cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reperti di Ankothrips mavromoustakisi Priesner in Sud Italia continentale (Thysanoptera Aeolothripidae)
Creators: name: Addante, Rocco
name: De Marzo, Luigi
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: REPORTS OF Ankothrips mavromoustakisi PRIESNER FROM CONTINENTAL SOUTHERN ITALY

Seasonal occurrence of Ankothrips mavromoustakisi adults and neanids (= larvae) was evaluated in a farm of Apulia region. In this farm, outbreak of neanids does occur on the rows of Cupressus sempervirens L. from the end of January up to the end of March, as long as cypress discharges its pollen. Adults were collected on the cypress canopy from the end of October to the end of February; they showed their higher occurrence at the end of December, when up to 500 adults were obtained sampling 30 branches at random from different rows of C. sempervirens.

The remarkable specificity of this thrips for C. sempervirens was evaluated comparing samples from adjacent rows of C. sempervirens and Cupressus arizonica Green. The latter were populated by few adults only and were found unable to sustain the development of neanids. Furthermore, no adult of A. mavromoustakisi was found on flowering plants other than cypress in the same farm throughout the year.

Results confirm the life cycle of A. mavromoustakisi to be comprehensive of a long starvation period (from March to November) in the soil, where full-grown neanids hide and built their own cell. Males seem to be absent in the examined population.

Key words: Thysanoptera, cypress, seasonal occurrence, host plant, starvation.

Osservazioni di campo e di laboratorio hanno riguardato un tripide di recente segnalazione per l’Italia, Ankothrips mavromoustakisi Priesner; esse sono state condotte su materiale raccolto presso un’azienda agricola in Puglia e attestano o suggeriscono quanto segue: (a) Cupressus sempervirens è la pianta-ospite preferita dagli adulti in fase trofica; (b) la medesima specie botanica è sede di ovideposizione e proliferazione delle neanidi; (c) gli adulti sono presenti sulle chiome dei cipressi da fine-ottobre a fine-febbraio, con un picco di densità intorno alla fine di dicembre; (d) le neanidi proliferano sulle branche di C. sempervirens per tutta la fase di emissione del polline; (e) C. arizonica non è utilizzato per la proliferazione; (f) il tripide è assente dalla parte aerea delle piante di qualsivoglia specie da fine-marzo a fine-ottobre; (g) in tutto questo periodo la specie è insediata al suolo.

Parole-chiave: Thysanoptera, cipresso, presenza stagionale, pianta-ospite, quiescenza.
description: Entomologica, Vol 35 (2001)
Icaunauna Martins & Galileo, 2009, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Martins, Ubirajara R.
name: Galileo, Maria Helena M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Icaunauna

description: Icaunauna gen. nov.
 Etimologia: Tupi, Iyka = rijo; unauna = besouro, alusivo à rigidez dos élitros.
 Espécie-tipo: Icaunauna aurantium sp. nov.
Fronte desarmada (fêmea). Mandíbulas com o ápice acuminado. Olhos não divididos. Lobos oculares superiores tão afastados entre si quanto o dobro da largura de um lobo. Antenas com onze antenômeros aproximam-se do ápice dos élitros (fêmea). Escapo subcilíndrico, mais curto (1,4 mm) do que antenômero III (1,7 mm). Antenômero III mais longo do que o IV. Antenômero IV mais longo do que o V; V-XI com comprimentos decrescentes. Antenômeros III e IV engrossados com franja interna de pêlos densos.
Protórax apenas mais longo do que largo; lados sem gibosidade. Pronoto sem tubérculos.
Élitros com duas carenas laterais contínuas e duas carenas dorsais. Pontos dos élitros organizados em fileiras. Margens elitrais ligeiramente expandidas na metade apical. Extremidades arredondadas.
Ápice dos metafêmures alcança o meio do urosternito II. Dente interno das garras tarsais normal, pouco menor que o externo.
 Discussão: O aspecto geral de Icaunauna gen. nov. lembra as espécies de Arixiuna Martins & Galileo, 1992 pelas carenas dorsais dos élitros e os antenômeros III e IV engrossados. Em Arixiuna, entretanto, os élitros apresentam única carena nos lados, enquanto que no gênero novo são duas paralelas e próximas.
description: Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2009, Novos táxons de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) neotropicais da coleção Herbert Schmid, Viena, Áustria, pp. 529-538 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (39) on page 535, DOI: 10.1590/S0031-10492009003900001, http://zenodo.org/record/13308341
Numerical investigation of near and far field ultrasound transducer radiation characteristics in concrete
Creators: name: Dethof, Fabian
name: Rabe, Ute
name: Kessler, Sylvia
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Simulation
Ultrasonic testing
Radiation characteristics
concrete

description: Concrete is the most frequently used material in civil engineering. Therefore, it also plays an important role for nondestructive testing methods like ultrasonic testing. In the past, Dry Point Contact transducers have proven to be very efficient transmitters and receivers for ultrasonic testing of concrete. The individual element consists of a spring-loaded ceramic tip, driven by a piezoelectric bimorph and oscillating either normally or laterally with respect to the component surface. In order to predict the resulting sound fields quantitatively, appropriate modelling is required. Analytic formulas for the wave fields derived from elastic wave theory are available. However, they usually only cover bulk waves (body waves) in the far field and discrepancies between calculated and measured directivity patterns are reported in the literature. We therefore conduct numerical simulations using the staggered-grid finite difference code EFIT to investigate radiation patterns of US transducers covering surface and bulk waves in the near and the far field. The simulations are performed in a heterogeneous, three-phased medium representing the material parameters and the mesostructure of concrete as well as in a homogeneous medium which has the material parameters for concrete. Sources used in the simulations were normal as well as shear force point sources. With this model, 2D and 3D radiation characteristics were evaluated at different distances to the source and compared to the existing theoretical and experimental literature. With the help of the simulations, a possible explanation between the reported differences in experiment results and theory was found.
title: Religion and relevance: The Baha'is in Britain 1899-1930.
Creators: name: Abdo, L. C. G.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2003

description: The subject of this thesis is an investigation of the Baha'i Movement in the British Isles during the first three decades of the last century, which is an hitherto un-researched subject. The first discovery is that the Baha'i movement was an inclusive supplementary religious movement, not requiring the renunciation of existing beliefs and connections, and in this it is to be sharply distinguished from the exclusive Baha'i Faith which was to follow. Through the use of archival material, journals, newspapers, books and pamphlets it has been possible to identify practically all of the eighty or so people who identified as Baha'is during the period. They were found to be, in most cases, many-sided colourful characters, who were linked by networks, which are identified and the particular nature of each discussed. The visits to Britain of the charismatic leader 'Abdu'l Baha to Britain are analysed, in particular for what he said and did, but also to establish the interplay of the networks during the visits. The First World War brought the break up of several networks and the death of 'Abdu'l Baha in 1921 brought the end of charismatic leadership. This marked the beginning of an administration which alienated those whom old age and infirmity had not already removed from the Movement. The demise of the Baha'i Movement meant there was almost no continuity between the Movement and the establishment of the Baha'i Faith in Britain around 1936. Theoretically, the exposition is made within a modified form of Sperber and Wilson's Theory of Relevance. Although networks are now a commonplace in sociological theory concerning religion, and the establishment of the administration a fine example of the routinisation of charisma, a supplementary religious movement of this kind which required no 'conversion' needed a new approach. The notion of degrees of relevance supplied this need. Accordingly a modified theory of relevance is developed in the Introduction and serves well to account for how the inchoate Baha'i message was disambiguated and enriched variously by the different networks. As the 'message' became clarified, for some relevance diminished. Not all religious relevance is cognitive and epistemological so the concept of ontological relevance is developed to account for the effect of the presence of a highly spiritual person. Finally 'Abdu'l Baha is found to be a master of relevance and his explanation of relevance is examined together with criticism of Baha'i missionary techniques on the grounds of excessive relevance.
title: Portugal and the Settlement of the Macau Question, 1984-1999: Pragmatism in International Negotiations.
Creators: name: De Oliveira Amado Mendes, Carmen Isabel
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2004

description: This thesis examines the manner in which the Portuguese Government formulated and implemented its negotiating strategy for the settlement of the Macau question with the People's Republic of China. The analysis is supported by theories of international negotiations. In addition to providing a detailed account of Portugal's negotiating strategy, the study highlights the impact that the Sino-British negotiations on Hong Kong had on the Sino-Portuguese negotiations. It also argues that the Portuguese side was mostly reactive: for domestic reasons, a key objective was to ensure that Macau's treatment was not worse than Hong Kong's, and in particular to ensure that Macau's transfer happened after Hong Kong. The thesis begins by examining the political background to the Macau question and the impact of the Hong Kong question on this. It then addresses the 1984-1987 Sino-Portuguese negotiations, which resulted in the signature of the "Joint Declaration of the Government of the Portuguese Republic and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Macau". Finally the thesis analyses important issues in the Sino-Portuguese negotiations during the 1988-1999 transition period, which ended with the transfer of Portuguese administration of Macau to China. Two types of issue are considered which clearly demonstrate the tensions in the Sino-Portuguese relations and show the position of the Portuguese side during the transition period: routine matters which were present in every Joint Liaison Group meeting, namely the policies of localisation, and more delicate issues. This includes (1) the arguments over the applicability of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to Macau; (2) the dispute over the construction of the Macau International Airport; and, (3) the conflict over the Orient Foundation.
Icaunauna aurantium Martins & Galileo, 2009, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Martins, Ubirajara R.
name: Galileo, Maria Helena M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Icaunauna
Icaunauna aurantium

description: Icaunauna aurantium sp. nov.
 (Fig. 9)
 Etimologia: Latim, aurantium = laranja, alusivo à cor do protórax.
Cabeça preta. Fronte pontuada (25x); parte superior com uma mancha de cada lado de pubescência amarelo-alaranjada, densa; parte inferior com pubescência amarelada mais esparsa. Faixa de tegumento preto entre os tubérculos anteníferos; restante da cabeça com pubescência amarelada, prolongada nos lados até a base dos lobos oculares inferiores, pretos desse ponto até as genas. Escapo e antenômeros II-IV pretos. Antenômero V amarelado com o ápice preto. Antenômeros VI-VIII com anel basal amarelado cada vez mais curto em direção aos apicais; antenômeros X e XI pretos.
Protórax com pubescência amarelo-alaranjado; de cada um dos lados da base, mancha preta prolongada até antes do meio. Metade inferior das partes laterais do protórax e do prosterno, pretas. Escutelo preto.
Élitros pretos. Pontuação elitral muito densa entre as carenas nos três quartos anteriores. Esternos torácicos e pernas pretos.
 Dimensões em mm, holótipo fêmea: Comprimento total, 8,7; comprimento do protórax, 1,5; maior largura do protórax, 1,4; comprimento do élitro, 6,6; largura umeral, 2,4.
 Material-tipo: Holótipo fêmea, Costa Rica, San José: Carretera Interamericana, km 77 em direção a Providencia (9°36’N, 83°53’W, 2.000-2.800 m), 20.IV.2005, C. & N. Barries col.
description: Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2009, Novos táxons de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) neotropicais da coleção Herbert Schmid, Viena, Áustria, pp. 529-538 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (39) on pages 535-537, DOI: 10.1590/S0031-10492009003900001, http://zenodo.org/record/13308341
Cotysomerida lampyroides Martins & Galileo, 2009, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Martins, Ubirajara R.
name: Galileo, Maria Helena M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Cotysomerida
Cotysomerida lampyroides

description: Cotysomerida lampyroides sp. nov.
 (Fig. 10)
 Etimologia: Nome específico alusivo à Lampyridae pelos urosternitos com pubescência branca que imitam órgãos luminescentes.
Cabeça com tegumento castanho-avermelhado e pubescência amarelada esparsa nos lados da fronte. Pequena mancha de pubescência amarelada entre os tubérculos anteníferos e grande mancha atrás dos olhos. Antenas pretas com os antenômero V-VII brancos; VIII-X pretos com anel estreitos de pubescência amarelada.Pêlos internos dos antenômeros V-VII branco-amarelados.
Pronoto revestido por pubescência amarelo-esbranquiçada densa, menos numa área transversal preta junto à base. Parte inferior das partes laterais do protórax, mesepisternos, mesepimeros, metepisternos com tegumento avermelhado. Mesosterno preto-avermelhado. Urosternitos I, II e V pretos; III e IV revestidos por pubescência branca. Élitros pretos com pontuação aparente apenas no dorso da metade basal. Fêmures preto-avermelhados. Tíbias pretas com as bases avermelhados. Tarsos pretos.
 Dimensões em mm, holótipo fêmea: Comprimento total, 12,5; comprimento do protórax, 2,4;; largura do protórax, na orla anterior, 2,9; largura do protórax na constrição basal, 2,6; comprimento do élitro, 9,3; largura umeral, 3,6.
 Material-tipo: Holótipo fêmea?, Costa Rica, Cartago: Tupanti (Estrada Rio Orosi, 1.200-1.500 m, 9°42 a 44’N 83°46’W), 05-09.V.2005, C. & N. Barries col.
description: Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2009, Novos táxons de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) neotropicais da coleção Herbert Schmid, Viena, Áustria, pp. 529-538 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (39) on page 537, DOI: 10.1590/S0031-10492009003900001, http://zenodo.org/record/13308341
title: Authority, knowledge and practice in unani tibb in India, c. 1890-1930.
Creators: name: Attewell, Guy Nicolas Anthony
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2004

description: This thesis breaks away from the prevailing notion of unani tibb as a 'system' of medicine by drawing attention to some key arenas in which unani practice was reinvented in the early twentieth century. Specialist and non-specialist media have projected unani tibb as a seamless continuation of Galenic and later West Asian 'Islamic' elaborations. In this thesis unam tibb in early twentieth-century India is understood as a loosely conjoined set of healing practices which all drew, to various extents, on the understanding of the body as a site for the interplay of elemental forces, processes and fluids (humours). The thesis shows that in early twentieth-century ummtibb the boundaries between humoral, moral, religious and biomedical ideas were porous, fracturing the realities of unani practice beyond interpretations of suffering derived from a solely humoral perspective. The principal objective of the thesis is to draw attention to the tensions manifest in different spheres of unani practice as certain practitioners reconfigured their knowledge and practices though the prisms of nationalist and communitarian politics, changing social and moral norms, the expanding use of print and colonial inspired models of legitimacy. These phenomena presented challenges to the authoritative practice of tibb as a local, family affair. Unani practitioners were forced to take stock of what they thought to be good, authentic and legitimate in order to represent this knowledge to the public on a vastly new scale; both to gain and maintain their trust and their custom, and in order to represent the credibility of their practices in new, less personalised administrative, judicial and political domains. The thesis emphasises the importance of the market in the reform of tibb during this time, an area which is especially important in the context of the collapse of courtly patronage for elite unani practice in most parts of India during the nineteenth century. The principal themes framed in this study are: plague and unani reform; legitimacy in relation to institutional and family practice; the emergence of Ubb as a 'national' enterprise; new engagements with women and change in the treatment of certain women's diseases; conceptualisations of male sexuality; and the role of the unani journal in the establishment of innovative practices and relationships with the public.
title: Protestant translations of the Bible (1714-1995) and defining a Protestant Tamil identity.
Creators: name: Israel, Hephzibah
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2004

description: The thesis aims to analyse the construction of a Protestant Tamil identity primarily through the examination of six Protestant translations of the Bible in Tamil and Protestant Tamil poetry. The chapters discuss the points of conflict that arose as a result of the different strategies of assimilation adopted by Protestant missionaries and Protestant Tamils. Chapter 1 has two main sections. The first section provides an outline of the various levels of influence that Catholic and Protestant missionaries had on Tamil language and literature. The second section gives an historical delineation of Protestant translations of the six Tamil Bible versions that the thesis discusses in detail. Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical debates on language, translation, and religious terminology that took place across the major Indian languages into which the Bible was translated in the nineteenth century. The chapter also looks at the pressures of the various institutions within which Bible translators worked and how far they affected the practice and theorising of Bible translation in nineteenth-century India. Chapter 3 focuses on the Tamil terms used in the different versions of the Tamil Bible. The discussion begins with the etymological history of each term and then moves on to consider why each one was either selected or created for use in the Tamil Bible. Chapter 4 is divided into two sections. The first section looks at nineteenth-century conflicts between missionaries and Protestant Tamils over the revision of the Tamil Bible and the alternative strategies used by some Protestant Tamil poets to translate Protestant concepts for Tamil culture. The second section looks at Protestant Tamil responses to twentieth-century revisions of the Tamil Bible as well as individual attempts to translate the Bible using means different from the official translation projects. My study aims to indicate that the formation of Protestant Tamil identity is part of intricate political and cultural processes by analysing a set of related questions regarding the translations of the Bible into Tamil: why do some religious terms acquire sacred status when translation at a formal level does not match the translation of religious culture? Why has the nineteenth-century version of the Tamil Bible, in particular, acquired symbolic power, and is perceived by Protestant Tamils today as the only translation able to mark boundaries of identity and otherness? To what extent have Protestant Tamils, as an interpretative community of faith, been responsible for the shaping of a Protestant Tamil vocabulary and identity? And finally, my research points to inadequacies in current translation theory from a post-colonial perspective and suggests areas that require critical attention.
CowScreeningDB: A public benchmark dataset for lameness detection in dairy cows
Creators: name: Ismail, Shahid
name: Diaz, Moises
name: Carmona-Duarte, Cristina
name: Vilar, Jose Manuel
name: Ferrer, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Lameness is one of the costliest pathological problems affecting dairy animals. It is usually assessed by trained veterinary clinicians who observe features such as gait symmetry or gait parameters as step counts in real-time. With the development of artificial intelligence, various modular systems have been proposed to minimize subjectivity in lameness assessment. However, the major limitation in their development is the unavailability of a public dataset which is currently either commercial or privately held. To tackle this limitation, we have introduced CowScreeningDB which was created using sensory data. This dataset was sourced from 43 cows at a dairy located in Gran Canaria, Spain. It consists of a multi-sensor dataset built on data collected using an Apple Watch 6 during the normal daily routine of a dairy cow. Thanks to the collection environment, sampling technique, information regarding the sensors, the applications used for data conversion and storage make the dataset a transparent one. This transparency of data can thus be used for further development of techniques for lameness detection for dairy cows which can be objectively compared. Aside from the public sharing of the dataset, we have also shared a machine-learning technique which classifies the caws in healthy and lame by using the raw sensory data. Hence validating the major objective which is to establish the relationship between sensor data and lameness.
Supprementation_search_stragtegies – Supplemental material for Supporting the Decision Making of Children With Cancer: A Meta-synthesis
Creators: name: Noyuri Yamaji
name: Suto, Maiko
name: Takemoto, Yo
name: Suzuki, Daichi
name: Lopes, Katharina Da Silva
name: Ota, Erika
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111403 Paediatrics

description: Supplemental material, Supprementation_search_stragtegies for Supporting the Decision Making of Children With Cancer: A Meta-synthesis by Noyuri Yamaji, Maiko Suto, Yo Takemoto, Daichi Suzuki, Katharina da Silva Lopes and Erika Ota in Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing
The smeared-horizon observer of a black hole
Creators: name: Nieuwenhuizen, Theodorus Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of observers is introduced that interpolate smoothly between the Schwarzschild observer, stable at spatial infinity, and the Kerr-Schild observer, who falls into a black hole. For these observers the passing of the event and inner horizon takes a finite time, which diverges logarithmically when the interpolation parameter $σ$ goes to zero. In the field theoretic approach to gravitation, the behavior at the horizons becomes regular, making the mass of the metric well defined.
description: 17 pages
title: A critical study of the poetry of Dhu'r-Rumma.
Creators: name: Muttalibi, Abdul Jabbar Yusuf
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1960

description: CHAPTER I This chapter contains an account of Dhu'r-Rumma' s life based on a study of the anecdotal material and its conflicting versions in relation to some passages in his diwan, together with the historical background with special reference to:- (a) His nickname of Dhu'r-Rumma. (b) The question of his acquaintance with the art of writing and the philologists' attempt to create the impression of his being illiterate, thus confirming that his language was pure and chaste and fit for citational needs. (c) A more or less chronological order of his contacts with his patrons. (d) A discussion of his love for Mayya and other women, establishing that Kharqa was not Mayya. (e) A review of the different anecdotes concerning his death and the story of his burial. CHAPTER II A discussion of his social and cultural background - his Bedouin character and simple behaviour, illustrated in his ready participation in the goy of the community and his attitude towards some philosophical and religious issues. CHAPTER III. An attempt is made here to draw a conspectus of the Bedouin school of poetry as a product of Bedouin life, based upon the flow of associated thoughts and images and projected on a desert background. This is followed by a discussion of Dhu'r-Rumma as a representative of his school belonging to it both by environment and culture, his place amongst its poets and his achievement together with a comparison of some of his themes with those of his predecessors and ending with descriptions of his desert environment. CHAPTER IV A discussion of his ghazal poetry as reflecting the influence of the 'Udhris as well as his own personal experiences, with some emphasis on his Bedouin ghazal in portraying Mayya as the embodiment of the Bedouin ideal of beauty and epitomising the mostoeautiful aspects of the desert as well. CHAPTER V His social relationships as illustrated in his panegyrics and satire, revealing that he was first and foremost an artist obsessed with singing of his feelings and emotions about his desert and about his beloved though responding in praise and satire to necessity and the pressure of tribal revelry respectively. CHAPTER VI A review of his artistic attitudes, and his poetical obsession; then his poetry as evaluated by his contemporaries and by literary critics subsequently. The study ends with a conclusion based on the main points of the previous chapters.
Potential of Land-Neutral Negative Emissions Through Biochar Sequestration
Creators: name: Werner, Constanze
name: Lucht, Wolfgang
name: Gerten, Dieter
name: Kammann, Claudia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Negative emissions (NE) are under discussion as elements of mitigation strategies aiming to achieve the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. However, biomass-based NE technologies such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) require vast land areas in order to meet the targets projected by climate economic optimization models, thereby competing with food production and ecosystem protection. Here we assess feasible NE contributions of alternative, more sustainable pyrogenic carbon capture and storage (PyCCS) based on land-neutral biomass production using biochar-mediated yield increases to maintain calorie production while realizing net CO2 extraction from the atmosphere. Simulations with a biosphere model indicate that such a land- and calorie-neutral PyCCS approach could sequester 0.44–2.62 Gt CO2 yr−1 depending on the assumed biochar-mediated yield increase achievable on (sub-)tropical cropland (15%, 20% and 30%, respectively). Cumulatively, by the end of the century, 33–201 Gt CO2 could be sustainably supplied by such an approach, equaling 6%–35% of the NE demand projected for trajectories likely to limit climate warming to 2°C or lower. Furthermore, additional areas dedicated to BECCS in integrated assessment scenarios could instead be used to increase global calorie production (by 2%–16%), or spared for nature protection (up to ∼ 100 Mha). Thus, land- and calorie-neutral PyCCS may, within limits, contribute to lessening the additional land use pressure of biomass-based NE technologies.
title: The political economy of labour in an African public enterprise: Dock workers and the development of the Sierra Leone Port Organisation.
Creators: name: Luke, David Fashole
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1983

description: This study is concerned with the problem of 'situating' lower paid workers within the political economy of an African state when these are workers in a public corporation which is in turn an integral part of a patron clientelist political and economic system. It is also a study of the responses of one of the largest groups of wage earners in Sierra Leone to their employment by a parastatal organisation. Two perspectives are considered; whether lower paid workers in African parastatals are employed (and exploited) in a capitalist mode of production (like Marx's proletariat) or, whether they are a part of a labour aristocracy (even a kleptocratic elite) which is parasitic on the peasantry. Neither of these perspectives seems fully appropriate. It is far from clear that parastatals (even in societies developing in the direction of capitalism) operate in the manner or by the criteria of capitalist enterprises, and consequently that the ideal or natural reponse of workers should conform to the classic Marxist model. On the other hand, it is far from clear that all public sector employees are non-productive, unexploited, or purely parasitic on the peasantry. A public corporation like the Sierra Leone Port Authority has, in the post-colonial state, been less geared to profit-making than to providing jobs for political clients. The provision of such political benefits via the public sector after independence has been limited less by financial than by political constraints and IMF pressure to reduce public spending on over-extended public bureaucracies. There is therefore a strong element of parasitism in the collective operation of such organisations and one from which lower paid workers might be considered in some ways to benefit. And, as we shall see, this does affect their attitudes. These factors are most accurately seen, however, as merely mitigating their exploitation since they do largely perform the labour entailed in providing a genuine service for commerce at low rates of renumeration (even when some graft is included). Moreover, there can be no doubt from socio-economic indices and from sociological observation of their way of life that they are very much a part of the urban poor. There are immediate differences between them and the peasantry over such issues as the level of official food prices but these are really subsidiary to the major conflicts between the interests of the political and administrative elite together with some capitalist business on the one hand and the low income rural and urban workforce on the other. This helps to explain the vitality of the trade unionism of the dockers.
title: Temne divination: The management of secrecy and revelation.
Creators: name: Shaw, Rosalind
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1982

description: Divination is approached as a means of defining and redefining people, events and cosmological beliefs through the management of agreement. Historically, the introduction of Islam and the assimilation of Manding and Fula 'strangers' into influential positions among the Temne was facilitated by Muslim diviners and charm-makers. In Temne thought, power and truth come primarily from outside the social realm and are channelled and controlled through the selective use of secrecy. Distinctions between the principal social categories, especially those of men and women, are also maintained through areas of secrecy. However, since secrecy can also conceal dangerous forces, particularly those of witchcraft and adultery, it is regarded as a potential threat as well as a necessity. Divination brings the hidden into the open, but the amount that it reveals is determined by two factors. Firstly, the numerous methods of divination used by the Temne are divided into those which are private, semi-private and public, the majority being private. Secondly, divinatory speech varies in its degree of specificity; in private divination diviners use restricted codes, while in public divination they use elaborated codes. Being mainly private, divination is regarded with considerable suspicion as well as respect. Diviners are very ambivalent figures, admired for their vision, power and access to 'truth', but suspected of using this power for destructive purposes through witchcraft and the use of bad medicine. Women form the majority of diviners' clients and are themselves regarded with ambivalence by men, who see them as necessary and valuable, particularly as childbearers, but also as potentially destructive through their possible adultery. Men say that women are excessively secretive, but women regard their secrecy positively and see it as essential for their protection. Diviners diagnose problems in terms of breaches in relations between people and between people and spirits or ancestors. By controlling what is revealed and what remains concealed, divination is able to either maintain or threaten the secrecy marking the division between men and women and between other social and cosmological categories, thus managing the definition of 'reality' in particular situations.
title: Determinants of population-resource relationships at village level: A study of two South Indian villages.
Creators: name: Wilde, Christopher Louis
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1982

description: The thesis is based on a study of two villages of contrasting resource bases located in Kambam Valley, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India. Field work was carried out in 1978/79, involving the collection of contemporary and retrospective data on population, agriculture and class variables. The thesis seeks to describe and examine the relationships between these three major variable groups, and the extent to which two identified externally operating factors, population increase and technological change, have affected the course of village development generally, Although it is not the primary objective to explain change in the light of the villages' differing resources, the extent to which the distribution of resources within the villages influences change is examined. The first part of the thesis seeks to describe the contemporary and changing nature of population, agriculture and class variables. Demographic change is traced both with the use of record data and an investigation of patrilineages. The analysis of agriculture involves especially an examination of the changes in intensity of cultivation and labour demand (especially with reference to changing agricultural technology). The investigation of class emphasises changing patterns of landownership and ownership mobility among patrilineages. The organisation of labour in the villages is also examined. The second part of the thesis examines the relationships between these variable groups, involving, especially, the relationship between land intensification and population growth within the village, the relationship between household organisation and landownership, and the relationship between land productivity and class distribution. The final chapter presents a general model of change drawn from data from the two sample villages. The potential weaknesses and relevance of this model to village change in general is examined in conclusion.
jbr_Supplemental_material – Supplemental material for Reduced VIP Expression Affects Circadian Clock Function in VIP-IRES-CRE Mice (JAX 010908)
Creators: name: Joye, Deborah A. M.
name: Rohr, Kayla E.
name: Keller, Danielle
name: Inda, Thomas
name: Telega, Adam
name: Harshida Pancholi
name: Carmona-Alcocer, Vania
name: Evans, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, jbr_Supplemental_material for Reduced VIP Expression Affects Circadian Clock Function in VIP-IRES-CRE Mice (JAX 010908) by Deborah A. M. Joye, Kayla E. Rohr, Danielle Keller, Thomas Inda, Adam Telega, Harshida Pancholi, Vania Carmona-Alcocer and Jennifer A. Evans in Journal of Biological Rhythms
title: The structure of Tibetan rural society.
Creators: name: Aziz, Barbara Norma
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: In this essay I examine the operation of social relationships in three kinds of Tibetan communities. The field and period are introduced in Part 1 by an historical review of Tibet and of the beliefs and practices which had become characteristic of Tibetan society. In the first chapter the politico-religious structure of Lamaism is traced from the introduction of Buddhism in the 7th century to the establishment of the Gelugs-pa church and Lhasa Government headed by the Dalai Lama. Then a brief description of the geography places the subject in its ecological context. In the second chapter, four major aspects of Tibetan religion considered particularly relevant to the main issues in this essay are outlined so as to provide some ideological framework of the society with which we are concerned. Having established the historical, physical and ideological framework within which the communities to be examined operated at the beginning of this century, attention is turned to the structural and organizational features of each of the three Tibetan communities. Each chapter of Part 2 then deals with one type of socio-political community. First the Lhasa administrative system is described. Actual social relationships are illustrated by the examination of the Lhasa government's social components: the nobility, the church, and the foreign powers operating within and around the key government offices - those of the Dalai Lama and Regent. In the next chapter, attention is turned to the operation of a local monastery in Tibetan society. First the distinctions as to types of monastic centres are made; then the general administrative structure of a model centre is described. The actual operation of a monastery and the relationships of its constituent elements are revealed when the office of the abbot is examined in detail. In the fifth chapter a similar approach is used to illustrate the nature of political relationships in the local lay community. There the office of village headman is the focal point to which social forces in the village and in the wider political community of the landlord are related. Finally, in Part 3, some conclusions are drawn about the distribution of power in Tibetan society. Certain features present in each of the three types of communities examined are compared and some suggestions are made about the nature of autonomy and competition in relation to the structure of Tibetan society.
Coherent phonon and unconventional carriers in the magnetic kagome metal Fe$_3$Sn$_2$
Creators: name: Gonçalves-Faria, M. V.
name: Pashkin, A.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Lei, H. C.
name: Winnerl, S.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Helm, M.
name: Uykur, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature- and fluence-dependent carrier dynamics of the magnetic Kagome metal Fe$_3$Sn$_2$ were studied using the ultrafast optical pump-probe technique. Two carrier relaxation processes ($τ_1$ and $τ_2$) and a laser induced coherent optical phonon were observed. By using the two-temperature model for metals, we ascribe the shorter relaxation $τ_1$ (~1 ps) to hot electrons transferring their energy to the crystal lattice via electron-phonon scattering. $τ_2$ (~25 ps), on the other hand, cannot be explained as a conventional process and is attributed to the unconventional (localized) carriers in the material. The observed coherent oscillation is assigned to be a totally symmetric A$_{1g}$ optical phonon dominated by Sn displacements out of the Kagome planes, and possesses a prominently large amplitude, on the order of 10$^{-3}$, comparable to the maximum of the reflectivity change ($Δ$R/R). This amplitude is equivalent to charge-density-wave (CDW) systems, although no signs of such an instability were hitherto reported in Fe$_3$Sn$_2$. Our results set an unexpected connection between Fe$_3$Sn$_2$ and kagome metals with CDW instabilities, and suggest a unique interplay between phonon and electron dynamics in this compound.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
title: An annotated translation of the Treasury of Good Sayings (Legs-bshad-mdzod).
Creators: name: Karmay, Samten Gyaltsen
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: The work of which I here offer a partial translation is a history of the Bon religion from its origins down to the lifetime of the author (1859-1935). The sections which I have left Untranslated are those dealing with the origins of the religion. I have preferred to limit myself to the sections concerning the spread of Bon (approximately the second half of the work) on the grounds that these are the sections most likely to be of interest to historians. The translated sections, therefore, concern the spread of Bon. The work divides this into three phases, interruption having been brought about by persecution and abolition on two occasions. The reassembly of the textual material dispersed at these times is a major object of attention. The sources of the work are numerous and varied and it is the principal aim of my notes to indicate them as fully as possible. In an introduction I have tried to make some assessment of the historical value of the work, to consider the extent of its reliability and factual accuracy, to define its scope and note its limitations.
Appunti di storia naturale sul coleottero ripicolo Carpelimus obesus (Kiesenwetter) (Staphylinidae Oxytelinae)
Creators: name: De Marzo, Luigi
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: SOME NOTES OF LIFE HISTORY ON THE LAKE SHORE DWELLING BEETLE, carpelimus obesus (KIESENWETTER) (STAPHYLINIDAE OXYTELINAE)

More than 200 adults of Carpelimus obesus were selected from plant debris on shores of the San Giuliano Lake in Matera (Basilicata, Southern Italy) and were fed in the laboratory. Here, females burrowed oviposition cells in the ground of vessels and released just 4 eggs at a time in every cell. After some 60 hours, eggs of single cells hatched at the same time, and 3 larval instars did follow. Larval development required about 25 days. Third instar larvae pupated into a hemielliptical cell, which they built by assembling small soil particles.

In the laboratory, both adults and larvae were observed to burrow tunnels, in the meantime they fed soil and released a remarkable amount of feces. Possibly, this behaviour does correspond to the feeding on the mud of the lake shore. So, masses of plant debris in the natural environment attract and recover beetles without directly providing them with food.

Author speculates about the factors impelling females to release a fixed number of egg in each cell; because neither the number of ovarioles nor vagina structure can explain this, he supposes a physiological regulation to be involved.

Key words: Carpelimus, laboratory observations, oviposition, feeding activity, anatomical features.
description: Entomologica, Vol 35 (2001)
Public_Perceptions_IQ_-_Appendices – Supplemental material for US Public Perceptions of an Intelligence Quotient Test Score Gap Between Black Americans and White Americans
Creators: name: LJ Zigerell
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, Public_Perceptions_IQ_-_Appendices for US Public Perceptions of an Intelligence Quotient Test Score Gap Between Black Americans and White Americans by LJ Zigerell in Political Studies Review
Validation of a slot-based High-Frequency Model of a Hairpin Winding Stator in Time-Domain
Creators: name: Scheuermann, Silvan
name: Doppelbauer, Martin
name: Hagemann, Bjorn
name: Jarosz, Antoine
name: Schmitz-Rode, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2022

description: The winding insulation system of inverter-fed electrical machines is exposed to electrical stress due to unpredictable transient overvoltages. Based on previous works, the present study validates a slot-based HF-hairpin stator lumped parameter model in time domain by transient voltage excitation. Further, different winding schemes were investigated concerning the voltage distribution within the windings. Special interest is given to the behavior at very high frequencies above the resonance frequency. Additionally, an advantageous winding scheme concerning the voltage propagation was identified.
title: A critical study of the Bengali grammars of Carey, Halhed and Haughton.
Creators: name: Qayyum, Muhammad Abdul
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1974

description: The purpose of the thesis is to evaluate the three grammars of Bengali of Halhed, Carey and Haughton. Chapter I outlines the history of grammars of Sanskrit and Bengali written both in Sanskrit and European languages, up to 1821, with general observations on trends discernible throughout the period. Chapter II gives the life of Halhed. Chapter III attempts, with the help of his private papers and manuscripts preserved in the British Museum, to reconstruct Halhed's steps in learning Bengali and preparing his grammar, and traces the materials he used and the contribution to his Grammar of his two Bengali informants. The purpose of Chapter IV is to ascertain Halhed's competence in Bengali and Sanskrit. Chapter V shows how Halhed modelled his grammar on the Persian grammar of William Jones. Chapter VI assesses Halhed's grammar comparing it with an earlier Bengali grammar, the Vocabulario, and shows how he was biassed in favour of Sanskritic Bengali. Chapter VII considers Halhed's two aims in writing the grammar, assesses its usefulness and also shows how Halhed established the relationship between Sanskrit and Bengali, the first step towards Sanskritisation. Chapter VIII, with the help of letters mostly found in Baptist Mission Society London and Baptist Chapel, Northampton, traces Carey's activities, his method of learning Bengali, and the role of his informant- teachers up to 1801. Chapter IX analyses the influence of Halhed's grammar on the 1st edition of Carey's Bengali grammar and the impact of Halhed's Sanskritisation on him. The second part of the chapter demonstrates further Sanskritisation in Carey's revised 2nd edition, which was modelled on his Sanskrit grammar. Chapter X and XI attempts to reconstruct Carey's method of compiling grammars and to determine the authorship of Carey's 2nd edition. Chapter XII describes Haughton's life and, in assessing his grammar, shows how most of the materials in it were taken from Halhed and Carey, thus precipitating further Sanskritisation. The conclusion states the significance of Sanskritisation.