cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Health Impacts of Increased Physical Activity from Changes in Transportation Infrastructure: Quantitative Estimates for Three Communities
Creators: name: Gibson, Jacqueline Macdonald
name: Mansfield, Theodore J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Recently, two quantitative tools have emerged for predicting the health impacts of projects that change population physical activity: the Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) and Dynamic Modeling for Health Impact Assessment (DYNAMO-HIA). HEAT has been used to support health impact assessments of transportation infrastructure projects, but DYNAMO-HIA has not been previously employed for this purpose nor have the two tools been compared. To demonstrate the use of DYNAMO-HIA for supporting health impact assessments of transportation infrastructure projects, we employed the model in three communities (urban, suburban, and rural) in North Carolina. We also compared DYNAMO-HIA and HEAT predictions in the urban community. Using DYNAMO-HIA, we estimated benefit-cost ratios of 20.2 (95% C.I.: 8.7–30.6), 0.6 (0.3–0.9), and 4.7 (2.1–7.1) for the urban, suburban, and rural projects, respectively. For a 40-year time period, the HEAT predictions of deaths avoided by the urban infrastructure project were three times as high as DYNAMO-HIA’s predictions due to HEAT’s inability to account for changing population health characteristics over time. Quantitative health impact assessment coupled with economic valuation is a powerful tool for integrating health considerations into transportation decision-making. However, to avoid overestimating benefits, such quantitative HIAs should use dynamic, rather than static, approaches.
Classes of smooth solutions to the multidimensional balance laws of gas dynamic type on the riemannian manifolds
Creators: name: Rozanova, Olga S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65 35R01

description: The paper is devoted to the special classes of solutions to multidimensional balance laws of gas dynamic type. In the velocity field for the solutions of such class the time and space variables are separated. The simplest case is the solution with the linear profile of velocity in the Euclidean space.
description: 44 pages, 6 figures
A Robust Deep Model for Improved Classification of AD/MCI Patients
Creators: name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Li, Feng
name: Thung, Kim Han
name: Li, Jiang
name: Ji, Shuiwang
name: Tran, Loc
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Accurate classification of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and its prodromal stage, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), plays a critical role in possibly preventing progression of memory impairment and improving quality of life for AD patients. Among many research tasks, it is of particular interest to identify noninvasive imaging biomarkers for AD diagnosis. In this paper, we present a robust deep learning system to identify different progression stages of AD patients based on MRI and PET scans. We utilized the dropout technique to improve classical deep learning by preventing its weight co-adaptation, which is a typical cause of over-fitting in deep learning. In addition, we incorporated stability selection, an adaptive learning factor, and a multi-task learning strategy into the deep learning framework. We applied the proposed method to the ADNI data set and conducted experiments for AD and MCI conversion diagnosis. Experimental results showed that the dropout technique is very effective in AD diagnosis, improving the classification accuracies by 5.9% on average as compared to the classical deep learning methods.
Teacher Retention in Rural Canadian Communities
Creators: Crystal Saunders
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

How might rural northern school divisions attract and retain excellent teachers? Northern communities are faced with many challenges when it comes to attracting and retaining teachers in their rural communities. This study aimed to identify incentives which can support northern school divisions in staffing their schools. While also identifying disincentives which may need to be mitigated to increase retention of teachers in northern areas. Teachers with three or more years of experience in northern schools of 130 students or fewer were chosen for interviews regarding this topic. An inductive approach was used for the analyses of the resulting data and the emergent themes were compared to existing literature. The following themes emerged through this process; career advancement, social integration, positive school culture, accessibility, cost and isolation. It is pertinent northern school divisions leverage the positive aspects of schools within their communities so they can attract more applicants for open positions. Promoting the aspects of rural living which long term staff identify to be incentives could help attract good fit hires for communities within northern areas.
Středa formula for charge and spin currents
Creators: name: Monaco, Domenico
name: Moscolari, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q30, 81Q70

