cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Random Walk Models, Preferential Attachment, and Sequential Monte Carlo Methods for Analysis of Network Data
Creators: Bloem-Reddy, Benjamin Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer networks
subject: Markov processes
subject: Information networks--Statistical methods
subject: Monte Carlo method
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Networks arise in nearly every branch of science, from biology and physics to sociology and economics. A signature of many network datasets is strong local dependence, which gives rise to phenomena such as sparsity, power law degree distributions, clustering, and structural heterogeneity. Statistical models of networks require a careful balance of flexibility to faithfully capture that dependence, and simplicity, to make analysis and inference tractable. In this dissertation, we introduce a class of models that insert one network edge at a time via a random walk, permitting the location of new edges to depend explicitly on the structure of the existing network, while remaining probabilistically and computationally tractable. Connections to graph kernels are made  through the probability generating function of the random walk length distribution. The limiting degree distribution is shown to exhibit power law behavior, and the properties of the limiting degree sequence are studied analytically with martingale methods. In the second part of the dissertation, we develop a class of particle Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms to perform inference for a large class of sequential random graph models, even when the observation consists only of a single graph. Using these methods, we derive a particle Gibbs sampler for random walk models. Fit to synthetic data, the sampler accurately recovers the model parameters; fit to real data, the model offers insight into the typical length scale of dependence in the network, and provides a new measure of vertex centrality.
      The arrival times of new vertices are the key to obtaining results for both theory and inference. In the third part, we undertake a careful study of the relationship between the arrival times, sparsity, and heavy tailed degree distributions in preferential attachment-type models of partitions and graphs. A number of constructive representations of the limiting degrees are obtained, and connections are made to exchangeable Gibbs partitions as well as to recent results on the limiting degrees of preferential attachment graphs.
title: Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Virtual Private Workspace
Creators: name: Schönenberg, Robin
name: Back, Andrea
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Cloud-basierte Anwendungen sind eine neue Technologie mit dem Potential Wettbewerbs-vorteile für Unternehmen zu schaffen. Eine kritische Reflektion der Einsatzmöglichkeiten und eine fundierte Entscheidungshilfe für die Implementierung solcher Services fehlen allerdings weitgehend. Die vorliegende explorative Untersuchung evaluiert die Einsatzmöglichkeiten cloud-basierter virtueller Arbeitsplätze für KMU. Hierfür wird die Bezeichnung Virtual Private Workspace (VPW) definiert und der aktuelle Forschungsstand aufgezeigt. Zwei Fallstudien werden erhoben, aus der beobachteten Praxis Hypothesen abgeleitet und durch sechs Experten-interviews validiert. Aus den validierten Hypothesen wird ein Kriterien-Set abgeleitet und in ei-nem Entscheidungsprozess dargestellt. Dieser soll den KMU helfen eine fundierte Entscheidung zu treffen, ob der Einsatz von VPW wirtschaftlich vorteilhaft ist.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
Ranking Algorithms on Directed Configuration Networks
Creators: Chen, Ningyuan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Operations research
Computer science

