cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Schur-Weyl duality as an instrument of Gauge-String duality
Creators: name: Ramgoolam, Sanjaye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A class of mathematical dualities have played a central role in mapping states in gauge theory to states in the spacetime string theory dual. This includes the classical Schur-Weyl duality between symmetric groups and Unitary groups, as well as generalisations involving Brauer and Hecke algebras. The physical string dualities involved include examples from the AdS/CFT correspondence as well as the string dual of two-dimensional Yang Mills.
description: 10 pages,talk given at ``Ten years of AdS/CFT,'' Buenos Aires, December 19-21, 2007
Quantum Inverse Scattering Method with anyonic grading
Creators: name: Batchelor, M T
name: Foerster, A
name: Guan, X-W
name: Links, J
name: Zhou, H-Q
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20, 82B23

description: We formulate the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method for the case of anyonic grading. This provides a general framework for constructing integrable models describing interacting hard-core anyons. Through this method we reconstruct the known integrable model of hard core anyons associated with the XXX model, and as a new application we construct the anyonic $t-J$ model. The energy spectrum for each model is derived by means of a generalisation of the algebraic Bethe ansatz. The grading parameters implementing the anyonic signature give rise to sector-dependent phase factors in the Bethe ansatz equations.
description: 14 pages, revised version, some clarifications in text, references added and upated
Vision Transformer for Fast and Efficient Scene Text Recognition
Creators: name: Atienza, Rowel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scene text recognition (STR) enables computers to read text in natural scenes such as object labels, road signs and instructions. STR helps machines perform informed decisions such as what object to pick, which direction to go, and what is the next step of action. In the body of work on STR, the focus has always been on recognition accuracy. There is little emphasis placed on speed and computational efficiency which are equally important especially for energy-constrained mobile machines. In this paper we propose ViTSTR, an STR with a simple single stage model architecture built on a compute and parameter efficient vision transformer (ViT). On a comparable strong baseline method such as TRBA with accuracy of 84.3%, our small ViTSTR achieves a competitive accuracy of 82.6% (84.2% with data augmentation) at 2.4x speed up, using only 43.4% of the number of parameters and 42.2% FLOPS. The tiny version of ViTSTR achieves 80.3% accuracy (82.1% with data augmentation), at 2.5x the speed, requiring only 10.9% of the number of parameters and 11.9% FLOPS. With data augmentation, our base ViTSTR outperforms TRBA at 85.2% accuracy (83.7% without augmentation) at 2.3x the speed but requires 73.2% more parameters and 61.5% more FLOPS. In terms of trade-offs, nearly all ViTSTR configurations are at or near the frontiers to maximize accuracy, speed and computational efficiency all at the same time.
description: To appear at ICDAR2021 Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science series
What Are the Causes of Super Activity of Solar Active Regions?
Creators: name: Dhakal, Suman K.
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flare productivity varies among solar active regions (ARs). This study analyzed 20 ARs of contrasting sunspot areas and flare productivities to understand the super flare productivity of certain ARs. We used the flare index (FI) as an indicator of flare activity. We examined the pattern of morphological evolution of magnetic features. Further, we derived a set of magnetic feature parameters to quantitatively characterize ARs. Our study found that the correlation coefficient is the highest (r = 0.78) between FI and the length of the strong gradient polarity inversion line (SgPIL), while the coefficient is the lowest (r = 0.14) between FI and the total unsigned magnetic flux. For the selected ARs, this study also found that the super flare productive ARs have SgPILs (R value) longer (greater) than 50 Mm (4.5). These results suggest that flare productivity is mainly controlled by the size of the subregion that comprises close interaction of opposite magnetic polarities and is weakly correlated with the size of the whole ARs. Further, even though magnetic flux emergence is important, this study shows that it alone is insufficient to increase flare productivity. New emergence can drive either the interaction of like or opposite magnetic polarities of nonconjugate pairs (i.e., polarities not from the same bipole). In the former case, the magnetic configuration remains simple, and flare productivity would be low. In the latter case, the convergence of opposite magnetic fluxes of nonconjugate pairs results in a magnetic configuration with long SgPIL and an increase in flare productivity.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, published in ApJ
QED Effects on Kerr Black Hole Shadows immersed in uniform magnetic fields
Creators: name: Zhong, Zhen
name: Hu, Zezhou
name: Yan, Haopeng
name: Guo, Minyong
name: Chen, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, taking the QED effect into account, we investigate the shadows of the Kerr black holes immersed in uniform magnetic fields through the numerical backward ray-tracing method. We introduce a dimensionless parameter $Λ$ to characterize the strength of magnetic fields and studied the influence of magnetic fields on the Kerr black hole shadows for various spins of the black holes and inclination angles of the observers. In particular, we find that the photon "hairs" appear near the left edge of the shadow in the presence of magnetic fields. The photon hairs may be served as a signature of the magnetic fields. We notice that the photon hairs become more evident when the strength of magnetic fields or the spin of the black hole becomes larger. In addition, we study the deformation of the shadows by bringing in quantitative parameters that can describe the position and shape of the shadow edge.
description: matched version in PRD
Cross-Slot Metal-Mesh Bandpass Filters for Far-Infrared Astronomy
Creators: name: Perido, Joanna
name: Denis, Kevin
name: Glenn, Jason
name: Cothard, Nicholas F.
name: Quijada, Manuel
name: Patel, Jessica
name: Wollack, Edward
name: Hewagama, Tilak
name: Aslam, Shahid
name: Day, Peter K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The far-infrared (IR) region is rich with information needed to characterize interstellar dust and to investigate the cold outer planets of the solar system and their icy moons. The proposed sub-orbital observatory the Balloon Experiment for Galactic INfrared Science (BEGINS) will utilize cryogenic instruments to map spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of interstellar dust in the Cygnus molecular cloud complex. A future high priority flagship mission Uranus Orbiter and Probe carrying a net flux radiometer (NFR) will study the in situ heat flux of the icy giants atmosphere to 10 bar pressure. These instruments require far-IR filters to define the instrument spectral bandwidths. Our ultimate goal is to define the instrument bands of BEGINS and the NFR with linear-variable filters (LVFs) and discrete-variable filters (DVFs). The LVFs and DVFs will be made of metal mesh band-pass filters (MMBF) comprised of a 100 nm thick gold film with cross-shaped slots of varying sizes along a silicon (Si) substrate with cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) anti-reflection (AR) coatings. We present our progress towards LVFs and DVFs with simulated and measured transmission of a room temperature, non-AR coated, single-band 44 $μ$m MMBF filter. We have successfully fabricated, measured, and modeled a non-AR coated, room temperature 44 $μ$m MMBF. The transmission at room temperature and non-AR coated was measured to be 27\% with a resolving power of 11. When COC-AR coated on both sides the transmission is expected to increase to 69\% with a resolving power of 10.
A lower bound for the density of states of the lattice Anderson model
Creators: name: Hislop, Peter D.
name: Müller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Anderson model on the multi-dimensional cubic lattice and prove a positive lower bound on the density of states under certain conditions. For example, if the random variables are independently and identically distributed and the probability measure has a bounded Lebesgue density with compact support, and if this density is essentially bounded away from zero on its support, then we prove that the density of states is strictly positive for Lebesgue-almost every energy in the deterministic spectrum.
description: 7 pages, typos corrected in v2, to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Invariants at fixed and arbitrary energy. A unified geometric approach
Creators: name: Rosquist, Kjell
name: Pucacco, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invariants at arbitrary and fixed energy (strongly and weakly conserved quantities) for 2-dimensional Hamiltonian systems are treated in a unified way. This is achieved by utilizing the Jacobi metric geometrization of the dynamics. Using Killing tensors we obtain an integrability condition for quadratic invariants which involves an arbitrary analytic function $S(z)$. For invariants at arbitrary energy the function $S(z)$ is a second degree polynomial with real second derivative. The integrability condition then reduces to Darboux's condition for quadratic invariants at arbitrary energy. The four types of classical quadratic invariants for positive definite 2-dimensional Hamiltonians are shown to correspond to certain conformal transformations. We derive the explicit relation between invariants in the physical and Jacobi time gauges. In this way knowledge about the invariant in the physical time gauge enables one to directly write down the components of the corresponding Killing tensor for the Jacobi metric. We also discuss the possibility of searching for linear and quadratic invariants at fixed energy and its connection to the problem of the third integral in galactic dynamics. In our approach linear and quadratic invariants at fixed energy can be found by solving a linear ordinary differential equation of the first or second degree respectively.
