cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MPEC 2023-E64 : 2021 UK108
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2021 UK108

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Mechanism of action of the trastuzumab biosimilar CT-P6
Creators: name: Jeong, Sun Ah
name: Choi, Jung Min
name: Park, Jun Mo
name: Lee, Jun Young
name: Lee, So Jung
name: Lee, Su Yeon
name: Lee, Si Yeon
name: Park, Yoon A
name: Jeong, Hee Jeong
name: Song, Yoo Cheol
name: Hwan Kim, Sung
name: Jae Chang, Shin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: Therapeutic monoclonal antibody biosimilars are expected to help reduce the sizeable economic burden of targeted treatments. Trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular domain of HER2, is approved for use in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer (in both the adjuvant and metastatic settings) and HER2-positive gastric cancer. CT-P6 (Herzuma®) is a biosimilar of trastuzumab, designed to bind with high affinity and specificity to the same HER2 epitope as the reference product. We investigated whether CT-P6 exerts its effects through the same mechanism of action as trastuzumab. Methods: The mechanism of action of CT-P6 and trastuzumab, both as monotherapy and in combination with paclitaxel or pertuzumab, was compared in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer and gastric cancer cell models. Results: We confirmed that CT-P6 functions in a manner similar to trastuzumab by binding to the HER2 receptor, which is central to the effects of trastuzumab in all indications. Conclusions: Collectively, the results of this study show that the mechanisms of action of CT-P6 and trastuzumab are similar in HER2-positive breast cancer and gastric cancer models and, therefore, CT-P6 can be expected to perform similarly in the clinical setting.
An Improving Method for Loop Unrolling
Creators: name: Booshehri, Meisam
name: Malekpour, Abbas
name: Luksch, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.4
subject: 68Nxx

description: In this paper we review main ideas mentioned in several other papers which talk about optimization techniques used by compilers. Here we focus on loop unrolling technique and its effect on power consumption, energy usage and also its impact on program speed up by achieving ILP (Instruction-level parallelism). Concentrating on superscalar processors, we discuss the idea of generalized loop unrolling presented by J.C. Hang and T. Leng and then we present a new method to traverse a linked list to get a better result of loop unrolling in that case. After that we mention the results of some experiments carried out on a Pentium 4 processor (as an instance of super scalar architecture). Furthermore, the results of some other experiments on supercomputer (the Alliat FX/2800 System) containing superscalar node processors would be mentioned. These experiments show that loop unrolling has a slight measurable effect on energy usage as well as power consumption. But it could be an effective way for program speed up.
description: 4 pages, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security
Non-Hermitian systems of Euclidean Lie algebraic type with real eigenvalue spectra
Creators: name: Dey, Sanjib
name: Fring, Andreas
name: Mathanaranjan, Thilagarajah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study several classes of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems, which can be expressed in terms of bilinear combinations of Euclidean Lie algebraic generators. The classes are distinguished by different versions of antilinear (PT)-symmetries exhibiting various types of qualitative behaviour. On the basis of explicitly computed non-perturbative Dyson maps we construct metric operators, isospectral Hermitian counterparts for which we solve the corresponding time-independent Schroedinger equation for specific choices of the coupling constants. In these cases general analytical expressions for the solutions are obtained in the form of Mathieu functions, which we analyze numerically to obtain the corresponding energy eigenspectra. We identify regions in the parameter space for which the corresponding spectra are entirely real and also domains where the PT symmetry is spontaneously broken and sometimes also regained at exceptional points. In some cases it is shown explicitly how the threshold region from real to complex spectra is characterized by the breakdown of the Dyson maps or the metric operator. We establish the explicit relationship to models currently under investigation in the context of beam dynamics in optical lattices.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Spin polarization gate device based on the chirality-induced spin selectivity and robust nonlocal spin polarization
Creators: name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Hosaka, Yuta
name: Monden, Kenta
name: Inui, Akito
name: Sayo, Taisei
name: Kousaka, Yusuke
name: Togawa, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal spin polarization phenomena are thoroughly investigated in the devices made of chiral metallic single crystals of CrNb$_3$S$_6$ and NbSi$_2$ as well as of polycrystalline NbSi$_2$. We demonstrate that simultaneous injection of charge currents in the opposite ends of the device with the nonlocal setup induces the switching behavior of spin polarization in a controllable manner. Such a nonlocal spin polarization appears regardless of the difference in the materials and device dimensions, implying that the current injection in the nonlocal configuration splits spin-dependent chemical potentials throughout the chiral crystal even though the current is injected into only a part of the crystal. We show that the proposed model of the spin dependent chemical potentials explains the experimental data successfully. The nonlocal double-injection device may offer significant potential to control the spin polarization to large areas because of the nature of long-range nonlocal spin polarization in chiral materials.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Robust Dynamic Average Consensus for a Network of Agents with Time-varying Reference Signals
Creators: name: Gudeta, Solomon
name: Karimoddini, Ali
name: Davoodi, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents continuous dynamic average consensus (DAC) algorithms for a group of agents to estimate the average of their time-varying reference signals cooperatively. We propose consensus algorithms that are robust to agents joining and leaving the network, at the same time, avoid the chattering phenomena and guarantee zero steady-state consensus error. Our algorithms are edge-based protocols with smooth functions in their internal structure to avoid the chattering effect. Furthermore, each agent is only capable of performing local computations and can only communicate with its local neighbors. For a balanced and strongly connected underlying communication graph, we provide the convergence analysis to determine the consensus design parameters that guarantee the agents' estimate of their average to asymptotically converge to the average of the time-varying reference signals of the agents. We provide simulation results to validate the proposed consensus algorithms and to perform a performance comparison of the proposed algorithms to existing algorithms in the literature.
Muon tomography imaging algorithms for nuclear threat detection inside large volume containers with the Muon Portal detector
Creators: name: Riggi, S.
name: Antonuccio-Delogu, V.
name: Bandieramonte, M.
name: Becciani, U.
name: Costa, A.
name: La Rocca, P.
name: Massimino, P.
name: Petta, C.
name: Pistagna, C.
name: Riggi, F.
name: Sciacca, E.
name: Vitello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon tomographic visualization techniques try to reconstruct a 3D image as close as possible to the real localization of the objects being probed. Statistical algorithms under test for the reconstruction of muon tomographic images in the Muon Portal Project are here discussed. Autocorrelation analysis and clustering algorithms have been employed within the context of methods based on the Point Of Closest Approach (POCA) reconstruction tool. An iterative method based on the log-likelihood approach was also implemented. Relative merits of all such methods are discussed, with reference to full Geant4 simulations of different scenarios, incorporating medium and high-Z objects inside a container.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Long-term safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of adalimumab biosimilar BI 695501 and adalimumab reference product in patients with moderately-to-severely active rheumatoid arthritis: results from a phase 3b extension study (VOLTAIRE-RAext)
Creators: name: Cohen, Stanley B.
name: Czeloth, Niklas
name: Lee, Eric
name: Klimiuk, Piotr A.
name: Peter, Nuala
name: Jayadeva, Girish
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: To evaluate long-term safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of BI 695501 in patients with moderately-to-severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have completed VOLTAIRE-RA. Methods: Eligible patients for this phase 3b open-label extension study (VOLTAIRE-RAext), who had completed 48 weeks’ treatment with BI 695501 (Group A), 24 weeks each of adalimumab RP then BI 695501 (Group B), or 48 weeks of adalimumab RP (Group C) in VOLTAIRE-RA, were enrolled. Results: Altogether, 430 patients received BI 695501 fortnightly for 48 weeks: Group A, n = 225; Group B, n = 103; Group C, n = 102. The proportion of patients with drug-related adverse events (AEs; overall 20.2%) was similar across Groups A, B, and C: 21.3%, 20.4%, and 17.6%, respectively. The majority of treatment-emergent AEs were non-serious and of mild/moderate intensity. Consistent with adalimumab RP’s safety profile, most drug-related AEs were in the system organ class infections and infestations. BI 695501 and adalimumab RP responses at the end of VOLTAIRE-RA were sustained during VOLTAIRE-RAext and all efficacy and immunogenicity endpoints were similar across groups. Conclusion: Over 2 years, BI 695501 showed similar safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity to adalimumab RP, independent of initial treatment in VOLTAIRE-RA. No previously unknown adalimumab side effects were identified. Clinical trial registration: NCT02640612. Watch the video with transcript on the Video Journal of Biomedicine
Two new dihydroisocoumarins and terpenoids from Scorzonera longiana Sümbül an endemic species to Turkey and their antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Korkmaz, Büşra
name: Renda, Gülin
name: Erik, İshak
name: Kılıç, Gözde
name: Coşkunçelebi, Kamil
name: Yaylı, Nurettin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Two new dihydroisocoumarins (scorzolongin I (1), and scorzolongin II (2)) and nine known compounds (3′,5′-dimethoxy hydrangenol (scorzolongin III, 3), cladantholide (4), dammar-24-ene-3β-ol (5), taraxasterol (6), β-sitosterol (7), mangifgerursanone (8), and a mixture of α-amyrenone (9a), β-amyrenone (9b), and dammar-24-ene-3-one (9c) in about 1:1:2 ratio) were identified from the dichloromethane fraction of Scorzonera longiana. The structure of all compounds (1–9a–c) were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR (1H, 13C/APT, COSY, HMBC, HSQC, and NOESY) spectroscopy, UV, FT-IR, and LC-QTOF-MS data and by comparison of their NMR data with the literature. These compounds have been isolated from S. longiana for the first time. An antimicrobial assay against eight microorganisms was applied to isolated compounds 1–3. Scorzolongin I, and scorzolongin II, and scorzolongin III showed notable activity against gram (-) (Escherichia coli and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis) and fungi (Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with 20 mm inhibition zone each. Scorzolongin II (2) exhibited strong activity against E. coli, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis C. albicans, S. cerevisiae with MIC value of 33.8 μg/mL.
Accessing inaccessible information via quantum indistinguishability
Creators: name: Horvat, Sebastian
name: Dakić, Borivoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present and analyze an information-theoretic task that consists in learning a bit of information by spatially moving the "target" particle that encodes it. We show that, on one hand, the task can be solved with the use of additional independently prepared quantum particles, only if these are indistinguishable from the target particle. On the other hand, the task can be solved with the use of distinguishable quantum particles, only if they are entangled with the target particle. Our task thus provides a new example in which the entanglement apparently inherent to independently prepared indistinguishable quantum particles is put into use for information processing. Importantly, a novelty of our protocol lies in that it does not require any spatial overlap between the involved particles. Besides analyzing the class of quantum-mechanical protocols that solve our task, we gesture towards possible ways of generalizing our results and of applying them in cryptography.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
$g$-factor anisotropy in nanowire-based InAs quantum dots
Creators: name: d'Hollosy, Samuel
name: Fábián, Gábor
name: Baumgartner, Andreas
name: Nygård, Jesper
name: Schönenberger, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination and control of the electron $g$-factor in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are fundamental prerequisites in modern concepts of spintronics and spin-based quantum computation. We study the dependence of the $g$-factor on the orientation of an external magnetic field in quantum dots (QDs) formed between two metallic contacts on stacking fault free InAs nanowires. We extract the $g$-factor from the splitting of Kondo resonances and find that it varies continuously in the range between $|g^*| = 5$ and 15.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures
Elimination of the A-square problem from cavity QED
Creators: name: Vukics, András
name: Grießer, Tobias
name: Domokos, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Power-Zineau-Woolley transformation to obtain a canonical Hamiltonian of cavity quantum electrodynamics for arbitrary geometry of boundaries. This Hamiltonian is free from the A-square term and the instantaneous Coulomb interaction between distinct atoms. The single-mode models of cavity QED (Dicke, Tavis-Cummings, Jaynes-Cummings) are justified by a term by term mapping to the proposed microscopic Hamiltonian. As one straightforward consequence, the basis of no-go argumentations concerning the Dicke phase transition with atoms in electromagnetic fields dissolves.
description: 5 pages
A Comparative Study of Image-to-Image Translation Using GANs for Synthetic Child Race Data
Creators: name: Yao, Wang
name: Farooq, Muhammad Ali
name: Lemley, Joseph
name: Corcoran, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The lack of ethnic diversity in data has been a limiting factor of face recognition techniques in the literature. This is particularly the case for children where data samples are scarce and presents a challenge when seeking to adapt machine vision algorithms that are trained on adult data to work on children. This work proposes the utilization of image-to-image transformation to synthesize data of different races and thus adjust the ethnicity of children's face data. We consider ethnicity as a style and compare three different Image-to-Image neural network based methods, specifically pix2pix, CycleGAN, and CUT networks to implement Caucasian child data and Asian child data conversion. Experimental validation results on synthetic data demonstrate the feasibility of using image-to-image transformation methods to generate various synthetic child data samples with broader ethnic diversity.
