cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introducing Latent Timbre Synthesis
Creators: name: Tatar, K.
name: Bisig, D.
name: Pasquier, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the Latent Timbre Synthesis (LTS), a new audio synthesis method using Deep Learning. The synthesis method allows composers and sound designers to interpolate and extrapolate between the timbre of multiple sounds using the latent space of audio frames. We provide the details of two Variational Autoencoder architectures for LTS, and compare their advantages and drawbacks. The implementation includes a fully working application with graphical user interface, called \textit{interpolate\_two}, which enables practitioners to explore the timbre between two audio excerpts of their selection using interpolation and extrapolation in the latent space of audio frames. Our implementation is open-source, and we aim to improve the accessibility of this technology by providing a guide for users with any technical background.
The Entanglement Entropy of Solvable Lattice Models
Creators: name: Weston, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B23, 81R10, 81T40

description: We consider the spin k/2 analogue of the XXZ quantum spin chain. We compute the entanglement entropy S associated with splitting the infinite chain into two semi-infinite pieces. In the scaling limit, we find S ~ c_k/6 (ln(xi))+ln(g)+... . Here xi is the correlation length and c_k=3k/(k+2) is the central charge associated with the sl_2 WZW model at level k. ln(g) is the boundary entropy of the WZW model. Our result extends previous observations and suggests that this is a simple and perhaps rather general way both of extracting the central charge of the ultraviolet CFT associated with the scaling limit of a solvable lattice model, and of matching lattice and CFT boundary conditions.
description: 6 pages; connection with boundary entropy of Affleck and Ludwig added in revised version and notation slightly changed
GAME THEORY ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION FOR GROUNDWATER INVOLVING EL PASO, TEXAS AND CIUDAD JUAREZ, MEXICO
Creators: name: Nakao, Megumi
name: Wichelns, Dennis
name: Montgomery, John T.
name: Nakao, Megumi
name: Wichelns, Dennis
name: Montgomery, John T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We examine the potential gains from cooperation in the withdrawal of water from the Hueco Bolson aquifer that provides municipal water supply for El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. The aquifer lies beneath the international border, and both cities operate independently regarding pumping rates and withdrawals. We estimate the gains by comparing four scenarios in a dynamic setting: 1) a status quo scenario in which both cities continue extracting groundwater as they are at present, 2) a Nash non-cooperative game scenario, 3) a Nash bargaining scenario, and 4) a scenario that involves maximizing the sum of net benefits in both cities. All scenarios, including the non-cooperative game, provide a longer useful life of the Hueco Bolson aquifer than does the status quo. In the Nash bargaining scenario, both cities gain from cooperation and the sum of net benefits approaches the maximum that can be obtained by maximizing that value explicitly.
HOW ARE CROP YIELDS DISTRIBUTED?
Creators: name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Roberts, Matthew C.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Roberts, Matthew C.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Six popular crop yield distributions are compared to determine which best describes yield fluctuations out-of-sample. For 183 crop and county combinations, each distribution is estimated and ranked according to its log-likelihood function observed at out-of-sample observations. A semiparametric model dominates the contest for most crops and counties, likely due to its flexibility and treatment of heteroskedasticity. Most other models ranked lower because their variance equation performed poorly out-of-sample.
Screen bundles of Lorentzian manifolds and some generalisations of pp-waves
Creators: name: Leistner, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B30, 53C29, 53C50

description: A pp-wave is a Lorentzian manifold with a parallel light-like vector field satisfying a certain curvature condition. We introduce generalisations of pp-waves, on one hand by allowing the vector field to be recurrent and on the other hand by weakening the curvature condition. These generalisations are related to the screen holonomy of the Lorentzian manifold. While pp-waves have a trivial screen holonomy there are no restrictions on the screen holonomy of the manifolds with the weaker curvature condition.
description: 18 pages
Optimisation of a Siamese Neural Network for Real-Time Energy Efficient Object Tracking
Creators: name: Przewlocka, Dominika
name: Wasala, Mateusz
name: Szolc, Hubert
name: Blachut, Krzysztof
name: Kryjak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper the research on optimisation of visual object tracking using a Siamese neural network for embedded vision systems is presented. It was assumed that the solution shall operate in real-time, preferably for a high resolution video stream, with the lowest possible energy consumption. To meet these requirements, techniques such as the reduction of computational precision and pruning were considered. Brevitas, a tool dedicated for optimisation and quantisation of neural networks for FPGA implementation, was used. A number of training scenarios were tested with varying levels of optimisations - from integer uniform quantisation with 16 bits to ternary and binary networks. Next, the influence of these optimisations on the tracking performance was evaluated. It was possible to reduce the size of the convolutional filters up to 10 times in relation to the original network. The obtained results indicate that using quantisation can significantly reduce the memory and computational complexity of the proposed network while still enabling precise tracking, thus allow to use it in embedded vision systems. Moreover, quantisation of weights positively affects the network training by decreasing overfitting.
description: 12 pages, accepted for ICCVG 2020
Resolving the Kinematic Distance Ambiguity of Southern Massive Young Stellar Object Candidates
Creators: name: Busfield, A. L.
name: Purcell, C. R.
name: Hoare, M. G.
name: Lumsden, S. L.
name: Moore, T. J. T.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of HI data to resolve the near/far ambiguity in kinematic distances of massive young stellar object (MYSO) candidates. Kinematic distances were obtained from 13CO 1-0 spectral line observations with the Mopra Telescope towards 94 candidates selected from the Red MSX Source (RMS) survey in the fourth Galactic quadrant. HI data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SPGS) was used in conjunction with the HI self-absorption technique to determine the near or far distance. We resolved the kinematic distance ambiguity to 70% of the sources. We can also simultaneously solve for any multiple line-of-sight component sources. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this technique in comparison with other methods, and also perform confidence checks on the reliability of using the HI self-absorption technique. We examined the projected location of these sources in both the Galactic plane and longitude-velocity diagrams to ascertain any recognisable spiral arm pattern. Although no obvious spiral pattern was found when compared to that proposed by Cordes & Lazio, far distance sources tended to lie on or near spiral arm loci. Near distance sources, however, had peculiar velocity uncertainties consistent with the separation between the spiral arms themselves. The longitude-velocity plot shows a more consistent picture, with tangent points of the spiral arm loci easily seen. We conclude that using the HI self-absorption technique to determine kinematic distance ambiguities is a quick and reliable method in most cases, with an 80% success rate in determining the correct designation of whether an object is at the near or far distance.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, accepted MNRAS
ECONOMIES OF SCOPE AND SCALE OF MULTI-PRODUCT U.S. CASH GRAIN FARMS: A FLEXIBLE FIXED-COST QUADRATIC (FFCQ) MODEL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Mafoua, Edouard
name: Mafoua, Edouard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Industrial Organization

description: The evidence about the magnitude of scope and scale economies in U.S. cash grain farming is revealed from the empirical estimation of the flexible fixed cost quadratic (FFCQ) model. This framework explicitly disaggregates the crop output vector to take the heterogeneity of output and gives insight to farmers to answer interesting questions such as: Are three-crop farms more cost efficient than two-crop or single-crop farms? How important are economies of scope (fixed-cost and variable-cost components) in two-crop farms and three-crop farms? Two-crop farms as well as three-crop farms exhibit overall economies of scale and scope in all four-size categories that increase with the farm size. They are able to lower the cost of producing crops in the same farm by spreading fixed costs over two or three crops and/or by exploiting product cost complementarity, or diversifying risks.
Single Wall Nanotubes: Atomic Like Behaviour and Microscopic Approach
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Onorato, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments about the low temperature behaviour of a Single Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) showed typical Coulomb Blockade (CB) peaks in the zero bias conductance and allowed us to investigate the energy levels of interacting electrons. Other experiments confirmed the theoretical prediction about the crucial role which the long range nature of the Coulomb interaction plays in the correlated electronic transport through a SWCNT with two intramolecular tunneling barriers. In order to investigate the effects on low dimensional electron systems due to the range of electron electron repulsion, we introduce a model for the interaction which interpolates well between short and long range regimes. Our results could be compared with experimental data obtained in SWCNTs and with those obtained for an ideal vertical Quantum Dot (QD). For a better understanding of some experimental results we also discuss how defects and doping can break some symmetries of the bandstructure of a SWCNT.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
PLANTING DECISIONS AND UNCERTAIN CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROP VARIETIES
Creators: name: Saak, Alexander E.
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Saak, Alexander E.
name: Hennessy, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries

description: There exists much uncertainty about consumer attitudes towards genetically modified foods. If it happens that sufficient (insufficient) acres are planted under non-modified seed to meet post-harvest demand, then a price premium will not (will) emerge for the non-modified varieties. A non-linearity originates in the fact that a price premium may be supported. This non-linearity interacts with the extent of demand uncertainty to determine equilibrium varietal plantings and the probability that post-harvest varietal prices will differ. Also, as planting approaches signals will be received by growers about the nature of demand they will be planting into. We show how the non-linearity affects the order on the types of signals that risk-neutral growers will prefer to receive.
Erasanthe henrici Schltr. 2007, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Cribb, Phillip J.
name: Hermans, Johan
name: Roberts, David L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Erasanthe
Erasanthe henrici

description: Erasanthe henrici (Schltr.) P.J.Cribb, Hermans & D.L.Roberts, comb. nov. (Fig. 1) Aeranthes henrici Schltr., Fedde, Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilium 33: 278 (1925). — Type: Madagascar, Sambirano Mts., Manongarivo Massif, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 8128 (holo-, P!).
description: Published as part of Cribb, Phillip J., Hermans, Johan & Roberts, David L., 2007, Erasanthe (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Vandeae, Aerangidinae), a new endemic orchid genus from Madagascar, pp. 27-30 in Adansonia (3) (3) 29 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4601852
Dilepton production from hydrodynamically expanding fireball
Creators: name: Skokov, V. V.
name: Toneev, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid model is put forward for describing relativistic heavy ion collisions. The early interaction stage responsible for entropy creation is calculated within the transport Quark-Gluon String Model resulting in an initial state. The passage to subsequent isoentropic expansion proceeds with exact account for all conservation laws. Relativistic 3D hydrodynamics with the mixed phase equation of state is applied to this expansion stage. Essential differences in evolution of a fireball, described within this model and one for the Bjorken regime, are noted. The in-medium modified $e^+e^-$ spectra are studied and confronted with the recent CERES/NA45 data for 8% central Pb+Au collisions at the bombarding energy 158 AGeV.
description: Poster section of Quark Matter 2005 Conference, Budapest; submitted to Acta Physica Slovaca
DANR: Discrepancy-aware Network Regularization
Creators: name: You, Hongyuan
name: Kocayusufoglu, Furkan
name: Singh, Ambuj K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network regularization is an effective tool for incorporating structural prior knowledge to learn coherent models over networks, and has yielded provably accurate estimates in applications ranging from spatial economics to neuroimaging studies. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in extending network regularization to the spatio-temporal case to accommodate the evolution of networks. However, in both static and spatio-temporal cases, missing or corrupted edge weights can compromise the ability of network regularization to discover desired solutions. To address these gaps, we propose a novel approach---{\it discrepancy-aware network regularization} (DANR)---that is robust to inadequate regularizations and effectively captures model evolution and structural changes over spatio-temporal networks. We develop a distributed and scalable algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to solve the proposed problem with guaranteed convergence to global optimum solutions. Experimental results on both synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that our approach achieves improved performance on various tasks, and enables interpretation of model changes in evolving networks.
Optimisation of the PointPillars network for 3D object detection in point clouds
Creators: name: Stanisz, Joanna
name: Lis, Konrad
name: Kryjak, Tomasz
name: Gorgon, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we present our research on the optimisation of a deep neural network for 3D object detection in a point cloud. Techniques like quantisation and pruning available in the Brevitas and PyTorch tools were used. We performed the experiments for the PointPillars network, which offers a reasonable compromise between detection accuracy and calculation complexity. The aim of this work was to propose a variant of the network which we will ultimately implement in an FPGA device. This will allow for real-time LiDAR data processing with low energy consumption. The obtained results indicate that even a significant quantisation from 32-bit floating point to 2-bit integer in the main part of the algorithm, results in 5%-9% decrease of the detection accuracy, while allowing for almost a 16-fold reduction in size of the model.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to SPA 2020 conference
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC ACCOUNTING OF GDP
Creators: name: Qi, Shunrong
name: Xu, Lan
name: Coggins, Jay S.
name: Qi, Shunrong
name: Xu, Lan
name: Coggins, Jay S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Conventional measures of gross domestic product (GDP) fail to account for the effect of economic activity on the environment. Integrated environmental-economic (or 'green') GDP is calculated using a data-envelopment-analysis (DEA) framework. For this purpose a dynamic cross-country technology is specified and estimated. Deriving Green GDP involves subtracting the inner product of the vectors of shadow prices and environmental degradation variables from conventional GDP.
Factors affecting structure of the pinworm (oxyurida: nematoda) community of the American cockroach, periplaneta americana (Linnaeus)
Creators: name: Connor, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Thelastoma bulhoesi (Magalhaes, 1900), Leidynema appendiculatum (Leidy, 1850), and Hammerschmidtiella diesingi (Hammerschmidt, 1838), (Order Oxyurida), parasitize the colon of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus). Individual hosts may harbour 1, 2, or all three species simultaneously. These helminths inhabit the same region of the host gut, are transmitted the same way, and have similar feeding behaviours. Such similar life histories lead to the expectation that communities within hosts will be interactive, with such interactions being mainly competitive. Using 3 replicate cockroach colonies containing all species of parasite, as well as single colonies of hosts infected with either!, appendiculatum alone, or T. bulhoesi alone, I have looked for evidence of interspecific interactions in the distributions of females of each species among hosts. I examined 72 hosts from each colony, and found evidence of negative interaction between T. bulhoesi andZ,. appendiculatum, and positive interactions between these two species and H. diesingi. The first two species were found together less often than expected under an assumption of independent distribution, while H. diesingi was found with both of these species more often than expected. L. appendiculatum was more prevalent among small, immature hosts than either T. bulhoesi or H. diesingi, indicating possible niche segregation based on host size.. Examination of effects of number of females of each species in an inffacommunity on female fecundity provided further evidence for both negative and positive interactions among the species. Fecundity of both L. appendiculatum and T. bulhoesi females was reduced in the presence of H. diesingi, while that of H. diesingi was enhanced in the presence of either of these species. Analysis of dietary preference based on size of food item revealed complete overlap among the three species, though L. appendiculatum and T. bulhoesi consumed substantially more of the model food items than did H. diesingi, indicating that differences in interactions among the species may be based upon differences in diet. Lastly, larval resistance to expulsion from the host gut during host moult for T. bulhoesi and L. appendiculatum indicated that L. appendiculatum''s apparently greater ability to exploit young hosts is not based on greater resistance to expulsion from these hosts. I conclude that the three pinworm species form interactive infracommunities, but that there is evidence of both positive and negative interactions.
QUALITY MEASUREMENT AND CONTRACT DESIGN: AN EXAMPLE FROM AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Hueth, Brent
name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
name: Hueth, Brent
name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management

description: We examine agricultural contracting parties' incentives to employ quality measurement. Quality measurement will be used if on-farm production of ``quality'' is sufficiently cheap, and quality measurement sufficiently informative. We qualitatively test these predictions with empirical observation across fresh and processed commodities, and across regions for a single commodity.
Palindromic primitives and palindromic bases in the free group of rank two
Creators: name: Piggott, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E05

description: The present paper records more details of the relationship between primitive elements and palindromes in F_2, the free group of rank two. We characterise the conjugacy classes of primitive elements which contain palindromes as those which contain cyclically reduced words of odd length. We identify large palindromic subwords of certain primitives in conjugacy classes which contain cyclically reduced words of even length. We show that under obvious conditions on exponent sums, pairs of palindromic primitives form palindromic bases for F_2. Further, we note that each cyclically reduced primitive element is either a palindrome, or the concatenation of two palindromes.
description: 8 pages
THE ECONOMICS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER IMPERFECT ENFORCEMENT
Creators: name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The introduction of intellectual property rights (IPRs) is one of the most notable features of agricultural biotechnology. So are growing concerns about the widespread violation of IPRs in developing countries. This paper develops a model of heterogeneous producers to examine the economic causes of IPR infringement and its consequences for the welfare of the interest groups and the pricing and adoption of a new technology (i.e., a genetically modified seed) in the context of a small open developing economy. Enforcement of IPRs, and pricing and adoption of the new technology are modeled as a sequential game between the government that enforces the IPRs, a foreign innovating firm that prices the new technology, and the developing country's producers who make the production and cheating decisions. Analytical results show that producer compliance with the provisions of IPRs is not the natural outcome of self-interest and complete deterrence of IPR infringement is not always economically optimal. IPR infringement affects the welfare of the interest groups and has important ramifications for the pricing and adoption of the new technology. The quantitative nature of the results depends critically on the existing labeling regime. The analysis also shows that differences in the level of IPR enforcement provide an alternative justification for (and explanation of) differences in the pricing of the new technology in different countries around the world - a strategy adopted by leading innovators in the sector. Finally, the results suggest that if the penalties for IPR infringement under the TRIPs agreement follow the custom of retaliatory sanctions under the GATT, enforcement of IPRs will remain imperfect and the innovators' ability to obtain value for their biotech traits will still be limited.
Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors for Quantum Information
Creators: name: You, Lixing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is a quantum-limit superconducting optical detector based on the Cooper-pair breaking effect by a single photon, which exhibits a higher detection efficiency, lower dark count rate, higher counting rate, and lower timing jitter when compared with those exhibited by its counterparts. SNSPDs have been extensively applied in quantum information processing, including quantum key distribution and optical quantum computation. In this review, we present the requirements of single-photon detectors from quantum information, as well as the principle, key metrics, latest performance issues and other issues associated with SNSPD. The representative applications of SNSPDs with respect to quantum information will also be covered.
description: 45 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Nanophtonics
IceTop Status in 2004
Creators: name: Stanev, Todor
name: Ulrich, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IceTop is the surface component of IceCube neutrino telescope. Goals, plans and status of IceTop in 2004 are reported
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Presentation at the Neutrino Oscillation Workshop - NOW2004
THE IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL GRANTS ON BASIC EDUCATION COMPLETION: DO THE POOR BENEFIT?
Creators: name: Raymond, Melanie
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
name: Raymond, Melanie
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Cash transfers can help poor families to meet the costs associated with sending their children to school. Demand constraints are a major impediment to schooling attainment in rural areas. Educational grants can contribute to raise schooling attainment in rural areas and thereby to close the gap between educational levels in rural areas and national levels. In 1997, the Mexican government initiated such a program of cash transfers, called PROGRESA, targeted to children living in poor and extremely poor rural regions. The present work shows that the program effectively retains children in school leading to important gains in schooling attainment. The grants succeed at lowering the drop out rates by 30-45\% for the eligible grades of primary and secondary school. On average, the program increases the schooling attainment of the poor by almost 5 months, from 6.9 years to 7.4 years. Moreover, the program successfully reaches the poorest and benefits them most. Children from the second lowest well-being quintile, as measured by a poverty index, are the ones that gain most from the program, along with children of uneducated parents. Finally, relaxing demand constraints with some financial help counters effectively the school accessibility constraints at the secondary school level.
Cryptocarya agathophylla Werff, 2008, nom. nov.
Creators: name: Werff, Henk Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Laurales
Lauraceae
Cryptocarya
Cryptocarya agathophylla

description: Cryptocarya agathophylla Van der Werff, nom. nov. REPLACED SYNONYM. — Ravensara aromatica Sonn., Voyage aux Indes orientales et à la Chine III: 248 (1782), non C. aromatica (Becc.) Kosterm. (1949). TYPUS. — Commerson s.n., s.l. (lecto-, P, designated by Kostermans [1939]). REMARKS Cryptocarya agathophylla can be recognized by its sparsely appressed pubescent flowers and its glaucous leaves; most species of Cryptocarya from Madagascar have densely puberulous flowers. Its fruits and leaves are used as spice. It is the type species of Ravensara and its fragrant leaves are reflected in the generic name (Ravensara means "good leaf", as does the epithet agathophylla).
description: Published as part of Werff, Henk Van Der, 2008, A new species and new combinations in Cryptocarya from Madagascar, pp. 41-46 in Adansonia (3) (3) 30 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4601931
description: {"references": ["KOSTERMANS A. J. G. H. 1939. - Enumeratio Lauracearum Madagascariensium et ex Insulis Mascarenis. Notulae Systematicae 8: 67 - 128."]}
Tess asteroseismology of the known planet host star $λ^2$ Fornacis
Creators: name: Nielsen, M. B.
name: Ball, W. H.
name: Standing, M. R.
name: Triaud, A. H. M. J.
name: Buzasi, D.
name: Carboneau, L.
name: Stassun, K. G.
name: Kane, S. R.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: Bellinger, E. P.
name: Mosser, B.
name: Roxburgh, I. W.
name: Orhan, Z. Çelik
name: Yıldız, M.
name: Örtel, S.
name: Vrard, M.
name: Mazumdar, A.
name: Ranadive, P.
name: Deal, M.
name: Davies, G. R.
name: Campante, T. L.
name: García, R. A.
name: Mathur, S.
name: González-Cuesta, L.
name: Serenelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is observing bright known planet-host stars across almost the entire sky. These stars have been subject to extensive ground-based observations, providing a large number of radial velocity (RV) measurements. In this work we use the new TESS photometric observations to characterize the star $λ^2$ Fornacis, and following this to update the parameters of the orbiting planet $λ^2$ For b. We measure the p-mode oscillation frequencies in $λ^2$ For, and in combination with non-seismic parameters estimate the stellar fundamental properties using stellar models. Using the revised stellar properties and a time series of archival RV data from the UCLES, HIRES and HARPS instruments spanning almost 20 years, we refit the orbit of $λ^2$ For b and search the RV residuals for remaining variability. We find that $λ^2$ For has a mass of $1.16\pm0.03$M$_\odot$ and a radius of $1.63\pm0.04$R$_\odot$, with an age of $6.3\pm0.9$Gyr. This and the updated RV measurements suggest a mass of $λ^2$ For b of $16.8^{+1.2}_{-1.3}$M$_\oplus$, which is $\sim5$M$_\oplus$ less than literature estimates. We also detect a periodicity at 33 days in the RV measurements, which is likely due to the rotation of the host star. While previous literature estimates of the properties of $λ^2$ are ambiguous, the asteroseismic measurements place the star firmly at the early stage of its subgiant evolutionary phase. Typically only short time series of photometric data are available from TESS, but by using asteroseismology it is still possible to provide tight constraints on the properties of bright stars that until now have only been observed from the ground. This prompts a reexamination of archival RV data from the past few decades to update the characteristics of the planet hosting systems observed by TESS for which asteroseismology is possible.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 12 pages, 11 figures
THE IMPACT OF HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL DETERMINANTS OF CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION: CROSS-COUNTRY EVIDENCE FROM WEST AFRICA
Creators: name: Penders, Christopher L.
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Penders, Christopher L.
name: Staatz, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: West Africa
subject: Economic Development
subject: Health
subject: Nutrition

description: Poor child health and nutrition persist throughout West Africa. This research analyzes the impact of key economic variables, including income, education and background characteristics, on child health and nutrition across nine different countries. The results are interpreted in the context of differing levels of economic development among these nations. The findings do not show wealth and parental education to be robust across the sample, but maternal background characteristics have a positive, statistically significant and highly consistent effect across all the countries. The importance of mothers' height does not simply represent a genetic influence, but can be interpreted to signify that women with a healthier upbringing, and hence taller, have healthier children, ceteris parabus. This finding is consistent with long run observations that increases in health (and height) coincide with economic development.
Essays on second-best economic policymaking with price makers
Creators: name: Duhamel, Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The first essay of this dissertation analyzes the claim that a Marshallian total surplus optimum characterizes a second-best Pareto optimum in a general equilibrium model with price makers. The main result of this essay is that a Marshallian total surplus optimum corresponds to a second-best Pareto optimum when (i) the consumer's preferences are quasi-linear with respect to a numeraire, and (ii) for all other markets except the one under consideration, first-best (or Paretian) optimality conditions are satisfied. The second essay characterizes the optimal regulatory policy for point-source pollution emissions when firms are competing in Cournot fashion in the product market and have private information about their own cost. It is shown that the optimal regulatory policy benefits from the strategic interaction between the firms in the output market even though the firms' private information is uncorrelated. The firms strategic interaction in the output market acts as an information correlation externality that mitigates the wellknown "rent-extraction efficiency" trade-off. Each firms' opportunity to over-report their costs is reduced because the output market's strategic interaction reduces the profitability of infra-marginal units if they do. The main result shows that optimal environmental regulations discriminate between firms of given industry. Moreover, it is shown that if the regulator believes that firm A is always more likely to be efficient than firm B (in the sense of first-order stochastic dominance) and that both firms are equally efficient ex post, then firm A faces a higher marginal tax than its competitor. In light of this result, it is argued that the model provides theoretical foundations for grandfather clauses in environmental regulations.
Cryptocarya ovalifolia Werff, 2008, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Werff, Henk Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Laurales
Lauraceae
Cryptocarya
Cryptocarya ovalifolia

description: Cryptocarya ovalifolia (Danguy) Van der Werff, comb. nov. BASIONYM. — Ravensara ovalifolia Danguy, Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 26: 548 (1920). TYPUS. — Madagascar. Thouvenot 72 (holo-, P). REMARKS This species is similar to Cryptocarya crassifolia Baker, but differs in having leaves with fewer lateral veins (3 or 4 vs. 5 or 6), a slightly areolate (vs. smooth) upper leaf surface and a longer indument on the young twigs. Mostly because of the indument difference, I accept C. ovalifolia as a distinct species. The few collections I have seen all come from the Perinet-Andasibe region.
description: Published as part of Werff, Henk Van Der, 2008, A new species and new combinations in Cryptocarya from Madagascar, pp. 41-46 in Adansonia (3) (3) 30 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4601931
Enhancing NEMD with automatic shear rate sampling to model viscosity and correction of systematic errors in modelling density: Application to linear and light branched alkanes
Creators: name: Santak, Pavao
name: Conduit, Gareth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We perform molecular dynamics simulations to model density as a function of temperature for 74 alkanes with 5 to 10 carbon atoms and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations in the NVT ensemble to model kinematic viscosity of 10 linear alkanes as a function of molecular weight, pressure, and temperature. To model density, we perform simulations in the NPT ensemble before applying correction factors to exploit the systematic error in the SciPCFF force field, and compare results to experimental values, obtaining an average absolute deviation of 3.4g/l at 25 $^{\circ}$ C and of 7.2g/l at 100 $^{\circ}$ C. We develop a sampling algorithm that automatically selects good shear rates at which to perform viscosity simulations in the NVT ensemble and use Carreau model with weighted least squares regression to extrapolate Newtonian viscosity. Viscosity simulations are performed at experimental densities and show an excellent agreement with experimental viscosities, with an average percent deviation of -1% and an average absolute percent deviation of 5%. Future plans to study and apply the sampling algorithm are outlined.
1/f Noise in Fractal Quaternionic Structures
Creators: name: Meskauskas, T.
name: Kaulakys, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the logistic map over quaternions $\mathbb{H}\sim\mathbb{R}^4$ and different 2D projections of Mandelbrot set in 4D quaternionic space. The approximations (for finite number of iterations) of these 2D projections are fractal circles. We show that the point process defined by radiuses $R_j$ of those fractal circles exhibits pure 1/f noise.
description: Corrected figures, 5 pages, 4 figures, ICNF 2005
AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE ELASTICITY OF EXCESS DEMAND FACING THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Miller, Douglas J.
name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Miller, Douglas J.
name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The United States embarked on a policy assuming excess demands for commodities are elastic. Some analysts question the success of that policy and argue that excess demands for farm commodities are inelastic. The controversy is deepened because the two traditional techniques for determining excess demand elasticities yield opposing estimates. We use an alternative technique based on observed variation in commodity prices, production, and use. The point estimates show excess demands for wheat, coarse grains, soybeans, rice, and cotton are elastic. However, a one-sided bootstrap test cannot reject the null hypothesis that the excess demands for wheat, coarse grains, and soybeans are inelastic.
Specialist Care in Rural Hospitals: From Emergency Department Consultation to Hospital Discharge
Creators: name: Klein, Michael G.
name: Verter, Vedat
name: Hughie F. Fraser
name: Moses, Brian G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In urban and rural hospitals, congested Emergency Departments (EDs) are filled with patients boarding in the ED awaiting admission to inpatient wards. We study this problem beyond the walls of the ED, examining the multi-departmental process managed by specialists. In rural hospitals, an Internal Medicine Specialist (Internist) commonly serves simultaneously as both the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) physician and Internist on call. We develop a stochastic dynamic programming framework for specialists’ workflow decisions and apply it to data sets developed from two rural hospitals. One uses the dual role approach and the other, similar to urban hospitals, staffs the ICU with another physician, each with a single role. Our empirical results show that, excluding an overnight batch, arrivals of ED consultation requests for rural specialists follow a homogeneous Poisson process. Our models help identify better policies and determine how much better off a hospital is with two rather than one Internist on call. Although current guidelines suggest an early inpatient discharge strategy, we find that specialists should give higher priority to ED consultations unless a threshold number of patients are boarding in the ED or until a threshold time of day when specialists should give higher priority to inpatient discharges.
PESTICIDE REGULATION IN CALIFORNIA
Creators: name: Goodhue, Rachael E.
name: Wiersma, Kelly
name: Goodhue, Rachael E.
name: Wiersma, Kelly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A necessary condition for socially desirable regulation is that total social benefits outweigh total social costs. We report available information regarding the costs of pesticide regulation in California, and evaluate the likelihood that the generated benefits outweigh these costs. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for future policy research and reforms.
Target Normal Spin Asymmetry of the Elastic ep-Scattering at Resonance Energy
Creators: name: Borisyuk, Dmitry
name: Kobushkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the target normal spin asymmetry for the reaction $ep \to ep$ at electron energy up to few GeV in the laboratory frame. The asymmetry is proportional to the imaginary part of the reaction scattering amplitude. To estimate the imaginary part of the amplitude we use the unitarity relation and saturate the intermediate hadron states by the proton and resonances from the first, second and third resonance regions. The resonance electromagnetic transition amplitudes, needed to evaluate the asymmetry, are taken from experiment.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Quantum Darwinism and the spreading of classical information in non-classical theories
Creators: name: Baldijao, Roberto D.
name: Krumm, Marius
name: Garner, Andrew J. P.
name: Mueller, Markus P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Darwinism posits that the emergence of a classical reality relies on the spreading of classical information from a quantum system to many parts of its environment. But what are the essential physical principles of quantum theory that make this mechanism possible? We address this question by formulating the simplest instance of Darwinism - CNOT-like fan-out interactions - in a class of probabilistic theories that contain classical and quantum theory as special cases. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for any theory to admit such interactions. We find that every theory with non-classical features that admits this idealized spreading of classical information must have both entangled states and entangled measurements. Furthermore, we show that Spekkens' toy theory admits this form of Darwinism, and so do all probabilistic theories that satisfy principles like strong symmetry, or contain a certain type of decoherence processes. Our result suggests the counter-intuitive general principle that in the presence of local non-classicality, a classical world can only emerge if this non-classicality can be "amplified" to a form of entanglement.
description: 17+4 pages, 6 figures. Roberto D. Baldijao and Marius Krumm share first authorship of this paper. v2: added several clarifications; accepted by Quantum
Cryptocarya subtriplinervia Werff, 2008, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Werff, Henk Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Laurales
Lauraceae
Cryptocarya
Cryptocarya subtriplinervia

description: Cryptocarya subtriplinervia (Kosterm.) Van der Werff, comb. nov. BASIONYM. — Ravensara subtriplinervia Kosterm., Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'État, Bruxelles 28: 190 (1958). TYPUS. — Madagascar. Ifarantsa-Fort Dauphin, Réserves Naturelles 3421 (holo-, P). REMARKS The type collection is from the SE part of Madagascar, near Fort Dauphin, and I have seen several recent collections from the same region. It can be recognized by its smooth, glabrous leaves with weakly tripliveined venation. Kostermans (1958) also included collections from the Sambava region in the NE in this species. Recent collections from the area around the Baie d'Antongil differ from typical C. subtriplinervia in having larger leaves and inflorescences and their status needs to be reexamined.
description: Published as part of Werff, Henk Van Der, 2008, A new species and new combinations in Cryptocarya from Madagascar, pp. 41-46 in Adansonia (3) (3) 30 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4601931
description: {"references": ["KOSTERMANS A. J. G. H. 1958. - Le genre Ravensara Sonn. (Lauracees) a Madagascar. Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat, Bruxelles 28: 173 - 191."]}
ACCESSING SEED THROUGH SHARECROPPING: A RISK-SHARING STRATEGY FOR ANDEAN FARMERS
Creators: name: Godtland, Erin
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
name: De Janvry, Alain
name: Murgai, Rinku
name: Godtland, Erin
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
name: De Janvry, Alain
name: Murgai, Rinku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: In the Northern Andes, one of the riskiest agriculture climates in the world, farmers use sharecropping to obtain seed, their most costly input. With survey data from Peru, this paper calculates that the cost of seed, when it is provided though sharecropping, is two times higher than the market price. We test the hypothesis that risk-averse farmers are willing to pay more to receive seed through sharecropping because the contract provides implicit crop insurance.
Strategic Joint Production Under Common-Pool Output Quotas: The Case of Fisheries Bycatch
Creators: name: Abbott, Joshua K.
name: Wilen, James E.
name: Abbott, Joshua K.
name: Wilen, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We develop a simple game-theoretic model to explain the production decisions of firms when the production of a marketed good is complementary with the output of an associated good for which no market is available and the output of both goods is regulated by exogenously determined common pool output quotas. This scenario matches that of many fisheries in which regulators attempt to simultaneously manage harvests of targeted species and bycatch of other species through common pool quotas and seasonal closures. Under a competitive equilibrium, individual fishermen fail to fully account for the external effects of their harvest decisions on the season length, leading to excessive discards, drastically shortened seasons, and large shares of un-harvested quota for all but the smallest of fishery sizes. These results are robust for even very efficient (low-bycatch) fishing gears. We examine the sensitivity of our predictions to changes in output prices, discard costs, quota allocations and differing degrees of spatial correlation of target and bycatch species. Finally, we derive the optimal bycatch penalty function and describe its significance in light of various policy alternatives available to regulators.