cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TOI-1736 and TOI-2141: two systems including sub-Neptunes around solar analogs revealed by TESS and SOPHIE
Creators: name: Martioli, E.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: de Almeida, L.
name: Heidari, N.
name: Lorenzo-Oliveira, D.
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Almenara, J. M.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Briceño, C.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Cortés-Zuleta, P.
name: Dalal, S.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Eastman, J. D.
name: Furlan, T. ForveilleE.
name: Howell, S. B.
name: Hoyer, S.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Law, N.
name: Mann, A. W.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Stassun, K. G.
name: Stockdale, C.
name: Torres, G.
name: Twicken, J. D.
name: Winn, J. N.
name: Ziegler, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary systems around solar analogs inform us about how planets form and evolve in Solar System-like environments. We report the detection and characterization of two planetary systems around the solar analogs TOI-1736 and TOI-2141 using TESS photometry data and spectroscopic data obtained with the SOPHIE instrument on the 1.93 m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP). We performed a detailed spectroscopic analysis of these systems to obtain the precise radial velocities (RV) and physical properties of their host stars. TOI-1736 and TOI-2141 each host a transiting sub-Neptune with radii of $2.44\pm0.18$ R$_{\oplus}$ and $3.05\pm0.23$ R$_{\oplus}$, orbital periods of $7.073088(7)$ d and $18.26157(6)$ d, and masses of $12.8\pm1.8$ M$_{\oplus}$ and $24\pm4$ M$_{\oplus}$, respectively. TOI-1736 shows long-term RV variations that are consistent with a two-planet solution plus a linear trend of $-0.177$ ms$^{-1}$d$^{-1}$. We measured an RV semi-amplitude of $201.1\pm0.7$ ms$^{-1}$ for the outer companion, TOI-1736 c, implying a projected mass of $m_{c}\sin{i}=8.09\pm0.20$ M$_{\rm Jup}$. From the GAIA DR3 astrometric excess noise, we constrained the mass of TOI-1736 c at $8.7^{+1.5}_{-0.6}$ M$_{\rm Jup}$. This planet is in an orbit of $570.2\pm0.6$ d with an eccentricity of $0.362\pm0.003$ and a semi-major axis of $1.381\pm0.017$ au, where it receives a flux of $0.71\pm0.08$ times the bolometric flux incident on Earth, making it an interesting case of a supergiant planet that has settled into an eccentric orbit in the habitable zone of a solar analog. Our analysis of the mass-radius relation for the transiting sub-Neptunes shows that both TOI-1736 b and TOI-2141 b likely have an Earth-like dense rocky core and a water-rich envelope.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A on October 6, 2023
Datasets for evolutionary comparative genomics
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Animals
Cichlids
Databases, Genetic
Evolution, Molecular
Genomics
Phenotype
Phylogeny
Ursidae

description: Many decisions about genome sequencing projects are directed by perceived gaps in the tree of life, or towards model organisms. With the goal of a better understanding of biology through the lens of evolution, however, there are additional genomes that are worth sequencing. One such rationale for whole-genome sequencing is discussed here, along with other important strategies for understanding the phenotypic divergence of species. © 2005 BioMed Central Ltd.
title: An Analysis of Trends Affecting Collection Growth at the Merrill Library
Creators: name: Schockmel, Richard Brian
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: The impetus for this paper arose out of a concern for the future of acquisitions at the Merrill Library. The common denominator between all disciplines represented in a university environment, the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge, is embodied in the academic library. The quest for knowledge often begins in the library; and the results of scholarly investigations are deposited on its shelves. As the quantity of published information increases, the importance of library collections as a vital element in the university community becomes increasingly evident.
In recent years, American academic library collections have suffered in the face of double-digit inflation. The Merrill Library is also experiencing this inflation-born atrophy of acquisitions . The purpose of the study is to examine the erosion of library purchasing power in terms of its effects upon library collections and the collection of the Merrill Library in particular. Central to this purpose is the way in which the Merrill Library has attempted to cope with the rising price of library materials.
The data used for the basis of this study were derived from the published literature and from the reports of Utah State University and the Merrill Library. The Subject Bibliography of Current Serials, 1976, prepared by the Merrill Library provided the basic data for several sections dealing with serial publications.
Conformation of Circular DNA in 2 Dimensions
Creators: name: Witz, G.
name: Rechendorff, K.
name: Adamcik, J.
name: Dietler, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The conformation of circular DNA molecules of various lengths adsorbed in a 2D conformation on a mica surface is studied. The results confirm the conjecture that the critical exponent $ν$ is topologically invariant and equal to the SAW value (in the present case $ν=3/4$), and that the topology and dimensionality of the system strongly influences the cross-over between the rigid regime and the self-avoiding regime at a scale $L\approx 8 \ell_p$. Additionally, the bond correlation function scales with the molecular length $L$ as predicted. For molecular lengths $L\leq5 \ell_p$, circular DNA behaves like a stiff molecule with approximately elliptic shape.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
title: A Study of the Feasibility of a Two-Year Retail Marketing Program at Southern Utah State College
Creators: name: Pruitt, John R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: According to Klieforth (1969), "technology, business, industry, communications, and other factors affecting our economic life are changing rapidly. Our educational system must keep up with these changes and prepare our youth for the world of work." Although many of our young people will desire a four-year degree (and in some cases, higher degrees), many are inclined toward a shorter, formal post-secondary education.
As evidenced by the phenomenal growth and development of the two-year colleges in the first half of this century (Goddard, 1962) many of our young people are looking at more vocational and technical education than ever before. This has created a need for serious consideration and deliberation as to the real potential of programs offered by two-year colleges and, indeed, even small four-year institutions.
The probability that a student will attend college depends on a number of factors in addition to his or her mental ability. The cost, convenience factors, and the availability of suitable and desirable educational programs are important determinants of who will attend college (Goddard, p. 45). Although a student may have the desire to continue his or her education beyond the high school level, if a reasonable program from the student's point of view is not economically feasible or readily available, the motivation may not be strong enough for him or her to pursue the higher education.
Wardlow (1975) states that the marketing and distribution fields are among the fastest growing fields in business today. This should suggest these are the fastest growing programs in the post-secondary institution curriculums at the present time. This would indicate a trend toward more retail marketing programs being offered at the post-secondary level other than the four year degree programs.
