cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heisenberg spin chains with additional isotropic three-site exchange interactions
Creators: name: Ivanov, N. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $J_1-J_3$ Heisenberg spin models with nearest-neighbor ($J_1$) and additional isotropic three-site ($J_3$) spin interactions remain relatively less explored, although such types of competing exchange terms can naturally emerge from different sources, including the strong-coupling expansion of the multiorbital Hubbard model. Below we present a short survey of the recently published research in this field, the emphasis being on the characteristics of the variety of quantum phases supported by a few generic uniform- and alternating-spin $J_1-J_3$ Heisenberg chains. For the reason that the positive ($J_3>0$) three-site couplings tend towards the formation of local quantum dimers, the $J_1-J_3$ spin models typically experience some spontaneous dimerization upon increasing $J_3$. Actually, it occurred that the established dimer phases in spin-$S$ $J_1-J_3$ Heisenberg chains ($S>{1}/{2}$) serve as complete analogues of the famous gapped Majumdar-Ghosh dimer phase in the spin-${1}/{2}$ Heisenberg chain with next-nearest-neighbor couplings. The same dimerizations have been observed in the alternating-spin ($S,σ$) $J_1-J_3$ chains ($S>σ$), provided that the cell spin $S+σ=\rm{integer}$, whereas for half-integer cell spin, the local dimer formation produces gapless spin-liquid ground states. The alternating-spin $J_1-J_3$ chains also provide some typical examples of spin models supporting the so-called non-Lieb-Mattis magnetic phases.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Implementation & Management of a Consortial Demand-Driven E-Books Pilot: The USMAI Experience
Creators: name: Lowe, Randall A.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: Patron-driven acquisitions
University System of Maryland
Electronic resources management (Libraries)

description: This is a preprint of an article in which the final and definitive form was published in Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship by Taylor & Francis (2015-08-17).
description: The article focuses on the demand-driven (DDA) electronic book pilot program by the University System of Maryland and Affiliated Institutions (USMAI) Library Consortium. Topics discussed include focus of the program to identify problems and advantages related to electronic resources, launch of Limited Access/Lending consortial model by Novanet consortium providing access to all members and, parameters of the program such as Short-Term Loans (STLs) providing access to e-books.
A Systematic Process for the Evaluation of Successful Application of TOD in Indian Cities
Creators: name: Deepshikha Jain, Bandana Jha
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Framework design
Indian Cities
Step by step approach
Transit-Oriented Development TOD
City planning
TOD planning
Smart Growth Development

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12H: 1-12
Nontrivial Alexander polynomials of knots and links
Creators: name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Vidussi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: In this paper we present a sequence of link invariants, defined from twisted Alexander polynomials, and discuss their effectiveness in distinguish knots. In particular, we recast and extend by geometric means a recent result of Silver and Williams on the nontriviality of twisted Alexander polynomials for nontrivial knots. Furthermore building on results in [FV06b] we prove that these invariants decide if a genus one knot is fibered, and we also show that these invariants distinguish all mutants with up to 12 crossings.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 5 of The effectiveness of secondary-school based interventions on the future physical activity of adolescents in Aotearoa New Zealand: a modelling study
Creators: name: Bergen, Tom
name: Richards, Justin
name: Kira, Geoff
name: Kim, Alice Hyun Min
name: Signal, Louise
name: Mizdrak, Anja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 5: Additional file 5 Total baseline population summary table across sociodemographic groups.
Electronic transport in iron atomic contacts: from the infinite wire to realistic geometries
Creators: name: Autes, Gabriel
name: Barreteau, Cyrille
name: Spanjaard, Daniel
name: Desjonquères, Marie-Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of spin polarized transport in Fe atomic contacts using a self-consistent tight-binding Hamiltonian in a non-orthogonal $s$, $p$ and $d$ basis set, the spin-polarization being obtained from a non-collinear Stoner-like model and the transmission probability from the Fisher-Lee formula. The behaviour of an infinite perfect Fe wire is compared with that of an infinite chain presenting geometric defects or magnetic walls and with that of a finite chain connected to infinite one-dimensional or three-dimensional leads. In the presence of defects or contacts the transmission probability of $d$ electrons is much more affected than that of $s$ electrons, in particular, contact effects may suppress some transmission channels. It is shown that the behaviour of an infinite wire is never obtained even in the limit of long chains connected to electrodes. The introduction of the spin-orbit coupling term in the Hamiltonian enables us to calculate the anisotropy of the magneto-resistance. Finally whereas the variation of the magneto-resistance as a function of the magnetization direction is step-like for an infinite wire, it becomes smooth in the presence of defects or contacts.
Additional file 4 of The effectiveness of secondary-school based interventions on the future physical activity of adolescents in Aotearoa New Zealand: a modelling study
Creators: name: Bergen, Tom
name: Richards, Justin
name: Kira, Geoff
name: Kim, Alice Hyun Min
name: Signal, Louise
name: Mizdrak, Anja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4: Additional file 4 Extra information for the coding methodology of the paper.
Exit from a basin of attraction for stochastic weakly damped nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Creators: name: Gautier, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60H15, 35Q55

description: We consider weakly damped nonlinear Schrödinger equations perturbed by a noise of small amplitude. The small noise is either complex and of additive type or real and of multiplicative type. It is white in time and colored in space. Zero is an asymptotically stable equilibrium point of the deterministic equations. We study the exit from a neighborhood of zero, invariant by the flow of the deterministic equation, in $\xLtwo$ or in $\xHone$. Due to noise, large fluctuations off zero occur. Thus, on a sufficiently large time scale, exit from these domains of attraction occur. A formal characterization of the small noise asymptotic of both the first exit times and the exit points is given.
Cultivating sustainable information systems projects in public sector institutions in least developed countries
Creators: name: Da Silva, Abel
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: The aim of this thesis is to develop a theoretical understanding of how the information systems (IS) project implementation process affects system sustainability in the context of least developed countries (LDCs). Information and communication technology for development (ICT4D) initiatives suffer high failure rates, which includes sustainability failure where systems are abandoned after initial successful implementation (Heeks, 2002; Walsham & Sahay, 2006; Avgerou, 2008). The contributions of this study were developed based on three case studies of major IS project implementation in Timor-Leste. From the three case studies, 41 semi-structured formal interviews were conducted, 54 observations of meetings and trainings were also conducted, and 217 documents of secondary data were collected to facilitate data triangulation. From the interviews and observations, 432 pages of transcription were produced. Using grounded theory methodology (GTM), this study develops a cultivating sustainability process theory; this process theory contributes to the ICT4D theory and practice by formulating an integrated process model that may help the effort to achieve IS sustainability during the project implementation process. This complements existing studies on achieving sustainability, which have been conducted mainly with a focus on achieving individual aspects of sustainability namely political/institutional, financial/economic, technological, cultural/social and environmental (Kumar & Best, 2006). The process model shows that the sustainability of IS projects in less developed countries can be cultivated using three main phases: achieving strong sponsorship from the top management of the host institution, successfully delivering the technology based on the host institution's existing conditions, and the focus on system outcomes, which includes technical and political outcomes. The process theory was developed based on data collected from three major IS project implementations in Timor-Leste. Further research is needed to investigate more IS projects with distinct characteristics compared to the three IS projects used in this study; the results of future studies will be used to confirm, revise or enrich the process model developed in this study.
$\mathcal{N}=2$ higher-spin supercurrents
Creators: name: Zaigraev, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed conserved $\mathcal{N}=2$ higher-spin supercurrents for an arbitrary integer spin through the unconstrained superfield formulation of $4D,\, \mathcal{N}=2$ massless higher-spin theories in the harmonic superspace. The obtained supercurrents are gauge-invariant and determine consistent cubic interactions in the \textit{gauge superfield} $\times$ \textit{supercurrent} form for massless spin $\mathbf{s_1}$ and two massless spin $\mathbf{s_2}$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ supermultiplets. Such interactions and $\mathcal{N}=2$ supercurrents exist only for $\mathbf{s_1}\geq 2 \mathbf{s_2}$. These supercurrents are the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric extension of Berends-Burgers-van Dam higher-spin currents and generalize the linearized Bel-Robinson tensor. The relevant $\mathcal{N}=2$ supercurrents can be considered as the descendants of the $\mathcal{N}=2$ principle supercurrent, which has a simple universal structure. An important feature of our outcomes is that, ultimately, all $\mathcal{N}=2$ supercurrents are built from the $\mathcal{N}=2$ superfield strengths, which are constructed from the unconstrained analytical higher-spin prepotentials.
description: 0 + 10 pages, typos corrected; published version
Particle-In-Cell Simulations of Sunward and Anti-sunward Whistler Waves in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Kuzichev, Ilya V.
name: Vasko, Ivan Y.
name: Artemyev, Anton V.
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Mozer, Forrest S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacecraft observations showed that electron heat conduction in the solar wind is probably regulated by whistler waves, whose origin and efficiency in electron heat flux suppression is actively investigated. In this paper, we present Particle-In-Cell simulations of a combined whistler heat flux and temperature anisotropy instability that can operate in the solar wind. The simulations are performed in a uniform plasma and initialized with core and halo electron populations typical of the solar wind. We demonstrate that the instability produces whistler waves propagating both along (anti-sunward) and opposite (sunward) to the electron heat flux. The saturated amplitudes of both sunward and anti-sunward whistler waves are strongly correlated with their {\it initial} linear growth rates, $B_{w}/B_0\sim (γ/ω_{ce})^ν$, where for typical electron betas we have $0.6\lesssim ν\lesssim 0.9$. The correlations of whistler wave amplitudes and spectral widths with plasma parameters (electron beta and temperature anisotropy) revealed in the simulations are consistent with those observed in the solar wind. The efficiency of electron heat flux suppression is positively correlated with the saturated amplitude of sunward whistler waves. The electron heat flux can be suppressed by 10--60% provided that the saturated amplitude of sunward whistler waves exceeds about 1% of background magnetic field. Other experimental applications of the presented results are discussed.
Markov Decision Processes with Recursive Risk Measures
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Nicole
name: Glauner, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90C40 (Primary) 91G70 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we consider risk-sensitive Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with Borel state and action spaces and unbounded cost under both finite and infinite planning horizons. Our optimality criterion is based on the recursive application of static risk measures. This is motivated by recursive utilities in the economic literature, has been studied before for the entropic risk measure and is extended here to an axiomatic characterization of suitable risk measures. We derive a Bellman equation and prove the existence of Markovian optimal policies. For an infinite planning horizon, the model is shown to be contractive and the optimal policy to be stationary. Moreover, we establish a connection to distributionally robust MDPs, which provides a global interpretation of the recursively defined objective function. Monotone models are studied in particular.
Effects of the Physical Environment of Pediatric Healthcare Settings on Health Outcomes of Patient & Family and Staff
Creators: name: Abdul Halim Babbu, Mazharul Haque
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Child-centred care
Hospital design
Health outcomes
Childcare environment
Patient safety
Pediatric patient
Healthcare environment
Access to garden
Hospital layout
Hospital rooms
Hospital orientation
Hospital light
Hospital ventilation
PICO
Paediatric healthcare
PRISMA.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12I: 1-12
Quantum transport of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Creators: name: Nomura, Kentaro
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent graphene transport experiments, we have undertaken a numerical study of the conductivity of disordered two-dimensional massless Dirac fermions. Our results reveal distinct differences between the cases of short-range and Coulomb randomly distributed scatterers. We speculate that this behavior is related to the Boltzmann transport theory prediction of dirty-limit behavior for Coulomb scatterers.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Writing gender and nation : El Album de la Mujer, 1883-1884
Creators: name: Glowacki, Lisa Carolyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis studies the intersection of print, nationalism, and gender in Porfirian Mexico. The primary source, El Album de la Mujer, was one of very few periodicals directed and written mainly by women during the 1880s in Mexico City. Political, legal, and cultural structures and assumptions during the Porfirian era significantly restricted access by women to the public world of print, politics, and national identity. But, El Album de la Mujer, entered into this sphere both in its form, as a public, written record, and in its content, devoted to venerating women and creating a space for them in the national community. The writers of El Album created and intertwined the history and destiny of women and nations. They expanded positivist and liberal ideas to portray women as worthy of national belonging, and as necessary to the progress of Mexico. In doing so, they challenged the gendered concepts of Mexican society and politics during the Porfiriato. Yet, they reimagined this public sphere, and created a national identity for women, as privileged members, in racial and class terms, of that society. Hence, along with studying the rethinking of gender and nation in the periodical, this thesis also considers how in its form and content, the periodical maintained and established social boundaries.
Accurate energy spectrum for double-well potential: periodic basis
Creators: name: Pedram, P.
name: Mirzaei, M.
name: Gousheh, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a variational study of employing the trigonometric basis functions satisfying periodic boundary condition for the accurate calculation of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of quartic double-well oscillators. Contrary to usual Dirichlet boundary condition, imposing periodic boundary condition on the basis functions results in the existence of an inflection point with vanishing curvature in the graph of the energy versus the domain of the variable. We show that this boundary condition results in a higher accuracy in comparison to Dirichlet boundary condition. This is due to the fact that the periodic basis functions are not necessarily forced to vanish at the boundaries and can properly fit themselves to the exact solutions.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Molecular Physics
Letter from M.J. Henry to [Frank] Hewer, October 19, 1907
Creators: name: Henry, M.J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Frank Hewer from M.J. Henry (Nurseryman and Seedsman), dated October 19, 1907, regarding the effectiveness of fall tree planting vs. spring and high survival rates of trees.
Variational Mode Decomposition for estimating critical reflected internal wave in stratified fluid
Creators: name: Horne, Ernesto
name: Schmitt, Jeremy
name: Pustelnik, Nelly
name: Joubaud, Sylvain
name: Odier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shear resulting from internal wave reflections can play a crucial role in the transport and resuspension of sediments in oceanic conditions. In particular, when these waves undergo a \textit{critical reflection} phenomenon, the reflected wave can produce a very large shear. Separating the reflected wave from the incident wave is a technical challenge since the two waves share the same temporal frequency. In our study, we present a series of experimental measurements of internal waves in \textit{critical reflection} configuration and we analyze them using the 2D-VMD-prox decomposition method. This decomposition method was adapted to specifically decompose waves in an internal wave critical reflection, showing an improvement in its performance with respect to preexisting internal wave decomposition methods. Being able to confidently isolate the reflected wave allowed us to compare our results to a viscous and non-linear model for critical reflection, that correctly describes the dependence of the shear rate produced in the boundary as a function of the experimental parameters.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures
Additional file 2 of The impact of resilience on academic performance with a focus on mature learners
Creators: name: Steel, Alexandra
name: Karunaratne, Nilushi
name: Exintaris, Betty
name: James, Simon
name: Al-Juhaishi, Abdullah
name: Don, Angelo
name: Dai, David Wei
name: Lim, Angelina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Pareto and Ishikawa Diagrams for Identifying the Causes of Defects in Poultry Meat
Creators: name: Elena Statsenko, Ruslan Omarov
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Statistical methods
product life cycles
cumulative curve
Pareto diagram
Quality tool
Cause-effect diagram
Poultry meat quality
Transporting poultry.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12J: 1-9
Newton's second law versus modified-inertia MOND: a test using the high-latitude effect
Creators: name: Ignatiev, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modified-inertia MOND is an approach that proposes a change in Newton's second law at small accelerations as an alternative to dark matter. Recently it was suggested that this approach can be tested in terrestrial laboratory experiments. One way of doing the test is based on the Static High-Latitude Equinox Modified Inertia (SHLEM) effect: around each equinox date, 2 spots emerge on the Earth where static bodies experience spontaneous displacement due to the violation of Newton's second law required by the modified-inertia MOND. Here, a detailed theory of this effect is developed and estimates of the magnitude of the signal due to the effect are obtained. The expected displacement of a mirror in a gravitational wave interferometer is found to be about 10^{-14} m. Some experimental aspects of the proposal are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Exact mapping from the $(3+1)$-dimensional Skyrme model to the $(1+1)$-dimensional sine-Gordon theory and some applications
Creators: name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Lagos, Marcela
name: Pais, Pablo
name: Vera, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable exact mapping, valid for low-enough energy scales and close to a sharp boundary distribution of hadronic matter, from the $(3+1)$-dimensional Skyrme model to the sine-Gordon theory in $(1+1)$ dimensions in the attractive regime is explicitly constructed. Besides the intrinsic theoretical interest to be able to describe the prototype of nonintegrable theories (namely, quantum chromodynamics in the infrared regime) in terms of the prototype of integrable relativistic field theories (namely, sine-Gordon theory in $(1+1)$ dimensions), we will show that this mapping can be extremely useful to analyze both equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium features of baryonic distributions in a cavity.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures incorporated. The title and abstract changed according to the referee's suggestions. The version matches the published version in the journal Physical Review D
Biochemical Blood Profile of the Kazakh White-Headed Breed Depending on Age
Creators: name: M.A. Derkho, A.Zh. Baltabekova
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Repair bulls
Servicing bulls
Biochemical composition
Reference boundaries
Protein metabolism
bull calves.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12K: 1-11
Effective forces between colloids at interfaces induced by capillary wave-like fluctuations
Creators: name: Lehle, H.
name: Oettel, M.
name: Dietrich, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effective force mediated by thermally excited capillary waves between spherical or disklike colloids trapped at a fluid interface. This Casimir type interaction is shown to depend sensitively on the boundary conditions imposed at the three-phase contact line. For large distances between the colloids an unexpected cancellation of attractive and repulsive contributions is observed leading to a fluctuation force which decays algebraically very rapidly. For small separations the resulting force is rather strong and it may play an important role in two-dimensional colloid aggregation if direct van der Waals forces are weak.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, minor revisions, one additional figure
Control the qubit-qubit coupling in the superconducting circuit with double-resonator couplers
Creators: name: Wang, Hui
name: Zhao, Yan-Jun
name: Sun, Hui-Chen
name: Xu, Xun-Wei
name: Li, Yong
name: Zheng, Yarui
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Li, Rengang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme of using two fixed frequency resonator couplers to tune the coupling strength between two Xmon qubits. The induced indirect qubit-qubit interactions by two resonators could offset with each other, and the direct coupling between two qubits are not necessarily for switching off. The small direct qubit-quibt coupling could effectively suppress the frequency interval between switching off and switching on, and globally suppress the second and third-order static ZZ couplings. The frequencies differences between resonator couplers and qubits readout resonators are very large, this might be helpful for suppressing the qubits readout errors. The cross-kerr resonant processes between a qubit and two resonators might induce pole and affect the crosstalks between qubits. The double resonator couplers could unfreeze the restrictions on capacitances and coupling strengths in the superconducting circuit, and it can also reduce the flux noises and globally suppress the crosstalks.
description: 19 page, 8 figures Accepted by Physical Review A
Obstacles to the Effective Development of Russian Youth Entrepreneurship in Modern Conditions
Creators: name: Olga Boris, Rustam Ustaev
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Youth entrepreneurship
Questionnaire survey
Negative factors
Coronavirus pandemic
Development paths
Youth activation
Hidden unemployment
Youth opinion.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12L: 1-9
Collective motion in large deviations of active particles
Creators: name: Keta, Yann-Edwin
name: Fodor, Étienne
name: van Wijland, Frédéric
name: Cates, Michael E.
name: Jack, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse collective motion that occurs during rare (large deviation) events in systems of active particles, both numerically and analytically. We discuss the associated dynamical phase transition to collective motion, which occurs when the active work is biased towards larger values, and is associated with alignment of particles' orientations. A finite biasing field is needed to induce spontaneous symmetry breaking, even in large systems. Particle alignment is computed exactly for a system of two particles. For many-particle systems, we analyse the symmetry breaking by an optimal-control representation of the biased dynamics, and we propose a fluctuating hydrodynamic theory that captures the emergence of polar order in the biased state.
description: 28 pages
Extrapolating parton fragmentation to low $Q^2$ in $e^+$-$e^-$ collisions
Creators: name: Trainor, Thomas A.
name: Kettler, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the energy scale dependence of fragmentation functions from $e^+$-$e^-$ collisions using conventional momentum measures $x_p$ and $ξ_p$ and rapidity $y$. We find that replotting fragmentation functions on a normalized rapidity variable results in a compact form precisely represented by the beta distribution, its two parameters varying slowly and simply with parton energy scale $Q$. The resulting parameterization enables extrapolation of fragmentation functions to low $Q$ in order to describe fragment distributions at low transverse momentum $p_t$ in heavy ion collisions at RHIC.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures
MP-Boost: Minipatch Boosting via Adaptive Feature and Observation Sampling
Creators: name: Toghani, Mohammad Taha
name: Allen, Genevera I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Boosting methods are among the best general-purpose and off-the-shelf machine learning approaches, gaining widespread popularity. In this paper, we seek to develop a boosting method that yields comparable accuracy to popular AdaBoost and gradient boosting methods, yet is faster computationally and whose solution is more interpretable. We achieve this by developing MP-Boost, an algorithm loosely based on AdaBoost that learns by adaptively selecting small subsets of instances and features, or what we term minipatches (MP), at each iteration. By sequentially learning on tiny subsets of the data, our approach is computationally faster than other classic boosting algorithms. Also as it progresses, MP-Boost adaptively learns a probability distribution on the features and instances that upweight the most important features and challenging instances, hence adaptively selecting the most relevant minipatches for learning. These learned probability distributions also aid in interpretation of our method. We empirically demonstrate the interpretability, comparative accuracy, and computational time of our approach on a variety of binary classification tasks.
Domain Shift in Computer Vision models for MRI data analysis: An Overview
Creators: name: Kondrateva, Ekaterina
name: Pominova, Marina
name: Popova, Elena
name: Sharaev, Maxim
name: Bernstein, Alexander
name: Burnaev, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning and computer vision methods are showing good performance in medical imagery analysis. Yetonly a few applications are now in clinical use and one of the reasons for that is poor transferability of themodels to data from different sources or acquisition domains. Development of new methods and algorithms forthe transfer of training and adaptation of the domain in multi-modal medical imaging data is crucial for thedevelopment of accurate models and their use in clinics. In present work, we overview methods used to tackle thedomain shift problem in machine learning and computer vision. The algorithms discussed in this survey includeadvanced data processing, model architecture enhancing and featured training, as well as predicting in domaininvariant latent space. The application of the autoencoding neural networks and their domain-invariant variationsare heavily discussed in a survey. We observe the latest methods applied to the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) data analysis and conclude on their performance as well as propose directions for further research.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Performance Comparison of Unsupervised Segmentation Algorithms on Rice Groundnut and Apple Plant Leaf Images
Creators: name: Bellapu Rajendra Prasad, Tirumala Ramashri
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Unsupervised segmentation
Graph Cut
Multi-Level Otsu
Plant Leaf Disease Detection
Semantic Segmentation
KOTSU
CHKMC
GCMO
Automatic plant disease detection
Rice image data
2D Tsallis Entropy (2DTE)
K-means Clustering (KMC)
Variation of Information (VoI).

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12M: 1-18
Divergence of geodesics in Teichmuller space and the mapping class group
Creators: name: Duchin, Moon
name: Rafi, Kasra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F60, 20F65

description: We show that both Teichmuller space (with the Teichmuller metric) and the mapping class group (with a word metric) have geodesic divergence that is intermediate between the linear rate of flat spaces and the exponential rate of hyperbolic spaces. For every two geodesic rays in Teichmuller space, we find that their divergence is at most quadratic. Furthermore, this estimate is shown to be sharp via examples of pairs of rays with exactly quadratic divergence. The same statements are true for geodesic rays in the mapping class group. We explicitly describe efficient paths "near infinity" in both spaces.
description: 21 pages
Autophagy preserves hematopoietic stem cells by restraining MTORC1-mediated cellular anabolism
Creators: name: Borsa, Mariana
name: Obba, Sandrine
name: Richter, Felix C.
name: Zhang, Hanlin
name: Riffelmacher, Thomas
name: Carrelha, Joana
name: Alsaleh, Ghada
name: Jacobsen, Sten Eirik W.
name: Simon, Anna Katharina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Adult stem cells are long-lived and quiescent with unique metabolic requirements. Macroautophagy/autophagy is a fundamental survival mechanism that allows cells to adapt to metabolic changes by degrading and recycling intracellular components. Here we address why autophagy depletion leads to a drastic loss of the stem cell compartment. Using inducible deletion of autophagy specifically in adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and in mice chimeric for autophagy-deficient and normal HSCs, we demonstrate that the stem cell loss is cell-intrinsic. Mechanistically, autophagy-deficient HSCs showed higher expression of several amino acid transporters (AAT) when compared to autophagy-competent cells, resulting in increased amino acid (AA) uptake. This was followed by sustained MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) activation, with enlarged cell size, glucose uptake and translation, which is detrimental to the quiescent HSCs. MTOR inhibition by rapamycin treatment in vivo was able to rescue autophagy-deficient HSC loss and bone marrow failure and resulted in better reconstitution after transplantation. Our results suggest that targeting MTOR may improve aged stem cell function, promote reprogramming and stem cell transplantation. List of abbreviations: 5FU: fluoracil; AA: amino acids; AKT/PKB: thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; BafA: bafilomycin A1; BM: bone marrow; EIF2: eukaryotic initiation factor 2; EIF4EBP1/4EBP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1; KIT/CD117/c-Kit: KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase; HSCs: hematopoietic stem cells; HSPCs: hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells; Kyn: kynurenine; LSK: lineage− (Lin−), LY6A/Sca-1+, KIT/c-Kit/CD117+; LY6A/Sca-1: lymphocyte antigen 6 family member A; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: MTOR complex 1; MTORC2: MTOR complex 2; OPP: O-propargyl-puromycin; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; poly(I:C): polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid; RPS6/S6: ribosomal protein S6; tam: tamoxifen; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; TFEB: transcription factor EB; PTPRC/CD45: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C, CD45 antigen.
Tiny-box: A tool for the versatile development and characterization of low noise fast X-ray imaging detectors
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Tanmoy
name: Herrmann, Sven
name: Allen, Steven
name: Hirschman, Jack
name: Morris, Glenn
name: Bautz, Marshall
name: Malonis, Andrew
name: Foster, Richard
name: Prigozhin, Gregory
name: Craig, Dave
name: Burke, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) have been the workhorse for soft X-ray astronomical instruments for the past quarter century. They provide broad energy response, extremely low electronic read noise, and good energy resolution in soft X-rays. These properties, along with the large arrays and small pixel sizes available with modern-day CCDs, make them a potential candidate for next generation astronomical X-ray missions equipped with large collecting areas, high angular resolutions and wide fields of view, enabling observation of the faint, diffuse and high redshift X-ray universe. However, such high collecting area (about 30 times Chandra) requires these detectors to have an order of magnitude faster readout than current CCDs to avoid saturation and pile up effects. In this context, Stanford University and MIT have initiated the development of fast readout X-ray cameras. As a tool for this development, we have designed a fast readout, low noise electronics board (intended to work at a 5 Megapixel per second data rate) coupled with an STA Archon controller to readout a 512 x 512 CCD (from MIT Lincoln Laboratory). This versatile setup allows us to study a number of parameters and operation conditions including the option for digital shaping. In this paper, we describe the characterization test stand, the concept and development of the readout electronics, and simulation results. We also report the first measurements of read noise, energy resolution and other parameters from this set up. While this is very much a prototype, we plan to use larger, multi-node CCD devices in the future with dedicated ASIC readout systems to enable faster, parallel readout of the CCDs.
description: To appear in SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2020, Paper No. 11454-80
Predicting Angular-Momentum Waves Based on Yang-Mills Equations
Creators: name: Fan, Xing-Yan
name: Xie, Xiang-Ru
name: Chen, Jing-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of the most elegant theories in physics, Yang-Mills (YM) theory not only incorporates Maxwell's equations unifying electromagnetism, but also underpins the standard model explaining the electroweak and strong interactions in a succinct way. Whereas the highly nonlinear terms in YM equations involving the interactions between potentials and fields retard the resolution for them. In the $U(1)$ case, the solutions of Maxwell's equations are the electromagnetic waves, which have been applied extensively in the modern communication networks all over the world. Likewise the operator solutions of the YM equations under the assumptions of weak-coupling and zero-coupling predict the $SU(2)$ angular-momentum waves, which is the staple of this work. Such angular-momentum waves are hopefully realized in the experiments through the oscillations of spin angular momentum, such as the ``spin Zitterbewegung'' of Dirac's electron.
description: 6+58 pages, 1 figure
Evaluation of Information Technology Laboratories: Evidence from Pakistan
Creators: name: Uzma Sarwar, Kiran Fazal
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: High school student
Secondary school
ICT
Student performance
Information laboratories
Computer teacher
IT lab facility
IT in education
IT in teaching
Computer acceptability.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 12, 12A12N: 1-9
Narratorial apostrophes of character in Homer's Iliad
Creators: name: Sweet Formiatti, Fiona
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Homer Criticism and interpretation
subject: Homer. Iliad
subject: Homer Technique
subject: Epic poetry, Greek History and criticism
subject: Narration (Rhetoric) History To 1500
subject: Apostrophe (Rhetoric)

description: From Aristotle onwards, the Homeric narrator has been praised for the restrained way in which he provides commentary to his audience. But there are occasions when the poet-narrator intrudes overtly as when he makes a direct address to - or apostrophe of - one of the characters in the epic. Scholars have advanced various hypotheses to explain the function and effect of narratorial apostrophe in Homer. This study aims to determine whether one evaluation is valid for all narratorial apostrophes of character in the Iliad. I test the current evaluations of these apostrophes in three case studies. According to the character-based evaluation, the Homeric narrator uses apostrophe to model sympathy and pity for a character to elicit a similar emotional response in the audience. According to the structure-based evaluation, apostrophes mark critical turning points in the story. Most scholarship has focussed on the recipients of multiple apostrophes, Menelaos and Patroklos, but I pay equal attention to a third group of apparently miscellaneous apostrophes. My approach relies on a close reading of each apostrophe in its event-sequence, and I draw on elements of structural narratology and Labov and Waletzky's model of the components of narrative. I also examine the synergy between apostrophes and other forms of narratorial intrusion. Although the contribution of the character-based approach to our understanding of Homeric apostrophe in the Iliad is well-recognized, I propose that it is limited in scope. I demonstrate the new insights that are offered by a structure-based interpretation in which the apostrophes of character are examined against Labov and Waletzky's model. What emerges are the different yet complementary insights afforded by a close reading of the apostrophic event-sequences, and an appreciation of the rewarding synergy that can be observed in the poet-narrator's character-based and structure-based strategies.
Pristimerin suppresses AIM2 inflammasome by modulating AIM2-PYCARD/ASC stability via selective autophagy to alleviate tendinopathy
Creators: name: Jiang, Huaji
name: Xie, Yingchao
name: Lu, Jiansen
name: Li, Hongyu
name: Zeng, Ke
name: Hu, Zhiqiang
name: Wu, Dan
name: Yang, Jianwu
name: Yao, Zhenxia
name: Chen, Huadan
name: Gong, Xiaoqian
name: Yu, Xiao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy plays an important role in regulating cellular homeostasis and influences the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases. Tendinopathy is characterized by tendon degeneration and inflammation. However, little is known about the role of selective autophagy in tendinopathy. Here, we find that pristimerin (PM), a quinone methide triterpenoid, is more effective in treating tendinopathy than the first-line drug indomethacin. PM inhibits the AIM2 inflammasome and alleviates inflammation during tendinopathy by promoting the autophagic degradation of AIM2 through a PYCARD/ASC-dependent manner. A mechanistic study shows that PM enhances the K63-linked ubiquitin chains of PYCARD/ASC at K158/161, which serves as a recognition signal for SQSTM1/p62-mediated autophagic degradation of the AIM2-PYCARD/ASC complex. We further identify that PM binds the Cys53 site of deubiquitinase USP50 through the Michael-acceptor and blocks the binding of USP50 to PYCARD/ASC, thereby reducing USP50-mediated cleavage of K63-linked ubiquitin chains of PYCARD/ASC. Finally, PM treatment in vivo generates an effect comparable to inflammasome deficiency in alleviating tendinopathy. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that PM alleviates the progression of tendinopathy by modulating AIM2-PYCARD/ASC stability via SQSTM1/p62-mediated selective autophagic degradation, thus providing a promising autophagy-based therapeutic for tendinopathy. Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AIM2: absent in melanoma 2; AT: Achilles tenotomy; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; CHX: cycloheximide; Col3a1: collagen, type III, alpha 1; CQ: chloroquine; Cys: cysteine; DARTS: drug affinity responsive target stability; DTT: dithiothreitol; DUB: deubiquitinase; gDNA: genomic DNA; GSH: glutathione; His: histidine; IL1B/IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; IND: indomethacin; IP: immunoprecipitation; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; NLRP3: NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3; PM: pristimerin; PYCARD/ASC: PYD and CARD domain containing; SN: supernatants; SOX9: SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; Tgfb: transforming growth factor, beta; TIMP3: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3; TNMD: tenomodulin; TRAF6: TNF receptor-associated factor 6; Ub: ubiquitin; USP50: ubiquitin specific peptidase 50; WCL: whole cell lysates.