cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3: of Associations of the plasma lipidome with mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Maile, Michael
name: Standiford, Theodore
name: Engoren, Milo
name: Stringer, Kathleen
name: Jewell, Elizabeth
name: Thekkelnaycke Rajendiran
name: Tanu Soni
name: Burant, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for lipids that differ between survivors and non-survivors. (DOCX 35Â kb)
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps
Creators: name: Kandasamy, Dr. W. B. Vasantha
name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03Bxx, 03Exx

description: In this book we study the concepts of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) and their Neutrosophic analogue, the Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCMs).Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are fuzzy structures that strongly resemble neural networks, and they have powerful and far-reaching consequences as a mathematical tool for modeling complex systems. Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps are generalizations of FCMs, and their unique feature is the ability to handle indeterminacy in relations between two concepts thereby bringing greater sensitivity into the results. Some of the varied applications of FCMs and NCMs which has been explained by us, in this book, include: modeling of supervisory systems; design of hybrid models for complex systems; mobile robots and in intimate technology such as office plants; analysis of business performance assessment; formalism debate and legal rules; creating metabolic and regulatory network models; traffic and transportation problems; medical diagnostics; simulation of strategic planning process in intelligent systems; specific language impairment; web-mining inference application; child labor problem; industrial relations: between employer and employee, maximizing production and profit; decision support in intelligent intrusion detection system; hyperknowledge representation in strategy formation; female infanticide; depression in terminally ill patients and finally, in the theory of community mobilization and women empowerment.
description: 212 pages, 99 figures
Studies of the molecular effects of a solid support upon lipid membranes and membrane bound proteins
Creators: name: Hartshorn, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Lipid membranes -- Biotechnology

description: Often, membrane / protein systems are studied and / or utilized on solid supports. The underlying substrate in solid supported lipid bilayer assemblies causes large perturbations to the membrane, but the nature of these effects are not well understood. To gain an understanding, these effects were studied on two fronts: the effect upon the membrane by itself, and then the effects upon a membrane / protein system. First, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of DLPC, DMPC, POPC, and DEPC on a hydroxylated nanocrystalline [alpha]-quartz (011) slab revealed a pronounced thinning effect in the lipid bilayers. It was shown that this thinning effect proceeded by one of two mechanisms: the first through a curling of the terminal methyl groups at the interface of the opposing leaflets, and the second through increased interdigitation of the alkyl chains. Also, with the introduction of the solid support, marked asymmetries in a number of structural properties were reported. These asymmetries included (a) the surface area per lipid, (b) the electron densities of the polar head groups, (c) the radial distributions of the choline groups, and (d) the average orientation of water surrounding the membranes. Next, the free energy perturbation method was used to begin calculating the change in free energy ([delta]Gbinding) from a Gramicidin monomer to its dimeric state, which were simulated via MD of supported DLPC, DMPC, and DEPC bilayers. The most notable effect was an asymmetry of the calculated free energies relative to the bilayer side closest to the solid support. In all three systems, there was a large difference in free energy between the Gramicidin monomers that were close to the support and the monomers further from the support.
Horizons and Null Infinity: A Fugue in 4 voices
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole horizons in equilibrium and null infinity of asymptotically flat space-times are null 3-manifolds but have very different physical connotations. We first show that they share a large number of geometric properties, making them both weakly isolated horizons. We then use this new unified perspective to unravel the origin of the drastic differences in the physics they contain. Interestingly, the themes are woven together in a manner reminiscent of voices in a fugue.
description: 9 pages. v2: minor amendments, one table added. Version to appear in Phys Rev D (Lett)
The Hegemony of International Standards: How is the ISO Legal Framework Established?
