cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
All the Stationary Vacuum States of De Sitter Space
Creators: name: Parikh, Maulik
name: Samantray, Prasant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain all the stationary vacua of de Sitter space by classifying the inequivalent timelike isometries of the de Sitter group. Besides the static vacuum, de Sitter space also admits a family of rotating vacua, which we use to obtain Kerr-de Sitter solutions in various dimensions. By writing the metric in a coordinate system adapted to the rotating Hamiltonian, we show that empty de Sitter space admits not only an observer-dependent horizon but also an observer-dependent ergosphere.
description: 12 pages
Nearby sources in the transition region between Galactic and Extragalactic cosmic rays
Creators: name: Sveshnikova, L. G.
name: Korosteleva, E. E.
name: Kuzmichev, L. A.
name: Prosin, V. A.
name: Ptuskin, V. S.
name: Strelnikova, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a probable interpretation of a remarkable fine structure of all particle spectra between the knee and the ankle, as well as a high content of heavy nuclei around 10^17 eV measured recently in Tunka-133 and KASCADE Grande experiments, is presented in the model where production of cosmic rays in Type Ia SNRs provides observed cosmic rays (CR) flux around the knee. Subtracting the contribution of these sources from all particle spectrum we obtained the residual flux of CR in the transition region between Galactic and Extragalactic CR in the range 10^17-5 10^18 eV. The obtained spectrum also has a pronounced knee at energy (2-3)10^17 eV and slopes g1 ~ 1.8+-0.3 below it and g2 ~3.4 above it. We analyzed the possible contribution from known Galactic sources and found that formally the best candidate to contribute significantly to the transition region is Cas A. This source posses a number of unusual properties and considered as Type IIb SNR. However we showed that the hypothesis of extragalactic origin of CR starting from 10^17 eV seems more realistic.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Euphorbia seguieriana Necker
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: E. Seguieriana Necker (E. Gerardiana Jacq.) Cat.315. l: Gueuroz (Closuit); Bahnhof Les Marécottes (J.); Bahnhof Finhaut (Coquoz). - 2: Chamoson (J.); Conthey (J.); Niedergesteln-Raron (P.); westlich der Seilbahn Naters-Birgisch, Steilhang ob der Lötschbergbahn (Seitter). - 3: Sembrancher-Champsec (J.); Nendaz (J.); Val d'Herens bis Evolène (J.); Briex-Chippis (J.); Stalden-Kalpetran (Huber, Becherer). - 4: Termen-Bitsch (Becherer); Binneggen (Schmid). Var. multicaulis (Thuillier) Schinz et Thell. - 2: Rhonedämme unterhalb Branson und Fully (Gams). - 3: Rhoneufer bei Charrat (Thellung); unter Isérables (Wilczek). Var. Neilreichii Wilczek- 2: Varen (Jaquet); Leuk (Wilczek). - 3: Riddes-Isérables (Wilczek). Var. minor (Duby) Wilczek- 3: Ob Saxon (F.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Rausch- und Transportmessungen an Einzel- und Doppelquantenpunkten
Creators: name: Kühne, Jan Klaus
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: quantum dot
subject: shot noise
subject: Fermi-edge-singularity
subject: double quantum dots
subject: Quantenpunkt
subject: Magnetotransport
subject: Schrotrauschen
subject: Fermikantensingularität
subject: Doppelquantenpunkte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: In dieser Arbeit wird das resonante Tunneln durch selbstorganisierte InAs Quantenpunkte auf seine Transport- und Rauscheigenschaften untersucht. Wechselwirkungseffekte, wie die Coulomb-Blockade oder die Fermikantensingularität können den elektrischen Transport in solchen Systemen beeinflussen. Diese Effekte werden mit Hilfe von temperaturabhängigen Messungen und ihrem Einfluss auf das Schrotrauschen erforscht. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Zuleitungen der Quantenpunkte die Vielteilchenwechselwirkung beeinflusst. Bei Änderung der Spannungsrichtung zeigen die untersuchten Proben deutliche Unterschiede im Strom. Durch Magnetotransportmessungen kann dieser Effekt verschiedenen Dimensionen in den Zuleitungen zugewiesen werden. Während des Wachstums kann es zu einer Diffusion von Dotieratomen kommen, die die Ladungsträgerkonzentration und damit die Dimension der Zuleitungen verändern kann. Zusätzlich wird die Diffusion mit Hilfe von numerischen Berechnungen der Bandstruktur simuliert und mit den Messergebnissen verglichen. Die verschiedenen Dimensionen der Zuleitungen in der Probe werden genutzt, um die Abhängigkeit der Dimensionalität auf die Wechselwirkung zu untersuchen. Außerdem werden Messungen der lokalen Zustandsdichtefluktuationen gezeigt. Diese führen zu Linien konstanter differentieller Leitfähigkeit mit einer Steigung dB/dV. Dabei ist V die angelegte Spannung und B das äußere Magnetfeld. Ein Vergleich zwischen diesen Fluktuationen mit der Fermikantensingularität weist eine deutliche Antikorrelation auf. Darüber hinaus werden Messungen an gekoppelten Quantenpunkten präsentiert. In diesen sogenannten Doppelquantenpunkten können weitere Wechselwirkungen entstehen. Besonders der Effekt des Bunching, welcher bei einer asymmetrischen Kopplung der Zuleitungen auftritt, führt zu einer Erhöhung des Schrotrauschens. Auch der Einfluss von Phononen wird in temperaturabhängigen Messungen diskutiert.
Calculation of critical exponents on fractal lattice Ising model by higher-order tensor renormalization group method
Creators: name: Genzor, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of the Ising model on a fractal lattice, which has the Hausdorff dimension $\log_{4} 12 \approx 1.792$, is investigated using a modified higher-order tensor renormalization group algorithm supplemented with automatic differentiation to compute relevant derivatives efficiently and accurately. The complete set of critical exponents characteristic of a second-order phase transition was obtained. Correlations near the critical temperature were analyzed through two impurity tensors inserted into the system, which allowed us to obtain the correlation lengths and calculate the critical exponent $ν$. The critical exponent $α$ was found to be negative, consistent with the observation that the specific heat does not diverge at the critical temperature. The extracted exponents satisfy the known relations given by various scaling assumptions within reasonable accuracy. Perhaps most interestingly, the hyperscaling relation, which contains the spatial dimension, is satisfied very well, assuming the Hausdorff dimension takes the place of the spatial dimension. Moreover, using automatic differentiation, we have extracted four critical exponents ($α$, $β$, $γ$, and $δ$) globally by differentiating the free energy. Surprisingly, the global exponents differ from those obtained locally by the technique of the impurity tensors; however, the scaling relations remain satisfied even in the case of the global exponents.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
p-adic interpolation function related to multiple generalized Genocchi numbers
Creators: name: Araci, Serkan
name: Acikgoz, Mehmet
name: Şen, Erdoğan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S80, 11B68

description: In the present paper, we deal with multiple generalized Genocchi numbers and polynomials. Also, we introduce analytic interpolating function for the multiple generalized Genocchi numbers attached to \c{hi} at negative integers in complex plane and we define the multiple Genocchi p-adic L-function. Finally, we derive the value of the partial derivative of our multiple p-adic l-function at s=0.
description: 10 pages
Determination of the structural integrity and stability of polysialic acid during alkaline and thermal treatment
Creators: name: Bartling, Bastian
name: Rehfeld, Johanna S.
name: Boßmann, Daniel
name: De Vries, Ingo
name: Fohrer, Jörg
name: Lammers, Frank
name: Scheper, Thomas
name: Beutel, Sascha
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Endotoxin removal
subject: Hydrolysis
subject: NMR spectroscopy
subject: Polysialic acid
subject: Structure integrity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Polysialic acid (polySia) is a linear homopolymer of varying chain lengths that exists mostly on the outer cell membrane surface of certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) K1. PolySia, with an average degree of polymerization of 20 (polySia avDP20), possesses material properties that can be used for therapeutic applications to treat inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases. The fermentation of E. coli K1 enables the large-scale production of endogenous long-chain polySia (DP ≈ 130) (LC polySia), from which polySia avDP20 can be manufactured using thermal hydrolysis. To ensure adequate biopharmaceutical quality of the product, the removal of byproducts and contaminants, such as endotoxins, is essential. Recent studies have revealed that the long-term incubation in alkaline sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions reduces the endotoxin content down to 3 EU (endotoxin units) per mg, which is in the range of pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we analyzed interferences in the intramolecular structure of polySia caused by harsh NaOH treatment or thermal hydrolysis. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that neither the incubation in an alkaline solution nor the thermal hydrolysis induced any chemical modification. In addition, HPLC analysis with a preceding 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene (DMB) derivatization demonstrated that the alkaline treatment did not induce any hydrolytic effects to reduce the maximum polymer length and that the controlled thermal hydrolysis reduced the maximum chain length effectively, while costeffective incubation in alkaline solutions had no adverse effects on LC polySia. Therefore, both methods guarantee the production of high-purity, low-molecular-weight polySia without alterations in the structure, which is a prerequisite for the submission of a marketing authorization application as a medicinal product. However, a specific synthesis of low-molecular-weight polySia with defined chain lengths is only possible to a limited extent.
