Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
Creators: name: Planck Collaboration
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Aghanim, N.
name: Arnaud, M.
name: Ashdown, M.
name: Aubourg, E.
name: Aumont, J.
name: Baccigalupi, C.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Bartolo, N.
name: Battaner, E.
name: Benabed, K.
name: Benoit-Lévy, A.
name: Bersanelli, M.
name: Bielewicz, P.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Bonaldi, A.
name: Bonavera, L.
name: Bond, J. R.
name: Borrill, J.
name: Bouchet, F. R.
name: Burigana, C.
name: Calabrese, E.
name: Cardoso, J. -F.
name: Catalano, A.
name: Chamballu, A.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Christensen, P. R.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Colombo, L. P. L.
name: Combet, C.
name: Crill, B. P.
name: Curto, A.
name: Cuttaia, F.
name: Danese, L.
name: Davies, R. D.
name: Davis, R. J.
name: de Bernardis, P.
name: de Zotti, G.
name: Delabrouille, J.
name: Dickinson, C.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Dolag, K.
name: Donzelli, S.
name: Doré, O.
name: Douspis, M.
name: Ducout, A.
name: Dupac, X.
name: Efstathiou, G.
name: Elsner, F.
name: Enßlin, T. A.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Finelli, F.
name: Forni, O.
name: Frailis, M.
name: Fraisse, A. A.
name: Franceschi, E.
name: Frejsel, A.
name: Galeotta, S.
name: Galli, S.
name: Ganga, K.
name: Génova-Santos, R. T.
name: Giard, M.
name: Gjerløw, E.
name: González-Nuevo, J.
name: Górski, K. M.
name: Gregorio, A.
name: Gruppuso, A.
name: Hansen, F. K.
name: Harrison, D. L.
name: Henrot-Versillé, S.
name: Hernández-Monteagudo, C.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Hildebrandt, S. R.
name: Hivon, E.
name: Hobson, M.
name: Hornstrup, A.
name: Huffenberger, K. M.
name: Hurier, G.
name: Jaffe, A. H.
name: Jaffe, T. R.
name: Jones, W. C.
name: Juvela, M.
name: Keihänen, E.
name: Keskitalo, R.
name: Kitaura, F.
name: Kneissl, R.
name: Knoche, J.
name: Kunz, M.
name: Kurki-Suonio, H.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Lamarre, J. -M.
name: Lasenby, A.
name: Lattanzi, M.
name: Lawrence, C. R.
name: Leonardi, R.
name: León-Tavares, J.
name: Levrier, F.
name: Liguori, M.
name: Lilje, P. B.
name: Linden-Vørnle, M.
name: López-Caniego, M.
name: Lubin, P. M.
name: Ma, Y. -Z.
name: Macías-Pérez, J. F.
name: Maffei, B.
name: Maino, D.
name: Mak, D. S. Y.
name: Mandolesi, N.
name: Mangilli, A.
name: Maris, M.
name: Martin, P. G.
name: Martínez-González, E.
name: Masi, S.
name: Matarrese, S.
name: McGehee, P.
name: Melchiorri, A.
name: Mennella, A.
name: Migliaccio, M.
name: Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.
name: Moneti, A.
name: Montier, L.
name: Morgante, G.
name: Mortlock, D.
name: Munshi, D.
name: Murphy, J. A.
name: Naselsky, P.
name: Nati, F.
name: Natoli, P.
name: Noviello, F.
name: Novikov, D.
name: Novikov, I.
name: Oxborrow, C. A.
name: Pagano, L.
name: Pajot, F.
name: Paoletti, D.
name: Perdereau, O.
name: Perotto, L.
name: Pettorino, V.
name: Piacentini, F.
name: Piat, M.
name: Pierpaoli, E.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Polenta, G.
name: Ponthieu, N.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Puget, J. -L.
name: Puisieux, S.
name: Rachen, J. P.
name: Racine, B.
name: Reach, W. T.
name: Reinecke, M.
name: Remazeilles, M.
name: Renault, C.
name: Renzi, A.
name: Ristorcelli, I.
name: Rocha, G.
name: Rosset, C.
name: Rossetti, M.
name: Roudier, G.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: Rusholme, B.
name: Sandri, M.
name: Santos, D.
name: Savelainen, M.
name: Savini, G.
name: Scott, D.
name: Spencer, L. D.
name: Stolyarov, V.
name: Sudiwala, R.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Sutton, D.
name: Suur-Uski, A. -S.
name: Sygnet, J. -F.
name: Tauber, J. A.
name: Terenzi, L.
name: Toffolatti, L.
name: Tomasi, M.
name: Tucci, M.
name: Valenziano, L.
name: Valiviita, J.
name: Van Tent, B.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Villa, F.
name: Wade, L. A.
name: Wandelt, B. D.
name: Wang, W.
name: Wehus, I. K.
name: Yvon, D.
name: Zacchei, A.
name: Zonca, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By looking at the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ) in Planck nominal mission data, we present a significant detection of baryons participating in large-scale bulk flows around central galaxies (CGs) at redshift $z\approx 0.1$. We estimate the pairwise momentum of the kSZ temperature fluctuations at the positions of the CGC (Central Galaxy Catalogue) samples extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (DR7) data. For the foreground-cleaned maps, we find $1.8$-$2.5σ$ detections of the kSZ signal, which are consistent with the kSZ evidence found in individual Planck raw frequency maps, although lower than found in the WMAP-9yr W band ($3.3σ$). We further reconstruct the peculiar velocity field from the CG density field, and compute for the first time the cross-correlation function between kSZ temperature fluctuations and estimates of CG radial peculiar velocities. This correlation function yields a $3.0$-$3.7$$σ$ detection of the peculiar motion of extended gas on Mpc scales, in flows correlated up to distances of 80-100 $h^{-1}$ Mpc. Both the pairwise momentum estimates and kSZ temperature-velocity field correlation find evidence for kSZ signatures out to apertures of 8 arcmin and beyond, corresponding to a physical radius of $&gt; 1$ Mpc, more than twice the mean virial radius of halos. This is consistent with the predictions from hydro simulations that most of the baryons are outside the virialized halos. We fit a simple model, in which the temperature-velocity cross-correlation is proportional to the signal seen in a semi-analytic model built upon N-body simulations, and interpret the proportionality constant as an "effective" optical depth to Thomson scattering. We find $τ_T=(1.4\pm0.5)\times 10^{-4}$; the simplest interpretation of this measurement is that much of the gas is in a diffuse phase, which contributes little signal to X-ray or thermal SZ observations.
description: Current version matches accepted version in A&amp;A