Nealcidion zigzag Monné, Botero, Olivier & Santos-Silva, 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
name: Botero, Juan Pablo
name: Olivier, Renan Da Silva
name: Santos-Silva, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Nealcidion
Nealcidion zigzag

description: Nealcidion zigzag sp. nov.
(Figs 81–86)
Description. Holotype female. Integument mostly dark brown; ventral mouthparts dark orangish brown, except brownish apex of palpomeres; anteclypeus brown close to postclypeus, brownish close to labrum; labrum mostly brown; basal half of mandibles mostly dark reddish brown, apical half black; scape dark orangish brown except brownish posterior third of dorsal surface; pedicel orangish brown on basal half, dark reddish brown on apical half; antennomere III orangish brown except brown apical fifth; antennomeres IV–V orangish except brown apex; antennomeres VI–X orangish on basal half, brown apically, reddish brown on remaining surface; antennomere XI orangish. Posterior half of elytra mostly brown. Coxae, trochanters, and femoral peduncles orangish; femoral club orangish except two wide brownish maculae dorsally and laterally. Tibiae light reddish brown on basal quarter, orangish on remaining basal half; protibiae light brown on dorsal and lateral apical half, dark orangish brown ventrally on apical half; meso- and metatibiae brown dorsally and laterally on apical half, dark orangish brown ventrally on apical half. Tarsomeres I orangish except dark reddish brown apex; tarsomeres II–IV dark reddish brown; tarsomeres V orangish brown on basal 2/3, dark reddish brown on apical third. Abdominal ventrites 1–3 brown laterally, dark brown centrally, except dark reddish brown apex of 1 and reddish brown apex of 2–3, dark orangish brown on remaining surface; abdominal ventrite 4 brown laterally, dark brown on center of basal half, orangish on remaining surface; ventrite 5 reddish brown, except dark-brown anterocentral third, and orangish sides of apex.
Head. Frons abundantly, finely, shallowly punctate; with abundant straw-colored pubescence not obscuring integument on half close to clypeus, yellowish-brown pubescence on superior half close to median groove, partially brownish pubescence on remaining superior half, except glabrous median groove; with one long, erect dark-brown seta close to eyes. Area between antennal tubercles and posterior margin of upper eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except lighter pubescence close to median groove between antennal tubercles, pale yellow close to eyes, brownish pubescence laterally between antennal tubercles, and glabrous median groove and oblique band on each side of median groove between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes, together forming a Psi glabrous area. Remaining surface of vertex with abundant dark brown pubescence toward eyes, pubescence gradually yellowish-white toward glabrous area close to prothorax, except glabrous median groove. Area behind upper eye lobes with pubescence as on posterior region of vertex close to it, abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, except glabrous area close to prothorax. Area behind lower eye lobes with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, pubescence more pale yellow close to eye, except narrow glabrous area close to prothorax. Genae 0.8 times length of lower eye lobe; with light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous apex; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed. Wide central area of postclypeus with abundant straw-colored pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous central region; with one long, erect dark-brown seta on each side close to frons, long, erect yellowish-brown setae laterally close to anteclypeus, and long, erect straw-colored setae interspersed on remaining surface close to anteclypeus. Labrum with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on posterior half, glabrous on anterior half, except fringe of golden setae on anterior margin; with long, erect setae interspersed on posterior half, setae dark brown basally, gradually paler toward their apices. Antennal tubercles mostly with light yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, pubescence darker dorsally. Basal half of outer surface of mandibles triangularly depressed, with abundant straw colored pubescence partially obscuring integument, with a few long, erect setae of same color interspersed; apical half glabrous. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.19 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in ventral view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.55 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.1 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex middle of antennomere VI. Scape slightly sinuous internally; with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, except yellowish-white pubescence on apex; with abundant, long, erect dark yellowish-brown setae interspersed ventrally. Pedicel with abundant yellowish-white pubescence basally and sparse yellowish pubescence on remaining surface; with a few long, erect dark yellowish-brown setae interspersed ventrally. Antennomeres III–X with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on light integumental area and moderately sparse yellowish pubescence on dark integument area; III–V with long, erect brownish setae interspersed ventrally, setae sparser toward V; VI–X with a few long, dark setae directed backward apically. Antennomere XI with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.82; pedicel = 0.10; IV = 0.74; V = 0.62; VI = 0.56; VII = 0.47; VIII = 0.44; IX = 0.44; X = 0.40; XI = 0.38.
Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; anterior and posterior constrictions narrow, well marked; sides with short, slight tumid projection close to anterior constriction, and with wide, slightly tumid projection between anterior and posterior fifths. Pronotum with slightly oblique and elevated gibbosity on each side of anterior half; with subconical, moderately elevated tubercle centrally on posterior half; with moderately coarse and abundant punctures surrounding central tubercle, sparse, coarse punctures on sides of anterior fifth, arched row of coarse punctures on posterior quarter, these punctures coarser than on remaining surface, and a few coarse punctures laterocentrally and after central tubercle; with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring punctures, except anterocentral 2/3 with abundant dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, these pubescence golden depending on light source, especially on posterior half, and glabrous anterior and posterior sulci; with a few long, erect dark setae posterolaterally. Sides of prothorax with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous anterior sulcus and narrow, shallow sulcus before middle, narrow sulcus longitudinal from near pronotum do near prosternum, then distinctly arched backward. Prosternum with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence laterally and abundant, somewhat yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument centrally, except glabrous anterior sulcus. Sides of ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence, slightly darker lateroanteriorly on metaventrite; remaining surface with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Narrowest area of prosternal process 0.43 times procoxal width; apex of mesoventral process 0.59 times mesocoxal width. Scutellum with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, slightly sparser anterocentrally, except light yellowish-brown pubescence on sides of anterior half. Elytra. Sides slightly convergent on anterior half, more distinctly convergent on posterior half; apex obliquely truncate, slightly concave centrally; abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior half, subaligned from middle to posterior quarter, mostly absent on posterior quarter; centrobasal crest elevated, about as long as basal width of scutellum, with abundant, short blackish setae dorsally; with transverse, wide, mostly dark-brown pubescent band between centrobasal crest and suture, this band surpassing apex of centrobasal crest; with wide, oblique, both dark yellowish-brown and brownish pubescent band from transverse dark pubescent band to epipleural margin; with abundant light yellowish-white pubescence from anterior third to after middle, from suture to epipleural margin, distinctly narrowed toward epipleural margin, with anterior margin truncate close to suture and oblique toward epipleural margin, and posterior margin almost forming zig-zag and distinctly projected backward close to suture, except subrectangular area dorsally with reddish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; remaining anterior half with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence toward suture and yellowish-brown pubescence toward epipleural margin, area with yellowish-brown pubescence with irregular brownish pubescent areas interspersed; area close to anterior region with yellowish-white pubescence with wide, somewhat zig-zag reddish-brown pubescent band not obscuring integument, from suture to epipleural margin; area close to posterior previous band with irregular, fragmented light yellowish-brown pubescence; remaining surface with areas with reddish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, separated by light yellowish-brown pubescence, reddish-brown pubescence forming three longitudinal bands dorsally. Legs. Femora with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence slightly sparser and darker on dark integumental areas on femoral club. Basal half of tibiae with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; apical half of protibiae with moderately sparse pubescence dorsally and laterally, except dense yellowish pubescence on apex, and ventral surface with abundant, bristly dark yellowish-brown pubescence; apical half of meso- and metatibiae with moderately sparse, short, both erect and decumbent dark yellowish-brown setae, except abundant, short, erect brown setae dorsally on mesotibiae, and abundant, bristly yellowish-brown setae ventrally. Dorsal surface of tarsomeres I with abundant yellowish-white pubescence on light integumental area, pubescence distinctly sparser on dark integumental apex; dorsal surface of tarsomeres II–III with sparse yellowish-white pubescence, sparser on III; tarsomeres IV–V with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, V with sparse, short, suberect, both yellowish-white and brown setae interspersed apically; metatarsomere V slightly longer than II–III together.
Abdomen. Ventrites with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument laterally and abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument centrally. Apex of ventrite 5 rounded. Last abdominal tergite slightly surpassing elytral apex, triangular shaped, with abundant yellow pubescence on sides of apical area, with long, erect yellowish-white setae interspersed; reaming surface with moderately abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous central area.
Male. Similar to females, differing especially by the apex of the last tergite rounded and distinctly notched centrally.
Variation. Last abdominal tergite not surpassing elytral apex.
Dimensions (mm) (Holotype female/ paratypes male/ paratypes female): Total length, 9.80/7.75–8.10/9.25– 9.80; prothoracic length, 1.60/1.20–1.40/1.50–1.70; anterior prothoracic width, 1.85/1.40–1.60/1.80–2.05; posterior prothoracic width, 2.30/1.75–2.00/1.80–2.55; maximum prothoracic width, 2.50/1.85–2.10/2.45–2.80; humeral width, 3.75/2.70–3.05/3.50–4.05; elytral length, 7.60/6.00–6.20/6.90–7.90.
Type material. Holotype female from BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: Rd. to Amboro above Achira, 18°07’43”S 63°47’98”W, 1940 m, 10-11.X.2006, Wappes, Nearns & Eya leg. (MNKM). Paratypes – BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: Above Aquira Campo, Road to Amboro, Vicoquim area, 18°07’S 63°48’W, 1 male, 11.XI.2012, Bonaso & Windsor leg. (FSCA); 4 km N Bermejo, Refugio los Volcanes, 18°06’S 63º36’W, 1350 m, 8–11.XII.2011, Wappes, Lingafelter, Morris & Woodley leg (MZSP); 1045–1350 m, 1 female, 17-24.X.2014, Wappes & Morris leg. (FSCA); Refugio los Volcanes, 3363’, 1 male, 18–24.X.2014, Morris & Wappes leg. (RFMC).
Etymology. The specific name “zigzag ” refers to the posterior half of elytra with wide zig-zag brownish pubescent band near the middle.
Remarks. Nealcidion zigzag sp. nov. is similar to N. elegans Monné & Monné, 2009 (see photograph on Bezark 2024 and original description), but differs as follows: pronotum without dark pubescent spots; sides of prothorax without dark pubescent macula; elytra with irregular brownish pubescent macula on middle of dorsal surface, and posterior half of elytra with wide zig-zag brownish pubescent band near middle, this band oblique toward suture on its inner area. In N. elegans, the pronotum has one black circular spot on each side of the anterior half, sides of the prothorax with dark pubescent spot close to the posterior margin, there is no brownish pubescent macula on middle of the dorsal surface, and the posterior half of elytra has longitudinal, irregular, and partially fused blackish pubescent maculae not reaching the suture. Additionally, according to Monné & Monné (2009) the prosternal and mesoventral processes are “about 3/4 as wide as one coxa.” In N. zigzag, the narrowest area of the prosternal process is narrower than half of the procoxal width and the apex of the mesoventral process is distinctly narrower than 3/4 of the mesocoxal width. However, we do not know where the processes were measured in N. elegans, especially the mesoventral process. Furthermore, the metafemora appears to be longer in females of N. zigzag, reaching the basal area of the abdominal ventrite 5. This information is not present in the description of N. elegans; however, the photograph in the original description suggests that the metafemora do not reach the abdominal ventrite 5, even though it is very inclined upward, which could produce an error based on the angle of the photo. Nealcidion zigzag is also similar to N. femoratum (Martins & Monné, 1976) (see photographs on Bezark 2024 and original description) but differs by the centrobasal crest of elytra distinctly longer than the maximum diameter of the scape (about as long as the maximum diameter of the scape in N. femoratum), and the posterior half of the dorsal surface of elytra has no longitudinal dark pubescent band (present in N. femoratum). It differs from N. triangulare (Bates, 1863) (see photograph on Bezark 2024) by the pronotum without dark pubescent spots (often present in N. triangulare), centrobasal crest with abundant and short erect setae (absent in N. triangulare) and the sides of the prothorax without dark pubescent spot close to posterior margin (present in N. triangulare). Nealcidion zigzag differs from N. venosum (Bates, 1880) (see photographs on Bezark 2024) and N. cephaliferum Vlasak & Santos-Silva, 2022 (see photographs on Bezark 2024 and original description) by the scutellum without black pubescence laterally (present in N. venosum and N. cephaliferum); from N. silvai Monné & Delfino, 1986 (see photograph on Bezark 2024 and original description), by the scutellum without black pubescence laterally (present in N. silvai), by the elytral not obscuring the punctures, especially on central region (distinctly obscuring punctures, especially centrally in N. silvai), and the elytra uniformly acuminate toward apex from middle (more abruptly narrowed toward apex on posterior quarter in N. silvai); from N. bicristatum (Bates, 1863) (see photographs on Bezark 2024), by the centrobasal crest carinashaped (forming two isolated tubercles in N. bicristatum), and sides of the prothorax without blackish pubescent macula close to posterior margin (present in N. bicristatum); from N. socium (Gahan, 1895) (see photographs on Bezark 2024) by the elytra uniformly acuminate toward apex from middle (more abruptly narrowed toward apex on posterior quarter in N. socium), and antennomere III 1.5 times the anterior width of an elytron (slightly wider than the basal width of an elytron in N. socium); from females of N. meridanum Monné & Delfino, 1986 (see photograph on Bezark 2024 and original description) by the dorsal tubercles of the pronotum slightly elevated, especially the lateroanterior ones, which are just gibbosities (distinctly elevated, including the lateroanterior ones in N. meridianum), centrobasal crest of elytra more elevated and distinctly longer than the scutellum, and the erect setae are denser and longer (centrobasal crest less elevated, about as long as the scutellum, and the erect setae are shorter and sparser in N. meridanum), the elytra is wider basally and distinctly narrowed toward apex from humerus (narrower basally and parallel-sided on anterior 2/ 3 in N. meridianum), femoral peduncles distinctly shorter and wider (less elevated and distinctly longer and slender in N. meridanum), and femoral clubs wider (slender in N. meridanum); and from females of N. melasmum Monné & Delfino, 1986 (see photograph on Bezark 2024 and original description) by the centrobasal crest of elytra distinctly longer than the scutellum (about as long as in N. melasmum), and the apical abdominal tergite triangular (with rounded apex in N. melasmum).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., Botero, Juan Pablo, Olivier, Renan Da Silva & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2024, South American Acanthocinini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae): new species, synonymy, description of females, and notes, pp. 345-383 in Zootaxa 5519 (3) on pages 374-377, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5519.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13916010