description: In recent decades, complex real-world networks, such as social networks, the World Wide Web, financial networks, etc., have become a popular subject for both researchers and practitioners. This is largely due to the advances in computing power and big-data analytics. A key issue of analyzing these networks is the centrality of nodes. Ranking algorithms are designed to achieve the goal, e.g., Google's PageRank. We analyze the asymptotic distribution of the rank of a randomly chosen node, computed by a family of ranking algorithms on a random graph, including PageRank, when the size of the network grows to infinity.
      We propose a configuration model generating the structure of a directed graph given in- and out-degree distributions of the nodes. The algorithm guarantees the generated graph to be simple (without self-loops and multiple edges in the same direction) for a broad spectrum of degree distributions, including power-law distributions. Power-law degree distribution is referred to as scale-free property and observed in many real-world networks. On the random graph G_n=(V_n,E_n) generated by the configuration model, we study the distribution of the ranks, which solves
          R_i=∑ _{j: (j,i) ∈ E_n} (C_jR_j +Q_i)
for all node i, some weight C_i and personalization value Q_i.
      We show that as the size of the graph n → ∞, the rank of a randomly chosen node converges weakly to the endogenous solution of the
          R =^D ∑ _{i=1}^N (C_iR_i + Q),
where (Q, N, {C_i}) is a random vector and {R_i} are i.i.d. copies of R, independent of (Q, N,{C_i}). This main result is divided into three steps. First, we show that the rank of a randomly chosen node can be approximated by applying the ranking algorithm on the graph for finite iterations. Second, by coupling the graph to a branching tree that is governed by the empirical size-biased distribution, we approximate the finite iteration of the ranking algorithm by the root node of the branching tree. Finally, we prove that the rank of the root of the branching tree converges to that of a limiting weighted branching process, which is independent of n and solves the stochastic fixed-point equation. Our result formalizes the well-known heuristics, that a network often locally possesses a tree-like structure. We conduct a numerical example showing that the approximation is very accurate for English Wikipedia pages (over 5 million).
      To draw a sample from the endogenous solution of the stochastic fixed-point equation, one can run linear branching recursions on a weighted branching process. We provide an iterative simulation algorithm based on bootstrap. Compared to the naive Monte Carlo, our algorithm reduces the complexity from exponential to linear in the number of recursions. We show that as the bootstrap sample size tends to infinity, the sample drawn according to our algorithm converges to the target distribution in the Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance and the estimator is consistent.
ASHVIN Use Case - Simulation of Activities for the Digital Twin of a Construction Area by Collecting Automated Data to Have Higher Efficiency
Creators: name: Kennedy, Mary Lidiya
name: Senturk, Eser
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This use case is drafted within the framework of the ASHVIN project, funded by the European Union, to develop a novel system based on digital twin technologies to support the design engineering, construction, and maintenance phases of projects in the construction sector. 

 

This document focuses on real-time discrete event simulation (DES) of processes during the construction phase. Real-time Discrete Event Simulation enables the simulation of construction site activities and the evaluation of their impacts on performance indicators (PIs) for productive, resource-efficient, and safe construction works. In close alignment with demonstration cases, work process patterns were determined to develop Discrete Event Simulation mechanism models. Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) formalisms were created to build a basis for semantic understanding of each Discrete Event Simulation model. The discrete event simulation mechanisms can account for the site's supply-chain logistical, resource-dependent, and spatial characteristics and can use real-time Digital Twin data generated by sensors to predict future construction works.

 

The ASHVIN system comprises 10 smart building applications, and this use case is related to the DES tool (full name: Simulation-based real-time construction site and logistics planning tool). 

The ASHVIN toolkit was demonstrated across 10 European demonstration sites, and this use case is related to the demo site #4 Logistics Hall in Germany.

 

This document reflects only the author’s view, and the European Commission is not responsible for using the information it contains.
Crotalaria cleomifolia Baker
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Crotalaria
Crotalaria cleomifolia

description: Crotalaria cleomifolia Baker  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 600 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Statistical Error in Particle Simulations of Hydrodynamic Phenomena
Creators: name: Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas
name: Garcia, Alejandro L.
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
name: He, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for the statistical error due to finite sampling in the presence of thermal fluctuations in molecular simulation algorithms. Specifically, we establish how these errors depend on Mach number, Knudsen number, number of particles, etc. Expressions for the common hydrodynamic variables of interest such as flow velocity, temperature, density, pressure, shear stress and heat flux are derived using equilibrium statistical mechanics. Both volume-averaged and surface-averaged quantities are considered. Comparisons between theory and computations using direct simulation Monte Carlo for dilute gases, and molecular dynamics for dense fluids, show that the use of equilibrium theory provides accurate results.
description: 24 pages postscript (including 16 figures)
Planets In Young Massive Clusters: On the survivability of planets in young massive clusters and its implication of planet orbital architectures in globular clusters
Creators: name: Cai, Maxwell Xu
name: Zwart, S. Portegies
name: Kouwenhoven, M. B. N.
name: Spurzem, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As of August 2019, among the more than 4000 confirmed exoplanets, only one has been detected in a globular cluster (GC) M4. The scarce of exoplanet detections motivates us to employ direct $N$-body simulations to investigate the dynamical stability of planets in young massive clusters (YMCs), which are potentially the progenitors of GCs. In an $N=128{\rm k}$ cluster of virial radius 1.7 pc (comparable to Westerlund-1), our simulations show that most wide-orbit planets ($a\geq 20$~au) will be ejected within a timescale of 10 Myr. Interestingly, more than $70\%$ of planets with $a<5$~au survive in the 100 Myr simulations. Ignoring planet-planet scattering and tidal damping, the survivability at $t$ Myr as a function of initial semi-major axis $a_0$ in au in such a YMC can be described as $f_{\rm surv}(a_0, t)=-0.33 \log_{10}(a_0) \left(1 - e^{-0.0482t} \right) + 1$. Upon ejection, about $28.8\%$ of free-floating planets (FFPs) have sufficient speeds to escape from the host cluster at a crossing timescale. The other FFPs will remain bound to the cluster potential, but the subsequent dynamical evolution of the stellar system can result in the delayed ejection of FFPs from the host cluster. Although a full investigation of planet population in GCs requires extending the simulations to multi-Gyr, our results suggest that wide-orbit planets and free-floating planets are unlikely to be found in GCs.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted by MNRAS
title: New Sales and Buying Models in the Internet: App Store Model for Enterprise Application Software
Creators: name: Wenzel, Stefan
name: Faisst, Wolfgang
name: Burkard, Christoph
name: Buxmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Whereas electronic marketplaces had been established years ago to distribute different kinds of software, they have become subject of public interest given the success of “app store” models in business-to-consumer (B2C) environment, especially for mobile device software. The expectation of a consumer grade buying experience, cloud deployment models and the disaggregation of software bundles to smaller and more focused offerings are fostering the app store model also for enterprise software.
In this article, a classification of buying situations for enterprise application software is introduced reflecting organizational buying processes between the transactional and the consultative sales / buying model. In that context, the article outlines the role of electronic marketplaces and Internet-based sales infrastructures detailed in a practical case example.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
On separable Schrödinger equations
Creators: name: Zhdanov, Renat
name: Zhalij, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40, 81Q05

description: We classify (1+3)-dimensional Schrödinger equations for a particle interacting with the electromagnetic field that are solvable by the method of separation of variables. As a result, we get eleven classes of the electromagnetic vector potentials of the electromagnetic field $A(t, \vec x)=(A_0(t, \vec x)$, $\vec A(t, \vec x))$ providing separability of the corresponding Schrödinger equations. It is established, in particular, that the necessary condition for the Schrödinger equation to be separable is that the magnetic field must be independent of the spatial variables. Next, we prove that any Schrödinger equation admitting variable separation into second-order ordinary differential equations can be reduced to one of the eleven separable Schrödinger equations mentioned above and carry out variable separation in the latter. Furthermore, we apply the results obtained for separating variables in the Hamilton-Jacobi equation.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX
title: A Case for Cooperative Cloud Intermediaries for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Creators: name: Haselmann, Till
name: Lipsky, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Cloud computing is a new and increasingly popular form of IT outsourcing. It implies that a cloud service provider offers very standardized abstract IT services which are accessed by a user over the Internet. While cloud services are supposed to be very beneficial for small and medium-sized enterprises, the adoption of such services has been low in this group, among other reasons because of high complexity of the cloud market and trust concerns. This paper motivates the notion of cooperative cloud intermediaries as a solution for these concerns by building on well-known concepts: transaction cost theory, agency theory, the notion of intermediaries in electronic markets and the cooperative paradigm. We derive our solution in detail and show its viability in theory.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
Crotalaria cylindrica subsp. afrorientalis Polhill
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Crotalaria
Crotalaria cylindrica
Crotalaria cylindrica a.rich. subsp. afrorientalis polhill

description: Crotalaria cylindrica A.Rich. subsp. afrorientalis Polhill  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 1 700–3 600 m. Distribution: IIIb.
 Voucher: Kamweti Track, Alt. 2 168 m, 31 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 003041 (HIB).
 References: Gillett et al. (1971b), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Triariodes Clark & Anderson 2019
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Triariodes

description: Genus Triariodes Clark & Anderson, 2019
Triariodes Clark & Anderson, 2019: 344 (type species Malacosoma vittipenne Horn, 1893, by original designation).
Remarks
This genus includes three described species. They occur in the southern United States and Mexico. See Fig. 136 for a habitus illustration. See Clark & Anderson (2019) for a key to species.
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on page 34, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499
title: Felsen, Steine oder Sand – Messung des optimalen Granularitätsgrades von Software-Services
Creators: name: Weber, Moritz
name: Wondrak, Carola
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Durch den geschickten Entwurf wiederverwendbarer Software können in zukünftigen Entwick-lungszyklen Kosten gespart und Mehrwerte generiert werden. Welcher Detailgrad des Entwurfs dabei für die Wiederverwendbarkeit effizient ist, ist bisher nur schwer quantifizierbar. Diese Arbeit nutzt theoretisch fundierte und etablierte Methoden der Portfoliotheorie und wendet sie auf den Bereich der Softwareentwicklung an. Mittels dieser Methoden wird der Restnutzen des wiederverwendbaren Codes bewertet und die Risiken der Reimplementierung verglichen. Durch Anwendung dieser Methoden wird empirisch anhand von drei Softwareprojekten untersucht, wie sich Projektstrukturen auf das Risiko der Reimplementierung auswirken. Das Ziel hierbei ist, den bestmöglichen Granularitätsgrad für Software zu bestimmen.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
title: Cloud Computing Innovation: Schritte in Richtung einer Forschungsagenda
Creators: name: Huntgeburth, Jan
name: Steininger, Dennis
name: Trenz, Manuel
name: Veit, Daniel
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Die hohen Nutzenpotentiale von Cloud Computing können nur bei einer weiten Verbreitung der Technologie realisiert werden. Ziel der Innovationsforschung ist es daher, robuste, generalisier-bare und prädiktive Erklärungsansätze zu entwickeln, die Möglichkeiten bieten, in die Verbrei-tung von Cloud Computing zu intervenieren. In der vorliegenden Studie werden die konzeptio-nellen und theoretischen Grundlagen gelegt, der aktuelle Stand der Forschung analysiert und erläutert, wie zukünftige Forschung einen wichtigen Beitrag dazu leisten kann, Handlungs-empfehlungen für die Verbreitung von Cloud Computing zu entwickeln.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
Liebe im Kapitalismus zwischen Geschlechtergleichheit und Marktorientierung
Creators: name: Burkart, Günter
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Kapitalismus
subject: Liebe
subject: Geschlechterverhältnis
subject: Wirtschaft
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Wandel der Liebe in Paarbeziehungen im Kontext der Veränderungen von Geschlechterverhältnissen. Als die Idee der „romantischen Liebe“ am Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts aufkam, waren Vorstellungen von Geschlechtergleichheit oder das Modell der Partnerschaftlichkeit noch nicht durchgesetzt, im Kontrast zur heutigen Situation, in der die Liebe in einem Spannungsverhältnis zu diesen Idealen steht. Bezieht man den Kapitalismus und die Medienkultur ein, verschärft sich diese Problematik. Private Beziehungen und damit auch die Liebe geraten unter Ökonomisierungsdruck, sie werden stärker marktorientiert. Auf der anderen Seite wird vermutet, dass sich unter dem Einfl uss der Liebe auch der Kapitalismus verändert und Werte wie Geschlechtergleichheit und Emotionalität adaptiert. Liebe und Kapitalismus, so die zeitdiagnostische These, durchdringen sich gegenseitig und stehen in einem wechselseitigen Anpassungsprozess. Als mögliche Konsequenz wird eine Feminisierung des Kapitalismus diskutiert.
description: Love in capitalism between gender equality and market orientation This article deals with the social changes occurring in love relationships in the context of changing gender relations. When the con- cept of romantic love appeared in the late 18th century, ideas of gender equality and of partnership were not widespread. Today, in contrast, love is caught between these two ideals. The tension arising as a result gains increasing importance in the context of capitalism and media culture. Private and, thus, love relationships are under economic pressure (commodification of love). On the other hand, it is assumed that capitalism is also changing and that it adopts values which are important for love and for gender equality. Love and capitalism, so the leading idea, interpenetrate each other and coexist in a process of reciprocal adaptation. The feminization of capitalism is assumed to be a possible con- sequence.
Crotalaria deserticola Baker f.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Crotalaria
Crotalaria deserticola

description: Crotalaria deserticola Baker f.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Mount Kenya, Meru, 2 Feb. 1922, Balbo 201 (FT, TOM).
 Reference: Gillett et al. (1971b).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Rapid breast pathology tissue evaluation using optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Creators: Mojahed, Diana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Breast--Cancer--Diagnosis
Optical images
Optical coherence tomography
Breast--Cancer--Pathophysiology

description: The purpose of this work was to develop novel optical imaging technology and algorithms as a nondestructive method for detection and diagnosis of cancer in breast specimens. There are many ways in which the diagnosis of disease can benefit from fast and intelligent optical imaging technology. Our existing ability to provide this diagnosis depends on time-consuming pathology analysis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive optical imaging modality that provides depth-resolved, high-resolution images of tissue microstructure in real-time. OCT could provide a rapid evaluation of specimens while patients are still in the office, and has strong potential to improve the efficiency in evaluation of breast pathology specimens (biopsy or surgical). In this work, we demonstrate an imaging system to address this unmet clinical need, artificial intelligence algorithms to interpret the images, and early work towards miniaturizing the technology. We present an OCT system that achieves a line scan rate of 250kHz, meaning we can image a pathology cassette in 41 seconds, which is more than double the fastest scan rate in the field. By utilizing a multiplexed superluminescent diode (SLD) light source, which has strong noise performance over imaging speed, we achieve high resolution imaging under 5 um in tissue (axially and laterally). The system features a 1.1 mm 6-dB sensitivity fall-off range when imaging at 250 kHz. The scanner features large-area scanning with the implementation of a 2-axis motorized stage, enabling visualization of areas up to 10 cm x 10 cm (prior work visualizes 3 mm x 3mm). We showcase the results of demonstrating the performance of this system on a 100-patient clinical imaging study of breast biopsies, as well as imaging of clinical pathology specimens from the breast, prostate, lung, and pancreas in an IRB-approved study. Further, we show our work towards developing artificial intelligence (AI) for cancer detection within OCT images. Using retrospective data, we developed a type of AI algorithm known as a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify OCT images of breast tissue from 49 patients. The binary cancer classification achieved 94% accuracy, 96% sensitivity, and 92% specificity. This framework had higher accuracy than the 88% accuracy of 7 clinician readers combined in our lab’s earlier multi-reader study. Lastly, we demonstrate a supercontinuum light source based on a 1 mm2 Si3N4 photonic chip for OCT imaging that has better performance than the state-of-the-art laser. Existing broadband laser sources for OCT are large, bulky, and have high excess noise. Our Si3N4 chip fundamentally eliminates the excess noise common to lasers and achieves 105 dB sensitivity and 1.81 mm 6-dB sensitivity roll-off with only 300 µW power on the sample.
Typology of Supremacy in Arabian Peninsula in Pre Islamic Era
Creators: name: Bakhtiari, Shahla
name: Hedye Taghavi
name: AliMohamad Valavi
name: Ghulamriza Zarifyan Shafiei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220407 Studies in Religious Traditions (excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic Traditions)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History

description: The social system in Arabian Peninsula in pre Islamic era remained tribal- clan with no particular form of integrated social unity in this region. It was more affected by multitude population, dominated traditions and illiteracy in terms of education and civilization. Influencing the type of the administration system over the various parts of peninsula, it rather determined the type of supremacy over the region either compatible or incompatible with social system developments. Consequently, while the tribe itself made the only social unit in some parts of the land, some developed areas experienced a great consolidation within the sort of integrated tribal form as a large social unit. This influenced the trend of administration system as well as making diversity in ruling system according to the particular social units in the region.
Investigating on the types of supremacy in three major parts of Arabian Peninsula in pre Islamic era, this study accomplished by manipulating Weber’s Traditional Supremacy Typology. According to the findings, there has to be three types of supremacy over the peninsula at that time: Senior supremacy, paternal supremacy and patriarchy.
A real-space renormalization group for jamming
Creators: name: Clark, Abram H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jamming occurs in granular materials, as well as in emulsions, dense suspensions, and other amorphous, particulate systems. When the packing fraction $ϕ$, defined as the ratio of particle volume to system volume, is increased past a critical value $ϕ_c$, a liquid-solid phase transition occurs, and grains are no longer able to rearrange. Previous studies have shown evidence of spatial correlations that diverge near $ϕ= ϕ_c$, but there has been no explicit spatial renormalization group (RG) scheme that has captured this transition. Here, I present a candidate for such a scheme, using a block-spin-like transformation of a randomly vacated lattice of grains. I define a real-space RG transformation based on local mechanical stability. This model displays a critical packing fraction $ϕ_c$ and gives estimates of critical exponents in two and three dimensions.
description: Submitted to Granular Matter: Special Issue In Memoriam of Bob Behringer
Block Spins for Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Goldenfeld, Nigel
name: McKane, Alan
name: Hou, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of renormalisation group methods to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) numerically. Our approach focuses on coarse-graining the underlying continuum process as opposed to the conventional numerical analysis method of sampling it. We calculate exactly the coarse-grained or `perfect' Laplacian operator and investigate the numerical effectiveness of the technique on a series of 1+1-dimensional PDEs with varying levels of smoothness in the dynamics: the diffusion equation, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation, the Swift-Hohenberg equation and the damped Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. We find that the renormalisation group is superior to conventional sampling-based discretisations in representing faithfully the dynamics with a large grid spacing, introducing no detectable lattice artifacts as long as there is a natural ultra-violet cut off in the problem. We discuss limitations and open problems of this approach.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX, 8 figures, contribution to L.P. Kadanoff festschrift (J. Stat. Phys)
title: Lock-Ins auf Netzeffektmärkten – Ergebnisse einer Simulationsstudie
Creators: name: Draisbach, Tobias
name: Widjaja, Thomas
name: Buxmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Auf Märkten für Netzeffektgüter – wie beispielsweise Software – kommt es häufig zu so genannten Lock-Ins. Die Untersuchung von Zufallsnetzwerken sowie zwei sozialen Online-Netzwerken mithilfe eines agentenbasierten Simulationsprototypen zeigt, dass sowohl die Netzwerktopologie als auch die Netzeffektstärke einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Lock-In-Häufigkeit ausüben. Typischerweise steigt die Lock-In-Häufigkeit mit zunehmender Netzeffektstärke und Vermaschung der Netzwerke. In Topologien sozialer Netzwerke trifft dies jedoch nur teilweise zu.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012
Crotalaria incana subsp. purpurascens Milne-Redh.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Crotalaria
Crotalaria incana
Crotalaria incana l. subsp. purpurascens (lam.) milne-Redh.

description: Crotalaria incana L. subsp. purpurascens (Lam.) Milne-Redh.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 600 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Chogoria, Alt. 1 500 m, 9 Apr. 1977, Kahurananga 876 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1927b), Bussmann (1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Rare Events in Stochastic Systems: Modeling, Simulation Design and Algorithm Analysis
Creators: Shi, Yixi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This dissertation explores a few topics in the study of rare events in stochastic systems, with a particular emphasis on the simulation aspect. This line of research has been receiving a substantial amount of interest in recent years, mainly motivated by scientific and industrial applications in which system performance is frequently measured in terms of events with very small probabilities.The topics mainly break down into the following themes: Algorithm Analysis: Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5.  Simulation Design: Chapters 3, 4 and 5. Modeling: Chapter 5. The titles of the main chapters are detailed as follows: Chapter 2: Analysis of a Splitting Estimator for Rare Event Probabilities in Jackson Networks Chapter 3: Splitting for Heavy-tailed Systems: An Exploration with Two Algorithms Chapter 4: State Dependent Importance Sampling with Cross Entropy for Heavy-tailed Systems Chapter 5: Stochastic Insurance-Reinsurance Networks: Modeling, Analysis and Efficient Monte Carlo
Rapid Advance: High Technology in China in the Global Electronic Age
Creators: Mays, Susan Kay
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economic history
Asians
Industrial engineering

description: This study examines how a critical high technology industry in China, the semiconductor industry, advanced from being an isolated, centrally planned industry in the mid 1980s to being an important participant in the competitive global semiconductor industry after 2000. The research examines the most important trends, projects, and enterprises in China, with attention to China's global partners and China's rapidly growing role in the world economy. In the 1990s, semiconductor enterprises in China proactively made key structural changes and global linkages that set the stage for the industry's growth after 2000. The study thus provides an industry level assessment of how reforms and technological upgrading occurred in contemporary China, including the degree and character of so-called state led development. This research also shows that the development of this high technology industry had direct and positive effects on China's larger business environment and trade policies. Finally, this study compares the development of the semiconductor industry in China with its development in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, identifying differences in national approaches and the effects of the global information revolution.
Global dynamics of the mixmaster model
Creators: name: Rendall, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asymptotic behaviour of vacuum Bianchi models of class A near the initial singularity is studied, in an effort to confirm the standard picture arising from heuristic and numerical approaches by mathematical proofs. It is shown that for solutions of types other than VIII and IX the singularity is velocity dominated and that the Kretschmann scalar is unbounded there, except in the explicitly known cases where the spacetime can be smoothly extended through a Cauchy horizon. For types VIII and IX it is shown that there are at most two possibilities for the evolution. When the first possibility is realized, and if the spacetime is not one of the explicitly known solutions which can be smoothly extended through a Cauchy horizon, then there are infinitely many oscillations near the singularity and the Kretschmann scalar is unbounded there. The second possibility remains mysterious and it is left open whether it ever occurs. It is also shown that any finite sequence of distinct points generated by iterating the Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifschitz mapping can be realized approximately by a solution of the vacuum Einstein equations of Bianchi type IX.
description: 16 pages
Dynamics of a yoyo using a smartphone gyroscope sensor
Creators: name: Salinas, Isabel
name: Monteiro, Martin
name: Marti, Arturo C.
name: Monsoriu, Juan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a traditional toy, the yoyo, is investigated theoretically and experimentally using smartphone' sensors. In particular, using the gyroscope the angular velocity is measured. The experimental results are complemented thanks to a digital video analysis. The concordance between theoretical and experimental results is discussed. As the yoyo is a ubiquitous, simple and traditional toy this simple proposal could encourage students to experiment with everyday objects and modern technologies.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, typos and added a discussion about classroom implementations
Effective model for Majorana modes in graphene
Creators: name: Manesco, A. L. R.
name: Rodrigues, D.
name: Weber, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently proposed that the interface between a graphene nanoribbon in the canted antiferromagnetic quantum Hall state and a s-wave superconductor may present topological superconductivity, resulting in the appearance of Majorana zero modes. However, a description of the low-energy physics in terms of experimentally controllable parameters was still missing. Starting from a mean-field continuum model for graphene in proximity to a superconductor, we derive the low-energy effective Hamiltonian describing the interface of this heterojunction from first principles. A comparison between tight-binding simulations and analytical calculations with effective masses suggests that normal reflections at the interface must be considered in order to fully describe the low-energy physics.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Photoproduction of $K^{+}Λ$ with a Regge-plus-resonance model
Creators: name: Bydžovský, Petr
name: Skoupil, Dalibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Making use of the hybrid Regge-plus-resonance model, we investigate the process of kaon photoproduction off the proton target. We present a new model whose free parameters were adjusted to data in and above the resonance region and which provides an acceptable description of experimental data. The overwhelming majority of nucleon resonances selected in this analysis overlaps with those selected in our previous analyses and also with the Bayesian analysis with the Regge-plus-resonance model, which we deem to be dependable. A novel feature of our model consists in applying a different scheme for gauge-invariance restoration, which results in a need for implementing a contact current. As we further reveal, the choice of the gauge invariance restoration scheme as well as the choice of either pseudoscalar or pseudovector coupling in the strong vertex play a significant role for cross-section predictions at forward angles where data are scarce.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
One-dimensional mixtures of several ultracold atoms: a review
Creators: name: Sowiński, Tomasz
name: García-March, Miguel Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical and experimental progress on studying one-dimensional systems of bosonic, fermionic, and Bose-Fermi mixtures of a few ultracold atoms confined in traps is reviewed in the broad context of mesoscopic quantum physics. We pay special attention to limiting cases of very strong or very weak interactions and transitions between them. For bosonic mixtures, we describe the developments in systems of three and four atoms as well as different extensions to larger numbers of particles. We also briefly review progress in the case of spinor Bose gases of a few atoms. For fermionic mixtures, we discuss a special role of spin and present a detailed discussion of the two- and three-atom cases. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different computation methods applied to systems with intermediate interactions. In the case of very strong repulsion, close to the infinite limit, we discuss approaches based on effective spin chain descriptions. We also report on recent studies on higher-spin mixtures and inter-component attractive forces. For both statistics, we pay particular attention to impurity problems and mass imbalance cases. Finally, we describe the recent advances on trapped Bose-Fermi mixtures, which allow for a theoretical combination of previous concepts, well illustrating the importance of quantum statistics and inter-particle interactions. Lastly, we report on fundamental questions related to the subject which we believe will inspire further theoretical developments and experimental verification.
Rater Drift in Constructed Response Scoring via Latent Class Signal Detection Theory and Item Response Theory
Creators: Park, Yoon Soo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Psychometrics
subject: Educational tests and measurements
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The use of constructed response (CR) items or performance tasks to assess test takers' ability has grown tremendously over the past decade. Examples of CR items in psychological and educational measurement range from essays, works of art, and admissions interviews. However, unlike multiple-choice (MC) items that have predetermined options, CR items require test takers to construct their own answer. As such, they require the judgment of multiple raters that are subject to differences in perception and prior knowledge of the material being evaluated. As with any scoring procedure, the scores assigned by raters must be comparable over time and over different test administrations and forms; in other words, scores must be reliable and valid for all test takers, regardless of when an individual takes the test. This study examines how longitudinal patterns or changes in rater behavior affect model-based classification accuracy. Rater drift refers to changes in rater behavior across different test administrations. Prior research has found evidence of drift. Rater behavior in CR scoring is examined using two measurement models - latent class signal detection theory (SDT) and item response theory (IRT) models. Rater effects (e.g., leniency and strictness) are partly examined with simulations, where the ability of different models to capture changes in rater behavior is studied. Drift is also examined in two real-world large scale tests: teacher certification test and high school writing test. These tests use the same set of raters for long periods of time, where each rater's scoring is examined on a monthly basis. Results from the empirical analysis showed that rater models were effective to detect changes in rater behavior over testing administrations in real-world data. However, there were differences in rater discrimination between the latent class SDT and IRT models. Simulations were used to examine the effect of rater drift on classification accuracy and on differences between the latent class SDT and IRT models. Changes in rater severity had only a minimal effect on classification. Rater discrimination had a greater effect on classification accuracy. This study also found that IRT models detected changes in rater severity and in rater discrimination even when data were generated from the latent class SDT model. However, when data were non-normal, IRT models underestimated rater discrimination, which may lead to incorrect inferences on the precision of raters. These findings provide new and important insights into CR scoring and issues that emerge in practice, including methods to improve rater training.
Crotalaria jacksonii Baker f.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Crotalaria
Crotalaria jacksonii

description: Crotalaria jacksonii Baker f.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 2 100–3 000 m. Distribution: IIIb.
 Voucher: Ontulili Forest Station, Alt. 2 200 m, 15 Sep. 1970, Kokwaro et al. 2312 (EA).
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Additional file1: of Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of pancreatic and biliary tract cancers by sequencing of serum microRNAs
Creators: name: Kwondo Kim
name: DongAhn Yoo
name: Lee, Hee
name: Lee, Kyong
name: Park, Soo
name: Chanyang Kim
name: Jo, Jung
name: Dawoon Jung
name: Song, Si
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Optimal cluster estimation based on silhouette score. Figure S2. Principal component analysis using different miRNA subsets. Figure S3. Box plot of miRNA expression for PC (P), BTC (B), and HC (N) groups. Figure S4. Volcano plot of miRNAs. Figure S5. Principal component analysis of serum miRNA expression according to stage. Figure S6. Serum miRNA expression according to stage. Figure S7. Parameter optimization of the K-nearest neighbour algorithm. Table S1. Three-group classification performance by the miRNAs. Table S2. Two-group classification performance by the miRNAs. Table S3. Summary of validation sample information. (DOCX 967 kb)
title: Web-basierte Erlösmodelle und deren Einflussfaktoren am Beispiel eines Online-Portals
Creators: name: Holl, Friedrich
name: Witt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 33
subject: 000

description: Abhängig vom Geschäftsmodell eines Online-Portals stehen dem Betreiber verschiedene Erlös-formen zur (Re-)Finanzierung zur Auswahl. Entscheidend für Auswahl sind unter anderem die mögliche Umsatzentwicklung, der Aufwand der Implementierung und vor allem die steuerbaren Einflussfaktoren auf die Umsatzentwicklung. Dabei kann der Betreiber des Portals, abhängig vom Geschäftsmodell, einzelne Faktoren nur bedingt beeinflussen. In vielen Fällen kennt er die jeweiligen Größen nicht. Nachfolgend werden ausgewählte Erlösmodelle am Beispiel eines Online-Portals analysiert und auf Möglichkeiten zur direkten und indirekten Steuerung durch den Portal-Betreiber untersucht.
description: Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012 : Tagungsband der MKWI 2012