cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Prism tableau model for Schubert polynomials
Creators: name: Weigandt, Anna
name: Yong, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Schubert polynomials lift the Schur basis of symmetric polynomials into a basis for Z[x1,x2,...]. We suggest the "prism tableau model" for these polynomials. A novel aspect of this alternative to earlier results is that it directly invokes semistandard tableaux; it does so as part of a colored tableau amalgam. In the Grassmannian case, a prism tableau with colors ignored is a semistandard Young tableau. Our arguments are developed from the Groebner geometry of matrix Schubert varieties.
description: 23 pages
The Role of User Generated Big Data in Urban Development and City Management
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Big data
urban development
urban informatics
user generated data

description: Cities are facing great challenges and incremental increases in population size, transportation demands, and infrastructure, thus there is a need to deal with the city in a more intelligent way and use futuristic prediction tools in order to enhance the quality of life. Nowadays, there are increasing amounts of data sources, which are responsible for reshaping cities. This new enthusiasm for technology, algorithms, and applications can provide a better understanding of cities. It also enables stakeholders to have predictive statistics to help in the decisionmaking process. Data is never a new thing, but data sources are always changing. The internet made everything easier and reachable using a wide range of technologies such as IOT (Internet of Things) and M2M (Machine to Machine) etc. All of this offers a new potential to deliver an analytical framework for urban optimization. According to the technologically mutated data sources, currently, data comes from weather channels, street security cameras, Facebook, Twitter, sensor networks, in-car devices, location-based smartphone applications, RFID tags, and smart meters, to mention a few (Hinssen, 2012). This massive amount of data, which comes from real-time-based tools, has put the world in a new era called the era of ‘Big Data’. Accordingly, smarter approaches for urban development are highly needed to manage this enormous amount of data that exists in a sustainable way. A knowledge-based approach will enable cities to cut costs, save energy, improve their services, optimize their infrastructure, enhance the quality of life of their citizens, reduce their environmental footprints, fuel innovation and drive sustainable economic growth. This dissertation is concerned with the newly emerged technologies in the urban informatics domain and will review developed systems worldwide, comparing and analyzing them. It will examine the cities' experiences in an attempt to learn and extract guidance from their experiences in order to enhance and engage technology in the urban development process in Egypt, Alexandria City. This will be achieved through developing a city dashboard for Alexandria, Egypt. It will be designed to monitor traffic using mobile signals and will also review all the hashtags that are related to Alexandria from the most famous social network platforms (Twitter, Facebook). The dashboard will involve the user-generated data as part of the decision-making process and provide close insights into citizens’ status among other diverse data sources that are essential not only for city decision-makers but also for individual citizens as well.
description: The research received a fund from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) under a program called "short-term research grant"
title: Synthesis of DNA-encoded screening libraries
title: Synthese von DNA-kodierten Screening Substanzbibliotheken
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kamdem, Olivia
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: DEL
subject: DNA
subject: TIDEC
subject: tiDEL
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: The discovery of small organic molecules capable of binding to specific biological targets represents a decisive step towards the development of novel therapies for the treatment of human diseases. However, identifying such small bioactive molecules is often a complex process involving numerous challenges, including low-affinity binding to target proteins. This necessitates the development of effective and powerful strategies to generate large sets of chemical compound libraries and novel screening methodologies to identify binding molecules. High throughput screening (HTS) has proven to be a powerful tool in facilitating the screening of large compound collections against disease-related protein targets. However, HTS has many requirements that must be fulfilled, including: miniaturized and compatible assay formats, an infrastructure with a high degree of automatization, large-scale data analysis, and trained staff. Owing to these significant technical and financial requirements, new technologies to facilitate ligand discovery that can be implemented in the academic sphere are highly desirable. In this regard, technologies based on DNA encoded chemical libraries (DELs) offer a considerable advantage over conventional HTS technologies as they are rapid, cost-effective, and employ user-friendly screening logistics. Two points in particular make the screening of DNA-encoded libraries attractive. Firstly, large numbers of compounds can be pooled and screened, so that a dedicated infrastructure for handling of compound libraries is unnecessary. Moreover, only one assay format is required for all protein targets facilitating assay development. Hits emerging from the selection assay must be validated in additional assays and may serve as lead compounds for further development towards probes or even therapeutic agents.
A Mixed-Methods Investigation of a Rape Crisis Line Volunteer Counselling Program
Creators: name: Louw, Alyssa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Crisis Line Training
Evaluation
Feminist Counselling
Violence Against Women

description: Rape crisis counsellors play a central role in frontline service delivery to sexual violence (SV) survivors, yet their training has received scarce research attention. To fill this gap, this dissertation presents three studies that sequentially examine a volunteer-based rape crisis line (CL) training program. The first study is an evaluability assessment (EA) that assesses the readiness of a community CL training program for research; the second study quantitatively examines the outcomes of the CL training program; and the third study qualitatively investigates the rape crisis counsellors’ training and practice experiences. Data was gathered from a local Rape Crisis Centre (RCC), and a total of 52 women participated in the research. Two-way mixed factorial ANOVAs were used to analyze the quantitative data, and a general inductive approach (Thomas, 2006), informed by a feminist, empowerment perspective (Nagy Hesse-Biber & Yaiser, 2004) was used to analyze the qualitative data. The EA demonstrated that the CL training program was primarily intended to develop volunteers’ basic counselling skills, suicide intervention skills, and feminist attitudes and beliefs. Based on analyses of the EA data, the program was determined to be evaluable. The second study indicated that following the training, the volunteers’ counselling self-efficacy improved, whereas their suicide intervention skills did not change. Volunteers had strong pre-existing feminist attitudes and beliefs that also did not change. The third study revealed several themes that elucidated the program’s processes and outcomes, such as the volunteers’ perception that after the training they gained basic counselling skills, and an increased knowledge of feminism, yet felt unprepared to respond to suicidal callers. Due to their routine interactions with SV survivors and systems, the volunteers also began to perceive SV as a widespread, systemic problem. A thematic analysis of results across studies, and implications of the findings on anti- violence practice and policy are discussed.
Thinking prosody: the effects of production difficulty on prosody
Creators: name: Christodoulou, Alexandros
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In everyday conversations speakers can experience production difficulty. New referents in the discourse tend to be more difficult to produce compared to old referents. Also, unfamiliar referents tend to be more difficult compared to familiar ones. Traditionally the effects of production difficulty have been studied through disfluencies. In this thesis I provide evidence that production difficulty can also lead to prosodic modulation. Moreover, I demonstrate that the prosodic modulation resulting from production difficulty is acoustically similar to acoustic prominence. I therefore explore the relationship between prosodic modulation due to production difficulty and acoustic prominence due to accenting.
On the low dimensional dynamics of structured random networks
Creators: name: Aljadeff, Johnatan
name: Renfrew, David
name: Vegué, Marina
name: Sharpee, Tatyana O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Using a generalized random recurrent neural network model, and by extending our recently developed mean-field approach [J. Aljadeff, M. Stern, T. Sharpee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 088101 (2015)], we study the relationship between the network connectivity structure and its low dimensional dynamics. Each connection in the network is a random number with mean 0 and variance that depends on pre- and post-synaptic neurons through a sufficiently smooth function $g$ of their identities. We find that these networks undergo a phase transition from a silent to a chaotic state at a critical point we derive as a function of $g$. Above the critical point, although unit activation levels are chaotic, their autocorrelation functions are restricted to a low dimensional subspace. This provides a direct link between the network's structure and some of its functional characteristics. We discuss example applications of the general results to neuroscience where we derive the support of the spectrum of connectivity matrices with heterogeneous and possibly correlated degree distributions, and to ecology where we study the stability of the cascade model for food web structure.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Characterizing and Facilitating Prospective Teachers’ Engagement with Student Thinking About Fractions
Creators: name: Baker, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Reform-based mathematics instruction emphasizes that mathematics is learned through reasoning and sense-making rather than strict memorization and is taught through facilitation rather than telling (NCTM, 1989, 1991, 1995, 2000). Teachers’ engagement with student thinking to inform instruction is central to such teaching. Engagement with student thinking involves eliciting and using evidence of student thinking in instruction (NCTM, 2014). This case study explored how three prospective teachers placed at 4th grade engaged with student thinking in mathematics and used this thinking to guide instruction during six weeks of their student teaching experiences. The prospective teachers were placed at the same school and same grade level and were supported through facilitated team meetings in a community of practice (Wenger, 1998) in which they were coached in the pedagogical and content needs of their instructional units that focused on fractions. The study addressed four questions: (1) How might a prospective teacher’s engagement with student thinking be characterized? (2) In what ways does context influence a prospective teacher’s engagement with student thinking? (3) In what ways does a community of practice structure facilitate prospective teachers’ engagement with student thinking in the area of fractions? (4) How does a prospective teacher’s engagement with student thinking influence student understanding of fractions in the 4th grade? Findings revealed that the prospective teachers aligned their beliefs and practices with reform-based mathematics teaching practices and engaged with student thinking. Although their community of practice was initially facilitated by a participant-researcher, the prospective teachers voluntarily adopted and extended the community structure outside of the researcher-scheduled meetings. The study highlights the importance of studying and supporting prospective teachers in the context of the student teaching experience in order to help transfer intentions for teaching learned during teacher preparation coursework into practice. The findings offer several contributions to the field, including a suggested model of support to encourage prospective teachers’ engagement with student thinking in mathematics and a proposed model for characterizing the nature of such engagement. The models may be used to assess and support prospective teachers in the use of reform-based mathematics practices that focus on student thinking.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of optical absorption anisotropy in $β$-Ga2O3
Creators: name: Ricci, Francesco
name: Boschi, Francesco
name: Baraldi, Andrea
name: Filippetti, Alessio
name: Higashiwaki, M.
name: Kuramata, A.
name: Fiorentini, Vincenzo
name: Fornari, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of optical bandgap anisotropy in the monoclinic semiconductor $β$-Ga2O3 was revisited by combining accurate optical absorption measurements with theoretical analysis, performed using different advanced computation methods. As expected, the bandgap edge of bulk $β$-Ga2O3 was found to be a function of light polarization and crystal orientation, with the lowest onset occurring at polarization in the ac crystal plane around 4.5-4.6 eV; polarization along b unambiguously shifts the onset up by 0.2 eV. The theoretical analysis clearly indicates that the shift of the b onset is due to a suppression of the transition matrix elements of the three top valence bands at $Γ$ point.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Effect of quantified irreducibility on the computability of subshift entropy
Creators: name: Gangloff, Silvère
name: de Menibus, Benjamin Hellouin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3
subject: 37B50, 37B40, 37B10, 68Q17

description: We study the difficulty of computing topological entropy of subshifts subjected to mixing restrictions. This problem is well-studied for multidimensional subshifts of finite type : there exists a threshold in the irreducibility rate where the difficulty jumps from computable to uncomputable, but its location is an open problem. In this paper, we establish the location of this threshold for a more general class, subshifts with decidable languages, in any dimension.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems. There was an error in the previous preprint version. This version presents a more involved construction
A Case Study in Participation of Students With Disabilities in an Inclusion Reform-Based Mathematics Classroom
Creators: name: Miller, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In recent years, The National Council for the Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) and Common Core State Standards of Mathematics (CCSS-M, 2011) have placed greater emphasis on students developing a deeper understanding of conceptual mathematics. However, research regarding educational supports for students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms that highlight conceptual mathematics learning is limited. The use of Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI), in which students explain and defend their strategies and solutions of novel word problems to others in a group setting, is one approach to foster this skill. This descriptive case study, consisting of qualitative and quantitative data, investigated the interactions of 3rd grade students receiving general education services (n=8), students referred for special education (n=5), and students receiving special education services (n=4) in the inclusive group setting over a six-week period. Data analyzed included video analysis of student participation and visual inspection of mathematical journal entries and teacher behaviors intended to support the learning of all students. Findings suggested that within in this context, students receiving special education services verbally participated with a similar frequency and duration as students in general education and referred for special education. Furthermore, data from student journals suggested that the three groups of students participated with similar frequency, but students without a disability scored higher, on average, in the areas of understanding, appropriate strategies, and communication than the other two groups.
Rebels, Resources and Repression
Creators: name: Estancona, Chelsea
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: International relations

description: This paper addresses the question of how natural resources affect rebel and state strategic behavior toward noncombatants at the municipal level. Extant research demonstrates the importance of natural resources for conflict onset, severity, and duration but an analysis of how rebel groups capitalize on resource wealth and how the state minimizes resulting rebel capacity remains lacking. I suggest that the labor needed for the state or rebels to profit from certain resources is the missing mechanism for understanding this interaction. I propose a 3-player sequential game between the state, rebels, and civilians to evaluate when rebels form economic relationships with civilians and when the state preempts this cooperation with indiscriminate violence. Initial conclusions from the model suggest that the state's provision of public goods and the value of the natural resource in question have important implications for when highly local state repression occurs in intrastate conflicts.
Corynascus sepedonium van den Brink & Samson
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Sordariales
Chaetomiaceae
Corynascus
Corynascus sepedonium

description: 1. Corynascus sepedonium (C.W. Emmons) van den Brink & Samson, in van den Brink, Samson, Hagen, Boekhout & de Vries, Fungal Diversity 52(1): 206 (2012)
(Plate 1, Figs. 1–4)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, scattered to gregarious, immersed, globose, dark gray to black at reflected light, dark brown at transmitted light, 80–110 μm diam., glabrous. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, formed by an inner layer of flattened, angulated (textura angularis), thin-walled, light brown cells, 5–7.5 μm diam., and by an outer layer of angulated to elongated, irregular (textura epidermoidea), thick-walled, light brown cells, up to 18 μm diam., adorned with a reticulated pattern. Asci 8-spored, globose, evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ellipsoid to fusoid, smooth, light brown to brown, 12.5–18 × 8.5–9.5 μm, with two terminal germ pores. Conidia globose, with a spinulose ornamentation, hyaline, 9.5–11 μm diam.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Serra Talhada, on goat dung, 03 Jan 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86691!).
 Habitat: —Soil and herbivore dung.
 Distribution: —Africa (Senegal) and Europe (Canary Islands). This is the first record of this species in Brazil.
 Notes:—This species is remarkable for its cleistothecia, which present a typical peridial pattern of ridged cells, and for the finely spinulose conidia. The material from Pernambuco, analyzed directly from the substrate, showed smaller ascospores and conidia size than the material described from culture.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Supplementary tables from Identifying the social context of single- and mixed-species group formation in large African herbivores
Creators: name: Saltz, J. B.
name: Palmer, M. S.
name: Beaudrot, L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Despite continued interest in mixed-species groups, we still lack a unified understanding of how ecological and social processes work across scales to influence group formation. Recent work has revealed ecological correlates of mixed-species group formation, but the mechanisms by which concomitant social dynamics produce these patterns, if at all, is unknown. Here, we use camera trap data for six mammalian grazer species in Serengeti National Park. Building on previous work, we found that ecological variables, and especially forage quality, influenced the chances of species overlap over small spatio-temporal scales (i.e. on the scales of several metres and hours). Migratory species (gazelle, wildebeest and zebra) were more likely to have heterospecific partners available in sites with higher forage quality, but the opposite was true for resident species (buffalo, hartebeest and topi). These findings illuminate the circumstances under which mixed-species group formation is even possible. Next, we found that greater heterospecific availability was associated with an increased probability of mixed-species group formation in gazelle, hartebeest, wildebeest and zebra, but ecological variables did not further shape these patterns. Overall, our results are consistent with a model whereby ecological and social drivers of group formation are species-specific and operate on different spatio-temporal scales.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Mixed-species groups and aggregations: shaping ecological and behavioural patterns and processes’.
Sparsity of p-divisible unramified liftings for subvarieties of abelian varieties with trivial stabilizer
Creators: name: Scarponi, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By means of the theory of strongly semistable sheaves and of the theory of the Greenberg transform, we generalize to higher dimensions a result on the sparsity of p-divisible unramified liftings which played a crucial role in Raynaud's proof of the Manin-Mumford conjecture for curves. We also give a bound for the number of irreducible components of the first critical scheme of subvarieties of an abelian variety which are complete intersections.
description: 19 pages
Kernia nitida Nieuwl., Am. Midl. Nat.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Microascales
Microascaceae
Kernia
Kernia nitida

description: 2. Kernia nitida (Sacc.) Nieuwl., Am. Midl. Nat. 4: 379 (1916)
(Plate 1, Figs. 5–6)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, gregarious, rarely scattered, superficial, subglobose, ellipsoid, ovoid or polygonal, dark gray to black, 95–290 μm diam. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, opaque, black, 15–20 μm thick, consisting of several layers of cells, the outermost dark, globose to angulated (textura globulosa -angularis), thick-walled, the innermost brown, clearer, thinner, angular (textura angularis). Terminal hairs simple, thick-walled, septate, smooth, dark brown, 3–6.5 μm thick at the broadest part, 95–600 μm long, arranged in two or three loose tufts of 4–10 hairs, attached at two or three parts of the ascoma, usually inclined upwards to form an angle of approximately 45° in relation to the substrate, with strongly circinate ends, forming hooks in different directions. Lateral hairs hyphoid, simple, thin-walled, 1.5–2 μm thick at the broadest part, usually absent in mature ascomata. Asci 8-spored, globose to ovoid, 6–12.5 μm diam., evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ellipsoid, smooth, light brown to ochraceous, copper colored “en masse”, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4.5 μm, guttulate, with one terminal germ pore.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on goat dung, 27 Dec 2011, R. F. R. Melo (URM86679!, 86680!); Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Serra Talhada, on goat dung, 27 Feb 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM86681!).
 Habitat: —Soil, plant material and dung of many herbivores.
 Distribution: —Worldwide.
 Notes:—Ascomata of Kernia nitida were commonly recorded in the studied areas, mainly from goat dung. This species can be distinguished by the peculiar shape of the cleistothecia (subglobose, ellipsoid, ovoid or polygonal) and the long, circinate hairs, originating from two or three opposite points of the ascoma. The material examined from goat dung presented many ascomata covering entire pellets, interspersed with white, cottony tufts forming a hairy surface on the substrate.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 163, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) project: analysis of radio source properties between 5 and 217 GHz
Creators: name: Massardi, Marcella
name: Bonaldi, Anna
name: Bonavera, Laura
name: De Zotti, Gianfranco
name: Lopez-Caniego, Marcos
name: Galluzzi, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) project has yielded observations of 464 sources with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) between 4.5 and 40 GHz. The main purpose of the project was to investigate the spectral properties of mm-selected radio sources at frequencies below and overlapping with the ESA's Planck satellite frequency bands, minimizing the variability effects by observing almost simultaneously with the first two Planck all-sky surveys. In this paper we present the whole catalogue of observations in total intensity. By comparing PACO with the various measures of Planck Catalog of Compact Sources (PCCS) flux densities we found the best consistency with the PCCS "detection pipeline" photometry (DETFLUX) that we used to investigate the spectral properties of sources from 5 to 217 GHz. Of our sources, 91% have remarkably smooth spectrum, well described by a double power law over the full range. This suggests a single emitting region, at variance with the notion that "flat" spectra result from the superposition of the emissions from different compact regions, self absorbed up to different frequencies. Most of the objects show a spectral steepening above 30 GHz, consistent with synchrotron emission becoming optically thin. Thus, the classical dichotomy between flat-spectrum/compact and steep-spectrum/extended radio sources, well established at cm wavelengths, breaks down at mm wavelengths. The mm-wave spectra do not show indications of the spectral break expected as the effect of "electron ageing", suggesting young source ages.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Leuconeurospora pulcherrima Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Microascales
Chadefaudiellaceae
Leuconeurospora
Leuconeurospora pulcherrima

description: 3. Leuconeurospora pulcherrima (G. Winter) Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot. 48(10): 1820 (1970)
(Plate 1, Figs. 7–9)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, scattered, immersed to superficial, globose, black at reflected light, dark red at transmitted light, 160–210 μm diam., glabrous. Peridium cephalothecoid, coriaceous, opaque, composed of large, polygonal plates consisting of flattened, angular (textura angularis), thick-walled, reddish-brown cells, 7.5–22.5 μm wide at the larger axis, separated by well-defined dehiscence lines. Asci 4-spored, globose to slightly clavate, 9–11.5 μm diam., evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, mainly ellipsoid, but considerably variable in morphology, rhomboid to doliiform, ornamented by conspicuous, anastomosing ridges, forming an incomplete reticulum, hyaline, 6–10 × 3–5 μm, lacking germ pores.
 Material examined:— BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on goat dung, 04 Apr 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86786!).
 Habitat: —Dung of dog, fox, hedgehog, rabbit, rat and squirrel.
 Distribution:— Europe (Denmark, Greece) and North America (Canada). This is the first record of this species in Brazil.
 Notes: — Leuconeurospora pulcherrima can be distinguished from other cleistothecial, hyaline-spored coprophilous fungi by the dark red ascomata with cephalothecoid wall and by the reticulated ornamentation pattern on the ascospores. Numerous obovoid to pyriform chlamydospores were observed in this material.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 163, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Lophotrichus bartlettii Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Microascales
Microascaceae
Lophotrichus
Lophotrichus bartlettii

description: 4. Lophotrichus bartlettii (Massee & E.S. Salmon) Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot. 49(6): 866 (1971)
(Plate 1, Figs. 10–12)
 Ascomata ostiolate, scattered to gregarious, immersed to superficial, globose, dark grey to black, 290–315 μm diam. Neck papillate, inconspicuous, 30–40 μm diam. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, opaque, with thick-walled (textura angularis) brown cells. Neck hairs simple, thick-walled, septate, smooth, dark brown to black, 3.5–4.5 μm thick at the broadest part, narrowing towards the apex, 1.25–1.35 mm long, arranged in a single tuft. Lateral hairs hyphoid, simple, thin-walled, hyaline, septate, 135–147.5 μm long, 2–3 μm diam. at the broadest part, narrowing towards the apex. Asci 8-spored, clavate to subglobose, with a short stipe, 20–35 × 9.5–15 μm, evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, sublimoniform, non-apiculated, smooth, hyaline when young, then golden to pale brown, copper colored “en masse”, 6.5–8 × 5–6 μm, with two terminal germ pores, early dispersed to form a cirrhus.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on goat dung, 03 Jan 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM8668!), 08 May 2013 (URM86683!); Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on goat dung, 05 May 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM86684!).
 Habitat: —On plant material and dung of many herbivores.
 Distribution: —Africa (Egypt, Iraq, Nigeria), Asia (India, Japan), Europe (Spain), North America (United States of America), Oceania (Australia) and South America (Brazil, Venezuela). Possibly worldwide.
 Notes:— Lophotrichus bartlettii, although underrepresented in literature, has been frequently recorded on herbivore dung in Brazil. It was first described by Ames (1961) from a pure culture sent by T. E. Brooks, isolated from rat dung in Kansas, USA. It can be easily identified among representatives of the genus by the presence of short-necked perithecia bearing a tuft of unbranched terminal hairs.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on pages 163-164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Melanospora damnosa Lindau, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Teil. I (Leipzig 1897
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Melanosporales
Ceratostomataceae
Melanospora
Melanospora damnosa

description: 5. Melanospora damnosa (Sacc.) Lindau, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Teil. I (Leipzig) 1 (1): 353 (1897)
(Plate 1, Figs. 13–14)
 Ascomata ostiolate, scattered, immersed to superficial, obpyriform, globose to subglobose, tapering slightly towards the neck, light brown to golden, 220–250 × 160–185 μm. Neck conical, 75–100 × 50–60 μm, usually with a mucilaginous mass at the apex composed of mature ascospores. Terminal hairs setose, straight to slightly flexuous, simple, thick-walled, septate, smooth, hyaline to faintly yellowish, 2.5–5 μm in diameter at the broadest part, 60–130 μm long, forming a crown at the neck apex. Lateral hairs sparse, hyphoid, flexuous, simple, thin-walled, hyaline. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, translucent, composed mostly of polygonal, (textura angularis), thin-walled, light yellow to yellowish brown cells, 12.5–17.5 μm thick, becoming more elongated towards the neck. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with rounded apex and a short stipe, 35.5–40 × 22.5–28 μm, evanescent, observable only in young perithecia. Ascospores 1-celled, rhomboid-ellipsoid to sublimoniform, non-apiculated, smooth, hyaline when young, then dark brown to black, 15–22 × 10–12.5 μm, with two terminal germ pores, early dispersed to form a dark mass at the neck apex.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on goat dung, 30 Sep 2011, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86669!).
 Habitat: —Herbivore dung, twigs and plant material.
 Distribution: —Africa (Tunisia), Asia (Bangladesh), Europe (well distributed), North America (United States), Oceania (Australia, New Zealand) and South America (Argentina). Apparently worldwide.
 Notes:— Melanospora damnosa resembles M. brevirostris (Fuckel) Höhnel (1914: 94), but in additions to its longer necks, they differs by ascospore shape and size: shorter, ellipsoid to limoniform in the latter and longer, rhomboid-ellipsoid in the former.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 164, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Melanospora zamiae Corda, Icon.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Melanosporales
Ceratostomataceae
Melanospora
Melanospora zamiae

description: 6. Melanospora zamiae Corda, Icon. fung. (Prague) 1: 24 (1837)
(Plate 1, Figs. 15–16)
 Ascomata ostiolate, usually scattered, semi immersed to superficial, globose to subglobose with a long, cylindrical neck, light brown to golden, 650–750 × 290–350 μm. Neck long, straight to slightly curved, 150–370 × 70–85 μm, with a mucilaginous mass of mature ascospores at the apex. Terminal hairs setose, straight to slightly flexuous, simple, thick-walled, septate, smooth, hyaline to faintly yellowish, 2.5–5(–7.5) μm in diameter at the broadest part, up to 225μ m long, crowning the neck. Lateral hairs sparse, hyphoid, simple, thin-walled, hyaline. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, translucent, fragile, polygonal a textura angularis of thin-walled, light yellow to yellowish brown cells, 15–17.5 μm diam., becoming more elongated towards the neck. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with rounded apex and a short stipe, 35.5–50 × 20–25 μm, evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ellipsoidal to limoniform, smooth, hyaline when young, then clear brown and finally dark brown, 15–20(–22.5) × 12.5–15 μm, with two terminal germ pores early dispersed to form a dark mass at the neck apex.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on goat dung, 9 Jul 2011, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86670!).
 Habitat: —Plant material, paper and deer dung. Parasitic on some fungi.
 Distribution: —Africa (Egypt, Libya, Sierra Leone, Zambia), Asia (India, Israel), Europe (Germany, United Kingdom), North America (Canada, Martinique and United States), Oceania (Australia and New Zealand) and South America (Argentina).
 Notes:—This species can be identified by its long neck (150–370 μm long), glabrous to slightly pilose perithecia and predominantly limoniform ascospores, not flattened.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on pages 164-166, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
The effect of intracanal corticosteroids on healing of replanted dog teeth after extended dry times
Creators: name: Kirakozova, Anna Ole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Corticosteroids may inhibit unfavorable periodontal healing of replanted avulsed teeth. Aims: 1) investigate the effect of potent intracanal corticosteroids on periodontal healing; 2) evaluate systemic absorption of intracanal corticosteroids. Methods: 67 dog premolar roots were extracted. Groups 1-3 were filled with gutta-percha and replanted immediately, after 40- and 60 min, respectively. Groups 4 and 5 were filled with 0.05% clobetasol. Groups 6 and 7 were filled with 0.05 % fluocinonide. Groups 4 and 6 were replanted after 40 min; groups 5 and 7 after 60 minutes. After 4 months, roots were evaluated histologically for type of periodontal healing. Results: Groups treated with clobetasol and fluocinonide healed more favorably than groups filled with gutta-percha and were different from each other at 60 min. No change in the systemic corticosteroid blood concentration was observed with any of the intracanal corticosteroids. Conclusion: Corticosteroids were efficacious as intracanal medicaments for promoting favorable periodontal healing.
Waves and vortices in the inverse cascade regime of stratified turbulence with or without rotation
Creators: name: Herbert, Corentin
name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Rosenberg, Duane
name: Pouquet, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the partition of energy between waves and vortices in stratified turbulence, with or without rotation, for a variety of parameters, focusing on the behavior of the waves and vortices in the inverse cascade of energy towards the large scales. To this end, we use direct numerical simulations in a cubic box at a Reynolds number Re=1000, with the ratio between the Brunt-Väisälä frequency N and the inertial frequency f varying from 1/4 to 20, together with a purely stratified run. The Froude number, measuring the strength of the stratification, varies within the range 0.02 < Fr < 0.32. We find that the inverse cascade is dominated by the slow quasi-geostrophic modes. Their energy spectra and fluxes exhibit characteristics of an inverse cascade, even though their energy is not conserved. Surprisingly, the slow vortices still dominate when the ratio N/f increases, also in the stratified case, although less and less so. However, when N/f increases, the inverse cascade of the slow modes becomes weaker and weaker, and it vanishes in the purely stratified case. We discuss how the disappearance of the inverse cascade of energy with increasing N/f can be interpreted in terms of the waves and vortices, and identify three major effects that can explain this transition based on inviscid invariants arguments.
Citizenship Education and American Nationalism
Creators: name: Winkelman, Joel M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Scholars typically think of the United States as an example of civic nationalism, a relatively inclusive nation that is held together by a shared commitment to the civic principles of freedom, equality and toleration. I argue to the contrary, that the American nation is a culturally particular nation whose citizens must conform to more than belief in those principles. To make this case, I examine the process by which non-Americans are assimilated and educated for citizenship, reviewing citizenship education materials— manuals, handbooks and textbooks—from three periods of particularly intense nationalism from the early twentieth century to today. Through this review, I show that citizenship in the United States has historically meant assuming a much more comprehensive identity than the one a civic nationalist account of the American nation might suggest.
Properties of (Ga$_{1-x}$In$_x$)$_2$O$_3$ over the whole $x$ range
Creators: name: Maccioni, Maria Barbara
name: Ricci, Francesco
name: Fiorentini, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density-functional ab initio theoretical techniques, we study (Ga$_{1-x}$In$_x$)$_2$O$_3$ in both its equilibrium structures (monoclinic $β$ and bixbyite) and over the whole range of composition. We establish that the alloy exhibits a large and temperature-independent miscibility gap. On the low-$x$ side, the favored phase is isostructural with $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$; on the high-$x$ side, it is isostructural with bixbyite In$_2$O$_3$. The miscibility gap opens between approximately 15\% and 55\% In content for the bixbyite alloy grown epitaxially on In$_2$O$_3$, and 15\% and 85\% In content for the free-standing bixbyite alloy. The gap, volume and band offsets to the parent compound also exhibit anomalies as function of $x$. Specifically, the offsets in epitaxial conditions are predominantly type-B staggered, but have opposite signs in the two end-of-range phases.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Emerging Adults’ Perceptions of Their Parents: Associations with Need Fulfillment and Affective Well-Being
Creators: name: Neubauer, Andreas
name: Kramer, Andrea
name: Soenens, Bart
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The present work examines the association of perceived parental autonomy support and control with emerging adults’ well-being and ill-being.
Monascus ruber Tiegh., Bull. Soc.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Eurotiomycetes
Eurotiales
Monascaceae
Monascus
Monascus ruber

description: 7. Monascus ruber Tiegh., Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 31: 226 (1884)
(Plate 1, Fig. 17)
 Colonies in CYA25 with fast growth, 25–35 mm diam. in seven days, appressed, velutinous to floccose, with fimbriated margin, initially white, then light brown, progressively darker with cleistothecia maturation, occasionally reddish. Reverse brown to dark brown, smooth. Mycelium abundant, consisting of hyaline, slender, branched, smooth-walled hyphae, 4–5.5 μm diam. Ascomata non-ostiolate, gregarious, superficial, usually globose, occasionally subglobose, flattened horizontally, light brown to amber, 25–45(–57.5) μm diam., each supported by a stalk-like hypha. Ascomatal wall two-layered, prosenchymatous, translucent, composed of an outer layer with often merging hyphae, covering an inner semitransparent vesicle, thick-walled, with light brown to amber cells, major axis 2.5–5 μm, collapsing or not when mounted. Asci 8-spored, globose, strongly evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5–7.5 × 3.5–4.5 μm. Conidia single or in short chains, globose to pyriform thick-walled, hyaline, smooth, 9.5–15.5 μm diam. or 10–17.5 × 8.5–15 μm.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on cattle dung, 15 Mar 2013, R.F. R. Melo (URM 86638a!, 86638b!, 86638c!, 86638d!).
 Habitat: —Recorded on plant material, in rumen contents of herbivores, industrial waste,. It is uncommon on herbivore dung.
 Distribution:—Worldwide.
 Notes:— Monascus ruber is a common cleistothecial ascomycete, primarily known for its application in food industry, particularly in China and Japan. It differs from M. sanguineus P.F. Cannon, Abdullah & B.A. Abbas (1995: 661) mainly by the soluble pigment production, usually absent, brown when present.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Accelerating and Decelerating Flows in a Rod Bundle
Creators: name: Duong, Dana
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Rod bundle
Fluid mechanics
Turbulence

description: Hot-wire measurements of mean velocity and turbulence parameters were collected at the mid-point of a rod-wall gap and in the centre of a triangular subchannel in accelerating and decelerating flows through a large-scale (12.9:1) model of a 60\degree ~section of a CANadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) nuclear reactor 37-rod bundle. A method was developed to correct the axial velocity fluctuations for the effects of cycle-to-cycle variations, which were particularly significant during deceleration. Compared to values in stationary flows, the gap vortex street Strouhal number was slightly larger during accelerating flow and smaller during decelerating flow. The integral length scales of the axial velocity at both locations during both acceleration and deceleration were larger than the corresponding values in stationary flow. The Taylor microscale during transients was slightly larger than the stationary values. The turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate was larger for accelerating flow and smaller for decelerating flow. The opposite was found to be true for the Kolmogorov microscale.
Creating a zero-order resonator using an optical surface transformation
Creators: name: Sun, F.
name: Ge, X.
name: He, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel zero-order resonator has been designed by an optical surface transformation (OST) method. The resonator proposed here has many novel features. Firstly, the mode volume can be very small (e.g. in the subwavelength scale). Secondly, the resonator is open (no reflecting walls are utilized) and resonant effects can be found in a continuous spectrum (i.e. a continuum of eigenmodes). Thirdly, we only need one homogenous medium to realize the proposed resonator. The shape of the resonator can be a ring structure of arbitrary shape. In addition to the natural applications (e.g. optical storage) of an optical resonator, we also suggest some other applications of our novel optical open resonator (e.g. power combination, squeezing electromagnetic energy in the free space).