cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Psychological traits associated with anabolic androgenic steroid use and dependence: an exploratory cross-sectional study among female athletes
Creators: name: Scarth, Morgan
name: Havnes, Ingrid Amalia
name: Jørstad, Marie Lindvik
name: Bjørnebekk, Astrid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
La contribution de l'ASOFERWA dans le processus de réconciliation des Rwandais au Village de Paix Nelson Mandela (1995-2010)
Creators: name: Mukandamutsa, Vestine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: ASOFERWA
Génocide
Réconciliation
Rwandais
Village de Paix Nelson Mandela

description: Cette thèse vise à analyser la contribution de l’Association de Solidarité des Femmes Rwandaises (ASOFERWA dans le processus de réconciliation des Rwandais au Village de Paix Nelson Mandela et à ses alentours. Compte tenu de l’acharnement de plusieurs membres de familles hutu dans l’extermination de leurs voisins tutsi durant le génocide de 1994, après l’arrêt de celui-ci et le renversement du pouvoir, la haine ne s’est pas limitée entre les génocidaires et les rescapés du génocide, elle s’est étendue à leurs membres de familles respectives. Ces derniers éprouvaient des difficultés de contacts entre eux. Le simple croisement des yeux ou l’alignement sur une même ligne d’attente lors de la distribution de l’aide d’urgence était insupportables pour la majorité d’entre eux. Seize ans après le génocide et quinze ans depuis la construction du Village de Paix Nelson Mandela et l’encadrement de l’ASOFERWA, les hutu et les tutsi sont parvenus à vivre ensemble, cohabiter pacifiquement, collaborer entre eux, s’entraider mutuellement, partager le même espace et les mêmes activités. Comment l’ASOFERWA a-t-elle procédé pour y arriver? Les résultats de la recherche faite au moyen de la recension des écrits, de l’observation et des entretiens semi-dirigées révèlent que cette association l’a pu grâce aux stratégies suivantes: la promotion des contacts entre les habitants du village et ses alentours, l’égalité et la non discrimination dans ses interventions, la poursuite des intérêts communs et la promotion de l’identité commune, l’approche intégrative et la formation-sensibilisation.
The Potential of Modulating Na+ K+ Atpase Pumps and Katp Channels in the Development of a New Therapy to Treat Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis
Creators: name: Ammar, Tarek
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
Channelopathy
Nav1.4 channel
Na+ K+ ATPase pump
KATP channel

description: Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperKPP) is characterized by myotonic discharges and weakness/paralysis. It is a channelopathy that is caused by mutation in the SCN4A gene that encodes for the skeletal muscle Na+ channel isoform (Nav1.4) α-subunit. Limb muscles are severely affected while breathing musculature is rarely affected even though diaphragm expresses the Nav1.4 channel. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism(s) that render the HyperKPP diaphragm asymptomatic in order to find a novel long lasting therapeutic approach, to treat HyperKPP symptoms. A HyperKPP mouse model carrying the M1592V mutation was used because it has a similar phenotype to that of patients carrying the same mutation. HyperKPP diaphragm, the limb muscles soleus and EDL all had a higher tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitive Na+ influx than wild type (WT), but only the soleus and EDL had a depolarized resting potential, lower force and greater K+-induced force loss when compared to WT. The lack of a membrane depolarization in HyperKPP diaphragm was because of greater electrogenic contribution of the Na+ K+ ATPase pump compared to WT while such increase was not observed in EDL and soleus. HyperKPP diaphragm also had greater action potential amplitude than EDL and soleus possibly because of higher Na+ K+ ATPase pump maintaining a low [Na+]i. An inhibition of PKA, but not of PKC, increased the sensitivity of the HyperKPP diaphragm to the K+-induced force depression. So, HyperKPP soleus was exposed to forskolin to increase cAMP levels in order to activate PKA to document whether greater activity of PKA will alleviate HyperKPP symptoms. At 4.7 mM K+, forskolin increased force production, but worsened the decrease in force at 8 and 11 mM K+. Forskolin also did not improve membrane excitability. Pinacidil a KATP channel opener, improved force production at all [K+]e by causing a hyperpolarization of resting EM which then allowed for greater action potential amplitude and more excitable fibers. It is concluded that the development of a better therapeutic approach to treat HyperKPP can include a mechanism which activates Na+ K+ ATPase pumps and KATP channels.
Lithospheric Structure Across the Northern Canadian Cordillera from Teleseismic Receiver Functions
Creators: name: Ashoori Pareshkoohi, Azadeh
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Lithospheric Structure
Receiver Functions
Canadian Cordillera

description: A major change in seismic velocities between Earth’s crust and mantle is known as the Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho). The depth of the Moho plays an important role in characterizing the overall structure of the crust and can be related to the tectonic setting of a region. Teleseismic P-wave receiver function techniques can provide estimates of the depth of the Moho and therefore crustal thickness under a broadband station. In this research we are interested in the structure of the crust and mantle across the northern Canadian cordillera, described by various tectonic settings. The teleseismic data recorded by broadband three-component seismic stations are used to perform receiver function analysis to determine the lateral variations of Moho depth under northern Canadian cordillera and map out the crustal thickness under the broadband stations. Based on visual inspection of receiver function results in the region, we find evidence of anisotropy or dipping reflectors in the crustal structure of the northern cordillera observed in back-azimuthal variations of transverse component receiver functions. We further provide a quantitative interpretation of receiver function in terms of anisotropy or dipping structure by decomposing the azimuthal variations of depth migrated receiver functions into back-azimuthal harmonics. This technique can be used to map out the orientation of anisotropy that may be related to cracks and/or rock texture caused by deformation. We resolve the Moho at an average depth of ~35 km along the western profile of the study area. Harmonic decomposition along the study area yields crustal anisotropy at depth 5-20 km, which does not extend in the lower crust. This can be the result of complex deformation at a detachment zone like a quasi-rigid displacement of the upper crust over a lower crust. The detected anisotropy over the study area is not coherent as the slow symmetry directions detected by harmonic decomposition are highly variable.
Stereo Matching Based on Edge-Aware T-MST
Creators: name: Zhou, Dan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: stereo matching
MST
non-local
edge-aware

description: Dense stereo matching is one of the most extensively investigated topics in computer vision, since it plays an important role in many applications such as 3D scene reconstruction. In this thesis, a novel dense stereo matching method is proposed based on edge-aware truncated minimum spanning tree (T-MST). Instead of employing non-local cost aggregation on traditional MST which is only generated from color differences of neighbouring pixels, a new tree structure, "Edge-Aware T-MST", is proposed to aggregate the cost according to the image texture. Specifically, cost aggregations are strongly enforced in large planar textureless regions due to the truncated edge weights. Meanwhile, the "edge fatten" effect is suppressed by employing a novel hybrid edge-prior which combines edge-prior and superpixel-prior to locate the potential disparity edges. Then a widely used Winner-Takes-All (WTA) strategy is performed to establish initial disparity map. An adaptive non-local refinement is also performed based on the stability of initial disparity estimation. Given the stereo images from Middlebury benchmark, we estimate the disparity maps by using our proposed method and other five state-of-the-art tree-based non-local matching methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method successfully produced reliable disparity values within large planar textureless regions and around object disparity boundaries. Performance comparisons demonstrate that our proposed non-local stereo matching method based on edge-aware T-MST outperforms current non-local tree-based state-of-the-art stereo matching methods in most cases, especially in large textureless planar regions and around disparity bounaries.
Supplementary material
Creators: name: Huang, Chen
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supplementary material contains (a) the errors of the SMMP and EXX calculations
for the molecular systems in Fig. 1, and (b) the details of CCSD(T) energy calculations.
La criminalisation de la manifestation, une affaire de police : généalogie de l’infraction d’attroupement illégal
Creators: name: Villeneuve Ménard, Francis
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Attroupement illégal
Droit pénal
Droit criminel
Généalogie
Manifestation

description: Dans un contexte où les tactiques policières, judiciaires et législatives de contrôle des espaces publics se multiplient, plusieurs n’hésitent pas à parler de criminalisation de la protestation sociale. Au Canada, le spectre du droit criminel se fait notamment sentir par le biais de l’infraction d’avoir participé à un attroupement illégal, qui criminalise le fait d’avoir pris part à un rassemblement qui fait « craindre » des troubles à la paix publique. Cette infraction n’est pas sans soulever certaines interrogations quant à son adéquation aux principes censés être au cœur du droit criminel moderne et du pouvoir de punir de l’État. Envisagée sous l’angle du pouvoir de police, un mode de gouvernance fondé sur le pouvoir du chef de famille de maintenir la paix dans son foyer, cette infraction cesse pourtant d’apparaître comme une anomalie du droit pénal. La généalogie de celle-ci révèle l’influence prégnante de cette logique de police dans le développement de cette infraction en common law anglaise et dans son application par les tribunaux canadiens depuis sa codification en 1892. Le caractère préventif de ce crime, sa définition imprécise ainsi que l’accent qu’il met sur les menaces posées par des groupes plutôt que sur les gestes accomplis par des individus et la faute personnelle qui s’y rattache constituent quelques-uns des traits que cette analyse historique et critique du droit dégage.
Expanding the Scope of Coupling Partners in Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
Creators: name: Hua, Xi Ye
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: cross coupling

description: Carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation is among the most important processes in organic chemistry. Transition metal catalyzed C-C bond formation is an active research area that shows great potential due to high selectivity and relatively mild conditions. In Chapter 1, a new reaction for direct acylation of aryl halides is discussed. Specifically, the catalytic reaction between aryl halides/pseudohalides and aldehydes is explored. The choice of ligand, base, solvent, temperature, catalyst and substrates are important factors for optimizing this catalytic reaction. The various combinations of all these factors have, therefore, been examined by high-throughput screening (HTS) in order to develop the new C-C coupling reaction. In Chapter 2, a new methodology is reported in order to expand the scope of the Kumada-Corriu cross-coupling reaction. The strategy to achieve this goal is mechanistically based, matching oxidative addition rates with the rate of syringe pump addition of the Grignard to minimize the exposure of sensitive groups to the aggressive nucleophile. Aryl chlorides containing esters, amides, nitriles, pyrazines, carbamates, ketones, and other sensitive functionalities are all demonstrated to undergo chemoselective cross-coupling with this technique. The mechanistic reason for the effectiveness of this strategy is uncovered by continuous-infusion ESI-MS studies.
Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Critically Ill Patients with Extreme Leukocytosis and Diarrhea
Creators: name: Teja, Bijan
name: Alibhai, Nafeesa
name: Rubenfeld, Gordon D.
name: Taggart, Linda R.
name: Jivraj, Naheed
name: Hirji, Sameer A.
name: O’Gara, Brian P.
name: Shaefi, Shahzad
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: While early empiric antibiotic therapy is beneficial for patients presenting with sepsis, the presentation of sepsis from Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) infection (CDI) has not been well studied in large cohorts. We sought to determine whether the combination of extreme leukocytosis and diarrhea was strongly predictive of CDI in a cohort of 8659 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. We found that CDI was present in 15.0% (95% CI, 12.1–18.3%) of patients with extreme leukocytosis and diarrhea and that mortality for those with CDI, diarrhea, and extreme leukocytosis was 33.8% (95% CI, 23.2–44.3%). These data support consideration of empiric treatment for CDI in unstable critically ill patients with extreme leukocytosis and diarrhea, along with treatment of other possible sources of sepsis as appropriate. Empiric treatment for CDI can usually be discontinued promptly, along with narrowing of other broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage, if a sensitive C. difficile test is negative.
Nano-composite Membranes and Zero Thermal Input Membrane Distillation for Seawater Desalination
Creators: name: Baghbanzadeh, Mohammadali
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Desalination
Membrane distillation
Zero thermal input membrane distillation
Nanocomposite membrane

description: In this PhD thesis, seawater desalination by Membrane Distillation (MD) has been explored from the perspective of process and membrane. Regarding the process, an innovative, energy efficient, and environmentally friendly Zero Thermal Input Membrane Distillation (ZTIMD) process was proposed. ZTIMD uses thermal energy stored in seawater, which makes the process sustainable by being independent of the external sources of thermal energy, which is one of the major contributors to the cost and energy consumption of conventional MD desalination processes. Economic feasibility study was carried out for the ZTIMD process, and it was demonstrated that drinking water could be produced with a cost of $0.28/m3, which is approximately half of the cost of conventional desalination processes. Regarding the membrane, novel MD membranes were developed through incorporation of nanomaterials in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Different nanomaterials including superhydrophobic SiO2, amine modified hydrophilic SiO2, CuO, and CaCO3 were used for this purpose. It was shown that membrane structure and consequently its performance could be affected by the nanoparticle properties, concentration, presence of backing material, PVDF blend ratio, and penetration time. In a best membrane developed in this work, almost 2500% increase was observed in the Vacuum Membrane Distillation (VMD) flux over that of the neat PVDF membrane at a feed temperature of 27.5 °C and vacuum pressure of 1.2 kPa, when 7.0 wt.% hydrophilic SiO2 nanoparticles were added into a PVDF membrane supported with Non-Woven Fabric (NWF) polyester. The membrane possessed near perfect selectivity.
Additional file 1 of Navigating strategies used to manage fatigue by patients undergoing hemodialysis: a qualitative exploratory design
Creators: name: Al-Naamani, Zakariya
name: Gormley, Kevin
name: Noble, Helen
name: Santin, Olinda
name: Omari, Omar Al
name: Al-Noumani, Huda
name: Madkhali, Norah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Self-Perceptions of Twice-Exceptional Students: The Influence of Labels and Educational Placement on Self-Concept for G/LD Post-Secondary Students
Creators: name: Lummiss, Megan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Gifted
Learning Disabilities
G/LD
Body Biography
Multiple case study

description: Research has shown self-concept to be a significant influence of later success in life, yet studies have rarely focused on the perceptions of students in all educational placements and achievements – specifically, those identified as gifted and with a learning disability (G/LD) (Rudasill, Capper, Foust, Callahan, & Albaugh, 2009). Adopting a qualitative case study approach, and guided by the Marsh/Shavelson model of self-concept (1985) and the Social Identity Theory (1986), this study explored 1) how G/LD students perceive the development of his or her self-concept over time and 2) how labelling and educational placement interact with the development of self-concept. A Body Biography and a discussion/ semi-structured interview were used to explore these questions with eight English-speaking post-secondary G/LD students. During the discussion/ semi-structured interview, participants discussed their completed Body Biography and responded to questions focused on self-perceptions of educational placement, labels, social identity, group membership, and self-concept. Findings of the study revealed that participants tended to perceive the gifted and LD components of the G/LD identification as separate components, rather than as a whole identification; participants appeared to consider themselves as part of a gifted in-group when reflecting upon their strengths and within a LD in-group when reflecting upon their weaknesses; and educational placement experiences exerted a strong influence upon participants’ self-concepts, depending on how well they perceived their educational placement experiences met their academic needs. Overall, the domains of self-concept were very closely related to one another, with academic, social, and emotional self-concepts being the most influenced by identification, labels, and educational placement. The findings from this study support the notion that each G/LD student is unique and there is no singular best method of identification, nor is there one specific educational path that meets the educational needs of all G/LD students.
La place et le rôle des élites stratégiques dans le passage d’un régime à l’autre : Étude de la transition tunisienne (2011-2014)
Creators: name: Kchouk, Bilel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Consolidation autoritaire
élites stratégiques
transition politique
changement de régime
Tunisie

description: L’objectif de cette thèse est d’examiner le rôle joué par les élites stratégiques du régime de Z.A. Ben Ali dans son fonctionnement, sa chute puis sa transformation. En prenant appui sur l’analyse des relations intersectorielles et inter-élitaires qui structurent le régime autoritaire contesté en 2011, il nous a été possible de rendre compte de l’activité de ces acteurs en période de crise politique. Le résultat en est une configuration révolutionnaire originale : la chute du régime de Ben Ali s’est déroulée en l’absence de crise de régime avant le départ du chef. À son tour, ce changement de régime vient modifier les institutions et la place des élites sectorielles qui ordonnent le nouveau système politique. La transition politique est marquée par une rapide « élitisation » de la crise et par une continuité des caractéristiques sociales des agents, malgré un remarquable bouleversement institutionnel.
Assessing the Global Burden of Hepatitis E Virus Associated with Genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4
Creators: name: Saboui, Myriam
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hepatitis E Virus
acute viral hepatitis
epidemiology

description: Globally, policy recommendations on vaccines as provided by the Strategic Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) rely on a number of factors including burden of disease. In the scope of this thesis, two studies were conducted in order to inform the World Health Organization Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) working group and ultimately the SAGE: 1) a systematic review and meta-analysis of the global incidence, prevalence and mortality associated with all genotypes of HEV; and 2) a global subgroup analysis of incidence, prevalence and mortality on special populations and high risk populations. Circulation of HEV was documented in all global regions. Severe disease was observed among pregnant women and fulminant hepatic failure patients in both studies conducted. Poor data quality was observed in both studies, this poses a serious challenge for estimating the burden of disease. Countries should consider the implementation of an HEV surveillance system to improve data quality and ultimately to inform decision-making.
Fatty Acids Profiles of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) in Lakes of the Outaouais Region with and without Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu)
Creators: name: Langevin, Karolanne
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Fatty acids composition
polyunsaturated fatty acids
yellow perch
diet
piscivores
Perca Flavescens
food web

description: Fatty acids (FAs) are used as trophic markers in aquatic food web studies, but few studies have quantified individual variability in FAs profiles over several sites in a range of conditions. I investigated whether FAs profiles of yellow perch (YP), Perca flavescens, vary with body size and between lakes with and without largemouth (Micropterus salmoides), and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), the most common and abundant piscivores in lakes of the region. I analyzed the FAs of YP as well as zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and prey fish collected from eight lakes where bass were either present or absent in the Outaouais region over the summer of 2016. I compared the growth rate of YP between the lakes and the YP in lakes without bass exhibited a slower growth rate. I also compared the FA signatures of YP using redundancy analysis (RDA). 23 FAs could be identified and quantified. FAs profiles were dominated by palmitic- (16:0), oleic- (18:1), stearic- (18:0), and palmitoleic acid (16:1). The RDA analysis based on FAs profiles of YP revealed variation along two main gradients (the presence of bass and the date of capture). The first two eigenvectors accounted for 42.1% of the variation (RDA1=27.6% and 2=14.6%). Arachidonic (20:4) and docosatrienoic (22:3) were the most correlated FAs with RDA1. Due to the sampling period, it was impossible to determine if the observed effects were due to the date of capture, the presence of bass, or a change in metabolism, but the last two were deemed as the most plausible explanations. It was concluded that the utility of FA signatures to quantify diet in natural environments is limited and that FAs might be more successful as markers in primary consumers and other lower trophic levels. It is recommended that a combination of FAs, stable isotopes, and modelling should be used in the future.
The Linguistic Positionings of the French Immersion Speaker: A Post-Secondary Context
Creators: name: Durepos, Jessica
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Bilingualism in Canada
French Immersion
Second Language Education
French as a Second Language (FSL)
Post-Secondary Education
Linguistic Identity
Positioning

description: A focal concern amid Canadian French immersion students upon completion of their secondary school studies is a shared belief and feeling that they are limited in their ability to communicate with francophone communities (Howard, 2007; Schaffer, 2013; The Globe and Mail, Friesen, 2013). Furthermore, it has been widely discussed that French immersion students are finding themselves in the midst of language identity crisis, unable to find a place among either of the dominant monolingual groups (Roy, 2010). This case study examined the potential persistence of language identity crisis in three French immersion students who extended their French as a second language education by pursuing post-secondary education in a French immersion program at a large bilingual university. The study reveals the linguistic identity construction of these students by clarifying how each participant positioned (Davies & Harré, 1990) herself towards Francophone language and culture. It exposes the factors which influenced the linguistic positioning of the participants and comments on patterns in the factors which affected their linguistic identity in particular.
Robust Multiframe Super-Resolution with Adaptive Norm Choice Using Difference Curvature Based BTV Regularization
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Multi-Frame Super-Resolution
Difference Curvature
Half-Quadratic Estimation
Bilateral Total Variation

description: Multi-frame image super-resolution focuses on reconstructing a high-resolution image from a set of low-resolution images with high similarity. Since super-resolution is an ill-posted problem, regularization techniques are widely used to constrain the minimization function. Combining image prior knowledge with fidelity model, Bayesian-based methods can effectively solve this ill-posed problem, which makes this kind of methods more popular than other methods. Our proposed model is based on maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimation. In this thesis, we propose a novel initialization method based on median operator to initialize our estimated high-resolution image. For the fidelity term in our proposed algorithm, the half-quadratic estimation is used to choose error norm adaptively instead of using fixed L1 or L2 norm. Furthermore, for our regularization term, we propose a novel regularization method based on Difference Curvature (DC) and Bilateral Total Variation (BTV) to suppress mixed noises and preserve image edges simultaneously. In our experimental results, synthetic data and real data are both tested to demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method in terms of clearer texture and less noise over other state-of-the-art methods.
Effects of Maternal Stress and Cortisol Treatment on Offspring Anxiety Behaviour and Stress Responses In Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Creators: name: Redfern, Julia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Maternal stress
Cortisol
Stress response
Anxiety
Fear
Boldness
Teleost
Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Largemouth bass
Social stress
Offspring
Behaviour
Micropterus salmoides

description: In fish, maternal stress prior to spawn has been reported to have effects on offspring phenotype. Cortisol, the main glucocorticoid (GC) stress hormone, has been proposed as a potential mediator of such effects because of its organizational role in early teleost development. The present thesis tested whether maternal social stress or treatment with cortisol (as a proxy for maternal stress) prior to spawn affects the cortisol response to stress and anxiety-related behaviours in offspring. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), offspring of dominant females exhibited greater boldness at 6 days post-fertilization (DPF). Interestingly, offspring of females that engaged in social interactions, regardless of the resulting social status of the two females, exhibited greater survival at 1 DPF, a greater fear-related decrease in activity in response to bright light at 6 DPF, and decreased baseline whole-body cortisol content at 0 and 30 DPF. A field experiment with wild largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) revealed that maternal cortisol treatment prior to spawn also affected offspring phenotype; offspring of cortisol-treated females had higher masses right after hatch, had greater fear responses, were less bold and less anxious, and exhibited an attenuated cortisol response to an acute stressor. Together, the results of the present thesis suggest that effects of maternal stress prior to spawn on offspring survival, growth, responses to stress, and anxiety-related behaviours are mediated, at least in part, by elevated maternal cortisol but not likely via increased deposition of maternal cortisol into eggs. The effects of maternal stress and cortisol treatment on offspring reported in the present thesis also suggest that maternal stress may prime offspring with adaptive traits to better survive in a stressful environment.
The Importance of Teamwork for First-Year Students' Motivation and Belonging during COVID Online Delivery: A Canadian Engineering Case Study
Creators: Miller-Young, J., Jamieson, M.V., and Beck, S.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

This chapter explores the impact of teamwork on the motivation and belonging of first-year engineering students during online course delivery due to COVID-19, using a Canadian engineering case study. The course was redesigned to enhance student engagement through asynchronous lectures and synchronous teamwork, incorporating game elements to support autonomy and self-efficacy. A mixed-method questionnaire completed by 180 students indicated positive responses regarding the support of their autonomy, self-efficacy, and sense of belonging. A significant 67% felt that team activities increased their motivation, while only 8% were dissatisfied with their online team experience. The study utilizes Self-Determination Theory to analyze student experiences and suggests that well-structured team-based activities can enhance students’ online learning experiences by meeting their psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
Applying the RE-AIM Model to Asset-Based Community Health Interventions: A Multiple Case Study in Tower Hamlets, London, UK
Creators: name: Kaminska, Karolina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community engagement
Evaluation
Asset-based
RE-AIM
health assets
Tower Hamlets
Realist Evaluation
London
United Kingdom
Salutogenesis
Asset Model
Asset-mapping
Multiple Case Study

description: Public health policy and practice principally acknowledge a needs-based approach when developing, implementing, and evaluating community health programs. This needs-based perspective receives criticism because it focuses too heavily on what is missing or wrong with communities as opposed to building on their strengths. As a result, community members are perceived as passive recipients, which is disempowering, and ultimately risks creating unsustainable and ineffective programs. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in achieving a balance between the needs-based approach and the asset-based approach, which accentuates positive capabilities. While the amount of literature discussing the benefits of this latter perspective has grown substantially, accompanying evaluation required to sustain continued investment has been limited. Compared to needs-based research, there is less literature on asset-based evaluation. Emphasis on such research could contribute to the progression of evaluation methodologies and theories, ultimately encouraging their use. The purpose of this study is to apply an existing public health evaluation framework – the RE-AIM model (Glasgow, Vogt, and Boles, 1999) – to asset-based community health interventions and to examine the utility of such an evaluation structure across a variety of asset-based health projects. A multiple case study design facilitated comparison of the applicability of the RE-AIM model dimensions – Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance across three cases in the East London borough of Tower Hamlets, United Kingdom. These included the Local Links Asset-mapping project, the Healthy Early Years Project, and the Good Moves project. The RE-AIM framework is additionally guided by principles of the Realist Evaluation approach (Pawson and Tilley, 1997). This research study contributes to asset-based research by providing a guideline and conceptual framework to support asset-based intervention evaluation theory and practice.
Assessment and Learning of Self-Regulation in Olympic Athletes Using Biofeedback and Neurofeedback
Creators: name: Dupee, Margaret
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biofeedback
Neurofeedback
Self-regulation
Olympic athletes
Learning
Elite athletes
Stress response profiling
Self-awareness
Optimal performance

description: It is understood that in order for athletes to perform to their potential consistently they must learn to optimally self-regulate their psychological and physiological states. Yet, the process by which this is accomplished is not well understood. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation was to explore the concept of self-regulation in the Olympic athlete population through the use of biofeedback and neurofeedback. To address this purpose, two studies were conducted. Study One (Article 1) used a quantitative methodology to explore the relationship between Olympic athletes’ overall self-regulation ability and world ranking. Fifteen Olympic level athletes underwent a 9-stage psychophysiological stress assessment to determine each athlete’s ability to return to baseline after a stress load was applied. Findings revealed that there was a significant correlation between the athletes’ overall self-regulation ability and their ranking at the world level, meaning the better the overall self-regulation ability of the athlete the better the world ranking. Study Two (Articles 2 and 3) employed a qualitative methodology and explored what and how five Olympic level athletes learned from participating in a 20 session biofeedback and neurofeedback training intervention. Data was collected from post-intervention interviews with the athletes. In Study Two, Olympic athletes perceived that the biofeedback and neurofeedback training intervention assisted them in learning to improve self-awareness and self-regulation of their physical and mental states enabling them to feel more in control during sport performances. Engaging in active learning exercises, receiving real-time formative feedback, and utilization of the intervention exercises in training and competition environments were how athletes perceived they learned to self-regulate. Together, the findings from the two studies highlight the relevance and intricacies of self-regulation in high performance sport. Overall, the present dissertation makes a contribution to the sport psychology literature particularly with regard to our understanding of the use of biofeedback and neurofeedback for enhancing self-regulation with Olympic athletes. Thus, learning to improve self-regulation skills using biofeedback and neurofeedback training should be an integral part of a comprehensive and holistic approach used by sport psychology practitioners in assisting athletes to perform to their potential.
Carbonate Sedimentology and Diagenesis of an Upper Ordovician Sponge-microbe-cement Mound on Southampton Island, Nunavut, Canada
Creators: name: Castagner, Ariane
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: reef
Ordovician
Southampton Island

description: The Hudson Bay Basin is the largest intracratonic basin in North America, but remains a frontier area for our knowledge of its stratigraphy and sedimentology and its hydrocarbon potential. Large domal reefs (up to 10 m thick and 500 m wide) in the Upper Ordovician Red Head Rapids Formation on Southampton Island developed on the margin of this shallow-marine evaporitic basin in which physical and chemical seawater parameters were distinct from the open ocean and in which a diverse community of reef-building and dwelling metazoans was unable to flourish. The main reef facies comprise boundstone and cementstone composed of various proportions of early-calcified sponge tissues, microbial encrusters, synsedimentary cement and small colonial metazoans. The accretionary mechanisms of the Red Head Rapids reefs were mainly the result of framebuilding by early-calcified sponges and small colonial corals and binding by calcimicrobial elements for the boundstone facies, and of massive aragonitic cement precipitation near the seafloor for the cementstone facies. These Upper Ordovician reefs, in which microbialites dominate but coexist with metazoans, were more widespread in the Early Ordovician immediately prior to the Middle to Late Ordovician expansion of skeletal-dominant reefs. The Upper Ordovician reefs on Southampton Island, porous and locally bitumen impregnated, underwent early marine, near-surface and progressive burial diagenesis; reducing its primary porosity but significantly increasing its secondary porosity. They represent one of the major untested petroleum play types identified in the Hudson Bay Basin.
Electrical Resistivity Tomography Investigations of Discontinuous Mountain Permafrost and its Relation to Elevation and Vegetation, Yukon
Creators: name: Kuntz, Zoé
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: ERT
Permafrost
Yukon

description: This study seeks to better understand the relationship between permafrost, elevation and vegetation cover, and to test the hypothesis that changes in mountain permafrost distribution and characteristics occur at vegetation type boundaries, as they do in latitudinal permafrost. Twelve electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were completed at vegetation transitions on selected slopes near Whitehorse and Dawson, Yukon, in July 2015. Wenner arrays with 2 m spacing between electrodes were used to complete the 80-280 m long surveys. Organic layer thickness and vegetative species composition were recorded in a transect for each survey. Ground-truthing via frost probing, pit digging, and ground temperature data from past and present weather stations aided in the analysis of ERT profiles. Several different resistivity patterns are present along the profiles. These patterns indicate some presence of permafrost along most of the slopes sampled. Exceptions include south-facing slopes free of permafrost and a few slopes with inconclusive resistivity interpretations due to complex resistivity patterns and ground-truthing difficulties. Overall, the results indicate that changes in permafrost distribution and characteristics do not consistently occur at vegetation type boundaries. At the scale examined, treeline is not as important a demarcation point for changes in permafrost as initially thought. Changes in organic mat, surficial geology, and snow cover (via micro-topography) appear to be as important as vegetation variation. These local controls play a significant role on permafrost distribution across both altitudinal and latitudinal forest-tundra ecotones. However, the propensity of alpine environments for cold air drainage and surface lapse rate inversions can create differences between the permafrost trends across altitudinal and latitudinal ecotones.
Sedimentology, Stratigraphic Evolution and Provenance of the Cambrian – Lower Ordovician Potsdam Group in the Ottawa Embayment and Quebec Basin
Creators: name: Lowe, David
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Potsdam Group
Ottawa Embayment
fluvial
eolian
shallow marine
sandstone
tectonics
Ottawa graben
Ausable
Keeseville
Nepean
Early Paleozoic

description: The Cambrian – Lower Ordovician Potsdam Group is a mostly siliciclastic unit that provides important insight into the paleoenvironmental, geologic and tectonic history of Early Paleozoic Laurentia. Nevertheless, in spite of 178 years of study the Potsdam in the Ottawa Embayment and Quebec Basin remains poorly understood. Also poorly understood is how the Potsdam relates with coeval strata regionally. In this work six siliciclastic paleoenvironments are recognized: (a) braided fluvial, (b) ephemeral fluvial, (c) aeolian, (d) coastal sabkha, (e) tide-dominated marine and (f) open-coast tidal flat. Fluvial strata were examined in particular detail and interpreted to consist of two end-member kinds. Braided fluvial deposits are dominated by low-relief bars formed in wide, shallow channels; however where basement structures limited the lateral growth of channels, flows were deeper and bar deposits thicker and higher angle. In contrast, ephemeral fluvial strata are dominated by sheetflood splay sedimentation with rare preservation of scour-filling supercritical bedform strata – all later subjected to aeolian reworking. In the upper Potsdam, alternating ephemeral and braided fluvial strata provide a record of climate change, which, respectively, correlate with documented global cool (arid) and warm (humid) periods during the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician. Three allounits are recognized in Potsdam strata, recording regional episodes of sedimentation and facilitating correlation with coeval strata throughout eastern North America. These correlations, aided with provenance data from detrital zircons, show that changes in the areal distribution of sediment supply, accommodation and deposition/erosion were principally controlled by episodic reactivation of the Neoproterozoic Ottawa graben, which then periodically modified the stratigraphic expression of the ongoing Sauk transgression. Specifically, episodes of tectonic reactivation occurred during late Early to Middle Cambrian (allounit 1), late Middle to early Late Cambrian (allounits 2 – 3 unconformity), and Earliest Ordovician (allounits 3 – 4 unconformity). The earliest episode is correlated to regional extension of southern Laurentia, whereas the latter two are linked to peri-Laurentian accretion events that triggered reactivation of the Ottawa graben via the Missisquoi oceanic fracture zone.
Linking mobile money networks to “e-ROSCAs” : An experimental study
Creators: name: Francois, Patrick
name: Squires, Munir
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: We present results from a study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo that uses mobile money networks to run rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), peer-to-peer finance groups ubiquitous across the developing world. We find high rates of contribution and ROSCA success. The unexpected success of such e-ROSCAs and their potential to extend banking to the bankless poor necessitate further exploration.
Effects of Age-Related Declines in Visual Motion Processing on Older Driver Safety
Creators: name: Woods-Fry, Heather
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: driving
perception
safety
motion

description: This thesis reports three experiments investigating how age-related declines in visual motion processing affect older drivers’ ability to drive safely. In particular, these experiments assess the efficacy of: 1) A test of motion sensitivity, the Peripheral Motion Contrast Threshold (PMCT) test, which evaluates ones’ contrast threshold for detecting motion in the periphery, and 2) the 3D multiple-object tracking test (3D MOT), which evaluates the maximum stimulus speed at which one can maintain visual attention on several objects moving in three dimensions. Two versions of the PMCT test—the PMCT-10 and the shorter PMCT-2—were employed. Driving safety was measured via a high fidelity driving simulator, in addition to several self-report measures and archival data. Study 1 showed that PMCT-2 and PMCT-10 thresholds were associated with number of crashes in the simulator and other indices of unsafe driving. Study 2 examined whether the PMCT-2 could predict older driver performance during a different set of simulated driving scenarios, and whether it was associated retrospectively with real world crash rates. PMCT-2 results were significantly correlated with simulated crash risk. Moreover, Study 2 provided the first evidence that PMCT scores are associated with real-world crash, albeit in a small retrospective sample. Study 3 examined the relationship between results from both the PMCT-2 and 3D MOT tests and simulated driving. Multiple object tracking has previously been associated with older drivers' performance. Results showed a strong relationship in our sample between crash rates and 3D MOT results. However, we failed to replicate the results showing a relationship between PMCT and crash occurrence. This may have been due to high rates of subject attrition due to simulator sickness, which resulted in a small final sample. Overall, findings from the three studies demonstrate that results from PMCT and 3D MOT are associated with older drivers’ performance measures, such as crash rates, dangerous lane deviations, and speeding. These findings support visual motion processing measures as viable candidates for inclusion in a multi-domain assessment of older drivers’ fitness to drive.
Re(claiming) Indigenous Identity Within Canada's Prison System: Indigenous Identity and Indigenous-Specific Prison Programming
Creators: name: Wellman, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this thesis is to explore how Indigenous men understand Indigenous identity, how they experience Indigenous-specific programming while in prison, and how these experiences intersect. Through a number of qualitative semi-structured interviews, Indigenous men described their experiences of participating in Indigenous-specific programming while incarcerated; the data is then understood within an historical context of colonialism and assimilation policy. The key findings of these interviews highlight the importance and necessity of Indigenous-specific prison programming to incarcerated Indigenous men, as well as the healing potential of Indigenous culture and spirituality. However, systemic barriers in provincial prison systems prevent Indigenous men from being able to access such programming. This thesis also finds that Canada’s history of colonialism has affected the Indigenous identities of many of the research participants. Some spoke about culture and language loss as a direct result of colonization (the residential school system, the sixties-scoop, and the child welfare system) while others spoke about the indirect outcomes of colonization, such as marginalization and fragmented identities. Based on these findings the main conclusion is that while Canada is attempting to appear post-colonial in light of talks of renewed relationships and reconciliation, colonization of Indigenous men continues within the Canadian prison system. As incarcerated Indigenous men are denied access to culture and spirituality the prison itself is serving to further disconnect Indigenous people from being Indigenous and fostering the erasure of Indigenous identity from the Canadian settler state as a means of continuing what can be termed as the ‘civilizing’ project.