cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Surgical Patients Undergoing Short-Term Catheterization at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Jyotiranjan, Mohapatra
name: Snigdharani, Choudhury
name: Rakesh Ranjan, Swain
name: Sashibhusan, Dash
Publisher: name: Annals of Medicine and Medical Sciences
Year: 2024
Subjects: Urinary tract infection
Catheter
Tertiary care

description: Background: Urinary catheters pose a potential risk of introducing infections in the urinary system. We aim to assess the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in surgical patients, observe catheterization practices, identify risk factors, and explore preventive measures to improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of CAUTI. Methods: This retrospective study analyzes patient records from a tertiary care institute, examining demographics, catheterization duration, underlying health conditions, and microbial profiles. Results: A total of 198 patients admitted to our surgical ward underwent catheterization, of which 121 met the inclusion criteria (54 males, 67 females). Twelve patients (8 female, 4 male) developed positive urine cultures on day 3 of catheterization, with 10 experiencing UTI symptoms. The most common organism isolated was E. coli (7/12), followed by Klebsiella sp. (2/19), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1/19), Enterococcus sp. (1/12), and Staphylococcus aureus (1/19). Conclusion: CAUTI is a cause for significant patient morbidity during hospital stay, incurring heavy costs on the patients, hospitals and also placing unnecessary burden on government. insurance schemes. Proper preventive measures and personnel training is necessary to reduce the morbidity associated with urinary catheters and improve patient care.
Host galaxies of high-redshift quasars: supermassive black hole growth and feedback
Creators: name: Valentini, Milena
name: Gallerani, Simona
name: Ferrara, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of quasar-host galaxies might be determined by the growth and feedback of their supermassive (SMBH, $10^{8-10}$ M$_{\odot}$) black holes. We investigate such connection with a suite of cosmological simulations of massive (halo mass $\approx 10^{12}$ M$_{\odot}$) galaxies at $z\simeq 6$ which include a detailed sub-grid multiphase gas and accretion model. BH seeds of initial mass $10^5$ M$_{\odot}$ grow mostly by gas accretion, and become SMBH by $z=6$ setting on the observed $M_{\rm BH} - M_{\star}$ relation without the need for a boost factor. Although quasar feedback crucially controls the SMBH growth, its impact on the properties of the host galaxy at $z=6$ is negligible. In our model, quasar activity can both quench (via gas heating) or enhance (by ISM over-pressurization) star formation. However, we find that the star formation history is insensitive to such modulation as it is largely dominated, at least at $z>6$, by cold gas accretion from the environment that cannot be hindered by the quasar energy deposition. Although quasar-driven outflows can achieve velocities $> 1000~\rm km~s^{-1}$, only $\approx 4$% of the outflowing gas mass can actually escape from the host galaxy. These findings are only loosely constrained by available data, but can guide observational campaigns searching for signatures of quasar feedback in early galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Comments welcome
title: Modeling the Early Visual System
Creators: name: Lanning, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 2.2
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: There are two encoding schema present in simple cells in the early visual system of vertebrates: the retinal simple cells activate highly when the receptive field contains a center surround stimulus, while the primary visual cortex’s (V1) simple cells activate highly when the receptive field contains visual edges. Work has been done in the past to enforce constraints on visual machine learning such that the retinal or V1 encoding is learned, but this work is often done to emulate retinal and V1 encoding in a vacuum. Recent work using convolutional neural networks focuses on anatomical constraints along with a supervised objective for training the network to explain the emergent representations of retina and V1 in vertebrates. The model dismisses observations made by other models of retinal processing where robustness to noise and coding efficiency are considered. Moreover, the use of a convolutional architecture explicitly enforce spatial equivariance in the features, which can limit the emergence of other relevant features. Here, we explore a more flexible model. We propose the EVSNet, a fully-connected neural network which learns retinal and V1 features. To analyze the representations learned with this network, we propose a measure called the orientedness to quantitatively discern expected retinal features from expected V1 features.
description: 2023 Nicholas Lanning
Ovarian and testicular ripening process, reproductive season and size at maturity in Octopus hubbsorum (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae)
Creators: name: Domínguez-Contreras, José F.
