Archaeological Monitoring within the Southwest Germann Site, Former Williams Air Force Base, Mesa, Maricopa County, Arizona
Creators: name: System User
Publisher: name: Urs Corporation
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesa, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/77549/mesa-az
subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: Phoenix Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/27/phoenix-basin
subject: Maricopa (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3900/maricopa-county
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5728/historic
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5633/hohokam
subject: Prehistoric
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/53/prehistoric
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: XU403
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/100480/xu403
subject: Queen Creek Delta
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/100482/queen-creek-delta
subject: Southwest Germann Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/25682/southwest-germann-site
subject: Munitions Response Area
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/100481/munitions-response-area
subject: AZ U:10:2 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/25683/az-u102-asm
subject: AZ U:10:20 (ASU)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/79180/az-u1020-asu
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/174/plainware
subject: tabular knife fragment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2706/tabular-knife-fragment
subject: knapping debris
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2707/knapping-debris
subject: Hohokam redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2170/hohokam-redware
subject: Salado Polychrome Ware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/576/salado-polychrome-ware
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Historic Artifacts
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2273/historic-artifacts
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Red-on-Buff
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2629/red-on-buff
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Osteological Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/30850/osteological-analysis
subject: Environment Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/13/environment-research
subject: Ground Disturbance Monitoring
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/20/ground-disturbance-monitoring
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: The U.S. Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment retained URS Corporation (URS) to conduct a preliminary assessment and site inspection (PA/SI) of the Debris Area, subsequently designated Munitions Response Area (MRA) XU403, located at the former Williams Air Force Base (AFB) in Mesa, Arizona. The PA/SI was undertaken to determine whether there are munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) or any releases (contaminants), as defined by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, within the MRA XU403 and if so, to formulate recommendations for follow-up actions. The MRA XU403 is within the Southwest Germann archaeological site. The four aspects of the investigations that involved ground disturbance and could adversely affect the potential of the Southwest Germann site to yield important information were: (1) the geophysical instrument validation strip (prove-out area), (2) vegetation removal in conjunction with detector-aided visual surface survey, (3) intrusive investigation of geophysical anomalies to remove MEC, munitions debris, and other metal items, and (4) trenching to sample for possible contaminants. Archaeological monitoring resulted in the collection of 1,125 artifacts, all from the ground surface except for 13 artifacts that were found on piles of backdirt that the unexploded ordinance team had excavated during removal of MEC, munitions debris, and other metal items. Almost 90 percent (%) of the artifacts are Hohokam potsherds; most are not temporally diagnostic. In summary, implementation of the PA/SI and removal of MEC and munitions debris involved relatively little ground disturbance and did not adversely affect the potential of the Southwest Germann site to yield important information. The 1994 testing and the monitoring in 2009, 2010, and 2011 did not identify any buried Hohokam archaeological features within MRA XU403. Any buried features might have been destroyed by prior activities, particularly if they were shallowly buried, such as floors of adobe building remnants. Nevertheless, the quantity of artifacts and presence of human remains suggests that intact or partially intact buried archaeological features could be present within MRA XU403.