Creators: name: Magoge, Jackson Simango
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 480102
subject: Commercial law
classificationCode: 480103
subject: Corporations and associations law

description: This article explores the essential role of standards and standardization in the global context. Every year October 14th, Standards Day commemorates the work of Standards Development Organizations, which forge common ground in our diverse global marketplace. Standards are the cornerstone of product consistency, interconnectivity, and universal understanding. The paper delves into the history and development of standards, spotlighting organizations like the IEC and ISO that paved the way for seamless global trade. National standards bodies also play a vital role in setting industry benchmarks, certifying products, and representing their countries in international contexts. Standards act as the world's common language, fostering interchangeability, compatibility, and technology transfer. They break down trade barriers by harmonizing requirements and improving global communication through standardized signage and protocols. These standards benefit consumers, businesses, governments, and society by ensuring quality, safety, and environmental protection. Despite challenges in some domains, the role of standards in facilitating international business and projecting a global image remains paramount in our increasingly interconnected world.
Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg and Sobolev type inequalities on stratified Lie groups
Creators: name: Ruzhansky, Michael
name: Suragan, Durvudkhan
name: Yessirkegenov, Nurgissa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E30, 43A80

description: In this short paper, we establish a range of Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg and weighted $L^{p}$-Sobolev type inequalities on stratified Lie groups. All inequalities are obtained with sharp constants. Moreover, the equivalence of the Sobolev type inequality and Hardy inequality is shown in the $L^{2}$-case.
description: to appear in NoDEA
Black hole in closed spacetime with an anisotropic fluid
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spherically symmetric geometries made of anisotropic perfect fluid based on general relativity. The purpose of the work is to find and classify black hole solutions in closed spacetime. In a general setting, we find that a static and closed space exists only when the radial pressure is negative but its size is smaller than the density. The Einstein equation is eventually casted into a first order autonomous equation on two-dimensional plane of scale-invariant variables, which are equivalent to the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation in general relativity. Then, we display various solution curves numerically. An exact solution describing a black hole solution in a closed spacetime was known in Ref. [1], which solution bears a naked singularity and negative energy era. We find that the two deficits can be remedied when $ρ+3p_1>0$ and $ρ+p_1+2p_2< 0$, where the second violates the strong energy condition.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Luminous superclusters: remnants from inflation
Creators: name: Einasto, J.
name: Einasto, M.
name: Saar, E.
name: Tago, E.
name: Liivam"agi, L. J.
name: J~oeveer, M.
name: Suhhonenko, I.
name: H"utsi, G.
name: Jaaniste, J.
name: Hein"am"aki, P.
name: M"uller, V.
name: Knebe, A.
name: Tucker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the luminosity and multiplicity functions of superclusters compiled for the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (Data Release 4), and for three samples of simulated superclusters. We find for all supercluster samples Density Field (DF) clusters, which represent high-density peaks of the class of Abell clusters, and use median luminosities/masses of richness class 1 DF-clusters to calculate relative luminosity/mass functions. We show that the fraction of very luminous (massive) superclusters in real samples is more than tenfolds greater than in simulated samples. Superclusters are generated by large-scale density perturbations which evolve very slowly. The absence of very luminous superclusters in simulations can be explained either by non-proper treatment of large-scale perturbations, or by some yet unknown processes in the very early Universe.
description: 6 pages, 3 Figures, submitted for Astronomy and Astrophysics
MOESM1 of Caregiver experiences of public services following child trauma exposure: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Williamson, Victoria
name: Halligan, Sarah
name: Bronwyne Coetzee
name: Butler, Ian
name: Tomlinson, Mark
name: Skeen, Sarah
name: Stewart, Jackie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Participant Demographic Information.
title: ADCO, Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00075
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00075, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00075, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
Network Embedding as Matrix Factorization: Unifying DeepWalk, LINE, PTE, and node2vec
Creators: name: Qiu, Jiezhong
name: Dong, Yuxiao
name: Ma, Hao
name: Li, Jian
name: Wang, Kuansan
name: Tang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since the invention of word2vec, the skip-gram model has significantly advanced the research of network embedding, such as the recent emergence of the DeepWalk, LINE, PTE, and node2vec approaches. In this work, we show that all of the aforementioned models with negative sampling can be unified into the matrix factorization framework with closed forms. Our analysis and proofs reveal that: (1) DeepWalk empirically produces a low-rank transformation of a network's normalized Laplacian matrix; (2) LINE, in theory, is a special case of DeepWalk when the size of vertices' context is set to one; (3) As an extension of LINE, PTE can be viewed as the joint factorization of multiple networks' Laplacians; (4) node2vec is factorizing a matrix related to the stationary distribution and transition probability tensor of a 2nd-order random walk. We further provide the theoretical connections between skip-gram based network embedding algorithms and the theory of graph Laplacian. Finally, we present the NetMF method as well as its approximation algorithm for computing network embedding. Our method offers significant improvements over DeepWalk and LINE for conventional network mining tasks. This work lays the theoretical foundation for skip-gram based network embedding methods, leading to a better understanding of latent network representation learning.
description: 9 pages, published in WSDM 2018 proceedings
Defect mediated plasticity and mechanical properties of energetic and inert molecular single crystals
Creators: name: Ramos, Kyle James Michael
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Deformations (Mechanics)

description: Although deformation has been extensively studied in a wide range of materials, deformation in molecular crystals has received relatively little attention. Current research efforts in the explosives and pharmaceutical industries demonstrate that while attempts have been made to understand complex compaction processes, a basic understanding of elementary defects and deformation mechanisms in molecular materials is missing. Elementary deformation mechanisms have been inconclusively implicated in industrially important processes. These processes determine the safety and performance of energetic crystalline constituents in plastic bonded explosives and the overall bioavailability of therapeutic crystalline constituents in solid dosage pharmaceutical tablets. The significance of defects and deformation mechanisms in compaction processes has not been demonstrated because of the difficulties associated with studying deformation in molecular crystals that inherently possess low symmetry, inter- and intra-molecular degrees of freedom, and susceptibility to electron beam degradation. Dynamic and quasi-static deformation investigations of molecular single crystals were conducted to produce more easily interpretable results. Plate impact experiments on single crystals of the explosive cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) demonstrated the affect of defects on Hugoniot elastic limits. This illustrated that further understanding of defects and elementary deformation in molecular materials was necessary before efforts could be undertaken to experimentally assess proposed dislocation based mechanisms for shock initiation of detonation. As a consequence, quasi-static deformation investigations were pursued to characterize deformation mechanisms. Nanoindentation and scanning probe microscopy were selected as the most applicable techniques to study incipient plasticity and the brittle nature of molecular crystal deformation. A model material for both pharmaceuticals and explosives, i.e. sucrose, was used in initial studies to develop sample preparation and testing procedures. These efforts enabled investigation of deformation, beginning with elasticity and continuing through the elastic-plastic transition to incipient cracking, for {210}, {021}, and (001) oriented single crystals of RDX. The onset of plasticity occurred near the theoretical shear strength indicating homogeneous nucleation of dislocations while evidence of slip on six planes was observed. New slip modes seemed to appear as a function of imposed stress state. Compatibility conditions for crystalline materials were used to interpret the observations of orientation dependent plasticity and cracking in RDX.
title: 01_2605
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Negative Binomial States of Quantized Radiation Fields
Creators: name: Fu, Hong-Chen
name: Sasaki, Ryu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the negative binomial states with negative binomial distribution as their photon number distribution. They reduce to the ordinary coherent states and Susskind-Glogower phase states in different limits. The ladder and displacement operator formalisms are found and they are essentially the Perelomov's su(1,1) coherent states via its Holstein-Primakoff realisation. These states exhibit strong squeezing effect and they obey the super-Poissonian statistics. A method to generate these states is proposed.
description: 10 pages, latex2e, 2 EPS figures
Semantic Networks for Geodata Integration. Prehistoric Mining in the Eastern Alps
Creators: name: Hiebel, Gerald
name: Danthine, Brigit
name: Hornschuch, Annette
name: Reithmaier-Naef, Leandra
name: Scherer-Windisch, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Poster for the AGIT-Conference 2019 in Salzburg.
