cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Taylor, Marika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two measures of entanglement in quantum field theory and their holographic realizations. For field theories admitting a global symmetry, we introduce a global symmetry entanglement entropy, associated with the partitioning of the symmetry group. This quantity is proposed to be related to the generalized holographic entanglement entropy defined via the partitioning of the internal space of the bulk geometry. The second measure of quantum field theory entanglement is the field space entanglement entropy, obtained by integrating out a subset of the quantum fields. We argue that field space entanglement entropy cannot be precisely realised geometrically in a holographic dual. However, for holographic geometries with interior decoupling regions, the differential entropy provides a close analogue to the field space entanglement entropy. We derive generic descriptions of such inner throat regions in terms of gravity coupled to massive scalars and show how the differential entropy in the throat captures features of the field space entanglement entropy.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures
title: Parità ed empowerment di genere: strumenti giuridici, programmi e politiche internazionali, regionali e nazionali. Seconda edizione riveduta
Creators: name: Pagliuca, Mariella
name: Carletti, Cristiana
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2023

description:

La seconda edizione riveduta propone una riflessione aggiornata del tema, che prende atto delle dinamiche materiali e procedurali proprie delle tematiche di genere, senza dubbio contraddistinte da una marcata rapidità a partire dal XXI secolo. La metodologia d’indagine adoperata nella prima sezione utilizza, quale chiave di lettura, una specifica attenzione sia al linguaggio negoziale che viene trasfuso nei molteplici documenti adottati in seno ad alcune tra le principali Organizzazioni intergovernative, per un impatto di chiara portata giuridica o, altrimenti, strategico-programmatica, sia agli strumenti d’indagine e di valutazione quantitativa e qualitativa delle dinamiche inerenti la promozione dei diritti delle donne e delle ragazze e dell’empowerment femminile. Nella seconda sezione si offre un aggiornamento dell’assetto giuridico e strategico nazionale, che negli ultimi anni ha conosciuto un rinnovato impulso in termini di produzione di atti e documenti orientati alla promozione della parità di genere.
Non-Abelian braiding of light
Creators: name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Schuster, Thomas
name: Chamon, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many topological phenomena first proposed and observed in the context of electrons in solids have recently found counterparts in photonic and acoustic systems. In this work, we demonstrate that non-Abelian Berry phases can arise when coherent states of light are injected into "topological guided modes" in specially-fabricated photonic waveguide arrays. These modes are photonic analogues of topological zero modes in electronic systems. Light traveling inside spatially well-separated topological guided modes can be braided, leading to the accumulation of non-Abelian phases, which depend on the order in which the guided beams are wound around one another. Notably, these effects survive the limit of large photon occupation, and can thus also be understood as wave phenomena arising directly from Maxwell's equations, without resorting to the quantization of light. We propose an optical interference experiment as a direct probe of this non-Abelian braiding of light.
description: 5+13 pages, 2+3 figures; v4 has stylistic revisions to the main text and expanded SM featuring new numerical results providing direct confirmation of non-Abelian braiding, as well as a discussion of the relationship to Majorana zero modes. Accepted in PRL
title: 'Sacrifice and compromise': the lived experiences of regional adolescent girls in regional Victoria, Australia who have dropped out of organised sport
Creators: name: Carey, Lukas
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 110699 Human Movement and Sports Science not elsewhere classified

description: Recent research has demonstrated that the rate of dropout from sport by adolescent girls throughout regional Australia continues to increase. In response to this phenomenon and to the nature of the research into it, this study investigated the lived experiences of 12 female participants from a regional Australian area who had dropped out of sport during their adolescent years. More specifically the studies main research question was “What are the lived experiences of regional adolescent girls in relation to their participation in and dropout from sport? The study had two sub-research questions attached to it that asked: “How do adolescent girls explain the reasons for their dropout from sport?” and “What can be learnt from the lived experiences of the adolescent girls who have dropped out of sport to make a difference toward decreasing its prevalence? The study was framed conceptually by a synthesis of interpretative and hermeneutic phenomenology and Bronfenbrenner's ecological development theory, drawn from interpretivist philosophy. Adopting a methodological approach using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the study used focus groups and individual interviews with 12 participants to collect data. The data analysis process followed a spiral process that enabled the revisiting of steps in the process to ensure the rigour of the data and the process itself. These themes indicated that the dropout from sport by adolescent girls is individualised depending upon the individual girl concerned, and it is complex for girls more generally. It involves negative influence from peers, families, coaches, sporting clubs and the media, all of whom influence the girls’ decision to dropout from sport. The study demonstrates that the participants were required to make undue compromise and to deal with unwanted pressures via individual, community and situational means. Pressures from these were shown to often result in the adolescent girls premature dropout from sport. In order to address these concerns, the study recommends that a combination of institutional, educational and structural changes in sport, education and the media are required to deal with the phenomenon of adolescent girls’ dropout from sport. More broadly, the study contributes to practice-related, methodological, theoretical and policy knowledge pertaining to this phenomenon.
Strategic Allies: AQIM, the MNLA, and the people of Northern Mali
Creators: name: O'Luanaigh, Robin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: During the 2012 Malian civil war, one of the main actors was Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Al-Qaeda’s most profitable regional franchise. As a result of the group’s specific interactions with the MNLA, an ethno-separatist militia that instigated the civil war in the first place, and the civilian population of Northern Mali broadly, AQIM was able to entrench itself within and ultimately control much of Northern Mali. This research demonstrates the three key elements of AQIM’s success in Mali. First, the group sought local support by doing two things: allying with the MNLA, which gave AQIM access to the region’s ethnically-Tuareg population and providing assistance to Northern Mali’s civilians broadly in an attempt to win their “hearts and minds.” Second, AQIM was able to eliminate its competition in the area when it ended its alliance with the MNLA, after the group abused local civilians, and expelled the MNLA from Northern Mali. And finally, with the support of new local actors like the Tuareg-Islamist group Ansar Dine, AQIM was able to implement its fundamentalist interpretations of Sharia across the territory it now controlled. Gaining support from the local population, eliminating the competition and ultimately implementing its ideology across Northern Mali are the three elements to AQIM’s success.
Code of the "Indicator 1.1.4: Heat Related Mortality" in "The 2022 Europe report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change"
Creators: name: Ballester, Joan
name: Achebak, Hicham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Code of the "Indicator 1.1.4: Heat Related Mortality" in "The 2022 Europe report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change"
description: {"references": ["https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00197-9"]}
Uncovering a Shipwreck in the Pamlico Sound: Connecting Science to a Community
Creators: name: Mackinson, India
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The Pappy’s Lane shipwreck, named after a nearby road in North Carolina’s Outer Banks, was forgotten. What it was, where it came from, and how it got there was lost knowledge — until the North Carolina Department of Transportation decided to build a bridge. Before construction began, N.C. DOT funded a maritime archaeology project to uncover the wreck’s story, ultimately finding it was a World War II gunboat that served in the Battle of Okinawa. The rediscovery garnered media attention from regional and local newspapers and served as a unique science communication opportunity. This thesis expands upon the communication efforts made during the project, investigating the complex relationship between people and their environment through a multimedia website hosting journalistic articles about the wreck and the Outer Banks. This thesis also explores the effectiveness of online multimedia as a science communication tool through a literature review, which concludes with the recommendation for more research and interdisciplinary collaboration on the subject.
Orbital-Selective Mott Transition and Evolution of the Zhang-Rice State in Cubic Phase UO$_{2}$ Under Pressure
Creators: name: Huang, Li
name: Wang, Yilin
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic structure of cubic phase uranium dioxide at different volumes using a combination of density functional theory and dynamical mean-field theory. The \emph{ab initio} calculations predict an orbital-selective Mott insulator-metal transition at a moderate pressure of $\approx 45$ GPa. At this pressure the $j=5/2$ states become metallic, while the $j=7/2$ states remain insulating up to about 60 GPa. In the metallic state, we observe a rapid decrease of the 5$f$ occupation and total angular momentum with pressure. Simultaneously, the generalized Zhang-Rice state, which is of predominantly $j=5/2$ character, quickly disappears after the transition into the metallic phase.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Discovering the interactions between neurodegenerative genes and the metabolic pathways of AMP-activated protein kinase
Creators: name: Gupta, Apoorva
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic enzyme that is essential for maintaining homeostasis because it contributes to the regulation of energetic processes such as glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation. Recent studies using Drosophila melanogaster suggest that AMPK signaling may also be linked to neurodegeneration. In this study, we sought to identify genes associated with neurodegeneration that may interact with AMPK metabolic pathways. Drosophila strains with neurodegenerative mutations were screened for interactions with AMPK using the Gal4-UAS system, a method commonly used to examine gene expression. Using this model, strains that result in viable offspring when AMPK is knocked down indicate that the genes corresponding to these strains compensate for the lack of expression of AMPK signaling. We have identified a gene related to neurodegeneration, NMNAT, that partially rescues viability of flies with suppressed AMPK activity. Further research on NMNAT and other genes that show promising results can reveal the potential of AMPK signaling as a new means of therapy for related neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases.
A Search for AGN Intra-day Variability with KVN
Creators: name: Lee, Taeseok
name: Trippe, Sascha
name: Oh, Junghwan
name: Byun, Do-Young
name: Sohn, Bong-Won
name: Lee, Sang-Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known for irregular variability on all time scales, down to intra-day variability with relative variations of a few percent within minutes to hours. On such short timescales, unexplored territory, such as the possible existence of a shortest characteristic time scale of activity and the shape of the high frequency end of AGN power spectra, still exists. We present the results of AGN single-dish fast photometry performed with the Korean VLBI Network (KVN). Observations were done in a "anti-correlated" mode using two antennas, with always at least one antenna pointing at the target. This results in an effective time resolution of less than three minutes. We used all four KVN frequencies, 22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz, in order to trace spectral variability, if any. We were able to derive high-quality light curves for 3C 111, 3C 454.3, and BL Lacertae at 22 and 43 GHz, and for 3C 279 at 86 GHz, between May 2012 and April 2013. We performed a detailed statistical analysis in order to assess the levels of variability and the corresponding upper limits. We found upper limits on flux variability ranging from $\sim$1.6% to $\sim$7.6%. The upper limits on the derived brightness temperatures exceed the inverse Compton limit by three to six orders of magnitude. From our results, plus comparison with data obtained by the University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory, we conclude that we have not detected source-intrinsic variability which would have to occur at sub-per cent levels.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. To appear in JKAS (received 2015 July 27; accepted 2015 October 26)
The Geography of Local Education Reform: An Analysis of Renaissance 2010 and Gentrification
Creators: name: Kearney, Caitlin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015

description: Since 2004 the Chicago Public Schools has implemented Renaissance 2010—a policy of closing failing schools and opening new, usually charter, schools in their stead. While this policy has received support from traditional Chicago institutions as well as Chicago’s business and civic elite, individuals in communities affected by school openings and closings pose an alternative narrative. Many of these individuals claim that Renaissance 2010 harms their children’s academic progress. Some even claim that Renaissance 2010 is a method to attract middle-class families to the area by closing and rebranding community schools as charter schools. This paper seeks to test that second claim, specifically the relationship between Renaissance 2010 and gentrification. Information on the locations of school openings and closings, demographics of schools between 2000 and 2010, and 2000 census and 2009 American Community Survey data reveal that there is a significant, positive relationship between the locations of school changes and neighborhood gentrification. However, new schools opening in these communities serve the same demographics of all other schools in the area. While these findings do not speak to intention or causality and therefore cannot fully validate community members’ alternative narrative, they do give credence to their claim.
Do Obese Individuals Have Less Cross-Reactive, Non-Neutralizing Antibodies to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus?
Creators: name: Khan, Mahreed Rahman
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Background: Obesity has recently become a major global health concern as the worldwide population of those who are obese has increased to over 1 billion overweight adults. Recent studies suggest that obesity is a risk factor for severity of influenza virus, especially during the 2009 pandemic H1N1 outbreak. During the 2009 influenza pandemic, it was found that while overall severity to pH1N1 was mild, obese individuals had higher rates of hospitalization and severity than healthy weight individuals. The mechanism for impaired immunity in obese individuals will be explored.
Objective: To determine if naïve obese individuals have less pre-existing cross-reactive, non-neutralizing antibodies to pH1N1 proteins NP, M1 and HA than healthy weight individuals.
Results: The average M1 antibody OD value in healthy weight patients was found to be 1.12 while average OD value in obese patients was found to be 1.01. The average NP antibody OD value in healthy weight patients was found to be 0.91 while the average antibody OD value in obese patients was found to be 0.97. The average HA antibody OD for healthy weight patients was 1.32 while the average antibody OD value for obese patients was 1.28. None of these differences were significant.
Conclusion: Obese individuals had similar levels of pre-existing, non-neutralizing, cross-reactive antibodies to pH1N1 compared with healthy weight individuals. Mechanism for impaired immunity in obese individuals likely lies elsewhere.
Quasidiagonality of nuclear C*-algebras
Creators: name: Tikuisis, Aaron
name: White, Stuart
name: Winter, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that faithful traces on separable and nuclear C*-algebras in the UCT class are quasidiagonal. This has a number of consequences. Firstly, by results of many hands, the classification of unital, separable, simple and nuclear C*-algebras of finite nuclear dimension which satisfy the UCT is now complete. Secondly, our result links the finite to the general version of the Toms-Winter conjecture in the expected way and hence clarifies the relation between decomposition rank and nuclear dimension. Finally, we confirm the Rosenberg conjecture: discrete, amenable groups have quasidiagonal C*-algebras.
description: 48 pages; minor changes. Ann. of Math., to appear
In vivo deep tissue imaging using wavefront shaping optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Yu, Hyeonseung
name: Lee, Jaehyun Peter
name: Lee, KyeoReh
name: Jang, Jaeduck
name: Lim, Jaeguyn
name: Jang, Wooyoung
name: Jeong, Yong
name: Park, YongKeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple light scattering in tissue limits the penetration of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. Here, we present in-vivo OCT imaging of a live mouse using wavefront shaping to enhance the penetration depth. A digital micro-mirror device (DMD) was used in a spectral-domain OCT system for complex wavefront shaping of an incident beam which resulted in the optimal delivery of light energy into deep tissue. Ex-vivo imaging of chicken breasts and mouse ear tissues showed enhancements in the strength of the image signals and the penetration depth, and in-vivo imaging of the tail of a live mouse provided a multilayered structure inside the tissue, otherwise invisible in conventional OCT imaging. Signal enhancements by a factor of 3-7 were acquired for various experimental conditions and samples.
Elucidating Mechanisms Underlying Age- and Obesity- Related Breast Cancer Progression
Creators: name: Sheth, Nishita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Background: Obesity and advanced age are two major risk factors associated with increased breast cancer (BC) risk and progression. While mechanisms underlying the obesity-BC link are emerging, preclinical and clinical studies typically do not incorporate age as a relevant biological variable that may interact with obesity and other risk factors. Due to systemic features shared between advanced age and obesity, including chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, we tested the hypothesis that advanced age and obesity similarly enhance BC growth in part through modulation of tumor-intrinsic features.   Methods: Young lean, young obese, and aged lean mice received orthotopic transplantation of metM-Wntlung (claudin-low subtype) BC cells into the mammary tissue. Tumor growth was monitored via biweekly palpations, and tumor and lung tissues were excised and stored at study endpoint for subsequent analyses. Lungs were analyzed histologically for metastasis. Differential tumor gene expression was profiled with Affymetrix microarray, analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and validated by RT-PCR. Results: Young obese and aged lean mice (relative to young lean mice) displayed accelerated tumor growth and increased tumor mass. Metastasis analysis suggests greater incidence of metastasis in young obese mice compared to young lean and aged lean.  Gene expression analyses demonstrate that tumors from aged lean and young obese (relative to young, lean mice) were commonly enriched for genes relating to tumor aggression (e.g. epithelial and mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis) and negatively enriched for markers of antitumor immunity.Conclusions: These findings confirm that obesity and advanced age accelerate BC progression and reveal common biological changes that occur within the tumor microenvironment of aged and obese mice. Further investigation into these age- and obesity-related alterations could provide insight into potential therapeutic targets to improve outcomes for older and/or obese patients.
Bound on the slope of steady water waves with favorable vorticity
Creators: name: Strauss, Walter A.
name: Wheeler, Miles H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the angle $θ$ of inclination (with respect to the horizontal) of the profile of a steady 2D inviscid symmetric periodic or solitary water wave subject to gravity. Although $θ$ may surpass 30$^\circ$ for some irrotational waves close to the extreme wave, Amick [Ami87] proved that for any irrotational wave the angle must be less than 31.15$^\circ$. Is the situation similar for periodic or solitary waves that are not irrotational? The extreme Gerstner wave has infinite depth, adverse vorticity and vertical cusps ($θ= 90^\circ$). Moreover, numerical calculations show that even waves of finite depth can overturn if the vorticity is adverse. In this paper, on the other hand, we prove an upper bound of 45$^\circ$ on $θ$ for a large class of waves with favorable vorticity and finite depth. In particular, the vorticity can be any constant with the favorable sign. We also prove a series of general inequalities on the pressure within the fluid, including the fact that any overturning wave must have a pressure sink.
description: 21 pages, manuscript completed February 2015
title: The significance of accountability mandates in early childhood classrooms: exploring challenges to constructivist perspectives
Creators: name: Price, Elaine
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: 130102 Early Childhood Education (excl. Maori)

description: The mandated reforms and accountability measures imposed upon Early Childhood Education (ECE) in the United States via the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act have had significant impact on the experience of teachers. Opinion has been divided as the educational priority of policy-makers differs from and constrains what many ECE practitioners consider as developmentally appropriate pedagogy. Many argue that developmentally appropriate teaching in ECE has been usurped by the imposition of standardized testing regimes and the time required for test preparation. In addition, explicit teaching practices and a focus on academics, rather than learning through play and other holistic practices, have epistemologically challenged constructivist approaches to contemporary practice. The governmental policy assumption has been that the measurement of a child’s knowledge will improve outcomes. As a result, (and as a broad global phenomenon) ECE has become under increasing pressure to prepare young children through a service provision that requires testing to deliver outcomes that are measurable. In order to develop insight into how mandated reforms have been managed ‘at the coalface’ this study investigates the lived experience of a purposive sample of 10 volunteer ECE practitioners. The investigation sets out to discover how the new reforms have created dilemmas in their practice and how they manage the introduced mandates in light of their epistemological beliefs and perspectives regarding play and other holistic, developmentally appropriate educational practices. The study takes a phenomenological case study approach that is designed to generate researcher rapport and sensitivity to the views and lived experience of participants and also to allow their voices to be heard. In addition, a constructivist grounded theory method explicates important themes identified through a theoretical lens that views a range of dilemmas as they arise in pedagogical practice. This study deepens our understanding of the issues and dilemmas faced by ECE practitioners as they adapt to impositions on pedagogical practice. The findings affirm that the perspectives of teachers matter and they highlight the value attributed to the importance of play as part of ECE pedagogy. In addition, insight is presented into the complex decision making processes required when pragmatically adapting to and navigating constraining workplace conditions.
Methanol Observation of IRAS 19312+1950: A Possible New Type of Class I Methanol Masers
Creators: name: Nakashima, Jun-ichi
name: Sobolev, Andrej M.
name: Salii, Svetlana V.
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Yung, Bosco H. K.
name: Deguchi, Shuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the result of a systematic methanol observation toward IRAS 19312+1950. The properties of the SiO, H2O and OH masers of this object are consistent with those of mass-losing evolved stars, but some other properties are difficult to explain in the standard scheme of stellar evolution in its late stage. Interestingly, a tentative detection of radio methanol lines was suggested toward this object by a previous observation. To date, there are no confirmed detections of methanol emission towards evolved stars, so investigation of this possible detection is important to better understand the circumstellar physical/chemical environment of IRAS 19312+1950. In this study, we systematically observed multiple methanol lines of IRAS 19312+1950 in the lambda=3mm, 7mm, and 13mm bands, and detected 6 lines including 4 thermal lines and 2 class I maser lines. We derived basic physical parameters including kinetic temperature and relative abundances by fitting a radiative transfer model. According to the derived excitation temperature and line profiles, a spherically expanding outflow lying at the center of the nebulosity is excluded from the possibilities for methanol emission regions. The detection of class I methanol maser emission suggests that a shock region is involved in the system of IRAS 19312+1950. If the central star of IRAS 19312+1950 is an evolved star as suggested in the past, the class I maser detected in the present observation is the first case detected in an interaction region between an evolved star outflow and ambient molecular gas.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables. PASJ in press
Architecture-Based Attack Path Analysis for Identifying Potential Security Incidents
Creators: name: Walter, Maximilian
name: Heinrich, Robert
name: Reussner, Ralf
Publisher: name: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Year: 2023

description: Manually estimating an attack path to a targeted software element can be complex since a software system consists of multiple vulnerable elements, such as components, hardware resources, or network elements. In addition, the elements are protected by access control. Software architecture describes the structural elements of the system, which may form elements of the attack path. However, estimating attack paths is complex since different attack paths can lead to a targeted element. Additionally, not all attack paths might be relevant since attack paths can have different properties based on the attacker's capabilities and knowledge. We developed an approach that enables architects to identify relevant attack paths based on the software architecture. We created a metamodel for filtering options and added support for describing attack paths in an architectural description language. Based on this metamodel, we developed an analysis that automatically estimates attack paths using the software architecture. This can help architects to identify relevant attack paths to a targeted component and increase the system's overall security. We evaluated our approach on five different scenarios. Our evaluation goals are to investigate our analysis's accuracy and scalability. The results suggest a high accuracy and good runtime behavior for smaller architectures.
Multiferroic heterostructures for spin filter application - an ab initio study
Creators: name: Borek, Stephan
name: Braun, Jürgen
name: Ebert, Hubert
name: Minár, Ján
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel imaging spin-filter techniques, which are based on low energy electron diffraction, are currently of high scientific interest. To improve the spin-detection efficiency a variety of new materials have been introduced in recent years. A new class of promising spin-filter materials are represented by multiferroic systems, as both magnetic and electric ordering exist in these materials. We have investigated Fe/BaTiO3(001), which defines a prominent candidate due to its moderate spontaneous polarization, for spin filter applications calculating diffraction patterns for spin polarized electrons incident on the Fe surface. Motivated by the fact that spin polarized low energy electron diffraction is a powerful method for the determination of the properties of surfaces we investigated the influence of switching the BaTiO3 polarization on the exchange and spin orbit scattering as well as on reflectivity and figure of merit. This system obviously offers the possibility to realize a multiferroic spin filter and manipulating the spin-orbit and exchange scattering by an external electric field. The calculations have been done for a large range of kinetic energies and polar angles of the diffracted electrons considering different numbers of Fe monolayers.
Subscriptions versus Advertisements - Community Newspaper Business Models in a Digital Age
Creators: name: Short, Randall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: For small, community newspapers, the shift to digital might represent a larger unknown. Community papers face smaller circulation and have fewer resources than large, national outlets. However, community papers also have the advantage of loyal readers and fewer competitors.
To understand how community newspapers companies can navigate the shifting news landscape, I researched the most appropriate digital business models for community news companies. The topic of digital media business models encompasses the conceptual areas of digital advertising, paid content, news consumption habits, and community newspaper’s place in the community. A company must align its revenue streams to the habits and values of its customers. Digital advertising will only be viable given high traffic and demand from advertisers. Paid content will only be viable given differentiated content and readers who are willing to pay. The literature on these conceptual areas helped inform my research by providing a theoretical foundation upon which I can add.
Causality Constraints in Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Hartman, Thomas
name: Jain, Sachin
name: Kundu, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causality places nontrivial constraints on QFT in Lorentzian signature, for example fixing the signs of certain terms in the low energy Lagrangian. In d-dimensional conformal field theory, we show how such constraints are encoded in crossing symmetry of Euclidean correlators, and derive analogous constraints directly from the conformal bootstrap (analytically). The bootstrap setup is a Lorentzian four-point function corresponding to propagation through a shockwave. Crossing symmetry fixes the signs of certain log terms that appear in the conformal block expansion, which constrains the interactions of low-lying operators. As an application, we use the bootstrap to rederive the well known sign constraint on the $(\partialϕ)^4$ coupling in effective field theory, from a dual CFT. We also find constraints on theories with higher spin conserved currents. Our analysis is restricted to scalar correlators, but we argue that similar methods should also impose nontrivial constraints on the interactions of spinning operators.
description: 52 pages; minor changes, conclusions unchanged
title: Terrorist choice and the media
Creators: name: Pohl, Gabriela
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190399 Journalism and Professional Writing not elsewhere classified
subject: 160201 Causes and Prevention of Crime
subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: 190299 Film, Television and Digital Media not elsewhere classified

description: Studies in ‘terrorism and the media’ begin with the proposition that terrorists view media attention as important and desirable. These studies usually proceed by examining the characteristics of this media attention, especially volume. To the extent that they touch on terrorist behaviour at all, these studies tend to deal with terrorists’ media strategies which are strongly tied to the terrorists’ desire for media attention and predominantly assume that terrorists simple choose the action that has had the highest media attention accorded to it. This approach is disconnected from the study of underlying terrorist behaviour, especially terrorists’ choice of action, and obscures the most important elements of this behaviour behind the general proposition of the desirability of media attention. By contrast, this thesis recognises that terrorist choice is shaped by the media attention that is accorded to each type of terrorist action. Viewed in this way, terrorism is not simply a generic means by which terrorists obtain media attention. This new approach allows us to account for observed terrorist behaviour that cannot be incorporated into an analytical framework that simply depicts terrorists as choosing the single action that maximises media attention. Among its contributions, the analysis presented in this thesis accounts for: (a) choices of actions that are not expected to yield maximum media attention, (b) combinations of more than one action and (c) situations in which terrorists choose their action with reference to the media attention accorded to the actions of rival groups. The analytical work is supported by significant independent archival research that collected the media coverage accorded to every act of terrorism perpetrated in West-Germany during the 1970s, a period when groups such as the Red Army Faction, 2nd June Movement and the Revolutionary Cells vied for their position in the terrorism context and demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of the media. By measuring the media attention accorded to individual actions, this thesis overcomes certain analytical weaknesses that emerge when broader, more general, data is used. Only when the media attention that has been accorded to each type of action is collected and measured can a study of terrorist choice of action be effectively undertaken.
Ultra-small phase estimation via weak measurement technique with postselection
Creators: name: Fang, Chen
name: Huang, Jing-Zheng
name: Yu, Yang
name: Li, Qin-Zheng
name: Zeng, Guihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak measurement is a novel technique for parameter estimation with higher precision. In this paper we develop a general theory for the parameter estimation based on weak measurement technique with arbitrary postselection. The previous weak value amplification model and the joint weak measurement model are two special cases in our theory. Applying the developed theory, the time-delay estimation is investigated in both theory and experiment. Experimental results shows that when the time-delay is ultra small, the joint weak measurement scheme outperforms the weak value amplification scheme, and is robust against not only the misalignment errors but also the wavelength-dependence of the optical components. These results are consistent with the theoretical predictions that has not been verified by any experiment before.
description: 8 pages with 8 figures
Beyond A Cisgender Genesis: Reading the Creation Narratives Through a Transgender Feminist Lens
Creators: name: Edwards, Averyl
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In this study I examine the scholarship of the last few decades which has revisited the Genesis creation narratives for their potential to yield an exegesis that does not relegate women, queer people, or transgender people to a secondary status in the text. I go systematically through the first three chapters of Genesis, synthesizing various hermeneutical approaches by Hebrew Bible scholars, activists, archaeologists, journalists, and theologians to evaluate the validity of their claims of equality and inclusion in light of their preservation of the sex and gender binaries, which cannot easily, if at all, be separated from heterosexist cissexist patriarchy. To address the sex and gender binary created in the first narrative, I focus on readings of Genesis 1:27 as the creation of a sexually dimorphic species that includes a wide range of sexuated manifestations. The male primogeniture and potential for gender roles of Genesis 2 are addressed by emphasizing the creation of gender primarily for the purpose of distinguishing self from other. In Genesis 3, the curses can be read as the unfortunate hierarchical consequence of the introduction of power and the ability to exploit that comes from knowledge of good and evil, a product of human failing rather than a divine preference for gender inequality. I conclude that a trans- woman- and queer-inclusive exegesis is possible through combining elements of various scholars’ interpretations.
Light mediated emergence of surface patterns in azopolymers at low temperatures
Creators: name: Teboul, V.
name: Barille, R.
name: Tajalli, P.
name: Ahmadi-Kandjani, S.
name: Tajalli, H.
name: Zielinska, S.
name: Ortyl, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer thin films doped with azobenzene molecules do have the ability to organize themselves in spontaneous surface relief gratings (SRG) under irradiation with a single polarized beam. To shed some light in this still unexplained phenomenon, we use a new method that permits us to access experimentally the very first steps of the pattern formation process. Decreasing the temperature, we slow down the formation and organization of patterns, due to the large increase of the viscosity and relaxation time of the azopolymer. As a result decreasing the temperature allows us to access and study much shorter time scales,in the physical mechanisms underlying the pattern formation, than previously reported. We find that the patterns organize themselves in sub-structures which size increase with the temperature, following the diffusion coefficient evolution of the material. That result suggests that the pattern formation and organization is mainly governed by diffusive processes, in agreement with some theories of the SRG formation. Decreasing further the temperature we observe the emergence of small voids located at the junction of the sub-structures.
description: 6 figures, 13 pages,
Closeness or Compassion? Predicting helping behavior
Creators: name: Goetz, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Why do people feel compassion? Two largely separate research literatures—one driven by evolutionary psychology and one driven by attribution theory—have shown that feelings of compassion for needy individuals and subsequent helping are predicted by both genetic relatedness and causal control. Research also suggests that emotional closeness, rather than compassion, motivates help for family. In two studies, we tested the role of genetic relatedness and control on cognitive and emotional mediators of helping. Results revealed that relatedness and control had distinct and independent effects on willingness to help needy individuals that were mediated by emotional closeness and compassion, respectively. These results provide a unique bridging of disparate literatures and suggest that emotional closeness and compassion serve distinct functions in facilitating prosocial behavior.
Radio faint AGN: a tale of two populations
Creators: name: Padovani, P.
name: Bonzini, M.
name: Kellermann, K. I.
name: Miller, N.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Tozzi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (E-CDFS) Very Large Array sample, which reaches a flux density limit at 1.4 GHz of 32.5 microJy at the field centre and redshift ~ 4, and covers ~ 0.3 deg^2. Number counts are presented for the whole sample while the evolutionary properties and luminosity functions are derived for active galactic nuclei (AGN). The faint radio sky contains two totally distinct AGN populations, characterised by very different evolutions, luminosity functions, and Eddington ratios: radio-quiet (RQ)/radiative-mode, and radio-loud/jet-mode AGN. The radio power of RQ AGN evolves ~ (1+z)^2.5, similarly to star-forming galaxies, while the number density of radio-loud ones has a peak at ~ 0.5 and then declines at higher redshifts. The number density of radio-selected RQ AGN is consistent with that of X-ray selected AGN, which shows that we are sampling the same population. The unbiased fraction of radiative-mode RL AGN, derived from our own and previously published data, is a strong function of radio power, decreasing from ~ 0.5 at P_1.4GHz ~ 10^24 W/Hz to ~ 0.04$ at P_1.4GHz ~ 10^22 W/Hz. Thanks to our enlarged sample, which now includes ~ 700 radio sources, we also confirm and strengthen our previous results on the source population of the faint radio sky: star-forming galaxies start to dominate the radio sky only below ~ 0.1 mJy, which is also where radio-quiet AGN overtake radio-loud ones.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The emergence of intercultural sensitivity through experiential learning in the attitudes of Emirati women
Creators: name: Shammas, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130302 Comparative and Cross-Cultural Education

description: The expatriate population of Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates stands at close to 90% of the population. The challenges this presents the leaders of the UAE are complex and reflect the social and cultural fabric of the region. Ensuring Emiratis remain the stake-holders in their country is key and only achievable through an Emiratization policy and buy-in from the tertiary sector. This study looks at the Higher Colleges of Technology (HCT) which has responded to the government Emiratization initiative by mandating that all Bachelor Degree students undertake an Intercultural Studies course as part of their studies. The research explores the role of experiential learning in fostering intercultural openness understanding and development is perceived by this particular group. This is a mixed methods study that includes ethnographic data collection, uncovering the complexities of a lived classroom learning experience from the perspective of the students. As an inductive exploratory study the movement is from observation to generalisation to theory. The data collected was sourced from interviews with students, written reflections and a Likert scale survey. Themes were not pre-determined and were be generated through a coding system based on frequency and constant comparison until core categories were clearly defined. Both sets of data were then compared to generate more conclusive theory. Participation was entirely voluntary and taken from the students from a current Intercultural Studies class. This study has contributed significantly to a field that has not yet explored experiential learning as a vehicle for intercultural studies in an Emirati context. The results provided a much needed road map for the teaching and learning of intercultural studies globally. Finally, this study was unique in that it was of their learning, and of the pedagogy, rather than adopting a more traditional type of external measure.
Physiological and Behavioral Factors Influencing Dietary Restraint and BMI
Creators: name: Neff, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Obesity is a major public health concern affecting millions of Americans. While dietary restraint appears to be an easy way to limit calories and thus lose weight, dietary restraint has been found to have a positive relationship with BMI. This study looked at other factors that may explain the conundrum between dietary restraint and obesity. We expected that physiology, taste perception, and behavioral control would emerge as explanatory factors; however we found a total of five factors that can be defined as follows: restraint, taste, physiology, diet, and reward response. Linear regression models on the five factors against change in BMI and body fat were not significant. Limitations and future directions are discussed.