cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of copper on phytoplankton
Creators: name: Leblanc, Michael Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The sensitivitiy of several species of marine phytoplankton to copper was investigated. No specific trends were found with respect to any general differences between diatoms and dinoflagellates or between different sized cells. Further investigation using a single bioassay species, Nitzschia lonqissima, indicate it to be very sensitive to cupric ion activity. Several physiological systems appear to be affected to different degrees, with cell division being more affected than photosynthetic pigment production or ¹⁴C uptake. The activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase is greatly increased by the addition of low concentrations of copper.
Cosmology With Non-Minimally Coupled K-Field
Creators: name: Sen, A. A.
name: Devi, N. Chandrachani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider non-minimally coupled (with gravity) scalar field with non-canonical kinetic energy. The form of the kinetic term is of Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) form.We study the early evolution of the universe when it is sourced only by the k-field, as well as late time evolution when both the matter and k-field are present. For the k-field, we have considered constant potential as well as potential inspired from Boundary String Field Theory (B-SFT). We show that it is possible to have inflationary solution in early time as well as late time accelerating phase. The solutions also exhibit attractor property in a sense that it does not depend on the initial conditions for a certain values of the parameters.
description: 10 pages, Revtex style, 14 eps figures, to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Jupiter - friend or foe? I: the asteroids
Creators: name: Horner, J.
name: Jones, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroids are the major source of potential impactors on the Earth today. It has long been assumed that the giant planet Jupiter acts as a shield, significantly lowering the impact rate on the Earth from both cometary and asteroidal bodies. Such shielding, it is claimed, enabled the development and evolution of life in a collisional environment which is not overly hostile. The reduced frequency of impacts, and of related mass extinctions, would have allowed life the time to thrive, where it would otherwise have been suppressed. However, in the past, little work has been carried out to examine the validity of this idea. In the first of several papers, we examine the degree to which the impact risk resulting from a population representative of the asteroids is enhanced or lessened by the presence of a giant planet, in an attempt to fully understand the impact regime under which life on Earth has developed. Our results show that the situation is far less clear cut that has previously been assumed - for example, the presence of a giant planet can act to enhance the impact rate of asteroids on the Earth significantly.
description: 34 pages, 15 Figures
An AKARI Search for Intracluster Dust of Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Matsunaga, N.
name: Mito, H.
name: Nakada, Y.
name: Fukushi, H.
name: Tanabé, T.
name: Ita, Y.
name: Izumiura, H.
name: Matsuura, M.
name: Ueta, T.
name: Yamamura, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observations of 12 globular clusters with the AKARI/FIS. Our goal is to search for emission from the cold dust within clusters. We detect diffuse emissions toward NGC 6402 and 2808, but the IRAS 100-micron maps show the presence of strong background radiation. They are likely emitted from the galactic cirrus, while we cannot rule out the possible association of a bump of emission with the cluster in the case of NGC 6402. We also detect 28 point-like sources mainly in the WIDE-S images (90 micron). At least several of them are not associated with the clusters but background galaxies based on some external catalogs. We present the SEDs by combining the near-and-mid infrared data obtained with the IRC if possible. The SEDs suggest that most of the point sources are background galaxies. We find one candidate of the intracluster dust which has no mid-infrared counterpart unlike the other point-like sources, although some features such as its point-like appearance should be explained before we conclude its intracluster origin. For most of the other clusters, we have confirmed the lack of the intracluster dust. We evaluate upper limits of the intracluster dust mass to be between 1.0E-05 and 1.0E-03 solar mass depending on the dust temperature. The lifetime of the intracluster dust inferred from the upper limits is shorter than 5 Myr (T=70K) or 50 Myr (35K). Such short lifetime indicates some mechanism(s) are at work to remove the intracluster dust. We also discuss its impact on the chemical evolution of globular clusters.
description: Accepted for publication in PASJ AKARI special issue. 14 pages, 11 figures
Shock Induced Damage Mechanism Of Perineuronal Net
Creators: name: Mahmud, KAH Al
name: Hasan, Fuad
name: Khan, Md Ishak
name: Adnan, Ashfaq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ECM components, such as the Perineuronal net (PNN), one of the most prevalent parts surrounding the neuronal cell. PNN is a protective net-like structure regulating neuronal activity such as neurotransmission, charge balance and generates an action potential. Shock induced damage of this essential component may cause neuronal cell death and potentially leads to CTE, AD diseases, PTSD, etc. The shock generated possibly during an accident, improvised devie explosion or collision between NFL players may lead to damage to this safety net. The goal is to investigate the mechanics of PNN under shock wave. To understand the mechanics of PNN, mechanical properties of different PNN components such as glycan, GAG, and protein need to be evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the mechanical strength of PNN molecules and the interfacial strength between the components of PNN. Afterward, we have assessed the PNN molecules' damage efficiency at various conditions such as shock speed, preexisting bubble, and boundary conditions. The secondary structure altercation of the protein molecules of the PNN has been analyzed to evaluate damage intensity under varying shock loading. At higher shock speed, damage intensity is more elevated, and hyaluronan is most likely to break at the rigid junction. The primary structure of the protein molecules is most unlikely to fail. Instead, the molecules' secondary bonds will be altered. Our study suggests that the number of hydrogen bonds during the shock wave propagation decreased.
description: 25
Beamed emission from a neutron-star ULX in a GRRMHD simulation
Creators: name: Abarca, David
name: Parfrey, Kyle
name: Kluźniak, Włodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a global 2.5D general-relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation of super-critical accretion onto a neutron star with a $2\times 10^{10}$ G dipolar magnetic field, as a model of a neutron-star-powered ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX). We compute a lower limit on the total luminosity of $\sim 2.5\,L_\mathrm{Edd}$, and find the radiation to be highly beamed by the accretion disk outflows. The apparent isotropic luminosity, which is a function of the viewing angle, reaches a maximum above $100\,L_\mathrm{Edd}$, consistent with the luminosities observed in ULXs.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to ApJ Letters
Christianity, Native Americans, and Global Indigeneity
Creators: name: Surratt, Zara
name: Bayne, Brandon
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Year: 2023

description:
Indigenous stories occupy increasingly prominent cultural spaces. From the bestselling book turned feature film Killers of the Flower Moon to the critically acclaimed coming-of-age television drama Reservation Dogs, Native stories of resilience, creativity, trauma, and joy fill our pages and screens in exceptional ways. Together, they mark an unprecedented moment in the depiction of Native history and spirituality, one that promises renewed truth-telling and testifies to the ongoing power of material, visual, and oral literacies to re-narrate both settler violence and Indigenous survivance. In the study of Christianity, scholars have likewise devoted renewed attention to Native histories. As with the case of popular media, it is not so much that scholars have not told stories that include Natives. However, those narratives have been locked in stereotype and caricature, tales of cowboys and Indians that were translated to tropes of missionaries and revolts.
Aharonov-Bohm effect on AdS_2 and nonlinear supersymmetry of reflectionless Poschl-Teller system
Creators: name: Correa, Francisco
name: Jakubsky, Vit
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain the origin and the nature of a special nonlinear supersymmetry of a reflectionless Poschl-Teller system by the Aharonov-Bohm effect for a nonrelativistic particle on the AdS_2. A key role in the supersymmetric structure appearing after reduction by a compact generator of the AdS_2 isometry is shown to be played by the discrete symmetries related to the space and time reflections in the ambient Minkowski space. We also observe that a correspondence between the two quantum non-relativistic systems is somewhat of the AdS/CFT holography nature.
description: 24 pages; published version
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Program Committee, External Reviewers, List of Authors
Creators: name: Guo, Jiong
name: Hermelin, Danny
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Program Committee
subject: External Reviewers
subject: List of Authors

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Program Committee, External Reviewers, List of Authors
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 63, 11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016), pages 0:i-0:xiv
Overall Spectral Properties of Prompt Emissions with Diverse Segments in Swift/BAT Short Gamma-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Li, X. J.
name: Zhang, Z. B.
name: Zhang, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to lack of multiple components of prompt $γ$-ray emissions in short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs), how these distinct components are correlated still keeps unclear. In this paper, we investigate the spectral and temporal properties of precursors, main peaks and extended emissions in 26 sGRBs including GRB 170817A. It is found that peak energies ($E_p$) in each pulse are uncorrelated with the pulse duration ($t_{dur}$). Meanwhile, we find that there is no obvious correlation between peak energy and energy fluence. Interestingly, there is no obvious spectral evolution from earlier precursors to later extended emissions in view of the correlations of $t_{dur}$ with either the $E_p$ or the low energy spectrum index, $α$. A power-law correlation between the average flux ($F_{p}$) and the energy fluence ($S_γ$), $log F_p=(0.62\pm0.07) log S_γ+ (0.27\pm0.07)$, is found to exist in the individual segments instead of mean peaks previously. Furthermore, we also find that the main peaks are on average brighter than the precursors or the extend emissions about one order of magnitude. On the basis of all the above analyses, one can conclude that three emissive components would share the same radiation mechanisms but they might be dominated by diverse physical processes.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Estrogen and phyto-estrogen binding in ewe pituitary, hypothalamus, and other structures
Creators: name: Mathieson, Ronna Arlene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Phyto-estrogens are known to bind to estrogen receptors of the uterus and they caninitiate the early events of estrogen stimulation including water imbibition and synthesis of induced protein as well as late events such as uterine growth. There is indirect evidence that these compounds affect the functioning of the hypothalamus and pituitary with respect to the release of gonadotropins. The purpose of this study was to determine if the phytoestrogen compounds, genistein and coumestrol, could interact with the estrogen receptor molecules in the cytoplasm of pituitary and hypothalamus tissue from ewes. Estrogen binding characteristics were also examined. Cytosol preparations from the various experimental, tissues were incubated fifteen minutes at thirty degrees C. with ³H-estradiol; separation of bound from free label was carried out on Sephadex LH-20 columns. Estrogen binding parameters were determined by double reciprocal plots. Competitions with ³H-estradiol in the presence of either coumestrol or genistein were carried out in a similar manner. Apparent inhibition constants (K[sub I]) were determined from Dixon plots. The.apparent dissociation constants (K[sub D]) for estradiol in ewe pituitary cytosol was determined to be 0.26±0.12 nM. The apparent for K[sub I] coumestrol in the ewe pituitary cytosol was determined to be 59-61 nM and the apparent K[sub I] for genistein was determined to be 130-210 nM. These compounds were shown to displace estradiol from receptors in ewe hypothalamus and amygdala cytosols. Results of preliminary binding experiments with ewe pineal and uterus cytosols are also presented. These results suggest that phyto-estrogens can interfere with normal estrogen feedback mechanisms with respect to gonadotropin release in the ewe.
Chaotic inflation, radiative corrections and precision cosmology
Creators: name: Senoguz, V. Nefer
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ chaotic (phi^2 and phi^4) inflation to illustrate the important role radiative corrections can play during the inflationary phase. Yukawa interactions of phi, in particular, lead to corrections of the form -kappa phi^4 ln(phi/mu), where kappa>0 and mu is a renormalization scale. For instance, phi^4 chaotic inflation with radiative corrections looks compatible with the most recent WMAP (5 year) analysis, in sharp contrast to the tree level case. We obtain the 95% confidence limits 2.4x10^-14
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. v2: added comments and references. v3: changed title, published version
Genre, Class and Gender in a Suffragist Operetta: Melinda and Her Sisters (1916) at the Waldorf-Astoria
Creators: name: Winter, Kendall Hatch
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Year: 2023

description:
Alva Belmont and Elsa Maxwell's Melinda and Her Sisters (1916) is a little-known work promoting women's suffrage, which was publicly performed only once in New York City. It was advertised as an operetta, a decision which minimised its overt stylistic and functional similarities to other genres of popular musical theatre from the period, namely, musical comedy and pageantry. Framed through Jeffrey Kallberg's concept of genre as a ‘gesture of labeling’, this article asks what could be gained – artistically, financially and politically – by Belmont and Maxwell's invocation of operetta and by their disavowal of other appropriate genre alternatives. I argue that the strategy reflects their fundraising priorities, the attitudes of their intended audience, and the social, political and artistic climates that constrained women's activities. This case study offers genre as a productive lens through which to interpret gynocentric musical production and performance.
Restoration of supersymmetry on the lattice: Two-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Kanamori, Issaku
name: Suzuki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By numerically investigating the conservation law of the supercurrent, we confirm the restoration of supersymmetry in Sugino's lattice formulation of the two-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with a scalar mass term. Subtlety in the case without the scalar mass term, that appears to ruin perturbative power counting, is also pointed out.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, uses elsart.cls, the final version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Crossover from Attractive to Repulsive Casimir Forces and Vice Versa
Creators: name: Schmidt, Felix M.
name: Diehl, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems described by an O(n) symmetrical $ϕ^4$ Hamiltonian are considered in a $d$-dimensional film geometry at their bulk critical points. The critical Casimir forces between the film's boundary planes $\mathfrak{B}_j, j=1,2$, are investigated as functions of film thickness $L$ for generic symmetry-preserving boundary conditions $\partial_n\bmϕ=\mathring{c}_j\bmϕ$. The $L$-dependent part of the reduced excess free energy per cross-sectional area takes the scaling form $f_{\text{res}}\approx D(c_1L^{Φ/ν},c_2L^{Φ/ν})/L^{d-1}$ when $d<4$, where $c_i$ are scaling fields associated with the variables $\mathring{c}_i$, and $Φ$ is a surface crossover exponent. Explicit two-loop renormalization group results for the function $D(\mathsf{c}_1,\mathsf{c}_2)$ at $d=4-ε$ dimensions are presented. These show that (i) the Casimir force can have either sign, depending on $\mathsf{c}_1$ and $\mathsf{c}_2$, and (ii) for appropriate choices of the enhancements $\mathring{c}_j$, crossovers from attraction to repulsion and vice versa occur as $L$ increases.
description: 4 RevTeX pages, 2 eps figures; minor misprints corrected and 3 references added
Novel Stellar Astrophysics from Extended Gravity
Creators: name: Astashenok, A. V.
name: Capozziello, S.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel implications on neutron stars come from extended gravity. Specifically, the GW190814 event indicated the probability of having large mass stars in the mass-gap region $2.5-5\, M_{\odot}$. If the secondary component of GW190814 is a neutron star, such large masses are marginally supported by General Relativity (GR), since a very stiff Equation of State (EoS) would be needed to describe such large mass neutron stars, which would be incompatible with the GW170817 event, without any modification of gravity. In view of the two groundbreaking gravitational wave observations, we critically discuss the elevated role of extensions of GR towards the successful description of the GW190814 event, and we also speculate in a quantitative way on the important issue of the largest allowed neutron star mass.
description: EPL Accepted
Critical Behaviour of Structure Factors at a Quantum Phase Transition
Creators: name: Hamer, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the theoretical behaviour of the total and one-particle structure factors at a quantum phase transition for temperature T=0. The predictions are compared with exact or numerical results for the transverse Ising model, the alternating Heisenberg chain, and the bilayer Heisenberg model. At the critical wavevector, the results are generally in accord with theoretical expectations. Away from the critical wavevector, however, different models display quite different behaviours for the one-particle residues and structure factors.
description: 17 pp, 10 figures
Inequalities in cesarean births between American Indian & Alaska Native people and White people
Creators: name: Brooks, Jada L.
name: Margerison, Claire E.
name: Debbink, Michelle P.
name: Gartner, Danielle R.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
OBJECTIVE: To explore population-level American Indian & Alaska Native-White inequalities in cesarean birth incidence after accounting for differences in cesarean indication, age, and other individual-level risk factors. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: We used birth certificate data inclusive of all live births within the United States between January 1 and December 31, 2017. STUDY DESIGN: We calculated propensity score weights that simultaneously incorporate age, cesarean indication, and clinical and obstetric risk factors to estimate the American Indian and Alaska Native-White inequality. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Births to individuals identified as American Indian, Alaska Native, or White, and residing in one of the 50 US states or the District of Columbia were included. Births were excluded if missing maternal race/ethnicity or any other covariate. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: After weighing the American Indian and Alaska Native obstetric population to be comparable to the distribution of cesarean indication, age, and clinical and obstetric risk factors of the White population, the cesarean incidence among American Indian and Alaska Natives increased to 33.4% (95% CI: 32.0-34.8), 3.2 percentage points (95% CI: 1.8-4.7) higher than the observed White incidence. After adjustment, cesarean birth incidence remained higher and increased in magnitude among American Indian and Alaska Natives in Robson groups 1 (low risk, primary), 6 (nulliparous, breech presentation), and 9 (transverse/oblique lie). CONCLUSIONS: The unadjusted lower cesarean birth incidence observed among American Indian and Alaska Native individuals compared to White individuals may be related to their younger mean age at birth. After adjusting for this demographic difference, we demonstrate that American Indian and Alaska Native individuals undergo cesarean birth more frequently than White individuals with similar risk profiles, particularly within the low-risk Robson group 1 and those with non-cephalic presentations (Robson groups 6 and 9). Racism and bias in clinical decision making, structural racism, colonialism, or other unidentified factors may contribute to this inequality.
Superconductivity in Silicon Nanostructures
Creators: name: Bagraev, N. T.
name: Gehlhoff, W.
name: Klyachkin, L. E.
name: Malyarenko, A. M.
name: Romanov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the findings of the superconductivity in the silicon nanostructures prepared by short time diffusion of boron after preliminary oxidation of the n-type Si (100) surface. These Si-based nanostructures represent the p-type high mobility silicon quantum well (Si-QW) confined by the delta - barriers heavily doped with boron. The ESR studies show that the delta - barriers appear to consist of the trigonal dipole centers, B(+)-B(-), which are caused by the negative-U reconstruction of the shallow boron acceptors, 2B(0)=>B(+)-B(-). The temperature and magnetic field dependencies of the resistance, thermo-emf, specific heat and magnetic susceptibility demonstrate that the high temperature superconductivity observed seems to result from the transfer of the small hole bipolarons through these negative-U dipole centers of boron at the Si-QW - delta - barrier interfaces. The value of the superconductor energy gap obtained is in a good agreement with the data derived from the oscillations of the conductance in normal state and of the zero-resistance supercurrent in superconductor state as a function of the bias voltage. These oscillations appear to be correlated by on- and off-resonance tuning the two-dimensional subbands of holes with the Fermi energy in the superconductor delta - barriers. Finally, the proximity effect in the S- Si-QW -S structure is revealed by the findings of the multiple Andreev reflection (MAR) processes and the quantization of the supercurrent.
Zooming into the Collimation Zone in a Massive Protostellar Jet
Creators: name: Carrasco-González, Carlos
name: Sanna, Alberto
name: Rodríguez-Kamenetzky, Adriana
name: Moscadelli, Luca
name: Hoare, Melvin
name: Torrelles, José M.
name: Galván-Madrid, Roberto
name: Izquierdo, Andrés F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protostellar jets have a fundamental role at the earliest evolution of protostars of all masses. In the case of low-mass (<8 Msun) protostars, strong observational evidence exists that the launching and collimation is due to the X- and/or disk-wind mechanisms. In these models, it is the protostar/disk system that creates all the necessary conditions to launch and collimate the jets near the protostar via strong magnetic fields. The origin of jets from more massive protostars has been investigated much less, in part because of the difficulty of resolving the collimation zone in these more distant objects. Here we present the highest angular resolution observations of a jet powered by a massive protostar, the Cep A HW2 radio jet. We imaged the radio emission at projected distances of only ~20 au from the protostar, resolving the innermost 100 au of a massive protostellar jet for the first time. The morphology of the radio jet emission in this massive object is very different than what is usually observed in jets from low-mass protostars. We found that the outflowing material in HW2 has two components: a wide-angle wind launched from the protostar/disk system, and a highly collimated jet starting at 20-30 au from the protostar. We discuss two possible scenarios: an extension of the classical disk-wind to a massive protostar, or external collimation of a wide-angle wind. These results have important consequences for our understanding of how stars of different masses are formed.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Polynomial kernels for 3-leaf power graph modification problems
Creators: name: Bessy, Stephane
name: Paul, Christophe
name: Perez, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2; G.2.1; G.2.2

description: A graph G=(V,E) is a 3-leaf power iff there exists a tree T whose leaves are V and such that (u,v) is an edge iff u and v are at distance at most 3 in T. The 3-leaf power graph edge modification problems, i.e. edition (also known as the closest 3-leaf power), completion and edge-deletion, are FTP when parameterized by the size of the edge set modification. However polynomial kernel was known for none of these three problems. For each of them, we provide cubic kernels that can be computed in linear time for each of these problems. We thereby answer an open problem first mentioned by Dom, Guo, Huffner and Niedermeier (2005).
description: Submitted
The contribution of schooling to Canadian farm income
Creators: name: Labadan, Eloisa Marcos
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The basic objectives of this thesis are to build an earnings function for farm incomes of Canadian farm operators, and estimate the rate of return to schooling. It is hypothesized that the low levels of farm income are related to the low investment in education by farm operators. If reasonable estimates of positive returns to schooling are found, they will be useful for policy makers in considering the improvement of the quality of farm operator labour via schooling, as an alternative measure to increase farm income. To achieve the goals of this study, an earnings function is built for the group of entrepreneurs, in particular the farm operators. As a test of functional form a digression is made and a value added approach discussed and utilized as an alternative way of computing the contribution of schooling to farm income. Although both methods yielded significant estimates of the return to schooling comparable to previous studies, the value added approach was found to be a better specified formulation with respect to estimating the productivity of schooling in farm production. The estimate of the marginal product of schooling using the earnings function approach was found to be higher as we concentrated on the full-time farmers. For the value added approach, the estimates differed as we varied the input specification, being higher as we decrease the number of decision variables in the estimating equation. Estimates for both models however have their respective biases and shortcomings attributable mainly to the variables omitted in both specifications. These estimates could be improved with the availability of better specified variables and use of an alternative analytical procedure. In addition to providing strong evidence that schooling is a significant determinant of farm incomes, this study also led to another important conclusion. Using a transformed labour variable in the value added function at the census division level led to an important finding that a similar output-input relationship exists in the agricultural sectors of both the U.S. and Canada. Specifically the relationship was identical for the elasticities of output with respect to labour, with respect to education (schooling), and with respect to the weighted labour variable (product of labour and schooling) values of selected years.
Freie Republik HORA: Vom «Sprechen über» zum «Sprechen mit» Darstellenden mit geistiger Behinderung
Creators: name: Marinucci, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Behinderung
Regie
Sichtbarkeit
Publikumsgespräch
Professionalität
Eigenverantwortung
Mündigkeit

description: Die Inszenierung Disabled Theater (2012) von Theater HORA und Jérôme Bel verhalf dem sogenannten 'Behindertentheater' zur Sichtbarkeit auf den renommiertesten Festivalbühnen Europas, weshalb sich im deutschsprachigen Raum erstmals ein breiteres Publikum intensiv mit der Theater- sowie Tanzpraxis von und mit Darsteller*innen mit geistiger Behinderung auseinandersetzte. Eine bereits im Rahmen einer Masterarbeit exemplifizierte Rezeptionsanalyse konnte zeigen, dass sich ein Turn vom "Sprechen über" zum "Sprechen mit" Darstellenden mit geistiger Behinderung vollzogen hat. Gleichwohl fanden die Gespräche nicht auf einer Kommunikationsebene statt und das Theater HORA stellte sich die Frage, warum es so schwierig ist, mit den Künstler*innen über ihre Kunst zu sprechen, vor allem dann, wenn sie eine geistige Behinderung haben. Um Antworten auf diese Frage zu finden, erprobte das Langzeit-Performance-Projekt Freie Republik HORA gemeinsam mit dem SNF-Forschungsprojekt DisAbility on Stage neue Formen der Publikumsgesprächsführung, um ein Nachdenken darüber anzuregen, wie eine fruchtbare Kommunikation zwischen den Künstler*innen und den Zuschauenden zustande kommen kann.
description: + ID: 549445 + Reihentitel: MIMOS 2016
The HI absorption zoo: JVLA extension to $z \sim 0.4$
Creators: name: Murthy, Suma
name: Morganti, Raffaella
name: Oosterloo, Tom
name: Maccagni, Filippo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an HI 21cm absorption study of a sample of 26 radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) at $0.25 < z < 0.4$ carried out with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Our aim was to study the rate of incidence of HI in various classes of radio AGN, the morphology and kinematics of the HI, and the nature of the interaction between the HI and the radio source. Our sample consists of 14 extended sources and 12 compact sources in the radio-power range 10$^{25.7}$W/Hz$~-~10^{26.5}$W/Hz. We detect HI in 5 sources with a detection rate of $\sim$19%, similar to the detection rate at lower redshifts. The rest-frame UV luminosities of most of the sources in the sample, including all the detections, are below the proposed threshold above which the HI is supposed to have been ionised. The optical emission-line spectra show that despite their high radio powers, one-third of the sample, including two detections, are low-ionisation sources. The radio continuum emission from the HI detections is unresolved at kpc scales, but is extended on parsec scales. The detections have complex HI 21cm absorption profiles with FWZI ranging from 60 km/s to 700 km/s and exhibit remarkably high HI column densities in the range 10$^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$ to 10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$ for T$_{\rm spin}=$100 K and unit covering factor. A modelling of the HI 21cm absorption profiles suggests that in 2 sources the gas is disturbed, and in 3 cases, including the one with disturbed HI, the majority of the absorption is consistent with arising from an HI disc. Though we detect no fast HI outflows, the optical emission lines in the HI detections show the presence of highly disturbed gas in the nuclear region. Since some of our detections are low-ionisation AGN, this disturbance may be caused by the radio jets. Overall, our findings point towards a continuation of the low-$z$ trends in the incidence of HI in radio AGN up to $z \sim 0.4$.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
A Spectroscopic Survey of WNL Stars in the LMC: General Properties and Binary Status
Creators: name: Schnurr, O.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: St-Louis, N.
name: Morrell, N. I.
name: Guerrero-Roncel, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of an intense, spectroscopic survey of all 41 late-type, nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) observable with ground-based telescopes. This survey concludes the decade-long effort of the Montréal Massive Star Group to monitor every known WR star in the Magellanic Clouds except for the 6 crowded WNL stars in R136, which will be discussed elsewhere. The focus of our survey was to monitor the so-called WNL stars for radial-velocity (RV) variability in order to identify the short- to intermediate-period ($P \la 200$ days) binaries among them. Our results are in line with results of previous studies of other WR subtypes, and show that the binary frequency among LMC WNL stars is statistically consistent with that of WNL stars in the Milky Way. We have identified four previously unknown binaries, bringing the total number of known WNL binaries in the LMC to nine. Since it is very likely that none but one of the binaries are classical, helium-burning WNL stars, but rather superluminous, hence extremely massive, hydrogen-burning objects, our study has dramatically increased the number of known binaries harbouring such objects, and thus paved the way to determine their masses through model-independent, Keplerian orbits. It is expected that some of the stars in our binaries will be among the most massive known. With the binary status of each WR star now known, we also studied the photometric and X-ray properties of our program stars using archival MACHO photometry as well as Chandra and ROSAT data. We find that one of our presumably single WNL stars is among the X-ray brightest WR sources known. We also identify a binary candidate from its RV variability and X-ray luminosity which harbours the most luminous WR star known in the Local Group.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures; accepted for MNRAS
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Program Committee, External Reviewers
Creators: name: Hong, Seok-Hee
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Program Committee
subject: External Reviewers

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Program Committee, External Reviewers
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 64, 27th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2016), pages 0:i-0:xiv
Racial and Rural-Urban Disparities in Maternal Cardiac Disease Care in North Carolina: A Call to Action
Creators: name: Federspiel, Jerome J.
name: Meng, Marie-Louise
name: Livingston, Elizabeth G.
name: Quist-Nelson, Johanna
name: Small, Maria J.
name: Hughes, Brenna L.
name: Menard, M. Kathryn
name: Zambrano Guevara, Linda M.
name: Mallampati, Divya P.
name: Moyett, Julia M.
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2023

description:
Background Cardiac disease is a leading cause of severe maternal morbidity (SMM). We sought to estimate the effects of race and rural-urban status on cardiac-specific severe maternal morbidity (“cardiac SMM”) in North Carolina. Methods This retrospective study used the 2019 North Carolina State Inpatient Database (SID). Diagnosis codes were used to identify births, comorbidities, modified World Health Organization (mWHO) cardiac category, and outcomes. Hospital-level data were obtained from publicly available sources and the SID datasets. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac SMM. Results Of 106,778 births, 369 had mWHO category I–II disease, and 366 had mWHO category II/III–IV disease. Individuals with cardiac disease had higher rates of cardiac SMM (10.4% versus 0.27% versus 0.13% for mWHO II/III–IV, mWHO I/II, and no disease, respectively). Among patients with mWHO II/III–IV disease, 60.0% of rural residents delivered at hospitals with advanced cardiac capabilities versus 80.8% of urban residents; there were no statistically significant differences in cardiac SMM rates (11.3% versus 10.1% for rural versus urban individuals, P = NS). In contrast, there were pronounced disparities in cardiac SMM among Black individuals compared with White individuals (0.28% versus 0.13%, P < .001), especially among individuals with mWHO II/III–IV disease (23.71% versus 5.41%, P < .001). Limitations Cardiac disease and outcomes were identified based on diagnosis and procedure codes. Identifying complications subsequent to the delivery hospitalization was not possible. Conclusions In North Carolina, there is a pronounced racial disparity in cardiac SMM during delivery hospitalizations, which is driven by patients with mWHO II/III–IV disease.
Lepton flavour violation in the supersymmetric type-II seesaw mechanism
Creators: name: Joaquim, F. R.
name: Rossi, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the predictions for the radiative decays l_j->l_i γwithin the context of the supersymmetric type II seesaw mechanism considering universal boundary conditions for the soft SUSY breaking terms. The dependence on the low-energy neutrino parameters is discussed and the deviations from the analytical results for large $\tanβ$ analyzed.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the proceedings of 16th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY08), Seoul, Korea, 16-21 Jun 2008
title: 1958-1959_SALEMBIER Maurice_Le Relais de Sein, île des tempêtes
Creators: name: Salembier, Maurice
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Diplôme d'architecte

description: Prix du meilleur diplôme décerné par la SADG.
System size, energy, centrality and pseudorapidity dependence of charged-particle density in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: PHOBOS Collaboration
name: Veres, G. I.
name: Alver, B.
name: Back, B. B.
name: Baker, M. D.
name: Ballintijn, M.
name: Barton, D. S.
name: Betts, R. R.
name: Bickley, A. A.
name: Bindel, R.
name: Busza, W.
name: Carroll, A.
name: Chai, Z.
name: Chetluru, V.
name: Decowski, M. P.
name: García, E.
name: Gburek, T.
name: George, N.
name: Gulbrandsen, K.
name: Halliwell, C.
name: Hamblen, J.
name: Harnarine, I.
name: Hauer, M.
name: Henderson, C.
name: Hofman, D. J.
name: Hollis, R. S.
name: Hołyński, R.
name: Holzman, B.
name: Iordanova, A.
name: Johnson, E.
name: Kane, J. L.
name: Khan, N.
name: Kulinich, P.
name: Kuo, C. M.
name: Li, W.
name: Lin, W. T.
name: Loizides, C.
name: Manly, S.
name: Mignerey, A. C.
name: Nouicer, R.
name: Olszewski, A.
name: Pak, R.
name: Reed, C.
name: Richardson, E.
name: Roland, C.
name: Roland, G.
name: Sagerer, J.
name: Seals, H.
name: Sedykh, I.
name: Smith, C. E.
name: Stankiewicz, M. A.
name: Steinberg, P.
name: Stephans, G. S. F.
name: Sukhanov, A.
name: Szostak, A.
name: Tonjes, M. B.
name: Trzupek, A.
name: Vale, C.
name: van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.
name: Vaurynovich, S. S.
name: Verdier, R.
name: Walters, P.
name: Wenger, E.
name: Willhelm, D.
name: Wolfs, F. L. H.
name: Wosiek, B.
name: Woźniak, K.
name: Wyngaardt, S.
name: Wysłouch, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged particle pseudorapidity distributions are presented from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC, measured in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt{s_NN}=19.6, 22.4, 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV, as a function of collision centrality. The presentation includes the recently analyzed Cu+Cu data at 22.4 GeV. The measurements were made by the same detector setup over a broad range in pseudorapidity, |eta|<5.4, allowing for a reliable systematic study of particle production as a function of energy, centrality and system size. Comparing Cu+Cu and Au+Au results, we find that the total number of produced charged particles and the overall shape (height and width) of the pseudorapidity distributions are determined by the number of nucleon participants, N_part. Detailed comparisons reveal that the matching of the shape of the Cu+Cu and Au+Au pseudorapidity distributions over the full range of eta is better for the same N_part/2A value than for the same N_part value, where A denotes the mass number. In other words, it is the geometry of the nuclear overlap zone, rather than just the number of nucleon participants that drives the detailed shape of the pseudorapidity distribution and its centrality dependence.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Presented at the 20th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2008), Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 4-10 February 2008
A particle-hole model approach for hypernuclei
Creators: name: Martini, M.
name: De Donno, V.
name: Maieron, C.
name: Co', G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle-hole model is developed to describe the excitation spectrum of single lambda hypernuclei and the possible presence of collective effects is explored by making a comparison with the mean-field calculations. Results for the spectra of 12C, 16O, 40Ca, 90Zr and 208Pb single lambda hypernuclei are shown. The comparison with the available experimental data is satisfactory. We find that collective phenomena are much less important in hypernuclei than in ordinary nuclei.
description: 24 pages, 5 eps figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. A
Induced odd-frequency superconducting state in vertex-corrected Eliashberg theory
Creators: name: Schrodi, Fabian
name: Aperis, Alex
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that vertex corrections to Migdal's theorem in general induce an odd-frequency spin-triplet superconducting order parameter, which coexists with its more commonly known even-frequency spin-singlet counterpart. Fully self-consistent vertex-corrected Eliashberg theory calculations for a two dimensional cuprate model, isotropically coupled to an Einstein phonon, confirm that both superconducting gaps are finite over a wide range of temperatures. The subordinate $d$-wave odd-frequency superconducting gap is found to be one order of magnitude smaller than the primary even-frequency $d$-wave gap. Our study provides a direct proof of concept for a previously unknown generation mechanism of odd-frequency superconductivity as well as for the generic coexistence of both superconducting states in bulk materials.
Critical point for de-mixing of binary hard spheres
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Hideki
name: Rohrbach, Paul B.
name: Scheichl, Robert
name: Wilding, Nigel B.
name: Jack, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a two-level simulation method to analyse the critical point associated with demixing of binary hard sphere mixtures. The method exploits an accurate coarse-grained model with two-body and three-body effective interactions. Using this model within the two-level methodology allows computation of properties of the full (fine-grained) mixture. The critical point is located by computing the probability distribution for the number of large particles in the grand canonical ensemble, and matching to the universal form for the $3d$ Ising universality class. The results have a strong and unexpected dependence on the size ratio between large and small particles, which is related to three-body effective interactions, and the geometry of the underlying hard sphere packings.
description: 11 pages
Statistical Ensembles with Volume Fluctuations
Creators: name: Gorenstein, Mark I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The volume fluctuations in statistical mechanics are discussed. First, the volume fluctuations in ensembles with a fixed external pressure, the so called pressure ensembles, are considered. Second, a generalization of the pressure ensembles is suggested. Namely, the statistical ensembles with the volume fluctuating according to externally given distributions are considered. Several examples and possible applications in statistical models of hadron production are discussed.