Moral Judgements on the Actions of Self-Driving Cars and Human Drivers in Dilemma Situations From Different Perspectives
Creators: name: Kallioinen, Noa
name: Pershina, Maria
name: Zeiser, Jannik
name: Nosrat Nezami, Farbod
name: Pipa, Gordon
name: Stephan, Achim
name: König, Peter
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence ethics
subject: autonomous vehicles
subject: ethics
subject: moral dilemmas
subject: moral judgement
subject: self-driving cars
subject: virtual reality
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie

description: Self-driving cars have the potential to greatly improve public safety. However, their introduction onto public roads must overcome both ethical and technical challenges. To further understand the ethical issues of introducing self-driving cars, we conducted two moral judgement studies investigating potential differences in the moral norms applied to human drivers and self-driving cars. In the experiments, participants made judgements on a series of dilemma situations involving human drivers or self-driving cars. We manipulated which perspective situations were presented from in order to ascertain the effect of perspective on moral judgements. Two main findings were apparent from the results of the experiments. First, human drivers and self-driving cars were largely judged similarly. However, there was a stronger tendency to prefer self-driving cars to act in ways to minimize harm, compared to human drivers. Second, there was an indication that perspective influences judgements in some situations. Specifically, when considering situations from the perspective of a pedestrian, people preferred actions that would endanger car occupants instead of themselves. However, they did not show such a self-preservation tendency when the alternative was to endanger other pedestrians to save themselves. This effect was more prevalent for judgements on human drivers than self-driving cars. Overall, the results extend and agree with previous research, again contradicting existing ethical guidelines for self-driving car decision making and highlighting the difficulties with adapting public opinion to decision making algorithms.
Cooperative effects in inelastic tunneling
Creators: name: Galperin, Michael
name: Nitzan, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several aspects of intermolecular effects in molecular conduction have been studied in recent years. These experimental and theoretical studies, made on several setups of molecular conduction junctions, have focused on the current-voltage characteristic that is usually dominated by the elastic transmission properties of such junctions. In this paper we address cooperative intermolecular effects in the inelastic tunneling signal calculated for simple generic models of such systems. We find that peaks heights in the inelasticspectrum may be affected by such cooperative effects even when direct intermolecular interactions can be disregarded. This finding suggests that comparing experimental results to calculations made on single-molecule junctions should be done with care.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
title: DREAM: A Theoretical Analysis
Creators: name: Qi, Xueying
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET, for short) is a collection of mobile nodes deployed in support of a short-lived special-purpose operation. Examples include search-and-rescue missions, law-enforcement, multimedia classrooms, and among many others. Unlike cellular or satellite networks, MANET do not rely on any form of pre-existing infrastructure. The mobility of nodes combined with the lack of infrastructure makes routing in MANET notoriously difficult. It was recently suggested that routing in MANET can use to advantage geographic information that the nodes may acquire either by endowing them with a GPS chip or simply by using known localization algorithms. Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREAM) is one of the first and most intuitively appealing protocols to use geographic information for route selection in MANET.
Designing Dynamic Inductive Charging Infrastructures for Airport Aprons with Multiple Vehicle Types
Creators: name: Broihan, Justine
name: Nozinski, Inka
name: Pöch, Niklas
name: Helber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: airport aprons
subject: dynamic wireless charging
subject: electric vehicles
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In the effort to combat climate change, the CO2 emissions of the aviation sector must be reduced. The traffic caused by numerous types of ground vehicles on airport aprons currently contributes to those emissions as the vehicles typically operate with combustion engines, which is why an electrification of those vehicles has already begun. While stationary conductive charging of the vehicles is the current standard technology, dynamic wireless charging might be an attractive technological alternative, in particular for airport aprons; however, designing a charging network for an airport apron is a challenging task with important technical and economic aspects. In this paper, we propose a model to characterize the problem, especially for cases of multiple types of vehicles sharing the same charging network, such as passenger buses and baggage vehicles. In a numerical study inspired by real-world airports, we design such charging networks subject to service level constraints and evaluate the resulting structures via a discrete-event simulation, and thus, show the way to assess the margin of safety with respect to the vehicle batteries’ state of charge that is induced by the spatial structure of the charging network. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Sketch-to-Design: Context-based Part Assembly
Creators: name: Xie, Xiaohua
name: Xu, Kai
name: Mitra, Niloy J.
name: Cohen-Or, Daniel
name: Chen, Baoquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Designing 3D objects from scratch is difficult, especially when the user intent is fuzzy without a clear target form. In the spirit of modeling-by-example, we facilitate design by providing reference and inspiration from existing model contexts. We rethink model design as navigating through different possible combinations of part assemblies based on a large collection of pre-segmented 3D models. We propose an interactive sketch-to-design system, where the user sketches prominent features of parts to combine. The sketched strokes are analyzed individually and in context with the other parts to generate relevant shape suggestions via a design gallery interface. As the session progresses and more parts get selected, contextual cues becomes increasingly dominant and the system quickly converges to a final design. As a key enabler, we use pre-learned part-based contextual information to allow the user to quickly explore different combinations of parts. Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for efficiently designing new variations from existing shapes.
description: 11 pages; Executable: see project webpage
Dark photon and dark $Z$ mediated $B$ meson decays
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Hammad, A.
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Mukherjee, Lopamudra
name: Rashed, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study flavor changing neutral current decays of $B$ and $K$ mesons in the dark $U(1)_D$ model, with the dark photon/dark $Z$ mass between 10 MeV and 2 GeV. Although the model provides an improved fit (compared to the standard model) to the differential decay distributions of $B \to K^{(*)} \ell^+ \ell^-$, with $\ell= μ, e$, and $B_s \to ϕμ^+ μ^-$, the allowed parameter space is ruled out by measurements of atomic parity violation, $K^+ \to μ^+ + invisible$ decay, and $B_s - \overline{B}_s$ mixing, among others. To evade constraints from low energy data, we extend the model to allow for (1) additional invisible $Z_D$ decay, (2) a direct vector coupling of $Z_D$ to muons, and (3) a direct coupling of $Z_D$ to both muons and electrons, with the electron coupling fine-tuned to cancel the $Z_D$ coupling to electrons via mixing. We find that only the latter case survives all constraints.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. Updated with the LHCb results in 2212.09153. Version to appear in JHEP
title: Die digitale Zugänglichkeit von Archivalien: Stand der Dinge aus Praxissicht
Creators: name: Mattmann, Beat
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Wo ein Wille ist, ist auch ein Weg – ein Sprichwort, das bei der Digitalisierung von Kulturgut nicht immer gilt, wie dieser Artikel zeigt. Natürlich sind die Chancen der Digitalisierung allgemein bekannt. Der Weg zur Nutzung dieser Chancen ist allerdings nicht selten steinig. Eine Digitalisierung ist weder günstig, wie dieser Artikel vorrechnet, noch rechtlich immer unproblematisch. In der Praxis zeigt sich jedoch ein kreativer Umgang mit diesen Hürden – durch effiziente Ressourcennutzung, aber auch progressive Rechtsauslegungen oder Beteiligung an Gesetzesrevisionen. Mit diesem Willen ist man also, trotz ungünstiger Rahmenbedingungen, auf einem guten Weg, auch wenn dieser Geduld erfordert.
description: Informationspraxis, Bd. 2, Nr. 2 (2016), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2015, Ausgaben pro Band: 2, Bände pro Jahr: 1
TA'LIMDAGI  INQILOB - BULUTLI TEXNOLOGIYALARDAN FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Ro'zimov, Bahromjon
name: Abdullaxatov, Akmaljon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Bulutli texnologiyalarning paydo bo'lishi ta'lim uchun yangi davrni boshlab berdi, an'anaviy modellarni qayta shakllantirdi va yanada dinamik va o'zaro bog'langan o'quv muhitiga yo'l ochdi. Ushbu maqola bulutli hisoblashning ta'limdagi turli xil qo'llanilishini har tomonlama ko'rib chiqishga qaratilgan bo'lib, uning o'qitish va o'qitish metodologiyasini inqilob qilish potentsialini ta'kidlaydi.
FCC046: a candidate gaseous polar ring dwarf elliptical galaxy in the Fornax Cluster
Creators: name: De Rijcke, Sven
name: Buyle, Pieter
name: Koleva, Mina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FCC046 is a Fornax Cluster dwarf elliptical galaxy. Optical observations have shown that this galaxy, besides an old and metal-poor stellar population, also contains a very young centrally concentrated population and is actively forming stars, albeit at a very low level. Here, we report on 21cm observations of FCC046 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) which we conducted in the course of a small survey of Fornax Cluster early-type dwarf galaxies. We have discovered a ~10^7 Mo HI cloud surrounding FCC046. We show that the presence of this significant gas reservoir offers a concise explanation for this galaxy's optical morphological and kinematical properties. Surprisingly, the HI gas, as evidenced by its morphology and its rotational motion around the galaxy's optical major axis, is kinematically decoupled from the galaxy's stellar body. This is the first time such a ring of gaseous material in minor-axis rotation is discovered around a dwarf galaxy.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Combining n-MOS Charge Sensing with p-MOS Silicon Hole Double Quantum Dots in a CMOS platform
Creators: name: Jin, Ik Kyeong
name: Kumar, Krittika
name: Rendell, Matthew J.
name: Huang, Jonathan Y.
name: Escott, Chris C.
name: Hudson, Fay E.
name: Lim, Wee Han
name: Dzurak, Andrew S.
name: Hamilton, Alexander R.
name: Liles, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holes in silicon quantum dots are receiving significant attention due to their potential as fast, tunable, and scalable qubits in semiconductor quantum circuits. Despite this, challenges remain in this material system including difficulties using charge sensing to determine the number of holes in a quantum dot, and in controlling the coupling between adjacent quantum dots. In this work, we address these problems by fabricating an ambipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device using multilayer palladium gates. The device consists of an electron charge sensor adjacent to a hole double quantum dot. We demonstrate control of the spin state via electric dipole spin resonance (EDSR). We achieve smooth control of the inter-dot coupling rate over two orders of magnitude and use the charge sensor to perform spin-to-charge conversion to measure the hole singlet-triplet relaxation time of 11 μs for a known hole occupation. These results provide a path towards improving the quality and controllability of hole spin-qubits.
Helium in natal HII regions: the origin of the X-ray absorption in gamma-ray burst afterglows
Creators: name: Watson, Darach
name: Zafar, Tayyaba
name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Gorosabel, Javier
name: Hjorth, Jens
name: Jakobsson, Páll
name: Krühler, Thomas
name: Laursen, Peter
name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Malesani, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft X-ray absorption in excess of Galactic is observed in the afterglows of most gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but the correct solution to its origin has not been arrived at after more than a decade of work, preventing its use as a powerful diagnostic tool. We resolve this long-standing problem and find that He in the GRB's host HII region is responsible for most of the absorption. We show that the X-ray absorbing column density (N_Hx) is correlated with both the neutral gas column density and with the optical afterglow extinction (Av). This correlation explains the connection between dark bursts and bursts with high N_Hx values. From these correlations we exclude an origin of the X-ray absorption which is not related to the host galaxy, i.e. the intergalactic medium or intervening absorbers are not responsible. We find that the correlation with the dust column has a strong redshift evolution, whereas the correlation with the neutral gas does not. From this we conclude that the column density of the X-ray absorption is correlated with the total gas column density in the host galaxy rather than the metal column density, in spite of the fact that X-ray absorption is typically dominated by metals. The strong redshift evolution of N_Hx/Av is thus a reflection of the cosmic metallicity evolution of star-forming galaxies. We conclude that the absorption of X-rays in GRB afterglows is caused by He in the HII region hosting the GRB. While dust is destroyed and metals are stripped of all of their electrons by the GRB to great distances, the abundance of He saturates the He-ionising UV continuum much closer to the GRB, allowing it to remain in the neutral or singly-ionised state. Helium X-ray absorption explains the correlation with total gas, the lack of strong evolution with redshift as well as the absence of dust, metal or hydrogen absorption features in the optical-UV spectra.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ
title: So you want to be a social media influencer
Creators: name: Sultan, Fardus
name: Gannon, Valerie
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Even before she was born, baby Halston Blake Fisher had an enviable social media following of over 112,000 Instagram subscribers. Now, at the tender age of five weeks, she has over 380,000 followers and is already working with commercial partners. Undeniably, her success is linked to that of her older twin sisters, two-year-olds Taytum and Oakley who have 2.6 million Instagram followers. While her parents' individual Instagram channels maintain a modest following, the family’s YouTube channel boasts in excess of three million subscribers, all of which translate into lucrative commercial deals.
All-analytical semiclassical theory of spaser for plasmonic nanocavity
Creators: name: Zhong, Xiaolan
name: Li, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental approaches to manipulate light-matter interaction at nanoscale have quickly advanced in recent years, leading to the demonstration of spaser (surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) in plasmonic nanocavities. Yet, a well-understood analytical theory to better understand and quantitatively explain the connotation of spaser system is urgently needed. Here we develop an all-analytical semiclassical theory to investigate the energy exchange between active materials and fields and the spaser performance in a plasmonic nanocavity. The theory can be commonly used in understanding and designing all novel microlaser, nanolaser, and spaser systems.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
title: Irish soccer's split identity in the age of Brexit
Creators: name: Vaughan, Connell
Publisher: name: Technological University Dublin
Year: 2019

description: It is commonly understood that the last time a so-called All-Ireland Association Football (soccer) team took to the field was the famous "Shamrock Rovers XI" versus Brazil tie in Landsdowne Road in July 1973. Though this is true in a strict sense, we do not need to go much further back in time to see the last time players representing both associations were officially sanctioned to play alongside each other.
Rank gradient of small covers
Creators: name: Girão, Darlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that if $M \longrightarrow P$ is a small cover of a compact right-angled hyperbolic polyhedron $P$ then $M$ admits a cofinal tower of finite sheeted covers with positive rank gradient. As a corollary, if $π_1(M)$ is commensurable with the reflection group of $P$, then $M$ admits a cofinal tower of finite sheeted covers with positive rank gradient.
description: accepted in Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Categorically Morita Equivalent Compact Quantum Groups
Creators: name: Neshveyev, Sergey
name: Yamashita, Makoto
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2018

description: We give a dynamical characterization of categorical Morita equivalence between compact quantum groups. More precisely, by a Tannaka--Krein type duality, a unital C$^*$-algebra endowed with commuting actions of two compact quantum groups corresponds to a bimodule category over their representation categories. We show that this bimodule category is invertible if and only if the actions are free, with finite dimensional fixed point algebras, which are in duality as Frobenius algebras in an appropriate sense. This extends the well-known characterization of monoidal equivalence in terms of bi-Hopf--Galois objects.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 23 (2018), p. 2165-2216
title: On the Persistence Properties of the Cross-Coupled Camassa-Holm System
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Henry, David
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2013

description: In this paper we examine the evolution of solutions, that initially have compact support, of a recently-derived system of cross-coupled Camassa-Holm equations. The analytical methods which we employ provide a full picture for the persistence of compact support for the momenta. For solutions of the system itself, the answer is more convoluted, and we determine when the compactness of the support is lost, replaced instead by an exponential decay rate.
Why Your IT Project Might Be Riskier Than You Think
Creators: name: Flyvbjerg, Bent
name: Budzier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Out-of-control information technology (IT) projects have ended the careers of top managers, such as EADS CEO Noel Forgeard and Levi Strauss' CIO David Bergen. Moreover, IT projects have brought down whole companies, like Kmart in the US and Auto Windscreen in the UK. Software and other IT is now such an integral part of most business processes and products that CEOs must know their IT risks, which are typically substantial and overlooked. The analysis of a sample of 1,471 IT projects showed that the average cost overrun was 27% - but that figure masks a far more alarming 'fat tail' risk. Fully one in six of the projects in the sample was a Black Swan, with a cost overrun of 200%, on average, and a schedule overrun of almost 70%. This highlights the true pitfall of IT change initiatives: It's not that they're particularly prone to high cost overruns on average - it is that there are a disproportionate number of Black Swans. By focusing on averages instead of the more damaging outliers, most managers and consultants have been missing the real risk in doing IT. In conclusion, the article outlines ideas as to what can be done to avoid Black Swans.
Wind speed forecasting at different time scales: a non parametric approach
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guglielmo
name: Petroni, Filippo
name: Prattico, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prediction of wind speed is one of the most important aspects when dealing with renewable energy. In this paper we show a new nonparametric model, based on semi-Markov chains, to predict wind speed. Particularly we use an indexed semi-Markov model, that reproduces accurately the statistical behavior of wind speed, to forecast wind speed one step ahead for different time scales and for very long time horizon maintaining the goodness of prediction. In order to check the main features of the model we show, as indicator of goodness, the root mean square error between real data and predicted ones and we compare our forecasting results with those of a persistence model.
Euphorbia amygdaloides L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: E. amygdaloides L. Cat. 316. Nur im Unterwallis in Distr. l; bis 970m: Miex (Marietan).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
title: How bees use the waggle dance as Google Maps for pollen
Creators: name: Singh, Baljit
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Bees provide pollination to virtually every fruit and vegetable plant thus playing a crucial role in agricultural food production and wild plant diversity and conservation. They are also an important source of income for beekeepers and this contributes to the economic value of rural areas (there are an estimated 3,000 beekeepers in Ireland).
New composition dependent cooling and heating curves for galaxy evolution simulations
Creators: name: De Rijcke, Sven
name: Schroyen, Joeri
name: Vandenbroucke, Bert
name: Jachowicz, Natalie
name: Decroos, Jeroen
name: Cloet-Osselaer, Annelies
name: Koleva, Mina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new calculation of composition-dependent radiative cooling and heating curves of low-density gas, intended primarily for use in numerical simulations of galaxy formation and evolution. These curves depend on only five parameters: temperature, density, redshift, [Fe/H], and [Mg/Fe]. They are easily tabulated and can be efficiently interpolated during a simulation. The ionization equilibrium of 14 key elements is determined for temperatures between 10K and 10^9K and densities up to 100 amu/cm^3 taking into account collisional and radiative ionization, by the cosmic UV background and an interstellar radiation field, and by charge-transfer reactions. These elements, ranging from H to Ni, are the ones most abundantly produced and/or released by SNIa, SNII, and intermediate-mass stars. Self-shielding of the gas at high densities by neutral Hydrogen is taken into account in an approximate way by exponentially suppressing the H-ionizing part of the cosmic UV background for HI densities above a threshold density of n_HI,crit=0.007 cm^-3. We discuss how the ionization equilibrium, and the cooling and heating curves depend on the physical properties of the gas. The main advantage of the work presented here is that, within the confines of a well-defined chemical evolution model and adopting the ionization equilibrium approximation, it provides accurate cooling and heating curves for a wide range of physical and chemical gas properties, including the effects of self-shielding. The latter is key to resolving the formation of cold, neutral, high-density clouds suitable for star formation in galaxy simulations.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Test of Artificial Neural Networks in Likelihood-free Cosmological Constraints: A Comparison of IMNN and DAE
Creators: name: Chen, Jie-Feng
name: Wang, Yu-Chen
name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the procedure of constraining the cosmological parameters with the observational Hubble data and the type Ia supernova data, the combination of Masked Autoregressive Flow and Denoising Autoencoder can perform a good result. The above combination extracts the features from OHD with DAE, and estimates the posterior distribution of cosmological parameters with MAF. We ask whether we can find a better tool to compress large data in order to gain better results while constraining the cosmological parameters. Information maximising neural networks, a kind of simulation-based machine learning technique, was proposed at an earlier time. In a series of numerical examples, the results show that IMNN can find optimal, non-linear summaries robustly. In this work, we mainly compare the dimensionality reduction capabilities of IMNN and DAE. We use IMNN and DAE to compress the data into different dimensions and set different learning rates for MAF to calculate the posterior. Meanwhile, the training data and mock OHD are generated with a simple Gaussian likelihood, the spatially flat ΛCDM model and the real OHD data. To avoid the complex calculation in comparing the posterior directly, we set different criteria to compare IMNN and DAE.
description: 13 pages, 1 tables, 19 figures
title: On the Quadratic Bundles Related to Hermitian Symmetric Spaces
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Valchev, Tihomir
Publisher: name: Technological University Dublin
Year: 2013

description: We develop the direct scattering problem for quadratic bundles associated to Hermitian symmetric spaces. We adapt the dressing method for quadratic bundles which allows us to find special solutions to multicomponent derivative Schrodinger equation for instance. The latter is an infinite dimensional Hamiltonian system possessing infinite number of integrals of motion. We demonstrate how one can derive them by block diagonalization of the corresponding Lax pair.
title: The push and pull factors behind migration to Europe
Creators: name: Byrne, Sean
Publisher: name: Technological University Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Over the past three years, Europe has experienced the worst refugee and migration crisis since World War II.  While the flow of refugees from Syria has diminished as some eastern European countries have closed their borders and the EU has given €6 billion to Turkey to persuade it to keep Syrian refugees within its borders, the flow of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa across the Mediterranean continues unabated.
Feeding and Small-scale Feedback in Low-Luminosity AGNs
Creators: name: Shcherbakov, Roman V.
name: Baganoff, Frederick K.
name: Wong, Ka-Wah
name: Irwin, Jimmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unmatched X-ray resolution of Chandra allows probing the gas flow near quiescent supermassive black holes (BHs). The radius of BH gravitational influence on gas, called the Bondi radius, is resolved in Sgr A* and NGC 3115. Shallow accretion flow density profiles n \sim r^{-beta} with beta=0.7-1.0 were found for Sgr A* and NGC 3115 with the help of Chandra. We construct self-consistent models with gas feeding and dynamics from near the Bondi radius to the event horizon to explain the observations. Gas is mainly supplied to the region by hot colliding stellar winds. Small-scale feedback such as conduction effectively flattens the density profile from steep beta=1.5 in a Bondi flow. We further constrain density and temperature profiles using the observed radio/sub-mm radiation emitted near the event horizon. We discuss the present state of our numerical model and its qualitative features, such as the role of the galactic gravitational potential and the random motion of wind-emitting stars.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, for Proceedings of IAU Symposium 290 "Feeding compact objects: Accretion on all scales", eds C.M. Zhang, T. Belloni, M
A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE
Creators: name: Reis, Gonçalo Dos
name: Reis, Ricardo J. N. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H30, 60H07, 60J60

description: In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.
description: accepted for publication
title: Particle Trajectories in Extreme Stokes Waves Over Inifinte Depth
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Lyons, Tony
Publisher: name: Technological University Dublin
Year: 2013

description: We investigate the velocity field of fluid particles in an extreme water wave over infinite depth. It is shown that the trajectories of the particles within the fluid and along the free surface do not form closed paths over the course of one period, but rather undergo a positive drift in the direction of wave propagation. In addition it is shown that the wave crest cannot form a stagnation point despite the velocity of the fluid being zero there.
Quiet Eye as a Mechanism for Table Tennis Performance under Fatigue and Complexity
Creators: name: Vincze, Andrada
name: Jurchiș, Răzvan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: QE is the final ocular fixation that precedes critical athletic movements and that enables athletes to gather relevant information and organize their subsequent movement. Although little is known about the factors sustaining performance in table tennis, to date there has been no investigation to assess QE as a contributor to table tennis performance. Furthermore, there is limited research regarding the influence on QE of factors that are known to impact performance, such as task complexity and fatigue. In a within-subjects experimental design, we manipulated fatigue (high vs low) and task complexity (high vs low). Eleven elite table tennis players (mage =14.72 years, mexperience = 7.27 years) underwent each of the four resulting conditions. Athletes made longer QE before hit versus missed shots (p <.001, η2p = .795) and QE and performance decreased under fatigue (p = 0.02, η2p = .628; p = .002, η2p = .62), but we did not detect a significant effect of complexity on QE (p = .352, η2p = .087). This study is one of the first to show that QE sustains performance in a dynamic sport, that is table tennis, and that QE is affected by fatigue.
Origins of power-law degree distribution in the heterogeneity of human activity in social networks
Creators: name: Muchnik, Lev
name: Pei, Sen
name: Parra, Lucas C.
name: Reis, Saulo D. S.
name: Andrade,, Jose S.
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Makse, Hernan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The probability distribution of number of ties of an individual in a social network follows a scale-free power-law. However, how this distribution arises has not been conclusively demonstrated in direct analyses of people's actions in social networks. Here, we perform a causal inference analysis and find an underlying cause for this phenomenon. Our analysis indicates that heavy-tailed degree distribution is causally determined by similarly skewed distribution of human activity. Specifically, the degree of an individual is entirely random - following a "maximum entropy attachment" model - except for its mean value which depends deterministically on the volume of the users' activity. This relation cannot be explained by interactive models, like preferential attachment, since the observed actions are not likely to be caused by interactions with other people.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Instructions on Task Constraints Mediate Perceptual-Motor Search and How Movement Variability Relates to Performance Outcome
Creators: name: Lafe, Charley W.
name: Newell, Karl M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Movement variability has been postulated to afford perception of the perceptual motor workspace and to be directly linked to improved performance. Here, we investigated how instructions mediate the search process and the relation between performance outcome and movement variability. We used a novel bimanual force tracking task where zero error was achieved via proportional output between the hands. Participants were either instructed or not as to how to coordinate their force output to achieve this goal, but the goal to minimize error was explained to all participants. The provision of instructions restricted the overall area of the task space that was searched. Moreover, the time dependent properties of the search were influenced; where instructions increased the likelihood that participants would produce a higher force level over practice. Multiple regression revealed that variability was positively correlated with performance outcome, but the strength of this relation was dependent on instructions and individual search strategies. The findings are consistent with the view that information through instructions shapes individual emergent perceptual-motor search strategies that in turn mediate how movement variability relates to performance outcome.
Collecting Interactive Multi-modal Datasets for Grounded Language Understanding
Creators: name: Mohanty, Shrestha
name: Arabzadeh, Negar
name: Teruel, Milagro
name: Sun, Yuxuan
name: Zholus, Artem
name: Skrynnik, Alexey
name: Burtsev, Mikhail
name: Srinet, Kavya
name: Panov, Aleksandr
name: Szlam, Arthur
name: Côté, Marc-Alexandre
name: Kiseleva, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human intelligence can remarkably adapt quickly to new tasks and environments. Starting from a very young age, humans acquire new skills and learn how to solve new tasks either by imitating the behavior of others or by following provided natural language instructions. To facilitate research which can enable similar capabilities in machines, we made the following contributions (1) formalized the collaborative embodied agent using natural language task; (2) developed a tool for extensive and scalable data collection; and (3) collected the first dataset for interactive grounded language understanding.
title: Opioid Prevention for Rural Utah Youth through PROSPER
Creators: name: MacArthur, Stacey
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: The Opioid Prevention for Rural Utah Youth through PROSPER program will serve 6th grade students and their families in Wayne, Emery, and San Juan counties. Participants will benefit from the research-based PROSPER program that delivers both community and school-based programming to strengthen youth and their families and increase their strengths to prevent opioid use.