cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mapping Interactions of H. neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens from the Fossil and Genetic Records
Creators: name: Stringer, Chris
name: Crété, Lucile
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: Evidence suggests that the Neanderthal and Homo sapiens lineages began diverging about 600,000 years ago, evolving largely separately in Eurasia and Africa after that time. Around 60,000 years ago H. sapiens began a significant emergence from Africa that would lead to a near-global distribution by 10,000 years ago. However, recent research on fossils from Apidima Cave (Greece) suggests that there was an earlier dispersal of our species that reached Europe more than 200,000 years ago, which is consistent with data from ancient DNA suggesting gene flow between the early H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens lineages during the time span of the later Middle Pleistocene. Additional range expansions of H. sapiens are suggested from western Asian evidence prior to 100,000 years ago, and from China, Sumatra and Australia before the 60,000-year datum. Until recently, there were few other signs of a H. sapiens presence in Europe prior to the Aurignacian expansions that began around 41,000 years ago. However, new data from sites like Zlatý k?? (Czechia), Bacho Kiro Cave (Bulgaria), Grotta del Cavallo (Italy) and Grotte Mandrin (France) indicate that there were pre-Aurignacian dispersals that potentially placed H. sapiens populations alongside the persisting Neanderthals. While some of these populations can be related to later Eurasians, others seem to represent now-extinct lineages of H. sapiens. It is now known from a growing body of genetic data that this co-existence of H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens was accompanied by bouts of interbreeding between the two species. It is suggested here that a continuing absorption of Neanderthal individuals into H. sapiens groups could have been one of the factors that led to the demise of the Neanderthals.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Preservation of co-occurring As, Sb and Se species in water samples with EDTA and acidification
Creators: name: Wu, Debo
name: Pichler, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Geological Society
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: preservation
subject: species
subject: stability
subject: As
subject: Sb
subject: Se
subject: 550

description: The simultaneous preservation of the following redox couples was studied: As(III, V), Sb(III, V) and Se(IV, VI). Over a time period of 11 weeks the stability of these three redox couples was assessed in water samples with different dissolved oxygen content, i.e., groundwater, lake water and river water. High concentrations of Fe (25.0 mg L−1) and Mn (25.0 mg L−1) were added to each of the different matrices to simulate a Fe and Mn rich environment. In addition to their natural concentration, each sample was spiked with 5.0 μg L−1 As(III and V) and Sb(III and V) and 15.0 μg L−1 Se(IV and VI). As potential preservation strategies, EDTA alone and EDTA combined with HCl, HNO3, formic acid or acetic acid were investigated and compared to unpreserved samples. In addition, preserved samples were stored at 4°C in the dark, while unpreserved samples were stored at room temperature in the presence of light. The results showed that the addition of EDTA combined with acidification to a pH of 3 successfully preserved all three redox couples for at least 11 weeks stored at 4°C in the dark. EDTA alone (pH = 6) failed to preserve the As and Sb species, although it successfully preserved the Se species. Primarily based on observations made for the unpreserved samples, it was concluded that Sb(III) could be oxidized easier than As(III) and Se(IV) at neutral pH, and that the Se species in general were most stable. The formation of Fe-(oxy) hydroxide and possibly Mn-(oxy) hydroxide in the unpreserved samples also allowed an estimation of the relative adsorption behaviour. Arsenic(III), Sb(III), Se(IV)) and As(V) showed a strong adsorption affinity for Fe-(oxy) hydroxide and Mn-(oxy) hydroxide probably due to the fact that they all form inner sphere complexes, whereas Sb(V) and Se(VI) rarely adsorbed because they form outer sphere complexes and thus bond via weak electrostatic adsorption. Antimony(III) could chelate with EDTA and formed several complexes according to pH. The most stable species of Sb(III)Y− (Y = EDTA) existed at a pH range of 1.8 to 3.0. Apparently Sb(V), on the other hand, did not chelate with EDTA and thus should exist mainly in the form of Sb(OH)6− and minor Sb(OH)5 in this pH range.
Coda reconstruction from cross-correlation of a diffuse field on thin elastic plates
Creators: name: Nooghabi, Aida Hejazi
name: Boschi, Lapo
name: Roux, Philippe
name: de Rosny, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study contributes to the evaluation of the robustness and accuracy of Green's function reconstruction from cross-correlation of strongly dispersed reverberated signals, with disentangling of the respective roles of ballistic and reverberated ('coda') contributions. We conduct a suite of experiments on a highly reverberating thin duralumin plate, where an approximately diffuse flexural wavefield is generated by taking advantage of the plate reverberation and wave dispersion. A large number of impulsive sources that cover the whole surface of the plate are used to validate ambient-noise theory through comparison of the causal and anticausal (i.e., positive- and negative-time) terms of the cross-correlation to one another, and to the directly measured Green's function. To quantify the contribution of the ballistic and coda signals, the cross-correlation integral is defined over different time windows of variable length, and the accuracy of the reconstructed Green's function is studied as a function of the initial and end times of the integral. We show that even cross-correlations measured over limited time windows converge to a significant part of the Green's function. Convergence is achieved over a wide time window, which includes not only direct flexural-wave arrivals, but also the multiply reverberated coda. We propose a model, based on normal-mode analysis that relates the similarity between the cross-correlation and the Green's function to the statistical properties of the plate. We also determine quantitatively how incoherent noise degrades the estimation of the Green's function.
Energy sources for chemolithotrophs in an arsenic- and iron-rich shallow-sea hydrothermal system
Creators: name: Akerman, N. H.
name: Price, R. E.
name: Pichler, T.
name: Amend, J. P.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: chemolithotrophs
subject: Arsenic
subject: iron
subject: shallow-sea
subject: hydrothermal system
subject: Tutum Bay
subject: Ambitle Island
subject: Papua New Guinea
subject: 550

description: The hydrothermally influenced sediments of Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea, are ideal for investigating the chemolithotrophic activities of micro-organisms involved in arsenic cycling because hydrothermal vents there expel fluids with arsenite (AsIII) concentrations as high as 950 μg L−1. These hot (99 °C), slightly acidic (pH ∼6), chemically reduced, shallow-sea vent fluids mix with colder, oxidized seawater to create steep gradients in temperature, pH, and concentrations of As, N, Fe, and S redox species. Near the vents, iron oxyhydroxides precipitate with up to 6.2 wt% arsenate (AsV). Here, chemical analyses of sediment porewaters from 10 sites along a 300-m transect were combined with standard Gibbs energies to evaluate the energy yields (−ΔGr) from 19 potential chemolithotrophic metabolisms, including AsV reduction, AsIII oxidation, FeIII reduction, and FeII oxidation reactions. The 19 reactions yielded 2–94 kJ mol−1 e−, with aerobic oxidation of sulphide and arsenite the two most exergonic reactions. Although anaerobic AsV reduction and FeIII reduction were among the least exergonic reactions investigated, they are still potential net metabolisms. Gibbs energies of the arsenic redox reactions generally correlate linearly with pH, increasing with increasing pH for AsIII oxidation and decreasing with increasing pH for AsV reduction. The calculated exergonic energy yields suggest that micro-organisms could exploit diverse energy sources in Tutum Bay, and examples of micro-organisms known to use these chemolithotrophic metabolic strategies are discussed. Energy modeling of redox reactions can help target sampling sites for future microbial collection and cultivation studies.
Low-resolution simulations of vesicle suspensions in 2D
Creators: name: Kabacaoglu, Gokberk
name: Quaife, Bryan
name: Biros, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vesicle suspensions appear in many biological and industrial applications. These suspensions are characterized by rich and complex dynamics of vesicles due to their interaction with the bulk fluid, and their large deformations and nonlinear elastic properties. Many existing state-of-the-art numerical schemes can resolve such complex vesicle flows. However, even when using provably optimal algorithms, these simulations can be computationally expensive, especially for suspensions with a large number of vesicles. In this paper, we investigate the effect of a number of algorithmic empirical fixes in an attempt to make low-resolution simulations more stable and more predictive. Based on our empirical studies for a number of flow configurations, we propose a scheme that attempts to integrate these fixes in a systematic way. This low-resolution scheme is an extension of our previous work Quaife and Biros (2014) and Quaife and Biros (2016). Our low-resolution correction algorithms (LRCA) include anti-aliasing and membrane reparametrization for avoiding spurious oscillations in vesicles' membranes, adaptive time stepping and a repulsion force for handling vesicle collisions and, correction of vesicles' area and arc-length for maintaining physical vesicle shapes. We perform a systematic error analysis by comparing the low-resolution simulations of dilute and dense suspensions with their high-fidelity, fully resolved, counterparts. We observe that the LRCA enables both efficient and statistically accurate low-resolution simulations of vesicle suspensions, while it can be 10x to 100x faster.
Curbing Delinquent behaviours at Basic Education level in Nigeria Schools 15-Jul-2023 14-38-23(1).pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Behavioral problems among learners in education system is one of the many social issues that have remain pervasive in Nigerian school system...
AC conductivity for a holographic Weyl Semimetal
Creators: name: Grignani, Gianluca
name: Marini, Andrea
name: Pena-Benitez, Francisco
name: Speziali, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the AC electrical conductivity at zero temperature in a holographic model for a Weyl semimetal. At small frequencies we observe a linear dependence in the frequency. The model shows a quantum phase transition between a topological semimetal (Weyl semimetal phase) with a non vanishing anomalous Hall conductivity and a trivial semimetal. The AC conductivity has an intermediate scaling due to the presence of a quantum critical region in the phase diagram of the system. The phase diagram is reconstructed using the scaling properties of the conductivity. We compare with the experimental data of [1502.03807] obtaining qualitative agreement.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures and 3 appendices. Published version; references added, discussion of section 5 extended and typos corrected
The longevity of water ice on Ganymedes and Europas around migrated giant planets
Creators: name: Lehmer, Owen R.
name: Catling, David C.
name: Zahnle, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas giant planets in the Solar System have a retinue of icy moons, and we expect giant exoplanets to have similar satellite systems. If a Jupiter-like planet were to migrate toward its parent star the icy moons orbiting it would evaporate, creating atmospheres and possible habitable surface oceans. Here, we examine how long the surface ice and possible oceans would last before being hydrodynamically lost to space. The hydrodynamic loss rate from the moons is determined, in large part, by the stellar flux available for absorption, which increases as the giant planet and icy moons migrate closer to the star. At some planet-star distance the stellar flux incident on the icy moons becomes so great that they enter a runaway greenhouse state. This runaway greenhouse state rapidly transfers all available surface water to the atmosphere as vapor, where it is easily lost from the small moons. However, for icy moons of Ganymede's size around a Sun-like star we found that surface water (either ice or liquid) can persist indefinitely outside the runaway greenhouse orbital distance. In contrast, the surface water on smaller moons of Europa's size will only persist on timescales greater than 1 Gyr at distances ranging 1.49 to 0.74 AU around a Sun-like star for Bond albedos of 0.2 and 0.8, where the lower albedo becomes relevant if ice melts. Consequently, small moons can lose their icy shells, which would create a torus of H atoms around their host planet that might be detectable in future observations.
description: Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Anomaly-Free Dark Matter Models are not so Simple
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Fairbairn, Malcolm
name: Tunney, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the anomaly-cancellation constraints on simplified dark matter (DM) models with an extra U(1)$^\prime$ gauge boson $Z'$. We show that, if the Standard Model (SM) fermions are supplemented by a single DM fermion $χ$ that is a singlet of the SM gauge group, and the SM quarks have non-zero U(1)$^\prime$ charges, the SM leptons must also have non-zero U(1)$^\prime$ charges, in which case LHC searches impose strong constraints on the $Z'$ mass. Moreover, the DM fermion $χ$ must have a vector-like U(1)$^\prime$ coupling. If one requires the DM particle to have a purely axial U(1)$^\prime$ coupling, which would be the case if $χ$ were a Majorana fermion and would reduce the impact of direct DM searches, the simplest possibility is that it is accompanied by one other new singlet fermion, but in this case the U(1)$^\prime$ charges of the SM leptons still do not vanish. This is also true in a range of models with multiple new singlet fermions with identical charges. Searching for a leptophobic model, we then introduce extra fermions that transform non-trivially under the SM gauge group. We find several such models if the DM fermion is accompanied by two or more other new fermions with non-identical charges, which may have interesting experimental signatures. We present benchmark representatives of the various model classes we discuss.
description: 19 pages, 0 figures, this v2 matches version accepted for publication
Spatial dispersion in atom-surface quantum friction
Creators: name: Reiche, D.
name: Dalvit, D. A. R.
name: Busch, K.
name: Intravaia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of spatial dispersion on atom-surface quantum friction. We show that for atom-surface separations shorter than the carrier's mean free path within the material, the frictional force can be several orders of magnitude larger than that predicted by local optics. In addition, when taking into account spatial dispersion effects, we show that the commonly used local thermal equilibrium approximation underestimates by approximately 95% the drag force, obtained by employing the recently reported nonequilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation for quantum friction. Unlike the treatment based on local optics, spatial dispersion in conjunction with corrections to local thermal equilibrium not only change the magnitude but also the distance scaling of quantum friction.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Solar Neutrinos as a Probe of Dark Matter-Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Capozzi, Francesco
name: Shoemaker, Ian M.
name: Vecchi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos at the eV scale have long been studied in the context of anomalies in short baseline neutrino experiments. Their cosmology can be made compatible with our understanding of the early Universe provided the sterile neutrino sector enjoys a nontrivial dynamics with exotic interactions, possibly providing a link to the Dark Matter (DM) puzzle. Interactions between DM and neutrinos have also been proposed to address the long-standing "missing satellites" problem in the field of large scale structure formation. Motivated by these considerations, in this paper we discuss realistic scenarios with light steriles coupled to DM. We point out that within this framework active neutrinos acquire an effective coupling to DM that manifests itself as a new matter potential in the propagation within a medium of asymmetric DM. Assuming that at least a small fraction of asymmetric DM has been captured by the Sun, we show that a sizable region of the parameter space of these scenarios can be probed by solar neutrino experiments, especially in the regime of small couplings and light mediators where all other probes become inefficient. In the latter regime these scenarios behave as familiar $3+1$ models in all channels except for solar data, where a Solar Dark MSW effect takes place. Solar Dark MSW is characterized by modifications of the most energetic $^8$B and CNO neutrinos, whereas the other fluxes remain largely unaffected.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
The Phenomenon of Resistance Communication: A Case Study of an Urban Poor Community in Quezon City
Creators: name: Ubales, Raphael Madara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Development Communication
Resistance Communication
Collective Resistance
Urban Poor Resistance
Urban Poor

description: This study aimed to understand the phenomenon of collective resistance through a communication perspective in the context of the urban poor. A qualitative case study involving five (5) research participants from different backgrounds living in the same urban poor community in Quezon City, Philippines was used. The research participants were interviewed to gain their insights and knowledge as basis in understanding how they communicate collective resistance in their community. After reviewing the interviews and emerging themes and narratives have been analyzed, the results show that three key communicative elements are the basis in establishing resistance in the urban poor setting: communicating their lived experience, their defiance against shared injustices, and their response with collective action. All three elements center around the urban poor’s continuous exploitation and marginalization. This study aims to contribute to the growing literature on collective resistance through a communication approach, highlighting the participation of the marginalized group or sector’s lived experiences as imperative in establishing resistance. The findings on this study may be used by policymakers, development practitioners, and researchers in understanding how communication is a critical component in social mobilization.
Power system modelling in Colombia: Expansion planning to reach net zero emissions by 2050 and assessment of employment generation (UFJF - Global July 2023)
Creators: name: Viana, Rodrigo
name: Moreira, Yasmine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Colombia has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 51% by 2030 as part of the Paris Agreement, with an additional target of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. The energy sector accounts for a third of emissions net GHG emissions in the country; therefore, its decarbonization is crucial to enable the achievement of these goals. In this study, we evaluate plausible decarbonization pathways using an open source national energy system optimization model (OSeMOSYS). We assessed three scenarios over 2015-2070 and compared them in terms of emissions, energy consumption, technology deployment, costs and benefits.
Power system modelling in Colombia: Expansion planning to reach net zero emissions by 2050 and assessment of employment generation (UFJF - Global July 2023))
Creators: name: Viana, Rodrigo
name: Moreira, Yasmine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Colombia has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 51% by 2030 as part of the Paris Agreement, with an additional target of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. The energy sector accounts for a third of emissions net GHG emissions in the country; therefore, its decarbonization is crucial to enable the achievement of these goals. In this study, we evaluate plausible decarbonization pathways using an open source national energy system optimization model (OSeMOSYS). We assessed three scenarios over 2015-2070 and compared them in terms of emissions, energy consumption, technology deployment, costs and benefits.
Dark matter from dark energy in q-theory
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A constant (spacetime-independent) $q$-field may play a crucial role for the cancellation of Planck-scale contributions to the gravitating vacuum energy density. We now show that a small spacetime-dependent perturbation of the equilibrium $q$-field behaves gravitationally as a pressureless perfect fluid. This makes the fluctuating part of the $q$-field a candidate for the inferred dark-matter component of the present universe. For a Planck-scale oscillation frequency of the $q$-field perturbation, the implication would be that direct searches for dark-matter particles would remain unsuccessful in the foreseeable future.
description: 4 pages; published version
Informal But Specialized: Mousterian Bone Hideworking Tools from Combe-Grenal (Dordogne, France)
Creators: name: Tartar, Elise
name: Legrand-Pineau, Alexandra
name: Claud, Emilie
name: Costamagno, Sandrine
name: Discamps, Emmanuel
name: Faivre, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: The emergence and subsequent development of bone tool technologies represents an important step in the evolution of human behavior. Here we present a technological, morphometric and functional analysis of ten bone tools with smoothed ends from the Quina and Levallois levels of the Mousterian site of Combe-Grenal (Dordogne, France). The ends of these shaft fragments were first abraded and then used to work dry, defleshed hides in order to render them softer and more flexible. We identified three morpho-functional tool types that were probably used in different hide softening stages. Several examples of each tool type were also used as retouchers to shape and resharpen stone tools that were likely used during the same hide processing stages. These informal, expedient but specialized bone tools therefore potentially represent a complete toolkit for softening hides. While use-wear analysis of stone tools most often provides information concerning the initial stages of hide processing, the Combe-Grenal bone tools show this process was at times both complex and sophisticated, allowing for the creation of a wide range of items, particularly clothing to guard against the cold and inclement weather. Until now, this level of technical sophistication was considered unique to anatomically modern humans. In addition, our study demonstrates the significant informative potential of informal bone tools for better understanding the complexity and diversity of Neanderthal behavior. By shedding light on activities with typically weak archeological signatures, these informal tools provide new insights concerning the technical responses of Neanderthal groups to fulfill specific needs. Finally, our results highlight the need to better document the role of bone as a raw material for Neanderthal groups in order to explore the socio-economic mechanisms that gave rise to complex bone and antler-based technologies during the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Entheseal Patterns Suggest Habitual Tool Use in Early Hominins
Creators: name: Kunze, Jana
name: Karakostis, Fotios Alexandros
name: Merker, Stefan
name: Peresani, Marco
name: Hotz, Gerhard
name: Tourloukis, Vangelis
name: Harvati, Katerina
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: Systematic tool use is a central component of the human niche. However, the timing and mode of its evolution remain poorly understood. A newly developed method for the analysis of muscle recruitment patterns (Validated Entheses-based Reconstruction of Activity - V.E.R.A.) has recently been experimentally shown to provide clear and reliable evidence of habitual activity during life from skeletal remains. It is thus ideal to investigate the emergence of tool-related behaviors in the human fossil record. Here, we investigate this question by applying V.E.R.A. to the attachment proportions of thumb (first metacarpal) muscles considered crucial for tool use, in combination with a geometric morphometric analysis of bone shape. Our sample comprises modern humans, extant great apes, Neanderthals, Homo naledi, three Australopithecus species (A. afarensis, A. africanus and A. sediba) and a taxonomically unassigned fossil hominin from Swartkrans, South Africa. Results show that modern humans are distinct from extant non-human great apes in the recruitment patterns of the thumb muscles examined, as expected. Importantly, all hominins except A. africanus exhibit human-like thumb muscle use irrespective of the overall shape of their first metacarpal. This pattern supports habitual tool-related behaviors in these early taxa—excluding A. africanus—despite their lack of skeletal adaptations for efficient tool use observed in the first metacarpals of later Homo. Our findings strongly suggest habitual tool use by early hominins, and indicate an early, mosaic establishment of this behavior among Australopithecus taxa, preceding the evolution of tool-related biomechanical adaptations of the hominin hand and consistent with recent archaeological discoveries.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Lattice and spin dynamics in a low-symmetry antiferromagnet NiWO$_4$
Creators: name: Prosnikov, M. A.
name: Davydov, V. Yu.
name: Smirnov, A. N.
name: Volkov, M. P.
name: Pisarev, R. V.
name: Becker, P.
name: Bohatý, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice and magnetic dynamics of NiWO$_4$ single crystals were studied with the use of polarized Raman spectroscopy in a wide temperature range of 10-300 K including the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature $T_N$=62 K. Static magnetic measurements were used for characterizing the single crystals. All Raman-active phonons predicted by the group theory were observed and characterized. Magnetic symmetry analysis was used to determine possible magnetic space groups for NiWO$_4$ which can be also applied to any other isostructural crystal with the same magnetic propagation vector k=(1/2,0,0). Though the magnetic structure of NiWO$_4$ is relatively simple, a rich set of narrow and broad magnetic excitations with different polarization properties and temperature behavior in the very broad frequency range of 10-200 cm$^{-1}$ was observed, with some modes surviving at temperatures much higher than $T_N$ up to 220 K. Part of the magnetic excitations was identified as acoustic and optical spin-wave branches which allow us to construct exchange structure and estimate exchange and anisotropy constants with the use of linear spin-wave theory. Since the magnetic structure can be described as exchange-coupled AFM chains of $S=1$ ions, previously unobserved magnetic excitation at 24 cm$^{-1}$ is tentatively assigned to a Haldane gap mode.
Literatura latynoamerykańska na warsztacie współczesnych badaczy w Polsce i w Czechach
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego. Filia w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim
Year: 2021

description: Zbiór rozpraw naukowych pt. Literatura latynoamerykańska na warsztacie współczesnych badaczy w Polsce i Czechach, stanowi prezentację najnowszych tendencji w badaniach nad literaturą latynoamerykańską w Polsce i w Czechach. Badania takie, rozwinięte szczególnie w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach, legitymują się po stronie polskiej szeregiem cennych monografii i syntez. Jednakże od ich wydania minęło już kilkanaście lat. W tym okresie ukazały się nowe publikacje. Praca zbiorowa pt. Literatura latynoamerykańska na warsztacie współczesnych badaczy w Polsce i Czechach w ostatecznym kształcie stanowi aktualny przegląd prac badaczy z ośrodków naukowych w Polsce i w Czechach. Tematyka monografii pod redakcją Danuty Muchy oparta jest na aktualnych zagadnieniach literatury Ameryki Łacińskiej, nad którymi pochylają się uczeni dwóch sąsiadujących państw: Polski i Czech. Wybór Czech nie jest przypadkowy, albowiem w kraju tym istnieją przekłady dzieł pisarzy Ameryki Łacińskiej, których nie posiadamy w Polsce (m.in.: powieść „El señor Presidente” Miguela Ángela Asturiasa, napisana frazeologizmami gwatemalskimi), co świadczy o żywych zainteresowaniach Czechów literaturą latynoamerykańską. Prezentacja w wyżej wymienionym zbiorze aktualnych przedsięwzięć badawczych posłużyć może jako źródło cytowań i inspiracji badawczych oraz translatorskich. Odbiorcą mogą być zarówno naukowcy, jak i studenci, a także inni pasjonaci Ameryki Łacińskiej, w tym przede wszystkim przyszli tłumacze, mający wiele do zrobienia na tym gruncie.
Bayesian truncation errors in chiral effective field theory: nucleon-nucleon observables
Creators: name: Melendez, J. A.
name: Wesolowski, S.
name: Furnstahl, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral effective field theory (EFT) predictions are necessarily truncated at some order in the EFT expansion, which induces an error that must be quantified for robust statistical comparisons to experiment. In previous work, a Bayesian model for truncation errors of perturbative expansions was adapted to EFTs. The model yields posterior probability distribution functions (pdfs) for these errors based on expectations of naturalness encoded in Bayesian priors and the observed order-by-order convergence pattern of the EFT. A first application was made to chiral EFT for neutron-proton scattering using the semi-local potentials of Epelbaum, Krebs, and Meißner (EKM). Here we extend this application to consider a larger set of regulator parameters, energies, and observables as a general example of a statistical approach to truncation errors. The Bayesian approach allows for statistical validations of the assumptions and enables the calculation of posterior pdfs for the EFT breakdown scale. The statistical model is validated for EKM potentials whose convergence behavior is not distorted by regulator artifacts. For these cases, the posterior for the breakdown scale is consistent with EKM assumptions.
description: 24 pages. Corresponds to published version
Suppression of electronic correlations by chemical pressure from FeSe to FeS
Creators: name: Reiss, P.
name: Watson, M. D.
name: Kim, T. K.
name: Haghighirad, A. A.
name: Woodruff, D. N.
name: Bruma, M.
name: Clarke, S. J.
name: Coldea, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-based chalcogenides are complex superconducting systems in which orbitally-dependent electronic correlations play an important role. Here, using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we investigate the effect of these electronic correlations outside the nematic phase in the tetragonal phase of superconducting FeSe1-xSx (x = 0; 0:18; 1). With increasing sulfur substitution, the Fermi velocities increase significantly and the band renormalizations are suppressed towards a factor of 1.5-2 for FeS. Furthermore, the chemical pressure leads to an increase in the size of the quasi-two dimensional Fermi surface, compared with that of FeSe, however, it remains smaller than the predicted one from first principle calculations for FeS. Our results show that the isoelectronic substitution is an effective way to tune electronic correlations in FeSe1-xSx, being weakened for FeS with a lower superconducting transition temperature. This suggests indirectly that electronic correlations could help to promote higher-Tc superconductivity in FeSe.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
W stronę kreatywności. Z Ameryką Łacińską w tle
Creators: name: Mucha, Danuta
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego. Filia w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim
Year: 2021

description: Tematyką książki "W stronę kreatywności. Z Ameryką Łacińską w tle" Danuty Muchy jest obraz Ameryki Łacińskiej ukazany w pisemnych pracach studentów filologii angielskiej po wykładzie Danuty Muchy na temat kultury i społeczeństwa Ameryki Łacińskiej z zastosowaniem kreatywnego warsztatu naukowego, opracowanego w programie creative writing Danuty Muchy. Ujęcie takie jest na wskroś nowatorskie, a jego wstępnej oceny podjął się Gwatemalczyk-poeta, tłumacz i intelektualista, Renato Vasquez Velasquez, mieszkający w Ameryce Łacińskiej. W swej opinii napisał m.in.: Czytanie tego, co napisali studenci o Ameryce Łacińskiej, robi wrażenie, gdyż poza wiedzą, odczuwają oni rytmy muzyczne i ducha uroczystości. Odnosi się wrażenie, że oni tu byli, że faktycznie odwiedzili Amerykę Łacińską. ( Gwatemala, Ameryka Centralna, 22 kwiecień 2021)
DAVLAT QONUN HUJJATLARINING QISHLOQ XO'JALIGI AMALIYOTIGA TA'SIRI
Creators: name: SARSENBAEVA, SAYORA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezis barqarorlik va mahsuldorlik o'rtasidagi muvozanatga e'tibor qaratib, ekologiya qoidalarining qishloq xo'jaligi amaliyotiga ta'sirini o'rganadi. Unda me’yoriy-huquqiy baza, fermerlar duch keladigan muammolar hamda qishloq xo‘jaligi sektorida innovatsiyalar va moslashish imkoniyatlari o‘rganiladi. Amaliy tadqiqotlar va tahlillar orqali tadqiqot qishloq xo'jaligi kelajagini shakllantirishda ekologik qonunlarning muhim rolini ta'kidlaydi.
Constraints on neutrino masses from Lyman-alpha forest power spectrum with BOSS and XQ-100
Creators: name: Yeche, Ch.
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, N.
name: Baur, J .
name: BourBoux, H. du Mas des
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on masses of active and sterile neutrinos. We use the one-dimensional Ly$α$-forest power spectrum from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) and from the VLT/XSHOOTER legacy survey (XQ-100). In this paper, we present our own measurement of the power spectrum with the publicly released XQ-100 quasar spectra. Fitting Ly$α$ data alone leads to cosmological parameters in excellent agreement with the values derived independently from Planck 2015 Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. Combining BOSS and XQ-100 Ly$α$ power spectra, we constrain the sum of neutrino masses to $\sum m_ν< 0.8$ eV (95\% C.L). With the addition of CMB data, this bound is tightened to $\sum m_ν< 0.14$ eV (95\% C.L.). With their sensitivity to small scales, Ly$α$ data are ideal to constrain $Λ$WDM models. Using XQ-100 alone, we issue lower bounds on pure dark matter particles: $m_X \gtrsim 2.08 \: \rm{keV}$ (95\% C.L.) for early decoupled thermal relics, and $m_s \gtrsim 10.2 \: \rm{keV}$ (95\% C.L.) for non-resonantly produced right-handed neutrinos. Combining the 1D Ly$α$ forest power spectrum measured by BOSS and XQ-100, we improve the two bounds to $m_X \gtrsim 4.17 \: \rm{keV}$ and $m_s \gtrsim 25.0 \: \rm{keV}$ (95\% C.L.). The $3~σ$ bound shows a more significant improvement, increasing from $m_X \gtrsim 2.74 \: \rm{keV}$ for BOSS alone to $m_X \gtrsim 3.10 \: \rm{keV}$ for the combined BOSS+XQ-100 data set. Finally, we include in our analysis the first two redshift bins ($z=4.2$ and $z=4.6$) of the power spectrum measured with the high-resolution HIRES/MIKE spectrographs. The addition of HIRES/MIKE power spectrum allows us to further improve the two limits to $m_X \gtrsim 4.65 \: \rm{keV}$ and $m_s \gtrsim 28.8 \: \rm{keV}$ (95\% C.L.).
Identifying the tilt angle and correcting the orbital angular momentum spectrum dispersion of misaligned light beam
Creators: name: Zhao, Peng
name: Li, Shikang
name: Wang, Yu
name: Feng, Xue
name: Cui, Kaiyu
name: Liu, Fang
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Huang, Yidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axis tilt of light beam in optical system would introduce the dispersion of orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum. To deal with it, a two-step method is proposed and demonstrated. First, the tilt angle of optical axis is identified with a deduced relation between the tilt angle and the variation of OAM topological charges with different reference axes, which is obtained with the help of a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. In our experiments, the precision of measured tilt angle is about 10-4rad with OAM orders of -3~3. Using the measured angle value, the additional phase delay due to axis tilt can be calculated so that the dispersion of OAM spectrum can be corrected with a simple formula while the optical axis is not aligned. The experimental results indicate that the original OAM spectrum has been successfully extracted for not only the pure OAM state but also the superposed OAM states.
Predictive value of motor-evoked potentials for motor recovery in patients with hemiparesis secondary to acute ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Yen, Cheng-Chang
name: Chen, Hsin-Hung
name: Lee, Chao-Hsien
name: Lin, Ching-Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Motor recovery following a stroke is related to the initial stroke severity and corticospinal tract integrity. One of the outcomes representing corticospinal tract integrity is the motor evoked potential (MEP). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of MEP for motor recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients with hemiparesis secondary to initial acute ischemic stroke were enrolled. MEPs of the upper limb were assessed as preserved (MEP+) or absent (MEP-) response ≤10 days post-stroke. Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) was performed at baseline and post-stroke at 30 and 90 days. A modified Rankin scale (mRS) was conducted at 90 days post-stroke. Patients were divided into two groups according to the highest FMA score of MEP- patients. Generalized estimating equations and logistic regression were used for our study analysis. Sixty-one participants were included in this study. The highest FMA score of MEP- patients ≤10 days after stroke was 38. Among patients with an initial FMA score ≤38, FMA scores at 30 and 90 days post-stroke were significantly higher in MEP + patients than in MEP- patients. Proportional recovery at 30 and 90 days post-stroke was significantly higher in MEP + patients than in MEP- patients. MEP + patients had a higher percentage of good functional outcomes than MEP- patients, without statistical difference. Among patients with initial FMA score >38, FMA scores were 60.4 ± 4.8 and 63.9 ± 2.9 and proportional recovery was 65.2 ± 27.0% and 83.7 ± 24.6% at 30 and 90 days post-stroke, respectively. Among patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke, MEP + patients had better motor recoveries (approximately 70%) than MEP– patients at 90 days post-stroke. MEP + patients had better functional outcomes than MEP- patients. Among patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke, those with positive motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) had better motor recovery than those with negative MEPs at 90 days post-stroke. Assessment of motor-evoked potentials is a reliable method for predicting motor recovery in patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke. Corticospinal tract function of patients with acute ischemic stroke was tested with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Covid-19 pandemic in Cross River state, Nigeria.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The novel coronavirus disease, first reported in China (Jewel, 2020), hit the global scene with unprecedented speed and high mortality rates. Cross River State generated some psychosocial issues, and structures were implemented to handle the challenges. This discourse highlights observations made during the early days of the pandemic. Cross River State (CRS) is in the South-South Geo-political zone of Nigeria. It has an estimated population of 2,892,988, spanning 18 Local Government Areas. As of the 26th of June, 2020, it was the only State within the Federation without a confirmed case of COVID-19 (Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, NCDC, 2020). This was as a result of proactive measures taken by the Government to immediately close all her inter-State borders (Ayade, 2020). Other measures include massive sensitization on new social behaviors, as stipulated by NCDC guidelines. The State-enforced a partial lockdown, and movements were only allowed within the State. Food-related businesses were opened, and the State put in place palliative measures for the less privileged. Further, tax waivers were granted for street traders and hawkers, r 8,000 youths between the ages of 18-35 years were employed on a minimum wage of N30,000 ( Uchechukwu, 2020).
Elgin on Science, Art and Understanding
Creators: name: Briesen, Jochen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Catherine Z. Elgin
subject: art
subject: epistemological theory
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::100 Philosophie::101 Theorie der Philosophie

description: Is art epistemically valuable? Catherine Z. Elgin answers this question in the affirmative. She argues for the epistemic value of art on the basis of her innovative epistemological theory, in which the focus is shifted from knowledge and truth to a non-factive account of understanding. After an exposition and critique of her view, as she develops it in her most recent book “True Enough” (MIT-Press, 2017), I will build on some of her ideas in order to strengthen her account.
Radiative heat transfer and nonequilibrium Casimir-Lifshitz force in many-body systems with planar geometry
Creators: name: Latella, Ivan
name: Ben-Abdallah, Philippe
name: Biehs, Svend-Age
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Messina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general theory of photon-mediated energy and momentum transfer in N-body planar systems out of thermal equilibrium is introduced. It is based on the combination of the scattering theory and the fluctuational-electrodynamics approach in many-body systems. By making a Landauer-like formulation of the heat transfer problem, explicit formulas for the energy transmission coefficients between two distinct slabs as well as the self-coupling coefficients are derived and expressed in terms of the reflection and transmission coefficients of the single bodies. We also show how to calculate local equilibrium temperatures in such systems. An analogous formulation is introduced to quantify momentum transfer coefficients describing Casimir-Lifshitz forces out of thermal equilibrium. Forces at thermal equilibrium are readily obtained as a particular case. As an illustration of this general theoretical framework, we show on three-body systems how the presence of a fourth slab can impact equilibrium temperatures in heat-transfer problems and equilibrium positions resulting from the forces acting on the system.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Analyzing X-Ray tomographies of granular packings
Creators: name: Weis, Simon
name: Schröter, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from three-dimensional volume data of a granular packing, as e.g. obtained by X-ray Computed Tomography, we discuss methods to first detect the individual particles in the sample and then analyze their properties. This analysis includes the pair correlation function, the volume and shape of the Voronoi cells and the number and type of contacts formed between individual particles. We mainly focus on packings of monodisperse spheres, but we will also comment on other monoschematic particles such as ellipsoids and tetrahedra. This paper is accompanied by a package of free software containing all programs (including source code) and an example three-dimensional dataset which allows the reader to reproduce and modify all examples given.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, submitted to review of scientific instruments, Issue 18
Slavery and Race in the Encyclopaedia Britannica (1768-1860): A Text Mining Approach'
Creators: name: Charlton, Ash
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Text mining
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Slavery

description: In her research, Ash seeks to identify and analyse diachronic changes in the representation of discussions on slavery through the first eight editions of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Ash is using a combined approach of digital methods to interrogate this dataset, including frequency counts of keywords to guide close readings of Encyclopaedia Britannica entries, and the contexts that these keywords appear in to determine meaning and gain a wider view of these topics and the connections between them. The research also explores the links between articles relating to slavery through network analysis, to determine where explicit links are made between articles – and crucially, where these links are not made. In doing so, she will determine the representations of slavery throughout the early Encyclopaedia Britannica, conveyed through how these knowledge networks are constructed, and the extent of change in these networks across these editions. In mapping these connections, this research identifies important methodological questions as to how we begin to develop best practice approaches for recognizing and analysing the legacies within our information environment.
description: Doctoral research showcase