cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IT Leadership and Cloud Computing Adoption in Western Canadian K-12 School Districts
Creators: name: Holowka, Peter
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cloud Computing
subject: IT infrastructure
subject: Educational Technology
subject: educational leadership
subject: K-12 education
subject: organizational innovation adoption
subject: Education--Administration
subject: Education--Elementary
subject: Education--Secondary
subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Education--Technology
subject: Sociology--Organizational
subject: Computer Science

description: Cloud computing IT infrastructure continues to grow in prevalence globally and across industries. This research sought to explore the extent of cloud computing adoption in Western Canadian K-12 districts, and to better understand the factors that influence its adoption (or nonadoption) within an educational context. This research answers the questions of how IT infrastructure decisions are made in K-12 districts, what is the IT infrastructure within these districts, and what are the influences/priorities that shape this infrastructure. The Frambach and Schillewaert (2002) conceptual framework for organizational innovation adoption was central to this research, identifying both the influences/priorities that affect districts’ adoption of cloud computing, as well as districts’ stages of adoption. This case study followed a data transformation model mixed-methods triangulation design, employing semistructured interviews, document analysis, and statistical correlation analysis. A finding of this study was that IT infrastructure decisions were most often made by leaders in either the instructional or financial branch of the district’s superintendent’s office, though who was responsible for IT decisions produced negligible differences concerning the IT infrastructure used. A major finding of this study is that cloud computing is ubiquitous in large Western Canadian K-12 school districts. In this study of all 75 districts in British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, with 5,000 students or more, 100% of districts used cloud computing for at least one domain of their IT infrastructure. Non-cloud computing IT infrastructure was rare, and, when found, was typically used to complement cloud computing. The province in which a district was located had the greatest influence on its IT infrastructure. This was due to the influence of each province’s unique legislation. Additional factors that influenced districts’ IT infrastructure were a district’s size and the other types of IT infrastructure used within that district. A recommendation of this study is that K-12 districts in Western Canada, and around the world, continue to shift their IT infrastructure towards cloud computing.
Monotone Matching in Perfect and Imperfect Worlds
Creators: name: Legros, Patrick
name: Newman, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics

description: We study frictionless matching models in large production economies with and without market imperfections and/or incentive problems. We provide necessary and sufficient distribution-free conditions for monotone matching which depend on the relationship between what we call the segregation payoff -- a generalization of the individually rational payoff -- and the feasible set for a pair of types. Our approach yields some new techniques for computing equilibria, particularly when utility is not transferable. It also helps to underscore the effects of imperfections, which have two distinct effects that are relevant for equilibrium matching patterns: they can overwhelm the complementarity properties of the production technology and they can introduce nontransferabilities that make equilibrium matching inefficient. We also use our framework to reveal the source of differences in the comparative static properties of some models in the literature and to explore the effects of distribution on the equilibrium matching pattern.
Quantum geometric phase in Majorana's stellar representation: Mapping onto a many-body Aharonov-Bohm phase
Creators: name: Bruno, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The (Berry-Aharonov-Anandan) geometric phase acquired during a cyclic quantum evolution of finite-dimensional quantum systems is studied. It is shown that a pure quantum state in a (2J+1)-dimensional Hilbert space (or, equivalently, of a spin-J system) can be mapped onto the partition function of a gas of independent Dirac strings moving on a sphere and subject to the Coulomb repulsion of 2J fixed test charges (the Majorana stars) characterizing the quantum state. The geometric phase may be viewed as the Aharonov-Bohm phase acquired by the Majorana stars as they move through the gas of Dirac strings. Expressions for the geometric connection and curvature, for the metric tensor, as well as for the multipole moments (dipole, quadrupole, etc.), are given in terms of the Majorana stars. Finally, the geometric formulation of the quantum dynamics is presented and its application to systems with exotic ordering such as spin nematics is outlined.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2: small modifications in response to a Referee's recommendations + corrections of typos in some equations; v3: final version (with minor corrections), as published. See also the accompanying Viewpoint in Physics [http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/Physics.5.65]
Barleria sunzuana Brummitt & Seyani
Creators: name: Champluvier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Barleria
Barleria sunzuana

description: Barleria sunzuana Brummitt & Seyani (Brummitt & Seyani 1978: 721–722). – Type: Zambia, Sunzu Mt, Abercorn distr., alt. 2250 m, Apr. 1962, Richards 16369, fl (holo-: K). Other collections examined – Zambia: Sunzu Hill, Abercorn distr., alt. 1980 m, Apr. 1936, Burtt 6101, fl (K, BM, BR); Sunzu summit, alt. 2065 m, Jun. 1955, Lawton 213, fl (K); Sunzu Mt, alt. 1800 m, Apr. 1961, Richards 15077, fl, fr (K); ibid., alt. 2100 m, Apr. 1962, Richards 16368, fl (K); ibid., alt. 2250 m, Mar. 1966, Richards 21380, fl (K); Saisi Valley, Zambia Govnt Ranch, Mbala distr., alt. 1500 m, May 1968, Richards 23274, fl (K, BR). Habitat – Rocky slopes, alt. (1500–)1800–(?)2250 m. Endemic to Sunzu Mt. Brummitt (1978), commenting on Richard’s collections, stated that there must be some mistake in the recording of the altitudes as the summit of Sunzu mountain is only 2065 m.
