cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient high-order Gradient-based Reconstruction for compressible flows
Creators: name: Chamarthi, Amareshwara Sainadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper extends the gradient-based reconstruction approach of Chamarthi \cite{chamarthi2023gradient} to genuine high-order accuracy for inviscid test cases involving smooth flows. A seventh-order accurate scheme is derived using the same stencil as of the explicit fourth-order scheme proposed in Ref. \cite{chamarthi2023gradient}, which also has low dissipation properties. The proposed method is seventh-order accurate under the assumption that the variables at the \textit{cell centres are point values}. A problem-independent discontinuity detector is used to obtain high-order accuracy. Accordingly, primitive or conservative variable reconstruction is performed around regions of discontinuities, whereas smooth solution regions apply flux reconstruction. The proposed approach can still share the derivatives between the inviscid and viscous fluxes, which is the main idea behind the gradient-based reconstruction. Several standard benchmark test cases are presented. The proposed method is more efficient than the seventh-order weighted compact nonlinear scheme (WCNS) for the test cases considered in this paper.
Thermodynamics of water modeled using ab initio simulations
Creators: name: Weber, Valéry
name: Asthagiri, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We regularize the potential distribution framework to calculate the excess free energy of liquid water simulated with the BLYP-D density functional. The calculated free energy is in fair agreement with experiments but the excess internal energy and hence also the excess entropy are not. Our work emphasizes the importance of thermodynamic characterization in assessing the quality of electron density functionals in describing liquid water and hydration phenomena.
A VLA Study of Ultracompact and Hypercompact H II Regions from 0.7 to 3.6 cm
Creators: name: Sewilo, M.
name: Churchwell, E.
name: Kurtz, S.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Hofner, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report multi-frequency Very Large Array observations of three massive star formation regions (MSFRs) containing radio continuum components that were identified as broad radio recombination line (RRL) sources and hypercompact (HC) H II region candidates in our previous H92alpha and H76alpha study: G10.96+0.01 (component W), G28.20-0.04 (N), and G34.26+0.15 (B). An additional HC H II region candidate, G45.07+0.13, known to have broad H66alpha and H76alpha lines, small size, high electron density and emission measure, was also included. We observed with high spatial resolution (0.9" to 2.3") the H53alpha, H66alpha, H76alpha, and H92alpha RRLs and the radio continuum at the corresponding wavelengths (0.7 to 3.6 cm). The motivation for these observations was to obtain RRLs over a range of principal quantum states to look for signatures of pressure broadening and macroscopic velocity structure. We find that pressure broadening contributes significantly to the line widths, but it is not the sole cause of the broad lines. We compare radio continuum and dust emission distributions and find a good correspondence. We also discuss maser emission and multi-wavelength observations reported in the literature for these MSFRs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 55 pages, 10 tables, 12 figures
Deep Near-Infrared Survey of the Pipe Nebula II: Data, Methods, and Dust Extinction Maps
Creators: name: Román-Zúñiga, Carlos Gerardo
name: Alves, João F.
name: Lada, Charles J.
name: Lombardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new set of high resolution dust extinction maps of the nearby and essentially starless Pipe Nebula molecular cloud. The maps were constructed from a concerted deep near-infrared imaging survey with the ESO-VLT, ESO-NTT, CAHA 3.5m telescopes, and 2MASS data. The new maps have a resolution three times higher than the previous extinction map of this cloud by Lombardi et al. (2006) and are able to resolve structure down to 2600 AU. We detect 244 significant extinction peaks across the cloud. These peaks have masses between 0.1 and 18.4 M_sun, diameters between 1.2 and 5.7e4 AU (0.06 and 0.28 pc), and mean densities of about 1e4 cm${^-3}$, all in good agreement with previous results. From the analysis of the Mean Surface Density of Companions we find a well defined scale near 1.4e4 AU below which we detect a significant decrease in structure of the cloud. This scale is smaller than the Jeans Length calculated from the mean density of the peaks. The surface density of peaks is not uniform but instead it displays clustering. Extinction peaks in the Pipe Nebula appear to have a spatial distribution similar to the stars in Taurus, suggesting that the spatial distribution of stars evolves directly from the primordial spatial distribution of high density material.
description: Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 10/10. 49 pages, 16 figures
Molybdenum diselenide-manganese porphyrin bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction and selective hydrogen peroxide production
Creators: name: Kagkoura, Antonia
name: Stangel, Christina
name: Arenal, Raul
name: Tagmatarchis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrochemical reactions for hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide production are essential for energy conversion to diminish energy crisis, but still lack efficient electrocatalysts. Development of non\-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and 2e oxygen reduction reaction to ease reaction kinetics is a challenging task. Integration of single components by employing easy strategies provides a key\-step towards the realization of highly active electrocatalysts. In this vein, MoSe2 owns catalytic active sites and high specific surface area but suffers from insufficient conductivity and high catalytic performance that noble\-metals provide. Herein, MoSe2 was used as a platform for the incorporation of manganese metallated porphyrin. The developed hybrid, namely MoSe2\-MnP, by the initial metal\-ligand coordination and the subsequent grafting with MnP was fully characterized and electrochemically assessed. The bifunctional electrocatalyst lowered the overpotential toward hydrogen evolution, improved reaction kinetics and charge transfer processes and was extremely stable after 10000 ongoing cycles. Simultaneously, rotating ring disk electrode analysis showed that oxygen reduction proceeds through the 2e pathway for the selective production of hydrogen peroxide with a high yield of 97 percent. The new facile modification route can be applied in diverse transition metal dichalcogenides and will help the development of new advanced functional materials.
Towards Unbiased Training in Federated Open-world Semi-supervised Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Jie
name: Ma, Xiaosong
name: Guo, Song
name: Xu, Wenchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Semi-supervised Learning (FedSSL) has emerged as a new paradigm for allowing distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model over scarce labeled data and abundant unlabeled data. However, existing works for FedSSL rely on a closed-world assumption that all local training data and global testing data are from seen classes observed in the labeled dataset. It is crucial to go one step further: adapting FL models to an open-world setting, where unseen classes exist in the unlabeled data. In this paper, we propose a novel Federatedopen-world Semi-Supervised Learning (FedoSSL) framework, which can solve the key challenge in distributed and open-world settings, i.e., the biased training process for heterogeneously distributed unseen classes. Specifically, since the advent of a certain unseen class depends on a client basis, the locally unseen classes (exist in multiple clients) are likely to receive differentiated superior aggregation effects than the globally unseen classes (exist only in one client). We adopt an uncertainty-aware suppressed loss to alleviate the biased training between locally unseen and globally unseen classes. Besides, we enable a calibration module supplementary to the global aggregation to avoid potential conflicting knowledge transfer caused by inconsistent data distribution among different clients. The proposed FedoSSL can be easily adapted to state-of-the-art FL methods, which is also validated via extensive experiments on benchmarks and real-world datasets (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and CINIC-10).
description: 12 pages
4D-Polytopes and Their Dual Polytopes of the Coxeter Group $W(A_{4})$ Represented by Quaternions
Creators: name: Koca, Mehmet
name: Koca, Nazife Ozdes
name: Al-Ajmi, Mudhahir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20, 52

description: 4-dimensional $A_{4}$ polytopes and their dual polytopes have been constructed as the orbits of the Coxeter-Weyl group $W(A_{4})$ where the group elements and the vertices of the polytopes are represented by quaternions. Projection of an arbitrary $W(A_{4})$ orbit into three dimensions is made using the subgroup $W(A_{3})$. A generalization of the Catalan solids for 3D polyhedra has been developed and dual polytopes of the uniform $A_{4}$ polytopes have been constructed.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Direct and inverse cascades in the geodynamo
Creators: name: Reshetnyak, M.
name: Hejda, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid rotation of planets causes cyclonic thermal turbulence in their cores which may generate the large-scale magnetic fields observed outside the planets. We consider the model which enables us reproduce the typical features of small-scale geostrophic flows in physical and wave spaces. We present estimates of kinetic and magnetic energy fluxes as a function of the wave number. The joint existence of forward and inverse cascades are demonstrated. We also consider the mechanism of magnetic field saturation at the end of the kinematic dynamo regime.
One-loop corrections to the Nielsen-Olesen vortex: finite length
Creators: name: Baacke, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-loop quantum corrections to the Nielsen-Olesen flux tube of finite length $L$, by imposing periodic boundary conditions. The calculations are based on a recent evaluation of these quantum corrections to the string tension of an infinite vortex. The finite length corrections are finite from the outset. If the computation is restricted to the zero modes we obtain the standard Lüscher term $π/3L$ for a closed string. The inclusion of the other fluctuation modes of Higgs and gauge fields, using the numerically computed trace of the Euclidian Green's function, leads to corrections that decrease exponentially with $L$. We present numerical results for these corrections, discuss their possible relevance, and the limitations of the approach.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Comparison between CT and MRI in detection of metastasis of the retroperitoneum in testicular germ cell tumors: a prospective trial
Creators: name: Laukka, Marjut
name: Mannisto, Susanna
name: Beule, Annette
name: Kouri, Mauri
name: Blomqvist, Carl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Introduction: To minimize the radiation exposure of mostly young testicular cancer patients, it is essential to find out whether CT could be replaced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging and follow-up of the patients. In this trial, we examined whether abdominal MRI is as effective as computed tomography (CT) in the detection of retroperitoneal metastases of testicular cancer. Material and methods: This prospective study included 50 patients, 46 cases of retroperitoneal metastases and 4 controls without abdominal metastases (mean age 33, 5 years, range 20–65 years). Imaging of the retroperitoneum was performed using CT and 1.5 T MRI with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). One experienced radiologist re-analyzed all of the examinations without knowledge of clinical information. All metastatic or suspicious lymph nodes were noted and measured two-dimensionally from axial images. Nodal detection and the size of detected nodes on CT and MRI were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the detection of retroperitoneal metastasis between CT and MRI. The sensitivity of MRI was 0.98. There was no statistically significant difference in the sizes of lymph nodes found in CT and MRI, and even very small lymph nodes could be detected in MRI as well as in CT. Conclusion: MRI with DWI is as good as CT in detection of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases regardless of lymph node size, and it can be used as part of follow-up of testicular cancer patients instead of ionizing radiation producing imaging methods.
Spatial structure and composition of polysaccharide-protein complexes from Small Angle Neutron Scattering
Creators: name: Schmidt, Isabelle
name: Cousin, Fabrice
name: Huchon, Christophe
name: Boué, François
name: Axelos, Monique A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), with an original analysis method, to obtain both the characteristic sizes and the inner composition of lysozyme-pectin complexes depending on the charge density. Lysozyme is a globular protein and pectin a natural anionic semiflexible polysaccharide with a degree of methylation (DM) 0, 43 and 74. For our experimental conditions (buffer ionic strength I = 2.5 10-2 mol/L and pH between 3 and 7), the electrostatic charge of lysozyme is always positive (from 8 to 17 depending on pH). The pectin charge per elementary chain segment is negative and can be varied from almost zero to one through the change of DM and pH. The weight molar ratio of lysozyme on pectin monomers is kept constant. The ratio of negative charge content per volume to positive charge content per volume, -/+, is varied between 10 and 0.007. On a local scale, for all charged pectins, a correlation peak appears at 0.2 Å-1 due to proteins clustering inside the complexes. On a large scale, the complexes appear as formed of spherical globules with a well defined radius of 10 to 50 nm, containing a few thousands proteins. The volume fraction Phi of organic matter within the globules derived from SANS absolute cross-sections is around 0.1. The protein stacking, which occurs inside the globules, is enhanced when pectin is more charged, due to pH or DM. The linear charge density of the pectin determines the size of the globules for pectin chains of comparable molecular weights whether it is controlled by the pH or the DM. The radius of the globules varies between 10 nm and 50 nm. In conclusion the structure is driven by electrostatic interactions and not by hydrophobic interactions. The molecular weight also has a large influence on the structure of the complexes since long chains tend to form larger globules. This maybe one reason why DM and pH are not completely equivalent in our system since DM 0 has a short mass, but this may not be the only one. For very low pectin charge (-/+ = 0.07), globules do not appear and the scattering signals a gel-like structure. We did not observe any beads-on-a-string structure.
Prognostic impact of PD-L1 in oropharyngeal cancer after primary curative radiotherapy and relation to HPV and tobacco smoking
Creators: name: Lilja-Fischer, Jacob K.
name: Eriksen, Jesper G.
name: Georgsen, Jeanette B.
name: Vo, Thao T.
name: Larsen, Stine R.
name: Cheng, Jonathan
name: Busch-Sørensen, Michael
name: Aurora-Garg, Deepti
name: Steiniche, Torben
name: Overgaard, Jens
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is rising rapidly in many western countries due to Human papillomavirus (HPV) and tobacco smoking, with a considerable overlap. Immunotherapy directed at the PD1/PD-L1 axis have shown promise in head and neck cancer and other cancer types. PD-L1 expression may indicate a poorer prognosis, and at the same time indicate a possible benefit of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapeutic agents. The primary aim of this study was to establish the prognostic effect of PD-L1 expression after primary curative radiotherapy alone. Material and methods: A cohort of 303 OPSCC patients treated with primary, curative intended radiotherapy was established. PD-L1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. PD-L1 positivity was defined as a Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥1, indicating staining of either tumor cells, lymphocytes or macrophages. Results: Median follow-up was 5.3 years. With 199 deaths, there was no difference in overall survival between patients with PD-L1+ and PD-L1− tumors (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0 [0.71–1.4]). Also, locoregional failure was similar between the two groups (aHR 1.1 [CI: 0.68 − 1.7]). Tumors were PD-L1+ in 76% of cases, significantly more among HPV p16+ tumors (82% vs. 70%, p = .01). Interestingly, higher prevalence of PD-L1+ expression was seen in HPV p16+ patients with <10 pack-years of tobacco-smoking (93%) compared to HPV p16+ smokers (76%) or HPV p16-negative patients (70%) (p = .003). Conclusion: PD-L1 expression had no prognostic significance in OPSCC patients treated with primary radiotherapy alone. A substantial proportion of OPSCC tumors show PD-L1 overexpression, especially in HPV p16+ tumors in patients with little or no smoking history.
Nondensity of orbital shadowing property in C^1-topology
Creators: name: Osipov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C50

description: The orbital shadowing property (OSP) of discrete dynamical systems on smooth closed manifolds is considered. Nondensity of OSP with respect to the C^1-topology is proved. The proof uses the method of skew products developed by Yu.S. Ilyashenko and A.S. Gorodetski.
description: This paper is a preliminary English translation of the corresponding paper in Russian published in Algebra and analysis, 2010, Vol. 22, N 2. It contains 34 pages and 3 figures
The role of microscopic friction in statistics and scaling laws of avalanches
Creators: name: Saitoh, Kuniyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate statistics and scaling laws of avalanches in two-dimensional frictional particles by numerical simulations. We find that the critical exponent for avalanche size distributions is governed by microscopic friction between the particles in contact, where the exponent is larger and closer to mean-field predictions if the friction coefficient is finite. We reveal that microscopic ``slips" between frictional particles induce numerous small avalanches which increase the slope, as well as the power-law exponent, of avalanche size distributions. We also analyze statistics and scaling laws of the avalanche duration and maximum stress drop rates, and examine power spectra of stress drop rates. Our numerical results suggest that the microscopic friction is a key ingredient of mean-field descriptions and plays a crucial role in avalanches observed in real materials.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Frequency of discordance in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression between primary tumors and paired distant metastases in advanced cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Lee, Chia Ching
name: Soon, Yu Yang
name: Lum, Jeffrey Huey Yew
name: Tan, Char Loo
name: Tey, Jeremy Chee Seong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Background: To determine the frequency of discordance in programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) expression between primary tumors and paired distant metastases in advanced cancers. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for eligible studies and assessed their methodologic quality using QUADAS-2 tool. We estimated the discordant rates (positive to negative or vice versa) of PD-L1 expression in primary tumors and paired distant metastases using logistic-normal random effects model. We performed subgroup analyses based on the PD-L1 status of primary tumors (positive or negative), location of primary tumors (lung or others) and distant metastases (central nervous system or others), timing of distant metastases (synchronous or metachronous), positivity thresholds of PD-L1 expression (1% or 5%) and types of antibody clones used (E1L3N or SP142). Results: Thirteen eligible studies including 451 cases were identified. The included studies were judged to have low to unclear risk of bias. The pooled estimate of discordant rates in PD-L1 expression was 31% (95% CI= 19–47%), with high heterogeneity across the studies (I2 = 75%). There was no significant effect modification in the discordant rates according to the predefined subgroups. Conclusion: Approximately one-third of advanced cancer cases have discordance in PD-L1 expression between primary tumors and paired distant metastases. A more liberal testing of PD-L1 expression in both primary and metastatic tumors is recommended in order to identify patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint blockade treatment. Further research exploring the mechanisms and its impact are warranted.
Magneto-Quantum Transport in 2D-Electron Systems with Periodic Modulation
Creators: name: Weiss, Dieter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The low temperature magnetoresistance of a high mobility two-dimensional electron gas - realized in GaAs-AlGaAs heterojunctions - is dominated by Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, reflecting the discrete nature of the electron energy spectrum. When a weak one- or two-dimensional periodic potential with period a smaller than the electron mean free path is superimposed on the two-dimensional electron gas a novel type of oscillation occurs which reflects the commensurability of the relevant lengths in these systems - the cyclotron orbit diameter at the Fermi energy and the period a of the periodic potential. Theoretically, this lateral superlattice effect is shown to result from an oscillatory dependence of the bandwidth of the modulation-broadened Landau levels on the band index.
Wave functions for quantum integrable particle systems via partial confluences of multivariate hypergeometric functions
Creators: name: van Diejen, Jan Felipe
name: Emsiz, Erdal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q40, 33C67, 35C05, 35P10, 39A14, 81Q80, 81R12

description: Starting from the hyperoctahedral multivariate hypergeometric function of Heckman and Opdam (associated with the $BC_n$ root system), we arrive -- via partial confluent limits in the sense of Oshima and Shimeno -- at solutions of the eigenvalue equations for the Toda chain with one-sided boundary perturbations of Pöschl-Teller type and for the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system in a Morse potential. With the aid of corresponding degenerations of the (bispectral dual) difference equations for the Heckman-Opdam hyperoctahedral hypergeometric function, it is deduced that the eigensolutions in question are holomorphic in the spectral variable.
description: 18 pages
The faint end of the galaxy luminosity function in Abell 1689: a steep red faint end upturn at $z=0.18$
Creators: name: Banados, Eduardo
name: Hung, Li-Wei
name: De Propris, Roberto
name: West, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep and wide $I$ luminosity function for galaxies in Abell 1689 ($z=0.183$) from a mosaic of HST WFPC2 images covering $10'$ on the side. The main result of this work is the detection of a steep upturn in the dwarf galaxy LF, with $α\sim -2$. The dwarf to giant ratio appears to increase outwards, but this is because giant galaxies are missing in the cluster outskirts, indicating luminosity segregation. The red sequence LF has the same parameters, within errors, as the total LF, showing that the faint end upturn consists of red quiescent galaxies. We speculate that the upturn is connected to the `filling-in' of the red sequence at $z < 0.4$ and may represent the latest installment of `downsizing' as the least massive galaxies are being quenched at the present epoch.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
An investigation into the Flow Duration Curve in eastern United States : environmental controls and prediction at ungauged basins
Creators: name: Wafa, Chouaib
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The Flow Duration Curve (FDC) is a probabilistic flow representation relevant to streamflow investigation and physical understanding given its use in wide range of hydrological and ecological applications. A regional study that investigates FDCs and their prediction at ungauged catchments is important to develop causal models and provide insights to solve issues of water resources planning and management of aquatic ecosystems and habitats. Hydrological modelling and model parametrization in gauged and ungauged catchments are fundamental steps preceding the regional investigation of flow response using FDC. By means of Sacramento rainfall-runoff model (SAC-SMA), in 73 catchments from the eastern United States, I investigated the effect of SAC-SMA a priori parameters in the constrained calibration of the model. This analysis revealed and discussed limitations of a priori parameters that are intensively used to facilitate model calibration and make predictions at ungauged basins (PUB). The PUB using parameter transfer within homogeneous regions of similar climate and flow characteristics outweighed in performance the a priori parameters. The FDC was advantageous in revealing the effect of lack of efficiency and bias. A parameter regionalization approach is more efficient for PUB than a priori parameters. The ultimate limitations of the within-region parameter transfer are recognized and discussed. The interaction between climate and landscape properties was central to develop the physical understanding of the FDC. The high precipitation variability does not necessarily lead to FDC of a steep slope. Characteristics of the catchment— equivalent to a precipitation filter— interplayed with the precipitation and affected FDC shapes. The analysis highlighted the role of soil infiltration rates in specific conditions of soil moisture storage capacity and predominant runoff generation mechanism. The study revealed that processes underlying FDC and the FDC shapes are by far more complex than being characterized in the wider literature using characteristics of landscape or climate. In conditions of humid climate and perennial flow, a meta-analysis utilizing a process-based investigation showed that mean monthly runoff FDC —readily available at ungauged catchments—predicts only FDC middle third (exceedance probabilities between 33% and 66%). The method is constrained by the value of flow variability (slope of the FDC).
Gemeinsam mehr erreichen: Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen
Creators: name: Mietchen, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ein Beitrag zum Transform_D Summit 2025, präsentiert am 29.3.2025. Eine Kopie befindet sich auf Wikimedia Commons.

 

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Workshop zu Wikimedia-Projekten wird gezeigt, wie sich Ehrenamtsaktivitäten mit dem Ökosystem freier Wissensplattformen wie Wikipedia, Wikidata und Co. verbinden lassen. Dieses Netzwerk aus offenen Infrastrukturen und kooperativen Communitys wird von ehrenamtlichem Engagement getragen. Die Teilnehmenden erfahren, wie sie durch das Teilen von Wissen in Bereichen wie Naturschutz, Jugend- und Seniorenarbeit oder Wahlhelfer:intätigkeiten sowie durch Kooperationen mit Wikimedia-Initiativen mehr erreichen können. Lernt gezielte Interaktionen mit dem Wikimedia-Ökosystem für eure eigenen Projekte zu nutzen und bringt euer Ehrenamt auf das nächste Level!

 

Ursprünglich eingereichte Zusammenfassung (unter der Annahme, dass mehr Zeit als die letztendlichen 45 min zur Verfügung stünde)

In diesem Workshop wollen wir uns überlegen, inwiefern sich häufige Ehrenamtsaktivitäten mit Aktivitäten im Ökosystem rund um Wikipedia überlagern bzw. mit geringem Aufwand in Deckung bringen lassen. Dabei werden verschiedene Organisationsformen ehrenamtlichen Engagements – wie z.B. Vereine, Stiftungen, Arbeitskreise oder andere Initiativen – ebenso besprochen wie inhaltliche Aspekte – von Klima- oder Naturschutz bis hin zu Wahlhelfertätigkeiten, von Jugend- bis Seniorenarbeit, von Sport bis Bevölkerungsschutz oder Regionalgeschichte. Besonderes Augenmerk legen wir auf Facetten der Ehrenamtslandschaft, für welche das Teilen von Wissen mit einer breiten Öffentlichkeit von Bedeutung ist.

Entomologische Gesellschaften zum Beispiel engagieren sich in der Sammlung, Bewahrung und Vermittlung von Wissen rund um Insekten, während Freundschaftsgesellschaften in ähnlicher Weise Wissen rund um die jeweiligen Kulturen sowie deren Sprachen und Gebräuche teilen und Wikipedia-Mitstreiter an enzyklopädischen Artikeln zusammenarbeiten, welche praktisch alle Wissensgebiete und alle Bereiche gesellschaftlichen Lebens abdecken und online enorme Reichweiten haben.

Rund um Wikipedia hat sich ein Ökosystem aus freiem Wissen, offenen Infrastrukturen und zusammenarbeitsfreudigen Communities entwickelt. Dieses Wikimedia-Ökosystem wird von ehrenamtlichem Engagement getragen und interagiert in vielfältiger Weise mit anderen Akteuren in der Ehrenamtslandschaft. Bislang sind diese Interaktionen, obgleich zahlreich, oft in zeitlicher, räumlicher und inhaltlicher Hinsicht klar begrenzt. Daher wollen wir hier bestehende und mögliche Interaktionen zwischen verschiedenen ehrenamtszentrischen Communities und Wikimedia-Communities besonders beleuchten und die Anwesenden dabei unterstützen, für sich und ihre ehrenamtlichen Kontexte auszuloten, inwieweit gezielte Interaktionen mit dem Wikimedia-Ökosystem sinnvoll sein und praktisch angegangen werden könnten.
The Origin of [OII] Emission in Recently Quenched AGN Hosts
Creators: name: Kocevski, Dale D.
name: Lemaux, Brian C.
name: Lubin, Lori M.
name: Shapley, Alice E.
name: Gal, Roy R.
name: Squires, Gordon K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have employed emission-line diagnostics derived from DEIMOS and NIRSPEC spectroscopy to determine the origin of the [OII] emission line observed in six AGN hosts at z~0.9. These galaxies are a subsample of AGN hosts detected in the Cl1604 supercluster that exhibit strong Balmer absorption lines in their spectra and appear to be in a post-starburst or post-quenched phase, if not for their [OII] emission. Examining the flux ratio of the [NII] to Halpha lines, we find that in five of the six hosts the dominant source of ionizing flux is AGN continuum emission. Furthermore, we find that four of the six galaxies have over twice the [OII] line luminosity that could be generated by star formation processes alone given their Halpha line luminosities. This strongly suggests that AGN-excited narrow-line emission is contaminating the [OII] line flux. A comparison of star formation rates calculated from extinction-corrected [OII] and Halpha line luminosities indicates that the former yields a five-fold overestimate of current activity in these galaxies. Our findings reveal the [OII] line to be a poor indicator of star formation activity in a majority of these moderate-luminosity Seyferts. This result bolsters our previous findings that an increased fraction of AGN at high redshifts are hosted by galaxies in a post-starburst phase. The relatively high fraction of AGN hosts in the Cl1604 supercluster that show signs of recently truncated star formation activity suggest AGN feedback may play an increasingly important role in suppressing ongoing activity in large-scale structures at high redshift.
description: 5 Pages, 4 Figures, submitted to ApJL
title: L'émergence de la littératie chez les enfants non-voyants :
title: Pratiques actuelles des pédagogues en éducation précoce spécialisée
titleType: Subtitle
title: L'émergence de la littératie chez les enfants non-voyants :
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dayer, Delphine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: littératie
subject: milieu naturel de l’enfant
subject: non-voyance
subject: braille
subject: pratiques professionnelles
subject: pédagogie en éducation précoce spécialisée

description: Cette recherche descriptive a pour objectif d’identifier et de formaliser les pratiques actuelles, en lien avec la littératie, des pédagogues en éducation précoce spécialisée, intervenant au domicile d’enfants non-voyants. Les données de la partie empirique ont été recueillies au travers de six entretiens compréhensifs. Ces données ont été analysées et discutées avec des éléments issus de la littérature scientifique. Ce travail de recherche a permis de mettre en évidence les pratiques favorisant l’émergence de la littératie chez les enfants non-voyants. Il en ressort qu’une attention particulière portant sur les facteurs bio-psycho-sociaux de l’enfant, ainsi que des activités en lien avec la littératie sont positives et contribuent à l’émergence de la littératie chez les enfants non-voyants. D’autres aspects visant à soutenir davantage les pratiques en littératie dans le champ de cette recherche sont identifiés. En particulier la dimension de la formation, spécifique au domaine de la déficience visuelle. Finalement, dans une visée favorisant l’implémentation de pratiques recommandées sur le sujet qui nous intéresse, les apports issus de cette recherche ont contribué au développement d’un recueil d’activités pratiques. Ces pistes pour favoriser l’émergence de la littératie chez un enfant non-voyant sont destinées principalement aux professionnel·le·s de la déficience visuelle.
Temporal Relation between Disappearance of Penumbral Fine-Scale Structure and Evershed Flow
Creators: name: Kubo, M.
name: Ichimoto, K.
name: Lites, B. W.
name: Shine, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the temporal relation between the Evershed flow, dot-like bright features (penumbral grain), the complex magnetic field structure, and dark lanes (dark core) along bright filaments in a sunspot penumbra. We use a time series of high spatial resolution photospheric intensity, vector magnetic field maps, and Doppler velocity maps obtained with the Solar Optical Telescope aboard the \textit{Hinode} spacecraft. We conclude that the appearance and disappearance of the Evershed flow and penumbra grains occur at nearly the same time and are associated with changes of the inclination angle of the magnetic field from vertical to more horizontal. This supports the idea that Evershed flow is a result of thermal convection in the inclined field lines. The dark core of the bright penumbral filament also appears coincidental with the Evershed flow. However, the dark-cored bright filament survives at least for 10-20 minutes after the disappearance of the Evershed flow. The heat input into the bright filament continues after the end of heat transfer by the Evershed flow. This suggests that local heating along the bright filament is important to maintain the brightness of the bright filament in addition to the heat transfer by the Evershed flow.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Goniomitrium acuminatum subsp. acuminatum
title: Version 1
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fife, Allan J.
Publisher: name: Bryophytes of Australia
Year: 2019
Subjects: Goniomitrium acuminatum subsp. acuminatum

description: Taxonomic treatment for Goniomitrium acuminatum subsp. acuminatum
Magnetoresistance oscillations in a grid potential: Indication of a Hofstadter-type energy spectrum
Creators: name: Gerhardts, R.
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Wulf, U.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 71.25.Hc
subject: 72.20.My
subject: 73.50.Jt

description: We present experimental and theoretical results on magnetoresistivity oscillations of high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems in a weak superlattice potential. Experimentally, the band conductivity of a sample with a holographically produced grid potential is shown to be considerably smaller than that of the same sample with a similar linear grating potential of the same lattice constant. This is explained by a magnetotransport theory with due consideration of collision broadening effects and the peculiar subband splitting of Landau levels resulting in a Hofstadter- type energy spectrum.
Squark and gluino hadroproduction
Creators: name: Beenakker, W.
name: Brensing, S.
name: Krämer, M.
name: Kulesza, A.
name: Laenen, E.
name: Motyka, L.
name: Niessen, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the theoretical status of squark and gluino hadroproduction and provide numerical predictions for all squark and gluino pair-production processes at the Tevatron and at the LHC, with a particular emphasis on proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV. Our predictions include next-to-leading order supersymmetric QCD corrections and the resummation of soft gluon emission at next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. We discuss the impact of the higher-order corrections on total cross sections, and provide an estimate of the theoretical uncertainty due to scale variation and the parton distribution functions.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures, invited review article for Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Η διοίκηση των Μητροπόλεων Μυτιλήνης και Μηθύμνης Λέσβου και η κοινωνική πολιτική τους σε συνεργασία με τις θεσμοθετημένες δομές της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης κατά το 19o και 20ο αιώνα
Creators: name: Ανδρέου, Δέσποινα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Η διοίκηση των Μητροπόλεων Μυτιλήνης και Μηθύμνης Λέσβου κατά το
19o και 20ο αιώνα
Κοινωνική πολιτική
Τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης
The Administration of the Dioceses of Mytilene and Mithymna-Lesvos
during the 19th and 20th centuries
Social politics
Local self-government

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη της διοίκηση των Μητροπόλεων Μυτιλήνης και Μηθύμνης Λέσβου και η κοινωνική πολιτική τους σε συνεργασία με τις θεσμοθετημένες δομές της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης κατά το 19 και 20ο αιώνα. Εξετάσαμε την κοινωνική πολιτική που άσκησαν οι δυο Μητροπόλεις του νησιού. Στην συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε το κοινωνικό έργο του Μητροπολίτη Μυτιλήνης, Ιακώβου Νικολάου. Αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στα κοινωνικά ιδρύματα που ιδρύθηκαν επί της ποιμαντορίας του. Το ίδιο πράξαμε και για τον Μητροπολίτη Μηθύμνης, Διονύσιο Μήνα. Ένα άλλο θέμα που θίξαμε ήταν τα κληροδοτήματα της Μητρόπολης Μηθύμνης οι ομοιότητες και οι διαφορές τους με την όμορη Μητρόπολη Μυτιλήνης. Ασχοληθήκαμε επιπλέον με προτάσεις συνεργασίας των Μητροπόλεων με τους φορείς της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης του νησιού και διαπιστώσαμε την δυναμική που δημιουργείται με την υλοποίηση τους.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the administration of the Dioceses of Mytilene and Mithymnα- Lesvos and their policy in collaboration with the institutionalized structures of local self-government during the 19th and 20th centuries. We examined the social policy exercised by the two Metropolitans of the island. Then we presented the social work of the Metropolitan of Mytilene, Iakovos Nikolaos We referred in detail to the social institutions established during his pastorate. We did the same for the Metropolitan of Mithymna, Dionysios Mina. Another aim of this study was to examine the legacies of the Diocese of Mithymna, their similarities and differences with the neighboring Diocese of Mytilene. We also referred to cooperation proposals of the Metropolises with the local self-government of the island and we found the dynamics created by their implementation.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Κοινωνικής Θεολογίας (Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών)
Probing the mass-loss history of AGB and red supergiant stars from CO rotational line profiles - II. CO line survey of evolved stars: derivation of mass-loss rate formulae
Creators: name: De Beck, E.
name: Decin, L.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Justtanont, K.
name: Verhoelst, T.
name: Kemper, F.
name: Menten, K. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to (1) set up simple and general analytical expressions to estimate mass-loss rates of evolved stars, and (2) from those calculate estimates for the mass-loss rates of asymptotic giant branch (AGB), red supergiant (RSG), and yellow hypergiant stars in our galactic sample. Rotationally excited lines of CO are a very robust diagnostic in the study of circumstellar envelopes (CSEs). When sampling different layers of the CSE, observations of these molecular lines lead to detailed profiles of kinetic temperature, expansion velocity, and density. A state-of-the-art, nonlocal thermal equilibrium, and co-moving frame radiative transfer code that predicts CO line intensities in the CSEs of late-type stars is used in deriving relations between stellar and molecular-line parameters, on the one hand, and mass-loss rate, on the other. We present analytical expressions for estimating the mass-loss rates of evolved stellar objects for 8 rotational transitions of the CO molecule, apply them to our extensive CO data set covering 47 stars, and compare our results to those of previous studies. Our expressions account for line saturation and resolving of the envelope, thereby allowing accurate determination of very high mass-loss rates. We argue that, for estimates based on a single rotational line, the CO(2-1) transition provides the most reliable mass-loss rate. The mass-loss rates calculated for the AGB stars range from 4x10^-8 Msun/yr up to 8x10^-5 Msun/yr. For RSGs they reach values between 2x10^-7 Msun/yr and 3x10^-4 Msun/yr. The estimates for the set of CO transitions allow time variability to be identified in the mass-loss rate. Possible mass-loss-rate variability is traced for 7 of the sample stars. We find a clear relation between the pulsation periods of the AGB stars and their derived mass-loss rates, with a levelling off at approx. 3x10^-5 Msun/yr for periods exceeding 850 days.
description: Accepted for publication by Astronomy and Astrophysics, 24 pages + 28 pages appendix, 20 figures
"Wet-to-Dry" Conformational Transition of Polymer Layers Grafted to Nanoparticles in Nanocomposite
Creators: name: Chevigny, Chloé
name: Jestin, Jacques
name: Gigmes, Didier
name: Schweins, Ralph
name: Di Cola, Emanuela Null
name: Dalmas, Florent
name: Bertin, Denis
name: Boué, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present communication reports the first direct measurement of the conformation of a polymer corona grafted around silica nano-particles dispersed inside a nanocomposite, a matrix of the same polymer. This measurement constitutes an experimental breakthrough based on a refined combination of chemical synthesis, which permits to match the contribution of the neutron silica signal inside the composite, and the use of complementary scattering methods SANS and SAXS to extract the grafted polymer layer form factor from the inter-particles silica structure factor. The modelization of the signal of the grafted polymer on nanoparticles inside the matrix and the direct comparison with the form factor of the same particles in solution show a clear-cut change of the polymer conformation from bulk to the nanocomposite: a transition from a stretched and swollen form in solution to a Gaussian conformation in the matrix followed with a compression of a factor two of the grafted corona. In the probed range, increasing the interactions between the grafted particles (by increasing the particle volume fraction) or between the grafted and the free matrix chains (decreasing the grafted-free chain length ratio) does not influence the amplitude of the grafted brush compression. This is the first direct observation of the wet-to-dry conformational transition theoretically expected to minimize the free energy of swelling of grafted chains in interaction with free matrix chains, illustrating the competition between the mixing entropy of grafted and free chains, and the elastic deformation of the grafted chains. In addition to the experimental validation of the theoretical prediction, this result constitutes a new insight for the nderstanding of the general problem of dispersion of nanoparticles inside a polymer matrix for the design of new nanocomposites materials.
Disappointing model for ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Aloisio, R.
name: Berezinsky, V.
name: Gazizov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data of Pierre Auger Observatory show a proton-dominated chemical composition of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays spectrum at (1 - 3) EeV and a steadily heavier composition with energy increasing. In order to explain this feature we assume that (1 - 3) EeV protons are extragalactic and derive their maximum acceleration energy, E_p^{max} \simeq 4 EeV, compatible with both the spectrum and the composition. We also assume the rigidity-dependent acceleration mechanism of heavier nuclei, E_A^{max} = Z x E_p^{max}. The proposed model has rather disappointing consequences: i) no pion photo-production on CMB photons in extragalactic space and hence ii) no high-energy cosmogenic neutrino fluxes; iii) no GZK-cutoff in the spectrum; iv) no correlation with nearby sources due to nuclei deflection in the galactic magnetic fields up to highest energies.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, the talk presented by A. Gazizov at NPA5 Conference, April 3-8, 2011, Eilat, Israel
Code for Global Photovoltaic Solar Panel Dataset from 2019 to 2022
Creators: name: Li, anqi
name: Liu, luling
name: Li, shijie
name: Cui, xihong
name: Chen, xuehong
name: Cao, xin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The first stage uses U-Net, and the second stage utilizes the GEE platform to use RF-PUL