cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using a mixed-method approach to explore the spatiality of adaptation practices of tomato farmers to climate variability in the Offinso North District, Ghana
Creators: name: Guodaar, Lawrence
name: Beni, Alphonsus
name: Benebere, Patrick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: There is a general scientific consensus that anthropogenic forces are the major cause of global climatic changes. The study explored the spatiality of adaptation strategies of farmers to climate variability in the Offinso North District of Ghana using the mixed method approach. Structured questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were the data collection instruments for a cross-section of 378 tomato farmers in selected study communities in the District. Farmers demonstrated their awareness of climatic changes through some characteristics such temperature rise, unpredictable and reduction in rainfall, incidence of floods, intensity in solar radiation and prolong drought conditions. The study also showed that tomato farmers in the study communities employed both on-farm and off-farm adaptive strategies in response to the effects of climate variability on tomato production. Spatially, mixed cropping, crop diversification, application of agrochemicals, changes in farm location, changes in crop variety, irrigation, migration and diversification to non-farm activities were the adaptation practices of the farmers. Spatially, the on-farm adaptation strategies were uniformly practiced across the study communities unlike the off-farm adaptation practices that slightly varied across space. The regression results showed that location has significant influence on some adaptation practices, especially changes in farm location (p p p p ≤ .005). An enabling environment should be created by the government to enable the youth get access to finance and other subsidized farming logistics (e.g. modern irrigation logistics) to boost their morale in the tomato business.
Signatures of band-like tunnelling in granular nanowires
Creators: name: Fransson, J.
name: Lin, J. -F.
name: Rotkina, L.
name: Bird, J. P.
name: Bennett, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the problem of tunneling through disorderd nanowires, comprised of a random distribution of metallic grains, by means of a many-body model that captures the essential physics of the system. The random configuration of grains gives rise to a smooth band-like set of states, which mediates current flow through the nanowire. Analytical and numerical calculations show the characteristic signature of this unusual band-like transport to be a quadratic variation of the current as a function of the applied voltage (i.e. $I\sim V^2$), a variation that is clearly observed in experimental studies of Pt/C composite nanowires.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. submitted to the Physcal Review B
High-order corrections to inflationary perturbation spectra in quantum gravity
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the inflationary perturbation spectra and the quantity $r+8n_{T}$ to the next-to-next-to-leading log order in quantum gravity with purely virtual particles (which means the theory $R+R^{2}+C^{2}$ with the fakeon prescription/projection for $C^{2}$). The spectra are functions of the inflationary running coupling $α(1/k)$ and satisfy the cosmic renormalization-group flow equations, which determine the tilts and the running coefficients. The tensor fluctuations receive contributions from the spin-2 fakeon $χ_{μν}$ at every order of the expansion in powers of $α\sim 1/115$. The dependence of the scalar spectrum on the $χ_{μν}$ mass $m_{χ}$, on the other hand, starts from the $α^{2}$ corrections, which are handled perturbatively in the ratio $m_{ϕ}/m_{χ}$, where $m_{ϕ}$ is the inflaton mass. The predictions have theoretical errors ranging from $α^{4}\sim 10^{-8}$ to $α^{3}\sim 10^{-6}$. Nontrivial issues concerning the fakeon projection at higher orders are addressed.
description: 28 pages; JCAP
Mechanical Failure of a Small and Confined Solid
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
name: Sengupta, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a commensurate triangular thin solid strip, confined within two hard structureless walls, a stretch along its length introduces a rectangular distortion. Beyond a critical strain the solid fails through nucleation of "smectic"-like bands. We show using computer simulations and simple density functional based arguments, how a solid-smectic transition mediates the failure. Further, we show that the critical strain introducing failure is {\em inversely} proportional to the channel width i.e. thinner strips are stronger!
