cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of dynamic loss and total loss in the REBCO tapes under perpendicular AC magnetic fields up to 8 T at 20 K and 50 K
Creators: name: Zhang, Y
name: Sun, Yueming
name: Strickland, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: REBCO tapes carry DC current under AC magnetic fields in proposed HTS fusion applications. AC loss will be generated in the process and it is important to understand the AC loss behaviour for safe operation of the fusion magnets. In this work, magnetisation loss (Qm), dynamic resistance (Rdyn), and total loss (Qtotal) in four different REBCO tapes are numerically studied, using the measured JcB,θ and nB,θ, for the magnetic field amplitude applied perpendicularly up to 8 T at 20 K and 50 K, where JcB,θ represents the magnetic field and field angle (θ) dependent critical current density. The peak of Theva JcB,θ data is different from that of other tapes. We artificially shifted the ab-plane peak of Theva JcB,θ to the left by 25° to match the peak value. The newly shifted data is named as Theva-shift, which was also investigated to study the influence of the Theva peak shift on AC loss. The normalised DC transport current level (i = It/Ic0) ranges from 0.05 to 0.9, where the DC current amplitude and the self-critical current of the tape are represented by It and Ic0, respectively. The simulation results show that the AC losses deviate significantly from the Brandt-Indenbom (BI) equation at high magnetic fields. Jc and instantaneous loss curves for different tapes show correlation at high magnetic fields. The simulation results also show how different JcB,θ characteristics for different tapes influence AC losses. When AC loss values are scaled by the self-field critical current, Qm without current and Qtotal with current in the different tapes show a good agreement. It implies that the temperature dependence of the two types of loss can be calculated from a known loss at one temperature and the self-field critical current.
Low field anomaly in the critical current of Ba1−X Kx Fe2As2 tapes
Creators: name: Strickland, Nicholas
name: Chong, Shen
name: Dong, C
name: Zhang, X
name: Ma, Y
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: Ba1−x K x Fe2As2 superconductors have strong potential for magnet applications through their very high upper critical field, relatively high superconducting transition temperature and manufacturability through the powder-in-tube (PIT) route. However, the critical current density in PIT tapes is still low compared to the incumbent technologies, so a greater understanding of the limiting factors is required. We have measured the in-field critical currents (I c) of stainless steel and silver double-sheathed monofilament Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconductor tapes at elevated temperatures from 15 K to 35 K. At 20 K, the critical current density is up to 140 kA cm−2 in low (optimal) field and 22 kA cm−2 in 8 T. In the low-field region we observe an anomalous and sharp suppression of I c centred at the zero field. This feature is non-hysteretic for lower temperatures and perpendicular fields, but becomes hysteretic for higher temperatures in perpendicular fields and for all temperatures in parallel fields. The low-field suppression is also reflected in the n-values which can otherwise be very high, in excess of 100 in the optimal field. Magnetic-field hysteresis of I c is generally attributed to flux exclusion/flux trapping in granular superconductors and this is likely to be the case also in the present conductors. The low-field I c anomaly also likely has its origin in planar granularity, while magnetic phases in grains or grain boundaries may also play a role.
AC loss study on a 3-phase HTS 1 MVA transformer coupled with a three-limb iron core
Creators: name: Wu, Yue
name: You, S
name: Fang, J
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Long, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 4009
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware

description: High-temperature superconducting (HTS) technology provides an alternative approach to achieve compact transformers. Addressing AC loss in the HTS winding is crucial for HTS transformer applications. Most numerical AC loss studies on HTS transformers have neglected the influence of iron cores. This work carries out an AC loss study to explore the impact of an iron core on the HTS windings in a 3-phase HTS 1 MVA transformer coupled with it. AC loss simulations for the transformer winding both with and without the iron core are conducted by adopting the three-dimensional (3D) T-A homogenization method. When the iron core is incorporated, the saturation magnetic fields of iron materials, flux diverters (FDs) with different geometries, and variations in turn spacings in the LV winding composed of Roebel cables are considered to investigate their influence on the AC loss of the transformer winding. The inclusion of the iron core leads to a 1.2% increase in AC loss for the transformer winding while simulating at the rated current. We attribute this slight difference to the non-inductive winding structure of the transformer winding, where a strong magnetic field generated in the space between the LV and HV windings effectively shields the influence of the iron core.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Impact of selenium supplementation on fish antiviral responses: a whole transcriptomic analysis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed supranutritional levels of Sel-Plex®
Creators: name: D. Pacitti
name: M. Lawan
name: J. Feldmann
name: J. Sweetman
name: T. Wang
name: S. Martin
name: C. Secombes
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Diagram outlining the experimental setup and hybridization strategy for microarray analysis. For each experimental group five pools of HK or liver RNA extracted from three individuals were used. For the microarray experiment, the effect of the 4 mg Se Kg−1 diet (SeC), plus the effect of poly(I:C) stimulation on fish fed either a control diet (CP) or the 4 mg Se Kg−1 enriched diet (SeP) was investigated, in both liver and head kidney. One-way ANOVA was used to compare differences among groups, whilist two-way ANOVA analysis was applied to determine differential responses to poly(I:C) between the two diet groups. The pooled control was an equal mixture of RNA pools from each group. All hybridizations were between experimental groups and the pooled control. (PDF 317 kb)
Experimental AC loss study on REBCO coil assemblies coupled with an iron cylinder
Creators: name: Wu, Yue
name: Fang, J
name: Miyagi, D
name: Amemiya, N
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Long, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics
classificationCode: 4008
subject: Electrical engineering
classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: In high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power devices, the presence of iron cores changes the magnetic field profile around the HTS coil windings, potentially affecting their AC loss characteristics. AC loss measurements for HTS coil windings coupled with an iron core using the electrical method can lead to a significant error, owing to the indirect estimation of the iron core loss through using a copper test coil. To investigate the cause of the experimental error and the influence of an iron core on coil AC losses, transport AC losses of REBCO double pancake coil (DPC) assemblies coupled with an iron cylinder were measured. A 40-turn 1DPC and an 80-turn 2DPC assembly wound with 4 mm SuperPower wire were employed in the measurements. To ensure the same iron core loss using the HTS coil assembly and the copper coil, 2D finite element method simulations were conducted iteratively to design the iron core and the copper coil to get the same local magnetic field distributions in the designed iron core for the two cases. The main cause of the error is due to the difference in local magnetic flux densities in the iron core generated by the HTS coil assembly and the copper coil even when the ampere-turns of the coils are identical. We showed that the simulation-guided measurement method can assure accurate AC loss measurement in the HTS coil assemblies coupled with iron cores. Compared with the AC losses in the 1DPC and 2DPC coil assemblies without the iron cylinder, the presence of the iron cylinder significantly increases the coil losses. Frequency dependence is observed in the coil AC losses of the 1DPC and 2DPC assemblies when coupled with the iron cylinder. This is due to the eddy current induced in the iron cylinder generating a magnetic field, which influences the coil AC loss.
Additional file 3: Figure S1. of Transcriptomic analyses of the radiation response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma subclones with different radiation sensitivity: time-course gene expression profiles and gene association networks
Creators: name: Michna, Agata
name: SchĂśtz, Ulrike
name: Selmansberger, Martin
name: Zitzelsberger, Horst
name: Lauber, Kirsten
name: Unger, Kristian
name: Hess, Julia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Analyses of proliferation rates and cell cycle distribution. Proliferation curves of the CAL-33 parental cell line and the subclones SP and RP are shown in panel (A). Doubling times were determined in the exponential growth phase by semi-log regression. Cell cycle analyses were performed under exponential growth conditions (B). The dynamics of G2-arrest upon irradiation at 4Â Gy are shown in figure panel (C). (PDF 318Â kb)
Additional file 1: of Effects of a 12-month multi-faceted mentoring intervention on knowledge, quality, and usage of spirometry in primary care: a before-and-after study
Creators: name: Gupta, Samir
name: Moosa, Dilshad
name: MacPherson, Ana
name: Allen, Christopher
name: Tamari, Itamar
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Spirometry Knowledge Test. Spirometry knowledge test used in the study. (DOC 765 kb)
Ic measurement of twisted multifilamentary MgB2 wires with non-magnetic sheath over a wide range of temperatures and fields
Creators: name: Qiao, Y
name: Rindfleisch, M
name: Tomsic, M
name: Sumption, MD
name: Amemiya, N
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Strickland, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: All-superconducting rotating machines have the potential for meeting the high power density and high efficiency required for electrical aircraft applications. However, very high AC loss encountered in superconducting armature windings could hinder their development. Multifilamentary MgB2 wires are one of the promising candidates for the stator windings, due to their potentially low AC loss properties with small filament size and twist pitches. As the first step, the dependence of critical current and n-value on magnetic fields and temperatures Ic(B, T) and n(B,T), which are basic input parameters for AC loss simulation, needs to be measured. In this work, we present transport Ic measurements in three non-magnetic multifilamentary MgB2 wires (MgB2/Nb/CuNi/CuZn): one large wire with a 0.70 mm diameter and 25 mm twist pitch, and two small wires with a 0.48 mm diameter each and a 10 mm and 30 mm twist pitch respectively. A four-probe direct current method is used to measure Ic of the MgB2 wires with variations in temperature (15 – 35 K) and magnetic field (0 – 5.5 T). Full Ic data for the small wire with 10 mm twist pitch was obtained, and the n-values were mostly less than 20. While the Ic data for the large wire at low fields was more limited due to heating, the n-values were higher and could be up to around 100. The difference is attributed to the different filament sizes. Experiments also found that there is no significant hysteresis in the transport critical current measured by decreasing or increasing magnetic fields due to the non-magnetic sheaths. This non-hysteretic characteristic is critical for lowering AC loss because the additional losses from magnetic sheaths can be eliminated. From the magnetic-field dependence of critical current density, an empirical expression has been developed that provides suitable extrapolations to lower fields for the large wire.
AC Loss Reduction in HTS Coil Windings Coupled With an Iron Core Using Flux Diverters
Creators: name: Wu, Yue
name: Fang, J
name: Amemiya, N
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Long, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4008
subject: Electrical engineering

description: Iron cores are widely employed in high temperature superconducting (HTS) power devices to enhance the magnetic field and improve the power density. In spite of these benefits, the presence of iron cores leads to a substantial increase in AC loss within HTS coil windings. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the AC loss of HTS coil windings coupled with iron cores to propose methods for loss reduction. An effective way to reduce AC loss is to apply flux diverters (FDs) near the HTS coil windings. In this work, the 3D T - A homogenization method is used to calculate AC losses of the 1DPC (double pancake coil)-, 2DPC-, 4DPC-, and 8DPC assemblies at different currents with four ferromagnetic combinations: with an iron core (IC), with an iron core and FDs (IC FDs), with an air core (AirC), and with air core and FDs (AirC FDs). To weaken the impact of the iron core, the enlarged distance between the iron core and coil assemblies is considered to investigate AC loss dependence on this distance. In addition, the influence of the positions of FDs on AC loss reduction is also analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate that FDs can reduce the AC loss in coil assemblies, even when the iron core is present, owing to the reduction of the perpendicular magnetic field component in the end discs. For the 4DPC and 8DPC assemblies with IC, increasing the distance while using FDs, or decreasing the vertical gap between the coil assemblies and FDs, are effective in reducing AC loss.
AC Loss in REBCO Coil Windings Wound With Various Cables: Effect of Current Distribution Among the Cable Strands
Creators: name: Song, W
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Long, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4008
subject: Electrical engineering

description: To construct large-scale superconducting devices, it is critical to enhance the current carrying capability of superconducting coils. One practical approach is to utilise assembled cables, composed of multiple strands, for the winding. There have only been a few investigations of the dependence of current distribution among the strands on the AC losses of the cables and coils wound with these cables. In this work, we studied three types of cables; 1) 8/2 (eight 2 mm-wide strands) Roebel cable, 8/2 Roebel; 2) two parallel stacks (TPS) which have the same geometrical dimensions as the Roebel cable, 8/2 TPS; and 3) an equivalent four-conductor stack (ES) comprising four 4 mm-wide conductors, 4/4 ES. We proposed a new numerical approach that can achieve equal current sharing and free current sharing among the strands. We examined the loss behaviour of all three types of straight cables and two coil assemblies comprising two, and eight, stacks of double pancakes (DPCs) wound with these cables, respectively. 2D FEM analysis was carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics using the $H$ - formulation. The stacks were modelled in parallel connection, with the same electric field applied to all strands, so that current is distributed between the conductors. Simulated transport AC loss results in the straight 8/2 Roebel cable, 8/2 TPS and 4/4 ES were compared with previously measured results as well as each other. The numerical AC loss results in two coil windings 2-DPC and 8-DPC wound with the 8/2 Roebel cables were compared with the results in coil windings wound with the 8/2 TPS and 4/4 ES. No transposition was introduced at the connection between double pancakes, in order that current can be shared among the strands in the 8/2 TPS and 4/4 ES. The results indicate that AC loss in the straight 8/2 TPS and 4/4 ES is larger than that in the 8/2 Roebel cable. Current is more concentrated in the outer strands for the straight 8/2 TPS and 4/4 ES than the 8/2 Roebel cable and causes greater AC loss than the 8/2 Roebel cable. The 8-DPC coil winding wound with the 8/2 Roebel cable has the smallest loss and the coil winding wound with the 8/2 TPS has the greatest loss at two current amplitudes investigated. At 113 A, the AC loss value in the 8-DPC coil winding wound with the 8/2 TPS is 2.2 times of that wound with the 8/2 Roebel cable.
