cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EXERCISE INTENSITY IN RETURN TO PLAY FOLLOWING SPORT-RELATED CONCUSSION IN COLLEGIATE AMERICAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Creators: name: Pikowski, Matthew Dittrich
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Exercise intensity in return to play post-concussion is not well documented in collegiate American football players. This study aimed to evaluate if differences in training load existed prior to and following medical clearance from concussion compared to matched controls of the same sport-position group and participation status. The study was a retrospective, case-control design, using previously collected data from NCAA Division I football players during the 2019-2021 seasons. Key measures included total distance, total PlayerLoad, and PlayerLoad per minute completed during practice sessions. There were no statistically significant differences between these metrics both prior to and after concussion, as well as between the injured group and the control group. This suggests that following medical clearance from concussion, the athlete participates with full exercise intensity. This study provides information on training load, which can be used in future research to assess the prescription of exercise intensity throughout the concussion protocol.
From Invisible to Citizens (I2C): Apparent age for primary school children without Birth certificates
Creators: name: Jafsia Elisee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Apparent age, Remote communities, Machine Learning, Birth certificate

description: Ages fraud scandals have tarnished African sport at the international level. In 2009, FIFA adopted MRI as an age determination tool for its youth level competitions but recent studies show that bone age assessment has a very large margin of error and cannot be a standard for determining apparent age when we know that environmental factors greatly influence the development of the child. There are populations in which the disappearance of growth cartilage is 4 to 5 years earlier than in another. The ugly face of the problem is that many children are born out of the healthcare system. In Cameroon, approximately 1.7 million children, or 66 %, do not have a birth certificate. These children are said to be "invisible" In other words, they live without being recognised by the country whose citizenship they claim. According to a study carried out by Unicef, 40,000 children, in the Far North region alone, will find it difficult to present their end of year First School Leaving Certificate (FSLC) for lack of a birth certificate. To establish these birth certificates, it will be necessary to make an estimate of their apparent age in a complex process which discourages parents. It is evident that the determination of apparent age should not only be seen from a clinical standpoint. Instead, socio-cultural and environment factors must also be taken into account. To remedy this situation which has reached the alert level, it is urgent to propose a simplified and open system for determining Apparent Age to turn invisible kids to visible ones based on available Data and Machine Learning techniques.
Statistical Evidence for the Existence of Alfvénic Turbulence in Solar Coronal Loops
Creators: name: Liu, Jiajia
name: McIntosh, Scott W.
name: De Moortel, Ineke
name: Threlfall, James
name: Bethge, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have demonstrated that waves which are capable of carrying large amounts of energy are ubiquitous throughout the solar corona. However, the question of how this wave energy is dissipated (on which time and length scales) and released into the plasma remains largely unanswered. Both analytic and numerical models have previously shown that Alfvénic turbulence may play a key role not only in the generation of the fast solar wind, but in the heating of coronal loops. In an effort to bridge the gap between theory and observations, we expand on a recent study [De Moortel et al., ApJL, 782:L34, 2014] by analyzing thirty-seven clearly isolated coronal loops using data from the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP) instrument. We observe Alfvénic perturbations with phase speeds which range from 250-750 km/s and periods from 140-270 s for the chosen loops. While excesses of high frequency wave-power are observed near the apex of some loops (tentatively supporting the onset of Alfvénic turbulence), we show that this excess depends on loop length and the wavelength of the observed oscillations. In deriving a proportional relationship between the loop length/wavelength ratio and the enhanced wave power at the loop apex, and from the analysis of the line-widths associated with these loops, our findings are supportive of the existence of Alfvénic turbulence in coronal loops.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Effects of behavioral performance, intrinsic reward value, and context stability on the formation of a higher-order nutrition habit: an intensive longitudinal diary study
Creators: name: Kilb, Michael
name: Labudek, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Comparison of methodological characteristics of this study with the guidelines for tracking real-world habit formation by Gardner et al. (2022).
A 3D Search for Companions to 12 Nearby M-Dwarfs
Creators: name: Davison, Cassy L.
name: White, Russel J.
name: Henry, Todd J.
name: Riedel, Adric R.
name: Jao, Wei-Chun
name: Bailey, John I.
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Cantrell, Justin R.
name: Subasavage, John P.
name: Winters, Jen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a carefully vetted equatorial ($\pm$ 30$^\circ$ Decl.) sample of all known single (within 4'') mid M-dwarfs (M2.5V-M8.0V) extending out to 10 pc; their proximity and low masses make them ideal targets for planet searches. For this sample of 58 stars, we provide V$_J$, R$_{KC}$, I$_{KC}$ photometry, new low dispersion optical ($6000 - 9000$Å) spectra from which uniform spectral types are determined, multi-epoch H$α$ equivalent widths, and gravity sensitive $Na\,I$ indices. For 12 of these 58 stars, strict limits are placed on the presence of stellar and sub-stellar companions, based on a pioneering program described here that utilizes precise infrared radial velocities and optical astrometric measurements in an effort to search for Jupiter-mass, brown dwarf and stellar-mass companions. Our infrared radial velocity precision using CSHELL at NASA's IRTF is $\sim$90 m s$^{-1}$ over timescales from 13 days to 5 years. With our spectroscopic results the mean companion masses that we rule out of existence are 1.5 M$_{JUP}$ or greater in 10 day orbital periods and 7 M$_{JUP}$ or greater in 100 day orbital periods. We use these spectra to determine rotational velocities and absolute radial velocities of these twelve stars. Our mean astrometric precision using RECONS data from 0.9-m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory is $\sim$3 milli-arcseconds over baselines ranging from 9 to 13 years. With our astrometric results the mean companion masses that we rule out of existence are greater than 11.5 M$_{JUP}$ with an orbital period of 4 years and greater than 7.5 M$_{JUP}$ with an orbital period of 8 years. Although we do not detect companions around our sub-sample of 12 stars, we demonstrate that our two techniques probe a regime that is commonly missed in other companion searches of late type stars.
description: 37 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 2 of Effects of behavioral performance, intrinsic reward value, and context stability on the formation of a higher-order nutrition habit: an intensive longitudinal diary study
Creators: name: Kilb, Michael
name: Labudek, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. STROBE checklist. Checklist which references to the pages in the manuscript which contain the essential descriptions of the study.
Logarithm Corrections and Thermodynamics for Horndeski gravity like Black Holes
Creators: name: Ali, Riasat
name: Akhtar, Zunaira
name: Babar, Rimsha
name: Mustafa, G.
name: Tiecheng, Xia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we compute the Hawking temperature by applying quantum tunneling approach for the Horndeski like black holes. We utilize the semi-classical phenomenon and WKB approximation to the Lagrangian field equation involving generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) and compute the tunneling rate as well as Hawking temperature. For the zero gravity parameter, we obtain results consistent without correction parameter or original tunneling. Moreover, we study the thermal fluctuations of the considered geometry and examine the stable state of the system by heat capacity technique. We also investigate the behaviour of thermodynamic quantities under the influence of thermal fluctuations. We observe from the graphical analysis, the corresponding system is thermodynamically stable with these correction terms.
description: 14 Pages, 9 figures, Published in New Astronomy
Measuring Accuracy of Automated Parsing and Categorization Tools and Processes in Digital Investigations
Creators: name: James, Joshua I.
name: Lopez-Fernandez, Alejandra
name: Gladyshev, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a method for the measurement of the accuracy of evidential artifact extraction and categorization tasks in digital forensic investigations. Instead of focusing on the measurement of accuracy and errors in the functions of digital forensic tools, this work proposes the application of information retrieval measurement techniques that allow the incorporation of errors introduced by tools and analysis processes. This method uses a `gold standard' that is the collection of evidential objects determined by a digital investigator from suspect data with an unknown ground truth. This work proposes that the accuracy of tools and investigation processes can be evaluated compared to the derived gold standard using common precision and recall values. Two example case studies are presented showing the measurement of the accuracy of automated analysis tools as compared to an in-depth analysis by an expert. It is shown that such measurement can allow investigators to determine changes in accuracy of their processes over time, and determine if such a change is caused by their tools or knowledge.
description: 17 pages, 2 appendices, 1 figure, 5th International Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime; Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime, pp. 147-169, 2014
Kinematic structure of the Milky Way galaxy, near the spiral arm tangents
Creators: name: Vallée, Jacques P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the observed radial velocity of different arm tracers, taken near the tangent to a spiral arm. A slight difference is predicted by the density wave theory, given the shock predicted at the entrance to the inner spiral arm. In many of these spiral arms, the observed velocity offset confirms the prediction of the density wave theory (with a separation between the maser velocity and the CO gas peak velocity, of about 20 km/s) - when the observed offset is bigger than the error estimates. The time to reach the next spiral arm is given.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, 28 references
Spin waves scattering on a Bloch point
Creators: name: Elías, R. G.
name: Carvalho-Santos, V. L.
name: Núñez, A. S.
name: Verga, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, after a transformation, the dynamics of linear perturbations (spin waves) around a singular Bloch point soliton is formally equivalent to a quantum system of an electron in a magnetic monopole field. The analytical solution to this problem is known and allows us to find the spectrum and the scattering of a wave in a Bloch point field.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Materials Cartography: Representing and Mining Material Space Using Structural and Electronic Fingerprints
Creators: name: Isayev, Olexandr
name: Fourches, Denis
name: Muratov, Eugene N.
name: Oses, Corey
name: Rasch, Kevin
name: Tropscha, Alexander
name: Curtarolo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the proliferation of high-throughput approaches in materials science is increasing the wealth of data in the field, the gap between accumulated-information and derived-knowledge widens. We address the issue of scientific discovery in materials databases by introducing novel analytical approaches based on structural and electronic materials fingerprints. The framework is employed to (i) query large databases of materials using similarity concepts, (ii) map the connectivity of the materials space (i.e., as a materials cartogram) for rapidly identifying regions with unique organizations/properties, and (iii) develop predictive Quantitative Materials Structure-Property Relation- ships (QMSPR) models for guiding materials design. In this study, we test these fingerprints by seeking target material properties. As a quantitative example, we model the critical temperatures of known superconductors. Our novel materials fingerprinting and materials cartography approaches contribute to the emerging field of materials informatics by enabling effective computational tools to analyze, visualize, model, and design new materials.
description: 13 pages and 5 figures, Chem. Mater., 2015
Additional file 3 of Effects of behavioral performance, intrinsic reward value, and context stability on the formation of a higher-order nutrition habit: an intensive longitudinal diary study
Creators: name: Kilb, Michael
name: Labudek, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. TIDieR checklist. Checklist which references to the pages in the manuscript which contain key information on the habit-formation intervention.
Additional file 4 of Fabrication of a three-dimensional bone marrow niche-like acute myeloid Leukemia disease model by an automated and controlled process using a robotic multicellular bioprinting system
Creators: name: Alhattab, Dana M.
name: Isaioglou, Ioannis
name: Alshehri, Salwa
name: Khan, Zainab N.
name: Susapto, Hepi H.
name: Li, Yanyan
name: Marghani, Yara
name: Alghuneim, Arwa A.
name: Díaz-Rúa, Rubén
name: Abdelrahman, Sherin
name: AL-Bihani, Shuroug
name: Ahmed, Farid
name: Felimban, Raed I.
name: Alkhatabi, Heba
name: Alserihi, Raed
name: Abedalthagafi, Malak
name: AlFadel, AlShaibani
name: Awidi, Abdalla
name: Chaudhary, Adeel Gulzar
name: Merzaban, Jasmeen
name: Hauser, Charlotte A. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 4
MONITORING CANOPY CHANGE CAUSED BY HURRICANES: LIDAR VS OPTICAL REMOTELY SENSED DATA
Creators: name: Thompson, Wilson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Hurricanes and other extreme weather events cause immense amounts of environmental damages across varieties of human and natural systems. Canopies are among the most vulnerable to extreme wind and precipitation brought by hurricanes due to their elevated positions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of using optical remotely sensed data in monitoring forest canopy damage in relation to canopy height changes derived from LiDAR data following two major hurricanes: Hurricane Florence in 2018 and Hurricane Maria in 2017. The study found that LiDAR data is effective in capturing the canopy damage before and after the disturbance events, while the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) derived from optical imagery for the same area during the same time did not show the same level of sensitivity to canopy changes. The finding implies that timely LiDAR data collection is indispensable for accurate canopy damage assessment by agencies, such as NASA or NOAA following hurricane disturbances.
Experimental Simulation of Closed Timelike Curves
Creators: name: Ringbauer, Martin
name: Broome, Matthew A.
name: Myers, Casey R.
name: White, Andrew G.
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed timelike curves are among the most controversial features of modern physics. As legitimate solutions to Einstein's field equations, they allow for time travel, which instinctively seems paradoxical. However, in the quantum regime these paradoxes can be resolved leaving closed timelike curves consistent with relativity. The study of these systems therefore provides valuable insight into non-linearities and the emergence of causal structures in quantum mechanics-essential for any formulation of a quantum theory of gravity. Here we experimentally simulate the non-linear behaviour of a qubit interacting unitarily with an older version of itself, addressing some of the fascinating effects that arise in systems traversing a closed timelike curve. These include perfect discrimination of non-orthogonal states and, most intriguingly, the ability to distinguish nominally equivalent ways of preparing pure quantum states. Finally, we examine the dependence of these effects on the initial qubit state, the form of the unitary interaction, and the influence of decoherence.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Hydrogen Bonding-Enabled Site-Selective C(sp3)–H Functionalization
Creators: name: Townsend, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Direct functionalization of C–H bonds has become an increasingly powerful tool in organic chemistry. Herein is described a methodology for site-selective, intermolecular C(sp3)–H functionalization using amidyl radicals with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), a strong hydrogen bond donor, as solvent. In addition to achieving excellent regioselectivity, tolerance for unprotected sensitive functional groups such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amides is demonstrated.
Additional file 4 of Effects of behavioral performance, intrinsic reward value, and context stability on the formation of a higher-order nutrition habit: an intensive longitudinal diary study
Creators: name: Kilb, Michael
name: Labudek, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4. Exploratory analysis of same-day associations.
Entropy and Kinetics of Point-Defects in Two-Dimensional Dipolar Crystals
Creators: name: Lechner, Wolfgang
name: Polster, David
name: Maret, Georg
name: Dellago, Christoph
name: Keim, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in experiment and with computer simulation the free energy and the kinetics of vacancy and interstitial defects in two-dimensional dipolar crystals. The defects appear in different local topologies which we characterize by their point group symmetry; $C_n$ is the n-fold cyclic group and $D_n$ is the dihedral group, including reflections. The frequency of different local topologies is not determined by their almost degenerate energies but dominated by entropy for symmetric configurations. The kinetics of the defects is fully reproduced by a master equation in a multi-state Markov model. In this model, the system is described by the state of the defect and the time evolution is given by transitions occurring with particular rates. These transition rate constants are extracted from experiments and simulations using an optimisation procedure. The good agreement between experiment, simulation and master equation thus provides evidence for the accuracy of the model.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures
The Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE) Mission Overview
Creators: name: France, Kevin
name: Fleming, Brian
name: Egan, Arika
name: Desert, Jean-Michel
name: Fossati, Luca
name: Koskinen, Tommi T.
name: Nell, Nicholas
name: Petit, Pascal
name: Vidotto, Aline A.
name: Beasley, Matthew
name: DeCicco, Nicholas
name: Sreejith, Aickara Gopinathan
name: Suresh, Ambily
name: Baumert, Jared
name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: DAngelo, Carolina Villarreal
name: Hoadley, Keri
name: Kane, Robert
name: Kohnert, Richard
name: Lambert, Julian
name: Ulrich, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric escape is a fundamental process that affects the structure, composition, and evolution of many planets. The signatures of escape are detectable on close-in, gaseous exoplanets orbiting bright stars, owing to the high levels of extreme-ultraviolet irradiation from their parent stars. The Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE) is a CubeSat mission designed to take advantage of the near-ultraviolet stellar brightness distribution to conduct a survey of the extended atmospheres of nearby close-in planets. The CUTE payload is a magnifying NUV (2479~--~3306 Ang) spectrograph fed by a rectangular Cassegrain telescope (206mm x 84mm); the spectrogram is recorded on a back-illuminated, UV-enhanced CCD. The science payload is integrated into a 6U Blue Canyon Technology XB1 bus. CUTE was launched into a polar, low-Earth orbit on 27 September 2021 and has been conducting this transit spectroscopy survey following an on-orbit commissioning period. This paper presents the mission motivation, development path, and demonstrates the potential for small satellites to conduct this type of science by presenting initial on-orbit science observations. The primary science mission is being conducted in 2022~--~2023, with a publicly available data archive coming on line in 2023.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, AJ - accepted
Conserving Approximation of Pairing theories in Fermionic superfluid phase
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Guo, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Respecting the conservation laws of momentum and energy in a many body theory is very important for understanding the transport phenomena. The previous conserving approximation requires that the self-energy of a single particle can be written as a functional derivative of a full dressed Green's function. This condition can not be satisfied in the $G_0G$ t-matrix or pair fluctuation theory which emphasizes the fermion pairing with a stronger than the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) attraction. In the previous work\cite{stressWI}, we have shown that when the temperature is above the superfluid transition temperature $T_c$, the $G_0G$ t-matrix theory can be put into a form that satisfies the stress tensor Ward identity (WI) or local form of conservation laws by introducing a new type of vertex correction. In this paper, we will extend the above conservation approximation to the superfluid phase in the BCS mean field level. To establish the stress tensor WI, we have to include the fluctuation of the order parameter or the contribution from the Goldstone mode. The result will be useful for understanding the transport properties such as the behavior of the viscosity of Fermionic gases in the superfluid phases.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 5 of Fabrication of a three-dimensional bone marrow niche-like acute myeloid Leukemia disease model by an automated and controlled process using a robotic multicellular bioprinting system
Creators: name: Alhattab, Dana M.
name: Isaioglou, Ioannis
name: Alshehri, Salwa
name: Khan, Zainab N.
name: Susapto, Hepi H.
name: Li, Yanyan
name: Marghani, Yara
name: Alghuneim, Arwa A.
name: Díaz-Rúa, Rubén
name: Abdelrahman, Sherin
name: AL-Bihani, Shuroug
name: Ahmed, Farid
name: Felimban, Raed I.
name: Alkhatabi, Heba
name: Alserihi, Raed
name: Abedalthagafi, Malak
name: AlFadel, AlShaibani
name: Awidi, Abdalla
name: Chaudhary, Adeel Gulzar
name: Merzaban, Jasmeen
name: Hauser, Charlotte A. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 5
Antenna array characterization via radio interferometry observation of astronomical sources
Creators: name: Colegate, T. M.
name: Sutinjo, A. T.
name: Hall, P. J.
name: Padhi, S. K.
name: Wayth, R. B.
name: de Vaate, J. G. Bij
name: Crosse, B.
name: Emrich, D.
name: Faulkner, A. J.
name: Hurley-Walker, N.
name: Acedo, E. de Lera
name: Juswardy, B.
name: Razavi-Ghods, N.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Williams, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-situ antenna characterization method and results for a "low-frequency" radio astronomy engineering prototype array, characterized over the 75-300 MHz frequency range. The presence of multiple cosmic radio sources, particularly the dominant Galactic noise, makes in-situ characterization at these frequencies challenging; however, it will be shown that high quality measurement is possible via radio interferometry techniques. This method is well-known in the radio astronomy community but seems less so in antenna measurement and wireless communications communities, although the measurement challenges involving multiple undesired sources in the antenna field-of-view bear some similarities. We discuss this approach and our results with the expectation that this principle may find greater application in related fields.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures; 2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA), 16-19 Nov. 2014, pp.1-4
On the choice of the most suitable indicator for the assembly state of dark matter haloes through cosmic time
Creators: name: Vallés-Pérez, David
name: Planelles, Susana
name: Monllor-Berbegal, Óscar
name: Quilis, Vicent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical state and morphological features of galaxies and galaxy clusters, and their high-redshift precursors, are tightly connected with their assembly history, encoding crucial information about the formation and evolution of such cosmic structures. As a first step towards finding an optimal indicator of the assembly state of observed structures, we use a cosmological simulation of a moderate volume to critically examine the best definition of an indicator that is able to discriminate dark matter haloes undergoing mergers and/or strong accretion from haloes experimenting a relaxed evolution. Using a combination of centre offset, virial ratio, mean radial velocity, sparsity and ellipticity of the dark matter halo, we study how the thresholds on these parameters, as well as their relative weights, should evolve with redshift to provide the best classification possible. This allows us to split a sample of haloes in a totally relaxed, a marginally relaxed and an unrelaxed subsamples. The resulting classification strongly correlates with the merging activity obtained from the analysis of complete merger trees extracted from whole simulation data. The results on how the different indicators depend on redshift and halo mass, and their optimal combination to better match the true assembly history of haloes, could constitute relevant hints to find a suitable set of indicators applicable to observational data.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dynamics of Electric Currents, Magnetic Field Topology and Helioseismic Response of a Solar Flare
Creators: name: Sharykin, I. N.
name: Kosovichev, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar flare on July 30, 2011 was of a modest X-ray class (M9.3), but it made a strong photospheric impact and produced a "sunquake," observed with the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). In addition to the helioseismic waves (also observed with the SDO/AIA instrument), the flare caused a large expanding area of white-light emission and was accompanied by substantial restructuring of magnetic fields, leading to the rapid formation of a sunspot structure in the flare region. The flare produced no significant hard X-ray emission and no coronal mass ejection. This indicates that the flare energy release was mostly confined to the lower atmosphere. The absence of significant coronal mass ejection rules out magnetic rope eruption as a mechanism of helioseismic waves. We discuss the connectivity of the flare energy release with the electric currents dynamics and show the potential importance of high-speed plasma flows in the lower solar atmosphere during the flare energy release.
GalCEM I -- An Open-Source Detailed Isotopic Chemical Evolution Code
Creators: name: Gjergo, Eda
name: Sorokin, Aleksei G.
name: Ruth, Anthony
name: Spitoni, Emanuele
name: Matteucci, Francesca
name: Fan, Xilong
name: Liang, Jinning
name: Limongi, Marco
name: Yamazaki, Yuta
name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first of a series of papers that will introduce a user-friendly, detailed, and modular GALactic Chemical Evolution Model, GalCEM, that tracks isotope masses as a function of time in a given galaxy. The list of tracked isotopes automatically adapts to the complete set provided by the input yields. The present iteration of GalCEM tracks 86 elements broken down in 451 isotopes. The prescription includes massive stars, low-to-intermediate mass stars, and Type Ia supernovae as enrichment channels. We have developed a preprocessing tool that extracts multi-dimensional interpolation curves from the input yield tables. These interpolation curves improve the computation speeds of the full convolution integrals, which are computed for each isotope and for each enrichment channel. We map the integrand quantities onto consistent array grids in order to perform the numerical integration at each time step. The differential equation is solved with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. We constrain our analysis to the evolution of all the light and intermediate elements from carbon to zinc, and lithium. Our results are consistent up to the extremely metal poor regime with Galactic abundances. We provide tools to track the mass rate change of individual isotopes on a typical spiral galaxy with a final baryonic mass of $5\times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$. Future iterations of the work will extend to the full periodic table by including the enrichment from neutron-capture channels as well as spatially-dependent treatments of galaxy properties. GalCEM is publicly available at https://github.com/egjergo/GalCEM/
description: Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 29 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, 2 listings
Fast and stable manipulation of a charged particle in a Penning trap
Creators: name: Kiely, A.
name: McGuinness, J. P. L.
name: Muga, J. G.
name: Ruschhaupt, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose shortcuts to adiabaticity which achieve fast and stable control of the state of a charged particle in an electromagnetic field. In particular we design a non-adiabatic change of the magnetic field strength in a Penning trap which changes the radial spread without final excitations. We apply a streamlined version of the fast-forward formalism as well as an invariant based inverse engineering approach. We compare both methods and examine their stability.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
How bright can old magnetars be? Assessing the impact of magnetized envelopes and field topology on neutron star cooling
Creators: name: Dehman, Clara
name: Pons, José A.
name: Viganò, Daniele
name: Rea, Nanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars cool down during their lifetime through the combination of neutrino emission from the interior and photon cooling from the surface. Strongly magnetised neutron stars, called magnetars, are no exception, but the effect of their strong fields adds further complexities to the cooling theory. Besides other factors, modelling the outermost hundred meters (the envelope) plays a crucial role in predicting their surface temperatures. In this letter, we revisit the influence of envelopes on the cooling properties of neutron stars, with special focus on the critical effects of the magnetic field. We explore how our understanding of the relation between the internal and surface temperatures has evolved over the past two decades, and how different assumptions about the neutron star envelope and field topology lead to radically different conclusions on the surface temperature and its cooling with age. In particular, we find that relatively old magnetars with core-threading magnetic fields are actually much cooler than a rotation-powered pulsar of the same age. This is at variance with what is typically observed in crustal-confined models. Our results have important implications for the estimates of the X-ray luminosities of aged magnetars, and the subsequent population study of the different neutron star classes.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
FACULTY MEETINGS ARE ESSENTIAL TO SCHOOL CULTURE READY FOR TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGE
Creators: name: Uyeshima, Amy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: school culture
faculty meetings
protocol
transformational change

description: This research aims to improve school culture by increasing relationship-building, learning, and collaboration. The setting is a faculty meeting space because, traditionally, faculty meetings are uninspired places with one-way communication, passive participation, and disconnected from the work of teachers. Faculty meetings structured using a protocol for increasing relationship-building, learning, and collaboration will improve school culture. A positive school culture supports schools in achieving transformational outcomes. School leaders face incredible challenges, ranging from responding to student learning gaps and equity challenges to being limited in the resources available for changing schools to meet the demands. This research is important because it applies a new approach to faculty meetings that is easy to implement, uses existing resources, and supports reflection and learning for teachers. This study used improvement science as a research approach to improve faculty meetings and, in turn, school culture. Improvement science prioritizes understanding systems and engaging in iterative cycles, or Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. The qualitative data was collected and analyzed through a narrative process that connected the data from three distinct PDSA cycles to find themes. The findings are that teachers appreciate the structure because it allows them to connect, have fun, move, and interact with more people in different ways. The significance is that learning should reflect party-like outcomes, which include joy, fun, and a purpose for being together. By transforming what meetings look and feel like, schools can use collaboration and strong relationships as a foundation for changing systems. School transformation is highly probable and achievable when school culture is grounded in strong relationships and a commitment to learning as a school.
The Pristine survey -- XX: GTC follow-up observations of extremely metal-poor stars identified from Pristine and LAMOST
Creators: name: Arentsen, Anke
name: Aguado, David S.
name: Sestito, Federico
name: Hernández, Jonay I. González
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Starkenburg, Else
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Yuan, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] < -4.0) are very rare, and finding them is a challenging task. Both narrow-band photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy have been useful tools for identifying candidates, and in this work we combine both approaches. We cross-matched metallicity-sensitive photometry from the Pristine survey with the low-resolution spectroscopic LAMOST database, and re-analysed all LAMOST spectra with [Fe/H]_Pristine < -2.5. We find that ~1/3rd of this sample (selected without [Fe/H]_Pristine quality cuts) also have spectroscopic [Fe/H] < -2.5. From this sample, containing many low signal-to-noise (S/N) spectra, we selected eleven stars potentially having [Fe/H] < -4.0 or [Fe/H] < -3.0 with very high carbon abundances, and we performed higher S/N medium-resolution spectroscopic follow-up with OSIRIS on the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We confirm their extremely low metallicities, with a mean of [Fe/H] = -3.4 and the most metal-poor star having [Fe/H]= -3.8. Three of these are clearly carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars with +1.65 < [C/Fe] < +2.45. The two most carbon-rich stars are either among the most metal-poor CEMP-s stars or the most carbon-rich CEMP-no stars known, the third is likely a CEMP-no star. We derived orbital properties for the OSIRIS sample and find that only one of our targets can be confidently associated with known substructures/accretion events, and that three out of four inner halo stars have prograde orbits. Large spectroscopic surveys may contain many hidden extremely and ultra metal-poor stars, and adding additional information from e.g. photometry as in this work can uncover them more efficiently and confidently.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
QUANTIFYING COSEISMIC SUBSIDENCE OF THE NEWPORT-INGLEWOOD FAULT ZONE IN THE SEAL BEACH WETLANDS
Creators: name: Adler, Michaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: oceanography
foraminifera
coseismic subsidence
Seal Beach Wetlands
Newport-Inglewood fault zone

description: Southern California is arguably one of the most vulnerable regions in the United States to seismic hazards as it is home to both a large population and numerous active faults. One fault that is of particular concern is the Newport Inglewood Fault Zone (NIFZ). The NIFZ bisects densely urbanized areas in the Los Angeles Basin and extends south along the coast linking up with the Rose Canyon Fault in the San Diego region. Collectively, this combined system results in a seismic hazard for the whole region. Due to its mostly submarine and urban location, the NIFZ remained largely understudied until recently. The Seal Beach Wetlands (SBW), which straddle the NIFZ, emerged as key location to study the late Holocene seismic history of the NIFZ. Recent work in the SBW suggests that the wetlands coseismically subside during large magnitude earthquakes, however, the lateral extent of event layers in the SBW has yet to be quantified. Here, we seek to better understand coseismic subsidence along the NIFZ in the SBW through quantifying subsidence using microfossil analyses and expanding our understanding of the lateral extent of subsidence. We will focus on stratigraphic analyses on a previously uninvestigated sections of the wetlands. Our results demonstrate that stratigraphic changes interpreted to be coseismic subsidence also contained changes in foraminfera communities indicative of decreases in surface elevation. We identify four events associated with coseismic subsidence in the past ~2,800 years with high confidence. By quantifying the horizontal extent of coseismic subsidence in the SBW we have improved our knowledge of seismic hazards along the NIFZ and how future events may impact the surrounding population.
SCHOLARSHIP, IDENTITY, AND MILITANCY: HOW EARLY CALIFORNIAN SANSEI STUDENT ACTIVISTS WERE PRESSURED, INTO AND INFLUENCED BY HIGHER EDUCATION, AND HOW THEY, TRANSFORMED COLLEGE CAMPUSES DURING THE LATE-1960S THROUGH, THE EARLY-1970S
Creators: name: Brillhart, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sansei
higher education
student activism
ethnic studies
intergenerational trauma
Japanese American incarceration

description: This thesis explores how and why the Sansei generation of Californian Japanese Americans due to their relationship Californian higher educational spaces redefined the nature of Japanese American civil rights efforts away from previous approaches which focused upon appealing to the “model minority.” To contextualize and explain this development the thesis explores Californian Nisei experiences and past traumas such as those which resulted from Japanese American Incarceration which influenced their own views on higher education and Californian Nisei trends in child rearing which in turn resulted in a notable involvement of Californian Sansei in Californian higher educational spaces as well as contemporary political influences such as the American New Left, and the Black Power movement which these Sansei drew upon when pursuing political activism, and how the Sansei reacted to these influences. It also examines how the social spaces enabled by the nature of Californian college campuses at this time enabled these Sansei to learn how pursue political change without appealing to the “model minority” myth, as well as use the systems of higher education to gain supporters. Furthermore, the thesis examines how these efforts from Californian Sansei activists led to shifts a growth in pan-Asian sentiments, and the development of ethnic studies programs.
PhD Thesis: An evidence base and critique for environmental regulatory reform (2014)
Creators: name: Taylor, Chris
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Societies have established various forms of governance to protect the
natural environment from the adverse effects of human activity.  While direct "command and control"
regulation has achieved significant improvements in environmental protection,
concerns for its efficiency have led governments to seek alternative approaches
to achieve environmental policy objectives.  Commentators describe a shift from
"government" to "governance" as policy makers and
regulators seek to harness wider social forces beyond government, while
risk-based regulation is pursued to target constrained regulatory resources for
maximum effect.  However, robust evidence
for the effectiveness of different forms of regulation is lacking.

This thesis addresses this gap, providing an evidence base for
instrument selection and a data-informed critique of regulatory reform
practice. Research followed a case study strategy, gathering qualitative data
through 58 in-depth semi-structured interviews, analysed using the NVIVOTM
Computer Aided Qualitative Data Analysis System (CAQDAS), with senior policy
makers at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, England
(Defra) and senior executives in businesses and trade associations in 5 UK
sectors.

(1) A new typology of regulatory instruments has
been compiled, validated with sector experts, refined for policy end-users, and
published as part of Defra's guidance on instrument selection.

(2) The critical case of instrument selection in
practice at Defra has been examined for the first time, revealing factors
affecting choice, the use of co-regulation to develop evidence and the
importance of retaining policy maker skills for new forms of regulation.

(3) A multiple-case study of senior business representatives
found five strongly preferred voluntary regulation, seven expressed significant
doubts about its effectiveness, and 19 expressed no general preference. While
voluntary approaches were valued for flexibility and lower burdens, direct
regulation offered stability and a level playing field. They sought inter
alia coherent, evidence based regulatory frameworks, delivered through
positive regulatory relationships.

This research progresses the better and smarter
regulation debate on the use of alternatives to direct regulation and has
already been used to inform policy making in practice.
Additional file 1: of Enigmatic Diphyllatea eukaryotes: culturing and targeted PacBio RS amplicon sequencing reveals a higher order taxonomic diversity and global distribution
Creators: name: Orr, Russell
name: Zhao, Sen
name: Klaveness, Dag
name: Yabuki, Akinori
name: Ikeda, Keiji
name: Watanabe, Makoto
name: Shalchian-Tabrizi, Kamran
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Table S1. Sanger sequencing primers. Table S2. Sequencing results for environmental amplicons per barcode. Figure S1. PacBio sequencing results. Figure S2. The 18S rRNA phylogeny of Diphyllatea. Figure S3. The rRNA phylogeny of Diphyllatea excluding outgroup taxa. Figure S4. Total diversity of generated OTUs. (DOCX 1098 kb)