cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Within-person associations between psychological and contextual factors and lapse incidence in smokers attempting to quit: A systematic review and meta-analysis of ecological momentary assessment studies
Creators: name: Perski, Olga
name: Kwasnicka, Dominika
name: Kale, Dimitra
name: Schneider, Verena
name: Szinay, Dorothy
name: Ten Hoor, Gill
name: Asare, Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah
name: Verboon, Peter
name: Powell, Daniel
name: Keller, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ambulatory assessment
subject: ecological momentary assessment
subject: meta-analysis
subject: smoking cessation
subject: smoking lapse
subject: systematic review
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Aims When attempting to stop smoking, discrete smoking events (‘lapses’) are strongly associated with a return to regular smoking (‘relapse’). No study has yet pooled the psychological and contextual antecedents of lapse incidence, captured in ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize within-person psychological and contextual predictor–lapse associations in smokers attempting to quit. Methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science. A narrative synthesis and multi-level, random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, focusing on studies of adult, non-clinical populations attempting to stop smoking, with no restrictions on setting. Outcomes were the association between a psychological (e.g. stress, cravings) or contextual (e.g. cigarette availability) antecedent and smoking lapse incidence; definitions of ‘lapse’ and ‘relapse’; the theoretical underpinning of EMA study designs; and the proportion of studies with pre-registered study protocols/analysis plans and open data. Results We included 61 studies, with 19 studies contributing ≥ 1 effect size(s) to the meta-analyses. We found positive relationships between lapse incidence and ‘environmental and social cues’ [k = 12, odds ratio (OR) = 4.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.02, 10.16, P = 0.001] and ‘cravings’ (k = 10, OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.34, 2.18, P < 0.001). ‘Negative feeling states’ was not significantly associated with lapse incidence (k = 16, OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.98, 1.24, P = 0.12). In the narrative synthesis, negative relationships with lapse incidence were found for ‘behavioural regulation’, ‘motivation not to smoke’ and ‘beliefs about capabilities’; positive relationships with lapse incidence were found for ‘positive feeling states’ and ‘positive outcome expectancies’. Although lapse definitions were comparable, relapse definitions varied widely across studies. Few studies explicitly drew upon psychological theory to inform EMA study designs. One of the included studies drew upon Open Science principles. Conclusions In smokers attempting to stop, environmental and social cues and cravings appear to be key within-person antecedents of smoking lapse incidence. Due to low study quality, the confidence in these estimates is reduced.
Analysis of the Binding of Cytokines to Highly Charged Polymer Networks
Creators: name: Freudenberg, Uwe
name: Atallah, Passant
name: Sommer, Jens-Uwe
name: Werner, Carsten
name: Ballauff, Matthias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: counterion release
subject: Donnan-equilibrium
subject: networks
subject: polyelectrolyte
subject: protein
subject: protein adsorption
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We present a model describing the binding of biological signaling proteins to highly charged polymer networks. The networks are formed by polyelectrolyte chains for which the distance between two charges at the chain is smaller than the Bjerrum length. Counterion condensation on such highly charged chains immobilizes a part of the counterions which do no more contribute to the osmotic pressure. The Donnan-equilibrium between the polymer network and the aqueous solution with salt concentration csb is used to calculate the salt concentration of the co- and counterions csg entering the network. Two factors lead to adsorption of proteins to charged polymer networks: i) The electrostatic interaction between the network and the protein is given by the Donnan-potential of the network and the net charge of the protein. In addition to this leading term, a second term describes the change of the Born-energy of the proteins when entering the network. ii) The interaction of the protein with the highly charged chains within the network is governed by counterion release: Patches of positive charge at the protein become multivalent counterions of the polyelectrolyte chains thus releasing a concomitant number of condensed counterions. The model is compared to experimental data obtained on a set of biohybrid polymer networks composed of crosslinked glycosaminoglycan chains that interact with a mixture of key signaling proteins. The analysis of the experimental binding constants reveals that the counterion release mechanism is decisive for protein adsorption to the network at physiological salt concentration.