description: We consider a 2-dimensional Bloch--Landau--Pauli Hamiltonian for a spinful electron in a constant magnetic field subject to a periodic background potential. Assuming that the $z$-component of the spin operator is conserved, we compute the linear response of the associated spin density of states to a small change in the magnetic field, and identify it with the spin Hall conductivity. This response is in the form of a spin Chern marker, which is in general quantized to a half-integer, and to an integer under the further assumption of time-reversal symmetry. Our result is thus a generalization to the context of the quantum spin Hall effect to the well-known formula by Středa, which is formulated instead for charge transport.
description: 10 pages. Improved exposition, references added and minor corrections. Final version matches published paper on Reviews in Mathematical Physics
(103045) Mary Anderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Study of Communication Strategies of Matchmaking Businesses from Big Data of Consumer Behavior on Social Media
Creators: name: Arpaporn Sookhom
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Matchmaking Businesses
Matchmaking Businesses from Big Data
Consumer Behavior on social media

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 5, 403-424
Wound healing monitoring using near infrared fluorescent fibrinogen
Creators: name: Amin, Khalid
name: Shi, Yihui
name: Faris, Gregory W.
name: Haroon, Zishan
name: Greenberg, Charles S.
name: Pan, Chia Pin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We demonstrate a method for imaging the wound healing process with near infrared fluorescent fibrinogen. Wound healing studies were performed on a rat punch biopsy model. Fibrinogen was conjugated with a near infrared fluorescent dye and injected into the tail vein. Fibrinogen is a useful protein for tracking wound healing because it is involved in fibrin clot formation and formation of new provisional matrix through transglutaminase’s crosslinking activity. Strong fluorescence specific to the wound was observed and persisted for several days, indicating that the fibrinogen is converted to crosslinked fibrin. Administration of contrast agent simultaneously with wound creation led to primary labeling of the fibrin clot, indicating that the wound was in its early phase of healing. Administration on the following day showed labeling on the wound periphery, indicating location of formation of a new provisional matrix. This method may prove to be useful as a diagnostic for basic studies of the wound healing process, in drug development, or in clinical assessment of chronic wounds.
Supporting Authentic Relationships
Creators: Nicole Koch
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Authentic relationships are essential to successful learning environments. Research has established students’ learning environment experiences affect their success at school (Opdenakker & Minnaert, 2011). Educators, families and students understand the importance of authentic relationships. Having problematic relationships can be detrimental to student success. Authentic teacher-student relationships foster healthy social, emotional and intellectual functioning. In the Working Together Project study, Smyth and Dunne (2005), found authentic staff relationships were essential in helping teachers cope with the everyday challenges faced in the learning environment. This literature review analyzes the importance of relationships

between teacher and student, staff members, families and the community.
Fabrication of microscale medical devices by two-photon polymerization with multiple foci via a spatial light modulator
Creators: name: Narayan, Roger J.
name: Nguyen, Alexander
name: Obata, Kotaro
name: Koroleva, Anastasia
name: Chichkov, Boris N.
name: Gittard, Shaun D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Two-photon polymerization is an appealing technique for producing microscale devices due to its flexibility in producing structures with a wide range of geometries as well as its compatibility with materials suitable for biomedical applications. The greatest limiting factor in widespread use of two-photon polymerization is the slow fabrication times associated with line-by-line, high-resolution structuring. In this study, a recently developed technology was used to produce microstructures by two-photon polymerization with multiple foci, which significantly reduces the production time. Computer generated hologram pattern technology was used to generate multiple laser beams in controlled positions from a single laser. These multiple beams were then used to simultaneously produce multiple microstructures by two-photon polymerization. Arrays of micro-Venus structures, tissue engineering scaffolds, and microneedle arrays were produced by multifocus two-photon polymerization. To our knowledge, this work is the first demonstration of multifocus two-photon polymerization technology for production of a functional medical device. Multibeam fabrication has the potential to greatly improve the efficiency of two-photon polymerization production of microscale devices such as tissue engineering scaffolds and microneedle arrays.
Schinzel Hypothesis on average and rational points
Creators: name: Skorobogatov, Alexei N.
name: Sofos, Efthymios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N32, 14G05

