cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searches for Compact Binary Coalescence Events using Neural Networks in LIGO/Virgo Second Observation Period
Creators: name: Menéndez-Vázquez, A.
name: Kolstein, M.
name: Martínez, M.
name: Mir, Ll. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the search for the coalescence of compact binary mergers using convolutional neural networks and the LIGO/Virgo data, corresponding to the O2 observation period. Two-dimensional images in time and frequency are used as input, and two sets of neural networks are trained separately for low mass (0.2 - 2.0 Msun) and high mass (25 - 100 Msun) compact binary coalescence events. We explored neural networks trained with input information from a single or a pair of interferometers, indicating that the use of information from pairs leads to an improved performance. A scan over the full O2 data set using the convolutional neural networks for detection demonstrates that the performance is compatible with that from canonical pipelines using matched filtering techniques. No additional events with significant signal-to-noise ratio are found in the O2 data.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
The Century Survey Galactic Halo Project II: Global Properties and the Luminosity Function of Field Blue Horizontal Branch Stars
Creators: name: Brown, Warren R.
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Kurtz, Michael J.
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Wilhelm, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a 175 deg^2 spectroscopic survey for blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars in the Galactic halo. We use the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to select BHB candidates, and find that the 2MASS and SDSS color-selection is 38% and 50% efficient, respectively, for BHB stars. Our samples include one likely run-away B7 star 6 kpc below the Galactic plane. The global properties of the BHB samples are consistent with membership in the halo population: the median metallicity is [Fe/H]=-1.7, the velocity dispersion is 108 km/s, and the mean Galactic rotation of the BHB stars 3
description: 14 pages, including 16 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Consumers' Willingness to Pay for New Genetically Modified Food Products: Evidence from Experimental Auctions of Intragenic and Transgenic Foods
Creators: name: Colson, Gregory
name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Colson, Gregory
name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: New genetically modified (GM) foods were first marketed about a decade ago and have been surrounded by much controversy. Although the first GM traits were introduced into vegetables, GM grain and oilseed crops have been most successful because of their direct benefits to farmers. Recent advances in GM techniques enable new GM foods that contain enhanced consumer attributes. Private information from the biotech industry and from environmental groups paint extreme pictures of likely benefits, costs, and risks of new GM crops and foods. Given the complex nature of the GM food market, new experimental economic methods are used to assess consumers' willingness to pay for food products that might be made using new GM technologies. Participants in these auctions are randomly chosen adult consumer in major U.S. metropolitan areas; food labels are kept simple and focused on key attributes of experimental goods; and diverse private information from the agricultural biotech industry (e.g. Monsanto and Syngenta) and environmental groups (e.g. Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth) and independent third-party information are used to construct information treatments. Food labels and information treatments are randomized; and auctions are best described as private value, sealed bid, random n-th price. The econometric model of participants' bid prices, or willingness to pay, for three products---potato, tomato and broccoli---is a Bayesian random-effects seemingly-unrelated regression Tobit model. For a given food label, we find significant information treatment effects, controlling for demographic attributes of participants, prior opinions about GM foods, and healthiness of lifestyle. Moreover, these effects are shown to differ across food labels and for commodities with and without enhanced consumer attributes. Information is shown to have significant welfare effects.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/08.
Cohen-Macaulay binomial edge ideals and accessible graphs
Creators: name: Bolognini, Davide
name: Macchia, Antonio
name: Strazzanti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The cut sets of a graph are special sets of vertices whose removal disconnects the graph. They are fundamental in the study of binomial edge ideals, since they encode their minimal primary decomposition. We introduce the class of accessible graphs as the graphs with unmixed binomial edge ideal and whose cut sets form an accessible set system. We prove that the graphs whose binomial edge ideal is Cohen-Macaulay are accessible and we conjecture that the converse holds. We settle the conjecture for large classes of graphs, including chordal and traceable graphs, providing a purely combinatorial description of Cohen-Macaulayness. The key idea in the proof is to show that both properties are equivalent to a further combinatorial condition, which we call strong unmixedness.
description: accepted in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics
Schweitzer, Wolfgang: Das Zeugnis der Kirche in den Staaten der Gegenwart
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
Cross-shell excited configurations in the structure of 34Si
Creators: name: Lubna, R. S.
name: Garnsworthy, A. B.
name: Tripathi, Vandana
name: Ball, G. C.
name: Natzke, C. R.
name: Rocchini, M.
name: Andreoiu, C.
name: Bhattacharjee, S. S.
name: Dillmann, I.
name: Garcia, F. H.
name: Gillespie, S. A.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Griffin, C. J.
name: Leckenby, G.
name: Miyagi, T.
name: Olaizola, B.
name: Porzio, C.
name: Rajabali, M. M.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Spagnoletti, P.
name: Tabor, S. L.
name: Umashankar, R.
name: Vedia, V.
name: Volya, A.
name: Williams, J.
name: Yates, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross-shell excited states of $^{34}$Si have been investigated via $β$-decays of the $4^-$ ground state and the $1^+$ isomeric state of $^{34}$Al. Since the valence protons and valence neutrons occupy different major shells in the ground state as well as the intruder $1^+$ isomeric state of $^{34}$Al, intruder levels of $^{34}$Si are populated via allowed $β$ decays. Spin assignments to such intruder levels of $^{34}$Si were established through $γ$-$γ$ angular correlation analysis for the negative parity states with dominant configurations $(νd_{3/2})^{-1} \otimes (νf_{7/2})^{1}$ as well as the positive parity states with dominant configurations $(νsd)^{-2} \otimes (νf_{7/2}p_{3/2})^2$. The configurations of such intruder states play crucial roles in our understanding of the $N=20$ shell gap evolution. A configuration interaction model derived from the FSU Hamiltonian was utilized in order to interpret the intruder states in $^{34}$Si. Shell model interaction derived from a more fundamental theory with the Valence Space In Medium Similarity Renormalization Group (VS-IMSRG) method was also employed to interpret the structure of $^{34}$Si.
Estimation of Efficiency with the Stochastic Frontier Cost Function and Heteroscedasticity: A Monte Carlo Study
Creators: name: Kim, Taeyoon
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
name: Kim, Taeyoon
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The objective of this article is to address heteroscedasticity in the stochastic frontier cost function using aggregated data and verify it using a Monte Carlo study. We find that when the translog form of a stochastic frontier cost function with aggregated data is estimated, all explanatory variables can inversely affect the variation of error terms. Our Monte Carlo study shows that heteroscedasticity is only significant in the random effect and the unexplained error term not in the inefficiency error term. Also, it does not cause biases, which is quite opposite of previous research. These are because our model is approximately defined by first order Taylor series around zero inefficiency area. But, disregarding heteroscedasticity causes the average inefficiency to be overestimated when the variation of inefficiency term dominates the other error terms.
Regional district renewal : reforming regional government in British Columbia
Creators: name: Gawronski, Christopher Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Governance and planning are inextricably linked. To have good planning there must be an appropriate governance structure in place. Regional districts have been praised by many, but their ability to carry out good planning is hampered by the nature of their structure and powers. The ongoing Municipal Act Reform Initiative provides an excellent opportunity to review regional districts and consider improvements to their structures and powers. The 35-year history of regional districts explains the current arrangement of their structures and powers. A re-evaluation of the needs of B.C. in 1965 confirms that those needs continue to be valid and regional districts should continue to address them. However, many new needs and concerns, such as sustainability, global economic restructuring, and the rural-urban interface, require attention. The regional districts of today are ill-equipped to handle new and emerging needs - especially those of a regional nature. Regional districts need a renewed regional focus. This can be accomplished with a moderately restructured board including a regionally-elected chair. Further, municipalities and the province alike must recognize the need for certain issues to be regionally. To adequately address regional needs, the specific regional responsibilities must be identified, and powers must be granted that are broad enough to tackle the regional responsibilities. Because the granting of broad powers may be overwhelming to many less-sophisticated municipalities and regional districts, the province should provide an option for local governments to stick with the current system of express powers or to use the grant of broad powers.
Spectral index of the Galactic foreground emission in the 50-87 MHz range
Creators: name: Spinelli, Marta
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Garsden, Hugh
name: Greehill, Lincoln J.
name: Fialkov, Anastasia
name: Dowell, Jayce
name: Price, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Total-power radiometry with individual meter-wave antennas is a potentially effective way to study the Cosmic Dawn ($z\sim20$) through measurement of sky brightness arising from the $21$~cm transition of neutral hydrogen, provided this can be disentangled from much stronger Galactic and extra-galactic foregrounds. In the process, measured spectra of integrated sky brightness temperature can be used to quantify the foreground emission properties. In this work, we analyze a subset of data from the Large-aperture Experiment to Detect the Dark Age (LEDA) in the range $50-87$~MHz and constrain the foreground spectral index $β$ in the northern sky visible from mid-latitudes. We focus on two zenith-directed LEDA radiometers and study how estimates of $β$ vary with local sidereal time (LST). We correct for the effect of gain pattern chromaticity and compare estimated absolute temperatures with simulations. We develop a reference dataset consisting of 14 days of optimal condition observations. Using this dataset we estimate, for one radiometer, that $β$ varies from $-2.55$ at LST~$<6$~h to a steeper $-2.58$ at LST~$\sim13$~h, consistently with sky models and previous southern sky measurements. In the LST~$=13-24$~h range, however, we find that $β$ fluctuates between $-2.55$ and $-2.61$ (data scatter $\sim0.01$). We observe a similar $β$ vs. LST trend for the second radiometer, although with slightly smaller $|β|$, in the $-2.46
description: revised version, new figures
Fluctuation theorem and large deviation function for a solvable model of a molecular motor
Creators: name: Lacoste, D.
name: Lau, A. W. C.
name: Mallick, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a discrete stochastic model of a molecular motor. This discrete model can be viewed as a \emph{minimal} ratchet model. We extend our previous work on this model, by further investigating the constraints imposed by the Fluctuation Theorem on the operation of a molecular motor far from equilibrium. In this work, we show the connections between different formulations of the Fluctuation Theorem. One formulation concerns the generating function of the currents while another one concerns the corresponding large deviation function, which we have calculated exactly for this model. A third formulation of FT concerns the ratio of the probability of making one forward step to the probability of making one backward step. The predictions of this last formulation of the Fluctuation Theorem adapted to our model are in very good agreement with the data of Carter and Cross [Nature, {\bf 435}, 308 (2005)] on single molecule measurements with kinesin. Finally, we show that all the formulations of FT can be understood from the notion of entropy production.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Flexible and Ultrasoft Inorganic 1D Semiconductor and Heterostructure Systems Based on SnIP
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cheminformatics
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions

description: Low dimensionality and high flexibility are key demands for flexible electronic semiconductor devices. SnIP, the first atomic‐scale double helical semiconductor combines structural anisotropy and robustness with exceptional electronic properties. The benefit of the double helix, combined with a diverse structure on the nanoscale, ranging from strong covalent bonding to weak van der Waals interactions, and the large structure and property anisotropy offer substantial potential for applications in energy conversion and water splitting. It represents the next logical step in downscaling the inorganic semiconductors from classical 3D systems, via 2D semiconductors like MXenes or transition metal dichalcogenides, to the first downsizeable, polymer‐like atomic‐scale 1D semiconductor SnIP.
Quantile Regression Methods of Estimating Confidence Intervals for WASDE Price Forecasts
Creators: name: Isengildina-Massa, Olga
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Isengildina-Massa, Olga
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper explores the use of quantile regression for estimation of empirical confidence limits for WASDE forecasts of corn, soybean, and wheat prices. Quantile regressions for corn, soybean, and wheat forecast errors over 1980/81 through 2006/07 were specified as a function of forecast lead time. Estimated coefficients were used to calculate forecast intervals for 2007/08. The quantile regression approach to calculating forecast intervals was evaluated based on out-of-sample performance. The accuracy of the empirical confidence intervals was not statistically different from the target level about 87% of the time prior to harvest and 91% of the time after harvest.
Competitive Exclusion, Diversification, and the Origins of Agriculture
Creators: name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Bulte, Erwin H.
name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Bulte, Erwin H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The beginnings of agriculture, or the agricultural revolution, is now recognized to be the widespread adoption of known practices – a change in behavior – as opposed to a phenomenon of discovery and innovation. In this paper, we combine elements of three theories—climate change, property rights, and competitive exclusion—to create a paleoeconomic model of agriculture and its diffusion. We focus on climate change as a necessary trigger, which combined with group property rights and competitive exclusion processes produced conditions sufficient for the diffusion of early agriculture. In contrast to other models in which farming emerges as technological progress or climate makes it a more productive option than hunting, farming emerges in our model even if farmers are poor hunters and cannot sustain themselves with agriculture alone. Moreover, the strategy of farming can invade the system even if farmers initially generate lower per capita consumption than hunters. The key is that the simple innovation of property rights over an immobile resource can help to insulate farmers from competitive ecological pressures.
BASE REVENUE PROTECTION AND REVENUE COUNTERCYCLICAL PROGRAMS FOR CORN IN NORTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: Aakre, Dwight G.
name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Aakre, Dwight G.
name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: farm bill
subject: corn
subject: countercyclical payments
subject: revenue

description: The National Corn Growers Association Public Policy Team’s Base Revenue Projection Program (BRP) and the Revenue Countercyclical Program (RCCP) were analyzed. The analysis was done for corn using the BRP-RCCP calculator, as developed by the National Corn Growers Association. Three representative counties (Richland, Barnes and Foster) were chosen in North Dakota. Historic and projected data were used to analyze 2002 to 2010 crop years. A comparison of the BRP-RCCP programs to the current farm program was done. For 2002 to 2005, Barnes County would have received more total payments under the BRP-RCCP program than with the current farm program. The gain would have been $24.12 per acre during the four years. Richland and Foster counties would have received more payments with the current farm program than with the BRP-RCCP program. The Richland County farm would have received considerably more under the existing program - $78.03 per acre for the four-year period, or about $19.50 per acre per year. For Foster County, the advantage to the current program was only $10.05 for the four-year period.
[Elicitation of sentences, basic phrases, and vocabulary]
Creators: name: Jerónimo Laureano, Miguel
name: Santiago Francisco, José
name: McFarland, Teresa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tlp

description: 7 WAV files. Corresponds to pp. 160 and 2-11 of related field notes.
title: Письмо и каллиграфия в паремиях: русско-китайские сопоставления
Creators: name: Сперанская, Алевтина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Работа посвящена сопоставлению двух групп паремиологических текстов на тему письма (рукописной записи) и каллиграфии. В статье представлено описание специфических характеристик написанного текста в русской и китайской культурах. Русские паремийные тексты о письме связаны с грамотностью, так как грамотный – это тот, кто умеет читать и писать. Умение писать получает в паремиях высокую оценку. Письмо требует интеллектуальных усилий: Не пером пишут, а умом. С письмом соединена способность понимать. Письменный текст в паремиконе связан с государственными или социально значимыми структурами, что воплощено в лексеме закон, который создается в процессе написания. В паремиконе закреплена мысль о невозможности исправить написанное. Четкость написания и разборчивость почерка – едва ли не самые важные критерии при оценке письменного текста, что объясняется прагматической установкой: текст должен легко читаться, а небрежная манера письма затрудняет понимание написанного.
Probing non-Hermitian phase transitions in curved space via quench dynamics
Creators: name: Pará, Ygor
name: Palumbo, Giandomenico
name: Macrì, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are relevant to describe the features of a broad class of physical phenomena, ranging from photonics and atomic and molecular systems to nuclear physics and mesoscopic electronic systems. An important question relies on the understanding of the influence of curved background on the static and dynamical properties of non-Hermitian systems. In this work, we study the interplay of geometry and non-Hermitian dynamics by unveiling the existence of curvature-dependent non-Hermitian phase transitions. We investigate a prototypical model of Dirac fermions on a sphere with an imaginary mass term. This exactly-solvable model admits an infinite set of curvature-dependent pseudo-Landau levels. We characterize these phases by computing an order parameter given by the pseudo-magnetization and, independently, the non-Hermitian fidelity susceptibility. Finally, we probe the non-Hermitian phase transitions by computing the (generalized) Loschmidt echo and the dynamical fidelity after a quantum quench of the imaginary mass and find singularities in correspondence of exceptional radii of the sphere.
description: 5+5 pages, 6 figures
Engesser et al Electronic Supplementary Material from Seeds of language-like generativity in bird call combinations
Creators: name: Townsend, Simon
name: Ridley, Amanda R
name: Kita, Sotaro
name: Watson, Stuart K.
name: Engesser, Sabrina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Engesser et al_SM.pdf
Vortex-antivortex dynamics and field-polarity-dependent flux creep in hybrid superconductor/ferromagnet nanostructures
Creators: name: Lange, M.
name: Van Bael, M. J.
name: Silhanek, A. V.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex-antivortex arrays that are created in a type-II superconducting film by lattices of ferromagnetic dots with perpendicular anisotropy have been investigated. The highest critical current is shifted to a nonzero value of the applied field, and current-voltage characteristics show different regimes of vortex motion even in zero-applied field due to the presence of the vortex-antivortex arrays. Creep of interstitial vortices is observed at low driving forces. This flux creep is strongly field-polarity dependent.
Becoming a Knowledge Economy: the Case of Qatar, UAE and 17 Benchmark Countries
Creators: name: Parcero, Osiris
name: Ryan, James Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper assesses the performance of Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in terms of their achievements towards becoming knowledge-based economies. This is done through a comparison against 17 benchmark countries using a four pillars' framework comprising; (1) information and communication technology, (2) education, (3) innovation and (4) economy and regime. Results indicate that the UAE ranks slightly better than the median rank of the 19 compared countries while Qatar ranks somewhat below. Results also indicate that both countries lag considerably behind knowledge economy leaders; particularly evidenced in the innovation pillar. Policy recommendations are mainly addressed at further developing the two countries' research culture as well as improving the incentives to attract top quality researchers and highly talented workers.
description: Pages 48, 8 tables, 5 charts
Dynamics and Rheology of Ring-Linear Blend Semidilute Solutions in Extensional Flow: Modeling and Molecular Simulations
Creators: name: Young, Charles D.
name: Zhou, Yuecheng
name: Schroeder, Charles M.
name: Sing, Charles E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations and single molecule experiments to investigate the influence of topological constraints and hydrodynamic interactions on the dynamics and rheology of solutions of ring-linear polymer blends at the overlap concentration. We find agreement between simulation and experiment in that rings in solution blends exhibit large conformational fluctuations, including extension overshoots in the startup of flow and tumbling and tank-treading at steady state. Ring polymer fluctuations increase with blend fraction of linear polymers and are peaked at a ring Weissenberg number $\textrm{Wi}_R \approx 1.5$. On the contrary, linear and ring polymers in pure solutions show a peak in fluctuations at the critical coil-stretch Weissenberg number $\textrm{Wi} = 0.5$. BD simulations show that extension overshoots on startup of flow are due to flow-induced intermolecular ring-linear polymer hooks, whereas fluctuations at steady state are dominated by intermolecular hydrodynamic interactions (HI). This is supported by simulations of bidisperse linear polymer solution blends, which show similar trends in conformational dynamics between rings and linear polymers with a matched contour length. Compared to BD simulations, single molecule experiments show quantitatively larger fluctuations, which could arise because experiments are performed on higher molecular weight polymers with stronger topological constraints. To this end, we have advanced the understanding of the effects of topological interactions and intermolecular HI on the dynamics of semidilute ring-linear polymer blend solutions.
Factorizable corrections to e+e- -> mu+ mu- b bar_b at a linear collider
Creators: name: Kolodziej, Karol
name: Westwanski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the standard model factorizable radiative corrections to e+e- -> mu+ mu- b bar_b, which is one of the best detection channels of the low mass Higgs boson produced through the Higgsstrahlung mechanism at a linear collider. The discussion includes the leading virtual and real quantum electrodynamics corrections due to the initial state radiation, the one-loop electroweak factorizable corrections to the on-shell Higgsstrahlung reaction and to subsequent decays of the Z and Higgs boson, and the quantum chromodynamics corrections to the Higgs boson decay width into a b bar_b-quark pair.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; presented by T. Westwanski at the XXIX International Conference of Theoretical Physics "Matter to the Deepest: Recent Developments in Physics of Fundamental Interactions", Ustron, Poland, September 9-14, 2005
Nonlinear Bloch modes in two-dimensional photonic lattices
Creators: name: Traeger, Denis
name: Fischer, Robert
name: Neshev, Dragomir N.
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Denz, Cornelia
name: Krolikowski, Wieslaw
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate experimentally different types of two-dimensional Bloch waves of a square photonic lattice by employing the phase imprinting technique. We probe the local dispersion of the Bloch modes in the photonic lattice by analyzing the linear diffraction of beams associated with the high-symmetry points of the Brillouin zone, and also distinguish the regimes of normal, anomalous, and anisotropic diffraction through observations of nonlinear self-action effects.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Wind Development in Minnesota: Policy and Economics
Creators: name: Tiffany, Douglas G.
name: Tiffany, Douglas G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The growth of wind power as an aspect of Minnesota’s portfolio of electricity has been propelled to its current level by policy initiatives at both the federal and state levels. Existing statutes establish requirements for further expansion of wind energy in this state in the years to come. Locally, production economics exert their influence as wind speed and duration are translated to capacity factor, which reveals the amount of power that can be generated at a particular site. After the flow resource is thus quantified, comes the calculus of economic viability. This consists of determining the capital and operating costs and eligibility for loans and grants as well as the negotiations of wind rights, easements, and power purchase agreements. To date, policy initiatives have been directed toward the production, or generation side of this variable flow resource. Entrepreneurs and lawyers have become more skillful at organizing business forms that can effectively bring together partners capable of utilizing the substantial tax benefits available through the federal Production Tax Credit (PTC) as well as attractive state-sponsored incentives and tariffs offered by utilities. The variable nature of electrical power capacity from wind has been problematic for utilities, which try to meet the variable loads required by the summed demand of their customers. In Minnesota, peak power demands occur in summer months when wind power is the lowest. In addition to seasonal demands, daily and weekly patterns must be accommodated by utilities serving the markets for electricity. By developing and using an investment model, it is possible to understand investor motivations driving the growth of wind energy in this state and the country. Net present values (NPV) and internal rates of return (IRR) are calculated over the life of power production projects conforming to various conditions such as wind capacity factor, the federal Production Tax Credit (PTC), state incentive plans for community-based energy providers, federal grant and loan programs, as well as emerging opportunities to sell “green tags” for renewable power generation. The numerous incentives provided for windpower development on the generation side highlight the difficulties of providing sufficient transmission capacity for to carry this power from the often remote areas where generated to load centers. Equivalent incentives deployed with similar imagination are needed to enhance investment in a transmission system capable of carrying increasing volumes of wind and other renewable sources of electricity.
HECTOR-V: A Heterogeneous CPU Architecture for a Secure RISC-V Execution Environment
Creators: name: Nasahl, Pascal
name: Schilling, Robert
name: Werner, Mario
name: Mangard, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To ensure secure and trustworthy execution of applications, vendors frequently embed trusted execution environments into their systems. Here, applications are protected from adversaries, including a malicious operating system. TEEs are usually built by integrating protection mechanisms directly into the processor or by using dedicated external secure elements. However, both of these approaches only cover a narrow threat model resulting in limited security guarantees. Enclaves in the application processor typically provide weak isolation between the secure and non-secure domain, especially when considering side-channel attacks. Although secure elements do provide strong isolation, the slow communication interface to the application processor is exposed to adversaries and restricts the use cases. Independently of the used implementation approach, TEEs often lack the possibility to establish secure communication to external peripherals, and most operating systems executed inside TEEs do not provide state-of-the-art defense strategies, making them vulnerable against various attacks. We argue that TEEs implemented on the main application processor are insecure, especially when considering side-channel attacks. We demonstrate how a heterogeneous architecture can be utilized to realize a secure TEE design. We directly embed a processor into our architecture to provide strong isolation between the secure and non-secure domain. The tight coupling of TEE and REE enables HECTOR-V to provide mechanisms for establishing secure communication channels. We further introduce RISC-V Secure Co-Processor, a security-hardened processor tailored for TEEs. To secure applications executed inside the TEE, RVSCP provides control-flow integrity, rigorously restricts I/O accesses to certain execution states, and provides operating system services directly in hardware.
Smoothing Supernova Data to Reconstruct the Expansion History of the Universe and its Age
Creators: name: Shafieloo, Arman
name: Alam, Ujjaini
name: Sahni, Varun
name: Starobinsky, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a non-parametric method of smoothing supernova data over redshift using a Gaussian kernel in order to reconstruct important cosmological quantities including H(z) and w(z) in a model independent manner. This method is shown to be successful in discriminating between different models of dark energy when the quality of data is commensurate with that expected from the future SuperNova Acceleration Probe (SNAP). We find that the Hubble parameter is especially well-determined and useful for this purpose. The look back time of the universe may also be determined to a very high degree of accuracy (\lleq 0.2 %) in this method. By refining the method, it is also possible to obtain reasonable bounds on the equation of state of dark energy. We explore a new diagnostic of dark energy-- the `w-probe'-- which can be calculated from the first derivative of the data. We find that this diagnostic is reconstructed extremely accurately for different reconstruction methods even if Ω_m is marginalized over. The w-probe can be used to successfully distinguish between $Λ$CDM and other models of dark energy to a high degree of accuracy.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures. Section 5 restructured, main conclusions unchanged. Post journal publication version
NEO: A Novel Expeditious Optimisation Algorithm for Reactive Motion Control of Manipulators
Creators: name: Haviland, Jesse
name: Corke, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present NEO, a fast and purely reactive motion controller for manipulators which can avoid static and dynamic obstacles while moving to the desired end-effector pose. Additionally, our controller maximises the manipulability of the robot during the trajectory, while avoiding joint position and velocity limits. NEO is wrapped into a strictly convex quadratic programme which, when considering obstacles, joint limits, and manipulability on a 7 degree-of-freedom robot, is generally solved in a few ms. While NEO is not intended to replace state-of-the-art motion planners, our experiments show that it is a viable alternative for scenes with moderate complexity while also being capable of reactive control. For more complex scenes, NEO is better suited as a reactive local controller, in conjunction with a global motion planner. We compare NEO to motion planners on a standard benchmark in simulation and additionally illustrate and verify its operation on a physical robot in a dynamic environment. We provide an open-source library which implements our controller.
description: IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L). Preprint Version. Accepted January, 2021. The code and videos can be found at https://jhavl.github.io/neo/
System Dynamics in Food Quality Certifications: Development of an Audit Integrity System
Creators: name: Albersmeier, Friederike
name: Schulze, Holger
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: certification; quality assurance systems; risk oriented auditing approach

description: Due to the complex structure of certification schemes the risk of flaws and scandals is generally high. It has further increased by several developments during the last years. With regard to their potential effects, it is questionable whether the certification approaches are actually able to detect deficiencies within the system and thus prevent crises which may lead to its breakdown. Hence, the ability of a standard to meet its objectives of food quality and safety needs to be enforced. In this contribution we launch the implementation of a controlling tool which automatically monitors audit quality based on information of the respective data bases. By analysing possible negative influences, oppor­tunistic behaviour can thus be detected.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Valuing Consumer Preferences with the CUB Model: A CaseStudy of Fair Trade Coffee
Creators: name: Cicia, Gianni
name: Corduas, Marcella
name: Del Giudice, Teresa
name: Piccolo, Domenico
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: CUB model; fair trade coffee; latent class choice model

description: D'Elia and Piccolo (2005) have recently proposed a mixture distribution, named CUB, for ordinal data. The use of such a mixture distribution for modelling ratings is justified by the following consideration: the judgment that a subject expresses is the result of two components, uncertainty and selectiveness. The possibility of relating the parameters of CUB models to covariates makes the formulation interesting for practical applications
In this case study, a sample of 224 fair-trade coffee consumers were interviewed at stores. With this data-set, CUB model split consumers, according to their preferences, in two different segments: one showing high price elasticity, and one with a low price elasticity. As regards the potential of the CUB model, it showed a considerable integration capacity with stochastic utility models, namely latent class models. Indeed, by using the segmentation factors emerging from the CUB as covariates of segmentation in a latent class model and setting the number of classes equal to those emerging from the CUB, it was possible to estimate a model which not only validated the findings of the CUB but also allowed estimation of the WTP for the fair trade characteristic in the different groups.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Enhancing sustainable development of diverse agriculture in Indonesia
Creators: name: Siregar, Masdjidin
name: Suryadi, Muhammad
name: Siregar, Masdjidin
name: Suryadi, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Development

description: This report is the outcome of the first phase of the AGRIDIV project (Identification of pulling factors for enhancing the sustainable development of diverse agriculture in selected Asian countries), which was carried out in 2003-2004. Based on the availability of secondary data, five major CGPRT crops grown in Indonesia are studied in detail to examine the sustainable development of diverse agriculture. The crops include maize, soybean, groundnut, cassava, potato and sweet potato. In addition, rice, as the major staple food in Indonesia, is included and rice-related policies affect resource allocation and therefore affect the development of CGPRT crops.
Realization of a Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer: Observation of fractional statistics
Creators: name: Camino, F. E.
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Goldman, V. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two dimensions, the laws of physics permit existence of anyons, particles with fractional statistics which is neither Fermi nor Bose. That is, upon exchange of two such particles, the quantum state of a system acquires a phase which is neither 0 nor π, but can be any value. The elementary excitations (Laughlin quasiparticles) of a fractional quantum Hall fluid have fractional electric charge and are expected to obey fractional statistics. Here we report experimental realization of a novel Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer, where quasiparticles of the 1/3 fluid execute a closed path around an island of the 2/5 fluid and thus acquire statistical phase. Interference fringes are observed as conductance oscillations as a function of magnetic flux, similar to the Aharonov-Bohm effect. We observe the interference shift by one fringe upon introduction of five magnetic flux quanta (5h/e) into the island. The corresponding 2e charge period is confirmed directly in calibrated gate experiments. These results constitute direct observation of fractional statistics of Laughlin quasiparticles.
description: manuscript of the long version published in Phys. Rev. B
Why is Nation Building So Bloody? Two Cases
Creators: name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper I present case studies of the history of Nation Building in the United States and Turkey. In the United States the nation building project involved the transition of thirteen British colonies to a nation state. In the case of Turkey the nation building project involved a transition from a multinational empire to a Turkish Republic The motivation for writing the two case studies was the abrupt shift in policy by the Bush Administration following the terrorist attack on the New York World Trade Center Towers on September 1, 2001. During his presidential campaign and during his first months in office George W. Bush vigorously criticized what he interpreted as the nation building efforts of the Clinton administration. Before the end of its first year in office the Bush administration had committed American lives and resources to nation building efforts in Afghanistan and Iraq. My first effort was to write a short paper in an op-ed style. "Why Is Nation Building So Bloody?" This paper serves as Chapter 1.0 of this paper. My second effort was to read widely in the classic political science nation building literature and in the more recent policy oriented literature. An example of the first is the collected works of Stein Rokkan, edited by Peter Flora, State Formation, Nation Building, And Mass Politics In Europe: The Theory Of Stein Rokkan (Oxford 1999). Rokkan's work had been published largely between 1960 and the early 1990s. An example of the more policy oriented work was the book edited by Rancis Fukuyama, Nation Building: Beyond Afghanistan and Iraq (Johns Hopkins, 2006). I found much of the scholarly work too formal and abstract for my taste. I found the policy oriented work too close to the policy process to provide an objective perspective. My response was to step back and read in some depth the history of the United States and Turkey nation building projects. The result is this paper. In the case of both the United States and Turkey the nation building efforts were largely a response to internal political and economic forces.
Small Business Marketing Capability in the Food Sector: The Cases of Belgium, Hungary and Italy
Creators: name: Banterle, Allesandro
name: Carraresi, Laura
name: Stranieri, Stefanella
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: marketing capabilities; traditional food; SMEs; cluster analysis

description: The purpose of thie paper is to assess the marketing management capabilities of SMEs producing traditional food products in the EU through thge development of a self-evaluation tool.
SMEs represent the greater part of European food firms and they find it very difficult to adapt to market changes, and to compete with big enterprises. In this context, marketing management capabilities play a key role in good SME performance in the market. The self-evaluation tool is developed in the innovative form of an interactive questionnaire published on the web. At the moment, the sample is composed by 60 traditional food producers located in three member states (Belgium, Italy, and Hungary) belonging to different sectors (cheese, beer, dry ham, sausage and white pepper). The data were analysed with cluster analysis. The results of the survey revealed that most of the firms analysed show weaknesses in marketing management capabilities. Nevertheless, cluster analysis pointed out a group of firms (22% of the sample) with high performances in all the stages of marketing management process, which can be defined market oriented in terms of MARKOR approach. Most firms showed difficulties in analysing the competitive environment in which they operate, and in controlling the achievement of the marketing objectives. Moreover, the survey showed that, generally, micro sized firms perform worse than small and medium enterprises. Nevertheless, in some cases micro firms achieved high performances revealing that the firm size is not a so insuperable constraint to reach good results in marketing.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
Investigation of airborne particles by on-line single-particle mass spectrometry with novel ionization approaches
Creators: name: Schade, Julian Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: This work's objective was to develop new ionization methods to enable the detection of organic/inorganic pollutants from single airborne particles. For the first time, the universal laser desorption/ionization was successfully combined with the selective resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. This facilitates the analysis of the distribution of hazardous PAHs on single-particles and conventional methods of source apportionment according to particle size. Significant progress in the development of single-particle analysis, and the understanding of atmospheric particles could be achieved.