Hemipenthes sinuosa Wiedemann
Creators: name: Ávalos-Hernández, Omar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Hemipenthes
Hemipenthes sinuosa

description: 20. Hemipenthes sinuosa (Wiedemann)
(Figs. 22, 71–72)
Anthrax sinuosa Wiedemann, 1821: 244
Anthrax nycthemera Macquart, 1840: 67.
Anthrax concisa Macquart, 1840: 68.
Anthrax assimilis Macquart, 1846: 242.
Hemipenthes sinuosa (Wiedemann): Coquillett, 1887: 159. Villa (Hemipenthes) assimilis (Macquart): Painter & Painter, 1962: 85. Villa (Hemipenthes) concisa (Macquart): Painter & Painter, 1962: 98. Villa (Hemipenthes) nycthemera (Macquart): Painter & Painter, 1962: 120. Villa (Hemipenthes) sinuosa sinuosa (Wiedemann): Painter & Painter, 1962: 124. Hemipenthes nycthemera (Macquart): Hull 1973: 386.
Hemipenthes concisa (Macquart): Hull 1973: 386.
Hemipenthes assimilis (Macquart): Hull 1973: 386.
Holotype female of Anthrax sinuosa in NMW. Holotype of Anthrax nycthemera in MNHN. Holotype of Anthrax concisa in MNHN. Type of Anthrax assimilis is unknown.
Diagnosis: Crossvein between R4 and R2+3 absent; cell r1 entirely infuscated except for a subapical hyaline area; cell r2+3 with basal half infuscated with a spot at tip.
Description: Male. Body length: 5–9 mm; wing length: 5–9 mm. Head: Eyes separated by one and a half the width of ocellar triangle. Front black pilose, black tomentose, yellowish scales near antenna. Face brown, rounded, with black hairs and yellowish tomentum. Scape fulvous, swollen on inner apical margin, with black hairs, twice as long as pedicel; pedicel fulvous, twice as wide as long, short black hairs on the base; flagellomere brown, longer than scape and pedicel combined; base subconical, tapering to styliform apical two-thirds; stylus minute, terminal. Proboscis short, not projecting beyond oral margin. Palpi cinereous with black hairs. Occiput with short black and yellow hairs and yellowish scales.
Thorax: Mesonotum anterior margin pale yellow pilose; lateral margin black and whitish pilose; tomentum on disc entirely yellowish on anterior half, long, hairlike, not dense; bristles black. Mesopleuron black pilose with yellowish hairs mixed in on proepisternum, anepisternum, and katatergite, tomentum on katepisternum pale yellow. Proepimeron yellowish pilose with some black hairs present. Mid coxa with black hairs, tomentum on all coxae hairlike, pale yellow. Legs fulvous, tarsi black, femora black pilose, pale yellow tomentose, some black scales may be present; bristles black. Halter steam brown, knob yellow. Scutellum brown, not pilose, and yellow tomentose, a spot of black tomentum in middle at base; bristles black. Black setulae on basicosta. Cells c, sc, br, bm and r1 entirely infuscated (Fig. 22), cell r1 with a hyaline spot near tip; cells a and cup entirely infuscated except tip; cell dm with two basal thirds infuscated; cells r5 and cua1 with basal half infuscated; cell r2+3 with basal half infuscated with a spot at tip; cell m2 infuscated just at base; cell dm infuscated beyond r-m crossvein; r-m crossvein behind middle of cell dm; no crossvein between R4 and R2+3; cell r5 slightly narrowed at wing margin; first section of vein CuA1 as long as r-m crossvein, second section one and a half the long of r-m crossvein, third section one and a half the long of first two sections combined; cell a slightly wider then cell cup; alula poorly developed.
Abdomen: Abdominal dorsum white pilose on first to fourth tergites, black hairs on fifth to seventh tergites; black tomentum overall; some pale yellow scales scattered on sides of abdomen; sides of abdomen with first and basal half of second tergites whitish pilose, some black hairs in apical half of first tergite, mixed black and yellowish hairs on third to seventh tergites. Venter white pilose, yellowish tomentose. Genitalia brown with black hairs. Epandrium in lateral view, rectangular, lower margin concave in middle, basal corner narrowed; gonocoxite narrow, basal half enlarged; gonostylus small, hooked apically; epiphallus in lateral view narrow (Fig. 71) slightly curved, cap-shaped, apex swollen, rounded; with a ventral extension broad at base with apex acuminate, portion of the epiphallus behind ventral extension longer than aedeagus; epiphallus in ventral view broad (Fig. 72), lateral margins narrowed at both sides at middle, with scattered spines all along; aedeagus broad at base narrowed at apex, not swollen dorsally; gonopore terminal.
Female. Nearly identical to male. Eyes separated by twice width of ocellar triangle.
Distribution: Mexico (Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla. San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tlaxcala), USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming).
Specimens examined: Mexico. Michoacán: 3 mi W Morelia, 20-IX-1963, R. H. and E. M. Painter (1 male; USNM). Puebla: 7 mi E Puebla, 21-IX-1968, R. H. and E. M. Painter (1 male genitalia; USNM). USA. Colorado: Jackson Co. 13 mi SE Walden, 13-VIII-1963, N. and B. Marston (1 male; USNM); Jefferson Co. Lookout Mt., 9-VIII-1964, L. R. Ertle (1 female; USNM). Maryland: Beltsville, 26-VI-1961, J. L. Herring (1 female; USNM). Utah: Wasatch Co., 18-VIII-1957, R. H. and E. M. Painter (1 female; USNM).
Remarks. Hemipenthes sinuosa is similar to H. blanchardiana and H. jaennickeana but can be distinguished from both by the absence of a crossvein between R4 and R2+3. The genitalia of this species (Figs. 71 & 72) is similar to that of H. blanchardiana (Figs. 31 & 32) but the curved shape in lateral view and the narrowed margins in ventral view of the epiphallus distinguish it from the genitalia of H. jaennickeana (Figs. 55 & 56). H. sinuosa is one of the few species of Hemipenthes from which its host is known. Finlayson & Finlayson (1958) report H. sinuosa as a parasite of Neodiprion sertifer Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Hemipenthes sinuosa has a widespread distribution in North America, as does the related species H.jaennickeana.
description: Published as part of Ávalos-Hernández, Omar, 2009, A review of the North American species of Hemipenthes Loew, 1869 (Diptera: Bombyliidae), pp. 1-49 in Zootaxa 2074 on pages 39-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.187152