cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptation and regulation of fatty acid composition in candida albicans in response to environmental conditions
Creators: name: Stivers, Peter J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that growsin the mammalian gut at a constant temperature of37oC. Like most fungi, Candida albicans membranescontain mono-­‐and polyunsaturated fatty acids thatare formed by Δ9, Δ12, and Δ15 fatty acid desaturaseenzymes. Studies of other ectothermic fungi have shownthat desaturases are highly regulated with respect to growth temperatures and the availability of exogenousnutrient fatty acids. Experiments were performed toassess whether the lipid composition and fatty aciddesaturases of Candida are regulated under similarconditions. Candida was found to adapt to temperaturesranging from 15oC to 37oC, however, at 15oC an unusual 12-­‐hour biphasic lag phase was observed before cells entered logarithmic growth. Theseexperiments showed that cellular fatty acyl compositionwas dynamic and varied with both the growth phase andthe growth temperature. Growth at lower temperaturesin the 37oC-­‐20oC range resulted in higher levels ofdouble bonds in membrane lipids, which is consistentwith induced levels of desaturase activities seen inectothermic fungi as they adapt to low temperatures.Unexpectedly, the fatty acyl double bond content in20oC cells was found to be higher than that at 15oC.Analysis of the relative mRNA levels for Δ9, Δ12, andΔ15 desaturases showed a correlation with the respective fatty acyl compositions found at eachtemperature. Candida was found to incorporate exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids from the culturemedium at 30oC and α-­‐linolenic acid and γ-­‐linolenicacid accumulated to high levels in cellular lipids, resulting in repressed levels of the endogenous unsaturated species. Arachidonic acid accumulatedin cellular lipids at lower levels under the same conditions, but also produced marked reductions in endogenous 18:1. Analysis of mRNAs from the 30oCsupplemented cells showed that all three fatty acids repressed the Δ9 and Δ15 desaturase mRNA levels while inducing Δ12 desaturase gene expression. Inexperiments to test the effects of unsaturated fatty acidson the ability of Candida to adapt to low temperaturesall three polyunsaturated acids were found to incorporate into lipids at high levels in cells grown at 15oC. This supplementation, however, produced no change in the extent of the lag phase and growth rate ofCandida at 15oC. Under these conditions, all threeexogenous fatty acids were found to repress both Δ9 and Δ12 desaturase mRNA levels.
Peer victimization of children with disabilities
Creators: name: Son, Esther
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Peer victimization is a serious social problem that can negatively affect a child’s psychosocial development and school adjustment, and may have lasting effects for victims. Previous studies on peer victimization have suggested that children with disabilities (CWD) are likely to be more frequent targets of peer victimization. This longitudinal study analyzed three waves of data from the Pre-Elementary Education Longitudinal Study data (N = 1,268). Using the child-by-environment model as a conceptual framework, the study examined the prevalence, nature, and pathways between child characteristics, family factors, school factors at Wave 1, peer-relation difficulties at Wave 2, and peer victimization at Wave 3. To account for the complex sampling used in the dataset, statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 10 and included descriptive analyses, cross-tabulations, Pearson correlations, and a path analysis with AMOS 17.0.     The findings showed that one quarter to one third of pre-elementary CWD experienced some form of peer victimization in school. Peer victimization increased over the 3-year study period, and there were also substantial rates of multiple victimization among CWD. The path model showed an acceptable fit to the data. Two pathways explained the influence of risk and protective factors for peer victimization among young CWD. First, children’s environmental factors, such as low family income and spending more time in a special-education classroom setting, were associated with children’s poor social behaviors, which in turn affected peer-relation difficulties, and increased peer victimization. Second, CWD from low-income families and special-education classroom settings were more likely to have poor language development and social skills, which affected children’s peer-relation difficulties and increased peer victimization.    These results suggest the need to provide bullying prevention and intervention strategies for CWD, which have been previously neglected in the context of school-based bullying prevention and intervention programs. Practical implications include developing programs tailored for CWD from low-income families and special-education classroom settings, providing mental health services for pre-elementary CWD, linking parents to available school and community resources to improve children’s language and social skills, and promoting polices to enhance social conditions for CWD.
Subversive bodies in nineteenth-century narratives of Paris and London
Creators: name: Sokowski, Sandra
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: In this dissertation, Subversive Bodies in Nineteenth-Century Narratives of Paris and London, I compare representations of subversive bodies (transgressive women, revolutionaries, and monsters) in six paradigmatic French and British texts written from the beginning to the end of the nineteenth century and set in the metropolitan centers of Paris and London.  This is an original comparative study of subversive bodies in the context of metanarratives of discipline and control.  Working with Fredric Jameson’s concept of the political unconscious, and Michel Foucault’s work on discipline and the body, I analyze the articulation of contemporary scientific and sociological discourses in these novels to ultimately show how bodies that defy the dominant social order and ideology are effectively contained and silenced.  In Mary Wollstonecraft’s The Wrongs of Woman, or Maria, the protagonist struggles to find a language that legitimates her experience as a moral subject in a female body, which gestures toward a narrative of subject formation that finds fissures in the institutions that define the female.  In Claire de Duras’ Ourika, the material realities of the protagonist’s African body are erased through her narrative told in the discourse of the colonizer; in turn, her body disintegrates from an impossible longing to enter the symbolic order that denies subjectivity to her black body.  In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens uses Edwin Chadwick’s construction of the working classes, and popular prejudices toward colonial subjects and political women, to inscribe the French revolutionary body with feminine hysteria, a projection of Victorian fears which serves to reaffirm the patriarchal hegemony of the British middle class.  Victor Hugo’s configuration of the immaterial body of revolutionary leader Enjolras in Les Misérables reveals an ambiguous position toward discourses on the working class and conflicting narratives of bourgeois progress and social justice.  In Emile Zola’s Nana, the demonized courtesan embodies the degenerating Second Empire, and the discourse of working class infection hints at the erasure of the Paris Commune.  Lastly, the construction of the vampire that invades London in Bram Stoker’s Dracula consists of an over-determined conglomeration of medical and pseudo-scientific discourses that constructed veritable monsters.
Fold change detection in 3-node enzymatic networks
Creators: name: Škatarić, Maja
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Complex networks are studied across many fields of science. To discover design principles that underlie these networks, network motifs are introduced, as sub-graphs of interconnections occurring in complex networks much more often than expected at random. A distinct set of network motifs were identified in many types of biological networks, such as gene transcriptional networks, neuronal networks, and enzymatic networks, but only small fraction of them have been well described. By connecting recurrent motifs with a particular cellular function, it is hoped that one can understand the dynamics of the entire network based on the dynamics of its core motifs.     Two biologically important functions were introduced and motivated through examples from biology, namely, exact adaptation, which represents a system's ability to respond to a change in the input signal and return to its pre-stimulated state even when the change in input persists, and Fold Change Detection, which is a special property of adapting systems, where the output is invariant under the scaling of inputs.      In this thesis, the study of network motifs was used as a motivation to further explore the dynamics of all 3-node enzymatic networks capable of achieving Fold Change Detection property. A search through 16,038 topologies sampled with 10,000 parameters each, led to the conclusion that despite the diversity of enzymatic circuits, only small number of them is capable of achieving the FCD property, and the mechanism for achieving it can be understood through a theoretical and computational analysis.
Improving the performance, availability, and security ofdata access for opportunistic mobile computing
Creators: name: Smaldone, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: An opportunistic model of mobile computing is presently emerging in which users can fully benefit from their personal computing environment wherever they are without having to carry "heavy-weight" mobile systems with them. The transition to this model can be seen as part of the pervasive computing vision, being catalyzed by the near ubiquity of powerful smart phones, the increasing availability of local PC hardware, and recent trends in virtualization and cloud computing. The fate of the opportunistic mobile computing model will be essentially decided by the performance, availability, and security of data access relative to alternative solutions. Mobile users require safe and efficient access to their data from whatever PC or device they are currently using, wherever they may be. These requirements expose several new challenges to the performance, availability, and security of user data access under opportunistic mobile computing conditions.    In this dissertation, we identify challenges to user data access within the opportunistic mobile computing model, present novel approaches to address them, and demonstrate the effectiveness of these approaches through extensive experimentation. To improve the performance of data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the concept of safe borrowing of local storage, which we prototyped as the TransPart system. To improve the availability of data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the concept of a self-cleaning portable cache, which we prototyped as the Horatio system. To improve the security of remote data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the Working Set-Based Access Control (WSBAC) scheme, which applies the concept of the working set to distributed file system access control.    The main conclusion of our research is that opportunistic mobile computing can be realized in a safe and efficient manner for mobile users. Given the ad-hoc nature of opportunistic mobile computing, it is likely that the challenges identified in this dissertation will continue to exist into the foreseeable future. Fortunately, as our research shows, they can be addressed using nascent technologies and applying our concepts without violating the basic tenet of opportunistic mobile computing, namely to minimize the burden of what hardware users must carry.
The colonization of time
Creators: name: Shippen, Nichole Marie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation reconsiders discretionary time as an objective measure of freedom through the concept of temporal autonomy, or the ability to control one’s time. The ability to control one’s time relates to the organization of the economy, state, and household with regards to the allocation of necessity. Capitalism dominates necessity through the manipulation of “necessary” labor-time that must be sold in order to survive in a market society, which I argue facilitates capitalism’s colonization of time for the purpose of generating profit and ensuring economic growth, rather than addressing human need or scarcity. If time is the ultimate scarce resource, then the distribution of time is a matter of justice. For this reason, I argue the fight for time as a political response to capitalism’s colonization of time remains an indispensible project that needs to be rethought in light of new historical conditions. Whereby the original fight for time fought to control and limit the time spent in production, I argue today’s fight for time must also address capitalism’s colonization beyond production through the commodification of time in general.
Rhizoprionodon Whitley 1929
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhinidae
Rhizoprionodon

description: Genus Rhizoprionodon Whitley, 1929
Type species
Carcharias crenidens Klunzinger, 1880, Recent.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 78, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Energy based spectrum sensing for enabling dynamic  spectrum access in cognitive radios
Creators: name: Sequeira, Samson
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Spectrum scarcity is increasingly becoming an obstacle for the implementation of new wireless technologies. On the contrary, recent studies have discovered considerable under-utilization of the allocated spectrum by the licensed users. This suggests that the solution to the problem is a transition from static spectrum allocation policies to dynamic spectrum access methodologies. This can be accomplished through the use of Cognitive Radio technology. Cognitive Radio is considered as an intelligent radio which is capable of altering its transmission or reception parameters in accordance to the radio environment and the network state to use the available spectrum optimally. Significant research efforts have furthered Cognitive Radios since the idea was first conceived by Joseph Mitola in 1998.    Cognitive Radio technology allows for the licensed spectrum of the primary users to be used on an opportunistic basis by unlicensed secondary users. A vital requirement of such an opportunistic scheme is that the licensed primary users be protected from detrimental interference from the secondary users while at the same time optimizing the performance for the secondary users. Thus the reliable detection of primary users offers better secondary system throughput via increased spectral efficiency in addition to safeguarding the primary system.    Spectrum sensing is a technique used to detect the presence of primary users in the licensed spectrum. It is the estimation of the instantaneous occupancy of the frequency spectrum and is a key enabling factor for Cognitive Radios. Various techniques exist for performing spectrum sensing. In addition to primary user detection, spectrum sensing can also be employed for secondary detection and co-existence, interference analysis in multi-radio environments etc.    In this thesis we study adaptive spectrum sensing based on energy detection with a purpose of demonstrating Dynamic Spectrum Access. The major focus has been to evaluate algorithms that can allow for estimation of noise in the presence of the signal which is essential for energy detection based schemes. We also present the system level implementation and evaluation of a Dynamic Spectrum Access setup developed using the USRP2/GNU Radio platform on the ORBIT Wireless Testbed at WINLAB as part of the WINLAB-NEC Collaborative Cognitive Radio Project.
Capitellidae Grube 1862
Creators: name: Silva, Camila Fernanda Da
name: Amaral, Antonia Cecilia Zacagnini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Capitellidae

description: Key to species of Capitellidae examined in this study
1. Thorax with 11 chaetigers.............................................................................. 2
2a. Abdominal chaetigers with hooded hooks only.............................................................. 3
2b. Abdominal chaetigers with capillaries in a variable arrangement................................................ 4
3. (2a) Eyespots absent; proboscis with very coarse papillae; chaetigers 1–3 with only capillaries, remaining thoracic chaetigers with modified spatulate chaetae (Fig. 1A); peristomium and chaetigers 1–2 slightly tessellated laterally, with shallow lateral groove; branchiae absent............................................... Peresiella megapapilata sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 4A–H)
4a. (2b) Thorax with capillaries except on neuropodia of chaetiger 11, with hooded hooks; chaetigers 2–7 with a deep lateral groove; all chaetigers biannulate, with shallow intersegmental division; chaetigers 9–11 with mid-lateral lobes; notopodia of first nine abdominal chaetigers with mixed hooded hooks and capillaries; retractile dorsal branchiae, digitiform (up to seven filaments), anterior to notopodial lobe..................................................... Mastobranchus loii (Fig. 2A–F)
4b. (2b) Prostomium triangular, small; thorax with capillaries only; chaetigers 1–4 wide and inflated, with a shallow lateral groove; chaetigers 5–11 square-like, strongly biannulated, with deep intra- and intersegmental grooves; genital pores between chaetigers 7/8, 8/9, 9/10, 10/11, and 11/12; abdominal chaetigers with hooded hooks on neuropodia and mixed hooded hooks and capillaries on notopodia; dorsal, bifurcated branchiae, posterior to notopodial lobe..................................................................................................... Mastobranchus braziliensis sp. nov. (Figs 1C, 3A–J)
4c. (2b) Prostomium conical; chaetiger 1 uniramous; thorax with capillaries except on neuropodia of chaetiger 11, with hooded hooks; peristomium and chaetigers 1–3 strongly tessellated; deep lateral groove on peristomium and chaetigers 1–4; genital pores between chaetigers 7/8, 8/9, 9/10, 10/11, 11/12, and 12/13; abdomen with capillaries on notopodia up to chaetiger 24 and hooded hooks on all neuropodia; branchiae and pygidium unknown....... Polymastigos profundus sp. nov. (Figs 1D, 5A–I)
description: Published as part of Silva, Camila Fernanda Da & Amaral, Antonia Cecilia Zacagnini, 2022, Capitellidae (Annelida) from the Brazilian Continental Margin (SW Atlantic): new occurrences of three genera and description of new species, pp. 89-110 in Zootaxa 5104 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6258005
Personality, subjective well-being, and vocal communication in captive male western lowland gorillas
Creators: name: Schaefer, Sarah Ann
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Although there have been studies on the meaning or function of gorilla vocalizations, they have focused on correlations between calls and basic activity states.  If gorilla vocalizations, like human speech, provide information that is both semantic and emotional, then we can expect to get a richer understanding of the meaning or function of gorilla vocalizations by looking at the novel association between an individual’s personality and its vocal profile (i.e. the types of calls predominantly given).  Personality drives and channels behavior and is therefore a higher level of analysis than basic activity states. Four hypotheses are tested in this dissertation: 1) Personality predicts behavior in captive gorillas; 2) Personality predicts vocal behavior (i.e. the vocal profile) in captive gorillas; 3) Personality predicts subjective well-being in captive gorillas; 4) Subjective well being predicts vocal behavior (i.e. the vocal profile) in captive gorillas.  To test these hypotheses, I used behavioral observation and personality and subjective well-being questionnaires on eight male gorillas (five silverbacks; three blackbacks) at the Sedgwick County Zoo in Wichita, Kansas.  The personality questionnaires used a modified top-down approach, i.e. a modified five-factor model used in human personality studies. A principle components analysis of the mean personality ratings revealed three components: dominance; extraversion/agreeableness; conscientiousness. This is the first study to document a conscientiousness factor in gorillas which was previously thought to exist only in chimpanzees and humans.  There were 16 significant correlations between personality and behavior with an average r value of 0.76.  Subjective well-being did not predict behavior with the exception of contact aggression (r=0.71). Extraversion/Agreeableness was significantly positively correlated with subjective well-being and dominance was significantly positively correlated with ability to achieve goals.  Neither personality nor subjective well-being predicted vocal rate.  Contrary to previous reports, the gorillas in this study did not vocalize at a significantly different rate from wild mountain gorillas. This is the first study to document individual vocal profiles of gorillas, which have implications for captive management.  Implications of the “singing” and rhythmic multiple grunt vocalizations for the origins of music and language are discussed.
title: CHEATING CHEATGRASS
title: UNDERSTANDING THE GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC VARIATION UNDERLYING ADAPTIVE TRAITS IN DOWNY BROME
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Revolinski, Samuel Robert
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bromus tectorum
subject: cheat grass
subject: downy brome
subject: sequencing
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Botany
subject: Genomics

description: Bromus tectorum L., known as cheatgrass or downy brome, is arguably the most damaging invasive species in North America. Bromus tectorum reduces crop yields, increases the frequency of wildfires, and displaces indigenous species in North America, especially the intermountain west. The broad scale of damage to ecosystems and reductions in crop yields caused by B. tectorum necessitate action to mitigate ecosystem destruction and food shortages, and thus the on society. As a near obligate self-fertilizing species, B. tectorum has a life cycle uniquely adapted to the intermountain western United States. To adapt to natural ecosystems and cropping systems B. tectorum relies on variation in phenology traits and herbicide resistance. However, the source, maintenance, and impact, of the variation in phenology and herbicide resistance remains uncharacterized in B. tectorum. Using B. tectorum from the germplasm resource information network, the inland Pacific Northwest and Montana, we observed repeatable variation in phenology across the global accessions, between regions in North America and between genotypes sampled within the same location. A genome wide association study identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling height and phenology traits, revealing punitive candidate genes underlying the variation in phenology traits. However, a genome wide scan for genomic indicators of selection revealed multiple putative candidate genes from the ATP-binding cassette transporter, cytochrome P450, glutathione s-transferase, and glycosyltransferase gene families implicated in non-target site resistance, but only one gene implicated with phenology. Identifying non-target site resistance genes under selection and not phenology genes, implies that herbicide resistance is a greater driver of selection for B. tectorum, in the invasive range. Using stochastic forward genetic simulations we identified migration and selection as key factors to maintain the genetic and phenotypic variation present in B. tectorum. Individual-based simulations revealed that marginal environments, where annual plants have a low fecundity, outcrossing does not confer an advantage to adaptation. Developing novel management strategies for B. tectorum by should be based on both the genetic and phenotypic variation present in B. tectorum and the theoretical basis for maintenance of the variation observed.
Read counts at multiple attenuation levels as an object localization technique using passive RFID tags
Creators: name: Sarda, Ankit
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Radio Frequency Technologies (RFID) are experiencing rapid development and business, retail, manufacturing and healthcare are the major application areas benefiting from it. We describe and analyze an algorithm which helps in tracking of medical equipment and personnel and patients in a Trauma Bay. We adapt the Read Count algorithm to be used at multiple attenuation levels as a localization technique. The input parameter to the algorithm is the read count value which gives a measure of number of times the back-scattered radio frequencies from passive tags has been received by the antenna. Special attention has to be given to the placement of antennas to get the optimum result. The detection of multiple tags and human occlusion are two major concerns which we have tried to solve by suing multiple horizontal antennas along with 1 vertical antenna. We have discussed the results and analysis of such a configuration and accordingly given a conclusion. The problems associated with the configuration have also been discussed which can form part of future work.
Powerline communications systems
Creators: name: Sagar, Nishant
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The electric power distribution grid is a medium over which fast and reliable communication services can be provided. Power Line Communications (PLC) systems provide an alternative to wireless communications in the transmission of data within buildings and vehicles. In recent years, increased interest in PLC systems for both commercial and residence applications has resulted in the development of standards for use of the electric power grid as a communications channel conveying messages in addition to power. The types of applications range from simple inexpensive services centered around networked household appliances, where data rates are on the order of kilobits per second, to Internet access via the electrical outlet wall socket, where data rates are on the order of megabits per second. Currently, PLC systems can accommodate high-  iii  speed networking that includes broadband Internet access, voice over-IP, and the interconnectivity of home entertainment devices.  The development of a Power Line Communications system presents a significant challenge for the communications engineer due to the unusual channel characteristics that affect high-speed signal transmission. The electric power grid is designed for, and operated at, 50/60 Hz throughout the world. Furthermore, the topology of a local electric power grid network is often very irregular resulting in significant dispersion of the transmitted message signals.  This thesis presents an overview of the major features and characteristics of PLC systems, the fundamental properties of powerline channels, and an analysis of PLC system performance in the presence of realistic powerline channel conditions.  The development of a powerline communication system requires detailed knowledge of the electric power grid channel properties, such as the frequency transfer function and the interference processes, in order to choose a suitable transmission method. The noise interference and channel multipath effects are the main impairments to the performance of PLC systems. This thesis presents appropriate channel models for use in the design of PLC systems. In particular, the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of a single-carrier Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) system operating over a multipath channel is analyzed and compared with the performance obtained with a multi-carrier data transmission scheme.
Scoliodon Muller & Henle 1838
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhinidae
Scoliodon

description: Genus Scoliodon Müller & Henle, 1838
Type species
Carcharias (Scoliodon) laticaudus Müller & Henle, 1838, Recent, India.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 80, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Anticipatory smooth eye movements in response to global motion
Creators: name: Santos, Elio M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements in the direction of expected target motion can be elicited by symbolic visual or auditory cues (Kowler, 1989). Stimuli in classical studies, small targets moving against dark or structured backgrounds, convey the perceptual impression of an object moving across space. Are such interpretations necessary for anticipatory pursuit? Random dot kinematograms (RDK's) can be pursued, and they generate global motion signals, rather than the percept of discrete moving objects. The present study used RDKs with brief lifetimes (52, 104, or 208 ms) to avoid the tracking of a single or subset of dots and to study the effects lifetime may have on pursuit velocities. The direction of motion was cued by either: (1) the spatial offset of the initial stationary fixation stimulus away from screen center, opposite to the direction of upcoming target motion; or (2) a tone whose frequency indicated whether dots moving downward would change direction to either down-right or down-left. Uncued motion directions, and unlimited lifetime dots, were also tested. Anticipatory smooth eye movements in response to cued global motion were seen about 100 ms before the onset of  critical target motion. These results indicate that anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements can be elicited with global motion, and limited lifetime elements, and do not require representations of an object moving across space. Neither anticipatory nor initial portions of pursuit depended on dot lifetime. When pursuit was initiated after fixation of a stationary pattern (Experiment 1), the effects of dot lifetime were seen by about 140 ms in the unpredictable condition and about 200 ms in the predictable condition. When there was a change in motion direction while pursuit was already underway, the effects of dot lifetime were noticeable earlier, by about 100 ms after the change in direction (Experiment 2). By contrast, eye velocity in later stages of pursuit varied with lifetime. These results show that it is possible to initiate anticipatory smooth eye movements in response to global motion, even without the representation of an object moving across space. The relatively long latency until effects of lifetime appeared suggest that the neural signals that control the anticipatory portions of pursuit may not be sensitive to the parameters of immediate target motion (Heinen, 1995).
Cultural definitions of emotional problems
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Frederick O.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The research described in this dissertation explores the impact of cultural definitions of mental health/illness on care-seeking behavior among members of a Latino community living in the United States.  Secondary data analysis utilizes survey data from prior research focusing on mental health service needs among Latino community members.  The current research is conceptually situated at the juncture of several topics of current interest within sociology.  The social construction of mental illness and cultural influences on that construction has gained importance as current topics within the broader sociological rubric of culture and cognition.  The research also addresses challenges confronting mental health service providers created by a rapidly growing and increasingly diverse American population requiring appropriate cross-cultural approaches to meet their mental health service needs.  Qualitative data presented in this dissertation illuminate several key concerns regarding the Latino community and community members’ recognition of, and reaction to, symptoms of mental disorder.  These results underscore how Latino community members conceptualize emotional/mental problems in ways that differ from members of the majority Non-Latino White population living in the U.S.  Quantitative analyses of the impact of demographic variables on Latino community members’ reports of alternative beliefs about the causes of emotional/mental problems show that three of the variables (age, education, and time living in U.S.) are significant predictors of subjects’ alternative explanations for the cause of emotional/mental problems.  Analyses of the impact of Latino community members’ causal definition of emotional/mental problems also show significant relationships between the definition and Latino community members’ perceptions and behaviors related to mental disorder.  I discuss the ‘Latino Paradox’ and propose an alternative explanation based on community members’ shared cultural constructs regarding mental health and illness for the apparently lower rate of mental disorder among recently arrived Latino immigrants.  I offer recommendations suggested by my research findings that relate to mental health services for Latino community members, and for additional research topics.
title: Art direction and visual identity in Pernambuco recent film production: the Aridomovie generation
Creators: name: de Macedo, Silvia Cristina Cordeiro
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: The central aim of this thesis is to examine how the art direction work in recent Pernambucan 
films presents the Brazilian Northeastern identity. The thesis examines how selected 
filmmakers and art directors identify the complexities of the region, portraying the 
relationships between the interior of the state of Pernambuco and its capital, Recife. The 
thesis reflects on how Pernambuco’s cinema traverses two important axes: the sertão and the 
seaside. Therefore, I investigate the perspective that Pernambuco filmmakers inaugurate in 
their productions: they have cast an original look at the region and brought to the screen new 
images, sounds, lights and colours that highlight its historical and cultural background as well 
as its dialogue with new technologies and cinemas from around the world. From this 
approach, a new Northeastern identity emerged. In particular, the Aridomovie movement 
from the mid-1990s onwards was responsible for returning Pernambuco to the Brazilian 
cinema map, by means of a unique visual representation of the State of Pernambuco and its 
capital Recife. In order to substantiate this claim, I examine the local and national context in
which this new generation of filmmakers emerged in the mid-1990s and how they negotiated 
Pernambuco’s cultural identity between tradition and modernity, local and global, past and 
present.
Five key films were selected for analysis, which allow me to focus on the work of 
four art directors:
• Adão Pinheiro in Baile Perfumado (Perfumed Ball), 1996, directed by Lírio Ferreira 
and Paulo Caldas
• Renata Pinheiro in Árido Movie (Arid Movie), 2005, directed by Lírio Ferreira, and 
Amarelo Manga (Mango Yellow), 2003, directed by Cláudio Assis
• Marcos Pedroso in Cinema, Aspirina e Urubus (Cinema, Aspirina e Urubus), 2005, , 
Marcelo Gomes
• Dani Vilela in Amor, Plástico e Barulho (Love, Plastic and Noise), 2015, directed by 
Renata Pinheiro
The methodology involved close film analysis, interviews with film directors, art directors 
and researchers from Pernambuco, as well as other written and oral sources. The research 
also benefited from my experience as producer and art director in the Pernambuco film 
industry. This thesis hopefully demonstrates the decisive role of the art director in creating 
the structure for the construction of cinematic imagery and visual identity.
Design and synthesis of G-quadruplex selective macrocyclic polyoxazoles
Creators: name: Rzuczek, Suzanne G.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Nucleic acid sequences that can form stable G-quadruplex structures have been implicated in numerous biological functions.  G-quadruplexes are thought to play a vital role in telomere maintenance and regulating gene expression.  The majority of cancer cells over-express telomerase, an enzyme that bypasses the aging process by adding telomeric repeats to chromosome ends.  Also about 65% of oncogenes have a potential G-quadruplex forming sequence in their promoter region.  It is believed that stabilized G-quadruplexes can indirectly inhibit telomerase and decrease oncogene expression resulting in cancer cell death.  These observations have led to the development of small molecules that stabilize G-quadruplexes as a new class of anticancer agents.  Several research groups have developed such molecules but most lack selectivity over other forms of DNA.  A unique molecule among these is telomestatin, a macrocyclic natural product with 70-fold selectivity for G-quadruplex DNA over duplex and low micromolar cytotoxicity.  Although telomestatin has exceptional activity, it is difficult to synthesize and hard to formulate because it lacks water-solubilizing groups.  Initial studies utilized telomestatin as a lead structure to develop a novel class of macrocyclic hexaoxazoles with the most active compound being HXDV.  It was shown to stabilize G-quadruplex DNA with no detectable interaction with duplex DNA and had comparable cytotoxic activity to telomestatin.  Unfortunately, HXDV had limited aqueous solubility and required a lengthy synthesis.    Efforts to modify the structure of HXDV to enhance water solubility and simplify the synthetic process are described in this dissertation.  While this was generally successful, a shorter synthesis was needed to rapidly assess structure-activity relationships. This led to the development of a second class of compounds called macrocyclic pyridyl polyoxazoles (PyPX).  These compounds utilize a molecular scaffold that is readily accessed in few synthetic steps to form numerous macrocyclic analogs.  This enables quick assessment of structure-activity relationships.  Several members of this class are excellent G-quadruplex stabilizers and do not interact with duplex DNA.  These compounds also possess low nanomolar cytotoxicity and one was active in an in vivo bioassay.  Structure-activity studies utilizing the PyPX scaffold continue in an effort to identify clinical candidates.
Baseline and longitudinal changes of benign prostate specific antigen and [-2]proprostate specific antigen in community dwelling black and white men
Creators: name: Rhodes, Thomas
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is used extensively in the detection of prostate cancer (CaP) but it is not specific to malignant tissue. Subforms of PSA have been identified which are more specific to benign and malignant tissue. Benign prostate specific antigen (BPSA) is associated with pathologic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), while [-2]proPSA is associated with CaP.  Little is known about these biomarkers in community-based men.      The objectives were to: (1) describe the distribution of BPSA and [-2]proPSA in a community-based sample of men and examine their association with baseline urologic measures and outcomes, (2) describe the distribution of longitudinal changes in BPSA and [-2]proPSA and how these changes vary by urologic conditions.     Data from two cohorts established to characterize the natural history of prostate disease in white and black men of Olmsted County, MN (OC) and Genesee County, MI, respectively.      The distribution of BPSA levels was similar in blacks (median (25th, 75th percentiles) =32.9 (17.3, 68.0) pg/mL) and whites (median=32.2 (16.6, 68.9) pg/mL). For OC men in the upper quartile of BPSA, there was a 15-fold increased risk of CaP (hazard ratio (HR): 14.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.1, 68.6) and a 2-fold higher age-adjusted risk of treatment for BPH (HR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.2).   Baseline [-2]proPSA level was slightly higher among blacks (median (25th, 75th percentiles; Q1 Q3) =6.3 (4.1, 8.9) pg/mL) than among whites (median=5.6 (3.9, 7.7) pg/mL). Relative to men in the lower quartile of [-2]proPSA, men in the upper quartile had an 8-fold increase in the age- and PSA-adjusted risk of CaP (hazard ratio (HR): 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.2, 27.8).     Median (Q1,Q3) annual percent change for [-2]proPSA and BPSA were 3.7% (2.5%, 5.2%) and 7.3%(6.8%, 7.7%), respectively. Annual percent change in [-2]proPSA increased with age. The median (Q1, Q3) rate of increase in [-2]proPSA was greater for men who developed enlarged prostates (3.5% (2.6%, 4.4%)) or CaP (8.1% (6.6%, 9.8%)) compared to those who did not develop enlarged prostates (1.9% (0.9%, 3.0%)) or CaP (3.5% (2.3%, 4.8%)).     These data provide useful reference ranges for future studies of these biomarkers.  Further study is needed.
Eye movements while viewing narrated videos
Creators: name: Ross, Nicholas
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: We often encounter dynamic stimuli accompanied by some sort of narrative in our daily lives. Little is known about the basic characteristics of eye movements while viewing dynamic stimuli and nothing is known about the basic characteristics of eye movements while viewing dynamic stimuli accompanied by a narrative. In Experiment 1 eye movements were recorded while subjects viewed 2 minute video clips with: audio narration, captioned narration, no narration, and both captions and audio. Results show that subjects spent half their time reading the caption when it was the only form of narration present and up to 40% of their time reading the caption even in the presence of redundant audio narration, which consisted of a narrator reading the caption verbatim. Subjects explored the display to a much wider extent in the absence of any narration relative to when narration was provided. There was no effect of viewing condition on global characteristics of eye movements such as sizes and pause durations. In experiment 2 eye movements were recorded while subjects viewed 15s video clips with concurrent audio narration, audio narration played immediately preceding the clip, and no narration. Results replicated two major findings from Experiment 1, namely: the tendency to explore a larger portion of the display in the absence of narration, and no effect of narration on saccade sizes or pause durations. The reading of the captions in the presence of redundant audio shows that subjects’ looking patterns were motivated by a desire to acquire information in the simplest way that would aid in interpreting the video. Both experiments show profound influences of the narration on the spatial distribution of landing positions, contributing to the growing body of literature asserting that there are powerful top-down influences on where people decide to look.
Abdounia Cappetta 1980
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhinidae
Abdounia

description: Genus Abdounia Cappetta, 1980a
Type species
Eugaleus beaugei Arambourg, 1935, early Eocene, Belgium.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 82, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Assessment of physical, chemical, and hydrologic factors affecting the infiltration of treated wastewater in the New Jersey Coastal Plain, with emphasis on the Hammonton Land Application Facility
Creators: name: Reilly, Timothy J.
name: Romanok, Kristin M.
name: Tessler, Steven
name: Fischer, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This report describes the results of a study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Pinelands Commission and the Town of Hammonton, New Jersey, to identify reasons for reduced infiltration in the infiltration trenches at the Hammonton LAF and to assess the potential for similar conditions to exist elsewhere in the New Jersey Coastal Plain (particularly within the PNR).
FFY2011 final priority system, intended use plan, project priority list and response document
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This document has several purposes regarding the use of anticipated federal funds, including: (1) the establishment of the ranking criteria under which DWSRF projects will be ranked and placed on the FFY2011 Priority List; (2) the summary of program requirements and document submittal deadlines for awards of DWSRF loans in State Fiscal Year 2011 and 2012 using FFY2010 and FFY2011 federal capitalization grant funds and any remaining funds from previous federal capitalization grant funds, repayments, transfers from CWSRF repayments, state match and interest earnings; and (3) the establishment of the proposed uses of the set-asides using FFY2011 federal capitalization grant funds.