cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
$\rm{K}^{*}(\rm{892})^{0}$ and $ϕ(1020)$ production at midrapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of $\mathrm{K}^{*}(\mathrm{892})^{0}$ and $\mathrm{ϕ(1020)}$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV was measured using Run 1 data collected by the ALICE collaboration at the LHC. The $p_{\rm{T}}$-differential yields d$^{\rm 2}N$/d$y$d$p_{\rm{T}}$ in the range $0 < p_{\rm{T}} < 20$ GeV/$c$ for $\rm{K}^{*0}$ and $0.4 < p_{\rm{T}} < 16$ GeV/$c$ for $ϕ$ have been measured at midrapidity, $|y| < 0.5$. Moreover, improved measurements of the $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$ and $ϕ(1020)$ at $\sqrt{s} = 7$TeV are presented. The collision energy dependence of $p_{\rm{T}}$ distributions, $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated yields and particle ratios in inelastic pp collisions are examined. The results are also compared with different collision systems. The values of the particle ratios are found to be similar to those measured at other LHC energies. In pp collisions a hardening of the particle spectra is observed with increasing energy, but at the same time it is also observed that the relative particle abundances are independent of the collision energy. The $p_{\rm{T}}$-differential yields of $\rm{K}^{*0}$ and $ϕ$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV are compared with the expectations of different Monte Carlo event generators.
description: 22 pages, 7 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 17, published, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/5654
Economics, Ecology and GMOs: Sustainability, Precaution and Related Issues
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Biodiversity
subject: biosafety
subject: genetically modified organisms
subject: GMOs
subject: intellectual property rights
subject: market structure
subject: sustainable development

description: Ecological, evolutionary and economic issues involved in introducing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), mainly in agriculture, are discussed. The ecological and evolutionary impacts identified hamper (economic) valuation of GMOs and their biosafety regulation and creates difficulties for planning for sustainable development. Assessment of the desirability of releasing GMOs is difficult because of lack of communal agreement about the risks involved, about how much precaution should be exercised given collective risks, and disagreement on the appropriate social criterion to apply. Changes in legal liability are not always economic and cannot eliminate the social conflict generated by GMOs. The economics of developing and marketing GMOs is explored, assuming the type of intellectual property rights in GMOs in the United States. It is found that the economics of developing and marketing GMOs favours large enterprises as primary suppliers. In marketing GMOs, sales to larger-sized commercial farms rather than smaller-sized ones are preferred. GMOs preferred for development are those designed to satisfy large agricultural markets, mostly located in higher income countries. The patenting of GMOs, co-evolution, various social conflicts in the use of GMOs and legal liability for damages caused by GMOs are discussed both from a socioeconomic and biosafety point of view.
QU Car: a very high luminosity nova-like binary with a carbon-enriched companion
Creators: name: Drew, J. E.
name: Hartley, L. E.
name: Long, K. S.
name: van der Walt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QU Car is listed in cataclysmic variable star catalogues as a nova-like variable. This little-studied, yet bright interacting binary is re-appraised here in the light of new high-quality ultraviolet (UV) interstellar line data obtained with STIS on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The detection of a component of interstellar absorption at a mean LSR velocity of $-$14 km s$^{-1}$ indicates that the distance to QU Car may be $\sim$2 kpc or more -- a considerable increase on the previous lower-limiting distance of 500 pc. If so, the bolometric luminosity of QU Car could exceed $10^{37}$ ergs s$^{-1}$. This would place this binary in the luminosity domain occupied by known compact-binary supersoft X-ray sources. Even at a 500 pc, QU Car appears to be the most luminous nova-like variable known. New intermediate dispersion optical spectroscopy of QU Car spanning 3800--7000 Åis presented. These data yield the discovery that C{\sc iv} $λλ$5801,12 is present as an unusually prominent emission line in an otherwise low-contrast line spectrum. Using measurements of this and other lines in a recombination line analysis, it is shown that the C/He abundance as proxied by the n(C$^{4+}$)/n(He$^{2+}$) ratio may be as high as 0.06 (an order of magnitude higher than the solar ratio). Furthermore, the C/O abundance ratio is estimated to be greater than 1. These findings suggest that the companion in QU Car is a carbon star. If so, it would be the first example of a carbon star in such a binary. An early-type R star best matches the required abundance pattern and could escape detection at optical wavelengths provided the distance to QU Car is $\sim$2 kpc or more.
description: 12 pages, latex (mn2e style file), accepted for publication in MNRAS original gzipped postscript at ftp://astro.ic.ac.uk/pub/janet/qucar_jed.ps.gz
Changing Patterns of Wheat Production and Consumption in China: Trade Implications
Creators: name: Tian, Wei-Ming
name: Zhou, Zhang-Yue
name: Cao, Yi-Yang
name: Tian, Wei-Ming
name: Zhou, Zhang-Yue
name: Cao, Yi-Yang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: In the 1980s and early 1990s, wheat imports accounted for about four-fifths of China's import of cereals, and imported wheat accounts for about 30 percent of wheat supply. As a result of the many recent developments in Chinese government’s policy on wheat production and marketing as well as China’s WTO accession negotiations, how the Chinese wheat market will evolve presents an interesting and important area for policy makers and major wheat trading companies both within and outside China. In this paper, we highlight recent changes in China's wheat production and consumption patterns and marketing arrangements. We then, by taking into account of likely government policy scenarios, analyse implications of such changes on wheat market development in China and on wheat trade in the international market.
Mixed halide perovskites for spectrally stable and high-efficiency blue light-emitting diodes
Creators: name: Karlsson, Max
name: Yi, Ziyue
name: Reichert, Sebastian
name: Luo, Xiyu
name: Lin, Weihua
name: Zhang, Zeyu
name: Bao, Chunxiong
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Bai, Sai
name: Zheng, Guanhaojie
name: Teng, Pengpeng
name: Duan, Lian
name: Lu, Yue
name: Zheng, Kaibo
name: Pullerits, Tönu
name: Deibel, Carsten
name: Xu, Weidong
name: Friend, Richard
name: Gao, Feng
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/301/1005/1007
/639/301/1019/1020
/120
/128
article

description: Funder: ERC Starting Grant (No. 717026)
description: Abstract: Bright and efficient blue emission is key to further development of metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes. Although modifying bromide/chloride composition is straightforward to achieve blue emission, practical implementation of this strategy has been challenging due to poor colour stability and severe photoluminescence quenching. Both detrimental effects become increasingly prominent in perovskites with the high chloride content needed to produce blue emission. Here, we solve these critical challenges in mixed halide perovskites and demonstrate spectrally stable blue perovskite light-emitting diodes over a wide range of emission wavelengths from 490 to 451 nanometres. The emission colour is directly tuned by modifying the halide composition. Particularly, our blue and deep-blue light-emitting diodes based on three-dimensional perovskites show high EQE values of 11.0% and 5.5% with emission peaks at 477 and 467 nm, respectively. These achievements are enabled by a vapour-assisted crystallization technique, which largely mitigates local compositional heterogeneity and ion migration.
The Cost Efficiency of Dairy Farms in Japan
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Yasutaka
name: Yamamoto, Yasutaka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: cost efficiency
subject: dairy
subject: Japan

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cost efficiency of dairy farms in Japan. The overall cost efficiency measure is decomposed into two components (Fare and Grosskopf, 1985): (1) the weak cost efficiency measure; (2) the scale efficiency measure. Linear programming techniques are used in calculating the efficiency measures for a sample of dairy farms in Japan during the year 1989. The study demonstrates an overall cost inefficiency, which is not due to scale inefficiency, but rather to weak cost inefficiency.
The classical Generalized Constant Coupling method for Geometrically Frustrated Magnets revisited: Microscopic formulation and effect of perturbations beyond nearest neighbor interactions
Creators: name: Garcia-Adeva, A. J.
name: Huber, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic derivation of the classical Generalized Constant Coupling (GCC) model for geometrically frustrated magnets is presented. Starting from the classical Heisenberg Hamiltonian, the partition function for clusters with p = 2, 3, 4 ,...spins in the presence of the inhomogeneous symmetry breaking fields (SBF) created by spins outside the unit is calculated. The effective fields characterizing the interaction between units naturally arise as averages over the SBF. These effective fields are fixed by a self-consistency condition. In the paramagnetic regime, we recover all the results previously obtained in a more phenomenological way, which were shown to be in excellent agreement with Monte Carlo calculations for these lattices. In the absence of applied magnetic field, it is found that, for antiferromagnetic interactions, the equilibrium configuration is a non-collinear configuration in which the total magnetization of the unit is zero, and the condition under which such an ordered state occurs is also obtained from the calculation. However, frustration inhibits the formation of such an state, and the system remains paramagnetic down to 0 K, if only nearest neighbor interactions are taken into account, for all the systems considered. Furthermore, we also study the effect of next nearest neighbor interactions (NNN) and site dilution by non-magnetic impurities for the pyrochlore lattice. It is found that NNN interactions can stabilize a non-collinear ordered state, or ferromagnetic one, depending on the relation between NN and NNN interactions, and the phase diagram is calculated. However, site dilution is not enough by itself to form such an ordered state.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, RevTeX 4
LEDs driven by AC without transformers or rectifiers
Creators: name: Hughes, Robin W.
name: Warner, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/766/25
/639/166/987
article

description: Abstract: We explore the driving of LEDs by untransformed AC. An extreme case is driving 1.9 V threshold (red) LEDs with UK mains, peak voltage 325 V. Commonly, driving is by transformed, rectified (DC) supply with a series resistor (where a significant fraction of the power is wasted) to limit current in the LED. With AC, one can instead reactively limit to a maximum current safe for an LED by employing a series capacitive impedance. Cheaper and simpler supplies can thus be employed in some cases. We analyse such non-linear circuits, and also explore questions of duty cycle and power experimentally.
Parton Density Uncertainties and the Determination of Electroweak Parameters at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Bagnaschi, E.
name: Vicini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the determination of electroweak parameters from hadron collider observables, focusing on the $W$ boson mass measurement. We revise the procedures adopted in the literature to include in the experimental analysis the uncertainty due to our imperfect knowledge of the proton structure. We show how the treatment of the proton parton density functions (PDFs) uncertainty as a source of systematic error, leads to the automatic inclusion in the fit of the bin-bin correlation of the kinematic distributions with respect to PDF variations. In the case of the determination of $M_W$ from the charged lepton transverse momentum distribution, we observe that the inclusion of this correlation factor yields a strong reduction of the PDF uncertainty, given a sufficiently good control over all the other error sources. This improvement depends on a systematic accounting of the features of the QCD-based PDF model, and it is achieved relying only on the information available in current PDF sets. While a realistic quantitative estimate requires to take into account the details of the experimental systematics, we argue that, in perspective, the proton PDF uncertainty will not be a bottleneck for precision measurements.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures; v2: title changed, minor textual changes, version published on PRL
A Multilevel Economic Analysis of the Wheat Market in Pakistan
Creators: name: Ashfaq, Muhammad
name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Piggott, Roley R.
name: Ashfaq, Muhammad
name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Piggott, Roley R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Government price policy in Pakistan affects both the supply and demand of wheat. The wheat market has been established in a particular idiosyncratic manner in Pakistan, and a thorough appraisal of policy needs to take this into account. Hence, to analyse various policy interventions, this study develops a multi-level wheat market model. After considering the real world aspects of the wheat marketing chain, a conceptual framework is developed involving five market levels. This is then translated into a multi-equation econometric model. The model is based on secondary time series data from 1971 to 1996. It consists of equations representing supply, demand, stock holding, importing and price formation. The model is used to estimate changes in consumer surplus, producer surplus and government expenditures, resulting from proposed policy changes.
WACHSTUMSSTRATEGIEN VON FAMILIENGEFÜHRTEN MILCHVIEHBETRIEBEN MIT FREMDARBEITSKRÄFTEN
Creators: name: Bronsema, Hauke
name: Stratmann, Janine
name: Schlosser, Katharina
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Bronsema, Hauke
name: Stratmann, Janine
name: Schlosser, Katharina
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Strategische Gruppen
subject: Wachstum
subject: Milchvieh
subject: Personalmanagement
subject: Faktorausstattung
subject: Clus-teranalyse

description: Die strategische Ausrichtung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe ist eine klassische agrarökonomi-sche Fragestellung. Im Rahmen der Strategieoptionen nehmen bei langfristiger Fortführungs-absicht Wachstumsstrategien die dominierende Position ein. Eine typische Entwicklung ist hierbei die Abkehr vom ausschließlich durch Familienarbeitskräfte bewirtschafteten Betrieb zu einem um familienfremde Arbeitskräfte ergänzten Unternehmen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Datensätze von 122 Milchviehbetrieben, die diesen Entwicklungsschritt bereits voll-zogen haben und damit im Wesentlichen eine ähnliche Strategie verfolgen, differenzierter untersucht. Hierbei lassen sich drei Cluster, die Untergruppen im Rahmen der Wachs-tumsstrategie repräsentieren, identifizieren. Es zeigt sich, dass für die Ausdifferenzierung der Wachstumsstrategien insbesondere persönliche Präferenzen der Betriebsleiter von Bedeutung sind. Die für die strategische Ausrichtung häufig als eminent angeführte Verfügbarkeit von Produktionsfaktoren spielt hingegen nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Die Studie ergänzt die bisherige Forschung um wichtige, neue Variablen zur Beschreibung und Erklärung von Stra-tegien in der Landwirtschaft. Die Problematik der Existenz von Mobilitätsbarrieren zwischen strategischen Gruppen und ihre Durchbrechung werden diskutiert.
Additional file 1 of Molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant hypervirulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in China
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Tang, Mengli
name: Liu, Zhaojun
name: Wei, Yuhan
name: Xia, Fengjun
name: Xia, Yubing
name: Hu, Yongmei
name: Wang, Haichen
name: Zou, Mingxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Figure S1. Heatmap of XDR-hvPA carrying resistance genes; Figure S2. Heatmap of XDR-hvPA carrying virulence genes
MOESM1 of Diversification and genetic structure of the western-to-eastern progression of European Phaseolus vulgaris L. germplasm
Creators: name: Pipan, Barbara
name: MegliÄ, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Structure plot of the 782 accessions.
Early relapse on adjuvant gemcitabine associated with an exceptional response to 2nd line capecitabine chemotherapy in a patient with pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma with strong intra-tumoural expression of cytidine deaminase: a case report
Creators: name: Connell, Claire M.
name: Brais, Rebecca
name: Whitaker, Hayley
name: Upponi, Sara
name: Beh, Ian
name: Risdall, Jane
name: Corrie, Pippa
name: Janowitz, Tobias
name: Jodrell, Duncan I.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Case Report
Medical and radiation oncology
Cytidine deaminase
Drug metabolism
Gemcitabine
Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma

description: Funder: Cambridge Experimental Medicine Initiative
description: Funder: Cancer Research United Kingdom
description: Abstract: Background: Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma has a poor prognosis, with limited prospective trial data to guide optimal treatment. The potential impact of drug metabolism on the treatment response of patients with pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma is largely unknown. Case presentation: We describe the case of a 51 year old woman with pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma who, following surgical resection, experienced early disease relapse during adjuvant gemcitabine therapy. Paradoxically, this was followed by an exceptional response to capecitabine therapy lasting 34.6 months. Strong expression of cytidine deaminase was detected within the tumour. Conclusions: This case study demonstrates that early relapse during adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma may be compatible with a subsequent exceptional response to second line chemotherapy, an important observation given the poor overall prognosis of patients with adenosquamous carcinoma. Cytidine deaminase is predicted to inactivate gemcitabine and, conversely, catalyze capecitabine activation. We discuss strong intra-tumoural expression of cytidine deaminase as a potential mechanism to explain this patient’s disparate responses to gemcitabine and capecitabine therapy, and highlight the benefit that may be gained from considering similar determinants of response to chemotherapy in clinical practice.
X-Ray Transform in Asymptotically Conic Spaces
Creators: name: Guillarmou, Colin
name: Lassas, Matti
name: Tzou, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the properties of the geodesic X-ray transform for asymptotically Euclidean or conic Riemannian metrics and show injectivity under non-trapping and no conjugate point assumptions. We also define a notion of lens data for such metrics and study the associated inverse problem.
description: 48 pages, minor corrections after refereeing process
Critical magnetic fluctuations induced superconductivity and residual density of states in $CeRhIn_5$ superconductor
Creators: name: Bang, Yunkyu
name: Martin, I.
name: Balatsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the multiband extension of the spin-fermion model to address the superconducting d-wave pairing due to magnetic interaction near critical point. We solve the unrestricted gap equation with a general d-wave symmetry gap and find that divergent magnetic correlation length $ξ$ leads to the very unharmonic shape of the gap function with shallow gap regions near nodes. These regions are extremely sensitive to disorder. Small impurity concentration induces substantial residual density of states. We argue that we can understand the large $N_{res}(0) = \lim_{T\to 0} C_p(T)/T$ value and its pressure dependence of the recently discovered $CeRhIn_5$ superconductor under pressure within this approach.
description: 5 figures
CALCULATING THE ‘GREENING’ EFFECT: A CASE STUDY APPROACH TO PREDICT THE GROSS MARGIN LOSSES IN DIFFERENT FARM TYPES IN GERMANY DUE TO THE REFORM OF THE CAP
Creators: name: Heinrich, Barbara
name: Heinrich, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Greening
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: reform of the CAP
subject: agri-environmental measures
subject: direct payments

description: Agricultural policy is designed to achieve certain goals. One goal that is of increasing importance in public discussion is ‘public money for public goods’, i.e. the compensation for the provision of public goods and the internalization of externalities. The European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy is currently undergoing a reform process which inter alia aims to achieve a higher environmental standard in agricultural production by binding direct payments to practices beneficial for the climate and the environment (the so-called ‘greening’). I simulate how farms would respond to these measures using a case study farm modeling approach and data for different farm types in Germany. I find that the considered and currently envisaged ‘greening’ measures can be expected to function in general due to the linkage to the direct payments, which provide a strong disincentive to forego participation. The individual economic outcome strongly depends on the current intensity of the farm in question and on the implementation details of the introduced measures. However, farms with very high gross margins per hectare will forego the support scheme.
Price Dispersion in the U.S. Airline Industry
Creators: name: Chi, Junwook
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Lim, Siew H.
name: Chi, Junwook
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Lim, Siew H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: This paper explores price dispersion in the U.S. airline industry by highlighting differential individual carriers’ pricing strategies. Using instrumental variables (IV) estimation, the results show that individual carriers play crucial roles in determining price dispersion, implying that their price discrimination strategies may influence variation in airfares. Based on observed price dispersion and average price, we distinguished sources of price dispersion and found that the pricing strategies varied across U.S. air carriers. In 2005, for example, monopoly-type price discrimination was likely to result in price dispersion for Northwest, whereas competitive-type price discrimination was likely to lead to price dispersion for Delta.
MOESM2 of Diversification and genetic structure of the western-to-eastern progression of European Phaseolus vulgaris L. germplasm
Creators: name: Pipan, Barbara
name: MegliÄ, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Phylogenetic relationships for the complete set of accessions, based on Neiâ s standard genetic distances and the UPGMA clustering method.
Additional file 1 of Development of low back pain curriculum content standards for entry-level clinical training
Creators: name: Jenkins, Hazel J.
name: Brown, Benjamin T.
name: O’Keeffe, Mary
name: Moloney, Niamh
name: Maher, Chris G.
name: Hancock, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Automated Transfer Management Systems and the Intermodal Performance of North American Freight Distribution
Creators: name: Zumerchik, John
name: Rodrigue, Jean-Paul
name: Lanigan, Jack
name: Zumerchik, John
name: Rodrigue, Jean-Paul
name: Lanigan, Jack
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Public Economics

description: For capacity, energy and environmental reasons, intermodal transportation is widely regarded as the preferable option for inland freight distribution. But because of the relatively high embedded costs, intermodal rail is currently only an attractive option for containerized goods carried over long distances. Transfers that in theory should entail only a few operations at a terminal in reality require multiple operations. This paper argues that by incorporating new terminal designs and an automated transfer management system (ATMS) at terminals and distribution centers, the resulting efficiency advances and productivity gains could significantly improve the economics for both long and short haul intermodal movements, including port shuttle trains. This system not only could significantly lower fixed costs and make intermodal more price competitive, but improve time and reliability to make intermodal more service competitive as well.
A MUSE study of the fast bar in the weakly-interacting galaxy NGC 4264
Creators: name: Cuomo, V.
name: Corsini, E. M.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Debattista, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present surface photometry and stellar kinematics of NGC 4264, a lenticular galaxy in the region of the Virgo Cluster undergoing a tidal interaction with its neighbour, NGC 4261. We measured the bar radius and strength from SDSS imaging and the bar pattern speed from MUSE integral-field spectroscopy. We find that NGC 4264 hosts a strong and large bar, which is rotating fast. The accurate measurement of the bar rotation rate allows us to exclude that the formation of the bar was triggered by the ongoing interaction.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of IAUS 353, Eds. M. Valluri, and J. A. Sellwood
Strong charge transfer effects in the Mg2p^{-1} core-level spectrum of MgB_2
Creators: name: Dobrodey, N. V.
name: Streltsov, A. I.
name: Cederbaum, L. S.
name: Villani, C.
name: Tarantelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two available Mg2p^{-1} spectra of the recently discovered high-temperature superconducting MgB_2 crystal exhibit interesting structures, but contradict each other. This motivated us to perform ab initio calculations on the core-level spectra of cluster models. The computed spectra reveal unusual rich and intense structures triggered by a B2p_z->Mg3s,3p charge transfer
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Sleep reactivation did not boost suppression-induced forgetting
Creators: name: Schechtman, Eitan
name: Lampe, Anna
name: Wilson, Brianna J.
name: Kwon, Eunbi
name: Anderson, Michael C.
name: Paller, Ken A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/378/2649
/631/378/1595
/631/378/1595/2639
/631/378/1385/519
article

description: Funder: Human Frontier Science Program; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004412
description: Funder: Zuckerman STEM Leadership Program
description: Abstract: Sleep's role in memory consolidation is widely acknowledged, but its role in weakening memories is still debated. Memory weakening is evolutionary beneficial and makes an integral contribution to cognition. We sought evidence on whether sleep-based memory reactivation can facilitate memory suppression. Participants learned pairs of associable words (e.g., DIET–CREAM) and were then exposed to hint words (e.g., DIET) and instructed to either recall (“think”) or suppress (“no-think”) the corresponding target words (e.g., CREAM). As expected, suppression impaired retention when tested immediately after a 90-min nap. To test if reactivation could selectively enhance memory suppression during sleep, we unobtrusively presented one of two sounds conveying suppression instructions during sleep, followed by hint words. Results showed that targeted memory reactivation did not enhance suppression-induced forgetting. Although not predicted, post-hoc analyses revealed that sleep cues strengthened memory, but only for suppressed pairs that were weakly encoded before sleep. The results leave open the question of whether memory suppression can be augmented during sleep, but suggest strategies for future studies manipulating memory suppression during sleep. Additionally, our findings support the notion that sleep reactivation is particularly beneficial for weakly encoded information, which may be prioritized for consolidation.
State Variation in the Determinants of Motor Vehicle Fatalities
Creators: name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Gayle, Philip G.
name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Gayle, Philip G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Research on motor vehicle safety has involved virtually all modes of transportation. Most of these have been national in scope with relatively few studies focused on the determinants of motor vehicle fatalities at the state level. This paper investigates the determinants of motor vehicle fatalities across the states of California, Illinois, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and Texas, which collectively account for 27% of U.S. motor vehicle fatalities in 2006. An important finding is that fatalities vary significantly by state even after controlling for commonly cited fatality determinants.
Magnetic trapping of metastable $^3P_2$ atomic strontium
Creators: name: Nagel, S. B.
name: Simien, C. E.
name: Laha, S.
name: Gupta, P.
name: Ashoka, V. S.
name: Killian, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the magnetic trapping of metastable $^3P_2$ atomic strontium. Atoms are cooled in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) operating on the dipole allowed $^1S_0-^1P_1$ transition at 461 nm. Decay via $^1P_1\to {^1D_2}\to {^3P_2}$ continuously loads a magnetic trap formed by the quadrupole magnetic field of the MOT. Over $10^8$ atoms at a density of $8 \times 10^9$ cm$^{-3}$ and temperature of 1 mK are trapped. The atom temperature is significantly lower than what would be expected from the kinetic and potential energy of atoms as they are transferred from the MOT. This suggests that thermalization and evaporative cooling are occurring in the magnetic trap.
description: This paper has been accepted by PRA
Entity-Centric Abstraction and Modeling of Future Transportation Architectures
Creators: name: Lewe, Jung-Ho
name: DeLaurentis, Daniel
name: Lewe, Jung-Ho
name: DeLaurentis, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Presented is a foundational, embryonic frame of reference for contemplating future transportation architectures open to practically any configuration, seeking innovation in transportation not through a particular technology but through a new way of thinking. The approach foregoes the usual employment of a reductionism perspective in favor of the view that one must first understand the whole before the individual parts of a complex system are designed, for the essence of the problem likely appears only from this holistic perspective. Nevertheless, it does not necessarily make communication between the involved facets any easier. An effective lexicon is proposed to bridge the gap between understanding and communication across the multiple domains that under-gird transportation. The holistic perspective with an effective lexicon establishes the foundation for the primary thrust of the paper: the establishment of an entity-centric abstraction framework that allows practitioners and theorists to navigate, communicate, model and design collaboratively as well as produce a useful product to the decision makers. The framework effectively guides modeling in such a way that nearly any conceivable combination of transportation resources, economies or policies is admissible. Overlaid with socioeconomic data and utilizing an agent-based modeling technique, simulation studies are reported upon for the dual purpose of documenting the use of the entity-centric abstraction approach as well as to expose key findings concerning the potential benefit of emerging aviation technologies.
Reply to `Comment on "Low-dimensional Bose liquids: beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation"'
Creators: name: Kolomeisky, Eugene B.
name: Newman, T. J.
name: Straley, Joseph P.
name: Qi, Xiaoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a published reply to the comment of Bhaduri and Sen, Physical Review Letters 86, 4708 (2001), cond-mat/0105385, on our original work, Physical Review Letters 85, 1146 (2000), cond-mat/0002282 . In this reply we point out that our continuum theory captures the correct physics of non-interacting fermions in one dimension. In contrast, the two proposed alternative theories of Bhaduri and Sen produce physically incorrect results. We take this opportunity to point out that the abstract of cond-mat/0105385 obscures the contents of the comment and reply. The soliton solutions found in our theory are the continuum analogs of solitonic states which are known from exact studies of non-interacting fermions.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Weighted boxes fusion: Ensembling boxes from different object detection models
Creators: name: Solovyev, Roman
name: Wang, Weimin
name: Gabruseva, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a novel method for combining predictions of object detection models: weighted boxes fusion. Our algorithm utilizes confidence scores of all proposed bounding boxes to constructs the averaged boxes. We tested method on several datasets and evaluated it in the context of the Open Images and COCO Object Detection tracks, achieving top results in these challenges. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/ZFTurbo/Weighted-Boxes-Fusion
MOESM3 of Diversification and genetic structure of the western-to-eastern progression of European Phaseolus vulgaris L. germplasm
Creators: name: Pipan, Barbara
name: MegliÄ, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Genetic structure of the accessions, specifying their population of origin.
ADHM/Nahm Construction of Localized Solitons in Noncommutative Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Hamanaka, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationship between ADHM/Nahm construction and ``solution generating technique'' of BPS solitons in noncommutative gauge theories. ADHM/Nahm construction and ``solution generating technique'' are the most strong ways to construct exact BPS solitons. Localized solitons are the solitons which are generated by the ``solution generating technique.'' The shift operators which play crucial roles in ``solution generating technique'' naturally appear in ADHM/Nahm construction and we can construct various exact localized solitons including new solitons: localized periodic instantons (=localized calorons) and localized doubly-periodic instantons. Nahm construction also gives rise to BPS fluxons straightforwardly from the appropriate input Nahm data which is expected from the D-brane picture of BPS fluxons. We also show that the Fourier-transformed soliton of the localized caloron in the zero-period limit exactly coincides with the BPS fluxon.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures; v3: minor changes, references added; v4: references added, version to appear in PRD
Estimates of Grain Barge Demands for the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers
Creators: name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang (Edward)
name: Fuller, Stephen W.
name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang (Edward)
name: Fuller, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers are important transportation resources for United States grain producers and exporters. Unfortunately, the lock and dam system on these Rivers is aged and barge delays have become troublesome in the lower portion of these Rivers. Studies are underway to measure the benefits and costs of upgrading locks on selected segments of these transportation arteries. Knowledge of demand characteristics for barge transportation on these Rivers is important since it is the key to measuring the economic benefits from infrastructure improvements. This paper reports on estimated demands for grain barge transportation on these two transport arteries. Results suggest the demand for grain barge transportation on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers is inelastic. Foreign grain demand and winter season are shown to have an important influence on grain barge demands as do domestic grain consumption and supply.
Long-distance Contributions to Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay $π^- \toπ^+ e e$
Creators: name: Tuo, Xin-Yu
name: Feng, Xu
name: Jin, Lu-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinoless double beta decay, if detected, would prove that neutrinos are Majorana fermions and provide the direct evidence for lepton number violation. If such decay would exist in nature, then $π^-π^-\to ee$ and $π^-\toπ^+ ee$ (or equivalently $π^-e^+\toπ^+ e^-$) are the two simplest processes accessible via first-principle lattice QCD calculations. In this work, we calculate the long-distance contributions to the $π^-\toπ^+ee$ transition amplitude using four ensembles at the physical pion mass with various volumes and lattice spacings. We adopt the infinite-volume reconstruction method to control the finite-volume effects arising from the (almost) massless neutrino. Providing the lattice QCD inputs for chiral perturbation theory, we obtain the low energy constant $g_ν^{ππ}(m_ρ)=-10.89(28)_\text{stat}(74)_\text{sys}$, which is close to $g_ν^{ππ}(m_ρ)=-11.96(31)_\text{stat}$ determined from the crossed-channel $π^-π^-\to ee$ decay.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 5: of Socioeconomic status and stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and worldwide burden: an ecological analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Creators: name: Abolfazl Avan
name: Digaleh, Hadi
name: Napoli, Mario Di
name: Stranges, Saverio
name: Behrouz, Reza
name: Shojaeianbabaei, Golnaz
name: Amiri, Amin
name: Tabrizi, Reza
name: Mokhber, Naghmeh
name: J. Spence
name: Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S4. Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Outcome in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. (DOCX 132 kb)
Gravitational lensing by spherically symmetric lenses with angular momentum
Creators: name: Sereno, M.
name: CArdone, V. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following Sereno (2002a), we discuss the bending of light rays by spherically symmetric lenses with angular momentum. For several astrophysical systems, such as white dwarfs and galaxies, gravitomagnetism induces a correction on the deflection angle as large as 0.1%.
description: 6 pages, To appear in A&A
European lipodystrophy registry: background and structure
Creators: name: Von Schnurbein, Julia
name: Adams, Claire
name: Akinci, Baris
name: Ceccarini, Giovanni
name: D’Apice, Maria Rosaria
name: Gambineri, Alessandra
name: Hennekam, Raoul C. M.
name: Jeru, Isabelle
name: Lattanzi, Giovanna
name: Miehle, Konstanze
name: Nagel, Gabriele
name: Novelli, Giuseppe
name: Santini, Ferruccio
name: Santos Silva, Ermelinda
name: Savage, David B.
name: Sbraccia, Paolo
name: Schaaf, Jannik
name: Sorkina, Ekaterina
name: Tanteles, George
name: Vantyghem, Marie-Christine
name: Vatier, Camille
name: Vigouroux, Corinne
name: Vorona, Elena
name: Araújo-Vilar, David
name: Wabitsch, Martin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Rare endocrinological diseases
Lipodystrophy
Registry
Rare diseases
Adipose tissue

description: Abstract: Background: Lipodystrophy syndromes comprise a group of extremely rare and heterogeneous diseases characterized by a selective loss of adipose tissue in the absence of nutritional deprivation or catabolic state. Because of the rarity of each lipodystrophy subform, research in this area is difficult and international co-operation mandatory. Therefore, in 2016, the European Consortium of Lipodystrophies (ECLip) decided to create a registry for patients with lipodystrophy. Results: The registry was build using the information technology Open Source Registry System for Rare Diseases in the EU (OSSE), an open-source software and toolbox. Lipodystrophy specific data forms were developed based on current knowledge of typical signs and symptoms of lipodystrophy. The platform complies with the new General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 by ensuring patient pseudonymization, informational separation of powers, secure data storage and security of communication, user authentication, person specific access to data, and recording of access granted to any data. Inclusion criteria are all patients with any form of lipodystrophy (with the exception of HIV-associated lipodystrophy). So far 246 patients from nine centres (Amsterdam, Bologna, Izmir, Leipzig, Münster, Moscow, Pisa, Santiago de Compostela, Ulm) have been recruited. With the help from the six centres on the brink of recruitment (Cambridge, Lille, Nicosia, Paris, Porto, Rome) this number is expected to double within the next one or 2 years. Conclusions: A European registry for all patients with lipodystrophy will provide a platform for improved research in the area of lipodystrophy. All physicians from Europe and neighbouring countries caring for patients with lipodystrophy are invited to participate in the ECLip Registry. Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03553420). Registered 14 March 2018, retrospectively registered.
Exoplanet characterisation in the longest known resonant chain: the K2-138 system seen by HARPS
Creators: name: Lopez, T. A.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Almenara, J. -M.
name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Brugger, B.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Brown, D. J. A.
name: Carli, E.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Díaz, R. F.
name: Faria, J. P.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Foxell, E.
name: Giles, H.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Hojjatpanah, S.
name: Kirk, J.
name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Mousis, O.
name: da Nóbrega, H. J.
name: Nielsen, L. D.
name: Neal, J. J.
name: Osborn, H. P.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Udry, S.
name: Vigan, A.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of low-mass transiting exoplanets in multiple systems brings new constraints to planetary formation and evolution processes and challenges the current planet formation theories. Nevertheless, only a mere fraction of the small planets detected by Kepler and K2 have precise mass measurements, which are mandatory to constrain their composition. We aim to characterise the planets that orbit the relatively bright star K2-138. This system is dynamically particular as it presents the longest chain known to date of planets close to the 3:2 resonance. We obtained 215 HARPS spectra from which we derived the radial-velocity variations of K2-138. Via a joint Bayesian analysis of both the K2 photometry and HARPS radial-velocities (RVs), we constrained the parameters of the six planets in orbit. The masses of the four inner planets, from b to e, are 3.1, 6.3, 7.9, and 13.0 $\mathrm{M}_{\oplus}$ with a precision of 34%, 20%, 18%, and 15%, respectively. The bulk densities are 4.9, 2.8, 3.2, and 1.8 g cm$^{-3}$, ranging from Earth to Neptune-like values. For planets f and g, we report upper limits. Finally, we predict transit timing variations of the order two to six minutes from the masses derived. Given its peculiar dynamics, K2-138 is an ideal target for transit timing variation (TTV) measurements from space with the upcoming CHaracterizing ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to study this highly-packed system and compare TTV and RV masses.