cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Peptidomimetic Escape Mechanisms Arise via Genetic Diversity in the Ligand-Binding Site of the Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Serine Protease
Creators: name: Zeuzem, Stefan
name: Welsch, Christoph
name: Lengauer, Thomas
name: Yang, Yan
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: Hartmann, Christoph
name: Shimakami, Tetsuro
name: Domingues, Francisco S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: It is a challenge to develop direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target the NS3/4A protease of hepatitis C virus (HCV) because resistant variants develop. Ketoamide compounds, designed to mimic the natural protease substrate, have been developed as inhibitors. However, clinical trials have revealed rapid selection of resistant mutants, most of which are considered to be pre-existing variants.
The replacement rate that maintains income satisfaction through retirement: The question of income-dependence
Creators: name: Schmied, Julian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Income satisfaction
subject: Saving adequacy
subject: Retirement
subject: Pensions
subject: Inequality
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Benchmark replacement rates are commonly used to set up saving plans or to assess retirement preparedness. An open question is whether high earners need the same replacement rate as low earners. In this paper, I apply the GAESE framework, an approach known from the equivalence scale literature, to assess how the replacement rate that maintains income satisfaction through retirement relates to income levels. Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, and applying fixed-effects ordered logit models, I find that the benchmark replacement rate decreases with income. For singles, this finding is consistent across many modifications of the approach, whereas for couples the finding is sensitive to the composition of the retiree household, i.e. whether or not the retiree’s partner is still employed.
All supplementary materials from Chernobyl-level radiation exposure damages bumblebee reproduction: a laboratory experiment
Creators: name: Raines, Katherine E.
name: Whitehorn, Penelope R.
name: Copplestone, David
name: Tinsley, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: All the supplementary tables and figures referenced in the text
Absolute dimensions and apsidal motion of the eclipsing binaries V889 Aquilae and V402 Lacertae
Creators: name: Baroch, D.
name: Giménez, A.
name: Morales, J. C.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Herrero, E.
name: Perdelwitz, V.
name: Jordi, C.
name: Granzer, T.
name: Allende Prieto, C.
Publisher: name: Les Ulis : EDP Sciences
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: binaries: eclipsing
subject: binaries: spectroscopic
subject: eclipses
subject: techniques: photometric
subject: techniques: radial velocities
subject: techniques: spectroscopic
subject: 520

description: Context. Double-lined eclipsing binaries allow the direct determination of masses and radii, which are key for testing stellar models. With the launch of the TESS mission, many well-known eclipsing binaries have been observed at higher photometric precision, permitting the improvement of the absolute dimension determinations. Aims. Using TESS data and newly obtained spectroscopic observations, we aim to determine the masses and radii of the eccentric eclipsing binary systems V889 Aql and V402 Lac, together with their apsidal motion parameters. Methods. We simultaneously modelled radial velocity curves and times of eclipse for each target to precisely determine the orbital parameters of the systems, which we used to analyse the light curves and then obtain their absolute dimensions. We compared the obtained values with those predicted by theoretical models. Results. We determined masses and radii of the components of both systems with relative uncertainties lower than 2%. V889 Aql is composed of two stars with masses 2:17±0:02 M⊙ and 2:13±0:01 M⊙ and radii 1:87±0:04 R⊙ and 1:85±0:04 R⊙.We find conclusive evidence of the presence of a third body orbiting V889 Aql with a period of 67 yr. Based on the detected third light and the absence of signal in the spectra, we suggest that this third body could in turn be a binary composed of two ±1.4 M⊙ stars. V402 Lac is composed of two stars with masses 2:80 ± 0:05 M⊙ and 2:78 ± 0:05 M⊙ and radii 2:38 ± 0:03 R⊙ and 2:36 ± 0:03 R⊙. The times of minimum light are compatible with the presence of a third body for this system too, although its period is not yet fully sampled. In both cases we have found a good agreement between the observed apsidal motion rates and the model predictions.
Viscous Topical Is More Effective Than Nebulized Steroid Therapy for Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Creators: name: Hores, Jessica M.
name: Madanick, Ryan D.
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
name: Sheikh, Arif
name: Woosley, John T.
name: Orlando, Roy C.
name: Dellon, Evan S.
name: Whitlow, Ann B.
name: Speck, Olga
name: Ivanovic, Marija
name: Chau, Allen
name: Woodward, Kimberly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We performed a randomized trial to compare nebulized and viscous topical steroid treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Subjects with incident EoE (n=25) received budesonide 1 mg twice daily—either nebulized and then swallowed (NEB) or as an oral viscous slurry (OVB)—for 8 weeks. Baseline eosinophil counts for the NEB and OVB groups were 101 and 83 (P=.62). Post-treatment counts were 89 and 11 (P=.02). The mucosal medication contact time, measured by scintigraphy, was higher for the OVB group than the NEB group (PP=.001). OVB was more effective than NEB in reducing numbers of esophageal eosinophils in patients with EoE. OVB provided a significantly higher level of esophageal exposure to the therapeutic agent, which correlated with lower eosinophil counts.
Anatomy-specific classification of medical images using deep convolutional nets
Creators: name: Roth, Holger R.
name: Lee, Christopher T.
name: Shin, Hoo-Chang
name: Seff, Ari
name: Kim, Lauren
name: Yao, Jianhua
name: Lu, Le
name: Summers, Ronald M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated classification of human anatomy is an important prerequisite for many computer-aided diagnosis systems. The spatial complexity and variability of anatomy throughout the human body makes classification difficult. "Deep learning" methods such as convolutional networks (ConvNets) outperform other state-of-the-art methods in image classification tasks. In this work, we present a method for organ- or body-part-specific anatomical classification of medical images acquired using computed tomography (CT) with ConvNets. We train a ConvNet, using 4,298 separate axial 2D key-images to learn 5 anatomical classes. Key-images were mined from a hospital PACS archive, using a set of 1,675 patients. We show that a data augmentation approach can help to enrich the data set and improve classification performance. Using ConvNets and data augmentation, we achieve anatomy-specific classification error of 5.9 % and area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of an average of 0.998 in testing. We demonstrate that deep learning can be used to train very reliable and accurate classifiers that could initialize further computer-aided diagnosis.
description: Presented at: 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, April 16-19, 2015, New York Marriott at Brooklyn Bridge, NY, USA
Screened moments and absence of ferromagnetism in FeAl
Creators: name: Galler, Anna
name: Taranto, Ciro
name: Wallerberger, Markus
name: Kaltak, Merzuk
name: Kresse, Georg
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
name: Toschi, Alessandro
name: Held, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the stoichiometric intermetallic compound FeAl is found to be paramagnetic in experiment, standard band-theory approaches predict the material to be ferromagnetic. We show that this discrepancy can be overcome by a better treatment of electronic correlations with density functional plus dynamical mean field theory. Our results show no ferromagnetism down to 100 K and since the susceptibility is decreasing at the lowest temperatures studied we also do not expect ferromagnetism at even lower temperatures. This behavior is found to originate from temporal quantum fluctuations that screen short-lived local magnetic moments of 1.6 $μ_B$ on Fe.
Unstable CMC spheres and outlying CMC spheres in AF 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Ma, Shiguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M15

description: In this paper, we introduce a non linear ODE method to construct CMC surfaces in Riemannian manifolds with symmetry. As an application we construct unstable CMC spheres and outlying CMC spheres in asymptotically Schwarzschild manifolds with metrics like $g_{ij}=(1+\frac{1}{l})^{2}δ_{ij}+O(l^{-2})$. The existence of unstable CMC spheres tells us that the stability condition in Qing-Tian's work [Qing-Tian-CMC] can not be removed generally.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures
Influence of substrate type on transport properties of superconducting FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films
Creators: name: Yuan, Feifei
name: Iida, Kazumasa
name: Langer, Marco
name: Hänisch, Jens
name: Ichinose, Ataru
name: Tsukada, Ichiro
name: Sala, Alberto
name: Putti, Marina
name: Hühne, Ruben
name: Schultz, Ludwig
name: Shi, Zhixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on CaF2, LaAlO3 and MgO substrates and structurally and electro-magnetically characterized in order to study the influence of the substrate on their transport properties. The in-plane lattice mismatch between FeSe0.5Te0.5 bulk and the substrates shows no influence on the lattice parameters of the films, whereas the type of substrates affects the crystalline quality of the films and, therefore, the superconducting properties. The film on MgO showed an extra peak in the angular dependence of critical current density Jc(θ) at θ = 180° (H || c), which arises from c-axis defects as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. In contrast, no Jc(θ) peaks for H || c were observed in films on CaF2 and LaAlO3. Jc(θ) can be scaled successfully for both films without c-axis correlated defects by the anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau (AGL) approach with appropriate anisotropy ratio γJ. The scaling parameter γJ is decreasing with decreasing temperature, which is different from what we observed in FeSe0.5Te0.5 films on Fe-buffered MgO substrates.
description: accepted for publication in SUST
Carbon Monoxide and Heme Oxygenase-1 Prevent Intestinal Inflammation in Mice by Promoting Bacterial Clearance
Creators: name: Onyiah, Joseph C.
name: Sheikh, Shehzad Z.
name: Otterbein, Leo E.
name: Kobayashi, Taku
name: Mackey, Lantz C.
name: Russo, Steven M.
name: Moeser, Adam J.
name: Plevy, Scott E.
name: Steinbach, Erin C.
name: Rawls, John F.
name: Borst, Luke B.
name: Maharshak, Nitsan
name: Hansen, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its metabolic by-product, carbon monoxide (CO), protect against intestinal inflammation in experimental models of colitis, but little is known about their intestinal immune mechanisms. We investigated the interactions among CO, HO-1, and the enteric microbiota in mice and zebrafish.
The efficacy of rational-emotive education with school students
Creators: name: King, Judy
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130399 Specialist Studies in Education not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: School counsellors are increasingly recognising the importance of preparing children and adolescents to deal more effectively with the typical problems and feelings they encounter during the course of growing up. This study describes the principles of rational -emotive education (REE), an emotional education programme based on Albert Ellis's rational -emotive therapy, and applies these principles to heterogeneous groups of Year 11/12 students (n=22), and Year 7 students (n=52), in regular classroom settings. Participants met for four to five hours per week for three weeks. Sessions were conducted in lieu of standard class lessons. The REE intervention appears to be beneficial for both groups of students in enhancing certain aspects of personality and in reducing self -report measures of emotional distress. Students in the Year 7 group show greater acceptance of the programme, however, and show greater pre-treatment/post-treatment response changes than do the students in Year 11/12. Some suggestions for future research are offered in the light of these findings.
3D surface reconstruction of cellular cryo-soft X-ray microscopy tomograms using semisupervised deep learning
Creators: name: Dyhr, Michael C. A.
name: Sadeghi, Mohsen
name: Moynova, Ralitsa
name: Knappe, Carolin
name: Çakmak, Burcu Kepsutlu
name: Werner, Stephan
name: Schneider, Gerd
name: McNally, James
name: Noé, Frank
name: Ewers, Helge
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cryo-soft X-ray microscopy
subject: deep learning
subject: automated segmentation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Cryo-soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT) is a powerful method to investigate the ultrastructure of cells, offering resolution in the tens of nanometer range and strong contrast for membranous structures without requiring labeling or chemical fixation. The short acquisition time and the relatively large field of view leads to fast acquisition of large amounts of tomographic image data. Segmentation of these data into accessible features is a necessary step in gaining biologically relevant information from cryo-soft X-ray tomograms. However, manual image segmentation still requires several orders of magnitude more time than data acquisition. To address this challenge, we have here developed an end-to-end automated 3D segmentation pipeline based on semisupervised deep learning. Our approach is suitable for high-throughput analysis of large amounts of tomographic data, while being robust when faced with limited manual annotations and variations in the tomographic conditions. We validate our approach by extracting three-dimensional information on cellular ultrastructure and by quantifying nanoscopic morphological parameters of filopodia in mammalian cells.
Beschreibung und Vergleich der weltweit größten Kohorte mit Pantothenatkinase-assoziierter Neurodegeneration.
Creators: name: Schulz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 300 Social sciences
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Die Pantothenatkinase-assoziierte Neurodegeneration ist eine sehr seltene Erkrankung mit einer geschätzten Prävalenz von 1-3/Million. In Cabral, einem ländlichen Gebiet in der Dominikanischen Republik, liegt die Prävalenz jedoch bei 1/670. Diese Arbeit dient der Beschreibung der Patienten und ihrer Familien in Cabral und ordnet sie in die aktuelle Literatur ein, zeigt die Besonderheit der Kohorte in Cabral auf und geht auf Gründe der hohen Prävalenz, wie auch der effektiven Reduktion der Häufung in Cabral ein.
The quasihereditary structure of the Auslander-Dlab-Ringel algebra
Creators: name: Conde, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given an arbitrary algebra $A$ we may associate to it a special endomorphism algebra, $R_A$, introduced by Auslander. Dlab and Ringel constructed a heredity chain for $R_A$, proving that every algebra $A$ has an associated highest weight theory. In this paper we investigate the quasihereditary structure of $R_A$ using an axiomatic approach.
description: 17 pages. A mistake was corrected, and the exposition changed substantially after referee report. The results are unchanged. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Algebra
Model-free optimization of power/efficiency tradeoffs in quantum thermal machines using reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Erdman, Paolo A.
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: quantum thermal machines
subject: reinforcement learning
subject: quantum optimal control
subject: quantum thermodynamics
subject: quantum technologies
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: A quantum thermal machine is an open quantum system that enables the conversion between heat and work at the micro or nano-scale. Optimally controlling such out-of-equilibrium systems is a crucial yet challenging task with applications to quantum technologies and devices. We introduce a general model-free framework based on reinforcement learning to identify out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic cycles that are Pareto optimal tradeoffs between power and efficiency for quantum heat engines and refrigerators. The method does not require any knowledge of the quantum thermal machine, nor of the system model, nor of the quantum state. Instead, it only observes the heat fluxes, so it is both applicable to simulations and experimental devices. We test our method on a model of an experimentally realistic refrigerator based on a superconducting qubit, and on a heat engine based on a quantum harmonic oscillator. In both cases, we identify the Pareto-front representing optimal power-efficiency tradeoffs, and the corresponding cycles. Such solutions outperform previous proposals made in the literature, such as optimized Otto cycles, reducing quantum friction.
