cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disentanglement in Bipartite Continuous-Variable Systems
Creators: name: Barbosa, F. A. S.
name: Coelho, A. S.
name: de Faria, A. J.
name: Cassemiro, K. N.
name: Villar, A. S.
name: Nussenzveig, P.
name: Martinelli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement in bipartite continuous-variable systems is investigated in the presence of partial losses, such as those introduced by a realistic quantum communication channel, e.g. by propagation in an optical fiber. We find that entanglement can vanish completely for partial losses, in a situa- tion reminiscent of so-called entanglement sudden death. Even states with extreme squeezing may become separable after propagation in lossy channels. Having in mind the potential applications of such entangled light beams to optical communications, we investigate the conditions under which entanglement can survive for all partial losses. Different loss scenarios are examined and we derive criteria to test the robustness of entangled states. These criteria are necessary and sufficient for Gaussian states. Our study provides a framework to investigate the robustness of continuous-variable entanglement in more complex multipartite systems.
description: Phys. Rev. A (in press)
title: "Testa di Kore, su busto moderno", arte romana, inv. CLXXXI (ITA/EN)
title: Scheda catalogo digitale Borghese
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ciccarello, Giulia
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2024

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di

Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl and related compounds: An update
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Dehghani, Mahzad
name: Zadsirjan, Vahideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: The Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of organometallic reagents to an appropriate receptor has been a growing area of research over the last decade. The receptors for such a 1,4-addition reaction are chiefly α,β-unsaturated ketones, esters, amides, enones, nitroalkenes, and occasionally phosphonates etc. This reaction in the presence of chiral rhodium complexes introduce the aryl and alkenyl groups at the β-position of the above electron poor olefins, enantioselectively. Chiral Rh complexes similar to other transition metals can be added to some electron poor olefins, in turn making them viable to attack by various organometallic reagents for highly enantioselective C-C bond formation. The Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of organometallic reagents to electron poor olefins has been reviewed in 2003. Due to the importance of the asymmetric C-C bond formation via 1,4-conjugate addition reactions and the number of such reactions catalyzed by Rh-complexes, in this review we highlight the recent advances in Rh-complex asymmetric catalyzed 1,4-addition reactions since 2003.
Bandlimited approximations to the truncated Gaussian and applications
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Littmann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we extend the theory of optimal approximations of functions $f: \R \to \R$ in the $L^1(\R)$-metric by entire functions of prescribed exponential type (bandlimited functions). We solve this problem for the truncated and the odd Gaussians using explicit integral representations and fine properties of truncated theta functions obtained via the maximum principle for the heat operator. As applications, we recover most of the previously known examples in the literature and further extend the class of truncated and odd functions for which this extremal problem can be solved, by integration on the free parameter and the use of tempered distribution arguments. This is the counterpart of the work \cite{CLV}, where the case of even functions is treated.
description: to appear in Const. Approx
Local solutions of Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Quantum State Tomography
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Douglas S.
name: Gomes-Ruggiero, Márcia A.
name: Lavor, Carlile
name: Farías, Osvaldo Jiménez
name: Ribeiro, P. H. Souto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximum likelihood estimation is one of the most used methods in quantum state tomography, where the aim is to reconstruct the density matrix of a physical system from measurement results. One strategy to deal with positivity and unit trace constraints is to parameterize the matrix to be reconstructed in order to ensure that it is physical. In this case, the negative log-likelihood function in terms of the parameters, may have several local minima. In various papers in the field, a source of errors in this process has been associated to the possibility that most of these local minima are not global, so that optimization methods could be trapped in the wrong minimum, leading to a wrong density matrix. Here we show that, for convex negative log-likelihood functions, all local minima of the unconstrained parameterized problem are global, thus any minimizer leads to the maximum likelihood estimation for the density matrix. We also discuss some practical sources of errors.
ghoomly LLP
Creators: name: Fardeen Siddiqui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: ghoomly

description: Ghoomly is one of the leading communities in India, helping travelers to find safe and best traveling places in India. Ghoomly provides a curated traveling guide, how-to blog, and community support. We wanted to provide safe and curated travelling experience to every travellers around the world.
A New Iron Pnictide Oxide (Fe2As2)(Ca5(Mg,Ti)4Oy) and a New Phase in Fe-As-Ca-Mg-Ti-O system
Creators: name: Ogino, Hiraku
name: Shimizu, Yasuaki
name: Kawaguchi, Naoto
name: Kishio, Kohji
name: Shimoyama, Jun-ichi
name: Tohei, Tetsuya
name: Ikuhara, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new layered iron arsenide oxide (Fe2As2)(Ca5(Mg,Ti)4Oy) and its structural derivative were found in the Fe-As-Ca-Mg-Ti-O system. The crystal structure of (Fe2As2)(Ca5(Mg,Ti)4Oy) is identical to that of (Fe2As2)(Ca5(Sc,Ti)4Oy), which was reported in our previous study. The lattice constants of this compound are a = 3.86(4) A and c = 41.05(2) A. In addition, another phase with a thicker blocking layer was found. The structure of the compound and its derivative was tentatively assigned through STEM observation as (Fe2As2)(Ca8(Mg,Ti)6Oy) with sextuple perovskite-type sheets divided by a rock salt layer. The interlayer Fe-Fe distance of this compound is ~30 A. The compound and its derivative exhibited bulk superconductivity, as found from magnetization and resistivity measurements.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Composition-dependent magnetic response properties of Mn1−xFexGe alloys
Creators: name: Mankovsky, S.
name: Wimmer, S.
name: Polesya, S.
name: Ebert, H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The composition-dependent behavior of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), the spin-orbit torque (SOT), as well as anomalous and spin Hall conductivities of Mn1−xFexGe alloys have been investigated by first-principles calculations using the relativistic multiple scattering Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) formalism. The Dxx component of the DMI exhibits a strong dependence on the Fe concentration, changing sign at x≈0.85 in line with previous theoretical calculations as well as with experimental results demonstrating the change of spin helicity at x≈0.8. A corresponding behavior with a sign change at x≈0.5 is predicted also for the Fermi-sea contribution to the SOT, because this is closely related to the DMI. In the case of anomalous and spin Hall effects it is shown that the calculated Fermi-sea contributions are rather small and the composition-dependent behavior of these effects are determined mainly by the electronic states at the Fermi level. The spin-orbit-induced scattering mechanisms responsible for both these effects suggest a common origin of the minimum of the anomalous Hall effect and the sign change of the spin Hall effect conductivities.
Petascale turbulence simulation using a highly parallel fast multipole method on GPUs
Creators: name: Yokota, R.
name: Barba, L. A.
name: Narumi, T.
name: Yasuoka, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.2; G.1.9
subject: 76F05

description: This paper reports large-scale direct numerical simulations of homogeneous-isotropic fluid turbulence, achieving sustained performance of 1.08 petaflop/s on gpu hardware using single precision. The simulations use a vortex particle method to solve the Navier-Stokes equations, with a highly parallel fast multipole method (FMM) as numerical engine, and match the current record in mesh size for this application, a cube of 4096^3 computational points solved with a spectral method. The standard numerical approach used in this field is the pseudo-spectral method, relying on the FFT algorithm as numerical engine. The particle-based simulations presented in this paper quantitatively match the kinetic energy spectrum obtained with a pseudo-spectral method, using a trusted code. In terms of parallel performance, weak scaling results show the fmm-based vortex method achieving 74% parallel efficiency on 4096 processes (one gpu per mpi process, 3 gpus per node of the TSUBAME-2.0 system). The FFT-based spectral method is able to achieve just 14% parallel efficiency on the same number of mpi processes (using only cpu cores), due to the all-to-all communication pattern of the FFT algorithm. The calculation time for one time step was 108 seconds for the vortex method and 154 seconds for the spectral method, under these conditions. Computing with 69 billion particles, this work exceeds by an order of magnitude the largest vortex method calculations to date.
Simulationsbasierter Ertragswert als Ergänzung zum Verkehrswert
Creators: name: Gleißner, Werner
name: Just, Tobias
name: Kamarás, Endre
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Verkehrswert, Fundamentaler Ertragswert, Unvollkommene Märkte, Risikoaggregation, Monte-Carlo-Simulation, Preisuntergrenze einer Immobilie, Wertbeitrag der Risikodiversifikation, Ertragsrisiko, Cashflowvolatilität, Immobilienbewertung
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die Begriffe „Immobilienpreis“ und „Immobilienwert“ werden häufig synonym verwendet. Das ist dann gerechtfertigt, wenn der Markt tatsächlich dafür sorgt, dass die realisierten Preise die nutzenstiftenden Werte der Zahler abbilden. Doch die heftigen Preisumschwünge auf Immobilien- und Immobilienkapitalmärkten sowie die Erkenntnisse der Verhaltensökonomie legen die Vermutung nahe, dass es Phasen gibt, in denen die Transaktionspreise eben nicht als nachhaltige Werte im Sinne eines als sicher empfundenen Äquivalents für diskontierte, unsichere Zahlungsüberschüsse in der Zukunft angesehen werden können. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir, dass es häufig hilfreich ist, neben die gängigen Preisschätzverfahren, Bewertungen zu stellen, die auf der Grundlage von Simulationen die Unsicherheit zukünftiger Zahlungen über ein Risiko-Wert-Modell berücksichtigen. Hierbei wird die Monte-Carlo-Simulation nicht wie bei anderen Arbeiten alleine für Inputvariablen und das Ableiten einer Bandbreite für geschätzte Preise genutzt. Die Ergebnisse der Simulation des Cashflows dienen in unserer Arbeit als „Input“ für die Ableitung risikoadäquater Diskontierungszinssätze und eines darauf basierenden fundamentalen Werts. Auch die Trennung in Simulation des Boden- und Immobilienwertes ist in unserer Vorgehensweise neu. Zudem werden Risikodiversifikationseffekte in einem Portfolio abgebildet. Der Portfoliowert stellt dann nicht die Summe aller einzelnen Objektwerte dar, sondern bewertet darüber hinaus Diversifikationseffekte. Ohne die Berücksichtigung der Diversifikationseffekte kann es zu erheblichen Fehlbewertungen von Portfolios kommen. Die zentralen Ergebnisse illustrieren wir anhand eines wohnungswirtschaftlichen Beispiels. Ziel dieser neuen Bewertungsmethode ist nicht ein „besseres“ Preisschätzmodell anstelle der Verkehrswertberechnung vorzustellen, sondern einen intrinsischen Immobilienwert aus spezifischen Annahmen hinsichtlich des Objekts und aus Sicht des Bewerters zu deduzieren. Das Ziel ist nicht, Marktpreise für Immobilien und Immobilienportfolios besser zu treffen als dies von aktuellen Verkehrswertschätzungen gemacht wird, sondern deren „fundamentalen“ Wert zu bestimmen und damit in Kombination von Marktpreisen, bessere Transaktionsentscheidungen zu ermöglichen.
Spin Dynamics of a $J_1-J_2$ Antiferromagnet and its Implications for Iron Pnictides
Creators: name: Goswami, Pallab
name: Yu, Rong
name: Si, Qimiao
name: Abrahams, Elihu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the paramagnetic phase of iron pnictides, we study the finite-temperature spin dynamics of a two-dimensional $J_1-J_2$ antiferromagnet. We consider the paramagnetic phase in the $J_2>J_1$ regime of a $(π,0)$ collinear ground state, using the modified spin wave theory. Below the mean-field Ising transition temperature, we identify short-range anisotropic antiferromagnetic correlations. We show that the dynamical structure factor $\mathcal{S}(\mathbf{q},ω)$ contains elliptic features in the momentum space, and determine its variation with temperature and energy. Implications for the spin-dynamical experiments in the iron pnictides are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, replaced with the version published in Phys. Rev. B
"Nobody Makes Games for Us" - An Investigation Into the Independent Design of Audio Games Through the Development of the Audio Game Hub and Blind Cricket
Creators: name: Beksa, Jarek
Publisher: name: Media Design School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing

description: According to the World Health Organization (2019), an estimated 217 million people worldwide are visually impaired and 36 million are blind. Although approximately 114,000 video games are currently in active circulation (MobyGames, 2020), just over 700 of these are accessible to the visually impaired (AudioGames.net, n.d.-a).This practice-oriented research project investigates the potential of audio games through the design and development of the Audio Game Hub and Blind Cricket. The games were created through iterative cycles of prototyping and public releases and stimulated and refined through the agency of voluntary user feedback. They were released on iOS and Android platforms and over a period of two years were downloaded over 130,000 times. They gathered insightful user reviews and won multiple nominations and awards. The project was presented at several conferences and featured on television and the Internet.The research was activated by a form of agency I define as an Indie Designer/Developer. Here, one is an integrated agent who develops work through critical reflection from online reviews, relying heavily on the implementation of tacit knowing (Polanyi, 1967; Schön, 1984). As a ‘generalist’, the Indie Designer/Developer combines the role of researcher, designer, reflective practitioner, developer, publisher and entrepreneur.
Scale decomposition in compressible turbulence
Creators: name: Aluie, Hussein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a rigorous framework based on coarse-graining to analyze highly compressible turbulence. We show how the requirement that viscous effects on the dynamics of large-scale momentum and kinetic energy be negligible ---an inviscid criterion--- naturally supports a density weighted coarse-graining of the velocity field. Such a coarse-graining method is already known in the literature as Favre filtering; however its use has been primarily motivated by appealing modeling properties rather than underlying physical considerations. We also prove that kinetic energy injection can be localized to the largest scales by proper stirring, and argue that stirring with an external acceleration field rather than a body force would yield a longer inertial range in simulations. We then discuss the special case of buoyancy-driven flows subject to a spatially-uniform gravitational field. We conclude that a range of scales can exist over which the mean kinetic energy budget is dominated by inertial processes and is immune from contributions due to molecular viscosity and external stirring.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Physica D
Game-Based Learning of the Structure and Functioning of Body Cells in a Foreign Language: Effects on Motivation, Cognitive Load, and Performance
Creators: name: Stiller, Klaus Dieter
name: Schworm, Silke
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: games, digital game-based learning, motivation, cognitive load, learning in a foreign language
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Research has evidenced that digital educational games can be effective tools to impart knowledge. Researchers have recommended to focus on motivation and gaming load and their interaction when investigating learning process and success. Gaming expertise and the English proficiency of learners seem to be further important aspects of learning success, especially when non-native speakers play an English game. However, knowledge about the motivational and cognitive impact of games and learner characteristics on learning outcomes needs to be augmented and clarified. The present study aimed to address this need. We conducted an experimental media comparison to investigate the effects of game play and expertise in gaming and English on motivation, cognitive load, and performance. The participating German university students were randomly assigned to an educational gaming group and a hypertext group. Aspects of motivation were assessed before and after studying and gaming, cognitive load was rated during and after learning, and level of performance was measured before and after studying. The gaming group reported a higher level of interest, challenge, and anxiety of failing after introducing the task. Groups did not differ significantly in their perceived probability of success. The group levels of interest were the same after a 1 h learning phase. When learning, cognitive load increased after the initial phase in the gaming group and then stayed on a constant level, whereas the opposite pattern was found in the hypertext group. No differences were found in load ratings after learning between the two groups. Both groups improved their knowledge after learning, but the gain was larger for the hypertext group. Results point to gaming and English expertise as two mediating factors for learning success with educational games. We suggest that gaming expertise and English comprehension ability reduce cognitive load and thus enable learners to focus their resources on meaningful learning.
On topologies on Lie braid groups
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20F18, 17B65, 22E66, 53D17

description: We discuss groups corresponding to Kohno Lie algebra of infinitesimal braids and actions of such groups. We construct homomorphisms of Lie braid groups to the group of symplectomorphisms of the space of point configurations in $R^3$ and to groups of symplectomorphisms of coadjoint orbits of SU(n).
description: 20pp
TMEM16A in Cystic Fibrosis: Activating or Inhibiting?
Creators: name: Kunzelmann, Karl
name: Ousingsawat, Jiraporn
name: Cabrita, Inês
name: Doušová, Tereza
name: Bähr, Andrea
name: Janda, Melanie
name: Schreiber, Rainer
name: Benedetto, Roberta
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: TMEM16A, anoctamin 1, mucus secretion, cystic fibrosis, asthma, COPD, Ca2+ signaling
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The inflammatory airway disease cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by airway obstruction due to mucus hypersecretion, airway plugging, and bronchoconstriction. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel is dysfunctional in CF, leading to defects in epithelial transport. Although CF pathogenesis is still disputed, activation of alternative Cl− channels is assumed to improve lung function in CF. Two suitable non-CFTR Cl− channels are present in the airway epithelium, the Ca2+ activated channel TMEM16A and SLC26A9. Activation of these channels is thought to be feasible to improve hydration of the airway mucus and to increase mucociliary clearance. Interestingly, both channels are upregulated during inflammatory lung disease. They are assumed to support fluid secretion, necessary to hydrate excess mucus and to maintain mucus clearance. During inflammation, however, TMEM16A is upregulated particularly in mucus producing cells, with only little expression in ciliated cells. Recently it was shown that knockout of TMEM16A in ciliated cells strongly compromises Cl− conductance and attenuated mucus secretion, but does not lead to a CF-like lung disease and airway plugging. Along this line, activation of TMEM16A by denufosol, a stable purinergic ligand, failed to demonstrate any benefit to CF patients in earlier studies. It rather induced adverse effects such as cough. A number of studies suggest that TMEM16A is essential for mucus secretion and possibly also for mucus production. Evidence is now provided for a crucial role of TMEM16A in fusion of mucus-filled granules with the apical plasma membrane and cellular exocytosis. This is probably due to local Ca2+ signals facilitated by TMEM16A. Taken together, TMEM16A supports fluid secretion by ciliated airway epithelial cells, but also maintains excessive mucus secretion during inflammatory airway disease. Because TMEM16A also supports airway smooth muscle contraction, inhibition rather than activation of TMEM16A might be the appropriate treatment for CF lung disease, asthma and COPD. As a number of FDA-approved and well-tolerated drugs have been shown to inhibit TMEM16A, evaluation in clinical trials appears timely.
Examining the Threat Landscape: Foundation Models and Model Stealing
Creators: name: Raj, Ankita
name: Varma, Deepankar
name: Arora, Chetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Foundation models (FMs) for computer vision learn rich and robust representations, enabling their adaptation to task/domain-specific deployments with little to no fine-tuning. However, we posit that the very same strength can make applications based on FMs vulnerable to model stealing attacks. Through empirical analysis, we reveal that models fine-tuned from FMs harbor heightened susceptibility to model stealing, compared to conventional vision architectures like ResNets. We hypothesize that this behavior is due to the comprehensive encoding of visual patterns and features learned by FMs during pre-training, which are accessible to both the attacker and the victim. We report that an attacker is able to obtain 94.28% agreement (matched predictions with victim) for a Vision Transformer based victim model (ViT-L/16) trained on CIFAR-10 dataset, compared to only 73.20% agreement for a ResNet-18 victim, when using ViT-L/16 as the thief model. We arguably show, for the first time, that utilizing FMs for downstream tasks may not be the best choice for deployment in commercial APIs due to their susceptibility to model theft. We thereby alert model owners towards the associated security risks, and highlight the need for robust security measures to safeguard such models against theft. Code is available at https://github.com/rajankita/foundation_model_stealing.
description: Accepted to BMVC 2024
Comparing Bayesian Models of Annotation
Creators: name: Paun, S.
name: Carpenter, B.
name: Chamberlain, J. D.
name: Hovy, D.
name: Kruschwitz, Udo
name: Poesio, Massimo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Crowdsourcing has revolutionised the way tasks can be completed but the process is frequently inefficient, costing practitioners time and money. This research investigates whether crowdsourcing can be optimised with a validation process, as measured by four criteria: quality; cost; noise; and speed. A validation model is described, simulated and tested on real data from an online crowdsourcing game to collect data about human language. Results show that by adding an agreement validation (or a like/upvote) step fewer annotations are required, noise and collection time are reduced and quality may be improved.
A New Approach to Physics of Nuclei
Creators: name: Drukarev, E. G.
name: Ryskin, M. G.
name: Sadovnikova, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the QCD sum rules method for description of nucleons in nuclear matter. We show that this approach provides a consistent formalism for solving various problems of nuclear physics. Such nucleon characteristics as the Dirac effective mass $m^*$ and the vector self-energy $Σ_V$ are expressed in terms of the in-medium values of QCD condensates. The values of these parameters at saturation density and the dependence on the baryon density and on the neutron-to-proton density ratio is in agreement with the results, obtained by conventional nuclear physics method. The contributions to $m^*$ and $Σ_V$ are related to observables and do not require phenomenological parameters. The scalar interaction is shown to be determined by the pion--nucleon $σ$-term. The nonlinear behavior of the scalar condensate may appear to provide a possible mechanism of the saturation. The approach provided reasonable results for renormalization of the axial coupling constant, for the contribution of the strong interactions to the neutron--proton mass difference and for the behavior of the structure functions of the in-medium nucleon. The approach enables to solve the problems which are difficult or unaccessible for conventional nuclear physics methods. The method provides guide-lines for building the nuclear forces. The three-body interactions emerge within the method in a natural way. There rigorous calculation will be possible in framework of self-consistent calculation in nuclear matter of the scalar condensate and of the nucleon effective mass $m^*$.
description: 69 pages, 2 tables, 22 figures, some misprints are corrected
Analyzing Vietnamese Legal Questions Using Deep Neural Networks with Biaffine Classifiers
Creators: name: Tu, Nguyen Anh
name: Uyen, Hoang Thi Thu
name: Phuong, Tu Minh
name: Bach, Ngo Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose using deep neural networks to extract important information from Vietnamese legal questions, a fundamental task towards building a question answering system in the legal domain. Given a legal question in natural language, the goal is to extract all the segments that contain the needed information to answer the question. We introduce a deep model that solves the task in three stages. First, our model leverages recent advanced autoencoding language models to produce contextual word embeddings, which are then combined with character-level and POS-tag information to form word representations. Next, bidirectional long short-term memory networks are employed to capture the relations among words and generate sentence-level representations. At the third stage, borrowing ideas from graph-based dependency parsing methods which provide a global view on the input sentence, we use biaffine classifiers to estimate the probability of each pair of start-end words to be an important segment. Experimental results on a public Vietnamese legal dataset show that our model outperforms the previous work by a large margin, achieving 94.79% in the F1 score. The results also prove the effectiveness of using contextual features extracted from pre-trained language models combined with other types of features such as character-level and POS-tag features when training on a limited dataset.
description: accepted as the oral presentation at ICONIP 2021
Management of gout from the patient perspective
Creators: name: Howren, Alyssa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Suboptimal medication adherence and poor health outcomes in patients with gout, the most common inflammatory arthritis, has prompted efforts to optimize care delivery. The Virtual Gout Clinic, an electronic health technology supported collaborative care model for gout involving rheumatology, pharmacy, and dietetics, offers a promising solution. The purpose of this thesis is to gain an in-depth understanding of how individuals engage in managing their gout and also explore the complexity of the Virtual Gout Clinic using mixed methods to optimize the context and delivery of this care model. Objectives: 1) To explore individual experiences with gout in a Canadian population and to understand the phenomenon of becoming actively engaged in the management of gout with an emphasis on factors which facilitate management; and 2) to explore how participants with gout experience the Virtual Gout Clinic and to understand and explain quantitative outcomes from the evaluation of this care model. Methods: For the first objective, I used a constructivist grounded theory design and conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with participants diagnosed with gout completing the Virtual Gout Clinic. I applied an explanatory sequential mixed methods design for objective 2, as this design enables interview questions used in the qualitative component to be informed by quantitative outcomes of the Virtual Gout Clinic (adherence, serum uric acid) for a comprehensive final interpretation. Results: 1) Analysis of 12 interviews constructed four themes: describing the severity of gout; processing the diagnosis and management of gout; interfering with management of gout; and facilitating management of gout. 2) The experience of the Virtual Gout Clinic was described by three conceptual categories: learning through the Virtual Gout Clinic; receiving personalized support; and knowing someone cares. Suboptimal health outcomes were explained by practical and perceptual barriers to gout management, such as lacking knowledge and fearing side-effects of medications. Conclusion: This thesis provided novel insight into the process of patients becoming actively engaged in the management of gout with an emphasis on facilitating factors. An interdisciplinary model of care is a promising approach to optimize care delivery by providing both emotional and practical support as well as ongoing individualized education.
Chemerin Isoforms and Activity in Obesity
Creators: name: Buechler, Christa
name: Feder, Susanne
name: Haberl, Elisabeth M.
name: Aslanidis, Charalampos
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: proteolysis; Tango bioassay; biologic activity; chemerin receptors
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Overweight and adiposity are risk factors for several diseases, like type 2 diabetes and cancer. White adipose tissue is a major source for adipokines, comprising a diverse group of proteins exerting various functions. Chemerin is one of these proteins whose systemic levels are increased in obesity. Chemerin is involved in different physiological and pathophysiological processes and it regulates adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and immune response, suggesting a vital role in metabolic health. The majority of serum chemerin is biologically inert. Different proteases are involved in the C-terminal processing of chemerin and generate diverse isoforms that vary in their activity. Distribution of chemerin variants was analyzed in adipose tissues and plasma of lean and obese humans and mice. The Tango bioassay, which is suitable to monitor the activation of the beta-arrestin 2 pathway, was used to determine the ex-vivo activation of chemerin receptors by systemic chemerin. Further, the expression of the chemerin receptors was analyzed in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. Present investigations assume that increased systemic chemerin in human obesity is not accompanied by higher biologic activity. More research is needed to fully understand the pathways that control chemerin processing and chemerin signaling. View Full-Text
Exploring the limits of PDR-based indoor localisation systems under realistic conditions
Creators: name: Jackermeier, Robert
name: Ludwig, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pedestrian Navigation, Indoor User Localisation, Inertial Navigation, Map-Matching
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) plays an important role in many (hybrid) indoor positioning systems since it enables frequent, granular position updates. However, the accumulation of errors creates a need for external error correction. In this work, we explore the limits of PDR under realistic conditions using our graph-based system as an example. For this purpose, we collect sensor data while the user performs an actual navigation task using a navigation application on a smartphone. To assess the localisation performance, we introduce a task-oriented metric based on the idea of landmark navigation: instead of specifying the error metrically, we measure the ability to determine the correct segment of an indoor route, which in turn enables the navigation system to give correct instructions. We conduct offline simulations with the collected data in order to identify situations where position tracking fails and explore different options how to mitigate the issues, e.g. through detection of special features along the user’s path or through additional sensors. Our results show that the magnetic compass is often unreliable under realistic conditions and that resetting the position at strategically chosen decision points significantly improves positioning accuracy.
Chemische Laboratorien: Funktion und Disposition
Creators: name: Meinel, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chemische Laboratorien; Organisation der Forschung; Semiotik des Laboratoriumsbaues
subject: 900 Geschichte

description: In this essay laboratories are dealt with as symbolic spaces that structure social relationships and ways of knowledge in chemistry. The spatial vicissitudes of the nineteenth-century research laboratory reflect, and at the same time direct, the way chemical knowledge is being produced, transmitted, and perceived.
Sketch of a path integral approach for bound states in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Rollbühler, Jörg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I outline how existing many-particle techniques might be used for a path integral approach to the bound state problem in quantum field theory. The approach allows deriving an action for composite particles from the single particle theories and their interactions. The saddle point equation of this theory is a non-linear analog of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. I shortly discuss the relationship of non-linearity with the condensation of the compound particles.
Modelling cancer progression using Mutual Hazard Networks
Creators: name: Schill, Rudolf
name: Solbrig, Stefan
name: Wettig, Tilo
name: Spang, Rainer
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Motivation: Cancer progresses by accumulating genomic events, such as mutations and copy number alterations, whose chronological order is key to understanding the disease but difficult to observe. Instead, cancer progression models use co-occurence patterns in cross-sectional data to infer epistatic interactions between events and thereby uncover their most likely order of occurence. State-of-the-art progression models, however, are limited by mathematical tractability and only allow events to interact in directed acyclic graphs, to promote but not inhibit subsequent events, or to be mutually exclusive in distinct groups that cannot overlap. Results: Here we propose Mutual Hazard Networks (MHN), a new Machine Learning algorithm to infer cyclic progression models from cross-sectional data. MHN model events by their spontaneous rate of fixation and by multiplicative effects they exert on the rates of successive events. MHN compared favourably to acyclic models in cross-validated model fit on four datasets tested. In application to the glioblastoma dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas, MHN proposed a novel interaction in line with consecutive biopsies: IDH1 mutations are early events that promote subsequent fixation of TP53 mutations. Availability Implementation and data are available at https://github.com/RudiSchill/MHN.
Evidence for Unconventional Superconductivity and Nontrivial Topology in PdTe
Creators: name: Chapai, Ramakanta
name: Reddy, P. V. Sreenivasa
name: Xing, Lingyi
name: Graf, David E.
name: Karki, Amar B.
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Jin, Rongying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PdTe is a superconductor with Tc ~4.25 K. Recently, evidence for bulk-nodal and surface-nodeless gap features has been reported in PdTe [Yang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 046402 (2023)]. Here, we investigate the physical properties of PdTe in both the normal and superconducting states via specific heat and magnetic torque measurements and first-principles calculations. Below Tc, the electronic specific heat initially decreases in T3 behavior (1.5 K < T < Tc) then exponentially decays. Using the two-band model, the superconducting specific heat can be well described with two energy gaps: one is 0.372 meV and another 1.93 meV. The calculated bulk band structure consists of two electron bands (α and \b{eta}) and two hole bands (γ and η) at the Fermi level. Experimental detection of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations allows us to identify four frequencies (Fα = 65 T, F\b{eta} = 658 T, Fγ = 1154 T, and Fη = 1867 T for H // a), consistent with theoretical predictions. Nontrivial α and \b{eta} bands are further identified via both calculations and the angle dependence of the dHvA oscillations. Our results suggest that PdTe is a candidate for unconventional superconductivity.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures (including supplementary material)
The Sampling Rate-Distortion Tradeoff for Sparsity Pattern Recovery in Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Reeves, Galen
name: Gastpar, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recovery of the sparsity pattern (or support) of an unknown sparse vector from a limited number of noisy linear measurements is an important problem in compressed sensing. In the high-dimensional setting, it is known that recovery with a vanishing fraction of errors is impossible if the measurement rate and the per-sample signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are finite constants, independent of the vector length. In this paper, it is shown that recovery with an arbitrarily small but constant fraction of errors is, however, possible, and that in some cases computationally simple estimators are near-optimal. Bounds on the measurement rate needed to attain a desired fraction of errors are given in terms of the SNR and various key parameters of the unknown vector for several different recovery algorithms. The tightness of the bounds, in a scaling sense, as a function of the SNR and the fraction of errors, is established by comparison with existing information-theoretic necessary bounds. Near optimality is shown for a wide variety of practically motivated signal models.
Framing the News:From Human Perception to Large Language Model Inferences
Creators: name: del Barrio, David Alonso
name: Gatica-Perez, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying the frames of news is important to understand the articles' vision, intention, message to be conveyed, and which aspects of the news are emphasized. Framing is a widely studied concept in journalism, and has emerged as a new topic in computing, with the potential to automate processes and facilitate the work of journalism professionals. In this paper, we study this issue with articles related to the Covid-19 anti-vaccine movement. First, to understand the perspectives used to treat this theme, we developed a protocol for human labeling of frames for 1786 headlines of No-Vax movement articles of European newspapers from 5 countries. Headlines are key units in the written press, and worth of analysis as many people only read headlines (or use them to guide their decision for further reading.) Second, considering advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) with large language models, we investigated two approaches for frame inference of news headlines: first with a GPT-3.5 fine-tuning approach, and second with GPT-3.5 prompt-engineering. Our work contributes to the study and analysis of the performance that these models have to facilitate journalistic tasks like classification of frames, while understanding whether the models are able to replicate human perception in the identification of these frames.
Relevant Deformations in Open String Field Theory: a Simple Solution for Lumps
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Maccaferri, C.
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a remarkably simple solution of cubic open string field theory which describes inhomogeneous tachyon condensation. The solution is in one-to-one correspondence with the IR fixed point of the RG-flow generated in the two--dimensional world-sheet theory by integrating a relevant operator with mild enough OPE on the boundary. It is shown how the closed string overlap correctly captures the shift in the closed string one point function between the UV and the IR limits of the flow. Examples of lumps in non-compact and compact transverse directions are given.
description: 45 pages. v2: typos and minor improvements. v3: submitted to jhep
The Cedar Project : understanding the sexual vulnerabilities of Indigenous young people who use drugs in British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Chavoshi, Negar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background: For Indigenous communities in Canada, the legacies of colonization have severely compromised sexual wellbeing. Indigenous leaders are growing increasingly concerned for the sexual health of their young people, particularly those who use drugs to cope with adversity. However, there is a critical gap in evidence pertaining to the complex and multifaceted relationships between intergenerational trauma, self-medication, and sexual wellbeing. Methods: Data was gathered from the Cedar Project: an ongoing prospective cohort study of Indigenous young people who use drugs and live in British Columbia. A multidisciplinary approach was used to investigate historical and lifetime factors that impact sexual health. Epidemiological analyses were used to determine the prevalence and correlates of Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2) and syphilis positivity among 250 participants. An interpretive thematic approach was used to qualitatively analyze in-depth interviews with 28 participants. Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-2 among women and men was 79% and 36%, respectively. For women, HSV-2 positivity was associated with being taken away from biological parents, involvement in survival sex work, and injecting drugs. For men, having ever been in prison was significantly associated with HSV-2 positivity. Young men who stated that culture played an important role during their developmental years were less likely to test positive for HSV-2. A history of syphilis infection was observed among 21 participants, 95% of which occurred among women living in Vancouver. Results from the qualitative study highlighted how sexual health continues to be negatively impacted by intergenerational trauma stemming from the residential school and child welfare systems. Participants’ narratives demonstrated the protective effect of family and cultural connectedness on sexual wellbeing. Participants offered detailed recommendations on how to improve sexual health outcomes through culturally-safe and trauma-informed sexual health resources that are integrated with mental health and drug recovery programs aimed at supporting struggling families. Conclusion: To support the sexual wellbeing of Indigenous young people who use drugs, the underlying causes of ongoing trauma and social marginalization must be urgently addressed. These findings call for the backing of Indigenous-led healing strategies that focus on young people’s inherent strengths, and use Indigenous wellness frameworks to promote collective healing.
Statistical Analysis of NMR Metabolic Fingerprints: Established Methods and Recent Advances
Creators: name: Zacharias, Helena
name: Altenbuchinger, Michael
name: Gronwald, Wolfram
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: NMR; data normalization; data scaling; metabolic fingerprinting; statistical data analysis; zero-sum
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In this review, we summarize established and recent bioinformatic and statistical methods for the analysis of NMR-based metabolomics. Data analysis of NMR metabolic fingerprints exhibits several challenges, including unwanted biases, high dimensionality, and typically low sample numbers. Common analysis tasks comprise the identification of differential metabolites and the classification of specimens. However, analysis results strongly depend on the preprocessing of the data, and there is no consensus yet on how to remove unwanted biases and experimental variance prior to statistical analysis. Here, we first review established and new preprocessing protocols and illustrate their pros and cons, including different data normalizations and transformations. Second, we give a brief overview of state-of-the-art statistical analysis in NMR-based metabolomics. Finally, we discuss a recent development in statistical data analysis, where data normalization becomes obsolete. This method, called zero-sum regression, builds metabolite signatures whose estimation as well as predictions are independent of prior normalization.