cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: China's Presence in Developing Countries' Technology Basket: The Case of Furniture Manufacturing in Kenya
Creators: name: Atta-Ankomah, Richmond
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2014

description: China has emerged as the leading source of capital goods for Kenya and Sub Saharan Africa as a whole, which before the noughties depended largely on advanced countries for capital goods. Thus, there is a disruption of the pattern of technology transfer to Sub Saharan Africa including Kenya. A significant aspect of this disruption is that the capital goods are being produced within a developing country context (China) and for other developing countries. This issue motivated this research, which contributes to the literature by exploring the potential impact of Chinese technologies (capital goods) on the development of other developing countries vis-à-vis the impact of technologies from advanced countries and the domestic economy. The study used both qualitative and quantitative research approaches and data from Kenya’s furniture manufacturing firms, including both formal and informal sector firms. It was found that the technologies from China (and also Kenya) are more amenable for inclusive industrial development especially with respect to employment creation and poverty reduction. These technologies are more labour intensive, compared to the advanced country technologies. They allow poor entrepreneurs to start their own businesses with a relatively high degree of automation, which they would not be able to afford if the only available technology were the technology from advanced countries. They are also pro-poor in terms of producing goods to meet the consumption needs of the poor. It was also found that the diffusion of the Chinese technology is higher among informal sector firms than among formal sector firms. However, the Chinese technology is less common than the Kenyan technology in the informal sector while the formal sector firms mainly rely on the advanced country technology. All the three technologies are transferred/ diffused mainly through arm’s length trade. The fact that the Chinese and Kenyan technologies yield a more inclusive development outcome than those from advanced countries indicates that industrial policies for developing countries should take into consideration the critical issue of technology choice.
Timelike Minimal Surfaces via Loop Groups
Creators: name: Inoguchi, Jun-ichi
name: Toda, Magdalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 58E20, 22E67

description: We study manifolds with split-complex structure and apply some general results to the study of Lorentz surfaces. In particular, we apply our results to timelike minimal immersions. The conformal realization of these surfaces is obtained using a representation based on loop groups. The classical Weierstrass representation (integral formula) is recovered as a byproduct of this general setting.
description: 43 pages, 3 figures
Magneto-thermal transport implies an incoherent Hall conductivity
Creators: name: Amoretti, Andrea
name: Brattan, Daniel K.
name: Magnoli, Nicodemo
name: Scanavino, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider magnetohydrodynamics with an external magnetic field. We find that in general one must allow for a non-zero incoherent Hall conductivity to correctly describe the DC longitudinal and Hall thermal conductivities beyond order zero in the magnetic field expansion. We apply our result to the dyonic black hole, determining the incoherent Hall conductivity in that case, and additionally prove that the existence of this transport coefficient leads to a significantly better match between the hydrodynamic and AC thermo-electric correlators.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures; v3: introduction and conclusions clarified, version to appear in JHEP
Rectangular loops and rectangular quasigroups
Creators: name: Kinyon, Michael K.
name: Phillips, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05; 20M99; 68T15

description: We solve two problems posed by Krapež by finding a basis of seven independent axioms for the variety of rectangular loops. Six of these axioms form a basis for the variety of rectangular quasigroups. The proofs of the lemmas showing that the six axioms are sufficient are based on proofs generated by the automated reasoning program OTTER, while most of the models verifying the independence of the axioms were generated by the finite model builder Mace4.