description: The Paper is accepted in 25th Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference (IMVIP23)
A new β-class milbemycin derivative from a mutant of genetically engineered strain Streptomyces avermitilis AVE-H39
Creators: name: Qi, Huan
name: Zhang, Cheng-Hong
name: Zhang, Shao-Yong
name: Song, Wen-Shuai
name: Xiang, Wen-Sheng
name: Zhang, Li-Qin
name: Wang, Ji-Dong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology

description: A new β-class milbemycin, 13α-hydroxy milbemycin β6 (1), was isolated from the fermentation broth of a mutant of genetically engineered strain Streptomyces avermitilis AVE-H39. Its structure and absolute configuration were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Solution-Processable Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Hole Injection Layer for High Luminance Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Creators: name: Shi, Shengwei
name: Sadhu, Veera
name: Moubah, Reda
name: Schmerber, Guy
name: Bao, Qinye
name: Silva, S. Ravi P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of solution-processable graphene oxide (GO) as hole injection layer in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is demonstrated. High luminance of over 53,000 cd m-2 is obtained at only 10 V. The results will unlock a route of applying GO in flexible OLEDs and other electrode applications.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Model-free optimization of power/efficiency tradeoffs in quantum thermal machines using reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Erdman, Paolo Andrea
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A quantum thermal machine is an open quantum system that enables the conversion between heat and work at the micro or nano-scale. Optimally controlling such out-of-equilibrium systems is a crucial yet challenging task with applications to quantum technologies and devices. We introduce a general model-free framework based on Reinforcement Learning to identify out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic cycles that are Pareto optimal trade-offs between power and efficiency for quantum heat engines and refrigerators. The method does not require any knowledge of the quantum thermal machine, nor of the system model, nor of the quantum state. Instead, it only observes the heat fluxes, so it is both applicable to simulations and experimental devices. We test our method on a model of an experimentally realistic refrigerator based on a superconducting qubit, and on a heat engine based on a quantum harmonic oscillator. In both cases, we identify the Pareto-front representing optimal power-efficiency tradeoffs, and the corresponding cycles. Such solutions outperform previous proposals made in the literature, such as optimized Otto cycles, reducing quantum friction.
description: 7+13 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.13525
The spatial structure of cell signaling systems
Creators: name: Nussinov, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The spatial structure of the cell is highly organized at all levels: from small complexes and assemblies, to local nano- and micro-clusters, to global, micrometer scales across and between cells. We suggest that this multiscale spatial cell organization also organizes signaling and coordinates cellular behavior. We propose a new view of the spatial structure of cell signaling systems. This new view describes cell signaling in terms of dynamic allosteric interactions within and among distinct, spatially organized transient clusters. The clusters vary over time and space and are on length scales from nanometers to micrometers. When considered across these length-scales, primary factors in the spatial organization are cell membrane domains and the actin cytoskeleton, both also highly dynamic. A key challenge is to understand the interplay across these multiple scales, link it to the physicochemical basis of the conformational behavior of single molecules, and ultimately relate it to cellular function. Overall, our premise is that at these scales, cell signaling should be thought of not primarily as a sequence of diffusion-controlled molecular collisions, but instead transient, allostery-driven cluster re-forming interactions.
description: 28 pages
GenomicsAotearoa/Kakapo: Publication Scripts and Workflows
Creators: name: Guhlin, Joseph
name: Lec, Marissa Le
name: Wold, Jana
name: Koot, Emily
name: Biggs, Patrick
name: Winter, David
name: Urban, Lara
name: Dearden, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Code Repository at the time of publication. Please cite the main publication if using this code.
description: Please cite publication.
Removal of hexavalent chromium using activated and magnetic Ziziphus Jujube seed biochar — a column study
Creators: name: Giri, Prathap Manthira
name: Parthasarathy, Purushothaman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In this study, activated and magnetic biochar prepared from Ziziphus Jujube Seeds (ZJS) is used to remove Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) using Fixed Bed Column Experiment. Physicochemical characteristics of the activated and magnetic biochar such as functional groups, surface area, morphological study, and magnetic properties were analyzed. The column experiment was carried out for varying bed heights (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cm), flow rates (20, 30 ml/min), and initial chromium concentrations (40, 60, 80 ppm) to determine adsorption performance of the studied biochar. The characteristic study found that magnetic biochar (MB) has good magnetic properties and crystallinity nature with essential functional groups such as C-O, FeO. The study found that Magnetic Biochar (MB) effectively removed 99% of hexavalent chromium through column adsorption under optimal conditions, including bed height of 6 cm, 60ppm Chromium concentration, and flow rate of 20 ml/min. Kinetic model study showed that Magnetic Biochar (MB) showed very good agreement with Adam Bohart Model, with R2 of 0.97, which is best fit model than other model studies whereas the other model showed a lesser R2 value. The study reveals that magnetic biochar from Ziziphus Jujube Seed is optimal adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) through column adsorption experiment. Activated, Magnetic biochar and Magnetic activated biochar was used to remove Cr(VI) in fixed bed column studies.Maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency was achieved at 6 cm bed height and 20 ml/min for all biochars.Magnetic biochar showed maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 99% at 60 ppm and 95% at 40 and 80 ppm.Langmuir isotherm, Pseudo second order kinetic and Adam Bohart Model were the best fit kinetic model. Activated, Magnetic biochar and Magnetic activated biochar was used to remove Cr(VI) in fixed bed column studies. Maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency was achieved at 6 cm bed height and 20 ml/min for all biochars. Magnetic biochar showed maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 99% at 60 ppm and 95% at 40 and 80 ppm. Langmuir isotherm, Pseudo second order kinetic and Adam Bohart Model were the best fit kinetic model.
Eavesdropping time and frequency: phase noise cancellation along a time-varying path, such as an optical fiber
Creators: name: Grosche, Gesine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-mode optical fiber is a highly efficient connecting medium, used not only for optical telecommunications but also for the dissemination of ultra-stable frequencies or timing signals. In 1994, Ma, Jungner, Ye and Hall described a measurement and control system to deliver the same optical frequency at two places, namely the two ends of a fiber, by eliminating the "fiber-induced phase-noise modulation, which corrupts high-precision frequency-based applications". We present a simple detection and control scheme to deliver the same optical frequency at many places anywhere along a transmission path, or in its vicinity, with a relative instability of 1 part in $10^{19}$. The same idea applies to radio frequency and timing signals. This considerably simplifies future efforts to make precise timing/frequency signals available to many users, as required in some large scale science experiments.
description: 4 pages
Singular limits for stochastic equations
Creators: name: Blömker, Dirk
name: Tölle, Jonas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K91, 60F05, 60H15, 60H17

description: We study singular limits of stochastic evolution equations in the interplay of disappearing strength of the noise and insufficient regularity, where the equation in the limit with noise would not be defined due to lack of regularity. We recover previously known results on vanishing small noise with increasing roughness, but our main focus is to study for fixed noise the singular limit where the leading order differential operator in the equation may vanish. Although the noise is disappearing in the limit, additional deterministic terms appear due to renormalization effects. We separate the analysis of the equation from the convergence of stochastic terms and give a general framework for the main error estimates. This first reduces the result to bounds on a residual and in a second step to various bounds on the stochastic convolution. Moreover, as examples we apply our result to the a singularly regularized Allen-Cahn equation with a vanishing Bilaplacian, and the Cahn-Hilliard/Allen-Cahn homotopy with space-time white noise in two spatial dimensions.
description: 25 pages, 40 references
Optimization of ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction to enhance cannabinoid recovery from hemp teas
Creators: name: Christodoulou, Marios C.
name: Ioannou, Georgia D.
name: Ioannou, Katerina A.
name: Christou, Atalanti
name: Stavrou, Ioannis J.
name: Kapnissi-Christodoulou, Constantina P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the ability of seven ionic liquids (ILs), NaBF4 salt, and five deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to extract five cannabinoids from hemp tea. Among the solvents examined, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) proved to be a promising solvent for the recovery of cannabinoids, and it was selected for the subsequent optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized theoretical conditions were as follows: 0.071 M BMIMCl, a solvent-to-solid ratio of 24.15 mL/g of dried hemp tea material, and an extraction time of 20.80 min. These conditions resulted in theoretical extraction yields of 98.34 μg/g for sample material for cannabichromene (CBC), 1104.69 μg/g for cannabidiol (CBD), 209.64 μg/g for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), 40.43 μg/g for cannabinol (CBN), and 55.49 μg/g for cannabigerol (CBG). For comparison purposes, the optimized extraction parameters were applied to three more cannabis teas, originating from the Netherlands, Greece, and Italy. The analysis revealed varying levels of detected cannabinoids and exhibited levels of Δ9-THC, ranging from 34.93 ± 0.24 μg/g to 199.46 ± 1.02 μg/g. Consequently, these findings have significant regulatory implications, as none of the examined hemp tea samples met the permitted zero tolerance threshold for Δ9-THC.
Resilience of helical fields to turbulent diffusion II: direct numerical simulations
Creators: name: Bhat, Pallavi
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent study of Blackman and Subramanian (Paper I) indicates that large scale helical magnetic fields are resilient to turbulent diffusion in the sense that helical fields stronger than a critical value, decay on slow (~resistively mediated), rather than fast ($\sim$ turbulent) time scales. This gives more credence to potential fossil field origin models of the magnetic fields in stars, galaxies and compact objects. We analyze a suite of direct numerical simulations (DNS) of decaying large scale helical magnetic fields in the presence of non-helical turbulence to further study the physics of helical field decay. We study two separate cases: (1) the initial field is large enough to decay resistively, is tracked until it transitions to decay fast, and the critical large scale helical field at that transition is sought; (2) the case of Paper I, wherein there is a critical initial helical field strength below which the field undergoes fast decay right from the beginning. In case (1), both DNS and solutions of the two scale model (from Paper 1), reveal that the transition energy, $E_{c1}$, is independent of the scale of the turbulent forcing, within a small range of $\Rm$. We also find that the kinetic alpha, $α_K$, is subdominant to magnetic alpha, $α_M$, in the DNS, justifying an assumption in the two scale model. For case (2), we show exact solutions of two scale model in the limit of $η\rightarrow 0$ in fully helical case, leading to the transition energy, $E_{c2} = (k_1/\kf)^2 M_{eq}$, where $k_1$ and $\kf$ are the large scale and small turbulent forcing scale respectively and $M_{eq}$ is the equipartition magnetic energy. The DNS in this case agree qualitatively with the two scale model but the $R_M$ currently achievable, is too small to satisfy a condition $3/R_M << (k_1/k_f)^2$, necessary to robustly reveal the transition, $E_{c2}$ (Abridged).
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Click linker: efficient and high yielding synthesis of a new family of kojic acid congeners as cytotoxic agents
Creators: name: Ravirala, Saidulu
name: Sura, Madhu Babu
name: Murugesan, Periyasamy
name: Tangutur, Anjana Devi
name: Ponnapalli, Mangala Gowri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Highly efficient methodology was developed for the construction of functionalized Kojic acid involving Click linker via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and their cytotoxicity against MCF-7, MIAPaCa-2 and DU145 mammalian cell lines were evaluated. Preliminary studies on structure-activity-relationship (SAR) revealed that substitution at C-2 of kojic acid as well as C-5 of 1,2,3-triazole motif played a major role in the activity profile. Kojic acid 1,2,3-triazole analogue 3 b containing an alkyl chain (n = 6) exhibited two fold potent activity than the parent compound, kojic acid against MCF-7 and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines. It induced apoptosis in these cell lines via ID1/PARP1 mediated pathway. The structures of the new analogues of kojic acid 1,2,3-triazole were confirmed by the detailed spectroscopic data analysis.
Loop counting matters in SMEFT
Creators: name: Buchalla, G.
name: Heinrich, G.
name: Müller-Salditt, Ch.
name: Pandler, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in addition to the counting of canonical dimensions, a counting of loop orders is necessary to fully specify the power counting of Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Using concrete examples, we demonstrate that considering the canonical dimensions of operators alone may lead to inconsistent results. The counting of both, canonical dimensions and loop orders, establishes a clear hierarchy of the terms in SMEFT. In practice, this serves to identify, and focus on, the potentially dominating effects in any given high-energy process in a meaningful way. Additionally, this will lead to a consistent limitation of free parameters in SMEFT applications.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures; references and minor comments added, version published in SciPost
Blur aware metric depth estimation with multi-focus plenoptic cameras
Creators: name: Labussière, Mathieu
name: Teulière, Céline
name: Ait-Aider, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While a traditional camera only captures one point of view of a scene, a plenoptic or light-field camera, is able to capture spatial and angular information in a single snapshot, enabling depth estimation from a single acquisition. In this paper, we present a new metric depth estimation algorithm using only raw images from a multi-focus plenoptic camera. The proposed approach is especially suited for the multi-focus configuration where several micro-lenses with different focal lengths are used. The main goal of our blur aware depth estimation (BLADE) approach is to improve disparity estimation for defocus stereo images by integrating both correspondence and defocus cues. We thus leverage blur information where it was previously considered a drawback. We explicitly derive an inverse projection model including the defocus blur providing depth estimates up to a scale factor. A method to calibrate the inverse model is then proposed. We thus take into account depth scaling to achieve precise and accurate metric depth estimates. Our results show that introducing defocus cues improves the depth estimation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework and depth scaling calibration on relative depth estimation setups and on real-world 3D complex scenes with ground truth acquired with a 3D lidar scanner.
description: 21 pages, 12 Figures, 3 Tables
Molecular responses of mouse macrophages to copper and copper oxide nanoparticles inferred from proteomic analyses
Creators: name: Triboulet, Sarah
name: Aude-Garcia, Catherine
name: Carrière, Marie
name: Diemer, Hélène
name: Proamer, Fabienne
name: Habert, Aurélie
name: Chevallet, Mireille
name: Collin-Faure, Véronique
name: Strub, Jean-Marc
name: Hanau, Daniel
name: Van Dorsselaer, Alain
name: Herlin-Boime, Nathalie
name: Rabilloud, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The molecular responses of macrophages to copper-based nanoparticles have been investigated via a combination of proteomic and biochemical approaches, using the RAW264.7 cell line as a model. Both metallic copper and copper oxide nanoparticles have been tested, with copper ion and zirconium oxide nanoparticles used as controls. Proteomic analysis highlighted changes in proteins implicated in oxidative stress responses (superoxide dismutases and peroxiredoxins), glutathione biosynthesis, the actomyosin cytoskeleton, and mitochondrial proteins (especially oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits). Validation studies employing functional analyses showed that the increases in glutathione biosynthesis and in mitochondrial complexes observed in the proteomic screen were critical to cell survival upon stress with copper-based nanoparticles; pharmacological inhibition of these two pathways enhanced cell vulnerability to copper-based nanoparticles, but not to copper ions. Furthermore, functional analyses using primary macrophages derived from bone marrow showed a decrease in reduced glutathione levels, a decrease in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and inhibition of phagocytosis and of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production. However, only a fraction of these effects could be obtained with copper ions. In conclusion, this study showed that macrophage functions are significantly altered by copper-based nanoparticles. Also highlighted are the cellular pathways modulated by cells for survival and the exemplified cross-toxicities that can occur between copper-based nanoparticles and pharmacological agents.
A new polyphenolic isoprenylated acetophenone dimer from the stem bark of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq
Creators: name: Nathabumroong, Suphasit
name: Wisetsai, Awat
name: Lekphrom, Ratsami
name: Suebrasri, Thanapat
name: Schevenels, Florian T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A new acetophenone dimer, 5′-prenylacrovestone (1), together with nineteen known compounds (2–20), were isolated from the stem bark of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq. Their structures were identified by thorough analysis of spectroscopic (IR, 1D and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometric data. The isolated compounds were tested against the bacterial pathogens MRSA, B. cereus, S. aureus and E. coli. Compound 3 demonstrated exceptionally potent antibacterial activity against each of the four strains (MIC values of 1 µg/mL).
A graph-based probabilistic geometric deep learning framework with online enforcement of physical constraints to predict the criticality of defects in porous materials
Creators: name: Krokos, Vasilis
name: Bordas, Stéphane P. A.
name: Kerfriden, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stress prediction in porous materials and structures is challenging due to the high computational cost associated with direct numerical simulations. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based architectures have recently been proposed as surrogates to approximate and extrapolate the solution of such multiscale simulations. These methodologies are usually limited to 2D problems due to the high computational cost of 3D voxel based CNNs. We propose a novel geometric learning approach based on a Graph Neural Network (GNN) that efficiently deals with three-dimensional problems by performing convolutions over 2D surfaces only. Following our previous developments using pixel-based CNN, we train the GNN to automatically add local fine-scale stress corrections to an inexpensively computed coarse stress prediction in the porous structure of interest. Our method is Bayesian and generates densities of stress fields, from which credible intervals may be extracted. As a second scientific contribution, we propose to improve the extrapolation ability of our network by deploying a strategy of online physics-based corrections. Specifically, we condition the posterior predictions of our probabilistic predictions to satisfy partial equilibrium at the microscale, at the inference stage. This is done using an Ensemble Kalman algorithm, to ensure tractability of the Bayesian conditioning operation. We show that this innovative methodology allows us to alleviate the effect of undesirable biases observed in the outputs of the uncorrected GNN, and improves the accuracy of the predictions in general.
description: 68 pages; 52 figures
Preparation mixed matrix membranes with different types of Al2O3-NOHMs for enhancing CO2 separation performance
Creators: name: Zhang, Chengpeng
name: Liu, Hongjing
name: Qiu, Hanyu
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Zhao, Xu
name: Jing, Xiaochun
name: Yao, Hui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Nano-organic hybrid materials (Al2O3-NOHMs) were synthesized with nano-alumina as the core, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyl) propyl trimethoxysiane (KH560) as the corona, and three of polyetheramine M2070, D2000, M1000 as the canopy, respectively. Al2O3-NOHMs were used as fillers to prepare MMMs with Pebax as substrate to improve the CO2 separation performance. The Al2O3-NOHMs were characterized by TEM and rheological properties. The results showed that the synthesized Al2O3-NOHMs were liquid-like and had a core-shell structure, which can effectively reduce Al2O3 agglomeration in the membrane. FT-IR analysis of MMMs showed that Al2O3-NOHMs and Pebax were physically blended, TGA indicated that Al2O3-NOHMs do not affect the thermal stability of the membrane, and XRD indicated that the addition of Al2O3-NOHMs destroyed the interchain hydrogen bond of Pebax and reduced the crystallinity of MMMs. The gas permeability of the membrane was tested under ideal gas conditions, compared with pure membrane, the CO2 permeability of Al2O3-NOHM(M2070)/Pebax MMMs and Al2O3-NOHM(D2000)/Pebax MMMs reached 137.15 Barrer (24.68%) and 147.52 Barrer (34.11%), and the selectivity of CO2/N2 reached 77.82 (58.84%) and 72.31 (47.59%) at 30°C and 0.3 MPa, respectively, surpassing 2008 Robeson upper bound.
Verification of first-principles codes: comparison of total energies, phonon frequencies, electron-phonon coupling and zero-point motion correction to the gap between ABINIT and QE/Yambo
Creators: name: Poncé, S.
name: Antonius, G.
name: Boulanger, P.
name: Cannuccia, E.
name: Marini, A.
name: Côté, M.
name: Gonze, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.4; D.2.5; I.6.2; J.2

description: With the ever-increasing sophistication of codes, the verification of the implementation of advanced theoretical formalisms becomes critical. In particular, cross comparison between different codes provides a strong hint in favor of the correctness of the implementations, and a measure of the (hopefully small) possible numerical differences. We lead a rigorous and careful study of the quantities that enter in the calculation of the zero-point motion renormalization of the direct band gap of diamond due to electron-phonon coupling, starting from the total energy, and going through the computation of phonon frequencies and electron-phonon matrix elements. We rely on two independent implementations : Quantum Espresso + Yambo and ABINIT. We provide the order of magnitude of the numerical discrepancies between the codes, that are present for the different quantities: less than $10^{-5}$ Hartree per atom on the total energy (-5.722 Ha/at), less than 0.07 cm$^{-1}$ on the $Γ,L,X$ phonon frequencies (555 to 1330 cm$^{-1}$), less than 0.5% on the square of the electron-phonon matrix elements and less than 4 meV on the zero-point motion renormalization of each eigenenergies (44 to 264 meV). Within our approximations, the DFT converged direct band gap renormalization in diamond due to the electron-phonon coupling is -0.409 eV (reduction of the band gap).
description: 11 pages, 5 figures