cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quasinormal modes, Superradiance and Area Spectrum for 2+1 Acoustic Black Holes
Creators: name: Lepe, Samuel
name: Saavedra, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact expression for the quasinormal modes of acoustic disturbances in a rotating 2+1 dimensional sonic black hole (draining bathtub fluid flow) in the low frequency limit and evaluate the adiabatic invariant proposed by Kunstatter. We also compute,via Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule the equivalent area spectrum for this acoustic black hole, and we compute the superradiance phenomena for pure spinning 2+1 black holes.
description: 10 pages, Final version, an appendix and some references was added, accepted by Phys. Lett. B
Additional file 5 of Comparative analysis of MitraClip/TriClip and PASCAL in transcatheter tricuspid valve repair for tricuspid regurgitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Balata, Mahmoud
name: Gbreel, Mohamed Ibrahim
name: Hassan, Marwa
name: Becher, Marc Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 5
The radio pulsar population of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Titus, N.
name: Toonen, S.
name: McBride, V. A.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Buckley, D. A. H.
name: Levin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the present day, observable, normal radio pulsar population of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The pulsars are generated with SeBa, a binary population synthesis code that evolves binaries and the constituent stellar objects up to remnant formation and beyond. We define radio pulsars by selecting neutron stars that satisfy a selection of criteria defined by Galactic pulsars, and apply the detection thresholds of previous and future SMC pulsar surveys.The number of synthesised and recovered pulsars are exceptionally sensitive to the assumed star formation history and applied radio luminosity model, but is not affected extensively by the assumed common envelope model, metallicity, and neutron star kick velocity distribution. We estimate that the SMC formed (1.6$\pm$0.3)$\times 10^4$ normal pulsars during the last 100 Myrs. We study which pulsars could have been observed by the Parkes multibeam survey of the SMC, by applying the survey's specific selection effects, and recover 4.0$\pm$0.8 synthetic pulsars.This is in agreement with their five observed pulsars. We also apply a proposed MeerKAT configuration for the upcoming SMC survey, and predict that the MeerKAT survey will detect 17.2$\pm$2.5 pulsars.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Geometric and Algebraic Topological Methods in Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Giachetta, G.
name: Mangiarotti, L.
name: Sardanashvily, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last decade, the development of new ideas in quantum theory, including geometric and deformation quantization, the non-Abelian Berry factor, super- and BRST symmetries, non-commutativity, has called into play the geometric techniques based on the deep interplay between algebra, differential geometry and topology. The present book aims at being a guide to advanced differential geometric and topological methods in quantum mechanics. Their main peculiarity lies in the fact that geometry in quantum theory speaks mainly the algebraic language of rings, modules, sheaves and categories. Geometry is by no means the primary scope of the book, but it underlies many ideas in modern quantum physics and provides the most advanced schemes of quantization.
description: Preface, Contents and Bibliography, 26 pages
Resolving modular flow: a toolkit for free fermions
Creators: name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Fries, Pascal
name: Reyes, Ignacio A.
name: Simon, Christian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modular flow is a symmetry of the algebra of observables associated to spacetime regions. Being closely related to entanglement, it has played a key role in recent connections between information theory, QFT and gravity. However, little is known about its action beyond highly symmetric cases. The key idea of this work is to introduce a new formula for modular flows for free chiral fermions in $1+1$ dimensions, working directly from the \textit{resolvent}, a standard technique in complex analysis. We present novel results -- not fixed by conformal symmetry -- for disjoint regions on the plane, cylinder and torus. Depending on temperature and boundary conditions, these display different behaviour ranging from purely local to non-local in relation to the mixing of operators at spacelike separation. We find the modular two-point function, whose analytic structure is in precise agreement with the KMS condition that governs modular evolution. Our ready-to-use formulae may provide new ingredients to explore the connection between spacetime and entanglement.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures, v2: minor corrections made
Exotic Challenges
Creators: name: Praszalowicz, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We list and discuss theoretical consequences of recent discovery of $Θ^+$.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, talk at Itneranational Workshop PENTAQUARK04, Spring-8, Japan, July 20 - 23, 2004
Measuring Faithful and Plausible Visual Grounding in VQA
Creators: name: Reich, Daniel
name: Putze, Felix
name: Schultz, Tanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metrics for Visual Grounding (VG) in Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems primarily aim to measure a system's reliance on relevant parts of the image when inferring an answer to the given question. Lack of VG has been a common problem among state-of-the-art VQA systems and can manifest in over-reliance on irrelevant image parts or a disregard for the visual modality entirely. Although inference capabilities of VQA models are often illustrated by a few qualitative illustrations, most systems are not quantitatively assessed for their VG properties. We believe, an easily calculated criterion for meaningfully measuring a system's VG can help remedy this shortcoming, as well as add another valuable dimension to model evaluations and analysis. To this end, we propose a new VG metric that captures if a model a) identifies question-relevant objects in the scene, and b) actually relies on the information contained in the relevant objects when producing its answer, i.e., if its visual grounding is both "faithful" and "plausible". Our metric, called "Faithful and Plausible Visual Grounding" (FPVG), is straightforward to determine for most VQA model designs.
 We give a detailed description of FPVG and evaluate several reference systems spanning various VQA architectures. Code to support the metric calculations on the GQA data set is available on GitHub.
Finite element simulation of water cooling process of steel strips on runout table
Creators: name: Xu, Fuchang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study engages in acquiring reliable heat transfer data from experimental tests using a test facility of industrial scale for an effective FE simulation of the water cooling processes of steel strips on run-out table (ROT). General 2D FE programs are developed for the direct and inverse heat transfer analyses. Both the Flux Zoning Method (FZM) and Flux Marching Method (FMM) are proposed to specify the heat fluxes in the inverse analysis. Parametric studies have been conducted and show that the direct analysis program may produce results with a higher accuracy, and that the FZM and FZM are suitable for obtaining an accurate relationship between the heat flux and the surface temperature in the impingement zone and in the parallel zone, respectively. The direct numerical investigations show that the isothermal condition does not exist for thermocouples (TC) with separate measuring junction in the water cooling process, and that the temperature difference between the two separate TC wires is affected strongly by the conduction of the surface TC wires in the impingement zone and by the progressing speed of black zone front in the parallel zone, respectively. The numerical analyses also show that the horizontal distance between TCs should be less than 8-10 mm to warrant a real 2D inverse calculation, and that there is a minimum depth for the embedded TCs for an undisturbed surface temperature field. The inverse analysis results of experimental tests show that the heat transfer behaviour at the stagnation for stationary plates is mainly and greatly affected by the water temperature, slightly by the steel grade and hardly by water flow rate. By contrast, the cooling behaviour in the parallel zone is obviously affected by the flow rate and hardly by the water temperature. It is also found that the plate’s motion evidently reduces the heat flux magnitude. Extensive 1D simulations to the cooling processes of the steel strips on an industry ROT show that the final coiling temperatures of steel strips may be predicted with a reasonable accuracy. Also, initial studies show that 2D modellings may have modest impact on the accuracy of the coiling temperature prediction.
On the entanglement entropy for a XY spin chain
Creators: name: Peschel, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement entropy for the ground state of a XY spin chain is related to the corner transfer matrices of the triangular Ising model and expressed in closed form.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
1D CNN Based Network Intrusion Detection with Normalization on Imbalanced Data
Creators: name: Meliboev, Azizjon
name: Alikhanov, Jumabek
name: Kim, Wooseong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intrusion detection system (IDS) plays an essential role in computer networks protecting computing resources and data from outside attacks. Recent IDS faces challenges improving flexibility and efficiency of the IDS for unexpected and unpredictable attacks. Deep neural network (DNN) is considered popularly for complex systems to abstract features and learn as a machine learning technique. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach for developing the efficient and flexible IDS using one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN). Two-dimensional CNN methods have shown remarkable performance in detecting objects of images in computer vision area. Meanwhile, the 1D-CNN can be used for supervised learning on time-series data. We establish a machine learning model based on the 1D-CNN by serializing Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) packets in a predetermined time range as an invasion Internet traffic model for the IDS, where normal and abnormal network traffics are categorized and labeled for supervised learning in the 1D-CNN. We evaluated our model on UNSW\_NB15 IDS dataset to show the effectiveness of our method. For comparison study in performance, machine learning-based Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models in addition to the 1D-CNN with various network parameters and architecture are exploited. In each experiment, the models are run up to 200 epochs with a learning rate in 0.0001 on imbalanced and balanced data. 1D-CNN and its variant architectures have outperformed compared to the classical machine learning classifiers. This is mainly due to the reason that CNN has the capability to extract high-level feature representations that represent the abstract form of low-level feature sets of network traffic connections.
description: Need more polishing
Modeling of non-equilibrium effects in intermittency region between two phases
Creators: name: Wacławczyk, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 76T99

description: This paper concerns modeling of the evolution of intermittency region between two weakly miscible phases due to temporal and spatial variations of its characteristic length scale. First, the need of a more general description allowing for the evolution of intermittency region is rationalized. Afterwards, results of the previous work (Wacławczyk T., 2017, On a relation between the volume of fluid, level-set and phase field interface models, Int. J. Multiphas. Flow, Vol. 97) are discussed in context of the sharp interface models known in the literature and insight into droplet coalescence mechanism recently recognized in the molecular dynamics studies (Perumanath S., Borg M.K., Chubynsky M.V., Sprittles J.E., Reese J.M., 2019, Droplet coalescence is initiated by thermal motion, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 122). Finally, the physical and numerical models extending applicability of the equilibrium solution to the case when intermittency region could also be in the non-equilibrium state is introduced and verified in several test cases.
description: The paper accepted for publication to International Journal of Multiphase Flow
Advanced Squaddie Entrenched Garms: With Wireless Communication
Creators: name: Ramya C
name: T, Jeeva
name: Rhishinathvarma M
name: Venkatesan R
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90609 Signal Processing
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As the climatic conditions are changing rapidly, the winters are getting much colder, especially in northern region and the western region of India. Since, we built up a savvy armed force coat utilizing control media gadgets, for example, GSM/GPRS, GPS, and SENSORS in the garms. The Garms targets giving dependable wellbeing observing just as position following of officer. Some of climatically conditions are directed to. appalling passings of soldiers. This garm can automatically sense the temperature inside, outside using temperature sensors. GPS, GSM/GPRS are the models used for communication purpose. Hence, for monitoring the health and the heart rate of the soldier health monitoring equipment sensors are being establish in the garms as well.
String and M-theory Deformations of Manifolds with Special Holonomy
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Pope, C. N.
name: Stelle, K. S.
name: Townsend, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The R^4-type corrections to ten and eleven dimensional supergravity required by string and M-theory imply corrections to supersymmetric supergravity compactifications on manifolds of special holonomy, which deform the metric away from the original holonomy. Nevertheless, in many such cases, including Calabi-Yau compactifications of string theory and G_2-compactifications of M-theory, it has been shown that the deformation preserves supersymmetry because of associated corrections to the supersymmetry transformation rules, Here, we consider Spin(7) compactifications in string theory and M-theory, and a class of non-compact SU(5) backgrounds in M-theory. Supersymmetry survives in all these cases too, despite the fact that the original special holonomy is perturbed into general holonomy in each case.
description: Improved discussion of SU(5) holonomy backgrounds. Other minor typos corrected. Latex with JHEP3.cls, 42 pages
Additional file 5 of School-based healthy eating interventions for adolescents aged 10–19 years: an umbrella review
Creators: name: Samad, Nandeeta
name: Bearne, Lindsay
name: Noor, Farha Musharrat
name: Akter, Fahmida
name: Parmar, Divya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 5
On the Multiplicative Structure of Topological Hochschild Homology
Creators: name: Brun, M.
name: Fiedorowicz, Z.
name: Vogt, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P43

description: We show that the topological Hochschild homology THH(R of an E_n-ring spectrum R is an E_{n-1}-ring spectrum. The proof is based on the fact that the tensor product of the operad Ass for monoid structures and the the little n-cubes operad is an E_{n+1}-operad, a result which is of independent interest.
description: 19 pages. Revised version with complete proofs
Magnetic field generation by an inhomogeneous return current
Creators: name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation mechanism of the magnetic field in an inhomogeneous collisionless plasma with a beam component is proposed. We show that even though the current and charge neutralities are initially satisfied, the current neutrality is eventually violated if there is an inhomogeneity, so that the magnetic field is generated. By conducting ab initio two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that the magnetic field is generated as expected. The new generation mechanism of the magnetic field can play an important role in the current universe because cosmic rays can be regarded as the beam component in the astrophysical plasma. We propose that the first cosmic rays generate the magnetic field with a large scale at the redshift of z ~ 20.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Neutrino Mass from R-parity Violation in Split Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Chun, Eung Jin
name: Park, Seong Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the observed neutrino data can be accommodated by R-parity violation in Split Supersymmetry. The atmospheric neutrino mass and mixing are explained by the bilinear parameters $ξ_i$ inducing the neutrino-neutralino mixing as in the usual low-energy supersymmetry. Among various one-loop corrections, only the quark-squark exchanging diagrams involving the order-one trilinear couplings $λ'_{i23,i32}$ can generate the solar neutrino mass and mixing if the scalar mass $m_S$ is not larger than $10^9$ GeV. This scheme requires an unpleasant hierarchical structure of the couplings, e.g., $λ_{i23,i32}\sim 1$, $λ'_{i33} \lesssim 10^{-4}$ and $ξ_i \lesssim 10^{-6}$. On the other hand, the model has a distinct collider signature of the lightest neutralino which can decay only to the final states, $l_i W^{(*)}$ and $νZ^{(*)}$, arising from the bilinear mixing. Thus, the measurement of the ratio; $Γ(e W^{(*)}) : Γ(μW^{(*)}) : Γ(τW^{(*)})$ would provide a clean probe of the small reactor and large atmospheric neutrino mixing angles as far as the neutralino mass is larger than 62 GeV.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, version submitted to JHEP
The role of sport events in international tourism
Creators: name: Khanzadeh, Hamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Today, the tourism industry plays a special role in the global economy. In addition, this industry is an effective factor in the interaction of cultures and communication between nations. In order to strengthen and develop the tourism industry and achieve a good reputation and position at the international level, it is necessary to identify the different sectors of this industry and pay special attention to the more important sectors. One of these important sectors that has the potential to become a leading sector in the country's tourism is sport tourism. In this article, the concepts about sports tourism are presented and different groups of applicants are introduced. Then, the importance of sports events, which is the main subject of the coming research, is discussed and its types are introduced from various aspects. In the next section, the effects of holding sport events in the host communities are examined, and then, the motivations and factors that make sport tourists choose a destination are described. Concluding remarks also try to point out the facts about the role of sport events in the development of communities.
Propagators on One-Loop Worldsheets for Orientifolds and Intersecting Branes
Creators: name: Epple, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the one-loop propagators in superstring theory for the general case when the worldsheet fields satisfy non-trivial holonomy and/or boundary conditions. Non-trivial holonomy arises in orbifold and orientifold backgrounds whereas non-trivial boundary conditions arise in backgrounds containing D-branes of different dimensionality or D-branes intersecting each other at an angle. In our derivation, we use a generalized version of the method of images. Dihedral groups play a crucial role in constructing the one-loop propagators.
description: 27 pages, significantly extended section 3, minor changes to other sections, references added
Analyzing the leafing phenology of Quercus crispula Blume using the growing degree days model
Creators: name: Kamata, Naoto
name: Igarashi, Yuji
name: Nonaka, Keisuke
name: Ogawa, Hitomi
name: Hisatomi Kasahara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the growing degree days (GDD) model for plants, 0°C or 5°C have been empirically used as base temperature (BT) for the GDD model, without experimental determination. In this study, developmental periods for bud break and leaf opening of mizunara oak, Quercus crispula were determined by using samples from locations separated by 900 km, cut branches from central Japan and potted saplings from northern Japan. The samples from each location were then grown in growth chambers under the four constant temperatures in different years. The relationships between the developmental rate and temperature were determined, BTs were calculated by regression analyses, and the required GDDs were determined. Multiple regression was applied to compare model fittings for bud break and leaf opening. Observational data were fitted with a logistic curve to empirically determine the BT and GDD for bud break. Better fitting was obtained for bud break than for leaf opening, in the growth chamber experiment as well as in the multiple regression, probably because bud break was controlled by the GDD accumulation, while the rate of leaf opening was directly and exponentially influenced by temperature. The BT for bud break obtained by the growth chamber experiments varied from 0.09°C–4.88°C between the two locations, and also within one location by year. A large variation in the GDD accumulation was recognized in the field observation at each location. These results indicate additional environmental factors not included in the GDD calculation likely influenced the leafing phenology of Q. crispula.
