cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low density symmetry energy effects in the neutron star crust properties
Creators: name: Kubis, S.
name: Porebska, J.
name: Alvarez-Castillo, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form of the nuclear symmetry energy $E_s$ around saturation point density leads to a different crust-core transition point in the neutron star and affect the crust properties. We show that the knowledge about $E_s$ close to the saturation point is not sufficient, because the very low density behaviour is relevant. We also claim that crust properties are strongly influenced by the very high density behavior of $E_s$, so in order to conclude about the form of low density part of the symmetry energy one must isolate properly the high density part.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, essential changes in the content (version 2 is meaningless due to improper submission)
Superconducting and structural properties of the type-I superconductor PdTe2 under high pressure
Creators: name: Furue, Yusaku
name: Fujino, Tadachika
name: Salis, Marc V.
name: Leng, Huaqian
name: Ishikawa, Fumihiro
name: Naka, Takashi
name: Nakano, Satoshi
name: Huang, Yingkai
name: de Visser, Anne
name: Ohmura, Ayako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition metal dichalcogenide PdTe$_2$ has attractive features based on its classification as a type-II Dirac semimetal and the occurrence of type-I superconductivity, providing a platform for discussion of a topological superconductor. Our recent work revealed that type-I superconductivity persists up to pressures of $\sim2.5$ GPa and the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ reaches a maximum at around 1 GPa, which is inconsistent with the theoretical prediction. To understand its non-monotonic variation and investigate superconductivity at higher pressures, we performed structural analysis by x-ray diffraction at room temperature below 8 GPa and electrical resistivity measurements at low temperatures from 1 to 8 GPa. With regard to the superconductivity beyond 1 GPa, the monotonic decrease in $T_{\rm c}$ is reproduced without any noticeable anomalies; $T_{\rm c}$ changes from 1.8 K at 1 GPa to 0.82 K at 5.5 GPa with $dT_{\rm c}/dP\sim-0.22$ K/GPa. The crystal structure with spacegroup $P$\={3}$m$1 is stable in the pressure range we examined. On the other hand, the normalized pressure-strain analysis (finite strain analysis) indicates that the compressibility changes around 1 GPa, suggesting that a Lifshitz transition occurs. We here discuss the effect of pressure on the superconducting and structural properties based on the comparison of these experimental results.
OS IMPACTOS DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: UMA REALIDADE NA SEARA JURÍDICA
Creators: name: Anna Carolyne Bandeira COIMBRA
name: Bruna Vieira da SILVA
name: Amanda Lemos CORRÊA
name: Camila Teixeira de Oliveira Penna CHAVES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Inteligência Artificial
Inovações tecnológicas
Sistema jurídico

description: RESUMO

 

Este artigo tem o intuito de ampliar o conhecimento sobre as inovações tecnológicas promovidas pelo uso da inteligência artificial na seara jurídica. O estudo visa analisar o progresso, bem como os impactos da inteligência artificial nesse âmbito, tanto no cenário contemporâneo quanto no futuro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico, desenvolvida a partir de materiais já publicados em artigos e revistas recentes. A análise é de grande importância, pois proporciona uma compreensão aprofundada sobre o uso da tecnologia mencionada, destacando, tanto seus benefícios, quanto seus malefícios no contexto do sistema forense, permitindo uma avaliação criteriosa dos impactos tecnológicos.
Additional file 2 of Identification of QTL regions and candidate genes for growth and feed efficiency in broilers
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Zheng, Maiqing
name: Zhao, Guiping
name: Wang, Jie
name: Liu, Jie
name: Wang, Shunli
name: Feng, Furong
name: Liu, Dawei
name: Zhu, Dan
name: Li, Qinghe
name: Guo, Liping
name: Guo, Yuming
name: Liu, Ranran
name: Wen, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Statistics of the number of male and female broilers, separately, slaughtered in hatches and generations 5 to 7.
Decoherence, Entanglement and Irreversibility in Quantum Dynamical Systems with Few Degrees of Freedom
Creators: name: Jacquod, Ph.
name: Petitjean, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review summarizes and amplifies on recent investigations of coupled quantum dynamical systems in the short wavelength limit. We formulate and attempt to answer three fundamental questions: (i) What drives a dynamical quantum system to behave classically ? (ii) What determines the rate at which two coupled quantum--mechanical systems become entangled ? (iii) How does irreversibility occur in quantum systems with few degrees of freedom ? We embed these three questions in the broader context of the quantum--classical correspondence, which motivates the use of short--wavelength approximations to quantum mechanics such as the trajectory-based semiclassical methods and random matrix theory. Doing so, we propose a novel investigative procedure towards decoherence and the emergence of classicality out of quantumness in dynamical systems coupled to external degrees of freedom. We reproduce known results derived using master equation or Lindblad approaches but also generate novel ones. In particular we show how local exponential instability also affects the temporal evolution of quantum chaotic dynamical systems. We extensively rely on numerical experiments to illustrate our findings and briefly comment on possible extensions to more complex problems involving environments with $n \gg 1$ interacting dynamical systems, going beyond the uncoupled harmonic oscillator model of Caldeira and Leggett.
