cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Association Between a Novel Index of Volume of Exercise Performed and Health Outcomes
Creators: Lauriola, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Kinesiology
Public health
Aerobic exercises--Psychological aspects
Mental health
Exercise--Health aspects

description: The association between increased participation in physical activity (PA) and improvements in health is so well established that the promotion of regular participation in PA is a key public health priority. However, much remains to be explored about the dose-response relationship between PA and the many health benefits. To address this issue, there is a need to accurately measure PA across all population sub-groups. Finding a valid, reliable and sensitive measure of PA is essential for improving our understanding of PA-related disorders, for more clearly defining the dose-response relationship between the volume, intensity and pattern of PA and the associated health benefits, and to examine the effectiveness of interventions and public health initiatives. We conducted three exercise studies aimed at examining the associations between a novel indexof exercise volume and selected physiological and psychological outcomes. The first and second studies were secondary analyses of studies in which the validity of this index was assessed in two different exercise interventions: 12-weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and a 6-week high intensity interval training intervention. The third study was a prospective randomized controlled trial testing the feasibility and practicality of this index as applied to a specific population in an at-home exercise intervention. Taken as a whole, the results from the three studies indicate that the novel method of measuring exercise volume is promising for tracking some of the biological and psychological benefits that are associated with exercise. In these studies, this novel index of exercise volume was significantly associated with specific markers of biological adaptation to exercise training that are clinically meaningful. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in larger, diverse samples, and to broaden our understanding of how applications of this novel index can expand our ability to illuminate mechanisms whereby exercise might improve physical and mental health in research and in practice.
Ages and kinematics of chemically selected, accreted Milky Way halo stars
Creators: name: Das, Payel
name: Hawkins, Keith
name: Jofre, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the [Mg/Mn]-[Al/Fe] chemical abundance plane to help identify nearby halo stars in the 14th data release from the APOGEE survey that have been accreted on to the Milky Way. Applying a Gaussian Mixture Model, we find a `blob' of 856 likely accreted stars, with a low disc contamination rate of ~7%. Cross-matching the sample with the second data release from Gaia gives us access to parallaxes and apparent magnitudes, which place constraints on distances and intrinsic luminosities. Using a Bayesian isochrone pipeline, this enables us to estimate new ages for the accreted stars, with typical uncertainties of ~20%. Our new catalogue is further supplemented with estimates of orbital parameters. The blob stars span a metallicities between -0.5 to -2.5, and [Mg/Fe] between -0.1 to 0.5. They constitute ~30% of the metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -0.8) halo at metallicities of ~-1.4. Our new ages are mainly range between 8 to 13 Gyr, with the oldest stars the metal-poorest, and with the highest [Mg/Fe] abundance. If the blob stars are assumed to belong to a single progenitor, the ages imply that the system merged with our Milky Way around 8 Gyr ago and that star formation proceeded for ~5 Gyr. Dynamical arguments suggest that such a single progenitor would have a total mass of ~1011Msun, similar to that found by other authors using chemical evolution models and simulations. Comparing the scatter in the [Mg/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane of the blob stars to that measured for stars belonging to the Large Magellanic Cloud suggests that the blob does indeed contain stars from only one progenitor.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome!
Universality at the edge of the spectrum in Wigner random matrices
Creators: name: Soshnikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove universality at the edge for rescaled correlation functions of Wigner random matrices in the limit $n\to +\infty$. As a corollary, we show that, after proper rescaling, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. eigenvalues of Wigner random hermitian (resp. real symmetric) matrix weakly converge to the distributions established by Tracy and Widom in G.U.E. (G.O.E.) cases.
description: We corrected several misprints and little mistakes (the most important one is formula (1.15)). We also reformulated two auxiliary theorems (Theorem 2 and Theorem 3) to emphasize the asymptotic nature of the results
Information and disturbance in operational probabilistic theories
Creators: name: D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro
name: Perinotti, Paolo
name: Tosini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any measurement is intended to provide information on a system, namely knowledge about its state. However, we learn from quantum theory that it is generally impossible to extract information without disturbing the state of the system or its correlations with other systems. In this paper we address the issue of the interplay between information and disturbance for a general operational probabilistic theory. The traditional notion of disturbance considers the fate of the system state after the measurement. However, the fact that the system state is left untouched ensures that also correlations are preserved only in the presence of local discriminability. Here we provide the definition of disturbance that is appropriate for a general theory. Moreover, since in a theory without causality information can be gathered also on the effect, we generalise the notion of no-information test. We then prove an equivalent condition for no-information without disturbance-atomicity of the identity-namely the impossibility of achieving the trivial evolution-the identity-as the coarse-graining of a set of non trivial ones. We prove a general theorem showing that information that can be retrieved without disturbance corresponds to perfectly repeatable and discriminating tests. Based on this, we prove a structure theorem for operational probabilistic theories, showing that the set of states of any system decomposes as a direct sum of perfectly discriminable sets, and such decomposition is preserved under system composition. As a consequence, a theory is such that any information can be extracted without disturbance only if all its systems are classical. Finally, we show via concrete examples that no-information without disturbance is independent of both local discriminability and purification.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
A version of the Jensen-Johnsbråten coding at arbitrary level $n\geq 3$
Creators: name: Kanovei, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Theorem: Let $n\ge 2.$ There is a CCC in $L$ forcing notion $P=P_n\in L$ such that $P$-generic extensions of $L$ are of the form $L[a],$ where $a\subseteqω$ and 1) $a$ is $Δ^1_{n+1}$ in $L[a]$; and 2) if $b\in L[a],$ $b\subseteqω$ is $Σ^1_n$ in $L[a]$ then $b\in L$ and $b$ is $Σ^1_n$ in $L$. In addition, if a model $M$ extends $L$ and contains two different $P$-generic sets $a,\,a'\subseteqω,$ then $ω^M_1 > ω^L_1$. Comment: For $n=2,$ this is a result of Jensen and Johnsbråten, 1974. In this case, 2) is a corollary of the Shoenfield absoluteness theorem.
Exploring the Aurora Battery, a Gifted Identification Tool in a Small Sample of 4th, 5th and 6th Graders
Creators: Mandelman, Samuel D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Educational psychology
Cognitive psychology
Gifted children--Identification

description: The objective of this dissertation is to offer a series of analyses that contribute to the validation of the Aurora Battery, a cognitive assessment based on Robert J. Sternberg's theory of Successful Intelligence that is currently under development. Convergent validity will be examined by exploring how objective and subjective measures of the battery converge, through the novel application of the Correlated Trait Correlated Method-1, a specialized confirmatory factor analysis model that allows subjective measures to be compared against an objective measure. The predictive validity of Aurora will be shown by highlighting Aurora's ability to help predict students' school grade point average through latent growth curve models that are extended into path models. Divergent validity will be demonstrated by establishing sensitivity and specificity between the Aurora Battery and the TerraNova tests. Finally, the current state of the field of giftedness and possible future directions will be discussed.
Some simple theories of gravity with propagating nonmetricity
Creators: name: Mikura, Yusuke
name: Percacci, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate symmetric Metric-Affine Theories of Gravity with a Lagrangian containing all operators of dimension up to four that are relevant to free propagation in flat space. Complementing recent work in the antisymmetric case, we derive the conditions for the existence of a single massive particle with good properties, in addition to the graviton.
description: 20 pages
title: Phegopteris connectilis
title: Gewöhnlicher Buchenfarn (Phegopteris connectilis)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Thelypteris phegopteris
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder des Gewöhnlichen Buchenfarns.
title: Botrychium lunaria
title: Echte Mondraute (Botrychium lunaria)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 14 Bilder der Echten Mondraute.
Novikov-Shubin invariants for arbitrary group actions and their positivity
Creators: name: Lueck, Wolfgang
name: Reich, Holger
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R40

description: We extend the notion of Novikov-Shubin invariant for free G-CW-complexes of finite type to spaces with arbitrary G-actions and prove some statements about their positivity. In particular we apply this to classifying spaces of discrete groups.
description: 18 pages, metadata changed
Seismic Stratigraphy and Geomorphology of Palaeocene Volcanic Rocks, Faroe-Shetland Basin
Creators: name: Wright, Kirstie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics
subject: 40314 Volcanology

description: 2D and 3D seismic reflection data in the Faroe-Shetland Basin have been used to remotely study buried, large-scale Palaeocene volcanic structures emplaced during continental flood basalt volcanism in the Faroe-Shetland Basin. The flood basalts were emplaced as thick and extensive pāhoehoe lava flows from multiple sources, including fissure systems close to the Faroese shelf and from volcanic centres within the basin. This thesis has investigated the distribution and internal structure of the flood basalts based on the hypothesis that volcanic eruptions produce volcanic depositional successions that record the temporal and spatial variations of the basin into which they are emplaced. Multiple eruptions will produce cycles of volcanic deposition that are delineated by hiatal surfaces. These successions can be recognised in seismic reflection data by applying seismic stratigraphic concepts in order to gain insights into the evolution of volcanic basin-fill.

