cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Femtosecond resolution timing jitter correction on a TW scale Ti:sapphire laser system for FEL pump-probe experiments
Creators: name: Divall, Marta Csatari
name: Mutter, Patrick
name: Divall, Edwin J.
name: Hauri, Christoph P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intense ultrashort pulse lasers are used for fs resolution pumpprobe experiments more and more at large scale facilities, such as free electron lasers (FEL). Measurement of the arrival time of the laser pulses and stabilization to the machine or other sub-systems on the target, is crucial for high time-resolution measurements. In this work we report on a single shot, spectrally resolved, non-collinear cross-correlator with sub-fs resolution. With a feedback applied we keep the output of the TW class Ti:sapphire amplifier chain in time with the seed oscillator to ~3 fs RMS level for several hours. This is well below the typical pulse duration used at FELs and supports fs resolution pump-probe experiments. Short term jitter and long term timing drift measurements are presented. Applicability to other wavelengths and integration into the timing infrastructure of the FEL are also covered to show the full potential of the device.
Interpretation and use of future snow projections from the 11-member Met Office Regional Climate Model ensemble
Creators: name: Brown, Simon
name: Boorman, Penelope
name: Murphy, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: This report describes how to interpret the 11-member Met Office Regional Climate model ensembles of future snow projections. Daily values of snowfall rate are available at 25 km resolution from the ensemble of 11 Met Office regional climate model (RCM) variants run for UKCP09. This ensemble was run for the period 1950–2099, driven by the UKCP09 Medium scenario of future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1341/ Main files in this record: tech_note_on_snow_projections_from_11_member_RCM.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Kate Winfield. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Nonlinear parity-time-symmetric transition in finite-size optical couplers
Creators: name: Walasik, Wiktor
name: Ma, Chicheng
name: Litchinitser, Natalia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity-time-symmetric ($\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric) optical waveguide couplers offer a great potential for future applications in integrated optics. Studies of nonlinear $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric couplers present new possibilities for ultracompact configurable all-optical signal processing. Here, we predict nonlinearly triggered transition from a full to a broken $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric regime in finite-size systems described by smooth permittivity profiles and, in particular, in a conventional discrete waveguide directional coupler configuration with a rectangular permittivity profile. These results suggest a practical route for experimental realization of such systems.
Rare semileptonic decay of $χ_{c1}(1p)$ meson In QCD
Creators: name: Ghahramany, N.
name: Houshyar, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare semileptonic $χ_{c1}(1p)\rightarrow D_{s}^{+}e\bar{ν}$ decay is analyzed, by using the three-point QCD sum rules. Taking into account the two-gluon condensate contributions, the transition form factors related to this decay are calculated and are used to determine the total decay width and branching fraction. Our findings may be approved by future experiments.
description: 15,3
Prunus tenella Batsch 1801
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Prunus
Prunus tenella

description: Amygdalus pumila Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 341; Mantissa Plantarum: 74. 1767. "Habitat in Africa." RCN: 3620. Lectotype (Bartholomew in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 51: 541. 2002): Herb. Linn. No. 639.4 (LINN). Current name:  Prunus tenella Batsch (Rosaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Ensemble equivalence for distinguishable particles
Creators: name: Fernandez-Peralta, A.
name: Toral, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistics of distinguishable particles has become relevant in systems of colloidal particles and in the context of applications of statistical mechanics to complex networks. When studying these type of systems with the standard textbook formalism, non-physical results such as non-extensive entropies are obtained. In this paper, we will show that the commonly used expression for the partition function of a system of distinguishable particles leads to huge fluctuations of the number of particles in the grand canonical ensemble and, consequently, to non-equivalence of statistical ensembles. We will see how a new proposed definition for the entropy of distinguishable particles by Swendsen [J. Stat. Phys. 107, 1143 (2002)] solves the problem and restores ensemble equivalence. We also show that the new proposal for the partition function does not produce any inconsistency for a system of distinguishable localized particles, where the monoparticular partition function is not extensive.
Supplementary Materials from Estimating the effective reproduction number for heterogeneous models using incidence data
Creators: name: Jorge, D. C. P.
name: Oliveira, J. F.
name: Miranda, J. G. V.
name: Andrade, R. F. S.
name: Pinho, S. T. R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A file containing all the supplementary information for the article.
Continuous generation of Rubidium vapor in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers
Creators: name: Donvalkar, Prathamesh S.
name: Ramelow, Sven
name: Clemmen, Stephane
name: Gaeta, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate high optical depths (50+/-5), lasting for hours in Rubidium-filled hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers, which represents a 1000X improvement over operation times previously reported. We investigate the vapor generation mechanism using both a continuous-wave and a pulsed light source and find that the mechanism for generating the Rubidium atoms is primarily due to thermal vaporization. Continuous generation of large vapor densities should enable measurements at the single-photon level by averaging over longer time scales.
Modifications to fix the discrepancies between observed baseline climatology and future change in sunshine and vapour pressure
Creators: name: Stephens, Ag
name: Jones, Phil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: In September 2010, a UKCP09 user brought to our attention that the outputs from the Weather Generator showed unrealistic changes in future sunshine hours when compared to changes in future cloud cover. The University of East Anglia (UEA), British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) and the Met Office Hadley Centre have investigated the issue and this document explains where the problem comes from and how it can be rectified. It is important to note that the problem does not stem from errors in either the probabilistic data or the Weather Generator (WG). It is due to the choice of observed baseline climatology used in generating change factors from the probabilistic projections to drive the Weather Generator. A related issue also occurs with vapour pressure, but the effect is smaller.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1342/ Main files in this record: tech_note_on_sunshine_and_water_vapour.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Kate Winfield. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Effective Multi-Stage Training Model For Edge Computing Devices In Intrusion Detection
Creators: name: Trong, Thua Huynh
name: Hoang, Thanh Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intrusion detection poses a significant challenge within expansive and persistently interconnected environments. As malicious code continues to advance and sophisticated attack methodologies proliferate, various advanced deep learning-based detection approaches have been proposed. Nevertheless, the complexity and accuracy of intrusion detection models still need further enhancement to render them more adaptable to diverse system categories, particularly within resource-constrained devices, such as those embedded in edge computing systems. This research introduces a three-stage training paradigm, augmented by an enhanced pruning methodology and model compression techniques. The objective is to elevate the system's effectiveness, concurrently maintaining a high level of accuracy for intrusion detection. Empirical assessments conducted on the UNSW-NB15 dataset evince that this solution notably reduces the model's dimensions, while upholding accuracy levels equivalent to similar proposals.
Interpretation for use of surface wind speed projections from the 11-member Met Office Regional Climate Model ensemble
Creators: name: Brown, S
name: Boorman, P
name: McDonald, R
name: Murphy, J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: This document is for use with the UK Climate Projections 2009 (UKCP09) data. It provides technical information to aid users in the interpretation of surface wind speed projections from the 11-member Met Office Regional Climate Model ensemble.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1343/ Main files in this record: tech_note_on_surface_wind_speed_from_11_member_RCM.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Kate Winfield. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Coexistence curves and molecule number densities of AdS black holes in the reduced parameter space
Creators: name: Mo, Jie-Xiong
name: Li, Gu-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the coexistence curves and molecule number densities of $f(R)$ AdS black holes and Gauss-Bonnet AdS black holes. Specifically, we work with the reduced parameter space and derive the analytic expressions of the universal coexistence curves that are independent of theory parameters. Moreover, we obtain the explicit expressions of the physical quantity describing the difference of the number densities of black hole molecules between the small and large black hole. It is found that both the coexistence curve and the difference of the molecule number densities of $f(R)$ AdS black holes coincide with those of RN-AdS black holes. It may be attributed to the same equation of state they share in the reduced parameter space. The difference of the molecule number densities between the small and large Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole exhibits different behavior. This may be attributed to the fact that the charge of RN-AdS black hole is non-trivial. Our research will not only deepen the understanding of both the physics along the coexistence curve and the underlying microscopic freedom of AdS black holes, but also highlight the importance of the law of corresponding states.
Fabrication of a microresonator-fiber assembly maintaining a high-quality factor by CO2 laser welding
Creators: name: Fang, Zhiwei
name: Lin, Jintian
name: Wang, Min
name: Liu, Zhengming
name: Yao, Jinping
name: Qiao, Lingling
name: Cheng, Ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate fabrication of a microtoroid resonator of a high-quality (high-Q) factor using femtosecond laser three-dimensional (3D) micromachining. A fiber taper is reliably assembled to the microtoroid using CO2 laser welding. Specifically, we achieve a high Q-factor of 2.12*10^6 in the microresonator-fiber assembly by optimizing the contact position between the fiber taper and the microtoroid.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Geometry and off-shell nilpotency for N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Meziane, A
name: Tahiri, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory it is possible to build an off-shell nilpotent BRST and anti-BRST algebra in terms of a BRST superspace formalism. This is based on the introduction of the basic fields of the quantized theory together with an auxiliary real field via the lowest components of the superfield components of a superYang-Mills connection. Here, the associated supercurvature is constrained by horizontality conditions as in ordinary Yang-Mills theory. We also show how the off-shell BRST-invariant quantum action can be constructed starting from a gauge-fixed superaction.
description: accepted for publication in Acta Polonica B and will appear in the October issue of the journal. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0510206
Amyris balsamifera Linnaeus 1759
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Rutaceae
Amyris
Amyris balsamifera

description: Amyris balsamifera Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1000. 1759. ["Habitat in Jamaica."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 496 (1762). RCN: 2687. Lectotype (designated here by Gereau): Browne, Herb. Linn. No. 490.2 (LINN). Current name:  Amyris balsamifera L. (Rutaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Parity-time-symmetric coupled microring lasers operating around an exceptional point
Creators: name: Hodaei, Hossein
name: Miri, M. Ali
name: Hassan, Absar Ul
name: Hayenga, William
name: Heinrich, Matthias
name: Christodouldes, Demetri N.
name: Khajavikhan, Mercedeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of a parity-time (PT) symmetric coupled microring system is studied when operating in the vicinity of an exceptional point. Using the abrupt phase transition around this point, stable single-mode lasing is demonstrated in spectrally multi-moded micro-ring arrangements.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Amyris elemifera Linnaeus 1759
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Rutaceae
Amyris
Amyris elemifera

description: Amyris elemifera Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1000. 1759. ["Habitat in Carolina."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 495 (1762). RCN: 2680. Lectotype (Howard, Fl. Lesser Antilles 4: 557. 1988): [icon] "Frutex trifolius resinosus; floribus tetra-petalis albis racemosis" in Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina 2: 33, t. 33. 1734. Current name:  Amyris elemifera L. (Rutaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Variability in Weather Generator Simulations
Creators: name: Unknown
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: This technical note illustrates and assesses the variability introduced by the Weather Generator relative to that from the change factors within the UKCP09 probabilistic projections.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1344/ Main files in this record: tech_note_on_variability_in_weather_generator_simulations.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Kate Winfield. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Disruption of SSP/VWI states by a stable stratification
Creators: name: Eaves, T. S.
name: Caulfield, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify `minimal seeds' for turbulence, i.e. initial conditions of the smallest possible total perturbation energy density $E_c$ that trigger turbulence from the laminar state, in stably stratified plane Couette flow using the `direct-adjoint-looping' (DAL) method for finding nonlinear optimal perturbations that optimise the time averaged total dissipation of energy in the flow. These minimal seeds are located adjacent to the edge manifold, the manifold in state space that separates trajectories which transition to turbulence from those which eventually decay to the laminar state. The edge manifold is also the stable manifold of the system's `edge state'. The trajectories from the minimal seed initial conditions spend a large amount of time in the vicinity of some states: the edge state; another state contained within the edge manifold; or even in dynamically slowly varying regions of the edge manifold, allowing us to investigate the effects of a stable stratification on any coherent structures associated with such states. In unstratified plane Couette flow, these coherent structures are manifestations of the self-sustaining process (SSP) deduced on physical grounds by Waleffe (1997), or equivalently finite Reynolds number solutions of the vortex-wave interaction (VWI) asymptotic equations initially derived mathematically by Hall & Smith (1991). The stratified coherent states we identify at moderate $Re$ display an altered form from their unstratified counterparts for bulk Richardson numbers $Ri_B=\textit{O}(Re^{-1})$, and exhibit chaotic motion for larger $Ri_B$. We demonstrate that at high $Re$ the suppression of vertical motions by stratification strongly disrupts input from the waves to the roll velocity structures, thus preventing the waves from reinforcing the viscously decaying roll structures adequately, when $Ri_B=\textit{O}(Re^{-2})$.
Thin-disk laser pump schemes for large number of passes and moderate pump source quality
Creators: name: Schuhmann, K.
name: Hänsch, T. W.
name: Kirch, K.
name: Knecht, A.
name: Kottmann, F.
name: Nez, F.
name: Pohl, R.
name: Taqqu, D.
name: Antognini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel thin-disk laser pump layouts are proposed yielding an increased number of passes for a given pump module size and pump source quality. These novel layouts result from a general scheme which bases on merging two simpler pump optics arrangements. Some peculiar examples can be realized by adapting standard commercially available pump optics simply by intro ducing an additional mirror-pair. More pump passes yield better efficiency, opening the way for usage of active materials with low absorption. In a standard multi-pass pump design, scaling of the number of beam passes brings ab out an increase of the overall size of the optical arrangement or an increase of the pump source quality requirements. Such increases are minimized in our scheme, making them eligible for industrial applications
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Dual-pumped degenerate Kerr oscillator in a silicon nitride microresonator
Creators: name: Okawachi, Yoshitomo
name: Yu, Mengjie
name: Luke, Kevin
name: Carvalho, Daniel O.
name: Ramelow, Sven
name: Farsi, Alessandro
name: Lipson, Michal
name: Gaeta, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a degenerate parametric oscillator in a silicon-nitride microresonator. We use two frequency-detuned pump waves to perform parametric four-wave mixing and operate in the normal group-velocity dispersion regime to produce signal and idler fields that are frequency degenerate. Our theoretical modeling shows that this regime enables generation of bimodal phase states, analogous to the \c{hi}(2)-based degenerate OPO. Our system offers potential for realization of CMOS-chip-based coherent optical computing and an all-optical quantum random number generator.
On a complete topological inverse polycyclic monoid
Creators: name: Bardyla, Serhii
name: Gutik, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A15, 22A26, 54A10, 54D25, 54D35, 54H11

description: We give sufficient conditions when a topological inverse $λ$-polycyclic monoid $P_λ$ is absolutely $H$-closed in the class of topological inverse semigroups. Also, for every infinite cardinal $λ$ we construct the coarsest semigroup inverse topology $τ_{mi}$ on $P_λ$ and give an example of a topological inverse monoid S which contains the polycyclic monoid $P_2$ as a dense discrete subsemigroup.
description: 10 pages
Common-mode rejection in Martin-Puplett spectrometers for astronomical observations at mm-wavelengths
Creators: name: D'Alessandro, Giuseppe
name: de Bernardis, Paolo
name: Masi, Silvia
name: Schillaci, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Martin-Puplett interferometer (MPI) is a differential Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS), measuring the difference between spectral brightness at two input ports. This unique feature makes the MPI an optimal zero instrument, able to detect small brightness gradients embeddend in a large common background. In this paper we investigate experimentally the common-mode rejection achievable in the MPI at mm wavelengths, and discuss the use of the instrument to measure the spectrum of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy.
Generation of \c{hi}2 solitons from the Airy wave through the parametric instability
Creators: name: Mayteevarunyoo, Thawatchai
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous creation of solitons in quadratic media by the downconversion, i.e., parametric instability against the generation of fundamental-frequency excitations, from the truncated Airy-wave (AW) mode in the second-harmonic component is studied. Parameter regions are identified for the generation of one, two, and three solitons, with additional small-amplitude "jets". Shares of the total power carried by individual solitons are found. Also considered are soliton patterns generated by the downconversion from a pair of AWs bending in opposite directions.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, Optics Letters, in press
Commiphora gileadensis C. Chr.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Burseraceae
Commiphora
Commiphora gileadensis

description: Amyris gileadensis Linnaeus, Opobalsamum Declaratum: 13. 1764. "Habitat in Arabia felici." RCN: 2683. Type not designated. Original material: none traced. Current name:  Commiphora gileadensis (L.) C. Chr. (Burseraceae). Note: Specific epithet spelled “giliadensis” in the protologue.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Validation of Weather Generator outputs
Creators: name: Unknown
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: The purpose of this technical note is to provide additional Weather Generator (WG) validation plots to supplement those found in Chapters 1 and 3 of the UKCP09 Weather Generator Report. In this note, a further nine stations spread over the UK (see Figure 1 and Table 1) are included to give a variety of climate types. All plots are produced using the same methodology described in Chapters 1 and 3. Additional plots of extreme indices are also included here, plotted from statistics produced by the STARDEX indices software – see Table 2 for definitions.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1345/ Main files in this record: tech_note_on_weather_generator_validation.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Kate Winfield. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Distributed User Association in Energy Harvesting Small Cell Networks: A Probabilistic Model
Creators: name: Maghsudi, Setareh
name: Hossain, Ekram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a distributed downlink user association problem in a small cell network, where small cells obtain the required energy for providing wireless services to users through ambient energy harvesting. Since energy harvesting is opportunistic in nature, the amount of harvested energy is a random variable, without any a priori known characteristics. Moreover, since users arrive in the network randomly and require different wireless services, the energy consumption is a random variable as well. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic framework to mathematically model and analyze the random behavior of energy harvesting and energy consumption in dense small cell networks. Furthermore, as acquiring (even statistical) channel and network knowledge is very costly in a distributed dense network, we develop a bandit-theoretical formulation for distributed user association when no information is available at users
description: 27 Pages, Single-Column
Overcoming Bifurcation Instability in High-Repetition-Rate Ho:YLF Regenerative Amplifiers
Creators: name: Kroetz, Peter
name: Ruehl, Axel
name: Chatterjee, Gourab
name: Calendron, Anne-Laure
name: Murari, Krishna
name: Cankaya, Huseyin
name: Li, Peng
name: Kaertner, Franz X.
name: Hartl, Ingmar
name: Miller, R. J. Dwayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier (RA) overcoming bifurcation instability and consequently achieving high extraction energies of 6.9 mJ at a repetition rate of 1 kHz with pulse-to-pulse fluctuations of 1.1%. Measurements of the output pulse energy, corroborated by numerical simulations, identify an operation point that allows high-energy pulse extraction at a minimum noise level. Complete suppression of the onset of bifurcation was achieved by gain saturation after each pumping cycle in the Ho:YLF crystal via lowering the repetition rate and cooling the crystal. Even for moderate cooling, a significant temperature dependence of the Ho:YLF RA performance was observed.
Temperature and Electric Field Induced Metal-Insulator Transition in Atomic Layer Deposited Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films
Creators: name: Tadjer, Marko J.
name: Wheeler, Virginia D.
name: Downey, Brian P.
name: Robinson, Zachary R.
name: Meyer, David J.
name: Eddy,, Charles R.
name: Kub, Fritz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous vanadium dioxide (VO$_{2}$) films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) were crystallized with an ex situ anneal at 660-670 $°$C for 1-2 hours under a low oxygen pressure (10$^{-4}$ to 10$^{-5}$ Torr). Under these conditions the crystalline VO$_{2}$ phase was maintained, while formation of the V$_{2}$O$_{5}$ phase was suppressed. Electrical transition from the insulator to the metallic phase was observed in the 37-60 $°$C range, with a R$_{ON}$/R$_{OFF}$ ratio of up to about 750 and critical transition temperature of 7-10 $°$C. Electric field applied across two-terminal device structures induced a reversible phase change, with a room temperature transition field of about 25 kV/cm in the VO$_{2}$ sample processed with the 2 hr long anneal. Both the width and slope of the field induced MIT hysteresis were dependent upon the VO$_{2}$ crystalline quality.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Commiphora opobalsamum Engl.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Burseraceae
Commiphora
Commiphora opobalsamum

description: Amyris opobalsamum Linnaeus, Opobalsamum Declaratum: 14. 1764. "Habitat in Arbia [sic]" RCN: 2684. Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Alpino, De Plantis Aegypti: 48, 60. 1640. Current name:  Commiphora opobalsamum (L.) Engl. (Burseraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Modifying the optical path in a nonlinear double-slit experiment
Creators: name: Paltoglou, Vassilis
name: Efremidis, Nikolaos K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we study a nonlinear interferometric setup based on diffraction rather than beam combining. It consists of a nonlinear analogue of Young's double-slit experiment where a nonlinear material is placed exactly after one of the slits. The presence of nonlinearity breaks the transverse spatial symmetry of the system and thus modifies the optical path. For moderate nonlinearities this leads to a self-induced shift of the intensity pattern in the transverse plane. A simple theoretical model is developed which is surprisingly accurate in predicting the intensity profile of the main lobes for a wide range of parameters. We discuss about possible applications of our model in nonlinear interferometry, for example in measuring the nonlinearities of optical materials.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Understanding transport simulations of heavy-ion collisions at 100 and 400 AMeV: Comparison of heavy ion transport codes under controlled conditions
Creators: name: Xu, Jun
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Tsang, ManYee Betty
name: Wolter, Hermann
name: Zhang, Ying-Xun
name: Aichelin, Joerg
name: Colonna, Maria
name: Cozma, Dan
name: Danielewicz, Pawel
name: Feng, Zhao-Qing
name: Fevre, Arnaud Le
name: Gaitanos, Theodoros
name: Hartnack, Christoph
name: Kim, Kyungil
name: Kim, Youngman
name: Ko, Che-Ming
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Li, Qing-Feng
name: Li, Zhu-Xia
name: Napolitani, Paolo
name: Ono, Akira
name: Papa, Massimo
name: Song, Taesoo
name: Su, Jun
name: Tian, Jun-Long
name: Wang, Ning
name: Wang, Yong-Jia
name: Weil, Janus
name: Xie, Wen-Jie
name: Zhang, Feng-Shou
name: Zhang, Guo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport simulations are very valuable for extracting physics information from heavy-ion collision experiments. With the emergence of many different transport codes in recent years, it becomes important to estimate their robustness in extracting physics information from experiments. We report on the results of a transport code comparison project. 18 commonly used transport codes were included in this comparison: 9 Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck-type codes and 9 Quantum-Molecular-Dynamics-type codes. These codes have been required to simulate Au+Au collisions using the same physics input for mean fields and for in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections, as well as the same initialization set-up, the impact parameter, and other calculational parameters at 100 and 400 AMeV incident energy. Among the codes we compare one-body observables such as rapidity and transverse flow distributions. We also monitor non-observables such as the initialization of the internal states of colliding nuclei and their stability, the collision rates and the Pauli blocking. We find that not completely identical initializations constitute partly for different evolutions. Different strategies to determine the collision probabilities, and to enforce the Pauli blocking, also produce considerably different results. There is a substantial spread in the predictions for the observables, which is much smaller at the higher incident energy. We quantify the uncertainties in the collective flow resulting from the simulation alone as about $30\%$ at 100 AMeV and $13\%$ at 400 AMeV, respectively. We propose further steps within the code comparison project to test the different aspects of transport simulations in a box calculation of infinite nuclear matter. This should, in particular, improve the robustness of transport model predictions at lower incident energies where abundant amounts of data are available.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, a manuscript on the heavy-ion collision part of transport code comparison project
Line tension and morphology of a sessile droplet on a spherical substrate
Creators: name: Iwamatsu, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of line tension on the morphology of a sessile droplet placed on top of a convex spherical substrate are studied. The morphology of the droplet is determined from the global minimum of the Helmholtz free energy. The contact angle between the droplet and the spherical substrate is expressed by the generalized Young's formula. When the line tension is positive and large, the contact angle jumps discontinuously to $180^{\circ}$, the circular contact line shrinks towards the top of the substrate, and the droplet detaches from the substrate, forming a spherical droplet if the substrate is hydrophobic (i.e., the Young's contact angle is large). This finding is consistent with that predicted by Widom [J. Phys. Chem. {\bf 99}, 2803 (1995)]; the line tension induces a drying transition on a flat substrate. On the other hand, the contact angle jumps to $0^{\circ}$, the circular contact line shrinks towards the bottom of the substrate, and the droplet spreads over the substrate to form a wrapped spherical droplet if the substrate is hydrophilic (i.e., the Young's contact angle is small). Therefore, not only the drying transition of a cap-shaped to a detached spherical droplet but also the wetting transition of a cap-shaped to a wrapped spherical droplet could occur on a spherical substrate as the surface area of the substrate is finite. When the line tension is negative and its magnitude increases, the contact line asymptotically approaches the equator from either above or below. The droplet with a contact line that coincides with the equator is an isolated, singular solution of the first variational problem. In this instance, the contact line is pinned and cannot move as far as the line tension is smaller than the critical magnitude, where the wetting transition occurs.
description: 25 oages, 13 figures, Physical Review E to be published
Towards optimization of pulsed sodium laser guide stars
Creators: name: Rampy, Rachel
name: Gavel, Donald
name: Rochester, Simon M.
name: Holzlohner, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsed sodium laser guide stars (LGS) are useful because they allow for Rayleigh blanking and fratricide avoidance in multiple-LGS systems. Bloch-equation simulations of sodium-light interactions show that these may be able to achieve photon returns nearly equal to, and in some cases greater than, what is seen from continuous-wave (CW) excitation. In this work, we study the time-dependent characteristics of sodium fluorescence, and investigate the optimal format for the new fiber laser LGS that will be part of the upgraded adaptive optics (AO) system on the Shane telescope at Mt. Hamilton. Results of this analysis are examined in the context of their general applicability to other LGS systems and the potential benefits of uplink correction are considered. Comparisons of simulation predictions with measurements from existing LGS are also presented and discussed.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted by JOSA B
New Professional Standards Framework Dimensions of Practice and Descriptors Overview
Creators: name: Fox, Bianca
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership
classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education

description: An overview of the dimensions of practice and descriptors outlined in the new Professional Standards framework for teaching and supporting learning in higher education (Advance HE, 2023).
 Useful resource for those working on their fellowship application.
Protium javanicum Burm.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Burseraceae
Protium
Protium javanicum

description: Amyris protium Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 266; Mantissa Plantarum: 65. 1767. "Habitat in India orientali." RCN: 3686. Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Rumphius, Herb. Amboin. Auct.: 54, t. 23, f. 1. 1755. Current name:  Protium javanicum Burm. f. (Burseraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Exact two-dimensionalization of rapidly rotating large-Reynolds-number flows
Creators: name: Gallet, Basile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the flow of a Newtonian fluid in a three-dimensional domain, rotating about a vertical axis and driven by a vertically invariant horizontal body-force. This system admits vertically invariant solutions that satisfy the 2D Navier-Stokes equation. At high Reynolds number and without global rotation, such solutions are usually unstable to three-dimensional perturbations. By contrast, for strong enough global rotation, we prove rigorously that the 2D (and possibly turbulent) solutions are stable to vertically dependent perturbations: the flow becomes 2D in the long-time limit. These results shed some light on several fundamental questions of rotating turbulence: for arbitrary Reynolds number and small enough Rossby number, the system is attracted towards purely 2D flow solutions, which display no energy dissipation anomaly and no cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry. Finally, these results challenge the applicability of wave turbulence theory to describe stationary rotating turbulence in bounded domains.
description: To be published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Formation Mechanism of Laser-Driven Magnetized "Pillars of Creation"
Creators: name: Lei, Zhu
name: Wang, Lifeng
name: Li, Jiwei
name: Zou, Shiyang
name: Wu, Junfeng
name: Zhao, Zhonghai
name: Sun, Wei
name: Yuan, Wenqiang
name: Li, Longxing
name: Yan, Zheng
name: Li, Jun
name: Ye, Wenhua
name: He, Xiantu
name: Qiao, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pillars of Creation, one of the most recognized objects in the sky, are believed to be associated with the formation of young stars. However, so far, the formation and maintenance mechanism for the pillars are still not fully understood due to the complexity of the nonlinear radiation magneto-hydrodynamics (RMHD). Here, assuming laboratory laser-driven conditions, we studied the self-consistent dynamics of pillar structures in magnetic fields by means of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) RMHD simulations, and these results also support our proposed experimental scheme. We find only when the magnetic pressure and ablation pressure are comparable, the magnetic field can significantly alter the plasma hydrodynamics. For medium magnetized cases ($β_{initial} \approx 3.5$), {the initial magnetic fields undergo compression and amplification. This amplification results in the magnetic pressure inside the pillar becoming large enough to support the sides of the pillar against radial collapse due to pressure from the surrounding hot plasma. This effect is particularly pronounced for the parallel component ($B_y$), which is consistent with observational results.} In contrast, a strong perpendicular ($B_x, B_z$) magnetic field ($β_{initial} < 1$) almost remains its initial distribution and significantly suppresses the expansion of blow-off gas plasma, leading to the inability to form pillar-like structures. The 3D simulations suggest that the bending at the head of `Column \uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral1}' in pillars of creation may be due to the non-parallel magnetic fields. After similarity scaling transformation, our results can be applied to explain the formation and maintenance mechanism of the pillars, and can also provide useful information for future experimental designs.
Dynamical friction for supersonic motion in a homogeneous gaseous medium
Creators: name: Thun, Daniel
name: Kuiper, Rolf
name: Schmidt, Franziska
name: Kley, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supersonic motion of gravitating objects through a gaseous medium constitutes a classical problem in theoretical astrophysics. Its application covers a broad range of objects and scales from planets up to galaxies. Especially the dynamical friction, caused by the forming wake behind the object, plays an important role for the dynamics of the system. To calculate the dynamical friction, standard formulae, based on linear theory are often used. It is our goal to check the general validity of these formulae and provide suitable expressions for the dynamical friction acting on the moving object, based on the basic physical parameters of the problem. We perform sequences of high resolution numerical studies of rigid bodies moving supersonically through a homogeneous medium, and calculate the total drag acting on the object, which is the sum of gravitational and hydro drag. We study cases without gravity with purely hydrodynamical drag, as well as gravitating objects. From the final equilibrium state of the simulations, we compute for gravitating objects the dynamical friction by direct numerical integration of the gravitational pull acting on the embedded object. The numerical experiments confirm the known scaling laws for the dependence of the dynamical friction on the basic physical parameters as derived in earlier semi-analytical studies. As a new important result we find that the shock's stand-off distance is revealed as the minimum spatial interaction scale of dynamical friction. Below this radius, the gas settles into a hydrostatic state, which causes no net gravitational pull onto the moving body. Finally, we derive an analytic estimate for the stand-off distance that can be used to calculate the dynamical friction force.
description: 17 pages, 30 figures
Data-Driven Dynamic Decision Models
Creators: name: Nay, John J.
name: Gilligan, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article outlines a method for automatically generating models of dynamic decision-making that both have strong predictive power and are interpretable in human terms. This is useful for designing empirically grounded agent-based simulations and for gaining direct insight into observed dynamic processes. We use an efficient model representation and a genetic algorithm-based estimation process to generate simple approximations that explain most of the structure of complex stochastic processes. This method, implemented in C++ and R, scales well to large data sets. We apply our methods to empirical data from human subjects game experiments and international relations. We also demonstrate the method's ability to recover known data-generating processes by simulating data with agent-based models and correctly deriving the underlying decision models for multiple agent models and degrees of stochasticity.
description: Published in the Proceedings of the 2015 Winter Simulation Conference
The force on a body in active matter
Creators: name: Yan, Wen
name: Brady, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general theory for determining the force (and torque) exerted on a boundary (or body) in active matter. The theory extends the description of passive Brownian colloids to self-propelled active particles and applies for all ratios of the thermal energy $k_BT$ to the swimmer's activity $k_sT_s = ζU_0^2τ_R/6$, where $ζ$ is the Stokes drag coefficient, $U_0$ is the swim speed and $τ_R$ is the reorientation time of the active particles. The theory has a natural microscopic length scale over which concentration and orientation distributions are confined near boundaries, but the microscopic length does not appear in the force. The swim pressure emerges naturally and dominates the behavior when the boundary size is large compared to the swimmer's run length $\ell = U_0τ_R$. The theory is used to predict the motion of bodies of all sizes immersed in active matter.
description: JFM Rapids