cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inverse Initial Boundary Value Problem for a Non-linear Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation
Creators: name: Nakamura, Gen
name: Vashisth, Manmohan
name: Watanabe, Michiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we are concerned with an inverse initial boundary value problem for a non-linear wave equation in space dimension $n\geq 2$. In particular we consider the so called interior determination problem. This non-linear wave equation has a trivial solution, i.e. zero solution. By linearizing this equation at the trivial solution, we have the usual linear wave equation with a time independent potential. For any small solution $u=u(t,x)$ of this non-linear equation, it is the perturbation of linear wave equation with time-independent potential perturbed by a divergence with respect to $(t,x)$ of a vector whose components are quadratics with respect to $\nabla_{t,x} u(t,x)$. By ignoring the terms with smallness $O(|\nabla_{t,x} u(t,x)|^3)$, we will show that we can uniquely determine the potential and the coefficients of these quadratics by many boundary measurements at the boundary of the spacial domain over finite time interval and the final overdetermination at $t=T$. In other words, the measurement is given by the so-called the input-output map (see (1.5)).
Detecting subtle effects of persistence in the stock market dynamics
Creators: name: Rak, R.
name: Drozdz, S.
name: Kwapien, J.
name: Oswiecimka, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The conventional formal tool to detect effects of the financial persistence is in terms of the Hurst exponent. A typical corresponding result is that its value comes out close to 0.5, as characteristic for geometric Brownian motion, with at most small departures from this value in either direction depending on the market and on the time scales involved. We study the high frequency price changes on the American and on the German stock markets. For both corresponding indices, the Dow Jones and the DAX respectively, the Hurst exponent analysis results in values close to 0.5. However, by decomposing the market dynamics into pairs of steps such that an elementary move up (down) is followed by another move up (down) and explicitly counting the resulting conditional probabilities we find values typically close to 60%. This effect of persistence is particularly visible on the short time scales ranging from 1 up to 3 minutes, decreasing gradually to 50% and even significantly below this value on the larger time scales. We also detect some asymmetry in persistence related to the moves up and down, respectively. This indicates a subtle nature of the financial persistence whose characteristics escape detection within the conventional Hurst exponent formalism.
description: Presented at Symposium on Econo- and Sociophysics, Warsaw, November 19-20, 2004. To appear in Acta Physica Polonica B
Stabilizing multiple topological fermions on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Koh, Jin Ming
name: Tai, Tommy
name: Phee, Yong Han
name: Ng, Wei En
name: Lee, Ching Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical and single-particle settings, non-trivial band topology always gives rise to robust boundary modes. For quantum many-body systems, however, multiple topological fermions are not always able to coexist, since Pauli exclusion prevents additional fermions from occupying the limited number of available topological modes. In this work, we show, through IBM quantum computers, how one can robustly stabilize more fermions than the number of topological modes through specially designed 2-fermion interactions. Our demonstration hinges on the realization of BDI- and D-class topological Hamiltonians of unprecedented complexity on transmon-based quantum hardware, and crucially relied on tensor network-aided circuit recompilation approaches beyond conventional trotterization. We also achieved the full reconstruction of multiple-fermion topological band structures through iterative quantum phase estimation (IQPE). All in all, our work showcases how advances in quantum algorithm implementation enables NISQ-era quantum computers to be exploited for topological stabilization beyond the context of single-particle topological invariants.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 14 pages appendix
Pristinochterus Yao, Cai & Ren 2007
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Pristinochterus

description: Genus Ƭ Pristinochterus Yao, Cai & Ren, 2007
 Pristinochterus Yao, Cai & Ren, 2007: 827 –830 (key to genera, original description, differential table). Type species: Pristinochterus zhangi Yao, Cai & Ren, 2007, by original designation.
 Pristinochterus: YAO et al. (2011):590, 592–593,597–598 (key to genera, revision, phylogeny).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Can lightning be a noise source for a spherical gravitational wave antenna?
Creators: name: Magalhaes, Nadja S.
name: Marinho, Rubem M.
name: Aguiar, Odylio D.
name: Frajuca, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves is a very active research field at the moment. In Brazil the gravitational wave detector is called Mario SCHENBERG. Due to its high sensitivity it is necessary to model mathematically all known noise sources so that digital filters can be developed that maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. One of the noise sources that must be considered are the disturbances caused by electromagnetic pulses due to lightning close to the experiment. Such disturbances may influence the vibrations of the antenna's normal modes and mask possible gravitational wave signals. In this work we model the interaction between lightning and SCHENBERG antenna and calculate the intensity of the noise due to a close lightning stroke in the detected signal. We find that the noise generated does not disturb the experiment significantly.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
CHANGES IN THE U.S. DEMAND FOR SUGAR AND IMPLICATIONS FOR IMPORT POLICIES
Creators: name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Sepulveda, Jorge L.
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Sepulveda, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: The thrust of this paper is to identify and measure structural changes in the U.S. demand for sugar and to derive subsequent implications for import restriction policies. Empirical results indicate that changes in consumer preferences and the availability of closer and cheaper sweeteners in food processing, especially high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), are exerting a downward pressure on sugar demand. As the U.S. demand for sugar decreases and the food industry adjusts faster to sweetener choices, the U.S. government would have to impose more restrictive import barriers to maintain prices to domestic sugar and HFCS producers. Furthermore, the welfare impact of U.S. sugar policy options on domestic consumers and food processors will be lessened.
Additional file 6 of Neospora caninum infection induces an isolate virulence-dependent pro-inflammatory gene expression profile in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages
Creators: name: García-Sánchez, Marta
name: Jiménez-Pelayo, Laura
name: Horcajo, Pilar
name: Collantes-Fernández, Esther
name: Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
name: Regidor-Cerrillo, Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S11. Biological processes enriched from differentially expressed genes in MØ1H-MØC, MØ7-MØC, and MØHK-MØC comparisons.
Supersolid edge and bulk phases of a dipolar quantum gas in a box
Creators: name: Roccuzzo, S. M.
name: Stringari, S.
name: Recati, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the novel density distributions acquired by a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensed gas confined in a box potential, with special focus on the effects of supersolidity. Differently from the case of harmonic trapping, the ground state density reveals a strong depletion in the bulk region and an accumulation of atoms near the walls, well separated from the bulk, as a consequence of the competition between the attractive and the repulsive nature of the dipolar force. In a quasi two-dimensional geometry characterized by cylindrical box trapping, we observe the emergence of a ring-like configuration near the boundary of the box, reveling peculiar supersolid and crystal effects in a useful range of parameters. In the case of square box trapping the density oscillations along the edges, caused by the enhanced accumulation of atoms near the vertices, exhibit interesting analogies with the case of box trapped one dimensional configurations. For sufficiently large values of the atom number also the bulk region can exhibit supersolidity, the resulting geometry reflecting the symmetry of the confining potential even for large systems.
Ḥumšā, ein hebräisches Lehnwort im Syrischen
Creators: name: Degen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Fibre-based inelastic microspectroscopy - towards Brillouin endoscopy
Creators: name: Xiang, Yuchen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: A major incentive of modern bio-imaging is to make use of optically sensitive properties to accurately diagnose diseases that are usually life threatening. A key technological advancement in recent years is the emergence of hyperspectral imaging, which intelligently combines spectroscopy with conventional imaging. In turn, information from the images is diversified and enhanced, which is enabled by more biologically sensitive and specific contrast mechanisms. Amongst the newly available avenues of contrast, imaging with Brillouin spectroscopy, is uniquely promising for its ability to yield mechanically-specific information in a non-contact manner. While the possibilities are numerous, this work considers specifically the feasibility of constructing an endoscopic probe for \emph{in vivo} detection of cardiovascular diseases using fibre-based Brillouin instrumentation. After summarising the main design challenges, it was deduced that the main obstacle was the fibre-induced background. Two proof-of-concept designs were thus presented experimentally, which explored options with and without additional filtering, preliminary results were obtained from common liquids in both cases. The first kind of design was preferable for its intrinsically high collection efficiency. The requirement of extensive filtering, however, was undesirable and the device was ultimately observed to be severely limited by the SNR, due to a combination of residual background noise and lossy fibre optical components. The second type of design did not require additional filtering in contrast and registered good signal levels in a range of liquids remotely. This, however, was only facilitated by the increase in acquisition time, which was deemed infeasible for \emph{in vivo} applications and no further improvement was viable due to the intrinsically lossy off-axis collection geometry. While novel optical solutions exist, which demand specialised facilities, the attention was shifted towards software-based techniques for SNR optimisation. Namely, two reconstruction algorithms - using maximum entropy and wavelet analysis, were investigated and demonstrated good ability in denoising the spectra. This enabled the superior estimation of more accurate Brillouin parameters through noise. Finally, the outlook of \emph{in vivo} HS imaging was explored with the implementation of various multivariate algorithms to form images of Adipocyte cells, the results prove these methods to be faster, more accurate and more noise-resilient.
Continuous Variable Solution for Byzantine Agreement
Creators: name: Neigovzen, Rodion
name: Sanpera, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the Byzantine Agreement Problem (BAP) in its weaker version with detectable broadcast, can be solved using continuous variables Gaussian states with Gaussian operations. The protocol uses genuine tripartite symmetric entanglement, but differs from protocols proposed for qutrits or qubits. Contrary to the quantum key distribution (QKD) which is possible with all Gaussian states, for the BAP entanglement is needed, but not all tripartite entangled symmetric states can be used to solve the problem.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 8 of Neospora caninum infection induces an isolate virulence-dependent pro-inflammatory gene expression profile in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages
Creators: name: García-Sánchez, Marta
name: Jiménez-Pelayo, Laura
name: Horcajo, Pilar
name: Collantes-Fernández, Esther
name: Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
name: Regidor-Cerrillo, Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S1. Transcriptomic validation of RNA-seq analysis by RT-qPCR.
Renormalization group study of superfluid phase transition: effect of compressibility
Creators: name: Dančo, Michal
name: Hnatič, Michal
name: Lučivjanský, Tomáš
name: Mižišin, Lukáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic critical behavior in superfluid systems is considered in a presence of external stirring and advecting processes. The latter are generated by means of the Gaussian random velocity ensemble with white-noise character in time variable and self-similar spatial dependence. The main focus of this work is to analyze an effect of compressible modes on the critical behavior. The model is formulated through stochastic Langevin equations, which are then recast into Janssen-De Dominicis response formalism. Employing the field-theoretic perturbative renormalization group method we analyze large-scale properties of the model. Explicit calculations are performed to the leading one-loop approximation in the double $(\varepsilon, y)$ expansion scheme, where $\varepsilon$ is a deviation from the upper critical dimension $d_c = 4$ and $y$ describes a scaling properties of the velocity ensemble. Altogether five distinct universality classes are expected to be macroscopically observable. In contrast to the incompressible case, we found that compressibility leads to an enhancement and stabilization of non-trivial asymptotic regimes.
description: 18 pages, 7 Figures
Retrieval of Daytime Total Column Water Vapour from OLCI Measurements over Land Surfaces
Creators: name: Preusker, René
name: Carbajal Henken, Cintia
name: Fischer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: OLCI
subject: Sentinel-3
subject: total column water vapour
subject: retrieval algorithm
subject: validation
subject: AERONET
subject: ARM
subject: GNSS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: A new retrieval of total column water vapour (TCWV) from daytime measurements over land of the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) on-board the Copernicus Sentinel-3 missions is presented. The Copernicus Sentinel-3 OLCI Water Vapour product (COWa) retrieval algorithm is based on the differential absorption technique, relating TCWV to the radiance ratio of non-absorbing band and nearby water vapour absorbing band and was previously also successfully applied to other passive imagers Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). One of the main advantages of the OLCI instrument regarding improved TCWV retrievals lies in the use of more than one absorbing band. Furthermore, the COWa retrieval algorithm is based on the full Optimal Estimation (OE) method, providing pixel-based uncertainty estimates, and transferable to other Near-Infrared (NIR) based TCWV observations. Three independent global TCWV data sets, i.e., Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) and U.S. SuomiNet, and a German Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) TCWV data set, all obtained from ground-based observations, serve as reference data sets for the validation. Comparisons show an overall good agreement, with absolute biases between 0.07 and 1.31 kg/m2 and root mean square errors (RMSE) between 1.35 and 3.26 kg/m2. This is a clear improvement in comparison to the operational OLCI TCWV Level 2 product, for which the bias and RMSEs range between 1.10 and 2.55 kg/m2 and 2.08 and 3.70 kg/m2, respectively. A first evaluation of pixel-based uncertainties indicates good estimated uncertainties for lower retrieval errors, while the uncertainties seem to be overestimated for higher retrieval errors.
Origin of second-harmonic generation in the incommensurate phase of K2SeO4
Creators: name: Aslanyan, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a ferroelectric phase transition takes place in the incommensurate phase of the K2SeO4 crystal. The ferroelectric character of the IC phase explains the second-harmonic generation observed in the corresponding temperature range.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
AGU 2023 Pre-Conference Workshop - Getting Started with NASA Earth Science Data: From Beginners to Experts (#193391)
Creators: name: Acker, James
name: Battisto, Christopher
name: Brennan, Jennifer
name: Joyner, Elizabeth R.
name: KC, Binita
name: Lind, Bri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Sunday, 10 December 2023: 08:00 - 15:00 PST 
Moscone Center, 3005 - West
This workshop strives to demystify NASA Earth data, services, and tools for data users who are new to NASA data by showcasing commonly used data discovery, access, and application tools for researchers.  The instruction and scaffolded/supported practice will offer 30 participants access to NASA subject matter experts (SME) who will provide strategies for finding and accessing freely open and available NASA Earth science data to help promote interdisciplinary research. Workshop facilitators span from across NASA's Earth Science Data Systems, Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS) Project, and Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). Together the SMEs will model strategies for accessing and downloading Earth observation data, including Earthdata in the cloud and facilitate learning with participants by providing dedicated time to access data and practice using popular tools and techniques. Tools such as Giovanni, Appears, Earthdata Search, and others will be featured.  In an effort to better understand the needs of this user group a pre/post survey will be conducted. This will help to better meet the needs of the participants' with respect to skills, interests, datasets, and research domains.
description: Agenda (Subject to Change)
8-8:30 AM

Welcome & Audience IntroOverview of the Day
Review the Zenodo/Github Site, Survey Results
8:30- 9:30 AM

Welcome to NASA Earth Science Data

Introduction to different types of data
How to think about Remote Sensing Data & How to Apply it to Different Problems
User Journey Continued…
Tips & Tricks for Finding Data that you Need:

Pathfinders
Time to explore
9:30-10 AM

Introduction to NASA Worldview(?)

Use Case Example, Event-based Search
Introduction to Earthdata Search

Keywords Viewer
Time to explore these (Specific Use case provided)
10-10:45 AM

Intro to APPeears
Digging Deeper: Appeears (On your own/Facilitated)
10:45-11AM

Break
11-12PM

Survey of Common Tools:
Intro to Giovanni
Digging Deeper: Giovanni (On your own/Facilitated)
12-1PM

Lunch (on your own)
1-2PM

Single Point Time Series: Introduction to Cloud Computing
Digging Deeper (On your own/Facilitated)
2-3PM

Overview of Earthdata Forum
Overview of NASA Resources for Supporting Users back at Home
Q&A/Share out/Survey
Distribute Certificates
3PM

Adjourn
INFORMATION VALUE IN WEED MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Gillmeister, William J.
name: Moffitt, L. Joe
name: Bhowmik, Prasanta C.
name: Allen, P. Geoffrey
name: Gillmeister, William J.
name: Moffitt, L. Joe
name: Bhowmik, Prasanta C.
name: Allen, P. Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Use of the economic threshold to improve the efficiency of preemergent-herbicide treatment decisions is limited by a lack of weed information. An economic model for assessing the expected value of weed information needed to implement a threshold decision rule is developed. Empirical results suggest that early season weed information can have value in cabbage weed management in Massachusetts.
title: Voyager 7 Tomcat WebVoyage interface for dummies or: what will it take to customize our new user interface and remain sane?
Creators: name: Guy, Laura
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Voyager
subject: Integrated library systems (Computer systems)
subject: Libraries

description: Presented at the May 2011 meeting of the Ex Libris Users of North America Conference held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Non-Markovian decoherence dynamics of the hybrid quantum system with a cavity strongly coupling to a spin ensemble: a master equation approach
Creators: name: Chaing, Kai-Ting
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the recent experiments on the hybrid quantum system of a superconducting microwave cavity coupling strongly to an inhomogeneous broadening spin ensemble under an external driving field, we use the exact master equation approach to investigate its non-Markovian decoherence dynamics. Here the spin ensemble is made by negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in diamond. Our exact master equation theory for open systems depicts the experimental decoherence results and reveals the mechanism how the decoherence induced by the inhomogeneous broadening is suppressed in the strong-coupling regime. Moreover, we show how the spectral hole burning generates localized states to further suppress the cavity decoherence. We also investigate the two-time correlations in this system to further show how quantum fluctuations manifest quantum memory.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
A MARKOV CHAIN ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE TEXAS HIGH PLAINS COTTON GINNING INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Roy, Sujit K.
name: Myers, David W.
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Roy, Sujit K.
name: Myers, David W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Markov chain analysis of changes in the number and size of cotton gin firms in West Texas was conducted assuming stationary and non-stationary transition probabilities. Projections of industry structure were made to 1999 with stationary probability assumptions and six sets of assumed conditions for labor and energy costs and technological change in the non-stationary transition model. Results indicate a continued decline in number of firms, but labor, energy, and technology conditions alter the configuration of the structural changes.
Sharing the wealth : democracy, globalization, and redistribution
Creators: name: Norris, Alex C.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Democracy
Globalization
Redistribution
Inequality
Autocracy

description: We have theoretical and empirical reasons to expect both democratic government and globalization to affect redistribution, and, in the post-Breton Woods era, both the extent of trade and the number of democracies have increased. Using data on government social spending, I test whether there is an interactive effect of democracy and trade on social spending. I find that “full democracies,” as defined by Albertus and Menaldo have greater social spending than either autocracies or gamed democracies when trade is low. When trade is high, this difference disappears. I conclude with some discussion of improving the use of multilevel models to make my results more precise and estimate full random-slope models.
title: Cruise Results: NOAA Ship Pisces, Cruise No. HB 24-06, Fall Northeast Ecosystem Monitoring Survey
Creators: name: Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02nc0ck44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: The principal objective of this survey was to assess the pelagic components of the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf Ecosystem from water currents to plankton, pelagic fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds.
Physics of virus transmission by speaking droplets
Creators: name: Netz, Roland
name: Eaton, William A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: virus transmission
subject: speaking droplets
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: To make the physics of person-to-person virus transmission from emitted droplets of oral fluid while speaking easily understood, we present simple and transparent algebraic equations that capture the essential physics of the problem. Calculations with these equations provide a straightforward way of determining whether emitted droplets remain airborne or rapidly fall to the ground, after accounting for the decrease in droplet size from water evaporation. At a relative humidity of 50%, for example, droplets with initial radii larger than about 50 μm rapidly fall to the ground, while smaller, potentially virus-containing droplets shrink in size from water evaporation and remain airborne for many minutes. Estimates of airborne virion emission rates while speaking strongly support the proposal that mouth coverings can help contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
Novel Inertial Self-Assembly Dynamics and Long-Range Spatial Ordering of Interacting Droplet Ensembles in Confined Microfluidic Flows
Creators: name: Jing, Wenyang
name: Han, Hee-Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiphase flow of droplets is widespread, both at the industrial and the microscale, for both biological and non-biological applications alike. But the ensemble interactions of such systems are inherently nonlinear and complex, compounded by interfacial effects, making it a difficult many-body problem for theory. In comparison, the self-assembly dynamics of solid particles in flow have long been described and successfully exploited in the field of inertial microfluidics, where particle crystals can be realized from inertial forces and hydrodynamic interactions. Here, we report novel self-assembly dynamics of liquid drops in confined microfluidic channels that contrast starkly with the established paradigm of inertial microfluidics: higher inertia leads to better spatial ordering. Instead, we find that the conventional straight wall channel geometry not only fails to achieve regular spatial ordering for drops but actually exacerbates it with increasing inertia. Conversely, an asymmetric serpentine geometry is able to achieve long-range, periodic spatial ordering over length scales that are at least 3 orders of magnitude greater than the drop diameter, particularly at low inertia. Experimentally, we are able to decouple droplet generation from ordering, enabling independent variation of number density, confinement, inertia, and surfactant concentration. We find the inertia-dependent emergence of preferred drop separations and show for the first time that Marangoni effects can influence the longitudinal ordering of multidrop arrays. These results present a largely unexplored direction for inertial microfluidics but also show the potential of its unification with droplet microfluidics. In particular, the utility of passively restoring uniform drop spacing on-chip is a key requirement for the streamlined integration of incubation and drop-by-drop interrogation capabilities.
description: Anal Chem 2022
Additional file 2 of Factors influencing utilization of skilled birth attendant during childbirth in the Southern highlands, Tanzania: a multilevel analysis
Creators: name: Damian, Damian J.
name: Judges Y. Tibelerwa
name: John, Beatrice
name: Philemon, Rune
name: Mahande, Michael J.
name: Msuya, Sia E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2 Reproductive health factors influencing utilization of skilled births attendants during delivery (N = 1777).
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND THE PRODUCTIVITY SLOWDOWN IN FIELD CROPS: UNITED STATES, 1939-78
Creators: name: Thirtle, Colin G.
name: Thirtle, Colin G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: In the past four decades, productivity in United States field crops has been transformed by the mechanical and fertilizer revolutions. Since input data are typically not available by crop, most investigators of productivity have been at the aggregate level. This paper developps a simultaneous equation, partial adjustment model of the demand of inputs, which generates estimates of the technical change parameters for wheat, corn, soybeans, and cotton. These estimates allow comparisons of the factor saving biases in technical change, leading to a novel test of the induced innovation hypothesis and the suggestion that the productivity slowdown may yet affect agriculture in the United States.
SEP_Shedding Light on Proton and Electron Dynamics in [FeFe] Hydrogenases
Creators: name: Lorent, Christian
name: Katz, Sagie
name: Duan, Jifu
name: Kulka, Catharina Julia
name: Caserta, Giorgio
name: Teutloff, Christian
name: Yadav, Shanika
name: Apfel, Ulf-Peter
name: Winkler, Martin
name: Happe, Thomas
name: Horch, Marius
name: Zebger, Ingo
name: Horch, Marius
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: [FeFe] Hydrogenase
subject: catalysts
subject: reversible dihydrogen evolution
subject: cryogenic infrared spectroscopy
subject: electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: [FeFe] hydrogenases are highly efficient catalysts for reversible dihydrogen evolution. H2 turnover involves different catalytic intermediates including a recently characterized hydride state of the active site (H-cluster). Applying cryogenic infrared and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to an [FeFe] model hydrogenase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrHydA1), we have discovered two new hydride intermediates and spectroscopic evidence for a bridging CO ligand in two reduced H-cluster states. Our study provides novel insights into these key intermediates, their relevance for the catalytic cycle of [FeFe] hydrogenase, and novel strategies for exploring these aspects in detail.
Zur syrischen Übersetzung der Aphorismen des Hippokrates
Creators: name: Degen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Using an Automated Heterogeneous Robotic System for Radiation Surveys
Creators: name: Gabrlik, Petr
name: Lazna, Tomas
name: Jilek, Tomas
name: Sladek, Petr
name: Zalud, Ludek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During missions involving radiation exposure, unmanned robotic platforms may embody a valuable tool, especially thanks to their capability of replacing human operators in certain tasks to eliminate the health risks associated with such an environment. Moreover, rapid development of the technology allows us to increase the automation rate, making the human operator generally less important within the entire process. This article presents a multi-robotic system designed for highly automated radiation mapping and source localization. Our approach includes a three-phase procedure comprising sequential deployment of two diverse platforms, namely, an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), to perform aerial photogrammetry, aerial radiation mapping, and terrestrial radiation mapping. The central idea is to produce a sparse dose rate map of the entire study site via the UAS and, subsequently, to perform detailed UGV-based mapping in limited radiation-contaminated regions. To accomplish these tasks, we designed numerous methods and data processing algorithms to facilitate, for example, digital elevation model (DEM)-based terrain following for the UAS, automatic selection of the regions of interest, obstacle map-based UGV trajectory planning, and source localization. The overall usability of the multi-robotic system was demonstrated by means of a one-day, authentic experiment, namely, a fictitious car accident including the loss of several radiation sources. The ability of the system to localize radiation hotspots and individual sources has been verified.
description: 32 pages, 31 figures; preprint under review
Analysis of transport phenomena in a combusting sulfide particle cloud : with implications to the flash smelting of high-grade copper concentrates
Creators: name: Caffery, Grant A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: High-grade copper concentrates are becoming increasingly important as feed materials for flash smelting furnaces. Escondida concentrate from Chile is one of the most important of these high-grade concentrates. When smelting concentrate blends with Escondida loadings in excess of approximately 20 wt-%, BHP's San Manuel furnace observed unreacted concentrate accumulating at the bottom of the reaction shaft. This limited the quantity of Escondida concentrate that could be smelted by the furnace and therefore increased its treatment costs. The objective of this project was to suggest operational improvements to optimise furnace performance at high Escondida loadings by gaining an understanding of the influence of high-grade concentrate on the flash smelting behaviour of concentrate blends. This objective was achieved by conducting experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies on the flash smelting process. Results from the experimental study show that sulfide flash smelting can be described using group combustion theory. Furthermore results suggest addition of highgrade concentrate to the blend reduces the oxygen-to-concentrate ratio and increases the oxygen enrichment. This lowers the heat transfer effectiveness factor of the particles within the'cloud and the burner exit velocity, in turn reducing the cloud heat transfer coefficient. The lower rate of heat transfer to the particles increases the distance required for them to reach their ignition temperature. At some Escondida loading, the heat-up time of the particles becomes so large that there is insufficient residence time for particles to react with the available oxygen, leading to the observed operational problems. To overcome these problems requires that the heat transfer characteristics of the concentrate burner be improved. Therefore experimental and CFD studies were conducted to compare the performance of a swirl burner to a bluff-body burner. The bluff-body burner was used to approximate the concentrate burner used in industry. Some differences between the bluff-body burner investigated in this study and the industrial concentrate burner may cause the observed results for the bluff-body burner to differ from those of the industrial concentrate burners. It was found that the swirl burner gives superior performance to the bluff body burner due to two effects: 1) formation of an internal re-circulation zone which transfers heat from the combustion zone to the fresh mixture, increasing the heat transfer rate to the concentrate particles; and 2) reduction of the volume of the stagnant zone within the shaft, increasing the average particle residence time.
AGRIBUSINESS SIMULATORS FOR MANAGEMENT TRAINING
Creators: name: Babb, Emerson M.
name: Babb, Emerson M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper describes four agribusiness simulators which can be processed on a microcomputer for use in undergraduate and extension teaching. The simulators model the environment in which supermarket chains, farm supply centers, and cooperative and proprietary grain elevators compete for business. Instruction manuals, user's manuals, and a diskette are distributed for each simulator. Each diskette contains programs to enter and edit team decisions, to process decisions and print reports, and to create graphs of team performance. The simulators can be used to teach financial management concepts and techniques, as well as economic principles.
The core of the Canis Major galaxy as traced by Red Clump stars
Creators: name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Ibata, R.
name: Martin, N.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Conn, B.
name: Irwin, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently-discovered stellar system in Canis Major is analysed using He-burning Red Clump stars as tracers. Canis Major turns out to be the strongest and most spatially confined overdensity of the whole Galactic Disc, both in terms of number density and of statistical significance. When projected onto the Galactic Plane, it appears as an elongated and compact overdensity extending from l ~ 200 to l ~ 280 with a roundish core toward l ~ 240. We find that the main body of the system has an integrated absolute magnitude M_V=-14.4 +/- 0.8, a central surface brightness μ_{V,0} = 24.0 +/- 0.6 mag/arcsec^2 and a line-of-sight profile peaked at D_{sun}=7.2 +/- 1.0 kpc with Half Width at Half Maximum ~ 2.0 kpc, in excellent agreement with the results obtained with widely different tracers (M giants and Main Sequence stars) in previous analyses. The mean distance to the main body of Canis Major is observed to increase with increasing Galactic longitude, from D_{sun} ~ 6.3 kpc at l ~ 225, to D_{sun} ~ 9.3 kpc at l ~ 265, in good agreement with the predictions of our more recent N-body simulation that models CMa as a dwarf galaxy being accreted in a planar orbit onto the disc of the Milky Way. We confirm that the Canis Major system has all the characteristics of the relic of a dwarf galaxy seen on top of a large-scale overdensity that we detect all over the third and fourth Galactic quadrants (180 -5) that is identified as the stellar component of the southern Galactic Warp... (Abridged)....
description: Largely revised version, including new results. 12 pages, 17 .ps figure. Color figures. Low resolution versions of the figures are provided for figs. 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 11 and A1. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Spectroscopic investigations under whole-cell conditions provide new insight into the metal hydride chemistry of [FeFe]-hydrogenase
Creators: name: Mészáros, Lívia S.
name: Ceccaldi, Pierre
name: Lorenzi, Marco
name: Redman, Holly J.
name: Pfitzner, Emanuel
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Senger, Moritz
name: Stripp, Sven T.
name: Berggren, Gustav
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: [FeFe]-hydrogenase
subject: H2 evolving catalysts
subject: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
subject: whole-cell electron paramagnetic resonance
subject: Fourier-transform Infrared difference spectroscopy
subject: scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Hydrogenases are among the fastest H2 evolving catalysts known to date and have been extensively studied under in vitro conditions. Here, we report the first mechanistic investigation of an [FeFe]-hydrogenase under whole-cell conditions. Functional [FeFe]-hydrogenase from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is generated in genetically modified Escherichia coli cells by addition of a synthetic cofactor to the growth medium. The assembly and reactivity of the resulting semi-synthetic enzyme was monitored using whole-cell electron paramagnetic resonance and Fourier-transform Infrared difference spectroscopy as well as scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy. Through a combination of gas treatments, pH titrations, and isotope editing we were able to corroborate the formation of a number of proposed catalytic intermediates in living cells, supporting their physiological relevance. Moreover, a previously incompletely characterized catalytic intermediate is reported herein, attributed to the formation of a protonated metal hydride species.
Additional file 3 of Factors influencing utilization of skilled birth attendant during childbirth in the Southern highlands, Tanzania: a multilevel analysis
Creators: name: Damian, Damian J.
name: Judges Y. Tibelerwa
name: John, Beatrice
name: Philemon, Rune
name: Mahande, Michael J.
name: Msuya, Sia E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3. Questionnaire.
A STOCHASTIC PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS OF THE FARM LEVEL IMPLICATIONS OF SOIL EROSION CONTROL
Creators: name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Kramer, Randall A.
name: Taylor, Daniel B.
name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Kramer, Randall A.
name: Taylor, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This paper analyzes the effects of uncertain soil loss in farm planning models. A disaggregated approach was used because of an interest in examining the impact of probabilistic soil loss constraints on farm level decision-making. A stochastic programming model was used to consider different levels of probability of soil loss. Traditional methods of analysis are shown to consistently overestimate net returns.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGERIAL HEURISTICS AND ECONOMICS IN PRICING RETAIL MEATS
Creators: name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Robbins, Lynn W.
name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Robbins, Lynn W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study develops a theoretical model of the multiproduct firm which allows for imperfect competition in the output market. Hypotheses are tested for retail meat prices concerning the degree and speed of price transmission, the effects of interfirm competition, and the interrelationship between prices within the store. Empirical results indicated that meat prices within a store were highly interrelated. Further, the firm was found to be very responsive to prices of competitors in the short run, but more responsive to wholesale price changes in the long run.
Experimental high-dimensional Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement with superconducting transmon qutrits
Creators: name: Cervera-Lierta, Alba
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
name: Galda, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite entanglement is one of the core concepts in quantum information science with broad applications that span from condensed matter physics to quantum physics foundations tests. Although its most studied and tested forms encompass two-dimensional systems, current quantum platforms technically allow the manipulation of additional quantum levels. We report the experimental demonstration and certification of a high-dimensional multipartite entangled state in a superconducting quantum processor. We generate the three-qutrit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state by designing the necessary pulses to perform high-dimensional quantum operations. We obtain the fidelity of $76\pm 1\%$, proving the generation of a genuine three-partite and three-dimensional entangled state. To this date, only photonic devices have been able to create and certify the entanglement of these high-dimensional states. Our work demonstrates that another platform, superconducting systems, is ready to exploit genuine high-dimensional entanglement and that a programmable quantum device accessed on the cloud can be used to design and execute experiments beyond binary quantum computation.
description: 6 pages + 7 supplementary information, 3 + 3 figures, 1 + 3 tables
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC EMERGENCY LOAN ALLOCATIONS AND CREDIT MARKET EXPANSION
Creators: name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Smathers, Webb M.
name: Ingram, Michael C.
name: Dubman, Robert W.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Smathers, Webb M.
name: Ingram, Michael C.
name: Dubman, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The Economic Emergency (EE) loan program, administered by the FmHA, was created by Congress in 1978. The primary purpose of the program was to provide credit to farmers who were unable to obtain credit from normal lenders due to economic stress. Over six billion dollars of EE loans were extended nationally during fiscal years 1978 through 1981. This paper examines the allocation of EE loans at the state level and the expansionary effect of the program on farm credit markets. Empirical evidence is provided that EE funds were allocated to states consistently with the general criteria cited in the development of the EE program and that the EE program expanded farm credit markets rather than displacing loans from other sources.