cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Widmann, Joseph Viktor
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Joseph Victor Widmann
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 766
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln nni
ZKlaims: Privacy-preserving Attribute-based Credentials using Non-interactive Zero-knowledge Techniques
Creators: name: Schanzenbach, Martin
name: Kilian, Thomas
name: Schütte, Julian
name: Banse, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present ZKlaims: a system that allows users to present attribute-based credentials in a privacy-preserving way. We achieve a zero-knowledge property on the basis of Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (SNARKs). ZKlaims allow users to prove statements on credentials issued by trusted third parties. The credential contents are never revealed to the verifier as part of the proving process. Further, ZKlaims can be presented non-interactively, mitigating the need for interactive proofs between the user and the verifier. This allows ZKlaims to be exchanged via fully decentralized services and storages such as traditional peer-to-peer networks based on distributed hash tables (DHTs) or even blockchains. To show this, we include a performance evaluation of ZKlaims and show how it can be integrated in decentralized identity provider services.
description: 8 pages, published at SECRYPT 2019
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Prölß, Robert
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: von Carl Robert Prölß
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 573-574
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Parus lugubris subsp. kirmanensis Koelz
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus lugubris
Parus lugubris kirmanensis koelz

description: Parus lugubris kirmanensis Koelz
 Parus lugubris kirmanensis Koelz, 1950: 8 (Dehibakri [Deh Bakri] in the Kuh i Jamal Bariz Range, west of Bam in southeastern Kirman, Iran).
 Now Poecile lugubris kirmanensis (Koelz, 1950). See Vaurie, 1950a: 2–4, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 711.
 HOLOTYPE: AMNH 803072 (FMNH 246502), adult male, collected at Dehibakri, Kuh i Jamal Bariz Range, southeastern Kerman (5 Kirman) Province, Iran, on 28 January 1940, by Walter Koelz.
 COMMENTS: In the original description, Koelz listed his type series as 12 males and six females, including the holotype, all taken between 27 January and 13 February, 1940, at Dehibakri and vicinity. Part of Koelz’s collection was eventually deposited at FMNH, apparently including types of all of the forms described by Koelz (1950), and the types were exchanged back to AMNH in April 1972 because they were said in the original description to be in AMNH. AMNH 803072 bears an AMNH type label filled in by Vaurie and my measurements are identical with the measurements given by Koelz (1950: 9) for the type of kirmanensis: wing 78 mm, tail 64, bill from skull 14. A second male, AMNH 464245, was also collected on 28 January, but measured: wing 76, tail 62, bill from skull, 14. Paratypes of kirmanensis in AMNH, all collected in Kirman, Iran in 1940, are: Maskun, 13 February AMNH 464241, adult male, and AMNH 464242, adult female; Dehibakri, 27–30 January, AMNH 464243, adult female, AMNH 464244, adult male, AMNH 464245, adult male, AMNH 464246, adult male; Gndar Ushturn, 30 January, AMNH 464247, adult male; Dehidisk, 31 January, AMNH 801053 (FMNH 234633), adult male, and AMNH 801054 (FMNH 234636), adult female. These latter two were also exchanged to AMNH from FMNH, probably in the 1960s. The additional five male and four female paratypes are probably in FMNH.
The Kuh i Jamal Bariz Range listed by Koelz is apparently the Kūh-e Jebāl Bārez, south of Bam, 29.07N, 58.20E (Times Atlas), Kerman, Iran.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on pages 67-68
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Mylius, Otfrid
name: Müller, Carl
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Hermann Friedrich Wilhelm Karl Müller, [...] Otfried Mylius
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 518
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Schack, Adolf Friedrich von
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Adolf Friedrich Graf von Schack
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 635-636
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
2 Briefe an [Jakob Maehly?]
Creators: name: Stöber, August
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1857

description: von August Stöber
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 693-694
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Stavenow, Bernhard
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Bernhard Philipp Julius Hermann Stavenow
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 685
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Massive galaxy clusters as gravitational telescopes for distant supernovae
Creators: name: Gunnarsson, Christofer
name: Goobar, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential of using massive clusters as gravitational telescopes for searches and studies of supernovae of Type Ia and Type II in optical and near-infrared bands at central wavelengths in the interval 0.8-1.25 microns. Using high-redshift supernova rates derived from the measured star formation rate, we find the most interesting effects for the detection of core-collapse SNe in searches at limiting magnitudes m_lim~25-26.5 mag, where the total detection rate could be significantly enhanced and the number of detectable events is considerable even in a small field. For shallower searches, ~24, a net gain factor of up to 3 in the discovery rate could be obtained, and yet a much larger factor for very high source redshifts. For programs such as the GOODS/ACS transient survey, the discovery rate of supernovae beyond z~2 could be significantly increased if the observations were done in the direction of massive clusters. For extremely deep observations, m_lim > 27 mag, or for very bright SNe (e.g. Type Ia) the competing effect of field reduction by lensing dominates, and fewer supernovae are likely to be discovered behind foreground clusters.
description: 9 pages, 17 figures, matches published version
Large Spin Anomalous Hall Effect in L1$\rm_{0}$-FePt: Symmetry and Magnetization Switching
Creators: name: Seki, Takeshi
name: Iihama, Satoshi
name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Takanashi, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively evaluate a spin anomalous Hall effect (SAHE), generating spin angular momentum flow (spin current, $J_{\rm s}$), in an L1$\rm_{0}$-FePt ferromagnet by exploiting giant magnetoresistance devices with L1$\rm_{0}$-FePt / Cu / Ni$\rm_{81}$Fe$\rm_{19}$ . From the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth modulated by the charge current ($J_{\rm c}$) injection, the spin anomalous Hall angle ($ α_{\rm SAH} $) is obtained to be 0.25 $ \pm $ 0.03. The evaluation of $ α_{\rm SAH} $ at different configurations between $J_{\rm c}$ and magnetization enables us to discuss the symmetry of SAHE and gives the unambiguous evidence that SAHE is the source of $J_{\rm s}$. Thanks to the large $ α_{\rm SAH} $, we demonstrate the SAHE-induced magnetization switching.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Piderit, Theodor
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Theodor Piderit
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 560-561
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Mesochorus faciator HORSTMANN 2003
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Diller, Erich
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesochorus
Mesochorus faciator

description: Mesochorus faciator HORSTMANN, 2003
M a t e r i a l: H 1: 1♀ 5-15.V, 1♀ 15-25.V, 1♀ 15-25.VI, 1♀ 5-15.VII.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic region, new for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, Diller, Erich & Japoshvili, George, 2018, The Ichneumonid fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Lagodekhi Reserve, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of four new species, pp. 1447-1507 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5275090
Brief an [Jakob Maehly]
Creators: name: Kaden, Woldemar
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1881

description: von Waldemar Kaden
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 375
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Parus assimilis Brehm
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus assimilis

description: Parus assimilis Brehm
 Parus assimilis Brehm, 1855: 242 (Galizien).
 Now Poecile montanus borealis (Sélys-Longchamps, 1843). See Snow, 1967c: 76, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 712–713.
 LECTOTYPE: AMNH 682238 (Kleinschmidt no. 53), adult male, collected in the Carpathian Mountains (5 Karpathen, as on label), Galicia, southwestern Poland, on 6 April 1852, by Count Wodzicki. From the Brehm Collection via the Rothschild Collection.
 COMMENTS: In the original description, Brehm did not designate a type or indicate how many specimens he examined. Kleinschmidt (1897: 88) listed the type of assimilis as his no. 53 in the Brehm Collection, thereby designating the above specimen the lectotype. I did not find other specimens labeled assimilis by Brehm.
 Gosler and Clement (2007: 711) commented: ‘‘[Poecile] normally treated as feminine, but no evidence in original description or elsewhere justifies this, so genus is masculine by default.’’ See David and Gosselin (2008: 19) for explanation of derivation of Poecile.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 68
Simplified Method for Trace Anomaly Calculations in d=6 and d<6
Creators: name: Bastianelli, Fiorenzo
name: Dass, N. D. Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a simplified method for computing trace anomalies in d=6 and d<6 dimensions. It is known that in the quantum mechanical approach trace anomalies in d dimensions are given by a (1+d/2)-loop computation in an auxiliary 1d sigma model with arbitrary geometry. We show how one can obtain the same information using a simpler d/2-loop calculation on an arbitrary geometry supplemented by a (1+d/2)-loop calculation on the simplified geometry of a maximally symmetric space.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, corrected minor misprints, references added
Brief an [Jakob Maehly]
Creators: name: Reitzenstein, Franziska von
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: von Franziska von Reitzenstein
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Parus murinus Brehm
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus murinus

description: Parus murinus Brehm
 Parus murinus Brehm, 1855: 242 (Deutschland).
 Now Poecile montanus salicarius (Brehm, 1831). See Hartert, 1918a: 28, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 712–713.
 SYNTYPES: AMNH 455909 (Kleinschmidt no. 72), male, collected at Renthendorf, 50.48N, 11.58E (USBGN, 1959), on 19 November 1851; AMNH 455910 (73), female, collected at Renthendorf, on 19 November 1851; AMNH 455911 (70), male, collected at Renthendorf, 15 April 1851; AMNH 455914 (75), female immature, collected in the valley of the Roda River (5 Rodathal, as on label), on 4 June 1852. From the Brehm Collection via the Rothschild Collection.
 COMMENTS: Hartert (1918a: 28), by listing a male and a female type of murinus, failed to designate a lectotype. Kleinschmidt (1897: 79–82) listed Brehm specimens nos. 70–75 in the Brehm Collection, and added these numbers to the back of the Brehm labels. Two additional Brehm specimens were exchanged to ZFMK: AMNH 455912, female, Renthendorf, 15 April 1851, and AMNH 455913, male, Rodathal, 4 June 1852. If they are labeled murinus by Brehm and bear Kleinschmidt’s numbers 71 and 74, they would also be syntypes.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 68
Mesochorus giberius
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Diller, Erich
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesochorus
Mesochorus giberius

description: Mesochorus giberius (THUNBERG, 1822)
M a t e r i a l: H 1: 1♀ 23.IV-4. V, 4♀♀ 5-15. V, 1♂ 15-25. VI; H 2: 2♀♀ 4. V; H 3: 1♀ 15-25.VII.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Widespread in the Holarctic, Neotropical and Oriental regions, new for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, Diller, Erich & Japoshvili, George, 2018, The Ichneumonid fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Lagodekhi Reserve, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of four new species, pp. 1447-1507 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5275090
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Barach, Moritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: von Moritz Barach
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 474
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Finite Temperature Induced Fermion Number In The Nonlinear sigma Model In (2+1) Dimensions
Creators: name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Lopez-Sarrion, Justo
name: Rao, Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the finite temperature induced fermion number for fermions coupled to a static nonlinear sigma model background in (2+1) dimensions, in the derivative expansion limit. While the zero temperature induced fermion number is well known to be topological (it is the winding number of the background), at finite temperature there is a temperature dependent correction that is nontopological -- this finite T correction is sensitive to the detailed shape of the background. At low temperature we resum the derivative expansion to all orders, and we consider explicit forms of the background as a CP^1 instanton or as a baby skyrmion.
description: 10 pp, revtex4
Parus borealis subsp. restrictus Hellmayr
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus borealis
Parus borealis restrictus hellmayr

description: Parus borealis restrictus Hellmayr
 Parus borealis restrictus Hellmayr, 1900: 215 (Südjapan (Hondo)).
 Now Poecile montanus restrictus (Hellmayr, 1900). See Morioka et al., 2005: 108, Eck and Martens, 2006: 13–15, Dickinson et al., 2006: 72, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 712–713.
 SYNTYPES: AMNH 682343, adult male, collected at Shimotsuke, Japan, in December 1893; and AMNH 682344, adult male, collected at Shimotsuke-no-Kuni, Tochigi Prefecture, Honshu (5 Hondo) (Morioka et al., 2005: 108), Japan, undated, by collectors for A. Owston (no. 216). From the Rothschild Collection.
 COMMENTS: Hellmayr did not designate a type in the original description; therefore, all seven specimens listed by him are syntypes. This is the form called Parus spec. nov. by Kleinschmidt (1897: 94), and he cited a male and a female specimen in the Rothschild Collection (5 Tring). The female specimen, now at AMNH, has no type standing, as only males and unsexed adults were listed by Hellmayr in the original description and females were not mentioned. I misled Morioka et al. (2005: 108) by originally considering the female to be part of the type series.
 There is no information on the collector of AMNH 682343. What appears to be an original label bears the name ‘‘ Parus palustris japonicus ’’ along with the number 51 and the other data. It was apparently seen by Kleinschmidt, as his distinctive manner of noting measurements and his initials are added to the label, but I did not find a specimen no. 51 listed in his review (Kleinschmidt, 1897).
These syntypes were not recorded by Hartert in any of his lists of types in the Rothschild Collection and were not recognized as types until pointed out to me by Edward Dickinson in 1999.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 69
Afterglow lightcurves, viewing angle and the jet structure of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Rossi, E.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Rees, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma ray bursts are often modelled as jet-like outflows directed towards the observer; the cone angle of the jet is then commonly inferred from the time at which there is a steepening in the power-law decay of the afterglow. We consider an alternative model in which the jet has a beam pattern where the luminosity per unit solid angle (and perhaps also the initial Lorentz factor) decreases smoothly away from the axis, rather than having a well-defined cone angle within which the flow is uniform. We show that the break in the afterglow light curve then occurs at a time that depends on the viewing angle. Instead of implying a range of intrinsically different jets - some very narrow, and others with similar power spread over a wider cone - the data on afterglow breaks could be consistent with a standardized jet, viewed from different angles. We discuss the implication of this model for the luminosity function.
description: Corrected typo in Eq. 19
Interplay of pulse duration, peak intensity, and particle size in laser-driven electron emission from silica nanospheres
Creators: name: Powell, Jeffrey A.
name: Summers, Adam M.
name: Liu, Qingcao
name: Robatjazi, Seyyed Javad
name: Rupp, Philipp
name: Stierle, Johannes
name: Trallero-herrero, Carlos A.
name: Kling, Matthias F.
name: Rudenko, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic study of photoelectron emission from gasphase dielectric nanoparticles (SiO2) irradiated by intense 25 fs, 780 nm linearly polarized laser pulses as a function of particle size (20 nm to 750 nm in diameter) and laser intensity. We also introduce an experimental technique to reduce the effects of focal volume averaging. The highest photoelectron energies show a strong size dependence, increasing by a factor of six over the range of particles sizes studied at a fixed intensity. For smaller particle sizes (up to 200 nm), our findings agree well with earlier results obtained with few-cycle, ~4 fs pulses. For large nanoparticles, which exhibit stronger near-field localization due to field-propagation effects, we observe the emission of much more energetic electrons, reaching energies up to ~200 times the ponderomotive energy. This strong deviation in maximum photoelectron energy is attributed to the increase in ionization and charge interaction for many-cycle pulses at similar intensities.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Factors associated with not ready to stop using substances among adults with an unmet treatment need: findings from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2015-2019
Creators: name: Szlyk, Hannah S.
name: Gutierrez, Zelibeth M.
name: Peoples, JaNiene
name: Baiden, Philip
name: Doroshenko, Christine
name: Li, Xiao
name: Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: A better understanding of factors associated with not ready to stop using substances may inform provider engagement with clients who have an unmet treatment need. Objectives: This study explores how treatment barriers, the number of SUD symptoms, and types of substances used are associated with not ready to stop using substances among adults with an unmet treatment need. Methods: The data came from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Eligible adults met DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse and dependence and reported an unmet need for treatment. Among our sample (N = 1,017), a majority self-identified as male (weighted 59.3%). We employed multivariable logistic regression to examine individual-level factors associated with not being ready to stop using substances. Results: About 38% of the respondents reported that they were not ready to stop using substances. Reporting access barriers (aOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.68) and attitudinal barriers (aOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.80) was associated with a lower odds of not ready to stop using. Each additional increase in SUD symptoms was associated with 23% higher odds of not being ready to stop using (aOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.34). Having a diagnosis of alcohol and/or marijuana abuse or dependence was associated with higher odds of not being ready to stop using when compared to respondents without these diagnoses (aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.33, 3.40; aOR = 1.82 95% CI: 1.11, 2.99). Conclusion: Not ready to stop using substances may be impacted by the type of SUD, number of SUD symptoms, and certain barriers like access and attitude to care.
Dynamical Behavior of dilaton in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Lee, H. W.
name: Myung, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical behavior of the dilaton in the background of three-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter space which is inspired from the low-energy string effective action. The perturbation analysis around the cosmological horizon of Kerr-de Sitter space reveals a mixing between the dilaton and other fields. Introducing a gauge (dilaton gauge), we can disentangle this mixing completely and obtain one decoupled dilaton equation. However it turns out that this belongs to the tachyon. The stability of de Sitter solution with J=0 is discussed. Finally we compute the dilaton absorption cross section to extract information on the cosmological horizon of de Sitter space.
description: 11 pages, reference added and a version to appear in PLB
Stewardship in the Face of the Storm
Creators: name: Illanes, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Value: Stewardship
University of Texas at Austin
cold
storm emergency

description: Neither snow nor ice nor cold could stop Facilities Services’ support of The University of Texas at Austin when a record-breaking winter storm hit the area in mid-February 2021. That’s because we see our stewardship role as “mission critical.” We must keep the campus safe and running, even when faced with extreme weather, even when the university is officially closed, and even during the long-standing COVID-19 pandemic that stormed across the globe. In other words, facing a crisis on top of a crisis.
description: Values at Work Series: Facilities Services developed our core values of Service, Integrity, Teamwork, Excellence, and Stewardship (collectively referred to as SITES) based on the way we approach our work. Our values can be found throughout our areas of services in many ways.Through a series of articles, the Values at Work Series is devoted to providing a closer look at how our values are hard at work. Each article focuses on an area of service and how that group incorporates our values in a significant way. We are proud of our employees who continue to serve as an example of “walking the talk” every day.
Parus carolinensis subsp. agilis Sennett 1888
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus carolinensis
Parus carolinensis agilis sennett

description: Parus carolinensis agilis Sennett
 Parus carolinensis agilis Sennett, 1888: 46 (Bee Co., Texas).
 Now Poecile carolinensis agilis (Sennett, 1888). See Gosler and Clement, 2007: 714.
 HOLOTYPE: AMNH 86395, unsexed, collected in Bee County, Texas, USA, on 2 January 1887, by J.M. Priour. From the G.B. Sennett Collection (no. 3894).
 COMMENTS: Sennett gave his catalog number of the holotype in the original description. His label is marked ‘‘ Type’ ’ with the locality ‘‘ Aransas River’ ’ written on the reverse by hand unknown. Sennett listed his type series; the following paratypes are in AMNH: AMNH 86396 (Sennett no. 4219), male, Bee Co., Texas, 15 April 1887 (field no. 168); AMNH 86397 (4218), unsexed, Bee Co., Texas, April 1887 (169); AMNH 86398 (3798), juvenile, Bee Co., Texas, April (2); AMNH 86399 (4422), immature, Victoria Co., Texas, April 1887 (64); AMNH 86400 (4423), immature, Victoria Co., Texas, April 1887 (65); and AMNH 86401 (3799), juvenile, Texas, April 1886 (220). The listed specimen from the J.A. Loomis Collection did not come to AMNH.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on pages 70-71
Mesochorus iburganus SCHWENKE 1999
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Diller, Erich
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesochorus
Mesochorus iburganus

description: Mesochorus iburganus SCHWENKE, 1999
M a t e r i a l: H 1: 1♀ 4-14.VI.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Germany, new for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, Diller, Erich & Japoshvili, George, 2018, The Ichneumonid fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Lagodekhi Reserve, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of four new species, pp. 1447-1507 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5275090
Antwort auf eine Umfrage für das "Biographische Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart, 1882"
Creators: name: Baumbach, Rudolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1880

description: Ausgefüllter Fragebogen
description: von Rudolf Baumbach
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Franz Bornmüller. - Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart von Franz Bornmüller, unter Mitwirkung namhafter Schriftsteller : Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der Nationalliteratur aller Völker mit Angabe ihrer Werke. - Leipzig : Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, 1882, S. 51-52
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln noj
Unremarkable AI: Fitting Intelligent Decision Support into Critical, Clinical Decision-Making Processes
Creators: name: Yang, Qian
name: Steinfeld, Aaron
name: Zimmerman, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical decision support tools (DST) promise improved healthcare outcomes by offering data-driven insights. While effective in lab settings, almost all DSTs have failed in practice. Empirical research diagnosed poor contextual fit as the cause. This paper describes the design and field evaluation of a radically new form of DST. It automatically generates slides for clinicians' decision meetings with subtly embedded machine prognostics. This design took inspiration from the notion of "Unremarkable Computing", that by augmenting the users' routines technology/AI can have significant importance for the users yet remain unobtrusive. Our field evaluation suggests clinicians are more likely to encounter and embrace such a DST. Drawing on their responses, we discuss the importance and intricacies of finding the right level of unremarkableness in DST design, and share lessons learned in prototyping critical AI systems as a situated experience.
Template: Applying Open Science Principles Across the Research Lifecycle
Creators: name: van der Walt, Anelda
name: Pawlik, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: open science
research lifecycle
omics
africa

description: A template to enable research projects that are open by design.

This template was designed by Talarify for participants of the DIPLOMICS Open Science for the OMICS Community workshop series to encourage intentionality regarding open science practices across the research lifecycle.

 

How to use this template:

Make a copy of the Google Doc, download it as a Word or PDF document, or print it out - whichever you prefer.

Map out your current research activities across the research lifecycle.

Identify open science practices you are already applying.

Map out other open science practices or tools you want to apply across the research lifecycle.

Identify one tool, platform, or methodology you want to learn to enable your open science work.

Complete the questions below to help you design your learning path and create a schedule for learning the new skill.

These are live documents. Keep them handy. Update them. Refer back to them to see where you were a few months ago. 

Celebrate and share your progress and wins! It’s important to pause regularly and look back to see how far you’ve come. 

Don’t do this alone. Join a learning community, form your own small group of co-learning peers, or reach out for support. Alternatively, you can go on this journey and share your progress via short blog posts, social media postings, or reporting back to your research group.

Let us know if you found this template useful.  How can we improve it? You can email us at info@talarify.co.za.
Covariant $κ-$Symmetry Gauge Fixing and the Classical Relation Between Physical Variables of the NSR String and the Type II GS Superstring
Creators: name: Uvarov, Dmitriy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of this paper is the manifestly covariant derivation of the classical relation between the gauge-fixed Grassmann variables of the NSR string and the Type II GS superstring. To this end we analyze the superembedding equation for the Type II superstring to derive the relation between the original variables of the NSR string and the Type II GS superstring and, further, by means of Lorentz harmonic variables we fix $κ-$symmetry of the GS superstring in the manifestly Lorentz covariant way.
description: 6 pages, Latex file, espcrc2.sty, based on talk given at D.V. Volkov Memorial Conference "Supersymmetry and Quantum Field Theory" (25-29 July, 2000, Kharkov, Ukraine), to appear in Nuclear Physics B Conference Supplements
Bruceadysentoside A, a new pregnane glycoside and others secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity from brucea antidysenterica J. F. Mill. (simaroubaceae)
Creators: name: Makong, Yves Salomon
name: Fotso, Ghislain Wabo
name: Mouthe, Gervais Happi
name: Lenta, Bruno
name: Rennert, Robert
name: Sewald, Norbert
name: Arnold, Norbert
name: Wansi, Jean Duplex
name: Ngadjui, Bonaventure Tchaleu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: The chemical investigation of the root barks leaves and stem barks of Brucea antidysenterica J. F. Mill. (Simaroubaceae) led to the isolation of a new pregnane glycoside, named Bruceadysentoside A or 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-pregn-5-en-20-one (1) together with seventeen known compounds. Their structures were established from spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1 D and 2 D NMR and by comparison with literature data. Compounds 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 13 were tested in vitro for their effects on the viability of two different human cancer cell lines, namely prostate PC-3 adenocarcinoma cells and colorectal HT-29 adenocarcinoma cells. No substantial activities were recorded for 2, 10, 12 and 13 (up to 10 μM concentration). 1, 5 and 8 did not show strong anti-proliferative effects up to 100 μM, however, 6 exhibited a stronger anti-proliferative effect with IC50 values of ∼ 100 μM against PC-3 and ∼ 200 μM against HT-29.
A probable planetary companion to HD 39091 from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
Creators: name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Penny, Alan J.
name: McCarthy, Chris
name: Carter, Brad D.
name: Pourbaix, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a extrasolar planet candidate orbiting the G1 V star HD 39091. The orbital period is 2083 d and the eccentricity is 0.62. With a minimum (M sin $i$) mass of 10.3 M$_{\rm JUP}$ this object falls near the high mass end of the observed planet mass function, and may plausibly be a brown dwarf. Other characteristics of this system, including orbital eccentricity and metallicity, are typical of the well populated class of radial velocity planets in eccentric orbits around metal-rich stars.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables included
CHARACTERISATION OF ROCK DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR BY FULL-FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Creators: name: HAOZHE XING
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91402 Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Who, by integrating the stereo-vision and digital image correlation into high-speed photography, studied the three-dimensional dynamic deformation of rock. He discovered the evolution of dynamic properties and fracture patterns of rock, which has not been identified before. His work provides new insights into the dynamic behaviour of rock under various loading and environmental conditions.
Effects of low-level silica fume replacement in ASTM C 1260 and ASTM C 227 mortar-bar testing
Creators: name: Maas, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Silica fume
Alkali-silica reaction
Concrete

description: Replacement of a percentage of cement by supplementary cementing materials (SCM) can control deleterious alkali-silica reaction. Silica fume, a commonly used SCM, and can be used to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). As-produced, silica fume is very small (0.1 μm) and requires densification for economical distribution. The densification, transportation and storage process may produce larger agglomerated silica fume (up to mm in size). Recently there have been some discrepancies in data reported in the literature as to the effect of these silica fume agglomerates on alkali-silica reaction in laboratory and field experiments. These results led to an investigation of the root causes of these differences. This thesis presents finding from an extensive investigation into the effects of silica fume replacement on alkali-silica reaction. Three different silica fumes (two densified and one undensified) were tested in various combinations with four different aggregates (two non-reactive, one reactive, and one highly-reactive). Results from ASTM C 1260 and preliminary results from ASTM C 227 mortar bar expansion tests are presented. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze epoxy-impregnated 28-day mortar samples from the ASTM C 1260 tests. It was observed that one type of silica fume agglomerates was alkali-silica reactive, while another neither increased nor decreased alkali-silica expansion. The undensified silica fume effectively controlled alkali-silica expansion with all aggregates except the highly-reactive aggregate
Parus sclateri subsp. garzai Phillips
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus sclateri
Parus sclateri garzai phillips

description: Parus sclateri garzai Phillips
 Parus sclateri garzai Phillips, 1986: 88 (58 road km SE Saltillo, (S Huachichil) SE Coahuila).
 Now Poecile sclateri garzai (Phillips, 1986). See Gosler and Clement, 2007: 715–716.
 HOLOTYPE: AMNH 831488, male?, collected 8 ± km south of Huachichil (5 58 road km SE of Saltillo; 2 km S of ‘‘ El Poleo’ ’), southeastern Coahuila, Mexico, on 28 August 1963, by Aldegundo Garza de León (A.R. Phillips original no. C 288). From the Allan R. Phillips Collection.
 COMMENTS: See Dickerman and Parkes (1997: 224) for disposition of the holotype of P. s. garzai. It was deposited in AMNH in May 1996, from the estate of A.R. Phillips.
Sierra del Huachichil is at 25.11N, 100.47W (USBGN, 1956a).
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 71
Monodromy of solutions of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation: SL(2,C)/SU(2) WZNW model
Creators: name: Ponsot, Benedicte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three explicit and equivalent representations for the monodromy of the conformal blocks in the SL(2,C)/SU(2) WZNW model are proposed in terms of the same quantity computed in Liouville field theory. We show that there are two possible fusion matrices in this model. This is due to the fact that the conformal blocks, being solutions to the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation, have a singularity when the SL(2,C) isospin coordinate x equals the worldsheet variable z. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the conformal block when x goes to z. The obtained relation inserted into a four point correlation function in the SL(2,C)/SU(2) WZNW model gives some expression in terms of two correlation functions in Liouville field theory.
description: 26 pages.v2: relation to prior works made explicit, many references added, minor typos corrected
Mesochorus laricis HARTIG 1838
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Diller, Erich
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesochorus
Mesochorus laricis

description: Mesochorus laricis HARTIG, 1838
M a t e r i a l: H 4: 2♂♂ 15-25.V.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Europe, new for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, Diller, Erich & Japoshvili, George, 2018, The Ichneumonid fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Lagodekhi Reserve, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of four new species, pp. 1447-1507 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5275090
Additional file 1 of Methamphetamine facilitates HIV infection of primary human monocytes through inhibiting cellular viral restriction factors
Creators: name: Liu, Yu
name: Meng, Feng-Zhen
name: Wang, Xu
name: Wang, Peng
name: Liu, Jin-Biao
name: Hu, Wen-Hui
name: Young, Won-Bin
name: Ho, Wen-Zhe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Effect of METH on the cell viability of human monocytes. Freshly isolated human monocytes were treated with METH at the indicated concentrations for 96 hours. The cell viability was assessed by MTS assay. Data are showed as the absorbance (490 nm) relative to untreated control, which is defined as 1.0. The results shown were obtained as mean ± SD from three independent experiments with triplicate wells.