Ganonema rong Oláh & Johanson 2010, new species
Creators: name: Oláh, János
name: Johanson, Kjell Arne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Nemaliales
Liagoraceae
Ganonema
Ganonema rong

description: Ganonema rong, new species   
Figs 7–16  
 This large brown species lacks a forewing color pattern. It is similar to G. circulare Schmid from China (Yunnan). It is separated from that species by its shorter preanal appendages, which in lateral view do not surpass the posterior end of tergite IX. Segment X lacks lateral flanks but is supported by a pair of small humps at the intersegmental depression. Each gonocoxite has only 1 segment, not 2 as in G.circulare. Another distinguishing character is the very broad forewings. The shape of the forewing of G. circulare was described by Schmid as similar to the narrow forewings in G. ochraceellum McLachlan.   
Male (in alcohol). Body size large, brown; wings broad. Legs, antennae and palps lighter, denuded forewing membrane brown without pattern. Head rectangular in dorsal view (Fig. 8), almost as long as broad. Ocelli absent. Tentorium slender, U-shaped; anterior half diverging in dorsal view (Fig. 9), without dorsal arms; posterior arms very short, robust, ending in pair of large posterior tentorial pits with strong tentorial bridge without anteromesal or posteromesal protuberances; anterior tentorial arms almost uniform, without median lamellate processes, each with anterior half diverging, curving dorsad (Fig. 10). Facial groove pattern (Fig. 7) modified by presence of plate-like flange or rim of frontal sclerite between anterior tentorial pits, theoretical lines separating frons and clypeus are manifested by transverse frontal rim; frontogenal vertical grooves oblique, forming dorsal continuations from anterior tentorial pits, stretching diagonally almost to antennifer pivots on ventral antennal grooves; dorsal continuation of anterior tentorial arms from anterior tentorial pits visible on cleared head as internal folds or frontogenal septa reaching circumantennal sclerites at antennifer pivots. Clypeogenal vertical grooves located ventrally of anterior tentorial pits, short, directed slightly mesad; highly visible pattern of plate-like flanges and frontogenal and clypeogenal sutures representing complex of anterior tentorial arms and frontogenal septa. Subantennal grooves small, weakly developed, sinuous, running obliquely between large frontogenal compact warts and palpifers; subocular grooves not visible. Short, indistinct frontal grooves present between antennae on constricted frons, joining compact vertexal medioantennal setose wart. Vertexal groove pattern (Fig. 8) more reduced, with large anterad-directed, rounded elevation dominating anterior half of vertex and reaching interantennal area, delineated laterally by extremely enlarged membranous antennal sockets circled by antennal grooves; enlarged sockets with corrugated or granulous surfaces near compact frontogenal setose warts; stem of epicranial groove (coronal groove) vestigial; dorsomesal ridge (vestigium) of coronal groove visible in middle of posterior end of vertex and surrounded by less pigmented area; anterad-directed occipito-postgenal groove meeting lateral margins of very large occipital compact setal warts. Labrum heart-shaped, with freely hanging, rounded, sparsely setose apex; anterior basal part holding pair of rounded, compact setose warts (with labral setae or moustache). Mandibles relatively well developed, less pigmented, located laterally beside labrum; laciniae curving mesad, bearing few setae. Frontal setal warts absent on face, frontal interantennal warts absent due to forward directed vertexal elevation; frons more strongly pigmented, laterally bordered by enlarged, less-pigmented antennal sockets; pair of large, subtriangular, compact frontogenal setal warts present on posterior pregenae on obliquely or almost horizontal frontogenal grooves, stretching into clypeogenal area; pronounced and dominating pair of setal warts being only compact warts visible on face, beside labral moustache. Anterad-directed, rounded elevation on vertex bearing pair of vertexal medioantennal compact setose warts anteriorly on top, separated by anteromesal furrow; pair of rounded, transverse, vertexal lateroantennal compact setal warts present; large central area with diffuse setae on vertex developed into pair of large, horizontally elongated, compact setose warts, giving dense hairy appearance to head dorsum. Occipital compact setose warts, ovoid, oriented obliquely, dominating posterior half of vertex; small pair of narrowly elongated postgenal compact warts visible between posterior section of ocular grooves and large occipital compact setose wart, encircling ventral part of eyes. Pair of small lobes with compact setose warts present as continuation of dorsomesal ridge or vestigium of coronal groove, and separated by postoccipital groove. Very large elongated compact setal wart present mostly on membranous part of cervix, touching anterior arm of cervical sclerite. Lateral cervical sclerites each composed of narrow anterior arm articulating anteriorly to back of head, with occipital condyle above posterior tentorial pits, fusing to posterior cervical sclerite. Posterior cervical sclerites each forming narrow, posteriorly broadening plate reaching prothoracic episternum, articulating to weakly sclerotized anteromedian band of prothoracic eusternum by narrow, ventral intercervical sclerite. Maxillary palps 5-segmented, formula (I,IV,V)-III-II, filiform, densely covered by long setae. Scapes slightly longer than broad, half as long as head; each scape 3 times longer than its pedicel.  
 Two pairs of pronotal warts present, large dorsal pair slightly transversely elongated, located on elevated hump, widely separated mesally, second pair smaller, rounded, located farther laterally, clearly visible in lateral view. One pair of mesoscutal diffused warts present, arranged in longitudinal bands running along entire mesoscutum, composed of densely packed setae with smaller alveoli and some larger setae arranged in groups of 2 or 3; bands continuing on quadrate mesoscutellum, interspersed with larger setae. Large, rounded setose wart located proximally above articulation of each cervical sclerite on proepisternum, larger than setal wart on its precoxale. Leg claws symmetrical; spur formula 2, 4, 4; foreleg spurs equal; midleg anteroapical and anterosubapical spurs and hind leg anteroapical spur half as long as other spurs. Forewings: length 14.0 mm; membrane uniformly brown, without pattern (in alcohol); R1 free along its length; crossvein r located near apical margin of R1 cell; discoidal cell open (crossvein s absent), its base of discoidal cell located basad of midpoint of wing; forks I, II, III, IV, V present, crossveins h, sc -r, r, s, r -m, m, m -cu, cu1 and cu2 present; postanal vein absent. Hind wings: R1 meeting R2; forks I, II, III, V present; fork I longer than fork II.   
Male genitalia. Abdominal segment IX fused annularly, without longitudinal grooves separating dorsal and ventral parts, shorter at preanal appendages where tergum and pleural sclerites meet in V-shaped excision; tergum slighty longer than venter, dorsum produced into protruding triangle in lateral view. Anterior margin of segment IX nearly straight, vertical; apical lobes on posterior margins triangular, sharply angled at midheight of segment. Antecosta weakly developed, forming narrow, marginal rim, broader along dorsal margin, without clearly visible external groove of antecostal suture. Tergum IX triangular in dorsal view, with mesal suture running along ridge; spine row absent on posterior margin of segment IX; entire segment smoothly glabrous, covered by acanthae; setae located on mesal surface of apical lobes; large ventropleural setal areas located posteriorly. Intersegmental depression between segment IX and segment X sloping, filled with pair of small protuberances. Segment X shorter than gonocoxites, longer than preanal appendages, apex curving dorsad in lateral view; elongated in dorsal view, slightly constricted before wide bases; basal part forming chitinized ventral lobe visible in lateral view. Apicoventral setose lobes reduced to setose surfaces at dorsadcurving apices of segment X; apicodorsal setose lobes forming feeble and sparsely setose surfaces above middle of segment X. Dorsal interlobular gap narrow, deeply cleft at basal half, widening apically. Preanal appendages short, rounded in lateral view, slightly narrower in dorsal view. Gonocoxites without harpagones, forming equally wide arches along their length, slightly constricted at midpoints; basally broad. Phallic apparatus forming slightly ventrad-curving tube with membranous apex of phallicata; phallotremal sclerites small, located almost in middle of phallotheca in retracted condition; extruded endotheca or phallicata with phallic apparatus slightly broadening from midway, with phallotremal sclerites disposed terminally.  
 Holotype male: VIETNAM: Tam Dao, sweep net along left side small tributary of main stream, 10.v.1987 [J. Oláh] – (alcohol, OPC).   
 Paratypes: VIETNAM: Same collection data as holotype – 3 males (alcohol, OPC).   
 Distribution: Vietnam.   
 Etymology: Rong, broad in Vietnamese, referring to the very broad forewings of the species.   
 Remarks: The specialized postoccipital lobes present in this species have been detected only in species of the distantly related family Hydroptilidae.
description: Published as part of Oláh, János & Johanson, Kjell Arne, 2010, Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2457 (1) on pages 11-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2457.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5313709