cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Reflection And The Distance Language Learner
Creators: name: Murphy, Linda Mary
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: This research examines the role of critical reflection in learning theories and the relationship between Kolb's learning cycle and notions of the 'good' language learner, the deep approach to learning and autonomous learning in the context of adult, part-time, distance language learning. This group of learners is under-represented in the research literature. The research takes an exploratory-interpretative approach. Open University Language students had been invited by their tutors to use materials based on Kolb's learning cycle, designed to encourage critical reflection in order to enhance learning. In-depth interviews explored the experience of users and non-users. Course materials were examined for evidence of encouragement and support for critical reflection and autonomy. The research aimed to establish what OU language learners do to develop productive and receptive language skills and the extent to which they demonstrate capacities of critical reflection and autonomy. It examined the extent to which these capacities were developed via course materials and assignments and the impact of the style and pace of study. It considered whether these capacities could be enhanced by the project materials, as well as the influence of tutors' expectations and approaches. The majority of interviewees exhibited considerable functional activity except in writing skills. They demonstrated characteristics of the 'good' language learner, elements of a deep approach and features of autonomous learning. This contrasted with a surface approach to coursework and assignments, brought about by excessive workload and the controlled, anxiety-provoking nature of assessment. Analysis of assignments also suggested they were likely to evoke a surface approach. Course materials advocated reflection, self-assessment and self-evaluation, but did not support this via teaching or practice and offered few decision-making opportunities.Students exercised the capacity for critical reflection and autonomy to varying degrees. Those who had used the proj ect materials appeared more likely to make decisions about their learning, and set specific goals. The project materials were judged a straightforward framework for reflection. Tutors were positive about the materials but appeared to give little attention to critical reflection. Their concerns about time constraints and student workload may have confirmed student perceptions and discouraged use of the project materials. The research suggests broadening the notion of the 'good' language learner. It proposes more explicit development of learning strategies and the capacity for critical reflection within course materials and tutorials, and giving more attention to the nature and impact of assessment in order to foster 'active', deep, autonomous learning.
Search for dark matter produced in association with a leptonically decaying Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with a Z boson candidate and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016-2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The search uses the decay channels Z $\to$ ee and Z $\to$ $μμ$. No significant excess of events is observed over the background expected from the standard model. Limits are set on dark matter particle production in the context of simplified models with vector, axial-vector, scalar, and pseudoscalar mediators, as well as on a two-Higgs-doublet model with an additional pseudoscalar mediator. In addition, limits are provided for spin-dependent and spin-independent scattering cross sections and are compared to those from direct-detection experiments. The results are also interpreted in the context of models of invisible Higgs boson decays, unparticles, and large extra dimensions.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-19-003 (CMS Public Pages)
Theory of incommensurate magnetic correlations across the insulator-superconductor transition in underdoped La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4
Creators: name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
name: Kotov, Valeri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main feature in the elastic neutron scattering of La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4 is the existence of incommensurate peaks with positions that jump from 45 to 0 degrees at 5% doping. We show that the spiral state of the t-t'-t''-J model with realistic parameters describes this data perfectly. We explain why in the insulator the peak is at 45 degrees while it switches to 0 degrees precisely at the insulator-metal transition. The calculated positions of the peaks are in agreement with the data in both phases.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; minor changes
Agricultural Policy Issues Conference 1996
Creators: name: Antle, John
name: Peterson, Jim
name: Marsh, John
name: Greer, Clyde
name: Giordano, Nick
name: Hayes, Dermot
name: Merja, Chuck
name: Smith, Vince
name: Bergman, Al
name: Sampsen, Rick
name: Fegley, Karen
name: Dorn, Rick
name: Karst, Herb
name: Kuntz, Ed
name: Devadoss, Stephen
name: Johnson, Randy
name: Christianson, Jim
name: Wilson, Bill
name: Koo, Won
name: Young, Linda M.
name: Peck, Ralph
name: Antle, John
name: Peterson, Jim
name: Marsh, John
name: Greer, Clyde
name: Giordano, Nick
name: Hayes, Dermot
name: Merja, Chuck
name: Smith, Vince
name: Bergman, Al
name: Sampsen, Rick
name: Fegley, Karen
name: Dorn, Rick
name: Karst, Herb
name: Kuntz, Ed
name: Devadoss, Stephen
name: Johnson, Randy
name: Christianson, Jim
name: Wilson, Bill
name: Koo, Won
name: Young, Linda M.
name: Peck, Ralph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: Conference proceedings. June 12-13, 1996 Northern Plains and Rockies Center for the Study of Western Hemisphere Trade
GMT Based Comparative Geomorphological Analysis of the Vityaz and Vanuatu Trenches, Fiji Basin
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80308 Programming Languages
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Geography
subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The study is geographically focused on the two deep-sea trenches: Vanuatu and Vityaz, Fiji Basin, East Australia, located in the area of the double conver- gent complex boundary of Pacific and Indo-Australian plates in the North Fiji back- arc basin. Complex geophysical settings results in the formation of the trenches, seismicity, geodynamic complexity and instability of the region. The work aimed at modelling and comparative statistical analysis of the bathymetry and geomorphology of two trenches. Technically, the methodology of this work is based on the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) using cartographic mapping of the geophysical, tectonic and geological settings, 2D and 3D modelling, visualizing raster grids GEBCO, ETOPO1, ETOPO5. Histogram topographic equalization (equalized, normalized, quadratic) was done using module ’grdhisteq’. Modelling geoid and gravity was based on EGM96 by sequence of GMT modules. The cross-spectrals of 2D binary raster grids were compared and their coherency plotted by ’grdfft’. The automated cross-section- ing was done using ’grdtrack’ module. The results include modelled transects visu- alizing trenches asymmetry, bathymetric and geomorphic variations. Vityaz Trench is shallower with depths
Farmland Investment in Africa: What’s the Deal?
Creators: name: Di Corato, Luca
name: Hess, Sebastian
name: Di Corato, Luca
name: Hess, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
subject: Land Leasing
subject: Real Options
subject: Nash Bargaining.

description: We present a dynamic stochastic programming model that reflects the typical bargaining situation concerning large land deals in Africa. The model allows assessing the effect of market- and country-specific risks and taxation. It shows that commodity price volatility increases the value of the land development option, but slows down the land development process. Furthermore, it shows that host country attempts to negotiate fixed commitments to the speed of project development may run counter to the structure of economic incentives at the project site. Finally, the applicability of the model is demonstrated for a recent 10,000-hectare cotton project in Ethiopia.
Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)
Creators: name: Schilthuizen, Menno
name: Oostenbrugge, Wesley Van
name: Visser, Stefan
name: Meer, Marrit Van Der
name: Delval, Richard
name: Dias, Claudia
name: Heko Köster
name: Maarschall, Rudie
name: Peeters, Norbert
name: Venema, Peter
name: Zaremba, Ryan
name: Beltrami, Cristina
name: Rossato, Marzia
name: Latella, Leonardo
name: Nieuwenhuis, Florinda
name: Rop, Nicole De
name: Njunjić, Iva
name: Perreau, Michel
name: Koene, Joris M.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2020
Subjects: Paleontology

description: Anthropogenic environmental change is leading to changes in distribution for many organisms. While this is frequently discussed for prominent organisms of high conservation value, the same is true for the many cryptic species that rarely figure in debates on the human impact. One such cryptic taxon is the European Ptomaphagus sericatus (Chaudoir, 1845) and related forms. During a citizen science expedition in the Vondelpark, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, we obtained two forms of this species complex. We placed the examination of these specimens in the context of a re-analysis of the species group, and, using DNA barcoding and genital study on material collected thoughout Europe, found that the P. sericatus species complex consists of three distinct, partly sympatric species, one of which was previously undescribed. On the basis of collection data, at least two species, P. medius and P. thebeatles sp. n., show signs of having recently undergone (possibly anthropogenic) range changes, with P. medius even reaching North America.We describe P. thebeatles sp. n.; we raise two subspecies, viz. P. sericatus sericatus (Chaudoir, 1854) and P. sericatus medius (Rey, 1889) to the level of species, and designate a neotype for the former; we identify P. dacicus Jeannel, 1934 and P. pyrenaeus Jeannel, 1934 as junior synonyms of P. sericatus, and P. compressitarsus (Rey, 1889) as a junior synonym of P. subvillosus Goeze, 1777; we identify P. septentrionalis Jeannel, 1934 and P. miser (Rey, 1889) as junior synonyms of P. medius; we designate lectotypes for P. medius and P. miser.
Generalized Performance of Concatenated Quantum Codes -- A Dynamical Systems Approach
Creators: name: Fern, Jesse
name: Kempe, Julia
name: Simic, Slobodan
name: Sastry, Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a dynamical systems approach to concatenation of quantum error correcting codes, extending and generalizing the results of Rahn et al. [1] to both diagonal and nondiagonal channels. Our point of view is global: instead of focusing on particular types of noise channels, we study the geometry of the coding map as a discrete-time dynamical system on the entire space of noise channels. In the case of diagonal channels, we show that any code with distance at least three corrects (in the infinite concatenation limit) an open set of errors. For Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes, we give a more precise characterization of that set. We show how to incorporate noise in the gates, thus completing the framework. We derive some general bounds for noise channels, which allows us to analyze several codes in detail.
description: 12 pages two-column format, no figures, slightly revised version
Land use strategies for sustainable rural development under revenue uncertainty: A case from Indonesia
Creators: name: Djanibekov, Utkur
name: Villamor, Grace B.
name: Djanibekov, Utkur
name: Villamor, Grace B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Payments for ecosystem services
subject: revenue risk
subject: trade-offs

description: We investigated the economic attractiveness of different land uses and possible payments for carbon in rubber monoculture and agroforest, and biodiversity in agroforest under revenue uncertainty in Jambi, Indonesia. A multi-period programming with Monte Carlo simulation and Brownian motion were used. Findings showed that farm incomes would substantially vary, and to mitigate uncertainty the farmland would be diversified. Further increase in carbon prices would result in enhancing the area of rubber monoculture and would lead to possible trade-off in agrobiodiversity. When the payments for ecosystem services are targeted for agroforest then its returns would increase and reduce farm income variability.
title: Characterization of Stresses and Strains Involved in the Martensitic Phase Transformations
Creators: name: Das, Yadunandan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels are an example of steels used in the automotive industry, where strain-induced martensitic transformations, associated plasticity and work hardening, enhance both the strength and ductility of the material. This has enhanced both the passenger safety (improved crash-performance) and fuel efficiency as less material is consumed (lighter structure). To gain insights into these strain-induced transformations, it is crucial to understand the impact the applied stress/strain on the martensitic transformation and how the resulting strain fields affect the further deformation and transformations. This PhD dissertation reports a series of experimental measurements on how the applied deformation affects strain-induced transformations, using three techniques, namely: electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), high-resolution digital image correlation (HRDIC) and in situ neutron diffraction. It is shown here that applied stress favours the formation of strain-induced martensite in certain orientations of austenite. Crystallographic information gathered by EBSD and HRDIC indicates that the formation of martensite is governed by prior slip in the parent austenite. HRDIC measurements showed that strain heterogeneity is found not only between different grains within the microstructure, but even within individual austenite grains, suggesting that input parameters of macro stress strain properties are inadequate for variant selection models. EBSD, HRDIC and neutron diffraction measurements at ambient temperature confirm that the transformation is preceded by plastic deformation of the austenite crystal lattice and subsequent formation of nucleation sites. Here, it was shown that the intensity of those diffraction peaks from austenite grain families most affected by plastic deformation, decreased most due to martensitic transformation. Whereas, at the lower temperature deformation regimes, slip is suppressed, this is not the case. This dissertation illustrates how the above-mentioned techniques may be used to probe material phenomenon at various length scales, stress states and temperature regimes of interest.
Weyl Anomaly induced Fermi Condensation and Holography
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Miao, Rong-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it is found that, due to Weyl anomaly, a background scalar field induces a non-trivial Fermi condensation for theories with Yukawa couplings. For simplicity, the paper consider only scalar type Yukawa coupling and, in the BCFT case, only for a specific boundary condition. In these cases, the Weyl anomaly takes on a simple special form. In this paper, we generalize the results to more general situations. First, we obtain general expressions of Weyl anomaly due to a background scalar and pseudo scalar field in general 4d BCFTs. Then, we derive the general form of Fermi condensation from the Weyl anomaly. It is remarkable that, in general, Fermi condensation is non-zero even if there was not a non-vanishing scalar field background. Finally, we verify our results with free BCFT with Yukawa coupling to scalar and pseudo-scalar background potential with general chiral bag boundary condition and with holographic BCFT. In particular, we obtain the shape and curvature dependence of the Fermi condensate from the holographic one point function.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure, revision published in JHEP
title: Ausbruch aus dem Unbewussten: Ein Interview mit Dalibor Šimpraga
Creators: name: Petzer, Tatjana
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Šimpraga, Dalibor
subject: Kroatisch
subject: Schriftsteller
subject: Interview
subject: 491.8

description: Es wird nicht still um Kroatiens lost generation der 1990er und das Lesen lohnt sich. Das meint jedenfalls Dalibor Šimpraga, der als Schriftsteller den Anspruch hat, postsozialistische Verfahren in der Literatur zu erproben. Nun hat er einen Roman veröffentlicht, der den Blick für die Epiphanien des Alltags schärft.
description: novinkizurückgefragt, no. 2009-11-22
Equilibration of the chiral asymmetry due to finite electron mass in electron-positron plasma
Creators: name: Boyarsky, A.
name: Cheianov, V.
name: Ruchayskiy, O.
name: Sobol, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the rate of collisional decay of the axial charge in an ultrarelativistic electron-positron plasma, also known as the chirality flipping rate. We find that contrary to the existing estimates, the chirality flipping rate appears already in the first order in the fine-structure constant $α$ and is therefore orders of magnitude greater than previously believed. The main channels for the rapid relaxation of the axial charge are the collinear emission of a weakly damped photon and the Compton scattering. The latter contributes to the $\mathcal{O}(α)$ result because of the infrared divergence in its cross section, which is regularized on the soft scale $\sim eT$ due to the thermal corrections. Our results are important for the description of the early Universe processes (such as leptogenesis or magnetogenesis) that affect differently left- and right-chiral fermions of the Standard Model, as discussed in more details in the companion Letter.
description: 43 pages, 20 figures
Geographical threshold graphs with small-world and scale-free properties
Creators: name: Masuda, Naoki
name: Miwa, Hiroyoshi
name: Konno, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many real networks are equipped with short diameters, high clustering, and power-law degree distributions. With preferential attachment and network growth, the model by Barabasi and Albert simultaneously reproduces these properties, and geographical versions of growing networks have also been analyzed. However, nongrowing networks with intrinsic vertex weights often explain these features more plausibly, since not all networks are really growing. We propose a geographical nongrowing network model with vertex weights. Edges are assumed to form when a pair of vertices are spatially close and/or have large summed weights. Our model generalizes a variety of models as well as the original nongeographical counterpart, such as the unit disk graph, the Boolean model, and the gravity model, which appear in the contexts of percolation, wire communication, mechanical and solid physics, sociology, economy, and marketing. In appropriate configurations, our model produces small-world networks with power-law degree distributions. We also discuss the relation between geography, power laws in networks, and power laws in general quantities serving as vertex weights.
description: 26 pages (double-space format, including 4 figures)
Conversion of a conventional superconductor into a topological superconductor by topological proximity effect
Creators: name: Trang, C. X.
name: Shimamura, N.
name: Nakayama, K.
name: Souma, S.
name: Sugawara, K.
name: Watanabe, I.
name: Yamauchi, K.
name: Oguchi, T.
name: Segawa, K.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Sato, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realization of topological superconductors (TSCs) hosting Majorana fermions is a central challenge in condensed-matter physics. One approach is to use the superconducting proximity effect (SPE) in heterostructures, where a topological insulator contacted with a superconductor hosts an effective p-wave pairing by the penetration of Cooper pairs across the interface. However, this approach suffers a difficulty in accessing the topological interface buried deep beneath the surface. Here, we propose an alternative approach to realize topological superconductivity without SPE. In a Pb(111) thin film grown on TlBiSe2, we discover that the Dirac-cone state of substrate TlBiSe2 migrates to the top surface of Pb film and obtains an energy gap below the superconducting transition temperature of Pb. This suggests that a BCS superconductor is converted into a TSC by the topological proximity effect. Our discovery opens a route to manipulate topological superconducting properties of materials.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Land sharing vs. land sparing for biodiversity: How agricultural markets make the difference
Creators: name: Desquilbet, Marion
name: Dorin, Bruno
name: Couvet, Denis
name: Desquilbet, Marion
name: Dorin, Bruno
name: Couvet, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: conservation
subject: farming
subject: biodiversity
subject: land use
subject: markets
subject: welfare

description: We show that whether intensive or extensive farming is most beneficial to biodiversity depends on the equilibrium of agricultural markets. With higher production costs, extensive farming tends to be more beneficial to biodiversity than intensive farming, except when there is a very high degree of convexity between biodiversity and yield. Extensive farming is detrimental to consumers while its effect on agricultural producers is indeterminate. It has no straightforward effect on food security, but could decrease the pressure on protected areas. Additional demand f reinforces the preference for extensive farming, especially in the case of animal feed.
BUILDING FARMERS’ CAPACITY FOR INNOVATION GENERATION: WHAT ARE THE DETERMINING FACTORS?
Creators: name: Tambo, Justice A.
name: Wünscher, Tobias
name: Tambo, Justice A.
name: Wünscher, Tobias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Determinants
subject: Farmer Field Fora
subject: farmer innovation
subject: Ghana
subject: innovation systems

description: While farmers have been recognised as one of the key sources of innovation, many studies on agricultural innovations continue to consider farmers as adopters of externally-driven innovations only. Based on cross-sectional data from 409 farm households, this study, in contrast, analyses the innovation-generating behaviour among rural farmers in northern Ghana. Inspired by two innovation theories – induced innovation and innovation systems – we focus on the determinants of innovation behaviour. Employing recursive bivariate probit and endogenous treatment-regression models which control for selection bias, we find that participation in Farmer Field Fora, a participatory extension approach with elements of the innovation systems perspective, is a key determinant of innovation behaviour in farm households. Other important determinants are education, climate shocks and risk preferences. These results are robust to alternative specifications and estimation techniques.
Shallow deformation of the Mw 4.9 Khonj earthquake (6 January 2017) in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt, Iran
Creators: name: Fathian Baneh, Aram
name: Tolomei, Cristiano
name: Shugar, Dan H.
name: Salvi, Stefano
name: Reicherter, Klaus
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: Abstracts & presentations / EGU General Assembly 2023 EGU General Assembly 2023, EGU 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24 Apr 2023 - 28 Apr 2023; Göttingen : Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH EGU23-9911, 1 Seite (2023). doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9911
description: Published by Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH, Göttingen
Polarization signatures of strong gravity in AGN accretion discs
Creators: name: Dovciak, M.
name: Karas, V.
name: Matt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of strong gravity on the polarization of the Compton reflection from an X-ray illuminated accretion disc are studied. The gravitational field of a rotating black hole influences Stokes parameters of the radiation along the propagation to a distant observer. Assuming the lamp-post model, the degree and the angle of polarization are examined as functions of the observer's inclination angle, of the height of the primary source and of the inner radius of the disc emitting region. It is shown that polarimetry can provide essential information on the properties of black holes sources, and it is argued that time variation of the polarization angle is a strong signature of general relativity effects. The expected polarization degree and angle should be detectable by new generation polarimeters, like the one planned for the Xeus mission.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 6 pages, 3 figures
title: Schadensschwellen und Biodiversität – passt das in ein Konzept?
Creators: name: Gerowitt, Bärbel
name: Bensch, Johanna
name: Mol, Friederike
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 478Tagungsband: 31. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung; 27.-29. Februar 2024, Braunschweig, p. 9
UNDERSTANDING FARMERS’ RESPONSES TO CAP REFORM
Creators: name: Menozzi, Davide
name: Fioravanzi, Martina
name: Donati, Michele
name: Menozzi, Davide
name: Fioravanzi, Martina
name: Donati, Michele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
subject: Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
subject: Durum wheat
subject: Intention
subject: Ecological focus area

description: The 2014-2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform defines new rules for farmers including regionalization, crop diversification and ecological focus area (EFA). This paper aims to evaluate farmers’ intention to modify their behaviour because of the CAP reform, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A questionnaire was submitted to 71 Italian durum wheat producers assessing their intention to change durum wheat surface and to maintain as EFA part of the arable land. Subjective norms affects intention to change durum wheat surface, while attitude drives intention to dedicate arable crop to EFA. Implications for policy makers and producers are discussed.
Protoplanetary Disk Rings as Sites for Planetesimal Formation
Creators: name: Carrera, Daniel
name: Simon, Jacob B.
name: Li, Rixin
name: Kretke, Katherine A.
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axisymmetric dust rings are a ubiquitous feature of young protoplanetary disks. These rings are likely caused by pressure bumps in the gas profile; a small bump can induce a traffic jam-like pattern in the dust density, while a large bump may halt radial dust drift entirely. The resulting increase in dust concentration may trigger planetesimal formation by the streaming instability (SI), as the SI itself requires some initial concentration. Here we present the first 3D simulations of planetesimal formation in the presence of a pressure bump modeled specifically after those observed by ALMA. In particular, we place a pressure bump at the center of a large 3D shearing box, along with an initial solid-to-gas ratio of $Z = 0.01$, and we include both particle back-reaction and particle self-gravity. We consider both mm-sized and cm-sized particles separately. For simulations with cm-sized particles, we find that even a small pressure bump leads to the formation of planetesimals via the streaming instability; a pressure bump does {\it not} need to fully halt radial particle drift for the SI to become efficient. Furthermore, pure gravitational collapse via concentration in pressure bumps (such as would occur at sufficiently high concentrations and without the streaming instability) is not responsible for planetesimal formation. For mm-sized particles, we find tentative evidence that planetesimal formation does not occur. This result, if it holds up at higher resolution and for a broader range of parameters, could put strong constraints on where in protoplanetary disks planetesimals can form. Ultimately, however, our results suggest that for cm-sized particles, planetesimal formation in pressure bumps is an extremely robust process.
description: accepted to ApJ; 22 pages, 16 figures
Eigenvalues of the Laplacian acting on $p$-forms and metric conformal deformations
Creators: name: Colbois, Bruno
name: Soufi, Ahmad El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15, 58J50, 53C20

description: Let $(M,g)$ be a compact connected orientable Riemannian manifold of dimension $n\ge4$ and let $λ_{k,p} (g)$ be the $k$-th positive eigenvalue of the Laplacian $Δ_{g,p}=dd^*+d^*d$ acting on differential forms of degree $p$ on $M$. We prove that the metric $g$ can be conformally deformed to a metric $g'$, having the same volume as $g$, with arbitrarily large $λ_{1,p} (g')$ for all $p\in[2,n-2]$. Note that for the other values of $p$, that is $p=0, 1, n-1$ and $n$, one can deduce from the literature that, $\forall k >0$, the $k$-th eigenvalue $λ_{k,p}$ is uniformly bounded on any conformal class of metrics of fixed volume on $M$. For $p=1$, we show that, for any positive integer $N$, there exists a metric $g_N$ conformal to $g$ such that, $\forall k\le N$, $λ_{k,1} (g_N) =λ_{k,0} (g_N) $, that is, the first $N$ eigenforms of $Δ_{g_N,1}$ are all exact forms.
description: redaction 2003
Improved lower bounds on the connective constants for two-dimensional self-avoiding walks
Creators: name: Jensen, Iwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate improved lower bounds for the connective constants for self-avoiding walks on the square, hexagonal, triangular, $(4.8^2)$, and $(3.12^2)$ lattices. The bound is found by Kesten's method of irreducible bridges. This involves using transfer-matrix techniques to exactly enumerate the number of bridges of a given span to very many steps. Upper bounds are obtained from recent exact enumeration data for the number of self-avoiding walks and compared to current best available upper bounds from other methods.
The Roles of Research at Universities and Public Labs in Innovation Systems: a Perspective from the Italian Food and Drink industry
Creators: name: Maietta, Ornella Wanda
name: Maietta, Ornella Wanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The objective of the paper is to determine the role that R&D networking, through the collaboration of firms with universities, plays among the determinants of product and process innovation in the Italian food and drink industry and how geographical proximity to a university affects both R&D university-industry collaboration and innovation. The data are sourced from the 7th (1995-1997), 8th (1998-2000), 9th (2001-2003) and 10th (2004- 2006) waves of Capitalia survey. The approach is a trivarate probit analysis in which the dependent variables are R&D collaboration with a university, process and product innovation; the independent variables are firm, territorial and university characteristics.
New Two-Dimensional Quantum Models Partially Solvable by Supersymmetrical Approach
Creators: name: Ioffe, M. V.
name: Valinevich, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New solutions for second-order intertwining relations in two-dimensional SUSY QM are found via the repeated use of the first order supersymmetrical transformations with intermediate constant unitary rotation. Potentials obtained by this method - two-dimensional generalized Pöschl-Teller potentials - appear to be shape-invariant. The recently proposed method of $SUSY-$separation of variables is implemented to obtain a part of their spectra, including the ground state. Explicit expressions for energy eigenvalues and corresponding normalizable eigenfunctions are given in analytic form. Intertwining relations of higher orders are discussed.
description: 21 pages. Some typos corrected; imrovements added in Subsect.4.2; some references added
title: Unkräutern Ökosystemwerte zuordnen mithilfe von funktionalen Eigenschaften
Creators: name: Bensch, Johanna
name: Mol, Friederike
name: Gerowitt, Bärbel
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 478Tagungsband: 31. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung; 27.-29. Februar 2024, Braunschweig, p. 11
The development of numeracy : a longitudinal study of children from first through fourth grade
Creators: name: Vukovic, Rose Kathy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present study investigated the development of numeracy in children from first to fourth grade and was based on a model from research in literacy (Juel, 1988). The present study sought to answer the following questions: Do the same children struggle with numeracy year after year? What skills do children with numeracy difficulties lack? What underlying factors support numeracy achievement? What are the early indicators of numeracy difficulties? The results indicated that the majority of fourth grade children with numeracy difficulties experienced similar difficulties in previous years, indicating a stability of functioning in this area. Furthermore, working memory and mathematical background knowledge were found to have a robust relationship with numeracy achievement and numeracy difficulties, whereas visual-spatial ability, short-term memory, processing speed, and phonological processing did not demonstrate a reliable relationship with numeracy. Together, these results indicate that working memory and math background knowledge are involved in numeracy development in children from first to fourth grade and that across this time period, children with numeracy difficulties struggle with tasks that require complex numerical processing. Educational implications are discussed.
N K and Delta K states in the chiral SU(3) quark model
Creators: name: Huang, F.
name: Zhang, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isospin I=0 and I=1 kaon-nucleon $S$, $P$, $D$, $F$ wave phase shifts are studied in the chiral SU(3) quark model by solving the resonating group method (RGM) equation. The calculated phase shifts for different partial waves are in agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the structures of the $ΔK$ states with L=0, I=1 and I=2 are investigated. We find that the interaction between $Δ$ and $K$ in the case of L=0, I=1 is attractive, which is not like the situation of the $NK$ system, where the $S$-wave interactions between $N$ and $K$ for both I=0 and I=1 are repulsive. Our numerical results also show that when the model parameters are taken to be the same as in our previous $NN$ and $YN$ scattering calculations, the $ΔK$ state with L=0 and I=1 is a weakly bound state with about 2 MeV binding energy, while the one with I=2 is unbound in the present one-channel calculation.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. PRC70,064004(2004)
title: From Unwanted to Wanted: Transforming Weeds into Opportunities
Creators: name: Schatke, Mona
name: Musavi, Tali
name: Ulber, Lena
name: Wäldchen, Jana
name: Redwitz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 478Tagungsband: 31. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung; 27.-29. Februar 2024, Braunschweig, p. 12
title: "When You're Born You Can't Even Talk, So Everybody Starts Somewhere": the Lived Experiences of Sports Leadership Training
Creators: name: Scott, David Steven
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: The ‘power of sport’ and its efficacy in personal and social development programmes has often been taken for granted. Despite the growing number of studies which have critically questioned how sport is used in developmental contexts, there has been seemingly little focus placed upon participants’ accounts of their sport-for-development experiences. My research explores individuals’ lived experiences of sports leadership courses, and their descriptions of the social interactions and feelings they encountered, in order to address the lack of experiential data in the current sport-for-development literature. An ethnographic methodology meant that I was immersed within the field. I was positioned as a moderate participant, which enabled me to reflect on my own sports leadership experiences. Data were collected through four sports leadership course observations and cyclical interviews over 4-10 months with eleven course attendees, plus individual interviews with five tutors. I adopted a phenomenologically-inspired perspective, utilising Merleau-Ponty’s (1986) concept of the lived body to emphasise the corporeal investments involved in such physically-oriented courses. Goffman’s (1959) presentation of the self and Hochschild’s (1979) emotion management were also applied to an exploration of individuals’ investment of self during their participation. My reflections from the field highlighted the wide variety of course locations, deliveries, participants, motivations, and tutors involved in sports leadership courses. The social and embodied aspects of the courses emerge as key influences upon individuals’ experiences, with the opportunity to learn intercorporeally becoming apparent as vital to individuals’ motivations and engagements. The crucial points of connection and disconnection individuals experienced can be thus understood through their descriptions of confidence, which encapsulates their mind-body-world relationships with the course. Therefore, this study is important in understanding the role of sport in sport-for-development courses, as it discusses how the physical elements of such courses provide a chance for individuals to invest their embodied selves into a personal development opportunity.
Does Market Orientation in Small-Scale farms pay off? A study of Innovation behaviour in Spanish agriculture
Creators: name: López-Mosquera, Natalia
name: Álvarez-Coque, José María García
name: Sánchez, Mercedes
name: López-Mosquera, Natalia
name: Álvarez-Coque, José María García
name: Sánchez, Mercedes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: strategic decisions
subject: market orientation
subject: adoption of innovation
subject: SEM multigroup analysis
subject: firm performance

description: The paper underlines the importance of adopting a ‘market-orientation’ strategic approach in order to improve the performance of the firms, previously influenced by the ‘adoption of innovations’ of interest to the agricultural firms in two Spanish regions. The methodology selected has been a Multi-Group Structural Equation Modelling applied to the data obtained by personal interviews to a sample of farmers. Agricultural producers are more oriented, from the market point of view, to their regular customers and to controlling the quality of their production. The results also show a positive impact of market orientation activities on the performance to all firms.
DASI Three-Year Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Results
Creators: name: Leitch, Erik M.
name: Kovac, J. M.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Smith, M. W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the complete 3-year data set obtained with the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer (DASI) polarization experiment, operating from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole research station. Additional data obtained at the end of the 2002 Austral winter and throughout the 2003 season were added to the data from which the first detection of polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation was reported. The analysis of the combined data supports, with increased statistical power, all of the conclusions drawn from the initial data set. In particular, the detection of E-mode polarization is increased to 6.3 sigma confidence level, TE cross-polarization is detected at 2.9 sigma, and B-mode polarization is consistent with zero, with an upper limit well below the level of the detected E-mode polarization. The results are in excellent agreement with the predictions of the cosmological model that has emerged from CMB temperature measurements. The analysis also demonstrates that contamination of the data by known sources of foreground emission is insignificant.
description: 13 pages Latex, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
title: Image to image models for big, non-stationary spatial data
Creators: name: Sikorski, Antony
name: Ivanitskiy, Michael
name: McKenzie, Daniel
name: Nychka, Douglas
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library
Year: 2025

description: The ability to draw important conclusions regarding Earth and climate science problems is often limited by insufficient quantification of uncertainty in non-stationary, gridded data from climate models and satellites. The extreme computational demands of climate models make it infeasible to generate large ensembles, while satellites often struggle with measurement errors, computational artifacts, and extended revisit times. A solution to this problem is to model the data using a statistical distribution, allowing for efficient simulation of additional samples. However, fitting the model is often challenging due to key parameters varying across the domain (non-stationarity) and traditional methods becoming infeasible as the size of the data increases. Recent deep learning approaches address the computational costs by segmenting the data and performing parameter estimation locally. While this is a significant improvement, this strategy limits the ability to capture long-range correlation patterns, which are often exhibited by physical phenomena such as jet streams and along coastlines. We address this problem by adapting image-to-image models such as Vision Transformers, U-nets, and hybrids of the two to the task of non-stationary parameter estimation. Once the models have been trained to estimate the parameter grids, we rapidly simulate ensembles with a spatial autoregressive (SAR) model, allowing for pixel-wise uncertainty quantification. As an example, we apply this framework to analyze global surface temperature fields from a climate model dataset.
Do the CAP Subsidies Increase Employment in Sweden? Estimating the Open Economy Relative Multiplier Using an Exogenous Change in the CAP
Creators: name: Blomquist, Johan
name: Nordin, Martin
name: Blomquist, Johan
name: Nordin, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: This study evaluates the impact of agricultural subsidies (CAP) on unemployment and employment outside the agricultural sector. For the CAP subsidies to have an effect outside the agricultural sector, the subsidies must have a second-order effect. Thus, the Open Economy Relative Multiplier for Sweden is estimated with aggregate municipality data for the years 2001 to 2009. A side-effect of the decupling reform in 2005 was that Sweden was forced to introduce a grassland support which redistributed the payments among the regions. This exogenous redistribution of the CAP is the identifying assumption in this study. The subsidy creates private jobs at a cost of about $20,000 per job, which is consistent with earlier estimates based on US data.
title: Spatially explicit Weed Management for Biodiversity
Creators: name: von, Christoph
name: Lepke, Janin
name: Richter, Otto
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 478Tagungsband: 31. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung; 27.-29. Februar 2024, Braunschweig, p. 14
Anisotropic inverse Compton emission in the radio galaxy 3C 265
Creators: name: Bondi, M.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Setti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a Chandra observation of the powerful radio galaxy 3C 265. We detect X-ray emission from the nucleus, the radio hotspots and lobes. In particular, the lobe X-ray emission is well explained as anisotropic inverse Compton scattering of the nuclear photons by the relativistic electrons in the radio lobes; the comparison between radio synchrotron and IC emission yields a magnetic field strength a factor about 2 lower than that calculated under minimum energy conditions. The X-ray spectrum of the nucleus is consistent with that of a powerful, strongly absorbed quasar and the X-ray emission of the south-eastern hotspot can be successfully reproduced by a combination of synchro-self Compton and inverse Compton emission assuming a magnetic field slightly lower than equipartition.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, to be published as a Letter on Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
title: Schadenschwellen um Biodiversität erweitern - am Beispiel des Existenzwertes von Unkrautarten
Creators: name: Bensch, Johanna
name: de, Friederike
name: Gerowitt, Bärbel
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 478Tagungsband: 31. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung; 27.-29. Februar 2024, Braunschweig, p. 15