cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Psychological Implications of Lung Cancer Screening & Patient Perceptions of Benefits, Harms, and Risk
Creators: name: Wallace, Joshua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Low Dose Computed Tomographic (LDCT) scanning for lung cancer screening recently received a Grade B recommendation from the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Many uncertainties regarding potential harms of this relatively new cancer screening modality exist. In this paper I explore the psychological implications of lung cancer screening and report findings from a study on patient perceptions of potential benefits and harms of lung cancer screening, along with perceptions of lung cancer risk. Methods: I conducted a systematic review of the recent literature to show current evidence of psychological harms of lung cancer screening. I used this review to guide my research and discussion of results from a survey conducted among general medicine clinic patients who were at increased risk for lung cancer, due to long-term smoking history. This study surveyed participants on their understanding of potential benefits and risks of LDCT screening, as well as their thoughts about the screening process in general and their personal risk profile. Results: After reviewing 1088 abstracts, 12 studies met inclusion criteria. The studies found that all participants have relatively high cancer risk perceptions and that people with abnormal screen results experienced increased distress. The studies had mixed results regarding changes in distress for the screening groups as a whole (regardless of their screening outcome). Overall, distress for all participants seems to return to baseline over time. My survey study found that individuals who are eligible for screening overestimate the mortality benefits of screening, underestimate the harms of false positives and additional diagnostic and invasive procedures, and overestimate their personal risk of being diagnosed with and dying from lung cancer. When asked why people should get screened for lung cancer, participants most frequently report early detection and early treatment leading to better health outcomes. Conclusion: Abnormal lung cancer screening findings and surveillance of pulmonary nodules are distressing for patients. However, we lack adequate, high-quality, generalizable evidence to make conclusions about the screening experience for all participants, regardless of screening outcome. Eligible screening patients who were part of my survey study were not familiar with the screening process and were overly-optimistic about the precision and effectiveness of LDCT screening. Patients may make more informed choices if they are aware of the potential harms and their personal risk of suffering from lung cancer.
title: Development of software helping in optimising computed tomography protocols: initial results
Creators: name: Gardavaud, Francois
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Computer Applications-General

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Because of broader indications of CT, its use is increasing around the world. In 2012, the French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN) estimated that 71 % of the...
The Stability of the Quantum Hall State at $ν= 1$ in Bilayer Electron Systems
Creators: name: Vasilchenko, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground states of electrons in two vertically coupled quantum dots in the presence of an external magnetic field have been studied within the density functional theory. A phase diagram of the transition to the quantum Hall state in double quantum dots has been plotted for the Landau level filling factor $ν= 1$. It has been shown that the quantum Hall state can be stable for a zero tunnel splitting. The influence of the impurity potential on the stability condition for the quantum Hall state has been analyzed.
A microwave realization of the Gaussian symplectic ensemble
Creators: name: Rehemanjiang, A.
name: Allgaier, M.
name: Joyner, C. H.
name: Müller, S.
name: Sieber, M.
name: Kuhl, U.
name: Stöckmann, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following an idea by Joyner et al. [Europhys. Lett. 107, 50004 (2014)] a microwave graph with an antiunitary symmetry T obeying T^2=-1 is realized. The Kramers doublets expected for such systems are clearly identified and can be lifted by a perturbation which breaks the antiunitary symmetry. The observed spectral level spacings distribution of the Kramers doublets is in agreement with the predictions from the Gaussian symplectic ensemble expected for chaotic systems with such a symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Quantum-Classical Liouville Formalism in a Preconditioned Basis and Its Connection with Phase-Space Surface Hopping
Creators: name: Wu, Yanze
name: Subotnik, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit a recent proposal to model nonadiabatic problems with a complex-valued Hamiltonian through a phase-space surface hopping (PSSH) algorithm employing a pseudo-diabatic basis. Here, we show that such a pseudo-diabatic PSSH (PD-PSSH) ansatz is consistent with a quantum-classical Liouville equation (QCLE) that can be derived following a preconditioning process, and we demonstrate that a proper PD-PSSH algorithm is able to capture some geometric magnetic effects (whereas the standard FSSH approach cannot). We also find that a preconditioned QCLE can outperform the standard QCLE in certain cases, highlighting the fact that there is no unique QCLE. Lastly, we also point out that one can construct a mean-field Ehrenfest algorithm using a phase-space representation similar to what is done for PSSH. These findings would appear extremely helpful as far understanding and simulating nonadiabatic dynamics with complex-valued Hamiltonians and/or spin degeneracy.
Improving Health Workers' Ability to Provide Good Quality of Care: What do they believe would be most helpful? A secondary analysis from the 2009 Namibia Health Facility Census and the 2010 Kenya Service Provision Assessment survey
Creators: name: Nicholson, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Introduction: Data on the global health work force is compiled from a variety of sources and rarely contains information on provider perspectives. As efforts to recruit and retain health workers in the world's mostly rural settings gain strength, an understanding of providers' perspectives is becoming essential. Objective: What do health workers deem as most important for improving their ability to provide good quality of care services? Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of provider responses to the Health Worker Interview Questionnaire, as contained in both the 2009 Namibia Health Facility Census and the 2010 Kenya Service Provision Assessment. Cross tabulations were run to look for statistical significance of provider responses by cadre, facility type and managing authority. Results: A desire for more training was the number one item identified by providers in both Namibia and Kenya as most important for improving their ability to provide good quality of care services. Other top needs included a desire for more staff and a desire for more incentives. Provider responses varied by cadre, by the facility type within which they worked and by the managing authority overseeing the facility. Conclusion: The items identified by providers as most important for improving their ability to provide good quality of care services are reflective of the environments within which they work. It is thus highly recommended that policy makers, Ministries of Health and others involved in the development of the global health workforce acknowledge these items - as identified by providers themselves - when determining how to best use limited resources to improve the delivery of good quality of care services. Key Words: Human Resources for Health, health workforce, Kenya, Namibia, quality of care, provider perspective
Rigidity of convex divisible domains in flag manifolds
Creators: name: van Limbeek, Wouter
name: Zimmer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In contrast to the many examples of convex divisible domains in real projective space, we prove that up to projective isomorphism there is only one convex divisible domain in the Grassmannian of $p$-planes in $\mathbb{R}^{2p}$ when $p > 1$. Moreover, this convex divisible domain is a model of the symmetric space associated to the simple Lie group SO$(p, p)$.
description: 48 pages
Ionization energies along beryllium isoelectronic sequence
Creators: name: Malyshev, A. V.
name: Volotka, A. V.
name: Glazov, D. A.
name: Tupitsyn, I. I.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
name: Plunien, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionization energies for the ground state of berylliumlike ions with nuclear charge numbers in the range Z=16-96 are rigorously evaluated. The calculations merge the ab initio QED treatment in the first and second orders of the perturbation theory in the fine-structure constant $α$ with the third- and higher-order electron-correlation contributions evaluated within the Breit approximation. The nuclear recoil and nuclear polarization effects are taken into account. The accuracy of the ionization energies obtained has been significantly improved in comparison with previous calculations.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.1961
Control of biaxial strain in single-layer Molybdenite using local thermal expansion of the substrate
Creators: name: Plechinger, G.
name: Castellanos-Gomez, A.
name: Buscema, M.
name: van der Zant, H. S. J.
name: Steele, G. A.
name: Kuc, A.
name: Heine, T.
name: Schüller, C.
name: Korn, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-layer MoS2 is a direct-gap semiconductor whose electronic band structure strongly depends on the strain applied to its crystal lattice. While uniaxial strain can be easily applied in a controlled way, e.g., by bending of a flexible substrate with the atomically thin MoS2 layer on top, experimental realization of biaxial strain is more challenging. Here, we exploit the large mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients of MoS2 and a silicone-based substrate to apply a controllable biaxial tensile strain by heating the substrate with a focused laser. The effect of this biaxial strain is directly observable in optical spectroscopy as a redshift of the MoS2 photoluminescence. We also demonstrate the potential of this method to engineer more complex strain patterns by employing highly absorptive features on the substrate to achieve non-uniform heat profiles. By comparison of the observed redshift to strain-dependent band structure calculations, we estimate the biaxial strain applied by the silicone-based substrate to be up to 0.2 percent, corresponding to a band gap modulation of 105 meV per percentage of biaxial tensile strain.
A Comparison of Coping Strategies Used By Urban and Rural Women in Violent Relationships
Creators: name: Wood, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem, affecting a large proportion of women in the United States and leading to significant physical and emotional health consequences. Women experiencing intimate partner violence use a wide array of mechanisms to cope with violent relationships. A better understanding of the coping strategies and their helpfulness to victims of domestic violence is important for health care providers and other agencies in order to provide adequate and useful assistance. Goodman and her colleagues developed the IPV Strategies Index, to assess coping mechanisms of women in violent relationships. They used the instrument to assess coping strategies of women living in an urban environment in a large mid-Atlantic seaboard city in the United States. Because previous studies indicated that the experience, resources, and needs of IPV victims in mral areas were different from those living in urban areas, we assessed coping strategies of women experiencing domestic violence in rural North Carolina. We believe that our study is the first to use the IPV Strategies Index with rural women. The purpose of our study was to assess the strategies used by rural women in violent relationships and to determine the most frequently used categories of strategies, as subdivided in the IPV Strategies Index. Additionally, we wanted to compare the use patterns and helpfulness ratings of the coping strategies of the women in our study to women in an urban sample of women.
Interactions between heavy quarks and tilted QGP fireballs in 200 AGeV Au+Au collisions
Creators: name: Jiang, Ze-Fang
name: Cao, Shanshan
name: Xing, Wen-Jing
name: Li, Xiaowen
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quark observables are applied to probe the initial energy density distribution with violation of longitudinal boost invariance produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using an improved Langevin model coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model, we study the nuclear modification factor ($R_\text{AA}$), directed flow ($v_1$) and elliptic flow ($v_2$) coefficients of heavy mesons and their decayed electrons at the RHIC energy. We find that the counter-clockwise tilt of the nuclear matter in the reaction plane results in a positive (negative) heavy flavor $v_1$ in the backward (forward) rapidity region, whose magnitude increases with the heavy quark transverse momentum. The difference in the heavy flavor $R_\text{AA}$ between different angular regions is also proposed as a complementary tool to characterize the asymmetry of the medium profile. Our model results are consistent with currently available data at RHIC and provide predictions that can be tested by future measurements.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, comments are welcome
title: Radiological assessment of infertility: A pictorial review
Creators: name: Healy, Nuala
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Hysterosalpingography
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this review is to describe the imaging techniques available for radiological evaluation of infertility, including ultrasound (US), hysterosalpingogram (HSG), hysterosalpingocontrastsonography (HyCoSy) as well as standard cross-sectional...
Surveying the landscape of CIHR-funded research data sharing practices: An analysis of the published literature
Creators: name: Read, Kevin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: biomedical research
subject: Canada
subject: data discovery
subject: data sharing
subject: health sciences

description: This study will aim to accomplish two specific goals by assessing the availability of health sciences research datasets funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). The first goal will be to understand the Canadian data sharing landscape by reviewing how and where Canadian health sciences researchers share their data. The second goal will be to compare Canadian researchers’ current data sharing practices to the Tri-agency’s proposed framework for research data management and sharing. The information gathered from this study will be used to identify gaps within the Canadian data sharing landscape, and help inform the future development of data policy, infrastructure and research data management support by highlighting the key challenges and opportunities with respect to data sharing in a Canadian context.
United Technologies/National Journal Congressional Connection Poll: 2012 Elections/Party Control of Congress
Creators: name: National Journal
name: United Technologies
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Thought toward election (1); voter participation (5); presidential candidate preferences (3); strength of candidate support (1); party control of Congress (2); Congress role in supporting candidates' agendas (2); party to seek compromise (1); reason for high unemployment (1).
Processo de trabalho na gestão em saúde do trabalhador
Creators: name: Paz, Adriana Aparecida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: processo de trabalho
enfermagem
gestão
saúde do trabalhador

description: Trata-se de uma apresentação audiovisual do tema abordado "Processo de trabalho na gestão em saúde do trabalhador" para a unidade curricular de "Processo de trabalho em enfermagem e saúde" do Curso de Pós-Graduação - Mestrado Profissionalizante na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto.
Pew Research Center Poll: Early October 2012 Political
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Thoughts toward presidential election (1); following candidate news (1); voter registration (1); voter participation (3); following government news (1); presidential candidate preference (2); strength of candidate support (3); frequency of voting (1); favorability of various politicians (4); watching presidential debates (2); quality of debate (1); descriptions of presidential candidates (11); better candidate to handle various issues (9); candidate with better government role ideas (1); Barack Obama economic policies (1); ways to reduce deficit (12); United States support of Israel (1); military effort in Afghanistan (1); troop withdrawal (2); Iran nuclear program (1); policies toward China (1); effects of Middle Eastern protests (3); importance of stability vs. democracy (1); evidence of global warming (1); cause of global warming (1); global warming as serious problem (1); scientist consensus about global warming (1); Obama policies affecting economic classes (3); Mitt Romney policies affecting economic classes (3); reason for Romney concerns (1); reason for Obama concerns (1).
GOALS-JWST: NIRCam and MIRI Imaging of the Circumnuclear Starburst Ring in NGC 7469
Creators: name: Bohn, Thomas
name: Inami, Hanae
name: Diaz-Santos, Tanio
name: Armus, Lee
name: Linden, Sean T.
name: U, Vivian
name: Surace, Jason
name: Larson, Kirsten L.
name: Evans, Aaron S.
name: Hoshioka, Shunshi
name: Lai, Thomas
name: Song, Yiqing
name: Mazzarella, Joseph M.
name: Barcos-Munoz, Loreto
name: Charmandaris, Vassilis
name: Howell, Justin H.
name: Medling, Anne M.
name: Privon, George C.
name: Rich, Jeffrey A.
name: Stierwalt, Sabrina
name: Aalto, Susanne
name: Boker, Torsten
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Iwasawa, Kazushi
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: van der Werf, Paul P.
name: Appleton, Philip
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Kemper, Francisca
name: Law, David
name: Marshall, Jason
name: Murphy, Eric J.
name: Sanders, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) imaging of NGC 7469 with the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and the Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI). NGC 7469 is a nearby, $z=0.01627$, luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) that hosts both a Seyfert Type-1.5 nucleus and a circumnuclear starburst ring with a radius of $\sim$0.5 kpc. The new near-infrared (NIR) JWST imaging reveals 66 star-forming regions, 37 of which were not detected by HST observations. Twenty-eight of the 37 sources have very red NIR colors that indicate obscurations up to A$_{\rm{v}}\sim7$ and a contribution of at least 25$\%$ from hot dust emission to the 4.4$μ$m band. Their NIR colors are also consistent with young ($<$5 Myr) stellar populations and more than half of them are coincident with the MIR emission peaks. These younger, dusty star-forming regions account for $\sim$6$\%$ and $\sim$17$\%$ of the total 1.5$μ$m and 4.4$μ$m luminosity of the starburst ring, respectively. Thanks to JWST, we find a significant number of young dusty sources that were previously unseen due to dust extinction. The newly identified 28 young sources are a significant increase compared to the number of HST-detected young sources (4-5). This makes the total percentage of the young population rise from $\sim$15$\%$ to 48$\%$. These results illustrate the effectiveness of JWST in identifying and characterizing previously hidden star formation in the densest star-forming environments around AGN.
description: 4 figures, 1 table, Accepted by ApJL
Exact solution of an su(n) spin torus
Creators: name: Hao, Kun
name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Li, Guang-Liang
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Shi, Kangjie
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trigonometric su(n) spin chain with anti-periodic boundary condition (su(n) spin torus) is demonstrated to be Yang-Baxter integrable. Based on some intrinsic properties of the R-matrix, certain operator product identities of the transfer matrix are derived. These identities and the asymptotic behavior of the transfer matrix together allow us to obtain the exact eigenvalues in terms of an inhomogeneous T-Q relation via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz.
description: 24 pages, no figure, published version
title: MDCT features of pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Zamboni, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pancreas
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Staging
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pancreatic metastases represent between 2% and 5% of all pancreatic malignant tumors [1]. Although pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare, with an incidence ranging from 2% to 11%, the pancreas seems to be an elective site...
WORK SATISFACTION OF CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKERS PARTICIPATING IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CORPS LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAM
Creators: name: Yun, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND: Job satisfaction among clinical social workers participating in the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) Loan Repayment Program (LRP) is important for retention, absenteeism, and burnout. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine how the overall work satisfaction of social workers participating in the NHSC LRP differs according to 1. Demographic and practice-level characteristics and 2. Different aspects of work satisfaction. METHODS: Using data routinely collected by the Practice Sights Retention Collaborative from clinical social workers participating in the NHSC LRP, we performed “chunk” analysis to calculate the odds a social worker would have high overall work satisfaction using: 1. demographic variables; 2. practice-level variables; and 3. both demographic and practice-level variables. In a separate model, we calculated the odds of high overall work satisfaction using six satisfaction constructs as co-variates: 1. Work-life Time Balance; 2. Mission and Values; 3. Community Integration; 4. Staff; 5. Administration & Practice Stability; and 6. CompensationRESULTS: Survey response rate was 75%. Among the 113 clinical social workers in our sample, social workers at integrated care sites had lesser odds of having high overall work satisfaction (adjusted OR: 0.12, p = 0.01) compared to clinical social workers practicing at non-integrated care sites. In the model containing all six satisfaction constructs, each 1-point increase in satisfaction with administration and community integration was associated with 2.96 and 2.48 greater odds, respectively, of having high overall work satisfaction (p<0.05, for both). CONCLUSION: Practicing at an integrated care site was negatively associated with low overall work satisfaction among a sample of clinical social workers participating in the NHSC LRP. Satisfaction with administration and community involvement, on the other hand, were positively associated with high overall work satisfaction.
Concept of a laser-plasma based electron source for sub-10 fs electron diffraction
Creators: name: Faure, J.
name: van der Geer, B.
name: Beaurepaire, B.
name: Gallé, G.
name: Vernier, A.
name: Lifschitz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new concept of an electron source for ultrafast electron diffraction with sub-10~fs temporal resolution. Electrons are generated in a laser-plasma accelerator, able to deliver femtosecond electron bunches at 5 MeV energy with kHz repetition rate. The possibility of producing this electron source is demonstrated using Particle-In-Cell simulations. We then use particle tracking simulations to show that this electron beam can be transported and manipulated in a realistic beamline, in order to reach parameters suitable for electron diffraction. The beamline consists of realistic static magnetic optics and introduces no temporal jitter. We demonstrate numerically that electron bunches with 5~fs duration and containing 1.5~fC per bunch can be produced, with a transverse coherence length exceeding 2~nm, as required for electron diffraction.
Rotation Measure Variations and Reversals of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts in Massive Binary Systems
Creators: name: Zhao, Z. Y.
name: Zhang, G. Q.
name: Wang, F. Y.
name: Dai, Z. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations discovered that some repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) show complicated variations and reversals of Faraday rotation measures (RMs), indicating that the sources of these FRBs are embedded in a dynamically magnetized environment. One possible scenario is that repeating FRBs are generated by pulsars in binary systems, especially containing a high-mass companion with strong stellar outflows. Here, we study the RM variations caused by stellar winds, and a possible stellar disc. If the magnetic field is radial in the stellar wind, RM will not reverse except if the magnetic axis inclination angle is close to $90 ^\circ$. For the toroidal magnetic field in the wind, RM will reverse at the super conjunction. For the case of the toroidal field in the disc, the RM variations may have a multimodal and multiple reversal profile because the radio signals travel through different components of the disc during periastron passage. We also apply this model to FRB 20180916B. By assuming its 16.35-day period is from a slowly rotating or freely precessing magnetar, we find that the secular RM variation can be explained by the periastron passage of a magnetar in a massive binary system. In addition, the clumps in the stellar wind and disc can cause short time-scale ($< 1$ day) variations or reversals of RM. Therefore, long-term monitoring of RM variations can reveal the environments of repeating FRBs.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Pew Research Center Poll: November 2012 Election Weekend Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Thought toward presidential election (1); following candidate news (1); voter registration (7); voter participation (5); voting location (1); presidential candidate preferences (9); method of voting (1); following government affairs (1); importance of election outcome (1); expected election outcome (1); feelings toward election outcomes (2); Barack Obama handling Hurricane Sandy impact (1).
title: Clinical application research of three-dimensional post-processing of urinary computer tomography in mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Creators: name: QI, Weiwei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Osteoporosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To research the value of the clinical application and methods of 3D post-processing of urinary computed tomography for M-PCNL...
Constraining the physics of star formation from CIB-cosmic shear cross-correlations
Creators: name: Jego, Baptiste
name: Alonso, David
name: García-García, Carlos
name: Ruiz-Zapatero, Jaime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physics of star formation is one of the key problems facing modern astrophysics. The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB), sourced by the emission from all dusty star-forming galaxies since the epoch of reionisation, is a complementary probe to study the star formation history, as well as an important extragalactic foreground for studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Understanding the physics of the CIB is therefore of high importance for both cosmology and galaxy formation studies. In this paper, we make high signal-to-noise measurements of the cross-correlation between maps of the CIB from the Planck experiment, and cosmic shear measurements from the Dark Energy Survey and Kilo-Degree Survey. Cosmic shear, sourced mainly by the weak gravitational lensing of photons emitted by background galaxies, is a direct tracer of the matter distribution, and thus we can use its cross-correlation with the CIB to directly test our understanding of the link between the star formation rate (SFR) density and the matter density. We use our measurements to place constraints on a halo-based model of the SFR that parametrises the efficiency with which gas is transformed into stars as a function of halo mass and redshift. These constraints are enhanced by combining our data with model-independent measurements of the bias-weighted SFR density extracted from the tomographic cross-correlation of galaxies and the CIB. We are able to place constraints on the peak efficiency at low redshifts, $η=0.445^{+0.055}_{-0.11}$, and on the halo mass at which this peak efficiency is achieved today $\log_{10}(M_1/M_\odot) = 12.17\pm0.25$. Our constraints are in excellent agreement with direct measurements of the SFR density, as well as other CIB-based studies.
description: Not too many pages. Comments welcome
Quantifying the coherence of pure quantum states
Creators: name: Chen, Jianxin
name: Grogan, Shane
name: Johnston, Nathaniel
name: Li, Chi-Kwong
name: Plosker, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, several measures have been proposed for characterizing the coherence of a given quantum state. We derive several results that illuminate how these measures behave when restricted to pure states. Notably, we present an explicit characterization of the closest incoherent state to a given pure state under the trace distance measure of coherence. We then use this result to show that the states maximizing the trace distance of coherence are exactly the maximally coherent states. We define the trace distance of entanglement and show that it coincides with the trace distance of coherence for pure states. Finally, we give an alternate proof to a recent result that the $\ell_1$ measure of coherence of a pure state is never smaller than its relative entropy of coherence.
description: 11 pages, trace distance of entanglement is new in v2
S.L.I.C.E. (Service-Learning in Communities of Elders): A Program and Evaluation Plan
Creators: name: Wilson, Lindsay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Demographic data indicate that the population in the United States is aging, resulting in large numbers of older adults in the health-care system. Compared with younger adults, older patients have "significantly more family physician visits (average of 4.4 visits per person per year), emergency room visits (average of 0.22 ER visits per year per patient), diagnostic days (average of 5.1 test days per person per year), health conditions (average of 7.7 per patient), and medications (average of 8.2 medications per person)." Despite this large volume, there is still a "worldwide shortage" of geriatricians. The influx of geriatric patients has resulted in leading national medical organizations to recommend increased training in geriatrics for health professionals. Service-learning provides a unique opportunity for medical students to discover the diversity of older adults and to reflect on these experiences with guidance from a clinician-educator. While several medical student electives at other institutions include a service-learning component, no electives require service-learning work with older adults. S.L.I.C.E. (Service-Learning in Communities of Elders) is a curriculum for the medical student elective, MEDI 286, Special Topics on Aging, at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill that introduces first and second-year medical students to older adults in their communities, outside of the medical system, through service-learning. This paper will describe the innovative design and evaluation of the piloted S.L.I.C.E. curriculum and a review and analysis of the current literature.
Pew Research Center Poll: December 2012 Gun Control Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Satisfaction with direction of country (1); most important problems (3); protecting gun rights vs. gun control laws (2); hearing about Newtown shooting (1); shootings as broader problems vs. isolated acts (1); broader problems that shootings reflect (3); effects of gun ownership (1); effects of assault weapons (1); support for gun policy proposals (4); better party reflecting gun control views (1); influence of National Rifle Association (1); gun ownership (1).
The Need for Prenatal Programs in Areas of Low Socioeconomic Status
Creators: name: Ceresa, Carrie, Pharm D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Adverse birth outcomes are a continual issue throughout the United States despite current research and major medical advances over the past few decades. One of the target goals set forth by Healthy People 2010 is for 90% of pregnant women to begin receiving prenatal care in the first trimester. According to Healthy People 2010, prenatal care includes three major areas which are: assessment of risk, treatment for current medical condition and education. Approximately three-quarters of all pregnant women receive some type of prenatal care at some point during their pregnancy. This number varies greatly over different levels of socioeconomic status (SES). Research suggests that pregnant women in areas of low SES are more likely to receive prenatal care late in pregnancy or not at all (Sunil T et al., 2008). Receiving little or no prenatal care throughout pregnancy can result in poor birth outcomes, pregnancy associated complications and infant mortality. According to the CDC, it is projected that approximately one-half of all pregnancy associated dealths could have been prevented with early prenatal care. These adverse events include birth defects, stillbirths, pre-term birth, neonatal and post-neonatal deal, SGA (small-gestational age), among many others. Recent studies have shown that the introduction of a prenatal program can greatly reduce these adverse birth events in areas of low SES.
title: Association between abdominal aortic calcifications, bone mineral density and vertebral fractures in a cohort of HIV positive patient
Creators: name: Gioppo, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Absorptiometry / Bone densitometry
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Statistics
subject: AIDS
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Osteoporosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Data from HIV negative cohorts have shown a strong association between AAC (marker of cardiovascular disease) and the prevalence of vertebral fractures (1,2). Association between severity of AAC and the risk of fracture has been studied mainly in...
Pew Internet & American Life Poll: Civic Engagement
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2014

description: Rating local community (1); people impacting community (1); presidential candidate preferences (2); agreement with government and economic statements (5); amount of government services and spending (2); abortion legality (1); same-sex marriage (1); electronic devices owned (2); internet usage (1); email usage (1); accessing internet on mobile device (1); using text messaging (1); internet habits (5); discussing political issues (2); participating in political activities (16); types of contact from political groups (7); contributions to political organizations (4); political activities on social networking (8); reactions to learning about issues on social media (2); having to make ends meet (3); recipient of benefit programs (8); membership in social welfare organizations (4).
Improved constraint on the MINERvA medium energy neutrino flux using $\barνe^{-} \!\rightarrow \barνe^{-}$ data
Creators: name: Zazueta, L.
name: Akhter, S.
name: Dar, Z. Ahmad
name: Akbar, F.
name: Ansari, V.
name: Ascencio, M. V.
name: Athar, M. Sajjad
name: Bashyal, A.
name: Bercellie, A.
name: Betancourt, M.
name: Bodek, A.
name: Bonilla, J. L.
name: Bravar, A.
name: Budd, H.
name: Cai, T.
name: Díaz, G. A.
name: da Motta, H.
name: Felix, J.
name: Fields, L.
name: Filkins, A.
name: Fine, R.
name: Gago, A. M.
name: Gallagher, H.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Gilligan, S. M.
name: Gran, R.
name: Granados, E.
name: Harris, D. A.
name: Henry, S.
name: Jena, D.
name: Jena, S.
name: Kleykamp, J.
name: Klustová, A.
name: Kordosky, M.
name: Last, D.
name: Lozano, A.
name: Lu, X. -G.
name: Maher, E.
name: Manly, S.
name: Mann, W. A.
name: McFarland, K. S.
name: Messerly, B.
name: Miller, J.
name: Moreno, O.
name: Morfín, J. G.
name: Nelson, J. K.
name: Nguyen, C.
name: Olivier, A.
name: Paolone, V.
name: Perdue, G. N.
name: Plows, K. -J.
name: Ramírez, M. A.
name: Ruterbories, D.
name: Schellman, H.
name: Salinas, C. J. Solano
name: Su, H.
name: Sultana, M.
name: Valencia, E.
name: Vaughan, N. H.
name: Waldron, A. V.
name: Yaeggy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Processes with precisely known cross sections, like neutrino electron elastic scattering ($νe^{-} \!\rightarrow νe^{-}$) and inverse muon decay ($ν_μe^{-} \!\rightarrow μ^{-} ν_e$) have been used by MINERvA to constrain the uncertainty on the NuMI neutrino beam flux. This work presents a new measurement of neutrino elastic scattering with electrons using the medium energy \numubar enhanced NuMI beam. A sample of 578 events after background subtraction is used in combination with the previous measurement on the \numu beam and the inverse muon decay measurement to reduce the uncertainty on the \numu flux in the \numu-enhanced beam from 7.6\% to 3.3\% and the \numubar flux in the \numubar-enhanced beam from 7.8\% to 4.7\%.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures
title: Does radiation reduction by automated kV modulation and iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) impact diagnostic value of CT exams of the small intestines?
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: CT
subject: Barium enema
subject: Acute

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: For the unique physiological and anatomical characteristics, the small bowel became a challenging organ for clinical and radiologic evaluation.Imaging methods are widely differ in the last 2 decades including small-bowel...
title: Anatomic Modeling in Cardiovascular Imaging: Integration of 3D Printing in the Management of Complex Patients
Creators: name: Williamson, Eric
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Recent developments in anatomic modeling, includingmedical applications of3D printing, are transforming the way cardiovascular diseases are diagnosed and managed. The purpose of this exhibit is to illustrate how these advances are being incorporated...
On the importance of measuring accurately LDOS maps using scanning tunneling spectroscopy in materials presenting atom-dependent charge order: the case of the correlated Pb/Si(111) single atomic layer
Creators: name: Tresca, C.
name: Bilgeri, T.
name: Bilgeri, T.
name: Menard, G.
name: Cherkez, V.
name: Federicci, R.
name: Longo, D.
name: Hervé, M.
name: Debontridder, F.
name: David, P.
name: Roditchev, D.
name: Profeta, G.
name: Cren, T.
name: Calandra, M.
name: Brun, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to properly extract the local charge order in two-dimensional materials from scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) measurements. When the charge order presents spatial variations at the atomic scale inside the unit cell and is energy dependent, particular care should be taken. In such cases the use of the lock-in technique, while acquiring an STM topography in closed feedback loop, leads to systematically incorrect dI/dV measurements giving a false local charge order. A correct method is either to perform a constant height measurement or to perform a full grid of dI/dV(V) spectroscopies, using a bias voltage setpoint outside the material bandwidth where the local density-of-states (LDOS) is spatially homogeneous. We take as a paradigmatic example of two-dimensional material the 1/3 single-layer Pb/Si(111). As large areas of this phase cannot be grown, charge ordering in this system is not accessible to angular resolved photoemission or grazing x-ray diffraction. Previous investigations by STM/STS supplemented by {\it ab initio} Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations concluded that this material undergoes a phase transition to a low-temperature $3\times 3$ reconstruction where one Pb atom moves up, the two remaining Pb atoms shifting down. A third STM/STS study by Adler {\it et al.} [PRL 123, 086401 (2019)] came to the opposite conclusion, i.e. that two Pb atoms move up, while one Pb atom shifts down. This latter erroneous conclusion comes from a misuse of the lock-in technique. In contrast, using a full grid of dI/dV(V) spectroscopy measurements, we show that the energy-dependent LDOS maps agree very well with state-of-the-art DFT calculations confirming the one-up two-down charge ordering. This structural and charge re-ordering in the $3\times 3$ unit cell is equally driven by electron-electron interactions and the coupling to the substrate.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The Effects of Shift Work on the Worker
Creators: name: Butler, Sharon R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: There are approximately 15.5 million shift workers in the United States who work outside the standard diurnal (daytime) working hours of 7 am to 6 pm. As technology, globalization of industries, and the demands of a 24-hour society continue to escalate, so will the need for more workers to staff the related occupations around the clock. The types of occupations that include a large workforce percentage of shift workers are those that provide a 24/7 continuum of services such as healthcare workers, long-distance truck drivers, airline pilots, as well as a variety of service industry employees who produce goods and services on a continuous basis. Working non-diurnal hours on a regular basis, more commonly known as shift work, has been linked to many negative health consequences, including cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disturbances, sleep disruptions, and excessive fatigue. The reasons for these outcomes and an actual causal relationship between shift work and health effects have been widely debated among researchers. The disruptions to the body's natural biorhythms, or circadian rhythms, caused by shift work seem to be a common thread throughout much of the research in the field. This paper explores these negative health sequelae currently reported as possibly being caused by the body's inability to adapt to shift work hours. An explanation of the physical manifestations of these effects will be given. The role of the occupational and environmental health nurse as a consultant and educator will be discussed to minimize the negative effects of shift work and provide realistic solutions in assisting workers to cope with these varying work schedules.
Pew Internet & American Life Poll: Pictorial Activities
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Internet usage (1); email usage (1); accessing internet on handheld device (1); electronic devices owned (3); smartphones (1); accessing various websites (6); accessing websites on various devices (8); posing photos online (1); sharing images (1); posting videos online (1); sharing videos (1).