cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crescimento dos vales do Tietê e Paraná: um enfoque de estoques de capitais
Creators: name: Bernardes, Elaine Mendonca
name: Peres, Fernando Curi
name: Pavarina, Paula R. De J. Pinsetta
name: Bernardes, Elaine Mendonca
name: Peres, Fernando Curi
name: Pavarina, Paula R. De J. Pinsetta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Economic growth
subject: Economic development
subject: Regional development
subject: Capital stocks
subject: Income

description: The study aimed at identifying factors limiting the Tietê and Paraná valleys economic growth. Specifically, it analyzed the importance of the capital stocks for economic growth of these and the other counties in São Paulo State. Nine factors were generated by Principal Components Method to represent the capital stocks and were denominated: Human Capital I; Physical Capital; Social Capital I; Human Capital II; Financial Capital I; Social Capital II; Natural Capital I; Financial Capital II; Natural Capital II. The percentage of the total variance explained by each stock of capital was 19.5% (human); 8.3% (social); 6.0% (financial); 5.9% (physical), and 4.8% (natural). The study indicated that there are two different groups concerning the income index in the Estate of São Paulo and they must not be considered together. Linear regressions were adjusted with these factors explaining the income index that is part of the Human Development Index (HDI). Social Capital I (Associationism) was not in the solution in any group. The variable created to differentiate municipalities located close the rivers (dummy) did not enter the equations. This result suggests no difference between such municipalities and the others of the State, in the same income group, concerning the role oft the stocks of capital.
High-Affinity NH₄⁺ transport in rice (Oryza sativa L.) : physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology
Creators: name: Kumar, Anshuman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In plants, NH₄⁺ influx occurs via a saturable high-affinity, and a low-affinity transport system. Regulation of ¹³NH₄⁺ influx was studied by altering NH₄⁺ supply and pretreatments with amino acids. Diurnal variations in NH₄⁺ influx were also studied. Increased N pools caused NH₄⁺ influx to decrease, whereas reduced N pools increased NH₄⁺ influx. When rice plants were transferred from 10 pM to 10 mM NH₄⁺ , HATS influx of ¹³NH₄⁺ was rapidly down-regulated to < 20% within 72 h. Conversely, ¹³NH₄⁺ influx exhibited a steep increase following transfer from 10 mM to 10 μM NH₄⁺. Upon pretreatments with amino acids, NH₄⁺ influx was reduced. There was no major decline in NH₄⁺ influx when NH₄⁺ assimilation was blocked by MSX treatment; however when either Gin or Asn was added together with MSX, NH₄⁺ influx declined rapidly. Root concentrations of NH₄⁺ and all 4 amino acids increased substantially during downregulation of NH₄⁺ influx and were reduced during the up-regulation. Pretreatments with Gin, Asn, Glu, or Asp led to increased root concentrations of these amino acids as well as that of NH₄⁺ . When treated with MSX, root [NH₄⁺ ] increased several fold, while root [Gin] declined accompanied with increased root [Asn], [Glu], and [Asp]. Transcript levels of OsAMTl.l in roots decreased several fold within 48 hours of transfer from 10 pM to 10 mM NH₄⁺ . Likewise when plants acclimated in 10 mM NH₄⁺ were transferred to 10 uM NH₄⁺ , there was an equally rapid up-regulation of OsAMTl.l and ¹³NH₄⁺ influx in the roots. Changes in transcript abundance following these treatments were in order OsAMTl.l > OsAMTl.l > OsAMTl.3. Amino acid pretreatments also reduced OsAMTl transcripts. MSX pretreatment slightly reduced OsAMTl.l transcripts in 12 h. However, additions of Gin or Asn with MSX caused a much greater reduction. OsAMTl.3 expression and ¹⁵NH₄⁺ influx increased approximately 3-fold late in the photoperiod, while OsAMTl.l and OsAMTl.2 exhibited only modest changes. Sucrose application during the dark period increased root sucrose concentration and OsAMTl.3 expression. Growth analysis and NH/ influx of transgenic lines, over-expressing OsAMTl.l in two cultivars were also undertaken. One over-expression line, 75-4, showed increased influx.