description: Final version, to appear in Advances in Physics
title: La valutazione dei e nei sistemi formativi e-learning
Creators: name: Nirchi, Stefania
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Il crescente ricorso alle tecnologie digitali nel mondo dell’istruzione ha arricchito con nuove potenzialità i modelli di apprendimento. La formazione erogata attraverso la rete ha aperto il sapere anche fuori dall’aula e spinto i sistemi educativi europei ad adeguarsi e a raccogliere la sfida della innovazione intensificando le proprie attività di e-learning.  A partire  dal framework internazionale su questo tema, si analizzano alcuni documenti europei, come il “Piano d’azione per l’istruzione digitale 2021-2027” e si approfondiscono due aspetti salienti della formazione e-learning: la progettazione e la comunicazione. Muovendo dall’analisi del dibattito teorico, nell’ultima parte il volume evidenzia l’importanza della valutazione degli apprendimenti e della dimensione collaborativa/sociale nella formazione e-learning. Nel quadro davvero complesso in cui si trova oggi la formazione, ad ogni livello e grado di istruzione, anche a causa dell’emergenza sanitaria da Covid-19 ancora in corso, il testo intende offrire un contributo alla riflessione critica sul tema della valutazione ed essere d’aiuto agli insegnanti, nella loro formazione professionale, fornendo loro spunti per acquisire o rinsaldare quelle competenze ritenute indispensabili per progettare una formazione e-Learning di qualità.
Search for Anomalous Production of Events with Two Photons and Additional Energetic Objects at CDF
Creators: name: The CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a search for anomalous production of two photons together with an electron, muon, $τ$ lepton, missing transverse energy, or jets using $p\bar{p}$ collision data from 1.1-2.0 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). The event yields and kinematic distributions are examined for signs of new physics without favoring a specific model of new physics. The results are consistent with the standard model expectations. The search employs several new analysis techniques that significantly reduce instrumental backgrounds in channels with an electron and missing transverse energy.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Modeling of Polymer Clay Nanocomposite for a Multiscale Approach
Creators: name: Spencer, Paul E
name: Sweeney, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical property enhancement of polymer reinforced with nano-thin clay platelets (of high aspect ratio) is associated with a high polymer-filler interfacial area per unit volume. The ideal case of fully separated (exfoliated) platelets is generally difficult to achieve in practice: a typical nanocomposite also contains multilayer stacks of intercalated platelets. Here we use numerical modelling to investigate how the platelet properties affect the overall mechanical properties. The configuration of platelets is modelled using a statistical interpretation of the Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach, in which an ensemble of "sample" heterogeneous material is generated (with periodic boundary conditions). A simple Monte Carlo algorithm is used to place non-intersecting platelets in the RVE according to a specified set of statistical distributions. The effective stiffness of the platelet-matrix system is determined by measuring the stress (using standard Finite Element analysis) produced as a result of applying a small deformation to the boundaries, and averaging over the entire statistical ensemble. In this work we determine the way in which the platelet properties (curvature, filling fraction, stiffness, aspect ratio) and the number of layers in the stack affect the overall stiffness enhancement of the nanocomposite. Thus, we bridge the gap between behaviour on the macroscopic scale with that on the scale of the nano-reinforcement, forming part of a multi-scale modelling framework.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures
Searching for an additional high-energy component in Fermi-LAT GRB afterglows
Creators: name: He, Xin-Bo
name: Tam, Pak-Hin Thomas
name: Long, Guang-Bo
name: Pal, Partha Sarathi
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Zhang, Li-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VHE component from at least two GRBs, i.e., GRB180720B and GRB190114C, has been detected in the afterglow phase. We systematically analyzed 199 GRBs detected by Fermi-LAT during 2008-2019. If an additional high-energy component exists in the afterglows of Fermi-LAT GRBs, the best-fit spectral model could be a broken power-law (BPL) model with an upturn above a break energy. We compare the afterglow spectra using PL and BPL representations. Out of the 30 GRBs with >10GeV photons that arrived after T90, 25 GRBs are tentatively or significantly detected at 0.1-200 GeV after 2*T90. The spectrum of GRB131231A shows an upturn above a break of 1.6+-0.8~GeV, supporting the BPL model. For GRB131231A, we performed a modeling of its X-ray and gamma-ray spectra, and found that the SSC model can explain the upturn with acceptable parameter values. In the cases of GRBs 190114C, 171210A, 150902A, 130907A, 130427A, and 090902B, the improvement of the BPL fit compared to the PL fit is tentative or marginal. There is no conclusive evidence that an additional higher energy component commonly exists in Fermi-LAT GRB afterglows, except for a group of Fermi-LAT GRBs mentioned above. Such an additional high-energy component may be explained by the synchrotron self-Compton mechanism. Current and future VHE observations will provide important constraints on the issue.
description: A\&A in press. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2002.08734
Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Observations of a Strong Flaring Activity in M87 in 2008 February
Creators: name: MAGIC Collaboration
name: Albert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M87 is the only known non blazar radio galaxy to emit very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays. During a monitoring program of M87, a rapid flare in VHE gamma-rays was detected by the MAGIC telescope in early 2008. The flux was found to be variable above 350 GeV on a timescale as short as 1 day at a significance level of $5.6σ$. The highest measured flux reached 15% of the Crab Nebula flux. We observed several substantial changes of the flux level during the 13 day observing period. The flux at lower energies (150 -- 350 GeV), instead, is compatible with being constant. The energy spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index of $2.30 \pm 0.11_\mathrm{stat} \pm 0.20_\mathrm{syst}$. The observed day-scale flux variability at VHE prefers the M87 core as source of the emission and implies that either the emission region is very compact (just a few Schwarzschild radii) or the Doppler factor of the emitting blob is rather large in the case of a non expanding emission region.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, small changes to fit the ApJL version
Independent Measurement of the Total Active 8B Solar Neutrino Flux Using an Array of 3He Proportional Counters at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Creators: name: SNO Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of 3He proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (nu_x) 8B solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be 5.54(+0.33/-0.31 stat, +0.36/-0.34 syst) x 10^6 cm^-2 s^-1, in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields Delta m^2 = 7.59(+0.19/-0.21) x 10^-5 eV^2 and theta = 34.4(+1.3/-1.2) degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, version accepted by Phys Rev Lett, added latest KamLAND 2881 ton-year data and 192 day Borexino data
A continuum model for the unfolding of von Willebrand Factor
Creators: name: Zhussupbekov, Mansur
name: Rojano, Rodrigo Mendez
name: Wu, Wei-Tao
name: Massoudi, Mehrdad
name: Antaki, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: von Willebrand Factor is a mechano-sensitive protein circulating in blood that mediates platelet adhesion to subendothelial collagen and platelet aggregation at high shear rates. Its hemostatic function and thrombogenic effect, as well as susceptibility to enzymatic cleavage, are regulated by a conformational change from a collapsed globular state to a stretched state. Therefore, it is essential to account for the conformation of the vWF multimers when modeling vWF-mediated thrombosis or vWF degradation. We introduce a continuum model of vWF unfolding that is developed within the framework of our multi-constituent model of platelet-mediated thrombosis. The model considers two interconvertible vWF species corresponding to the collapsed and stretched conformational states. vWF unfolding takes place via two regimes: tumbling in simple shear and strong unfolding in flows with dominant extensional component. These two regimes were demonstrated in a Couette flow between parallel plates and an extensional flow in a cross-slot geometry. The vWF unfolding model was then verified in several microfluidic systems designed for inducing high-shear vWF-mediated thrombosis and screening for von Willebrand Disease. The model predicted high concentration of stretched vWF in key regions where occlusive thrombosis was observed experimentally. Strong unfolding caused by the extensional flow was limited to the center axis or middle plane of the channels, whereas vWF unfolding near the channel walls relied upon the shear tumbling mechanism. The continuum model of vWF unfolding presented in this work can be employed in numerical simulations of vWF-mediated thrombosis or vWF degradation in complex geometries. However, extending the model to 3-D arbitrary flows and turbulent flows will pose considerable challenges.