Identification of Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Tumors in a Genome-Wide Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rosse, Stephanie A.
name: Gogarten, Stephanie M.
name: Coetzee, Gerhard A.
name: Slattery, Martha L.
name: Kolonel, Laurence N.
name: Duggan, David
name: Edwards, Todd
name: Hutter, Carolyn M.
name: Lacroix, Andrea Z.
name: Hunter, David J.
name: Giovannucci, Edward L.
name: Zhang, Ben
name: Zanke, Brent W.
name: Haile, Robert W.
name: Carlson, Christopher S.
name: Coetzee, Simon G.
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Potter, John D.
name: Casey, Graham
name: Fuchs, Charles S.
name: White, Emily
name: Rohan, Thomas
name: Chanock, Stephen J.
name: Le Marchand, Loic
name: Henderson, Brian E.
name: Conti, David V.
name: Seminara, Daniela
name: Gruber, Stephen B.
name: Schumacher, Fredrick R.
name: Matsuo, Keitaro
name: Peters, Ulrike
name: Hayes, Richard B.
name: Jenkins, Mark A.
name: Küry, Sébastien
name: Ulrich, Cornelia M.
name: Jia, Wei Hua
name: Brenner, Hermann
name: Hsu, Li
name: Makar, Karen W.
name: Butterbach, Katja
name: Shrubsole, Martha
name: Baron, John A.
name: Caan, Bette J.
name: Schoen, Robert E.
name: Laurie, Cathy C.
name: Bézieau, Stéphane
name: Hopper, John L.
name: Berndt, Sonja I.
name: Chan, Andrew T.
name: Laurie, Cecelia A.
name: Liu, Yan
name: Levine, David
name: Lindor, Noralane M.
name: Hudson, Thomas J.
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Taverna, Darin
name: Jackson, Rebecca D.
name: Thibodeau, Stephen N.
name: Chen, Lin S.
name: Lemire, Mathieu
name: Curtis, Keith R.
name: Shu, Xiao Ou
name: Campbell, Peter T.
name: Zeng, Yi Xin
name: Jee, Sun Ha
name: Xiang, Yongbing
name: Qu, Conghui
name: Jiao, Shuo
name: Aragaki, Aaron K.
name: Hoffmeister, Michael
name: Gallinger, Steven
name: Kooperberg, Charles
name: Prentice, Ross L.
name: Ma, Jing
name: Harrison, Tabitha A.
name: Zheng, Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Heritable factors contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Identifying the genetic loci associated with colorectal tumor formation could elucidate the mechanisms of pathogenesis.
Antineutrino flux from the Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant
Creators: name: Chavez-Estrada, Marisol
name: Aguilar-Arevalo, Alexis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the antineutrino flux produced by the reactors at the Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant in México, based on the antineutrino spectra produced in the decay chains of the fission fragments of the main isotopes in the reactor core, and their fission rates, that have been calculated using the DRAGON simulation code. We also present an estimate of the number of expected events in a detector made of plastic scintillator with a mass of 1 ton, at 100 m from the reactor cores.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Innate Immune Tolerance and the Role of Kupffer Cells in Differential Responses to Interferon Therapy Among Patients With HCV Genotype 1 Infection
Creators: name: Lau, Daryl T.Y.
name: Perelson, Alan S.
name: Sinha, Mala
name: Zhang, Yuhong
name: Gale Jr., Michael
name: Crochet, Nanette
name: Luxon, Bruce A.
name: Negash, Amina
name: Holder, Sharon
name: Saito, Takeshi
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: Chen, Jie
name: Guedj, Jeremie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, interferon alfa (IFN-α) alters expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), but little is understood about factors that determine outcomes of therapy. We used a systems biology approach to evaluate the acute response of patients with chronic hepatitis C to IFN-α therapy.
Isolation and Characterization of Intestinal Stem Cells Based on Surface Marker Combinations and Colony-Formation Assay
Creators: name: Perry, John M.
name: Fuller, Megan K.
name: Smith, Nicholas R.
name: Scoville, David
name: Mahe, Maxime M.
name: Wang, Fengchao
name: Lei, Nan Ye
name: Dunn, James C.Y.
name: Haug, Jeffrey S.
name: Box, Andrew
name: Wong, Melissa H.
name: McClain, Melainia
name: Stelzner, Matthias
name: He, Xi C.
name: Gracz, Adam D.
name: Helmrath, Michael
name: Davies, Paige S.
name: Ding, Sheng
name: Martin, Martin G.
name: Magness, Scott T.
name: Li, Linheng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Identification of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) has relied heavily on the use of transgenic reporters in mice, but this approach is limited by mosaic expression patterns and difficult to directly apply to human tissues. We sought to identify reliable surface markers of ISCs and establish a robust functional assay to characterize ISCs from mouse and human tissues.
Tensions between the Professions: How Integrated Care Can Benefit from Better Understanding and Managing Conflicting Perspectives and Demands
Creators: name: Haring, Malte
name: Freigang, Felix
name: Gersch, Martin
name: Amelung, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: tensions
subject: healthcare system
subject: integrated care
subject: workforce
subject: Spannungen
subject: Gesundheitssystem
subject: Integrierte Versorgung
subject: Arbeitskräfte
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In the transition from fragmented to integrated care, tensions are inevitable. Contradictions between the actors of the different professions involved can have negative but also positive effects on change processes in the healthcare system. This is especially true for integrated care, where collaboration among the workforce is pivotal. Therefore, efforts should not be made to avoid tensions from the outset, if this is at all possible, but to deal with them constructively. The attention of leading actors must be increased to recognize, analyse, and successfully manage tensions. The creative potential of tensions can be harnessed to successfully implement integrated care and engage the diverse workforce.
description: Beim Übergang von der fragmentierten zur integrierten Versorgung sind Spannungen unvermeidlich. Widersprüchlichkeiten zwischen den Akteuren der verschiedenen an der Versorgung beteiligten Berufsgruppen können sich sowohl negativ als auch positiv auf Veränderungsprozesse im Gesundheitswesen auswirken. Dies gilt insbesondere für die integrierte Versorgung, bei der die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Arbeitskräften von zentraler Bedeutung ist. Es sollte daher nicht versucht werden, Spannungen von vornherein zu vermeiden, sofern dies überhaupt möglich ist, sondern konstruktiv mit ihnen umzugehen. Die Aufmerksamkeit der verantwortlichen Akteure muss erhöht werden, um Spannungen zu erkennen, zu analysieren und erfolgreich zu bewältigen. Das kreative Potenzial von Spannungen kann genutzt werden, um die integrierte Versorgung erfolgreich umzusetzen und die diversen Arbeitskräfte in diese einzubinden.
Statefinder diagnosis for holographic dark energy in the DGP braneworld
Creators: name: Ghaffari, S.
name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Dehghani, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many dark energy (DE) models have been proposed, in recent years, to explain acceleration of the Universe expansion. It seems necessary to discriminate the various DE models in order to check the viability of each model. Statefinder diagnostic is a useful method which can differentiate various DE models. In this paper, we investigate the statefinder diagnosis parameters for the holographic dark energy (HDE) model in two cosmological setup. First, we study statefinder diagnosis for HDE in the context of flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) Universe in Einstein gravity. Then, we extend our study to the DGP braneworld framework. As system's IR cutoff we chose the Hubble radius and the Granda-Oliveros cutoff inspired by Ricci scalar curvature. We plot the evolution of statefinder parameres $\{r,s\}$ in terms of the redshift parameter $z$. We also compare the results with those obtained for statefinder diagnosis parameters of other DE models, in particular with $Λ$CDM model.
description: 14 pages
A Histologic Scoring System for Prognosis of Patients With Alcoholic Hepatitis
Creators: name: Altamirano, José
name: Rincón, Diego
name: Mathurin, Philippe
name: Leteurtre, Emmanuelle
name: Caballería, Juan
name: Miquel, Rosa
name: Smyrk, Thomas C.
name: Bruguera, Miquel
name: Jalan, Rajiv
name: Bañares, Rafael
name: Roskams, Tania
name: Guerrero-Marquez, Carmen
name: García-Pagán, Juan Carlos
name: Abraldes, Juan G.
name: Jones, Patricia D.
name: Nevens, Frederik
name: Ruiz, Pablo
name: Ginès, Pere
name: Buob, David
name: Arroyo, Vicente
name: Michelena, Javier
name: Duarte-Rojo, Andrés
name: Louvet, Alexandre
name: Mookerjee, Rajeshwar P.
name: Shah, Vijay H.
name: Barritt, A. Sidney
name: Katoonizadeh, Aezam
name: Augustin, Salvador
name: Bataller, Ramón
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: There is no histologic classification system to determine prognoses of patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH). We identified histologic features associated with disease severity and created a histologic scoring system to predict short-term (90 day) mortality.
A decrease in rockfall probability under climate change conditions in Germany
Creators: name: Nissen, Katrin M.
name: Wilde, Martina
name: Kreuzer, Thomas M.
name: Wohlers, Annika
name: Damm, Bodo
name: Ulbrich, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: rockfall probability
subject: climate change
subject: Germany
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The effect of climate change on rockfalls in the German low mountain regions is investigated following two different approaches. The first approach uses a logistic regression model that describes the combined effect of precipitation, freeze–thaw cycles, and fissure water on rockfall probability. The climate change signal for the past 6 decades is analysed by applying the model to meteorological observations. The possible effect of climate change until the end of the century is explored by applying the statistical model to the output of a multi-model ensemble of 23 regional climate scenario simulations. It is found that the number of days per year exhibiting an above-average probability for rockfalls has mostly been decreasing during the last few decades. Statistical significance is, however, present at only a few sites. A robust and statistically significant decrease can be seen in the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climate scenario 8.5 (RCP8.5) simulations for Germany and neighbouring regions, locally falling below −10 % when comparing the last 30 years of the 20th century to the last 30 years of the 21st century. The most important factor determining the projected decrease in rockfall probability is a reduction in the number of freeze–thaw cycles expected under future climate conditions. For the second approach four large-scale meteorological patterns that are associated with enhanced rockfall probability are identified from reanalysis data. The frequency of all four patterns exhibits a seasonal cycle that maximises in the cold half of the year (winter and spring). Trends in the number of days that can be assigned to these patterns are determined both in meteorological reanalysis data and in climate simulations. In the reanalysis no statistically significant trend is found. For the future scenario simulations all climate models show a statistically significant decrease in the number of rockfall-promoting weather situations.
Spin diffusion in liquid 3He confined in nafen
Creators: name: Dmitriev, V. V.
name: Melnikovsky, L. A.
name: Senin, A. A.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
name: Yudin, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of spin diffusion measurements in normal phase of liquid 3He confined in nafen. Nafen is a new type of aerogel and it consists of Al2O3 strands which are nearly parallel to one another at macroscopic distances. We examine two samples of nafen with different porosities using spin echo techniques. Spin diffusion of 3He along and across the strands was measured. The aerogel alignment is clearly evident from observed spin diffusion anisotropy. A theory describing this effect is developed and compared with the experiment.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to JETP Lett
Advances in Clinical Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Creators: name: Liacouras, Chris A.
name: Dellon, Evan S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: EoE is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated clinicopathologic condition that has become an increasingly important cause of upper gastrointestinal morbidity in adults and children over the past 2 decades. It is diagnosed based on symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, the presence of at least 15 eosinophils/high-power field in esophageal biopsies, and exclusion of competing causes of esophageal eosinophilia, including proton pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia (PPI-REE). We review what we have recently learned about the clinical aspects of EoE, discussing the clinical, endoscopic, and histologic features of EoE in adults and children. We explain the current diagnostic criteria and challenges to diagnosis, including the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease and PPI-REE. It is also important to consider the epidemiology of EoE (current incidence of 1/10,000 new cases per year and prevalence of 0.5-1/1,000 cases per year) and disease progression. We review the main treatment approaches and new treatment options; EoE can be treated with topical corticosteroids such as fluticasone and budesonide, or dietary strategies, such as amino acid-based formulas, allergy test-directed elimination diets, and non-directed empiric elimination diets. Endoscopic dilation has also become an important tool for treatment of fibrostenostic complications of EoE. There are number of unresolved issues in EoE, including phenotypes, optimal treatment endpoints, the role of maintenance therapy, and treatment of refractory EoE. The care of patients with EoE and the study of the disease span many disciplines—EoE is ideally managed by a multidisciplinary team of gastroenterologists, allergists, pathologists, and dieticians.
Correction: Increasing ion yield circular dichroism in femtosecond photoionisation using optimal control theory
Creators: name: Mondelo-Martell, Manel
name: Kerber, Leon A.
name: Basilewitsch, Daniel
name: Braun, Hendrike
name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Reich, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ion yield circular dichroism
subject: femtosecond photoionisation
subject: optimal control theory
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Correction for ‘Increasing ion yield circular dichroism in femtosecond photoionisation using optimal control theory’ by Manel Mondelo-Martell et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 9286–9297, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CP05239J. The authors have detected two issues in the numerical simulations reported in the originally published version of the article. First, the values of the electric and magnetic transition moments, obtained from quantum chemistry calculations were not sufficiently converged. Second, there was a mistake in the implementation of the rotational averaging in the model. After fixing these errors and choosing an improved optimisation functional, new simulations yield quantitatively different results. However, the physical mechanisms of the optimised pulses identified in the original paper remain valid. Here, the authors summarise the origin of the errors in the original publication and present newly converged energies, permanent and transition moments, as well as corrected figures and conclusions. Specifically, Tables 1 and 2 in the original article have been replaced with the corresponding tables in this correction, and Fig. 2–5 in the original article by Fig. 1–4 in this correction respectively. The authors also introduce and explain the new functional that has been used to optimise the pulse.
Friedmann-Lemaitre Cosmologies via Roulettes and Other Analytic Methods
Creators: name: Chen, Shouxin
name: Gibbons, Gary W.
name: Yang, Yisong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a series of methods are developed for understanding the Friedmann equation when it is beyond the reach of the Chebyshev theorem. First it will be demonstrated that every solution of the Friedmann equation admits a representation as a roulette such that information on the latter may be used to obtain that for the former. Next the Friedmann equation is integrated for a quadratic equation of state and for the Randall--Sundrum II universe, leading to a harvest of a rich collection of new interesting phenomena. Finally an analytic method is used to isolate the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the Friedmann equation, when the equation of state is of an extended form which renders the integration impossible, and to establish a universal exponential growth law.
description: 40 pages, no figures
Supplementary Methods;Supplementary Result Tables from Risk factors for stereotypic behaviour in captive ungulates
Creators: name: Lewis, Kate
name: Parker, Matthew O.
name: Proops, Leanne
name: McBride, Sebastian D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Addtiional information the search protocols and the Bayesian regression model;The complete tabulation of log-odd ratios and effect estimates of risk factors for stereotypic behaviour using categorical and continuous predictor variables.
title: Assessing Parental Involvement in Required High School Financial Literacy Education Courses Taught in Utah School Districts
Creators: name: Gardner, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Financial management skills are used throughout our lives, from the first allowance we receive until we provide funds for our funeral services and burial. How do we learn financial skills that last us a lifetime?
Much of our learning comes from watching others, specifically as children and teens, even into young adulthood, as explained by Social Learning Theory. This informal learning can help or hinder us throughout our lives, especially when finances are involved. In recent years, the opportunities for formal education have increased.
Ideally, based on systems theory, formal and informal financial learning would work hand in hand for the best results. Specifically, is that happening in Utah’s required high school general financial literacy courses? This study assessed the degree to which parents/guardians are being involved with the formal financial teaching of their children, the ways parents/guardians were being involved, perceived benefits and obstacles of parental involvement, and if the educational background of the educator made a difference in their desire for further training in this area. An invitation to participate in an online survey was sent to all educators teaching General Financial Literacy in Utah’s public high schools. Insight was provided in this descriptive study that allowed recommendations for practice and future research in this area.
Content Representation of Tactile Mental Imagery in Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Creators: name: Nierhaus, Till
name: Wesolek, Sara
name: Pach, Daniel
name: Witt, Claudia M.
name: Blankenburg, Felix
name: Schmidt, Timo T.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: vibrotactile stimulation
subject: attention
subject: fMRI
subject: mental imagery
subject: MVPA
subject: S1
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: The imagination of tactile stimulation has been shown to activate primary somatosensory cortex (S1) with a somatotopic specificity akin to that seen during the perception of tactile stimuli. Using fMRI and multivariate pattern analysis, we investigate whether this recruitment of sensory regions also reflects content-specific activation (i.e., whether the activation in S1 is specific to the mental content participants imagined). To this end, healthy volunteers (n = 21) either perceived or imagined three types of vibrotactile stimuli (mental content) while fMRI data were acquired. Independent of the content, during tactile mental imagery we found activation of frontoparietal regions, supplemented with activation in the contralateral BA2 subregion of S1, replicating previous reports. While the imagery of the three different stimuli did not reveal univariate activation differences, using multivariate pattern classification, we were able to decode the imagined stimulus type from BA2. Moreover, cross-classification revealed that tactile imagery elicits activation patterns similar to those evoked by the perception of the respective stimuli. These findings promote the idea that mental tactile imagery involves the recruitment of content-specific activation patterns in sensory cortices, namely in S1.
X-ray outbursts of ESO 243-49 HLX-1: comparison with Galactic low-mass X-ray binary transients
Creators: name: Yan, Zhen
name: Zhang, Wenda
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Yu, Wenfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the outburst properties of the hyper-luminous X-ray source ESO 243-49 HLX-1, using the full set of Swift monitoring observations. We quantified the increase in the waiting time, recurrence time, and e-folding rise timescale along the outburst sequence, and the corresponding decrease in outburst duration, total radiated energy, and e-folding decay timescale, which confirms previous findings. HLX-1 spends less and less time in outburst and more and more time in quiescence, but its peak luminosity remains approximately constant. We compared the HLX-1 outburst properties with those of bright Galactic low-mass X-ray binary transients (LMXBTs). Our spectral analysis strengthens the similarity between state transitions in HLX-1 and those in Galactic LMXBTs. We also found that HLX-1 follows the nearly linear correlations between the hard-to-soft state transition luminosity and the peak luminosity, and between the rate of change of X-ray luminosity during the rise phase and the peak luminosity, which indicates that the occurrence of the hard-to-soft state transition of HLX-1 is similar to those of Galactic LMXBTs during outbursts. We found that HLX-1 does not follow the correlations between total radiated energy and peak luminosity, and between total radiated energy and e-folding rise/decay timescales we had previously identified in Galactic LMXBTs. HLX-1 would follow those correlations if the distance were several hundreds of kiloparsecs. However, invoking a much closer distance for HLX-1 is not a viable solution to this problem, as it introduces other, more serious inconsistencies with the observations.
description: 13 papges, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, proof corrections applied
Deletion of SIRT1 From Hepatocytes in Mice Disrupts Lipin-1 Signaling and Aggravates Alcoholic Fatty Liver
Creators: name: Yin, Huquan
name: Liang, Xiaomei
name: Ajmo, Joanne M.
name: Stevens Jr., Stanley M.
name: Odena, Gemma
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Hu, Ming
name: Li, Xiaoling
name: You, Min
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Sirtuin (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that regulates hepatic lipid metabolism by modifying histones and transcription factors. Ethanol exposure disrupts SIRT1 activity and contributes to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in rodents, but the exact pathogenic mechanism is not clear. We compared mice with liver-specific deletion of Sirt1 (Sirt1LKO) mice with their LOX littermates (controls).
Development and Validation of a Symptom-Based Activity Index for Adults With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Creators: name: Leung, John
name: Locke, G. Richard
name: Drouin, Eric
name: Gonsalves, Nirmala
name: Spergel, Jonathan M.
name: Wu, Tsung Teh
name: Alexander, Jeffrey A.
name: Yang, Guang Yu
name: Chehade, Mirna
name: Maurer, Elisabeth
name: Dellon, Evan S.
name: Aceves, Seema S.
name: Butterfield, Joseph H.
name: Krishna, Murli
name: Hirano, Ikuo
name: Crowell, Michael D.
name: Gupta, Sandeep K.
name: Straumann, Alex
name: Netzer, Peter
name: Zwahlen, Marcel
name: Armstrong, David
name: Kita, Hirohito
name: Kern, Emily
name: Taft, Tiffany H.
name: Orbelo, Diana M.
name: Yost, Kathleen J.
name: De Petris, Giovanni
name: Katzka, David A.
name: DeVault, Kenneth R.
name: Lim, Kaiser
name: Ramirez, Francisco C.
name: Lewis, John C.
name: Guyatt, Gordon H.
name: Moawad, Fouad J.
name: Haas, Nadine A.
name: Francis, Dawn L.
name: Arora, Amindra S.
name: Safroneeva, Ekaterina
name: Woosley, John T.
name: Panczak, Radoslaw
name: Foxx-Orenstein, Amy
name: Enders, Felicity T.
name: Harris, Lucinda A.
name: Nguyen, Cuong C.
name: Kagalwalla, Amir F.
name: Murray, Joseph A.
name: Achem, Sami R.
name: Furuta, Glenn T.
name: Lee, James J.
name: Enav, Benjamin
name: Bussmann, Christian
name: Schoepfer, Alain M.
name: Pasha, Shabana F.
name: Sheikh, Javed
name: Collins, Margaret H.
name: Romero, Yvonne
name: Fleischer, David E.
name: Smyrk, Thomas C.
name: Wo, John M.
name: Attwood, Stephen E.
name: Coslovsky, Michael
name: Yan, Pu
name: Alpan, Oral
name: Umar, Sarah B.
name: Kuehni, Claudia E.
name: Weiler, Catherine R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Standardized instruments are needed to assess the activity of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), to provide endpoints for clinical trials and observational studies. We aimed to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument and score, based on items that could account for variations in patients’ assessments of disease severity. We also evaluated relationships between patients’ assessment of disease severity and EoE-associated endoscopic, histologic, and laboratory findings.
Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury Is Associated With Substantial Morbidity and Mortality Within 6 Months From Onset
Creators: name: Barnhart, Huiman
name: Watkins, Paul B.
name: Chalasani, Naga
name: Reddy, K. Rajender
name: Hayashi, Paul H.
name: Serrano, Jose
name: Davern, Timothy
name: Lee, William M.
name: Talwakar, Jayant A.
name: Fontana, Robert J.
name: Stolz, Andrew
name: Gu, Jiezhun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Little is known about the incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and risk factors for adverse outcomes. We evaluated short-term outcomes of a large cohort of patients with DILI enrolled in an ongoing multicenter prospective study.
Kinetic Analyses Reveal Potent and Early Blockade of Hepatitis C Virus Assembly by NS5A Inhibitors
Creators: name: Feng, Zongdi
name: Asante-Appiah, Ernest
name: Masaki, Takahiro
name: Howe, Anita Y.
name: Lahser, Frederick
name: Neddermann, Petra
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: McGivern, David R.
name: Williford, Sara
name: De Francesco, Raffaele
name: Ingravallo, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: All-oral regimens combining different classes of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) are highly effective for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. NS5A inhibitors will likely form a component of future interferon-sparing treatment regimens. However, despite their potential, the detailed mechanism of action of NS5A inhibitors is unclear. To study their mechanisms, we compared their kinetics of antiviral suppression with those of other classes of DAA, using the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1a cell culture-infectious virus H77S.3.