cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MPEC 2023-T157 : 2023 TT5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TT5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Are Fairness Perceptions Shaped by Income Inequality? Evidence from Latin America
Creators: name: Gasparini, Leonardo
name: Reyes, Germán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A common assumption in the literature is that the level of income inequality shapes individuals' beliefs about whether the income distribution is fair (``fairness views,'' for short). However, individuals do not directly observe income inequality (which often leads to large misperceptions), nor do they consider all inequities to be unfair. In this paper, we empirically assess the link between objective measures of income inequality and fairness views in a context of high but decreasing income inequality. We combine opinion poll data with harmonized data from household surveys of 18 Latin American countries from 1997--2015. We report three main findings. First, we find a strong and statistically significant relationship between income inequality and unfairness views across countries and over time. Unfairness views evolved in the same direction as income inequality for 17 out of the 18 countries in our sample. Second, individuals who are older, unemployed, and left-wing are, on average, more likely to perceive the income distribution as very unfair. Third, fairness views and income inequality have predictive power for individuals' self-reported propensity to mobilize and protest independent of each other, suggesting that these two variables capture different channels through which changes in the income distribution can affect social unrest.
description: JEL Codes: D31, D63, D83. Keywords: Distributive Justice, Fairness, Income Inequality, Latin America, Perceptions
Semi-phenomenological description of the chiral bands in $^{188,190}Os$
Creators: name: Raduta, A. A.
name: Raduta, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of interacting particles are coupled to a phenomenological core described using the generalized coherent state model. Among the particle-core states a finite set which have the property that the angular momenta carried by the proton and neutron quadrupole bosons and the particles, separately, are mutually orthogonal are identified. The magnetic properties of such states are studied. All terms of the model Hamiltonian exhibit chiral symmetry except the spin-spin interaction. There are four bands of the type with two-quasiparticle-core dipole states, exhibiting properties which are specific for magnetic twin bands. An application is presented, for the isotopes $^{188, 190}$Os.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.5059
Is there a relationship between geographic distance and uptake of HIV testing services? A representative population-based study of Chinese adults in Guangzhou, China
Creators: name: Hall, Brian J.
name: Renzaho, Andre M. N.
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
name: Zhou, Fangjing
name: Latkin, Carl
name: Ling, Li
name: Chen, Wen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Achieving high coverage of HIV testing services is critical in many health systems, especially where HIV testing services remain centralized and inconvenient for many. As a result, planning the optimal spatial distribution of HIV testing sites is increasingly important. We aimed to assess the relationship between geographic distance and uptake of HIV testing services among the general population in Guangzhou, China. Utilizing spatial epidemiological methods and stratified household random sampling, we studied 666 adults aged 18–59. Computer-assisted interviews assessed self-reported HIV testing history. Spatial scan statistic assessed the clustering of participants who have ever been tested for HIV, and two-level logistic regression models assessed the association between uptake of HIV testing and the mean driving distance from the participant’s residence to all HIV testing sites in the research sites. The percentage of participants who have ever been tested for HIV was 25.2% (168/666, 95%CI: 21.9%, 28.5%), and the majority (82.7%) of participants tested for HIV in Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, public hospitals or STIs clinics. None reported using self-testing. Spatial clustering analyses found a hotspot included 48 participants who have ever been tested for HIV and 25.8 expected cases (Rate Ratio = 1.86, P = 0.002). Adjusted two-level logistic regression found an inverse relationship between geographic distance (kilometers) and ever being tested for HIV (aOR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.84, 0.96). Married or cohabiting participants (aOR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.09, 4.20) and those with greater social support (aOR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.07) were more likely to be tested for HIV. Our findings underscore the importance of considering the geographical distribution of HIV testing sites to increase testing. In addition, expanding HIV testing coverage by introducing non-facility based HIV testing services and self-testing might be useful to achieve the goal that 90% of people living with HIV knowing their HIV status by the year 2020.
CHALLENGES OF EGOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SERVICE
Creators: name: Kalu, Oleh Ezichi
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: E-Government policy
Government efficiency
Government effectiveness
Government transparency
E-management
ICT

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 1, 13-25
Designing effective debriefs: Study 4
Creators: name: Velez, Yamil
name: Wood, Thomas J.
name: Clayton, Katherine
name: Porter, Ethan
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We seek to understand whether we can make debriefs more effective at reducing belief in misinformation in survey research via a variety of strategies.
StructMatrix: large-scale visualization of graphs by means of structure detection and dense matrices
Creators: name: Gualdron, Hugo
name: Cordeiro, Robson
name: Rodrigues, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a large-scale graph with millions of nodes and edges, how to reveal macro patterns of interest, like cliques, bi-partite cores, stars, and chains? Furthermore, how to visualize such patterns altogether getting insights from the graph to support wise decision-making? Although there are many algorithmic and visual techniques to analyze graphs, none of the existing approaches is able to present the structural information of graphs at large-scale. Hence, this paper describes StructMatrix, a methodology aimed at high-scalable visual inspection of graph structures with the goal of revealing macro patterns of interest. StructMatrix combines algorithmic structure detection and adjacency matrix visualization to present cardinality, distribution, and relationship features of the structures found in a given graph. We performed experiments in real, large-scale graphs with up to one million nodes and millions of edges. StructMatrix revealed that graphs of high relevance (e.g., Web, Wikipedia and DBLP) have characterizations that reflect the nature of their corresponding domains; our findings have not been seen in the literature so far. We expect that our technique will bring deeper insights into large graph mining, leveraging their use for decision making.
description: To appear: 8 pages, paper to be published at the Fifth IEEE ICDM Workshop on Data Mining in Networks, 2015 as Hugo Gualdron, Robson Cordeiro, Jose Rodrigues (2015) StructMatrix: Large-scale visualization of graphs by means of structure detection and dense matrices In: The Fifth IEEE ICDM Workshop on Data Mining in Networks 1--8, IEEE
EFFECT OF CORPORATION STRATEGY ON MARKET REACTION TO EARNING IN THE ACCEPTED CORPORATIONS OF TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE
Creators: name: Hosseini, Nahid
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Corporation strategy
Market reaction to profit
Strategy of product differentiation
Strategy of expenditure leadership
Kolmogrov-Smirnov test..

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 1, 61-72
Fragmentation Functions for $Ξ^-/\barΞ^+$ Using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Soleymaninia, Maryam
name: Hashamipour, Hadi
name: Khanpour, Hamzeh
name: Spiesberger, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of fragmentation functions (FFs) for the octet baryon $Ξ^-/\barΞ^+$ from data for single inclusive electron-positron annihilation. Our parametrization in this QCD analysis is provided in terms of a Neural Network (NN). We determine fragmentation functions for $Ξ^-/\barΞ^+$ at next-to-leading order and for the first time at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. We discuss the improvement of higher-order QCD corrections, the quality of fit, and the comparison of our theoretical results with the fitted datasets. As an application of our new set of fragmentation functions, named SHKS22, we present predictions for $Ξ^- / \barΞ^+$ baryon production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC experiments.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, and 2 tables
Covariant dynamics on the momentum space
Creators: name: Ivetic, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometrical interpretation of Schrödinger's kinetic and potential energy operators is proposed, allowing for a covariant momentum space formulation of the dynamics that is relevant for the theories with the deformation of the momentum space structure. Some specific examples are discussed in the context of flat space deformations and the Euclidean Snyder (spherical momentum space) model. In this formulation the dynamics for the deformations of the flat momentum space becomes trivial, while different versions of the Snyder model turn out to be dynamically equivalent.
description: 8 pages
Rhoban Football Club: RoboCup Humanoid Kid-Size 2023 Champion Team Paper
Creators: name: Allali, Julien
name: Boussicault, Adrien
name: Brocaire, Cyprien
name: Dobigeon, Céline
name: Duclusaud, Marc
name: Gaspard, Clément
name: Gimbert, Hugo
name: Gondry, Loïc
name: Ly, Olivier
name: Passault, Grégoire
name: Pirrone, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 2023, Rhoban Football Club reached the first place of the KidSize soccer competition for the fifth time, and received the best humanoid award. This paper presents and reviews important points in robots architecture and workflow, with hindsights from the competition.
Do debriefs work? Study 2
Creators: name: Porter, Ethan
name: Clayton, Katherine
name: Velez, Yamil
name: Wood, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In an initial preregistered study (https://osf.io/awtfd), we examined whether post-treatment debriefs in online survey experiments effectively undo the effects of exposure to harmful or misleading content on survey participants’ beliefs and attitudes. We replicated two online survey experiments in the social sciences that have exposed participants to harmful or misleading content, and examined the effectiveness of debriefs by measuring the outcomes before vs. after a debrief is delivered. This study takes a similar approach, examining whether debriefs undo the effects of exposure to false information on belief in false claims. Our hypothesis is that debriefs will fail to eliminate the effects of false information on factual beliefs.
MULTI-CRITERIA STATISTICAL-BASED ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AS A MODERATING FACTOR ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FREE CASH FLOW AND APPLYING THE SUITABLE ASSETS
Creators: name: Hamidreza Torang
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Corporation Ownership
Audit Committee
Statistical analysis
shareholders
ownership structure.
Differential GPS
PPP

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 1, 81-89
ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF L-BAND ATLAS GNSS SYSTEM IN THAILAND
Creators: name: Kritsada Anantakarn
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: GNSS
RTK
Post-Processing
L-Band, CORS
IGS
Differential GPS
PPP

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 1, 91-98
Quantum phase with coexisting localized, extended, and critical zones
Creators: name: Wang, Yucheng
name: Zhang, Long
name: Sun, Wei
name: Poon, Ting-Fung Jeffrey
name: Liu, Xiong-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventionally a mobility edge (ME) marks a critical energy that separates two different transport zones where all states are extended and localized, respectively. Here we propose a novel quasiperiodic spin-orbit coupled lattice model with experimental feasibility to realize a fundamentally new quantum phase with three coexisting energy-dependent zones, i.e., the extended, critical and localized zones, and uncover the underlying generic mechanism for the occurrence of the new quantum phase. Accordingly, this phase exhibits new types of MEs which separate the extended states from critical ones, and the localized states from critical ones, respectively. We introduce the diagnostic quantities to characterize and distinguish the different zones, and show that the predicted phase can be detected by measuring the fractal dimension or conductivities. The experimental realization is also proposed and studied. This work extends the concept of ME and enriches the quantum phases in disordered systems, which sheds light on searching for new localization and critical phenomena with novel transport and thermoelectric effects.
title: Untersuchung zur Auswirkung der retrograden Urographie in Anwesenheit eines Harnblasenkarzinoms auf die Entstehung von Urothelkarzinomen des oberen Harntraktes: eine unizentrische retrospektive Analyse
Creators: name: Püllen, Lukas
name: Kaspar, Cordelia
name: Reis, Henning
name: Heß, Jochen
name: Panic, Andrej
name: Hadaschik, Boris
name: Tschirdewahn, Stephan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einführung: In Abhängigkeit von der urothelialen Oberfläche finden sich Urothelkarzinome in 90–95% im unteren und 5–10% im oberen Harntrakt. 2,6–5,5% der Rezidive eines Harnblasenkarzinoms treten im oberen Harntrakt auf. Neben der CT-Urographie kann[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
MPEC 2023-T158 : 2023 TU5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TU5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Eccentricity of Long Inspiraling Compact Binaries Sheds Light on Dark Sirens
Creators: name: Yang, Tao
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Lee, Hyung Mok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The localization and distance inference of gravitational waves are two crucial factors for dark sirens as precise probes of cosmology, astrophysics, and fundamental physics. In this Letter, for the first time we investigate the parameter estimation of gravitational waves emitted by the eccentric compact binaries in the mid-frequency (0.1--10 Hz) band. Based on the configuration of one cluster of DECIGO (B-DECIGO), we simulate five types of typical compact binaries in GWTC-3 with component mass ranging from $\mathcal{O}(1\sim100)~M_{\odot}$. For each type of binaries, we assign discrete eccentricities from 0 to 0.4 at 0.1 Hz in $10^3$ random orientations. The multiple harmonics induced by eccentricity can break the degeneracy between parameters. We find that with eccentricity $e_0=0.4$, these typical binaries can achieve $\mathcal{O}(10^2-10^4)$ improvement for the distance inference in the near face-on orientations, compared to the circular case. More importantly, a nonvanishing eccentricity ($0.01\sim0.4$) can significantly improve the source localization of the typical binary black holes, most by $1.5\sim{3.5}$ orders of magnitude. Our result shows the remarkable significance of eccentricity for dark sirens in the mid-band as precise probes of the Universe.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to match the published PRL version
It’s positive to be negative: Achilles tendon work loops during human locomotion
Creators: name: Franz, Jason R.
name: Zelik, Karl E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used with motion and force data to quantify tendon dynamics during human movement. Frequently, tendon dynamics are estimated indirectly from muscle fascicle kinematics (by subtracting muscle from muscle-tendon unit length), but there is mounting evidence that this Indirect approach yields implausible tendon work loops. Since tendons are passive viscoelastic structures, when they undergo a loading-unloading cycle they must exhibit a negative work loop (i.e., perform net negative work). However, prior studies using this Indirect approach report large positive work loops, often estimating that tendons return 2–5 J of elastic energy for every 1 J of energy stored. More direct ultrasound estimates of tendon kinematics have emerged that quantify tendon elongations by tracking either the muscle-tendon junction or localized tendon tissue. However, it is unclear if these yield more plausible estimates of tendon dynamics. Our objective was to compute tendon work loops and hysteresis losses using these two Direct tendon kinematics estimates during human walking. We found that Direct estimates generally resulted in negative work loops, with average tendon hysteresis losses of 2–11% at 1.25 m/s and 33–49% at 0.75 m/s (N = 8), alluding to 0.51–0.98 J of tendon energy returned for every 1 J stored. We interpret this finding to suggest that Direct approaches provide more plausible estimates than the Indirect approach, and may be preferable for understanding tendon energy storage and return. However, the Direct approaches did exhibit speed-dependent trends that are not consistent with isolated, in vitro tendon hysteresis losses of about 5–10%. These trends suggest that Direct estimates also contain some level of error, albeit much smaller than Indirect estimates. Overall, this study serves to highlight the complexity and difficulty of estimating tendon dynamics non-invasively, and the care that must be taken to interpret biological function from current ultrasound-based estimates.
LAG-3 potentiates the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in host phagocytes by modulating mitochondrial signaling in an in-vitro granuloma model
Creators: name: Gautam, Uma S.
name: Bucsan, Allison N.
name: Phillips, Bonnie L.
name: Mehra, Smriti
name: Foreman, Taylor W.
name: Kaushal, Deepak
name: Niu, Tianhua
name: Golden, Nadia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: CD4+ T-cell mediated Th1 immune responses are critical for immunity to TB. The immunomodulatory protein, lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) decreases Th1-type immune responses in T-cells. LAG-3 expression is significantly induced in the lungs of macaques with active TB and correlates with increased bacterial burden. Overproduction of LAG-3 can greatly diminish responses and could lead to uncontrolled Mtb replication. To assess the effect of LAG-3 on the progression of Mtb infection, we developed a co-culture system wherein blood-derived macrophages are infected with Mtb and supplemented with macaque blood or lung derived CD4+ T-cells. Silencing LAG-3 signaling in macaque lung CD4+ T-cells enhanced killing of Mtb in co-cultures, accompanied by reduced mitochondrial electron transport and increased IFN-γ expression. Thus, LAG-3 may modulate adaptive immunity to Mtb infection by interfering with the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Better understanding this pathway could allow us to circumvent immune features that promote disease.
Statistical analysis of AlIII 1860 and CIII] 1909 emission lines as virial black hole mass estimators in quasars
Creators: name: Buendia-Rios, T. M.
name: Negrete, C. A.
name: Marziani, P.
name: Dultzin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the usefulness of the intermediate ionisation lines AlIII 1860 and CIII] 1909 as reliable virial mass estimators for quasars. We identify a sample of 309 quasars from the SDSS DR16 in the redshift range 1.2 < z < 1.4 to have [OII] 3728 recorded on the same spectrum of AlIII 1860, SiIII 1890, and CIII] 1909. We set the systemic quasar redshift using careful measurements of [OII]. We then classified the sources as Population A, extreme Population A (xA) and Population B, and analysed the 1900Å blend using multi-component models to look for systematic line shifts of the AlIII and CIII] along the quasar main sequence. We do not find significant shifts of the AlIII line peak in Pop. B and the wide majority of Pop. A. For Pop. xA, a small median blueshift of -250 km/s was observed, motivating a decomposition of the AlIII line profile into a virialized component centred at rest-frame and a blueshifted component for an outflow emission. For Pop. B objects, we proved the empirical necessity to fit a redshifted very broad component (VBC), clearly seen in CIII], and analysed the physical implications on a Pop. B composite spectrum using CLOUDY simulations. We find consistent black hole mass estimations using AlIII and CIII] as virial estimators for the bulk of Population A. AlIII (and even CIII]) is a reliable virial black hole mass estimator for Pop. A and B objects. xA sources deserve special attention due to the significant blueshifted excess observed in the line profile of AlIII, although not as large as those observed in CIV 1549.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Fractional optical angular momentum and multi-defect-mediated mode re-normalization and orientation control in photonic crystal microring resonators
Creators: name: Wang, Mingkang
name: Zhou, Feng
name: McClung, Andrew
name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Aksyuk, Vladimir A.
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in circularly symmetric optical microresonators exhibit integer quantized angular momentum numbers due to the boundary condition imposed by the geometry. Here, we show that incorporating a photonic crystal pattern in an integrated microring can result in WGMs with fractional optical angular momentum. By choosing the photonic crystal periodicity to open a photonic bandgap with a band-edge momentum lying between that of two WGMs of the unperturbed ring, we observe hybridized WGMs with half-integer quantized angular momentum numbers ($m \in \mathbb{Z}$ + 1/2). Moreover, we show that these modes with fractional angular momenta exhibit high optical quality factors with good cavity-waveguide coupling and an order of magnitude reduced group velocity. Additionally, by introducing multiple artificial defects, multiple modes can be localized to small volumes within the ring, while the relative orientation of the de-localized band-edge states can be well-controlled. Our work unveils the renormalization of WGMs by the photonic crystal, demonstrating novel fractional angular momentum states and nontrivial multi-mode orientation control arising from continuous rotational symmetry breaking. The findings are expected to be useful for sensing/metrology, nonlinear optics, and cavity quantum electrodynamics.
description: Accept by Physical Review Letter
A fundamental condition for harmonic analysis in anisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces
Creators: name: Hästö, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E30 (46A55, 51M16)

description: Anisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces have been investigated in many recent papers, but the basic assumptions are not as well understood as in the isotropic case. We study the greatest convex minorant of anisotropic $Φ$-functions and prove the equivalence of two widely used conditions in the theory of generalized Orlicz spaces, usually called (A1) and (M). This provides a more natural and easily verifiable condition for use in the theory of anisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces for results such as Jensen's inequality which we obtain as a corollary.
description: An earlier version of this paper was titled "Anisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces"
Observation of intrinsic chiral bound states in the continuum
Creators: name: Chen, Yang
name: Deng, Huachun
name: Sha, Xinbo
name: Chen, Weijin
name: Wang, Ruize
name: Chen, Yuhang
name: Wu, Dong
name: Chu, Jiaru
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
name: Xiao, Shumin
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photons with spin angular momentum possess intrinsic chirality which underpins many phenomena including nonlinear optics1, quantum optics2, topological photonics3 and chiroptics4. Intrinsic chirality is weak in natural materials, and recent theoretical proposals5-7 aimed to enlarge circular dichroism by resonant metasurfaces supporting bound states in the continuum that enhance substantially chiral light-matter interaction. Those insightful works resort to three-dimensional sophisticated geometries, which are too challenging to be realized for optical frequencies8. Therefore, most of the experimental attempts9-11 showing strong circular dichroism rely on false/extrinsic chirality by employing either oblique incidence9, 10 or structural anisotropy11. Here, we report on the experimental realization of true/intrinsic chiral response with resonant metasurfaces where the engineered slant geometry breaks both in-plane and out-of-plane symmetries. Our result marks the first observation of intrinsic chiral bound states in the continuum with near-unity chiral dichroism of 0.93 and record-high quality factor exceeding 2663 for visible frequencies. Our chiral metasurfaces promise a plethora of applications in chiral light sources and detectors, chiral sensing, valleytronics and asymmetric photocatalysis.
Leucine Rich α-2 Glycoprotein: A Novel Neutrophil Granule Protein and Modulator of Myelopoiesis
Creators: name: Gerber, Jonathan M.
name: Price, Andrea E.
name: Druhan, Lawrence J.
name: Baxter, Sarah A.
name: Emerson, Jacob T.
name: Lance, Amanda
name: Avalos, Belinda R.
name: Li, Shimena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG1), a serum protein produced by hepatocytes, has been implicated in angiogenesis and tumor promotion. Our laboratory previously reported the expression of LRG1 in murine myeloid cell lines undergoing neutrophilic granulocyte differentiation. However, the presence of LRG1 in primary human neutrophils and a role for LRG1 in regulation of hematopoiesis have not been previously described. Here we show that LRG1 is packaged into the granule compartment of human neutrophils and secreted upon neutrophil activation to modulate the microenvironment. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and direct biochemical measurements, we demonstrate that LRG1 is present in the peroxidase-negative granules of human neutrophils. Exocytosis assays indicate that LRG1 is differentially glycosylated in neutrophils, and co-released with the secondary granule protein lactoferrin. Like LRG1 purified from human serum, LRG1 secreted from activated neutrophils also binds cytochrome c. We also show that LRG1 antagonizes the inhibitory effects of TGFβ1 on colony growth of human CD34+ cells and myeloid progenitors. Collectively, these data invoke an additional role for neutrophils in innate immunity that has not previously been reported, and suggest a novel mechanism whereby neutrophils may modulate the microenvironment via extracellular release of LRG1.
StarDist Plant Nuclei 3D ResNet
Creators: name: Yu, Qin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
3d
resnet
stardist
tensorflow
segmentation
nucleus-segmentation
instance-segmentation
boundary-segmentation
confocal-microscopy
to-pro-3
nuclei
ovules
plant

description: Download RDF Package
This is a StarDist model (or a CSBDeep model) for segmenting plant nuclei in 3D images. Trained by Qin Yu from Kreshuk Lab at EMBL with training datasets from Schneitz Lab at TUM. A PlantSeg (or pytorch-3dunet) model is also available on Bioimage.IO at https://bioimage.io/#/?id=10.5281%2Fzenodo.8401064
description: This widely applicable model is trained for 3D nuclei instance segmentation and with 3D nuclei images of Arabidopsis ovules with TO-PRO-3 stain. TO-PRO-3 nuclei stain detects double-stranded nucleic acids and hence can be a useful tool for nuclear DNA quantification and 3D volumetric nuclei extraction. This model is trained with dataset 1136, 1137, 1139, 1170 and validated with 1135. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Neutrino flavor oscillations in a rotating spacetime
Creators: name: Swami, Himanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study neutrino oscillations in a rotating spacetime under the weak gravity limit for the trajectories of neutrinos which are constrained in the equatorial plane. Using the asymptotic form of the Kerr metric, we show that the rotation of the gravitational source non-trivially modifies the neutrino phase. We find that the oscillation probabilities deviate significantly from the corresponding results in the Schwarzschild spacetime when neutrinos are produced near the black hole (still in the weak-gravity limit) with non-zero angular momentum and detected on the same side, i.e., the non-lensed neutrino. Moreover, for a given gravitational body and geometric parameters, there exists a distance scale for every energy scale (and vice versa), after which the rotational contribution in the neutrino phase becomes significant. Using the sun-sized gravitational body in the numerical analysis of the one-sided neutrino propagation, we show that even a small rotation of the gravitational object can significantly change the survival or appearance events of a neutrino flavor registered by the detector, which is located on the earth. These effects are expected to be prominent for cosmological/astrophysical scenarios where neutrinos travel past by many (rotating) gravitational bodies and for large distances. Thus rotational effects of all such bodies must be incorporated in analyzing oscillations data.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, published version
title: „Der Weg des wahren Mannes“ und die Vergeschlechtlichung der Selbstoptimierung
title: Eine empirische Analyse der Community der Pickup Artists
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Streckenbach, Luisa
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Männlichkeit
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Vergeschlechtlichung
subject: Kunst
subject: 700 Künste, Bildende und angewandte Kunst
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Gruppendiskussion

description: Pickup Artists beschäftigen sich mit der ,Kunst der Verführung‘ und imitieren dabei die Strategien von sexuell erfolgreichen Männern. Mit dem Gruppendiskussionsverfahren wurde der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern die Community der Pickup Artists Männlichkeiten konstruiert. Es zeigt sich, dass Mann-Sein für die Pickup Artists nur in seltenen Fällen ,von Natur aus‘ vorhanden ist und in der Regel erworben und aktiv gesichert werden muss. Der Analyse zufolge besteht grundsätzlich die Gefahr, das Mann-Sein und die von den Pickup Artists als positiv bewerteten stereotyp-männlichen Merkmale zu verlieren. Es bedarf „harter Arbeit“ an sich selbst, um zu lernen sich zu „verhalten, wie ein Mann sich verhalten sollte“ – dieses Projekt der vergeschlechtlichten Selbstoptimierung wird als der „Weg des wahren Mannes“ bezeichnet. Es konnten drei Männlichkeitstypen, die ‚wahre‘, die ‚fehlende‘ und die ‚potentielle‘ Männlichkeit, rekonstruiert werden, welche für das Funktionieren der Community der Pickup Artists ausschlaggebend sind.
description: Pickup Artists devote themselves to the ‘art of seduction’ and they imitate the strategies of sexually successful men. To reach the goal of this research project – to answer the question how masculinities are constructed by the Pickup-Community – the group discussion method was applied. It turns out that being ‘a real man by nature’ does rarely exist for the Pickup Artists and that masculinity must be acquired, earned and actively secured. According to the analysis there’s a general risk of no longer being a ‘real man’ and of losing the male-stereotype features, which are positively rated by the Pickup Artists. It requires “hard work” to learn to “behave as a real man should behave” – this project of gendered self-optimization is called the “path of real man”. Three types of masculinity could be reconstructed, the ‘true’, the ‘missing’, and the ‘potential’ masculinity, which are crucial for the functioning of the Community of Pickup Artists.
StarDist Plant Nuclei 3D ResNet
Creators: name: Yu, Qin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
3d
resnet
stardist
tensorflow
segmentation
nucleus-segmentation
instance-segmentation
boundary-segmentation
confocal-microscopy
to-pro-3
nuclei
ovules
plant

description: Download RDF Package This is a StarDist model (or a CSBDeep model) for segmenting plant nuclei in 3D images. Trained by Qin Yu from Kreshuk Lab at EMBL with training datasets from Schneitz Lab at TUM. A PlantSeg (or pytorch-3dunet) model is also available on Bioimage.IO at https://bioimage.io/#/?id=10.5281%2Fzenodo.8401064
description: This widely applicable model is trained for 3D nuclei instance segmentation and with 3D nuclei images of Arabidopsis ovules with TO-PRO-3 stain. TO-PRO-3 nuclei stain detects double-stranded nucleic acids and hence can be a useful tool for nuclear DNA quantification and 3D volumetric nuclei extraction. This model is trained with dataset 1136, 1137, 1139, 1170 and validated with 1135. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Minimal model of drag in one-dimensional crystals
Creators: name: Mahalingam, Harshitra
name: Yap, Zhun Wai
name: Olsen, Ben A.
name: Rodin, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a non-perturbative classical approach, we study the dynamics of a mobile particle interacting with an infinite one-dimensional (1D) chain of harmonic oscillators. This minimal system is an effective model for many 1D transport phenomena, such as molecular motion in nanotubes and ionic conduction through solid-state materials. As expected, coupling between the mobile particle and the chain induces dissipation of the mobile particle's energy. However, both numerical and analytic results demonstrate an unconventional non-monotonic dependence of the drag on particle speed. In addition, when this system is subjected to a constant bias, it supports multiple steady-state drift velocities.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Ligand-induced dynamics of heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptor-like kinase complexes
Creators: name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Tunc-Ozdemir, Meral
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Arabidopsis, 7-transmembrane Regulator of G signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1) modulates canonical G protein signaling by promoting the inactive state of heterotrimeric G protein complex on the plasma membrane. It is known that plant leucine-rich repeat receptor–like kinases (LRR RLKs) phosphorylate AtRGS1 in vitro but little is known about the in vivo interaction, molecular dynamics, or the cellular consequences of this interaction.
Machine Learning based refinement strategies for polyhedral grids with applications to Virtual Element and polyhedral Discontinuous Galerkin methods
Creators: name: Antonietti, P. F.
name: Dassi, F.
name: Manuzzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose two new strategies based on Machine Learning techniques to handle polyhedral grid refinement, to be possibly employed within an adaptive framework. The first one employs the k-means clustering algorithm to partition the points of the polyhedron to be refined. This strategy is a variation of the well known Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation. The second one employs Convolutional Neural Networks to classify the "shape" of an element so that "ad-hoc" refinement criteria can be defined. This strategy can be used to enhance existing refinement strategies, including the k-means strategy, at a low online computational cost. We test the proposed algorithms considering two families of finite element methods that support arbitrarily shaped polyhedral elements, namely the Virtual Element Method (VEM) and the Polygonal Discontinuous Galerkin (PolyDG) method. We demonstrate that these strategies do preserve the structure and the quality of the underlaying grids, reducing the overall computational cost and mesh complexity.
description: Corrected typos
Magnetoelectric-field electrodynamics: Search for magnetoelectric point scatterers
Creators: name: Kamenetskii, E. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant scattering of electromagnetic (EM) waves by small particles is considered as one of the basic problem in metamaterial science. At present, special subwavelength resonators are considered as structural elements in chiral and bianisotropic metamaterials. There is a general consensus that these small scatterers behave like "artificial atoms", meta-atoms, with strong electrical and magnetic responses and an interconnection between these responses. However, the observed effect of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in these meta-atoms is not associated with the near-field manipulation properties caused by intrinsic magnetoelectricity. This arises the question whether ME point scatterers of EM radiation really exist. In this paper, we show that there are mesoscopic structures with electric and magnetic dipole-carrying excitations that behave like point scatterers with their inherent magnetoelectricity. In such subwavelength resonators, coherent oscillations of the electric polarization and magnetization can be considered as quasistatic oscillations described by electrostatic (ES) and magnetostatic (MS) scalar wave functions. The ME resonance effect arises from the coupling of two, ES and MS, oscillations. The near fields of these resonators, called the ME near fields, are characterized by simultaneous violation of time reversal and inversion symmetry. In study of ME fields and EM problems associated with these fields, we put forward the concept of ME-field electrodynamics. Like the axion-field electrodynamics and the axion-polariton problem, we are talking about modified Maxwell equations with a presudoscalar source terms and the quantum field theory for massive particles. While the axion fields are boson scalar fields, the ME fields are fermionic fields. These fields are characterized by energy eigenstates with rotational superflows and quantized vortices.
Validation of classical modeling of single-photon pulse propagation
Creators: name: Hawton, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "It is well-known to those who know it" that single-photon interference experiments can be modeled classically [S. Barnett, arXiv:2207.14632 (2022)]. When a single-photon light pulse was split by a biprism good agreement with a classical fit was obtained and the photon was counted only once, consistent with a probabilistic interpr.etation [V. Jacques et al, Eur. Phys. J. D 35, 561 (2002)]. A justification for this "well know result of Quantum Optics" is implicit in [M. Hawton, Phys. Rev A 104, 052211 (2021)] where a real covariant field describing a single photon is first quantized. Here the theoretical basis of this result is reviewed and the theory is extended to multiphoton states and QED Fock space. The crucial role of the CPT theorem in coupling to charged matter and resolution of the photon localization problem is discussed.
description: 5 pages no figures. updated for clarity
Circumstellar Dust Around AGB Stars and Implications for Infrared Emission from Galaxies
Creators: name: Villaume, Alexa
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Johnson, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar population synthesis (SPS) models are used to infer many galactic properties including star formation histories, metallicities, and stellar and dust masses. However, most SPS models neglect the effect of circumstellar dust shells around evolved stars and it is unclear to what extent they impact the analysis of SEDs. To overcome this shortcoming we have created a new set of circumstellar dust models, using the radiative transfer code DUSTY Ivezic et al. 1999, for asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and incorporated them into the Flexible Stellar Population Synthesis code. The circumstellar dust models provide a good fit to individual AGB stars as well as the IR color-magnitude diagrams of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. IR luminosity functions from the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are not well-fit by the 2008 Padova isochrones when coupled to our circumstellar dust models, and so we adjusted the lifetimes of AGB stars in the models to provide a match to the data. We show, in agreement with previous work, that circumstellar dust from AGB stars can make a significant contribution to the IR ($\gtrsim4μm$) emission from galaxies that contain relatively little diffuse dust, including low-metallicity and/or non-star forming galaxies. Our models provide a good fit to the mid-IR spectra of early-type galaxies. Circumstellar dust around AGB stars appears to have a small effect on the IR SEDs of metal-rich star-forming galaxies (i.e., when A$_{\rm V}$ $\gtrsim$~0.1). Stellar population models that include circumstellar dust will be needed to accurately interpret data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and other IR facilities.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures, accepted to ApJ
Validation of the IPSL Venus GCM Thermal Structure with Venus Express Data
Creators: name: Scarica, Pietro
name: Garate-Lopez, Itziar
name: Lebonnois, Sebastien
name: Piccioni, Giuseppe
name: Grassi, Davide
name: Migliorini, Alessandra
name: Tellmann, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General circulation models (GCMs) are valuable instruments to understand the most peculiar features in the atmospheres of planets and the mechanisms behind their dynamics. Venus makes no exception and it has been extensively studied thanks to GCMs. Here we validate the current version of the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL) Venus GCM, by means of a comparison between the modelled temperature field and that obtained from data by the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) and the Venus Express Radio Science Experiment (VeRa) onboard Venus Express. The modelled thermal structure displays an overall good agreement with data, and the cold collar is successfully reproduced at latitudes higher than +/-55°, with an extent and a behavior close to the observed ones. Thermal tides developing in the model appear to be consistent in phase and amplitude with data: diurnal tide dominates at altitudes above 10^2 Pa pressure level and at high-latitudes, while semidiurnal tide dominates between 10^2 and 10^4 Pa, from low to mid-latitudes. The main difference revealed by our analysis is located poleward of 50°, where the model is affected by a second temperature inversion arising at 10^3 Pa. This second inversion, possibly related to the adopted aerosols distribution, is not observed in data.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Detector entanglement: Quasidistributions for Bell-state measurements
Creators: name: Sperling, Jan
name: Gianani, Ilaria
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: Agudelo, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements in the quantum domain can exceed classical notions. This concerns fundamental questions about the nature of the measurement process itself, as well as applications, such as their function as building blocks of quantum information processing protocols. In this paper we explore the notion of entanglement for detection devices in theory and experiment. A method is devised that allows one to determine nonlocal quantum coherence of positive-operator-valued measures via negative contributions in a joint distribution that fully describes the measurement apparatus under study. This approach is then applied to experimental data for detectors that ideally project onto Bell states. In particular, we describe the reconstruction of the aforementioned entanglement quasidistributions from raw data and compare the resulting negativities with those expected from theory. Therefore, our method provides a versatile toolbox for analyzing measurements regarding their quantum-correlation features for quantum science and quantum technology.
description: version accepted for publication