Alysia macularis Zhu & Achterberg & Chen 2018, sp. n.
Creators: name: Zhu, Jia-Chen
name: Achterberg, Cornelis Van
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Alysia
Alysia macularis

description: Alysia macularis sp. n.   
Figs 3–4  
 Type material. Holotype, ♀ (ZJUH), “ [NE. China:] Hebei, Mt. Xiaowutai, Mt. Dongling, 21.?.2005, Zhang Hongying, 2100m, No. 200608024.” Paratypes: 1♀ (ZJUH), Hebei, Mt. Xiaowutai, Shanxunkou, 22.?.2005, Shi Min, 1200m, No. 200608127; 1♀, id., but No. 200608219; 2♂, id., but Zhang Hongying, No. 200608628; Shi Min, 200608354.   
 Diagnosis. Body dark reddish brown (Fig. 3); eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple (Fig. 4I); eye in lateral view 1.3 × higher than wide; frons smooth; vertex and temple smooth (Fig. 4I); face 2.2 × wider than high, rather convex and with a longitudinal ridge medially (Fig. 4J); clypeus small, subtriangular and densely and finely reticulate-punctate; precoxal sulcus narrowly crenulated, not reaching middle coxa or anterior edge of epicnemial area; notauli incomplete, not impressed on mesoscutal disc (Figs 4C, D); medio-posterior depression deep and droplet-shaped, almost extending to middle of mesoscutum and mesoscutum mainly anteriorly distinctly setose (Fig. 4D); metapleuron reticulate-rugose ventrally, remainder smooth; surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with a medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly (Fig. 4E); pterostigma wide, 3.8 × longer than its maximum width (Fig. 4A); hind coxa smooth (Fig. 4N); length of first tergite 1.4 × its apical width, its surface longitudinally striate, its dorsal carinae remaining widely separated (Fig. 4E); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.3 × as long as fore wing (total visible sheath 0.3 times), and almost equal hind tibia (Fig. 4H); mesoscutum with light reddish brown patch; propodeum and first tergite of metasoma black (Fig. 3).   
 Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 2.8 mm, of fore wing 3.3 mm.   
Head. Transverse, width of head 1.5 × its lateral length, and 1.4 × wider than mesoscutum (Fig. 4I); antenna with 29 antennomere, third antennomere (including annellus) 1.3 × longer than fourth segment, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomere 2.6, 2.0 and 2.0 × their width, respectively (Fig. 4G); length of maxillary palp almost equal to height of head (Fig. 3); eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple; eye in lateral view 1.3 × higher than wide (Fig. 4E); frons, vertex and temple smooth (Fig. 4E); OOL:diameter of ocellus:POL= 11:3:4; face 2.2 × wider than high, rather convex medially, with a longitudinal ridge medially (Fig. 4J); clypeus small, subtriangular and densely and finely reticulate-punctate (Fig. 4J); mandible widened apically, dorsal tooth enlarged, lobe-shaped (Fig. 4L), ventral tooth medium-sized and lobe-shaped (Fig. 4M), middle tooth curved and acute, with no incision between first and second tooth, medial length of mandible 1.2 × its maximum width.  
Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height (Fig. 4C); pronope absent (Fig. 4I); medio-anteriorly pronotum crenulate, remainder of pronotum smooth; epicnemial area crenulate; precoxal sulcus narrowly crenulate, not reaching middle coxa or anterior edge of epicnemial area (Fig. 4C); pleural sulcus narrowly crenulated ventrally; episternal scrobe linear and deep (Fig. 4C); metapleuron reticulate-rugose ventrally, remainder smooth (Fig. 4C); mesonotum with sparse setae present along notauli and anterior part of middle lobe of mesoscutum (Fig. 4D); notauli incomplete, not impressed on disc; medio-posterior depression deep and dropletshaped, almost extending to middle of mesoscutum; scutellar sulcus deep, with one longitudinal carina and two small carinae, sulcus 3.7 × wider than its maximum length (Fig. 4D); scutellum smooth; surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly (Fig. 4E).  
Wings (Figs 4A–B). Pterostigma wide, 3.8 × longer than its maximum width; r:3-SR:SR1 = 5:12:50; 1-SR+M nearly straight; SR1 straight; r 0.5 × as long as width of pterostigma; cu-a interstitial; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1: 20; 3-CU1 as long as CU1b; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 20:15:12; m-cu interstitial, converging to 1-M posteriorly; first subdiscal cell 3.6times as long as wide; M+CU1 largely unsclerotized. Hind wing: M+CU: 1-M: 1r-m = 25:17:15; m-cu weakly postfurcal.  
Legs. Hind coxa smooth, without ventro-basal tubercle; tarsal claws slender, longer than arolium (Fig. 4N); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.3, 7.5 and 5.0 × their width, respectively; apical appendages of hind tarsal segments absent, segments ventrally with dense bristles (Fig. 4N).  
Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.4 × its apical width, its surface with longitudinally striate, its dorsal carinae widely separate (Fig. 4E); dorsope distinct; convexity of upper valve of ovipositor steep basally; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.3 × as long as fore wing (total visible sheath 0.3 times), and almost equal hind tibia (Fig. 4H).  
Colour. Dark reddish brown (Fig. 3); two basal segments of antenna and mandible brownish yellow; mesonotum with light reddish-brown patch posteriorly; propodeum and first tergite of metasoma black; legs yellowish brown, but anterior part of hind coxa, apical part of hind tibia and hind tarsus reddish brown; pterostigma and veins brown; wing membrane hyaline.  
Variation. Male similar to female, body length of ♂ 3.3–3.5 mm; of fore wing 3.0– 3.3 mm; antennal segments of ♂ 36 (1). Females have body length 2.8–3.3 mm, and length of fore wing 3.4–3.7 mm, antennal segments of ♀ 29 (2) or 30(1).  
 Comparative diagnosis. This species is similar to A. longifrons Belokobylskij but differs by having a comparatively square head (width of head 1.5 × its lateral length versus 1.8–2.0 in A. longifrons); surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly (versus entirely densely reticulate-rugose); body dark reddish brown, mesonotum with light reddishbrown patch (versus black).   
 Etymology. Named “ macularis ” because the mesonotum has a light reddish-brown patch: “ macula ” is Latin for “patch”.
description: Published as part of Zhu, Jia-Chen, Achterberg, Cornelis Van & Chen, Xue-Xin, 2018, Review of the genus Alysia Latreille (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae), with description of six new species from China, pp. 1-42 in Zootaxa 4500 (1) on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4500.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5755225