cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPED INNOVATIVE METHODS AND STRATEGIES BY THE RESEARCH IN THE FRENCH PACIFIC TERRITORIES AND THE WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN TO LIMIT THE IMPACT OF SPECIES INVASIVE
Creators: name: Barre, Nicolas
name: Le Bourgeois, Thomas
name: De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel
name: Tassin, Jacques
name: Blanfort, Vincent
name: Strasberg, Dominique
name: Barre, Nicolas
name: Le Bourgeois, Thomas
name: De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel
name: Tassin, Jacques
name: Blanfort, Vincent
name: Strasberg, Dominique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: New Caledonia and Reunion Island are French overseas territories, respectively situated in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. They both are biodiversity hot spots, but are also agricultural, pastoral and forestry areas. To preserve their environments against the impacts of biological invasions resulting from very diverse taxa (vertebrates, insects, plants, pathogens), these two overseas territories must develop and promote appropriate methods (prevention of new introductions, early detection and eradication, and control or eradication of established species). The research activities of CIRAD, University of la Reunion and IAC contribute to these decision processes, by improving the hierarchical classification of invasive species according to their impacts, by improving the understanding of underlying ecological processes, and by proposing innovative intervention and management methods. This approach for invasive species control in tropical insular areas could also be appropriate in the Caribbean environment.
Do Spherical Polyelectrolyte Brushes Interdigitate?
Creators: name: Korobko, A. V.
name: Jesse, W.
name: Egelhaaf, S. U.
name: Lapp, A.
name: van der Maarel, J. R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of spherical micelles of the diblock copolymer poly(styrene-block-acrylic acid) in water was investigated with small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and contrast matching. We have monitored inter-micelle correlation and the extension of the polyelectrolyte chains in the coronal layer through the overlap concentration. Irrespective of ionic strength, the corona shrinks with increasing packing fraction. Furthermore, at high charge and minimal screening conditions, the corona layers interpenetrate once the volume fraction exceeds the critical value 0.53.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Land Tenure Management: A Key Determinant in Sustainable Farming the - Example of Martinique
Creators: name: Saudubray, Frédéric
name: Saudubray, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: For the past fifteen years the notion of sustainable farming has become a constant reference in defining rural development policies. For many years, this concept was assimilated to that of the reproducibility of eco-systems and social and economic factors were not taken into consideration. Yet, in Martinique, as in many other insular states in the Caribbean, control over the way farmland is managed is a prerequisite in defining any so-called sustainable farming policy. The analysis of changes in the use of farmland shows that the intergenerational transfer of land is not ensured: the usable agricultural area has decreased by 38% in less than thirty years, with nevertheless substantial spatial variations. In the same way, it seems that more than 50%) of farms are not economically viable because of their size. In addition, different studies on farming practises show that the land tenure structures of the farms may constitute an obstacle to the application of environmentally friendly practises. To address this problem, many regulations, tools and operators have been implemented in recent decades and at different territorial levels. In spite of everything, because of insufficient political will due to the paradoxical position of farmers and of their representatives (who speak out "in the name of the farming profession" for the preservation of farmland, but whose interests at the individual level are that their land should be declassified as building land), most of these measures have not had the desired effects. For 3 or 4 years, new initiatives have seen the light of day (implementation of the control of land tenure structures and definition of local sustainable development plans). The future of agriculture in Martinique - and therefore its sustainability - will probably depend on the rigour with which these measures are applied.
title: Agata, Dorota, Iwona, Jolanta. The kindergarten in the Pałac – memories of a little paradise
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: "What luck that we had this kindergarten!" All four say. That was in the early 1970s. Agata and Jolanta now live in Germany, Dorota and Iwona have stayed in Masuria. Lehndorff Castle, the "Pałac", was a place they all felt happy. In those stately rooms they had a feeling of security and comfort, they played among the old oaks, went swimming in the lake. It was a microcosm away from the adult world with its worries and traumas.
CaribVET, A TOOL TO FACILITATE CONTROL OF EMERGING AND EXOTIC ANIMAL DISEASE THREATS
Creators: name: Molia, S.
name: Lefrancois, T.
name: Vachiery, N.
name: Martinez, D.
name: Molia, S.
name: Lefrancois, T.
name: Vachiery, N.
name: Martinez, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Network
subject: animal health
subject: Caribbean
subject: epidemiology
subject: emerging disease
subject: exotic disease
subject: regional approach

description: The Caribbean Animal Health Network (CaribVET) is a collaboration among institutions (veterinary services, research or diagnostic laboratories, international organizations) and individuals to improve animal health and the safety of animal products throughout the Caribbean. It aims at promoting collaborations and a regional approach for animal diseases control and emergency preparedness, strengthening national epidemiosurveillance networks, developing and harmonizing regional veterinary diagnostic capacities, and fostering communication and exchange of information among individuals involved in animal production and health in the Caribbean. Control of re-emerging and exotic animal disease threats has been at the forefront of CaribVET activities. The network was initiated in 1995 with the Caribbean Amblyomma Programme, an eradication program for Amblyomma variegatum, a tick imported from Africa and associated with severe diseases of ruminants (heartwater and dermatophilosis), whose spread to the Lesser Antilles threatened the rest of the Caribbean and the American mainland. Projects were set up to help control classical swine fever, an OIE listed disease reintroduced into Hispaniola in 1996, and to improve surveillance in disease-free neighboring islands. CaribVET also contributed to establishing collaborations for surveillance and diagnosis of West Nile virus, an arthropod-borne virus first detected in the Caribbean in 2001 and affecting humans, horses and birds. Other CaribVET activities include training, organization of regional meetings and dissemination of information through the CaribVET website www.caribvet.net.
RESPIRATION OF THE POMERAC UNDER REFRIGERATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SHELF-LIFE
Creators: name: Basania, A. L.
name: Sankat, C. K.
name: Basania, A. L.
name: Sankat, C. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A post-harvest trial was conducted to determine the respiratory behaviour and its influence on shelf-life of pomerac (Eugenia malaccensis) held at four different storage temperatures: 28 (ambient), 5, 10 and 15 °C. The aim of the experiment was to determine whether the pomerac exhibited climacteric or non-climacteric respiratory patterns so that appropriate storage conditions for extending its shelf-life could be determined. On a daily basis, carbon dioxide and ethylene evolutions were measured for fruits held at each temperature. Preliminary results showed that the levels of carbon dioxide produced at 28 °C declined from 33 mL/kg per h to 23 mL/kg per h after 8 days in storage. There was no detection of ethylene for pomerac in storage, thus indicating a non-climacteric respiratory pattern. Results also indicated that as the storage temperature decreased, the levels of carbon dioxide produced also decreased both with storage time and temperature. At 5QC, the rate of respiration was lowered to the extent that the shelf-life of the pomerac was extended to 20 days.
How to Build a Graph-Based Deep Learning Architecture in Traffic Domain: A Survey
Creators: name: Ye, Jiexia
name: Zhao, Juanjuan
name: Ye, Kejiang
name: Xu, Chengzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, various deep learning architectures have been proposed to solve complex challenges (e.g. spatial dependency, temporal dependency) in traffic domain, which have achieved satisfactory performance. These architectures are composed of multiple deep learning techniques in order to tackle various challenges in traffic tasks. Traditionally, convolution neural networks (CNNs) are utilized to model spatial dependency by decomposing the traffic network as grids. However, many traffic networks are graph-structured in nature. In order to utilize such spatial information fully, it's more appropriate to formulate traffic networks as graphs mathematically. Recently, various novel deep learning techniques have been developed to process graph data, called graph neural networks (GNNs). More and more works combine GNNs with other deep learning techniques to construct an architecture dealing with various challenges in a complex traffic task, where GNNs are responsible for extracting spatial correlations in traffic network. These graph-based architectures have achieved state-of-the-art performance. To provide a comprehensive and clear picture of such emerging trend, this survey carefully examines various graph-based deep learning architectures in many traffic applications. We first give guidelines to formulate a traffic problem based on graph and construct graphs from various kinds of traffic datasets. Then we decompose these graph-based architectures to discuss their shared deep learning techniques, clarifying the utilization of each technique in traffic tasks. What's more, we summarize some common traffic challenges and the corresponding graph-based deep learning solutions to each challenge. Finally, we provide benchmark datasets, open source codes and future research directions in this rapidly growing field.
description: 21pages, 11figures
title: The Future Operatic
Creators: name: Hoy, Brian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Architektonischer Entwurf
subject: architectural design

description: Die Zukunft Operatik: Ein digitaler Veranstaltungsort für Musiktheater, eine Erforschung der digitalen Perfomance-Raum und die Raumkomposition von Sonic Narrative. Das Projekt hat drei Hauptziele: - Der Entwurf einer bürgerlichen Anlage für das Musiktheater - Die Nutzung des digitalen Performance-Raums - Die Komposition der digitalen Musiktheaterperfomance Der Schwerpunkt der Projekts ist das architektonische Phänomen des Opernhauses. Das Projekt dokumentiert die Prüfung und Entwicklung eines digitalen Theater Prototyps und eine damit verbundene Performance.
description: The Future Operatic: A digital venue for music theatre, an exploration of digital perfomace space and the spatial compostion of sonic narrative. The project has three principle aims: - The design of a civic facitlity for music theatre - The utilisation of digital performance space - The composition of digital music theatre performance The project's primary focus is the architectural phenomenon ot the opera house. The project documents the testing and develpment of a digital theatre prototype and an associated performance.
Directed and Elliptic Flow at RHIC
Creators: name: Tang, Aihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the directed flow measurement ($v_1$) from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrtsNN = 62$ GeV. Over the pseudorapidity range we have studied, which covers $η$ from -1.2 to 1.2 and $2.4 < |η| < 4$, the magnitude of $v_1$ for charged particles is found to increase monotonously with pseudorapidity for all centralities. No ``$v_1$ wiggle'', as predicted by various theoretical models, is observed at midrapidity. Elliptic flow ($v_2$) from moderate high $p_t$ particles ($3-6 GeV/c$) at $\sqrtsNN = 200$ GeV is presented as a function of impact parameter. It is found that models that are based on {\it jet quenching} alone appear to underpredict $v_2$ at moderate high $p_t$, while the model that incorporates both, recombination and fragmentation, describes the data better.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Proceeding for Hot Quark 04 conference Changes in the revision are mostly English fixes. v1 versus eta plot is flipped over to follow the convention
Financial Weather Derivatives for Corn Production in Northeastern China: Modelling the Underlying Weather Index
Creators: name: Sun, Baojing
name: Sun, Baojing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: pricing weather options
subject: weather-based derivatives
subject: stochastic process and econometric modelling
subject: growing degree days
subject: agricultural finance

description: The focus in this study is on estimating the underlying weather index for pricing financial derivatives to hedge weather risks in crop production. Different index estimation methods for growing degree days (GDDs) are compared. In particular, daily average temperatures for deriving GDDs are simulated using an econometric model and a stochastic process that uses three methods to estimate the mean-reversion parameter. Finally, the historical approach based on a five-year moving average of GDDs is compared with the econometric and stochastic models. Results indicate that econometric model provides the best fit, followed by the the historical average method and then the stochastic process with a high mean reversion parameter. Premiums from the econometric model with sine function and historical average approaches are closer to those based on realized weather values compared with the stochastic approach. Therefore, the econometric model with sine function and the historical average approach provide better pricing estimates than other methods.
The foreign exchange market interventions of the European Central Bank
Creators: name: Frenkel, M.
name: Pierdzionc, C.
name: Stadtmann, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exchange Rates, Foreign Exchange
subject: F31, E58, F33, F15, F02

description: We analyze the effectiveness of the foreign exchange market interventions conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB) in the fall of 2000 to support the external stability of the euro. To this end, we discuss different channels through which interventions may influence exchange rate dynamics. We use the insights provided by the theoretical and empirical literature to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention policy of the ECB. In addition, we present an empirical analysis in which we use intra-daily exchange rate data to examine in detail the effects of the interventions. We find that the interventions only had a rather short-term impact on the exchange rate path and had no effects beyond the short term. Therefore, our results suggest that the intervention policy of the ECB was not effective. JEL Codes: F31, E58, F33, F15, F02
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 218 (2001)
Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks
Creators: name: Nishikawa, K. -I.
name: Hardee, P.
name: Richardson, G.
name: Preece, R.
name: Sol, H.
name: Fishman, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shock acceleration is an ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysical plasmas. Plasma waves and their associated instabilities (e.g., Buneman, Weibel and other two-stream instabilities) created in collisionless shocks are responsible for particle (electron, positron, and ion) acceleration. Using a 3-D relativistic electromagnetic particle (REMP) code, we have investigated particle acceleration associated with a relativistic electron-positron jet front propagating into an ambient electron-positron plasma with and without initial magnetic fields. We find small differences in the results for no ambient and modest ambient magnetic fields. New simulations show that the Weibel instability created in the collisionless shock front accelerates jet and ambient particles both perpendicular and parallel to the jet propagation direction. Furthermore, the non-linear fluctuation amplitudes of densities, currents, electric, and magnetic fields in the electron-positron shock are larger than those found in the electron-ion shock studied in a previous paper at the comparable simulation time. This comes from the fact that both electrons and positrons contribute to generation of the Weibel instability. Additionally, we have performed simulations with different electron skin depths. We find that growth times scale inversely with the plasma frequency, and the sizes of structures created by the Weibel instability scale proportional to the electron skin depth. This is the expected result and indicates that the simulations have sufficient grid resolution. The simulation results show that the Weibel instability is responsible for generating and amplifying nonuniform, small-scale magnetic fields which contribute to the electron's (positron's) transverse deflection behind the jet head.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, revised and accepted for ApJ, A full resolution of the paper can be found at http://gammaray.nsstc.nasa.gov/~nishikawa/apjep1.pdf
High current $\mathrm{H}_2^+$ beams from a filament-driven multicusp ion source
Creators: name: Winklehner, Daniel
name: Conrad, Janet M.
name: Smolsky, Joseph
name: Waites, Loyd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the use of $\mathrm{H}_2^+$ ions instead of protons to overcome space charge challenges in compact cyclotrons has received much attention. This technique has the potential to increase the available beam current from compact cyclotrons by an order of magnitude, paving the way for applications in energy research, medical isotope production, and particle physics, e.g. a decisive search for sterile neutrinos through the IsoDAR experiment. For IsoDAR we go a step beyond just using $\mathrm{H}_2^+$ and add pre-bunching through a Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) embedded in the cyclotron yoke. This puts beam purity and beam quality constraints on the ion source that no published ion source has simultaneously demonstrated so far. Here, we report results from a new multicusp ion source (MIST-1) that produces the world's highest steady-state current of $\mathrm{H}_2^+$ from this type of ion source (1 mA), with exceptionally low emittance (0.05 $π$-mm-mrad, RMS, normalized) and high purity (80% $\mathrm{H}_2^+$). This result shows the feasibility of using a multicusp ion source for IsoDAR and the RFQ direct injection prototype, and paves the way to record breaking continuous wave (cw) beam currents of 5 mA $\mathrm{H}_2^+$ (equivalent to 10 mA protons) from compact cyclotrons, ideal for underground installation. This represents a significant advance, with impact on neutrino physics specifically and high power cyclotron design in general.
description: Major Revision
Schroedinger Operators With Few Bound States
Creators: name: Damanik, David
name: Killip, Rowan
name: Simon, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that whole-line Schrödinger operators with finitely many bound states have no embedded singular spectrum. In contradistinction, we show that embedded singular spectrum is possible even when the bound states approach the essential spectrum exponentially fast. We also prove the following result for one- and two-dimensional Schrödinger operators, $H$, with bounded positive ground states: Given a potential $V$, if both $H\pm V$ are bounded from below by the ground-state energy of $H$, then $V\equiv 0$.
description: 10 pages
TEMPERATURE CONDITIONING IN ALLEVIATING CHILLING INJURY OF THE 'JULIE' MANGO
Creators: name: Mohammed, A.
name: Sankat, C. K.
name: Mohammed, A.
name: Sankat, C. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: A 35-day storage and ripening trial was conducted on mature green 'Julie' mangoes. Fruits were conditioned by a stepwise reduction in temperature of 3 or 5 °C per day and eventually held at 5 °C. Their storage and ripening behaviour were compared to fruits held at a fixed temperature ο f 5 °C from the day of harvest. Temperature conditioning or a stepwise réduction in temperature significantly reduced the level of chilling when compared to fruits stored at the fixed 5 °C. Additionally, it was also found that cooling rates significantly affected the onset of the time of chilling injury. During the trial a number of chemical and sensory parameters of the fruits were analyzed: total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), suganacid ratio (TSS/TA), fruit colour, chilling index, decay and shrivelling.
CONTROL OF RESPIRATORY GASES AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN POST-HARVEST EXPERIMENTS USING A HUMIDIFIED AIR FLOW SYSTEM.
Creators: name: Mohammed, Majeed
name: Lougheed, E. C.
name: Mohammed, Majeed
name: Lougheed, E. C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Sweet peppers were stored at 4.5 and 13 "C in sealed low-density polyethylene bags (LDPE) and paper bags for 25 and 40 days respectively using air flow chambers (AFC) and storage rooms without air flow chambers (NAFC). Fruits stored in LDPE bags in the AFC system at 13 "C had superior quality ratings, less decay, less chilling injury, higher bioelectrical resistance and lower electrolyte leakage measurements after 40 days of storage compared to fruits kept in the NAFC system. These quality ratings which contributed to a longer shelf-life for fruits in the AFC system were due to the control of relative humidity (90- 95%) and reduction of cross-contamination of gases between packages and storage atmospheres which resulted in lower in-package C02 and C2H4 levels.
What central banks have learned: lessons from pre-EMU Europe
Creators: name: Houben, Aerdt C.F.J.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: EMU, Exchange Rates, Fixed Exchange Rate, Inflation, Money, Policy
subject: E52, E58, E31, F31, F36

description: This paper examines the intentions and outturns of central bank policies in Europe from the collapse of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates until the start of EMU in 1999. It focuses on the lessons that can be drawn from the three dominant policy strategies of money targeting, exchange rate targeting and inflation targeting. Several of the lessons that are relevant to the euro area are shown to have been incorporated into the monetary policy strategy of the European Central Bank. JEL Codes: E52, E58, E31, F31, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 218 (2001)
COMPARACION DE CUATRO MEDIOS EN LA MICROPROPAGACION DE DOS VARIEDADES DE ΡΙΝΑ {Ananas comosus (L.) Merr)
Creators: name: Garita, H.
name: Gomez, L.
name: Garita, H.
name: Gomez, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: Se evaluô la micropropagaciôn de dos variedades promisorias de pina, Champaka Ε- Ι 53 y SCI. Se determinô las mejores condiciones para su multiplicaciôn in vitro y su aclimatizaciôn en invernadero. Apiees (0.2-0.4 cm) y yemas laterales de coronas e hijos laterales (0.5-0.8cm) se cultivaron en cuatro medios liquidos de establecimiento y multiplicaciôn, descritos por Casale y Garcia (1987) (llamados M4 y MC-21, respectivamente), Zee y Munekata (Z&M) (1992), De Wald et al. (DW) (1988), y un medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) (1962) modificado, suplementado con 0.2 mg/L 6-BAP+0.1 mg/ L ANA y l.mg/L 6-BAP+1.0 mg/L AIB, respectivamente. Después de ocho semanas, las plântulas se subcultivaron en los medios de multiplicaciôn. Los cultivos se transfirieron a medio fresco cada seis semanas. Para el enraizamiento en el invernadero, las plântulas de Champaka se clasifïcaron en dos rangos de peso (0.2-0.8 g y 0.8-1.5 g) y la SCI en très rangos (0.2-0.6 g, 0.6-1.3 g y 1.3-1.7 g). Luego, se les hizo una inmersiôn en diferentes concentraciones de ANA (0-1000 mg/L). Posteriormente, se sembrô las plântulas en fibra de coco molida. También se evaluô como sustrato para ambas variedades turba:fibra de coco molida 1:1, turba y suelo:arena 1:1, sin usar ANA. El mejor medio para el establecimiento de las dos variedades fue el descrito por C&G, utilizando yemas de hijos para la variedad Champaka F-153 y âpices para la variedad SC 1. En la fase de multiplicaciôn, el mejor medio para ambas variedades fue el MS modificado suplementado con 1.0 mg/L 6- BAP + 1.0 mg/L AIB. En la fase de invernadero plântulas de mas de 0.5 g presentaron el mejor porcentaje de sobrevi vencia. El mejor sustrato fue la fibra de coco molida, el ANA no fue necesario para promover el enraizamiento.
Simulations of core convection and resulting dynamo action in rotating A-type stars
Creators: name: Browning, Matthew
name: Brun, Allan Sacha
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of 3--D nonlinear simulations of magnetic dynamo action by core convection within A-type stars of 2 solar masses, at a range of rotation rates. We consider the inner 30% by radius of such stars, with the spherical domain thereby encompassing the convective core and a portion of the surrounding radiative envelope. The compressible Navier-Stokes equations, subject to the anelastic approximation, are solved to examine highly nonlinear flows that span multiple scale heights, exhibit intricate time dependence, and admit magnetic dynamo action. Small initial seed magnetic fields are found to be amplified greatly by the convective and zonal flows. The central columns of strikingly slow rotation found in some of our progenitor hydrodynamic simulations continue to be realized in some simulations to a lesser degree, with such differential rotation arising from the redistribution of angular momentum by the nonlinear convection and magnetic fields. We assess the properties of the magnetic fields thus generated, the extent of convective penetration, the magnitude of the differential rotation, and the excitation of gravity waves within the radiative envelope.
description: Talk at IAU Symposium 224: The A-Star Puzzle. 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 in color, compressed with appreciable loss of quality
Total factor productivity - a misleading concept
Creators: name: Reati, Angelo
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Factor Productivity, Production Function, Production, Productivity, Total Factor Productivity
subject: J24, D24, O47

description: The paper criticises the concept of total factor productivity as a measure of technical change and economic performance on two grounds: (i) theoretical, because it shares all the weaknesses of the neoclassical production function from which it is derived; (ii) its relevance in helping to understand the present technological revolution in computer and information technologies, since it concerns only disembodied technical change. The practical conclusion is that total factor productivity is more a measure of "noise" than a genuine indicator of technical progress. In spite of the above drawbacks, total factor productivity is still widely used in empirical work on technical change. This is all the more surprising since the alternative concept of productivity of labour not only avoids the above mentioned criticisms but is theoretically superior to its rival concept because it captures the true nature of present technical change. JEL Codes: J24, D24, O47
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 218 (2001)
Novel Entropy-Based Metrics for Long-Term Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Prediction Following Surgical Ablation: Insights from Preoperative Electrocardiographic Analysis
Creators: name: Escribano, P.
name: Ródenas, J.
name: García, M.
name: Hornero, F.
name: Gracia-Baena, J. M.
name: Alcaraz, R.
name: Rieta, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia often treated concomitantly with other cardiac interventions through the Cox Maze procedure. This highly invasive intervention is still linked to a long-term recurrence rate of approximately 35% in permanent AF patients. The aim of this study is to preoperatively predict long-term AF recurrence post-surgery through the analysis of atrial activity (AA) organization from non-invasive electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings. A dataset comprising ECGs from 53 patients with permanent AF who had undergone Cox Maze concomitant surgery was analyzed. The AA was extracted from the lead V1 of these recordings and then characterized using novel predictors, such as the mean and standard deviation of the relative wavelet energy (RWEm and RWEs) across different scales, and an entropy-based metric that computes the stationary wavelet entropy variability (SWEnV). The individual predictors exhibited limited predictive capabilities to anticipate the outcome of the procedure, with the SWEnV yielding a classification accuracy (Acc) of 68.07%. However, the assessment of the RWEs for the seventh scale (RWEs7), which encompassed frequencies associated with the AA, stood out as the most promising individual predictor, with sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) values of 80.83% and 67.09%, respectively, and an Acc of almost 75%. Diverse multivariate decision tree-based models were constructed for prediction, giving priority to simplicity in the interpretation of the forecasting methodology. In fact, the combination of the SWEnV and RWEs7 consistently outperformed the individual predictors and excelled in predicting post-surgery outcomes one year after the Cox Maze procedure, with Se, Sp, and Acc values of approximately 80%, thus surpassing the results of previous studies based on anatomical predictors associated with atrial function or clinical data.
Water management, Middle East peace and a role for the World bank
Creators: name: Askari, Hossein
name: Brown, Catherine
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Water
subject: O13, Q25

description: The region comprising North Africa and the Middle East is the driest in the world. Thus conflicts over water have been a part of the landscape. These conflicts over water are invariably seen as a zero sum game; such a view does not incorporate the notion that water is an economic good and is therefore scarce. Given the limitation of competitive markets, optimal water allocation could only but help. However, even if one country allocates water efficiently within its own territory, its allocation could be sub-optimal if water interdependencies with other countries are not incorporated in a regional optimization model. The World Bank is in the best position to adopt a regional optimization model and thus ameliorate water conditions in the Middle East and in other regions around the world. JEL Codes: O13, Q25
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 216 (2001)
Arithmetical Datatypes, Fracterms, and The Fraction Defnition Problem
Creators: name: Bergstra, Jan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10101 Algebra and Number Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Transmathematica archive. Please cite as:
J.A. Bergstra, "Arithmetical Datatypes, Fracterms, and the Fraction Definition Problem", Transmathematica, ISSN 2632-9212, pp 1-35, 30 April 2020, https://doi.org/10.36285/tm.33
LE MACHINISME AGRICOLE ET LES PLANTES A TUBERCULES
Creators: name: Farani, Marceau
name: Farani, Marceau
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Si l'on considère le machinisme comme étant l'emploi généralisé des machines substituées en totalité ou en partie à la main-d'oeuvre, on peut se poser la question suivante: Le machinisme a t il transformé l'agriculture d'aujourd'hui? Si la réponse est "oui" pour certaines cultures dites industrialisées comme la canne à sucre, s'agissant des plantes àtubercules la réponse est nettement plus nuancée selon le lieu géographique où l'on se trouve (Afrique, Asie, Amérique du Sud, Caraïbes, Antilles). H conviendrait de parler de tradition et modernité en ce qui concerne l'apport du machinisme dans la pratique et la conduite des plantes à tubercules dans notre région une stratégie de développement du machinisme agricole devrait être une préoccupation essentielle aujourd'hui, compte tenu du coût de la main-d'oeuvre, de la nécessité de produire plus et mieux, de l'intérêt à réduire le coût de production et de l'obligatian de dégager un revenu pour le producteur.
Multivariate analysis of surface electromyography signals
Creators: name: Chiang, Joyce Hsien-Yin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: As the primary method of measuring muscle activation, the surface electromyography (sEMG) is of great importance in the study of motor deficits seen in patients with brain injuries and neuromuscular disorders. While clinicians have long intuitively understood that deficits in motor control are related to inappropriate recruitment of muscle synergies across several muscles, sEMG recordings are still typically examined in a univariate fashion. However, most traditional univariate techniques are unable to quantitatively capture the complex interactions between muscles during natural movements. To address this issue, multivariate signal processing techniques are employed in this thesis to study muscle co-activation patterns in patient populations. A method for classification of multivariate sEMG recordings between stroke and healthy subjects is proposed. The proposed classification scheme utilizes the eigenspectra of time-varying covariance patterns between sEMG channels as feature vectors and the support vector machines (SVM) as classifiers. Despite the minimal differences in the RMS profiles of individual muscles, the proposed scheme is able to effectively differentiate between healthy and stroke subjects. Moreover, the classification rate is shown to be monotonically related to the severity of motor impairment. This simple, biologically-inspired approach is able to quantitatively capture the subtle differences in muscle recruitment patterns between two populations and appears to be a promising means to measure motor performance. The other approach to modeling multivariate sEMG utilizes the HMM-mAR framework, which combines hidden Markov models (HMMs] and multivariate autoregressive (mAR) models. Different forms of sEMG data are analyzed, including raw sEMG, amplitude sEMG and carrier sEMG. The classification between healthy and stroke subjects is performed using structural features derived from estimated model parameters. Both the raw and carrier data produce excellent classification performance. The proposed method represents a fundamental departure from most existing classification methods where only amplitude sEMG is analyzed or mAR coefficients are directly used as feature vectors. In contrast, our analysis shows that the structural features of the carrier sEMG can enhance the classification performance and provide additional insights into motor control.
DISTRIBUTION AND INFESTATION LEVELS OF MANGO SEED WEEVIL IN BARBADOS WITH AN ASSESSMENT OF ITS ECONOMIC IMPACT BETWEEN 1986 AND 1991
Creators: name: Chandler, L. R.
name: Pollard, G. V.
name: Jones, J. E.
name: Chandler, L. R.
name: Pollard, G. V.
name: Jones, J. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: Stemochetus mangiferae (F,), mango seed weevil (MSW) was Firsl reported in the Caribbean in 1984 in St Lucia and by 1986 had spread to Barbados, Dominica, French Guyana, Guadeloupe and Martinique. Since entering Barbados, MSW has spread throughout the island but with generally heavier infestation levels in the northern half of the island (30%) compared with the southern half with less than 10%, in one parish (St Joseph) more than 72 % of all fruit collected were infested. All varieties sampled were infested. Germination tests of infested seed indicated that viable seedlings could be obtained from damaged seed but this was dependent on the extent of damage; the embryo should be intact but up to 50% of the cotyledons could be destroyed. Since its introduction in 1986, MSW has caused BDS$!04,123 (US$1.00 = Bds$2.00) to be spent by the Government on survey costs and research including control attempts. Of more importance is the quarantine significance of MSW to Barbados which is attempting lo increase its mango production for export as part of its agricultural diversification thrust.
Volatility spillovers and the role of leading financial centres
Creators: name: Cifarelli, Giulio
name: Paladino, Giovanna
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Stock Returns, Stocks
subject: G15, G12, O16

description: This paper investigates volatility spillovers between eleven equity markets located in Europe, Asia, Latin America and the US from July 1992 to July 1999. The absolute value of stock returns is adopted as volatility index. The VAR methodology--duly adjusted in order to account for differences in market trading times--is used to examine volatility dependencies across the Asian crisis and to simulate the way local volatilityresponds to a shock in another market using impulse response and variance decomposition analyses. These techniques are implemented on VAR residuals previously filtered with GARCH(1,1) models, as the inference requires normal iid residuals. The evidence suggests that the US market plays a crucial role in transferring news, and arole that varies over time, growing in Asia and declining in Europe. Moreover, there is evidence of discernible differences in the pattern of volatility transmission during the crisis as the dimension and number of volatility spillovers increases--a clear symptom of contagion across markets. JEL Codes: G15, G12, O16
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 216 (2001)
Paying for pensions: how important is economic growth?
Creators: name: Visco, Ignazio
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ageing, Demographics, Economic Growth, Expenditure, Growth, Pension, Population, Productivity
subject: J14, H55, J26, O47

description: This paper focuses on the scope for a higher level of output and faster productivity growth to ease future fiscal pressures stemming from demographic developments in OECD countries over the next fifty years. After concluding that, without substantial reforms, pressure on government spending linked to ageing populations (both on pensions and health expenditures), will in general result in significant increases in expenditures to GDP ratios, the paper examines how these pressures might be redressed. Responses which focus on achieving an increase in the average number of years individuals spend active in the labour force and raising the level as well as widening the sources of individual provision of retirement income are recommended. Increasing output (through lower structural unemployment and higher female and elderly workers' participation rates) and its rate of growth (through gains in productivity) are seen as offering a complementary, though limited, response. JEL Codes: J14, H55, J26, O47
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 216 (2001)
title: Maria Zarębska. Geboren und verwurzelt in Sztynort
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: Als Maria Zarębska geboren wurde, im Juli 1948, war das Dorf Sztynort vom Krieg gezeichnet. Einige masurische Familien lebten noch dort. Die meisten Bewohner waren – wie Marias Eltern – Neulinge. Alle kämpften ums Überleben, mussten miteinander auskommen, sich im sozialistischen Polen zurechtfinden. Für ein Kind wie Maria war all dies „normal“. Aus dem neugierigen Mädchen wurde später eine aufmerksame Chronistin.
Fine-tuning Strategies for Domain Specific Question Answering under Low Annotation Budget Constraints
Creators: name: Guo, Kunpeng
name: Diefenbach, Dennis
name: Gourru, Antoine
name: Gravier, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The progress introduced by pre-trained language models and their fine-tuning has resulted in significant improvements in most downstream NLP tasks. The unsupervised training of a language model combined with further target task fine-tuning has become the standard QA fine-tuning procedure. In this work, we demonstrate that this strategy is sub-optimal for fine-tuning QA models, especially under a low QA annotation budget, which is a usual setting in practice due to the extractive QA labeling cost. We draw our conclusions by conducting an exhaustive analysis of the performance of the alternatives of the sequential fine-tuning strategy on different QA datasets. Based on the experiments performed, we observed that the best strategy to fine-tune the QA model in low-budget settings is taking a pre-trained language model (PLM) and then fine-tuning PLM with a dataset composed of the target dataset and SQuAD dataset. With zero extra annotation effort, the best strategy outperforms the standard strategy by 2.28% to 6.48%. Our experiments provide one of the first investigations on how to best fine-tune a QA system under a low budget and are therefore of the utmost practical interest to the QA practitioners.
Structural biases in prudential regulation of banks
Creators: name: Tonveronachi, Mario
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Bank, Regulation
subject: L51, G28, G21

description: According to Mario Tonveronachi, the Basle rules produce distortions that are no less serious than those attributed to the former structural regulation. Excessive competition is no less harmful than low competition, the level playing field approach helps the large dimension and "too big to fail" results, capital crunches produce serious effects on the economy while the regulatory costs go on absorbing important resources in small banks. It is a matter for further research to verify if the new approach to regulation has also fostered an increase in the part of GDP absorbed by the financial system without bringing about a better distribution of risks and a proportionate increase in what James Tobin (1984) termed full-insurance efficiency. JEL Codes: L51, G28, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 219 (2001)
Arithmetical Datatypes, Fracterms, and The Fraction De?nition Problem
Creators: name: Bergstra, Jan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10101 Algebra and Number Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Transmathematica archive. Please cite as:
J.A. Bergstra, "Arithmetical Datatypes, Fracterms, and the Fraction Definition Problem", Transmathematica, ISSN 2632-9212, pp 1-35, 30 April 2020, https://doi.org/10.36285/tm.33
On the theory of interest rate policy
Creators: name: Spahn, Heinz-Peter
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Interest Rates, Interest, Monetary Policy, Monetary, Policy
subject: E43, E58, E52

description: A new consensus in the theory of monetary policy has been reached pointing to the pivotal role of interest rates that are set in accordance with central banks' reaction functions. The decisive criterion of assessing the Taylor rule, inflation and monetary targeting is not the macrotheoretic foundation of these concepts. They serve as "languages" coordinating heterogeneous beliefs among policy makers and private agents, and should also allow rule-based discretionary policies when markets are in need of leadership. Contrary to the ECB dogma, the Fed is right to have an eye on the risks of inflation and unemployment. JEL Codes: E43, E58, E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 219 (2001)
The balance-of-payments constraint: from balanced trade to sustainable debt
Creators: name: Barbosa-Filho, Nelson H.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Balance of Payments, Open Economies, Open Economy
subject: F32, F41

description: This paper extends the balance-of-payments constraint on growth known as Thirlwall's law to incorporate unbalanced trade and debt accumulation. Assuming that small open economies face a liquidity constraint, the text shows the growth and real-exchange-rate policy rules consistent with a stable ratio of net exports to income. Given such rules, the text shows how the trade balance of a small open economy is residually determined by the ratio of foreign debt to income allowed by international conditions. JEL Codes: F32, F41
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 54, N. 219 (2001)
Entanglement distance for arbitrary $M$-qudit hybrid systems
Creators: name: Cocchiarella, Denise
name: Scali, Stefano
name: Ribisi, Salvatore
name: Nardi, Bianca
name: Bel-Hadj-Aissa, Ghofrane
name: Franzosi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The achievement of quantum supremacy boosted the need for a robust medium of quantum information. In this task, higher-dimensional qudits show remarkable noise tolerance and enhanced security for quantum key distribution applications. However, to exploit the advantages of such states, we need a thorough characterisation of their entanglement. Here, we propose a measure of entanglement which can be computed either for pure and mixed states of a $M$-qudit hybrid system. The entanglement measure is based on a distance deriving from an adapted application of the Fubini-Study metric. This measure is invariant under local unitary transformations and has an explicit computable expression that we derive. In the specific case of $M$-qubit systems, the measure assumes the physical interpretation of an obstacle to the minimum distance between infinitesimally close states. Finally, we quantify the robustness of entanglement of a state through the eigenvalues analysis of the metric tensor associated with it.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.03117