cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Do two flavour oscillations explain both KamLAND data and the Solar Neutrino Spectrum?
Creators: name: Koranga, Bipin Singh
name: Narayan, Mohan
name: Sankar, S. Uma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent measurement of Delta_{sol} by the KamLAND experiment with very small errors, makes definitive predictions for the energy dependence of the solar neutrino survival probability P_{ee}. We fix Delta_{sol} to be the KamLAND best fit value of 8*10^{-5} eV^2 and study the energy dependence of P_{ee} for solar neutrinos in the framework of two flavour oscillations and also of three flavour oscillations. For the case of two flavour oscillations, P_{ee} has a measurable slope in the 5-8 MeV range but the solar spectrum measurements in this range find P_{ee} to be flat. The predicted values of P_{ee}, even for the best fit value of theta_{sol}, differ by 2 to 3 sigma from the Super-K measured values in each of the three energy bins of the 5-8 MeV range. If future measurements of solar neutrinos by Super-K and SNO find a flat spectrum with reduced error bars (by a factor of 2), it will imply that two flavour oscillations can no longer explain both KamLAND data and the solar spectrum. However a flat solar neutrino spectrum and the Delta_{sol} measured by KamLAND can be reconciled in a three flavour oscillation framework with a moderate value of theta_{13} approx 13 degrees.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Sensitivity of direct detection experiments to neutrino magnetic dipole moments
Creators: name: Sierra, D. Aristizabal
name: Branada, R.
name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Garcia, G. Sanchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With large active volume sizes dark matter direct detection experiments are sensitive to solar neutrino fluxes. Nuclear recoil signals are induced by $^8$B neutrinos, while electron recoils are mainly generated by the pp flux. Measurements of both processes offer an opportunity to test neutrino properties at low thresholds with fairly low backgrounds. In this paper we study the sensitivity of these experiments to neutrino magnetic dipole moments assuming 1, 10 and 40 tonne active volumes (representative of XENON1T, XENONnT and DARWIN), 0.3 keV and 1 keV thresholds. We show that with nuclear recoil measurements alone a 40 tonne detector could be as competitive as Borexino, TEXONO and GEMMA, with sensitivities of order $8.0\times 10^{-11}\,μ_B$ at the $90\%$ CL after one year of data taking. Electron recoil measurements will increase sensitivities way below these values allowing to test regions not excluded by astrophysical arguments. Using electron recoil data and depending on performance, the same detector will be able to explore values down to $4.0\times 10^{-12}μ_B$ at the $90\%$ CL in one year of data taking. By assuming a 200-tonne liquid xenon detector operating during 10 years, we conclude that sensitivities in this type of detectors will be of order $10^{-12}\,μ_B$. Reducing statistical uncertainties may enable improving sensitivities below these values.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Agricultural Sustainability and the Introduction of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural development
subject: agricultural sustainability
subject: biodiversity
subject: co-evolution
subject: economic sustainability
subject: genetically modified organisms
subject: GMOs
subject: monopolisation
subject: patents
subject: social sustainability.

description: In order to cater for the predicted growth in global population and aspirations for increased living standards, the world needs to increase substantially its level of agricultural production and sustain agriculture’s increased productivity. New technologies may enable this to occur but they also bring with them increased sustainability problems. There are many complex dimensions to achieving agricultural sustainability such as deciding on what agricultural attributes are worth sustaining and considering what trade-offs in objectives are required. These issues are discussed from a conceptual point of view. It is also shown using economic theory that market-based agriculture limits the opportunity for individual farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural techniques because of competitive economic pressures. It is argued that while modern agricultural methods and increased inter-regional trade have substantially increased agricultural supplies, they have also exacerbated the problem of sustaining agricultural production and yields and have had a disequilibrating effect on rural communities. Although genetic engineering is seen by some as a way forward for increasing agricultural production, it is shown that GMOs do not ensure sustainability of agricultural production and that they can be a source of rural disharmony and can threaten the sustainability of farming communities. Extension of intellectual property rights in new genetic material in recent times, particularly the granting of patents not only on techniques for producing GMOs but on the organisms themselves, have added to sustainability problems faced by modern agriculture.
Local fractional Moisil-Teodorescu operator in quaternionic setting involving Cantor-type coordinate systems
Creators: name: Bory-Reyes, Juan
name: la Rosa, Marco Antonio Pérez-de
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35, 26A33, 34K37

description: In this paper, general quaternionic structure are developed for the local fractional Moisil-Teodorescu operator in Cantor-type cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. Two examples for the Helmholtz equation with local fractional derivatives on the Cantor sets are shown by making use of this local fractional Moisil-Teodorescu operator.
Absence of superconducting dome at the charge-density-wave quantum phase transition in 2H-NbSe2
Creators: name: Moulding, Owen
name: Osmond, Israel
name: Flicker, Felix
name: Muramatsu, Takaki
name: Friedemann, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity is often found in a dome around quantum critical points, i.e. 2nd-order quantum phase transitions. Here, we show that an enhancement of superconductivity is avoided at the critical pressure of the charge-density-wave (CDW) state in NbSe$_2$. We present comprehensive high-pressure Hall effect and magnetic susceptibility measurements of the CDW and superconducting state in NbSe$_2$. Initially, the 2nd-order CDW transition is suppressed smoothly but it drops to zero abruptly at PCDW = 4.4 GPa thus indicating a change to 1st order whilstthe superconducting transition temperature Tc rises continuously up to PCDW but is constant above. The putative 1st-order nature of the CDW transition is suggested as the cause for the absence of a superconducting dome at PCDW. Indeed, we show that the suppression of the superconducting state at low pressures is due to the loss of density of states inside the CDW phase whilst the initial suppression of the CDW state is accounted for by the stiffening of the underlying bare phonon mode.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, SI
Modified Spectral Boundary conditions in the Bag Model
Creators: name: Abrikosov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a reduced form of Atiah-Patodi-Singer spectral boundary conditions for odd ($d$) dimensional spatial bag evolving in even ($d+1$) dimensional space-time. The modified boundary conditions are manifestly chirally invariant and do not depend on time. This allows to apply Hamiltonian approach to confined massless fermions and study chirality effects in spatially closed volume. The modified boundary conditions are equally suitable for chiral fermions in Minkowski and Euclidean metric space-times.
description: Talk given at Seventh Workshop on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External Conditions, QFEXT'05, Barcelona, September 2005
Notes on Biodiversity Conservation, The Rate of Interest and Discounting
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity Conservation

description: This article shows that there is no regular relationship between the level of the rate of interest and the extent to which the conservation of biodiversity is favoured. Microeconomic examples are given in which a rise in the rate of interest adversely affects biodiversity conservation as well as other cases in which the opposite is the case. When these alternative possibilities are taken into account, they suggest that rises in the rate of interest (other things held constant) are more likely than not to aid biodiversity conservation. This is expected to be so when there considerable upfront costs are involved in economic strategies that bring about environmental changes so that in the initial periods the private net benefits from these changes are negative although subsequently they can become significantly positive. Consideration of macroeconomic models reinforces the view that there is no definite association between changes in biodiversity conservation and the rate of interest. This is so assuming that there is a positive association on the whole, between the rate of (man-made) capital accumulation (the investment level) and biodiversity loss. From macroeconomic models, it is clear an increase in the level of aggregate investment can be associated with a rise or fall in the rate of interest (and vice versa) depending on the circumstances. This is illustrated by using a simplified form of the loanable funds theory originally developed by Wicksell but is also consistent with other general theories of the rate of interest. In conclusion, doubts are raised about our ability to enforce a zero (or very low) social rate of discount in market or mixed economy. It is, however, suggested that if a low ceiling is put on the rate of interest, this will reduce savings and consequently, investment and would be favourable to biodiversity conservation given that an increase in the rate of (man-made) capital accumulation is the main contributor to biodiversity loss. Finally, it is noted that mainstream economic models measuring possible welfare streams give no weight to the conservation of biodiversity per se. Therefore, policies designed to achieve the sustainability objectives specified by these models can continue to favour biodiversity loss on economic grounds.
Laser-induced ultrafast insulator-metal transition in $\text{BaBiO}_{3}$
Creators: name: Lukyanov, Alexander E.
name: Neverov, Vyacheslav D.
name: Zhumagulov, Yaroslav V.
name: Menushenkov, Alexey P.
name: Krasavin, Andrey V.
name: Vagov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate ultra-fast coherent quantum dynamics of undoped $\text{BaBiO}_{3}$ driven by a strong laser pulse. Our calculations demonstrate that in a wide range of radiation frequencies and intensities the system undergoes a transient change from the insulating to the metallic state, where the charge density wave and the corresponding energy spectrum gap vanish. The transition takes place on the ultra-fast time scale of tens femtoseconds, comparable to the period of the corresponding lattice vibrations. The dynamics are determined by a complex interplay of the particle-hole excitation over the gap and of the tunnelling through it, giving rise to the highly non-trivial time evolution which comprises high harmonics and reveals periodic reappearance of the gap. The time evolution is obtained by solving the dynamical mean-field theory equations with the realistic parameters for the system and radiation. Results are summarized in the phase diagram, helpful for a possible experimental setup to achieve a dynamical control over the conduction state of this and other materials with the similarly strong electron-phonon interaction.
Is Posner's Principle of Justice an Adequate Basis for Environmental Law?
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Coase theorem
subject: law and economics
subject: Posner’s principle of justice
subject: principles of justice
subject: property rights
subject: Rawls’ principle of justice
subject: tort law
subject: welfare economics

description: Posner adopted the economic principle of wealth maximization as a guiding principle for the dispensation of justice. This resulted in his endorsing the Kaldor-Hicks principle (also known as the potential Paretian improvement principle) as a basis for just laws. This article explores whether this principle is an adequate basis for environmental law. As can be deduced from Fleming, the legal approach adopted by Posner is by no means new because early British tort law was applied in a manner intended to foster economic growth. Nevertheless, the wealth maximization principle is not adequate as a basis for just environmental laws because for one thing it ignores questions involving changes in income distribution. Consequently, Rawls’ principle of justice is examined and compared with that of Posner. The role of property rights in relation to the state of the environment is assessed in the light of Posner’s principle of justice, as is Coase’s theorem supporting a clear definite allocation of private property rights as a solution to environmental problems. Furthermore, in this context, the justification for the taking of private property by the state is examined. It is argued that additional factors to wealth maximization and income distribution must be taken into account in determining whether laws are just. In addition, it is suggested that it is not the sole purpose of the law to dispense justice.
Entanglement for any definition of two subsystems
Creators: name: Cai, Yu
name: Yu, Baichu
name: Jayachandran, Pooja
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Scarani, Valerio
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of entanglement of quantum states is usually defined with respect to a fixed bipartition. Indeed, a global basis change can always map an entangled state to a separable one. The situation is however different when considering a set of states. In this work we define the notion of an "absolutely entangled set" of quantum states: for any possible choice of global basis, at least one of the states in the set is entangled. Hence, for all bipartitions, i.e. any possible definition of the subsystems, the set features entanglement. We present a minimum example of this phenomenon, with a set of four states in $\mathbb{C}^4 = \mathbb{C}^2 \otimes \mathbb{C}^2$. Moreover, we propose a quantitative measure for absolute set entanglement. To lower-bound this quantity, we develop a method based on polynomial optimization to perform convex optimization over unitaries, which is of independent interest.
description: Main: 5 pages, 2 figures; Appendix: 5 pages and 1 figure
The Sustainability of Cotton Production in China and in Australia: Comparative Economic and Environmental Issues
Creators: name: Zhao, Xufu
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Zhao, Xufu
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Australia
subject: China
subject: cotton production
subject: fibre markets
subject: hysteresis of supplies
subject: sustainable agriculture
subject: water resources.

description: After providing some background about the importance of cotton as a fibre, this article provides information about the global relevance of China’s and Australia’s cotton industries and compares the structure and other significant features of their cotton industries. Attention is given to trends in overall cotton yields and the volume of production of cotton globally, in Australia, and in China as indicators of the sustainability of cotton supplies. Some simple economic theory is applied to indicate the relationship between market conditions and the sustainability of global cotton supplies. Then the environmental and economic factors that challenge the sustainability of Australian cotton production are outlined and analysed and this is done subsequently for China’s cotton production. Geographical and regional features that affect the sustainability of cotton supplies in Australia and China are given particular attention. Some new economic theory is proposed to model hysteresis in Australia’s supplies of cotton. Ways of coping with the sustainability difficulties that are being encountered by both these nations are compared. Many of the sustainability challenges facing these two countries are found to differ but some of their environmental obstacles to sustainable cotton production are similar.
Probing $μe γγ$ contact interactions with $μ\to e$ conversion
Creators: name: Davidson, Sacha
name: Kuno, Yoshitaka
name: Uesaka, Yuichi
name: Yamanaka, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contact interactions of a muon, an electron and two photons can contribute to the decay $μ\to e γγ$, but also to the conversion of a muon into an electron in the electric field of a nucleus. We calculate the $μ\to e$ conversion rate, and show that for the coefficients of operators involving the combination $FF \propto |\vec{E}|^2$ (as opposed to $F\tilde{F} \propto \vec{E} \cdot \vec{B}$), the current bound on $μ\to e$ conversion is more sensitive than the bound on $μ\to e γγ$.
description: 14 pages, version accepted for publication
New axially symmetric Yang-Mills-Higgs solutions with negative cosmological constant
Creators: name: Radu, Eugen
name: Tchrakian, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct numerically new axially symmetric solutions of SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs theory in $(3+1)$ anti-de Sitter spacetime. Two types of finite energy, regular configurations are considered: multimonopole solutions with magnetic charge $n>1$ and monopole-antimonopole pairs with zero net magnetic charge. A somewhat detailed analysis of the boundary conditions for axially symmetric solutions is presented. The properties of these solutions are investigated, with a view to compare with those on a flat spacetime background. The basic properties of the gravitating generalizations of these configurations are also discussed.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures; v2: typos corrected
D3.1.10 Draft policy document for training activities for externals/potential EuroFIR partners from Central and East European Countries
Creators: name: IMR Maria Glibetic/Mirjana Pavlovic
name: SLU Cornelia Witthöft, WU Peter Hollman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: NoE and NEXUS Projects
The EuroFIR Food Platform
EuroFIR

description: D 3.1.10 Draft policy document for training activities for externals/potential

EuroFIR partners from Central and East European Countries

 Approach/support official foodcomp contacts only (will be prepared by IMR)

 Priorority: according to contact list:

FIRST priority = Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia,

SECOND priority = Bosnia & Hercegovina, Macedonia, Moldovia and Montenegro,

also Crete, Malta, Cyprus, Romania, Magreb, Egypt (INCO).

 Workshop activities, LanguaL, data base management, quality systems/management and recipe calculation (see D3.1.9.)

 Courses organised by WU: Bratislava shortened food comp course, 2008

 Individual training activities “EuroFIR training grants and PhD fellowships awards for non-EuroFIR partners from European countries and traget countries for specific measures in support of international cooperations” will be focussed on needs and with priority allocated to applicants from above named countries.

Supporting documents:

 IMR address/contacts list

 Minutes of the Training and Capacity Building Workshop for non EuroFIR CEE Countries, Belgrade, Serbia, 5 June 2007 (C Witthöft & M Pavlovic 070607)

 Joint Report on Identified Training Needs of non EuroFIR compilers from Europe and Beyond Activities (J Porubska, M Pavlovic et al, 2007)

 M Pavlovic et al. Training needs and capacity building in CEE Europe (working title, to be submitted to Food Chemistry)

 Report about the IMR 44 Serbia activities in WP 3.1 and task 6 on inventory about training needs in CEE countries (IMR report)

 Report on the workshop on strengthening capacity in Central and Eastern European Countries, October 2006, Bratislava, Slovakia (M Porubska)

 Pavlovic M, Oshaug A, Pepping F. Report of the inauguration meeting of the Network for Capacity Development in Nutrition, 2006.

 All presentations from participants of the Training and Capacity Building Workshop for non EuroFIR CEE Countries, Belgrade, Serbia, 5 June 2007 (given to Dawn Wright on SMB meeting in Zürich)

 Participants list of the Training and Capacity Building Workshop for non EuroFIR CEE Countries, Belgrade, Serbia, 5 June 2007
Collaborating in the marine realm : principles and practices for better outcomes in marine reserve decision-making : an evaluation of the Florida Keys Tortugas 2000 process
Creators: name: Bicego, Sandra Nichela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The need for more focused approaches to both restoring and protecting marine biodiversity, habitats and fisheries has led to an upsurge of interest in the use of no-take zones, or "reserves" as marine planning tools. Despite careful scientific planning, marine reserves tend to generate a high level of public conflict and often fail to achieve their objectives because planners do not effectively include the people and the societal dynamics surrounding a marine proposal. Marine reserve experts emphasize that 'the human element, including stakeholder involvement in the planning stages for marine reserves, is critical in determining whether a marine reserve will successfully meet its objectives or whether it will result in resentment and non-compliance by individuals and communities that face restrictions on current and future uses (NRC 2001, 12).' It is the meaningful involvement of interested parties early in decisionmaking processes that dictate whether or not, and to what extent, marine reserves will proceed to designation and be supported into the future. The goal of this thesis is to identify the principles and practices of collaboration that lead to meaningful stakeholder involvement in marine reserve planning processes, which in turn facilitate greater support for processes and their outcomes. A review of wellknown literature on multistakeholder decision-making in the fields of natural resources planning identifies key principles which could be applied to marine reserve establishment. A framework of eight overarching principles is assembled from the literature to meet the thesis goal. The framework is applied to the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary to evaluate the collaborative efforts of the Tortugas 2000 WG process. The findings show that the Tortugas 2000 process provides an example of successful collaborative marine reserve planning and decision-making. The case study provides strong confirmation of the kind of principles and practices that are effective in ensuring a meaningful, fair and comprehensive process, which in turn facilitates greater stakeholder buy-in to the process and support for agreed outcomes. The strengths discussed in the final chapter support the utility of the framework as a guide for planners to both evaluate and design collaborative marine planning processes.
Phase stability of Au-Li binary systems studied using neural network potential
Creators: name: Shimizu, Koji
name: Arguelles, Elvis F.
name: Li, Wenwen
name: Ando, Yasunobu
name: Minamitani, Emi
name: Watanabe, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The miscibility of Au and Li exhibits a potential application as an adhesion layer and electrode material in secondary batteries. Here, to explore alloying properties, we constructed a neural network potential (NNP) of Au-Li binary systems based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. To accelerate construction of NNPs, we proposed an efficient and inexpensive method of structural dataset generation. The predictions by the constructed NNP on lattice parameters and phonon properties agree well with those obtained by DFT calculations. We also investigated the mixing energy of Au$_{1-x}$Li$_{x}$ with fine composition grids, showing excellent agreement with DFT verifications. We found the existence of various compositions with structures on and slightly above the convex hull, which can explain the lack of consensus on the Au-Li stable phases in previous studies. Moreover, we newly found Au$_{0.469}$Li$_{0.531}$ as a stable phase, which has never been reported elsewhere. Finally, we examined the alloying process starting from the phase separated structure to the complete mixing phase. We found that when multiple adjacent Au atoms dissolved into Li, the alloying of the entire Au/Li interface started from the dissolved region. This paper demonstrates the applicability of NNPs toward miscible phases and provides the understanding of the alloying mechanism.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Physical and chemical structure of dense cores in regions of high mass star formation
Creators: name: Zinchenko, Igor
name: Pirogov, Lev
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Johansson, Lars E. B.
name: Malafeev, Sergey
name: Turner, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We found that in regions of high mass star formation the CS emission correlates well with the dust continuum emission and is therefore a good tracer of the total mass while the N$_2$H$^+$ distribution is frequently very different. This is opposite to their typical behavior in low-mass cores where freeze-out plays a crucial role in the chemistry. The behavior of other high density tracers varies from source to source but most of them are closer to CS. Radial density profiles in massive cores are fitted by power laws with indices about -1.6, as derived from the dust continuum emission. The radial temperature dependence on intermediate scales is close to the theoretically expected one for a centrally heated optically thin cloud. The velocity dispersion either remains constant or decreases from the core center to the edge. Several cores including those without known embedded IR sources show signs of infall motions. They can represent the earliest phases of massive protostars. There are implicit arguments in favor of small-scale clumpiness in the cores.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to be published in "Massive star birth: A crossroads of Astrophysics", IAU Symposium Proceedings of the international Astronomical Union 227, Held 16-20 May, Italy, edited by Cesaroni, R.; Felli, M.; Churchwell, E.; Walmsley, M. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005
Decay of two-dimensional quantum turbulence in binary Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Thudiyangal, Mithun
name: Kasamatsu, Kenichi
name: Dey, Bishwajyoti
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-dimensional quantum turbulence in miscible binary Bose-Einstein condensates in either a harmonic trap or a steep-wall trap through the numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The turbulence is generated through a Gaussian stirring potential. When the condensates have unequal intra-component coupling strengths or asymmetric trap frequencies, the turbulent condensates undergo a dramatic decay dynamics to an interlaced array of vortex-antidark structures, a quasi-equilibrium state, of like-signed vortices with an extended size of the vortex core. The time of formation of this state is shortened when the parameter asymmetry of the intra-component couplings or the trap frequencies are enhanced. The corresponding spectrum of the incompressible kinetic energy exhibits two noteworthy features: (i) a $k^{-3}$ power-law around the range of the wave number determined by the spin healing length (the size of the extended vortex-core) and (ii) a flat region around the range of the wave number determined by the density healing length. The latter is associated with the small scale phase fluctuation relegated outside the Thomas-Fermi radius and is more prominent as the strength of intercomponent interaction approaches the strength of intra-component interaction. We also study the impact of the inter-component interaction to the cluster formation of like-signed vortices in an elliptical steep-wall trap, finding that the inter-component coupling gives rise to the decay of the clustered configuration.
Symmetry driven topological phases in XAgBi (X=Ba,Sr): An Ab-initio hybrid functional calculations
Creators: name: Barman, Chanchal K.
name: Mondal, Chiranjit
name: Pathak, Biswarup
name: Alam, Aftab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) approaches have been ubiquitously used to predict topological order and non-trivial band crossings in real materials, like Dirac, Weyl semimetals and so on. However, use of less accurate exchange-correlation functional often yields false prediction of non-trivial band order leading to misguide the experimental judgment about such materials. Using relatively more accurate hybrid functional exchange-correlation, we explore a set of (already) experimentally synthesized materials (crystallizing in space group P6_3/mmc) Our calculations based on more accurate functional helps to correct various previous predictions for this material class. Based on point group symmetry analysis and ab-initio calculations, we systematically show how lattice symmetry breaking via alloy engineering manifests different fermionic behavior, namely Dirac, triple point and Weyl in a single material. Out of various compounds, XAgBi (X=Ba,Sr) turn out to be two ideal candidates, in which the topological nodal point lie very close to the Fermi level, within minimal/no extra Fermi pocket. We further studied the surface states and Fermi arc topology on the surface of Dirac, triple point and Weyl semimetallic phases of BaAgBi. We firmly believe that, while the crystal symmetry is essential to protect the band crossings, the use of accurate exchange correlation functional in any DFT calculation is an important necessity for correct prediction of band order which can be trusted and explored in future experiments.
Hodge theory on nearly Kaehler manifolds
Creators: name: Verbitsky, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let (M,I, ω, Ω) be a nearly Kaehler 6-manifold, that is, an SU(3)-manifold with the (3,0)-form Ωand the Hermitian form ωwhich satisfies $dω=3λ\ReΩ, d\ImΩ=-2λω^2$, for a non-zero real constant λ. We develop an analogue of Kaehler relations on M, proving several useful identities for various intrinsic Laplacians on M. When M is compact, these identities bring powerful results about cohomology of M. We show that harmonic forms on M admit the Hodge decomposition, and prove that H^{p,q}(M)=0 unless p=q or (p=1, q=2) or (p=2, q=1).
description: v. 8.0, 22 pages, final version (accepted by G&T), introduction cleaned up a bit
Asymptotic phase-locking dynamics and critical coupling strength for the Kuramoto model
Creators: name: Ha, Seung-Yeal
name: Ryoo, Sang Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B48, 92D25

description: We study the asymptotic clustering (phase-locking) dynamics for the Kuramoto model. For the analysis of emergent asymptotic patterns in the Kuramoto flow, we introduce the pathwise critical coupling strength which yields a sharp transition from partial phase-locking to complete phase-locking, and provide nontrivial upper bounds for the pathwise critical coupling strength. Numerical simulations suggest that multi- and mono-clusters can emerge asymptotically in the Kuramoto flow depending on the relative magnitude of the coupling strength compared to the sizes of natural frequencies. However, theoretical and rigorous analysis for such phase-locking dynamics of the Kuramoto flow still lacks a complete understanding, although there were some recent progress on the complete synchronization of the Kuramoto model in a sufficiently large coupling strength regime. In this paper, we present sufficient frameworks for partial phase-locking of a majority ensemble and the complete phase-locking in terms of the initial phase configuration, coupling strength and natural frequencies. As a by-product of our analysis, we obtain nontrivial upper bounds for the pathwise critical coupling strength in terms of the diameter of natural frequencies, initial Kuramoto order parameter and the system size $N$. We also show that phase-locked states whose order parameters are less than $N^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ are linearly unstable.
description: 45 pages, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Neutron star tidal deformability and equation of state constraints
Creators: name: Chatziioannou, Katerina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their long history and astrophysical importance, some of the key properties of neutron stars are still uncertain. The extreme conditions encountered in their interiors, involving matter of uncertain composition at extreme density and isospin asymmetry, uniquely determine the stars' macroscopic properties within General Relativity. Astrophysical constraints on those macroscopic properties, such as neutron star masses and radii, have long been used to understand the microscopic properties of the matter that forms them. In this article we discuss another astrophysically observable macroscopic property of neutron stars that can be used to study their interiors: their tidal deformation. Neutron stars, much like any other extended object with structure, are tidally deformed when under the influence of an external tidal field. In the context of coalescences of neutron stars observed through their gravitational wave emission, this deformation, quantified through a parameter termed the \emph{tidal deformability}, can be measured. We discuss the role of the tidal deformability in observations of coalescing neutron stars with gravitational waves and how it can be used to probe the internal structure of Nature's most compact matter objects. Perhaps inevitably, a large portion of the discussion will be dictated by GW170817, the most informative confirmed detection of a binary neutron star coalescence with gravitational waves as of the time of writing.
description: invited review for General Relativity and Gravitation, published version
Size and asymmetry of the reaction entrance channel: influence on the probability of neck production
Creators: name: Milazzo, P. M.
name: Vannini, G.
name: Agodi, C.
name: Alba, R.
name: Bellia, G.
name: Colonna, N.
name: Coniglione, R.
name: Del Zoppo, A.
name: Finocchiaro, P.
name: Gramegna, F.
name: Iori, I.
name: Maiolino, C.
name: Margagliotti, G. V.
name: Mastinu, P. F.
name: Migneco, E.
name: Moroni, A.
name: Piattelli, P.
name: Rui, R.
name: Santonocito, D.
name: Sapienza, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of experiments performed to investigate the Ni+Al, Ni+Ni, Ni+Ag reactions at 30 MeV/nucleon are presented. From the study of dissipative midperipheral collisions, it has been possible to detect events in which Intermediate Mass Fragments (IMF) production takes place. The decay of a quasi-projectile has been identified; its excitation energy leads to a multifragmentation totally described in terms of a statistical disassembly of a thermalized system (T$\simeq$4 MeV, E$^*\simeq$4 MeV/nucleon). Moreover, for the systems Ni+Ni, Ni+Ag, in the same nuclear reaction, a source with velocity intermediate between that of the quasi-projectile and that of the quasi-target, emitting IMF, is observed. The fragments produced by this source are more neutron rich than the average matter of the overall system, and have a charge distribution different, with respect to those statistically emitted from the quasi-projectile. The above features can be considered as a signature of the dynamical origin of the midvelocity emission. The results of this analysis show that IMF can be produced via different mechanisms simultaneously present within the same collision. Moreover, once fixed the characteristics of the quasi-projectile in the three considered reactions (in size, excitation energy and temperature), one observes that the probability of a partner IMF production via dynamical mechanism has a threshold (not present in the Ni+Al case) and increases with the size of the target nucleus.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication on Nuclear Physics A
RIS-Assisted Coverage Enhancement in Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Nemati, Mahyar
name: Park, Jihong
name: Choi, Jinho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) bandwidth is one key enabler to achieve the high data rates in the fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems. However, mmWave signals suffer from significant path loss due to high directivity and sensitivity to blockages, limiting its adoption within small-scale deployments. To enhance the coverage of mmWave communication in 5G and beyond, it is promising to deploy a large number of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) that passively reflect mmWave signals towards desired directions. With this motivation, in this work we study the coverage of an RIS-assisted large-scale mmWave cellular network using stochastic geometry, and derive the peak reflection power expression of an RIS and the downlink signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) coverage expression in closed forms. These analytic results clarify the effectiveness of deploying RISs in the mmWave SIR coverage enhancement, while unveiling the major role of the density ratio between active base stations (BSs) and passive RISs. Furthermore, the results show that deploying passive reflectors is as effective as equipping BSs with more active antennas in the mmWave coverage enhancement. Simulation results confirm the tightness of the closed form expressions, corroborating our major findings based on the derived expressions.
description: Accepted in IEEE ACCESS, Copyright (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to use this material for any other purposes must be obtained from the IEEE by sending a request to pubs-permissions@ieee.org
Fundamental Properties of O-Type Stars
Creators: name: Heap, Sara R.
name: Lanz, Thierry
name: Hubeny, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of high-resolution, far-UV HST/STIS, FUSE, and optical spectra of 17 O stars in the SMC. Our analysis is based on NLTE metal line-blanketed model atmospheres calculated with our NLTE code TLUSTY. We systematically explore the sensitivity of various UV and optical lines to different stellar parameters. We have obtained consistent fits of the UV and the optical spectrum to derive the effective temperature, surface gravity, surface composition, and microturbulent velocity of each star. Stellar radii, masses, luminosities and ages then follow. Similarly to more limited recent studies, we derive cooler temperatures than the standard Teff calibration of O stars. We propose a new calibration between the spectral type and effective temperature based on our results from UV metal lines as well as optical hydrogen and helium lines. For stars of the same spectral subtype, we find a general good agreement between Teff determinations obtained with TLUSTY, CMFGEN, and FASTWIND models. We derive ionizing luminosities that are smaller by a factor of 3 compared to luminosities inferred from previous standard calibrations. The chemical composition analysis reveals that the surface of about 3/4 of the program stars is moderately to strongly enriched in nitrogen, while showing the original helium, carbon, and oxygen abundances. Our results support the new stellar evolution models that predict that the surface of fast rotating stars becomes N-rich during the main sequence phase because of rotationally-induced mixing. Most stars exhibit the ``mass discrepancy'' problem. This discrepancy too is a result of fast rotation which lowers the measured effective gravity. Our study thus emphasizes the importance of rotation in our understanding of the properties of massive stars. (abridged)
description: Submitted to Astrophysical Journal; 69 pages
Upper limit on the eta -> pi+pi- branching ratio with the KLOE experiment
Creators: name: KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched with the KLOE detector for the P and CP violating decay eta -> pi^+pi^- in a sample of 1.55 x 10^7 eta's from the decay phi -> eta gamma of phi mesons produced in e+e- annihilations at DAFNE. No signal is found. We obtain the upper limit BR(eta -> pi^+pi^-) < 1.3 x 10^-5 at 90% confidence level.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Link groups of 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Krushkal, Vyacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of a Bing cell is introduced, and it is used to define invariants, link groups, of 4-manifolds. Bing cells combine some features of both surfaces and 4-dimensional handlebodies, and the link group λ(M) measures certain aspects of the handle structure of a 4-manifold M. This group is a quotient of the fundamental group, and examples of manifolds are given with π_1(M) not equal to λ(M). The main construction of the paper is a generalization of the Milnor group, which is used to formulate an obstruction to embeddability of Bing cells into 4-space. Applications to the A-B slice problem and to the structure of topological arbiters are discussed.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures. v.3: minor phrasing changes
Short Proofs of Summation and Transformation Formulas for Basic Hypergeometric Series
Creators: name: Guo, Victor J. W.
name: Zeng, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D15, 05A30

description: We show that several terminating summation and transformation formulas for basic hypergeometric series can be proved in a straightforward way. Along the same line, new finite forms of Jacobi's triple product identity and Watson's quintuple product identity are also proved.
description: 17 pages, to appear in J. Math. Anal. Appl. See also http://math.univ-lyon1.fr/~guo
Time-Dependent Pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians and a Hidden Geometric Aspect of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-Hermitian operator $H$ defined in a Hilbert space with inner product $\langle\cdot|\cdot\rangle$ may serve as the Hamiltonian for a unitary quantum system, if it is $η$-pseudo-Hermitian for a metric operator (positive-definite automorphism) $η$. The latter defines the inner product $\langle \cdot|η\cdot\rangle $ of the physical Hilbert space $\mathscr{H} _η$ of the system. For situations where some of the eigenstates of $H$ depend on time, $η$ becomes time-dependent. Therefore the system has a non-stationary Hilbert space. Such quantum systems, which are also encountered in the study of quantum mechanics in cosmological backgrounds, suffer from a conflict between the unitarity of time evolution and the unobservability of the Hamiltonian. Their proper treatment requires a geometric framework which clarifies the notion of the energy observable and leads to a geometric extension of quantum mechanics (GEQM). We provide a general introduction to the subject, review some of the recent developments, offer a straightforward description of the Heisenberg-picture formulation of the dynamics for quantum systems having a time-dependent Hilbert space, and outline the Heisenberg-picture formulation of dynamics in GEQM.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Schwarz inequality and concurrence
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
name: Björk, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a relation between the Schwarz inequality and the generalized concurrence of an arbitrary, pure, bipartite or tripartite state. This relation places concurrence in a geometrical and functional-analytical setting.
description: 6 pages