cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting pKa : theory and applications
Creators: name: Ho, Junming
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: QD544.3.H6 2011
subject: Solvation
subject: Acidity function
subject: Thermodynamic cycles

description: This thesis is concerned with the development of computational procedures for making reliable estimates of general acidities in the gas and condensed phases, and also their application in the study of substituent effects on acids that are important in biology and synthesis. This could provide new insights into the mechanism of enzymatic reactions, as well as improve the control of the (e.g stereochemical) outcomes of certain synthetic reactions. The main focus of this thesis is on methods based on thermodynamic cycles which combine high-level ab initio gas phase energies with solvation free energies from continuum solvent models to yield the solution reaction free energy. Various thermodynamic cycles have been investigated, including the direct/absolute method, the proton exchange method as well as the hybrid cluster-continuum schemes that employ explicit solvent molecules. A thorough assessment of the performance of these cycles in predicting general aqueous acidities has been carried out to help identify a generally applicable approach for chemically accurate pKa prediction. Through this work, a reference-independent cluster-continuum proton exchange scheme has been developed which performed well for small and conformationally rigid acids of various functionalities. Additionally, a class of larger and conformationally flexible polyprotic acids, known as oxicams, has also been studied, and issues related to modeling of these more complex acids are highlighted. Using the methods developed from this work, the effects of various amide nitrogen substituents on the stability of amide and peptide enolates in the gas and condensed phase were investigated. An unusual distal effect was discovered whereby N-electron-withdrawing substituents and hydrogen bonding to the amide nitrogen were found to significantly increase the acidity of the distal {u03B1}-carbon compared with that proximal to the amide nitrogen. The extent of the effect was such that the {u03B1}-carbon acidities of some N-substituted amides were found to exceed those of typical ketones. The origin of these substituent effects was examined and validated via experimental NMR kinetic measurements, and their relevance to the mechanism of isomerase-catalysed peptide epimerization is also discussed. Additionally, synthetic work has been carried out to demonstrate how these effects might be exploited in synthesis.
title: Αλληλεπίδραση γονιδίων και διατροφικών παραγόντων σε διάφορες παθήσεις
title: Interaction of genes and nutritional factors in various diseases
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σιέττου, Αναστασία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Διατροφή
Διατροφογεντική
Διατροφογενωμική
Ασθένειες
Γονίδια

description: Η διατροφή κατέχει εξέχουσα θέση στη ζωή του ανθρώπου αφού συμβάλλει στην επιβίωση, την ευεξία αλλά και στην καλή ποιότητα ζωής του. Αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της καθημερινότητάς των ανθρώπων και η διαμόρφωση μιας συγκεκριμένης διατροφής επηρεάζεται από πληθώρα παραγόντων. Ωστόσο παρά τα πλεονεκτήματα που μπορεί να προσφέρει η διατροφή στη ζωή μας, είναι εξίσου πιθανό να αποβεί ιδιαίτερα επικίνδυνη όταν δεν υιοθετείται με έναν σωστό τρόπο. Η πρόσληψη τροφών φτωχών σε θρεπτικά συστατικά καθώς και η κατανάλωση αλόγιστων ποσοτήτων ενδέχεται να φέρει τα αντίθετα από τα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα. Παρόλα αυτά, τα τελευταία χρόνια έχουν έρθει στο προσκήνιο μερικές νέες έννοιες, άμεσα συνδεδεμένες με τη σχέση της διατροφής και της υγείας. Αυτές δεν είναι άλλες από τη διατροφογενωμική και τη διατροφογενετική. Αυτές οι δύο επιστήμες μελετούν το ρόλο των γονιδίων αλλά και την αλληλεπίδραση τους σε σχέση με ένα εξατομικευμένο διαιτολόγιο. Επιπρόσθετα, ασχολούνται με τι αποτελέσματα θα φέρει η ανωτέρω αλληλεπίδραση τόσο στην πρόληψη όσο και στην αντιμετώπιση διαφόρων παθήσεων. Στην παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία, αναλύονται, αρχικά, ποικίλοι όροι οι οποίοι θα βοηθήσουν στην κατανόηση των σημαντικών αυτών επιστημών. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται παρουσίαση συγκεκριμένων ασθενειών ( σακχαρώδης διαβήτης τύπου 2, νόσος Alzheimer, νόσος Parkinson, πλευρική αμυοτροφική σκλήρυνση και άνοια με σώματα Lewy) και ανάλυση των συμπτωμάτων τους καθώς και των επιδημιολογικών δεδομένων που τις χαρακτηρίζουν. Περιγράφεται η συμβολή της σωστής διατροφής στην πρόληψη και αντιμετώπιση τους μέσω συγκεκριμένων τροφών με ισχυρή αντιοξειδωτική και αντιφλεγμονώδη δράση. Επιπλέον, προτείνονται ειδικά διατροφικά πρότυπα που αποδεικνύονται ως τα πλέον βοηθητικά σε σχέση με τις νόσους που περιεγράφηκαν. Ακολούθως, πραγματοποιείται εμβάθυνση στον τρόπο με τον οποίο διεξάγονται και λειτουργούν η διατροφογενωμική και η διατροφογενετική αλλά και οι διαφορές που τις χαρακτηρίζουν. Η εργασία εστιάζει στον αντίκτυπο των δύο επιστημονικών πεδίων σε συγκεκριμένα νοσήματα όπως ο διαβήτης τύπου 2, οι δυσανεξίες και η κοιλιοκάκη, η έλλειψη ενζύμου G6PD και διάφορα μεταβολικά σύνδρομα. Τέλος, αναλύεται η επίδραση ενός ειδικού τύπου διατροφής σε μονογονιδιακές ασθένειες καθώς και σε ολόκληρο το γονιδίωμα του ανθρώπου.
Theory of general reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Lattimore, Tor
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Reinforcement learning
subject: Reinforcement learning Mathematical models
subject: Artificial intelligence Mathematical models

description: Reinforcement learning is the task of learning to act well in a variety of unknown environments. The traditional approach is to study small classes and construct computationally and data efficient algorithms to minimise some form of loss function such as regret or sample-complexity. The grand dream, however, is to solve the problem where the class of possible environments is sufficiently large to include any challenge that might reasonably be faced by an agent living in this universe. Such a universal agent could learn to play chess, do the washing up, make money in finance, understand language, write beautiful poetry (if rewarding) and generally act with (super) human intelligence. The task is so difficult that in this thesis I decouple the problems of data and computation efficiency and focus only on the former. What is an upper bound on the rate of learning and what is the largest class of environments for which learning is possible? How can intelligence be measured? What ought the loss function be? Since these problems cannot (yet) be tackled experimentally, I take a theoretical approach, sometimes even constructing agents that provably cannot be computed. I consider both the prediction setting where actions/predictions do not affect the environment, as well as the full reinforcement learning case. In both cases I derive asymptotic results and finite sample-complexity bounds on the performance of some predictor or policy in very general settings where data is typically non-stationary and dependent (even non-Markov). In some extreme cases learning is impossible, so some results are unfortunately quite negative, especially in the reinforcement learning framework. Nevertheless, provided the environment class is not too large I show that some form of learning is usually possible.
Stochastic Fractal and Noether's Theorem
Creators: name: Rahman, Rakibur
name: Nowrin, Fahima
name: Rahman, M. Shahnoor
name: Wattis, Jonathan A. D.
name: Hassan, Md. Kamrul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the binary fragmentation problem in which, at any breakup event, one of the daughter segments either survives with probability $p$ or disappears with probability $1\!-\!p$. It describes a stochastic dyadic Cantor set that evolves in time, and eventually becomes a fractal. We investigate this phenomenon, through analytical methods and Monte Carlo simulation, for a generic class of models, where segment breakup points follow a symmetric beta distribution with shape parameter $α$, which also determines the fragmentation rate. For a fractal dimension $d_f$, we find that the $d_f$-th moment $M_{d_f}$ is a conserved quantity, independent of $p$ and $α$. We use the idea of data collapse -- a consequence of dynamical scaling symmetry -- to demonstrate that the system exhibits self-similarity. In an attempt to connect the symmetry with the conserved quantity, we reinterpret the fragmentation equation as the continuity equation of a Euclidean quantum-mechanical system. Surprisingly, the Noether charge corresponding to dynamical scaling is trivial, while $M_{d_f}$ relates to a purely mathematical symmetry: quantum-mechanical phase rotation in Euclidean time.
description: 11 pages, 6 captioned figures each containing 2 subfigures
Cicadoidea
Creators: name: De Santis, Cecilia L.
name: Medrano, María Celeste
name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Bolcatto, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia

description: Superfamilia Cicadoidea
Los ejemplares de esta superfamilia reciben el nombre vernáculo de chicharras o cigarras. Conforman un grupo moderadamente grande y homogéneo de unas 4000 especies inventariadas por Wade (1964). En 1963 Metcalf realiza una revisión bibliográfica de lo publicado para la familia y la divide en dos grupos casi igualmente numerosas (Tibicinidae y Cicadidae sensu stricto). Posteriormente Richards y Davies (1984) agrupa a la inmensa mayoría de las especies dentro de la familia Cicadidae con una segunda familia muy pequeña: los Tettigarctidae (con solo 2 especies Tetitgarcta tomentosa de Tasmania y T. crinita del SE de Australia) (Ajmat y Ajmat de Toledo, 1997). Esta división es sustentada por el reciente análisis cladístico de Moulds (2005).
description: Published as part of De Santis, Cecilia L., Medrano, María Celeste, Sanborn, Allen F. & Bolcatto, Pablo G., 2007, Cicádidos (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadidae) Del Museo Provincial De Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Santa Fe, Argentina, pp. 1-19 in Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Serie Catálogo 19 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8228308
Predictors of Readiness to Change in Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Creators: name: Reyner, Jacqueline Cooper
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Battered Women
domestic violence
intimate partner violence
PTSD
Stages of Change
Transtheoretical Model

description: This study examined demographic, psychological, and relational predictors of readiness to change in IPV victims as well as whether both victim and abusive partner readiness to change predicted subsequent abuse victimization. Data were collected via interview and self-report from 197 men who presented for counseling for relationship violence perpetration at a community agency and their female relationship partners. Results from bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses indicated that greater PTSD symptoms, higher income, less contact with the abusive partner, and being separated were all related to greater victim readiness to change. After accounting for frequency of abuse, PTSD symptoms remained the only significant predictor. Neither partners' readiness to change predicted subsequent abuse victimization.  Results highlight the need for further research defining readiness to change, for the clinical assessment of PTSD in IPV victims, and for future research on factors influencing safety from abuse.
Tightly bound gap solitons in a Fermi gas
Creators: name: Adhikari, S. K.
name: Malomed, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the mean-field-hydrodynamic model of a degenerate Fermi gas (DFG), we study, by means of numerical methods and variational approximation (VA), the formation of fundamental gap solitons (FGSs) in a DFG (or in a BCS superfluid generated by weak interaction between spin-up and spin-down fermions), which is trapped in a periodic optical-lattice (OL) potential. An effectively one-dimensional (1D) configuration is considered, assuming strong transverse confinement; in parallel, a proper 1D model of the DFG (which amounts to the known quintic equation for the Tonks-Girardeau gas in the OL) is considered too. The FGSs found in the first two bandgaps of the OL-induced spectrum (unless they are very close to edges of the gaps) feature a tightly-bound shape, being essentially confined to a single cell of the OL. In the second bandgap, we also find antisymmetric tightly-bound subfundamental solitons (SFSs), with zero at the midpoint. The SFSs are also confined to a single cell of the OL, but, unlike the FGSs, they are unstable. The predicted solitons, consisting of $\sim 10^4 - 10^5$ atoms, can be created by available experimental techniques in the DFG of $^6$Li atoms.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Beyond the object : an intersection of design and research within a sustainability context
Creators: name: Hocking, Viveka Turnbull
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: NK1510.H63 2011
subject: Design Social aspects
subject: Sustainability.

description: Since the notion of 'research through design' was included in Frayling's now famous 1993 paper 'Research in Art and Design' many in the design discipline have been exploring the nature of such an approach. This study explores what a research-through-design approach could be like for developing socially oriented research outcomes particularly in regards to sustainability. Much of design research focuses on constructing knowledge related to artefacts. In contrast, this study uses the design approach to construct non-object-orientated knowledge about possible futures. By non-object-orientated I am referring to a design process which does not focus on the artefact and instead is seen as facilitating the practice of everyday life. Hence, the purpose of this study is to construct a design-led methodology for the context of sustainability. To construct this design-led methodology I compile components from design practice, design research and sustainable design theory to re-mould design into a research methodology. I have also used a design project approach to construct the methodology which is reflected in the structure of the thesis. This approach includes starting with a brief, then compiling the theoretical components and context in the background research, to be distilled into a concept for the methodology. This concept is encapsulated in the notion of enabling design from within the system of the everyday. Then I use field work conducted in a rural Australian town to develop this concept, where participants are engaged in a process of imagining possible futures of sustainable wellbeing for their town. This step applied a 'thinking by doing' approach to further develop the concept into an outcome. The outcome is a proposal for a methodology which I call Bigamatics. This final methodology is presented as a mock-up of a guide book for early researchers to develop their own design-led research projects. I see design research as sitting within a socially oriented research context as all design outcomes are fundamental about society. Hence this design-led methodology should be of use not only to design but to socially oriented researchers more generally. However, this study only attempts to initiate this conversation between a wider variety of researchers, hoping to continue this discourse into the future. The proposed methodology is constructed for an academic context though could also be developed for wider application such as community-based and practice-based projects.
Properties of the Quark Gluon Plasma: A lattice perspective
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss results from lattice calculations for a few observables that are sensitive to different length scales in the high temperature phase of QCD and can give insight into its non-perturbative structure. We compare lattice results with perturbative calculations at high temperature obtained for vanishing and non-vanishing quark chemical potential.
description: plenary talk given at Hard Probes 2006, June 9-16, 2006, Asilomar, CA, USA; 9 pages, 10 EPS-figures
Nutty Kaluza-Klein dyons revisited
Creators: name: Bogush, Igor
name: Clément, Gérard
name: Gal'tsov, Dmitri
name: Torbunov, Dmitrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the previous analysis of (locally) asymptotically flat solutions of Kaluza-Klein (KK) theory by assuming that the dilaton charge is an independent parameter. This corresponds to a general nondegenerate matrix of charges within the geodesic sigma model approach and comes into contact with singular solutions of the four-dimensional Einstein-scalar theory. New features of the degenerate class of solutions, which includes regular KK black holes, are also revealed. Solving the constraint equation, we find three distinct branches of the dilaton charge as a function of the other asymptotic charges, one of which contains the previously known solutions, and the other two, related by electric/magnetic duality, are new and singular. We also investigate whether a super-extreme non-rotating solution in the presence of a Newman-Unti-Tamburino (NUT) charge can become a wormhole, as is the case in Einstein-Maxwell theory. It is shown that the dilaton prevents this possibility, while non-traversable five-dimensional vacuum gravitational wormholes can exist. Finally, we analyze the geodesic structure within the chronosphere around the Misner string of Nutty KK dyons, showing that there are no closed timelike geodesics.
description: 45 pages, 22 figures
Unraveling US Newspapers’ Digital and Print Subscriptions in the Context of Price, 2016–2022
Creators: name: Chyi, Hsiang Iris
name: Jeong, Sun Ho
Publisher: name: Media and Communication
Year: 2024
Subjects: Covid-19
digital subscription
digital transformation
newspaper circulation
newspapers
subscription revenue

description: Despite industry-wide efforts in digitally transforming news organizations, research showed that most newspapers’ legacy products still outperformed the same newspaper’s digital offerings in terms of engagement, circulation, readership, pricing, advertising, and subscription revenue—all by a wide margin. But Covid-19 created an unprecedented scenario where the need for instant, local news updates, the fear of contacting anything tangible, and financial stress may have changed consumer behavior. To assess the state of the newspaper industry, this study analyzes short-term and long-term trends in US newspapers’ digital and print circulation before and during the pandemic. The analysis considered price, an important factor often neglected in discussions about newspaper demand. Utilizing rich industry data, this study analyzed 18 US metro daily newspapers’ circulation trends during 2016–2022. The results revealed that digital circulation increased rapidly after the onset of Covid-19 but subsequently decreased after reaching the peak in Q3 2021. Print circulation continued its rapid decline since 2016, accompanied by continuous, substantial price hikes for print subscriptions—a typical print subscription now costs over $1,000 a year. Despite circulation declines, the print edition remains the core product, with more subscribers paying far more than digital subscribers. Because of the immense price gap (6 to 1), the seemingly promising increase in digital subscriptions during Covid-19 could not generate nearly as much revenue to cover the loss on the print side, resulting in a substantial loss in total subscription revenue. The state of the US newspaper industry needs immediate attention.
Manifest superconformal covariance in six-dimensional (2,0) theory
Creators: name: Arvidsson, Par
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A superconformal generalization of Dirac's formalism for manifest conformal covariance is presented and applied to the free (2,0) tensor multiplet field theory in six dimensions. A graded symmetric superfield, defined on a supercone in a higher-dimensional superspace is introduced. This superfield transforms linearly under the transformations of the supergroup OSp(8*|4), which is the superconformal group of the six-dimensional (2,0) theory. We find the relationship between the new superfield and the conventional (2,0) superfields in six dimensions and show that the implied superconformal transformation laws are correct. Finally, we present a manifestly conformally covariant constraint on the supercone, which reduces to the ordinary differential constraint for the superfields in the six-dimensional space-time.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX. v2: minor clarification added
Parametrically driven Kerr cavity solitons
Creators: name: Englebert, Nicolas
name: De Lucia, Francesco
name: Parra-Rivas, Pedro
name: Arabí, Carlos Mas
name: Sazio, Pier-John
name: Gorza, Simon-Pierre
name: Leo, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temporal cavity solitons are optical pulses that propagate indefinitely in nonlinear resonators. They are currently attracting a lot of attention, both for their many potential applications and for their connection to other fields of science. Cavity solitons are phase locked to a driving laser. This is what distinguishes them from laser dissipative solitons and the main reason why they are excellent candidates for precision applications such as optical atomic clocks. To date, the focus has been on driving Kerr solitons close to their carrier frequency, in which case a single stable localised solution exists for fixed parameters. Here we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, Kerr cavity solitons excitation around twice their carrier frequency. In that configuration, called parametric driving, two solitons of opposite phase may coexist. We use a fibre resonator that incorporates a quadratically nonlinear section and excite stable solitons by scanning the driving frequency. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with a seminal amplitude equation, highlighting connections to hydrodynamic and mechanical systems, amongst others. Furthermore, we experimentally confirm that two different phase-locked solitons may be simultaneously excited and harness this multiplicity to generate a string of random bits, thereby extending the pool of applications of Kerr resonators to random number generators and Ising machines.
Cicadidae Batsch 1789
Creators: name: De Santis, Cecilia L.
name: Medrano, María Celeste
name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Bolcatto, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae

description: Familia Cicadidae
En los últimos 60 años no se ha realizado en la República Argentina, un relevamiento exhaustivo de las especies presentes, siendo las publicaciones del Dr. B. Torres (1945, 1946) el único registro de la distribución de cicádidos del país. En los trabajos de este autor, la cicadofauna de la provincia de Santa Fe está pobremente representada, se citan para la misma tres especies de las seis encontradas por De Santis (2003) en la Ciudad de Santa Fe. Actualmente no existen en el país grupos de entomólogos que se dediquen al estudio de la familia excepto el grupo de Biofísica de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral con sede en la Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Santa Fe Argentina.
Características generales:
Son insectos robustos de entre 15 a 55 mm de largo de cuerpo y de variados colores (Klots y Klots, 1960).
Cabeza ancha con ojos compuestos prominentes, dos antenas cortas en forma de seta y tres ocelos entre las antenas. Los ojos compuestos al igual que las antenas se ubican en la superficie dorsolateral de la cabeza. Rostro o estilete, con capacidad perforadora y suctora (Barnes, 1996).
Tórax con 2 pares de alas membranosas, las anteriores de mayor tamaño que las posteriores; ala con vena ambiente, 1A y 2A no forman una nerviación en Y; patas anteriores con fémures ensanchados; patas posteriores alargadas, finas, no saltadoras (Richards y Davies, 1984).
Machos con órganos estriduladores conspicuos (timbales) ubicados dorsalmente en el primer segmento abdominal. Hembras sin timbales, órganos auditivos timpánicos presentes en ambos sexos ubicados ventralmente en el segundo segmento abdominal (Ajmat y Ajmat de Toledo, 1997; De Santis, 2003). Genitales masculinos sin placas subgenitales, edeago generalmente simple; ovopositor largo, completo.
description: Published as part of De Santis, Cecilia L., Medrano, María Celeste, Sanborn, Allen F. & Bolcatto, Pablo G., 2007, Cicádidos (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadidae) Del Museo Provincial De Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Santa Fe, Argentina, pp. 1-19 in Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Serie Catálogo 19 on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8228308
Predictors of Parent Involvement in Part C Early Intervention Services
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kelly Robinson Todd
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Disabilities
Early intervention
Infancy
Parental self-efficacy beliefs
Parent beliefs
Parent involvement

description: A high degree of parental involvement in early intervention (EI) services for children under age three with developmental delays/disabilities is considered desirable, but there is scant research on predictors of parent involvement in EI.  This study adapted a theoretical model of parents' involvement in their children's education and measured three hypothesized predictors of parent involvement in EI:  parent role beliefs, parental self-efficacy beliefs, and parental knowledge of child development.  Participants were recruited from four county-based EI programs in central and southeastern Ohio (N = 98) to complete questionnaires measuring the three predictors.  The EI professionals assigned to each participant reported the participant's attendance and commitment to intervention over the prior six months of enrollment.   Hierarchical multiple regression analysis provided partial support for the hypotheses in that parent role beliefs predicted commitment to intervention ratings.  No hypothesized predictors were related to attendance.  Post-hoc analyses found that specific self-efficacy beliefs and general self-efficacy beliefs each moderated the relation between parent role beliefs and commitment to intervention ratings.  Those with high specific parental self-efficacy beliefs/low parent role beliefs had lower commitment to intervention ratings than those with high specific self-efficacy beliefs/high parent role beliefs.  Similarly, those with high general self-efficacy beliefs/low parent role beliefs had lower commitment to intervention ratings than those with high general self-efficacy beliefs/high parent role beliefs.  Two programs used a written caregiver/provider agreement at enrollment to explain the expectations for involvement in the program.  Participants from programs which used written agreements had significantly higher attendance than participants from programs which did not use agreements.  Methodological limitations included sampling bias due to recruitment being dependent upon EI providers and volunteer participants, instrumentation issues with the role beliefs measure and the knowledge of child development measure, as well as nesting of participants within professionals and professionals within programs.  One implication from the research was that programs should use written agreements at enrollment to clarify expectations for parent involvement.  Additional research on parent role beliefs and parental self-efficacy beliefs as well as other predictors of parent involvement in EI is warranted.
Storyboard elicitation and complementizers
Creators: name: Koutouan, Evelyne
name: Jarvis, Rebecca
name: Kouadio, Timothée
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ebr

description: Elicitation using chore_girl Totem Field storyboard; additional elicitation on complementizers and multiple-wh questions.
Missing heavy flavor backgrounds to Higgs boson production
Creators: name: Sullivan, Zack
name: Berger, Edmond L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate characteristics of the signal and backgrounds for Higgs boson decay into WW at the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider. In the the lepton-pair-plus-missing-energy final state, we show that the background receives an important contribution from semileptonic decays of heavy flavors. Lepton isolation cuts provide too little suppression of these heavy flavor contributions, and an additional 4 to 8 orders-of-magnitude suppression must come from physics cuts. We demonstrate that an increase of the minimum transverse momentum of nonleading leptons in multilepton events is one effective way to achieve the needed suppression, without appreciable loss of the Higgs boson signal. Such a cut would impact the efficiency of searches for supersymmetry as well. We emphasize the importance of direct measurement of the lepton background from heavy flavor production.
description: 23 pgs., 10 figs, revtex4, 1 Ref. added, minor typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Cascade of Phase Transitions for Multi-Scale Clustering
Creators: name: Bonnaire, T.
name: Decelle, A.
name: Aghanim, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel framework exploiting the cascade of phase transitions occurring during a simulated annealing of the Expectation-Maximisation algorithm to cluster datasets with multi-scale structures. Using the weighted local covariance, we can extract, a posteriori and without any prior knowledge, information on the number of clusters at different scales together with their size. We also study the linear stability of the iterative scheme to derive the threshold at which the first transition occurs and show how to approximate the next ones. Finally, we combine simulated annealing together with recent developments of regularised Gaussian mixture models to learn a principal graph from spatially structured datasets that can also exhibit many scales.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRE
Deterministic photonic quantum computation in a synthetic time dimension
Creators: name: Bartlett, Ben
name: Dutt, Avik
name: Fan, Shanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonics offers unique advantages as a substrate for quantum information processing, but imposes fundamental scalability challenges. Nondeterministic schemes impose massive resource overheads, while deterministic schemes require prohibitively many identical quantum emitters to realize sizeable quantum circuits. Here we propose a scalable architecture for a photonic quantum computer which needs minimal quantum resources to implement any quantum circuit: a single coherently controlled atom. Optical switches endow a photonic quantum state with a synthetic time dimension by modulating photon-atom couplings. Quantum operations applied to the atomic qubit can be teleported onto the photonic qubits via projective measurement, and arbitrary quantum circuits can be compiled into a sequence of these teleported operators. This design negates the need for many identical quantum emitters to be integrated into a photonic circuit and allows effective all-to-all connectivity between photonic qubits. The proposed device has a machine size which is independent of quantum circuit depth, does not require single-photon detectors, operates deterministically, and is robust to experimental imperfections.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Determining mechanisms of NKX3.1 protein loss and developing restoration strategies in prostate cancer
Creators: name: Rao, Varsha
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: degron
doxycycline
NKX3.1
Prostate
proteasome
rtTA

description: The morbidity and mortality associated with prostate gland disease constitute a major health concern. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in North American men. NKX3.1 is a homeodomain protein that plays a role in prostate organogenesis and carcinogenesis. Loss of heterozygosity at chromosomal locus 8p21.2, which harbors the NKX3.1 coding region, is frequently associated with prostate cancer. NKX3.1 protein level decreases despite normal or near normal mRNA level in up to 25% of prostate cancer cases suggesting that post-translational modifications play an important role in regulating NKX3.1 turnover. Here, we have determined that the C-terminal 21 amino acids of NKX3.1 constitute a portable degron. High resolution mapping of this region has demonstrated that Proline 221 is required for this function. Steady-state studies and in vivo ubiquitination studies indicate that C21 mediates NKX3.1 proteasomal degradation independent of ubiquitination. Based on these findings, we have designed C21-mimetic peptides tagged with protein transduction domains that can be delivered to the prostate cancer cells. Degron peptide treatment resulted in accumulation of endogenous NKX3.1 without increasing the mRNA level demonstrating that C21 peptide treatment may serve as a novel approach for prostate cancer therapeutics based on tumor suppressor restoration. Furthermore, we have developed a Hoxb13-driven Reverse Tetracycline Transactivator mouse model that enables robust doxycycline-dependent expression of responder genes in the prostate. This system can be used for prostate- specific conditional expression of genes relevant in prostate pathology and biology including NKX3.1. Combining this powerful system with extant mouse models of prostate cancer will provide a next-generation tool for tumor suppressor restoration studies. Together, these findings contribute to our understanding of NKX3.1 regulation and its role in prostate cancer progression and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
A deep Chandra survey for faint X-ray sources in the Galactic globular cluster M30, and searches for optical and radio counterparts
Creators: name: Zhao, Yue
name: Heinke, Craig O.
name: Cohn, Haldan N.
name: Lugger, Phyllis M.
name: Guillot, Sebastien
name: Echiburú, Constanza
name: Shishkovsky, Laura
name: Strader, Jay
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Bahramian, Arash
name: Miller-Jones, James C. A.
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
name: Tremou, Evangelia
name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep ($\sim 330~\mathrm{ks}$) {\it Chandra} survey of the Galactic globular cluster M30 (NGC 7099). Combining the new Cycle 18 with the previous Cycle 3 observations we report a total of 10 new X-ray point sources within the $1.03$ arcmin half-light radius, compiling an extended X-ray catalogue of a total of 23 sources. We incorporate imaging observations by the {\it Hubble Space Telescope} and the {\it Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array} from the MAVERIC survey to search for optical and radio counterparts to the new and old sources. Two X-ray sources are found to have a radio counterpart, including the known millisecond pulsar PSR J2140$-$2310A, the radio position of which also matches a previously reported faint optical counterpart which is slightly redder than the main sequence. We found optical counterparts to $18$ of the $23$ X-ray sources, identifying $2$ new cataclysmic variables (CVs), $5$ new CV candidates, $2$ new candidates of RS CVn type of active binary (AB), and $2$ new candidates of BY Dra type of AB. The remaining unclassified X-ray sources are likely background active galactic nuclei (AGN), as their number is consistent with the expected number of AGN at our X-ray sensitivity. Finally, our analysis of radial profiles of different source classes suggests that bright CVs are more centrally distributed than faint CVs in M30, consistent with other core-collapsed globular clusters.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ariasa alboapicata
Creators: name: De Santis, Cecilia L.
name: Medrano, María Celeste
name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Bolcatto, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Ariasa
Ariasa alboapicata

description: Ariasa alboapicata (Distant, 1905) (Figura 1a)
· MFA-ZI- N°°° 7089. Recreo (31°5’, 60°73’), Dpto. La Capital, Prov. Santa Fe, RA, 2da./ I/46. 1♂.
· MFA-ZI- N°°° 8330. Tintina (27°03’, 62°71’), Dpto. Moreno, Prov. Santiago del Estero, RA, XII/48. 1♀.
description: Published as part of De Santis, Cecilia L., Medrano, María Celeste, Sanborn, Allen F. & Bolcatto, Pablo G., 2007, Cicádidos (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadidae) Del Museo Provincial De Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Santa Fe, Argentina, pp. 1-19 in Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales " Florentino Ameghino " Serie Catálogo 19 on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8228308
Self-energy renormalization around the flux phase in the $t-J$ model: Possible implications in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Greco, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flux phase predicted by the $t-J$ model in the large-N limit exhibits features that make it a candidate for describing the pseudogap regime of cuprates. However certain properties, as for instance the prediction of well defined quasiparticle peaks, speak against this scenario. We have addressed these issues by computing self-energy renormalizations in the vicinity to flux phase. The calculated spectral functions show features similar to those observed in experiments. At low doping, near the flux phase, the spectral functions are anisotropic on the Fermi surface and very incoherent near the hot spots. The temperature and doping evolution of self-energy and spectral functions are discussed and compared with the experiment.
description: 4.3 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Taking back our children : a conceptual framework for teaching self-respect and respect for persons
Creators: name: Orkar, Miriam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study identifies some particular concepts in moral education, namely self-respect and respect for persons, clarifies the meaning of these concepts through the analysis of philosophical literature and synthesizes the characteristics of persons that are said to possess the virtues or values in question. The second major objective of the study was to pursue the argument that just as it is the case with science concepts, for example, moral concepts must be clearly understood and the components that bear upon them clearly identified before they are implemented in the curriculum. The second objective was facilitated by examining educational literature on the subjects of self-respect and respect for persons, comparing the philosophical and the educational usages of the constructs and pointing out problems of curricular implementation which could be attributed to lapses between them.
Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography with a photon-counting detector
Creators: name: Fredenberg, Erik
name: Hemmendorff, Magnus
name: Cederstrom, Bjorn
name: Aslund, Magnus
name: Danielsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Spectral imaging is a method in medical x-ray imaging to extract information about the object constituents by the material-specific energy dependence of x-ray attenuation. The authors have investigated a photon-counting spectral imaging system with two energy bins for contrast-enhanced mammography. System optimization and the potential benefit compared to conventional non-energy-resolved absorption imaging was studied. Methods: A framework for system characterization was set up that included quantum and anatomical noise and a theoretical model of the system was benchmarked to phantom measurements. Results: Optimal combination of the energy-resolved images corresponded approximately to minimization of the anatomical noise, which is commonly referred to as energy subtraction. In that case, an ideal-observer detectability index could be improved close to 50% compared to absorption imaging in the phantom study. Optimization with respect to the signal-to-quantum-noise ratio, commonly referred to as energy weighting, yielded only a minute improvement. In a simulation of a clinically more realistic case, spectral imaging was predicted to perform approximately 30% better than absorption imaging for an average glandularity breast with an average level of anatomical noise. For dense breast tissue and a high level of anatomical noise, however, a rise in detectability by a factor of 6 was predicted. Another ~70-90% improvement was found to be within reach for an optimized system. Conclusions: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography is feasible and beneficial with the current system, and there is room for additional improvements. Inclusion of anatomical noise is essential for optimizing spectral imaging systems.
Video Object Segmentation with Adaptive Feature Bank and Uncertain-Region Refinement
Creators: name: Liang, Yongqing
name: Li, Xin
name: Jafari, Navid
name: Chen, Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new matching-based framework for semi-supervised video object segmentation (VOS). Recently, state-of-the-art VOS performance has been achieved by matching-based algorithms, in which feature banks are created to store features for region matching and classification. However, how to effectively organize information in the continuously growing feature bank remains under-explored, and this leads to inefficient design of the bank. We introduce an adaptive feature bank update scheme to dynamically absorb new features and discard obsolete features. We also design a new confidence loss and a fine-grained segmentation module to enhance the segmentation accuracy in uncertain regions. On public benchmarks, our algorithm outperforms existing state-of-the-arts.
description: Preprint version. Accepted by NeurIPS 2020
title: Machine Learning Approach for Vigilance State Classification in Mice
Creators: name: Muhury, Anik
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Sleep has a significant impact on cognitive abilities such as memory, reaction time, productivity, and creative thinking; however, there are many aspects of this important activity that are not clearly understood. Over the last century, researchers have developed technology and animal models to assist in the study of sleep. Manual sleep scoring is time consuming, reduces productivity, and is impacted by human scorer subjectivity. On the other hand, automatic sleep stage categorization can enhance consistency and reliability, aiding professionals in identifying sleep related health problems.

In recent times various studies reported significant achievements for automatic vigilance detection and overcome the drawback of REM stage detection. Two models that reported very good performance are SCOPRISM and UTSN-L that replicate the manual scoring criteria. In this study, the performance of these models is documented on an independent dataset. The same dataset is also employed in feature-based machine learning approaches, where features from EEG and EMG signals are incorporated to the scoring process and NB, LDA, DT, KNN, SVM and RF models are assessed to do a comparative study on the same feature set.

Results show that, the random forest model achieves the highest overall accuracy of 84.7%, while the SCOPRISM and UTSN-L models achieve 76.1% and 77.1% respectively. When evaluated on an animal-by-animal basis, this RF model exhibits a reduced standard deviation with higher accuracy. However, despite the fact that the random forest model performs better than SCOPRISM and UTSN-L, it lacks REM sensitivity and still exhibits lower classification performance for genetically engineered mice of higher age groups. Animal-wise feature normalization is carried out, which resulted in findings that outperform all prior outcomes and reported the best result for vigilance stage detection with an overall accuracy of 90.8% and a REM sensitivity of 90%. The animal-wise evaluation also shows, this approach exhibits a more robust performance over the set of test animals than prior models.

Furthermore, the algorithm trained on 28 animal datasets is applied to the recordings utilized in the UTSN-L model, and overall accuracy was found 40%, with a REM recall of 16.6%. This reinforces the issue that while the machine learning algorithm excels at detecting key patterns in the dataset, performance varies depending on the equipment employed in different environments.
description: © 2-21 Anik Muhury
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Role Conflicts Among Interpreters Working With Refugee Clients: The Role Conflicts Questionnaire
Creators: name: Geiling, Angelika
name: Nohr, Laura
name: Meyer, Caroline
name: Böttche, Maria
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
name: Stammel, Nadine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: interpreters
subject: role conflicts
subject: expectations
subject: emotional distress
subject: refugee clients
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess interpreters’ role conflicts and the challenging aspects within the triad of practitioner, interpreter and refugee client. Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on previous literature. Its factor structure and construct validity were assessed in an online survey of 164 interpreters working with refugee clients. Psychological distress (BSI-18), work-related exhaustion (CBI), and secondary traumatic stress (ProQOL) were measured to test the questionnaire’s convergent validity. Results: Exploratory structural equation modeling for categorical variables resulted in 23 items across four subscales. The scores of all subscales had good or excellent reliability (ω = 0.81 to ω = 0.93) and correlation analyses indicated convergent validity. Conclusion: The final questionnaire (RoCo) showed four clearly interpretable subscales and may help to identify emotional distress due to role conflicts among interpreters. Future studies should validate the questionnaire in different samples.