description: Some misprints corrected with respect to the printed version
Unsupervised Auditory and Semantic Entrainment Models with Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Kejriwal, Jay
name: Benus, Stefan
name: Rojas-Barahona, Lina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Speakers tend to engage in adaptive behavior, known as entrainment, when they become similar to their interlocutor in various aspects of speaking. We present an unsupervised deep learning framework that derives meaningful representation from textual features for developing semantic entrainment. We investigate the model's performance by extracting features using different variations of the BERT model (DistilBERT and XLM-RoBERTa) and Google's universal sentence encoder (USE) embeddings on two human-human (HH) corpora (The Fisher Corpus English Part 1, Columbia games corpus) and one human-machine (HM) corpus (Voice Assistant Conversation Corpus (VACC)). In addition to semantic features we also trained DNN-based models utilizing two auditory embeddings (TRIpLet Loss network (TRILL) vectors, Low-level descriptors (LLD) features) and two units of analysis (Inter pausal unit and Turn). The results show that semantic entrainment can be assessed with our model, that models can distinguish between HH and HM interactions and that the two units of analysis for extracting acoustic features provide comparable findings.
description: Interspeech2023
Three-Nucleon Scattering at Intermediate Energies
Creators: name: Fachruddin, I.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Gloeckle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of a technique, which does not employ partial wave (PW) decompositions, the nucleon-deuteron break-up process is evaluated in the Faddeev scheme, where only the leading order term of the amplitude is considered. This technique is then applied to calculate the semi-exclusive proton-deuteron break-up reaction d(p,n)pp for proton laboratory energies Elab of a few hundred MeV. A comparison with PW calculations is performed at 197 MeV projectile energy. At the same energy rescattering processes, which are not included in the 3D calculations yet, are shown to be still important in the full Faddeev PW calculations, especially for the cross section and the analyzing power Ay. Next, kinematical relativistic effects are investigated for projectile energies up to about 500 MeV. At the higher energies, those relativistic effects start not to be negligible, especially in the peak of the cross section.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Proceeding of the Third Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problem in Physics, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, July 26-30 2005
Robust Sclera Segmentation for Skin-tone Agnostic Face Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Kabbani, Wassim
name: Busch, Christoph
name: Raja, Kiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.9; I.5.m

description: Face image quality assessment (FIQA) is crucial for obtaining good face recognition performance. FIQA algorithms should be robust and insensitive to demographic factors. The eye sclera has a consistent whitish color in all humans regardless of their age, ethnicity and skin-tone. This work proposes a robust sclera segmentation method that is suitable for face images in the enrolment and the border control face recognition scenarios. It shows how the statistical analysis of the sclera pixels produces features that are invariant to skin-tone, age and ethnicity and thus can be incorporated into FIQA algorithms to make them agnostic to demographic factors.
Investigation of alternative strategies for cellular damage rescue and disease correction in Fabry disease and it’s in silico prediction using machine learning model
Creators: name: RAMESH, AARTHI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310902
subject: Animal cell and molecular biology

description: Due to the current limitations on cellular damage rescue and disease correction in Fabry disease, this study investigates novel strategies to address these. In addition, with the huge cost on drug trials, this study also investigates machine learning models to predict diagnosis and drug responses in Fabry disease. Together, this thesis summarises a combination of in vitro and in silico approaches in Fabry disease which may offer important insights for future interventions.
Additional file 1 of Global health diplomacy in Mexico: insights from key actors in the field
Creators: name: Guerra, German
name: Orozco, Emanuel
name: Jiménez, Paulina
name: Ruckert, Arne
name: Labonté, Ronald
name: Snyder, Nelly Salgado de
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1
Optical spectra of a quantum dot in a microcavity in the nonlinear regime
Creators: name: del Valle, E.
name: Laussy, F. P.
name: Souza, F. M.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical emission spectrum of a quantum dot in strong coupling with the single mode of a microcavity is obtained in the nonlinear regime. We study how exciton-exciton interactions alter the emission spectrum of the system, bringing the linear Rabi doublet into a multiplet structure that is strongly dependent on the cavity-exciton energy detuning. We emphasise how nonlinearity can be used to evidence the genuine quantum nature of the coupling by producing satellites peaks of the Rabi doublet that originate from the quantized energy levels of the interactions.
description: Low quality figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. B. 78 (2008)
Supplement Information from An aptasensor using ceria electrodeposited-screen-printed carbon electrode for detection of epithelial sodium channel protein as a hypertension biomarker
Creators: name: Hartati, Yeni Wahyuni
name: Komala, Dina Ratna
name: Hendrati, Diana
name: Shabarni Gaffar
name: Hardianto, Ari
name: Sofiatin, Yulia
name: Bahti, Husein Hernandi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Electronic supplementary material
On intermediate statistics across many-body localization transition
Creators: name: De, Bitan
name: Sierant, Piotr
name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level statistics in the transition between delocalized and localized {phases of} many body interacting systems is {considered}. We recall the joint probability distribution for eigenvalues resulting from the statistical mechanics for energy level dynamics as introduced by Pechukas and Yukawa. The resulting single parameter analytic distribution is probed numerically {via Monte Carlo method}. The resulting higher order spacing ratios are compared with data coming from different {quantum many body systems}. It is found that this Pechukas-Yukawa distribution compares favorably with {$β$--Gaussian ensemble -- a single parameter model of level statistics proposed recently in the context of disordered many-body systems.} {Moreover, the Pechukas-Yukawa distribution is also} only slightly inferior to the two-parameter $β$-h ansatz shown {earlier} to reproduce {level statistics of} physical systems remarkably well.
description: Version accepted for publication in Fritz Haake memorial volume of Journal of Physics A
Non-Euclidean Water Distance Based Interpolation for Increased Mapping of Coastal Water Clarity
Creators: name: Clark, Blake
name: Schollaert Uz, Stephanie
name: Ames, Troy
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological system modeling
Machine learning
Geoscience and remote sensing
geostatistics
Water quality
Ecosystems
Interpolation
Sea measurements
coastal processes
data fusion
water quality

description: IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Athens, Greece, 07-12 July 2024
description: )Coastal regions are increasingly experiencing degraded water quality, affecting recreation, commerce, and human health. Water clarity in particular can have cascading impacts, from the function of the ecosystem itself (i.e., sea grass and phytoplankton growth) and either encouraging or deterring recreation. Here, we have applied a technique to expand the coverage of observations of water clarity by using non-Euclidean water distance-based kriging. Through many iterations and test configurations, the interpolation expands the spatial coverage of clarity estimates by multiple orders of magnitude with relatively high accuracy. Hold out data for validation of daily estimates of the diffuse attenuation coefficient, Kd, had an R2=0.55 and a bias of 4%, while for Secchi depth R2=0.71 and bias was 4%. These new data products allow for the potential assimilation with models that utilize Kd as a variable, integration with machine learning by gap filling in time and space, and providing labeled data for model calibration and validation.
Configurational invariants of Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Pucacco, Giuseppe
name: Rosquist, Kjell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we explore the general conditions in order that a 2-dimensional natural Hamiltonian system possess a second invariant which is a polynomial in the momenta and is therefore Liouville integrable. We examine the possibility that the invariant is preserved by the Hamiltonian flow on a given energy hypersurface only (weak integrability) and derive the additional requirement necessary to have conservation at arbitrary energy (strong integrability). Using null complex coordinates, we show that the leading order coefficient of the polynomial is an arbitrary holomorphic function in the case of weak integrability and a polynomial in the coordinates in the strongly integrable one. We review the results obtained so far with strong invariants up to degree four and provide some new examples of weakly integrable systems with linear and quadratic invariants.
description: Some references updated with respect to the printed version
Extreme space weather events caused by super active regions during solar cycles 21-24
Creators: name: Le, Gui-Ming
name: Liu, Gui-Ang
name: Zhao, Ming-Xian
name: Mao, Tian
name: Xu, Ping-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme space weather events including $\ge$X5.0 flares, ground level enhancement (GLE) events and super geomagnetic storms (Dst $\le$ -250 nT) caused by super active regions (SARs) during solar cycles 21-24 were studied. The total number of $\ge$X5.0 solar flares was 62, 41 of them were X5.0-X9.9 flares and 21 of them were $\ge$X10.0 flares. We found that 83.9\% of the $\ge$X5.0 flares were produced by SARs. 78.05\% of the X5.0-X9.9 and 95.24\% of the $\ge$X10.0 solar flares were produced by SARs. 46 GLEs registered during solar cycles 21-24, and 25 GLEs were caused by SARs, indicating that 54.3\% of the GLEs were caused by SARs. 24 super geomagnetic storms were recorded during solar cycles 21-24, and 12 of them were caused by SARs, namely 50\% of the super geomagnetic storms are caused by SARs. It is found that only 29 SARs can produce $\ge$X5.0 flares, 15 SARs can produce GLEs and 10 SARs can produce super geomagnetic storms. Of the 51 SARs, only 33 SARs can produce at least one extreme space weather event, while none of the rest 18 SARs can produce an extreme space weather event. There were only 4 SARs, each of them can produce not only a $\ge$X5.0 flare, but also a GLE event and a super geomagnetic storm. Most of the extreme space weather events caused by the SARs appeared during solar cycles 22 and 23, especially for GLE events and super geomagnetic storms. The longitudinal distributions of source locations for the extreme space weather events caused by SARs were also studied.
