cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The social responsibility of corporations in East Africa
Creators: name: Twinomukunzi, Charles Mureisya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The corporate social responsibility concept has, over a period of time, attracted many both in North America and Western Europe as evidenced by the literature on the subject. Although various suggestions have been made, no comprehensive reform has been undertaken and the debate continues. The thesis is an extension of this debate to the circumstances of East Africa. Drawing on reform proposals and practical examples in other countries, corporate law reform is discussed and related to the East African conditions. The thesis is divided in five chapters. Chapter I discusses the nature of the problem - disregard to society and human values by business organizations. The chapter focusses on the conceptual legal problems that are a result of legal history, the development of which aimed at individuals and not companies. The limited liability concept that has enhanced corporate social irresponsibility is discussed and the separation between ownership and control that makes it difficult to punish and control corporations is pointed out. A review of the debate on corporate social responsibility is followed by an assessment of the interest of the various groups (the shareholders, the employees, the consumers and the general public) in a company. The irresponsible activities of corporations, especially the multinational corporations (MNC) both in their mother countries and in the developing world are discussed. Finally, the chapter concludes with a call for corporate social responsibility if for nothing else, for the survival of the free enterprise system as an acceptable economic and political philosophy. Chapter II presents a case for worker-participation in corporate decision making as a means of extending political democracy beyond the factory gates. Worker participation is seen as a means of enabling workers to appreciate the value- of their labour and in the East African context, it is hoped this would enhance worker identification with national economic development strategies. In the final analysis, the aim is to improve industrial relations, avoid waste and promote efficiency in production and hence economic development in a healthy society. In Chapter III, the disclosure philosophy is seen as a means of policing corporations through an informed public, the investor and the government. Social audit is advocated as a means towards achieving the same objective. An extension of duties of the governing board of the corporation is discussed in Chapter IV and finally, in Chapter V, the reform proposals are related to the historic, economic and social circumstances of East Africa.
Energy Scales in the Raman spectrum of electrons and hole doped cuprates within competing scenarios
Creators: name: Valenzuela, B.
name: Bascones, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments in underdoped hole-doped cuprates have shown the presence of two energy scales in the Raman spectrum in the superconducting state. This feature has a natural explanation in some models in which pseudogap and superconductivity compete. In electron-doped cuprates antiferromagnetic correlations are believed to survive in the superconducting state, and to produce a pseudogap above the critical temperature. Contrary to hole-doped systems, in electron-doped compounds only one energy scale appear since the pair breaking Raman intensity peaks in both B$_{1g}$ (antinodal) and B$_{2g}$ (nodal) channels at a frequency of a few meV, typical of the superconducting order parameter. In this paper we analyze the different effect in the Raman spectrum of the competition between pseudogap and superconductivity in electron and hole-doped cuprates. The difference in energy scales in both systems is explained in terms of the different truncation of the Fermi surface induced by the pseudogap. For electron-doped cuprates we also analyze the spectrum with antiferromagnetism and a non-monotonic superconducting order parameter.
description: 7 pages, 4 postscript figures, minor changes in the text, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 replaced to better visualize them
Deep Learning for EEG Seizure Detection in Preterm Infants
Creators: name: OShea, Alison
name: Ahmed, Rehan
name: Lightbody, Gordon
name: Mathieson, Sean
name: Pavlidis, Elena
name: Lloyd, Rhodri
name: Pisani, Francesco
name: Marnane, Willian
name: Boylan, Geraldine
name: Temko, Andriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: EEG is the gold standard for seizure detection in the newborn infant, but EEG interpretation in the preterm group is particularly challenging; trained experts are scarce and the task of interpreting EEG in real-time is arduous. Preterm infants are reported to have a higher incidence of seizures compared to term infants. Preterm EEG morphology differs from that of term infants, which implies that seizure detection algorithms trained on term EEG may not be appropriate. The task of developing preterm specific algorithms becomes extra-challenging given the limited amount of annotated preterm EEG data available. This paper explores novel deep learning (DL) architectures for the task of neonatal seizure detection in preterm infants. The study tests and compares several approaches to address the problem: training on data from full-term infants; training on data from preterm infants; training on age-specific preterm data and transfer learning. The system performance is assessed on a large database of continuous EEG recordings of 575h in duration. It is shown that the accuracy of a validated term-trained EEG seizure detection algorithm, based on a support vector machine classifier, when tested on preterm infants falls well short of the performance achieved for full-term infants. An AUC of 88.3% was obtained when tested on preterm EEG as compared to 96.6% obtained when tested on term EEG. When re-trained on preterm EEG, the performance marginally increases to 89.7%. An alternative DL approach shows a more stable trend when tested on the preterm cohort, starting with an AUC of 93.3% for the term-trained algorithm and reaching 95.0% by transfer learning from the term model using available preterm data.
LaBaNiO4: A Fermi glass
Creators: name: Schilling, A.
name: DellAmore, R.
name: Karpinski, J.
name: Bukowski, Z.
name: Medarde, M.
name: Pomjakushina, E.
name: Mueller, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycrystalline samples of LaSr1-xBaxNiO4 show a crossover from a state with metallic transport properties for x = 0 to an insulating state as x -> 1. The end member LaBaNiO4 with a nominal nickel Ni 3d7 configuration might therefore be regarded as a candidate for an antiferromagnetic insulator. However, we do not observe any magnetic ordering in LaBaNiO4 down to 1.5 K, and despite its insulating transport properties several other physical properties of LaBaNiO4 resemble those of metallic LaSrNiO4. Based on an analysis of electrical and thermal-conductivity data as well as magnetic-susceptibility and low-temperature specific-heat measurements we suggest that LaBaNiO4 is a Fermi glass with a finite electron density of states at the Fermi level but these states are localized.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
A Compact and Interpretable Convolutional Neural Network for Cross-Subject Driver Drowsiness Detection from Single-Channel EEG
Creators: name: Cui, Jian
name: Lan, Zirui
name: Liu, Yisi
name: Li, Ruilin
name: Li, Fan
name: Sourina, Olga
name: Mueller-Wittig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Driver drowsiness is one of main factors leading to road fatalities and hazards in the transportation industry. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been considered as one of the best physiological signals to detect drivers drowsy states, since it directly measures neurophysiological activities in the brain. However, designing a calibration-free system for driver drowsiness detection with EEG is still a challenging task, as EEG suffers from serious mental and physical drifts across different subjects. In this paper, we propose a compact and interpretable Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to discover shared EEG features across different subjects for driver drowsiness detection. We incorporate the Global Average Pooling (GAP) layer in the model structure, allowing the Class Activation Map (CAM) method to be used for localizing regions of the input signal that contribute most for classification. Results show that the proposed model can achieve an average accuracy of 73.22% on 11 subjects for 2-class cross-subject EEG signal classification, which is higher than conventional machine learning methods and other state-of-art deep learning methods. It is revealed by the visualization technique that the model has learned biologically explainable features, e.g., Alpha spindles and Theta burst, as evidence for the drowsy state. It is also interesting to see that the model uses artifacts that usually dominate the wakeful EEG, e.g., muscle artifacts and sensor drifts, to recognize the alert state. The proposed model illustrates a potential direction to use CNN models as a powerful tool to discover shared features related to different mental states across different subjects from EEG signals.
The Origin of Intergalactic Light in Compact Groups of Galaxies
Creators: name: Henriksen, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of intergalactic light (IGL) in close groups of galaxies. IGL is hypothesized to be the byproduct of interaction and merger within compact groups. Comparing the X-ray point source population in our sample of compact groups that have intergalactic light with compact groups without IGL, we find marginal evidence for a small increase in ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). There is also a significant bias towards lower luminosity high mass X-ray binaries (HMXRBs). We interpret this as an indication that groups with visible IGL represent a later evolutionary phase than other compact groups. They have galaxies characterized by quenching of star formation (lower star formation rate (SFR) inferred from lower HMXRB luminosity) after stellar material has been removed from the galaxies into the intergalactic medium, which is the source of the IGL. We conclude that the presence of an increased fraction of ULXs is due to past interaction and mergers within groups that have IGL.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Spiral instabilities: little interaction with a live halo
Creators: name: Sellwood, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to address the question of whether spiral disturbances in galaxy discs are gravitationally coupled to the halo, we conduct simulations of idealized models of disc galaxies. We compare growth rates of spiral instabilities in identical mass models in which the halo is held rigid or is represented by particles drawn from an equilibrium distribution function. We examine cases of radial and azimuthal bias in the halo velocity ellipsoid in one of our models, and an isotropic velocity distribution in both. We find at most marginal evidence for an enhanced growth rate of spiral modes caused by a halo supporting response. We also find evidence for very mild dynamical friction between the spiral disturbance and the halo. We offer an explanation to account for the different behaviour between spiral modes and bar modes, since earlier work had found that bar instabilities became significantly more vigorous when a responsive halo was substituted for an equivalent rigid mass distribution. The barely significant differences found here justify the usual simplifying approximation of a rigid halo made in studies of spiral instabilities in galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to appear in MNRAS
Extraterrestrial nucleobases in the Murchison meteorite
Creators: name: Martins, Zita
name: Botta, Oliver
name: Fogel, Marilyn L.
name: Sephton, Mark A.
name: Glavin, Daniel P.
name: Watson, Jonathan S.
name: Dworkin, Jason P.
name: Schwartz, Alan W.
name: Ehrenfreund, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon-rich meteorites, carbonaceous chondrites, contain many biologically relevant organic molecules and delivered prebiotic material to the young Earth. We present compound-specific carbon isotope data indicating that measured purine and pyrimidine compounds are indigenous components of the Murchison meteorite. Carbon isotope ratios for uracil and xanthine of delta13C=+44.5per mil and +37.7per mil, respectively, indicate a non-terrestrial origin for these compounds. These new results demonstrate that organic compounds, which are components of the genetic code in modern biochemistry, were already present in the early solar system and may have played a key role in life's origin.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 2 of Telomerase subunit Est2 marks internal sites that are prone to accumulate DNA damage
Creators: name: Pandey, Satyaprakash
name: Hajikazemi, Mona
name: Zacheja, Theresa
name: Schalbetter, Stephanie
name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Hofmann, Andreas
name: Heermann, Dieter W.
name: Juranek, Stefan A.
name: Paeschke, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure S1. A Snapshots of IGV browser showing the presence of NTBS #1-4 in the yeast genome. B-F Bioinformatics’ analyses demonstrating the overlap of genomic features with the NTBS regions. P-value denotes statistical significance of their enrichment in the NTBS set between the features and NTBS regions. In B NTBS vs. G4s, C NTBS vs R-loops, D NTBS vs. Pif1-binding sites, E NTBS vs. DNA Pol2 sites in pif1-m2 cells, F NTBS vs. DNA Pol2 sites and G NTBS vs. γ-H2A-binding sites significantly overlapped with NTBS regions.
Are oxygen and neon enriched in PNe and is the current solar Ne/O abundance ratio underestimated?
Creators: name: Wang, W.
name: Liu, X. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough critical literature survey has been carried out for reliable measurements of oxygen and neon abundances of planetary nebulae (PNe) and HII regions. By contrasting the results of PNe and of HII regions, we aim to address the issues of the evolution of oxygen and neon in the interstellar medium (ISM) and in the late evolutionary phases of low- and intermediate-mass stars (LIMS), as well as the currently hotly disputed solar Ne/O abundance ratio. Through the comparisons, we find that neon abundance and Ne/O ratio increase with increasing oxygen abundance in both types of nebulae, with positive correlation coefficients larger than 0.75. The correlations suggest different enrichment mechanisms for oxygen and neon in the ISM, in the sense that the growth of neon is delayed compared to oxygen. The differences of abundances between PNe and HII regions, are mainly attributed to the results of nucleosynthesis and dredge-up processes that occurred in the progenitor stars of PNe. We find that both these alpha-elements are significantly enriched at low metallicity (initial oxygen abundance <= 8.0) but not at metallicity higher than the SMC. The fact that Ne/O ratios measured in PNe are almost the same as those in HII regions, regardless of the metallicity, suggests a very similar production mechanism of neon and oxygen in intermediate mass stars (IMS) of low initial metallicities and in more massive stars, a conjecture that requires verification by further theoretical studies. This result also strongly suggests that both the solar neon abundance and the Ne/O ratio should be revised upwards by ~0.22 dex from the Asplund, Grevesse & Sauval values or by ~0.14 dex from the Grevesse & Sauval values.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in MNRAS Letter
Modelling spin evolution of magnetars
Creators: name: Jawor, Jedrzej A.
name: Tauris, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin and fate of magnetars (young, extremely magnetized neutron stars, NSs) remain unsolved. Probing their evolution is therefore crucial for investigating possible links to other species of isolated NSs, such as the X-ray dim NSs (XDINSs) and rotating radio transients (RRATs). Here we investigate the spin evolution of magnetars. Two avenues of evolution are considered: one with exponentially decaying B-fields, the other with sub- and super-exponential decay. Using Monte Carlo methods, we synthesize magnetar populations using different input distributions and physical parameters, such as for the initial spin period, its time derivative and the B-field decay timescale. Additionally, we introduce a fade-away procedure that can account for the fading of old magnetars, and we briefly discuss the effect of alignment of the B-field and spin axes. Imposing the Galactic core-collapse supernova rate of ~20 kyr^-1 as a strict upper limit on the magnetar birthrate and comparing the synthetic populations to the observed one using both manual and automatic optimization algorithms for our input parameter study, we find that the B-field must decay exponentially or super-exponentially with a characteristic decay timescale of 0.5-10 kyr (with a best value of ~4 kyr). In addition, the initial spin period must be less than 2 sec. If these constraints are kept, we conclude that there are multiple choices of input physics that can reproduce the observed magnetar population reasonably well. We also conclude that magnetars may well be evolutionary linked to the population of XDINSs, whereas they are in general unlikely to evolve into RRATs.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, +appendices, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Constraining non-minimally coupled tachyon fields by Noether symmetry
Creators: name: de Souza, Rudinei C.
name: Kremer, Gilberto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for a spatially flat homogeneous and isotropic Universe whose gravitational sources are a pressureless matter field and a tachyon field non-minimally coupled to the gravitational field is analyzed. Noether symmetry is used to find the expressions for the potential density and for the coupling function, and it is shown that both must be exponential functions of the tachyon field. Two cosmological solutions are investigated: (i) for the early Universe whose only source of the gravitational field is a non-minimally coupled tachyon field which behaves as an inflaton and leads to an exponential accelerated expansion and (ii) for the late Universe whose gravitational sources are a pressureless matter field and a non-minimally coupled tachyon field which plays the role of dark energy and is the responsible of the decelerated-accelerated transition period.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
EFFECTIVE METHODS FOR DEVELOPING READING SKILLS ACROSS EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS
Creators: name: Ibrohimova, Ma'mura
name: Dadajonov, Oybek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article reviews evidence-based approaches for fostering reading proficiency. It emphasizes the interconnected roles of phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension strategies. It highlights the importance of explicit and systematic instruction. Adaptable to diverse learners, these methods aim to enhance decoding, language comprehension, and overall reading engagement.
Consistent lattice Boltzmann model for reactive mixtures
Creators: name: Sawant, N.
name: Dorschner, B.
name: Karlin, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) for chemically reactive mixtures is presented. The approach capitalizes on the recently introduced thermodynamically consistent LBM for multicomponent mixtures of ideal gases. Similar to the non-reactive case, the present LBM features Stefan--Maxwell diffusion of chemical species and a fully on-lattice mean-field realization of the momentum and energy of the flow. Besides introducing the reaction mechanism into the kinetic equations for the species, the proposed LBM also features a new realization of the compressible flow by using a concept of extended equilibrium on a standard lattice in three dimensions. The full thermodynamic consistency of the original non-reactive multicomponent LBM enables to extend the temperature dynamics to the reactive mixtures by merely including the enthalpy of formation in addition to the previously considered sensible energy. Furthermore, we describe in detail the boundary conditions to be used for reactive flows of practical interest. The model is validated against a direct numerical simulation of various burning regimes of a hydrogen/air mixture in a microchannel, in two and three dimensions. Excellent comparison in these demanding benchmarks indicates that the proposed LBM can be a valuable and universal model for complex reactive flows.
A distinct bosonic mode in an electron-doped high-transition-temperature superconductor
Creators: name: Niestemski, F. C.
name: Kunwar, S.
name: Zhou, S.
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Ding, H.
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Madhavan, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite recent advances in understanding high-transition-temperature (high-T c) superconductors, there is no consensus on the origin of the superconducting 'glue': that is, the mediator that binds electrons into superconducting pairs. The main contenders are lattice vibrations (phonons) and spin-excitations with the additional possibility of pairing without mediators. In conventional superconductors, phonon-mediated pairing was unequivocally established by data from tunnelling experiments. Proponents of phonons as the high-T c glue were therefore encouraged by the recent scanning tunnelling microscopy experiments on hole-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-delta (BSCCO) that reveal an oxygen lattice vibrational mode whose energy is anticorrelated with the superconducting gap energy scale. Here we report high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy measurements of the electron-doped high-T c superconductor Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4 (PLCCO) (T c = 24 K) that reveal a bosonic excitation (mode) at energies of 10.5 plus/minus 2.5 meV. This energy is consistent with both spin-excitations in PLCCO measured by inelastic neutron scattering (resonance mode) and a low-energy acoustic phonon mode, but differs substantially from the oxygen vibrational mode identified in BSCCO. Our analysis of the variation of the local mode energy and intensity with the local gap energy scale indicates an electronic origin of the mode consistent with spin-excitations rather than phonons.
Psichiatria per Professioni Sanitarie
Creators: name: Lia, Loredana
name: Serretti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: MED/25 Pschiatria

description: Il presente manuale offre una preparazione psichiatrica per gli operatori delle professioni sanitarie. Considerata la grande prevalenza di disturbi psichiatrici nella popolazione, appare importante avere le basi dei disturbi psichiatrici, dei trattamenti, delle strutture che configurano l'attività psichiatrica e dei diversi approcci da tenere nei confronti di persone affette da patologie psichiatriche.
Il manuale è diviso in capitoli specifici per consentire un rapido accesso alle informazioni necessarie.
Additional file 4 of Telomerase subunit Est2 marks internal sites that are prone to accumulate DNA damage
Creators: name: Pandey, Satyaprakash
name: Hajikazemi, Mona
name: Zacheja, Theresa
name: Schalbetter, Stephanie
name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Hofmann, Andreas
name: Heermann, Dieter W.
name: Juranek, Stefan A.
name: Paeschke, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure S2. Est2-binding to NTBS regions in absence of telomerase components TLC1 and Est1. A Cell cycle progression was monitored with flow cytometry and FACS analysis demonstrated the cell cycle stage of synchronized cells in wild type, tlc1Δ and est1Δ. B-D Est2-binding to NTBS #2-#4 in wild type (closed circles), tlc1Δ (open squares) and est1Δ (open triangles). A reproducible increase of Est2- NTBS-binding was observed in absence of tlc1 and est1 in independent replicates. The data plotted are standard mean ± SEM for n = 3 replicates.
FEDReD III : Unraveling the 3D structure of Vela
Creators: name: Hottier, C.
name: Babusiaux, C.
name: Arenou, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Vela complex is a region of the sky that gathers several stellar and interstellar structures in a few hundred square degrees. Aims. Gaia data now allows us to obtain a 3D view of the Vela interstellar structures through the dust extinction. Methods. We used the FEDReD (Field Extinction-Distance Relation Deconvolver) algorithm on near-infrared 2MASS data, cross-matched with the Gaia DR2 catalogue, to obtain a 3D cube of extinction density. We applied the FellWalker algorithm on this cube to locate clumps and dense structures. Results. We analysed 18 million stars on $450~\mathrm{deg}^2$ to obtain the extinction density of the Vela complex from 0.5 to 8~kpc at $\ell\in[250\degr,280\degr]$ and $b\in[$-10$\degr,5\degr]$. This cube reveals the complete morphology of known structures and relations between them. In particular, we show that the Vela Molecular Ridge is more likely composed by three substructures instead of four, as suggested by the 2D densities. These substructures form the shell of a large cavity. This cavity is visually aligned with the Vela supernova remnant but located at a larger distance. We provide a catalogue of location, distance, size and total dust content of ISM clumps that we extracted from the extinction density cube.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
H.E.S.S. Observations of the Prompt and Afterglow Phases of GRB 060602B
Creators: name: HESS Collaboration
name: Aharonian, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first completely simultaneous observation of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) using an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes which is sensitive to photons in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray range (>~100 GeV). On 2006 June 2, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) registered an unusually soft gamma-ray burst (GRB 060602B). The burst position was under observation using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) at the time the burst occurred. Data were taken before, during, and after the burst. A total of 5 hours of observations were obtained during the night of 2006 June 2-3, and 5 additional hours were obtained over the next 3 nights. No VHE gamma-ray signal was found during the period covered by the H.E.S.S. observations. The 99% confidence level flux upper limit (>1 TeV) for the prompt phase (9s) of GRB 060602B is 2.9x10^-9 erg cm^-2 s^-1. Due to the very soft BAT spectrum of the burst compared to other Swift GRBs and its proximity to the Galactic center, the burst is likely associated with a Galactic X-ray burster, although the possibility of it being a cosmological GRB cannot be ruled out. We discuss the implications of our flux limits in the context of these two bursting scenarios.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; ApJ in press
E3-brane instantons and baryonic operators for D3-branes on toric singularities
Creators: name: Forcella, Davide
name: Garcia-Etxebarria, Inaki
name: Uranga, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the couplings induced on the world-volume field theory of D3-branes at local toric Calabi-Yau singularities by euclidean D3-brane (E3-brane) instantons wrapped on (non-compact) holomorphic 4-cycles. These instantons produce insertions of BPS baryonic or mesonic operators of the four-dimensional ${\cal{N}}=1$ quiver gauge theory. We argue that these systems underlie, via the near-horizon limit, the familiar AdS/CFT map between BPS operators and D3-branes wrapped on supersymmetric 3-cycles on the 5d horizon. The relation implies that there must exist E3-brane instantons with appropriate fermion mode spectrum and couplings, such that their non-perturbative effects on the D3-branes induce operators forming a generating set for all BPS operators of the quiver CFT. We provide a constructive argument for this correspondence, thus supporting the picture.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures. v4: Published version
DDMF: An Efficient Decision Diagram Structure for Design Verification of Quantum Circuits under a Practical Restriction
Creators: name: Yamashita, Shigeru
name: Minato, Shin-ichi
name: Miller, D. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently much attention has been paid to quantum circuit design to prepare for the future "quantum computation era." Like the conventional logic synthesis, it should be important to verify and analyze the functionalities of generated quantum circuits. For that purpose, we propose an efficient verification method for quantum circuits under a practical restriction. Thanks to the restriction, we can introduce an efficient verification scheme based on decision diagrams called Decision Diagrams for Matrix Functions (DDMFs). Then, we show analytically the advantages of our approach based on DDMFs over the previous verification techniques. In order to introduce DDMFs, we also introduce new concepts, quantum functions and matrix functions, which may also be interesting and useful on their own for designing quantum circuits.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, to appear IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, Vol. E91-A, No.12
Additional file 5 of Telomerase subunit Est2 marks internal sites that are prone to accumulate DNA damage
Creators: name: Pandey, Satyaprakash
name: Hajikazemi, Mona
name: Zacheja, Theresa
name: Schalbetter, Stephanie
name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Hofmann, Andreas
name: Heermann, Dieter W.
name: Juranek, Stefan A.
name: Paeschke, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure S3. Canonical telomerase recruitment factors, Cdc13 and Ku7 0, do not bind to NTBS. A Cdc13-binding to four NTBS (#1-#4) and telomere VI-R was monitored by ChIP-qPCR in synchronous cultures. ChIP analysis of Cdc13 in different cell cycle stages did not show enrichment to NTBS regions. Data plotted are mean ± SEM) normalized to ARO1 levels at respective timepoints. B Cell cycle analysis was determined using flow cytometry. Representative graphs demonstrating different cell cycle stages after release from α-factor. C Cdc13 and D Ku70-binding to NTBS regions in undamaged (light grey bars) and damaging conditions (IR, dark grey bars). No statistically significant enrichment of Cdc13 and Ku70 was observed to NTBS regions. Data represented are mean ± standard error for n = 3 biological replicates. Statistical significance compared to untreated cells were determined using Student’s t-test. * p-value < 0.05.
Properties of the molecular gas in a starbursting QSO at z=1.83 in the COSMOS field
Creators: name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: Frayer, David T.
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Brusa, Marcella
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Smolcic, Vernesa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the IRAM 30m telescope, we have detected the CO J=2-1, 4-3, 5-4, and 6-5 emission lines in the millimeter-bright, blank-field selected AGN COSMOS J100038+020822 at redshift z=1.8275. The sub-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) excitation of the J=4 level implies that the gas is less excited than that in typical nearby starburst galaxies such as NGC253, and in the high-redshift quasars studied to date, such as J1148+5251 or BR1202-0725. Large velocity gradient (LVG) modeling of the CO line spectral energy distribution (CO SED; flux density vs. rotational quantum number) yields H2 densities in the range 10^{3.5}--10^{4.0} cm-3, and kinetic temperatures between 50 K and 200 K. The H2 mass of (3.6 - 5.4) x 10^{10} M_sun implied by the line intensities compares well with our estimate of the dynamical mass within the inner 1.5 kpc of the object. Fitting a two-component gray body spectrum, we find a dust mass of 1.2 x 10^{9} M_sun, and cold and hot dust temperatures of 42+/-5 K and 160+/-25 K, respectively. The broad MgII line allows us to estimate the mass of the central black hole as 1.7 x 10^{9} M_sun. Although the optical spectrum and multi-wavelength SED matches those of an average QSO, the molecular gas content and dust properties resemble those of known submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). The optical morphology of this source shows tidal tails that suggest a recent interaction or merger. Since it shares properties of both starburst and AGN, this object appears to be in a transition from a strongly starforming submillimeter galaxy to a QSO.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)
Staff Organizational Health Literacy Perceptions Survey
Creators: name: NATALIE KRUZLIAKOVA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified

description: Staff Organizational Health Literacy Perceptions Survey
The Large Scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy as Observed with Milagro
Creators: name: Abdo, A. A.
name: Allen, B. T.
name: Aune, T.
name: Berley, D.
name: Casanova, S.
name: Chen, C.
name: Dingus, B. L.
name: Ellsworth, R. W.
name: Fleysher, L.
name: Fleysher, R.
name: Gonzalez, M. M.
name: Goodman, J. A.
name: Hoffman, C. M.
name: Hopper, B.
name: Hüntemeyer, P. H.
name: Kolterman, B. E.
name: Lansdell, C. P.
name: Linnemann, J. T.
name: McEnery, J. E.
name: Mincer, A. I.
name: Nemethy, P.
name: Noyes, D.
name: Pretz, J.
name: Ryan, J. M.
name: Parkinson, P. M. Saz
name: Shoup, A.
name: Sinnis, G.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Sullivan, G. W.
name: Vasileiou, V.
name: Walker, G. P.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Yodh, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented of a harmonic analysis of the large scale cosmic-ray anisotropy as observed by the Milagro observatory. We show a two-dimensional display of the sidereal anisotropy pro jections in right ascension generated by the fitting of three harmonics to 18 separate declination bands. The Milagro observatory is a water Cherenkov detector located in the Jemez mountains near Los Alamos, New Mexico. With a high duty cycle and large field-of-view, Milagro is an excellent instrument for measuring this anisotropy with high sensitivity at TeV energies. The analysis is conducted using a seven year data sample consisting of more than 95 billion events, the largest such data set in existence. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for cosmic rays with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of depth (2.49 +/- 0.02 stat. +/- 0.09 sys.)x10^(-3) in the direction of the Galactic North Pole centered at 189 degrees right ascension. We observe a steady increase in the magnitude of the signal over seven years.
description: 36 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ
Additional file 6 of Telomerase subunit Est2 marks internal sites that are prone to accumulate DNA damage
Creators: name: Pandey, Satyaprakash
name: Hajikazemi, Mona
name: Zacheja, Theresa
name: Schalbetter, Stephanie
name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Hofmann, Andreas
name: Heermann, Dieter W.
name: Juranek, Stefan A.
name: Paeschke, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure S4. Est-NTBS interaction is independent of regulatory factors, Pif1, Mlh1, R-loops, heterochromatin stage and Sir4. Est2-binding to NTBS regions (NTBS#1-#4) in wild type (grey bars) and absence of regulatory factors (white bars) A Est2-NTBS-binding was evaluated using ChIP-qPCR in pif1-m2 cells that express reduced nuclear Pif1, negative regulator of telomerase. No significant change was observed in pif1-m2 cells (dark grey bars) compared to wild type condition (light grey bars). B R-Loops were resolved using overexpression of RNAseH1 plasmid (RNH1) (dark grey bars) compared to wild type condition (light grey bars). C ChIP-qPCR of Est2-NTBS-binding in mlh1∆ (suppressor of genomic telomere insertions) cells (dark grey bars) compared to wild type condition (light grey bars). D Est2-NTBS interaction in sir4∆ cells (dark grey bars) compared to wild type condition (light grey bars). No statistically significant enrichment to NTBS sites were observed for all the tested conditions. E Est2-NTBS interaction in sin3∆ (component of histone deacetylase complexes) cells (dark grey bars) compared to wild type condition (light grey bars). No statistically significant enrichment to NTBS sites were observed for all the tested conditions. Data represented are mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was calculated in comparison to ARO1 levels for n = 3 biological replicates and determined using Student's t-test. No statistically significant enrichment to NTBS sites were observed for all the tested conditions.
Purity sieve for models with factorizable interactions
Creators: name: Lychkovskiy, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of purity in case of factorizable interaction between an open system and an environment is investigated. We derive a simple expression for purity decrease at the first instants of evolution (when purity is close to unity). We find that purity at very small times is maximal when an initial state of an open system coincides with one of the eigenstates of the interaction operator, no matter how weak the interaction is. On the other hand it is widely known that in general eigenstates of the interaction are not pointer states. Therefore the procedure of selecting pointer states by purity maximization (known as "purity sieve") should not rely on short-time purity behavior. We propose a modification of the purity sieve criterion which approximately takes into account purity evolution at longer times. As an example of its applicability we recover known results for pointer states of a particle undergoing quantum Brownian motion; we point out that the criterion is not applicable for some other models, however. It is argued that the proposed modified purity sieve may be used for selecting pointer states of a particle undergoing decoherence through collisions.
description: presented at the Fourth International Workshop DICE-2008, Castiglioncello (Tuscany), September 22-26
Meta-HAR: Federated Representation Learning for Human Activity Recognition
Creators: name: Li, Chenglin
name: Niu, Di
name: Jiang, Bei
name: Zuo, Xiao
name: Yang, Jianming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human activity recognition (HAR) based on mobile sensors plays an important role in ubiquitous computing. However, the rise of data regulatory constraints precludes collecting private and labeled signal data from personal devices at scale. Federated learning has emerged as a decentralized alternative solution to model training, which iteratively aggregates locally updated models into a shared global model, therefore being able to leverage decentralized, private data without central collection. However, the effectiveness of federated learning for HAR is affected by the fact that each user has different activity types and even a different signal distribution for the same activity type. Furthermore, it is uncertain if a single global model trained can generalize well to individual users or new users with heterogeneous data. In this paper, we propose Meta-HAR, a federated representation learning framework, in which a signal embedding network is meta-learned in a federated manner, while the learned signal representations are further fed into a personalized classification network at each user for activity prediction. In order to boost the representation ability of the embedding network, we treat the HAR problem at each user as a different task and train the shared embedding network through a Model-Agnostic Meta-learning framework, such that the embedding network can generalize to any individual user. Personalization is further achieved on top of the robustly learned representations in an adaptation procedure. We conducted extensive experiments based on two publicly available HAR datasets as well as a newly created HAR dataset. Results verify that Meta-HAR is effective at maintaining high test accuracies for individual users, including new users, and significantly outperforms several baselines, including Federated Averaging, Reptile and even centralized learning in certain cases.
Additional file 7 of Telomerase subunit Est2 marks internal sites that are prone to accumulate DNA damage
Creators: name: Pandey, Satyaprakash
name: Hajikazemi, Mona
name: Zacheja, Theresa
name: Schalbetter, Stephanie
name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Hofmann, Andreas
name: Heermann, Dieter W.
name: Juranek, Stefan A.
name: Paeschke, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Figure S5. HR connection to Est2-NTBS interaction and schematic of telomere healing assay. A Est2-binding to NTBS regions in wild type (light grey bars) and in absence of Rad52 (dark grey bars). Bars represent mean ± standard error mean for n = 3 biological replicates. The significance was calculated between wild type and rad52Δ cells using Student’s t-test. * p-value < 0.05. B Telomere healing assay description. NTBS regions cloned adjacent to HO site were subjected to HO cleavage to create a double stranded break. Lysine (LYS2) marker was lost upon telomere addition and retained if the break was repaired.
THE IMPACT OF PHONETICS TRAINING ON YOUNG LEARNERS' PRONUNCIATION
Creators: name: Dadajonov, Oybek
name: Hamidjonova, Dilshoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article explores the impact of phonetics training on the pronunciation development of young learners in second language acquisition. It highlights the significance of phonetics instruction in improving learners' ability to accurately produce speech sounds, focusing on methods such as auditory discrimination exercises, minimal pair drills, and articulatory training. The article also examines effective teaching strategies, including explicit phonetic instruction, phonetic transcription, and the use of technology, such as speech recognition software and visual feedback tools. Despite its benefits, phonetics training faces challenges, including learners' reluctance to practice, difficulties with complex sounds, and limited resources. Solutions to these challenges are explored, such as creating supportive learning environments, integrating modern technological tools, and ensuring accessibility through digital platforms.
Tight focusing of plane waves from micro-fabricated spherical mirrors
Creators: name: Goldwin, J.
name: Hinds, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a formula for the light field of a monochromatic plane wave that is truncated and reflected by a spherical mirror. Our formula is valid even for deep mirrors, where the aperture radius approaches the radius of curvature. We apply this result to micro-fabricated mirrors whose size scales are in the range of tens to hundreds of wavelengths, and show that sub-wavelength spot sizes can be achieved. This opens up the possibility of scalable arrays of tightly focused optical dipole traps without the need for high-performance optical systems.
description: 8 pages, 5 color figures, 1 .sty file; changes made in response to referee comments; published in Optics Express