cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Near-neutral pH Intercalation of Graphite in Aqueous (NH4)2SO4
Creators: name: Alcorn, Francis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Ion intercalated graphite compounds have frequently been investigated as battery electrodes, but have not yet received much attention for development of aqueous battery electrodes, another prominent topic in recent battery research, motivating an interest in demonstrating graphite intercalation in a near-neutral pH aqueous ammonium sulfate electrolyte. Agreement between electrochemical data and previous graphite intercalation studies suggested that intercalation proceeded at a potential around 1.9 V vs Ag/AgCl, though water splitting prevented quantitative determination of the magnitude of charge transfer. XRD coupled to electrochemical intercalation revealed expansion of the interlayer space of the graphite and intercalation up to stage 2. Intercalant gallery height was calculated to be around 4.2 Å and the intercalant was identified as bisulfate from agreement with past studies. Raman spectroscopy revealed that intercalation involves damage to the graphite lattice, based upon the appearance of the D-band during intercalation, indicating sp2 carbon of the graphite is being converted to sp3 carbon. Broadening of the carbon 1s peak in XPS likewise suggested that intercalation involves oxidation of the graphite.
MARINE PROTECTED AREAS & DIVING TOURISM IN THE GREEK SEAS: PRACTICES AND PERSPECTIVES
Creators: name: Gerovassileiou, Vassilis
name: Koutsoubas, Drosos
name: Sini, Maria
name: Paikou, Katerina
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: The adoption of a new legal framework concerning recreational diving activities in Greece has generated an increased demand for the development of diving tourism in the country. The present report draws upon previous experience regarding the promotion of sub-aquatic activities found elsewhere, analyses the potential of establishing diving tourism in the Greek Marine Protected Areas, and describes what an adequate management plan should ideally encompass, in order to ensure the conservation of the marine environment and subsequently the long term viability of this highly profitable form of ecotourism.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Exploring Evolved Multicellular Life Histories in a Open-Ended Digital Evolution System
Creators: name: Moreno, Matthew Andres
name: Ofria, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evolutionary transitions occur when previously-independent replicating entities unite to form more complex individuals. Such transitions have profoundly shaped natural evolutionary history and occur in two forms: fraternal transitions involve lower-level entities that are kin (e.g., transitions to multicellularity or to eusocial colonies), while egalitarian transitions involve unrelated individuals (e.g., the origins of mitochondria). The necessary conditions and evolutionary mechanisms for these transitions to arise continue to be fruitful targets of scientific interest. Here, we examine a range of fraternal transitions in populations of open-ended self-replicating computer programs. These digital cells were allowed to form and replicate kin groups by selectively adjoining or expelling daughter cells. The capability to recognize kin-group membership enabled preferential communication and cooperation between cells. We repeatedly observed group-level traits that are characteristic of a fraternal transition. These included reproductive division of labor, resource sharing within kin groups, resource investment in offspring groups, asymmetrical behaviors mediated by messaging, morphological patterning, and adaptive apoptosis. We report eight case studies from replicates where transitions occurred and explore the diverse range of adaptive evolved multicellular strategies.
Two-dimensional electron gas at the LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ inteface with a potential barrier
Creators: name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Dugaev, V. K.
name: Barnaś, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a tight binding description of electronic properties of the interface between LaAlO$_3$ (LAO) and SrTiO$_3$ (STO). The description assumes LAO and STO perovskites as sets of atomic layers in the $x$-$y$ plane, which are weakly coupled by an interlayer hopping term along the $z$ axis. The interface is described by an additional potential, $U_0$, which simulates a planar defect. Physically, the interfacial potential can result from either a mechanical stress at the interface or other structural imperfections. We show that depending on the potential strength, charge carriers (electrons or holes) may form an energy band which is localized at the interface and is within the band gaps of the constituting materials (LAO and STO). Moreover, our description predicts a {\it valve effect} at a certain critical potential strength, $U_{0cr}$, when the interface potential works as a valve suppressing the interfacial conductivity. In other words, the interfacial electrons become dispersionless at $U_0= U_{0cr}$, and thus cannot propagate. This critical value separates the {\it quasielectron} ($U_0$ $U_{0cr}$) regimes of the interfacial conductivity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Standard level 2 products from Superconducting Submillimeter-wave Limb-emission Sounder (SMILES)
Creators: name: Shiotani Masato
Publisher: name: SMILES mission team
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Global and vertical distribution data of atmospheric minor constituents in the middle atmosphere (O3, HCl, ClO, HNO3, HOCl, CH3CN, BrO, HO2, Temperature, O3 isotopes)

description: The Superconducting Submillimeter‐Wave Limb‐Emission Sounder (SMILES) was successfully launched and attached to the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) on the International Space Station (ISS) on 25 September 2009. It has been making atmospheric observations since 12 October 2009 with the aid of a 4 K mechanical cooler and superconducting mixers for submillimeter limb‐emission sounding in the frequency bands of 624.32–626.32 GHz and 649.12–650.32 GHz . On the basis of the observed spectra, the data processing has been retrieving vertical profiles for the atmospheric minor constituents in the middle atmosphere, such as O3 with isotopes, HCl, ClO, HO2, BrO, and HNO3. Results from SMILES have demonstrated its high potential to observe atmospheric minor constituents in the middle atmosphere. Unfortunately, SMILES observations have been suspended since 21 April 2010 owing to the failure of a critical component.
Exploring Differences in Migraine Self-Medication by Social Status
Creators: name: Warstler, Jane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore (1) if there are disparities in medication type and dosage for migraine self-management across social location, especially with regard to opioid prevalence, (2) whether there are differences in reports of medication use based on the timing of reporting (i.e. during an acute headache attack, or when asked retrospectively about use), and (3) if there are disparities in levels of somatic symptoms and/or depression present with differing medications used by women in lower social locations compared to those in higher social locations. Methods: Secondary analysis using a descriptive cross-sectional design was performed on existing baseline data merged from five small pilot and feasibility studies.Results: We found that a greater number of individuals of higher social location reported taking recommended first-line medications for abortive migraine therapy (triptans and NSAIDs) than those of lower social location. There were no individuals who reported taking opioids specifically for the treatment of migraine/headache symptoms. With regard to headache onset, analysis of a small subgroup found discrepancies in medication reporting based on time of report. Overall, those in lower social locations reported higher levels of interictal burden, somatic symptoms, and comorbid depression than those in higher social locations. Conclusion: These findings suggest there may be differences in pharmacologic intervention and other symptoms outcomes for migraine by social location, as well as discrepancies in reports of medication use based on the timing of the report (retrospective, at headache onset).
AutoCone: An OmniDirectional Robot for Lane-Level Cone Placement
Creators: name: Hartzer, Jacob
name: Saripalli, Srikanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper summarizes the progress in developing a rugged, low-cost, automated ground cone robot network capable of traffic delineation at lane-level precision. A holonomic omnidirectional base with a traffic delineator was developed to allow flexibility in initialization. RTK GPS was utilized to reduce minimum position error to 2 centimeters. Due to recent developments, the cost of the platform is now less than $1,600. To minimize the effects of GPS-denied environments, wheel encoders and an Extended Kalman Filter were implemented to maintain lane-level accuracy during operation and a maximum error of 1.97 meters through 50 meters with little to no GPS signal. Future work includes increasing the operational speed of the platforms, incorporating lanelet information for path planning, and cross-platform estimation.
TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOODS, CONSERVATION AND RECREATION: REFLECTIONS ON MANAGING VISITATION IN NEW ZEALAND CONSERVATION PARKS
Creators: name: Thompson, Anna
name: Lovelock, Brent
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: This article discusses the findings of research conducted in protected natural areas in the South Island of New Zealand over three consecutive summers between December 2005 and May 2008. The primary purpose of the research was to gather perspectives and data about local community members’ and visitors’ recreational experiences and aspirations for future management of the conservation parks. Since 2005, ‘high country’ conservation parks have been designated by the country’s protected natural area manager, the Department of Conservation (DOC). The three South Island parks involved in this study - the Ahuriri, Ruataniwha and Hakatere Conservation Parks - were, prior to designation, leased and managed since the nineteenth century by multiple generations of farming families for agricultural purposes, primarily farming merino sheep and beef cattle. Thus the landscape has undergone transition from a farmed environment coexisting with natural features that have high conservation values to one where tourism and recreation activities dominate.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Vehicular Teamwork: Collaborative localization of Autonomous Vehicles
Creators: name: Hartzer, Jacob
name: Saripalli, Srikanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper develops a distributed collaborative localization algorithm based on an extended kalman filter. This algorithm incorporates Ultra-Wideband (UWB) measurements for vehicle to vehicle ranging, and shows improvements in localization accuracy where GPS typically falls short. The algorithm was first tested in a newly created open-source simulation environment that emulates various numbers of vehicles and sensors while simultaneously testing multiple localization algorithms. Predicted error distributions for various algorithms are quickly producible using the Monte-Carlo method and optimization techniques within MatLab. The simulation results were validated experimentally in an outdoor, urban environment. Improvements of localization accuracy over a typical extended kalman filter ranged from 2.9% to 9.3% over 180 meter test runs. When GPS was denied, these improvements increased up to 83.3% over a standard kalman filter. In both simulation and experimentally, the DCL algorithm was shown to be a good approximation of a full state filter, while reducing required communication between vehicles. These results are promising in showing the efficacy of adding UWB ranging sensors to cars for collaborative and landmark localization, especially in GPS-denied environments. In the future, additional moving vehicles with additional tags will be tested in other challenging GPS denied environments.
Public Documents
Creators: name: Lake, Sherry
name: Parham, Susan
name: Doty, Jennifer
name: Julian, Renaine
name: Mi, Ximin
name: Herndon, Joel
name: Swygart-Hobaugh, Mandy
name: Ruhs, Nick
name: Mi, Ximin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Symposium Logo, 2018 Slide Deck & Group Discussion documentation
Asylum Policies in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Perspective
Creators: name: Usher, Madelyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper seeks to explore the creation of asylum policies in the absence of
the Refugee Convention and gauge the outcomes of these policies on the refugee
population and argue for the value of utilizing local integration during
protracted refugee situations. To do so, I will examine the case of Burmese
refugees in Southeast Asia, with Thailand and Malaysia as case studies. I will
demonstrate that, despite similar formal policy responses, a few key
differences exist between Thailand and Malaysia in their handling of
asylum­‐seekers, and that these differences result in vastly different lived
realities for refugees. I attribute these discrepancies to differences in
informal policy implementation and argue that certain of these informal
approaches are more in keeping with international human rights standards—and
thus more favorable—than others. These informal mechanisms have helped
contribute to better outcomes for refugees living in Malaysia.
Variational Hodge conjecture for complete intersections on hypersurfaces in projective space
Creators: name: Kloosterman, Remke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we give a new and simplified proof of the variational Hodge conjecture for complete intersection cycles on a hypersurface in projective space.
Uncertainties in Galactic Chemical Evolution Models
Creators: name: Côté, Benoit
name: Ritter, Christian
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Herwig, Falk
name: Pignatari, Marco
name: Jones, Samuel
name: Fryer, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a simple one-zone galactic chemical evolution model to quantify the uncertainties generated by the input parameters in numerical predictions, for a galaxy with properties similar to those of the Milky Way. We compiled several studies from the literature to gather the current constraints for our simulations regarding the typical value and uncertainty of seven basic parameters, which are: the lower and upper mass limits of the stellar initial mass function (IMF), the slope of the high-mass end of the stellar IMF, the slope of the delay-time distribution function of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the number of SNeIa per Msun formed, the total stellar mass formed, and the final mass of gas. We derived a probability distribution function to express the range of likely values for every parameter, which were then included in a Monte Carlo code to run several hundred simulations with randomly selected input parameters. This approach enables us to analyze the predicted chemical evolution of 16 elements in a statistical way by identifying the most probable solutions along with their 68% and 95% confidence levels. Our results show that the overall uncertainties are shaped by several input parameters that individually contribute at different metallicities, and thus at different galactic ages. The level of uncertainty then depends on the metallicity and is different from one element to another. Among the seven input parameters considered in this work, the slope of the IMF and the number of SNe Ia are currently the two main sources of uncertainty.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables, accepted in ApJ (v.3 - 11/05/2016)
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONS, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND FUTURE BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS IN AGROTOURISM
Creators: name: Chatzigeorgiou, Chryssoula
name: Christou, Evangelos
name: Kassianidis, Panagiotis
name: Sigala, Marianna
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Marketers have been working tirelessly to determine the factors that lead to customer satisfaction presuming that customer satisfaction automatically leads to repeated customers. Service quality, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and repeat business are issues well recognized and investigated by researchers. Recent theory however suggests that service quality alone doesn’t necessarily encourage customers to repeat their choices, but rather, “complete” customer satisfaction does Thus, the main research question addressed in this paper is how to complete the relationship between “complete” customer satisfaction and repeat business. The customer’s emotions have been proved to be a key determinant to turn a satisfied customer into a repeated one. The research was conducted in 2009, addressed to customers of agrotourism businesses on Lesvos Island and Florina – Greece.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Contact Kinetics in Fractal Macromolecules
Creators: name: Dolgushev, Maxim
name: Guérin, Thomas
name: Blumen, Alexander
name: Bénichou, Olivier
name: Voituriez, Raphaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the kinetics of first contact between two monomers of the same macromolecule. Relying on a fractal description of the macromolecule, we develop an analytical method to compute the Mean First Contact Time (MFCT) for various molecular sizes. In our theoretical description, the non-Markovian feature of monomer motion, arising from the interactions with the other monomers, is captured by accounting for the non-equilibrium conformations of the macromolecule at the very instant of first contact. This analysis reveals a simple scaling relation for the MFCT between two monomers, which involves only their equilibrium distance and the spectral dimension of the macromolecule, independently of its microscopic details. Our theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with numerical stochastic simulations.
