cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Silk sericin intake leads to increases in L-serine and L-tyrosine levels in the mouse brain and the simultaneous facilitation of brain noradrenergic turnover
Creators: name: Kawano, Yui
name: Yating, Hu
name: Sasaki, Masahiro
name: Furuya, Shigeki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Sericin is a protein component of the silkworm cocoon, and contains a high proportion of L-serine, but it has been mostly disposed of as an industrial waste. However, recent studies have revealed its unique biological functionalities beneficial to human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute oral intake of sericin on amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism in the mouse brain. Acute administration of chemically modified sericin (0.26 g/30 g body weight) increased L-serine and L-tyrosine levels in the serum and brain, although the L-tyrosine content in the sericin was less than 3% (w/w). In addition, sericin administration led to a significant facilitation of noradrenergic turnover via enhancement of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol, a principal metabolite of noradrenaline, in several of the brain regions examined. These present findings suggest that oral intake of sericin efficiently delivers L-serine and L-tyrosine to the brain, thus stimulating noradrenergic activity in the brain. Abbreviations: DA: dopamine; 5-HIAA: 5-hydroxyindoleicetic acid; 5-HT: 5-hydroxytryptamine; HVA: homovanillic acid; MHPG: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol; 3-MT: 3-methoxytyramine; NA: noradrenaline; NM: normetanephrine; Veh: vehicle Silk sericin intake led to increased serine and tyrosine levels, and an enhancement of noradrenaline metabolism in the cerebral cortex of the mouse.
Measurement of the branching fractions for psi(2S)-->e+e- and psi(2S)-->mu+mu-
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
name: Collaboration, the BABAR
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the branching fractions of the psi(2S) meson to the leptonic final states e+e- and mu+mu- relative to that for psi(2S)-->J/psi pi+pi-. The method uses psi(2S) mesons produced in the decay of B mesons at the Upsilon(4S) resonance in a data sample collected with the BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Using previous measurements for the psi(2S)-->J/psi pi+pi- branching fraction, we determine the e+e- and mu+mu- branching fractions to be 0.0078+/-0.0009+/-0.0008 and 0.0067+/-0.0008+/-0.0007 respectively.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, published as Physical Review D 65 031101(R) rapid communications
High-Energy Scattering by Extreme Dilaton Black Holes
Creators: name: Maki, Takuya
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the high and low energy scattering of charged scalar waves from an extreme dilaton black hole (DBH). The analyses here correspond to forward scattering processes of two charged scalar particles with dilaton coupling under a certain extreme condition. We calculate the scattering amplitude and compare it with the known results obtained by other methods. We also discuss the case of incoming wave with a general charge and dilaton coupling.
description: 7 pages, no figure
Additional file 9 of Atlas of regulated target genes of transcription factors (ART-TF) in human ES cells
Creators: name: Sharov, Alexei A.
name: Nakatake, Yuhki
name: Wang, Weidong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: User’s guide for accessing ART-TF data in ExAtlas.
Pinodytes colorado Peck & Cook 2011
Creators: name: Peck, Stewart B.
name: Cook, Joyce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Leiodidae
Pinodytes
Pinodytes colorado

description: Pinodytes colorado species group
 Diagnosis. This monotypic group is defined by the following combination of characters: head and pronotal microsculpture transverse substriate; antennomere 7 clearly larger than 8; male protibia evenly widened to apex; male protarsomeres and mesotarsomeres bearing two rows of thin, broad phanerae ventrally; mesoventritesl longitudinal carina not excavated anteriorly; median lobe of aedeagus elongate, broad; parameres moderately narrow, not reaching apex of median lobe, each bearing two apical setae.
description: Published as part of Peck, Stewart B. & Cook, Joyce, 2011, Systematics, distributions and bionomics of the Catopocerini (eyeless soil fungivore beetles) of North America (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Catopocerinae) 3077, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 3077 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3077.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243536
Additional file 2 of Community-based geographical distribution of Mycobacterium ulcerans VNTR-genotypes from the environment and humans in the Nyong valley, Cameroon
Creators: name: Zeukeng, Francis
name: Ablordey, Anthony
name: Kakou-Ngazoa, Solange E.
name: Ghogomu, Stephen Mbigha
name: Coulibaly, David N’golo
name: Nsoga, Marie Thérèse Ngo
name: Mbacham, Wilfred Fon
name: Bigoga, Jude Daiga
name: Rousseau Djouaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Distribution of MU-positivity per sampled locality and sample type.
Quantum threshold reflection of He atom beams from rough surfaces
Creators: name: Rojas-Lorenzo, G.
name: Rubayo-Soneira, J.
name: Miret-Artés, S.
name: Pollak, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum reflection of thermal He atoms from various surfaces (glass slide, GaAs wafer, flat and structured Cr) at grazing conditions is studied within the elastic close-coupling formalism. Comparison with the experimental results of B.S. Zhao et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 105}, 133203 (2010) is quite reasonable but the conclusions of the present theoretical analysis are different from those discussed in the experimental work. The universal linear behavior observed in the dependence of the reflection probability on the incident wave vector component perpendicular to the surface is only valid at small values of the component whereas, at larger values, deviation from the linearity is evident, approaching a quadratic dependence at higher values. The surface roughness seems to play no important role in this scattering. Moreover, the claim that one observes a transition from quantum to classical reflection seems to be imprecise.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1807.06985
Combined PARP and ATR inhibition potentiates genome instability and cell death in ATM-deficient cancer cells
Creators: name: Lloyd, Rebecca L.
name: Wijnhoven, Paul W. G.
name: Ramos-Montoya, Antonio
name: Wilson, Zena
name: Illuzzi, Giuditta
name: Falenta, Katarzyna
name: Jones, Gemma N.
name: James, Neil
name: Chabbert, Christophe D.
name: Stott, Jonathan
name: Dean, Emma
name: Lau, Alan
name: Young, Lucy A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1059/153
/631/67/1059/602
/631/154/53/2423
/692/53/2423
/13/31
/13/2
/13/51
/13/106
/14/19
/14/63
/64/60
/13
/13/95
article

description: Abstract: The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib is FDA approved for the treatment of BRCA-mutated breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. Olaparib inhibits PARP1/2 enzymatic activity and traps PARP1 on DNA at single-strand breaks, leading to replication-induced DNA damage that requires BRCA1/2-dependent homologous recombination repair. Moreover, DNA damage response pathways mediated by the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) kinases are hypothesised to be important survival pathways in response to PARP-inhibitor treatment. Here, we show that olaparib combines synergistically with the ATR-inhibitor AZD6738 (ceralasertib), in vitro, leading to selective cell death in ATM-deficient cells. We observe that 24 h olaparib treatment causes cells to accumulate in G2-M of the cell cycle, however, co-administration with AZD6738 releases the olaparib-treated cells from G2 arrest. Selectively in ATM-knockout cells, we show that combined olaparib/AZD6738 treatment induces more chromosomal aberrations and achieves this at lower concentrations and earlier treatment time-points than either monotherapy. Furthermore, single-agent olaparib efficacy in vitro requires PARP inhibition throughout multiple rounds of replication. Here, we demonstrate in several ATM-deficient cell lines that the olaparib and AZD6738 combination induces cell death within 1–2 cell divisions, suggesting that combined treatment could circumvent the need for prolonged drug exposure. Finally, we demonstrate in vivo combination activity of olaparib and AZD6738 in xenograft and PDX mouse models with complete ATM loss. Collectively, these data provide a mechanistic understanding of combined PARP and ATR inhibition in ATM-deficient models, and support the clinical development of AZD6738 in combination with olaparib.
Instantons and baryon dynamics
Creators: name: Diakonov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explain how instantons break chiral symmetry and how do they bind quarks in baryons. The confining potential is possibly irrelevant for the task.
description: Plenary talk at Baryons-02, 12 p
Soluble silica stimulates osteogenic differentiation and gap junction communication in human dental follicle cells
Creators: name: Uribe, Pamela
name: Johansson, Anders
name: Jugdaohsingh, Ravin
name: Powell, Jonathan J.
name: Magnusson, Catarina
name: Davila, Marcela
name: Westerlund, Anna
name: Ransjö, Maria
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/308/2778
/639/301/54/2295
article

description: Abstract: Several studies have indicated that dietary silicon (Si) is beneficial for bone homeostasis and skeletal health. Furthermore, Si-containing bioactive glass biomaterials have positive effects on bone regeneration when used for repair of bone defects. Si has been demonstrated to stimulate osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralisation in vitro. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects of Si are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of soluble Si on osteogenic differentiation and connexin 43 (CX43) gap junction communication in cultured pluripotent cells from human dental follicles (hDFC). Neutral Red uptake assay demonstrated that 25 μg/ml of Si significantly stimulated hDFC cell proliferation. Dosages of Si above 100 μg/ml decreased cell proliferation. Alizarin Red staining showed that osteogenic induction medium (OIM) by itself and in combination with Si (25 μg/ml) significantly increased mineralisation in hDFC cultures, although Si alone had no such effect. The expression of osteoblast-related markers in hDFC was analysed with RT-qPCR. OSX, RUNX2, BMP2, ALP, OCN, BSP and CX43 genes were expressed in hDFC cultured for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days. Expression levels of BMP-2 and BSP were significantly upregulated by OIM and Si (25 μg/ml) and were also induced by Si alone. Notably, the expression levels of OCN and CX43 on Day 21 were significantly increased only in the Si group. Flow cytometric measurements revealed that Si (50 μg/ml) significantly increased CX43 protein expression and gap junction communication in hDFC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics processing were used for the identification of differentially regulated genes and pathways. The influence of OIM over the cell differentiation profile was more prominent than the influence of Si alone. However, Si in combination with OIM increased the magnitude of expression (up or down) of the differentially regulated genes. The gene for cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was the most significantly upregulated. Genes for the regulator of G protein signalling 4 (RGS4), regulator of G protein signalling 2 (RGS2), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 8, and 10 were also strongly upregulated. Our findings reveal that soluble Si stimulates Cx43 gap junction communication in hDFC and induces gene expression patterns associated with osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the results support the conclusion that Si is beneficial for bone health.
Evaluation of Temporal Complexity Reduction Techniques Applied to Storage Expansion Planning in Power System Models
Creators: name: Raventós, Oriol
name: Bartels, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.6.3

description: The growing share of renewable energy makes the optimization of power flows in power system models computationally more complicated, due to the widely distributed weather-dependent electricity generation. This article evaluates two methods to reduce the temporal complexity of a power transmission grid model with storage expansion planning. The goal of the reduction techniques is to accelerate the computation of the linear optimal power flow of the grid model. This is achieved by choosing a small number of representative time periods to represent one whole year. To select representative time periods, a hierarchical clustering is used to aggregate either adjacent hours chronologically or independently distributed coupling days into clusters of time series. The aggregation efficiency is evaluated by means of the error of the objective value and the computational time reduction. Further, both the influence of the network size and the efficiency of parallel computation in the optimization process are analysed. As a test case, the transmission grid of the northernmost German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein with a scenario corresponding to the year 2035 is considered. The considered scenario is characterized by a high share of installed renewables.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Minor corrections. References added
Additional file 1 of Preparation of a miR-155-activating nucleic acid nanoflower to study the molecular mechanism of miR-155 in inflammation
Creators: name: Wang, Wenxin
name: Geng, Jie
name: Wu, Xiaohan
name: Zhang, Jianguang
name: Zheng, Chenna
name: Rao, Huachun
name: Li, Tianyu
name: Diao, Yong
name: Yang, Huiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Host gene MiR155HG and the 10,000 base sequence upstream of the 5'end of the first exon.
Evidence for Nearby Supernova Explosions
Creators: name: Benitez, Narciso
name: Maiz-Apellaniz, Jesus
name: Canelles, Matilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova explosions are one of the most energetic--and potentially lethal--phenomena in the Universe. Scientists have speculated for decades about the possible consequences for life on Earth of a nearby supernova, but plausible candidates for such an event were lacking. Here we show that the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, a group of young stars currently located at~130 parsecs from the Sun, has generated 20 SN explosions during the last 11 Myr, some of them probably as close as 40 pc to our planet. We find that the deposition on Earth of 60Fe atoms produced by these explosions can explain the recent measurements of an excess of this isotope in deep ocean crust samples. We propose that ~2 Myr ago, one of the SNe exploded close enough to Earth to seriously damage the ozone layer, provoking or contributing to the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary marine extinction.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Replaced by final version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Topological framework for directional amplification in driven-dissipative cavity arrays
Creators: name: Wanjura, Clara C.
name: Brunelli, Matteo
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/639/624
/639/624/400/482
/639/766/119/2792
/639/766/483/640
/129
article

description: Funder: Winton Programme for the Physics of Sustainability (https://www.winton.phy.cam.ac.uk/)
description: Abstract: Directional amplification, in which signals are selectively amplified depending on their propagation direction, has attracted much attention as key resource for applications, including quantum information processing. Recently, several, physically very different, directional amplifiers have been proposed and realized in the lab. In this work, we present a unifying framework based on topology to understand non-reciprocity and directional amplification in driven-dissipative cavity arrays. Specifically, we unveil a one-to-one correspondence between a non-zero topological invariant defined on the spectrum of the dynamic matrix and regimes of directional amplification, in which the end-to-end gain grows exponentially with the number of cavities. We compute analytically the scattering matrix, the gain and reverse gain, showing their explicit dependence on the value of the topological invariant. Parameter regimes achieving directional amplification can be elegantly obtained from a topological ‘phase diagram’, which provides a guiding principle for the design of both phase-preserving and phase-sensitive multimode directional amplifiers.
Well-being is more than happiness and life satisfaction: a multidimensional analysis of 21 countries
Creators: name: Ruggeri, Kai
name: Garcia-Garzon, Eduardo
name: Maguire, Áine
name: Matz, Sandra
name: Huppert, Felicia A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Well-being
Mental health
Composite measures
Economic policy
Exploratory structural equation models

description: Abstract: Background: Recent trends on measurement of well-being have elevated the scientific standards and rigor associated with approaches for national and international comparisons of well-being. One major theme in this has been the shift toward multidimensional approaches over reliance on traditional metrics such as single measures (e.g. happiness, life satisfaction) or economic proxies (e.g. GDP). Methods: To produce a cohesive, multidimensional measure of well-being useful for providing meaningful insights for policy, we use data from 2006 and 2012 from the European Social Survey (ESS) to analyze well-being for 21 countries, involving approximately 40,000 individuals for each year. We refer collectively to the items used in the survey as multidimensional psychological well-being (MPWB). Results: The ten dimensions assessed are used to compute a single value standardized to the population, which supports broad assessment and comparison. It also increases the possibility of exploring individual dimensions of well-being useful for targeting interventions. Insights demonstrate what may be masked when limiting to single dimensions, which can create a failure to identify levers for policy interventions. Conclusions: We conclude that both the composite score and individual dimensions from this approach constitute valuable levels of analyses for exploring appropriate policies to protect and improve well-being.
The impact of pollution abatement investments on production technology: new insights from frontier analysis
Creators: name: Huiban, Jean-Pierre
name: Mastromarco, Camille
name: Musolesi, Antonio
name: Simioni, Michel
name: Huiban, Jean-Pierre
name: Mastromarco, Camille
name: Musolesi, Antonio
name: Simioni, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Pollution abatement investments
subject: Technology
subject: Stochatic frontier analysis
subject: Conditional nonparametric frontier analysis
subject: Generalized product kernels
subject: Generalized local polynomial kernel regression
subject: Investissements antipollution
subject: Technologie
subject: Frontières stochastique de production
subject: Estimation non paramétrique des frontières de production
subject: Estimateurs de noyaux
subject: Industrie agroalimentaire française

description: This paper attempts to estimate the impact of pollution abatement investments on the production technology of ﬁrms by pursuing two new directions. First, we take advantage of recent econometric developments in productivity and efficiency analysis and compare the results obtained with two complementary approaches: parametric stochastic frontier analysis and conditional nonparametric frontier analysis. Second, we focus not only on the average effect but also on its heterogeneity across ﬁrms and over time and search for potential non linearities. We provide new results suggesting that such an effect is heterogeneous both within ﬁrms and over time and indicating that the effect of pollution abatement investments on the production process is not monotonic. These results have relevant implications both for modeling and for the purposes of advice on environmentally friendly policy... French abstract: Cet article estime l’impact des investissements anti-pollution sur la technologie en suivant deux nouvelles directions. Premièrement, il s’inspire de travaux économétriques récents en analyse de la productivité et de l’efficacité et compare les résultats obtenus en utilisant deux approches complémentaires : l’approche paramétrique des frontières stochastiques de production et celle non paramétrique de frontières de production. Deuxièmement, l’analyse de se concentre plus sur le seul comportement moyen mais s’intéresse à l’hétérogénéité des effets des investissements anti-pollution entre les firmes dans le temps. Une attention particulière est ainsi donnée à la détection de non linéarités. Les résultats empiriques apportent un éclairage nouveau sur ces effets en montrant qu’ils sont hétérogènes à la fois entre les firmes et dans le temps et qu’ils ne sont pas monotones. De tels résultats ont une implication en termes non seulement de modélisation des effets des investissements anti-pollution sur la technologie mais aussi de recommandations pour la politique environnementale de réduction des émissions polluantes des firmes.