Decay resistance of slurry erominated wet-process high-density hardboard
Creators: name: Hong, Hon-Min
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Biodeterioration tests were done to investigate the decay resistance property of slurry brominated wet-process high-density hardboard. The advantage of resistance against decay will increase the marginal economics of the brominated board which was developed initially as a fire-resistant materials only. Non-brominated and brominated hardboards were examined, using a soil-jar method, for their resistance to decay by four brcwn-rot and two white-rot fungi. Six types of hardboard were used; fiber only, fiber plus phenolic resin, and fiber plus polyethyleniffline resin, as well as three brominated counterparts for these three control treatments. Although the influence of the adhesive on the rates of decay was small, the polyethylenimine resin, which contained high amount of nitrogen compound, showed some stimulatory effect. Bromination significantly increased the resistance of hardboard to decay by brown-rot fungi, although this resistance could be reduced by leaching the brcminated board in cold water before attack by the fungi. It is probable that the formation of bromhydrins of lignin by bromination of the hardboard prevented the attack of the hardboards by two white-rot fungi. Among the brown-rot fungi, Lenzites trabea Pers. ex Pr, was the most sensitive to growing on brominated board. It was also found that brown-rot fungi were more active in decaying both non-brominated and brominated hardboard which were initially at a moisture content of 8% compared with 20%, Using either wet heat or ethylene oxide, as sterilization treatments of the boards, gave no difference in the subsequent decay rates of non-brominated boards by the brown-rot fungi. With brominated boards, the ethylene oxide treatment appeared to increase their susceptibility to decay by these fungi. The soil-jar method, modified from ASTM D1413-76, proved to be a suitable technique for evaluating the decay resistance of hardboard.
Pfaffian and fragmented states at nu=5/2 in quantum Hall droplets
Creators: name: Saarikoski, H.
name: Tolo, E.
name: Harju, A.
name: Rasanen, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a gas of electrons is confined to two dimensions, application of a strong magnetic field may lead to startling phenomena such as emergence of electron pairing. According to a theory this manifests itself as appearance of the fractional quantum Hall effect with a quantized conductivity at an unusual half-integer nu=5/2 Landau level filling. Here we show that similar electron pairing may occur in quantum dots where the gas of electrons is trapped by external electric potentials into small quantum Hall droplets. However, we also find theoretical and experimental evidence that, depending on the shape of the external potential, the paired electron state can break down, which leads to a fragmentation of charge and spin densities into incompressible domains. The fragmentation of the quantum Hall states could be an issue in the proposed experiments that aim to probe for non-abelian quasi-particle characteristics of the nu=5/2 quantum Hall state.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Why are Some Bugs Non-Reproducible? An Empirical Investigation using Data Fusion
Creators: name: Rahman, Mohammad Masudur
name: Khomh, Foutse
name: Castelluccio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2; D.2.5; D.2.7

description: Software developers attempt to reproduce software bugs to understand their erroneous behaviours and to fix them. Unfortunately, they often fail to reproduce (or fix) them, which leads to faulty, unreliable software systems. However, to date, only a little research has been done to better understand what makes the software bugs non-reproducible. In this paper, we conduct a multimodal study to better understand the non-reproducibility of software bugs. First, we perform an empirical study using 576 non-reproducible bug reports from two popular software systems (Firefox, Eclipse) and identify 11 key factors that might lead a reported bug to non-reproducibility. Second, we conduct a user study involving 13 professional developers where we investigate how the developers cope with non-reproducible bugs. We found that they either close these bugs or solicit for further information, which involves long deliberations and counter-productive manual searches. Third, we offer several actionable insights on how to avoid non-reproducibility (e.g., false-positive bug report detector) and improve reproducibility of the reported bugs (e.g., sandbox for bug reproduction) by combining our analyses from multiple studies (e.g., empirical study, developer study).
description: 12 pages
การสร้างทีมงานพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์สำหรับ SMEs ของไทย เพื่อตอบรับ AEC
Creators: name: ชลธิศ ดาราวงษ์
Publisher: name: คณะพาณิชยศาสตร์และการบัญชี มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2014
Subjects: ทีมพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์ใหม่; วิสาหกิจขนาดกลางและขนาดย่อม; ประชาคมเศรษฐกิจอาเซียน

description: 141 (ม.ค.-มี.ค. 57), 37, วารสารบริหารธุรกิจ JBA
Excitations of attractive 1-D bosons: Binding vs. fermionization
Creators: name: Tempfli, Emmerich
name: Zöllner, Sascha
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stationary states of few bosons in a one-dimensional harmonic trap are investigated throughout the crossover from weak to strongly attractive interactions. For sufficient attraction, three different classes of states emerge: (i) N-body bound states, (ii) bound states of smaller fragments, and (iii) gas-like states that fermionize, that is, map to ideal fermions in the limit of infinite attraction. The two-body correlations and momentum spectra characteristic of the three classes are discussed, and the results are illustrated using the soluble two-particle model.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary Material from New insights into large tropical tree mass and structure from direct harvest and terrestrial lidar
Creators: name: Burt, A.
name: M. Boni Vicari
name: A. C. L. Da Costa
name: Coughlin, I.
name: P. Meir
name: L. Rowland
name: Disney, M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: This document contains two appendices to our paper entitled ‘New insights into large tropical tree mass and structure from direct harvest and terrestrial lidar’. Appendix A considers the allometric approach to estimating the above-ground biomass of the four harvested trees. In particular, we consider our choice of allometric model. Appendix B then considers the lidar-derived approach to estimating above-ground biomass. We demonstrate how the various data processing steps influence the performance of estimates.
Physical properties of liquid oxygen under ultrahigh magnetic fields
Creators: name: Nomura, T.
name: Ikeda, A.
name: Gen, M.
name: Matsuo, A.
name: Kindo, K.
name: Kohama, Y.
name: Matsuda, Y. H.
name: Zherlitsyn, S.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Tsuda, H.
name: Kobayashi, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the acoustic properties of liquid oxygen up to 90 T by means of ultrasound measurements. We observed a monotonic decrease of the sound velocity and an asymptotic increase of the sound attenuation when applying magnetic fields. The unusual attenuation, twenty times as large as the zero-field value, suggests strong fluctuations of the local molecular arrangement. We point out that the observed fluctuations are related to a liquid-liquid transition or crossover, from a small-magnetization to a large-magnetization liquid, which is characterized by a local-structure rearrangement. To investigate higher-field properties of liquid oxygen, we performed single-turn-coil experiments up to 180 T by means of the acoustic, dilatometric, magnetic, and optical techniques. We observed only monotonic changes of these properties, reflecting the absence of the proposed liquid-liquid transition in our experimental conditions.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.01207
Investigation of fraud in the production of butter: a forensic case study of criminal association
Creators: name: de Novais, Leice Milla Ribeiro
name: Melara, Vinícius Kemper
name: Salome, Kahlil Schwanka
name: Barison, Andersson
name: de Oliveira Mascarenhas, Ricardo
name: de Oliveira Andrade, Marcus Vinicius
name: Lasmar, Marcelo Carvalho
name: de Freitas, Jorge Marcelo
name: Fernandes, Márcio Ronaldo Santos
name: Da Ros Montes D’Oca, Caroline
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Butter is among the most popular and commercially valuable dairy products. Its high commercial value makes it a major target for adulteration, which aims to reduce production costs by using lower-quality fats and oils from other sources. The annual global market is around USD 30 billion (2023), expected to reach USD 36 billion in 2028, which also justifies the enormous interest in adulteration. In this work, a confirmed case of butter adulteration was studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Stable Carbon Isotopic Ratio Analysis (SCIRA) techniques, employed to detect the inclusion in butter production of vegetable oils, such as soybean and palm oils. A total of 21 samples seized by the Brazilian Federal Police were analysed by NMR and SCIR, and compared to original butter obtained from commercial sources. The composition of all the seized samples was a mixture of butter (dairy fat of animal origin) with fat of vegetable origin (soybean and palm oil) and did not contain milk as a major component. While NMR was an unequivocal choice to discriminate the chemical composition of food samples, identifying the short-chain saturated fatty acids present in milk fat, including the butyryl alkyl chain, SCIRA was able to discriminate the origin of fat present in the butter samples as C3 sources, such as palm vegetable oils.
Electron source and pre-injector design for the FCC-ee
Creators: name: Brezina, Tomas
name: Doebert, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FCC,FCC-ee injector,CHART

description: This report describes the electron pre-injector of the FCC-ee injector chain. There are two main options for electron sources for such a machine, an RF-photo injector or a thermionic gun. The study comprises the source itself and a linear accelerator to accelerate the electrons up to 200 MeV.
Trivial centralizers for codimension-one attractors
Creators: name: Fisher, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C05, 37C20, 37C29, 37D05, 37D20

description: We show that if $Λ$ is a codimension-one hyperbolic attractor for a $C^r$ diffeomorphism $f$, where $2\leq r\leq \infty$, and $f$ is not Anosov, then there is a neighborhood $\mathcal{U}$ of $f$ in $\mathrm{Diff}^r(M)$ and an open and dense set $\mathcal{V}$ of $\mathcal{U}$ such that any $g\in\mathcal{V}$ has a trivial centralizer on the basin of attraction for $Λ$.
description: 9 pages
Gravitational radiospectrometer
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
name: Tsupko, O. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing is predicted by general relativity and is found in observations. When a gravitating body is surrounded by a plasma, the lensing angle depends on a frequency of the electromagnetic wave due to refraction properties, and the dispersion properties of the light propagation in plasma. The last effect leads to dependence, even in the uniform plasma, of the lensing angle on the frequency, what resembles the properties of the refractive prism spectrometer. The strongest action of this spectrometer is for the frequencies slightly exceeding the plasma frequency, what corresponds to very long radiowaves.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Trends in acrylamide content in selected potato/sweet potato products on the Canadian market
Creators: name: Hossain, Zakir
name: Zhao, Tony
name: Becalski, Adam
name: Schneider, Jakob
name: Feng, Sherry Yu
name: Rawn, Dorothea F. K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Processed plant-based foods, particularly high carbohydrate-containing foods, are among the greatest contributors to dietary acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen, uptake. Between 2009 and 2020, five surveys were conducted to determine acrylamide in high carbohydrate-containing foods in Canada. These surveys included sampling of potato and sweet potato chips, French fries, and frozen potato/sweet potato products, as a follow-up to our earlier surveys from 2002 - 2008. Samples were analyzed using isotope dilution (13C3-acrylamide) with LC-MS/MS. The highest mean acrylamide levels were found in sweet potato chips. Among potato chips (57 to 4660 ng g−1), one brand consistently showed the highest concentrations with wide variability. Acrylamide concentrations decreased over time in ready-to-eat French fries (from 480 to 358 ng g−1), and one brand showed a clear reduction temporally. Wide variations were observed among brands, among lots/outlets of same brands, and among different food chains. Acrylamide levels in potato chips decreased between 2009 and 2016 (504.3 ng g−1) relative to the period 2002 - 2008 (1096.9 ng g−1). The acrylamide trends observed in the products measured in the latest study indicate that food producers may have adopted mitigation strategies.
Machine Learning Model Drift Detection Via Weak Data Slices
Creators: name: Ackerman, Samuel
name: Dube, Parijat
name: Farchi, Eitan
name: Raz, Orna
name: Zalmanovici, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting drift in performance of Machine Learning (ML) models is an acknowledged challenge. For ML models to become an integral part of business applications it is essential to detect when an ML model drifts away from acceptable operation. However, it is often the case that actual labels are difficult and expensive to get, for example, because they require expert judgment. Therefore, there is a need for methods that detect likely degradation in ML operation without labels. We propose a method that utilizes feature space rules, called data slices, for drift detection. We provide experimental indications that our method is likely to identify that the ML model will likely change in performance, based on changes in the underlying data.
A Self-Supervised Deep Framework for Reference Bony Shape Estimation in Orthognathic Surgical Planning
Creators: name: Xiao, Deqiang
name: Deng, Hannah
name: Kuang, Tianshu
name: Ma, Lei
name: Liu, Qin
name: Chen, Xu
name: Lian, Chunfeng
name: Lang, Yankun
name: Kim, Daeseung
name: Gateno, Jaime
name: Shen, Steve Guofang
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Yap, Pew-Thian
name: Xia, James J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual orthognathic surgical planning involves simulating surgical corrections of jaw deformities on 3D facial bony shape models. Due to the lack of necessary guidance, the planning procedure is highly experience-dependent and the planning results are often suboptimal. A reference facial bony shape model representing normal anatomies can provide an objective guidance to improve planning accuracy. Therefore, we propose a self-supervised deep framework to automatically estimate reference facial bony shape models. Our framework is an end-to-end trainable network, consisting of a simulator and a corrector. In the training stage, the simulator maps jaw deformities of a patient bone to a normal bone to generate a simulated deformed bone. The corrector then restores the simulated deformed bone back to normal. In the inference stage, the trained corrector is applied to generate a patient-specific normal-looking reference bone from a real deformed bone. The proposed framework was evaluated using a clinical dataset and compared with a state-of-the-art method that is based on a supervised point-cloud network. Experimental results show that the estimated shape models given by our approach are clinically acceptable and significantly more accurate than that of the competing method.
A pair of warm giant planets near the 2:1 mean motion resonance around the K-dwarf star TOI-2202
Creators: name: Trifonov, Trifon
name: Brahm, Rafael
name: Espinoza, Nestor
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: Nesvorny, David
name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Lee, Man Hoi
name: Kossakowski, Diana
name: Rojas, Felipe I.
name: Hobson, Melissa J.
name: Sarkis, Paula
name: Schlecker, Martin
name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Bakos, Gaspar Á.
name: Barbieri, Mauro
name: Bhatti, Waqas
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Nandakumar, Sangeetha
name: Díaz, Matías R.
name: Shectman, Stephen
name: Teske, Johanna
name: Torres, Pascal
name: Suc, Vincent
name: Vines, Jose I.
name: Wang, Sharon X.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Burke, Christopher J.
name: Daylan, Tansu
name: Shiao, Bernie
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Wohler, Bill
name: Seager, Sara
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TOI-2202 b is a transiting warm Jovian-mass planet with an orbital period of P=11.91 days identified from the Full Frame Images data of five different sectors of the TESS mission. Ten TESS transits of TOI-2202 b combined with three follow-up light curves obtained with the CHAT robotic telescope show strong transit timing variations (TTVs) with an amplitude of about 1.2 hours. Radial velocity follow-up with FEROS, HARPS and PFS confirms the planetary nature of the transiting candidate (a$_{\rm b}$ = 0.096 $\pm$ 0.002 au, m$_{\rm b}$ = 0.98 $\pm$ 0.06 M$_{\rm Jup}$), and dynamical analysis of RVs, transit data, and TTVs points to an outer Saturn-mass companion (a$_{\rm c}$ = 0.155 $\pm$ 0.003 au, m$_{\rm c}$= $0.37 \pm 0.10$ M$_{\rm Jup}$) near the 2:1 mean motion resonance. Our stellar modeling indicates that TOI-2202 is an early K-type star with a mass of 0.82 M$_\odot$, a radius of 0.79 R$_\odot$, and solar-like metallicity. The TOI-2202 system is very interesting because of the two warm Jovian-mass planets near the 2:1 MMR, which is a rare configuration, and their formation and dynamical evolution are still not well understood.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Dissipative dynamics of a two - level system resonantly coupled to a harmonic mode
Creators: name: Brito, Frederico
name: Caldeira, Amir O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approximation scheme to describe the dynamics of the spin-boson model when the spectral density of the environment shows a peak at a characteristic frequency $Ω$ which can be very close (or even equal) to the spin Zeeman frequency $Δ$. Mapping the problem onto a two-state system (TSS) coupled to a harmonic oscillator (HO) with frequency $ω_0$ we show that the representation of displaced HO states provides an appropriate basis to truncate the Hilbert space of the TSS-HO system and therefore a better picture of the system dynamics. We derive an effective Hamiltonian for the TSS-HO system, and show it furnishes a very good approximation for the system dynamics even when its two subsystems are moderately coupled. Finally, assuming the regime of weak HO-bath coupling and low temperatures, we are able to analytically evaluate the dissipative TSS dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; V2: Published version
Organic food and internal exposure to pollutants among Flemish adolescents
Creators: name: van Larebeke, Nicolas
name: Colles, Ann
name: Leermakers, Martine
name: Hond, Elly Den
name: Voorspoels, Stefan
name: Goderis, Lode
name: Schoeters, Greet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Contrary to the initial hypothesis, Flemish adolescents who reported consuming organic food at least 7.5 times per week did not exhibit reduced internal exposure to the tested recently used pesticides. After adjustment for gender, age, country of origin, socioeconomic status, body mass index, consumption of high-fat foods and foods linked to organic food consumption, and concerning organochlorine derivatives and lead, additional adjustment for the duration of breastfeeding expressed in weeks, they displayed slightly elevated internal exposure to organochlorine derivatives, lead, methyl arsenate, and toxic relevant arsenic. A comparison was also made between the correlation of internal exposure to pollutants with the frequency of organic food consumption on one hand and the total consumption of equivalent products from all sources on the other. Regarding potatoes, vegetables, and fruits, no clear trends were observed. Regarding eggs, there was a trend towards higher internal exposures with organic food consumption, significant for trans-nonachlor, PCB118, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and marginally significant for glyphosate. For dairy, there was a trend towards higher internal exposures with organic food consumption, significant for perfluorononanoic acid and marginally significant for PCB153. Regarding nuts and seeds, the higher internal exposure to dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and the lower exposure to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid were marginally significant, while there was also a trend towards higher internal exposure to other pollutants with organic food consumption, significant for PCB118, PCB153, and sum PCBs, and marginally significant for trans-nonachlor. Concerning breakfast cereals and muesli, no clear trends were observed.
The economics of small scale sawmilling in the Peace River region of B.C.
Creators: name: Beaumont, Rodney William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Public concern about increasing firm sizes and industrial concentration levels, particularly in the B.C. forest industry, has been mounting over the past decade. The diminished role of the independent, small-scale enterprise has been criticized, focusing interest on the available opportunities for small scale timber and lumber production. However, several hundred small sawmilling operations have been active in the B.C. Interior for many years. To explore the reasons for this diversity in firm sizes, the economies of scale influencing present plant and firm sizes, and the development of those economies, are assessed for the Interior sawmilling industry. The economies faced by the smallest firms are also examined, and compared to those of the largest firms. Small scale sawmilling is closely associated with farming operations in B.C., and is concentrated in those regions supporting a combination of farm and timber land. The detailed study of small scale, portable sawmilling in the Peace River region assesses the structure, conduct, and economic performance of that industry to determine the economic efficiency of firms and the constraints faced by the industry. The small firms competitively produce lumber for an entirely local market, and constitute a unique industry operating on the fringe of the large scale sawmilling industry. The industry contributes only a very small portion of the region's total income; however, many of the sawmilling operations supplement farm revenues, raising them to a profitable level. The only severe threat to industry survival within the next 10 to 15 years is the limited availability, to the firms, of the region's Crown owned timber resource. To allow the industry to operate competitively in the future, small volumes of Crown timber must be offered for sale. Also evident among the existing sawmill owners and interested individuals is a demand for the opportunity to practice long term, private timber production. While forested Crown land suitable to small scale tree farming is available in the region and throughout the province, further study is necessary to define the extent of the demand and to outline the property rights essential to maintaining a competitive industry.
Separability of Tripartite Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Li, Ming
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Wang, Zhi-Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the separability of arbitrary dimensional tripartite sys- tems. By introducing a new operator related to transformations on the subsystems a necessary condition for the separability of tripartite systems is presented.
description: 8 pages
Mechanisms of Manganese-Assisted Nonradiative Recombination in Cd(Mn)Se/Zn(Mn)Se Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Chernenko, A. V.
name: Brichkin, A. S.
name: Sobolev, N. A.
name: Carmo, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms of nonradiative recombination of electron-hole complexes in Cd(Mn)Se/Zn(Mn)Se quantum dots accompanied by interconfigurational excitations of Mn$^{2+}$ ions are analyzed within the framework of single electron model of deep {\it 3d}-levels in semiconductors. In addition to the mechanisms caused by Coulomb and exchange interactions, which are related because of the Pauli principle, another mechanism due to {\it sp-d} mixing is considered. It is shown that the Coulomb mechanism reduces to long-range dipole-dipole energy transfer from photoexcited quantum dots to Mn$^{2+}$ ions. The recombination due to the Coulomb mechanism is allowed for any states of Mn$^{2+}$ ions and {\it e-h} complexes. In contrast, short-range exchange and ${\it sp-d}$ recombinations are subject to spin selection rules, which are the result of strong {\it lh-hh} splitting of hole states in quantum dots. Estimates show that efficiency of the {\it sp-d} mechanism can considerably exceed that of the Coulomb mechanism. The phonon-assisted recombination and processes involving upper excited states of Mn$^{2+}$ ions are studied. The increase in PL intensity of an ensemble of quantum dots in a magnetic field perpendicular to the sample growth plane observed earlier is analyzed as a possible manifestation of the spin-dependent recombination.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran contamination of free-range eggs: estimation of the laying hen’s soil ingestion based on a toxicokinetic model, and human consumption recommendations
Creators: name: Oltramare, Christelle
name: Zennegg, Markus
name: Graille, Mélanie
name: Lerch, Sylvain
name: Berthet, Aurélie
name: Vernez, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are ubiquitous in the environment. The main route of human exposure is through food consumption. Soil contamination can be problematic for sanitary safety depending on the usage of the soil, such as farming. In case of environmental soil contamination with PCDD/Fs, hen’s eggs may be contaminated due to soil ingestion by hens. For this reason, it is important to understand the parameters that influence eggs’ contamination when hens are raised in contaminated areas. After the discovery of a contaminated area in Lausanne (Switzerland), we collected hens’ eggs from ten domestic-produced eggs and one farm. Based on PCDD/F measurements of eggs and soil, and a toxicokinetic model, we estimated individual hen’s soil intake levels and highlighted appropriate parameters to predict the dose ingested. Recommended weekly consumption for home-produced eggs was calculated based on the tolerable weekly intake proposed by EFSA in 2018. The most important parameter to assess the soil ingestion does not seem to be the soil coverage by vegetation but rather the hen’s pecking behaviour, the latter being difficult to estimate objectively. For this reason, we recommend using a realistic soil ingestion interval to assess the distribution of egg PCDD/F concentration from free-range hens reared on contaminated soil. The addition of soil contamination in the toxicokinetic model can then be used to recommend to the general population weekly consumption of eggs. The consumption by adults of free-range eggs produced on land with soil containing >90 ng toxic-equivalent (TEQ)/kg dry soil should be avoided. Even with a low level of soil contamination (1–5 ng TEQ/kg dry soil), we would recommend consuming not more than 5 eggs per week for adults and no more than 2 eggs for children below 4 years old.