The Faroe-Shetland Basin contains a variety of depositional environments, including a deepening marine basin where continental flood basalts reached a palaeo-shoreline and constructed an extensive lava-fed delta system >1000 m thick. The delta is composed of 13 seismic reflection units whose stacking architecture primarily records variations in lava supply and accommodation. Modification of the delta front was by erosion and debris avalanches. The second environment is subaerial to shallow marine where the continental flood basalts emplaced multiple lava flows 10 - 60 m thick which coalesced to form extensive and overlapping lava flow fields. Four seismic reflection units have been recognised and record variations in source and supply of the lava flows. During reoccurring periods of volcanic quiescence, fluvial channels 350 – 500 m wide incised across the lava flow fields, constrained by flow field topography.

The volcanic depositional successions used to reconstruct the volcanic basin-fill history of the Faroe-Shetland Basin indicate that eruptive styles and volcanic structures varying significantly over relatively small areas (tens of km2). Many of the seismic observations have been compared to outcrop analogues, are scale-independent and are indicative of emplacement environment. Analysis has also led to the development of a volcanic seismic stratigraphic model as depositional patterns produced during volcanic activity are primarily driven by volcanic supply. The results presented in this thesis have many important implications for stratigraphy, hydrocarbon exploration and basin modelling in the Faroe-Shetland Basin and therefore can be applied beyond the fields of volcanology or seismic interpretation.
Radiative-equilibrium model of Jupiter's atmosphere and application to estimating stratospheric circulations
Creators: name: Guerlet, Sandrine
name: Spiga, Aymeric
name: Fouchet, Thierry
name: Delattre, Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computationally efficient 1-D seasonal radiative model, with convective adjustment, of Jupiter's atmosphere. Our model takes into account radiative forcings from the main hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, acetylene), ammonia, collision-induced absorption, four cloud and haze layers (including a UV-absorbing "polar" stratospheric haze) and an internal heat flux. We detail sensitivity studies of the equilibrium temperature profile to several parameters. We discuss the expected seasonal, vertical and meridional thermal structure and compare it to that derived from Cassini and ground-based thermal infrared observations. We find that the equilibrium temperature in the 5-30 mbar pressure range is very sensitive to the chosen stratospheric haze optical properties, sizes and number of monomers. The polar haze can significantly warm the lower stratosphere (10-30 mbar) by up to 20K at latitudes 45-60°. At pressures lower than 3 mbar, our modeled temperatures systematically underestimate the observed ones by 5K. This might suggest that other processes, such as dynamical heating by wave breaking or by eddies, or a coupling with thermospheric circulation, play an important role. In the troposphere, we can only match the observed lack of meridional gradient of temperature by varying the internal heat flux with latitude. We then exploit knowledge of heating and cooling rates to diagnose the residual-mean circulation in Jupiter's stratosphere, under the assumption that the eddy heat flux convergence term is negligible. In the lower stratosphere (5-30 mbar), the residual-mean circulation strongly depends on the assumed properties of the stratospheric haze. Our main conclusion is that it is crucial to improve our knowledge on the radiative forcing terms to increase our confidence in the estimated circulation. By extension, this will also be crucial for future 3D GCM studies.
description: 72 pages, 21 figures. Version accepted by Icarus in June, 2020
Functional Eigen-Grasping Using Approach Heatmaps
Creators: name: Aburub, Malek
name: Higashi, Kazuki
name: Wan, Weiwei
name: Harada, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a framework for a robot with a multi-fingered hand to freely utilize daily tools, including functional parts like buttons and triggers. An approach heatmap is generated by selecting a functional finger, indicating optimal palm positions on the object's surface that enable the functional finger to contact the tool's functional part. Once the palm position is identified through the heatmap, achieving the functional grasp becomes a straightforward process where the fingers stably grasp the object with low-dimensional inputs using the eigengrasp. As our approach does not need human demonstrations, it can easily adapt to various sizes and designs, extending its applicability to different objects. In our approach, we use directional manipulability to obtain the approach heatmap. In addition, we add two kinds of energy functions, i.e., palm energy and functional energy functions, to realize the eigengrasp. Using this method, each robotic gripper can autonomously identify its optimal workspace for functional grasping, extending its applicability to non-anthropomorphic robotic hands. We show that several daily tools like spray, drill, and remotes can be efficiently used by not only an anthropomorphic Shadow hand but also a non-anthropomorphic Barrett hand.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
dpUGC: Learn Differentially Private Representation for User Generated Contents
Creators: name: Vu, Xuan-Son
name: Tran, Son N.
name: Jiang, Lili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper firstly proposes a simple yet efficient generalized approach to apply differential privacy to text representation (i.e., word embedding). Based on it, we propose a user-level approach to learn personalized differentially private word embedding model on user generated contents (UGC). To our best knowledge, this is the first work of learning user-level differentially private word embedding model from text for sharing. The proposed approaches protect the privacy of the individual from re-identification, especially provide better trade-off of privacy and data utility on UGC data for sharing. The experimental results show that the trained embedding models are applicable for the classic text analysis tasks (e.g., regression). Moreover, the proposed approaches of learning differentially private embedding models are both framework- and data- independent, which facilitates the deployment and sharing. The source code is available at https://github.com/sonvx/dpText.
Exploring the Driving Forces of Urban Expansion in Beijing, 1999-2013
Creators: Dong, Yue
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
Cities and towns--Growth
Land use, Urban
Spatial systems

description: This research focuses on analyzing the spatial patterns and driving forces of built-up expansion in Beijing during 1999-2013. During this period, land leasing by the local government and the decentralization strategy in urban planning facilitates land development on the urban fringe. In order to investigate the spatial patterns of the expansion of urban built-up area and to unfold the relationship between non-urban to urban conversion and the selected explanatory factors, remote sensing data, GIS and statistic tools are utilized. First, sector and concentric circle analysis reveals that within the study time frame, Beijing extends greatly to the northeast and southeast, which is driven by the economic growth opportunities in these areas, especially the designation of CBD and Development Zones. Second, this research uses the classic logistic regression and the Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression (GWLR) model as statistic tools to further explain the relations between urban expansion and factors from three categories, natural environment, proximity to centers and transportation, and socioeconomic status. According to the results, the distance to CBD, distance to sub-centers, and distance to main roads are proved to be influential factors during the study time frame. The regression results also unveil that the population growth is in line with the urban expansion, indicating the interactions between population dynamics and the change of urban form. In addition, spatially varying relationships are examined through mapping the local parameter estimates of the GWLR model. Each factor has various significance and parameter estimates over space and different urban development modes are found in different areas of the city.
Online Paging with Heterogeneous Cache Slots
Creators: name: Chrobak, Marek
name: Haney, Samuel
name: Liaee, Mehraneh
name: Panigrahi, Debmalya
name: Rajaraman, Rajmohan
name: Sundaram, Ravi
name: Young, Neal E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.0; F.1.2; C.0

description: It is natural to generalize the online $k$-Server problem by allowing each request to specify not only a point $p$, but also a subset $S$ of servers that may serve it. For uniform metrics, the problem is equivalent to a generalization of Paging in which each request specifies not only a page $p$, but also a subset $S$ of cache slots, and is satisfied by having a copy of $p$ in some slot in $S$. We call this problem Slot-Heterogenous Paging.
 We parameterize the problem by specifying a family $\mathcal S \subseteq 2^{[k]}$ of requestable slot sets, and we establish bounds on the competitive ratio as a function of the cache size $k$ and family $\mathcal S$:
 - If all request sets are allowed ($\mathcal S=2^{[k]}\setminus\{\emptyset\}$), the optimal deterministic and randomized competitive ratios are exponentially worse than for standard \Paging ($\mathcal S=\{[k]\}$).
 - As a function of $|\mathcal S|$ and $k$, the optimal deterministic ratio is polynomial: at most $O(k^2|\mathcal S|)$ and at least $Ω(\sqrt{|\mathcal S|})$.
 - For any laminar family $\mathcal S$ of height $h$, the optimal ratios are $O(hk)$ (deterministic) and $O(h^2\log k)$ (randomized).
 - The special case of laminar $\mathcal S$ that we call All-or-One Paging extends standard Paging by allowing each request to specify a specific slot to put the requested page in. The optimal deterministic ratio for weighted All-or-One Paging is $Θ(k)$. Offline All-or-One Paging is NP-hard.
 Some results for the laminar case are shown via a reduction to the generalization of Paging in which each request specifies a set $\mathcal P of pages, and is satisfied by fetching any page from $\mathcal P into the cache. The optimal ratios for the latter problem (with laminar family of height $h$) are at most $hk$ (deterministic) and $h\,H_k$ (randomized).
description: conference and journal versions appear in STACS 2023 and Algorithmica (2004)
Cyanus segetum Hill 1769
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Calliphoridae
Cyanus
Cyanus segetum

description: 15. Cyanus segetum Hill (1769: 82).
 Centaurea cyanus Linneaus (1753: 911). Type:—EUROPE. s.d., Anon. s.n. (lectotype LINN-HL1030-16! designated by Wagenitz 1980: 418).
 Distribution: — Cyanus segetum is distributed as a weed in most of Europe, Siberia, C Asia, N America and elsewhere, and in natural habitats in Italy, Greece, Turkey and Azerbajian (Wagenitz 2019). In Turkey, it is mainly distributed from southwestern to northwestern parts (Fig. 8).
 Selected specimens examined:— TURKEY. Muğla: d. Marmaris, Yarimadasi, 300 m, 17 April 1965, Davis 41279 (E!); Lesvos, Kapi, ca. 400 m, Rechinger 5744 (W!); Kara Dağ, 750 m, 18 May 1988, Ainsworth T20 /88 (E!); Baba Dağ, ca. 1200 m, 15 April 1964, Livermore s.n. (E!). Tekirdağ: between Çorlu and Symen, 50 m, 5 May 1962, Dudley D34507 (E!); Degirmenköy, 5 May 1967, Baytop & Atilá 10973 (E!); 14 km E of Tekirdag, 13 May 1968, A. Baytop & T. Baytop 12.684 (E!). Bursa: 2 km from Soğukpinar to Bursa, 950 m, 23 June 1973, Holtz & Hänel 362 (E!). Izmir: Yamanlar Da., Karagöl, 9 June 1966, Alava & Bocquet 5068 (E!); Kusadasi, Samsundag, near Tasdelen place, 8 May 1968, Kayacik & Yaltirik 3355 (E!). Balikesir: Kaz Da., 15 km from Beypinar to Zeytinli, 500 m, 20 May 1962, Dudley D34858 (E!); Balikesir-Edremit, 1300 m, 13 May 1964, Kayacik & Elicin 2098 (E!). Kirklareli: near Derkoy, 24 July 1968, Baytop 14.165 (E!). Istanbul: near Biukiliç, 11 June 1968, Baytop 13144 (E!). Isparta: Egridir, Egridir-Kasnak forest, 27 Nolu Bölme, Içersinden, 1510 m, 18 June 1971, Göksin 9476 (E!). Mirkasour: damp ground at roadside near stream overflow, Agnew et al. s.n. (E!). B2 Uşak: Yachamichlar-Keui (Yaşamişlar Köy) N of Uşak, 1200 m, Blanche 1286 (G-BOIS!).
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, A checklist of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Turkey, with notes on taxonomy and distribution, pp. 18-40 in Phytotaxa 531 (1) on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5843470
title: Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Cities: Seasonal Variability and Influential Factors
Creators: name: Dewan, Ashraf
name: Islam, K. M. Ashraful
name: Enan, Muhammad Esmat
name: Fariha, Tanzim Rahman
name: Rafiuddin, M.
name: Adnan, Mohammed Sarfaraz Gani
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cloud-to-ground lightning
subject: Seasonality
subject: Particulate matter
subject: Rainfall
subject: Land surface temperature
subject: Bangladesh cities
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Urban-induced land use changes have a significant impact on local weather patterns, leading to increased hydro-meteorological hazards in cities. Despite substantial threats posed to humans, understanding atmospheric hazards related to urbanisation, such as thunderstorms, lightning, and convective precipitation, remains unclear. This study aims to analyse seasonal variability of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning in the five large metropolitans in Bangladesh utilising six years (2015–2020) of Global Lightning Detection Network (popularly known as GLD360) data. It also investigates factors influencing CG strokes. The analysis revealed substantial seasonal fluctuations in CG strokes, with a noticeable increase in lightning activity during the pre-monsoon months from upwind to metropolitan areas across the five cities. Both season and location appear to impact the diurnal variability of CG strokes in these urban centres. Bivariate regression analysis indicated that precipitation and particulate matter (PM) significantly influence lightning generation, whilst population density, urban size, and mean surface temperature have negligible effects. A sensitivity test employing a random forest (RF) model underscored the pivotal role of PM in CG strokes in four of the five cities assessed, highlighting the enduring impact of extreme pollution on lightning activity. Despite low causalities from CG lightning, the risk of property damage remains high in urban environments. This study provides valuable insights for shaping public policies in Bangladesh, a globally recognised climate hotspot.
Cyanus tchihatcheffii Wagenitz & Greuter
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Calliphoridae
Cyanus
Cyanus tchihatcheffii

description: 16. Cyanus tchihatcheffii (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Wagenitz & Greuter in Greuter (2003: 57).
 Centaurea tchihatcheffii Fischer & Meyer (1854: 31). Melanoloma tchihatcheffii (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boissier (1875: 704). Type:— TURKEY. Asie Mineure, Tchihatcheff 311 (holotype P00703724!).
 Centaurea purpureiradiata Huber-Morath (1967: 317). Type:— TURKEY. B4 Ankara: Gölbaşi, Brachland, 18 May 1956, Karamanoğlu s.n. (holotype G00006083!).
 Distribution: — Cyanus tchihatcheffii is a rare endemic of Ankara Province, C Turkey (Fig. 8).
 Selected specimens examined:— TURKEY. B4 Ankara: Gölbaşi, 900 m, Brown 316 (E!).
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, A checklist of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Turkey, with notes on taxonomy and distribution, pp. 18-40 in Phytotaxa 531 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5843470
A radiative transfer module for relativistic magnetohydrodynamics in the PLUTO code
Creators: name: Fuksman, Julio David Melon
name: Mignone, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical implementation for the solution of the relativistic radiation hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics equations, designed as an independent module within the freely available code PLUTO. The radiation transfer equations are solved under the grey approximation and imposing the M1 closure, which allows the radiation transport to be handled in both the free-streaming and diffusion limits. Equations are integrated following an implicit-explicit scheme, where radiation-matter interaction terms are integrated implicitly, whereas transport and all of the remaining source terms are solved explicitly by means of the same Godunov-type solvers included in PLUTO. Among these, we introduce a new Harten-van Leer-contact (HLLC) solver for optically thin radiation transport. The code is suitable for multidimensional computations in Cartesian, spherical and cylindrical coordinates, using either a single processor or parallel architectures. Adaptive grid computations are also made possible, by means of the CHOMBO library. The algorithm performance is demonstrated through a series of numerical benchmarks by investigating various different configurations with a particular emphasis on the behavior of the solutions in the free-streaming and diffusion limits.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
title: Carex digitata
title: Finger-Segge (Carex digitata)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 8 Bilder der Finger-Segge.
title: Athyrium distentifolium
title: Gebirgs-Frauenfarn (Athyrium distentifolium)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Alpen-Frauenfarn
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder des Gebirgs-Frauenfarns.
Simple Type is Not a Boundary Phenomenon
Creators: name: Sadun, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D27 (Primary), 58D15, 58G99, 53C07, 35J60 (Secondary)

description: This is an expository article, explaining recent work by D. Groisser and myself [GS] on the extent to which the boundary region of moduli space contributes to the ``simple type'' condition of Donaldson theory. The presentation is intended to complement [GS], presenting the essential ideas rather than the analytical details. It is shown that the boundary region of moduli space contributes 6/64 of the homology required for simple type, regardless of the topology or geometry of the underlying 4-manifold. The simple type condition thus reduces to a statement about the interior of moduli space, namely that the interior of the (k+1)st ASD moduli space, intersected with two representatives of (4 times) the point class, be homologous to 58 copies of the (k)-th moduli space. This is peculiar, since the only known embeddings of the (k)-th moduli space into the (k+1)st involve Taubes patching, and the image of such an embedding lies entirely in the boundary region.
description: Plain TeX, 12 pages
title: Athyrium filix-femina
title: Wald-Frauenfarn (Athyrium filix-femina)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder des Wald-Frauenfarns.
Housing and populism
Creators: name: Adler, David
name: Ansell, Ben
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: The recent success of populist candidates in the UK and Continental Europe has sparked a major debate between those who view populism as a reaction of the economically ‘left behind’ and those who view it as a cultural ‘backlash’ by groups with declining social status, pointing to stark divisions between urban and rural areas, core and periphery. This paper bridges the economic and values-based approaches to populism by arguing that the geography of wealth inequality offers a convincing explanation for the pattern of populist vote share. Drawing on fine-grained house price data in the UK and France, it is shown that the pattern of house prices ‒ even within small districts ‒ plays a major part in shaping support for Brexit and Marine Le Pen. The findings illustrate how longstanding variation in local wealth shapes the geography of discontent and drives populist appeal. Populism, the article concludes, is primarily a politics of place, and place is a product, in part, of the housing market.
title: Estimation of minimal data sets sizes for machine learning predictions in digital mental health interventions
Creators: name: Zantvoort, Kirsten
name: Nacke, Barbara
name: Görlich, Dennis
name: Hornstein, Silvan
name: Jacobi, Corinna
name: Funk, Burkhardt
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Outcomes research
subject: Psychiatric disorders
subject: Therapeutics
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Artificial intelligence promises to revolutionize mental health care, but small dataset sizes and lack of robust methods raise concerns about result generalizability. To provide insights on minimal necessary data set sizes, we explore domain-specific learning curves for digital intervention dropout predictions based on 3654 users from a single study (ISRCTN13716228, 26/02/2016). Prediction performance is analyzed based on dataset size ( N  = 100–3654), feature groups (F = 2–129), and algorithm choice (from Naive Bayes to Neural Networks). The results substantiate the concern that small datasets ( N  ≤ 300) overestimate predictive power. For uninformative feature groups, in-sample prediction performance was negatively correlated with dataset size. Sophisticated models overfitted in small datasets but maximized holdout test results in larger datasets. While N  = 500 mitigated overfitting, performance did not converge until N  = 750–1500. Consequently, we propose minimum dataset sizes of N  = 500–1000. As such, this study offers an empirical reference for researchers designing or interpreting AI studies on Digital Mental Health Intervention data.
title: Carex nigra
title: Braun-Segge (Carex nigra)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Carex fusca
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 14 Bilder der Braun-Segge.
title: Carex pulicaris
title: Floh-Segge (Carex pulicaris)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild der Floh-Segge.
title: Carex pairae
title: Pairas-Segge (Carex pairae)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 4 Bilder der Pairas-Segge.
title: Identifying clusters of precipitation for the Brazilian Legal Amazon based on magnitude of trends and its correlation with sea surface temperature
Creators: name: Moreira, Rodrigo Martins
name: Dos Santos, Bruno César
name: Biggs, Trent
name: De Sales, Fernando
name: Sieber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Climate change
subject: Climate sciences
subject: Hydrology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik und Technologie

description: Prioritizing watershed management interventions relies on delineating homogeneous precipitation regions. In this study, we identify these regions in the Brazilian Legal Amazon based on the magnitude of Sen’s Slope trends using annual precipitation data from September to August, employing the Google Earth Engine platform. Utilizing the silhouette method, we determine four distinct clusters representing zones of homogeneous precipitation patterns. Cluster 0 exhibits a significant median increase in precipitation of 3.20 mm year −1 over the period from 1981 to 2020. Cluster 1 shows a notable increase of 8.13 mm year −1 , while Clusters 2 and 3 demonstrate reductions in precipitation of − 1.61 mm year −1 and − 3.87 mm year −1 , respectively, all statistically significant. Notably, the region known as the arc of deforestation falls within Cluster 2, indicating a concerning trend of reduced precipitation. Additionally, our analysis reveals significant correlations between Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in various oceanic regions and precipitation patterns over the Brazilian Legal Amazon. Particularly noteworthy is the strong positive correlation with SST in the South Atlantic, while negative correlations are observed with SST in the South Pacific and North Atlantic. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing climate adaptation strategies in the Brazilian Legal Amazon region.
Tunnelling of a composite particle in presence of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Faulend, Bernard
name: Dragašević, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model of composite particle tunnelling through a rectangular potential barrier in presence of magnetic field. The exact numerical solution of the problem is provided and the applicability to real physical situations is discussed. Some qualitative features of tunnelling with no magnetic interaction are retained, but some new ones are also observed. The resonance peaks in transmission spectrum generally do not reach $100\%$ transmission probability when the magnetic field is turned on. We observe splitting and in some cases widening of transmission probability peaks. When the width $b$ of area with magnetic field is large, we observe oscillations of spin-flip probability with energy and $b$ which are caused by Larmor precession of spin about the vector of magnetic field. For some values of relevant parameters we also observe significant increase of tunnelling probability for low energies in the single particle case.
Exploring the Development of Classroom Group Identities in an Urban High School Chemistry Class
Creators: Macaluso, Stefania
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Science--Study and teaching
Education, Secondary
Teachers--Training of

description: A key to achieving academic success in science is providing students with meaningful experiences and skills to negotiate how these experiences affect them and the society in which they live. Although students strive for academic success, a challenge that faces many urban science students and their teachers is finding ways to promote student engagement in the science classroom. In order to support students in urban settings and to better identify the ways in which students may better learn science concepts and develop a sense of belonging or affiliation to science, this qualitative research study explores the development of a classroom group identity (CGI) based on the frameworks of social identity theory, interaction ritual chain theory, and communities of practice.
                 The interactions and experiences of eighteen student participants in a Bronx high school chemistry class were studied over the course of a full school year. Using a conceptual lens of classroom group identity, a model construct and definition were built identifying four stages of CGI development. At the culmination of the study, a positive change in perceptions, attitudes, leadership skills, and classroom behaviors in learning science was primarily observed by two students developing a CGI.  The study has implications for the teaching and learning of high school sciences.
An Economical and Efficient Helium Recovery System for Vibration-Sensitive Applications
Creators: name: Yin, Zhiyuan
name: Bi, Liya
name: Shi, Yueqing
name: Li, Shaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design of a helium liquefaction system tailored to efficiently recover helium vapor from either an individual or a small cluster of vibration-sensitive cryogenic instruments. This design prioritizes a compact footprint, mitigating potential contamination sources such as gas bags and oil-lubricated compressors while maximizing the recovery rate by capturing both the boil-offs during normal operation and refilling process of the bath cryostat. We demonstrated its performance by applying it to a commercial low-temperature scanning probe microscope. It features a > 94% recovery rate and induces negligible vibrational noise to the microscope. Due to its adaptability, affordability, compact size, and suitability for homemade setups, we foresee that our design can be utilized across a wide range of experimental measurements where liquid helium is used as the cryogen.
Weyl's theorem, a-Weyl's theorem, and local spectral theory
Creators: name: Curto, Raul E.
name: Han, Young Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A10; 47A53; 47A11

description: We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a Banach space operator with the single valued extension property (SVEP) to satisfy Weyl's theorem and $a$-Weyl's theorem. We show that if $T$ or $T^{\ast}$ has SVEP and $T$ is transaloid, then Weyl's theorem holds for $f(T)$ for every $f\in H(σ(T))$. When $T^{\ast}$ has SVEP, $T$ is transaloid and $T$ is $a$-isoloid, then $a$-Weyl's theorem holds for $f(T)$ for every $f\in H(σ(T))$. We also prove that if $T$ or $T^{\ast}$ has SVEP, then the spectral mapping theorem holds for the Weyl spectrum and for the essential approximate point spectrum.
description: 23 pages
title: Carex cuprina
title: Falsche Fuchs-Segge (Carex cuprina)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 10 Bilder der Falschen Fuchs-Segge.
Robustness of quantum correlation in quantum energy teleportation
Creators: name: Ikeda, Kazuki
name: Lowe, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the evolution of quantum correlation in the quantum energy teleportation (QET) protocol using quantum discord, instead of the traditionally used entanglement entropy. In the QET protocol, where local observations and conditional operations are repeated, quantum correlations become nontrivial because of the statistical creation of mixed states. In this paper, we use quantum discord as a measure of quantum correlation in mixed states and investigate its relationship to teleported energy and phase transitions. During the process of Alice and Bob performing QET, one would expect that the entanglement between Alice and Bob is completely broken by Alice's measurement of the quantum state, and thus the quantum correlation disappears. However, contrary to this expectation, it is shown using quantum discord that the quantum correlation does not disappear during the entire process of QET. To demonstrate the robustness of the quantum correlation in QET at various phase structures, we perform the numerical analysis using several benchmark models including the Nambu-Jona-Lasino (NJL) model with both the chiral chemical potential and the chemical potential, which are useful to study the phase structures mimicking the chiral imbalance between left- and right- quarks coupled to the chirality density operator. In all cases we studied, the quantum discord behaved as an order parameter of the phase transition.
CWISEP J193518.59$-$154620.3: An Extremely Cold Brown Dwarf in the Solar Neighborhood Discovered with CatWISE
Creators: name: Marocco, Federico
name: Caselden, Dan
name: Meisner, Aaron M.
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Wright, Edward L.
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Gelino, Christopher R.
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.
name: Fowler, John W.
name: Cushing, Michael C.
name: Cutri, Roc M.
name: Garcia, Nelson
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Koontz, Renata
name: Mainzer, Amanda
name: Marchese, Elijah J.
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Schlegel, David J.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of an extremely cold, nearby brown dwarf in the solar neighborhood, found in the CatWISE catalog (Eisenhardt et al., in prep.). Photometric follow-up with Spitzer reveals that the object, CWISEP J193518.59-154620.3, has ch1$-$ch2 = 3.24$\,\pm\,$0.31 mag, making it one of the reddest brown dwarfs known. Using the Spitzer photometry and the polynomial relations from Kirkpatrick et al. (2019) we estimate an effective temperature in the $\sim$270--360 K range, and a distance estimate in the 5.6$-$10.9 pc range. We combined the WISE, NEOWISE, and Spitzer data to measure a proper motion of $μ_α\cos δ= 337\pm69$ mas yr$^{-1}$, $μ_δ= -50\pm97$ mas yr$^{-1}$, which implies a relatively low tangential velocity in the range 7$-$22 km s$^{-1}$.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication on ApJ
Additional file 2 of Comparing the effects of dexmedetomidine versus propofol on the treatment of emergence agitation in adult patients after general anesthesia: study protocol for a randomized, superiority, controlled trial (DP-TEA Trial)
Creators: name: Feng, Zhaoyan
name: Shi, Xiao
name: Yan, Xue
name: Zhu, Yamin
name: Gu, Juan
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Yu, Weifeng
name: Zhang, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2:. Qo-R 40 scale.