cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Application of explainable reinforcement learning in optimal drug dosing
title: a case of warfarin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Anzabi Zadeh, Sadjad
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2025
Subjects: Drug Dosing
Explainable Reinforcement Learning
Health Analytics
Policy Distillation
Sequential Decision Making
public abstract
Personalized Medicine
Pharmacology

description: Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) is a relatively young area of research in Machine Learning with a promising future. It allows the optimization of sequential decision-making by learning the best decision for any situation without prior knowledge of the optimal decisions. It presents the result in an explainable format that makes it easier to diagnose, understand, and use. These characteristics make XRL a useful tool in optimizing healthcare decision processes. However, the downside of XRL is that it is a data-intensive tool.
description: In this dissertation, we use warfarin, an anticoagulant, as our case and gradually build toward a framework for optimizing medical decision-making. This framework consists of two phases. Phase I uses a mathematical model to simulate the effect of an intervention on a patient and learns the optimal policy, mapping patients' states to the optimal decision. The second phase uses Policy Distillation (PD) to extract the policy and build an explainable one.
description: Chapter 1 introduces the problem of warfarin dosing and discusses the importance and impact of an individualized dosing protocol for warfarin. It uses a Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of warfarin to approximate the patients' responses to warfarin and Deep Q-Network (DQN) to learn and optimize the policy. The focus of Chapter 1 is to show the applicability and superiority of RL in warfarin dosing.
description: Chapter 2 presents the XRL model for warfarin. It utilizes Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) in Phase I and introduces ``Action Forging'' techniques designed to enhance the dosing quality for Phase II. Phase II employs decision trees to extract the policy and the result is aggregated in a table familiar to practitioners in this field.
description: Chapter 3 extends the proposed work by incorporating the decision duration in the decision space. It proposes new PPO architectures to address the curse of dimensionality induced by the additional dimension. While demonstrating the practicality of our approach, we acknowledge the need for further improvements to provide a practical dosing protocol. Potential remedies are explored to enhance the results.
description: The Conclusion Chapter presents the complete framework, discussing its potential and possible future directions. Our research represents a significant step towards XRL-based tools for optimizing medical decision-making, with the promise of improving care quality and reducing medical errors.
Diurnal variations of hormonal secretion, alertness and cognition in extreme chronotypes under different lighting conditions
Creators: name: Maierova, L.
name: Borisuit, A.
name: Scartezzini, J. -L.
name: Jaeggi, S. M.
name: Schmidt, C.
name: Muench, M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Circadian rhythms
subject: sleepPhysiology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior are modulated by external factors such as light or temperature. We studied whether self-selected office lighting during the habitual waking period had a different impact on alertness, cognitive performance and hormonal secretion in extreme morning and evening chronotypes (N = 32), whose preferred bed- and wake-up times differed by several hours. The self-selected lighting condition was compared with constant bright light and a control condition in dim light. Saliva samples for hormonal analyses, subjective ratings of alertness, wellbeing, visual comfort and cognitive performance were regularly collected. Between the self-selected and the bright, but not the dim lighting condition, the onset of melatonin secretion in the evening (as marker for circadian phase) was significantly different for both chronotypes. Morning chronotypes reported a faster increase in sleepiness during the day than evening chronotypes, which was associated with higher cortisol secretion. Wellbeing, mood and performance in more difficult cognitive tasks were better in bright and self-selected lighting than in dim light for both chronotypes, whereas visual comfort was best in the self-selected lighting. To conclude, self-selection of lighting at work might positively influence biological and cognitive functions, and allow for inter- individual differences.
RePair: Automated Program Repair with Process-based Feedback
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuze
name: Huang, Zhenya
name: Ma, Yixiao
name: Li, Rui
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Jiang, Hao
name: Liu, Qi
name: Zhu, Linbo
name: Su, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The gap between the trepidation of program reliability and the expense of repairs underscores the indispensability of Automated Program Repair (APR). APR is instrumental in transforming vulnerable programs into more robust ones, bolstering program reliability while simultaneously diminishing the financial burden of manual repairs. Commercial-scale language models (LM) have taken APR to unprecedented levels. However, the emergence reveals that for models fewer than 100B parameters, making single-step modifications may be difficult to achieve the desired effect. Moreover, humans interact with the LM through explicit prompts, which hinders the LM from receiving feedback from compiler and test cases to automatically optimize its repair policies. In this literature, we explore how small-scale LM (less than 20B) achieve excellent performance through process supervision and feedback. We start by constructing a dataset named CodeNet4Repair, replete with multiple repair records, which supervises the fine-tuning of a foundational model. Building upon the encouraging outcomes of reinforcement learning, we develop a reward model that serves as a critic, providing feedback for the fine-tuned LM's action, progressively optimizing its policy. During inference, we require the LM to generate solutions iteratively until the repair effect no longer improves or hits the maximum step limit. The results show that process-based not only outperforms larger outcome-based generation methods, but also nearly matches the performance of closed-source commercial large-scale LMs.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
title: Natural and artificial grottoes in ancient Roman villas
title: a sensory study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Aung, Myat Thinzar
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2026

description: This dissertation contextualizes the sensory designs of natural and artificial caves with hydraulic features that were embedded into Roman villas in Italy from the second century BCE to the second century CE. These grottoes were decorated with architectural elements, stuccoes, mosaics, paintings, and/or sculptures that engaged the bodily senses beyond sight. This study traces the development of these monuments, focusing on four case studies that illustrate pivotal moments in residential grotto design, their associated sensory experiences, and how these experiences dovetail with the overall villa visit. This examination is accompanied by 3D digital models that recreate the varying light levels and replicate immersive experience of the four grottoes in their respective villa environments, the details of which are difficult to understand through the existing archaeological remains alone. By using digital models and discussing these case studies within their larger villa contexts, this dissertation arrives at a more nuanced understanding of the lived experiences of individuals in the ancient Roman world, offering the modern audience new insights into how ancient visitors perceived, experienced, and interacted with art and architecture in their villa grotto environments.
description: This dissertation consists of five body chapters, the first of which surveys the material remains of the 41 extant ancient Roman villa grottoes in Italy. Each of the following four chapters focuses on a well-preserved case study that exemplifies a significant stage in grotto development that was summarized in chapter 1. Chapter 2 focuses on an artificial located within the larger suburban estate of Maecenas in Rome (ca. 30s BCE). Chapter 3 investigates a natural seaside cave integrated into a maritime villa at Sperlonga (ca. 4-26 CE). Chapter 4 features a manmade fountain, tunnel, and waterfall incorporated into an enormous garden complex at the urban Villa San Marco in Stabiae (ca. 62-79 CE). Chapter 5 considers a monumental dining grotto backed by a manmade waterfall and facing an enormous water canal at the Emperor Hadrian’s country villa in Tivoli (ca. 125-128 CE). Taken together, the models and the text of my dissertation contextualize how these four grottoes are integrated into the overall architectural and sensory experience of their respective villas.
The global burden of viral hepatitis from 1990 to 2013: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Creators: name: Stanaway, Jeffrey
name: Flaxman, Abraham D.
name: Naghavi, Mohsen
name: Fitzmaurice, Christina
name: Vos, Theo
name: Abubakar, Ibrahim
name: Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
name: Assadi, Reza
name: Bhala, Neeraj
name: Cowie, Benjamin
name: Forouzanfour, Mohammad H.
name: Groeger, Justina
name: Mohd Hanafiah, Khayriyyah
name: Jacobsen, Kathryn H.
name: James, Spencer L.
name: MacLachlan, Jennifer
name: Malekzadeh, Reza
name: Martin, Natasha K.
name: Mokdad, Ali A.
name: Mokdad, Ali H.
name: Murray, Christopher J. L.
name: Plaß, Dietrich
name: Rana, Saleem
name: Rein, David B.
name: Richardus, Jan Hendrik
name: Sanabria, Juan
name: Saylan, Mete
name: Sharaz, Saeid
name: So, Samuel
name: Vlassov, Vasiliy V.
name: Weiderpass, Elisabete
name: Wiersma, Steven T.
name: Younis, Mustafa
name: Yu, Chuanhua
name: El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa
name: Cooke, Graham S.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016

description: Background
With recent improvements in vaccines and treatments against viral hepatitis, an improved understanding of the burden of viral hepatitis is needed to inform global intervention strategies. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to estimate morbidity and mortality for acute viral hepatitis, and for cirrhosis and liver cancer caused by viral hepatitis, by age, sex, and country from 1990 to 2013.
Methods
We estimated mortality using natural history models for acute hepatitis infections and GBD's cause-of-death ensemble model for cirrhosis and liver cancer. We used meta-regression to estimate total cirrhosis and total liver cancer prevalence, as well as the proportion of cirrhosis and liver cancer attributable to each cause. We then estimated cause-specific prevalence as the product of the total prevalence and the proportion attributable to a specific cause. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs).
Findings
Between 1990 and 2013, global viral hepatitis deaths increased from 0ı89 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0ı86-0ı94) to 1ı45 million (1ı38-1ı54); YLLs from 31ı0 million (29ı6-32ı6) to 41ı6 million (39ı1-44ı7); YLDs from 0ı65 million (0ı45-0ı89) to 0ı87 million (0ı61-1ı18); and DALYs from 31ı7 million (30ı2-33ı3) to 42ı5 million (39ı9-45ı6). In 2013, viral hepatitis was the seventh (95% UI seventh to eighth) leading cause of death worldwide, compared with tenth (tenth to 12th) in 1990.
Interpretation
Viral hepatitis is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Unlike most communicable diseases, the absolute burden and relative rank of viral hepatitis increased between 1990 and 2013. The enormous health loss attributable to viral hepatitis, and the availability of effective vaccines and treatments, suggests an important opportunity to improve public health.
Quelle: http://www.sciencedirect.com
Acute injury of hippocampal dentate gyrus and hilus by elevated external potassium
Creators: name: Basile, Cristina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biology, Molecular.

description: Potassium is the most abundant ion species in the mammalian central nervous system. Under normal physiological conditions, most K+ in the brain tissue resides within the cytoplasm of neurons, glia, and axons. However, brain injuries such as trauma or ischemia may cause large amounts of K + to leak out. This sudden increase of K+ in the interstitial space may have severe pathological consequences. Animal models suitable for studying K+-mediated tissue injury are uncommon in the literature. Therefore, the main objectives of this thesis were: (1) to develop an animal model of K+-induced tissue injury and (2) to examine the mechanism and cellular events that are potentially responsible for the observed tissue injury. We chose to study the dentate hilus (DH) of the hippocampus because previous studies have shown that K+ homeostasis in this region is highly sensitive to traumatic brain injury. Approximately 150 adult male rats were used throughout this study. Under anesthesia, a small volume of K+ solution was injected into either the left or right hippocampal hilus. This was followed by an injection of the vehicle solution into the corresponding DH region of the contralateral hippocampus. The animals were then sacrificed at different time points post-K + or drug injections. Tissue sections were collected for immunofluorescent processing and quantification. The main findings are the following: (1) Microinfusion of low concentrations of K+ into the DH produced, within minutes, a large tissue cavity along the subgranular zone (SGZ). The SGZ is mainly composed of the initial segments of mossy fibers from granular cells of the dentate gyrus, interneurons of the hilus and astrocytes. (2) The occurrence of the tissue split was accompanied by rapid injury and destruction of glial cells. There was no detectable death of granular neurons. (3) The K +-induced tissue split can be reliably reproduced by the injection of the Na+,K+-pump inhibitor ouabain, which led to a rapid, endogenous increase of K+ in the extracellular space (ECS). However, injections of equal volume of NaCl, CaCl2 or distilled water did not induce tissue split in the DH. (4) In the presence of K+ channel blockers, both ouabain and exogenously applied K+ were no longer effective in producing the tissue split. Based on the above results, it is concluded that the tissue integrity of hippocampal dentate hilus is extremely vulnerable to high external K +. Glial cell death seems to play an important and early role in the occurrence of K+-induced tissue damage. Since traumatic brain damage as well as temporal lobe epilepsy exhibits similar pathophysiological features to K+-induced tissue injury, we propose that the latter can be used as a useful animal model for future mechanistic and therapeutic investigations.
Supersymmetry breaking in five and six space-time dimensions
Creators: name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: thesis
supersymmetry: symmetry breaking
dimension: 5
dimension: 6
orbifold
compactification
propagator
mass spectrum
perturbation theory: higher-order

description: Universität Hamburg, Diplomarbeit, 2005; 62 pp., (2005). doi:10.3204/DESY-THESIS-2005-009
description: Published by Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
3789460.pdf
Creators: name: Leshchenko, Vyacheslav
name: Jahn, Olga
name: Tzallas, Paraskevas
name: Kessel, Alexander
name: Krüger, Mathias
name: Münzer, Andreas
name: Trushin, Sergei
name: Tsakiris, George
name: Kahaly, Subhendu
name: Kormin, Dmitrii
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: technical details on the experimental setup, data evaluation and simulations
In searching for 4G mobile service applications: The case of the Indonesian market
Creators: name: Suryanegara, Muhammad
name: Asvial, Muhamad
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The role of the mobile telecommunications market is getting stronger, prompting a demand for new features from 4G applications. By focusing on the case of the Indonesian market, this paper analyses the characteristics of the upcoming 4G mobile service applications which might be popular in such a developing country. To construct the analysis, we conducted a survey over a sample of people representative of the likely market for 4G services and applications in five years' time. We also develop a model identifying the challenges as well as opportunities for the national players in the mobile communications sector, i.e. for the operators and content developers. The results indicate that the main source of service innovation is likely to come from combining knowledge of a country's local perspective together with that of the global trend of mobile service applications. The combination of both streams would create a new service which is likely to be swiftly adopted by the market.
Elucidating the role of testosterone in activity-induced muscle pain in male and female mice
Creators: name: Plumb, Ashley Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024

description: Chronic pain affects over 100 million Americans, with musculoskeletal conditions impacting 20-30% of the population. Despite chronic pain being more prevalent in females, most preclinical studies focus on male animals, limiting translation into human populations. Although testosterone may protect males from the development of chronic pain, there are very few research studies on testosterone and pain. Further, the insufficient reporting of scientific elements, such as blinding, randomization, statistical analysis, and sex of subject, further limits the progress in the pain field. Therefore, this work analyzed the reporting of these rigor characteristics in the journal PAIN and the role of testosterone in both male and female mice in a mouse model of activity-induced muscle pain. In analyzing the reporting of these elements in the journal PAIN, I found there has been an increase in reporting randomization and blinding in preclinical data, although this reporting was lower than clinical research. While utilization of both sexes remains high in clinical studies, the disaggregation of data by sex remains relatively low in both clinical and preclinical research. Investigating testosterone's role in activity-induced muscle pain, I found that the conversion to estradiol and activation the ER-α in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) protects against pain in males. In females, testosterone increases serotonin signaling in the RVM and activation of androgen receptors decreases widespread pain.
Model development, validation and nonlinear control of pneumatic suspensions
Creators: name: Zargar, Bahram
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: Pneumatic suspensions are widely used at present in the truck industry. The passive controllability of the parameters of these suspensions makes them suitable for load adapted suspensions. However, active control of these systems is challenging because of their parameter uncertainties and their highly nonlinear behavior. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop an active pneumatic suspension system to improve the ride comfort and performance of car suspensions. For this purpose, dimensional analysis was applied to the half car model of the Honda Civic. The conventional suspension of the Honda Civic was replaced by a pneumatic suspension. Its scaled half car model was designed and built. The parameters of the air spring were identified by carrying out a series of static experiments and frequency analysis on the physical air spring/load system. The mathematical model was validated by experimental results. Different nonlinear controllers were applied to the mathematical model of a quarter car Honda Civic equipped with an active pneumatic suspension. The first order sliding mode feedback linearization controller (SMFLC) with parameter estimator offers the best ride comfort and performance. The performance of this controller is further studied on the half car model in the presence of different model uncertainties.
Substrate-induced spin-torque-like signal in spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurement
Creators: name: Jiang, Dingsong
name: Chen, Hetian
name: Ji, Guiping
name: Chai, Yahong
name: Zhang, Chenye
name: Liang, Yuhan
name: Liu, Jingchun
name: Skowroński, Witold
name: Yu, Pu
name: Yi, Di
name: Nan, Tianxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxide thin films and interfaces with strong spin-orbit coupling have recently shown exceptionally high charge-to-spin conversion, making them potential spin-source materials for spintronics. Epitaxial strain engineering using oxide substrates with different lattice constants and symmetries has emerged as a mean to further enhance charge-to-spin conversion. However, high relative permittivity and dielectric loss of commonly used oxide substrates, such as SrTiO3, can cause significant current shunting in substrates at high frequency, which may strongly affect spin-torque measurement and potentially result in an inaccurate estimation of charge-to-spin conversion efficiency. In this study, we systematically evaluate the influence of various oxide substrates for the widely-used spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurement. Surprisingly, we observed substantial spin-torque signals in samples comprising only ferromagnetic metal on oxide substrates with high relative permittivity (e.g., SrTiO3 and KTaO3), where negligible signal should be initially expected. Notably, this unexpected signal shows a strong correlation with the capacitive reactance of oxide substrates and the leakage radio frequency (RF) current within the substrate. By revising the conventional ST-FMR analysis model, we attribute this phenomenon to a 90-degree phase difference between the RF current flowing in the metal layer and in the substrate. We suggest that extra attention should be paid during the ST-FMR measurements, as this artifact could dominate over the real spin-orbit torque signal from high-resistivity spin-source materials grown on substrate with high relative permittivity.
description: 36 pages, 22 figures
Correcting for 16S rRNA gene copy numbers in microbiome surveys remains an unsolved problem
Creators: name: Louca, Stilianos
name: Doebeli, Michael
name: Parfrey, Laura W
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: The 16S ribosomal RNA gene is the most widely used marker gene in microbial ecology. Counts of 16S sequence variants, often in PCR amplicons, are used to estimate proportions of bacterial and archaeal taxa in microbial communities. Because different organisms contain different 16S gene copy numbers (GCNs), sequence variant counts are biased towards clades with greater GCNs. Several tools have recently been developed for predicting GCNs using phylogenetic methods and based on sequenced genomes, in order to correct for these biases. However, the accuracy of those predictions has not been independently assessed. Here, we systematically evaluate the predictability of 16S GCNs across bacterial and archaeal clades, based on ∼ 6,800 public sequenced genomes and using several phylogenetic methods. Further, we assess the accuracy of GCNs predicted by three recently published tools (PICRUSt, CopyRighter, and PAPRICA) over a wide range of taxa and for 635 microbial communities from varied environments. We find that regardless of the phylogenetic method tested, 16S GCNs could only be accurately predicted for a limited fraction of taxa, namely taxa with closely to moderately related representatives (≲15% divergence in the 16S rRNA gene). Consistent with this observation, we find that all considered tools exhibit low predictive accuracy when evaluated against completely sequenced genomes, in some cases explaining less than 10% of the variance. Substantial disagreement was also observed between tools (R2<0.5) for the majority of tested microbial communities. The nearest sequenced taxon index (NSTI) of microbial communities, i.e., the average distance to a sequenced genome, was a strong predictor for the agreement between GCN prediction tools on non-animal-associated samples, but only a moderate predictor for animal-associated samples. We recommend against correcting for 16S GCNs in microbiome surveys by default, unless OTUs are sufficiently closely related to sequenced genomes or unless a need for true OTU proportions warrants the additional noise introduced, so that community profiles remain interpretable and comparable between studies.
At a loss for words: Probing subjectivity in Anne Sexton's "The Book of Folly".
Creators: name: Richardson, Julie.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern.

description: After receiving the transcript of one of her interviews, Anne Sexton archly commented to D. M. Thomas: "It's fascinating to read though in places highly inaccurate. I am known to lie, and I never let myself down" (M 279). The overlapping spaces between biography and confessional poetry are immediately vexed, particularly when Sexton's confessions relate directly to a problematic self, a multifaceted personality. The genre of confessional poetry, by definition, demands an intense use of personal experience, and Anne Sexton's The Book of Folly does indeed spill out the secrets of personal failure, emotional pain, sexual abuse, and mental illness; but the self that is created through art, the self that is expelled onto a page, vacillates between a number of ostensible truths and threatens to undermine the very core of confessional American poetry. What become finally the tenuous "truths" of the body emerge through questions of maternity which are ultimately important to Sexton. She variously interrogates the relationships with her own mother and her two daughters and articulates the mother/daughter theme into visions which redound significantly on the division between the Imaginary and Symbolic stages of psychoanalytic development. Sexton plays out this distinction in images of language, hunger, and excrement, all of which hold a central focus in The Book of Folly. Accessing these realms through the theory of Jacques Lacan and Julia Kristeva, and pelipherally through Mary Douglas' anthropological investigations, allows one to interrogate the fictional coherence of these notions more closely and to perceive the inevitability of Sexton's final act of self-sacrifice.
3794496.pdf
Creators: name: Yang, Jiamiao
name: Jingwei, Li
name: He, Sailing
name: Wang, Lihong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Detailed description of the angular-spectrum method, the single-shot focusing-through DOPC experimental system, and the preparation of the dynamic scattering medium.
Frequency-domain range data registration for three-dimensional space modeling in robotic applications
Creators: name: Curtis, Phillip
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.
subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: The registration method presented in this thesis does not require an initial estimation of the transformation, and avoids problems of the classical iterative techniques by employing the multi-dimensional Fourier transform, which decouples the estimation of rotational parameters from the estimation of the translational parameters. Using the magnitude of the Fourier transform, an axis of rotation is estimated by determining the line that contains the minimal energy differential between two rotated 3-D images. By using a coarse to fine approach, the angle of rotation is determined from the minimal sum squared difference between the two rotated image. As the Fourier transform introduces hermitical symmetry in the rotation, the proper solution is identified through the use of a phase-correlation technique, and the estimate of translation is simultaneously obtained. Experimental results illustrate the accuracy that can be achieved by the proposed registration technique and performance is compared with that of the classical iterative closest point method.
Requirement based regression test suite reduction using dependence analysis
Creators: name: Xie, Bo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: In this research, we present an extension to an existing requirement-based regression test suite reduction approach that uses EFSM model dependence analysis to reduce a given regression test suite [19]. The approach is based on the difference between the original model and the modified model expressed as a set of elementary model modifications: elementary addition of a transition and elementary deletion of a transition. For each elementary modification, the data and control dependencies are used to capture potential interactions between EFSM transitions. The potential interactions are used to reduce an existing regression test suite by eliminating repetitive tests. In this thesis, based on [19], we have defined some new dependencies introduced by elementary modifications of the EFSM model. We proposed algorithms to obtain these dependencies; to generate potential interactions with respect to (wrt) an elementary modification; and to reduce the regression test suite. We have also developed a Regression Test Suite Reduction tool, called RTSR based on these algorithms to be used for reducing the size of existing regression test suites. RTSR has been tested and validated. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Interplay between Nucleation and Kinetics in Dynamic Twinning
Creators: name: Chua, Janel
name: Agrawal, Vaibhav
name: Walkington, Noel
name: Gazonas, George
name: Dayal, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we apply a phase-field modeling framework to elucidate the interplay between nucleation and kinetics in the dynamic evolution of twinning interfaces. The key feature of this phase-field approach is the ability to transparently and explicitly specify nucleation and kinetic behavior in the model, in contrast to other regularized interface models. We use this to study 2 distinct problems where it is essential to explicitly specify the kinetic and nucleation behavior governing twin evolution.
 First, we study twinning interfaces in 2-d. When these interfaces are driven to move, we find that significant levels of twin nucleation occur ahead of the moving interface. Essentially, the finite interface velocity and the relaxation time of the stresses ahead of the interface allows for nucleation to occur before the interface is able to propagate to that point. Second, we study the growth of needle twins in antiplane elasticity. We show that both nucleation and anisotropic kinetics are essential to obtain predictions of needle twins. While standard regularized interface approaches do not permit the transparent specification of anisotropic kinetics, this is readily possible with the phase-field approach that we have used here.
description: To appear in Journal of Applied Mechanics
Klimaschutz-Monitoring in Kommunen
Creators: name: Hertle, Hans
name: Gugel, Benjamin
name: Herhoffer, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Kommunaler Klimaschutz
subject: Klimaneutralität
subject: Treibhausgasbilanz
subject: Treibhausgasneutralität
subject: Klima | Energie

description: Mit der derzeitigen Ambitionssteigerung bei den kommunalen Klimaschutzzielen in Richtung Treibhausgasneutralität 2045 oder früher muss nicht zuletzt auch eine Ambitionssteigerung bei der Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen einhergehen. Damit steigt auch die Notwendigkeit, diese Maßnahmen zu erfassen und zu bewerten. Aktive Klimaschutzkommunen führen bereit ein Klimaschutz-Monitoring durch, ein einheitliches Monitoring von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen gibt es bislang jedoch nicht. Dies war auch das Ergebnis einer Online-Umfrage und eines Workshops mit Experten*Expertinnen. Es besteht großer Verbesserungsbedarf, insbesondere bei der Entwicklung von Standards und der Bereitstellung von Daten und Tools. Der vorliegende Bericht spricht daher Empfehlungen aus, wie ein umfassendes Monitoring-Verfahren aussehen kann, das Kommunen auf dem Pfad zur Treibhausgasneutralität unterstützt. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: The current increase in the ambition of climate protection targets towards greenhouse gas neutrality in 2045 or earlier must be accompanied by increased implementation of ambitious climate protection measures. This also increases the need to record and evaluate these measures. Active climate protection municipalities are already carrying out climate protection monitoring, but there has not yet been a uniformly monitoring of climate protection measures. This was also the result of an online survey and an expert workshop. There is a great need for improvement, especially in the provision of data and tools. This report therefore makes recommendations for a comprehensive monitoring process to support municipalities on the path to greenhouse gas neutrality. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: Mit der derzeitigen Ambitionssteigerung bei den kommunalen Klimaschutzzielen in Richtung Treibhausgasneutralität 2045 oder früher muss nicht zuletzt auch eine Ambitionssteigerung bei der Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen einhergehen. Der vorliegende Bericht spricht daher Empfehlungen aus, wie ein umfassendes ⁠Monitoring⁠-Verfahren innerhalb der Kommunen aussehen kann. Darüber hinaus werden Empfehlungen aufgestellt, welche Monitoring-Elemente weiterentwickelt werden sollten, um Kommunen auf dem Pfad zur Treibhausgasneutralität zu unterstützen.
High Resolution Multiphoton Spectroscopy by a Tunable Free-Electron-Laser Light
Creators: name: Žitnik, M.
name: Mihelič, A.
name: Bučar, K.
name: Kavčič, M.
name: Rubensson, J.-E.
name: Svanquist, M.
name: Söderström, J.
name: Feifel, R.
name: Såthe, C.
name: Ovcharenko, Y.
name: Lyamayev, V.
name: Mazza, T.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Simon, M.
name: Journel, L.
name: Lüning, J.
name: Plekan, O.
name: Coreno, M.
name: Devetta, M.
name: Di Fraia, M.
name: Finetti, P.
name: Richter, R.
name: Grazioli, C.
name: Prince, Kevin
name: Callegari, C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Seeded free electron lasers theoretically have the intensity, tunability, and resolution required for multiphoton spectroscopy of atomic and molecular species. Using the seeded free electron laser FERMI and a novel detection scheme, we have revealed the two-photon excitation spectra of dipole-forbidden doubly excited states in helium. The spectral profiles of the lowest (−1,0)+1 Se1 and (0,1)0 De1 resonances display energy shifts in the meV range that depend on the pulse intensity. The results are explained by an effective two-level model based on calculated Rabi frequencies and decay rates.
La discipline au sein du tourisme à Cuba: Condition ou conséquence de son essor?
Creators: name: Bessin, Nadiejda
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Political Science, General.

description: Au début des années 90, le Bloc Soviétique s'effondre. L'île de Cuba, fortement dépendante jusqu'alors de son allié, entre dans une crise économique sévère. Force de réagir promptement, le Gouvernement socialiste cubain décide d'investir dans un secteur économique jusqu'ici boudé, parce que fortement apparente au capitalisme, le tourisme. Comment est-ce que le gouvernement Castriste est-il donc parvenu à permettre l'essor économique de ce secteur, tout en s'assurant que cette "invasion" capitaliste ne menace pas le régime? Il sera question, grâce à l'analyse des législations imposées aux partenaires étrangers opérant dans le secteur des complexes hôteliers ainsi qu'à l'étude des structures mises en place par les autorités cubaines, de montrer que si le régime castriste est parvenu à maintenir le socialisme à Cuba, c'est grâce au fait que, contre toute attente, la discipline ait fait partie intégrante de l'essor de ce secteur, plutôt que d'en etre la conséquence.
Fugal improvisation in the Langloz manuscript
Creators: name: Quintero Perdomo, Miguel Augusto
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Eighteenth Century
Fugue
Improvisation
Langloz
Music Theory
Partimento
Music History

description: The purpose of this thesis is to understand fugal improvisation from the perspective of the Langloz Manuscript. As one of the largest German sources of partimento fugues from the early eighteenth century, the Langloz enabled keyboard players to assimilate different conceptual models such as thoroughbass, fugue, and the rule of the octave (RO) that allowed them to improvise fugues. The manuscript is challenging for modern musicians because there are no written instructions, and the scores consist of sketches that must be deciphered. This study offers guidance on how to approach this document. For that reason, Chapter 1 is a broad survey of the meaning of improvisation from the perspectives of philosophy, psychology, and musical cognition. I argue that fugal improvisation is a complex task that is bound by physical, temporal, and cognitive constraints. Chapter 2 explores the cognitive constraints through the analysis of the historical conceptual models known to musicians of the time. A rich heritage of musical theories are linked to the emergence of the Langloz manuscript. Finally, Chapter 3 examines eight fugues from the Langloz manuscript to determine their general traits of design along with the challenges an improvisor might encounter that require creative choices to create musical coherence. I propose that duo modules play an important role in providing sufficient information from which solutions of realization can be inferred. In addition, many fugal subjects share similar schematic patterns that aid improvisation. This thesis suggests a historical reinterpretation of the meaning and boundaries between the conceptual models that make fugal improvisation possible within the Langloz manuscript.
Effects of extracellular calcium concentrations on cardiac muscle in selected vertebrates.
Creators: name: Bellier, Pascale.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Biology, Animal Physiology.

description: Hypercalcaemia was induced artificially in American eels, Anguilla rostrata LeSueur, by infusing CaCl$\sb2.$ The treatment did not have any significant effect on recorded blood pressure or heart rate. Considering these data I concluded that, at least in vivo, the eel heart is apparently insensitive to physiological increases in plasma ultrafiltrable calcium concentration. The effects of changes in external calcium concentrations on the strength of contraction of isolated electrically-paced heart strips were also measured in rats, frogs, rainbowtrout and American eels. This was done to test the hypothesis that eel cardiac tissue demonstrates a relatively reduced sensitivity to changes in extracellular calcium concentration. The data obtained, however, showed that contrary to the hypothesis, the eel cardiac strips were generally more sensitive than those from the other animals tested. As a result the null hypothesis that eel hearts do not have reduced sensitivity to changes in extracellular calcium concentrations in vitro was accepted. In fact, on the basis of the in vitro data, one should conclude that eel cardiac tissue is very sensitive to extracellular calcium concentrations. This conclusion is confounded by the observation that the uptake rate of $\sp{45}$Ca measured in contracting and non-contracting eel heart muscle strips did not differ, an observation that suggests that the eel heart relies more on internal than on external calcium stores for the development of tension. We are thus left with an indeterminate situation. That is, whereas eel cardiac tissue is very sensitive to changes in extracellular calcium concentrations in vitro, in vivo the heart is able to mitigate the effects of alterations in extracellular (plasma) calcium concentrations. Future studies should focus on how this mitigation. or at least the attenuation, of the effect of extracellular calcium on cardiac function in vivo is obtained.
Beste verfügbare Techniken für die chemische Industrie - was ändert sich durch die Industrieemissions-Richtlinie?
Creators: name: Brahner, Birgit
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016

description: Die Industrieemissions-Richtlinie legt für alle Mitgliedstaaten der europäischen Union auf der Basis eines Informationsaustauschs zu den besten verfügbaren Techniken verbindliche Umweltstandards für besonders umweltrelevante Industriesektoren fest. Im April 2016 werden voraussichtlich die verbindlichen BVT-Schlussfolgerungen "Abwasser-/Abgasbehandlung/-management in der chemischen Industrie (CWW-BREF)" von der Kommission veröffentlicht. Der Beitrag beschreibt die neuen Anforderungen für den Chemiesektor in Europa und deren Auswirkungen auf das deutsche untergesetzliche Regelwerk. An Beispielen wird zudem verdeutlicht, wie die konstruktive Mitarbeit von Industrie und Behörden im Informationsaustausch die neuen, für ganz Europa geltenden Umweltstandards wesentlich mit beeinflussen kann.Quelle: http://www.technische-sicherheit.de
3778676.pdf
Creators: name: Karimi, Ebrahim
name: Nejadsattari, Farshad
name: Zhang, Yingwen
name: Bouchard, Frederic
name: Larocque, Hugo
name: Sit, Alicia
name: Cohen, Eliahu
name: Fickler, Robert
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information
High HIV risk and syndemic burden regardless of referral source among MSM screening for a PrEP demonstration project in Toronto, Canada
Creators: name: Wilton, James
name: Noor, Syed W.
name: Schnubb, Alexandre
name: Lawless, James
name: Hart, Trevor A.
name: Grennan, Troy
name: Fowler, Shawn
name: Maxwell, John
name: Tan, Darrell H. S.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: To maximize public health impact and cost-effectiveness, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) must reach individuals at high HIV risk. Referrals for PrEP can be self- or provider-initiated, but there are several challenges to both. We assessed whether HIV risk differed by referral source among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex (gbMSM) screening for an HIV PrEP demonstration project. Methods: PREPARATORY-5 was an open-label PrEP demonstration project enrolling gbMSM at high risk of HIV acquisition in Toronto, Canada. Study eligibility criteria related to high risk was defined as scoring ≥10 on the HIV Incidence Risk Index for MSM (HIRI-MSM) and engaging in at least 1 act of condomless receptive anal sex within the past 6 months. Recruitment was promoted through self-referrals (ads in a sexual networking app and gay newspaper/website) and provider-referrals (10 community-based organizations, CBOs). HIV risk score (HIRI-MSM) and syndemic health burden were measured among gbMSM screened for study participation and compared according to referral source. Results: Between October 16 and December 30, 2014, online ads generated 1518 click-throughs and CBOs referred 115 individuals. Overall, 165 men inquired about the trial, of which 86 underwent screening. The majority of screened men were self-referrals (60.5%), scored ≥10 on HIRI-MSM (96.5%), and reported condomless receptive anal sex in the past 6 months (74.2%). Self- and provider-referrals had similarly high HIV risk profiles, with a median (IQR) HIRI-MSM score of 26.0 (19.0–32.5) and 28.5 (20.0–34.0) (p = 0.3), and 75.0% and 73.5% reporting condomless receptive anal sex (p = 0.9), respectively. The overall burden of syndemic health problems was also high, with approximately one-third overall identified as having depressive symptoms (39.5%), alcohol-related problems (39.5%), multiple drug use (31.4%), or sexual compulsivity (31.4%). There were no significant differences in syndemic health problems by referral source. Conclusions: HIV risk and syndemic burden were high among gbMSM presenting for this PrEP demonstration project regardless of referral source. Self-referral may be a useful and efficient strategy for identifying individuals suitable for PrEP use. Online strategies and CBOs working in gay men’s health may play important roles in connecting individuals at high HIV risk to PrEP services. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02149888 . Registered May 12th 2014.
title: NKX2.1-Related Disorders
title: a novel mutation with mild clinical presentation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Monti, Sara
name: Nicoletti, Annalisa
name: Cantasano, Antonella
name: Krude, Heiko
name: Cassio, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: NKX2.1-related disorders
subject: Syndromic hypothyroidism
subject: Neonatal screening
subject: Choreoathetosis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background A highly variable phenotype characterized by thyroid, respiratory and neurological defects has been reported in an already established group of disorders namely NKX2.1-related disorders. We describe here the case of an infant with a novel mutation of the NKX2.1 gene characterized by mild clinical presentation. Aim of the study was to elucidate the genotype-phenotype correlation in our patient. Methods We performed genetic analysis of the NKX2.1 gene in an infant with no neonatal respiratory distress and near-normal results at neonatal screening test for congenital hypothyroidism, choreoathetosis, ataxia and delayed independent walking. Results A novel mutation of the NKX2.1 gene has been identified, that is responsible for a mild framework of congenital hypothyroidism and neurological symptoms. Conclusions The frequency of congenital hypothyroidism cases associated with NKX2.1 mutations is expected to be higher in a subgroup of patients, selected according to the neurological presentation. In these patients the analysis of NKX2.1 mutational status is recommended.
Entwicklung einer neuen harmonisierten Testprozedur im Rahmen der Fahrzyklusentwicklung (WLTP) für Pkw und leichte Nutzfahrzeuge in der UNECE - Evaluierungsphase
Creators: name: Köhler, Felix
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Abgas
subject: Kohlendioxid
subject: Fahrzyklus
subject: Luftschadstoff
subject: Personenkraftwagen
subject: Kfz-Abgas
subject: WLTP
subject: CO2
subject: Luftschadstoff-Emissionen
subject: Luftschadstoffausstoß
subject: PKW
subject: Leichte Nutzfahrzeuge
subject: Autoabgas
subject: Verkehr

description: Die Wirtschaftskommission für Europa hat die neue weltweit harmonisierte Testprozedur für leichte Kraftfahrzeuge im Auftrag der EU-Kommission entwickelt. Im gleichen Zeitraum wurde auch die Abgasgesetzgebung mit Messungen im praktischen Betrieb auf der Straße entwickelt. In diesem Vorhaben wurden zwei, zum Zeitpunkt der Messung moderne, Pkw umfassend charakterisiert und dazu Messungen auf dem Rollenprüfstand sowie Messungen im praktischen Betrieb auf der Straße durchgeführt. Die Messungen wurden für den Diesel- und den Benzin-Pkw jeweils bei drei verschiedenen Temperaturen zwischen 5 und 25 Grad Celsius durchgeführt und die Ergebnisse im Rahmen der beiden Gesetzgebungsprozesse genutzt.