cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: COST : A generic tool for raising and estimating the properties of statistical estimates infisheries data
Creators: name: Vigneau, Joël
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Common Open Source Tool (COST), is a set of packages developed in R, designed to provide a comprehensive set of methods for raising and estimating properties of statistical estimates used as input in stock assessment models. This project is financed as part of the European Commission Data Collection Framework (DCF,) which has provisions for estimating fisheries data parameters and their related precision for each of the variables collected throughout a sampling programme. The tool is designed to provide users with appropriate methods for estimating discards volume, length and age structure of catches and landings, and biological parameters such as growth, maturity and sex-ratio. In order to ensure that one method is available in any sampling situation, three approaches are proposed : an analytical, a resampling and a Bayesian modelling. The benefits of the project are threefold: (i) it gathers fisheries statisticians from 9 countries for designing a tool to be used by all European Member States, (ii) it compiles a long history of European projects and workshops tackling the same issues, and (iii) it ensures the accuracy of the proposed methods through an innovative simulation approach. Besides the simulation process, a number of new approaches have been designed specifically for COST in order to render a generic and robust tool, such as common data exchange format specifications and predefined data status upgrading path. Link with end-users is guaranteed through the exportation methods to ICES database (InterCatch) and to the R environment usually used by stock assessment working groups (FLR)
Empirical evidence for stability of the 405-kiloyear Jupiter-Venus eccentricity cycle over hundreds of millions of years
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Olsen, Paul E.
name: Rasmussen, Cornelia
name: Lepre, Christopher J.
name: Mundil, Roland
name: Irmis, Randall
name: Gehrels, George
name: Giesler, Dominique
name: Geissman, John
name: Parker, William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Geological time
Paleomagnetism
Milankovitch cycles
Triassic Geologic Period

description: The Newark–Hartford astrochronostratigraphic polarity timescale (APTS) was developed using a theoretically constant 405-kiloyear eccentricity cycle linked to gravitational interactions with Jupiter–Venus as a tuning target and provides a major timing calibration for about 30 million years of Late Triassic and earliest Jurassic time. While the 405-ky cycle is both unimodal and the most metronomic of the major orbital cycles thought to pace Earth’s climate in numerical solutions, there has been little empirical confirmation of that behavior, especially back before the limits of orbital solutions at about 50 million years before present. Moreover, the APTS is anchored only at its younger end by U–Pb zircon dates at 201.6 million years before present and could even be missing a number of 405-ky cycles. To test the validity of the dangling APTS and orbital periodicities, we recovered a diagnostic magnetic polarity sequence in the volcaniclastic-bearing Chinle Formation in a scientific drill core from Petrified Forest National Park (Arizona) that provides an unambiguous correlation to the APTS. New high precision U–Pb detrital zircon dates from the core are indistinguishable from ages predicted by the APTS back to 215 million years before present. The agreement shows that the APTS is continuous and supports a stable 405-kiloyear cycle well beyond theoretical solutions. The validated Newark–Hartford APTS can be used as a robust framework to help differentiate provinciality from global temporal patterns in the ecological rise of early dinosaurs in the Late Triassic, amongst other problems.
Quark-lepton complementarity revisited
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinyi
name: Zheng, Ya-juan
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reexamine the quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) in nine angle-phase parametrizations with the latest result of a large lepton mixing angle $\vartheta_{13}$ from the T2K, MINOS and Double Chooz experiments. We find that there are still two QLC relations satisfied in P1, P4 and P6 parametrizations, whereas only one QLC relation holds in P2, P3, P5 and P9 parametrizations separately. We also work out the corresponding reparametrization-invariant forms of the QLC relations and check the resulting expressions with the experimental data. The results can be viewed as a check of the validity of the QLC relations, as well as a new perspective into the issue of seeking for the connection between quarks and leptons.
description: 5 Latex pages, 2 tables. Final version for publication in PRD
Natural Language Processing in Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Althoff, Tim
name: Zech, James M.
name: Hull, Thomas Derrick
name: Malgaroli, Matteo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: review
subject: natural language processing
subject: NLP
subject: mental health

description: Systematic Review of NLP applications for mental health. Based on PRISMA guidelines
Blueprint of Zimmerlein Store, February 7, 1940
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the plans for "Zimmerlein Store" in a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan is assumed to have been completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York due to the mention of this store in other signed blueprints.
Study 2: Motivation to increase behavioral frequency for new behavior
Creators: name: McMillan, Gail
name: Tabri, Nassim
name: Milyavskaya, Marina
name: Burns, Rachel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: self-determination theory
subject: change in motivation over time

description: The attached file provides a pre-registration of the analysis plan for data collected as part of a larger longitudinal study on behaviour change and habits soon after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed analyses will examine differences in trajectories of motivation over time.
A survey of Government performance and perceptions in Southeastern MichiganUntitled
Creators: name: Mcilwain, Aliyah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This study aims to leverage the socio-political context in Southeastern Michigan to understand the relationships between race, economics, class, and political expectations.
The Impact of GILTI and FDII on the Investment Location Choice of U.S. Multinationals
Creators: name: Singh, Kartikeya
name: Mathur, Aparna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International business enterprises--Taxation
subject: Fiscal policy
subject: Industrial location
subject: Capital

description: This article analyzes the impact of two new international tax provisions, GILTI and FDII, passed under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, on U.S. multinational corporations’ location of new capital. We analyze whether these rules help retain internationally mobile rents within the U.S. tax base and the associated economic activity within the United States. Our analysis suggests that for a wide range of investment profiles (characterized in terms of scale and expected above-normal returns) for intangible capital, a U.S. MNC can do better by locating a new investment in the United States.
From flows of Lambda Fleming-Viot processes to lookdown processes via flows of partitions
Creators: name: Labbé, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 60G09, 92D25

description: The goal of this paper is to unify the lookdown representation and the stochastic flow of bridges, which are two approaches to construct the $Λ$-Fleming-Viot process along with its genealogy. First we introduce the stochastic flow of partitions and show that it provides a new formulation of the lookdown representation. Second we study the asymptotic behaviour of the $Λ$-Fleming-Viot process and we provide sufficient conditions for the existence of an infinite sequence of Eves that generalise the primitive Eve of Bertoin and Le Gall. Finally under the condition that this infinite sequence of Eves does exist, we construct the lookdown representation pathwise from a flow of bridges.
description: 49 pages, 1 figure. v4: proof of the measurability of the Eves added, additional details at several places
Photonic device design flow : from mask layout to device measurement
Creators: name: Lin, Charlie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Mask layout design is an important part in silicon photonic device design flow; the space used and the quality of the mask directly affect the cost of fabrication and quality of the outcome. To effectively minimize time spent on drawing masks, fixing design violations, and reducing unused spacings between each structure, we use effective approaches in the mask design process to ensure the listed criteria are met. Using the PCell and the hierarchy drawing methods, GDS files that contain different device parameters can be generated efficiently. As a result, direct GDS modeling efficiency is improved. An experimental setup that is capable of obtaining high quality measurement data is critical to device measurement. The concept of an automated measurement station can effectively reduce work needed from the experimenter while providing quality results. With the implemented fiber-to-fiber and fiber array automated measurement station, multi-device measurement can be set up to run automatically in minutes whereas traditional manual measurement stations require one's presence and constant attention. In this thesis, we have illustrated several mask drawing approaches and showed the drawing steps of two masks in detail. We have described two automated experimental setups, fiber-to-fiber and fiber array, in detail and included various measurement results to show the capabilities of these two stations.
Charge pumping by magnetization dynamics in magnetic and semi-magnetic tunnel junctions with interfacial Rashba or bulk extrinsic spin-orbit couplings
Creators: name: Mahfouzi, Farzad
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
name: Nikolic, Branislav K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a time-dependent nonequilibrium Green function (NEGF) approach to the problem of spin pumping by precessing magnetization in one of the ferromagnetic layers within F/I/F magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) or F/I/N semi-MTJs in the presence of intrinsic Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) at the F/I interface or the extrinsic SOC in the bulk of F layers of finite thickness (F-ferromagnet; N-normal metal; I-insulating barrier). To express the time-averaged pumped charge current, or the corresponding dc voltage signal in open circuits that was measured in recent experiments on semi-MTJs [T. Moriyama et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 067602 (2008)], we construct a novel solution for the double-time-Fourier-transformed NEGFs. The two energy arguments of NEGFs in this representation are connected by the Floquet theorem describing multiphoton emission and absorption processes. Within this fully quantum-mechanical treatment of the conduction electrons, we find that: (i) only in the presence of the interfacial Rashba SOC the non-zero dc pumping voltage in F/I/N semi-MTJ can emerge at the adiabatic level (i.e., proportional to microwave frequency); (ii) a unique signature of this charge pumping phenomenon, which disappears if Rashba SOC is not located with the precessing F layer, is dc pumping voltage that changes sign as the function of the precession cone angle; (iii) unlike standard spin pumping in the absence of SOCs, where one emitted or absorbed microwave photon is sufficient to match the exact solution in the frame rotating with the magnetization, the presence of the Rashba SOC requires to take into account up to ten photons in order to reach the asymptotic value of pumped charge current; (iv) disorder within F/I/F MTJs can enhance the dc pumping voltage in the quasiballistic transport regime; ...
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, PDFLaTeX; improved Fig. 4 and references added
Breaking Down Barriers: Stewardship of Born-digital Materials at Columbia University Special Collections Repositories
Creators: name: Sokolova, Dina V.
name: Gorjevsky, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Library science
Libraries--Special collections
Digital libraries
Digital preservation

description: Presentation introduces the methodology used by Columbia University Libraries to analyze the current approach to acquiring, processing, and providing access to born-digital content in various formats and to develop recommendations for improved workflows, documentation and resources needed to operationalize born-digital stewardship for CUL’s multiple Special Collections repositories.
Chinese State Capitalism and the International Tax Regime
Creators: name: Rotblat, Cameron
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Taxation
subject: International business enterprises--Taxation
subject: Tax administration and procedure--International cooperation
subject: Law and economics

description: As signaled by its participation in the G-20/OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project, China is gaining significant influence over international tax rules. Yet, how exactly China intends to shape international tax law remains an open question, even amongst leading Chinese tax scholars. As both a major capital importer and exporter as well as a developing economy with tremendous global economic power, China does not fit neatly into the traditional dichotomies of the international tax regime. This article argues that China’s international tax policy is likely to be strongly influenced by its unique system of state capitalism. Both the history of Chinese domestic tax reforms and the Communist Party’s current mechanisms of control over the Chinese economy suggest that China’s tax policy cannot be understood separately from its system of state capitalism. This article contends that as a result, China is likely to adopt distinctive international tax policies including maintaining a worldwide system of corporate taxation, providing tacit state support for international tax planning by major Chinese multinationals, and negotiating for broad exemptions in tax treaties for state-associated entities. If not proactively addressed by OECD countries, these policies may lead to significant fractures within the international tax regime.
Interactions between planets and debris disks: the role of disk gravity
Creators: name: Sefilian, Antranik A.
name: Rafikov, Roman R.
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Planetary systems generally contain not only planets, but also belts of debris similar to the Solar System's asteroid and Kuiper belts. High-resolution observations of such exo-Kuiper belts, or debris disks, frequently reveal complex morphologies such as gaps or double-ringed structures, spirals, and warps. Most existing dynamical models for explaining such morphologies focus on the role of (invoked) massive perturbers such as planets and stellar companions, ignoring the gravitational effects of the disk itself. This assumption, however, may not always be justified, especially in view of observations that debris disks could contain tens of Earth masses in large planetesimals. Here, I will present results showing that the (self-)gravitational potential of debris disks can be important for producing some of the observed disk structures. Namely, I will demonstrate that the long-term (i.e., secular) interaction between a single planet and an external, self-gravitating debris disk can lead to the formation of a wide gap within the disk. The proposed mechanism is based on the occurrence of secular resonances within the disk, which is found to be quite robust even when the disk is less massive than the planet (contrary to what may be naively expected). I will also show that the same mechanism may lead to the launching of a long, one-armed spiral arm beyond the gap, while at the same time the planet's orbital eccentricity is damped. This circularization occurs in the absence of planet-planetesimal scattering. Applications of these results for explaining observations will be discussed at length, focusing on three systems: HD 107146, HD 92945, and HD 206893. I will also discuss the implications of these findings for inferring the dynamical masses of debris disks, as well as the orbital parameters and evolution of planets in debris disk-hosting systems.
Beszámoló a „Tudományok közötti együttműködés” 1. Nemzetközi Interdiszciplináris Konferenciáról
Creators: name: Mező, Ferenc
name: Bellon, Gréta
name: Hajdú, Péter
name: Mándy, Zsuzsa
name: Ujhelyi, Nelli
name: Schlosser, Aletta
Publisher: name: Debreceni Egyetem
Year: 2016

description: Különleges Bánásmód, vol. 2. issue 2. ISSN 2498-5368
Blueprint of Shopping Mall Parking Lot and Street View D, October 13, 1940
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the parking lot and street view "D" of a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York.
Additional file 1 of Phase 1 dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and anti-tumor activity of FCN-159 in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1-related unresectable plexiform neurofibromas
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaojie
name: Li, Wenbin
name: Zeng, Kang
name: Xu, Zhongyuan
name: Li, Changxing
name: Kang, Zhuang
name: Li, Shenglan
name: Huang, Xin
name: Han, Pu
name: Lin, Hongmei
name: Hui, Ai-Min
name: Tan, Yan
name: Diao, Lei
name: Li, Ben
name: Wang, Xingli
name: Wu, Zhuli
name: Lin, Xiaoxi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Dose-escalation principle for adults. Supplementary Table S2. Study eligibility criteria. Supplementary Table S3. Frequency of Drug-related TEAEs. Supplementary Table S4. Summary of PK parameters (single dose). Supplementary Table S5. Summary of PK parameters (multiple dose). Supplementary Table S6. Dose-proportionality analysis – multiple-dose period. Supplementary Figure S1. Magnetic resonance images of plexiform neurofibroma (colored area) in (A) Patient 1 and (B) Patient 2 before (left) and after treatment (right).
Classical open systems with nonlinear nonlocal dissipation and state-dependent diffusion: Dynamical responses and the Jarzynski equality
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied dynamical responses and the Jarzynski equality (JE) of classical open systems described by the generalized Caldeira-Leggett model with the nonlocal system-bath coupling. In the derived non-Markovian Langevin equation, the nonlinear nonlocal dissipative term and state-dependent diffusion term yielding multiplicative colored noise satisfy the fluctuation-dissipation relation. Simulation results for harmonic oscillator systems have shown the following: (a) averaged responses of the system $< x >$ to applied sinusoidal and step forces significantly depend on model parameters of magnitudes of additive and multiplicative noises and the relaxation time of colored noise, although stationary marginal probability distribution functions are independent of them, (b) a combined effect of nonlinear dissipation and multiplicative colored noise induces enhanced fluctuations $< [x-< x>]^2 >$ for an applied sinusoidal force, and (c) the JE holds for an applied ramp force independently of the model parameters with a work distribution function which is (symmetric) Gaussian and asymmetric non-Gaussian for additive and multiplicative noises, respectively. It has been shown that the non-Markovian Langevin equation in the local and over-damped limits is quite different from the widely adopted phenomenological Markovian Langevin equation subjected to multiplicative noise.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, the final version accepted in Phys. Rev. E
Pán Péterek? – avagy létezik-e a kapunyitási pánik a szakképzésből kikerülő fiataloknál?
Creators: name: Nagyné Kricsfalussy, Anna
Publisher: name: Debreceni Egyetem
Year: 2017

description: Különleges Bánásmód, vol. 3. issue 2. ISSN 2498-5368
A stratospheric pathway linking a colder Siberia to Barents-Kara Sea sea ice loss
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Wu, Yutian
name: Simpson, Isla R.
name: Smith, Karen L.
name: Zhang, Xiangdong
name: De, Bithi
name: Callaghan, Patrick
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Long-range weather forecasting
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Sea ice
Ocean-atmosphere interaction--Mathematical models

description: Previous studies have extensively investigated the impact of Arctic sea ice anomalies on the midlatitude circulation and associated surface climate in winter. However, there is an ongoing scientific debate regarding whether and how sea ice retreat results in the observed cold anomaly over the adjacent continents. We present a robust “cold Siberia” pattern in the winter following sea ice loss over the Barents-Kara seas in late autumn in an advanced atmospheric general circulation model, with a well-resolved stratosphere. Additional targeted experiments reveal that the stratospheric response to sea ice forcing is crucial in the development of cold conditions over Siberia, indicating the dominant role of the stratospheric pathway compared with the direct response within the troposphere. In particular, the downward influence of the stratospheric circulation anomaly significantly intensifies the ridge near the Ural Mountains and the trough over East Asia. The persistently intensified ridge and trough favor more frequent cold air outbreaks and colder winters over Siberia. This finding has important implications for improving seasonal climate prediction of midlatitude cold events. The results also suggest that the model performance in representing the stratosphere-troposphere coupling could be an important source of the discrepancy between recent studies.
X-ray, lensing and Sunyaev Zel'dovich triaxial analysis of Abell 1835 out to R_{200}
Creators: name: Morandi, Andrea
name: Limousin, Marceau
name: Sayers, Jack
name: Golwala, Sunil R.
name: Czakon, Nicole G.
name: Pierpaoli, Elena
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Richard, Johan
name: Ameglio, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the intrinsic shape and orientation of dark matter (DM) and intracluster (IC) gas in galaxy clusters is crucial to constraining their formation and evolution, and for enhancing the use of clusters as more precise cosmological probes. Extending our previous works, we present for the first time results from a triaxial joint analysis of the galaxy cluster Abell 1835, by means of X-ray, strong lensing (SL) and Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) data. We parametrically reconstruct the full three-dimensional structure (triaxial shape and principal axis orientation) of both the DM and the IC gas, and the level of non-thermal pressure of the IC gas. We find that the intermediate-major and minor-major axis ratios of the DM are 0.71+/-0.08 and 0.59+/-0.05, respectively, and the major axis of the DM halo is inclined with respect to the line of sight at 18.3+/-5.2 deg. We present the first observational measurement of the non-thermal pressure out to R_{200}, which has been evaluated to be a few percent of the total energy budget in the internal regions, while reaching approximately 20% in the outer volumes. We discuss the implications of our method for the viability of the CDM scenario, focusing on the concentration parameter C and the inner slope of the DM gamma in order to test the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm for structure formation: we measure gamma=1.01+/-0.06 and C=4.32+/-0.44, values which are close to the predictions of the CDM model. The combination of X-ray/SL data at high spatial resolution, capable of resolving the cluster core, with the SZ data, which are more sensitive to the cluster outer volume, allows us to characterize the level and the gradient of the gas entropy distribution and non-thermal pressure out to R_{200}, breaking the degeneracy among the physical models describing the thermal history of the ICM.
description: MNRAS in press. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1108.0769
Children's and Adults' Understanding of Punishment and the Criminal Justice System
Creators: name: Heiphetz, Larisa A.
name: Dunlea, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social cognitive theory
subject: Ethics
subject: Punishment
subject: Imprisonment
subject: Criminal justice, Administration of--Public opinion

description: Adults’ judgments regarding punishment can have important social ramifications. However, the origins of these judgments remain unclear. Using the legal system as an example domain in which people receive punishment, the current work employed two complementary approaches to examine how punishment-related concepts emerge. Study 1 tested both 6- to 8-year-olds and adults to ascertain which components of “end-state” punishment concepts emerge early in development and remain stable over time, and which components of punishment concepts change with age. Children, like adults, agreed with and spontaneously generated behavioral explanations for incarceration. However, children were more likely than adults to attribute incarceration to internal characteristics. Neither children nor adults reported that incarceration stems from societal-level factors such as poverty. Study 2 built on the results of Study 1 by probing the extent to which early punishment-related concepts in the legal domain emerge from a specific form of social experience—namely, parental incarceration. Children of incarcerated parents, like children whose parents were not incarcerated, were more likely to reference internal and behavioral factors than societal factors when discussing why people come into contact with the justice system. Taken together, these studies clarify how punishment-related concepts arise and therefore contribute to theories of moral psychology, social cognitive development, and criminal justice.
Axisymmetric and stationary structures of magnetized barotropic stars with extremely strong magnetic fields deep inside
Creators: name: Fujisawa, Kotaro
name: Yoshida, Shin'ichirou
name: Eriguchi, Yoshiharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have succeeded in obtaining magnetized star models that have extremely strong magnetic fields in the interior of the star. In our formulation, arbitrary functions of the magnetic flux function appear in the expression for the current density. By appropriately choosing the functional form for one of the arbitrary functions that corresponds to the distribution of the toroidal current density, we have obtained configurations with magnetic field distributions that are highly localized within the central part and near the magnetic axis region. The absolute values of the central magnetic fields are stronger than those of the surface region by two orders of magnitude. By applying our results to magnetars, the internal magnetic poloidal fields could be 10^17 G, although the surface magnetic fields are about 10^15 G in the case of magnetars. For white dwarfs, the internal magnetic poloidal fields could be 10^12 G, when the surface magnetic fields are 10^9-10^10 G .
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; published in MNRAS
title: Trawl survey designs for reducing uncertainty in biomass estimates for patchily distributed species
Creators: name: Spencer, Paul
name: Hanselman, Dana
name: McKelvey, Denise
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Survey biomass estimates of several Alaskan rockfish species have shown large interannual variations that are generally not consistent with their longevity. These variations can be attributed to sampling variability that reflects the “patchiness” of the spatial distribution of the population, which results in estimation error when high density patches are either over-represented or under-represented in survey trawls. In this study, we used simulations to evaluate the Trawl and Acoustic Presence/Absence Survey (TAPAS; Everson et al. 1996), a double sampling procedure in which high density patches observed in a first phase of hydroacoustic sampling are intensively sampled in a second phase of trawl sampling. By defining a threshold value for patches the two phases can be combined in a single pass through the survey area. When the relationship between the hydroacoustic data and fish density is strong, the TAPAS procedure resulted in improved efficiency relative to simple random sampling (SRS). Additionally, the efficiencies were larger when areas of high hydroacoustic values were randomly distributed over space rather than located in spatially correlated clusters because the TAPAS design samples each “patch”. Thus, sampling of the patch area in cases with smaller but more numerous patches is more intensive relative to cases with fewer but larger patches. However, the efficiency of the TAPAS design is not substantially larger than SRS when the relationship between hydroacoustic data and fish density is weak. The potential improvement in efficiency when a strong relationship exists between hydroacoustic data and rockfish density offers motivation to continue to refine analyses of hydroacoustic data and rockfish spatial patterns
A physics-based earthquake simulator replicates seismic hazard statistics across California
Creators: name: Shaw, Bruce E.
name: Milner, Kevin R.
name: Field, Edward H.
name: Richards-Dinger, Keith
name: Gilchrist, Jacquelyn J.
name: Dieterich, James H.
name: Jordan, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Earthquake prediction--Research
Earthquake hazard analysis--Computer simulation
Seismology
Earthquake simulators
Earthquakes--Simulation methods

description: Seismic hazard models are important for society, feeding into building codes and hazard mitigation efforts. These models, however, rest on many uncertain assumptions and are difficult to test observationally because of the long recurrence times of large earthquakes. Physics-based earthquake simulators offer a potentially helpful tool, but they face a vast range of fundamental scientific uncertainties. We compare a physics-based earthquake simulator against the latest seismic hazard model for California. Using only uniform parameters in the simulator, we find strikingly good agreement of the long-term shaking hazard compared with the California model. This ability to replicate statistically based seismic hazard estimates by a physics-based model cross-validates standard methods and provides a new alternative approach needing fewer inputs and assumptions for estimating hazard.
A durian for Sun Yatsen : interwar communism in British Malaya (1926-1942)
Creators: name: Belogurova, Anna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The Malayan Communist Party (MCP) is known because of its insurgency against the British government in the 1950s, the Malayan Emergency (1948-1960). This dissertation is about early history of the MCP, in the 1920s and the 1930s. It examines the unintended consequences and contingencies of the revolutionary connections between China, Southeast Asia, and the third Communist International (Comintern) in the shaping of the MCP. This dissertation is based on little-studied MCP sources deposited in the Comintern archive in Moscow. It examines the MCP as a hybrid of communist party and a Chinese association and in the context of interwar ideological globalization that had distinct indigenization and internationalisation trends. By 1930, the unintended consequence of this indigenisation and internationalisation, as shaped by Comintern participation, was the emergence of the discourse of the Malayan nation that the Communists sought to lead to liberation. The ambiguity of the meaning of the Chinese word minzu, at once nation, nationality, and ethnic group, provided the discursive foundation of this MCP nation as the Comintern promoted the establishment of “national” communist parties. This “nation,” i.e. the MCP support base, was taken away from the MCP by its radical language by 1940. The rise of the MCP was conditioned on the anti-Japanese propaganda of the Chinese Nationalist Party (the Guomindang, GMD) in Southeast Asia and Japanese war atrocities against Chinese population of Malaya. This dissertation offers fresh light on the internationalist aspects of the Chinese revolution, the role of the Comintern in the Southeast Asian nationalism, the early Chinese communist party’s relation with Chinese overseas, and the political participation of overseas Chinese (huaqiao) in their host countries. The story of the MCP is a showcase that the history of China is inseparable from the history of the Chinese communities overseas -- and that of the world.
Categorification of Hopf algebras of rooted trees
Creators: name: Kock, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C05, 16T05, 18A99

description: We exhibit a monoidal structure on the category of finite sets indexed by P-trees for a finitary polynomial endofunctor P. This structure categorifies the monoid scheme (over Spec N) whose semiring of functions is (a P-version of) the Connes--Kreimer bialgebra H of rooted trees (a Hopf algebra after base change to Z and collapsing H_0). The monoidal structure is itself given by a polynomial functor, represented by three easily described set maps; we show that these maps are the same as those occurring in the polynomial representation of the free monad on P.
description: 29 pages. Does not compile with pdflatex due to dependency on the texdraw package. v2: expository improvements, following suggestions from the referees; final version to appear in Centr. Eur. J. Math
Supplementary material for "Temporal clustering of social interactions trades-off disease spreading and knowledge diffusion"
Creators: name: Cencetti, Giulia
name: Lucchini, Lorenzo
name: Santin, Gabriele
name: Battiston, Federico
name: Moro, Esteban
name: Pentland, Alex
name: Lepri, Bruno
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310114
subject: Systems biology
classificationCode: 310199
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 319999
subject: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional analyses and results
Blueprint of Shopping Mall Parking Lot and Street View E, October 13, 1940
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the parking lot and street view "E" of a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York.
title: Sampling uncertainty associated with western Mediterraneanpelagic fish abundance estimates derived from acoustic data
Creators: name: Tugores, M. Pilar
name: Miquel, Joan
name: Oñate, Dolores
name: Díaz, Núria
name: Iglesias, Magdalena
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Acoustic surveys are used worldwide for the assessment of pelagic fish stocks. In the Spanish Mediterranean area acoustic surveys are performed annually in late autumn and cover the entire continental shelf between 30 and 200 m depth. This survey was initiated to obtain estimates of anchovy recruitment (Engraulis encrasicolus), but additionally provide a general overview of the whole pelagic fish community in the study area during the time of the year it is performed. Our study area has a diverse assemblage of small and medium-sized pelagic fish (up to nine species) and thus we rely on the proportion of species obtained in middle-water pelagic fishing trawls to attribute the amount of echo corresponding to every single species and estimate their abundance. Although uncertainties may arise from many different sources (e.g. transducer motion, target strength, migration) we focus our study on the estimation of overall sampling uncertainty, one of the main contributors to random error. We apply geostatistical techniques to deal with spatial correlation and discuss benefits and pitfalls in their application. Although transitive geostatistics have seldom been used, most probably due to their inability to produce spatial maps of abundance and variance estimations, they constitute a powerful tool to routinely estimate sampling variance and its variation in time in a multi-specific context. They may also help to assess the effects of varying sampling intensity and could potentially be useful to detect possible processing errors, for example, in echogram scrutinizing. These techniques may therefore potentially help improve both the precision and the accuracy of acoustic data.
Sensitivity analysis for diffusion processes constrained to an orthant
Creators: name: Dieker, A. B.
name: Gao, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies diffusion processes constrained to the positive orthant under infinitesimal changes in the drift. Our first main result states that any constrained function and its (left) drift-derivative is the unique solution to an augmented Skorohod problem. Our second main result uses this characterization to establish a basic adjoint relationship for the stationary distribution of the constrained diffusion process jointly with its left-derivative process.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP967 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Building and Testing Yield Curve Generators for P&C Insurance
Creators: name: Venter, Gary
name: Shang, Kailan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Actuarial science
Bonds--Rate of return
Interest rate risk--Mathematical models
Casualty insurance--Finance
Property insurance--Finance

description: Interest-rate risk is a key factor for property-casualty insurer capital. P&C companies tend to be highly leveraged, with bond holdings much greater than capital. For GAAP capital, bonds are marked to market but liabilities are not, so shifts in the yield curve can have a significant impact on capital. Yield-curve scenario generators are one approach to quantifying this risk. They produce many future simulated evolutions of the yield curve, which can be used to quantify the probabilities of bond-value changes that would result from various maturity-mix strategies. Some of these generators are provided as black-box models where the user gets only the projected scenarios. One focus of this paper is to provide methods for testing generated scenarios from such models by comparing to known distributional properties of yield curves. Typically regulators, security analysts, and customers focus on one to three-year timeframes for capital risk. This is much different than risk-management in other financial institutions, where the focus is on how much markets can move from one day's close to the next day's opening. Those institutions trade continuously when the markets are open, and manage risk with derivatives. P&C insurers, on the other hand, hold bonds to maturity and manage cash-flow risk by matching asset and liability flows. Derivative pricing and stochastic volatility are of little concern over the relevant time frames. This requires different models and model testing than what is common in the broader financial markets. To complicate things further, interest rates for the last decade have not been following the patterns established in the sixty years following WWII. We are now coming out of the period of very low rates, yet are still not returning to what had been thought of as normal before that. Modeling and model testing are in an evolving state while new patterns emerge. Our analysis starts with a review of the literature on interest-rate model testing, with a P&C focus, and an update of the tests for current market behavior. We then discuss models, and use them to illustrate the fitting and testing methods. The testing discussion does not require the model-building section. We do try to make the modeling more accessible to actuarial modelers, compared to our source papers in the financial literature. Code for MCMC estimation is included at the CAS GitHub site. Model estimation is getting easier as the software advances, and interested actuaries, who often have a better feel for the application needs than do financial modelers, can use this to fit their own yield-curve generators.
Architectural Drawing of Properties on Main St., Stony Brook, L.I.
Creators: name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This architectural drawing show several properties on Main St., Dock Road, and Christian Ave located in Stony Brook, L.I. Scale 1 inch = 50 inches.
Fat fractal percolation and k-fractal percolation
Creators: name: Broman, Erik I.
name: van de Brug, Tim
name: Camia, Federico
name: Joosten, Matthijs
name: Meester, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60K35, secondary 28A80, 60D05, 82B43

description: We consider two variations on the Mandelbrot fractal percolation model. In the k-fractal percolation model, the d-dimensional unit cube is divided in N^d equal subcubes, k of which are retained while the others are discarded. The procedure is then iterated inside the retained cubes at all smaller scales. We show that the (properly rescaled) percolation critical value of this model converges to the critical value of ordinary site percolation on a particular d-dimensional lattice as N tends to infinity. This is analogous to the result of Falconer and Grimmett that the critical value for Mandelbrot fractal percolation converges to the critical value of site percolation on the same d-dimensional lattice. In the fat fractal percolation model, subcubes are retained with probability p_n at step n of the construction, where (p_n) is a non-decreasing sequence with \prod p_n > 0. The Lebesgue measure of the limit set is positive a.s. given non-extinction. We prove that either the set of connected components larger than one point has Lebesgue measure zero a.s. or its complement in the limit set has Lebesgue measure zero a.s.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
Soot and the city: Evaluating the impacts of Clean Heat policies on indoor/outdoor air quality in New York City apartments
Creators: name: Gould, Carlos Francisco
name: Chillrud, Steven N.
name: Phillips, Douglas
name: Perzanowski, Matthew S.
name: Hernandez, Diana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Environmental health
Air--Pollution--Government policy
Air quality
Dwellings--Heating and ventilation--Environmental aspects

description: New York City has had a long history of implementing local policies to reduce air pollution. Enacted as a part of PlaNYC, the Clean Heat policies aim to lower wintertime ambient air pollution by phasing out dirty No. 6 heating fuel oil and transitioning to comparatively cleaner No. 4, No. 2, or natural gas. This study evaluates the impacts of policies on ambient air pollution and, given that people spend the majority of their time inside, importantly, indoor air pollution. Using a natural experiment, we evaluate the effects of the policies by measuring average two-week levels of indoor and outdoor black carbon (BC) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in 48 upper Manhattan apartments in successive winter heating seasons before and after mandated fuel transition. We failed to observe systematic improvements in indoor BC and PM2.5 concentrations in follow-up. However, outdoor levels of PM2.5 did improve, with statistical differences observed among buildings converting to the cleanest fuels. Non-statistical improvements were observed for outdoor BC. However, when accounting for meteorological differences, apartment characteristics, and behavioral patterns that may have influenced air pollution measurements, these differences were not significant. The study results have important policy and equity implications considering the differential improvements in air quality by conversion to No. 4 oil as compared to the cleaner No. 2 oil and natural gas.