cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Design/Lift: An Extra Concrete Beam in a Park
Creators: name: Garcia Lammers, Federico
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: According to the Department of Transportation, a commercial truck can drive at a maximum speed of sixty miles per-hour while carrying a sixty-foot-long precast concrete beam on a state highway. The beam in question is headed to a town of 1,800 people to be installed as part of a student-driven, faculty led Public Works project in Webster, South Dakota. Design/Lift focuses on the choreography of lifting and positioning a large piece of concrete on a public site. The beam sits in a yard, unapproved to span highway bridges, but potentially ready to engage the public in unexpected ways. The project in this poster is part of three-year long collaboration that connects architecture students at South Dakota State University with local communities and building industry leaders. During the third year of this project, two sets of fifteen undergraduate students worked on one-to-one mock ups, participated in city council meetings, and discussed design ideas at community gatherings. Through close collaboration with structural engineers and precast concrete manufacturers, students worked on the construction of a public space at the entry to a new athletic field. Students and faculty designed the installation of the beam by working with local laborers and engineers to understand the transportation and airborne movement of a 42,000-pound piece of concrete, which was expected to rest on two columns cantilevering at least 10 feet on both ends. After choreographing the beam’s installation with certified 300-ton crane operators, students designed and fabricated a series of steel/wood “seating saddles” that connect the beam to a series of walking paths. The beam is a gallery wall, a long bench, a marker, and an unfinished monument. It appears to be a ruin that anticipates the construction of other things. It is in the process of becoming a mural for school children and the site of the annual chili cook-off. It is ready to bare any load that can balance on its slender profile. Design/Lift is part of the legacy of design/build pedagogy, presenting students and faculty with opportunities for on-going engagement with local expert labor.
Semiclassical L^p Estimates of Quasimodes on Submanifolds
Creators: name: Tacy, Melissa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35PXX (Primary), 35SXX (Secondary)

description: Let M be a compact manifold and P = P(h) a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on M . Suppose that u(h) is a L^2 normalised family of functions such that P(h)u(h) is O(h) in L^2, as h goes to 0. Then, for any compact submanifold Y contained in M, we obtain estimates on the L^p norm of u(h) restricted to Y, with exponents that are sharp for h goes to 0. As part of the technical development we prove some extensions of the abstract Strichartz estimates of Keel and Tao.
description: Changes to L^2 norm calculations in Proposition 4.2 (p15-20). No change to main result or general method
title: ‘Partners in Light:’ How Plastics Enabled Fluorescent Lighting and the Modern Office.”
Creators: name: Leslie, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Writing in 1946, Charles Breskin, the editor of Modern Plastics, suggested that designers were emerging from the “dark ages” of commercial lighting. While construction in America had lagged during the Depression and World War, scientific advances in many areas of building technology had surged, and new demand for residential and commercial space was matched by the desire for more efficient, comfortable, and mechanized buildings. While advances in building cladding and servicing have been well-covered, one key development—matching chemical developments in plastics with electrical and illuminatory advances in fluorescent lighting—had equally revolutionary impacts on building interiors.

Fluorescent lighting as a technology dated to the late 19th century, but it only saw commercial development with the expiration of incandescent patents in the 1930s. Keen to develop a new market for a product that they could still claim as exclusive, General Electric pushed early fluorescent systems to market by 1934. These lamps offered cool, energy efficient light that was ideal for factories, but they also saw early use in office buildings. Among their benefits was the ease they offered in controlling and directing their light. While incandescent lamps ran hot, requiring heat- and ignition- proof housings of metal, fluorescents could be paired with diffusers, reflectors, and housings made of more easily molded plastic. Underwriters Laboratories approved the first polystyrene holders for fluorescents in 1945, which allowed lighting designers wide latitude in the way fluorescent light could be focused, reflected, directed, and shaded. The first systems to provide truly even light distribution over wide floor and desk areas followed. Along with the ubiquitous sealed curtain wall and perimeter air conditioning units, office buildings of the 1950s quickly took advantage of fluorescents’ easy pairing with scientifically designed housings that enabled regular, gridded ceiling layouts—a key influence in the development of the open plan, modular office.
Dots, clumps and filaments: the intermittent images of synchrotron emission in random magnetic fields of young supernova remnants
Creators: name: Bykov, Andrei M.
name: Uvarov, Yury A.
name: Ellison, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-thermal X-ray emission in some supernova remnants originates from synchrotron radiation of ultra-relativistic particles in turbulent magnetic fields. We address the effect of a random magnetic field on synchrotron emission images and spectra. A random magnetic field is simulated to construct synchrotron emission maps of a source with a steady distribution of ultra-relativistic electrons. Non-steady localized structures (dots, clumps and filaments), in which the magnetic field reaches exceptionally high values, typically arise in the random field sample. These magnetic field concentrations dominate the synchrotron emission (integrated along the line of sight) from the highest energy electrons in the cut-off regime of the distribution, resulting in an evolving, intermittent, clumpy appearance. The simulated structures resemble those observed in X-ray images of some young supernova remnants. The lifetime of X-ray clumps can be short enough to be consistent with that observed even in the case of a steady particle distribution. The efficiency of synchrotron radiation from the cut-off regime in the electron spectrum is strongly enhanced in a turbulent field compared to emission from a uniform field of the same magnitude.
description: ApJ Letters, in press
title: Scaling Up Passive Energy to Suburban Developer Housing
Creators: name: Griffen, Craig
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Recent reports paint a dire picture of the potential worldwide affects climate change. Since our buildings’ energy consumption plays a significant role in the production of greenhouse gases, many more energy- efficient buildings could affect a major reduction in carbon production. Single-family developer housing represents a high percentage of US construction at a million starts per year. Yet, the typical subdivision is designed with little to no regard for orientation to sun, wind and thermal envelope efficiency. Since single- family homes consume around 80% of residential energy use, a million passive energy house starts per year could have profound effects on our energy use but most architects appear uninterested in suburban housing design. This segment of the market is prime opportunity for applying passive energy strategies on a massive scale. So with the looming specter of climate change, why do most architects and builders seem apathetic to the suburbs and continue to disregard this opportunity despite the potentially catastrophic results?

This research/design project questioned: if passive solar houses have been around for decades, why are there few passive single-family housing communities, and why haven’t they made the leap in scale? The research component investigates the historical reasons for the disconnect between architects, large housing developments and passive energy. Based on the findings, the design component proposes a variety of model house types, based on the Charleston House typology, and subdivision designs, both in the suburbs and as urban infill, as potential present-day strategies for extending the strategy to the massive scale. The research produced two governing questions that informed the design solutions: 1. How do we apply passive energy strategies to the pre-manufactured developer house? And, 2. How do we make passive houses marketable in a well-established industry?
Additional file 2 of RNA-sequencing based gene expression landscape of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda and comparative analysis to colored cultivars
Creators: name: Mittal, Amandeep
name: Yadav, Inderjit Singh
name: Arora, Naresh Kumar
name: Boora, Rajbir Singh
name: Mittal, Meenakshi
name: Kaur, Parwinder
name: Erskine, William
name: Chhuneja, Parveen
name: Gill, Manav Indra Singh
name: Singh, Kuldeep
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Correlation matrix values among Leaf Shoot tip (LSt), Mixed Flower bud (MFb) and Mixed Fruit (MFr) tissue samples and the replicates.
DeePaC models for real-time detection of novel pathogens
Creators: name: Bartoszewicz, Jakub M.
name: Genske, Ulrich
name: Renard, Bernhard Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: deep learning
bioinformatics
novel pathogens

description: A collection of DeePaC ResNet models for real-time detection of novel pathogens with Illumina (illu-) or Nanopore (nano-) sequencing. See the code and manual at https://gitlab.com/dacs-hpi/deepac. Model weights for the viral (-vir-) and bacterial (-bac-) models in .h5 files and config .ini files.
A Generalization of Nemhauser and Trotter's Local Optimization Theorem
Creators: name: Fellows, Michael R.
name: Guo, Jiong
name: Moser, Hannes
name: Niedermeier, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Nemhauser-Trotter local optimization theorem applies to the NP-hard Vertex Cover problem and has applications in approximation as well as parameterized algorithmics. We present a framework that generalizes Nemhauser and Trotter's result to vertex deletion and graph packing problems, introducing novel algorithmic strategies based on purely combinatorial arguments (not referring to linear programming as the Nemhauser-Trotter result originally did). We exhibit our framework using a generalization of Vertex Cover, called Bounded- Degree Deletion, that has promise to become an important tool in the analysis of gene and other biological networks. For some fixed d \geq 0, Bounded-Degree Deletion asks to delete as few vertices as possible from a graph in order to transform it into a graph with maximum vertex degree at most d. Vertex Cover is the special case of d = 0. Our generalization of the Nemhauser-Trotter theorem implies that Bounded-Degree Deletion has a problem kernel with a linear number of vertices for every constant d. We also outline an application of our extremal combinatorial approach to the problem of packing stars with a bounded number of leaves. Finally, charting the border between (parameterized) tractability and intractability for Bounded-Degree Deletion, we provide a W[2]-hardness result for Bounded-Degree Deletion in case of unbounded d-values.
Soliton localization in Bose-Einstein condensates with time-dependent harmonic potential and scattering length
Creators: name: Khawaja, U. Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact solitonic solutions of a class of Gross-Pitaevskii equations with time-dependent harmonic trapping potential and interatomic interaction. We find families of exact single-solitonic, multi-solitonic, and solitary wave solutions. We show that, with the special case of an oscillating trapping potential and interatomic interaction, a soliton can be localized indefinitely at an arbitrary position. The localization is shown to be experimentally possible for sufficiently long time even with only an oscillating trapping potential and a constant interatomic interaction.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in J.Phys.A
Recuperação da informação no banco de dados do arquivo judicial do fórum cível de João Pessoa
Creators: name: DINIZ, Bárbara Carvalho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: arquivo judicial
recuperação da informação
banco de dados

description: Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação em Arquivologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba da discente Bárbara Carvalho Diniz
Uniform polynomial approximation of even and odd functions on symmetric intervals
Creators: name: Dunham, Charles Burton
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An odd or even continuous function on a symmetric interval [-a,a] can be evaluated in two different ways, each using only one uniform polynomial approximation. It is of practical importance to know which method of evaluation takes fewer arithmetic operations. This is a special case of a more general problem, which is concerned with the optimal subdivision of the interval of evaluation of a function f into sub-intervals, on each of which f has a uniform polynomial approximation. In the first three chapters a method of computing the number of arithmetic operations for evaluation is developed. Expansions in Chebyshev polynomials are studied, with emphasis on the practical problem of computing coefficients, and then it is shown how the expansion in Chebyshev polynomials may be used to obtain truncation error bounds for the uniform polynomial approximation. From these bounds the required degree for the approximation and the required number of multiplications for evaluation may be easily determined. Tables of computed results are given. In Chapter 4 theoretical results are developed from the theory of Lagrange interpolation and these results are in agreement with the computed results obtained previously. In the problem of evaluation of even and odd functions on [-a,a] , use of the uniform polynomial approximation on [-a,a] is advantageous unless the rate of increase of the derivative of f is rapid. In the general case of evaluation of a continuous function, use of approximations on sub-intervals becomes more advantageous the more rapidly the derivatives of f increase.
Resonance near Border-Collision Bifurcations in Piecewise-Smooth, Continuous Maps
Creators: name: Simpson, D. J. W.
name: Meiss, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G10, 37G15, 37B10

description: Mode-locking regions (resonance tongues) formed by border-collision bifurcations of piecewise-smooth, continuous maps commonly exhibit a distinctive sausage-like geometry with pinch points called "shrinking points". In this paper we extend our unfolding of the piecewise-linear case [{\em Nonlinearity}, 22(5):1123-1144, 2009] to show how shrinking points are destroyed by nonlinearity. We obtain a codimension-three unfolding of this shrinking point bifurcation for $N$-dimensional maps. We show that the destruction of the shrinking points generically occurs by the creation of a curve of saddle-node bifurcations that smooth one boundary of the sausage, leaving a kink in the other boundary.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
title: Steel Structures that Breathe: Two Extensively Glazed Buildings that Integrate Natural Ventilation within Structural Members
Creators: name: Charles, Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The paper is a case study of two extensively-glazed steel- framed buildings, Jean Prouvé’s 1957 temporary school in Villejuif, France, and, Müller Verdan Architekten’s 2006 Sporthalle “Gotthelf” in Thun, Switzerland, that integrate natural ventilation within the building structure itself.

Practically, this unique approach enables the designers to provide usually mutually exclusive features, large glass formats and natural ventilation, without incurring the various penalties associated with operating such very heavy elements.

Conceptually, the idea of integrating the ventilation function within structural members goes against the standard orthodoxy consisting of the separation of enclosure systems from skeletal structural systems. This dichotomy has been one of the canonical rules of Modern Architecture ever since Le Corbusier enshrined it in his “Five Points”. It remains today the prevailing paradigm in curtain wall-type envelopes.

These two projects deserve to be better known because of their integrative design intelligence, and, because they challenge the dominant paradigm of separation of structure and enclosure, and in doing so, they open interesting design perspectives regarding the sustainable integration of natural ventilation in buildings.

The method for researching Prouvé’s building is archival research- and analysis-based. In the case of the Müller Verdan’s Sporthalle, the analysis of drawings is complemented with direct on-site observations and conversations with the architects. The paper also compares and contrasts the two projects with special focus on their structural and natural ventilation aspects.
String-Theorie und Geometrie
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The conference brought together mathematicians working in algebraic and differential geometry (14J32, 37J35, 53C15, 53C80) and physicists working on conformal quantum field theory and string theory (81T30, 81T40). In particular, new developments in mirror symmetry, topological quantum field theory and generalised complex geometry were discussed.
From production to suppression, a critical review of charmonium measurements at RHIC
Creators: name: Levy, L. A. Linden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charmonium suppression in hot and dense nuclear matter has been argued to be a signature for the production of the quark gluon plasma (QGP). In order to search for this effect in heavy ion collisions one must have a clear understanding of all the factors that can contribute to such a suppression. These may include shadowing of the partons in a nuclear environment, breakup of a correlated $c-\bar{c}$ pair as it traverses the nuclear fragment, suppression of feed-down from higher mass states as well as other initial state interactions. In order to disentangle these effects one must measure charmonium production rates in both proton+proton (p+p) and proton+nucleus (p+A) collisions. The p+p collisions serve as a baseline for searching for suppression compared to binary scaling predictions, allow one to quantify the amount of feed-down from higher states as well as serve as a tool to distinguish between different theoretical calculations for charmonium production mechanisms. In order to quantify nuclear effects it is also necessary to study charmonium production in p+A collisions where the temperature and density of the system are low compared to a heavy ion collision. These measurements allow one to determine the influence of nuclear shadowing and breakup in "cold" nuclear matter which can be extrapolated to heavy ion collisions in order to determine the amount anomalous suppression. Of course, extrapolations that rely on a model based technique depend heavily on the assumption of a production mechanism, a fact that reinforces the importance of the p+p measurements...
description: 8 pages, 6 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee
title: Mbesese Build: An Experimental Experience
Creators: name: Dong, Kevin
name: Fowler IV, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The Same’ Polytechnic College is a proposed vocational training institution in the Kilimanjaro Region of the United Republic of Tanzania to provide supplemental and diversified tertiary educational opportunities which increase human capital and reduce the severe levels of poverty that are endemic in the region. The college is the pilot project for the Mbesese Initiative for Sustainable Design (MISD). MISD has partnered with design firms and Cal Poly-SLO to develop a framework for campus development. The Cal Poly team established overarching planning principles and design goals for buildings and related infrastructure required to support a projected enrollment of 1,200 students.

The project provided a platform for collaboration between faculty, students, and design professionals. The campus proposal encompasses architecture and planning, as well as, a variety of engineering disciplines such as mechanical, electrical, structural, water, and transportation. Students researched an array of topics that are requisite to building; energy usage and generation, water conservation and reclamation, natural ventilation and thermal comfort, natural day lighting and solar exposure, construction materials and structural systems, pedestrian and vehicular traffic patterns, as well as, site access and maintenance. Additionally, the masterplan recommendations are based on computational analysis and design, results from experiments conducted at Cal Poly, and valuable feedback from the design professionals. The students then developed building strategies for implementing the aforementioned concepts, while learning how those design issues are intertwined.

In 2018, students, faculty, and MISD volunteers constructed a micro structure in Tanzania based on the master plan recommendations. Results from block wall testing, wind tunnel/natural ventilation studies, and a thermal comfort study informed the design and construction methods used to build the structure. The building process allowed the team to better understand how cultural, environmental, and technological considerations influence design and building in developing areas. The linkage between experimental research, design, and construction is a hallmark for the project and has served as a selling point for instituting change in building practices in the rural town where the project will be constructed.
Direct Chebyshev approximation
Creators: name: Henderson, John Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Approximation Problem and specifically, "direct" rational Chebyshev approximation is discussed. A brief summary is made of "direct" Chebyshev approximation. The remainder of the thesis is devoted to various aspects of a "Remes-type" Algorithm for rational Chebyshev approximation, as proposed by Fraser and Hart. It is finally concluded that the inherent difficulties of the method would generally outweigh the advantages of the rational approximation which it obtains.
Integration by parts formula and applications to equations with jumps
Creators: name: Clement, Emmanuelle
name: Bally, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H07 60G51

description: We establish an integration by parts formula in an abstract framework in order to study the regularity of the law for processes solution of stochastic differential equations with jumps, including equations with discontinuous coefficients for which the Malliavin calculus developed by Bismut and Bichteler, Gravereaux and Jacod fails.
Exploring the Kanak Vote on the Eve of New Caledonia's Independence Referendum
Creators: name: Pantz, Pierre-Christophe
name: Robertson, Scott
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: The referendum of self-determination in New Caledonia will take place on 4 November 2018. Sought by the pro-independence cause since the 1980s, successive political agreements —Matignon-Oudinot in 1988, then Noumea in 1998 — have pushed the referendum back 30 years. As the referendum approaches, the outcome remains uncertain. What is certain is that the indigenous Kanak population, which numbers some 40 per cent of the population, will play a major role in determining the outcome. This discussion paper identifies the key dynamics that characterise the Kanak vote and discusses the implications for the referendum result. This paper suggests that the referendum could see some differences among Kanak voters in comparison with previous election results. It also argues that the rate of participation/abstention among the Kanak will likely be a crucial factor in the referendum result.
Büchi complementation made tight
Creators: name: Schewe, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The precise complexity of complementing Büchi automata is an intriguing and long standing problem. While optimal complementation techniques for finite automata are simple - it suffices to determinize them using a simple subset construction and to dualize the acceptance condition of the resulting automaton - Büchi complementation is more involved. Indeed, the construction of an EXPTIME complementation procedure took a quarter of a century from the introduction of Büchi automata in the early 60s, and stepwise narrowing the gap between the upper and lower bound to a simple exponent (of (6e)n for Büchi automata with n states) took four decades. While the distance between the known upper (O'(0.96 n)n') and lower ('(0.76 n)n') bound on the required number of states has meanwhile been significantly reduced, an exponential factor remains between them. Also, the upper bound on the size of the complement automaton is not linear in the bound of its state space. These gaps are unsatisfactory from a theoretical point of view, but also because Büchi complementation is a useful tool in formal verification, in particular for the language containment problem. This paper proposes a Büchi complementation algorithm whose complexity meets, modulo a quadratic (O(n2)) factor, the known lower bound for Büchi complementation. It thus improves over previous constructions by an exponential factor and concludes the quest for optimal Büchi complementation algorithms.
title: Developing Evidence-based Tools and Resources for Material Selection
Creators: name: Carraher, Erin
name: Leither, Luke
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Building construction costs over a trillion dollars and accounts for half of the non-renewable resources consumed on an annual basis in the US, with materials and equipment comprising three-quarters of these costs. While not the final arbiters, architects play a critical role in determining what materials are specified for construction projects. Material selection in architecture has historically been taught through high- level lectures accompanied by empirical, evidence- based exercises and precedent studies during school followed by “in the field” experience for interns in practice. While there are many great resources that discuss material properties and analyze the use of specific materials in iconic projects through a case study approach, there is a significant gap in the literature and support materials when it comes to how and why materials are selected in the first place. With the rapidly evolving nature of digital tools, ever-expanding range of materials available on the market, and increasing standards for building performance, there has never been a greater need for comprehensive resources to support architects’ and educators’ understanding of the interconnected factors that influence and support informed decisions that are justifiable to all project stakeholders.

This paper presents the problem-setting process; findings from first-hand interviews with almost twenty practitioners at leading firms in New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco that have been recognized for their thoughtful use of materials; and plans for the next targeted phase of the work. University research seed funding supported the initial phase of this research, which was designed to validate assumptions about the unique nature of the material selection process. We plan that this study will serve as the first step toward developing codified resources to support a more evidence-based approach in education and practice.
Fluxon-based generation of graph states in Josephson qubits
Creators: name: Fujii, Toshiyuki
name: Fukunaga, Masaru
name: Hatakenaka, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graph states are a special kind of multiparticle entangled state with great potential for applications in quantum information technologies, especially in measurement-based quantum computers. These states cause significant reductions of the number of qubits needed for a given computation, leading to shorter execution time. Here we propose a simple scheme for generating such graph states by using special gate operations, i.e., control-phase and swap gate operations, inherent in superconducting quantum nanocircuits.
title: Timber 4.0: Open Source Systems as a Democratic Tool for Designing and Building
Creators: name: Dangel, Ulrich
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Architecture, as it exists today, is deeply rooted in perceptions that were established during the Renaissance, which credited the architect as the sole author of creative thinking processes and the resultant design ideas. Since then, the architectural profession has desired to develop new and innovative ways of building, often without being bound by traditions, the environment, or any other constraints and limitations. This approach has frequently failed to address the needs and concerns of many. As a result, architects have not been successful in imparting significant social change that is valuable to large portions of the population. In contrast, however, many other industries have adopted shared design and production practices for the benefit of the masses, warranting further exploration into how architectural practice might evolve its current modes of operation.

Wood as a building material has many beneficial characteristics–specifically its widespread availability, versatility, and ease of workability–which make it particularly suitable for investigating shared authorship and collective production methodologies. As an alternative to steel and concrete for mid-rise and high- rise buildings, mass timber construction, in particular, has experienced significant advancements in recent years, resulting in the development of entirely new building processes that rely on innovative engineered wood products, digital manufacturing, and prefabrication techniques. However, this has frequently led to expensive one-off proprietary solutions that are limited in their application. To foster innovation and disseminate knowledge, an open source culture of designing and sharing is necessary. To this end, this paper will present approaches for open source mass timber construction systems that can be applied to a wide range of scenarios and settings, with the aim of ultimately increasing the acceptance and market share of wood construction for the benefit of society at large.
Noether symmetry approach in phantom quintessence cosmology
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: Piedipalumbo, E.
name: Rubano, C.
name: Scudellaro, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of phantom quintessence cosmology, we use the Noether Symmetry Approach to obtain general exact solutions for the cosmological equations. This result is achieved by the quintessential (phantom) potential determined by the existence of the symmetry itself. A comparison between the theoretical model and observations is worked out. In particular, we use type Ia supernovae and large scale structure parameters determined from the 2-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS)and from the Wide part of the VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey (VVDS). It turns out that the model is compatible with the presently available observational data. Moreover we extend the approach to include radiation. We show that it is compatible with data derived from recombination and it seems that quintessence do not affect nucleosynthesis results.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The workshop was concerned with the most important recent developments in the area of efficient approximation algorithms for NP-hard optimization problems as well as with new techniques for proving intrinsic lower bounds for efficient approximation.
Picosecond laser structuration under high pressures: observation of boron nitride nanorods
Creators: name: Museur, Luc
name: Petitet, Jean Pierre
name: Michel, Jean Pierre
name: Marine, Wladimir
name: Anglos, Demetrios
name: Fotakis, Costa
name: Kanaev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on picosecond UV-laser processing of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) at moderately high pressures above 500 bar. The main effect is specific to the ambient gas and laser pulse duration in the ablation regime: when samples are irradiated by 5 ps or 0.45 ps laser pulses in nitrogen gas environment, multiple nucleation of a new crystalline product - BN nanorods - takes place. This process is triggered on structural defects, which number density strongly decreases upon recrystallization. Non-linear photon absorption by adsorbed nitrogen molecules is suggested to mediate the nucleation-growth. High pressure is responsible for the confinement and strong backscattering of ablation products. A strong surface structuring also appears at longer 150-ps laser irradiation in similar experimental conditions. However, the transformed product in this case is amorphous strongly contaminated by boron suboxides BxOy.
Conditional stability of unstable viscous shock waves in compressible gas dynamics and MHD
Creators: name: Zumbrun, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L35

description: Extending our previous work in the strictly parabolic case, we show that a linearly unstable Lax-type viscous shock solution of a general quasilinear hyperbolic--parabolic system of conservation laws possesses a translation-invariant center stable manifold within which it is nonlinearly orbitally stable with respect to small $L^1\cap H^3$ perturbations, converging time-asymptotically to a translate of the unperturbed wave. That is, for a shock with $p$ unstable eigenvalues, we establish conditional stability on a codimension-$p$ manifold of initial data, with sharp rates of decay in all $L^p$. For $p=0$, we recover the result of unconditional stability obtained by Mascia and Zumbrun. The main new difficulty in the hyperbolic--parabolic case is to construct an invariant manifold in the absence of parabolic smoothing.
description: 32pp
Modulational instability of Rossby and drift waves and generation of zonal jets
Creators: name: Connaughton, Colm
name: Nadiga, Balu
name: Nazarenko, Sergey
name: Quinn, Brenda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the modulational instability of geophysical Rossby and plasma drift waves within the Charney-Hasegawa-Mima (CHM) model both theoretically, using truncated (four-mode and three-mode) models, and numerically, using direct simulations of CHM equation in the Fourier space. The linear theory predicts instability for any amplitude of the primary wave. For strong primary waves the most unstable modes are perpendicular to the primary wave, which correspond to generation of a zonal flow if the primary wave is purely meridional. For weaker waves, the maximum growth occurs for off-zonal inclined modulations. For very weak primary waves the unstable waves are close to being in three-wave resonance with the primary wave. The nonlinear theory predicts that the zonal flows generated by the linear instability experience pinching into narrow zonal jets. Our numerical simulations confirm the theoretical predictions of the linear theory as well as of the nonlinear pinching. We find that, for strong primary waves, these narrow zonal jets further roll up into Karman-like vortex streets. On the other hand, for weak primary waves, the growth of the unstable mode reverses and the system oscillates between a dominant jet and a dominate primary wave. The 2D vortex streets appear to be more stable than purely 1D zonal jets, and their zonal-averaged speed can reach amplitudes much stronger than is allowed by the Rayleigh-Kuo instability criterion for the 1D case. We find that the truncation models work well for both the linear stage and and often even for the medium-term nonlinear behavior. In the long term, the system transitions to turbulence helped by the vortex-pairing instability (for strong waves) and by the resonant wave-wave interactions (for weak waves).
description: 26 pages, 30 figures
Viability, Invariance and Reachability for Controlled Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes Associated to Gene Networks
Creators: name: Goreac, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49L25, 60J25, 93E20, 92C42

description: We aim at characterizing viability, invariance and some reachability properties of controlled piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs). Using analytical methods from the theory of viscosity solutions, we establish criteria for viability and invariance in terms of the first order normal cone. We also investigate reachability of arbitrary open sets. The method is based on viscosity techniques and duality for some associated linearized problem. The theoretical results are applied to general On/Off systems, Cook's model for haploinssuficiency, and a stochastic model for bacteriophage lambda.
description: submitted
title: ISA: Precedent Studies in Arch Structures III
Creators: name: Palagi, Kristopher
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Engaging structures as impetus for architectural design, this paper examines the implementation of an approach to precedent analysis -- the ISA -- within an architectural structures course. As a means to graft the knowledge digested into familiar design languages, this pedagogy frames the precedent work in three perspectives: First, an understanding of the designers’ intent through assigned readings, essays, and in-class discussions; Second, computational modeling of structural components utilizing Revit’s Adaptive Families; and finally, a comparative analysis of the impact of formal variations on the structural efficacy through diagramming load-path and lateral resistance. Selected for their passion regarding structural logic, the semester spans a wide breadth of structural considerations through three paramount engineers; Eugene Viollet-le- Duc, Eladio Dieste, and Peter Rice. Aiming to develop a strong relationship between structural logic and architectural design decisions, the ISA approach weaves an understanding of the designers Intent ( I ) through the readings, Skills learning ( S ) within Autodesk Revit, and Analysis ( A ) documented in diagrams.
A statistical framework for differential privacy
Creators: name: Wasserman, Larry
name: Zhou, Shuheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One goal of statistical privacy research is to construct a data release mechanism that protects individual privacy while preserving information content. An example is a {\em random mechanism} that takes an input database $X$ and outputs a random database $Z$ according to a distribution $Q_n(\cdot|X)$. {\em Differential privacy} is a particular privacy requirement developed by computer scientists in which $Q_n(\cdot |X)$ is required to be insensitive to changes in one data point in $X$. This makes it difficult to infer from $Z$ whether a given individual is in the original database $X$. We consider differential privacy from a statistical perspective. We consider several data release mechanisms that satisfy the differential privacy requirement. We show that it is useful to compare these schemes by computing the rate of convergence of distributions and densities constructed from the released data. We study a general privacy method, called the exponential mechanism, introduced by McSherry and Talwar (2007). We show that the accuracy of this method is intimately linked to the rate at which the probability that the empirical distribution concentrates in a small ball around the true distribution.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure
The g-periodic subvarieties for an automorphism g of positive entropy on a compact Kahler manifold
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 37C25, 32H50

description: For a compact Kahler manifold X and a strongly primitive automorphism g of positive entropy, it is shown that X has at most rank NS(X) of g-periodic prime divisors B_i (i.e., g^s(B_i) = B_i for some s > 0). When X is a projective threefold, every prime divisor containing infinitely many g-periodic curves, is shown to be g-periodic itself (a result in the spirit of the Dynamic Manin-Mumford conjecture).
description: Advances in Mathematics (to appear), 11 pages
Quantum Interactions Between Non-Perturbative Vacuum Fields
Creators: name: Millo, R.
name: Faccioli, P.
name: Scorzato, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approach to investigate the non-perturbative dynamics of quantum field theories, in which specific vacuum field fluctuations are treated as the low-energy dynamical degrees of freedom, while all other vacuum field configurations are explicitly integrated out from the path integral. We show how to compute the effective interaction between the vacuum field degrees of freedom both perturbatively (using stochastic perturbation theory) and fully non-perturbatively (using lattice field theory simulations). The present approach holds to all orders in the couplings and does not rely on the semi-classical approximation.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Nichtkommutative Geometrie
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: These notes contain the extended abstracts of talks given at the meeting on ’noncommutative geometry’ in September 2004. The range of topics includes index theory, algebraic and topological K-theory, cyclic homology, quantum groups, spectral triples, the Baum-Connes conjecture as well as number theory, dynamical systems and mathematical physics.
title: The Corner: Tectonic Intersections of the Architectural Environment
Creators: name: Schwartz, Chad
name: Duarte-Terrazas, Jaasiel
name: Garnenez, Nataani
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Architectural corners serve as nodes of constructional shifting, of structural logistics, of environmental control emphasis, of spatial experience, and of aesthetic considerations and it is in these particular building intersections that our greatest architects have exceled. Despite the importance of the corner, most architectural software introduces generalizations into design work that all but assures improper understanding of a building’s corners, especially for students and those novice to the profession. The transformations undertaken in the computer rarely reflect the strategies used to create physical, occupiable space. For instance, when working in building information modeling software, walls intersect via “butt” or “miter” techniques regardless of the materiality of the components. Any system can turn the corner with perfect resolution, without the need for additional components or finishes typically used to resolve aesthetic and performance issues. From this technical perspective, what is possible in the computer is often impossible in reality.

This presentation centers on a recently initiated, seminar-based research project through which a group of upper division and graduate architecture students are rigorously examining a set of precedents in an effort to better understand how significant architects of the 20th and 21st centuries treated or continue to treat, as the case may be, the architectural corner in their critically acclaimed works. The primary goals of this study are to absorb for configuring these junctures of construction, tectonics, and design potential and to create a framework of lessons, which students can use in the development of their own design work moving forward both in the academy and in the professional world.
The group ring for S₃
Creators: name: Botta, Earle Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The units in the group ring for S₃ over the integers are investigated. It is shown that the only units of finite order are of order two, three or six. Infinite classes of units of each of these orders are constructed as well as an infinite class of units of infinite order. The equation G = AA T, where G is a unimodular group matrix of rational integers and A a matrix of rational integers, is investigated in the ring of group matrices for S₃. It is shown that A = CP, where C is a unimodular group matrix of rational integers and P a generalized permutation matrix. It is also shown that if H is a positive definite symmetric unimodular group matrix then H = H₁H₁ T where H₁ is a group matrix of rational integers and H is of infinite order except in the trivial case when H = I.
PERFORMANCES OF HEAD-ON Pb-SCIFI CALORIMETRIC MODULES
Creators: name: D. BABUSCI
name: A. BARILE
name: S. BIANCO
name: R. CASACCIA
name: L. E. CASANO
name: M. CAPOGNI
name: A. D' ANGELO
name: L. DANIELLO
name: D. FABBRI
name: F. L. FABBRI
name: G. GATTA
name: M. GIARDONI
name: B. GIROLAMI
name: D. HERTZOG
name: S. HUGHES
name: M. LINDOZZI
name: D. MORICCIANI
name: L. PASSAMONTI
name: N. I. QAZI
name: P. REIMER
name: V. RUSSO
name: S. SARWAR
name: R. TAYLOE
name: M. VENTURA
name: L. VOTANO
name: A. ZALLO
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1991

description: The article reports on performances of head-on Pb-scintillating fibres e.m. calorimetric modules ('H.O.P.S. ') exposed to a 20-80 MeV tagged photon beam. Good linearity and energy resolution better than 6%/ \\sqrt{E} were achieved therefore showing that this technique is suitable for experimentation at  ϕ-factories, even at the lowest end of the photon energy range.