A possible answer to this increased growth, is the implementation of a two-year Retail Marketing Program at Southern Utah State College, in Cedar City, Utah. This type of program could serve the residents of the geographical region served by the college and complement existing one- and two-year secretarial training offered by the institution.
title: A Survey Study of Employer and Student Interest in a Possible General Marketing Program at Snow College, Ephraim, Utah
Creators: name: Dove, Rick L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: There are many definitions of distributive education. Lucy Crawford defines distributive education as follows:
Distributive education is a vocational instructional program designed to meet the needs of persons who have entered or are preparing to enter a distributive occupation or an occupation requiring competency in one or more of the marketing functions. It offers instruction in marketing, merchandising, related management and personal development. (Crawford & Meyer, 1972, p. 2)
Crawford and Meyer call distributive education "the people-center member of the vocational education family" (1972, p. vii) . Distributive education is a program of instruction for those who are interested in careers in the field of distribution. The instruction of the student is centered on the career objective of the student. Distributive education offers instruction for those who are already working in distributive occupations and for those who desire to enter distributive occupations. Post-secondary distributive education is designed for young and old; for those who have left high school; and for those who are enrolled as full-time students in a community college, junior college. or area vocational-technical school. The curriculum may be either a one-year or two-year design, and may be general or specialized.
Interacting dark sector: Lagrangian formulation based on two canonical scalar fields
Creators: name: Panotopoulos, Grigoris
name: Lopes, Ilídio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in some detail an interacting cosmological model based on two canonical scalar fields starting from a Lagrangian description. Contrary to other more phenomenological approaches where non-relativistic matter and dark energy are cosmological perfect fluids, and where a source term is added by hand at the level of the continuity equations, here within Einstein's theory we model the dark sector, which dominates the evolution of the universe, as two minimally coupled scalar fields, out of which the first play the role of dark matter and the second plays the role of dark energy. We compute both the deceleration parameter and the distance modulus versus red-shift, and we demonstrate that the model is capable of explaining the current cosmic acceleration. We find that a negative coupling constant implies two distinctive features, which comprise two robust predictions of the model studied in the present work, and which are the following: a) a transient acceleration phase, and b) a collapsing Universe, or in other words an initial expansion which is followed by a contraction leading eventually to a Big-Crunch.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Noncommutative spacetimes versus noncommutative spaces of geodesics
Creators: name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Gubitosi, Giulia
name: Gutierrez-Sagredo, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this contribution is twofold. First, we show that when two (or more) different quantum groups share the same noncommutative spacetime, such an 'ambiguity' can be resolved by considering together their corresponding noncommutative spaces of geodesics. In any case, the latter play a mathematical/physical role by themselves and, in some cases, they can be interpreted as deformed phase spaces. Second, we explicitly show that noncommutative spacetimes can be reproduced from 'extended' noncommutative spaces of geodesics which are those enlarged by the time translation generator. These general ideas are described in detail for the $κ$-Poincaré and $κ$-Galilei algebras.
description: 11 pages. Based on the contribution presented at "The XII International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries" (QTS12), July 24-28, 2023, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic. To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Subfunctionalization of duplicated genes as a transition state to neofunctionalization
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Animals
Computational Biology
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Duplication
Genetics, Population
Genome
Haploidy
Humans
Ligands
Models, Genetic
Models, Statistical
Peptides
Protein Binding
Recombination, Genetic

