cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron cooling in diffusive normal metal - superconductor tunnel junctions with a spin-valve ferromagnetic interlayer
Creators: name: Ozaeta, A.
name: Vasenko, A. S.
name: Hekking, F. W. J.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate heat and charge transport through a diffusive SIF1F2N tunnel junction, where N (S) is a normal (superconducting) electrode, I is an insulator layer and F1,2 are two ferromagnets with arbitrary direction of magnetization. The flow of an electric current in such structures at subgap bias is accompanied by a heat transfer from the normal metal into the superconductor, which enables refrigeration of electrons in the normal metal. We demonstrate that the refrigeration efficiency depends on the strength of the ferromagnetic exchange field h and the angle α between the magnetizations of the two F layers. As expected, for values of h much larger than the superconducting order parameter Δ, the proximity effect is suppressed and the efficiency of refrigeration increases with respect to a NIS junction. However, for h \sim Δthe cooling power (i.e. the heat flow out of the normal metal reservoir) has a non-monotonic behavior as a function of h showing a minimum at h \approx Δ. We also determine the dependence of the cooling power on the lengths of the ferromagnetic layers, the bias voltage, the temperature, the transmission of the tunneling barrier and the magnetization misalignment angle α.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
title: Workshop: „Aktuelle Entwicklungen und Perspektiven (an Hochschulen) im Bereich Data Science“
Creators: name: Steinmann, Lena
name: Nowotka, Dirk
name: Oberländer, Lea
name: Pfuhl, Helen
name: Stuckenschmidt, Heiner
name: Drechsler, Rolf
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Science
subject: Forschungsdatenmanagement
subject: Data Literacy
subject: Hochschulen

description: In einer zunehmend von Daten geprägten Welt spielt Data Science eine zentrale Rolle, um insbesondere auch hochdimensionale Daten effektiv zu nutzen und daraus wertvolles Wissen zu generieren. Auch das Hochschulsystem hat auf diese Entwicklung reagiert und in den letzten Jahren wurden verschiedene Forschungsstrukturen, wie zum Beispiel Data Science Center, Beratungsstellen, neue Studiengänge sowie Aus- und Weiterbildungsangebote aufgebaut. Der Workshop fördert einen interdisziplinären und standortübergreifenden Austausch zwischen Vertreter:innen verschiedener Data-Science-Initiativen und legt so die Grundlage für eine zukünftige überregionale Zusammenarbeit. Durch den Austausch rund um innovative Ansätze, bewährte Praktiken und Erfahrungen werden Synergien geschaffen und die Weiterentwicklung des Feldes vorangetrieben. Dabei stehen die Herausforderungen und Chancen der datenintensiven Forschung im Fokus der Diskussionen. Der Workshop bietet eine Plattform, um den Dialog zu fördern, Netzwerke zu stärken und Kompetenzen auf nationaler Ebene zu bündeln.
Confronting the relaxation mechanism for a large cosmological constant with observations
Creators: name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Bauer, Florian
name: Sola, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to deal with a large cosmological constant a relaxation mechanism based on modified gravity has been proposed recently. By virtue of this mechanism the effect of the vacuum energy density of a given quantum field/string theory (no matter how big is its initial value in the early universe) can be neutralized dynamically, i.e. without fine tuning, and hence a Big Bang-like evolution of the cosmos becomes possible. Remarkably, a large class F^n_m of models of this kind, namely capable of dynamically adjusting the vacuum energy irrespective of its value and size, has been identified. In this paper, we carefully put them to the experimental test. By performing a joint likelihood analysis we confront these models with the most recent observational data on type Ia supernovae (SNIa), the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and the high redshift data on the expansion rate, so as to determine which ones are the most favored by observations. We compare the optimal relaxation models F^n_m found by this method with the standard or concordance LambdaCDM model, and find that some of these models may appear as almost indistinguishable from it. Interestingly enough, this shows that it is possible to construct viable solutions to the tough cosmological fine tuning problem with models that display the same basic phenomenological features as the concordance model.
description: Version accepted in JCAP: LaTeX, 1+27 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Extended discussion and references added
The impact of livestock grazing and canopy gaps on species pool and functional diversity of ground flora in the Caspian beech forests of Iran
Creators: name: Shakeri, Zahed
name: Simberloff, Daniel
name: Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus
name: Eckstein, Rolf Lutz
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: biodiversity conservation
subject: closed forest
subject: close-to-nature silviculture
subject: forest gaps
subject: forest pastures
subject: functional divergence
subject: functional richness
subject: species diversity
subject: trait attributes
subject: understorey vegetation
subject: 500
subject: 570
subject: Iran
subject: Biodiversität
subject: Erhaltung
subject: Naturschutz
subject: Wald
subject: Forstwirtschaft
subject: Waldweide
subject: Artenreichtum
subject: Unterholz
subject: Weidetiere

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
Turn Toward Climate Safety
Creators: name: Wagner, Gernot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Climatic changes

description: The science is compelling. We are heading in the wrong direction, and we are running out of time. In the critical period from now until 2020 global emissions must start to decline. The sooner we make the turn, the greater the chance that we can avoid the most dangerous consequences. This paper lays out the steps we can take now to achieve the turn toward safety.
title: Cenotaph
title: Cenotaph
Creators: name: Prysor, Glyn
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Großbritannien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegerdenkmal
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Monuments

description: The Cenotaph is a major British war memorial. Standing in Whitehall, London, it was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and first unveiled on 19 July 1919. It provided an immediate focus for public grief following the First World War and has remained central to British commemorative events.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Afroguppya rumrutiensis
Creators: name: Muratov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Euconulidae
Afroguppya
Afroguppya rumrutiensis

description: Afroguppya rumrutiensis (Preston, 1911)
Fig. 47
 Thapsia rumrutiensis: Preston 1911: 466, pl. 11, fig. 9 (NW of Mount Kenya; 1.25× 2.50 mm).
A common East African species with a general distribution from Kenya to the Eastern Cape in South Africa. A few damaged shells were found at one station on Cabo Delgado. Differs from the preceding species by the slightly larger shell with an angulated periphery and an always clearly visible microscopic spiral sculpture.
description: Published as part of Muratov, Igor V., 2010, Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique, pp. 255 in African Invertebrates 51 (2) on page 278, DOI: 10.5733/afin.051.0203, http://zenodo.org/record/10268367
title: KI-basierte Detektion von Feldhamsterbauen auf landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen mittels multi-sensoraler UAS-Daten
Creators: name: Thürkow, F.
name: Lorenz, C.
name: Ramstetter, J.
name: Hoppe, I.
name: Haase, M.
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: UAS
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Objektdetektion
subject: R-CNN
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Feldhamster

description: Der zunehmende Druck auf Landwirtschaftsbetriebe, vitale Feldhamsterpopulationen zu erhalten, steht dem regional variierenden Risiko von Ernteausfällen durch Feldmausfraßschäden gegenüber. Diese Herausforderung ist eng mit den Zielen des Sustainable Development Goals 2 der Vereinten Nationen verknüpft, die Ernährungssicherheit und eine nachhaltige Landwirtschaft anstreben. In dieser Studie wird die Erschließung einer Methode zur automatisierten Detektion von Feldhamsterbauen anhand von Drohnen-basierten RGB- und Thermaldaten untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck werden Faster / Mask R-CNN Objektdetektionsmodelle trainiert. Die Auswertung konzentriert sich auf die Güte dieser, welche anhand unterschiedlicher Flugparameter und einer Feinkartierung validiert werden. Für die RGB-Sensoren Weitwinkel (Brennweite = 4.5 mm) und Zoom (Brennweite = 21-75 mm) kann Faster R-CNN 56 % der Baue erfassen. Mask R-CNN erzielt auf Basis der RGB-Sensoren, sowie des Thermalsensors Trefferquoten von über 80 %. Mit Blick auf die aktuelle und zukünftige Rolle von Naturschutz und Landwirtschaft deuten die Ergebnisse dieser Studie auf einen signifikanten Mehrwert KI-basierter UAS-Ansätze hin.
Effects of Variable Newton Constant During Inflation
Creators: name: Abolhasani, Ali Akbar
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Noorbala, Mahdiyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the effects of time-dependent Newton constant G during inflation are studied. We present the formalism of curvature perturbations in an inflationary system with a time-dependent Newton constant. As an example we consider a toy model in which G undergoes a sudden change during inflation. By imposing the appropriate matching conditions the imprints of this sharp change in G on curvature perturbation power spectrum are studied. We show that if G increases (decreases) during the transition the amplitude of curvature perturbations on large scales decreases (increases). In our model with a sudden change in G a continuous sinusoidal modulations on curvature power spectrum is induced. However, in a realistic scenario in which the change in G has some finite time scale we expect these sinusoidal modulations to be damped on short scales. The generated features may be used to explain the observed glitches on CMB power spectrum. This puts a bound on $ΔG$ during inflation of roughly the same order as current bounds on $ΔG$ during the entire observed age of the universe.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Typos fixed, new references added, conforms with the journal version
Generating Summaries of Multiple News Articles
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Radev, Dragomir R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We present a natural language system which summarizes a series of news articles on the same event. It uses summarization operators, identified through empirical analysis of a corpus of news summaries, to group empirical analysis of a corpus of news summaries, to group together templates from the output of the systems developed for ARPA's Message Understanding Conferences. Depending on the available resources(e.g. space), summaries of different length can be produced. Our research also provides a methodological frame work for future work on the summarization task and on the evaluation of new summarization systems.
title: Ein vereinfachter Ansatz zur Entwicklung einer Digitalstrategie in Unternehmen
Creators: name: Möstl, Mona
name: Stoll, Patrick
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Digitale Transformation
subject: Technische Schulden
subject: IT-Strategie
subject: IT- Management
subject: Strategieentwicklung
subject: Praxisbericht

description: Digitalisierung und digitale Transformationen beschäftigen heutzutage praktisch jedes Unternehmen. In dieser Ausarbeitung geht es um die Entwicklung einer Digitalstrategie in Unternehmen. Dabei werden sowohl Treiber und Herausforderungen für digitale Transformationsprojekte berücksichtigt als auch der Bereich technischer Schulden näher beleuchtet, der in vielen Unternehmen in den Hintergrund geraten ist und bei digitalen Transformationsprojekten schnell zu einem unüberwindbaren Problem werden kann. Das ausgearbeitete Konzept stellt eine Handlungsempfehlung basierend auf Erfahrungen aus der Praxis sowie auf wissenschaftlicher Evidenz dar.
Newtonian and Relativistic Cosmologies
Creators: name: Green, Stephen R.
name: Wald, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological N-body simulations are now being performed using Newtonian gravity on scales larger than the Hubble radius. It is well known that a uniformly expanding, homogeneous ball of dust in Newtonian gravity satisfies the same equations as arise in relativistic FLRW cosmology, and it also is known that a correspondence between Newtonian and relativistic dust cosmologies continues to hold in linearized perturbation theory in the marginally bound/spatially flat case. Nevertheless, it is far from obvious that Newtonian gravity can provide a good global description of an inhomogeneous cosmology when there is significant nonlinear dynamical behavior at small scales. We investigate this issue in the light of a perturbative framework that we have recently developed, which allows for such nonlinearity at small scales. We propose a relatively straightforward "dictionary"---which is exact at the linearized level---that maps Newtonian dust cosmologies into general relativistic dust cosmologies, and we use our "ordering scheme" to determine the degree to which the resulting metric and matter distribution solve Einstein's equation. We find that Einstein's equation fails to hold at "order 1" at small scales and at "order $ε$" at large scales. We then find the additional corrections to the metric and matter distribution needed to satisfy Einstein's equation to these orders. While these corrections are of some interest in their own right, our main purpose in calculating them is that their smallness should provide a criterion for the validity of the original dictionary (as well as simplified versions of this dictionary). We expect that, in realistic Newtonian cosmologies, these additional corrections will be very small; if so, this should provide strong justification for the use of Newtonian simulations to describe relativistic cosmologies, even on scales larger than the Hubble radius.
description: 35 pages; minor changes
title: Broqueville, Charles Marie Pierre Albert, Baron de
title: Broqueville, Charles Marie Pierre Albert, Baron de
Creators: name: Ypersele, Laurence Van
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: De Broqueville, Charles
subject: Broqueville, Charles, baron de, 1860-1940

description: Charles de Broqueville, chief of the Belgian government during the First World War, acted as liaison between the king and the Belgian government. He supported the king in his attempts to obtain peace and his efforts to break free from the Allies.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Absence of broken inversion symmetry phase of electrons in bilayer graphene under charge density fluctuations
Creators: name: Yan, Xin-Zhong
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On a lattice model, we study the possibility of existence of gapped broken inversion symmetry phase (GBISP) of electrons with long-range Coulomb interaction in bilayer graphene using both self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation (SCHFA) and the renormalized-ring-diagram approximation (RRDA). RRDA takes into account the charge-density fluctuations beyond the mean field. While GBISP at low temperature and low carrier concentration is predicted by SCHFA, we show here the state can be destroyed by the charge-density fluctuations. We also present a numerical algorithm for calculating the self-energy of electrons with the singular long-range Coulomb interaction on the lattice model.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Interdisziplinärer Industrie 4.0 Demonstrator (II4D)
Creators: name: Burmeister, Carsten
name: Möller, Bonke
name: Miller, Dominik
name: Haase, Andreas
name: Lam, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Industrie 4.0
subject: Demonstrator
subject: Interdisziplinarität
subject: Hochschullehre

description: Das Thema Industrie 4.0 ist an der Fachhochschule Wedel in fast allen Studiengängen vertreten, wie zum Beispiel im IT-Ingenieurwesen, in der Informatik, im Wirtschafts- ingenieurwesen oder der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Dabei konzentrieren sich die Studiengänge auf unterschiedliche Bereiche des großen Feldes Industrie 4.0. Wir erwarten, dass sich für Studierende ein tieferes Verständnis und eine höhere Lernmotivation ergibt, wenn die bisher häufig getrennten Industrie 4.0-Bereiche zusammengeführt werden und zusätzlich durch interdisziplinäre, praktische Übungen und Erfahrungen ergänzt werden können. Im Rahmen einer Projektförderung der Stiftung für Innovation in der Hochschullehre haben wir die Möglichkeit, diesen Ansatz umzusetzen, indem wir einen Industrie 4.0 Demonstrator und didaktische Konzepte zur interdisziplinären Nutzung entwickeln. In diesem Artikel erläutern wir unsere Motivation zur Entwicklung des Demonstrators. Wir beschreiben das zugrundeliegende Konzept und unsere Erwartungen. Außerdem zeigen wir den aktuellen Stand des Projekts und erste Erfahrungen.
Test
Creators: name: Lastname, A
name: Lastname, B
Publisher: name: Bow Valley College
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sustainability, Bow Valley College, curriculum integration

description: Sustainability meets current and future citizens’ needs in balance with environmental preservation. Along with hundreds of other postsecondary institutions, Bow Valley College is formally committed to sustainability. The College has exemplified leadership in waste diversion, energy efficiency and water conservation. The purpose of this research was to examine how to embed sustainability in the curricula at Bow Valley College. How other institutions embed sustainability in their classrooms and commensurate results for learners are key outcomes of this literature review. Using the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) database, 319 Sustainability Tracking, Assessment & Rating System (STARS) reports from different institutions were reviewed to discover where Bow Valley College ranks in terms of sustainable curricula. On average, institutions incorporate sustainability into 11.65% of courses, while Bow Valley College incorporates sustainability into only 7.77% of courses.
Phase field modeling of crack nucleation and propagation in martensitic micro–structures
Creators: name: Borzabadi Farahani, Ehsan
name: Juhre, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Phase field
subject: Crack nucleation
subject: Martensitic micro–structures
subject: 621.8

description: In this paper, a combined phase-field (PF) approach has been considered to model fracture behavior under martensitic transformation effects. The effect of temperature as another degree of freedom has been studied, which has not been taken into account in previous studies. The concept of thermodynamic driving force, the elastic energy, interfacial energy, heat transfer and the kinetics of phase field equations are introduced to obtain the fracture domain, the martensitic evaluation, the temperature field and displacements [1]. Due to the high amount of stress at the crack tip, the martensitic transformation can start and propagate through the austenitic structure. The internal stresses between martensitic and austenitic layers deviate the crack path, leading to changes in the martensitic formation [2]. In addition, temperature plays an important role in this phenomenon in two aspects; first of all a change in temperature can produce thermal stress; and secondly, it affects the conditions for martensitic transformation. An increase in temperature requires more energy for the phase transformation [3], and changes in martensitic formation induce a new driving force for crack growth [2, 4].
Expected Behavior of Quantum Thermodynamic Machines with Prior Information
Creators: name: Thomas, George
name: Johal, Ramandeep S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the expected behavior of a quantum model of heat engine when we have incomplete information about external macroscopic parameters, like magnetic field controlling the intrinsic energy scales of the working medium. We explicitly derive the prior probability distribution for these unknown parameters, $a_i, (i=1,2)$. Based on a few simple assumptions, the prior is found to be of the form $Π(a_i) \propto 1/a_i$. By calculating the expected values of various physical quantities related to this engine, we find that the expected behavior of the quantum model exhibits thermodynamic-like features. This leads us to a surprising proposal that incomplete information quantified as appropriate prior distribution can lead us to expect classical thermodynamic behavior in quantum models.
description: Revtex, 13 pages, 3 figures, revised version, new results added, accepted for Phys. Rev. E
title: Beerenbrouck, Charles Ruijs de
title: Beerenbrouck, Charles Ruijs de
Creators: name: Moeyes, Paul
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Charles Joseph Marie
subject: Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Charles, 1873-1936

description: Ruijs de Beerenbrouck was a Dutch Prime Minster who successfully dealt with the threat of revolution in November 1918.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Informationssicherheit in den Arbeitsalltag nachhaltig integrieren
Creators: name: Schuktomow, Regina
name: von Tippelskirch, Hubertus
name: Scholl, Margit
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Informationssicherheit und Awareness
subject: Informationssicherheitskultur
subject: Serious Games
subject: Sensibilisierung
subject: KMU

