cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative scaling of magnetic avalanches
Creators: name: Durin, G.
name: Bohn, F.
name: Correa, M. A.
name: Sommer, R. L.
name: Doussal, P. Le
name: Wiese, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide the first quantitative comparison between Barkhausen-noise experiments and recent predictions from the theory of avalanches for pinned interfaces, both in and beyond mean-field. We study different classes of soft magnetic materials: polycrystals and amorphous samples, characterized by long-range and short-range elasticity, respectively; both for thick and thin samples, i.e. with and without eddy currents. The temporal avalanche shape at fixed size, and observables related to the joint distribution of sizes and durations are analyzed in detail. Both long-range and short-range samples with no eddy currents are fitted extremely well by the theoretical predictions. In particular, the short-range samples provide the first reliable test of the theory beyond mean field. The thick samples show systematic deviations from the scaling theory, providing unambiguous signatures for the presence of eddy currents.
description: v1: 5 pages, 6 figures; Supplemental Materials, 5 pages, 6 figures. v2+v3: updated version as published in PRL. v3: 8 pages, 12 figures. v3 corrects errors induced by a bug in assembling the pdf-files
title: Pneumocystis Jiroveci: Imaging Findings on HRCT
Creators: name: Palominos Pose, Diego
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Education
subject: Image compression
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Explain the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of Pneumocystis Jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Describe the radiographic findings of PCP on HRCT. Review the differential diagnosis with other entities that show similar...
Tunable generation of entangled photons in a nonlinear directional coupler
Creators: name: Setzpfandt, Frank
name: Solntsev, Alexander S.
name: Titchener, James
name: Wu, Che Wen
name: Xiong, Chunle
name: Schiek, Roland
name: Pertsch, Thomas
name: Neshev, Dragomir N.
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The on-chip integration of quantum light sources has enabled the realization of complex quantum photonic circuits. However, for the practical implementation of such circuits in quantum information applications it is crucial to develop sources delivering entangled quantum photon states with on-demand tunability. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate the concept of a widely tunable quantum light source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear directional coupler. We show that spatial photon-pair correlations and entanglement can be reconfigured on-demand by tuning the phase difference between the pump beams and the phase mismatch inside the structure. We demonstrate the generation of split states, robust N00N states, various intermediate regimes and biphoton steering. This fundamental scheme provides an important advance towards the realization of reconfigurable quantum circuitry.
title: Adrenal Tumors: A Radiologic pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Nogueira, Miguel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To briefly review the physiology and histology of the adrenal gland. To depict the most common adrenal tumors including adrenal cortical adenoma, pheochromocytoma and adrenal cortical carcinoma using a radiologic-pathologic correlation. To discuss...
Perspectives on an Adolescent Reproductive Health Education Program in Rural Guatemala
Creators: name: Garland, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This paper summarizes a qualitative research project that investigated the needs and perspectives for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education programs among people in two rural communities in Guatemala. The ultimate goal of the study is to determine how the Organization for the Development of the Indigenous Maya (ODIM) should proceed with a SRH curriculum. This research was carried out using individual in-depth interviews and direct observation of 18 participants from the two communities, made up of a cross section of demographic characteristics. Five themes emerged from the research. 1. SRH improves quality of life SRH education is a vital part of life. Without it, people do not understand their bodies and cannot make healthy choices. 2. Lack of Knowledge of SRH Topics Many study participants responded to questions that they simply did not know the answer but they wanted to know. All participants agreed that there should be a SRH education program for youth. 3. Lack of Community Resources There is a strong lack of community resources in these two communities, especially SRH resources. Study participants who were interviewed expressed concerns over this and want these resources to live healthier lives. 4. The Value of Respect in SRH Education Respect is a large part of the community culture and a value that people encompass in their daily lives. 5. Parent Involvement in SRH Education The need for parental involvement is great as noted by participant’s saying they want their parents involved in their SRH or youth participants letting their parents sit in on their interviews. It is clear from the themes that people in these communities feel that they need a SRH curriculum, specifically from ODIM. This research study demonstrates the importance and the need for comprehensive SRH curricula. It also identified areas for special consideration in designing such programs and the need for further research, including the need to understand how to carry out such programs utilizing the most effective health education techniques to how to overcome stigmas that exist regarding sexual and reproductive health.
title: Excisional biopsy or long term follow-up results in breast high-risk lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy
Creators: name: Okcu, Özlem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Surgery
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: This study aims to retrospectively assess the results of surgical excision versus long-term imaging follow-upof high-riskbreast lesions after the diagnosis on core-needlebiopsy (CNB) and to discuss the results in association with the review of the...
Star Formation Suppression in Compact Group Galaxies: A New Path to Quenching?
Creators: name: Alatalo, K.
name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Bitsakis, T.
name: Lanz, L.
name: Lacy, M.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Cluver, M.
name: Dopita, M. A.
name: Guillard, P.
name: Jarrett, T.
name: Kewley, L. J.
name: Nyland, K.
name: Ogle, P. M.
name: Rasmussen, J.
name: Rich, J. A.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Xu, C. K.
name: Yun, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CO(1-0) maps of 12 warm H$_2$-selected Hickson Compact Groups (HCGs), covering 14 individually imaged warm H$_2$ bright galaxies, with CARMA. We found a variety of molecular gas distributions within the HCGs, including regularly rotating disks, bars, rings, tidal tails, and possibly nuclear outflows, though the molecular gas morphologies are more consistent with spirals and early-type galaxies than mergers and interacting systems. Our CO-imaged HCG galaxies show star formation suppression of $\langle$S$\rangle$=10$\pm$5, distributed bimodally, with five objects exhibiting suppressions of S$\gtrsim$10 and depletion timescales $\gtrsim$10Gyr. This star formation inefficiency is also seen in the efficiency per freefall time. We investigate the gas-to-dust ratios of these galaxies to determine if an incorrect conversion caused the apparent suppression and find that HCGs have normal ratios. It is likely that the cause of the suppression in these objects is associated with shocks injecting turbulence into the molecular gas. Galaxies with high star formation suppression (S$\gtrsim$10) also appear to be those in the most advanced stages of transition across optical and infrared color space. This supports the idea that some galaxies in HCGs are transitioning objects, where a disruption of the existing molecular gas in the system suppresses star formation by inhibiting the molecular gas from collapsing and forming stars efficiently. These observations, combined with recent work on poststarburst galaxies with molecular reservoirs, indicates that galaxies do not need to expel their molecular reservoirs prior to quenching star formation and transitioning from blue spirals to red early-type galaxies. This may imply that star formation quenching can occur without the need to starve a galaxy of cold gas first.
description: 29 pages, 7 main figures, 13 appendix figure pages, 4 tables, accepted by ApJ
Imaging unconscious semantic primingM042020
Creators: name: Berger, Urs
name: Studer, Dieter
name: Wicki, Samuel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This project implements Exeriment 1 of Dehaene et al., 1998 (DOI:10.1038/26967) as an online experiment. The project is part of graded student work to fullfill the requirements of a course on information & communication technology in research. The registration serves the purpose that student-groups and instructors can evaluate the project and comment the materials provided.
Fluctuations of cell geometry and their non-equilibrium thermodynamics in living epithelial tissue
Creators: name: Olenik, Mark
name: Turley, Jake
name: Cross, Stephen
name: Weavers, Helen
name: Martin, Paul
name: Chenchiah, Isaac
name: Liverpool, Tanniemola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure different contributions to entropy production in a living functional epithelial tissue. We do this by extracting the functional dynamics of development while at the same time quantifying fluctuations. Using the translucent Drosophila melanogaster pupal epithelium as an ideal tissue for high resolution live imaging [1], we measure the entropy associated with the stochastic geometry of cells in the epithelium. This is done using a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the shape and orientation of individual cells which enables separation of local and global aspects of the tissue behaviour. We find intriguingly that we can observe irreversible dynamics in the cell geometries but without a change in the entropy associated with those degrees of freedom, showing that there is a flow of energy into those degrees of freedom. Hence the living system is controlling how the entropy is being produced and partitioned into its different parts.
title: Usefulness of decision making tools for traumatic head CT
Creators: name: Tan, Teng Han
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: A significant number of cerebral computed tomography examinations (head CTs) are requested for patients presenting to the emergency department for head injury, with a high percentage of normal studies. There are established decision making rules to...
British Gallup Poll CQ 882A
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Michael Foot job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); David Owen job performance (1); party support (2); 1983 General Election (2); government price control (1); rising prices stoppable (1); government's economic policies (2); wages (1); food prices (1); wages compared to food prices (1); money left after necessary expenses (1); social problems (1); video cassette recorder (2); letter/card sending (3); letter/card sending agreement (10); letter/card ads (5); ads knowledge (2); knowledge of hair colorants (2) hair colorant ads (1); hair colorant use (1); Glints use/satisfaction (6).
title: Common and uncommon non traumatic lesions on the skull in children
Creators: name: Sanchez Aragón, Mª del Mar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review different non traumatic pathologies on scalp and skull in pediatrics groups. Ilustrate radiological characteristics of such...
Operational Characterization of Divisibility of Dynamical Maps
Creators: name: Bae, Joonwoo
name: Chruscinski, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Divisibility of dynamical maps turns out to be a fundamental notion in characterising Markovianity of quantum evolution, although the decision problem for divisibility itself is computationally intractable. In this work, we propose the operational characterisation of divisibility of dynamical maps by exploiting distinguishability of quantum channels. We prove that distinguishability for any pair of quantum channels does not increase under divisible maps, and then, in terms of channel distinguishability with entanglement between system and $k$-dimensional ancillas, provide the operational characterization for the full hierarchy of the so-called $k$-divisiblity $(k=1,2,\ldots)$. Finally, from the fact that min-entropy corresponds to the information-theoretic measure of distinguishability, the entropic characterisation to divisible maps is also provided.
description: 6pages, 2 figures
Generation of modulated magnetic structure based on cluster multipole: Application to $α$-Mn and Co$M_3$S$_6$
Creators: name: Yanagi, Yuki
name: Kusunose, Hiroaki
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Suzuki, Michi-To
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic method to automatically generate symmetry-adapted magnetic structures for given crystal structure and general propagation vector k as an efficient approach of the analysis of complex modulated magnetic structures. The method is developed as an extension of the generation scheme based on multipole expansion, which was demonstrated only for the propagation vector k=0 [M.-T. Suzuki et al., Phys. Rev. B 99, 174407 (2019)]. The symmetry-adapted magnetic structures characterized with an ordering vector k are obtained by mapping the multipole magnetic alignments on a virtual cluster to the periodic crystal structure with the phase factor for the wave vector k. This method provides all magnetic bases compatible with irreducible representations under k-group for given crystal structure and wave vector k. Multiple-k magnetic structures are derived from superposition of single-k magnetic bases related with space group symmetry. We apply the scheme to deduce the magnetic structures of $α$-Mn and Co$M_{3}$S$_6$ (M = Nb, Ta), in which large anomalous Hall effect has recently been observed in antiferromagnetic phases, and identify the magnetic structures inducing anomalous Hall effect without net magnetization. The physical phenomena originating from emergent multipoles in the ordered phases are also discussed based on the Landau theory.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
British Gallup Poll CQ 883B
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Michael Foot job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); David Owen job performance (1); party support (2); 1983 General Election (2); economic development (2); prices (1); personal financial development (2); time to buy (1); ability to make ends meet (1); unemployment level (1); cost of living (1); major purchasing (1); saving likelihood (1); time to save (1); media coverage (1); Great Enigmas interest (13); investigation technique interest (7); parties favor leaving Common Market (4); Conservatives handling Common Market (1); European Parliament elections (3); portable color television (5); Northern Ireland vacation (1); interest in astronomy (22); astronomy opinions (5); astronomy personalities (6); astronomy encyclopedia interest (1).
Emergency Department Medical Directors’ Knowledge of Medicare Payment Policies for Inpatient Admissions
Creators: name: Owens, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Introduction: The policies governing Medicare reimbursement for inpatient admissions affect admission status for older adults. These rules strongly influence the willingness of hospital providers to accept patients from the emergency department. We contend that emergency physicians have limited knowledge of these rules, and that knowledge is tied to how EM medical directors would manage patients in hypothetical cases designed to be inappropriate for admission under current Medicare guidelines. Methods: We administered an online survey to emergency department medical directors presenting two hypothetical cases designed to miss one or both of the Medicare severity of illness and intensity of service criteria. The cases also raised issues of 30-day readmissions penalties and condition at presentation vs. admission. We asked Respondents questions about the applicability of Medicare rules to the cases, how they would manage the patients, and what case management resources they use or could use in managing these patients. Results: Sixty-two medical directors of the 1,460 reached via the Medical Directors listserv completed the survey. Overall, knowledge of Medicare admissions guidelines was limited, with the average respondent answering 56.3% (S.D. 13.1) of questions correctly. We found no correlation between two kinds of Medicare knowledge, that of of the intensity of service/severity of illness rules, and knowledge of the rules governing 30-day readmissions. Physicians with greater knowledge were less likely to recommend inpatient admissions that Medicare guidelines would consider inappropriate. They were also more likely to recommend skilled nursing placement over inpatient admission in a hypothetical case that would qualify for skilled nursing, but not inpatient care(p=0.02). Conclusion: Knowledge of Medicare admission and readmission rules among emergency department medical directors is limited, and stronger knowledge is associated with more likely recommendations for appropriate care, and may be associated with a reduction in social admissions. This pilot study successfully identified targets for further inquiry including the role of case management in preventing social admissions for injured older adults and the identification of predictors of EM physician awareness of Medicare inpatient payment policies.
title: Dorsal dermal sinus in children
Creators: name: Marjanovic, Josip
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Congenital
subject: Fistula
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe dorsal dermal sinus (DDS), the associated spinal findings and its complications. Cutaneous stigmata around DDS are easily detected in infants and should initiate a radiological work up of the spine, to include a spinal ultrasound...
Pew Research Center: March 2009 Political Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Barack Obama job performance (1); Congressional Republicans (1); Congressional Democrats (1); Barack Obama (6); Republican party (1); Rush Limbaugh (1); size of government (2); free market economy (1); economic conditions (3); financial situation (1); material luxuries (8); Obama's economic plans (9); issues (4); stem cell research (2); health care system (1); economic stimulus plan (5); opinion of government bailout (4); investing in stock market (1); home buying (1).
title: Morphological change of midbrain measured in fractal dimension analysis correlates midbrain atrophy in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies
Creators: name: Nakatsuka, Tomoya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dementia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the second most common type of degenerative dementia is pathologically characterized by alpha-synuclein inclusions in the brainstem, subcortical nuclei, limbic and neocortical regions [1, 2]. The central feature of...
Feasibility of a Quantification of Blood Loss Protocol for Vaginal Deliveries
Creators: name: Antono, Andreas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: As standard practice, labor and delivery providers determine blood loss after a vaginal delivery via subjective visual estimation. This method is known to be inaccurate, which can delay the diagnosis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. To combat this, several patient safety and quality care groups have recommended the quantification of cumulative blood loss for every vaginal delivery as part of a comprehensive maternal hemorrhage protocol. University of North Carolina Hospitals in Chapel Hill, NC has discussed a pilot for a new quantification of blood loss (QBL) strategy as part of an updated obstetric hemorrhage protocol. At the time of this writing, they have yet to incorporate QBL into clinical practice in the labor and delivery unit. Objectives: To gather input from key stakeholders within the labor and delivery unit to determine the feasibility and likelihood of adopting a quantification of blood loss strategy as standard practice for vaginal deliveries at UNC Hospitals. Also, to identify the barriers of and facilitators to implementing such a protocol at UNC. Methods: I conducted 7 key stakeholder interviews with individuals who play key roles in the delivery of obstetric care at UNC Hospitals. Respondents included staff nurses, resident physicians, faculty/attending physicians, and health care leadership, all of whom contribute to clinical care in the labor and delivery unit. I then analyzed transcripts of each interview to find common themes within the participants’ answers.Findings: Five out of 6 (83.33%) stakeholders had negative views of visual estimation (VEBL) as standard practice for determining blood loss after a vaginal delivery. Only 2/7 (28.57%) believed that VEBL was sufficient for patient care. Not one stakeholder (0/7) thought VEBL was easy for providers. All providers (5/5) responding to a question about current QBL use reported infrequent quantification of blood loss in UNC’s labor and delivery. Some barriers to implementation of routine QBL reported by stakeholders included time and education of providers on new techniques. Four providers were knowledgeable about a proposed update to the UNC OB hemorrhage protocol that would include routine QBL as a new guideline.  Conclusion: Leaders have convened an OB hemorrhage task force that is currently working to introduce an update to the UNC obstetric hemorrhage protocol. Changes to the clinical guidance include a strategy for QBL with routine use of calibrated collector bags and gravimetric measurement for high-risk blood loss. The stakeholder interviews show positive attitudes towards implementing change, so long as it is evidence-based and beneficial to the patients. Given buy-in from proper parties, a transition to routine QBL is likely feasible at UNC Hospitals’ labor and delivery unit.
