cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Reduction in massive postpartum haemorrhage and red blood cell transfusion during a national quality improvement project, Obstetric Bleeding Strategy for Wales, OBS Cymru: an observational study
Creators: name: Bell, Sarah F.
name: Collis, Rachel E.
name: Pallmann, Philip
name: Bailey, Christopher
name: James, Kathryn
name: John, Miriam
name: Kelly, Kevin
name: Kitchen, Thomas
name: Scarr, Cerys
name: Watkins, Adam
name: Edey, Tracey
name: Macgillivray, Elinore
name: Greaves, Kathryn
name: Volikas, Ingrid
name: Tozer, James
name: Niladri Sengupta
name: Roberts, Iolo
name: Francis, Claire
name: Collins, Peter W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Data collection proforma for postpartum haemorrhage of 1000 mL and 1500 mL. Figure S2. Interrupted time series analysis of massive postpartum haemorrhage (> 2500 mL) before and after OBS Cymru.
Chemokine CCL25 induces migration and extracellular matrix production of anulus fibrosus-derived cells
Creators: name: Stich, Stefan
name: Möller, Anke
name: Cabraja, Mario
name: Krüger, Jan Philipp
name: Hondke, Sylvia
name: Endres, Michaela
name: Ringe, Jochen
name: Sittinger, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anulus fibrosus
subject: CCL25
subject: TECK
subject: chemotaxis
subject: differentiation
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: tissue regeneration
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Intervertebral disc degeneration is a major source of back pain. For intervertebral disc regeneration after herniation a fast closure of anulus fibrosus (AF) defects is crucial. Here, the use of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL)25 in comparison to differentiation factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)beta 3, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2, BMP7, BMP12, and BMP14 (all in concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) was tested in an in vitro micro mass pellet model with isolated and cultivated human AF-cells (n = 3) to induce and enhance AF-matrix formation. The pellets were differentiated (serum-free) with supplementation of the factors. After 28 days all used factors induced proteoglycan production (safranin O staining) and collagen type I production (immunohistochemical staining) in at least one of the tested concentrations. Histomorphometric scoring revealed that TGF beta 3 delivered the strongest induction of proteoglycan production in all three concentrations. Furthermore, it was the only factor able to facilitate collagen type II production, even higher than in native tissue samples. CCL25 was also able to induce proteoglycan and collagen type I production comparable to several BMPs. CCL25 could additionally induce migration of AF-cells in a chemotaxis assay and therefore possibly aid in regeneration processes after disc herniation by recruiting AF-cells.
Economic Analysis of Avoiding a Potential Health Hazard on an Individual Farm
Creators: name: Burton, Robert O.
name: Key, Ross
name: Schurle, Bryan
name: Regehr, David
name: Burton, Robert O.
name: Key, Ross
name: Schurle, Bryan
name: Regehr, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management
Health Economics and Policy
Production Economics

description: A ten-year linear programming model of a representative dryland crop farm in North Central Kansas is used to develop and illustrate procedures for analyzing economic impacts of the elimination of one or more pesticides on an individual farm. Atrazine is used as an example pesticide because of its widespread use and because concerns about atrazine have been expressed in the United States and in other countries. An important outcome is that impacts on grain sorghum would likely be greater than impacts on corn because more alternative and effective herbicides are available for corn.
Additional file 1 of Dynamic prediction based on variability of a longitudinal biomarker
Creators: name: Campbell, Kristen R.
name: Martins, Rui
name: Davis, Scott
name: Juarez-Colunga, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Dynamic prediction based on variability of a longitudinal biomarker Supplemental Materials
A narrow-band sodium-resonant fiber-coupled single photon source
Creators: name: Stein, Guilherme
name: Bushmakin, Vladislav
name: Wang, Yijun
name: Schell, Andreas W.
name: Gerhardt, Ilja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technology requires the creation and control over single photons as an important resource. We present a single photon source based on a single molecule which is attached to the end-facet of an optical fiber. To realize a narrow linewidth, the system is cooled down to liquid-helium temperatures. The molecule is optically excited and its fluorescence is collected through the fiber. We have recorded an excitation spectrum, a saturation curve and analyzed the contributions of Raman background fluorescence. This presents to date the crucial limit for the introduced device. The single photon nature is proven by an anti-bunched auto-correlation recording, which also shows coherent Rabi oscillations.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Finding Low-Temperature States with Parallel Tempering, Simulated Annealing and Simple Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Moreno, J. J.
name: Katzgraber, H. G.
name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulation techniques, like simulated annealing and parallel tempering, are often used to evaluate low-temperature properties and find ground states of disordered systems. Here we compare these methods using direct calculations of ground states for three-dimensional Ising diluted antiferromagnets in a field (DAFF) and three-dimensional Ising spin glasses (ISG). For the DAFF, we find that, with respect to obtaining ground states, parallel tempering is superior to simple Monte-Carlo and to simulated annealing. However, equilibration becomes more difficult with increasing magnitude of the externally applied field. For the ISG with bimodal couplings, which exhibits a high degeneracy, we conclude that finding true ground states is easy for small systems, as is already known. But finding each of the degenerate ground states with the same probability (or frequency), as required by Boltzmann statistics, is considerably harder and becomes almost impossible for larger systems.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication at Int. J. of Mod. Phys. C, issue 14(3)
Determinants of Farmland Values In the Rapidly Developing Boise, Idaho Metro Area: Applying Mathematical Modeling to Highest and Best Use Analysis
Creators: name: Beasley, April
name: Nelson, James
name: Stroschein, Ruby
name: Hamilton, Joel
name: Beasley, April
name: Nelson, James
name: Stroschein, Ruby
name: Hamilton, Joel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Land Economics/Use

description: In areas where urban development is threatening quality farmland, zoning policies that encourage development on low productivity land have a significant influence on market forces, resulting in upward pressure on the prices of low productivity farmland. This helps identify potential permanent changes of use to a different highest and best use. Identifying the highest and best use of land is fundamental in estimating a vacant land value and identifying comparable sales of vacant land.
Truly target-focused pharmacophore modeling: a novel tool for mapping intermolecular surfaces
Creators: name: Mortier, Jérémie
name: Dhakal, Pratik
name: Volkamer, Andrea
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: target-focused pharmacophore modeling
subject: density-based clustering
subject: structure-based drug design
subject: AutoGrid
subject: grid maps
subject: probe energies
subject: method development
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Pharmacophore models are an accurate and minimal tridimensional abstraction of intermolecular interactions between chemical structures, usually derived from a group of molecules or from a ligand-target complex. Only a limited amount of solutions exists to model comprehensive pharmacophores using the information of a particular target structure without knowledge of any binding ligand. In this work, an automated and customable tool for truly target-focused ((TF)-F-2) pharmacophore modeling is introduced. Key molecular interaction fields of a macromolecular structure are calculated using the AutoGRID energy functions. The most relevant points are selected by a newly developed filtering cascade and clustered to pharmacophore features with a density-based algorithm. Using five different protein classes, the ability of this method to identify essential pharmacophore features was compared to structure-based pharmacophores derived from ligand-target interactions. This method represents an extremely valuable instrument for drug design in a situation of scarce ligand information available, but also in the case of underexplored therapeutic targets, as well as to investigate protein allosteric pockets and protein-protein interactions.
The General Correlation Function in the Schwinger Model on a Torus
Creators: name: Azakov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Euclidean path integral approach we derive the exact formula for the general N-point chiral densities correlator in the Schwinger model on a torus
description: 17 pages, misprints corrected, references added
CTLA-4 mediates inhibitory function of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
Creators: name: Gaber, Timo
name: Schönbeck, Kerstin
name: Hoff, Holger
name: Tran, Cam Loan
name: Strehl, Cindy
name: Lang, Annemarie
name: Ohrndorf, Sarah
name: Pfeiffenberger, Moritz
name: Röhner, Eric
name: Matziolis, Georg
name: Burmester, Gerd-R.
name: Buttgereit, Frank
name: Hoff, Paula
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: mesenchymal stem
subject: stromal cells
subject: immune modulation
subject: CTLA-4
subject: hypoxia
subject: fracture healing
subject: regeneration
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are stem cells of the connective tissue, possess a plastic phenotype, and are able to differentiate into various tissues. Besides their role in tissue regeneration, MSCs perform additional functions as a modulator or inhibitor of immune responses. Due to their pleiotropic function, MSCs have also gained therapeutic importance for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and for improving fracture healing and cartilage regeneration. However, the therapeutic/immunomodulatory mode of action of MSCs is largely unknown. Here, we describe that MSCs express the inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4). We show that depending on the environmental conditions, MSCs express different isoforms of CTLA-4 with the secreted isoform (sCTLA-4) being the most abundant under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the immunosuppressive function of MSCs is mediated mainly by the secretion of CTLA-4. These findings open new ways for treatment when tissue regeneration/fracture healing is difficult.
