cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Role of Normal and Non-Normal Contributions to Enstrophy Production in the Near-Wall Region of a Turbulent Channel Flow
Creators: name: Keylock, Christopher J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The turbulent boundary-layer is a region where both preferential dissipation of energy and the production of significant vorticity arises as a consequence of the strong velocity gradients. Previous work has shown that, following a Reynolds decomposition of the enstrophy production, the purely fluctuating contribution is the dominant term and that near the wall this varies in a complex manner with height. In this study we additionally decompose the strain rate and vorticity terms into normal and non-normal components using a Schur decomposition and are able to explain all these features in terms of contributions at different heights from constituents involving different combinations of normal and non-normal quantities. What is surprising about our results is that while the mean shear and the action of larger scale structures should mean that non-normal effects are of over-riding importance, the most important individual term involves the fluctuating, normal straining in the transverse direction. Furthermore, the reason that the term that involves only non-normal contributions is smaller on average than that involving normal straining coupled to non-normal vorticity is that in the former case there are individual constituents that are negative in the mean. Hence, we not only explain the nature of near-wall enstrophy production in greater detail, but highlight how local straining that is orthogonal to the direction of the dominant mean and fluctuating shear plays a crucial role in amplifying vorticity that is yet to have developed sufficiently to gain a solid body rotational component.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Towards Scenario- and Capability-Driven Dataset Development and Evaluation: An Approach in the Context of Mapless Automated Driving
Creators: name: Grün, Felix
name: Nolte, Marcus
name: Maurer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The foundational role of datasets in defining the capabilities of deep learning models has led to their rapid proliferation. At the same time, published research focusing on the process of dataset development for environment perception in automated driving has been scarce, thereby reducing the applicability of openly available datasets and impeding the development of effective environment perception systems. Sensor-based, mapless automated driving is one of the contexts where this limitation is evident. While leveraging real-time sensor data, instead of pre-defined HD maps promises enhanced adaptability and safety by effectively navigating unexpected environmental changes, it also increases the demands on the scope and complexity of the information provided by the perception system.
 To address these challenges, we propose a scenario- and capability-based approach to dataset development. Grounded in the principles of ISO 21448 (safety of the intended functionality, SOTIF), extended by ISO/TR 4804, our approach facilitates the structured derivation of dataset requirements. This not only aids in the development of meaningful new datasets but also enables the effective comparison of existing ones. Applying this methodology to a broad range of existing lane detection datasets, we identify significant limitations in current datasets, particularly in terms of real-world applicability, a lack of labeling of critical features, and an absence of comprehensive information for complex driving maneuvers.
Erethizon F. Cuvier 1823
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Erethizon

description: Erethizon F. Cuvier, 1823. Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 9:432. TYPE SPECIES: Hystrix dorsata Linnaeus, 1758. COMMENTS: Erithizon Burnett, 1829, is a later spelling (Corbet and Hill 1980:189).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp.", "Burnett, G. T. 1829. Illustrations of the Alipeda. Quarterly Journal of Literature, Science and the Arts, 262 - 269.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp."]}
Guide to Land Contracts: Agricultural Projects
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sustainable agriculture--Economic aspects
subject: Sustainable agriculture--Government policy
subject: Agricultural development projects
subject: Agricultural development projects--Finance
subject: Contracts for deeds
subject: Agriculture and state
subject: Sustainable agriculture
subject: Agriculture
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Agricultural investment contracts can be complex, with complicated provisions that are difficult to understand. This Guide provides explanations for a range of common provisions, and includes a Glossary of legal and technical terms. It assists non-lawyers in better understanding agricultural investment contracts, such as those available on OpenLandContracts.org.

The Guide was prepared by International Senior Lawyers Project staff and volunteers in collaboration with the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment.
ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF SALINE LANDS IN NAMANGAN REGION ON THE HUMAN BODY
Creators: name: Kamalov, Bahodir
name: Isakov, Doniyor
name: Solijonov, Hikmatilla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In the context of climate change, the current environmental situation in the sphere of land and water resources use is rapidly deteriorating. The salinization of agricultural lands, soil degradation, and the unsuitable state of fertile lands caused by the irrational use of land and water resources are sad. Therefore, the use of water-saving technologies, strengthening of melioration measures, and quality control of agricultural products grown on adjacent lands are the requirements of the modern era.
Additional file 3 of Investigation of neomycin biodegradation conditions using ericoid mycorrhizal and white rot fungal species
Creators: name: Stenholm, Åke
name: Hedeland, Mikael
name: Pettersson, Curt E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 3. Appendix 3.
Confined states in quantum dots defined within finite flakes of bilayer graphene: Coupling to the edge, ionization threshold, and valley degeneracy
Creators: name: Żebrowski, D. P.
name: Wach, E.
name: Szafran, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum dots defined by external potentials within finite flakes of bilayer graphene using the tight-binding approach. We find that in the limit of large flakes containing zigzag edges the dot-localized energy levels appear within the energy continuum formed by extended states. As a consequence no ionization threshold for the carriers contained within the dot exists. For smaller flakes with zigzag boundaries the dot-localized energy levels appear interlaced with the energy levels outside the flake, so in a charging experiment the electrons will be added alternately to the dot area and to its neighborhood. We demonstrate that for flakes with armchair boundaries only, an energy window accessible uniquely to the dot-localized states is opened. Then a number of electrons can be added to the dot before the external states start to be occupied. We also discuss coupling of the dot-localized states to the edge states in the context of the valley degeneracy lifting. Moreover, we extract smooth envelope wave functions from the tight-binding solution and discuss their spatial symmetries. The coupling of the dot localized energy levels with reconstructed zigzag edges and atomic vacancies present within the layers is also considered.
description: 9 pages,13 figures
Erethizon dorsatum
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Erethizon
Erethizon dorsatum

description: Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:57. TYPE LOCALITY: E Canada (= Quebec Prov.). DISTRIBUTION: C Alaska (USA) to S Hudson Bay and Labrador (Canada), south to E Tennessee, C Iowa, and C Texas (USA), N Coahuila, Chihuahua, and Sonora (Mexico), and S California (USA). STATUS: Common. SYNONYMS: bruneri, couesi, doani, epixanthus, myops, nigrescens, picinum. COMMENTS: Reviewed by Miller and Kellogg (1955:631), who restricted the type locality; also see Anderson and Rand (1943). Includes couesi; (see review by Woods, 1973, Mammalian Species, 29). There are six subspecies.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Miller, G. S., Jr., and R. Kellogg. 1955. List of North American Recent mammals. Bulletin of United States National Museum, 205: 1 - 954.", "Anderson, R. M., and A. L. Rand. 1943. Variation in the porcupine (Genus Erethizon) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Research, section D, 21: 292 - 309.", "Woods, C. A. 1973. Erethizon dorsatum. Mammalian Species, 29 - 1 - 6."]}
Conference Report: Climate Change and Sustainable Investment in Natural Resources: From Consensus to Action
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Climatic changes
subject: Climatic changes--Economic aspects
subject: Investments--Environmental aspects
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sustainability
subject: Natural resources—Management

description: A short outcome document from CCSI’s Conference on “Climate Change and Sustainable Investment in Natural Resources: From Consensus to Action” is available here. This document, which was disseminated at COP22, provides a concise set of takeaways from the eleventh annual Columbia International Investment Conference, which took place on November 2-3, 2016, at Columbia University. The Conference offered a high-level opportunity to discuss how countries can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Paris Agreement, while also advancing the Sustainable Development Goals, and in particular the important implications for the world’s approach to natural resource investments. It featured leaders from government, the private sector, civil society, and academia, and brought together nearly 400 participants. In the lead-up to the Conference, CCSI also published a Blog Series on the Earth Institute’s State of the Planet Blog.
Sphiggurus F. Cuvier 1825
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus

description: Sphiggurus F. Cuvier, 1825. Dentes des Mammifères, p. 256. TYPE SPECIES: Hystrix spinosa F. Cuvier, 1823. SYNONYMS: Cercolabes, Sinoetherus. COMMENTS: This genus possibly dates from F. Cuvier, 1823. Mém Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris., 9:427, 433-435, where Sphiggurus seems only a French name "Sphiggure" except on pp. 433-434, where it is abbreviated "S. spinosa ". Formerly included in Coendou by Cabrera (1961:600), Walker et al. (1975:1012), and Hall (1981:853); see also comments under Coendou. Considered a distinct genus by Husson (1978:484-490), Woods (1984), and Nowak (1991). Emmons and Feer (1990:201) recognized Coendou [Sphiggurus] sneiderni, the White-fronted Hairy Dwarf Porcupine, from Cauca Department of Colombia, which is apparently known from only one specimen, but this species is not recognized here, and is tentatively placed in the synonymy of Echinoprocta following Cabrera (1961).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Walker, E. P., F. Warnick, S. E. Hamlet, K. I. Lange, M. A. Davis, H. E. Uible, and P. F. Wright. 1975. Mammals of the world. Third ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1: 1 - 646; 2: 647 - 1500.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90.", "Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls.", "Woods, C. A. 1984. Hystricoganth rodents. Pp. 389 - 446, in Orders and families of Recent mammals of the world (S. Anderson and J. K. Jones, Jr., eds.). Wiley, New York, 686 pp.", "Nowak, R. M. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World. Fifth ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1: 1 - 642; 2: 643 - 1629.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
Paper on the Business Case for Transparency
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Transparency in government
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Economic development
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Investments, Foreign (International law)
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International relations
subject: Economics

description: CCSI strongly supports the transparency of contracts and tax flows. CCSI shares the belief of many stakeholders that transparency is essential to leverage extractive industries for sustainable development and is in the mutual interest of all stakeholders. However, some industry players continue to voice the concern that increased transparency would be harmful for their business. Therefore, CCSI is working to also establish the business case for transparency.

In one such case, some industry players have been lobbying against the regulations developed by the Security and Exchange Commission to implement the mandatory disclosure provisions of the Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; section 1504 of that act requires all US listed companies to report detailed payments to governments on a project-by-project basis in all countries of operation. To support the SEC’s mandate in implementing the regulations, and to respond to some of the concerns of industry, CCSI identified the publicly listed extractive industry companies that disclose tax payments on a country-by-country basis and showed the correlation of this reporting practice with both higher financial performance and fewer reported incidences of human and environmental rights violations in the communities where they operate. A paper presenting the complete findings of the analysis is available here.
Additional file 4 of Investigation of neomycin biodegradation conditions using ericoid mycorrhizal and white rot fungal species
Creators: name: Stenholm, Åke
name: Hedeland, Mikael
name: Pettersson, Curt E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 4. Appendix 4.
Solutions to the quantum Rabi model with two equivalent qubits
Creators: name: Wang, Hui
name: He, Shu
name: Duan, Liwei
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Chen, Qing-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using extended coherent states, an analytically exact study has been carried out for the quantum Rabi model with two equivalent qubits. Compact transcendental functions of one variable have been derived leading to exact solutions. The energy spectrum is clearly identified and analyzed. Also obtained analytically is the necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of isolated exceptional solutions, which are not doubly degenerate as in the one-qubit quantum Rabi model.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Background Paper for Second Workshop on Contract Negotiation Support for Developing Host Countries
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Developing countries
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Economic development
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Investments, Foreign (International law)
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International relations
subject: Economics

description: The Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment (CCSI) and the Humboldt-Viadrina School of Governance (HSVG) have initiated a process to discuss the desirability and feasibility of mechanisms to provide negotiation support for developing host countries in their negotiations with major investors. For more on this initiative, visit the project page.

At a first workshop held in October 2011, participants agreed on the need for an expansion of support for developing countries in their contract negotiations.

A second workshop was held at Columbia University in July 2012 that undertook a gap analysis between the existing sources of support for developing countries in relation to complex contracts and the countries’ needs for such support. A background paper prepared by CCSI and HVSG for this workshop spelled out, for the purpose of guiding discussions the nature and scope of developing countries’ needs for support, the existing sources of support, the missing elements and challenges to address to fully meet these needs, and some possible options for delivering additional support.
MPEC 2023-V125 : 2023 VR3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VR3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Comparison Study of Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of Essential Tremor and Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Puertas-Martín, Verónica
name: Fernández-Guinea, Sara
name: Villarejo-Galende, Alberto
name: Louis, Elan D.
name: Romero, Juan Pablo
name: Benito-León, Julián
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tremor
subject: Parkinson's disease
subject: Neuropsychology
subject: Movement disorders
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are two of the most common movement disorders. Leaving aside their motor features, these two conditions share several non-motor features, including cognitive dysfunction and personality changes. However, there are few data comparing the cognitive and personality profiles of ET with PD. Here we compare the cognitive and personality profiles of the two diseases.

Methods: Thirty-two consecutive non-demented ET patients (13 females and 19 males) (67.7±9.8 years), 32 non-demented PD patients (13 females and 19 males) (67.7±9.5 years), and 32 healthy matched controls (14 females and 18 males) (67.9±10.1 years) underwent a neuropsychological test battery, including a global cognitive assessment and tests of attention, executive function, memory, language, and visuospatial function, as well as the Personality Assessment Inventory. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed, adjusted for age, sex, years of education, medications that potentially affect cognitive function, number of medications, and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Total Score.

Results: Neuropsychological scores were similar in PD and ET patients, but patients with disease performed more poorly than control subjects in cognitive tasks such as attention, executive function, memory, and naming.

Discussion: ET and PD exhibited similar deficits in specific aspects of neuropsychological functioning, particularly those thought to rely on the integrity of the prefrontal cortex, and this suggests involvement of frontocerebellar circuits. These findings further challenge the traditional view of ET as a benign and monosymptomatic disorder.
Sphiggurus insidiosus
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus insidiosus

description: Sphiggurus insidiosus (Lichtenstein, 1818). Zool. Mus. Univ. Berlin, p. 18-19. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia, Salvador. DISTRIBUTION: E and Amazonian Brazil, Surinam. STATUS: Unknown. SYNONYMS: melanurus. COMMENTS: Formerly included in Coendou; see Husson (1978:484), and comment under Sphiggurus. Emmons and Feer (1990:199-200) considered melanurus Wagner, 1842, to be a separate species (Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
Reply #2 to: Glycemic Choreoballism
Creators: name: Roy, Ujjawal
name: Das, Shyamal Kumar
name: Mukherjee, Adreesh
name: Panwar, Ajay
name: Biswas, Debsadhan
name: Pan, Koushik
name: Biswas, Atanu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Hyperglycemia
subject: Blood sugar
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: This Author Reply Letter was written in response to a Letter to the Editor:

Lee D, Ahn T. Glycemic choreoballism. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2016; 6. doi: 10.7916/D8QJ7HNF

The Letter to the Editor, above, was written in response to these two Case Reports:

Roy U, Das SK, Mukherjee A, et al. Irreversible hemichoreahemiballism in a case of nonketotic hyperglycemia presenting as the initial manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2016; 6. doi: 10.7916/D8QZ2B3F

Cosentino C, Torres L, Nuñez Y, et al. Hemichorea/hemiballism associated with hyperglycemia: report of twenty cases. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2016; 6. doi: 10.7916/D8DN454P
Influence on superconductivity in the parity mixing superconductor Li2T3B(T:Pt,Pd) by non-magnetic impurity and defect doping
Creators: name: Baoa, G.
name: Inada, Y.
name: Eguchi, G.
name: Maeno, Y.
name: Ichioka, M.
name: Zheng, G-q
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductors with noncentrosymmetric crystal structures such as Li2T3B(T:Pd,Pt) have been the focus of in-depth research with their parity mixing nature. In this study, we focused our research on non-magnetic impurity effect in Li2T3B (T: Pd, Pt). The nature of the pair breaking by non-magnetic impurity in the parity mixing superconducting state is still unclear. We prepared different quality samples of Li2Pd3B and Li2Pt3B by changing conditions in synthesizing, and sample qualities were estimated by residual resistivity. Spin singlet dominant superconductor Li2Pd3B exhibits the weak Tc suppression attributed by nonmagnetic impurity and defects, while Hc2 (0) value increased. This behavior is similar in ordinary s-wave superconductor. On the other hand, for the spin triplet dominant superconductor Li2Pt3B, it was suggested that the Cooper pair was broken and superconducting gap was decreased by non-magnetic impurities and defects. Li2Pt3B is similar to unconventional superconducting state.
description: published in Physica C 494 (2013) 95
Additional file 5 of Investigation of neomycin biodegradation conditions using ericoid mycorrhizal and white rot fungal species
Creators: name: Stenholm, Åke
name: Hedeland, Mikael
name: Pettersson, Curt E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 5. Appendix 5.
Sphiggurus mexicanus
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus mexicanus

description: Sphiggurus mexicanus (Kerr, 1792). In Linnaeus, Anim. Kingdom, 1:214. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, in the mountains. DISTRIBUTION: San Luis Potosi and Yucatan (Mexico) to W Panama. STATUS: CITES - Appendix III (Honduras). SYNONYMS: laenatus, liebmani, yucataniae.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Robust undulatory locomotion via neuromechanical adjustments in a dissipative medium
Creators: name: Ishimoto, Kenta
name: Moreau, Clément
name: Herault, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative environments are ubiquitous in nature, from microscopic swimmers in low-Reynolds-number fluids to macroscopic animals in frictional media. In this study, motivated by various behaviours of {\it Caenorhabditis elegans} during swimming and crawling locomotion, we consider a mathematical model of a slender elastic locomotor with an internal rhythmic neural pattern generator. By analysing the dynamical systems of the model using a Poincaré section, we found that local neuromechanical adjustments to the environment can create robust undulatory locomotion. This progressive behaviour emerges as a global stable periodic orbit in a broad range of parameter regions. Further, by controlling the mechanosensation, we were able to design the dynamical systems to manoeuvre with progressive, reverse, and turning motions as well as apparently random, complex behaviours, as experimentally observed in {\it C. elegans}. The mechanisms found in this study, together with our methodologies with the dynamical systems viewpoint, are useful for deciphering complex animal adaptive behaviours and also designing adaptive robots for a wide range of dissipative environments.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
History of Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Movement Disorders
Creators: name: Jabbari, Bahman
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tremor
subject: Dystonia
subject: Botulinum toxin
subject: Movement disorders
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: The frontiers of clinical medicine constantly expand as a result of the innovative efforts of visionary researchers and keen observations of seasoned clinicians. In medicine, rarely has a therapeutic agent been found efficacious in the management of so many symptoms and in such a relatively short time as botulinum toxin. One of the most notable contributions of botulinum toxin therapy in clinical medicine is in the field of movement disorders.

Methods: The English literature was searched using the Yale search engine including but not limited to PubMed and Ovid. The search includes articles from January 1 1980 to March 1 2016.

Results: A total of 2055 articles were identified. Of these, 132 met the criteria for this review.

Discussion: This historical review highlights early and seminal contributions that have introduced the application of botulinum toxins in the field of movement disorders and provides evidence-based contributions that have established botulinum toxin as an effective treatment for abnormal movements.
Sphiggurus pallidus
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus pallidus

description: Sphiggurus pallidus (Waterhouse, 1848). Nat. Hist. Mamm., 2:434. TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown, probably West Indies. DISTRIBUTION: West Indies. STATUS: Extinct. COMMENTS: Known only by the two immature specimens upon which the original description was based (Hall, 1981:854). Included in Sphiggurus based on the description of its pelage.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 776-777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90."]}
On the Gel'fand-Calderón inverse problem in two dimensions
Creators: name: Blåsten, Eemeli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove uniqueness and stability for the inverse boundary value problem of the two dimensional Schrödinger equation. We do not assume the potentials to be continuous or even bounded. Instead, we assume that some of their positive fractional derivatives are in a specific Lorentz space. These spaces are a natural generalization to the usual fractional Sobolev spaces. The thesis consists of two parts. In the first part, we define the generalized fractional Sobolev spaces and prove some of their properties including embeddings and interpolation identities. In particular we sharpen the usual Sobolev embedding into the space of Hölder-continuous functions, by showing that a particular kind of space embeds into the space of continuous functions without any modulus of continuity. The inverse problem is considered in the second part of the thesis. We prove a new Carleman estimate for $\partial$. This estimate has a fast decay rate, which will allow us to consider potentials with very low regularity. After that we use Bukhgeim's oscillating exponential solutions, Alessandrini's identity and stationary phase to get information about the difference of the potentials from the difference of the Cauchy data. The stability estimate will be of logarithmic type, but works with potentials of low regularity.
description: This is my PhD thesis which was successfully defended on the 30 of April 2013. Also published in E-Thesis: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-10-8699-1 Unigrafia, Dissertation: University of Helsinki 2013
Pancasila Student Profile Values in Kisah Dua Putri Dan Si Raja Ularstory to Shape Elementary School Students' Characters
Creators: name: Dwi Yuniasih, Saputr
name: Aprilia Rizki, Arifah
name: Naufal Allam, Gumelar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Pancasila Student Profile, folklore, elementary school

description: : Developing characters at the elementary school level through the Pancasila Student Profilebecomes one of the essential foundations in national education. This research seeks to explore the values of thePancasila Student Profile in folklore titled Kisah Dua Putri dan Si Raja Ular. This research used a qualitativedescriptive method with a content analysis approach. This approach was employed to explore the values of thePancasila Student Profile contained in the story from Papua. The divinity values; faith, fear of God Almighty,and noble manners include having morality towards nature and religion. The morality of protecting nature is amanifestation of noble manners that prioritizes the balance of nature. The morality of religion is reflected inactions when the characters keep praying and showing gratitude to the Almighty when facing hardships andafter successfully overcoming them. The value of unity in diversity is shown by the recognition and preservationof cultures in the community. Mutual cooperation is valued in completing work together and solving problemstogether. The value of independence is in the attitude of courage to embark on a challenging journey in theforest. Critical reasoning value is the ability to overcome existing problems. The value of creativity appearsthrough innovations or ideas generated by the main characters in the story
Orthostatic Tremor and Orthostatic Myoclonus: Weight-bearing Hyperkinetic Disorders: A Systematic Review, New Insights, and Unresolved Questions
Creators: name: Hassan, Anhar
name: Van Gerpen, Jay A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Myoclonus
subject: Tremor
subject: Hyperkinesia
subject: Movement disorders
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Orthostatic tremor (OT) and orthostatic myoclonus (OM) are weight-bearing hyperkinetic movement disorders most commonly affecting older people that induce “shaky legs” upon standing. OT is divided into “classical” and “slow” forms based on tremor frequency. In this paper, the first joint review of OT and OM, we review the literature and compare and contrast their demographic, clinical, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, pathophysiological, and treatment characteristics.

Methods: A PubMed search up to July 2016 using the phrases “orthostatic tremor,” “orthostatic myoclonus,” “shaky legs,” and “shaky legs syndrome” was performed.

Results: OT and OM should be suspected in older patients reporting unsteadiness with prolonged standing and/or who exhibit cautious, wide-based gaits. Surface electromyography (SEMG) is necessary to verify the diagnoses. Functional neuroimaging and electrophysiology suggest the generator of classical OT lies within the cerebellothalamocortical network. For OM, and possibly slow OT, the frontal, subcortical cerebrum is the most likely origin. Clonazepam is the most useful medication for classical OT, and levetiracetam for OM, although results are often disappointing. Deep brain stimulation appears promising for classical OT. Rolling walkers reliably improve gait affected by these disorders, as both OT and OM attenuate when weight is transferred from the legs to the arms.

Discussion: Orthostatic hyperkinesias are likely underdiagnosed, as SEMG is often unavailable in clinical practice, and thus may be more frequent than currently recognized. The shared weight-bearing induction of OT and OM may indicate a common pathophysiology. Further research, including use of animal models, is necessary to better define the prevalence and pathophysiology of OT and OM, in order to improve their treatment, and provide additional insights into basic balance and gait mechanisms.
Exponential Carmichael function
Creators: name: Lelechenko, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A25, 11M06, 11N37, 11N56

description: Consider exponential Carmichael function $λ^{(e)}$ such that $λ^{(e)}$ is multiplicative and $λ^{(e)}(p^a) = λ(a)$, where $λ$ is usual Carmichael function. We discuss the value of $\sum λ^{(e)}(n)$, where $n$ runs over certain subsets of $[1,x]$, and provide bounds on the error term, using analytic methods and especially estimates of $\int_1^T \bigl| ζ(σ+it) \bigr|^m dt$.
description: 9 pages
Sphiggurus spinosus
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus spinosus

description: Sphiggurus spinosus (F. Cuvier, 1823). Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 9:433. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, along the Paranâ River. DISTRIBUTION: Paraguay, S and E Brazil, NE Argentina, Uruguay. STATUS: CITES - Appendix III (Uruguay). SYNONYMS: affinis, couiy, nigricans, paragayensis, roberti, sericeus. COMMENTS: Possibly restricted to the shores of the Paranâ River. Formerly included in Coendou; see Husson (1978) and comment under Sphiggurus. Emmons and Feer (1990:200) considered the correct species name to be paragayensis Oken, 1816, which does predate Cuvier's name, but Cabrera (1961:602) noted that Oken's names are not recognized. If Oken's name is accepted, then the type species for Sphiggurus becomes paragayensis (see Tate, 1935:307).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
Struktur und Dynamik von Modellbiomembranen unter verschiedenen physikalischen und chemischen Bedingungen
Creators: name: Kriegler, Simon
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysikalische Chemie
subject: Membranen
subject: Lipide
subject: 540
subject: Lipide
subject: Biophysikalische Chemie

description: Plasmamembranen umgeben Zellen und deren Organellen, weshalb sie in praktisch jedem Lebewesen vorkommen und wichtige biologische Funktionen übernehmen. Dabei fungieren sie als spezifische Barriere, die die Diffusion von Stoffen in und aus der Zelle regulieren. Biomembranen reagieren empfindlich auf Temperatur- und Druckänderungen sowie auf die Anwesenheit bestimmter Cosolventien. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich im Wesentlichen mit den Auswirkungen verschiedener Substanzen auf Modellbiomembranen in Abhängigkeit des Drucks und der Temperatur. In dieser Dissertation konnte gezeigt werden, dass in Bakterien vorkommende ungesättigte Lipide die auf dem Mars vorkommenden Umweltbedingungen überstehen, sodass prokaryotische Zellmembranen in den Salzlaken unterhalb des Südpols der Marsoberfläche überdauern könnten. Außerdem wurden die verschiedenen Anpassungen von Lipidmembranen an hohe hydrostatische sowie osmotische Drücke studiert. Die Kombination aus der Zugabe eines antimikrobiellen Peptids und einer Hochdruckbehandlung auf bakterielle Modellmembranen demonstriert einen neuen Ansatz zur Nahrungsmittelkonservierung. Ein weiteres Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit dem Einfluss bestimmter pseudo-Naturstoffe, die durch lysosomale Membranen diffundieren können, um die Aktivität der verdauenden Enzyme innerhalb von Lysosomen durch eine pH-Wert Änderung zu senken. Zuletzt befasst sich diese Arbeit mit dem Einbau von künstlichen Lipiden auf Imidazolbasis in verschiedene Phospholipidmembransysteme zur gezielten Manipulation derer Eigenschaften.
Additional file 7 of Early effects of LPS-induced neuroinflammation on the rat hippocampal glycolytic pathway
Creators: name: Vizuete, Adriana Fernanda K.
name: Fróes, Fernanda
name: Seady, Marina
name: Zanotto, Caroline
name: Bobermin, Larissa Daniele
name: Roginski, Ana Cristina
name: Wajner, Moacir
name: Quincozes-Santos, André
name: Gonçalves, Carlos Alberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7: Table S1. List of antibodies used in this study.
Constraints on typical relic gravitational waves based on data of LIGO
Creators: name: Zhang, Minghui
name: Wen, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relic gravitational waves (RGWs) from early universe carry fundamental information, so it's extraordinarily important to search RGW signals from data of observatories like LIGO-Virgo network. Here, focusing on typical RGWs from inflation and first-order phase transition (by sound waves and bubble collisions), effective and targeted deep learning neural networks are established to search RGW signals among real LIGO data (O2, O3a and O3b). We construct Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to estimate likelihood (by quantitative values and distributions) of existence of focused RGW signals in LIGO data, or provide constraints on their strengths. We find if the built CNN properly estimates the parameters of RGWs, it can accurately (about 94% to 99%) determine whether the samples contain RGW signals, and if not, the likelihood given by CNN is not reliable. After testing large amount of LIGO datasets, the results indicate no evidence of RGWs from inflation, sound waves, or bubble collisions predicted by focused theories, and it provides upper limits of their GW spectral energy densities of h^2Ω_{gw} of 10^{-5} (for various orders of GW amplitude given specific parameter regions by reverse mapping). In short, null results and upper limits are acquire; the methods and neural networks we develop to search RGWs from LIGO data could be effective and reliable, which can be applied not only for current data but also upcoming O4 data or other observational datasets, to establish an available scheme for exploring potential RGW signals or to provide constraints on relevant theoretical models.
Sphiggurus vestitus
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus vestitus

