cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Sir Josiah Child and the East India Company.
Creators: name: Crowe, A. L.
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1956

description: Sir Josiah Child's activity in the councils of the East India Company was motivated by his interest in shipping and made possible by great wealth and the organisation of the Company. The period of his activity was one of crisis for the Company because of threats to its trade. Its main business was the transport of Indian goods to Europe by the sea route and it had a legal monopoly of the use of this route. To develop its trade, therefore, it had to attract goods to its shipping and so had to maintain entrepcts in India. These, in Child's time, were involving the Company in civics and political responsibilities. They could only be maintained, developed and defended by the Company with its permanent joint stock. In the last quarter of the seventeenth century the Company faced a threefold problem. The entrepots were threatened by the growing anarchy in India, the monopoly was threatened by interloping and the Company was attacked in England by business rivals and opponents of the royal prerogative to which it owed its existence. To survive this crisis the Company threw in its lot with the Crown and in return gained an extension of its powers, which enabled it to deal with its enemies; and these powers remained part of its structure henceforward. It emerged from a defensive action with a 'polity' in India. Child's writings on trade, polities and the community throw some light on the part he played in this crisis and on the nature of the polity with which the Company emerged from it.
Formulation, optimisation, and evaluation of Lornoxicam-loaded Novasomes for targeted ulcerative colitis therapy: in vitro and in vivo investigations
Creators: name: Darwish, Asmaa Badawy
name: Salama, Abeer
name: Al-Samadi, Inas Essam Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The purpose of this work was to create and assess Lornoxicam (LOR) loaded Novasomes (Novas) for the efficient treatment of ulcerative colitis. The study was performed using a 23 factorial design to investigate the impact of several formulation variables. Three separate parameters were investigated: Surface Active agent (SAA) type (X1), LOR concentration (X2), and SAA: Oleic acid ratio (X3). The dependent responses included encapsulation efficiency (Y1: EE %), particle size (Y2: PS), zeta potential (Y3: ZP), and polydispersity index (Y4: PDI). The vesicles demonstrated remarkable LOR encapsulation efficiency, ranging from 81.32 ± 3.24 to 98.64 ± 0.99%. The vesicle sizes ranged from 329 ± 9.88 to 583.4 ± 9.04 nm with high negative zeta potential values. The release pattern for Novas’ LOR was biphasic and adhered to Higuchi’s model. An in-vivo study assessed how LOR-Novas affected rats’ acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). The optimised LOR-Novas effectively reduced colonic ulceration (p < 0.05) and reduced the inflammatory pathway via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κβ) and inducible nitric oxide (iNO). At the same time, it elevated Silent information regulator-1(SIRT-1) and reduced glutathione (GSH) colon contents. Thus, the current study suggested that the formulation of LOR-Novas may be a viable treatment for ulcerative colitis.
Anti-GPC3 antibody and cell-penetrating peptide CPP44 dual-ligand modified liposomes for targeted delivery of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Lin, Congcong
name: Sun, Jiamin
name: Yang, Yun
name: Pan, Xinyao
name: Sun, Yifan
name: Sun, Bin
name: Gan, Chunli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Arsenic trioxide (ATO), the active ingredient in Chinese arsenic, effectively inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth, but its clinical application is limited by the lack of a targeted delivery system. Phosphatidylinositol proteoglycan 3 (GPC3) is specifically expressed in HCC, and CPP44 is a cell-penetrating peptide that targets HCC cells. Here, we developed a liposome incorporating ATO with dual surface modifications of anti-GPC3 antibody and CPP44. The system was firstly enriched and localized at the liver tumor site through passive targeting by EPR and active targeting by specific binding of anti-GPC3 antibody to GPC3 protein. CPP44 then facilitated ATO penetration into HCC cells. Specifically, we first employed computational modeling to demonstrate that the covalently-coupled antibody maintained its binding ability to the GPC3 antigen. Subsequent experimental assays revealed that Dl-ATO-Lp exhibited higher cell uptake rate and stronger tumor cell killing effect. In an HCC mouse model, Dl-ATO-Lp achieved effective tumor targeting, with a tumor inhibition rate of 63.43%. This dual-ligand liposome system enhances the targeted delivery and therapeutic efficacy of ATO, offering a promising direction for solid tumor therapy and advancing the clinical application of ATO.
Advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of pneumococcal meningitis
Creators: name: Xu, Yiyun
name: Wang, Ji
name: Qin, Xiaosong
name: Liu, Jianhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen associated with community-acquired bacterial meningitis, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. While vaccination reduces the incidence of meningitis, many survivors experience severe brain damage and corresponding sequelae. The pathogenesis of pneumococcal meningitis has not been fully elucidated. Currently, meningitis requires bacterial disruption of the blood – brain barrier, a process that involves the interaction of bacterial surface components with host cells and various inflammatory responses. This review delineates the global prevalence, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies of pneumococcal meningitis. The objective is to enhance the thorough comprehension of the clinical manifestations and biological mechanisms of the disease, thereby enabling more efficient prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions.
Formulation, Optimization, and Evaluation of Lornoxicam-Loaded Novasomes for Targeted Ulcerative Colitis Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations
Creators: name: Darwish, Asmaa Badawy
name: Salama, Abeer
name: Al-Samadi, Inas Essam Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The purpose of this work was to create and assess Lornoxicam (LOR) loaded Novasomes (Novas) for the efficient treatment of ulcerative colitis. The study was performed using a 23 factorial design to investigate the impact of several formulation variables. Three separate parameters were investigated: Surface Active agent (SAA) type (X1), LOR concentration (X2), and SAA: Oleic acid ratio (X3). The dependent responses included encapsulation efficiency (Y1: EE %), particle size (Y2: PS), zeta potential (Y3: ZP), and polydispersity index (Y4: PDI). The vesicles demonstrated remarkable LOR encapsulation efficiency, ranging from 81.32 ± 3.24 to 98.64 ± 0.99%. The vesicle sizes ranged from 329 ± 9.88 to 583.4 ± 9.04 nm with high negative zeta potential values. The release pattern for Novas' LOR was biphasic and adhered to Higuchi's model. An in-vivo study assessed how LOR-Novas affected rats' acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). The optimized LOR-Novas effectively reduced colonic ulceration (P < 0.05) and reduced the inflammatory pathway via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κβ) and inducible nitric oxide (iNO). At the same time, it elevated Silent information regulator-1(SIRT-1) and reduced glutathione (GSH) colon contents. Thus, the current study suggested that the formulation of LOR- Novas may be a viable treatment for ulcerative colitis.
Simple circuit and experimental proposal for the detection of gauge-waves
Creators: name: Minotti, F.
name: Modanese, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aharonov-Bohm electrodynamics predicts the existence of traveling waves of pure potentials, with zero electromagnetic fields, denoted as gauge waves, or g-waves for short. In general, these waves cannot be shielded by matter since their lack of electromagnetic fields prevents the material from reacting to them. However, a not-locally-conserved electric current present in the material does interact with the potentials in the wave, giving the possibility of its detection. In [F.M., G.M., Eur.Phys.J. C 83, 1086 (2023)] the basic theoretical description of a detecting circuit was presented, based on a phenomenological theory of materials that can sustain not-locally-conserved electric currents. In the present work we discuss how that circuit can be built in practice, and used for the effective detection of g-waves.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Multiphysics Numerical Method for Modeling Josephson Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifiers
Creators: name: Elkin, Samuel T.
name: Haider, Michael
name: Roth, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (JTWPAs) are wideband, ultralow-noise amplifiers used to enable the readout of superconducting qubits. While individual JTWPAs have achieved high performance, behavior between devices is inconsistent due to wide manufacturing tolerances. Amplifier designs could be modified to improve resilience towards variations in amplifier components; however, existing device models often rely on analytical techniques that typically fail to incorporate component variations. To begin addressing this issue, a 1D numerical method for modeling JTWPAs is introduced in this work. The method treats the Josephson junctions and transmission lines in an amplifier as coupled subsystems and can easily incorporate arbitrary parameter variations. We discretize the transmission line subsystem with a finite element time domain method and the Josephson junction subsystem with a finite difference method, with leapfrog time marching used to evolve the system in time. We validate our method by comparing the computed gain to an analytical model for a traditional JTWPA architecture and one with resonant phase matching. We then use our method to demonstrate the impact of variations in Josephson junctions and phase-matching resonators on amplification. In future work, the method will be adjusted to incorporate additional amplifier architectures and extended to a 3D full-wave approach.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Effect of Coriolis Force on Electrical Conductivity Tensor for Rotating Hadron Resonance Gas
Creators: name: Padhan, Nandita
name: Dwibedi, Ashutosh
name: Chatterjee, Arghya
name: Ghosh, Sabyasachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the influence of the Coriolis force on the electrical conductivity of hadronic matter formed in relativistic nuclear collisions, employing the Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model. A rotating matter in the peripheral heavy ion collisions can be expected from the initial stage of quark matter to late-stage hadronic matter. Present work is focused on rotating hadronic matter, whose medium constituents - hadron resonances can face a non-zero Coriolis force, which can influence the hadronic flow or conductivity. We estimate this conductivity tensor by using the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation. In the absence of Coriolis force, an isotropic conductivity tensor for hadronic matter is expected. However, our study finds that the presence of Coriolis force can generate an anisotropic conductivity tensor with three main conductivity components - parallel, perpendicular, and Hall, similar to the effect of Lorentz force at a finite magnetic field. Our study has indicated that a noticeable anisotropy of conductivity tensor can be found within the phenomenological range of angular velocity $Ω= 0.001-0.02$ GeV and hadronic scattering radius $a=0.2-2$ fm.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
title: The British Administration of the Maritime Provinces of Ceylon 1796-1802.
Creators: name: Wickremeratne, Upali Chandrabhaya
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1964

description: The Maritime Provinces of Ceylon consisted of all the land around its coast which was acknowledged as not belonging to the Kingdom of Kandy. Between 1796-1802 they were governed by the English East India Company. The Government was faced with many difficulties. They were ignorant of the languages of the country and of its real condition. The Mudaliyars, the former employees of the Dutch Company and the Muslim renters and traders wielded considerable influence. The real importance of the period is the many relationships which the Government reached with these groups without whose support their rule would have been imperilled. These relations took the form of the maintenance of the caste--system, the restoration of the headmen to their administrative positions, the employment of the Dutch as European officials and the use of the renting system for the collection of taxes. The shadow of their power also fell over other policies. The ingenuity of the Mudaliyars allied to British ignorance prevented the land-tenure system from being worked. The same reasons reduced the success of North's agricultural policy. The Madras administration tried to correct the balance of trade in Ceylon's favour by waiving all export duties. In this they failed. North for his part steered clear of general trade policies. Both the Madras administration and North refrained from interfering with the private traders. As far as commercial crops were concerned the Madras administration wanted to have them reproduced in India Although North opposed such a policy Ceylon's commercial products with a few exceptions continued to be neglected in his period. North was more active than his predecessors in spreading Christianity, distributing charity and fighting small-pox. Although North did enjoy a measure of success in his battle against small-pox, the benefit of his charity accrued mainly to one racial group - the burghers.
Presence of PCR artifacts in Sanger sequencing in Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue – experience in a collective of 990 advanced NSCLC
Creators: name: Kayser, Claudia
name: Csanádi, Ágnes
name: Bittermann, Nicola
name: Guenter, Jutta
name: Rawluk, Justyna
name: Fisch, Paul
name: Werner, Martin
name: Kayser, Gian
Publisher: name: Diagnostic Pathology
Year: 2016
Subjects: Lung cancer, molecular analysis, Sanger sequencing, fixation artifacts, PCR artifacts, EGFR

description: Background: Despite the rapid development of new molecular techniques such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), Sanger sequencing has been thus far the gold standard for mutation analysis. It is constantly used for daily routine diagnostics because it represents a quick and comprehensive available method for mutation analyses. Although Sanger sequencing is a good validated method, PCR artifacts may occur in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) material. This constitutes a serious source of error.

Aims: To assess the prevalence of typical and atypical EGFR mutations in exon 19 and 21 in a collective of 990 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, focusing especially on methodological issues and challenges concerning mutation analysis, particularly PCR artifacts.

Material and Methods: We examined 990 NSCLC (FFPE material) by Sanger sequencing for exon 19 and 21 of the EGFR gene. Four cases dropped out because of insufficient DNA quality (n =986). Results: Beside 101 typical exon 19 and 21 mutations (99 cases, two double mutations) we found 45 additional cases with distinct peaks at atypical positions in exon 19 and 21 in our first analysis. This would have implied a mutation rate of 14.6 %. Only six of these putative atypical mutations (all exon 21 and none of the exon 19 mutations) could be validated by repeated mutation analysis. All other peaks were not reproducible, therefore considered as PCR artifacts and consequently as wild type. Altogether we found 105 cases (107 mutations, 10.6 % of cases) with typical/atypical mutations in exon 19 and 21 of the EGFR gene.

Conclusion: In our opinion it is in general important to detect and report all mutations even at atypical sites to discover their possible clinical relevance. However, one must always be aware of the possibility, reasons and prevention of PCR artifacts in FFPE tissue. Therefore, prior to reporting mutations at uncommon sites these must be validated by repeated analyses.
description: Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 2 No 1 (2016): 2016
title: The Revenue Administration of Chittagong From 1761 to 1785.
Creators: name: Serajuddin, Alamgir Muhammad
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1964

description: This work is a study of the early British revenue administration of Chittagong. It analyses the local revenue methods and usages of Chittagong, examines the operational aspects of the general revenue policies of the Bengal Government in this District and shows how they were modified by local circumstances and. demands. Chapter I deals with the direct administration of the land revenue of Chittagong by the British servants of the East India Company before their assumption of the Diwani of Bengal in 1772. It considers their policies for assessment, management and collection of the revenues and the extent of their success. Chapter II discusses the division of Chittagong into nine revenue units or chaklas and the introduction of a farming settlement therein. It also surveys the opposition of the zamindars to the new system and the other connected circumstances which finally led to its abandonment and the resto-ration of the lands to the zamindars, as revenue farmers. Chapter III narrates the process of the revenue collection under the management of the Chittagong zamindars. Chapter IV deals with the implementation of Warren Hasings' "Permanent Plan for the Administration of the Revenues of Bengal" of 1781, in Chittagong, its failure and the inauguration and working of mofussil settlements of land revenue under the supervision of the District Collectors. Chapter V is devoted to the waste land reclamation policy of the Government in Chittagong. It further shows how a zamindar established exclusive rights to all the waste lands on the basis of a forged sanad, examines the progress of reclamation under that sanad, and the final unmasking of the forgery. Chapter VI analyses the sair revenues of Chittagong, describes the methods of their management and collection and the reasons for their abolition. Chapter VII describes the zamindars of Chittagong and delineates the characteristics of the Chittagong zamindaries. The institution of the Qanungo during the period is also reviewed. The Conclusion sums up the results of the investigation and suggests scope for further research.
title: Trade in the Safavid Port City Bandar Abbas and the Persian Gulf Area (ca.1600-1680): A Study of Selected Aspects.
Creators: name: Klein, Rudiger
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1994

description: This dissertation presents and discusses some results of archival research into aspects of intra- and interregional trade in the Persian Gulf Area during the XVIIth century. It illustrates movements of selected non-luxury goods and explores the ways in which the regional network of port cities (and the connecting caravan trade) functioned on a variety of levels, such as distribution of goods and price formation. In this context individual operations and strategies of some merchants and merchant groups are traced. The study is informed by the conviction that the workings of pre-modern Persian Gulf trade can best be captured by an approach which focuses on commercial regions as sustained by a network of trading places irrespective of their political allegiance, whether Safavid, Ottoman, Afrasiyab or Yacariba. Models developed by economic anthropologists and social geographers to describe the spatial dimension of exchange systems underlie the analysis and are presented in the General Introduction. A survey of the development of interregional trade patterns in the Persian Gulf Area (Ch.1) is followed by a sketch of the political processes which shaped the institutional framework for trade and comments on the relationship of merchants and state officials (Ch.2). Among the area's exports (Part 1), the horse trade is discussed as an example of highly regulated administered exchange (Ch.3). Conversely, the bulk trade of foodstuffs (dates, wheat) was completely open to commercial enterprise (Ch.4). Part 2 on imports is introduced by a presentation of wholesale price lists for widely traded Asian goods (spices, dyestuffs, metals). An excursus discusses problems inherent in the study of consumption and retail patterns in the pre-modern Persian Gulf Area. Imports of Indian textiles (Ch.5) and foodstuffs (rice, sugar; Ch.6) are described as (also) targeting mass markets. The reaction of local crafts and industries is commented upon, as is the position of the Persian Gulf Area in wider Indian Ocean circuits of exchange.
Analytic method for quadratic polarons in nonparabolic bands
Creators: name: Klimin, Serghei N.
name: Tempere, Jacques
name: Houtput, Matthew
name: Ragni, Stefano
name: Hahn, Thomas
name: Franchini, Cesare
name: Mishchenko, Andrey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Including the effect of lattice anharmonicity on electron-phonon interactions has recently garnered attention due to its role as a necessary and significant component in explaining various phenomena, including superconductivity, optical response, and temperature dependence of mobility. This study focuses on analytically treating the effects of anharmonic electron-phonon coupling on the polaron self-energy, combined with numerical Diagrammatic Monte Carlo data. Specifically, we incorporate a quadratic interaction into the method of squeezed phonon states, which has proven effective for analytically calculating the polaron parameters. Additionally, we extend this method to nonparabolic finite-width conduction bands while maintaining the periodic translation symmetry of the system. Our results are compared with those obtained from Diagrammatic Monte Carlo, partially reported in a recent study [S. Ragni et al., Phys. Rev. B 107, L121109(2023)], covering a wide range of coupling strengths for the nonlinear interaction. Remarkably, our analytic method predicts the same features as the Diagrammatic Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures
title: Technologie-Startups : Karrierewege von Gründerinnen und Gründern
Creators: name: Brem, Alexander
name: Hess, Sophia
name: Maguire, Darcy
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 330

description: Über welche Bildungsabschlüsse und Berufserfahrung verfügen Startup-Gründerinnen und -Gründer? Welche Unterschiede zeigen sich in deren Karriereverläufen? Wie ausgeprägt ist der Gender Gap im Bereich der Gründungen? Ergebnisse einer aktuellen Studie zu technologieorientierten Startups in Baden-Württemberg.
Quantum backflow current in a ring: Optimal bounds and fractality
Creators: name: Goussev, Arseni
name: Quinque, Felix
name: Joo, Jaewoo
name: Burbanks, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability density of a quantum particle moving freely within a circular ring can exhibit local flow patterns inconsistent with its angular momentum, a phenomenon known as quantum backflow. In this study, we examine a quantum particle confined to a ring and prepared in a state composed of a fixed (yet arbitrary) number of lowest energy eigenstates with non-negative angular momentum. We investigate the time-dependent behavior of the probability current at a specified point along the ring's circumference. We establish precise lower and upper bounds for this probability current, thereby delineating the exact scope of the quantum backflow effect. We also present an analytical expression for a quantum state that yields a record-high backflow probability transfer, reaching over 95% of the theoretical bound. Furthermore, our investigation yields compelling numerical and analytical evidence supporting the conjecture that the current-versus-time function associated with states maximizing backflow probability transfer forms a fractal curve with a dimension of 7/4. The observed fractality may provide a characteristic, experimentally-relevant signature of quantum backflow near the probability-transfer bound.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
title: The Contribution of the Laity to the Growth of the Catholic Church in the Onitsha Province of Eastern Nigeria, 1905-1983.
Creators: name: Nwosu, Vincent
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1988

description: Recent studies in African church historiography have increasingly shown that the generally acknowledged successful planting of Christian Churches in parts of Africa, especially the East and West, from the nineteenth century was not entirely the work of foreign missionaries alone. Africans themselves participated actively in planting, sustaining and propagating the faith. These Africans can clearly be grouped into two: first, those who were ordained ministers of the church, and secondly, the lay members. Previous historians did not seriously respect this division in their accounts of African participation, thus leading to a rather confused presentation. But this division and distinction is important, at least in the case of some Christian Churches, like the Roman Catholic Church, where the roles of the clergy and the laity are clearly canonically distinct. Many of the ordained African ministers did not behave very differently from their white counterparts who were in many cases regarded as model! Those who tried to follow a different line were sometimes described as rebels and cast away. Here one may recall the origin of many independent African churches or the schism which led to the Niger Delta Pastorate in the Anglican Church in Nigeria. In the Roman Catholic Church there was Reverend Father Michael Tansi - an Igbo priest, who was said to have opposed any form of inculturation in the church for fear of being unorthodox. This study seeks, therefore, to isolate the African laity from their clerical counterparts, and to examine the former's distinct contribution, either as individuals or in groups, toward the growth of Christianity in Africa. The particular church chosen is the Roman Catholic Church. The area studied is the Onitsha Province of the former Eastern Provinces of Nigeria - an area where the Catholic Church is widely believed to have made her greatest progress in Nigeria.
sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_0954408920934550 - Supplemental material for Three-dimensional simulation of performance in through-mask electrochemical micromachining
Creators: name: Te-Hui Tsai
name: Lin, Ming-Yuan
name: Fan, Zhi-Wen
name: Hung-Lin Lin
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_0954408920934550 for Three-dimensional simulation of performance in through-mask electrochemical micromachining by Te-Hui Tsai, Ming-Yuan Lin, Zhi-Wen Fan and Hung-Lin Lin in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
title: British Diplomatic Attitudes Towards Japanese Economic and Political Activities in Korea, South Manchuria, Kwantung and Shantung 1904-1922.
Creators: name: Adu, Emmanuel Ofori
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1976

description: The working of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance has been studied in detail by some scholars but no systematic attempt has hitherto been made to assess how far British diplomatic attitudes were affected by Japan's steady expansion into North East Asia during the period of its existence. This thesis attempts to provide an answer to that question. The thesis shows consistent British support for Japan's hegemony in Korea, South Manchuria and Kwantung in place of Russia during the early stages of the second Alliance. This policy continued even when Japan and Russia entered into accord to resist encroachments on their rights in those territories by certain British business interests and by the Chinese and United States Governments. Nor did it change when Japan annexed Korea. Although Britain made no change of policy towards Japan after the Russo-Japanese accord and the annexation of Korea, she felt that Japan aimed at dominating South Manchuria and Kwantung to the exclusion of other foreign interests. When, therefore, Britain's position in the Yangtze appeared to be threatened by French and Japanese business interests, the Foreign Office reasserted Britain's rights in the region against all other Powers and consequently was precluded from attempting to restrain Japan's moves to strengthen Japanese control over South Manchuria and from supporting prospective British concessionaires in the region. During the first world war, Britain needed Japanese assistance in the Far East but she felt unable to resist possible Japanese encroachments on China, She, therefore, tried to contain this threat by offering Japan the German lease of Kiaochow. Britain then found herself in difficulty as a result of her commitment to the Japan on/one hand and American and Chinese opposition on the other. She tried unsuccessfully to extricate herself from this difficulty at the Peace Conference, The end of the war witnessed demonstrations in Korea and China against Japanese policies. These developments provoked a review of British and Japanese policies in East Asia by the Foreign Office, which came out with proposals for either the replacement of the Alliance with an Anglo-American-Japanese Entente or a radical modification of the Treaty of Alliance.
Exploring critical behavior of thermodynamic variables of the Kerr-Newman-AdS black hole in the restricted phase space
Creators: name: Tripathy, Pabitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work delves into examining the thermodynamic properties of the four-dimensional Kerr-Newmann-AdS black hole, employing the recently proposed framework of restricted phase space thermodynamics (RPST). This approach introduces a novel set of paired thermodynamic variables: the central charge $C$ of the corresponding dual conformal field theory (CFT) and the chemical potential $μ$. Through simple analysis, we establish fundamental relationships such as the Euler relation, Gibbs-Duhem relation, and the zeroth order homogeneity of intensive variables. Employing numerical techniques, we explore the thermodynamic processes between these conjugate variables. Our investigation reveals the first-order and second-order phase transitions across various macroscopic processes. Despite the absence of complete analytical expressions, our findings unveil striking similarities in behavior between RN-AdS and Kerr-AdS, underscoring the presence of underlying universality within the RPST formalism.
On potentials whose level sets are orbits
Creators: name: Bolle, Philippe
name: Mazzucchelli, Marco
name: Venturelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53E10, 37J06

description: A level orbit of a mechanical Hamiltonian system is a solution of Newton equation that is contained in a level set of the potential energy. In 2003, Mark Levi asked for a characterization of the smooth potential energy functions on the plane with the property that any point on the plane lies on a level orbit; we call such functions Levi potentials. The basic examples are the radial monotone increasing smooth functions. In this paper we show that any Levi potential that is analytic or has totally path-disconnected critical set must be radial. Nevertheless, we show that every compact convex subset of the plane is the critical set of a Levi potential. A crucial observation for these theorems is that, outside the critical set, the family of level sets of a Levi potential forms a solution of the inverse curvature flow.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure; final version, as published
Story Map - Living Water: River, Land and Sea Country of the West Kimberley
Creators: name: Carracher, Lachie
name: RiverOfLife, Martuwarra
name: Traditional Owners, West Kimberley
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Coles Smith, Mark
name: Bool, Ian
name: Pérez-Hämmerle, Katharina-Victoria
name: Ward, Charlotte
name: Torres, Petris
name: Wilinggin Aboriginal Corporation
name: Mayala Inninalang Aboriginal Corporation
name: Williams, John
name: George, Annette
name: Long, John
name: O'Leary, Mick
name: Pusey, Brad
name: Robinson, Nick
name: Vokes, Richard
name: State Library Western Australia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360504
subject: Interactive media

description: Interactive online Story Map about the Martuwarra Fitroy River, Culture and Catchment
title: Trade and Politics in the Ethiopian Region 1830-1855.
Creators: name: Abir, Mordechai
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1964

description: The development of trade in the Red Sea since the second decade of the 19th century brought about a similar development in the Ethiopian region. A growing volume of Ethiopia's main items of export, gold, musk, ivory, incenses and coffee reached the coast from the interior. However, it was especially the slave trade which flourished in consequence of the growing demand for Ethiopian slaves in the Muslim world. This trade was mainly geared to supply the harems of the Muslim world with young concubines and wives, who were in fact of Galla and Sidama origin. On the whole, the volume of the Ethiopian foreign trade was still insignificant considering the potentialities of the country. The most important caravan route in Ethiopia was the one from the rich southwest through Gojam to Gondar and from there either to the Sudan or to Massawa. However, a new route opened by the Tajurans to Shoa in addition to the route leading to Berbera and Zeila by way of Harar, was growing in importance. With the help of the Muslim caravan traders who nearly monopolised Ethiopia's trade the revived Islamic propogation since the beginning of the century achieved great successes among the Galls. In the southwest the rulihg classes of the newly founded Galla monarchies adopted Islam. In the north, Islamised Galla tribes were making their last bid for supremecy in Ethiopia, while the Amhara ruling class was nearly oblivious to the dangers it faced. However, in Shoa with the help of firearms acquired by the Christian Amhara, the rulers were able to reconquer from Muslim dynasties or Galla tribes large areas of historical Shoa. Under the rule of Sahle Sellassie, Shoa became one of the most important political and economical centres in the Ethiopian highlands. One tends to believe that Sahle Sellassie in fact paved the way for his grandson Menelik.
Variational approach for the two-body problem in a multiband extended-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Iskin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a spin-up and a spin-down fermion in a generic tight-binding lattice with a multi-site basis, we investigate the two-body problem using a multiband extended-Hubbard model with finite-ranged hopping and interaction parameters. We derive a linear eigenvalue problem for the entire two-body spectrum, alongside a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for the bound states in the form of a self-consistency equation. Our results, based on an exact variational approach, suggest potential applications across various lattice geometries. As an illustration, we apply them to the linear-chain model and show that the resultant spin singlet and triplet bound states align well with the existing literature.
description: 7 pages with 2 figures; to appear in PLA
title: British Policy in the South China Sea Area With Special Reference to Sarawak, Brunei and North Borneo 1860-1888.
Creators: name: Wright, Leigh Richard
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1963

description: By 1888 Britain had secured control over the territories on the northwest coast of Borneo and commanded the eastern part of the South China Sea. This may be viewed as the culmination of a fifty year policy of involvement in the area. During the 1840's and 1850's that policy was hesitant and faltering. But after 1860 it became a definite movement toward domination of the route between Singapore and Hong Kong. Two basic factors of British Far Eastern policy were involved. One was the need to maintain and protect the trade route to China. The other factor was the evolution of an imperial policy - the change-over from primarily a commercially based to a politically based policy. The change took place during the quarter of a century following 1860. British activity was motivated more and more by the idea that another power might acquire a territorial footing in northwest Borneo and threaten the trade routes. During the 1860's Britain granted naval protection to Sarawak. It was then but a step to proclaiming a sphere of influence over the whole coast. These moves were as much a reaction to the French presence in Cochin China as they were a reflection of the new imperialist feeling arising in Britain. The suspicion of German intentions in the area moved Britain to strengthen her position. She sponsored the state of North Borneo under rule by a chartered company. By a protocol with Germany and Spain she defined her sphere in Borneo. Finally Britain granted protectorates over Sarawak, Brunei and North Borneo. The purpose of this thesis is to study Britain's position in Borneo from 1860 to 1888 and to show how it reflected the development of policy in London.
CO2 capture using boron, nitrogen, and phosphorus-doped C20 in the present electric field: A DFT study
Creators: name: Rezaee, Parham
name: Asl, Shervin Alikhah
name: Javadi, Mohammad Hasan
name: Rezaee, Shahab
name: Morad, Razieh
name: Akbari, Mahmood
name: Arab, Seyed Shahriar
name: Maaza, Malik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Burning fossil fuels emits a significant amount of CO2, causing climate change concerns. CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) aims to reduce emissions, with fullerenes showing promise as CO2 adsorbents. Recent research focuses on modifying fullerenes using an electric field. In light of this, we carried out DFT studies on some B, N, and P doped C20 (C20-nXn (n = 0, 1, 2, and 3; X = B, N, and P)) in the absence and presence of an electric field in the range of 0-0.02 a.u.. The cohesive energy was calculated to ensure their thermodynamic stability showing, that despite having lesser cohesive energies than C20, they appear in a favorable range. Moreover, the charge distribution for all structures was depicted using the ESP map. Most importantly, we evaluated the adsorption energy, height, and CO2 angle, demonstrating the B and N-doped fullerenes had the stronger interaction with CO2, which by far exceeded C20's, improving its physisorption to physicochemical adsorption. Although the adsorption energy of P-doped fullerenes was not as satisfactory, in most cases, increasing the electric field led to enhancing CO2 adsorption and incorporating chemical attributes to CO2-fullerene interaction. The HOMO--LUMO plots were obtained by which we discovered that unlike the P-doped C20, the surprising activity of B and N-doped C20s against CO2 originates from a high concentration of the HOMO-LUMO orbitals on B and N atoms. Additionally, the charge distribution for all structures was depicted using the ESP map. In the present article, we attempt to introduce more effective fullerene-based materials for CO2 capture as well as strategies to enhance their efficiency and revealing adsorption nature over B, N, and P-doped fullerenes.
Evaluating Privacy Perceptions, Experience, and Behavior of Software Development Teams
Creators: name: Prybylo, Maxwell
name: Haghighi, Sara
name: Peddinti, Sai Teja
name: Ghanavati, Sepideh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increase in the number of privacy regulations, small development teams are forced to make privacy decisions on their own. In this paper, we conduct a mixed-method survey study, including statistical and qualitative analysis, to evaluate the privacy perceptions, practices, and knowledge of members involved in various phases of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Our survey includes 362 participants from 23 countries, encompassing roles such as product managers, developers, and testers. Our results show diverse definitions of privacy across SDLC roles, emphasizing the need for a holistic privacy approach throughout SDLC. We find that software teams, regardless of their region, are less familiar with privacy concepts (such as anonymization), relying on self-teaching and forums. Most participants are more familiar with GDPR and HIPAA than other regulations, with multi-jurisdictional compliance being their primary concern. Our results advocate the need for role-dependent solutions to address the privacy challenges, and we highlight research directions and educational takeaways to help improve privacy-aware SDLC.
Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas melalui Kewirausahaan Inklusif: Studi Kasus pada UMKM di Banten dan Jawa Barat
Creators: name: Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas melalui Kewirausahaan Inklusif: Studi Kasus pada UMKM di Banten dan Jawa Barat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

Reza Febri Abadi
title: Local Politics in Bengal: Midnapur District 1907-1934.
Creators: name: Gupta, Swapan Das
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1980

description: This thesis studies the development and social character of Indian nationalism in the Midnapur district of Bengal. It begins by showing the Government of Bengal in 1907 in a deepening political crisis. The structural imbalances caused by the policy of active intervention in the localities could not be offset by the 'paternalistic' and personalised district administration. In Midnapur, the situation was compounded by the inability of government to secure its traditional political base based on zemindars. Real power in the countryside lay in the hands of petty landlords and intermediaries who consolidated their hold in the economic environment of growing commercialisation in agriculture. This was reinforced by a caste movement of the Mahishyas which injected the district with its own version of 'peasant-pride'. The thesis also argues that till 1921, the nationalist movement failed to involve the rural activists. Urban and rural political activity developed autonomously and without mutual reference. The radical change in nationalist politics in 1921 enabled some politicians to make the connection between these two currents. During the Non Co-operation movement, Midnapur witnessed a successful movement against additional rural taxation. It has also been contended that after 1922 the district Congress consciously strove to articulate the interests of 'well-to-do cultivators', especially the jotedars and tenure-holding ryots, and established its political hegemony on that basis. This was put to the test during the Civil Disobedience movement, when Midnapur, almost alone in all Bengal, was able to put up a formidable challenge to British rule. The thesis concludes that given the seemingly 'non-antagonistic' stretegy employed by Congress in its relations with indigenous society, the social character of the nationalist movement was determined by the existing hierarchical patterns of class domination. In Midnapur, this found expression in the aggressive, but ideologically conservative, movement of the rural rich led by the intermediary jotedars.