cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetries of Discrete Dynamical Systems Involving Two Species
Creators: name: Gomez-Ullate, D.
name: Lafortune, S.
name: Winternitz, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lie point symmetries of a coupled system of two nonlinear differential-difference equations are investigated. It is shown that in special cases the symmetry group can be infinite dimensional, in other cases up to 10 dimensional. The equations can describe the interaction of two long molecular chains, each involving one type of atoms.
description: 40 pages, no figures, typed in AMS-LaTeX
3D Room Geometry Inference from Multichannel Room Impulse Response using Deep Neural Network
Creators: name: Yeon, Inmo
name: Choi, Jung-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Room geometry inference (RGI) aims at estimating room shapes from measured room impulse responses (RIRs) and has received lots of attention for its importance in environment-aware audio rendering and virtual acoustic representation of a real venue. A lot of estimation models utilizing time difference of arrival (TDoA) or time of arrival (ToA) information in RIRs have been proposed. However, an estimation model should be able to handle more general features and complex relations between reflections to cope with various room shapes and uncertainties such as the unknown number of walls. In this study, we propose a deep neural network that can estimate various room shapes without prior assumptions on the shape or number of walls. The proposed model consists of three sub-networks: a feature extractor, parameter estimation, and evaluation networks, which extract key features from RIRs, estimate parameters, and evaluate the confidence of estimated parameters, respectively. The network is trained by about 40,000 RIRs simulated in rooms of different shapes using a single source and spherical microphone array and tested for rooms of unseen shapes and dimensions. The proposed algorithm achieves almost perfect accuracy in finding the true number of walls and shows negligible errors in room shapes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 24th International Congress on Acoustics
The path leading to the abyss: Hebrew and Yiddish in Yaakov Steinberg
Creators: Elhanan, Elazar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Comparative literature
Middle Eastern literature
Jews

description: This dissertation explores the dynamics of identity construction and nation building in Hebrew and Yiddish literature in Russia and Poland in the decade following the 1905 revolution. It examines these dynamics through a study of the poetry of Yaakov Steinberg between the years 1903-1915. Steinberg, an important but little studied poet and writer, wrote extensively in both languages. He renounced Yiddish upon his immigration to Palestine.
       Through the comparison of Steinberg's Hebrew poems and the poems he wrote in Yiddish this dissertation exposes the intricate relations between the languages and the political ideologies of Yiddishism and Zionism that accompanied them, in Steinberg's work and in general. The dissertation shows how the constitution of a modern national subject became the prime concern for these literatures, both as a general ideological demand and as a personal, emotional question.
      By placing the conflict between the two language ideologies in the center of the debate, this dissertation seeks to point out to a serious methodological lacuna in the study of Hebrew literature and of Zionist history. By placing Yaakov Steinberg's poetry in a wide polyglot context and defining his bilingualism as a fundamental characteristic and a major theoretic concern, this work seeks to demonstrate the depth and span of the discourse on the future of the Jews, as individuals or as a nation, that took place in the revolutionary space of turn of the century Russia.
The peripheral nervous system: From molecular mechanisms to non-invasive therapeutics
Creators: Hoffman, Benjamin Uri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Nerves, Peripheral
subject: Molecular neurobiology
subject: Therapeutics

description: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of a diverse array of neurons that mediate sensation. This includes sensory circuits that encode external stimuli, as well as circuits that provide information flow from our internal organs. My PhD training has focused on addressing two questions: 1) what molecular mechanisms underlie this functional diversity, and 2) can we engineer non-invasive therapeutics to modulate PNS activity? To study the molecular mechanisms of sensory function, I employed the Merkel-cell neurite complex as a model system. Merkel cells are mechanosensory epidermal cells that have long been proposed to activate neuronal afferents through chemical synaptic transmission. RNA sequencing of adult mouse Merkel cells demonstrated that they express presynaptic molecules and biosynthetic machinery for adrenergic transmission. Moreover, live-cell imaging showed that Merkel cells mediate activity- and VMAT- dependent release of fluorescent catecholamine neurotransmitter analogues. Touch-evoked firing in Merkel-cell afferents was inhibited either by silencing of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion from Merkel cells or by neuronal deletion of b2-adrenergic receptors. Next, to develop non-invasive technologies for peripheral nerve modulation, I employed targeted focused ultrasound (FUS) stimulation and electrophysiology to record activity of individual mechanosensory neurons. Parameter space exploration showed that stimulating neuronal receptive fields with high-intensity, millisecond FUS sonication reliably and repeatedly evoked action potentials in peripheral neurons. FUS elicited action potentials with latencies comparable to electrical stimulation, demonstrating both speed and reliability of the technique. Lastly, I show that peripheral neurons can be both excited by FUS stimulation targeted to either skin receptive fields or peripheral nerve trunks, a key finding that increases the therapeutic range of FUS-based peripheral neuromodulation.
Doping Effects on the Performance of Paired Metal Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Creators: name: Hunter, Michelle A.
name: Fischer, Julia M. T. A.
name: Hankel, Marlies
name: Yuan, Qinghong
name: Searles, Debra J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal heteroatoms dispersed in nitrogen-doped graphene display promising catalytic activity for fuel cell reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here we explore the effects of dopant concentration on the synergistic catalytic behaviour of a paired metal atom active site comprised of Co and Pt atoms. The metals are coordinated to six atoms in a vacancy of N-doped graphene. We find that HER activity is enhanced with increasing N concentration, where the free energy of hydrogen atom adsorption ranges from 0.23 to -0.42 eV as the doping changes from a single N atom doped in the pore, to fully doped coordination sites. The results indicated that the effect of N is to make the Co atom more active towards H adsorption and presents a means through which transition metals can be modified to make more effective and sustainable fuel cell catalysts.
Evolution of the Sun's Polar-fields and the Poleward Transport of Remnant Magnetic Flux
Creators: name: Mordvinov, A. V.
name: Kitchatinov, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synoptic magnetograms and relevant proxy data were analyzed to study the evolution of the Sun's polar magnetic fields. Time-latitude analysis of large-scale magnetic fields demonstrates cyclic changes in their zonal structure and the polar-field buildup. The time-latitude distributions of the emergent and remnant magnetic flux enable us to examine individual features of recent cycles. The poleward transport of predominantly following polarities contributed much of the polar flux and led to polar-field reversals. Multiple reversals of dominant polarities at the Sun's poles were identified in Cycles 20 and 21. Three-fold reversals were caused by remnant flux surges of following and leading polarities. Time-latitude analysis of solar magnetic fields in Cycles 20--24 revealed zones which are characterized by a predominance of negative (non-Joy's) tilts and appearance of active regions which violate Hale's polarity law. The decay of non-Joy's and anti-Hale's active regions result in remnant flux surges which disturb the usual order in magnetic flux transport and sometimes lead to multiple reversals of polar fields. The analysis of local and large-scale magnetic fields in their causal relation improved our understanding of the Sun's polar field weakening.
description: Solar Physics, accepted
Electrochemical polymerization in chiral liquid crystal on diffraction grating producing electro-active polymer with diffraction function: A combination of top-down and bottom-up techniques
Creators: name: Kudo, Yuki
name: Eguchi, Naoto
name: Goto, Hiromasa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: We prepared polymer thin film on a diffraction grating by electrochemical polymerization in cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC). The polymer thin film synthesized in ChLC shows diffraction function due to periodic structure produced by imprinting of the matrix ChLC. Combination of diffractions from the substrate (prepared by top-down technique) and the polymer having fingerprint structure (prepared by bottom-up technique) provides double diffraction grating function.
A strongly inhomogeneous superfluid in an iron-based superconductor
Creators: name: Cho, D.
name: Bastiaans, K. M.
name: Chatzopoulos, D.
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Allan, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the mysteries surrounding unconventional, strongly correlated superconductors is the possibility of spatial variations in their superfluid density. We use atomic-resolution Josephson scanning tunneling microscopy to reveal a strongly inhomogeneous superfluid in the iron-based superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45. By simultaneously measuring the topographic and electronic properties, we find that this inhomogeneity in the superfluid density is not caused by structural disorder or strong inter-pocket scattering, and does not correlate with variations in Cooper pair-breaking gap. Instead, we see a clear spatial correlation between superfluid density and quasiparticle strength, putting the iron-based superconductors on equal footing with the cuprates and demonstrating that locally, the quasiparticles are sharpest when the superconductivity is strongest. When repeated at different temperatures, our technique could further help elucidate what local and global mechanisms limit the critical temperature in unconventional superconductors.
Transitions to Line-Defect Turbulence in Complex Oscillatory Media
Creators: name: Goryachev, Andrei
name: Chate', Hugues
name: Kapral, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition from complex-periodic to chaotic behavior is investigated in oscillatory media supporting spiral waves. We find turbulent regimes characterized by the spontaneous nucleation, proliferation and erratic motion of synchronization defect lines which separate domains of different oscillation phases. The line defect dynamics is controlled by the competition between diffusion, which reduces line length and curvature, and phase-gradient-induced growth. The onset of each type of defect-line turbulence is identified with a non-equilibrium phase transition characterized by non-trivial critical exponents.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Discrete anomalies and the null cone of SYM theories
Creators: name: Dotti, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stronger version of an anomaly matching theorem (AMT) is proven that allows to anticipate the matching of continuous as well as discrete global anomalies. The AMT shows a connection between anomaly matching and the geometry of the null cone of SYM theories. Discrete symmetries are shown to be broken at the origin of the moduli space in Seiberg-Witten theories.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, entirely re-written, one section removed
Black holes and radiometry
Creators: name: Rosu, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following Grischuk and Sidorov [Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 3413] in putting the Bogolubov-Hawking coefficient of Schwarzschild black-holes in the squeezing perspective, we provide a short discussion of Schwarzschild black holes as radiometric standards
description: 7pp
Trained model weights for "Automated volumetric assessment with artificial neural networks might enable a more accurate assessment of disease burden in patients with multiple sclerosis"
Creators: name: Vollmuth, Philipp
name: Brugnara, Gianluca
name: Isensee, Fabian
name: Wald, Tassilo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Trained model weights for "Automated volumetric assessment with artificial neural networks might enable a more accurate assessment of disease burden in patients with multiple sclerosis" (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00330-019-06593-y). Two sets of weights are provided: One for prediction with T1 and one for prediction without T1 modality.
description: {"references": ["Brugnara, Gianluca et al. (2020). Automated volumetric assessment with artificial neural networks might enable a more accurate assessment of disease burden in patients with multiple sclerosis"]}
Place-making at UBC : planning a heritage trail
Creators: name: Fronteddu, Rosaria
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Heritage trails serve to enhance the spirit of place by acknowledging the people, processes, and events that contribute to the uniqueness of a landscape. Such trails are walkways through the urban landscape that connect points of interest such as, buildings, viewscapes or natural features. One of the goals of the University of British Columbia, as outlined in the recent UBC Landscape Plan, is to build a network of interpretive trails on campus. In support of this initiative, this project recommends a UBC heritage trail. The background research supporting a trail recommendation consisted of two parts. First, a literature review provided the rationale for building a heritage trail. This trail will seek to capture the distinctiveness of place, promote ecological awareness, document social history and promote dialogue, learning and stewardship. Second, the empirical component of the project consisted of conducting in-depth interviews with stakeholders and key informants to learn more about their attachment to the UBC landscape, and to brainstorm sites, themes and associations, which could be included in a trail. Through the interviews, it became evident that there are numerous themes related to the landscape that are significant and worth sharing. The proposed UBC heritage trail includes ten sites that seek to highlight stories and themes particular to the UBC landscape. In addition, this project recognizes the possibility of building future trails on UBC campus addressing different topic areas, such as, student history and building history. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
The rights of people with intellectual disabilities in the post-conflict context: Constructing a framework for inclusion
Creators: Galbraith, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: People with mental disabilities--Social conditions
subject: Transitional justice
subject: Social integration
subject: Human rights
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social structure

description: This thesis considers the current inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities (PWIDs) in postconflict processes. The author uses a disability rights framework to demonstrate that transitional justice mechanisms do not go far enough in addressing the rights of PWIDs in post-conflict contexts. In order to uphold state obligations towards PWIDs, post-conflict states must use a wider transformative process and address the structural violence suffered by PWIDs and the violations of their economic, social and cultural rights. Only by incorporating a disability rights framework into post-conflict processes and mainstreaming disability issues nationally, can a state adequately redress the human rights violations suffered by PWIDs and give effective guarantees of nonrecurrence.
The relationship between proximity to homicide and birth outcomes
Creators: Hutto, Nathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Social sciences--Research

description: This study explores the effect of acute in utero exposure to homicides on a range of birth outcomes by testing theories of stress response and critical periods of fetal development. Specifically, this study examines the effect of in utero exposure to homicide on the birth outcomes of infants whose mothers were in close proximity to the homicide compared to infants whose mothers were unexposed to homicide during gestation. This study further investigates how the effect of exposure varies by gestational age at the time of exposure. The data utilized in this analysis are drawn from New Jersey birth records from 1998-2002 and homicide records used in a spatial and ethnographic investigation conducted by the New Jersey Star-Ledger newspaper. The overall analysis in the standard regression model showed that there are quite small, but highly significant positive effects on birth weights. Under a sibling fixed effects rubric these effects go away entirely, indicating that perhaps unobserved familial factors were driving results. Furthermore, the closer a woman and her fetus were to a homicide did not linearly affect the birth outcomes of the fetus. There was also little difference between birth outcomes of mothers residing in low crime and high crime areas. While, mothers in low-crime areas had slightly better birth outcomes, the different was marginal. Falsification tests disproved most significant findings. The questions under investigation would benefit from exploration in locales with greater variation in exposure levels.
Fidelity Susceptibility in One-dimensional Disordered Lattice Models
Creators: name: Wei, Bo-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum phase transitions in one-dimensional quantum disordered lattice models, the Anderson model and the Aubry-André model, from the fidelity susceptibility approach. First, we find that the fidelity susceptibility and the generalized adiabatic susceptibility are maximum at the quantum critical points of the disordered models, through which one can locate the quantum critical point in disordered lattice models. Second, finite-size scaling analysis of the fidelity susceptibility and of the generalized adiabatic susceptibility show that the correlation length critical exponent and the dynamical critical exponent at the quantum critical point of the one-dimensional Anderson model are respectively 2/3 and 2 and of the Aubry-André model are respectively 1 and 2.375. Thus the quantum phase transitions in the Anderson model and in the Aubry-André model are of different universality classes. Because the fidelity susceptibility and the generalized adiabatic susceptibility are directly connected to the dynamical structure factor which are experimentally accessible in the linear response regime, the fidelity susceptibility in quantum disordered systems may be observed experimentally in near future.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Generative Dense Retrieval: Memory Can Be a Burden
Creators: name: Yuan, Peiwen
name: Wang, Xinglin
name: Feng, Shaoxiong
name: Pan, Boyuan
name: Li, Yiwei
name: Wang, Heda
name: Miao, Xupeng
name: Li, Kan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative Retrieval (GR), autoregressively decoding relevant document identifiers given a query, has been shown to perform well under the setting of small-scale corpora. By memorizing the document corpus with model parameters, GR implicitly achieves deep interaction between query and document. However, such a memorizing mechanism faces three drawbacks: (1) Poor memory accuracy for fine-grained features of documents; (2) Memory confusion gets worse as the corpus size increases; (3) Huge memory update costs for new documents. To alleviate these problems, we propose the Generative Dense Retrieval (GDR) paradigm. Specifically, GDR first uses the limited memory volume to achieve inter-cluster matching from query to relevant document clusters. Memorizing-free matching mechanism from Dense Retrieval (DR) is then introduced to conduct fine-grained intra-cluster matching from clusters to relevant documents. The coarse-to-fine process maximizes the advantages of GR's deep interaction and DR's scalability. Besides, we design a cluster identifier constructing strategy to facilitate corpus memory and a cluster-adaptive negative sampling strategy to enhance the intra-cluster mapping ability. Empirical results show that GDR obtains an average of 3.0 R@100 improvement on NQ dataset under multiple settings and has better scalability.
description: EACL 2024 main
The primary cilium encourages osteogenic behavior in periosteal osteochondroprogenitors and osteocytes during juvenile skeletal development and adult bone adaptation
Creators: Moore, Emily
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Bones--Growth
Stem cells
Cell organelles
Skeleton--Growth

description: Primary cilia are sensory organelles that facilitate early skeletal development, as well as maintenance and adaptation of bone later in life. These solitary, immotile organelles are known to be involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and mechanotransduction, a process by which cells sense and covert external physical stimuli into intracellular biochemical signals. Bone is a metabolically active tissue that continuously recruits osteogenic precursors and relies on osteocytes, the sensory cells of bone, to coordinate skeletal maintenance. Overall bone quality is dependent on the integrity of the initial structure formed, as well as this organ’s ability to adapt to physical loads. Proper differentiation and controlled proliferation of osteogenic progenitors are critical to the initial formation of the skeleton, while osteocyte mechanotransduction is essential for adaptation of developed bone. These phenomena rely on primary cilia, but little is known about the origin of osteogenic precursors and the ciliary mechanisms that promote osteogenesis.
      In this thesis, we first characterize an osteochondroprogenitor (OCP) population that rapidly and extensively populates skeletal tissues during juvenile skeletal development (Chapter 2). We also demonstrate that the primary cilium is critical for these cells to differentiate and contribute to skeletogenesis. We then show this OCP population is required for adult bone adaptation and is mechanoresponsive (Chapter 3). Again, we demonstrate that primary cilia are necessary for these OCPs to sense physical stimuli and differentiate into active bone-forming cells. Finally, we identify a novel link between ciliary calcium and cAMP dynamics in the osteocyte primary cilium (Chapter 4). Specifically, we show that a calcium channel (TRPV4) and adenylyl cyclases, which produce cAMP, bind calcium to mediate calcium entry and cAMP production, respectively, and these phenomena are critical to fluid flow-induced osteogenesis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that an easily extracted progenitor population is pre-programmed towards an osteogenic fate and extensively contributes to bone generation through primary cilium-mediated mechanisms at multiple stages of life. Furthermore, we identified ciliary proteins that are potentially unique to the osteocyte and can be manipulated to encourage osteogenesis by tuning calcium/ cAMP dynamics. For these reasons, we propose that this OCP population and their primary cilia, as well as osteocyte ciliary proteins that coordinate calcium/ cAMP dynamics, are attractive therapeutic targets to encourage bone regeneration.
Sterile Neutrino. A short introduction
Creators: name: Naumov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a pedagogical introduction to the main concepts of the sterile neutrino - a hypothetical particle, coined to resolve some anomalies in neutrino data and retain consistency with observed widths of the $W$ and $Z$ bosons. We briefly review existing anomalies and the oscillation parameters that best describe these data. We discuss in more detail how sterile neutrino can be observed, as well as the consequences of its possible existence. In particular, we pay attention to a possible loss of coherence in a model of neutrino oscillations with sterile neutrinos, where this effect might be of a major importance with respect to the 3$ν$ model. The current status of searches for a sterile neutrino state is also briefly reviewed.
description: contribution to VLVnT2018 Conference
Modelling of the feed-to-fillet transfer of ethoxyquin and one of its main metabolites, ethoxyquin dimer, to the fillet of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar L.)
Creators: name: M.H.G. Berntssen
name: R. Hoogenveen
name: A. Bernhard
name: A.-K. Lundebye
name: R Ørnsrud
name: M.J. Zeilmaker
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Ethoxyquin (EQ) is an antioxidant supplemented to feed ingredients, mainly fish meal, which is currently under re-evaluation for use in the food production chain. EQ is partly metabolized into several metabolites of which the ethoxyquin dimer (EQDM) accumulates most in the farmed fish fillet. In this study, the feed-to-fillet transfer of dietary EQ and EQDM in Atlantic salmon fillet was investigated, and a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK-) two-compartmental model was developed, based on experimental determined EQ and EQDM uptake, metabolism, and elimination kinetics. The model was verified with an external data-set and used to simulate the long term (>1.5 years) EQ and EQDM feed-to fillet transfer in Atlantic salmon under realistic farming conditions such as the seasonal fluctuations in feed intake, growth, and fillet fat deposition. The model predictions showed that initial EQDM levels in juvenile fish are the driving factor in final levels found in food-producing animals, while for EQ the levels in feed, and seasonal variations were the driving factor for food EQ levels.
Random to chaotic temperature transition in low-field Fano-Feshbach resonances of cold thulium atoms
Creators: name: Khlebnikov, V. A.
name: Pershin, D. A.
name: Tsyganok, V. V.
name: Davletov, E. T.
name: Cojocaru, I. S.
name: Fedorova, E. S.
name: Buchachenko, A. A.
name: Akimov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we report on the observation of a random to chaotic temperature transition in the spacing of Fano-Feshbach resonances in the ultracold polarized gas of thulium atoms. This transition is due to the appearance of so-called d-resonances, which are not accessible at low temperatures, in the spectra at high temperatures, which drastically changes thulium's overall resonance statistic. In addition to this statistical change, it has been observed that s- and d-resonances experience quite different temperature shifts: s-resonances experience almost no shift with the temperature, while d-resonances experience an obvious positive shift. In addition, careful analysis of the broad Fano-Feshbach resonances enabled the determination of the sign of thulium's background scattering length. A rethermalization experiment made it possible to estimate a length value of a=144+-38a.u.. This proves that thulium atoms are suitable for achieving Bose-Einstein Condensation.
Functional representation of the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy. II
Creators: name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I continue studies of the functional representation of the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy (ALH). Using formal series solutions of the zero-curvature condition I rederive the functional equations for the tau-functions of the ALH and obtain some new equations which provide more straightforward description of the ALH and which were absent in the previous paper. These results are used to establish relations between the ALH and the discrete-time nonlinear Schrodinger equations, to deduce the superposition formulae (Fay's identities) for the tau-functions of the hierarchy and to obtain some new results related to the Lax representation of the ALH and its conservation laws. Using the previously found connections between the ALH and other integrable systems I derive functional equations which are equivalent to the AKNS, derivative nonlinear Schrodinger and Davey-Stewartson hierarchies.
description: arxiv version is already official
The relationship between intracellular forces and cellular stiffness investigated by atomic force microscopy
Creators: Mandriota, Nicola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cells--Mechanical properties
subject: Cells
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Biophysics

description: The characterization of the mechanical behavior of cells has always captured the interest of scientists and, in the last decades, has been facilitated by the development of techniques capable of measuring a cell’s deformability. However, if on one hand, cells are active, living materials that regulate their physiology by generating and transmitting forces throughout their volume, common mechanical characterizations of cells involve material science approaches, which mostly address them as inert materials. As a consequence, although mechanical characterizations of cells have so far provided a wealth of correlations between stiffness and physio-pathological states, they have rarely provided insights into biological function and regulation.
      In this thesis, a cell nanomechanical platform is presented, whose resolution allows the isolation of the mechanical contribution of load-bearing cellular components. We first demonstrated that tensional forces - rather than the passive viscoelastic properties of the cytoplasm - govern the stiffness of cells at the nanoscale. We then quantitatively characterized the relationship between intracellular forces and the µm-scale patterns of stiffness across the cell surface. This analysis allowed us to calculate multiple physiologically-relevant quantities, such as membrane tension, cortex tension, actin bundle tension, tension-free elastic modulus, and mechanical coupling distances, all from single high-resolution cell stiffness images, providing an unprecedented connection between distinct mechanobiology fields.
Homoclinic Bifurcations for the Henon Map
Creators: name: Sterling, D. G.
name: Dullin, H. R.
name: Meiss, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaotic dynamics can be effectively studied by continuation from an anti-integrable limit. We use this limit to assign global symbols to orbits and use continuation from the limit to study their bifurcations. We find a bound on the parameter range for which the Henon map exhibits a complete binary horseshoe as well as a subshift of finite type. We classify homoclinic bifurcations, and study those for the area preserving case in detail. Simple forcing relations between homoclinic orbits are established. We show that a symmetry of the map gives rise to constraints on certain sequences of homoclinic bifurcations. Our numerical studies also identify the bifurcations that bound intervals on which the topological entropy is apparently constant.
description: To appear in PhysicaD: 43 Pages, 14 figures
Boundary One-Point Functions, Scattering, and Background Vacuum Solutions in Toda Theories
Creators: name: Fateev, V. A.
name: Onofri, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parametric families of integrable boundary affine Toda theories are considered. We calculate boundary one-point functions and propose boundary S-matrices in these theories. We use boundary one-point functions and S-matrix amplitudes to derive boundary ground state energies and exact solutions describing classical vacuum configurations.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX
Towards the Limits of Existence of Nuclear Structure: Observation and First spectroscopy of the Isotope $^{31}$K by measuring its three-proton Decay
Creators: name: Kostyleva, D.
name: Mukha, I.
name: Acosta, L.
name: Casarejos, E.
name: Chudoba, V.
name: Ciemny, A. A.
name: Dominik, W.
name: Dueñas, J. A.
name: Dunin, V.
name: Espino, J. M.
name: Estradé, A.
name: Farinon, F.
name: Fomichev, A.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Gorshkov, A.
name: Grigorenko, L. V.
name: Janas, Z.
name: Kamiński, G.
name: Kiselev, O.
name: Knöbel, R.
name: Krupko, S.
name: Kuich, M.
name: Litvinov, Yu. A.
name: Marquinez-Durán, G.
name: Martel, I.
name: Mazzocchi, C.
name: Nociforo, C.
name: Ordúz, A. K.
name: Pfützner, M.
name: Pietri, S.
name: Pomorski, M.
name: Prochazka, A.
name: Rymzhanova, S.
name: Sánchez-Benítez, A. M.
name: Scheidenberger, C.
name: Simon, H.
name: Sitar, B.
name: Sitar, B.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Strmen, P.
name: Szarka, I.
name: Takechi, M.
name: Tanaka, Y. K.
name: Weick, H.
name: Winkler, M.
name: Winfield, J. S.
name: Xu, X.
name: Zhukov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most-remote from stability isotope $^{31}$K, which is located four atomic mass units beyond the proton drip line, has been observed. It is unbound in respect to three-proton (${3p}$) emission, and its decays have been detected in flight by measuring trajectories of all decay products using micro-strip detectors. The $3p$-emission processes have been studied by means of angular correlations $^{28}$S+3$p$ and the respective decay vertexes. The energies of the previously-unknown ground and excited states of $^{31}$K have been determined. This provides its $3p$ separation-energy value $S_{3p}$ of $-4.6(2)$ MeV. Upper half-life limits of 10 ps of the observed $^{31}$K states have been derived from distributions of the measured decay vertexes.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Detecting a stochastic background of gravitational radiation: Signal processing strategies and sensitivities
Creators: name: Allen, Bruce
name: Romano, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the signal processing required for the optimal detection of a stochastic background of gravitational radiation using laser interferometric detectors. Starting with basic assumptions about the statistical properties of a stochastic gravity-wave background, we derive expressions for the optimal filter function and signal-to-noise ratio for the cross-correlation of the outputs of two gravity-wave detectors. Sensitivity levels required for detection are then calculated. Issues related to: (i) calculating the signal-to-noise ratio for arbitrarily large stochastic backgrounds, (ii) performing the data analysis in the presence of nonstationary detector noise, (iii) combining data from multiple detector pairs to increase the sensitivity of a stochastic background search, (iv) correlating the outputs of 4 or more detectors, and (v) allowing for the possibility of correlated noise in the outputs of two detectors are discussed. We briefly describe a computer simulation which mimics the generation and detection of a simulated stochastic gravity-wave signal in the presence of simulated detector noise. Numerous graphs and tables of numerical data for the five major interferometers (LIGO-WA, LIGO-LA, VIRGO, GEO-600, and TAMA-300) are also given. The treatment given in this paper should be accessible to both theorists involved in data analysis and experimentalists involved in detector design and data acquisition.
description: 81 pages, 30 postscript figures, REVTEX
The role of neutral anions in ionic liquid as solvent media for the reactivity and stereoselectivity towards asymmetric Michael addition reaction of n-pentanal with β-nitrostyrene catalyzed by L-Proline
Creators: name: Omar, Emmy M.
name: Mohd Basyaruddin A. Rahman
name: Bukuo Ni
name: Headley, Allan D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Michael addition reactions of n-pentanal with ß-nitrostyrene in achiral and chiral ionic liquids catalyzed by l-proline were studied. Results indicate anion plays an important role as weak coordination properties in the reactivity and stereoselectivity towards Michael product. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bmim][NTf2]) ionic liquid was found to be the best solvent media with a high yield (up to 90%) and a high diastereomeric ratio (syn/anti: 91/9), with moderate enantioselectivity (38% ee) among ten ionic liquids tested. The ionic liquid has been reusable over five numbers of cycles.
Improved unhealthy lifestyle habits in patients with high cardiovascular risk: results from a structured lifestyle programme in primary care
Creators: name: Lönnberg, Lena
name: Ekblom-Bak, Elin
name: Damberg, Mattias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background. Physical activity, healthful dietary habits, and not smoking are associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have examined how counselling to improve poor lifestyle habits might be carried out in clinical practice. In Swedish primary care, structured lifestyle counselling is still not integrated into everyday clinical practice. The aim of the present study was two-fold: (1) to describe a novel lifestyle intervention programme in primary care; and (2) to evaluate change in unhealthy lifestyle habits over 1 year in men and women with high cardiovascular risk who participated in the lifestyle intervention programme. Method. A single-group study with a 1-year follow-up was carried out. A total of 417 people was enrolled, median age 62 years (54% women), with either hypertension (69%), type 2 diabetes mellitus, or impaired glucose tolerance. The 1-year intervention included five counselling sessions that focused on lifestyle habits, delivered by a district nurse with postgraduate credits in diabetes care and the metabolic syndrome. All patients were offered in-depth counselling for one or more lifestyle habits when needed. Lifestyle habits were assessed by a questionnaire at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Total change was assessed using a nine-factor unhealthy lifestyle habit index. Results. Favourable, significant changes were observed for physical activity, dietary habits, smoking, and stress over 1 year. Similar improvements were seen for both sexes and type of diagnosis. Conclusions. The results support the utility of a multifactorial, structured approach to change unhealthy lifestyle habits for cardiovascular risk prevention in a primary care setting.
Additional file 2 of Association between ICS use and risk of hyperglycemia in COPD patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Pu, Xiaofeng
name: Liu, Liang
name: Feng, Bimin
name: Zhang, Zhengji
name: Wang, Guojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The detailed search strategies for Pubmed and Embase.
Hexagonal MASnI$_3$ exhibiting strong absorption of ultraviolet photons
Creators: name: Li, Qiaoqiao
name: Wan, Wenhui
name: Ge, Yanfeng
name: Wang, Busheng
name: Li, Yingmei
name: Wang, Chuang
name: Zhao, Yong-Hong
name: Liu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MASnI$_3$, an organometallic halide, has great potential in the field of lead-free perovskite solar cells. Ultraviolet photons have been shown to generate deep trapping electronic defects in mesoporous TiO$_2$-based perovskite, affecting its performance and stability. In this study, the structure, electronic properties, and optical properties of the cubic, tetragonal, and hexagonal phases of MASnI$_3$ were studied using first-principles calculations. The results indicate that the hexagonal phase of MASnI$_3$ possesses a larger indirect band gap and larger carrier effective mass along the \emph{c}-axis compared with the cubic and tetragonal phases. These findings were attributed to the enhanced electronic coupling and localization in the hexagonal phase. Moreover, the hexagonal phase exhibited high absorption of ultraviolet photons and high transmission of visible photons, particularly along the \emph{c}-axis. These characteristics demonstrate the potential of hexagonal MASnI$_3$ for application in multijunction perovskite tandem solar cells or as coatings in mesoporous TiO$_2$-based perovskite solar cells to enhance ultraviolet stability and photon utilization.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Spontaneous magnetization of the XXZ Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain
Creators: name: Izergin, A. G.
name: Kitanine, N.
name: Maillet, J. M.
name: Terras, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determinant representations of form factors are used to represent the spontaneous magnetization of the Heisenberg XXZ chain (Delta >1) on the finite lattice as the ratio of two determinants. In the thermodynamic limit (the lattice of infinite length), the Baxter formula is reproduced in the framework of Algebraic Bethe Ansatz. It is shown that the finite size corrections to the Baxter formula are exponentially small.
description: 18 pages, Latex2e
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 22. Jahr 1766
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1766
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Braunschweigische Anzeigen
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 22. 1766
Intermittency exponents and energy spectrum of the Burgers and KPZ equations with correlated noise
Creators: name: Verma, Mahendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically calculate the energy spectrum, intermittency exponents, and probability density $P(u')$ of the one-dimensional Burgers and KPZ equations with correlated noise. We have used pseudo-spectral method for our analysis. When $σ$ of the noise variance of the Burgers equation (variance $\propto k^{-2 σ}$) exceeds 3/2, large shocks appear in the velocity profile leading to $ \propto k^{-2}$, and structure function $ \propto r$ suggesting that the Burgers equation is intermittent for this range of $σ$. For $-1 \le σ\le 0$, the profile is dominated by noise, and the spectrum $$ of the corresponding KPZ equation is in close agreement with Medina et al.'s renormalization group predictions. In the intermediate range $0 < σ<3/2$, both noise and well-developed shocks are seen, consequently the exponents slowly vary from RG regime to a shock-dominated regime. The probability density $P(h)$ and $P(u)$ are gaussian for all $σ$, while $P(u')$ is gaussian for $σ=-1$, but steadily becomes nongaussian for larger $σ$; for negative $u'$, $P(u') \propto \exp(-a x)$ for $σ=0$, and approximately $\propto u'^{-5/2}$ for $σ> 1/2$. We have also calculated the energy cascade rates for all $σ$ and found a constant flux for all $σ\ge 1/2$.
description: Revised version combining chao-dyn/9904020v1 & chao-dyn/9904021, To appear in Physica A
New Pathways in Coevolutionary Computation
Creators: name: Sipper, Moshe
name: Moore, Jason H.
name: Urbanowicz, Ryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The simultaneous evolution of two or more species with coupled fitness -- coevolution -- has been put to good use in the field of evolutionary computation. Herein, we present two new forms of coevolutionary algorithms, which we have recently designed and applied with success. OMNIREP is a cooperative coevolutionary algorithm that discovers both a representation and an encoding for solving a particular problem of interest. SAFE is a commensalistic coevolutionary algorithm that maintains two coevolving populations: a population of candidate solutions and a population of candidate objective functions needed to measure solution quality during evolution.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.13509, arXiv:2206.15409, arXiv:2206.12707