description: We resolve Schinzel's Hypothesis (H) for $100\%$ of polynomials of arbitrary degree. We deduce that a positive proportion of diagonal conic bundles over $\mathbb{Q}$ with any given number of degenerate fibres have a rational point, and obtain similar results for generalised Châtelet equations.
Deuterium Fractionation across the Infrared Dark Cloud G034.77-00.55 interacting with the Supernova Remnant W44
Creators: name: Cosentino, G.
name: Tan, J. C.
name: Jiménez-Serra, I.
name: Fontani, F.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Henshaw, J. D.
name: Barnes, A. T.
name: Law, C. -Y.
name: Viti, S.
name: Fedriani, R.
name: Hsu, C. -J.
name: Gorai, P.
name: Zeng, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) may regulate star formation in galaxies. For example, SNR-driven shocks may form new molecular gas or compress pre-existing clouds and trigger the formation of new stars. To test this scenario, we measure the deuteration of $N_2H^+$, $D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}$, a well-studied tracer of pre-stellar cores, across the Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G034.77-00.55, known to be experiencing a shock interaction with the SNR W44. We use N$_2$H$^+$ and N$_2$D$^+$ J=1-0 single pointing observations obtained with the 30m antenna at the Instituto de Radioastronomia Millimetrica to infer $D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}$ toward five positions across the cloud, namely a massive core, different regions across the shock front, a dense clump and ambient gas. We find $D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}$ in the range 0.03-0.1, several orders of magnitude larger than the cosmic D/H ratio ($\sim$10$^{-5}$). Across the shock front, $D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}$ is enhanced by more than a factor of 2 ($D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}\sim$0.05-0.07) with respect to the ambient gas ($\leq$0.03) and similar to that measured generally in pre-stellar cores. Indeed, in the massive core and dense clump regions of this IRDC we measure $D_{frac}^{N_2H^+}$}$\sim$0.1. We find enhanced deuteration of $N_2H^+$ across the region of the shock, at a level that is enhanced with respect to regions of unperturbed gas. It is possible that this has been induced by shock compression, which would then be indirect evidence that the shock is triggering conditions for future star formation. However, since unperturbed dense regions also show elevated levels of deuteration, further, higher-resolution studies are needed to better understand the structure and kinematics of the deuterated material in the shock region, e.g., if it still in relatively diffuse form or already organised in a population of low-mass pre-stellar cores.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A; 8 pages, 5 figures
(103042) Unknown Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Geo-Socio-Cultural Learning Sites Management for Teaching Social Sciences
Creators: name: Jareeporn Naksamrit
name: Pannada Larpkern
name: Boontida Muangsrimuangdee
name: Arom Jantasorn
name: Panya Waiboonya
name: Prapatsorn YodsaNga
name: Sasithorn Kosuwan
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Management
learning sites
social sciences
geo-social
geo-cultural
community

description: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Mahasarakham University, 42, 3, no. 325-339
(103041) George Gerald Stuart Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Heavy-flavor production in heavy-ion collisions and implications for the properties of hot QCD matter
Creators: name: Averbeck, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hadrons carrying open heavy flavor, i.e. single charm or bottom quarks, are among the key diagnostic tools available today for the hot and dense state of strongly interacting matter which is produced in collisions of heavy atomic nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies. First systematic heavy-flavor measurements in nucleus-nucleus collisions and the reference proton-proton system at Brookhaven National Laboratory's (BNL) Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have led to tantalizing results. These studies are now continued and extended at RHIC and at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where considerably higher collision energies are available. This review focuses on experimental results on open heavy-flavor observables at RHIC and the LHC published until July 2012. Yields of heavy-flavor hadrons and their decay products, their transverse momentum and rapidity distributions, as well as their azimuthal distributions with respect to the reaction plane in heavy-ion collisions are investigated. Various theoretical approaches are confronted with the data and implications for the properties of the hot and dense medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed.
description: Review article, 78 pages, 38 figures
Autoencoders for dimensionality reduction in molecular dynamics: collective variable dimension, biasing and transition states
Creators: name: Belkacemi, Zineb
name: Bianciotto, Marc
name: Minoux, Herve
name: Lelievre, Tony
name: Stoltz, Gabriel
name: Gkeka, Paraskevi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that controls the folding and activation of client proteins using the free energy of ATP hydrolysis. The Hsp90 active site is in its N-terminal domain (NTD). Our goal is to characterize the dynamics of NTD using an autoencoder-learned collective variable (CV) in conjunction with adaptive biasing force (ABF) Langevin dynamics. Using dihedral analysis, we cluster all available experimental Hsp90 NTD structures into distinct native states. We then perform unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to construct a dataset that represents each state and use this dataset to train an autoencoder. Two autoencoder architectures are considered, with one and two hidden layers respectively, and bottlenecks of dimension $k$ ranging from 1 to 10. We demonstrate that the addition of an extra hidden layer does not significantly improve the performance, while it leads to complicated CVs that increases the computational cost of biased MD calculations. In addition, a 2D bottleneck can provide enough information of the different states, while the optimal bottleneck dimension is five. For the 2D bottleneck, the two-dimensional CV is directly used in biased MD simulations. For the 5D bottleneck, we perform an analysis of the latent CV space and identify the pair of CV coordinates that best separates the states of Hsp90. Interestingly, selecting a 2D CV out of the 5D CV space leads to better results than directly learning a 2D CV, and allows to observe transitions between native states when running free energy biased dynamics.
Exploratory Dijkstra forest based automatic vessel segmentation: applications in video indirect ophthalmoscopy (VIO)
Creators: name: Cabrera, Michelle T.
name: Farsiu, Sina
name: Estrada, Rolando
name: Tomasi, Carlo
name: Wallace, David K.
name: Freedman, Sharon F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We present a methodology for extracting the vascular network in the human retina using Dijkstra’s shortest-path algorithm. Our method preserves vessel thickness, requires no manual intervention, and follows vessel branching naturally and efficiently. To test our method, we constructed a retinal video indirect ophthalmoscopy (VIO) image database from pediatric patients and compared the segmentations achieved by our method and state-of-the-art approaches to a human-drawn gold standard. Our experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms prior state-of-the-art methods, for both single VIO frames and automatically generated, large field-of-view enhanced mosaics. We have made the corresponding dataset and source code freely available online.
title: Presentation at the 10th Session of the Governing Body by CIAT-Alliance
title: Upscaling and Mainstreaming Successful Innovations of the Benefit Sharing Fund
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Otieno, Gloria
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2023
Subjects: PR-135
Fair and equitable sharing
Community seed banks
ITPGRFA-BSF
Beans
Millet
Sorghum
Value chain
Policy
Farmers
KEN
Seed system
TZA
UGA

description: This presentation was delivered by Gloria Otieno (Genetic Resources and Food Security Policy Specialist -Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT) at the 10th Session of the Governing Body of ITPGRFA. She presented the success stories, good practices and lessons learnt from the  project PR-135-Kenya "Enabling and scaling Open-Source Seed Systems of Beans, Sorghum and Finger millet for climate change adaptation in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania" supported as part of the 5th project cycle of the Benefit-sharing Fund (BSF) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN) with support from European Union. 

This project is a second phase project aiming at scaling out and up the good results and achievements from the first phase project funded back in 2020. Gloria described and presented key achievements and upscaling strategies employed during the tenure of the project and the factors that contributed to sustain good results over time.
(103040) Ernest Gerald Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Factors Affecting to the Learning Skills in the 21st Century among Mahidol University's Undergraduates
Creators: name: Chotimakan Chaiyes
name: Panwad Preeyanont
name: Nongluk Phonoi
name: Pornpen Thongkanya
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: learning skills in 21st Century
learning support factors
undergraduate student

description: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Mahasarakham University, 42, 3, no. 340-353
Development of a Student Information Management (SIM) Program to Improve the Efficiency of the Student Support System at Kuthong Pittayakom School under the Mahasarakham Secondary Education Area Office
Creators: name: Chudsagorn Phikulthong
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Student Information Management (SIM)
student support system

description: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Mahasarakham University, 42, 3, no. 354-366
Anomalous coupling in radiation mediated shocks}
Creators: name: Levinson, A.
name: Granot, A.
name: Vanthieghem, A.
name: Mahlmann, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize recent attempts to unravel the role of plasma kinetic effects in radiation mediated shocks. Such shocks form in all strong stellar explosions and are responsible for the early electromagnetic emission released from these events. A key issue that has been overlooked in all previous works is the nature of the coupling between the charged leptons, that mediate the radiation force, and the ions, which are the dominant carriers of the shock energy. Our preliminary investigation indicates that in the case of relativistic shocks, as well as Newtonian shocks in multi-ion plasma, this coupling is driven by either, transverse magnetic fields of a sufficiently magnetized upstream medium, or plasma micro-turbulence if strong enough magnetic fields are absent. We discuss the implications for the shock breakout signal, as well as abundance evolution and kilonova emission in binary neutron star mergers.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Journal of Plasma Physics
Partial Edge Drawings of Complete Graphs
Creators: name: Lalović, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Partial Edge Drawings
Graph Theory
Planar Graphs
Analytic Geometry

description: Seminar slides on the topic of: "Partial Edge Drawings of Complete Graphs". Partial edge drawing of a graph is a rectilinear drawing in which a middle portion of an edge is removed from the drawing. In addition, we require that the drawing is without edge crossings. Outline: Idea of partial drawings Known work Our contribution
description: 35 pages
description: {"references": ["T. Bruckdorfer, S. Cornelsen, C. Gutwenger, M. Kaufmann, F. Montecchiani, M. N\u00f6llenburg, and A. Wolff. Progress on partial edge drawings. In Graph Drawing, pages 67-78, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.", "R. A. Becker, S. G. Eick, and A. R. Wilks. Visualizing network data. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1(1):16-28, 1995.", "T. Bruckdorfer and M. Kaufmann. Mad at edge crossings? break the edges! In Fun with Algorithms, pages 40-50, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.", "M. Burch, C. Vehlow, N. Konevtsova, and D. Weiskopf. Evaluating partially drawn links for directed graph edges. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 7034. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.", "P. Erd\u0151s and G. Szekeres. A combinatorial problem in geometry. Compositio Mathematica, 2:463\u2013470, 1935."]}
Media Rights for Organizations
Creators: name: Paterson III, Hugh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Copyright
subject: Creative Commons Licenses
subject: Public Domain
subject: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85032446
subject: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076761

description: White Paper explaining rights considerations in creative works related to multimedia creations.
(103039) Maurice Carr Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Robust Rate Adaptation and Proportional Fair Scheduling with Imperfect CSI
Creators: name: Fritzsche, R.
name: Rost, P.
name: Fettweis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A05

description: In wireless fading channels, multi-user scheduling has the potential to boost the spectral efficiency by exploiting diversity gains. In this regard, proportional fair (PF) scheduling provides a solution for increasing the users' quality of experience by finding a balance between system throughput maximization and user fairness. For this purpose, precise instantaneous channel state information (CSI) needs to be available at the transmitter side to perform rate adaptation and scheduling. However, in practical setups, CSI is impaired by, e.g., channel estimation errors, quantization and feedback delays. Especially in centralized cloud based communication systems, where main parts of the lower layer processing is shifted to a central entity, high backhaul latency can cause substantial CSI imperfections, resulting in significant performance degradations. In this work robust rate adaptation as well as robust PF scheduling are presented, which account for CSI impairments. The proposed rate adaptation solution guarantees a fixed target outage probability, which is of interest for delay critical and data intensive applications, such as, video conference systems. In addition to CSI imperfections the proposed scheduler is able to account for delayed decoding acknowledgements from the receiver.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Magnetic reconnection-driven turbulence and turbulent reconnection acceleration
Creators: name: Liang, Shiming
name: Zhang, Jianfu
name: Gao, Nana
name: Xiao, Huaping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper employs an MHD-PIC method to perform numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection-driven turbulence and turbulent reconnection acceleration of particles. Focusing on the dynamics of the magnetic reconnection, the properties of self-driven turbulence, and the behavior of particle acceleration, we find that: (1) when reaching a statistically steady state of the self-driven turbulence, the magnetic energy is almost released by 50\%, while the kinetic energy of the fluid increases by no more than 15\%. (2) the properties of reconnection-driven turbulence are more complex than the traditional turbulence driven by an external force. (3) the strong magnetic field tends to enhance the turbulent reconnection efficiency to accelerate particles more efficiently, resulting in a hard spectral energy distribution. Our study provides a particular perspective on understanding turbulence properties and turbulent reconnection-accelerated particles.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Reinterpreting the Polluted White Dwarf SDSS J122859.93+104032.9 in Light of Thermohaline Mixing Models: More Polluting Material from a Larger Orbiting Solid Body
Creators: name: Dwomoh, Arianna
name: Bauer, Evan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polluted white dwarf (WD) system SDSS J122859.93+104032.9 (SDSS J1228) shows variable emission features interpreted as originating from a solid core fragment held together against tidal forces by its own internal strength, orbiting within its surrounding debris disk. Estimating the size of this orbiting solid body requires modeling the accretion rate of the polluting material that is observed mixing into the WD surface. That material is supplied via sublimation from the surface of the orbiting solid body. The sublimation rate can be estimated as a simple function of the surface area of the solid body and the incident flux from the nearby hot WD. On the other hand, estimating the accretion rate requires detailed modeling of the surface structure and mixing in the accreting WD. In this work, we present MESA WD models for SDSS J1228 that account for thermohaline instability and mixing in addition to heavy element sedimentation to accurately constrain the sublimation and accretion rate necessary to supply the observed pollution. We derive a total accretion rate of $\dot M_{\rm acc}=1.8\times 10^{11}\,\rm g\,s^{-1}$, several orders of magnitude higher than the $\dot M_{\rm acc}=5.6\times 10^{8}\,\rm g\,s^{-1}$ estimate obtained in earlier efforts. The larger mass accretion rate implies that the minimum estimated radius of the orbiting solid body is r$_{\rm{min}}$ = 72 km, which, although significantly larger than prior estimates, still lies within upper bounds (a few hundred km) for which the internal strength could no longer withstand tidal forces from the gravity of the WD.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
(103038) Euphemia Carr Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
SHARKS survey: The first near-infrared survey optimised for low surface brightness science
Creators: name: Ghaffari, Zohreh
name: Trujillo, Ignacio
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Image reduction, Pipeline, NIR

description: In recent decades, there has been extraordinary progress in the study of low surface brightness objects in the optical range. Today's deepest optical surveys allows us to observe details as faint as muV~31 mag/arcsec2. However, there has been no infrared surveys dedicated to the study of low surface brightness objects to date. In this contribution, we present the first results of a specific reduction of the SHARKS deep near-infrared wide-field survey. Using state-of-the-art techniques for deep data reduction, we show for the first time the use of near-infrared data for the study of Galactic cirrus, ultra-faint galaxies, the outer parts of galaxies and intra-cluster light. Our results open up to the infrared range astronomical objects that were hitherto unexplored in this regime.
Stochastic solutions of Stefan problems
Creators: name: Ogren, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with the one-dimensional Stefan problem with a general time-dependent boundary condition at the fixed boundary. Stochastic solutions are obtained using discrete random walks, and the results are compared with analytic formulae when they exist, otherwise with numerical solutions from a finite difference method. The innovative part is to model the moving boundary with a random walk method. The results show statistical convergence for many random walkers when $Δx \rightarrow 0$. Stochastic methods are very competitive in large domains in higher dimensions and has the advantages of generality and ease of implementation. The stochastic method suffers from that longer execution times are required for increased accuracy. Since the code is easily adapted for parallel computing, it is possible to speed up the calculations. Regarding applications for Stefan problems, they have historically been used to model the dynamics of melting ice, and we give such an example here where the fixed boundary condition follows data from observed day temperatures at Örebro airport. Nowadays, there are a large range of examples of applications, such as climate models, the diffusion of lithium-ions in lithium-ion batteries and modelling steam chambers for petroleum extraction.
description: Submitted as Proceedings to Stochastic Processes and Algebraic Structures (SPAS) 2019
Thermodynamic perturbation theory for associating fluids confined in a 1- dimensional pore
Creators: name: Marshall, Bennett D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a new theory is developed for the self - assembly of associating molecules confined to a single spatial dimension, but allowed to explore all orientation angles. The interplay of the anisotropy of the pair potential and the low dimensional space, results in orientationally ordered associated clusters. This local order enhances association due to a decrease in orientational entropy. Unlike bulk 3D fluids which are orientationally homogeneous, association in 1D necessitates the self - consistent calculation of the orientational distribution function. To test the new theory, Monte Carlo simulations are performed and the theory is found to be accurate. The theory developed in this paper may be used as a tool to study hydrogen bonding of molecules in 1D zeolites as well as hydrogen bonding of water in carbon nanotubes.
description: In this second version a number of misprints were corrected from the original version. Specifically, in version 1, the author repeatedly stated allowed bonding orientations where |b| <= cos(thetac), where these instances should read |b| > = cos(thetac). All labelled equations in version 1 were correct and have remained unchanged
Spin Hall conductivity in insulators with non-conserved spin
Creators: name: Monaco, Domenico
name: Ulčakar, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear response of a spin current to a small electric field in a two-dimensional crystalline insulator with non-conserved spin. We adopt the spin current operator proposed in [J. Shi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 076604 (2006)], which satisfies a continuity equation and fits the Onsager relations. We use the time-independent perturbation theory to present a formula for the spin Hall conductivity, which consists of a "Chern-like" term, reminiscent of the Kubo formula obtained for the quantum Hall systems, and a correction term that accounts for the non-conservation of spin. We illustrate our findings on the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang model and the Kane-Mele model for time-reversal symmetric topological insulators and show that the correction term scales quadratically with the amplitude of the spin-conservation-breaking terms. In both models, the spin Hall conductivity deviates from the quantized value when spin is not conserved.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Monitoring airway mucus flow and ciliary activity with optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Chhetri, Raghav K.
name: Hill, David B.
name: Oldenburg, Amy L.
name: Button, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Muco-ciliary transport in the human airway is a crucial defense mechanism for removing inhaled pathogens. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is well-suited to monitor functional dynamics of cilia and mucus on the airway epithelium. Here we demonstrate several OCT-based methods upon an actively transporting in vitro bronchial epithelial model and ex vivo mouse trachea. We show quantitative flow imaging of optically turbid mucus, semi-quantitative analysis of the ciliary beat frequency, and functional imaging of the periciliary layer. These may translate to clinical methods for endoscopic monitoring of muco-ciliary transport in diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The Progenitor of the Peculiar Galaxy NGC3077
Creators: name: Okamoto, Sakurako
name: Arimoto, Nobuo
name: Ferguson, Annette M. N.
name: Irwin, Mike J.
name: Žemaitis, Rokas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the structural properties and metallicity distribution of the nearby peculiar galaxy NGC3077. Using data from our survey of the M81 Group with the Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, we construct deep color-magnitude diagrams that are used to probe the old red giant branch population of NGC3077. We map these stars out to and beyond the nominal tidal radius, which allows us to derive the structural properties and stellar content of the peripheral regions. We show that NGC3077 has an extended stellar halo and pronounced ``S-shaped" tidal tails that diverge from the radial profile of the inner region. The average metallicity of the old population in NGC3077 is estimated from individual RGBs to be $\rm{[M/H]}=-0.98 \pm 0.26$, which decreases with the distance from the galaxy center as $\rm{[M/H]}=-0.17$ dex $\rm{R_{h}}^{-1}$. The metallicity of the S-shaped structure is similar to that of the regions lying at $r\sim4\times\rm{R_{h}} (\sim 30$~kpc), indicating that the stellar constituents of the tidal tails have come from the outer envelope of NGC3077. These results suggest that this peculiar galaxy was probably a rather normal dwarf elliptical galaxy before the tidal interaction with M81 and M82. We also examine the evidence in our dataset for the six recently-reported ultra-faint dwarf candidates around NGC3077. We recover a spatial overdensity of sources coinciding with only one of these.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Photo-induced processes in collagen-hypericin system revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and multiphoton microscopy
Creators: name: Guo, H. W.
name: Buryakina, T.
name: Ghukasyan, V.
name: Hovhannisyan, A.
name: Dong, C. Y.
name: Hovhannisyan, V.
name: Chen, Y. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Collagen is the main structural protein and the key determinant of mechanical and functional properties of tissues and organs. Proper balance between synthesis and degradation of collagen molecules is critical for maintaining normal physiological functions. In addition, collagen influences tumor development and drug delivery, which makes it a potential cancer therapy target. Using second harmonic generation, two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy, and spectrofluorimetry, we show that the natural pigment hypericin induces photosensitized destruction of collagen-based tissues. We demonstrate that hypericin–mediated processes in collagen fibers are irreversible and may be used for the treatment of cancer and collagen-related disorders.
Quantitative upper airway endoscopy with swept-source anatomical optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Oldenburg, Amy L.
name: Wijesundara, Kushal
name: Iftimia, Nicusor
name: Price, Hillel
name: Kimbell, Julia
name: Zdanski, Carlton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Minimally invasive imaging of upper airway obstructions in children and adults is needed to improve clinical decision-making. Toward this goal, we demonstrate an anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT) system delivered via a small-bore, flexible endoscope to quantify the upper airway lumen geometry. Helical scans were obtained from a proximally-scanned fiber-optic catheter of 820 μm outer diameter and >2 mm focal length. Coupled with a long coherence length wavelength-swept light source, the system exhibited an SNR roll-off of < 10 dB over a 10 mm range. Operating at 10 rotations/s, the average accuracy of segmented cross-sectional areas was found to be −1.4 ± 1.0%. To demonstrate the capability of this system, aOCT was performed on a pediatric airway phantom and on ex vivo swine trachea. The ability for quantitative endoscopy afforded by this system can aid in diagnosis, medical and surgical decision making, and predictive modeling of upper airway obstructive disorders.
Partially Observable Concurrent Kleene Algebra
Creators: name: Wagemaker, Jana
name: Brunet, Paul
name: Docherty, Simon
name: Kappé, Tobias
name: Rot, Jurriaan
name: Silva, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce partially observable concurrent Kleene algebra (POCKA), an algebraic framework to reason about concurrent programs with control structures, such as conditionals and loops. POCKA enables reasoning about programs that can access variables and values, which we illustrate through concrete examples. We prove that POCKA is a sound and complete axiomatisation of a model of partial observations, and show the semantics passes an important check for sequential consistency.
description: Accepted for publication at CONCUR 2020
(103037) Magdalene Stuart Robison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Development of a School Management Model "HTS STEP MODEL" to Become a Quality School at Ban Huai La School, Ban Hong District, Lamphun Province
Creators: name: Nirun Loungaram
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: The development of a school management model
the quality school
HTS STEP MODEL
lamphun

description: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Mahasarakham University, 42, 3, no. 393-409