Otoba glycycarpa Rodrigues & Jaramillo 2000
Creators: name: Jaramillo-Vivanco, Tatiana S.
name: Balslev, Henrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Myristicaceae
Otoba
Otoba glycycarpa

description: Otoba glycycarpa (Ducke) Rodrigues & Jaramillo (2000: 446). (Figs. 3,4)
Basionym: Virola glycycarpa Ducke (1945: 9).
Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Esperança, mouth of Rio Javary, “ad ostium fluminis Javary,” Apr 1944, Ducke 1508, fruits (holotype: US! 2 sheets; isotypes: A-photo, F-photo, NY!, RB-photo, 3 sheets).
Petiole 20–30 × 2 mm, obscurely winged; lamina 12–21 × 4–8 cm, papery to leathery, usually ferruginous and densely pubescent below; secondary veins 8–16 per side; intramarginal veins absent. Staminate inflorescence sessile; partial inflorescences 1–2, pubescent, ca. 100-flowered; umbelliform parts alternate, 4–10 flowered; bracteoles absent. Staminate flowers with pedicel 1.5–2.0(–5.5) mm long; perianth 2.0– 2.5 mm long, inner surface smooth, without a swollen ring at base; androecium 1–2 mm long; filament column often bottle-shaped, fused but sometimes somewhat divergent distally; anthers reniform, apex straight, basally attached to the filaments apex, 0.5–0.6 mm long. Pistillate inflorescence similar to the staminate one, but with partial inflorescence 40-flowered; umbelliform parts with 2– 4 flowers. Pistillate flowers similar to staminate ones, but with pedicel 2–4 mm long; perianth 1.5–5.0 mm long; gynoecium 0.8–1.8 mm long; ovary pubescent, bottle-shaped, ca. 1 × 1 mm; stigmatic lobes free or fused along one side. Infructescence with 1–2(–3) fruits. Fruit 3–4 cm diam, globose to subglobose, apex obtuse to acute; pericarp 5–8 mm thick; aril white; seed ca. 2 cm diam, without prickles.
Representative specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Amazonas: alrededores de la quebrada Agua Pudre, 1992, Rudas et al. 3738 (FMB nv). Caquetá: Carretera de Neiva a San Vicente, entre los sitios Sibaté y las Morras (km 110-116), Cordillera Oriental, 1990, Betancur 2221 (MO nv). Meta: Vda. Guaduas, 2004, Ramírez 8594 (COA nv). Putumayo: Vda. Libano, finca del Sr. Manuel Cuasialpud, 2013, Montoya 2300 (COA nv). Vaupés: Estación biológica Mosiro Itajura Caparú, 2004, González & Edgar Yukuna 39 (COL nv). ECUADOR. Morona-Santiago: Río Morona, Little et al. 511 (LOJA, QCNE, US). Napo: Jatun Sacha, 8 km E of Misahuallí, Neill 8704 (AAU, GB, K, MO, QCNE). Orellana: Yasuní National Park, Conoco-Amo 2 oil field, Neill et al. 8165 (AAU, MO, QCA, QCNE). Pastaza: 115 km S of Coca, near Río Tigüino, Hurtado et al. 1319 (AAU, GB, K, MO, NY, QCNE). Sucumbíos: Parroquia Pto. Libre (San Pedro de los Cofanes), Comunidad Cofán de Sinangüe, 1993, Cerón Martínez 21482 (MO nv). Zamora-Chinchipe: Río Nangaritza, Miazi, Gentry 80524 (MO, QCNE). PERU. Amazonas: Dist. Imaza, Kampaensa, 1995, Vásquez et al. 20405 (MO). Cajamarca: Distrito Huarango. Poblado Selva Andina, trocha comunal, 2007, Perea 3091 (MO nv). Cusco: Dist. Qosñipata, Pongo de Qoñec, 2003, Huamantupa Chuquimaco 2866 (MO nv). Huanuco: Distrito Pucayacu, sector Nueva Esperanza, Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul, 2017, Valenzuela Gamarra 32164 (MO nv). Junín: Distrito Huasahuasi, zona de amortiguamiento del Santuario Nacional Pampa Hermosa, camino a Ninabamba, 2016, Vásquez Martínez 40696 (MO nv). Loreto: Yanamono, Explorama Tourist Camp, Río Amazonas, halfway between Indiana and mouth of Río Napo, 1988, Gentry et al. 60930 (MO). Pasco: Distrito Palcazú, zona de amortiguamiento del bosque de protección de San Matías San Carlos, 2016, Vásquez Martínez 40476 (MO nv). Puno: Río Candamo, fila at mouth of Río Guacamayo, 1992, Gentry et al. 77269 (MO). San Martín: Puente Serranoyacu, S side of valley, 1983, Leo Luna 179 (MO). BRAZIL. Acre: Margem direita do rio Moa, Fazenda Arizona, 1984, Cid Ferreira 5303 (UPCB nv, K). BOLIVIA. La Paz: Alto Beni, ladera de la serrania Marimonos, 1992, Seidel 5850 (MO nv).
Distribution:— Common in the Amazon region (Fig. 5) from central and southeastern Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, Peru to northwestern Bolivia, 0–1800 m. Sympatric with O. parvifolia, which can be easily separated by the whitish and glabrescent hairs on their lower leaf surface in O. parvifolia vs. ferruginous and conspicuously pubescent in O. glycycarpa.
Conservation status:— LC, low concern (IUCN 2020).
Notes:— Fruits of this species are eaten by toucans (Ramphastos sp.) and parrots (i.e., Forpus sp. and Pionites sp.); mashed or boiled bark and latex are used by externally to treat skin diseases caused by fungi; the trunk is used for timber in Ecuador.
Vernacular names:— Ayepehue, bella María, egepehue, eyepehue, eyorehue, guequihua, meñihue, puca huapa, tsempu (Ecuador); aguanillo, cumala colorada (Peru).
description: Published as part of Jaramillo-Vivanco, Tatiana S. & Balslev, Henrik, 2020, Revision of Otoba (Myristicaceae), pp. 143-175 in Phytotaxa 441 (2) on pages 155-158, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13872038