Market prospects for wood products certified for forest management and/or legality in Japan
Creators: name: Duran Rodriguez, Jorge Luis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Japan is one of the world’s major importers of wood products. Most of the wood entering the country is destined to Japan’s house building industry. However, Japan has been an indifferent market regarding demand of wood products certified for sustainable forest management. Current pressures that may indicate a shift in market conditions include: the recent economic recovery, increasing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and the new government’s public purchasing policies (PPP) titled Timber Procurement Policies. In order to assess the market prospect (in the next 5 years) for wood products certified as coming from sustainable and/or legal sources a study was completed focusing on Japanese home builders. Data was collected through a self administered mail survey of residential builders in Japan. Results show that there is a low level of understanding, as well as willingness to adopt, forest management certification among Japanese builders. Consequently, current market demand for certified products is low and builders expect little change in consumers’ demand for wood materials certified for sustainable management as well as those certified for legality in the next five years. Builders considered the most important potential drivers for increased demand for certified and/or legal wood products to be rigorously implemented public purchasing policies, followed by increasing final consumers’ demand and the growth in CSR. Builders also estimated that the positive impact of PPPs would be rather modest but widespread. Finally, builders indicated that PPPs would favour demand for certain product categories, such as: domestic wood, softwoods, wood from plantation and to a lesser degree wood from temperate forests.
Numerical study of the effect of anisotropy and field dependence of critical current on AC loss in REBCO coated conductors and stacks
Creators: name: Li, W
name: Jiang, Zhenan
name: Zhou, D
name: Cai, C
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: High-temperature superconducting (HTS) AC electrical devices generally carry AC transport currents and are exposed to AC external magnetic fields with arbitrary orientations. Realistic HTS coated conductors (CCs) show diverse critical current anisotropy and field dependence (Ic(B,θ)), which directly affect the superconducting behavior. However, under complex electromagnetic (EM) conditions, the discrepancies in AC loss characteristics caused by different Ic(B,θ) features are still unclear. Moreover, the selection of CCs with desirable Ic(B,θ) features to further reduce AC loss under various EM conditions remains overlooked. In this work, the transport AC loss (Qt) (without field), magnetization loss (Qm), and total AC loss (Qtot) of the nearly isotropic Shanghai Creative (SCST) CC and the strongly anisotropic Fujikura (FYSC) CC, along with their stacks, are investigated in the range of 90° and 90° (parallel to the CC wide surface) field angles based on the H-formulation. The results show that, due to the opposite angular dependence of Ic, the effective penetration fields of these two CCs or stacks exhibit distinct trends with the field angle, and the Qm in the nearly isotropic CC is less dominated by the perpendicular field component compared to that in the strongly anisotropic CC. Furthermore, due to the different field dependence of Ic at various field angles, the two CCs or stacks exhibit opposite flux flow loss behaviors with the field angle. Overall, the SCST CC and its stack show lower Qtot within the angle range around 0°, and this range expands as the external field increases, while the FYSC CC and its stack show lower Qtot at the remaining angles. This is further explained by analyzing the field distribution and Qtot of each tape in the stacks. This paper clarifies the discrepancies in AC loss caused by different Ic(B,θ) and identifies the applicable EM conditions for different REBCO materials to reduce AC loss, providing valuable references for material selection to minimize loss in HTS AC devices across different scenarios.
Additional file 1: of Communicating with conscious and mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a systematic review
Creators: name: S. Ten Hoorn
name: P. Elbers
name: A. Girbes
name: P. Tuinman
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: is a table presenting the detailed search strategy. (PDF 305Â kb)
Numerical determination of the threshold magnetic field in superconducting strips and coils triggering dynamic resistance
Creators: name: Sun, Yueming
name: Ma, Jun
name: You, Shuangrong
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: Abstract
 The threshold magnetic field is a key parameter for evaluating the current decay caused by dynamic resistance in superconducting windings and magnets. For a DC-carrying superconducting slab under an AC parallel magnetic field, the analytical theory clearly shows that there is only one electric central line (ECL) across the slab width at the onset of dynamic-resistance. However, threshold magnetic fields in superconducting strips and coils have not been fully investigated. Based onthe one-ECL criterion, this paper first presents a method for numerically determining the threshold magnetic field via the evolving internal magnetic field in superconducting strips and coils. By probing transient electromagnetic behaviours, interestingly, we found a distinctive feature of superconducting strips in which a wide region of zero electrical field is observed when dynamic resistance/loss initially occurs. With increasing magnetic fields, this region gradually shrinks and eventually become the ECL. More importantly, this numerical method can analyse the local threshold magnetic field in a targeted coil turn. The ability to quantify threshold magnetic field provides a clear guidance on the acceptable level of ripple and harmonic magnetic fields for coil windings in superconducting maglev trains and field windings of superconducting machines operating at persistent current mode.
Numerical simulations on the AC loss of REBCO stacks under rotating magnetic fields
Creators: name: Wang, Y
name: Fang, J
name: Haugan, T
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Storey, James
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: AC loss presents a significant challenge for high-temperature superconducting (HTS) rotating machines. To date, the behaviour of total AC loss (Qtol) (with current) and magnetization loss (Qm) (without current) in a single HTS tape under rotating magnetic fields (RF) have been explored. However, a research gap remains in understanding how these findings translate to the more complex HTS windings of rotating machines. Further exploration is needed to understand the loss behaviour of more complex HTS structures, such as HTS stacks. In this work, Qtol and Qm, in the HTS stacks under RF and a perpendicular AC standing wave magnetic field are numerically investigated. Two different RF models are considered: one is the Uni-RF model, characterized by a uniform field with equal field amplitudes and phases at each position, and the other is a non-uniform field created by a rotating Halbach array, referred to as the Hal-RF model. The dependence of AC loss on parameters such as the number of tapes in the stacks, tape width (2a), and the inclination angle (α) of tapes, which refers to the angle between the normal direction of the stack and the vertical direction, have been explored. The number of tapes in the stacks ranges from 1 to 16, α ranges from 0° to 90°, and the tape width includes 4 mm and 40 mm. Additionally, different rotating field directions are also considered. Interestingly, the analytical values from Brandt and Indenbom equation for Qm of a superconducting strip (BI-strip) are close to Qm results of the stacks under the standing wave at high fields, while they are over twice as high as those in the Hal-RF model at 1 T. This suggests the BI-strip equation is not reliable for predicting Qm under RF at high fields. We also show in the Hal-RF model that different rotation directions of the field lead to varying Qm and Qtol when asymmetric Jc (B, θ) data are applied. Moreover, it has been observed that the inclination angle has no impact on Qm under uniform RF while significantly impacts both Qm and Qtol in the Hal-RF model.
Numerical Simulations on AC Loss of the REBCO Tape Under Rotating Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Wang, Y
name: Fang, J
name: Sogabe, Y
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Storey, James
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4008
subject: Electrical engineering

description: REBCO coated conductors are exposed to rotating magnetic fields in various high-temperature superconducting (HTS) applications, such as HTS rotating machines and flux pumps. AC loss will be generated in the conductors when they carry AC current under rotating magnetic fields. We define AC loss in the coated conductors with and without current as total AC loss and magnetization loss, respectively. In this work, total AC loss and magnetization loss, in a REBCO tape under rotating magnetic fields and a perpendicular AC standing wave magnetic field are numerically investigated. We employ a 2D finite element method (FEM) based on the ${T} - {A}$ formulation, where ${T}$ and ${A}$ , are the current and magnetic vector potentials, respectively. In the simulations, the external magnetic field amplitude ( $B_{\mathrm {m}}$ ) is up to 500 mT and the reduced AC current ( $i$ = $I_{\mathrm {t}}/I_{\mathrm {c0}}$ ) varies from 0.1 to 0.9, where the $I_{\mathrm {t}}$ and $I_{\mathrm {c0}}$ are the amplitude of the transport current and self-field critical current of the conductor, respectively. Two different types of rotating fields are considered: one is a uniform field with equal amplitudes and phases at each position, and the other being a non-uniform field created by a rotating Halbach array. Different tape widths ranging from 4 mm to 40 mm are considered. Interestingly, the simulation results show substantially higher magnetization loss in the perpendicular standing wave compared to the rotating magnetic fields when $B_{\mathrm {m}}$ is over 100 mT. We attribute the result to the fact that the magnetization loss is propotional to $J_{\mathrm {c}}$ of the conductor at magnetic field amplitudes much greater than the effective penetration magnetic field. Evidently, the instantaneous loss curves of the SW model and RMF-Uniform model at 200 mT exhibited close similarity with evolving $J_{\mathrm {c}}$ values of the two models. Furthermore, when $B_{\mathrm {m}}$ is lower than the effective penetrated field, we observe a pronounced disparity in magnetization loss of the wider tape between uniform and non-uniform rotating fields. This highlights the importance of considering the effects of non-uniform field distribution, particularly at lower magnetic field. We further show that total AC loss under the perpendicular standing wave magnetic field remains greater than that under rotating magnetic fields when $B_{\mathrm {m}} > $ 100 mT and $i < 0.5$.
The transient voltage response of ReBCO coated conductors exhibiting dynamic resistance
Creators: name: Brooks, Justin
name: Ainslie, MD
name: Jiang, Zhenan
name: Pantoja, Andres
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Bumby, Christopher
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics
classificationCode: 4009
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
classificationCode: 4008
subject: Electrical engineering
classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Dynamic resistance can be observed in a superconducting tape carrying a DC current which is exposed to an oscillating magnetic field. This effect is attributed to the interaction between the transport current and moving fluxons, and can occur in various superconducting components including high temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pumps, fast-ramping magnets and HTS rotating machines. Although conventionally expressed in terms of a DC 'resistance,' the phenomenon is inherently transient in nature, and the voltage drop across the superconductor follows a time-dependent periodic waveform. Here we present experimental measurements of the dynamic resistance of different REBCO tapes carrying a DC current and exposed to an oscillating perpendicular field. Measurements of both the transient voltage waveforms and the time-Averaged DC resistances are compared with numerical finite element simulations obtained using the H-formulation. We observe clear variations between the voltage response from different tapes, which can be understood in terms of their differing J c(B, θ) dependence. In particular, a key feature of the experimentally measured waveforms is the emergence of a split 'double peak' at higher applied fields. Graphical visualisations of the finite element data show that this coincides with a periodic increase in J c(B, θ) throughout the tape. This occurs during each cycle at those times when the applied field falls below the shielding threshold of the tape (as the penetrating field within the tape then approaches zero). Our findings show that models which assume a constant J c irrespective of local field strength cannot capture the full range of behaviour observed by experiment. This emphasises the importance of employing experimentally measured J c(B, θ) data when simulating transient effects in HTS materials.
Additional file 1: of Research protocol for an epidemiological study on estimating disease burden of pediatric HIV in Belgaum district, India
Creators: name: Sinha, Anju
name: Nath, Anita
name: Sethumadhavan, Rajeev
name: Shajy Isac
name: Washington, Reynold
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Calculation of Net Inflation factor. (DOC 175 kb)
Additional file 1: of Elective cesarean section or not? Maternal age and risk of adverse outcomes at term: a population-based registry study of low-risk primiparous women
Creators: name: Herstad, Lina
name: Klungsøyr, Kari
name: Skjærven, Rolv
name: Tanbo, Tom
name: Forsén, Lisa
name: Åbyholm, Thomas
name: Vangen, Siri
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Women with the following medical conditions were excluded from the total population (primiparous women, gestational age ≥ 22 weeks or birth weight ≥ 500 g, n = 262,124 pregnancies, n = 267,373 births) to establish the low-risk population (n = 169,583). (DOC 56 kb)
Additional file 1: of Air pollution exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women in Massachusetts: a cohort study
Creators: name: Fleisch, Abby
name: Kloog, Itai
name: Luttmann-Gibson, Heike
name: Gold, Diane
name: Oken, Emily
name: Schwartz, Joel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Characteristics of Massachusetts mothers (1) overall, (2)
Additional file 6: Table S3. of Impact of selenium supplementation on fish antiviral responses: a whole transcriptomic analysis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed supranutritional levels of Sel-Plex®
Creators: name: D. Pacitti
name: M. Lawan
name: J. Feldmann
name: J. Sweetman
name: T. Wang
name: S. Martin
name: C. Secombes
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: List of transcripts showing the highest change in the HK of fish injected with poly(I:C) and dependent on prior feeding regime. The selection was based on the results of the GO analysis (Fig. 7). All the genes with corresponding microarray feature code1 found involved in a biological process significantly altered by the experimental diet in the HK were selected. If the transcripts were significantly modulated also in fish fed the experimental diet enriched with 4 mg Se Kg−1 by adding Sel-Plex and injected with poly(I:C)3, or in the same tissue of fish fed the control diet and injected with poly(I:C)4 , these values are given. Also the fold change of the expression of the same targets between these last two groups is reported, as given from Genespring software5. All the transcripts shown were significantly modulated at p
title: Jahresbericht 2013 / INM, Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien
title: Annual report 2013 / Leibniz Institute for New Materials
Creators: name: Weber, Günter
name: Arzt, Eduard
Publisher: name: INM
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 050 Zeitschriften, fortlaufende Sammelwerke

description: Vorwort:
das INM hat sich auch im Jahr 2013 dynamisch weiterentwickelt und einige herausragende Erfolge zu verzeichnen. Besonders freuen wir uns über die Einwerbung zweier großer Projekte: das Projekt NanoSpekt im BMBF-Nachwuchswettbewerb NanoMatFutur sowie ein ERC Advanced Grant des European Research Council. Beide stellen wir Ihnen in Highlightartikeln vor. Besonders sichtbar war das Institut durch die Organisation zweier internationaler Veranstaltungen: Die Konferenz Nanosafety 2013 drehte sich rund um das Thema Nanosicherheit, und das Symposium "New trends in steel making and steel design" beleuchtete aktuelle Entwicklungen der Stahlforschung. Die enge Verbindung zur Universität des Saarlandes wurde auf personeller Ebene weiter verstärkt. Volker Presser wurde zum Juniorprofessor in der Materialwissenschaft und Niels de Jonge zum Honorarprofessor in der Physik berufen. 2013 fiel auch der Startschuss für den ersten INM Fellow Guido Kickelbick, Professor für Anorganische Festkörperchemie an der Universität des Saarlandes. Roland Rolles, kaufmännischer Geschäftsführer am INM, hat das Institut Ende 2013 nach drei sehr erfolgreichen Jahren verlassen, um die Stelle des Vizepräsidenten für Verwaltung und Wirtschaftsführung an der Universität anzutreten. Das INM hat sein kürzlich erworbenes Zertifikat „audit berufundfamilie“ im vergangenen Jahr in erste konkrete Maßnahmen umgesetzt. Damit positionieren wir uns als familienfreundlicher Arbeitgeber und unterstützen die Anwerbung von qualifizierten Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern. Nur gemeinsam können Erfolge entstehen. Wir danken daher allen Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern für ihr ngagement. Auch unseren Partnern, Förderern und Freunden des Instituts danken wir für ihre Unterstützung.
description: INM Jahresbericht; 2013
A tale of two committees : evaluating collaborative management planning in Canada's Pacific groundfish fisheries
Creators: name: Davis, Neil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Governing agencies increasingly employ collaborative forms of decision-making in fisheries management to improve decision quality and legitimacy. However, crafting fair and effective collaborative processes which will achieve these benefits is often difficult. In an effort to identify keys and obstacles to success, this research evaluated the Commercial Groundfish Initiative, a collaborative planning process tasked with reforming the management of Canada's Pacific groundfish fisheries. Using semi-structured interviews, I gathered the perspectives of participants from the two committees within the process: a consensus-based committee of commercial representatives and a committee broadly representative of other interest groups for which consensus was encouraged but not mandated. Control over the design of a proposal for management reform was asymmetrically divided between the two committees, giving the commercial committee the primary role. Participants from the commercial committee expressed high levels of support for their consensus process. Keys to this committee’s success in reaching a high quality agreement were (i) a strong incentive to cooperate, (ii) consensus decision-making, and (iii) independent process facilitation. The latter two functioned as security measures against the potential for process manipulation by participants or governing agencies. Results from an examination of the broader committee indicate non-commercial respondents were largely accepting of an “oversight” role provided that the scope for their input remained sufficient, which it did not. Early involvement in tasks such as designing the process and defining objectives were particularly critical to non-commercial respondents’ perceptions of procedural fairness and their ability to participate effectively. Several participants also raised concerns that the process was not appropriately representative of groups with an interest in groundfish management. The poor performance of the process in these respects overshadowed positive aspects of broadening participation beyond commercial users. Consensus approaches have gained currency among commercial participants as a result of their positive experience and made some of them more willing to consider meaningful collaboration with a broader range of interest groups. The ineffectiveness of the broader committee suggests there is still work to do in designing processes that will actually achieve this meaningful, broad collaboration.
Damage assessment of unreinforced masonry walls using visual damage features
Creators: name: Sheikhi, Majid
name: Rezaei, Samane
name: Khaloo, Alireza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: Earthquakes can cause significant damage to structural components, particularly masonry structures, leading to potential collapse risks and extensive repair costs. The objective of this research is to investigate the damage state of unreinforced masonry walls using the visual damage features. In this study, visual damage features (i.e., crack length and crushed area) are extracted using computer vision tools. Then, the correlation of crack length and crushed area with the damage state of unreinforced masonry walls was assessed. According to the result of this study, there is a meaningful correlation between the damage state of unreinforced masonry walls and the extracted damage features. Thus, the proposed method has the potential to be used in automated post-earthquake damage assessment frameworks, allowing for decisions regarding repair and reconstruction following earthquakes.
Capacity development for local participation in community based natural resource management of Namibia : the #Khoadi //Hôas conservancy experience
Creators: name: Taye, Meseret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Namibia’s community based natural resource management program (CBNRM) integrates local participation in rural development and biodiversity conservation. This effort was launched through key legislation that devolved the right to manage wildlife and other renewable resources on communal lands from the state to community level conservancies. Local participation is dependent upon the capacity of the locals to self mobilize and establish conservancies, plan and implement their programs, and monitor and evaluate their progresses and impacts. Accordingly, this study examines the role of capacity development (CD) in CBNRM, particularly its processes, products, performance, and permanence at the individual, organizational (conservancy), and community levels. The research was carried out using interviews and participatory self-assessment exercises with various conservancy stakeholders. This study uncovers why and how capacity development has to be based on local realities and aspirations where capacity users need to have ownership of the process through partnerships with service providers in order to enhance endogenous capacity. However, such notion of “partnership” between CD stakeholders is challenging to translate into reality in the face of power imbalances, where government and NGOs are continuously influenced and coerced by donor interests, where NGOs are considered stronger than the government because they control more financial and human resources, and where conservancies tend to report upwards to NGOs and government instead of their constituents. Moreover, this research reiterates that CD has to be holistic enough to incorporate individual, organizational, and community level changes in order to create sustainable capacities and prevent problems of elitism, manipulation, and dependency on few individuals. With respect to CBNRM, the research argues that its basic premise of diversifying rural livelihoods using incentives to bring about sustainable resource management can only be achieved when conservancies have the capacity to create representative and participatory democratic processes, and when they are able to generate equitable and reliable tangible benefits with manageable costs to their constituents. As seen in this study, when such governance and benefit sharing structures are in place, they enhance local participation by promoting political empowerment, trust, ownership, and positive attitude towards living with wildlife. However, if such conditions are not met, local participation is reduced, while intra-community conflicts from marginalization to nepotism and members’ dissatisfaction and disinterest are inevitable.