cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of hematologic radiation toxicity in mice through pharmacological quiescence induced by CDK4/6 inhibition
Creators: name: Ramsey, Matthew R.
name: Jiang, Qi
name: Su, Lishan
name: Jin, Jian
name: Johnson, Søren M.
name: Bell, Jessica F.
name: Sharpless, Norman E.
name: Wang, Yong
name: Monahan, Kimberly B.
name: Torrice, Chad D.
name: Wong, Kwok-Kin
name: Zhou, Daohong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Total body irradiation (TBI) can induce lethal myelosuppression, due to the sensitivity of proliferating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to ionizing radiation (IR). No effective therapy exists to mitigate the hematologic toxicities of TBI. Here, using selective and structurally distinct small molecule inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6, we have demonstrated that selective cellular quiescence increases radioresistance of human cell lines in vitro and mice in vivo. Cell lines dependent on CDK4/6 were resistant to IR and other DNA-damaging agents when treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors. In contrast, CDK4/6 inhibitors did not protect cell lines that proliferated independently of CDK4/6 activity. Treatment of wild-type mice with CDK4/6 inhibitors induced reversible pharmacological quiescence (PQ) of early HSPCs but not most other cycling cells in the bone marrow or other tissues. Selective PQ of HSPCs decreased the hematopoietic toxicity of TBI, even when the CDK4/6 inhibitor was administered several hours after TBI. Moreover, PQ at the time of administration of therapeutic IR to mice harboring autochthonous cancers reduced treatment toxicity without compromising the therapeutic tumor response. These results demonstrate an effective method to mitigate the hematopoietic toxicity of IR in mammals, which may be potentially useful after radiological disaster or as an adjuvant to anticancer therapy.
The endpoint of the Gregory-Laflamme instability of black strings revisited
Creators: name: Figueras, Pau
name: França, Tiago
name: Gu, Chenxia
name: Andrade, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reproduce and extend the previous studies of Lehner and Pretorius of the endpoint of the Gregory-Laflamme instability of black strings in five space-time dimensions. We consider unstable black strings of fixed thickness and different lengths, and in all cases we confirm that at the intermediate stages of the evolution the horizon can be interpreted as a quasistationary self-similar sequence of black strings connecting spherical black holes on different scales. However, we do not find any evidence for a global timescale relating subsequent generations. The endpoint of the instability is the pinch off of the horizon in finite asymptotic time, thus confirming the violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture around black string spacetimes.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures plus one appendix. v2: Minor corrections, matches published version
High-school algebra of the theory of dicritical divisors: atypical fibres for special pencils and polynomials
Creators: name: Bartolo, E. Artal
name: Luengo, I.
name: Melle-Hernández, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14A05, 14R15

description: In this work we deal with dicritical divisors, curvettes and polynomials. These objects have been one of the main research interests of S.S. Abhyankar during his last years. In this work we provide some elementary proofs of some S.S. Abhyankar and I. Luengo results for dicriticals in the framework of formal power series. Based on these ideas we give a constructive way to find the atypical fibres of a special pencil and give bounds for its number, which are sharper than the existing ones. Finally, we answer a question of J. Gwoździewicz finding polynomials that reach his bound.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Сквозь время
Creators: name: Чернова Анна Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Философская школа
Year: 2017
Subjects: БОГ
ВСЕЛЕННАЯ
СОЗДАТЕЛЬ
ВОЙНА ЛЮДЕЙ
ЖИЗНЬ
СМЕРТЬ
ТЕЧЕНИЕ ВРЕМЕНИ
СОЛНЦЕ
ДУБ
ДИТЯ ЗЕМЛИ

description: Работой «Сквозь время» самого молодого автора «Философской школы» открывается новая рубрика нашего журнала «Философская проза». Поскольку художественное произведение говорит само за себя, скажем лишь следующее. Настоящий рассказ был написан более десяти лет назад (2006 год) совсем ещё юной девочкой и публикуется впервые. Источником вдохновения для автора и основой для построения символики созидания, представленной автором в настоящей художественно-философской работе, послужила картина «Дыхание вечности», иллюстрация которой представлена на вкладке.
Greedy optimization for growing spatially embedded oscillatory networks
Creators: name: Beecroft, Damien
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Angulo-Garcia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of some types of oscillators requires the mediation of a physical link between them, rendering the distance between oscillators a critical factor to achieve synchronization. In this paper we propose and explore a greedy algorithm to grow spatially embedded oscillator networks. The algorithm is constructed in such a way that nodes are sequentially added seeking to minimize the cost of the added links' length and optimize the linear stability of the growing network. We show that, for appropriate parameters, the stability of the resulting network, measured in terms of the dynamics of small perturbations and the correlation length of the disturbances, can be significantly improved with a minimal added length cost. In addition, we analyze numerically the topological properties of the resulting networks and find that, while being more stable, their degree distribution is approximately exponential and independent of the algorithm parameters. Moreover, we find that other topological parameters related with network resilience and efficiency are also affected by the proposed algorithm. Finally, we extend our findings to more general classes of networks with different sources of heterogeneity. Our results are a first step in the development of algorithms for the directed growth of oscillatory networks with desirable stability, dynamical and topological properties.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Enhancement of the thermoelectric power by electronic correlations in bad metals: a study of the Kelvin formula
Creators: name: Kokalj, J.
name: McKenzie, Ross. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many strongly correlated electron metals the thermoelectric power has a non-monotonic temperature dependence and values that are orders of magnitude larger than for elemental metals. Kelvin proposed a particularly simple expression for the thermopower in terms of the temperature dependence of the chemical potential. We consider a Hubbard model on an anisotropic triangular lattice at half filling, a minimal effective Hamiltonian for several classes of organic charge transfer salts. The finite temperature Lanczos method is used to calculate the temperature dependence of the thermopower using the Kelvin formula. We find that electronic correlations significantly enhance the magnitude of the thermopower and lead to a non-monotonic temperature dependence. The latter reflects a crossover with increasing temperature from a Fermi liquid to a bad metal. Although, the Kelvin formula gives a semi-quantitative description of some experimental results it cannot describe the directional dependence of the sign of the thermopower in some materials.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Study of $\mathrm{^{26}Al}$ in the COSI 2016 superpressure balloon flight
Creators: name: Beechert, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a balloon-borne compact Compton telescope designed to survey the $γ$-ray sky from 0.2 to 5 MeV. COSI's wide field-of-view (FOV) and excellent energy resolution from high-purity germanium detectors make it uniquely capable of probing this under-explored energy regime. In particular, it can facilitate understanding of stellar nucleosynthesis through studies of diffuse emission from the radioisotope $\mathrm{^{26}Al}$ at 1.809 MeV. In 2016, COSI was launched from Wanaka, New Zealand on a NASA superpressure balloon and flew for 46 days. The flight was a technologic and scientific success, boasting live detection and polarization studies of GRB160530A, spectral analysis of the Crab Nebula and the 511-keV positron annihilation emission at the Galactic Center, and detection of Cygnus X-1. This article details the first maximum-likelihood search for the 1.809 MeV signature of Galactic $\mathrm{^{26}Al}$ in the 2016 data. The analysis reveals a promising excess around the expected energies of an $\mathrm{^{26}Al}$ signature with 3.7$σ$ significance and a measured flux of (17.0 $\pm$ 4.9) $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. Further exploration is currently underway to solidify the measurement.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, contribution to ICRC 2021
Scalar Perturbation Around Rotating Regular Black Hole: Superradiance Instability and Quasinormal Modes
Creators: name: Li, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes provide a natural laboratory to study particle physics and astrophysics. When black holes are surrounded by matter fields, there will be plenty of phenomena which can have observational consequences, from which we can learn about the matter fields as well as black hole spacetime. In this work, we investigate the massive scalar field in the vicinity of a newly proposed rotating regular black hole inspired by quantum gravity. We will especially investigate how this non-singular spactime will affect the superradiance instability and quasinormal modes of the scalar filed. We derive the superradiant conditions and the amplification factor by using the Matching-asymptotic Method, and the quasinormal modes are computed through Continued Fraction Method. In the Kerr limit, the results are in excellent agreements with previous research. We also demonstrate how the quasinormal modes will change as a function of black hole spin, regularity described by a parameter $k$ and scalar field mass respectively, with other parameters taking specific values.
description: 10 pages, 3 tables, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Potential for a precision measurement of solar $pp$ neutrinos in the Serappis Experiment
Creators: name: Bieger, Lukas
name: Birkenfeld, Thilo
name: Blum, David
name: Depnering, Wilfried
name: Enqvist, Timo
name: Enzmann, Heike
name: Gao, Feng
name: Genster, Christoph
name: Göttel, Alexandre
name: Grewing, Christian
name: Gromov, Maxim
name: Hackspacher, Paul
name: Hagner, Caren
name: Heinz, Tobias
name: Kampmann, Philipp
name: Karagounis, Michael
name: Kruth, Andre
name: Kuusiniemi, Pasi
name: Lachenmaier, Tobias
name: Liebau, Daniel
name: Liu, Runxuan
name: Loo, Kai
name: Ludhova, Livia
name: Meyhöfer, David
name: Müller, Axel
name: Muralidharan, Pavithra
name: Oberauer, Lothar
name: Othegraven, Rainer
name: Parkalian, Nina
name: Pei, Yatian
name: Pilarczyk, Oliver
name: Rebber, Henning
name: Robens, Markus
name: Roth, Christian
name: Sawatzki, Julia
name: Schweizer, Konstantin
name: Settanta, Giulio
name: Slupecki, Maciej
name: Smirnov, Oleg
name: Stahl, Achim
name: Steiger, Hans
name: Steinmann, Jochen
name: Sterr, Tobias
name: Stock, Matthias Raphael
name: Tang, Jian
name: Theisen, Eric
name: Tietzsch, Alexander
name: Trzaska, Wladyslaw
name: Boom, Johannes van den
name: van Waasen, Stefan
name: Vollbrecht, Cornelius
name: Wiebusch, Christopher
name: Wonsak, Bjoern
name: Wurm, Michael
name: Wysotzki, Christian
name: Xu, Yu
name: Yegin, Ugur
name: Zambanini, Andre
name: Züfle, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Serappis (SEarch for RAre PP-neutrinos In Scintillator) project aims at a precision measurement of the flux of solar $pp$ neutrinos on the few-percent level. Such a measurement will be a relevant contribution to the study of solar neutrino oscillation parameters and a sensitive test of the solar luminosity constraint. The concept of Serappis relies on a small organic liquid scintillator detector ($\sim$20 m$^3$) with excellent energy resolution ($\sim$2.5 % at 1 MeV), low internal background and sufficient shielding from surrounding radioactivity. This can be achieved by a minor upgrade of the OSIRIS facility at the site of the JUNO neutrino experiment in southern China. To go substantially beyond current accuracy levels for the $pp$ flux, an organic scintillator with ultra-low $^{14}$C levels (below $10^{-18}$) is required. The existing OSIRIS detector and JUNO infrastructure will be instrumental in identifying suitable scintillator materials, offering a unique chance for a low-budget high-precision measurement of a fundamental property of our Sun that will be otherwise hard to access.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Model constraints based on the IceCube neutrino non-detection of GRB 221009A
Creators: name: Ai, Shunke
name: Gao, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 221009A is a bright Gamma-ray burst (GRB) with isotropic energy being larger than $10^{54} ~{\rm ergs}$. Its fairly low redshift makes it a promising candidate for high energy neutrino detection. However, a neutrino search for this GRB reported by the IceCube collaboration yielded a null result. In this paper, we utilize the upper limit from IceCube observation to test different GRB prompt emission models. We find that, at least for this specific burst, the dissipative photosphere model could be ruled out in a large parameter space. The internal shock model can survive only with a large bulk motion Lorentz factor $Γ$, where the most stringent and conservative constraints are $Γ> \sim 450$ and $Γ> \sim 200$, respectively. Also, the ratio of the total dissipated energy that goes into the protons and electrons ($ε_p / ε_e$) can be constrained with a given $Γ$. For $Γ< 400$, $ε_p / ε_e < 10$ is required. For the Internal-collision-induced Magnetic Reconnection and Turbulence (ICMART) model, the constraint from GRB 221009A is modest. Under ICMART model, only for extreme situations when most dissipated energy deposit into protons and all accelerated protons are suitable for producing neutrinos, a slightly large bulk motion ($Γ> \sim 250$) is required.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in APJ
AEDNet: Adaptive Edge-Deleting Network For Subgraph Matching
Creators: name: Lan, Zixun
name: Ma, Ye
name: Yu, Limin
name: Yuan, LingLong
name: Ma, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Subgraph matching is to find all subgraphs in a data graph that are isomorphic to an existing query graph. Subgraph matching is an NP-hard problem, yet has found its applications in many areas. Many learning-based methods have been proposed for graph matching, whereas few have been designed for subgraph matching. The subgraph matching problem is generally more challenging, mainly due to the different sizes between the two graphs, resulting in considerable large space of solutions. Also the extra edges existing in the data graph connecting to the matched nodes may lead to two matched nodes of two graphs having different adjacency structures and often being identified as distinct objects. Due to the extra edges, the existing learning based methods often fail to generate sufficiently similar node-level embeddings for matched nodes. This study proposes a novel Adaptive Edge-Deleting Network (AEDNet) for subgraph matching. The proposed method is trained in an end-to-end fashion. In AEDNet, a novel sample-wise adaptive edge-deleting mechanism removes extra edges to ensure consistency of adjacency structure of matched nodes, while a unidirectional cross-propagation mechanism ensures consistency of features of matched nodes. We applied the proposed method on six datasets with graph sizes varying from 20 to 2300. Our evaluations on six open datasets demonstrate that the proposed AEDNet outperforms six state-of-the-arts and is much faster than the exact methods on large graphs.
Rb deletion in mouse mammary progenitors induces luminal-B or basal-like/EMT tumor subtypes depending on p53 status
Creators: name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Weigman, Victor J.
name: Liu, Jeff C.
name: Herschkowitz, Jason I.
name: Li, Huiqin
name: Deng, Tao
name: Lane, Timothy F.
name: Zacksenhaus, Eldad
name: Jones, Robert
name: Jiang, Zhe
name: Tsao, Ming-Sound
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, with several different subtypes being characterized by distinct histology, gene expression patterns, and genetic alterations. The tumor suppressor gene retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) is frequently lost in both luminal-B and triple-negative tumor (TNT; i.e., estrogen receptor–, progesterone receptor–, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative) breast cancer subtypes. However, a causal role for RB1 loss in different subtypes remains undefined. Here we report that deletion of Rb alone or together with its relative p107 in mouse mammary stem/bipotent progenitor cells induced focal acinar hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia. These lesions progressed into histologically diverse, transplantable mammary tumors with features of either luminal-B or TNT subtypes. The TNTs included basal-like tumors as well as tumors that exhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT-type tumors and a subset of the basal-like tumors, but not luminal-B–like tumors, expressed mutant forms of the tumor suppressor p53. Accordingly, targeted deletion of both Rb and p53 in stem/bipotent progenitors led to histologically uniform, aggressive, EMT-type tumors. Reintroduction of Rb into these tumor cells suppressed growth in vitro and tumor formation in vivo. These results establish a causal role for Rb loss in breast cancer in mice and demonstrate that cooperating oncogenic events, such as mutations in p53, dictate tumor subtype after Rb inactivation.
Many Destinations, Many Pathways: A Quantitative Analysis of Legitimate Peripheral Participation in Scratch
Creators: name: Cheng, Ruijia
name: Hill, Benjamin Mako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although informal online learning communities have proliferated over the last two decades, a fundamental question remains: What are the users of these communities expected to learn? Guided by the work of Etienne Wenger on communities of practice, we identify three distinct types of learning goals common to online informal learning communities: the development of domain skills, the development of identity as a community member, and the development of community-specific values and practices. Given these goals, what is the best way to support learning? Drawing from previous research in social computing, we ask how different types of legitimate peripheral participation by newcomers-contribution to core tasks, engagement with practice proxies, social bonding, and feedback exchange-may be associated with these three learning goals. Using data from the Scratch online community, we conduct a quantitative analysis to explore these questions. Our study contributes both theoretical insights and empirical evidence on how different types of learning occur in informal online environments.
p-adic Cellular Neural Networks: Applications to Image Processing
Creators: name: Zambrano-Luna, B. A.
name: Zúñiga-Galindo, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The p-adic cellular neural networks (CNNs) are mathematical generalizations of the neural networks introduced by Chua and Yang in the 80s. In this work we present two new types of CNNs that can perform computations with real data, and whose dynamics can be understood almost completely. The first type of networks are edge detectors for grayscale images. The stationary states of these networks are organized hierarchically in a lattice structure. The dynamics of any of these networks consists of transitions toward some minimal state in the lattice. The second type is a new class of reaction-diffusion networks. We investigate the stability of these networks and show that they can be used as filters to reduce noise, preserving the edges, in grayscale images polluted with additive Gaussian noise. The networks introduced here were found experimentally. They are abstract evolution equations on spaces of real-valued functions defined in the p-adic unit ball for some prime number p. In practical applications the prime p is determined by the size of image, and thus, only small primes are used. We provide several numerical simulations showing how these networks work.
description: Several typos were corrected. Three additional references were added
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (60)]
Creators: name: Filipus De Cazis
name: De Uellatis, Johannes
name: De Mede, Jacobus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1423
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Die Doktoren der Rechte Filipus de Cazis, Sohn des verstorbenen Jacobus de Cazis, seinerseits magister grammaticae, Johannes de Uellatis, Sohn des verstorbenen Bartolomeus de Uellatis, seinerseits ebenfalls Doktor der Rechte, sowie Jacobus de Mede, Rechtsgelehrter und Sohn des verstorbenen Comes Blaxonus de Mede, geben in ihrer Eigenschaft als Schiedsrichter die Verlängerung eines am 7. Mai 1423 festgehaltenen Kompromisses in Rechtsstreitigkeiten zwischen Johannes Bruxatus, Sohn des Baldesarrus Bruxatus, auf der einen und Michelonus de Piscatoribus, Sohn des verstorbenen Filiponus, Obriginus Grita, Sohn des verstorbenen Francinus Grita, und weiteren Personen auf der anderen Seite bekannt.
Process tomography in general physical theories
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Process tomography, the experimental characterization of physical processes, is a central task in science and engineering. Here we investigate the axiomatic requirements that guarantee the in-principle feasibility of process tomography in general physical theories. Specifically, we explore the requirement that process tomography should be achievable with a finite number of auxiliary systems and with a finite number of input states. We show that this requirement is satisfied in every theory equipped with universal extensions, that is, correlated states from which all other correlations can be generated locally with non-zero probability. We show that universal extensions are guaranteed to exist in two cases: (1) theories permitting conclusive state teleportation, and (2) theories satisfying three properties of Causality, Pure Product States, and Purification. In case (2), the existence of universal extensions follows from a symmetry property of Purification, whereby all pure bipartite states with the same marginal on one system are locally interconvertible. Crucially, our results hold even in theories that do not satisfy Local Tomography, the property that the state of any composite system can be identified from the correlations of local measurements. Summarizing, the existence of universal extensions, without any additional requirement of Local Tomography, is a sufficient guarantee for the characterizability of physical processes using a finite number of auxiliary systems.
description: 16 + 12 pages, new results added
Caching and Reproducibility: Making Data Science experiments faster and FAIRer
Creators: name: Schubotz, Moritz
name: Satpute, Ankit
name: Greiner-Petter, Andre
name: Aizawa, Akiko
name: Gipp, Bela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Small to medium-scale data science experiments often rely on research software developed ad-hoc by individual scientists or small teams. Often there is no time to make the research software fast, reusable, and open access. The consequence is twofold. First, subsequent researchers must spend significant work hours building upon the proposed hypotheses or experimental framework. In the worst case, others cannot reproduce the experiment and reuse the findings for subsequent research. Second, suppose the ad-hoc research software fails during often long-running computationally expensive experiments. In that case, the overall effort to iteratively improve the software and rerun the experiments creates significant time pressure on the researchers. We suggest making caching an integral part of the research software development process, even before the first line of code is written. This article outlines caching recommendations for developing research software in data science projects. Our recommendations provide a perspective to circumvent common problems such as propriety dependence, speed, etc. At the same time, caching contributes to the reproducibility of experiments in the open science workflow. Concerning the four guiding principles, i.e., Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability (FAIR), we foresee that including the proposed recommendation in a research software development will make the data related to that software FAIRer for both machines and humans. We exhibit the usefulness of some of the proposed recommendations on our recently completed research software project in mathematical information retrieval.
description: 8 pages, 1 table
An $L^p$ theory of sparse graph convergence II: LD convergence, quotients, and right convergence
Creators: name: Borgs, Christian
name: Chayes, Jennifer T.
name: Cohn, Henry
name: Zhao, Yufei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the $L^p$ theory of sparse graph limits, which was introduced in a companion paper, by analyzing different notions of convergence. Under suitable restrictions on node weights, we prove the equivalence of metric convergence, quotient convergence, microcanonical ground state energy convergence, microcanonical free energy convergence, and large deviation convergence. Our theorems extend the broad applicability of dense graph convergence to all sparse graphs with unbounded average degree, while the proofs require new techniques based on uniform upper regularity. Examples to which our theory applies include stochastic block models, power law graphs, and sparse versions of $W$-random graphs.
description: 48 pages
Образ личности гения. Искатели совершенства
Creators: name: Чернов Сергей Васильевич
Publisher: name: Философская школа
Year: 2017
Subjects: ОБРАЗ ЛИЧНОСТИ ГЕНИЯ
АНДРЕЙ РУБЛЕВ
ЛЕОНАРДО ДА ВИНЧИ
БЕНЕДИКТ СПИНОЗА
ИОГАНН ФОН ГЁТЕ
ОНОРЕ ДЕ БАЛЬЗАК
НИКОЛАЙ АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ БЕРДЯЕВ
СОЗИДАНИЕ
СОВЕРШЕНСТВО
ЧЕЛОВЕЧНОСТЬ

description: Исследование выполнено в рамках характерологии гениальности оригинального направления в науках о человеке, развиваемого автором, где основополагающим методом является представление образа личности гения. В статье представлены результаты изучения творческой жизни Андрея Рублева, Леонардо да Винчи, Бенедикта Спинозы, Иоганна фон Гёте, Оноре де Бальзака, Н. А. Бердяева, созидательная деятельность которых являет собой целостную картину неустанных поисков идеала совершенства. Гениальность указанных персоналий идентифицировалась на основании идеально-смыслового критерия гениальности, разработанного автором (см. статью Чернова С. В в журнале «Философская школа», № 1, 2017). В ходе исследования, указанный выше критерий гениальности, без ущерба самому этому критерию, был сформулирован более обобщённо и предельно кратко следующим образом: гений есть созидатель, ищущий совершенства.
Impact of photoexcitation on secondary electron emission: a Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Ouyang, Wenkai
name: Zuo, Xiangying
name: Liao, Bolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the transport of photogenerated charge carriers in semiconductors is crucial for applications in photovoltaics, optoelectronics and photo-detectors. While recent experimental studies using scanning ultrafast electron microscopy (SUEM) have demonstrated that the local change in the secondary electron emission induced by photoexcitation enables direct visualization of the photocarrier dynamics in space and time, the origin of the corresponding image contrast still remains unclear. Here, we investigate the impact of photoexcitation on secondary electron emissions from semiconductors using a Monte Carlo simulation aided by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Particularly, we examine two photo-induced effects: the generation of photo-carriers in the sample bulk, and the surface photovoltage (SPV) effect. Using doped silicon as a model system and focusing on primary electron energies below 1 keV, we found that both the hot photocarrier effect immediately after photoexcitation and the SPV effect play dominant roles in changing the secondary electron yield (SEY), while the distribution of photocarriers in the bulk leads to a negligible change in SEY. Our work provides insights into electron-matter interaction under photo-illumiation and paves the way towards a quantitative interpretation of the SUEM contrasts.
description: 6 figures
Correction to: Convergent numerical approximation of the stochastic total variation flow
Creators: name: Baňas, Ľubomír
name: Röckner, Michael
name: Wilke, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We correct two errors in our paper [4]. First error concerns the definition of the SVI solution, where a boundary term which arises due to the Dirichlet boundary condition, was not included. The second error concerns the discrete estimate [4, Lemma 4.4], which involves the discrete Laplace operator. We provide an alternative proof of the estimate in spatial dimension $d=1$ by using a mass lumped version of the discrete Laplacian. Hence, after a minor modification of the fully discrete numerical scheme the convergence in $d=1$ follows along the lines of the original proof. The convergence proof of the time semi-discrete scheme, which relies on the continuous counterpart of the estimate [4, Lemma 4.4], remains valid in higher spatial dimension. The convergence of the fully discrete finite element scheme from [4] in any spatial dimension is shown in [3] by using a different approach.
description: Stoch PDE: Anal Comp (2022)
Resummed Higgs boson cross section at next-to SV to $ \rm NNLO + \rm \overline {NNLL}$
Creators: name: Ajjath, A. H.
name: Mukherjee, Pooja
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Sankar, Aparna
name: Tiwari, Surabhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the resummed predictions for inclusive cross section for the production of Higgs boson at next-to-next-to leading logarithmic ($\rm \overline {NNLL}$) accuracy taking into account both soft-virtual ($\rm SV$) and next-to SV ($\rm NSV$) threshold logarithms. We derive the $N$-dependent coefficients and the $N$-independent constants in Mellin-$N$ space for our study. Using the minimal prescription we perform the inverse Mellin transformation and match it with the corresponding fixed order results. We report in detail the numerical impact of $N$-independent part of resummed result and explore the ambiguity involved in exponentiating them. By studying the K factors at different logarithmic accuracy, we find that the perturbative expansion shows better convergence improving the reliability of the prediction at $\rm NNLO + \overline{NNLL}$ accuracy. For instance, the cross-section at $\rm NNLO + \overline{NNLL}$ accuracy reduces by $3.15\%$ as compared to the $\rm NNLO$ result for the central scale $μ_R = μ_F = m_H/2$ at 13 TeV LHC. We also observe that the resummed $\rm SV + NSV$ result improves the renormalisation scale uncertainty at every order in perturbation theory. The uncertainty from the renormalisation scale $μ_R$ ranges between $(+8.85\% ,-10.12\%)$ at $\rm NNLO$ whereas it goes down to $(+6.54\% , - 8.32\%)$ at $\rm NNLO + \overline{NNLL}$ accuracy. However, the factorisation scale uncertainty is worsened by the inclusion of these NSV logarithms hinting the importance of resummation beyond $\rm NSV$ terms. We also present our predictions for $\rm SV + NSV$ resummed result at different collider energies.
description: 51 pages, 6 Figures
Investigation of nanofluid molten salts in a thermocline tank as a thermal energy storage system
Creators: name: Nattadon Pannucharoenwong
name: Snunkhaem Echaroj
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Quaternary molten salts
Nanoparticle
Nanofluid
CSP
Thermal efficiency

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 1 (7 pages)
A method for real-time volumetric imaging in radiotherapy using single x-ray projection
Creators: name: Xu, Yuan
name: Yan, Hao
name: Ouyang, Luo
name: Wang, Jing
name: Zhou, Linghong
name: Cervino, Laura
name: Jiang, Steve B.
name: Jia, Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new method to generate an instantaneous volumetric image using a single x-ray projection. To fully extract motion information hidden in projection images, we partitioned a projection image into small patches. We utilized a sparse learning method to automatically select patches that have a high correlation with principal component analysis (PCA) coefficients of a lung motion model. A model that maps the patch intensity to the PCA coefficients is built along with the patch selection process. Based on this model, a measured projection can be used to predict the PCA coefficients, which are further used to generate a motion vector field and hence a volumetric image. We have also proposed an intensity baseline correction method based on the partitioned projection, where the first and the second moments of pixel intensities at a patch in a simulated image are matched with those in a measured image via a linear transformation. The proposed method has been valid in simulated data and real phantom data. The algorithm is able to identify patches that contain relevant motion information, e.g. diaphragm region. It is found that intensity correction step is important to remove the systematic error in the motion prediction. For the simulation case, the sparse learning model reduced prediction error for the first PCA coefficient to 5%, compared to the 10% error when sparse learning is not used. 95th percentile error for the predicted motion vector is reduced from 2.40 mm to 0.92mm. In the phantom case, the predicted tumor motion trajectory is successfully reconstructed with 0.82 mm mean vector field error compared to 1.66 mm error without using the sparse learning method. The algorithm robustness with respect to sparse level, patch size, and existence of diaphragm, as well as computation time, has also been studied.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (61)]
Creators: name: Venturino
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1425
Subjects: subject: Bischofsurkunde
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Venturino de Marni, Bischof von Cremona und comes, verpachtet dem Conradinus, Sohn des verstorbenen Johannes de Oleo, aus der Nachbarschaft Maioris Pischariae in Cremona ein Stück Land samt Haus, gelegen ebendort, für einen Zeitraum von neun Jahren.
Quasar Ionization Front Lyα Emission in an Inhomogeneous Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: McQuinn, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conditions within the ionization front of a quasar during reionization (T ~ 30,000 K, neutral hydrogen fraction ~ 0.5) are ideal for producing Lyman-alpha emission via collisional excitation of hydrogen atoms. Observations of this emission, which could subtend >10 arcmin$^2$ on the sky, would definitively demonstrate the presence of a neutral intergalactic medium at the observed epoch, placing valuable constraints on the progress of reionization. We find that the expected Lyman-alpha surface brightness is significantly weaker than previously determined and may be impossible to observe with current and near-future instruments. Past work calculated the Lyman-alpha emission from a quasar ionization front in a homogeneous medium with a clumping factor approximation to account for inhomogeneities. We find using 1D radiative transfer calculations that this approximation overestimates the emission by a factor of >3. Our calculations model the propagation of ionizing photons and compute the Lyman-alpha emission from quasar ionization fronts on sightlines from a hydrodynamic cosmological simulation at z = 7.1. To better understand the physical properties of the emission, we also develop an analytic model that accurately describes the results of the full radiative transfer calculation.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Adjoint-based uncertainty quantification for inhomogeneous friction on a slow-slipping fault
Creators: name: Ito, Shin-ichi
name: Kano, Masayuki
name: Nagao, Hiromichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-term slow-slip events (LSSEs) usually occur on the deep, shallow parts of subducting plates and have substantial relation with adjacent megathrust fault motion. Conventional techniques of quantifying slow earthquake frictional features show that these features may be indicative of predictive seismic motion; however, quantifying high-accuracy uncertainty of the frictional fields has not yet been achieved. We therefore propose a method of uncertainty quantification for spatially inhomogeneous frictional features from slip motion on an LSSE fault--megathrust fault complex in southwestern Japan. By combining a fault motion model that mimics slow-slip motion and a variational data assimilation (DA) technique using a second-order adjoint method, we have succeeded in quantifying the spatial distribution of the uncertainty of the frictional features. Further, evaluation of the spatial distribution in high-resolution reveals the correlation between the dynamics of the slow-slip motion and the important components of the frictional features, which is valuable information for observational DA design. Findings from this study are expected to advance the theoretical foundation of applied seismic motion prediction techniques using slow-slip frictional features as stress meters for megaquakes, as well as improve understanding of the relationship between the slow-slip motion and frictional parameters of a fault.
Poly(lactic acid) microspheres for local delivery of bioinorganics for applications in bone regeneration
Creators: name: Z. Tahmasebi Birgani
name: B. J. Klotz
name: C. A. Van Blitterswijk
name: P. Habibovic
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2014
Subjects: bioinorganics
poly(lactic acid) microspheres
calcium release
single emulsion-solvent evaporation technique
osteogenic differentiation

description: Bioinorganics are a family of relatively simple and inexpensive inorganic compounds, which, although often present only in trace amounts, are known to play an important role in the normal functioning of organs and tissues, including bone. Bioinorganics can potentially be used for improving the clinical performance of synthetic bone graft substitutes, as an alternative to growth factors and other biologies. To this end, it is imperative to fully understand their mechanism of action. Currently, bioinorganics are usually incorporated into calcium phosphate and bioglasses. During degradation, these materials release a cocktail of ions, making the study of the effect of the bioinorganic of interest difficult, if not impossible. To overcome this issue, in the present study we attempted to develop a delivery system for bioinorganics based on polymeric microspheres. Calcium chloride, as a model for bioinorganics, was incorporated into poly(lactic acid) microspheres, using a single emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. These microspheres were used to study the effect of the released calcium ions on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in a trans-well culture system. The results showed that it was possible to incorporate calcium into the microspheres and that the efficiency of incorporation could be increased by increasing the initial amount of poly(lactic acid), and by using sonication instead of mechanical force during the emulsification step. Furthermore, the release profile of calcium from the microspheres was also dependent on the emulsification method. Cell culture experiments revealed no effect on cell proliferation or alkaline phosphatase activity as a consequence of calcium release, however, the gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and osteopontin was increased when cells were cultured in the presence of calcium containing microspheres. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that it is possible to use the developed polymeric delivery system to study the specific chemical effects of bioinorganics on the cells behavior.
Fermilab Program and Plans
Creators: name: Denisov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is a short summary of the talk presented at 2014 Instrumentation Conference in Novosibirsk about Fermilab's experimental program and future plans. It includes brief description of the P5 long term planning progressing in US as well as discussion of the future accelerators considered at Fermilab.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Spherical collapse of non-top-hat profiles in the presence of dark energy with arbitrary sound speed
Creators: name: Batista, R. C.
name: de Oliveira, H. P.
name: Abramo, L. R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spherical collapse of non-top-hat matter fluctuations in the presence of dark energy with arbitrary sound speed. The model is described by a system of partial differential equations solved using a pseudo-spectral method with collocation points. This method can reproduce the known analytical solutions in the linear regime with an accuracy better than $10^{-6}\%$ and better than $10^{-2}\%$ for the virialization threshold given by the usual spherical collapse model. We show the impact of nonlinear dark energy fluctuations on matter profiles, matter peculiar velocity and gravitational potential. We also show that phantom dark energy models with low sound speed can develop a pathological behaviour around matter halos, namely negative energy density. The dependence of the virialization threshold density for collapse on the dark energy sound speed is also computed, confirming and extending previous results in the limit for homogeneous and clustering dark energy.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Neutrino Telescope in Lake Baikal: Present and Nearest Future
Creators: name: Belolaptikov, I.
name: Dzhilkibaev, Zh. -A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progress in the construction and operation of the Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector in Lake Baikal is reported. The detector is designed for search for high energy neutrinos whose sources are not yet reliably identified. It currently includes 2304 optical modules arranged on 64 strings, providing an effective volume of 0.4 km3 for cascades with energy above 100 TeV. We review the scientific case for Baikal-GVD, the construction plan, and first results from the partially built experiment, which is currently the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern Hemisphere and still growing up.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, Proceedings for the ICRC 2021 conference
Podmiotowość prawa w państwie konstytucyjnym
Creators: name: Mroziński, Juliusz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 480702
subject: Constitutional law

description: The purpose of the study is to show the law - on the one hand perceived as a self-contained system, on the other hand as a socio-cultural fact - in the role of a subject co-creating the society and the state. Considerations include the perspective of the structural relationship of law with the state, as well as with the system of social norms, with culture and with the international normative system.