The One Loop Effective Action of QED for a General Class of Electric Fields
Creators: name: Fried, H. M.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effective action of QED at one loop order for an electric field which points in the $\hat{z}$ direction and depends arbitrarily upon the light cone time coordinate, $x^+ = (x^0 + x^3)/\sqrt{2}$. This calculation generalizes Schwinger's formula for the vacuum persistence probability in the presence of a constant electric field.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX 2 epsilon
A New Theory Framework for the Electroweak Radiative Corrections in $K_{l3}$ Decays
Creators: name: Seng, Chien-Yeah
name: Galviz, Daniel
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new theory framework to study the electroweak radiative corrections in $K_{l3}$ decays by combining the classic current algebra approach with the modern effective field theory. Under this framework, the most important $\mathcal{O}(G_Fα)$ radiative corrections are described by a single tensor $T^{μν}$ involving the time-ordered product between the charged weak current and the electromagnetic current, and all remaining pieces are calculable order-by-order in Chiral Perturbation Theory. We further point out a special advantage in the $K_{l3}^{0}$ channel that it suffers the least impact from the poorly-constrained low-energy constants. This finding may serve as a basis for a more precise extraction of the matrix element $V_{us}$ in the future.
description: Version to appear in JHEP
The Effect of Early versus Normal Calf Weaning on Feedlot Performance and Herd Management: A Northern Plains Case Study
Creators: name: Fausti, Scott
name: Landblom, Douglas
name: Johnson, Patricia
name: Beutler, Martin
name: Gates, Roger
name: Salverson, Robin
name: Patterson, Hubert
name: Paisley, Steve
name: Fausti, Scott
name: Landblom, Douglas
name: Johnson, Patricia
name: Beutler, Martin
name: Gates, Roger
name: Salverson, Robin
name: Patterson, Hubert
name: Paisley, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: A two-year study of early vs. normal weaning of steer calves was conducted in the western Dakotas in 2003-04. The analysis concludes that early weaning improves feedlot production efficiency and reduces per-day and per-pound feedlot production costs. However, early weaned steers are lighter at slaughter; therefore, early weaning lowers carcass revenue relative to normal weaning. The early weaning effect on the profitability of retaining calves through the feedlot stage was not statistically significant. However, the analysis indicates that early weaning does have a positive effect on cow health, pasture utilization rates, and that it therefore has the potential to be an effective drought management tool for grazing cattle during periods of inadequate precipitation
The scalar perturbation of the higher-dimensional rotating black holes
Creators: name: Ida, Daisuke
name: Uchida, Yuki
name: Morisawa, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massless scalar field in the higher-dimensional Kerr black hole (Myers- Perry solution with a single rotation axis) has been investigated. It has been shown that the field equation is separable in arbitrary dimensions. The quasi-normal modes of the scalar field have been searched in five dimensions using the continued fraction method. The numerical result shows the evidence for the stability of the scalar perturbation of the five-dimensional Kerr black holes. The time scale of the resonant oscillation in the rapidly rotating black hole, in which case the horizon radius becomes small, is characterized by (black hole mass)^{1/2}(Planck mass)^{-3/2} rather than the light-crossing time of the horizon.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, revised version
Effects of changes in electricity price on electricity demand and resulting effects on manufacturing output
Creators: name: Kwon, Sanguk
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Roberts, Roland Keith
name: Kim, Taeyoung
name: Yu, T. Edward
name: Kwon, Sanguk
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Roberts, Roland Keith
name: Kim, Taeyoung
name: Yu, T. Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Manufacturing electricity demand
subject: Spatial econometrics
subject: Production output
subject: Simultaneous model

description: Many countries are interested in reducing electricity consumption in connection with that the electricity demand has been increasing in recent years. Price control is often used as a method of controlling electricity demand in the short-term. However, even if price control causes to decrease in electricity use, the decrease in electricity demand results in a decrease in economic activity as electricity use plays a role in one of input factors. In this respect, this research analyze how changes in electricity price influence electricity demand, and how subsequent changes in electricity demand change production of manufacturing output, focusing particularly on how these relationships change over space. In this paper, we use the simultaneous equation based on Generalized spatial two-stage least squares model (GS2SLS) to examine the interrelationship among electricity demand, economic output, and electricity price. By assessing these relationships in one modeling framework, we evaluate electricity-price scenarios to help policymakers about electricity price decisions.
Estimating the Consumer Expenditure under COOL
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei
name: Naanwaab, Cephas B.
name: Antwi, Johnson
name: Yeboah, Osei
name: Naanwaab, Cephas B.
name: Antwi, Johnson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: beef
subject: country of origin labeling
subject: linear expenditure model
subject: pork
subject: chicken.

description: Country of Origin Labeling (COOL) is a labeling procedure, passed in the 2008 Farm Bill by the United States Congress requiring all food products to be labeled by their country of origin. According to Brester et al. (2005), COOL will generate an additional cost of 1.24% and 3.41% for US beef and pork consumers, respectively, which will affect their expenditure patterns. This paper seeks to analyze the effect of COOL induced expenditures on US beef and pork products. A system of linear expenditure functions are developed and used to estimate the own price and cross price elasticities as well as the income elasticities. Consumer expenditure (retail quantities and prices) on each product is regressed on per capita GDP and consumer expenditure on a related product such as chicken using quarterly data from 2004 to 2008 to represent pre COOL; and 2009 to 2013 constituting post COOL. The” pre’’ and “post” COOL estimated elasticities are compared. The estimated coefficients were all statistically significant both before and after the implementation of COOL. Generally, consumer expenditure on beef and pork after the implementation of COOL decreased while the consumer expenditure on chicken increased.
Trimaximal TM$_1$ mixing with two modular $S_4$ groups
Creators: name: King, Stephen F.
name: Zhou, Ye-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a minimal flavour model with twin modular symmetries, leading to trimaximal TM$_1$ lepton mixing in which the first column of the tri-bimaximal lepton mixing matrix is preserved. The model involves two modular $S_4$ groups, one acting in the neutrino sector, associated with a modulus field value $τ_{SU}$ with residual $Z^{SU}_2$ symmetry, and one acting in the charged lepton sector, associated with a modulus field value $τ_{T}$ with residual $Z^{T}_3$ symmetry. Apart from the predictions of TM$_1$ mixing, the model leads to a new neutrino mass sum rule which implies lower bounds on neutrino masses close to current limits from neutrinoless double beta decay experiments and cosmology.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, minor improvement, published in PRD
Using numerical methods from nonlocal optics to simulate the dynamics of N-body systems in alternative theories of gravity
Creators: name: Ferreira, Tiago D.
name: Silva, Nuno A.
name: Bertolami, O.
name: Gomes, C.
name: Guerreiro, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Schrödinger-Newton system of equations with both local and nonlocal nonlinearities is widely used to describe light propagating in nonlinear media under the paraxial approximation. However, its use is not limited to optical systems and can be found to describe a plethora of different physical phenomena, for example, dark matter or alternative theories for gravity. Thus, the numerical solvers developed for studying light propagating under this model can be adapted to address these other phenomena. Indeed, in this work we report the development of a solver for the HiLight simulations platform based on GPGPU supercomputing and the required adaptations for this solver to be used to test the impact of new extensions of the Theory of General Relativity in the dynamics of the systems, in particular those based on theories with non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter. This approach in the study of these new models offers a quick way to validate them since their analytical analysis is difficult. The simulation module, its performance, and some preliminary tests are presented in this paper.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
7 Tesla MRI of Balo's concentric sclerosis versus multiple sclerosis lesions
Creators: name: Behrens, Janina R.
name: Wanner, Julia
name: Kuchling, Joseph
name: Ostendorf, Lennard
name: Harms, Lutz
name: Ruprecht, Klemens
name: Niendorf, Thoralf
name: Jarius, Sven
name: Wildemann, Brigitte
name: Giess, René M.
name: Scheel, Michael
name: Bellmann-Strobl, Judith
name: Wuerfel, Jens
name: Paul, Friedemann
name: Sinnecker, Tim
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Baló’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare condition characterized by concentrically layered white matter lesions. While its pathogenesis is unknown, hypoxia-induced tissue injury and chemotactic stimuli have been proposed as potential causes of BCS lesion formation. BCS has been suggested to be a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we aimed to elucidate similarities and differences between BCS and MS by describing lesion morphology and localization in high-resolution 7 Tesla (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Methods: Ten patients with Baló-type lesions underwent 7 T MRI, and 10 relapsing remitting MS patients served as controls. The 7 T MR imaging protocol included 3D T1-weighted (T1w) magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo, 2D high spatial resolution T2*-weighted (T2*w) fast low-angle shot and susceptibility-weighted imaging. Results: Intralesional veins were visible in the center of all but one Baló-type lesion. Four Baló-type lesions displayed inhomogeneous intralesional T2*w signal intensities, which are suggestive of microhemorrhages or small ectatic venules. Eight of 10 BCS patients presented with 97 additional lesions, 36 of which (37%) had a central vein. Lesions involving the cortical gray matter and the U-fibers were not detected in BCS patients. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that BCS and MS share common pathogenetic mechanisms but patients present with different lesion phenotypes.
Itinerant ferromagnetism and intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in amorphous iron-germanium
Creators: name: Bouma, D. S.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Bruni, F.
name: Flatté, M. E.
name: Streubel, R.
name: Wang, L. -W.
name: Wu, R. Q.
name: Hellman, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amorphous iron-germanium system ($a$-Fe$_x$Ge$_{1-x}$) lacks long-range structural order and hence lacks a meaningful Brillouin zone. The magnetization of \aFeGe is well explained by the Stoner model for Fe concentrations $x$ above the onset of magnetic order around $x=0.4$, indicating that the local order of the amorphous structure preserves the spin-split density of states of the Fe-$3d$ states sufficiently to polarize the electronic structure despite $\mathbf{k}$ being a bad quantum number. Measurements reveal an enhanced anomalous Hall resistivity $ρ_{xy}^{\mathrm{AH}}$ relative to crystalline FeGe; this $ρ_{xy}^{\mathrm{AH}}$ is compared to density functional theory calculations of the anomalous Hall conductivity to resolve its underlying mechanisms. The intrinsic mechanism, typically understood as the Berry curvature integrated over occupied $\mathbf{k}$-states but shown here to be equivalent to the density of curvature integrated over occupied energies in aperiodic materials, dominates the anomalous Hall conductivity of $a$-Fe$_x$Ge$_{1-x}$ ($0.38 \leq x \leq 0.61$). The density of curvature is the sum of spin-orbit correlations of local orbital states and can hence be calculated with no reference to $\mathbf{k}$-space. This result and the accompanying Stoner-like model for the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity establish a unified understanding of the underlying physics of the anomalous Hall effect in both crystalline and disordered systems.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Benchmarking the Fertilizer and Crop Protectant Application Activities of Agricultural Cooperatives
Creators: name: Ouedraogo, Frederic
name: Phillip, Kenkel
name: Ouedraogo, Frederic
name: Phillip, Kenkel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: This research aims to benchmark agricultural supply cooperatives regarding their fertilizer application services. Cooperative fertilizer application departments are essentially an extension of member farm operations. Because farm supply cooperatives return profits to their user members, the efficiency of the application department directly impacts farm profitability. Therefore, a benchmark analysis is needed to compare performances among competitive cooperatives, identify the best practices, and inform decision makers of the less competitive cooperatives about actions that need to be taken to improve inefficiencies. Mail surveys were sent to Oklahoma grain and farm supply cooperatives. In addition to the financial data collected for benchmarking purpose, the survey investigated the adoption and availability of variable rate application technology and the educational and training needs of application service technicians.
Shadow epitaxy for in-situ growth of generic semiconductor/superconductor devices
Creators: name: Carrad, Damon J.
name: Bjergfelt, Martin
name: Kanne, Thomas
name: Aagesen, Martin
name: Krizek, Filip
name: Fiordaliso, Elisabetta M.
name: Johnson, Erik
name: Nygård, Jesper
name: Jespersen, Thomas Sand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uniform, defect-free crystal interfaces and surfaces are crucial ingredients for realizing high-performance nanoscale devices. A pertinent example is that advances in gate-tunable and topological superconductivity using semiconductor/superconductor electronic devices are currently built on the hard proximity-induced superconducting gap obtained from epitaxial indium arsenide/aluminium heterostructures. Fabrication of devices requires selective etch processes; these exist only for InAs/Al hybrids, precluding the use of other, potentially superior material combinations. We present a crystal growth platform -- based on three-dimensional structuring of growth substrates -- which enables synthesis of semiconductor nanowire hybrids with in-situ patterned superconductor shells. This platform eliminates the need for etching, thereby enabling full freedom in choice of hybrid constituents. We realise and characterise all the most frequently used architectures in superconducting hybrid devices, finding increased yield and electrostatic stability compared to etched devices, along with evidence of ballistic superconductivity. In addition to aluminium, we present hybrid devices based on tantalum, niobium and vanadium. This is the submitted version of the manuscript. The accepted, peer reviewed version is available from Advanced Materials: http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201908411 Previous title: Shadow lithography for in-situ growth of generic semiconductor/superconductor devices
Why has US sorghum lost the market share in the Japanese market?
Creators: name: Ishida, Kazuyoshi
name: Malaga, Jaime E.
name: Ishida, Kazuyoshi
name: Malaga, Jaime E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Sorghum
subject: International Trade
subject: ITSUR
subject: Demand

description: About 20 years ago, the United States had the largest market share of sorghum in the Japanese market. However, in recent years, Australia’s share of the same market has been constantly growing and has now claimed the top position. A possible explanation suggests that US sorghum lost price competitiveness in the Japanese market. However, the analysis of the ratio of US vs Australian sorghum prices in Japan, shows that there has been little change over the past 20 years. This paper investigates whether prices of Australian sorghum has affected the demand for US sorghum in the Japanese market. If it is not the case, the quality differential between those two grains might be a factor which can explain the decline of US sorghum market share in Japan. A modified Armington model was used for this analysis. This model used an ITSUR (Iterated Seemingly unrelated regression) method to estimate the effects of prices of five grains (US sorghum, Australian sorghum, US corn, sorghum imported from the rest of world) and Japanese farms’ feeding expenditure on the demands of those five grains.
How One Shutter Can Close N Slits
Creators: name: Aharonov, Y.
name: Vaidman, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a quantum shutter, pre- and post-selected in particular quantum states, can close simultaneously arbitrary number of slits preventing the passage of a single photon in an arbitrary state. A set of K pre- and post-selected shutters can close the slits preventing the passage of K or less photons. This result indicates that the surprising properties of pre- and post-selected quantum systems are even more robust than previously expected.
description: 3 pages RevTex4
Admission prevalence of colonization with third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and subsequent infection rates in a German university hospital
Creators: name: Boldt, Anne-Cathérine
name: Schwab, Frank
name: Rohde, Anna M.
name: Kola, Axel
name: Bui, Minh Trang
name: Märtin, Nayana
name: Kipnis, Marina
name: Schröder, Christin
name: Leistner, Rasmus
name: Wiese-Posselt, Miriam
name: Zweigner, Janine
name: Gastmeier, Petra
name: Denkel, Luisa A.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCREB)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Many patients admitted to a hospital are already colonized with multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) including third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCREB). The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of rectal 3GCREB colonization at admission to a large German university hospital and to estimate infection incidences. In addition, risk factors for 3GCREB colonization were identified. Materials/Methods: In 2014 and 2015, patients were screened for rectal colonization with 3GCREB and filled out a questionnaire on potential risk factors at admission to a non-intensive care unit (non-ICU). All patients were retrospectively monitored for bacterial infections. Descriptive, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for 3GCREB colonization at admission. Results: Of 4,013 patients included, 10.3% (n = 415) were rectally colonized with 3GCREB at admission. Incidence of nosocomial infections was 3.5 (95% CI 2.0–6.1) per 100 patients rectally colonized with 3GCREB compared to 2.3 (95% CI 1.8–3.0, P = 0.213) per 100 3GCREB negative patients. Independent risk factors for 3GCREB colonization were prior colonization / infection with MDRO (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.59–3.32), prior antimicrobial treatment (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.59– 2.45), male sex (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.70), prior travelling outside Europe (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.77–3.22) and places of residence in the Berlin districts Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.06–2.18), Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.44–3.74) and Mitte (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.26–2.36). Conclusions: Admission prevalence of rectal colonization with 3GCREB was high, while infection incidence did not significantly differ between patients rectally colonized or not with 3GCREB at hospital admission. In consequence, hospitals should prioritize improvement of standard precautions including hand hygiene to prevent infections among all patients irrespective of their 3GCREB status at hospital admission.
Additional file 1 of Extracellular microRNAs: key players to explore the outcomes of in vitro fertilization
Creators: name: Khan, Haroon Latif
name: Bhatti, Shahzad
name: Abbas, Sana
name: Kaloglu, Celal
name: Isa, Ahmed M.
name: Hooria Younas
name: Ziders, Rachel
name: Yousaf Latif Khan
name: Zahira Hassan
name: Bilgün Oztürk Turhan
name: Aysegul Yildiz
name: Aydin, Hikmet Hakan
name: Kalyan, Ender Yalcinkaya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. Fold change in the FF miRNAs at oocyte retravel day between women with normo-androgenic PCOS (n = 110) versus NOR women (n = 145). Table S2. Univariate analysis exhibiting association of specific FF miRNAs with blastocyst formation and pregnancy outcome.
Additional file 2 of Epithelial apical glycosylation changes associated with thin endometrium in women with infertility - a pilot observational study
Creators: name: Ziganshina, Marina M.
name: Dolgushina, Nataliya V.
name: Kulikova, Galina V.
name: Fayzullina, Nafisa M.
name: Yarotskaya, Ekaterina L.
name: Khasbiullina, Nailia R.
name: Abdurakhmanova, Nigora F.
name: Asaturova, Aleksandra V.
name: Shchegolev, Alexander I.
name: Dovgan, Alina A.
name: Sukhikh, Gennady T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Glycoconjugates contents on the apical surface of the luminal and glandular epithelial cells in patients with “thin” endometrium (group 1) and patients with normal endometrium (group 2).
The Mystery of the Ramsey Fringe that Didn't Chirp
Creators: name: Harber, D. M.
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
name: McGuirk, J. M.
name: Cornell, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use precision microwave spectroscopy of magnetically trapped, ultra-cold 87Rb to characterize intra- and inter-state density correlations. The cold collision shifts for both normal and condensed clouds are measured. The results verify the presence of the sometimes controversial "factors of two", in normal-cloud mean-field energies, both within a particular state and between two distinct spin species. One might expect that as two spin species decohere, the inter-state factor of two would revert to unity, but the associated frequency chirp one naively expects from such a trend is not observed in our data.
description: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP 2002)
A combined on-the-fly/interpolation procedure for evaluating energy values needed in molecular simulations
Creators: name: Karandashev, Konstantin
name: Vanicek, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an algorithm for molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations that uses an interpolation procedure to estimate potential energy values from energies and gradients evaluated previously at points of a simplicial mesh. We chose an interpolation procedure which is exact for harmonic systems and considered two possible mesh types: Delaunay triangulation and an alternative anisotropic triangulation designed to improve performance in anharmonic systems. The mesh is generated and updated on the fly during the simulation. The procedure is tested on two-dimensional quartic oscillators and on the path integral Monte Carlo evaluation of HCN/DCN equilibrium isotope effect.
Finite Noncommutative Chern-Simons with a Wilson Line and the Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Morariu, Bogdan
name: Polychronakos, Alexios P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a finite dimensional matrix model associated to the noncommutative Chern-Simons theory, obtained by inserting a Wilson line. For a specific choice of the representation of the Wilson line the model is equivalent to the minimal modification of the matrix model which is compatible with finite dimensional matrices, and was introduced previously to study droplets of quantum Hall fluid. For other representations we obtain generalizations corresponding to regularized U(n) Chern-Simons theoris, representing multilayered quantum Hall fluids.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, no figures, references added
The Economic Value of Wetlands as Storm Buffers
Creators: name: Boutwell, Luke
name: Westra, John
name: Boutwell, Luke
name: Westra, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: wetlands
subject: hurricanes
subject: economic damage
subject: resilience

description: Communities along the US coast are highly vulnerable to coastal storms. Trends in population growth, climatic events and land use are likely to exacerbate future damages. Coastal management entities are faced with decisions about how to manage resources in a manner that improves environmental quality and provides the maximum benefit for coastal populations. This is particularly true along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, where coastal storms are common, land loss is rapid and billions of dollars are allotted for coastal restoration projects. Many of these projects are intended to mitigate hurricane damages by using wetlands as storm buffers. The physical science literature shows that wetlands do provide situational protection from storm surge. However, little economic analysis has explored the effect of wetlands on economic losses. This analysis uses hurricane simulation data to estimate county- or parish-level damages based on observed damages from coastal storms making landfall in Louisiana from 1995-2008. A model describing these damages as a function of wetland area, socio-economic conditions and storm intensity allows the estimation of the value of wetlands for their protective ecosystem services under various contexts and future scenarios. Potential sources of error are discussed and examples are analyzed. The implications of these finding are significant for coastal restoration decisions in a changing environment.
Potential Distortionary Effects of Relocating Generic Base Acres
Creators: name: Kropp, Jaclyn
name: Kropp, Jaclyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: generic base
subject: production distortions
subject: Price Loss Coverage
subject: Agricultural Risk Coverage
subject: agricultural support

description: The Agricultural Act of 2014 brings significant changes to U.S. farm policy, eliminating Countercyclical (CC), Fixed Direct, and Average Crop Revenue Election (ACRE) programs, and introducing new Price Loss Coverage (PLC) and Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) programs, which provide payments calculated using historic (base) acreage. These payments support field crops, excluding cotton. As a result, producers with base acres associated with cotton production will be allowed to relocate these “generic base” acres annually and receive support for whatever supported crop they plant on these generic base acres. Thus, profit maximizing producers with generic base may stop planting cotton and instead plant crops supported by PLC and ARC programs. Using USDA data, this paper investigates the potential distortions associated with the reallocation of generic base acres as farmers “plant for the program.”
FLRW Universes from "Wave-Like" Cosmologies in 5D
Creators: name: de Leon, J. Ponce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the evolution of a 4D-universe embedded in a five-dimensional (bulk) world with a large extra dimension and a cosmological constant. The cosmology in 5D possesses "wave-like" character in the sense that the metric coefficients in the bulk are functions of the extra coordinate and time in a way similar to a pulse or traveling wave propagating along the fifth dimension. This assumption is motivated by some recent work presenting the big-bang as a higher dimensional shock wave. We show that this assumption, together with an equation of state for the effective matter quantities in 4D, allows Einstein's equations to be fully integrated. We then recover the familiar FLRW universes, on the four-dimensional hypersurfaces orthogonal to the extra dimension. Regarding the extra dimension we find that it is {\em growing} in size if the universe is speeding up its expansion. We also get an estimate for the relative change of the extra dimension over time. This estimate could have important observational implications, notably for the time variation of rest mass, electric charge and the gravitational "constant". Our results extend previous ones in the literature.
description: Few comments added, references updated. To appear in Int. J. of Mod. Phys. D
Statistical analysis and stochastic interest rate modelling for valuing the future with implications in climate change mitigation
Creators: name: Perelló, Josep
name: Montero, Miquel
name: Masoliver, Jaume
name: Farmer, J. Doyne
name: Geanakoplos, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High future discounting rates favor inaction on present expending while lower rates advise for a more immediate political action. A possible approach to this key issue in global economy is to take historical time series for nominal interest rates and inflation, and to construct then real interest rates and finally obtaining the resulting discount rate according to a specific stochastic model. Extended periods of negative real interest rates, in which inflation dominates over nominal rates, are commonly observed, occurring in many epochs and in all countries. This feature leads us to choose a well-known model in statistical physics, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model, as a basic dynamical tool in which real interest rates randomly fluctuate and can become negative, even if they tend to revert to a positive mean value. By covering 14 countries over hundreds of years we suggest different scenarios and include an error analysis in order to consider the impact of statistical uncertainty in our results. We find that only 4 of the countries have positive long-run discount rates while the other ten countries have negative rates. Even if one rejects the countries where hyperinflation has occurred, our results support the need to consider low discounting rates. The results provided by these fourteen countries significantly increase the priority of confronting global actions such as climate change mitigation. We finally extend the analysis by first allowing for fluctuations of the mean level in the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model and secondly by considering modified versions of the Feller and lognormal models. In both cases, results remain basically unchanged thus demonstrating the robustness of the results presented.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.4068