cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Operator Relations for SU(3) Breaking Contributions to K and K* Distribution Amplitudes
Creators: name: Ball, Patricia
name: Zwicky, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive constraints on the asymmetry a1 of the momentum fractions carried by quark and antiquark in K and K* mesons in leading twist. These constraints follow from exact operator identities and relate a1 to SU(3) breaking quark-antiquark-gluon matrix elements which we determine from QCD sum rules. Comparing our results to determinations of a1 from QCD sum rules based on correlation functions of quark currents, we find that, for a1^\parallel(K*) the central values agree well and come with moderate errors, whereas for a1(K) and a1^\perp(K*) the results from operator relations are consistent with those from quark current sum rules, but come with larger uncertainties. The consistency of results confirms that the QCD sum rule method is indeed suitable for the calculation of a1. We conclude that the presently most accurate predictions for a1 come from the direct determination from QCD sum rules based on correlation functions of quark currents and are given by: a1(K) = 0.06\pm 0.03, a1^\parallel(K*) = 0.03\pm 0.02, a1^\perp(K*) = 0.04\pm 0.03.
description: 21 pages
ESTIMATES OF PUBLIC SECTOR TRANSACTION COSTS IN NRCS PROGRAMS
Creators: name: McCann, Laura M.J.
name: Easter, K. William
name: McCann, Laura M.J.
name: Easter, K. William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: NRCS
subject: transaction costs
subject: conservation practices
subject: abatement costs
subject: environmental policy

description: When evaluating the economic efficiency of policies to reduce nonpoint source pollution, administrative or transaction costs are usually not taken into account. While the importance of transaction costs has been recognized in the theoretical literature, the fact that they are not incorporated in empirical analyses means that, in effect, these costs are given a zero value. This issue is examined quantitatively using data collected by the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS). Transaction costs are found to be a significant portion (38 percent) of overall conservation costs. This provides strong support for including these costs in economic evaluations of alternative policy instruments.
On the formation and stability of fermionic dark matter halos in a cosmological framework
Creators: name: Argüelles, Carlos R.
name: Díaz, Manuel I.
name: Krut, Andreas
name: Yunis, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and stability of collisionless self-gravitating systems are long standing problems, which date back to the work of D. Lynden-Bell on violent relaxation and extends to the issue of virialization of dark matter (DM) halos. An important prediction of such a relaxation process is that spherical equilibrium states can be described by a Fermi-Dirac phase-space distribution, when the extremization of a coarse-grained entropy is reached. In the case of DM fermions, the most general solution develops a degenerate compact core surrounded by a diluted halo. As shown recently, the latter is able to explain the galaxy rotation curves while the DM core can mimic the central black hole. A yet open problem is whether this kind of astrophysical core-halo configurations can form at all, and if they remain stable within cosmological timescales. We assess these issues by performing a thermodynamic stability analysis in the microcanonical ensemble for solutions with given particle number at halo virialization in a cosmological framework. For the first time we demonstrate that the above core-halo DM profiles are stable (i.e. maxima of entropy) and extremely long lived. We find the existence of a critical point at the onset of instability of the core-halo solutions, where the fermion-core collapses towards a supermassive black hole. For particle masses in the keV range, the core-collapse can only occur for $M_{\rm vir} \gtrsim 10^9 M_\odot$ starting at $z_{\rm vir}\approx 10$ in the given cosmological framework. Our results prove that DM halos with a core-halo morphology are a very plausible outcome within nonlinear stages of structure formation.
description: 16+4 pages, 20 figures. This version matches the MNRAS published version
A polygenic risk score to predict future adult short stature amongst children
Creators: name: Lu, Tianyuan
name: Forgetta, Vincenzo
name: Wu, Haoyu
name: Perry, John R.B.
name: Ong, Ken K.
name: Greenwood, Celia
name: Timpson, Nicholas
name: Manousaki, Despoina
name: Richards, Brent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60412 Quantitative Genetics (incl. Disease and Trait Mapping Genetics)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Supplementary Notes, Tables and Figures for journal article. Full article published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab215. The polygenic risk score is available on the PGS Catalog https://www.pgscatalog.org/score/PGS000758/.
Important note (Aug 2021): SNPs included in this polygenic risk score may be imputed. For imputed SNPs, probability-based dosages (continuous values ranging from 0 to 2) should be used to calculate the score rather than hard-coded dosages (0/1/2). Extra caution must be taken if using programs by default rounding dosages to integers such as plink(2). 
On mapping class group quotients by powers of Dehn twists and their representations
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57 M 07, 20 F 36, 20 F 38, 57 N 05

description: The aim of this paper is to survey some known results about mapping class group quotients by powers of Dehn twists, related to their finite dimensional representations and to state some open questions. One can construct finite quotients of them, out of representations with Zariski dense images into semisimple Lie groups. We show that, in genus 2, the Fibonacci TQFT representation is actually a specialization of the Jones representation. Eventually, we explain a method of Long and Moody which provides large families of mapping class group representations.
description: 24p, revised version
Using the INSPIRAL program to search for gravitational waves from low-mass binary inspiral
Creators: name: Brown, Duncan A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The INSPIRAL program is the LIGO Scientific Collaboration's computational engine for the search for gravitational waves from binary neutron stars and sub-solar mass black holes. We describe how this program, which makes use of the FINDCHIRP algorithm (discussed in a companion paper), is integrated into a sophisticated data analysis pipeline that was used in the search for low-mass binary inspirals in data taken during the second LIGO science run.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity for the special issue of the GWDAW9 Proceedings
Predicting Water Temperature Dynamics of Unmonitored Lakes with Meta Transfer Learning
Creators: name: Willard, Jared D.
name: Read, Jordan S.
name: Appling, Alison P.
name: Oliver, Samantha K.
name: Jia, Xiaowei
name: Kumar, Vipin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most environmental data come from a minority of well-monitored sites. An ongoing challenge in the environmental sciences is transferring knowledge from monitored sites to unmonitored sites. Here, we demonstrate a novel transfer learning framework that accurately predicts depth-specific temperature in unmonitored lakes (targets) by borrowing models from well-monitored lakes (sources). This method, Meta Transfer Learning (MTL), builds a meta-learning model to predict transfer performance from candidate source models to targets using lake attributes and candidates' past performance. We constructed source models at 145 well-monitored lakes using calibrated process-based modeling (PB) and a recently developed approach called process-guided deep learning (PGDL). We applied MTL to either PB or PGDL source models (PB-MTL or PGDL-MTL, respectively) to predict temperatures in 305 target lakes treated as unmonitored in the Upper Midwestern United States. We show significantly improved performance relative to the uncalibrated process-based General Lake Model, where the median RMSE for the target lakes is $2.52^{\circ}C$. PB-MTL yielded a median RMSE of $2.43^{\circ}C$; PGDL-MTL yielded $2.16^{\circ}C$; and a PGDL-MTL ensemble of nine sources per target yielded $1.88^{\circ}C$. For sparsely monitored target lakes, PGDL-MTL often outperformed PGDL models trained on the target lakes themselves. Differences in maximum depth between the source and target were consistently the most important predictors. Our approach readily scales to thousands of lakes in the Midwestern United States, demonstrating that MTL with meaningful predictor variables and high-quality source models is a promising approach for many kinds of unmonitored systems and environmental variables.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, Water Resources Research
Scheme for direct measurement of a general two-qubit Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Devitt, Simon J.
name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of two-qubit gates appropriate for universal quantum computation is of enormous importance to quantum information processing. Building such gates is dependent on accurate knowledge of the interaction dynamics between two qubit systems. This letter will present a systematic method for reconstructing the full two-qubit interaction Hamiltonian through experimental measures of concurrence. This not only gives a convenient method for constructing two qubit quantum gates, but can also be used to experimentally determine various Hamiltonian parameters in physical systems. We show explicitly how this method can be employed to determine the first and second order spin-orbit corrections to the exchange coupling in quantum dots.
description: 4 Pages, 1 Figure
FACTORS AFFECTING WHOLESALE POULTRY PRICES
Creators: name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Pierce, Vern L.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Pierce, Vern L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: turkey primals
subject: chicken primals
subject: inverse demand model