description: Um das Informationssicherheitsniveau in Unternehmen zu erhöhen, muss Informations- sicherheit gelebt werden. Dabei ist das Verständnis einer mannigfaltigen Informationssicherheits- kultur in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) unabdingbar. Regelmäßige Sensibili- sierung der Mitarbeitenden durch verzahnte Methoden wie analoge und digitale Serious Games füh- ren tendenziell zur Steigerung des Informationssicherheitsbewusstseins sowie zur nachhaltigen Ein- bettung der Informationssicherheit in den Arbeitsalltag. Es wird gezeigt, wie KMU ihr Informati- onssicherheitsniveau erhöhen und die Informationssicherheitskultur verbessern können. Resultie- rende Erkenntnisse aus dem Forschungsprojekt „Awareness Labor KMU (ALARM) Informations- sicherheit“ führen zu praktischen Hilfestellungen für KMU. Die Sicherheitskultur wird näher be- leuchtet und Modelle zum Verständnis dazu aufgezeigt. Formen der kreativ und praxisnah gamifi- zierten Instrumente, wie sie in dem vorliegenden Projekt entwickelt, in der Praxis erprobt und kos- tenfrei durch die Förderung zur Verfügung gestellt werden, können erfolgreich zur nachhaltigen Sensibilisierung von Mitarbeitenden und Führungskräften genutzt werden. Damit wird die Notwen- digkeit von Informationssicherheitsmaßnahmen in Unternehmen anschaulich diskutierbar und eine entsprechende, gezielte Kompetenz- und Personalentwicklung motiviert.
Supplementary document for Wide-angle polarization selectivity based on anomalous defect mode in photonic crystal containing hyperbolic metamaterials - 5764081.pdf
Creators: name: Wu, Feng
name: Chen, Mingyuan
name: Xiao, Shuyuan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In this supplementary material, we give a numerical example on the polarization-insensitive characteristic of conventional defect modes and analyze the effect of the absorption within hyperbolic metamaterial layers on the polarization selectivity.
Snowball: extracting relations from large plain-text collections
Creators: name: Agichtein, Eugene
name: Gravano, Luis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: Text documents often contain valuable structured data that is hidden Yin regular English sentences. This data is best exploited infavailable as arelational table that we could use for answering precise queries or running data mining tasks.We explore a technique for extracting such tables from document collections that requires only a handful of training examples from users. These examples are used to generate extraction patterns, that in turn result in new tuples being extracted from the document collection.We build on this idea and present our Snowball system. Snowball introduces novel strategies for generating patterns and extracting tuples from plain-text documents.At each iteration of the extraction process, Snowball evaluates the quality of these patterns and tuples without human intervention,and keeps only the most reliable ones for the next iteration. In this paper we also develop a scalable evaluation methodology and metrics for our task, and present a thorough experimental evaluation of Snowball and comparable techniques over a collection of more than 300,000 newspaper documents.
"Na baro kè" Subtitle Conventions
Creators: name: Donaldson, Coleman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Manding
Transcript Conventions

description: This document explains the subtitle conventions used for the video project "Na baro kè". "Na baro kè" aims to provide Manding-speakers and -learners with an online subtitled video series of street-side “chats” with everyday people in West Africa. Project website: www.ankataa.com/nabaroke Videos available on YouTube: www.youtube.com/c/ankataa
title: Do Salient Social Norms Moderate Mortality Salience Effects? A (Challenging) Meta-Analysis of Terror Management Studies
Creators: name: Schindler, Simon
name: Hildard, Joe
name: Fritsche, Immo
name: Burke, Brian
name: Pfattheicher, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: terror management theory
subject: mortality salience
subject: social norms
subject: publication bias
subject: meta-analysis
subject: 150
subject: 300
subject: Terror-Management-Theorie
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Soziale Norm
subject: Metaanalyse
subject: Bias

description: Gefördert im Rahmen eines Open-Access-Transformationsvertrags mit dem Verlag
title: Commemoration, Cult of the Fallen (South East Europe)
title: Commemoration, Cult of the Fallen (South East Europe)
Creators: name: Šarenac, Danilo
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Südosteuropa
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kollektives Gedächtnis
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Balkan Peninsula

description: The article examines the main characteristics of commemorative processes which took place after the First World War in several countries in South East Europe. In many cases, the citizens of future joint states had fought on opposite sides during war, making commemoration a particularly sensitive issue. Private initiatives and state-guided actions both played a role in the commemorative efforts of Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece. Military memorials and tombs of the Unknown Soldier were the most visible materialization of efforts to memorialize and interpret the war. All Balkan countries interpreted the war as part of century-long ethnic projects of liberation and national unification. Honoring the dead, however, was marked by financial limitations, logistical difficulties and political conflicts.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: “HalloBzar”: A German chatbot for accessing the regional digital marketplace
Creators: name: Bawa, Vanishika
name: Baroud, Ibrahim
name: Schaffer, Stefan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chatbot
subject: Conversational Design
subject: Pre-trained Large Language Models
subject: Prototyping
subject: Food Supply Market
subject: Regional Food
subject: Deep Learning

description: As part of the “Stadt-Land-Fluss” project, we investigate the usage of an AI-powered chatbot to support three key players of the regional food supply chain: producers, food processors, and buyers, in selling or buying their products digitally. A Minimal Viable Prototype was developed with input from domain specialists and includes two scenarios with concrete use cases; namely, “see crop plannings”, “create sales item”, “looking for a food-processor” in the first and, “create delivery series” or “see offers” in the second. Additionally, the chatbot provides personalized follow-up questions in the case where an offer or crop planning is due. We identify 17 intents and 9 entities and evaluate the performance of NLU components using 5-fold cross validation. This work contributes to the field by curating domain-specific use cases and data based on expert insights. We also extend the data using large language models. Additionally, we show that using DIET with spaCy outperforms using DIET with BERT-based tokenizers and featurizers in Intent Detection (ID) and Entity Recognition (ER) on our data when keeping other parts of the chatbot constant.
title: Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB)
title: Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB)
Creators: name: Little, Branden
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commission for Relief in Belgium
subject: Commission for Relief in Belgium

description: From 1914 to 1919, the Commission for Relief in Belgium directed an innovative and successful international food relief program for more than nine million Belgian and French civilians who lived in German-occupied territories and were highly dependent on the importation of foreign food aid for survival.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Imprinting magnetic information in manganites with X-rays
Creators: name: Garganourakis, M.
name: Scagnoli, V.
name: Huang, S. W.
name: Staub, U.
name: Wadati, H.
name: Nakamura, M.
name: Guzenko, V. A.
name: Kawasaki, M.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of x-rays on an orbital and charge ordered epitaxial film of a Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ is presented. As the film is exposed to x-rays, the antiferromagnetic response increases and concomitantly the conductivity of the film improve. These results are discussed in terms of a persistent x-ray induced doping, leading to a modification of the magnetic structure. This effect allows writing electronic and magnetic domains in the film and represents a novel way of manipulating magnetism.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Viscosity and Stability of Visbroken Fractionated Oils
Creators: name: Abbaspourmehdiabadi, Amirabbas
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Visbreaking, Modified Regular Solution, Expanded Fluid, Viscosity, Phase behavior, Asphaltenes
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: One challenge facing Western Canada is the limited capacity to transport bitumen through pipelines. Bitumen has a high density and viscosity that both exceed pipeline specifications. It must be diluted for transport, but the diluent occupies a capacity that would otherwise be available for the bitumen. One possible solution is to reduce the amount of diluent by decreasing the density and viscosity of the bitumen through a combination of de-asphalting and visbreaking processes. Visbreaking reduces the viscosity of the oil, however, if carried too far, this process can destabilize the oil (cause asphaltene precipitation and coke formation). De-asphalting decreases the oil density and can allow more intensive visbreaking without destabilizing the oil. These processes can be applied to both bitumen and vacuum bottom feeds. In all cases, it is necessary to predict the product properties and stability to optimize the process design. This thesis aims to measure and model the effect of visbreaking on the density, viscosity, and stability of a bitumen, a vacuum bottom, and a de-asphalted oil. Each oil was visbroken at two different severities (combinations of temperature and residence time) in an in-house continuous visbreaker. The feeds and their products were separated into distillates, saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, and the properties (molecular weight, density, viscosity, and solubility) of each fraction were measured. Previously developed correlations for molecular weight, density model parameters, viscosity model parameters, and solubility parameters were updated. The density of the oils was determined with a volumetric mixing rule and their viscosity with the Expanded Fluid viscosity model. Their stability versus asphaltene precipitation was determined with the Modified Regular Solution phase equilibrium model. The average deviation of the modelled densities and viscosities were 2 kg/m³ and 19%, respectively. The average deviation in the modelled onset of asphaltene precipitation (solvent content at which precipitation first occurred) was 4.4 wt% n-heptane. The average deviation of the modeled asphaltene yield (mass of precipitated asphaltenes divided by the mass of feed oil) was 2.3 wt%.
Providing Energy Services in a Changing Industry: 2010 Energy Policy Forum
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental economics

description: Anyone following the path of an electron today could be excused for thinking he or she was in the wrong millennium. "Dinosaurs" still rule the world. Large, central power stations produce the vast majority of electricity. Coal, natural gas, some oil, or uranium enters on one end. Electrons and various other byproducts — some innocuous, most not — leave on the other, pushed over long distances across aging transmission lines. Many get lost along the way. Once at their final destinations, electrons are piped, anonymously, into businesses and people's homes. The vast majority of customers don't care about their origin or the way they get there, as long as they do, reliably, day after day. Most people only interact with their utility when there is a service interruption and, once a month, when a plain white envelope announces the previous month's electricity use. The bill might include a quick chart, showing energy use compared to last year's, but most still remains a mystery. The frequent reaction to a bill, any bill? Anger. Why so much? Which device was responsible? How can I save money? Utilities see the world through entirely different eyes: How to convey the message that a $200 bill buys more and better services than $20? Electrons in 1980 supplied 3 devices in the average house: the TV, the fridge, and the washing machine. Today, the number is 25. Should people even be our ultimate customers? Why not devices, leaving humans as payment authorizers? How to strike the trifecta of delivering "affordable, reliable and clean" electrons? How to stay nimble in an ever-changing world?
Tests for multivariate normality based on canonical correlations
Creators: name: Thulin, Måns
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose new affine invariant tests for multivariate normality, based on independence characterizations of the sample moments of the normal distribution. The test statistics are obtained using canonical correlations between sets of sample moments, generalizing the Lin-Mudholkar test for normality. The tests are compared to some popular tests based on Mardia's skewness and kurtosis measures in an extensive simulation power study and are found to offer higher power against many of the alternatives.
description: 21 pages, 5 tables
title: Assessment of AI literacy – Development and testing of a customizable set ofitems
Creators: name: Faust, Anna
name: Dröge, Martin
name: Odebrecht, Carolin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: AI literacy
subject: Assessment
subject: Scale Questionnaire
subject: Higher Education

description: In this paper, we argue that there are two types of learners who seek to build AI literacy. However, recent studies that provide questionnaires to assess AI literacy seem suitable for one type of learners only. Based on previous literature, we generated items that also addresses the second type of learners. The items can be adapted to the needs of diverse fields. Further, in the following pages, we give insights in the preliminary result of evaluating AI literacy based on these items in the beginning of a course in summer term 2023. Results suggest, that students have very limited AI knowledge in the beginning of the course and lack a linkage of their knowledge.
title: Constantine I, King of Greece
title: Constantine I, King of Greece
Creators: name: Lemonidou, Elli
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Konstantin [I., Griechenland, König]
subject: Constantine I, King of the Hellenes, 1868-1923

description: King Constantine I, a brave army officer but rather controversial in his political choices, is mainly known for his strong disagreement with Prime Minister Eleutherios Venizelos over the role of Greece in World War I, which resulted in the painful “schism” of the state in the middle of the war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Trochonanina albopicta
Creators: name: Muratov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Urocyclidae
Trochonanina
Trochonanina albopicta

description: Trochonanina albopicta (von Martens, 1869)
Fig. 49
 Nanina mossambicensis var. albopicta: von Martens 1869 a: 56, pl. 1, fig. 2 (East Africa; 11× 18 mm).
 Ledoulxia albopicta (von Martens, 1869): Connolly 1925: 135.
 A common East African species, with a general distribution from southern Kenya to central Mozambique. Found at four stations inland. Possibly just a colour variety of Trochonanina mossambicensis (Pfeiffer, 1855), as it was originally described by von Martens. Can easily be recognized by the characteristic pattern of lighter, nontranslucent specks oriented in spiral lines on a darker, semi-translucent, corneous background, as well as alternating zones of lighter and darker close-set axial riblets on the upper side of the shell with only microscopic spiral striation on the base. The shell illustrated here is much faded.
description: Published as part of Muratov, Igor V., 2010, Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique, pp. 255 in African Invertebrates 51 (2) on page 280, DOI: 10.5733/afin.051.0203, http://zenodo.org/record/10268367
The Design of Monte Carlo Experiments for VAR Models
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper deals with the design of Monte Carlo experiments in the context of cointegrated VAR models. Such experiments often seek to establish the applicability of asymptotic distributional results for sampled of size 100 to 200, which are typical of macroeconomic times series. Hithertofore, the design of such experiments has relied on certain simple models given in Bannerjee et al. (1986), Engle and Granger (1987), and Phillips (1991). Here we provide the framework for designing experiments based on much more general models, of which the designs above are special cases.
"Na baro kè" Subtitle Conventions
Creators: name: Donaldson, Coleman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Manding
Transcript Conventions

description: This document explains the subtitle conventions used for the video project "Na baro kè".

"Na baro kè" aims to provide Manding-speakers and -learners with an online subtitled video series of street-side “chats” with everyday people in West Africa.

Project website: www.ankataa.com/nabaroke

Videos available on YouTube: www.youtube.com/c/ankataa
Wage Arrears, Poverty, and Family Survival Strategies in Russia
Creators: name: Desai, Padma B.
name: Idson, Todd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics

description: In this paper we use a longitudinal survey of Russian households for analyzing the impact of wage arrears on the incidence of poverty among families and their survival strategies. The failure of enterprises and government to fully pay workers in a timely fashion is shown to be associated with a higher incidence of poverty; a similar effect is found for pensioners experiencing pension arrears. As a result of pay delays, we find that individuals and families were more likely to take second jobs, increase home production for own-consumption and sale, reduce their rate of saving, sell family assets, and receive transfers of goods and money from relatives (which, in turn, reduce the effect of wage nonpayment on poverty). Wage nonpayment also contributed to a rise in barter between workers and firms, although the monetary value of these goods and services did little to arrest the upward trend in outstanding net debt to workers.
title: Die Hürden der Digitalisierung in KMUs erfolgreich nehmen
Creators: name: Meier, Klaus-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: KMU
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Produktion
subject: Logistik
subject: Hürden
subject: Lean Production
subject: Standardisierung
subject: Modularität
subject: Komplexitätsreduktion
subject: Mitarbeitereinbindung

description: KMUs liegen gegenüber Großunternehmen immer noch zurück, wenn es um die Digitalisierung von Geschäftsprozessen geht. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Bereiche Produktion und Logistik. Basierend auf Literaturrecherchen werden die maßgeblichen Hürden einer Digitalisierung bestimmt und Gegenmaßnahmen entwickelt. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels werden deren Wirksamkeit überprüft und weitere Erkenntnisse abgeleitet.
Do factor endowments matter for north-north trade?
Creators: name: Davis, Donald R.
name: Weinstein, David E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: The dominant paradigm of world trade patterns posits two principal features. Trade between North and South arises due to traditional comparative advantage, largely determined by differences in endowment patterns. Trade within the North, much of it intra-industry trade, is based on economies of scale and product differentiation. The paradigm specifically denies an important role for endowment differences in determining North-North trade. This paper provides the first sound empirical examination of this question. We demonstrate that trade in factor services among countries of the North is systematically related to endowment differences and large in economic magnitude. Intra-industry trade, rather than being a puzzle for a factor endowments theory, is instead the conduit for a great deal of this factor service trade.
Suppression of the large-scale Lorentz force by turbulence
Creators: name: Ruediger, G.
name: Kitchatinov, L. L.
name: Schultz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The components of the total stress tensor (Reynolds stress plus Maxwell stress) are computed within the quasilinear approximation for a driven turbulence influenced by a large-scale magnetic background field. The conducting fluid has an arbitrary magnetic Prandtl number and the turbulence without the background field is assumed as homogeneous and isotropic with a free Strouhal number St. The total large-scale magnetic tension is always reduced by the turbulence with the possibility of a `catastrophic quenching' for large magnetic Reynolds number Rm so that even its sign is reversed. The total magnetic pressure is enhanced by turbulence with short correlation time (`white noise') but it is reduced by turbulence with long correlation time. Also in this case the sign of the total pressure may reverse but only for special turbulences with sufficiently large St> 1. The turbulence-induced terms of the stress tensor are suppressed by strong magnetic fields. For the tension term this quenching grows with the square of the Hartmann number of the magnetic field. For microscopic (i.e. small) diffusivity values the magnetic tension term becomes thus highly quenched even for field amplitudes much smaller than their equipartition value. In the opposite case of large-eddy simulations the magnetic quenching is only mild but then also the turbulence-induced Maxwell tensor components for weak fields remain rather small.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Astron. Nachr
title: Daszyński, Ignacy
title: Daszyński, Ignacy
Creators: name: Chojnowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Daszyński, Ignacy
subject: Daszyński, Ignacy, 1866-1936

description: Ignacy Daszyński was one of the foremost figures on the Polish political scene in the first half of the 20th century. He personified a subset of elites who merged the struggle for social justice with respect for the principles of the democratic order and understanding of other nations’ aspirations toward freedom.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War