cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of juvenile foraging ecology and growth in the evolution of life history strategies for southern elephant seals
Creators: name: Field, IC
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In highly dynamic and unpredictable environments such as the Southern Ocean, species that have evolved behaviours that reduce the effects of intra-specific competition may have a selective advantage. This is particularly true when juveniles face disadvantages when foraging due to morphological or physiological limitation, such as in the case of many marine mammals. Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) are a major consumer of biomass in the Southern Ocean with a global distribution. Recent modelling of the Macquarie Island population concluded that juvenile survival is a key parameter in influencing the rates of population change and as an important demographic component of the population. Resource limitation has been suggested as the primary reason for the change in numbers of these populations and this coupled with the importance of juvenile rates of survival influencing population change may provide some insight into explaining any reduction in juvenile survival. Until now, little has been known about these juveniles, ontogenetic and intra-specific differences in life history and foraging ecology have been suggested but not investigated. During this juvenile stage individuals undergo many morphometric and physiological changes as they develop toward maturity. Therefore, it would seem likely that studying the foraging ecology and growth and development patterns of this demographic group may show the proximate processes in affecting population dynamics. This study has followed juvenile seals as they grow and develop rapidly toward adulthood observing changes in foraging areas or strategies and associated changes in prey availability, differences in the seasonal availability of prey, changes in morphology and physiology for growth, maintenance or provisioning toward adulthood. In this thesis I present data for: 1) Anaesthesia for safe handling - I assessed the effects of variation in body condition and age at on the characteristics of anaesthesia, including induction time and dose-specific recovery rate which has increased the control over immobilisation level and duration, and reduces handling times for wild pinnipeds. 2) Foraging range and 3) Habitat use of the Southern Ocean -I tracked the at-sea movements of juvenile southern elephant seals using locations derived from recorded light levels. 4) Diet - I describe intra-specific dietary differences in prey composition and size. 5) Metabolic estimates and energy use and 6) Growth and body condition changes - I examined changes in mass and body composition of juvenile southern elephant seals during and between their annual moult and mid-year haul-outs. General discussion - These key ecological areas of an important predator has increased our understanding of the evolutionary and ecological interactions that influence the population dynamics of southern elephant seals at Macquarie Island and the structure of the Southern Ocean ecosystem.
Maxwell Superalgebra and Superparticle in Constant Gauge Backgrounds
Creators: name: Bonanos, Sotirios
name: Gomis, Joaquim
name: Kamimura, Kiyoshi
name: Lukierski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present SuperMaxwell algebra: an N=1, D=4 algebra with two Majorana supercharges, obtained as the minimal enlargement of superPoincare containing the Maxwell algebra as a subalgebra. The new superalgebra describes the supersymmetries of generalized N=1, D=4 superspace in the presence of a constant Abelian SUSY field strength background. Applying the techniques of non-linear coset realization to the Maxwell supergroup we propose a new kappa-invariant massless superparticle model providing a dynamical realization of the SuperMaxwell algebra.
description: 10 pages, no figure, Title change on publication, Comments added
title: Effects of Pesticides on Immune Competency: Influence Of Methyl Parathion and Carbofuran on Immunologic Responses to Salmonella Typhimurium Infection
Creators: name: Fan, Anna M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: Immunologic competence is correlated with resistance to infectious disease which may be affected by exposure to certain compounds. Methyl parathion (MP) and carbofuran (CF) have been reported to affect the development of active immunity in the rabbit and the present research was conducted to quantify the dosage relationships of these two pesticides to both host resistance and acquired resistance in the mouse.
Preliminary study was made on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Mortality rates among infected animals fed Purina Laboratory Chow diet providing 0.08, 0.7 3.0 mg MP/kg/day or 0.1, 0.6, 1.0 mg CF/kg/day along with untreated controls were determined and protection afforded the animals by vaccination under the influence of chemical treatment was examined. The nature of dose response was further investigated with the study of various parameters of host defense against microbial infection. Measurements were made of the bacterial population in tissues of mice during and after the course of infection, differential leukocyte counts, in vivo and in vitro opsonic effect of serum, clearance of the reticulo-endothelial system, agglutination titers of serum, total serum gamma-globulin levels, serum immunoglobulin levels with classes and subclasses, and lymphocyte response to mitogen stimulation.
Dosage-related increases in mortality were seen in unvaccinated mice under both chemical treatments, and protection by immunization was decreased. Pesticide treatment extending beyond two weeks was required to obtain significant increases in mortality. Increased mortality was associated with increased numbers of viable bacteria in blood, decreased total gamma-globulins and specific immunoglobulins in serum, and reduced splenic blast transformation in response to mitogens. Serum opsonic activity of CF-treated animals was slightly reduced. These results support those of other investigations indicating effects of environmental toxicants upon the resistance and immune competency of experimental animals.
Updates on genome-wide association findings in eating disorders and future application to precision medicine
Creators: name: Hübel, C.
name: Breithaupt, L.
name: Bulik, C.M.
Publisher: name: Bentham Science Publishers B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Heterogeneity, frequent diagnostic fluctuation across presentations, and global concerns with the absence of effective treatments all encourage science that moves the field toward individualized or precision medicine in eating disorders. We review recent advances in psychiatric genetics focusing on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in eating disorders. Given that the only eating disorder to be the subject of GWAS to date is anorexia nervosa, we review anorexia GWAS and enumerate the prospects and challenges of a genomics-driven approach towards personalized intervention in eating disorders.
Decomposition and optimal control theory
Creators: name: Masak, Mart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The objective of this thesis is to investigate decomposition and its applicability to the theory of optimal control. The work begins with a representation of the structure of the optimal control problem in terms of directed graphs. This representation exposes a strong connectedness property leading to fundamental difficulties which are central in limiting the class of control problems to which decomposition can successfully be applied. Computational problems of optimal control are then considered, and decomposition is found to provide a framework within which to analyse numerical methods suitable for parallel processing. A number of such methods are shown and a numerical example is used to illustrate the viability of one of these. In the second part of the thesis, the optimal control law synthesis problem is discussed together with an inverse problem. The latter concerns the requirement of a second-level co-ordinator in a hierarchical structure. A multi-level controller is then suggested for a class of systems. The effect of this controller structure is to provide a performance very close to the optimal while maintaining adequate sub-optimal control in case of a breakdown of the second-level co-ordinator. The structure is justified on the basis of the second variation theory of the calculus of variations. Finally, a new computational technique founded on the geometrical concepts of optimal control theory is introduced. This results in replacing the unstable co-state variables associated with Pontryagin's maximum principle with a set of bounded variables. The facility in the choice of initial iterates makes the method promising.
title: Occupational Aspirations and Migration: A Comparison of Rural Youth with High, Medium, and Low occupational Aspirations and their Chances for Migration
Creators: name: Brooks, W. Trevor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2005

description: By using a social psychological approach, this research investigated whether occupational aspirations lead to migration. From the literature, we know that rural youth have lower occupational aspirations than their urban counterparts. We also know that rural youth often lower their occupational aspirations because of the confusion created between the benefits of moving for school and the attachment felt for home. We do not know, however the connection between occupational aspirations and migration. Are young to middle-aged adults in rural areas with higher occupational aspirations more likely to migrate out of rural areas than young to middle-aged adults with lower aspirations? The age group for this study is 14-35. Aspirations were measured using Duncan's socioeconomic index (SEI) with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth in 1979. Results show that youth with high occupational aspirations migrate more than youth with medium and low occupational aspirations. They are also more likely to migrate from rural to urban counties and to have lived in a different county of residence in 1980 than 2002.
Security Analysis of an Untrusted Source for Quantum Key Distribution: Passive Approach
Creators: name: Zhao, Yi
name: Qi, Bing
name: Lo, Hoi-Kwong
name: Qian, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a passive approach to the security analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an untrusted source. A complete proof of its unconditional security is also presented. This scheme has significant advantages in real-life implementations as it does not require fast optical switching or a quantum random number generator. The essential idea is to use a beam splitter to split each input pulse. We show that we can characterize the source using a cross-estimate technique without active routing of each pulse. We have derived analytical expressions for the passive estimation scheme. Moreover, using simulations, we have considered four real-life imperfections: Additional loss introduced by the "plug & play" structure, inefficiency of the intensity monitor, noise of the intensity monitor, and statistical fluctuation introduced by finite data size. Our simulation results show that the passive estimate of an untrusted source remains useful in practice, despite these four imperfections. Also, we have performed preliminary experiments, confirming the utility of our proposal in real-life applications. Our proposal makes it possible to implement the "plug & play" QKD with the security guaranteed, while keeping the implementation practical.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures. Published Version
Solving the Eating Disorders Puzzle Piece by Piece
Creators: name:  Breen, G.
name: Bulik, C.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2017

description: Albeit slowly, we are beginning to piece together the complex biological puzzle of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). The article by Lutter et al. in this issue of Biological Psychiatry brings us one step closer to understanding these illnesses.
Some examples of universal and generic partial orders
Creators: name: Nesetril, Jaroslav
name: Hubicka, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A06

description: We survey structures endowed with natural partial orderings and prove their universality. These partial orders include partial orders on sets of words, partial orders formed by geometric objects, grammars, polynomials and homomorphism order for various combinatorial objects.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures. Updated version with many grammar fixes and also few minor corrections in proof in Section 3. Accepted for Model theoretic methods in finite Combinatorics
title: Fear of Crime Within the Boomtown Setting
Creators: name: Bartlett, Jerry
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the phenomenon of fear of crime in the context of two highly distinct small town environments: one characterized by extremely rapid population growth due to energy development, and the other characterized by relative stability and slow population expansion. Although in general prior fear of crime research has indicated relatively low levels of fear in rural small towns, the altered social environment of the rapid growth community may result in substantially heightened fear of crime. Using survey data collected from random samples of households in each of the study communities, the relationships between fear of crime and community of residence was examined, as were relationships between fear and respondents' age, sex, length of residence, and criminal victimization experiences. Results indicate substantially higher fear of crime among boomtown residents, a finding which is tentatively interpreted as indicative of more general social disruption under conditions of rapid growth.
LinkRank: Finding communities in directed networks
Creators: name: Kim, Youngdo
name: Son, Seung-Woo
name: Jeong, Hawoong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To identify communities in directed networks, we propose a generalized form of modularity in directed networks by introducing a new quantity LinkRank, which can be considered as the PageRank of links. This generalization is consistent with the original modularity in undirected networks and the modularity optimization methods developed for undirected networks can be directly applied to directed networks by optimizing our new modularity. Also, a model network, which can be used as a benchmark network in further community studies, is proposed to verify our method. Our method is supposed to find communities effectively in citation- or reference-based directed networks.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Implicit weight bias in children age 9 to 11 years
Creators: name: Perrin, E.M.
name: Payne, K.
name: Perrin, A.J.
name: Panter, A.T.
name: Howard, J.B.
name: Skinner, A.C.
name: Steiner, M.J.
name: Bardone-Cone, A.
name: Bulik, C.M.
Publisher: name: American Academy of Pediatrics
Year: 2017

description: OBJECTIVES: Assess implicit weight bias in children 9 to 11 years old. METHODS: Implicit weight bias was measured in children ages 9 to 11 (N = 114) by using the Affect Misattribution Procedure. Participants were shown a test image of a child for 350 milliseconds followed by a meaningless fractal (200 milliseconds), and then they were asked to rate the fractal image as "good" or "bad." We used 9 image pairs matched on age, race, sex, and activity but differing by weight of the child. Implicit bias was the difference between positive ratings for fractals preceded by an image of a healthy-weight child and positive ratings for fractals preceded by an image of an overweight child. RESULTS: On average, 64% of fractals shown after pictures of healthy-weight children were rated as "good, " compared with 59% of those shown after pictures of overweight children, reflecting an overall implicit bias rate of 5.4% against overweight children (P < .001). Healthy-weight participants showed greater implicit bias than over-and underweight participants (7.9%, 1.4%, and 0.3% respectively; P = .049). CONCLUSIONS: Implicit bias toward overweight individuals is evident in children aged 9 to 11 years with a magnitude of implicit bias (5.4%) similar to that in studies of implicit racial bias among adults.
НЕЙРОГУМОРАЛЬНАЯ РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ ФУНКЦИЙ ВОРСИНОК ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ КРЫСЫ (ИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ)
Creators: name: ЧУМАСОВ ЕВГЕНИЙ ИВАНОВИЧ
name: ПЕТРОВА ЕЛЕНА СЕРГЕЕВНА
Publisher: name: Актуальные вопросы ветеринарной биологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: ВОРСИНКИ ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ КРЫСЫ
ИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЯ
АЛЬФА-АКТИН
БЕЛОК PGP 9.5
ТИРОЗИНГИДРОКСИЛАЗА
СЕРОТОНИН
RAT DUODENAL VILLI
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
ALPHA ACTIN
PGP 9.5 PROTEIN
TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE
SEROTONIN

description: Использование иммуногистохимических маркеров: белка ПГП 9.5, синаптофизина (СФ), тирозинги-дроксилазы (ТГ) и серотонина, позволило выявить в тканях стенки двенадцатипертсной кишки крысы три нервных сплетения: миентеральное, подслизистое, эпителиально-ворсинчатое. Сравнительный ИГХ-анализ (реакции на ПГП9.5 и ТГ) показал, что ворсинки иннервируются парасимпатическими, но не симпатическими нервными волокнами. В соединительной ткани ворсинок обнаружены гладкие миоциты кровеносных и лимфатических сосудов, плазматические, энтерохромаффинные (ЕС) клетки, а в эпителии, кроме ЕС, также редкие нейроноподобные клетки. Предполагается, что функции ворсинок регулируются как с помощью передачи нервных импульсов, так и гормонально с помощью серотонина.Using immunohistochemical markers: PGP 9.5, synaptophysin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and serotonin, it was detected in the wall of the rat duodenum, except for two main (myienteral and submucosal) ganglionic plexuses, the third is the mucous epithelial-villous. A large number of terminal PGP 9.5+ parasympatical axons were found inside the connective tissue of the villi. Sympathetic nerve structures in the villi were not detected. It was established that single bipolar neuron-like cells are found in the epithelium. Additional large number of serotonin-synthesizing cells morphologically similar to enterochromaffinocytes were found in the villi. It is assumed that the activity of villi is regulated by both nerve stimuli and hormonal by serotonin.
How to Make Sense of the Jet Correlations Results at RHIC?
Creators: name: Jia, Jiangyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the di-hadron correlation results from RHIC. A consistent physical picture was constructed based on the correlation landscape in $p_T$, $Δϕ$, $Δη$ and particle species. We show that the data are consistent with competition between fragmentation of survived jets and response of the medium to quenched jets. At intermediate $p_T$ where the medium response are important, a large fraction of trigger hadrons do not come from jet fragmentation. We argue that these hadrons can strongly influence the interpretation of the low $p_T$ correlation data. We demonstrate this point through a simple geometrical jet absorption model simulation. The model shows that the correlation between medium response hadrons dominates the pair yield and mimics the double hump structure of the away-side $Δϕ$ distribution at low $p_T$. This correlation was also shown to lead to complications in interpreting the results on reaction plane dependence and three particle correlations. Finally, we briefly discuss several experimental issues which are important for proper interpretations of the experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, proceedings for Hot Quarks in Estes Park, Colorado
Leaving the war zone - fifty (three) ways to leave your lover: A feminist analysis of fifty-three women's pathways to leaving a male partner who assaulted them
Creators: name: Patton, S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study explored how women were able to leave a male partner who assaulted them, and the common critical success factors of leaving and establishing a new life for themselves and any children in their care.\ Conducted from a feminist standpoint, a qualitative exploration of 53 women's perceptions of being able to leave was undertaken, using a non-probability purposive sampling method and semi-structured, in-depth interviews.\ Applying a thematic analysis, the results indicated that women used a variety of strategies to 'manage' and resist the abuse and violence, encountering numerous barriers to stopping the violence and/or to leaving, before reaching\ a final turning point. The pathways out of the violence included formal and informal support, supportive beliefs and information and underpinning structural supports, including relevant policies and laws. The study's findings\ highlight the importance of developing strategies that focus on men taking responsibility for their use of violence, effective government and community responses, and changing societal attitudes.\ The study provided examples of individual good practice in the responses of a range of workers, and identified a number of characteristics of good practice.\ Based on these characteristics, the study identified a generic framework for practice suggesting good practice at each of five identified phases of leaving.\ The study highlighted the importance of specialist domestic violence services and, in particular, mobile domestic violence crisis services, as an effective domestic violence service model. Integral to their effectiveness were: (a) their formal liaison with the police, through police Standing Orders; and (b) regional locations. Four key issues emerged requiring urgent attention: (1) women\ having to leave their homes; (2) the impoverishment of women who leave a violent partner; (3) the need for a consistent and integrated response across the service system; and (4) the importance of understanding both the role of hope and the concept of relational autonomy when responding to women who are assaulted by a male partner. The study discusses these findings in relation to contemporary social work practice.
Zero Action on Perfect Crystals for U_q(G_2^{(1)})
Creators: name: Misra, Kailash C.
name: Mohamad, Mahathir
name: Okado, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50; 81R10; 05E99

description: The actions of 0-Kashiwara operators on the $U'_q(G_2^{(1)})$-crystal $B_l$ in [Yamane S., J. Algebra 210 (1998), 440-486] are made explicit by using a similarity technique from that of a $U'_q(D_4^{(3)})$-crystal. It is shown that $\{B_l\}_{l\ge1}$ forms a coherent family of perfect crystals.
On the attitude dynamics of slowly spinning axisymmetric satellites under the influence of gravity gradient torques
Creators: name: Neilson, John Emery
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The dynamics of slowly spinning axisymmetric satellites under the influence of gravity gradient torque is investigated using analytical and numerical techniques. Particular emphasis is on motion near the equilibrium position in which the spin axis is normal to the orbital plane. The problem is studied in increasing orders of difficulty. Phase I deals with the response and stability of a simplified model free to librate in roll while the more general problem is treated in Phase II. Phase I serves as a proving ground for techniques to be used in subsequent analysis. A closed form solution is obtained in terms of elliptic functions for the autonomous case. In general, for non-circular orbits, motion in the large is studied using the concept of the invariant solution surface. These surfaces, obtained numerically, reveal the nature of motion in the large in terms of the dominant periodic solutions and allow one to determine the limits of oscillatory motion in terms of the state parameters. Floquet theory is employed in conjunction with numerical solutions of the linearized equations of motion to study stability in the small. This technique is extended to assess the variational stability of the dominant periodic motions in the large. Phase II investigates a more general model with three degrees of freedom in attitude motion. The presence of an ignorable coordinate gives a fourth order, non-autonomous system for an elliptic trajectory. Motion in the small is studied extensively, again using Floquet theory, and stability charts suitable for design purposes are presented. The invariant surface concept is successfully extended to the study of the autonomous case in the large. Methods are developed for determining the maximum response to a given disturbance resulting in a set of charts which are useful in assessing the effects of non-linearities and the validity of the analysis in the small. Procedures are explained for determining periodic solutions of the problem, as well as their stability, for arbitrary eccentricity. The analysis suggests the possibility of attitude instability during spin-up operations. It is shown that stable motion can be established by providing either a positive or negative spin to the satellite with the former preferrable. Given sufficient spin any configuration, even those with an adverse gravity gradient effect, can be stabilized. Eccentricity affects the attitude motion of a satellite adversely as regions of unstable motion increase in size and number with it.
title: Factors Related to the Migration Preferences of Utah's 1980 High School Seniors
Creators: name: LaCognata, A. John
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: This study examines the personal migration preferences of Utah high school seniors in 1980 and their relationship to perceived parental preferences, family status, length of residence, religion, sex, and type of residence. A focal area of the thesis is an examination of the consistency between personal preferences and preferences of parents as perceived by the youth. The primary data used for this study came from a sample survey of 1980 high school seniors who were selected using a stratified sampling technique. Cross-tabulations were used with chi square to test for significance of association.
The results of this study suggest that parental preferences play an important part in influencing the decision-making process of youth contemplating migration. The research suggests that the plans of metropolitan youth are more consistent with the perceived preferences of their parents than are those of nonmetropolitan youth. The research also suggests that the plans of LDS (Mormon) youth are more consistent with their parents perceived preference as compared to the plans of non-LDS youth. With respect to personal preferences, Utah youth living in nonmetropolitan areas prefer to migrate more often than metropolitan youth. Research also shows that males, LDS youth, youth from intact families and long-term residents all prefer to stay more often in their present place of residence when compared to females, non-LDS youth, youth from broken families and short-term residents.
Using the QUBES platform and NEON faculty mentoring networks to build, adapt, and publish data-driven open educational resources
Creators: name: Naithani, Kusum
name: Jones, Megan
name: Grayson, Kristine
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2020

description: This video provides an overview of the NEON Data Education Faculty Mentoring Networks and an example of published QUBES resource implementation in the classroom.
title: Long-Term Residents' Perception of the Effect Newcomers are Having on Nonmetropolitan Utah Communities
Creators: name: Lindholm, Michael Carl
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1981

description: This study compares the perceptions of long-term residents in rapidly and moderately growing nonmetropolitan communities regarding the effect of newcomers on the community. Data for the study came from a 1975 survey of 1,065 adults in seven Utah communities. Results show that a significantly larger proportion of long-term residents in rapidly growing communities than in moderately growing communities feel that newcomers are having a bad effect on the community.
The relationship between perceived effect of newcomers and various personal attributes are examined with rate of population growth as a control variable.
The attributes are: 1) length of residence, 2) age, 3) sex, 4) religious preference, 5) income, 6) proportion family living nearby, and 7) proportion of friends living in the community. Brief attention was given to examining newcomers' perception of the effect newcomers are having on the community with the use of length of residence variable. The differences between the long-term and short-term residents were not statistically significantly different. But because of theoretical and practical consideration the remainder of the analysis focused on the attitude of long-term residents.
None of the differences between the subgrouping for the respective attributes were statistically significant in both moderate and rapidly growing communities. In rapidly growing communities only one hypothesis was supported with respect to the differences in attitude towards newcomers. The supported hypothesis was that Mormons would be more likely to perceive the effect of newcomers as being bad than would non-Mormons. within the moderately growing communities, statistically significant differences were found between income groups, but they were not in the direction of the hypothesis.
Perhaps the most important evidence that rate of population growth influences the long-term residents' perception of newcomers is that, except for non-Mormons, the percentage feeling that the effect of newcomers was bad was highest in rapidly growing communities. This indicates that the pressures associated with rapid growth are generally perceived across a wide variety of subgroups. The particular exception, the non-Mormons, suggests that in particular cases a subgroup might perceive the changes as beneficial and to view the overall process of growth , including the newcomers, more positively.
Predictors of premature termination from psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa: Low treatment credibility, early therapy alliance, and self-transcendence
Creators: name: Joyce, P.R.
name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Jordan, J.
name: McKenzie, J.M.
name: Carter, J.D.
name: McIntosh, V.V.W.
name: Carter, F.A.
name: Luty, S.E.
name: Frampton, C.M.A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Objective: Failure to complete treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) is- common, clinically concerning but difficult to predict. This study examines whether therapy-related factors (patient-rated pretreatment credibility and early therapeutic alliance) predict subsequent premature termination of treatment (PTT) alongside self-transcendence (a previously identified clinical predictor) in women with AN. Methods: 56 women aged 17–40 years participating in a randomized outpatient psychotherapy trial for AN. Treatment completion was defined as attending 15/20 planned sessions. Measures were the Treatment Credibility, Temperament and Character Inventory, Vanderbilt Therapeutic Alliance Scale and the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Process Scale. Statistics were univariate tests, correlations, and logistic regression. Results: Treatment credibility and certain early patient and therapist alliance/process subscales predicted PTT. Lower self-transcendence and lower early process accounted for 33% of the variance in predicting PTT. Discussion: Routine assessment of treatment credibility and early process (comprehensively assessed from multiple perspectives) may help clinicians reduce PTT thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.
title: Effects of Physical and Emotional Stress, Catecholamines and Naloxone on HDL and LDL Cholesterol Levels in Rats and Man
Creators: name: Goliszek, Andrew G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: A series of investigations were undertaken to determine whether physical or emotional stress, catecholamines or naloxone (B-endorphon blocker) would increase serum total cholesterol and LDL and HDL levels. Physical stress given daily over a period of time caused a steady increase in serum total cholesterol and LDL without a significantly altering high density lipoproteins (HDL) or serum triglycerides. Daily injections of epinerphrine in oil caused an increase in both serum total cholesterol and LDL levels while daily injections of norepinephrine did not. Reversal of the treatments caused a reversed response in both groups of rats. Similar increases in both total cholesterol and LDL levels occurred in graduate students during preparation for their comprehensive written or oral thesis/dissertation defense.
Injection of eigher dichloroisoproterenol (M.W. = 248) or naloxone (M.W. = 346) in rats prior to stress inhibited the increase in total cholesterol and LDL levels, although naloxone at the dosage given was more effective, possibly due to its larger molecular weight. When naloxone plus epinephrine was injected into non-stressed rats, there was a significant increase in total cholesterol and LDL levels, but the increase was not as great as that of groups injected with epinephrine only. Stressed, adrenalectomized rats exhibited higher cholesterol and LDL levels than the normal reported range for rats of their age and weight, but their levels did not differ from those of stressed, sham-operated rats indicating that the adrenals per se are not needed for stress-induced elevation of blood LDL levels.
Extending Big Power Law in the Sky with Turbulence Spectra from WHAM data
Creators: name: Chepurnov, A.
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the data of Wisconsin H$α$ Mapper (WHAM) to test the hypothesis of whether the amplitudes and spectrum of density fluctuations measured by WHAM can be matched to the data obtained for interstellar scintillations and scattering. To do this, first of all, we adjusted the mean level of signal in the adjacent patches of the data. Then, assuming that the spectrum is Kolmogorov, we successfully matched the amplitudes of turbulence obtained from the WHAM data and the interstellar density fluctuations reported in the existing literature. As a result, we conclude that the existing data is consistent with the Kolmogorov cascade which spans from $10^6$ to $10^{17}$ $m$.
description: Accepted to ApJ
title: Genesis of a Vertisol and an Associated Palexeroll in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Graham, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1982

description: The genetic relationship between a Vertisol and an associated Mollisol with an argillic horizon was studied. These soils are taxadjuncts of the Hawkins and Ostler series, respectively. They occur in the Wasatch Mountains of northern Utah and have similar parent materials, altitudes, and slope percentages. Ostler soils have a dense cover of Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) and occur preferentially on north aspects. Mule's ear (Wyethia amplexicaulis) is the dominant vegetation on Hawkins soils, which are most frequent on south aspects. Erosion is prevalent on Hawkins soils because the mule's ear does not adequately cover the soil surface during the fall, winter, and early spring. The dense oak woods and the litter cover on the Ostler soil protect it from erosion.
Both soils dried sufficiently for cracks to develop in their clayey portions. The Ostler soil was drier, probably because it has more and longer transpiring vegetation than the Hawkins soil.
The Ostler subsoil and the Hawkins solum both had cracks, slickensides, high clay contents, high COLE values, and smectite as the dominant clay mineral. These characteristics of high shrink-swell activity were most strongly expressed in the Hawkins soil. The Ostler subsoil clay was overlain abruptly by loam surface soil. The textural difference was attributed to lessivage, eolian contributions mixed with preexisting surface soil by soil animals, and in situ clay formation in the subsoil. Eolian additions were inferred from the presence of easily weathered silt and clay-size minerals in the Ostler A horizons and within the zone of mixing in the Hawkins soil. These minerals were not present or were less abundant in the Ostler subsoil and in the Hawkins C horizon.
The formation of Hawkins soils (Vertisols) probably resulted from erosional exposure of the clay subsoil of Ostler soils or their precursors.
Positive current cross-correlations in a highly transparent normal-superconducting beam splitter due to synchronized Andreev and inverse Andreev reflections
Creators: name: Freyn, Axel
name: Flöser, Martina
name: Mélin, Régis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predictions are established for linear differential current-current cross-correlations dSab/dV in a symmetrically biased three-terminal normal metal-superconductor-normal metal (NSN) device. Highly transparent contacts turn out to be especially interesting because they feature positive dSab/dV. At high transparency, processes based on Crossed Andreev Reflection (CAR) contribute only negligibly to the current and to dSab/dV. Under these circumstances, current-current cross-correlations can be plausibly interpreted as a coherent coupling between the two NS interfaces in the form of synchronized Andreev and inverse Andreev reflections, corresponding to the process where a pair of electron-like quasi-particles and a pair of hole-like quasi-particles arrive from the normal electrodes and annihilate in the superconductor. Hence, positive dSab/dV does not automatically imply CAR. For tunnel contacts, dSab/dV is positive because of CAR. In between these two extremities, at intermediate transparencies, dSab/dV is negative because both processes which cause positive correlations, occur only with small amplitude. We use scattering theory to obtain analytic expressions for current and noise, and microscopic calculation using a tight binding model in order to obtain a clear interpretation of the physical processes.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures; Revised manuscript, analytical BTK-calculation, results not changed
Self-admission to inpatient treatment for patients with anorexia nervosa: The patient's perspective
Creators: name: Gustafsson, S.A.
name: Strand, M.
name: von Hausswolff-Juhlin, Y.
name: Bulik, C.M.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2017

description: The aim of the present study was to explore patients’ experiences of participating in a self-admission program at a specialist eating disorders clinic. Sixteen adult program participants with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa were interviewed at 6 months about their experiences in the self-admission program. A qualitative content analysis approach was applied to identify recurring themes. Four themes were identified: Agency and Flexibility, Functions, Barriers, and Applicability. Participants used self-admission to boost healthy behaviors, to prevent deterioration, to forestall the need for longer periods of hospitalizations, and to get a break from overwhelming demands. Quick access to brief admissions provides a safety net that can increase feelings of security in everyday life, even for patients who do not actually make use of the opportunity to self-admit. It also provided relief to participants' relatives. Furthermore, participants experienced that self-admission may foster agency and motivation. However, the model also requires a certain level of maturity and an encouraging environment to overcome barriers that could otherwise hinder optimal use, such as ambivalence in asking for help. Informants experienced that self-admission could allow them to gain greater insight into their disease process, take greater responsibility for their recovery, and transform their health care from crisis-driven to proactive. By offering a shift in perspective on help-seeking and participation, self-admission may potentially strengthen participants’ internal responsibility for their treatment and promote partnership in treatment.
title: The Efficacy of Multidisciplinary Treatment Programs for Chronic Low-Back Pain: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Curtis, Jane E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Chronic low-back pain is a prevalent and costly problem for many adults in the United States. Currently, multidisciplinary treatment approaches are the treatment of choice for this problem. A meta-analysis was conducted on 43 published studies to describe the nature of these programs, the patients involved in them, treatment efficacy at discharge and follow-up, and possible relationships between these characteristics and outcome.
Results show that these programs were often in university medical settings, with an emphasis on active patient participation. Common treatment approaches included physical therapy, skills training, medication management, supportive therapy, and behavior modification. Patients involved in these programs tended to be middle-aged, married, unemployed, and high-school educated, with an average pain duration of about five years.
It was concluded that patients do show improvement at treatment completion (at least one-half standard deviation change) in physical fitness, reported distress levels, daily activity, and medication usage. At follow-up improvement over pre-treatment levels was still evidenced in reported distress levels, medication usage, mood, fitness levels, daily activities, and health perceptions.
Results of correlational analyses suggest that the more impaired patients in these studies tended to show greater improvement. Data also suggest that patient dropouts rates were negatively correlated to medication usage and mood over time. Thus, improvements in these areas may be artifacts due to patient drop-out rates.
Multidisciplinary treatment programs were found to be generally effective in promoting more adaptive functioning in their patients . However, it is recommended that closer attention be given to attrition rates and other potential sources of bias to maximize confidence in treatment effectiveness.
The Larval and Reproductive Biology of the Giant Crab Pseudocarcinus gigas
Creators: name: Gardner, C
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis documents research on two aspects of the biology of the giant crab Pseudocarcinus gigas: the development, behaviour, and rearing of the larvae; and the reproductive biology of both sexes. Larvae were reared from hatch to juvenile crabs. The larval development of 5 zoeal and one megalopal stages were described which permitted identification of P. gigas larvae from plankton samples. Samples from different depths were sorted to obtain information on vertical migration patterns, although few P. gigas larvae were collected. Vertical migration was further investigated in experiments which analysed the swimming response to gravity, light intensity, change in light intensity, light wavelength, change in pressure, current, temperature, and thermoclines. Response to temperature involved a feed-back mechanism that positioned larvae at temperatures optimal for growth, survival, and metamorphosis to megalopa (14-16C). Light intensity and photoperiod had little effect on survival although larvae reached megalopa most rapidly with long photoperiod and high intensity and were smaller in continuous darkness treatments. Cannibalism of stage 1 and 2 zoeas was highest with long photoperiod and low intensity. Mycosis and epibiotic fouling of larvae necessitated trials with prophylactic treatments. Survival was highest with a broad spectrum antibiotic (oxytetracyline) while promising results were obtained with carbendazim and copper oxychloride. Suitable concentrations for indefinite baths were established by monitoring toxic effects as increased mortality, deformity, prolonged intermoult, or death during moulting. The male reproductive tract is typical of brachyurans with ovoid, enveloped, spermatophores stored in the mid vas deferens (MVD). Males pass through three morphological stages (of chela development) and individuals from all three stages had spermatophores in the MVD. Mating pairs were never observed but patterns of limb loss indicate that mating involves female-centred competition. Females appear to mate while soft-shelled with stored sperm remaining viable for at least four years. Broods are produced annually although females occasionally skip a reproductive season, which may be associated with moulting. Several broods may be produced between moults although fecundity declines with successive broods. The hepatopancreas underwent little change in composition during gonadogenesis. Fecundity increased with female size, although not in a simple cubic (volumetric) relationship as larger females produced larger eggs. This increase in egg size was associated with a significant, albeit small, decrease in protein and carotenoid, and an increase in moisture, while lipid appeared unaffected. Protein was used preferentially to lipid during embryogenesis. Techniques for immobilising, humanely killing, and internal imaging of crabs were employed for research on reproduction and are described.
B Meson Decays
Creators: name: Artuso, Marina
name: Barberio, Elisabetta
name: Stone, Sheldon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the most important Physics thus far extracted from studies of B meson decays. Measurements of the four CP violating angles accessible in B decay are reviewed as well as direct CP violation. A detailed discussion of the measurements of the CKM elements V_{cb} and V_{ub} from semileptonic decays is given, and the differences between resulting values using inclusive decays versus exclusive decays is discussed. Measurements of "rare" decays are also reviewed. We point out where CP violating and rare decays could lead to observations of physics beyond that of the Standard Model in future experiments. If such physics is found by directly observation of new particles, e.g. in LHC experiments, B decays can play a decisive role in interpreting the nature of these particles.
description: 80 pages, 29 figures, invited review article for PMC Physics A; version 2 a few minor corrections, version 3 fixed some references, version 4 two minor fixes
Impurity Scattering Rate and Coherence factor in Vortex Core of Sign-reversing s-wave Superconductors
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Kato, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impurity scattering rates for quasi-particles in vortex cores of sign-reversing s-wave superconductors as a probe to detect the internal phase difference of the order parameters among different Fermi surfaces. The impurity scattering rates and coherence factors are related to quasiparticle interference effect by the scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy technique. With use of the Born and Kramer-Pesch approximations for the Andreev bound states, we show that the sign-reversed forward scatterings are dominant in vortex cores. Owing to the coherence factor in vortex cores of \pm s-wave superconductors, the impurity scattering rate of the Andreev bound states has a characteristic distribution on the Fermi surfaces. For comparison, the impurity scattering rates in vortex cores of s-wave and d-wave superconductors are also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev. B