Competitividade da fruticultua brasileira no mercado internacional
Creators: name: Carvalho, Rosemeiry Melo
name: Cunha Filho, Miguel Henrique Da
name: Carvalho, Rosemeiry Melo
name: Cunha Filho, Miguel Henrique Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Comparative advantage
subject: Brazilian fruits

description: This article uses the indicator of revealed comparative advantage, the covering tax and the acting indicator to analyze the competitiveness of the Brazilian exports of fruits in the international market in the period between 1990 and 2003. The obtained results show that to chestnut-of-cashew, the mango and the melon represent the “strong points” of that section. However, among these, just the mango and the melon are in great situation of competitiveness. Other products of great importance, as the orange and the banana, are in “retreat situation”, with comparative disadvantage and participation loss in the main markets of destinies. In relation to the acting, the Brazilian horticulture has been enlarging his/her space in the international market, especially in Netherlands and United Kingdom.
Are U.S. Corn and Soybeans Becoming More Drought Tolerant?
Creators: name: Yu, Tian
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Yu, Tian
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: corn
subject: crop insurance rates
subject: drought tolerance
subject: soybean
subject: yield risk

description: An objective drought index that measures the dry and hot conditions adversely affecting crop yields is used in a regression analysis to test whether corn and soybeans have become more drought tolerant. Results indicate that corn yield losses, whether measured in quantity terms or as a percentage of mean yield, have decreased. The null hypothesis that the absolute level of soybean yield losses due to drought has not changed cannot be rejected. But yield losses in percentage terms have decreased over time. Because drought is the primary cause of yield loss in the U.S. crop insurance program and because U.S. crop insurance rates assume that percentage of yield losses are constant over time, these results indicate that U.S. crop insurance rates in the Corn Belt are too high.
Conditional generation of arbitrary single-mode quantum states of light by repeated photon subtractions
Creators: name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
name: Garcia-Patron, Raul
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for the conditional generation of arbitrary finite superpositions of (squeezed) Fock states in a single mode of a traveling optical field. The suggested setup requires only a source of squeezed states, beam splitters, strong coherent beams, and photodetectors with single-photon sensitivity. The method does not require photodetectors with a high efficiency nor with a single-photon resolution.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, RevTeX 4
Non-factorizable Contributions to $B \to ππ$ Decays
Creators: name: Feldmann, Thorsten
name: Hurth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate to what extent the experimental information on $B \to ππ$ branching fractions and CP asymmetries can be used to better understand the QCD dynamics in these decays. For this purpose we decompose the independent isospin amplitudes into factorizable and non-factorizable contributions. The former can be estimated within the framework of QCD factorization for exclusive $B$ decays. The latter vanish in the heavy-quark limit, $m_b \to \infty$, and are treated as unknown hadronic parameters. We discuss at some length in which way the non-factorizable contributions are treated in different theoretical and phenomenological frameworks. We point out the potential differences between the phenomenological treatment of power-corrections in the ``BBNS approach'', and the appearance of power -suppressed operators in soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). On that basis we define a handful of different (but generic) scenarios where the non-factorizable part of isospin amplitudes is parametrized in terms of three or four unknowns, which can be constrained by data. We also give some short discussion on the implications of our analysis for $B \to πK$ decays. In particular, since non-factorizable QCD effects in $B \to ππ$ may be large, we cannot exclude sizeable non-factorizable effects, which violate $SU(3)_F$ flavour symmetry, or even isospin symmetry (via long-distance QED effects). This may help to explain certain puzzles in connection with isospin-violating observables in $B \to πK$ decays.
description: published version, minor corrections
Composing Dinatural Transformations: Towards a Calculus of Substitution
Creators: name: McCusker, Guy
name: Santamaria, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dinatural transformations, which generalise the ubiquitous natural transformations to the case where the domain and codomain functors are of mixed variance, fail to compose in general; this has been known since they were discovered by Dubuc and Street in 1970. Many ad hoc solutions to this remarkable shortcoming have been found, but a general theory of compositionality was missing until Petric, in 2003, introduced the concept of g-dinatural transformations, that is, dinatural transformations together with an appropriate graph: he showed how acyclicity of the composite graph of two arbitrary dinatural transformations is a sufficient and essentially necessary condition for the composite transformation to be in turn dinatural. Here we propose an alternative, semantic rather than syntactic, proof of Petric's theorem, which the authors independently rediscovered with no knowledge of its prior existence; we then use it to define a generalised functor category, whose objects are functors of mixed variance in many variables, and whose morphisms are transformations that happen to be dinatural only in some of their variables. We also define a notion of horizontal composition for dinatural transformations, extending the well known version for natural transformations, and prove it is associative and unitary. Horizontal composition embodies substitution of functors into transformations and vice-versa, and is intuitively reflected from the string-diagram point of view by substitution of graphs into graphs.
Efeitos de acordos comerciais sobre o setor de carne bovina no Mercosul
Creators: name: Grundling, Roberta Dalla Porta
name: Waquil, Paulo Dabdab
name: Grundling, Roberta Dalla Porta
name: Waquil, Paulo Dabdab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Beef
subject: Mercosur
subject: International trade

description: This paper discusses the perspectives to production, exports, imports, prices and welfare levels (producer surplus and consumer surplus) to the beef sector in the MERCOSUR facing some scenarios of tariffs reductions at the multilateral and regional levels. We use a Spatial Allocation Model formulated as a Mixed Complementarity Problem. We got a base scenario for the world markets, and then we simulated scenarios with reductions of tariffs. In the base scenario, MERCOSUR and Oceania are exporters and the other regions produce for domestic consumption, and some of them are importers. When we analyze the aggregate welfare level in MERCOSUR, the multilateral free trade is the scenario that brings the highest benefits.
Four Sorts of Mesons
Creators: name: Bugg, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report reviews the extensive spectrum of light non-strange qbar-q states up to a mass of 2400 MeV from Crystal Barrel and PS172 data on pbar-p -> Resonance -> A + B in 17 final states. For I=0, C=+1, the spectrum is complete and very secure. Glueball candidates fo(1500), fo(2100), f_2(1950) and eta(2190) are reviewed and also hybrid candidates eta_2(1870) and pi_2(1880). A fourth category of anomalously light 0+ mesons is made of sigma(540), kappa(750), a_0(980) and f_0(980).
description: 121 pages, 81 figures, 6.8 Gbytes. Reprints available from D.Bugg@RL.AC.UK
THE ALGORITHM OF THE MATRIX APPROACH TO THE RATIONAL USE OF RAW MATERIALS IN THE MEAT PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Adbikerimova, G.
name: Kulanova, D.
name: Yesbolova, A.
name: Inkarbek, A.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: meat hub
meat-processing production
development of the livestock industry
economic efficiency

description: Sustainable development of the meat industry, as a strategic branch of the economy, is necessary, because it contributes to strengthening the country's food security, improving the welfare of the people, improving the health of the nation, solving the demographic problem. It is here that the raw material base for meat processing enterprises is being created. The purpose of the study is to form theoretical positions, scientific and methodological approaches to the development of an algorithm for the rational use of raw materials in the meat processing industry. The article develops a mechanism for organizing input control of raw materials as a guarantor of ensuring sustainable development of meat processing industry enterprises. The Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. fund this study AP09261075 Formation of the model of the regional food hub as a horizontally integrated structure for ensuring food security (on the example of the meat cluster of Turkestan region) for 2021-2023.
1. Prof A. Maleki_Figures NMR_ESM.doc from Green and efficient three-component synthesis of 4H-pyran catalysed by CuFe2O4@starch as a magnetically recyclable bionanocatalyst
Creators: name: Kamalzare, Maryam
name: Bayat, Mohammad
name: Maleki, Ali
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: The development of simple, practical and inexpensive catalysis systems using natural materials is one of the main goals of pharmaceutical chemistry as well as green chemistry. Owing to the ability of easy separation of nanocatalyst, those goals could be approached by applying heterogeneous bionanocatalyst in combination with magnetic nanoparticles. Starch is one of the most abundant natural polymers; therefore, preparing bionanocatalyst from starch is very valuable as starch is largely available and inexpensive. An ecologically benign and efficacious heterogeneous nanocatalyst was prepared based on a biopolymer, and its attributes and morphology were specified by using Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements; followed by studying catalytic behaviour of bionanocomposite in a multicomponent reaction to synthesize of 4H-pyran derivatives. 4H-pyran is extremely valuable in pharmaceutical chemistry, and the development of methods for synthesis of different derivatives of 4H-pyran is momentous. Revealing environmentally benign nature, mild condition, easy work-up, low cost and non-toxicity are some of the advantages of this protocol. Besides, the bionanocomposite was recovered using an external magnetic bar and could be re-used at least six times with no further decrease in its catalytic activity.
Consumer Attitudes toward Milk Products Produced from Cloned Cows
Creators: name: Butler, Leslie J.
name: Wolf, Marianne McGarry
name: Bandoni, Stacey
name: Butler, Leslie J.
name: Wolf, Marianne McGarry
name: Bandoni, Stacey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The use of simulated test-marketing technology and concept exposure for a branded and priced milk product shows that consumers had similar purchase interest for the full-priced product and the product offered at a 25-percent discount when they were told that the reason for the discount was that the product was produced using biotechnology. Furthermore, there was a slight reduction in purchase interest in the discounted milk when consumers were told that the product was from cloned cows. However, when consumers were offered the conventional product at the market price and they were later told that the product was from cloned cows, the purchase interest dropped from 25 percent to only 6.3 percent. Thus if producers adopt the cloning process and do not educate the consumers and pass along the benefits of lower-priced milk, it appears that consumers will react negatively when they learn of the change in production method and may purchase a different brand or type of milk.
Upper Trust Bound Feasibility Criterion for Mixed Constrained Bayesian Optimization with Application to Aircraft Design
Creators: name: Priem, Rémy
name: Bartoli, Nathalie
name: Diouane, Youssef
name: Sgueglia, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6; I.2.6; J.2
subject: 90C26, 68T05

description: Bayesian optimization methods have been successfully applied to black box optimization problems that are expensive to evaluate. In this paper, we adapt the so-called super effcient global optimization algorithm to solve more accurately mixed constrained problems. The proposed approach handles constraints by means of upper trust bound, the latter encourages exploration of the feasible domain by combining the mean prediction and the associated uncertainty function given by the Gaussian processes. On top of that, a refinement procedure, based on a learning rate criterion, is introduced to enhance the exploitation and exploration trade-off. We show the good potential of the approach on a set of numerical experiments. Finally, we present an application to conceptual aircraft configuration upon which we show the superiority of the proposed approach compared to a set of the state-of-the-art black box optimization solvers. Keywords: Global Optimization, Mixed Constrained Optimization, Black box optimization, Bayesian Optimization, Gaussian Process.
description: 59 pages, 27 figures
Primary Energy Measurement with EAS Cherenkov Light: Experiment QUEST and CORSIKA Simulation
Creators: name: Korosteleva, E.
name: Kuzmichev, L.
name: Prosin, V.
name: Lubsandorzhiev, B.
name: Collaboration, Eas-Top
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new primary mass independent method of energy measurement has been developed by exploiting: a) the joint analysis of the shower size, obtained by EAS-TOP, and of the EAS atmospheric Cherenkov light lateral distribution, obtained by the QUEST array, and b) simulations based on the CORSIKA/QGSJET code. The method is based on the correlation between the size/energy ratio and the steepness of Cherenkov light lateral distribution and has been compared with a "classical" one based on the Cherenkov light flux at a fixed distance (175 m) from the EAS core. An absolute energy calibration of the EAS atmospheric Cherenkov light flux has been obtained.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to be published in IJMPA
Metallicity of M dwarfs I. A photometric calibration and impact on the mass-luminosity relation at the bottom of the main sequence
Creators: name: Bonfils, X.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Udry, S.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Ségransan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained high resolution ELODIE and CORALIE spectra for both components of 20 wide visual binaries composed of an F-, G- or K-dwarf primary and an M-dwarf secondary. We analyse the well understood spectra of the primaries to determine metallicities ([Fe/H]) for these 20 systems, and hence for their M dwarf components. We pool these metallicities with determinations from the literature to obtain a precise (+- 0.2 dex) photometric calibration of M dwarf metallicities. This calibration represents a breakthrough in a field where discussions have had to remain largely qualitative, and it helps us demonstrate that metallicity explains most of the large dispersion in the empirical V-band mass-luminosity relation. We examine the metallicity of the two known M-dwarf planet-host stars, Gl 876 (+0.02 dex) and Gl 436 (-0.03 dex), in the context of preferential planet formation around metal-rich stars. We finally determine the metallicity of the 47 brightest single M dwarfs in a volume limited sample, and compare the metallicity distributions of solar-type and M-dwarf stars in the solar neighbourhood.
description: final version, accepted for publication (A&A)
A High Statistics Study of the Decay tau- -> pi- pi0 nu
Creators: name: The Belle Collaboration
name: Abe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the branching fraction for tau- -> pi- pi0 nu and the invariant mass spectrum of the resulting pi- pi0 system using 72.2 /fb of data recorded by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. The branching fraction obtained is (25.15 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.31)%, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The unfolded pi- pi0 mass spectrum is used to determine resonance parameters for the rho(770), rho'(1450), and rho''(1700) mesons. We also use this spectrum to estimate the hadronic contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
description: 23 pages, 10 Postscript figures, 7 tables, contributed to the International Europhysics Conference, EPS2005, in Lisbon, Portugal
Information scrambling vs. decoherence -- two competing sinks for entropy
Creators: name: Touil, Akram
name: Deffner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible solution of the information paradox can be sought in quantum information scrambling. In this paradigm, it is postulated that all information entering a black hole is rapidly and chaotically distributed across the event horizon making it impossible to reconstruct the information by means of any local measurement. However, in this scenario the effects of decoherence are typically ignored, which may render information scrambling moot in cosmological settings. In this work, we develop key steps towards a thermodynamic description of information scrambling in open quantum systems. In particular, we separate the entropy production into contributions arising from scrambling and decoherence, for which we derive statements of the second law. This is complemented with a numerical study of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev, Maldacena-Qi, XXX, mixed field Ising, Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick models in the presence of decoherence in energy or computational basis.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Global estimation and scenario-based projections of sex ratio at birth and missing female births using a Bayesian hierarchical time series mixture model
Creators: name: Chao, Fengqing
name: Gerland, Patrick
name: Cook, Alex R.
name: Alkema, Leontine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P25 (Primary) 91D20, 62F15, 62M10 (Secondary)

description: The sex ratio at birth (SRB) is defined as the ratio of male to female live births. The SRB imbalance in parts of the world over the past several decades is a direct consequence of sex-selective abortion, driven by the co-existence of son preference, readily available technology of prenatal sex determination, and fertility decline. Estimation and projection of the degree of SRB imbalance is complicated because of variability in SRB reference levels and because of the uncertainty associated with SRB observations. We develop Bayesian hierarchical time series mixture models for SRB estimation and scenario-based projections for all countries from 1950 to 2100. We model the SRB regional and national reference levels, and the fluctuation around national reference levels. We identify countries at risk of SRB imbalances and model both (i) the absence or presence of sex ratio transitions in such countries and, if present, (ii) the transition process. The transition model of SRB imbalance captures three stages (increase, stagnation and convergence back to SRB baselines). The model identifies countries with statistical evidence of SRB inflation in a fully Bayesian approach. The scenario-based SRB projections are based on the sex ratio transition model with varying assumptions regarding the occurrence of a sex ratio transition in at-risk countries. Projections are used to quantify the future burden of missing female births due to sex-selective abortions under different scenarios.
Pseudoscalar and vector mesons as q\bar{q} bound states
Creators: name: Krassnigg, A.
name: Maris, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-body bound states such as mesons are described by solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. We discuss recent results for the pseudoscalar and vector meson masses and leptonic decay constants, ranging from pions up to c\bar{c} bound states. Our results are in good agreement with data. Essential in these calculation is a momentum-dependent quark mass function, which evolves from a constituent-quark mass in the infrared region to a current-quark mass in the perturbative region. In addition to the mass spectrum, we review the electromagnetic form factors of the light mesons. Electromagnetic current conservation is manifest and the influence of intermediate vector mesons is incorporated self-consistently. The results for the pion form factor are in excellent agreement with experiment.
description: 8 pages, 6 .eps figures, contribution to the proceedings of the first meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadron Physics, Fermilab, Oct. 2004
'Growing Evanescent Envelopes and Anomalous Tunneling' in Cascaded Sets of Frequency-Selective Surfaces in Their Stop Bands
Creators: name: Alu, Andrea
name: Engheta, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of wave tunneling and the 'growing evanescent envelope' for field distributions in suitably designed, periodically layered stacks of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) is discussed in this paper. Here it is shown that a setup completely different completely different from the Pendry's lens allows an analogous buildup of evanescently modulated waves. In particular, it is shown how an interface resonance phenomenon similar to the one present at the interface between metamaterials with oppositely signed constitutive parameters may be induced by a proper choice of the periodicities of the FSS stacks and the geometrical properties of these surfaces. The analysis is performed through an equivalent transmission-line approach, and some physical insights into this phenomenon are presented. Salient features, such as the complete wave tunneling through the pair of cascaded FSS, each operating at its bandgap, are presented and discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Physical review E
DSMC evaluation of the Navier-Stokes shear viscosity of a granular fluid
Creators: name: Montanero, J. M.
name: Santos, A.
name: Garzo, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method based on the simple shear flow modified by the introduction of a deterministic non-conservative force and a stochastic process is proposed to measure the Navier-Stokes shear viscosity in a granular fluid described by the Enskog equation. The method is implemented in DSMC simulations for a wide range of values of dissipation and density. It is observed that, after a certain transient period, the system reaches a hydrodynamic stage which tends to the Navier-Stokes regime for long times. The results are compared with theoretical predictions obtained from the Chapman-Enskog method in the leading Sonine approximation, showing quite a good agreement, even for strong dissipation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; to appear in Rarefied Gas Dynamics: 24th International Symposium (AIP Conference Proceedings)
Electron Transport and Hot Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Lazzeri, M.
name: Piscanec, S.
name: Mauri, F.
name: Ferrari, A. C.
name: Robertson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the key role of phonon occupation in limiting the high-field ballistic transport in metallic carbon nanotubes. In particular, we provide a simple analytic formula for the electron transport scattering length, that we validate by accurate first principles calculations on (6,6) and (11,11) nanotubes. The comparison of our results with the scattering lengths fitted from experimental I-V curves indicates the presence of a non-equilibrium optical phonon heating induced by electron transport. We predict an effective temperature for optical phonons of thousands Kelvin.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Model-independent discovery prospects for primordial black holes at LIGO
Creators: name: Lehmann, Benjamin V.
name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Yant, Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes may encode the conditions of the early universe, and may even constitute a significant fraction of cosmological dark matter. Their existence has yet to be established. However, black holes with masses below $\sim1~\mathrm{M}_\odot$ cannot form as an endpoint of stellar evolution, so the detection of even one such object would be a smoking gun for new physics, and would constitute evidence that at least a fraction of the dark matter consists of primordial black holes. Gravitational wave detectors are capable of making a definitive discovery of this kind by detecting mergers of light black holes. But since the merger rate depends strongly on the shape of the black hole mass function, it is difficult to determine the potential for discovery or constraint as a function of the overall abundance of black holes. Here, we directly maximize and minimize the merger rate to connect observational results to the actual abundance of observable objects. We show that LIGO can discover mergers of light primordial black holes within the next decade even if such black holes constitute only a very small fraction of dark matter. A single merger event involving such an object would (i) provide conclusive evidence of new physics, (ii) establish the nature of some fraction of dark matter, and (iii) probe cosmological history at scales far beyond those observable today.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Matched published version
Comments on the high energy limit of bosonic open string theory
Creators: name: Chan, Chuan-Tsung
name: Ho, Pei-Ming
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Teraguchi, Shunsuke
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous works, ratios among four-point scattering amplitudes at the leading order in the high-energy limit were derived for the bosonic open string theory. The derivation was based on Ward identities derived from the decoupling of zero-norm states and was purely algebraic. The only assumption of the derivation was that the momentum polarization can be approximated by the longitudinal polarization at high energies. In this paper, using the decoupling of spurious states, we reduce this assumption to a much weaker one which can be easily verified by simple power counting in most cases. For the special cases which are less obvious, we verify the new assumption for an example by saddle-point approximation. We also provide a new perspective to our previous results in terms of DDF states. In particular, we show that, by using DDF states, one can easily see that there is only one independent high energy scattering amplitude for each fixed mass level.
description: 14 pages, no figure
Proposition de méthodologie pour l’élaboration des plans de sécurité alimentaire de trois cercles test
Creators: name: Staatz, John M.
name: Staatz, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mali

description: The process of elaborating food security plans for 3 townships (cercles) (which will test the methods for later elaboration to other townships), covering a period of five years, will consist of technical and material preparation, collecting and analysis of documents, research on the ground, submission of a provisional report to local authorities and PASIDMA, organization of validation workshops, writing of a final report, and adoption of the respective five-year plans by each Township Council. The five years plan will take into account the existing local development plans. The process will be participatory through the implication of district development partners, consultations, dialogues, inquiries, and solicitation of experts; and will include gender equity.
description: Presidence De La Republique; Republique Du Mali Un Peuple Un But Une Foi; Commissariat A La Securite Alimentaire; Comite Technique De Coordination Des Politiques De Securite Alimentaire; Secretariat Technique
On the observed disc temperature of accreting intermediate mass black holes
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Ross, R. R.
name: Miller, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some ultraluminous X-ray sources in nearby galaxies show soft components resembling thermal disc emission. Calculations based on blackbody emission then indicate that the accreting black holes at the centres of these discs have masses of 100s to 1000s Msun. Establishing the existence of such intermediate mass black holes is of considerable importance so the assumptions and approximations lying behind blackbody spectral fits must be examined. We study here the basic assumption that the thermal emission is well-characterised by a multi-temperature blackbody spectrum. Since the opacity in the surface layers of a disc decreases at high energies the emergent spectrum is hardened. We compute the observed spectra from discs around a non-spinning 1000 Msun black hole and fit them over the XMM-Newton pn band with multi-colour disc models. The typical overall spectra hardening factor usually adopted for discs around stellar mass black hole (assuming an inclination of 60 deg and including relativistic effects for a non-spinning black hole) is found to be appropriate.
description: 4 pages, 2 figs, to appear in MNRAS
General parametrization of higher-dimensional black holes and its application to Einstein-Lovelock theory
Creators: name: Konoplya, Roman A.
name: Pappas, Thomas D.
name: Stuchlík, Zdenek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we have developed the general parametrization for spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat black-hole spacetimes in an arbitrary metric theory of gravity. The parametrization is similar in spirit to the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) approximation, but valid in the whole space outside the event horizon, including the near horizon region. This generalizes the continued-fraction expansion method in terms of a compact radial coordinate suggested by Rezzolla and Zhidenko [Phys.Rev.D 90 8, 084009 (2014)] for the four-dimensional case. As the first application of our higher-dimensional parametrization we have approximated black-hole solutions of the Einstein-Lovelock theory in various dimensions. This allows one to write down the black-hole solution which depends on many parameters (coupling constants in front of higher curvature terms) in a very compact analytic form, which depends only upon a few parameters of the parametrization. The approximate metric deviates from the exact (but extremely cumbersome) expressions by fractions of one percent even at the first order of the continued-fraction expansion, which is confirmed here by computation of observable quantities, such as quasinormal modes of the black hole.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 2 Tables, 1 ancillary Mathematica(R) notebook, version to match the one published in Phys. Rev. D
The Right Tools for the Job: The Case for Spatial Science Tool-Building
Creators: name: Boeing, Geoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper was presented as the 8th annual Transactions in GIS plenary address at the American Association of Geographers annual meeting in Washington, DC. The spatial sciences have recently seen growing calls for more accessible software and tools that better embody geographic science and theory. Urban spatial network science offers one clear opportunity: from multiple perspectives, tools to model and analyze nonplanar urban spatial networks have traditionally been inaccessible, atheoretical, or otherwise limiting. This paper reflects on this state of the field. Then it discusses the motivation, experience, and outcomes of developing OSMnx, a tool intended to help address this. Next it reviews this tool's use in the recent multidisciplinary spatial network science literature to highlight upstream and downstream benefits of open-source software development. Tool-building is an essential but poorly incentivized component of academic geography and social science more broadly. To conduct better science, we need to build better tools. The paper concludes with paths forward, emphasizing open-source software and reusable computational data science beyond mere reproducibility and replicability.
Improving Information and Performance in Grain Marketing: an Assessment of Current Market Information Systems, and Recommendations for Developing a Public Grain MIS
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Diskin, Patrick K.
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Clay, Daniel C.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Diskin, Patrick K.
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Clay, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food security
subject: food policy

description: This paper focuses on one dimension which is at the core of all modern economies: how to provide private and public agents with timely and accurate information regarding current and expected future market conditions. Its objective is to show the need for a public market information system for agricultural markets in Ethiopia, and to present concrete proposals that can be reviewed, debated, and modified as necessary by the relevant Ethiopian authorities in collaboration with Food Security Research Project (FSRP) personnel.
Toward a Research Agenda to Promote Household Access to Food in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Molla, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Ethiopia
subject: food aid
subject: food production

description: The objective of this report is to review available evidence on the potential to promote access to food for vulnerable groups in Ethiopia through two main methods: food transfer programs, and appropriate policies influencing the food marketing system. These issues are examined with a view to identifying priority issues for analysis under the MEDAC/MSU/USAID Food Security Project in Ethiopia. In particular, the report presents trends in food aid and food production in Ethiopia, and provides preliminary evidence of the possible disincentive effects of food aid on agricultural production incentives and investments in the food marketing system; discusses the costs and benefits of various food aid transfer programs, and highlights major unresolved issues requiring further analysis to guide Ethiopian policy makers' decisions on strategies to promote household food security; presents a set of "guiding principles" to minimize the trade-offs between meeting vulnerable groups' immediate food needs and promoting agricultural productivity growth over the long run; and identifies important unresolved issues for further analysis, in order to guide Ethiopian policy makers' decisions on ensuring household access to food through an appropriate mix of market and transfer mechanisms.
THE KANO MODEL IN STUDYING OF THE WORK MOTIVATION STRUCTURE
Creators: name: Poskrypko Yu.
name: Bielova, O.
name: Poskrypko, D.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: work motivation
work motivation structure
employee satisfaction
Kano Model
project-oriented enterprises
project teams.

description: The purpose of this work is to determine the structure of work motivation factors with the Kano model and their possible impact on the performance of employees of project-oriented small and medium-sized enterprises (SME’s). This is one of the first articles in which the Kano method is applied to study the work motivation structure of employees (members of project teams) of project-oriented enterprises.
Precision measurement of the $E2$ transition strength to the 2$^+_1$ state of $^{12}$C
Creators: name: D'Alessio, A.
name: Mongelli, T.
name: Arnold, M.
name: Bassauer, S.
name: Birkhan, J.
name: Hilcker, M.
name: Hüther, T.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Jürgensen, L.
name: Klaus, T.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Ponomarev, V. Yu.
name: Ries, P. C.
name: Roth, R.
name: Singer, M.
name: Steinhilber, G.
name: Vobig, K.
name: Werner, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form factor of the electromagnetic excitation of $^{12}$C to its 2$^+_1$ state was measured at extremely low momentum transfers in an electron scattering experiment at the S-DALINAC. A combined analysis with the world form factor data results in a reduced transition strength $B(E2; 2^+_1\rightarrow 0^+_1) =7.63(19)$ e$^2$fm$^4$ with an accuracy improved to 2.5\%. In-Medium-No Core Shell Model results with interactions derived from chiral effective field theory are capable to reproduce the result. A quadrupole moment $Q(2^+_1) = 5.97(30)$ efm$^2$ can be extracted from the strict correlation with the $B((E2)$ strength emerging in the calculations.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
title: Exklusion oder Inklusion? Wahrgenommene und realisierte Einbindung von Spitzenforscher*innen in formale und informelle Netzwerke
Creators: name: Kegen, Nadine V.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Exzellenzinitiative
subject: Formale Netzwerke
subject: Hochschule
subject: Informelle Netzwerke
subject: Netzwerk
subject: Soziale Netzwerkanalyse
subject: Spitzenforschung
subject: ddc:303

description: Der Artikel eruiert die subjektiv wahrgenommene sowie tatsächlich realisierte Einbettung von Frauen und Männern in formale und informelle Netzwerke der Spitzenforschung. Im Fokus steht die Frage, inwiefern die eigene Einbindung treffsicher eingeschätzt werden kann und ob Geschlechterdifferenzen bestehen. Zum einen nimmt die Studie Bezug auf Befunde, wonach sich Wissenschaftlerinnen schlechter involviert sehen. Zum anderen leistet sie einen methodischen Beitrag, da eine quantitative Matchinganalyse von gefühlter und realer Einbindung durchgeführt wird. Für die empirische Analyse wird auf Daten von Principal Investigators aus Clustern der Exzellenzinitiative zugegriffen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Spitzenforscherinnen ihre formale Eingliederung in akademische Strukturen akkurater einschätzen können als Männer. Zudem weisen die Resultate darauf hin, dass die allgemeine These einer schlechteren Einbettung von Frauen für die Spitzenforschung nicht bestätigt werden kann.
Toward Increased Cereals Production in Ethiopia: Using a Commodity Systems Approach to Evaluate Strategic Constraints and Opportunities
Creators: name: Howard, Julie A.
name: Said, Ali
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Diskin, Patrick K.
name: Bogale, Seifu
name: Howard, Julie A.
name: Said, Ali
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Diskin, Patrick K.
name: Bogale, Seifu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Ethiopia
subject: cereals

description: The objective of this paper is to present a framework and process that can be used by Ethiopians for strategic planning in the cereals system, to highlight the most important constraints to increased productivity and identify critical investments to alleviate them. The paper uses the framework to take a "first cut" at identifying major constraints and opportunities, and areas requiring further research, drawing on findings from a rapid appraisal of major food surplus and deficit areas.
Designing Strategies to Support a Transformation of Agriculture in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Molla, Daniel
name: Gebre, Hagos
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Shaffer, James D.
name: Molla, Daniel
name: Gebre, Hagos
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Shaffer, James D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Ethiopia

description: The paper consists of three parts. The first part of the paper is a review of agricultural performance in Ethiopia over the past forty years. The second part diagnoses agricultural system performance and food security problems in Ethiopia and discusses some tentative practical strategies for promoting an agricultural transformation, and with it, increased productivity, income growth, and food security over the long run. The third part describes the general approach to promoting an agricultural transformation and food security for Ethiopia. It is conceptual and procedural. It draws from the lessons of economic history and theory applied to the current situation in Ethiopia.