description: 5 pages, AMS-LaTeX; v.2: minor corrections of proofs; v.3: added section discussing use of automated reasoning, other minor changes at request of referees
A comparison study of deep Galerkin method and deep Ritz method for elliptic problems with different boundary conditions
Creators: name: Chen, Jingrun
name: Du, Rui
name: Wu, Keke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent years have witnessed growing interests in solving partial differential equations by deep neural networks, especially in the high-dimensional case. Unlike classical numerical methods, such as finite difference method and finite element method, the enforcement of boundary conditions in deep neural networks is highly nontrivial. One general strategy is to use the penalty method. In the work, we conduct a comparison study for elliptic problems with four different boundary conditions, i.e., Dirichlet, Neumann, Robin, and periodic boundary conditions, using two representative methods: deep Galerkin method and deep Ritz method. In the former, the PDE residual is minimized in the least-squares sense while the corresponding variational problem is minimized in the latter. Therefore, it is reasonably expected that deep Galerkin method works better for smooth solutions while deep Ritz method works better for low-regularity solutions. However, by a number of examples, we observe that deep Ritz method can outperform deep Galerkin method with a clear dependence of dimensionality even for smooth solutions and deep Galerkin method can also outperform deep Ritz method for low-regularity solutions. Besides, in some cases, when the boundary condition can be implemented in an exact manner, we find that such a strategy not only provides a better approximate solution but also facilitates the training process.
description: Accepted by Communications in Mathematical Research
A wood inventory and dendroecological analysis of large woody debris in small streams in the foothills model forest, Hinton, Alberta
Creators: name: Powell, Sonya Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research explores large woody debris (LWD) dynamics in five 100-year old lodgepole pine-dominated and five > 100 year old spruce-dominated riparian forests of the Foothills Model Forest in west-central Alberta. The objectives of my research were (l) quantify the abundance and type of in-stream LWD in mature pine and spruce forests, (2) determine ages of in-stream LWD using tree-ring methods, (3) compare ages of LWD to the age structure of canopy trees to determine how disturbance and stand dynamics contribute to recruitment, and (4) quantify rates of decay and residence times by testing for differences in LWD abundance and volume among sites and among decay and position classes. To identify spatial aspects of LWD generation, I conducted a census of LWD within a 50m reach at each study site. Individual logs ranged from 0.01 to 0.88m³ ; total log volumes were 6.62 to 41.35 m³ per ha. For both pine and spruce, log volume decreased significantly between position classes and decay class for both species, largely due to change in the length of logs between classes. To identify temporal aspects of LWD generation, a dendroecological analysis was conducted. Two major disturbance types generated large woody debris in mature riparian forests. Lodgepole pine-dominated stands established ca. 1890 to 1900 after fires. During canopy closure, ca. 40 years after stand initiation, a pulse of tree mortality generated LWD. At the spruce-dominated sites, canopy trees established between 1730 and 1910. These stands were in later stages of stand development and within-stand disturbances generated LWD during the 1900s. I successfully estimated the year of death of 180 logs; 56% of estimates were high quality estimates from samples that included bark andlor sapwood. The age of LWD increased significantly with decay and position classes. The oldest LWD of lodgepole pine, white spruce and black spruce were 82, 137 and 80 years, respectively. Given the longevity of LWD, I conclude that management decisions that alter the abundance and rate of recruitment of LWD into streams have long-term implications for the structure and dynamics of riparian environments as well as in-stream habitat and biodiversity.
Automatic Feynman diagram generation for nonlinear optical spectroscopies
Creators: name: Rose, Peter A.
name: Krich, Jacob J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative nonlinear optical spectroscopies are powerful methods to understand the dynamics of excitonic and other condensed phase systems. Feynman diagrams have long provided the essential tool to understand and interpret experimental spectra and to organize the calculation of spectra for model systems. When optical pulses are strictly time ordered, only a small number of diagrams contribute, but in many experiments pulse-overlap effects are important for interpreting results. When pulses overlap, the number of contributing diagrams can increase rapidly, especially with higher order spectroscopies, and human error is especially likely when attempting to write down all of the diagrams. We present an automated Diagram Generator (DG) that generates all of the Feynman diagrams needed to calculate any $n^{\text{th}}$-order spectroscopic signal. We characterize all perturbative nonlinear spectroscopies by their associated phase-discrimination condition as well as the time intervals where pulse amplitudes are nonzero. Although the DG can be used to automate impulsive calculations, its greatest strength lies in automating finite pulse calculations where pulse overlaps are important. We consider third-order transient absorption spectroscopy and fifth-order exciton-exciton interaction 2D (EEI2D) spectroscopy, which are respectively described by 6 or 7 diagrams in the impulsive limit but 16 or 240 diagrams, respectively, when pulses overlap. The DG allows users to automatically include all relevant diagrams at relatively low computational cost, since the extra diagrams are only generated for the inter-pulse delays where they are relevant. For EEI2D spectroscopy, we show the important effects of including the overlap diagrams.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Common biochemical properties of metabolic genes recurrently dysregulated in tumors
Creators: name: Krishnadev Oruganty
name: Campit, Scott Edward
name: Sainath Mamde
name: Lyssiotis, Costas A.
name: Chandrasekaran, Sriram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. MetOncoFit predictions for gliomas. Figure S2. MetOncoFit predictions for colorectal cancer. Figure S3. MetOncoFit predictions for B-cell Lymphoma. Figure S4. MetOncoFit predictions for ovarian cancer. Figure S5. MetOncoFit predictions for prostate cancer. Figure S6. MetOncoFit predictions for renal cancer. Figure S7. MetOncoFit correctly predicts upregulation of RRM2. Figure S8. Gain in copy number for metabolic genes in the urea cycle is a recurring metabolic rewiring strategy in NSCLC. Figure S9. Incorporating TCGA gene expression fold change into the cancer models improves MetOncoFit’s predictive performance for copy number variation. Figure S10. Integrating TCGA fold change expression and copy number gain/loss ratios improve MetOncoFit predictions for cancer patient survival.
title: 01_2458
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: A new user interface for musical timbre design
Creators: name: Seago, Allan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2009

description: This thesis characterises and addresses problems and issues associated with the design of intuitive user interfaces for timbral control. The usability of a range of synthesis methods and representative implementations of these methods is assessed, and three interface architectures - fixed architecture, architecture specification and direct specification - are identified. The characteristics of each of these architectures, as well as problems of usability inherent to each of them are discussed; it is argued that none of them provide intuitive tools for the manipulation and control of timbre. The study examines the nature of timbre and the notion of timbre space; different kinds of timbre space are considered and criteria are proposed for the selection of suitable timbre spaces as vehicles for synthesis. A number of listening tests, designed to demonstrate the feasibility of subsequent work, were devised and carried out; the results of these tests provide evidence that, where Euclidean distances between sounds located in a given timbre space are reflected in perceptual distances, the ability of subjects to detect relative distances in different parts of the space varies with the perceptual granularity of the space. Three contrasting timbre spaces conforming to the proposed criteria for use in synthesis are constructed; the purpose of these spaces is to provide an environment for a novel user interaction approach for timbral design which incorporates a search strategy based on weighted centroid localization. Two prototypes which exemplify the proposed approach in alternative ways are designed, implemented and tested with potential users in order to validate the approach; a third contrasting prototype which represents a simple contrasting alternative is tested for purposes of comparison. The results of these tests are evaluated and discussed, and areas of further work identified.
Stochastic series expansion algorithm for the S=1/2 XY model with four-site ring exchange
Creators: name: Melko, Roger G.
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a stochastic series expansion (SSE) quantum Monte Carlo method for a two-dimensional S=1/2 XY-model (or, equivalently, hard-core bosons at half-filling) which in addition to the standard pair interaction J includes a four-particle term K that flips spins on a square plaquette. The model has three ordered ground state phases; for K/J<8 it has long-range xy spin order (superfluid bosons), for K/J>15 it has staggered spin order in the z direction (charge-density-wave), and between these phases it is in a state with columnar order in the bond and plaquette energy densities. We discuss an implementation of directed-loop updates for the SSE simulations of this model and also introduce a "multi-branch" cluster update which significantly reduces the autocorrelation times for large K/J. In addition to the pure J-K model, which in the z basis has only off-diagonal terms, we also discuss modifications of the algorithm needed when various diagonal interactions are included.
description: 23 pages, 21 figures
Pulsar Wind Nebulae in EGRET Error Boxes
Creators: name: Roberts, Mallory S. E.
name: Brogan, Crystal L.
name: Gaensler, Bryan M.
name: Hessels, Jason W. T.
name: Ng, C. -Y.
name: Romani, Roger W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable number of pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) are coincident with EGRET gamma-ray sources. X-ray and radio imaging studies of unidentified EGRET sources have resulted in the discovery of at least 6 new pulsar wind nebulae (PWN). Stationary PWN (SPWN) appear to be associated with steady EGRET sources with hard spectra, typical for gamma-ray pulsars. Their toroidal morphologies can help determine the geometry of the pulsar which is useful for constraining models of pulsed gamma-ray emission. Rapidly moving PWN (RPWN) with more cometary morphologies seem to be associated with variable EGRET sources in regions where the ambient medium is dense compared to what is typical for the ISM.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "The Multiwavelength Approach to Unidentified Sources", ed. G. Romero & K.S. Cheng
Asymptotic behavior of small solutions for the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations
Creators: name: Stefanov, A.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show decay estimates for the propagator of the discrete Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations in the form $\norm{U(t)f}{l^\infty}\leq C (1+|t|)^{-d/3}\norm{f}{l^1}$. This implies a corresponding (restricted) set of Strichartz estimates. Applications of the latter include the existence of excitation thresholds for certain regimes of the parameters and the decay of small initial data for relevant $l^p$ norms. The analytical decay estimates are corroborated with numerical results.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 14 of Furosemide stress test as a predictive marker of acute kidney injury progression or renal replacement therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jia-Jin Chen
name: Chih-Hsiang Chang
name: Yen-Ta Huang
name: Kuo, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14. GRADE Evidence and Summary of Findings Table.
Efficient numerical method for predicting nonlinear optical spectroscopies of open systems
Creators: name: Rose, Peter A.
name: Krich, Jacob J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear optical spectroscopies are powerful tools for probing quantum dynamics in molecular and nanoscale systems. While intuition about ultrafast spectroscopies is often built by considering impulsive optical pulses, actual experiments have finite-duration pulses, which can be important for interpreting and predicting experimental results. We present a new freely available open source method for spectroscopic modeling, called Ultrafast Ultrafast (UF$^2$) Spectroscopy, which enables computationally efficient and convenient prediction of nonlinear spectra, including treatment of arbitrary finite duration pulse shapes. UF$^2$ is a Fourier-based method that requires diagonalization of the Liouvillian propagator of the system density matrix. We also present a Runge-Kutta Euler (RKE) direct propagation method. We include open-systems dynamics in the secular Redfield, full Redfield, and Lindblad formalisms with Markovian baths. For non-Markovian systems, the degrees of freedom corresponding to memory effects are brought into the system and treated nonperturbatively. We analyze the computational complexity of the algorithms and demonstrate numerically that, including the cost of diagonalizing the propagator, UF$^2$ is 20-200 times faster than the direct propagation method for secular Redfield models with arbitrary Hilbert space dimension; that it is similarly faster for full Redfield models at least up to system dimensions where the propagator requires more than 20 GB to store; and that for Lindblad models it is faster up to dimension near 100, with speedups for small systems by factors of over 500. UF$^2$ and RKE are part of a larger open source Ultrafast Software Suite, which includes tools for automatic generation and calculation of Feynman diagrams.
description: 16 pages, 5 Figures
Additional file 13 of Furosemide stress test as a predictive marker of acute kidney injury progression or renal replacement therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jia-Jin Chen
name: Chih-Hsiang Chang
name: Yen-Ta Huang
name: Kuo, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 13. Registered PROSPERO review protocol.
title: 03_0035
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
EMH: Extended Mixing H-index centrality for identification important users in social networks based on neighborhood diversity
Creators: name: Lu, Pengli
name: Dong, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid expansion of social network provides a suitable platform for users to deliver messages. Through the social network, we can harvest resources and share messages in a very short time. The developing of social network has brought us tremendous conveniences. However, nodes that make up the network have different spreading capability, which are constrained by many factors, and the topological structure of network is the principal element. In order to calculate the importance of nodes in network more accurately, this paper defines the improved H-index centrality (IH) according to the diversity of neighboring nodes, then uses the cumulative centrality (MC) to take all neighboring nodes into consideration, and proposes the extended mixing H-index centrality (EMH). We evaluate the proposed method by Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model and monotonicity which are used to assess accuracy and resolution of the method, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the existing measures of identifying nodes in different networks.
title: Computation with Curved Shapes: Towards Freeform Shape Generation in Design
Creators: name: Jowers, Iestyn
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: Shape computations are a formal representation that specify particular aspects of the design process with reference to form. They are defined according to shape grammars, where manipulations of pictorial representations of designs are formalised by shapes and rules applied to those shapes. They have frequently been applied in architecture in order to formalise the stylistic properties of a given corpus of designs, and also to generate new designs within those styles. However, applications in more general design fields have been limited. This is largely due to the initial definitions of the shape grammar formalism which are restricted to rectilinear shapes composed of lines, planes or solids. In architecture such shapes are common but in many design fields, for example industrial design, shapes of a more freeform nature are prevalent. Accordingly, the research described in this thesis is concerned with extending the applicability of the shape grammar formalism such that it enables computation with freeform shapes. Shape computations utilise rules in order to manipulate subshapes of a design within formal algebras. These algebras are specified according to embedding properties and have previously been defined for rectilinear shapes. In this thesis the embedding properties of freeform shapes are explored and the algebras are extended in order to formalise computations with such shapes. Based on these algebras, shape operations are specified and algorithms are introduced that enable the application of rules to shapes composed of freeform B´ezier curves. Implementation of the algorithms enables the application of shape grammars to shapes of a more freeform nature than was previously possible. Within this thesis shape grammar implementations are introduced in order to explore both theoretical issues that arise when considering computation with freeform shapes and practical issues concerning the application of shape computation as a model for design and as a mode for generating freeform shapes.
Deviations from early--time quasilinear behaviour for the quantum kicked rotor near the classical limit
Creators: name: Sadgrove, Mark
name: Mullins, Terry
name: Parkins, Scott
name: Leonhardt, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental measurements of the mean energy for the atom optics kicked rotor after just two kicks. The energy is found to deviate from the quasi--linear value for small kicking periods. The observed deviation is explained by recent theoretical results which include the effect of a non--uniform initial momentum distribution, previously applied only to systems using much colder atoms than ours.
Influence of pulping conditions on the pulp yield and fiber properties for pulping of spruce chips by deep eutectic solvent
Creators: name: Pérez, Alan
name: Roy, Yagnaseni
name: Rip, Constantijn
name: Kersten, Sascha R. A.
name: Schuur, Boelo
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540 - Chemie

description: The chemical pulping of wood chips using deep eutectic solvents (DES-pulping) has emerged as an alternative technology to conventional pulping in the paper industry, allowing the production of pulp in combination with the recovery of lignin and sugars for valorization. A challenge in the development of this technology is the understanding of how the operating conditions influence the crucial pulp manufacturing parameters such as delignification percentage, pulp yield, and fiber quality. This work is focused on investigating the effect of operating conditions such as cooking temperature, cooking time, liquor-to-wood ratio, initial water content on DES, type of mixing, the addition of a pre-treatment step (pre-impregnation of DES into the wood chips) to cooking process, and DES composition (lactic acid:choline chloride, lactic acid:sodium chloride, and lactic acid:sodium bromide) on the cooking of wood chips by DES. A shortcut quality evaluation parameter (Q), defined as the product of the fiber length and the degree of delignification quantified the quality of the pulping process in a single value, shows values similar to a reference unbleached kraft pulp for cooking at 130 °C in a range of cooking times from 3 to 4.5 h at a L/W of 10:1 by using lactic acid:choline chloride DES. More elaborate property analysis on the fibers showed that several of the the quality-indicating properties of the fibers (coarseness, shape factor, fibril area, and crill index) are comparable with typical sulfite pulping fibers.
Linearly Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates: From Rabi Oscillations and Quasi-Periodic Solutions to Oscillating Domain Walls and Spiral Waves
Creators: name: Deconinck, B.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Nistazakis, H. E.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, an exact unitary transformation is examined that allows for the construction of solutions of coupled nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equations with additional linear field coupling, from solutions of the problem where this linear coupling is absent. The most general case where the transformation is applicable is identified. We then focus on the most important special case, namely the well-known Manakov system, which is known to be relevant for applications in Bose-Einstein condensates consisting of different hyperfine states of $^{87}$Rb. In essence, the transformation constitutes a distributed, nonlinear as well as multi-component generalization of the Rabi oscillations between two-level atomic systems. It is used here to derive a host of periodic and quasi-periodic solutions including temporally oscillating domain walls and spiral waves.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. A (in press)
Additional file 12 of Furosemide stress test as a predictive marker of acute kidney injury progression or renal replacement therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jia-Jin Chen
name: Chih-Hsiang Chang
name: Yen-Ta Huang
name: Kuo, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12. Supplemental Document.
Using a Game-Like Task as an Assessment of Concept Formation in Children
Creators: name: Marasli, Pinar
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: concept formation
abstraction
gamification
child
neuropsychology
assessment

description: This study aimed to develop Pavitt’s (2017) newly developed game-based measure of concept formation and provide a practical scoring system for the Alien Game, with neurotypical children aged 8 to 11 years. Cross-sectional correlational design was used to compare the performance of participants on the Alien Game to established measures of concept formation (i.e., WISC-IV Similarities and Matrix Reasoning) and objective measure of executive function in everyday behaviour (i.e., Childhood Executive Function Inventory). Spearman’s rank correlations indicated that the Alien Game was found to be a valid measure of non-verbal abstract reasoning. There were no associations found between the objective measure of adaptive function. There were also no group differences found based on sex and language. The Game was rated highly enjoyable by participants, and suggestions were made regarding how the game could be developed further. Results suggest that the updated Alien Game has the potential to be a suitable measure of concept formation for young children. Future research could develop the Alien Game based on the ideas given by the participants, and aim to recruit a more diverse sample of children with varying abilities.
Hybrid Actuator Design for a Gait Augmentation Wearable
Creators: name: Wan, Fang
name: Wang, Zheng
name: Franchuk, Brooke
name: Hu, Xinyao
name: Sun, Zhenglong
name: Song, Chaoyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a fluidic actuator design that replaces the sealed chamber of a hydraulic cylinder using a soft actuator to provide compliant linear compression with a large force ($\geq$100 N) at a low operation pressure ($\leq$50 kPa) for a lower-limb wearable. The external shells constrain the deformation of the soft actuator under fluidic pressurization. This enables us to use latex party balloons as a quick and cheap alternative for initial design investigation. We found that the forces exerted by the soft material deformation are well-captured by the rigid shells, removing the necessity of explicitly describing the mechanics of the soft material deformation and its interaction with the rigid structure. One can use the classical Force, Pressure and Area formula factored with an efficiency parameter to characterize the actuator performance. Furthermore, we proposed an engineering design of the hybrid actuator using a customized soft actuator placed inside a single shell cavity with an open end for the compression force. Our results show that the proposed design can generate a very high force within a short stroke distance. At a low input pressure of 50 kPa, the exerted block force is approaching only about 3\% less than the classical equation predicted. The actuator is fitted to a new gait augmentation design for correcting knee alignment, which is usually challenging for actuators made from the purely soft material.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, published at IEEE ROBIO 2017
Towards carbon neutrality : possibilities for North America’s suburban residential developments
Creators: name: Miller, Nicole Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The objective of the thesis Towards Carbon Neutrality: Possibilities for North America’s Suburban Residential Developments is to develop a process by which an existing suburban residential development can be analysed for its potential to accept retrofit strategies towards the goal of meeting challenging sustainability targets. As a vehicle for this investigation, the thesis examines a representative residential subdivision and its ability to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, proposing that more demanding, sustainability-based goals like emissions mitigation are attainable in contemporary suburban developments. Following a review of suburban history and values and an examination of current building and community design strategies which affect energy consumption and emissions, the thesis assesses the existing conditions of the selected neighbourhood, a residential development in the Fleetwood district of Surrey, British Columbia, and describes both its physical qualities and its various contributions to carbon emissions in order to create a baseline for the study. The thesis then concentrates on developing a range of targets, "solution spaces," and scenarios in order to fully depict the design possibilities available to a given development. By working with a scenario-based approach, the thesis provides a platform for the discussion of multiple strategies and a range of emission reduction goals. As a basis for scenario development, the thesis recognises and addresses two commonly cited "barriers" to residential retrofit projects: multiple, private owners and a resistance to change in many existing suburban communities. The development of four different retrofit scenarios supports the conclusion that the study area and developments like it have the capacity to mitigate a substantial portion of their per capita greenhouse gas emissions through neighbourhood retrofits under a variety of contexts and suggests that other sustainability targets could also be successfully achieved in existing suburban conditions. The method of analysis and scenario-building described by the thesis has additional value as a useful and replicable strategy for target setting and sustainability planning in a community setting.
Additional file 11 of Furosemide stress test as a predictive marker of acute kidney injury progression or renal replacement therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jia-Jin Chen
name: Chih-Hsiang Chang
name: Yen-Ta Huang
name: Kuo, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11. Supplemental Tables.
Localization of nonlinear excitations in curved waveguides
Creators: name: Gaididei, Yu. B.
name: Christiansen, P. L.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Buttner, H.
name: Bishop, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the example of a curved waveguide embedded in a photonic crystal, we examine the effects of geometry in a ``quantum channel'' of parabolic form. We study the linear case and derive exact as well as approximate expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the linear problem. We then proceed to the nonlinear setting and its stationary states in a number of limiting cases that allow for analytical treatment. The results of our analysis are used as initial conditions in direct numerical simulations of the nonlinear problem and localized excitations are found to persist, as well as to have interesting relaxational dynamics. Analogies of the present problem in contexts related to atomic physics and particularly to Bose-Einstein condensation are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Health-related quality of life among community-dwelling people aged 80 years and over: a cross-sectional study in France
Creators: name: Jalenques, Isabelle
name: Rondepierre, Fabien
name: Rachez, Chloé
name: Lauron, Sophie
name: Guiguet-Auclair, Candy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: Health problems self-reported by the participants according to the ICD-10 classification
DeepSOCIAL: Social Distancing Monitoring and Infection Risk Assessment in COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Rezaei, Mahdi
name: Azarmi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social distancing is a recommended solution by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to minimise the spread of COVID-19 in public places. The majority of governments and national health authorities have set the 2-meter physical distancing as a mandatory safety measure in shopping centres, schools and other covered areas. In this research, we develop a hybrid Computer Vision and YOLOv4-based Deep Neural Network model for automated people detection in the crowd in indoor and outdoor environments using common CCTV security cameras. The proposed DNN model in combination with an adapted inverse perspective mapping (IPM) technique and SORT tracking algorithm leads to a robust people detection and social distancing monitoring. The model has been trained against two most comprehensive datasets by the time of the research the Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO) and Google Open Image datasets. The system has been evaluated against the Oxford Town Centre dataset with superior performance compared to three state-of-the-art methods. The evaluation has been conducted in challenging conditions, including occlusion, partial visibility, and under lighting variations with the mean average precision of 99.8% and the real-time speed of 24.1 fps. We also provide an online infection risk assessment scheme by statistical analysis of the Spatio-temporal data from people's moving trajectories and the rate of social distancing violations. The developed model is a generic and accurate people detection and tracking solution that can be applied in many other fields such as autonomous vehicles, human action recognition, anomaly detection, sports, crowd analysis, or any other research areas where the human detection is in the centre of attention.
Management and rehabilitation of inter-dog aggression in animal shelters
Creators: name: Orihel, Jane S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Identification and treatment of inter-dog aggression is important so that animal shelters can re-home animals safely and reduce long-term confinement and euthanasia rates. This thesis describes 1) a survey study which identified current management of aggressive dogs in shelters and explored the feasibility of implementing rehabilitation for inter-dog aggression, and 2) an experimental study of the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program for reducing inter-dog aggression in shelter dogs. Of the 43 shelters that responded to the questionnaire, most admitted aggressive dogs, reported inter-dog aggression as a common problem, and estimated that less than 10% of adopted dogs are returned for inter-dog aggression. Management of aggressive dogs included humane destruction and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation methods were diverse, and respondents expressed varied levels of confidence over the success of their programs. Factors preventing rehabilitation included lack of time and financial constraints, but shelters indicated an interest in rehabilitation if a practical, scientifically validated program were available. In the experimental study, sixteen shelter dogs that showed inter-dog aggression in a behaviour test received a 10-day treatment of daily rehabilitation (rehabilitation group, n = 9) or daily release into an outdoor enclosure (control group, n = 7). Most rehabilitation dogs showed a decline in aggression scores when tested on the day after the last treatment, compared with their pre-treatment scores. Control dogs showed either an increase or no change in aggression scores. The change in aggression scores differed significantly between the groups (U= 8.5, p < 0.01), but the difference was no longer significant when a reduced sample of dogs was tested one week after rehabilitation ended (Day 18). This study provides evidence of short-term reduction of aggression through a rehabilitation program, but further work is needed on effective and practical ways of maintaining the behavioural change.
RG Decimations and Confinement
Creators: name: Tomboulis, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline the steps in a derivation of the statement that the SU(2) gauge theory is in a confining phase for all values of the coupling, $0 < β
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, latex using espcrc2.sty, presented at `QCD Down Under', Adelaide, Australia, May 10-19, 2004
Target-Speaker Voice Activity Detection: a Novel Approach for Multi-Speaker Diarization in a Dinner Party Scenario
Creators: name: Medennikov, Ivan
name: Korenevsky, Maxim
name: Prisyach, Tatiana
name: Khokhlov, Yuri
name: Korenevskaya, Mariya
name: Sorokin, Ivan
name: Timofeeva, Tatiana
name: Mitrofanov, Anton
name: Andrusenko, Andrei
name: Podluzhny, Ivan
name: Laptev, Aleksandr
name: Romanenko, Aleksei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speaker diarization for real-life scenarios is an extremely challenging problem. Widely used clustering-based diarization approaches perform rather poorly in such conditions, mainly due to the limited ability to handle overlapping speech. We propose a novel Target-Speaker Voice Activity Detection (TS-VAD) approach, which directly predicts an activity of each speaker on each time frame. TS-VAD model takes conventional speech features (e.g., MFCC) along with i-vectors for each speaker as inputs. A set of binary classification output layers produces activities of each speaker. I-vectors can be estimated iteratively, starting with a strong clustering-based diarization. We also extend the TS-VAD approach to the multi-microphone case using a simple attention mechanism on top of hidden representations extracted from the single-channel TS-VAD model. Moreover, post-processing strategies for the predicted speaker activity probabilities are investigated. Experiments on the CHiME-6 unsegmented data show that TS-VAD achieves state-of-the-art results outperforming the baseline x-vector-based system by more than 30% Diarization Error Rate (DER) abs.
description: Accepted to Interspeech 2020