cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"It is like egg": Paul Lorenzen and the collapse of proofs of consistency
Creators: name: Neuwirth, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Paul Lorenzen, mathematician and philosopher of the 20th century, mentions October 1947 as the date of a crisis in his mathematical and philosophical investigations. An autograph dated 15 October 1947 documents this crisis. This article proposes a translation and a commentary of it and sketches the circumstances of its writing on the base of his correspondence with Paul Bernays. A letter from Lorenzen to Carl Friedrich Gethmann dated 14 January 1988 carves out the story of this crisis by showing how he soaks up the indications of his correspondents and transmutes them into an absolutely original research. Paul Lorenzen, math{é}maticien et philosophe du 20e si{è}cle, {é}voque le mois d'octobre 1947 comme la date d'une c{é}sure dans ses investigations tant math{é}matiques que philosophiques. Un {é}crit autographe dat{é} du 15 octobre 1947 marque cette c{é}sure. Cet article en propose une traduction et un commentaire ligne {à} ligne, puis esquisse les circonstances de son {é}criture sur la base de la correspondance avec Paul Bernays, figure tut{é}laire de la logique math{é}matique et l'un de ses principaux interlocuteurs {à} cette {é}poque, {à} l'instar de Heinrich Scholz et Oskar Becker. Une lettre de Lorenzen {à} Carl Friedrich Gethmann dat{é}e du 14 janvier 1988 {é}toffe le r{é}cit de cette c{é}sure en montrant comment il s'impr{è}gne des indications que lui fournissent ses correspondants pour les transmuter en une recherche absolument originale.
description: in French language [" C'est comme {\oe}uf": Paul Lorenzen et l'effondrement des preuves de non-contradiction]
Prenatal exposure to organophosphates and associations with birthweight and gestational length
Creators: name: Lorenzo, A.
name: Stapleton, H.M.
name: Daniels, J.L.
name: Butt, C.M.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Hoffman, K.
name: Adair, L.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are often used as flame retardants and plasticizers. Animal data suggest exposure to OPEs could impact children's growth and development, yet impacts on human birth outcomes are understudied. We evaluate impacts of OPE exposure on the timing of delivery and infant's birthweight in the Pregnancy Infection and Nutrition Study (PIN). North Carolina women enrolled in PIN in early pregnancy and participated in follow-up through delivery. Analyses were limited to mothers recruited from 2002 to 2005, whose children participated in additional follow-up in early childhood (n = 349). Mothers collected urine samples in which OPE metabolites were assessed and birth outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), isopropyl-phenyl phenyl phosphate (ip-PPP), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) 1-hydroxy-2-propyl phosphate (BCIPHIPP) were detected in >80% of samples. Average birthweight and gestational age were 3326 g and 39.1 weeks, respectively. As data suggest that the mechanisms of action by which OPEs impact birth outcomes may be fetal sex dependent, we conducted sex-stratified statistical analyses. Women with the highest ip-PPP concentrations delivered girls 1 week earlier than women with lower levels (95% Confidence Interval (CI): −1.85, −0.15). Women with BDCIPP levels above the median had 3.99 (95% CI: 1.08, 14.78) times the odds of delivering their daughters preterm. Similarly, higher ip-PPP levels were associated with lower birthweight, but not after standardizing for gestational age. Among males, maternal ip-PPP was associated with decreased odds of preterm birth (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.68). DPHP and BCIPHIPP levels were not associated with outcomes in either sex. Results indicate that prenatal OPE exposure may impact timing of birth, though results are imprecise. Given widespread OPE exposure and the urgent need to identify and mitigate causes of preterm birth, further investigation is warranted.
Measurement-induced criticality as a data-structure transition
Creators: name: Turkeshi, Xhek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ unsupervised learning tools to identify different phases and their transition in quantum systems subject to the combined action of unitary evolution and stochastic measurements. Specifically, we consider principal component analysis and intrinsic dimension estimation to reveal a measurement-induced structural transition in the data space. We test our approach on a 1+1D stabilizer circuit and find the quantities of interest furnish novel order parameters defined directly in the raw data space. Our results provide a first use of unsupervised tools in dynamical quantum phase transitions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
title: Review: "The Inauguration of “Organized Political Warfare”. The Cold War Organizations Sponsored by the National Committee for a Free Europe / Free Europe Committee"/ Katalin Kádár Lynn (ed.). Saint Helena: Helena History Press, 2013. ISBN: 978-0-9859433-0-1
Creators: name: Tyushka, Andriy
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int ( Www.Pol-Int.Org )
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2020

description: It is astonishing how a history book could re-gain its resonance and topicality some 70 years past – after the events described in the monograph had long been considered bygone. History tends to repeat itself, indeed. Rather mystically, this edited book appeared shortly before the unwinding hype on the proliferation of 'hybrid war(fare)' [1] – and certainly is an original and important source in the unfolding debate on war in both strategic studies as well as the public discourse more generally.
Quantifying and modelling stress-related dysregulation of mRNA translation in primary human tumour tissue
Creators: name: Woodvine, Bethany
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: There is an urgent need for improved treatments and therapies for advanced stage lung cancer, and one promising strategy is to directly target hallmark phenotypes mediated by translational dysregulation. Stress-related dysregulation of mRNA translation occurs as a result of the phosphorylation of the a-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). While stress-related dysregulation of mRNA translation has been well-characterised in cell-based models, there is limited understanding of the effects of phosphorylated eIF2a (p-eIF2a) in primary human tumour tissue, or of whether targeting translational dysregulation is a viable strategy. This project aims to investigate the extent to which stress-related dysregulation of mRNA translation occurs in human lung adenocarcinoma and if it contributes to the virulence of the disease. To address this, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation methods were used to quantify markers of the integrated stress response pathway and translational control in 1025 primary human lung adenocarcinoma patient cases, statistical analyses were performed to investigate the associations between translational dysregulation and patient outcome, tumour hallmarks, and between various elements of the stress signalling pathway. It was found that the phosphorylation of eIF2a occurs in areas of hypoxic stress, despite the lack of known mechanism to mediate this. The phosphorylation of eIF2a was found to be strongly associated with aggressive tumour hallmarks, namely invasiveness, metastasis, and cellular proliferation, as well as poor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the lethal phenotype associated with p-eIF2a was not significantly linked either to the previously characterised downstream mediator, ATF4, or by the abundance of subunits of eIF2B, the functional binding partner of eIF2a. Stress signalling through eIF2, likely mediated by regional hypoxia, is predictive of poor prognosis in primary lung adenocarcinoma, and that targeting mRNA translational dysregulation through the phosphorylation of eIF2a may be clinically valuable in preventing tumour invasiveness and metastasis.
Tangles, relative character varieties, and holonomy perturbed traceless flat moduli spaces
Creators: name: Cazassus, Guillem
name: Herald, Chris
name: Kirk, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the restriction map from the subspace of regular points of the holonomy perturbed SU(2) traceless flat moduli space of a tangle in a 3-manifold to the traceless flat moduli space of its boundary marked surface is a Lagrangian immersion. A key ingredient in our proof is the use of composition in the Weinstein category, combined with the fact that SU(2) holonomy perturbations in a cylinder induce Hamiltonian isotopies. In addition, we show that $(S^2,4)$, the 2-sphere with four marked points, is its own traceless flat SU(2) moduli space.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome
Potential Antiviral Immune Response Against COVID-19: Lessons Learned from SARS-CoV
Creators: name: Akbarpour, Mahzad
name: Sharifi, Laleh
name: Safdarian, Amir Reza
name: Farhangnia, Pooya
name: Borjkhani, Mahdis
name: Rezaei, Nima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110704 Cellular Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Immunology

description: Virus and host innate immune system interaction plays a significant role in forming the outcome of viral diseases. Host innate immunity initially recognizes the viral invasion and induces a rapid inflammatory response, and this recognition activates signaling cascades that trigger the release of antiviral mediators. This chapter aims to explore the mechanisms by which newly emerged coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) activates the host immune system. Since SARS-CoV-2 shares similarities with SARS-CoV that caused the epidemic of SARS in 2003, the pathogenesis of both viruses could be at least very similar. For this, this chapter provides a synthesis of literature concerning antiviral immunity in SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. It includes the presentation of epitopes linked to SARS-CoV-2 as well as the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to cause proteolytic activation and interact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via molecular mimicry. This chapter characterizes various mechanisms that this virus may engage in escaping the host immunity, ended by a discussion of humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.
Branched covering simply-connected 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Auckly, David
name: Baykur, R. Inanc
name: Casals, Roger
name: Kolay, Sudipta
name: Lidman, Tye
name: Zuddas, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K43, 57M12

description: We prove that any closed simply-connected smooth 4-manifold is 16-fold branched covered by a product of an orientable surface with the 2-torus, where the construction is natural with respect to spin structures. In particular this solves Problem 4.113(C) in Kirby's list. We also discuss analogous results for other families of 4-manifolds with infinite fundamental groups.
description: 11 pages. Updated to reflect solution to Kirby Problem 4.113(C)
Consumption of obesogenic foods in non-Hispanic black mother–infant dyads
Creators: name: Adair, L.S.
name: Thompson, A.L.
name: Wasser, H.
name: Suchindran, C.M.
name: Bentley, M.E.
name: Kay, M.C.
name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Obesity continues to be a problem in the United States. Of particular concern is the epidemic of early childhood obesity. A significant predictor of child diet is maternal diet, but little is known about this relationship during infancy. This study examined the association between maternal and infant consumption of key food groups from 6 to 18 months using data from the Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of Obesity Study, a prospective cohort of 217 non-Hispanic black, low-income, first-time mothers. Using data from 24-hr dietary recalls collected during in-home visits at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months, we assessed longitudinal associations between mother and child intake of both energy-dense, nutrient-poor (obesogenic) food groups and fibre-, nutrient-rich food groups using random intercept logistic regression. Both mothers and their infants had high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, desserts, and sweets and low intake of vegetables and whole grains. Infant consumption of key food groups was strongly associated with maternal consumption, suggesting the need for focused interventions to target maternal diet as a pathway to decreasing risk for the establishment of poor dietary patterns early in life.
title: Review: "Poland's Security Policy. The West, Russia, and the Changing International Order"/ Justyna Zając. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-137-59499-0
Creators: name: Tyushka, Andriy
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2020

description: Whereas now, in the midst of the rule of law spat with the European Union, it is rather the domestic political situation in Poland that draws most attention in academia and among the policymaking community, the country's foreign and security policy, too, falls under the loop of security scholars and professionals – particularly since Russia's hybrid overtures in Ukrainian Crimea and Donbas as well as further afield in post-2014 Europe. Written by a renowned Polish IR scholar from Warsaw University and a national security policy insider, Poland's Security Policy: The West, Russia, and the Changing International Order, published by Palgrave Macmillan in 2016, provides therefore a well-timed, astute and detailed account of complex national security dilemmas and their management by the Republic of Poland from the period of post-communist transition in 1989 onwards.
„Ökonomisierung“ der Hochschulen. Ein Rückblick
Creators: name: Müller, Christoph
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economisation of Higher Education
Economisation of Science
Innovation
Dematerialisation
Creative Destruction

description: Looking back to the years from 1995 to 2010, different aspects of the so called economisation of higher edu-cation are recalled: competition, economic education management and deregulation of admission to higher edu-cation. Of special interest are some limitations in the economic approach as such: the tendency toward quantification and dichotomisation, toward instrumental rationality and toward a methodical oblivion of nature. As for the economisation of science, it is diagnosed a fundamental and accelerated pressure concern-ing technological innovations, according to theories of economic growth with endogenous technological change, and resulting from the dematerialisation of numerous products including scientific knowledge itself. The elites of science seem to be a new ruling class to which today´s ecological challenges are something like a legitimational windfall in the business of knowledge economy which, apart from this, has become totally self-referential.
The Edge-Distinguishing Chromatic Number of Petal Graphs, Chorded Cycles, and Spider Graphs
Creators: name: Fickes, Grant
name: Wong, Wing Hong Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C60, 05C45

description: The edge-distinguishing chromatic number (EDCN) of a graph $G$ is the minimum positive integer $k$ such that there exists a vertex coloring $c:V(G)\to\{1,2,\dotsc,k\}$ whose induced edge labels $\{c(u),c(v)\}$ are distinct for all edges $uv$. Previous work has determined the EDCN of paths, cycles, and spider graphs with three legs. In this paper, we determine the EDCN of petal graphs with two petals and a loop, cycles with one chord, and spider graphs with four legs. These are achieved by graph embedding into looped complete graphs.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
Parametric resonance of complex scalar field under spacetime oscillations
Creators: name: Dave, Shreyansh S.
name: Digal, Sanatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, we study time evolution of a complex scalar field, in symmetry broken phase, in presence of oscillating spacetime metric background. We show that spacetime oscillations lead to parametric resonance of the field. This generates excitations in the field for a wide range of frequency of spacetime oscillations which ultimately lead to the formation of topological vortices. The lowest frequency cut-off to induce this phenomena is set by system size due to finite size effects.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to proceedings of XXIV DAE-BRNS Symposium on High Energy Physics, Dec. 14-18, 2020, Jatni, Odisha, India
Making Elastic Net, Lasso, and Ridge Regression Less Naive
Creators: name: Atkins, Joel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Elastic Net, Lasso, Ridge Regression

description: This paper suggests two adjustments to elastic net. It shows that for categorical variables, the answer depends on the choice of base class and recommends using a class with an effect in the middle of the range of class effects. It also suggests an alternative way to scale predictors that performs better than standardizing variables.
Universal properties of cold holographic matter
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Ramallo, Alfonso V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective excitations of holographic quantum liquids formed in the low energy theory living at the intersection of two sets of D-branes. The corresponding field theory dual is a supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with massless matter hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation of the gauge group which generically live on a defect of the unflavored theory. Working in the quenched (probe) approximation, we focus on determining the universal properties of these systems. We analyze their thermodynamics, the speed of first sound, the diffusion constant, and the speed of zero sound. We study the influence of temperature, chemical potential, and magnetic field on these quantities, as well as on the corresponding collisionless/hydrodynamic crossover. We also generalize the alternative quantization for all conformally $AdS_4$ cases and study the anyonic correlators.
description: 61 pages, 18 figures; v2: ref. added, typos corrected; v3: more typo fixes, refs. added, fig. 9 fixed, two new sections including the interpretation of lambda and comments on bounds on speed of sound and diffusity
Communication via Design Artifacts in Software Development Teams
Creators: name: Lopes, Adriana
name: Souza, Clarisse De
name: Tayana Conte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this technical report, we present Directives of Communicability (DCs) adapted for the production of specific artifacts, such as UML use case and diagram, and prototype. We also present DCs adapted to support practitioners in the diagnosis of some software artifacts, such as UML use case, and prototype. Besides, we describe factors that support practitioners to analyze the conditions of communication via artifacts. Practitioners from five different development teams used our proposal. In this technical report, we present our data analysis of the factors used by practitioners.
How overweight and obesity relate to the development of functional limitations among filipino women
Creators: name: Borja, J.B.
name: Adair, L.S.
name: Duazo, P.
Publisher: name: MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2018

description: As life expectancy and obesity increase in low and middle-income countries, the relationship of weight status to functional outcomes in older adults in these settings requires attention. We examined how overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2), and high waist circumference (WC > 80 cm) related to grip strength, timed up-and-go, and development of limitations in mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among Filipino women. We analyzed data from seven rounds of the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994, n = 2279 to 2015, n = 1568, age 49-78 years) to examine how women's reports of functional limitations related to their prior WC, and how their grip strength and timed up-and-go related to concurrently measured overweight and obesity, adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, and urbanicity. High WC was associated with higher odds of subsequent mobility and IADL limitations. Chronic disease morbidity (sum of self-reported arthritis, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer) fully mediated the association of high WC with ADL and IADL limitations, but not physical/mobility limitations. Longer up-and-go times, and higher grip strength were related to overweight and obesity. Results emphasize the need for obesity prevention to reduce chronic diseases and maintain good functional status as women age.
On naturality of the Ozsvath-Szabo contact invariant
Creators: name: Hedden, Matthew
name: Tovstopyat-Nelip, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss functoriality properties of the Ozsvath-Szabo contact invariant, and expose a number of results which seemed destined for folklore. We clarify the (in)dependence of the invariant on the basepoint, prove that it is functorial with respect to contactomorphisms, and show that it is strongly functorial under Stein cobordisms.
description: 19 pages
Paediatric hypertension in South Africa: An underestimated problem calling for action
Creators: name: Kagura, J.
name: Norris, S.A.
name: Pettifor, J.M.
name: Adair, L.S.
name: Ong, K.K.
Publisher: name: South African Medical Association
Year: 2018

description: Hypertension is a major global health problem and the most prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). According to a recent report from the Word Health Organization/Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (WHO-SAGE) group, almost half of the South African (SA) adult population is living with hypertension. Although the condition occurs less frequently in children than in adults, evidence now supports the concept that adult essential hypertension has its roots in childhood. A systematic review reports that the prevalence of hypertension in SA children ranges from 7.5% to 22.3%. One in five children aged 5 years is hypertensive (≥95th percentile for age, height and sex), and 60% of children with elevated blood pressure (BP) (>90th percentile for age, height and sex) maintain that status into early adulthood. In addition, there are distinct BP trajectories set early in childhood that are mainly driven by patterns of early life growth and socioeconomic environment. We seek to raise awareness of paediatric hypertension, its risk factors and its consequences, and highlight the importance of action, which can inform early detection and intervention strategies in the context of an increasing burden of cardiovascular disease in SA.
Thermal Neural Networks: Lumped-Parameter Thermal Modeling With State-Space Machine Learning
Creators: name: Kirchgässner, Wilhelm
name: Wallscheid, Oliver
name: Böcker, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With electric power systems becoming more compact and increasingly powerful, the relevance of thermal stress especially during overload operation is expected to increase ceaselessly. Whenever critical temperatures cannot be measured economically on a sensor base, a thermal model lends itself to estimate those unknown quantities. Thermal models for electric power systems are usually required to be both, real-time capable and of high estimation accuracy. Moreover, ease of implementation and time to production play an increasingly important role. In this work, the thermal neural network (TNN) is introduced, which unifies both, consolidated knowledge in the form of heat-transfer-based lumped-parameter models, and data-driven nonlinear function approximation with supervised machine learning. A quasi-linear parameter-varying system is identified solely from empirical data, where relationships between scheduling variables and system matrices are inferred statistically and automatically. At the same time, a TNN has physically interpretable states through its state-space representation, is end-to-end trainable -- similar to deep learning models -- with automatic differentiation, and requires no material, geometry, nor expert knowledge for its design. Experiments on an electric motor data set show that a TNN achieves higher temperature estimation accuracies than previous white-/grey- or black-box models with a mean squared error of $3.18~\text{K}^2$ and a worst-case error of $5.84~\text{K}$ at 64 model parameters.
description: Preprint; Fix typos, streamline math. notation; 10 pages
Contamination and Source Identification of the Elemental Contents of Soil Samples from Municipal and Medical Waste Dumpsites in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Creators: name: Owoade, Oyediran Kayode
name: Tunde, Ogundele Lasun
name: Olise, Felix Samuel
name: Odekunle, Abigail T.
name: Abiodun, Pelumi O.
name: Ezeh, Godwin C.
name: Hopke, Philip K.
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2020
Subjects: Municipal; Medical; Waste; Contamination; PIXE; PMF

description: Contamination in soil samples collected from municipal and medical waste sites was assessed by employing four indices: contamination factor (Cf ), degree of contamination (Cdeg), pollution load index (PLI), and index of geoaccumulation (Igeo). The sources of soil contaminants were identified by using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). Iron had the highest average concentrations of 46.47 ± 14.03 and 39.42 ± 2.54 µg/g in the municipal and medical waste dumpsites. Cf values were above 6 for both dumpsites, classifying the dumpsite soil as very high contamination with respect to Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb. The overall Cdeg and PLI values are 176.9 and 170.4 and > 5 for both dumpsite implying very high degrees of contamination and progressive deterioration, respectively. The average Igeo values for Zn, Cd, and Pb of the two dumpsites were >3, indicating that the soil samples at both study areas were classified as highly to moderately polluted. The three identified sources resolved by PMF and their respective percentage contributions were crustal (32 %), scrap metals wastes (40 %), and electronic wastes (28 %).
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol 40 (2020)
Domain-Adversarial Training of Self-Attention Based Networks for Land Cover Classification using Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Martini, Mauro
name: Mazzia, Vittorio
name: Khaliq, Aleem
name: Chiaberge, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing availability of large-scale remote sensing labeled data has prompted researchers to develop increasingly precise and accurate data-driven models for land cover and crop classification (LC&CC). Moreover, with the introduction of self-attention and introspection mechanisms, deep learning approaches have shown promising results in processing long temporal sequences in the multi-spectral domain with a contained computational request. Nevertheless, most practical applications cannot rely on labeled data, and in the field, surveys are a time consuming solution that poses strict limitations to the number of collected samples. Moreover, atmospheric conditions and specific geographical region characteristics constitute a relevant domain gap that does not allow direct applicability of a trained model on the available dataset to the area of interest. In this paper, we investigate adversarial training of deep neural networks to bridge the domain discrepancy between distinct geographical zones. In particular, we perform a thorough analysis of domain adaptation applied to challenging multi-spectral, multi-temporal data, accurately highlighting the advantages of adapting state-of-the-art self-attention based models for LC&CC to different target zones where labeled data are not available. Extensive experimentation demonstrated significant performance and generalization gain in applying domain-adversarial training to source and target regions with marked dissimilarities between the distribution of extracted features.
X-ray spectroscopy of super-intense laser-produced plasmas for the study of nonlinear processes. Comparison with PIC simulations
Creators: name: Dalimier, E.
name: Ya Faenov, A.
name: Oks, E.
name: Angelo, P.
name: Pikuz, T.A.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Andreev, A.
name: Koga, J.
name: Sakaki, H.
name: Kotaki, H.
name: Pirozhkov, A.
name: Hayashi, Y.
name: Skobelev, I.Yu.
name: Pikuz, S.A.
name: Kawachi, T.
name: Kando, M.
name: Kondo, K.
name: Zhidkov, A.
name: Tubman, E.
name: Butler, N.M.H.
name: Dance, R.J.
name: Alkhimova, M.A.
name: Booth, N.
name: Green, J.
name: Gregory, C.
name: McKenna, P.
name: Woolsey, N.
name: Kodama, R.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Argon lasers
subject: Beam plasma interactions
subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: Laser beams
subject: Laser diagnostics
subject: Laser produced plasmas
subject: Nonlinear optics
subject: Plasma diagnostics
subject: Plasma interactions
subject: Plasma simulation
subject: Plasma stability
subject: Spectroscopy
subject: X-ray spectroscopy
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 530

description: We present X-ray spectroscopic diagnostics in femto-second laser-driven experiments revealing nonlinear phenomena caused by the strong coupling of the laser radiation with the created plasma. Among those nonlinear phenomena, we found the signatures of the Two Plasmon Decay (TPD) instability in a laser-driven CO2 cluster-based plasma by analyzing the Langmuir dips in the profile of the O VIII Lyϵ line, caused by the Langmuir waves created at the high laser intensity 3 1018Wcm-2. With similar laser intensities, we reveal also the nonlinear phenomenon of the Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) of the laser frequency by analyzing the nonlinear phenomenon of satellites of Lyman δ and ϵ lines of Ar XVII. In the case of relativistic laser-plasma interaction we discovered the Parametric Decay Instability (PDI)-induced ion acoustic turbulence produced simultaneously with Langmuir waves via irradiation of thin Si foils by laser intensities of 1021Wcm-2.
Learning Lipschitz Feedback Policies from Expert Demonstrations: Closed-Loop Guarantees, Generalization and Robustness
Creators: name: Makdah, Abed AlRahman Al
name: Krishnan, Vishaal
name: Pasqualetti, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93Cxx

description: In this work, we propose a framework to learn feedback control policies with guarantees on closed-loop generalization and adversarial robustness. These policies are learned directly from expert demonstrations, contained in a dataset of state-control input pairs, without any prior knowledge of the task and system model. We use a Lipschitz-constrained loss minimization scheme to learn feedback policies with certified closed-loop robustness, wherein the Lipschitz constraint serves as a mechanism to tune the generalization performance and robustness to adversarial disturbances. Our analysis exploits the Lipschitz property to obtain closed-loop guarantees on generalization and robustness of the learned policies. In particular, we derive a finite sample bound on the policy learning error and establish robust closed-loop stability under the learned control policy. We also derive bounds on the closed-loop regret with respect to the expert policy and the deterioration of closed-loop performance under bounded (adversarial) disturbances to the state measurements. Numerical results validate our analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of our robust feedback policy learning framework. Finally, our results suggest the existence of a potential tradeoff between nominal closed-loop performance and adversarial robustness, and that improvements in nominal closed-loop performance can only be made at the expense of robustness to adversarial perturbations.
description: Submitted to the IEEE Open Journal of Control Systems
Consumption of key food groups during the postpartum period in low-income, non-Hispanic black mothers
Creators: name: Suchindran, C.M.
name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
name: Bentley, M.E.
name: Adair, L.S.
name: Wasser, H.
name: Kay, M.C.
name: Thompson, A.L.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 2017

description: The postpartum period can impact diet quality and subsequently place women at greater risk for overweight or obesity. This study examined consumption of key food groups during the first 2 years postpartum among low income, non-Hispanic black, first-time mothers. Data were from the Infant Care, Feeding and Risk of Obesity Study, a cohort of 217 mother–infant dyads, followed from 3 to 18 months postpartum, collected from 2003 to 2007. At each study visit (3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months) 24-h dietary recalls were collected. Consumption levels were compared to those recommended from the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs) for each of the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, grains, whole grains, protein foods and dairy, as well as an estimated upper limit for sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. At each time point, mothers met recommended intake levels for grains and protein foods only. In random-intercept logistic regression models, no demographic or household characteristics were associated with a likelihood of consuming recommended levels for any of the food groups according to the DGAs. Given the low intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean protein foods and high intake of SSBs and refined grains, interventions targeting women's diet during the postpartum period are warranted.
Low latency protocol for transmission of measurement data from FPGA to Linux computer via 10 Gbps Ethernet link
Creators: name: Zabolotny, Wojciech M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents FADE-10G - an integrated solution for modern multichannel measurement systems. Its main aim is a low latency, reliable transmission of measurement data from FPGA-based front-end electronic boards (FEBs) to a computer-based node in the Data Acquisition System (DAQ), using a standard Ethernet 1 Gbps or 10 Gbps link. In addition to transmission of data, the system allows the user to send reliably simple control commands from DAQ to FEB and to receive responses. The aim of the work is to provide a possible simple base solution, which can be adapted by the end user to his or her particular needs. Therefore, the emphasis is put on the minimal consumption of FPGA resources in FEB and the minimal CPU load in the DAQ computer. The open source implementation of the FPGA IP core and the Linux kernel driver published under permissive license facilitates modifications and reuse of the solution. The system has been successfully tested in real hardware, both with 1 Gbps and 10 Gbps links.
description: Introduced further language corrections. Changed section describing resource consumption
River sediment diversions and ecogeomorphic feedbacks promote coastal deltaic marshes sustainability
Creators: name: Rovai, Andre
name: Twilley, Robert R
name: Christensen, Alexandra
name: Jensen, Daniel
name: Snedden, Gregg
name: Morris, James T.
name: Janousek, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50199 Ecological Applications not elsewhere classified
subject: 40601 Geomorphology and Regolith and Landscape Evolution

description: This manuscript is in preparation for a Special Issue on Environmental and Human Dynamics of the Yangtze River and Mississippi River Deltas: Temporal and Geographical Perspectives to be published in Geomorphology. The expected publication date is after May, 2021. An updated version of this manuscript will be added to this repository soon after it is accepted for publication.
Breastfeeding modifies the impact of diarrhoeal disease on relative weight: a longitudinal analysis of 2–12 month-old Filipino infants
Creators: name: Wright, M.J.
name: Bentley, M.E.
name: Mendez, M.A.
name: Adair, L.S.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Undernutrition and diarrhoeal disease are major causes of infant mortality. We investigated the combined roles of breastfeeding and diarrhoea on infant size in 2940 infants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. The study aimed to assess whether breastfeeding status modified the deficits associated with diarrhoeal disease. The primary exposures were combinations of current breastfeeding status (yes/no), the presence of diarrhoeal disease in previous week (yes/no) and a categorical survey variable (six surveys taken at bimonthly intervals when infants were 2–12 months of age). Relative weight (weight-for-length z-scores), calculated using the WHO growth standards, was estimated using sex-stratified, fixed-effects longitudinal models that also adjusted for energy from complementary foods. Post-estimation Wald tests were conducted to identify subgroup differences in relative weight. Diarrhoea was associated with reduced relative weight in both breastfed and non-breastfed infants of 6–12 months. Diarrhoea-related deficits in relative weight were significantly exacerbated in non-breastfed girls of 6 and 8 months. Importantly, in infants <6 months, being breastfed and having diarrhoea was still associated with greater relative weight compared with being non-breastfed and diarrhoea-free. Breastfeeding emerged as a strong contributor to relative weight in younger infants (<6 months) while diarrhoeal disease strongly contributed to deficits in relative weight in older infants (6–12 months). These findings underscore the importance of breastfeeding for promoting infant nutritional status in infants with or without diarrhoea from birth to 12 months.
COVID-19 detection using chest X-rays: is lung segmentation important for generalization?
Creators: name: Bassi, Pedro R. A. S.
name: Attux, Romis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: we evaluated the generalization capability of deep neural networks (DNNs), trained to classify chest X-rays as Covid-19, normal or pneumonia, using a relatively small and mixed dataset. Methods: we proposed a DNN to perform lung segmentation and classification, stacking a segmentation module (U-Net), an original intermediate module and a classification module (DenseNet201). To evaluate generalization, we tested the DNN with an external dataset (from distinct localities) and used Bayesian inference to estimate probability distributions of performance metrics. Results: our DNN achieved 0.917 AUC on the external test dataset, and a DenseNet without segmentation, 0.906. Bayesian inference indicated mean accuracy of 76.1% and [0.695, 0.826] 95% HDI (highest density interval, which concentrates 95% of the metric's probability mass) with segmentation and, without segmentation, 71.7% and [0.646, 0.786]. Conclusion: employing a novel DNN evaluation technique, which uses LRP and Brixia scores, we discovered that areas where radiologists found strong Covid-19 symptoms are the most important for the stacked DNN classification. External validation showed smaller accuracies than internal, indicating difficulty in generalization, which is positively affected by segmentation. Finally, the performance in the external dataset and the analysis with LRP suggest that DNNs can be trained in small and mixed datasets and still successfully detect Covid-19.
description: Text and figure improvements. Results did not change. Included DOI and reference to the published article (Research on Biomedical Engineering, Springer). Link for the published paper: https://trebuchet.public.springernature.app/get_content/1ab346c8-06ea-49ed-92f3-deaec80f6988
title: FPGA-Based System Design for Applications of de
Bruijn Graphs
Creators: name: Ρομπογιαννακης Εμμανουηλ----Ελευθεριος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: The mathematical properties of De Bruijn graph were originally introduced in 1951 by the Dutch mathematicians Tanja van Aardenne-Ehrenfests
and Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn. The De Bruijn graph is a directed graph representing overlaps between sequences of symbols; it has several uses in the
field of telecommunications in protocols and networks and in the field of
Bioinformatics, specifically in De novo genome assembly.
The properties of De Bruijn graph and its promising uses in De novo genome
assembly have been presented in several scientific articles. In this thesis we have implemented an FPGA-based prototype hardware system for de
Bruijn graph applications in de Novo genome assembly. We used the Russian genome assembler named SPAdes13.0  as a case study for the use of
de Bruijn Graphs. The SPAdes.13.0 genome assembler is a current-generation
tool, and it is widely used in the field. The SPAdes.13.0 is also used for the
verification of our experimental results. The data sets used in this thesis come
from to European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) . The FPGA Alveo U50
has been used as the target technology for experimental results in this thesis. The resulting speedup is modest (up to 1.14x-1.35x) for small data sets
and the system has worse performance than SPAdes for large data sets, the
bottleneck being the resources and the memory subsystem. Different accelerator cards with more storage capacity and resources could better exploit
parallelism with more compute units. Thus, this thesis is more of a firstgeneration feasibility study, and can form the baseline for future accelerator
architectures.
A User's Guide to Morse Foliated Open Books
Creators: name: Licata, Joan E.
name: Vértesi, Vera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K33

description: Morse foliated open books were introduced by the autors (along with abstract and embedded versions) as a tool for studying contact manifolds with boundary, and this article illustrates the advantages of the Morse perspective. We use this to extend the definition of \textit{right-veering} to foliated open books and we show that it plays a similar role in detecting overtwistedness as in other versions of open books.
description: 16 pages, 12 pictures
Disadvantages of having an adolescent mother
Creators: name: Stein, A.D.
name: Osmond, C.
name: Martorell, R.
name: Victora, C.
name: Richter, L.M.
name: Haazen, D.S.
name: Adair, L.
name: Sachdev, H.S.
name: Norris, S.
name: Fall, C.H.D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2016

description: We recently reported associations between maternal age at childbirth and outcomes in the off spring, using data from fi ve birth cohorts (COHORTS collaboration) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), in The Lancet Global Health. Young maternal age (<19 years) was associated with lower offspring birthweight, gestational age, childhood nutritional status (weight-for-age and height-for-age at 2 years), and attained schooling, and higher adult glucose concentration, compared with off spring of mothers aged 20–24 years. These associations were independent of maternal socioeconomic status, height, and parity.
A friendly introduction to the bordered contact invariant
Creators: name: Alishahi, Akram
name: Licata, Joan
name: Petkova, Ina
name: Vértesi, Vera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K33, 57R58

description: We give a short introduction to the contact invariant in bordered Floer homology defined by Földvári, Hendricks, and the authors. The construction relies on a special class of foliated open books. We discuss a procedure to obtain such a foliated open book and present a definition of the contact invariant. We also provide a "local proof", through an explicit bordered computation, of the vanishing of the contact invariant for overtwisted structures.
description: Expanded the exposition, reorganized, and added new examples. 23 pages, 17 figures
SHIMM as an atmospheric profiler on the Nickel Telescope
Creators: name: Jackson, Ollie
name: van Kooten, Maaike A. M.
name: Perera, Saavidra
name: Jensen-Clem, Rebecca
name: Hinz, Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal atmospheric conditions are beneficial for detecting exoplanets via high contrast imaging (HCI), as speckles from adaptive optics' (AO's) residuals can make it difficult to identify exoplanets. While AO systems greatly improve our image quality, having access to real-time estimates of atmospheric conditions could also help astronomers use their telescope time more efficiently in the search for exoplanets as well as aid in the data reduction process. The Shack-Hartmann Imaging Motion Monitor (SHIMM) is an atmospheric profiler that utilizes a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to create spot images of a single star in order to reconstruct important atmospheric parameters such as the Fried parameter ($r_0$), $C_n^2$ profile and coherence time. Due to its simplicity, the SHIMM can be directly used on a telescope to get in situ measurements while observing. We present our implementation of the Nickel-SHIMM design for the one meter Nickel Telescope at Lick Observatory. We utilize an HCIPy simulation of turbulence propagating across a telescope aperture to verify the SHIMM data reduction pipeline as we begin on-sky testing. We also used on-sky data from the AO system on the Shane Telescope to further validate our analysis, finding that both our simulation and data reduction pipeline are consistent with previously determined results for the Fried parameter at the Lick Observatory. Finally, we present first light results from commissioning of the Nickel-SHIMM.
description: Conference Proceedings for 2023 SPIE Optics and Photonics, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI