cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
18.7% Emitter Wrap-Through Silicon Solar Cells with Screen-Printed Silver Contacts Acting as a Barrier for Evaporated Aluminium Metallization
Creators: name: Fallisch, A.
name: Werner, S.
name: Retzlaff, M.
name: Neubauer, R.
name: Lottspeich, F.
name: Biro, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 995-998
description: Since earlier EWT cells with an evaporated aluminium metallization suffered from an inability of
providing annealing, a screen-printed silver finger is used to contact the emitter. This silver finger hinders the
evaporated aluminium layer, which is used for the laser-fired contacts, from reducing the pseudo fill factor in a
final annealing step. The pseudo fill factor is thereby increased up to over 80% leading to conversion efficiencies
up to 18.2% on FZ silicon using an emitter with a sheet resistance of 60 Ω/sq. Front and rear side are passivated
in a short oxidation step. This reduces the phosphorus concentration at the surface while simultaneously
increasing the conductivity of the emitter. Furthermore it is shown, that a single side polishing step after the laser
damage removal and texturization process approves to be beneficial for the open-circuit voltage. By using a
standard POCl3 diffusion process conversion efficiencies up to 18.7% are achieved on FZ silicon.
Application of Amorphous Silicon Buffer Layers to Interdigitated Back Contacted Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mingirulli, N.
name: Haschke, J.
name: Schulze, T.F.
name: Rößler, R.
name: Düsterhöft, J.
name: Ferré, R.
name: Meyer, R.
name: Moschner, J.
name: Plagwitz, H.
name: Wagner, T.
name: Harder, N.-P.
name: Korte, L.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Rech, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 999-1003
description: We investigate different sets of deposition conditions of a-Si:H(i)-layers used as buffer layers in both
side-contacted solar cells regarding the applicability to <100> oriented surfaces, which are present in our backcontacted
silicon heterojunction solar cells. In accordance with other authors, we find that depending on the
deposition conditions, the passivation quality is very sensitive to the crystal orientation. Based on the observation of
the annealing behavior we attribute a low passivation quality to low quality epitaxial growth. Varying the pressure in
the chamber as well as the hydrogen flow and the deposition temperature we identify appropriate deposition
conditions for reaching high Voc-values on <100> oriented surfaces. It is shown that the Voc potential of emitter and
back-surface field layers significantly increases upon inclusion of buffer layers on symmetric lifetime samples.
Including the buffer layers in emitter and back-surface field layers in interdigitated back-contacted solar cells,
systematic improvement of the Voc can be observed, whereas the values lack behind expected values by about 50mV.
Analysis of different contact systems on test structures indicate that detrimental effects stemming from the contact
layer consisting of aluminum can mask the Voc potential of the intrinsic buffer layers.
Silicon Ingot Technology and Ribbon Growth for Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schwirtlich, I.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 808-810
description: With the continuation of the growth of the photovoltaic market expected in the coming decades, supposing
silicon technology will remain the leading basis, about 300.000 t of silicon feedstock have to be processed effectively.
Due to the extensions in silicon feed stock production capacities accomplished within the last years, sufficient silicon of
high quality is expected to be available. Different silicon technologies for melting and crystallization are applied: ribbon
growth, mono-, cast mono- and multi-crystalline ingot growth. Actually cast-mono ingot preparation is in development.
The technologies result in different wafer qualities that are tentatively discussed in terms of dislocation densities, resp.
etch pit densities and efficiencies of solar cells as function of the crystallization speed.
Whitney Smooth Families of Invariant Tori within the Reversible Context 2 of KAM Theory
Creators: name: Sevryuk, Mikhail B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70K43, 70H33

description: We prove a general theorem on the persistence of Whitney infinitely smooth families of invariant tori in the reversible context 2 of KAM theory. This context refers to the situation where dim Fix G < (codim T)/2 where Fix G is the fixed point manifold of the reversing involution G and T is the invariant torus in question. Our result is obtained as a corollary of the theorem by H.W.Broer, M.-C.Ciocci, H.Hanssmann, and A.Vanderbauwhede of 2009 concerning quasi-periodic stability of invariant tori with singular "normal" matrices in reversible systems.
description: 32 pages
19.4% -Efficient Large Area Rear-Passivated Screen-Printed Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Dullweber, T.
name: Gatz, S.
name: Hannebauer, H.
name: Falcon, T.
name: Hesse, R.
name: Schmidt, J.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 811-816
description: We have implemented a baseline solar cell process based on today’s standard industrially
manufactured silicon solar cells with conversion efficiencies up to 18.5% applying 125×125 mm² 2-3 Ωcm borondoped
Cz silicon wafers, screen-printed front and rear contacts, and a homogenously doped 70 /sq n+-emitter.
Optimizing a print-on-print process, we reduce the silver finger width from 110 μm to 70 μm which increases the
conversion efficiency up to 18.9% due to the reduced shadowing loss. In order to further increase the efficiency, we
implement two different dielectric rear surface passivation stacks: (i) a silicon dioxide/silicon nitride stack and (ii) an
aluminium oxide/silicon nitride stack. The rear contacts to the silicon base are formed by local laser ablation of the
passivation stack and aluminium screen printing. The dielectric layer stacks at the rear decrease the surface
recombination velocity from Seff,rear = 350 cm/s for a full-area Al-BSF down to Seff,rear = 70 cm/s and increase the
internal reflectance from 61% up to 91%. The improved solar cell rear increases the conversion efficiency  up to an
independently confirmed value of 19.4%. The detailed solar cell analysis reveals potential to further increase the
conversion efficiency towards 20% in the near future.
CIGS Solar Cells with Screen-Printed Contacts
Creators: name: Olaisen, B.R.
name: Edoff, M.
name: Holt, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3007-3010
description: Screen-printed metal grid was compared with electron beam evaporated contacts for CIGS test cells. Both
the screen-printed samples and the reference samples were fired with different temperatures from 150°C to 400°C, and the
effect of the heat treatment on the efficiency, fill factor, short circuit current density, open circuit voltage and quantum
efficiency was examined. The screen-printed pastes, including a polymer based one, was all found to have too high
resistivities when fired below 350°C. CIGS solar cells with CdS as a buffer layer were found to improve when anealed with a
moderate heat treatment of 250°C to 300°C, while CIGS solar cells with Zn(O,S) deteriorated with anealing above 200°C.
Mastering Thin Film Measurements on a Grand Scale as a Daily Routine
Creators: name: Dirnberger, D.
name: Kräling, U.
name: Farnung, B.
name: Neuberger, F.
name: Kiefer, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3261-3266
description: 25% of all measurements performed in 2010 at CalLab PV Modules, Fraunhofer ISE’s laboratory for
module measurements, were of thin film PV modules. This contribution outlines the daily procedures that are applied
to guarantee minimum uncertainties and explains the two major differences in uncertainty estimation for thin film and
crystalline silicon PV modules: the spectral mismatch factor and stability issues. A clear distinction is made between
pure measurement uncertainties, i. e. uncertainty of the module power at time of measurement, and the uncertainty of
the current state of the module in terms of metastable STC power. Pure measurement uncertainties can be minimized
by using a reference cell with equal wavelength limits as the module under test. We demonstrate this theoretically and
on the basis of measurements with different reference cells. As a result, we found that pure measurement
uncertainties of ±2% for single junction technologies are realistic. This is also reflected in results of an international
round robin. However, more effort is still needed to control metastability effects.
Petroplacus lizae Pomazkina, Rodionova, Sherbakova & D. M. Williams 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Pomazkina, Galina
name: Rodionova, Yelena
name: Sherbakova, Tatyana
name: Williams, David. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Lyrellales
Lyrellaceae
Petroplacus
Petroplacus lizae

description: Petroplacus lizae Pomazkina, Rodionova, Sherbakova & D.M.Williams, sp. nov. (Figs 1–22)
LM: Valves linear-elliptic to linear broad with protracted rostrate ends, 25–35 μm long, 15–18 μm wide. Axial area linear, widening towards valve centre forming a transversely elongated central area. Raphe straight, external central raphe endings expanded into T-shaped grooves. Transapical striae radiate, 13–16 in 10 μm at valve centre, 17–22 in 10 μm at apices; irregular shorter striae at valve edge between main striae. SEM: Valves flat, linear-elliptic to broadly linear, with shallow mantle. Striae composed of small round densely disposed poroids, 35–50 in 10 μm. Externally, central raphe endings expanded into deep T-shaped grooves, terminal fissures deflected bluntly to secondary side. Internally, central raphe endings straight, filiform, with pronounced central nodule. Distal raphe endings terminate in simple helictoglossae, slightly bent away from centre. Areolae openings occluded by simple volae, which coalesce with neighboring volae to form a chain-like structure within a stria. Cingulum composed of two slit narrow bands regularly perforated by fine pores.
 Type:— RUSSIA. Lake Baikal: Northern basin, Cape Elokhin, sand sample collected by diver in the littoral zone at st. 12, 29 June 1997 (holotype: slide 0043-BK housed at the Limnological Institute SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, here illustrated as Fig. 1. Isotypes: BK! slide 0043 (st. 12), Limnological Institute SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia; BM! 100353).
 Etymology:— The specific epithet is named after Liza Clark, the grandchild of the author G. Pomazkina. Distribution:— Known only from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Pomazkina, Galina, Rodionova, Yelena, Sherbakova, Tatyana & Williams, David. M., 2016, Petroplacus gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new genus of diatom from Lake Baikal, pp. 267-276 in Phytotaxa 272 (4) on pages 269-270, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13647319
Classical and relativistic flux of energy conservation in astrophysical jets
Creators: name: Zaninetti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conservation of the energy flux in turbulent jets which propagate in the intergalactic medium (IGM) allows deducing the law of motion in the classical and relativistic cases. Three types of IGM are considered: constant density, hyperbolic and inverse power law decrease of density. An analytical law for the evolution of the magnetic field along the radio-jets is deduced using a linear relation between the magnetic pressure and the rest density. Astrophysical applications are made to the centerline intensity of synchrotron emission in NGC315 and to the magnetic field of 3C273.
description: 17 pages and 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1508.00360
Here for the white reasons : examining identity, representation, and fan-producer relationships within the Bachelor franchise
Creators: name: Veltri, Kellie Nicole
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Television studies
Fan studies
Audience studies
Race in media
Reality television
Reality TV
The Bachelor
The Bachelorette
Whiteness on television
Fans and producers
Live tweeting
Reality TV fans

description: This thesis attempts to explain the complicated nature of fandom of The Bachelor over its two-decade history and explore how members of Bachelor Nation attempt to reconcile their fandom with the franchise’s shortcomings. Despite the franchise’s long run, little academic research has been conducted on its depictions of racially diverse contestants, as has been done for other reality television programs. In addition, the series’ longevity in a changing television landscape and continued popularity in the face of multiple well-publicized controversial events both on- and off-screen calls into question what it means to be a Bachelor fan. Using a combination of textual/image, paratextual, and quantitative analyses, I interrogate how The Bachelor reached a point of high fan engagement and awareness about its built-in issues, as well as how fans have used the technologies that has evolved with the show to try to influence it and its contestants. I employ two case studies in this effort: a quantitative investigation of the hometown visits episode of Season 18 of The Bachelorette, which demonstrates how marginalized fans discuss nuanced issues of representation on the show, and an analysis of paratexts produced and interacted with by each person and group involved in the 2021 The Bachelor winner Rachael Kirkconnell’s antebellum party scandal, which ultimately ended with the resignation of host Chris Harrison. The latter study investigates how groups in disparate positions of power, namely fans and producers, use the same online tools for different purposes, as well as how and when producers of the series interact with fans and respond to their concerns. Ultimately, I argue that while the franchise has made some progress in representing more diverse voices and experiences in recent years, at least in part because of fan activist efforts, there is still much work to be done, as it continues to center Whiteness throughout nearly every aspect of the shows.
The link between rare earth peak formation and the astrophysical site of the $r$ process
Creators: name: Mumpower, M. R.
name: McLaughlin, G. C.
name: Surman, R.
name: Steiner, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary astrophysical source of the rare earth elements is the rapid neutron capture process ($r$ process). The rare earth peak that is seen in the solar $r$-process residuals has been proposed to originate as a pile-up of nuclei during the end of the $r$ process. We introduce a new method utilizing Monte Carlo studies of nuclear masses in the rare earth region, that includes self-consistently adjusting $β$-decay rates and neutron capture rates, to find the mass surfaces necessary for the formation of the rare earth peak. We demonstrate our method with two types of astrophysical scenarios, one corresponding conditions typical of core-collapse supernova winds and one corresponding to conditions typical of the ejection of the material from the tidal tails of neutron star mergers. In each type of astrophysical conditions, this method successfully locates a region of enhanced stability in the mass surface that is responsible for the rare earth peak. For each scenario, we find that the change in the mass surface has qualitatively different features, thus future measurements can shed light on the type of environment in which the $r$ process occurred.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted
The Influence of Intermolecular Forces at Critical Point Wedge Filling
Creators: name: Malijevský, Alexandr
name: Parry, Andrew O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use microscopic density functional theory to study filling transitions in systems with long-ranged wall-fluid and short-ranged fluid-fluid forces occurring in a right-angle wedge. By changing the strength of the wall-fluid interaction we can induce both wetting and filling transitions over a wide range of temperatures and study the order of these transitions. At low temperatures we find that both wetting and filling transitions are first-order in keeping with predictions of simple local effective Hamiltonian models. However close to the bulk critical point the filling transition is observed to be continuous even though the wetting transition remains first-order and the wetting binding potential still exhibits a small activation barrier. The critical singularities for adsorption for the continuous filling transitions depend on whether retarded or non-retarded wall-fluid forces are present and are in excellent agreement with predictions of effective Hamiltonian theory even though the change in the order of the transition was not anticipated.
Self-Duality and Self-Similarity of Little String Orbifolds
Creators: name: Hohenegger, Stefan
name: Iqbal, Amer
name: Rey, Soo-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a class of ${\cal N}=(1,0)$ little string theories obtained from orbifolds of M-brane configurations. These are realised in two different ways that are dual to each other: either as $M$ parallel M5-branes probing a transverse $A_{N-1}$ singularity or $N$ M5-branes probing an $A_{M-1}$ singularity. These backgrounds can further be dualised into toric, non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds $X_{N,M}$ which have double elliptic fibrations and thus give a natural geometric description of T-duality of the little string theories. The little string partition functions are captured by the topological string partition function of $X_{N,M}$. We analyse in detail the free energies $Σ_{N,M}$ associated with the latter in a special region in the Kähler moduli space of $X_{N,M}$ and discover a remarkable property: in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili-limit, $Σ_{N,M}$ is identical to $NM$ times $Σ_{1,1}$. This entails that the BPS degeneracies for any $(N,M)$ can uniquely be reconstructed from the $(N,M)=(1,1)$ configuration, a property we refer to as self-similarity. Moreover, as $Σ_{1,1}$ is known to display a number of recursive structures, BPS degeneracies of little string configurations for arbitrary $(N,M)$ as well acquire additional symmetries. These symmetries suggest that in this special region the two little string theories described above are self-dual under T-duality.
description: 49 pages, 4 figures
Petroplacus tectum Pomazkina, Rodionova, Sherbakova & D. M. Williams 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Pomazkina, Galina
name: Rodionova, Yelena
name: Sherbakova, Tatyana
name: Williams, David. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Lyrellales
Lyrellaceae
Petroplacus
Petroplacus tectum

description: Petroplacus tectum Pomazkina, Rodionova, Sherbakova & D.M.Williams, sp. nov. (Figs 23–32)
LM: Valves linear broad with central constriction, protracted rostrate ends, 32–47 μm long, 18–21 μm wide. Axial area linear, widening towards valve centre, forming a transversely elongated rectangular central area. Raphe straight; external central raphe endings direct, expanding into T-shaped grooves. Transapical striae radiate, 12–16 at valve centre, 17–22 in 10 μm at apices; irregular shorter striae at valve edge between main striae; striae composed of small round poroids, 21–23 in 10 μm. SEM: Valve face flat, turning gradually toward shallow mantle. Externally, central raphe endings direct, expanding into T-shaped groove. Terminal fissures deflected bluntly to same side. Internally, central raphe endings straight, filiform; distal endings slightly bent from centre, terminating as simple helictoglossae. Areolae occluded internally by simple volae, which touching neighboring volae forming chains for stria.
 Type:— RUSSIA. Lake Baikal: Northern basin, Cape Elokhin, sand sample collected by diver in the littoral zone at st. 12, 29 June 1997 (holotype: slide 0043-BK housed at the Limnological Institute SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, here illustrated as Fig. 23. Isotypes: BK! slide 0043 (st. 12), Limnological Institute SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia; BM! slide 10053).
 Etymology:— Tectum (L.) means “hidden”.
 Distribution:— Only known from the type locality; very rare.
 Remarks:—Specimens of P. tectum differ from P. lizae in outline by the central constriction, the number of areolae in a stria (21–23 against 35–49 in 10 μm), in the form of the T-shaped groove and the larger valve size (32–47 in comparison with 25–35 μm).
description: Published as part of Pomazkina, Galina, Rodionova, Yelena, Sherbakova, Tatyana & Williams, David. M., 2016, Petroplacus gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new genus of diatom from Lake Baikal, pp. 267-276 in Phytotaxa 272 (4) on pages 270-271, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13647319
19.2% Efficiency H-Patterned Mono Silicon Metal Wrap Through Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wu, J.
name: Zhu, R.
name: Meng, X.
name: Jiang, L.
name: Wang, X.
name: Zhang, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1004-1007
description: Metal wrap through (MWT) solar cells have powerful structural merits compared to conventional
screen-printed solar cells, due to shading loss reduction by removing the bus electrodes to the rear side. However,
most available MWT solar cells rely on new interconnection method by conductive foil, which is not proved by long
term reliability test. In this paper, we present the research status of H-patterned mono-crystalline Si MWT solar cells
interconnected by traditional tabbing technology. With the application of new chemical rear emitter contact isolation,
we obtain a lower j02 (2.4 nA/cm2), compared to laser isolation 8.8 nA/cm2. In this way, pseudo fill factor pFF is
enhanced 0.8% (abs.) and wafer breakage due to laser damage is nearly eliminated. We also adapt a proven selective
emitter (SE) process to H-patterned MWT cells. As a result, a gain of open circuit voltage (Voc) +9 mV, short circuit
current density (Jsc) +0.33 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) +0.8%, and conversion efficiency (abs.) +0.5% is obtained with
the optimization of front emitter structure. Moreover, state of the art printing technology is applied to form the front
electrodes with aspect ratio up to 0.49. The benefits of Jsc and FF are +0.2mA/cm2 and 0.3% (abs.), respectively. The
average 19.0% and maximum 19.2% solar cell efficiency at 156 × 156 mm2 pseudo square Cz silicon is obtained by
the effect of MWT-SE structure and fine electrodes.
Novel effects in twist-three SSA
Creators: name: Anikin, I. V.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of gluon poles and the gauge invariance for the hadron tensors of Drell-Yan and direct photon production processes with the transversely polarized hadron. These hadron tensors are needed to construct the corresponding single spin asymmetries. For the Drell-Yan process, we perform our analysis within both the Feynman and axial-type (contour) gauges for gluons. In both the Feynman and contour gauges, we demonstrate that the gauge invariance leads to the need of the new (non-standard) diagrams. Moreover, in the Feynman gauge, we argue the absence of gluon poles in the correlators $\langle\barψγ_\perp A^+ψ\rangle$ related traditionally to $dT(x,x)/dx$. As a result, these terms disappear from the final QED gauge invariant Drell-Yan hadron tensor. For the direct photon production, by using the contour gauge for gluon fields, we find that there are new twist-$3$ terms present in the hadron tensor of the considering process in addition to the standard twist-$3$ terms.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Based on materials presented at XVI Workshop on High Energy Spin Physics, DSPIN-15 Dubna, Russia, September 8 - 12, 2015 and 6th International Conference on Physics Opportunities at Electron-Ion Collider, POETIC VI, Palaiseau, France, 7-11 September 2015
Connecting entropy scaling and density scaling
Creators: name: Bell, Ian H.
name: Fingerhut, Robin
name: Vrabec, Jadran
name: Costigliola, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: statistical mechanics
subject: viscosity
subject: isomorph theory
subject: molecular simulations
subject: Lennard-Jones fluid
subject: entropy
subject: transport properties

description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in: Bell, I. H., Fingerhut, R., Vrabec, J., & Costigliola, L. (2022). Connecting entropy scaling and density scaling. In The Journal of Chemical Physics (Vol. 157, Issue 7, p. 074501). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097088 and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097088.
description: It is shown that the residual entropy (entropy minus that of the ideal gas at the same temperature and density) is mostly synonymous with the independent variable of density scaling, identifying a direct link between these two approaches. The residual entropy and the effective hardness of interaction (itself a derivative at constant residual entropy) are studied for the Lennard-Jones monomer and dimer as well as a range of rigid molecular models for carbon dioxide. It is observed that the density scaling exponent appears to be related to the two-body interactions in the dilute-gas limit.
Interdisziplinäres Forschungsprojekt SAVE - Ertüchtigung von Neu- und Bestandsbauten durch präventive, reaktive und adaptive Maßnahmen zur Unterbrechung von Infektionsketten in kritischen Infrastrukturen
Creators: name: Kopic, Claudia
name: Remmers, Kirsten
name: Sunder, Wolfgang
name: , Martin
name: Jurk, Lukas Adrian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Infektionsprävention
subject: kritische Infrastruktur
subject: Kohortierung
subject: Database
subject: Raumlufttechnik
subject: Raumlufthygiene
subject: Forschung
subject: Entwicklung

description: Unter anderem Titel "Nach der Pandemie ist vor der Pandemie: Infektionsschutz in Neu- und Bestandsbauten" erschienen in der Zeitschrift "Moderne Gebäudetechnik" https://www.tga-praxis.de/20231332
description: Im Rahmen des interdisziplinären Forschungsprojektes SAVE wurden von Instituten der TU Braunschweig, der TU Berlin und der Charité präventive, reaktive und adaptive Maßnahmen zur Unterbrechung von Infektionsketten in Neu- und Bestandsbauten kritischer Infrastrukturen wie Schulen, Kindergärten, Arztpraxen sowie Alten- und Pflegeheimen untersucht. Dabei sind Lüftungsanlagen nur ein Aspekt. Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungslisten werden ab Ende 2024 auf einer frei zugänglichen Wissensplattform bereitgestellt.
Half-metallicity in Armchair Boron Nitride Nanoribbons: A First-Principles Study
Creators: name: Rai, Hari Mohan
name: Saxena, Shailendra K.
name: Mishra, Vikash
name: Late, Ravikiran
name: Kumar, Rajesh
name: Sagdeo, Pankaj R.
name: Jaiswal, Neeraj K.
name: Srivastava, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory, we predict half-metallicity in edge hydrogenated armchair boron nitride nanoribbons (ABNNRs). The predicted spin polarization is analyzed in detail by calculating electronic and magnetic properties of these hydrogenated ABNNRs by means of first-principles calculations within the local spin-density approximation (LSDA). ABNNRs with only edge B atoms passivated by H atoms are found to be half-metallic (regardless of their width) with a half-metal gap of 0.26 eV. Upto 100% spin polarized charge transport is predicted across the Fermi level owing to the giant spin splitting. Transmission spectrum analysis also confirms the separation of spin up and spindown electronic channels. It is revealed that H-passivation of only edge N atoms transforms non-magnetic bare ribbons into energetically stable magnetic semiconductors whereas hydrogenation of both the edges does not affect the electronic and magnetic state of bare ribbons significantly. The results are promising towards the realization of inorganic spintronic devices.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.01473
The Challenge to Move from "One Size Fits All" to PV Modules the Customer Needs
Creators: name: Kurtz, S.
name: Wohlgemuth, J.
name: Hacke, P.
name: Bosco, N.
name: Kempe, M.
name: Smith, R.
name: Packard, C.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3064-3068
description: Historically, PV companies requested a single qualification test for a single product. As the market has
grown, there have been increasing opportunities for companies to differentiate their products while still maintaining
high manufacturing volumes of each product. At the same time, as PV is deployed in an increasingly broad range of
conditions, modules need to be able to withstand a wide range of stresses. In some cases, targeting a specific
deployment condition may allow reduction of product cost. Realizing this opportunity will require the ability to
confidently predict long-term performance based on accelerated tests and known weather conditions. By working
together, the community can most quickly develop tests that identify which products perform well under which
conditions. This paper discusses some of the challenges of predicting long-term PV performance, including the wide
range of stresses that may be encountered, the variability of the stresses from moment to moment, the complexity of
some degradation mechanisms, and the dependence of accelerated testing on module geometry. The paper also
describes two international projects that deal with location-specific durability evaluation and long-term module
peformance.
High order flow harmonics of identified hadrons in 2.76 A TeV Pb+Pb collisions
Creators: name: Xu, Hao-jie
name: Li, Zhuopeng
name: Song, Huichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using iEBE-VISHNU hybrid model with the AMPT initial conditions, we study the higher order flow harmonics of identified hadrons in 2.76 A TeV Pb+Pb collisions. Comparison with the recent ALICE measurements at 20-30\% centrality shows that our calculations nicely describe the data below 2 GeV, especially for the $v_2$, $v_3$ and $v_4$ mass-orderings among pions, kaons and protons. We also extended the calculations to other centrality bins, which presents similar mass-ordering patterns for these flow harmonics as the ones observed at 20-30\% centrality. In the later part of this article, we explore the development of $v_n$ mass ordering/splitting during the hadronic evolution through the comparison runs from iEBE-VISHNU hybrid model and pure hydrodynamics with different decoupling temperatures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Influence of Rapid Thermal Annealing on Silicon Wafers with Swirls
Creators: name: Frantik, O.
name: Barinka, R.
name: Wostry, P.
name: Machacek, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2525-2527
description: We can use Rapid Thermal Annealing (RTA) for silicon wafers treatment to achieve better bulk
properties. Rapid change of temperature has specific influence on different wafers behavior in RTP technology
in the contrast to the standard heating technology. Rapid temperature change can be followed besides positive effects
by creation of stresses and defects in the silicon substrate. This paper is focused on annealing by RTP. Wafers were
p-type monocrystalline CZ silicon with different bulk minority carrier lifetime and with swirls. Minority carrier
lifetime was measured by MW-PCD (Microwave Photoconductance Decay) before and after thermal processing.
The influence of key RTP parameterson minority carrier lifetime was investigated. These parameters are maximum
temperature, rate of ramp up/down temperature and plateau time. The influence RTP parameters was investigated
with the aid of factor analyse. The maximum annealing temperature is the key parameter for high minority carrier
lifetime. The other experiment was designed for evaluation of obtained experiences. Seven thermal profiles
with different peak temperature were investigated within the experiment. We find out that minority carrier lifetime
decreases after annealing at 1020°C from initial value of 66 μs to the level of 9 μs. On the other hand annealing
at temperature of 310°C was the cause of minority carrier lifetime increase from initial value of 29 μs to the 285 μs.
Thermal profile with the lowest temperature was the best for increasing of minority carrier lifetime. These effects
depends also on high bulk minority carrier lifetime before annealing. Influence of heat treatment at different
temperatures and under different processing conditions on substrates behavior will be discussed.
Untitled Item
Creators: name: MIDaS Lab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470105
subject: Journalism studies
classificationCode: 470107
subject: Media studies
classificationCode: 441013
subject: Sociology of migration, ethnicity and multiculturalism

description: How clear is the distinction between legitimate news content and propaganda in the minds of audiences? This report discusses the findings of the Media Information Data and Society (MIDaS) Lab’s in-depth interviews with Asian immigrants during which we hear their perspectives of American news media
The hole Fermi surface in Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ probed by quantum oscillations
Creators: name: Piot, B. A.
name: Desrat, W.
name: Maude, D. K.
name: Orlita, M.
name: Potemski, M.
name: Martinez, G.
name: Hor, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport and torque magnetometry measurements are performed at high magnetic fields and low temperatures in a series of p-type (Ca-doped) Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ crystals. The angular dependence of the Shubnikov-de Haas and de Haas-van Alphen quantum oscillations enables us to determine the Fermi surface of the bulk valence band states as a function of the carrier density. At low density, the angular dependence exhibits a downturn in the oscillations frequency between $0^\circ$ and $90^\circ$, reflecting a bag-shaped hole Fermi surface. The detection of a single frequency for all tilt angles rules out the existence of a Fermi surface with different extremal cross-sections down to $24$~meV. There is therefore no signature of a camel-back in the valence band of our bulk samples, in accordance with the direct band gap predicted by $GW$ calculations.
description: A supplemental material file giving a more detailed description of our work is available upon request
Crystalline Silicon for PV Applications: Status, Challenges and Growth for Large Scale Electricity Production
Creators: name: Mertens, R.
name: Baert, K.
name: Horzel, J.
name: Mertens, P.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 803-807
description: Using the International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaics (ITRPV) as guidance the status and
expected evolution of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cell technology is discussed. The need for increasing conversion
efficiency necessitates cleaner processes and hence stronger cleanliness requirements. In general Fe is difficult to
avoid and p-type Si is very sensitive to Fe; in n-type Si Cu contamination is more critical than in p-type. Future
processes are also more sensitive to contamination since the alleviating factors such as gettering are less effective.
Several new processes will find their way in the manufacturing of future cell concepts. An important evolution will
be the gradual replacement of single step silver screen printing by multi-step processes using electroplated copper
metallization. Also new surface passivation processes, e.g. based on aluminum oxide will be introduced. New
junction formation technologies such as ion implantation can simplify process sequences but cost of ownership must
be reduced. Trends in novel cell types and architectures are reviewed. These include n-type cell structures and back
contacted cells such as MWT and IBC cells. The evolution towards thinner cells and the accompanying trend towards
integrated cell-module processing are discussed.
Determination of the Base Dopant Concentration of Large Area Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Hinken, D.
name: Milsted, A.
name: Bock, R.
name: Fischer, B.
name: Bothe, K.
name: Wagner, M.
name: Schütze, M.
name: Isenberg, J.
name: Schulze, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2528-2533
description: The capacitance-voltage (CV) measurement is a precise and fast method to determine base
dopant concentrations of crystalline silicon solar cells. We demonstrate the applicability of CV measurements
for textured large-area industrial solar cells for base dopant concentrations ranging between
6:01014 cm3 and 4:21016 cm3. For textured surfaces, an area enhancement factor f quantifying the
relation between the macroscopic cell area and the active junction area is necessary. We determine f for various
solar cell sets by comparing the base dopant of the CV analysis with four point probe measurements.
For alkaline textured monocrystalline silicon solar cells calculations are carried out which determine the
area enhancement factor f from the ratio of the average pyramid height and the thickness of the emitter.
The measured and the calculated values are in a good agreement.
FAMILY BACKGROUND AND EDUCATIONAL AMBITIONS OF SECOND GENERATION CHILDREN IN EUROPE
Creators: name: VERSINO, PAOLA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: The literature shows that family background only partially accounts for the association between minority status and educational outcomes. In particular, when compared to same-background native peers, the children of foreign-born parents and especially those from lower backgrounds often display higher educational ambitions, even in spite of low school performances. My first step is to analyse the occurrence of these phenomena using different datasets from national and international European surveys. A currently under-explored path of research identifies the main reason behind these paradoxes with the fact that the definition of socioeconomic background may be different for immigrants, so that the same mechanisms identified in the general population are still in place, but with a different point of reference. Following this path, I propose an operationalization of family background that is more appropriate to the peculiar experience of migration and includes the immigrants' subjective social status, a new component based on the relative value of their education. My second step of analysis is the actual test of the association of this new measure with the university ambitions of second generation students and their parents, in the same datasets where the phenomena of interest were investigated. Finally, I discuss the results.
Rapport annuel 2022-2023 du Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur la citoyenneté et les minorités
Creators: name: CIRCEM
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rapport annuel 2022-2023
CIRCEM

description: Le Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur la citoyenneté et les minorités présente son rapport d’activités 2022-2023. En 2022-2023, les activités du CIRCEM étaient structurées autour de six axes de recherche: 1) Démocratie, pensée politique et sociale; 2) Enjeux biopolitiques et groupes minorisés ; 3) Éthique du care et du souci; 4) Francophonie, espaces et mutations ; 5) Migration, pluralisme et citoyenneté; 6) Participation, parcours et citoyenneté. Le CIRCEM a organisé et diffusé en 2022-2023 huit conférences publiques, trois webinaires, deux conférences-evénements de la série de conférences Mauril-Bélanger, neuf balados, quatre ateliers dits “les classiques” autour d’un ouvrage, une journée d’étude autour d’un ouvrage, un atelier autour de trois textes, un colloque étudiant, trois cafés étudiants, deux évènements en partenariat et son cours de recherche dirigée en sciences sociales (FSS 4550), mené en partenariat avec sept organismes extérieurs.
Development of a New Test Standard and Experiences of Transportation and 'Rough Handling' Testing on PV Modules
Creators: name: Reil, F.
name: Strohkendl, K.
name: Althaus, J.
name: Thiele, M.
name: Raubach, S.
name: Winkler, G.
name: Heinzel, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3270-3274
description: The experience in long-term behaviors of PV-modules after initial transportation stresses is limited.
Current standards do not give guidance as how to simulate PV module transportation and these subsequent stresses. This
scientific work shall give an overview of the current research on the field of PV module transportation testing, such as
‘rough handling’ impact testing of single modules as well as shock and vibration testing of complete module stacks.
Several crystalline modules were exposed to individual shock impacts on the basis of IEC 60068-2-31 and subsequent
environmental tests to estimate the influences of handling failures. Results from the test series indicate clearly the initial
damage and influence on a long-term perspective living through several further mechanical and thermo-mechanical
stresses. Concluding, the impact and shock test issues shall give evidence to installers, distributors and manufacturers that
‘rough handling’ of modules can significantly influence the reliability and safety of the products. This work contributes
to an international standardization working group within IEC TC 82, working group (WG) 2, to develop a harmonized
standard for the transportation testing of PV modules.
Open Source Graphical User Interface in MATLAB for Two-Dimensional Simulations Solving the Fully Coupled Semiconductor Equations Using COMSOL
Creators: name: Eidelloth, S.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Steingrube, S.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2477-2485
description: Numerical modeling is useful to understand and improve the device performance of solar cells. The
freely available simulation software PC1D is commonly used to model one-dimensional semiconductor structures and
provides a convenient Graphical User Interface (GUI). Current research, however, relies on the improvement of two-
or three-dimensional cell structures. A free software package for two-dimensional cell simulations on an ordinary PC
with a convenient GUI is currently not available. The purpose of this work is to close this gap by providing such an
Open Source GUI. Our GUI can be used to specify solar cell model parameters, to evaluate the simulation data and to
save the results in common file formats. The appearance of the GUI can be adapted by modifying the configuration
Excel files that specify the user input panels. Our software solves the fully coupled semiconductor transport equations
using COMSOL Multiphysics.  The  underlying  physical  model  considers  diffused  layers  as  conductive  boundaries
which are characterized by their sheet resistance and by their diode saturation current density. This approach reduces
the numerical demands since the space charge regions are not spatially resolved and hence, the number of required
mesh points decreases.