cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Концепция устойчивого развития как стратегическая основа деловой репутации предприятий реального сектора экономики
title: Concept of sustainable development as strategic basis of business reputation for enterprises of real sector of economy
Creators: name: Трофимова, Наталья Николаевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2020

description: Предметом исследования выступает концепция устойчивого развития предприятий реального сектора экономики. Цель исследования – анализ влияния устойчивого развития на положительную деловую репутацию предприятий реального сектора экономики. Применение авторского подхода, основанного на комплексном системно-логическом методе, позволило выявить специфику применения концепции устойчивого развития для формирования деловой репутации предприятий. Автором систематизированы и дополнены глобальные цели устойчивого развития. На основании анализа предложены конкретные направления стратегии повышения устойчивости развития предприятий реального сектора экономики, которые будут способствовать укреплению их деловой репутации. Практическая значимость проделанной работы заключается в том, что она может послужить основой для дальнейших исследований в направлении, определяющем взаимосвязь концепции устойчивого развития и стратегии, формирующей деловую репутацию, а также может быть адаптирована к требованиям конкретного предприятия реального сектора экономики, учитывая специфику ведения его финансово-хозяйственной деятельности.
description: The article considers the concept of sustainable development of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. This study aims to analyse the impact of sustainable development on the positive business reputation of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. The use of the author's approach based on an integrated system logical method made it possible to identify the application specifics of the concept “sustainable development” in order to form the business reputation of enterprises. The author systematized and supplemented the global goals of sustainable development. Based on the analysis, specific directions of the strategy for increasing the sustainability of the development of enterprises in the real sector of the economy are proposed, which will contribute to strengthening their business reputation. The practical significance of this work is that it can serve as a basis for further research in the direction that determines the relationship between the concept of sustainable development and the strategy that forms a business reputation, as well as be adapted to the requirements of a particular enterprise in the real sector of the economy, taking into account the features of its financial and economic activities.
FAIR-IMPACT National Roadshow Norway - Data Interoperability: From Discussion to Practices in Norway
Creators: name: Kalaitzi, Vasso
name: Hagen Blixhavn, Camilla
name: Orten, Hilde
name: Juacaba, Renato
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The FAIR-IMPACT National Roadshow series visited Norway on 16 September 2024.

This hybrid event was hosted at the Digital Scholarship Centre, University of Oslo Library, in Oslo, Norway.

The Roadshow, part of the ReproducibiliTea initiative organised by early-career researchers at the University of Oslo, features informal discussions focussed on sharing research papers, projects, and ongoing work from the University and other institutions across Norway. It fosters engagement among students, researchers, and data practitioners.

The Norwegian National Roadshow reviewed some of the most debated projects and showcased best practices for transferring Open Science principles between early-career researchers and data stewards.

Find more details on the event page here.
New Tests of Millilensing in the Blazar PKS 1413+135
Creators: name: Peirson, A. L.
name: Liodakis, I.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Lister, M. L.
name: Perlman, E. S.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Blandford, R. D.
name: Grainge, K. J. B.
name: Green, D. A.
name: Gurwell, M. A.
name: Hodges, M. W.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Kiehlmann, S.
name: Lähteenmäki, A.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Mcaloone, T.
name: O'Neill, S.
name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Ravi, V.
name: Reeves, R. A.
name: Scott, P. F.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Titterington, D. J.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Vedantham, H. K.
name: Wilkinson, P. N.
name: Williams, D. T.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetric Achromatic Variability (SAV) is a rare form of radio variability in blazars that has been attributed to gravitational millilensing by a ~$10^2 - 10^5$ $M_\odot$ mass condensate. Four SAVs have been identified between 1980 and 2020 in the long-term radio monitoring data of the blazar PKS 1413+135. We show that all four can be fitted with the same, unchanging, gravitational lens model. If SAV is due to gravitational millilensing, PKS 1413+135 provides a unique system for studying active galactic nuclei with unprecedented microarcsecond resolution, as well as for studying the nature of the millilens itself. We discuss two possible candidates for the putative millilens: a giant molecular cloud hosted in the intervening edge-on spiral galaxy, and an undetected dwarf galaxy with a massive black hole. We find a significant dependence of SAV crossing time on frequency, which could indicate a fast shock moving in a slower underlying flow. We also find tentative evidence for a 989-day periodicity in the SAVs, which, if real, makes possible the prediction of future SAVs: the next three windows for possible SAVs begin in August 2022, May 2025, and February 2028.
description: Accepted to ApJ
What Makes the Price of Oats
Creators: name: Killough, Hugh B.
name: Killough, Hugh B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1925
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report: The market price of oats, like the prices of all other farm products, changes from year to year, season to season, month to month, and day to day. It is commonly recognized that these price changes are caused by changes in supply or demand, or both; but the general phrase "supply and demand" furnishes no precise explanation of given variations in price. A detailed study is necessary to define the supply, allocate the demand, and furnish quantitative measures of the influence of the various price-making forces.
The Gas-Star Formation Cycle in Nearby Star-forming Galaxies II. Resolved Distributions of CO and H$α$ Emission for 49 PHANGS Galaxies
Creators: name: Pan, Hsi-An
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Hughes, Annie
name: Leroy, Adam
name: Groves, Brent
name: Barnes, Ashley Thomas
name: Belfiore, Francesco
name: Bigiel, Frank
name: Blanc, Guillermo A.
name: Cao, Yixian
name: Chevance, Melanie
name: Congiu, Enrico
name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Eibensteiner, Cosima
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Faesi, Christopher M.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Grasha, Kathryn
name: Herrera, Cinthya N.
name: Ho, I-Ting
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Lang, Philipp
name: Liu, Daizhong
name: McElroy, Rebecca
name: Meidt, Sharon E.
name: Murphy, Eric J.
name: Pety, Jerome
name: Querejeta, Miguel
name: Razza, Alessandro
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Saito, Toshiki
name: Santoro, Francesco
name: Schruba, Andreas
name: Sun, Jiayi
name: Tomicic, Neven
name: Usero, Antonio
name: Utomo, Dyas
name: Williams, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative distribution of molecular gas and star formation in galaxies gives insight into the physical processes and timescales of the cycle between gas and stars. In this work, we track the relative spatial configuration of CO and H$α$ emission at high resolution in each of our galaxy targets, and use these measurements to quantify the distributions of regions in different evolutionary stages of star formation: from molecular gas without star formation traced by H$α$ to star-forming gas, and to HII regions. The large sample, drawn from the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS ALMA and narrowband H$α$ (PHANGS-ALMA and PHANGS-H$α$) surveys, spans a wide range of stellar mass and morphological types, allowing us to investigate the dependencies of the gas-star formation cycle on global galaxy properties. At a resolution of 150 pc, the incidence of regions in different stages shows a dependence on stellar mass and Hubble type of galaxies over the radial range probed. Massive and/or earlier-type galaxies exhibit a significant reservoir of molecular gas without star formation traced by H$α$, while lower-mass galaxies harbor substantial HII regions that may have dispersed their birth clouds or formed from low-mass, more isolated clouds. Galactic structures add a further layer of complexity to relative distribution of CO and H$α$ emission. Trends between galaxy properties and distributions of gas traced by CO and H$α$ are visible only when the observed spatial scale is $\ll$ 500 pc, reflecting the critical resolution requirement to distinguish stages of star formation process.
description: 60 pages, 22 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Principle of Maximum Fisher Information from Hardy's Axioms Applied to Statistical Systems
Creators: name: Frieden, B. R.
name: Gatenby, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a finite-sized, multidimensional system in parameter state a. The system is either at statistical equilibrium or general non-equilibrium, and may obey either classical or quantum physics. L. Hardy's mathematical axioms provide a basis for the physics obeyed by any such system. One axiom is that the number N of distinguishable states a in the system obeys N=max. This assumes that N is known as deterministic prior knowledge. However, most observed systems suffer statistical fluctuations, for which N is therefore only known approximately. Then what happens if the scope of the axiom N=max is extended to include such observed systems? It is found that the state a of the system must obey a principle of maximum Fisher information, I=I_{max}. This is important because many physical laws have been derived, assuming as a working hypothesis that I=I_{max}. These derivations include uses of the principle of Extreme physical information (EPI). Examples of such derivations were of the De Broglie wave hypothesis, quantum wave equations, Maxwell's equations, new laws of biology (e.g. of Coulomb force-directed cell development, and of in situ cancer growth), and new laws of economic fluctuation and investment. That the principle I=I_{max} itself derives, from suitably extended Hardy axioms, thereby eliminates its need to be assumed in these derivations. Thus, uses of I=I_{max} and EPI express physics at its most fundamental level -- its axiomatic basis in math.
description: 17 pages, no figures
Parton distribution function for topological charge at one loop
Creators: name: Radyushkin, Anatoly
name: Zhao, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the $gg$-part of the one-loop corrections to the recently introduced "topological charge" GPD $\widetilde F(x,q^2)$. In particular, we give expression for its evolution kernel. To enforce strict compliance with the gauge invariance requirements, we have used on-shell states for external gluons, and have obtained identical results both in Feynman and light-cone gauges. No "zero mode" $δ(x)$ terms were found for the twist-4 gluon GPD $\widetilde F(x,q^2)$.
OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE CASCADED WADECHA-BELBELA RESERVOIR SYSTEM
Creators: name: WAKENA TOTOBA OLANI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006

description: Wadecha-Belbela reservoir system is located in Oromia Region, East Shoa

zone, Adaa Liben woreda serving as a water source of 1600ha irrigation

projects. The irrigation system under the reservoir system is increasing

progressively during the past decades. The expansion of irrigation development

without the knowledge of the water source will have the outcome of agricultural

yield reduction and water stress. Inadequate knowledge on operation of the

reservoir has been leading to inefficient usage of stored water.

This study focuses mainly on the description and assessment of water

resources of the woreda based on climate, land and water information,

estimation of irrigation water requirements of the reservoir system irrigation

projects, and operational analysis of the reservoir system by the application of

reservoir system simulation model (HEC-ResSim).
The First Near-Infrared Transmission Spectrum of HIP 41378 f, a Low-Mass Temperate Jovian World in a Multi-Planet System
Creators: name: Alam, Munazza K.
name: Kirk, James
name: Dressing, Courtney D.
name: Lopez-Morales, Mercedes
name: Ohno, Kazumasa
name: Gao, Peter
name: Akinsanmi, Babatunde
name: Santerne, Alexandre
name: Grouffal, Salome
name: Adibekyan, Vardan
name: Barros, Susana C. C.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Dai, Fei
name: Deleuil, Magali
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Lillo-Box, Jorge
name: Marley, Mark
name: Mayo, Andrew W.
name: Mortier, Annelies
name: Santos, Nuno C.
name: Sousa, Sergio G.
name: Turtelboom, Emma V.
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
name: Vanderburg, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a near-infrared transmission spectrum of the long period (P=542 days), temperate ($T_{eq}$=294 K) giant planet HIP 41378 f obtained with the Wide-Field Camera 3 (WFC3) instrument aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). With a measured mass of 12 $\pm$ 3 $M_{\oplus}$ and a radius of 9.2 $\pm$ 0.1 $R_{\oplus}$, HIP 41378 f has an extremely low bulk density (0.09 $\pm$ 0.02 g/cm$^{3}$). We measure the transit depth with a median precision of 84 ppm in 30 spectrophotometric channels with uniformly-sized widths of 0.018 microns. Within this level of precision, the spectrum shows no evidence of absorption from gaseous molecular features between 1.1-1.7 microns. Comparing the observed transmission spectrum to a suite of 1D radiative-convective-thermochemical-equilibrium forward models, we rule out clear, low-metallicity atmospheres and find that the data prefer high-metallicity atmospheres or models with an additional opacity source such as high-altitude hazes and/or circumplanetary rings. We explore the ringed scenario for this planet further by jointly fitting the K2 and HST light curves to constrain the properties of putative rings. We also assess the possibility of distinguishing between hazy, ringed, and high-metallicity scenarios at longer wavelengths with JWST. HIP 41378 f provides a rare opportunity to probe the atmospheric composition of a cool giant planet spanning the gap between the Solar System giants, directly imaged planets, and the highly-irradiated hot Jupiters traditionally studied via transit spectroscopy.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJL. Please also see companion paper Ohno & Fortney (2022) for further details on the ring modeling methodology (arxiv DOI: 2201.02794)
The SLUGGS Survey: HST/ACS Mosaic Imaging of the NGC 3115 Globular Cluster System
Creators: name: Jennings, Zachary G.
name: Strader, Jay
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Arnold, Jacob A.
name: Lin, Dacheng
name: Irwin, Jimmy A.
name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
name: Wong, Ka-Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST/ACS $g$ and $z$ photometry and half-light radii $R_{\rm h}$ measurements of 360 globular cluster (GC) candidates around the nearby S0 galaxy NGC 3115. We also include Subaru/Suprime-Cam $g$, $r$, and $i$ photometry of 421 additional candidates. The well-established color bimodality of the GC system is obvious in the HST/ACS photometry. We find evidence for a "blue tilt" in the blue GCs, wherein the blue GCs get redder as luminosity increases, indicative of a mass-metallicity relationship. We find a color gradient in both the red and blue subpopulations, with each group of clusters becoming bluer at larger distances from NGC 3115. The gradient is of similar strength in both subpopulations, but is monotonic and more significant for the blue clusters. On average, the blue clusters have ~10% larger $R_{\rm h}$ than the red clusters. This average difference is less than is typically observed for early-type galaxies but does match that measured in the literature for M104, suggesting that morphology and inclination may affect the measured size difference between the red and blue clusters. However, the scatter on the $R_{\rm h}$ measurements is large. We also identify 31 clusters more extended than typical GCs, which we consider ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) candidates. Many of these objects are fainter than typical UCDs. While it is likely that a significant number will be background contaminants, six of these UCD candidates are spectroscopically confirmed. To explore low-mass X-ray binaries in the GC system, we match our ACS and Suprime-Cam detections to corresponding Chandra X-ray sources. We identify 45 X-ray - GC matches, 16 among the blue subpopulation and 29 among the red subpopulation. These X-ray/GC coincidence fractions are larger than is typical for most GC systems, probably due to the increased depth of the X-ray data compared to previous studies of GC systems.
description: 16 Pages, 14 Figures, 3 Tables. Accepted to AJ
First images of phosphorus molecules towards a proto-Solar analog
Creators: name: Bergner, Jennifer B.
name: Burkhardt, Andrew M.
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Rice, Thomas S.
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemistry of phosphorus in star- and planet-forming regions is poorly understood, despite the central role of phosphorus in terrestrial biochemistry. We present ALMA Band 3 and 4 observations of PO and PN towards the Class I protostar B1-a, representing the first spatially resolved observations of phosphorus carriers towards a Solar-type star forming region. The phosphorus molecules emit from two distinct clumps, which coincide with regions where the protostellar outflow (traced by SiO) interacts with a filament of dense gas (traced by CCS). Thus, the gas-phase phosphorus seems to originate from the shocking of dense interstellar clumps. Based on the observed emission patterns, PO and PN appear to be daughter products of a solid phosphorus carrier with an intermediate volatility between ices and silicate grains. Interstellar shocks may therefore play an important role in converting semi-refractory phosphorus to a more volatile form prior to incorporation into cometary ices. Indeed, the (PO+PN)/CH3OH ratio is similar in B1-a and comet 67P, implying a comparable reservoir of volatile phosphorus. The PO/PN ratio ranges from ~1-8 across B1-a. The northern emission clump exhibits a lower PO/PN ratio and weaker 13CH3OH emission than southern clump, indicating distinct shock physics and chemistry at the two positions. Resolved observations of P carriers towards additional sources are needed to better understand what regulates such variations in the PO/PN ratio in protostellar environments.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Heterotic NS5-branes from closed string tachyon condensation
Creators: name: García-Etxebarria, Iñaki
name: Montero, Miguel
name: Uranga, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to construct the familiar heterotic NS5 brane as a topological soliton in a supercritical version of heterotic string theory. Closed string tachyon condensation removes the extra dimensions, leaving the NS5 in 10d, in a process highly reminiscent of the K-theoretical description of type II D-branes, but linking non-trivial gauge bundles and geometry. The construction requires a modification of the anomalous Bianchi identity for $H_3$ in supercritical heterotic string theory. We give various proofs for the existence of this modification.
description: 5 pages
Flussauen: Renaturierung und ihre Bedeutung als CO2-Senken
Creators: name: Günther-Diringer, Detlef
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Riverine floodplains, renaturation, CO2 sink, riverine floodplains destroyed, biological diversity, CO2 sinks, floodplain restoration.

description: Riverine floodplains - Renaturation and its importance as a CO2 sink: Floodplains, the natural areas that occur along every river and can be flooded by high water, have been largely destroyed by human activities in Germany. Only 30%, on large rivers such as the Rhine and Elbe only 20%, are available for the natural alternation of high and low water. And this despite the fact that intact floodplains have a high biological diversity, improve water quality, offer natural flood protection, serve the recreational function for people and as CO2 sinks for climate protection. Possibilities are shown how CO2 reduction can be achieved through floodplain restoration.
Astrometric Science with the next-generation EHT; opportunities and requirements
Creators: name: Dodson, Richard
name: Rioja, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Astrometry at the very highest of frequencies is an unexplored frontier for VLBI observations. Astrometry is vital to connect observations at different times and different frequencies. The former is used for measuring proper motions and parallaxes to derive distances to the targets - and thus their physical characteristics. The latter is to reference two images at different frequencies together, which is equally important. No spectral index or rotation measure is valid if the observations are not registered.

 

One of the exciting new facilities that will be available in the near term is the next generation Event Horizon Telescope. This has recently been extended so that multiple frequencies will be observed simultaneously; 86-, 230- and 340-GHz. Multi-frequency observations result in a transformational boost in the capabilities of the ngEHT, providing the vital phase referenced registration between frequencies.

 

We will describe how this new capability will allow ultra-precise bona-fide astrometric studies, based on simulations.  We will report on our first attempts to apply frequency phase transfer at mm-wavelengths. In addition we will discuss MultiView astrometry, which was designed for `lower' frequencies, but we are also pushing it towards mm-wavelengths, with observations at 43GHz and proposals for 86GHz. The combination of these techniques would offer all varities of astrometric measurements at these extreme frequencies, and thus investigations of the most extreme of physical conditions.
The variation of the gas content of galaxy groups and pairs compared to isolated galaxies
Creators: name: Roychowdhury, Sambit
name: Meyer, Martin J.
name: Rhee, Jonghwan
name: Zwaan, Martin A.
name: Chauhan, Garima
name: Davies, Luke J. M.
name: Bellstedt, Sabine
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Dodson, Richard
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Hopkins, Andrew M.
name: Lara-Lopez, Maritza A.
name: Lopez-Sanchez, Angel R.
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Rozgonyi, Kristof
name: Whiting, Matthew T.
name: Wright, Angus H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure how the atomic gas (HI) fraction ($f_{HI}={\rm \frac{M_{HI}}{M_{*}}}$) of groups and pairs taken as single units vary with average stellar mass ($\langle {\rm M_*} \rangle$) and average star-formation rate ($\langle {\rm SFR} \rangle$), compared to isolated galaxies. The HI 21 cm emission observation are from (i) archival ALFALFA survey data covering three fields from the GAMA survey (provides environmental and galaxy properties), and (ii) DINGO pilot survey data of one of those fields. The mean $f_{HI}$ for different units (groups/pairs/isolated galaxies) are measured in regions of the log($\langle {\rm M_*} \rangle$) -- log($\langle {\rm SFR} \rangle$) plane, relative to the z $\sim 0$ star-forming main sequence (SFMS) of individual galaxies, by stacking $f_{HI}$ spectra of individual units. For ALFALFA, $f_{HI}$ spectra of units are measured by extracting HI spectra over the full groups/pair areas and dividing by the total stellar mass of member galaxies. For DINGO, $f_{HI}$ spectra of units are measured by co-adding HI spectra of individual member galaxies, followed by division by their total stellar mass. For all units the mean $f_{HI}$ decreases as we move to higher $\langle {\rm M_*} \rangle$ along the SFMS, and as we move from above the SFMS to below it at any $\langle {\rm M_*} \rangle$. From the DINGO-based study, mean $f_{HI}$ in groups appears to be lower compared to isolated galaxies for all $\langle {\rm M_*} \rangle$ along the SFMS. From the ALFALFA-based study we find substantially higher mean $f_{HI}$ in groups compared to isolated galaxies (values for pairs being intermediate) for ${\langle{\rm M_*}\rangle}\lesssim10^{9.5}~{\rm M_{\odot}}$, indicating the presence of substantial amounts of HI not associated with cataloged member galaxies in low mass groups.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Main text: 26 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables
Analysis of Economic Growth and Income Inequality
Creators: name: Pradip Hayu, M.S., Nima Zahadat, Ph.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Analysis of Economic Growth and Income Inequality

This is a data mining project to help users understand the relationship between economic growth and income inequality. The .pdf document under the files section provides a comprehensive overview of the project with all the images. Please kindly download the data/code.zip folder to view the datasets and codes which were used for the project. Both datasets were obtained from the World Bank Open Database and were Excel files. The first dataset shows GDP per capita (US $) for all the countries of the world from 1960 to 2017. It will serve as income per person of each country of the world. Similarly, the other dataset is the GDP per capita growth (annual %) which contains the data for all the countries of the world for the same time period, 1960 to 2017. This dataset will be used as an indicator to find the economic growth percentage of each country. For the purpose of this project, the data for the years 2010-2016 were selected and analyzed.

Conclusion

Income inequality is a global issue. The result of this study revealed that there is no particular relationship between income inequality and economic growth. The impact of income inequality on economic growth is nonlinear as the change in economic growth does not correspond with a constant change in income inequality or vice versa. The relationship between the two seems unpredictable or virtually absent. For the majority of the countries observed in this study, the increase or decrease in income per person and economic growth did not follow a consistent pattern. Pakistan was the only exception. A positive correlation was observed between the income per person (US $) and economic growth (annual %) of Pakistan since both of those variables were increasing constantly for the years compared, 2010 - 2016. However, it is also important to note that Pakistan is one of the poorest nations of the world, and those increasing numbers or percentages were relatively small.
Tidal erasure of stellar obliquities constrains the timing of hot Jupiter formation
Creators: name: Spalding, Christopher
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars with hot Jupiters sometimes have high obliquities, which are possible relics of hot Jupiter formation. Based on the characteristics of systems with and without high obliquities, it is suspected that obliquities are tidally damped when the star has a thick convective envelope, as is the case for main-sequence stars cooler than ~6100K, and the orbit is within ~8 stellar radii. A promising theory for tidal obliquity damping is the dissipation of inertial waves within the star's convective envelope. Here, we consider the implications of this theory for the timing of hot Jupiter formation. Specifically, hot stars that currently lack a convective envelope possess one during their pre-main sequence. We find that hot Jupiters orbiting within a critical distance of ~0.02au from a misaligned main-sequence star lacking a thick convective envelope must have acquired their tight orbits after a few tens of millions of years in order to have retained their obliquities throughout the pre-main-sequence. There are 4 known systems for which this argument applies--XO-3b, Corot-3b, WASP-14b, and WASP-121b--subject to uncertainties surrounding inertial wave dissipation. Moreover, we conclude that a recently-identified overabundance of near-polar hot Jupiters is unlikely sculpted by tides, instead reflecting their primordial configuration. Finally, hot Jupiters arriving around cool stars after a few 100s of millions of years likely find the host star rotating too slowly for efficient obliquity damping. We predict that the critical effective temperature separating aligned and misaligned stars should vary with metallicity, from 6300K to 6000K as [Fe/H] varies from -0.3 to +0.3.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Renaturierung und Aufforstung von Mangroven-Wäldern und ihre Bedeutung als CO2-Senken
Creators: name: Fickert, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: mangrove-renaturation, mangrove forests, mangrove reforestation, mangrove: co2 sinks, tidal forests, high carbon sequestering, climate change mitigation, threatened ecosystem

description: Renaturation and reforestation of mangrove forests and their importance as CO2 sinks: Mangroves, the tidal forests along tropical and subtropical coastlines, allocate a disproportionately high amount of carbon per area unit compared to other forest biomes of the world. Thus, mangroves are considered an important nature-based tool for climate change mitigation by their high carbon sequestering capacity. On the other hand, mangroves are one of the most seriously threatened ecosystem of the world due to deforestation and anthropogenic conversion, with loss rates higher than those of tropical rain forests – potential carbon sinks become carbon sources, amplifying climate change. As mangroves achieve many other ecosystem services beside sequestering CO2, initiatives and projects for the rehabilitation of disturbed or lost former mangrove forests increased in recent times. As these measures are labor-intensive and often not successful, they must be critically considered. In addition, as mangroves are spatially restricted by very distinct site conditions, their effect for carbon sequestration on a global scale is limited. On a local scale, however, in particular for countries with low CO2-emissions and extensive coastlines, mangroves can play a more substantial role for climate change mitigation, if deforestation of mangroves is stopped, their areal extent enlarged and additional programs for reducing CO2-emissions are implemented.
Frontier Fields: High-Redshift Predictions and Early Results
Creators: name: Coe, Dan
name: Bradley, Larry
name: Zitrin, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Frontier Fields program is obtaining deep Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope images of new "blank" fields and nearby fields gravitationally lensed by massive galaxy clusters. The Hubble images of the lensed fields are revealing nJy sources (AB mag > 31), the faintest galaxies yet observed. In this paper, we present high-redshift (z > 6) number count predictions for the full program and candidates in three of the first Hubble Frontier Fields images. The full program will transform our understanding of galaxy evolution in the first 600 million years (z > 9). Where previous programs yielded perhaps a dozen z > 9 candidates, the Frontier Fields may yield ~70 (~6 per field). We base this estimate on an extrapolation of luminosity functions observed between 4 < z < 8 and gravitational lensing models submitted by the community. However, in the first two deep infrared Hubble images obtained to date, we find z ~ 8 candidates but no strong candidates at z > 9. This might suggest a deficit of faint z > 9 galaxies as also reported in the Ultra Deep Field (even while excesses of brighter z > 9 galaxies were reported in shallower fields). At these redshifts, cosmic variance (field-to-field variation) is expected to be significant (greater than +/-50%) and include clustering of early galaxies formed in overdensities. The full Frontier Fields program will significantly mitigate this uncertainty by observing six independent sightlines each with a lensing cluster and nearby blank field.
description: Submitted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 15 pages, 17 figures
Deep Learning Approaches to Text Production
Creators: name: Gardent, Claire
name: Narayan, Shashi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Text production is a key component of many NLP applications. In data-driven approaches, it is used for instance, to generate dialogue turns from dialogue moves, to verbalise the content of Knowledge bases or to generate natural English sentences from rich linguistic representations, such as dependency trees or Abstract Meaning Representations. In text-driven methods on the other hand, text production is at work in sentence compression, sentence fusion, paraphrasing, sentence (or text) simplification, text summarisation and end-to-end dialogue systems. Following the success of encoder-decoder models in modeling sequence-rewriting tasks such as machine translation, deep learning models have successfully been applied to the various text production tasks. In this tutorial, we will cover the fundamentals and the state-of-the-art research on neural models for text production. Each text production task raises a slightly different communication goal (e.g, how to take the dialogue context into account when producing a dialogue turn; how to detect and merge relevant information when summarising a text; or how to produce a well-formed text that correctly capture the information contained in some input data in the case of data-to-text generation). We will outline the constraints specific to each subtasks and examine how the existing neural models account for them.
Self-similar Solution of Hot Accretion Flow with Thermal Conduction and Anisotropic Pressure
Creators: name: Mosallanezhad, Amin
name: Zeraatgari, Fatemeh Zahra
name: Mei, Liquan
name: Bu, De-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effects of anisotropic thermal conduction, anisotropic pressure, and magnetic field strength on the hot accretion flows around black holes by solving the axisymmetric, steady-state magnetohydrodynamic equations. The anisotropic pressure is known as a mechanism for transporting angular momentum in weakly collisional plasmas in hot accretion flows with extremely low mass accretion rates. However, anisotropic pressure does not extensively impact the transport of the angular momentum, it leads to shrinkage of the wind region. Our results show that the strength of the magnetic field can help the Poynting energy flux overcomes the kinetic energy flux. This result may be applicable to understand the hot accretion flow in the Galactic Center Sgr A* and M87 galaxy.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Factors Affecting the Price of Hogs
Creators: name: Haas, G. C.
name: Ezekiel, Mordecai
name: Haas, G. C.
name: Ezekiel, Mordecai
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1926
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: The returns to the producers of hogs depend to a considerable extent upon how well they adjust the volume of their production to the demand for the product. They can make the best adjustment only if they can reach a sound conclusion as to the future developments in the hog market. Clear understanding of the forces which affect the market price is a prerequisite to reaching such conclusions. The dominant influences in the hog market, as shown by this study, are (1) the supply of hogs on the market and expected to arrive on the market within the next few months, (2) the quantity of hog products in storage, (3) the general price level, (4) general business conditions, and (5) the prices of alternative products. The general levels of demand, both here and abroad, are both important, but ordinarily change only slowly. The ‘‘hog-price cycle” was found to be due to the tendency of hog producers to overshoot the mark in increasing production when the relation of hog prices to corn prices was favorable and to reduce too much when it was unfavorable. This excessive reaction resulted from the accumulation of production changes during the interval before reduced or increased breeding began to offset market receipts and prices
Discovery of Extreme, Roughly-Daily Superflares on the Recurrent Nova V2487 Oph
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
name: Pagnotta, Ashley
name: Zoppelt, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V2487 Oph is a recurrent nova with detected eruptions in 1900 and 1998. Startlingly, V2487 Oph shows flares, called `Superflares', with up to 1.10 mag amplitude, fast rises of under one-minute, always with an initial impulsive spike followed by a roughly-exponential tail, typically one-hour durations, and with random event times averaging once-per-day. The typical flare energy $E$ is over 10$^{38}$ ergs, while the yearly energy budget is 10$^{41}$ ergs. V2487 Oph Superflares obey three relations; the number distribution of flare energies scales as $E^{-2.34\pm0.35}$, the waiting time from one flare to the next is proportional to $E$ of the first event, and flare durations scale as $E^{0.44\pm0.03}$. Scenarios involving gravitational energy and nuclear energy fail to satisfy the three relations. The magnetic energy scenario, however, can explain all three relations. This scenario has magnetic field lines above the disc being twisted and amplified by the motions of their footprints, with magnetic reconnection releasing energy that comes out as Superflare light. This exact mechanism is already well known to occur in white light solar flares, in ordinary M-type flare stars, and in the many Superflare stars observed all across the H-R diagram. Superflares on Superflare stars have rise times, light curve shapes and durations that are very similar to those on V2487 Oph. So we conclude that the V2487 Oph Superflares are caused by large-scale magnetic reconnection. V2487 Oph is now the most extreme Superflare star, exhibiting the largest known flare energy (1.6$\times$10$^{39}$ ergs) and the fastest occurrence rate.
description: MNRAS submitted, 20 pages
Spin Controlled Coexistence of 0 and π States in SFSFS Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Alidoust, Mohammad
name: Halterman, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Keldysh-Usadel formalism, we theoretically study the $0$-$π$ transition profiles and current-phase relations of magnetic $SFSFS$ and $SFSFFS$ Josephson nanojunctions in the diffusive regime. By allowing the magnetizations of the ferromagnetic layers to take arbitrary orientations, the strength and direction of the charge supercurrent flowing through the ferromagnetic regions can be controlled via the magnetization rotation in one of the ferromagnetic layers. Depending on the junction parameters, we find opposite current flow in the ferromagnetic layers, revealing that remarkably such configurations possess well-controlled $0$- and $π$-states simultaneously, creating a three-terminal $0$-$π$ spin switch. We demonstrate that the spin-controlled $0$-$π$ profiles trace back to the proximity induced odd-frequency superconducting correlations generated by the ferromagnetic layers. It is also shown that the spin-switching effect can be more pronounced in $SFSFFS$ structures. The current-phase relations reveal the important role of the middle $S$ electrode, where the spin controlled supercurrent depends crucially on its thickness and phase differences with the outer $S$ terminals.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. To Appear in Physical Review B
Photo-magnetization in two-dimensional sliding ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Zhou, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-matter interaction is one of the key routes to understanding and manipulating geometric and electronic behaviors of materials, especially two-dimensional materials which are optically accessible owing to their high surface to volume ratio. In the current work we focus on the recently discovered two-dimensional sliding ferroelectric materials, in which the out-of-plane electric polarization can be switched with a small horizontal translation in one layer. Combining symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations, we predict that light illumination could inject non-equilibrium magnetic moments into the sliding ferroelectrics. Such magnetic moment is composed of both spin and orbital degrees of freedom contributions. We use $\mathrm{ZrI}_2$, $\mathrm{WTe}_2$, and $\mathrm{MoS}_2$ bilayer ferroelectrics to illustrate our theory. Under intermediate light illumination, one can yield non-equilibrium magnetic moments on the order of $0.1-1$ $μ_B$ in these systems, which also depends on the polarization nature of incident light. Furthermore, we show that such photo-injected magnetism changes its sign when the sliding dipole moment switches. This photo-magnetization can be detected by magneto-optical methods (such as Kerr or Faraday effect), which serves as an indicator of sliding ferroelectricity. Hence, one can use an all-optical pump and probe setup to measure and detect the subtle sliding ferroelectric phase.
description: 6 figures, under peer review
Handbook and Guidance Material for the Implementation of the QualiTePE Framework and Instrument
Creators: name: Lemling, Alina
name: Crapa, Angelo
name: Langer, Wiebke
name: Gerlach, Erin
name: Cools, Wouter
name: Adamakis, Manolis
name: Slingerland, Menno
name: Borghouts, Lars
name: Scheuer, Claude
name: Costa, João
name: O'Brien, Wesley
name: Herrmann, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In an era of constant innovation and change, striving for quality and excellence has become crucial. The QualiTePE framework addresses this need, offering a comprehensive approach to improving quality in teaching Physical Education (PE).

This handbook is a practical guide for implementing the QualiTePE framework and instrument, helping to enhance daily teaching practices. It simplifies the complexities of delivering quality Physical Education, providing practical insights, step-by-step guidance, and support to empower individuals, teams, and organizations in achieving excellence in PE.
Hydrogen trapping and embrittlement in high-strength Al-alloys
Creators: name: Zhao, Huan
name: Chakraborty, Poulami
name: Ponge, Dirk
name: Hickel, Tilmann
name: Sun, Binhan
name: Wu, Chun-Hung
name: Gault, Baptiste
name: Raabe, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ever more stringent regulations on greenhouse gas emissions from transportation motivate efforts to revisit materials used for vehicles. High-strength Al-alloys often used in aircrafts could help reduce the weight of automobiles, but are susceptible to environmental degradation. Hydrogen (H) "embrittlement" is often pointed as the main culprit, however, the mechanisms underpinning failure are elusive: atomic-scale analysis of H inside an alloy remains a challenge, and this prevents deploying alloy design strategies to enhance the materials' durability. Here we successfully performed near-atomic scale analysis of H trapped in second-phase particles and at grain boundaries in a high-strength 7xxx Al-alloy. We used these observations to guide atomistic ab-initio calculations which show that the co-segregation of alloying elements and H favours grain boundary decohesion, while the strong partitioning of H into the second-phases removes solute H from the matrix, hence preventing H-embrittlement. Our insights further advance the mechanistic understanding of H-assisted embrittlement in Al-alloys, emphasizing the role of H-traps in retarding cracking and guiding new alloy design.
The fast UV variability of the active galactic nucleus in Fairall 9
Creators: name: Lohfink, Anne
name: Reynolds, Christopher
name: Vasudevan, Ranjan
name: Mushotzky, Richard
name: Miller, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a new optical/UV/X-ray monitoring campaign of the luminous Seyfert galaxy Fairall 9 using the Swift satellite. Using the UV-Optical Telescope (UVOT) on Swift, we find correlated optical/UV variability on all time scales ranging from the sampling time (4-days) to the length of the campaign (2.5 months). In one noteworthy event, the UW2-band flux dips by 20% in 4-days, and then recovers equally quickly; this event is not seen in either the optical or the X-ray bands. We argue that this event provides further evidence that a significant fraction of the UV-emission must be driven by irradiation/reprocessing of emission from the central disk. We also use an archival XMM-Newton observation to examine shorter time scale UV/X-ray variability. We find very rapid (<10 ks) UV flares of small amplitude. We show that, unless this emission is non-thermal, we must be seeing the Wien tail from a compact (<3 light hours), hot (T > $8\times10^4$ K) region. The possible association with X-ray microflares suggests that we may be seeing the UV signatures of direct X-ray flare heating of the innermost disk.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