cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Instability in interacting dark sector: An appropriate Holographic Ricci dark energy model
Creators: name: Herrera, Ramon
name: Hipolito-Ricaldi, W. S.
name: Videla, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the consequences of phantom crossing considering the perturbative dynamics in models with interaction in their dark sector. By mean of a general study of gauge-invariant variables in comoving gauge, we relate the sources of instabilities in the structure formation process with the phantom crossing. In order to illustrate these relations and its consequences in more detail, we consider a specific case of an holographic dark energy interacting with dark matter. We find that in spite of the model is in excellent agreement with observational data at background level, however it is plagued of instabilities in its perturbative dynamics. We reconstruct the model in order to avoid these undesirable instabilities, and we show that this implies a modification of the concordance model at background. Also we find drastic changes on the parameters space in our model when instabilities are avoided.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures. Minor corrections, references added, accepted in JCAP
Evaluation of Sugarcane Bagasse as Bio Adsorbent In Textile Wastewater Treatment
Creators: name: Welegerima, Teklay
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: This thesis was conducted for evaluation of sugarcane bagasse as bio adsorbent for removing of textile wastewater colour. The sugarcane bagasse was soaked in hydrochloric acid solution for twenty four hours and finally the sugarcane bagasse was dried in oven to remove moisture. The sugarcane bagasse was characterized according ASTM method for moisture content and ash content as well as according ISO method for volatile matter. The experimental result obtained were 29% for moisture content, 4.2% for ash content and 83% for volatile matter. FTIR analysis of sugarcane bagasse was carried out and the experimental result indicates that the presence of different functional groups on the surface of sugarcane bagasse before and after adsorption. In addition to this XRD analysis of sugarcane bagasse was conducted. The higher peak of XRD analysis indicates crystalline cellulose region and the lower peak indicates amorphous structure. The raw textile wastewater was characterized according APHA method for BOD, COD and TDS before and after adsorption as well as pH before adsorption and the results were for BOD it ranges from 48 mg/L – 163 mg/L before adsorption and from 20 mg/L – 83 mg/L after adsorption and for COD 925 mg/L before adsorption and 50 mg/L after adsorption as well as TDS 10,000 mg/L before adsorption and 8400 mg/L after adsorption. Eventually the pH value before adsorption was 9.65. Adsorption was conducted using synthetic azo dye and textile wastewater at the factors of concentration, Adsorbent, pH and contact time and the higher colour removal was achieved at optimum value of concentration 52.5 mg/L, dose of adsorbent 2.5-gram, pH 6.5 and time 75 minute for both adsorption. Based on ANOVA analysis on adsorption of azo dye and textile wastewater on to bagasse, factors of concentration, pH, and time were significant. Kinetic study was carried out for adsorption of azo dye and textile wastewater and pseudo first order model was well fitted for both adsorptions. In addition to this adsorption isotherm was conducted for azo dye and textile wastewater adsorption and the Langmuir isotherm model was well fitted for both adsorptions. To conclude the comparative analysis of azo dye and textile wastewater adsorption using sugarcane bagasse as bio-adsorbent and the result provide that, there was a higher percentage of colour removal with azo dye adsorption when compared with adsorption of textile wastewater and the results were 90% for azo dye colour removal and 81% for textile wastewater colour removal.
title: NanoExtreme: Nano-focus end-station with double-sided CO2 laser heating for experiments at ID27@ESRF
Creators: name: Morgenroth, Wolfgang
name: Mezouar, Mohamed
name: Garbarino, Gastón
name: Pakhomova, Anna
name: Wehinger, Björn
name: Herrmann, Markus
name: Jahn, Sandro
name: Libon, Lélia
name: Wilke, Max
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The ESRF has built a new high pressure beamline for nano-focused X-ray diffraction, fluorescence and imaging at the extremely brilliant source EBS. The upgraded beamline is in operation since end of 2021.

In the framework of the joint BMBF-funded project ‘NanoExtrem’, research groups from the Universities of Potsdam and Cologne have been contributing to the construction of this end-station by providing personnel and instrumentation:

15 – 60 keV in monochromatic mode, additional ‘pink’ beam mode
beam focus of down to ~250 nm at 17.00 keV to achieve pressures >500 GPa
XRD detection using EIGER2 X CdTe 9M detector
sample goniometers for nano-focusing, YAG and CO2 laser heating or heavy duty experiments like Paris-Edinburgh cell or a 4 K cryostat
in preparation: new experiments exploiting coherence of the beam and providing X-ray imaging capabilities.

