cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Cultural, Demographic, and Environmental Influences on Risk Perception and Mitigation in the Wildland-Urban Interface
Creators: name: Chakreeyarat, Voravee Saengawut
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Wildfire hazard is increasing in much of the United States, posing a threat to human communities and natural ecosystem services, especially in areas at the wildland-urban interface. There are steps people can take to reduce wildfire hazard, but often they are not used. Understanding and addressing human perceptions of wildfire risk and of risk-mitigating behaviors requires knowledge of both social and ecological systems. To better understand this complex issue, three types of factors must be addressed: social, cultural, demographic, and biophysical. This dissertation incorporates these three essential factors to intensively investigate the risk perception and behaviors of residents living in wildland-urban interface communities in three states (Arizona, California, and New Mexico). The first study examines the effect that individual risk perceptions have on intention to mitigate wildfire risk by integrating two social-psychological theories, Theory of Planned Behavior and Cultural Theory, to investigate the causal relationship and motivational factors that influence the intention to mitigate wildfire hazard. Results suggest that attitudes toward wildfire mitigation practices and perceived behavioral control play a significant role in the decision process. The effect of an individual’s orientation toward nature is mediated by attitude and perceived behavioral control. It is important that these orientations are taken into consideration when designing strategies to increase incentives to mitigate fire risk. The second study explores the linkage between property owners’ perception of risk and scientifically measurable wildfire risks that vary across hazard zones in the three study locations. Individuals’ perceptions of wildfire can be substantially different from each other and from reality. This study proposes that the perception of risk is formed in a multistage process (individual and community level). Results show that homeowners’ worldview with respect to nature, length of residency, place-based influence, and attitudes about risk factors all are significant predictors for how residents of fire-prone areas perceive their risks. The variance in social and physical vulnerability associated with wildfire can explain, to a certain extent, the variation in individual perceptions of wildfire risk. The perception of risk is consistent with the level of exposure to fire hazards. The third study investigates spatial relationships among social and ecological factors on private property. The biophysical characteristics of individual properties were extracted to observe wildfire risk and incorporated with information about social context from mail surveys. Results demonstrate that mitigation behaviors in the three study communities illustrate a spatial clustering pattern. Moreover, orientations toward nature and physical attributes of property had an impact on decisions to undertake mitigation behaviors.
Magnetic susceptibility of the quark condensate via holography
Creators: name: Gorsky, Alexander
name: Krikun, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the holographic derivation of the magnetic susceptibility of the quark condensate. It is found that the susceptibility emerges upon the account of the Chern-Simons term in the holographic action. We demonstrate that Vainshtein's relation is not exact in the hard wall dual model but is fulfilled with high accuracy. Some comments concerning the spectral density of the Dirac operator are presented.
description: 7 pages, the version published in Phys.Rev.D
Relativistic figures of equilibrium: from Maclaurin spheroids to Kerr black holes
Creators: name: Meinel, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical and numerical results on equilibrium configurations of rotating fluid bodies within Einstein's theory of gravitation are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on continuous parametric transitions to black holes. In this connection the uniqueness of extremal Kerr black holes is discussed.
description: 3 pages, talk given at the Twelfth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (Paris, July 12 - 18, 2009), submitted to the Conference Proceedings, v3: references updated
Matching Dendrochronological Dates with the Southern Hemisphere ¹⁴C Bomb Curve to Confirm Annual Tree Rings in Pseudolmedia rigida from Bolivia
Creators: Andreu Hayles, Laia
Santos, Guaciara M.
Herrera-Ramírez, David A.
Martin-Fernández, Javier
Ruiz Carrascal, Carlos Daniel
Boza-Espinoza, Tatiana E.
Fuentes, Alfredo F.
Jørgensen, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Moraceae
subject: Carbon--Isotopes
subject: Radiocarbon dating
subject: Trees--Growth
subject: Dendrochronology
subject: Botany
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This study used high-precision radiocarbon bomb-pulse dating of selected wood rings to provide an independent validation of the tree growth periodicity of Pseudolmedia rigida (Klotzsch & H. Karst.) Cuatrec. from the Moraceae family, collected in the Madidi National Park in Bolivia. ¹⁴C content was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in 10 samples from a single tree covering over 70 yr from 1939 to 2011. These preliminary calendar dates were determined by dendrochronological techniques and were also used to select the samples for ¹⁴C AMS. In order to validate these preliminary dates using the established Southern Hemisphere (SH) ¹⁴C atmospheric concentration data set, the targeted rings were selected to be formed during periods before and after the ¹⁴C bomb spike nuclear tests (i.e. 1950s–1960s). The excellent agreement of the dendrochronological dates and the ¹⁴C signatures in tree rings associated with the same dates provided by the bombpulse ¹⁴C atmospheric values for the SH (SHCal zone 1–2) confirms the annual periodicity of the observed growth layers, and thus the high potential of this species for tree-ring analysis. The lack of discrepancies between both data sets also suggests that there are no significant latitudinal differences between the ¹⁴C SHCal zone 1–2 curve and the ¹⁴C values obtained from the selected tree rings at this geographic location (14°33′S, 68°49′W) in South America. The annual resolution of P. rigida tree rings opens the possibility of broader applications of dendrochronological analysis for ecological and paleoclimatic studies in the Bolivian tropics, as well as the possibility of using wood samples from some tree species from this region to improve the quality of the bomb-pulse ¹⁴C SHCal curve at this latitude.
