cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One new species of the genus Cotugnia Diamare, 1893 (Cestoda: Davainiedae, Braun, 1900) as C. manishae n. sp. from Columba livia at Amravati, M.S., India
Creators: name: Shaikh, Ishrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Veterinary parasitology

description: This paper contains the description of a new species of genus Cotugnia (Diamare, 1893). It differs from all the earlier reported species, in having scolex, large, quadrangular, muscular; suckers medium, oval; rostellum large, oval; rostellar hooks 110-120, small, straight, single pronged; mature segments medium, craspedote, quadrangular, testes 85-95 (90), small, oval; cirrus pouch large, cylindrical, ovary medium, oval, in a single mass; vagina thin, posterior to the cirrus pouch
Appendix S2 from The two oxpecker species reveal the role of movement rates and foraging intensity in species coexistence.
Creators: name: Péron, Guillaume
name: Bonenfant, Christophe
name: Gagnon, Roxanne
name: Mabika, Cheryl T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Approximate Bayesian Computing algorithm.
Appendix S1 from The two oxpecker species reveal the role of movement rates and foraging intensity in species coexistence
Creators: name: Péron, Guillaume
name: Bonenfant, Christophe
name: Gagnon, Roxanne
name: Mabika, Cheryl T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: R-code to estimate the rate of misidentification in a two-species, three-observer setting.
Visibility moments and power spectrum of turbulence velocity
Creators: name: Dutta, Prasun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we introduce moments of visibility function and discuss how those can be used to estimate the power spectrum of the turbulent velocity of external spiral galaxies. We perform numerical simulation to confirm the credibility of this method and found that for galaxies with lower inclination angles it works fine. This is the only method to estimate the power spectrum of the turbulent velocity fluctuation in the ISM of the external galaxies.
description: Accepted for Publication, MNRAS Letters on 2015 November 10
(807) John Turner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(808) John Henry Wade
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
District Attorney Partisanship and County-Conservatism as Predictors of Jail Admissions
Creators: name: Mo Van de Sompel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Past research on the effects of District Attorney partisanship has not accounted for the level of conservatism in the county, a likely confounding variable. I build a theoretical model where DAs are influenced but not completely beholden to the preferences of their constituents and use a fixed-effects regression to show that, when controlling for county-conservatism, the effect of DA partisanship on jail and prison admissions largely disappears, except in the case of rural counties. This implies that, for the most part, DAs are simply implementing the preferred policy of their constituents, not allowing their partisanship to influence them.
COSMOS2020: Manifold Learning to Estimate Physical Parameters in Large Galaxy Surveys
Creators: name: Davidzon, I.
name: Jegatheesan, K.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Leslie, S. K.
name: Laigle, C.
name: Hemmati, S.
name: Masters, D. C.
name: Blanquez-Sese, D.
name: Kauffmann, O. B.
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Małek, K.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Moneti, A.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Shuntov, M.
name: Toft, S.
name: Weaver, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method to estimate galaxy physical properties from spectral energy distributions (SEDs), alternate to template fitting techniques and based on self-organizing maps (SOM) to learn the high-dimensional manifold of a photometric galaxy catalog. The method has been previously tested with hydrodynamical simulations in Davidzon et al. (2019) while here is applied to real data for the first time. It is crucial for its implementation to build the SOM with a high quality, panchromatic data set, which we elect to be the "COSMOS2020" galaxy catalog. After the training and calibration steps with COSMOS2020, other galaxies can be processed through SOM to obtain an estimate of their stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR). Both quantities result to be in good agreement with independent measurements derived from more extended photometric baseline, and also their combination (i.e., the SFR vs. stellar mass diagram) shows a main sequence of star forming galaxies consistent with previous studies. We discuss the advantages of this method compared to traditional SED fitting, highlighting the impact of having, instead of the usual synthetic templates, a collection of empirical SEDs built by the SOM in a "data-driven" way. Such an approach also allows, even for extremely large data sets, an efficient visual inspection to identify photometric errors or peculiar galaxy types. Considering in addition the computational speed of this new estimator, we argue that it will play a valuable role in the analysis of oncoming large-area surveys like Euclid or the Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera Cooper Rubin Telescope.
description: to appear on A&A
Thermodynamic Equilibrium as a Symmetry of the Schwinger-Keldysh Action
Creators: name: Sieberer, L. M.
name: Chiocchetta, A.
name: Gambassi, A.
name: Täuber, U. C.
name: Diehl, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of an extended quantum system can be theoretically described in terms of the Schwinger-Keldysh functional integral formalism, whose action conveniently encodes the information about the dynamics. We show here that the action of quantum systems evolving in thermal equilibrium is invariant under a symmetry transformation which distinguishes them from generic open systems. A unitary or dissipative dynamics having this symmetry naturally leads to the emergence of a Gibbs thermal stationary state. Moreover, the fluctuation-dissipation relations characterizing the linear response of an equilibrium system to external perturbations can be derived as the Ward-Takahashi identities associated with this symmetry. Accordingly, the latter provides an efficient check for the onset of thermodynamic equilibrium and it makes testing the validity of fluctuation-dissipation relations unnecessary. In the classical limit, this symmetry renders the one which is known to characterize equilibrium in the stochastic dynamics of classical systems coupled to thermal baths, described by Langevin equations.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure; final published version
Comparative Study of Magnetic Moment of Leptons in Hot and Dense Media
Creators: name: Masood, Samina
name: Mein, Holly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetic moment of leptons in extremely hot universe and superdense media of stars at high temperatures. Anomalous magnetic moment of charged leptons is inversely proportional to its mass, whereas, the induced dipole moment of neutral leptons is directly proportional to their mass. Neutral massive point particles exert nonzero magnetic moment as a higher order effect, which is smaller than the anomalous magnetic moment of a charged particle of their same flavor partner. All leptons acquire some extra mass due to their interaction with the medium and affect the magnetic moment accordingly. We compare the contribution to the magnetic moment of various leptons due to their temperature and chemical potential dependent masses. It is shown that the magnetic moment contributions are non-ignorable for lighter leptons and heavy neutrinos. These calculations are very important to study particle propagation in the early universe and in superdense stellar media.
description: This paper is 14 pages long and has 6 figures Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1901.08569
Supporting the existence of the QCD critical point by compact star observations
Creators: name: Alvarez-Castillo, David E.
name: Blaschke, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to prove the existence of a critical end point (CEP) in the QCD phase diagram it is sufficient to demonstrate that at zero temperature $T=0$ a first order phase transition exists as a function of the baryochemical potential $μ$, since it is established knowledge from ab-initio lattice QCD simulations that at $μ=0$ the transition on the temperature axis is a crossover. We present the argument that the observation of a gap in the mass-radius relationship for compact stars which proves the existence of a so-called third family (aka "mass twins") will imply that the $T=0$ equation of state of compact star matter exhibits a strong first order transition with a latent heat that satisfies $Δε/ε_c \gt 0.6$. Since such a strong first order transition under compact star conditions will remain first order when going to symmetric matter, the observation of a disconnected branch (third family) of compact stars in the mass-radius diagram proves the existence of a CEP in QCD. For the equation of state of the twins the quark matter description is based on a QCD-motivated chiral approach with higher-order quark interactions in the Dirac scalar and vector coupling channels. For hadronic matter we select a relativistic mean-field equation of state with density-dependent couplings. Since the nucleons are treated in the quasi-particle framework, an excluded volume has been included for the nuclear equation of state at super-saturation density that takes into account the finite size of the nucleons. Furthermore we show results of a Bayesian analysis (BA) using disjunct M-R constraints for extracting probability measures for cold, dense matter equations of state. This study reveals that measuring the radii of neutron star twins has the potential to support the existence of a first order phase transition for compact star matter.
description: 6 pages, prepared for the Proceedings of the Conference "9th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement - CPOD2014", 17-21 November 2014, ZiF (Center of Interdisciplinary Research), University of Bielefeld, Germany
(805) Charles Turner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effect of Prenatal SSRI Use on Infant Negative Affect
Creators: name: Adams, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This study investigated the role of prenatal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) on infant negative affect at 6 months. SSRIs are able to cross the blood brain barrier and theoretically impact the developing serotonergic system in infants. Furthermore, previous studies regarding the effect of prenatal SSRI use on infant development are controversial due to low samples sizes and conflicting data. Additionally, the impact on infant negative affect has not been sufficiently studied. In the current study, infant negative affect was assessed using data collected through the Brain and Early Experience Study, including maternal report Infant Behavior Questionnaire negative affect scores and Still-Face period and Recovery period proportion scores collected through the still-face paradigm. Analysis showed that there was not a significant difference between SSRI- and non-SSRI-exposed infants on negative affect scores for any of the three measures. The difference, however, in the proportion of time spent illustrating negative affect during the still-face period for SSRI- and non-SSRI-exposed infants began to approach significance using an independent samples t-test. The effect of maternal SSRI use on infant behavior and temperament should be further assessed to rule-out adverse effects and allow physicians to make informed decisions regarding patient treatment.
Fast List Decoders for Polar Codes
Creators: name: Sarkis, Gabi
name: Giard, Pascal
name: Vardy, Alexander
name: Thibeault, Claude
name: Gross, Warren J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polar codes asymptotically achieve the symmetric capacity of memoryless channels, yet their error-correcting performance under successive-cancellation (SC) decoding for short and moderate length codes is worse than that of other modern codes such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Of the many methods to improve the error-correction performance of polar codes, list decoding yields the best results, especially when the polar code is concatenated with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). List decoding involves exploring several decoding paths with SC decoding, and therefore tends to be slower than SC decoding itself, by an order of magnitude in practical implementations. In this paper, we present a new algorithm based on unrolling the decoding tree of the code that improves the speed of list decoding by an order of magnitude when implemented in software. Furthermore, we show that for software-defined radio applications, our proposed algorithm is faster than the fastest software implementations of LDPC decoders in the literature while offering comparable error-correction performance at similar or shorter code lengths.
description: to appear in the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special Issue on Recent Advances In Capacity Approaching Codes, 2016
(806) Hannah Gildras (Gillgrass)
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fig. S3 from The two oxpecker species reveal the role of movement rates and foraging intensity in species coexistence
Creators: name: Péron, Guillaume
name: Bonenfant, Christophe
name: Gagnon, Roxanne
name: Mabika, Cheryl T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Posterior distributions
New self-force method via elliptic partial differential equations for Kerr inspiral models
Creators: name: Osburn, Thomas
name: Nishimura, Nami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method designed to avoid numerical challenges that have impeded calculation of the Lorenz gauge self-force acting on a compact object inspiraling into a Kerr black hole. This type of calculation is valuable in creating waveform templates for extreme mass-ratio inspirals, which are an important source of gravitational waves for the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna mission. Prior hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) formulations encountered numerical instabilities involving unchecked growth in time; our new method is based on elliptic PDEs, which do not exhibit instabilities of that kind. For proof of concept, we calculate the self-force acting on a scalar charge in a circular orbit around a Kerr black hole. We anticipate this method will subsequently facilitate calculation of first-order Lorenz gauge Kerr metric perturbations and self-force, which could serve as a foundation for second-order Kerr self-force investigations.
description: Updated to match the published version
Updated Configuration files for JWST NIRISS Slitless Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Matharu, Jasleen
name: Brammer, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: astronomy
jwst

description: We share the following new configuration files for JWST NIRISS Slitless Spectroscopy: F115W + GR150C F115W + GR150R F150W + GR150C F150W + GR150R F200W + GR150C F200W + GR150R We use JWST comissioning data from program 1085, the NIRISS-FOCUS-FIELD, which are observations of the outer LMC. We optimise Grizli model fits to the grism spectra of stars in individual exposures with MAG_AUTO < 21.5 and 1 < FLUX_RADIUS < 2 that have the positions x_flt and y_flt in the associated direct image (in the rotated Grizli dispersed frame). In each case, we get best fits to DYDX_A_0 (trace centre in y) and DLDP_A_0 (wavelength zeropoint in x). These parameters are measured in the Grizli convention where all spectra have been rotated to have the dispersion roughly parallel to array rows and with wavelength increasing "toward the right". Only those fits with a chi-squared < 50000 are used. The field dependence of these parameters across the detector are fit with a low-order 2D Polynomial model with astropy.modeling.models.Polynomial2D. Degree = 2 is used for the more sparsely sampled F200W and degree = 3 is used for the the bluer filters that better fill the detector frame. These fits are then iterated to remove outliers. New coefficients for DYDX_{}_0 and DLDP_{}_0 are calculated and provided in the configuration files in this release. PNG files show the field dependence for each parameter in each filter + grism combination. List of files available in the tar file GR150C.F115W.221215.conf GR150C.F150W.221215.conf GR150C.F200W.221215.conf GR150R.F115W.221215.conf GR150R.F150W.221215.conf GR150R.F200W.221215.conf f115w_gr150c_dldp_a_0.png f115w_gr150c_dydx_a_0.png f115w_gr150r_dldp_a_0.png f115w_gr150r_dydx_a_0.png f150w_gr150c_dldp_a_0.png f150w_gr150c_dydx_a_0.png f150w_gr150r_dldp_a_0.png f150w_gr150r_dydx_a_0.png f200w_gr150c_dldp_a_0.png f200w_gr150c_dydx_a_0.png f200w_gr150r_dldp_a_0.png f200w_gr150r_dydx_a_0.png Installation Download the tar file into the CONF directory of your Grizli installation and unpack. An example of how to do this in python is shown below. import os import grizli os.chdir(os.path.join(grizli.GRIZLI_PATH, 'CONF')) if not os.path.exists('GR150C.F115W.221215.conf'): os.system('wget "https://zenodo.org/record/7447545/files/niriss_config_221215.tar.gz?download=1" -O niriss_config_221215.tar.gz') os.system('tar xzvf niriss_config_221215.tar.gz')
Anatomical and Sex Differences in the Expression of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide within the Norepinephrine System
Creators: name: Milanovic, Silvija
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Norepinephrine (NE) is a neurotransmitter that has important functions in both the peripheral (PNS) and central (CNS) nervous systems. In the PNS, NE raises heart rate and blood pressure which is beneficial for the fight-or-flight response, but chronic activation can lead to hypertension and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been shown to mitigate NE-induced apoptosis through vasodilation, illustrating an antagonistic relationship in the PNS. In the CNS, NE modulates the stress response, mostly through the locus coeruleus (LC), where CGRP has been shown to be expressed in immunohistochemistry studies. Migraine pathophysiology could serve as a possible CNS connection as both CGRP and NE contribute to the onset of migraines via the trigeminovascular system, though this interaction has not been extensively studied. Migraines and stress-related psychiatric disorders are both more prevalent in females, suggesting the possibility of molecular sex differences in the NE and CGRP systems. We used immunohistochemistry to map the expression of CGRP across the NE system to investigate anatomical and sex differences and fill this knowledge gap. Our results showed CGRP is differentially expressed across the NE system with the highest expression in the LC and no expression in A5, A1, or A2. However, our study did not identify significant sex differences. Although our study did not show significant sex differences in CGRP expression, higher prevalence of migraines and stress-related psychiatric disorders illustrate the importance of investigating molecular sex differences in the interaction of these two systems for the development of sex-specific therapeutic treatments.
Dipolar Bose gas in a weak isotropic speckle disorder
Creators: name: Boudjemaa, Abdelaali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of a homogeneous dipolar Bose gas in a weak three-dimensional (3D) isotropic speckle disorder at finite temperature. By using the Bogoliubov theory (beyond the mean field), we calculate the condensate and the superfluid fractions as a function of density and strengths of disorder and interaction. The influence of disorder on the anomalous density, the chemical potential and the ground state energy is also analyzed. We show that the peculiar interplay of the DDI and weak disorder makes the superfluid fraction and sound velocity anisotropic.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.1698 by other authors
Primordial Magnetic Field Generated in Natural Infation
Creators: name: AlMuhammad, Anwar S
name: Lopez-Mobilia, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the simple gauge invariant model ${f^2}FF$ as a way to generate primordial magnetic fields (PMF) in Natural Inflation (NI). We compute both magnetic and electric spectra generated by the ${f^2}FF$ model in NI for different values of model parameters and find that both de Sitter and power law expansion lead to the same results at sufficiently large number of e-foldings. We also find that the necessary scale invariance property of the PMF cannot be obtained in NI in first order of slow roll limits under the constraint of inflationary potential, $V\left( 0 \right) \simeq 0$. Furthermore, if this constraint is relaxed to achieve scale invariance, then the model suffers from the backreaction problem for the co-moving wave number, $k \lesssim 8.0\times 10^{-7} \rm{Mpc^{-1}}$ and Hubble parameter, $H_i \gtrsim 1.25\times 10^{-3} \rm{M_{\rm{Pl}}}$. The former can be considered as a lower bound of $k$ and the later as an upper bound of $H_i$ for a model which is free from the backreaction problem. Further, we show that there is a narrow range of the height of the potential $Λ$ around ${Λ_{\min }} \approx 0.00874{M_{\rm{Pl}}}$ and of $k$ around ${k_{\min }} \sim 0.0173{\rm{Mp}}{\rm{c}^{ - 1}}$, at which the energy of the electric field can fall below the energy of the magnetic field. The range of $k$ lies within some observable scales. However, the relatively short range of $k$ presents a challenge to the viability of this model.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Preparation of large Cu3Sn single crystal by Czochralski method
Creators: name: Kong, Minsik
name: Park, Sang-Eon
name: Kim, Hye Jung
name: Song, Sehwan
name: Ryu, Dong-Choon
name: Kang, Baekjune
name: Sohn, Changhee
name: Kim, Hyun Jung
name: Kim, Youngwook
name: Yoon, Sangmoon
name: Go, Ara
name: Jeen, Hyoungjeen
name: Park, Sungkyun
name: Jeong, Se-Young
name: Kang, Chang-Jong
name: Ok, Jong Mok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cu3Sn was recently predicted to host topological Dirac fermions, but related research is still in its infancy. The growth of large and high-quality Cu3Sn single crystals is, therefore, highly desired to investigate the possible topological properties. In this work, we report the single crystal growth of Cu3Sn by Czochralski (CZ) method. Crystal structure, chemical composition, and transport properties of Cu3Sn single crystals were analyzed to verify the crystal quality. Notably, compared to the mm-sized crystals from a molten Sn-flux, the cm-sized crystals obtained by the CZ method are free from contamination from flux materials, paving the way for the follow-up works.
Black Hole in a Heat Bath
Creators: name: Makela, Jarmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently pointed out by Barrau, Martineau and Renevey that the mass of the Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a heat bath tends to infity in a finite time. We show that this singularity problem in the black hole mass may be avoided, if the stretched horizon of the black hole is constructed out of a fixed, finite number of discrete constituents, and an appropriate counting is applied to the energy eigenstates of the hole.
description: 10 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Modern Physics D
Spectrally resolved detection of sodium in the atmosphere of HD189733b with the HARPS spectrograph
Creators: name: Wyttenbach, A.
name: Ehrenreich, D.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Udry, S.
name: Pepe, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric properties of exoplanets can be constrained with transit spectroscopy. The signature of atomic sodium NaI, known to be present above the clouds, is a powerful probe of the upper atmosphere, where it can be best detected and characterized at high spectral resolution. Our goal is to obtain a high-resolution transit spectrum of HD189733b in the region around the resonance doublet of NaI at 589 nm, to characterize the absorption signature previously detected from space at low resolution. We analyze archival transit data of HD189733b obtained with the HARPS spectrograph. We retrieve the transit spectrum and light curve of the planet, implementing corrections for telluric contamination and planetary orbital motion. We spectrally resolve the NaI D doublet and measure line contrasts of $0.64\pm0.07\%$ (D2) and $0.40\pm0.07\%$ (D1) and FWHMs of $0.52\pm0.08~Å$. This corresponds to a detection at the 10-$σ$ level of excess of absorption of $0.32\pm0.03\%$ in a passband of $2\times0.75\ Å$ centered on each line. We derive temperatures of $2\,600\pm600$ K and $3270\pm330$ K at altitudes of $9\,800\pm2\,800$ km and $12\,700\pm2\,600$ km in the NaI D1 and D2 line cores, respectively. We measure a temperature gradient of $\sim0.2$ K km$^{-1}$ from comparison with theoretical models. We also detect a blueshift of $0.16\pm0.04\ Å$ (4 $σ$) in the line positions. This blueshift may be due to winds blowing at $8\pm2$ km s$^{-1}$ in the upper layers of the atmosphere. We demonstrate the relevance of studying exoplanet atmospheres with high-resolution spectrographs mounted on 4-meter-class telescopes. Our results pave the way towards in-depth characterization of physical conditions in the atmospheres of many exoplanetary systems with future spectrographs such as ESPRESSO on the VLT or HiReS and METIS on the E-ELT.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
From Rényi Relative Entropic Generalization to Quantum Thermodynamical Universality
Creators: name: Misra, Avijit
name: Singh, Uttam
name: Bera, Manabendra Nath
name: Rajagopal, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the structure of thermodynamics is "form invariant", when it is derived using maximum entropy principle for various choices of entropy and even beyond equilibrium. By the form invariance of thermodynamics, it is meant that the form of the free energy (internal energy minus the temperature times entropy) remains unaltered when all the entities entering this relation are suitably defined. The useful ingredients for this are the equilibrium entropy associated with thermal density matrix and the relative entropy between an arbitrary density matrix and the thermal density matrix. To delineate the form invariance, we consider the quantum Rényi entropic versions (indexed by a parameter $α$), i.e., Rényi entropy with appropriate internal energy and equilibrium state defined for all $α$. These results reduce to the well-known Gibbs-von Neumann results when $α\rightarrow 1$. Moreover, we show that the \textit{universality} of the Carnot statement of the second law is the consequence of the form invariance of the free energy. Further, the Clausius inequality, which is the precursor to the Carnot cycle, is also shown to hold based on the known data processing inequalities for the traditional and the sandwiched Rényi relative entropies. Thus, we find the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium state and its deviation from equilibrium together determine the thermodynamic laws.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Close to published version
Experiences of racial discrimination and adolescent neural sensitivity to social threats and rewards
Creators: name: Iosipchuk, Olesya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Marginalized groups experience frequent racial discrimination, making them more perceptive to social cues. During adolescence, individuals become even more perceptive to such cues due to increased social cognition. Examining neural responses to social cues can provide insight into our understanding of how experiencing racial discrimination might “get under the skin.” One hundred forty-five adolescents (Mage = 14.23) participated in a longitudinal experimental study which entailed responding to an extensive questionnaire as well as completing a task within an fMRI scanner. Experiences of Racial Discrimination scores (EOD) were calculated for participants who self-identified as members of marginalized groups. Results show that EOD scores were correlated with neural processing of social threat/reward anticipation and outcomes. At the neural level, teens showed increased activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and decreased activity in the cerebellum for threat and reward anticipation, respectively. For the outcome condition, we found dampened responses to threat in the angular, frontal and middle gyrus, and enhanced responses to reward in the right postcentral gyrus. The results of this study show that experiences or racial discrimination are in fact associated with neural responses within adolescents’ brains. 

Keywords: social threat; racial discrimination; adolescence; fMRI
A Non-isothermal Theory for Interpreting Sodium Lines in Transmission Spectra of Exoplanets
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Wyttenbach, Aurélien
name: Lavie, Baptiste
name: Sing, David K.
name: Ehrenreich, David
name: Lovis, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory for interpreting the sodium lines detected in transmission spectra of exoplanetary atmospheres. Previous analyses employed the isothermal approximation and dealt only with the transit radius. By recognising the absorption depth and the transit radius as being independent observables, we develop a theory for jointly interpreting both quantities, which allows us to infer the temperatures and number densities associated with the sodium lines. We are able to treat a non-isothermal situation with a constant temperature gradient. Our novel diagnostics take the form of simple-to-use algebraic formulae and require measurements of the transit radii (and their corresponding absorption depths) at line center and in the line wing for both sodium lines. We apply our diagnostics to the HARPS data of HD 189733b, confirm the upper atmospheric heating reported by Huitson et al. (2012), derive a temperature gradient of $0.4376 \pm 0.0154$ K km$^{-1}$ and find densities $\sim 1$ to $10^4$ cm$^{-3}$.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters. 6 pages, 3 figures
Driving Potential and Fission-Fragment Charge Distributions
Creators: name: Su, Yuan
name: Liu, Min
name: Wang, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient approach to describe the fission-fragment charge yields for actinides based on the driving potential of fissioning system. Considering the properties of primary fission fragments at their ground states, the driving potential, which represents the potential energies of the system around scission configuration and closely relates to the yields of fragments, can be unambiguously and quickly obtained from the Skyrme energy-density functional together with the Weizsaecker-Skyrme mass model. The fission-fragment charge distributions for thermal-neutroninduced fission and spontaneous fission of a series of actinides, especially the odd-even staggering in charge distributions can be well reproduced. Nuclear dynamical deformations and pairing corrections of fragments play an important role in the charge distributions.
description: to appear in Comm. Theor. Phys
(802) George Edward Piper
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supporting Information from Cross-scale cooperation enables sustainable use of a common-pool resource.
Creators: name: Ringsmuth, Andrew K.
name: Lade, Steven J.
name: Schlüter, Maja
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Presents: 1. summary of the original TSL subsystem model; 2. assessment of our perturbative approximation to the biophysical model; 3. formulation of the harvesting norm scenarios; 4. supplementary results; 5. summary of mechanisms underlying the different stability landscape phases; 6. analysis of model sensitivity to subsystem parameters.
One new species of the genus Cotugnia Diamare, 1893 (Cestoda: Davainiedae, Braun, 1900) as C. mehdii n. sp.from Gallus domesticus at Aurangabad, M. S. India.”
Creators: name: Shaikh, Ishrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Veterinary parasitology

description: This paper contains the description of a new species of genus Cotugnia (Diamare, 1893). It differs from all the earlier reported species, in having scolex, large, dome shaped; rostellum small, oval; rostellar hooks 100-110 in number, small, straight, single pronged; mature segments broader than long, double set of reproductive organs; testes 140-150 (145), small, round; cirrus pouch large, cylindrical, ovary bilobed; vagina thin and posterior to the cirrus pouch.
(803) John Gillgrass Turner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Investigating Foraging Patterns on Mariculture Structure in a Temperate Estuary
Creators: name: Kremer, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Environmental degradation of complex marine habitats has exacerbated the effects of overfishing as fisheries struggle to return to a sustainable population size. Habitat restoration projects often create artificial reefs with the hopes of increasing fish populations; however, it can be difficult to establish the true effect of these structures on fish communities. Oyster aquaculture structures are becoming more prevalent across the East Coast of the United States, introducing complex habitats due to the gear structure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these structures on fish density and foraging patterns, and provide further information on whether oyster aquaculture structures increase fishery productivity. Two floating bag oyster farms, the Mera and Styron leases, were evaluated using net and trap catch data, Dual-frequency IDentification SONar (DIDSON), and a standardized consumption assay. We found significantly higher densities of fishes on lease sites compared to controls, and higher densities at the Styron sites compared to the Mera sites. Consumption pressure increased with distance from bags, primarily driven by an increase in variability of consumption values. Catch data revealed species-level variation in lease and control density. Further research is necessary to determine whether floating bag leases increase community productivity or aggregate established populations. However, the results of this experiment do not support increased trophic transfer as a mechanism for productivity. It would be valuable to develop a method of identifying what species are consuming the predation assay and what species make up the typical floating bag community.
(804) Jane Wooler
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: ÐÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ³ÐµÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
title: Introduction to X-ray structural analysis
Creators: name: Ð¤Ð¸Ð»Ð¸Ð¿Ð¿Ð¾Ð², Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð ÐµÐ½ÑÐ³ÐµÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·

description: ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ³ÐµÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð². ÐÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ðº, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð»Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°. Ð¡Ð¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ðµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÐºÑÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¼Â». Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 15.04.03_06 Â«Ð¤Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²Â» Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ.
description: This training manual is devoted to using the method of X-ray structural analysis for the study of crystalline materials. It includes the explanation of the physical method essentials, a description of the existing equipment and the main techniques used, as well as the elements of crystallography necessary for understanding the material. The manual corresponds to the working program of the discipline âEngineering practical notes on X-ray methodsâ. The training manual is intended for students of the Master's major 15.04.03_06 âPhysics of strength and plasticity of materialsâ for students of the full-time mode of study.
Appendix S2 from The two oxpecker species reveal the role of movement rates and foraging intensity in species coexistence
Creators: name: Péron, Guillaume
name: Bonenfant, Christophe
name: Gagnon, Roxanne
name: Mabika, Cheryl T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Approximate Bayesian Computing algorithm.
On modular completion of generalized flux orbits
Creators: name: Shukla, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of type IIB orientifold compactification with the presence of (non-)geometric fluxes, we conjecture a modular completed version of the generalized flux-orbits of various NS-NS and RR fluxes. Subsequently, considering two explicit examples with frozen complex structure moduli, we illustrate the utility of these new flux orbits in a very compact rearrangement of the four dimensional effective scalar potential.
description: version 4: minor improvements, references added, and to appear in JHEP
An Improved Normed-Deformable Convolution for Crowd Counting
Creators: name: Zhong, Xin
name: Yan, Zhaoyi
name: Qin, Jing
name: Zuo, Wangmeng
name: Lu, Weigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, crowd counting has become an important issue in computer vision. In most methods, the density maps are generated by convolving with a Gaussian kernel from the ground-truth dot maps which are marked around the center of human heads. Due to the fixed geometric structures in CNNs and indistinct head-scale information, the head features are obtained incompletely. Deformable convolution is proposed to exploit the scale-adaptive capabilities for CNN features in the heads. By learning the coordinate offsets of the sampling points, it is tractable to improve the ability to adjust the receptive field. However, the heads are not uniformly covered by the sampling points in the deformable convolution, resulting in loss of head information. To handle the non-uniformed sampling, an improved Normed-Deformable Convolution (\textit{i.e.,}NDConv) implemented by Normed-Deformable loss (\textit{i.e.,}NDloss) is proposed in this paper. The offsets of the sampling points which are constrained by NDloss tend to be more even. Then, the features in the heads are obtained more completely, leading to better performance. Especially, the proposed NDConv is a light-weight module which shares similar computation burden with Deformable Convolution. In the extensive experiments, our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on ShanghaiTech A, ShanghaiTech B, UCF\_QNRF, and UCF\_CC\_50 dataset, achieving 61.4, 7.8, 91.2, and 167.2 MAE, respectively. The code is available at https://github.com/bingshuangzhuzi/NDConv
Supplemental Information for Delay Discounting and Nucleus Accumbens Functional Connectivity are Related to Weight Status in Adolescents from the ABCD Study
Creators: name: Overholtzer, Lloyd
name: Herting, Megan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental Information for Delay Discounting and Nucleus Accumbens Functional Connectivity are Related to Weight Status in Adolescents from the ABCD Study