Conformally symmetric traversable wormholes
Creators: name: Boehmer, Christian G.
name: Harko, Tiberiu
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact solutions of traversable wormholes are found under the assumption of spherical symmetry and the existence of a {\it non-static} conformal symmetry, which presents a more systematic approach in searching for exact wormhole solutions. In this work, a wide variety of solutions are deduced by considering choices for the form function, a specific linear equation of state relating the energy density and the pressure anisotropy, and various phantom wormhole geometries are explored. A large class of solutions impose that the spatial distribution of the exotic matter is restricted to the throat neighborhood, with a cut-off of the stress-energy tensor at a finite junction interface, although asymptotically flat exact solutions are also found. Using the ``volume integral quantifier,'' it is found that the conformally symmetric phantom wormhole geometries may, in principle, be constructed by infinitesimally small amounts of averaged null energy condition violating matter. Considering the tidal acceleration traversability conditions for the phantom wormhole geometry, specific wormhole dimensions and the traversal velocity are also deduced.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, references added; minor changes, accepted for publication in PRD
Squeezed single-atom laser in a photonic crystal
Creators: name: Tan, Rong
name: Li, Gao-xiang
name: Ficek, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-classical and spectral properties of a strongly driven single-atom laser engineered within a photonic crystal that facilitates a frequency-dependent reservoir. In these studies, we apply a dressed atom model approach to derive the master equation of the system and study the properties of the dressed laser under the frequency dependent transition rates. By going beyond the secular approximation in the dressed-atom cavity field interaction, we find that if, in addition, the non-secular terms are included into the dynamics of the system, then non-linear processes can occur that lead to interesting new aspects of cavity field behavior. We calculate variances of the quadrature phase amplitudes and the incoherent part of the spectrum of the cavity field and show that they differ qualitatively from those observed under the secular approximation. In particular, it is found that the non-linear processes lead to squeezing of the fluctuations of the cavity field below the quantum shot noise limit. The squeezing depends on the relative population of the dressed states of the system and is found only if there is no population inversion between the dressed states. Furthermore, we find a linewidth narrowing below the quantum limit in the spectrum of the cavity field that is achieved only when the secular approximation is not made. An interpretation of the linewidth narrowing is provided in terms of two phase dependent noise (squeezing) spectra that make up the incoherent spectrum. We establish that the linewidth narrowing is due squeezing of the fluctuations in one quadrature phase components of the cavity field.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Highly Entangled Ground States in Tripartite Qubit Systems
Creators: name: Röthlisberger, Beat
name: Lehmann, Jörg
name: Saraga, D. S.
name: Traber, Philipp
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the creation of highly entangled ground states in a system of three exchange-coupled qubits arranged in a ring geometry. Suitable magnetic field configurations yielding approximate GHZ and exact W ground states are identified. The entanglement in the system is studied at finite temperature in terms of the mixed-state tangle tau. By adapting a steepest-descent optimization algorithm we demonstrate that tau can be evaluated efficiently and with high precision. We identify the parameter regime for which the equilibrium entanglement of the tripartite system reaches its maximum.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
The 2021-2024 Winter Precipitation Ground Validation Field Campaign at The University of Connecticut
Creators: name: Cerrai, Diego
name: Filipiak, Brian
name: Spaulding, Aaron
name: Wolff, David B.
name: Tokay, Ali
name: Helms, Charles N.
name: Loftus, Adrian M.
name: Chibisov, Alexey V.
name: Schirtzinger, Carl
name: Bliven, Larry
name: Pabla, Charanjit S.
name: Boulanger, Mick J.
name: Kim, EunYeol
name: Thant, Hein
name: Junyent, Francesc
name: Chandrasekar, Venkatachalam
name: Notaros, Branislav
name: De Azevedo, Gustavo B. H.
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: Radar measurements
Laser radar
Snow
Weight measurement
Field Campaign
Instruments
Meteorological radar
Airborne radar
Precipitation
Ground Validation
GPM

description: IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Athens, Greece, 07-12 July 2024
description: During three consecutive winter seasons, between December 2021 and April 2024, several ground-based wintry precipitation measurement instruments were deployed at the University of Connecticut’s main campus. The instruments included an assortment of K-band and W-band profiling radars and Ka-Ku band scanning radars, weighing, and tipping bucket pluviometers, laser disdrometers, high-speed and high-resolution cameras for quantitative precipitation measurement, weather stations, and an unmanned aircraft system for environmental variables. The goal of this field campaign is to provide a dataset for validating NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) products, and to examine the error characteristics of co-located ground-based instruments. In this manuscript, we present the instrument suite and discuss possible uses of this unique set of measurements for remote sensing applications.
Entropy of complex relevant components of Boolean networks
Creators: name: Krawitz, P.
name: Shmulevich, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boolean network models of strongly connected modules are capable of capturing the high regulatory complexity of many biological gene regulatory circuits. We study numerically the previously introduced basin entropy, a parameter for the dynamical uncertainty or information storage capacity of a network as well as the average transient time in random relevant components as a function of their connectivity. We also demonstrate that basin entropy can be estimated from time-series data and is therefore also applicable to non-deterministic networks models.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Supersymmetry at and beyond the LHC
Creators: name: Kalinowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prospects for SUSY discoveries and measurements at future colliders LHC and ILC are discussed. The problem of reconstructing the underlying theory and SUSY breaking mechanism is also addressed.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, talk given at the CTP Symposium on Supersymmetry at LHC: Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives, Cairo 2007
Finite-size-scaling ansatz for the helicity modulus of the triangular-lattice three-spin interaction model
Creators: name: Otsuka, Hiromi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-type continuous phase transition observed in the three-spin interaction model is discussed. The relevant field theory describes the topological defects involved and enables us to perform the renormalization-group analysis. Based on it, we shall propose the finite-size-scaling ansatz for the helicity modulus which exhibits the exponent $\barν=3/5$ for the correlation length in the disordered phase. We perform the Monte Carlo simulations to confirm the ansatz. Also, we argue its relevance to the ground-state phase transition in the quantum spin chain.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Structure of Classical Extensions of Quantum Probability Theory
Creators: name: Stulpe, Werner
name: Busch, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of a suggestive definition of a classical extension of quantum mechanics in terms of statistical models, we prove that every such classical extension is essentially given by the so-called Misra-Bugajski reduction map. We consider how this map enables one to understand quantum mechanics as a reduced classical statistical theory on the projective Hilbert space as phase space and discuss features of the induced hidden-variables model. Moreover, some relevant technical results on the topology and Borel structure of the projective Hilbert space are reviewed.
The symbiotic recurrent nova V745 Sco at radio wavelengths
Creators: name: Molina, Isabella
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Linford, Justin D.
name: Aydi, Elias
name: Mioduszewski, Amy J.
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Sokolovsky, Kirill V.
name: Strader, Jay
name: Craig, Peter
name: Dong, Dillon
name: Harris, Chelsea E.
name: Nyamai, Miriam M.
name: Rupen, Michael P.
name: Sokoloski, Jennifer L.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
name: Weston, Jennifer H. S.
name: Williams, Montana N.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2024

description: V745 Sco is a Galactic symbiotic recurrent nova with nova eruptions in 1937, 1989 and 2014. We study the behaviour of V745 Sco at radio wavelengths (0.6–37 GHz), covering both its 1989 and 2014 eruptions and informed by optical, X-ray, and ?-ray data. The radio light curves are synchrotron-dominated. Surprisingly, compared to expectations for synchrotron emission from explosive transients such as radio supernovae, the light curves spanning 0.6–37 GHz all peak around the same time (?18–26 days after eruption) and with similar flux densities (5–9 mJy). We model the synchrotron light curves as interaction of the nova ejecta with the red giant wind, but find that simple spherically symmetric models with wind-like circumstellar material (CSM) cannot explain the radio light curve. Instead, we conclude that the shock suddenly breaks out of a dense CSM absorbing screen around 20 days after eruption, and then expands into a relatively low density wind ($\dot{M}_{out} \approx 10^{-9}-10^{-8}$ M? yr?1 for vw = 10 km s?1) out to ?1 year post-eruption. The dense, close-in CSM may be an equatorial density enhancement or a more spherical red giant wind with $\dot{M}_{in} \approx [5-10] \times 10^{-7}$ M? yr?1, truncated beyond several × 1014 cm. The outer lower-density CSM would not be visible in typical radio observations of Type Ia supernovae: V745 Sco cannot be ruled out as a Type Ia progenitor based on CSM constraints alone. Complementary constraints from the free–free radio optical depth and the synchrotron luminosity imply the shock is efficient at accelerating relativistic electrons and amplifying magnetic fields, with ?e and ?B ? 0.01 ? 0.1.
Additional file 1 of Fabrication of In(III)-alizarin red S complex trap for efficient detection of fluoride ion in aqueous environs
Creators: name: Singh, Pritam
name: Naskar, Nabanita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1. Interaction between In and ARS at pH 4 medium. Fig. S2. B-H plot for the interaction between In and ARS at pH 4. Fig. S3. Interaction between In and ARS at pH 9 medium. Fig. S4. Interaction between In and ARS at pH 4 buffer medium. Fig. S5. Interaction between In and ARS at pH 9 buffer medium. Fig. S6. Calibration plot for the sensing of F− at 283 K. Fig. S7. Calibration plot for the sensing of F− at 298 K
Probing correlated phases of bosons in optical lattices via trap squeezing
Creators: name: Roscilde, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically analyze the response properties of ultracold bosons in optical lattices to the static variation of the trapping potential. We show that, upon an increase of such potential (trap squeezing), the density variations in a central region, with linear size of >~ 10 wavelengths, reflect that of the bulk system upon changing the chemical potential: hence measuring the density variations gives direct access to the bulk compressibility. When combined with standard time-of-flight measurements, this approach has the potential of unambiguously detecting the appearence of the most fundamental phases realized by bosons in optical lattices, with or without further external potentials: superfluid, Mott insulator, band insulator and Bose glass.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Optimal bounded-error strategies for projective measurements in non-orthogonal state discrimination
Creators: name: Touzel, M. A. P.
name: Adamson, R. B. A.
name: Steinberg, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research in non-orthogonal state discrimination has given rise to two conventional optimal strategies: unambiguous discrimination (UD) and minimum error (ME) discrimination. This paper explores the experimentally relevant range of measurement strategies between the two, where the rate of inconclusive results is minimized for a bounded-error rate. We first provide some constraints on the problem that apply to generalized measurements (POVMs). We then provide the theory for the optimal projective measurement (PVM) in this range. Through analytical and numerical results we investigate this family of projective, bounded-error strategies and compare it to the POVM family as well as to experimental implementation of UD using POVMs. We also discuss a possible application of these bounded-error strategies to quantum key distribution.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Revtex4
EGAIN: Extended GAn INversion
Creators: name: Kabbani, Wassim
name: Grimmer, Marcel
name: Busch, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.m; I.4.5

description: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have witnessed significant advances in recent years, generating increasingly higher quality images, which are non-distinguishable from real ones. Recent GANs have proven to encode features in a disentangled latent space, enabling precise control over various semantic attributes of the generated facial images such as pose, illumination, or gender. GAN inversion, which is projecting images into the latent space of a GAN, opens the door for the manipulation of facial semantics of real face images. This is useful for numerous applications such as evaluating the performance of face recognition systems. In this work, EGAIN, an architecture for constructing GAN inversion models, is presented. This architecture explicitly addresses some of the shortcomings in previous GAN inversion models. A specific model with the same name, egain, based on this architecture is also proposed, demonstrating superior reconstruction quality over state-of-the-art models, and illustrating the validity of the EGAIN architecture.
Heating Induced Nanoparticle Migration and Enhanced Delivery in Tumor Treatment Using Nanotechnology
Creators: name: Gu, Qimei
name: Zhu, Liang
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024
Subjects: whole-body heating
drug delivery
tumor
local heating
nanoparticle migration
magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia
enhanced delivery
nanoparticle distribution

description: Nanoparticles have been developed as imaging contrast agents, heat absorbers to confine energy into targeted tumors, and drug carriers in advanced cancer treatment. It is crucial to achieve a minimal concentration of drug-carrying nanostructures or to induce an optimized nanoparticle distribution in tumors. This review is focused on understanding how local or whole-body heating alters transport properties in tumors, therefore leading to enhanced nanoparticle delivery or optimized nanoparticle distributions in tumors. First, an overview of cancer treatment and the development of nanotechnology in cancer therapy is introduced. Second, the importance of particle distribution in one of the hyperthermia approaches using nanoparticles in damaging tumors is discussed. How intensive heating during nanoparticle hyperthermia alters interstitial space structure to induce nanoparticle migration in tumors is evaluated. The next section reviews major obstacles in the systemic delivery of therapeutic agents to targeted tumors due to unique features of tumor microenvironments. Experimental observations on how mild local or whole-body heating boosts systemic nanoparticle delivery to tumors are presented, and possible physiological mechanisms are explored. The end of this review provides the current challenges facing clinicians and researchers in designing effective and safe heating strategies to maximize the delivery of therapeutic agents to tumors.
Determination of the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy at an Intermediate Baseline
Creators: name: Zhan, Liang
name: Wang, Yifang
name: Cao, Jun
name: Wen, Liangjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally believed that neutrino mass hierarchy can be determined at a long baseline experiment, often using accelerator neutrino beams. Reactor neutrino experiments at an intermediate baseline have the capability to distinguish normal or inverted hierarchy. Recently it has been demonstrated that the mass hierarchy could possibly be identified using Fourier transform to the L/E spectrum if the mixing angle $\sin^2(2θ_{13})>0.02$. In this study a more sensitive Fourier analysis is introduced. We found that an ideal detector at an intermediate baseline ($\sim 60$ km) could identify the mass hierarchy for a mixing angle $\sin^2(2θ_{13}) > 0.005$, without requirements on accurate information of reactor neutrino spectra and the value of $Δm^2_{32}$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Physical Review D
From bubbles to foam: dilute to dense evolution of hadronic wave function at high energy
Creators: name: Kovner, Alex
name: Lublinsky, Michael
name: Wiedemann, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the evolution of a hadronic light cone wave function with energy at weak coupling. Our derivation is valid both in the high and the low partonic density limit, and thus encompasses both the JIMWLK and the KLWMIJ evolution. The hadronic wave function is shown to evolve by the action of the Bogoliubov-type operator, which diagonalizes on the soft gluon sector the light-cone hamiltonian in the presence of an arbitrary valence charge density. We find explicitly the action of this operator on the soft as well as the valence degrees of freedom of the theory.
description: 30 pages
Comment: Boosting Algorithms: Regularization, Prediction and Model Fitting
Creators: name: Hastie, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comment on ``Boosting Algorithms: Regularization, Prediction and Model Fitting'' [arXiv:0804.2752]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-STS242A the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The effect of water pH on swimming performance, blood pH, red cell pH, ion concentrations and catecholamine concentrations in plasma, and gill potential in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
Creators: name: Ye, Xuemin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of transferring fish from water at pH 7.0 to either more acid or more alkaline conditions was to reduce the maximum critical velocity of the fish. In water of pH 4.0, 5.0, and 10.0, the maximum critical velocity was only 54.5%, 66.5%, and 61% respectively of that recorded for fish in the water of pH 7.0. Thus, both acid and alkaline conditions in the water reduce the aerobic swimming capacity of trout. Exposure to acid conditions increased mucus secretion and this was associated with an increase in coughing and breathing frequency in resting fish. Coughing rate increased from 41/hr to 592/hr; and respiration frequency increased from 81/min to 104/min when fish were transferred from water at pH 7.0 to water at pH 4.0. In comparing fish exposed to acid and alkaline waters, the results indicates that fish have a greater capacity to regulate blood pH in acid than in alkaline conditions. The gill potential was strongly dependent on water pH, being negative in neutral water, but positive in acid water and more negative in alkaline solution. Catecholamine levels increased significantly during acid exposure, but were not altered during alkaline exposure. The increasing catecholamine levels appeared at different time periods in different fish during acid exposure and seemed to be associated with the death of the fish. Na⁺ and C1⁻ ion concentrations in plasma decreased significantly after 24hrs of acid exposure, but did not change significantly in alkaline water. This may indicate that ionoregulatory disturbance in plasma is one of the reasons for the decrease in the maximum critical velocity in acid water, but not in alkaline water.
Energy Spectra for Fractional Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Sasaki, Shosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional quantum Hall states (FQHS) with the filling factor nu = p/q of q < 21 are examined and their energies are calculated. The classical Coulomb energy is evaluated among many electrons; that energy is linearly dependent on 1/nu. The residual binding energies are also evaluated. The electron pair in nearest Landau-orbitals is more affected via Coulomb transition than an electron pair in non-nearest orbitals. Each nearest electron pair can transfer to some empty orbital pair, but it cannot transfer to the other empty orbital pair because of conservation of momentum. Counting the numbers of the allowed and forbidden transitions, the binding energies are evaluated for filling factors of 126 fraction numbers. Gathering the classical Coulomb energy and the pair transition energy, we obtain the spectrum of energy versus nu. This energy spectrum elucidates the precise confinement of Hall resistance at specific fractional filling factors.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures