Cultural Resources Testing at Las Canopas (AZ T:12:137[ASM]), Phoenix, Maricopa County, Arizona
Creators: name: Marshall, John
Publisher: name: Northland Research, Inc.
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Salt River
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/127/salt-river
subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: South Mountain
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/43280/south-mountain
subject: Lower Sonoran Desert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/79727/lower-sonoran-desert
subject: Las Canopas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83615/las-canopas
subject: Phoenix, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76695/phoenix-az
subject: Phoenix Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/27/phoenix-basin
subject: Maricopa (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3900/maricopa-county
subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Pioneer Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/111/pioneer-period
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Las Canopas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/27294/las-canopas
subject: AZ T:12:137(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/95363/az-t12137asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Cremation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/880/cremation
subject: Isolated Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/305/isolated-burial
subject: Faunal Inhumation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2737/faunal-inhumation
subject: Canal or Canal Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/275/canal-or-canal-feature
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Inhumation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/947/inhumation
subject: Adobe Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1331/adobe-structure
subject: Reservoir
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/277/reservoir
subject: Non-Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/309/non-domestic-structures
subject: Ball Court
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/310/ball-court
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Refuse Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/356/refuse-pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Storage Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/358/storage-pit
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/174/plainware
subject: Red Ochre
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/629/red-ochre
subject: Snaketown Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/953/snaketown-red-on-buffware
subject: Santa Cruz Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/507/santa-cruz-red-on-buffware
subject: Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/444/redware
subject: Sacaton Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/508/sacaton-red-on-buffware
subject: Shell Bracelet
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2364/shell-bracelet
subject: Bead
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2237/bead
subject: Sweetwater Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2367/sweetwater-red-on-buffware
subject: Chopper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/128/chopper
subject: Estrella Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2368/estrella-red-on-buffware
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Whole Vessels
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2369/whole-vessels
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Jar
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2370/jar
subject: Mano
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/131/mano
subject: Bowl
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2371/bowl
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Palette
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2372/palette
subject: Censer
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2373/censer
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Gila Polychrome Ware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/520/gila-polychrome-ware
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Core
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2121/core
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Axe
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2186/axe
subject: Mineral
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/12/mineral
subject: Debitage
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2316/debitage
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Turquoise
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/207/turquoise
subject: Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/465/buffware
subject: Gila Butte Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/603/gila-butte-red-on-buffware
subject: Preclassic Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/859/preclassic-red-on-buffware
subject: Scraper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/93/scraper
subject: Hammerstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/94/hammerstone
subject: Pendants
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/101/pendants
subject: metate
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/167/metate
subject: Casa Grande Red-on-Buffware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/551/casa-grande-red-on-buffware
subject: Cultural Resource Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/11316/cultural-resource-management
subject: Environment Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/13/environment-research
subject: Collections Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/3/collections-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: Northland has completed cultural resources testing at two parcels. During the project, 83 trenches were mechanically excavated, totaling 1,613.3 meters. Trenches were roughly 20 m long, 65 cm wide, and 1.5 m deep. They were laid out in a checkerboard pattern across both loci, with trenches spaced 40 m apart east-west. This equates to approximately a 1.25 percent subsurface sample of the 20.7 acre project area. Testing confirmed the presence of features associated with Las Canopas (AZ T:12:137[ASM]), a large Hohokam village. In total, Northland identified 141 prehistoric cultural features, including habitation structures, extramural features, irrigation canals, and human burials. Basic descriptive information was collected on the location and distribution of all features identified. All human remains disturbed during testing were documented and removed. During testing, 20 human burial features were encountered. A map of the location of trenches and features was also prepared. The results of the Northland testing project indicate a lengthy prehistoric occupation within the tested parcels. Diagnostic ceramics ranging from the early Pioneer period, ca. A.D. 500 to 750, through late Classic period, ca. A.D. 1300 to 1450 were collected or noted during fieldwork. The temporal and spatial distribution of features across the tested parcels confirms the presence of intact prehistoric features. High densities of subsurface features, including human mortuary features, are present in multiple areas within the project area. Northland recommends that additional cultural resources investigations be conducted prior to any future ground disturbing activities within the project area. Las Canopas is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places based on its potential to contribute significant information to the prehistory of the region. Results of Northland's testing project indicate numerous additional intact features associated with the site will be encountered by any future ground disturbance activities. Of particular significance, it is highly probable that multiple human burial features remain undisturbed within the parcels. The site contains significant information potential and can address many important research questions pertaining to Hohokam occupation in the area. Indeed, there are few remaining sites in the Phoenix Basin with as much research potential. Therefore, prior to any future ground disturbance, Northland recommends that a research plan and plan of work for data recovery be prepared and implemented.