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Indian Journal of Physics (in press) as a Conference proceeding of CMDAYS-04
Activity and behaviour in spawning sockeye salmon
Creators: name: Lake, Randal Gary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Total energy expenditures and muscle activity have been measured in spawning salmon but behaviour specific energy-use has never been been measured directly. This research used electromyogram (EMG) telemetry, combined with behaviour observations to assess activity levels and estimate relative energy use during spawning in sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka. My main objectives were to: assess the ability of EMG transmitter technology to discriminate between the rate of muscle activity during short duration specific behaviours and general activity, and; use these data to compare the total activity between spawning stages, sex, and year. EMG data were converted to rate of tail beats and, using synchronized clocks, were matched with specific spawning ground behaviours. Rate of tail beats, behaviour duration, and behaviour frequency were multiplied to estimate the total tail beats for the mean duration of male and female fish on the spawning grounds. Sequential reproductive stages were observed in the spawning stream. Males and females were given a 'status' designation corresponding to their reproductive stage. Behaviour specific analysis of total tail beats for each behaviour revealed that males and females of different reproductive status had different mean total tail beats for some behaviours. Total tail beats for males and females in two consecutive years revealed that females utilized more tail beats in one year and equal tail beats to the males in the other year. Total tail beats were strongly associated with duration of each fish in the spawning stream. This along with other observations suggests that the majority of energy expended on the spawning ground was due to non-specific general behaviours such as "holding position" (eg. behaviours not involved in act of spawning or defense/competition for spawning areas). EMG technology appears to be a highly effective tool for studying spawning ground activities in salmon.
Some Aspects of Climatic Variability - With Special Reference to Rainfall in New South Wales
Creators: name: Williams, J.R.
name: Williams, J.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This Department recently received a terse inquiry from a correspondent asking whether rainfall in New South Wales is declining and requesting data indicating average precipitation over periods of ten years. The question whether rainfall is declining, increasing or shows no variation is more than an academic one in a country such as Australia, where average precipitation over large areas is all too low and where agricultural and pastoral activities measure large in its economy. It should be of particular interest to those concerned with future policy not only of agriculture but of such kindred national undertakings as water and soil conservation and afforestation. But the subject is of considerable general interest, and the following is an examination of rainfall variability insofar as the comparatively meagre data available will allow.
Positive univariate trace polynomials
Creators: name: Klep, Igor
name: Pascoe, James Eldred
name: Volčič, Jurij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A univariate trace polynomial is a polynomial in a variable x and formal trace symbols Tr(x^j). Such an expression can be naturally evaluated on matrices, where the trace symbols are evaluated as normalized traces. This paper addresses global and constrained positivity of univariate trace polynomials on symmetric matrices of all finite sizes. A tracial analog of Artin's solution to Hilbert's 17th problem is given: a positive semidefinite univariate trace polynomial is a quotient of sums of products of squares and traces of squares of trace polynomials.
On the Integrability and Chaos of an N=2 Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs Mechanical Model
Creators: name: de Assis, L. P. G.
name: Helayel-Neto, J. A.
name: Haas, F.
name: Nogueira, A. L. M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply different integrability analysis procedures to a reduced (spatially homogeneous) mechanical system derived from an off-shell non-minimally coupled N=2 Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs model that presents BPS topological vortex excitations, numerically obtained with an ansatz adopted in a special - critical coupling - parametric regime. As a counterpart of the regularity associated to the static soliton-like solution, we investigate the possibility of chaotic dynamics in the evolution of the spatially homogeneous reduced system, descendant from the full N=2 model under consideration. The originally rich content of symmetries and interactions, N=2 susy and non-minimal coupling, singles out the proposed model as an interesting framework for the investigation of the role played by (super-)symmetries and parametric domains in the triggering/control of chaotic behavior in gauge systems. After writing down effective Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions, and establishing the corresponding canonical Hamilton equations, we apply global integrability Noether point symmetries and Painleveproperty criteria to both the general and the critical coupling regimes. As a non-integrable character is detected by the pair of analytical criteria applied, we perform suitable numerical simulations, as we seek for chaotic patterns in the system evolution. Finally, we present some Comments on the results and perspectives for further investigations and forthcoming communications.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Computational aspects and applications of a new transform for solving the complex exponentials approximation problem
Creators: name: Barone, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62M15, 30Exx

description: Many real life problems can be reduced to the solution of a complex exponentials approximation problem which is usually ill posed. Recently a new transform for solving this problem, formulated as a specific moments problem in the plane, has been proposed in a theoretical framework. In this work some computational issues are addressed to make this new tool useful in practice. An algorithm is developed and used to solve a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectrometry problem, two time series interpolation and extrapolation problems and a shape from moments problem.
description: 28 pages, 20 figures
Uniform Forward-Modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. I. Methodology and Benchmarking
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhoujian
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Best, William M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a forward-modeling framework using the Bayesian inference tool Starfish and cloudless Sonora-Bobcat model atmospheres to analyze low-resolution ($R\approx80-250$) near-infrared ($1.0-2.5$ $μ$m) spectra of T dwarfs. Our approach infers effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, radii, and masses, and by accounting for uncertainties from model interpolation and correlated residuals due to instrumental effects and modeling systematics, produces more realistic parameter posteriors than traditional ($χ^2$-based) spectral-fitting analyses. We validate our framework by fitting the model atmospheres themselves and finding negligible offsets between derived and input parameters. We apply our methodology to three well-known benchmark late-T dwarfs, HD 3651B, GJ 570D, and Ross 458C, using both solar and non-solar metallicity atmospheric models. We also derive these benchmarks' physical properties using their bolometric luminosities, their primary stars' ages and metallicities, and Sonora-Bobcat evolutionary models. Assuming the evolutionary-based parameters are more robust, we find our atmospheric-based, forward-modeling analysis produces two outcomes. For HD 3615B and GJ 570D, spectral fits provide accurate $T_{\rm eff}$ and $R$ but underestimated $\log{g}$ (by $\approx1.2$ dex) and $Z$ (by $\approx0.35$ dex), likely due to the systematics from modeling the potassium line profiles. For Ross 458C, spectral fits provide accurate $\log{g}$ and $Z$ but overestimated $T_{\rm eff}$ (by $\approx120$ K) and underestimated $R$ (by $\approx1.6\times$), likely because our model atmospheres lack clouds, reduced vertical temperature gradients, or disequilibrium processes. Finally, the spectroscopically inferred masses of these benchmarks are all considerably underestimated.
description: Accepted by ApJ. Minor updates since v1: (1) calculation of (very small) effect by different photometric calibrations (Sec 4.1.6), (2) expanded literature review about possible systematics in evolutionary models (Sec 6), (3) examination of the (very small) difference between Sonora vs ATMO models for luminosity calculations (footnote 10), (4) slight revision to calculation plotted in Figure 2
An Exact Solution of 4D Higher-Spin Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Sezgin, E.
name: Sundell, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a one-parameter family of exact solutions to four-dimensional higher-spin gauge theory invariant under a deformed higher-spin extension of SO(3,1) and parameterized by a zero-form invariant. All higher-spin gauge fields vanish, while the metric interpolates between two asymptotically AdS4 regions via a dS3-foliated domainwall and two H3-foliated Robertson-Walker spacetimes -- one in the future and one in the past -- with the scalar field playing the role of foliation parameter. All Weyl tensors vanish, including that of spin two. We furthermore discuss methods for constructing solutions, including deformation of solutions to pure AdS gravity, the gauge-function approach, the perturbative treatment of (pseudo-)singular initial data describing isometric or otherwise projected solutions, and zero-form invariants.
description: 47 pages. v3: global properties of the solution clarified, minor corrections made, discussion and refs revised
Integrable flows and Backlund transformations on extended Stiefel varieties with application to the Euler top on the Lie group SO(3)
Creators: name: Fedorov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the $m$-dimensional Euler--Manakov top on $so^*(m)$ can be represented as a Poisson reduction of an integrable Hamiltonian system on a symplectic extended Stiefel variety $\bar{\cal V}(k,m)$, and present its Lax representation with a rational parameter. We also describe an integrable two-valued symplectic map $\cal B$ on the 4-dimensional variety ${\cal V}(2,3)$. The map admits two different reductions, namely, to the Lie group SO(3) and to the coalgebra $so^*(3)$. The first reduction provides a discretization of the motion of the classical Euler top in space and has a transparent geometric interpretation, which can be regarded as a discrete version of the celebrated Poinsot model of motion and which inherits some properties of another discrete system, the elliptic billiard. The reduction of $\cal B$ to $so^*(3)$ gives a new explicit discretization of the Euler top in the angular momentum space, which preserves first integrals of the continuous system.
description: 18 pages, 1 Figure
Functional health literacy in a group of Turkish patients: A pilot study
Creators: name: Bilgel, Nazan
name: Pinar Sarkut
name: Bilgel, Halil
name: Ozcakir, Alis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: There is currently no objective original measure developed in the Turkish language for evaluating health literacy. However, some instruments originally developed in Western countries and translated into Turkish do exist. Aims: The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Test of Functional Health Literacy (TOFHLA) into the Turkish language and validate it among a group of Turkish patients. Methods: Interviews were held in an outpatient clinic. Illiterate patients, those with previously diagnosed mental illness and inadequate visual acuity were excluded. Results: Internal consistencies of the reading comprehension and numeracy items were 0.89 and 0.77, respectively. Inadequate health literacy was determined in 28.0% of participants, marginal in 30.0%, and adequate in 42.0%. Among the possible socio-demographic predictors of health literacy, the most significant predictor was the educational level. Participants with lower levels of education had significantly lower levels of health literacy. In general, reading comprehension scores were lower than the numeracy scores. The most disadvantaged groups were women and older people (≥40 years of age) because of their lower levels of education. Discussion: The TOFHLA in the Turkish language seems to be a valid measure. Functional health literacy was found to be inadequate or marginal. Without enhancing the overall educational level, especially of women, efforts to improve health literacy seem to be ineffective. Conclusions: Functional health literacy is related to education. Non-written visual materials should be considered as a temporary solution to improve health literacy in populations with low literacy.
Thermodynamic Instability of $\mathrm{3D}$ Einstein-Born-Infeld AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: Jing, Hongmei
name: Mu, Benrong
name: Tao, Jun
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-entropic black holes possess finite-area but noncompact event horizons and violate the reverse isoperimetric inequality. It has been conjectured that such black holes always have negative specific heat at constant volume $C_{V}$ or negative specific heat at constant pressure $C_{P}$ whenever $C_{V}>0$, making them unstable in extended thermodynamics. In this paper, we test this instability conjecture on a family of nonlinear electrodynamics black holes, namely $3$D Einstein-Born-Infeld (EBI) AdS black holes. Our results show that when nonlinear electrodynamics effects are weak, the instability conjecture is valid. However, the conjecture can be violated in some parameter region when nonlinear electrodynamics effects are strong enough. This observation thus provides a counter example to the instability conjecture, which suggests that super-entropic black holes could be thermodynamically stable.
description: 8 figures
Did NANOGrav see a signal from primordial black hole formation?
Creators: name: Vaskonen, Ville
name: Veermäe, Hardi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recent NANOGrav result can be interpreted as a stochastic gravitational wave signal associated to formation of primordial black holes from high-amplitude curvature perturbations. The indicated amplitude and power of the gravitational wave spectrum agrees well with formation of primordial seeds for supermassive black holes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Minor corrections, results unchanged
Reading housing satisfaction parameters over housing mobility in the redevelopment process: Sarigol, Istanbul, Turkey
Creators: name: Ilkim Markoc
name: Cinar, Candan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: In urban transformation processes, three different types of housing mobility can be observed. For those mobility types, distinct satisfaction parameters come into question. The scope of this research is, to define these satisfaction parameters for different mobility groups. Sarigol, a housing redevelopment site in Gaziosmanpasa, Istanbul, which mainly consists of Roman inhabitants, was chosen as a case study for this research. The site is very suitable for the case study because of its social, economic and geographical dynamics. Housing mobility decisions, which are seen during the redevelopment process, can be classified as the determinants in terms of grouping the users in the site through in-depth interviews. In the study, user groups were conceptualized as: stabiles, departers and new comers. The intense housing mobility occurred during the redevelopment process brought along a change in the population structure as experienced in the fieldwork. Such that, residents who have similar cultural, social and economic backgrounds left the site and people who have distinctive social values settled in their place. People from various cultural, economic and social backgrounds were forced to live within the same social environment. Moreover, the change created various physical, social and economic problems in the site. Those problems created dissatisfaction for different user groups in different contexts. While the inhabitants were psychologically and economically affected during the redevelopment process; changes in the quality of users’ lives were observed. As a conclusion, different satisfaction codes emerged for those groups who display distinct housing mobility patterns were presented.
Study of the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication competence among international postgraduate students: A case study at University Malaysia Pahang
Creators: name: Sarwari, Abdul Qahar
name: Wahab, Mohammad Nubli Abdul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This study assessed the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication competence among international postgraduate students at University Malaysia Pahang. The two mentioned concepts are among the key factors that enable people to conduct proper intercultural interactions. The study includes the quantitative and the interview datasets, and the participants of this study were 108 international postgraduate students from 17 different countries. The outcomes from the current study illustrate that intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication competence are the main factors that help individuals to conduct proper and effective intercultural communication with people from different cultures. Based on the results, intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication competence have close relationships and have mutual effects on each other. According to the findings from this study, their good levels of intercultural sensitivity help individuals to initiate intercultural communication and their intercultural communication competence helps them to perform effective interactions. The results from this study may help and encourage researchers and individuals to focus on these two important attributes of intercultural communication.
The Market for Australian Pigmeats
Creators: name: McMillan, R.B.
name: McMillan, R.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Before the war the main market for Australia's pigmeat production was the home market; the export market was relatively small and of relatively recent growth. The war itself brought a number of changes. Not only were increased quantities of certain types of pigmeat required for the Services and for export to Britain, but it became necessary to introduce a fair degree of control over the industry to meet these requirements. There were also changes in production methods, grain-feeding receiving a new emphasis, though recently feed and materials shortages in all States have had a retarding influence. The time is thus ripe to ask what the future holds for the pig industry, and whether changed market conditions will mean that the war-time changes will be permanent. The answers to these questions are especially important to New South Wales, because of the leading position which this State occupies in pig-meat production.
Dynamical baryon resonances from chiral unitarity
Creators: name: Ramos, A.
name: Bennhold, C.
name: Hosaka, A.
name: Hyodo, T.
name: Jido, D.
name: Meissner, U. G.
name: Oller, J. A.
name: Oset, E.
name: Vicente-Vacas, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the latests developments in the field of baryonic resonances generated from the meson-baryon interaction in coupled channels using a chiral unitary approach. The collection of resonances found in different strangeness and isospin sectors can be classified into SU(3) multiplets. The Lambda(1405) emerges as containing the effect of two poles of the scattering amplitude and various reactions that might preferentially select one or the other pole are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 7 Postscript figures, uses ws-procs9x6.cls (included)
Machine learning forecasts of the cosmic distance duality relation with strongly lensed gravitational wave events
Creators: name: Arjona, Rubén
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Nesseris, Savvas
name: Tang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use simulated strongly lensed gravitational wave events from the Einstein Telescope to demonstrate how the luminosity and angular diameter distances, $d_L(z)$ and $d_A(z)$ respectively, can be combined to test in a model independent manner for deviations from the cosmic distance duality relation and the standard cosmological model. In particular, we use two machine learning approaches, the Genetic Algorithms and Gaussian Processes, to reconstruct the mock data and we show that both approaches are capable of correctly recovering the underlying fiducial model and can provide percent-level constraints at intermediate redshifts when applied to future Einstein Telescope data.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, changes match published version
Dynamical spin susceptibility and the resonance peak in the pseudogap region of the underdoped cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Ismer, J. -P.
name: Eremin, I.
name: Morr, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the dynamical spin susceptibility in the pseudogap region of the high-T$_c$ cuprate superconductors. We analyze and compare the formation of the so-called resonance peak, in three different ordered states: the $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave superconducting (DSC) phase, the $d$-density wave (DDW) state, and a phase with coexisting DDW and DSC order. An analysis of the resonance's frequency and momentum dependence in all three states reveals significant differences between them. In particular, in the DDW state, we find that a nearly dispersionless resonance excitation exists only in a narrow region around ${\bf Q}=(π,π)$. At the same time, in the coexisting DDW and DSC state, the dispersion of the resonance peak near ${\bf Q}$ is significantly changed from that in the pure DSC state. Away from $(π,π)$, however, we find that the form and dispersion of the resonance excitation in the coexisting DDW and DSC state and pure DSC state are quite similar. Our results demonstrate that a detailed experimental measurement of the resonance's dispersion allows one to distinguish between the underlying phases - a DDW state, a DSC state, or a coexisting DDW and DSC state - in which the resonance peak emerges.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
The impact of mass-transfer physics on the observable properties of field binary black hole populations
Creators: name: Bavera, Simone S.
name: Fragos, Tassos
name: Zevin, Michael
name: Berry, Christopher P. L.
name: Marchant, Pablo
name: Andrews, Jeff J.
name: Coughlin, Scott
name: Dotter, Aaron
name: Kovlakas, Konstantinos
name: Misra, Devina
name: Serra-Perez, Juan G.
name: Qin, Ying
name: Rocha, Kyle A.
name: Román-Garza, Jaime
name: Tran, Nam H.
name: Zapartas, Emmanouil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of mass-transfer physics on the observable properties of binary black hole populations formed through isolated binary evolution. We investigate the impact of mass-accretion efficiency onto compact objects and common-envelope efficiency on the observed distributions of $χ_{eff}$, $M_{chirp}$ and $q$. We find that low common envelope efficiency translates to tighter orbits post common envelope and therefore more tidally spun up second-born black holes. However, these systems have short merger timescales and are only marginally detectable by current gravitational-waves detectors as they form and merge at high redshifts ($z\sim 2$), outside current detector horizons. Assuming Eddington-limited accretion efficiency and that the first-born black hole is formed with a negligible spin, we find that all non-zero $χ_{eff}$ systems in the detectable population can come only from the common envelope channel as the stable mass-transfer channel cannot shrink the orbits enough for efficient tidal spin-up to take place. We find the local rate density ($z\simeq 0.01$) for the common envelope channel is in the range $\sim 17-113~Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1}$ considering a range of $α_{CE} \in [0.2,5.0]$ while for the stable mass transfer channel the rate density is $\sim 25~Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1}$. The latter drops by two orders of magnitude if the mass accretion onto the black hole is not Eddington limited because conservative mass transfer does not shrink the orbit as efficiently as non-conservative mass transfer does. Finally, using GWTC-2 events, we constrain the lower bound of branching fraction from other formation channels in the detected population to be $\sim 0.2$. Assuming all remaining events to be formed through either stable mass transfer or common envelope channels, we find moderate to strong evidence in favour of models with inefficient common envelopes.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Reading Housing Satisfaction Parameters over Housing Mobility in the Redevelopment Process: Sarigol, Istanbul, Turkey
Creators: name: Ilkim Markoc
name: Cinar, Candan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The parameters of housing satisfaction are multidimensional and cover a range of disciplines. According to numerous studies, the level of satisfaction in urban development projects is influenced by a wide range of factors. The scope of this research is to define the parameters of this satisfaction for different mobility groups from the perception of residents living in the urban redevelopment site. Sarigol, a housing redevelopment project in Istanbul predominantly occupied by Roma inhabitants, was chosen for a case study and qualitative research was conducted on its residents. In the scope of this research, the housing mobility decisions made during the redevelopment process are classified as determinants and the occupants of the site are grouped in accordance with information gathered from in-depth interviews. In the study, user groups were conceptualized as stabiles, departers and newcomers. Conclusively, the varying codes of satisfaction which emerged for these groups and the distinct housing mobility patterns that were displayed are presented in the article. In addition, proposals for solutions to meet the satisfaction codes for different groups were also presented.
Geometric lifting of the integrable cellular automata with periodic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Takagi, Taichiro
name: Yoshikawa, Takuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by G. Frieden's recent work on the geometric R-matrix for affine type A crystal associated with rectangular shaped Young tableaux, we propose a method to construct a novel family of discrete integrable systems which can be regarded as a geometric lifting of the generalized periodic box-ball systems. By converting the conventional usage of the matrices for defining the Lax representation of the discrete periodic Toda chain, together with a clever use of the Perron-Frobenious theorem, we give a definition of our systems. It is carried out on the space of real positive dependent variables, without regarding them to be written by subtraction-free rational functions of independent variables but nevertheless with the conserved quantities which can be tropicalized. We prove that, in this setup an equation of an analogue of the `carrier' of the box-ball system for assuring its periodic boundary condition always has a unique solution. As a result, any states in our systems admit a commuting family of time evolutions associated with any rectangular shaped tableaux, in contrast to the case of corresponding generalized periodic box-ball systems where some states did not admit some of such time evolutions.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures. v2: added 2 references
Axion interpretation of the PVLAS data?
Creators: name: Ringwald, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PVLAS collaboration has recently reported the observation of a rotation of the polarization plane of light propagating through a transverse static magnetic field. Such an effect can arise from the production of a light, m_A ~ meV, pseudoscalar coupled to two photons with coupling strength g_{Aγ} ~ 5x10^{-6} GeV^{-1}. Here, we review these experimental findings, discuss how astrophysical and helioscope bounds on this coupling can be evaded, and emphasize some experimental proposals to test the scenario.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, jpconf.cls, talk presented at the ninth International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, TAUP 2005, Zaragoza, Spain, September 10-14, 2005
DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL LITERACY: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY AMONG YOUNG STUDENTS IN FERGANA, UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Khakimov Dilshod Rakhmonalievich Ferghana State University, Uzbekistan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article aims to identify the determinants of financial literacy among young students in Fergana, Uzbekistan. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected through a survey questionnaire distributed among a sample of young students.

Key words. Financial literacy, effective educational programs, financial outcomes, educational background, personal finance experience
Current--phase relation in a topological Josephson junction: Andreev bands vs. scattering states
Creators: name: Backens, Stefan
name: Shnirman, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a long topological Josephson junction formed on a conducting 2D surface of a 3D topological insulator (TI). The superconducting correlations are proximity-induced by s-wave superconductors covering the surface. The 1D spacing between the coverings is either unfilled or filled by a magnetic insulator. Generally, the Josephson current mediated by the TI surface is determined by scattering modes as well as by the states localized around the junction (Andreev bound states or Andreev bands). We find out that it is crucial to take into account both contributions to determine the current--phase relation of the topological Josephson junction. We analyze the dependence of the Josephson current on the thickness of the junction as well as the deviations from the sinusoidal shape of the current--phase relation.
description: 15+epsilon pages, 10 figures; v3: added finite-temperature results, extended discussion, minor corrections
Direct test of defect mediated laser induced melting theory for two dimensional solids
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
name: Sengupta, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate by direct numerical solution of appropriate renormalization flow equations, the validity of a recent dislocation unbinding theory for laser induced freezing/melting in two dimensions. The bare elastic moduli and dislocation fugacities which are inputs to the flow equations are obtained for three different 2-d systems (hard disk, inverse $12^{th}$ power and the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek potentials) from a restricted Monte Carlo simulation sampling only configurations {\em without} dislocations. We conclude that (a) the flow equations need to be correct at least up to third order in defect fugacity to reproduce meaningful results, (b) there is excellent quantitative agreement between our results and earlier conventional Monte Carlo simulations for the hard disk system and (c) while the qualitative form of the phase diagram is reproduced for systems with soft potentials there is some quantitative discrepancy which we explain.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
On the History of the Development of the Nonholonomic Dynamics
Creators: name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Mamaev, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main directions in the development of the nonholonomic dynamics are briefly considered in this paper. The first direction is connected with the general formalizm of the equations of dynamics that differs from the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian methods of the equations of motion's construction. The second direction, substantially more important for dynamics, includes investigations concerning the analysis of the specific nonholonomic problems. We also point out rather promising direction in development of nonholonomic systems that is connected with intensive use of the modern computer-aided methods.
description: 5 pages
Australia's Fat Lamb Industry
Creators: name: Kingsland, Alison M.
name: Kingsland, Alison M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The fat lamb industry has been gaining increasing importance in Australia during recent years. Expansion of production has been encouraged by favourable prices relative to wool, by the extended application of diversified farming methods and by the preference of our chief customer, the United Kingdom, for lamb rather than mutton. The gradual increase in the proportion of crossbreds to merinos over recent years is an indication of the rising interest being shown in fat lamb raising. The proportion of crossbred wool grown in New South Wales alone increased from 9 per cent. to 17 per cent. of the total clip during the war.
Magnetic coupling in colloidal clusters for hierarchical self-assembly
Creators: name: Donaldson, Joe G
name: Schall, Peter
name: Rossi, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulating the way in which colloidal particles self-organise is a central challenge in the design of functional soft materials. Meeting this challenge requires the use of building blocks that interact with one another in a highly specific manner. Their fabrication, however, is limited by the complexity of the available synthesis procedures. Here, we demonstrate that, starting from experimentally available magnetic colloids, we can create a variety of complex building blocks suitable for hierarchical self-organisation using a simple scalable process. Using computer simulations, we compress spherical and cubic magnetic colloids in spherical confinement, and investigate their suitability to form small clusters with reproducible structural and magnetic properties. We find that, while the structure of these clusters is highly reproducible, their magnetic character depends on the particle shape. Only spherical particles have the rotational degrees of freedom to produce consistent magnetic configurations, whereas cubic particles frustrate the minimisation of the cluster energy, resulting in various magnetic configurations. To highlight their potential for self-assembly, we demonstrate that already clusters of three magnetic particles form highly nontrivial Archimedean lattices, namely staggered kagome, bounce and honeycomb, when viewing different aspects of the same monolayer structure. The work presented here offers a conceptually different way to design materials by utilizing pre-assembled magnetic building blocks that can readily self-organise into complex structures.
description: Main text: 13 pages, 6 figures. SI:14 pages, 11 figures
Non-Agricultural Rural Activities
Creators: name: Haydar, Firas
name: Haydar, Firas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Pilot exercise in the selected areas of Syria (two pilot study areas) Study Objective: Assess the relevance of Non-agricultural Activities in Rural Areas (NARA) for agricultural and rural development and their contribution to policy relevant issues (such as the rural households' income, the resilience of rural households to exogenous and endogenous shocks, and the reduction of migration flows). NARA Methodology (a territorial asset-based approach) Rural house-holds (HH) resource endowment within a given context determining the opportunity set of options for livelihood strategies (behaviors), which in turn determine HH well-being outcome. Major Findings of the Study NARA characteristics and relevance * NARAs are heterogeneous (various types, sectors, sizes). * Linkages (backward and forward) to agriculture were important (supply chains analysis). * NARAs play an effective role in employment creation in rural areas. * They have a crucial role in the emergence of small and intermediate urban centres (in rural areas). NARA effects on rural HHs Income generation * Income from NARA sources is larger than that from (Agricultural Rural Activities) ARA; * Waged employment constitutes the major portion of NARA sources of income (government, commerce, construction); * On-farm originated income represents most of agricultural income. NARA effects on income distribution among Rural HH (Y decomposition analysis) * Agricultural rural activities sources of income tend to reduce income distribution inequality; *NARA sources of income tend to increase income distribution inequality; * Poor and Non-Poor Rural HH don't benefit equally from NARA (push & pull dynamics).
Proton-proton fusion in pionless effective theory
Creators: name: Ando, S.
name: Shin, J. W.
name: Hyun, C. H.
name: Hong, S. W.
name: Kubodera, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton-proton fusion reaction, $pp\to de^+ν$, is studied in pionless effective field theory (EFT) with di-baryon fields up to next-to leading order. With the aid of the di-baryon fields, the effective range corrections are naturally resummed up to the infinite order and thus the calculation is greatly simplified. Furthermore, the low-energy constant which appears in the axial-current-di-baryon-di-baryon contact vertex is fixed through the ratio of two- and one-body matrix elements which reproduces the tritium lifetime very precisely. As a result we can perform a parameter free calculation for the process. We compare our numerical result with those from the accurate potential model and previous pionless EFT calculations, and find a good agreement within the accuracy better than 1%.
description: 14 pages, 5 eps figures
Moltmann-Wendel, Elisabeth: Freiheit, Gleichheit, Schwesterlichkeit
Creators: name: Kahl, Susanne
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 1