cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Simple Condition for Sustained Super-Eddington Black Hole Growth
Creators: name: Johnson, Jarrett Lawrence
name: Sanderbeck, Phoebe R. Upton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most pressing questions in cosmology is how the black holes (BHs) powering quasars at high redshift grow to supermassive scales within a billion years of the Big Bang. Here we show that sustained super-Eddington accretion can be achieved for BHs with Eddington fractions $f_{\rm Edd}$ > 2/$ε$, where $ε$ is the efficiency with which radiation is generated in the accretion process. In this regime, the radiation carries too little momentum to halt the accretion flow and the infalling gas traps the radiation. The BH growth then proceeds unimpeded until the gas supply is exhausted, in contrast to accretion at lower rates which is limited by the radiation generated in the accretion process. The large gas supply available in massive high-redshift quasar host galaxies may be readily accreted onto seed BHs via this supply-limited mode of accretion, providing an explanation for how such supermassive BHs are assembled in the early universe. This sustained super-Eddington growth may also explain the short lifetimes inferred for the H II regions surrounding high-redshift quasars, if the bulk of the BH growth occurs without the associated radiation escaping to ionize the intergalactic medium. It furthermore implies that a population of obscured rapidly growing BHs may be difficult to detect, perhaps explaining why so few quasars with Eddington fractions higher than a few have been observed. Finally, this simple condition for sustained super-Eddington growth can easily be implemented in cosmological simulations which can be used to assess in which environments it occurs.
description: 5 pages; 2 figures; 10 equations; accepted for publication in ApJ
Dominated Operators from a Lattice-Normed Space to a Sequence Banach Lattice
Creators: name: Abasov, N.
name: Megahed, A.
name: Pliev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H30, 46B42

description: We show that every dominated linear operator from an Banach-Kantorovich space over atomless Dedekind complete vector lattice to a sequence Banach lattice $l_p(Γ)$ or $c_0(Γ)$ is narrow. As a conse- quence, we obtain that an atomless Banach lattice cannot have a finite dimensional decomposition of a certain kind. Finally we show that if a linear dominated operator T from lattice-normed space V to Banach- Kantorovich space W is order narrow then the same is its exact dominant $\ls T\rs$.
Quercus congesta C. Presl, Delic.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fagales
Fagaceae
Quercus
Quercus congesta

description: Quercus congesta C.Presl, Delic. Prag.: 32. 1822. [July 1822]
 Ind. Loc.:—“in sylvis regionis demissae Aetnae”. SIC
 Type (lectotype designated by Camarda 1987: 412):— ITALY. Quercus congesta P., In Sylvis regionis demissa, in Aetna, July 1817, Presl s.n . (PRC).
 Compiled by:— G. Domina
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Hydro-mechanical earthquake cycles in a poro-visco-elasto-plastic fluid-bearing fault structure
Creators: name: Zilio, Luca Dal
name: Hegyi, Betti
name: Behr, Whitney
name: Gerya, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major goal in earthquake physics is to derive a constitutive framework for fault slip that captures the dependence of shear strength on fault rheology, sliding velocity, and pore-fluid pressure. In this study, we present H-MEC (Hydro-Mechanical Earthquake Cycles), a newly-developed two-phase flow numerical code - which couples solid rock deformation and pervasive fluid flow - to simulate how crustal stress and fluid pressure evolve during the earthquake cycle on a fluid-bearing fault structure. This unified, continuum-based model, incorporates a staggered finite difference-marker-in-cell (SFD-MIC) method and accounts for full inertial (wave mediated) effects and fluid flow in poro-visco-elasto-plastic compressible medium. Global Picard-iterations and an adaptive time stepping allows the correct resolution of both long- and short-time scales, ranging from years during slow tectonic loading to milliseconds during the propagation of dynamic ruptures. We present a comprehensive in-plane strike-slip setup in which we test analytical poroelastic benchmarks of pore-fluid pressure diffusion from an injection point along a finite fault width. We then investigate how pore-fluid pressure evolution and solid-fluid compressibility control sequences of seismic and aseismic slip on geologic faults. While the onset of fluid-driven shear cracks is controlled by localized collapse of pores and dynamic self-pressurization of fluids inside the undrained fault zone, subsequent dynamic ruptures are driven by solitary pulse-like fluid pressure waves propagating at seismic speed. Furthermore, shear strength weakening associated with rapid self-pressurization of pore-fluid can account for the slip-fracture energy scaling observed for large earthquakes.
Realistic observing scenarios for the next decade of early warning detection of binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Magee, Ryan
name: Borhanian, Ssohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe realistic observing scenarios for early warning detection of binary neutron star mergers with the current generation of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors as these approach design sensitivity. Using Fisher analysis, we estimate that Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo will detect one signal before merger in their fourth observing run provided they maintain a 70\% duty cycle. 60\% of all observations and 8\% of those detectable 20 seconds before merger will be localized to $\lesssim 100 \thinspace \mathrm{deg}^2$. If KAGRA is able to achieve a 25 Mpc horizon, these prospects increase to $\lesssim 2$ early detections with 70\% of all BNS localized to $\lesssim 100 \thinspace \mathrm{deg}^2$ by merger. As the AHKLV network approaches design sensitivity over the next $\sim10$ years, we expect up to 1 (14) detections made 100 (10) seconds before merger. Although adding detectors to the HLV network impacts the detection rate at $\lesssim 50\%$ level, it improves localization prospects and increases the completeness of compact binary surveys. Given uncertainties in sensitivities, participating detectors, and duty cycles, we consider 103 future detector configurations so electromagnetic observers can tailor preparations towards their preferred models.
Rayleigh-Taylor Unstable Flames -- Fast or Faster?
Creators: name: Hicks, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) unstable flames play a key role in the explosions of Type Ia supernovae. However, the dynamics of these flames is still not well-understood. RT unstable flames are affected by both the RT instability of the flame front and by RT-generated turbulence. The coexistence of these factors complicates the choice of flame speed subgrid models for full-star Type Ia simulations. Both processes can stretch and wrinkle the flame surface, increasing its area and, therefore, the burning rate. In past research, subgrid models have been based on either the RT instability or turbulence setting the flame speed. We evaluate both models, checking their assumptions and their ability to correctly predict the turbulent flame speed. Specifically, we analyze a large parameter study of 3D direct numerical simulations of RT unstable model flames. This study varies both the simulation domain width and the gravity in order to probe a wide range of flame behaviors. We show that RT unstable flames are different from traditional turbulent flames: they are thinner, rather than thicker when turbulence is stronger. We also show that none of several different types of turbulent flame speed models accurately predicts measured flame speeds. In addition, we find that the RT flame speed model only correctly predicts the measured flame speed in a certain parameter regime. Finally, we propose that the formation of cusps may be the factor causing the flame to propagate more quickly than predicted by the RT model.
description: 28 pages, 21 figures
The Role of Racial Identity and Implicit Racial Bias in Self-Reported Racial Discrimination: Implications for Depression Among African American Men
Creators: name: Turpin, Rodman
name: Seaton, Eleanor K.
name: Chae, David H.
name: Smith-Bynum, Mia A.
name: Powell, Wizdom A.
name: Nuru-Jeter, Amani M.
name: Sellers, Robert
name: Forman, Tyrone A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Racial discrimination is conceptualized as a psychosocial stressor that has negative implications for mental health. However, factors related to racial identity may influence whether negative experiences are interpreted as instances of racial discrimination and subsequently reported as such in survey instruments, particularly given the ambiguous nature of contemporary racism. Along these lines, dimensions of racial identity may moderate associations between racial discrimination and mental health outcomes. This study examined relationships between racial discrimination, racial identity, implicit racial bias, and depressive symptoms among African American men between 30 and 50 years of age (n = 95). Higher racial centrality was associated with greater reports of racial discrimination, while greater implicit anti-Black bias was associated with lower reports of racial discrimination. In models predicting elevated depressive symptoms, holding greater implicit anti-Black bias in tandem with reporting lower racial discrimination was associated with the highest risk. Results suggest that unconscious as well as conscious processes related to racial identity are important to consider in measuring racial discrimination, and should be integrated in studies of racial discrimination and mental health.
Proving Hypersafety Compositionally
Creators: name: D'Osualdo, Emanuele
name: Farzan, Azadeh
name: Dreyer, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; F.3.1

description: Hypersafety properties of arity $n$ are program properties that relate $n$ traces of a program (or, more generally, traces of $n$ programs). Classic examples include determinism, idempotence, and associativity. A number of relational program logics have been introduced to target this class of properties. Their aim is to construct simpler proofs by capitalizing on structural similarities between the $n$ related programs. We propose an unexplored, complementary proof principle that establishes hyper-triples (i.e. hypersafety judgments) as a unifying compositional building block for proofs, and we use it to develop a Logic for Hyper-triple Composition (LHC), which supports forms of proof compositionality that were not achievable in previous logics. We prove LHC sound and apply it to a number of challenging examples.
description: 44 pages. Extended version of the OOPSLA'22 paper with the same title. Includes full proofs and case studies in appendix. v2 fixes typos in a derivation
Certain Results For a Class of Nonlinear Functional Spaces
Creators: name: Soltanov, Kamal N.
name: Sert, Ugur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2; I.2.7
subject: [2010]{Primary 46A99, 46E30, 46E35, 46T99, Secondary 26D20, 26D99, 35D30, 35J62, 35K61.}

description: In this article, we study the properties of a class of functional spaces which arise from the investigation of nonlinear differential equations. We establish some integral inequalities then by applying these inequalities, we prove some lemmas and theorems, which indicate the relation of these spaces (pn-spaces) with the Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces in the case when pn-spaces with constant and variable exponents.
Quantum metrology with a non-linear kicked Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Creators: name: Müller, Sabrina
name: Braun, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sensitivity of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that contains in addition to the phase shifter a non-linear element. By including both elements in a cavity or a loop that the light transverses many times, a non-linear kicked version of the interferometer arises. We study its sensitivity as function of the phase shift, the kicking strength, the maximally reached average number of photons, and damping due to photon loss for an initial coherent state. We find that for vanishing damping Heisenberg-limited scaling of the sensitivity arises if squeezing dominates the total photon number. For small to moderate damping rates the non-linear kicks can considerably increase the sensitivity as measured by the quantum Fisher information per unit time.
Tannakian properties of unit Frobenius-modules
Creators: name: Mornev, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that unit $\mathcal{O}_{F,X}^Λ$-modules of Emerton and Kisin provide an analogue of locally constant sheaves in the context of Böckle-Pink $Λ$-crystals. For example they form a tannakian category if the coefficient algebra $Λ$ is a field. Our results hold for a big class of coefficien algebras which includes Drinfeld rings, and for arbitary locally noetherian base schemes.
description: 10 pages; lemma 2.3 replaced with a reference to Bourbaki; some misprints corrected
Going to Murri Court
Creators: name: Ozies, Jaala
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 450106
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ethics
classificationCode: 450104
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture
classificationCode: 450107
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander history
classificationCode: 500105
subject: Legal ethics
classificationCode: 480599
subject: Legal systems not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 480504
subject: Legal institutions (incl. courts and justice systems)
classificationCode: 440203
subject: Courts and sentencing
classificationCode: 430302
subject: Australian history
classificationCode: 440204
subject: Crime and social justice
classificationCode: 480501
subject: Access to justice
classificationCode: 480507
subject: Youth justice
classificationCode: 450423
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth and family social and emotional wellbeing

description: This Assessment 2 - Going to Murri Court was written in April 2024 during my Master of Social Work Studies at the University of Queensland.This assessment provides an overview of the Murri Court process, offering insights on what participants can expect and reflecting on the cultural significance and impact of this judicial approach.
title: Mash them up!
Creators: name: Schagerl, Nicole
Year: 2023

description: Neuerzählungen sind eine beliebte Strategie, um alte Texte in einem neuen Licht erscheinen zu lassen. Marissa Meyers Science-Fiction-Serie The Lunar Chronicles (2012-2015) ist eine beliebte Jugendbuchserie, welche die bekannten Märchen Aschenputtel, Rotkäppchen, Rapunzel und Schneewittchen neu erzählt und in neue Kontexte setzt. Im Prozess der Neuerzählung werden die Figuren, die erzählte Welt verändert und das Genre gewechselt. Der sogenannte Mash-up entsteht. Das Ziel der Masterarbeit ist es, drei verschiedene Aspekte der Mash-up-Darstellung zu diskutieren: die transformierten Figuren, die erzählte Welt und die Motive des Science-Fiction-Mash-ups wie The Lunar Chronicles zu untersuchen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, werden folgende Forschungsfragen bearbeitet: Wie unterscheiden sich die Figuren im Mash-up-Roman von ihren Märchen-Vorlagen und werden ihre Rollen verändert oder bleiben sie unberührt? Und wenn ja, wie werden sie verändert? Wie erfolgt das World-building beziehungsweise welchen Stellenwert hat diese im Mash-up-Roman? Spielt das (veränderte) Setting überhaupt eine Rolle im Mash-up oder ist es lediglich die Kulisse für die Handlung? Welche Motive werden in einem Science-Fiction-Mash-up wie The Lunar Chronicles thematisiert? Die Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen erfolgt anhand der Figurenkategorien von Jannidis, Propps Theorie zu märchenhaften Handlungskreisen und Wolfs Theorie zum fiktionalen World-building. Durch den Vergleich mit Fullmetal Alchemist werden transtextuelle Motive aufgezeigt, welche in beiden Serien in unterschiedlicher Form vorkommen. Zudem konnten die posthumanistischen beziehungsweise transhumanistischen Themen, welche beiden Werken zugrunde liegt, eruiert werden. Indem bestimmte Aspekte und Denkmuster der Themen durch die Möglichkeit der Veränderung im Mash-up in die Erzählung integriert werden, können moralisch-ethische Fragestellungen als zentrales Motiv im Text behandelt werden.
IRS-1 Functions as a Molecular Scaffold to Coordinate IGF-I/IGFBP-2 Signaling During Osteoblast Differentiation: IRS-1 SCAFFOLD FOR IGF-I/IGFBP-2 SIGNALING IN OB DIFFERENTIATION
Creators: name: Shen, Xinchun
name: Xi, Gang
name: Rosen, Clifford J.
name: Clemmons, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) function coordinately to stimulate AKT and osteoblast differentiation. IGFBP-2 binding to receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β (RPTPβ) stimulates polymerization and inactivation of phosphatase activity. Because phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is the primary target of RPTPβ, this leads to enhanced PTEN tyrosine phosphorylation and inactivation. However RPTPβ inactivation also requires IGF-I receptor activation. The current studies were undertaken to determine the mechanism by which IGF-I mediates changes in RPTPβ function in osteoblasts. IGFBP-2/IGF-I stimulated vimentin binding to RPTPβ and this was required for RPTPβ polymerization. Vimentin serine phosphorylation mediated its binding to RPTPβ and PKCζ was identified as the kinase that phosphorylated vimentin. To determine the mechanism underlying IGF-I stimulation of PKCζ-mediated vimentin phosphorylation, we focused on insulin receptor substrate–1 (IRS-1). IGF-I stimulated IRS-1 phosphorylation and recruitment of PKCζ and vimentin to phospho-IRS-1. IRS-1 immunoprecipitates containing PKCζ and vimentin were used to confirm that activated PKCζ directly phosphorylated vimentin. PKCζ does not contain a SH-2 domain that is required to bind to phospho-IRS-1. To determine the mechanism of PKCζ recruitment we analyzed the role of p62 (a PKCζ binding protein) that contains a SH2 domain. Exposure to differentiation medium plus IGF-I stimulated PKCζ/p62 association. Subsequent analysis showed the p62/PKCζ complex was co-recruited to IRS-1. Peptides that disrupted p62/PKCζ or p62/IRS-1 inhibited IGF-I/IGFBP-2 stimulated PKCζ activation, vimentin phosphorylation, PTEN tyrosine phosphorylation, AKT activation, and osteoblast differentiation. The importance of these signaling events for differentiation was confirmed in primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts. These results demonstrate the cooperative interaction between RPTPβ and the IGF-I receptor leading to a coordinated series of signaling events that are required for osteoblast differentiation. Our findings emphasize the important role IRS-1 plays in modulating these signaling events and confirm its essential role in facilitating osteoblast differentiation.
Berry's phase and chiral anomalies
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
name: Umetsu, Koichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic materials of Berry's phase and chiral anomalies are presented to appreciate the phenomena related to those notions. As for Berry's phase, a general survey of the subject is presented using both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms. The canonical Hamiltonian formalism of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, when applied to the anomalous Hall effect, can incorporate the gauge symmetry of Berry's connection but unable to incorporate the electromagnetic vector potential simultaneously. Transformed to the Lagrangian formalism with a time-derivative term allowed, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation can incorporate the electromagnetic vector potential simultaneously with Berry's connection, but the consistent canonical property is lost and thus becomes classical. The Lagrangian formalism can thus incorporate both gauge symmetries simultaneously but spoils the basic quantum symmetries, and thus results in classical anomalous Poisson brackets and the classical Nernst effect as in the conventional formalism. As for chiral anomalies, we present basic materials by the path integral formulation with an emphasis on fermions on the lattice. A chiral fermion defined by $γ_{5}$ on the lattice does not contain the chiral anomaly for the non-vanishing lattice spacing $a\neq0$. The idea of a spectral flow on the lattice does not lead to an anomaly for each species doubler separately but rather to a pair production in a general sense. We also mention that a specific construction called the Ginsparg-Wilson fermion, which is free of species doublers, may practically be useful. We discuss the representative applications of Berry's phase and chiral anomalies in nuclear physics and related fields to illustrate the use of these two basic notions.
description: 126 pages. 10 figures. Corrected typos and a poorly organized page in Appendix B, together with a new reference
Використання антиплагіатних програм у роботі редакції наукових журналів Харківського національного медичного університету: важливі акценти для авторів
Creators: name: О.С., Шевченко
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: академічна доброчесність
плагіат
антиплагіатні програми
academic integrity
plagiarism
anti-plagiarism programs

description: Цитуйте українською у Vancouver style: [Шевченко ОС. Використання антиплагіатних програм у роботі редакції наукових журналів Харківського національного медичного університету: важливі акценти для авторів. Презентація. Вебінар "Антиплагіат-стратегія ХНМУ: поради авторам та експертам" (Україна, Харків, 17 Січ 2023). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7537975]. Презентація на youtube: https://youtu.be/Tj_js6rE-RQ Cite in English in Vancouver style: [Shevchenko AS. The use of anti-plagiarism programs in the editorial work of scientific journals of the Kharkiv National Medical University: important points for authors. Presentation. Webinar "Anti-plagiarism strategy of KhNMU: advice to authors and experts" (Ukraine, Kharkiv, 17 Jan 2023). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7537975 [in Ukrainian]]. Presentation on youtube: https://youtu.be/Tj_js6rE-RQ [in Ukrainian].
Exercise Decreases Marrow Adipose Tissue Through ß-Oxidation in Obese Running Mice: EXERCISE DECREASES MAT IN OBESE MICE
Creators: name: Zong, Xiaopeng
name: Styner, Maya
name: Sen, Buer
name: Uzer, Gunes
name: Styner, Martin A.
name: Xie, Zhihui
name: McGrath, Cody
name: Wu, Xin
name: Pagnotti, Gabriel M.
name: Rubin, Clinton T.
name: Rubin, Janet
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The relationship between marrow adipose tissue (MAT) and bone health is poorly understood. We used running exercise to ask whether obesity-associated MAT can be attenuated via exercise and whether this correlates with gains in bone quantity and quality. C57BL/6 mice were divided into diet-induced obesity (DIO, n = 14) versus low-fat diet (LFD, n = 14). After 3 months, 16-week-old mice were allocated to an exercise intervention (LFD-E, DIO-E) or a control group (LFD, DIO) for 6 weeks (4 groups, n = 7/group). Marrow adipocyte area was 44% higher with obesity (p<0.0001) and after exercise 33% lower in LFD (p<0.0001) and 39% lower in DIO (p<0.0001). In LFD, exercise did not affect adipocyte number; however, in DIO, the adipocyte number was 56% lower (p<0.0001). MAT was 44% higher in DIO measured by osmium-µCT, whereas exercise associated with reduced MAT (–23% in LFD, –48% in DIO, p<0.05). MAT was additionally quantified by 9.4TMRI, and correlated with osmium-µCT (r = 0.645; p<0.01). Consistent with higher lipid beta oxidation, perilipin 3 (PLIN3) rose with exercise in tibial mRNA (+92% in LFD,+60% in DIO, p<0.05). Tibial µCT-derived trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) was not influenced by DIO but responded to exercise with an increase of 19% (p<0.001). DIO was associated with higher cortical periosteal and endosteal volumes of 15% (p = 0.012) and 35% (p<0.01), respectively, but Ct. Ar/Tt.Ar was lower by 2.4% (p<0.05). There was a trend for higher stiffness (N/m) in DIO, and exercise augmented this further. In conclusion, obesity associated with increases in marrow lipid—measured by osmium-µCT and MRI—and partially due to an increase in adipocyte size, suggesting increased lipid uptake into preexisting adipocytes. Exercise associated with smaller adipocytes and less bone lipid, likely invoking increased ß-oxidation and basal lipolysis as evidenced by higher levels of PLIN3.
Photovoltaic grid-forming control strategy investigation using hardware-in-the-loop experiments
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Somesh
name: Charalambous, Chrysanthos
name: Banjac, Anja
name: Miletic, Zoran
name: Strasser, Thomas
name: Azzopardi, Brian
name: Papadimitriou, Christina
name: Efthymiou, Venizelos
name: Polycarpou, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The frequency stability of a power system is of paramount importance, as a fast frequency swings in the system can lead to oscillatory instability, and thereby blackouts. A grid-connected microgrid, that can operate in the islanded mode can also possess such deteriorating effect due to the higher share of converter-based sources. In this paper, a coordinated frequency control within a distribution network is discussed, with a higher share of Photovoltaics (PV). The main objective of this paper is to test the grid-forming capabilities of PVs, without the requirement of an energy storage in the network. The tests were carried out with the help of the Typhoon Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform using a real Cypriot network feeder. The real-time results confirm the efficacy of the PV as a grid-forming inverter, provided it has sufficient input (irradiance) to provide for the loads within the system of interest. The grid-forming PV also possesses the capability of reconnection with the utility grid through a synchronizer switch that requires minimal communication, makes the overall control independent of any other power source, subject to certain irradiance and loading conditions.
description: 13th Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MEDPOWER 2022)
Geometric Upper Critical Dimensions of the Ising Model
Creators: name: Fang, Sheng
name: Zhou, Zongzheng
name: Deng, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upper critical dimension of the Ising model is known to be $d_c=4$, above which critical behavior is regarded as trivial. We hereby argue from extensive simulations that, in the random-cluster representation, the Ising model simultaneously exhibits two upper critical dimensions at $(d_c= 4, d_p=6)$, and critical clusters for $d \geq d_p$, except the largest one, are governed by exponents from percolation universality. We predict a rich variety of geometric properties and then provide strong evidence in dimensions from 4 to 7 and on complete graphs. Our findings significantly advance the understanding of the Ising model, which is a fundamental system in many branches of physics.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
MPEC 2023-Q119 : 2023 QR4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QR4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Slice energy spread measurement in the low energy photoinjector
Creators: name: Qian, Houjun
name: Krasilnikov, Mikhail
name: Lueangaramwong, Anusorn
name: Li, Xiangkun
name: Lishilin, Osip
name: Aboulbanine, Zakaria
name: Adhikari, Gowri
name: Aftab, Namra
name: Boonpornprasert, Prach
name: Georgiev, Georgi
name: Good, James
name: Gross, Matthias
name: Koschitzki, Christian
name: Niemczyk, Raffael
name: Oppelt, Anne
name: Shu, Guan
name: Stephan, Frank
name: Vashchenko, Grygorii
name: Weilbach, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slice energy spread is one of the key parameters in free electron laser optimizations, but its accurate measurement is not straightforward. Two recent studies from high energy ($>$100 MeV) photoinjectors at SwissFEL and European XFEL have reported much higher slice energy spread than expected at their XFEL working points (200 - 250 pC). In this paper, a new method for measuring slice energy spread at a lower beam energy ($\sim$20 MeV) is proposed and demonstrated at the PhotoInjector Test facility at DESY Zeuthen (PITZ), and the results for 250 pC and 500 pC are much lower than those measured at high energy injectors.
Theory of Silicon Spin Qubit Relaxation in a Synthetic Spin-Orbit Field
Creators: name: Hosseinkhani, Amin
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the theory of single-electron silicon spin qubit relaxation in the presence of a magnetic field gradient. Such field gradients are routinely generated by on-chip micromagnets to allow for electrically controlled quantum gates on spin qubits. We build on a valley-dependent envelope function theory that enables the analysis of the electron wave function in a silicon quantum dot with an arbitrary roughness at the interface. We assume the presence of single-layer atomic steps at a Si/SiGe interface and study how the presence of a gradient field modifies the spin-mixing mechanisms. We show that our theoretical modeling can quantitatively reproduce results of experimental measurements of qubit relaxation in silicon in the presence of a micromagnet. We further study in detail how a field gradient can modify the EDSR Rabi frequency of a silicon spin qubit. While this strongly depends on the details of the interface roughness, interestingly, we find that adding a micromagnet on top of a spin qubit with an ideal interface can even reduce the EDSR frequency within some interval of the external magnetic field strength.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
A quantum model of lasing without inversion
Creators: name: Werren, Nicholas
name: Gauger, Erik
name: Kirton, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a quantum description of multiple Lambda-type 3-level atoms driven with a coherent microwave field and incoherent optical pumping, we derive a microscopic model of lasing from which we move towards a consistent macroscopic picture. Our analysis applies across the range of system sizes from nanolasers to the thermodynamic limit of conventional lasing. We explore the necessary conditions to achieve lasing without inversion by calculating the non-equilibrium steady state solutions of the model at, and between, its microscopic and macroscopic limits. For the macroscopic picture, we use mean-field theory to present a thorough analysis of the lasing phase transition. In the microscopic case, we exploit the underlying permutation symmetry of the density matrix to calculate exact solutions for N 3-level systems. This allows us to show that the steady state solutions approach the thermodynamic limit as N increases, restoring the sharp non-equilibrium phase transition in this limit. We demonstrate how the lasing phase transition and degree of population inversion can be adjusted by simply varying the phase of the coherent driving field. The high level of quantum control presented by this microscopic model and the framework outlined here have applications to further understanding and developing nanophotonic technology.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures, published in New Journal of Physics (2022)
Unconditional entanglement interface for quantum networks
Creators: name: Baune, Christoph
name: Gniesmer, Jan
name: Kocsis, Sacha
name: Vollmer, Christina E.
name: Zell, Petrissa
name: Fiurášek, Jaromír
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement drives nearly all proposed quantum information technologies. By up-converting part of a 1550 nm two-mode squeezed vacuum state to 532 nm, we demonstrate the generation of strong continuous-variable entanglement between widely separated frequencies. Nonclassical correlations were observed in joint quadrature measurements of the 1550 and 532 nm fields, showing a maximum noise suppression 5.5 dB below vacuum. Our versatile technique combines strong nonclassical correlations, large bandwidth, and in principle, the ability to entangle the telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm with any optical wavelength.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Evidence of Two-Spinon Bound States in the Magnetic Spectrum of Ba$_3$CoSb$_2$O$_9$
Creators: name: Ghioldi, E. A.
name: Zhang, Shang-Shun
name: Kamiya, Yoshitomo
name: Manuel, L. O.
name: Trumper, A. E.
name: Batista, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments of the triangular antiferromagnet Ba$_3$CoSb$_2$O$_9$ revealed strong deviations from semiclassical theories. We demonstrate that key features of the INS data are well reproduced by a parton Schwinger boson theory beyond the saddle-point approximation. The measured magnon dispersion is well reproduced by the dispersion of two-spinon bound states (poles of the emergent gauge fields propagator), while the low-energy continuum scattering is reproduced by a quasifree two-spinon continuum, suggesting that a free-spinon gas is a good initial framework to study magnetically ordered states near a quantum melting point.
The role of magnetic waves in tangent cylinder convection
Creators: name: Majumder, Debarshi
name: Sreenivasan, Binod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secular variation of the geomagnetic field suggests that there are anticyclonic polar vortices in the Earth's core. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the polar azimuthal flow is thought to be produced by one or more coherent upwellings within the tangent cylinder, offset from the rotation axis. In this study, convection within the tangent cylinder in rapidly rotating dynamos is investigated through the analysis of forced magnetic waves. The first part of the study investigates the evolution of an isolated buoyancy disturbance in an unstably stratified rotating fluid subjected to an axial magnetic field. It is shown that the axial flow intensity of the slow Magnetic-Archimedean-Coriolis (MAC) waves becomes comparable to that of the fast MAC waves when $|ω_M/ω_C| \sim 0.1$, where $ω_M$ and $ω_C$ are the Alfvén wave and inertial wave frequencies respectively. In spherical shell dynamo simulations, the isolated upwellings within the tangent cylinder are shown to originate from the localized excitation of slow MAC waves in the dipole-dominated regime. Axial flow measurements in turn reveal the approximate parity between the slow and fast wave intensities in this regime, which corresponds to the existence of strong polar vortices in the Earth's core. To obtain the observed peak azimuthal motions of $0.6$--$0.9^\circ$yr$^{-1}$, the Rayleigh number in the low-inertia geodynamo must be $\sim 10^3$ times the Rayleigh number for the onset of nonmagnetic convection. However, if the forcing is so strong as to cause polarity reversals, the field within the tangent cylinder decays away, and the convection takes the form of an ensemble of plumes supported entirely by the fast waves of frequency $ω\sim ω_C$. The resulting weak polar circulation is comparable to that obtained in nonmagnetic convection.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.17640
Standardization of the collection of exhaled breath condensate and exhaled breath aerosol using a feedback regulated sampling device
Creators: name: Angrish, Michelle M.
name: Stiegel, Matthew A.
name: Pleil, Joachim D.
name: Winters, Brett R.
name: Madden, Michael C.
name: Risby, Terence H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and associated exhaled breath aerosols (EBA) are valuable non-invasive biological media used for the quantification of biomarkers. EBC contains exhaled water vapor, soluble gas-phase (polar) organic compounds, ionic species, plus other species including semi- and non-volatile organic compounds, proteins, cell fragments, DNA, dissolved inorganic compounds, ions, and microbiota (bacteria and viruses) dissolved in the co-collected EBA. EBC is collected from subjects who breathe 'normally' through a chilled tube assembly for approximately 10 min and is then harvested into small vials for analysis. Aerosol filters without the chilled tube assembly are also used to separately collect EBA. Unlike typical gas-phase breath samples used for environmental and clinical applications, the constituents of EBC and EBA are not easily characterized by total volume or carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, because the gas-phase is vented. Furthermore, EBC and associated EBA are greatly affected by breathing protocol, more specifically, depth of inhalation and expelled breath velocity. We have tested a new instrument developed by Loccioni Gruppa Humancare (Ancona, Italy) for implementation of EBC collection from human subjects to assess EBC collection parameters. The instrument is the first EBC collection device that provides instantaneous visual feedback to the subjects to control breathing patterns. In this report we describe the operation of the instrument, and present an overview of performance and analytical applications.
Modified and controllable dispersion interaction in a 1D waveguide geometry
Creators: name: Haakh, Harald R.
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dispersion interactions such as the van der Waals interaction between atoms or molecules derive from quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field and can be understood as the exchange of virtual photons between the interacting partners. Any modification of the environment in which those photons propagate will thus invariably lead to an alteration of the van der Waals interaction. Here we show how the two-body dispersion interaction inside a cylindrical waveguide can be made to decay asymptotically exponentially, and how this effect sensitively depends on the material properties and the length scales of the problem, eventually leading to the possibility of controllable interactions. Further, we discuss the possibility to detect the retarded van der Waals interaction by resonant enhancement of the interaction between Rydberg atoms in the light of long-range potentials due to guided modes.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Secure Decentralized IoT Service Platform using Consortium Blockchain
Creators: name: Zhang, Ruipeng
name: Xu, Chen
name: Xie, Mengjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain technology has gained increasing popularity in the research of Internet of Things (IoT) systems in the past decade. As a distributed and immutable ledger secured by strong cryptography algorithms, the blockchain brings a new perspective to secure IoT systems. Many studies have been devoted to integrating blockchain into IoT device management, access control, data integrity, security, and privacy. In comparison, the blockchain-facilitated IoT communication is much less studied. Nonetheless, we see the potential of blockchain in decentralizing and securing IoT communications. This paper proposes an innovative IoT service platform powered by consortium blockchain technology. The presented solution abstracts machine-to-machine (M2M) and human-to-machine (H2M) communications into services provided by IoT devices. Then, it materializes data exchange of the IoT network through smart contracts and blockchain transactions. Additionally, we introduce the auxiliary storage layer to the proposed platform to address various data storage requirements. Our proof-of-concept implementation is tested against various workloads and connection sizes under different block configurations to evaluate the platform's transaction throughput, latency, and hardware utilization. The experiment results demonstrate that our solution can maintain high performance under most testing scenarios and provide valuable insights on optimizing the blockchain configuration to achieve the best performance.
A novel search for high-frequency gravitational waves with low-mass axion haloscopes
Creators: name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Garcia-Cely, Camilo
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) generate oscillating electromagnetic effects in the vicinity of external electric and magnetic fields. We discuss this phenomenon with a particular focus on reinterpreting the results of axion haloscopes based on lumped-element detectors, which probe GWs in the 100 kHz-100 MHz range. Measurements from ABRACADABRA and SHAFT already place bounds on GWs, although the present strain sensitivity is weak. However, we demonstrate that the sensitivity scaling with the volume of such instruments is significant - faster than for axions - and so rapid progress will be made in the future. With no modifications, DMRadio-m$^3$ will have a GW strain sensitivity of $h \sim 10^{-20}$ at 200 MHz. A simple modification of the pickup loop used to readout the induced magnetic flux can parametrically enhance the GW sensitivity, particularly at lower frequencies.
description: 7+9 pages, 3+1 figures; v2, added a computation of the PBH binary signal
A Bayesian Analysis of Physical Parameters for 783 Kepler (Near-)Contact Binaries: Extreme-Mass-Ratio Systems and a New Mass Ratio versus Period Lower Limit
Creators: name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
name: Molnar, Lawrence A.
name: Cook, Evan M.
name: Henderson, Lauren E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contact binary star systems represent the long-lived penultimate phase of binary evolution. Population statistics of their physical parameters inform understanding of binary evolutionary pathways and end products. We use light curves and new optical spectroscopy to conduct a pilot study of ten (near-)contact systems in the long-period ($P$>0.5 d) tail of close binaries in the Kepler field. We use PHOEBE light curve models to compute Bayesian probabilities on five principal system parameters. Mass ratios and third-light contributions measured from spectra agree well with those inferred from the light curves. Pilot study systems have extreme mass ratios $q$<0.32. Most are triples. Analysis of the unbiased sample of 783 0.15 d<$P$<2 d (near-)contact binaries results in 178 probable contact systems, 114 probable detached systems, and 491 ambiguous systems for which we report best-fitting and 16th/50th/84th percentile parameters. Contact systems are rare at periods $P$>0.5 d, as are systems with $q$>0.8. There exists an empirical mass ratio lower limit $q_{min}$($P$)$\approx$0.05--0.15 below which contact systems are absent, supporting a new set of theoretical predictions obtained by modeling the evolution of contact systems under the constraints of mass and angular momentum conservation. Pre-merger systems should lie at long periods and near this mass ratio lower limit, which rises from $q$=0.044 for $P$=0.74 d to $q$=0.15 at $P$=2.0 d. These findings support a scenario whereby nuclear evolution of the primary (more massive) star drives mass transfer to the primary, thus moving systems toward extreme $q$ and larger $P$ until the onset of the Darwin instability at $q_{min}$ precipitates a merger.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal