Parasyntexis khasurtensis Kopylov 2019
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Rasnitsyn, Alexandr P.
name: Shih, Chungkun
name: Ren, Dong
name: Wang, Mei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Anaxyelidae
Parasyntexis
Parasyntexis khasurtensis

description: Parasyntexis khasurtensis Kopylov, 2019
Material. CNU-HYM-LB2024503(P/C).
Locality and horizon. Huangbanjigou, Chaomidian Village, Shangyuan Township, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China; Lower Cretaceous (Barremiane–Aptian), Yixian Formation.
Description. Female. Head and thorax predominantly dark, slightly darker than abdomen; ovipositor slightly darker; legs lightly colored; forewing with pterostigma completely sclerotized; cell 1r darkened and H-shaped pattern around veins 1-Cu, 2-Cu, 3-Cu, 1m-cu and 1cu-a dark (Fig. 3).
Head: Head moderately large, nearly oval, narrower than thorax. Compound eye large and ovate (Fig. 3A, C). Antenna thick, strongly tapering to sharp apex, apparently short, with fifteen flagellomeres visible; scape slightly expanded (Fig. 3B); scape 0.68 mm long, maximum width 0.45 mm; pedicel 0.82 mm long, maximum width 0.19 mm; flagellomere I shorter than scape, 0.21 mm wide, 0.91 mm long; flagellomere II 0.17 mm wide, 0.65 mm long; the visible parts of flagellomeres gradually shortened and their length-width ratio (excluding the first and second flagellomeres) from 3.2 times to one times toward the apex, except for the last flagellomere slender and twice as long as wide.
Thorax: Pronotum trapezoid (Fig. 3A). Mesoscutum large, with anterior margin nearly straight, median longitudinal sulcus and notauli strongly impressed; mesoscutellum tapering to acute apex; ratio of lengths of prescutum, median longitudinal sulcus between notauli and mesoscuto-mesoscutellar sulcus, and mesoscutellum 3.7/4.5/4.1 (Fig. 3B), mesoscutellum triangular, tapering to acutely sharp apex (Fig. 3F).
Leg: Leg with pro- and metafemur shorter than tibia; profemur length 2.01 mm, metafemur length 1.78 mm, thick subapically, narrowed apically. Tarsi long and thin (Fig. 3B, C).
Wing: Forewing three times as long as wide (Fig. 3G). Vein C and R thick, costal area wide medially. 1r-rs 1.5 times as long as 2r-rs (Fig. 3H), 2r-rs issuing from pterostigma at its one-third of apex, as long as pterostigma wide; 1-Rs long, aligned with Rs+M, about 3.2 times as long as 1-M; 2-Rs+M short, 0.2 times as long as 1-Rs+M; 2r-rs slightly proclival; 2+3-M 1.8 times as long as 4-M; 4-M slightly longer than 3r-m and 2m-cu. Cell 1mcu pentagonal, about 1.7 times as long as wide; cell 2mcu about 0.2 times as long as wide; 2-Cu 0.8 times as long as 1-Cu; 1cu-a straight, shorter than 1-Cu; 2A+3A with long subbasal loop; cell 2+3rm long and pentagonal, about 3.2 times as long as wide; cell 1+2r 2.4 times as long as wide; cell 3r about 3.3 times as long as wide; cell 3r as long as 1+2r.
Abdomen: Abdomen slightly distorted, wider than the mesothorax, parallel-sided before ovipositor base. First abdominal tergite split medially (Fig. 3A, C). Ovipositor with first valvifer small, subhemicircular as visible; second valvifer large, with thickening medially and distally, narrowing up to single thickening before meeting with valvula 3 (saw sheath), 1.2 times as long as valvula 3, valvula 2 (dorsal stylet) visible only basally at its thickened base (Fig. 3D, E); ovipositor straight, sword-shaped (Fig. 3A, D); ovipositor full length equal to 1.1 times forewing length; ovipositor elongated and narrowly rounded apically, prominent significantly behind abdomen, valvula 3 0.4 times as long as forewing length.
Measurements (in mm). Body excluding ovipositor about 14.81 in length; head about 2.42 in length, 2.51 in width; thorax about 4.02 in length; abdomen about 8.28 in length; forewing (incompletely preserved) at least 9.72 in length, maximum width 3.61; ovipositor about 4.41 in length.
Remarks. The new specimen can be assigned to the genus Parasyntexis based on the forewing characters: costal area wide; pterostigma as wide as vein 2r-rs long; 1-Rs as long as pterostigma; both 1r-rs and 2r-rs developed, 1r-rs 1.3 times as long as 2r-rs; cell 2r wider than pterostigma; Rs+M furcating after 1m-cu, 2Rs+M present, cell 1mcu pentagonal. Kopylov (2019) described the type species P. khasurtensis based on one specimen; however, the antennae, thorax and ovipositor were not described due to the lack of preservation of these structures. Our well-preserved new specimen (CNU-HYM-LB2024503(P/C)) reported herein can supplement some new body characters for further study.
description: Published as part of Li, Yi, Rasnitsyn, Alexandr P., Shih, Chungkun, Ren, Dong & Wang, Mei, 2024, New fossil Anaxyelidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Siricoidea) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China, pp. 107-121 in Zootaxa 5562 (1) on pages 114-116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5562.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/14595696