cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ricci-Flat Holonomy: a Classification
Creators: name: Armstrong, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B05

description: The reductive holonomy algebras for a torsion-free affine connection are analysed, with the goal of establishing which ones can correspond to a Ricci-flat connection with the same properties. Various families of holonomies are eliminated through different algebraic means, and examples are constructed (in this paper and in `Projective Geometry II: Holonomy Classification', by the same author) in the remaining cases, thus solving this problem completely, for reductive holonomy.
description: 24 pages, slight corrections and presentation changes
MPEC 2024-A41 : 2024 AS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On Decoherence in Quantum Clock Synchronization
Creators: name: Boixo, Sergio
name: Caves, Carlton M.
name: Datta, Animesh
name: Shaji, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two quantum versions of the Eddington clock-synchronization protocol in the presence of decoherence. The first protocol uses maximally entangled states to achieve the Heisenberg limit for clock synchronization. The second protocol achieves the limit without using entanglement. We show the equivalence of the two protocols under any single-qubit decoherence model that does not itself provide synchronization information.
description: 12 Pages, 3 Figures
Analysis of Traffic Crash Data in Kentucky (2000 – 2004)
Creators: name: Green, Eric R.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Barrett, Monica L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report documents an analysis of traffic crash data in Kentucky for the years of 2000 through 2004. A primary objective of this study was to determine average crash statistics for Kentucky highways. Average and critical numbers and rates of crashes were calculated for various types of highways in rural and urban areas. These data can be used in Kentucky’s procedure to identify locations that have abnormal rates or numbers of crashes. The other primary objective of this study was to provide data that can be used in the preparation of the problem identification portion of Kentucky’s Annual Highway Safety Plan. County and city crash statistics were analyzed. A summary of results and recommendations in several problem identification areas is presented. These general areas include alcohol involvement, occupant protection, speed, teenage drivers, pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, trucks, and vehicle defects. Other areas included in the analysis for which specific recommendations were not made include drug involvement, school bus crashes, and train crashes. The crash data are now contained in the Collision Report Analysis for Safer Highways (CRASH) data base. This data base is updated daily so the number of crashes in a given calendar year will continue to change for a substantial time after the end of that year.
Evaluation of Geophysical Methods and Geophysical Contractors on Four Projects in Kentucky
Creators: name: Allen, David L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report details four geophysical testing projects that were conducted in Kentucky for the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The four projects were as follows: KY 101, Edmonson and Warren Counties, US 31-W, Elizabethtown Bypass, Hardin County, KY 61, LaRue County, and US 27, Pulaski County.  Two contractors conducted the investigations for this study and they were as follows: KY 101 – (PELA) Electrical Resistivity and Microgravity, US 31-W – (CCKS) Microgravity, KY 61 – (CCKS) Electrical Resistivity and Microgravity, and US 27 – (CCKS) Electrical Resistivity and Microgravity.  These two methods preformed well and this report recommends that these geophysical methods be used in Kentucky on a regular basis. One contractor (PELA) dconducted the investigations for this study: P.E. LaMoreaux and Associates (PELA), and The Center for Cave and Karst Studies, Western Kentucky University (CCKS).  The geophysical meid not perform well. Although his report was well written and his analysis clearly illustrated, he was over a year behind schedule in finishing his report and he was over budget by $15,000. This report recommends that this contractor not be permitted to do further geophysical work in Kentucky.  The second contractor (CCKS) performed very well. His report was also well written and his analysis was clear. He finished each of his projects on time and within budget. This report recommends that this contractor be permitted to do more geophysical work in Kentucky.
MPEC 2024-A42 : 2024 AT
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AT

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Thermal and mechanical equilibrium among weakly interacting systems in generalized thermostatistics framework
Creators: name: Scarfone, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two statistically independent systems described by the same entropy belonging to the two-parameter family of Sharma-Mittal. Assuming a weak interaction among the systems, allowing in this way an exchange of heat and work, we analyze, both in the entropy representation and in the energy representation, the evolution toward the equilibrium. The thermodynamics evolution is controlled by two scalar quantities identified with the temperature and the pressure of the system. The thermodynamical stability conditions of the equilibrium state are analyzed in both representations. Their relationship with the concavity conditions for the entropy and with the convexity conditions for the energy are spotlighted.
description: 15 pages, no figures, Elsart macro style, accepted in Phys. Lett. A (2006)
Machine Learning with bond information for local structure optimizations in surface science
Creators: name: del Río, Estefanía Garijo
name: Kaappa, Sami
name: Torres, José A. Garrido
name: Bligaard, Thomas
name: Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local optimization of adsorption systems inherently involves different scales: within the substrate, within the molecule, and between molecule and substrate. In this work, we show how the explicit modeling of the different character of the bonds in these systems improves the performance of machine learning methods for optimization. We introduce an anisotropic kernel in the Gaussian process regression framework that guides the search for the local minimum, and we show its overall good performance across different types of atomic systems. The method shows a speed-up of up to a factor two compared with the fastest standard optimization methods on adsorption systems. Additionally, we show that a limited memory approach is not only beneficial in terms of overall computational resources, but can result in a further reduction of energy and force calculations.
Evaluation of Kentucky’s “Buckle Up Kentucky: It’s the Law & It’s Enforced” 2007 Campaign
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
name: Langley, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this report was to document the results of the “Buckle Up Kentucky: It’s the Law & It’s Enforced” 2007 campaign in Kentucky. Data were also taken to document the change in usage after enactment of the primary enforcement law. The campaign involved a combination of earned media, paid media, and enforcement. The earned media started about five weeks prior to Memorial Day 2007 and continued through the enforcement periods. The paid media campaign was for the two weeks prior to Memorial Day while the enforcement period was a two-week period including the week before and the week of Memorial Day. The evaluation of the campaign included documenting the activities associated with the program (publicity and enforcement) and evaluating the results. The evaluation also involved conducting observations of safety belt usage at a sample of locations across the state, conducting telephone surveys before and after the campaign, and comparing the number of fatal and injury crashes during the enforcement period with previous years. Safety belt usage was obtained at a mini-sample set of 21 locations across the state (compared to 200 sites for a full statewide survey). Usage for all vehicles at the 21 sites increased from 67.6 percent for the 2006 statewide survey to 68.7 during the public information period associated with the primary enforcement law (December 2006) to 76.2 percent during the 2007 enforcement campaign (May 2007). Enforcement was conducted by both state and local police through saturated enforcement and checkpoints. A total of 22,846 safety belt citations and 478 child restraint citations were given during the two-week enforcement period around Memorial Day in 2007. This compares to 4,704 safety belt citations in 2006. The telephone survey showed that drivers had heard publicity about the campaign (most often on television) with an increase in the perceived likelihood of receiving a ticket for not wearing a seat belt. Almost all drivers understood that there was a new law allowing the police to stop them for just a seat belt violation. The most common slogans drivers had heard were “Buckle up Kentucky. It’s the Law and it’s Enforced” and “Click it or Ticket.” There were several differences in the responses of all drivers and pickup drivers. The numbers of total, fatal, and injury crashes (as well as the number of fatalities and injuries) in 2007 were lower than the average of the previous three years. The observational surveys showed that enactment of the primary enforcement law, along with publicity and associated enforcement, did result in a substantial increase in usage. However, the increase occurred only after enforcement was implemented with very little change associated with only education.
On Extending the Mass-Metallicity Relation of Galaxies by 2.5 Decades in Stellar Mass
Creators: name: Lee, Henry
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Cannon, John M.
name: Jackson, Dale C.
name: Gehrz, Robert D.
name: Polomski, Elisha F.
name: Woodward, Charles E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report 4.5 micron luminosities for 27 nearby (D < 5 Mpc) dwarf irregular galaxies measured with the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera. We have constructed the 4.5 micron luminosity-metallicity (L-Z) relation for 25 dwarf galaxies with secure distance and interstellar medium oxygen abundance measurements. The 4.5 micron L-Z relation is 12+log(O/H) = (5.78 +/- 0.21) + (-0.122 +/- 0.012) M_[4.5], where M_[4.5] is the absolute magnitude at 4.5 micron. The dispersion in the near-infrared L-Z relation is smaller than the corresponding dispersion in the optical L-Z relation. The subsequently derived stellar mass-metallicity M-Z relation is 12+log(O/H) = (5.65 +/- 0.23) + (0.298 +/- 0.030) log Mstar. and extends the SDSS M-Z relation to lower mass by about 2.5 dex. We find that the dispersion in the M-Z relation is similar over five orders of magnitude in stellar mass, and that the relationship between stellar mass and interstellar medium metallicity is similarly tight from high-mass to low-mass systems. We find a larger scatter at low mass in the relation between effective yield and total baryonic mass. In fact, there are a few dwarf galaxies with large yields, which is difficult to explain if galactic winds are ubiquitous in dwarf galaxies. The low scatter in the L-Z and M-Z relationships are difficult to understand if galactic superwinds or blowout are responsible for the low metallicities at low mass or luminosity. Naively, one would expect an ever increasing scatter at lower masses, which is not observed.
description: Accepted, Ap.J.; 18 pages (AASTeX 5.2; emulateapj.cls) with 12 figures. Full paper with figures at http://www.astro.umn.edu/~hlee/papers/
Potential and limits to cluster state quantum computing using probabilistic gates
Creators: name: Gross, D.
name: Kieling, K.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish bounds to the necessary resource consumption when building up cluster states for one-way computing using probabilistic gates. Emphasis is put on state preparation with linear optical gates, as the probabilistic character is unavoidable here. We identify rigorous general bounds to the necessary consumption of initially available maximally entangled pairs when building up one-dimensional cluster states with individually acting linear optical quantum gates, entangled pairs and vacuum modes. As the known linear optics gates have a limited maximum success probability, as we show, this amounts to finding the optimal classical strategy of fusing pieces of linear cluster states. A formal notion of classical configurations and strategies is introduced for probabilistic non-faulty gates. We study the asymptotic performance of strategies that can be simply described, and prove ultimate bounds to the performance of the globally optimal strategy. The arguments employ methods of random walks and convex optimization. This optimal strategy is also the one that requires the shortest storage time, and necessitates the fewest invocations of probabilistic gates. For two-dimensional cluster states, we find, for any elementary success probability, an essentially deterministic preparation of a cluster state with quadratic, hence optimal, asymptotic scaling in the use of entangled pairs. We also identify a percolation effect in state preparation, in that from a threshold probability on, almost all preparations will be either successful or fail. We outline the implications on linear optical architectures and fault-tolerant computations.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, replaced with published version
TADOC: Text Analytics Directly on Compression
Creators: name: Zhang, Feng
name: Zhai, Jidong
name: Shen, Xipeng
name: Wang, Dalin
name: Chen, Zheng
name: Mutlu, Onur
name: Chen, Wenguang
name: Du, Xiaoyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.1; E.2; E.4
subject: 68P30

description: This article provides a comprehensive description of Text Analytics Directly on Compression (TADOC), which enables direct document analytics on compressed textual data. The article explains the concept of TADOC and the challenges to its effective realizations. Additionally, a series of guidelines and technical solutions that effectively address those challenges, including the adoption of a hierarchical compression method and a set of novel algorithms and data structure designs, are presented. Experiments on six data analytics tasks of various complexities show that TADOC can save 90.8% storage space and 87.9% memory usage, while halving data processing times.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, VLDB Journal (2020)
2007 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to establish 2007 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky. The 2007 survey continues to document the results after enactment of the original “secondary enforcement” statewide mandatory safety belt law in 1994 and the change to “primary enforcement” which was enacted in 2006. Data were collected at 200 randomly selected sites spread across Kentucky. Data from the individual sites were combined into a statewide percentage considering roadway functional classification, geographic region, and vehicle miles traveled. The data show that the usage rate in 2007 (71.8 percent) increased several percentage points compared to 2006 (67.2 percent). Considering data taken after the original statewide law, this compares to 66.6 in 2005, 66.0 in 2004, 65.5 percent in 2003, 62.0 percent in 2002, 61.9 percent in 2001, 60 percent in 2000, 59 percent in 1999, 54 percent in 1998, 1997 and 1995, 55 percent in 1996, and 58 percent in 1994. The current usage is substantially above the 1993 level, prior to enactment of the original statewide law, of 42 percent. The 2007 statewide usage rate for children under the age of four was determined to be 98.5 percent. This is the highest rate found for this age category. The statewide law was changed in 2006 to allow primary enforcement. An educational period extended through December 2006 with warning citations given. Enforcement with fines started in January 2007. Enactment of the primary enforcement law, without education and enforcement, did not result in a substantial increase in usage. The significant increase in usage started when enforcement, with accompanying publicity and education, started in 2007.
The probability that a small perturbation of a numerical analysis problem is difficult
Creators: name: Buergisser, Peter
name: Cucker, Felipe
name: Lotz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F35, 53C65, 60D05, 14P10, 65Y20

description: We prove a general theorem providing smoothed analysis estimates for conic condition numbers of problems of numerical analysis. Our probability estimates depend only on geometric invariants of the corresponding sets of ill-posed inputs. Several applications to linear and polynomial equation solving show that the estimates obtained in this way are easy to derive and quite accurate. The main theorem is based on a volume estimate of ε-tubular neighborhoods around a real algebraic subvariety of a sphere, intersected with a disk of radius σ. Besides εand σ, this bound depends only the dimension of the sphere and on the degree of the defining equations.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures
Nonlinear ac conductivity of one-dimensional Mott insulators
Creators: name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a semiclassical calculation of low energy charge transport in one-dimensional (1d) insulators with a focus on Mott insulators, whose charge degrees of freedom are gapped due to the combination of short range interactions and a periodic lattice potential. Combining RG and instanton methods, we calculate the nonlinear ac conductivity and interpret the result in terms of multi-photon absorption. We compare the result of the semiclassical calculation for interacting systems to a perturbative, fully quantum mechanical calculation of multi-photon absorption in a 1d band insulator and find good agreement when the number of simultaneously absorbed photons is large.
description: Dedicated to Thomas Nattermann on the occasion of his 60th birthday. To appear in JSTAT. 5 pages, 2 figures
Multi-Barge Flotilla Impact Forces on Bridges
Creators: name: Yuan, Peng
name: Harik, Issam E.
name: Davidson, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The current AASHTO equations for barge impact loads are based on scale models of barges, and may not accurately predict impact loads on bridge piers. The results of this study produce more realistic flotilla impact design loads, potentially leading to a reduction in construction costs of bridges over navigable waterways. The objectives of this study are: (1) To conduct theoretical finite element analysis on various types of flotillas impacting bridge piers. The flotillas and the respective barges will be of the type commonly traversing Kentucky’s waterways; and (2) To generate design equations for barge/flotilla impact loads. The study concludes the following: (1) Barge-pier impact forces are mostly dependent on the barge crushing resistance; (2) the stiffness of ordinary piers has little effect on the mean impact force, but the pier geometry does have a significant effect; (3) rounded end piers are recommended, and (4) increasing the number of barges in a flotilla does not proportionally increase the average impact force, it increases the impact duration.
Structural and electronic properties of solid molecular hydrogen from many-electron theories
Creators: name: Liao, Ke
name: Shen, Tong
name: Li, Xin-Zheng
name: Alavi, Ali
name: Grüneis, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural and electronic properties of phase III of solid hydrogen using accurate many-electron theories and compare to state-of-the-art experimental findings. The atomic structures of phase III modelled by C2/c-24 crystals are fully optimized on the level of second-order perturbation theory, demonstrating that previously employed structures optimized on the level of approximate density functionals exhibit errors in the H$_2$ bond lengths that cause significant discrepancies in the computed quasi particle band gaps and vibrational frequencies compared to experiment. Using the newly optimized atomic structures, we study the band gap closure and change in vibrational frequencies as a function of pressure. Our findings are in good agreement with recent experimental observations and may prove useful in resolving long-standing discrepancies between experimental estimates of metallization pressures possibly caused by disagreeing pressure calibrations.
description: MP2 forces' implementation and zero point renormalization on the bandgaps details are in supp.pdf
H_2D^+: a light on baryonic dark matter?
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Dominik, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that the dark halos of galaxies are constituted by cloudlets of cold (< 10 K) H_2 and dense (> 10^7$ cm^{-3}) molecular gas. Such gas is extremely difficult to detect, because the classical tracers of molecular gas, CO and/or dust grains, have very low abundances and their emission is exceedingly weak. For this reason, the cloudlet hypothesis remains so far substantially unproven. In this Letter we propose a new method to probe the presence of cold H_2 clouds in galactic halos: the ground transition of ortho-H_2D^+ at 372 GHz. We discuss why the H_2D^+ is abundant under the physical conditions appropriate for the cloudlets, and present a chemical model that predicts the H_2D^+ abundance as function of four key parameters: gas density and metallicity, cosmic ray ionization rate and dust grain size. We conclude that current ground-based instruments might detect the ortho-H_2D^+ line emitted by the cloudlets halo, and prove, therefore, the existence of large quantities of dark baryonic matter around galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
title: Navigating postsecondary learning during dual enrolment: the transition experience of a group of students in Minnesota, U.S.
Creators: name: Johnson, Joel Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: Despite the increase in dual enrolment (DE) programs in Minnesota and throughout the United States, there has been little research on the transition experiences of DE students to understand the challenges encountered and the approaches they use to manage their postsecondary learning. The purpose of this study is to investigate how a group of students navigated postsecondary learning while participating in a dual enrolment (DE) program. A single case study approach was adopted to explore the experience of 16 current DE students at a private university in Minnesota. Semi-structured interviews were used with students and instructors, along with a student focus group, to help understand and enter into the participants’ lived experiences. Transition and self-regulated learning theories were utilised to assist in interpreting the findings. The findings revealed that both social and academic factors were significant in the transition experience of the DE students. Participants experienced challenges adapting to the new university environment and could hold exaggerated views of how difficult DE courses would be. Student desire to be accepted and to establish social connections at the university was strong but at the same time feelings of loneliness and disconnection were common. With this in mind, participants made intentional effort to start well and to create systems to monitor their progress. If they hit an obstacle while working through a course, they would attempt to maintain progress although this was difficult at times. Over time, student self-confidence increased as they became familiar with the environment and developed the necessary skills to successfully navigate DE courses. Adapting previous strategies for DE was found to be particularly helpful. The study concludes that to avoid DE students trying to succeed as lone, independent learners, institutions should facilitate social connections, such as through robust onboarding and orientation activities, and provide ongoing opportunities to integrate these students into the community. In addition, instructors play a critical role in supporting student progression and helping students feel a sense of belonging. If students are able to feel confident and take greater ownership for their learning, as expected in postsecondary contexts, they will likely be more successful. This can be accommodated in part by educating students on the effective use of self-regulated learning principles. A critical application of the selected theoretical lenses on the study’s findings resulted in the introduction of a new conceptual model, Learning in the Dual Enrolment Landscape, to portray the transition experience of DE students.
Features of Magneto-Optical Resonances in an Elliptically Polarized Traveling Light Wave
Creators: name: Brazhnikov, D. V.
name: Taichenachev, A. V.
name: Tumaikin, A. M.
name: Yudin, V. I.
name: Zibrov, S. A.
name: Dudin, Ya. O.
name: Vasil'ev, V. V.
name: Velichansky, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parameters of nonlinear absorption magneto-optical resonances in the Hanle configuration have been studied as functions of the ellipticity of a traveling light wave. It has been found that these parameters (amplitude, width, and amplitude-to-width ratio) depend strongly on the polarization of the light wave. In particular, the resonance amplitude can increase by more than an order of magnitude when the polarization changes from linear to optimal elliptic. It has been shown that this effect is associated with the Doppler frequency shift for atoms in a gas. The theoretical results have been corroborated in experiments in Rb vapor.
description: 5 pages
SDSS J1534+1615AB: A Novel T Dwarf Binary Found with Keck Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics and the Potential Role of Binarity in the L/T Transition
Creators: name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Golimowski, David A.
name: Chiu, Kuenley
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Brinkmann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have resolved the newly discovered T dwarf SDSS J1534+1615 into a 0.11'' binary using the Keck sodium laser guide star adaptive optics system. With an integrated-light spectral type of T3.5, this binary provides a new benchmark for studying the distinctive J-band brightening previously noted among early and mid-T dwarfs, using two brown dwarfs with different spectral types but having a common metallicity and age and very similar surface gravities. We estimate spectral types of T1.5+/-0.5 and T5.5+/-0.5 for the two components based on their near-IR colors, consistent with modeling the integrated-light spectrum as the blend of two components. The observed near-IR flux ratios are unique compared to all previously known substellar binaries: the component that is fainter at H and K' is brighter at J. This inversion of the near-IR fluxes is a manifestation of the J-band brightening within this individual binary system. Therefore, SDSS 1534+1615 demonstrates that the brightening can be intrinsic to ultracool photospheres (e.g., arising from cloud disruption and/or rapid increase in cloud sedimentation) and does not necessarily result from physical variations among the observed ensemble of T dwarfs (e.g., a range in masses, ages and/or metallicities). We suggest that the apparently large amplitude of the J-band brightening may be due to a high incidence of unresolved binaries and that the true amplitude of the phenomenon could be more modest. This scenario would imply that truly single objects in these spectral subclasses are relatively rare, in agreement with the small effective temperature range inferred for the L/T transition.
description: ApJ, in press, 26 pages
On the Reality of Minkowski Space
Creators: name: Petkov, Vesselin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Should physicists deal with the question of the reality of Minkowski space (or any relativistic spacetime)? It is argued that they should since this is a question about the dimensionality of the world at the macroscopic level and it is physics that should answer it.
description: 3 pages; this is the published version of the paper
The composition of hot Jupiter atmospheres assembled within chemically evolved protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Notsu, Shota
name: Eistrup, Christian
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Nomura, Hideko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial-dependent positions of snowlines of abundant oxygen- and carbon-bearing molecules in protoplanetary discs will result in systematic radial variations in the C/O ratios in the gas and ice. This variation is proposed as a tracer of the formation location of gas-giant planets. However, disc chemistry can affect the C/O ratios in the gas and ice, thus potentially erasing the chemical fingerprint of snowlines in gas-giant atmospheres. We calculate the molecular composition of hot Jupiter atmospheres using elemental abundances extracted from a chemical kinetics model of a disc midplane where we have varied the initial abundances and ionization rates. The models predict a wider diversity of possible atmospheres than those predicted using elemental ratios from snowlines only. As found in previous work, as the C/O ratio exceeds the solar value, the mixing ratio of CH$_{4}$ increases in the lower atmosphere, and those of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$ and HCN increase mainly in the upper atmosphere. The mixing ratio of H$_{2}$O correspondingly decreases. We find that hot Jupiters with C/O$>1$ can only form between the CO$_{2}$ and CH$_{4}$ snowlines. Moreover, they can only form in a disc which has fully inherited interstellar abundances, and where negligible chemistry has occurred. Hence, carbon-rich planets are likely rare, unless efficient transport of hydrocarbon-rich ices via pebble drift to within the CH$_{4}$ snowline is a common phenomenon. We predict combinations of C/O ratios and elemental abundances that can constrain gas-giant planet formation locations relative to snowline positions, and that can provide insight into the disc chemical history.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables are contained in this paper. It was accepted for publication in MNRAS on September 18th, 2020
Looking Beyond Content: Skill development for engineers
Creators: name: Redish, Edward F.
name: Smith, Karl A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current concerns over reforming engineering education have focused attention on helping students develop skills and an adaptive expertise. Phenomenological guidelines for instruction along these lines can be understood as arising out of an emerging theory of thinking and learning built on results in the neural, cognitive, and behavioral sciences. We outline this framework and consider some of its implications for one example: developing a more detailed understanding of the specific skill of using mathematics in modeling physical situations. This approach provides theoretical underpinnings for some best-practice instructional methods designed to help students develop this skill and providesguidance for further research in the area.
description: 20 pages
PREVENTION OF DISABILITIES AND SELF-CARE IN PEOPLE WITHLEPROSY IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Creators: name: Rezende, Nara
name: Martha, Maria Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420501
subject: Acute care
classificationCode: 420602
subject: Health equity
classificationCode: 420603
subject: Health promotion
classificationCode: 420604
subject: Injury prevention
classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care
classificationCode: 420303
subject: Family care
classificationCode: 420304
subject: General practice
classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services
classificationCode: 420307
subject: Health counselling

description: Leprosy is a public health problem, not only nationally, but also internationally, especially in developing countries. These people suffer from
consequences of the disease, which in the long term can generate neurological and dermatological sequelae, with the presence of disabilities, which can generate social exclusion, due to the prejudice and social stigma that they suffer.
In view of the above, the present study is justified with the aim of filling gaps that still exist in the literature, as well as providing reflection among the population, especially among health professionals, on self-care in the management of this disease, showing the importance of monitoring the affected person, with effective control and prevention of complications and disabilities.
The Mass of the Central Black Hole in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151
Creators: name: Metzroth, Kyle G.
name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Peterson, Bradley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to improve the reverberation-mapping based estimate of the mass of the central supermassive black hole in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151, we have reanalyzed archival ultraviolet monitoring spectra from two campaigns undertaken with the International Ultraviolet Explorer. We measure emission-line time delays for four lines, C IV 1549, He II 1640, C III] 1909, and Mg II 2798, from both campaigns. We combine these measurements with the dispersion of the variable part of each respective emission line to obtain the mass of the central object. Despite the problematic nature of some of the data, we are able to measure a mass of 41.1 (+/- 7.3) million solar masses, although this, like all reverberation-based masses, is probably systematically uncertain by a factor of 3-4.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Use and functions of optional [To iu] in Japanese clausal noun modification
Creators: name: Takahashi, Shino
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis focuses on the use and functions of the complementizer [to iu] as it pertains to Japanese clausal noun modification (CNM). [To iu] appears between a modifying clause and its head noun. Depending on the circumstances, [to iu]'s inclusion can be obligatory, optional, or even unacceptable. Following Kiparsky and Kiparsky (1970), Bolinger (1972, 1977), and Tomura (1985), the present study ypothesizes that [to iu], a function word, can have semantic characteristics and that its presence/absence influences the meaning of the sentence. This study also follows Maynard (1992, 1993), who claims that the presence of [to iu] functions to make the information given in the modifying clause foregrounded by one or more of its following three characteristics: (1) new information, (2) dramatic effect, or (3) a direct quote. The main goal of this thesis is to identify and to explain the semantic difference between CNM where the addressor deliberately includes optional [to iu] and CNM where [to iu] is not included. Analysis of the context where the CNM occurs proves indispensable in order to identify which feature(s) permits optional [to iu] to be present. Chapter One reviews previous studies which mainly investigate the structure within CNM. These researches analyze the distributional constraints according to the semantic characteristics of the head noun and the syntactic characteristics of the modifying clause. Presenting a few examples of problematic CNM, however, clarifies that clausal/sentence level analysis cannot thoroughly predict [to iu]'s presence/absence in CNM. When classifying Japanese CNM, this thesis employs Matsumoto's (1988a, b) trichotomy based on a semantic and a pragmatic framework: CH-, NH-, and CNH-type CNM. Following Maynard, I hypothesize in Chapter Two that the presence of [to iu] is optional in all NH-type CNM and shows analysis of the context is indispensable. By analyzing written data, Chapter Three re-examines the following two conditions in NH-/CNH-type CNM: the conditions which require [to iu] obligatorily in NH-type CNM and the conditions which do not accept it in CNH-type CNM. Most examples where NH-/CNH-type CNM require [to iu] obligatorily can be explained by Maynard's third distributional constraint, a direct quote. However, in the cases of CNM when the modality level of the modifying clause is two or below, [to iu]'s absence in NH-type CNM cannot always be explained by clausal/sentence level analysis. This thesis will particularly concentrate on contextual analysis of level one NH-type CNM. In Chapter Four, I will point out NH-type CNM which were formerly considered exceptions to the general rule can be explained by one or more of the three features proposed by Maynard. Chapter Five, the Conclusion, summarizes the issues investigated in this thesis and raises possible topics for further study.
Nonlinear saturation of thermal instabilities
Creators: name: Beron-Vera, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-frequency simulations of a one-layer model with lateral buoyancy variations (i.e., thermodynamically active) have revealed circulatory motions resembling quite closely submesoscale observations in the surface ocean rather than indefinitely growing in the absence of a high-wavenumber instability cutoff. In this note it is shown that the existence of a convex pseudoenergy--momentum integral of motion for the inviscid, unforced dynamics provides a mechanism for the nonlinear saturation of such thermal instabilities in the zonally symmetric case. The result is an application of \citet{Arnold-66} and \citet{Shepherd-88a} methods.
description: Comments welcomed!
On the Identification of Coherent Structures in Space Plasmas: the Magnetic Helicity-PVI Method
Creators: name: Pecora, F.
name: Servidio, S.
name: Greco, A.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma turbulence can be viewed as a magnetic landscape populated by large and small scale coherent structures. In this complex network, large helical magnetic tubes might be separated by small scale magnetic reconnection events (current sheets). However, the identification of these magnetic structures in a continuous stream of data has always been a challenging task. Here we present a method that is able to characterize both the large and small scale structures of the turbulent solar wind, based on the combined use of a filtered magnetic helicity ($H_m$) and the Partial Variance of Increments (PVI). This simple, single-spacecraft technique, has been validated first via direct numerical simulations of plasma turbulence and then applied to data from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission. This novel analysis, combining $H_m$&PVI methods, reveals that a large number of flux tubes populate the solar wind and continuously merge in contact regions where magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration may occur.
title: исследование смазки электрических контактов переключателей электронной аппаратуры
title: lubrication of electrical contacts of electronic equipment switches
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Polshchikov, Henrikh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1988

description: Исследование влияния различных химических типов масел и загустителей пластичных смазок на работу электрического контакта переключателей радиоэлектронной аппаратуры в режимах скольжения и разрыва электрической цепи при отсутствии и наличии маломощных электрических и дуговых разрядов.
Revisiting γγ->π^+π^- at low energies
Creators: name: Gasser, Juerg
name: Ivanov, Mikhail A.
name: Sainio, Mikko E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the recalculation of the available two-loop expressions for the reaction γγ->ππin the framework of chiral perturbation theory. Here, we present the results for charged pions. The cross section and the values of the dipole polarizabilities agree very well with the earlier calculation, provided the same set of low-energy constants (LECs) is used. With updated values for the LECs at order p^4, we find for the dipole polarizabilities (α_1-β_1)_{π^\pm} = (5.7\pm 1.0) 10^{-4} fm^3, which is in conflict with the experimental result recently reported by the MAMI Collaboration.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
D6.3 Data architecture
Creators: name: Wyns, Roxanne
name: De Clerck, Michiel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data discovery
Integrated search
Data enrichment
Data aggregation
Federated search

description: Technical description of the data architecture This task translates the functional and non-functional requirements into the technical architecture of the ReIReS unified discovery environment. It starts with a research and design phase, selecting suitable hard- and software components to achieve the requirements specified in Deliverable 6.1 Requirements Overview and Use Case Models. The ReIReS unified discovery environment is intended for researchers in the field of religious studies to facilitate the discovery of larger sets of data. It aims to do this via both the aggregation of data from consortium members and a federated search in datasets that are accessible via API within the consortium. These datasets will be published on a single location on a navigation and presentation interface designed for the searching, browsing and visualization of data. The data will be stored in a graph database, which uses graph structures that relate data items to each other to represent relationships between them. Graph databases hold the relationships between data as a priority.1 This emphasis on expressing the relation between data is intended to further improve discoverability. Data will be stored in the JSON-LD format following a data model based on Schema.org.2 JSON-LD and Schema.org were designed for encoding and structuring Linked Data respectively.3 These elements are also used in search engine optimization because they increase visibility of search results.4 This application profile created for ReIReS, based on Schema.org, is described in D6.2 Integrated Metadata Model. This first version reports on the work done towards the development of the back-end of the infrastructure. An update of this report will follow as the work progresses with the build of the user interface and the refinement of the environment.
Theoretical Conditions for Field-free Magnetization Switching Induced by Spin-orbit Torque and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction
Creators: name: Wang, Min
name: Wang, Zhaohao
name: Zhang, Xueying
name: Zhao, Weisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was demonstrated that field-free switching could be achieved by combining spin-orbit torque (SOT) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). However, this mechanism only occurs under certain conditions which have not been well discussed. In this letter, it is found that the ratio of domain wall width to diameter of nanodots could be utilized as a criteria for judging this mechanism. Influences of different magnetic parameters are studied, including exchange constant, DMI magnitude and field-like toque, etc. Besides, we reveal the importance of the shrinkage of magnetic domain wall surface energy for metastable states. Our work provides guidelines to the experiments on the DMI-induced field-free magnetization switching, and also offers a new way for the design of SOT-based memory or logic circuits.
ปัญหาและแนวทางแก้ไข พ.ร.บ.ส่งเสริมและรักษาคุณภาพสิ่งแวดล้อม
Creators: name: สมชาย ปรีชาศิลปกุล
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Year: 2006

description: 1, 4, วารสารนิติสังคมศาสตร์
Tail asymptotics for the maximum of perturbed random walk
Creators: name: Araman, Victor F.
name: Glynn, Peter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25, 60F17, 68M20, 90F35 (Primary)

description: Consider a random walk $S=(S_n:n\geq 0)$ that is ``perturbed'' by a stationary sequence $(ξ_n:n\geq 0)$ to produce the process $(S_n+ξ_n:n\geq0)$. This paper is concerned with computing the distribution of the all-time maximum $M_{\infty}=\max \{S_k+ξ_k:k\geq0\}$ of perturbed random walk with a negative drift. Such a maximum arises in several different applications settings, including production systems, communications networks and insurance risk. Our main results describe asymptotics for $\mathbb{P}(M_{\infty}>x)$ as $x\to\infty$. The tail asymptotics depend greatly on whether the $ξ_n$'s are light-tailed or heavy-tailed. In the light-tailed setting, the tail asymptotic is closely related to the Cramér--Lundberg asymptotic for standard random walk.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000268 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)