cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological Orders, Braiding Statistics, and Mixture of Two Types of Twisted $BF$ Theories in Five Dimensions
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhi-Feng
name: Ye, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological orders are a prominent paradigm for describing quantum many-body systems without symmetry-breaking orders. We present a topological quantum field theoretical (TQFT) study on topological orders in five-dimensional spacetime ($5$D) in which \textit{topological excitations} include not only point-like \textit{particles}, but also two types of spatially extended objects: closed string-like \textit{loops} and two-dimensional closed \textit{membranes}. Especially, membranes have been rarely explored in the literature of topological orders. By introducing higher-form gauge fields, we construct exotic TQFT actions that include mixture of two distinct types of $BF$ topological terms and many twisted topological terms. The gauge transformations are properly defined and utilized to compute level quantization and classification of TQFTs. Among all TQFTs, some are not in Dijkgraaf-Witten cohomological classification. To characterize topological orders, we concretely construct all braiding processes among topological excitations, which leads to very exotic links formed by closed spacetime trajectories of particles, loops, and membranes. For each braiding process, we construct gauge-invariant Wilson operators and calculate the associated braiding statistical phases. As a result, we obtain expressions of link invariants all of which have manifest geometric interpretation. Following Wen's definition, the boundary theory of a topological order exhibits gravitational anomaly. We expect that the characterization and classification of 5D topological orders in this paper encode information of 4D gravitational anomaly. Further consideration, e.g., putting TQFTs on 5D manifolds with boundaries, is left to future work.
description: 68pages, figures added
Comparative modeling of exposure to airborne nanoparticles released by consumer spray products
Creators: name: Riebeling, Christian
name: Luch, Andreas
name: Götz, Mario Enrico
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Consumer exposure to sprays containing nano-objects is a continuing concern as a potential health hazard. One potential hazard has been formulated in the overload hypothesis. It describes a volume fraction of the macrophages that is occupied by deposited nanoparticles that leads to reduced macrophage mobility. Subsequent chronic inflammation may then lead to severe health consequences including cancer. To calculate lung deposition of spherical particles, the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model (ARA, Albuquerque, NM) provides different kinds of lung models and age settings. Using the MPPD v 2.11 software, we modeled several consumer-related exposure scenarios. Different body orientations and age groups were investigated. Moreover, a number of materials representing different densities were used, and the exposure calculated using MPPD is compared to the hazard derived from the overload hypothesis. Conditions leading to macrophage overload were found for exposures to high particle doses for prolonged times and repeated exposure. Such conditions are unlikely in the context of regular consumer exposure. The overload hypothesis assumes the particles to be inert and biopersistent, a condition that currently lacks a clear regulatory definition and is valid only for a few selected materials. Furthermore, because of material-specific effects and the possibility of surface adsorption of hazardous chemicals, nano-objects in propellant sprays remain of concern for consumer health.
Development, characterization and toxicological evaluations of phospholipids complexes of curcumin for effective drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy
Creators: name: Khatik, Renuka
name: Dwivedi, Pankaj
name: Ankita Shukla
name: Srivastava, Pallavi
name: Srikanta Kumar Rath
name: Sarvesh Kumar Paliwal
name: Dwivedi, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Cancer
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Engineering
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize the complexes between curcumin (CU) phosphatidylcholine (PC) and hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and to evaluate their anticancer activity. These CU–PC and CU–HSPC complexes (CU–PC-C and CU–HSPC-C) were evaluated for various physical parameters like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, melting point, solubility, scanning electron microscopy and the in vitro drug release study. These data confirmed the formation of phospholipids complexes. The in vitro hemolysis study showed that the complex was non-hemolytic. The anti-cancer potential of the complexes was demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay in MCF-7 cell line. This increase may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complexes, which significantly enhances the water and lipid solubility of the CU. Unlike the free CU (which showed a total of only 90% drug release at the end of 8 h), complex showed around 40–60% release at the end of 8 h in dissolution studies. It showed that (when given in equimolar doses) complexes have significantly decreased the amount of CU available for absorption as compared with CU-free drug. Both CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C were found to be non-toxic at the dose equivalent to 2000 mg/kg of body weight of CU in the toxicity study. Acute and subacute toxicity studies confirmed the oral safety of the formulation. A series of genotoxicity studies was conducted, which revealed the non-genotoxicity potential of the developed complexes. Thus, it can be concluded that the phospholipid complexes of CU may be a promising candidate in cancer therapy.
Rational Lax matrices from antidominantly shifted extended Yangians: BCD types
Creators: name: Frassek, Rouven
name: Tsymbaliuk, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalizing our recent joint paper with Vasily Pestun (arXiv:2001.04929), we construct a family of $SO(2r),Sp(2r),SO(2r+1)$ rational Lax matrices, polynomial in the spectral parameter, parametrized by the divisors on the projective line with coefficients being dominant integral coweights of associated Lie algebras. To this end, we provide the RTT realization of the antidominantly shifted extended Drinfeld Yangians of $\mathfrak{so}_{2r}, \mathfrak{sp}_{2r}, \mathfrak{so}_{2r+1}$, and of their coproduct homomorphisms. This establishes some of the recent conjectures in the physics literature by Costello-Gaiotto-Yagi (arXiv:2103.01835) in the classical types.
description: v3: 67 pages, minor corrections, details added. v2: 65 pages, minor corrections, some details added, Remark 4.37 added. v1: 64 pages, comments are welcome!
Non-linear extension of the dynamical linear response of spins; extended Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Okumura, Haruki
name: Sato, Kazunori
name: Kotani, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new extended Heisenberg model. The model contains the orbital-dependent spins together with the retarded effects of spin torque. The model is directly derived from the dynamical linear response functions on the transversal spin fluctuation. Our model allows us to address effects which are not accessible via the usual Heisenberg model. With the model, we can describe not only the relaxation effects due to the Landau damping caused by the Stoner excitations, but also the nesting effects of the Fermi surface. We discuss possibilities of the extended Heisenberg model based on the high-resolution plots of the spin susceptibility for Fe.
Spontaneous edge corner currents in $s+is$ superconductors and time reversal symmetry breaking surface states
Creators: name: Benfenati, Andrea
name: Babaev, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the basic microscopic model of an $s$-wave superconductor with frustrated interband interaction. When frustration is strong, such an interaction gives raise to a $s+is$ state. This is a $s$-wave superconductor that spontaneously breaks time reversal symmetry. We show that, in addition to the known $s+is$ state, there is additional phase, where the system's bulk is a conventional $s$-wave state, but superconducting surface states break time reversal symmetry. Furthermore, we show that $s+is$ superconductors can have spontaneous boundary currents and spontaneous magnetic fields. These arise at lower-dimensional boundaries, namely, the corners, in two-dimensional samples. This demonstrates that boundary currents effects in superconductors can arise in states which are not topological and not chiral according to the modern classification.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Development, characterization and toxicological evaluations of phospholipids complexes of curcumin for effective drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy
Creators: name: Khatik, Renuka
name: Dwivedi, Pankaj
name: Ankita Shukla
name: Srivastava, Pallavi
name: Srikanta Kumar Rath
name: Sarvesh Kumar Paliwal
name: Dwivedi, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize the complexes between curcumin (CU) phosphatidylcholine (PC) and hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and to evaluate their anticancer activity. These CU–PC and CU–HSPC complexes (CU–PC-C and CU–HSPC-C) were evaluated for various physical parameters like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, melting point, solubility, scanning electron microscopy and the in vitro drug release study. These data confirmed the formation of phospholipids complexes. The in vitro hemolysis study showed that the complex was non-hemolytic. The anti-cancer potential of the complexes was demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay in MCF-7 cell line. This increase may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complexes, which significantly enhances the water and lipid solubility of the CU. Unlike the free CU (which showed a total of only 90% drug release at the end of 8 h), complex showed around 40–60% release at the end of 8 h in dissolution studies. It showed that (when given in equimolar doses) complexes have significantly decreased the amount of CU available for absorption as compared with CU-free drug. Both CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C were found to be non-toxic at the dose equivalent to 2000 mg/kg of body weight of CU in the toxicity study. Acute and subacute toxicity studies confirmed the oral safety of the formulation. A series of genotoxicity studies was conducted, which revealed the non-genotoxicity potential of the developed complexes. Thus, it can be concluded that the phospholipid complexes of CU may be a promising candidate in cancer therapy.
On the dual relation in the Hawking--Page phase transition of the black holes in a cavity
Creators: name: Su, Bing-Yu
name: Li, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hawking--Page phase transitions of the $d$-dimensional Schwarzschild and charged black holes are explored in a cavity. The phase transition temperature $T_{\rm HP}$, the minimum black hole temperature $T_0$, and the Gibbs free energy $G$ are systematically calculated. A dual relation for the Schwarzschild black holes in the anti-de Sitter space, $T_{\rm HP}(d)=T_0(d+1)$, is found to be also approximately valid in the cavity case to a high precision, and this relation can be further generalized to the charged black holes in a suitable form. Our work reveals the universal properties of the black holes in different extended phase spaces and motivates further studies on their thermodynamic behaviors that are sensitive to specific boundary conditions, like the terminal points in the $G$--$T$ curves.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Preparation, characterization and in vitro-targeted delivery of novel Apolipoprotein E-based nanoparticles to C6 glioma with controlled size and loading efficiency
Creators: name: Nargess Maleklou
name: Abdolamir Allameh
name: Kazemi, Bahram
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) with its extraordinary features is readily assembled with hydrophobic compounds via its compact hydrophobic units (CHUs). These assemblies can then be converted to stable particles by protein–protein interactions via coiled coil regions (CCRs) which exist in APOE structure. Applying these features of APOE, we prepared novel nanoparticles called NAPOE, using no cross-linker. Vitamin D3 – a hydrophobic antitumor model – was loaded within the nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were mostly spherical with the mean diameter and zeta potential of 94.39 ± 5.71 nm and −20 ± 0.3 mV, respectively. The molar ratio of VD3/APOE in NPs was 37.2 ± 0.61. The NPs targeted C6 glioma cells in vitro via over-expressed LDLRs. The efficiency of the NPs uptake to malignant C6 glioma cells was remarkable compared to non-tumor glial cells (p p
Microwave response of a metallic superconductor subject to a high-voltage gate electrode
Creators: name: Catto, Giacomo
name: Liu, Wei
name: Kundu, Suman
name: Lahtinen, Valtteri
name: Vesterinen, Visa
name: Möttönen, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Processes that lead to the critical-current suppression and change of impedance of a superconductor under the application of an external voltage is an active area of research, especially due to various possible technological applications. In particular, field-effect transistors and radiation detectors have been developed in the recent years, showing the potential for precision and sensitivity exceeding their normal-metal counterparts. In order to describe the phenomenon that leads to the critical-current suppression in metallic superconducting structures, a field-effect hypothesis has been formulated, stating that an electric field can penetrate the metallic superconductor and affect its characteristics. The existence of such an effect would imply the incompleteness of the underlying theory, and hence indicate an important gap in the general comprehension of superconductors. In addition to its theoretical value, a complete understanding of the phenomenon underneath the electric-field response of the superconductor is important in the light of the related technological applications. In this paper, we study the change of the characteristics of a superconductor implementing a coplanar-waveguide resonator as a tank circuit, by relating our measurements to the reactance and resistance of the material. Namely, we track the state of the superconductor at different voltages and resulting leakage currents of a nearby gate electrode which is not galvanically connected to the resonator. By comparing the effects of the leakage current and of a change in the temperature of the system, we conclude that the observed behaviour in the superconductor is [...]
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Preparation, characterization and in vitro-targeted delivery of novel Apolipoprotein E-based nanoparticles to C6 glioma with controlled size and loading efficiency
Creators: name: Nargess Maleklou
name: Abdolamir Allameh
name: Kazemi, Bahram
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) with its extraordinary features is readily assembled with hydrophobic compounds via its compact hydrophobic units (CHUs). These assemblies can then be converted to stable particles by protein–protein interactions via coiled coil regions (CCRs) which exist in APOE structure. Applying these features of APOE, we prepared novel nanoparticles called NAPOE, using no cross-linker. Vitamin D3 – a hydrophobic antitumor model – was loaded within the nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were mostly spherical with the mean diameter and zeta potential of 94.39 ± 5.71 nm and −20 ± 0.3 mV, respectively. The molar ratio of VD3/APOE in NPs was 37.2 ± 0.61. The NPs targeted C6 glioma cells in vitro via over-expressed LDLRs. The efficiency of the NPs uptake to malignant C6 glioma cells was remarkable compared to non-tumor glial cells (p p
Compact atomic descriptors enable accurate predictions via linear models
Creators: name: Zeni, Claudio
name: Rossi, Kevin
name: Glielmo, Aldo
name: De Gironcoli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the accuracy of linear ridge regression employing a three-body local density representation derived from the atomic cluster expansion. We benchmark the accuracy of this framework in the prediction of formation energies and atomic forces in molecules and solids. We find that such a simple regression framework performs on par with state-of-the-art machine learning methods which are, in most cases, more complex and more computationally demanding. Subsequently, we look for ways to sparsify the descriptor and further improve the computational efficiency of the method. To this aim, we use both principal component analysis and least absolute shrinkage operator regression for energy fitting on six single-element datasets. Both methods highlight the possibility of constructing a descriptor that is four times smaller than the original with a similar or even improved accuracy. Furthermore, we find that the reduced descriptors share a sizable fraction of their features across the six independent datasets, hinting at the possibility of designing material-agnostic, optimally compressed, and accurate descriptors.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Optimistic Reinforcement Learning by Forward Kullback-Leibler Divergence Optimization
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Taisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses a new interpretation of the traditional optimization method in reinforcement learning (RL) as optimization problems using reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, and derives a new optimization method using forward KL divergence, instead of reverse KL divergence in the optimization problems. Although RL originally aims to maximize return indirectly through optimization of policy, the recent work by Levine has proposed a different derivation process with explicit consideration of optimality as stochastic variable. This paper follows this concept and formulates the traditional learning laws for both value function and policy as the optimization problems with reverse KL divergence including optimality. Focusing on the asymmetry of KL divergence, the new optimization problems with forward KL divergence are derived. Remarkably, such new optimization problems can be regarded as optimistic RL. That optimism is intuitively specified by a hyperparameter converted from an uncertainty parameter. In addition, it can be enhanced when it is integrated with prioritized experience replay and eligibility traces, both of which accelerate learning. The effects of this expected optimism was investigated through learning tendencies on numerical simulations using Pybullet. As a result, moderate optimism accelerated learning and yielded higher rewards. In a realistic robotic simulation, the proposed method with the moderate optimism outperformed one of the state-of-the-art RL method.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Development, characterization and toxicological evaluations of phospholipids complexes of curcumin for effective drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy
Creators: name: Khatik, Renuka
name: Dwivedi, Pankaj
name: Ankita Shukla
name: Srivastava, Pallavi
name: Srikanta Kumar Rath
name: Sarvesh Kumar Paliwal
name: Dwivedi, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize the complexes between curcumin (CU) phosphatidylcholine (PC) and hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and to evaluate their anticancer activity. These CU–PC and CU–HSPC complexes (CU–PC-C and CU–HSPC-C) were evaluated for various physical parameters like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, melting point, solubility, scanning electron microscopy and the in vitro drug release study. These data confirmed the formation of phospholipids complexes. The in vitro hemolysis study showed that the complex was non-hemolytic. The anti-cancer potential of the complexes was demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay in MCF-7 cell line. This increase may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complexes, which significantly enhances the water and lipid solubility of the CU. Unlike the free CU (which showed a total of only 90% drug release at the end of 8 h), complex showed around 40–60% release at the end of 8 h in dissolution studies. It showed that (when given in equimolar doses) complexes have significantly decreased the amount of CU available for absorption as compared with CU-free drug. Both CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C were found to be non-toxic at the dose equivalent to 2000 mg/kg of body weight of CU in the toxicity study. Acute and subacute toxicity studies confirmed the oral safety of the formulation. A series of genotoxicity studies was conducted, which revealed the non-genotoxicity potential of the developed complexes. Thus, it can be concluded that the phospholipid complexes of CU may be a promising candidate in cancer therapy.
Bicyclic γ-amino acids as inhibitors of γ-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
Creators: name: Coluccia, Antonio
name: Silvestri, Romano
name: Pinto, Andrea
name: Tamborini, Lucia
name: Pennacchietti, Eugenia
name: Cullia, Gregorio
name: Micheli, Carlo De
name: Conti, Paola
name: Biase, Daniela De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The γ-aminobutyrate (GABA)-degradative enzyme GABA aminotransferase (GABA-AT) is regarded as an attractive target to control GABA levels in the central nervous system: this has important implications in the treatment of several neurological disorders and drug dependencies. We have investigated the ability of newly synthesized compounds to act as GABA-AT inhibitors. These compounds have a unique bicyclic structure: the carbocyclic ring bears the GABA skeleton, while the fused 3-Br-isoxazoline ring contains an electrophilic warhead susceptible of nucleophilic attack by an active site residue of the target enzyme. Out of the four compounds tested, only the one named (+)-3 was found to significantly inhibit mammalian GABA-AT in vitro. Docking studies, performed on the available structures of GABA-AT, support the experimental findings: out of the four tested compounds, only (+)-3 suitably orients the electrophilic 3-Br-isoxazoline warhead towards the active site nucleophilic residue Lys329, thereby explaining the irreversible inhibition of GABA-AT observed experimentally.
Optimized Implementation for Calculation and Fast-Update of Pfaffians Installed to the Open-Source Fermionic Variational Solver mVMC
Creators: name: Xu, RuQing G.
name: Okubo, Tsuyoshi
name: Todo, Synge
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present a high performance, portable and well templated implementation for computing and fast-updating Pfaffian and inverse of an even-ranked skew-symmetric (antisymmetric) matrix. It is achieved with a skew-symmetric, blocked variant of the Parlett-Reid algorithm and a blocked update scheme based on the Woodbury matrix identity. Installation of this framework into the geminal-wavefunction-based many-variable Variational Monte Carlo (mVMC) code boosts sampling performance to up to more than $6$ times without changing Markov chain's behavior. The implementation is based on an extension of the BLAS-like instantiation software (BLIS) framework which has optimized kernel for many state-of-the-art processors including Intel Skylake-X, AMD EPYC Rome and Fujitsu A64FX.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures and 3 tables. Source code presented in this work can be obtained from http://github.com/issp-center-dev/mVMC/tree/develop
Study on essential oils from the leaves of two Vietnamese plants: Jasminum subtriplinerve C.L. Blume and Vitex quinata (Lour) F.N. Williams
Creators: name: Dai, Do N.
name: Thang, Tran D.
name: Isiaka A. Ogunwande
name: Oladipupo A. Lawal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The essential oil constituents of the leaves of Jasminum subtriplinerve (Oleaceae) and Vitex quinata (Verbanaceae) cultivated in Vietnam were analysed by gas chromatography – flame ionisation detector (GC–FID) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. The main constituents identified in J. subtriplinerve were mainly oxygenated monoterpenes represented by linalool (44.2%), α-terpineol (15.5%), geraniol (19.4%) and cis-linalool oxide (8.8%). The quantitative significant components of V. quinata were terpene hydrocarbons comprising of β-pinene (30.1%), β-caryophyllene (26.9%) and β-elemene (7.4%). The chemical compositions of the essential oils are being reported for the first time.
Study on essential oils from the leaves of two Vietnamese plants: Jasminum subtriplinerve C.L. Blume and Vitex quinata (Lour) F.N. Williams
Creators: name: Dai, Do N.
name: Thang, Tran D.
name: Isiaka A. Ogunwande
name: Oladipupo A. Lawal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The essential oil constituents of the leaves of Jasminum subtriplinerve (Oleaceae) and Vitex quinata (Verbanaceae) cultivated in Vietnam were analysed by gas chromatography – flame ionisation detector (GC–FID) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. The main constituents identified in J. subtriplinerve were mainly oxygenated monoterpenes represented by linalool (44.2%), α-terpineol (15.5%), geraniol (19.4%) and cis-linalool oxide (8.8%). The quantitative significant components of V. quinata were terpene hydrocarbons comprising of β-pinene (30.1%), β-caryophyllene (26.9%) and β-elemene (7.4%). The chemical compositions of the essential oils are being reported for the first time.
Terrenolide S, a new antileishmanial butenolide from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus
Creators: name: Ehab S. Elkhayat
name: Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
name: Mohamed, Gamal A.
name: Ross, Samir A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Terrenolide S, a new butenolide derivative (6), together with six known compounds: (22E,24R)-stigmasta-5,7,22-trien-3-β-ol (1), stigmast-4-ene-3-one (2), stigmasta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3), terretonin A (4), terretonin (5) and butyrolactone VI (7) have been isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus isolated from the roots of Carthamus lanatus (Asteraceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS), as well as optical rotation measurement and comparison with literature data. Compound 1 displayed a potent activity towards methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Cryptococcus neoformans with IC50 values of 2.29 and 10.68 µM, respectively. Moreover, 1, 2 and 6 exhibited antileishmanial activity towards Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 11.24, 15.32 and 27.27 µM, respectively and IC90 values of 14.68, 40.56 and 167.03 µM, respectively.
Seebeck effect of Dirac electrons
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Junji
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Seebeck effect in the three-dimensional Dirac electron system based on the linear response theory with Luttinger's gravitational potential. The Seebeck coefficient $S$ is defined by $S = L_{12} / L_{11} T$, where $T$ is the temperature, and $L_{11}$ and $L_{12}$ are the longitudinal response coefficients of the charge current to the electric field and to the temperature gradient, respectively; $L_{11}$ is the electric conductivity and $L_{12}$ is the thermo-electric conductivity. We consider randomly-distributed impurity potentials as the source of the momentum relaxation of electrons and microscopically calculate the relaxation rate and the vertex corrections of $L_{11}$ and $L_{12}$ due to the impurities. It is confirmed that $L_{11}$ and $L_{12}$ are related through Mott's formula in low temperatures when the chemical potential lies above the gap ($|μ| > Δ$), irrespective of the linear dispersion of the Dirac electrons and unconventional energy dependence of the lifetime of electrons. On the other hand, when the chemical potential lies in the band gap ($|μ| < Δ$), Seebeck coefficient behaves just as in conventional semiconductors: Its dependences on the chemical potential $μ$ and the temperature $T$ are partially captured by $S \propto (Δ- μ) / \kB T$ for $μ> 0$. The Seebeck coefficient takes the relatively large value $|S| \simeq 1.7 \,\mathrm{m V/K}$ at $T \simeq 8.7\,\mathrm{K}$ for $Δ= 15 \,\mathrm{m eV}$ by assuming doped bismuth.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Fascismo, Poder e Educação no Brasil
Creators: name: Vasquinho, Thiago
name: Lamosa, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Educação
Fascismo
Poder

description:  

O livro Fascismo, Poder e Educação no Brasil, organizado por Thiago Vasquinho e Rodrigo Lamosa, explora a relação entre o fascismo e a educação no contexto brasileiro, principalmente durante o governo Bolsonaro.
Melatonin administration modifies circadian motor activity under constant light depending on the lighting conditions during suckling
Creators: name: Díez-Noguera, Antoni
name: Trinitat Cambras
name: Carpentieri, Agata R.
name: Oliva, Clara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biochemistry

description: Early lighting conditions have been described to produce long-term effects on circadian behavior, which may also influence the response to agents acting on the circadian system. It has been suggested that melatonin (MEL) may act on the circadian pacemaker and as a scavenger of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Here, we studied the oxidative and behavioral changes caused by prolonged exposure to constant light (LL) in groups of rats that differed in MEL administration and in lighting conditions during suckling. The rats were exposed to either a light–dark cycle (LD) or LL. At 40 days old, rats were treated for 2 weeks with a daily subcutaneous injection of MEL (10 mg/kg body weight) or a vehicle at activity onset. Blood samples were taken before and after treatment, to determine catalase (CAT) activity and nitrite level in plasma. As expected, LL-reared rats showed a more stable motor activity circadian rhythm than LD rats. MEL treatment produced more reactivity in LD- than in LL rats, and was also able to alter the phase of the rhythm in LD rats. There were no significant differences in nitrite levels or CAT activity between the groups, although both variables increased with time. Finally, we also tested depressive signs by means of sucrose consumption, and anhedonia was found in LD males treated with MEL. The results suggest that the lighting conditions in early infancy are important for the long-term functionality of the circadian system, including rhythm manifestation, responses to MEL and mood alterations.
Identifying a context-effective school hearing screening test: An emic/etic framework
Creators: name: Tracey-Lee Cloete
name: Wilson, Wayne J
name: Petersen, Lucretia
name: Harsha Kathard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: Objective: To identify a context-effective hearing screening test for primary schools in the Western Cape, South Africa using an emic-etic framework for test selection. Design: A sequential mixed methods design was used to: (1) Identify test properties needed to successfully screen hearing in primary school children in the Western Cape, (2) select the hearing screening test most likely to succeed in this context, and (3) assess the use of the test in context. Study sample: Three nurses, two nursing assistants, two paediatric audiologists, and 100 grade-one children participated. Results: Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were identified as the test most likely to succeed as a hearing screening test in primary school children in the Western Cape. While school nurses were able to successfully apply OAE testing in this context, its sensitivity to hearing loss in these children was 57.14%. Conclusions: The sensitivity would need to be improved before OAE testing could be used as a context-effective screening test for primary school children in the Western Cape. The study demonstrated the value of collaborative program planning using an emic-etic framework to ensure that screening tests are contextually appropriate.
Terrenolide S, a new antileishmanial butenolide from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus
Creators: name: Ehab S. Elkhayat
name: Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
name: Mohamed, Gamal A.
name: Ross, Samir A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Terrenolide S, a new butenolide derivative (6), together with six known compounds: (22E,24R)-stigmasta-5,7,22-trien-3-β-ol (1), stigmast-4-ene-3-one (2), stigmasta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3), terretonin A (4), terretonin (5) and butyrolactone VI (7) have been isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus isolated from the roots of Carthamus lanatus (Asteraceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS), as well as optical rotation measurement and comparison with literature data. Compound 1 displayed a potent activity towards methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Cryptococcus neoformans with IC50 values of 2.29 and 10.68 µM, respectively. Moreover, 1, 2 and 6 exhibited antileishmanial activity towards Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 11.24, 15.32 and 27.27 µM, respectively and IC90 values of 14.68, 40.56 and 167.03 µM, respectively.
Data-driven simulation and characterisation of gold nanoparticle melting
Creators: name: Zeni, Claudio
name: Rossi, Kevin
name: Pavloudis, Theodore
name: Kioseoglou, Joseph
name: de Gironcoli, Stefano
name: Palmer, Richard
name: Baletto, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simulation and analysis of the thermal stability of nanoparticles, a stepping stone towards their application in technological devices, require fast and accurate force fields, in conjunction with effective characterisation methods. In this work, we develop efficient, transferable, and interpretable machine learning force fields for gold nanoparticles based on data gathered from Density Functional Theory calculations. We use them to investigate the thermodynamic stability of gold nanoparticles of different sizes (1 to 6 nm), containing up to 6266 atoms, concerning a solid-liquid phase change through molecular dynamics simulations. We predict nanoparticle melting temperatures in good agreement with available experimental data. Furthermore, we characterize the solid-liquid phase change mechanism employing an unsupervised learning scheme to categorize local atomic environments. We thus provide a data-driven definition of liquid atomic arrangements in the inner and surface regions of a nanoparticle and employ it to show that melting initiates at the outer layers.
description: 28 pages, 22 figures
Scalable Node-Disjoint and Edge-Disjoint Multi-wavelength Routing
Creators: name: Xu, Yi-Zhi
name: Po, Ho Fai
name: Yeung, Chi Ho
name: Saad, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Probabilistic message-passing algorithms are developed for routing transmissions in multi-wavelength optical communication networks, under node and edge-disjoint routing constraints and for various objective functions. Global routing optimization is a hard computational task on its own but is made much more difficult under the node/edge-disjoint constraints and in the presence of multiple wavelengths, a problem which dominates routing efficiency in real optical communication networks that carry most of the world's Internet traffic. The scalable principled method we have developed is exact on trees but provides good approximate solutions on locally tree-like graphs. It accommodates a variety of objective functions that correspond to low latency, load balancing and consolidation of routes, and can be easily extended to include heterogeneous signal-to-noise values on edges and a restriction on the available wavelengths per edge. It can be used for routing and managing transmissions on existing topologies as well as for designing and modifying optical communication networks. Additionally, it provides the tool for settling an open and much debated question on the merit of wavelength-switching nodes and the added capabilities they provide. The methods have been tested on generated networks such as random-regular, Erdős Rényi and power-law graphs, as well as on the UK and US optical communication networks. They show excellent performance with respect to existing methodology on small networks and have been scaled up to network sizes that are beyond the reach of most existing algorithms.
Continuous time crystal from a spontaneous many-body Floquet state
Creators: name: de Nova, J. R. M.
name: Sols, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floquet driven systems represent an extremely interesting arena to study out-of-equilibrium phenomena. For instance, they provide realizations of discrete time crystals, where the discrete time translation symmetry of the periodic Hamiltonian is spontaneously broken by a subharmonic response of the system. However, the continuous presence of an external periodic driving is required within the current Floquet paradigm. We propose here the concept of spontaneous many-body Floquet state. This is a state that, in the absence of external periodic driving, self-oscillates like in the presence of a periodic Hamiltonian, this behavior being spontaneously induced by many-body interactions. In addition, its quantum fluctuations are described by regular Floquet theory. Furthermore, it is also a time crystal, presenting long-range time-periodic order. However, this crystalline behavior is very different to that of conventional Floquet discrete time crystals: here, there is no external periodic driving, energy is conserved, and the nature of the spontaneous symmetry breaking is continuous instead of discrete. We demonstrate that spontaneous many-body Floquet states can emerge in a variety of canonical many-body problems, ranging from interacting fermions to Bose-Hubbard models. We specifically show that a spontaneous many-body Floquet state is a universal intrinsic state of a one-dimensional flowing atom condensate, both subsonic and supersonic, resulting from a dynamical phase transition and robust against external perturbations and quantum fluctuations, proposing also realistic experimental scenarios for its observation. A spontaneous many-body Floquet state not only represents a realization of a continuous time crystal, but also a novel paradigm in Floquet physics.
description: Main text: 6 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Material: 18 pages, 8 figures
Quantum transport through a quantum dot side-coupled to a Majorana bound state pair in the presence of electron-phonon interaction
Creators: name: Máthé, Levente
name: Sticlet, Doru
name: Zârbo, Liviu P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study quantum transport through a quantum dot coupled to Majorana bound states confined at the ends of a topological superconducting nanowire. The topological superconductor forms a loop and is threaded by a tunable magnetic flux, which allows one to control the electron transport in the system. In particular, we investigate phonon-assisted transport properties in the device when the central quantum dot interacts with a single long-wave optical phonon mode. We find that when the two Majorana bound states are unhybridized, the zero-temperature linear conductance has a $2π$ periodicity as a function of magnetic flux phase, independent of the electron-phonon interaction, the quantum dot energy, or the finite values of dot-Majorana couplings. For a finite overlap between the Majorana bound states, the linear conductance periodicity generally changes to $4π$ either due to a finite electron-phonon coupling strength, or a dot energy level that is tuned away from the Fermi level. Additionally, the differential conductance periodicity changes from $2π$ to $4π$ when the Majorana bound states hybridize and the electron-phonon coupling is finite. Our results provide insight into transport signatures expected in topological quantum computational platforms that integrate quantum dots as a means for Majorana qubit readout. The energy exchange with an environmental bath, here a single phonon mode, significantly alters the current signatures expected from Majorana modes.
description: 30 pages, 22 figures