cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automation of the Calibration Process in the SunDog® STCU
Creators: name: Quemere, G.
name: Cervantes, R.
name: Moreno, J.
name: Luque-Heredia, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 887-889
description: open loop strategies base its calculation on two different parameters. Time and location of the equation are only needed to calculate and predict the Sun’s position. This method is accurate for just the location point we are calculating but start to fail when we move our reference point to the tracker references. Placing our coordinate system on the tracker imply that we have to know the perfect position of each axis, but this is very difficult to know in the real trackers and they could change between one and another. The calibration of the controller is need. The problem of the calibration is procedure can be long and not very inaccurate if it is done manually. The objective of the paper is to present why the automation of the calibration process is important and describe how it can be realized.
Mortality and socio-economic outcomes among patients hospitalized for stroke and diabetes in the US: a recent analysis from the National Inpatient Sample
Creators: name: Tabbalat, Aya
name: Dargham, Soha
name: Al Suwaidi, Jassim
name: Aboulsoud, Samar
name: Al Jerdi, Salman
name: Abi Khalil, Charbel
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Public health

description: The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing worldwide. We aim to assess mortality and socio-economic outcomes among patients hospitalized for stroke and diabetes in the US and evaluate their recent trends. We examined: in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LoS), and overall hospital charges in diabetic patients over 18 years old who were hospitalized with a stroke from 2005 to 2014, included in the National Inpatient Sample. In those patients, the mean (SD) age slightly decreased from 70 (13) years to 69 (13) years (p-trend < 0.001). Interestingly, although incident cases of stroke amongst DM patients increased from 17.4 to 20.0 /100,000 US adults (p-trend < 0.001), age-adjusted mortality for those with hemorrhagic strokes decreased from 24.3% to 19.6%, and also decreased from 3.23% to 2.48% for those with ischemic strokes (p-trend < 0.01 for both), but remained unchanged in TIAs patients. As expected, the average total charges per hospital stay almost doubled over the ten-year period, increasing from 15 970 to 31 018 USD/stay (adjusted for inflation). Nonetheless, median (IQR) LoS slightly decreased from 4 (2–6) to 3 (2–6) days (p-trend < 0.001). In total, our data show that, from 2005 to 2014, the incidence of stroke among the diabetes patient population are gradually increasing, in-hospital mortality is steadily decreasing, along with average LoS. Admission costs were up almost twofold during the same period.Other Information Published in: Scientific Reports
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87320-w
Comparison of Acidic and Alkaline Textured Multicrystalline Solar Cells in a Solar Panel Production
Creators: name: Geipel, T.
name: Pingel, S.
name: Dittrich, J.
name: Zemen, Y.
name: Kropke, G.
name: Wittner, M.
name: Berghold, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3248-3252
description: Most crystalline silicon solar modules manufactured today contain acidic textured multicrystalline solar
cells which usually have higher cell efficiencies when measured without encapsulation compared to alkaline textured
solar cells. However an optimization of the cell efficiency under STC does not necessarily result in efficiency
advantages when encapsulated in panels. The aim of this work is to compare the two texturisations with regard to the
final power output in the panel and in the field. Therefore, 30000 acidic and alkaline textured cells coming from the
same wafer batch and utilizing same production parameters are processed to solar panels. A small outdoor field is
equipped with both texturisations. The output STC-power is contrasted with the input STC-power. Moreover, energy
yield, reliability as well as breakage rates are compared.
Genetic polymorphisms associated with obesity in the Arab world: a systematic review
Creators: name: Younes, Salma
name: Ibrahim, Amal
name: Al-Jurf, Rana
name: Zayed, Hatem
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Nutrition and dietetics

description: Background Obesity, one of the most common chronic health conditions worldwide, is a multifactorial disease caused by complex genetic and environmental interactions. Several association studies have revealed a considerable number of candidate loci for obesity; however, the genotype–phenotype correlations remain unclear. To date, no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted to investigate the genetic risk factors for obesity among Arabs. Objectives This study aimed to systematically review the genetic polymorphisms that are significantly associated with obesity in Arabs. Methods We searched four literature databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar) from inception until May 2020 to obtain all reported genetic data related to obesity in Arab populations. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed individually by three investigators. Results In total, 59 studies comprising a total of 15,488 cases and 9,760 controls were included in the systematic review. A total of 76 variants located within or near 49 genes were reported to be significantly associated with obesity. Among the 76 variants, two were described as unique to Arabs, as they have not been previously reported in other populations, and 19 were reported to be distinctively associated with obesity in Arabs but not in non-Arab populations. Conclusions There appears to be a unique genetic and clinical susceptibility profile of obesity in Arab patients.Other Information Published in: International Journal of Obesity
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00867-6
Removal of copper ions from aqueous solution using NaOH-treated rice husk
Creators: name: Zafar, Shagufta
name: Khan, Muhammad Imran
name: Lashari, Mushtaq Hussain
name: Khraisheh, Majeda
name: Almomani, Fares
name: Mirza, Muhammad Latif
name: Khalid, Nasir
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The present study investigates the removal of copper ions (Cu (II)) from aqueous solution using chemically treated rice husk (TRH). The chemical treatment was carried out using NaOH solution and the effect of contact time (tc), adsorbent dosage (Dad), initial Cu (II) concentration ([Cu]i), and temperature (T) on the percentage removals of Cu (II) (%RCu) were investigated. Different analytical techniques (FTIR, SEM, and EDX) were used to confirm the adsorption (ads) of Cu (II) onto the TRH. The ads kinetics was tested against pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models as well as Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Treating RH with NaOH altered the surface and functional groups, and on the surface of RH, the ionic ligands with high electro-attraction to Cu increased and thus improved the removal efficiency. The %RCu decreased by increasing the [Cu]i and increased by increasing the ct, Dad, and T. Up to 97% Cu removal was achieved in ct of 30 min using Dad of 0.3 g [Cu]i of 25 mg L−1 and T = 280 K. The ads of Cu on TRH is endothermic, spontaneous, follows Langmuir isotherms, and exhibited a PSO kinetics. Moreover, the TRH was successfully regenerated and used for further adsorption cycles using 1 M HNO3.Other Information Published in: Emergent Materials
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42247-020-00126-w
Adsorption of 4-Nitrophenol onto Iron Oxide Bentonite Nanocomposite: Process Optimization, Kinetics, Isotherms and Mechanism
Creators: name: Ewis, Dina
name: Ba-Abbad, Muneer M.
name: Benamor, Abdelbaki
name: Mahmud, Nafis
name: Nasser, Mustafa
name: El-Naas, Muftah
name: Mohammad, Abdul Wahab
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pollution and contamination

description: Despite its importance in chemical industry, 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a persistent organic pollutant that has serious effects on the ecosystem. In the present study, Box–Behnken design in response surface methodology was used to optimize the adsorption process parameters for the maximum 4-NP removal at 30 ℃ using Fe3O4/Bt NC. The regression model results suggested that the optimum adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, pH and contact time were 0.3182 g, 85 mg/L, 11 and 137.2 min, respectively. The regression model showed an optimum removal of 100%, while 99.5% removal was obtained from batch experiments at the optimum conditions suggested by the regression model, which confirm the model validity. The adsorption data best fitted to Freundlich isotherm model and Pseudo second-order kinetic model suggesting the existence of physical and chemical interaction between the fabricated composite and 4-NP. FTIR analysis suggested that the adsorption mechanism included an electrostatic attraction and the formation of new chemical bonds. Obtained results suggest that Fe3O4/Bt NC can be an effective adsorbent for complete 4-NP removal at the indicated optimum conditions. Graphical AbstractOther Information Published in: International Journal of Environmental Research
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41742-022-00402-z
Norms supporting the Lebesgue differentiation theorem
Creators: name: Cavaliere, Paola
name: Cianchi, Andrea
name: Pick, Luboš
name: Slavíková, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 46E30

description: A version of the Lebesgue differentiation theorem is offered, where the $L^p$ norm is replaced with any rearrangement-invariant norm. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a norm of this kind to support the Lebesgue differentiation theorem are established. In particular, Lorentz, Orlicz and other customary norms for which Lebesgue's theorem holds are characterized.
Face-Based Attention Recognition Model for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Banire, Bilikis
name: Al Thani, Dena
name: Qaraqe, Marwa
name: Mansoor, Bilal
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Applied computing

description: Attention recognition plays a vital role in providing learning support for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The unobtrusiveness of face-tracking techniques makes it possible to build automatic systems to detect and classify attentional behaviors. However, constructing such systems is a challenging task due to the complexity of attentional behavior in ASD. This paper proposes a face-based attention recognition model using two methods. The first is based on geometric feature transformation using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, and the second is based on the transformation of time-domain spatial features to 2D spatial images using a convolutional neural network (CNN) approach. We conducted an experimental study on different attentional tasks for 46 children (ASD n=20, typically developing children n=26) and explored the limits of the face-based attention recognition model for participant and task differences. Our results show that the geometric feature transformation using an SVM classifier outperforms the CNN approach. Also, attention detection is more generalizable within typically developing children than within ASD groups and within low-attention tasks than within high-attention tasks. This paper highlights the basis for future face-based attentional recognition for real-time learning and clinical attention interventions.Other Information Published in: Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41666-021-00101-y
Height growth of solutions and a discrete Painlevé equation
Creators: name: Al-Ghassani, A
name: Halburd, R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the discrete equation $$ y_{n+1}+y_{n-1}=\frac{a_n+b_ny_n+c_ny_n^2}{1-y_n^2}, $$ where the right side is of degree two in $y_n$ and where the coefficients $a_n$, $b_n$ and $c_n$ are rational functions of $n$ with rational coefficients. Suppose that there is a solution such that for all sufficiently large $n$, $y_n\in\mathbb{Q}$ and the height of $y_n$ dominates the height of the coefficient functions $a_n$, $b_n$ and $c_n$. We show that if the logarithmic height of $y_n$ grows no faster than a power of $n$ then either the equation is a well known discrete Painlevé equation ${\rm dP}_{\!\rm II}$ or its autonomous version or $y_n$ is also an admissible solution of a discrete Riccati equation. This provides further evidence that slow height growth is a good detector of integrability.
description: 26 pages
Development of 'Rondine' Concentrating PV Module - Field Results and Progresses
Creators: name: Antonini, A.
name: Butturi, M.A.
name: Di Benedetto, P.
name: Uderzo, D.
name: Zurru, P.
name: Milan, E.
name: Stefancich, M.
name: Armani, M.
name: Parretta, A.
name: Baggio, N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 898-902
description: In this work the experimental results of a new concentrator PV module (named Rondine) developed by CPower s.r.l. are presented. This concentrating module has a medium concentration level (~25x) and employs silicon solar cells. The tests have been carried out in Italy and the energy production of a prototypal Rondine module is compared with that produced by a tracking flat plate crystalline PV panel. The non-imaging optic of the concentrator allows for larger angular acceptance respect to many solar concentrators, giving the possibility to employ trackers for standard PV modules. The first results of a complete system of 4 kW of peak power installed in July 2008 are here presented.
Life Cycle Analysis of Two New Concentrator PV Systems
Creators: name: Kim, H.C.
name: Knight, K.G.
name: Krishnan, R.
name: Fthenakis, V.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 909-913
description: A number of new technologies are being developed to concentrate and project sunlight onto a small area of solar cells using optics to save expensive photovoltaic (PV) materials. In the current study we examined the energy payback times (EPBT) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of two concentrator PV systems, the Amonix 250:1 concentrator with III-V solar cells, and the Solaria 2:1 concentrator with multi-Si cells. Preliminary results based on the currently available data and projected efficiencies show that the Amonix system with III-V cells can potentially reduce by 30% the EPBT and GHG emissions from the same system with mono-crystalline Si cells. In addition, we show that the Solaria’s low concentration design can reduce the EPBT and GHG emissions of comparable flat panels by 16% and 7% respectively.
A Dark Sector for $g_μ-2$, $R_K$ and a Diphoton Resonance
Creators: name: Bélanger, Geneviève
name: Delaunay, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit a set of dark sector models, motivated by anomalies observed in $B$ decays and the muon anomalous magnetic moment, in the light of a recently reported diphoton excess around 750$\,$GeV. Interpreting the excess as a scalar resonance associated with the symmetry breaking sector of a dark gauge group, we show that a diphoton cross section of few fb can be accomodated, together with anomalies in $R_K$ and $g_μ-2$ within a minimal dark sector model. The resulting prominent collider signatures are in the form of wide resonant signals into top and muon pair final states below $\sim1\,$TeV. The model further predicts a dark matter candidate, yet with a significantly underabundant relic density, unless produced by an appropriate non-thermal mechanism.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Novel Cross-Slip Mechanism of Pyramidal Screw Dislocations in Magnesium
Creators: name: Itakura, Mitsuhiro
name: Kaburaki, Hideo
name: Yamaguchi, Masatake
name: Tsuru, Tomohito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compared to cubic metals, whose primary slip mode includes twelve equivalent systems, the lower crystalline symmetry of hexagonal close-packed metals results in a reduced number of equivalent primary slips and anisotropy in plasticity, leading to brittleness at the ambient temperature. At higher temperatures, the ductility of hexagonal close-packed metals improves owing to the activation of secondary c+a pyramidal slip systems. Thus understanding the fundamental properties of corresponding dislocations is essential for the improvement of ductility at the ambient temperature. Here, we present the results of large-scale ab-initio calculations for c+a pyramidal screw dislocations in Mg and show that their slip behavior is a stark counterexample to the conventional wisdom that a slip plane is determined by the stacking fault plane of dislocations. A stacking fault between dissociated partial dislocations can assume a non-planar shape with a negligible energy cost and can migrate normal to its plane by a local shuffling of atoms. Partial dislocations dissociated on a {2-1-12} plane "slither" in the {01-11} plane, dragging the stacking fault with them in response to an applied shear stress. This finding resolves the apparent discrepancy that both {2-1-12} and {01-11} slip traces are observed in experiments while ab-initio calculations indicate that dislocations preferably dissociate in the {01-11} planes.
description: RevTex, 12 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.Lett. (v2: figure resolution improved)
Influence of an Electric Field on the Propagation of a Photon in a Magnetic field
Creators: name: Katkov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a constant and uniform magnetic field is less than the Schwinger critical value. In turn, an additional constant and uniform electric field is taken much smaller than the magnetic field value. The propagation of a photon in this electromagnetic field is investigating. In particular, in the presence of a weak electric field, the root divergence is absent in the photon effective mass near the thresholds of pair creation. The effective mass of a real photon with a preset polarization is considered in the quantum energy region as well as in the quasiclassical one.
description: 9 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1102.3510
Covalent and Non-covalent Functionalized Nanomaterials for Environmental Restoration
Creators: name: Zhang, Shizhong
name: Malik, Sumeet
name: Ali, Nisar
name: Khan, Adnan
name: Bilal, Muhammad
name: Rasool, Kashif
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Macromolecular and materials chemistry

description: Nanotechnology has emerged as an extraordinary and rapidly developing discipline of science. It has remolded the fate of the whole world by providing diverse horizons in different fields. Nanomaterials are appealing because of their incredibly small size and large surface area. Apart from the naturally occurring nanomaterials, synthetic nanomaterials are being prepared on large scales with different sizes and properties. Such nanomaterials are being utilized as an innovative and green approach in multiple fields. To expand the applications and enhance the properties of the nanomaterials, their functionalization and engineering are being performed on a massive scale. The functionalization helps to add to the existing useful properties of the nanomaterials, hence broadening the scope of their utilization. A large class of covalent and non-covalent functionalized nanomaterials (FNMs) including carbons, metal oxides, quantum dots, and composites of these materials with other organic or inorganic materials are being synthesized and used for environmental remediation applications including wastewater treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, reporting techniques, and applications of FNMs in adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of pollutants from wastewater. Future prospects are also examined, along with suggestions for attaining massive benefits in the areas of FNMs.Other Information Published in: Topics in Current Chemistry
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41061-022-00397-3
A highly sensitive wearable pressure sensor capsule based on PVA/Mxene composite gel
Creators: name: Kallingal, Nithusha
name: Maurya, Muni Raj
name: Sajna, M. S.
name: Yalcin, Huseyin Cagatay
name: Ouakad, Hassen M.
name: Bahadur, Issam
name: Al-Maadeed, Somaya
name: Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental biotechnology
subject: FOS: Environmental biotechnology

description: Wearable sensors have drawn considerable interest in the recent research world. However, simultaneously realizing high sensitivity and wide detection limits under changing surrounding environment conditions remains challenging. In the present study, we report a wearable piezoresistive pressure sensor capsule that can detect pulse rate and human motion. The capsule includes a flexible silicon cover and is filled with different PVA/MXene (PVA-Mx) composites by varying the weight percentage of MXene in the polymer matrix. Different characterizations such as XRD, FTIR and TEM results confirm that the PVA-Mx silicon capsule was successfully fabricated. The PVA-Mx gel-based sensor capsule remarkably endows a low detection limit of 2 kPa, exhibited high sensitivity of 0.45 kPa−1 in the ranges of 2–10 kPa, and displayed a response time of ~ 500 ms, as well as good mechanical stability and non-attenuating durability over 500 cycles. The piezoresistive sensor capsule sensor apprehended great stability towards changes in humidity and temperature. These findings substantiate that the PVA/MXene sensor capsule is potentially suitable for wearable electronics and smart clothing.Other Information Published in: 3 Biotech
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03221-3
Moderate Temperature Treatment of Gas-Phase Volatile Organic Toluene Using NiO and NiO–TiO2 Nano-catalysts: Characterization and Kinetic Behaviors
Creators: name: Almomani, Fares
name: Bhosale, Rahul R.
name: Khraisheh, Majeda
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Abstract For the first time, the potential of Ni/NiO and NiO–TiO2 nano-catalysts for the oxidation of toluene under moderate temperatures was investigated. The nano-catalysts were prepared using the solution combustion synthesis method (SCSM) and the effect of the composition of nano-catalysts, the inlet toluene concentration $$([\text{C}_{7} {\text{H}}_{8}]_{in})$$ ( [ C 7 H 8 ] in ) , the relative humidity (RH), and the temperature on the percentage of toluene conversion ($$\% {\text{TN}}_{Conv.} )$$ % TN C o n v . ) were subsequently examined. Results revealed that the nano-catalysts synthesized with a low fuel-to-metal ratio produced pure NiO, which has significant catalytic activity toward the conversion of toluene. Conversely, the high fuel-to-metal ratio generated a nano-catalysts that contains a mixture of Ni/NiO or pure Ni with low activity toward the conversion of toluene. Adding NiO to TiO2 increased the surface area of the catalyst, augmented the catalyst active sites, enhanced the oxidation of toluene, and increased CO2 selectivity ($${\text{S}}_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }}$$ S CO 2 ). NiO and NiO–TiO2 nano-catalysts exhibited higher reaction rates, significant catalyst turnover frequency, and low activation energy. The obtained results revealed that the SCSM is a promising synthesis method for producing NiO or NiO–TiO2 nano-catalysts, which can be employed successfully for the removal of toluene from gas streams.Other Information Published in: Waste and Biomass Valorization
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01270-4
Technical Constraints and Yield Analysis of CPV Power Plant Systems
Creators: name: Hakenjos, A.
name: Gerstmaier, T.
name: Lerchenmüller, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 894-897
description: Concentrix manufactures and installs FLATCON® concentrating photovoltaic CPV systems. The Concentrix FLATCON® technology is based on high efficient III-V multi junction solar cells. This paper addresses different aspects of system performance. High concentrating CPV systems allow only for converting the
direct normal irradiance. In contrast to ordinary solar cells, multi junction cells are more sensitive to changes in the solar spectrum. Furthermore the amount of circumsolar radiation influences the output of CPV systems, depending on the system’s acceptance angle. Therefore the DNI measured with a conventional DNI sensor does not fully represent the solar resource that can be converted by a concentrator system based on multi junction cells. In this work the impact of this to the performance of CPV systems is studied.
Microbial Dysbiosis Tunes the Immune Response Towards Allergic Disease Outcomes
Creators: name: Augustine, Tracy
name: Kumar, Manoj
name: Al Khodor, Souhaila
name: van Panhuys, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The hygiene hypothesis has been popularized as an explanation for the rapid increase in allergic disease observed over the past 50 years. Subsequent epidemiological studies have described the protective effects that in utero and early life exposures to an environment high in microbial diversity have in conferring protective benefits against the development of allergic diseases. The rapid advancement in next generation sequencing technology has allowed for analysis of the diverse nature of microbial communities present in the barrier organs and a determination of their role in the induction of allergic disease. Here, we discuss the recent literature describing how colonization of barrier organs during early life by the microbiota influences the development of the adaptive immune system. In parallel, mechanistic studies have delivered insight into the pathogenesis of disease, by demonstrating the comparative effects of protective T regulatory (Treg) cells, with inflammatory T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the development of immune tolerance or induction of an allergic response. More recently, a significant advancement in our understanding into how interactions between the adaptive immune system and microbially derived factors play a central role in the development of allergic disease has emerged. Providing a deeper understanding of the symbiotic relationship between our microbiome and immune system, which explains key observations made by the hygiene hypothesis. By studying how perturbations that drive dysbiosis of the microbiome can cause allergic disease, we stand to benefit by delineating the protective versus pathogenic aspects of human interactions with our microbial companions, allowing us to better harness the use of microbial agents in the design of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.Other Information Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12016-022-08939-9
Evaluation of Solar Resource, Energy Collected by CPV Systems and Energy Production Prediction Models - ISFOC Experiences
Creators: name: Coronado, R.
name: Rubio Berenguel, F.
name: Martínez, M.
name: García, M.L.
name: Banda Rueda, P.
name: Pachón, J.L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 903-908
description: The Institute for Concentration Photovoltaic Systems (ISFOC) has been established in Castilla La Mancha – central Spain – in order to promote the industrialisation of Concentration Photovoltaic (CPV) technology. With this aim, ISFOC is financing the installation of a number of CPV power plants totalling 3MW and its research lines are being implemented and identified with the purpose of accomplishing our goals and assisting the CPV industrial communities.
Band-Gap-Engineered Architectures for High-Efficiency Multijunction Concentrator Solar Cells
Creators: name: King, R.R.
name: Boca, A.
name: Hong, W.
name: Liu, X.-Q.
name: Bhusari, D.
name: Larrabee, D.
name: Edmondson, K.M.
name: Law, D.C.
name: Fetzer, C.M.
name: Mesropian, S.
name: Karam, N.H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 55-61
description: Beginning with maximum theoretical efficiencies from detailed balance calculations, we evaluate the
real-world energy loss mechanisms in a variety of high-efficiency multijunction cell architectures such as inverted
metamorphic 3- and 4-junction cells, as a step toward closing the gap between theory and experiment. Experimental
results are given on band-gap-engineered lattice-matched and metamorphic 3-junction cells, and on 4-junction
terrestrial concentrator cells. A new world record 41.6%-efficient solar cell is presented, the highest efficiency yet
demonstrated for any type of solar cell.
New Insight into the Hydrogen Surface Passivation Mechanism at Low Temperatures
Creators: name: Mitchell, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 62-67
description: Excellent surface passivation of crystalline silicon wafers is known to occur following post-deposition
thermal annealing of intrinsic a-Si:H thin-film layers deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition.
However, the hydrogen responsible for passivating dangling bonds has often been linked to a bulk diffusion
mechansim. In this work, the origins and mechanisms of hydrogen passivation are identified and a new surfacediffusion
model independent of the bulk is proposed using a Langmuir isotherm. Excellent qualitative agreement
between this model and experimental results for from post-deposition annealing. A linear relationship between the
average diffusion length and anneal temperature is reported and a corresponding time between traps is shown to
decrease rapidly. The surface reconfiguration model proposed in this work demonstrates the importance of interface
states and identifies the misconception surrounding hydrogen passivation of the c-Si surface.
Low Si Surface Recombination through Negatively Charged Si3N4 Films
Creators: name: Jin, H.
name: Weber, K.J.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Ren, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 72-76
description: In this paper, the application of a bias voltage and a corona discharge system are used to create and
store negative charge in silicon nitride films of silicon dioxide/silicon nitride stacks. The silicon nitride films are
deposited by low pressure chemical vapor deposition, while the silicon dioxide films are thermally grown. The charge
injection mechanism is investigated. Effective lifetime measurements on both textured and planar, as well as both
boron diffused and undiffused silicon samples passivated with silicon oxide / silicon nitride stacks show that the
creation of negative charge in the nitride layer results in an improvement in the surface passivation for all samples,
with very low (<2cm/s) surface recombination velocities demonstrated for planar, undiffused samples. The
manipulation of charge can therefore be exploited to improve the conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells.
Protoplanetary disk shadowing by gas infalling onto the young star AK Sco
Creators: name: de Castro, Ana I. Gomez
name: Loyd, Robert O. P.
name: France, Kevin
name: Sytov, Alexey
name: Bisikalo, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young solar-type stars grow through the accretion of material from the circumstellar disk during pre-main sequence (PMS) evolution. The ultraviolet radiation generated in this process plays a key role in the chemistry and evolution of young planetary disks. In particular, the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (Lya) etches the disk surface by driving photoevaporative flows that control disk evolution. Using the Hubble Space Telescope, we have monitored the PMS binary star AK Sco during the periastron passage and have detected a drop of the H2 flux by up to 10% lasting 5.9 hours. We show that the decrease of the H2 flux can be produced by the occultation of the stellar Lya photons by a gas stream in free fall from 3 R*. Given the high optical depth of the Lya line, a very low gas column of NH > 5e17 cm-2 suffices to block the Lya radiation without producing noticeable effects in the rest of the stellar spectral tracers.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted. January 25th, 2016
How Angular Confinement Increases the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Peters, M.
name: Goldschmidt, J.C.
name: Bläsi, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 77-80
description: Angular confinement is the process of restricting the angular range in which a solar cell emits radiation. To
this process several effects are connected of which two shall be discussed here. The first is a light trapping effect; the
effective path length of light inside a solar cell is increased. This effect results in an increased absorption and, consequently,
an increased quantum efficiency. The second effect concerns the suppression of losses due to radiative recombination. This
effect results in an increased efficiency limit which is equal to the Shockley Queisser limit for maximum concentration. Both
effects always occur but are differently important for different solar cell systems. In this paper we discuss how angular
selectivity can be achieved with photonic filters. We show how angularly selective filters can be used to increase the
quantum efficiency of a solar cell and we discuss how the Shockley Queisser limit is influenced by angular confinement.
Charge-Transfer Matrix Elements by FMO-LCMO Approach: Hole Transfer in DNA with Parameter Tuned Range-Separated DFT
Creators: name: Kitoh-Nishioka, Hirotaka
name: Ando, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme for computing charge-transfer matrix elements with the linear combination of fragment molecular orbitals and the 'nonempirically tuned range-separated' density functional is presented. It takes account of the self-consistent orbital relaxation induced by environmental Coulomb field and the exchange interaction in fragment pairs at low computational scaling along the system size. The accuracy was confirmed numerically on benchmark systems of imidazole and furane homo-dimer cations. Applications to hole transfers in DNA nucleobase pairs and in a $π$-stack adenine octomer highlight the effects of orbital relaxation.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Sunspear Calibration Against Array Power Output for Tracking Accuracy Monitoring in Solar Concentrators
Creators: name: Cervantes, R.
name: Quemere, G.
name: Luque-Heredia, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 890-893
description: Current sun trackers for concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) modules rely on two general kinds of tracking strategies. Some make use of the computational ephemerides to predict the solar vector at any time. In others, a closed loop feedback strategy, based on a sun sensor, is used. Independently from the technology used, once the tracker is calibrated,
control systems stop checking the array power output and focus on either a sun sensor or calculated parameters to track the sun. There is no way to know if the tracker is correctly maintained at its maximum power orientation while tracking instantaneously and without disconnecting the production from the grid. Inspira has developed a sensor and related instrumentation systems to measure the pointing angle error called SunSpear® [2] based on a solid state image sensor housed in a collimating tube. Consequently, a method is described to calibrate this device against the real DC array power output in
which we can also reflect structure deformations. Once this instrument is calibrated we can achieve a highly precise measurement of the off tracking angle related with the maximum power orientation in real time, without disconnecting the array from the inverter. This procedure enables a more accurate tracking measurements and monitoring for CPV systems, because it is related to the tracker’s departure from the maximum power output orientation.
A High Capture Cross Section’s Recombination Center in p-Type GaAsN Grown by Chemical Beam Epitaxy
Creators: name: Bouzaz, B.
name: Suzuki, H.
name: Kojima, N.
name: Ohshita, Y.
name: Yamaguchi, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 68-71
description: Minority carrier traps in p-type GaAsN grown by Chemical Beam Epitaxy (CBE) are investigated
using Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS) technique. Six electrons traps E1 to E6 are observed at 0.228,
0.266, 0.292, 0.303, 0.349, and 0.660 eV form the conduction band minimum (EC), respectively. Using double
carrier pulse DLTS method, a decrease in E1 peak height is observed with the injection of majority carrier, which
confirmed that the electron trap E1 is a recombination center. The capture cross section of E1 is estimated from
Arrhenius plot of the DLTS spectrum to 2.9 x 10-10 cm2. Its density is evaluated without adjustment to 5.5 x 1014 cm-
3. Using the Shockley-Read-Hall model for generation-recombination of electron-hole pairs, the lifetime of electrons
from EC to E1 is estimated to less than to ~0.3 ps.
Challenges in the Diagnosis of Leak After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Clinical Presentation, Laboratory, and Radiological Findings
Creators: name: Al Zoubi, Mohammad
name: Khidir, Nesreen
name: Bashah, Moataz
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Nutrition and dietetics

description: Background The presentation of leak after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is variable. A missed or delayed diagnosis can lead to severe consequences. This study presents our experience: the clinical presentations, laboratory, and radiological findings in patients with leak after LSG. Methods A retrospective review of patients who were diagnosed and treated as leak after LSG at our center (January 2012–November 2019). Results Eighty patients developed leak: 68 (85%) after primary LSG, 6 (7.5%) after Re-LSG and 6 (7.5%) after band removal to revisional LSG. Mean age 35.9 ± 10 years. The diagnosis was within 18 ± 14 days after surgery. Five (6.3%) patients were diagnosed during the same admission. Only 29.3% of patients were diagnosed correctly from the first visit to the ER. Most were misdiagnosed as gastritis (49%) and pneumonia (22.6%). Thirty-four patients (45.3%) were diagnosed correctly at the third visit. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (90%), tachycardia (71.3%), and fever (61.3%). The mean white blood cells (WBCs) count was 14700 ± 5900 (cells/mm3), c-reactive protein (CRP) 270 ± 133 mg/L, lactic acid 1.6 ± 0.85 mmol/L, and albumin 30.3 ± 6.6 g/L. The abdominal CT scans revealed intraabdominal collection in 93.7% of patients, extravasation of contrast in 75%, and pleural effusion in 52.5%. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study (UGIC) showed extravasation of contrast in 77.5% of patients. Conclusion Abdominal pain, tachycardia, or fever after LSG should raise the suspicion of a leak. CT scan of the abdomen and UGIC study detected leaks in 75% and 77.5% consecutively. Only 29.3% of patients were diagnosed correctly as a leak from the first visit to the ER.Other Information Published in: Obesity Surgery
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05008-y
The Elliott-Yafet theory of spin relaxation generalized for large spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Kiss, Annamária
name: Szolnoki, Lénárd
name: Simon, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Elliott-Yafet (EY) theory of spin relaxation in metals with inversion symmetry for the case of large spin-orbit coupling (SOC). The EY theory treats the SOC to the lowest order but this approach breaks down for metals of heavy elements (such as e.g. caesium or gold), where the SOC energy is comparable to the relevant band-band separation energies. The generalized theory is presented for a four-band model system without band dispersion, where analytic formulae are attainable for arbitrary SOC for the relation between the momentum- and spin-relaxation rates. As an extended description, we also consider an empirical pseudopotential approximation where SOC is deduced from the band potential (apart from an empirical scaling constant) and the spin-relaxation rate can be obtained numerically. Both approaches recover the usual EY theory for weak SOC and give that the spin-relaxation rate approaches the momentum-relaxation rate in the limit of strong SOC. We argue that this limit is realized in gold by analyzing spin relaxation data. A calculation of the $g$-factor shows that the empirical Elliott-relation, which links the $g$-factor and spin-relaxation rate, is retained even for strong SOC.
Decreased Analgesic Requirements in Super Morbidly Versus Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Creators: name: Elgendy, Hamed
name: Youssef, Talha
name: Banjar, Ahmad
name: Elmorsy, Soha
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Nutrition and dietetics

description: Background Scarce data exists about analgesic requirements in super morbidly obese (SMO) patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. We attempted to investigate analgesic requirements for SMO, when compared with morbidly obese (MO) individuals who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and its impact on postoperative outcome. Methods We studied 279 consecutive patients (183 MO, 96 SMO) who underwent bariatric surgery. Data analysis included perioperative anaesthetic management, analgesic consumptions, opioids side effects, and ICU admission. Results The SMO group showed higher patients with asthma, epilepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and ASA III percentages (P = 0.014, P = 0.016, P ˂ 0.001, and P ˂ 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in the total morphine consumption intraoperatively, or after 24 h. However, reduced consumption of intraoperative fentanyl and morphine in SMO when calculated per total body weight (TBW) (P = 0.004 and P = 0.001, respectively). At PACU, tramadol consumption per TBW and lean body mass (LBM) were significantly reduced in SMO (P = 0.001 and P = 0.025, respectively). Paracetamol consumption was significantly reduced in the SMO group (P = 0.04). They showed higher comorbidities (P ˂ 0.001), longer anaesthesia time (P = 0.033), and greater ICU admissions (P ˂ 0.001). Vomiting was higher in the MO group (P = 0.004). Both groups showed comparable pain scores (P = 0.558) and PACU stay time (P = 0.060). Conclusions Super morbidly obese patients required fewer opioids and analgesics perioperatively. They exhibited higher comorbidities with greater anaesthesia time and ICU admissions. PACU stay time and pain scores were comparable.Other Information Published in: Obesity Surgery
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-04559-4
Predicting stable crystalline compounds using chemical similarity
Creators: name: Wang, Hai-Chen
name: Botti, Silvana
name: Marques, Miguel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530

description: We propose an efficient high-throughput scheme for the discovery of stable crystalline phases. Our approach is based on the transmutation of known compounds, through the substitution of atoms in the crystal structure with chemically similar ones. The concept of similarity is defined quantitatively using a measure of chemical replaceability, extracted by data-mining experimental databases. In this way we build 189,981 possible crystal phases, including 18,479 that are on the convex hull of stability. The resulting success rate of 9.72% is at least one order of magnitude better than the usual success rate of systematic high-throughput calculations for a specific family of materials, and comparable with speed-up factors of machine learning filtering procedures. As a characterization of the set of 18,479 stable compounds, we calculate their electronic band gaps, magnetic moments, and hardness. Our approach, that can be used as a filter on top of any high-throughput scheme, enables us to efficiently extract stable compounds from tremendously large initial sets, without any initial assumption on their crystal structures or chemical compositions.