cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contributions of individual variation in temperature, solar radiation and precipitation to crop yield in the North China Plain, 1961–2003
Creators: name: Chen, Chao
name: Baethgen, Walter E.
name: Robertson, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Climatic changes
Agronomy

description: An understanding of the relative impacts of the changes in climate variables on crop yield can help develop effective adaptation strategies to cope with climate change. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the interannual variability and trends in temperature, solar radiation and precipitation during 1961–2003 on wheat and maize yields in a double cropping system at Beijing and Zhengzhou in the North China Plain (NCP), and to examine the relative contributions of each climate variable in isolation. 129 climate scenarios consisting of all the combinations of these climate variables were constructed. Each scenario contained 43 years of observed values of one variable, combined with values of the other two variables from each individual year repeated 43 times. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) was used to simulate crop yields using the ensemble of generated climate scenarios. The results showed that the warming trend during the study period did not have significant impact on wheat yield potential at both sites, and only had significant negative impact on maize yield potential at Beijing. This is in contrast with previous results on effect of warming. The decreasing trend in solar radiation had a much greater impact on simulated yields of both wheat and maize crops, causing a significant reduction in potential yield of wheat and maize at Beijing. Although decreasing trends in rainfed yield of both simulated wheat and maize were found, the substantial interannual variability of precipitation made the trends less prominent.
title: The importance of collateral pathways in diagnosis and prognosis of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)
Creators: name: PATERNAIN NUIN, ALBERTO
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Staging
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Oncology
subject: Emergency
subject: Emergency Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the most common causes of superior vena cava obstruction. To outline the influence of the level of obstruction and the distribution of collateral vessels in diagnosis and...
Modeling of Low and High Frequency Noise by Slow and Fast Fluctuators
Creators: name: Nesterov, Alexander I.
name: Berman, Gennady P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of dephasing in a quantum two-level system by modeling both 1/f and high-frequency noise by random telegraph processes. Our approach is based on a so-called spin-fluctuator model in which a noisy environment is modeled by a large number of fluctuators. In the continuous limit we obtain an effective random process (ERP) that is described by a distribution function of the fluctuators. In a simplified model, we reduce the ERP to the two (slow and fast) ensembles of fluctuators. Using this model, we study decoherence in a superconducting flux qubit and we compare our theoretical results with the available experimental data. We demonstrate good agreement of our theoretical predictions with the experiments. Our approach can be applied to many quantum systems, such as biological complexes, semiconductors, superconducting and spin qubits, where the effects of interaction with the environment are essential.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures; Typos corrected
A randomized controlled efficacy trial of an electronic screening and brief intervention for alcohol misuse in adolescents and young adults vulnerable to HIV infection: Step up, test up study protocol
Creators: name: Kuhns, LM
name: Karnik, Niranjan
name: Hotton, A
name: Muldoon, A
name: Donenberg, Geri
name: Keglovitz, K
name: McNulty, M
name: Schneider, J
name: Summersett-Williams, F
name: Garofalo, R
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background: Young people account for more than a quarter of new HIV infections in the US, with the majority of cases among young men who have sex with men; young transgender women are also vulnerable to infection. Substance use, particularly alcohol misuse, is a driver of sexual transmission and a potential barrier to engagement in the HIV prevention and care continuum, however vulnerable youth are difficult to reach for substance use services due, in part, to complex social and structural factors and limited access to health care. The Community Prevention Services Task Force recommends electronic screening and brief intervention as an evidence-based intervention for the prevention of excessive alcohol consumption; however, no prior studies have extended this model to community-based populations of youth that are susceptible to HIV infection. This paper describes the study protocol for an electronic screening and brief intervention to reduce alcohol misuse among adolescents and young adults vulnerable to HIV infection in community-based settings. Methods: This study, Step Up, Test Up, is a randomized controlled trial of an electronic alcohol screening and brief intervention among youth, ages 16-25, who are vulnerable to HIV infection. Individuals who present for HIV testing at one of three community-based locations are recruited for study participation. Eligibility includes those aged 16-25 years, HIV-negative or unknown HIV status, male or trans female with a history of sex with men, and English-speaking. Participants who screen at moderate to high risk for alcohol misuse on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) are randomized (1:1) to either an electronic brief intervention to reduce alcohol misuse or a time-and attention-matched control. The primary outcome is change in the frequency/quantity of recent alcohol use at 1, 3, 6 and 12-month follow-up. Discussion: Testing of evidence-based interventions to reduce alcohol misuse among youth vulnerable to HIV infection are needed. This study will provide evidence to determine feasibility and efficacy of a brief electronically-delivered intervention to reduce alcohol misuse for this population. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02703116, registered March 9, 2016.
Futurama
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: The two Democratic leaders who have recently earned, for their achievements, the Nobel Prize for Peace, Jimmy Carter and Al Gore, are international icons. There is scarcely any recognition that globalization involves integration of the national economy into the international economy on other dimensions such as flows of technology (i.e., patents) and on flows of humanity (legal and illegal migration) and refugees that have occupied center stage since the 1980s.
Jed's corner
Creators: name: Johnston, Jedediah (Puppet), Speaker
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Jedediah Johnston (puppet) discusses his time at the Congress.
Roughness correction to the Casimir force at short separations: Contact distance and extreme value statistics
Creators: name: Broer, Wijnand
name: Palasantzas, George
name: Knoester, Jasper
name: Svetovoy, Vitaly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far there has been no reliable method to calculate the Casimir force at separations comparable to the root-mean-square of the height fluctuations of the surfaces. Statistical analysis of rough gold samples has revealed the presence of peaks considerably higher than the root-mean-square roughness. These peaks redefine the minimum separation distance between the bodies and can be described by extreme value statistics. Here we show that the contribution of the high peaks to the Casimir force can be calculated with a pairwise additive summation, while the contribution of asperities with normal height can be evaluated perturbatively. This method provides a reliable estimate of the Casimir force at short distances, and it solves the significant, so far unexplained discrepancy between measurements of the Casimir force between rough surfaces and the results of perturbation theory. Furthermore, we illustrate the importance of our results in a technologically relevant situation.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Forced labour, war crimes and the nazi conspiracy in the American concentration camp trial of the Mittelbau-Dora enterprise: USA va Kurt Andrae et al., 1947
Creators: name: Grieb, Christiane
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 221-231
description: UNITED STATES vs. KURT ANDRAE, et al. was a war crimes trial that took place in the American occupied zone of Germany in 1947. The concentration camp of Mittelbau-Dora provided the labour for the vengeance-missiles production of the Third Reich. The Nazi use of forced labour was condemned at the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg and prosecutors called for the consequent prosecution of all involved. Constrained by applicable laws, Nuremberg left a void in the conspiratorial assessment of individual culpability for state orchestrated crimes. Eventually, the American occupation government implemented military laws that allowed for the conviction of perpetrators for their conspiratorial furtherance of the Nazi cause. Although the trial was destined to deliver a judicial condemnation of conspiracies against the life of enslaved prisoners of war and deportees from occupied territories, the prosecution's case ultimately faltered, and the trial soon relegated its initial purpose to the background.
O'ZBEKISTONDA INVESTORLAR VA DAVLAT O'RTASIDAGI NIZOLARNI HAL ETISH HUQUQIY MEXANIZMLARINING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
Creators: name: Pirmamatova Maftuna O'ktamovna Toshkent davlat yuridik univesiteti magistranti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Annotatsiya. Mamlakat iqtisodiyotiga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri investitsiyalarni jalb qilish mazkur mamlakat iqtisodiyotining barcha sohalarining rivojlanishiga imkoniyat yaratadi. Ushbu investitsiya oqimni yo'naltirish uchun esa mamlakatda investorlar uchun yaratilgan qulay investitsion muhit va  kuchli qonunchilik bazasi talab etiladi. Investitsiya oqimining ko'payishi, o'z navbatida, investitsion nizolarning ham ko'payishiga sabab bo'ladi. Maqolada O'zbekistonda investorlar va davlat o'rtasidagi nizolarni hal etishning huquqiy mexanizmlari chuqur tahlil qilinib, ushbu mexanizmlarning nazariy asoslarini o'rganiladi va ularni hal etish usullari qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi.
Kalit so'zlar: xalqaro investitsiya huquqi, investitsiya, investor, investitsiya faoliyati, ISDR, ICSID, BIT, MIT,MIGA, arbitraj.
title: Organoaxial gastric volvulus: Relevant aspects.
Creators: name: Castellanos, Jefferson
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Volvulus
subject: Hernia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To characterize the main findings of gastric volvulus. To illustrate the importance of computed tomography (CT) imaging for diagnosis and classification. To describe the main complications of this pathology and its...
title: Do you know Wunderlich?, A dangerous stranger
Creators: name: Vargas Flores, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Acute
subject: Education
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Retroperitoneum
subject: Kidney
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the retroperitoneal anatomy . Learnthe pathophysiology of spontaneous renal hemorrhage "Wunderlich syndrome" Describe the clinical and imaging findings on computed tomography (CT) providing correlation with the most common causes. Illustrate...
title: Rare ovarian germ cell tumours. Facts, figures and followup. What the radiologist needs to know.
Creators: name: Canniff, Emma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genitourinary

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: This pictorial review aims to help the viewer understand the following points in relation to rare germ cell tumours: Identify radiologic features that help characterize the lesion Consider the differential imaging diagnoses for each tumour and the...
Compensated Isocurvature Perturbations and the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Grin, Daniel
name: Doré, Olivier
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies constrain isocurvature fluctuations between photons and non-relativistic particles to be sub-dominant to adiabatic fluctuations. Perturbations in the relative number densities of baryons and dark matter, however, are surprisingly poorly constrained. In fact, baryon-density perturbations of fairly large amplitude may exist if they are compensated by dark-matter perturbations, so that the total density remains unchanged. These compensated isocurvature perturbations (CIPs) leave no imprint on the CMB at observable scales, at linear order in their amplitude. B modes in the CMB polarization are generated at reionization through the modulation of the optical depth by CIPs, but this induced polarization is small. The strongest known constraint $\lesssim 10%$ to the CIP amplitude comes from galaxy cluster baryon fractions. Here it is shown that modulation of the baryon density by the CIP at and before the decoupling of Thomson scattering at $z\sim 1100$ gives rise to CMB effects several orders of magnitude larger than those considered before. Polarization B modes are induced, as are correlations between temperature/polarization spherical-harmonic coefficients of different $lm$. It is shown that the CIP field at the surface of last scatter can be measured with these higher-order correlations. The sensitivity of ongoing and future experiments to these fluctuations is estimated. Data from the WMAP, ACT, SPT, and Spider experiments will be sensitive to fluctuations with amplitude $\sim 5-10%$. The Planck satellite and Polarbear experiment will be sensitive to fluctuations with amplitude $\sim 3%$. SPTPol, ACTPol, and future space-based polarization methods will probe amplitudes as low as $\sim 0.4%-0.6%$. In the cosmic variance limit, the lowest amplitude CIPs that could be detected with the CMB are of amplitude $\sim 0.05%$.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures. Replaced with version published in Phys. Rev. D. Results unchanged, added Fig. 1 and corresponding discussion to explain physical origin of induced CMB correlations. Short discussion added on how to distinguish compensated isocurvature perturbations from gravitational lensing of the CMB
title: Imaging of temporal bone fractures
Creators: name: ZLITNI, Haifa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the normal temporal bone anatomy. To review the role of multidetector CT in classifying temporal bone fractures and identifying injury to critical structures. To identify associated complications related to temporal bone trauma that will...
The Mohorovicic discontinuity in ocean basins: Some observations from seismic data
Creators: name: Mutter, John Colin
name: Carton, Helene D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Submarine geology
Physical geography

description: Since the late 1970s studies of the oceanic crust using airgun sources and towed hydrophone arrays have been conducted in a wide range of ocean basin settings including mid-ocean ridges and old oceanic crust. The very earliest studies were performed at the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) and revealed a very distinct almost continuous vertical incidence reflection event at a depth corresponding to the crust–mantle transition as inferred from seismic refraction studies. This suggested that the transition was quite sharp in comparison to the source wavelength. That Moho was observed very close to or even exactly beneath the ridge crest implied that it was formed at essentially zero age. Since then, many experiments using progressively improving airgun arrays and streamer systems have expanded these observations. Here we review the literature presenting studies of “normal” oceanic crust produced at mid-ocean ridges with the objective of assessing the age of formation of Moho and the nature of variability of Moho signature in multi-channel seismic data. Moho is observed as a consistent feature for all spreading rates but appears quite variable, being very distinct in some areas, complex in form in others and absent in many regions (as much as 40%). Although fast-spread crust is associated with the strongest, simplest and most laterally continuous Moho images we see significant variability at almost all spreading rates and ages. Where Moho is absent from vertical incidence data this cannot be fully explained by the effect of scattering or attenuation in the crustal section above. Moho can be observed at zero age in only a small number of areas at or near Overlapping Spreading Centers on the EPR. After three decades of marine seismic studies many fundamental questions remain concerning the nature of the Moho that will require targeted experiments to solve.
Nobody likes a rat: On the willingness to report lies and the consequences thereof
Creators: name: Reuben, Ernesto G.
name: Stephenson, Matthew Heyser
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Business
Organizational behavior
Social psychology

description: We investigate the intrinsic motivation of individuals to report, and thereby sanction, fellow group members who lie for personal gain. We further explore the changes in lying and reporting behavior that result from giving individuals a say in who joins their group. We find that enough individuals are willing to report lies such that in fixed groups lying is unprofitable. However, we also find that when groups can select their members, individuals who report lies are generally shunned, even by groups where lying is absent. This facilitates the formation of dishonest groups where lying is prevalent and reporting is nonexistent.
The postencounter form system: viewpoint on efficient data collection within electronic health records
Creators: name: Held, P
name: Boley, RA
name: Faig, WG
name: O'Toole, JA
name: Desai, I
name: Zalta, AK
name: Khan, J
name: Sims, S
name: Brennan, MB
name: Horn, RV
name: Glover, AC
name: Hota, BN
name: Patty, BD
name: Rab, S Shafiq
name: Pollack, MH
name: Karnik, Niranjan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Electronic health records (EHRs) offer opportunities for research and improvements in patient care. However, challenges exist in using data from EHRs due to the volume of information existing within clinical notes, which can be labor intensive and costly to transform into usable data with existing strategies. This case report details the collaborative development and implementation of the postencounter form (PEF) system into the EHR at the Road Home Program at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, IL to address these concerns with limited burden to clinical workflows. The PEF system proved to be an effective tool with over 98% of all clinical encounters including a completed PEF within 5 months of implementation. In addition, the system has generated over 325,188 unique, readily-accessible data points in under 4 years of use. The PEF system has since been deployed to other settings demonstrating that the system may have broader clinical utility.
title: Multi-institutional comparison of (18F-FDG) PET/CT reports format and adherence to standards; a hybrid imaging reporting challenge
Creators: name: Shalaby, Sherif
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Audit and standards
subject: PET-CT
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Hybrid, Molecular and Translational Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Comparing (18F-FDG) PET/CT report format and protocols across multiple institutions and centers in Egypt, and how do those reports direct the patient management from clinicians perspective. Reviewing the standards and regulations of (18F-FDG) PET/CT...
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ICSID IN RESOLVING DISPUTES BETWEEN INVESTORS AND THE STATE IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW
Creators: name: Pirmamatova Maftuna Uktamovna Master's student of Tashkent State Law University
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Abstract. In this thesis, a comparative analysis of mechanisms for resolving disputes between investors and the state in international investment law is made, and many concepts related to the field are discussed. Also, the role and importance of ICSID, which is considered the most popular method of settling investor-state disputes, is analyzed within the framework of international law norms and the ICSID Convention.
Key words: international investment law, investment, investor, investment activities, ISDR, ICSID, BIT, MIT, MIGA, ICSID Convention, arbitration.
Driven optomechanical systems for mechanical entanglement distribution
Creators: name: Paternostro, M.
name: Mazzola, L.
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the distribution of entanglement from a multi-mode optical driving source to a network of remote and independent optomechanical systems. By focusing on the tripartite case, we analyse the effects that the features of the optical input states have on the degree and sharing-structure of the distributed, fully mechanical, entanglement. This study, which is conducted looking at the mechanical steady-state, highlights the structure of the entanglement distributed among the nodes and determines the relative efficiency between bipartite and tripartite entanglement transfer. We discuss a few open points, some of which directed towards the bypassing of such limitations.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in J. Phys. B, Special Issue on "Loss of coherence and memory effects in quantum dynamics", guest Eds. F. Benatti, R. Floreanini, and G. Scholes
Redefining the urban heat island
Creators: name: Stewart, Iain Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The effect of urban development on local thermal climate is ostensibly well documented in scientific literature. Since the nineteenth century, observations of “urban-rural” air temperature differences (ΔTu­-r), or urban heat island magnitudes, have been reported for hundreds of cities worldwide. The historical and geographical scope of the heat island literature is impressive. Over time, however, methodologists have raised concerns about the rigor and authenticity of that literature, especially regarding the definition, measurement, and reporting of heat island magnitudes. Indiscriminate use of “urban” and “rural” by heat island investigators to describe their field sites is a particular concern. Much confusion now surrounds the physical and cultural characteristics of so-called urban and rural sites in heat island literature. This thesis confronts these concerns through two approaches. The first approach synthesizes and evaluates a sample of 190 observational heat island studies from the period 1950 to 2007. The synthesis uses nine criteria of scientific method and communication to critically assess the experimental quality of each study. Results are discouraging: the mean quality score of the literature sample is just 50 percent, and nearly one-half of the reported heat island magnitudes are judged to be scientifically indefensible on account of incomplete or incompetent reporting. The second approach develops a landscape classification system to standardize reporting of heat island field sites and temperatures in all cities. The local climate zone (LCZ) system comprises 17 zones and is the first comprehensive climate-based classification of urban and rural landscapes for heat island investigators. Each zone represents an area that is local in scale and unique in land cover, building morphology, and screen-level thermal climate. Results show that the new classification leads to a more purposeful interpretation of heat island magnitude as ΔTLCZ, and thereby constrains the operational use of ΔTu­-r to climatologically defined and universally recognized urban and rural zones. The thesis concludes with a conceptual typology of urban heat island magnitudes, and a list of specific guidelines and recommendations to improve methodology and communication in heat island studies.
Stochastic oscillations of adaptive networks: application to epidemic modelling
Creators: name: Rogers, Tim
name: Clifford-Brown, William
name: Mills, Catherine
name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Adaptive-network models are typically studied using deterministic differential equations which approximately describe their dynamics. In simulations, however, the discrete nature of the network gives rise to intrinsic noise which can radically alter the system's behaviour. In this article we develop a method to predict the effects of stochasticity in adaptive networks by making use of a pair-based proxy model. The technique is developed in the context of an epidemiological model of a disease spreading over an adaptive network of infectious contact. Our analysis reveals that in this model the structure of the network exhibits stochastic oscillations in response to fluctuations in the disease dynamic.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Jed's song
Creators: name: Johnston, Jedediah (Puppet), Performer
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Jedediah Johnston (puppet) sings a song he wrote putting into prespective his time spent at the Congress.
title: Heroin lungs - radiologist to the rescue
Creators: name: Gulin, Matko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Toxicity
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: "Heroin lungs" is aterm used to describe lung changes caused by opiate abuse and intoxication. The objectives of this poster are: 1. Emphasize the importance of radiologist's role in narrowing down the differential diagnosis of the most common...
Experimental Study of Particle Transport and Deposition Distribution over Complex Terrains Based on Spherical Alumina
Creators: name: Liu, Yusheng
name: Zhuo, Jun
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Dun, Hongchao
name: Gong, Kang
name: Shi, Li
name: Huang, Ning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401101
subject: Air pollution modelling and control

description: The transport and deposition of atmospheric particulate matter have attracted significant attention recently due to the increasing frequency of extreme disaster events, such as dust storms, volcanic eruptions, and extensive forest fires. The size distribution of the transported material and the conditions of the land–air interface are dominant factors in comprehending the detrimental potential of atmospheric particulate matter. However, it is still a challenge to understand the mechanism of dust deposition, especially over complex terrain. In an effort to investigate the deposition characteristics of particles over complex terrain, a series of experiments were conducted in a multifunctional environmental wind tunnel. The results show that the wind speed directly above the top of the mild slope model is significantly greater than that in the steep slope model, which indicates that a steep slope has a greater blocking effect on wind fields. At low wind speeds, the average wind speed at the top of the mild slope model is 17.8% higher than that at the top of the steep slope model, and at high wind speeds the average wind speed at the top of the mild slope model is 8.6% higher than that at the top of the steep slope model. The influence trend of the steep slope model and the combination model is basically the same, with both decreasing first and then increasing with the direction of wind velocity. The amount of surface deposition is greatly affected by the location of the feeding point and the microscale characteristics of the surface. In the steep slope model, the deposition is mainly distributed on the windward side, while the leeward side has a small amount of deposition. In the mild slope model, particles are deposited not only on the windward side, but also on the leeward side. The average rate of decline in deposition flux in the steep slope model is 88.4% and 75.1% in the mild slope model. The use of the combination model reduces the particle concentration at the back end compared with the single model. In three different models, the deposition on the windward side was shown to be significantly greater than that on the leeward side of the model. Our work increases understanding of the deposition of coarse dust particles over complex terrain and provides basic data for improving the accuracy of large-region particle transport and deposition simulations.
Controls on interior West Antarctic Ice Sheet Elevations: inferences from geologic constraints and ice sheet modeling
Creators: name: Ackert Jr., Robert P.
name: Putnam, Aaron Ervin
name: Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy
name: Pollard, David
name: DeConto, Robert M.
name: Kurz, Mark D.
name: Borns Jr., Harold W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Climatic changes
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics

description: Knowledge of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) response to past sea level and climate forcing is necessary to predict its response to warmer temperatures in the future. The timing and extent of past interior WAIS elevation changes provides insight to WAIS behavior and constraints for ice sheet models. Constraints prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) however, are rare. Surface exposure ages of glacial erratics near the WAIS divide at Mt. Waesche in Marie Byrd Land, and at the Ohio Range in the Transantarctic Mountains, range from ∼10 ka to >500 ka without a dependence on elevation. The probability distribution functions (PDF) of the exposure ages at both locations, are remarkably similar. During the last glaciation, maximum interior ice elevations as recorded by moraines and erratics were reached between 10 ka and 12 ka. However, most exposure ages are older than the LGM and cluster around ∼40 ka and ∼80 ka. The peak in the exposure age distributions at ∼40 ka includes ages of alpine moraine boulders at Mercer Ridge in the Ohio Range. Comparison of the PDF of exposures ages from the Ohio Range and Mt. Waesche with the temperature record from the Fuji Dome ice core indicates that the youngest peak in the exposure age distributions corresponds to the abrupt warming during the Last Glacial termination. A prominent peak in the Ohio Range PDF corresponds to the penultimate termination (stage 5e). During the intervening glacial period, there is not a consistent relationship between the peaks in the PDF at each location and temperature. A combined ice sheet/ice shelf model with forcing scaled to marine δ18O predicts that interior WAIS elevations near the ice divide have varied ∼300 m over the Last Glacial cycle. Peaks in the PDF correspond to model highstands over the last 200 ka. In the simulated elevation history, maximum ice elevations at Ohio Range (+100 m) and Mt. Waesche (+60 m) occur at ∼10 ka, in agreement with observations from these sites. During collapse of the marine portion of the WAIS, ice elevations at Ohio Range and Mt. Waesche are drawn down at least 200 m below the present ice elevation. The good correspondence between the model results and observations at both the Ohio Range and Mt. Waesche supports the conclusion that interior WAIS highstands do not occur during glacial maximums. Rather, the highstands are controlled primarily by increased accumulation during temperature maximums that occur early in the interglacials. Interior down-draw events follow highstands, resulting from the arrival of a wave of thinning triggered by retreat of the WAIS grounding line coupled with decreasing accumulation rates.
Astrochemistry in an Ion Storage Ring
Creators: name: Novotny, Oldrich
name: Berg, M. H.
name: Buhr, H.
name: Froese, M.
name: Geppert, W.
name: Grieser, M.
name: Grussie, F.
name: Hamberg, M.
name: Krantz, C.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Mendes, M.
name: Nordhorn, C.
name: Novotny, S.
name: Orlov, D. A.
name: Petrignani, A.
name: Shornikov, A.
name: Stutzel, J.
name: Schwalm, D.
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Wolf, A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Astrophysics
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics

description: Storage ring studies of low energy electron collisions with molecular ions have been carried out for dissociative recombination (DR) of fluorine-bearing molecules. Here we report on work aiming to improve the understanding of astrochemistry involving HF, a possible spectroscopic tracer of interstellar H2. For CF+ the rate coefficient was obtained for temperatures down to 10 K. For D2F+ the DR fragmentation branching ratios were determined to be 66(3)%, 24(2)%, and 10(2)% for the F+D+D, DF+D, and D2+F channels, respectively. The molecular DR products of this reaction, DF and D2, display an unusually high level of internal excitation, close to their dissociation limit.
Rate of alignment and communication using quantum systems in the absence of a shared frame of reference
Creators: name: Skotiniotis, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 90-98
description: Quantum information theory is concerned with the storage, transmission, and manipu­lation of information that is represented in the degrees of freedom of quantum systems. These degrees of freedom are described relative to an external frame of reference. The lack of a requisite frame of reference imposes restrictions on the types of states quantum systems can be prepared in and the type of operations that can be performed on quantum systems. This thesis is concerned with the communication between two parties that lack a shared frame of reference. Specifically, I introduce a protocol whereby the parties can align their respective frames of reference, and a protocol for communicating quantum information in a reference frame independent manner. Using the accessible information to quantify the success of a reference frame alignment protocol I propose a new measure-the alignment rate-for quantifying the ability of a quantum state to stand in place of a classical frame of reference. I show that for the case where Alice and Bob lack a shared frame of reference associated with the groups G = U(l) and G = ZM (the finite cyclic group of !VI elements), the alignment rate is equal to the regularized, linearized G-asymmetry. The latter is a unique measure of the frameness of a quantum state and my result provides in operational interpretation of the G-asymmetry that was thus far lacking. In addition, I show that the alignment rate for finite cyclic groups of more than three elements is super-addictive under the tensor product of two distinct pure quantum states. The latter is, to my knowledge, the first instance of a regularized quantity that exhibits super-additivty. In addition, I propose a reference-frame-independent protocol for communicating quantum information in the absence of a shared frame of reference associated with a general finite group G. The protocol transmits m logical qudits using r + m physical qudits prepared in a specific state that is reference-frame invariant. Measuring the first r qudits allows one to infer the unitary correction that is required to retrieve the remaining m qudits with perfect fidelity. Moreover, the number of ancillary qudits, r, is finite and depends only the group G associated with the requisite frame of reference. I show that the number of single and two-qubit gates required to encode and decode m logical qudits into m + r physical qudits scales linearly with m and the number of group elements IGI. Furthermore, the number of single and two-qubit gates required per logical qudit m is constant allowing for a more efficient implementation than the best currently known reference frame independent protocols.
Interactions between vibrio parahaemolyticus and human and oyster phagocytes
Creators: name: Scott, Donna Katherine
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 82-96
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of copyright permission. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium and is the leading cause of bacterial seafood-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. V parahaemolyticus possesses two type III secretion systems (T3SS); one on each of the two chromosomes. The T3SS-I is present in all strains examined to date, whereas the T3SS-II is found primarily in toxigenic strains associated with human disease. This work examines the interaction of the bacterium in the presence of oyster hemocytes and human neutrophils in an effort to understand how the T3SSs contribute to survival in each respective niche. Various gene expression, protein secretion and phagocytosis assays were carried out with oyster hemocytes, and the overall V parahaemolyticus and neutrophil interaction was studied with bacterial and cellular viability assays. The results suggest that the T3SS-I contributes to an antiphagocytic effect in oyster hemocytes, and may mediate neutrophil cytotoxicity. Further characterization of these interactions is required to determine the mechanism behind these findings.
Reply to "Comment to a paper of M. Villata on antigravity"
Creators: name: Villata, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short paper we reply to the Comment [arXiv:1108.4543] by M. J. T. F. Cabbolet on Villata's theory of antigravity [arXiv:1103.4937]. The criticisms of methodological and ontological kind presented by that author come from a misinterpretation of some concepts, perhaps due to some lack of clarity or omission of details in Villata's original article. In order to clarify these points, here we provide additional explanations regarding the assumptions and results of the theory.
description: 3 pages, accepted as a Letter to the Editor by Astrophysics and Space Science
title: Imaging features of necrotizing pneumonia in children
Creators: name: Oprea, Valer-Aurelian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Infection
subject: Complications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Discuss necrotizing pneumonia’s characteristics Review the imaging methods used to evaluate necrotizing pneumonia Describe the imaging features of necrotizing pneumonia in...
Evolution of the Symbiotic Nova PU Vul -- Outbursting White Dwarf, Nebulae, and Pulsating Red Giant Companion
Creators: name: Kato, Mariko
name: Mikolajewska, Joanna
name: Hachisu, Izumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a composite light-curve model of the symbiotic nova PU Vul (Nova Vulpeculae 1979) that shows a long-lasted flat optical peak followed by a slow decline. Our model light-curve consists of three components of emission, i.e., an outbursting white dwarf (WD), its M-giant companion, and nebulae. The WD component dominates in the flat peak while the nebulae dominate after the photospheric temperature of the WD rises to log T (K) >~ 4.5, suggesting its WD origin. We analyze the 1980 and 1994 eclipses to be total eclipses of the WD occulted by the pulsating M-giant companion with two sources of the nebular emission; one is an unocculted nebula of the M-giant's cool-wind origin and the other is a partially occulted nebula associated to the WD. We confirmed our theoretical outburst model of PU Vul by new observational estimates, that spanned 32 yr, of the temperature and radius. Also our eclipse analysis confirmed that the WD photosphere decreased by two orders of magnitude between the 1980 and 1994 eclipses. We obtain the reddening E(B-V) ~ 0.3 and distance to PU Vul d ~ 4.7 kpc. We interpret the recent recovery of brightness in terms of eclipse of the hot nebula surrounding the WD, suggesting that hydrogen burning is still going on. To detect supersoft X-rays, we recommend X-ray observations around June 2014 when absorption by neutral hydrogen is minimum.
description: 16 pages including 8 figs, to appear in ApJ
Moist Recirculation and Water Vapor Transport on Dry Isentropes
Creators: name: Shaw, Tiffany Ann
name: Laliberte, Frederic
name: Pauluis, Olivier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: An analysis of the overturning circulation in dry isentropic coordinates using reanalysis data is presented. The meridional mass fluxes on surfaces of constant dry potential temperature but distinct equivalent potential temperature are separated into southward and northward contributions. The separation identifies thermodynamically distinct mass fluxes moving in opposite directions. The eddy meridional water vapor transport is shown to be associated with large poleward and equatorward mass fluxes occurring at the same value of dry potential temperature but different equivalent potential temperature. These mass fluxes, referred to here as the moist recirculation, are associated with an export of water vapor from the subtropics connecting the Hadley cell to the midlatitude storm tracks. The poleward branch of the moist recirculation occurs at mean equivalent potential temperatures comparable to upper tropospheric dry potential temperature values, indicating that typical poleward-moving air parcels can ascend to the tropopause. The analysis suggests that these air parcels ascend on the equatorward side of storm tracks by following moist isentropes reminiscent of upright deep convection, while on the poleward side their moist isentropes are indicative of large-scale slantwise convection. In the equatorward branch, the analysis describes typical air parcels that follow their dry isentropes until they get injected into the boundary layer where they are subsequently moistened. The moist recirculation along with the mean equivalent potential temperature of its poleward and equatorward components are used to recover an approximate overturning circulation on moist isentropes from which it is shown that the moist recirculation accounts for the difference between the meridional circulation averaged on dry and on moist isentropes.
Thermally-Assisted Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetization Reversal in Uniaxial Nanomagnets
Creators: name: Pinna, D.
name: Mitra, Aditi
name: Stein, D. L.
name: Kent, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) dynamics of a uniaxial nanomagnet out to sub-millisecond timescales using a graphical processing unit based micromagnetic code and determine the effect of geometrical tilts between the spin-current and uniaxial anisotropy axes on the thermally assisted reversal dynamics. The asymptotic behavior of the switching time ($I\rightarrow 0$, $\propto\exp(-ξ(1-I)^2)$) is approached gradually, indicating a broad crossover regime between ballistic and thermally assisted spin transfer reversal. Interestingly, the mean switching time is shown to be nearly independent of the angle between the spin current and magnet's uniaxial axes. These results have important implications for modeling the energetics of thermally assisted magnetization reversal of spin transfer magnetic random access memory bit cells.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Jed's corner with Elizabeth Pienaar
Creators: name: Johnston, Jedediah (Puppet), Interviewer
name: Pienaar, Elizabeth
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Jedediah Johnston (puppet) interviews Elizabeth Pienaar.