description: Changes in consumer demand for poultry meats can be characterized as evolving over time and following seasonal patterns. The focus of this study is on understanding factors affecting wholesale poultry prices. This information is needed so that poultry processors and poultry producers may better understand how consumer purchasing patterns affect price changes. Results suggest that seasonal differences between the price of cuts exist. Furthermore, own-cut and cross-cut flexibilities were unique to individual cuts.
A Note on Bell's Theorem Logical Consistency
Creators: name: Lambare, Justo Pastor
name: Franco, Rodney
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Counterfactual definiteness is supposed to underlie the Bell theorem. An old controversy exists among those who reject the theorem implications by rejecting counterfactual definiteness and those who claim that, since it is a direct consequence of locality, it cannot be independently rejected. We propose a different approach for solving this contentious issue by realizing that counterfactual definiteness is an unnecessary and inconsistent assumption. Counterfactual definiteness is not equivalent to realism or determinism neither it follows from locality. It merely reduces to an incongruent application of counterfactual reasoning. Being incompatible with falsifiability, it constitutes an unjustified assumption that goes against the scientific method's rigor. Correct formulations of the Bell theorem's bases show it is absent either as a fundamental hypothesis or as a consequence of something else. Most importantly, we present a coherent Bell inequality derivation carefully devised to show explicitly and convincingly the absence of incompatible experiments or counterfactual reasoning. Thus, even admitting that counterfactual definiteness could be a consistent assumption, the necessary conclusion is that it is irrelevant for the inequality formulation and can be safely ignored when discussing Bell's inequality philosophical and physical implications.
MARKETING OF COTTON FIBER IN THE PRESENCE OF YIELD AND PRICE RISK
Creators: name: Wojciechowski, Jan
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Turner, Steven C.
name: Miller, Bill R.
name: Wojciechowski, Jan
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Turner, Steven C.
name: Miller, Bill R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: crop insurance
subject: marketing strategies
subject: risk aversion

description: An expected-utility model and a chance-constrained linear programming model were used to analyze four marketing strategies and seven crop insurance alternatives for cotton marketing in Georgia. The results suggest that existing marketing tools and insurance alternatives can be used to reduce cotton producers' revenue risk. The optimal level of yield and price insurance coverage depends on an individual producer's risk aversion.
Education to nurture the soul : an interpretive study of a professional leadership institute for librarians
Creators: name: Brockmeyer-Klebaum, Donna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to capture, describe and interpret an adult education experience that moves learners in an emotional, soulful and spiritual way. Profound and deep learning was revealed through comments such as: This has been one of the most profound experiences of my life; and, Those five days were pure magic. These comments are the result of experiences at Northern Exposure to Leadership (NEL), which is a continuing, adult learning experience for professional librarians. The Institute uses senior librarians to serve as mentors and facilitators, and is a five-day, residential Institute held every eighteen months at Emerald Lake Lodge, near Field, British Columbia, Canada. This research is explored within an adult education framework, which is steeped in a rich tradition of creating caring learning communities that honour the histories of learners, listen to their individual voices, and allow for alternative ways of learning and knowing. This analysis and interpretation is set within a broader social context of individual, global and cosmic alienation, and the demise and loss of soul evident in a manufactured, technical and commodified world. The research indicates that soul in education is nurtured through: relationships with mentors, peers and self; the creation of a professional, caring community; ceremony, symbol and the sacred; risk; struggle and disclosure; ethics; creativity and imagination; physical environment; residential factors of seclusion and shared accommodations; and the use of a variety of teaching methods with a concentration on experiential learning. The confluence of these factors affects careers and lives of learners on a long-term basis. Ultimately, it is asserted that attention to soul in education elicits an emotional, spiritual and physical response that is affirming for all involved. Soulful approaches breathe life into education and infuse learners with energy, vitality and enthusiasm, and, in the case of NEL, is creating a collegial community with librarianship.
Regression Analysis of Cure Model with Generalised Weibull Distribution
Creators: name: Rejani, Parassery Parameswaran
name: Sankaran, Paduthol Godan
Publisher: name: Statistica
Year: 2021

description: Cure models are of special attention when all of the study subjects do not experience the event of interest even after long follow-up time. Many researchers have used exponential, gamma and Weibull distribution in the latency part of parametric cure models. In this article, we propose a new regression model with cured fraction, in its latency part is explained by the generalised Weibull distribution (Mudholkar et al., 1996). The estimation of the parameters of the proposed model is done using maximum likelihood method via EM algorithm. Simulations are carried out to study the effect of sampling fluctuations and to knowthe efficiency of estimators. The proposed model is applied to real data on acute myelogenous leukaemia. The statistical significance of the regression parameter is checked by likelihood ratio (LR) test and the new model was compared withWeibull cure model using Akaike information criterion (AIC).
description: Statistica, Vol. 81 No. 3 (2021)
Collective effects in central heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Lykasov, G. I.
name: Sissakian, A. N.
name: Sorin, A. S.
name: Toneev, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-medium effects on transverse-mass distributions of quarks and gluons are considered assuming a possible local equilibrium for colorless quark objects (mesons and baryons) created in central A-A collisions. It is shown that the average transverse momentum squared for these partons grows and then saturates when the initial energy increases. Within the quark-gluon string model it leads to the colliding energy dependence of hadron transverse mass spectra which is similar to that observed in heavy ion collisions. Comparison with other scenarios is given.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at 13th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Moscow, Russia, August 23-29, 2007
The impact of (n,$γ$) reaction rate uncertainties of unstable isotopes on the i-process nucleosynthesis of the elements from Ba to W
Creators: name: Denissenkov, Pavel A.
name: Herwig, Falk
name: Perdikakis, Georgios
name: Schatz, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances of n-capture elements in the CEMP-r/s stars agree with predictions of intermediate n-density nucleosynthesis, at $N_\mathrm{n}\sim 10^{13}$-$10^{15} \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$, in rapidly-accreting white dwarfs (RAWDs). We have performed Monte-Carlo simulations of this i-process nucleosynthesis to determine the impact of (n,$γ$) reaction rate uncertainties of 164 unstable isotopes, from $^{131}$I to $^{189}$Hf, on the predicted abundances of 18 elements from Ba to W. The impact study is based on two representative one-zone models with constant values of $N_\mathrm{n} = 3.16\times 10^{14}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ and $N_\mathrm{n} = 3.16\times 10^{13}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ and on a multi-zone model based on a realistic stellar evolution simulation of He-shell convection entraining H in a RAWD model with [Fe/H]=-2.6. For each of the selected elements, we have identified up to two (n,$γ$) reactions having the strongest correlations between their rate variations constrained by Hauser-Feshbach computations and the predicted abundances, with the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients $|r_\mathrm{P}| > 0.15$. We find that the discrepancies between the predicted and observed abundances of Ba and Pr in the CEMP-i star CS31062-050 are significantly diminished if the rate of $^{137}$Cs(n,$γ)^{138}$Cs is reduced and the rates of $^{141}$Ba(n,$γ)^{142}$Ba or $^{141}$La(n,$γ)^{142}$La increased. The uncertainties of temperature-dependent $β$-decay rates of the same unstable isotopes have a negligible effect on the predicted abundances. One-zone Monte-Carlo simulations can be used instead of computationally time-consuming multi-zone Monte-Carlo simulations in reaction rate uncertainty studies if they use comparable values of $N_\mathrm{n}$ (abridged).
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A COUNTY-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Rupasingha, Anil
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Freshwater, David
name: Rupasingha, Anil
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Freshwater, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: economic growth
subject: social capital
subject: U.S. counties

description: The effect of social capital on economic growth is examined using linear regression analysis and U.S. county-level data. Results reveal that social capital has a statistically significant, independent positive effect on the rate of per-capita income growth.
Effective State Metamorphosis in Semi-Classical Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modification to the behavior of geometrical density at short scales is a key result of loop quantum cosmology, responsible for an interesting phenomenology in the very early universe. We demonstrate the way matter with arbitrary scale factor dependence in Hamiltonian incorporates this change in its effective dynamics in the loop modified phase. For generic matter, the equation of state starts varying near a critical scale factor, becomes negative below it and violates strong energy condition. This opens a new avenue to generalize various phenomenological applications in loop quantum cosmology. We show that different ways to define energy density may yield radically different results, especially for the case corresponding to classical dust. We also discuss implications for frequency dispersion induced by modification to geometric density at small scales.
description: Revised version; includes expanded discussion of natural trans-Planckian modifications to frequency dispersion and robustness to quantization ambiguities. To appear in Class. Quant. Grav
GLOBALIZING HEALTH BENEFITS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
name: Babinard, Julie
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
name: Babinard, Julie
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Thomas, Marcelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: For the health community, globalization offers opportunities but also poses important challenges. Dramatic progress has been made in the area of health over the past forty years; however, improvements have been unequally distributed across regions. Developing countries share a disproportionate burden of avoidable mortality and disability, primarily attributable to preventable infectious diseases, malnutrition, and complications of childbirth. Globalization affects global health, which in turn may improve or worsen the health of the poor in developing countries. This paper reviews the different meanings of globalization and indicators for some of its components. Using a simple framework, it examines the channels, which links globalization and health outcomes and identifies among them five main pathways. The first two pathways connect globalization with general outcomes on the economy and the government of developing countries, which affect the global health situation. The last three connect directly globalization with health, through its effect on institutions, nutrition, and the environment. In conclusion, this paper presents some policy and institutional responses that seek to reduce the negative and enhance the positive effects of globalization on health in developing countries.
Design and Development of User Configured Vehicle Headlight Beam
Creators: name: Starlin Dennis, Roynish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400204
subject: Automotive safety engineering
classificationCode: 400203
subject: Automotive mechatronics and autonomous systems

description: This project utilizes the ESP32 microcontroller and MPU6050 sensor to create a responsive headlight beam adjustment system tailored for real-time road conditions. By detecting the vehicle's inclination, the system automatically adjusts the vertical beam, while manual beam steering allows directional control using servo motors. This adaptive lighting system enhances automotive safety by maintaining optimal visibility and reducing glare. The integration of embedded system design with smart automotive lighting concepts ensures a cost-effective, scalable solution suitable for various vehicles. The project focuses on fog lamp adjustment, real-time beam control, and beam pattern optimization, contributing to advancements in vehicle automation and driver assistance technologies.
GAMS CODE FOR ESTIMATING A SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX (SAM) USING CROSS ENTROPY (CE) METHODS
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: El-Said, Moataz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Entropy
subject: cross entropy
subject: social accounting matrices
subject: SAM
subject: GAMS

description: This paper documents the computer code implementing the CE-SAM estimation technique in GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System). It defines the estimation problem in a deterministic setting; extends the approach to include a stochastic treatment of errors in control totals; summarizes the equations describing CE technique for estimating a consistent SAM starting from an inconsistent data set estimated with error; and provides the GAMS code.
Crowder and Surface Effects on Self-organization of Microtubules
Creators: name: Sahu, Sumon
name: Herbst, Lena
name: Quinn, Ryan
name: Ross, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microtubules are an essential physical building block of cellular systems. They are organized using specific crosslinkers, motors, and influencers of nucleation and growth. With the addition of anti-parallel crosslinkers, microtubule pattern goes through transition from fan-like structures to homogeneous tactoid condensates in vitro. Tactoids are reminiscent of biological mitotic spindles, the cell division machinery. To accomplish these organizations, we use polymer crowding agents. Here we study how altering the properties of the crowders, such as size, concentration, and molecular weight, affect microtubule organization. Using simulations with experiments, we observe a scaling law associated with the fan-like patterns in the absence of crosslinkers. Tactoids formed in the presence of crosslinkers show variable length, depending on the crowders. The subtle differences correlate to individual filament contour length changes, likely due to effects on nucleation and growth of the microtubules. Using quantitative image analysis, we deduce that the tactoids differ from traditional liquid crystal organization, as they are limited in width irrespective of crowders and surfaces, and behave as solid-like condensates.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Star formation in the nearby universe: the ultraviolet and infrared points of view
Creators: name: Iglesias-Paramo, J.
name: Buat, V.
name: Takeuchi, T. T.
name: Xu, K.
name: Boissier, S.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Madore, B. F.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Barlow, T. A.
name: Byun, Y. -I.
name: Donas, J.
name: Forster, K.
name: Friedman, P. G.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Jelinski, P. N.
name: Lee, Y. -W.
name: Malina, R. F.
name: Martin, D. C.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Morrissey, P. F.
name: Neff, S. G.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Seibert, M.
name: Siegmund, O. H. W.
name: Small, T.
name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Welsh, B. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents the main ultraviolet (UV) and far-infrared (FIR) properties of two samples of nearby galaxies selected from the GALEX ($λ= 2315$Å, hereafter NUV) and IRAS ($λ= 60μ$m) surveys respectively. They are built in order to get detection at both wavelengths for most of the galaxies. Star formation rate (SFR) estimators based on the UV and FIR emissions are compared. Systematic differences are found between the SFR estimators for individual galaxies based on the NUV fluxes corrected for dust attenuation and on the total IR luminosity. A combined estimator based on NUV and IR luminosities seems to be the best proxy over the whole range of values of SFR. Although both samples present similar average values of the birthrate parameter b, their star-formation-related properties are substantially different: NUV-selected galaxies tend to show larger values of $b$ for lower masses, SFRs and dust attenuations, supporting previous scenarios for the star formation history (SFH). Conversely, about 20% of the FIR-selected galaxies show high values of $b$, SFR and NUV attenuation. These galaxies, most of them being LIRGs and ULIRGs, break down the downsizing picture for the SFH, however their relative contribution per unit volume is small in the local Universe. Finally, the cosmic SFR density of the local Universe is estimated in a consistent way from the NUV and IR luminosities.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
The probability of exceeding a high boundary on a random time interval for a heavy-tailed random walk
Creators: name: Foss, Sergey
name: Palmowski, Zbigniew
name: Zachary, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10 (Primary) 60K25 (Secondary)

description: We study the asymptotic probability that a random walk with heavy-tailed increments crosses a high boundary on a random time interval. We use new techniques to extend results of Asmussen [Ann. Appl. Probab. 8 (1998) 354-374] to completely general stopping times, uniformity of convergence over all stopping times and a wide class of nonlinear boundaries. We also give some examples and counterexamples.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000269 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Classification Rules for Two Exponential Populations with a Common Location Using Censored Samples
Creators: name: Kumar, Pushkal
name: Tripathy, Manas Ranjan
Publisher: name: Statistica
Year: 2021

description: The problem of classification into two exponential populations with a common location parameter under the type-II censoring scheme is considered. Estimators improving upon the MLEs and the UMVUEs are used to construct classification rules for classifying an observation as well as a group of observations. Further, a rule-based on the generalized likelihood ratio test, has also been proposed. More importantly, a detailed and in-depth simulation study has been carried out in order to compare the probability of correct classification as well as expected probability of correct classification numerically. Finally, a real life example is presented in order to illustrate the applicability of the proposed classification rules, under type-II censoring scheme.
description: Statistica, Vol. 81 No. 3 (2021)
Fluctuations of the critical Casimir force
Creators: name: Gross, Markus
name: Gambassi, Andrea
name: Dietrich, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical Casimir force (CCF) arises from confining fluctuations in a critical fluid and thus it is a fluctuating quantity itself. While the mean CCF is universal, its (static) variance has previously been found to depend on the microscopic details of the system which effectively set a large-momentum cutoff in the underlying field theory, rendering it potentially large. This raises the question how the properties of the force variance are reflected in experimentally observable quantities, such as the thickness of a wetting film or the position of a suspended colloidal particle. Here, based on a rigorous definition of the instantaneous force, we analyze static and dynamic correlations of the CCF for a conserved fluid in film geometry for various boundary conditions within the Gaussian approximation. We find that the dynamic correlation function of the CCF is independent of the momentum cutoff and decays algebraically in time. Within the Gaussian approximation, the associated exponent depends only on the dynamic universality class but not on the boundary conditions. We furthermore consider a fluid film, the thickness of which can fluctuate under the influence of the time-dependent CCF. The latter gives rise to an effective non-Markovian noise in the equation of motion of the film boundary and induces a distinct contribution to the position variance. Within the approximations used here, at short times, this contribution grows algebraically in time whereas, at long times, it saturates and contributes to the steady-state variance of the film thickness.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures
Nonlinearity Management in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Stefanov, A.
name: Pelinovsky, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present short communication, we revisit nonlinearity management of the time-periodic nonlinear Schrodinger equation and the related averaging procedure. We prove that the averaged nonlinear Schrodinger equation does not support the blow-up of solutions in higher dimensions, independently of the strength in the nonlinearity coefficient variance. This conclusion agrees with earlier works in the case of strong nonlinearity management but contradicts those in the case of weak nonlinearity management. The apparent discrepancy is explained by the divergence of the averaging procedure in the limit of weak nonlinearity management.
description: 9 pages, 1 figures
Relative entropic uncertainty relation
Creators: name: Floerchinger, Stefan
name: Haas, Tobias
name: Hoeber, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum uncertainty relations are formulated in terms of relative entropy between distributions of measurement outcomes and suitable reference distributions with maximum entropy. This type of entropic uncertainty relation can be applied directly to observables with either discrete or continuous spectra. We find that a sum of relative entropies is bounded from above in a nontrivial way, which we illustrate with some examples.
description: 10 pages, no figures
Environmental DNA reveals ecologically relevant spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblages between estuaries and seasons
Creators: name: Gibson, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Data used in the production of outputs for the publication 'Environmental DNA reveals ecologically relevant spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblages between estuaries and seasons'. This is a combination of Species x Sequence reads tables, count data from fish biomonitoring surveys and physicochemical data. Please refer to publication and publication SI for additional details. Some further details are provided in the Data_Read_Me file. A knowlege of metabarcoding and the use of BLAST (Camacho et al. 2009), Evolutionary Placement Algorithm (Barbeta et al. 2019) and SINTAX (Edgar et al. 2016) will be required to fully interperate Taxanomic_Assignments.csv. 

 

Species_eDNA_Raw.csv - Read Counts per Species per Sample or Control prior to threshold cut off cleaning. 

Species_eDNA_Clean.csv - Read Counts per Species per Sample or Control after threshold cut off cleaning. 

Fishing_metadata.csv - Positions, dates and physicochemical readings at each fishing station. 

eDNA_Metadata.csv - Positions and dates for eDNA sampling data. 

Fish_Catches.csv - Numbers of each species captured in each gear type at each station. 

Historical.Fish.List - All the species which have been detected in each estuary in each season from WFD fish biomonitoring. 

Taxanomic_Assignments.csv - Final taxonomic assignments per ASV for combined BLAST, EPA and SINTAX results. 

 

Useful Referances

Edgar, R. C. (2016). SINTAX: a simple non-Bayesian Taxonomy Classifier for 16S and ITS sequences. BioRxiv, 074161. https://doi.org/10.1101/074161

Camacho, C., Coulouris, G., Avagyan, V., Ma, N., Papadopoulos, J., Bealer, K., & Madden, T. L. (2009). BLAST+: architecture and applications. BMC Bioinformatics, 10(1), 421. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-10-421

Barbera, P., Kozlov, A. M., Czech, L., Morel, B., Darriba, D., Flouri, T., & Stamatakis, A. (2019). EPA-ng: Massively Parallel Evolutionary Placement of Genetic Sequences. Systematic Biology, 68(2), 365–369. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy054
SMALL COUNTRIES AND THE CASE FOR REGIONALISM VS. MULTILATERALISM
Creators: name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Much of the debate over whether or not developing countries gain from regional trade agreements (RTA’s) has focused on two characteristics that are common to developing countries: their relatively high tariffs and their high trade dependencies on one or a few developed trade partners. In this paper, we address a third common characteristic: their use of distorting domestic policies that are closely linked to trade restrictions. We argue that participation in an RTA can create pressures for domestic policy reforms. We analyze the case of a small country, Mexico, forming an RTA with two larger countries, the U.S. and Canada, in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Mexico exhibits all three characteristics of a developing country: relatively high tariffs, a high trade dependency on the U.S., and an extensive and pervasive system of farm support that was linked to the restriction of trade. For the analysis, we use a 26- sector, multi-country, computable general equilibrium (CGE) model in which the three single-country models are linked through trade flows, and farm programs are modeled in detail. We find that there are welfare gains from trade liberalization in all three countries only when domestic reforms are in place. Mexico gains from NAFTA only when it also removes domestic distortions in agriculture. Then, agriculture can generate allocative efficiency gains that are large enough to offset the terms of trade losses which arise because Mexico has higher initial tariffs than other RTA members.
The Exponentiated XGamma Distribution: a New Monotone Failure Rate Model and Its Applications to Lifetime Data
Creators: name: Yadav, Abhimanyu Singh
name: Saha, Mahendra
name: Tripathi, Harsh
name: Kumar, Sumit
Publisher: name: Statistica
Year: 2021

description: In this article, the exponentiated version of xgamma distribution (XGD) has been introduced, named as exponentiated xgamma distribution (EXGD). The proposed model is positively skewed and possess some interesting shapes of hazard rate, i.e., increasing, decreasing and bathtub. Different distributional properties of proposed model, viz., moments, generating functions, mean deviation, quantile function, order statistics, reliability curves and indices etc. have been derived. The estimation of the parameters, survival function and hazard function of EXGD have been approached by different methods of estimation. A Simulation study is carried out to compare the performances of the different estimators obtained via different methods of estimation. Two real data sets have been analyzed to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model.
description: Statistica, Vol. 81 No. 3 (2021)
THE IMPACT OF DOMESTIC AND GLOBAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON FIVE SOUTHERN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Wobst, Peter
name: Wobst, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We compare the impact of alternative domestic and global trade liberalization scenarios on five economies in Southern Africa. The study applies a computable general equilibrium model that employs standardised 12-sector social accounting matrices for Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The approach incorporates stylised features such as own-household consumption and marketing margins that are of particular importance when a majority of agricultural producers are not sufficiently integrated into formal markets and thus rely on own production to meet their daily diets. Hence, improved infrastructure implies lower marketing costs and better market integration, which translates to increased production opportunities. The comparison of the results across all five countries reveals that common policy measures have different impacts depending on the underlying economic structures.
CAN SOUTH AFRICA AFFORD TO BECOME AFRICA'S FIRST WELFARE STATE?
Creators: name: Thurlow, James
name: Thurlow, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper assesses the economy-wide impact of implementing and financing a universal or basic income grant (BIG) in South Africa. The various financing scenarios suggested by the proponents of the grant are presented, and these are compared using an applied general equilibrium model for the South African economy. The results indicate that the required changes in direct and indirect tax rates needed to finance the grant without increasing the government deficit are substantially higher than currently predicted. Furthermore, the alternative of reducing government recurrent expenditure to finance the BIG will undoubtedly undermine other government policy objectives. The paper therefore proposes a shift in the current debate, away from determining which of the individual financing options is preferable, towards an acknowledgement that a .balanced. approach is likely to provide the only feasible scenario. Furthermore, the impact of the grant on economic growth is found to hinge on its ability to enhance factor productivity. These results suggest that the possibility of South Africa becoming the continent's first welfare state is as likely to rest with the macroeconomic impacts of financing the grant, as with the ability of the grant to address the country's prevailing poverty.
Waveguide-coupled Rydberg spectrum analyzer from 0 to 20 GHz
Creators: name: Meyer, David H.
name: Kunz, Paul D.
name: Cox, Kevin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an atomic radio-frequency (RF) receiver and spectrum analyzer based on thermal Rydberg atoms coupled to a planar microwave waveguide. We use an off-resonant RF heterodyne technique to achieve continuous operation for carrier frequencies ranging from DC to 20 GHz. The system achieves an intrinsic sensitivity of up to -120(2) dBm/Hz, DC coupling, 4 MHz instantaneous bandwidth, and over 80 dB of linear dynamic range. By connecting through a low-noise preamplifier, we demonstrate high-performance spectrum analysis with peak sensitivity of better than -145 dBm/Hz. Attaching a standard rabbit-ears antenna, the spectrum analyzer detects weak ambient signals including FM radio, AM radio, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. We also demonstrate waveguide-readout of the thermal Rydberg ensemble by non-destructively probing waveguide-atom interactions. The system opens the door for small, room-temperature, ensemble-based Rydberg sensors that surpass the sensitivity, bandwidth, and precision limitations of standard RF sensors, receivers, and analyzers.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Superconducting phase diagram of NaxCoO2.yH2O
Creators: name: Sakurai, H.
name: Takada, K.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Takayama-Muromachi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We synthesized Nax(H3O)zCoO2yH2O samples with various Na/H3O ratios but with the constant Co valence of s = +3.40, and measured their magnetic properties to draw phase diagrams of the system. The superconductivity is very sensitive to the Na/H3O ratio. With varying x under fixed s of +3.40, magnetically ordered phase appears in the intermediate range of x sandwiched by two separated superconducting phases, suggesting that the superconductivity is induced by moderately strong magnetic interactions. In the vicinity of the magnetic phase, transition from the superconducting state to the magnetically ordered state was induced by applying high magnetic field. This transition is of the second order, at least, above 1.8 K. The upper-critical field is expected to be much higher than the Pauli limit for a phase located far away from the magnetic phase regarding the Na/H3O ratio.
description: proceedings of ISS2005
On Estimation of P(Y < X) for Generalized Inverted Exponential Distribution Based on Hybrid Censored Data
Creators: name: Garg, Renu
name: Kumar, Kapil
Publisher: name: Statistica
Year: 2021

description: Based on the hybrid censored samples, this article deals with the problem of point and interval estimation of the stress-strength reliability R = P(Y < X) when X and Y both have independent generalized inverted exponential distributions with different shape and common scale parameters. The maximum likelihood estimation, Bayes estimation and parametric bootstrap methods are used for estimating R. Also, asymptotic confidence interval of R is derived based on the asymptotic distribution of R. Bayesian estimation procedure is carried out using Lindley approximation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Bayes estimate and the HPD credible interval of R are obtained using non-informative and gamma informative priors. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out for comparing the different proposed estimation methods. Finally, a pair of real data sets is analyzed for illustration purposes.
description: Statistica, Vol. 81 No. 3 (2021)
TRADE AND TRADABILITY: EXPORTS, IMPORTS, AND FACTOR MARKETS IN THE SALTER-SWAN MODEL
Creators: name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Robinson, Sherman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Semi-traded goods
subject: two-way trade
subject: Salter-Swan Model
subject: Stolper-Samuelson Theorem

description: We extend the Salter-Swan model to include both factor markets and semi-traded goods. In our model, changes in relative factor prices depend on changes in world commodity prices, factor endowments, and the trade balance. In contrast, only changes in world commodity prices can affect factor prices in the neoclassical trade model. The inclusion of semi-traded goods weakens the magnification effect of both the Stolper-Samuelson and Rybczynski theorems. When imports and domestic goods are poor substitutes, a characteristic of some commodities in developing countries, the sign of the Stolper-Samuelson effect is reversed.