Connecting Dark Matter Annihilation to the Vertex Functions of Standard Model Fermions
Creators: name: Kumar, Jason
name: Light, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider scenarios in which dark matter is a Majorana fermion which couples to Standard Model fermions through the exchange of charged mediating particles. The matrix elements for various dark matter annihilation processes are then related to one-loop corrections to the fermion-photon vertex, where dark matter and the charged mediators run in the loop. In particular, in the limit where Standard Model fermion helicity mixing is suppressed, the cross section for dark matter annihilation to various final states is related to corrections to the Standard Model fermion charge form factor. These corrections can be extracted in a gauge-invariant manner from collider cross sections. Although current measurements from colliders are not precise enough to provide useful constraints on dark matter annihilation, improved measurements at future experiments, such as the International Linear Collider, could improve these constraints by several orders of magnitude, allowing them to surpass the limits obtainable by direct observation.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX. v3: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at DOI below
Missing the SDGs: Political accountability for insufficient environmental action
Creators: name: Partzsch, Lena
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: Political accountability
subject: insufficient environmental action
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) demonstrate an integration of development and environmental agendas. However, none of the environmental sub-targets, which were due by 2020, were accomplished. Global governance through goal setting requires functioning mechanisms of accountability. Based on a theoretical framework that differentiates between public, private and voluntary logic of accountability, the article illustratively explores accountability mechanisms concerning the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This allows to discuss the untapped potential for holding power wielders, such as governments, private companies, and norm champions, accountable. While the SDGs were adopted within public governance institutions, there are regulative means of accountability available that follow private and voluntary logic. Acknowledging this hybrid character of accountability in the implementation stage, the article concludes that there is a need for additional research to explore dimensions of non-public accountability for goals agreed upon by the international community. SDG indicators should be mandatory for corporate reporting, and civil society organisations should report more comprehensively on the spread of environmental norms in global development.
Criterios para la procedencia de la solicitud de interpretación de las sentencias proferidas por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Creators: name: Muñoz Pava, Yizel Xiomara
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Derechos humanos - Legislación
subject: Sentencias - Estudios de caso
subject: Función judicial - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Criterios
subject: Solicitud interpretacion
subject: Sentencias corte interamericana derechos humanos
subject: Fallo definitivo e inapelable

description: En el marco de la Organización de Estados Americanos, se adoptó el Sistema Interamericano de Protección de los Derechos Humanos, que propende por la prevención, promoción y protección de los derechos reconocidos a través de instrumentos y órganos de protección. La Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos es el tratado que faculta a las personas que han sufrido vulneración de los Derechos Humanos dentro de un Estado parte, con posibilidad de reparación por las violaciones cometidas, a través de un trámite de peticiones individuales iniciando ante la Comisión IDH y culminando en la Corte IDH con un fallo definitivo e inapelable, siempre y cuando ese Estado haya reconocido la competencia contenciosa. El papel de la Corte IDH es fundamental, pues aplica e interpreta la Convención y atribuye responsabilidades a los Estados a través de una sentencia que NO admite recursos, de manera que las únicas razones por las cuales se puede acudir a este órgano luego de emitida la sentencia es para aclarar su “sentido y alcance”. Entonces el propósito central es determinar cuál es la naturaleza jurídica de la solicitud de interpretación respecto de los fallos dictados por la Corte IDH, para determinar los criterios para su procedencia.
description: Within the framework of the Organization of American States, the Inter-American System of Human Rights Protection was adopted, aimed at the prevention, promotion, and protection of rights recognized through a series of instruments and protection mechanisms. The American Convention on Human Rights is the treaty that empowers individuals who have suffered human rights violations within a State party, with the possibility of redress for violations committed by a State, through an individual petition process initiated before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) and culminating before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) with a definitive and unappealable ruling, provided that the State has recognized contentious jurisdiction. Thus, the role of the IACtHR is fundamental, as it applies and interprets the Convention and assigns responsibilities to States through a ruling that does not admit appeals, so the only reasons for resorting to this body after the ruling has been issued are to clarify its "meaning and scope". Therefore, the central purpose is to determine the legal nature of the request for interpretation regarding the rulings issued by the IACtHR, in order to establish the criteria for its admissibility.
Gobierno de datos en la administración pública : caso de estudio la Unidad de Gestión Pensional y Parafiscal (UGPP)
Creators: name: Chaves Rodriguez, Zoe Mindy Alejandra
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Tecnología y derecho
subject: Datos - Política y gobierno
subject: Servicios públicos - Legislación
subject: Activos de información
subject: Calidad de datos
subject: Ciclo de vida de los datos
subject: Gestión de datos
subject: Innovación pública

description: En la cadena de producción de las TIC, el primer eslabón es la unidad mínima de información o dato, que tendrá la vocación de transformarse en activos de información estratégicos de las organizaciones; sin embargo, para alcanzar el mayor aprovechamiento, este requiere ser gestionado y gobernado con estrategia y visión para la innovación, un continuo de esfuerzos organizados y estructurados por parte de las organizaciones que no son ajenos a la administración pública. En el presente trabajo se desarrolló un estudio de caso de una entidad pública del nivel central del Gobierno Nacional de Colombia, a fin de comprender la importancia del dato como activo estratégico de la acción pública y la justificación de que el mismo sea gobernado. Con este propósito, se elaboró y presentó un marco de referencia que pone en contexto la importancia del dato para las organizaciones y la necesidad de gobernarlo para garantizar la calidad de los datos y el ciclo de vida de estos, luego se concluyó que, a pesar del nivel destacado en la gestión de datos de la entidad pública estudiada, existen oportunidades de mejora alcanzables a través de una visión estratégica del gobierno de datos.
description: Along the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) production chain, the data is the first of the links is the minimum unit of information which constitutes one of the strategic assets of organizations. However, to optimize its use, it would be required to be managed and governed with strategy and vision for innovation, a continuum of organized and structured efforts by organizations that are also a first order concern for public administrations. In the present work, a case study of a public entity of the central level of the Colombian National Government was developed, to understand the importance of data as a strategic asset of public action and thus a justification for it to be optimally governed. With this aim in mind, a reference framework was developed and presented that puts in context the relevance of data for organizations and the need to be governed by means of a construction of abilities and capacities such as, understanding the types of data, the quality of the data and their life cycle. For this specific case study, we conclude that despite the outstanding level in data management of the public entity studied, there are opportunities for improvement achievable through a strategic vision of data governance.
Decoding the Fucose Migration Product during Mass-Spectrometric analysis of Blood Group Epitopes
Creators: name: Lettow, Maike
name: Greis, Kim
name: Mucha, Eike
name: Lambeth, Tyler R.
name: Yaman, Murat
name: Kontodimas, Vasilis
name: Manz, Christian
name: Hoffmann, Waldemar
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Julian, Ryan R.
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Carbohydrates
subject: Density Functional Calculations
subject: Gas-Phase Ions
subject: IR Spectroscopy
subject: Mass-Spectrometry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Fucose is a signaling carbohydrate that is attached at the end of glycan processing. It is involved in a range of processes, such as the selectin-dependent leukocyte adhesion or pathogen-receptor interactions. Mass-spectrometric techniques, which are commonly used to determine the structure of glycans, frequently show fucose-containing chimeric fragments that obfuscate the analysis. The rearrangement leading to these fragments—often referred to as fucose migration—has been known for more than 25 years, but the chemical identity of the rearrangement product remains unclear. In this work, we combine ion-mobility spectrometry, radical-directed dissociation mass spectrometry, cryogenic IR spectroscopy of ions, and density-functional theory calculations to deduce the product of the rearrangement in the model trisaccharides Lewis x and blood group H2. The structural search yields the fucose moiety attached to the galactose with an α(1→6) glycosidic bond as the most likely product.
Expropiación y equidad : la ausencia de indemnización como criterio de redistribución
Creators: name: Aristizabal López, Juan José
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derecho administrativo - Legislación
subject: Ordenamiento territorial - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Expropiación - Estudios de caso
subject: Expropiación
subject: Indemnización
subject: Justicia
subject: Constitucionalismo latinoamericano
subject: Equidad

description: El trabajo busca responder la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Es posible concluir que mediante la reforma constitucional del AL 01/99 se limitó el proyecto redistributivo de la Constitución de 1991 al eliminar la posibilidad para el legislador de invocar razones de equidad para omitir la indemnización en los procesos de expropiación? Para lo anterior, el trabajo se divide en tres partes. Primero, se explora la historia de la expropiación sin indemnización en el ordenamiento constitucional colombiano. Segundo, se proponen dos modelos a partir de los cuales justificar la figura: la justicia como equidad de Rawls y la preocupación igualitaria del constitucionalismo en Latinoamérica. Tercero, se abordan tres casos para exponer eventos en los cuales son palmarias las tensiones entre la indemnización y la justicia y se delinean criterios bajo los cuales sería justo el uso de la herramienta. Así se pudo concluir que esta era una importante herramienta distributiva que fue eliminada en el marco del influjo de liberalización de la economía. Sin embargo, desde un punto de vista teórico y constructivista, esta podría estar justificada y ser justa a la par que podría ofrecer soluciones a las apremiantes cuestiones de desigualdad que se enfrentan en la actualidad.
description: The paper aims to address the following research question: Can we conclude that the constitutional reform of LA 01/99 restricted the redistributive project of the 1991 Constitution by removing the legislator's ability to cite fairness reasons to avoid compensation in expropriation processes? The paper is divided into three sections. The first section explores the history of expropriation without compensation in the Colombian constitutional order. The second section describes two models proposed to justify the figure: Rawls' justice as fairness and the egalitarian concern of constitutionalism in Latin America. In the third section three cases are addressed to expose events in which the tensions between compensation and justice are evident, and criteria are outlined under which the use of the tool would be fair. It is concluded that this was an important distributive tool that was eliminated in the context of the influx of economic liberalization. However, from a theoretical and constructivist perspective, it could be justified and fair, and could offer solutions to the pressing issues of inequality faced today.
Extremal Behavior of Long-Term Investors with Power Utility
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Nicole
name: Grether, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91G10

description: We consider a Bayesian financial market with one bond and one stock where the aim is to maximize the expected power utility from terminal wealth. The solution of this problem is known, however there are some conjectures in the literature about the long-term behavior of the optimal strategy. In this paper we prove now that for positive coefficient in the power utility the long-term investor is very optimistic and behaves as if the best drift has been realized. In case the coefficient in the power utility is negative the long-term investor is very pessimistic and behaves as if the worst drift has been realized.
The development of a point-of-care diagnostic for the porcine respiratory disease complex
Creators: name: Stringer, Oliver
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: The porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) consists of bacterial and viral pathogens, which commonly cause pneumonia in pigs and result in high economic losses worldwide. The pathogens involved include Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH), Pasteurella multocida (PM), Streptococcus suis (SS) and Glaesserella parasuis (GPS), Swine influenza, Porcine circovirus-2 and Betaarterivirus suid. This Thesis describes the development of a diagnostic platform that can be used pen-side to identify the main PRDC pathogens. Analysis of four isothermal amplification methods determined that loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) produced rapid and specific amplification. LAMP achieved detection limits of 80, 20, 8, 8 and 20 copies/μL in the detection of APP, MH, PM, SS and GPS, respectively. RPA achieved 10, 20, 80 and 10 copies/μL for APP, MH, PM, and SS, respectively. Furthermore, LAMP and RPA achieved clinical sensitivities of 80.39% and 84.31% (n=61), 71.05% and 78.95% (n=123), 80.0% and 53.33% (n=92), 45.24% and 40.48% (n=121), and 79.66% (n=111) detecting APP, MH, PM, SS and GPS, respectively. LAMP conditions were successfully optimised and lyophilised, enabling ambient storage. Lyophilised LAMP displayed a slightly delayed amplification, but increased sensitivity compared to freshly prepared reactions. Additionally, an equipment-limited tissue extraction protocol was developed, and although less genetic material was extracted compared to the gold standard method, it was significantly more rapid (5 vs 70 minutes). 10 clinical lung samples were compared in sample-to-result using fluorescence-, lateral flow-, and colorimetric-LAMP detection methods with equivalent results. The colourimetric-LAMP was developed into a PRDC panel, and its usability was well received in a demonstration performed to a group of veterinarians. Implementing a rapid diagnostic tool that can rapidly (<35 minutes) identify and aid in the diagnosis of these important swine pathogens will prove a powerful tool to veterinarians, ensuring appropriate and prompt treatment.
Azide-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazolium Salts as Useful Synthetic Synthons: Access to Triazenyl Radicals and Staudinger Type Reactivity
Creators: name: Stein, Felix
name: Suhr, Simon
name: Singha Hazari, Arijit
name: Walter, Robert
name: Nößler, Maite
name: Sarkar, Biprajit
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cationic azides
subject: mesoionic carbene
subject: radicals
subject: spectroelectrochemistry
subject: triazenes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Mesoionic carbenes (MIC) are a popular class of compound that are heavily investigated at the moment. The access to cationic MICs, and the ability of MICs to stabilize radicals are two highly attractive fields that have hardly been explored until now. Here the synthesis and characterisation of three different cationic azide-substituted 1,2,3-triazolium salts, used as building blocks for studying their reactivity towards triphenylphosphine are reported, where the reactivity is dependent on the nature of the starting triazolium salt. Furthermore, the cationic triazolium salts were used to develop a series of unsymmetrical MIC-triazene-NHC/MIC’ compounds, which can be readily converted to the radical form either by electrochemical or chemical methods. These radicals, which display NIR electrochromism, were investigated using a battery of techniques such as electrochemistry, UV/Vis/NIR and EPR spectroelectrochemistry, and theoretical calculations. Interestingly, the MIC plays an important role in the stabilization of the triazenyl radical, particularly in a competitive role vis-à-vis their NHC counterparts. These results shed new light on the ability of MICs to stabilize radicals, and possibly also on their π-accepting ability.
Selected U.S. Crop Budgets: Yields, Inputs, and Variable Costs, Volume III, Great Plains Region
Creators: name: Miller, Thomas A.
name: Miller, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Crop costs
subject: Crop budgets
subject: Production costs
subject: Great Plains region

description: This report contains estimates of variable costs of producing major crops in 16 production areas in the Great Plains region of the United States. Crops include wheat, barley, corn, grain sorghum, oats, rye, flax, soybeans, and hay. Budgets show the quantity and value of specific preharvest and harvest inputs, total preharvest costs per acre planted, and total variable costs per acre planted. Detailed breakdowns of crop yields and rates of fertilization are also included.
Effect of cooperative learning using learning together technique with technology media in teaching mathematics on percentage and ratio on mathematical problem-solving ability and mathematics learning achievement of Grade-6 students
Creators: name: Wananda Prabpai
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cooperative learning
Learning together technique
Technology media in teaching mathematics
Learning achievement
Mathematical problem-solving ability

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 6, 2, 280-292
Formal Insertion of Alkenes Into C(sp3)−F Bonds Mediated by Fluorine-Hydrogen Bonding
Creators: name: Garg, Arushi
name: Gerwien, Nils J.
name: Fasting, Carlo
name: Charlton, Alex
name: Hopkinson, Matthew N.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Alcohols
subject: Fluorine
subject: gem-Difluorinated Groups
subject: Hydrogen Bonding
subject: Insertion Reactions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: C−F Insertion reactions represent an attractive approach to prepare valuable fluorinated compounds. The high strength of C−F bonds and the low reactivity of the fluoride released upon C−F bond cleavage, however, mean that examples of such processes are extremely scarce in the literature. Here we report a reaction system that overcomes these challenges using hydrogen bond donors that both activate C−F bonds and allow for downstream reactions with fluoride. In the presence of hexafluoroisopropanol, benzyl and propargyl fluorides undergo efficient formal C−F bond insertion across α-fluorinated styrenes. This process, which does not require any additional fluorinating reagent, occurs under mild conditions and delivers products featuring the gem-difluoro motif, which is attracting increasing interest in medicinal chemistry. Moreover, readily available organic bromides can be engaged directly in a one-pot process that avoids the isolation of organic fluorides.
Senescent cells enhance newt limb regeneration by promoting muscle dedifferentiation
Creators: name: Walters, Hannah E.
name: Troyanovskiy, Konstantin E.
name: Graf, Alwin M.
name: Yun, Maximina H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cellular senescence
subject: dedifferentiation
subject: ERK
subject: FGF
subject: regeneration
subject: reprogramming
subject: salamander
subject: WNT
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Salamanders are able to regenerate their entire limbs throughout lifespan, through a process that involves significant modulation of cellular plasticity. Limb regeneration is accompanied by the endogenous induction of cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest associated with profound non-cell-autonomous consequences. While traditionally associated with detrimental physiological effects, here, we show that senescent cells can enhance newt limb regeneration. Through a lineage tracing approach, we demonstrate that exogenously derived senescent cells promote dedifferentiation of mature muscle tissue to generate regenerative progenitors. In a paradigm of newt myotube dedifferentiation, we uncover that senescent cells promote myotube cell cycle re-entry and reversal of muscle identity via secreted factors. Transcriptomic profiling and loss of function approaches identify the FGF-ERK signalling axis as a critical mediator of senescence-induced muscle dedifferentiation. While chronic senescence constrains muscle regeneration in physiological mammalian contexts, we thus highlight a beneficial role for cellular senescence as an important modulator of dedifferentiation, a key mechanism for regeneration of complex structures.
Feral American mink Neogale vison continues to expand its European range: time to harmonise population monitoring and coordinate control
Creators: name: Vada, Rachele
name: Illanas, Sonia
name: Acevedo, Pelayo
name: Adriaens, Tim
name: Apollonio, Marco
name: Belova, Olgirda
name: Blanco-Aguiar, Jose Antonio
name: Csányi, Sándor
name: Body, Guillaume
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: American mink Neogale vison
subject: distribution
subject: Europe
subject: invasive species
subject: occurrence
subject: risk assessment
subject: species control
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: 1. The American mink Neogale vison is an invasive alien species in Europe that threatens endemic biodiversity and can transmit zoonotic diseases, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The last attempt to map the geographic range of this species in Europe, at continental scale, dates back to 2007. 2. We aimed to update the distribution map of the feral American mink and assess its temporal trends. The information we collected was critically analysed with the aim of improving future monitoring protocols and data collection. 3. We gathered and standardised data from 34 databases, covering 32 countries. Through 3 five-year periods from 2007 to 2021, changes in range size, hunting bags and capture statistics were analysed. We also reviewed the current situation of mink farming in the different European countries and recorded population control schemes. 4. The American mink is now widespread in the Baltic States, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Poland, Scandinavia, Spain and the UK. The species is reported to be absent in some areas (e.g. parts of the UK, Iceland and Norway). Data are deficient for several countries, mainly in south-eastern Europe. These findings indicate that, during the last 15 years, the species has continued to spread across the continent, increasing its potential extent of occurrence in most countries. Our effort to collect and harmonise data across international borders highlighted information gaps and heterogeneity in data quality. 5. Updated distribution data on the species provided here will aid risk assessment and risk management policies. These actions require a coordinated effort for population monitoring at continental level. Monitoring effort and data collection should be intensified in south-eastern Europe to improve data on the current distribution of this invasive species.
SkyFACT: High-dimensional modeling of gamma-ray emission with adaptive templates and penalized likelihoods
Creators: name: Storm, Emma
name: Weniger, Christoph
name: Calore, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present SkyFACT (Sky Factorization with Adaptive Constrained Templates), a new approach for studying, modeling and decomposing diffuse gamma-ray emission. Like most previous analyses, the approach relies on predictions from cosmic-ray propagation codes like GALPROP and DRAGON. However, in contrast to previous approaches, we account for the fact that models are not perfect and allow for a very large number ($\gtrsim10^5$) of nuisance parameters to parameterize these imperfections. We combine methods of image reconstruction and adaptive spatio-spectral template regression in one coherent hybrid approach. To this end, we use penalized Poisson likelihood regression, with regularization functions that are motivated by the maximum entropy method. We introduce methods to efficiently handle the high dimensionality of the convex optimization problem as well as the associated semi-sparse covariance matrix, using the L-BFGS-B algorithm and Cholesky factorization. We test the method both on synthetic data as well as on gamma-ray emission from the inner Galaxy, $|\ell|<90^\circ$ and $|b|<20^\circ$, as observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We finally define a simple reference model that removes most of the residual emission from the inner Galaxy, based on conventional diffuse emission components as well as components for the Fermi bubbles, the Fermi Galactic center excess, and extended sources along the Galactic disk. Variants of this reference model can serve as basis for future studies of diffuse emission in and outside the Galactic disk.
description: 45 pages, 31 figures. Version 2 updated to match published version
Does a deformation of special relativity imply energy dependent photon time delays?
Creators: name: Carmona, J. M.
name: Cortes, J. L.
name: Relancio, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical arguments in favor of energy dependent photon time delays from a modification of special relativity (SR) have met with recent gamma ray observations that put severe constraints on the scale of such deviations. We review the case of the generality of this theoretical prediction in the case of a deformation of SR and find that, at least in the simple model based on the analysis of photon worldlines which is commonly considered, there are many scenarios compatible with a relativity principle which do not contain a photon time delay. This will be the situation for any modified dispersion relation which reduces to $E=|\vec{p}|$ for photons, independently of the quantum structure of spacetime. This fact opens up the possibility of a phenomenologically consistent relativistic generalization of SR with a new mass scale many orders of magnitude below the Planck mass.
description: 11 pages
Informal human rights law-making: How treaty bodies use ‘General Comments’ to develop international law
Creators: name: Lesch, Max
name: Reiners, Nina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Comments
subject: human rights
subject: law-making
subject: right to water
subject: treaty bodies
subject: torture prohibition
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::340 Recht

description: The United Nations treaty bodies were established to monitor the implementation of human rights by states parties. Through ‘General Comments’ – legally non-binding clarifications of treaty obligations – they have also influenced the development of international human rights law – for example, on the right to life and climate impacts. We address this phenomenon by establishing a twofold argument. First, we argue that General Comments are used by the committees to informally shape international law. They deliberately act as human rights law-makers, knowing that international institutions, organizations and professionals in their network will subsequently refer to such instruments. Second, we argue that treaty bodies not only rely on their network once they have adopted their outcome, but the experts’ personal networks also shape the drafting process of General Comments. We develop and illustrate an analytical framework with two case studies of General Comments on the human right to water and the torture prohibition. The analysis demonstrates the need for external knowledge of both technical and legal aspects of the norms being interpreted. By addressing pressing human rights challenges, expert committees can shape the law in times of stagnation and resist contestation even from powerful states.
Impact of COMT val158met on tDCS-induced cognitive enhancement in older adults
Creators: name: Hayek, Dayana
name: Antonenko, Daria
name: Witte, A. Veronica
name: Lehnerer, Sophie M.
name: Meinzer, Marcus
name: Külzow, Nadine
name: Prehn, Kristin
name: Rujescu, Dan
name: Schneider, Alice
name: Grittner, Ulrike
name: Flöel, Agnes
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Cognitive functions
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Individual variability
subject: Plasticity
subject: Transcranial direct current stimulation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Previous studies suggest that genetic polymorphisms and aging modulate inter-individual variability in brain stimulation-induced plasticity. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and behavioral modulation through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in older adults remains poorly understood. Objective: Link individual tDCS responsiveness, operationalized as performance difference between tDCS and sham condition, to common genetic polymorphisms in healthy older adults. Methods: 106 healthy older participants from five tDCS-studies were re-invited to donate blood for genotyping of apoliproprotein E (APOE: ε4 carriers and ε4 non-carriers), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT: val/val, val/met, met/met), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF: val/val, val/met, met/met) and KIdney/BRAin encoding gene (KIBRA: C/C, C/T, T/T). Studies had assessed cognitive performance during tDCS and sham in cross-over designs. We now asked whether the tDCS responsiveness was related to the four genotypes using a linear regression models. Results: We found that tDCS responsiveness was significantly associated with COMT polymorphism; i.e., COMT val carriers (compared to met/met) showed higher tDCS responsiveness. No other significant associations emerged. Conclusion: Using data from five brain stimulation studies conducted in our group, we showed that only individual variation of COMT genotypes modulated behavioral response to tDCS. These findings contribute to the understanding of inherent factors that explain inter-individual variability in functional tDCS effects in older adults, and might help to better stratify participants for future clinical trials.
Natural Fermion Hierarchies from Random Yukawa Couplings
Creators: name: von Gersdorff, Gero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model of particle physics requires Yukawa matrices with eigenval- ues that differ by orders of magnitude. We propose a novel way to explain this fact without any small or large parameters. The mechanism is based on the observation that products of matrices of random order one-numbers have hierarchical spectra. The same mechanism can easily account for the hierarchical structure of the quark mixing matrix.
description: 9 pages. v2: Extended and improved discussion on CKM matrix. References added. Matches published version
Unimodularity Criteria for Poisson Structures on Foliated Manifolds
Creators: name: Pedroza, Andrés
name: Velasco-Barreras, Eduardo
name: Vorobiev, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C05, 53C12, 53D17

description: We study the behavior of the modular class of an orientable Poisson manifold and formulate some unimodularity criteria in the semilocal context, around a (singular) symplectic leaf. Our results generalize some known unimodularity criteria for regular Poisson manifolds related to the notion of the Reeb class. In particular, we show that the unimodularity of the transverse Poisson structure of the leaf is a necessary condition for the semilocal unimodular property. Our main tool is an explicit formula for a bigraded decomposition of modular vector fields of a coupling Poisson structure on a foliated manifold. Moreover, we also exploit the notion of the modular class of a Poisson foliation and its relationship with the Reeb class.
description: 17 pages
Combining and Steganography of 3D Face Textures
Creators: name: Moradi, Mohsen
name: Sadeghi, Mohammad-Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 14G50

description: One of the serious issues in communication between people is hiding information from others, and the best way for this, is deceiving them. Since nowadays face images are mostly used in three dimensional format, in this paper we are going to steganography 3D face images, detecting which by curious people will be impossible. As in detecting face only its texture is important, we separate texture from shape matrices, for eliminating half of the extra information, steganography is done only for face texture, and for reconstructing 3D face, we can use any other shape. Moreover, we will indicate that, by using two textures, how two 3D faces can be combined. For a complete description of the process, first, 2D faces are used as an input for building 3D faces, and then 3D textures are hidden within other images.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures, 16 equations, 5 sections
Coulomb interaction driven instabilities of sliding Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Sur, Shouvik
name: Yang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systems made of periodic arrays of one dimensional quantum wires, coupled by Coulomb interaction. Using bosonization an interacting metallic fixed point is obtained, which is shown to be a higher dimensional analogue of the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, or a sliding Luttinger liquid. This non-Fermi liquid metallic state, however, is unstable in the presence of weak interwire backscatterings, which favor charge density wave states and suppress pairing. Depending on the effective strength of the Coulomb repulsion and the size of interwire spacing various charge density wave states are stabilized, including Wigner crystal states. Our method allows for the determination of the specific ordering patterns, and corresponding energy and temperature scales.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Ménec Fossae on Europa: A Strike-Slip Tectonics Origin Above a Possible Shallow Water Reservoir
Creators: name: Matteoni, Pietro
name: Neesemann, Alicia
name: Jaumann, Ralf
name: Hillier, Jon
name: Postberg, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Europa
subject: tectonics
subject: strike-slip
subject: digital terrain models
subject: shallow water bodies
subject: Europa Clipper
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Faults and fractures may emplace fresh material onto Europa's surface, originating from shallow reservoirs within the ice shell or directly from the subsurface ocean. Ménec Fossae is a region of particular interest as it displays the interaction of several geological features, including bands, double ridges, chaotic terrains, and fossae, within a relatively small area. These features might affect the emplacement of buried material and subsequent exposure of fresh volatiles, prime targets for the upcoming JUICE and Europa Clipper missions in order to assess Europa's astrobiological potential. Previous studies have already revealed that a deep central trough is present at Ménec Fossae, flanked by several subparallel minor troughs and by a few asymmetrical scarps with lobate planforms. The presence of such features has motivated this study, given its potential to provide clear indications on the tectonic regime involved. Through detailed geomorphological-structural mapping using Galileo Solid State Imager data and terrain analysis on Digital Terrain Models, we could develop a novel hypothesis on the formation mechanisms that might have been involved in the study area. We propose that Ménec Fossae has been shaped by transtensional (strike-slip with an extensional component) tectonic activity, as indicated by the orientation and relationship of the tectonic features present. Likely, such transtensional tectonism occurred above or associated with shallow subsurface water, consistent with the overall morphology and topography of the study area and the presence of chaotic terrains and double ridges. These results strengthen the case for widely distributed shallow water reservoirs within Europa's ice shell.
Resolving the atmospheric octant by an improved measurement of the reactor angle
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sabya Sachi
name: Pasquini, Pedro
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking into account the current global information on neutrino oscillation parameters we forecast the capabilities of future long baseline experiments such as DUNE and T2HK in settling the atmospheric octant puzzle. We find that a good measurement of the reactor angle $θ_{13}$ plays a key role in fixing the octant of the atmospheric angle $θ_{23}$ with such future accelerator neutrino studies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Few changes incorporated, one extra figure added, accepted for PRD rapid communication
Comparative Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Prevalence and Resistance Patterns in Canine and Feline Clinical Samples: Insights from a Three-Year Study in Germany
Creators: name: Feuer, Leonie
name: Frenzer, Stefanie Katharina
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Bäumer, Wolfgang
name: Lübke-Becker, Antina
name: Klein, Babette
name: Bartel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: MRSP
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: AMR monitoring
subject: companion animals
subject: retrospective
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) presents a significant public health concern globally, particularly within veterinary medicine. MRSP’s resistance to multiple antibiotics is limiting treatment options and potentially leading to severe infections in companion animals. This study aimed to understand antimicrobial resistance in dogs and cats, focusing on MRSP resistance patterns and its prevalence in Germany. We analyzed results of bacterial diagnostic samples from canines and felines, sourced from a German veterinary diagnostic microbiology laboratory between 2019 and 2021. This dataset included samples from 3491 veterinary practices, covering 33.1% of veterinary practices and clinics in Germany. MRSP rates were detailed by host species, sample types and co-resistance patterns. Analysis of 175,171 bacterial examination results revealed S. pseudintermedius in 44,880 samples, yielding a 25.6% isolation rate. S. pseudintermedius was more prevalent in dogs (35.0%) than cats (3.6%). Methicillin resistance was found in 7.5% of all S. pseudintermedius isolates. MRSP prevalence was higher in feline samples (16.1%, 95% CI 14.4–17.8) compared to canine samples (7.1%, 95% CI 6.8–7.0). S. pseudintermedius showed high resistance rates to ampicillin (cats: 48.6%, dogs: 67.6%) and clindamycin (cats: 37.2%, dogs: 32.7%), while MRSP exhibited high co-resistance to clindamycin (cats: 82.8%, dogs: 85.4%) and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (cats: 66.4%, dogs: 66.2%). Our study revealed distinct resistance patterns of MRSP in cats compared to dogs, highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches and the importance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance.