cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Compensation of Horizontal Crabbing at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring Test Accelerator
Creators: name: Ehrlichman, M. P.
name: Chatterjee, A.
name: Hartung, W.
name: Heltsley, B.
name: Peterson, D. P.
name: Rider, N.
name: Rubin, D.
name: Sagan, D.
name: Shanks, J. P.
name: Wang, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In storage rings, horizontal dispersion in the rf cavities introduces horizontal-longitudinal (xz) coupling, contributing to beam tilt in the xz plane. This coupling can be characterized by a "crabbing" dispersion term ζa that appears in the normal mode decomposition of the 1-turn transfer matrix. ζa is proportional to the rf cavity voltage and the horizontal dispersion in the cavity. We report experiments at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring Test Accelerator (CesrTA) where xz coupling was explored using three lattices with distinct crabbing properties. We characterize the xz coupling for each case by measuring the horizontal projection of the beam with a beam size monitor. The three lattice configurations correspond to a) 16 mrad xz tilt at the beam size monitor source point, b) compensation of the ζa introduced by one of two pairs of RF cavities with the second, and c) zero dispersion in RF cavities, eliminating ζa entirely. Additionally, intrabeam scattering (IBS) is evident in our measurements of beam size vs. rf voltage.
description: 5 figures, 10 pages
Parametric Study of Flow Patterns behind the Standing Accretion Shock Wave for Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Iwakami, Wakana
name: Nagakura, Hiroki
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations systematically to investigate the flow patterns behind the accretion shock waves that are commonly formed in the post-bounce phase of core-collapse supernovae. Adding small perturbations to spherically symmetric, steady, shocked accretion flows, we compute the subsequent evolutions to find what flow pattern emerges as a consequence of hydrodynamical instabilities such as convection and standing accretion shock instability (SASI) for different neutrino luminosities and mass accretion rates. Depending on these two controlling parameters, various flow patterns are indeed realized. We classify them into three basic patterns and two intermediate ones; the former includes sloshing motion (SL), spiral motion (SP) and multiple buoyant bubble formation (BB); the latter consists of spiral motion with buoyant-bubble formation (SPB) and spiral motion with pulsationally changing rotational velocities (SPP). Although the post-shock flow is highly chaotic, there is a clear trend in the pattern realization. The sloshing and spiral motions tend to be dominant for high accretion rates and low neutrino luminosities, and multiple buoyant bubbles prevail for low accretion rates and high neutrino luminosities. It is interesting that the dominant pattern is not always identical between the semi-nonlinear and nonlinear phases near the critical luminosity; the intermediate cases are realized in the latter case. Running several simulations with different random perturbations, we confirm that the realization of flow pattern is robust in most cases.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 54 pages, 20 figures, 3 table
Heterogeneous GNN-RL Based Task Offloading for UAV-aided Smart Agriculture
Creators: name: Pamuklu, Turgay
name: Syed, Aisha
name: Kennedy, W. Sean
name: Erol-Kantarci, Melike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Having unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with edge computing capability hover over smart farmlands supports Internet of Things (IoT) devices with low processing capacity and power to accomplish their deadline-sensitive tasks efficiently and economically. In this work, we propose a graph neural network-based reinforcement learning solution to optimize the task offloading from these IoT devices to the UAVs. We conduct evaluations to show that our approach reduces task deadline violations while also increasing the mission time of the UAVs by optimizing their battery usage. Moreover, the proposed solution has increased robustness to network topology changes and is able to adapt to extreme cases, such as the failure of a UAV.
ภาวะภูมิคุ้มกันต่อโรคไข้สมองอักเสบเจอี ในประชากรไทย
Creators: name: พรศักดิ์ อยู่เจริญ
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2552
Subjects: ไข้สมองอักเสบเจอี
ความชุกของระดับภูมิคุ้มกัน

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 35, 4, 206-211
title: Learn, achieve, live, succeed : the perspectives of looked after children on success
Creators: name: Huxtable, Robbie
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2016

description: This paper outlines a study which investigated the views of eight looked after children on what it means to be successful in school. The participants were aged 12-14 and lived and attended school in rural south west Scotland. The study adopted semi-structured interviews which were analysed using Framework Analysis. The analysis identified three arenas for success: Learn, Achieve and Live as well two types of success: Success-as-development and Success-as-goal. The impact of teachers on each of these arenas was evident and was considered most influential in the Learning and Achieving arenas. Factors affecting all arenas, such as the role of the classroom secondary teacher on provision for looked after children are discussed as well as implications of the research on future practice.
On the uniqueness of t->0+ quantum transition-state theory
Creators: name: Hele, Timothy J. H.
name: Althorpe, Stuart C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown recently that there exists a true quantum transition-state theory (QTST) corresponding to the t->0+ limit of a (new form of) quantum flux-side time-correlation function. Remarkably, this QTST is identical to ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) TST. Here we provide evidence which suggests very strongly that this QTST (= RPMD-TST) is unique, in the sense that the t->0+ limit of any other flux-side time-correlation function gives either non-positive-definite quantum statistics or zero. We introduce a generalized flux-side time-correlation function which includes all other (known) flux-side time-correlation functions as special limiting cases. We find that the only non-zero t->0+ limit of this function that contains positive-definite quantum statistics is RPMD-TST.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. Typographical errors corrected, references updated and added
Examining Uranus' zeta ring in Voyager 2 Wide-Angle-Camera Observations: Quantifying the Ring's Structure in 1986 and its Modifications prior to the Year 2007
Creators: name: Hedman, M. M.
name: Regan, I.
name: Becker, T.
name: Brooks, S. M.
name: de Pater, I.
name: Showalter, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zeta ring is the innermost component of the Uranian ring system. It is of scientific interest because its morphology changed significantly between the Voyager 2 encounter in 1986 and subsequent Earth-based observations around 2007. It is also of practical interest because some Uranus mission concepts have the spacecraft pass through the inner flank of this ring. Recent re-examinations of the Voyager 2 images have revealed additional information about this ring that provide a more complete picture of the ring's radial brightness profile and phase function. These data reveal that this ring's brightness varies with phase angle in a manner similar to other tenuous rings, consistent with it being composed primarily of sub-millimeter-sized particles. The total cross section of particles within this ring can also be estimated from these data, but translating that number into the actual risk to a spacecraft flying through this region depends on a number of model-dependent parameters. Fortunately, comparisons with Saturn's G and D rings allows the zeta-ring's particle number density to be compared with regions previously encountered by the Voyager and Cassini spacecraft. Finally, these data indicate that the observed changes in the zeta-ring's structure between 1986 and 2007 are primarily due to a substantial increase in the amount of dust at distances between 38,000 km and 40,000 km from Uranus' center.
description: 28 Pages, 12 Figures, Accepted for publication in PSJ, fixed a few small issues found in the proofs
„Homegrown Terrorism“
Creators: name: Riexinger, Martin
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Hinwendung junger Muslime in Großbritannien zum Terrorismus ist nicht allein der Außenpolitik der Regierung Blair zuzuschreiben. Eine beträchtliche Minderheit der britischen Muslime war bereits vor dem Irak-Krieg radikalisiert. Begünstigt wurde dies auch durch eine Politik, die in fragwürdiger Weise die ethnische Fragmentierung der Gesellschaft begünstigte.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Variability Analysis of Isolated Intersections Through Case Study
Creators: name: M, Savithramma R
name: Sumathi, R
name: S, Sudhira H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Population and economic growth of urban areas have led to intensive use of private vehicles, thereby increasing traffic volume and congestion on roads. The traffic management in the city is a challenge for concerned authorities, and the signalized intersections are the primary interest of traffic management. Interpreting traffic patterns and current traffic signal operations can provide thorough insights to take appropriate actions. In this view, a comprehensive study is conducted at selected intersections from Tumakuru (tier-2 city), Karnataka, India. Data estimates traffic parameters such as saturation flow, composition, volume, and volume-to-capacity ratio. The statistical results currently confirm the stable traffic condition but do not ensure sustainability. The volume-to-capacity ratio is greater than 0.73 along three major arterial roads of study intersections, indicating congestion in the future as the traffic volume is increasing gradually, as per the Directorate of Urban Land Use and Transportation, Government of Karnataka. The statistical results obtained through the current study uphold the report. The empirical results showed 40% of green time wastage at one of the study intersections, which results in additional waiting delays, thereby increasing fuel consumption and emissions. The overall service level of the study intersections is of class C based on computed delay and volume-to-capacity ratio. The study suggests possible treatments for improving the service level at the intersection operations and sustaining the city's stable traffic condition. The study supports city traffic management authorities in identifying suitable treatment and implementing accordingly.
Riemannian Trust Region Method for Minimization of Fourth Central Moment for Localized Molecular Orbitals
Creators: name: Sepehri, Aliakbar
name: Li, Run R.
name: Hoffmann, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of Localized Molecular Orbitals in correlation treatments beyond mean-field calculation and in the illustration of chemical bonding can hardly be overstated. However, generation of orthonormal localized occupied MOs is significantly more straightforward than obtaining orthonormal localized virtual MOs. Orthonormal molecular orbitals allow facile use of highly efficient group theoretical methods for calculation of Hamiltonian matrix elements in multireference configuration interaction calculations and in quasidegenerate perturbation treatments, such as the GVVPT2 Theory. Moreover, localized MOs can elucidate qualitative understanding of bonding in molecules, in addition to high accuracy quantitative descriptions. We adopt the powers of the fourth moment cost function introduced by Jørgensen and coworkers. Because the fourth moment cost functions are prone to having multiple negative Hessian eigenvalues when starting from easily available canonical MOs, standard optimization algorithms can fail to obtain the orbitals of the virtual or partially occupied spaces. To overcome this drawback, we applied a Trust Region algorithm on an orthonormal Riemannian manifold with an approximate retraction from the tangent space built into first and second derivatives of the cost function. Moreover, the Riemannian Trust Region outer iterations were coupled to truncated conjugate gradient inner loops, which avoided any costly solutions of simultaneous linear equations or eigenvector/eigenvalue solutions. Numerical examples are provided on model systems, including the high connectivity H10 set in 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional arrangements, and on a chemically realistic description of cyclobutadiene, and the propargyl radical. In addition to demonstrating the algorithm on occupied and virtual blocks of orbitals, the method is also shown to work on the active space at the MCSCF level of theory.
The Numerically Optimized Regulator and the Functional Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Marian, I. G.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Nandori, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to optimize the functional form of the compactly supported smooth (CSS) regulator within the functional renormalization group (RG), in the framework of bosonized two-dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics (QED_2) and of the three-dimensional O(N=1) scalar field theory in the local potential approximation (LPA). The principle of minimal sensitivity (PMS) is used for the optimization of the CSS regulator, recovering all the major types of regulators in appropriate limits. Within the investigated class of functional forms, a thorough investigation of the CSS regulator, optimized with two different normalizations within the PMS method, confirms that the functional form of a regulator first proposed by Litim is optimal within the LPA. However, Litim's exact form leads to a kink in the regulator function. A form of the CSS regulator, numerically close to Litim's limit while maintaining infinite differentiability, remains compatible with the gradient expansion to all orders. A smooth analytic behaviour of the regulator is ensured by a small, but finite value of the exponential fall-off parameter in the CSS regulator. Consequently, a compactly supported regulator, in a parameter regime close to Litim's optimized form, but regularized with an exponential factor, appears to have favorable properties and could be used to address the scheme dependence of the functional renormalization group, at least within the the approximations employed in the studies reported here.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, final version, published in Journal of Physics G
title: Hydrographic Surveying DGPS Scow for Bathymetric Determinations in Protected Coastal Waters
Creators: name: Neider, Cory Lee
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Bathymetric monitoring (hydrographic surveying) is a continuously evolving practice for determining the existing elevation and gradation of the surface bottom for a given body of water. This practice is essential for the generation of navigational charts and maps. To ensure safe passage, surveys are conducted to monitor navigational channels for underwater obstructions (i.e. pipelines, anchoring, wrecks, etc.), silt deposits and sediment transport processes.

Human civilization has impacted all facets of our global environment and we have just begun to understand the damage that is inflicted upon the Earth by human influence. Construction of marine structures upstream can have drastic effects on sediment transport processes and can cause erosion and accretion in areas not typically subjected to these processes. Therefore monitoring of these affected environments is conducted to determine if these marine structures are detrimentally affecting the environment.

There are multiple survey methods that range from the lead line and "rod and level" methods, which have been employed by the United States Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) since 1930s, to the advanced sleds and LIDAR systems in use today. However, some private companies are now designing and constructing their own devices to perform hydrographic surveying. For example, "Waterway Survey & Engineering Limited", a local surveying company, has built a Jet Ski mounted with a Digital Global Positioning System (DGPS) and single beam acoustical fathometer to perform these surveys. The hydrography industry has taken on the challenge of designing and constructing surveying devices that are cost economical and more labor efficient . Still, a device even smaller is needed to perform these surveys in shallow protected coastal areas and needs to be portable, cost economical and less labor intensive.

In this report we have designed and constructed a single device that can be handled by one person and utilizes DGPS in conjunction with a Single Beam Acoustical fathometer to perform a quick and accurate survey. A control survey was conducted using lead line methodology to verify the accuracy of the scow survey. This report shows that this new scow performs a quick and accurate survey, while reducing overall labor costs.
In Karatschi gehen die Lichter aus
Creators: name: Rosemann, Nils
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Der aktuelle Entwicklungsbericht der Vereinten Nationen geht davon aus, dass 38 Prozent der pakistanischen Bevölkerung, das sind zirka 60,8 Millionen Menschen, unterhalb der Armutsgrenze leben. 65,6 Prozent oder knapp 105 Millionen Menschen müssen ihr Überleben mit weniger als zwei Dollar am Tag sichern. Nach Statistiken der pakistanischen Regierung leben 32,6 Prozent, das sind etwas mehr als 52 Millionen Einwohner Pakistans, von einem geringeren Einkommen als dem monatlichen Mindestlohn von 4.000 Pakistanische Rupien (zirka 52 Euro).
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
The Hadronic Final State at HERA
Creators: name: Newman, Paul
name: Wing, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadronic final state in electron-proton collisions at HERA has provided a rich testing ground for development of the theory of the strong force, QCD. In this review, over 200 publications from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations are summarised. Short distance physics, the measurement of processes at high energy scales, has provided rigorous tests of perturbative QCD and constrained the structure of the proton as well as allowing precise measurements of the strong coupling constant to be made. Non-perturbative or low energy processes have also been investigated and results on hadronisation interpreted together with those from other experiments. Searches for exotic QCD objects, such as pentaquarks, glueballs and instantons have been performed. The subject of diffraction has been re-invigorated through its precise measurement, such that it can now be described by perturbative QCD. After discussion of HERA, the H1 and ZEUS detectors and the techniques used to reconstruct differing hadronic final states, the above subject areas are elaborated. The major achievements are then condensed further in a final section summarising what has been learned.
description: 60 pages, 65 figures, submitted to Reviews of Modern Physics. Updated version includes comments to the text from journal referees
Individual project on theme "Eritrichium" (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Mazko Olesya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Мазко Олеси по теме "Eritrichium" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
title: Regimes Políticos
Creators: name: Coutinho, Luís Pereira
Publisher: name: IFILNOVA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2020

description: A categoria dos regimes políticos consubstancia um lugar central – porventura, olugar central – da evolução da Política enquanto teoria ou ciência. Nessa medida, o seu significado não se deixa encerrar numa fórmula, apenas se podendo capturar com referência aos diferentes estratos dessa evolução. A definição de “regime político” dependeu, na verdade, do modo como, em cada um deles, se concebeu o fenómeno político. Na impossibilidade de registar cabalmente todos os passos dessa evolução, optamos aqui por nos deter nalguns momentos decisivos. Começaremos por verificar que, na linha de Aristóteles, a Política concebeu-se como ciência dos regimes políticos, tendo-se destes uma determinada aceção conexa com a conceção do homem como “animal político”. Essa linha não resistiu à Modernidade, não resistindo também a correspondente aceção de “regimes políticos”, agora reduzidos a “formas de governo” ou “formas do poder” do Estado, centro de uma nova ciência política . Verificaremos ainda que a primeira metade do século XX assistiu a um ressurgimento da teoria dos regimes políticos, assim num cenário de crise e mesmo destruição do Estado moderno. Essa multiplicidade de estratos teóricos reflete-se em diferentes leituras possíveis do que se deva contemporaneamente entender como uma “Constituição”, aspeto a tratar por último.
description: Coutinho, L. P. “Regimes Políticos”. Dicionário de Filosofia Moral e Política (2020), 2.ª série, coord. António Marques e André Santos Campos. Lisboa: Instituto de Filosofia da Nova. ISSN 2184-4445
Failure to Reproduce the Results of "A new transferable interatomic potential for molecular dynamics simulations of borosilicate glasses''
Creators: name: Coudert, François-Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reproduced the simulations described in Wang et al [J. Non-Cryst. Sol., 498 (2018) 294-304] and found we could not obtain the results reported. The root cause was identified to be incorrect atom masses in the original simulation files. As a consequence, the potential does not reproduce the experimental glass density -- and presumably, other structural properties -- and should be considered with great caution.
Binding Energetics of Substitutional and Interstitial Helium and Di-Helium Defects with Grain Boundary Structure in alpha-Fe
Creators: name: Tschopp, M. A.
name: Gao, F.
name: Yang, L.
name: Solanki, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation/binding energetics and length scales associated with the interaction between He atoms and grain boundaries in BCC alpha-Fe was explored. Ten different low Sigma grain boundaries from the <100> and <110> symmetric tilt grain boundary systems were used. In this work, we then calculated formation/binding energies for 1-2 He atoms in the substitutional and interstitial sites (HeV, He2V, HeInt, He2Int) at all potential grain boundary sites within 15 Angstroms of the boundary (52826 simulations total). The present results provide detailed information about the interaction energies and length scales of 1-2 He atoms with grain boundaries for the structures examined. A number of interesting new findings emerge from the present study. For instance, we find that the Sigma3(112) twin boundary in BCC Fe possesses a much smaller binding energy than other boundaries, which corresponds in long time dynamics simulations to the ability of an interstitial He defect to break away from the boundary in simulations on the order of nanoseconds, in contrast to other boundaries. Additionally, we find that the calculated formation/binding energies for substitutional He (i.e., He in a monovacancy) correlates well (R>0.9) with interstitial He, substitutional He2, and interstitial He2 energies for the same atomic site. This correlation asserts that the local environment surrounding each site strongly influences the He defect energies and that highly accurate quantum mechanics calculations of lower order defects may be an adequate predictor of higher order defects. The present work shows that the binding and formation energies for He defects are important for understanding the physics of He diffusion and trapping by grain boundaries, which can be important for modeling He interactions in polycrystalline steels.
Search for the Galactic accelerators of Cosmic-Rays up to the Knee with the Pevatron Test Statistic
Creators: name: Angüner, E. O.
name: Spengler, G.
name: Amato, E.
name: Casanova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pevatron Test Statistic (PTS) is applied to data from $γ$-ray observatories to test for the origin of Cosmic Rays (CRs) at energies around the knee of the CR spectrum. Several sources are analyzed within hadronic emission models. Previously derived results for RX J1713.7$-$3946, Vela Jr., and HESS J1745$-$290 are confirmed to demonstrate the concept, reliability, and advantages of the PTS. It is excluded with a significance more than $5σ$ that the sources RX J1713.7$-$3946 and Vela Jr. are Pevatrons, while strong indications exceeding $4σ$ are found for excluding HESS J1745$-$290 as a Pevatron. The importance to resolve source confusion with high angular resolution observations for Pevatrons searches is demonstrated using PTS for the region containing the SNR G106.3+2.7 and the Boomerang nebula. No statistically significant conclusion with respect to Pevatron associations could be drawn from this region, for the diffuse $γ$-ray emission around the Galactic Center, and the unidentified $γ$-ray sources LHAASO J2108$+$5157, HESS J1702$-$420A and MGRO J1908$+$06. Assuming the entire $γ$-ray emission from MGRO J1908+06 and the tail region of SNR G106.3+2.7 is hadronic, a statistical indication exceeding $3σ$ is found for the underlying proton spectrum to extend beyond 350$-$400 TeV as a power-law. This result can indicate that these sources are proton and helium Pevatrons, in which the accelerated particles contribute to the knee of proton and helium spectra observed at Earth.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 16 pages, 9 figures
Derivation of a true (t->0+) quantum transition-state theory. II. Recovery of the exact quantum rate in the absence of recrossing
Creators: name: Althorpe, Stuart C.
name: Hele, Timothy J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Part I [J. Chem. Phys. 138, 084108 (2013)] we derived a quantum transition-state theory by taking the t->0+ (short-time) limit of a new form of quantum flux-side time-correlation function containing a ring-polymer dividing surface. This t->0+ limit appears to be unique in giving positive-definite Boltzmann statistics, and is identical to ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) TST. Here, we show that quantum TST (i.e. RPMD-TST) is exact if there is no recrossing (by the real-time quantum dynamics) of the ring-polymer dividing surface, nor of any surface orthogonal to it in the space describing fluctuations in the polymer-bead positions along the reaction coordinate. In practice, this means that RPMD-TST gives a good approximation to the exact quantum rate for direct reactions, provided the temperature is not too far below the cross-over to deep tunnelling. We derive these results by comparing the long-time limit of the ring-polymer flux-side time-correlation function with that of a hybrid flux-side time-correlation function (containing a ring-polymer flux operator and a Miller-Schwarz-Tromp side function), and by representing the resulting ring-polymer momentum integrals as hypercubes. Together with Part I, the results of this article validate a large number of RPMD calculations of reaction rates.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Argument and wording clarified, typographical errors corrected and references added
What are the long-term symptoms and complications of COVID-19: a protocol for a living systematic review
Creators: name: Michelen, Melina
name: Sigfrid, Louise
name: Manoharan, Lakshmi
name: Elkheir, Natalie
name: Hastie, Claire E.
name: O'Hara, Margaret
name: Suett, Jake
name: Cheng, Vincent
name: Burls, Amanda
name: Foote, Carol
name: Stavropoulou, Charitini
Publisher: name: City, University of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Although the majority of patients with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderatesymptoms and will recover fully, there is now increasing evidence that a significant proportion will experience persistent symptoms for weeks or months after the acute phase of the illness. These symptoms include, among others, fatigue, problems in breathing, lack of smell and taste, headaches, and also depression and anxiety. It has also become clear that the virus has lasting effects not only on the respiratory system but also on other parts of the body, including the heart, liver, and the nervous system. In this paper we present a protocol for a living systematic review that aims to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence and duration of symptoms and clinical features of post-acute COVID-19 and its long-term complications. The living systematic review will be updated regularly, initially monthly with update cycles under continuous review as the pace of new evidence generated develops through the pandemic. We will include studies that follow up with COVID-19 patients who have experienced persistent mild, moderate or severe symptoms, with no restrictions regarding country, setting, or language. We will use descriptive statistics to analyse the data and our findings will be presented as infographics to facilitate transcription to lay audiences. Ultimately, we aim to support the work of policy makers, practitioners, and patients when planning rehabilitation for those recovering from COVID-19. The protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020211131).
Finite time extinction for stochastic sign fast diffusion and self-organized criticality
Creators: name: Gess, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 60H15, Secondary: 34C28, 37F99

description: We prove finite time extinction for stochastic sign fast diffusion equations driven by linear multiplicative space-time noise, corresponding to the Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld model for self-organized criticality. This solves a problem posed and left open in several works: [Barbu, Da Prato, Röckner, CMP, 2009], [Barbu, Da Prato, Röckner, CRMAS, 2009], [Barbu, Röckner, CMP, 2012], [Barbu, Da Prato, Röckner, JMAA, 2012], [Röckner, Wang, JMLS, 2013], [Barbu, MMAS, 2013]. The highly singular-degenerate nature of the drift in interplay with the stochastic perturbation causes the need for new methods in the analysis of mass diffusion and several new estimates and techniques are introduced.
description: 37 pages; some references added
Wird Afghanistan zunehmend zur no go-area?
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Constanze
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Afghanistan hat in den letzten Monaten zahlreiche heftige Anschläge erlebt und steht wieder vermehrt im Zentrum der Medienberichterstattung. Man hat den Eindruck, dass dabei nur von der prekären Sicherheitslage im Süden und Südosten des Landes gesprochen wird, einer Situation, an die sich die Weltöffentlichkeit in den so genannten „no go-areas“ schon gewöhnt hat. Nun wird aber zunehmend auch die Hauptstadt Kabul und sogar der relativ „sichere“ Norden des Landes Ziel massiver militärischer Attacken.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
„Willkommen im Mittelalter“
Creators: name: Schetter, Conrad
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: „Wir haben Fehler gemacht“ räumte jüngst Tom Königs, der UN-Sondergesandte für Afghanistan, in einem Interview ein. Wie man aus vergangenen Erfahrungen weiß, ist solch ein Zugeständnis von Seiten der Vereinten Nationen ein höchst alarmierendes Signal dafür, dass ein politischer Prozess in eine Sackgasse geraten ist, aus der es kaum noch einen Ausweg gibt. Daher stellen sich gegenwärtig dringender denn je die Fragen, was ist in den letzten fünf Jahren falsch gelaufen, in denen die internationale Gemeinschaft bemüht war, den Wiederaufbau in Afghanistan in Gang zu setzen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Hadronic gamma-Z box corrections in M\oller scattering
Creators: name: Hall, N. L.
name: Blunden, P. G.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Young, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of measuring the parity-violating asymmetry in M\oller scattering with sufficient accuracy to determine sin^2 theta_W to 0.1% offers a complementary path to the discovery of new physics to that followed at high energy colliders. We present a new calculation of the gamma-Z box contribution to parity-violating electron-proton scattering, which constitutes an important uncertainty in computing the background to this process. We show that while the gamma-Z correction grows rapidly with energy, it can be relatively well constrained by data from parity-violating inelastic scattering and parton distribution functions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Zwischen den Stühlen
Creators: name: Platz, Roland
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Manchmal sind es mehr als 10 Personen, die in qualvoller Enge auf einer Fläche von drei Quadratmetern hausen. Es sind Rohingyas, muslimische Flüchtlinge aus dem Nachbarland Myanmar (Birma). Ein Teil von ihnen lebt schon seit 1992 in den Flüchtlingslagern Nayapara und Kutupalong. Beide liegen südlich von Cox’s Bazar in der Region Chittagong im südöstlichen Bangladesch und in beiden sind die gleichen Missstände anzutreffen: Mangelnde Hygiene, Wasserknappheit, unzureichende Versorgung mit Nahrungsmitteln und zu wenig medizinische Betreuung. Arbeiten ist offiziell verboten, Schule gibt es nur für Kinder im Grundschulalter. Shoyebur Rahman, Chef der Flüchtlingsbehörde Bangladeschs klagt das im Land tätige UN Flüchtlingskommissariat (UNHCR) an, es verhindere durch seine anti-birmesische Propaganda die Rückkehr der Flüchtlinge in ihre Heimat.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Thermal and quantum fluctuations of harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Tanaka, Shigenori
name: Komeiji, Yuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the positional fluctuations of a quantum harmonic oscillator in a heat bath. Analytic expressions are given for the probability distribution functions of the oscillator position in general and limiting (classical and ground state) cases.
description: 4 pages, no figure
New solvable sigma models in plane--parallel wave background
Creators: name: Hlavaty, Ladislav
name: Petr, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83D99, 53Z05

description: We explicitly solve the classical equations of motion for strings in backgrounds obtained as non-abelian T-duals of a homogeneous isotropic plane-parallel wave. To construct the dual backgrounds, semi-abelian Drinfeld doubles are used which contain the isometry group of the homogeneous plane wave metric. The dual solutions are then found by the Poisson-Lie transformation of the explicit solution of the original homogeneous plane wave background. Investigating their Killing vectors, we have found that the dual backgrounds can be transformed to the form of more general plane-parallel waves.
description: Revised version, 27 pages
MateFacil : Increasing the tools available for Math teachers and improving K-6 students’ outcomes in Peru
Creators: name: Dai, Weixian
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: K6
subject: COVID-19
subject: Math

description: Education is an everlastingly debated topic amongst people. As a new ramification of this new era, online study platforms have developed as the high-technology industry has grown so quickly and generated a considerable number of products with a high popularity in recent years. Most students and families take advantage of online study's ease, convenience, and efficiency. However, they did not imagine that, one day in the future, online study would be the dominant route for them to receive academic knowledge. The COVID-19 limited on-site classes; therefore, most schools, including primary schools, middle schools, high schools, and universities, granted teachings via online study platforms. Zoom and Canvas have become two closest study partners accompanying students during the pandemic. Different levels of accessibility to electronic devices and the Internet significantly impact students' progress in learning. The reports show that the difference in learning progress among the same-grade students in developing contexts with a deficiency of online study resources enlarged after experiencing a two-year pandemic (Dorn, 2021). As the world is gradually recovering from the pandemic, it is essential for teachers, educators, and schools, to think about how to help students to catch up or shorten the gap among the same-grade students. This writing will analyze an existing math curriculum, JUMP Math Curriculum, and develop a business proposal to operate an online study platform, open for both educational departments (organizations) in Peru and investors to improve the learning efficiency and further bridge the gap.
Through the Looking Glass: Mirrors, Magic, and Vanity in Early Modern Europe
Creators: name: Goulart, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 18th century France
subject: mirrors
subject: French cultural history
subject: French intellectual history

description: From being items of great mystery and magic to items of quotidian ubiquity, mirrors have a long and fascinating history. This paper seeks to identify the use of mirrors as metaphors in art and literature, with a primary focus on eighteenth-century France, especially as they relate to the idea of vanity. It also pays special attention to socio-economic developments in the early modern period regarding the widening availability of crystal flat-backed mirrors to argue that the new widespread use of these more accurate mirrors gave ordinary people new tools to be vain, heralding new developments toward our modern world.
T3B - An Experiment to measure the Time Structure of Hadronic Showers
Creators: name: Simon, Frank
name: Soldner, Christian
name: Weuste, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of the T3B experiment is the measurement of the time structure of hadronic showers with nanosecond precision and high spatial resolution together with the CALICE hadron calorimeter prototypes, with a focus on the use of tungsten as absorber medium. The detector consists of a strip of 15 scintillator cells individually read out by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and fast oscilloscopes with a PC-controlled data acquisition system. The data reconstruction uses an iterative subtraction technique which provides a determination of the arrival time of each photon on the light sensor with sub-nanosecond precision. The calibration is based on single photon-equivalent dark pulses constantly recorded during data taking, automatically eliminating the temperature dependence of the SiPM gain. In addition, a statistical correction for SiPM afterpulsing is demonstrated. To provide the tools for a comparison of T3B data with GEANT4 simulations, a digitization routine, which accounts for the detector response to energy deposits in the detector, has been implemented.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, published in JINST
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: FROM TEACHING TO LEARNING, A PEDAGOGICAL REFLECTION
Creators: name: dos Anjos Rodrigues, Ivson
name: Soares da Silva, Jair
name: Oliveira de Andrade, Márcio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is still seeking greater space in teaching and learning, even with the growing academic debate, there is still a need for ethical legitimization, this challenge will still depend on a development on the subject, through incentives and investments in technology. Given this scenario, what are the thoughts on artificial intelligence in teaching and learning? The general aim of this study was therefore to carry out a literature review on artificial intelligence in teaching and learning. The research was bibliographical with a qualitative approach, seeking to bring a reflection on the subject. We found that artificial intelligence is advancing in the academic context, but that there are still difficulties in implementing it, due to ethical issues and technological development. We conclude that pedagogical reflection must be continuous, as AI is an essential tool.
Als Friedensarbeiter in Jaffna
Creators: name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Seit Februar 2005 arbeitet Alfons Schabarum als Friedensfachkraft in einem auf deutscher Seite von Pax Christi (Katholische Friedensbewegung) und der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Entwicklungshilfe (AGEH) getragenen Projekt des Zivilen Friedensdienstes (ZFD). Partner vor Ort ist der Oblatenorden, Direktor des Zentrums Father J.J. Bernard. Alfons Schabarum ist Berater und Trainer im Centre for Peace and Reconciliation in Jaffna. Aus Sicherheitsgründen musste er Jaffna Ende April verlassen. Ende Juni war er nach einer Fortbildung in den USA kurz vor seiner Rückkehr nach Sri Lanka noch einmal im Rheinland. Im folgenden Interview, das kurz vor der Rückkehr nach Sri Lanka entstand, werden Dimensionen und Chancen dieses Friedensprojekts deutlich. Im Zuge der militärischen Eskalation zwischen Armee und LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) wurden im August praktisch alle Ausländer aus Jaffna evakuiert und Alfons Schabarum hält sich zur Zeit in Colombo auf.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
The Spin of Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole spin is a quantity of great interest to both physicists and astrophysicists. We review the current status of spin measurements in supermassive black holes (SMBH). To date, every robust SMBH spin measurement uses X-ray reflection spectroscopy, so we focus almost exclusively on this technique as applied to moderately-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN). After describing the foundations and uncertainties of the method, we summarize the current status of the field. At the time of writing, observations by XMM-Newton, Suzaku and NuSTAR have given robust spin constraints on 22 SMBHs. We find a significant number of rapidly-rotating SMBHs (with dimensionless spin parameters a>0.9) although, especially at the higher masses (M>4*10^7Msun), there are also some SMBHs with intermediate spin parameters. This may be giving us our first hint at a mass-dependent spin distribution which would, in turn, provide interesting constraints on models for SMBH growth. We also discuss the recent discovery of relativistic X-ray reverberation which we can use to "echo map" the innermost regions of the accretion disk. The ultimate development of these reverberation techniques, when applied to data from future high-throughput X-ray observatories such as LOFT, ATHENA+, and AXSIO, will permit the measurement of black hole spin by a characterization of strong-field Shapiro delays. We conclude with a brief discussion of other electromagnetic methods that have been attempted or are being developed to constrain SMBH spin.
description: Invited article accepted for publication in the focus issue on astrophysical black holes in Classical and Quantum Gravity, guest editors: D. Merritt and L. Rezzolla. Minor revisions based on referee report and other feedback
Marmota bobak
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Marmota
Marmota bobak

description: Marmota bobak (Müller, 1776). Linné's Vollstand. Natursyst. Suppl., p. 40. TYPE LOCALITY: " Poland." Restricted by Ognev (1963a:221) to "right [W] bank of the Dnepr" [River], Ukraine. DISTRIBUTION: Steppes of E Europe, east through Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia to N and C Kazakhstan. STATUS: Regaining parts of former range (Bibikov, 1991). SYNONYMS: arctomys (Pallas, 1779); baibac (Pallas, 1811); bobac (Schreber, 1780); kozlovi Fokanov, 1966; tschaganensis Bazhanov, 1930. COMMENTS: See comments under baibacina, himalayana, and sibirica. Includes kozlovi (see Fokanov, 1966) and tschaganensis (see Gromov et al., 1965).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 431, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Ognev, S. I. 1963 a. Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries: Rodents (continued). (Mammals of eastern Europe and northern Asia) [A translation of S. I. Ognev, 1947, Zveri SSSR i prilezhashchikh stran: Gryzuny (prodolzhenie). (Zveri vostochnoi Evropy i severnoi Azii)]. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 5: 1 - 662.", "Bibikov, D. I. 1991. The steppe marmot- - its past and future. Oryx, 25: 45 - 49.", "Pallas, P. S. 1811 [1831]. Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium Animalium in extenso Imperio Rossico et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicillia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. [ICZN Opinion 212 -- dates of volumes: 1 & 2: 1811; 3: 1814]. Petropoli, in officina Caes. acadamiae scientiarum. 3 vol. [official date of publ for vol 1 - 1811 impress], 1: 1 - 568.", "Fokanov, V. A. 1966. Novyi podvid surka-baibaka i zamechaniya o geograficheskoi izmenchivosti Marmota bobac Mull. [A new subspecies of bobak marmot, and notes on geographical variability of Marmota bobac Mull.]. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 45: 1862 - 1866 (in Russian).", "Gromov, I. M., D. I. Bibikov, N. I. Kalabukhov, and M. N. N. Meier. 1965. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom. 3, vyp. 2 [Fauna of the U. S. S. R. Mammals. vol. 3, No. 2]. Nazemnye belich'e [Ground Squirrels]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 467 pp. (in Russian)."]}