cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interacting Holographic Dark Energy, the Present Accelerated Expansion and Black Holes
Creators: name: Nayak, Bibekananda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the universe by assuming an integrated model, which involves interacting dark energy and holographic principle with Hubble scale as IR cutoff. First we determined the interaction rate at which matter is converting to dark energy. In the next step, we evaluated the equation of state parameter which describes the nature of dark energy. Our result predicts that the present state of the universe is dominated by quintessence type dark energy and it will become phantom dominated in near future. Again our analysis successfully addresses the problem of present accelerated expansion of the universe and softens the coincidence problem. We also found that the universe was previously undergoing a decelerated phase of expansion and transition from deceleration to acceleration would occur at a time $t_{q=0}=0.732 t_0$, where $t_0$ is the present age of the universe. Finally, we discuss the evolution of Black Holes in this environment.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
title: Myrrhis odorata
title: Süßdolde (Myrrhis odorata)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder der Süßdolde.
title: Laser trilobum
title: Roßkümmel (Laser trilobum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild des Roßkümmels.
title: Molopospermum peloponnesciacum
title: Striemensame (Molopospermum peloponnesciacum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 10 Bilder des Striemensamens.
Additional file 1 of Uptake of health economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in Australia: an observational study
Creators: name: Carrandi, Alayna
name: Wells, Cynthia
name: Morton, Rachael L.
name: Norman, Richard
name: Skouteris, Helen
name: Grove, Amy
name: Higgins, Alisa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Ultrametricity and Memory in a Solvable Model of Self-Organized Criticality
Creators: name: Boettcher, Stefan
name: Paczuski, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slowly driven dissipative systems may evolve to a critical state where long periods of apparent equilibrium are punctuated by intermittent avalanches of activity. We present a self-organized critical model of punctuated equilibrium behavior in the context of biological evolution, and solve it in the limit that the number of independent traits for each species diverges. We derive an exact equation of motion for the avalanche dynamics from the microscopic rules. In the continuum limit, avalanches propagate via a diffusion equation with a nonlocal, history-dependent potential representing memory. This nonlocal potential gives rise to a non-Gaussian (fat) tail for the subdiffusive spreading of activity. The probability for the activity to spread beyond a distance $r$ in time $s$ decays as $\sqrt{24\overπ}s^{-3/2}x^{1/3} \exp{[-{3\over 4}x^{1/3}]}$ for $x={r^4\over s} \gg 1$. The potential represents a hierarchy of time scales that is dynamically generated by the ultrametric structure of avalanches, which can be quantified in terms of ``backward'' avalanches. In addition, a number of other correlation functions characterizing the punctuated equilibrium dynamics are determined exactly.
description: 44 pages, Revtex, (12 ps-figures included)
title: Carum carvi
title: Wiesen-Kümmel (Carum carvi)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 14 Bilder des Wiesen-Kümmels.
title: I, the Nomad: Exploring Un/Bodiment, Multiplicity, Difference and the Self
Creators: name: Miroiu, Crisia
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cultural identity
subject: Romani heritage
subject: creative research - sculpture

description: This practice-led research project adopts a framework informed by nomadic theory and intersectional feminism, and it employs autoethnographic methods and multidisciplinary creative studio methodologies. Through sculpture in the context of a visual arts practice that draws on my Romani-Romanian heritage, this project aims to investigate the self and create new knowledge about female subjectivity. It creates a safe space of reflection upon my personal and collective histories as modes of difference. It examines the cultural stigma of being Romani and my familial denial of this aspect of our cultural identity through my lived experience of childhood trauma. It surveys agency over my body, and the ways in which my relationship with my body is negotiated. It merges explorations of identity construction and multiple becomings, and reflects upon the transience, contingence and fluidity of the subject. It highlights contradictions and restrictions of nomadism and migration, past memory, presentness and absence, belonging and unbelonging, nurturedness and relatedness to which audience and readers can easily connect. It opens up new questions on the dimensions of my autobiographical narrative, collective history and Romani-Romanian cultural knowledge that remain irretrievable yet paradoxically retrievable, and how this impacts my creative practice.
Non-degenerate conditionings of the exit measures of super-Brownian motion
Creators: name: Salisbury, Thomas S.
name: Verzani, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce several martingale changes of measure of the law of the exit measure of super Brownian motion. These changes of measure include and generalize one arising by conditioning the exit measures to charge a point on the boun dary of a 2-dimensional domain. In the case we discuss this is a non-degenerate conditioning. We give characterizations of the new processes in terms of "immortal particle" branching processes with immigration of mass, and give application s to the study of solutions to Lu = cu^2 in D. The representations are related to those in an earlier paper, which treated the case of degenerate conditionings.
Inversion-protected higher order topological superconductivity in monolayer WTe$_2$
Creators: name: Hsu, Yi-Ting
name: Cole, William S.
name: Zhang, Rui-Xing
name: Sau, Jay D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer WTe$_2$, a centrosymmetric transition metal dichacogenide, has recently been established as a quantum spin Hall insulator and found superconducting upon gating. Here we study the pairing symmetry and topological nature of superconducting WTe$_2$ with a microscopic model at mean-field level. Surprisingly, we find that the spin-triplet phases in our phase diagram all host Majorana modes localized on two opposite corners. Even when the conventional pairing is favored, we find that an intermediate in-plane magnetic field exceeding the Pauli limit stabilizes an unconventional equal-spin pairing aligning with the field, which also hosts Majorana corner modes. Motivated by our findings, we obtain a recipe for two-dimensional superconductors featuring "higher-order topology" from the boundary perspective: Generally a superconducting inversion-symmetric quantum spin Hall material whose normal-state Fermi surface is away from high-symmetry points, such as gated monolayer WTe$_2$, hosts Majorana corner modes if the superconductivity is parity-odd. We further point out that this higher-order phase is an inversion-protected topological crystalline superconductor and study the bulk-boundary correspondence. Finally, we discuss possible experiments for probing the Majorana corner modes. Our findings suggest superconducting monolayer WTe$_2$ is a playground for higher-order topological superconductivity, and possibly the first material realization for inversion-protected Majorana corner modes without utilizing proximity effect.
description: 5+8 pages, 4+5 figures
A Taxonomy for Blockchain-based Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN)
Creators: name: Ballandies, Mark C.
name: Wang, Hongyang
name: Chung Chee Law, Andrew
name: Yang, Joshua C.
name: Gösken, Christophe
name: Andrew, Michael
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: DePINs
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)
Cryptoeconomic design
Physicial infrastructure network
Governance models
Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
Networking Protocols
Token Mechanisms

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 03/2023
36-171-1-PB.pdf
Creators: name: Calderón, Omar Vivas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130202 Curriculum and Pedagogy Theory and Development
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Este artículo ABORDA los Referentes Teóricos de los Aprendizajes Productos para el Desarrollo de la Educación en Sectores del tanto urbanos Como rurales.
Essays in Passive Investing and Asset Pricing
Creators: Dovman, Polina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Finance
Individual investors
Stocks--Prices
Capital market--Mathematical models
Capital assets pricing model

description: This dissertation studies topics in Passive Investing and Asset Pricing. The first chapter, "When do flows matter for asset prices: Evidence from adoption of ETF creation in Israel," focuses on the effect of capital allocation to passive investments on asset prices. We study a 2012 reform in Israel where all exchange traded products listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (TASE) adopted the Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) creation mechanism wherein designated market makers arbitrage between the index price and the net asset value of its benchmark. The reform greatly decreased the cost of this arbitrage activity and translated into a significant increase in demand for passive investments. The effect was stronger for illiquid indices containing smaller stocks. We show that the price effects of the reform were dramatically higher for stocks located at the top of indices composed of smaller stocks relative to stocks at the bottom of indices composed of bigger stocks. A 1 p.p. increase in passive ownership as a percent of market capitalization leads to an 11.7% increase in the price of stocks. Our findings provide new evidence on how passive inflows can change the distribution of capital across indices, and in turn impact price efficiency. In the second chapter, "Passive Investing and Algorithmic Trading," I examine the trading behavior of market participants against the growing demand for passive investing. I show that the growth of passive investing and algorithmic trading is complementary and mutually reinforcing. Algorithmic traders respond to a spike in demand for passive investments listed on the TASE following a major reform in the Israeli index market in 2012 by front-running the index inflows. Algorithmic traders accumulate stocks when index inflows are low and sell stocks when they are high. Based on this strategy, algorithmic traders earn a 12.7% annualized return in realized gains over passive strategies in the same period. Instead, Mutual Funds load on the index when inflows are high.
Transferable and extensible machine learning derived atomic charges for modeling hybrid nanoporous materials
Creators: name: Korolev, Vadim
name: Mitrofanov, Artem
name: Marchenko, Ekaterina
name: Eremin, Nickolay
name: Tkachenko, Valery
name: Kalmykov, Stepan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoporous materials have attracted significant interest as an emerging platform for adsorption-related applications. The high-throughput computational screening became a standard technique to access the performance of thousands of candidates, but its accuracy is highly dependent on a partial charge assignment method. In this study, we propose a machine learning model that can reconcile the benefits of two main approaches-the high accuracy of density-derived electrostatic and chemical charge (DDEC) method and the scalability of charge equilibration (Qeq) method. The mean absolute deviation of predicted partial charges from the original DDEC counterparts archive an excellent level of 0.01e. The model, initially designed for metal-organic frameworks, is also capable of assigning charges to another class of nanoporous materials, covalent organic frameworks, with acceptable accuracy. Adsorption properties of carbon dioxide, calculated by means of machine learning derived charges, are consistent with the reference data obtained with DDEC charges.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
title: Aethusa cynapium
title: Hundspetersilie (Aethusa cynapium)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 10 Bilder der Hundspetersilie.
PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION ON GAS HYDRATE RESERVOIR SYSTEM OF SHENHU AREA, NORTH SLOPE OF SOUTH CHINA SEA
Creators: name: Wu, Nengyou
name: Yang, Shengxiong
name: Zhang, Haiqi
name: Liang, Jinqiang
name: Wang, Hongbin
name: Su, Xin
name: Fu, Shaoying
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Gas hydrate is a very complicated reservoir system characterized of temperature, pressure, gas composition, pore-water geochemical features, and gas sources, gas hydrate distribution within the gas hydrate stability zone. Temperature, pressure and the gas composition of the sediments were suitable for gas hydrate formation in the gas hydrate reservoir system of Shenhu Area, north slope of South China Sea. The high-resolution seismic data and the gas hydrate drilling getting high concentrations of hydrate (>40%) in a disseminated form in foram-rich clay sediment showed that gas hydrate is distributed heterogeneously at all spatial scales in all drill holes, and the hydrate-bearing sediments ranged several ten meters in thickness are located in the lower part of gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), just above the bottom of gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ). It is likely seem that the methane to crystallize gas hydrate is from in-situ microbial methane.
title: Chaerophyllum temulum
title: Taumel-Kälberkropf (Chaerophyllum temulum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Hecken-Kälberkropf
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 13 Bilder des Taumel-Kälberkropfes.
title: Chaerophyllum hirsutum ssp. villarsii
title: Villars Kälberkropf (Chaerophyllum hirsutum ssp. villarsii)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Alpen-Kälberkropf
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 20 Bilder des Villarschen Kälberkropfes.
title: Chaerophyllum aureum
title: Gold-Kälberkropf (Chaerophyllum aureum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder des Gold-Kälberkropfes.
Dusty Rings: Signposts of Recent Planet Formation
Creators: name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Bromley, Benjamin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many nearby stars are surrounded by a bright ring or disk of cold dust. Our calculations show that these disks and rings of dust are signposts of recent planet formation. Bright rings appear because dust associated with the formation of a planet absorbs and scatters light from the central star. The calculations explain the rings observed so far and predict that all nascent solar systems have dusty rings.
description: 9 pages of text, 2 black & white figures, and 2 color jpeg images. Two animations are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kenyon/pf/sp/movies.html Accepted for the Astrophysical Journal (Letters)
From Finite Sets to Feynman Diagrams
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
name: Dolan, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: `Categorification' is the process of replacing equations by isomorphisms. We describe some of the ways a thoroughgoing emphasis on categorification can simplify and unify mathematics. We begin with elementary arithmetic, where the category of finite sets serves as a categorified version of the set of natural numbers, with disjoint union and Cartesian product playing the role of addition and multiplication. We sketch how categorifying the integers leads naturally to the infinite loop space Omega^infinity S^infinity, and how categorifying the positive rationals leads naturally to a notion of the `homotopy cardinality' of a tame space. Then we show how categorifying formal power series leads to Joyal's `especes des structures', or `structure types'. We also describe a useful generalization of structure types called `stuff types'. There is an inner product of stuff types that makes the category of stuff types into a categorified version of the Hilbert space of the quantized harmonic oscillator. We conclude by sketching how this idea gives a nice explanation of the combinatorics of Feynman diagrams.
description: 30 pages LaTeX, 5 encapsulated Postscript figures
Media Bias and Climate Change Skepticism
Creators: name: Ash, Elliott
name: Boltachka, Anton
name: Galletta, Sergio
name: Pinna, Matteo
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Climate change attitudes
Media influence
Cable Television
Fox News Channel
Instrumental Variable (IV) Approach

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 05/2023
Additional file 2 of Uptake of health economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in Australia: an observational study
Creators: name: Carrandi, Alayna
name: Wells, Cynthia
name: Morton, Rachael L.
name: Norman, Richard
name: Skouteris, Helen
name: Grove, Amy
name: Higgins, Alisa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
title: Chaerophyllum hirsutum
title: Behaarter Kälberkropf (Chaerophyllum hirsutum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Rauhhaariger Kälberkropf
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 20 Bilder des Behaarten Kälberkropfes.
The Court Speaks, But Who Listens? Automated Compliance Review of the GDPR
Creators: name: Zac, Amit
name: Wey, Pablo
name: Bechtold, Stefan
name: Rodriguez, David
name: Del Alamo, Jose M.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Privacy
GDPR
Machine Learning
GPT

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 01/2024
metaNanoPype: a reproducible Nanopore python pipeline for metabarcoding
Creators: name: Sousa, António
name: Hotz, Hans-Rudolf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: 16S rRNA
Nanopore
metabarcoding
pipeline

description: metaNanoPype is a modular python based pipeline for reproducible analysis of nanopore metabarcoding data. It contains the following modules:: (I) demultiplexing (not implemented yet); (II) quality-assessment (implemented); (III) quality-filtering and trimming (implemented); (IV) polishing/read correction (not implemented yet); (V) taxonomic classification (implemented); (VI) diversity analyses (alpha- and beta-diversity) (implemented). Depending on the step, the module can include more than one option, i.e., tool/algorithm, to allow flexibility to the user. During each step, a log file is generated with relevant information to build a report (an additional option) in html format describing the results, versions of software used as well scripts and references of the software.
Seeing and Hearing is Believing: The Role of Audiovisual Communication in Shaping Inflation Expectations
Creators: name: Ash, Elliott
name: Mikosch, Heiner
name: Perakis, Alexis
name: Sarferaz, Samad
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Inflation expectations
Central Bank communication
Randomized survey experiment
Communication mediums
Monetary policy

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 02/2024
Additional file 3: of A validated single-cell-based strategy to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets in complex diseases
Creators: name: Gawel, Danuta
name: Serra-Musach, Jordi
name: Lilja, Sandra
name: Aagesen, Jesper
name: Arenas, Alex
name: Asking, Bengt
name: Bengnér, Malin
name: Björkander, Janne
name: Biggs, Sophie
name: Ernerudh, Jan
name: Hjortswang, Henrik
name: Karlsson, Jan-Erik
name: Köpsen, Mattias
name: Lee, Eun
name: Lentini, Antonio
name: Li, Xinxiu
name: Magnusson, Mattias
name: Martínez-Enguita, David
name: Matussek, Andreas
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Schäfer, Samuel
name: Seifert, Oliver
name: Sonmez, Ceylan
name: Stjernman, Henrik
name: Tjärnberg, Andreas
name: Wu, Simon
name: Åkesson, Karin
name: Shalek, Alex
name: Stenmarker, Margaretha
name: Zhang, Huan
name: Gustafsson, Mika
name: Benson, Mikael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Contains Tables S1–S4. (PDF 79 kb)
The Unintended Consequences of Pandemic Lockdowns: Evidence on Domestic Violence in Italy
Creators: name: Bochenkova, Alena
name: Buonanno, Paolo
name: Deiana, Claudio
name: Galletta, Sergio
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Domestic violence
Lockdown
COVID-19

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 03/2024
Monochromatic homotopy theory is asymptotically algebraic
Creators: name: Barthel, Tobias
name: Schlank, Tomer M.
name: Stapleton, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In previous work, we used an $\infty$-categorical version of ultraproducts to show that, for a fixed height $n$, the symmetric monoidal $\infty$-categories of $E_{n,p}$-local spectra are asymptotically algebraic in the prime $p$. In this paper, we prove the analogous result for the symmetric monoidal $\infty$-categories of $K_{p}(n)$-local spectra, where $K_{p}(n)$ is Morava $K$-theory at height $n$ and the prime $p$. This requires $\infty$-categorical tools suitable for working with compactly generated symmetric monoidal $\infty$-categories with non-compact unit. The equivalences that we produce here are compatible with the equivalences for the $E_{n,p}$-local $\infty$-categories.
description: 33 pages
CondConv: Conditionally Parameterized Convolutions for Efficient Inference
Creators: name: Yang, Brandon
name: Bender, Gabriel
name: Le, Quoc V.
name: Ngiam, Jiquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional layers are one of the basic building blocks of modern deep neural networks. One fundamental assumption is that convolutional kernels should be shared for all examples in a dataset. We propose conditionally parameterized convolutions (CondConv), which learn specialized convolutional kernels for each example. Replacing normal convolutions with CondConv enables us to increase the size and capacity of a network, while maintaining efficient inference. We demonstrate that scaling networks with CondConv improves the performance and inference cost trade-off of several existing convolutional neural network architectures on both classification and detection tasks. On ImageNet classification, our CondConv approach applied to EfficientNet-B0 achieves state-of-the-art performance of 78.3% accuracy with only 413M multiply-adds. Code and checkpoints for the CondConv Tensorflow layer and CondConv-EfficientNet models are available at: https://github.com/tensorflow/tpu/tree/master/models/official/efficientnet/condconv.
Additional file 3 of Uptake of health economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in Australia: an observational study
Creators: name: Carrandi, Alayna
name: Wells, Cynthia
name: Morton, Rachael L.
name: Norman, Richard
name: Skouteris, Helen
name: Grove, Amy
name: Higgins, Alisa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3.
title: Chaerophyllum bulbosum
title: Knolliger Kälberkropf (Chaerophyllum bulbosum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 4 Bilder des Knolligen Kälberkropfes.
Observational Implications of a Plerionic Environment for GRBs
Creators: name: Guetta, Dafne
name: Granot, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider GRBs that occur inside pulsar wind bubbles (PWBs), in the context of the supranova model, where initially a supernova explosion takes place, leaving behind a supra-massive neutron star (SMNS), which eventually loses its rotational energy and collapses to a black hole, triggering a GRB explosion. The most natural mechanism by which the SMNS can lose its rotational energy is through a strong pulsar type wind, between the supernova and the GRB events, which is expected to create a PWB. We analyze in some detail the observational implications of such a plerionic environment on the afterglow (AG) and prompt GRB emissions, and the prospect for direct detection of the plerion emission. We find that for a simple spherical model, GRBs with iron lines detected in the X-ray AG should not have a detectable radio afterglow, and should have small jet break times and non-relativistic transition times, in disagreement with observations for some of the GRBs with X-ray lines. These discrepancies with the observations may be reconciled by resorting to a non-spherical geometry, where the PWB is elongated along the polar axis. We find that lack of detection of the plerion emission provides interesting constraints on the model parameters. Finally, we predict that the inverse Compton upscattering of the PWB photons by the relativistic electrons of the AG (external Compton, EC) should lead to high energy emission during the early AG that might explain the GeV photons detected by EGRET for a few GRBs, and should be detectable by future missions such as GLAST.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures. A few changes to match the version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Public Good Superstars: A Lab-in-the-Field Study of Wikipedia
Creators: name: Hergueux, Jérôme
name: Algan, Yann
name: Benkler, Yochai
name: Fuster-Morell, Mayo
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Lab-in-the-field experiment
Public Goods
Cooperation
Reciprocity
Social image
Wikipedia

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 05/2024
Integral formulas of ASEP and $q$-TAZRP on a ring
Creators: name: Liu, Zhipeng
name: Saenz, Axel
name: Wang, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B23, 60J35

description: In this paper, we obtain the transition probability formulas for the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (ASEP) and the $q$-deformed Totally Asymmetric Zero Range Process ($q$-TAZRP) on the ring by applying the coordinate Bethe ansatz. We also compute the distribution function for a tagged particle with general initial condition.
description: 64 pages, 1 figure
Judging Disparities: Recidivism Risk, Image Motives, and In-Group Bias on Wisconsin Criminal Courts
Creators: name: Ash, Elliott
name: Marangon, Claudia
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Racial inequality
Incarceration rates
Group identity
Recidivism risk
Courts
Judges

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 07/2024
Do Words Matter? The Value of Collective Bargaining Agreements
Creators: name: Arold, Benjamin W.
name: Ash, Elliott
name: MacLeod, W. Bentley
name: Naidu, Suresh
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Collective Bargaining Agreements
Worker rights
Text-as-Data Algorithms

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 06/2024
Elementary properties of power series fields over finite fields
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Franz-Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In spite of the analogies between Q_p and F_p((t)) which became evident through the work of Ax and Kochen, an adaptation of the complete recursive axiom system given by them for Q_p to the case of F_p((t)) does not render a complete axiom system. We show the independence of elementary properties which express the action of additive polynomials as maps on F_p((t)). We formulate an elementary property expressing this action and show that it holds for all maximal valued fields. We also discuss the action of arbitrary polynomials on valued fields.
title: Hypericum pulchrum
title: Schönes Johanniskraut (Hypericum pulchrum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 3 Bilder des Schönen Johanniskrauts.
Topological properties of real algebraic varieties: du côté de chez Rokhlin
Creators: name: Degtyarev, A.
name: Kharlamov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P25, 14J99, 57S25

description: The survey gives an overview of the achievements in topology of real algebraic varieties in the direction initiated in the early 70th by V.I.Arnold and V.A.Rokhlin. We make an attempt to systematize the principal results in the subject. After an exposition of general tools and results, special attention is paid to surfaces and curves on surfaces.
Essays in Ownership Structure and Corporate Governance
Creators: Shi, Fangzhou
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: This dissertation delves into ownership structure and corporate governance. The first chapter investigates the causal link between business group affiliation and new firms' profitability. To overcome selection issues related to group affiliation, I focus on ownership changes at least two levels away in the ownership chain that lead to a change in group affiliation. I provide evidence suggesting that these "unintentional" changes are likely exogenous. I find that business group affiliation leads to a 12% increase in new firms' profitability during the first six years. I further present evidence consistent with two channels. First, new firms quickly increase revenues and expand market shares after joining business groups, possibly leveraging on groups' marketing networks. Second, group affiliation triggers a higher ratio of top manager turnover and leads to more experienced top managers and more productive employees. It is possible that business groups provide a talent pool of managers and better monitor new firms' labor force. Results suggest that business groups parallel the role of venture capital firms in sponsoring new firms in economies with concentrated equity ownership.
      The second chapter examines the impact of input and product market competition on private benefits of control (PBC), as measured by the voting premia between shares with differential voting rights. The main findings are three. First, increases in the intensity of competition lead to lower estimates of PBC. Second, competition significantly reduces the dispersion in the voting premia, affecting especially the top of the PBC distribution. Third, competition effects are particularly prominent in weak-rule-of-law countries, in manufacturing industries and in less-profitable firms. Overall, the results show that competition leads to a meaningful reduction in the level and dispersion of PBC.
      The third chapter directly examines the correlation between insider trading and executive compensation at the firm level. Using panel data on US firms from 1992 to 2011, we find that 1% decrease in cash compensation leads to a 21.7 percentage points increase in 6-month buy-and-hold excess returns, as well as a large increase in trading profits. These results indicate that insiders are using insider trading as a substitute to cash compensation, and keeping the total direct compensation level less volatile than previous research relied on. This effect is robust to exogenous shock to insider trading return, such as Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The result suggests the importance to take into account of insider trading profit in context of executive compensation.
A Legal Framework for eXplainable Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Kesari, Aniket
name: Sele, Daniela
name: Ash, Elliott
name: Bechtold, Stefan
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Automated decision-making
Explainable AI (XAI)
Legal-XAI
Policy making

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 09/2024
Localization Uncertainty in Time-Amplitude Stereophonic Reproduction
Creators: name: De Sena, Enzo
name: Cvetkovic, Zoran
name: Hacihabiboglu, Huseyin
name: Moonen, Marc
name: van Waterschoot, Toon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article studies the effects of inter-channel time and level differences in stereophonic reproduction on perceived localization uncertainty, which is defined as how difficult it is for a listener to tell where a sound source is located. Towards this end, a computational model of localization uncertainty is proposed first. The model calculates inter-aural time and level difference cues, and compares them to those associated to free-field point-like sources. The comparison is carried out using a particular distance functional that replicates the increased uncertainty observed experimentally with inconsistent inter-aural time and level difference cues. The model is validated by formal listening tests, achieving a Pearson correlation of 0.99. The model is then used to predict localization uncertainty for stereophonic setups and a listener in central and off-central positions. Results show that amplitude methods achieve a slightly lower localization uncertainty for a listener positioned exactly in the center of the sweet spot. As soon as the listener moves away from that position, the situation reverses, with time-amplitude methods achieving a lower localization uncertainty.
Building a Better Lawyer: Experimental Evidence that AI Can Increase Legal Work Efficiency
Creators: name: Nielsen, Aileen
name: Skylaki, Stavroula
name: Norkute, Milda
name: Stremitzer, Alexander
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial intelligence (AI)
Experimental study
Law students
Human-AI cooperation
Legal AI

description: Center for Law & Economics Working Paper Series, 10/2024
The Status of Persons with Disabilities in the Geosciences
Creators: name: Locke, Sharon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: White Paper, Regional Alliance for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Squared (RASEM2) Symposium. Las Cruces, NM: New Mexico State University.
STUDY OF AGGLOMERATION OF ICE PARTICLES AND OF TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE HYDRATE PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN A HYDROCARBON PHASE
Creators: name: Colombel, Emilie
name: Palermo, Thierry
name: Barré, Loic
name: Gateau, Patrick
name: Gruy, Frédéric
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This work deals with the problem of pipeline plugging by gas hydrates during oil production. Gas hydrates are crystals resulting from water and gas molecules association under high pressure and low temperature conditions. Such thermodynamical conditions are generally encountered during oil production and transport, particularly in deep offshore fields or in cold areas. Due to an agglomeration process which is still debated, hydrate occurrence can lead to plug formation. This study aims at improving the understanding in this mechanism process, in the case of water-in-oil emulsions. Therefore, ice or hydrate particle agglomeration is compared. Ice or trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F) hydrate particles dispersed in xylene with asphaltenes as surfactant is chosen as a model system. As CCl3F hydrates are stable under atmospheric pressure, it allows us to apply different techniques without being limited by high pressure conditions. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique is used. The very different relaxation rate for solids or liquids is used to monitor in situ the ratio between solid and total hydrogen or fluorine as a function of time with controlled shearing conditions. Thus, a kinetic study is realized, that enabled to know the amount of ice formed. The apparent viscosity of the system, during crystallization and plugging, is also followed with rheometry in order to characterize agglomeration. This experimental approach allows us to highlight that physico-chemistry of interface water/oil has an important role in agglomeration. It enables us to discuss different mechanisms of agglomeration of ice and hydrate particles in a hydrocarbon phase.
Determination of pair correlation function in a weakly correlated weakly inhomogeneous plasma
Creators: name: Bose, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a weakly correlated inhomogeneous plasma an equation of pair correlation function is obtained utilizing the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy of equations. In this article the pair correlation function has been calculated from the same equation in the weakly inhomogeneous limit by using a perturbative theory.
title: Hypericum hirsutum
title: Behaartes / Rauhes Johanniskraut (Hypericum hirsutum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 11 Bilder des Behaarten / Rauhen Johanniskrauts.
Transport in Sand Piles, Interface Depinning, and Earthquake Models
Creators: name: Paczuski, Maya
name: Boettcher, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent numerical results for a model describing dispersive transport in rice piles are explained by mapping the model to the depinning transition of an interface that is dragged at one end through a random medium. The average velocity of transport vanishes with system size $L$ as $ \sim L^{2-D}\sim L^{-0.23}$, and the avalanche size distribution exponent $τ= 2 - 1/D \simeq 1.55$, where $D\simeq 2.23$ from interface depinning. We conjecture that the purely deterministic Burridge-Knopoff ``train'' model for earthquakes is in the same universality class.
description: 10 pages, Revtex
Geometric renormalization unravels self-similarity of the multiscale human connectome
Creators: name: Zheng, Muhua
name: Allard, Antoine
name: Hagmann, Patric
name: Alemán-Gómez, Yasser
name: Serrano, M. Ángeles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Structural connectivity in the brain is typically studied by reducing its observation to a single spatial resolution. However, the brain possesses a rich architecture organized over multiple scales linked to one another. We explored the multiscale organization of human connectomes using datasets of healthy subjects reconstructed at five different resolutions. We found that the structure of the human brain remains self-similar when the resolution of observation is progressively decreased by hierarchical coarse-graining of the anatomical regions. Strikingly, a geometric network model, where distances are not Euclidean, predicts the multiscale properties of connectomes, including self-similarity. The model relies on the application of a geometric renormalization protocol which decreases the resolution by coarse-graining and averaging over short similarity distances. Our results suggest that simple organizing principles underlie the multiscale architecture of human structural brain networks, where the same connectivity law dictates short- and long-range connections between different brain regions over many resolutions. The implications are varied and can be substantial for fundamental debates, such as whether the brain is working near a critical point, as well as for applications including advanced tools to simplify the digital reconstruction and simulation of the brain.
The X-ray Reflectors in the Nucleus of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068
Creators: name: Colbert, Edward
name: Weaver, Kim
name: Krolik, Julian
name: Mulchaey, John
name: Mushotzky, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) Based on observations of the Seyfert nucleus in NGC1068 with ASCA, RXTE and BeppoSAX, we report the discovery of a flare (increase in flux by a factor of ~1.6) in the 6.7 keV Fe K line component between observations obtained 4 months apart, with no significant change in the other (6.21, 6.4, and 6.97 keV) Fe K_alpha line components. During this time, the continuum flux decreased by ~20%. The RXTE spectrum requires an Fe K absorption edge near 8.6 keV (Fe XXIII - XXV). The spectral data indicate that the 2-10 keV continuum emission is dominated (~2/3 of the luminosity) by reflection from a previously unidentified region of warm, ionized gas located ~ 10^{5.5} /cm3, ionization parameter xi approx 10^{3.5} erg cm/s, and covering fraction 0.003 (L_0/10^{43.5} erg/s)^{-1} < (Omega/4 pi) < 0.024 (L_0/10^{43.5})^{-1}, where L_0 is the intrinsic 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity of the AGN. We suggest that the WR gas is the source of the (variable) 6.7 keV Fe line emission, and the 6.97 keV Fe line emission. The 6.7 keV line flare is assumed to be due to an increase in the emissivity of the WR gas from a decrease (by 20-30%) in L_0. The properties of the WR are most consistent with an intrinsically X-ray weak AGN with L_0 approx 10^{43.0} erg/s. The optical and UV emission that scatters from the WR into our line of sight is required to suffer strong extinction, which can be reconciled if the line-of-sight skims the outer surface of the torus. Thermal bremsstrahlung radio emission from the WR may be detectable in VLBA radio maps of the NGC 1068 nucleus.
description: 39 pages (9 postscript figures) AASTEX, ApJ, accepted
An Accelerated Access Pathway for Innovative High-risk Medical Devices under the new European Union Medical Devices and Health Technology Assessment Regulations? Analysis and Recommendations
Creators: name: Tarricone, Rosanna
name: Banks, Helen
name: Ciani, Oriana
name: Brouwer, Werner
name: Drummond, Michael F
name: Leidl, Reiner
name: Martelli, Nicolas
name: Sampietro-Colom, Laura
name: Taylor, Rod S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: The new European Union (EU) Regulations for medical devices (MDs) and health technology assessment (HTA) are welcome developments that will hopefully increase the quality of clinical evidence for MDs and reduce fragmentation in the EU market access process. To fully exploit anticipated benefits, their respective assessment processes should be closely coordinated, particularly for promising, highly innovative MDs. Accelerated approval is worth exploring for certain categories of high-risk MDs to keep the EU regulatory process competitive compared to ad-hoc accelerated MD approval processes elsewhere (e.g., US). Areas covered: Problems observed in worldwide accelerated drug and MD regulatory approval programs are reviewed, including greater uncertainty in pre-market clinical evidence generation and lack of oversight for post-approval evidence requirements. Implications for MD approval, HTA and coverage are explored. Expert opinion: Through analysis of two decades of drug and MD accelerated approval programs worldwide, recommendations for an Accelerated Access Pathway for select innovative, high-risk MDs are proposed that can fit the EU context, leverage the two new regulations, increase opportunities for Expert Panels to provide timely advice regarding manufacturers’ evidence generation plans along the MD lifecycle (pre-, post-market), and safely speed patient access while promoting increased collaboration among Member States on coverage decisions.