cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical Approach to Tunneling Time in Attosecond Experiments
Creators: name: Demir, Durmus
name: Guner, Tugrul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling, transport of particles through classically forbidden regions, is a pure quantum phenomenon. It governs numerous phenomena ranging from single-molecule electronics to donor-acceptor transition reactions. The main problem is the absence of a universal method to compute tunneling time. This problem has been attacked in various ways in the literature. Here, in the present work, we show that a statistical approach to the problem, motivated by the imaginary nature of time in the forbidden regions, lead to a novel tunneling time formula which is real and subluminal (in contrast to various known time definitions implying superluminal tunneling). This entropic tunneling time, as we call it, shows good agreement with the tunneling time measurements in laser-driven He ionization. Moreover, it sets an accurate range for long-range electron transfer reactions. The entropic tunneling time is general enough to extend to the photon and phonon tunneling phenomena.
description: 28 pp, 4 embedded figs, 1 table; extended content; version to appear in Annals of Physics
Constant slope maps and the Vere-Jones classification
Creators: name: Bobok, Jozef
name: Bruin, Henk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E05

description: We study continuous countably piecewise monotone interval maps, and formulate conditions under which these are conjugate to maps of constant slope, particularly when this slope is given by the topological entropy of the map. We confine our investigation to the Markov case and phrase our conditions in the terminology of the Vere-Jones classification of infinite matrices.
description: 33 pages
Fada do Dente: Cartilha de Educação em Saúde Bucal
Creators: name: CASSEB, TAMIRES FARO
name: SIQUEIRA ROLLA, MAYRA
name: GODINHO BAKER, PATRÍCIA ANDRÉA
name: MOREIRA PORTO, JULIANA DE ANDRADE
name: SOUZA DAMASCENO, YOHANA SANDY
name: DE MELO, CECI BAKER
name: AMARAL MORAES DA CRUZ, ANNANDA PEREIRA
name: MOREIRA, CAMILA DE ARAÚJO
name: COSTA RIBEIRO, CONCEIÇÃO MARIA
name: VIDEIRA FAGURY, IZABEL
name: LAVAREDA SALES, JULIANA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cartilha educacional voltada a saúde bucal de crianças
Finding the effective structure parameters for suspensions of nano-sized insulating particles from low-frequency impedance measurements
Creators: name: Sushko, M. Ya.
name: Gotsulskiy, V. Ya.
name: Stiranets, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the method of compact groups of inhomogeneities, we formulate new mixing rules for suspensions of charged insulating particles. They express the quasistatic conductivity and permittivity of a suspension in terms of the effective geometric and dielectric parameters of the particles, electric double layers (EDLs), and suspending liquid. Also, we present our low-frequency impedance measurements of the conductivity and permittivity of Al2O3-isopropyl alcohol nanofluids as functions of Al2O3-particle volume concentration. Our rules give good fits for most of these data and allow us to estimate, among other things, the effective thickness, conductivity, and permittivity of the EDLs. The experimentally-recovered values agree well with elementary theoretical estimates suggesting the charging of the particles through preferential adsorption of contaminant ions. The possible effects of other mechanisms on the effective conductivity and permittivity of suspensions are also discussed.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures (extended)
Linear and fractional response for the SRB measure of smooth hyperbolic attractors and discontinuous observables
Creators: name: Baladi, Viviane
name: Kuna, Tobias
name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37C40, 37C30, 37D20

description: We consider a smooth one-parameter family $t \to f_t$ of diffeomorphisms with compact transitive Axiom A attractors. Our first result (corrected) is that for any function $G$ in the Sobolev space $H^r_p$, with $p>1$ and $0
Topological magnetic dipolar interaction and non-local electric magnetization control in topological insulator heterostructures
Creators: name: Rex, Stefan
name: Nogueira, Flavio S.
name: Sudbo, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoelectric effect predicted in topological insulators makes heterostructures that combine magnetic materials and such insulators promising candidates for spintronics applications. Here, we theoretically consider a setup that exhibits two well-separated interfaces between a topological insulator and a ferromagnetic insulator. We show that there is a topological magnetic dipole-dipole interaction stemming from long-range Coulomb interactions. We analytically derive the magnetization dynamics at the two interfaces and discuss how the long-range coupling can be applied to non-locally induce the formation of a magnetic texture at one interface by suitably gating the other interface.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; reference updated, minor changes to match published version
DNA-GA: A New Approach of Network Performance Analysis
Creators: name: Ding, Ming
name: Perez, David Lopez
name: Mao, Guoqiang
name: Lin, Zihuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a new approach of network performance analysis, which is based on our previous works on the deterministic network analysis using the Gaussian approximation (DNA-GA). First, we extend our previous works to a signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) analysis, which makes our DNA-GA analysis a formal microscopic analysis tool. Second, we show two approaches for upgrading the DNA-GA analysis to a macroscopic analysis tool. Finally, we perform a comparison between the proposed DNA-GA analysis and the existing macroscopic analysis based on stochastic geometry. Our results show that the DNA-GA analysis possesses a few special features: (i) shadow fading is naturally considered in the DNAGA analysis; (ii) the DNA-GA analysis can handle non-uniform user distributions and any type of multi-path fading; (iii) the shape and/or the size of cell coverage areas in the DNA-GA analysis can be made arbitrary for the treatment of hotspot network scenarios. Thus, DNA-GA analysis is very useful for the network performance analysis of the 5th generation (5G) systems with general cell deployment and user distribution, both on a microscopic level and on a macroscopic level.
description: Final IEEE version: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7511618/
Conformal Janus on Euclidean Sphere
Creators: name: Bak, Dongsu
name: Gustavsson, Andreas
name: Rey, Soo-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret Janus as an interface in a conformal field theory and study its properties. The Janus is created by an exactly marginal operator and we study its effect on the interface conformal field theory on the Janus. We do this by utilizing the AdS/CFT correspondence. We compute the interface free energy both from leading correction to the Euclidean action in the dual gravity description and from conformal perturbation theory in the conformal field theory. We find that the two results agree each other and that the interface free energy scales precisely as expected from the conformal invariance of the Janus interface.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures, references added, section 2 and references added, published version
Exploiting nodes symmetries to control synchronization and consensus patterns in multiagent systems
Creators: name: Fiore, Davide
name: Russo, Giovanni
name: di Bernardo, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present new conditions to obtain synchronization and consensus patterns in complex network systems. The key idea is to exploit symmetries of the nodes' vector fields to induce a desired synchronization/consensus pattern, where nodes are clustered in different groups each converging towards a different synchronized evolution. We show that the new conditions we present offer a systematic methodology to design a distributed network controller able to drive a network of interest towards a desired synchronization/consensus pattern.
description: Preprint accepted for publication on IEEE L-CSS
In the Service of Online Order: Tackling Cyber-Bullying with Machine Learning and Affect Analysis
Creators: name: Ptaszynski, Michal
name: Dybala, Pawel
name: Matsuba, Tatsuaki
name: Masui, Fumito
name: Rzepka, Rafal
name: Araki, Kenji
name: Momouchi, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the burning problems lately in Japan has been cyber-bullying, or slandering and bullying people online. The problem has been especially noticed on unofficial Web sites of Japanese schools. Volunteers consisting of school personnel and PTA (Parent-Teacher Association) members have started Online Patrol to spot malicious contents within Web forums and blogs. In practise, Online Patrol assumes reading through the whole Web contents, which is a task difficult to perform manually. With this paper we introduce a research intended to help PTA members perform Online Patrol more efficiently. We aim to develop a set of tools that can automatically detect malicious entries and report them to PTA members. First, we collected cyber-bullying data from unofficial school Web sites. Then we performed analysis of this data in two ways. Firstly, we analysed the entries with a multifaceted affect analysis system in order to find distinctive features for cyber-bullying and apply them to a machine learning classifier. Secondly, we applied a SVM based machine learning method to train a classifier for detection of cyber-bullying. The system was able to classify cyber-bullying entries with 88.2% of balanced F-score.
description: 12 pages, 11 tables, 6 figures
MPEC 2023-O51 : COMET P/2023 M4 (ATLAS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET P/2023 M4 (ATLAS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Intertemporale Allokationen in einer stochastischen Umwelt -Experimentelle Studien-
Creators: name: Anderhub, Vital
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung
subject: Inviduelles Entscheidungsverhalten
subject: Lebenszyklushypothese
subject: Sparverhalten
subject: experimental economics
subject: individual decision making
subject: life-cycle hypothesis
subject: savings behavior
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 17 Wirtschaft
subject: QC 160

description: Die Arbeit basiert auf fünf Aufsätzen. In diesen wird über vier Experimentserien berichtet, die das individuelle Entscheidungsverhalten von Versuchspersonen in ähnlichen, aber verschieden komplexen Situationen erheben. Es wird ein experimentelles Szenario vorgestellt, mit dessen Hilfe Rückschlüsse auf das Sparverhalten gezogen werden können. Es werden stilisierte Fakten des Verhaltens realer Entscheider identifiziert, die sich in solchen Situationen wesentlich vom rationalen Verhalten des "homo oeconomicus" unterscheiden. Eine der Experimentserien wurde im Internet durchgeführt, wobei zusätzlich generelle Aspekte von Internetexperimenten untersucht werden.
description: This thesis is based on five studies. These studies report on the individual behavior of experimental subjects in four experiments. The experimental situations are similar, but differ in their complexity. With the introduced experimental setup, one can draw conclusions about savings behavior. Stylized facts about the behavior of real decision makers are identified, which differ in such situations substantially from the rational behavior of the "homo oeconomicus". One of the experiments was conducted via the Internet. In this part also general aspects of Internet experiments are investigated.
Proof of concept: A crop tree release variant of precommercial thinning using a spacing saw designed for top spacing
Creators: name: Soucy, Michel
name: Béland, Martin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The objective of this study is to develop and test the feasibility of a delayed crop tree release variant of precommercial thinning (CTR-PCT) using a top-cutting method with the Husqvarna 535 fbx spacing saw in a hardwood stand. The CTR-PCT treatment consists of releasing up to 400 high-quality crop trees per ha in a 7- to 12-meters high hardwood stand by cutting only the trees that compete with the top half of crop tree’s crowns, leaving all other trees uncut. Specifically, the objectives were to: (1) Develop a technique that would allow workers to easily navigate the stand as it’s being treated; (2) Develop a technique to monitor the amount of work performed by workers in a context were the presence and clearing of crop trees might not be evenly distributed in a stand (3) Determine time required to navigate the stand and identify crop trees and, time required to release crop trees (4) Determine worker productivity and cost of treatment
Local Magnetism and Spin Dynamics of the Frustrated Honeycomb Rhodate Li2RhO3
Creators: name: Khuntia, P.
name: Manni, S.
name: Foronda, F. R.
name: Lancaster, T.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Baenitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magnetization, heat capacity, 7Li - nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and muSR (muon spin roration) measurements on the honeycomb 4d5 spin liquid candidate Li2RhO3. The magnetization in small magnetic fields provides evidence of the partial spin-freezing of a small fraction of Rh4+ -moments at 6 K, whereas the Curie-Weiss behavior above 100 K suggests a pseudo-spin-1/2 paramagnet with a moment of about 2.2 muB. The magnetic specific heat (Cm) exhibits no field dependence and demonstrates the absence of long range magnetic order down to 0.35 K. Cm/T passes through a broad maximum at about 10 K and Cm=T^2 at low temperatures. Measurements of the spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) reveal a gapless slowing down of spin fluctuations upon cooling with 1/T1=T^2.2. The results from NMR and muSR are consistent with a scenario in which a minority of Rh4+ moments are in a ahort-range correlated frozen state and coexist with a majority of moments in a liquid-like state that continue to fluctuate at low temperatures.
A new scheme for short baseline electron antineutrino disappearance study
Creators: name: Shin, Jae Won
name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Hayakawa, Takehito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new scheme for the short baseline electron antineutrino (${\barν}_{e}$) disappearance study is investigated. We propose to use an intense neutron emitter, $^{252}$Cf, which produces $^{8}$Li isotope through the $^{7}$Li(n,$γ$)$^{8}$Li reaction; $^{8}$Li is a ${\barν}_{e}$ emitter via $β^{-}$ decay. Because this ${\barν}_{e}$ source needs neither accelerator nor reactor facilities, the ${\barν}_{e}$ can be placed on any neutrino detectors as closely as possible. This short baseline circumstance with a suitable detector enables us to study the existence of possible sterile neutrinos, in particular, on 1 eV mass scale. Also, complementary comparison studies among different neutrino detectors can become feasible by using ${\barν}_{e}$ from the $^{8}$Li source. As an example, applications to hemisphere and cylinder shape scintillator detectors are performed in detail with the expectation signal modification by the sterile neutrino. Sensitivities to mass and mixing angles of sterile neutrinos are also presented for comparison with those of other neutrino experiments.
Data from: Superb Lyrebird nesting habitat and the 2019 megafires in Australia
Creators: name: Hughes, Eric
name: Austin, Victoria
name: Backhouse, Fiona
name: Maisey, Alex
name: Lopez, Kelsie
name: Mikles, Chloe
name: Odom, Karan
name: Welbergen, Justin
name: Dalziell, Anastasia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Superb Lyrebird
Nest site
megafires
habitat selection
wildfire
fire severity
Menura novaehollandiae

description: An animal's habitat offers food and protection necessary for survival and reproduction and consequently impacts individual fitness. In birds, understanding nest site selection is critical to understanding a species' ecology and developing effective conservation management actions. The Superb Lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) is one of many endemic species extensively impacted by Australia's unprecedented 2019-20 megafires. Over a period of 5 months, an estimated 43% of the entire range of this slow-breeding species was burnt, with the biggest impact on the central subspecies M. n. novaehollandiae (55%). 4 months prior to these megafires, we conducted a field study of nest site habitat selection in the Superb Lyrebird within the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area (15,400 km2): a key stronghold of the central subspecies of the Superb Lyrebird. We found that at the local scale, lyrebird nest sites were more likely to be found in habitats characterized by dense canopy trees and rich in rainforest elements such as vines and treeferns. At the landscape scale, lyrebird nests were most likely to be constructed in rainforest; this fire-sensitive habitat type made up only 1% of the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. The probability of nest occurrence also increased with slope. We also found that more than 74% of all nesting habitat within the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area burned in the 2019-20 megafires, including 80% of areas of high suitability for nesting. These results suggest that the impact of these megafires on Superb Lyrebirds may be greater than currently thought. Given the importance of rainforest as nesting habitat for the superb lyrebird, managers should prioritize its restoration and protect it from future fire events. More broadly, our results illustrate how large-scale catastrophic events – such as megafires – can disproportionately affect habitats critical to specific points within an organism's life cycle.
description: Funding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number: 1730791Funding provided by: University of Wollongong
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001777
Award Number: Funding provided by: Fulbright Program*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number:
Driver Hamiltonians for constrained optimization in quantum annealing
Creators: name: Hen, Itay
name: Sarandy, Marcelo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the current major challenges surrounding the use of quantum annealers for solving practical optimization problems is their inability to encode even moderately sized problems---the main reason for this being the rigid layout of their quantum bits as well as their sparse connectivity. In particular, the implementation of constraints has become a major bottleneck in the embedding of practical problems, because the latter is typically achieved by adding harmful penalty terms to the problem Hamiltonian --- a technique that often requires an `all-to-all' connectivity between the qubits. Recently, a novel technique designed to obviate the need for penalty terms was suggested; it is based on the construction of driver Hamiltonians that commute with the constraints of the problem, rendering the latter constants of motion. In this work we propose general guidelines for the construction of such driver Hamiltonians given an arbitrary set of constraints. We illustrate the broad applicability of our method by analyzing several diverse examples, namely, graph isomorphism, not-all-equal 3SAT, and the so-called Lechner, Hauke and Zoller constraints. We also discuss the significance of our approach in the context of current and future experimental quantum annealers.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Learning Domain-Invariant Subspace using Domain Features and Independence Maximization
Creators: name: Yan, Ke
name: Kou, Lu
name: Zhang, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain adaptation algorithms are useful when the distributions of the training and the test data are different. In this paper, we focus on the problem of instrumental variation and time-varying drift in the field of sensors and measurement, which can be viewed as discrete and continuous distributional change in the feature space. We propose maximum independence domain adaptation (MIDA) and semi-supervised MIDA (SMIDA) to address this problem. Domain features are first defined to describe the background information of a sample, such as the device label and acquisition time. Then, MIDA learns a subspace which has maximum independence with the domain features, so as to reduce the inter-domain discrepancy in distributions. A feature augmentation strategy is also designed to project samples according to their backgrounds so as to improve the adaptation. The proposed algorithms are flexible and fast. Their effectiveness is verified by experiments on synthetic datasets and four real-world ones on sensors, measurement, and computer vision. They can greatly enhance the practicability of sensor systems, as well as extend the application scope of existing domain adaptation algorithms by uniformly handling different kinds of distributional change.
description: Accepted
Coset Construction for Subspace Codes
Creators: name: Heinlein, Daniel
name: Kurz, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary 05B25, 51E20, Secondary 51E22, 51E23

description: One of the main problems of the research area of network coding is to compute good lower and upper bounds of the achievable cardinality of so-called subspace codes in $\operatorname{PG}(n,q)$, i.e., the set of subspaces of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$, for a given minimal distance. Here we generalize a construction of Etzion and Silberstein to a wide range of parameters. This construction, named coset construction, improves or attains several of the previously best-known subspace code sizes and attains the MRD bound for an infinite family of parameters.
description: 18 pages, 2 tables
Network Gravity
Creators: name: Lombard, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the construction of a new framework for probing discrete emergent geometry and boundary-boundary observables based on a fundamentally a-dimensional underlying network structure. Using a gravitationally motivated action with Forman weighted combinatorial curvatures and simplicial volumes relying on a decomposition of an abstract simplicial complex into realized embeddings of proper skeletons, we demonstrate properties such as a minimal volume-scale cutoff, the necessity of a positive-definite cosmological constant-like term as a regulator for non-degenerate geometries, and naturally emergent simplicial structures from Metropolis network evolution simulations with no restrictions on attachment rules or regular building blocks. We see emergent properties which echo results from both the spinfoam formalism and causal dynamical triangulations in quantum gravity, and provide analytical and numerical results to support the analogy. We conclude with a summary of open questions and intent for future work in developing the program.
description: Preprint: [19 pages, 19 figures]; Submitted to Phys. Rev. D for Publication; Changes: Updated formatting, explicitly defined projection map, updated commentary on IR divergence
Convergence Rates of Neumann problems for Stokes Systems
Creators: name: Gu, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies the convergence rates in $L^2$ and $H^1$ of Neumann problems for Stokes systems with rapidly oscillating periodic coefficients, without any smoothness assumptions on the coefficients.
description: To appear in J. Math. Anal. Appl.; slight modification
On the generation of Beurling type Carleman ultradifferentiable $C_0$-semigroups by scalar type spectral operators
Creators: name: Markin, Marat V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B40, 47D03, 47D60, 47D06 (Primary), 30D60, 34G10, 47B15 (Secondary)

description: A characterization of the scalar type spectral generators of Beurling type Carleman ultradifferentiable $C_0$-semigroups is established, the important case of the Gevrey ultradifferentiability is considered in detail, the implementation of the general criterion corresponding to a certain rapidly growing defining sequence is observed.
description: Published in Methods of Functional Analysis and Topology (MFAT), available at http://mfat.imath.kiev.ua/article/?id=848
Discreteness Effects in Population Dynamics
Creators: name: Hidalgo, Esteban Guevara
name: Lecomte, Vivien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse numerically the effects of small population size in the initial transient regime of a simple example population dynamics. These effects play an important role for the numerical determination of large deviation functions of additive observables for stochastic processes. A method commonly used in order to determine such functions is the so-called cloning algorithm which in its non-constant population version essentially reduces to the determination of the growth rate of a population, averaged over many realizations of the dynamics. However, the averaging of populations is highly dependent not only on the number of realizations of the population dynamics, and on the initial population size but also on the cut-off time (or population) considered to stop their numerical evolution. This may result in an over-influence of discreteness effects at initial times, caused by small population size. We overcome these effects by introducing a (realization-dependent) time delay in the evolution of populations, additional to the discarding of the initial transient regime of the population growth where these discreteness effects are strong. We show that the improvement in the estimation of the large deviation function comes precisely from these two main contributions.
On the Carleman ultradifferentiable vectors of a scalar type spectral operator
Creators: name: Markin, Marat V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B40 (Primary), 47B15 (Secondary)

description: A description of the Carleman classes of vectors, in particular the Gevrey classes, of a scalar type spectral operator in a reflexive complex Banach space is shown to remain true without the reflexivity requirement. A similar nature description of the entire vectors of exponential type, known for a normal operator in a complex Hilbert space, is generalized to the case of a scalar type spectral operator in a complex Banach space.
description: Published in Methods of Functional Analysis and Topology (MFAT), available at http://mfat.imath.kiev.ua/article/?id=838. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.07083
Assignments for topological group actions
Creators: name: Goertsches, Oliver
name: Mare, Augustin-Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P91, 55N91, 53D20

description: A polynomial assignment for a continuous action of a compact torus $T$ on a topological space $X$ assigns to each $p\in X$ a polynomial function on the Lie algebra of the isotropy group at $p$ in such a way that a certain compatibility condition is satisfied. The space ${\mathcal{A}}_T(X)$ of all polynomial assignments has a natural structure of an algebra over the polynomial ring of ${\rm Lie}(T)$. It is an equivariant homotopy invariant, canonically related to the equivariant cohomology algebra. In this paper we prove various properties of ${\mathcal{A}}_T(X)$ such as Borel localization, a Chang-Skjelbred lemma, and a Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson presentation. In the special case of Hamiltonian torus actions on symplectic manifolds we prove a surjectivity criterion for the assignment equivariant Kirwan map corresponding to a circle in $T$. We then obtain a Tolman-Weitsman type presentation of the kernel of this map.
description: 26 pages; v3: Final version; to appear in Indag. Math
Emergent Kink Statistics at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Lopez-Ruiz, Miguel Angel
name: Yepez-Martinez, Tochtli
name: Szczepaniak, Adam P.
name: Liao, Jinfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use 1D quantum mechanical systems with Higgs-like interaction potential to study the emergence of topological objects at finite temperature. Two different model systems are studied, the standard double-well potential model and a newly introduced discrete kink model. Using Monte-Carlo simulations as well as analytic methods, we demonstrate how kinks become abundant at low temperatures. These results may shed useful insights on how topological phenomena may occur in QCD.
The Use of Quality Management Standards in Trustworthy Digital Archives
Creators: name: Dobratz, Susanne
name: Rödig, Peter
name: Borghoff, Uwe M.
name: Schoger, Astrid
name: Rätzke, Björn
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek der Humboldt-Universität
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: quality management
subject: digital preservation
subject: certification
subject: trusted digital repositories
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 650 Management

description: Quality management is one of the essential parts to become a trustworthy digital archive. The German network of expertise in Digital long-term preservation (nestor), in cooperation with the German Institute for Standards (DIN) has undertaken a small study in order to systematically analyse the relevance und usage of quality management standards for long-term preservation and to filter out the specific standardisation need for digital archives. This paper summarises the first results of the study. It gives a first overview on the differences in understanding the task “quality management” amongst different organisations and how they carry out appropriate measures like documentation, transparency, adequacy, and measureability in order to demonstrate the trustworthiness of their digital archive.
Aligning representations across individual models
Creators: name: DuPre, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Computational neuroscience is focused on uncovering general organizational principles supporting neural activity and behavior; however, uncovering these principles relies on making appropriate comparisons across individuals. This presents a core technical and conceptual challenge, as individuals differ along nearly every relevant dimension: from the number of neurons supporting computation to the exact computation being performed. Similarly in artificial neural networks, multiple initializations of the same architecture—on the same data—may recruit non-overlapping hidden units, complicating direct comparisons of trained networks. In this talk, I will introduce techniques for aligning representations in both brains and in machines. I will argue for the importance of considering alignment methods in developing a comprehensive science at the intersection of artificial intelligence and neuroscience that reflects our shared goal of understanding principles of computation. Finally, I will consider current applications and limitations of these techniques, discussing relevant future directions for this area.
Latency Optimization in Datacenters using Adaptive Transport and Reliable Training
Creators: name: Almasi, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Datacenters perform the core computation for a wide range of large-scale applications. These applications include online data-intensive services such as web search that are user-facing and must meet stringent latency constraints, as well as distributed DNN training of sophisticated models that are time-consuming tasks. In this dissertation, we first address the performance challenges with transport protocols to ensure data from latency-sensitive applications is transferred efficiently across the datacenter network. Then we analyze the contention of different traffic patterns for switch buffer resources and propose a scheme that resolves the inherent tension between good burst absorption and high utilization. Finally, we study datacenter failures that impede the progress of distributed training jobs and waste many hours of computing resources, and to reduce the recovery time, we present a new optimization-based framework for robust gradient aggregation that allows the training task to continue in the presence of failures.
Krona charts affiliated with the Master's thesis in Biology of Tyra Magold (24/07/2023).
Creators: name: Magold, Tyra
name: Lenk, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: krona
16S
ITS
Rhizobiome

description: These three krona chart assemblies have been generated after taxonomic assignment using a Naïve Bayes classifier trained on the bac_120_ssu_reps and the ar_53_ssu_reps of GTDB release 2023-06-09 for 16S rRNA sequences, and a Naïve Bayes classifier trained on the UNITE reference database version 9.0 from 2022-10-16 for the ITS samples. Taxonomic assignment was executed through QIIME2 version 2022.8.0. For the botanical garden set of samples, bacterial (16S) as well as fungal (ITS) taxonomic classification was done.
 For the vineyard set of samples, only bacterial taxonomic classification was done and analyzed.