name: Arellano-Martínez, Marcial
name: Rosas, Carlos
name: Ceballos-Vázquez, Bertha P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper contributes to the knowledge of the reproductive biology of Octopus hubbsorum Berry 1953. Its reproductive season in Bahía Magdalena, Baja California Sur ranges from May to October. The increase of gonadosomatic index in females coupled with the decline in Guerra’s index and the increase in oocyte diameter in May and September were indicative of spawning. The total sex ratio was 1:1; males were larger than females. Females reach sexual maturity at 119.7 mm of dorsal mantle length and 628.6 g of total weight. This paper also addressed different aspects on reproductive studies, allowing the identification of the type of gonadal development as a group-synchronous type and the transition from physiological to functional maturity, in both qualitative and quantitative terms (proportion of oocyte stages). Detailed descriptions of the oogenesis/folliculogenesis stages of O. hubbsorum are presented with detailed photographs (in Supplemental online material).
Sexual reproduction by diploid populations from the Lumbriculus complex (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae) is extensive and seasonal
Creators: name: Tweeten, Kay A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: While collecting Lumbriculus from natural habitats for karyotyping, several sexually mature specimens were observed. This was unexpected since the scientific literature describes sexual reproduction in Lumbriculus as rare. To document this sexual reproduction, worms determined by genetic and morphological analysis to be diploid Lumbriculus were collected weekly in 2010, 2011, and 2018 from early spring through late fall. Worms were visually examined for reproductive structures and maintained in the laboratory where cocoon production was monitored. Worms collected from mid-April through mid-August produced cocoons for about one week, indicating that sexual reproduction was seasonal. Histological analysis revealed reproductive structures including atria, spermathecae containing sperm, testes, ovaries, sperm sacs, and eggs. The paradigm-shifting finding was that, rather than rarely being found, over 60% of Lumbriculus collected from the habitats throughout the summer were sexually mature. Mating experiments suggested that for cocoon production to occur, sperm was transferred between worms. Laboratory-maintained Lumbriculus showed degeneration of reproductive structures except for gonads. Following amputation, regeneration of reproductive structures was limited to gonads. Access to sexually reproducing populations of Lumbriculus in several natural habitats opens new avenues of research, ranging from comparison of gene expression in asexually and sexually reproducing worms to studies on embryonic development.
Das Recht der Datentreuhänder
Creators: name: Möslein, Florian
name: Omlor, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Daten
Datentreuhänder
Recht
Wirtschaftsrecht
Datenwirtschaftsrecht
Datentransaktion
data
data trustee
law
economic law
economic data law
data transaction
HeFDI Data Talk

description: Um Datenmärkte zu ermöglichen und Vertrauen in den Datenaustausch zu schaffen bzw. zu vergrößern, verfolgt die EU insbesondere mit dem Data Governance Act das Ziel, die Entstehung vertrauenswürdiger Datentreuhänder zu fördern. Mit der EuroDaT GmbH, die vom Land Hessen gegründet worden ist (https://www.eurodat.org/), ist kürzlich ein erster solcher Intermediär für Finanzdaten entstanden. Infolge der breitflächigen Förderung einer vernetzten Dateninfrastruktur für ein europäisches digitales Ökosystem im Rahmen der Gaia-X-Förderung sind ähnliche Entwicklungen auch in zahlreichen weiteren Sektoren absehbar. Der Vortrag beleuchtet den gesellschafts- und vertragsrechtlichen Rahmen solcher Datentreuhänder.
description: Die HeFDI Data Talks sind eine zweiwöchentliche offene Informations- und Diskussionsveranstaltung rund um das Thema Datenmanagement im Wissenschaftskontext, in deren Rahmen sich einschlägige NFDI-Konsortien sowie Forschungsdatenmanagements-Dienste vorstellen. Die Reihe diskutiert aktuelle Themen und stellt zahlreiche – auch lokale und regionale – Tools und Services vor.
description: Angeboten werden die HeFDI Data Talks von der Landesinitiative HeFDI - Hessische Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen, welche vom Hessisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Kunst und Kultur (HMWK) finanziert wird.
Development of a landscape rehabilitation management model using a case study approach
Creators: name: Peepre, Juri
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Landscape rehabilitation has evolved relatively recently in response to environmental concerns arising from surface mining, construction of linear corridors such as highways and transmission lines, and other large scale engineering projects such as dams, ski developments, or resource exploration. Landscape degradation in heavily used park and recreation sites, and rehabilitation of derelict urban open space also constitute an important aspect of study. Research efforts have been directed largely toward technical solutions of specific site problems, while comparatively little work has approached the larger question of rehabilitation within the context of managing landscape resources. The thesis postulates that a management model including a broad range of variables will result in an improved rehabilitation process and a more rational treatment of disturbed land. The method of investigation includes three component parts; a literature review, case studies, and the development of a rehabilitation management model. Three major case study sites in distinct biogeoclimatic zones within Canada's National Parks were examined to illustrate the methods employed in different rehabilitation projects; the scope of project, site characteristics and rehabilitation methods are described and assessed. Monitoring plots were established to facilitate observation of plant material success and post-rehabilitation recreational or other impacts. Observations over two growing seasons showed moderate but inconsistent plant material survival rates. The rehabilitation techniques in each of the study areas were found to be effective, while deficiencies in management, maintenance and monitoring practices were the primary causes of failure. The planning, design, and implementation processes were important contributing factors. An analysis of the case studies is combined with the established information presented in the literature review to evolve a landscape rehabilitation management model. The model proposes an organized system of variables to consider during the rehabilitation process from land management objectives through site investigation and design, to implementation. The critical phases of maintenance, monitoring and review are stressed, while the model structure emphasizes the interrelationships within the process. Landscape rehabilitation planning must encompass a full range of technical components yet function within a given administrative and management framework.
Strongly Constrained and Appropriately Normed Semilocal Density Functional
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
physics.chem-ph

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. © 2015 American Physical Society. The ground-state energy, electron density, and related properties of ordinary matter can be computed efficiently when the exchange-correlation energy as a functional of the density is approximated semilocally. We propose the first meta-generalized-gradient approximation (meta-GGA) that is fully constrained, obeying all 17 known exact constraints that a meta-GGA can. It is also exact or nearly exact for a set of "appropriate norms," including rare-gas atoms and nonbonded interactions. This strongly constrained and appropriately normed meta-GGA achieves remarkable accuracy for systems where the exact exchange-correlation hole is localized near its electron, and especially for lattice constants and weak interactions.
ศักยภาพของจุลินทรีย์เอ็นโดไฟติกที่แยกได้จากต้นสาบเสือ (Eupotorium odortum L.) ที่ต้านทานต่อแคดเมียม (Potential of Endophytic Microorganism Isolated from Siam Weed (Eupotorium odortum L.)
Resistant Cadmium)
Creators: name: อรสิริ ศิริพันธุ์
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2013
Subjects: cadmium, endophytic microorganisms, cadA genes, smtAB genes, phytoremediation

description: S1 (Special Issue 1), S.1, Thai Journal of Genetics
A high pitch angle structure in the Sagittarius Arm
Creators: name: Kuhn, M. A.
name: Benjamin, R. A.
name: Zucker, C.
name: Krone-Martins, A.
name: de Souza, R. S.
name: Castro-Ginard, A.
name: Ishida, E. E. O.
name: Povich, M. S.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: In spiral galaxies, star formation tends to trace features of the spiral pattern, including arms, spurs, feathers, and branches. However, in our own Milky Way, it has been challenging to connect individual star-forming regions to their larger Galactic environment owing to our perspective from within the disk. One feature in nearly all modern models of the Milky Way is the Sagittarius Arm, located inward of the Sun with a pitch angle of ~12 deg. Aims: We map the 3D locations and velocities of star-forming regions in a segment of the Sagittarius Arm using young stellar objects (YSOs) from the Spitzer/IRAC Candidate YSO (SPICY) catalog to compare their distribution to models of the arm. Methods: Distances and velocities for these objects are derived from Gaia EDR3 astrometry and molecular line surveys. We infer parallaxes and proper motions for spatially clustered groups of YSOs and estimate their radial velocities from the velocities of spatially associated molecular clouds. Results: We identify 25 star-forming regions in the Galactic longitude range l~4.0-18.5 deg arranged in a narrow, ~1 kpc long linear structure with a high pitch angle of $ψ= 56$ deg and a high aspect ratio of ~7:1. This structure includes massive star-forming regions such as M8, M16, M17, and M20. The motions in the structure are remarkably coherent, with velocities in the direction of Galactic rotation of $240\pm3$ km/s (slightly higher than average) and slight drifts toward the Galactic center (-4.3 km/s) and in the negative Z direction (-2.9 km/s). The rotational shear experienced by the structure is 4.6 km/s/kpc. Conclusions: The observed 56 deg pitch angle is remarkably high for a segment of the Sagittarius Arm. We discuss possible interpretations of this feature as a substructure within the lower pitch angle Sagittarius Arm, as a spur, or as an isolated structure.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Super-leading logarithms in non-global observables in QCD: Colour basis independent calculation
Creators: name: Forshaw, J. R.
name: Kyrieleis, A.
name: Seymour, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we reported the discovery of super-leading logarithmic terms in a non-global QCD observable. In this short update we recalculate the first super-leading logarithmic contribution to the 'gaps between jets' cross-section using a colour basis independent notation. This sheds light on the structure and origin of the super-leading terms and allows them to be calculated for gluon scattering processes for the first time.
description: 21 pages
Conformational fluidity of intrinsically disordered proteins in crowded environment: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Shult, Carolyn
name: Gunderson, Keegan
name: Coffey, Stephen J.
name: McNally, Brenya
name: Brandt, Michael
name: Smith, Lucille
name: Steczynski, Joshua
name: Olerich, Ethan R.
name: Schroeder, Sydney E.
name: Severson, Nathaniel J.
name: Hati, Sanchita
name: Bhattacharyay, Sudeep
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: The class of intrinsically disordered proteins lacks stable three-dimensional structures. Their flexibility allows them to engage in a wide variety of interactions with other biomolecules thus making them biologically relevant and efficient. The intrinsic disorders of these proteins, which undergo binding-induced folding, allow alterations in their topologies while conserving their binding sites. Due to the lack of well-defined three-dimensional structures in the absence of their physiological partners, the folding and the conformational dynamics of these proteins remained poorly understood. Particularly, it is unclear how these proteins exist in the crowded intracellular milieu. In the present study, molecular dynamic simulations of two intrinsically unstructured proteins and two controls (folded proteins) were conducted in the presence and absence of molecular crowders to obtain an in-depth insight into their conformational flexibility. The present study revealed that polymer crowders stabilize the disordered proteins through enthalpic as well as entropic effects that are significantly more than their monomeric counterpart. Taken together, the study delves deep into crowding effects on intrinsically disordered proteins and provides insights into how molecular crowders induce a significantly diverse ensemble of dynamic scaffolds needed to carry out diverse functions.
Double spin asymmetries of inclusive hadron electroproduction from a transversely polarized He 3 target
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: nucl-ex
hep-ex
hep-ph

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. We report the measurement of beam-target double spin asymmetries (A LT) in the inclusive production of identified hadrons, e + 3 He → h + X, using a longitudinally polarized 5.9-GeV electron beam and a transversely polarized He 3 target. Hadrons (π ±, K ±, and proton) were detected at 16 with an average momentum P h = 2.35 GeV/c and a transverse momentum (p T) coverage from 0.60 to 0.68 GeV/c. Asymmetries from the He 3 target were observed to be nonzero for π ± production when the target was polarized transversely in the horizontal plane. The π + and π - asymmetries have opposite signs, analogous to the behavior of A LT in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering.
Kaempferol as a novel inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Creators: name: Medoro, Alessandro
name: Benedetti, Francesca
name: Intrieri, Mariano
name: Jafar, Tassadaq Hussain
name: Ali, Sawan
name: Trung, Truong Tan
name: Passarella, Daniela
name: Ismail, Saba
name: Zella, Davide
name: Scapagnini, Giovanni
name: Davinelli, Sergio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has quickly become a global health pandemic. Among the viral proteins, RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is responsible for viral genome replication and has emerged as a promising target against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Dietary bioactive compounds represent an important source of evolutionarily optimized molecules with antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. We investigated the inhibitory potential effects of different phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, including andrographolide, kaempferol, resveratrol, and silibinin. Unlike the other investigated compounds, kaempferol exhibited a significant dose-dependent in vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp activity. To assess the binding interactions and stability of the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp-kaempferol complex, we performed in silico techniques, including molecular docking, quantum chemical calculation, and molecular dynamics simulations. We found strong binding affinities and stability between kaempferol and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp variants (Wuhan and Omicron). These findings provide valuable insights into the antiviral properties of kaempferol as a stable inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp.
Beam-energy-dependent two-pion interferometry and the freeze-out eccentricity of pions measured in heavy ion collisions at the STAR detector
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. We present results of analyses of two-pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV measured in the STAR detector as part of the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider Beam Energy Scan program. The extracted correlation lengths (Hanbury-Brown-Twiss radii) are studied as a function of beam energy, azimuthal angle relative to the reaction plane, centrality, and transverse mass (mT) of the particles. The azimuthal analysis allows extraction of the eccentricity of the entire fireball at kinetic freeze-out. The energy dependence of this observable is expected to be sensitive to changes in the equation of state. A new global fit method is studied as an alternate method to directly measure the parameters in the azimuthal analysis. The eccentricity shows a monotonic decrease with beam energy that is qualitatively consistent with the trend from all model predictions and quantitatively consistent with a hadronic transport model.
Letter from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, Tuesday, [July 26, 1955]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. In this letter, Raine discusses poetry and literary social connections.
Redesigning the kinetics of lysozyme amyloid aggregation by cephalosporin molecules
Creators: name: Muthu, Shivani A.
name: Qureshi, Afnaan
name: Sharma, Rahul
name: Bisaria, Ishita
name: Parvez, Suhel
name: Grover, Sonam
name: Ahmad, Basir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In lysozyme amyloidosis, fibrillar aggregates of lysozyme are associated with severe renal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal manifestations, with no definite therapy. Current drugs are now being tested in amyloidosis clinical trials as aggregation inhibitors to mitigate disease progression. The tetracycline group among antimicrobials in use is in phase II of clinical trials, whereas some macrolides and cephalosporins have shown neuroprotection. In the present study, two cephalosporins, ceftazidime (CZD) and cefotaxime (CXM), and a glycopeptide, vancomycin (VNC), are evaluated for inhibition of amyloid aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) under two conditions (i) 4 M guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) at pH 6.5 and 37° C, (ii) At pH 1.5 and 65 °C. Fluorescence quench titration and molecular docking methods report that CZD, CXM, and VNC interact more strongly with the partially folded intermediates (PFI) in comparison to the protein’s natural state (N). However, only CZD and CXM proficiently inhibit the aggregation. Transmission electron microscopy, tinctorial assessments, and aggregation kinetics all support oligomer-level inhibition. Transition structures in CZD-HEWL and CXM-HEWL aggregation are shown by circular dichroism (CD). On the other hand, kinetic variables and soluble fraction assays point to a localized association of monomers. Intrinsic fluorescence (IF),1-Anilino 8-naphthalene sulphonic acid, and CD demonstrate structural and conformational modifications redesigning the PFI. GuHCl-induced unfolding and differential scanning fluorimetry suggested that the PFI monomers bound to CZD and CXM exhibited partial stability. Our results present two mechanisms that function in both solution conditions, creating a novel avenue for the screening of putative inhibitors for drug repurposing. We extend our proposed mechanisms in the designing of physical inhibitors of amyloid aggregation considering shorter time frames and foolproof methods. Drug repurposing has overcome failures in drug discovery and has reduced the overall time and cost of drug discovery and development. We examined the effect of screened antibiotics, ceftazidime (CZD), cefotaxime (CXM), and vancomycin (VNC) on lysozyme aggregation under two solution conditions. These antibiotics inhibit/modulate the aggregation reactions by strongly interacting with aggregation-prone intermediate and modulation of conformation and stability. Our study puts forward with caution two cephalosporins for aggregation inhibition studies.
Resolving the complex structure of the dust torus in the active nucleus of the Circinus galaxy
Creators: name: Tristram, K. R. W.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
name: Jaffe, W.
name: Schartmann, M.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Leinert, Ch.
name: Morel, S.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Röttgering, H.
name: Perrin, G.
name: Lopez, B.
name: Raban, D.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: Graser, U.
name: Paresce, F.
name: Henning, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To test the dust torus model for active galactic nuclei directly, we study the extent and morphology of the nuclear dust distribution in the Circinus galaxy using high resolution interferometric observations in the mid-infrared with the MIDI instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer. We find that the dust distribution in the nucleus of Circinus can be explained by two components, a dense and warm disk-like component of 0.4 pc size and a slightly cooler, geometrically thick torus component with a size of 2.0 pc. The disk component is oriented perpendicular to the ionisation cone and outflow and seems to show the silicate feature at 10 micron in emission. It coincides with a nuclear maser disk in orientation and size. From the energy needed to heat the dust, we infer a luminosity of the accretion disk corresponding to 20% of the Eddington luminosity of the nuclear black hole. We find that the interferometric data are inconsistent with a simple, smooth and axisymmetric dust emission. The irregular behaviour of the visibilities and the shallow decrease of the dust temperature with radius provide strong evidence for a clumpy or filamentary dust structure. We see no evidence for dust reprocessing, as the silicate absorption profile is consistent with that of standard galactic dust. We argue that the collimation of the ionising radiation must originate in the geometrically thick torus component. Our findings confirm the presence of a geometrically thick, torus-like dust distribution in the nucleus of Circinus, as required in unified schemes of Seyfert galaxies. Several aspects of our data require that this torus is irregular, or "clumpy".
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
A systematic study of chloride ion solvation in water using van der Waals inclusive hybrid density functional theory
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: chloride ion
solvation structures
coordination number
exact exchange
van der Waals forces

description: © 2015 © 2015 Taylor & Francis. In this work, the solvation and electronic structure of the aqueous chloride ion solution was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) based ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). From an analysis of radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and solvation structures, we found that exact exchange (Exx) and non-local van der Waals (vdW) interactions effectively weaken the interactions between the Cl- ion and the first solvation shell. With a Cl-O coordination number in excellent agreement with experiment, we found that most configurations generated with vdW-inclusive hybrid DFT exhibit sixfold coordinated distorted trigonal prism structures, which is indicative of a significantly disordered first solvation shell. By performing a series of band structure calculations on configurations generated from AIMD simulations with varying DFT potentials, we found that the solvated ion orbital energy levels (unlike the band structure of liquid water) strongly depend on the underlying molecular structures. In addition, these orbital energy levels were also significantly affected by the DFT functional employed for the electronic structure; as the fraction of Exx was increased, the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital of Cl- and the valence band maximum of liquid water steadily increased towards the experimental value.
Long-range pseudorapidity dihadron correlations in d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: nucl-ex
nucl-th

description: © 2015 The Authors. Dihadron angular correlations in d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV are reported as a function of the measured zero-degree calorimeter neutral energy and the forward charged hadron multiplicity in the Au-beam direction. A finite correlated yield is observed at large relative pseudorapidity (δη) on the near side (i.e. relative azimuth δϕ~0). This correlated yield as a function of δη appears to scale with the dominant, primarily jet-related, away-side (δϕ~π) yield. The Fourier coefficients of the δϕ correlation, Vn=〈cos n δ ϕ〉, have a strong δη dependence. In addition, it is found that V1 is approximately inversely proportional to the mid-rapidity event multiplicity, while V2 is independent of it with similar magnitude in the forward (d-going) and backward (Au-going) directions.
Evaluating the Potential of Legume-Based Wort for Brewing Applications
Creators: name: Deoghare, Nazia
name: Sarlin, Tuija
name: Krogerus, Kristoffer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The study aims to enhance sustainability in the brewing industry by exploring the use of legumes as eco-friendly substitutes for barley, given their lower greenhouse gas emissions. The physicochemical properties of Congress wort made from both raw and malted forms of five legumes were investigated: red lentil, beluga lentil, green peas, fava bean, and mung bean. These legumes were tested at inclusion levels of 10, 30, 50, and 100% in the mashing process. The effect of adding exogenous enzymes to improve extract yield and filtration efficiency was also tested. Malting the legumes increased extract yield and free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentration while decreasing polyphenol and protein content compared to raw legumes. The malted legumes also had higher concentrations of volatile aroma compounds compared to their raw counterparts. Worts with mung bean had the most distinct aroma profile compared to other legume wort. At lower inclusion levels (10–30%), adding malted legumes did not negatively affect wort quality. However, at a 50% inclusion level, the use of exogenous enzymes improved wort characteristics with more pronounced effects in malted legumes. These findings highlight the potential of locally sourced legumes as sustainable barley alternatives in brewing, even at high inclusion levels. However, the environmental impact of the whole supply chain needs to be clarified in future studies.
Modular Schrödinger equation and dynamical duality
Creators: name: Garbaczewski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quite surprising properties of the one-parameter family of modular (Auberson and Sabatier (1994)) nonlinear Schrödinger equations. We develop a unified theoretical framework for this family. Special attention is paid to the emergent \it dual \rm time evolution scenarios which, albeit running in the \it real time \rm parameter of the pertinent nonlinear equation, in each considered case, may be mapped among each other by means of an "imaginary time" transformation (more seriously, an analytic continuation in time procedure).
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. E (2008)
A theory vade mecum for PSI experiments
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
name: Hagelstein, Franziska
name: Signer, Adrian
name: Stoffer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article gives a compact introduction and overview of the theory underlying the experiments described in the rest of this review.
description: This is Chapter 5 of the Review of Particle Physics at PSI, published in SciPost Proceedings 5
Observation of Charge Asymmetry Dependence of Pion Elliptic Flow and the Possible Chiral Magnetic Wave in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: STAR Collaboration

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. We present measurements of π- and π+ elliptic flow, v2, at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5, and 7.7 GeV, as a function of event-by-event charge asymmetry, Ach, based on data from the STAR experiment at RHIC. We find that π- (π+) elliptic flow linearly increases (decreases) with charge asymmetry for most centrality bins at sNN=27GeV and higher. At sNN=200GeV, the slope of the difference of v2 between π- and π+ as a function of Ach exhibits a centrality dependence, which is qualitatively similar to calculations that incorporate a chiral magnetic wave effect. Similar centrality dependence is also observed at lower energies.
Valorisation of Carbon Dioxide from Fermentation in Craft Brewing: Potential Technologies, Brewer Interviews, and Implication for a ‘Three-Level Valorisation System’
Creators: name: Grand, Théo
name: Jenkins, David
name: Maskell, Dawn
name: Zhuang, Shiwen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The brewing industry of all sizes is increasingly undertaking various initiatives to comprehend its carbon footprint and to implement measures aimed at mitigating its environmental impacts. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present research for the first time investigates technologies and challenges specific to craft brewers in valorising carbon dioxide (CO2) from beer fermentation. A systematic review was conducted by assessing multiple databases and existing commercial development, leading to the identification of three carbon capture technologies. This involves an existing direct CO2 capture unit, as well as emerging microalgae systems and bicarbonate systems. A summary of these technologies was presented to five craft brewers located in the Rhône-Alpes region of France, before conducting semi-structured interviews with them. All the brewers expressed keen interest in exploring avenues to mitigate their carbon emissions, despite their lack of awareness regarding the presented technologies. The results indicated a clear need for technical training, advertisement campaigns, and governmental support to implement the technologies among craft brewers. Furthermore, to address the concerns raised by the interview participants, a three-level valorisation system was proposed. This system involves the cascading use of CO2, enabling the sharing of investments and resources among technologies at a regional community scale. It is anticipated that the study will serve as a valuable resource for craft brewers as they consider small-scale carbon capture solutions. Additionally, it is expected to provide insights for academic, governmental, and business clusters seeking to build local infrastructure to support the implementation of such technologies.
INOVAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA  ATUARIAL: ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DA PLATAFORMA MATCHCHÁ NA ESCRITA MATEMÁTICA
Creators: name: MAIQUEL E SILVA GOMES
name: CAROLINA CARDOSO NOVO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Este artigo descreve a experiência de montar uma apostila e uma oficina de escrita matemática para as disciplinas de Matemática Atuarial I, II e III, por meio do projeto de monitoria na UFF. Utilizamos a plataforma MathCha com o objetivo de fornecer uma ferramenta acessível e poderosa para auxiliar os estudantes na rápida escrita de fórmulas e equações matemáticas, sem a necessidade de conhecimento em LáTeX ou outro meio tecnológico. A plataforma oferece recursos de edição de texto normal e diversos conjuntos de símbolos/layouts matemáticos, possibilitando a criação de documentos matemáticos completos, incluindo texto em modo matemático, diagramas e gráficos. A adaptação das equações específicas para a matemática atuarial permitiu que os alunos tivessem uma experiência aprimorada de aprendizado. A iniciativa demonstrou-se bem-sucedida ao facilitar o compartilhamento de conteúdo matemático entre os estudantes e proporcionar uma abordagem eficaz para a compreensão e aplicação das equações.
Tamarkin’s construction is equivariant with respect to the action of the Grothendieck–Teichmueller group
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Formality theorems
Algebraic operads
Associators

description: © 2015, Tbilisi Centre for Mathematical Sciences. Recall that Tamarkin’s construction (Hinich, Forum Math 15(4):591–614, 2003, arXiv:math.QA/0003052; Tamarkin, 1998, arXiv:math/9803025) gives us a map from the set of Drinfeld associators to the set of homotopy classes of L∞ quasi-isomorphisms for Hochschild cochains of a polynomial algebra. Due to results of Drinfeld (Algebra i Analiz 2(4):149–181, 1990 and Willwacher Invent Math 200(3):671–760, 2015 both the source and the target of this map are equipped with natural actions of the Grothendieck–Teichmueller group GRT1. In this paper, we use the result from Paljug (JHRS, 2015, arXiv:1305.4699) to prove that this map from the set of Drinfeld associators to the set of homotopy classes of L∞ quasi-isomorphisms for Hochschild cochains is GRT1-equivariant.
Characterization of Smoke Taint in Hops: Insights from Laboratory Simulation and Chemical Profiling
Creators: name: Sandoval, Brandon
name: Chaparro, Jacqueline M.
name: Williams, Stacey
name: Alexander, Justin
name: Prenni, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: The Pacific Northwest (PNW) region contains approximately 97.5% of U.S. commercial hop acreage. In recent years, wildfire events have been increasing in both number and severity within the region. Currently, there is an extensive body of research from the wine industry on the impact of smoke taint in grapes, however, research investigating smoke taint in hops is limited. This study aims to characterize smoke taint in hops through laboratory simulated wildfire smoke exposure coupled with chemical profiling by nontargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results reveal that the chemical profiles of smoked hops varied across fuel types. Specifically, several known smoke taint markers, including guaiacol and 4-methylguaiacol, as well as previously unreported compounds such xylopyranose were observed to be elevated in smoked hops compared to controls. This research provides a foundation for future studies to investigate various fuel types and their varying effects on hop quality.
Delocalizing transition in one-dimensional condensates in optical lattices due to inhomogeneous interactions
Creators: name: Bludov, Yu. V.
name: Brazhnyi, V. A.
name: Konotop, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that inhomogeneous nonlinear interactions in a Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in an optical lattice can result in delocalizing transition in one dimension, what sharply contrasts to the known behavior of discrete and periodic systems with homogeneous nonlinearity. The transition can be originated either by decreasing the amplitude of the linear periodic potential or by the change of the mean value of the periodic nonlinearity. The dynamics of the delocalizing transition is studied.
Collective emission of an atomic beam into an off-resonant cavity mode
Creators: name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Liu, Haonan
name: Cooper, John
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective emission of a beam of atomic dipoles into an optical cavity. Our focus lies on the effect of a finite detuning between the atomic transition frequency and the cavity resonance frequency. By developing a theoretical description of the coupled atom-cavity dynamics we analyze the stationary atomic configurations including a superradiant phase where the atoms undergo continuous monochromatic collective emission. In addition, we derive an analytical formula for the cavity pulling coefficient which characterizes the displacement of the emission frequency towards the cavity frequency. We find that the pulling is small if the cavity linewidth is much larger than the collective linewidth of the atomic beam. This regime is desired for building stable lasers because the emission frequency is robust against cavity length fluctuations. Furthermore, we investigate the stability of the atomic phases and compare our theoretical predictions with numerical results. Remarkably, we also find polychromatic emission regimes, where the spectrum has several frequency components while the light output is still superradiant.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures