cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable magnonic mode-hybridisation and spectral control in a bicomponent artificial spin ice
Creators: name: Gartside, Jack C.
name: Vanstone, Alex
name: Dion, Troy
name: Stenning, Kilian D.
name: Arroo, Daan M.
name: Kurebayashi, Hide
name: Branford, Will R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are finding increasing use as model host systems for reconfigurable magnonics. The strong inter-element coupling allows for stark spectral differences across a broad microstate space due to shifts in the dipolar field landscape. While these systems have yielded impressive initial results, developing rapid, scaleable means to access abroad range of spectrally-distinct microstates is an open research problem.We present a scheme whereby square artificial spin ice is modified by widening a 'staircase' subset of bars relative to the rest of the array, allowing preparation of any ordered vertex state via simple global-field protocols. Available microstates range from the system ground-state to high-energy 'monopole' states, with rich and distinct microstate-specific magnon spectra observed. Microstate-dependent mode-hybridisation and anticrossings are observed at both remanence and in-field with dynamic coupling strength tunable via microstate-selection. Experimental coupling strengths are found up to g / 2$π$ = 0.15 GHz. Microstate control allows fine mode-frequency shifting, gap creation and closing, and active mode number selection.
Charged rotating black holes in dilaton gravity
Creators: name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Riazi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider charged black holes with curved horizons, in five dimensional dilaton gravity in the presence of Liouville-type potential for the dilaton field. We show how, by solving a pair of coupled differential equations, infinitesimally small angular momentum can be added to these static solutions to obtain charged rotating dilaton black hole solutions. In the absence of dilaton field, the non-rotating version of the solution reduces to the five dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole, and the rotating version reproduces the five dimensional Kerr-Newman modification thereof for small rotation parameter. We also compute the angular momentum and the angular velocity of these rotating black holes which appear at the first order.
description: 5 pages, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Shot noise distinguishes Majorana fermions from vortices injected in the edge mode of a chiral p-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Oriekhov, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral edge modes of a topological superconductor support two types of excitations: fermionic quasiparticles known as Majorana fermions and $π$-phase domain walls known as edge vortices. Edge vortices are injected pairwise into counter-propagating edge modes by a flux bias or voltage bias applied to a Josephson junction. An unpaired edge mode carries zero electrical current on average, but there are time-dependent current fluctuations. We calculate the shot noise power produced by a sequence of edge vortices and find that it increases logarithmically with their spacing - even if the spacing is much larger than the core size so the vortices do not overlap. This nonlocality produces an anomalous V log V increase of the shot noise in a voltage-biased geometry, which serves as a distinguishing feature in comparison with the linear-in-V Majorana fermion shot noise.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Guillaumin, C. (2020), Sesso, razza e pratica del potere. L’idea di natura, a cura di Garbagnoli S., Perilli, V. e Ribeiro Corossacz, V., Verona, ombre corte, pp. 245
Creators: name: Panighel, Marta
Publisher: name: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere
Year: 2021

description: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere, V. 10 N. 20 (2021): (Un)doing gender and migration stereotypes. Per un’analisi critica degli stereotipi nel rapporto tra genere e migrazione
On the covariant formulation of Dirac's equation
Creators: name: Lanczos, Cornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a continuation of previous investigations, the formalism used there is extended to the case when an external electric field is present and the covariant formulation is performed again. The equation system obtained allows no restriction in the manifold of the quantities if an undesired overdetermination is to be avoided. The combined appearance of the dual formations also indicates an improbable internal properly of the system and suggests that the underlying Dirac equation needs a modification. (Editorial note: In this paper Lanczos continues to discuss his ``fundamental equation,'' from which two Dirac fields forming an isospin doublet, or two spin 1 fields of opposite parities, derive.)
description: 11 pages. Initial translation by Josef Illy and Judith Konstag Masko. Final translation and editorial notes by Andre Gsponer
A Constructive Approach to Topological Invariants for One-dimensional Strictly Local Operators
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we shall focus on one-dimensional strictly local operators, the notion of which naturally arises in the context of discrete-time quantum walks on the one-dimensional integer lattice. In particular, we give an elementary constructive approach to the following two topological invariants associated with such operators: Fredholm index and essential spectrum. As a direct application, we shall explicitly compute and fully classify these topological invariants for a well-known quantum walk model.
Bright solitary waves in a Bose-Einstein condensate and their interactions
Creators: name: Karkkainen, K.
name: Jackson, A. D.
name: Kavoulakis, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of two bright solitary waves with a negative nonlinear term. The observed repulsion between two solitary waves -- when these are in an antisymmetric combination -- is attributed to conservation laws. Slight breaking of parity, in combination with weak relaxation of energy, leads the two solitary waves to merge. The effective repulsion between solitary waves requires certain nearly ideal conditions and is thus fragile.
description: 6 pages, 14 figures
Chung, Hyun Kyung, Schamanin im Bauch - Christin im Kopf
Creators: name: Dantine, Johannes
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 1 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 1
Bellè, E. (2021), L’altra rivoluzione. Dal Sessantotto al femminismo, Torino, Rosenberg & Sellier, pp. 227
Creators: name: Bonu, Giada
Publisher: name: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere
Year: 2021

description: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere, V. 10 N. 20 (2021): (Un)doing gender and migration stereotypes. Per un’analisi critica degli stereotipi nel rapporto tra genere e migrazione
Phonetic elicitation: Creak and glottalization, bilabials and uvulars
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Elicitation conducted in the PhonLab (UC Berkeley) using a word list. Targeted tokens focused on bilabial and uvular phonemes in initial, medial and final position.
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 6, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Reports
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 4
subject: Issue 6
subject: 2014

description: Table of Contents, Frontmatter
description: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 6, pages i-ii
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tetraalkylammonium Salts of the Weakly Coordinating Anion [Al(OTeF5)4]–
Creators: name: Kotsyuda, Sofiya
name: Wiesner, Anja
name: Steinhauer, Simon
name: Riedel, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Brønsted acid
subject: Pentafluoroorthotellurates
subject: Superacidic systems
subject: Tellurium
subject: Weakly coordinating anion
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: The weakly coordinating properties of the [Al(OTeF5)4]– anion were studied by the synthesis and characterization of its tetraalkylammonium salts [NAlk4][Al(OTeF5)4] [Alk4 = –(CH3)4, –(C2H5)4, –(C2H5)3CH3, –(C3H7)4, –(C4H9)4]. The one‐pot synthesis includes formation of the Brønsted acid in 1,2–difluorobenzene, H[Al(OTeF5)4](solv.), and its reaction with [NAlk4]Cl [Alk4 = –(CH3)4, –(C2H5)4, –(C2H5)3CH3, –(C3H7)4, –(C4H9)4] to the corresponding salts. Single crystals were obtained for [N(C4H9)4][Al(OTeF5)4] and characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis.
The Care Collective (Chatzidakis, A., Hakim, J., Litter, J. & Rottenberg, C.) (2021), Manifesto della cura. Per una politica dell'interdipendenza, Edizioni Alegre, Roma, pp. 124
Creators: name: Cherubini, Daniela
Publisher: name: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere
Year: 2021

description: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere, V. 10 N. 20 (2021): (Un)doing gender and migration stereotypes. Per un’analisi critica degli stereotipi nel rapporto tra genere e migrazione
Functoriality and the Inverse Galois Problem
Creators: name: Khare, Chandrashekhar
name: Larsen, Michael
name: Savin, Gordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 11F80, 12F12

description: We prove that there are infinitely many finite simple groups of symplectic Lie type, of any specified characteristic and rank, which appear as Galois groups over the field of rational numbers. This generalizes a result of Wiese, which inspired this paper.
description: This is a major revision in which several errors are corrected at the cost of a somewhat weakened main theorem. 32 pages
Il genere di ogni prodotto: riflessione sull’utilizzo di elementi comunicativi e formali che rafforzano il binarismo di genere e nuove prospettive
Creators: name: Morandi, Giorgia
name: Minelli, Mariabianca
Publisher: name: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere
Year: 2021

description: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere, V. 10 N. 20 (2021): (Un)doing gender and migration stereotypes. Per un’analisi critica degli stereotipi nel rapporto tra genere e migrazione
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 7, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Table of Contents
subject: Frontmatter

description: Table of Contents, Frontmatter
description: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 7, pages i-ii
Radiative Transition Properties of Singly Charged Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium and Barium Ions
Creators: name: Kaur, Mandeep
name: Dar, Danish Furekh
name: Sahoo, B. K.
name: Arora, Bindiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate values of electric dipole (E1) amplitudes along with their uncertainties for a number of transitions among low-lying states of Mg$^+$, Ca$^+$, Sr$^+$, and Ba$^+$ are listed by carrying out calculations using a relativistic all-order many-body method. By combining experimental wavelengths with these amplitudes, we quote transition probabilities, oscillator strengths and lifetimes of many short-lived excited states of the above ions. The uncertainties in these radiative properties are also quoted. We also give electric quadrupole (E2) and magnetic dipole (M1) amplitudes of the metastable states of the Ca$^+$, Sr$^+$, and Ba$^+$ ions by performing similar calculations. Using these calculated E1, E2 and M1 matrix elements, we have estimated the transition probabilities, oscillator strengths and lifetimes of a number of allowed and metastable states. These quantities are further compared with the values available from the other theoretical studies and experimental data in the literature. These data will be immensely useful for the astrophysical observations, laboratory analysis and simulations of spectral properties in the above considered alkaline-earth metal ions.
description: Accepted for publication in ADNDT
Missing growth measurement in Germany
Creators: name: Schreiber, Sven
name: Schmidt, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: creative destruction
subject: price imputation
subject: inflation measurement
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::339 Makroökonomie und verwandte Themen

description: Using detailed establishment-level micro data, this paper analyzes for the German case the hypothesis by Aghion, Bergeaud, Boppart, Klenow, and Li (2019), stating that officially published figures for real output growth would be systematically understated. The effect rests on overstated inflation estimates due to imputed prices for disappearing goods and services varieties, where measurable plant entry and exit dynamics play a crucial rule. Our main results regarding understated real output growth lie in the range of 0:39 to 0:54 average annual percentage points for 1998-2016, which is quite closely in line with existing findings for France, the USA, and Japan (in different periods). We also find that services sectors appear most affected, and that the effect in East Germany is somewhat larger. We investigate different market share proxies, provide additional robustness analysis and also discuss limitations of the approach.
Characterization of Suspended Membrane Waveguides towards a Photonic Atom Trap Integrated Platform
Creators: name: Gehl, Michael
name: Kindel, William
name: Karl, Nicholas
name: Orozco, Adrian
name: Musick, Katherine
name: Trotter, Douglas
name: Dallo, Christina
name: Starbuck, Andrew
name: Leenheer, Andrew
name: DeRose, Christopher
name: Biedermann, Grant
name: Jau, Yuan-Yu
name: Lee, Jongmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an optical waveguide device, capable of supporting the high, in-vacuum, optical power necessary for trapping a single atom or a cold atom ensemble with evanescent fields. Our photonic integrated platforms, with suspended membrane waveguides, successfully manages optical powers of 6 mW (500 um span) to nearly 30 mW (125 um span) over an un-tethered waveguide span. This platform is compatible with laser cooling and magneto-optical traps (MOTs) in the vicinity of the suspended waveguide, called the membrane MOT and the needle MOT, a key ingredient for efficient trap loading. We evaluate two novel designs that explore critical thermal management features that enable this large power handling. This work represents a significant step toward an integrated platform for coupling neutral atom quantum systems to photonic and electronic integrated circuits on silicon.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Disegno e Layout di un OP-AMP Full Custom in Tecnologia da 0.35μ
Creators: name: S. Energico
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2006

description: Questa nota descrive passo passo la procedura di layout di un amplificatore operazionale in tecnologia da 0,35 micron utilizzando Cadence con l'Hit-Kit 3.70 dell'AMS. Viene confrontata la simulazione pre-layout con quella post-layout e viene dimostrato che con un'accurata disposizione dei componenti le differenze tra le due simulazioni sono molto piccole.
Keeping them honest: Promises reduce cheating in adolescents
Creators: name: Kanngiesser, Patricia
name: Sunderarajan, Jahnavi
name: Woike, Jan K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: behavioral ethics
subject: cheating
subject: honesty
subject: moral decision making
subject: promises
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::155 Differentielle Psychologie, Entwicklungspsychologie

description: People frequently engage in dishonest behavior at a cost to others, and it is therefore beneficial to study interventions promoting honest behavior. We implemented a novel intervention that gave participants a choice to promise to be truthful or not to promise. To measure cheating behavior, we developed a novel variant of the mind game—the dice‐box game—as well as a child‐friendly sender–receiver game. Across three studies with adolescents aged 10 to 14 years (N = 640) from schools in India, we found that promises systematically lowered cheating rates compared with no‐promise control conditions. Adolescents who sent truthful messages in the sender–receiver game cheated less in the dice‐box game and promises reduced cheating in both tasks (Study 1). Promises in the dice‐box game remained effective when negative externalities (Study 2) or incentives for competition (Study 3) were added. A joint analysis of data from all three studies revealed demographic variables that influenced cheating. Our findings confirm that promises have a strong, binding effect on behavior and can be an effective intervention to reduce cheating.
Corradi, L. (2018), Il femminismo delle Zingare. Intersezionalità, alleanze, attivismo di genere e queer, Milano-Udine, Mimesis, pp. 159
Creators: name: Franco, Alessia
Publisher: name: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere
Year: 2021

description: AG About Gender - Rivista internazionale di studi di genere, V. 10 N. 20 (2021): (Un)doing gender and migration stereotypes. Per un’analisi critica degli stereotipi nel rapporto tra genere e migrazione
Studio Preliminare di VPN per l'INFN
Creators: name: Pinazza, Ombretta
name: Brunengo, Alessandro
name: Fasanelli, Enrico M.V.
name: Mazzoni, Enrico
name: Soprano, Claudio
name: Veraldi, Riccardo
name: Zani, Stefano
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2003

description: Le Virtual Private Networks sono nate allo scopo di trasportare traffico privato su una rete pubblica in maniera sicura e autenticata. L'introduzione delle VPN nel nostro Ente potrebbe rappresentare uno strumento per aumentare il livello di sicurezza nelle comunicazioni fra le unità operative decentrate e per agevolare i ricercatori che si spostano sempre più di frequente fra le sedi, i laboratori italiani o stranieri e coloro che lavorano da casa.Il Netgroup ha promosso questo studio preliminare per fornire ai Servizi di Calcolo e Reti uno strumento di partenza per la scelta di tecnologie emergenti necessarie a una tipologia di lavoro sempre più mobile e dinamica.
X-ray and IR Point Source Identification and Characteristics In the Embedded, Massive Star-Forming Region RCW 38
Creators: name: Wolk, Scott J.
name: Spitzbart, Bradley D.
name: Bourke, Tyler L.
name: Alves, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on results of a 96.7 ks Chandra observation of one of the youngest, most embedded and massive young stellar clusters studied in X-rays - RCW 38. We detect 460 sources in the field of which 360 are confirmed to be associated with the RCW~38 cluster. The cluster members range in luminosity from ~10^30 ergs s^-1 to 10^33.5 ergs s^-1. Over ten percent of the cluster members with over 100 counts exhibit flares while about 15% of cluster members with over 30 counts are variable. Of the sources identified as cluster members, 160 have near-infrared (NIR) counterparts either in the 2MASS database or detected via VLT observations. Of these about 20% appear to have optically thick disks. An additional 353 members are identified through NIR observations of which at least 50% possess optically thick disks. We fit over 100 X-ray sources as absorbed Raymond-Smith type plasmas and find the column to the cluster members varies from 10^21.5 to 10^23 per sq cm. We compare the gas to dust absorption signatures in these stars and find Nh= A_v x 2 x 10^21 cm^-2. We find that the cluster contains 31 candidate OB stars and is centered about 10" (0.1 pc) west of the primary source of the ionization, the O5 star IRS 2. The cluster has a peak central density of about 400 X-ray sources pc^-2. We estimate that the total cluster membership exceeds 2000 stars.
description: Accepted by AJ- 114 pages including 21 figures and 13 full length tables. 6 Figures converted to jpgs
Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Conversion by Interfacial Skew Scattering in Metallic Bilayers
Creators: name: Gueckstock, Oliver
name: Nádvorník, Lukáš
name: Gradhand, Martin
name: Seifert, Tom Sebastian
name: Bierhance, Genaro
name: Rouzegar, Reza
name: Wolf, Martin
name: Vafaee, Mehran
name: Cramer, Joel
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: interface
subject: skew scattering
subject: spin-to-charge conversion
subject: terahertz emission
subject: spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The efficient conversion of spin to charge transport and vice versa is of major relevance for the detection and generation of spin currents in spin‐based electronics. Interfaces of heterostructures are known to have a marked impact on this process. Here, terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy is used to study ultrafast spin‐to‐charge‐current conversion (S2C) in about 50 prototypical F|N bilayers consisting of a ferromagnetic layer F (e.g., Ni81Fe19, Co, or Fe) and a nonmagnetic layer N with strong (Pt) or weak (Cu and Al) spin‐orbit coupling. Varying the structure of the F/N interface leads to a drastic change in the amplitude and even inversion of the polarity of the THz charge current. Remarkably, when N is a material with small spin Hall angle, a dominant interface contribution to the ultrafast charge current is found. Its magnitude amounts to as much as about 20% of that found in the F|Pt reference sample. Symmetry arguments and first‐principles calculations strongly suggest that the interfacial S2C arises from skew scattering of spin‐polarized electrons at interface imperfections. The results highlight the potential of skew scattering for interfacial S2C and propose a promising route to enhanced S2C by tailored interfaces at all frequencies from DC to terahertz.
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 8, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Reports
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 4
subject: Issue 8
subject: 2014

description: Table of Contents, Frontmatter
description: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 8, pages i-ii
Quantum simulation of manybody effects in steady-state nonequilibrium: electron-phonon coupled quantum dots
Creators: name: Han, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a mapping of quantum steady-state nonequilibrium to an effective equilibrium and solve the problem using a quantum simulation technique. A systematic implementation of the nonequilibrium boundary condition in steady-state is made in the electronic transport on quantum dot structures. This formulation of quantum manybody problem in nonequilibrium enables the use of existing numerical quantum manybody techniques. The algorithm coherently demonstrates various transport behaviors from phonon-dephasing to I-V staircase and phonon-assisted tunneling.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Some issues concerning Large-Eddy Simulation of inertial particle dispersion in turbulent bounded flows
Creators: name: Marchioli, C.
name: Salvetti, M. V.
name: Soldati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of an accurate Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling of inertial particle dispersion in Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of turbulent wall-bounded flows is addressed. We run Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) for turbulent channel flow at shear Reynolds numbers equal to 150 and 300 and corresponding a-priori and a-posteriori LES on differently coarse grids. We then tracked swarms of different inertia particles and we examined the influence of filtering and of Sub-Grid Scale (SGS) modeling for the fluid phase on particle velocity and concentration statistics. We also focused on how particle preferential segregation is predicted by LES. Results show that even ``well-resolved'' LES is unable to reproduce the physics as demonstrated by DNS, both for particle accumulation at the wall and for particle preferential segregation. Inaccurate prediction is observed for the entire range of particles considered in this study, even when the particle response time is much larger than the flow timescales not resolved in LES. Both a-priori and a-posteriori tests indicate that recovering the level of fluid and particle velocity fluctuations is not enough to have accurate prediction of near-wall accumulation and local segregation. This may suggest that reintroducing the correct amount of higher-order moments of the velocity fluctuations is also a key point for SGS closure models for the particle equation. Another important issue is the presence of possible flow Reynolds number effects on particle dispersion. Our results show that, in small Reynolds number turbulence and in the case of heavy particles, the shear fluid velocity is a suitable scaling parameter to quantify these effects.
Hardware-accelerated Simulation-based Inference of Stochastic Epidemiology Models for COVID-19
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Sourabh
name: Krell, Mario Michael
name: Nabarro, Seth
name: Moritz, Csaba Andras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1
subject: 68T09

description: Epidemiology models are central in understanding and controlling large scale pandemics. Several epidemiology models require simulation-based inference such as Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) to fit their parameters to observations. ABC inference is highly amenable to efficient hardware acceleration. In this work, we develop parallel ABC inference of a stochastic epidemiology model for COVID-19. The statistical inference framework is implemented and compared on Intel Xeon CPU, NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU and the Graphcore Mk1 IPU, and the results are discussed in the context of their computational architectures. Results show that GPUs are 4x and IPUs are 30x faster than Xeon CPUs. Extensive performance analysis indicates that the difference between IPU and GPU can be attributed to higher communication bandwidth, closeness of memory to compute, and higher compute power in the IPU. The proposed framework scales across 16 IPUs, with scaling overhead not exceeding 8% for the experiments performed. We present an example of our framework in practice, performing inference on the epidemiology model across three countries, and giving a brief overview of the results.
Determining the cosmic ray ionization rate in dynamically evolving clouds
Creators: name: Lintott, C. J.
name: Rawlings, J. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionization fraction is an important factor in determining the chemical and physical evolution of star forming regions. In the dense, dark starless cores of such objects, the ionization rate is dominated by cosmic rays; it is therefore possible to use simple analytic estimators, based on the relative abundances of different molecular tracers, to determine the cosmic ray ionization rate. This paper uses a simple model to investigate the accuracy of two well-known estimators in dynamically evolving molecular clouds. It is found that, although the analytical formulae based on the abundances of H3+,H2,CO,O,H2O and HCO+ give a reasonably accurate measure of the cosmic ray ionization rate in static, quiescent clouds, significant discrepancies occur in rapidly evolving (collapsing) clouds. As recent evidence suggests that molecular clouds may consist of complex, dynamically evolving sub-structure, we conclude that simple abundance ratios do not provide reliable estimates of the cosmic ray ionization rate in dynamically active regions.
description: Accepted by A&A. 17 pages, 4 figures
Shadow cast by a rotating black hole with anisotropic matter
Creators: name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
name: Lee, Wonwoo
name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the shadow cast induced by the rotating black hole with an anisotropic matter. A Killing tensor representing the hidden symmetry is derived explicitly. The existence of separability structure implies a complete integrability of the geodesic motion. We analyze an effective potential around the unstable circular photon orbits to show that one side of the black hole is brighter than the other side. Further, it is shown that the inclusion of the anisotropic matter ($Kr^{2(1-w)}$) has an effect on the observables of the shadow cast. The shadow observables include approximate shadow radius $R_s$, distortion parameter $δ_s$, area of the shadow $A_s$, and oblateness $D_{os}$.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, references added, typos corrected
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 9, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Reports
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 4
subject: Issue 9
subject: 2014

description: Table of Contents, Frontmatter
description: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 9, pages i-ii
Grammatical elicitation: Verb paradigms
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Hermalin, Noah
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Includes 'fall,' 'punch,' 'sleep,' and 'break' (unaccusative) with singular and plural subjects and objects for first, second, and third person actors.
Digitization of Nigerian Polytechnics Library Resources for Sustainable National Development in the 21st Century
Creators: name: Osaheni Oni
name: Aminu U. Momoh
name: Odaro-Ekhaguebo, Kelly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This study investigated the Digitization of Nigerian Polytechnic Library Resources for Sustainable National Development in the 21st Century. A survey research design was adopted and a questionnaire was used for data collection. Accidental sampling technique was used in selecting the sample for the study. A total of sixty-two (62) questionnaires were distributed to the respondents who comprised the professionals, Para-professional and library support staff from the polytechnic libraries in Edo state and fifty- eight (58) questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed using mean score, percentage, and frequency counts. From the analysis of data collected, the findings revealed that improving library visibility, speedy retrieval of document, improved library services, space conservation, and increased access to library materials, improve inter-library collaboration, effective preservation of library materials, and increase marketing are the major reasons for digitization of polytechnics library resources in Edo State. However, inadequate funding, insufficient management support, poor internet connectivity, high cost of purchasing equipment, erratic power supply, inadequate skilled personnel and lack of planning for digitization are the major challenges affecting digitization of polytechnics library resources in Edo state. The study recommended that Polytechnic management should ensure that library budget, library dues and other monetary allocations for the library are judiciously expended on library development especially in the area of digitization
CMOS-based cryogenic control of silicon quantum circuits
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao
name: Patra, Bishnu
name: van Dijk, Jeroen P. G.
name: Samkharadze, Nodar
name: Subramanian, Sushil
name: Corna, Andrea
name: Jeon, Charles
name: Sheikh, Farhana
name: Juarez-Hernandez, Esdras
name: Esparza, Brando Perez
name: Rampurawala, Huzaifa
name: Carlton, Brent
name: Ravikumar, Surej
name: Nieva, Carlos
name: Kim, Sungwon
name: Lee, Hyung-Jin
name: Sammak, Amir
name: Scappucci, Giordano
name: Veldhorst, Menno
name: Sebastiano, Fabio
name: Babaie, Masoud
name: Pellerano, Stefano
name: Charbon, Edoardo
name: Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most promising quantum algorithms require quantum processors hosting millions of quantum bits when targeting practical applications. A major challenge towards large-scale quantum computation is the interconnect complexity. In current solid-state qubit implementations, a major bottleneck appears between the quantum chip in a dilution refrigerator and the room temperature electronics. Advanced lithography supports the fabrication of both CMOS control electronics and qubits in silicon. When the electronics are designed to operate at cryogenic temperatures, it can ultimately be integrated with the qubits on the same die or package, overcoming the wiring bottleneck. Here we report a cryogenic CMOS control chip operating at 3K, which outputs tailored microwave bursts to drive silicon quantum bits cooled to 20mK. We first benchmark the control chip and find electrical performance consistent with 99.99% fidelity qubit operations, assuming ideal qubits. Next, we use it to coherently control actual silicon spin qubits and find that the cryogenic control chip achieves the same fidelity as commercial instruments. Furthermore, we highlight the extensive capabilities of the control chip by programming a number of benchmarking protocols as well as the Deutsch-Josza algorithm on a two-qubit quantum processor. These results open up the path towards a fully integrated, scalable silicon-based quantum computer.