title: Diagnostic Evaluation of the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast masses for the Sonoelastographic Strain ratio measurement :Comparison of MRI-CAD kinetic curve patterns
Creators: name: Jo, hee-jeong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Cancer
subject: CAD
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: CAD
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Sonoelastography is a dynamic imaging technique that uses sonography to provide an estimate of tissue stiffness by measuring the degree of deformation under the application of an external force. This technique is based on the principle that the soft...
Gluon shadowing effects on J/psi and Upsilon production in p+Pb collisions at sqrt s_NN = 115 GeV and Pb+p collisions at sqrt s_NN = 72 GeV at AFTER@LHC
Creators: name: Vogt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effects of shadowing on inclusive J/psi and Upsilon(1S) production at AFTER@LHC. We also present the rates as a function of p_T and rapidity for p+Pb and Pb+p collisions in the proposed AFTER@LHC rapidity acceptance.
description: in Advances in High Energy Physics, vol. 2015, Article ID 492302
The feeble giant. Discovery of a large and diffuse Milky Way dwarf galaxy in the constellation of Crater
Creators: name: Torrealba, G.
name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Irwin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce the discovery of the Crater 2 dwarf galaxy, identified in imaging data of the VST ATLAS survey. Given its half-light radius of ~1100 pc, Crater 2 is the fourth largest dwarf in the Milky Way, surpassed only by the LMC, SMC and the Sgr dwarf. With a total luminosity of $M_V\approx-8$, this satellite galaxy is also one of the lowest surface brightness dwarfs. Falling under the nominal detection boundary of 30 mag arcsec$^{-2}$, it compares in nebulosity to the recently discovered Tuc 2 and Tuc IV and UMa II. Crater 2 is located ~120 kpc from the Sun and appears to be aligned in 3-D with the enigmatic globular cluster Crater, the pair of ultra-faint dwarfs Leo IV and Leo V and the classical dwarf Leo II. We argue that such arrangement is probably not accidental and, in fact, can be viewed as the evidence for the accretion of the Crater-Leo group.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRAS; v2 small fixes; v3 accepted version;v4 Added ESO program
Topological frequency conversion in Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Nathan, Frederik
name: Martin, Ivar
name: Refael, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically predict a new working principle for optical amplification, based on Weyl semimetals: when a Weyl semimetal is suitably irradiated at two frequencies, electrons close to the Weyl points convert energy between the frequencies through the mechanism of topological frequency conversion from [Martin et al, PRX 7 041008 (2017)]. Each electron converts energy at a quantized rate given by an integer multiple of Planck's constant multiplied by the product of the two frequencies. In simulations, we show that optimal, but feasible band structures can support topological frequency conversion in the "THz gap" at intensities down to $ 2{\rm W}/{\rm mm^2}$; the gain from the effect can exceed the dissipative loss when the frequencies are larger than the relaxation time of the system. Topological frequency conversion provides a new paradigm for optical amplification, and further extends Weyl semimetals' promise for technological applications.
description: Added new section on phase-array amplifier and plasmon-enhanced frequency conversion
The origin of dust extinction curves with or without the 2175 A bump in galaxies: The case of the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
name: Tsujimoto, Takuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively) are observed to have characteristic dust extinction curves that are quite different from those of the Galaxy (e.g., strength of the 2175 A bump). Although the dust composition and size distribution of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) that can self-consistently explain their observed extinction curves have been already proposed, it remain unclear whether and how the required dust properties can be achieved in the formation histories of the MCs. We therefore investigate the time evolution of the dust properties of the MCs and thereby derive their extinction curves using one-zone chemical evolution models with formation and evolution of small and large silicate and carbonaceous dust grains and dusty winds associated with starburst events. We find that the observed SMC extinction curve without a conspicuous 2175 A bump can be reproduced well by our SMC model, if the small carbon grains can be selectively lost through the dust wind during the latest starburst about 0.2 Gyr ago. We also find that the LMC extinction curve with a weak 2175 A bump can be reproduced by our LMC model with less efficient removal of dust through dust wind. We discuss possible physical reasons for different dust wind efficiencies between silicate and graphite and among galaxies.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures, accepted for the publication in ApJ
Sharp resolvent estimate for the Baouendi-Grushin operator and applications
Creators: name: Arnaiz, Victor
name: Sun, Chenmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study the semiclassical resolvent estimate for the non-selfadjoint Baouendi-Grushin operator on the two-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^2=\mathbb{R}^2/(2π\mathbb{Z})^2$ with Hölder dampings. The operator is subelliptic degenerating along the vertical direction at $x=0$. We exhibit three different situations: (i) the damping region verifies the geometric control condition with respect to both the non-degenerate Hamiltonian flow and the vertical subelliptic flow; (ii) the undamped region contains a horizontal strip; (iii) the undamped part is a line. In all of these situations, we obtain sharp resolvent estimates. Consequently, we prove the optimal energy decay rate for the associated damped waved equations. For (i) and (iii), our results are in sharp contrast to the Laplace resolvent since the optimal bound is governed by the quasimodes in the subelliptic regime. While for (ii), the optimality is governed by the quasimodes in the elliptic regime, and the optimal energy decay rate is the same as for the classical damped wave equation on $\mathbb{T}^2$. Our analysis contains the study of adapted two-microlocal semiclassical measures, construction of quasimodes and refined Birkhoff normal-form reductions in different regions of the phase-space. Of independent interest, we also obtain the propagation theorem for semiclassical measures of quasimodes microlocalized in the subelliptic regime.
description: 91 pages, to appear in Comm. Math. Physics
The Evolution of Gas and Star Formation from z=3 to z=0
Creators: name: Combes, F.
name: collaboration, the PHIBSS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic star formation rate density first increases with time towards a pronounced peak 10 Gyrs ago (or z=1-2) and then slows down, dropping by more than a factor 10 since z=1. The processes at the origin of the star formation quenching are not yet well identified, either the gas is expelled by supernovae and AGN feedback, or prevented to inflow. Morphological transformation or environment effects are also invoked. Recent IRAM/NOEMA and ALMA results are reviewed about the molecular content of galaxies and its dynamics, as a function of redshift. Along the main sequence of massive star forming galaxies, the gas fraction was higher in the past (up to 80\%), and galaxy disks were more unstable and more turbulent. The star formation efficiency increases with redshift, or equivalently the depletion time decreases, whatever the position of galaxies, either on the main sequence or above. Attempts have been made to determine the cosmic evolution of the H_2 density, but deeper ALMA observations are needed to effectively compare with models.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of IAUS315, "From interstellar clouds to star-forming galaxies: universal processes?", P. Jablonka, P. Andre & F. van der Tak, eds. (CUP)
Pew Research Center Poll: Pew Social Trends--July 2009-Work/Generation Gap
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2011

description: Direction of life (1); rating health (1); describing financial situation (1); conflict between groups of people (4); conflict between older/younger generations (1); similarities between older/younger people (8); older/younger people on moral values (1); older/younger people and work ethic (1); older/younger people regarding other races/groups (1); older/younger people respecting others (1); spending time with children (2); relationship with your children (1); relationship with your parents (2); Woodstock (1); listening to certain types of music (7); liking certain artists (15); idea situation for young children (1); ideal situation for women with children (1); delaying retirement (2); employment (2); job satisfaction (1); looking for work (1); being made or wanting to retire (1); satisfaction in retirement (1); reasons for not working (12); reasons to work (9); activities after high school (3); employed in armed forces (1); getting ahead with college education (1); higher paying job vs. job security (1).
Breaking Down Barriers to Postpartum Depression Screening
Creators: name: Miller, April
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects many women and is one of the most common complications during the postpartum period. Health care providers who care for women and/or their children are in a position to assist women during this difficult time in their lives. Objectives: The goals of the original manuscript are to assess North Carolina obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYNs) and certified nurse midwives (CNMs) attitudes and practice patterns towards PPD screening as well as assess what barriers hinder PPD screening particularly in lower income/underserved populations of NC. The goals of the systematic review are to assess providers’ attitudes and practice patterns regarding PPD screening, diagnosis, and treatment as well as to assess barriers to PPD screening. Methods: A pre-validated survey was administered to NC OB/GYNs and CNMs via the American College of Obstetricians/Gynecologists and the American College of Nurse Midwives. The systematic review was developed through a search via Medline of the current literature on providers who see women and/or their children during the postpartum period attitudes and practice patterns regarding PPD screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Results: The original manuscript demonstrated that most providers, particularly those who work with lower income/underserved populations attempt to screen and treat PPD but are hindered by barriers including lack of mental health providers to whom to refer and lack of knowledge about PPD. The systematic review demonstrated that most providers included have positive attitudes towards PPD screening and feel responsible for screening but actual screening practices differ based on their knowledge/training on PPD screening, diagnosis, and treatment as well as. Barriers found through the literature search were similar to those found in the original research including lack of time to screen, lack of knowledge about PPD, and lack of mental health professionals of whom to refer. Conclusion: Most providers surveyed in the original manuscript and in the articles included in the systematic review believe that PPD screening is important and the majority do screen but many are hindered by multiple barriers most commonly lack of mental health professionals whom to refer.
Von der Klimakrise zur nachhaltigen Transformation
Creators: name: Huppmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Klimawandel
Erderhitzung
Klimakrise
Treibhausgas-Emissionen
Wissenschaftskommunikation

description: Vortrag bei der Fachtagung 2023 "Umweltpsychologie – Psychologische Lösungen für die Klima- und Umweltkrise" des Berufsverbands Österreichischer PsychologInnen 6. Oktober 2023, St. Pölten https://www.boep.or.at/berufsverband/fachsektionen/umweltpsychologie/fachtagung_2023 #WissenSchafftKlimaschutz
Off-shell amplitudes as boundary integrals of analytically continued Wilson line slope
Creators: name: Kotko, Piotr
name: Serino, Mirko
name: Stasto, Anna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the methods to calculate tree-level multi-gluon scattering amplitudes is to use the Berends-Giele recursion relation involving off-shell currents or off-shell amplitudes, if working in the light cone gauge. As shown in recent works using the light-front perturbation theory, solutions to these recursions naturally collapse into gauge invariant and gauge-dependent components, at least for some helicity configurations. In this work, we show that such structure is helicity independent and emerges from analytic properties of matrix elements of Wilson line operators, where the slope of the straight gauge path is shifted in a certain complex direction. This is similar to the procedure leading to the Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten (BCFW) recursion, however we apply a complex shift to the Wilson line slope instead of the external momenta. While in the original BCFW procedure the boundary integrals over the complex shift vanish for certain deformations, here they are non-zero and are equal to the off-shell amplitudes. The main result can thus be summarized as follows: we derive a decomposition of a helicity-fixed off-shell current into gauge invariant component given by a matrix element of a straight Wilson line plus a reminder given by a sum of products of gauge invariant and gauge dependent quantities. We give several examples realizing this relation, including the five-point next-to-MHV helicity configuration.
description: 23 pages, version accepted for JHEP
title: Direct "Door-to-Scanner" Protocol for FAST positive patients-The Impact On Radiology.
Creators: name: Byrne, Danielle
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Acute
subject: Audit and standards
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Early neuro-imaging is vital for the effective management of acute ischaemic stroke. Given its widespread availability and speed of acquisition, non-contrast CT is the most cost effective and invaluable imagingmodality for the early evaluation of...
Supersymmetrization of deformed BMS algebras
Creators: name: Banerjee, Nabamita
name: Mitra, Arpita
name: Mukherjee, Debangshu
name: Safari, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $W(a,b)$ and $W(a,b;\bar{a},\bar{b})$ algebras are deformations of ${\mathfrak{bms}_3}$ and ${\mathfrak{bms}_4}$ algebra respectively. We present an $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric extension of $W(a,b)$ and $W(a,b;\bar{a},\bar{b})$ algebra in presence of $R-$symmetry generators that rotate the two supercharges. For $W(a,b)$ our construction includes most generic central extensions of the algebra. In particular we find that $\mathcal{N}=2$ ${\mathfrak{bms}_3}$ algebra admits a new central extension that has so far not been reported in the literature. For $W(a,b;\bar{a},\bar{b})$, we find that an infinite $U(1)_V \times U(1)_A$ extension of the algebra is not possible with linear and quadratic structure constants for generic values of the deformation parameters. This implies a similar constraint for $U(1)_V \times U(1)_A$ extension of $\mathcal{N}=2$ ${\mathfrak{bms}_4}$ algebra.
description: 42 pages, no figure, Introduction and Conclusion expanded, two new appendices, new references added
Stony Brook Poll # 2004-HLTHB: Health Pulse of America 5, June, 2004
Creators: name: Stony Brook University Center For Survey Research
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2005

description: Most important problem facing this country today (1); most important health problem facing Americans today (1); George W. Bush job performance (4); how closely been following campaign for president so far (1); how closely been following candidates' positions on certain issues in this year's presidential campaign (3); importance of candidates' positions on certain issues in deciding vote for president (3); single most important issue in vote for president this year (1); money spent on health care vs. national defense (1); tax cuts (1); preferred health insurance options (2); favor/oppose government placing limits on what pharmaceutical companies can charge for drugs (1); prescription drugs from Canada (3); trust George W. Bush/John Kerry to do a better job handling health care issues (1); George W. Bush's health care policies (1); John Kerry's health care policies (1); would prefer a job with health coverage and lower salary/higher paying job that lacked any health benefits (1); importance of certain factors in taking a new job (4); satisfaction with certain elements of current job (4); would prefer a pay increase/improved medical coverage in coming year (1); respondent's own health insurance plan (3); worried about health benefits being cut back in coming year (1); worried about losing health insurance coverage in coming year (1); could/could not afford health insurance on own if lost current coverage (1); intention to vote in presidential election this November (1); 2000 presidential election (1); George W. Bush vs. John Kerry (1); in what state/foreign country was respondent born (1).
title: CT-imaging of hepatic hydatid cysts. Difficulties and complications.
Creators: name: Khayrieva, Angelina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Parasites
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To show key imaging characteristics of hydatid disease. To illustrate the CT-signs of hydatid cysts on different stages of development. To describe the reasons of diagnostic...
title: Imaging Spectrum Of Intracranial Infections In The Immunocompromised
Creators: name: Rajendran, Dharman
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Since early recognition and treatment can be detrimental to clinical outcome, central nervous system (CNS) infections are a major healthcare concern. A suppressed immune system not only predisposes immunocompromised hosts to a higher incidence of...
The Impact of Breastfeeding as a Strategy to Reducing Disparities in Infant Mortality Rates Among North Carolina’s African American Population
Creators: name: Coombe, Kavita Davé
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Background: A clear disparity exists in reproductive health parameters between White and African American women in North Carolina. African American women experience higher fertility rates and higher infant mortality rates than their White counterparts. Purpose: In this paper we estimate the number of potential ‘lives saved’ from increased breastfeeding practices as a possible strategy to reduce disparities in infant mortality. Methods: We evaluated the published, secondary data for North Carolina’s African American population in regards to Infant Mortality Rates (IMR) and breastfeeding practices. Results: Our findings suggest that improved practices in breastfeeding can positively impact infant mortality rates. Among the African American population, improved breastfeeding practices are estimated to reduce IMR by as much as 17%. The findings suggested in this report can provide important information for evidence-based strategies that inform future policies and design more effective health programs.