cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The nebular spectra of the hypernova SN 1998bw and evidence for asymmetry
Creators: name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Nomoto, K.
name: Patat, F.
name: Maeda, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nebular spectra of the energetic Type Ic supernova SN1998bw (hypernova) are studied. The transition to the nebular phase occurred at an epoch of about 100 days after outburst, which is assumed to coincide with GRB980425. Early in the nebular epoch the spectra show the characteristics of a typical SN Ic spectrum, with strong lines of [OI], CaII and MgI], and lines of [FeII]. However, the [FeII] lines are unusually strong for a SN Ic. Also, lines of different elements have different widths, indicating different expansion velocities. In particular, iron appears to expand more rapidly than oxygen. Furthermore, the [OI] nebular lines decline more slowly than the [FeII] ones, signalling deposition of gamma-rays in a slowly-moving O-dominated region. These facts suggest that the explosion was aspherical. The absence of [FeIII] nebular lines can be understood if the ejecta are significantly clumped. A schematic picture of what this very unusual stellar explosion may have looked like is presented.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
PAC in DESI. I. Galaxy Stellar Mass Function into the $10^{6}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ Frontier
Creators: name: Xu, Kun
name: Jing, Yi-Peng
name: Cole, Shaun
name: Frenk, Carlos
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Elbers, Willem
name: Wang, Wenting
name: Wang, Yirong
name: Samuel, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Galaxy evolution

description: Supplementary material to DESI's publication PAC in DESI. I. Galaxy Stellar Mass Function into the $10^{6}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ Frontier to comply with the data management plan. Data points for all plots in the main text are included.
What can we sell behind timber production?
Creators: name: Vidale, E
name: Pettenella, D
name: Gatto, P
name: Secco, L
name: Vidale, E
name: Pettenella, D
name: Gatto, P
name: Secco, L
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agribusiness
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Forest externalities represent today an emerging source of income. Carbon sequestration, biodiversity maintenance and recreation activities in mountain woodland areas are three forest services that have been a core issue in the recent political framework. However, the stiff legislative system and unclear property rights have been two mayor themes that have inhibited the implementation of payment for environmental service (PES), especially in the Italian civil law system. The paper shows the potential willingness to pay (WTP) of forest externalities generated in the in the Eastern Alps, for Veneto’s dwellers: basic information to develop any market-based mechanism to stimulate the commercialization of forest services. Using choice experiment approach, an estimation of marginal values has been assessed for each service. The results report the trade-off effect among the different use of forest externalities. Higher WTP was found on direct use-value services by sub-grouping the sample on target socio-demographic categories. Unfamiliar externalities, like biodiversity, have had irrelevant role compare to the other forest services. Finally, based on these findings a specific PES scheme on target externalities has been drafted for the alpine context.
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. XI. X-ray emission from luminous infrared starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Hornschemeier, A. E.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Garmire, G. P.
name: Schneider, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field North and 15 micron ISOCAM HDF-N surveys we find a tight correlation between the population of strongly evolving starbursts discovered in faint 15 micron ISOCAM surveys and the apparently normal galaxy population detected in deep X-ray surveys. Up to 100% of the X-ray detected emission-line galaxies (ELGs) have 15 micron counterparts, in contrast to 10-20% of the X-ray detected absorption-line galaxies and AGN-dominated sources. None of the X-ray detected ELGs is detected in the hard band (2-8 keV), and their stacked-average X-ray spectral slope of Gamma=2.0 suggests a low fraction of obscured AGN activity within the X-ray detected ELG population. The characteristics of the z=0.4-1.3 X-ray detected ELGs are consistent with those expected for M82 and NGC 3256-type starbursts; these X-ray detected ELGs contribute ~2% of the 0.5-8.0 keV X-ray background. The only statistical difference between the X-ray detected and X-ray undetected 15 micron selected ELGs is that a much larger fraction of the former have radio emission.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. ApJ letters, in press. See also http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/hdf/hdf-chandra.html
Challenges and the opportunitiesfor the Chinese value-added wood products companies
Creators: name: Wan, M.
name: Li, J.
name: Wan, M.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Challenges
subject: opportunities
subject: China
subject: value-added wood products companies.

description: The past decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in the demand for China’s wood products. However, a fast-growing demand for wood products and limited domestic timber resources has increased China’s dependence on imported wood. As a result, China has grown to be the most important player in the global trade of wood products both as an exporter of value-added wood products and as an importer of wood resources. The objective of this study is to examine managers’ perceptions of the challenges and opportunities facing the Chinese wood products companies by applying the modified Porter’s five force model. In the empirical part, qualitative semi-structured interviews with 28 managers of 7 wood products companies in China were conducted. The results suggest that low labour costs were no longer perceived as a source of competitive advantage for the Chinese companies. To develop and maintain competitive advantage in global markets, the Chinese firms should adjust their business strategies by changing production focus from low-end to high-end products, by changing sales direction from overseas to domestic markets, and focusing on development of independent brands. To compensate for the deficiency in raw materials, the Chinese companies should improve the utilization of raw materials, acquire forest lands or invest in sawmills in lower-cost and forestrich countries. With the encouragement of the Chinese government, the Chinese farmers are showing higher enthusiasm for afforestation. Furthermore, the volatile government policies bring not only challenges but also opportunities for future development of China’s wood products industry.
Lanicola garciagomezi
Creators: name: Londoño-Mesa, Mario H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Terebellidae
Lanicola
Lanicola garciagomezi

description: Lanicola garciagomezi (Londoño-Mesa, 2006)
 Paraeupolymnia garciagomezi Londoño-Mesa, 2006:30–31, Figs 2 A-F.
 Lanicola garciagomezi, Capa & Hutchings, 2006:14.
 Type material: Holotype UMML 22.874 Card Sound, Florida Key (25°22'N 80°17'W), 30.XII.1970; 2–5m.; Paratypes: UMML 22.984 (19), ECOSUR 058 (4) Card Sound, Florida Key (25°22'N 80°17'W), 30.XII.1970; 2–5m.
 Diagnosis: Complete, 94 segments; 44mm long, thorax 12mm long, 3mm wide. Eyespots absent. Branchiae dichotomous, first branchia longer. Fifteen ventral shields. Thorax with numerous dorsal rounded tubercles arranged in two or three irregular transversal rows, not paired nor alternating in position, not covering inter-segmental lines, on segments 2–14, posteriorly placed near the notopodia. Pairs of nephridial papillae inserted at the base of the second pair of branchiae, and postero-dorsally to notopodia. Notochaetae bilimbate. Thoracic uncini MF:1:1–2; abdominal uncini MF:1:2–3; pygidium with 20 small, diffused anal papillae.
 Staining pattern: Segment 1 stains ventrally, in enlargement covering lower lip, and laterally; dorsally with narrow region that remain pale. Segment 2 stains at base of branchiae; all ventral shields and notopodial glandular tissue, surrounding the notopodia, stain deeply. Remaining structures do not stain, including lateral lappets.
 Variation: Variations are presented in the original description (Londoño-Mesa, 2006). Total length 9– 30mm; thoracic length 5–8mm and width 1.0– 1.5mm.
 Discussion: A complete description of the species, as Paraeupolymnia garciagomezi, was given by Londoño-Mesa (2006). The main difference between L. garciagomezi and L. carus, is mainly in the numerous dorsal tubercles present in the anterior thoracic region of the former species. This species is only known from the type locality; additional specimens are needed to confirm its distribution in the Caribbean.
 Type locality: Card Sound, Florida Keys, Caribbean Sea.
 Distribution: Restricted to type locality; in shallow water, 2–5m deep (in original description it appears at 25m deep, but this is a typographical error according to label in vial).
description: Published as part of Londoño-Mesa, Mario H., 2009, Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) from the Grand Caribbean region 2320, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 2320 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2320.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316176
Progress towards GaAs multiplexed single-electron pump arrays
Creators: name: Yi, Teng
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Single electron pump
Quantum multiplexer
Pump arrays

description: In this thesis we present progress towards making multiplexed GaAs single-electron pump arrays. The single-electron pump is a device for transferring an accurate integer number $n$ of electrons per cycle to generate precise current $I=nef$, where $f$ is the frequency of the periodic AC voltage applied and $e$ is the electron charge. Multiplexing electron pumps may also allow the pumps to be measured in parallel, increasing the output current and thereby enabling a higher accuracy reading. Firstly, a 4 x 32 multiplexed wide-channel electron pump array is studied and we observe a large rectified current (about 100 $\mu$A) instead of a pumping current (which would be 18 pA at 110 MHz). We designed several variations of single wide-channel electron pump devices and found out that the rectified current is from the wide-channel electron pump and not the multiplexer. We developed a model to qualitatively explain the origin of rectified current in the wide-channel electron pump devices and investigate the effects of changing the RF frequency and amplitude on the rectified current. Secondly, we characterise the transmission of RF voltage signals through the quantum multiplexer using an array of bar gates. We find that about 300 mV AC amplitude voltage can be transmitted to the bar gate device, which may be sufficiently large for an electron pump to operate. We also present the statistical study of multiplexed bar gate devices. We find that 0.1 $\mu$m wide bar gates are different from 0.2 $\mu$m wide bar gate or wider gates: more negative voltage is needed to pinch off 0.1 $\mu$m wide bar gates, because 0.1 $\mu$m is comparable with the 2DEG depth. We redesign the multiplexer structure and determine that the capacitance of the multiplexer is about 1.93 pF which will help the future multiplexed single-electron pump array design to give best RF power transmission. Thirdly, since gate insulators are required in the multiplexed electron pump design. We demonstrate electron pumping in a single-electron pump device in which the gates extend across the entire GaAs channel, and are insulated from the GaAs channel by a polyimide layer as required in the multiplexed design. We also study how design variations such as the pump gates design (quantum dot radius and tunnel barrier width), channel etch design and order of fabrication will affect the RF power required to observe clear quantised pumping. Based on the above results, we present our designs for full GaAs multiplexed electron pump arrays.
A unified view of anisotropies in the astrophysical gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Pitrou, Cyril
name: Cusin, Giulia
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the literature different approaches have been proposed to compute the anisotropies of the astrophysical gravitational wave background. The different expressions derived, although starting from our work Cusin, Pitrou, Uzan, Phys.Rev.D96, 103019 (2017) [1], seem to differ. This article compares the various theoretical expressions proposed so far and provides a separate derivation based on a Boltzmann approach. We show that all the theoretical formula in the literature are equivalent and boil down to the one of Ref. [1] when a proper matching of terms and integration by parts are performed. The difference between the various predictions presented for anisotropies in a cosmological context can only lie in the astrophysical modeling of sources, and neither in the theory nor in the cosmological description of the large scale structures. Finally we comment on the gauge invariance of expressions.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 1 of Bayesian network models with decision tree analysis for management of childhood malaria in Malawi
Creators: name: Taneja, Sanya B.
name: Douglas, Gerald P.
name: Cooper, Gregory F.
name: Michaels, Marian G.
name: Druzdzel, Marek J.
name: Visweswaran, Shyam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional results for the performance of the models including confusion matrices, ROC curves, results of statistical tests as well as examples of computation of expected costs for the decision tree.
Forest industry foreign investments: case study of three companies in China
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Foreign investment
subject: forest industry
subject: China

description: Internationalization of operations constitutes an important part of the global forest industry integration process over recent decades. As a resource based industry, drivers of corporate expansion have been defined as both resource seeking and market seeking in the global context. China is regarded as one of the most dynamic countries with development potential concerning both resources and markets to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). From 2004 to 2008, FDI in the forest industry in China has doubled and FDI projects have maintained around 550 cases annually. The high density of investments has raised critical issues with respect to business ethics including corporate environmental sustainable development and interactions with communities at the local level. The aim of this study is to use a case study approach to compare the process of FDI in the forest industry in China and to explore the sustainability of operations from corporate governance viewpoint. Three case companies headquartered in Europe, North America and Asia were chosen. Corporate FDI strategies, financial performance, cooperation with local community and stakeholder involvement were evaluated and compared. Finally, managerial suggestions will be given case by case referring to the corporate sustainable operations in China.
Paleolithic Evidence Shows That Homo Habilis Could Have Learned Weaving From Weaverbirds (Ploceidae): Additional Evidence That Basket Weaving May Have Begun in the Early Paleolithic Era Untitled Item
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210199 Archaeology not elsewhere classified
subject: 210103 Archaeology of Asia, Africa and the Americas
subject: 219999 History and Archaeology not elsewhere classified
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Archaeology
subject: 160199 Anthropology not elsewhere classified
subject: 160101 Anthropology of Development

description: Around 2 million years ago at the famous Olduvai Gorge, the first stone tools made by hominins, known as Oldowan stone tools, were discovered in what has been designated as Bed I which is the oldest layer at the Gorge. Fossilized remains of Homo habilis (perhaps the earliest hominin) were also found. And in addition fossilized remains of weaverbirds (Ploceidae) were found in Bed I. Weaverbirds are known for their elaborate and well-engineered nests which they placed in the open, so they were clearly visible. This means that Homo habilis (and probably other hominins) could have been aware of the nest constructions of these birds and could have used both the shapes and the weaving techniques as models for their own woven objects such as baskets.
Spectroscopic Target Selection in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The Main Galaxy Sample
Creators: name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Narayanan, Vijay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the algorithm that selects the main sample of galaxies for spectroscopy in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey from the photometric data obtained by the imaging survey. Galaxy photometric properties are measured using the Petrosian magnitude system, which measures flux in apertures determined by the shape of the surface brightness profile. The metric aperture used is essentially independent of cosmological surface brightness dimming, foreground extinction, sky brightness, and the galaxy central surface brightness. The main galaxy sample consists of galaxies with r-band Petrosian magnitude r < 17.77 and r-band Petrosian half-light surface brightness < 24.5 magnitudes per square arcsec. These cuts select about 90 galaxy targets per square degree, with a median redshift of 0.104. We carry out a number of tests to show that (a) our star-galaxy separation criterion is effective at eliminating nearly all stellar contamination while removing almost no genuine galaxies, (b) the fraction of galaxies eliminated by our surface brightness cut is very small (0.1%), (c) the completeness of the sample is high, exceeding 99%, and (d) the reproducibility of target selection based on repeated imaging scans is consistent with the expected random photometric errors. (abridged)
description: 42 pages, including 12 figures. Accepted for September 2002 AJ
What Makes a Modern Indian Profession? Corporate Policies and Middle-Class Subjectivities in Chennai's Information Technology Industry
Creators: name: Ramani, Shakthiroopa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Class
Gender
South Asian Studies
Chennai
Tamil Nadu
Middle Class
Globalisation

description: This thesis explores the workings of the information technology (IT) industry in the South Indian city of Chennai, and its impact on middle-class identity formation. It adopts a distinctly gendered approach in its analysis, while also commenting on themes that travel beyond conventional feminist research. It draws on a variety of qualitative sources, including 61 interviews with IT employees, managers and executives, diversity consultants, IT union leaders, labour rights activists, bureaucrats and college placement officers; participant observation at IT conferences, protest meetings, and political events, as well as limited observation on the ‘office floor’; and diverse documentary material, including government and industry reports, websites and legal frameworks. The aim of this narrative-driven thesis is to capture some of the complexities of IT employees’ lived realities, contextualised within the local and global processes that impact this transnational industry. The thesis begins with an exploration of specific practices within the industry that contribute to employees’ heightened insecurity and situates fledgling attempts at collective action on labour issues within performances of ‘middleclassness’. It then unpacks the construction of gender roles by and through the industry, while identifying sites of contestation and agency for employees. This is followed by a closer examination of the industry’s diversity and inclusion initiatives, specifically those concerning workplace sexual harassment, as seen through a socio-legal lens. Finally, it problematises the hegemonic figure of the ‘techie’ through an analysis of IT employees’ multiple identities and their articulation within the workplace. Collectively, the data chapters challenge the normativity of discursive framings of employees and policies within the industry. More broadly, this thesis calls for ‘thick descriptions’ (Geertz 1973: 6) of labour relations in local contexts, while emplacing these within transnational capital circuits. It also argues for a more nuanced interrogation of the fluidity of class formation through employment in certain industries, particularly in postcolonial settings.
Determinants of demand for forest recreation.
Creators: name: Abildtrup, Jens
name: Abildtrup, Jens
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: The determinants of the recreational value of forest include the site quality, including their accessibility, and the distribution of alternative forest and non-forest sites which may serve as substitutes or complementary recreational sites. Compared to previous studies, we focus on local context variables (urbanization and urban green space) in the demand for forest recreation. We carry out a web-based survey on a sample of residents in Lorraine (North-East of France). In particular, we test the compensation hypothesis, suggesting that people with less green space in their own residential environments make more frequent trips to parks or nature reserves. Respondents who had visited at least one forest during the last twelve months were asked to identify the most visited forest on an interactive map integrated in the online questionnaire. They participated also in a choice experiment where they were asked to choose between hypothetical forests and the most visited forest during the last 12 months. An extensive database describing the more than 5000 forests (recreational forest units) in Lorraine by recreational facilities, forest structure and ecological variables are established. The demand is estimated using the so-called linked-model, i.e. combining a site selection model and a count model for trip demand. Both the stated and revealed preference data indicate that visitors have an additional willingness to pay for forest with parking and picnic places, marked trekking paths, lakes or rivers, and forest dominated by broad-leaf tree species or mixed tree species compared to coniferous forests without recreational facilities and waterbodies. While we did not find a significant effect of urban green space on the demand for forest visits we showed that the number of visits in urban park decreases with an increasing expected utility of a forest visit, indicating substitution between forests and urban parks in the demand for high-frequency outdoor recreation.
description: Subject Title: Abstract
Manifolds of interconvertible pure states
Creators: name: Sinolecka, Magdalena M.
name: Zyczkowski, Karol
name: Kus, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local orbits of a pure state of an N x N bi-partite quantum system are analyzed. We compute their dimensions which depends on the degeneracy of the vector of coefficients arising by the Schmidt decomposition. In particular, the generic orbit has 2N^2 -N-1 dimensions, the set of separable states is 4(N-1) dimensional, while the manifold of maximally entangled states has N^2-1 dimensions.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Ab initio nuclear thermodynamics
Creators: name: Lu, Bing-Nan
name: Li, Ning
name: Elhatisari, Serdar
name: Lee, Dean
name: Drut, Joaquín E.
name: Lähde, Timo A.
name: Epelbaum, Evgeny
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new Monte Carlo method called the pinhole trace algorithm for {\it ab initio} calculations of the thermodynamics of nuclear systems. For typical simulations of interest, the computational speedup relative to conventional grand-canonical ensemble calculations can be as large as a factor of one thousand. Using a leading-order effective interaction that reproduces the properties of many atomic nuclei and neutron matter to a few percent accuracy, we determine the location of the critical point and the liquid-vapor coexistence line for symmetric nuclear matter with equal numbers of protons and neutrons. We also present the first {\it ab initio} study of the density and temperature dependence of nuclear clustering.
description: 5 pages main text, 9 pages supplemental materials
Shrinking of a condensed fermionic cloud in a trap approaching the BEC limit
Creators: name: Perali, A.
name: Pieri, P.
name: Strinati, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the zero-temperature density profile of a cloud of fermionic atoms in a trap subject to a mutual attractive interaction, as the strength of the interaction is progressively increased. We find a significant decrease of the size of the atomic cloud as it evolves from the weak-coupling (BCS) regime of overlapping Cooper pairs to the strong-coupling (Bose-Einstein) regime of non-overlapping bound-fermion pairs. Most significantly, we find a pronounced increase of the value of the density at the center of the trap (even by an order of magnitude) when evolving between the two regimes. Our results are based on a generalized Thomas-Fermi approximation for the superfluid state, that covers continuously all coupling regimes.
description: 5 pages, 3 postscript figures
Generic In-home support justification for NDIS
Creators: name: Mosbergen, Rowland
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10185089
This is a template for an in-home support justification for the NDIS for anyone with a child. It is written so that it is easy for a family to fill in their story in the spaces provided.
Dusty winds: I. Self-similar solutions
Creators: name: Elitzur, Moshe
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the dusty wind problem, from the point where dust formation has been completed and outward. Given grain properties, both radiative transfer and hydrodynamics components of the problem are fully defined by four additional input parameters. The wind radiative emission and the shape of its velocity profile are both independent of the actual magnitude of the velocity and are determined by just three dimensionless free parameters. Of the three, only one is always significant---for most of phase space the solution is described by a set of similarity functions of a single independent variable, which can be chosen as the overall optical depth at visual \tV. The self-similarity implies general scaling relations among mass loss rate (\Mdot), luminosity ($L$) and terminal velocity (\vf). Systems with different \Mdot, $L$ and \vf but the same combination $\Mdot/L^{3/4}$ necessarily have also the same $\Mdot\vf/L$. ... Eliminating \tV produces $\vf^3 = A \Mdot(1 + B \Mdot^{4/3}/L)^{-1.5}$, where $A$ and $B$ are coefficients that contain the only dependence of this universal correlation on chemical composition. At a given $L$, the maximal velocity of a dusty wind is $v\sub{max} \propto L^{1/4}$ attained at $\Mdot \propto L^{3/4}$, with proportionality coefficients derived from $A$ and $B$.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Positivity in the effective field theory of cosmological perturbations
Creators: name: Ye, Gen
name: Piao, Yun-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Requiring the existence of a unitary, causal and local UV-completion places a set of positivity bounds on the corresponding effective field theories (EFTs). We discuss the obstructions and possibility in applying the positivity bound to cosmology, in particular the EFT of cosmological perturbations. Taking a $c_T=1$ beyond-Horndeski EFT as an illustrative example, we derive such bounds, which incorporate the cosmological correction of order $H^2/Λ^2$, $Λ$ being the cutoff scale. The derived bounds are applied to slow-roll inflation with beyond Horndeski operators. It is found that the cosmological positivity bounds may be either stronger or weaker than their flat space counterpart.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures; major revision; matched published version in EPJC
Mass Profile of the Infall Region of the Abell 2199 Supercluster
Creators: name: Rines, K.
name: Geller, M. J.
name: Diaferio, A.
name: Mahdavi, A.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Wegner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a redshift survey of 1323 galaxies (1092 new or remeasured) in a region of 95 square degrees centered on the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 2199, we analyze the supercluster containing A2199, A2197, and an X-ray group. The caustic technique accurately reproduces the true mass profiles of simulated simple superclusters (i.e., superclusters where the virial mass of one cluster is 2-10 times the virial mass of all other clusters in the supercluster). We calculate the masses of the two main components of A2197 (A2197W and A2197E) using archival X-ray observations and demonstrate that the A2199 supercluster is simple and thus that the caustic technique should yield an accurate mass profile. The mass profile is uncertain by ~30% within 3 Mpc/h and by a factor of two within 8 Mpc/h and is one of only a few for a supercluster on such large scales. Independent X-ray mass estimates agree with our results at all radii where they overlap. The mass profile strongly disagrees with an isothermal sphere profile but agrees with profiles suggested by simulations. We discuss the interplay of the supercluster dynamics and the dynamics of the bound subclusters. The agreement between the infall mass profile and other techniques shows that the caustic technique is surprisingly robust for simple superclusters (abridged).
description: 49 pages, 20 figures, to appear in The Astronomical Journal, version containing high-resolution figures available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~krines/a2199mp.ps
Additional file 1 of The informational content of subjective expectations for health service use
Creators: name: Kettlewell, Nathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1 Online Appendix: The informational content of subjective expectations for health service use
Dark energy effects in the Schrödinger-Newton approach
Creators: name: Kelvin
name: Onggadinata, Kelvin
name: Lake, Matthew J.
name: Paterek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger-Newton equation is a proposed model to explain the localization of macroscopic particles by suppressing quantum dispersion with the particle's own gravitational attraction. On cosmic scales, however, dark energy also acts repulsively, as witnessed by the accelerating rate of universal expansion. Here, we introduce the effects of dark energy in the form of a cosmological constant $Λ$, that drives the late-time acceleration of the Universe, into the Schrödinger-Newton approach. We then ask in which regime dark energy dominates both canonical quantum diffusion and gravitational self-attraction. It turns out that this happens for sufficiently delocalized objects with an arbitrary mass and that there exists a minimal delocalization width of about $67$ m. While extremely macroscopic from a quantum perspective, the value is in principle accessible to laboratories on Earth. Hence, we analyze, numerically, how the dynamics of an initially spherical Gaussian wave packet is modified in the presence of $Λ> 0$. A notable feature is the gravitational collapse of part of the wave packet, in the core region close to the center of mass, accompanied by the accelerated expansion of the more distant shell surrounding it. The order of magnitude of the distance separating collapse from expansion matches analytical estimates of the classical turnaround radius for a spherically symmetric body in the presence of dark energy. However, the time required to observe these modifications is astronomical. They can potentially be measured only in physical systems simulating a high effective cosmological constant, or, possibly, via their effects on the inflationary universe.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 appendices. Published version
Between Determination and Liberation - Rethinking Christian Mystical Theology and the Relation between Existence, the Self, and Gender
Creators: name: Smith, Janet
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2025

description: In my thesis I am arguing for an inclusivist image of the Christian Divine
 which leads towards a spiritual notion of identity. The aim of my argument
 is to contradict, from a Christian point of view, exclusionary attitudes
 from fundamentalist Christian churches and groups towards queer people,
 but also to challenge queer-feminist criticisms on Christian beliefs.
 Possibly facing

 discrimination from both sides, queer people who also identify as
 Christian, find themselves caught between the worlds. As objections from
 either side rely on a dualistic, hierarchal, and patriarchal image of the
 Divine, I want to tackle this issue by dealing with underlying theological
 dimensions. In my work I am referring to the German medieval theologian
 Meister Eckhart and the Spanish

 early modern Doctor of the Church Teresa of Ávila. By relating
 Eckhart's notion of the 'Ground of the Soul' and
 Teresa's notion of the 'Innermost Centre of the Soul' to
 Paul Tillich's notion of the 'self', I am attempting to
 develop a concept of the self which is based on a unified identity with
 the Divine. This notion not only evokes an existentialist courage to
 embrace creativity and diversity of life, but also, following Dorothee
 Sölle's interpretations of mystical theology, entails potential for
 spiritual empowerment and resistance. This can be seen as a first

 step towards a fearless encounter with Gender Theory and, in consequence,
 opens ways for Christian and queer journeys of life, based on equality,
 justice, and love.
Temperature-induced shape morphing of bi-metallic structures
Creators: name: Taniker, Semih
name: Celli, Paolo
name: Pasini, Damiano
name: Hofmann, Douglas
name: Daraio, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the thermo-mechanical behavior of metallic structures designed to significantly change shape in response to thermal stimuli. This behavior is achieved by arranging two metals with different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), Aluminum and Titanium, as to create displacement-amplifying units that can expand uniaxially. In particular, our design comprises a low-CTE bar surrounded by a high-CTE frame that features flexure hinges and thicker links. When the temperature increases, the longitudinal expansion of the high-CTE portion is geometrically constrained by the low-CTE bar, resulting in a large tangential displacement. Our design is guided by theoretical models and numerical simulations. We validate our approach by fabricating and characterizing individual units, one dimensional arrays and three-dimensional structures. Our work shows that structurally robust metallic structures can be designed for large shape changes. The results also demonstrate how harsh environmental conditions (e.g., the extreme temperature swings that are characteristic of extraterrestrial environments) can be leveraged to produce function in a fully passive way.
Real-time dynamics of string breaking in quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Verdel, Roberto
name: Liu, Fangli
name: Whitsitt, Seth
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Heyl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String breaking is a central dynamical process in theories featuring confinement, where a string connecting two charges decays at the expense of the creation of new particle-antiparticle pairs. Here, we show that this process can also be observed in quantum Ising chains where domain walls get confined either by a symmetry-breaking field or by long-range interactions. We find that string breaking occurs, in general, as a two-stage process: First, the initial charges remain essentially static and stable. The connecting string, however, can become a dynamical object. We develop an effective description of this motion, which we find is strongly constrained. In the second stage, which can be severely delayed due to these dynamical constraints, the string finally breaks. We observe that the associated time scale can depend crucially on the initial separation between domain walls and can grow by orders of magnitude by changing the distance by just a few lattice sites. We discuss how our results generalize to one-dimensional confining gauge theories and how they can be made accessible in quantum simulator experiments such as Rydberg atoms or trapped ions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures; version published in Physical Review B
Precision Tests of the Electroweak Interactions at LEP/SLC
Creators: name: Teubert, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is an updated version of the invited plenary talk given at the XXII Physics in Collision Conference at Stanford, (June 2002). The measurements performed at LEP and SLC have substantially improved the precision of the tests of the Minimal Standard Model. The precision is such that there is sensitivity to pure weak radiative corrections. This allows to indirectly determine the top mass (\mt=178$\pm$10 GeV), the W-boson mass (\MW=80.368$\pm$0.022 GeV), and to set an upper limit on the Higgs boson mass of 193 GeV at 95% confidence level.
description: Invited talk at the XXII Physics in Collisions Conference (PIC02), Stanford, Ca, USA, June 2002, 18 pages, LaTeX, 6 eps figures
Taimuri et al_NUTTS19.pdf
Creators: name: Taimuri, Ghalib
name: Mikkola, Tommi
name: Matusiak, Jerzy
name: Kujala, Pentti
name: Hirdaris, Spyros
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91102 Naval Architecture
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: We present a preliminary assessment on the influence of the hydrodynamic assumptions associated with ship motions, for vessels maneuvering in calm waters. Three approaches are considered: (a) Model 1 idealising the maneuvering of a ship in 3-dof as per Brix (1993); (b) Model 2 representing the 6-dof hybrid time domain unified seakeeping / maneuvering model of Matusiak (2017); and (c) Model 3 - idealising combined seakeeping and maneuvering nonlinear characteristics in 6-dof by the time domain Green function method of McTaggart (2005). Simulations of turning circle and zig-zag manoeuvers are assessed and compared against available data for two tankers (KVLCC2 & Esso Osaka) and a container ship (DTC). It is concluded that in calm waters simplified models with hydrodynamic derivatives from either RANSE CFD or model tests can be used. However, implementation of well-validated CFD hydrodynamic coefficients may be more economic for the development of practical engineering tools, such as rapid assessment tools accounting for evasiveness in ship crashworthiness.… Read more
Rethinking yield gaps
Creators: name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Alston, Julian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: food security
subject: farm productivity
subject: partial factor productivity
subject: technical efficiency
subject: economic efficiency

description: Many people propose closing crop yield gaps as a means to address food security concerns. But concepts of yield gaps vary and the linkages to food security are complex. Yields are an object of choice for farmers, so a meaningful interpretation of yield gaps requires giving weight to both the economic and biological realities of crop production. We clarify the terminology surrounding yield gaps, show that closing yield gaps is not necessarily economic, and conclude that food security will be better served by policies that directly enhance the productive capacity of agriculture to supply affordable food efficiently and sustainably.
description: This is a prepublication version of J.M. Beddow, T.M. Hurley, P.G. Pardey, and J.M. Alston’s “Food Security: Yield Gap” chapter in N. Van Alfen, editor-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, Vol. 3, San Diego: Elsevier, 2014, pp. 352-365.
CAT(0) geometry, robots, and society
Creators: name: Ardila, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05-02, 67-02, 51F99, 68T40, 97A40, 97P70

description: How do we move a robot efficiently from one position to another? To answer this question, we need to understand its configuration space, a 'map' where we can find every possible position of the robot. Unfortunately, these maps are very large, they live in high dimensions, and they are very difficult to visualize. Fortunately, for some discrete robots they are CAT(0) cubical complexes, a family of spaces with favorable properties. In this case, using ideas from combinatorics and geometric group theory, we can construct a 'remote control' to navigate these complicated maps, and move the robots optimally. Along the way, we face larger ethical questions that we cannot ignore.
description: This survey is written for a general mathematical and scientific audience. (11 pages, 31 figures) [v2] includes two new sections
The impact of internal control systems on the quality of financial reports
Creators: name: Farhan, Hassan Abdinur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: internal control systems
quality
financial reports
quality of financial reports

description: ABSTRACT

 

In the modern era, all companies have become interested in the expansion of business sectors and the diversity of their activities and keeping pace with all developments that occur in the world, especially in the fields of technology and economics, as this development has become a starting point for attention and development of internal control systems to organize the companies' business.

This study aimed to know the company's internal control systems and their impact on the quality of financial reports for all companies in general, in addition to that, the study aimed to know the impact of internal audit and the control environment that fall under the components of internal control systems. In this study, questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection, as a sample of 46 people working was taken. After obtaining the results, the analysis was carried out using Microsoft software.

The study reached many results, the most important of which is that there is a positive relationship between internal control systems and the quality of financial reports, as the more effective and efficient the internal control systems are, the higher the quality of the financial reports, as there must be strong internal control systems for the financial reports to be free from errors, manipulation, and embezzlement. The researcher also recommends the need to pay attention to internal control systems and financial reports and to put in place many plans and programs that help in developing them to prepare financial reports that are credible and reliable.