cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investment Under Up- and Downstream Uncertainty
Creators: name: Grigoris, Fotis
name: Segal, Gill
name: Bloom, Nicholas
name: Davis, Steven
name: Fernandez-Villaverde, Jesus
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Sun, Bo
name: Xu, Nancy
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Production Network
subject: Macro-Finance
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Investment
subject: Real option
subject: Time to Build

description: We study the transmission of uncertainty shocks in production networks and find that their impact on economic activity depends on their source in supply chains. A real-option framework with time-to-build predicts that only upstream uncertainty suppresses investment, since upstream (downstream) uncertainty from suppliers (customers) affects the shorter-run (longer-run). Consistently, production-network data show that upstream uncertainty propagates downstream, affecting firm-level outcomes negatively. Conversely, downstream uncertainty propagates upstream more weakly but affects firm-level outcomes positively. At the macro-level, these two uncertainties oppositely predict aggregate growth and asset prices. Overall, downstream uncertainty has an expansionary effect, in contrast to other facets of uncertainty.
Resilience as concurrent interplays of opponents: preliminary ideas and call for collaborations!
Creators: name: De Florio, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2017
Subjects: antifragility
behaviors
game theory
nested compositional hierarchies
resilience

description: In my previous work, “A behavioural model for the discussion of resilience, elasticity, and antifragility,” I discussed resilience as the emerging result of the dynamic interplay between the behaviors exercised by a system and those of the environment it is set to operate in. Then, in my latest work, “On ambients as systemic exoskeletons: Crosscutting optimizers and antifragility enablers,” I introduced a “horizontal” and a “vertical classification” of systems. The idea in this second paper is that any system may be considered at the same time a “whole”, a set of “parts”, and a nested compositional hierarchy of functional nodes.

By applying the idea of the first paper to this second idea of a system’s horizontal and vertical classifications, I thought of resilience / antifragility as the emergent result of concurrent behavioral interplays taking place across the involved systems’ wholes / sets of parts / hierarchies of nodes.
Spatio-temporally Resolved Emission Spectroscopy of Inductive Spark Ignition in Atmospheric Air Condition
Creators: name: Kim, Wooyeong
name: Bae, Choongsik
name: Michler, Tobias
name: Toedter, Olaf
name: Koch, Thomas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018

description: Current transistorized coil ignition (TCI) system consists of ignition coil and spark plug, whose electrical properties, structure and gas composition determine entire discharge processes and therefore the early stage of combustion. In this work, a new measurement and diagnostic technique were developed and tested to investigate the early phases of spark ignition process. The spark discharge of commercial TCI system was analyzed by using spatio-temporally resolved optical emission spectroscopy to find out the Interrelation of the characteristic evolution of discharge with the formation of reactive species inside the activated volume. The emission spectra of inductive spark discharge in atmospheric air were measured at the range of wavelength from 300 to 800 nm, while the secondary voltage and current of spark ignition system were acquired simultaneously. An optical probe with linearly arranged glass fiber bundle was used to achieve spatial distribution of emission intensity vertically along the electrode gap of spark plug. At the same time, the time series of emission spectra were illustrated by using the precise gate shift operation of intensified CCD camera mounted on the spectrograph. The emission of electronically excited species such as molecular nitrogen, atomic oxygen and electrode material were effectively measured with the spectral resolution of 0.2 nm. During the abrupt increase of current in breakdown phase, only molecular nitrogen emission was exclusively detected. It was followed by the atomic oxygen and electrode material, which are closely related to the flame initiation and electrode wear respectively. The activated volume of spark discharge near cathode showed higher emission intensity for all the aforementioned species in comparison with the region near anode. The electronic, vibrational and rotational temperatures of the discharge were calculated by using additional spectra measurement at selective wavelength range with spectral resolution of 0.1 nm. Alongside the calorimetric measurement, the temperature profile over position and time allowed the quantitative evaluation of energy-transfer efficiency of spark discharge into the gas mixture.
Equal Pay for Similar Work
Creators: name: Pakzad-Hurson, Bobby
name: Gentile Passaro, Diego
name: Akbarpour, Mohammad
name: Dworczak, Piotr
name: Jagadeesan, Ravi
name: Li, Shengwu
name: Muir, Ellen
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Equal pay for similar work
Wage gap
Gender
labor markets

description: Equal pay laws increasingly require that workers doing “similar” work are paid equal wages within a firm. We study such “equal pay for similar work” (EPSW) policies theoretically and empirically. In our model, we show that when EPSW restricts firms by protected class (e.g. no woman can be paid less than any similar man, and vice versa) firms segregate their workforce by gender in equilibrium. This endogenously lowers competition for workers, as it becomes costly for firms to poach from one another–doing so exposes them to the bite of the policy. When there are more men than women, EPSW leads to an increase in the equilibrium gender wage gap. For a sufficiently high ratio of men to women, there exist equilibria with arbitrarily low wages for women, leading to a particularly large wage gap. By contrast, EPSW that is not based on protected class can decrease the equilibrium wage gap. We test our model predictions using a difference-in-difference approach to analyze a gender-based EPSW enacted in Chile in 2009. We find that the EPSW increases the share of employees working at gender-segregated firms by 3% and increases the gender wage gap by 3%.
Plonaphacarus Niedbala 1986
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Wu, Donghui
name: Chen, Jun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Phthiracaridae
Plonaphacarus

