cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative and Conceptual Considerations for Extracting the Knudsen Number in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Nagle, J. L.
name: Steinberg, P.
name: Zajc, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we examine the methodology for extracting the Knudsen number (K) and the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density (eta/s) developed by Drescher et al. The final result for eta/s turns out to be quite sensitive to Glauber parameters, and particularly the parameter x which controls the balance between Npart and Ncoll. We also explore how alternative formulations of the functional relation between the elliptic flow and Knudsen number impacts the physics conclusions, based on Pade approximants. Finally, we extend the calculation to include a limiting minimum value on the mean free path proportional to the DeBroglie wavelength. These results emphasize the importance of clarifying the initial state used in different calculations, as well as the ambiguities inherent in using a transport approach in a strongly-coupled regime.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted for refereed publication
title: Riparian Environmental - Vegetation Interrelationships Along the Lower Escalante River Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Utah
Creators: name: Irvine, James R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: Studies of environmental and riparian vegetation interrelationships along the lower Escalante River were conducted during 1974 and 1975. The study area included the Escalante River flood terrace between Harris Wash and Coyote Gulch.
Methods were developed compatible for wilderness use . Sixty nine 1 x 10 meter macro-plots were taken at 23 locations. Measurements were taken of major environmental parameters thought to influence riparian vegetation : stratigraphy, soil texture and moisture, river bank angle and aspect, and height and width of flood terraces.
Canyon profile was found to be strongly influenced by geologic strata. Resistance to erosion by these strata determines canyon fluctuations and flash floods further modify the river bank profile by creating three distinct flood terraces.
Vegetation distribution was found to be generally correlated with stratigraphy and flood terraces. The most dominant semi-aquatic species, Scirpus americanus and Eguisetum laevigatum were found on soils saturated to supersaturated with water on the low flood terraces. Baccharis emoryi was found in the medium and high flood terraces where the Chinle Formation was exposed. Different time periods between river inundations and flash floods created significantly different population age structures for the three major tree species (Salix exigua, Populus fremontii, and Tamarix pentandra). Tree longevity increased from low to high flood terraces.
Population age structure differences were attributed to flooding which dynamically maintains each cohort. Regeneration by root suckers for Salix and Populus have survival rates greater than Tamarix whose seedling source is washed away by periodic fluctuations in river level. Implications of this research are that reduction in river flow or regulation of floods would remove population equilibrium controls. Tamarix, without the effect of its seed source being washed away , would have a successional advantage over the other two native tree species whose densities in the young age classes are lower than that of Tamarix. Furthermore, tree populations would shift to an older age structure with greater density. Deleterious effects would be increased evapotranspiration and inaccessability to river recreation. The effects of such vegetation changes on wildlife are unknown.
Improving Sustainable Development Outcomes Through Best Management Practices
Creators: name: Ramirez, Byron
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: Over the last several decades the world has undergone several economic, political, environmental, and cultural changes. Society is faced with countless challenges that surround sustainable development. Progress has been made with respect to world poverty, technological development, and environmental awareness. Nonetheless, we have an opportunity to improve the leadership, planning, implementation, and monitoring of sustainable development projects. Notwithstanding having better technology and increased access to more data and information, we are still not able to optimize sustainable development decisions. This paper addresses a few critical aspects of strategic management and some resulting challenges faced by policy makers, managers, and implementers of sustainable development projects who come from the private sector, public sector and NGOs. The paper offers some managerial recommendations on how to enhance the leadership, planning, implementation, and monitoring of sustainable development projects.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Building practical dietary strategies to improve the metabolic health of night shift workers
Creators: name: LEUNG, GLORIA KWAN WAI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 321005
subject: Public health nutrition
classificationCode: 321099
subject: Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified

description: Night shift workers face an increased risk of developing heart disease, diabetes and obesity. This Thesis suggests that their increased risk of disease may be related to their night time eating habits. Therefore, we tested whether fasting for a short period of time during the night is able to improve night shift workers’ metabolic health. Our findings showed that workers were able to maintain a 5-hour fasting during the night, and this may promote body weight maintenance. Furthermore, we showed that a supportive workplace is essential, in order to help night shift workers implement healthy eating habits.
Theoretical investigation of electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of tellurium doped barium titanate (BTO) through modified Becke Johnson exchange potential
Creators: name: Ziati, Meryem
name: Ez-Zahraouy, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability, electronic structure, optical and thermoelectric properties of Te-doped BaTiO3 are investigated by first-principal calculation based on the density functional theory and Boltzmann transport theory implemented in WIEN2K and BoltzTraP simulation program. This study is carried out by applying LDA + TB-mBJ potential. Formation energy of each doped structure is calculated to examine the stability and feasibility of the synthesis. Incorporating Te into BaTiO3 efficiently reduces the electronic band gap and the level of band gap reduction can be controlled by varying the amount of dopant. Hence, the absorption ability is improved in the visible light. Our findings suggest that all the doped structures are significantly absorbent and productive with an optical absorption that exceeds 105 cm-1 in the visible range. In addition, BaTiO3 revealed a smaller dielectric constant at zero frequency compared to Te doped-BTO: 8.3%, while the optical energy gap is reduced from 3.692 eV to 1.619 eV by growing Te concentration. Then, optical conductivity and Urbach's parameters are predicted. The transport properties are assessed as a function of temperature. It is found that the electrical conductivity is considerably enhanced with increase properties such as Seebeck coefficient and figure of merit are also investigated. Our theoretical results can be useful for thermoelectric and visible light photoelectrical device applications.
Kaasasündinud südamerikete korral lastel esineva südamepuudulikkuse patofüsioloogia ja ravi uued aspektid
Creators: name: Sizarov, Aleksander
name: Virro, Silvia
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004
Subjects: imikud, kaasasündinud südamerikked, südamepuudulikkus, neurohormonaalne aktivatsioon, beeta-blokaatorid

description: Kaasasündinud  südamerikete korral kujunevat  südamepuudulikkust käsitleti 1990. aastate  lõpuni kui hemodünaamilistest muutustest tingitud seisundit, kuid viimastel aastatel leidis kinnitust südamepuudulikkuse kujunemise neurohormonaalne  teooria. Nimetatud  teooria kohaselt on  südamepuudulikkuse sümptomite kujunemisel oluline  roll eelkõige  sümpaatilise närvisüsteemi püsival aktivatsioonil. Sellest lähtuvalt on patogeneetilise ravina südamepuudulikkuse käsitluses võetud kasutusele beeta-blokaatorid, mis kaasasündinud südameriketega lastel on andnud hea tulemuse nii südamepuudulikkuse sümptomite vähendamise kui ka müokardi remodelleerumise takistamise osas.


Eesti Arst 2004; 83 (11): 756–761
description: Eesti Arst, November 2004
title: Utah State University Stilling Basin Pipe Flow to Open Channels
Creators: name: Rasheed, Hameed
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1963

description: Energy dissipation problems are often encountered where pipelines discharge into open channels. Normal pipe flow velocities most often result in super-critical velocities in canals. These high velocities may cause scour, overtopping, and unstable flow in the channel.
The principal objective of the study was to find an efficient and economical design of a stilling basin transition from pipe flow to open channels. Pertinent variables were selected and their effects determined by extensive experimentation.
An efficient stilling basin was developed utilizing a short dissipator pipe on the wall opposite the inflow pipe. The optimum diameter, length, and differential elevation between center lines was determined.
Probing EWSB through vector boson scattering at the LHC
Creators: name: Franzosi, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the power of the LHC in probing effects of strongly-interacting symmetry breaking sector through vector boson scattering in a complete partonic analysis.
description: Talk given at IFAE 2009, Bari, Italy, 15-17 April 2009
title: An Economic Study of Grain Corn, Sweet Corn, and Silage Corn in Northern Utah, 1962
Creators: name: Erikson, Guy A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: In 1959 there were 49,006 acres of corn grown in the state of Utah. Included in this were 4,232 acres of grain corn, 38,770 acres of silage corn , and 4,470 acres of sweet corn. The remaining acres of corn were used for pasture, cut as fodder, or any miscellaneous use.
Dairy Milk for Skeletal Muscle Health and Sarcopenia in Active Older Adults
Creators: name: HUSCHTSCHA, ZOYA MAREE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 321099
subject: Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of a high-protein dairy milk beverage on outcomes related to sarcopenia in a cohort of active older adults. Results showed that the addition of protein in the form of a high-protein dairy milk with progressive resistance training, was associated with a greater increase in strength following a 12-week intervention trial. The studies within this thesis collectively emphasised the complex nature of ageing and the many cofounding variables (e.g., age, training status, biological sex, and protein intake) that should be considered in the active ageing population in future research.
Priced Out of the Market: Informal Settlements in Honiara, Solomon Islands
Creators: name: Keen, Meg
name: Kiddle, Luke
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: This In Brief reports on recent work, supported by UN-Habitat and donors, aimed at creating a profile of Honiara’s informal settlement situation and the challenges ahead. We then focus on one key missing element: the critical need to improve housing affordability.
Eesti Arstide Seltsi Rootsis muutumised Kas uued väliseestlased on valmis üle võtma?
Creators: name: Anderson, Ants
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004

description: EASRi põhikirja esimene lause ütleb: “Eesti Arstide Selts Rootsis (edaspidi selts) on Rootsis elunevaid eesti rahvusest arste ja hambaarste ning vastavate alade üliõpilasi koondav teaduslik ja kollegiaalne organisatsioon.” EASRil on pikk  ja uhke minevik, aga nüüd on juba aastaid olnud märgata, et seltsi jõud on raugemas. Omaaegsed entusiastid vana-nevad ja kaovad. Uusi liikmeid on liiga vähe. Põgenike lastel ja lastelastel ei ole huvi kaasmaalastest kolleegide vastu või puudub küllaldane emakeeleoskus. Kahjuks on ka viimastel kümnenditel Rootsi tulnud  kolleegidel  seni olnud  liiga  vähe huvi  või vajalikke otsekontakte seltsiga liitumiseks.

Eesti Arst 2004; 83(11): 788-789
description: Eesti Arst, November 2004
Rio Conventions Redux: An Argument for Merging the Trio into a Single Convention on Environmental Management
Creators: name: Young, Walker
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: It has been argued that the separation of environmental management into three different subject areas - climate change, biological diversity and desertification - with different implementing bodies is not an ideal approach to the Rio Conventions. Specifically, the United Nations (UN) would achieve better results if the three Rio Conventions were consolidated into one Convention on Environmental Management (CEM). This would allow the streamlining of UN organizations into a stronger, consolidated body. Such a unified structure would be more effective in addressing the convention goals, due to its enhanced integration and coordinated assessment and implementation. By consolidating secretariats and moving operations to a single location, the CEM would benefit from enhanced knowledge management and greater efficiency of operations. Further, a systems theory view of environmental management supports an integrated approach that maximizes sustainability by addressing interdependent ecosystem functions in a holistic matter.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Eesti arstid maailma arstide parlamendis
Creators: name: Oro, Indrek
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004

description: Ettepaneku  Eesti  Arstide  Liidule  (EAL)  liitumiseks Maailma Arstide  Liiduga  (World Medical Association, WMA)  tegid eelmise aasta septembris Helsingis toimunud peaassambleel (vt ka EA nr 11, 2003) WMA  toonane president Kati Myllymäki ja peasekretär Delon Human. Eesti arstid näitasid oma üksmeelset toetust liitumisettepanekule viimasel üldkogu koosolekul Viljandis. Ühehäälne toetus oli selge märk, et arstkonna ilmavaatest pole kadunud igiomane ühtekuuluvustunne oma ametivendadega teistes maades.

Eesti Arst 2004; 83(11): 790-792
description: Eesti Arst, November 2004
title: History of the Japanese-American Relocation Center at Hunt, Minidoka County, Idaho
Creators: name: Hausler, Donald E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the event which hurled the United States into the throes of the Second World War, convinced many military strategists that precautions should be taken to guard the West Canst against possible invasion. The erection of a formidable defense system along the coast was complicated by the fact that 110,000 Japanese lived in Washington, Oregon, and California, a situation that could be hardly ignored by a suspicious public who rapidly formed the opinion that most Japanese-Americans harbored disloyal attitudes and would prove to be a menace to the war effort unless measures were immediately taken to restrict their activities.
Scaling Up Sustainable Renewable Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste in the African Continent: Lessons from eThekwini, South Africa
Creators: name: Gumbo, Trynos
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: The three processes of urbanization, industrialization and globalization are positively correlated with municipal solid waste generation and energy consumption in global urban centers. Heavy reliance on fossil fuels in most world cities has contributed not only to global warming and climate change, but also to astronomical increases and volatility in the prices of energy sources. Africa has suffered from energy shortages and climate change as well, for it depends on very limited oil reserves and on finite, toxic coal resources. Thus, the need for innovation in renewable energy generation is more urgent now than ever. Africa is home to many renewable energy sources, ranging from sun and water to municipal solid waste and wind. This article discusses the conversion of waste to energy in the eThekwini municipality, a South African metropolis, and describes prospects for implementing a similar model in other African countries. The study unearths cutting-edge work by the Department of Cleansing and Solid Waste of eThekwini municipality, which has adopted modern municipal solid waste management and treatment systems. For almost a decade now, the municipality has demonstrated the potential for African cities to achieve two primary objectives: first, to generate clean renewable energy sources that contribute to economic development, and second, to reduce urban social and environmental problems resulting from improper waste disposal. The municipality’s success also reveals tremendous opportunities to improve waste management, financial investments, technological take-up, and skillsets to support the African green energy revolution.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Reflekt: a Library for Compile-Time Reflection in Kotlin
Creators: name: Birillo, Anastasiia
name: Lyulina, Elena
name: Malysheva, Maria
name: Tankov, Vladislav
name: Bryksin, Timofey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reflection in Kotlin is a powerful mechanism to introspect program behavior during its execution at run-time. However, among the variety of practical tasks involving reflection, there are scenarios when the poor performance of run-time approaches becomes a significant disadvantage. This problem manifests itself in Kotless, a popular framework for developing serverless applications, because the faster the applications launch, the less their cloud infrastructure costs. In this paper, we present Reflekt - a compile-time reflection library which allows to perform the search among classes, object expressions (which in Kotlin are implemented as singleton classes), and functions in Kotlin code based on the given search query. It comes with a convenient DSL and better performance comparing to the existing run-time reflection approaches. Our experiments show that replacing run-time reflection calls with Reflekt in serverless applications created with Kotless resulted in a significant performance boost in start-up time of these applications.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
North-South Imbalances in the International Trade Regime: Why the WTO Does Not Benefit Developing Countries as Much as it Could
Creators: name: Bernhardt, Thomas
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: Participation in international trade potentially brings huge benefits to developing countries. However, the design and setup of the international trade regime, most importantly the rules and regulations stipulated in the agreements of the World Trade Organization (WTO), often make it difficult for developing countries to fully tap this potential. As will be argued in this paper using descriptive statistics, some of these agreements lead to imbalanced consequences for developing vs. developed countries. First, one of the key objectives of WTO agreements, namely to enhance member states access to other members markets, has so far been realized in a rather imbalanced fashion, to the detriment of developing countries. Second, various WTO stipulations contribute to reducing the “policy space” of developing countries, thereby hampering their ability to pursue national policies aimed at fostering economic development. A lot of this can be related to asymmetries in the governance structure of the WTO which help explain why international trade negotiations have preserved such imbalanced outcomes. Against this backdrop, this paper advocates for a pro-development international trade regime that facilitates a more sustainable integration of developing countries into the world economy and that supports their efforts to fully reap the benefits that participating in the international division of labor offers to them.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Smooth and irreducible multigraded Hilbert schemes
Creators: name: Maclagan, Diane
name: Smith, Gregory G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05; 13A03; 05E99

description: The multigraded Hilbert scheme parametrizes all homogeneous ideals in a polynomial ring graded by an abelian group with a fixed Hilbert function. We prove that any multigraded Hilbert scheme is smooth and irreducible when the polynomial ring is ZZ[x,y], which establishes a conjecture of Haiman and Sturmfels.
description: added references, corrected typos, and made minor improvements to the exposition
title: An Economic Study of Adjustment Possibilities in Farm Organization and Resource Allocation in the Sevier River Valley in Piute County, Utah, 1961
Creators: name: Langford, Gordon L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: Problems that confront the farmer are varied, but one of the most important is the combination of his possible enterprises so that maximum financial return from farming is obtained. This problem has been made more important in the last decade by the severity of the agricultural price-cost squeeze.
Automatic Issue Classifier: A Transfer Learning Framework for Classifying Issue Reports
Creators: name: Nadeem, Anas
name: Sarwar, Muhammad Usman
name: Malik, Muhammad Zubair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Issue tracking systems are used in the software industry for the facilitation of maintenance activities that keep the software robust and up to date with ever-changing industry requirements. Usually, users report issues that can be categorized into different labels such as bug reports, enhancement requests, and questions related to the software. Most of the issue tracking systems make the labelling of these issue reports optional for the issue submitter, which leads to a large number of unlabeled issue reports. In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art method to classify the issue reports into their respective categories i.e. bug, enhancement, and question. This is a challenging task because of the common use of informal language in the issue reports. Existing studies use traditional natural language processing approaches adopting key-word based features, which fail to incorporate the contextual relationship between words and therefore result in a high rate of false positives and false negatives. Moreover, previous works utilize a uni-label approach to classify the issue reports however, in reality, an issue-submitter can tag one issue report with more than one label at a time. This paper presents our approach to classify the issue reports in a multi-label setting. We use an off-the-shelf neural network called RoBERTa and fine-tune it to classify the issue reports. We validate our approach on issue reports belonging to numerous industrial projects from GitHub. We were able to achieve promising F-1 scores of 81%, 74%, and 80% for bug reports, enhancements, and questions, respectively. We also develop an industry tool called Automatic Issue Classifier (AIC), which automatically assigns labels to newly reported issues on GitHub repositories with high accuracy.
description: 6 pages, International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE 2021) Industry Track
Spin orbit-induced anisotropic conductivity of a disordered 2DEG
Creators: name: Chalaev, Oleg
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semi-automated computer-assisted method to generate and calculate diagrams in the disorder averaging approach to disordered 2D conductors with intrinsic spin-orbit interaction (SOI). As an application, we calculate the effect of the SOI on the charge conductivity for disordered 2D systems and rings in the presence of Rashba and Dresselhaus SOI. In an infinite-size 2D system, anisotropic corrections to the conductivity tensor arise due to phase-coherence and the interplay of Rashba and Dresselhaus SOI. The effect is more pronounced in the quasi-onedimensional case, where the conductivity becomes anisotropic already in the presence of only one type of SOI. The anisotropy further increases if the time-reversal symmetry of the Hamiltonian is broken.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
The effectiveness of dairy milk as an exercise recovery beverage: Assessment on overall recovery markers.
Creators: name: RUSSO, ISABELLA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: In recent years, flavoured dairy milk beverages have been identified as the possible ‘gold-standard’ of exercise recovery nutrition, owing to their close alignment with current recovery guidelines. However, these guidelines do not consider the role of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system in digestion, absorption and assimilation of recovery nutrition. This thesis examined the effects of a flavoured dairy milk beverage in comparison to other commonly consumed dairy and non-dairy recovery beverages, on global markers of exercise recovery, including refuelling of energy stores, repair of muscle, rehydration, restoration of immune function, regulation of the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequent exercise performance.
The Red Zone: Why Beijing’s Air Pollution Crisis is More Complicated than You Think
Creators: name: Schipani, Samantha
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: Beijing’s air pollution crisis is immediately pressing, but multivariate analysis of the urban area reveal how complicated the issue is environmentally and economically.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
title: The Radiative and Conductive Heat Exchange of a Cold Desert
Creators: name: Martinez, Luis R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The heat exchange during dry conditions in Curlew Valley for selected clear days is determined from recordings in 10 minute intervals. The two heat budget components, radiative exchange and heat flow in the soil, are studied in detail.
Maximum surface temperature due to radiative exchange above, assuming no heat loss by other components, is determined.
Reduction of surface temperature by heat conduction into the ground was calculated as a second step to solve the heat budget equation.
Substantial heat flow throughout a day is restricted to the upper 10 em of the soil. Diffusivity of the soil was determined from soil temperature using phase and amplitude equations, of which the first gave better results.
Supporting Capabilities: Using Psychosocial Concepts to Guide a Sennian Approach to Escaping Urban Poverty
Creators: name: Burgess, Rochelle
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: Currently, more than half of the human population resides in cities. Over one-third of these cities are located in the global south, where many of the world's slum and squatter settlements are located. The unique experience of the urban poor has helped initiate a reconfiguration of poverty definitions, led by Amartya Sen's capabilities approach. Countless poverty alleviation programs have since incorporated his ideals, but with limited success. This paper attempts to address these issues by examining the role of psychosocial phenomena such as identity, social representations and stigma in the escape from poverty. Through unpacking the interactions between these phenomena against the background of poverty within Brazilian favelas, the author attempts to help inform a more concrete framework for the application of Sennian approaches to poverty alleviation in urban centers.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Fighting Inflammation with Food: Investigating the effect of using a whole-of-diet approach to lower levels of inflammation in metabolically compromised adults
Creators: name: COWAN, STEPHANIE FLORENCE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 321005
subject: Public health nutrition
classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: Heart disease is the number one cause of death globally, and inflammation in obesity contributes to its development and progression. This thesis presents evidence that an innovative anti-inflammatory diet can reduce inflammation in adults who have an increased risk of developing heart disease. These beneficial effects on inflammation can occur in the absence of weight loss. While weight loss is a first line treatment for reducing heart disease risk, long-term weight management in obesity has a high risk of failure. The findings from this thesis present an alternative dietary strategy that may help to prevent disease onset and slow progression.
Ecological Agriculture and Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change: A Practical and Holistic Strategy for Indian Smallholders
Creators: name: Bargout, Remy
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: The largest demographic in India suffering from the adverse impacts of global climate change are small farmers. India’s rural population is approximately 800 million, with the majority being households dependent on small-scale agriculture. For these smallholders, facing a common rural reality of disempowerment and limited disposable household capital, the agro-ecological results of climate volatility will have catastrophic costs. In a single growing season, even moderate climate abnormalities in temperature regime or moisture regime have shown to disrupt farm agro-ecology and diminish harvests over time. Using a precautionary principle to identify sustainable adaptation solutions, ecological farming offers the most practical and holistic traits of resilience, particularly in the areas of soil, water, and biodiversity. When acknowledging ecological agriculture as an empowering adaptation strategy for smallholders, the evident sustainability of this approach is also apparent alongside key structural dynamics limiting its adoption.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Eesti ravijuhendite koostamise süsteem on ajakohastatud ja uus käsiraamat valminud
Creators: name: Mathiesen, Mari
name: Starkopf, Joel
name: Habicht, Jarno
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2011

description: Eesti Arst 2011; 90(8):364–365
description: Eesti Arst, September 2011
Improving Graph Collaborative Filtering with Neighborhood-enriched Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Lin, Zihan
name: Tian, Changxin
name: Hou, Yupeng
name: Zhao, Wayne Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, graph collaborative filtering methods have been proposed as an effective recommendation approach, which can capture users' preference over items by modeling the user-item interaction graphs. In order to reduce the influence of data sparsity, contrastive learning is adopted in graph collaborative filtering for enhancing the performance. However, these methods typically construct the contrastive pairs by random sampling, which neglect the neighboring relations among users (or items) and fail to fully exploit the potential of contrastive learning for recommendation. To tackle the above issue, we propose a novel contrastive learning approach, named Neighborhood-enriched Contrastive Learning, named NCL, which explicitly incorporates the potential neighbors into contrastive pairs. Specifically, we introduce the neighbors of a user (or an item) from graph structure and semantic space respectively. For the structural neighbors on the interaction graph, we develop a novel structure-contrastive objective that regards users (or items) and their structural neighbors as positive contrastive pairs. In implementation, the representations of users (or items) and neighbors correspond to the outputs of different GNN layers. Furthermore, to excavate the potential neighbor relation in semantic space, we assume that users with similar representations are within the semantic neighborhood, and incorporate these semantic neighbors into the prototype-contrastive objective. The proposed NCL can be optimized with EM algorithm and generalized to apply to graph collaborative filtering methods. Extensive experiments on five public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed NCL, notably with 26% and 17% performance gain over a competitive graph collaborative filtering base model on the Yelp and Amazon-book datasets respectively. Our code is available at: https://github.com/RUCAIBox/NCL.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by TheWebConf 2022
Scaling of loop-erased walks in 2 to 4 dimensions
Creators: name: Grassberger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate loop-erased random walks on simple (hyper-)cubic lattices of dimensions 2,3, and 4. These simulations were mainly motivated to test recent two loop renormalization group predictions for logarithmic corrections in $d=4$, simulations in lower dimensions were done for completeness and in order to test the algorithm. In $d=2$, we verify with high precision the prediction $D=5/4$, where the number of steps $n$ after erasure scales with the number $N$ of steps before erasure as $n\sim N^{D/2}$. In $d=3$ we again find a power law, but with an exponent different from the one found in the most precise previous simulations: $D = 1.6236\pm 0.0004$. Finally, we see clear deviations from the naive scaling $n\sim N$ in $d=4$. While they agree only qualitatively with the leading logarithmic corrections predicted by several authors, their agreement with the two-loop prediction is nearly perfect.
description: 3 pages, including 3 figures
title: The Economic Contribution of the Out-of-State Student to the Economy of Utah
Creators: name: Markowski, Joseph Thomas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: Is the out-of-state college student in Utah paying his own way? Many legislative debates within recent years have centered themselves upon this controversial question without obtaining any definite answers. Articles have been written both pro and con concerning the amount of financial responsibility in higher education that should be assumed by governmental bodies, i.e.: should the state institutions be supported more by taxes or should a greater portion of its costs be covered by student fees with the possible result that fewer students will attend because of higher fees.
Tensile strain induced changes in the optical spectra of SrTiO3 epitaxial thin films
Creators: name: Dejneka, A.
name: Tyunina, M.
name: Narkilahti, J.
name: Levoska, J.
name: Chvostova, D.
name: Jastrabik, L.
name: Trepakov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effect of biaxial tensile strains on optical functions and band edge transitions of ultra thin epitaxial films was studied using as an example a 13 nm thick SrTiO3 films deposited on KTaO3(100) single-crystal substrates. Optical functions were determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry technique. It was found that tensile strains result in a shift of the low energy band gap optical transitions to higher energies and decrease the refractive index in the visible region. Comparison of the optical spectra for strained SrTiO3 films and for homoepitaxial strain-free SrTiO3:Cr (0.01 %at.) films deposited on SrTiO3(100) single crystalline substrates showed that this shift could not be related to technological imperfections or to reduced thickness. The observed effect is connected with changes in the lowest conduction and in the top valence bands that are due to increase of the in-plane lattice constant and/or onset of polar phase in the tensile strain-induced ultra-thin epitaxial SrTiO3 films.
America’s Other Growth Rate: What the U.S. Obesity Epidemic and Healthcare Cost Crisis Mean for the Rest of the World
Creators: name: Dhillon, Ranu
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: Increasing obesity rates in the United States have fueled soaring healthcare costs and exacerbated recent fiscal and economic challenges. This phenomena, however, is not unique to the U.S. and many countries, including low and middleincome countries, are seeing increasing numbers of people who are obese or overweight. Finding ways for societies to achieve the benefits of economic growth without suffering concurrent epidemics of obesity and related diseases represents a central challenge to sustainable development. For countries where this epidemic has already taken hold, new policy thinking is needed to mitigate this burden. Meanwhile, emerging nations must define new pathways for development that bypass or minimize these pitfalls. Proactive public policies, innovations in healthcare delivery, and refashioning the lifestyles adopted with growth represent potential avenues through which countries can navigate this issue.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
Direct observation of localization in the minority-spin-band electrons of magnetite below the Verwey temperature
Creators: name: Kobayashi, H.
name: Nagao, T.
name: Itou, M.
name: Todo, S.
name: Barbiellini, B.
name: Mijnarends, P. E.
name: Bansil, A.
name: Sakai, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional spin-uncompensated momentum density distributions, $ρ_{\rm s}^{2D}({\bf p})$s, were reconstructed in magnetite at 12K and 300K from several measured directional magnetic Compton profiles. Mechanical de-twinning was used to overcome severe twinning in the single crystal sample below the Verwey transition. The reconstructed $ρ_{\rm s}^{2D}({\bf p})$ in the first Brillouin zone changes from being negative at 300 K to positive at 12 K. This result provides the first clear evidence that electrons with low momenta in the minority spin bands in magnetite are localized below the Verwey transition temperature.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Physical Review B
Spontaanse subarahnoidaalse hemorraagia diagnoosimise kiirus ja seda mõjutavad tegurid
Creators: name: Vetkas, Artur
name: Mehevits, Kadri
name: Rätsep, Tõnu
name: Asser, Toomas
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2011
Subjects: subarahnoidaalne hemorraagia, ajuarteri aneurüsm, diagnostika

description: Hilinemine spontaanse subarahnoidaalse hemorraagia (SAH) diagnoosimisel suurendab tusistuste riski ja halvendab ravi tulemusi.
 Eesmärk. Uuringu eesmärgiks oli analüüsida SAHiga patsientide esialgseid diagnoose, diagnostilistele uuringutele jõudmiseks kulunud aega ja haiguse diagnoosimisel tekkinud viivitusi.
 Uurimismaterjal ja -meetodid. Retrospektiivsesse uuringusse kaasati kõik aastatel 2006–2009 Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikumi hospitaliseeritud SAHi diagnoosiga patsiendid. Esialgsest diagnoosist sõltumatult peeti SAHiga patsientide adekvaatseks käsitluseks patsiendi suunamist täiendavatele diagnostilistele uuringutele või hospitaliseerimist.
 Tulemused. Uuringurühma kuulus 174 patsienti. Esialgse diagnoosi määramisel oli peaaju verevarustuse häire peale mõeldud 60%-l (n = 104) juhtudest. Esimese ööpaeva jooksul pärast haigestumist jõudis meditsiinilise abini 81,3% haigetest ja diagnostilisele uuringutele 69,7% haigetest. Esmane arstiabi osutamine ei lõppenud patsiendi hospitaliseerimisega 24,7%-l uuritavatest (n = 43). Diagnoosi hilinemise oht oli suurem heas seisundis haigetel ning olulised ebaadekvaatse käsitlusega seonduvad tegurid olid teadvushäire puudumine pärast haigestumist, meessugu ja esmase arstiabi osutamine perearsti poolt (p


 Eesti Arst 2011;90(8):366-371
description: Eesti Arst, September 2011
Good Life As a Social Movement Proposal for Natural Resource Use: The Indigenous Movement in Ecuador
Creators: name: Altmann, Philipp
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: The Ecuadorian indigenous movement has developed the concept of Good Life (Sumak Kawsay or Buen Vivir) as a conceptual weapon in order to defend the territories of indigenous nationalities as the movement itself defines them. Starting in 2002, petroleum exploitation in indigenous areas in the Amazon has been denounced as an attack against the principles of the traditional concept of Good Life. The introduction of the concept of Good Life allowed the local as well as the national indigenous organizations to define their vision of the country and society, while allowing easier coalitions with a growing Ecological Left. Good Life is not only a new content in the indigenous discourse, but also an instrument for social movement mobilization and coalition building. This text aims to offer a clearer idea of what the indigenous movement in Ecuador understands as Good Life, the development of the concept, the different contents and relations it has, and its strategic use in Ecuadorian politics.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014
title: Factors Affecting the Supply of Grade A Milk in the Great Basin Milk Marketing Area
Creators: name: Williams, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1965

description: The supply of market milk in the Great Basin marketing area has been increasing more rapidly than the demand for fluid milk and cream. During the last four years, supply of market milk increased 35 million pounds, while fluid use increased only 15 million pounds.
Tervis ja elukvaliteet vanemas elueas
Creators: name: Laidmäe, Virve-Ines
name: Tulva, Taimi
name: Leppik, Lauri
name: Tammsaar, Krista
name: Saar, Helika
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2011
Subjects: eakad, elukvaliteet, subjektiivne tervisehinnang, stress, unehäired

description: Eesmärk. Uurimuse eesmärk on teha kindlaks üle 65 aasta vanuste subjektiivsed hinnangud oma elukvaliteedile ning selgitada selle mõjutamise võimalikke sotsiaal-demograafilisi ja tervisenäitajatest tulenevaid ressursse.
 Uurimismaterjal ja -meetodid. Uuring põhineb Tallinna Ülikooli sotsiaaltöö instituudi ja Helsingi Arcada rakenduskõrgkooli koostöös 2010. aastal korraldatud postiküsitlusel, milles osales 581 Tallinna ja Lääne-Virumaa vanemaealist. Väljasaadetud ankeetidest tagastati 39%. Andmeid analüüsiti, kasutades sagedustabeleid ja Pearsoni X2-testi ning sellele vastavat olulisuse tõenaosust p. Tulemused peegeldavad uuritavate subjektiivseid arvamusi.
 Tulemused. Vastanutest 25% hindas oma elukvaliteeti 100 palli susteemis 40–50 palliga ning 39% 61 ja enama palliga. Elukvaliteedi skoor oli suurem töötavatel kõrgema  haridusega ja suurema sissetulekuga uuritavatel. Eaka elukvaliteet sõltub oluliselt tema positiivsest eluhoiakust ja terviseseisundi erinevatest iseloomustajatest. Naiste hulgas oli meestest suurem luustiku ja lihaskonna haiguste (50%) ning väsimuse ja stressivaevuste esinemine (51%). Enamus vastajatest kaebas unehäireid (90%). Kõige enam põhjustasid unehäireid muremõtted, eluraskused, stress ja terviseprobleemid.
 Järeldused. Hoiaku puhul, kus vanemaealine tajub ennast kasutu ja väärtusetuna ning tunneb ennast üksikuna, kaasneb madalam hinnang elukvaliteedile. Unetuse varajane avastamine aitaks vähendada mitmeid terviseriske. Andmed ei kinnita eluga rahulolu suurenemist vanemas eas (U-pööre), kuna nii elukvaliteedi näitaja kui ka rahulolu näitajad parast 70. eluaastat kahanevad.


 Eesti Arst 2011; 90(8):372–379
description: Eesti Arst, September 2011
Assessing Capacity and Capacity Development in Public Health Community Nutrition Interventions.
Creators: name: VAN HERWERDEN, LOUISE ANTOINETTE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321005
subject: Public health nutrition
classificationCode: 321099
subject: Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis explores capacity changes and interactions between individuals, communities and organisations and how this influences the development of successful community-based interventions. It identifies better practices for researchers and practitioners to assess capacity and capacity changes in community-based interventions. The findings highlight the dynamic change processes affecting capacity development and that relationships and communication processes are fundamental to create sustainable healthy communities. This research contributes valuable new evidence about a concept not previously described around capacity in public health, that being adaptive capacity, or adaptability. New opportunities for researchers to assess capacity changes using adaptive capacity methods may lead to improvements in capacity assessment in public health community-based interventions.
Melanoomihaige järelkontrollil 18F-FDG-PET-KT uuringul juhuleiuna avastatud primaarne rinnavähk
Creators: name: Ulst, Kai
name: Eelma, Evelyn
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2011

description: Eesti Arst 2011; 90(8):380–381
description: Eesti Arst, September 2011
A Different Path: The Global Water Crisis and Rainwater Harvesting
Creators: name: Cain, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2014

description: The global water crisis is predicted to kill 34 to 76 million people by 2020. Large-scale infrastructure projects can provide water, but construction of these projects has not proven adequate to meet growing populations and, even where feasible, large-scale projects have significant social, economic and environmental impacts. A different path to solving the global water crisis that emphasizes efficiency and sustainable, community- scale projects in addition to centralized infrastructure, has been mapped by a range of scholars and activists. Small scale rainwater harvesting is one sustainable approach that is proving increasingly effective in both rural and urban settings in the developing world. This paper surveys the use of rainwater harvesting in India and draws some lessons for the application of this approach to other regions.
description: Consilience, No. 12 (2014): Issue Twelve: 2014