cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ranking irrigation schemes based on principle component analysis in the arid regions of Turkey
Creators: name: Kartal, S.
name: Değirmenci, H.
name: Arslan, F.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: principal components analysis
irrigation performance indicators
irrigation schemes
quality index
article

description: Water is a scarce resource and thus irrigation schemes in arid regions have become more important. The irrigation sector which uses most of the water resources has to cope with global warming, disasters and water scarcity around the world, particularly in the Mediterranean countries, including Turkey. Irrigation schemes, which were built by DSI (State Hydraulic Works) and whose operation and maintenance management was transferred to water user associations, play a crucial role in irrigated agriculture in Turkey. In order to improve the performance, weakness and strengths of irrigation schemes are determined by performance indicators (system operation, financial and production efficiency) which show the overall information about them. In the present study, seven irrigation schemes located in an arid region of central Anatolia were chosen to assess the irrigation performance using principal component, correlation and cluster analysis while quality index showed the rank of the irrigation schemes. We found that the average total annual volume of irrigation supply was 7648.58 m3 ha−1 and the average relative water supply was 1.91 during the 11 years between 2006 and 2016. In this region, higher inverse correlations were due to using surface irrigation methods (51.3%). As of 2017, the irrigation schemes have weak water distribution systems, on an average, consisting of 55.5% open canals, 22.5% canalette and only 10% pipes. According to the quality index, financial and system operation indicators are more effective than that of production efficiency indicators. In conclusion, average irrigation ratio (55.68%) can be increased by improving the water distribution system, and the technology used on both management and farm levels.
Cryptanalysis of an Elliptic Curve-based Signcryption Scheme
Creators: name: Toorani, M.
name: Beheshti, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3; K.6.5; D.4.6; K.6.m
subject: 94Axx

description: The signcryption is a relatively new cryptographic technique that is supposed to fulfill the functionalities of encryption and digital signature in a single logical step. Although several signcryption schemes are proposed over the years, some of them are proved to have security problems. In this paper, the security of Han et al.'s signcryption scheme is analyzed, and it is proved that it has many security flaws and shortcomings. Several devastating attacks are also introduced to the mentioned scheme whereby it fails all the desired and essential security attributes of a signcryption scheme.
description: 6 Pages, 2 Figures
What makes an operational farm soil carbon code? Insights from a global comparison of existing soil carbon codes using a structured analytical framework
Creators: name: Black, Helaina I. J.
name: Reed, Mark S.
name: Kendall, Helen
name: Parkhurst, Robert
name: Cannon, Nicola
name: Chapman, Pippa J.
name: Orman, Matthew
name: Phelps, Jenny
name: Rudman, Hannah
name: Whalley, Sarah
name: Yeluripati, Jagadeesh
name: Ziv, Guy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Soils have the potential to sequester and store significant amounts of carbon, contributing towards climate change mitigation. Soil carbon markets are emerging to pay farmers for management changes that absorb atmospheric carbon, governed by codes that ensure eligibility, additionality and permanence whilst protecting against leakage and reversals. This paper presents the first global comparative analysis of farmland soil carbon codes, providing new insights into the range of approaches governing this global marketplace. To do this, the paper developed an analytical framework for the systematic comparison of codes which was used to identify commonalities and differences in approaches, methods, administration, commercialisation and operations for 12 publicly available codes from around the world. Codes used a range of mechanisms to manage additionality, uncertainty and risks, baselines, measurement, reporting and verification, auditing, resale of carbon units, bundling and stacking, stakeholder engagement and market integrity. The paper concludes by discussing existing approaches and codes that could be adapted for use in the UK and evaluates the need for an over-arching standard for soil carbon codes in the UK and internationally, to which existing codes and other schemes already generating soil carbon credits could be assessed and benchmarked.
Topological invariants of groups and Koszul modules
Creators: name: Aprodu, Marian
name: Farkas, Gavril
name: Papadima, Stefan
name: Raicu, Claudiu
name: Weyman, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a uniform vanishing result for the graded components of the finite length Koszul module associated to a subspace K inside the second exterior product of a vector space, as well as a sharp upper bound for its Hilbert function. This purely algebraic statement has interesting applications to the study of a number of invariants associated to finitely generated groups, such as the Alexander invariants, the Chen ranks, or the degree of growth and nilpotency class. For instance, we explicitly bound the aforementioned invariants in terms of the first Betti number for the maximal metabelian quotients of (1) the Torelli group associated to the moduli space of curves; (2) nilpotent fundamental groups of compact Kaehler manifolds; (3) the Torelli group of a free group.
description: 25 pages. Final version, to appear in Duke Math. Journal
Emergence and Reduction Combined in Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Butterfield, Jeremy
name: Bouatta, Nazim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In another paper (Butterfield 2011), one of us argued that emergence and reduction are compatible, and presented four examples illustrating both. The main purpose of this paper is to develop this position for the example of phase transitions. We take it that emergence involves behaviour that is novel compared with what is expected: often, what is expected from a theory of the system's microscopic constituents. We take reduction as deduction, aided by appropriate definitions. Then the main idea of our reconciliation of emergence and reduction is that one makes the deduction after taking a limit of an appropriate parameter $N$. Thus our first main claim will be that in some situations, one can deduce a novel behaviour, by taking a limit $N\to\infty$. Our main illustration of this will be Lee-Yang theory. But on the other hand, this does not show that the $N=\infty$ limit is physically real. For our second main claim will be that in such situations, there is a logically weaker, yet still vivid, novel behaviour that occurs before the limit, i.e. for finite $N$. And it is this weaker behaviour which is physically real. Our main illustration of this will be the renormalization group description of cross-over phenomena.
description: 24 pp, v2: one minor change. Contribution to the Frontiers of Fundamental Physics (FFP 11) Conference Proceedings
Europeanized mind and Japanese body : Mishima Yukio’s humanized emperor in Silk and Insight
Creators: name: Sekiguchi, Haruki
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Mishima Yukio (1925-1970) is one of the most influential writers in postwar Japan. His novel Kinu to meisatsu (Silk and Insight, 1964) illustrates the death of an allegorical humanized emperor himself, rather than a young ideologue, and the allegorical emperor who is destroyed in the end is depicted as having ordinary and ugly physical traits instead of representing beauty. In this thesis, I examine how Mishima tackles the theme of the antinomy of mind and body through portraying the death of the allegorical humanized emperor in Silk and Insight. The thesis also explores how Mishima juxtaposes ugliness and beauty in the desire for destruction by comparing Silk and Insight with Gogo no eikō, (The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea, 1963), in which he depicts the common theme of patricide. I examine how the difference of ugliness and beauty in the way the father-figure is portrayed in the two novels represents Mishima’s view of the diminishment of the humanized emperor and the mindset of self-punishment in postwar Japan. My thesis also offers an exploration of how Silk and Insight portrays the harmonization of the mind and body split through the relationship between the allegorized humanized emperor and the young intellectual ideologue who causes his death, which shows connections between Heideggerian ontology conjoined with European fascism and Mishima’s philosophy on pure action which is tied up with the essence of Japanese nationalism. Through exploring the link between Heideggerian philosophy and Mishima’s vision of Japanese nationalism, I examine how the overcoming of the mind and body split is pursued not only ideologically, but also in the homoerotic dynamics between the allegorical humanized emperor and the young ideologue. This exploration shows a new perspective on scholarly discussions of Mishima’s vision of the postwar emperor, as well as the recurring theme of mind and body in his works.
Critical Making Open Hardware Programme
Creators: name: Ruiz Freire, Ricardo
name: Chan, Melanie
name: Mamitzsch, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: maker movement
open hardware
social innovation

description: The Critical Making Open Hardware Mentorship Program aimed to support global makers and innovators in shaping a sustainable future of making. Over the span of nine months, 18 mentees received guidance and input from our esteemed teachers on key principles of the sustainable making framework for their projects: Make Things That Make Sense, Share How You Make, Include Ecosystem Services, Integrate Local Knowledge, Build for Continuity. This report is two fold: 1) it documents the process on how to design and run the open hardware programme, which is open and free to be adopted by other organizations worldwide.  2) It includes an Open Hardware projects catalogue featuring the project documentations resulting from the mentoring programme. The catalogue features an inspiring range of open source hardware projects in the context of open science hardware, social innovation, and environmental sustainability. The twelve projects show a diversity of used materials, needs that inspire the solution, complexity and production-readiness. All projects show a short description, pictures, relevant RRI dimensions, the lead maker, the materials and the tools needed.
Aggregation over Metric Spaces: Proposing and Voting in Elections, Budgeting, and Legislation
Creators: name: Bulteau, Laurent
name: Shahaf, Gal
name: Shapiro, Ehud
name: Talmon, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a unifying framework encompassing many social choice settings. Viewing each social choice setting as voting in a suitable metric space, we consider a general model of social choice over metric spaces, in which---similarly to the spatial model of elections---each voter specifies an ideal element of the metric space. The ideal element functions as a vote, where each voter prefers elements that are closer to her ideal element. But it also functions as a proposal, thus making all participants equal not only as voters but also as proposers. We consider Condorcet aggregation and a continuum of solution concepts, ranging from minimizing the sum of distances to minimizing the maximum distance.
 We study applications of the abstract model to various social choice settings, including single-winner elections, committee elections, participatory budgeting, and participatory legislation. For each setting, we compare each solution concept to known voting rules and study various properties of the resulting voting rules. Our framework provides expressive aggregation for a broad range of social choice settings while remaining simple for voters, and may enable a unified and integrated implementation for all these settings, as well as unified extensions such as sybil-resiliency, proxy voting, and deliberative decision making.
Control of defect-mediated tunneling barrier heights in ultrathin MgO films
Creators: name: Kim, D. J.
name: Choi, W. S.
name: Schleicher, F.
name: Shin, R. H.
name: Boukari, S.
name: Davesne, V.
name: Kieber, C.
name: Arabski, J.
name: Schmerber, G.
name: Beaurepaire, E.
name: Jo, W.
name: Bowen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of oxygen vacancies on local tunneling properties across rf-sputtered MgO thin films was investigated by optical absorption spectroscopy and conducting atomic force microscopy. Adding O$_2$ to the Ar plasma during MgO growth alters the oxygen defect populations, leading to improved local tunneling characteristics such as a lower density of current hotspots and a lower tunnel current amplitude. We discuss a defect-based potential landscape across ultrathin MgO barriers.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Empirical pairing gaps and neutron-proton correlations
Creators: name: Ishkhanov, B. S.
name: Sidorov, S.
name: Tretyakova, T.
name: Vladimirova, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of various mass relations connected with neutron-proton correlations in atomic nuclei is carried out. On the example of $N = Z$ chain it is shown that for self-adjoint nuclei various formulas proposed in literature for $ np $ pairing energy estimations lead to similar results. Significant differences between the calculation methods arise when nuclei with $N \ne Z$ are considered, which allows to show the complexity of neutron-proton correlations in different types of atomic nuclei and to make some assumptions on the correspondence of a mass ratio to the real effect of $ np $ pairing. The Shell Model parametrization of binding energy makes it possible to arrive to additional conclusions on the structure of mass formulas and their interrelationships with one another.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Chinese Physics C
An operad for splicing
Creators: name: Budney, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R40, 57M25, 57M50, 57Q45, 57R50, 18D50, 55P48

description: A new topological operad is introduced, called the splicing operad. This operad acts on a broad class of spaces of self-embeddings N --> N where N is a manifold. The action of this operad on EC(j,M) (self embeddings R^j x M --> R^j x M with support in I^j x M) is an extension of the action of the operad of (j+1)-cubes on this space. Moreover the action of the splicing operad encodes Larry Siebenmann's splicing construction for knots in S^3 in the j=1, M=D^2 case. The space of long knots in R^3 (denoted K_{3,1}) was shown to be a free 2-cubes object with free generating subspace P, the subspace of long knots that are prime with respect to the connect-sum operation. One of the main results of this paper is that K_{3,1} is free with respect to the splicing operad action, but the free generating space is the much `smaller' space of torus and hyperbolic knots TH \subset K_{3,1}. Moreover, the splicing operad for K_{3,1} has a `simple' homotopy-type as an operad.
description: 34 pages, 16 diagrams. V3->V4: Explicit definition of sigma^* \wr G-operads given, and proof included splicing operad is such. Re-wrote proof of Theorem 5.13 to make the equivariance of the maps more explicit. Cut down on extraneous notation. Fixed references, some small typos
Wavefield Finite Time Focusing with Reduced Spatial Exposure
Creators: name: Meles, Giovanni Angelo
name: van der Neut, Joost
name: van Dongen, Koen W. A.
name: Wapenaar, Kees
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavefield focusing is often achieved by Time-Reversal Mirrors, where wavefields emitted by a source located at the focal point are evaluated at a closed boundary and sent back, after Time-Reversal, into the medium from that boundary. Mathematically, Time-Reversal Mirrors are derived from closed-boundary integral representations of reciprocity theorems. In heterogeneous media, Time-Reversal Focusing theoretically involves in- and output signals that are infinite in time and the resulting waves propagate through the entire medium. Recently, integral representations have been derived for single-sided wavefield focusing. Although the required input signals for this approach are finite in time, the output signals are not and, similar to Time-Reversal Mirroring, the resulting waves propagate through the entire medium. Here, an alternative solution for double-sided wavefield focusing is derived. This solution is based on an integral representation where in- and output signals are finite in time, and where the energy of the waves propagating in the layer embedding the focal point is smaller than with Time-Reversal Focusing. We explore the potential of the proposed method with numerical experiments involving a head model consisting of a skull enclosing a brain.
description: 16 pages, 7 Figures
Building a Sybil-Resilient Digital Community Utilizing Trust-Graph Connectivity
Creators: name: Poupko, Ouri
name: Shahaf, Gal
name: Shapiro, Ehud
name: Talmon, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Preventing fake or duplicate digital identities (aka sybils) from joining a digital community may be crucial to its survival, especially if it utilizes a consensus protocol among its members or employs democratic governance, where sybils can undermine consensus, tilt decisions, or even take over. Here, we explore the use of a trust-graph of identities, with edges representing trust among identity owners, to allow a community to grow indefinitely without increasing its sybil penetration. Since identities are admitted to the digital community based on their trust by existing digital community members, corrupt identities, which may trust sybils, also pose a threat to the digital community. Sybils and their corrupt perpetrators are together referred to as byzantines, and the overarching aim is to limit their penetration into a digital community. We propose two alternative tools to achieve this goal. One is graph conductance, which works under the assumption that honest people are averse to corrupt ones and tend to distrust them. The second is vertex expansion, which relies on the assumption that there are not too many corrupt identities in the community. Of particular interest is keeping the fraction of byzantines below one third, as it would allow the use of Byzantine Agreement [15] for consensus as well as for sybil-resilient social choice [19]. This paper considers incrementally growing a trust graph and shows that, under its key assumptions and additional requirements, including keeping the conductance or vertex expansion of the community trust graph sufficiently high, a community may grow safely, indefinitely.
Genuine Personal Identifiers and Mutual Sureties for Sybil-Resilient Community Formation
Creators: name: Shahaf, Gal
name: Shapiro, Ehud
name: Talmon, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While most of humanity is suddenly on the net, the value of this singularity is hampered by the lack of credible digital identities: Social networking, person-to-person transactions, democratic conduct, cooperation and philanthropy are all hampered by the profound presence of fake identities, as illustrated by Facebook's removal of 5.4Bn fake accounts since the beginning of 2019.
 Here, we introduce the fundamental notion of a \emph{genuine personal identifier}---a globally unique and singular identifier of a person---and present a foundation for a decentralized, grassroots, bottom-up process in which every human being may create, own, and protect the privacy of a genuine personal identifier. The solution employs mutual sureties among owners of personal identifiers, resulting in a mutual-surety graph reminiscent of a web-of-trust. Importantly, this approach is designed for a distributed realization, possibly using distributed ledger technology, and does not depend on the use or storage of biometric properties. For the solution to be complete, additional components are needed, notably a mechanism that encourages honest behavior and a sybil-resilient governance system.
The $\sin2ϕ$ azimuthal asymmetry in single longitudinally polarized $πN$ Drell-Yan process
Creators: name: Lu, Zhun
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
name: She, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $\sin2ϕ$ azimuthal asymmetry in the $πN$ Drell-Yan process, when the nucleon is longitudinally polarized. The asymmetry is contributed by the combination of the Boer-Mulders function and the longitudinal transversity distribution function. We consider the Drell-Yan processes by $π^\pm$ beams colliding on the proton and deuteron targets, respectively. We calculate the $\sin2ϕ$ azimuthal asymmetries in these processes using the Boer-Mulders function and the longitudinal transversity from spectator models. We show that the study on single polarized $πN$ Drell-Yan processes can not only give the information on the new 3-dimensional parton distribution functions in momentum space, but also shed light on the chiral-odd structure of the longitudinally polarized nucleon.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Final version for publication in PRD
Critical slowing down in the bistable regime of circuit quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Brookes, P.
name: Tancredi, G.
name: Patterson, A. D.
name: Rahamim, J.
name: Esposito, M.
name: Leek, P. J.
name: Ginossar, E.
name: Szymanska, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of the bistable regime of the generalized Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian (GJC), realised by a circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) system consisting of a transmon qubit coupled to a microwave cavity. In this regime we observe critical slowing down in the approach to the steady state. By measuring the response of the cavity to a step function drive pulse we characterize this slowing down as a function of driving frequency and power. We find that the critical slowing down saturates as the driving power is increased. We compare these results with the predictions of analytical and numerical calculations both with and without the Duffing approximation. We find that the Duffing approximation incorrectly predicts that the critical slowing down timescale increases exponentially with the drive, whereas the GJC model accurately predicts the saturation seen in our data, suggesting a different process of quantum activation.
Additional file 1 of CHEK1 and circCHEK1_246aa evoke chromosomal instability and induce bone lesion formation in multiple myeloma
Creators: name: Gu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Wang
name: Tang, Xiaozhu
name: Xu, Tingting
name: Zhang, Yanxin
name: Guo, Mengjie
name: Wei, Rongfang
name: Wang, Yajun
name: Jurczyszyn, Artur
name: Janz, Siegfried
name: Beksac, Meral
name: Zhan, Fenghuang
name: Seckinger, Anja
name: Hose, Dirk
name: Pan, Jingxuan
name: Yang, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Elevation of CHEK1 expression is significantly associated with poor outcome in both event free survival (A) and overall survival (B) in GEP database of GMMG-HD4 cohort. Figure S2. Illustration of the annotated genomic region of CHEK1, the putative different RNA splicing forms, and the validation strategy for circular exon 1 to 7 (circCHEK1).
Monopoles and Holography
Creators: name: Bolognesi, Stefano
name: Tong, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a holographic theory in AdS_4 whose zero temperature ground state develops a crystal structure, spontaneously breaking translational symmetry. The crystal is induced by a background magnetic field, but requires no chemical potential. This lattice arises from the existence of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole solitons in the bulk which condense to form a classical object known as a monopole wall. In the infra-red, the magnetic field is screened and there is an emergent SU(2) global symmetry.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures; v2: ref added
Charmonium spectra at finite temperature from QCD sum rules with the maximum entropy method
Creators: name: Gubler, Philipp
name: Morita, Kenji
name: Oka, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charmonia spectral functions at finite temperature are studied using QCD sum rules in combination with the maximum entropy method. This approach enables us to directly obtain the spectral function from the sum rules, without having to introduce any specific assumption about its functional form. As a result, it is found that while J/psi and eta_c manifest themselves as significant peaks in the spectral function below the deconfinement temperature T_c, they quickly dissolve into the continuum and almost completely disappear at temperatures between 1.0 T_c and 1.1 T_c.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; typos corrected, version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Guessing Cost: Bounds and Applications to Data Repair in Distributed Storage
Creators: name: Arslan, Suayb S.
name: Haytaoglu, Elif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The guesswork refers to the distribution of the minimum number of trials needed to guess a realization of a random variable accurately. In this study, a non-trivial generalization of the guesswork called guessing cost (also referred to as cost of guessing) is introduced, and an optimal strategy for finding the $ρ$-th moment of guessing cost is provided for a random variable defined on a finite set whereby each choice is associated with a positive finite cost value (unit cost corresponds to the original guesswork). Moreover, we drive asymptotically tight upper and lower bounds on the logarithm of guessing cost moments. Similar to previous studies on the guesswork, established bounds on the moments of guessing cost quantify the accumulated cost of guesses required for correctly identifying the unknown choice and are expressed in terms of Rényi's entropy. Moreover, new random variables are introduced to establish connections between the guessing cost and the guesswork, leading to induced strategies. Establishing this implicit connection helped us obtain improved bounds for the non-asymptotic region. As a consequence, we establish the guessing cost exponent in terms of Rényi entropy rate on the moments of the guessing cost using the optimal strategy by considering a sequence of independent random variables with different cost distributions. Finally, with slight modifications to the original problem, these results are shown to be applicable for bounding the overall repair bandwidth for distributed data storage systems backed up by base stations and protected by bipartite graph codes.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2023
The Timing Dimension of Urban Transport Decisions
Creators: name: Tarpley, Fred A.
name: Dake, J.L.
name: Tarpley, Fred A.
name: Dake, J.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1968
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 9th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 4-6, 1968, Kansas City, MO
The origins of modern Japanese children’s literature : Meiji dogs and American earls
Creators: name: Higashikata, Lilian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: This thesis historicizes how Japanese children’s literature (jidō bungaku) emerged in the early Meiji period (1868–1912), and examines what elements of cultural and literary discourse inform the early jidō bungaku landmark texts. I seek to demonstrate that the genre of children’s literature emerged from the intersections of the birth of the modern Japanese nation state, the discovery of “the child” (jidō), public education, and literature and language. Chapter 1 focuses on Wakamatsu Shizuko’s pathbreaking 1890 translation of Little Lord Fauntleroy (Shōkōshi), an example of “children’s literature” that did not necessarily conceive children as the primary audience. In this chapter, I examine how Shizuko employs the medium of translation to experiment with the genbun-itchi style, perceived to be a novel and experimental form of literary expression at the time of Shōkōshi’s publication. Shōkōshi constructs the primordial model of “the child” as we understand in the contemporary cultural imagination, the literary personifications of purity and goodness who exists in relation to detached adult observers. Chapter 2 explores three core features of Iwaya Sazanami’s Koganemaru (1891): the gabuntai prose (style), adaptations of canon folktales (narrative form and intertextual engagement), and Edo ninjō melodrama (pre-Meiji tropes). I investigate how Sazanami revitalizes pre-Meiji legacies to compose what he claims is a modern and domestic story for Japanese children, which showcases a carefully engineered image of Japan as a linear, organic, and collective national community. This portrait of Japan is made memorable and persuasive by Sazanami’s conceptualization of “literature” as a private practice outside of the pedagogical context, one that is meant to generate amusement and pleasure. By attending to children’s personal space and pastimes, Sazanami opens new avenues for effectively instilling child readers with the sense of collective national consciousness. The close reading of these two foundational texts will reveal the urgency, rigorous effort, and creative attention invested into writing high literature for children. This will in turn demonstrate that children mattered in the Meiji period—intellectuals and writers esteemed children as a new modern demographic, namely the future of the Japanese sovereign nation, that deserved serious and artistic consideration.
Contamination of transmission and hydraulic oils in agricultural tractors and proposal of by-pass filtration system
Creators: name: Majdan, R.
name: Abrahám, R.
name: Uhrinová, D.
name: Nosian, J.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: tractor oil
tractor maintenance
elimination of the oil contamination
quality of lubricants
article

description: Tractors use various types of lubricating oils in transmission and hydraulic system. Oils are contaminated by different ways depending on the work of the lubricated system. There are general requirements on the cleanliness level of the oil in the tractor transmission and hydraulic system according to the standard DIN 51524. According to all that, this paper presents research conducted by two tractors. The tractor John Deere 8100 used only its own implements (ploughs, trailers etc.) and it was operated in compliance with user manual. In this tractor, the oil cleanliness level met the standard DIN 51524 because reached the stage 7 (NAS 1638). The tractor Zetor Forterra 124 41 contained extremely contaminated oil, it reached stage > 12 (NAS 1638), due to the non-standard operation which was opposite to the user manual. Both ways of tractor operation are typical for farmers activity in the Slovak Republic, depending on the tractor type and style of agricultural production at most. The second part of this paper is aimed at the proposal of by-pass filtration system to eliminate the oil contamination. The by-pass filtration system is the second stage of the oil filtration in the tractor, whereas the first one means standard tractor filter. Function of the system was tested according to the decrease of chemical elements concentration characterising the oil contamination and visual method based on filter and its change after operating of tested tractor. There was evaluated the decrease of concentration of Fe (41.6%), Cu (28.7%) and Si (20.5%) after by-pass filtration system was running under operational conditions. It can be concluded that the by-pass filtration system was proposed correctly and it is suitable for tractors operation.
String Junctions and Holographic Interfaces
Creators: name: Chiodaroli, Marco
name: Gutperle, Michael
name: Hung, Ling-Yan
name: Krym, Darya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study half-BPS type IIB supergravity solutions with multiple $AdS_3\times S^3\times M_4$ asymptotic regions, where $M_4$ is either $T^4$ or $K_3$. These solutions were first constructed in [1] and have geometries given by the warped product of $AdS_2 \times S^2 \times M_4 $ over $Σ$, where $Σ$ is a Riemann surface. We show that the holographic boundary has the structure of a star graph, i.e. $n$ half-lines joined at a point. The attractor mechanism and the relation of the solutions to junctions of self-dual strings in six-dimensional supergravity are discussed. The solutions of [1] are constructed introducing two meromorphic and two harmonic functions defined on $Σ$. We focus our analysis on solutions corresponding to junctions of three different conformal field theories and show that the conditions for having a solution charged only under Ramond-Ramond three-form fields reduce to relations involving the positions of the poles and the residues of the relevant harmonic and meromorphic functions. The degeneration limit in which some of the poles collide is analyzed in detail. Finally, we calculate the holographic boundary entropy for a junction of three CFTs and obtain a simple expression in terms of poles and residues.
description: 54 pages, 6 figures, pdf-LaTeX, v2: minor changes
Quantifying Information Extraction using Generalized Quantum Measurements
Creators: name: Šafránek, Dominik
name: Thingna, Juzar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational entropy is interpreted as the uncertainty an observer making measurements associates with a system. So far, properties that make such an interpretation possible rely on the assumption of ideal projective measurements. We show that the same properties hold even when considering generalized measurements. Thus, the interpretation still holds: Observational entropy is a well-defined quantifier determining how influential a given series of measurements is in information extraction. This generalized framework allows for the study of the performance of indirect measurement schemes, which are those using a probe. Using this framework, we first analyze the limitations of a finite-dimensional probe. Then we study several scenarios of the von Neumann measurement scheme, in which the probe is a classical particle characterized by its position. Finally, we discuss observational entropy as a tool for quantum state inference. Further developed, this framework could find applications in quantum information processing. For example, it could help in determining the best read-out procedures from quantum memories and to provide adaptive measurement strategies alternative to quantum state tomography.
description: 19+10 pages, 6 figures. v3: name change, changed template to Quantum journal template, and other minor modifications. v4: significantly improved presentation and organization, appendix added. v5: changed to PRA style
Electing the Executive Branch
Creators: name: Page, Rutvik
name: Shapiro, Ehud
name: Talmon, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The executive branch, or government, is typically not elected directly by the people, but rather formed by another elected body or person such as the parliament or the president. As a result, its members are not directly accountable to the people, individually or as a group. We consider a scenario in which the members of the government are elected directly by the people, and wish to achieve proportionality while doing so. We propose a formal model consisting of $k$ offices, each with its own disjoint set of candidates, and a set of voters who provide approval ballots for all offices. We wish to identify good aggregation rules that assign one candidate to each office. As using a simple majority vote for each office independently might result in disregarding minority preferences altogether, here we consider an adaptation of the greedy variant of Proportional Approval Voting (GreedyPAV) to our setting, and demonstrate -- through computer-based simulations -- how voting for all offices together using this rule overcomes this weakness. We note that the approach is applicable also to a party that employs direct democracy, where party members elect the party's representatives in a coalition government.
Manipulation of heat current by the interface between graphene and white graphene
Creators: name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the heat current flowing across the interface between graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (so-called white graphene) using both molecular dynamics simulation and nonequilibrium Green's function approaches. These two distinct methods discover the same phenomena that the heat current is reduced linearly with increasing interface length, and the zigzag interface causes stronger reduction of heat current than the armchair interface. These phenomena are interpreted by both the lattice dynamics analysis and the transmission function explanation, which both reveal that the localized phonon modes at interfaces are responsible for the heat management. The room temperature interface thermal resistance is about $7\times10^{-10}$m$^{2}$K/W in zigzag interface and $3.5\times10^{-10}$m$^{2}$K/W in armchair interface, which directly results in stronger heat reduction in zigzag interface. Our theoretical results provide a specific route for experimentalists to control the heat transport in the graphene and hexagonal boron nitride compound through shaping the interface between these two materials.
description: accepted by EPL
Finding least fragmented holdings with factor analysis and a new methodology: a case study of kargılı land consolidation project from Turkey
Creators: name: Arslan, F.
name: Değirmenci, H.
name: Rasva, Marii
name: Jürgenson, Evelin
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: GIS
factor analysis
land consolidation
land fragmentation indicators
article

description: Land fragmentation (LF) is a problem restrain agricultural activities and decrease mechanization level, production. Land consolidation (LC) projects are done in the World as well as Turkey to solve LF issues. Researchers created indicators to measure land fragmentation which is important to see success level of LC projects. The use of these indicators is controversial or not accurate. The core aim of the present study is to find new land fragmentation index and to find least fragmented holding with factor analysis using the other indicators which are Simmons, Januszevski, number of parcels, Shmook and Igbozurike besides new land fragmentation index. Kargılı Village land consolidation project in Mersin, Turkey was chosen as a material. Cadastral data before land consolidation, was used to calculate value of indicators, where number of parcels was 932, total area was 1,741.9 ha, the average parcel size was 1.9 ha, number of holdings was 542 and the average parcel size was village had 932 parcels. Data processing were performed with ArcMAP 10.6.1 and SPSS. A total of 18 holdings were identified randomly as sample size which were sufficient to carry out factor analysis including principle component to rank holdings (P < 0.01).As a result, new land fragmentation index found correlated with others (P < 0.01) and ranking according to new indicator performed better than ranking considering all indicators. In this context, it is possible to use new land fragmentation indicator to determine priority areas for land consolidation.
Effect of Operating Policies of Urban Mass Transportation on Demand
Creators: name: Neufville, Richard De
name: Friedlander, Alex
name: Neufville, Richard De
name: Friedlander, Alex
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1968
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 9th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 4-6, 1968, Kansas City, MO
title: Двигательная активность и соматическое здоровье учителя: нормирование, оценка, мотивация
title: Монография
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Цибульникова В.Е.
Publisher: name: Московский педагогический государственный университет
Year: 2020

description: Монография посвящена исследованию двигательной активности современного учителя-женщины в контексте соматического здоровья и мотивационной сферы личности. Уточнены нормы и методы измерения двигательной активности, раскрыты группы факторов, влияющих на объем двигательной активности современных педагогов. Определен объем двигательной активности учителей разных возрастных групп и дана его оценка в репрезентативной выборке с учетом актуальных норм. Разработаны и апробированы программы диагностики физического развития, функциональных состояний, физической работоспособности и физической подготовленности учителей, проведена интерпретация и оценка полученных результатов. Выявлены особенности мотивации учителей к здоровому образу жизни, формированию здоровье-ориентированного стиля профессиональной деятельности и повышению уровня двигательной активности. Издание адресовано учителям, руководителям общеобразовательных организаций и кругу специалистов, специфика деятельности которых связана с вопросами сохранения и укрепления здоровья субъектов образовательного процесса, обеспечения их физической активности, мотивации к повышению двигательной активности и формированию здоровье-ориентированного стиля профессиональной деятельности.
description: The monograph is devoted to the study of motor activity of the modern teacher-women in the context of physical health, and motivational sphere of personality. Updated standards and methods of measurement of locomotor activity, revealed groups of factors influencing the amount of physical activity of modern teachers. Determined the amount of physical activity of teachers of different age groups and assessed its accuracy in a representative sample taking into account the relevant norms. Developed and tested diagnostic programs of physical development, functional state, physical health and physical preparedness of teachers, carried out interpretation and evaluation of results. Peculiarities of teachers ' motivation to a healthy lifestyle, formation of health-oriented style of professional activities and raising the level of physical activity. The edition is addressed to teachers, heads of educational institutions and the circle of experts, specific activities are related to issues of preservation and strengthening of health of subjects of educational process, ensuring their physical activity, motivation to increase physical activity and the formation of health-oriented style of professional activity.
Can Hamiltonians be boundary observables in Parametrized Field Theories?
Creators: name: Andrade, Tomas
name: Marolf, Donald
name: Deffayet, Cedric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been argued that holography in gravitational theories is related to the existence of a particularly useful Gauss Law that allows energy to be measured at the boundary. The present work investigates the extent to which such Gauss Laws follow from diffeomorphism invariance. We study parametrized field theories, which are a class of diffeomorphism-invariant theories without gravity. We find that the Hamiltonian for parametrized field theories vanishes on shell even in the presence of a boundary and under a variety of boundary conditions. We conclude that parametrized theories have no useful Gauss Law, consistent with the absence of holography in these theories.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX, references added, citations clarified, typos corrected
Wetting and wrapping of a floating droplet by a thin elastic filament
Creators: name: Prasath, S Ganga
name: Marthelot, Joel
name: Menon, Narayanan
name: Govindarajan, Rama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the wetting of a thin elastic filament floating on a fluid surface by a droplet of another, immiscible fluid. This quasi-2D experimental system is the lower-dimensional counterpart of the wetting and wrapping of a droplet by an elastic sheet. The simplicity of this system allows us to study the phenomenology of partial wetting and wrapping of the droplet by measuring angles of contact as a function of the elasticity of the filament, the applied tension and the curvature of the droplet. We find that a purely geometric theory gives a good description of the mechanical equilibria in the system. The estimates of applied tension and tension in the filament obey an elastic version of the Young-Laplace-Dupré relation. However, curvatures close to the contact line are not captured by the geometric theory, possibly because of 3D effects at the contact line. We also find that when a highly-bendable filament completely wraps the droplet, there is continuity of curvature at the droplet-filament interface, leading to seamless wrapping as observed in a 3D droplet.