description: Plonaphacarus Niedbała, 1986
Hoplophthiracarus Jacot, 1933, p. 239 (partim).
Plonaphacarus Niedbała, 1986 a, p. 77; 1986b, p. 315; 1992, p. 139; 2000, p. 217; 2004a, p. 75. Type species: Hoplophthiracarus eximius Niedbała, 1982
Diagnosis The diagnosis for Plonaphacarus is according to Niedbała (2004a).
Distribution. Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bengal, Bermuda, Bhutan, Brazil, Brunei, Cameroon, China, Comoro Islands, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Madagascar, Malaysia, Malawi, Mesoamerica, Mexico, Nepal, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam.
description: Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395
Green Finance and Inequality
Creators: name: Felicitas Tschan, Lea
name: Mahmoud, Ola
name: Judd, Kenneth
name: Pohl, Walter
name: Schmedders, Karl
name: Wilms, Ole
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Green finance
Income inequality
Technological change
Innovation
Investment emissions
Carbon Inequality

description: This paper provides empirical evidence for a significant positive association between green finance and income inequality from a panel of 87 countries from 2004 to 2020. This relationship is strongest for countries with initially lower levels of income, low levels of financial development, and low levels of carbon emissions. We contrast green investments to general investments and find that the main contributor to the observed increase in inequality is green finance. We also find evidence that the effect on inequality persists for four years and thereafter abates. We argue that the association between green finance and inequality is at least partially driven by two mechanisms: technological change and investment emissions. Using a moderated mediation design, we show that technological change and investment emissions are partially mediating the relationship between green finance and top income inequality.
A Flexible Semantic Kpi Measurement System
Creators: name: Kritikos, Kyriakos
name: Plexousakis, Dimitris
name: Woitch, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Linked Data (LD) technology enables integrating information across disparate sources and can be exploited to perform inferencing for deriving added-value knowledge. As such, it can really support performing different kinds of analysis tasks over business process (BP) execution related information. When moving BPs in the cloud, giving rise to Business Process as a Service (BPaaS) concept, the first main challenge is to collect and link, based on a certain structure, information originating from different systems. To this end, two main ontologies are proposed in this paper to enable this structuring: a KPI and a Dependency one. Then, via exploiting these well-connected ontologies, an innovative Key Performance Indicator (KPI) analysis system is built that offers two main analysis capabilities: KPI assessment and drill-down, where the second can enable finding root causes of KPI violations. This system advances the state-of-the-art by exhibiting the capability, through the LD usage, of the flexible construction and assessment of any KPI kind, allowing experts to better explore the possible KPI space.
The Creativity Premium: Exploring the Link BetweenChildhood Creativity and Life Outcomes
Creators: name: Gill, David
name: Prowse, Victoria
name: Bernheim, Douglas
name: Beshears, John
name: Crawford, Vincent
name: Laibson, David
name: Malmendier, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Creativity
subject: Human capital
subject: Life outcomes
subject: Cognitive ability
subject: Experience
subject: Practical skills
subject: Educational attainment
subject: Skills
subject: Longitudinal
subject: Children
subject: Wages
subject: Labor market
subject: Occupational category
subject: Earnings

description: Success in life increasingly depends on key skills that allow people to thrive in education, the labor market, and their interactions with others. In this paper, we emphasize creativity as a key skill that is essential to open-ended problem solving and resistant to automation.We use rich longitudinal data to study the relationship between people’s creativity measured in childhood and their individual attributes and life outcomes. We find that childhood creativity predicts labor market and educational success: more creative individuals earn more during the course of their careers, work in higher occupational categories, and reach higher levels of educational attainment. Our analysis of attributes further suggests that creative individuals have a package of practical skills that allows them to thrive in work environments where learning from experience is important. We combine insights from our findings with evidence from psychology to propose creativity-improving interventions that could lead to substantial economic benefits.
What Proportion of People are Gifted? Assessing the Implications of Conceptions of Giftedness
Creators: name: McBee, Matthew
name: Makel, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2017
Subjects: gifted education
giftedness
internal validity
numerical analysis
simulation
talent
theory

description: There are several influential conceptions of giftedness that drive scholarship and educational practice. They generally define giftedness as some combination of high ability, high performance, or superior levels of other characteristics, operationalized by stated or implied cutoff levels (e.g., “top 10%”) of these features that must be met in order to be considered gifted. In many cases, the authors of the conceptions of giftedness also describe the proportion of people who are expected to qualify as gifted. However, such proportions are not logically derived from the conceptions. In this paper, we quantitatively operationalize some conceptions of giftedness and compute the implied giftedness rate under each using numerical calculations or simulation. Results reveal that the proportion of individuals who would meet the standard of giftedness under some conceptual models is unrealistically high, and that there is tremendous variability in the giftedness rate both between and within conceptions. The implication of this work is that the rigor and internal self-consistency of models of giftedness requires improvement.
Can Cashless Payments Spur Economic Growth
Creators: name: Purnanandam, Amiyatosh
name: Singh Dubey, Tamanna
name: Matvos, Gregor
name: Seru, Amit
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cashless
FinTech
Digital Payments
UPI

description: After the introduction of a nationwide Unified Payment Interface (UPI) in 2016, India has become one of the world’s leading economies for cashless transactions. We exploit the heterogeneity in the intensity of the adoption of digital payments across districts to show that economic outcomes, as measured by household income and small business activities, increased significantly in districts with a higher intensity of cashless transactions. These effects are stronger in financially less developed regions of the country. We achieve identification using two complementary empirical strategies. We first exploit the differences in the timing of participation on the UPI platform by different banks to obtain quasi-random variation in the level of digital payments across districts. Second, we exploit the within-district-year-quarter variation in the effect of cashless payments on economic outcomes across households who are differentially impacted by the adoption of digital payment. Specifically, we show that the impact of digital payments is stronger for self-employed households, such as hawkers and traders, compared to others. Relaxation of borrowing constraints and reduction in the transaction cost of payments are two principal mechanisms behind our findings.
Chr. Allmendinger, Petrefaktenhändler, an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilage
Creators: name: Allmendinger, Chr.
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1926

description: Brief aus Göppingen.
Beilage: Brief von K. Waidelich an Louis Rollier, verfasst am 8.8.1926 in Göppingen, vermutlich zusammen mit dem Brief Allmendingers weitergeleitet an Louis Rollier
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Fr. Holland, Forstmeister, an Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Rollier, Louis
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1927

description: Brief aus Heimerdingen.
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notiz zur Beantwortung am 16.8.1927 von Louis Rollier
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Welfare Assessments with Heterogeneous Individuals
Creators: name: Dávila, Eduardo
name: Schaab, Andreas
name: Auclert, Adrien
name: Bocola, Luigi
name: Mitman, Kurt
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Welfare assessments
subject: Heterogeneous agents
subject: Interpersonal comparisons,
subject: Incomplete Markets
subject: Welfarism
subject: Social welfare functions

description: This paper develops a new approach to make welfare assessments based on the notion of Dynamic Stochastic weights, or DS-weights for short. We leverage DS-weights to characterize three sets of results. First, we develop an additive decomposition of aggregate welfare assessments that satisfies desirable properties. We show that, for a large class of dynamic stochastic economies with heterogeneous individuals, welfare assessments can be exactly decomposed into four components: i) aggregate efficiency, ii) risk-sharing, iii) intertemporal-sharing, and iv) redistribution. Second, we introduce the notion of normalized welfarist planners, which allows us to revisit how welfarist (e.g., utilitarian) planners make interpersonal welfare comparisons in consumption units. Third, we use DS-weights to systematically formalize new welfare criteria that are exclusively based on one or several of the components of the aggregate decomposition.
Streichtrio No. 1 cis-Moll : op. 92 : [für Violine, Viola und Violoncello]
Creators: name: Weingartner, Felix
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1938

description: a) Partitur. Autograph (Bleistift). Datiert: Lausanne, 15. Sept. 1938 - 28. Okt. 1938
description: b) Stimmen. Vervielfältigung (Notenkopie Ernst Vogel, Basel)
description: Felix Weingartner
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.12.2019
Quota vs Quality?Long-Term Gains from an Unusual Gender Quota
Creators: name: Schaede, Ursina
name: Mankki, Ville
name: Martinez-Marquina, Alejandro
name: Niederle, Muriel
name: Voena, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Admissions quotas
Gender quota
Education
College admissions

description: We evaluate equity-efficiency trade-offs from admissions quotas by examining effects on output once beneficiaries start producing in the relevant industry. In particular, we document the impact of abolishing a 40% quota for male primary school teachers on their pupils’ long-run outcomes. The quota had advantaged academically lower-scoring male university applicants, and its removal cut the share of men among new teachers by half. We combine this reform with the timing of union-mandated teacher retirements to isolate quasi-random variation in the local share of male quota teachers. Using comprehensive register data, we find that pupils exposed to a higher share of male quota teachers during primary school transition more smoothly to post-compulsory education and have higher educational attainment and labor force attachment at age 25. Pupils of both genders benefit similarly from exposure to male quota teachers. Evidence suggests that the quota improved the allocation of talent by mending imperfections in the unconstrained selection process.
title: Der literarische Krankheitsdiskurs in Thomas Bernhards "Die Kälte. Eine Isolation" und Fritz Zorns "Mars"
Creators: name: Eckart, Elisabeth
Year: 2011

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem literarischen Krankheitsdiskurs in Thomas Bernhards Die Kälte. Eine Isolation (1981) und Fritz Zorns Mars (1977). Während in Bernhards Text die Lungentuberkulose thematisiert wird, befasst sich Fritz Zorn mit seiner Krebserkrankung.
Profil im Ornatenthon von Boll, erstellt von Chr. Allmendinger, Petrefaktenhändler, zuhanden von Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Allmendinger, Chr.
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1925

description: Profil im Ornatenthon von Boll, dargestellt in der Grösse 80 x 50cm von Chr. Allmendinger
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notizen von Louis Rollier
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Anatomy of the Phillips Curve: Micro Evidence and Macro Implications
Creators: name: Lenzu, Simone
name: Gagliardone, Luca
name: Gertler, Mark
name: Tielens, Joris
name: Auclert, Adrien
name: Bocola, Luigi
name: Mitman, Kurt
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Costs
Unemployment
Phillips curve
Supply shocks
Inflation

description: We use a unique high-frequency micro-dataset to estimate the slope of the primitive form of the New Keynesian Phillips curve, which features marginal cost as the relevant real activity variable. Our dataset encompasses product-level prices, costs, and output within the Belgian manufacturing sector over twenty years, recorded at a quarterly frequency. Leveraging the richness of the data, we adopt a “bottom-up” approach that identifies the Phillips curve’s slope by estimating the primitive parameters that govern firms’ pricing behavior, including the degrees of price rigidity and strategic complementarities in price setting. Our estimates indicate a high slope for the marginal cost-based Phillips curve, which contrasts with the low estimates of the conventional unemployment or output gap-based formulations in the literature. We reconcile the difference by showing that, although the pass-through of marginal cost into inflation is substantial, the elasticity of marginal cost in relation to the output gap is low. Furthermore, through an examination of the transmission of oil shocks, we illustrate how the marginal cost-based Phillips curve offers a transparent means of capturing the impact of supply shocks on inflation.
Sophisticated Consumers with Inertia: Long-Term Implications from a Large-Scale Field Experiment
Creators: name: Sahni, Navdeep
name: Miller, Klaus
name: Strulov-Shlain, Avner
name: Bernheim, Douglas
name: Beshears, John
name: Crawford, Vincent
name: Laibson, David
name: Malmendier, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Subscription impact
Future inertia
Consumer anticipation
Market outcomes
Auto-renewing contracts
Auto-canceling contracts

description: Using a randomized field experiment with a leading European newspaper, we study both the inertia anticipated by consumers and the actual inertia they experience. Our experiment among two million readers varies promotional subscription terms, including whether or not the contract automatically renews to a full-price subscription by default. By analyzing their subscription behavior over two years, we study how consumers respond to inertia-inducing subscription contracts in the short- and long-run. We find strong inertia. Half of the auto-renewal contract takers continue to a full-price subscription while rarely using it. At the same time, consumers preempt their future inertia; 24%-36% of potential subscribers avoid subscribing when offered an auto renewal promo. Further, offering an auto-renewal contract decreases the share of subscribers over the two years after the promo by 10%. Even though auto-renewal generates higher revenue in the medium-run due to payments from inert subscribers, auto-renewal and auto-cancel are revenue equivalent after one year, but with fewer subscribers in auto-renewal. Using a mixed-types model, we estimate that while 70% of consumers are inert, a large majority of them (at least 58%) are aware of their inertia. Our results highlight the importance of sophistication about future biases in the market; sophisticated consumers avoid exploitation and are missed by researchers and firms analyzing only takers, since takers are selected on their na ̈ıvet ́e.
Buying from a Group
Creators: name: Lipnowski, Elliot
name: Haghpanah, Nima
name: Kuvalekar, Aditya
name: Akbarpour, Mohammad
name: Dworczak, Piotr
name: Jagadeesan, Ravi
name: Li, Shengwu
name: Muir, Ellen
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Posted-price mechanism
Pareto frontier
Trade

description: A buyer trades with a group of sellers whose heterogeneous willingness to trade is private information. She must trade with all sellers or none and must offer sellers identical terms of trade. We characterize the optimal mechanism: trade occurs if and only if the buyer’s benefit of trade exceeds a weighted average of sellers’ virtual values. These weights are endogenous, with sellers who are ex ante less inclined to trade being given greater influence. This mechanism always outperforms posted-price mechanisms, using the entire profile of sellers’ values to set the terms of trade. An extension characterizes the entire Pareto frontier.
Who Controls the Agenda Controls the Legislature
Creators: name: Ali, Nageeb
name: Bernheim, Douglas
name: Bloedel, Alexander
name: Battilana, Silvia
name: Bobkova, Nina
name: Callander, Steven
name: Eraslan, Hülya
name: Foarta, Dana
name: Izzo, Federica
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agenda-setting
Political power

description: We model legislative decision-making with an agenda setter who can propose policies sequentially, tailoring each proposal to the status quo that prevails after prior votes. Voters are sophisticated and the agenda setter cannot commit to future proposals. Nevertheless, the agenda setter obtains her favorite outcome in every equilibrium regardless of the initial default policy. Central to our results is a new condition on preferences, manipulability, that holds in rich policy spaces, including spatial settings and distribution problems. Our findings therefore establish that, despite the sophistication of voters and the absence of commitment power, the agenda setter is effectively a dictator.
Interactive visualisation of spatial proteomics data
Creators: name: Breckeks, Lisa
name: Gatto, Laurent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: bioinformatics
proteomics
Bioconductor
spatial proteomics
software
visualisation

description: Spatial proteomics involves the systematic study of proteins and their assignments to distinct spatial cellular subcompartments. Quantitative mass spectrometry based protocols are becoming popular for the generation of proteome-wide data. The Bioconductor project is well known for emphasising reproducible research best practice through programmatic data analysis and we have followed this principle in our efforts to provide robust and reproducible tools for the analysis quantitative mass spectrometry data. There are situations however where programmatic data manipulation is not the most efficient way to explore the data, and where interactive graphical user interfaces (GUIs) offer great benefits. Since the availability of the shiny package, it has become relatively easy for R programmers to develop such interfaces. It however remains important to keep the principles of reproducible and rigorous data analysis at the finger tips of the users by allowing one to easily transfer findings from both interfaces, programmatic and graphical. To this end we have created the pRolocGUI package for the interactive visualisation and analysis of quantitative spatial proteomics data.
title: Der Vorstand / Verwaltungsrat der Aktiengesellschaften
Creators: name: Sahin, Adem
Year: 2011

description: Den Hauptgegenstand dieser Dissertation bildet ein Rechtsvergleich des Vorstands bzw. Verwaltungsrats der Aktiengesellschaften im neuen türkischen Recht und im österreichischen Recht unter Berücksichtigung der Europäischen Aktiengesellschaft. Im diesem Zusammenhang wurden die Organisationsverfassung, die Rechtsstellung, die Zusammensetzung, die innere Ordnung, die Aufgaben und die Haftung des Vorstands bzw. des Verwaltungsrats der österreichischen und türkischen Aktiengesellschaften mit allen Aspekten untersucht und Gemeinsamkeiten bzw. Unterschiede aufgedeckt. Weiteres wurde ein Überblick über das Aktienrecht zweier verschiedener Rechtsordnungen vermittelt.
The Shifting Finance of Electricity Generation
Creators: name: Andonov, Aleksandar
name: Rauh, Joshua
name: Begenau, Juliane
name: Giglio, Stefano
name: Hansen, Lars
name: Piazzesi, Monika
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Energy
subject: Innovation
subject: Ownership
subject: Private equity
subject: Power plants
subject: Utilities
subject: Electricity
subject: Regulation

description: We collect ownership data of U.S. power plants accounting for 99% of U.S. electricity generation over the 2008-2020 period. Domestic publicly listed corporations have reduced their ownership from 69% to 54% of total generation, while private equity, institutional investors, and foreign publicly listed corporations have increased their ownership from 8% to 24%. As of 2020, private equity, institutional investors, and foreign listed corporations together owned 59% of wind, 44% of solar, and 28% of natural gas generating capacity. These new entrants have increased their share largely through the creation of new plants, rather than acquisitions of existing plants. We find only limited support for the leakage hypothesis that incumbent domestic listed corporations, which are subject to more disclosure requirements and scrutiny, sell older fossil-fuel power plants to the new ownership types in order to keep them alive. Domestic listed corporations are significantly more likely to decommission older fossil fuel power plants rather than to sell these assets. Market deregulation is the main economic factor explaining the heterogeneity in ownership structure in the electricity sector. Deregulated wholesale markets and retail markets offering choice to buyers attract more capital from new entrants to create new plants as well as stimulate incumbent owners to retire existing assets more quickly. Market deregulation explains the heterogeneity in ownership of power plants, and this relation is robust to controlling for climate concerns and renewable energy policy measures. The changing ownership structure has implications for electricity markets as private equity operates power plants at lower capacity factors and sells electricity for a $1.97 higher average price per MWh. Within markets of a given regulatory structure, time, and technology, private equity owners sell electricity under contracts with shorter duration, shorter increment pricing, and more peak-term periods, especially when selling electricity generated from fossil fuels.
Incentive Compatibility in the Auto-bidding World
Creators: name: Alimohammadi, Yeganeh
name: Mehta, Aranyak
name: Perlroth, Andres
name: Akbarpour, Mohammad
name: Dworczak, Piotr
name: Jagadeesan, Ravi
name: Li, Shengwu
name: Muir, Ellen
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Auto-bidding
auto-bidding incentive compatible
first price auction
second price auction

description: Auto-bidding has recently become a popular feature in ad auctions. This feature enables advertisers to simply provide high-level constraints and goals to an automated agent, which optimizes their auction bids on their behalf. These auto-bidding intermediaries interact in a decentralized manner in the underlying auctions, leading to new interesting practical and
theoretical questions on auction design, for example, in understanding the bidding equilibrium properties between auto-bidder intermediaries for different auctions. In this paper, we examine the effect of different auctions on the incentives of advertisers to report their constraints to the auto-bidder intermediaries. More precisely, we study whether canonical auctions such as first price auction (FPA) and second price auction (SPA) are auto-bidding incentive compatible (AIC): whether an advertiser can gain by misreporting their constraints to the autobidder.

We consider value-maximizing advertisers in two important settings: when they have a budget constraint and when they have a target cost-per-acquisition constraint. The main result of our work is that for both settings, FPA and SPA are not AIC. This contrasts with FPA being AIC when auto-bidders are constrained to bid using a (sub-optimal) uniform bidding policy. We further extend our main result and show that any (possibly randomized) auction that is truthful (in the classic profit-maximizing sense), scale-invariant and symmetric is not AIC. Finally, to complement our findings, we provide sufficient market conditions for FPA and SPA to become AIC for two advertisers. These conditions require advertisers’ valuations to be well-aligned. This suggests that when the competition is intense for all queries, advertisers have less incentive to misreport their constraints.

From a methodological standpoint, we develop a novel continuous model of queries. This model provides tractability to study equilibrium with auto-bidders, which contrasts with the standard discrete query model, which is known to be hard. Through the analysis of this model, we uncover a surprising result: in auto-bidding with two advertisers, FPA and SPA are auction equivalent.
Evergreening
Creators: name: Paul, Pascal
name: Faria-e-Castro, Miguel
name: Sánchez, Juan
name: Auclert, Adrien
name: Bocola, Luigi
name: Mitman, Kurt
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Debt
subject: Interest rate
subject: Evergreening loans
subject: Lenders
subject: Productivity

description: We develop a simple model of relationship lending where lenders have incentives for evergreening loans by offering better terms to firms that are close to default. We detect such lending behavior using loan-level supervisory data for the United States. Banks that own a larger share of a firm’s debt provide distressed firms with relatively more credit at lower interest rates. Building on this empirical validation, we incorporate the theoretical mechanism into a dynamic heterogeneous-firm model to show that evergreening affects aggregate outcomes, resulting in lower interest rates, higher levels of debt, and lower productivity.
Sovereign Default and Government Reputation
Creators: name: Fourakis, Stelios
name: Auclert, Adrien
name: Bocola, Luigi
name: Mitman, Kurt
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Borrower
subject: Welfare
subject: Default
subject: Government reputation
subject: Interest rate
subject: Debt

description: In this paper, I build a flexible theoretical model of sovereign borrowing, default, and renegotiation with borrower reputation. There is asymmetric information about the government’s "type", and reputation is the market belief that it is "responsible" and therefore less likely to default. I calibrate the model using data on how countries' credit histories affect the prices they face and validate its predictions about the effects of borrowing on interest rate spreads in the data. Using the model, I show that countries that have recently defaulted have poor reputations because they rapidly run up their debts prior to default, not because the default decision itself is revealing. I also show that, for countries facing non-trivial levels of default risk, the reputational benefits of repayment are less than 0.5 basis points of consumption. Policies that disrupt the signaling motives induced by asymmetric information, such as transparency initiatives or fiscal rules, can have substantial negative implications for welfare (losses of 0.23% − 0.85% of permanent consumption) because they lead to increased overborrowing by the government.
Energy Efficiency Can Deliver for Climate Policy: Evidence from Machine Learning-Based Targeting
Creators: name: Myers, Erica
name: Christensen, Peter
name: Francisco, Paul
name: Shao, Hansen
name: Souza, Mateus
name: Allcott, Hunt
name: Fowlie, Meredith
name: Goulder, Lawrence
name: Shapiro, Joe
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cost-effectiveness
Targeting
Energy efficiency
Machine learning

description: Building energy efficiency has been a cornerstone of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for decades. However, impact evaluations have revealed that energy savings typically fall short of engineering model forecasts that currently guide funding decisions. This creates a resource allocation problem that impedes progress on climate change. Using data from the largest U.S. energy efficiency program, we demonstrate that a data-driven approach to predicting retrofit impacts based on previously realized outcomes is more accurate than the status quo engineering models. Targeting high-return interventions based on these predictions dramatically increases net social benefits, from $0.93 to $1.23 per dollar invested.
title: Das Gespenstische und der Vampirismus
Creators: name: Musa, Swantje
Year: 2011

description: Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit ist es, herauszustellen, inwiefern das Gespenstische und der Vampirismus im literaturtheoretischen Kontext als Instrumente der Sprachkritik gewertet werden können. Die Auseinandersetzung erfolgt insbesondere unter dem Gesichtspunkt, welche sprachlichen Auswirkungen diese Motiviken auf die Konstitution des Subjekts und dessen Wahrnehmung von Wirklichkeit haben. Im ersten Teil liegt der Schwerpunkt auf dem Aspekt der gespenstischen Rede, die als fremde Rede in Form gespenstischer Einflüsterungen gesehen und hinsichtlich ihres doppeldeutigen Sinnes als Täuschungsinstrument identifiziert werden kann. Mithilfe von Derridas „ce dangereux supplément…“ wird dieses Modell um die Dimension der Schrift zu einem gespenstischen Diskurs erweitert, der sich in literarische Texte einschreibt. Anhand ausgewählter Textstellen aus Kafkas Erzählung „Unglücklichsein“ und Strindbergs Drama „Spöksonaten“ soll diese Einschreibung schließlich kurz illustriert werden. Der zweite Teil fokussiert vor allem die vampireske Subjektkonstitution des Autors in der symbolischen Ordnung unter dem Gesichtspunkt „Dichtung als Form der Therapie“, dem sich die Frage anschließt, wie es dem Autorsubjekt gelingt, sich in seine Umwelt zu integrieren. Ausgehend von Barthes‘ „La mort de l’auteur“ lässt sich der Tod des Autors als Geburt eines vampiristischen Schreibers weiterdenken. In Verbindung mit Lacans psychoanalytischen Überlegungen sowie Kierkegaards Aufsatz „Sygdommen til Døden“ soll, anhand von traditionellen Vampircharakteristika, die Einbettung des vampiresken Autors in die symbolische Ordnung erfolgen. Die Illustration des resultierenden Konfliktes des vampiristischen Dichtersubjekts – die Erkenntnis, dass keine Kongruenz mehr zur Außenwelt hergestellt werden kann – und die daraus entstehenden Konsequenzen für seine literarische Arbeit erfolgt anhand der Figur des Geistesmenschen in ausgewählten Texten von Thomas Bernhard.
Loan Guarantees and Incentives for Information Acquisition
Creators: name: Stillerman, David
name: Cuesta, Jose Ignacio
name: Einav, Liran
name: Illanes, Gaston
name: Tebaldi, Pietro
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Loan guarantees
subject: Information acquisition
subject: Small business lending

description: To address credit constraints in small-business lending markets, policymakers frequently use loan guarantees, which insure lenders against default. Guarantees affect loan prices by altering the effective marginal cost of lending but may create a moral hazard problem, weakening lenders’ information-acquisition incentives. I quantify these channels using data from the SBA 7(a) Loan Program. Guarantees benefit borrowers, on average, but redistribute surplus from low- to high-risk borrowers. Fixing government spending, an alternative policy with a 50% guarantee and a subsidy leads to a 1.0% increase in borrower surplus and a 0.1 percentage point (1.6%) decline in the program’s default rate.
'Unshelling the Past' – An Archaeological Study of Shellfish Assemblages from Caution Bay, Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Thangavelu, Anbarasu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Sahul
Archaeology
Radiocarbon
SahulArch
OCTOPUS database
Caution Bay

description: The recent discovery of Lapita pottery at Caution Bay, on the southern coast of Papua New Guinea (PNG) has transformed our understanding of the Lapita culture complex by confirming the migration of Lapita peoples into the southern coast of mainland PNG from around 2900 cal BP where they encountered an extant population who had occupied the Caution Bay area from around 5000 years ago (David et al. completed ms; McNiven et al. 2011). Although Lapita peoples have been traditionally characterised as ‘marine specialists’, relatively little is known about their shellfish subsistence economies in comparison to their distinctive ceramic traditions. This thesis primarily focuses on understanding temporal and spatial changes in how shellfish were exploited throughout the antiquity of human occupation at Caution Bay, especially in relation to before, during and after contact with Lapita peoples. ...
description: A dissertation submitted by Anbarasu 'Eddie' Thangavelu BA (Hons) For the award of Doctor of Philosophy University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba, Australia (313 p)
Influence of the Electrical Parameters of the Ignition System on the Phases of Spark Ignition
Creators: name: Michler, Tobias
name: Kim, Wooyeong
name: Toedter, Olaf
name: Koch, Thomas
name: Bae, Choongsik
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018

description: Untersucht wurde der Einfluss der Kapazität auf das Spektrum der Funkenzündung. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung standen die Spektren von N2 bei 337nm, N2+ bei 391nm, N bei 500nm und O bei 777nm. Dabei wurde ein Zündfunken mit verschiedenen, unmittelbar vor der Zündkerze, montierten Kapazitäten zeitlich abgetastet. Dabei konnte vor allem eine starke Erhöhung der kapazitiv gespeisten Bogenentladung beobachtet werden. Diese resultiert in eine Erhöhung der Nickelemission im Gas. Die 2. pos. Gruppe von Stickstoff bei 337nm weist in dem kapazitiven Bogen eine höhere Intensität auf sobald die Kapazität wächst. Zusätzlich zeigt das Spektrum der 1. neg. Gruppe von Stickstoff bei 391nm erst zum Einsetzen der Glimmentladung eine hohe Leuchterscheinung welche sich auf die Kathode beschränkt. Des Weiteren konnte atomarer Stickstoff nur im Bereich des Durchbruchs und der kapazitiven Bogenentladung gefunden werden. Bei atomarem Sauerstoff konnte eine Reduktion der Emission beobachtet werden.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 3534.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.01.1902, erstellt von Alfred Wolfer
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1902

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Ernst Model an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilage
Creators: name: Model, Ernst
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1929

description: Brief aus Creglingen.
Beilage: Liste von zum Verkauf stehenden Fossilien, überschrieben mit "Oxford-Material", erstellt von Ernst Model.
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notizen von Louis Rollier
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Ernst Model an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilagen
Creators: name: Model, Ernst
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1929

description: Brief aus Creglingen.
Beilagen: Querschnitt vom Holzberg, Schwandorf, erstellt von Ernst Model.
Angaben zum Profil von Schwandorf, Holzberg, verfasst von Ernst Model.
Liste von Ammoniten aus Schwandorf, erstellt von Ernst Model. Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notizen von Louis Rollier.
Begleittext mit Angaben zu Schwandorf.
Angaben zum Profil von Siblingen, erstellt von Ernst Model.
Begleittext mit Angaben zu Siblingen.
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Chr. Allmendinger, Petrefaktenhändler, an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilage
Creators: name: Allmendinger, Chr.
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1930

description: Brief aus Göppingen.
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notiz von Louis Rollier.
Zusätzlich darauf geklebt: Empfangsschein der Post über CHF 500.- .
Beilage: Briefumschlag, gestempelt am 12.8.1930 in Göppingen, vermutlich Briefumschlag für den Brief vom 10.8.1930
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Dataviittausten Merkitys Avoimen Tieteen Edistämisessä
Creators: name: Nykyri, Susanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: data citation
subject: open science
subject: dataviittaus
subject: avoin tiede
subject: research data management
subject: tutkimusdatanhallinta
subject: http://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p26655
subject: http://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p6193
subject: http://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p27250
subject: http://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p5521

description: Esitelmä avoimen tieteen ja dataviittausten yhteydestä ja kehittämisestä.

National Data Citation Roadmap Workshop : Datan jäljet –  Työpaja tutkimusdataan viittaamisen kehittämisestä Suomessa (20.10.2017). Tilaisuuden järjesti Data-asioiden kansalliskomitea (The Finnish Committee for Research Data, FCRD).
null Einfluss der gelben Hauszwiebel (Allium cepa) im Vergleich zu den synthetischen Flavonoiden (Quercetin und Rutin) auf das Wachstumsverhalten der estrogenrezeptorpositiven Mammakarzinomzelllinie MCF-7
Creators: name: Hafer, Lukas
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Zwischen dem Verzehr von flavonoidhaltigen Gemüsesorten und dem Auftreten von Mammakarzinomen heben einige Studien eine günstige Verzehr-Nutzen-Relation hervor. Das in der Zwiebel enthaltene Flavonol Quercetin besitzt auf molekularer Ebene antitumorale Wirkungen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit lag darin, ein angefertigtes Zwiebelextrakt mit nachgewiesenem Quercetin im Vergleich zu den synthetischen Flavonoiden an estrogenrezeptorpositiven MCF-7-Zellen zu untersuchen. Neben der Nachweismethode der HPLC, fanden spezielle Zellassays zur Analyse der Proliferation, Viabilität und Zytotoxizität Anwendung.
Self-consistent formulae for theoretical mass-loss rate and terminal velocity of O stars
Creators: name: Figueroa-Tapia, Felipe
name: Cure, Michel
name: Panei, Jorge Alejandro
name: Araya, Ignacio
name: Cidale, Lydia
name: Venero, Roberto Oscar José
name: Arcos, Catalina
name: Gormaz-Matamala, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Stellar winds emanating from O-type stars, renowned for their substantial mass and luminosity, exert a significant influence on galactic dynamics and interstellar environments, making them a compelling subject within stellar astrophysics. However, understanding this phenomenon requires adjusting numerous parameters using the m-CAK theory, which serves as the cornerstone of our field. One of the many objectives in studying stellar winds lies in elucidating the Momentum-Luminosity Relationship (MLR). By leveraging the values of the mass-loss rate and the terminal velocity of the wind, we can deduce the luminosity of the star, thereby deriving its distance. In this study, we follow the methodology outlined by Gormaz-Matamala et al. (2019, 2022) and employ a self-consistent procedure. We construct three grids encompassing different elements (H, H-He, and H-He-C-N-O) coupled with both wind parameters (mass-loss rate, terminal velocity, k, α, and δ) and stellar parameters (Teff , log g, and Rstar). With nearly 500 objects for each grid, we conduct a comprehensive statistical analysis for each wind parameter, enabling a theoretical estimation of the mass-loss rate and terminal velocity. Additionally, we introduce novel visualizations for the line-force parameters k, α, and δ, revealing an intriguing region in the Teff - log g diagram, particularly near 40,000 K. Finally, we present a comparative analysis between previous works by Vink et al. (2001), Gormaz-Matamala et al. (2019), among others.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL - Subharmonic lock-in detection and its optimisation for femtosecond noise correlation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Weiss, Marvin
name: Herbst, Franz
name: Eggert, Stefan
name: Nakajima, Makoto
name: Leitenstorfer, Alfred
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian
name: Kurihara, Takayuki
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complete supplementary material, including all supplementary figures