title: Coordinating and Controlling Autonomous Driving Business Ecosystems
Creators: name: Wang, Zinan
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: total quality management
subject: autonomous driving
subject: automotive industry
subject: IATF 16949
subject: VDA
subject: analytic hierarchy process
subject: business ecosystem
subject: Internet of things
subject: 330

description: It is widely recognised that autonomous driving (AD) ecosystems represent a fundamental dis-ruption in the automotive industry and will be a key driver of future innovation. The benefits achieved through innovation, such as increasing the efficiency and safety of the transport sys-tem, avoiding traffic accidents, assisting (e.g., in case of driver fatigue or driver impairment) the driver, and optimising traffic flow, demonstrate the disruptive nature of this new technology. In addition, AD ecosystems will also be a very important business model in the future and many innovative companies will be benefited from the transformation. In order to achieve a high level of acceptance, overcome insurance problems and meet high ethical requirements, the require-ments on the reliability of autonomous driving systems are dramatically higher than in the driv-er-based automotive industry. Furthermore, the predicted sustainability of the AD ecosystem integrates not only technological aspects, but will also influence and be affected by non-technological factors such as the environment, climate change as well as the use of space (AD will create efficiencies that require fewer cars on the road or parked on city streets). Conse-quently, AD ecosystems have proven to be the focus of research activities in the automotive industry and public institutions, as well as in business and academic circles. Building on three research articles, this thesis contributes to business research by (1) exploring a model to identify the structure and evaluate the critical success factors (CSFs) of total quality management (TQM) in AD business models. (2) highlighting a framework to determine the needed capabilities for the orchestrator of an AD ecosystem and discuss who should be the or-chestrator (s). The first part includes two published research articles that define an ecosystem of autonomous driving, provide the new potential CSFs of AD-TQM according to the Verband der Automobilindutrie (VDA) and International Automotive Task Force (IATF) 16949 standards, as well as the more than 100 theoretical papers about TQM in journals, conduct a quantitative em-pirical study to prioritise the new potential CSFs of AD-TQM between Germany and China as two of the most strategic marketing of autonomous driving in the world. The second part con-sists of a published research article that determines the needed capabilities for the orchestrator and discusses who could be the orchestrator of an AD ecosystem. This thesis shows that different layers must be integrated to implement a successful AD ecosys-tem. Therefore, new CSFs of TQM, especially based on the interactions between different layers must be considered. In addition, the understandings and the plannings for a reliable AD-TQM as well as the AD ecosystem could be different because of the culture difference, for example be-tween Germany and China. To lead and implement the AD ecosystem, different layers, especial-ly the Internet of Things Platform Providers (IoTPPs), the traditional original equipment manu-facturers (OEMs) and the government would have different dominations based on the different needed capabilities as well as different cultures. The thesis highlights the need for further re-search on collecting many more interviews and data to identify how the new CSFs of AD-TQM could be realized and who exactly should take the orchestrator responsibilities in AD ecosystems (both) under considering of different country specifications.