Noise-induced synchronization in bidirectionally coupled type-I neurons
Creators: name: Malik, Nishant
name: Ashok, B.
name: Balakrishnan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present here some studies on noise-induced order and synchronous firing in a system of bidirectionally coupled generic type-I neurons. We find that transitions from unsynchronized to completely synchronized states occur beyond a critical value of noise strength that has a clear functional dependence on neuronal coupling strength and input values. For an inhibitory-excitatory (IE) synaptic coupling, the approach to a partially synchronized state is shown to vary qualitatively depending on whether the input is less or more than a critical value. We find that introduction of noise can cause a delay in the bifurcation of the firing pattern of the excitatory neuron for IE coupling.
THE WELLNESS TOURISM MARKET IN GREECEAN INTERDISCIPLINARY METHODOLOGY APPROACH
Creators: name: Vasileiou, Magdalini
name: Tsartas, Paris
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Wellness tourism market world wide is experiencing rapid development in terms of size but also in terms of quality of the wellness tourism product. It is a form of tourism which can enhance the competitive advantage of a destination. This paper (which was originally presented at the 4th International Conference of the University of Aegean- “Planning for the Future - Learning from the Past: Contemporary Developments in Tourism, Travel & Hospitality”-2009) presents an interdisciplinary methodological approach in studying the Greek wellness tourism market, as well as a part of the research’s findings in an attempt to define the special characteristics of the demand and supply side of this relatively new market, but also the typologies of the wellness tourists.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Efficient sequential PLIC interface positioning for enhanced performance of the three-phase VoF Method
Creators: name: Kromer, Johannes
name: Potyka, Johanna
name: Schulte, Kathrin
name: Bothe, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an efficient algorithm for the sequential positioning, also called nested dissection, of two planes in an arbitrary polyhedron. Two planar interfaces are positioned such that the first plane truncates a given volume from this arbitrary polyhedron and the next plane truncates a second given volume from the residual polyhedron. This is a relevant task in the numerical simulation of three-phase flows when resorting to the geometric Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) method with a Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation (PLIC). An efficient algorithm for this task significantly speeds up the three-phase PLIC algorithm. The present study describes a method based on a recursive application of the Gaussian divergence theorem, where the fact that the truncated polyhedron shares multiple faces with the original polyhedron can be exploited to reduce the computational effort. A careful choice of the coordinate system origin for the volume computation allows for successive positioning of two planes without reestablishing polyhedron connectivity. Combined with a highly efficient root finding, this results in a significant performance gain in the reconstruction of the three-phase interface configurations. The performance of the new method is assessed in a series of carefully designed numerical experiments. Compared to a conventional decomposition-based approach, the number of iterations and, thus, of the required truncations was reduced by up to an order of magnitude. The PLIC positioning run-time was reduced by about 90% in our reference implementation. Integrated into the multi-phase flow solver Free Surface 3D (FS3D), an overall performance gain of about 20% was achieved. Allowing for simple integration into existing numerical schemes, the proposed algorithm is self-contained (example Fortran Module see https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2488), requiring no external decomposition libraries.
description: new: updated title (older Versions with title: "Efficient three-material PLIC interface positioning on unstructured polyhedral meshes"), clarified descriptions and notation, corrected sign error in formulas, new figures, typos removed, license changed; under review (accepted with minor revisions) at Computers & Fluids, publication will be linked when available
AGN Flickering and Chaotic Accretion
Creators: name: King, Andrew
name: Nixon, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational arguments suggest that the growth phases of the supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei have a characteristic timescale $\sim 10^5$ yr. We show that this is the timescale expected in the chaotic accretion picture of black hole feeding, because of the effect of self-gravity in limiting the mass of any accretion disc feeding event.
description: 3 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Circular versus Linear DNA for Gene Delivery: Application towards The Genetic Complementation of Fabry Disease
Creators: name: WONG, YIN CHENG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gene and molecular therapy

description: Gene delivery is typically carried out using cDNA plasmids which generally result in transgene overexpression, leading to cytotoxicity and cell death. To achieve regulated transgene expression for long-term safety, BACs comprising full-length GLA gDNA were developed for the genetic complementation of Fabry disease in this study. Transfection of human Fabry cell models showed that circular BACs conferred superior transfection efficiency than their linear counterparts, while the native regulatory elements resided within the BACs conferred more physiologically relevant GLA complementation than cDNA plasmid. This is the first study establishing GLA gDNA BACs that potentially mitigate the disease progression in Fabry patients.
Properties of GRB Lightcurves from Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Beniamini, Paz
name: Granot, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy dissipation mechanism within Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) outflows, driving their extremely luminous prompt $γ$-ray emission is still uncertain. The leading candidates are internal shocks and magnetic reconnection. While the emission from internal shocks has been extensively studied, that from reconnection still has few quantitative predictions. We study the expected prompt-GRB emission from magnetic reconnection and compare its temporal and spectral properties to observations. The main difference from internal shocks is that for reconnection one expects relativistic bulk motions with Lorentz factors $Γ'\gtrsim\;$a few in the jet's bulk frame. We consider such motions of the emitting material in two anti-parallel directions (e.g. of the reconnecting magnetic-field lines) within an ultra-relativistic (with $Γ\gg1$) thin spherical reconnection layer. The emission's relativistic beaming in the jet's frame greatly affects the light-curves. For emission at radii $R_02$). However, the relativistic turbulence mode is more likely to be relevant for the prompt sub-MeV emission and can naturally account also for the peak luminosity$\,$--$\,$peak frequency correlation.
description: 51 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
WELLNESS TOURISM: EVALUATING DESTINATION ATTRIBUTES FOR TOURISM PLANNING IN A COMPETITIVE SEGMENT MARKET
Creators: name: Didascalou, Eleni
name: Lagos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of the present study is to identify the various factors that decision makers must take into account when ranking destinations for placing a spa resort/hotel in the thriving health and wellness industry. The study will suggest a decision support system (DSS) based on key factors as climate, tourism development and attractions. The DSS, using a computer based information system, will evaluate the aforementioned factors and will propose a hierarchical structure for rating destinations, useful for private or public planners in the wellness market. The research categorized the prefectures of Ahaia, Arkadia, Ilia, Korinthia, Messinia in the region of Peloponnese.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Context-Dependent Mate Choice: Impact of a Variable Environment on Female Reproduction
Creators: name: Isler, Victoria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Sexual selection significantly impacts the gene flow and evolution of a population by the preference for certain traits.  In many cases, females select mates based on the perceived benefits to their offspring that the males can provide.  In spadefoot toads, male condition predicts the propensity to produce one of two alternative tadpole morphs: carnivores and omnivores.  Female spadefoot toads assess male quality based on call rates; faster call rates correspond to males of better condition that more often produce omnivores.  The morphology of the tadpole affects survival depending on the environmental conditions in which the tadpoles are developing.  Carnivorous tadpoles develop faster and would best survive in shallow ponds.  Alternatively, omnivorous tadpoles take more time to develop but are more fit to survive to adulthood.  Accordingly, omnivores are thought to best survive in deeper, more stable ponds.  Here, we examined environmental influence on mate selection by female spadefoots due to the advantage of each tadpole morphology with different water levels.  We tested female preference for alternating fast and slow calls of male spadefoots in deep and shallow water.  In deeper water, females preferred faster call rates, however in a shallow environment females chose slower call rates.  Thus, females favored males that had a greater tendency to produce omnivores in deeper water and carnivores in shallow water.  The results indicate that environmental conditions impact sexual selection by favoring males that further the production of the most fit morph based on the stability of the environment.  Our findings further support the idea that in ephemeral aquatic environments, the rapidly changing environment has a large effect on the survival of a population and plays an important role in selecting a mate.
Toxonidisigma Lobban & G. Reid 2018, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Lobban, Christopher S.
name: Reid, Geraldine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Naviculales
Pleurosigmataceae
Toxonidisigma

description: Toxonidisigma Lobban & G. Reid, gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Sigmoid frustules with one apex twisted such that both apices curve in the same direction, striae decussate.
 Type species: Toxonisigma challengeriense (Castracane) Lobban & G. Reid
 Etymology: Gr., n., combining the name of Toxonidea (“τόξο and ιδεα, bow-shaped”— Donkin 1858, but properly τόξο + ιδιον, dimunitive bow) with σιγμα (the letter Σ).
description: Published as part of Lobban, Christopher S. & Reid, Geraldine, 2018, New Arcuatasigma species (Bacillariophyta, Pleurosigmataceae) from Guam and Belize, and the taxonomic identities of Toxonidea challengeriensis and its variety, pp. 169-179 in Phytotaxa 346 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13708231
The Role of bilinguals in the Bayesian naming game
Creators: name: Marchetti, Gionni
name: Patriarca, Marco
name: Heinsalu, Els
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the recently introduced Bayesian naming game model, in which the one-shot learning of the minimal naming game is replaced by a more realistic learning process defined according to Bayesian inference. The results are compared with those obtained from the minimal naming game model. We focus on the dynamics of the bilingual population, providing analytical estimates of the upper bound for the number of bilinguals in both models based on the mean-field equations, and validate them through numerical simulations of the multi-agent models. We show that in the Bayesian model the maximum number of bilinguals is always lower with respect to the minimal naming game and that the two models are characterized by qualitatively different time evolutions.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures. This preprint is almost identical to published article Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena Volume 428, 15 December 2021, 133062
On the motion of viscous, compressible and heat-conducting liquids
Creators: name: Feireisl, Eduard
name: Novotny, Antonin
name: Sun, Yongzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a system of equations governing the motion of a viscous, compressible, and heat conducting liquid-like fluid, with a general EOS of Mie-Grueneisen type. In addition, we suppose that the viscosity coefficients may decay to zero for large values of the temperature. We show the existence of global-in-time weak solution, derive a relative energy inequality, and compare the weak solutions with strong one emanating from the same initial data - the weak strong uniqueness property.
Against the Odds: Embracing Judaism in Denmark
Creators: name: Lalezarian, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this project is to shed light on the Danish Jews of Copenhagen, a small
group that has remained intact despite facing obstacles. This project examines the future of Judaism in Denmark through personal testimony from nearly 11 members of the community
aged 14 to 78. By analyzing the social, political and religious dimensions of this community, “What is the future of Judaism in Denmark?” is an open dialogue that allows Jewish Danes to speculate about the future of their community. The intended audience of this project is those who are not familiar with the Danish Jewish community, as well as those who are familiar but know little about the current state of affairs.
Curve Breakers: Understanding Women's Electoral Representation in Malawian Local Government
Creators: name: Barker, Carolyne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In the last two decades, women's formal political representation has increased globally. Much of this increase is attributable to a rise in the adoption of mandatory gender quotas. However, quota adoption has not been universal, and non-quota countries continue to see low levels of women's political representation. I consider the determinants of women's representation at the level of local government in Malawi. There are no mandatory quotas, and less than 15 percent of Malawi's local councillors are women. I seek to understand what distinguishes wards with high rates of women's candidate emergence and electoral success. I construct a new dataset combining electoral returns from Malawi's 2014 elections with ward-level covariates measuring population, poverty, health, education, political characteristics, and geography. I estimate the correlates of women's candidate emergence and electoral success using three models. I first estimate my results using a linear probability model (LPM) with fixed effects. I compare these estimates to those produced with a logit regression model (without fixed effects). Finally, I use a Heckman Selection model to estimate the correlates of women's electoral success, controlling for selection effects driven by uneven candidate emergence. My most robust finding, consistent across models, suggests that women are more likely to run in wards with more competitive electoral environments. Moreover, women are less likely to win elections in more competitive wards. Women are also more likely to run in wards with lower levels of population health. At the same time, women are less likely to run in wards that have an international land border and in wards that elected a woman Member of Parliament five years prior. My results suggest that policies to increase women's representation in local government in Malawi must consider that different characteristics shape women's candidate emergence compared to women's electoral success.
TOURIST' PROFILE AS CONSUMER CULTURAL, AMUSEMENT AND SPORTS OFFERING IN ISTRIA
Creators: name: Dropulic, Marinela
name: Ruzic, Pavlo
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: In this paper, the authors examine the preferences of tourists who are already consumers or could be the potential consumers of the tourist offering. The purpose of the paper is to provide answers to questions arising from this issue, taking into account socio-demographic attributes of tourists and association of those attributes and spending during vacation. The aim of research is to identify the profile of tourists who have chosen Istria., Paper presents the hypothesis that to increase tourist spending, it is necessary to develop a tourist profile and design a cultural, entertainment and sports offering that corresponds to this profile.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Accurate atomic quantum defects from particle-particle random phase approximation
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Burke, Kieron
name: Yang, Weitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accuracy of calculations of atomic Rydberg excitations cannot be judged by the usual measures, such as mean unsigned errors of many transitions. We show how to use quantum defect theory to (a) separate errors due to approximate ionization potentials, (b) extract smooth quantum defects to compare with experiment, and (c) quantify those defects with a few characteristic parameters. The particle-particle random phase approximation (pp-RPA) produces excellent Rydberg transitions that are an order of magnitude more accurate than those of time-dependent density functional theory with standard approximations. We even extract reasonably accurate defects from the lithium Rydberg series, despite the reference being open-shell. Our methodology can be applied to any Rydberg series of excitations with 4 transitions or more to extract the underlying threshold energy and characteristic quantum defect parameters. Our pp-RPA results set a demanding challenge for other excitation methods to match.
The Effect of Adopting the Common Application on College Admissions Outcomes
Creators: name: Edwards, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This paper evaluates the effect of Common Application membership on important admissions outcomes for public and private four-year postsecondary institutions in the United States. I find that adopting the Common Application increases applications by 5.1% and decreases yield by 4.2%, but I find little evidence of downstream impacts on enrollment or retention. The effect of Common Application membership upon applications loses statistical significance when the sample is limited to public universities, but triples in magnitude when the sample is limited to elite universities, defined as those with top decile SAT scores. Additionally, I estimate that requiring an application essay reduces applications by 6.3%, and increasing the application fee by $10 reduces applications by 1.85%. These findings reaffirm that small changes to the college application process can have substantial impacts, help to resolve discrepancies present in the literature, and can inform decision-making at public and private universities alike.
STAKEHOLDER IMPACTS ON MANAGEMENT IN PROTECTED AREAS—CREATING A THEORETICAL MODEL AND EMPIRICAL TESTING AMONG PROTECTED AREAS, MANAGERS AND MAYORS
Creators: name: Lešnik Štuhec, Tanja
name: Mumel, Damijan
name: Pisnik Korda, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Authorities who manage protected areas (places with unique natural assets) are responsible for nature conservation, sustainable development and the local population’s quality of life. Accordingly, they should present innovative ideas for relaxation and recreation with an eye toward protecting nature. This has not yet been accomplished in Slovenia. The qualitative research in this paper is performed to develop a model for authorities who manage protected areas, particularly with regard to the management of stakeholder impacts. Results from two of the four groups of experts interviewed are presented in this paper.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Noccaea versicolor Meyer 2006
Creators: name: Özgişi, Kurtuluş
name: Özüdoğru, Bariş
name: Ocak, Atila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Noccaea
Noccaea versicolor

description: Noccaea versicolor (Stojanov & Kitanov 1943: 97) Meyer (2006: 116).
 Basionym: Thlaspi lutescens Velen. f. versicolor Stojanov & Kitanov (1943: 97).
 Type:— Greece. Tasos, Ilija, 1100 m, 8 April 1942, Stojanov & Kitanov (Holotype: SOM).
Glabrous perennial herbs, up to 22 cm, with several simple, glaucous, pruinose stems. Basal leaves entire, usually spatulate somewhat oblong with long petiole, forming loose rosettes, beneath papillate, ca. 12–35(70) × 5–10(15) mm; cauline leaves entire, amplexicaul, obtusely auriculate at base, lanceolate, ca. 6–20(35) × 2.5–8(12) mm, apex obtuse. Racemes simple, compact, ca. 3–15 cm long, ca. 9–53(80) flowered, congested, elongated in fruit, pedicels horizontally spreading to ascending, to ca. 6 mm in flower, to ca. 11(13) mm in fruit. Sepals greenish, hairy at outside, ca. 3–4.5 × 1 mm. with whitish membranous margin. Petals ca. 5–8 × 1.5(2) mm, white. Filaments ca. (1.2) 1.6–3.9 mm, anthers ovate, ca. 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm, yellow. Fruits angustiseptate, wingless, obdeltoid ca. 6.5–10 × 3.5–5.5 mm with a distinct apical notch to ca. 2,5– 3 mm. Tips of the notch acute at young fruits getting obtuse at the mature one. Style ca. (1.2) 1.6–3.9 mm, somewhat equaling the apical notch. Seeds orange, tuberculate, 6 per locule, ca. (1.5)1.7–1.8 × 1.25–1.3 mm.
 Habitat: Open Quercus - Pinus nigra mixed forest.
 Altitude: 400– 600 m.
 Flowering and fruiting time: March–April.
 General distribution: Greece, Turkey
 Examined specimens: A 1 Çanakkale: Ulu Da. nr. Renkoi (Erenköy), Sint. 1883: 277 & 359! (E photo!) Çanakkale: Dümrek Village, Kocadağ Mountain, 39°59.062′N, 26°25.058′E, 23 April 2016, Özgişi 1132 (HUB!, OUFE!).
description: Published as part of Özgişi, Kurtuluş, Özüdoğru, Bariş & Ocak, Atila, 2018, Contributions to Turkish Flora: Taxonomic and distributional notes on the poorly known Noccaea (Brassicaceae) species, pp. 247-257 in Phytotaxa 346 (3) on pages 248-249, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13708270
Nonlinear Excitations in Inflationary Power Spectra
Creators: name: Miranda, V
name: Hu, Wayne
name: He, Chen
name: Motohashi, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop methods to calculate the curvature power spectrum in models where features in the inflaton potential nonlinearly excite modes and generate high frequency features in the spectrum. The first nontrivial effect of excitations generating further excitations arises at third order in deviations from slow roll. If these further excitations are contemporaneous, the series can be resummed, showing the exponential sensitivity of the curvature spectrum to potential features. More generally, this exponential approximation provides a power spectrum template which nonlinearly obeys relations between excitation coefficients and whose parameters may be appropriately adjusted. For a large sharp step in the potential, it greatly improves the analytic power spectrum template and its dependence on potential parameters. For axionic oscillations in the potential, it corrects the mapping between the potential and the amplitude, phase and zero point of the curvature oscillations, which might otherwise cause erroneous inferences in for example the tensor-scalar ratio, formally even when that amplitude is $10^3$ times larger than the slow roll power spectrum. It also estimates when terms that produce double frequency oscillations that are usually omitted when analyzing data should be included. These techniques should allow future studies of high frequency features in the CMB and large scale structure to extend to higher amplitude and/or higher precision.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PRD
Outflow from the ionosphere in the vicinity of the cusp
Creators: name: Valek, P
name: Perez, J
name: Jahn, J.-M
name: Pollock, C
name: Wüest, M
name: Friedel, R
name: Moore, T
name: Peterson, W
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2002

description: [1] Low-energy ion outflows from the ionosphere are known to be an important source of plasma for the magnetosphere. The objective of this study is to describe the spatial relationships between low-energy ionospheric outflows and the cusp. The analysis is similar to that used in superposed epoch analyses, except that a spatial reference is used instead of a temporal one. Data from the Thermal Ion Dynamics Experiment (TIDE) supported by data from the Toroidal Imaging Mass-Angle Spectrograph (TIMAS) and Hydra, during low-altitude, perigee passes over the South Pole by the Polar spacecraft are used. The presence of isotropic ions from the magnetosheath is used to define the equatorward boundary of the cusp. By using this magnetospheric boundary as a reference point instead of invariant latitude, the temporal variability of the cusp location with respect to the Earth is removed. Poleward of this boundary in the cusp proper, observations show ionospheric outflow in addition to the isotropic magnetosheath ions. A technique used to separate the ion distributions originating from the two sources is presented and applied in order to calculate moments of the outflowing ion distribution. Ionospheric outflow is found to occur in the cleft region that extends approximate to1.5degrees equatorward of the low-latitude cusp boundary and in the cusp that extends approximate to5degrees poleward of this boundary. Both the parallel and perpendicular temperatures of the outflowing ions are found to be approximately a factor of 3 larger on the equatorward side of this cusp boundary, i.e., in the cleft.
A temperature inversion in WASP-33b? Large Binocular Telescope occultation data confirm significant thermal flux at short wavelengths
Creators: name: von Essen, C.
name: Mallonn, M.
name: Albrecht, S.
name: Antoci, V.
name: Smith, A. M. S.
name: Dreizler, S.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed a secondary eclipse of WASP-33b quasi-simultaneously in the optical (~0.55 μm) and the near-infrared (~1.05 μm) using the 2x8.4 m Large Binocular Telescope. WASP-33 is a δ Scuti star pulsating with periods comparable to the eclipse duration, making the determination of the eclipse depth challenging. We use previously determined oscillation frequencies to model and remove the pulsation signal from the light curves, isolating the secondary eclipse. The determined eclipse depth is dF = 1.03 +/- 0.34 parts per thousand, corresponding to a brightness temperature of Tb = 3398 +/- 302 K. Combining previously published data with our new measurement we find the equilibrium temperature of WASP-33b to be Tb = 3358 +/- 165 K. We compare all existing eclipse data to a blackbody spectrum, to a carbon-rich non-inverted model and to a solar composition model with an inverted temperature structure. We find that current available data on WASP-33b's atmosphere can be best represented by a simple blackbody emission, without the need for more sophisticated atmospheric models with temperature inversions. Although our data cannot rule out models with or without a temperature inversion, they do confirm a high brightness temperature for the planet at short wavelengths. WASP-33b is one of the hottest exoplanets known till date, and its equilibrium temperature is consistent with rapid reradiation of the absorbed stellar light and a low albedo.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures