cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of Novel Halide Perovskites Combining Computations and Experiments
Creators: name: Deng, Zeyu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites
Hybrid Perovskites
Materials Discovery
Materials Design
Density Functional Theory
DFT
Synthesis
X-ray Diffraction
Crystallography
Photovoltaics
Optoelectronics
Mechanical Properties
Phase Stability

description: The perovskite family of materials is extremely large and provides a template for designing materials for different purposes. Among them, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are very interesting and have been recently identified as possible next generation light harvesting materials because they combine low manufacturing cost and relatively high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). In addition, some other applications like light emitting devices are also highly studied. This thesis starts with an introduction to the solar cell technologies that could use HOIPs. In Chapter 2, previously published results on the structural, electronic, optical and mechanical properties of HOIPs are reviewed in order to understand the background and latest developments in this field. Chapter 3 discusses the computational and experimental methods used in the following chapters. Then Chapter 4 describes the discovery of several hybrid double perovskites, with the formula (MA)$_2$M$^I$M$^{III}$X$_6$ (MA = methylammonium, CH$_3$NH$_3$, M$^I$ = K, Ag and Tl, M$^{III}$ = Bi, Y and Gd, X = Cl and Br). Chapter 5 presents studies on the variable presure and temperature response of formamidinium lead halides FAPbBr$_3$ (FA = formamidinium, CH(NH$_2$)$_2$) as well as the mechanical properties of FAPbBr$_3$ and FAPbI$_3$, followed by a computational study connecting the mechanical properties of halide perovskites ABX$_3$ (A = K, Rb, Cs, Fr and MA, X = Cl, Br and I) to their electronic transport properties. Chapter 6 describes a study on the phase stability, transformation and electronic properties of low-dimensional hybrid perovskites containing the guanidinium cation Gua$_x$PbI$_{x+2}$ (x = 1, 2 and 3, Gua = guanidinium, C(NH$_2$)$_3$). The conclusions and possible future work are summarized in Chapter 7. These results provide theoreticians and experimentalists with insight into the design and synthesis of novel, highly efficient, stable and environmentally friendly materials for solar cell applications as well as for other purposes in the future.
String-String triality for d=4, Z_2 orbifolds
Creators: name: Gregori, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the perturbative and non-perturbative correspondence of a class of four dimensional dual string constructions with N=4 and N=2 supersymmetry, obtained as Z_2 or Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds of the type II, heterotic and type I string. In particular, we discuss the heterotic and type I dual of all the symmetric Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds of the type II string, classified in hep-th/9901123. .
description: latex, 50 pages, figures, final published version
MAKALAH KELOMPOK 1 KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Creators: name: Sulis Faiza Salsabila
name: Risty Rafi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mendeley

description: 1. Apakah Pengertian dari kewirausahaan ? 2. Bagaimanakah Karakter seorang wirausaha?
Plasmons and screening in finite-bandwidth 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Khaliji, Kaveh
name: Stauber, Tobias
name: Low, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical and nonlocal dielectric function of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with finite energy bandwidth is computed within random-phase approximation. For large bandwidth, the plasmon dispersion has two separate branches at small and large momenta. The large momenta branch exhibits negative quasi-flat dispersion. The two branches merge with decreasing bandwidth. We discuss how the maximum energy plasmon mode which resides at energies larger than all particle-hole continuum can potentially open a route to low-loss plasmons. Moreover, we discuss the bandwidth effects on the static screening of the charged and magnetic impurities.
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero-point field
Creators: name: Ibison, M.
name: Haisch, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical electromagnetic zero-point field (ZPF) analogue of the vacuum of quantum field theory has formed the basis for theoretical investigations in the discipline known as random or stochastic electrodynamics (SED) wherein quantum measurements are imitated by the introduction of a stochastic classical background EM field. Random EM fluctuations are assumed to provide perturbations which can mimic some quantum phenomena while retaining a purely classical basis, e.g. the Casimir force, the Van-der-Waals force, the Lamb shift, spontaneous emission, the RMS radius of the harmonic oscillator, and the radius of the Bohr atom. This classical ZPF is represented as a homogeneous, isotropic ensemble of plane waves with fixed amplitudes and random phases. Averaging over the random phases is assumed to be equivalent to taking the ground-state expectation values of the corresponding quantum operator. We demonstrate that this is not precisely correct by examining the statistics of the classical ZPF in contrast to that of the EM quantum vacuum. We derive the distribution for the individual mode amplitudes in the ground-state as predicted by quantum field theory (QFT) and then carry out the same calculation for the classical ZPF analogue, showing that the distributions are only in approximate agreement, diverging as the density of k states decreases. We introduce an alternative classical ZPF with a different stochastic character, and demonstrate that it can exactly reproduce the statistics of the EM vacuum of QED. Incorporated into SED, this new field is shown to give the correct (QM) distribution for the amplitude of the ground-state of a harmonic oscillator, suggesting the possibility of developing further successful correspondences between SED and QED.
description: 18 pages
title: The Influence of Government Incentives on Electric Vehicle Adoption: Cross-national Comparison
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Fluchs, Sarah
name: Kasperk, Garnet (Dr.)
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: political incentives
public policy
Economics
Wirtschaft
electric vehicles
technology diffusion

