cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supermassive Stars: Fact or Fiction?
Creators: name: Janka, H. -Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes are now realized to exist in the centers of most galaxies. The recent discoveries of luminous quasars at redshifts higher than 6 require that these black holes were assembled already when the Universe was less than a billion years old. They might originate from the collapse of supermassive stars, a scenario which could ensure a sufficiently rapid formation. Supermassive stars are dominated by photon pressure and radiate at their Eddington limit, which drives their quasi-static evolution to a final relativistic instability. Above some critical value of the metallicity, their collapse can lead to a gigantic explosion, powered by the energy release due to hydrogen burning, but below this critical metallicity their collapse inevitably ends in the formation of a black hole, accompanied by the emission of huge amounts of energy in the form of neutrinos. Although collapsing supermassive stars are the most powerful known burst sources of neutrinos, the associated conditions do not appear favorable for producing highly relativistic outflows that can explain cosmic gamma-ray bursts.
description: 13 pages; 1 png, 5 eps figures. Invited Review at the Conference ``Lighthouses of the Universe'', August 6-10, 2001 (Garching, Germany)
Segment Any Anomaly without Training via Hybrid Prompt Regularization
Creators: name: Cao, Yunkang
name: Xu, Xiaohao
name: Sun, Chen
name: Cheng, Yuqi
name: Du, Zongwei
name: Gao, Liang
name: Shen, Weiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel framework, i.e., Segment Any Anomaly + (SAA+), for zero-shot anomaly segmentation with hybrid prompt regularization to improve the adaptability of modern foundation models. Existing anomaly segmentation models typically rely on domain-specific fine-tuning, limiting their generalization across countless anomaly patterns. In this work, inspired by the great zero-shot generalization ability of foundation models like Segment Anything, we first explore their assembly to leverage diverse multi-modal prior knowledge for anomaly localization. For non-parameter foundation model adaptation to anomaly segmentation, we further introduce hybrid prompts derived from domain expert knowledge and target image context as regularization. Our proposed SAA+ model achieves state-of-the-art performance on several anomaly segmentation benchmarks, including VisA, MVTec-AD, MTD, and KSDD2, in the zero-shot setting. We will release the code at \href{https://github.com/caoyunkang/Segment-Any-Anomaly}{https://github.com/caoyunkang/Segment-Any-Anomaly}.
description: The first two authors contribute equally. The code will be available on https://github.com/caoyunkang/Segment-Any-Anomaly
Dynamic structure factor of a Bose Einstein condensate in a 1D optical lattice
Creators: name: Menotti, C.
name: Kraemer, M.
name: Pitaevskii, L.
name: Stringari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a one dimensional periodic potential on the dynamic structure factor of an interacting Bose Einstein condensate at zero temperature. We show that, due to phononic correlations, the excitation strength towards the first band develops a typical oscillating behaviour as a function of the momentum transfer, and vanishes at even multiples of the Bragg momentum. The effects of interactions on the static structure factor are found to be significantly amplified by the presence of the optical potential. Our predictions can be tested in stimulated photon scattering experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Global Energetics of Solar Flares. IX. Refined Magnetic Modeling
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A more accurate analytical solution of the {\sl vertical-current approximation nonlinear force-free field (VCA3-NLFFF)} model is presented that includes besides the radial $(B_r)$ and the azimuthal $(B_φ)$ magnetic field components a poloidal component $(B_θ \neq 0)$ also. This new analytical solution is of second-order accuracy in the divergence-freeness condition, and of third-order accuracy in the force-freeness condition. We re-analyze the sample of 173 GOES M- and X-class flares observed with the {\sl Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)} and {\sl Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI)} onboard the {\sl Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)}. The new code reproduces helically twisted loops with a low winding number below the kink instability consistently, avoiding unstable, highly-twisted structures of the Gold-Hoyle flux rope type. The magnetic energies agree within $E_{VCA3}/E_W=0.99\pm0.21$ with the Wiegelmann (W-NLFFF) code. The time evolution of the magnetic field reveals multiple, intermittent energy build-up and releases in most flares, contradicting both the Rosner-Vaiana model (with gradual energy storage in the corona) and the principle of time scale separation ($τ_{flare} \ll τ_{storage}$) postulated in self-organized criticality models. The mean dissipated flare energy is found to amount to $7\%\pm3\%$ of the potential energy, or $60\%\pm26\%$ of the free energy, a result that can be used for predicting flare magnitudes based on the potential field of active regions.
description: 40. p, 13 Figs
title: 02_1384
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
ESM Table 3 LME results for speaker discrimination from Dogs perceive and spontaneously normalize formant-related speaker and vowel differences in human speech sounds
Creators: name: Root-Gutteridge, Holly
name: Ratcliffe, Victoria F.
name: Korzeniowska, Anna T.
name: Reby, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This presents the full linear mixed effect model results for unfamiliar speaker discrimination by dogs.
Entanglement measures and non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems: a path integral approach
Creators: name: Ghosh, Roopayan
name: Dupuis, Nicolas
name: Sen, Arnab
name: Sengupta, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a path integral formalism for expressing matrix elements of the density matrix of a quantum many-body system between any two coherent states in terms of standard Matsubara action with periodic(anti-periodic) boundary conditions on bosonic(fermionic) fields. We show that this enables us to express several entanglement measures for bosonic/fermionic many-body systems described by a Gaussian action in terms of the Matsubara Green function. We apply this formalism to compute various entanglement measures for the two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the strong-coupling regime, both in the presence and absence of Abelian and non-Abelian synthetic gauge fields, within a strong coupling mean-field theory. In addition, our method provides an alternative formalism for addressing time evolution of quantum-many body systems, with Gaussian actions, driven out of equilibrium without the use of Keldysh technique. We demonstrate this by deriving analytical expressions of the return probability and the counting statistics of several operators for a class of integrable models represented by free Dirac fermions subjected to a periodic drive in terms of the elements of their Floquet Hamiltonians. We provide a detailed comparison of our method with the earlier, related, techniques used for similar computations, discuss the significance of our results, and chart out other systems where our formalism can be used.
description: 23 pages,13 figures, minor changes , version submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Aculops Keifer 1966
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eriophyidae
Aculops

description: Aculops Keifer, 1966
 Type species. Vasates populivagrans Keifer, 1953: 68, 76.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform; scapular setae (sc) and tubercles on rear shield margin, directed posteriorly, frontal lobe acuminate; coxae I and coxae II each with 3 setae; legs with usual segmentation and setae, empodium less than 7-rayed; opisthosoma annuli differential dorsoventrally.
 This genus consists of 158 species (Amrine et al. 2003). Only 7 of these have been recorded from Southeast Asia.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 79
Dissipation in Hydrodynamics from Micro- to Macroscale: Wisdom from Boltzmann and Stochastic Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Forastiere, Danilo
name: Avanzini, Francesco
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that macroscopic irreversible thermodynamics for viscous fluids can be derived from exact information-theoretic thermodynamic identities valid at the microscale. Entropy production, in particular, is a measure of the loss of many-particle correlations in the same way in which it measures the loss of system-reservoirs correlations in stochastic thermodynamics (ST). More specifically, we first show that boundary conditions at the macroscopic level define a natural decomposition of the entropy production rate (EPR) in terms of thermodynamic forces multiplying their conjugate currents, as well as a change in suitable nonequilibrium potential that acts as a Lyapunov function in the absence of forces. Moving to the microscale, we identify the exact identities at the origin of these dissipative contributions for isolated Hamiltonian systems. We then show that the molecular chaos hypothesis, which gives rise to the Boltzmann equation at the mesoscale, leads to a positive rate of loss of many-particle correlations, which we identify with the Boltzmann EPR. By generalizing the Boltzmann equation to account for boundaries with nonuniform temperature and nonzero velocity, and resorting to the Chapman-Enskog expansion, we recover the macroscopic theory we started from. Finally, using a linearized Boltzmann equation we derive ST for dilute particles in a weakly out-of-equilibrium fluid and its corresponding macroscopic thermodynamics. Our work unambiguously demonstrates the information-theoretical origin of thermodynamic notions of entropy and dissipation in macroscale irreversible thermodynamics.
description: 36 pages, 1 figure
Finite element approximation of time-dependent mean field games with nondifferentiable Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Osborne, Yohance A. P.
name: Smears, Iain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The standard formulation of the PDE system of Mean Field Games (MFG) requires the differentiability of the Hamiltonian. However in many cases, the structure of the underlying optimal problem leads to a convex but nondifferentiable Hamiltonian. For time-dependent MFG systems, we introduce a generalization of the problem as a Partial Differential Inclusion (PDI) by interpreting the derivative of the Hamiltonian in terms of the subdifferential set. In particular, we prove the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to the resulting MFG PDI system under standard assumptions in the literature. We propose a monotone stabilized finite element discretization of the problem, using conforming affine elements in space and an implicit Euler discretization in time with mass-lumping. We prove the strong convergence in $L^2(H^1)$ of the value function approximations, and strong convergence in $L^p(L^2)$ of the density function approximations, together with strong $L^2$-convergence of the value function approximations at the initial time.
description: 39 pages
Chiral Loops and Ghost States in the Quenched Scalar Propagator
Creators: name: Bardeen, W.
name: Duncan, A.
name: Eichten, E.
name: Isgur, N.
name: Thacker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar, isovector meson propagator is analyzed in quenched QCD, using the MQA pole-shifting ansatz to study the chiral limit. In addition to the expected short-range exponential falloff characteristic of a heavy scalar meson, the propagator also exhibits a longer-range, negative metric contribution which becomes pronounced for smaller quark masses. We show that this is a quenched chiral loop effect associated with the anomalous structure of the $η'$ propagator in quenched QCD. Both the time dependence and the quark mass dependence of this effect are well-described by a chiral loop diagram corresponding to an $η'- π$ intermediate state, which is light and effectively of negative norm in the quenched approximation. The relevant parameters of the effective Lagrangian describing the scalar sector of the quenched theory are determined.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, Latex
Price Discrimination and Pricing to Market Behavior of Black Sea Region Wheat Exporters
Creators: name: Gafarova, Gulmira
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Gafarova, Gulmira
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Glauben, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: fixed-effects model
subject: price discrimination
subject: pricing-to-market
subject: wheat export

description: As a result of some recent changes in the international wheat market, market shares of leading wheat exporters have recently altered. The Black Sea region countries – Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine (KRU) – have become important wheat exporters, since they implemented substantial restructuring in total agricultural production, consumption and trade in the 1990s, and subsequently achieved a massive increase in grain production during the 2000s. Consequently, the pricing behaviour of these countries has become a key issue. By applying the pricing-to-market model to annual wheat exports, this study analyses the price discriminating behaviour of the KRU exporters in foreign markets during 1996-2012. The results demonstrate that even though the KRU countries are able to exercise price discrimination in different importing countries, they usually face perfect competition in most destinations.
von Kármán--Howarth and Corrsin equations closures through Liouville theorem
Creators: name: de Divitiis, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this communication, the closure formulas of von Kármán--Howarth and Corrsin equations are obtained through the Liouville theorem and the hypothesis of homogeneous isotropic incompressible turbulence. Such closures, based on the concept that, in fully developed turbulence, contiguous fluid particles trajectories continuously diverge, are of non--diffusive nature, and express a correlations spatial propagation phenomenon between the several scales which occurs with a propagation speed depending on length scale and velocity standard deviation. These closure formulas coincide with those just obtained in previous works through the finite scale Lyapunov analysis of the fluid act of motion. Here, unlike the other articles, the present study does not use the Lyapunov theory, and provides the closures showing first an exact relationship between the pair spatial correlations calculated with the velocity distribution function and those obtained using the material separation line distribution function. As this analysis does not adopt the Lyapunov theory, this does not need the definition and/or the existence of the Lyapunov exponents. Accordingly, the present proof of the closures results to be more general and rigorous than that presented in the other works, corroborating the previous results. Finally, the conditions of existence of invariants in isotropic turbulence are studied by means of the proposed closures. In the presence of such invariants and self--similarity, the sole evolution of velocity and temperature standard deviations and of the correlation scales is shown to be adequate to fairly describe the isotropic turbulence.
description: 30 pages, revised. Journal title: Results in Physics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1902.03509
Why does my medical AI look at pictures of birds? Exploring the efficacy of transfer learning across domain boundaries
Creators: name: Jonske, Frederic
name: Kim, Moon
name: Nasca, Enrico
name: Evers, Janis
name: Haubold, Johannes
name: Hosch, René
name: Nensa, Felix
name: Kamp, Michael
name: Seibold, Constantin
name: Egger, Jan
name: Kleesiek, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is an open secret that ImageNet is treated as the panacea of pretraining. Particularly in medical machine learning, models not trained from scratch are often finetuned based on ImageNet-pretrained models. We posit that pretraining on data from the domain of the downstream task should almost always be preferred instead. We leverage RadNet-12M, a dataset containing more than 12 million computed tomography (CT) image slices, to explore the efficacy of self-supervised pretraining on medical and natural images. Our experiments cover intra- and cross-domain transfer scenarios, varying data scales, finetuning vs. linear evaluation, and feature space analysis. We observe that intra-domain transfer compares favorably to cross-domain transfer, achieving comparable or improved performance (0.44% - 2.07% performance increase using RadNet pretraining, depending on the experiment) and demonstrate the existence of a domain boundary-related generalization gap and domain-specific learned features.
description: Code available from https://github.com/TIO-IKIM/Transfer-learning-across-domain-boundaries/ - Paper, code, and contents are subject to the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license
SDC-HSDD-NDSA: Structure Detecting Cluster by Hierarchical Secondary Directed Differential with Normalized Density and Self-Adaption
Creators: name: Shu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Density-based clustering is the most popular clustering algorithm since it can identify clusters of arbitrary shape as long as they are separated by low-density regions. However, a high-density region that is not separated by low-density ones might also have different structures belonging to multiple clusters. As far as we know, all previous density-based clustering algorithms fail to detect such structures. In this paper, we provide a novel density-based clustering scheme to address this problem. It is the rst clustering algorithm that can detect meticulous structures in a high-density region that is not separated by low-density ones and thus extends the range of applications of clustering. The algorithm employs secondary directed differential, hierarchy, normalized density, as well as the self-adaption coefficient, called Structure Detecting Cluster by Hierarchical Secondary Directed Differential with Normalized Density and Self-Adaption, dubbed SDC-HSDD-NDSA. Experiments on synthetic and real datasets are implemented to verify the effectiveness, robustness, and granularity independence of the algorithm, and the scheme is compared to unsupervised schemes in the Python package Scikit-learn. Results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms previous ones in many situations, especially significantly when clusters have regular internal structures. For example, averaging over the eight noiseless synthetic datasets with structures employing ARI and NMI criteria, previous algorithms obtain scores below 0.6 and 0.7, while the presented algorithm obtains scores higher than 0.9 and 0.95, respectively.
description: 18 pages
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in pure 2D Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Aminov, Gleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider purely topological $2$d Yang-Mills theory on a torus with the second Stiefel-Whitney class added to the Lagrangian in the form of a $θ$-term. It will be shown, that at $θ=π$ there exists a class of $SU(2 N)/\mathbb{Z}_2$ ($N>1$) gauge theories with a two-fold degenerate vacuum, which spontaneously breaks the time reversal and charge conjugation symmetries. The corresponding order parameter is given by the generator $\mathcal{O}$ of the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ one-form symmetry.
description: The ambiguity between the second Stiefel-Whitney class $w_2$ and an invariant of $PSU(N)$ bundles $u_2$ was removed. Conclusion section and more references were added in version 3
Heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies in a quark-gluon exchange framework
Creators: name: da Silva, D. T.
name: Hadjimichef, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies can be studied in the context of the Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (VUU) model. One of the main features in this model is the nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross section in the collisional term. Quark interchange plays a role in the NN interaction and its effect can be observed in the cross section. We explore the possibility that quark interchange effects can appear in observables at energies lower than RHIC.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of VIII Hadron Physics 2002
TÄUSCHUNG IM LEBENSMITTELVERKEHR – EIN PRINZIPAL-AGENTEN-MODELL
Creators: name: Piper, Anne
name: Kuhl, Rainer
name: Piper, Anne
name: Kuhl, Rainer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Lebensmitteltäuschung
subject: Prinzipal-Agenten-Modell
subject: Informationsasymmetrien
subject: Verbraucher-schutz
subject: Neue Institutionenökonomik

description: Lebensmittel sind Produkte des täglichen Bedarfs und weisen dabei zahlreiche Erfahrungs- und Vertrauenseigenschaften auf. Die hierbei zu Ungunsten des Verbrauchers bestehenden Informationsasymmetrien schaffen den Lebensmittelanbietern Spielraum für opportunisti-sches Verhalten, welches trotz bestehender Täuschungsschutzgesetze immer wieder zum Ob-jekt der öffentlichen Diskussion wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert die lebensmittelbe-zogene Verbraucher-Produzenten-Beziehung im Rahmen eines Prinzipal-Agenten-Modells. Dabei kann zunächst demonstriert werden, wie wichtig aus ökonomischer Perspektive die Ermittlung eines geeigneten Verbraucherleitbildes für die Täuschungsbekämpfung ist. Zudem wird gezeigt, dass eine verbraucherseitige Bestrafung subjektiver Täuschung, die mit LE-BENSMITTELKLARHEIT mittlerweile sogar institutionalisiert wurde, reduziert werden muss, um Täuschung zu verhindern.
Cornering Higgsino: Use of Soft Displaced Track
Creators: name: Fukuda, Hajime
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Oide, Hideyuki
name: Otono, Hidetoshi
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgsino has been intensively searched for in the LHC experiments in recent years. Currently, there is an uncharted region beyond the LEP Higgsino mass limit where the mass splitting between the neutral and charged Higgsinos is around $0.3$-$1$ GEV, which is unexplored by either the soft di-lepton or disappearing track searches. This region is, however, of great importance from a phenomenological point of view, as many supersymmetric models predict such a mass spectrum. In this letter, we propose a possibility of filling this gap by using a soft micro-displaced track on top of the mono-jet event selection, which allows us to discriminate a signature of the charged Higgsino decay from the Standard Model background. It is found that this new strategy is potentially sensitive to a Higgsino mass of $\lesssim 180$ $(250)$ GeV at the LHC Run 2 (HL-LHC) for a charged-neutral mass splitting of $\simeq 0.5$ GeV.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Phyllocoptes heterozonus Nalepa 1923
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eriophyidae
Phyllocoptes
Phyllocoptes heterozonus

description: Phyllocoptes heterozonus Nalepa, 1923
 Phyllocoptes heterozonus Nalepa, 1923: 429–430.
 Phyllocoptes heterozonus; Amrine & Stasny, 1994: 249.
 Host. Canarium littorale (Burseraceae).
 Habit. Galls.
 Distribution. Indonesia (Java).
 Remarks. Nalepa (1923) provided no figures for this species.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 72
title: 01_2244
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Anisotropic magnetic behavior of GdBa_2Cu_3O_{6+y} single crystals
Creators: name: Narozhnyi, V. N.
name: Eckert, D.
name: Fuchs, G.
name: Nekvasil, V.
name: Müller, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of high-quality Al-free nonsuperconducting GdBa_2Cu_3O_{6+y} single crystals grown by flux method have been studied. The magnetic anisotropy below the Néel temperature T_N~2.3K corresponds to the direction of Gd^{3+} magnetic moments along the tetragonal c-axis. At T < T_N clear indications of spin-flop transitions for H||c have been observed on magnetization curves at H_{sf}~10kOe. Magnetic phase diagrams have been obtained for H||c as well as for H||ab. A pronounced anisotropy in the magnetic susceptibility (unexpected for Gd-based compounds) has been found above T_N.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures; LT23 (Aug. 2002; Hiroshima), accepted to Physica B
Phase space for gravity with boundaries
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Alberto S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This explanatory note, based on the geometrical method by Kijovski and Tulczyjew, describes the construction of the reduced phase space of Lagrangian field theories, i.e., the correct space of initial conditions with its symplectic structure. Several examples and, in particular, the case of four-dimensional gravity in the coframe formalism (Palatini--Cartan theory) are analyzed.
description: 23 pages. References updated. Article commissioned by the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics
The Born-Infeld Sphaleron
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Hartmann, Betti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the SU(2) electroweak model in which the standard Yang-Mills coupling is supplemented by a Born-Infeld term. The deformation of the sphaleron and bisphaleron solutions due to the Born-Infeld term is investigated and new branches of solutions are exhibited. Especially, we find a new branch of solutions connecting the Born-Infeld sphaleron to the first solution of the Kerner-Gal'tsov series.
description: 8 pages, 5 Postscript figures; new results on Bisphalerons added; minor modifications
The Individual Behavior of Consumers Visualized by Means of Sequence Analysis
Creators: name: Klink, Jeanette
name: Langen, Nina
name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Klink, Jeanette
name: Langen, Nina
name: Hartmann, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper measures consumer preferences for different (ethical) product attributes of meat products by questionnaires and compares these results to the ones obtained using an individualized Information Display Matrix (IDM). The products considered in the study are pork and chicken cutlet. The findings firstly confirm that the IDM is able to reduce social desirability effects, a problem which likely is of importance in surveys investigating the relevance of ethical product characteristics. Secondly, using sequence analysis the paper provides information on the intensity of the information search process. In fact it can be shown that many consumers neglect almost half of the attributes presented. Thirdly, the paper shows that it is possible and can be considered a methodological advancement in IDM research to apply sequence analysis to data acquired via an IDM. Different indicators allow quantifying main characteristics of consumers’ information search process and make it possible to test for differences between data obtained from different IDM experiments.
Specific heat of the quantum Bragg Glass
Creators: name: Schehr, Gregory
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of the vibrational modes of a lattice pinned by impurity disorder in the absence of topological defects (Bragg glass phase). Using a replica variational method we compute the specific heat $C_v$ in the quantum regime and find $C_v \propto T^3$ at low temperatures in dimension three and two. The prefactor is controlled by the pinning length. The non trivial cancellation of the linear term in $C_v$ arises from the so-called marginality condition and has important consequences for other mean field models.
description: 5 pages, RevTex, strongly revised version
DO GROWTH RATES DEPEND ON THE INITIAL FIRM SIZE? EVIDENCE FOR THE GERMAN AGRIBUSINESS
Creators: name: Hohler, Julia
name: Kuhl, Rainer
name: Hohler, Julia
name: Kuhl, Rainer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agribusiness
subject: structural change
subject: empirical growth.

description: The Agribusiness is in flux: a shrinking number of up- and downstream corporations questions traditional equilibrium concepts. How will the population of firms develop and which consequences will arise for competition? In 1931, Gibrat stated the firm size and a firm’s growth rate to be independent. Testing the validity of Gibrat’s law for the German Agribusiness allows drawing conclusions on future developments of concentration. By investigating 551 manufacturing downstream enterprises, we reject Gibrat’s law and find small firms to grow stronger than bigger firms in relation to their initial size. Consequently, the sector could reach a steady state in concentration.
Optical conductivity of a topological system driven using a realistic pulse
Creators: name: Seshadri, Ranjani
name: Pereg-Barnea, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a time-periodic perturbation, such as radiation, on a system otherwise at equilibrium has been studied in the context of Floquet theory with stationary states replaced by Floquet states and the energy replaced by quasienergy. These quasienergy bands in general differ from the energy bands in their dispersion and, especially in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, in their states. This may, in some cases, alter the topology when the quasienergy bands exhibit different topological invariants than their stationary counterparts. In this work, motivated by advances in pump-probe techniques, we consider the optical response of driven topological systems when the drive is not purely periodic but is instead multiplied by a pulse shape/envelope function. We use real time-evolved states to calculate the optical conductivity and compare it to the response calculated using Floquet theory. We find that the conductivity bears a memory of the initial equilibrium state even when the pump is turned on slowly and the measurement is taken well after the ramp. The response of the time-evolved system is interpreted as coming from Floquet bands whose population has been determined by their overlap with the initial equilibrium state. In particular, at band inversion points in the Brillouin zone the population of the Floquet bands is inverted as well.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Phyllocoptruta sapii
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eriophyidae
Phyllocoptruta
Phyllocoptruta sapii

description: Phyllocoptruta sapii (Keifer, 1972)
 Notalox sapii Keifer, 1972: 11–12, 15.
 Phyllocoptruta sapii; Keifer, 1977b: 11.
 Phyllocoptruta sapii; Amrine & Stasny, 1994: 261.
 Host. Sapium discolor (Euphorbiaceae).
 Habit. Rust, leaf edge rolling.
 Distribution. Singapore (Catchment Area).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 74
A Case Study of a Market Advisory Service's Performance in Marketing Hard Red Winter Wheat in Kansas
Creators: name: Kalous, Tod
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin
name: Kastens, Terry
name: Kalous, Tod
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin
name: Kastens, Terry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Crop marketing, and specifically the efficiency of markets, is a topic of much interest and debate in the agricultural industry. This case study examines the effectiveness of a marketing advisory service (MAS) in pricing hard red winter wheat in Kansas. The post-harvest recommendations of this particular MAS followed by a wheat producer in northwest Kansas over a 32- year time period were analyzed. Results indicate that the net price received following the MAS's recommendations were statistically no better than simply selling at harvest given commercial storage costs and bank interest rates. With lower storage costs, the MAS did receive a premium of 13¢ per bushel compared to harvest sales. A cash marketer storing and selling grain at the same time as the MAS marketer, but without forward contracting, would have been 10¢ per bushel worse off than the MAS marketer. This MAS gain was due to its ability to secure a stronger basis level and pick up short term price movement gains. However, these strengths of the MAS were offset by its fees and by the fact that they tended to store wheat too long.
Non-Stationary Fast-Driven Self-Organized Criticality in Solar Flares
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original concept of self-organized criticality (Bak et al.~1987), applied to solar flare statistics (Lu and Hamilton 1991), assumed a slow-driven and stationary flaring rate, which warrants time scale separation (between flare durations and inter-flare waiting times), it reproduces power-law distributions for flare peak fluxes and durations, but predicts an exponential waiting time distribution. In contrast to these classical assumptions we observe: (i) multiple energy dissipation episodes during most flares, (ii) violation of the principle of time scale separation, (iii) a fast-driven and non-stationary flaring rate, (iv) a power law distribution for waiting times $Δt$, with a slope of $α_{Δt} \approx 2.0$, as predicted from the universal reciprocality between mean flaring rates and mean waiting times; and (v) pulses with rise times and decay times of the dissipated magnetic free energy on time scales of $12\pm6$ min, up to 13 times in long-duration ($\lapprox 4$ hrs) flares. These results are inconsistent with coronal long-term energy storage (Rosner and Vaiana 1978), but require photospheric-chromospheric current injections into the corona.
description: 19 p, 8 Figs
Mimetic Black Holes
Creators: name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Allahyari, Alireza
name: Khodadi, Mohsen
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we look for the vacuum static spherically symmetric solution in the mimetic gravity scenario based on the conformal invariance principle. The trivial solution is a stealth Schwarzschild black hole with scalar hair where the mimetic field does not contribute to the background. However, a solution with two naked singularities shows up when the mimetic scalar field contributes to the background. We show that one of these singularities is the same as the singularity at the center of standard Schwarzschild black hole while the other appears due to caustics formation. However, we construct the mimetic black hole solution by gluing the exterior static spherically symmetric solution to a time-dependent anisotropic spacetime describing the interior of the black hole. It is shown that these two solutions match continuously on the surface of the apparent horizon. Some physical properties of the corresponding mimetic black holes are discussed.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, matches published version
BV Quantization
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Alberto S.
name: Mnev, Pavel
name: Schiavina, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This note gives an overview of the BV formalism in its various incarnations and applications.
description: 16 pages. Article commissioned by the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics
Topological Susceptibility in Lattice QCD with Two Flavors of Dynamical Quarks
Creators: name: PACS Collaboration
name: Khan, A. Ali
name: Aoki, S.
name: Burkhalter, R.
name: Ejiri, S.
name: Fukugita, M.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Ishizuka, N.
name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Kuramashi, Y.
name: Manke, T.
name: Nagai, K.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Shanahan, H. P.
name: Ukawa, A.
name: Yoshie, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the topological susceptibility in lattice QCD with two degenerate flavors of dynamical quarks. The topological charge is measured on gauge configurations generated with a renormalization group improved gauge action and a mean field improved clover quark action at three values of $β=6/g^2$, corresponding to lattice spacings of $a \approx 0.22$, 0.16 and 0.11 fm, with four sea quark masses at each $β$. The study is supplemented by simulations of pure SU(3) gauge theory with the same gauge action at 5 values of $β$ with lattice spacings 0.09 fm$\simlt a \simlt$0.27 fm. We employ a field theoretic definition of the topological charge together with cooling. For the topological susceptibility in the continuum limit of pure SU(3) gauge theory we obtain $χ_t^{1/4} = 197^{+13}_{-16}$ MeV where the error shows statistical and systematic ones added in quadrature. In full QCD $χ_t$ at heavy sea quark masses is consistent with that of pure SU(3) gauge theory. A decrease of $χ_t$ toward light quark masses, as predicted by the anomalous Ward-Takahashi identity for U(1) chiral symmetry, becomes clearer for smaller lattice spacings. The cross-over in the behavior of $χ_t$ from heavy to light sea quark masses is discussed.
description: RevTeX, 17 pages, 10 figures
Magnetic properties and structural phase transition in ultrathin fcc Fe (111) and bcc Fe (111) films: first-principles study
Creators: name: Meixner, Jakub
name: Rychły-Gruszecka, Justyna
name: Werwiński, Mirosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81-10

description: The aim of this work is to investigate the structural and magnetic characteristics of Fe thin films with a triangular (hexagonal) lattice surfaces (fcc (111) and bcc (111)). The properties of these structures have been calculated using density functional theory (DFT) implemented in the full-potential local-orbital(FPLO) code. The results indicate a structural phase transition from fcc to bcc structure when the film thickness exceeds 23 Fe atomic monolayers. The considered fcc films prefer the low-spin ferromagnetic state with an average magnetic moment of about 1.0 $μ_{B}$ per atom. This moment decreases with increasing film thickness until the critical thickness, where, after the structural transition to the bcc phase, it reaches a value close to that of bulk bcc Fe. Moreover, the values of the magnetic anisotropy energy are positive (perpendicular magnetic anisotropy) for the entire thickness range of films with fcc structure (in ferromagnetic low-spin state) and systematically decrease with increasing film thickness. The presented computational results explain the experimentally observed structural transition and may help to select appropriate substrates with suitable lattice parameters for the deposition of ultrathin Fe(111) films.
description: submitted to Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
On the Spectrum of QCD(1+1) with SU(N_c) Currents
Creators: name: Trittmann, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending previous work, we calculate in this note the fermionic spectrum of two-dimensional QCD (QCD_2) in the formulation with SU(N_c) currents. Together with the results in the bosonic sector this allows to address the as yet unresolved task of finding the single-particle states of this theory as a function of the ratio of the numbers of flavors and colors, λ=N_f/N_c, anew. We construct the Hamiltonian matrix in DLCQ formulation as an algebraic function of the harmonic resolution K and the continuous parameter λ. Amongst the more surprising findings in the fermionic sector chiefly considered here is that the fermion momentum is a function of λ. This dependence is necessary in order to reproduce the well-known 't Hooft and large N_f spectra. Remarkably, those spectra have the same single-particle content as the ones in the bosonic sectors. The twist here is the dramatically different sizes of the Fock bases in the two sectors, which makes it possible to interpret in principle all states of the discrete approach. The hope is that some of this insight carries over into the continuum. We also present some new findings concerning the single-particle spectrum of the adjoint theory.
description: 21 pp., 13 figures, version published in PRD