Integral Canonical Models for Automorphic Vector Bundles of Abelian Type
Creators: name: Lovering, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G35

description: We define and construct integral canonical models for automorphic vector bundles over Shimura varieties of abelian type. More precisely, we first build on Kisin's work to construct integral canonical models over rings of integers of number fields with finitely many primes inverted for Shimura varieties of abelian type with hyperspecial level at all primes we do not invert, compatible with Kisin's construction. We then define a notion of an integral canonical model for the standard principal bundles lying over Shimura varieties and proceed to construct them in the abelian type case. With these in hand, one immediately also gets integral models for automorphic vector bundles.
description: 49 pages
Fractional Sobolev Spaces and Functions of Bounded Variation
Creators: name: Bergounioux, M.
name: Leaci, A.
name: Nardi, G.
name: Tomarelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the 1D Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative focusing on the connections with fractional Sobolev spaces, the space $BV$ of functions of bounded variation, whose derivatives are not functions but measures and the space $SBV$, say the space of bounded variation functions whose derivative has no Cantor part. We prove that $SBV$ is included in $W^{s,1} $ for every $s \in (0,1)$ while the result remains open for $BV$. We study examples and address open questions.
Additional file 1 of Reciprocal influence of soil, phyllosphere, and aphid microbiomes
Creators: name: Wolfgang, Adrian
name: Tack, Ayco J. M.
name: Berg, Gabriele
name: Abdelfattah, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures. Fig. S1: Rarefaction curves for amplicon samples of each compartment. Fig. S2: Soil microbiome response upon aphid infestation. Fig. S3: Differences in microbial soil alpha diversity and abundance arising in corresponding inocula and soils (all soil treatments merged). Fig. S4: Overview of microbial alpha diversity and abundance in inoculum and soil treatments. Fig. S5: Microbial community composition development in soils depending on aphid herbivory. Supplementary Tables. Table S1: Source and proportion of soil mixes. Table S2: Pairwise PERMANOVA results for soil microbiome dependency of microbial phyllosphere community composition. Table S3: Pairwise PERMANOVA results for soil microbiome dependency of aphid microbiome community composition. Table S4: Differential abundance analysis results of soil-dependent biomarkers in aphid bacteria. Table S5: Differential abundance analysis results of soil-dependent biomarkers in aphid fungi. Table S6: Differential abundance analysis results of aphid herbivory-dependent fungal biomarkers in phyllosphere microbiome. Table S7: Differential abundance analysis results for aphid herbivory-dependent bacterial biomarkers in sandy soil microbiome. Table S8: Differential abundance analysis results for soil taxa affected by soil microbiome development from inoculum to soil and aphid herbivory. Supplementary Methods. Methods S1: Modified protocol of the Standard DNeasy® Blood&Tissue procedure for insects. Methods S2: PCR mixes and PCR conditions for amplicon and RT-qPCR. Supplementary Notes. Notes S1: Detailed description of dominant and biomarker taxa in soil microbial communities. Notes S2: Detailed description of dominant and biomarker taxa in aphid microbial communities.
Linear redshift space distortions for cosmic voids based on galaxies in redshift space
Creators: name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Liang, Yu
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Zhao, Cheng
name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Tao, Charling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic voids found in galaxy surveys are defined based on the galaxy distribution in redshift space. We show that the large scale distribution of voids in redshift space traces the fluctuations in the dark matter density field δ(k) (in Fourier space with μbeing the line of sight projected k-vector): δ_v^s(k) = (1 + β_v μ^2) b^s_v δ(k), with a beta factor that will be in general different than the one describing the distribution of galaxies. Only in case voids could be assumed to be quasi-local transformations of the linear (Gaussian) galaxy redshift space field, one gets equal beta factors β_v=β_g=f/b_g with f being the growth rate, and b_g, b^s_v being the galaxy and void bias on large scales defined in redshift space. Indeed, in our mock void catalogs we measure void beta factors being in good agreement with the galaxy one. Further work needs to be done to confirm the level of accuracy of the beta factor equality between voids and galaxies, but in general the void beta factor needs to be considered as a free parameter for RSD studies.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures; matches the version accepted by PRD
Entanglement asymmetry for boosted black branes
Creators: name: Mishra, Rohit
name: Singh, Harvendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of asymmetry in entanglement thermodynamics of the CFT subsystems. It is found that `boosted' $p$-branes backgrounds give rise to the first law of the entanglement thermodynamics where the CFT pressure plays decisive role in the entanglement. Two different strip like subsystems, one parallel to the boost and the other perpendicular, are studied in the perturbative regime, where $T_{thermal}\ll T_E$. We also discuss the AdS-wave backgrounds where some universal bounds can be obtained.
description: 15 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1507.03836; V2: A shortened version. No change in the results; V3: Changed title and some additions
Picosecond electric-field-induced threshold switching in phase-change materials
Creators: name: Zalden, Peter
name: Shu, Michael J.
name: Chen, Frank
name: Wu, Xiaoxi
name: Zhu, Yi
name: Wen, Haidan
name: Johnston, Scott
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
name: Landreman, Patrick
name: Brongersma, Mark
name: Fong, Scott W.
name: Wong, H. -S. Philip
name: Sher, Meng-Ju
name: Jost, Peter
name: Kaes, Matthias
name: Salinga, Martin
name: von Hoegen, Alexander
name: Wuttig, Matthias
name: Lindenberg, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many chalcogenide glasses undergo a breakdown in electronic resistance above a critical field strength. Known as threshold switching, this mechanism enables field-induced crystallization in emerging phase-change memory. Purely electronic as well as crystal nucleation assisted models have been employed to explain the electronic breakdown. Here, picosecond electric pulses are used to excite amorphous Ag$_4$In$_3$Sb$_{67}$Te$_{26}$. Field-dependent reversible changes in conductivity and pulse-driven crystallization are observed. The present results show that threshold switching can take place within the electric pulse on sub-picosecond time-scales - faster than crystals can nucleate. This supports purely electronic models of threshold switching and reveals potential applications as an ultrafast electronic switch.
description: 6 pages manuscript with 3 figures and 8 pages supplementary material
Additional file 1 of Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells
Creators: name: Zhang, Zijie
name: Cui, Shuyue
name: Fu, Yajing
name: Wang, Jixiao
name: Liu, Jiani
name: Wei, Fulan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Raw images of western blot used in the figures.
Additional file 1 of Enhancement of PD-L1-attenuated CAR-T cell function through breast cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived IL-6 signaling via STAT3/AKT pathways
Creators: name: Chuangchot, Nisa
name: Jamjuntra, Pranisa
name: Yangngam, Supaporn
name: Luangwattananun, Piriya
name: Thongchot, Suyanee
name: Junking, Mutita
name: Thuwajit, Peti
name: Yenchitsomanus, Pa-Thai
name: Thuwajit, Chanitra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplement Fig. 1. CAF-derived substances in different primary culture fibroblasts.
Fracture in Sheets Draped on Curved Surfaces
Creators: name: Mitchell, Noah P.
name: Koning, Vinzenz
name: Vitelli, Vincenzo
name: Irvine, William T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conforming materials to rigid substrates with Gaussian curvature --- positive for spheres and negative for saddles --- has proven a versatile tool to guide the self-assembly of defects such as scars, pleats, folds, blisters, and liquid crystal ripples. Here, we show how curvature can likewise be used to control material failure and guide the paths of cracks. In our experiments, and unlike in previous studies on cracked plates and shells, we constrained flat elastic sheets to adopt fixed curvature profiles. This constraint provides a geometric tool for controlling fracture behavior: curvature can stimulate or suppress the growth of cracks, and steer or arrest their propagation. A simple analytical model captures crack behavior at the onset of propagation, while a two-dimensional phase-field model with an added curvature term successfully captures the crack's path. Because the curvature-induced stresses are independent of material parameters for isotropic, brittle media, our results apply across scales.
description: Published in Nature Materials, 22 August 2016; updated to reflect changes since submission
Gravitational waves in Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmology, material perturbations and cosmological rotation, and the Huygens principle
Creators: name: Kulczycki, Wojciech
name: Malec, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze propagation equations for the polar modes of gravitational waves in cosmological space-times. We prove that polar gravitational waves must perturb the density and non-azimuthal components of the velocity of material medium of the Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker spacetimes. Axial gravitational waves can influence only the azimuthal velocity, leading to local cosmological rotation. The whole gravitational dynamics reduces to the single "master equation" that has the same form for polar and axial modes. That allows us to conclude that the status of the Huygens principle is the same for axial and polar gravitational waves. In particular, this principle is valid exactly in radiation spacetimes with the vanishing cosmological constant, and it is broken otherwise.
description: misprints corrected, matches version published in Classical and Quantum Gravity