cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
VLT/UVES Observations of Interstellar Molecules and Diffuse Bands in the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Welty, D. E.
name: Federman, S. R.
name: Gredel, R.
name: Thorburn, J. A.
name: Lambert, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the abundances of interstellar CH, CH+, and CN in the Magellanic Clouds (MC), derived from spectra of 7 SMC and 13 LMC stars obtained (mostly) with the VLT/UVES. CH and/or CH+ are detected toward 3 SMC and 9 LMC stars; CN is detected toward 2 stars. In the MC, the CH/H2 ratio is comparable to that found for diffuse Galactic molecular clouds in some sight lines, but is lower by factors up to 10-15 in others. The abundance of CH in the MC thus appears to depend on local physical conditions -- and not just on metallicity. The observed relationships between the column density of CH and those of CN, CH+, Na I, and K I in the MC are generally consistent with the trends observed in our Galaxy. Using existing data for the rotational populations of H2, we estimate temperatures, radiation field strengths, and local hydrogen densities for the diffuse molecular gas. Densities estimated from N(CH), assuming that CH is produced via steady-state gas-phase reactions, are considerably higher; much better agreement is found by assuming that the CH is made via the (still undetermined) process(es) responsible for the observed CH+. The UVES spectra also reveal absorption from the diffuse interstellar bands at 5780, 5797, and 6284 A in the MC. On average, the three DIBs are weaker by factors of 7-9 (LMC) and about 20 (SMC), compared to those observed in Galactic sight lines with similar N(H I), and by factors of order 2-6, relative to E(B-V), N(Na I), and N(K I). The detection of several of the ``C2 DIBs'', with strengths similar to those in comparable Galactic sight lines, however, indicates that no single, uniform scaling factor (e.g., one related to metallicity) applies to all DIBs (or all sight lines) in the MC. (abstract abridged)
description: 59 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables; aastex; accepted to ApJS
How scaffolds shape MAPK signaling: what we know and opportunities for systems approaches
Creators: name: Witzel, Franziska
name: Maddison, Louise
name: Blüthgen, Nils
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: scaffold
subject: signaling
subject: MAPK and ERK signaling
subject: Ste5
subject: mathematical modeling
subject: ultrasensitivity
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Scaffolding proteins add a new layer of complexity to the dynamics of cell signaling. Above their basic function to bring several components of a signaling pathway together, recent experimental research has found that scaffolds influence signaling in a much more complex way: scaffolds can exert some catalytic function, influence signaling by allosteric mechanisms, are feedback-regulated, localize signaling activity to distinct regions of the cell or increase pathway fidelity. Here we review experimental and theoretical approaches that address the function of two MAPK scaffolds, Ste5, a scaffold of the yeast mating pathway and KSR1/2, a scaffold of the classical mammalian MAPK signaling pathway. For the yeast scaffold Ste5, detailed mechanistic models have been valuable for the understanding of its function. For scaffolds in mammalian signaling, however, models have been rather generic and sketchy. For example, these models predicted narrow optimal scaffold concentrations, but when revisiting these models by assuming typical concentrations, rather a range of scaffold levels optimally supports signaling. Thus, more realistic models are needed to understand the role of scaffolds in mammalian signal transduction, which opens a big opportunity for systems biology.
Paramagnetism, zero modes and mass singularities in QED in $1+1$, $2+1$ and $3+1$ dimensions
Creators: name: Fry, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of paramagnetism, zero modes of the Dirac operator and fermionic mass singularities on the fermionic determinants in quantum electrodynamics in two, three and four dimensions is discussed.
description: 13 pages, uses latex2e+amstex
Kinetics of relativistic electrons undergoing small recoils in periodic structures and matter
Creators: name: Bulyak, E.
name: Shul'ga, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a general method for evaluating the energy spectrum evolution of relativistic charged particles that have undergone small quantum losses, such as the ionization losses when the electrons pass through matter and the radiation losses in the periodic fields. These processes are characterized by a small magnitude of the recoil quantum as compared with the particle's initial energy. The `detector' function for arbitrary recoil spectrum is derived in addition to the straggling function. These functions are determined by the average number of scattering events undergone by the particle over the length of the detector (ionization losses) or the periodic field and the specific spectrum of the recoil. Moments for both the straggling function and the detector function are derived. The minimum average number of recoils, above which both functions depend only upon the mean energy of recoil quantum, is estimated. The average of this number is about 10 recoil events.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. A report presented at RREPS 2017, prepared for publication in JINST
Additional file 3: of Ligand-Doped Copper Oxo-hydroxide Nanoparticles are Effective Antimicrobials
Creators: name: Bastos, Carlos
name: Faria, Nuno
name: Ivask, Angela
name: Bondarenko, Olesja
name: Kahru, Anne
name: Powell, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Composition and preparation of Heavy Metal MOPS (HMM) medium. (PDF 638Â kb)
Dynamic, modeling and simulation of an underactuated system
Creators: name: Madrid, Juan Libardo Duarte
name: Ospina-Henao, P. A.
name: Querubín, E González
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, is used the Lagrangian classical mechanics for modeling the dynamics of an underactuated system, specifically a rotary inverted pendulum that will have two equations of motion. A basic design of the system is proposed in SOLIDWORKS 3D CAD software, which based on the material and dimensions of the model provides some physical variables necessary for modeling. In order to verify the results obtained, a comparison the CAD model simulated in the environment SimMechanics of MATLAB software with the mathematical model who was consisting of Euler Lagrange's equations implemented in Simulink MATLAB, solved with the ODE23tb method, included in the MATLAB libraries for the solution of systems of equations of the type and order obtained. This article also has a topological analysis of pendulum trajectories through a phase space diagram, which allows the identification of stable and unstable regions of the system.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1704.02539
Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) data analysis
Creators: name: Meynadier, F
name: Delva, P
name: Lafitte, C le Poncin
name: Guerlin, C
name: Wolf, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Atomic Clocks Ensemble in Space (ACES/PHARAO mission, ESA and CNES) will be installed on board the International Space Station (ISS) next year. A crucial part of this experiment is its two-way MicroWave Link (MWL), which will compare the timescale generated on board with those provided by several ground stations disseminated on the Earth. A dedicated Data Analysis Center (DAC) is being implemented at SYRTE -- Observatoire de Paris, where our team currently develops theoretical modelling, numerical simulations and the data analysis software itself. In this paper, we present some key aspects of the MWL measurement method and the associated algorithms for simulations and data analysis. We show the results of tests using simulated data with fully realistic effects such as fundamental measurement noise, Doppler, atmospheric delays, or cycle ambiguities. We demonstrate satisfactory performance of the software with respect to the specifications of the ACES mission. The main scientific product of our analysis is the clock desynchronisation between ground and space clocks, i.e. the difference of proper times between the space clocks and ground clocks at participating institutes. While in flight, this measurement will allow for tests of General Relativity and Lorentz invariance at unprecedented levels, e.g. measurement of the gravitational redshift at the 3 . 10^-6 level. As a specific example, we use real ISS orbit data with estimated errors at the 10 m level to study the effect of such errors on the clock desynchronisation obtained from MWL data. We demonstrate that the resulting effects are totally negligible.
Properties of High Redshift Quasars-II: What does the quasar luminosity function tell us about super-massive black-hole evolution?
Creators: name: Wyithe, Stuart
name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the local universe, the masses of Super-Massive Black-Holes (SMBH) appear to correlate with the physical properties of their hosts, including the mass of the dark-matter halo. Using these clues as a starting point many studies have produced models that can explain phenomena like the quasar luminosity function. The shortcoming of this approach is that working models are not unique, and as a result it is not always clear what input physics is being constrained. Here we take a different approach. We identify critical parameters that describe the evolution of SMBHs at high redshift, and constrain their parameter space based on observations of high redshift quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that the luminosity function taken in isolation is somewhat limited in its ability to constrain SMBH evolution due to some strong degeneracies. This explains the presence in the literature of a range of equally successful models based on different physical hypotheses. Including the constraint of the local SMBH to halo mass ratio breaks some of the degeneracies, and our results suggest halo masses at z~4.8 of 10^{12.5+/-0.3}M_solar (with 90% confidence), with a SMBH to halo mass ratio that decreases with time (>99%). We also find a quasar luminosity to halo mass ratio that increases with halo mass (>99%). These features need to be incorporated in all successful models of SMBH evolution. On the other hand current observations do not permit any conclusions regarding the evolution of quasar lifetime, or the SMBH occupation fraction in dark matter halos.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Enhanced quantum spin fluctuations in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Bisset, R. N.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Ticknor, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For quantum fluids, the role of quantum fluctuations may be significant in several regimes such as when the dimensionality is low, the density is high, the interactions are strong, or for low particle numbers. In this paper we propose a fundamentally different regime for enhanced quantum fluctuations without being restricted by any of the above conditions. Instead, our scheme relies on the engineering of an effective attractive interaction in a dilute, two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consisting of thousands of atoms. In such a regime, the quantum spin fluctuations are significantly enhanced (atom bunching with respect to the noninteracting limit) since they act to reduce the interaction energy - a remarkable property given that spin fluctuations are normally suppressed (anti-bunching) at zero temperature. In contrast to the case of true attractive interactions, our approach is not vulnerable to BEC collapse. We numerically demonstrate that these quantum fluctuations are experimentally accessible by either spin or single-component Bragg spectroscopy, offering a useful platform on which to test beyond-mean-field theories. We also develop a variational model and use it to analytically predict the shift of the immiscibility critical point, finding good agreement with our numerics.
description: 12 pages (main body ~ 7 pages), 6 figures
POVMs: a small but important step beyond standard quantum mechanics
Creators: name: de Muynck, Willem M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is the purpose of the present contribution to demonstrate that the generalization of the concept of a quantum mechanical observable from the Hermitian operator of standard quantum mechanics to a positive operator-valued measure is not a peripheral issue, allegedly to be understood in terms of a trivial nonideality of practical measurement procedures, but that this generalization touches the very core of quantum mechanics, viz. complementarity and violation of the Bell inequalities.
description: Contribution to Proceedings of the Workshop `Beyond the quantum', Leiden, May/June 2006
Additional file 2: of Ligand-Doped Copper Oxo-hydroxide Nanoparticles are Effective Antimicrobials
Creators: name: Bastos, Carlos
name: Faria, Nuno
name: Ivask, Angela
name: Bondarenko, Olesja
name: Kahru, Anne
name: Powell, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Particle size measurements settings. (PDF 617Â kb)
Lattice calculations on the spectrum of Dirac and Dirac-Kähler operators
Creators: name: Campos, R. G.
name: Lopez-Lopez, J. L.
name: Vera, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a matrix technique to obtain the spectrum and the analytical index of some elliptic operators defined on compact Riemannian manifolds. The method uses matrix representations of the derivative which yield exact values for the derivative of a trigonometric polynomial. These matrices can be used to find the exact spectrum of an elliptic operator in particular cases and in general, to give insight into the properties of the solution of the spectral problem. As examples, the analytical index and the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator on the torus and on the sphere are obtained and as an application of this technique, the spectrum of the Dirac-Kahler operator on the sphere is explored.
description: 11 pages
Krittische Erklärung des Wortes Pischtim im Grund-Texte "Lo tilbash sha'atnez tsemer u-pishtim yachdaw"
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1800
Subjects: subject: Theologie
subject: 090

description: Materialien zu den Untersuchungen über den Pentateuch; Bibelkritik
Characterization and Verification Environment for the RD53A Pixel Readout Chip in 65 nm CMOS
Creators: name: Vogt, Marco
name: Krüger, Hans
name: Hemperek, Tomasz
name: Janssen, Jens
name: Pohl, David Leon
name: Daas, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RD53 collaboration is currently designing a large scale prototype pixel readout chip in 65 nm CMOS technology for the phase 2 upgrades at the HL-LHC. The RD53A chip will be available by the end of the year 2017 and will be extensively tested to confirm if the circuit and the architecture make a solid foundation for the final pixel readout chips for the experiments at the HL-LHC. A test and data acquisition system for the RD53A chip is currently under development to perform single-chip and multi-chip module measurements. In addition, the verification of the RD53A design is performed in a dedicated simulation environment. The concept and the implementation of the test and data acquisition system and the simulation environment, which are based on a modular data acquisition and system testing framework, are presented in this work.
Numerical Domain Wall Type Solutions in phi**4 Theory
Creators: name: Karkowski, J.
name: Swierczynski, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known domain wall type solutions are nowadays of great physical interest in classical field theory. These solutions can mostly be found only approximately. Recently the Hilbert-Chapman-Enskog method was succesfully applied to obtain this type solutions in phi**4 theory. The goal of the present paper is to verify these perturbative results by numerical computations.
description: 8 pages, latex, 18 figures (PostScript)
Primordial Helium Abundance: A Reanalysis of the Izotov-Thuan Spectroscopic Sample
Creators: name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reanalysis is made for the helium abundance determination for the Izotov-Thuan (2004) spectroscopic sample of extragalactic H II regions. We find that the effect of underlying stellar absorption of the He I lines, which is more important for metal poor systems, affects significantly the inferred primordial helium abundance $Y_p$ obtained in the zero metallicity limit and the slope of linear extrapolation, $dY/dZ$. This brings $Y_p$ from $0.234\pm0.004$ to $0.250\pm 0.004$ and $dY/dZ=4.7\pm 1.0$ to $1.1\pm 1.4$. Conservatively, this indicates the importance of the proper understanding of underlying stellar absorption for accurate determinations of the primordial helium abundance to the error of $δY_p\simeq 0.002-0.004$.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, misplaced figures are corrected, typos in Table1 are corrected
Additional file 1: of Ligand-Doped Copper Oxo-hydroxide Nanoparticles are Effective Antimicrobials
Creators: name: Bastos, Carlos
name: Faria, Nuno
name: Ivask, Angela
name: Bondarenko, Olesja
name: Kahru, Anne
name: Powell, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: HPLC measurement settings. (PDF 621Â kb)
The spectrum of massive excitations of 3d 3-state Potts model and universality
Creators: name: Falcone, Rossella
name: Fiore, Roberto
name: Gravina, Mario
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the mass spectrum of the 3$d$ 3-state Potts model in the broken phase (a) near the second order Ising critical point in the temperature - magnetic field plane and (b) near the weakly first order transition point at zero magnetic field. In the case (a), we compare the mass spectrum with the prediction from universality of mass ratios in the 3$d$ Ising class; in the case (b), we determine a mass ratio to be compared with the corresponding one in the spectrum of screening masses of the (3+1)$d$ SU(3) pure gauge theory at finite temperature in the deconfined phase near the transition. The agreement in the comparison in the case (a) would represent a non-trivial test of validity of the conjecture of spectrum universality. A positive answer to the comparison in the case (b) would suggest the possibility to extend this conjecture to weakly first order phase transitions.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures; uses axodraw.sty
Dynamics of the vortex line density in superfluid counterflow turbulence
Creators: name: Khomenko, D.
name: L'vov, V. S.
name: Pomyalov, A.
name: Procaccia, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Describing superfluid turbulence at intermediate scales between the inter-vortex distance and the macroscale requires an acceptable equation of motion for the density of quantized vortex lines $\cal{L}$. The closure of such an equation for superfluid inhomogeneous flows requires additional inputs besides $\cal{L}$ and the normal and superfluid velocity fields. In this paper we offer a minimal closure using one additional anisotropy parameter $I_{l0}$. Using the example of counterflow superfluid turbulence we derive two coupled closure equations for the vortex line density and the anisotropy parameter $I_{l0}$ with an input of the normal and superfluid velocity fields. The various closure assumptions and the predictions of the resulting theory are tested against numerical simulations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Quantum effects on winding configurations in SU(2)-Higgs theory
Creators: name: Lue, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the quantum corrections to the static energy for Higgs winding configurations in order to ascertain whether such corrections may stabilize solitons in the standard model. We evaluate the effective action for winding configurations in Weinberg-Salam theory without U(1)-gauge fields or fermions. For a configuration whose size, $a \ll m^{-1}$ where $m = \max{m_W,m_H}$, m_W is the W-mass, and m_H is the Higgs mass, the static energy goes like $g^{-2}m_W^2a [1+b_0g^2\ln(1/ma)]^{c_0/b_0}$ in the semiclassical limit. Here g is the SU(2)-gauge coupling constant and b_0, c_0 are positive numbers determined by renormalization-group techniques. We discuss the limitations of this result for extremely small configurations and conclude that quantum fluctuations do not stabilize winding configurations where we have confidence in SU(2)-Higgs as a renormalizable field theory.
description: 12 pages, 2 eps figures, RevTeX, psfig.sty included. Substantial content changes. Analysis improved to include higher-loop effects
Brief von Sigismund Stern und Ludwig Lesser von Culturverein / Vorstand an Leopold Zunz, 03.06.1844
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1844
Subjects: subject: 090

description: Antwort auf Leopold Zunz' Entschluss, aus dem Vorstand auszutreten
Illumination-induced nonequilibrium charge states in self-assembled quantum dots
Creators: name: Valentin, Sascha R.
name: Schwinger, Jonathan
name: Eickelmann, Pia
name: Labud, Patrick A.
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Sothmann, Björn
name: Ludwig, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on capacitance-voltage spectroscopy of self-assembled InAs quantum dots under constant illumination. Besides the electronic and excitonic charging peaks in the spectrum reported earlier, we find additional resonances associated with nonequilibrium state tunneling unseen in C(V) measurements before. We derive a master-equation based model to assign the corresponding quantum state tunneling to the observed peaks. C(V) spectroscopy in a magnetic field is used to verify the model-assigned nonequilibrium peaks. The model is able to quantitatively address various experimental findings in C(V) spectroscopy of quantum dots such as the frequency and illumination dependent peak height, a thermal shift of the tunneling resonances and the occurrence of the additional nonequilibrium peaks.
Efficient coherent internal state transfer in trapped ions using Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage
Creators: name: Sørensen, Jens L.
name: Møller, Ditte
name: Iversen, Theis
name: Thomsen, Jakob B.
name: Jensen, Frank
name: Staanum, Peter
name: Voigt, Dirk
name: Drewsen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally how the process of Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) can be utilized for efficient coherent internal state transfer in single trapped and laser-cooled $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions. The transfer from the D$_{3/2}$ to the D$_{5/2}$ state, is detected by a fluorescence measurement revealing the population not transfered to the D$_{5/2}$ state. A coherent population transfer efficiency at the level of 95 % in a setup allowing for the internal state detection of individual ions in a string has been obtained.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Shadow cast by rotating braneworld black holes with a cosmological constant
Creators: name: Eiroa, Ernesto F.
name: Sendra, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the shadow produced by rotating black holes with a tidal charge in a Randall-Sundrum braneworld model, with a cosmological constant. We obtain the apparent shape and the corresponding observables for different values of the tidal charge and the rotation parameter, and we analyze the influence of the presence of the cosmological constant. We also discuss the observational prospects for this optical effect.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor changes
Additional file 5: of Assessing the benefits of horizontal gene transfer by laboratory evolution and genome sequencing
Creators: name: Chu, Hoi
name: Sprouffske, Kathleen
name: Wagner, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Text S1. Supplementary Methods (DOCX 46Â kb)
High eccentricity planets from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
Creators: name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Carter, Brad D.
name: Penny, Alan J.
name: McCarthy, Chris
name: Bailey, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Doppler measurements of the stars HD187085 and HD20782 which indicate two high eccentricity low-mass companions to the stars. We find HD187085 has a Jupiter-mass companion with a ~1000d orbit. Our formal `best fit' solution suggests an eccentricity of 0.47, however, it does not sample the periastron passage of the companion and we find that orbital solutions with eccentricities between 0.1 and 0.8 give only slightly poorer fits (based on RMS and chi^2) and are thus plausible. Observations made during periastron passage in 2007 June should allow for the reliable determination of the orbital eccentricity for the companion to HD187085. Our dataset for HD20782 does sample periastron and so the orbit for its companion can be more reliably determined. We find the companion to HD20782 has M sin i=1.77+/-0.22M_JUP, an orbital period of 595.86+/-0.03d and an orbit with an eccentricity of 0.92+/-0.03. The detection of such high-eccentricity (and relatively low velocity amplitude) exoplanets appears to be facilitated by the long-term precision of the Anglo-Australian Planet Search. Looking at exoplanet detections as a whole, we find that those with higher eccentricity seem to have relatively higher velocity amplitudes indicating higher mass planets and/or an observational bias against the detection of high eccentricity systems.
description: to appear in MNRAS
The Averaged Kaczmarz Iteration for Solving Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Li, Housen
name: Haltmeier, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J20, 65J22, 45F05

description: We introduce a new iterative regularization method for solving inverse problems that can be written as systems of linear or non-linear equations in Hilbert spaces. The proposed averaged Kaczmarz (AVEK) method can be seen as a hybrid method between the Landweber and the Kaczmarz method. As the Kaczmarz method, the proposed method only requires evaluation of one direct and one adjoint sub-problem per iterative update. On the other, similar to the Landweber iteration, it uses an average over previous auxiliary iterates which increases stability. We present a convergence analysis of the AVEK iteration. Further, detailed numerical studies are presented for a tomographic image reconstruction problem, namely the limited data problem in photoacoustic tomography. Thereby, the AVEK is compared with other iterative regularization methods including standard Landweber and Kaczmarz iterations, as well as recently proposed accelerated versions based on error minimizing relaxation strategies.
Quantum Speed Limits Across the Quantum-to-Classical Transition
Creators: name: Shanahan, B.
name: Chenu, A.
name: Margolus, N.
name: del Campo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum speed limits set an upper bound to the rate at which a quantum system can evolve. Adopting a phase-space approach we explore quantum speed limits across the quantum to classical transition and identify equivalent bounds in the classical world. As a result, and contrary to common belief, we show that speed limits exist for both quantum and classical systems. As in the quantum domain, classical speed limits are set by a given norm of the generator of time evolution.
description: 5+3pp, 1 figure, accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
Lattice QCD at finite density: imaginary chemical potential
Creators: name: Lombardo, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe the results for the critical line and the thermodynamics of different phases of QCD which have been obtained by lattice simulations with an imaginary chemical potential, and review motivations and merits of the different strategies -- Taylor expansion, Fourier analysis and Pade' approximants -- for analytic continuation from imaginary to real chemical potential. I consider phenomenological models which can be easily extended to the complex chemical potential plane, thus affording a direct comparison with lattice data at imaginary $μ$: the hadronic phase and the high temperature limit are amenable to a simple description, while a rather subtle interplay between thermodynamics and critical behaviour emerges in the hot phase close to $T_c$
description: 20 Pages, 16 Figures; review at "The Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement", Florence, July 2006
The Convex Closure of the Output Entropy of Infinite Dimensional Channels and the Additivity Problem
Creators: name: Shirokov, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuity properties of the convex closure of the output entropy of infinite dimensional channels and their applications to the additivity problem are considered. The main result of this paper is the statement that the superadditivity of the convex closure of the output entropy for all finite dimensional channels implies the superadditivity of the convex closure of the output entropy for all infinite dimensional channels, which provides the analogous statements for the strong superadditivity of the EoF and for the additivity of the minimal output entropy. The above result also provides infinite dimensional generalization of Shor's theorem stated equivalence of different additivity properties. The superadditivity of the convex closure of the output entropy (and hence the additivity of the minimal output entropy) for two infinite dimensional channels with one of them a direct sum of noiseless and entanglement-breaking channels are derived from the corresponding finite dimensional results. In the context of the additivity problem some observations concerning complementary infinite dimensional channels are considered.
description: 24 pages
New stilbenoligan and flavonoid from the roots of Caragana stenophylla Pojark. and their anti-inflammatory activity
Creators: name: Pan, Lan
name: Fu, Lu
name: Jia, Xiao-Guang
name: Jia, Xin-Yue
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zou, Zhong-Mei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A phytochemical investigation on the 80% ethanol extract of the roots of Caragana stenophylla Pojark. resulted in the isolation of 20 compounds, including two new ones, named kompasinol P (2) and 3,5,7,2',3'-pentahydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanone (3). Among them, a pair of enantiomers, (7S, 8 R, 7′R, 8′S)-kompasinol A (1a) and (7 R, 8S, 7′S, 8′R)-kompasinol A (1b), were successfully separated by the chiral-phase HPLC resolution for the first time. The absolute configurations of 1a and 1b were determined by the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. 15 isolates were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity via inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 1a/1b, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 16–18 showed moderate inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 11.45 to 68.54 μM.
Gaugino Condensation with S-Duality and Field-Theoretical Threshold Corrections
Creators: name: Saririan, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gaugino condensation in the presence of an intermediate mass scale in the hidden sector. S-duality is imposed as an approximate symmetry of the effective supergravity theory. Furthermore, we include in the Kähler potential the renormalization of the gauge coupling and the one-loop threshold corrections at the intermediate scale. It is shown that confinement is indeed achieved. Furthermore, a new running behaviour of the dilaton arises which we attribute to S-duality. We also discuss the effects of the intermediate scale, and possible phenomenological implications of this model.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, 3 postscript figures included
A postmortem investigation of the Type IIb supernova 2001ig
Creators: name: Ryder, Stuart D.
name: Murrowood, Clair E.
name: Stathakis, Raylee A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images taken with the GMOS instrument on Gemini-South, in excellent (<0.5 arcsec) seeing, of SN 2001ig in NGC 7424, ~1000 days after explosion. A point source seen at the site of the SN is shown to have colours inconsistent with being an H II region or a SN 1993J-like remnant, but can be matched to a late-B through late-F supergiant with A_V<1. We believe this object is the massive binary companion responsible for periodic modulation in mass loss material around the Wolf-Rayet progenitor which gave rise to significant structure in the SN radio light curve.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. Fig. 1 resolution degraded to meet size limitations; full resolution version available from http://www.aao.gov.au/local/www/sdr/pubs/sn2001ig_gmos.ps.gz
Direct observation of faulting by means of a rotary shear test under X-ray micro-computed tomography
Creators: name: Zhao, Qi
name: Tisato, Nicola
name: Kovaleva, Olga
name: Grasselli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Friction and fault surface evolution are critical aspects in earthquake studies. We present the preliminary result from a novel experimental approach that combines rotary shear testing with X-ray micro-computed tomography ($μ$CT) technology. An artificial fault was sheared at small incremental rotational steps under the normal stress of 2.5 MPa. During shearing, mechanical data including normal force and torque were measured and used to calculate the friction coefficient. After each rotation increment, a $μ$CT scan was conducted to observe the sample structure. The careful and quantitative $μ$CT image analysis allowed for direct and continuous observation of the fault evolution. We observed that fracturing due to asperity interlocking and breakage dominated the initial phase of slipping. The frictional behavior stabilized after ~1 mm slip distance, which inferred the critical slip distance. We developed a novel approach to estimate the real contact area on the fault surface by means of $μ$CT image analysis. Real contact area varied with increased shear distances as the contacts between asperities changed, and it eventually stabilized at approximately 12% of the nominal fault area. The dimension of the largest contact patch on the surface was close to observed critical slip distance, suggesting that the frictional behavior may be controlled by contacting large asperities. These observations improved our understanding of fault evolution and associated friction variation. Moreover, this work demonstrates that the $μ$CT technology is a powerful tool for the study of earthquake physics.
description: There is only one experiment in this study, and the reproducibility of the experiment cannot be confirmed and the conclusion requires further experimental data support
Analytic continuation from imaginary to real chemical potential in two-color QCD
Creators: name: Cea, Paolo
name: Cosmai, Leonardo
name: D'Elia, Massimo
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of analytic continuation from imaginary to real chemical potential is one of the most powerful tools to circumvent the sign problem in lattice QCD. Here we test this method in a theory, 2-color QCD, which is free from the sign problem. We find that the method gives reliable results, within appropriate ranges of the chemical potential, and that a considerable improvement can be achieved if suitable functions are used to interpolate data with imaginary chemical potential.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, references added, minor changes in Sections 3.3 and 4. Final version to appear in JHEP
Elastic Wannier-Stark Ladders and Bloch Oscillations in 1D Granular Crystals
Creators: name: Shi, Xiaotian
name: Chaunsali, Rajesh
name: Wu, Ying
name: Yang, Jinkyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the numerical and experimental study of elastic Wannier-Stark Ladders and Bloch Oscillations in a tunable one-dimensional granular chain consisting of cylindrical particles. The Wannier-Stark Ladders are obtained by tuning the contact angles to introduce a gradient in the contact stiffness along the granular chain. These ladders manifest as resonant modes localized in the space. When excited at the corresponding resonant frequencies, we demonstrate the existence of time-resolved Bloch Oscillations. The direct velocity measurements using Laser Doppler Vibrometry agree well with the numerical simulation results. We also show the possibility of further tailoring these Bloch Oscillations by numerical simulations. Such tunable systems could be useful for applications involving the spatial localization of elastic energy.
description: Added more references. Updated numerical results
Mirror Symmetry in Three-Dimensional Gauge Theories, Quivers and D-branes
Creators: name: de Boer, Jan
name: Hori, Kentaro
name: Ooguri, Hirosi
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and analyze dual N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories in three dimensions with unitary and symplectic gauge groups. The gauge groups and the field content of the theories are encoded in quiver diagrams. The duality exchanges the Coulomb and Higgs branches and the Fayet-Iliopoulos and mass parameters. We analyze the classical and the quantum moduli spaces of the theories and construct an explicit mirror map between the mass parameters and the the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameters of the dual. The results generalize the relation between ALE spaces and moduli spaces of SU(n) and SO(2n) instantons. We interpret some of these results from the string theory viewpoint, for SU(n) by analyzing T-duality and extremal transitions in type II string compactifications, for SO(2n) by using D-branes as probes. Finally, we make a proposal for the moduli space of vacua of these theories in the absence of matter.
description: 54 pages, LaTeX, 3 Postscript figures. Two footnotes and one reference added
Striped anyonic fluids
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Lifschytz, Gilad
name: Lippert, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The choice of statistics for a quantum particle is almost always a discrete one: either bosonic or fermionic. Anyons are the exceptional case for which the statistics can take a range of intermediate values. Holography provides an opportunity to address the question of how the behavior of interacting anyons depends on the choice of statistics. In this paper, we analyze the spectrum of a strongly coupled, gapless fluid of anyons described holographically by the D3-D7' model with alternative boundary conditions. We investigate how these alternative boundary conditions impact the instability of the gapless homogeneous phase toward the formation of spatial order. In addition, we also show that for a particular, limiting choice of the alternative boundary conditions, this holographic system can be interpreted as describing strongly coupled (2+1)-dimensional QED. In this case, the instability leads to a spontaneous, spatially modulated magnetic field.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
An ansatz for the eigenstates in PT-symmetric quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Ahmed, Zafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a general ansatz for the energy-eigenstates when a complex one-dimensional PT-symmetric potential possesses real discrete spectrum. Several interesting features of PT-symmetric quantum mechanics have been brought out using this ansatz.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. A, 8 pages
Interacting Chiral Gauge Fields in Six Dimensions and Born-Infeld Theory
Creators: name: Perry, Malcolm
name: Schwarz, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dimensional reduction of a self-dual tensor gauge field in 6d gives an Abelian vector gauge field in 5d. We derive the conditions under which an interacting 5d theory of an Abelian vector gauge field is the dimensional reduction of a 6d Lorentz invariant interacting theory of a self-dual tensor. Then we specialize to the particular 6d theory that gives 5d Born-Infeld theory. The field equation and Lagrangian of this 6d theory are formulated with manifest 5d Lorentz invariance, while the remaining Lorentz symmetries are realized nontrivially. A string soliton with finite tension and self-dual charge is constructed.
description: 22 pages, latex, no figures
Additional file 35: of Assessing the benefits of horizontal gene transfer by laboratory evolution and genome sequencing
Creators: name: Chu, Hoi
name: Sprouffske, Kathleen
name: Wagner, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S4. Nutrient concentrations tested for cross-feeding experiments. (DOCX 11Â kb)
Bound States of (Anti-)Scalar-Quarks in SU(3)_c Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Iida, H.
name: Suganuma, H.
name: Takahashi, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light scalar-quarks ϕ(colored scalar particles or idealized diquarks) and their color-singlet hadronic states are studied with quenched SU(3)_c lattice QCD in terms of mass generation. We investigate ``scalar-quark mesons'' ϕ^\dagger ϕand ``scalar-quark baryons'' ϕϕϕas the bound states of scalar-quarks ϕ. We also investigate the bound states of scalar-quarks ϕand quarks ψ, i.e., ϕ^\dagger ψ, ψψϕand ϕϕψ, which we name ``chimera hadrons''. All the new-type hadrons including ϕare found to have a large mass due to large quantum corrections by gluons, even for zero bare scalar-quark mass m_ϕ=0 at a^{-1}\sim 1{\rm GeV}. We conjecture that all colored particles generally acquire a large effective mass due to dressed gluon effects.
description: Talk given at The 17th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2006), Kyoto, Japan, 2-7 Oct 2006
Graphs, Skeleta and Reconstruction of Polytopes
Creators: name: Bayer, Margaret M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52-02 (primary) 52B05, 52B12 (secondary)

description: A renowned theorem of Blind and Mani, with a constructive proof by Kalai and an efficiency proof by Friedman, shows that the whole face lattice of a simple polytope can be determined from its graph. This is part of a broader story of reconstructing face lattices from partial information, first considered comprehensively in Grünbaum's 1967 book. This survey paper includes varied results and open questions by many researchers on simplicial polytopes, nearly simple polytopes, cubical polytopes, zonotopes, crosspolytopes, and Eulerian posets.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure; to appear in Periodica Mathematica Hungarica, special issue in honor of Ted Bisztriczky, Gabor Fejes Toth and Endre Makai