Chlamisus Rafinesque 1815
Creators: name: Chamorro-Lacayo, Maria
name: Konstantinov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Chlamisus

description: <i>Chlamisus</i> Rafinesque (Figs. 1 D; 2 C; 3 C; 4 C; 5 C; 7 B, D) <i>Chlamys</i> Knoch, 1801: 122. Type species: <i>Chlamys foveolata</i> Knoch, 1801, by subsequent designation of Navajas, 1946: 244 [preoccupied by <i>Chlamys</i> Bolten, 1798, Mollusca]. <i>Chlamisus</i> Rafinesque, 1815: 116 (new name for <i>Chlamys</i> Knoch). <b>Diagnosis.</b> Length 3.09-7.72 mm, width 1.90-5.36 mm. General body shape cylindrical. Body usually not metallic in color. Frons in canthus of eye usually without yellow spots (face may be entirely or partly yellow, with yellow area extending into canthus, but elytra do not have velvety spots). Frons glabrous or (rarely) covered with dense hairs. Pronotum and elytra usually glabrous or (rarely) covered with dense short hairs. Antenna serrate beyond 3 rd or 4 th antennomeres, 2 nd antennomere slightly widened, globose, 5 th antennomere nearly as large as 6 th. Pronotum medially elevated, with various bumps and short carinae. Pronotal base opposite mesoscutellum (posterior pronotal lobe) with well differentiated notch. Prosternum posteriorly narrowed, posteriorly much narrower than anterior margin. Anterior margin of metasternum concave. Mesoscutellum short, transverse. Metascutellum not exposed. Sutural serration of elytra usually incomplete (suture entire immediately following mesoscutellum). Elytral tubercules well developed. Males without spines or spinulae on first ventrite. Tibiae slightly curved, slightly flattened, with sharp dorsal edge. Fore- and midtibial apices with spine. Tarsal claw appendiculate. Male ejaculatory guide (part of internal sac of aedeagus) symmetrical, without sheath. Apex of spermathecal duct as wide as rest of pump. <b>Distribution.</b> Cosmopolitan (Monrós 1952; Reid 1991). <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Chlamisus</i> is close to <i>Exema</i> and <i>Neochlamisus</i>. From <i>Neochlamisus</i> it can be separated by the following characters: body usually not metallic in color; frons in canthus of eye usually without yellow spots (face may be all or partly yellow, with yellow area extending into canthus, but elytra do not have velvety spots); and male ejaculatory guide symmetrical, without sheath. From <i>Exema</i> it can be separated by the following characters: males without spines or spinulae on first ventrite; 5 th antennomere nearly as large as 6 th; sutural serration of elytra usually incomplete (suture entire immediately following mesoscutellum); and prosternum posteriorly pointed (narrowed), posteriorly much narrower than anterior margin. No Australasian species were examined for this study, but according to Reid (1991) native Australasian species of <i>Chlamisus</i> do not fit into any current definition given for either American (Karren 1972; Monrós 1951) or Oriental (Gressitt and Kimoto, 1961) species. Reid (1991) also recognized several characteristics distinguishing Oriental (South-East Asian) and American species. Comparison of the paratype of <i>Chlamisus rousei</i> Medvedev, 1993 described from Puerto Rico with specimens of <i>Chlamisus straminea</i> Suffrian, 1866 from Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands revealed that they are conspecific, therefore we here synonymize these names. There are approximately 400 species of <i>Chlamisus</i> in the world (Monrós 1952; Reid 1991); approximately 100 Neotropical, 45 Palearctic, 18 Nearctic, 22 Oriental, 6 Afrotropical, and 2 Australasian (naturally occurring). <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Chlamisus foveolatus</i> (Knoch): 1) a. [USA] Beltsville, MD, VIII. 5/ b. <i>Chlamisus foveolatus</i> (Knoch) det. Kar- ren 1971. 2) a. [USA] VI.10.11, Southern Pines, NC, AH Manee/ b. <i>Chlami-</i> <i>sus</i> <i>foveolatus</i> (Knoch) det. Karren 1971. <i>Chlamisus maculipes</i> (Chevrolat): 1) a. Mexico, Salle/ b. F. Monrós Collection, 1959/ c. <i>Chlamisus maculipes</i> (Chevr.) F. Monrós det. 1949. <i>Chlamisus obidensis</i> Monrós: 1) a. [Brazil] Teffe (Ega), Amazonas, M. de Mathan, IV.78 et I.79/ b. F. Mon- rós Collection, 1959. <i>Chlamisus pilifrons</i> (Lefevre): 1) a. [India] Rhamnaq (Hindustan)/ b. Ex. Musaeo Lefevre, 1894/ c. F. Mon- rós Collection, 1959/ d. <i>Chlamisus pilifrons</i> Lef. F. Monrós det. 1956. <i>Chlamisus pubiceps</i> Chen: 1) a. Russia, Far East, Ussury region, Kondrat’evka, 28.VII.1992, leg. A. Kon- stantinov/ b. <i>Chlamisus pubiceps</i> Chen, det. A. Konstantinov. <i>Chlamisus semirufus</i> Chen: 1) a. nr. Foochow, China, 1921-4, CR Kellog. <i>Chlamisus straminea</i> Suffrian: 1) a. [Puerto Rico] on leaves of <i>Diascorea</i>, Ponce PR, 11. VIII.33, R.G. Oakley, SS 4489. 2) a. St. Thomas Vir. Ids., June 5, 1917 (122), Harold Morrison/ b. F. Monrós Collection, 1959/ c. <i>Chlamisus straminea</i> Suffr. F. Monrós det. 1954. 3) a. From Puerto Rico / b. Paratypus, <i>Chlamisus rousei</i> L. Medv.
description: Published as part of <i>Chamorro-Lacayo, Maria &amp; Konstantinov, Alexander, 2009, Synopsis of warty leaf beetle genera of the world (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae, Chlamisini), pp. 63-88 in ZooKeys 8 (8)</i> on pages 71-72, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.8.90, http://zenodo.org/record/576444
description: {"references": ["Knoch AW (1801) Neue Beytrage zur Insectenkunde, vol. 1. Schwinkert, Leipzig, 208 pp.", "Navajas E (1946) Os genotipos da Fam. Fulcidacidae (Col. Chrysomelidae). Papeis avulsos do Departomento de Zoologia 7: 243 - 245", "Rafinesque CS (1815) Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organises. Palermo, 224 pp.", "Monros F (1952) Revision de las especies argentinas de Chlamisinae (Col., Chrysomelidae) (5 a contribucion al conocimiento de Chlamisinae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana 10: 489 - 672.", "Reid CAM (1991) The Australian species of Chlamisini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 30: 315 - 323.", "Karren JB (1972) A revision of the subfamily Chlamisinae of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 49: 875 - 988.", "Monros F (1951) Notes on Chrysomelid beetles of the subfamily Chlamisinae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 101: 451 - 463.", "Gressitt JL, Kimoto S (1961) The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 1. Pacific Insects Monographs 1 A: 1 - 299."]}