This ‘high-flux nano-XRD’ beamline is optimized for the needs of the geo- and materials-science community for in-situ XRD and XRF studies at extreme conditions. It will be possible to study materials relevant to processes of the deep Earth or other planetary bodies in an unprecedented manner. We will present the overall design and provide first insights to performance parameters commissioned and used in first user experiments.

We acknowledge many divisions within the ESRF for construction and the German BMBF for financial support. BMBF project ‘NanoExtrem’ 05K2019: 05K19IP2 (Potsdam) and 05K19PK2 (Köln).
Analysis of mechanical and thermal loads effects on Wheel-rail material during slippage
Creators: name: Abdulhakim, Merdassa
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Slippage is the main cause of damage and strength reduction of rail/wheel material. During rail-wheel rolling contact there always exist micro slippages at contact area. Even if normal movement of railway wheel is combination slip-stick phenomena, slippage will cause severe effect the wheel and rail material. This paper focus on the analysis of effects of longitudinal slippages at rail head and wheel tread contact area based on elastic-plastic model by introducing elastic and plastic material model for the rail and wheel. The normal load is analyzed with both hertz and FE method whereas the tangential load is analyzed using Coulomb's and Johnson/vermulen method. Beside, Surface temperature of the interface for different slip velocity is estimated analytically. The loads and boundary condition are simulated for over contact area in order to predicate the effect using ANSYS 15 commercial software. Based on the analysis and simulation the loads that developed during longitudinal slippage create the high thermo-mechanical stress on contact area. This cause plastic strain development and reduction of stress fatigue life for the increased value of loads that resulted from slippage as can note from analysis and simulation results.
Co-pelletization of Torrefied Cotton Stalk and Coffee Husk as an Alternative Energy Source for Cement Pyroprocessing
Creators: name: Yeayneabeba, Tadesse
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Cement manufacturing is an energy and emission intensive process. The use of alternative fuels to replace coal contributes to energy security and the total environmental footprint of the cement industry. This study investigated the suitability of co-pelletized torrefied coffee husk and cotton stalk as alternative energy mix for cement pyroprocessing. Process parameters which affect the calorific value such as particle size (100-125����, 125-250 ���� and, 250-500 ����), mixing ratio (0.33, 0.5 and 0.67) and torrefaction temperature (200℃, 250℃ and 300℃) were optimized via Box Behnken design (BBD). Characterization of raw coffee husk, cotton stalk and mixed torrefied pellet for proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calorific value, bulk density, ash composition, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR) were determined to understand the physiochemical and thermal property of the fuel. Based on the results, the optimal conditions were (particle size=100-125����, mixing ratio=0.62 and torrefaction temperature of 300℃), with a maximum calorific value of 5320.72kcal/kg. The optimum mixed torrefied pellet showed a decrease in moisture content (1.67%), volatile content (50.45%), hydrogen to carbon ratio (0.044) and oxygen to carbon (0.4239), while the fixed carbon (37.14%), elemental carbon (68.1195%) and calorific value (5322.31kcal/kg or 22.283 MJ/Kg) increased considerably. As shown in the FT-IR analysis, loss of -OH groups resulted in decreased hydrogen-bonding capacity which makes the mixed torrefied pellet more hydrophobic. Moreover, the TGA analysis showed that the lignin content at higher torrefaction temperature was higher which was responsible for the higher heating value of mixed torrefied pellet. In view of the results obtained in this study, the proposed mixed torrefied pellet has a potential to be used as a source of alternative energy for cement industries.
Unleashing the Power of Modern Portfolio Theory: Maximizing Returns while Managing Risk
Creators: name: Prasad, Kalyan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: #Portfolioptimization #Assetmanagement #AssetAllocation #Finance #SciPy #Python

description: Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) Overview: Modern portfolio theory is a mathematical approach that helps in creating an investment portfolio by considering both the potential risks and returns. This theory has evolved since the 1950s and describes the mathematics of constructing an optimal portfolio based upon risk and return parameters. It involves selecting assets that have a correlation with historical returns and that can diversify the portfolio. MPT key component is Diversification meaning that optimal results are achieved by selecting a balanced mix of high-risk/high-return and low-risk/low-return investments, tailored to individual risk tolerance. Objective: This poster is intended to help you all understand the end-to-end process of modern portfolio theory using real-time data. I assure you, it's an interesting one!
title: Mapping radiation-damage annealing in zircon
Creators: name: Härtel, Birk
name: Jonckheere, Raymond
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Radiation damage accumulates in the zircon lattice due to α-disintegration of trace levels of U, Th, and their α-emitting daughters. Upon heating, the lattice damage anneals in two stages by elimination of point defects and crystallization of amorphous domains. Raman spectroscopy is the method of choice to track lattice repair over the two stages due to changes in Raman positions and bandwidths (FWHM) of different bands during annealing. In annealing experiments with controlled time and temperature conditions, the process is usually monitored by Raman measurements after each experimental run. Raman mapping of partially annealed zircon proves to be even more effective than point measurements: (1) the zoning in actinide concentrations enables the comparison of annealing in zones with different initial damage; (2) spatial effects of annealing such as the fading of zoning can be taken into account; (3) tracking changes in the Raman signal from each spot in the map enables to acquire a large amount of annealing data.

While earlier studies produced Raman maps of zircon annealed at high temperatures, we focused on low-temperature stage I annealing. We carried out isothermal annealing experiments on four polished Plešovice zircon grains (1.5 – 2 mm diameter), at temperatures between 300 and 610 °C, with durations between 5 minutes and 70 days, mapping out four Raman bands after each annealing run. Our results show the progressive evolution of the Raman parameters with annealing time and temperature and allow the comparison to natural samples that underwent annealing during their geological history.
The intrinsic line width of the Fe Ka line of AGN
Creators: name: Liu, Jiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray fluorescent lines are unique features of the reflection spectrum of the cold torus when irradiated by the central AGN. Their intrinsic line widths can be used to probe the line-emitting region. The line widths of the Fe \Ka line measured from the first order Chandra High Energy Grating (HEG) spectra are $3-5$ times larger than those measured with the Si \Ka line for Circinus, Mrk 3, and NGC 1068. Because the observed Si \Ka and Fe \Ka lines are not necessarily coming from the same physical region, it is uncertain whether the line widths of the Fe \Ka line are over-estimated or not. We measured the intrinsic line widths of the Fe \Ka line of several nearby bright AGN using the second and third order Chandra HEG spectra, whose spectral resolutions are better than the first order data. We found the measured widths are all smaller than those from the first order data. The results clearly show that the widths of the Fe \Ka line measured from the first order HEG data are over-estimated. It indicates that the Fe \Ka lines of the studied sources are originating from regions around the cold dusty torus.
description: 4 pages, 2 figs, MNRAS Letters in press
title: New opportunities to unravel the microarchitecture of mineral and organo-mineral associations by NanoSIMS using the upgraded O source
Creators: name: Höschen, Carmen
name: Schweizer, Steffen A.
name: Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
NanoSIMS (nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry) allows unique elemental and isotopic analyses at nanometer spatial resolution and provided challenging insights into the architecture of soil organo-mineral constituents and valuable knowledge of crucial processes taking place at the microscale.

The NanoSIMS instrument is equipped with two ion sources: the Cesium source (Cs+) convenient to detect ions related to organic matter distribution and the Oxygen source (O-) favourable to provide information on mineral phases or metals in samples.

In this contribution a diverse range of case studies will be presented highlighting analytical and experimental applications of the NanoSIMS upgraded with an improved RF plasma O-source as recently installed at the TUM. With a spatial resolution down to 50nm and high stability, the upgraded O- source is now best suitable for probing elemental and isotopic composition of minerals at the microscale, which provides ample opportunities for novel experimental applications.

Furthermore, extended analyses of soil organo-mineral associations are possible with both Cs+ and O- sources at similar resolution. This enables novel combinations of C, N, P and Si distributions depicted by the Cs+ source with the distribution of e.g.  Na, Mg, K, Ca  and advanced measurement of Fe and Al as revealed by the O- source. Post-processing tools for unsupervised clustering and supervised segmentation facilitate the comparison and quantitative analysis of the spatial architecture within intact soil structures.

These recently developed techniques provide an innovative platform to extend our understanding of biogeochemical processes taking place at organo-mineral and mineral-mineral interfaces at the microscale.
title: Re-distribution of platinum-group elements in supergene ores of the Merensky Reef, Eastern Bushveld Complex, South Africa
Creators: name: Korges, Maximilian
name: Junge, Malte
name: Borg, Gregor
name: Oberthür, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa, is one of the largest resources of platinum-group elements (PGE) worldwide. Near-surface supergene ores of the Merensky Reef contain high grades of PGE and are economical ore bodies. Unfortunately, the recovery rates of these ores are low. This is the first study that investigates the variation of PGE in pristine and supergene samples of the Merensky Reef from the eastern Bushveld.

The whole-rock PGE distribution was investigated via ICP-MS and the platinum-group mineral (PGM) distribution with reflected light microscopy, SEM, and microprobe. Pristine samples reveal that the PGEs occur mainly as discrete PGMs and in solid solution in sulfides (especially Pd in pentlandite). The PGMs in the pristine ore are PGE-sulfides, e.g. cooperite-braggite or laurite; and subordinate PGE-bismuthotellurides and PGE-arsenides. During weathering, sulfur and, to a lower extent, Pd, were removed resulting in a PGE mineralogy that mainly consists of relict PGM, Pt-Fe alloys, and Pt-oxides/hydroxides. Additionally, PGEs (mainly Pd) are hosted by Fe-hydroxides and secondary hydrosilicates (e.g., chlorite or serpentine).

The highly variable distribution in the supergene ore results in very low and thus uneconomic recovery rates. The PGEs in the weathered samples occur only partly as discrete PGMs and therefore the processing is not as effective. The PGEs are also hosted by hydrosilicates and Fe-hydroxide and thus hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical processing of the bulk rock is necessary for the extraction of PGE, which is still uneconomic and thus new chemical bulk-leaching methods would need to be developed.
title: H2O phase separation in FeO-free phonolitic melt
Creators: name: Eul, Dennis
name: Allabar, Anja
name: Petri, Patricia
name: Nowak, Marcus
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Melt degassing is an important driving force for accelerated magma ascent from storage regions toward the surface and volcanic activity. Hence, the investigation of degassing processes of H2O as the most abundant volatile in magmas is important. One of the key properties of eruptive products used in reconstructing volcanic degassing processes is the vesicle number density (VND) of volcanic glasses. The formation of such vesicles can be explained by nucleation in the metastable region of the melt-H2O system (e.g. Hurwitz and Navon, 1994). The nucleation rate of vesicles in rhyolitic melts increases exponentially with increasing supersaturation and VND increases exponentially with decompression rate (dP/dt) (e.g. Hamada et al. 2010; Hajimirza et al. 2019). However, for phonolitic melt with 2.71 wt% FeO (Vesuvius white pumice, VAD79) independence of VND on dP/dt has been observed (Allabar and Nowak, 2018). Therefore, these authors proposed spinodal decomposition, a non-activated mechanism at the thermodynamic limit of stability, as a phase separation mechanism.

Aiming to derive a possible effect of FeO on the phase separation mechanism in phonolitic melt, we performed decompression experiments with iron-free hydrous VAD79 melt and decompression rates of 0.17, 1.7, and 5 MPa/s. Our first results suggest a dependence of VND on dP/dt which can be approximated by the VND – dP/dt relation of Toramaru (2006). This indicates that the FeO melt component substantially affects the type of phase separation mechanism of hydrous phonolitic melt.
Thom's official directory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for the year 1904 (Backmatter and Index to advertizers)
Creators: name: Alex. Thom & Co.
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nobility
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1038255
subject: Cities and towns
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/861748
subject: Directories
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/894589
subject: Business--Directories
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/842318

description: "Comprising British, foreign, and colonial directories. Parliamentary directory, Peerage, baronetage, and knightage directory. Naval and military directory. Statistics of Great Britain and Ireland. Government offices directory. University, scientific, and medical directory., Law directory. Ecclesiastical directory. Banking directory. Postal directory. County and borough directory. Lieutenancy and magistracy of Ireland. Post office Dublin city and county directory, with a new coloured map of Dublin and its environs."
Equipment configuration in optical networks
Creators: name: Minagar., Amir Reza
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Analysis on the Influence of Rail Pad on Ballasted Railway Track
Creators: name: Belete, Lemma
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Railway tracks are commonly constructed with resilient elements (rail pads, ballasts etc.) They serve as the primary means of reducing the level of vibration generated through railway operations, key element in the transfer of wheel-rail forces into the track substructure, filter and transfer the dynamic forces from rails and fasteners to the sleepers. Understanding of the mechanistic behaviour of the rail pad is important in the development of improved track components. The purpose of this thesis is to study the influence of rail pad on the behaviour of ballasted Railway track under dynamic and static loading. By creating models in the finite element program ABAQUS and ANSYS apdl responses to dynamic and static loading is studied respectively, using a 2D model. Beam on discrete support model is selected for the track; the rail and sleeper are best modelled by Euler-Bernoulli beam element. Spring and dashpot is used for the simulation of rail pads and the connection between the sleeper and subgrade ground. At last the models developed are analysed to study the effect of rail pad and speed on track component under different train location and different method of analysis, using the above Finite Element Packages. Even though, the main use of Rail pad is to filter the dynamic load coming from train, it has great influence in absorbing the coming static load from train too. Deformed shape, Stress, and displacement due to the static load is presented, the comparison is made due to variation of rail pad type (soft, Hard, Normal, EVA) and K&C value, at the edge and centre point of loading. The Stress, Vertical acceleration and displacement are analysed for a range of K&C value, speed for the dynamic analysis. For the static load analysed, for the two different point loading, the y (vertical) displacement /deformation/ decreased as both stiffness and damping increased and remain constant when the stiffness increase and damping value remain constant. The value of stress increased when we change the pad from soft to normal, gets reduced for the other twocases i.e. From Normal to hard, and hard to EVA. For the dynamic case the value of Vertical acceleration or vibration increase as both stiffness and damping increased, and also when the speed is increased from 22.22m/s -33.33m/s the acceleration behaves the same. The vertical displacement remains the same for K &C change with in interval of increase provided for both, while it gets reduced for the increase in the speed. The value of stress decreases as the K & C increase and increase while the speed increase.
Optimization and Characterization of Synthesis Conditions of Adsorbent from Bone for Removal of Fluoride
Creators: name: Tadele, Mitiku
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: This work aims to prepare adsorbents based on low cost cattle bones. The bones have sustained pyrolyzation in inert atmosphere at three different temperatures (400°C, 500oC and 600°C), time (60, 90 and 120 minutes) and inlet N2 pressure (1.5, 2 and 2.5bar) in an electric furnace. The charcoals obtained were characterized by its percentage removal of fluoride ion from synthetic fluoride water and naturally fluoridated water. The effect of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature in shaker and initial concentration of fluoride was investigated. The adsorption was rapid during the initial one hour. The adsorption efficiency of bone char for fluoride removal was increased with adsorbent dosage. The defluoridation capacity was appreciable at neutral pH. Bone char adsorbents pyrolyzed in the range between 400 to 500oC gave better fluoride removal. The fluoride adsorption efficiency depends directly on initial fluoride concentration. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption capacity and adsorption intensity at equilibrium(qe) are 12.075mg/g and 1.548 respectively.
title: Temperature calibration for high Mg-calcite planktic Foraminifera shells from the Gulf of Aqaba
Creators: name: Levy, Noy
name: Torfstein, Adi
name: Schiebel, Ralf
name: Chernihovsky, Natalie
name: Jochum, Klaus Peter
name: Weis, Ulrike
name: Stoll, Brigitte
name: Haug, Gerald H.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Hypersaline, oligotrophic seas have been shown to accommodate planktic Foraminifera (PF) with enriched Mg/Ca in their calcareous shells, compared to other marine environments. Although Mg/Ca is a widely used proxy applied as a paleothermometer, its systematics in extreme hypersaline systems is not well understood.  

We measured element ratios using LASER ablation ICP-MS on the tests of the two abundant PF species, Globigerinoides ruber albus and Turborotalita clarkei, obtained from monthly resolved time series sediment traps at various water column depths in the northern part of the GOA.

Globigerinoides ruber albus shows a positive relationship between Mg/Ca and surface water temperatures of the surface mixed layer down to 60 m water depth. Although T. clarkei does not show the same positive relationship, it exhibits high Mg/Ca during water column mixing (March–April) possibly reflecting the movement of two water masses in the water column.

Using common calibration equations (Anand et al., 2003; Kisakürek et al., 2008; Gray et al., 2018), the high-Mg (5-25 mmol/mol) provided higher than measured in-situ (IS) ambient seawater temperatures (TMg/Ca and TIS, respectively). The high salinity at the GOA (>40) is assumed to be the main reason of the high shell-bound Mg.

Comparing surface dwelling G. ruber albus versus subsurface dwelling T. clarkei may facilitate reconstruction of the absolute and relative seasonal development temperature and surface water stratification. We suggest that species specific Mg/Ca-T calibrations for the GOA provide more accurate regional palaeoceanography and paleoclimate reconstruction of hypersaline environments.
A growth-rate indicator for Compton-thick active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Brightman, M.
name: Masini, A.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Baloković, M.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Chen, C. -T.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Ricci, C.
name: Stern, D.
name: Walton, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to their heavily obscured central engines, the growth rate of Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGN) is difficult to measure. A statistically significant correlation between the Eddington ratio, λ$_{Edd}$, and the X-ray power-law index, Γ, observed in unobscured AGN offers an estimate of their growth rate from X-ray spectroscopy (albeit with large scatter). However, since X-rays undergo reprocessing by Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption when the line-of-sight to the central engine is heavily obscured, the recovery of the intrinsic Γ is challenging. Here we study a sample of local, predominantly Compton-thick megamaser AGN, where the black hole mass, and thus Eddington luminosity, are well known. We compile results on X-ray spectral fitting of these sources with sensitive high-energy (E> 10 keV) NuSTAR data, where X-ray torus models which take into account the reprocessing effects have been used to recover the intrinsic Γ values and X-ray luminosities, L$_X$. With a simple bolometric correction to L$_X$ to calculate λ$_{Edd}$, we find a statistically significant correlation between Γ and λ$_{Edd}$ (p = 0.007). A linear fit to the data yields Γ = (0.41$\pm$0.18)log$_{10}$λ$_{Edd}$+(2.38$\pm$ 0.20), which is statistically consistent with results for unobscured AGN. This result implies that torus modeling successfully recovers the intrinsic AGN parameters. Since the megamasers have low-mass black holes (M$_{BH}\approx10^6-10^7$ M$_{sol}$) and are highly inclined, our results extend the Γ-λ$_{Edd}$ relationship to lower masses and argue against strong orientation effects in the corona, in support of AGN unification. Finally this result supports the use of Γ as a growth-rate indicator for accreting black holes, even for Compton-thick AGN.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Reaction mechanisms, kinetics, structure and properties of a complex epoxy resin system
Creators: name: Min., Byung-Gak
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Analysis of pharmaceutical supply chain performance in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Woldehitsan, Bezuayehu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Back ground: pharmaceutical Supply chain management is the backbone of healthcare delivery. It arises from the fact that health care is dependent on the availability of drugs and other medical supplies at the right time and in the right quantities for the management of patients. Public health facilities are facing challenges in assuring uninterrupted pharmaceuticals that are efficacious and have good quality, physically and financially accessible and used rationally. Developing a framework for assessing the performance of the supply chain requires certain assumptions, including the ones related the areas of its measurement. Several types of indicators have been developed to measure many supply chain and logistics activities. Objective: study aimed at analysis of the performance of pharmaceutical supply chain management practices and the strength and weakness at public health facilities in Addis Ababa Methodology: a quantitative and qualitative study approaches were employed to analyze the pharmaceutical performance of public health facility. The data was collected by using performance indicator analysis check list from 41 health facilities (2 referral hospitals, 2 regional hospitals and 37 health centers) questionnaire was used to collect data from Medical director, Store Manager and Pharmacy and key personnel from PFSA were interviewed and data collection check list was used to collect past performance of the health facilities. The health facilities were classified into their sub cities and type of facility and each facility was selected by using lottery method. Each individual to be studied were selected purposely. Result: A total of 41 Health facilities were observed and all the observed health facilities have their own facility specific drug list, low warehouse accident rate, most of the facilities have a supply planning but 58.54% of the surveyed health facilities encountered stock out of essential medicines. 64% of the pharmaceuticals price is below the average international price. Wastage rate range from 1.04-10.21% and the average inventory turnover rate was 0.82. The pharmaceutical supply chain performance of the public health facilities with respect to quality, responsiveness, cost and roductivity were found moderate. Conclusion: From this study we can conclude that the public health facility supply chain performance using different measuring indicators showed that the performance was moderate and poor availability of essential medicines, poor order fill rate, long lead time, high rate of expiry and low inventory turnover rate was seen. Recommendations: Public health facilities should revise their specific drug list, improve quantification, reduce rate of expiry in addition to this PFSA should consider the cost effectiveness of the producs, improve transportation and improve lead time.
title: The dual-clumped isotope thermometer as a tool to identify and correct for isotopic disequilibrium in the clumped isotope composition of biogenic carbonate
Creators: name: Davies, Amelia
name: Brand, Uwe
name: Raddatz, Jacek
name: Gischler, Eberhard
name: Price, Gregory
name: Guo, Weifu
name: Bernecker, Miguel
name: Tagliavento, Mattia
name: Fiebig, Jens
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The clumped isotope composition (∆47) of marine biogenic carbonates is an increasingly applied proxy for temperature reconstruction. The clumped isotope measurement is particularly valuable as ∆47 is independent of the δ18O of seawater. However, kinetic effects during biomineralization can impact the ∆47 of some marine archives, impeding accurate paleotemperature reconstruction.

Dual carbonate clumped isotope thermometry (i.e., simultaneous ∆47 and ∆­48 measurements on a single carbonate) has the potential to identify kinetically driven isotopic disequilibrium in biogenic carbonate and facilitate the reconstruction of carbonate formation temperature independent of kinetic biases. We present the dual-clumped isotope compositions of several key marine archives, historically used to reconstruct changes in sea surface temperature and δ18O across the Phanerozoic. These include brachiopods, cold and warm-water corals, and belemnites.

Corals and brachiopods exhibit disequilibrium ∆47 and ∆48, corresponding kinetic effects relating to mixing of an equilibrium DIC pool with kinetically derived HCO3- produced by hydration and hydroxylation of CO2. We demonstrate how measurement of the dual clumped isotope composition of corals and brachiopods can be used to correct for kinetic bias in ∆47, yielding more accurate temperature reconstructions (<±3°C at the 95% confidence interval). Dual clumped isotope thermometry, therefore, (re-)opens brachiopod and coral archives for reconstruction of shallow and intermediate water mass temperatures on geological timescales. Furthermore, we confirm that belemnites precipitate calcite in dual-clumped isotope equilibrium yielding precise growth temperatures, thus belemnite ∆47 may be reliably used as a proxy for Mesozoic sea surface temperatures (<±2.5°C at the 95% confidence interval).
Externally heated protostellar cores in the Ophiuchus star-forming region
Creators: name: Lindberg, Johan E.
name: Charnley, Steven B.
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Cordiner, Martin A.
name: Bjerkeli, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present APEX 218 GHz observations of molecular emission in a complete sample of embedded protostars in the Ophiuchus star-forming region. To study the physical properties of the cores, we calculate H$_2$CO and c-C$_3$H$_2$ rotational temperatures, both of which are good tracers of the kinetic temperature of the molecular gas. We find that the H$_2$CO temperatures range between 16 K and 124 K, with the highest H$_2$CO temperatures toward the hot corino source IRAS 16293-2422 (69-124 K) and the sources in the $ρ$ Oph A cloud (23-49 K) located close to the luminous Herbig Be star S 1, which externally irradiates the $ρ$ Oph A cores. On the other hand, the c-C$_3$H$_2$ rotational temperature is consistently low (7-17 K) in all sources. Our results indicate that the c-C$_3$H$_2$ emission is primarily tracing more shielded parts of the envelope whereas the H$_2$CO emission (at the angular scale of the APEX beam; 3600 au in Ophiuchus) mainly traces the outer irradiated envelopes, apart from in IRAS 16293-2422, where the hot corino emission dominates. In some sources, a secondary velocity component is also seen, possibly tracing the molecular outflow.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Polymeric crystal habit modifiers for n-paraffins
Creators: name: Mills., Russell C.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Evaluation and Selection of Railway Station for the Case of Addis Ababa/Sebeta – Dire Dawa Network Line
Creators: name: Belay, Woldeamanuel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate and select railway station for the route Addis Abeba – Dire Dawa network line. Railway station site selection has a great role on the development, safety and accessibility of customer and resources. As many researches and experience of developed countries railway progress shows special attention have to be given for station site selection. To select the railway station at the right place, there are a number of criterias including internal and external factors to be considered. The new Addis Ababa - Djibouti railway network that passes through Dire Dawa which is now on construction needs railway station. The station needs to be selected using all the selection criteria according to the international railway site selection criteria and according to the situations compatibly. Even though the Ethiopian Railways Corporation has already proposed railway stations for Sebeta- Dewenle network line, it is not selected and analysed well as per the required criteria, technique / method and procedure of railway station site selection. Knowing the purpose of the railway station and understanding the proposed stations problem, this paper dealt with railway station site selection. The main data required for this research was collected from different sources like Ethiopian Railways Corporation head office and project managers, reviewing feasibility study on railway station, site visiting and using different related books, web sites, journals and related researches done in experienced countries. The data collected through data collection techniques are organized according to their categorization & analysis of the data has executed by using the selection factor and constraint criteria and multi criteria decision analyses. Then analysed by manual calculation and Microsoft excel. Finally this research evaluated the currently selected stations, identified the gap and proposed accessible and sustainable railway station of freight and passenger station for Addis Ababa - Dire Dawa line, and developed model for all railway station site selection which fit to the case of Ethiopias Railway in the future. Therefore it is applicable on Ethiopian railway system including the future railway network of all rail corridors.
Distributional and regularized radiation fields of non-uniformly moving straight dislocations, and elastodynamic Tamm problem
Creators: name: Lazar, Markus
name: Pellegrini, Yves-Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work introduces original explicit solutions for the elastic fields radiated by non-uniformly moving, straight, screw or edge dislocations in an isotropic medium, in the form of time-integral representations in which acceleration-dependent contributions are explicitly separated out. These solutions are obtained by applying an isotropic regularization procedure to distributional expressions of the elastodynamic fields built on the Green tensor of the Navier equation. The obtained regularized field expressions are singularity-free, and depend on the dislocation density rather than on the plastic eigenstrain. They cover non-uniform motion at arbitrary speeds, including faster-than-wave ones. A numerical method of computation is discussed, that rests on discretizing motion along an arbitrary path in the plane transverse to the dislocation, into a succession of time intervals of constant velocity vector over which time-integrated contributions can be obtained in closed form. As a simple illustration, it is applied to the elastodynamic equivalent of the Tamm problem, where fields induced by a dislocation accelerated from rest beyond the longitudinal wave speed, and thereafter put to rest again, are computed. As expected, the proposed expressions produce Mach cones, the dynamic build-up and decay of which is illustrated by means of full-field calculations.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures. v2: metadata amended. v3: a few minor typos corrected in the text, and better-looking hyperlinks
title: High-pressure phase relations in the system Fe-Ni-Cu-S up to 14 GPa
Creators: name: Beyer, Christopher
name: Bissbort, Thilo
name: Hartmann, Rebecca
name: Fonseca, Raul
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Base metal sulfides (Fe-Ni-Cu-S) are ubiquitous phases in mantle and subduction-related lithologies. Depending on their Cu and Ni content, sulfides may melt incongruently, leaving a solid residue called monosulfide solid solution (mss), and a Cu-Ni-rich sulfide melt. However, the persistence of crystalline sulfide phases like mss in the Earth's mantle has long been up for debate, as the presence of both mss and sulfide melt in mantle rocks would lead to the fractionation of chalcophile elements during mantle melting. Recent studies have shown that the average mantle sulfide is fully molten at average mantle potential temperatures (1300-1400 °C) up to 8 GPa (ca. 240 km). However, sulfide inclusions found in diamonds show a broad compositional spectrum, ranging from Ni-poor and Fe-rich (eclogitic), to Ni-rich and Fe-poor sulfides (peridotitic), with their Cu contents being generally low. Results on the melting properties of average mantle sulfide are thus not applicable to the full compositional range shown sulfide compositions sampled by diamonds originating from greater depths. Here we present the results of an experimental study where the melting properties of typical sulfide compositions found in diamond inclusions associated with eclogites and peridotites have been determined. Experiments have been carried out between 0.1 MPa and 14 GPa, and between 850 and 1590 °C. Results show that solid mss in Fe-rich, Ni-poor sulfide inclusions associated with eclogites persist to higher pressures and temperatures compared to their more Ni-rich peridotitic counterparts. Our results have implications for the recycling of chalcophile elements during subduction-related processes.
LudiAlgèbre
Creators: name: Serna, Audrey
name: Lavoué, Elise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ludification
Motivation
Apprentissage

description: Fiche outil sur "LudiAlgèbre", un environnement numérique ludifié destiné à augmenter la motivation et l'engagement des élèves lors de séances d'apprentissage de notions d'algèbre.
Connectivity-Aware Traffic Phase Scheduling for Heterogeneously Connected Vehicles
Creators: name: Zhou, Shanyu
name: Seferoglu, Hulya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider a transportation system of heterogeneously connected vehicles, where not all vehicles are able to communicate. Heterogeneous connectivity in transportation systems is coupled to practical constraints such that (i) not all vehicles may be equipped with devices having communication interfaces, (ii) some vehicles may not prefer to communicate due to privacy and security reasons, and (iii) communication links are not perfect and packet losses and delay occur in practice. In this context, it is crucial to develop control algorithms by taking into account the heterogeneity. In this paper, we particularly focus on making traffic phase scheduling decisions. We develop a connectivity-aware traffic phase scheduling algorithm for heterogeneously connected vehicles that increases the intersection efficiency (in terms of the average number of vehicles that are allowed to pass the intersection) by taking into account the heterogeneity. The simulation results show that our algorithm significantly improves the efficiency of intersections as compared to the baselines.
Vortex interaction in flows over bluff bodies
Creators: name: H.Mills., Richard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Elaastic
Creators: name: Silvestre, Franck
name: Parmentier, Jean-François
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evaluations formatives
Enseignement hybride

description: Fiche outil sur "Elaastic", une application Web pour la mise en œuvre d'évaluations formatives, en face à face, à distance, ou en enseignement hybride.