Scopogonalia osteiphera Leal & Creao-Duarte 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Leal, Afonso Henrique
name: Creão-Duarte, Antonio José
name: Mejdalani, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Scopogonalia
Scopogonalia osteiphera

description: Scopogonalia osteiphera Leal & Creão-Duarte sp. nov.   
(Figure 11)  
 Diagnosis   
Sharpshooters with predominant green colour, transversal bone shaped black macula on anterior third of pronotum, fore wings with some cells and longitudinal veins dark brown to black; aedeagus with an apical and a subapical dentiform process on ventral portion and dorsoapical portion expanded as hood-like structure; paraphyses with rami strongly curved dorsally, with acute apices, embracing aedeagus.   Comment   
 The presence of a transversal bone shaped black macula on the pronotum is a symplesiomorphy of S. osteiphera. Although better observed in S. osteiphera, the presence of a hood-like structure on the dorsoapical portion of aedeagus is also symplesiomorphic for this species. The ventral subapical process of the aedeagus is a homoplastic autapomorphy of S. osteiphera, and the apical one is a symplesiomorphy of a large clade in which this species is included (Leal 2014).   
 Type locality. 26.39477° S, 065.30345° W; 788 m; Choromoro, Tucumán, Argentina.   
 Length. Male holotype, 4.6 mm; female paratypes, 5.6–6.1 mm.    External morphology   
Head (Figure 11A), in dorsal view, moderately produced anteriorly, median length of crown about 1/2 interocular width and 1/3 transocular width; anterior margin narrowly rounded in dorsal view; ocelli located behind anterior eye angles, each closer to adjacent anterior eye angle than to median line of crown, situated at pair of slight concavities. Pronotum (Figure 11A) with width approximately equal to transocular width; with pair of concavities near anterior margin; lateral margins slightly convergent anteriorly; posterior margin slightly concave; dorsopleural carinae complete and oblique. Fore wings (Figure 11A) opaque; membrane including all of apical cells, extending forward along costal margin as far as basal half of wing. Hind legs with femoral setal formula 2:1:1; length of first tarsomere greater than combined length of two more distal ones.   Coloration   
Ground colour of crown, anterior third of pronotum and mesonotum greenish-yellow, remainder of dorsum dark green (Figure 11A). Crown with Y-shaped black macula on median portion, with pair of arches at apices of arms of Y-shaped macula (Figure 11A). Pronotum with five black maculae: yellow anterior portion with median transversal one with broadened ends reminding the shape of a bone, and two transversal oval ones on lateral portions; posterior green portion with pair of arched maculae on posterior margin (Figure 11A). Mesonotum with pair of black maculae on basal angles, partially concealed under pronotum, and V-shaped macula on median portion (Figure 11A). Fore wings with some cells dark brown to black and concolourous stripes on and beside veins (Figure 11A). Face with frons greenish-yellow with slight transversal stripes on muscle impressions; remainder of face pale yellow. Lateral lobe of pronotum with black area just below dorsopleural carina; mesosternum black; legs and ventral portion of abdomen pale yellow; tergum of abdomen black.   Male genitalia   
Pygofer (Figure 11B), in lateral view, moderately produced posteriorly; dorsal margin approximately rectilinear, oblique; posteroventral margin broadly convex; apex acute; numerous macrosetae near apex and along margins; slender process arising from ventral margin and extending posterodorsally as far as apex of pygofer. Subgenital plates (Figure 11C) subtriangular, not extending as far posteriorly as apex of pygofer, gradually tapered towards apex; macrosetae uniseriate along outer margin. Styles (Figure 11D) slender, without preapical lobe, not extending as far posteriorly as apex of connective, broadly curved ventrally, reminiscent of arches, with strong angular projection. Connective (Figure 11D) Y-shaped. Aedeagus (Figure 11E), in lateral view, directed posterodorsally, with two dentiform processes on ventral portion: apical and subapical one; dorsoapical portion expanded as hood-like structure. Paraphyses extending below shaft of aedeagus at base; rami strongly curved dorsally, with acute apices, embracing aedeagus.   Female genitalia   
Abdominal sternite VII (Figure 11F) longer than wide, gradually tapered posteriorly; posterior margin with concavity, slight round prominence inside it. Valvulae II (Figure 11G) expanded beyond basal curvature and tapered towards acute apex; ventral margin approximately rectilinear; dorsal margin approximately parallel to ventral margin; preapical prominence distinct; inclined trapezoid teeth on basal and median portions (Figure 11H), becoming triangular towards apex (Figure 11I); first ones with posterior flat area, which becomes gradually smaller towards apex, where it is absent (Figure11J); denticles on all teeth and on apical portion; ventral dentate apical portion greater than dorsal one (Figure11J).   Etymology   
 The species epithet, osteiphera (from Greek: osteos, bone + phero, to bear), refers to the bone shaped macula on pronotum.    Type material   
Holotype: male, ‘ ARGENTINA: Tucuman Prov. \ Km 1346 rt 9\ S 26.39477° W 065.30345°\ 788m 20.i.2008 \ D.M. Takiya sweep’ (DZRJ). Paratypes: one female, same data as holotype (DZRJ); one female: ‘ ARGENTINA: Misiones \ Prov. Rt 12 4KmW\ Capiovi 23.i.2008 \ D. M. Takiya sweep’ (DZUP); one female: ‘ ARGENTINA: Salta Prov. \ Palomitas, Km 1535 rt. 9\ S 24.89399° W 064.99311°\ 750m 19.i.2008 \D.M. Takiya sweep’ (DZUP); one female: ‘ ARGENTINA: Salta Prov.\ Los Nogales, Km 1547 rt. 9\ S 24.80173° W 064.99311°\ 800m 19.i.2008 \ D.M. Takiya sweep’ (DZUP).   Comparative notes   
 The new species externally resembles S. interruptula, as mentioned above. It differs from this by the paired paraphyses, by the male pygofer (Figure 11B) with acute apex, by the aedeagus (Figure 11E) with two ventral dentiform processes, as in S. subolivacea, and a hood-like structure, as in S. penicula and S. altmanni.
description: Published as part of Leal, Afonso Henrique, Creão-Duarte, Antonio José & Mejdalani, Gabriel, 2016, Taxonomic review of Scopogonalia Young, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) with description of six new species, pp. 1513-1542 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 50 (23) on pages 1538-1540, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1166530, http://zenodo.org/record/5206525