description: This paper examines the influence of political incentives which are set by the
government and aim at promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs).
More specifically, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid elec-
tric vehicles (PHEVs) are considered. A classification and categorization
of different incentives is provided and specified for five countries, namely
Norway, Netherlands, Germany, United States and China. Additionally, an
empirical study was performed for China and the Netherlands employing
the method of time series (TS) analysis. Results reveal that government
incentives affect EV market penetration but exact effects differ for both
country and type of EV. In China, especially direct rebates increase EV
adoption under certain circumstances. In the Netherlands, PHEVs' market
share increases more compared to BEVs' market share if both vehicle types
receive the comparable incentives.
title: Transcription du manuscrit de Semur-en-Auxois, Bibliothèque Municipale, ms. 1, p. 60
Creators: name: Aubert, Eduardo Henrik
name: Brochard, Pierre
name: Aubert, Eduardo Henrik
name: Brochard, Pierre
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de médiévistique occidentale de Paris
subject: Semur-en-Auxois
subject: LaMOP

description: Transcription du manuscrit de Semur-en-Auxois, Bibliothèque Municipale, ms. 1, p. 60

production-software: eScriptorium + Kraken version 3.0.13 (PageXml)
description: Source: https://www.nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.e30dmaf3
description: Source: https://www.nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.e905tdea
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
description: Transcription du manuscrit Semur-en-Auxois, Bibliothèque Municipale, ms. 1
description: Transcription du manuscrit Semur-en-Auxois, Bibliothèque Municipale, ms. 1
A Novel Drug-Carrier Based on CMC/MATPP-PTX(CTP) and In Vitro Release
Creators: name: Huang, ChengHong
name: Tang, Hong
name: Jiang, Shu
name: Chen, Hongjie
name: Huang, Xiaorong
name: Wang, Kangrui
name: Fang, Ying
name: Men, Rongrong
name: Gao, Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A novel drug-carrier for paclitaxel entrapment entitled CMC/MATPP-PTX(CTP) was developed starting from the synthesis of MATPP that was grafted to CMC when EDC/NHS was served as coupling agent. Fourier Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) characterized their constituents and structures information. Laser particle size analyzer (LPSA) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) measured their size distribution and observed their morphology. Results showed substitution rate of CMC is up to 0.229 when the CMC: MATPP (mole ratio) is 1:0.016. CTP represents different microscale in distinct ratio of H2O/Ethanol or H2O/Acetone aqueous solution. SEM revealed the CTP possess a mean 500 ± 40 nm sizes. PTX loading and encapsulation rates are 14.6% and 8.9% when the ratio of CMC/MATPP:PTX (mole ratio) is 1:2, respectively. The cumulative release of paclitaxel can reach up to 59.75% within 5 h.
Effect of surface tension and depolarization field on ferroelectric nanomaterials properties
Creators: name: Glinchuk, M. D.
name: Morozovskaya, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of size effects of the properties of nanocrystalline ferroelectric ceramic or nanoparticle powder allowing for surface tension and depolarization field is proposed. Surface tension was included into free energy functional and surface energy was expressed via surface tension coefficient. The latter was shown to be dependent on temperature due to its relation to dielectric permittivity of the nanoparticles. The depolarization field effect was calculated in the model taking into account the space charge layer on the surface, this space-charge being able to compensate depolarization field in the bulk material. Euler-Lagrange Equation for inhomogeneous polarization of nanomaterial with boundary condition where extrapolation length was shown to be temperature dependent quantity was solved analytically both in paraelectric and ferroelectric phase of size driven phase transition. This phase transition critical temperature dependence on the particle size was calculated. Temperature and size dependence of nanomaterials polarization and dielectric susceptibility was obtained. The possibility to calculate these and other properties by minimization of conventional free energy in the form of different power polarization series, but with the coefficients which depend on particles size, temperature, contribution of depolarization field and surface tension coefficient was demonstrated. These latter effects were shown to influence essentially the nanomaterial properties. The comparison with available experimental data is performed.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
Entanglement growth in diffusive systems
Creators: name: Znidaric, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of conservation laws on entanglement growth. Focusing on systems with U(1) symmetry, i.e., conservation of charge or magnetization, that exhibits diffusive dynamics, we theoretically predict the growth of entanglement, as quantified by the Renyi entropy, in lattice systems in any spatial dimension d and for any local Hilbert space dimension q (qudits). We find that the growth depends both on d and q, and is in generic case first linear in time, similarly as for generic systems without any conservation laws. Exception to this rule are chains of 2-level systems where the dependence is a square-root of time at all times. Predictions are numerically verified by simulations of diffusive Clifford circuits with upto 10^5 qubits. Such efficiently simulable circuits should be a useful tool for other many-body problems.
description: 6 pages, comments welcome; v2: 9 pages, new appendix with additional ladder and spin-1 data; v3: 10 pages
The Spectrum and Variability of Circular Polarization in Sagittarius A* from 1.4 to 15 GHz
Creators: name: Bower, Geoffrey C.
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Sault, Robert J.
name: Backer, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here multi-epoch, multi-frequency observations of the circular polarization in Sagittarius A*, the compact radio source in the Galactic Center. Data taken from the VLA archive indicate that the fractional circular polarization at 4.8 GHz was -0.31% with an rms scatter of 0.13% from 1981 to 1998, in spite of a factor of 2 change in the total intensity. The sign remained negative over the entire time range, indicating a stable magnetic field polarity. In the Summer of 1999 we obtained 13 epochs of VLA A-array observations at 1.4, 4.8, 8.4 and 15 GHz. In May, September and October of 1999 we obtained 11 epochs of Australia Telescope Compact Array observations at 4.8 and 8.5 GHz. In all three of the data sets, we find no evidence for linear polarization greater than 0.1% in spite of strong circular polarization detections. Both VLA and ATCA data sets support three conclusions regarding the fractional circular polarization: the average spectrum is inverted with a spectral index ~0.5 +/- 0.2; the degree of variability is roughly constant on timescales of days to years; and, the degree of variability increases with frequency. We also observed that the largest increase in fractional circular polarization was coincident with the brightest flare in total intensity. Significant variability in the total intensity and fractional circular polarization on a timescale of 1 hour was observed during this flare, indicating an upper limit to the size of 70 AU at 15 GHz. The fractional circular polarization at 15 GHz reached -1.1% and the spectral index is strongly inverted during this flare. We conclude that the spectrum has two components that match the high and low frequency total intensity components. (abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 40 pages, 18 figures
New strategies for the synthesis and functionalization of aliphatic amines
Creators: name: Trowbridge, Aaron Daniel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: C-H activation
transition-metal catalysis
amines
photocatalysis
multicomponent
alkylamines
hydroaminoalkylation
carbonylation
palladium
lactam

description: The invention of catalytic processes that convert feedstock chemicals into pharmacologically-privileged amines is a landmark challenge in organic synthesis. This thesis describes the development of three novel transition-metal catalyzed processes for the synthesis of alkylamines that attempts to meet this challenge. The first Pd-catalyzed methylene β-C−H carbonylation of alkylamines to form substituted β-lactams is reported. Through the synergistic use of a Pd-catalyst and Xanpthos ligand, secondary amines underwent exclusive methylene β-C−H activation in high yields and diastereoselectivities. Subsequently, the development of a remarkably selective methylene β-C−H carbonylation of α-tertiary amines (ATAs), is detailed. This methodology enables the C−H carbonylation of methylene C−H bonds over traditionally more reactive methyl and C(sp2)−H bonds. Importantly, a range of functional groups previously incompatible with C−H technologies were tolerated in good yields. Finally, the development of a novel multicomponent synthesis of tertiary amines is described. The novel photocatalytic single-electron reduction of alkyl iminium ions furnishes -amino radicals that engage alkenes forming a new C–C bond. The reaction exhibits broad functional group tolerance and enables the synthesis of amines not readily accessible by existing methods.
description: Herchel Smith Scholarship
Second Moment of Halo Occupation Number
Creators: name: Cooray, Asantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The halo approach to large scale structure provides a physically motivated model to understand clustering properties of galaxies. An important aspect of the halo model involves a description on how galaxies populate dark matter halos or what is now called the halo occupation distribution. We discuss a way in which clustering information, especially in the non-linear regime, can be used to determine moments of this halo occupation number. We invert the non-linear part of the real space power spectrum from the PSCz survey to determine the second moment of the halo occupation distribution in a model independent manner. The precise measurement of higher order correlations can eventually be used to determine successive higher order moments of this distribution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; ApJL submitted
On Low-Energy Effective Action of Noncommutative Hypermultiplet Model
Creators: name: Samsonov, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the noncommutative hypermultiplet model within harmonic superspace approach. The 1-loop four-point contributions to the effective action of selfinteracting q-hypermultiplet are computed. This model has two coupling constants instead of a single one in commutative case. It is shown that both these coupling constants are generated by 1-loop quantum corrections in the model of q-hypermultiplet interacting with vector multiplet. The holomorphic effective action of q-hypermultiplet in external gauge superfield is calculated. For the fundamental representation there is no UV/IR-mixing and the holomorphic potential is a star-product generalization of a standard commutative one. For the adjoint representation of U(N) gauge group the leading contributions to the holomorphic effective action are given by the terms respecting for the UV/IR-mixing which are related to U(1) phase of U(N) group.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. v2: minor changes, refs added
Additional file 2: of Patch-augmented rotator cuff surgery (PARCS) studyâ protocol for a feasibility study
Creators: name: Cook, Jonathan
name: Merritt, Naomi
name: Rees, Jonathan
name: Crocker, Joanna
name: Hopewell, Sally
name: Dritsaki, Melina
name: Beard, David
name: Rangan, Amar
name: Cooper, Cushla
name: Kottam, Lucksy
name: Farrar-Hockley, Dair
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Earle, Robert
name: Carr, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: PARCS Surgeon Trialists Survey. (PDF 102Â kb)
Signal-Locality in Hidden-Variables Theories
Creators: name: Valentini, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that all deterministic hidden-variables theories, that reproduce quantum theory for a 'quantum equilibrium' distribution of hidden variables, predict the existence of instantaneous signals at the statistical level for hypothetical 'nonequilibrium ensembles'. This signal-locality theorem generalises yet another property of the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and Bohm. The theorem supports the hypothesis that in the remote past the universe relaxed to a state of statistical equilibrium (at the hidden-variable level) in which nonlocality happens to be masked by quantum noise.
description: 9 pages, latex, no figures. Revised, shortened
Numerical equation of state and other scaling functions from an improved three-dimensional Ising model
Creators: name: Engels, J.
name: Fromme, L.
name: Seniuch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an improved three-dimensional Ising model with external magnetic field near the critical point by Monte Carlo simulations. From our data we determine numerically the universal scaling functions of the magnetization, that is the equation of state, of the susceptibility and of the correlation length. In order to normalize the scaling functions we calculate the critical amplitudes of the three observables on the critical line, the phase boundary and the critical isochore. These amplitudes lead to the universal ratios C^+/C^-=4.756(28), R_{chi}=1.723(13), Q_c=0.326(3) and Q_2=1.201(10). We find excellent agreement of the data with the parametric representation of the asymptotic equation of state as found by field theory methods. The comparison of the susceptibility data to the corresponding scaling function shows a marginal difference in the symmetric phase, which can be explained by the slightly different value for R_{chi} used in the parametrization. The shape of the correlation-length-scaling function is similar to the one of the susceptibility, as expected from earlier parametrizations. The peak positions of the two scaling functions are coinciding within the error bars.
description: 27 pages, 14 Ps-figures, Latex2e, 10 pages added, including the scaling function of the correlation length, to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
title: Economic Hysteresis with Multiple Inputs– a Simplified Treatment
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Göcke, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: vector-hysteresis
sunk-cost hysteresis
path-dependence
Economics
Wirtschaft
non-ideal relay
Mayergoyz/Preisach-model.

description: Hysteresis in economics is up to now usually based on a representation of a system with only a single input variable, which has a persistent effect on an economic outcome (i.e. the output variable). However, in general there is more than one factor influencing economic decision problems, why the description of the path-dependency in relation to only one input variable may (possibly) be insufficient. The multidimensional path-dependence phenomenon is addressed (in mathematics and physics) by a vector-hysteresis system, with an input vector of two ore more variables. Unfortunately, these models are quite complicated for practical purposes in economics. However, since standard economic decisions are based on comparing economic values of alternatives (e.g. present values of investments), this can be used to reduce the dimensions of the hysteresis system. This paper outlines how the influence of several original input variables (e.g. price level and interest rate) is captured by the resulting variations of the present value of an investment. This economic value then can be used as a single signal/input variable of a modified hysteresis system. Since this system is dimensionally reduced to the standard hysteresis case with only a single input variable, the standard aggregation procedure for a situation with heterogeneous agents can be applied again.
Karafuto nikki. Jō
唐太日記上
Creators: name: Suzuki, Sakei.
Publisher: name: Edo : Harimaya Katsugorō, Ansei 7 [1860].
Year: 2020

description: Contents: シュシュヤ越山道の圖 Shushuya-goe yamamichi no zu (Map of Shushuya Pass), v. 1, leaf 6-7. Exploration by Suzuki in 1854.
On the Asymmetries of Extended X-ray Emission from Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Kastner, Joel H.
name: Li, Jingqiang
name: Vrtilek, Saeqa D.
name: Gatley, Ian
name: Merrill, K. M.
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) images have revealed that the X-ray emitting regions of the molecule-rich young planetary nebulae (PNs) BD+30 3639 (BD+30) and NGC 7027 are much more asymmetric than their optical nebulosities. To evaluate the potential origins of these X-ray asymmetries, we analyze X-ray images of BD+30, NGC 7027, and another planetary nebula resolved by CXO, NGC 6543, within specific energy bands. Image resolution has been optimized by sub-pixel repositioning of individual X-ray events. The resulting subarcsecond-resolution images reveal that the soft (E < 0.7 keV) X-ray emission from BD+30 is more uniform than the harder emission, which is largely confined to the eastern rim of the optical nebula. In contrast, soft X-rays from NGC 7027 are highly localized and this PN is more axially symmetric in harder emission. The broad-band X-ray morphologies of BD+30 and NGC 7027 are highly anticorrelated with their distributions of visual extinction, as determined from high-resolution, space- and ground-based optical and infrared imaging. Hence, it is likely that the observed X-ray asymmetries of these nebulae are due in large part to the effects of nonuniform intranebular extinction. However, the energy-dependent X-ray structures in both nebulae and in NGC 6543 -- which is by far the least dusty and molecule-rich of the three PNs, and displays very uniform intranebular extinction -- suggests that other mechanisms, such as the action of collimated outflows and heat conduction, are also important in determining the detailed X-ray morphologies of young planetary nebulae.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Should intra-familial time transfers be compensated financially?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Kusa, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
citizens’ view
grandparental childcare
intergenerational transfers
long-term care
equity

description: This paper deals with social acceptance of applying the equity principle for intra-familial time transfers. Based on a representative survey among German citizens, the author provides empirical evidence on acceptance of financial compensation for different time transfers. Some 80% of the subjects stated that intra-familial long-term care should be compensated. At the same time, only 38% of subjects stated that grandparental childcare should be compensated: The majority accepts equity principle for intra-familial long-term care but not for grandparental childcare. Age has the strongest effect: subjects belonging to the old generation are more likely to accept the equity principle for informal long-term care as well as for grandparental childcare. Family valuation does not matter in any of the dimensions. It is puzzling that being a female by itself does not explain the differences in social acceptance even though females are much more actively involved in all types of time transfers.
The Political Thought of Tan Malaka
Creators: name: Crawford, Oliver
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Indonesia
Political Thought
History
Tan Malaka
Global intellectual history
Marxism
Islam

description: In the course of a fairly brief lifetime, lasting only a little over fifty years (1897-1949), Tan Malaka was variously a schoolteacher, the chair of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), a Comintern agent, a political exile, and a revolutionary leader. He travelled the world, living for spells in the Netherlands, Germany, Russia, China, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Tan Malaka’s colourful life and political career have attracted comment from historians, but there has not yet been an in-depth treatment of his ideas, even though he produced a large corpus of writings and was acknowledged to be among the foremost political intellects of his generation in Indonesia. This thesis is an analysis and contextualization of Tan Malaka’s political thought. It places his writings within a series of contemporary debates: on the nature of the Indonesian past and the country’s potential for revolution; on imperialism and the post-colonial future of Asia; on the relationship between Islam, capitalism, and Communism; on the reformation of Indonesian thinking; and on the appropriate strategy and goals for the Indonesian revolution. These debates, and Tan Malaka’s interventions within them, reveal that Indonesia during the ‘national awakening’ period (1900-50) was the scene of great intellectual innovation, where foreign and indigenous concepts were fused, adapted and reworked. Tan Malaka’s writings provide a particularly vivid example of this, combining as they do the concepts and language of Marxism, Islamic morality, and Minangkabau custom, sometimes in tension, in other places flowing together without apparent strain. Tan Malaka was not unique in this respect, as the thesis shows, which suggests that late- colonial Indonesia provides promising terrain for the ‘global turn’ in intellectual history, that seeks to understand the circulation, interaction and transformation of ideas across national and cultural boundaries, especially in the non-Western world.
description: Trinity College Cambridge, Internal Graduate Studentship
A Salutogenic Exploration of Social Complexities Associated With Adolescent Sleep to Inform Australian Secondary Schools
Creators: name: JANSSEN, KITTY CATHARINA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education
Health Care

description: There have been global concerns regarding adolescent sleep. This exploratory study assessed the appropriateness of six possible strategies to address these concerns for two Australian schools. Data from a one-off quantitative survey (N = 307) validated 11 instruments of sleep and social characteristics using Rasch analysis. The combined sleep data showed that 78.8% of students reported acceptable levels of sleep. Modelling using a salutogenic framework highlighted that school-wide strategies are unlikely to be effective in changing sleep, and some may even be unintentionally harmful. Thus, it is recommended that schools, researchers and policymakers proceed with caution when promoting adolescent sleep through schools.
title: Tariff Overhang and Aid: Theory and Empirics
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Lorz, Oliver
name: Thede, Susanne
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: Tariff binding
foreign aid.
tariff overhang
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: In this paper, we consider aid payments as a possible explanation for tariff overhangs. According to our hypothesis, rich countries may use development aid to pay for tariff concessions. Developing countries, in turn, may anticipate such a policy in the negotiations for tariff bindings. Setting the bound tariff rate at a relatively high level may then serve as a mechanism to incentivize rich countries to carry on with aid payments in the subsequent ``aid for trade’’ game. We empirically examine this hypothesis using detailed data (at the 6-digit HS level) on bound and applied tariff rates under the Uruguay agreement. Our results provide strong support for the view that aid recipients are more likely to adopt tariff overhangs, that they implement larger tariff overhangs than nonrecipient countries and that recipients of larger aid payments adopt tariff overhangs more frequently. We also find strong support of the theoretical model prediction that larger tariff overhangs are implemented by countries
that receive more aid.
title: Some Insights into the Development of Cryptocurrencies
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hanl, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Blockchain, Cryptography
Cryptocurrency
Economics
Wirtschaft
Bitcoin
E-Money
Digital Money

description: Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin might revolutionize the economy through
enabling peer-to-peer based transactions by abolishing the need for a trusted
intermediary. As for now, Bitcoin remains to be the best recognized cryptocurrency, in particular in terms of market capitalization. However, as this
paper shows, there are plenty of alternatives. This paper outlines the historical roots which have led to the creation of privately emitted, cryptography based digital currencies. Additionally, this paper discusses future possible hurdles of the development of cryptocurrencies and outlines features which might influence the success of a cryptocurrency. Insights into the beginning of cryptocurrency development are gained by analysis of the publicly available DOACC dataset. The paper does so by providing an overview of the techniques and mechanisms used by cryptocurrencies. It shows that newly created cryptocurrencies tend to be very similar in some properties in the early stages but new features and more diversity developed in more recent years. Additionally, newly created cryptocurrencies tend more and more to create a fixed number of coins before the initial announcement in order to sell these in Initial Coin Offerings. Even when the amount of premining increases over years, it remains at lower levels on the aggregate.
title: Households´ Inflation Perceptions and Expectations: Survey Evidence from New Zealand
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Neumeier, Florian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: household survey
monetary policy
New Zealand
inflation expectation
Inflation perception
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: In this paper, we study how inflation is viewed by the general population of New Zealand. Based on unique representative survey data collected in 2016 and using descriptive statistics and multivariate regressions, we explore various aspects of how laypersons perceive inflation and form inflation expectations. We focus on how an individual’s economic situation, information search and interest in inflation, economic knowledge, and attitudes and values are related to inflation perception and expectation, as well as the individual’s reaction to them. We interpret our findings as a clear indication that laypersons’ knowledge about inflation is much better described by the imperfect information view prevailing in social psychology than by the rational actor view typically assumed in economics.
Synthesis of Partially Saturated Bicyclic Heteroaromatics: sp3-Enriched Scaffolds for Drug Discovery
Creators: name: Stewart, Hannah Lindsey
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Drug Discovery
Fragments
Diastereoselective
Partially Saturated

description: Recent years have seen an expansion beyond the more druggable biological targets into novel areas of biological space. However, drug discovery campaigns against these challenging targets have been afflicted with low hit rates during screening campaigns and high levels of candidate attrition during clinical trials. Subsequent studies have looked to explore the underlying factors to these challenges and have identified the lack of scaffold diversity and poor physicochemical properties in screening libraries as the leading causes. In an attempt to address this issue drug discovery strategies such as fragment-based drug discovery and lead-oriented synthesis have been developed which control and direct the compound properties within screening libraries towards relevant areas of chemical space. In addition, strategies such as diversity oriented synthesis aim to synthesise structurally complex and diverse compounds, expanding screening collections into previously under-explored areas of chemical space. This thesis reports the development of a step-efficient, modular and highly adaptable synthetic route for the synthesis of partially saturated bicyclic heteroaromatic scffolds (Figure i). The designed route takes advantage of the large chiral pool provided by amino acids, with each scaffold synthesised in just 4-6 steps from these readily available enantiopure starting materials. The mild conditions allow for excellent functional group tolerance, thus enabling the incorporation of growth vectors for chemical elaboration from the outset, a strong advantage in the drug discovery process. Overall, 29 partially saturated bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds were synthesised based around 7 different scaffolds. These demonstrated a number of possible areas for diversifation both on and around the scaffold, including variation of functional groups (Figure i, red), double (cis-diastereoisomers) and single (R2- and R3-positions) substitution patterns, variation of the 5-membered heterocycle (Figure i, green) and increased size of the saturated ring (Figure i, blue). Furthermore, careful selection of the substituents, heterocycle and size of the saturated ring would enable the synthesis of screening libraries within the constraints of fragment-like, lead-like or drug-like structures. The final library has been incorporated into the Diamond XChem high-throughput crystallography program and initial screening has identified a weakly binding hit for Activin A.
title: Pushing on a String: State-Owned Enterprises and Monetary Policy Transmission in China
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Chen, Hongyi
name: Li, Ran
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: firm-level data
state-dependent local projections
monetary transmission
VAR
Economics
Wirtschaft
state-owned enterprises
financial system

description: This paper studies whether monetary transmission in China is
asymmetric. While researchers found an asymmetric transmission in the
U.S. and other economies, China offers a specific rationale for asymmetries:
the presence of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) enjoying preferential
access to financing. To study the consequences of SOEs for policy
transmission, we differentiate between expansionary and restrictive
policy shocks and argue that SOEs should suffer less from a policy tightening
and benefit more from a policy easing. Based on sector-specific
macroeconomic time series and a large firm-level data set, we provide
evidence of a systematic and sizable asymmetry in the transmission of
monetary policy shocks in China. The nature of the asymmetry is consistent
with the notion of explicit or implicit government-guarantees of
SOEs and has consequences for the adjustment of aggregate variables. In
contrast to other central banks, the People’s Bank of China seems to be
able to “push on a string”.
title: Sanctions and the Shadow Economy: Empirical Evidence from Iranian Provinces
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Farzanegan, Mohammad Reza
name: Hayo, Bernd
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
shadow economy
sanctions
Iran

description: Using Iranian-province-level data from 2001–2013, this study finds that the international sanctions of 2012/2013 had a significantly stronger negative impact on the growth rate of the shadow economy than they did on the official GDP growth rate. Thus, the international sanctions on Iran have damaged the informal economy even more than the formal economy.
title: Are Eastern European Taylor Reaction Functions Asymmetric in Inflation or Output: Empirical Evidence for four Countries
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Klose, Jens
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Eastern European countries
Asymmetries
Taylor reaction function

description: Do central banks in Eastern European countries react asymmetrically
and in a non-linear fashion to changes in inflation and output? We tackle
this question by expanding the standard Taylor reaction function for the
four inflation targeting countries Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Ro-
mania. We do so taking explicitly inflation rates below or above target and
output below or above potential, the so-called state of the economy, into
account. The results reveal that there are indeed substantial asymmetries in
the reaction function of the Czech, Polish and Romanian central bank, which
are only evident when the combination of inflation and output thresholds is
explicitly modelled in one estimation equation. For these three central banks
also non-linearities in the inflation and output response could be verified.
Biosynthesis and function of glucuronic acid substitution patterns on softwood xylan
Creators: name: Lyczakowski, Jan Jakub
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Wood
Softwood
Conifers
Plant cell walls
Xylan
Cellulose
Biomass
Biofuels
Bioenergy
Plants

description: Wood from coniferous trees is an important source of renewable biomass. It can contribute to provision of carbon neutral energy, biomaterials and housing for a growing population. Softwood is mainly composed of cellulose, galactoglucomannan, xylan and lignin. This thesis focuses on the biosynthesis and function of Glucuronic acid (GlcA) decorations on softwood xylan. Results demonstrate that this GUX (GlucUronic acid substitution of Xylan)-dependent xylan branching is critical for the maintenance of biomass recalcitrance in a model vascular plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Experiments employing in vitro and in planta activity assays show that conifer transcriptomes encode at least two distinct GUX enzymes which are active glucuronosyltransferases. Interestingly, these enzymes have different specific activities, with one adding evenly spaced GlcA branches and the other one being able to add consecutive decorations. It is possible that these different patterns of xylan branching may have an impact on ability of xylan to interact with cellulose fibrils. To investigate the role for xylan binding to cellulose, Arabidopsis mutant plants in which this interaction is lost were evaluated alongside transgenic mutant lines in which the interaction may be restored. Results of this analysis indicate that the presence of cellulose-bound xylan might have an influence on plant vasculature integrity and thus it may have an effect on plant growth and biomass properties. Moreover, further results indicate that some xylan cellulose interaction is likely to occur in cell wall macrofibrils which can be detected in softwood. Taken together, this thesis provides insights into the process of conifer xylan glucuronidation and the possible role these branches may be playing in the maintenance of softwood recalcitrance and mechanical properties. In addition to identifying potential mutagenesis targets for improving softwood processing, this work is a proof of concept for the use of GUX enzymes for in vivo and in vitro biosynthesis of novel xylan structures with potential industrial application.
description: BBSRC Doctoral Training Partnerships
Estate Planning – Purposes and Techniques
Creators: name: Dalsted, Norman L.
name: Peterson, Eric A.
name: Dalsted, Norman L.
name: Peterson, Eric A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Political Economy

description: When the 2001 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act expired in 2010, Congress extended the law through the end of the year 2012 and increased the estate tax exemption. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2013 raised the exemption and made it permanent. However, without careful planning for large estates, taxation could still jeopardize the continuity and financial well-being of many family businesses, and threaten the financial well-being of many Americans. This article outlines key elements necessary to ensure an estate planning process is successful.
title: Mortgage Debt and Time-Varying Monetary Policy Transmission
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Finck, David
name: Schmidt, Jörg
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: deleveraging
DSGE
monetary policy
time-varying VAR
Economics
Wirtschaft
mortgage debt

description: We study the role of monetary policy for the dynamics of U.S. mortgage
debt, which is the largest component of household indebtedness. A timevarying parameter VAR model allows us to study the variation in the mortgage debt sensitivity to monetary policy. We find that an identically-sized policy shock became less effective over time. We use a DSGE model to show that a fall in the share of adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) could replicate this finding. Calibrating the model to the drop in the ARM share since the 1980s yields a drop in the sensitivity of housing debt to monetary policy which
is quantitatively similar to the VAR results. A sacrifice ratio for mortgage
debt reveals that a policy tightening directed towards reducing household debt became more expensive in terms of a loss in employment. Counterfactuals show that this result cannot be attributed to changes in monetary policy itself. The results are consistent with the "mortgage rate conundrum" found by Justiniano et al. (2017) and have strong implications for policy.
Change in Arkansas Cotton Acreage during 2002-2010
Creators: name: Flanders, Archie
name: Coats, Bobby
name: Dunn, Carter
name: Flanders, Archie
name: Coats, Bobby
name: Dunn, Carter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Arkansas cotton acreage has followed declining trends in U.S. acreage during the latter years of the previous decade. In Arkansas, the primary crops competing for cotton acreage are corn, soybeans, and rice. Farm managers and land owners are interested in optimizing long-term financial returns while capitalizing on short-term opportunities in acreage allocations. Long-term acreage allocations are mostly due to soil characteristics and crop rotation considerations that determine suitability for crops. Short-term acreage allocations are responses to economic considerations related to commodity prices and production costs. Results indicate consistent long-term acreage responses with a shift in response magnitude between cotton and rotation crops. The shift in magnitude is attributable to relative relationships among commodity prices that were less favorable to cotton for the period beginning in 2007.
title: Skewness-Adjusted Bootstrap Confidence Intervals and Confidence Bands for Impulse Response Functions
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Grabowski, Daniel
name: Staszewska-Bystrova, Anna
name: Winker, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
vector autoregression
joint confidence bands
Bootstrap
confidence intervals

description: This article investigates the construction of skewness-adjusted con�dence intervals and joint confidence bands for impulse response functions from vector autoregressive models. Three different implementations of the skewness adjustment are investigated. The methods are based on a bootstrap algorithm that adjusts mean and skewness of the bootstrap distribution of the autoregressive coeffcients before the impulse response functions are computed. Using extensive Monte Carlo simulations, the methods are shown to improve the coverage accuracy in small and medium sized samples and for unit root processes for both known and unknown lag orders.