Rafaelomyia singularis Soares & Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Soares, Matheus M. M.
name: Capellari, Renato S.
name: Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Rafaelomyia
Rafaelomyia singularis

description: Rafaelomyia singularis Soares & Capellari sp. nov.
(Figs 5, 6)
Diagnosis (males). Body length 2.5–3.0 mm (Fig. 5A); femora mostly brown to dark brown, except base and apex of all femora dark yellow (Fig. 5A, D); femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta at basal 1/3 (Fig. 5D); tibia III with posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae from apical 4/6 to 5.5/6; vein R 2+3 thickened at middle (Fig. 5F); outer branch of cercus with inner short and convex projection near apex (Fig. 6C, D); hypandrium slightly widening at apex, with two short digitiform apical projections curved ventrally (Fig. 6H, I); phallus widening at apex, with inner ventral acute preapical process and left preapical acute process narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F, G).
Description. Male (Fig. 5A). Body length: 2.5–3.0 mm; wing length: 2.6–3.0 mm, width: 1 mm (n = 4). Head (Fig. 5C). Similar to Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. except as noted: Frons mostly metallic dark blue purple. One pair of short postocellar setae. Thorax (Fig. 5A, B). Mesonotum mostly dark green with strong bluish reflections. Wing (Fig. 5F). Mostly hyaline, slightly brownish anteriorly, R 2+3 nearly straight, thickened at middle. Legs (Fig. 5A, D). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apex of anterior surface of coxa I, and apex of lateral surfaces of coxae I and II, all trochanters, base and apex of all femora yellow to dark yellow. Leg I (Fig. 5D). Podomere ratios: 32, 27, 16/7/5/3/4. Apical edge of coxa I with 3 slender short setae. Femur I with anteroventral row of short setae, ending in 2 longer preapical setae, posteroventral row of long sparse setae, ending in 1 preapical longer seta. Tibia I with posteroventral row of short, erect sparse setae from base to apex (slightly longer than width of tibia), 3 conspicuous anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6 and 5.5/6. Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of long erect setae, about 2X longer than width of podomere and extending to It 2 (all MSSC). Leg II (Fig. 5D). Podomere ratios: 34, 32, 20/11/8/6/5. Outer edge of coxa II with 3 long setae. Femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta at basal 1.5/6, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point (MSSC), antero- and posteroventral rows of setae increasing in length towards apex from apical 4/6 to apex. Tibia II with 1 long anterodorsal seta at 1.5/6 and 1 short dorsal seta at 1/6, 1 anterior and 1 posteroventral short preapical setae, 1 long ventral seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Leg III. Podomere ratios: 45, 40, 13/15/11/7/5. Femur III with anterodorsal row of long setae from base to apical 4/6, decreasing in length towards apex, ending in 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 1 antero- and 1 posteroventral long preapical seta. Tibia III with 4 pairs of antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 2.5/6, 4/6 and 5.5/6, posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae from apical 4/6 to 5.5/6, 1 short ventral seta at 4.5/6 and 1 long ventroapical seta, about as long as 1/2 of IIIt 1. Abdomen (Figs 5A, 6A). Mostly dark brown with weak blue purple reflections. Sternite 4 with narrow short concavity at posterior margin. Sternite 6 membranous, with 2 strong setae at posterior margin. Hypopygium (Figs 5E, 6B–I). Dark yellow. Cercus brownish, slightly longer than epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Figs 5E, 6B–D). Outer branch of cercus long, somewhat digitiform, subequally wide along entire length, with inner short, convex bare projection near apex, outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender curved yellow setae (Fig. 6C, D). Inner branch of cercus short slender, narrowing towards apex, about 1/2 as long as outer branch of cercus, dorsal edge covered with short erect setae, longer at apex (Fig. 6C, D). Surstylus somewhat subtriangular, with rounded apex, about 0.6X as long as epandrial capsule, and 1.5X longer than high, inner edge with 1 long and 1 short seta near base and group of wide, curved ribbon-like setae near apex (Fig. 6B, E). Hypandrium 2X longer than wide, slightly widening at apex with two short digitiform apical projections curved ventrally at apex (Fig. 6H, I). Phallus widening at apex, with inner ventral acute preapical process and left preapical acute process narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F, G). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, weakly fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 6B, F). Ejaculatory apodeme short, somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, slightly narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F).
Female. Unknown.
Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 5A) labelled as: “ PERU, Cusco, Quincemil, rio | Araza, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″ | W, 1000 m, 22–26.viii.2012 | sweep, J.A. Rafael & R.R. | Cavichioli ” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia singularis | Soares & Capellari [handwritten in red label]” (MUSM). Holotype condition: Good, not dissected, right tarsus III broken off. PARATYPE: same data as holotype (3 ♂, one dissected, MUSM; 3 ♂, INPA).
Etymology. From Latin “ singular ”, referring to the distinctive leg and terminalia features in males of the new species.
Remarks. Rafaelomyia singularis sp. nov. is easily recognized by the femora mostly brown to dark brown (Fig. 5A), femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta near base (Fig. 5D) and tibia III with posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae at apical 1/3.
Distribution. Rafaelomyia singularis sp. nov. is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).
description: Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S. & Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, 2023, Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae), pp. 151-172 in Zootaxa 5389 (2) on pages 160-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10406732