cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ЁШ АВЛОД ТАРБИЯСИ- ЮРТ КЕЛАЖАГИ ГАРОВИДИР
Creators: name: Baqoev, Najmiddin
name: Toshov, To'xtasin
name: Sharipov, Abduraxmon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ушбу мақолада мустақилликнинг сўнгги йилларида ёшлар фаолиятига оид амалга оширилаётган ислоҳотларда, қабул қилинаётган сиёсий қарорларда, ёшлар сиёсатининг акс этиши. Хозир кунда талаба ёшларни ватанпарварлик руҳида тарбиялашнинг аҳамияти,  ижтимоий жамиятнинг ўзига хос умумий қонуниятлари, ёшлар фаолияти билан боғлиқ бўлган меъёрий тартиблар очиб берилган.
Holocene dynamics of the Rhone Glacier, Switzerland, deduced from ice flow models and cosmogenic nuclides
Creators: name: Goehring, Brent M.
name: Vacco, David A.
name: Alley, Richard B.
name: Schaefer, Joerg M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Paleoclimatology

description: We describe efforts to model the Holocene extent of the Rhone Glacier, Switzerland, using four paleoclimate records as templates for paleo-equilibrium line altitude to identify candidate driving mechanisms of glaciers in the Alps. We evaluate the success of each paleoclimate template by comparing cosmogenic 10Be and 14C concentrations in pro-glacial bedrock derived from modeled glacier configurations to measured values. An adequate fit can be obtained using mean summer insolation for 46.5°N. However, use of the Dongee Cave, China, speleothem record yields the best fit by accounting for both sub-millennial (e.g. Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period) and multi-millennial climate variations (summer insolation). Our result indicates that glaciers in the Alps primarily responded to changes in insolation during the Holocene were smaller than today during the early Holocene when insolation was relatively high, and became larger during the mid to late Holocene. Superimposed on the first-order insolation response were shorter, sometimes large amplitude, length changes in response to short-lived climate events such as the Medieval Warm Period and the LIA.
Additional file 6 of Larotinib in patients with advanced and previously treated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression or amplification: an open-label, multicenter phase 1b study
Creators: name: Liu, Rongrui
name: Liu, Lianke
name: Zhao, Chuanhua
name: Bai, Yuxian
name: Zheng, Yulong
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Li, Ning
name: Yang, Jianwei
name: Fan, Qingxia
name: Wang, Xiuwen
name: Zeng, Shan
name: Zhang, Yingjun
name: Zhang, Weihong
name: Zhuang, Yulei
name: Kang, Ning
name: Jiang, Yingzhi
name: Sun, Hongmei
name: Xu, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Which is entitled with Preclinical Tissue Distribution Study, describes a preclinical tumor distribution study designed to confirm whether larotinib had a better distribution than other EGFR-TKIs in esophageal tumor tissues.
Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Kız Öğrencilerinin Gebe Okullarına Yaklaşımı
Creators: name: Yalazan, Hadice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Kadın için gebelik fizyolojik bir süreçtir.Gebelik ve doğum fizyolojik bir olay kabul edilmek ile birlikte kadın için stresli bir dönemdir.Özellikle ilk gebeliği olan anneler için doğum olayı korku ve heyecanla beklenmektedir.Bu nedenle kadına verilecek destek ve eğitim oldukça önemlidir.Gebelik süreci,eşlere anne ve baba olmayı öğrenme,uyum sağlama,planlama ve hazırlık yapma fırsatı tanır.Gelişmiş ülkelerde çok örnekleri bulunduğu gibi ülkemizde de bazı kuruluşlar tarafından genellikle çiftlerin birlikte katılımı ile gerçekleştirilen "doğuma hazırlık sınıfları"ile aynı anlamda kullanılan;gebe okulları,doğum öncesi eğitim sınıfı,perinetal eğitim vb. birçok eğitim programı mevcuttur. Bu bağlamda yaptığımız çalışmadaki amacımız ile birlikte İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenim gören kız öğrencilerin gebe okulu ve gebe okullarında verilen eğitim hakkında bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmektir.
Cosmological wormholes
Creators: name: Maeda, Hideki
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Carr, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the cosmological wormhole solutions obtained from our recent numerical investigations, we provide a definition of a wormhole which applies to dynamical situations. Our numerical solutions do not have timelike trapping horizons but they are wormholes in the sense that they connect two or more asymptotic regions. Although the null energy condition must be violated for static wormholes, we find that it can still be satisfied in the dynamical context. Two analytic solutions for a cosmological wormhole connecting two Friedmann universes without trapping horizons are presented.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, published version in Physical Review D
CO2 Transport in Deep Waters Off Wilkes Land
Creators: name: Chipman, David W.
name: Takahashi, Taro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Atmosphere

description: The densest waters in the world ocean are formed on the continental shelf areas around Antarctica by ice formation and by the loss of heat and water to the air. The Weddell Sea (e.g., Gordon, 1971; Carmack and Foster, 1975; Foldvik et al., 1985), the Ross Sea (e.g., Jacobs et al., 1970, 1985) and other continental margin areas such as the coasts of the Adélie and Wilkes Lands (e.g., Gordon and Tchernia, 1972; Carmack and Killworth, 1978; Foster, 1995) are known to be the major producers of these dense waters. These waters spill over the shelf edge and, during their descent, mix with components of Circumpolar Deep Water (CPDW) to form the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) that fills the major abyssal basins of the world ocean. This process constitutes an important pathway between the atmosphere and the abyssal ocean for long-term storage of CO2. However, the CO2 transport processes associated with bottom-water formation have not been well documented. Here, we present observations made during the 1992 World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) S4P cruise showing that atmospheric CO2 taken up by Wilkes Land shelf waters is transported into the upper AABW.
Distribution of trials and the partial reinforcement effect after minimal acquisition
Creators: name: Young, Brian Jeffrey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Both Frustration Theory and Sequential Effects Theory appear to account with some plausibility for the Partial Reinforcement Effect (PRE) and accompanying phenomena. On the basis of Frustration Theory, however, a PRE should not occur after only minimal acquisition training. On this point, the experimental evidence is conflicting. On the basis of analogous studies employing extended acquisition, trial distribution may be suggested as a factor, among others, which might affect the occurrence of the PRE. All previous studies showing evidence for a PRE after minimal acquisition employed intertrial intervals (ITI's) in acquisition and extinction of no more than 15 minutes. The problem which this study was concerned with was therefore whether a PRE could be obtained after only minimal acquisition when trials were distributed. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that a PRE would occur after a sequence of only five trials under a partial reinforcement (PRF) schedule in an 'RNRNR' sequence, compared with performance following continuous reinforcement (CRF), irrespective of whether trials were highly distributed or highly massed. A factorial 2x2 design was used in which four groups of Ss were trained under two conditions of reward schedule (PRF or CRF), and two conditions of ITI both in acquisition and extinction. The method, apparatus and procedure of a previous study (McCain, 1969) which showed evidence for a PRE after only minimal acquisition were replicated as far as possible, except for changes required by the design or on theoretical grounds. Evidence was found for a PRE under both conditions of ITI in terms of differences in extinction trends, confirming the hypothesis tested. Trial distribution was found to effect the mean running speeds shown by PRF and CRF groups such that greater resistance to extinction was shown by the PRF group in comparison to the CRF group when the ITI was 30 sec., while running measures did not show this effect when the ITI was 24 hours. This latter lack of a significant difference appeared to be mainly due to a reduction in PRF running speeds when the ITI was 24 hours rather than an increase in CRF running speeds.
Modeling the Business of Theological Libraries in the Twenty-First Century: Writing Centers and More
Creators: name: Elia, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Library science
Theology

description: What is the business of a theological library? That’s probably a funny-sounding question, first of all because we probably don’t think about theological libraries having “business.” Rather, I believe we like to think of them as having “purpose,” such that we can ask, “What is the purpose of a theological library?” We can still answer these questions in the same way, but it is more about how we ought to begin thinking or re-thinking the role of the theological library in the twenty-first century, and that is in terms of business. Why? Some might consider this to be a blasphemous claim or assertion, but perhaps the truth comes in advertising. In this harsh period of economic troubles that has found its way into more than a few libraries, especially seminary libraries, we find that talk often revolves around money, finances, and economic cutbacks. The question “What is a theological library?” is no longer viable, but should be reconfigured to the more sustainable “What CAN a theological library become?” The key part of this logistical and lexical shift is in the motion from stasis to action. Many of us know from experience that libraries change very slowly, and, in some cases, theological libraries may be the worst offenders. This is not the debate. What is the debate is how we can better promote our institutional libraries so that our parent institutions can understand and value both the tangibles and intangibles in a light that is a model of good business, while not compromising or dismissing the academic and scholarly rigor of our library operations. In short, the key word used time and again for the modern worker—librarian or not—is versatility.
title: Affinity Purification of Bovine Lactoferrin and Bovine Transferrin from Using Immobilized Gangliosides
Creators: name: Nam, Seung-Hee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: Bovine lactoferrin (BLF) and bovine transferrin (BTF) are major-iron transport and regulation proteins found in bovine whey. BLF and BTF must interact with the eukaryotic cell surface to mediate their biological function of iron delivery and cellular functions of inflammatory and immunological modulation. As common components of the eukaryotic cell surface, gangliosides were used for affinity purification of BLF and BTF.
Bovine gangliosides were isolated from fresh buttermilk and covalently immobilized onto controlled-pore glass beads (66 μg/g beads). After the matrix was loaded with whey protein (WPI or WPC), lactoferrin was eluted with 1 M NaCl and lll identified by N-terminal protein sequencing. Pretreated whey isolate (1 % wt/vol) showed the highest lactoferrin purity with 40% among protein sources, and whey protein isolate (10% wt/vol) showed the highest recovery with 105%.
Bovine transferrin was eluted with sodium phosphate buffers at pH 7 after the immobilized matrix was loaded with a 2% (wt/vol) whey solution. The ganglioside column resulted in a 74.2% recovery of BTF from whey, and the BTF was enriched to 61% purity after Mono-Q chromatography. Bovine transferrin was identified by SDS-PAGE analysis, Western analysis, and isoelectrofocusing. In conclusion, immobilized gangliosides can be used to purify BLF and BTF from bovine whey.
Symmetry-induced giant vortex state in a superconducting film with a Penrose array of magnetic pinning centers
Creators: name: Kramer, R. B. G.
name: Silhanek, A. V.
name: Van de Vondel, J.
name: Raes, B.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct visualization of the flux distribution in a Pb film covering a five-fold Penrose array of Co dots is obtained by mapping the local field distribution with a scanning Hall probe microscope. We demonstrate that stable vortex configurations can be found for fields H~0.8H_1, H_1 and 1.6H_1, where H_1 corresponds to one flux quantum per pinning site. The vortex pattern at 0.8H_1 corresponds to one vacancy in one of the vertices of the thin tiles whereas at 1.6H_1 the vortex structure can be associated with one interstitial vortex inside each thick tile. Strikingly, for H=1.6H_1 interstitial and pinned vortices arrange themselves in ring-like structures ("vortex corrals") which favor the formation of a giant vortex state at their center.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Residential bushland conservation : a management option for Fern Tree, part of Hobart's urban fringe
Creators: name: McRae, Pamela Jean
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis provides direction and guidelines to facilitate the retention of semi-natural bushland close to Hobart for the benefit of those who choose to live in such areas, as well as city dwellers. Fern Tree, the area chosen for study, lies within the belt of bushland at Hobart's urban fringe. The methodology formulated for the study of development opportunities and constraints in Fern Tree required that data be gathered with respect to bio-physical constraints, population characteristics and the administrative setting of existing planning strategies. Integration of this information suggested a preferred development option and a framework for managing Fern Tree as a residential bushland suburb. Action needed to achieve this option requires a new planning strategy for the area. This strategy should be extended to incorporate the planning and management of the entire urban fringe of Hobart, including the Wellington Range of which Fern Tree is a part.
The Challenge of Managing Marine Biodiversity: A Practical Toolkit for a Cartographic, Territorial Approach
Creators: name: Bianchi, Carlo
name: Parravicini, Valeriano
name: Montefalcone, Monica
name: Rovere, Alessio
name: Morri, Carla
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Environmental management
Marine biology
Marine ecology

description: An approach to the management of marine biodiversity was developed based on two levels of environmental diagnostics: (1) the characterization (to identify types), and (2) the evaluation (to define status and values). Both levels involve the production of maps, namely: (i) morphobathymetry and sedimentology; (ii) habitats; (iii) natural emergencies; (iv) degradation and risk; (v) weighted vulnerability; (vi) environmental quality; and, (vii) susceptibility to use. A general methodological aspect that must be stated first is the need of dividing the mapped area in territorial units corresponding to submultiples of the UTM grid and having different sizes according to the scale adopted. Territorial units (grid cells) are assigned to one of five classes of evaluation, ranging from high necessity of conservation or protection to non-problematic, unimportant or already compromised (according to the specific map) situations. Depending on the scale, these maps are suited for territorial planning (small scales, allowing for a synoptic view) or for administration and decision making (large scales, providing detail on local situations and problems). Mapping should be periodically repeated (diachronic cartography) to assure an efficient tool for integrated coastal zone management.
Народное хозяйство СССР в годы Великой Отечественной войны.
Creators: name: Черкашина Елена Юрьевна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: управление
экономическая политика
экономическая нестабильность
народное хозяйство
management
economic policy
economic instability
national economy

description: Аннотация. В статье анализируется состояние народного хозяйства СССР в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Изучены существующие подходы к данному вопросу, что позволило выделить основные направления исследования. Выделено несколько ключевых аспектов функционирования советской экономики в военные годы: мобилизация промышленности, сельского хозяйства, трудовых ресурсов, а также влияние войны на экономическое развитие страны. Сделан вывод, что экономика СССР в годы Великой Отечественной войны продемонстрировала беспрецедентную мобилизацию ресурсов, адаптацию промышленности и сельского хозяйства к условиям военного времени. Несмотря на значительные потери, эвакуация заводов на восток, введение карточной системы и переход на военное производство позволили стране выдержать тяжелые испытания и обеспечить армию всем необходимым для победы. Ключевым фактором устойчивости советской экономики стали централизованное планирование, героический труд миллионов граждан и государственная политика, направленная на максимальное использование трудовых и материальных ресурсов. Победа СССР в войне во многом стала возможной благодаря экономической мощи, закаленной в условиях жесточайших испытаний. 

Abstract. The article analyzes the state of the national economy of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The existing approaches to this issue have been studied, which made it possible to identify the main areas of research. Several key aspects of the functioning of the Soviet economy during the war years have been highlighted: mobilization of industry, agriculture, labor resources, as well as the impact of the war on the economic development of the country. It has been concluded that the economy of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War demonstrated an unprecedented mobilization of resources, adaptation of industry and agriculture to wartime conditions. Despite significant losses, the evacuation of factories to the east, the introduction of a rationing system and the transition to military production allowed the country to withstand severe trials and provide the army with everything necessary for victory. The key factor in the stability of the Soviet economy was centralized planning, the heroic work of millions of citizens and state policy aimed at maximum use of labor and material resources. The victory of the USSR in the war was largely possible due to the economic power, tempered in the conditions of the most severe trials.
Cluster Analysis of Typhoon Tracks. Part I: General Properties
Creators: name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Robertson, Andrew W.
name: Gaffney, Scott J.
name: Smyth, Padhraic
name: Ghil, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Typhoons--Tracks
Meteorology

description: A new probabilistic clustering technique, based on a regression mixture model, is used to describe tropical cyclone trajectories in the western North Pacific. Each component of the mixture model consists of a quadratic regression curve of cyclone position against time. The best-track 1950–2002 dataset is described by seven distinct clusters. These clusters are then analyzed in terms of genesis location, trajectory, landfall, intensity, and seasonality. Both genesis location and trajectory play important roles in defining the clusters. Several distinct types of straight-moving, as well as recurving, trajectories are identified, thus enriching this main distinction found in previous studies. Intensity and seasonality of cyclones, though not used by the clustering algorithm, are both highly stratified from cluster to cluster. Three straight-moving trajectory types have very small within-cluster spread, while the recurving types are more diffuse. Tropical cyclone landfalls over East and Southeast Asia are found to be strongly cluster dependent, both in terms of frequency and region of impact. The relationships of each cluster type with the large-scale circulation, sea surface temperatures, and the phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation are studied in a companion paper.
Next-to-Leading-Order QCD Corrections to e+ e- --> J/psi c c_bar at the B Factories
Creators: name: Gong, Bin
name: Wang, Jian-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD correction to $e^+e^-\to J/ψc \bar{c}$ at the B factories, and present theoretical predictions on the momentum and production angular distribution for $J/ψ$ production, and momentum distribution for $J/ψ$ polarization at NLO for the first time. By applying Brodsky, Lepage and Mackenzie scale setting for the renormalization scale, it is found that the QCD perturbative expansion is significantly improved with the unique scale choice $μ^*=1.65$GeV. Together with the $ψ^\prime$ feed-down contribution, the total cross section and momentum distribution can account for the recent experimental measurement by the Belle collaboration. The total cross section and momentum distribution are also found to be consistent with the experimental measurement in the previous study on $e^+e^-\to J/ψgg$. However, the production angular distribution of $J/ψ$ production for either the $J/ψc\bar{c}$ or the $J/ψgg$ channel has a quite different shape in contrast with the new experimental data, although it fits with the experimental data when the two channels are added together. This situation is difficult to explain. To clarify the puzzle of $J/ψ$ polarization, further experimental measurements are strongly expected to testify our predictions on the momentum distribution for $J/ψ$ polarization. Our total cross section agrees with that given in the previous study of Zhang and Chao by using their renormalization scheme and input parameters.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures, The last version appeared in Phys. Rev. D
Dynamical phase transitions for flows on finite graphs
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Davide
name: Renger, D. R. Michiel
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Large deviations
subject: particle systems
subject: phase transitions
subject: 60F10
subject: 05C21
subject: 82C22
subject: 82C26

description: We study the time-averaged flow in a model of particles that randomly hop on a finite directed graph. In the limit as the number of particles and the time window go to infinity but the graph remains finite, the large-deviation rate functional of the average flow is given by a variational formulation involving paths of the density and flow. We give sufficient conditions under which the large deviations of a given time averaged flow is determined by paths that are constant in time. We then consider a class of models on a discrete ring for which it is possible to show that a better strategy is obtained producing a time-dependent path. This phenomenon, called a dynamical phase transition, is known to occur for some particle systems in the hydrodynamic scaling limit, which is thus extended to the setting of a finite graph.
Modelling Inhomogeneity in the Universe
Creators: name: Hellaby, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of some recent developments in inhomogeneous models is presented. As the volume and precision of cosmological data improves, it will become more and more essential to understand the non-linear behaviour of the Einstein field equations. This requires the study of exact inhomogeneous solutions, including their density distributions, their evolution, their geometry, and their causal structure. Observations are strongly affected by the detailed geometry and evolution of a model, and therefore interpretation of observations depends on understanding them. It is generally assumed the universe is homogeneous if averaged over large enough scales, but to actually prove this is so, will require the assumption to be relaxed, and a rigorous inhomogeneous approach to be applied. Though the \LT metric has long been used for models of spherical inhomogeneities, there have been a number of new results, including a variety of methods for creating models with specific properties, and their application to cosmic structures on several different scales. Interest in the Szekeres metrics is on the increase, and the quasi-spherical metric was recently used to model specific cosmic structures for the first time. The quasi-planar and quasi-hyperspherical metrics have been hardly studied until recent work invesigated their physical and geometric properties. There is enormous scope for work with these metrics.
description: LaTeX, PoS class, 50 pages. See http://fisica.ufmt.br/school2/ and http://pos.sissa.it/cgi-bin/reader/conf.cgi?confid=81
title: A Product Development Study: Rainbow Trout Bologna
Creators: name: Smith, Marshall Dean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Mechanically deboned rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was analyzed and then used in texture studies. The meat contained a moderately low amount of fat (10% ± 2%, x ± SD). Pre-deboned meat had more calcium than deboned meat (PIF/=0.37). A combined response model predicted formulations for fish sausage that would closely duplicate the texture of commercially available processed meats. A thermal model was developed that helped verify the thermal properties of rainbow trout. Thermal conductivity was measured (k == 0.48 W/m·K) and specific heat was calculated (Cp= 3200 J/kg·K).
F-adjunction
Creators: name: Schwede, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B05, 13A35

description: In this paper we study singularities defined by the action of Frobenius in characteristic $p > 0$. We prove results analogous to inversion of adjunction along a center of log canonicity. For example, we show that if $X$ is a Gorenstein normal variety then to every normal center of sharp $F$-purity $W \subseteq X$ such that $X$ is $F$-pure at the generic point of $W$, there exists a canonically defined $\bQ$-divisor $Δ_{W}$ on $W$ satisfying $(K_X)|_W \sim_{\bQ} K_{W} + Δ_{W}$. Furthermore, the singularities of $X$ near $W$ are "the same" as the singularities of $(W, Δ_{W})$. As an application, we show that there are finitely many subschemes of a quasi-projective variety that are compatibly split by a given Frobenius splitting. We also reinterpret Fedder's criterion in this context, which has some surprising implications.
description: 31 pages; to appear in Algebra and Number Theory. Typos corrected, presentation improved throughout. Section 7 subdivided into two sections (7 and 8). The proofs of 4.8, 5.8 and 9.5 improved
Three centuries of shifting hydroclimatic regimes across the Mongolian Breadbasket
Creators: name: Pederson, Neil
name: Leland, Caroline Wogan
name: Nachin, Baatarbileg
name: Hessl, A. E.
name: Bell, A. R.
name: Martin Benito, Dario
name: Saladyga, T.
name: Suran, B.
name: Brown, P. M.
name: Davi, Nicole K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Climatic changes
Streamflow--Analysis
Hydrology
Agriculture

description: In its continuing move toward resource independence, Mongolia has recently entered a new agricultural era. Large crop fields and center-pivot irrigation have been established in the last 10 years across Mongolia's "Breadbasket": the Bulgan, Selenge and Tov aimags of northcentral Mongolia. Since meteorological records are typically short and spatially diffuse, little is known about the frequency and scale of past droughts in this region. We use six chronologies from the eastern portion of the breadbasket region to reconstruct streamflow of the Yeruu River. These chronologies accounted for 60.8% of May–September streamflow from 1959 to 1987 and 74.1% from 1988 to 2001. All split, calibration-verification statistics were positive, indicating significant model reconstruction. Reconstructed Yeruu River streamflow indicates the 20th century to be wetter than the two prior centuries. When comparing the new reconstruction to an earlier reconstruction of Selenge River streamflow, representing the western portion of the breadbasket region, both records document more pluvial events of greater intensity during 20th century versus prior centuries and indicate that the recent decade of drought that lead to greater aridity across the landscape is not unusual in the context of the last 300 years. Most interestingly, variability analyses indicate that the larger river basin in the western breadbasket (the Selenge basin) experiences greater swings in hydroclimate at multi-decadal to centennial time scales while the smaller basin in the eastern portion of the breadbasket (the Yeruu basin) is more stable. From this comparison, there would be less risk in agricultural productivity in the eastern breadbasket region, although the western breadbasket region can potentially be enormously productive for decades at a time before becoming quite dry for an equally long period of time. These results indicate that farmers and water managers need to prepare for both pluvial conditions like those in the late-1700s, and drier conditions like those during the early and mid-1800s. Recent studies have indicated that cultures with plentiful resources are more vulnerable when these resources become diminished. Thus, the instrumental records of the 20th century should not be used as a model of moisture availability. Most importantly, the geographic mismatch between precipitation, infrastructure, and water demand could turn out to be particularly acute for countries like Mongolia, especially as these patterns can switch in space through time.
Development and analysis of a fluid power test facility
Creators: name: Jones, IF
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The work described in this thesis was undertaken as part of a project to design and build an electro-hydraulic vibration testing machine of unusual configuration using the limited manufacturing facilities of the departmental workshops of the Engineering School of the University of Tasmania. A sketch showing the basic concept of the vibrator design is shown in Chapter 1. Technical limitations concerning available means of measurement and manufacture resulted in the development of a series of four-way spool valves featuring thin axial flutes milled in the spool lands to limit the area gradient and allow , a long stroke relative to the flow rating of the valve. An experimental rig to measure spool forces and flow characteristics under various static and dynamic conditions is described in detail. Difficulties experienced in the operation of the rig are discussed together with suggested lines of rig development. Digital simulation of hydraulic servo-mechanisms by the Runge Kutta technique is examined in detail particularly with respect to the causes of numerical instability. An alternative approach based on the Method of Characteristics is also described and found to be particularly useful for systems containing long pipelines. The latter method is based on the velocity of pressure propagation in the fluid media and the results of an experimental investigation to determine this velocity as a function of pressure in a flexible high pressure hose are presented.
Operator splittings and spatial approximations for evolution equations
Creators: name: Bátkai, András
name: Csomós, Petra
name: Nickel, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06,47N40,65J10,34K06

description: The convergence of various operator splitting procedures, such as the sequential, the Strang and the weighted splitting, is investigated in the presence of a spatial approximation. To this end a variant of Chernoff's product formula is proved. The methods are applied to abstract partial delay differential equations.
description: to appear in J. Evol. Equations. Reviewers comments are incorporated
Additional file 1 of Characteristics and therapeutic profile of TBI patients who underwent bilateral decompressive craniectomy: experience with 151 cases
Creators: name: Zhao, Jian-Lan
name: Song, Jie
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Bao, Yi-Feng
name: Sun, Yi-Rui
name: Li, Zhi-Qi
name: Xi, Cai-Hua
name: Yao, Hai-Jun
name: Wang, Mei-Hua
name: Wu, Gang
name: Du, Zhuo-Ying
name: Hu, Jin
name: Yu, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis predicting USSs.
Regional climate control of glaciers in New Zealand and Europe during the pre-industrial Holocene
Creators: name: Putnam, Aaron Ervin
name: Schaefer, Joerg M.
name: Denton, George H.
name: Barrell, David J. A.
name: Finkel, Robert
name: Schwartz, Roseanne G.
name: Andersen, Bjørn G.
name: Chinn, Trevor J. H.
name: Doughty, Alice M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Climatic changes
Environmental sciences

description: Existing paleoclimate data suggest a complex evolution of hydroclimate within the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the Holocene epoch. Here we introduce a new leaf wax isotope record from Sulawesi, Indonesia and compare proxy water isotope data with ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (OAGCM) simulations to identify mechanisms influencing Holocene IPWP hydroclimate. Modeling simulations suggest that orbital forcing causes heterogenous changes in precipitation across the IPWP on a seasonal basis that may account for the differences in time-evolution of the proxy data at respective sites. Both the proxies and simulations suggest that precipitation variability during the September–November (SON) season is important for hydroclimate in Borneo. The preëminence of the SON season suggests that a seasonally lagged relationship between the Indian monsoon and Indian Ocean Walker circulation influences IPWP hydroclimatic variability during the Holocene.
Variational approach in dislocation theory
Creators: name: Groma, István
name: Györgyi, Géza
name: Ispánovity, Péter Dusán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variational approach is presented to calculate the stress field generated by a system of dislocations. It is shown that in the simplest case, when the material containing the dislocations obeys Hooke's law the variational framework gives the same field equations as Kröner's theory. However, the variational method proposed allows to study many other problems like dislocation core regularisation, role of elastic anharmonicity and dislocation--solute atom interaction. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that these problems can be handled on a systematic manner.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes in the text and few numerical corrections. Few references also added
Dimensions of NLG Systems: Towards a Taxonomy
Creators: name: Gatt, Albert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Natural Language Generation
Data-to-text
Natural Language Processing
Artificial Intelligence

description: These slides are work-in-progress. They constitute an attempt to characterise Natural Language Generation systems in a systematic fashion, based on a typology of types of inputs and types of outputs.
Making sense of palaeoclimate sensitivity
Creators: name: Hoenisch, Baerbel
name: PALAEOSENS Project Members
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine biology
Marine ecology
Paleoclimatology

description: Many palaeoclimate studies have quantified pre-anthropogenic climate change to calculate climate sensitivity (equilibrium temperature change in response to radiative forcing change), but a lack of consistent methodologies produces a wide range of estimates and hinders comparability of results. Here we present a stricter approach, to improve intercomparison of palaeoclimate sensitivity estimates in a manner compatible with equilibrium projections for future climate change. Over the past 65million years, this reveals a climate sensitivity (in KW21 m2) of 0.3–1.9 or 0.6–1.3 at 95% or 68% probability, respectively. The latter implies a warming of 2.2–4.8 K per doubling of atmospheric CO2, which agrees with IPCC estimates.
title: Health and Lifestyle among Ute Native American Elders
Creators: name: Prestwich, Laura L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: A basic health and lifestyle questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 103 Ute elders, age 50 and older. Fifty-three percent reported being diagnosed with diabetes. The mean BMI (body mass index) was 33.31 (SD=8.72). For descriptive purposes, BMI was divided into three categories: less than 25, 25-29.99, 30 or above. Eleven percent were in the BMI category of less than 25. Thirty percent of Ute elders reported a BMI between 25-29.99. Fifty two percent had a BMI of 30 or above. Diabetes rates among this Ute elder sample were significantly lower with a lower income, lower education level, older age, higher BMI, and having a family history of diabetes. A binary logistic regression revealed family history (Exp [B]=3.06; p
Based on this survey, the Ute Tribe should focus future wellness programs on prevention and control of diabetes and obesity among their tribe. Prevention for these chronic diseases needs to begin with the youth as well as with the older members of the tribe. Currently, the Ute tribe has two programs to treat and prevent diabetes among their tribe. The Diabetes Prevention and Control Program is a clinic to provide intervention for those Ute members with diabetes. It also provides a small gym furnished with exercise equipment for members of the tribe to use at no cost to them. The other program for the youth of the tribe teaches about the importance of nutrition and exercise in their lifestyles. Future programs should expand upon existing programs in attempts to reach the whole tribe.
Perturbative construction of the two-dimensional O(N) non-linear sigma model with ERG
Creators: name: Lutfuoglu, Bekir Can
name: Sonoda, Hidenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the exact renormalization group (ERG) perturbatively to construct the Wilson action for the two-dimensional O(N) non-linear sigma model. The construction amounts to regularization of a non-linear symmetry with a momentum cutoff. A quadratically divergent potential is generated by the momentum cutoff, but its non-invariance is compensated by the jacobian of the non-linear symmetry transformation.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Atlantic SST gradient and the influence of ENSO
Creators: name: Huang, Huei-Ping
name: Robertson, Andrew W.
name: Kushnir, Yochanan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: The relationship between the boreal winter El Niño SST anomaly and boreal spring tropical Atlantic SST gradient (North Atlantic minus South Atlantic) is investigated using a long, detrended SST record. For both El Niño and La Niña, concordant cases (same sign for NINO3 index and Atlantic SST gradient) slightly dominate over discordant ones, reflecting the fact that the NINO3 index correlates more strongly with the North Atlantic than the South Atlantic SST anomaly. The ratio of the numbers of concordant and discordant cases is 4:3 overall, indicating strong non-ENSO influences on the Atlantic SST gradient. The composite of the concordant cases shows an SST anomaly in the North Atlantic with the same sign as NINO3 and an opposite-signed anomaly off the southwest coast of Africa resembling "Benguela Niño". That of the discordant cases is dominated by a pre-existing SST anomaly with the same sign as NINO3 in the south-central South Atlantic.
title: Influence of Limited Proteolysis, Heat Treatment, and pH on the Whiteness of Skim Milk
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoshan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: Health consciousness drives people to drink skim milk. Yet, improving the blue-white appearance and watery texture of skim milk is necessary to make consumers happy with skim milk. In this study, the influence of limited proteolysis with soluble or immobilized proteases, heat treatment, and pH on the whiteness of skim milk were examined to meet this goal.
Limited proteolysis with milk-clotting enzymes increased the whiteness of skim milk. the proteases porcine pepsin and chymosin were immobilized onto nonporous ceramic, glass, and controlled pore glass (CPG) beads. The enzymes were coupled to beads either directly or via crosslinker proteins. Pepsin, immobilized onto CPG beads via crosslinker proteins, exhibited the best properties with respect to enzymatic activity, stability, and whitening efficiency. The L value (whiteness) of this immobilized enzyme-treated skim milk was 79.5, which approached the whiteness of 1% fat milk. Immobilized proteases whitened skim milk more effectively than did soluble proteases.
The whiteness of skim milk was determined at various temperatures from 4 to 90°C. The L value increased with increasing temperature throughout the range tested. For samples not heated above 50°C, the increases in L values were completely reversible on cooling. Partial reversibility was observed with samples heated at 70°C and above.
Milk whiteness was also determined at different pH values ranging from 5.0 to 8.2 at temperatures of 4, 20, and 30°C. The L value increased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature. A maximum L value of 80.0 was obtained at pH 5.0 and 30°C, which is higher than the L value of skim milk at its natural pH at room temperature.
The temperature-dependent dissociation of major caseins was investigated by size exclusion chromatography at temperatures from 10 to 40°C. Free soluble β-casein and κ-casein were found only at 10°C.
title: Netzbiographie – Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck (1773 - 1861)
Creators: name: Martin Otto Braun, Elisabeth Schläwe, Florian Schönfuß (Hg.)
Publisher: name: MAP - Modern Academic Publishing, Universität zu Köln
Year: 2014
Subjects: Geschichte

description: The multi-perspective online biography at hand examines Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck as a 'leveling board' of noble 'winners and loosers' during the Revolutionary Era round 1800. Relatively short but much focused and intensely interlinked, the individual articles give a survey of the numerous and very different fields of action the protagonist's path of life went through. The articles' dialogic appearance as well as their expandability is intentional. The project as a whole should be seen as a 'living' attempt to develop new, more inclusive formats of knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer in view of an ever growing expertise reaching far beyond the traditional boundaries of academic research.
title: The Effect of Buttermilk Fraction Concentrates on Growth and Iron Uptake and Transport by Caco-2 Cell Cultures
Creators: name: Lee, Yoo-Hyun
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: To examine the effect of buttermilk fractions on growth, iron transport, and uptake, Caco-2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma) were grown in a bicameral chamber. The Caco-2 cell culture system is a useful model to study micronutrient utilization in the human enterocyte, because Caco-2 cells continuously differentiate and form a monolayer, which has high polarity, a well-developed brush border, and a tight junction. Iron bioavailabilty in various milks is very different depending upon milk composition. The fat fraction especially is known to be associated with iron absorption, because the fat fraction has milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), which contains bioactive molecules such as sphingolipids.
Composition of buttermilk that was concentrated by 10 K molecular sieving (MS) or by bacterial fermentation (Lactococcus latis PN-l) was reduced in lactose concentration and increased in protein concentration. Percent fat in MS buttermilk was concentrated to two times higher than in the original buttermilk (P < 0.05). Growth of Caco-2 cells with molecular sieved (MS) or fermented (FM) buttermilk in the growth medium was not significantly different. Transport and uptake of 59Fe was performed with/without cold iron (1 mmol/L) by iron-depleted or iron-repleted cells. Molecular sieved or fermented buttermilk and ganglioside or sphingomyelin standards with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were added to the Hank's balance salt solution (HBSS) in the apical chamber. With cold iron, addition of MS and FM buttermilk (1, 2, or 3 percent) increased 59Fe transport across iron-repleted cells (P < 0.01). Without cold iron, ganglioside depressed 59Fe transport (P < 0.01). Uptake of 59Fe was not significantly affected by buttermilk concentrates; however, more effective uptake was shown across iron-depleted cells. It is not clear from these studies that buttermilk fractions or their components influence iron uptake or transport by Caco-2 cell cultures.
Assessing Ongoing Electronic Resource Purchases: Linking Tools to Synchronize Staff Workflows
Creators: name: Carroll, Jeffrey D.
name: Major, Colleen M.
name: O'Neal, Nada
name: Tofanelli, John L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Library science
Management

description: Ongoing electronic resource purchases represent a substantial proportion of collections budgets. Recognizing the necessity of systematic ongoing assessment with full selector engagement, Columbia University Libraries appointed an Electronic Resources Assessment Working Group to promote the inclusion of such resources within our current culture of assessment. This article describes the Working Group’s implementation of an electronic resource renewal reminder system in Google Calendar, a calendar already in use by selectors for daily scheduling. In discussing this particular solution, this article shows how libraries can link existing systems together to move beyond their limitations and integrate them into existing staff workflows.
Positive definite functions in distance geometry
Creators: name: Musin, Oleg R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: I. J. Schoenberg proved that a function is positive definite in the unit sphere if and only if this function is a nonnegative linear combination of Gegenbauer polynomials. This fact play a crucial role in Delsarte's method for finding bounds for the density of sphere packings on spheres and Euclidean spaces. One of the most excited applications of Delsarte's method is a solution of the kissing number problem in dimensions 8 and 24. However, 8 and 24 are the only dimensions in which this method gives a precise result. For other dimensions (for instance, three and four) the upper bounds exceed the lower. We have found an extension of the Delsarte method that allows to solve the kissing number problem (as well as the one-sided kissing number problem) in dimensions three and four. In this paper we also will discuss the maximal cardinalities of spherical two-distance sets. Using the so-called polynomial method and Delsarte's method these cardinalities can be determined for all dimensions $n<40$. Recently, were found extensions of Schoenberg's theorem for multivariate positive-definite functions. Using these extensions and semidefinite programming can be improved some upper bounds for spherical codes.
description: Talk at the Fifth European Congress of Mathematics, Amsterdam,14-18 July 2008