Space vehicle motion recovery in presence of actuator failure
Creators: name: Karami, Mohammad Amin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Recovery control methods have been proposed to tolerate the failure of the thrusters used in the attitude control system of spacecraft. Thrusters are used, in pair, in the spacecraft control system to exert external pure torques on the spacecraft. These torques can either be directly used to perform the rotational maneuvers or can be used to remove the angular momentum built up in the momentum wheels of the spacecraft. The problem of stabilizing a spacecraft subjected to disturbance torques with control torques about two of its principal axes is addressed for the first time in this research. It has been shown that a stable equilibrium, best matching the objectives of the mission, has to be found. Two control laws have been proposed to arrive at the newly defined stable equilibrium. The first law, a nonlinear kinematic control scheme, is based on the Lyapunov method. The second law, which linearizes the system about the equilibrium point, uses the pole placement method as a kinematic controller. In both control laws, after the kinematic controller is developed, the backstepping method is used to derive the control efforts at each instance of the spacecraft corrective motion. Torque thrusters are used for momentum removal of the spacecraft momentum wheels. Malfunctioning of these thrusters therefore hinders momentum dumping process. The spinning speeds of the spacecraft momentum wheels increases by time until they become saturated and the control over the attitude of the spacecraft is lost. The momentum removal procedures using external control torques about two or even one principal axis of the spacecraft is proposed for the first time in this research. All the proposed control methods have been examined using numerical simulations and are shown to achieve desired performance.
Combining single and double parton scatterings in a parton shower
Creators: name: Cabouat, Baptiste
name: Gaunt, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double parton scattering (DPS) processes in which there is a perturbative $1\to2$ splitting in both protons overlap with loop corrections to single parton scattering (SPS). Any fundamental theoretical treatment of DPS needs to address this double-counting issue. In this paper, we augment our Monte-Carlo simulation of DPS, dShower, to be able to generate kinematic distributions corresponding to the combination SPS+DPS without double counting. To achieve this, we formulate a fully-differential version of the subtraction scheme introduced in Diehl et al. (JHEP 06 (2017) 083). A shower is attached to the subtraction term, and this is combined with the dShower DPS shower along with the usual SPS shower. We perform a proof-of-concept study of this new algorithm in the context of $\mathrm{Z}^0\mathrm{Z}^0$ production. Once the subtraction term is included, we verify that the results do not depend strongly on the artificial "DPS-SPS demarcation" scale $ν$. As part of the development of the new algorithm, we improve the kinematics of the $1\to2$ splitting in the DPS shower (and subtraction term), allowing the daughter partons to have a relative transverse momentum. Several reasonable choices for the transverse profile in the $1\to2$ splitting are studied. We find that many kinematic distributions are not strongly affected by the choice, although we do observe some differences in the region where the transverse momenta of both bosons are small.
description: 46 pages, 18 figures, 1 table
Universal acyclic resolutions for arbitrary coefficient groups
Creators: name: Levin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M10, 54F45

description: We prove that for every compactum $X$ and every integer $n \geq 2$ there are a compactum $Z$ of $\dim \leq n+1$ and a surjective $UV^{n-1}$-map $r: Z \lo X$ such that for every abelian group $G$ and every integer $k \geq 2$ such that $\dim_G X \leq k \leq n$ we have $\dim_G Z \leq k$ and $r$ is $G$-acyclic.
Exploring the Adaptive Behaviors of Particle Lenia: A Perturbation-Response Analysis for Computational Agency
Creators: name: Horibe, Kazuya
name: Suzuki, Keisuke
name: Horii, Takato
name: Ishiguro, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A firm cognitive subject or ``individual'' is presupposed for the emergence of mind. However, with the development of recent information technology, the ``individual'' has become more dispersed in society and the cognitive subject has become increasingly unstable and adaptive, necessitating an update in our understanding of the ``individual''. Autopoiesis serves as a model of the cognitive subject, which is unstable and requires effort to maintain itself to adapt to the environment. In this study, we evaluated adaptivity for a highly extensible multi-particle system model Particle Lenia through the response perturbation. As a result, we found that Particle Lenia has a particle configuration that is both temporally unstable and has multiple stable states. This result suggests that Particle Lenia can express adaptive characteristics and is expected to be used as a computational model toward building an autopoietic cognitive agent.
description: This paper has been accepted for ALIFE 2023
title: Potenzial von Alkoholen und Ethern zur Effizienzsteigerung und Schadstoffreduktion beim Einsatz als Dieselersatzkrafstoff
Creators: name: Krizan, Rudolf
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dieselersatzkraftstoffe
subject: Alkoholkraftstoffe
subject: OME
subject: DME
subject: Alternative Kraftstoffe

description: Um den Abgasvorschriften beim Dieselmotor gerecht zu werden, bilden regenerativ hergestellte Dieselersatzkraftstoffe eine nachhaltige Alternative. Im Zuge des Projekts OxyGen-2 werden eine Reihe von sauerstoffhaltigen Energieträgern untersucht, welche das Potenzial besitzen den fossilen Diesel zu ersetzen. Mit dem Ziel sowohl die Effizienz des Dieselmotors zu steigern als auch die Schadstoffentstehung zu minimieren, werden in dieser Arbeit die Alkohole Ethanol bzw. Methanol und die Ether Dimethylether bzw. Oxymethylenether auf deren Eigenschaften bei der dieselmotorischen Verbrennung untersucht.
description: In order to meet exhaust emission regulations for the diesel engine, regenerative manufactured diesel substitute fuels form a sustainable alternative. In the course of the project OxyGen-2, a number of oxygen-containing energy sources are tested, which have the potential to replace fossil diesel. With the objective of enhancing the efficiency of the diesel engine and minimizing the generation of pollutants, the alcohols ethanol, methanol and the ethers dimethyl ether respectively oxymethylene ether are tested for their properties regarding the diesel engine combustion.
Rational acyclic resolutions
Creators: name: Levin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M10, 54F45

description: Let X be a compactum such that dim_Q X < n+1, n>1. We prove that there is a Q-acyclic resolution r: Z-->X from a compactum Z of dim < n+1. This allows us to give a complete description of all the cases when for a compactum X and an abelian group G such that dim_G X < n+1, n>1 there is a G-acyclic resolution r: Z-->X from a compactum Z of dim < n+1.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-12.abs.html
Providing Incentives to Improve and Develop the Performance of Teachers
Creators: name: Dr. Suhendri, M.A.
name: Https://Orcid.Org/0000-0001-5040-372X Makruf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Guru adalah pekerjaan mulia. Dedikasi guru sangat dipengaruhi oleh insentif yang diterimanya.
Effects of component placement on patellar kinematics and loading in intraoperative and postoperative loading configurations
Creators: name: Brimacombe, Jill Maureen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Postoperative patellofemoral complications and anterior knee pain contribute to suboptimal clinical outcomes following total knee replacement (TKR). Pain and complications are thought to be related to patellar tracking and loading, and the placement of the TKR implants can influence these biomechanical parameters. Surgeons aim to improve postoperative performance of the knee by optimizing intraoperative implant placement; however, they can only judge patellofemoral mechanics intraoperatively by observing passive, unloaded knee flexion. The main purpose of our study was to compare the patellar kinematics (tilt, shift and spin) and peak patellofemoral contact forces for cadaveric specimens in testing configurations designed to simulate both passive intraoperative and loaded postoperative flexion. The goal was to rank the effects of varying the placement of the TKR implants on kinematics and forces in both testing configurations. Zimmer NexGen posterior-stabilized implants were implanted in 8 fresh-frozen adult anatomic specimen knees. The knees were cycled dynamically through flexion and extension in rigs designed to simulate intraoperative and postoperative flexion. The femoral, tibial and patellar implants were modified to allow for the following changes in placement: 1) external and internal rotation of the femoral implant 2) external and internal rotation of the tibial implant 3) 3 patellar resection angles 4) 2 mediolateral patellar positions 5) additional patellar thickness. Changes in patellar tilt and shift were moderately- to well-correlated between the intraoperative and postoperative simulations (r = 0.70 to 0.85 for tilt, r = 0.54 to 0.77 for shift). The correlation indicates that changes made intraoperatively to optimize tracking will likely result in similar changes in the postoperative knee. Spin was not correlated between simulations. No changes in peak contact force were statistically significant in either testing rig and peak contact forces were not well-correlated between simulations. It is hoped that the results and protocol of this study will be used to guide a future clinical study comparing optimal intraoperative patellar tracking and loading to optimal postoperative mechanics. We also intend to use the results of this study to assist in the development of a computer assisted surgical technique for resurfacing the patella.
Universality in Few-body Systems with Large Scattering Length
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Hammer, H. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles with short-range interactions and a large scattering length have universal low-energy properties that do not depend on the details of their structure or their interactions at short distances. In the 2-body sector, the universal properties are familiar and depend only on the scattering length a. In the 3-body sector for identical bosons, the universal properties include the existence of a sequence of shallow 3-body bound states called "Efimov states" and log-periodic dependence of scattering observables on the energy and the scattering length. The spectrum of Efimov states in the limit a -> +/- infinity is characterized by an asymptotic discrete scaling symmetry that is the signature of renormalization group flow to a limit cycle. In this review, we present a thorough treatment of universality for the system of three identical bosons and we summarize the universal information that is currently available for other 3-body systems. Our basic tools are the hyperspherical formalism to provide qualitative insights, Efimov's radial laws for deriving the constraints from unitarity, and effective field theory for quantitative calculations. We also discuss topics on the frontiers of universality, including its extension to systems with four or more particles and the systematic calculation of deviations from universality.
description: 219 pages, 58 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Reports, erroneous footnote on p. 200 removed
Extensions of maps to the projective plane
Creators: name: Dydak, Jerzy
name: Levin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M10, 54F45

description: It is proved that for a 3-dimensional compact metrizable space X the infinite real projective space is an absolute extensor of X if and only if the real projective plane is an absolute extensor of X.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-69.abs.html
Ab-initio electron transport calculations of carbon based string structures
Creators: name: Tongay, S.
name: Senger, R. T.
name: Dag, S.
name: Ciraci, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations show that monatomic strings of carbon have high cohesive energy and axial strength, and exhibit stability even at high temperatures. Due to their flexibility and reactivity, carbon chains are suitable for structural and chemical functionalizations; they form also stable ring, helix, grid and network structures. Analysis of electronic conductance of various infinite, finite and doped string structures reveal fundamental and technologically interesting features. Changes in doping and geometry give rise to dramatic variations in conductance. In even-numbered linear chains strain induces substantial decrease of conductance. The double covalent bonding of carbon atoms underlies their unusual chemical, mechanical and transport properties.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Low-lying magnon excitations in integer-spin ladders and tubes
Creators: name: Sato, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider low-energy excitation structures of N-leg integer-spin ladder and tube systems with an antiferromagnetic (AF) intrachain coupling and a uniform external field. The tube means the ladder with the periodic boundary condition along the interchain (rung) direction. Odd-leg AF-rung tubes have the frustration. In order to analyze all systems including frustrated tubes, we apply a field-theoretical method based on the nonlinear sigma model. We mainly focus on the systems without any external fields. In this case, it is shown that the lowest bands of frustrated tubes always consist of six-fold degenerate magnon excitations, while those of all other systems are triply degenerate. This result implies that the ground states of frustrated tubes (all non-frustrated systems) become a two (one)-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, when a sufficiently strong uniform field is applied.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, published version (Proceedings of ISSP-9). See also cond-mat/0506049
Geospatial Data Infrastructure Components Deployed for LTER -Europe Researchers’ Community
Creators: name: Kliment, Tomáš
name: Carrara, P.
name: Oggioni, A.
name: Kliment, Tomáš
name: Carrara, P.
name: Oggioni, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Geospatial data infrastructure (GDI)
subject: metadata
subject: observations
subject: LTER Network
subject: DEIMS
subject: INSPIRE
subject: Sensor Observation Service (SOS).

description: Assessing the status and trends of the environment requires the collection, management and publication of spatially referred observations. Since many years, Long-Term Ecological Research sites in Europe collect ecological data, resulting in long-term data series. Nowadays, advanced software tools can enable discovering, accessing, and distributing collected data in a user friendly way. Based on Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards, Web based Geographic Information System allows access to interoperable distributed repositories of observations. The present paper gives an overview of the methods and solutions proposed and tested in the LIFE+ project EnvEurope for the community of researchers of the Long-Term Ecosystem Research (LTER) Network in Europe. These solutions consist in a straightforward online environment for metadata management and discovery, shaped on the ecological community and its practices; components of a Spatial Data Infrastructure including both a network of repositories deploying observations via OGC SOS (Sensor Observation Service) services and Web user interfaces to access and visualize them. The success of the presented approach is linked to the development and availability of easy to define, ready to use tools, enabling site managers to create their own repositories and services.
Single-shot non-Gaussian Measurements for Optical Phase Estimation
Creators: name: DiMario, M. T.
name: Becerra, F. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimation of the properties of a physical system with minimal uncertainty is a central task in quantum metrology. Optical phase estimation is at the center of many metrological tasks where the value of a physical parameter is mapped to the phase of an electromagnetic field, and single-shot measurements of this phase are necessary. While there are measurements able to estimate the phase of light in a single shot with small uncertainties, demonstrations of near-optimal single-shot measurements for an unknown phase of a coherent state remain elusive. Here, we propose and demonstrate strategies for single-shot measurements for ab initio phase estimation of coherent states that surpass the sensitivity limit of heterodyne measurement and approach the Cramer-Rao lower bound for coherent states. These single-shot estimation strategies are based on real-time optimization of coherent displacement operations, single photon counting with photon number resolution, and fast feedback. We show that our demonstration of these optimized estimation strategies surpasses the heterodyne limit for a wide range of optical powers without correcting for detection efficiency with a moderate number of adaptive measurement steps. This is, to our knowledge, the most sensitive single-shot measurement of an unknown phase encoded in optical coherent states.
description: 9 pages (5 + 4 supplementary), 6 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. Letters
Electronic and Vibrational Excitations on the Surface of the Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator Bi$_2$Te$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ (x = 0, 2, 3)
Creators: name: Lee, A.
name: Kung, H. -H.
name: Wang, Xueyun
name: Cheong, S. -W.
name: Blumberg, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study surface states in the three-dimensional topological insulators Bi$_2$Te$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ (x = 0, 2, 3) by polarization resolved resonant Raman spectroscopy. By tracking the spectral intensity of the surface phonon modes with respect to the incident photon energy, we show that the surface phonons are qualitatively similar to their bulk counterparts. Using the resonant Raman excitation profile, we estimated the binding energy of the surface conduction bands relative to bulk conduction bands. In addition, we selectively excite the surface-to-bulk electronic continuum near the Fermi energy in Bi$_2$Se$_3$ to determine the strength of Fano interaction between the most prominent surface phonon and the surface-to-bulk continuum.
A 156
Creators: name: Khanzadeh, Hamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Today, the tourism industry plays a special role in the global economy. In addition, this industry is an effective factor in the interaction of cultures and communication between nations. In order to strengthen and develop the tourism industry and achieve a good reputation and position at the international level, it is necessary to identify the different sectors of this industry and pay special attention to the more important sectors. One of these important sectors that has the potential to become a leading sector in the country's tourism is sport tourism. In this article, the concepts about sports tourism are presented and different groups of applicants are introduced. Then, the importance of sports events, which is the main subject of the coming research, is discussed and its types are introduced from various aspects. In the next section, the effects of holding sport events in the host communities are examined, and then, the motivations and factors that make sport tourists choose a destination are described. Concluding remarks also try to point out the facts about the role of sport events in the development of communities.
Discovery of a New Low-Latitude Milky Way Globular Cluster using GLIMPSE
Creators: name: Kobulnicky, Chip
name: Monson, A. J.
name: Buckalew, B. A
name: Darnel, J. M.
name: Uzpen, B.
name: Whitney, B. A.
name: Indebetouw, R.
name: Babler, B. L.
name: Meade, M. R.
name: Watson, C.
name: Churchwell, E.
name: Wolff, M. J.
name: Wolfire, M. G.
name: Clemens, D. P.
name: Shah, R.
name: Bania, T. M.
name: Benjamin, R. A.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Devine, K. E.
name: Dickey, J. M.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Jackson, J. M.
name: Marston, A. P.
name: Mathis, J. S.
name: Mercer, E. P.
name: Stauffer, J. R.
name: Stolovy, S. R.
name: Norris, J. P.
name: Kutyrev, A.
name: Canterna, R.
name: Pierce, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spitzer Space Telescope imaging as part of the Galactic Legacy Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) reveals a previously unidentified low-latitude rich star cluster near l=31.3 degrees, b=-0.1 degrees. Near-infrared JHK' photometry from the Wyoming Infrared Observatory indicates an extinction of A_V ~ 15+/-3 mag for cluster members. Analysis of 13CO features along the same sightline suggests a probable kinematic distance of 3.1 -- 5.2 kpc. The new cluster has an angular diameter of ~1-2 pc, a total magnitude m_{K_0}=2.1 corrected for extinction, and a luminosity of M_K ~ -10.3 at 3.1 kpc. In contrast to young massive Galactic clusters with ages <100 Myr, the new cluster has no significant radio emission. Comparison to theoretical K-band luminosity functions indicates an age of at least several Gyr and a mass of at least 10^5 solar masses. Unlike known old open clusters, this new cluster lies in the inner Galaxy at R_{GC} ~ 6.1 kpc. We designate this object ``GLIMPSE-C01'' and classify it as a Milky Way globular cluster passing through the Galactic disk. We also identify a region of star formation and fan-shaped outflows from young stellar objects in the same field as the cluster. The cluster's passage through the Galactic molecular layer may have triggered this star formation activity.
description: Accepted for Publication in AJ Report with full resolution images available at http://physics.uwyo.edu/~chip/Glob