cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bridging the Gap: Addressing the Need for North Carolina to Accept the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid Expansion in Order to Close the Gap Between Medicaid and Private Insurance Coverage of its Uninsured Adult Population
Creators: name: Sylvan, Caprice
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The overall goal of this qualitative research study is to explore and explain North Carolina General Assembly’s reasons for denying the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansion and its constituents’ responses to this decision. This is a N.C. health policy issue focusing on the most vulnerable and disadvantaged population within the realm of this political healthcare debate which is: the gap coverage population consisting of uninsured, childless, working non-elderly adults who are too poor to afford private insurance and who do not qualify for Medicaid. This investigative study project attempts to answer the following questions: 1) Why does North Carolina need to accept the Affordable Care Act's (ACA) Medicaid Expansion? 2) How did the state's decision to deny Medicaid expansion impact the healthcare management of its uninsured adult population? Data was gathered through a literature review of publically related articles and audio recorded interviews from 10 informants residing within North Carolina’s tri-county (Wake, Durham, Orange) and rural areas. Data analysis was completed by reviewing the transcribed audio recordings for common themes, new understandings, and interpretations concerning how North Carolina’s rejection of Medicaid Expansion had affected its uninsured adult population. An integration and analysis of the perceptions of the participants revealed that nine out of 10 participants are in support of Medicaid Expansion. Nine out of ten participants reported that they knew of individuals who were personally affected by being within the gap between private and Medicaid insurance. Eight out of ten participants stated that they did not know of any current state level alternative insurance plans or changes in health policy made to accommodate those individuals within the gap population. These findings will help establish an evidence-based valid argument supporting the need for the NC General Assembly to accept Medicaid Expansion in order to close the gap between private insurance and Medicaid coverage.
Direct deduction of chemical class from NMR spectra
Creators: name: Kuhn, Stefan
name: Cobas, Carlos
name: Barba, Agustin
name: Colreavy-Donnelly, Simon
name: Caraffini, Fabio
name: Borges, Ricardo Moreira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T07

description: This paper presents a proof-of-concept method for classifying chemical compounds directly from NMR data without doing structure elucidation. This can help to reduce time in finding good structure candidates, as in most cases matching must be done by a human engineer, or at the very least a process for matching must be meaningfully interpreted by one. Therefore, for a long time automation in the area of NMR has been actively sought. The method identified as suitable for the classification is a convolutional neural network (CNN). Other methods, including clustering and image registration, have not been found suitable for the task in a comparative analysis. The result shows that deep learning can offer solutions to automation problems in cheminformatics.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables
title: Textilforschung 2017 : Bericht 64
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Forschungskuratorium Textil e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 677 Textilien

description: Der Textilforschungsbericht 2017 stellt aktuelle Forschungslösungen für neue Produkte, Dienstleistungen und Verfahren vor. Sie wurden überwiegend vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) und dem Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) gefördert; weitere wichtige Fördergeber sind vor allem die Bundesländer und die EU. Der Bericht zeigt an ausgewählten Beispielen, wie der Weg von der Idee zum vermarktbaren Produkt zügig und zielführend beschritten werden kann. Dabei ist es der textilen Forschungsszene gemeinsam mit den Unternehmen gelungen, sich über die einzelnen Branchen zu vernetzen und miteinander ins Gespräch zu kommen. Ob Bau, Medizin, Auto- oder Flugzeugbau - der Austausch über alle Grenzen hinweg bringt stetig neue Innovationen in einer vernetzten Welt hervor. So haben sich auch thematische Kunden-Veranstaltungen, regionale Workshops und Innovationstage der Forschungsinstitute als wirkungsvolle Formate etabliert. Mit ihren Netzwerken verbinden sie branchenübergreifend den Mittelstand, geben neue Impulse und setzen Trends. Die International Detergency Conference im April 2017 in Düsseldorf, veranstaltet vom wfk Krefeld, gehört ebenso dazu wie Tage der Offenen Tür im TITV Greiz oder in den DITF Denkendorf.
Doppler Monitoring of the WASP-47 Multiplanet System
Creators: name: Dai, Fei
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Arriagada, Pamela
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Teske, Johanna K.
name: Thompson, Ian B.
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present precise Doppler observations of WASP-47, a transiting planetary system featuring a hot Jupiter with both inner and outer planetary companions. This system has an unusual architecture and also provides a rare opportunity to measure planet masses in two different ways: the Doppler method, and the analysis of transit-timing variations (TTV). Based on the new Doppler data, obtained with the Planet Finder Spectrograph on the Magellan/Clay 6.5m telescope, the mass of the hot Jupiter is $370 \pm 29~M_{\oplus}$. This is consistent with the previous Doppler determination as well as the TTV determination. For the inner planet WASP-47e, the Doppler data lead to a mass of $12.2\pm 3.7~ M_{\oplus}$, in agreement with the TTV-based upper limit of $
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for ApJL
Raw Data for Quercetin
Creators: name: Syahputra, Romi
name: , Fitmawati
name: Resida, Esi
name: Kholifah, Sri
name: Roza, Rodesia
name: Emrizal
name: Almurdani, Muhammad
name: Fitmawati
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This data is used for calculating quercetin content from wild mango
Majorana-Weyl cones in ferroelectric superconductors
Creators: name: Yerzhakov, Hennadii
name: Ilan, Roni
name: Shimshoni, Efrat
name: Ruhman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductors are predicted to exhibit outstanding phenomena, including non-abelian anyon excitations, heat-carrying edge states, and topological nodes in the Bogoliubov spectra. Nonetheless, and despite major experimental efforts, we are still lacking unambiguous signatures of such exotic phenomena. In this context, the recent discovery of coexisting superconductivity and ferroelectricity in lightly doped and ultra clean SrTiO$_3$ opens new opportunities. Indeed, a promising route to engineer topological superconductivity is the combination of strong spin-orbit coupling and inversion-symmetry breaking. Here we study a three-dimensional parabolic band minimum with Rashba spin-orbit coupling, whose axis is aligned by the direction of a ferroelectric moment. We show that all of the aforementioned phenomena naturally emerge in this model when a magnetic field is applied. Above a critical Zeeman field, Majorana-Weyl cones emerge regardless of the electronic density. These cones manifest themselves as Majorana arcs states appearing on surfaces and tetragonal domain walls. Rotating the magnetic field with respect to the direction of the ferroelectric moment tilts the Majorana-Weyl cones, eventually driving them into the type-II state with Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces. We then consider the consequences of the orbital magnetic field. First, the single vortex is found to be surrounded by a topological halo, and is characterized by two Majorana zero modes: One localized in the vortex core and the other on the boundary of the topological halo. Based on a semiclassical argument we show that upon increasing the field above a critical value the halos overlap and eventually percolate through the system, causing a bulk topological transition that always precedes the normal state. Finally, we propose concrete experiments to test our predictions.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Pancharatnam phase deficit can detect macroscopic entanglement
Creators: name: Shukla, Namrata
name: Pati, Arun Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pancharatnam phase deficit is defined as the difference between the Pancharat- nam phase acquired by the global system and the sum of the Pancharatnam phases acquired by subsystems during local unitary evolutions. We show that a non-zero value of the Pancharatnam phase deficit for a composite quantum system can be a signature of quantum entanglement. In the context of macroscopic quantum systems, we illustrate how the Pancharatnam phase deficit can be used to detect macroscopically entangled states. In particular, we use the Pancharatnam phase deficit to detect the entanglement for macroscopic superposition of coherent states. Furthermore, we show that by measuring the Pancharatnam phase deficit one can measure the concurrence of two spin singlets between distant boundaries.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; RevTex
Time-delayed models of gene regulatory networks
Creators: name: Parmar, K.
name: Blyuss, K. B.
name: Kyrychko, Y. N.
name: Hogan, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this review we discuss different mathematical models of gene regulatory networks as relevant to the onset and development of cancer. After discussion of alternative modelling approaches, we use a paradigmatic two-gene network to focus on the role played by time delays in the dynamics of gene regulatory networks. We contrast the dynamics of the reduced model arising in the limit of fast mRNA dynamics with that of the full model. The review concludes with the discussion of some open problems.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
Combining different data monitors for more intentional policymaking. The case of Open Access at Utrecht University
Creators: name: Constantin, Maria
name: de Vries, Hanna
name: de Boer, Jan
name: Utrecht University Library -  Publishing Support
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: open access
open access monitor

description: Presentation at the IFLA Statistics and Evaluation satellite meeting on the use of data from the open access monitor and the open access financial monitor at Utrecht University in policy making.
The Impact of Campaign Contributions on Legislative Behavior: An examination of how contributions from industry groups affect voting behavior by members of the US House of Representatives
Creators: name: Ribar, David T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Ever since the Continental Congress first convened, the politics of the American legislature has been an object of fascination for researchers and casual observers alike. Studying the voting behavior of legislators has led to countless insights into our political system that have given us a greater understanding of the inner workings of our national legislature. However, even though years upon of years of research have provided us with a mountain of data and findings, there are still some questions which remain unanswered, due in part to the fact that modern technology has allowed us to collect information on Congressional behavior that would be impossible to keep track of in earlier times. Making use of these new advancements in vote tracking and recordkeeping, this paper sets out to determine the effects that campaign donations have on legislative behavior, and specifically whether donations from certain industries cause legislators to vote in ways that favor those industries.
A common accusation leveled at congressmen and congresswomen is that they are in the metaphorical pocket of big businesses. There are two main factors that have always contributed heavily to this complaint. The first is that regardless of which party is in power, Congress consistently passes at least some legislation that can be construed as benefitting corporate interests. This would not be fuel for concern by itself, but it raises questions when combined with the fact that many representatives receive sizeable campaign contributions from corporations and industry groups. These two trends lead many people to make the case that Representatives are essentially being bought off by various companies. This oft-repeated claim is one which deserves to be examined.
The goal of this paper will be to determine whether increases in campaign contributions from an industry group or corporation to a Representative result in that Representative voting in
ways that increasingly benefit that industry. By doing so, it is this author’s hope that the common assertion of Congress being beholden to special interests might finally be subjected to testing.
Integer factorization as subset-sum problem
Creators: name: Hittmeir, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y05, 11A51

description: This paper elaborates on a sieving technique that has first been applied in 2018 for improving bounds on deterministic integer factorization. We will generalize the sieve in order to obtain a polynomial-time reduction from integer factorization to a specific instance of the multiple-choice subset-sum problem. As an application, we will improve upon special purpose factorization algorithms for integers composed of divisors with small difference. In particular, we will refine the runtime complexity of Fermat's factorization algorithm by a large subexponential factor. Our first procedure is deterministic, rigorous, easy to implement and has negligible space complexity. Our second procedure is heuristically faster than the first, but has non-negligible space complexity.
description: 22 pages (including appendix)
The Role of Tau in Network Dysfunction and Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis
Creators: name: Dombroski, Allison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Inflammation occurs early in the disease process of the Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) mouse model and is believed to accelerate disease progression. When in the presence of AD pathological markers, inflammatory cells such as microglia release factors which lead to a disruption of homeostasis, including destabilization of intracellular calcium levels and cytoskeletal changes including modifications of the microtubule associated protein Tau. These changes are thought to increase the sensitivity of neurons to excitatory stimuli, leading to hyperactivity. However, the impact of this hyperactivity on neural communication within networks and the role of Tau are not well understood. To further understand the hyperactivity and neural dysfunction caused by these inflammatory factors, we used medium from microglia treated with Aβ oligomers (Aβ-MgCM) on cultured primary mouse neurons to mimic in vivo inflammation and compared the resulting electrophysiological recordings to the calcium changes in response to these challenges. Basal and inflammatory electrophysiological/calcium data were collected from microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for wild type (WT) and P301S/PS19 Tau-transgenic primary neural cultures to compare the effects of a pathological form of Tau on neural network function. Under basal conditions, the PS19 neurons showed increased calcium spikes which were often highly synchronized relative to WT neurons. Neurons expressing mutant Tau typically had a higher rate of action potentials within bursts, but exhibited shorter durations of bursts, as well as a lower node degree and higher path length, indicating poor functional connectivity within networks. Under inflammatory conditions induced by Aβ-MgCM, both the WT and Tau transgenic (Tg) cultures displayed network disruption in response to the inflammatory stimulus. The finding that baseline P301S/PS19 neurons show aberrant development of neural network activity under both basal and inflammatory conditions that mimic the very early stages of AD suggests that pre-tangle forms of Tau mediate neural dysfunction that may contribute to cognitive decline. This early dysfunction may provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies that slow the progression of AD.
Gapped Surface States in a Strong-Topological-Semimetal
Creators: name: Weber, A. P.
name: Gibson, Q. D.
name: Ji, Huiwen
name: Caruso, A. N.
name: Fedorov, A. V.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Valla, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional strong-topological-insulator or -semimetal hosts topological surface states which are often said to be gapless so long as time-reversal symmetry is preserved. This narrative can be mistaken when surface state degeneracies occur away from time-reversal-invariant momenta. The mirror-invariance of the system then becomes essential in protecting the existence of a surface Fermi surface. Here we show that such a case exists in the strong-topological-semimetal Bi$_4$Se$_3$. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and \textit{ab initio} calculations reveal partial gapping of surface bands on the Bi$_2$Se$_3$-termination of Bi$_4$Se$_3$(111), where an 85 meV gap along $\barΓ\bar{K}$ closes to zero toward the mirror-invariant $\barΓ\bar{M}$ azimuth. The gap opening is attributed to an interband spin-orbit interaction that mixes states of opposite spin-helicity.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Quantum correlations and speed limit of central spin system
Creators: name: Tiwari, Devvrat
name: Paulson, K. G.
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we consider single, and two-qubit central spin systems interacting with spin baths and discuss their dynamical properties. We consider the cases of interacting and non-interacting spin baths and investigate the quantum speed limit (QSL) time of evolution. The impact of the size of the spin bath on the quantum speed limit for a single qubit central spin model is analyzed. We estimate the quantum correlations for (non-)interacting two central spin qubits and compare their dynamical behaviour with that of QSL time under various conditions. We show how QSL time could be availed to analyze the dynamics of quantum correlations.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Palatini formulation for gauge theory: implications for slow-roll inflation
Creators: name: Rasanen, Syksy
name: Verbin, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a formulation of gauge field theory where the gauge field $A_α$ and the field strength $F_{αβ}$ are independent variables, as in the Palatini formulation of gravity. For the simplest gauge field action, this is known to be equivalent to the usual formulation. We add non-minimal couplings between $F_{αβ}$ and a scalar field, solve for $F_{αβ}$ and insert it back into the action. This leads to modified gauge field and scalar field terms. We consider slow-roll inflation and show that because of the modifications to the scalar sector, adding higher order terms to the inflaton potential does not spoil its flatness, unlike in the usual case. Instead they make the effective potential closer to quadratic. The modifications also solve the problem that Higgs inflation in the Palatini formulation is sensitive to higher order terms.
description: 6+2 pages, no figures. v2: Added comments on collider constraints and an acknowledgment. Published version
Hadamard matrices related to a certain series of ternary self-dual codes
Creators: name: Araya, Makoto
name: Harada, Masaaki
name: Momihara, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 2013, Nebe and Villar gave a series of ternary self-dual codes of length $2(p+1)$ for a prime $p$ congruent to $5$ modulo $8$. As a consequence, the third ternary extremal self-dual code of length $60$ was found. We show that the ternary self-dual code contains codewords which form a Hadamard matrix of order $2(p+1)$ when $p$ is congruent to $5$ modulo $24$. In addition, it is shown that the ternary self-dual code is generated by the rows of the Hadamard matrix. We also demonstrate that the third ternary extremal self-dual code of length $60$ contains at least two inequivalent Hadamard matrices.
description: 15 pages
Incorporating Ethics in Computing Courses: Perspectives from Educators
Creators: name: Smith, Jessie J.
name: Payne, Blakeley H.
name: Klassen, Shamika
name: Doyle, Dylan Thomas
name: Fiesler, Casey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incorporating ethics into computing education has become a priority for the SIGCSE community. Many computing departments and educators have contributed to this endeavor by creating standalone computing ethics courses or integrating ethics modules and discussions into preexisting curricula. In this study, we hope to support this effort by reporting on computing educators' attitudes toward including ethics in their computing classroom, with a special focus on the structures that hinder or help this endeavor. We surveyed 138 higher education computing instructors to understand their attitudes toward including ethics in their classes, what barriers might be preventing them from doing so, and which structures best support them. We found that even though instructors were generally positive about ethics as a component of computing education, there are specific barriers preventing ethics from being included in some computing courses. In this work, we explore how to alleviate these barriers and outline support structures that could encourage further integration of ethics and computing in higher education.
Will you help us mobilise the abundance of functional genomics data for FAIR reuse in the age of pangenomes and AI?
Creators: name: Gundersen, Sveinung
name: Baskaran, Joshua
name: Bianchini, Federico
name: Boddu, Sanjay
name: Cheneby, Jeanne
name: Drabløs, Finn
name: Nazeefa Fatima
name: Fernández, José M.
name: Ghanem, Ahmed
name: Matúš Kalaš
name: Kompova, Radmila
name: Taylor, Kieron
name: Titov, Dmytro
name: Zerbino, Daniel
name: Capella-Gutiérrez, Salvador
name: Harrison, Peter
name: Hovig, Eivind
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Immense resources have gone into the generation of data that relates genomic positions to functional and structural aspects, in large consortia such as ENCODE, ICGC, FANTOM and FAANG, as well as in smaller research projects, provided as tracks for visualisation in genome browsers, or downloadable for non-visual analysis. Pangenomes challenge the concept of one-dimensional reference genomes. While there is not yet a consensus on how to annotate pangenomes, it is clear that there is great value in reusing the abundance of existing functional genomics data. Furthermore, there is a still unexhausted potential for data-driven discovery through applying AI to functional annotations.

 Functional genomics data are often provided through dedicated data portals. However, the metadata are provided according to distinct models and interfaces. Additionally, data from smaller research projects are often only available with poor metadata. In practice, it is often painstakingly difficult for researchers to locate relevant data in their specific analytical context.

 Through European infrastructure funds (ELIXIR), we developed the prototypic FAIRtracks metadata exchange standard. We also developed a fully functioning end-to-end ecosystem of services, including metadata conversion, validation, and categorical search. We are now aiming to evolve our solutions into a global standard in the context of the Research Data Alliance (RDA) and invite the global community to help us improve our prototype to: (1) allow for new data types and content, (2) improve interoperability with other solutions, (3) increase adoption by new data providers and downstream analysis software, and (4) cater for new user communities.
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling and Field-Aligned Currents
Creators: name: Oliveira, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is presented in this paper a review of one of several interactions between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere through the field-aligned currents (FACs). Some characteristics and physical implications of the currents flowing in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field at high latitudes are discussed. The behavior of this system as an electric circuit is explained, where momentum and energy are transferred via Poynting flux from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Revista Brasileira de Ensino de F\'isica (2014)
Mapping Financial Investors: An Aggregated Look at Global Private Equity
Creators: name: Piasecki, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The importance of my research can be summarized in a single phrase—the
mapping and aggregating of global mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and private equity
data to provide a comprehensive model for global business building. Amit Dixit (2001)
clearly explains the need for a tool to identify and analyze global markets, “Fundamental
differences in legal and education systems, and differing paces of evolution of the
financial services industry, have created vastly different private equity environments
worldwide. Even the most developed industrialized countries offer surprisingly variant
environments for private equity firms” (p.3).
For years, literature focused on global private equity has relied heavily on macroeconomic
metrics. In the following pages, I examine research and studies done on the
four regions I am focusing on (Asia, Europe, North America, and South America) and the
variables that the literature has examined. I will then explore what other variables could
be used to evaluate private equity. Finally, I provide my conclusion based on the
literature along with defining the role my research will have in furthering knowledge of
global private equity markets.
Affleck-Dine leptogenesis and its backreaction to inflaton dynamics
Creators: name: Yamada, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the backreaction of the Affleck-Dine leptogenesis to inflaton dynamics in the F-term hybrid and chaotic inflation models in supergravity. We determine the lightest neutrino mass in both models so that the predictions of spectral index, tensor-to-scalar ratio, and baryon abundance are consistent with observations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Radio-Frequency Sweeps at μT Fields for Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization of Biomolecules
Creators: name: Marshall, Alastair
name: Salhov, Alon
name: Gierse, Martin
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Keim, Michael
name: Lucas, Sebastian
name: Parker, Anna
name: Scheuer, Jochen
name: Vassiliou, Christophoros
name: Neumann, Philipp
name: Jelezko, Fedor
name: Retzker, Alex
name: Blanchard, John W.
name: Schwartz, Ilai
name: Knecht, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic resonance imaging of $^{13}$C-labeled metabolites enhanced by parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) can enable real-time monitoring of processes within the body. We introduce a robust, easily implementable technique for transferring parahydrogen-derived singlet order into 13C magnetization using adiabatic radio-frequency sweeps at $μ$T fields. We experimentally demonstrate the applicability of this technique to several molecules, including some molecules relevant for metabolic imaging, where we show significant improvements in the achievable polarization, in some cases reaching above 60%. Furthermore, we introduce a site-selective deuteration scheme, where deuterium is included in the coupling network of a pyruvate ester to enhance the efficiency of the polarization transfer. These improvements are enabled by the fact that the transfer protocol avoids relaxation induced by strongly coupled quadrupolar nuclei.
Enabling an operational, open and FAIR EOSC ecosystem
Creators: name: Schaaf, Sebastian
name: Erxleben-Eggenhofer, Anika
name: Grüning, Björn
name: Project, The EuroScienceGateway
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: In many scientific domains data appear internationally distributed and (initially) incompatible. Thus, exploiting these data is still laborious, error-prone, and increasingly dependent on specialized technical skills and domain knowledge. FAIR practices are encouraged, however their adoption curve is steep.

 For several of the described issues particular solutions exist, and some have developed to quite broad, generalised and powerful resources. The Galaxy platform for data integration and analysis has matured from computational biology to various scientific domains, providing users with an easy and powerful web interface to access data and databases, run tools and workflows, utilizing huge computational resources in the background. The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) initiative’s primary goal is to facilitate FAIR use of research data in a trusted environment for researchers, businesses, and citizens. As ELIXIR, Galaxy and EOSC are committed to open science principles.
 We present the Horizon Europe (HE) project EOSC EuroScienceGateway (ESG), started in 09/2022. 17 European partners target a tight interconnection of European Galaxy instances and improved FAIRification of data analysis by integrating metadata and knowledge related EOSC services (Zenodo, Workflowhub.eu). Notably, the three major components in ESG are the European Galaxy server (usegalaxy.eu), the distributed compute network PULSAR and the Galaxy Training Network (GTN); all three infrastructures underwent major advancements the recent years, to a substantial extent thanks to past and ongoing ELIXIR support. How components are connected, resulting in the creation of a robust, scalable and seamlessly integrated open infrastructure for data-driven research, is the story of our poster.
Elliptic complexes over $C^*$-algebras of compact operators
Creators: name: Krýsl, Svatopluk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R01, 58J10, 46L08, 46M20

description: For a $C^*$-algebra $A$ of compact operators and a compact manifold $M,$ we prove that the Hodge theory holds for $A$-elliptic complexes of pseudodifferential operators acting on smooth sections of finitely generated projective $A$-Hilbert bundles over $M.$ For these $C^*$-algebras, we get also a topological isomorphism between the cohomology groups of an $A$-elliptic complex and the space of harmonic elements. Consequently, the cohomology groups appear to be Banach spaces. We prove as well, that if the Hodge theory holds for a complex in the category of Hilbert $A$-modules and continuous adjointable Hilbert $A$-module homomorphisms, the complex is self-adjoint parametrix possessing.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Locality of the Thomas-Fermi-von Weizsäcker Equations
Creators: name: Nazar, Faizan Q.
name: Ortner, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a pointwise stability estimate for the Thomas-Fermi-von Weizsäcker (TFW) model, which demonstrates that a local perturbation of a nuclear arrangement results also in a local response in the electron density and electrostatic potential. The proof adapts the arguments for existence and uniqueness of solutions to the TFW equations in the thermodynamic limit by Catto et al. (1998). To demonstrate the utility of this combined locality and stability result we derive several consequences, including an exponential convergence rate for the thermodynamic limit, partition of total energy into exponentially localised site energies (and consequently, exponential locality of forces), and generalised and strengthened results on the charge neutrality of local defects.
The Effect of Alarm Reduction and Quiet Time on Sound Levels in a Level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Creators: name: Bazemore, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Current research suggests that stressors in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) environment
may lead to developmental problems for these infants evident later in life. Among these NICU
stressors is exposure to increased noise levels. Research studies suggest that increased noise
levels experienced by preterm infants correlate with changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, blood
pressure, and oxygen saturation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact
of reducing alarm noise and implementing a daily 2-hour Quiet Time in decreasing noise levels
in a Level IV NICU. A study was conducted to compare noise levels before and after two noise
reduction interventions. Hourly ambient sound pressure levels (i.e., Leq, L10, and Lmax) were
measured using a Quest 2900 Sound Level Meter in two patient rooms and a staff area.
Measurements were taken at baseline, after reducing alarm settings on feeding pumps and
educating nursing staff on reduction of IV pump alarms, and again after a daily 2-hour Quiet
Time was implemented. Measurements were compared to recommended guidelines for noise in
NICUs. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to compare reductions in post-intervention
noise levels. Feeding and IV pump alarm reduction interventions were not found to reduce noise
levels in patient rooms or in the staff area and implementation of a 2-hour daily Quiet Time did
not reduce noise levels in patient rooms. However, there was a decrease in noise levels in the
staff area following implementation of a 2-hour daily Quiet Time. Feeding and IV pump alarms,
along with staff-generated noise were not found to be major noise contributors in patient rooms
in the NICU. These findings suggest that feeding and IV pump alarms may not be major noise
contributors. Further research is needed to identify major noise contributors and to determine
effective and low-cost intervention strategies to reduce noise in the NICU environment.
A Spectroscopic and Photometric Exploration of the C/M Ratio in the Disk of M31
Creators: name: Hamren, Katherine M.
name: Rockosi, Constance M.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Boyer, Martha L.
name: Smith, Graeme H.
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Gregersen, Dylan
name: Seth, Anil C.
name: Lewis, Alexia R.
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
name: Toloba, Elisa
name: Girardi, Leo
name: Dorman, Claire E.
name: Gilbert, Karoline M.
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the ratio (C/M) of carbon-rich to oxygen-rich thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch(TP-AGB) stars in the disk of M31 using a combination of moderate-resolution optical spectroscopy from the Spectroscopic Landscape of Andromeda's Stellar Halo (SPLASH) survey and six-filter Hubble Space Telescope photometry from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey.Carbon stars were identified spectroscopically. Oxygen-rich M-stars were identifed using three different photometric definitions designed to mimic, and thus evaluate, selection techniques common in the literature. We calculate the C/M ratio as a function of galactocentric radius, present-day gas-phase oxygen abundance, stellar metallicity, age (via proxy defined as the ratio of TP-AGB stars to red giant branch, RGB, stars), and mean star formation rate over the last 400 Myr. We find statistically significant correlations between log(C/M) and all parameters. These trends are consistent across different M-star selection methods, though the fiducial values change. Of particular note is our observed relationship between log(C/M) and stellar metallicity, which is fully consistent with the trend seen across Local Group satellite galaxies. The fact that this trend persists in stellar populations with very different star formation histories indicates that the C/M ratio is governed by stellar properties alone.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Consistent Attack: Universal Adversarial Perturbation on Embodied Vision Navigation
Creators: name: Ying, Chengyang
name: Qiaoben, You
name: Zhou, Xinning
name: Su, Hang
name: Ding, Wenbo
name: Ai, Jianyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Embodied agents in vision navigation coupled with deep neural networks have attracted increasing attention. However, deep neural networks have been shown vulnerable to malicious adversarial noises, which may potentially cause catastrophic failures in Embodied Vision Navigation. Among different adversarial noises, universal adversarial perturbations (UAP), i.e., a constant image-agnostic perturbation applied on every input frame of the agent, play a critical role in Embodied Vision Navigation since they are computation-efficient and application-practical during the attack. However, existing UAP methods ignore the system dynamics of Embodied Vision Navigation and might be sub-optimal. In order to extend UAP to the sequential decision setting, we formulate the disturbed environment under the universal noise $δ$, as a $δ$-disturbed Markov Decision Process ($δ$-MDP). Based on the formulation, we analyze the properties of $δ$-MDP and propose two novel Consistent Attack methods, named Reward UAP and Trajectory UAP, for attacking Embodied agents, which consider the dynamic of the MDP and calculate universal noises by estimating the disturbed distribution and the disturbed Q function. For various victim models, our Consistent Attack can cause a significant drop in their performance in the PointGoal task in Habitat with different datasets and different scenes. Extensive experimental results indicate that there exist serious potential risks for applying Embodied Vision Navigation methods to the real world.
Backdoors into Heterogeneous Classes of SAT and CSP
Creators: name: Gaspers, Serge
name: Misra, Neeldhara
name: Ordyniak, Sebastian
name: Szeider, Stefan
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we extend the classical notion of strong and weak backdoor sets for SAT and CSP by allowing that different instantiations of the backdoor variables result in instances that belong to different base classes; the union of the base classes forms a heterogeneous base class. Backdoor sets to heterogeneous base classes can be much smaller than backdoor sets to homogeneous ones, hence they are much more desirable but possibly harder to find. We draw a detailed complexity landscape for the problem of detecting strong and weak backdoor sets into heterogeneous base classes for SAT and CSP.
description: to appear in JCSS, full version of an AAAI 2014 paper
Psychosocial context differences in depictions of healthy and less healthy foods from 250 top-grossing American films
Creators: name: Turnwald, Bradley
name: Horii, Rina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Preregistration for study investigating the psychosocial context differences in depictions of healthy and less healthy foods from 250 top-grossing American films
Ischemic stroke in the setting of supratherapeutic International Normalized Ratio following coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a case report
Creators: name: Demir, Gokhan
name: Hommos, Rama
name: Sami Al-Sirhan, Sally
name: Abu Serhan, Hashem
name: Haddadin, Muhannad
name: Bin Rashid, Umar
name: Chawa, Yamane
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Clinical sciences

description: Background SARS-CoV-19 infection is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events. We present a case of acute middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke in a patient with SARS-CoV-19 infection despite being on warfarin with supratherapeutic INR (International Normalized Ratio). Case presentation A 68-year-old Caucasian female with multiple comorbidities was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection. A rapid antigen test confirmed the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, and intravenous remdesivir was initiated. On the fifth day of admission, the patient experienced sudden onset confusion, slurred speech, left-sided hemiplegia, right-sided eye deviation, and left-sided facial droop. Imaging studies revealed an occlusion of the distal anterior M2 segment of the right middle cerebral artery, and an MRI of the brain confirmed an acute right MCA infarction. Notably, the patient was receiving warfarin therapy with a supratherapeutic INR of 3.2. Conclusions This case report highlights the potential for thromboembolic events, including stroke, in patients with COVID-19 infection, even when receiving therapeutic anticoagulation therapy. Healthcare providers should be vigilant for signs of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with pre-existing risk factors. Further research is necessary to understand the pathophysiology and optimal management of thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients. Other InformationPublished in: Journal of Medical Case Reports
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-023-03936-8
FreeKD: Free-direction Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Feng, Kaituo
name: Li, Changsheng
name: Yuan, Ye
name: Wang, Guoren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge distillation (KD) has demonstrated its effectiveness to boost the performance of graph neural networks (GNNs), where its goal is to distill knowledge from a deeper teacher GNN into a shallower student GNN. However, it is actually difficult to train a satisfactory teacher GNN due to the well-known over-parametrized and over-smoothing issues, leading to invalid knowledge transfer in practical applications. In this paper, we propose the first Free-direction Knowledge Distillation framework via Reinforcement learning for GNNs, called FreeKD, which is no longer required to provide a deeper well-optimized teacher GNN. The core idea of our work is to collaboratively build two shallower GNNs in an effort to exchange knowledge between them via reinforcement learning in a hierarchical way. As we observe that one typical GNN model often has better and worse performances at different nodes during training, we devise a dynamic and free-direction knowledge transfer strategy that consists of two levels of actions: 1) node-level action determines the directions of knowledge transfer between the corresponding nodes of two networks; and then 2) structure-level action determines which of the local structures generated by the node-level actions to be propagated. In essence, our FreeKD is a general and principled framework which can be naturally compatible with GNNs of different architectures. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets demonstrate our FreeKD outperforms two base GNNs in a large margin, and shows its efficacy to various GNNs. More surprisingly, our FreeKD has comparable or even better performance than traditional KD algorithms that distill knowledge from a deeper and stronger teacher GNN.
description: Accepted to KDD 2022
I'd Like to Write the World an Ad: A Compositional Analysis of Popular Jingles
Creators: name: Tyson, JJ
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: For nearly a century, advertisers have used music to communicate messages on behalf of companies. However, despite their prevalence as a marketing tool, very little research has been conducted on what makes jingles an effective means of reaching consumers. In 2010, Forbes magazine published a list of the “10 Greatest Jingles of All Time,” as voted on by a panel of C.M.Os. However, when they were asked what made these jingles “enduring”, the response was simply “sticking power.”This goal of this research is to elucidate what creates the “sticking power” found in a successful jingle. Through critical analysis of the lyrical, musical, and visual aspects of the ten jingle-based advertisements on the Forbes list, the goal of this thesis is two-fold; to clarify what elements these ten advertisements have in common, and to lay the groundwork for future research into the question, “What makes a good jingle?”
Provably-secure randomness generation from switching probability of magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Ng, Hong Jie
name: Yang, Shuhan
name: Yao, Zhaoyang
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
name: Lim, Charles C. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, true random number generators (TRNGs) based on magnetic tunnelling junction (MTJ) have become increasingly attractive. This is because MTJ-based TRNGs offer some advantages over traditional CMOS-based TRNGs, such as smaller area and simpler structure. However, there has been no work thus far that quantified the quality of the raw output of an MTJ-based TRNG and performed suitable randomness extraction to produce provably-secure random bits, unlike their CMOS-based counterparts. In this work, we implement an MTJ-based TRNG and characterise the entropy of the raw output. Using this information, we perform post-processing to extract a set of random bits which are provably-secure.
description: 6 pages, all comments are welcome