Adelopsis diabolica Gomyde & Gnaspini 2019, new species
Creators: name: Gomyde, Eduardo C.
name: Gnaspini, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Leiodidae
Adelopsis
Adelopsis diabolica

description: Adelopsis diabolica, new species
(Figs. 1–5)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0BA7B67B-C08D-4657-A6BD-A268E49A29D5
Holotype, male (MZSP). Type locality and data: Brazil: SP [São Paulo State]: Salesópolis; E. B. [Estação Biológica de] Boracéia; 12–17.vi.1997; B.H. Dietz and C.I. Yamamoto col.; code ‘MW09a’. Paratypes, same data (exceptions stated between parentheses): 1 male (code ‘ MW 10 a’), 1 male (code ‘ MW 18 a’), 1 male (code ‘ MW 20 a’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 2 a’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 03 estufa’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 7 b’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 8 a’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 9 a’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 9 b’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 11 b’), 1 female (code ‘ MW 13 a’), 2 females (code ‘ MW 21 a’), 1 female (code ‘GW 18a, grand Wrinkler’).
Length (holotype): 1.8 mm; width: 1.0 mm.
Diagnosis and Description. General characteristics as listed above. Body ovoid, convex (Figs. 1a, b). Color dark redish brown. Winged. Head as high as long in lateral view (Fig. 1e); integument punctuated, punctures not organized in strigae (Fig. 1f). Eyes slightly reduced (Figs. 1e, g)—proportion between length of eye and distance between base of antenna and rear margin of head = 0.7; proportion between height of eye and height of head at rear margin = 0.6. Antenna (Figs. 1h, i) 1.45 times as long as pronotum; proportions of length of each segment and that of the 9th from 1st to 11th: 1.5, 1.25, 1.1, 0.65, 0.85, 0.75, 1.05, 0.6, 1.0, 1.1, 1.25; proportions of length and width of each antennomere from 1st to 11th: 1.8, 2.3, 2.1, 1.25, 1.25, 1.0, 1.25, 0.7, 0.95, 1.1, 1.25; antenna flatenned (Figs. 1 j–l)—dorsoventral/lateral ratio = 0.50. Last article of palp as long as penultimate (Fig. 1d). Antenna with first two antennomeres and tip of apical antennomere color paler than others (Fig. 1h). Pronotum transverse; integument with transverse strigae (Figs. 1a, b). Elytra together twice as long as wide (Fig. 1a), with transverse, slightly diagonal, strigae (Fig. 1c). Third male ventrite with a pair of projections, with a medial emargination; fourth male ventrite deeply emarginate medially (Figs. 1m, n). First four male protarsomeres expanded (Fig. 2a), with discoidal tenent setae ventrally (Fig. 2b, c). First segment of male protarsus 0.75 times as wide as the maximum width of tibia; proportions of length and width of each segment, from 1st to 5th: 1.15, 1.3, 1.1, 1.15, 5.4. Male mesotibia with a sharp medial curve internally (Fig. 2d). Male metatibia straight (Fig. 2e); ventral surface of metatarsomeres bearing ‘special setae’ (in both sexes) (Fig. 2h, ellipses). Tarsi of all legs (in both sexes) bearing a pair of empodial setae with asymmetric length (Fig. 2f, ‘est’), with the shorter empodial setae about 25% as long as the longer one; the distal margin of the terminal tarsomere with a pair of medial projections (hidden behind ‘est’ in Fig. 2f); claws with small dorsal spines close to their base (Fig. 2f, ‘sdc’) and with a few long and acuminate spines at their dorsolateral margin (Fig. 2g, ‘slc’); apex of tarsomeres armed with strong spines, lateral-ventrally (e.g., Fig. 2h, arrows), except for the last tarsomere. Male genital segment with spiculum gastrale (Fig. 3a) divided at apex, with long branches. Aedeagus (Figs. 3 b–j, 4 [a rotational view of the aedeagus, around its ‘longitudinal’ axis]) with an ample dorsal opening (Figs. 3b, d, ellipse); surface covered with ‘sensorial pores’ (Fig. 3c); ligula subrectangular, apparently fused to the body of the aedeagus (Fig. 4). Both right and left lobes of aedeagus (‘rla’ and ‘lla’, respectively) present, and both bearing six ‘apical’ setae (Figs. 3 e–g); left lobe thin and elongate (Figs. 3e, f, ‘lla’); right lobe with short arm (Fig. 3e, ‘arm’) and apex subrectangular, with the apical margin emarginate and bearing a pair of projections (‘horns’) laterally (Figs. 3 e–g, ‘hrn’), the base of each projection with a pair of strong conic spines (Figs. 3f, g, ‘csp’); ventral face of the apical portion of the right lobe coated with bifid spines (Figs. 3g, h, ‘bsp’); internal knob present, subcylindrical and elongate, with a few ‘sensorial pores’ near apex (Figs. 3f, i, j, ‘ikn’). Flagellum thin, slightly sinuate, shorter (about 1/ 3 in length) than aedeagus, and bearing a ‘lid’ at the apex (Fig. 3i, ‘fla’). Parameres present, flat and thin, fused to the body of the aedegus except for their apical portion, which bears a pair of setae (Figs. 3e, f). Proportion aedeagus/elytron = 0.39, considerably large in comparison with other species in the genus.
Female. Antenna (Fig. 5a) shorter than in males, 1.15 times as long as pronotum. Protarsus seems slightly expanded laterally (Fig. 5 b—compare to Fig. 6, Adelopsis leo Gnaspini, 1993), in a smaller proportion when compared to males (as in Fig. 2a); apex of penultimate protarsomere bearing a few spatulate and elongate setae ventrally (Fig. 5c, ellipse), not present among males. Mesotibia curved (Fig. 5d). Spermatheca coiled with 2-turns (Fig. 5e).
Etymology. The name is given in reference to the presence of two projections (‘horns’) at the apex of the aedeagus, considering that “horns” are reminiscences of images of the devil (“diabolus” from Latin).
Distribution. Brazil: São Paulo State: known only from type locality.
Taxonomic Remarks. The aedeagus, with the apical projections, is unique and diagnostic for the species. The somewhat expanded female protarsus seems also to be unique in the genus, and is a very rare feature in the family as a whole (see Gnaspini et al., 2017).
Actually, in addition to the material here assigned to A. diabolica, the material examined included two additional females (of an unidentified different species) with same data (except for codes ‘GW 18a, grand Wrinkler’, and ‘MW18a’), with a slender protarsus and a spermatheca with 5-turns. We used three features to relate females to males and assign them as paratypes of A. diabolica: the shorter of the asymmetric empodial setae of the tarsi is about 25% as long as the longer empodial seta (whereas it is about 40% as long as the longer empodial seta in the two additional females cited above); the presence of strong spines on the apical margin of the first three metatarsomeres and ‘special setae’ on the metatarsus (not observed on those two additional females); and the distribution and size of apical spines on the tarsomeres. We were not able to relate those additional females to any species of Adelopsis, because this spermathecal pattern has not been so far recorded.
Adelopsis diabolica sp. n. is assigned to benardi species group based on the presence of a left lobe and an ample dorsal opening in the aedeagus, and a male genital segment bearing a spiculum gastrale divided at apex, with long branches, although the tip of the aedeagus is not typical of that group.
description: Published as part of Gomyde, Eduardo C. & Gnaspini, Pedro, 2019, Adelopsis diabolica, a new species of Ptomaphagini (Coleoptera: Leiodidae Cholevinae) from São Paulo State, Brazil, pp. 175-182 in Zootaxa 4658 (1) on pages 176-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4658.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3373208