show that approaches which include careful data preparation and model design offer a significant improvement in comparison with several competing machine learning algorithms. Standard implementations of most regression algorithms have as the objective the minimization of the sum of squared errors. For redshift inference, however, this induces a bias in the posterior mean of the output distribution, which can be problematic. In this paper we directly target minimizing $Δz = (z_\textrm{s} - z_\textrm{p})/(1+z_\textrm{s})$ and address the bias problem via a distribution-based weighting scheme, incorporated as part of the optimization objective. The results are compared with other machine learning algorithms in the field such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Gaussian Processes (GPs) and sparse GPs. The proposed framework reaches a mean absolute $Δz = 0.0026(1+z_\textrm{s})$, over the redshift range of $0 \le z_\textrm{s} \le 2$ on the simulated data, and $Δz = 0.0178(1+z_\textrm{s})$ over the entire redshift range on the SDSS DR12 survey, outperforming the standard ANNz used in the literature. We also investigate how the relative size of the training set affects the photometric redshift accuracy. We find that a training set of \textgreater 30 per cent of total sample size, provides little additional constraint on the photometric redshifts, and note that our GP formalism strongly outperforms ANNz in the sparse data regime for the simulated data set.
(1012) Ephraim Sanderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
L'iscrizione di Mnesiepes dall’Archilocheion di Paro
Creators: name: Rivoli, Matteo
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: The inscription, dated to the 3rd century BC, was carved on a series of marble blocks, of which only two were recovered. It informs us about the existence, on Paros, of an open-air shrine dedicated to Archilochus. This sacred area, called Ἀρχιλοχείον, was instituted by Mnesiepes, a private citizen who seems to have acted as a representative of the local community, even submitting his project to the approval of Delphi. Despite the fragmentary status of the stones, the text has preserved an important tale about some episodes of the poet’s life, which are displayed also using true metrical quotations.
description: Axon
Epistola relativa a un atto di manomissione con consacrazione a Sarapis
Creators: name: Melloni, Maria Francesca
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: The inscription consists of an official letter, dated to the reign of king Antiochus I, sent by Evandros to Andragoras and Apollodotos, Seleucid officials, regarding the deed of manumission of the slave Hermaios, consecrated to the god Sarapis, and his exposure into the Sarapis sanctuary. The provenance of the stone, photographed by Ghirshman in 1959 in Teheran, is uncertain, however it can be considered Hyrcania, modern Gorgān. Andragoras, one of the addressees, might coincide with Andragoras, the satrap of Parthia and Hyrcania in the middle of the III century BC, defeated by king Arsaces I.
description: Axon
Determination of $α$-optical potential for reactions with p-nuclei from the study of ($α$,n) reactions in the astrophysically relevant energy region
Creators: name: Basak, Dipali
name: Basu, Chinmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical potential parameters in nuclear model calculations are determined by fitting elastic scattering angular distribution data. Due to the dominance of Coulomb part, elastic scattering is performed at much higher energies. A different approach using ($α$,n) reaction is suggested to determine the alpha optical potentials suitable for astrophysically relevant low energy regions. Reaction on p-nuclei in the mass region A $\approx$ 92-168 have been chosen and a modified McFadden-Satchler $α$-optical potential is obtained from fitting the ($α$,n) reaction data. The effect of level density and $γ$-ray strength function is also studied using this new potential by analyzing ($α,γ$) cross-sections.
Top quark Chromoelectric and Chromomagnetic Dipole Moments in a Two Higgs Doublet Model with CP violation
Creators: name: Gaitan, R.
name: Garcés, E. A.
name: de Oca, J. H. Montes
name: Martinez, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the anomalous top quark-gluon couplings Chromoelectric Dipole Moment (CEDM) and Chromomagnetic Dipole Moment (CMDM) in a general THDM with CP violation. We find that this model provides an important contribution from the $Y_{tt}$ Yukawa coupling that needs to be taken into account. The CMDM and CEDM obtained are $-0.03
description: 9 Pages, 2 tables, 4 figures
Towards Non-archimedean Superstrings
Creators: name: Garcia-Compean, Hugo
name: Lopez, Edgar Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An action for a prospect of a $p$-adic open superstring on a target Minkowski space is proposed. The action is constructed for `worldsheet' fields taking values in the $p$-adic field $\mathbb{Q}_p$, but it is assumed to be obtained from a discrete action on the Bruhat-Tits tree. This action is proven to have an analog of worldsheet supersymmetry and the superspace action is also constructed in terms of superfields. The action does not have conformal symmetry, however it is implemented in the definition of the amplitudes. The tree-level amplitudes for this theory are obtained for $N$ vertex operators corresponding to tachyon superfields and a Koba-Nielsen formula is obtained. Finally, four-point amplitudes are computed explicitly and they are compared to previous work on $p$-adic superstring amplitudes.
description: 26 pages, no figures
On the Formation of Elliptical Rings in Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Ting
name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: N-body simulations of galactic collisions are employed to investigate the formation of elliptical rings in disk galaxies. The relative inclination between disk and dwarf galaxies is studied with a fine step of five degrees. It is confirmed that the eccentricity of elliptical ring is linearly proportional to the inclination angle. Deriving from the simulational results, an analytic formula which expresses the eccentricity as a function of time and inclination angle is obtained. This formula shall be useful for the interpretations of the observations of ring systems, and therefore reveals the merging histories of galaxies.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Decreto onorario della città di Ilio per il re Antioco I
Creators: name: La Barbera, Paola Carmela
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: With this decree Ilion’s demos honours king Antiochus I because he made peace in the region disturbed by several rebellions and because of royal evergetism toward the city. The decree first presents Antiochus’ credits and then the manners by which Ilion honours him. The honour seems to be a royal cult: Ilion is ordered to pray gods, especially Athena and Apollon, for the king; to build a gold statue of him; finally to celebrate him during Panathenee. Even though nowadays it is sure that the decree was issued by Ilion and not by Sigeum, scholars still do not agree on the king’s identity (Antiochus I, as traditionally claimed, or Antiochus III). The question implies a new dating and a new interpretation of the historical events presented in the decree.
description: Axon
(1007) Mary (Mercy) Joanna Jowett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Implementing a small media intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening in primary care clinics
Creators: name: Vines, A.I.
name: Godley, P.A.
name: Melvin, C.L.
name: Pierce, H.O.
name: Deal, A.M.
name: Carpenter, W.R.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the USA. In 2017, an estimated 135,420 people were diagnosed with CRC and 50,260 people died from CRC. Several screening modalities are recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), including annual stool tests that are usually completed at home and under-used compared with colonoscopy despite stated patient preferences for an alternative to colonoscopy. The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends use of small media interventions (SMIs) to increase CRC screening and calls for a greater understanding of its independent impact on screening participation. This study tested whether a SMI increased the likelihood of participant return of a USPSTF recommended Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT). In total, 804 individuals participated in a two-group, prospective randomized controlled trial. Descriptive statistics with chi-square tests compared differences in participant characteristics and return rates. Multivariable log-binomial modeling estimated combined effects of patient characteristics with FIT return rates. No differences in return rates were observed overall or by participant characteristics other than the year of enrollment. A multivariable model controlling for all covariates, found gender, insurance type, and regular place for healthcare to be significantly associated with return rates. Receipt of the SMI did not independently increase overall return rates but it may have improved the ease of completing the FIT by some participants, particularly women, those with insurance, and those with a regular place for healthcare.
(1008) Joseph Lees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Method comparison between Alinity hq and Sysmex XT-4000i in an emergency laboratory
Creators: name: Preda, Cristina E.
name: Oprea, Oana R.
name: Manescu, Ion B.
name: Dobreanu, Minodora
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Due to technological advancements, haematology analysers are becoming increasingly more complex. Before introducing new analyzers, laboratories must compare the agreement between the new and the old instruments. This study aimed to quantify the method agreement between Sysmex XT-4000i and Alinity hq analysers in order to establish whether they can be used interchangeably. A total of 415 complete blood counts (CBC) from adult patients of the Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Târgu Mureș, Romania, were analysed within 4 h from the collection on Sysmex XT-4000i (considered the reference method), then on Alinity hq. Statistical analysis consisted of outlier removal, Spearman Correlation, Bland–Altman test, and Passing–Bablok regression. For each CBC parameter, the analytical difference between methods was compared with the Reference Change Value (RCV) at medical decision levels (MDL). Despite using different technologies, the instruments have a good agreement regarding cell differentiation and counting. Cell counting and haemoglobin measurement showed a good agreement at all (Medical Decision Limits) MDLs. The analytical difference between methods surpassed the (Reference Change Value) RCV with 1.2% at the 14% MDL of HCT and with 0.2% at the 100 fL MDL of MCV. This study can not tell whether Sysmex or Alinity is superior, only if the two methods agree. The poorer agreement observed for RBC indices, especially MCHC, suggests an accumulation of differences caused by the different working principles of the two methods. However, it is reasonable to assume that such small differences will not affect clinical decision-making and patient outcome.
Decreto di Afrodisia sul sostegno a Quinto Oppio
Creators: name: Ferraioli, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: The inscription contains a decree with which the city of Aphrodisias promises to provide military aid to the Roman proconsul Oppius, besieged in Laodicea by Mithridates’ troops. The city decides to send immediately ambassadors to the proconsul to inform him of the good disposition of the city towards the Romans and to appoint the stephanophoros Artemidorus as the military head of the contingent of auxiliary troops, which also includes paroikoi and slaves. The text ends with a declaration of absolute loyalty to Rome.
description: Axon
NFV Based Gateways for Virtualized Wireless Sensors Networks: A Case Study
Creators: name: Mouradian, Carla
name: Saha, Tonmoy
name: Sahoo, Jagruti
name: Glitho, Roch
name: Morrow, Monique
name: Polakos, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtualization enables the sharing of a same wireless sensor network (WSN) by multiple applications. However, in heterogeneous environments, virtualized wireless sensor networks (VWSN) raises new challenges such as the need for on-the-fly, dynamic, elastic and scalable provisioning of gateways. Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is an emerging paradigm that can certainly aid in tackling these new challenges. It leverages standard virtualization technology to consolidate special-purpose network elements on top of commodity hardware. This article presents a case study on NFV based gateways for VWSNs. In the study, a VWSN gateway provider, operates and manages an NFV based infrastructure. We use two different brands of wireless sensors. The NFV infrastructure makes possible the dynamic, elastic and scalable deployment of gateway modules in this heterogeneous VWSN environment. The prototype built with Openstack as platform is described.
ОПИСАНИЕ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЕДИНИЦ В ПРЕЦЕДЕНТНЫХ И ФОЛЬКЛОРНЫХ ДИСКУРСАХ
Creators: name: Мамаджанова, Гульмира
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Статья посвящена описанию лингвокультурологических единиц в прецедентных и фольклорных дискурсах. В работе рассматриваются основные методы и подходы к анализу лингвокультурологических единиц, а также приводятся примеры их использования в текстах различных жанров. Выделяются основные характеристики лингвокультурологических единиц и обсуждают их роль в формировании национальной культуры.
Hyperbolic space in the Newtonian limit: the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Castro-Palacio, J. C.
name: de Cordoba, P. Fernandez
name: Torrome, R. Gallego
name: Isidro, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological constant and the Boltzmann entropy of a Newtonian Universe filled with a perfect fluid are computed, under the assumption that spatial sections are copies of 3-dimensional hyperbolic space.
description: 12 pp; refs. added
Nota a Proietti, G. (2019). «La stele dei Megaresi caduti nelle Guerre Persiane». Axon, 3(1), 31-48
Creators: name: Proietti, Giorgia
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description: Axon
(1010) Samuel Jowett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Information from Migratory convergence facilitates cultural transmission of humpback whale song
Creators: name: Owen, Clare
name: Rendell, Luke
name: Constantine, Rochelle
name: Noad, Michael J.
name: Allen, Jenny
name: Andrews, Olive
name: Garrigue, Claire
name: M. Michael Poole
name: Donnelly, David
name: Hauser, Nan
name: Garland, Ellen C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This file contains all Supplementary Results, Tables (S1 - S4), and Figures (S1 - S2).
(1005) Selina [Henshaw]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bonobo fWHR supplementary methods and results from Facial width-to-height ratio is associated with agonistic and affiliative dominance in bonobos (Pan paniscus).
Creators: name: J. S. Martin
name: N. Staes
name: A. Weiss
name: J. M. G. Stevens
name: A. V. Jaeggi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) is associated with social dominance in human and non-human primates, which may reflect the effects of testosterone on facial morphology and behaviour. Given that testosterone facilitates status-seeking motivation, the association between fWHR and behaviour should be contingent on the relative costs and benefits of particular dominance strategies across species and socioecological contexts. We tested this hypothesis in bonobos (Pan paniscus), who exhibit female dominance and rely on both affiliation and aggression to achieve status. We measured fWHR from facial photographs, affiliative dominance with Assertiveness personality scores and agonistic dominance with behavioural data. Consistent with our hypothesis, agonistic and affiliative dominance predicted fWHR in both sexes independent of age and body weight, supporting the role of status-seeking motivation in producing the link between fWHR and socioecologically relevant dominance behaviour across primates.
On the statistical properties and tail risk of violent conflicts
Creators: name: Cirillo, Pasquale
name: Taleb, Nassim Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine statistical pictures of violent conflicts over the last 2000 years, finding techniques for dealing with incompleteness and unreliability of historical data. We introduce a novel approach to apply extreme value theory to fat-tailed variables that have a remote, but nonetheless finite upper bound, by defining a corresponding unbounded dual distribution (given that potential war casualties are bounded by the world population). We apply methods from extreme value theory on the dual distribution and derive its tail properties. The dual method allows us to calculate the real mean of war casualties, which proves to be considerably larger than the sample mean, meaning severe underestimation of the tail risks of conflicts from naive observation. We analyze the robustness of our results to errors in historical reports, taking into account the unreliability of accounts by historians and absence of critical data. We study inter-arrival times between tail events and find that no particular trend can be asserted. All the statistical pictures obtained are at variance with the prevailing claims about "long peace", namely that violence has been declining over time.
Synchronization and Phase Noise Reduction in Micromechanical Oscillators Arrays Coupled through Light
Creators: name: Zhang, Mian
name: Shah, Shreyas
name: Cardenas, Jaime
name: Lipson, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchronization of many coupled oscillators is widely found in nature and has the potential to revolutionize timing technologies. Here we demonstrate synchronization in arrays of silicon nitride micromechanical oscillators coupled purely through optical radiation field. We show that the phase noise of the synchronized oscillators can be improved by almost 10 dB below the phase noise limit for each individual oscillator. These results open a practical route towards synchronized oscillator networks.
Consistency-Regularized Region-Growing Network for Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes with Point-Level Annotations
Creators: name: Xu, Yonghao
name: Ghamisi, Pedram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning algorithms have obtained great success in semantic segmentation of very high-resolution (VHR) images. Nevertheless, training these models generally requires a large amount of accurate pixel-wise annotations, which is very laborious and time-consuming to collect. To reduce the annotation burden, this paper proposes a consistency-regularized region-growing network (CRGNet) to achieve semantic segmentation of VHR images with point-level annotations. The key idea of CRGNet is to iteratively select unlabeled pixels with high confidence to expand the annotated area from the original sparse points. However, since there may exist some errors and noises in the expanded annotations, directly learning from them may mislead the training of the network. To this end, we further propose the consistency regularization strategy, where a base classifier and an expanded classifier are employed. Specifically, the base classifier is supervised by the original sparse annotations, while the expanded classifier aims to learn from the expanded annotations generated by the base classifier with the region-growing mechanism. The consistency regularization is thereby achieved by minimizing the discrepancy between the predictions from both the base and the expanded classifiers. We find such a simple regularization strategy is yet very useful to control the quality of the region-growing mechanism. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed CRGNet significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods. Codes and pre-trained models are available online (https://github.com/YonghaoXu/CRGNet).
14-moment maximum-entropy modelling of collisionless ions for Hall thruster discharges
Creators: name: Boccelli, Stefano
name: McDonald, James G.
name: Magin, Thierry E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ions in Hall effect thrusters are often characterized by a low collisionality. In the presence of acceleration fields and azimuthal electric field waves, this results in strong deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium, introducing kinetic effects. This work investigates the application of the 14-moment maximum-entropy model to this problem. This method consists in a set of 14 PDEs for the density, momentum, pressure tensor components, heat flux vector and fourth-order moment associated to the particle velocity distribution function. The model is applied to the study of collisionless ion dynamics in a Hall thruster-like configuration, and its accuracy is assessed against different models, including the Vlasov kinetic equation. Three test cases are considered: a purely axial acceleration problem, the problem of ion-wave trapping and finally the evolution of ions in the axial-azimuthal plane. Most of this work considers ions only, and the coupling with electrons is removed by prescribing reasonable values of the electric field. This allows us to obtain a direct comparison among different ion models. However, the possibility to run self-consistent plasma simulations is also briefly discussed, considering quasi-neutral or multi-fluid models. The maximum-entropy system appears to be a robust and accurate option for the considered test cases. The accuracy is improved over the simpler pressureless gas model (cold ions) and the Euler equations for gas dynamics, while the computational cost shows to remain much lower than direct kinetic simulations.
(1001) John Henshaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Abnormal improved dielectric in La doped relaxor ferroelectric PNN-PHT
Creators: name: Zhang, Shiyi
name: Zhang, Dongyan
name: Li, Zhimin
name: Wang, Pangpang
name: Murakami, Ri-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relaxor ferroelectrics are complex materials with distinct properties different from classic ferroelectrics. Probing frequency depended dielectric susceptibility is its trait. Other empirical laws build on classic ferroelectrics are still applicable to relaxor ferroelectrics. Here we report an abnormal improved dielectric in La doped relaxor ferroelectric 0.4PNN-0.6PHT, which deviated from the consistent variation relationship with piezoelectric coefficient. A mesoscale mechanism is proposed to reveal the origin of the improved dielectric response in 0.4PNN-0.6PHT, where the polar nanoregions alignment can facilitate polarization response to external field. This mechanism emphasizes the critical role of polarization fluctuation on the macroscopic properties of 0.4PNN-0.6PHT.
Entropy of the Universe and Hierarchical Dark Matter
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relationship between dark matter and the entropy of the universe with the premise that dark matter exists in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) in a hierarchy of mass tiers. The lightest tier are intermediate-mass PIMBHs within galaxies including the Milky Way. Supermassive black holes at galactic centres are in the second tier. We are led to speculate that there exists a third tier of extremely massive PBHs, more massive than entire galaxies. We discuss future observations by the Rubin Observatory and James Webb Space Telescope.
description: 12 pages LaTeX
Bonobo fWHR supplementary methods and results from Facial width-to-height ratio is associated with agonistic and affiliative dominance in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
Creators: name: J. S. Martin
name: N. Staes
name: A. Weiss
name: J. M. G. Stevens
name: A. V. Jaeggi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) is associated with social dominance in human and non-human primates, which may reflect the effects of testosterone on facial morphology and behaviour. Given that testosterone facilitates status-seeking motivation, the association between fWHR and behaviour should be contingent on the relative costs and benefits of particular dominance strategies across species and socioecological contexts. We tested this hypothesis in bonobos (Pan paniscus), who exhibit female dominance and rely on both affiliation and aggression to achieve status. We measured fWHR from facial photographs, affiliative dominance with Assertiveness personality scores and agonistic dominance with behavioural data. Consistent with our hypothesis, agonistic and affiliative dominance predicted fWHR in both sexes independent of age and body weight, supporting the role of status-seeking motivation in producing the link between fWHR and socioecologically relevant dominance behaviour across primates.
Adjusted Haar Wavelet for Application in the Power Systems Disturbance Analysis
Creators: name: Ukil, A.
name: Zivanovic, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abrupt change detection based on the wavelet transform and threshold method is very effective in detecting the abrupt changes and hence segmenting the signals recorded during disturbances in the electrical power network. The wavelet method estimates the time-instants of the changes in the signal model parameters during the pre-fault condition, after initiation of fault, after circuit-breaker opening and auto-reclosure. Certain kinds of disturbance signals do not show distinct abrupt changes in the signal parameters. In those cases, the standard mother wavelets fail to achieve correct event-specific segmentations. A new adjustment technique to the standard Haar wavelet is proposed in this paper, by introducing 2n adjusting zeros in the Haar wavelet scaling filter, n being a positive integer. This technique is quite effective in segmenting those fault signals into pre- and post-fault segments, and it is an improvement over the standard mother wavelets for this application. This paper presents many practical examples where recorded signals from the power network in South Africa have been used.
description: 13 pages in final printed version
Symmetry-induced many-body quantum interference in chaotic bosonic systems: an augmented Truncated Wigner method
Creators: name: Hummel, Quirin
name: Schlagheck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although highly successful, the Truncated Wigner Approximation (TWA) does not account for genuine many-body quantum interference between different solutions of the mean-field equations of a bosonic many-body (MB) system. This renders the TWA essentially classical, where a large number of particles formally takes the role of the inverse of Planck's constant $\hbar$. The failure to describe genuine interference phenomena, such as localization and scarring in Fock space, can be seen as a virtue of this quasiclassical method, which thereby allows one to identify genuine quantum effects when being compared with "exact" quantum calculations that do not involve any a priori approximation. A rather prominent cause for such quantum effects that are not accounted for by the TWA is the constructive interference between the contributions of symmetry-related trajectories, which would occur in the presence of discrete symmetries provided the phase-space distribution of the initial state and the observable to be evaluated feature a strong localization about the corresponding symmetry subspaces. Here we show how one can conceive an augmented version of the TWA which can account for this particular effect. This augmented TWA effectively amounts to complementing conventional TWA calculations by separate Truncated Wigner simulations that are restricted to symmetric subspaces and involve weight factors that account for the dynamical stability of sampling trajectories with respect to perpendicular deviations from those subspaces. We illustrate the validity of this method at pre- as well as post-Ehrenfest time scales in prototypical Bose-Hubbard systems displaying chaotic classical dynamics, where it also reveals the existence of additional MB interference effects.
description: 57 pages (incl. 24 pages appendix), 5 figures
(1003) Anne Bailey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Responding to a Community's Concern: A Comparison of Breast Cancer Characteristics and Initial Treatment in Three Selected North Carolina Counties
Creators: name: Cherry, M.W.
name: Carpenter, W.R.
name: Long, D.G.
name: Vines, A.I.
name: Amos, K.D.
name: Godley, P.A.
name: Chen, R.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND A 2007 national report identified North Carolina's Edgecombe County as having among the highest breast cancer incidence and mortality rates nationally, motivating the initiation of a task force and other local efforts to address the problem. The goal of this study is to examine county breast cancer characteristics before and after the report, including whether geographic variation may mask racial disparities in this majority African American community. METHOD With guidance from community partners, breast cancer cases from 2000 to 2012 in Edgecombe, Nash, and Orange Counties (N = 2,641) were obtained from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. Bivariate and trend analyses of tumor and treatment characteristics were examined by county and race. RESULTS Women in Edgecombe and Nash Counties were diagnosed with more advanced stage, higher grade tumors. African Americans in Edgecombe and Nash Counties were diagnosed with advanced disease more often than African Americans in Orange County. Average time-to-treatment was well within guideline recommendations. Incidence and mortality rates appear to have declined, with variation in measures of racial differences over time. LIMITATIONS Changes in coding standards across the observation period required reliance on coarse measures that may partially mute useful findings. CONCLUSIONS Racial disparities remain a concern in North Carolina; however, they appear to be less profound than in the 2007 national report. The portentous statistics in the report represent an all-time high, after which some, but not all, measures reflect positive change amidst ongoing local efforts to improve breast cancer knowledge and care.
Risiko einer FSME-Infektion infolge individueller Exposition und alimentärer Übertragung
Creators: name: Böhnke, Denise
Publisher: name: Deutscher Wissenschaftsverlag
Year: 2019
Subjects: FSME
Zecken
zeckenübertragene Krankheiten
Übertragsungswahrscheinlichkeit
Exposition

description: Das Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME)-Virus wird vor allem durch Zeckenstiche übertragen. Dabei ist das Risiko, an FSME zu erkranken, in Süddeutschland viel höher als in Norddeutschland. Neben der Geografie spielt selbstverständlich auch die individuelle Exposition eine Rolle. Hier werden die Ergebnisse von Studien zusammengefasst, die das Risiko einer FSME-Infektion aus berufs- und freizeitbedingter Exposition beleuchten. Darüber hinaus wird auf die besondere Exposition von Kindern und Jugendlichen eingegangen. Neben der FSME-Schutzimpfung haben vor allem Präventionsmaßnahmen, die einem Zeckenstich vorbeugen, Bedeutung. Einen wenig bekannten Weg der FSME-Virus-Übertragung stellt die die sogenannte alimentäre Übertragung dar, die immer wieder zu sporadischen FSME Ausbrüchen führt. Dabei handelt es sich um FSME-Erkrankungen zufolge des Genusses von unpasteurisierten Milchprodukten, die von mit dem FSME-Virus infizierten Nutztieren gewonnen wurden. Beim letzten alimentären FSME-Ausbruch in Deutschland im Jahr 2017 erkrankten 8 Personen.