An extension of Alexandrov's theorem on second derivatives of convex functions
Creators: name: Fu, Joseph H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B05

description: If $f$ is a function of $n$ variables that is locally $L^1$ approximable by a sequence of smooth functions satisfying local $L^1$ bounds on the determinants of the minors of the Hessian, then $f$ admits a second order Taylor expansion almost everywhere. This extends a classical theorem of A.D. Alexandrov, covering the special case in which $f$ is locally convex.
description: extensively revised and improved following the suggestions of the referee
Stability of an embankment on soft clay
Creators: name: Vasey, Joseph Steele
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The soils engineer responsible for the adequacy of the design of embankments regularly finds himself confronted with the problem of constructing an embankment upon a foundation consisting of soft, potentially unstable soils. This thesis presents the method used to arrive at a successful solution to this problem and a discussion of the pore pressures developed in the foundation as the embankment was constructed. The determination of the shear strength parameters of the foundation materials for use in stability analyses and the type of stability analysis used are discussed. The use of effective shear strength parameters in the stability analyses required that the excess pore pressures developed in the foundation as the embankment was constructed be measured and 10 piezometers were installed in the foundation to provide the necessary pore pressure data. A comparison between the measured excess pore pressures and the excess pore pressures that a theoretical stress distribution indicated should have developed under the embankment load is included. Differences between the measured and theoretical pore pressures are noted particularly at the toe of the embankment slope. Stability analyses using the theoretical pore pressures gave higher safety factors than those obtained from analyses when compared with using the measured pore pressures. The only practical method of determining excess pore pressures caused by an applied load was concluded to be by instrumentation.
Stability analysis of a spaceframe structure
Creators: name: Oberti, Andrea Luca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two theories for the stability analysis of a spaceframe structure are presented: the first uses only Livesley stability functions, the second includes in addition the effects due to chord rotation and flexural end shortening of a member. The critical condition is defined by the load which makes the tangent stiffness matrix of the structure become singular. Three methods for obtaining the critical load are presented: determinant plot, Southwell plot, and load-deflection curves. The analysis is carried out for the plexiglass model of an actual conical spaceframe, made of glulam timber, and built for the storage of potash. The overall critical load for this structure is found to be in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results obtained in previous model tests. Some additional effects, such as geometric imperfections in the joint coordinates and different member end-fixity conditions are investigated. The concept of effective length for a member is introduced to present the results obtained by varying the height/span ratio of the structure. Finally some design suggestions are given for structures of this type. The analyses were made using spaceframe programs based on the stiffness method, modified to include stability effects. An IBM 360/67 computer was used for the calculations.
Anomalous behavior of the Debye temperature in Fe-rich Fe-Cr alloys
Creators: name: Costa, B. F. O.
name: Cieslak, J.
name: Dubiel, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Debye temperature, $Θ_D$, of Fe-rich Fe$_{100-x}$Cr$_x$ disordered alloys with $0\le x \le 22.3$ was determined from the temperature dependence of the central shift of Mössbauer spectra recorded in the temperature range of 60 -- 300 K. Its compositional dependence shows a maximum at $x \approx 5$ with a relative increase of $\sim 30$% compared to a pure iron. The composition at which the effect occurs correlates well with that at which several other quantities, e. g. the Curie temperature and the spin-wave stiffness coefficient, $D_0$, show their maxima, but the enhancement of $Θ_D$ is significantly greater and comparable with the enhancement of the hyperfine field (spin-density of itinerant $s$-like electrons) in the studied system. The results suggest that the electron-phonon interaction is important in this alloy system.
title: The Role of Cold Acclimatization on the Biogeography of the Mountain Chickadee (Parus gambeli) and the Juniper Titmouse (Parus ridgwayi)
Creators: name: Cooper, Sheldon J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Biogeographic patterns of animals are shaped by biotic interactions, such as competition, and by abiotic factors, such as climate. Mountain Chickadees (Parus gambeli) and Juniper Titmice (Parus ridgway) are permanent residents of regions of western North America and are ecologically similar, but have different northern range limits. l measured several physiological variables, including basal metabolic rate (BMR), peak metabolic rate (PMR = maximal thermogenic capacity), metabolic response to varying environmental temperature (MRT), evaporative water loss (EWL), and daily energy expenditure (DEE) for summer-and winter-acclimatized Mountain Chickadees and Juniper Titmice to determine if seasonal and interspecific variation in cold tolerance and thermogenic ability shape the northern range distribution of these two species. In addition, I examined the ecological consequences of nocturnal hypothermia and cavity roosting in seasonally acclimatized Mountain Chickadees and Juniper Titmice.
Winter birds tolerated colder test temperatures than summer birds for both species This improved cold tolerance was associated with a significant increase in PMR in winter chickadees (27.1 %) and titmice (114%) compared to summer. BMR was significantly higher in winter birds (16.0%) compared to summer birds for both species. BMR and PMR were significantly higher for chickadees compared to titmice in both summer and winter. Winter chickadees were able to withstand colder test temperatures than winter titmice. The Mountain Chickadee's lower critical temperature is lower than the Juniper Titmouse's in summer and in winter. The Mountain Chickadee's upper critical temperature is also lower than the Juniper Titmouse's and chickadees also had significantly higher evaporative water loss rates compared to titmice. Seasonal acclimatization in Mountain Chickadees involves insulatory as well as metabolic changes. For Juniper Titmice winter acclimatization appears to be primarily a metabolic process. The laboratory metabolism data for activity costs associated with DEE revealed that foraging energy requirements were not significantly higher than alert perching energy requirements. DEE was significantly higher (P
Abstract involutions of algebraic groups and of Kac-Moody groups
Creators: name: Köhl, Ralf
name: Horn, Max
name: Muhlherr, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E42, 51E24

description: Based on the second author's thesis in this article we provide a uniform treatment of abstract involutions of algebraic groups and of Kac-Moody groups using twin buildings, RGD systems, and twisted involutions of Coxeter groups. Notably we simultaneously generalize the double coset decompositions established by Springer and by Helminck-Wang for algebraic groups and by Kac-Wang for certain Kac-Moody groups, we analyze the filtration studied by Devillers-Muhlherr in the context of arbitrary involutions, and we answer a structural question on the combinatorics of involutions of twin buildings raised by Bennett-Gramlich-Hoffman-Shpectorov.
Halo Shape and Relic Density Exclusions of Sommerfeld-Enhanced Dark Matter Explanations of Cosmic Ray Excesses
Creators: name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Kaplinghat, Manoj
name: Yu, Hai-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter with Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation has been proposed to explain observed cosmic ray positron excesses in the 10 GeV to TeV energy range. We show that the required enhancement implies thermal relic densities that are too small to be all of dark matter. We also show that the dark matter is sufficiently self-interacting that observations of elliptical galactic dark matter halos exclude large Sommerfeld enhancement for light force carriers. Resonant Sommerfeld enhancement does not modify these conclusions, and the astrophysical boosts required to resolve these discrepancies are disfavored, especially when significant self-interactions suppress halo substructure.
description: 4 pages, discussion and references added, published version
title: Determination of effective electric conductivity of UFG/PEI-composites considering quantum mechanical tunnelling effects
Creators: name: Wissel, Sebastian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: The increased utilization of composite materials in recent years and concomitant struggles in optimizing their properties while avoiding unrequested properties directed attention to accurate material design. Due to their cost efficiency in parameter studies, Finite Element (FE) simulation could play an important role, if appropriate material models are evolved. In this work, quantum mechanical tunnelling is implemented as a user element in numerical simulations to investigate the electric properties of a composite of insulating matrix material (polyetherimide) and conducting spherical inclusions (exfoliated, unfunctionalized graphite). While the algorithm's functionality is proven by accordance with determined correlation length exponents with theoretical literature values, the utilization of a homogenization technique leads to reasonable effective conductivities of the composite material acknowledging the quality of the algorithm.
title: Using Network Models to Predict Steelhead Abundance, Middle Fork John Day, OR
Creators: name: Blanchard, Monica R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: In the management of threatened and endangered species, informed population estimates are essential to gage whether or not recovery goals are being met. In the case of Pacific salmonids, this evaluation often involves sampling a small subset of the population and scaling up to estimate larger distinct populations segments. This is made complicated by the fact that fish populations are not evenly distributed along riverscapes but respond to physical and biological stream properties at varying spatial extents. We used rapid assessment survey methods and the River Styles classification to explore fish-habitat relationships at a continuous network scale. Semi-continuous surveys were conducted across nine streams in the upper Middle Fork John Day River watershed and increased the number of sites surveyed eight-fold over other monitoring methods within the watershed. Using this increased sample size and continuous habitat metrics we improved watershed-wide steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance models.
We first validated the distinctions among River Styles through a classification analysis using physical metrics measured at the rapid assessment sites. Overall classification accuracy, using a combination of reach and landscape scale metrics, was 88.3% and suggested that River Style classification was identifying variations in physical morphology within the watershed that was quantifiable at the reach scale. Leveraging the continuous River Styles classification of physical habitat and a continuous model of primary production improved the prediction of steelhead abundance across the network. Using random forest regressions, a model that included only habitat metrics resulted in R2 = 0.34, while using the continuous variables improved the model accuracy greatly to R2 = 0.65. Random forest allowed for further investigation into the predictor variables through the analysis of the partial dependence plots and identified a gross primary production threshold, below which production might be limiting steelhead populations. This method also identified the rarest River Style surveyed within the watershed, Confined-Valley Step Cascade, as the morphology that had the largest marginal effect on steelhead. The inherent physical properties and boundary conditions unique to each River Style has the potential to inform fish-habitat relationships across riverscapes and improve abundance estimates on a continuous spatial scale.
Remarks on the method of modulus of continuity and the modified dissipative porous media equation
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65, 35Q35, 35Q86

description: We employ Besov space techniques and the method of modulus of continuity to obtain the global well-posedness of the modified Porous Media Equation.
description: This is the final version, accepted by JDE
title: Factors Influencing Farmers' Utilization of Auto-Guidance Technology in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Bleazard, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this descriptive-correlation study was to examine the variables associated with Northern Utah farmers’ adoption of auto-guidance technologies in alfalfa and corn silage production and determine training preferences. Participants in this study engaged in an experiential training session utilizing an auto-guidance system comparable to those available for use on their own farm. A survey was administered to identify autoguidance technology adoption and farmers’ preferences for related training. The majority of participants reported being male (f = 56, 98.2%). Half of the participants in this study (50.8%) indicated using auto-guidance technology in some form in their farming practices. Most attendees used auto-guidance technology with tractors (36.1%) and self-propelled windrowers (32.8%). Agricultural equipment businesses and Extension agents should help non-users to embrace new technology by using implementation statistics that include peer usage and management benefits.
Additional file 8 of Functional identification of two novel carbohydrate-binding modules of glucuronoxylanase CrXyl30 and their contribution to the lignocellulose saccharification
Creators: name: Liu, Jiawen
name: Zhu, Jingrong
name: Xu, Qian
name: Shi, Rui
name: Liu, Cong
name: Sun, Di
name: Liu, Weijie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 8: Sequences of the CBMs employed for constructing phylogenetic trees.
Exploring Functions for Common Phage Proteins
Creators: name: Rocheleau, Jessica
name: Mastropaolo, Matthew
name: Sunnen, C.
name: Beyer, Andrea
name: Ndolo, Thomas
name: Williams, Daniel
name: Saha, Sanghamitra
name: Dean, Natasha
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2020

description: This resource is designed to help students better understand the functions of common structural and enzymatic phage proteins, and to relate these functions to phage structure using electron micrographs, phage life cycles, and to phage genome architecture.
Deep or Traditional Learning for Technical DebtPrediction? Results from a Replication Study
Creators: name: De Carvalho Silva, Rogério
name: Vergilio, Silvia Regina
name: Farah, Paulo Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: replication studies
technical Debt
LSTM

description: Technical Debt (TD) is the debt the software development team takes when it chooses to do something that is easy to implement to meet a short-term goal but can have a negative impact in the future, increasing development effort and costs. However, TD estimation and measurement become inaccurate and difficult over time, what makes TD management challenging. In this scenario, predicting future TD values is fundamental. Existing approaches apply Machine Learning (ML) to predict different TD attributes such as faults, smells, and refactoring. The work of Tsoukalas et al., published in the Journal of Systems and Software, is a promising initiative. Such a work considers different TD attributes and 7 traditional Machine Learning(ML) algorithms. The results show that Linear Regularization models were able to fit and provide meaningful forecasts of TD evolution for shorter forecasting horizons, while the non-linear Random Forest regressor performed better than the linear models for longer forecasting horizons. But we conjecture that Deep Learning (DL) models may lead to better performance, since they were designed to deal properly with historical data. Considering these facts, in this work we replicate the study of Tsoukalas et al. by first rerunning the algorithms used in the original study and adopting the same dataset, design and implementation. We obtained similar results. After, we extended original work by using the same design and dataset, but now adopting a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network. The LSTM network presents better performance for medium horizons, in which they are competitive with the best traditional ML algorithms. Moreover, we discuss some implications of our findings to guide future research.
Simulation of the growth of the 3D Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Supernova Remnants using an expanding reference frame
Creators: name: Fraschetti, Federico
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Ballet, Jean
name: Decourchelle, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities generated by the deceleration of a supernova remnant during the ejecta-dominated phase are known to produce finger-like structures in the matter distribution which modify the geometry of the remnant. The morphology of supernova remnants is also expected to be modified when efficient particle acceleration occurs at their shocks. Aims: The impact of the Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities from the ejecta-dominated to the Sedov-Taylor phase is investigated over one octant of the supernova remnant. We also study the effect of efficient particle acceleration at the forward shock on the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. Methods: We modified the Adaptive Mesh Refinement code RAMSES to study with hydrodynamic numerical simulations the evolution of supernova remnants in the framework of an expanding reference frame. The adiabatic index of a relativistic gas between the forward shock and the contact discontinuity mimics the presence of accelerated particles. Results: The great advantage of the super-comoving coordinate system adopted here is that it minimizes numerical diffusion at the contact discontinuity, since it is stationary with respect to the grid. We propose an accurate expression for the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor structures that connects smoothly the early growth to the asymptotic self-similar behaviour. Conclusions: The development of the Rayleigh-Taylor structures is affected, although not drastically, if the blast wave is dominated by cosmic rays. The amount of ejecta that makes it into the shocked interstellar medium is smaller in the latter case. If acceleration occurs at both shocks the extent of the Rayleigh-Taylor structures is similar but the reverse shock is strongly perturbed.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics with minor editorial changes. Version with full resolution images can be found at http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~ffrasche/~12692.pdf
title: Beitrag zur Momenten-Auflager-Interaktion von Sandwichelementen
Creators: name: Engel, Alexander
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Sandwichelemente im Bauwesen werden vorwiegend als raumabschließende Dach- und Fassadenelemente im Industrie- und Hochbau eingesetzt. Da sie in der Regel als Mehrfeldträger verbaut werden, tritt an den Zwischenauflagern, bedingt durch die lokale Eindrückung aus der Auflagerkraft quer zur Bauteilachse, eine Reduktion der Biegetragfähigkeit auf. Die Bestimmung dieser reduzierten Knitterspannung erfolgt gegenwärtig ausschließlich versuchsgestützt mit Hilfe sog. Ersatzträgerversuche nach DIN EN 14509. Forschungsergebnisse zeigten Defizite hinsichtlich der dort verwendeten Randbedingungen auf, sodass die Biegetragfähigkeit überschätzt werden kann oder ungenutzte Reserven vorhanden sind. Ziel der Arbeit war daher die Entwicklung einer Momenten-Auflager-Interaktion, die eine realitätsnahe Bestimmung der reduzierten Knitterspannung ermöglicht. Die Untersuchungen wurden auf den Lastfall Querdruck und auf Sandwichelemente mit PU-Hartschaumkern begrenzt. Zur Erfüllung der Zielsetzung wurde sowohl ein analytischer Berechnungsansatz auf Basis von Spannungsnachweisen nach Theorie II. Ordnung der gebetteten Deckschicht als auch ein versuchsbasierter Interaktionsansatz verfolgt. Mit Hilfe einer breit aufgestellten Versuchsbasis und ergänzenden numerischen Parameterstudien an FE-Modellen wurden die relevanten Einflüsse auf die reduzierte Knitterspannung identifiziert sowie Rückschlüsse auf die Versagensmechanismen gezogen. Im Hinblick auf das analytische Berechnungsverfahren wurden zunächst Untersuchungen zur ungestörten (ideellen) Knitterspannung unter Berücksichtigung linierter Deckschichten sowie der Kerninhomogenität vorgenommen. Entwickelte Näherungslösungen zur ideellen Knitterspannung sowie deren Anwendung in einem analytischen Traglastmodell zeigten insgesamt gute Übereinstimmungen mit numerischen Vergleichsrechnungen. Mit Hilfe numerische Untersuchungen zur lokalen Eindrückung unter dem Zwischenauflager wurden relevante Einflüsse, wie z. B. das Auftreten von Randpressungen, herausgearbeitet. Ein daraus abgeleitetes analytisches Modell zeigte für größere Auflagerbreiten jedoch nur eine mäßige Übereinstimmung mit der Numerik. Auch der analytische Ansatz zur Berechnung der reduzierten Knitterspannung, welcher sich aus einer linearen Spannungsüberlagerung des Modells zur ungestörten Knitterspannung mit dem zur lokalen Eindrückung zusammensetzt, musste letztendlich aufgrund unzureichender Übereinstimmung mit numerischen Vergleichsrechnungen verworfen werden. Dahingegen stellte sich die entwickelte versuchsbasierte Interaktion, die mit Hilfe von zwei Ersatzträgerversuchen mit unterschiedlichen Spannweiten ermittelt werden kann und sich in den momentanen Zulassungsprozess einbinden lässt, als eine geeignete Methode zur Bestimmung der reduzierten Knitterspannung für den Lastfall Querdruck heraus.
Past and future drought in Mongolia
Creators: Hessl, Amy E.
Jelsema, Casey
Cook, Benjamin I.
Byambasuren, Oyunsanaa
Leland, Caroline Wogan
Nachin, Baatarbileg
Pederson, Neil
Tian, Hanqin
Andreu Hayles, Laia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Environmental sciences
Droughts
Drought forecasting
Climatic changes
Forests and forestry
Hydrology

description: The severity of recent droughts in semiarid regions is increasingly attributed to anthropogenic climate change, but it is unclear whether these moisture anomalies exceed those of the past and how past variability compares to future projections. On the Mongolian Plateau, a recent decade-long drought that exceeded the variability in the instrumental record was associated with economic, social, and environmental change. We evaluate this drought using an annual reconstruction of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) spanning the last 2060 years in concert with simulations of past and future drought through the year 2100 CE. We show that although the most recent drought and pluvial were highly unusual in the last 2000 years, exceeding the 900-year return interval in both cases, these events were not unprecedented in the 2060-year reconstruction, and events of similar duration and severity occur in paleoclimate, historical, and future climate simulations. The Community Earth System Model (CESM) ensemble suggests a drying trend until at least the middle of the 21st century, when this trend reverses as a consequence of elevated precipitation. Although the potential direct effects of elevated CO2 on plant water use efficiency exacerbate uncertainties about future hydroclimate trends, these results suggest that future drought projections for Mongolia are unlikely to exceed those of the last two millennia, despite projected warming.
title: Коммуникативные стратегии информационного общества
title: труды X Международной научно-теоретической конференции, 26-27 октября 2018 г.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: "Коммуникативные стратегии информационного общества", международная научно-теоретическая конференция (10; 2018; Санкт-Петербург)
Publisher: name: ПОЛИТЕХ-ПРЕСС
Year: 2018
Subjects: коммуникации
информационное общество
социальное управление

description: В публикуемых материалах обсуждаются особенности коммуникативного пространства современного социума, проблемы социального управления в информационном обществе, соотношение стратегий глобализации и коммуникации, особенности мотивации и манипуляции сознанием, образовательные и человеческие ресурсы в социотехнических системах. В центре внимания – коммуникативные практики, обращенные к человеческому фактору, выделяющие ресурсы рефлексии, убеждения, понимания, свободного выбора.
Carbon Dioxide Production Responsibility on the Basis of comparing in Situ and mean CO2 Atmosphere Concentration Data
Creators: name: Mavrodiev, S. Cht.
name: Pekevski, L.
name: Vachev, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method is proposed for estimation of regional CO2 and other greenhouses and pollutants production responcibility. The comparison of CO2 local emissions reduction data with world CO2 atmosphere data will permit easy to judge for overall effect in curbing not only global warming but also chemical polution.
A simple shear machine for soil
Creators: name: Pickering, D. J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The new shear machine enforces more uniform deformations than the conventional triaxial test. A low compliance pore pressure measuring device is an integral part of the machine. The machine described is capable of applying cyclic normal stress up to 1000 lb. per sq. in. and alternating cyclic shear stress up to ± 500 lb. per sq. in. Static loads can be taken 50 percent higher. The test specimen can be cut from an ordinary undisturbed drill hole sample, being 2 ins. square and 1 1/8 in. high. Height variation of ± 1/8 in. is permitted during testing, but there is no "dead" zone; the entire sample is subjected to the applied shear. An analytic solution is presented, for the boundary value problem of an anisotropic elastic sample in the tests to be described. This solution shows the variation of the stress field and deformations throughout the sample. For the benefit of any future simple shear machine designs, the theoretical relationship was also examined between the ratio of sample length to height and the uniformity of stresses and displacements within the sample. In comparing test results from the new machine with conventional triaxial tests, it was found that the measured strengths are different. Some of the results suggest that the triaxial test could over-estimate the strength of undrained sand. The difference between simple shear and triaxial conditions is, therefore, of more than theoretical interest. Liquefaction of undrained sand was readily induced by alternating shear in the new machine. It was found that liquefaction alters the structure of a sand sample, rendering it more susceptible to re-liquefaction.
title: Effects of Beef Finishing Diets and Muscle Type on Meat Quality, Fatty Acids and Volatile Compounds
Creators: name: Chail, Arkopriya
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Consumer evaluation, proximate data, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), fatty acid (FA) composition and volatile compounds were analyzed from the Longissimus thoracis (LT), Tricep brachii (TB) and Gluteus medius (GM) muscles finished on conventional feedlot (FL) and forages, including a perennial legume, birdsfoot trefoil (BFT; Lotus corniculatus), and a grass, meadow brome (Bromus riparius Rehmann, Grass). Representative retail forage (USDA Certified Organic Grass-fed, COGF) and conventional beef (USDA Top Choice, TC) were investigated (n = 6) for LT. Additionally, the effects of diet on Gluteus medius (GM) and Tricep brachii (TB) muscles were explored. Forage-finished beef scored lower (P < 0.05) in most of the affected sensory attributes except BFT which was similar to grain-finished beef. In forage-finished beef GM was more liked and in FL, TB was similar to GM except juiciness where it scored greater. The fat percent was found to be greatest (P < 0.05) in TC followed by BFT and FL. Nutritionally beneficial ratios of FAs were observed in forage-finished diet. Fatty acid concentrations were majorly affected (P ≤ 0.046) by diet. Few long-chain PUFAs were affected (P ≤ 0.015) by muscle type. No FA was a effected (P > 0.05) by the interaction of muscle and diet. 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, known to evoke a buttery sensation was affected (P = 0.011) by diet with greater (P < 0.05) concentration in GM across all diets. Strecker degradation products were affected (P ≤ 0.014) by muscle type being prominent in GM. Meanwhile, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-pyrazine was greatest (P < 0.05) in BFT. All pyrazine compounds were (P < 0.05) greater in GM. These results indicate that when consumer evaluated beef of finishing diets, FL beef was rated highly. Additionally, not all forages produce similar beef. There were similar ratings for BFT for all attributes except flavor having lower values compared with FL. The chemical composition of BFT beef was found to be intermediary and similar to both FL and Grass beef in many cases. Diet was found to interact with muscle for sensory and chemical measures. The GM and TB of FL did not differ (P < 0.05), while within forage treatments sensory response and chemical composition varied. These results indicate the meat quality of secondary beef muscles is more greatly impacted by forage diets.
title: High Resolution Multi-Spectral Imagery and Learning Machines in Precision Irrigation Water Management
Creators: name: Hassan-Esfahani, Leila
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The current study has been conducted in response to the growing problem of water scarcity and the need for more effective methods of irrigation water management. Remote sensing techniques have been used to match spatially and temporally distributed crop water demand to water application rates. Remote sensing approaches using Landsat imagery have been applied to estimate the components of a soil water balance model for an agricultural field by determining daily values of surface/root-zone soil moisture, evapotranspiration rates, and losses and by developing a forecasting model to generate optimal irrigation application information on a daily basis. Incompatibility of coarse resolution Landsat imagery (30m by 30m) with heterogeneities within the agricultural field and potential underestimation of field variations led the study to its main objective, which was to develop models capable of representing spatial and temporal variations within the agricultural field at a compatible resolution with farming management activities. These models support establishing real-time management of irrigation water scheduling and application. The
AggieAirTM Minion autonomous aircraft is a remote sensing platform developed by the Utah Water Research Laboratory at Utah State University. It is a completely autonomous airborne platform that captures high-resolution multi-spectral images in the visual, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands at 15cm resolution. AggieAir flew over the study area on four dates in 2013 that were coincident with Landsat overflights and provided similar remotely sensed data at much finer resolution. These data, in concert with state-of-the-art supervised learning machine techniques and field measurements, have been used to model surface and root zone soil volumetric water content at 15cm resolution. The information provided by this study has the potential to give farmers greater precision in irrigation water allocation and scheduling.
Basis of Diagonally Alternating Harmonic Polynomials for low degree
Creators: name: Bergeron, Nantel
name: Chen, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 14M99

description: Given a list of $n$ cells $L=[(p_1,q_1),...,(p_n, q_n)]$ where $p_i, q_i\in \textbf{Z}_{\ge 0}$, we let $Δ_L=\det |{(p_j!)^{-1}(q_j!)^{-1} x^{p_j}_iy^{q_j}_i} |$. The space of diagonally alternating polynomials is spanned by $\{Δ_L\}$ where $L$ varies among all lists with $n$ cells. For $a>0$, the operators $E_a=\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i\partial_{x_i}^a$ act on diagonally alternating polynomials and Haiman has shown that the space $A_n$ of diagonally alternating harmonic polynomials is spanned by $\{E_λΔ_n\}$. For $t=(t_m,...,t_1)\in \textbf{Z}_{> 0}^m$ with $t_m>...>t_1>0$, we consider here the operator $F_t=\det\big\|E_{t_{m-j+1}+(j-i)}\big\|$. Our first result is to show that $F_tΔ_L$ is a linear combination of $Δ_{L'}$ where $L'$ is obtained by {\sl moving} $\ell(t)=m$ distinct cells from $L$ in some determined fashion. This allows us to control the leading term of some elements of the form $F_{t_{(1)}}... F_{t_{(r)}}Δ_n$. We use this to describe explicit bases of some of the bihomogeneous components of $A_n=\bigoplus A_n^{k,l}$ where $A_n^{k,l}=\hbox{Span}\{E_λΔ_n :\ell(λ)=l, |λ|=k\}$. More precisely we give an explicit basis of $A_n^{k,l}$ whenever $k
description: To appear in JCT-A; 21 pages, one PDF figure
title: Measurement of the Neutron-Decay Lifetime of the 26O Ground State
Creators: name: Storck-Dutine, Sonja
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: The ground state of the two-neutron unbound nucleus 26 O has been speculated to have a rather long lifetime, in the picosecond regime, which would introduce potentially the first observation of a two-neutron radioactive decay. Previous measurements were able to place the lifetime at 6.5+4.6−4.8 ps (Z. Kohley et al., PRL, 110:152501, 2013.) and 7.2+3.5−4.1 ps (T. Redpath, PhD thesis, MSU, 2019.), though with large uncertainties. In order to determine the decay lifetime of the 26O ground state with high sensitivity and precision, a new method has been applied. The experiment presented in this work was performed at the Superconducting Analyzer for MUlti-particles from RAdio Isotope Beams (SAMURAI) at the Rare Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) at RIKEN, Japan. A 27F beam was produced in the fragment separator BigRIPS and impinged on a specially designed target, consisting of tungsten and platinum sheets, where 26O was produced via a proton-knockout reaction. Following its lifetime, 26O decayed into the 24O fragment and two neutrons all measured in coincidence. The observable used in the measurement, which is sensitive to the lifetime, was the velocity difference between the fragment and the neutrons. The ratio between the number of decays occurring inside and outside of the target sheets changes according to the lifetime, strongly affecting the shape of the spectrum. Thus, the measured velocity difference delivers a characteristic spectrum from which the lifetime can be extracted. The calibration and analysis techniques used in this work are presented in detail. In particular, a dedicated GEANT4 simulation was performed, where the full reaction process is modeled from the experimental setup with the lifetime as an input parameter. The proton knockout as well as the decay are considered, where the fragment recoil momentum is treated realistically according to theoretical calculations. Finally, the lifetime is extracted from the measured spectrum by comparison to simulated spectra. With this approach, a new upper limit on the 26O lifetime could be determined with τ < 2.8 ps at 5σ confidence level. A lifetime of τ = 0 ps lies within the 1σ uncertainties (τ < 0.9 ps) and therefore the observation of a two-neutron radioactivity of 26O cannot be confirmed.
�DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF MODIFIED PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID (PNAS) WITH IMPROVED PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FOR DNA, RNA AND MICRO RNA TARGETING�
Creators: name: THAKARE, PRAMOD RAMESH
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: The present dissertation is divided into four chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction to Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) its properties and its applications. The second chapter deals with the synthesis of modified PNAs with and without fluorescein isothiourea and its kinetic studies by using stopped-flow technique. The third chapter deals with the design, synthesis and characterization of functionalized PNAs with heterobifunctional linker and their conjugation with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for miRNA targeting. The fourth chapter deals with design and synthesis of modified thymine monomer PNA and homothymine decamer PNA sequence with gold(I) complexes for cellular imaging.
Additional file 1 of Water intake, hydration status and 2-year changes in cognitive performance: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Nishi, Stephanie K.
name: Babio, Nancy
name: Paz-Graniel, Indira
name: Serra-Majem, Lluís
name: Vioque, Jesús
name: Fitó, Montserrat
name: Corella, Dolores
name: Pintó, Xavier
name: Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora
name: Tur, Josep A.
name: Diez-Ricote, Laura
name: Martinez, J. Alfredo
name: Gómez-Martínez, Carlos
name: González-Botella, Andrés
name: Castañer, Olga
name: Alvarez-Sala, Andrea
name: Montesdeoca-Mendoza, Cristina
name: Fanlo-Maresma, Marta
name: Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi
name: Bouzas, Cristina
name: Daimiel, Lidia
name: Zulet, María Ángeles
name: Sievenpiper, John L.
name: Rodriguez, Kelly L.
name: Vázquez-Ruiz, Zenaida
name: Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Hydration and water intake definitions. Table S2. Associations between cognitive assessments and water and fluid intake exposures. Table S3. Associations between cognitive assessments and EFSA fluid intake related guidelines. Table S4. Associations between cognitive assessments and hydration status. Table S5. Sensitivity analysis in global cognitive function according to water and fluid intake related exposures Table S6. Sensitivity analysis in global cognitive function according to EFSA fluid intake related guidelines. Table S7. Sensitivity analysis in global cognitive function according to hydration status. Fig. S1. Flow diagram of participants. Fig. S2. Continuous sensitivity analysis by sex. Fig. S3. Categorical sensitivity analysis by sex.