description: Published as part of Dominique Champluvier, 2011, New and overlooked Acanthaceae taxa from D. R. Congo, Rwanda and Burundi: (1) the genus Barleria, pp. 82-95 in Plant Ecology and Evolution 144 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2011.388, http://zenodo.org/record/1486150
description: {"references": ["Brummitt R. K., Seyani J. H. (1978) Two new species of Barleria from tropical Africa. Kew Bulletin 32: 721 - 722. DOI: 10.2307 / 4109765"]}
Glass transition and random close packing above three dimensions
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Patrick
name: Ikeda, Atsushi
name: Parisi, Giorgio
name: Zamponi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recently identified severe discrepancy between a static and a dynamic theory of glasses, we numerically investigate the behavior of dense hard spheres in spatial dimensions 3 to 12. Our results are consistent with the static replica theory, but disagree with the dynamic mode-coupling theory, indicating that key ingredients of high-dimensional physics are missing from the latter. We also obtain numerical estimates of the random close packing density, which provides new insights into the mathematical problem of packing spheres in large dimension.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Identity Perception of Chinese Immigrant Youth at a Mandarin Bilingual School
Creators: name: Lai, Xingru
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chinese immigrant
subject: Identity
subject: Education--Bilingual and Multicultural

description: This study explored identity perception of youth from Chinese backgrounds in the context of a Mandarin/English bilingual education program in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The study was based on the theory proposed by Grosjean (2015) on bilingualism and biculturalism, together with bilingual identity negotiation framework by Fielding (2015). Six students from Grades 7 to 9 were individually interviewed about how they used languages and how they perceived their identities as a person from Chinese backgrounds in the Mandarin/English bilingual program. Results indicated that bilingualism is a dynamic process. Some participants in this study started with one language as the dominant language, but after a transition period, the first language became the weaker language and the second language the stronger language. Meanwhile, results revealed their creative uses of languages. Most participants engaged in code-switching in their language use both in the interviews and in their home usage of languages. Through this program, they learned how to value their own languages and cultures as well as feeling proud of being Chinese. Implications of the study suggested the need to emphasize the importance of affirming identities in language learning for immigrant students. In order for students’ bilingual competence to develop, the immigrant students’ heritage background should be seen as a valuable resource and be fully respected.
Evaluating Machine Learning for Improving Power Grid Reliability
Creators: name: Wu, Leon Li
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Rudin, Cynthia
name: Waltz, David L.
name: Anderson, Roger N.
name: Boulanger, Albert G.
name: Salleb-Aouissi, Ansaf
name: Dutta, Haimonti
name: Pooleery, Manoj
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: Ensuring reliability as the electrical grid morphs into the "smart grid" will require innovations in how we assess the state of the grid, for the purpose of proactive maintenance, rather than reactive maintenance; in the future, we will not only react to failures, but also try to anticipate and avoid them using predictive modeling (machine learning and data mining) techniques. To help in meeting this challenge, we present the Neutral Online Visualization-aided Autonomic evaluation framework (NOVA) for evaluating machine learning and data mining algorithms for preventive maintenance on the electrical grid. NOVA has three stages provided through a unified user interface: evaluation of input data quality, evaluation of machine learning and data mining results, and evaluation of the reliability improvement of the power grid. A prototype version of NOVA has been deployed for the power grid in New York City, and it is able to evaluate machine learning and data mining systems effectively and efficiently.
Permian tectonism in the Sverdrup Basin, Axel Heiberg Island, Arctic Canada
Creators: name: Alonso Torres, Daniel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Permian
subject: Sverdrup Basin
subject: Tectonics
subject: Geochronology
subject: Basin inversion
subject: Back arc
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Mississippian to Eocene Sverdrup Basin in the Canadian Arctic has long been considered to have originated as a rift following the collapse of the Devonian to Mississippian Ellesmerian Orogen. From latest Pennsylvanian to Middle Permian time, several tectonic events were accompanied by outpouring of volcanic material and the addition of a northern sediment source, presently lying beneath the Arctic Ocean. This thesis encompasses geochronological, stratigraphic and structural analyses with a focus on Pennsylvanian to Lower Triassic strata and deformational events on the northern portion of the Sverdrup Basin. Northerly-sourced sediments contain a syndepositional zircon sub-population, deposited in an area that experienced multiple Pennsylvanian to Triassic uplift and deformation pulses, providing evidence for the existence of a magmatically and tectonically active margin to the north. In contrast to the passive margin setting traditionally assumed for northern Laurentia, these results require a reevaluation of the Sverdrup Basin as a backarc to retroarc basin.
Efficient Digital Predistortion for Next-Generation Wireless Systems Using Optimization and Signal Processing Techniques
Creators: name: Abdelhafiz, Abubaker Hassan Babiker
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: digital predistortion
subject: power amplifiers
subject: fifth-generation wireless
subject: MIMO
subject: multi-band
subject: wireless transmitters
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Engineering--System Science

description: As consumers expect better and faster service and data-rates from wireless providers, the limits of existing wireless networks become more apparent. In response, the wireless communication industry steadily marches towards the next generation of network technology to meet this demand. The upcoming fifth generation (5G) of wireless networks promises connection speeds and data rates that are one hundred times faster than the existing networks, and vastly improved signal and connection quality. The path towards 5G however is not an easy one; as there are many significant challenges facing the design of radio frequency (RF) systems standing between the concepts of 5G, and its real-world implementation; such as the use of Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output systems, multi-band transmission and ultra-wideband signaling in the 5G standard. The move from the present fourth generation (4G) networks to 5G represents a fundamental paradigm shift in design methodology and theoretical concepts employed, which means that the current linearization and digital predistortion (DPD) techniques are not directly scalable to 5G. As such, a new generation of DPD methods suitable for the wireless networks of tomorrow and beyond is needed. The end goal of this thesis is to pave the road towards 5G by developing scalable and efficient DPD techniques applicable to 5G. This is achieved through approaching the three key aspects of 5G DPD and developing novel solutions for each: DPD model complexity reduction, MIMO DPD and multi-band DPD. Using mathematical knowledge, optimization techniques and signal processing methods, techniques for DPD complexity reduction, a scalable MIMO DPD that takes strong leakage between the different branches of MIMO transmitter into account, and a cost-effective technique for the mitigation of intermodulation distortion in multi-band systems are developed, and extensive measurements are performed to validate the theory for each of the various contributions. As a result, this work expands the horizon of knowledge in the three key areas of DPD research, and bringing the implementation of 5G RF one step closer to reality.
Barleria nyasensis C.B.Clarke 1900
Creators: name: Champluvier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Barleria
Barleria nyasensis

description: Barleria nyasensis C.B. Clarke (Clarke 1900) – Type: Mozambique, Mountains E of Lake Nyassa, Apr. 1884, Johnson s.n., fl (holo-: K). Other collections examined – Tanzania: 4 km up track to Matamba into Porotos, S of Chimala, alt. 1850 m, Jun. 1990, Carter, Abdallah & Newton 2586, fl (K); Ndumbi Gorge, Chimala–Matamba road, alt. 1700 m, May 1986, Congdon 83, fl (K); Ikuwo Escarpment on Ndumbe-Ikuwo road near Chimala, alt. 1250 m, May 1991, Congdon 311, fl (K); Ussanga, Kinga Berge, alt. 1500 m, 1899, Goetze 1015, fl (BR); Igawa, alt. 1000 m, Sep. 1932, Gulinger 2113, fl (K); Ishinga East Escarpment by falls, alt. 2300 m, Sep. 1979, Leedal 5567 (K); Makete hills above Ndumbi Valley, alt. 1400 m, Apr. 1988, Lovett 3246, fl (K); Kimani waterfall, Makete distr., alt. 1500 m, Jun. 1990, Lovett & Kayombo 4726, fl (K); Nyengenge Falls, Kimani river, alt. 1500 m, Jun. 1991, Lovett & Kayombo 463, fl (K, BR); Ufipa district Escarpment, Kasanga road, alt. 900 m, Jun. 1957, Richards 10132, fl, fr (K, BR). Habitat – Rocky or stony soils, in woodlands, serpentine outcrops, Uapaca dry scrubs or fringing woodlands by falls, alt. 900–1850(–2300) m.
description: Published as part of Dominique Champluvier, 2011, New and overlooked Acanthaceae taxa from D. R. Congo, Rwanda and Burundi: (1) the genus Barleria, pp. 82-95 in Plant Ecology and Evolution 144 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2011.388, http://zenodo.org/record/1486150
description: {"references": ["Clarke C. B. (1900) Acanthaceae. Flora of Tropical Africa 5: 1 - 262."]}
The United States-Japan Relationship in the Rapidly Changing World Environment
Creators: name: Umene, Eiji
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: International relations
Economics

description: Before going back to Japan for good last August, I worked in New York for six years as the president of Nippon Steel U.S.A, Inc. and made many good friends -- American as well as Japanese. Before my departure I met several of my American friends to say goodbye to them. I told them that when I go back to Japan, I would assume the position of President Director General of the Japan-U.S. Business Council, which functions as the secretariat of the U.S.-Japan Businessmen's Conference. All of my friends, without exception, shook their heads and told me that they wanted to congratulate me on my new assignment but considering the gravity of the attitude towards Japan prevailing in Washington at the moment -- that was last July -- they all said, "I pity you, Eiji, in your new job." Then they added two more words, "Good luck." I now see signs of a further deterioration of our bilateral relationship, which is indeed very alarming.
Bio-Refinery of Wastewater in Presence of Carbon Dioxide Utilizing Microalgae
Creators: name: Hosseini Yazdi, Seyed Mohammad Sadegh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Wastewater
subject: Chlorella Vulgaris
subject: Biodiesel
subject: Biofuel
subject: Carbon Dioxide
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: In this research, three sets of experiments were conducted to assess the ability of Chlorella Vulgaris (Chlorella V.) to grow in different physical conditions such as light intensity, pH, temperature and mixing by measuring oxygen evolution. Chlorella V. thrives if the medium (Bold’s Basal Media) has a pH range of 7-8, temperature range of 25-30 ͦ C, light intensity of 4755 LUX, and 5% CO2 is introduced into the culture. Chlorella V. has illustrated the same growth rate in both sterile and non-sterile wastewater media under optimal physical conditions. It demonstrated uptake of 100% of dissolved nitrogen compounds and almost 30% of dissolved phosphorus compounds presented in the medium. This ability nominates Chlorella V. for potential tertiary treatment of wastewater. Finally, the ability of this specie for CO2 uptake was determined. Chlorella V. could sequester 20% CO2 in the total gas volume of the photobioreactor headspace in optimal physical conditions. The CO2 fixation rate was higher in the middle of the exponential growth phase compared to other growth phases.
Importance of grain boundary Josephson junctions in the electron-doped infinite-layer cuprate superconductor Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$CuO$_2$
Creators: name: Tomaschko, Jochen
name: Leca, Victor
name: Selistrovski, Teresa
name: Kleiner, Reinhold
name: Koelle, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grain boundary bicrystal Josephson junctions of the electron-doped infinite-layer superconductor Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$CuO$_2$ ($x = 0.15$) were grown by pulsed laser deposition. BaTiO$_3$-buffered $24\,^\circ$ [001]-tilt symmetric SrTiO$_3$ bicrystals were used as substrates. We examined both Cooper pair (CP) and quasiparticle (QP) tunneling by electric transport measurements at temperatures down to 4.2\,K. CP tunneling revealed an extraordinary high critical current density for electron-doped cuprates of $j_c > 10^3\,$A/cm$^2$ at 4.2\,K. Thermally activated phase slippage was observed as dissipative mechanism close to the transition temperature. Out-of-plane magnetic fields $H$ revealed a remarkably regular Fraunhofer-like $j_c(H)$ pattern as well as Fiske and flux flow resonances, both yielding a Swihart velocity of $3.1\cdot10^6\,$m/s. Furthermore, we examined the superconducting gap by means of QP tunneling spectroscopy. The gap was found to be V-shaped with an extrapolated zero temperature energy gap $Δ_0 \approx 2.4\,$meV. No zero bias conductance peak was observed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
A Conformal Mapping Based Fractional Order Approach for Sub-optimal Tuning of PID Controllers with Guaranteed Dominant Pole Placement
Creators: name: Saha, Suman
name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Das, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel conformal mapping based Fractional Order (FO) methodology is developed in this paper for tuning existing classical (Integer Order) Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers especially for sluggish and oscillatory second order systems. The conventional pole placement tuning via Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method is extended for open loop oscillatory systems as well. The locations of the open loop zeros of a fractional order PID (FOPID or PIλDμ) controller have been approximated in this paper vis-à-vis a LQR tuned conventional integer order PID controller, to achieve equivalent integer order PID control system. This approach eases the implementation of analog/digital realization of a FOPID controller with its integer order counterpart along with the advantages of fractional order controller preserved. It is shown here in the paper that decrease in the integro-differential operators of the FOPID/PIλDμ controller pushes the open loop zeros of the equivalent PID controller towards greater damping regions which gives a trajectory of the controller zeros and dominant closed loop poles. This trajectory is termed as "M-curve". This phenomena is used to design a two-stage tuning algorithm which reduces the existing PID controller's effort in a significant manner compared to that with a single stage LQR based pole placement method at a desired closed loop damping and frequency.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, in press; Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulations, 2012
CINEMA: Columbia InterNet Extensible Multimedia Architecture
Creators: name: Singh, Kundan
name: Jiang, Wenyu
name: Narayanan, Sankaran
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
name: Lennox, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: We describe the architecture and implementation of our Internet telephony system (CINEMA: Columbia InterNet Extensible Multimedia Architecture) intended to replace the departmental PBX (telephone switch). It interworks with the traditional telephone networks via a PSTN/IP gateway. It also serves as a corporate or campus infrastructure for existing and future services like web, email, video and streaming media. Initially intended for a few users, it will eventually replace the plain old telephones from our offices, due to the cost benefit and new services it offers. We also discuss common inter-operability problems between the PBX and the gateway. This paper is intended as a design document of the overall system.
Crystallographic refinement of collective excitations using standing wave inelastic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Gan, Yu
name: Kogar, Anshul
name: Abbamonte, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for realizing true, real-space imaging of charge dynamics in a periodic system, with angstrom spatial resolution and attosecond time resolution. In this method, inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) is carried out with a coherent, standing wave source, which provides the off-diagonal elements of the generalized dynamic structure factor, S(q_1,q_2,ω), allowing complete reconstruction of the inhomogeneous response function of the system, χ(x_1,x_2,t). The quantity χhas the physical meaning of a propagator for charge, so allows one to observe - in real time - the disturbance in the electron density created by a point source placed at a specified location, x_1 (on an atom vs. between atoms, for example). This method may be thought of as a generalization of x-ray crystallography that allows refinement of the excited states of a periodic system, rather than just its ground state.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Chemical Physics
Barleria (sect. Barleria)
Creators: name: Champluvier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Barleria

description:  2. A vicariant pair in sect. Barleria – B. molensis Wild, endemic of the southern serpentines of the Great South Dyke in Zimbabwe, is closely allied and very similar to the novelty B. glutinosa; it can be considered as a vicariant species (fig. 4). There are twenty endemic species of the serpentines of the Great Dyke; Wild (1965) explains that these endemics could have arosen by depletion of “various metal non-tolerant biotypes which formerly allowed the species to exploit a greater variety of habitats”, species of which only serpentine-tolerant biotypes would have survived on the deposits of the Great Dyke. Following Balkwill & Balkwill (1997), B. molensis belongs to sect. Barleria; the closely related B. glutinosa can therefore be considered as a member of that section, as it has spiny bracteoles, solitary flowers, a corolla with 2 + 3 configuration, two fertile stamens and three staminodes. B. aromatica, from Zimbabwe, superficially resembles B. glutinosa, but the plant is not at all glandulous, the leaves are 2 × 0.6 cm, the flowers are rather smaller, with the outer calyx lobe 13 × 6 mm, the corolla tube 2.5 cm long, the upper lobes 1.5 × 0.8 cm, the lower one 1.5 × 1.1 cm and the lateral ones 1.5 × 1 cm.
description: Published as part of Dominique Champluvier, 2011, New and overlooked Acanthaceae taxa from D. R. Congo, Rwanda and Burundi: (1) the genus Barleria, pp. 82-95 in Plant Ecology and Evolution 144 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2011.388, http://zenodo.org/record/1486150
description: {"references": ["Wild. H. (1965) The flora of the Great Dyke of Southern Rhodesia with special reference to the serpentine soils. Kirkia 5: 49 - 86.", "Balkwill M. - J., Balkwill K. (1997) Delimitation and infrageneric classification of Barleria (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 52: 535 - 573. [available at http: // www. jstor. org / pss / 4110286]"]}
The effect of governance structures on airport efficiency performance – the North American case
Creators: name: Zhao, Qi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Over the last two decades, there have been widespread moves to corporatize, privatize, and deregulate airports around the world. These changes have created a great diversity of airport ownership and governance structures. Against this backdrop, this paper applies a stochastic cost frontier model to examine how the two dominant governance forms of publically owned airports in North America, namely operation and governance by a government branch and by an airport authority, affect airport efficiency performance. The data for this study is taken over the 2002-2008 period from 54 airports in Canada and the US and provided for this thesis in confidence by the ATRS Global Airport Performance Benchmarking Project. This study sets out to prove that these two types of governance structures can have significant effects on the efficiency performance of airports in North America, with the results showing that (1) the airports operated by an airport authority achieve higher cost efficiency than those operated by a government branch; and (2) the airports operated by a government branch tend to have lower labour share than those operated by an airport authority. Moreover, by separating Canadian and US airport authorities, our study also attempts to determine whether Canadian and US airport authorities differ in their impact on airport (cost) efficiency performance and hence should be considered as different types of airport governance. However, our regression models have not discerned there is any statistically significant difference as to the efficiency performance between airports operated by US and Canadian airport authorities. It seems therefore that US and Canadian airport authorities are similar in nature and should not be considered as different types of airport governance.
Single image summary of time-varying Earth-features
Creators: name: Tripathi, Gaurav
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Computer Science

description: The Earth's surface is live and dynamic due to natural and human-made events. Tracking and visualizing Earth-features (e.g., water, snow, and vegetation) is a significant problem. In this thesis, we explore a single image summary approach to detecting changes in Earth-features. Earth observation satellite imagery like Landsat 8 makes the tracking feasible by providing detailed multispectral imagery at regular intervals. Each Landsat scene for a region consists of 11 bands where each band belongs to a fixed range of wavelength and is useful in different remote sensing disciplines. Landsat 8 dataset offers the ability to identify more than what can be observed through the naked eye (using conventional RGB images). In our method, we use spectral indices prepared by combinations of two or more bands, to identify features. Appropriate thresholds for spectral indices help in feature identification. Next, we reference datasets and combine multiple images to generate recurrence-maps (represents the recurrence of a particular feature in the region of interest). Application of predefined color scales to recurrence-maps creates a single image summary of features for a region. We illustrate the benefit of our method with case-studies for the Lake Urmia, the Amazon Rainforest, the Bering Glacier, and the California Rocky Fire. These case studies decipher change-trends such as droughts, deforestation, glacial melting, and burn-area recovery.
Holographic phase diagram of quark-gluon plasma formed in heavy-ions collisions
Creators: name: Aref'eva, I. Ya.
name: Bagrov, A. A.
name: Pozdeeva, E. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of quark gluon plasma (QGP) formed at a very early stage just after the heavy ion collision is obtained by using a holographic dual model for the heavy ion collision. In this dual model colliding ions are described by the charged shock gravitational waves. Points on the phase diagram correspond to the QGP or hadronic matter with given temperatures and chemical potentials. The phase of QGP in dual terms is related to the case when the collision of shock waves leads to formation of trapped surface. Hadronic matter and other confined states correspond to the absence of trapped surface after collision. Multiplicity of the ion collision process is estimated in the dual language as area of the trapped surface. We show that a non-zero chemical potential reduces the multiplicity. To plot the phase diagram we use two different dual models of colliding ions, the point and the wall shock waves, and find qualitative agreement of the results.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures, typos corrected
Designing for the prostate cancer population: an integrated exercise and social support system
Creators: name: Gingera, Randy
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 149-153
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Research has shown that exercise is beneficial in improving quality of life for cancer populations. Exercise equipment specifically designed for prostate cancer patients was identified as an area that should be investigated. Various research strategies including literature reviews, a market precedent search, key informant interviews, and user-centered design research were utilized to pinpoint the needs of prostate cancer patients. The literature review showed that although exercise is an effective therapeutic intervention, participants involved in clinical exercise trials also create relationships that develop into dynamic social support mechanisms. A market precedent search and key informant interviews with health professionals revealed the existence of many effective exercise equipment designs suitable for the prostate cancer patient. Additionally, despite the benefits of exercise, information regarding its importance does not always reach the prostate cancer patient. Health professionals also stated that the concept of active living is an effective strategy for incorporating exercise into cancer patients' daily regimens. User-centered design research consisting of a focus group interview, an empathy probe and participant observation was compared against the preliminary research methods to establish consistency. The outcome was that exercise activities are supported by the social structure of clinical exercise trials. The social interaction facilitates participant camaraderie, resulting in patterns of information flow and motivation. In addition, the structure of clinical trials provided the social support necessary to engage in physical activity. As a result, prostate cancer patients made improvements in their physical condition and were able to gauge levels of physical improvement during the clinical trials. The research drove the design objective and changed it from the design of a physical exercise device to the design of an interconnected system consisting of a pedometer and a website. Specifically, the pedometer provides the ability to track patterns of active living and is a programmable key that allows access to customized website content. The pedometer facilitates access to the website where users can share experience through social connections. A system designed to incorporate exercise and a social support component creates a synergy that opens avenues of communication. The resulting benefits include improved information flow, motivation and social support opportunities with the potential to enhance prostate cancer patient quality of life.
Identified-particle production and spectra with the ALICE detector in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Preghenella, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to its unique capabilities the ALICE experiment can measure the production of identified particles and resonances over a wide momentum range both in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. In this report, particle-identification detectors and techniques, as well as achieved performance, are shortly reviewed. The current results on hadron transverse momentum spectra measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 0.9 TeV and 7 TeV, and in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV are shown. In particular, proton-proton results on particle production yields, spectral shapes and particle ratios are presented as a function of the collision energy and compared to previous experiments and commonly-used Monte Carlo models. Particle spectra, yields and ratios in Pb-Pb are measured as a function of the collision centrality and the results are compared with published RHIC data in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 0.2 TeV and predictions for the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, Presented at Strangeness in Quark Matter, 18-24 September 2011, Crakow, Poland
Information-based complexity and information-based optimization
Creators: name: Traub, Joseph F.
name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science

description: This is an article that will appear in the Encyclopedia of Optimization (Kluwer, 2000). It concerns optimization in two senses. The first is that information-based complexity (IBC) is the study of the minimal computational resources to solve continuous mathematical problems. The second is that the computational complexity of optimization problems is one of the areas studied in IBC. We discuss IBC and information-based optimization in turn.
Associated hyperon-kaon production via neutrino-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Adera, G. B.
name: Van der Ventel, B. I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the investigation of the neutrino-induced strangeness associated production on nuclei in the relativistic plane wave impulse approximation (RPWIA) framework at the intermediate neutrino energies. In this study, the elementary hadronic weak amplitudes are embedded inside the nuclear medium for the description of the exclusive channels of neutrino-nucleus interactions. These amplitudes are extracted using a model-dependent evaluation of the hadronic vertex using the Born term approximation in which the application of the Cabibbo V-A theory and SU(3) symmetry are assumed to be valid. The nuclear effects are included via the bound state wavefunctions of the nucleon obtained from the relativistic mean field (RMF) models. Two kinematics settings are used to examine various distributions of the differential cross section in the rest frame of the target nuclei. The numerical results are obtained for the neutrino-induced charged-current (CC) \,$\rm K^{^+}Λ$-production on bound neutrons in $1s^{1/2}$ and $1p^{3/2}$ orbitals of $^{12}$C. The angular distributions are forward peaked under both kinematic settings, whereas under the quasifree setting the cross sections tend mimic the missing momentum distribution of the bound nucleon inside the nucleus.
description: This article is submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics E (nuclear physics) and accepted on 31 October 20ll
The Labor Market and Corporate Structure
Creators: name: Newman, Andrew F.
name: Acemoglu, Daron
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Labor economics

description: We analyze the impact of labor demand and labor market regulations on the corporate structure if firms. We find that higher wages are associated with lower monitoring, irrespective of whether these high wages are caused by labor market regulations, unions or higher labor demands. These comparative static results are in line with the broad trends in the data. We also find that the organization of firms has important macroeconomic implications. In particular, monitoring is a type of rent-seeking activity and the decentralized equilibrium spends excessive resources on monitoring. Labor market regulations that reduce monitoring by pushing wages up may increase net output or reduce it only by a small amount even thought they reduce employment.
Inward FDI in Hungary and its policy context
Creators: name: Sass, Magdolna
name: Kalotay, Kalman
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: In the 1990s, Hungary used to be a front-runner among Central and Eastern European countries in terms of attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). At that time, it attracted FDI both through the privatization of state-owned enterprises to foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs), and through Greenfield investment by foreign MNEs in export-oriented manufacturing (especially automotive and electronics). Almost two decades later, the economy is still a major host of FDI, with inflows of US$ 4.7 billion in 2011, although it has lost its privileged status within the region. Its policy approach to inward FDI (IFDI), too, has undergone changes over the past two decades: from being a country that was the first in Central and Eastern Europe to open its economy fully to FDI and offer incentives for it, it has moved to being one with more selective policies. The Government still successfully encourages FDI in export-oriented production (particularly automotive); however, in utilities, banking and retail, it has recently imposed windfall taxes, which mostly affect foreign players, indicating a less favorable stance toward them. This change in policy is in partly a result of the recent global financial and economic crisis, which has hit the country hard.
Russia's Market Transition: Who Has Lost and How?
Creators: name: Desai, Padma B.
name: Idson, Todd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: In this paper, we analyze a variety of labor market adjustment issues facing Russian households from 1992 to 1996 on the basis of a panel data set which allows us to group the sample respondents by demographic, occupational and job location features. We employ multivariate specifications for analyzing patterns of job security and job replacement concerns, involuntary layoffs and voluntary quits, forced unpaid leave and its duration, monthly hours of work and short-time, no employment spell and unemployment incidence as they affected our respondents selected by demographic characteristics, occupation, and region. Among our principal finding is that men and women had increased fears of job loss and increased pessimism about their reemployment prospects during the years considered here but women had borne a greater burden of the majority of the "quantity" or employment adjustments.
Interaction of Josephson and magnetic oscillations in Josephson tunnel junctions with a ferromagnetic layer
Creators: name: Mai, S.
name: Kandelaki, E.
name: Volkov, A. F.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of Josephson junctions with a thin ferromagnetic layer F [superconductor-ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet-superconductor (SFIFS) junctions]. In such junctions, the phase difference $ϕ$ of the superconductors and magnetization $M$ in the F layer are two dynamic parameters coupled to each other. We derive equations describing the dynamics of these two parameters and formulate the conditions of validity. The coupled Josephson plasma waves and oscillations of the magnetization $M$ affect the form of the current-voltage ($I$-$V$) characteristics in the presence of a weak magnetic field (Fiske steps). We calculate the modified Fiske steps and show that the magnetic degree of freedom not only changes the form of the Fiske steps but also the overall view of the $I$-$V$ curve (new peaks related to the magnetic resonance appear). The $I$-$V$ characteristics are shown for different lengths of the junction including those which correspond to the current experimental situation. We also calculate the power $P$ absorbed in the system if a microwave radiation with an ac in-plane magnetic field is applied (magnetic resonance). The derived formula for the power $P$ essentially differs from the one which describes the power absorption in an isolated ferromagnetic film. In particular, this formula describes the peaks related to the excitation of standing plasma waves as well as the peak associated with the magnetic resonance.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Solid substrate motility and phototaxis of the alpha-proteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus
Creators: name: Shelswell, Kristopher John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The work in this thesis reports the first discovery of flagellum-independent motility in Rhodobacter capsulatus, a purple photosynthetic bacterium. Furthermore, while aqueous swimming motility using a flagellum had been documented, the occurrence of movement over solid and semi-solid substrates had not been reported in R. capsulatus. This motility was found to be affected by the physical and chemical composition of the translocation surface. While motility was reduced under anaerobic (dark) conditions, it did not require oxygen. Cells appeared to respond to multiple stimuli, and were able to move both as coordinated masses and individual cells. Coordinated movements did not require any of the known cell-to-cell communication mechanisms. Movements were influenced by light such that cells usually moved toward a light source over a broad region of the visible spectrum, and this movement appeared to be a genuine phototaxis. A direct linkage between photoresponsive movement and photosynthesis was ruled out, because the photosynthetic reaction center was not required for movement toward white light. Photoresponsive movement occurred independently of the photoactive yellow protein, but appeared to require the bacteriochlorophyll and/or carotenoid pigments. Motility was mediated by flagellum-dependent and flagellum-independent contributions. Flagellum-dependent contributions were responsible for dispersive semi-random movements while flagellum-independent contributions resulted in linear, directed movements. Analysis of several strains indicated that flagellum-independent motility is widespread throughout R. capsulatus. This motility appears to be mediated by a gliding mechanism, perhaps involving the deposition of exopolysaccharide to achieve coordinated cell taxis.
The Transition of the Practitioner to the Instructor: Exploring the Possibility of Transformative Learning of Former Police Officers Who Have Become College Justice Studies Instructors
Creators: name: Urasaki, Jim Masaya
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Police Education
subject: College Instructors
subject: Transformative Learning
subject: Education--Adult and Continuing
subject: Education--Community College
subject: Education--Higher
subject: Education--Teacher Training
subject: Education--Vocational

description: In this qualitative case study, I explored the learning experiences of individuals who have moved from a career in policing to a career in the post-secondary sector. Transformative learning theory as described by Mezirow (1978, 1981, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003) is a useful paradigm to explore the experience of individuals going through this period of transition, especially when Illeris’ (2009, 2014a, 2014b, 2014c) focus on socially contextualized identity construction is added into the framework. In relation to my findings, I discuss insights into the development of new perspectives and roles that characterize the transformative process experienced by individuals who left their policing jobs to become justice studies instructors. In interviews with 12 participants and a brief review of curricular documents, I found that transformative learning can result in a change in identity while allowing for the maintenance of core identity. After presenting these findings, I close with a discussion of implications of this inquiry for professional programs and instructors in them in the college sector, as well as contributions to the continued development of the transformative learning framework.