cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GOALS TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. ACHIEVEMENT OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN RUSSIA AND IN THE WORLD
Creators: name: Muslim Eskiev
name: Aishat Baysangurova
name: Yaumieva, Elita
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: greenhouse gas emissions
climate initiatives
climate change
environmental protection
technological solutions

description: The fight against climate change is one of the key tasks both at the international level and in a single country. All regions of the world today are assessing the negative consequences of global warming, developing regulatory mechanisms in order to reduce the negative impact on the climate and adapt to it as much as possible, as well as transform economies to move towards a low-carbon development model. Goals are set and commitments are made to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. More than 140 countries, accounting for 90% of global GHG emissions, have already reported targets for achieving carbon neutrality. Accordingly, business and entire sectors of the economy determine their opportunities in this direction, setting their own goals and identifying tools for reducing emissions and developing new technological solutions. Obviously, it is impossible to immediately switch to a new economic model and technologies with zero greenhouse gas emissions. For some industries, in principle, such solutions are complex, and alternatives to them appear extremely slowly. To achieve carbon neutrality goals, carbon dioxide capture, capture and storage projects play an important role. A climate project is a set of measures that reduce (prevent) greenhouse gas emissions or increase GHG1 absorption. The result of the implementation of climate projects are carbon units, expressed as the number of avoided or absorbed emissions in tons of CO2 equivalent. Special requirements are imposed on these projects and their justification, and their results are confirmed by external experts.
GREENHOUSE GAS MANAGEMENT AND RELATED ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Creators: name: Rashiya Bekmurzaeva
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: global warming
greenhouse gases
carbon neutrality
emission reduction
Paris Agreement

description: In this article, the author talks about a global change in society warming. It is based on the adverse effects of climate change – health risks, flooding, fires, land degradation. The reason for all these climate changes is the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases. Combating climate change, greenhouse gas emissions achieving carbon neutrality or decarbonization.
Topological pressure for discontinuous semiflows and a variational principle for impulsive dynamical systems
Creators: name: Backes, Lucas
name: Rodrigues, Fagner B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37A05, 37A35

description: We introduce four, a priori different, notions of topological pressure for possibly discontinuous semiflows acting on compact metric spaces and observe that they all agree with the classical one when restricted to the continuous setting. Moreover, for a class of \emph{impulsive semiflows}, which are examples of discontinuous systems, we prove a variational principle. As a consequence, we conclude that for this class of systems the four notions coincide and, moreover, they also coincide with the notion of topological pressure introduced in \cite{ACS17}.
Additional file 1 of Health-related quality of life in the randomized phase 3 study of ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel in platinum-refractory advanced urothelial carcinoma (RANGE)
Creators: name: Necchi, Andrea
name: Nishiyama, Hiroyuki
name: Matsubara, Nobuaki
name: Jae-Lyun Lee
name: Petrylak, Daniel P.
name: Wit, Ronald De
name: Drakaki, Alexandra
name: Liepa, Astra M.
name: Huzhang Mao
name: Bell-McGuinn, Katherine
name: Powles, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Change from baseline in QLQ-C30 scales (except Global QoL). DOC = docetaxel; PL = placebo; QLQ-C30 = Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30; RAM = ramucirumab; SEM = standard error of the mean. Figure S2. Distributions of dimension responses for EQ-5D-5L (patients who provided data) DOC = docetaxel; EQ-5D-5L = EQ-5D-5L = EuroQoL five-dimensions; n = number of patients; PL = placebo; RAM = ramucirumab. Figure S3. Kaplan-Meier TtD plots of QLQ-C30 scales with less than 65% censoring CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio. Figure S4. Proportion of patients with improved, stable, or worsened QLQ-C30 scales (except global QoL, fatigue, pain, insomnia) DOC = docetaxel; PL = placebo; QLQ-C30 = Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30; QoL = quality of life; RAM = ramucirumab.
HEALTH RISK MANAGEMENT AS AN INNOVATIVE MECHANISM FOR ENSURING OIL REFINERIES ARE SAFE FOR THE LOCAL POPULATION
Creators: name: Fomenko, Marina
name: Fomenko, Georgy
name: Sahiba Kalaeva
name: Skuratova, Elena
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: risk management
health risk assessment
chemical air pollution
regulatory level of residual health risk
priority risk-posing oil refineries
priority risk-posing chemical toxicants

description: The research is aimed at developing and approbation of decision-making algorithm to ensure environmental safety of oil refining areas for local population based on the mechanism of health risk assessment. Its implementation at all stages of the life cycle of environmentally hazardous production facilities ensures compliance with the regulatory level of environmental impacts on the border of the enterprise sanitary protection zone and the adjacent residential areas. Methodologically, the research is based on conceptual provisions of the risk management theory and corresponding standards of ISO 31000 series, which prescribe regulated risk management procedures: risk identification (by risk hazards and their sources); risk assessment and their prioritization by degree of significance; planning and implementation of risk management tools; monitoring residual risks. Risk assessment was performed using the standard Russian health risk assessment methodology. The algorithm is a set of sequential procedures for making decisions to ensure the residual health risk meets regulatory requirements. Emphasis is placed on the stages of design and operation of an environmentally hazardous facility when the level of health risks posed is particularly sensitive to the results of the decisions made. Timely identification of hazards and assessment of health risks allows to define the location of environmentally hazardous facilities at the design, considering their risk-posing capacity. During operation stage, the riskiest areas of the sanitary protection zone boundary and the industrial site, priority facilities and chemical toxicants (in terms of created risks) are identified. This provides a basis for adjusting the industrial and environmental control programs, prioritizing investment programs and plans of environmental protection (considering the expected reduction of the health risk), as well as operational documentation (to minimize the possibility of creating high risk emissions). Risk management tools are used risk avoidance, reducing the severity of consequences, reducing the probability of risks. The algorithm makes it possible to ensure meeting the regulatory requirements for residual health risk during the operation of environmentally hazardous oil refinery facility, while avoiding significant financial costs because of environmentally insufficient planning and technological decisions made. The algorithm can be used for the operating industrial facilities and new construction objects, regardless of the industry specifics. It is applicable to chemical pollution of atmospheric air, acoustic and electromagnetic influence, pollution of water.
Critical transaction costs and 1-step asymptotic arbitrage in fractional binary markets
Creators: name: Cordero, Fernando
name: Perez-Ostafe, Lavinia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60G22, 60G50, 91B24, 91B26

description: We study the arbitrage opportunities in the presence of transaction costs in a sequence of binary markets approximating the fractional Black-Scholes model. This approximating sequence was constructed by Sottinen and named fractional binary markets. Since, in the frictionless case, these markets admit arbitrage, we aim to determine the size of the transaction costs needed to eliminate the arbitrage from these models. To gain more insight, we first consider only 1-step trading strategies and we prove that arbitrage opportunities appear when the transaction costs are of order $o(1/\sqrt{N})$. Next, we characterize the asymptotic behavior of the smallest transaction costs $λ_c^{(N)}$, called "critical" transaction costs, starting from which the arbitrage disappears. Since the fractional Black-Scholes model is arbitrage-free under arbitrarily small transaction costs, one could expect that $λ_c^{(N)}$ converges to zero. However, the true behavior of $λ_c^{(N)}$ is opposed to this intuition. More precisely, we show, with the help of a new family of trading strategies, that $λ_c^{(N)}$ converges to one. We explain this apparent contradiction and conclude that it is appropriate to see the fractional binary markets as a large financial market and to study its asymptotic arbitrage opportunities. Finally, we construct a $1$-step asymptotic arbitrage in this large market when the transaction costs are of order $o(1/N^H)$, whereas for constant transaction costs, we prove that no such opportunity exists.
description: 21 pages
A lower bound on the stable 4-genus of knots
Creators: name: Iltgen, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: We present a lower bound on the stable $4$-genus of a knot based on Casson-Gordon $τ$-signatures. We compute the lower bound for an infinite family of knots, the twist knots, and show that a twist knot is torsion in the knot concordance group if and only if it has vanishing stable $4$-genus.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, comments welcome. V3: Corrected the statement of Proposition 4 and 6, and Theorem 7 (main theorem). Applications to twist knots remain valid and unchanged
HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE SHIRVAN STEPPE OF AZERBAIJAN
Creators: name: Gulmammadov, Chingiz
name: Makhluga Mammadova
name: Allahverdi Tagiyev
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: groundwater
pressure water
mineralization
chemical composition
groundwater level
salinity
regime
regime-forming factors

description: According to the results of the author`s research on the long-term average level of groundwater, the degree of mineralization, salinization of soils and changes in groundwater regime during 1977-2020, as well as the collection of materials in this direction during 1930-2020, the hydro-geological conditions of the Shirvan plain were studied. Based on the analysis of the results the regime types of groundwater were separated and a correlative dependence was found between regime types and factors forming the regime. Five genetic types have been identified according to the factors forming the regime and the synchrony of changes in groundwater levels. Under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, the level of groundwater, the degree of mineralization, the chemical composition, the chemical composition and salinity of the soils have changed. During the period from 1958 to 2020, the level of groundwater in the area increased by more than 4.1 m due to irrigated agriculture, and their mineralization degree decreased by 16.2 g/l due to filtration of the surface water and removal of mineralized water through drainage. As a result of the analysis regime types of groundwater were separated and a correlative dependence was found between regime types and factors forming the regime. According to the factors forming the regime and the synchrony of changes in groundwater levels, the genetic types of the regime-climate, hydrological, irrigation, irrigation-drainage, irrigation were separated and their areas of distribution were determined. The climate type regime is characterized by a high correlation between the rise and fall of groundwater level and the seasonal and perennial periodicity of atmospheric precipitation, the hydrological type is characterized by a similar dependence on the surface flow, the irrigation-drainage type is characterized by a similar dependence between irrigation water and surface water basins.
Liquid movement across the surface epithelium of large airways
Creators: name: Chambers, Lucy A.
name: Tarran, Robert
name: Rollins, Brett M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The cystic fibrosis conductance regulator CFTR gene is found on chromosome 7 (Kerem et al., 1989; Riordan et al., 1989) and encodes for a 1,480 amino acid protein which is present in the plasma membrane of epithelial cells (Anderson et al., 1992). This protein appears to have many functions, but a unifying theme is that it acts as a protein kinase C- and cyclic AMP-regulated Cl- channel (Winpenny et al., 1995; Jia et al., 1997). In the superficial epithelium of the conducting airways, CFTR is involved in Cl- secretion (Boucher, 2003) and also acts as a regulator of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) and hence Na+ absorption (Boucher et al., 1986; Stutts et al., 1995). In this chapter, we will discuss the regulation of these two ion channels, and how they can influence liquid movement across the superficial airway epithelium.
ALMA observations of the debris disk around the young Solar Analog HD 107146
Creators: name: Ricci, L.
name: Carpenter, J. M.
name: Fu, B.
name: Hughes, A. M.
name: Corder, S.
name: Isella, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA continuum observations at a wavelength of 1.25 mm of the debris disk surrounding the $\sim$ 100 Myr old solar analog HD 107146. The continuum emission extends from about 30 to 150 AU from the central star with a decrease in the surface brightness at intermediate radii. We analyze the ALMA interferometric visibilities using debris disk models with radial profiles for the dust surface density parametrized as i) a single power-law, ii) a single power-law with a gap, and iii) a double power-law. We find that models with a gap of radial width $\sim 8$ AU at a distance of $\sim 80$ AU from the central star, as well as double power-law models with a dip in the dust surface density at $\sim 70$ AU provide significantly better fits to the ALMA data than single power-law models. We discuss possible scenarios for the origin of the HD 107146 debris disk using models of planetesimal belts in which the formation of Pluto-sized objects trigger disruptive collisions of large bodies, as well as models which consider the interaction of a planetary system with a planetesimal belt and spatial variation of the dust opacity across the disk. If future observations with higher angular resolution and sensitivity confirm the fully-depleted gap structure discussed here, a planet with a mass of approximately a few Earth masses in a nearly circular orbit at $\sim 80$ AU from the central star would be a possible explanation for the presence of the gap.
description: (38 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ)
Some homological properties of category $\mathcal{O}$, V
Creators: name: Ko, Hankyung
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Mrđen, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute projective dimension of translated simple modules in the regular block of the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ in terms of Kazhdan-Lusztig combinatorics. This allows us to determine which projectives can appear at the last step of a minimal projective resolution for a translated simple module, confirming a conjecture by Johan Kåhrström. We also derive some inequalities, in terms of Lusztig's $\mathbf{a}$-function, for possible degrees in which the top (or socle) of a translated simple module can live. Finally, we relate Kostant's problem with decomposability and isomorphism of translated simple modules, addressing yet another conjecture by Johan Kåhrström.
Interaction corrections to the minimal conductivity of graphene via dimensional regularization
Creators: name: Teber, S.
name: Kotikov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the two-loop interaction correction to the minimal conductivity of disorder-free intrinsic graphene with the help of dimensional regularization. The calculation is done in two different ways: via density-density and via current-current correlation functions. Upon properly renormalizing the perturbation theory, in both cases, we find that: $σ= σ_0\,( 1 + \al\,(19-6π)/12) \approx σ_0 \,(1 + 0.01\, \al)$, where $\al = e^2 / (4 π\hbar v)$ is the renormalized fine structure constant and $σ_0 = e^2 / (4 \hbar)$. Our results are consistent with experimental uncertainties and resolve a theoretical dispute.
description: (v2) 5 pages, 2 figures, ref [19] added, minor typos corrected, no change in results. (v1) 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study
Creators: name: Reljic, Dejan
name: Frenk, Fabienne
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
name: Neurath, Markus F.
name: Zopf, Yurdagül
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Intention-to-treat analysis of VO2max before and after the intervention (including data of all participants who were enrolled in the study).
Stochastic thermodynamics with information reservoirs
Creators: name: Barato, Andre C.
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize stochastic thermodynamics to include information reservoirs. Such information reservoirs, which can be modeled as a sequence of bits, modify the second law. For example, work extraction from a system in contact with a single heat bath becomes possible if the system also interacts with an information reservoir. We obtain an inequality, and the corresponding fluctuation theorem, generalizing the standard entropy production of stochastic thermodynamics. From this inequality we can derive an information processing entropy production, which gives the second law in the presence of information reservoirs. We also develop a systematic linear response theory for information processing machines. For a unicyclic machine powered by an information reservoir, the efficiency at maximum power can deviate from the standard value of 1/2. For the case where energy is consumed to erase the tape, the efficiency at maximum erasure rate is found to be 1/2.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Graph complexes and Feynman rules
Creators: name: Berghoff, Marko
name: Kreimer, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T15, 81Q30, 18G85, 57T05, 14D21

description: We investigate Feynman graphs and their Feynman rules from the viewpoint of graph complexes. We focus on graph homology and on the appearance of cubical complexes when either reducing internal edges or when removing them by putting them on the massshell.
description: 48 p, 15 Figures, as to appear in CNTP
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GROUNDWATER OF THE GANIKH-AYRICHAY FOOTHILLS
Creators: name: Rzaeva, Sevinj
name: Allahverdi Tagiyev
name: Zeynalova, Sevil
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: water supply
aquifer
percent of mineralization
Ganikh-Ayrichay foothill plain
climate change

description: Climate change has a negative impact on the water resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan. If we take into account that approximately 70 percent of the water resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan are formed at the expense of transboundary rivers, then the situation becomes even more complicated. According to the generally accepted hydrogeological zoning scheme of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Ganikh-Ayrichay artesian basin is a class II artesian basin, included in the composition of the Kura basin. Ganikh-Ayrichay water valley is one of the underground water deposits of Azerbaijan, distinguished by its fresh water resources. Thus, since 2010, 5 m³ of fresh water per second has been transported from this field to Baku through the water pipeline. In recent years, climate change has had a negative impact on the water resources formed in the Ganikh-Ayrichay foothill plain. Observations on the regime of underground water show that the level and consumption of water in pressurized water wells has decreased.
On Picard Groups of Perfectoid Covers of Toric Varieties
Creators: name: Dorfsman-Hopkins, Gabriel
name: Ray, Anwesh
name: Wear, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G45, 14M25

description: Let $X$ be a proper smooth toric variety over a perfectoid field of prime residue characteristic $p$. We study the perfectoid space $\mathcal{X}^{perf}$ which covers $X$ constructed by Scholze, showing that $\text{Pic}(\mathcal{X}^{perf})$ is canonically isomorphic to $\text{Pic}(X)[p^{-1}]$. We also compute the cohomology of line bundles on $\mathcal{X}^{perf}$ and establish analogs of Demazure and Batyrev-Borisov vanishing. This generalizes the first author's analogous results for "projectivoid space".
description: 29 pages, accepted for publication in the European J. of Mathematics
New hominin dental remains from the ∼2.04–1.95 Ma Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa
Creators: name: Leece, Angeline
name: Martin, Jess
name: Baker, S
name: Wilson, Coen
name: Strait, DS
name: Schwartz, GT
name: Herries, Andrew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3104
subject: Evolutionary biology
classificationCode: 430102
subject: Archaeology of Asia, Africa and the Americas

description: Background: The Drimolen Palaeocave site is situated within the UNESCO Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa World Heritage Area and has yielded numerous hominin fossils since its discovery in 1992. Most of these fossils are represented by isolated dental elements, which have been attributed to either of two distinct hominin genera, Paranthropus and Homo. Aim: This paper provides morphological descriptions for a further 19 specimens that have been recovered from the ∼2.04–1.95 Ma Drimolen Main Quarry (DMQ) deposits since 2008. This paper also discusses the two primary hypotheses used to explain Paranthropus robustus variation: sexual dimorphism, and micro-evolution within a lineage. Subjects and methods: These 19 fossils are represented by 47 dental elements and expand the sample of DMQ early Homo from 13 to 15, and the sample of Paranthropus robustus from 69 to 84. Results: The evidence presented in this paper was found to be inconsistent with the sexual dimorphism hypothesis. Conclusion: Some support was found for the micro-evolution hypothesis.
When Is the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson Distribution Infinitely Divisible?
Creators: name: Geng, Xi
name: Xia, Aihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60F05, Secondary 60E05, 60E07

description: An essential character for a distribution to play a central role in the limit theory is infinite divisibility. In this note, we prove that the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (CMP) distribution is infinitely divisible iff it is the Poisson or geometric distribution. This explains that, despite its applications in a wide range of fields, there is no theoretical foundation for the CMP distribution to be a natural candidate for the law of small numbers.
description: 11 pages
Defect fusing rules in affine Toda field theory
Creators: name: Robertson, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of fusing rules for defects in a^(1)_r affine Toda field theories is introduced in the classical and quantum contexts. This idea is employed in finding a new transmission matrix for the a^(1)_3 theory which obeys the triangle relations and the crossing-unitarity relations.
description: 18 pages, typos corrected, two references added
IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF MEASURING SOIL MOISTURE FOR EARLY WARNING OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH EXCESSIVE WATER CONTENT IN THE SOIL
Creators: name: Huseynova, Rena
name: Amida Aliyeva
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: soil
water content
spectral indices
water vapor
risks
early warning

description: Early warning of the risks associated with excessive soil moisture is important for various areas of production. For example, during the construction of multi-storey buildings, a hydrophysical examination of the soil is necessarily carried out, its water content is measured. In the field of flood forecasting, the sites of previous floods and the residual water content and water capacity of the soil are necessarily investigated. In agriculture, in order to avoid water stress of cultivated plants, the water content of the soil is examined before irrigation. All these examples show that in order to reduce risks, it is necessary to investigate the factors that create these risks and, if possible, more accurately assess the current values of these factors. The article is devoted to the issues of improving the accuracy of determining the spectral indices used to determine soil moisture. The main disadvantage of such indices is that they use the spectral absorption lines of water vapor. Consequently, the use of these indices requires adequate compensation for the influence of the atmosphere. The solution of this problem was carried out on the basis of the following provisions (a) for seven classes of soils, a model expression for the dependence of the reflection spectrum on the moisture content in the soil is known; (b) they have experimentally taken curves of the indicated dependence; (c) a function of the dependence of the experimentally measured value of soil reflection on the degree of soil moisture is introduced; (d) the search for the optimal form of the introduced function is carried out at which the square of the difference between the experimentally measured reflection value and the known model function reaches a minimum value. In this case, this search is carried out by the method of variational optimization, subject to the introduction of some restrictive condition on the desired function, using the form of continuous recording of discrete sums; (e) by equating the calculated optimal function with the experimentally obtained reflection value at a particular wavelength, calculate the water content of the soil. Use the wavelength where the estimate of water content is minimal is recommended.
Euler Characteristics and their Congruences for Multi-signed Selmer Groups
Creators: name: Ray, Anwesh
name: Sujatha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R23, 11G05

description: The notion of the truncated Euler characteristic for Iwasawa modules is a generalization of the the usual Euler characteristic to the case when the cohomology groups are not finite. Let $p$ be an odd prime, $E_1$ and $E_2$ be elliptic curves over a number field $F$ with semistable reduction at all primes $v|p$ such that the $\operatorname{Gal}(\bar{F}/F)$-modules $E_1[p]$ and $E_2[p]$ are irreducible and isomorphic. We compare the Iwasawa invariants of certain imprimitive multisigned Selmer groups of $E_1$ and $E_2$. Leveraging these results, congruence relations for the truncated Euler characteristics associated to these Selmer groups over certain $\mathbb{Z}_p^m$-extensions of $F$ are studied. Our results extend earlier congruence relations for elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ with good ordinary reduction at $p$.
description: 23 pages
Coupling of airway ciliary activity and mucin secretion to mechanical stresses by purinergic signaling
Creators: name: Lazarowski, Eduardo
name: Davis, C. William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The mucociliary clearance system is comprised of three components, ion transport activities controlling the height of airway surface liquid (ASL), mucin secretion, and ciliary activity. These activities in humans are controlled principally by local agonists, extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides released from the epithelium. Importantly, mechanical stresses stimulate goblet cell mucin secretion, ciliary beating, and Cl− and fluid secretion through mechanically-induced nucleotide release. Emerging evidence also implicates co-secretion of nucleotides and mucin from goblet cells as a source of extracellular agonist. At rest, ATP is released onto airway surfaces at ∼370 fmoles/min cm2, but only ∼3% of released ATP is recovered in ASL. Secreted UTP meets with a similar fate. A wide variety of hydrolytic and trans-phosphorylating ecto-enzymes convert the triphosphate nucleotides into ADP, AMP, and adenosine, UDP, UMP, and uridine. Of these, ATP, adenosine, UTP, and UDP act as agonists at apical P2Y2 (ATP, UTP), P2Y6 (UDP), and A2B (adenosine) receptors on ciliated and/or goblet cells to regulate mucociliary clearance.
Warming acts through earlier snowmelt to advance but not extend alpine community flowering
Creators: name: Jabis, Meredith
name: Winkler, Daniel
name: Kueppers, Lara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: alpine community flowering
plant phenology
field survey data

description: Large-scale warming will alter multiple local climate factors in alpine tundra, yet very few experimental studies examine the combined yet distinct influences of earlier snowmelt, higher temperatures and altered soil moisture on alpine ecosystems. This limits our ability to predict responses to climate change by plant species and communities. To address this gap, we used infrared heaters and manual watering in a fully factorial experiment to determine the relative importance of these climate factors on plant flowering phenology, and response differences among plant functional groups. Heating advanced snowmelt and flower initiation, but exposed plants to colder early-spring conditions in the period prior to first flower, indicating that snowmelt timing, not temperature, advances flowering initiation in the alpine community. Flowering duration was largely conserved; heating did not extend average species flowering into the latter part of the growing season but instead flowering was completed earlier in heated plots. Although passive warming experiments have resulted in warming-induced soil drying suggested to advance flower senescence, supplemental water did not counteract the average species advance in flowering senescence caused by heating or extend flowering in unheated plots, and variation in soil moisture had inconsistent effects on flowering periods. Functional groups differed in sensitivity to earlier snowmelt, with flower initiation most advanced for early-season species and flowering duration lengthened only for graminoids and forbs. We conclude that earlier snowmelt, driven by increased radiative heating, is the most important factor altering alpine flowering phenology. Studies that only manipulate summer temperature will err in estimating the sensitivity of alpine flowering phenology to large-scale warming. The wholesale advance in flowering phenology with earlier snowmelt suggests that alpine communities will track warming, but only alpine forbs and graminoids appear able to take advantage of an extended snow-free season.
description: Please see the accompanying README which describes all data and code.Funding provided by: U.S. Department of Energy
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000015
Award Number: DE-FG02-07ER64457
description: This dataset was collected during field surveys from 2009-2013 at the Alpine Treeline Warming experiment on Niwot Ridge at the Mountian Research Station, CO.
Fixed target experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Gaston
name: Reyes, Marco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a review of the study of Exclusive Central Production at a Center of Mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=40$ GeV at the Fermilab Fixed Target program. In all reactions reviewed in this paper, protons with an energy of 800 GeV were extracted from the Tevatron accelerator at Fermilab and directed to a Liquid Hydrogen target. The states reviewed include $π^+π^-$, $K^0_s K^0_s$, $ K^0_sK^\pmπ^\mp$, $ϕϕ$ and $D^{*\pm}$. Partial Wave Analysis results will be presented on the light states but only the cross section will be reviewed in the diffractive production of $D^{*\pm}$
description: 17 figures. To be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, as special edition of central exclusive production
INCREASING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND TECHNOLOGICAL SAFETY OF SOLAR WATER HEATERS TO ENSURE SANITARY REQUIREMENTS AND INDOOR MICROCLIMATE
Creators: name: Jemil Kuliev
name: Konstiantyn Predun
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: solar water heater
antifreeze
sealant
expansion barrel
heat transfer system
storage tank

description: The main part of this article describes the solution of the technical problem of creating a solar water heater device that allows to increase energy efficiency while ensuring safety, sanitary requirements and indoor microclimate. Information is given about the proposed device and method for eliminating leaks on heat-transfer pipes and their connections by automatically sealing poisonous (antifreeze), limiting the risk of its possible ingress into heated water for domestic needs. The report also provides a brief rationale for introducing a new discipline into the educational process related to the tasks under consideration.
Perfect Transfer of enhanced entanglement and asymmetric steering in a cavity magnomechanical system
Creators: name: Chen, Yao-Tong
name: Du, Lei
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Wu, Jin-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system to realize and transfer the bipartite entanglements and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steerings between magnons, photons, and phonons in the regime of stability of the system. As a parity-time-symmetric-like structure exhibiting the natural magnetostrictive magnon-phonon interaction, our passive-active cavity system can be explored to enhance the robust distant quantum entanglement and generate the relatively obvious asymmetric (even directional) EPR steering that is useful for the task with the highly asymmetric trusts of the bidirectional local measurements between two entangled states. It is of great interest that, based on such a tunable magnomechanical system, the perfect transfer between near and distant entanglements and steerings of different mode pairs is realized by adjusting the coupling parameters; in particular, we propose a perfect transfer scheme of steerings. These transferring processes suggest indeed an alternative method for quantum information storage and manipulation. In addition, the entanglements and steerings can also be exchanged between different mode pairs by adjusting the detunings between different modes. This work may provide a potential platform for distant and asymmetric quantum modulation.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Strong and weak principles of neural dimension reduction
Creators: name: Humphries, Mark D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: If spikes are the medium, what is the message? Answering that question is driving the development of large-scale, single neuron resolution recordings from behaving animals, on the scale of thousands of neurons. But these data are inherently high-dimensional, with as many dimensions as neurons - so how do we make sense of them? For many the answer is to reduce the number of dimensions. Here I argue we can distinguish weak and strong principles of neural dimension reduction. The weak principle is that dimension reduction is a convenient tool for making sense of complex neural data. The strong principle is that dimension reduction shows us how neural circuits actually operate and compute. Elucidating these principles is crucial, for which we subscribe to provides radically different interpretations of the same neural activity data. I show how we could make either the weak or strong principles appear to be true based on innocuous looking decisions about how we use dimension reduction on our data. To counteract these confounds, I outline the experimental evidence for the strong principle that do not come from dimension reduction; but also show there are a number of neural phenomena that the strong principle fails to address. To reconcile these conflicting data, I suggest that the brain has both principles at play.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND MANAGING THE RISKS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SIBERIA AND THE ARCTIC REGIONS
Creators: name: Moskvichev, Vladimir
name: Postnikova, Ulyana
name: Taseiko, Olga
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: sustainable development
risk assessment
monitoring
safety expertise

description: The territorial risks of the development of Siberia and the Arctic should be considered within the framework of a closed social-natural-technogenic system (S-P-T system), which includes elements of the technosphere, ecosphere and sociosphere and is characterized by strategic development risks, taking into account the territorial factor, scale, composition and level socio-economic development. In SPT systems (subject of the Russian Federation, region, industrial agglomeration, municipality) man-made, natural, environmental, technological, social and other risk groups are implemented. The priority task is to monitor and organize an information system for managing territorial risks and ensure, on this basis, an integrated natural and technogenic safety of territories. This work presents various methods for assessing industrial safety for the northern territories.
A thousand tiny interfacings: fertile acts of resistance
Creators: name: Goodman, Andrew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper examines the process of interfacing between organic and technical objects and how this might be utilized as a tactic to promote invention within new media art events. Raphael Lozano-Hemmer's Relational Architecture is examined in relation to concepts of parasitic action and folding to show how the work develops a complex ecology of relation through interfacing.
Entertaining the environment: towards an ethics of art events
Creators: name: Goodman, Andrew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Erin Manning’s concept of an art that ‘entertains the environment’, proposes a ‘minor’ practice that might be capable of provoking reconnection with a wide field of non-subjective forces. Rather than a concentration on a replicating of human/object hierarchies, it implies a focus on how various assemblages of human and nonhuman, concrete and abstract, virtual and actual forces have the potential to be realigned through the artistic process. Drawing on recent writing and artwork by Manning, this essay will propose the potential of such a shift in focus in the art event as a tactical approach towards development of a new conception of a political art. This might be seen as an ecological approach to art, which reconnects us with lively worlds and non-human agencies. This essay also explores the entertainment of the environment through an examination of Lygia Clark’s propositional art work 'Caminhando' (1963), concentrating on the transductive potential of the opening of the body to a wider field of distributed agency to produce a sensation of being ‘always more than’ a subject.
Energy estimates and symmetry breaking in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates with ring-shaped potentials
Creators: name: Guo, Yujin
name: Zeng, Xiaoyu
name: Zhou, Huan-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J61, 35J20, 35Q55, 35Q40

description: This paper is concerned with the properties of $L^2$-normalized minimizers of the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) functional for a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction and ring-shaped potential. By establishing some delicate estimates on the least energy of the GP functional, we prove that symmetry breaking occurs for the minimizers of the GP functional as the interaction strength $a>0$ approaches a critical value $a^*$, each minimizer of the GP functional concentrates to a point on the circular bottom of the potential well and then is non-radially symmetric as $a\nearrow a^*$. However, when $a>0$ is suitably small we prove that the minimizers of the GP functional are unique, and this unique minimizer is radially symmetric.
description: 26 pages
Additional file 1 of Avian phenotypic convergence is subject to low genetic constraints based on genomic evidence
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Chi
name: Kuo, Hao-Chih
name: Wen-Sui Lo
name: Hung, Chih-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Adaptively convergent genes for nocturnal, foot-propelled diving or raptorial life history traits. Table S2. The total number of adaptively convergent site mutations (ACSMs) in adaptively convergent genes (ACGs) and the number of expected point mutations under neutral selection. Table S3. Sequence-convergent genes that show positive selection signals in parts or all of the foreground branches regarding nocturnal, foot-propelled diving or raptorial life history traits. Table S4. Adaptively convergent genes supporting for one of the derived convergence hypotheses (Hfoot-a, Hfoot-b, Hfoot-c, Hrap-a and Hrap-b, see Fig. 3). Figure S1. Maximum likelihood gene trees of 43 adaptively convergent genes, supporting one of the tree convergent hypotheses – nocturnality (Hnoc), foot-propelled diving (Hfoot) and raptorial behaviors (Hrap)
Quantum multicriticality of bilayer graphene in the presence of a tunable energy gap
Creators: name: Throckmorton, Robert E.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory for quantum phases and quantum multicriticality in bilayer graphene in the presence of an explicit energy gap in the non-interacting spectrum by extending previous renormalization group (RG) analyses of electron-electron interactions in gapless bilayer graphene at finite temperature to include the effect of an electric field applied perpendicular to the sample. We determine the possible outcomes of the resulting RG equations, represented by "fixed rays" along which ratios of the coupling constants remain constant and map out the leading instabilities of the system for an interaction of the form of a Coulomb interaction that is screened by two parallel conducting plates placed equidistant from the electron. We find that some of the fixed rays on the "target plane" found in the zero-field case are no longer valid fixed rays, but that all four of the isolated rays are still valid. We also find five additional fixed rays that are not present in the zero-field case. We then construct maps of the leading instability (or instabilities) of the system for the screened Coulomb-like interaction as a function of the overall interaction strength and interaction range for four values of the applied electric field. We find that the pattern of leading instabilities is the same as that found in the zero-field case, namely that the system is unstable to a layer antiferromagnetic state for short-ranged interactions, to a nematic state for long-ranged interactions, and to both for intermediate-ranged interactions. However, if the interaction becomes too long-ranged or too weak, then the system will exhibit no instabilities. The ranges at which the nematic instability first appears, the antiferromagnetic instability disappears, and the nematic instability disappears all decrease with increasing applied electric field.
description: 17+\epsilon pages, 3 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. B; this is the published version
(En)gendering de-development in East Jerusalem: Thinking through the 'everyday'
Creators: name: Nadera Shalhoub-Kerkovian
name: Busbridge, Rachel
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160512 Social Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160805 Social Change
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified

description: We met Manal1 following the death of her 52-year-old husband, while conducting our study on death and birth in Jerusalem. Manal is an articulate 47-year-old woman, the mother of five girls and a son, an educator who worked for years as a school teacher. Only four years ago, she lost her job due to financial hardships in her workplace. Here is her story.
INVESTIGATION OF GRANULOMETRIC AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SAMPLES OF UNDERWATER WELDING
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Konstantin
name: Elovskiy, Evgeniy
name: Golokhvast, Kirill
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: underwater welding
nanoand microparticles
ecology

description: The article is devoted to the study of granulometric characteristics and chemical composition of samples of underwater welding for sea water from the water area from Ajax Bay (Sea of Japan) and fresh water. A high content of the smallest particles of metal oxides with a dimension of less than 10 μm was revealed.