cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Isospin Mixing Reveals $^{30}$P($p,γ$)$^{31}$S Resonance Influencing Nova Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Bennett, M. B.
name: Wrede, C.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Liddick, S. N.
name: Pérez-Loureiro, D.
name: Bardayan, D. W.
name: Chen, A. A.
name: Chipps, K. A.
name: Fry, C.
name: Glassman, B. E.
name: Langer, C.
name: Larson, N. R.
name: McNeice, E. I.
name: Meisel, Z.
name: Ong, W.
name: O'Malley, P.
name: Pain, S. D.
name: Prokop, C.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Schwartz, S. B.
name: Suchyta, S.
name: Thompson, P.
name: Walters, M.
name: Xu, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermonuclear $^{30}$P($p,γ$)$^{31}$S reaction rate is critical for modeling the final elemental and isotopic abundances of ONe nova nucleosynthesis, which affect the calibration of proposed nova thermometers and the identification of presolar nova grains, respectively. Unfortunately, the rate of this reaction is essentially unconstrained experimentally, because the strengths of key $^{31}$S proton capture resonance states are not known, largely due to uncertainties in their spins and parities. Using the $β$ decay of $^{31}$Cl, we have observed the $β$-delayed $γ$ decay of a $^{31}$S state at $E_x = 6390.2(7)$ keV, with a $^{30}$P($p,γ$)$^{31}$S resonance energy of $E_r = 259.3(8)$ keV, in the middle of the $^{30}$P($p,γ$)$^{31}$S Gamow window for peak nova temperatures. This state exhibits isospin mixing with the nearby isobaric analog state (IAS) at $E_x = 6279.0(6)$ keV, giving it an unambiguous spin and parity of $3/2^+$ and making it an important $l = 0$ resonance for proton capture on $^{30}$P.
Dynamic Decomposition of Spatiotemporal Neural Signals
Creators: name: Ambrogioni, Luca
name: van Gerven, Marcel A. J.
name: Maris, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural signals are characterized by rich temporal and spatiotemporal dynamics that reflect the organization of cortical networks. Theoretical research has shown how neural networks can operate at different dynamic ranges that correspond to specific types of information processing. Here we present a data analysis framework that uses a linearized model of these dynamic states in order to decompose the measured neural signal into a series of components that capture both rhythmic and non-rhythmic neural activity. The method is based on stochastic differential equations and Gaussian process regression. Through computer simulations and analysis of magnetoencephalographic data, we demonstrate the efficacy of the method in identifying meaningful modulations of oscillatory signals corrupted by structured temporal and spatiotemporal noise. These results suggest that the method is particularly suitable for the analysis and interpretation of complex temporal and spatiotemporal neural signals.
Optimizing Selective Emitter Technology in One Year of Full Scale Production
Creators: name: Tjahjono, B.
name: Haverkamp, H.
name: Wu, V.
name: Anditsch, H.T.
name: Jung, W.-H.
name: Cheng, J.
name: Ting, J.
name: Yang, M.J.
name: Habermann, D.
name: Sziptalak, T.
name: Buchner, C.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Beilby, B.
name: Hsu, K.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 901-905
description: Selective emitter technology has received significant attention in the past few years both in laboratory research and
industry. This has led to the development of a number of different approaches all aiming at reducing loss occurring at the front
surface of the cell. In this paper we report on development work carried out at the production facility of Sunrise Global Solar
Energy where a production tool based on the selective emitter concept developed by University of Konstanz was installed in
2010. The process utilizes the etch-back approach where the areas intended for metallization are protected by an organic mask.
The influence of several process parameters on cell efficiency and its distribution is discussed. Rigorous process optimization
making intensive use of repeated loss analysis has resulted in average cell efficiency in production approaching 19% with highest
independently confirmed efficiency of 19.17% on 156 x 156mm Cz wafer with screen-printed metallization.
A remark on boundary estimates on unbounded $Z(q)$ domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$
Creators: name: Harrington, Phillip S.
name: Raich, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32W05, Secondary 32W10, 32T15, 35N15

description: The goal of this note is to explore the relationship between the Folland-Kohn basic estimate and the $Z(q)$-condition. In particular, on unbounded pseudoconvex (resp., pseudoconcave) domains, we prove that the Folland-Kohn basic estimate is equivalent to uniform strict pseudoconvexity (resp., pseudoconcavity). As a corollary, we observe that despite the Siegel upper half space being strictly pseudoconvex and biholomorphic to a the unit ball, it fails to satisfy uniform strict pseudoconvexity and hence the Folland-Kohn basic estimate fails. On unbounded non-pseudoconvex domains, we show that the Folland-Kohn basic estimate on $(0,q)$-forms implies a uniform $Z(q)$ condition, and conversely, that a uniform $Z(q)$ condition with some additional hypotheses implies the Folland-Kohn basic estimate for $(0,q)$-forms.
description: 6 pages
Glueball Inflation and Gauge/Gravity Duality
Creators: name: Anguelova, Lilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize our work on building glueball inflation models with the methods of the gauge/gravity duality. We review the relevant five-dimensional consistent truncation of type IIB supergravity. We consider solutions of this effective theory, whose metric has the form of a $dS_4$ foliation over a radial direction. By turning on small (in an appropriate sense) time-dependent deformations around these solutions, one can build models of glueball inflation. We discuss a particular deformed solution, describing an ultra-slow roll inflationary regime.
description: 9 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the 11th international workshop "Lie Theory and its Applications in Physics", Varna, 2015
D4.7: Semantic interoperable middleware - final version
Creators: name: Hanssen, Bård Johan
name: Haro, Peter
name: Vennesland, Audun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: D4.7 describes and outlines the semantic interoperable middleware developed for the DWC project. It introduces the concepts and components that are utilized in order to build the middleware and discusses how these are used in the Paris case in DWC. It also outlines the process and smart-data input to the SAREF ontologies. This document will also detail the implementation and usage of the middleware and possible future opportunities within the DWC project consortia.
High Speed Laser Scribe System for Large Area Thin Film Solar Cell Manufacturing
Creators: name: Schillinger, H.
name: Pahl, H.-U.
name: Patel, R.
name: Bovatsek, J.
name: Desailly, R.
name: Bulgakova, N.M.
name: Bonse, J.
name: Endert, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2763-2765
description: Recent advances in laser sources and laser scribing process techniques are providing significant improvements
in manufacturing throughput, cell efficiencies and production yields for the industrial manufacture of thin film solar cells.
Widespread adoption of these improved technologies will contribute to accelerated reductions in manufacturing cost and
further enable market adoption of thin film photovoltaic solar cells.
We describe a novel new distributed laser scribe system design based on an air bearing linear motion stage which is
optimized for high throughput laser scribing of large area glass photovoltaic thin film panels. The design concept is shown in
the Fig. 1. This system provides six beam lines, each supplied by an individual compact ExplorerTM laser. Such system
enables multiple laser scribes to be “written” through the stationary glass from below at speeds up to 2 m/s yet with very
high accuracy (Fig. 2). This is a major improvement on existing designs that incorporate single laser beam split into 4 or 8
beam paths, scanners, mechanical bearings, or require fast movement of the glass substrates and thus are limited in their
speed and or accuracy, usable life time, and scalability to larger panel sizes.
This large area laser scribe platform is used to characterize the scribing processes in amorphous silicon process type thin film
samples, performed by using multi-kHz q-switched solid state lasers laser of ns pulse duration and for panel sizes up to
1.3m×1.1m. The scribe width along the scribe lines, their parallelism and their sensitivity to the ambient temperature
conditions were measured and characterized
Oikopleura fusiformis Fol 1872
Creators: name: Karunarathne, Krishan D.
name: Croos, M. D. S. T. De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Appendicularia
Copelata
Oikopleuridae
Oikopleura
Oikopleura fusiformis

description: Oikopleura fusiformis Fol, 1872
Oikopleura fusiformis Fol 1872: 473, Pl. 3 Figs. 5–8. Bückmann 1969: 5, Fig. 7a–c. Fenaux 1993: 58, 71, 79; 1998: 300, 301. Aravena & Palma 2002: 314, Fig. 6A.
Oikopleura (Coecaria) fusiformis + Oikopleura (Coecaria) fusiformis f. cornutogastra: Tokioka 1960: 354.
Material examined. Six specimens (MDAFWU 2020 /395–400), St.205, January 2020.
Description. Trunk 1–1.5 mm long, elongated and narrow. Mouth turned upwards, with a pronounced lower lip, without oral glands. A large caecum extending from the left stomach lobe, obliquely upwards and backwards. The endostyle is short and broad, placed nearer to the anus than the mouth. Rectum extending towards the anterior wall of the stomach. Gonads are placed below the caecum; the ovary quite flat; the paired testes long, covering most of the stomach. Tail musculature with narrow muscular bands, and without subchordal glands.
Global distribution. The Antarctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea (Fenaux et al. 1998); Australian waters (Thompson 1948). Type locality: Straits of Messina, Mediterranean Sea.
description: Published as part of Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De, 2021, Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist, pp. 352-376 in Zootaxa 5067 (3) on page 356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5681899
Homogeneous Versus Selective Emitters - Perspectives for Future Industrial Processing of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Horzel, J.
name: Jahn, M.
name: Schmitt, P.
name: Hefner, W.
name: Vaas, K.
name: Fiedler, M.
name: Parr, E.
name: Moschner, J.
name: Roth, P.
name: Lachowicz, A.
name: Gassenbauer, Y.
name: Schmich, E.
name: Bothar, M.
name: Neese, T.
name: Ernst, I.
name: Droste, T.
name: Lippert, L.
name: Schum, B.
name: Schmidt, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1492-1498
description: Most industrially produced solar cells are not exploiting the full efficiency potential of the respectively
used crystalline Si substrates. The reason for that is a compromise between manufacturing cost and efficiency
potential that has to be made in order to result in the lowest cost per Wattpeak for PV energy. Emitter regions of low
cost industrial solar cells are such a compromise. Low cost contacting schemes require highly doped emitter surfaces
that result in minority carrier recombination losses.
Selective emitters are one possibility to improve the performance of low cost industrial solar cells while still
benefiting from low cost metallization approaches. A large number of emitter formation approaches are recently
under investigation at research institutes or already offered by equipment manufacturers and caught the attention of
SCHOTT Solar. After an internal screening a selection of three accessible approaches has been benchmarked (under
conditions specific to the production environment of SCHOTT Solar) against in-house developed advanced
homogeneous emitter technology.
Mc-Si solar cell efficiencies in excess of 17% (Al BSF) and 18% (PERC-type) on homogeneous emitters and
assessment on selective emitter approaches are so far still in favour of advanced homogeneous emitters.
A local and BRST-invariant Yang-Mills theory within the Gribov horizon
Creators: name: Capri, M. A. L.
name: Dudal, D.
name: Fiorentini, D.
name: Guimaraes, M. S.
name: Justo, I. F.
name: Pereira, A. D.
name: Mintz, B. W.
name: Palhares, L. F.
name: Sobreiro, R. F.
name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a local setup for the recently introduced BRST-invariant formulation of Yang-Mills theories for linear covariant gauges that takes into account the existence of gauge copies à la Gribov and Zwanziger. Through the convenient use of auxiliary fields, including one of the Stueckelberg type, it is shown that both the action and the associated nilpotent BRST operator can be put in local form. Direct consequences of this fully local and BRST-symmetric framework are drawn from its Ward identities: (i) an exact prediction for the longitudinal part of the gluon propagator in linear covariant gauges that is compatible with recent lattice results and (ii) a proof of the gauge-parameter independence of all correlation functions of local BRST-invariant operators.
description: 29 pages
Dust diffusion and settling in the presence of collisions: Trapping (sub)micron grains in the midplane
Creators: name: Krijt, Sebastiaan
name: Ciesla, Fred J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In protoplanetary disks, the distribution and abundance of small (sub)micron grains are important for a range of physical and chemical processes. For example, they dominate the optical depth at short wavelengths and their surfaces are the sites of many important chemical reactions such as the formation of water. Based on their aerodynamical properties (i.e., their strong dynamical coupling with the surrounding gas) it is often assumed that these small grains are well-mixed with the gas. Our goal is to study the vertical (re)distribution of grains taking into account settling, turbulent diffusion, as well as collisions with other dust grains. Assuming a fragmentation-limited background dust population, we developed a Monte Carlo approach that follows single monomers as they move through a vertical column of gas and become incorporated in different aggregates as they undergo sticking and fragmenting collisions. We find that (sub)micron grains are not necessarily well-mixed vertically, but can become trapped in a thin layer with a scale-height that is significantly smaller than that of the gas. This collisional trapping occurs when the timescale for diffusion is comparable to or longer than the collision timescale in the midplane and its effect is strongest when the most massive particles in the size-distribution show significant settling. Based on simulations and analytical considerations we conclude that for typical dust-to-gas ratios and turbulence levels, the collisional trapping of small grains should be a relatively common phenomenon. The absence of trapping could then indicate a low dust-to-gas ratio, possibly because a large portion of the dust mass has been removed through radial drift or is locked up in planetesimals.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Some Early Ideas on the Metric Geometry of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Ruppeiner, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a pleasure to write for this 90'th anniversary volume of Journal of Low Temperature Physics dedicated to Horst Meyer at Duke University. I was a PhD student with Horst in the period 1975-1980, working in experimental low temperature physics. While in Horst's group, I also did a theoretical physics project on the side. This project in the metric geometry of thermodynamics was motivated by my work in Horst's lab, and helped me to understand the theory of critical phenomena, very much in play in Horst's lab. In this paper, I explain the essence of my theory project and give a few accounts of its future development, focussing on topics where I interacted with Horst. I pay particular attention to the pure fluid critical point.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 41 references
Interface control by homoepitaxial growth in pulsed laser deposited iron chalcogenide thin ilms
Creators: name: Molatta, Sebastian
name: Haindl, Silvia
name: Trommler, Sascha
name: Schulze, Michael
name: Wurmehl, Sabine
name: Hühne, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin film growth of iron chalcogenides by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is still a delicate issue in terms of simultaneous control of stoichiometry, texture, substrate/film interface properties, and superconducting properties. The high volatility of the constituents sharply limits optimal deposition temperatures to a narrow window and mainly challenges reproducibility for vacuum based methods. In this work we demonstrate the beneficial introduction of a semiconducting FeSe$_{1\text{--}x}$Te$_x$ seed layer for subsequent homoepitaxial growth of superconducting FeSe$_{1\text{--}x}$Te$_x$ thin film on MgO substrates. MgO is one of the most favorable substrates used in superconducting thin film applications, but the controlled growth of iron chalcogenide thin films on MgO has not yet been optimized and is the least understood. The large mismatch between the lattice constants of MgO and FeSe$_{1\text{--}x}$Te$_x$ of about 11% results in thin films with a mixed texture, that prevents further accurate investigations of a correlation between structural and electrical properties of FeSe$_{1\text{--}x}$Te$_x$. Here we present an effective way to significantly improve epitaxial growth of superconducting FeSe$_{1\text{--}x}$Te$_x$ thin films with reproducible high critical temperatures ($\geq$ 17 K) at reduced deposition temperatures (200 °C - 320 °C) on MgO using PLD. This offers a broad scope of various applications.
A universal preconditioner for simulating condensed phase materials
Creators: name: Packwood, David
name: Kermode, James
name: Mones, Letif
name: Bernstein, Noam
name: Woolley, John
name: Gould, Nicholas
name: Ortner, Christoph
name: Csanyi, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a universal sparse preconditioner that accelerates geometry optimisation and saddle point search tasks that are common in the atomic scale simulation of materials. Our preconditioner is based on the neighbourhood structure and we demonstrate the gain in computational efficiency in a wide range of materials that include metals, insulators and molecular solids. The simple structure of the preconditioner means that the gains can be realised in practice not only when using expensive electronic structure models but also for fast empirical potentials. Even for relatively small systems of a few hundred atoms, we observe speedups of a factor of two or more, and the gain grows with system size. An open source Python implementation within the Atomic Simulation Environment is available, offering interfaces to a wide range of atomistic codes.
Global Strong $L^p$ Well-Posedness of the 3D Primitive Equations with Heat and Salinity Diffusion
Creators: name: Hieber, Matthias
name: Hussein, Amru
name: Kashiwabara, Takahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35 (Primary), 76D03, 47D06, 86A05 (Secondary)

description: Consider the full primitive equations, i.e. the three dimensional primitive equations coupled to the equation for temperature and salinity, and subject to outer forces. It is shown that this set of equations is globally strongly well-posed for arbitrary large initial data lying in certain interpolation spaces, which are explicitly characterized as subspaces of $H^{2/p,p}$, $1
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
98% directional guiding of spin currents with 90 micrometer relaxation length in bilayer graphene using carrier drift
Creators: name: Ingla-Aynés, Josep
name: Meijerink, Rick J.
name: van Wees, Bart J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical control of spin signals and long distance spin transport are major requirements in the field of spin electronics. Here we report the efficient guiding of spin currents at room temperature in high mobility hexagonal boron nitride encapsulated bilayer graphene using carrier drift. Our experiments, together with modelling, show that the spin relaxation length can be tuned from 2 to 88 micrometers when applying a DC current of $\mp$40 uA respectively. Our model predicts that, extending the range up to $\mathrm{I_{dc}}=\mp$150 uA, the spin relaxation length can be tuned from 0.6 to 320 um respectively, indicating that spin relaxation lengths in the millimeter range are within scope in near future with moderate current densities. Our results also show that we are able to direct spin currents on either side of a spin injection contact. 98% of the injected spins flow to the left when $\mathrm{I_{dc}}$= -40 uA and 65% flow to the right when the drift current is reversed. Our model shows that, for $\mathrm{I_{dc}}=\mp$150 uA the numbers reach 99.8% and 95% respectively showing the potential of carrier drift for spin-based logic operations and devices.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Chiral phase transition and meson spectrum in improved soft-wall AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Fang, Zhen
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in detail the chiral thermal transition of QCD in an improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model with a simply modified 5D conformal mass of the bulk scalar field. We also present a calculation in this model for the light meson spectra and other low-energy characteristic quantities including the pion form factor, the pi-rho coupling constant and the decay constants of pi, rho, a_1, which are shown to result in a good agreement with experimental data except for the pion decay constant. The thermal behavior of chiral condensate is studied. It is found that such a simply improved soft-wall model incorporates the crossover behavior of chiral thermal transition indicated by lattice simulations. The expected chiral transition temperature can be obtained.
Optimization of the Scribe Morphology for Thin Film Contacts
Creators: name: Klöter, B.
name: Patzlaff, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2928-2929
description: In this study we investigate the morphology of the very first scribe on thin film substrates, usually
labelled P1. It can be the insulation for both the back and front contact depending on the device setup and can be
performed from the glass and the film side respectively. The main focus lies in the height and quality of the rims at
the edge of the laser scribes which should be optimized to ensure low impact on posterior deposited semiconductor
layers. Another investigated feature is glass damage and deformation.
We investigate a number of optical and mechanical measuring techniques to develop a fast and robust measurement
procedure and optimize the laser parameters with regard to the scribe morphology.
Oikopleura rufescens Fol 1872
Creators: name: Karunarathne, Krishan D.
name: Croos, M. D. S. T. De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Appendicularia
Copelata
Oikopleuridae
Oikopleura
Oikopleura rufescens

description: Oikopleura rufescens Fol, 1872
Oikopleura rufescens Fol 1872: 471, Pl. 10 Fig. 3. Bückmann 1969: 3. Fenaux 1993: 57, 71, 80; 1998: 300, 302. Aravena & Palma 2002: 314, Fig. 5B.
Oikopleura (Vexillaria) rufescens: Tokioka 1960: 355.
Material examined. Thirteen specimens (MDAFWU 2020 /423–435), St.205, January 2020.
Description. Trunk 1.0–2.0 mm long, compact. The left stomach lobe is elliptical-shaped, without a stomach caecum. Oral glands are spherical, fairly large and similar in size. Rectum nearly vertical and anus under the anterior wall of the stomach. Endostyle is almost at the same distance between the mouth and the anus. Gonads dorsal, adjoining the coil of the gut and tapering toward the posterior end in mature individuals. Tail musculature narrow, with one spindle-shaped subchordal cell.
Global distribution. The Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea (Fenaux et al. 1998); Australian waters (Thompson 1948). Type locality: Straits of Messina, Mediterranean Sea.
description: Published as part of Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De, 2021, Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist, pp. 352-376 in Zootaxa 5067 (3) on page 357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5681899
Recent Progress in the Development and Understanding of Silicon Surface Passivation by Aluminum Oxide for Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Dingemans, G.
name: Kessels, W.M.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1083-1090
description: In the recent years, considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the unique silicon
surface passivation properties of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films including its underlying mechanisms. Containing
a high fixed negative charge density located close to the Si interface, Al2O3 provides a key merit over other
available materials for the passivation of p-type surfaces and p+ emitters in silicon photovoltaics. The Al2O3 films
also induce a high level of chemical passivation, which is vital to obtain excellent surface passivation properties.
In this contribution, we highlight some recent work on the application and understanding of Al2O3 surface
passivation films. We will discuss the material properties of Al2O3 including new data on the optical properties of
ultrathin Al2O3 films (band gap is 6.4 ± 0.1 eV) for a large wavelength range. It will be shown that Al2O3 applied
on top of SiO2 resulted in a firing stable double layer passivation scheme. The application of Al2O3 in solar cells
will also be briefly addressed. The beneficial effect of enhanced rear reflectance and increased passivation will be
discussed. The industrial feasibility will be assessed on the basis of excellent surface passivation properties (Seff <
6 cm/s) and firing stability for ~2  cm p-type Si wafers with Al2O3 deposited in an inline thermal (H2O-based)
ALD tool (Levitech’s Levitrack), and in an industrial ASM batch reactor with O3 as the oxidant. We furthermore
demonstrate that “solar grade” Al(CH3)3, a precursor with reduced purity, resulted in Al2O3 films with similar
passivation properties as semiconductor grade, high purity Al(CH3)3.
Kaluza theory with zero-length extra dimensions
Creators: name: Stoica, Ovidiu Cristinel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to the Kaluza theory and its relation to the gauge theory is presented. Two degenerate metrics on the $4+d$-dimensional total manifold are used, one corresponding to the spacetime metric and giving the fiber of the gauge bundle, and the other one to the metric of the fiber and giving the horizontal bundle of the connection. When combined, the two metrics give the Kaluza metric and its generalization to the non-abelian case, justifying thus his choice. Considering the two metrics as fundamental rather than the Kaluza metric explains why Kaluza's theory should not be regarded as five-dimensional vacuum gravity. This approach suggests that the only evidence of extra dimensions is given by the existence of the gauge forces, explaining thus why other kinds of evidence are not available. In addition, because the degenerate metric corresponding to the spacetime metric vanishes along the extra dimensions, the lengths in the extra dimensions is zero, preventing us to directly probe them. Therefore this approach suggests that it is not justified to search for experimental evidence of the extra dimensions as if they are merely extra spacetime dimensions. On the other hand the new approach uses a very general formalism, which can be applied to known and new generalizations of the Kaluza theory aiming to achieve more and make different experimental predictions.
description: To appear in IJMPD
MPEC 2023-S241 : 2018 RW3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Approaches for High Efficiency HITTM Solar Cell with Very Thin (<100 µm) Silicon Wafer over 23%
Creators: name: Kinoshita, T.
name: Fujishima, D.
name: Yano, A.
name: Ogane, A.
name: Tohoda, S.
name: Matsuyama, K.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Tokuoka, N.
name: Kanno, H.
name: Sakata, H.
name: Taguchi, M.
name: Maruyama, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 871-874
description: In order to reduce the production cost of crystalline silicon-based solar cells, it is important to
improve the conversion efficiency with thinner crystalline silicon wafers. We reported an excellent conversion
efficiency of 22.8% with a thin wafer of 98 μm for the HIT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer) solar cell in
2009. By examining the loss analysis of the parameters for a 22.8% HIT solar cell, we improved the optical and
electrical properties of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer, the metal grid electrode and the window
layers. As a result, we have achieved the world’s top level conversion efficiency of 23.7% (Voc: 0.745 V, Isc:
39.38 mA/cm2, FF: 80.9%, 100.7 cm2) with a thin wafer of 98 μm at the R&D stage.
n-Type Silicon Solar Cells with Implanted Emitter
Creators: name: Hermle, M.
name: Benick, J.
name: Rüdiger, M.
name: Bateman, N.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 875-878
description: Ion implantation, which is the state of the art doping technology in microelectronics, is being reintroduced
for silicon solar cell processing. High volume manufacturing of solar cells with implanted phosphorus
emitters has just begun. However, boron implantation for emitter formation in n-type solar cells seems to be more
complicated. Some publications have presented high emitter saturation current densities and low effective lifetimes
after implantation and annealing. In this work we present an evaluation of boron implanted emitters for front junction
solar cells with a phosphorus BSF. By adapting the annealing conditions we were able to achieve low emitter
saturation current densities for the boron implanted emitters. Simulations of the rear side design show that a well
passivated full area BSF allows a high degree of flexibility in the choice of base resistivity, whereas a local BSF can
lead to slightly higher efficiencies only for low resistivity material. Solar cells with an implanted emitter and locally
diffused BSFs were built with an efficiency of 21.7 %, which is comparable to boron diffused reference cells.
MPEC 2023-S242 : 2020 FF6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Temperatures and metallicities of M giants in the galactic Bulge from low-resolution K-band spectra
Creators: name: Schultheis, M.
name: Ryde, N.
name: Nandakumar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the existing and upcoming large multi-fibre low-resolution spectrographs, the question arises how precise stellar parameters such as Teff and [Fe/H] can be obtained from low-resolution K-band spectra with respect to traditional photometric temperature measurements. Until now, most of the effective temperatures in galactic Bulge studies come directly from photometric techniques. Uncertainties in interstellar reddening and in the assumed extinction law could lead to large systematic errors. We aim to obtain and calibrate the relation between Teff and the $\rm ^{12}CO$ first overtone bands for M giants in the galactic Bulge covering a wide range in metallicity. We use low-resolution spectra for 20 M giants with well-studied parameters from photometric measurements covering the temperature range 3200 < Teff < 4500 K and a metallicity range from 0.5 dex down to -1.2 dex and study the behaviour of Teff and [Fe/H] on the spectral indices. We find a tight relation between Teff and the $\rm ^{12}CO(2-0)$ band with a dispersion of 95 K as well as between Teff and the $\rm ^{12}CO(3-1)$ with a dispersion of 120 K. We do not find any dependence of these relations on the metallicity of the star, making them relation attractive for galactic Bulge studies. This relation is also not sensitive to the spectral resolution allowing to apply this relation in a more general way. We also found a correlation between the combination of the NaI, CaI and the $\rm ^{12}CO$ band with the metallicity of the star. However this relation is only valid for sub-solar metallicities. We show that low-resolution spectra provide a powerful tool to obtain effective temperatures of M giants. We show that this relation does not depend on the metallicity of the star within the investigated range and is also applicable to different spectral resolution.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics
MPEC 2023-S243 : 2022 KO1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Determination of the compositeness of resonances from decays: the case of the $B^0_s\to J/ψf_1(1285)$
Creators: name: Molina, R.
name: Döring, M.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method to measure the amount of compositeness of a resonance, mostly made as a bound state of two hadrons, by simultaneously measuring the rate of production of the resonance and the mass distribution of the two hadrons close to threshold. By using different methods of analysis we conclude that the method allows one to extract the value of 1-Z with about $0.1$ of uncertainty. The method is applied to the case of the $\bar B^0_s \to J/ψf_1(1285)$ decay, by looking at the resonance production and the mass distribution of $K \bar K^*$.
description: 9 figures
Hydrogen and Argon as p and n Type Doping Gas Mixtures: Impact on the Efficiency and Stability of Sputtered Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kaur, R.
name: James, P.A.B.
name: Bahaj, A.S.
name: Bagnall, D.
name: Dutson, J.
name: Thwaites, M.
name: Horton, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2770-2773
description: The impact of varying the carrier gas for the doped layers of a p-i-n single junction amorphous silicon solar cell is
investigated. Argon and Hydrogen were used as the carrier gas for the p and n doped layers. The solar cells
investigated here have been sputtered using the a high target utilisation sputtering technique developed by Plasma
Quest Ltd.. Three solar cells were sputtered with various carrier gas mixtures, the i-layer for all three cells are
identical and have been deposited with a low hydrogen concentration (1sccm). Initial dark conductivity results of the
individual p and n layers sputtered on glass substrates produced some interesting results for the argon gas mix films.
The dark conductivities for these films showed similar values when sputtered at an ambient and 230oC substrate
temperatures, which is encouraging results for the development of low cost solar cells. Solar cells were sputtered
with various gas mixes and substrate temperatures. The efficiencies and stabilities are compared and the results are
discussed in this paper.
Laser Diffused Selective Emitters with Efficiencies above 18.5% in Industrial Production
Creators: name: Isenberg, J.
name: Ehling, C.
name: Esturo-Breton, A.
name: Frieß, T.
name: Geiger, M.
name: Hanke, M.
name: Keller, S.
name: Kühn, T.
name: Melnyk, I.
name: Olkowska-Oetzel, J.
name: Sterk, S.
name: Teppe, A.
name: Varner, K.
name: Winter, P.
name: Finck, C.
name: Bopp, B.
name: Hendel, R.
name: Mayerhofer, R.
name: Geiger, S.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Huang, L.
name: Fath, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 890-894
description: In 2010, it was shown, that the many different technological routes, which all result in a very similar
selective emitter structure were all limited to about 19.0% efficiency due to the physical properties of the Al-BSF [1].
Full 2D device simulations demonstrate that using current standard screen printing technology this limit is slightly
higher at about 19.3%. Industrially, this means that the complexity and thus cost of the process chosen plays an
important role in achieving the best possible Cost of Ownership (CoO) for the product. The process presented in this
paper, laser diffused selective emitter, adds only one additional process step to a standard industrial production line.
Due to this marginal amendment to the production equipment, this process has a very attractive cost structure and
probably the lowest economic break-even point of all industrial selective emitter. We demonstrate the implementation
of this process in different industrial production lines in Asia. Average production efficiencies of well above 18.5%
were achieved featuring considerably narrower parameter distributions compared to standard homogeneous emitters.
Experimentally, average efficiencies of up to 18.7% were achieved with best cells ranging at 18.9%. Meanwhile,
millions of selective emitter solar cells were produced, without finding major issues concerning mass production.
Recovery rate affects the effective epidemic threshold with synchronous updating
Creators: name: Shu, Panpan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Tang, Ming
name: Zhao, Pengcheng
name: Zhang, Yi-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate identification of effective epidemic threshold is essential for understanding epidemic dynamics on complex networks. The existing studies on the effective epidemic threshold of the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model generally assume that all infected nodes immediately recover after the infection process, which more or less does not conform to the realistic situation of disease. In this paper, we systematically study the effect of arbitrary recovery rate on the SIR spreading dynamics on complex networks. We derive the theoretical effective epidemic threshold and final outbreak size based on the edge-based compartmental theory. To validate the proposed theoretical predictions, extensive numerical experiments are implemented by using asynchronous and synchronous updating methods. When asynchronous updating method is used in simulations, recovery rate does not affect the final state of spreading dynamics. But with synchronous updating, we find that the effective epidemic threshold decreases with recovery rate, and final outbreak size increases with recovery rate. A good agreement between the theoretical predictions and numerical results are observed on both synthetic and real-world networks. Our results extend the existing theoretical studies, and help us to understand the phase transition with arbitrary recovery rate.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Large Area n-Type Silicon Solar Cells with Selective Front Surface Field and Screen Printed Aluminum-Alloyed Rear Emitter
Creators: name: Book, F.
name: Wiedenmann, T.
name: Dastgheib-Shirazi, A.
name: Raabe, B.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1465-1468
description: Large area n-type silicon solar cells with a screen-printed aluminum rear side emitter are mainly
limited by their front surface recombination velocity. In order to overcome this limitation, we use an industrially
applicable etch-back process to create a selective front surface field (s-FSF). This process was developed for the
formation of a single diffusion selective emitter on p-type silicon; it generates a deep doping profile with a low
surface concentration which results in an excellent emitter saturation current and a highest independently confirmed
stable cell efficiency of 18.7% on 5” p-type Cz silicon.
In this work we focus on the applicability of this process to n-type silicon. 6” solar cells with different front side etchback
depths have been processed from n-type silicon leading to a highest efficiency of 18.5% for a s-FSF cell and an
average gain of 0.8%abs compared to cells with a homogeneous FSF. We furthermore investigate the quality of the
etch-back FSF and the screen printed alloyed emitter from different pastes by QSSPC measurements.
Pulsation-triggered mass loss from AGB stars: the 60-day critical period
Creators: name: McDonald, Iain
name: Zijlstra, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low- and intermediate-mass stars eject much of their mass during the late, red giant branch (RGB) phase of evolution. The physics of their strong stellar winds is still poorly understood. In the standard model, stellar pulsations extend the atmosphere, allowing a wind to be driven through radiation pressure on condensing dust particles. Here we investigate the onset of the wind, using nearby RGB stars drawn from the Hipparcos catalogue. We find a sharp onset of dust production when the star first reaches a pulsation period of 60 days. This approximately co-incides with the point where the star transitions to the first overtone pulsation mode. Models of the spectral energy distributions show stellar mass-loss rate suddenly increases at this point, by a factor of ~10 over the existing (chromospherically driven) wind. The dust emission is strongly correlated with both pulsation period and amplitude, indicating stellar pulsation is the main trigger for the strong mass loss, and determines the mass-loss rate. Dust emission does not strongly correlate with stellar luminosity, indicating radiation pressure on dust has little effect on the mass-loss rate. RGB stars do not normally appear to produce dust, whereas dust production by asymptotic giant branch stars appears commonplace, and is probably ubiquitous above the RGB-tip luminosity. We conclude that the strong wind begins with a step change in mass-loss rate, and is triggered by stellar pulsations. A second rapid mass-loss-rate enhancement is suggested when the star transitions to the fundamental pulsation mode, at a period of ~300 days.
description: Accepted ApJ Letters, 5 pages, 2 figures