Grammatical elicitation: Pronominal possession
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
name: Hermalin, Noah
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
name: Michael, Lev
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Lead elicitor: Yevgeniy Melguy. Scribe: Tessa Scott. Clean copy: Noah Hermalin.
Carbon monoxide sensing in biological environments
Creators: name: Robson, Jonathan Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Chapter 1 reviews the literature surrounding gaseous small molecules and their sensors in biological environments. In particular, the biological relevance of CO is described, focusing on its production in the cell and role as a small signalling molecule. Development of carbon monoxide (CO) sensors has previously been limited to air and solution studies, however, the latest literature which highlights potential sensing applications in vitro and in vivo has been reviewed. Chapter 2 demonstrates a successful method to detect CO produced by both exogenous and stimulated endogenous methods in vitro. The detection method is based on the heavy atom effect, in which a BODIPY fluorophore is quenched due to attachment to a metal centre, but in the presence of CO the fluorophore is instantaneously released, and the fluorescence signal is restored. Chapter 3 describes a second method to detect CO, this detection method relies upon a change of electronic properties around a metal centre. The binding of CO reduces the non-radiative decay pathways promoted in the vinyl fluorophore metal complex. These probes were able to achieve large increases in fluorescence upon CO binding and in vitro studies were expanded to detect endogenous CO for the first time. Chapter 4 highlights how the probes developed in previous chapters can be made more suitable for in vivo studies. In particular the development of longer wavelength probes with greater tissue penetration is described in detail. The possibility of coupling near-IR probes with targeting units was also explored. Chapter 6 provides experimental details and characterisation for fluorophores and probes developed and described in previous chapters.
Estimating terrestrial uranium and thorium by antineutrino flux measurements
Creators: name: Dye, Stephen T.
name: Guillian, Eugene H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uranium and thorium within the Earth produce a major portion of terrestrial heat along with a measurable flux of electron antineutrinos. These elements are key components in geophysical and geochemical models. Their quantity and distribution drive the dynamics, define the thermal history, and are a consequence of the differentiation of the Earth. Knowledge of uranium and thorium concentrations in geological reservoirs relies largely on geochemical model calculations. This research report describes the methods and criteria to experimentally determine average concentrations of uranium and thorium in the continental crust and in the mantle using site-specific measurements of the terrestrial antineutrino flux. Optimal, model-independent determinations involve significant exposures of antineutrino detectors remote from nuclear reactors at both a mid-continental and a mid-oceanic site. This would require major, new antineutrino detection projects. The results of such projects could yield a greatly improved understanding of the deep interior of the Earth.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 10, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Reports
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 4
subject: Issue 10
subject: 2014

description: Table of Contents, Frontmatter
description: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 10, pages i-ii
The role of CD8+ T cells in immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP)
Creators: name: Sayed, Anwar Abdulfattah A.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by isolated low platelet count and a skewed proinflammatory Th1/Th17 profile. However, little is known about the involvement of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells in ITP pathophysiology in peripheral blood and bone marrow(BM) and how this involvement is regulated. Thrombopoietin-receptor agonists (TPO­RA); eltrombopag(Elt) and romiplostim(Romi), which stimulate the BM to produce more platelets, are increasingly used. However, it is not clear how can these agents induce complete remission in patients. Polychromatic flow cytometric panels were designed to characterize and functionally assess peripheral blood T-cells. Platelet reactivity has been addressed using an IFNγ ELISpot assay. Sixty patients with ITP were included who were on Elt, Romi or on no treatment at the time of analysis. BM trephines were stained for CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD42b+megakaryocytes(MK), and slides were analysed automatically. MK were generated in vitro to assess their interaction with T-cells. In peripheral blood, CD8+T-cells displayed an effector phenotype characterised by reduced CD4/CD8 T cell ratio and Treg/effector CD8+ T-cell ratio and increased effector CD8+ T-cell, which were associated with disease activity. This polyfunctional population expressed significantly higher intracellular TNFα, IFNγ and Granzyme B compared to HC. Elt seemed to significantly lower effector CD8+T cells and reduced their functionality in vitro in a dose dependent manner. In the BM, MK-T cell interaction and clustering was higher in patients, more prominently in chronic cases. MK demonstrated features of professional antigen-presenting-cells including the surface expression of functional MHC-I, MHC-II, PD-L1 and PD-L2, which controlled MK-T-cell interaction. CD8+ T cells are involved in ITP pathology contributing the inflammatory milieu. These potentially autoreactive cells could target both platelets and MK. MK seems to govern the immune response in the BM; by its direct interaction with either CD4+ or CD8+T-cells, and via its immunomodulation mainly by PD-L1 and PD-L2.
Artificial intelligence based writer identification generates new evidence for the unknown scribes of the Dead Sea Scrolls exemplified by the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa)
Creators: name: Popović, Mladen
name: Dhali, Maruf A.
name: Schomaker, Lambert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Dead Sea Scrolls are tangible evidence of the Bible's ancient scribal culture. Palaeography - the study of ancient handwriting - can provide access to this scribal culture. However, one of the problems of traditional palaeography is to determine writer identity when the writing style is near uniform. This is exemplified by the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa). To this end, we used pattern recognition and artificial intelligence techniques to innovate the palaeography of the scrolls regarding writer identification and to pioneer the microlevel of individual scribes to open access to the Bible's ancient scribal culture. Although many scholars believe that 1QIsaa was written by one scribe, we report new evidence for a breaking point in the series of columns in this scroll. Without prior assumption of writer identity, based on point clouds of the reduced-dimensionality feature-space, we found that columns from the first and second halves of the manuscript ended up in two distinct zones of such scatter plots, notably for a range of digital palaeography tools, each addressing very different featural aspects of the script samples. In a secondary, independent, analysis, now assuming writer difference and using yet another independent feature method and several different types of statistical testing, a switching point was found in the column series. A clear phase transition is apparent around column 27. Given the statistically significant differences between the two halves, a tertiary, post-hoc analysis was performed. Demonstrating that two main scribes were responsible for the Great Isaiah Scroll, this study sheds new light on the Bible's ancient scribal culture by providing new, tangible evidence that ancient biblical texts were not copied by a single scribe only but that multiple scribes could closely collaborate on one particular manuscript.
description: 23 pages, 15 pages of supplementary materials, submitted to PLOS ONE on 19 October 2019
Entanglement entropy and edge modes in topological string theory II: The dual gauge theory story
Creators: name: Jiang, Yikun
name: Kim, Manki
name: Wong, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second in a two-part paper devoted to studying entanglement entropy and edge modes in the A model topological string theory. This theory enjoys a gauge-string (Gopakumar-Vafa) duality which is a topological analogue of AdS/CFT. In part 1, we defined a notion of generalized entropy for the topological closed string theory on the resolved conifold. We provided a canonical interpretation of the generalized entropy in terms of the q-deformed entanglement entropy of the Hartle-Hawking state. We found string edge modes transforming under a quantum group symmetry and interpreted them as entanglement branes. In this work, we provide the dual Chern-Simons gauge theory description. Using Gopakumar-Vafa duality, we map the closed string theory Hartle-Hawking state to a Chern-Simons theory state containing a superposition of Wilson loops. These Wilson loops are dual to closed string worldsheets that determine the partition function of the resolved conifold. We show that the undeformed entanglement entropy due to cutting these Wilson loops reproduces the bulk generalized entropy and therefore captures the entanglement underlying the bulk spacetime. Finally, we show that under the Gopakumar-Vafa duality, the bulk entanglement branes are mapped to a configuration of topological D-branes, and the non-local entanglement boundary condition in the bulk is mapped to a local boundary condition in the gauge theory dual. This suggests that the geometric transition underlying the gauge-string duality may also be responsible for the emergence of entanglement branes.
description: typos corrected, updated the conclusion and discussion of the defect operator in section 2.5, one new figure, and references added
Drag Reduction by Bubble Oscillations
Creators: name: Lo, T. S.
name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Drag reduction in stationary turbulent flows by bubbles is sensitive to the dynamics of bubble oscillations. Without this dynamical effect the bubbles only renormalize the fluid density and viscosity, an effect that by itself can only lead to a small percentage of drag reduction. We show in this paper that the dynamics of bubbles and their effect on the compressibility of the mixture can lead to a much higher drag reduction.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. E