cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Potencial new applications for Molten Salt storage beyond CSP
title: SALTOpower | Fast-Track School #1 | Molten Salt technologies and energy system applications
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bauer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Molten Salt
Renewable Energies
CSP
Energy Storage

description: Presentation carried out within the scope of Fast-Track School #1 of the SALTOpower project, on "Molten Salt technologies and energy system applications", specifically "Potencial new applications for Molten Salt storage beyond CSP" by researcher Thomas Bauer, DLR.
Additional file 8 of Social networks and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the HAPIEE study
Creators: name: Nie, Yifan
name: Richards, Marcus
name: Kubinova, Ruzena
name: Titarenko, Anastasiya
name: Malyutina, Sofia
name: Kozela, Magdalena
name: Pajak, Andrzej
name: Bobak, Martin
name: Ruiz, Milagros
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8. Prospective associations of social network characteristics with global cognitive function in participants re-examined between 3-4 years of follow-up.
Application of multi-mineral detrital provenance to unravelling sediment recycling, tectonic events, and paleogeography in northern Gondwana
Creators: name: Zoleikhaei, Yousef
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Earth system sciences
Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Sedimentology
Geochronology

description: This thesis improves provenance methods for determining the source region of ancient sediments by measuring the isotopic age, geochemistry, and surface morphology of multiple mineral grains in the sediments. This information is used to establish the link between the sedimentary basin in northern margin of Gondwana supercontinent and the source region of its sediments during 600 to 450 million years ago. The data help to reconstructing the ancient geography of this region and the evolution of continents forming this margin. The results indicate that the northern Gondwana was a relatively flat basin and the sediments were sourced from internal Gondwana.
Detection prospects of very and ultra high-energy gamma rays from extended sources with ASTRI, CTA, and LHAASO
Creators: name: Celli, Silvia
name: Peron, Giada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The recent discovery of several ultra high-energy gamma-ray emitters in our Galaxy represents a significant advancement towards the characterisation of its most powerful accelerators. Nonetheless, in order to unambiguously locate the regions where the highest energy particles are produced and understand the responsible physical mechanisms, detailed spectral and morphological studies are required, especially given that most of the observed sources were found to be significantly extended. Aims. In these regards, pointing observations with the next-generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Observatory and the ASTRI Mini-Array (ASTRI), are expected to provide significant improvements. Here we aim to identify the most promising sources to target in future observations. Methods. For this purpose, we performed a comparative analysis of the expected performance of ASTRI and CTA, computing their differential sensitivities towards extended sources, and further explored their capabilities with respect to specific case studies, including follow-ups of existing gamma-ray source catalogues. Results. We find that almost all of the sources thus far detected by LHAASO-WCDA and in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey will be in the reach of ASTRI and CTA with about 300 and 50 hours of exposure, respectively. For the highest energy emitters detected by LHAASO-KM2A, in turn, we provide a list of the most promising objects that would require further investigation. We additionally examined specific classes of sources in order to identify potentially detectable gamma-ray emitters, such as passive molecular clouds (i.e. illuminated by the cosmic-ray sea) and pulsars surrounded by a halo of runaway particles.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Dissipation in dynamos at low and high magnetic Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Brandenburg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulations of helically driven turbulence, it is shown that the ratio of kinetic to magnetic energy dissipation scales with the magnetic Prandtl number in power law fashion with an exponent of approximately 0.6. Over six orders of magnitude in the magnetic Prandtl number the magnetic field is found to be sustained by large-scale dynamo action of alpha-squared type. This work extends a similar finding for small magnetic Prandtl numbers to the regime of large magnetic Prandtl numbers. At large magnetic Prandtl numbers, most of the energy is dissipated viscously, lowering thus the amount of magnetic energy dissipation, which means that simulations can be performed at magnetic Reynolds numbers that are large compared to the usual limits imposed by a given resolution. This is analogous to an earlier finding that at small magnetic Prandtl numbers, most of the energy is dissipated resistively, lowering the amount of kinetic energy dissipation, so simulations can then be performed at much larger fluid Reynolds numbers than otherwise. The decrease in magnetic energy dissipation at large magnetic Prandtl numbers is discussed in the context of underluminous accretion found in some quasars.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published in Astron.Nachr
Application of multi-mineral detrital provenance to unravelling sediment recycling, tectonic events, and paleogeography in northern Gondwana
Creators: name: ZOLEIKHAEI, YOUSEF
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Earth system sciences
Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Sedimentology
Geochronology

description: This thesis improves provenance methods for determining the source region of ancient sediments by measuring the isotopic age, geochemistry, and surface morphology of multiple mineral grains in the sediments. This information is used to establish the link between the sedimentary basin in northern margin of Gondwana supercontinent and the source region of its sediments during 600 to 450 million years ago. The data help to reconstructing the ancient geography of this region and the evolution of continents forming this margin. The results indicate that the northern Gondwana was a relatively flat basin and the sediments were sourced from internal Gondwana.
Moderate deviations for the eigenvalue counting function of Wigner matrices
Creators: name: Doering, Hanna
name: Eichelsbacher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a moderate deviation principle (MDP) for the number of eigenvalues of a Wigner matrix in an interval. The proof relies on fine asymptotics of the variance of the eigenvalue counting function of GUE matrices due to Gustavsson. The extension to large families of Wigner matrices is based on the Tao and Vu Four Moment Theorem and applies localization results by Erdös, Yau and Yin. Moreover we investigate families of covariance matrices as well.
description: 20 pages
Additional file 9 of Social networks and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the HAPIEE study
Creators: name: Nie, Yifan
name: Richards, Marcus
name: Kubinova, Ruzena
name: Titarenko, Anastasiya
name: Malyutina, Sofia
name: Kozela, Magdalena
name: Pajak, Andrzej
name: Bobak, Martin
name: Ruiz, Milagros
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9. Cross-sectional associations between social network characteristics and global cognitive function with Bonferroni corrected p-values.
What do we learn from impurities and disorder in High Tc cuprates?
Creators: name: Alloul, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We established that the morphology of the phase diagrams is mostly governed by disorder in the various cuprate families. In the minimally disordered YBCO substitutions of Zn or Li spinless impurities on the planar Cu sites control the extent of the spin glass phase and superconducting (SC) dome. NMR data establish that these defects induce in their vicinity a cloud with a Kondo like paramagnetic behavior that differs markedly between the pseudogap and strange metal regimes. We have studied the evolution of transport properties with disorder by introduction of a controlled content of in plane vacancies by electron irradiation. At high T the inelastic scattering of the carriers is surprisingly disorder independent, and governed by the excitations of the correlated electronic state. The low T upturns of the resistivity, that are associated with single impurity Kondo like scattering, agree qualitatively with the local magnetism induced by spinless impurities. Very large defect contents are required to induce Metal Insulator Crossovers. In the SC state, the defect induced reduction of Tc scales quasi linearly with residual resistivity. The paraconductivity due to SC fluctuations, deduced from high field magnetoresistance measurements vanishes beyond a temperature T//c and a field H//c that decrease with increasing defect content. In the pseudogap regime the weaker decrease of T//c with respect to that of Tc reveals a loss of SC phase coherence in presence of disorder. This initiates a discussion of its interplay with pair breaking and allows us to confirm that the family specific dopant induced disorder or order controls the phase diagram. In the ideal disorder free cuprate the 2D SC state would certainly persist at low doping. This ensemble of data provides serious challenges for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity and the normal state in these SC correlated electron systems.
description: 52 pages, 12 figures
Si Metasurface Supporting Multiple Quasi-BICs for Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing
Creators: name: Moretti, Gianni Q.
name: Weber, Thomas
name: Possmayer, Thomas
name: Cortés, Emiliano
name: Menezes, Leonardo de S.
name: Bragas, Andrea V.
name: Maier, Stefan A.
name: Tittl, Andreas
name: Grinblat, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBICs) enable high field enhancement with narrow-linewidth resonances in the visible and near-infrared ranges. The resonance emerges when distorting the meta-atom's geometry away from a symmetry-protected BIC condition and, usually, a given design can sustain one or two of these states. In this work, we introduce a silicon-on-silica metasurface that simultaneously supports up to four qBIC resonances in the near-infrared region. This is achieved by combining multiple symmetry-breaking distortions on an elliptical cylinder array. By pumping two of these resonances, the nonlinear process of degenerate four-wave mixing is experimentally realized. By comparing the nonlinear response with that of an unpatterned silicon film, the near-field enhancement inside the nanostructured dielectric is revealed. The presented results demonstrate independent geometric control of multiple qBICs and their interaction trough wave mixing processes, opening new research pathways in nanophotonics, with potential applications in information multiplexing, multi-wavelength sensing and nonlinear imaging.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Solving deep-learning density functional theory via variational autoencoders
Creators: name: Costa, Emanuele
name: Scriva, Giuseppe
name: Pilati, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, machine learning models, chiefly deep neural networks, have revealed suited to learn accurate energy-density functionals from data. However, problematic instabilities have been shown to occur in the search of ground-state density profiles via energy minimization. Indeed, any small noise can lead astray from realistic profiles, causing the failure of the learned functional and, hence, strong violations of the variational property. In this article, we employ variational autoencoders to build a compressed, flexible, and regular representation of the ground-state density profiles of various quantum models. Performing energy minimization in this compressed space allows us to avoid both numerical instabilities and variational biases due to excessive constraints. Our tests are performed on one-dimensional single-particle models from the literature in the field and, notably, on a three-dimensional disordered potential. In all cases, the ground-state energies are estimated with errors below the chemical accuracy and the density profiles are accurately reproduced without numerical artifacts.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Geminga's pulsar halo: an X-ray view
Creators: name: Manconi, Silvia
name: Woo, Jooyun
name: Shang, Ruo-Yu
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Tang, Claudia
name: Di Mauro, Mattia
name: Donato, Fiorenza
name: Mori, Kaya
name: Hailey, Charles J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geminga is the first pulsar around which a remarkable TeV gamma-ray halo extending over a few degrees was discovered by MILAGRO, HAWC and later by H.E.S.S., and by Fermi-LAT in the GeV band. More middle-aged pulsars have exhibited gamma-ray halos, and they are now recognized as an emerging class of Galactic gamma-ray sources. The emission appears in the late evolution stage of pulsars, and is most plausibly explained by inverse Compton scattering of CMB and interstellar photons by relativistic electrons and positrons escaping from the pulsar wind nebulae. These observations pose a number of theoretical challenges. Tackling these questions requires constraining the ambient magnetic field properties, which can be achieved through X-ray observations. If the gamma-ray halos originate from a distribution of highly energetic electrons, synchrotron losses in the ambient magnetic fields of the same particles are expected to produce a diffuse X-ray emission with a similar spatial extension. We present the most comprehensive X-ray study of the Geminga pulsar halo to date, utilising archival data from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. Our X-ray analysis covers a broad bandwidth ($0.5\rm{-}79$ keV) and large field of view ($\sim 4^\circ$) for the first time. This is achieved by accurately measuring the background over the entire field of view, and taking into account both focused and stray-light X-ray photons with NuSTAR. We find no significant emission and set robust constraints on the X-ray halo flux. These are translated to stringent constraints on the ambient magnetic field strength and the diffusion coefficient by using a physical model considering particle injection, diffusion and cooling over the pulsar's lifetime, which is tuned by fitting multi-wavelength data. Our novel methodology for modelling and searching for synchrotron X-ray halos can be applied to other pulsar halo candidates.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Comments are welcomed. v2: Few comments added. Matches version submitted to A&A
Additional file 1 of The cost of clinical management of SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) infection by level of disease severity in Ghana: a protocol-based cost of illness analysis
Creators: name: Ismaila, Hamza
name: Asamani, James Avoka
name: Lokossou, Virgil Kuassi
name: Oduro-Mensah, Ebenezer
name: Nabyonga-Orem, Juliet
name: Akoriyea, Samuel Kaba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Resource Use and Unit Costs for Critically ill cases of COVID-19. Table S2. Resource Use and Unit Costs for Severe Cases of COVID-19. Table S3. Resource Use and Unit Costs for Moderate Cases of COVID-19. Table S4. Resource Use and Unit Costs for Mild/Asymptomatic Cases of COVID-19 (at hospitals or isolation centers). Table S5. Resource Use and Unit Costs for home-based management of mild/asymptomatic cases.
Generating QCD amplitudes in the color-flow basis with MadGraph
Creators: name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
name: Takaesu, Yoshitaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to make use of the off-shell recursive relations with the color-flow decomposition in the calculation of QCD amplitudes on MadGraph. We introduce colored quarks and their interactions with nine gluons in the color-flow basis plus an Abelian gluon on MadGraph, such that it generates helicity amplitudes in the color-flow basis with off-shell recursive formulae for multi-gluon sub-amplitudes. We demonstrate calculations of up to 5-jet processes such as $gg\rightarrow 5g$, $u\bar{u}\rightarrow 5g$ and $uu\rightarrow uuggg$. Although our demonstration is limited, it paves the way to evaluate amplitudes with more quark lines and gluons with Madgraph.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
title: A remarkable legion of guests: Diversity and host specificity of army ant symbionts
Creators: name: Beeren, Christoph von
name: Blüthgen, Nico
name: Hoenle, Philipp O.
name: Pohl, Sebastian
name: Brückner, Adrian
name: Tishechkin, Alexey K.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
name: Brown, Brian V.
name: Hash, John M.
name: Hall, W. E.
name: Kronauer, Daniel J. C.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023

description: Tropical rainforests are among the most diverse biomes on Earth. While species inventories are far from complete for any tropical rainforest, even less is known about the intricate species interactions that form the basis of these ecological communities. One fascinating but poorly studied example are the symbiotic associations between army ants and their rich assemblages of parasitic arthropod guests. Hundreds of these guests, or myrmecophiles, have been taxonomically described. However, because previous work has mainly been based on haphazard collections from disjunct populations, it remains challenging to define species boundaries. We therefore know little about the species richness, abundance and host specificity of most guests in any given population, which is crucial to understand co‐evolutionary and ecological dynamics. Here, we report a quantitative community survey of myrmecophiles parasitizing the six sympatric Eciton army ant species in a Costa Rican rainforest. Combining DNA barcoding with morphological identification of over 2,000 specimens, we discovered 62 species, including 49 beetles, 11 flies, one millipede and one silverfish. At least 14 of these species were new to science. Ecological network analysis revealed a clear signal of host partitioning, and each Eciton species was host to both specialists and generalists. These varying degrees in host specificities translated into a moderate level of network specificity, highlighting the system's level of biotic pluralism in terms of biodiversity and interaction diversity. By providing vouchered DNA barcodes for army ant guest species, this study provides a baseline for future work on co‐evolutionary and ecological dynamics in these species‐rich host-symbiont networks across the Neotropical realm.
Modelling the shapes of the largest gravitationally bound objects
Creators: name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Tormen, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine the physics of the ellipsoidal collapse model with the excursion set theory to study the shapes of dark matter halos. In particular, we develop an analytic approximation to the nonlinear evolution that is more accurate than the Zeldovich approximation; we introduce a planar representation of halo axis ratios, which allows a concise and intuitive description of the dynamics of collapsing regions and allows one to relate the final shape of a halo to its initial shape; we provide simple physical explanations for some empirical fitting formulae obtained from numerical studies. Comparison with simulations is challenging, as there is no agreement about how to define a non-spherical gravitationally bound object. Nevertheless, we find that our model matches the conditional minor-to-intermediate axis ratio distribution rather well, although it disagrees with the numerical results in reproducing the minor-to-major axis ratio distribution. In particular, the mass dependence of the minor-to-major axis distribution appears to be the opposite to what is found in many previous numerical studies, where low-mass halos are preferentially more spherical than high-mass halos. In our model, the high-mass halos are predicted to be more spherical, consistent with results based on a more recent and elaborate halo finding algorithm, and with observations of the mass dependence of the shapes of early-type galaxies. We suggest that some of the disagreement with some previous numerical studies may be alleviated if we consider only isolated halos.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. New appendix added, extended discussion. Matches version accepted by MNRAS
Ultrasensitive and rapid detection for multiple dopings in saliva and urine using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: Feng, Di
name: Xu, Shan-Shan
name: Wen, Bao-Ying
name: Kathiresan, Murugavel
name: Zhang, Yue-Jiao
name: Wang, An
name: Zhang, Fan-Li
name: Jin, Shangzhong
name: Li, Jian-Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Abuse of dopings is one of the serious issues affecting competitive sports globally. Traditional means of analysis for doping detection face the challenges of costly, bulky, and complicated pretreatment, as well as long detection times. Therefore, it is critical to achieve on-site and rapid detection for dopings. Herein, we proposed a strategy for ultrasensitive and quick detection of multiple dopings using a combination of liquid phase extraction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The clenbuterol, methadone, oxycodone, and chlordiazepoxide were four dopings, which could be detected conveniently in human saliva and urine using the above approach. The limit of detection for clenbuterol, methadone, oxycodone, and chlordiazepoxide in saliva were 25, 10, 50, and 25 ng/mL, respectively, and in urine, 25, 5, 50, and 25 ng/mL. Finally, in about a minute, four dopings at concentration of 100 ng/mL in saliva and urine can be detected accurately and synchronously. This synchronous detection strategy further demonstrates the enormous advantages of SERS in on-site and rapid detection of multiple drugs.
Additional file 1 of PACmn for improved optogenetic control of intracellular cAMP
Creators: name: Yang, Shang
name: Constantin, Oana M.
name: Sachidanandan, Divya
name: Hofmann, Hannes
name: Kunz, Tobias C.
name: Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera
name: Oertner, Thomas G.
name: Nagel, Georg
name: Kittel, Robert J.
name: Gee, Christine E.
name: Gao, Shiqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. bPAC variants in HeLa229 cells and hippocampal neurons. Figure S2. Expression of bPAC variants in Drosophila motoneurons. Figure S3. Motoneuron morphology of Drosophila larvae. Figure S4. Expression of Lyn-Venus-bPAC(wt) and 2xLyn-Venus-bPAC(wt) in Xenopus oocytes. Table 1. cGMP is not produced by bPAC variants. Table 2. Statistical results.
Adelic approximation on spheres
Creators: name: Gaudron, Éric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish an adelic version of Dirichlet's approximation theorem on spheres. Let $K$ be a number field, $E$ be a rigid adelic space over $K$ and $q\colon E\to K$ be a quadratic form. Let $v$ be a place of $K$ and $α\in E\otimes_{K}K_{v}$ such that $q(α)=1$. We produce an explicit constant $c$ having the following property. If there exists $x\in E$ such that $q(x)=1$ then, for any $T>c$, there exists $(\upupsilon,\upphi)\in E\times K$, with $\max{(\Vert\upupsilon\Vert_{E,v},\vert\upphi\vert_{v})}\le T$ and $\max{(\Vert\upupsilon\Vert_{E,w},\vert\upphi\vert_{w})}$ controlled for any place $w$, satisfying $q(\upupsilon)=\upphi^{2}\ne 0$ and $\vert q(α\upphi-\upupsilon)\vert_{v}\le c\vert\upphi\vert_{v}/T$. This remains true for some infinite algebraic extensions as well as for a compact set of places of $K$. Our statements generalize and improve on earlier results by Kleinbock \\& Merrill (2015) and Moshchevitin (2017). The proofs rely on the quadratic Siegel's lemma in a rigid adelic space obtained by the author and R{é}mond (2017).
$K^0_{l3γ}$ decays: branching ratios and T-odd momenta correlations
Creators: name: Rudenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratios of the $K^0 \to π^- l^+ ν_l γ(l = e, μ)$ decays, and the T-odd triple momenta correlations $ξ=\vec{q}\cdot[\vec{p}_l \times \vec{p}_π]/M^3_K$, due to the electromagnetic final state interaction, in these processes are calculated. The contributions on the order of $ω^{-1}$ and $ω^0$ to the corresponding amplitudes are treated exactly. For the branching ratios and T-odd correlation in $K^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e γ$ decay, the corrections on the order of $ω$ are estimated and demonstrated to be small. The results for the branching ratios are in good agreement with the previous ones. The T-odd triple momenta correlations in $K^0_{l3γ}$ decays are calculated for the first time. The values of the ξ-odd asymmetry constitute $-1\times10^{-4}$ and $-4.5\times10^{-4}$ in the $K^0 \to π^- μ^+ ν_μγ$ and $K^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_eγ$ decays, respectively.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures; computational mistake corrected, results change considerably. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1012.0147
Additional file 1 of Optimized hip–knee–ankle exoskeleton assistance at a range of walking speeds
Creators: name: Bryan, Gwendolyn M.
name: Franks, Patrick W.
name: Song, Seungmoon
name: Voloshina, Alexandra S.
name: Reyes, Ricardo
name: O’Donovan, Meghan P.
name: Gregorczyk, Karen N.
name: Collins, Steven H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Additional, supplemental information from the study. Contents include participant training protocol, torque parameterization, individual results, optimized torque value tables, torque tracking results, and an analysis of wearing a cloth mask.
Matrix shapes and calculations behind standard artificial neural networks (eLearning)
Creators: name: Post, Ger
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2023
Subjects: Modelling and simulation
Intelligent robotics

description: This educational tool developed at the University of Melbourne aims to give students a better understanding of the Python code for artificial neural networks and the matrix shapes and calculations behind that code. For each step through the artificial neural network (both the forward pass and back propagation) the corresponding code is given. Students are asked to write down for each step the dimensions of the matrix calculations, before checking their answers (correct answers are also given in this eLearning).
A survey of the sum of lognormal distribution and some recent results
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: The sum of the lognormal distributions is widely used for performance analysis in various areas, including wireless communications, free-space optical communications, finance, etc. However, the lognormal sum probability distribution function does not have a closed-form expression. In this thesis, we comprehensively survey various approximating methods of the lognormal sum and investigate some related practical applications. Based on the survey, we derive a new approximation model using the Marcum Q-function having higher accuracy than the existing approximation approach.
Архивные копии к статье "Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования"
Creators: name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Донецкий национальный медицинский университет
иностранные студенты
скандалы

description: Архивные копии к статье [Шевченко А.С. Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования // Вестник Харьковского Регионального Института Проблем Общественного Здравоохранения, №5(85). - Украина, Харьков: ХРИПОЗ, 2018. - С. 37-54]:

13. [Донецкий медицинский вуз-переселенец массово отчислил иностранных студентов // Донецкие новости, 24.05.2018. https://dnews.dn.ua/news/677239]

In English: [Donetsk Medical University-Migrant massively deducted foreign students // Donetsk News, May 24, 2018. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2652590]
Additional file 1 of The PROCEM study protocol: Added value of preoperative contrast-enhanced mammography in staging of malignant breast lesions - a prospective randomized multicenter study
Creators: name: Åhsberg, Kristina
name: Gardfjell, Anna
name: Nimeus, Emma
name: Ryden, Lisa
name: Zackrisson, Sophia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Evolution of electromagnetic and Dirac perturbations around a black hole in Horava gravity
Creators: name: Varghese, Nijo
name: Kuriakose, V C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of electromagnetic and Dirac perturbations in the spacetime geometry of Kehagias-Sfetsos(KS) black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz(HL) gravity is investigated and the associated quasinormal modes are evaluated using time domain integration and WKB methods. We find a considerable deviation in the nature of field evolution in HL theory from that in the Schwarzschild spacetime and QNMs region extends over a longer time in HL theory before the power-law tail decay begins. The dependence of the field evolution on the HL parameter $α$ are studied. In the time domain picture we find that the length of QNM region increases with $α$. But the late time decay of field follows the same power-law tail behavior as in the case of Schwarzschild black hole.
description: The article was fully rewritten, references added, to appear in MPLA
Additional file 2 of The PROCEM study protocol: Added value of preoperative contrast-enhanced mammography in staging of malignant breast lesions - a prospective randomized multicenter study
Creators: name: Åhsberg, Kristina
name: Gardfjell, Anna
name: Nimeus, Emma
name: Ryden, Lisa
name: Zackrisson, Sophia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
An investigation into the Multiple Optimised Parameter Estimation and Data compression algorithm
Creators: name: Graff, Philip
name: Hobson, Mike
name: Lasenby, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of the Multiple Optimised Parameter Estimation and Data compression algorithm (MOPED) for data compression and faster evaluation of likelihood functions. Since MOPED only guarantees maintaining the Fisher matrix of the likelihood at a chosen point, multimodal and some degenerate distributions will present a problem. We present examples of scenarios in which MOPED does faithfully represent the true likelihood but also cases in which it does not. Through these examples, we aim to define a set of criteria for which MOPED will accurately represent the likelihood and hence may be used to obtain a significant reduction in the time needed to calculate it. These criteria may involve the evaluation of the full likelihood function for comparison.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures; corrections and additions to match version published in MNRAS Letters; added reference to published version
Foundations of Black Hole Accretion Disk Theory
Creators: name: Abramowicz, Marek A.
name: Fragile, P. Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review covers the main aspects of black hole accretion disk theory. We begin with the view that one of the main goals of the theory is to better understand the nature of black holes themselves. In this light we discuss how accretion disks might reveal some of the unique signatures of strong gravity: the event horizon, the innermost stable circular orbit, and the ergosphere. We then review, from a first-principles perspective, the physical processes at play in accretion disks. This leads us to the four primary accretion disk models that we review: Polish doughnuts (thick disks), Shakura-Sunyaev (thin) disks, slim disks, and advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs). After presenting the models we discuss issues of stability, oscillations, and jets. Following our review of the analytic work, we take a parallel approach in reviewing numerical studies of black hole accretion disks. We finish with a few select applications that highlight particular astrophysical applications: measurements of black hole mass and spin, black hole vs. neutron star accretion disks, black hole accretion disk spectral states, and quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs).
description: 91 pages, 23 figures, final published version available at http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2013-1
Sex, serotonin, and adaptive responses to stress
Creators: name: Philippe, Tristan Joshua
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Few studies have explored the central mechanisms underlying sex differences in stress hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis habituation, defined as a reduction in glucocorticoid steroid hormone responsiveness to non-life-threatening stimuli repeated in a predictable manner. As serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is an important regulator of the HPA axis, the aim of this thesis was to determine how repeated stress-induced declines in HPA axis responsiveness is associated with changes in the 5-HT system. In the first study, males and females showed comparable declines in ACTH and corticosterone responses to repeated restraint, coupled to sex-specific changes in 5-HT 1A receptor mRNA levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and in the dorsal raphe nucleus, the latter representing a major source of serotonin in the central nervous system. These findings led me to hypothesize that stress habituation is met by sex differences in 5-HT 1A receptor availability and function. Subsequent studies using a challenge dose of the 5-HT 1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, suggested that stress habituation is met by an increase in the sensitivity of postsynaptic 5-HT 1A receptors in both sexes, and by an increase in the sensitivity of presynaptic 5-HT 1A receptors only in males. Considering that stress is often accompanied by 5-HT dependent thermoregulatory responses, I then discovered that restraint-induced hyperthermia declines with repeated exposure, but only in males. Based on these findings to suggest that males and females use different serotonin substrates for adapting to stress, I subsequently characterized the nature by which males and females show differential transcriptional responses in the raphe nucleus, in addition to forebrain regions targeted by the raphe-serotonin system. The results revealed completely different transcriptional profiles between males and females in the raphe nucleus, hypothalamus, and lateral septum. The nature by which these sex-specific alterations contribute or respond to stress habituation remains to be seen. Nonetheless, the current findings continue to underscore how strikingly distinct factors controlling adaptive responses in males and females may be. As stress habituation minimizes the detrimental effects of excessive glucocorticoid exposure, the overall results provide a platform for distinguishing maladaptive from adaptive responses, in addition to understanding sex differences in stress resilience and vulnerability.
Additional file 3 of The PROCEM study protocol: Added value of preoperative contrast-enhanced mammography in staging of malignant breast lesions - a prospective randomized multicenter study
Creators: name: Åhsberg, Kristina
name: Gardfjell, Anna
name: Nimeus, Emma
name: Ryden, Lisa
name: Zackrisson, Sophia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3.
Understanding the Multi-wavelength Thermal Dust Polarisation from the Orion Molecular Cloud in Light of the Radiative Torque Paradigm
Creators: name: Tram, Le Ngoc
name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Wiesemeyer, Helmut
name: Ristorcelli, Isabelle
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Ngoc, Nguyen Bich
name: Diep, Pham Ngoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust grains are important in various astrophysical processes and serve as indicators of interstellar medium structures, density, and mass. Understanding their physical properties and chemical composition is crucial in astrophysics. Dust polarisation is a valuable tool for studying these properties. The Radiative Torque (RAT) paradigm, which includes Radiative Torque Alignment (RAT-A) and Radiative Torque Disruption (RAT-D), is essential to interpret the dust polarisation data and constrain the fundamental properties of dust grains. However, it has been used primarily to interpret observations at a single wavelength. In this study, we analyse the thermal dust polarisation spectrum obtained from observations with SOFIA/HAWC+ and JCMT/POL-2 in the OMC-1 region and compare the observational data with our numerical results using the RAT paradigm. In general, we show that the dense gas exhibits a positive spectral slope, whereas the warm regions show a negative one. We demonstrate that a one-layer dust (one-phase) model can only reproduce the observed spectra at certain locations and cannot match those with prominent V-shaped spectra (for which the degree of polarisation initially decreases with wavelength from 54 to $\sim$ 300$\,μ$m and then increases at longer wavelengths). To address this, we improve our model by incorporating two dust components (warm and cold) along the line of sight, resulting in a two-phase model. This improved model successfully reproduces the V-shaped spectra. The best model corresponds to a mixture composition of silicate and carbonaceous grains in the cold medium. Finally, by assuming the plausible model of grain alignment, we infer the inclination angle of the magnetic fields in OMC-1. This approach represents an important step towards better understanding the physics of grain alignment and constraining 3D magnetic fields using dust polarisation spectra.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted to A&A
Additional file 4 of The PROCEM study protocol: Added value of preoperative contrast-enhanced mammography in staging of malignant breast lesions - a prospective randomized multicenter study
Creators: name: Åhsberg, Kristina
name: Gardfjell, Anna
name: Nimeus, Emma
name: Ryden, Lisa
name: Zackrisson, Sophia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4.
Alternative theory to ΛCDM - without the necessity of dark energy (Λ) - REV.1.5 - Photon paradox - explanation
Creators: name: Tomáš Fox
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Interpreting one of the great cosmological mysteries - how can a photon be both a wave and a particle?

New finding - we are existing in 2 independent time realities, very interesting observation
Randomisation in the Josephus Problem
Creators: name: Adiceam, Faustin
name: Robertson, Steven
name: Shirandami, Victor
name: Tsokanos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Josephus problem is a well--studied elimination problem consisting in determining the position of the survivor after repeated applications of a deterministic rule removing one person at a time from a given group.
 A natural probabilistic variant of this process is introduced in this paper. More precisely, in this variant, the survivor is determined after performing a succession of Bernouilli trials with parameter $p$ designating each time the person to remove. When the number of participants tends to infinity, the main result characterises the limit distribution of the position of the survivor with an increasing degree of precision as the parameter approaches the unbiaised case $p=1/2$. Then, the convergence rate to the position of the survivor is obtained in the form of a Central-Limit Theorem.
 A number of other variants of the suggested probabilistic elimination process are also considered. They each admit a specific limit behavior which, in most cases, is stated in the form of an open problem.
A realist evaluation of a doctoral mobility programme in Estonia
Creators: name: Kiisler, Katrin
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: academic mobility
return migration
doctoral studies
brain circulation

description: The study aims to gain a better understanding of a doctoral mobility programme “Kristjan Jaak” initiated by the Estonian government. Doctoral candidates are an increasingly international group, indispensable for both sending and receiving countries. Their mobility is essential for raising the quality of higher education in sending countries but entails a risk of brain-drain. Following the premises of a realist evaluation approach, the overarching research question of this study was “what is it in the Kristjan Jaak programme that works, for which participants, in what circumstances and why?” The data was collected using the documentary analysis, realist interviews and observation. A thematic analysis, in combination with statistical analysis, was conducted iteratively throughout the data accumulation process. The findings emphasise the importance of understanding the contextual circumstances that by activating different emotional and behavioural mechanisms lead to expected and unexpected outcomes. Five themes emerge from the analysis. First, strong professional contacts with colleagues at home before and during the studies abroad nourish the feelings of belonging and acceptance, making it the most reliable instrument to secure graduates’ return and integration. Second, lack of flexibility and consistency in requirements undermines students’ satisfaction with grant provisions and their gravitation towards home. Third, the long-term mobility programmes should aim to equip participants with knowledge, relations and skills necessary for the impact at home. Fourth, start-up and post-doc grants are weak return facilitators, although central for independence and career progress of returnees. Fifth, like-minded colleagues and resources are required to achieve professional fulfilment and impact after the return. Causal patterns behind various programme outcomes disclose more nuanced knowledge of return mobility determinants.
Planck data revisited: low-noise synchrotron polarisation maps from the WMAP and Planck space missions
Creators: name: Delabrouille, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of cosmic microwave background polarisation, essential for probing a potential phase of inflation in the early universe, suffer from contamination by polarised emission from the Galactic interstellar medium. This work combines existing observations from the WMAP and Planck space missions to make a low-noise map of polarised synchrotron emission that can be used to clean forthcoming CMB observations. We combine WMAP K, Ka and Q maps with Planck LFI 30~GHz and 44~GHz maps using weights that near-optimally combine the observations as a function of sky direction, angular scale, and polarisation orientation. We publish well-characterised maps of synchrotron Q and U Stokes parameters at nu = 30GHz and 1 degree angular resolution. A statistical description of uncertainties is provided with Monte-Carlo simulations of additive and multiplicative errors. Our maps are the most sensitive full-sky maps of synchrotron polarisation to date, and are made available to the scientific community on a dedicated web site.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, submitted to A&A