description: Background: Gene duplication has been suggested to be an important process in the generation of evolutionary novelty. Neofunctionalization, as an adaptive process where one copy mutates into a function that was not present in the pre-duplication gene, is one mechanism that can lead to the retention of both copies. More recently, subfunctionalization, as a neutral process where the two copies partition the ancestral function, has been proposed as an alternative mechanism driving duplicate gene retention in organisms with small effective population sizes. The relative importance of these two processes is unclear. Results: A set of lattice model genes that fold and bind to two peptide ligands with overlapping binding pockets, but not a third ligand present in the cell was designed. Each gene was duplicated in a model haploid species with a small constant population size and no recombination. One set of models allowed subfunctionalization of binding events following duplication, while another set did not allow subfunctionalization. Modeling under such conditions suggests that subfunctionalization plays an important role, but as a transition state to neofunctionalization rather than as a terminal fate of duplicated genes. There is no apparent selective pressure to maintain redundancy. Conclusion: Subfunctionalization results in an increase in the preservation of duplicated gene copies, including those that are neofunctionalized, but never represents a substantial fraction of duplicate gene copies at any evolutionary time point and ultimately leads to neofunctionalization of those preserved copies. This conclusion also may reflect changes in gene function after duplication with time in real genomes. © 2005 Rastogi and Liberles; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Super-Resolution Nanolithography of Two-Dimensional Materials by Anisotropic Etching
Creators: name: Danielsen, Dorte R.
name: Lyksborg-Andersen, Anton
name: Nielsen, Kirstine E. S.
name: Jessen, Bjarke S.
name: Booth, Timothy J.
name: Doan, Manh-Ha
name: Zhou, Yingqiu
name: Bøggild, Peter
name: Gammelgaard, Lene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanostructuring allows altering of the electronic and photonic properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. The efficiency, flexibility, and convenience of top-down lithography processes are however compromised by nm-scale edge roughness and resolution variability issues, which especially affects the performance of 2D materials. Here we study how dry anisotropic etching of multilayer 2D materials with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) may overcome some of these issues, showing results for hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), tungsten disulfide (WS2), tungsten diselenide (WSe2), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy reveal that etching leads to anisotropic hexagonal features in the studied transition metal dichalcogenides, with the relative degree of anisotropy ranked as: WS2 > WSe2 > MoTe2 / MoS2. Etched holes are terminated by zigzag edges while etched dots (protrusions) are terminated by armchair edges. This can be explained by Wulff constructions, taking the relative stabilities of the edges and the AA stacking order into account. Patterns in WS2 are transferred to an underlying graphite layer, demonstrating a possible use for creating sub-10 nm features. In contrast, multilayer hBN exhibits no lateral anisotropy, but shows consistent vertical etch angles, independent of crystal orientation. This is used to create super-resolution lithographic patterns with ultra-sharp corners at the base of the hBN crystal, which are transferred into an underlying graphite crystal. We find that the anisotropic SF6 reactive ion etching process makes it possible to downsize nanostructures to obtain smooth edges, sharp corners, and feature sizes significantly below the resolution limit of electron beam lithography. The nanostructured 2D materials can be used themselves or as etch-masks to pattern other nanomaterials.
title: Job Qualification and Activities of Post Secondary Cooperative Education Coordinators in Utah
Creators: name: Grunander, Carl L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: "While a 1973 English major tends bar in a local nightspot, a social work graduate labors in a steel mill. A math major washes dishes in Florida, an education graduate works as a bank teller and a psychology major serves cocktails in Maine." (Jolly & Pierce, 1976, p . 2) . As these examples point out, there is a great need for our institutions of higher learning to be more responsive to the needs of the job market today.
For the past several years, colleges and universities have been criticized on the basis that they do not prepare young people to assume their future role in business, industry, and government. The tightening job market in the 1970's has spotlighted the problem facing many college graduates-- What does one do after college? By 1975 the hiring of all college graduates was off by more than 60 percent from 1963, and off by more than 80 percent for those in liberal arts. About two-thirds of our college students in the United States are majors in the humanities, social sciences, and other liberal arts. And a recent survey by the College Placement Council revealed that most employers filled less than 10 percent of their new college hires from the ranks of liberal arts graduates. (Hyink, 1963, p. 6)
Many of our colleges and universities have already recognized these problems and have responded by changing and revising their programs. Cooperative education is one of the programs they are using and it is showing dramatic results. During the past ten years in the Seattle, Washington a r ea a cooperative education program called Seattle/ POC has placed into employment more than 4,000 Seattle area residents. These graduates have added 18 million dollars annually to the economy of the area (Jolly & Pierce, 1976, p. 1).
Cooperative education has proven itself as a program that can prepare individuals for the job market today . It is very important that we have well-trained personnel to administer these programs. We do not know much about the duties and responsibilities of the coordinator; if we did we could better train these coordinators for their very important assignments.
Additional file 1 of Frequency detection of BRAF V600E mutation in a cohort of pediatric langerhans cell histiocytosis patients by next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Feng, Shunqiao
name: Han, Lin
name: Yue, Mei
name: Zhong, Dixiao
name: Cao, Jing
name: Guo, Yibing
name: Sun, Yanling
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Cao, Zhenhua
name: Cui, Xiaodai
name: Liu, Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Gene list of LCH panel.
Coexistence in interval effect algebras
Creators: name: Jenča, Gejza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 03G12, Secondary: 06F20, 81P10

description: Motivated by the notion of coexistence of effect-valued observables, we give a characterization of coexistent subsets of interval effect algebras.
MPI: Multi-receptive and Parallel Integration for Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Sun, Han
name: Cen, Jun
name: Liu, Ningzhong
name: Liang, Dong
name: Zhou, Huiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The semantic representation of deep features is essential for image context understanding, and effective fusion of features with different semantic representations can significantly improve the model's performance on salient object detection. In this paper, a novel method called MPI is proposed for salient object detection. Firstly, a multi-receptive enhancement module (MRE) is designed to effectively expand the receptive fields of features from different layers and generate features with different receptive fields. MRE can enhance the semantic representation and improve the model's perception of the image context, which enables the model to locate the salient object accurately. Secondly, in order to reduce the reuse of redundant information in the complex top-down fusion method and weaken the differences between semantic features, a relatively simple but effective parallel fusion strategy (PFS) is proposed. It allows multi-scale features to better interact with each other, thus improving the overall performance of the model. Experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods under different evaluation metrics.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted by IET Image Processing, code: https://github.com/NuaaCJ/MPI
On the final definition of the causal boundary and its relation with the conformal boundary
Creators: name: Flores, J. L.
name: Herrera, J.
name: Sanchez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C75, 53C50

description: The notion of causal boundary $\partial M$ for a strongly causal spacetime $M$ has been a controversial topic along last decades: on one hand, some attempted definitions were not fully consistent, on the other, there were simple examples where an open conformal embedding $i:M\hookarrow M_{0}$ could be defined, but the corresponding conformal boundary $\partial_{i}M$ disagreed drastically with the causal one. Nevertheless, the recent progress in this topic suggests a definitive option for $\partial M$, which is developed here in detail. Our study has two parts: (I) To give general arguments on a boundary in order to ensure that it is admissible as a causal boundary at the three natural levels, i.e., as a point set, as a chronological space and as a topological space. Then, the essential uniqueness of our choice is stressed, and the relatively few admissible alternatives are discussed. (II) To analyze the role of the conformal boundary $\partial_{i}M$. We show that, in general, $\partial_{i}M$ may present a very undesirable structure. Nevertheless, it is well-behaved under certain general assumptions, and its accessible part $\partial_{i}^{*}M$ agrees with the causal boundary. This study justifies both boundaries. On one hand, the conformal boundary $\partial_{i}^{*}M$, which cannot be defined for a general spacetime but is easily computed in particular examples, appears now as a special case of the causal boundary. On the other, the new redefinition of the causal boundary not only is free of inconsistencies and applicable to any strongly causal spacetime, but also recovers the expected structure in the cases where a natural conformal boundary is available. The cases of globally hyperbolic spacetimes and asymptotically conformally flat ends are especially studied.
description: Revisded version, including the correction of Appendix 3.6 (51 pages, 13 figures). To appear in Adv. Th. Math. Phys
title: Assessing the Probability of Bankruptcy
Creators: name: Heaps, Jarom
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Knowing whether or not a company is financial stable has always been a top concern for analysts and money managers. This paper compares the effectiveness of default prediction using two different types of measures: accounting and market based. Accounting measures have been the most popular even though, according to theory, a market based measure reflects all available information. Theory goes as far to say that accounting measures can add no incremental value to a market based measure. In my research I found that accounting based measures can be effective in their predictive power; the market-based measure (BSM) results were much more difficult to estimate within the limits of this research project.
Observation of superconductivity and enhanced upper critical field of $η$-carbide-type oxide Zr${_\mathrm{4}}$Pd$_{\mathrm{2}}$O
Creators: name: Watanabe, Yuto
name: Miura, Akira
name: Moriyoshi, Chikako
name: Yamashita, Aichi
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of bulk superconductivity of a $η$-carbide-type oxide Zr$_{4}$Pd$_{2}$O. The crystal structure and the superconducting properties were studied through synchrotron X-ray diffraction, magnetization, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurement. The superconducting transition was observed at $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ = 2.73 K. Our measurement revealed that the $η$-carbide-type oxide superconductor Zr$_{4}$Pd$_{2}$O shows an enhanced upper critical field ${μ_{\mathrm{0}}H_{\mathrm{c2}}\mathrm{(0)}}$ = 6.72 T, which violates the Pauli-Clogston limit ${μ_{\mathrm{0}}H_{\mathrm{P}}}$ = 5.29 T. On the other hand, we found that the enhanced upper critical field is absent in a Rh analogue Zr$_{4}$Rh$_{2}$O. The large ${μ_{\mathrm{0}}H_{\mathrm{c2}}\mathrm{(0)}}$ of Zr$_{4}$Pd$_{2}$O would be raised from strong spin-orbit coupling with Pd-4$d$ electrons. The discovery of new superconducting properties for Zr$_{4}$Pd$_{2}$O would shed light on the further development of $η$-carbide-type oxide superconductors.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Evolutionary sequence analysis of complete eukaryote genomes
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Animals
Biodiversity
Biological Evolution
Computational Biology
Databases, Genetic
Databases, Protein
Eukaryotic Cells
Evolution, Molecular
Fossils
Gene Duplication
Genome
Genome, Archaeal
Humans
Models, Genetic
Phylogeny
Programming Languages
Proteins
Sequence Analysis
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence Analysis, Protein
Software
Time Factors

description: Background: Gene duplication and gene loss during the evolution of eukaryotes have hindered attempts to estimate phylogenies and divergence times of species. Although current methods that identify clusters of orthologous genes in complete genomes have helped to investigate gene function and gene content, they have not been optimized for evolutionary sequence analyses requiring strict orthology and complete gene matrices. Here we adopt a relatively simple and fast genome comparison approach designed to assemble orthologs for evolutionary analysis. Our approach identifies single-copy genes representing only species divergences (panorthologs) in order to minimize potential errors caused by gene duplication. We apply this approach to complete sets of proteins from published eukaryote genomes specifically for phylogeny and time estimation. Results: Despite the conservative criterion used, 753 panorthologs (proteins) were identified for evolutionary analysis with four genomes, resulting in a single alignment of 287,000 amino acids. With this data set, we estimate that the divergence between deuterostomes and arthropods took place in the Precambrian, approximately 400 million years before the first appearance of animals in the fossil record. Additional analyses were performed with seven, 12, and 15 eukaryote genomes resulting in similar divergence time estimates and phylogenies. Conclusion: Our results with available eukaryote genomes agree with previous results using conventional methods of sequence data assembly from genomes. They show that large sequence data sets can be generated relatively quickly and efficiently for evolutionary analyses of complete genomes. © 2005 Blair et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Orthizema triannulatum
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthizema
Orthizema triannulatum

description: Orthizema triannulatum (THOMSON, 1884), det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 20.iv.-5.v., 2♀♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 2♀♀ 1-15.vi., 1♀ 7- 21.ix.; trap 4: 1♀ 13-27.vii.; trap 8: 1♀ 15-29.vi.; trap 12: 1♀ 20.iv.-5.v., 1♀ 5-20.v., 1♀ 15-29.vi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL et al. 2018, RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
The Effect of the Angular Momentum in the Formation and Evolution of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Creators: name: Salinas, Vicente H.
name: Galaz, Gaspar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using observed data from the literature, we compare in one single publication the angular momentum (AM) of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs), with that of high surface brightness galaxies (HSBGs), a comparison that either is currently spread across many unconnected references, or simply does not exist. Partly because of the subject, this has received little attention outside the realm of simulations. We use previous results of the stellar specific AM $j_{*}$ from the SPARC database containing Spitzer 3.6 $μ$m photometry and accurate H I rotation curves from Lelli et al. using a sample of 38 LSBGs and 82 HSBGs. We do this with the objective of comparing both galaxy populations, finding that LSBGs are higher in the Fall relation by about 0.174 dex. Additionally, we apply and test different masses and formation models to estimate the spin parameter $λ$, which quantifies the rotation obtained from the tidal torque theory, finding no clear evidence of a difference in the spin of LSBGs and HSBGs under a classic disk formation model that assumes the ratio ($f_{j}$) between $j_{*}$ and the specific AM of the halo is $\sim 1$. In another respect, by using the biased collapse model, where $f_{j}$ depends on the star formation efficiency, it was found that LSBGs clearly show higher spin values, having an average spin of $\sim 2$ times the average spin of HSBGs. This latter result is consistent with those obtained from simulations by Dalcanton et al.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Enhanced superconductivity in Hf-base metallic glasses
Creators: name: Tafra, Emil
name: Basletic, Mario
name: Ristic, Ramir
name: Babic, Emil
name: Hamzic, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic study of electrical resistivity of Hf_{100-x}Fe_x (x=20,25), Hf_{100-x}Cu_x (x=30,40,50), and Ti_{65}Cu_{35} metallic glasses has been done in the temperature range 0.3 K - 290 K, and in magnetic fields B <= 5 T. All Hf-base alloys are superconducting with T_c >= 0.44 K, which is well above T_c of pure crystalline Hf (0.13 K). From the initial slopes of the upper critical fields, (dH_{c2}/dT)_{T_c}, and resistivities we determined the dressed electronic densities of states, N_γ(E_F), for all alloys. Both T_c and N_γ(E_F) decrease with increasing x (Fe and Cu content). The results are compared with those for corresponding Zr-base metallic glasses and ion-implanted Hf films.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Effect of water conditions and nitrogen application on maize growth, carbon accumulation and metabolism of maize plant in subtropical regions
Creators: name: Chi, Yu Xin
name: Gao, Fei
name: Muhammad, Ihsan
name: Huang, Jing Hua
name: Zhou, Xun Bo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Drought, water, and nitrogen (N) losses have always been great challenges for agricultural production in subtropical regions of China. To study appropriate irrigation regimes and reasonable N applications, a field experiment was conducted for summer maize (Zea mays L.) from 2018 to 2019. Two irrigation treatments, namely, rain-fed irrigation and supplementary irrigation, were designed, and five levels of N fertilizer were applied. The differences in the growth periods of biomass, leaf area index, agronomic traits, carbon accumulation, and carbon metabolism enzyme activity were measured. Findings revealed that the interaction of water and N has a significant impact on maize growth. Compared to other N treatments, N250 produced significantly higher biomass, leaf area index, agronomic traits, carbon accumulation, and carbon metabolism enzyme activity. In 2018, the agronomic traits and leaf area index were significantly higher than in 2019. Meanwhile, additional irrigation could help improve agronomic traits and the leaf area index. Further correlation analysis revealed that carbon accumulation was positively correlated with carbon metabolism enzyme activity, although lower at maturity than in the flowering period. Overall, the findings suggest that supplementary irrigation in conjunction with N250 treatment is a worthwhile measure for sustainable maize production in subtropical regions of China.
Development of a grading rubric to assess performance across the learner continuum
Creators: name: Moore, James
name: Hartley, Gregory
name: Kirk-Sanchez, Neva
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background

Physical therapist education in the United States culminates in full-time supervised practice-based learning. Competence is necessary to progress to unsupervised practice, but there are no standardized assessments appraising competence from entry-level through postprofessional didactic and clinical education in physical therapy (PT). As health professional education programs transition toward competency-based formats, intentionally developing a grading rubric and capstone course capturing learner performance and competence in a pre-clinical environment is timely.



Summary of work

Curriculum mapping was used to review placement of content, learning objectives, and formative/summative assessments. An evidence-informed rubric based on frameworks described in medical and PT professional/postprofessional education was developed. These frameworks identify learner levels and describe performance expectations across the learner continuum. Professional/postprofessional PT competencies were mapped to allow assessment from entry-level through residency training. Eight developmental levels were identified across the learner continuum. Performance expectations were described for each competency.



A problem-based, high-fidelity capstone course placed at the end of didactic education was developed. Extensive faculty development was required to increase reliability for rubric use and gain buy-in. The course included four diagnostically diverse cases, rich in context, designed to drive clinical decision-making. Standardized patients (SP) were trained in each case, including mimicking movement disorders and clinical presentations.



Summary of results

The rubric was piloted in 2021 and modifications were made to clarify criteria within each level based on feedback. Twenty faculty and 12 SP actors participated in teaching 65 PT students. By virtue of using the rubric, students who were struggling were easily identified and remediated prior to entering supervised clinical practice. It continues to be used with modifications made periodically. As a result of the large collaborative atmosphere the course created, some faculty realized incongruencies in use of language and patient management assessment and intervention and implemented changes within other courses.



Discussion and conclusion

The rubric provides a framework to document learner performance across multiple domains of competence and the learning continuum. Faculty can use aggregate data to inform decisions about curricular changes. It can facilitate communication between faculty in entry-level and postprofessional phases of education. Plans to apply the rubric in clinical and postprofessional phases of PT education are in development.
Giant ultra-broadband photoconductivity in twisted graphene heterostructures
Creators: name: Agarwal, Hitesh
name: Nowakowski, Krystian
name: Forrer, Andres
name: Principi, Alessandro
name: Bertini, Riccardo
name: Batlle-Porro, Sergi
name: Reserbat-Plantey, Antoine
name: Prasad, Parmeshwar
name: Vistoli, Lorenzo
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Bachtold, Adrian
name: Scalari, Giacomo
name: Kumar, Roshan Krishna
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The requirements for broadband photodetection are becoming exceedingly demanding in hyperspectral imaging. Whilst intrinsic photoconductor arrays based on mercury cadmium telluride represent the most sensitive and suitable technology, their optical spectrum imposes a narrow spectral range with a sharp absorption edge that cuts their operation to < 25 um. Here, we demonstrate a giant ultra-broadband photoconductivity in twisted double bilayer graphene heterostructures spanning a spectral range of 2 - 100 um with internal quantum efficiencies ~ 40 % at speeds of 100 kHz. The giant response originates from unique properties of twist-decoupled heterostructures including pristine, crystal field induced terahertz band gaps, parallel photoactive channels, and strong photoconductivity enhancements caused by interlayer screening of electronic interactions by respective layers acting as sub-atomic spaced proximity screening gates. Our work demonstrates a rare instance of an intrinsic infrared-terahertz photoconductor that is complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible and array integratable, and introduces twist-decoupled graphene heterostructures as a viable route for engineering gapped graphene photodetectors with 3D scalability.
Compatibility support mappings in effect algebras
Creators: name: Jenča, Gejza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G12, 06F20, 81P10

description: We give a characterization of subsets of effect algebras, that can be embedded into a range of an observable. To give this characterization, we introduce a new notion of {\em compatibility support mappings.}
Clock Transitions Versus Bragg Diffraction in Atom-interferometric Dark-matter Detection
Creators: name: Derr, Daniel
name: Giese, Enno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atom interferometers with long baselines are envisioned to complement the ongoing search for dark matter. They rely on atomic manipulation based on internal (clock) transitions or state-preserving atomic diffraction. Principally, dark matter can act on the internal as well as the external degrees of freedom to both of which atom interferometers are susceptible. We therefore study in this contribution the effects of dark matter on the internal atomic structure and the atoms' motion. In particular, we show that the atomic transition frequency depends on the mean coupling and the differential coupling of the involved states to dark matter, scaling with the unperturbed atomic transition frequency and the Compton frequency, respectively. The differential coupling is only of relevance when internal states change, which makes detectors, e.g., based on single-photon transitions sensitive to both coupling parameters. For sensors generated by state-preserving diffraction mechanisms like Bragg diffraction, the mean coupling modifies only the motion of the atom as the dominant contribution. Finally, we compare both effects observed in terrestrial dark-matter detectors.
Enhancing clinical competence assessment in graduate medical education: determining domains for OSCE-style examinations by the Emirati Board
Creators: name: Balla, Ibrahim
name: Shersad, Fouzia
name: Syeda, Asma
name: Munshi, Fadi
name: Elsheikh   Badr
name: Houqani, Mohammed Al
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background 



This research article focuses on developing and implementing a standardized framework for assessing clinical competence in the Emirati Board final clinical examination (the comprehensive clinical examination CCE). Traditionally, OSCE assessments relied on checklist ratings by physician examiners. However, recent studies advocate for domain-based OSCE ratings as they provide a more comprehensive evaluation of competence. This study aimed to create internationally accepted domains to enhance feedback to examinees and establish a universal guideline adaptable to Graduate Medical Education.



Summary of Work 



The study compared domains used in high-stakes Postgraduate Medical Education exams by twelve selected medical boards, including reputable institutions like the Royal College of Canada, the Royal Colleges of the United Kingdom, and the Saudi Commission.



Summary of Results 



Five common domains emerged: data gathering/history taking, physical examination/practical skills, data interpretation, clinical reasoning/analytical skills (Differential Diagnosis & Provisional Diagnosis), and decision making/management, along with communication and professionalism. Although minor variations existed, there was consensus on their importance for comprehensive assessment.



Discussion and Conclusion 



Most institutions had recently updated their domains, emphasizing flexibility for specialty-specific assessments. These domains are intended to form the blueprint for Clinical Competency Examination (CCE) assessments, offering standardized guidelines with room for specialty-specific customization.

Implementing these standardized domains in OSCE-style assessments is expected to serve multiple purposes, such as providing a foundation for exam blueprints, helping programs cover essential competencies, offering insights for educators, and providing valuable feedback to students for competency improvement.



Take Home Message 



This study represents a significant step toward more structured and unified clinical examination domains across diverse medical specialties, enhancing the quality and relevance of medical education and assessment.
Evaluation of Bjorken polarised sum rule with a renormalon-motivated approach
Creators: name: Ayala, Cesar
name: Castro-Arriaza, Camilo
name: Cvetič, Gorazd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the known renormalon structure of Bjorken polarised sum rule (BSR) ${\overline Γ}_1^{p-n}(Q^2)$ to evaluate the leading-twist part of that quantity. In addition, we include $D=2$ and $D=4$ Operator Product Expansion (OPE) terms and fit this expression to available experimental data for inelastic BSR. Since we use perturbative QCD (pQCD) coupling, which fails at low squared spacelike momenta $Q^2 \lesssim 1 \ {\rm GeV}^2$ due to Landau singularities, the fit is performed for $Q^2 \geq Q^2_{\rm min}$ where $Q^2_{\rm min} \approx (1.7 \pm 0.3) \ {\rm GeV}^2$. Due to large BSR experimental uncertainties, the extracted value of the pQCD coupling has very large uncertainties, especially when $Q^2_{\rm min}$ is varied. However, when we fix the pQCD coupling to the known world average values, the $D=2$ and $D=4$ residue parameters can be determined within large but reasonable uncertainties.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor changes and references added; v3: improved text, version as published in Physics Letters B
Modeling the mutualistic interactions between tubeworms and microbial consortia
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Animals
Annelida
Caribbean Region
Female
Geologic Sediments
Male
Methane
Models, Biological
Oviducts
Population Growth
Seawater
Spermatozoa
Sulfates
Sulfides
Symbiosis

description: The deep-sea vestimentiferan tubeworm Lamellibrachia luymesi forms large aggregations at hydrocarbon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico that may persist for over 250 y. Here, we present the results of a diagenetic model in which tubeworm aggregation persistence is achieved through augmentation of the supply of sulfate to hydrocarbon seep sediments. In the model, L. luymesi releases the sulfate generated by its internal, chemoautotrophic, sulfide-oxidizing symbionts through posterior root-like extensions of its body. The sulfate fuels sulfate reduction, commonly coupled to anaerobic methane oxidation and hydrocarbon degradation by bacterial-archaeal consortia. If sulfate is released by the tubeworms, sulfide generation mainly by hydrocarbon degradation is sufficient to support moderate-sized aggregations of L. luymesi for hundreds of years. The results of this model expand our concept of the potential benefits derived from complex interspecific relationships, in this case involving members of all three domains of life. © 2005 Cordes et al.
Reduced neutron widths in the nuclear data ensemble: Experiment and theory do not agree
Creators: name: Koehler, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I have analyzed reduced neutron widths (Γ_{n}^0) for the subset of 1245 resonances in the nuclear data ensemble (NDE) for which they have been reported. Random matrix theory (RMT) predicts for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) that these widths should follow a \c{hi}^2 distribution having one degree of freedom (ν=1) - the Porter Thomas distribution (PTD). Careful analysis of the Γ_{n}^2 values in the NDE rejects the validity of the PTD with a statistical significance of at least 99.97% (ν=0.801\pm0.052). This striking disagreement with the RMT prediction is most likely due to the inclusion of significant p-wave contamination to the supposedly pure s-wave NDE. When an energy dependent threshold is used to remove the p-wave contamination, the PTD is still rejected with a statistical significance of at least 98.17% (ν=1.217\pm0.092). Furthermore, examination of the primary references for the NDE reveals that many resonances in most of the individual data sets were selected using methods derived from RMT. Therefore, using the full NDE data set to test RMT predictions seems highly questionable. These results cast very serious doubt on claims that the NDE represents a striking confirmation of RMT.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C