The increasing importance of Ashi Waza, in high level competition. (Their Biomechanics, and small changes in the form)
Creators: name: Sacripanti, Attilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we are interested, both: at the description of Biomechanics of the Ashi Waza techniques, with precision of few of them, members of the Japanese, so called, Ko Waza group; and at the biomechanical analysis of the small changes in the applicative form of them. These small changes, from the basic movement defined by Kodokan and show in thousand books, probably born from practical competitive situations. They are today become the usual applicative form, not only present among the various National Federations, but also in Japan itself among Universities dojos and the Kodokan. Among the Ko Waza techniques, we will select for our analysis only the following: Ko Uchi Gari , Ko Soto Gari, Ko Uchi Barai, Ko Soto Barai, Ko Soto Gake , Ko Uchi Gake That are considered by Japanese followers different throwing techniques, as the different names show us. But from the Biomechanical point of view all these Kodokan throws are based on the same physical principle and practically on the same movements.
description: 10 pages, 35 figures presented at 6th European an judo science and research symposium and 5th scientific and professional conference Applicable Research in judo 12-14 June Porec, Croatia
Gamma radiation from areal radius minima in a quasi-spherical Szekeres metric
Creators: name: Krasiński, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous papers it was shown that in a quasi-spherical Szekeres (QSS) metric, impulses of gamma radiation can arise that have several properties in common with the observed gamma-ray bursts. This happens when the bang-time function $t_B(r)$ has a gate-shaped hump around the origin of the QSS region. The gamma rays arise along two preferred directions of the QSS geometry (coincident with dipole extrema when axially symmetric, otherwise unrelated). In these directions, the rays of the relic radiation are blueshifted rather than redshifted. The blueshift is generated in a thin region between the Big Bang (BB) and the extremum-redshift hypersurface (ERH). But the Szekeres models can describe the real Universe only forward in time from the last-scattering hypersurface (LSH) because the matter in them has zero pressure. The ERH is tangent to the BB at the origin, so in a neighbourhood thereof the ERH lies earlier than the LSH and no blueshift is generated in the physical region. The question thus arose whether the BB and ERH can be ``unglued'' if the QSS region has no origin, but the areal radius function $Φ$ has a local maximum or minimum somewhere. In the present paper it is demonstrated that this is indeed the case. If the hump in $t_B(r)$ is centered around the minimum of $Φ$, then the BB and ERH in general do not coincide there and a stronger blueshift is generated on rays passing nearby. It follows that a lower and narrower hump on the BB set can generate sufficient blueshift to move the initial frequencies of the relic radiation to the gamma range. These facts are demonstrated by numerical calculations in an explicit example of a QSS region.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures. Literature on GRBs updated, conclusions section extended, small editorial corrections. This text matches the published one. Length spuriously increased because of APPB page display
Additional file 1 of The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study
Creators: name: Brushe, Mary E.
name: Lynch, John
name: Reilly, Sheena
name: Melhuish, Edward
name: Murthy N. Mittinty
name: Brinkman, Sally A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Appendix. Observed Means vs Computed Means. To compare the observed means in the raw data and the predicted means computed using the margins command.
Leucine regulates autophagy via acetylation of the mTORC1 component raptor
Creators: name: Son, Sung Min
name: Park, So Jung
name: Stamatakou, Eleanna
name: Vicinanza, Mariella
name: Menzies, Fiona M.
name: Rubinsztein, David C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/80/39/2346
/631/80/86/2369
/631/80/458/1275
/13/31
/13/89
/13/95
/13/106
/13/109
/14
/14/63
article

description: Funder: Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002283
description: Funder: CUH | Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals (Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002927
description: Abstract: Macroautophagy (“autophagy”) is the main lysosomal catabolic process that becomes activated under nutrient-depleted conditions, like amino acid (AA) starvation. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a well-conserved negative regulator of autophagy. While leucine (Leu) is a critical mTORC1 regulator under AA-starved conditions, how Leu regulates autophagy is poorly understood. Here, we describe that in most cell types, including neurons, Leu negatively regulates autophagosome biogenesis via its metabolite, acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA). AcCoA inhibits autophagy by enhancing EP300-dependent acetylation of the mTORC1 component raptor, with consequent activation of mTORC1. Interestingly, in Leu deprivation conditions, the dominant effects on autophagy are mediated by decreased raptor acetylation causing mTORC1 inhibition, rather than by altered acetylation of other autophagy regulators. Thus, in most cell types we examined, Leu regulates autophagy via the impact of its metabolite AcCoA on mTORC1, suggesting that AcCoA and EP300 play pivotal roles in cell anabolism and catabolism.
Additional file 2 of The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study
Creators: name: Brushe, Mary E.
name: Lynch, John
name: Reilly, Sheena
name: Melhuish, Edward
name: Murthy N. Mittinty
name: Brinkman, Sally A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Appendix. Sensitivity Analysis. To ensure the addition of the extra 35 low educated families at waves 2 and 3 did not affect the results, we undertook a sensitivity analysis which only included families who had participated since wave 1.
Noncommutative de Rham cohomology of finite groups
Creators: name: Castellani, L.
name: Catenacci, R.
name: Debernardi, M.
name: Pagani, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study de Rham cohomology for various differential calculi on finite groups G up to order 8. These include the permutation group S_3, the dihedral group D_4 and the quaternion group Q. Poincare' duality holds in every case, and under some assumptions (essentially the existence of a top form) we find that it must hold in general. A short review of the bicovariant (noncommutative) differential calculus on finite G is given for selfconsistency. Exterior derivative, exterior product, metric, Hodge dual, connections, torsion, curvature, and biinvariant integration can be defined algebraically. A projector decomposition of the braiding operator is found, and used in constructing the projector on the space of 2-forms. By means of the braiding operator and the metric a knot invariant is defined for any finite group.
description: LaTeX, 25 pages, 4 figures. Added higher order exterior basis and volume forms of quaternion and dihedral groups, corrected sign in eq. (2.37) and (2.40), corrected misprints
Why gender matters: reflections from the Livestock-Water Productivity Research Project
Creators: name: Mapedza, Everisto
name: Amede, Tilahun
name: Geheb, Kim
name: Peden, D.
name: Boelee, Eline
name: Demissie, T. S.
name: Van Hoeve, E.
name: Van Koppen, Barbara
name: Mapedza, Everisto
name: Amede, Tilahun
name: Geheb, Kim
name: Peden, D.
name: Boelee, Eline
name: Demissie, T. S.
name: Van Hoeve, E.
name: Van Koppen, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Gender
subject: Women
subject: Female labor
subject: Households
subject: Livestock
subject: Water productivity
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Zimbabwe
subject: Africa South of Sahara

description: Livestock water productivity (LWP) is becoming a major area of research. IWMI and ILRI are attempting to understand the gender implications of different interventions to increase LWP, through research funded by BMZ (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung). This paper draws on research conducted in Ethiopia and Zimbabwe and also the wealth of information emerging from the Multiple Use Systems Project (CPWF Project 28 on www.musproject.net). Some of the emerging results show that technological innovations are not gender neutral, because their design, timing, and labor requirements have differential gender implications. Some technological interventions to increase livestock water productivity might result in more work for women and fewer benefits going to the women. Secondly, gender and power relationships also shape the benefit terrain, which results in differential access and control of the benefits from the improved livestock water productivity. What matters is not just improving livestock water productivity, but the type of livestock targeted. Smaller livestock are seen to be largely benefiting women, thereby improving education and health prospects of the children within poorer households more than larger livestock. Therefore improving LWP does not necessarily result in improved well-being for men, women, and children and reduce poverty at large. Gender nuanced interventions are likely to contribute toward improvements in the livelihoods of both men and women.
description: In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.2. Increasing rainwater productivity; Multi-purpose water systems. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food
description: Conference Chapters/ Papers
Living on the move, dwelling between temporality and permanence in Syria
Creators: name: Al Asali, M. Wesam
name: Wagemann, Elizabeth
name: Ramage, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Internally displaces persons
Temporary housing
Mud villages
Post-disaster housing
Shelter
Syrian conflict

description: Abstract: Although the international displacement of people caused by the Syrian conflict has dominated the media for the past several years, an inside story that is less visible requires more attention: that of internal displacement. More than half of the population of Syria has been forced to flee their houses. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in December 2017 accounted for more than six and a half million, more than a third of the total of population of Syria in 2011 (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), 2012. http://www.internal-displacement.org/middle-east-and-north-africa/syria/). Displaced Syrians have experienced constraints in getting adequate housing for the short- and mid-term inside and outside the country. However, internal displacement, in particular, adds a dimension to the complex notion of mass sheltering. Sheltering policies, or lack thereof, as well as the shelter itself as a design and construction product all express the power of those who govern more than the aspirations of those who inhabit. Affected groups find solutions by themselves, via national or international organisations, or a combination of both. However, such solutions function under the influence of authorities controlling the area in which IDPs are received. Among the alternatives available to displaced communities, this paper reviews two cases of internally displaced families in Syria: a collective centre in government-controlled Damascus (schools) and a planned camp in Afes village in a rebel-held area near Idlib.
Measurements of effective optical depth in the Ly$α$ forest from the BOSS DR12 Quasar sample
Creators: name: Kamble, Vikrant
name: Dawson, Kyle
name: Bourboux, Hélion du Mas des
name: Bautista, Julian
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the effective optical depth in the Lyman-alpha (Ly$α$) forest using 40,035 quasar spectra from the Twelfth Data Release (DR12) of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of SDSS-IV. A rigorous selection based on spectral index and the equivalent width of the C IV emission line is applied to choose seven uniform samples with minimal intrinsic variations across redshifts. Modeling the redshift evolution of the effective optical depth with a power-law, $τ_\mathrm{eff}=τ_0 (1 + z)^γ$ produces $τ_0=(5.54 \pm 0.64)\times 10^{-3}$ and $γ=3.182 \pm 0.074$. The 2.2% precision estimate on $γ$ is dominated by systematic errors, likely arising from the bias and uncertainties in spectral index estimates. Even after incorporating the systematic errors, this work provides the most precise estimates of optical depth parameters to date. Finally, using the reconstructed Ly$α$ forest continuum to directly measure the transmitted flux ratio as a function of redshift, we find deviations of less than 2.5% from the predictions from the global model and no convincing evidence for signal associated with He II reionization.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ
The Calculation of Vacuum Properties from the Global Color Symmetry Model
Creators: name: Zong, Hong-shi
name: Ping, Jia-lun
name: Yang, Hong-ting
name: Lu, Xiao-fu
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified method for calculating the non-perturbative quark vacuum condensates from the global color symmetry model is derived. Within this approach it is shown that the vacuum condensates are free of ultraviolet divergence which is different from previous studies. As a special, the two-quark condensate and the mixed quark-gluon condensate are calculated. A comparision with the results of the other nonperturbative QCD approaches is given.
description: 17 pages
Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands and its impact on the downstream dependent on the Blue Nile
Creators: name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
name: McCartney, Matthew
name: Steinhaus, T.
name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
name: McCartney, Matthew
name: Steinhaus, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: River basin management
subject: Land management
subject: Irrigation programs
subject: Rain
subject: Runoff
subject: Models
subject: Water use
subject: Sedimentation
subject: Erosion
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Sudan
subject: Egypt

description: This paper introduces and highlights some results of a multi-institutional collaborative research project under implementation related to “Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands and its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile”. In the Nile Basin, water from the Ethiopian highlands, particularly from the Blue Nile (Abay), has in the past benefited downstream people in Sudan and Egypt in different ways – agriculture, livestock, industry and electrical power. However, such free benefits are now threatened due to dramatically changing land, water and livestock management practices upstream. High population pressure, lack of alternative livelihood opportunities and the slow pace of rural development are inducing deforestation, overgrazing, land degradation and declining agricultural productivity. Poor water and land management upstream reduces both potential runoff yields and the quality of water reaching downstream. The result is a vicious cycle of poverty and food insecurity for millions in the upstream; and poor water quality, heavy siltation, flooding, and poor temporal water distribution in the downstream threatening livelihood and economies in the downstream. It is widely recognized that improved water management in the Abay Basin will significantly increase water availability for various stakeholders within the basin. Key research questions raised in the project include: What are the successful interventions that help improve productivity and reverse degradation? What are the impacts downstream? What are the opportunities and constraints enhancing rural livelihoods and food security? Focusing around these questions, intermediate results related to meteorological, hydrological and physical based basin characterization, methodologies for erosion and sediment modelling, water availability and access for various production systems are presented. Synergies and complementarities with Nile Basin shared vision and subsidiary action projects, particularly with the Eastern Nile are also highlighted.
description: Paper presented at the Ethiopia National Nile Development Forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 20-21 March 2008
description: Conference Chapters/ Papers
On the Gamma convergence of functionals defined over pairs of measures and energy-measures
Creators: name: Caroccia, Marco
name: Cristoferi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel general framework for the study of $Γ$-convergence of functionals defined over pairs of measures and energy-measures is introduced. This theory allows us to identify the $Γ$-limit of these kind of functionals by knowing the $Γ$-limit of the underlining energies. In particular, the interaction between the functionals and the underlining energies results, in the case these latter converge to a non continuous energy, in an additional effect in the relaxation process. This study was motivated by a question in the context of epitaxial growth evolution with adatoms. Interesting cases of application of the general theory are also presented.
Scattering Calculations with Wavelets
Creators: name: Kessler, B. M.
name: Payne, G. L.
name: Polyzou, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the use of wavelet bases for solving the momentum-space scattering integral equation leads to sparse matrices which can simplify the solution. Wavelet bases are applied to calculate the K-matrix for nucleon-nucleon scattering with the s-wave Malfliet-Tjon V potential. We introduce a new method, which uses special properties of the wavelets, for evaluating the singular part of the integral. Analysis of this test problem indicates that a significant reduction in computational size can be achieved for realistic few-body scattering problems.
description: 26 pages, Latex, 6 eps figures
Nolz1 expression is required in dopaminergic axon guidance and striatal innervation
Creators: name: Soleilhavoup, Clement
name: Travaglio, Marco
name: Patrick, Kieran
name: Garção, Pedro
name: Boobalan, Elangovan
name: Adolfs, Youri
name: Spriggs, Ruth V.
name: Moles-Garcia, Emma
name: Dhiraj, Dalbir
name: Oosterveen, Tony
name: Ferri, Sarah L.
name: Abel, Ted
name: Brodkin, Edward S.
name: Pasterkamp, R. Jeroen
name: Brooks, Brian P.
name: Panman, Lia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/378/2571/2576
/631/378/2571/2578
/631/378/2571/1696
/14/19
/14/1
/64/60
/38/91
/13/51
article

description: Funder: Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004359
description: Abstract: Midbrain dopaminergic (DA) axons make long longitudinal projections towards the striatum. Despite the importance of DA striatal innervation, processes involved in establishment of DA axonal connectivity remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate a striatal-specific requirement of transcriptional regulator Nolz1 in establishing DA circuitry formation. DA projections are misguided and fail to innervate the striatum in both constitutive and striatal-specific Nolz1 mutant embryos. The lack of striatal Nolz1 expression results in nigral to pallidal lineage conversion of striatal projection neuron subtypes. This lineage switch alters the composition of secreted factors influencing DA axonal tract formation and renders the striatum non-permissive for dopaminergic and other forebrain tracts. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of wild-type and Nolz1−/− mutant striatal tissue led to the identification of several secreted factors that underlie the observed guidance defects and proteins that promote DA axonal outgrowth. Together, our data demonstrate the involvement of the striatum in orchestrating dopaminergic circuitry formation.
India’s water supply and demand from 2025-2050: business-as-usual scenario and issues
Creators: name: Amarasinghe, Upali A.
name: Shah, Tushaar
name: Anand, B. K.
name: Amarasinghe, Upali A.
name: Shah, Tushaar
name: Anand, B. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Water demand
subject: Estimation
subject: Irrigation water
subject: River basins
subject: Water supply
subject: Simulation models
subject: Population growth
subject: Food production
subject: Food consumption
subject: Crop yield
subject: Groundwater irrigation
subject: India
subject: China

description: In Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Sharma, Bharat R. (Eds.) Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India, Series 2. Proceedings of the Workshop on Analyses of Hydrological, Social and Ecological Issues of the NRLP, New Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Additional file 1 of Letter to the Editor: Cancer rates not explained by smoking: how to investigate a single county
Creators: name: Myers, Douglas J.
name: Hoppin, Polly
name: Jacobs, Molly
name: Clapp, Richard
name: Kriebel, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary material
Contributions of vector meson photoproduction to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule
Creators: name: Zhao, Q.
name: Al-Khalili, J. S.
name: Bennhold, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An improved version of a recently developed quark model approach to vector meson photoproduction is applied to the investigation of contributions of vector meson photoproduction to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule. We find that the sum rule converges at a few GeV's. Contributions to the proton channel are found to be small while to the neutron are relatively large.
description: Revtex, 2 figures; Typos corrected; to appear in PRC Rapid Commu