description: Sphiggurus vestitus (Thomas, 1899). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 4:284. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, W Venezuela south of Lake Maracaibo at [+/-] 2,600 m elevation. STATUS: Extremely rare. SYNONYMS: pruinosus. COMMENTS: Includes pruinosus Thomas, 1905 (see Cabrera, 1961:284). But also see Handley (1976:55), who listed pruinosus as distinct species, without comment. Emmons and Feer (1990:201) also considered pruinosus as a distinct species (Frosted Hairy Dwarf Porcupine), which is "apparently rare, known only from a few specimens" from the Andes near Mérida, Venezuela. Formerly included in Coendou (see comment under Sphiggurus).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Handley, C. O., Jr. 1976. Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 20: 1 - 91.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ПРИТЧИ В МЕТОДИКЕ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ
Creators: name: Эмирова Елена Энверовна кандидат философских наук, доцент Узбекского  Государственного университета Мировых Языков
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: в статье раскрываются особенности внедрения философских притч в методику преподавания философии, через обсуждение смыслов данных притч и интерактивный метод проведения занятий. Данная инновационная технология помогает студентам  вырабатывать собственные суждения по разным вопросам, что способствует формированию критического мышления.

          Ключевые слова:  Инновационные технологии преподавания, методика преподавания философии, философские притчи, обсуждение в группах, оптимизация занятий,  критическое мышление, творческие способности,  самостоятельность мышления, активная позиция
Magnetic properties of La(0.67)Sr(0.33)MnO3/BiFeO3(001) heterojunctions: chemically abrupt versus atomic intermixed interface
Creators: name: Neumann, R. F.
name: Bahiana, M.
name: Binggeli, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles density-functional calculations, we address the magnetic properties of the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet La(0.67)Sr(0.33)MnO3/BiFeO3(001) heterojunctions, and investigate possible driving mechanisms for a ferromagnetic (FM) interfacial ordering of the Fe spins recently observed experimentally. We find that the chemically abrupt defect-free La(0.67)Sr(0.33)MnO3/BiFeO3(001) heterojunction displays, as ground state, an ordering with compensated Fe spins. Cation Fe/Mn intermixing at the interface tends to favour, instead, a FM interfacial order of the Fe spins, coupled antiferromagnetically to the bulk La(0.67)Sr(0.33)MnO3 spins, as observed experimentally. Such trends are understood based on a model description of the energetics of the exchange interactions.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Association of α-klotho with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Castelblanco, Esmeralda
name: Hernández, Marta
name: Alonso, Nuria
name: Ribes-Betriu, Aina
name: Real, Jordi
name: Granado-Casas, Minerva
name: Rossell, Joana
name: Rojo-López, Marina Idalia
name: Dusso, Adriana Silvia
name: Julve, Josep
name: Mauricio, Didac
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
ATLAS searches for additional scalars and exotic Higgs boson decays with the LHC Run 2 dataset
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report reviews the published results of searches for possible additional scalar particles and exotic decays of the Higgs boson performed by the ATLAS Collaboration using up to 140 fb$^{-1}$ of 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. Key results are examined, and observed excesses, while never statistically compelling, are noted. Constraints are placed on parameters of several models which extend the Standard Model, for example by adding one or more singlet or doublet fields, or offering exotic Higgs boson decay channels. Summaries of new searches as well as extensions of previous searches are discussed. These new results have a wider reach or attain stronger exclusion limits. New experimental techniques that were developed for these searches are highlighted. Search channels which have not yet been examined are also listed, as these provide insight into possible future areas of exploration.
description: 110 pages in total, author list starting page 93, 64 figures, 2 tables, published as Phys. Rep. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2023-15