MOESM7 of In-feed bambermycin medication induces anti-inflammatory effects and prevents parietal cell loss without influencing Helicobacter suis colonization in the stomach of mice
Creators: name: Chloë De Witte
name: Taminiau, Bernard
name: Flahou, Bram
name: Hautekiet, Veerle
name: Daube, Georges
name: Ducatelle, Richard
name: Haesebrouck, Freddy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 7. Overview of the number of pyrosequencing reads for each mice. Group 1 = H. suis-negative control group without bambermycin supplementation; group 2 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 3 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 4 = H. suis-positive control group without bambermycin supplementation; group 5 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group; group 6 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group.
Decentralized Federated Learning: A Survey on Security and Privacy
Creators: name: Hallaji, Ehsan
name: Razavi-Far, Roozbeh
name: Saif, Mehrdad
name: Wang, Boyu
name: Yang, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning has been rapidly evolving and gaining popularity in recent years due to its privacy-preserving features, among other advantages. Nevertheless, the exchange of model updates and gradients in this architecture provides new attack surfaces for malicious users of the network which may jeopardize the model performance and user and data privacy. For this reason, one of the main motivations for decentralized federated learning is to eliminate server-related threats by removing the server from the network and compensating for it through technologies such as blockchain. However, this advantage comes at the cost of challenging the system with new privacy threats. Thus, performing a thorough security analysis in this new paradigm is necessary. This survey studies possible variations of threats and adversaries in decentralized federated learning and overviews the potential defense mechanisms. Trustability and verifiability of decentralized federated learning are also considered in this study.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Big Data
Buffer gas modifiers in ion mobility spectrometry
Creators: name: Fernandez-Maestre, Roberto
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Ion mobility spectroscopy

description: Liquid dopants (modifiers) were vaporized into the buffer gas of an ion mobility spectrometer to change ion mobilities. In this investigation, ion mobilities varied to different extent depending on the structure and size of ions, and the concentration of the buffer gas modifier. Steric hindrance and intramolecular bridges produced low responsiveness of ions to modifiers by inhibiting clustering. The mobilities of several chemical standards for ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) decreased when modifiers were introduced into the buffer gas to simulate contamination. The order of reduction in mobility with contamination in the buffer gas was: tetraalkylammonium ions
Highlights from the VERITAS AGN Observation Program
Creators: name: Benbow, Wystan
name: Collaboration, the VERITAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VERITAS is one of the world's most sensitive detectors of astrophysical VHE (Very High Energy; E > 100 GeV) gamma rays. This array of four 12-m imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes has operated for ~10 years, and nearly 5000 hours of observations have been targeted on active galactic nuclei (AGN). These studies of blazars and radio galaxies have resulted in 36 detections. Most of these detections are accompanied by contemporaneous, broadband observations, which enable detailed studies of the underlying jet-powered processes. Recent highlights from the VERITAS AGN observation program and scientific results are presented.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; Contribution to the Proceedings of the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017), Busan, South Korea;
Analysis and Optimization of Population Annealing
Creators: name: Amey, Chris
name: Machta, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Population annealing is an easily parallelizable sequential Monte Carlo algorithm that is well-suited for simulating the equilibrium properties of systems with rough free energy landscapes. In this work we seek to understand and improve the performance of population annealing. We derive several useful relations between quantities that describe the performance of population annealing and use these relations to suggest methods to optimize the algorithm. These optimization methods were tested by performing large-scale simulations of the 3D Edwards-Anderson (Ising) spin glass and measuring several observables. The optimization methods were found to substantially decrease the amount of computational work necessary as compared to previously used, unoptimized versions of population annealing. We also obtain more accurate values of several important observables for the 3D Edwards-Anderson model.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; journal version
Reactivity of oxygen species in homogeneous and heterogeneous aqueous environments
Creators: name: Furman, Olha
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Chlorine

description: Three different topics related to the reactivity of oxygen species in homogenous and heterogeneous aqueous environments were studied. An introduction that covers theory and motivation for the research is presented in the first chapter. The second and third chapters examine superoxide reactivity in water-aprotic solvent and water-solid mixtures, respectively. Superoxide species are of interest in environmental chemistry because they have potential to destroy highly oxidized organic chemicals such as chlorinated solvents, pesticides, dioxins and other chemicals that are carcinogenic in majority cases. Superoxide is a strong nucleophile in organic solvents; however, it shows a significantly lower reactivity in aqueous systems. The results of the first phase of research revealed that increasing amounts of water added to nonaqueous systems decreased the activity of superoxide in the nonaqueous media, but enough activity remained for effective treatment. Superoxide was then generated in the aqueous phase of two-phase water organic media systems, and significant superoxide activity was achieved in the organic media with the addition of phase transfer catalysts (crown ether and polyethylene glycol) to transfer superoxide into the nonaqueous phase. The results of this research demonstrate that superoxide that is generated in water photochemically, electrochemically, or through the catalytic decomposition of peroxygens has the potential to be transferred to oils, sludges, and other less toxic nonaqueous media to destroy highly refractory contaminants such as PCDDs. The results of the second phase of study on superoxide reactivity in water-solid matrices showed that similar to the addition of solvents, the presence of solid surfaces also enhances the reactivity of superoxide in water, possibly by altering the superoxide solvation shell. Linear relations were found between superoxide reactivity and surface area of the solids in aqueous solutions. The third phase of research elucidates the mechanism of base activated persulfate system, which has important implications for groundwater and soil treatment processes. A mechanism for base activated persulfate was proposed in which 1) persulfate decomposes to hydroperoxide through alkaline hydrolysis, and 2) hydroperoxide reduce another persulfate molecule resulting in the formation of sulfate radical and sulfate; the hydroperoxide is then oxidized to superoxide.
Scaling of the critical temperature and quark potential with a renormalization group improved SU(3) gauge action
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Yoshié, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling property of the ratio of the critical temperature $T_c$ to the square root of the string tension $σ$ in the SU(3) pure gauge theory using a renormalization group improved action. We first determine the critical coupling $β_c$ on lattices with temporal extension $N_t=4$ and 6, and then calculate the static quark potential at the critical couplings on lattices at zero temperature. The values of $T_{c}/\sqrtσ$ in the infinite volume limit are identical within errors, while they are slightly larger than the value extrapolated to the continuum limit with the standard action. We also note that the rotational invariance of the static quark potential is remarkably restored in the both cases, and that the potential $V(R)$ in physical units scales in the whole region of $R$ investigated.
description: 3 pages of Latex, 5 PostScript figures, Talk presented at LATTICE96(finite temperature)
Additional file 1 of Pectoralis muscle area and mortality in smokers without airflow obstruction
Creators: name: Diaz, Alejandro
name: Martinez, Carlos
name: Harmouche, Rola
name: Young, Thomas
name: Merry-Lynn McDonald
name: Ross, James
name: Han, Mei
name: Bowler, Russell
name: Make, Barry
name: Regan, Elizabeth
name: Silverman, Edwin
name: Crapo, James
name: Aladin Boriek
name: Kinney, Gregory
name: Hokanson, John
name: Estepar, Raul
name: Washko, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Figure S1. Plot of the pectoralis muscle area (PMA) to paravertebral muscle area (PVMA). The relationship between the muscle groups was significant (R2 = 0.44, P
Analysis of the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Flux Changes with Fuel Burnup
Creators: name: Hayes, Anna
name: Jungman, Gerard
name: McCutchan, Libby
name: Sonzogni, Alejandro
name: Garvey, Gerry
name: Wang, Xiaobao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the recent Daya Bay results on the changes in the antineutrino flux and spectrum with the burnup of the reactor fuel. We find that the discrepancy between current model predictions and the Daya Bay results can be traced to the original measured $^{235}$U/$^{239}$Pu ratio of the fission beta spectra that were used as a base for the expected antineutrino fluxes. An analysis of the antineutrino spectra that is based on a summation over all fission fragment beta-decays, using nuclear database input, explains all of the features seen in the Daya Bay evolution data. However, this summation method still predicts an anomaly. Thus, we conclude that there is currently not enough information to use the antineutrino flux changes to rule out the possible existence of sterile neutrinos.
Panoramic Image Inpainting With Gated Convolution And Contextual Reconstruction Loss
Creators: name: Yu, Li
name: Gao, Yanjun
name: Pakdaman, Farhad
name: Gabbouj, Moncef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning-based methods have demonstrated encouraging results in tackling the task of panoramic image inpainting. However, it is challenging for existing methods to distinguish valid pixels from invalid pixels and find suitable references for corrupted areas, thus leading to artifacts in the inpainted results. In response to these challenges, we propose a panoramic image inpainting framework that consists of a Face Generator, a Cube Generator, a side branch, and two discriminators. We use the Cubemap Projection (CMP) format as network input. The generator employs gated convolutions to distinguish valid pixels from invalid ones, while a side branch is designed utilizing contextual reconstruction (CR) loss to guide the generators to find the most suitable reference patch for inpainting the missing region. The proposed method is compared with state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods on SUN360 Street View dataset in terms of PSNR and SSIM. Experimental results and ablation study demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms SOTA both quantitatively and qualitatively.
description: Copyright 2024 IEEE - to appear in IEEE ICASSP 2024
title: Leadership and student voice at one high school
title: An action research study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Campbell, Tammy L.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: High school students

description: The purpose of this action research study is to explore how student voice is expressed at one high school with a reputation for promoting meaningful voice and to identify the role the principal plays in promoting a culture of student voice. Questions guiding this study include (a) How does student voice live at the school? (b) What are the beliefs and actions of administrators, specifically the principal, in promoting voice at the school? (c) How can student voice be enhanced at the school, and, by extension, at other district high schools? This action research study relied on qualitative methods including focus group interviews for students and individual interviews and observations of teachers and administrators. Additionally, students participated in this study as co-researchers by collecting interview data from other students at the school. Data were analyzed collaboratively with the school?s administrative team, which was comprised of the principal and principal assistant. The students at the high school described a culture wherein student voice is promoted by staff who (a) signal they are listening to students, (b) know and care about students, (c) act on student insights with real changes in school practices and policy, and (d) ensure those changes improve the school and student learning. The perceptions of students, teachers, and the administrators paint a picture of a principal who plays a significant role in creating a school culture for voice at the school. Students, teachers, and administrators describe a school culture wherein the principal and the administrative team have a vision for student voice. Acting on this vision, the principal and the administrative team model a "firstness" to students in an informal culture which is absent the typical power dynamics found between adults and students in many schools. The school principal encourages teacher use of student-centered instructional strategies to personalize learning, while decision making is shared between students and teachers in an environment of respect and kindness. School structures that support and enhance voice compliment these practices throughout the school.
A Short Intense Dynamo at the Onset of Crystallization in White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Fuentes, J. R.
name: Castro-Tapia, Matias
name: Cumming, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of large magnetic fields ($\gtrsim 10^6~\mathrm{G}$) in isolated white dwarfs is not clear. One possible explanation is that crystallization of the star's core drives compositional convection, which when combined with the star's rotation, can drive a dynamo. However, whether convection is efficient enough to explain the large intensity of the observed magnetic fields is still under debate. Recent work has shown that convection in cooling white dwarfs spans two regimes: efficient convection at the onset of crystallization, and thermohaline convection during most of the star's cooling history. Here, we calculate the properties of crystallization-driven convection for cooling models of several white dwarfs of different masses. We combine mixing-length theory with scalings from magneto-rotational convection to estimate the typical magnitude of the convective velocity and induced magnetic field for both scenarios. In the thermohaline regime, we find velocities $\sim 10^{-6}$--$10^{-5}~\mathrm{cm~s^{-1}}$, with fields restricted to $\lesssim~100~\mathrm{G}$. However, when convection is efficient, the flow velocity can reach magnitudes of $\sim 10^2$--$10^3~\mathrm{cm~s^{-1}}$, with fields of $\sim 10^6$--$10^8~\mathrm{G}$, independent of the star's rotation rate. Thus, dynamos driven at the onset of crystallization could explain the large intensity magnetic fields measured for single white dwarfs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Observations of the recently discovered dwarf nova 1RXS J053234.9+624755 during the 2005 March superoutburst
Creators: name: Poyner, Gary
name: Shears, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 1RXS J053234.9+624755 is a recently discovered dwarf nova. We present CCD and visual photometry during March 2005 of the first ever observed superoutburst in this system
description: 3 pages, 6 figures
title: Alleviating chronic sleep debt in early adolescence
title: Can a school based intervention make a difference?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Richardson, Barbara B.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Sleep Deprivation

description: In the past decade, researchers have gained a better understanding of adolescent sleep needs, and have developed a growing concern for the chronically insufficient quantity and quality of sleep experienced by up to 80% of today s youth (National Sleep Foundation, 2006). While tolerance for inadequate sleep varies among individuals, a growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that inadequate sleep results in varying degrees of increased daytime sleepiness, and may negatively impact health, behavior, emotions, and academic achievement. The underlying causes of insufficient quantity and quality of sleep may be related to behavioral, environmental, and /or physiological factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate an educational program designed to increase nightly sleep time towards a target goal of the recommended 9 hours per night. The educational program, Sleep For Your Health, aimed to increase awareness of the importance of adequate sleep in 12-14 year old adolescents through implementation of a school-based curriculum. Two theories, Bruner s (1966) Discovery Learning model and Bronfenbrenner s (2005) bio-ecological theory, provided the framework for curriculum development. The pretest-posttest study with an intervention group and a control group included two classes of combined 7th and 8th grade students (n=48) attending an urban public middle school. Total sleep time (TST) was measured using wrist actigraphy. Daytime sleepiness (DS) was measured using the Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire (CASQ). Following the educational program, conducted weekly for six consecutive weeks, TST and DS were reassessed. No significant relationship existed between TST and DS, or sleep quality and DS. No significant changes in mean TST or DS scores occurred in the intervention group compared to the control group. Student and parent scores on a post-intervention quiz demonstrated a strong understanding of the concepts presented in the Sleep for Your Health curriculum. On the post-intervention survey, the majority of students indicated they were trying to get more nightly sleep, with 55% demonstrating an increase in sleep time by an average of 65 minutes a night. Based on post-intervention feedback from participants, the approach was acceptable, with only minor suggestions offered for improvement in the curriculum.
Cross-over between Magnetic and Electric Edges in Quantum Hall Systems
Creators: name: Nogaret, Alain
name: Mondal, Puja
name: Kumar, Ankip
name: Ghosh, Sankalpa
name: Beere, Harvey
name: Ritchi, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the transition from magnetic edge to electric edge transport in a split magnetic gate device which applies a notch magnetic field to a two-dimensional electron gas. The gate bias allows tuning the overlap of magnetic and electric edge wavefunctions on the scale of the magnetic length. Conduction at magnetic edges - in the 2D-bulk - is found to compete with conduction at electric edges until magnetic edges become depleted. Current lines then move to the electrostatic edges as in the conventional quantum Hall picture. The conductivity was modelled using the quantum Boltzmann equation in the exact hybrid potential. The theory predicts the features of the bulk-edge cross-over in good agreement with experiment.
description: latex file, four figures( Experiment and Theory) , Rapid Communication ( supplementary information available at https://journals.aps.org/prb/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.081302 or upon request)
Are We Asking the Right Questions?: Designing for Community Stakeholders' Interactions with AI in Policing
Creators: name: Haque, MD Romael
name: Saxena, Devansh
name: Weathington, Katy
name: Chudzik, Joseph
name: Guha, Shion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research into recidivism risk prediction in the criminal legal system has garnered significant attention from HCI, critical algorithm studies, and the emerging field of human-AI decision-making. This study focuses on algorithmic crime mapping, a prevalent yet underexplored form of algorithmic decision support (ADS) in this context. We conducted experiments and follow-up interviews with 60 participants, including community members, technical experts, and law enforcement agents (LEAs), to explore how lived experiences, technical knowledge, and domain expertise shape interactions with the ADS, impacting human-AI decision-making. Surprisingly, we found that domain experts (LEAs) often exhibited anchoring bias, readily accepting and engaging with the first crime map presented to them. Conversely, community members and technical experts were more inclined to engage with the tool, adjust controls, and generate different maps. Our findings highlight that all three stakeholders were able to provide critical feedback regarding AI design and use - community members questioned the core motivation of the tool, technical experts drew attention to the elastic nature of data science practice, and LEAs suggested redesign pathways such that the tool could complement their domain expertise.
Chiral corrections to the axial charges of the octet baryons from quenched QCD
Creators: name: Kim, Myunggyu
name: Kim, Seyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate one-loop correction to the axial charges of the octet baryons using quenched chiral perturbation theory, in order to understand chiral behavior of the axial charges in quenched approximation to quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In contrast to regular behavior of the full QCD chiral perturbation theory result, $c_0+c_{l2}m_π^2\,\ln{m_π^2}+\cdots$, we find that the quenched chiral perturbation theory result, $c_0^Q+(c_{l0}^Q+c_{l2}^Qm_π^2)\ln{m_π^2}+c_2^Q m_π^2+\cdots$, is singular in the chiral limit.
description: standard LaTeX, 16 pages, 4 epsf figures
Additional file 2: of Associations of the plasma lipidome with mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Maile, Michael
name: Standiford, Theodore
name: Engoren, Milo
name: Stringer, Kathleen
name: Jewell, Elizabeth
name: Thekkelnaycke Rajendiran
name: Tanu Soni
name: Burant, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Heatmaps of the differences in the Pearsonâ s r correlation coefficient between survivors and nonsurvivors. Lipids are arranged based on hierarchical clustering using a complete linkage algorithm. The dendrogram shows how lipids were arranged relative each other. The group of lipids that has a greater correlation in survivors (red font) contains most of the lipids that had a greater concentration in those who died and contains many lipids that originate from the cell membrane. The cluster with the greatest amount of correlation among non-survivors (yellow highlighting) contains primarily glycerolipids consisting mostly of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These observations suggest that these groups of lipids play an important role for the outcome of patients with ARDS. (PDF 119Â kb)
title: Are perceptions of media bias an effective shortcut?
title: Why people perceive bias and why it matters
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Smith, Glen R.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Press -- Public opinion

description: A large portion of Americans perceive a political bias in the news media. Past research suggests that people's perceptions of bias act as a cognitive shortcut, used to evaluate the accuracy of the news. In this research, I examine the effectiveness of the bias heuristic in protecting people from biased news sources. Using both survey and experimental data, I find that people reject news from sources they consider biased, even if there is no evidence of bias in the news from that source. Specifically, the results suggest that only strong partisans (who are least susceptible to media effects) perceive bias because of slant in the news. Meanwhile, independents and weaker partisans base their perceptions of bias on the content of opinion columns and editorials. Despite this, they still use those perceptions of bias to reject the content of the news, but not opinion content. In addition, I find that elite attacks on the media increase perceptions of bias independent of any actual slant in the news. Taken together, the results suggest that perceptions of bias are an ineffective cognitive shortcut to evaluate the accuracy of the news. Perceptions of bias are likely to undermine the news media's ability to inform the public, while failing to protect individuals from biased news organizations.