title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¶ÐµÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of polymer functional-gradient material with variable stiffness by additive manufacturing method
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½ÑÐµÐ², ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ
Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸
ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»
ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÐµ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ
additive technologies
functional-gradient material
cellular structures

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ FDM Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÑÐ¸Ð¶Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ: â Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°Ñ, ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ðµ Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¤ÐÐ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ; â ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ FDM Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸; â Ð§Ð¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ðµ ANSYS Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° ÑÐ¶Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ¾Ð² Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ðµ Ansys; â ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¶Ð°ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ¾Ð² Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸; â Ð¡Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¶Ð°ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ¾Ð² Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸; â ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¤ÐÐ Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¶ÐµÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ; Ð ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¤ÐÐ Ð±ÑÐ» Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐ°Ð½ TPU 95A. Ð¤Ð¸Ð»Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ TPU A95 Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³Ð¸Ð±ÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð´Ð»Ñ FDM-Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸, ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸Ð· Ð£Ð¤-ÑÑÐ°Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð°. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ðº ÑÐ»ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐµ. ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¸ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ Ð³Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑ. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ FDM Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹. Ð ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð´Ð²ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑ Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð¶Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸: Ð³Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð´ Ð¸ Ð¨Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð².
description: The paper deals with the process of development of functional-gradient polymer material optimized for the creation of functional products by FDM printing. The existing topologies based on triply periodic surfaces of minimum energy and classical geometrical structures are analyzed in order to obtain high-quality printing of products. Tasks of the final qualification work: â To analyses scientific and technical information about functional-gradient materials, the method of their obtaining and application of FGM for topological optimization of products of different purposes; â analyses cellular structures technological for FDM printing; â to choose material for FDM printing of porous samples with different filling factor; â to carry out mechanical tests on cyclic compression of a solid sample in order to clarify physical and mechanical properties of the selected material; â conduct finite element modelling of the selected structures in Ansys software; â compare the results of modelling with experimental data; â analyses the obtained data and select optimal cell parameters for FGM. TPU 95A thermoplastic polyurethane was chosen as the material for FDM development. TPU A95 filament is a flexible material for FDM printing consisting of UV-stabilized polyurethane. This material is UV-stabilized, allowing its products to be used outdoors. Boundary values for the wall thickness of cellular structures based on the pre-printed gyroid structures were selected. Also, the most suitable topologies for FDM printing were selected and numerical modelling was carried out for these topologies. Topologies based on two structures with thrice periodic surface of minimum energy: gyroid and Schwarz primitive were selected as the main topologies suitable for creating functional-gradient polymeric materials.