cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Explicit Solution to the N-Body Calogero Problem
Creators: name: Brink, L.
name: Hansson, T. H.
name: Vasiliev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the N-body Calogero problem, \ie N particles in 1 dimension subject to a two-body interaction of the form $\half \sum_{i,j}[ (x_i - x_j)^2 + g/ {(x_i - x_j)^2}]$, by constructing annihilation and creation operators of the form $ a_i^\mp =\frac 1 {\sqrt 2} (x _i \pm i\hat{p}_i )$, where $\hat{p}_i$ is a modified momentum operator obeying %!!!!!!! Heisenberg-type commutation relations with $x_i$, involving explicitly permutation operators. On the other hand, $ D_j =i\,\hat{p}_j$ can be interpreted as a covariant derivative corresponding to a flat connection. The relation to fractional statistics in 1+1 dimensions and anyons in a strong magnetic field is briefly discussed.
description: 6 p., latex, USITP-92-5
Broad band X-ray spectroscopy of A0535+262 with SUZAKU
Creators: name: Naik, S.
name: Dotani, T.
name: Terada, Y.
name: Nakajima, M.
name: Mihara, T.
name: Suzuki, M.
name: Makishima, K.
name: Sudoh, K.
name: Kitamoto, S.
name: Nagase, F.
name: Enoto, T.
name: Takahashi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transient X-ray binary pulsar A0535+262 was observed with Suzaku on 2005 September 14 when the source was in the declining phase of the August-September minor outburst. The ~103 s X-ray pulse profile was strongly energy dependent, a double peaked profile at soft X-ray energy band (<3 keV) and a single peaked smooth profile at hard X-rays. The width of the primary dip is found to be increasing with energy. The broad-band energy spectrum of the pulsar is well described with a Negative and Positive power-law with EXponential (NPEX) continuum model along with a blackbody component for soft excess. A weak iron K_alpha emission line with an equivalent width ~25 eV was detected in the source spectrum. The blackbody component is found to be pulsating over the pulse phase implying the accretion column and/or the inner edge of the accretion disk may be the possible emission site of the soft excess in A0535+262. The higher value of the column density is believed to be the cause of the secondary dip at the soft X-ray energy band. The iron line equivalent width is found to be constant (within errors) over the pulse phase. However, a sinusoidal type of flux variation of iron emission line, in phase with the hard X-ray flux suggests that the inner accretion disk is the possible emission region of the iron fluorescence line.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 2008 January issue
Inverse Problems for Representation Functions in Additive Number Theory
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B13, 11B34, 11B05, 11A07, 11A41

description: For every positive integer h, the representation function of order h associated to a subset A of the integers or, more generally, of any group or semigroup X, counts the number of ways an element of X can be written as the sum (or product, if X is nonabelian) of h not necessarily distinct elements of X. The direct problem for representation functions in additive number theory begins with a subset A of X and seeks to understand its representation functions. The inverse problem for representation functions starts with a function f:X ->N_0 U {\infty} and asks if there is a set A whose representation function is f, and, if the answer is yes, to classify all such sets. This paper is a survey of recent progress on the inverse representation problem.
description: 23 pages
Digital Objects Preservation Checklist For Teams
Creators: name: Stall, Shelley
name: Specht, Alison
name: O'Brien, Margaret
name: Machicao, Jeaneth
name: Corrêa, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti
name: David, Romain
name: Edmunds, Rorie
name: Miyairi, Nobuko
name: Murayama, Yasuhiro
name: Santos, Solange
name: Wyborn, Lesley
name: Vellenich, Danton Ferreira
name: Vrouwenvelder, Kristina
name: Mabile, Laurence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Open Science

description: Ensure all digital objects created or used by the team are fully documented, preserved for the long-term, and made openly accessible to the team. This work is part of the Building New Tools for Data Sharing and Re-use through a Transnational Investigation of the Socioeconomic Impacts of Protected Areas (PARSEC) project with funding provided by the Belmont Forum through the National Science Foundation, NSF, Grant 1929464, (US), Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR (France), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP (Brazil), and Japan Science and Technology Agency, JST (Japan).
Saliva nitrite is higher in male children with autism spectrum disorder and positively correlated with serum nitrate
Creators: name: Yao, Lulu
name: Fu, Huimin
name: Bai, Lu
name: Deng, Wenwen
name: Xie, Fang
name: Li, Ying
name: Zhang, Rong
name: Xu, Xinjie
name: Wang, Ting
name: Lai, Shenghan
name: Wang, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a vital role in neurological development. As an easily accessible and non-invasive fluid, saliva hasn't been evaluated for nitrite among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aims to quantify saliva nitrite and explore its relation with serum NO. Saliva sampling and pretreatment methods were optimized, followed by NO measurement via chemiluminescence for 126 ASD children and 129 normally developing children (ND). In the ASD group, saliva nitrite was significantly higher than that in the ND, with concentrations of 4.97 ± 3.77 μM and 2.66 ± 2.07 μM (p < 0.0001), respectively. Positive correlation was observed between saliva NO2− and serum NO3− in ASD children, which didn't exist in the ND group. Male children in the ASD group had significantly higher NO than that in boys of the ND group, without significant difference between girls in both groups. Correlation was not found between saliva or serum NO and severity of these ASD children. It is reported for the first time that saliva nitrite was positively correlated with serum nitrate in ASD children, with significantly higher NO only in autistic boys. Non-invasive saliva might serve as a predictor of health status of ASD children.
Electronic Structure of Single- and Multiple-shell Carbon Fullerenes
Creators: name: Lin, Yeong-Lieh
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic states of giant single-shell and the recently discovered nested multi-shell carbon fullerenes within the tight-binding approximation. We use two different approaches, one based on iterations and the other on symmetry, to obtain the $π$-state energy spectra of large fullerene cages: $C_{240}$, $C_{540}$, $C_{960}$, $C_{1500}$, $C_{2160}$ and $C_{2940}$. Our iteration technique reduces the dimensionality of the problem by more than one order of magnitude (factors of $\sim 12$ and $20$), while the symmetry-based approach reduces it by a factor of $10$. We also find formulae for the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO) energies of $C_{60{\cdot}n^{2}}$ fullerenes as a function of $n$, demonstrating a tendency towards metallic regime for increasing $n$. For multi-shell fullerenes, we analytically obtain the eigenvalues of the intershell interaction.
description: 5 pages, RevTex, 2 figures upon request (to be published in Physical Review B, Feb. 1994)
Digital Objects Preservation Checklist For Teams (Preserve)
Creators: name: Stall, Shelley
name: Specht, Alison
name: O'Brien, Margaret
name: Machicao, Jeaneth
name: Corrêa, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti
name: David, Romain
name: Edmunds, Rorie
name: Miyairi, Nobuko
name: Murayama, Yasuhiro
name: Santos, Solange
name: Wyborn, Lesley
name: Vellenich, Danton Ferreira
name: Vrouwenvelder, Kristina
name: Mabile, Laurence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Preservation
Preservation Criteria
Long-term Access
Preservation Planning
Data Management Plan
DMP
Data and Digital Output Management Plan
DDOMP
Software Management Plan

description: Document, select, and preserve your team’s research.

How to ensure your project files have an effective backup plan in place.

Determine what digital objects to preserve and the supporting documentation. 

Determine how open and FAIR to make your digital objects.

__________________________

This guideline in: English, French, Japanese (link pending), Portuguese, Spanish 

Your Journey to Open Science in: English, French, Japanese, Portuguese, Spanish

List of all available checklists: 

For researchers:

Digital Presence Checklist

Data Documentation and Citation Checklist

Software Documentation and Citation Checklist

For research teams:

Open Science Practices for Teams (Prepare)

Open Science Resources and Guidance for Teams (Equip)

Digital Objects Preservation Checklist for Teams (Preserve)

This work is part of the Building New Tools for Data Sharing and Re-use through a Transnational Investigation of the Socioeconomic Impacts of Protected Areas (PARSEC) project with funding provided by the Belmont Forum through the National Science Foundation, NSF, Grant 1929464, (US), Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR (France), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP (Brazil), and Japan Science and Technology Agency, JST (Japan).

Version 2 includes minor text updates adding clarification, updated links, and funder logos.
Highly Automated Import of Metadata into an Institutional Repository: A PHP Tool
Creators: name: Cantini, Federico
name: Konstantaki, Laura Amalia
name: Nunnenmacher, Lothar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Automatic import of publications from databases
metadata ingestion
PHP
Islandora

description: Nowadays researches are often requested to submit their publications to their local institutional repository (IR). This is a rather time-consuming administrative task, which they would readily avoid. Besides improving the publication-submission procedure, the need to import publications from other databases (DBs) directly instead of asking the researchers to submit their publications manually, is paramount. Repositories have dealt with this problem in the past (e.g., Roy and Gray 2018; Li 2016 ). Nevertheless, to our knowledge there is no free tool available that allows the automatic import from well-known DBs such as Scopus or Web of Science, which is based on PHP – a programming language vastly used by repository developers. Our IR is based on Drupal/Islandora; however, we aim to provide code that can be used by as many systems as possible. Therefore, our approach is based on two levels: (a) a PHP library to abstract the interaction with the publication DBs, providing a unified interface that can be used by any PHP application or script; (b) a Drupal module using the PHP library to implement the automatic import of metadata into Islandora repositories.
A Coincidence Search for Cosmic Neutrino and Gamma-Ray Emitting Sources Using IceCube and Fermi LAT Public Data
Creators: name: Turley, C. F.
name: Fox, D. B.
name: Keivani, A.
name: DeLaunay, J. J.
name: Cowen, D. F.
name: Mostafa, M.
name: Solares, H. A. Ayala
name: Murase, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an archival coincidence analysis between Fermi LAT gamma-ray data and public neutrino data from the IceCube neutrino observatory's 40-string (IC40) and 59-string (IC59) observing runs. Our analysis has the potential to detect either a statistical excess of neutrino + gamma-ray ($ν$+$γ$) emitting transients or, alternatively, individual high gamma-multiplicity events, as might be produced by a neutrino observed by IceCube coinciding with a LAT-detected gamma-ray burst. Dividing the neutrino data into three datasets by hemisphere (IC40, IC59-North, and IC59-South), we construct uncorrelated null distributions by Monte Carlo scrambling of the neutrino datasets. We carry out signal-injection studies against these null distributions, demonstrating sensitivity to individual $ν$+$γ$ events of sufficient gamma-ray multiplicity, and to $ν$+$γ$ transient populations responsible for $>$14% (IC40), $>$9% (IC59-North), or $>$8% (IC59-South) of the gamma-coincident neutrinos observed in these datasets, respectively. Analyzing the unscrambled neutrino data, we identify no individual high-significance neutrino + high gamma-multiplicity events, and no significant deviations from the test statistic null distributions. However, we observe a similar and unexpected pattern in the IC59-North and IC59-South residual distributions that we conclude reflects a possible correlation ($p=7.0\%$) between IC59 neutrino positions and persistently bright portions of the Fermi gamma-ray sky. This possible correlation should be readily testable using eight years of further data already collected by IceCube. We are currently working with Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) partner facilities to generate low-latency $ν$+$γ$ alerts from Fermi LAT gamma-ray, IceCube and ANTARES neutrino data and distribute these in real time to AMON follow-up partners.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
A New Approach to Lower Dimensional Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Munoz-Tapia, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the method of differential renormalization to two and three dimensional abelian gauge theories. The method is especially well suited for these theories as the problems of defining the antisymmetric tensor are avoided and the calculus involved is impressively simple. The topological and dynamical photon masses are obtained.
description: 8 pag. in Latex
Lethal radiation from nearby supernovae helps to explain the small cosmological constant
Creators: name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Omiya, Hidetoshi
name: Sudoh, Takahiro
name: Kobayashi, Masakazu A. R.
name: Nagashima, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed value $Λ_{\rm obs}$ of the cosmological constant $Λ$ is extremely smaller than theoretical expectations, and the anthropic argument has been proposed as a solution to this problem because galaxies do not form when $Λ\gg Λ_{\rm obs}$. However, the contemporary galaxy formation theory predicts that stars form even with a high value of $Λ/ Λ_{\rm obs} \sim$ 50, which makes the anthropic argument less persuasive. Here we calculate the probability distribution of $Λ$ using a model of cosmological galaxy formation, considering extinction of observers caused by radiation from nearby supernovae. The life survival probability decreases in a large $Λ$ universe because of higher stellar density. Using a reasonable rate of lethal supernovae, we find that the mean expectation value of $Λ$ can be close to $Λ_{\rm obs}$, and hence this effect may be essential to understand the small but nonzero value of $Λ$. It is predicted that we are located on the edge of habitable regions about stellar density in the Galaxy, which may be tested by future exoplanet studies.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures. the version accepted to Astrobiology
Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in Wireless Communication Systems
Creators: name: Li, Yueheng
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: Intelligente reflektierende Oberfläche
drahtlose Kommunikation
Kommunikationssysteme
Signalverarbeitung
Intelligent Reflecting Surface
Wireless Communication
Communication Systems
Signal Processing

description: Accompanied with the development of the wireless communication technologies, the high data traffic is more necessary for civil and industrial applications than ever The concept of an intelligent reflective surface (IRS) has attracted considerable attention recently as a low-cost solution. As the main contribution, the dissertation creates new state-of-the-art and formulates a solid milestone for the IRS research field.
DSpace ORCID integration: name authority control solution at the European University Institute
Creators: name: Svantesson, Lotta
name: Steletti, Monica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Persistent Researcher identifiers
Name authority control
Name disambiguation
ORCID-DSpace integration workflow

description: The European University Institute (EUI) Library became member of ORCID in November 2017. This presentation focuses on one aspect of the EUI ORCID integration project: the name authority management, a solution to handle - within the EUI DSpace - authors' name variations from three databases: 1) CPR, 2) Cadmus, and 3) ORCID. Since August 2018, the EUI is fully integrated with ORCID and the Library is able to offer an enhanced service to EUI members through recognised institutional affiliation and the deposit of publications to their ORCID profile. The EUI ORCID integration overall aim was to give increased visibly in the digital environment to both the researchers and the institution. Concretely the project has enabled to recognise and display that a researcher is affiliated with the EUI, and that an ORCID id is associated with the author's name in EUI Repository Cadmus. It also provides links from the author name in Cadmus to the ORCID record. New Repository functionalities: 1. Lookup function: select of author names; 2. Grouping and Ungrouping functions: cluster together different name variations / split an existing group; 3. Perform batch editing of the authority file.
Manual de formatação da versão final de dissertações do MPTGS
Creators: name: Raphael de Aquino Gomes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: [PT]

Manual de formatação da versão final de dissertações do Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia, Gestão e Sustentabilidade do Instituto Federal de Goiás

 

[EN]

Formatting manual for the final version of dissertations for the Professional Master's Degree in Technology, Management and Sustainability at the Federal Institute of Goiás (in Portuguese)
Recursion and Path-Integral Approaches to the Analytic Study of the Electronic Properties of $C_{60}$
Creators: name: Lin, Yeong-Lieh
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recursion and path-integral methods are applied to analytically study the electronic structure of a neutral $C_{60}$ molecule. We employ a tight-binding Hamiltonian which considers both the $s$ and $p$ valence electrons of carbon. From the recursion method, we obtain closed-form {\it analytic} expressions for the $π$ and $σ$ eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, including the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) states, and the Green's functions. We also present the local densities of states around several ring clusters, which can be probed experimentally by using, for instance, a scanning tunneling microscope. {}From a path-integral method, identical results for the energy spectrum are also derived. In addition, the local density of states on one carbon atom is obtained; from this we can derive the degree of degeneracy of the energy levels.
description: 19 pages, RevTex, 6 figures upon request
Gauged String Actions and O($\tilde{d}$, $\tilde{d}$) Transformation
Creators: name: Kumar, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An O($\tilde{d}$, $\tilde{d}$) transformation is given which relates ungauged string actions to the gauged ones for a large class of models discussed recently by Giveon and Rocek. Interestingly, the transformation is background independent and has a unique matrix representation in a given space-time dimension.
description: 14 pages, CERN-Th.6530/92 and IP/BBSR/92-44
Screening masses of mesons in 2+1 flavour QCD
Creators: name: Bielefeld Collaboration
name: Mukherjee, Swagato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for screening masses of light and strange mesons in 2+1 flavour QCD using improved (p4fat3) staggered fermions on 6x24^3 lattices. We have studied the screening masses of scalar, pseudo-scalar, vector and axial-vector mesons along the line of constant physics, determined by a pion mass ~220 MeV and a kaon mass ~500 MeV. In order to investigate the cut-off and volume dependencies we have also performed studies of the meson screening correlators in the non-interacting theory using the p4 and the standard staggered discretizations.
Additional file 2: of Baricitinib induces LDL-C and HDL-C increases in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Qiu, Chengfeng
name: Zhao, Xiang
name: She, Lang
name: Shi, Zhihua
name: Deng, Ziwei
name: Tan, Liming
name: Tu, Xiaojun
name: Jiang, Shilong
name: Tang, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Search algorithm from Medline. (DOCX 16 kb)
title: Investigation of the Halocline Structure in Lower Chesapeake Bay
Creators: name: Heltzel, Samuel Bowen
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1973

description: A portion of the Chesapeake Bay from 37°20’N latitude to the entrance was investigated to determine the halocline structure, the effects on this structure through the tidal sequence, and seasonal variations. A determination of the stage of slack water during which maximum extension of the halocline occurred was also made. This was accomplished by looking at the salinity distribution at the halocline upper limit, the mean depth to the halocline, and seasonal salinity contours drawn for tidal increments. By comparing salinity/depth gradients and salinity-depth vertical profiles, an attempt was made to relate seasonal and tidal variations to the halocline structure.

Results of this study indicate that the maximum extension up the bay of saline water occurred during slack water before ebb in the winter, except for the 20% contour, and for all contours in spring. During the autumn the opposite effect was noticed with slack water before ebb isohaline contours all being further south. The Old Dominion University plots for the summer months indicate a mixed situation. The halocline structure is described as having a decreasing depth to the halocline from the western to the eastern shore with lower salinity/depth gradients in the entrance and along the eastern shore than those on the western shore and in mid bay.

Seasonal salinity contouring indicated higher salinities on the eastern than the western shore for similar latitudes, decreasing salinity values from the Chesapeake Bay entrance to 37°20’N latitude, and maximum vertical salinity/depth gradients occurring in the summer followed by the spring. The tidal variations were considered greatest at slack before ebb, maximum ebb, and at one and one half hours past maximum ebb.
Superior Structural, Elastic and Electronic Properties of 2D Titanium Nitride MXenes Over Carbide MXenes: A Comprehensive First Principles Study
Creators: name: Zhang, Ning
name: Hong, Yu
name: Yazdanparast, Sanaz
name: Zaeem, Mohsen Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural, elastic and electronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide/nitride based pristine (Tin+1Cn/Tin+1Nn) and functionalized MXenes (Tin+1CnT2/Tin+1NnT2, T stands for the terminal groups: -F, -O and -OH, n = 1, 2, 3) are investigated by density functional theory calculations. Carbide-based MXenes possess larger lattice constants and monolayer thicknesses than nitride-based MXenes. The in-plane Young's moduli of Tin+1Nn are larger than those of Tin+1Cn, whereas in both systems they decrease with the increase of the monolayer thickness. Cohesive energy calculations indicate that MXenes with a larger monolayer thickness have a better structural stability. Adsorption energy calculations imply that Tin+1Nn have stronger preference to adhere to the terminal groups, which suggests more active surfaces for nitride-based MXenes. More importantly, nearly free electron states are observed to exist outside the surfaces of -OH functionalized carbide/nitride based MXenes, especially in Tin+1Nn(OH)2, which provide almost perfect transmission channels without nuclear scattering for electron transport. The overall electrical conductivity of nitride-based MXenes is determined to be higher than that of carbide-based MXenes. The exceptional properties of titanium nitride-based MXenes, including strong surface adsorption, high elastic constant and Young's modulus, and good metallic conductivity, make them promising materials for catalysis and energy storage applications.
Search for Supersymmetry in pp Collisions at sqrt(s)=8 TeV with a Photon, Lepton, and Missing Transverse Energy
Creators: name: Yutaro  Iiyama
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This thesis presents a search for anomalous production of events with at least one photon, one electron or muon, and large missing transverse energy in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8TeV.
Gauge-independent Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism and Yang-Mills theory with a gauge-invariant gluon mass term
Creators: name: Kondo, Kei-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the Yang-Mills theory coupled to a single scalar field in the fundamental representation of the gauge group, we present a gauge-independent description of the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism by which massless gauge bosons acquire their mass. The new description should be compared with the conventional gauge-dependent description relying on the spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking due to a choice of the non-vanishing vacuum expectation value of the scalar field. In this paper we focus our consideration on the fundamental scalar field which extends the previous work done for the Yang-Mills theory with an adjoint scalar field. Moreover, we show that the Yang-Mills theory with a gauge-invariant mass term is obtained from the corresponding gauge-scalar model when the radial degree of freedom (length) of the scalar field is fixed. The result obtained in this paper is regarded as a continuum realization of the Fradkin-Shenker continuity and Osterwalder-Seiler theorem for the complementarity between Higgs regime and Confinement regime which was given in the gauge-invariant framework of the lattice gauge theory. Moreover, we discuss how confinement is investigated through the gauge-independent Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism by starting with the complementary gauge-scalar model.
description: 21 pages, no figures; version published
Staircase Models from Affine Toda Field Theory
Creators: name: Dorey, Patrick
name: Ravanini, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a class of purely elastic scattering theories generalising the staircase model of Al. B. Zamolodchikov, based on the affine Toda field theories for simply-laced Lie algebras g=A,D,E at suitable complex values of their coupling constants. Considering their Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz equations, we give analytic arguments in support of a conjectured renormalisation group flow visiting the neighbourhood of each W_g minimal model in turn.
description: 22 pages, Saclay-Bologna preprint SPhT/92-065, DFUB-92-09
MOESM1 of High throughput sequencing of T-cell receptor repertoire using dry blood spots
Creators: name: Wu, Shang-Gin
name: Pan, Wenjing
name: Liu, Hongna
name: Byrne-Steele, Miranda
name: Brown, Brittany
name: Depinet, Mollye
name: Hou, Xiaohong
name: Han, Jian
name: Li, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The statistical results of sample (blood volume (ÂľL)) calculation; Table S2. The numbers of shared CDR3 among the different people.
Phylogenetic analysis of the Talarmyces funiculosus and related species
Creators: name: Visagie, Cobus
Publisher: name: University of Pretoria
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310705
subject: Mycology
classificationCode: 310409
subject: Microbial taxonomy

description: Phylogenetic analysis of the Talarmyces funiculosus and related species published in the manuscript 'Phylogenetic analysis of the Talarmyces funiculosus and related species'. Files include the dataset, alignments and tree files.Datasets were aligned using the G–INS–i setting in MAFFT v. 7.490 (Katoh and Standley, 2013) and manually trimmed and adjusted in Geneious Prime where necessary. Each dataset was analysed using Maximum Likelihood (ML) in IQtree v. 2.2.2.7 (Minh et al., 2020) and applying the General Time Reversible nucleotide substitution model with gamma distribution with invariant sites (GTR +G +I). Datasets were partitioned based on introns, exons and codon positions. Confidence in nodes was calculated using bootstrap analyses with 1000 replicates.
Superstrings on AdS3 at k=1
Creators: name: Giribet, G.
name: Hull, C.
name: Kleban, M.
name: Porrati, M.
name: Rabinovici, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study superstring theory in three dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime with NS-NS flux, focusing on the case where the radius of curvature is equal to the string length. This corresponds to the critical level k=1 in the Wess-Zumino-Witten description. Previously, it was argued that a transition takes place at this special radius, from a phase dominated by black holes at larger radius to one dominated by long strings at smaller radius. We argue that the infinite tower of modes that become massless at k=1 is a signal of this transition. We propose a simple two-dimensional conformal field theory as the holographic dual to superstring theory at k=1. As evidence for our conjecture, we demonstrate that at large N our putative dual exactly reproduces the full spectrum of the long strings of the weakly coupled string theory, including states unprotected by supersymmetry.
description: 29 pages, one figure. An equivalent construction of the dual orbifold CFT has been added, together with a discussion of the short string spectrum and additional observations on interactions
Search for New Physics Using Events with Two Photons and Large Missing Transverse Energy in pp Collisions at √s = 7 TeV
Creators: name: Yueh-Feng  Liu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for new physics in events with two photons and missing transverse energy is performed. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.93 fb−1 in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV collected by the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are analyzed. No excess of events with large missing transverse energy is observed by comparing the data to the expected standard model processes. The results are interpreted within the general gauge-mediated supersymmetry model and through simplified model spectra. Upper limits on the signal production cross sections and exclusion regions at the 95% confidence level are set in the parameter space of the respective models.
Smoke and Mirrors: Signal-to-Noise and Time-Reversed Structures in Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Light Curves
Creators: name: Hakkila, Jon
name: Lesage, Stephen
name: McAfee, Stanley
name: Hofesmann, Eric
name: Taylor, Corinne Maly
name: Cannon, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the `smoke' of limited instrumental sensitivity smears out structure in gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse light curves, giving each a triple-peaked appearance at moderate signal-to-noise and a simple monotonic appearance at low signal-to-noise. We minimize this effect by studying six very bright GRB pulses (signal-to-noise generally $> 100$), discovering surprisingly that each exhibits $\textit{complex time-reversible}$ wavelike residual structures. These `mirrored' wavelike structures can have large amplitudes, occur on short timescales, begin/end long before/after the onset of the monotonic pulse component, and have pulse spectra that generally evolve hard to soft, re-hardening at the time of each structural peak. Among other insights, these observations help explain the existence of negative pulse spectral lags, and allow us to conclude that GRB pulses are less common, more complex, and have longer durations than previously thought. Because structured emission mechanisms that can operate forwards and backwards in time seem unlikely, we look to $\textit{kinematic}$ behaviors to explain the time-reversed light curve structures. We conclude that each GRB pulse involves a single impactor interacting with an independent medium. Either the material is distributed in a bilaterally symmetric fashion, the impactor is structured in a bilaterally symmetric fashion, or the impactor's motion is reversed such that it returns along its original path of motion. The wavelike structure of the time-reversible component suggests that radiation is being both produced and absorbed/deflected dramatically, repeatedly, and abruptly from the monotonic component.
description: 31 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
RETURN To an Order of the House for copies of all correspondence between any Member of the Government, employee of the Lands and Works Department, Member of the Legislative Assembly, Manager of a Chartered Bank, C. F. Walmsley, W. E. C. Koch, and others, in regard to applications for timber leases on Little Slocan River, Little Slocan Lake and Slocan River, in West Kootenay District, between the 21st May, 1905, and the 29th January, 1906.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Noether and Abbott-Deser-Tekin conserved quantities in scalar-tensor theory of gravity both in Jordan and Einstein frames
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Krishnakanta
name: Das, Ashmita
name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the thermodynamic aspects of the scalar-tensor theory of gravity in the Jordan and in the Einstein frame. Examining the {\it missing links} of this theory carefully, we establish the thermodynamic descriptions from the conserved currents and potentials by following both the Noether and the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) formalism. With the help of conserved Noether current and potential, we define the thermodynamic quantities, which we show to be {\it conformally invariant}. Moreover, the defined quantities are shown to fit nicely in the laws of (the first and the second) black hole thermodynamics formulated by the Wald's method. We stretch the study of the conformal equivalence of the physical quantities in these two frames by following the ADT formalism. Our further study reveals that there is a connection between the ADT and the Noether conserved quantities, which signifies that the ADT approach provide the equivalent thermodynamic description in the two frames as obtained in Noether prescription. Our whole analysis is very general as the conserved Noether and ADT currents and potentials are formulated {\it off-shell} and the analysis is exempted from any prior assumption or boundary condition.
description: Published Version
Banking in Africa
Creators: name: Kgari, Lechedzani Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Bank business models
Deposit insurance
Geographical ring fencing
Bank stability

description: This thesis explores varying themes in the context of banking in Africa. We evaluate business models of banks in South Africa, the impact of deposit insurance coverage on banking sector stability and the implications of geographical ring fencing for bank stability. In chapter 3, we investigate the type, evolution, and impact on performance of bank business models in South Africa. We cluster banks into different business models based on the composition of their balance sheets. We identify business models oriented to wholesale and retail funding, as well as to universal, investment and interbank activities. We observe large differences in terms of business size, performance, and risk profiles across the business models. Tracking the evolution of business models over time, reveals that banks exhibit relatively stable business models, but where transition exists it is primarily driven by increased risk. In chapter 4, we investigate the impact of deposit insurance coverage on banking sector stability. We construct an index to measure deposit insurance coverage in 45 African countries over the period 2004-2019. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find that high deposit insurance coverage increases instability in the banking sector. Furthermore, we find that external factors (the proportion of countries with deposit insurance, directives for deposit insurance adoption in Central and West Africa) increase the probability of deposit insurance adoption and coverage. In chapter 5, we investigate the implications of geographic ring-fencing interventions for bank stability, focusing on a policy that prohibited parental support to foreign subsidiaries. Employing a difference-in-differences approach with 174 subsidiaries across 42 African host countries, we find an increase in overall bank default risk post-intervention. Alternative risk measures indicate heightened leverage, credit, and liquidity risk. Less stringent private and supervisory oversight in host countries exacerbates, while deposit insurance schemes mitigate the impact of geographical ring-fencing on risk.
Additional file 1: of High-resolution DNA methylome reveals that demethylation enhances adaptability to continuous cropping comprehensive stress in soybean
Creators: name: Liang, Xilong
name: Hou, Xue
name: Li, Jianying
name: Han, Yiqiang
name: Zhang, Yuxian
name: Feng, Naijie
name: Du, Jidao
name: Zhang, Wenhui
name: Zheng, Dianfeng
name: Fang, Shumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Morphological indexes of soybean plants under different conditions. Table S2. Effective coverage of each chromosome in each sample. Table S3. Effective coverage of various regions in each sample. Table S4. The primer sets used in qRT-PCR. Figure S1. Cumulative distribution of effective sequencing depth in total cytosine and three sequence contexts. Figure S2-1. Methylcytosine density throughout chromosome one to five in sensitive HF55 and tolerant KX2 under different conditions. Figure S2-2. Methylcytosine density throughout chromosome six to ten in sensitive HF55 and tolerant KX2 under different conditions. Figure S2-3. Methylcytosine density throughout chromosome eleven to fifteen in sensitive HF55 and tolerant KX2 under different conditions. Figure S2-4. Methylcytosine density throughout chromosome sixteen to twenty in sensitive HF55 and tolerant KX2 under different conditions. (DOCX 10182 kb)
Ram pressure stripping the hot gaseous halos of galaxies in groups and clusters
Creators: name: McCarthy, Ian G.
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Font, Andreea S.
name: Lacey, Cedric G.
name: Bower, Richard G.
name: Mitchell, Nigel L.
name: Balogh, Michael L.
name: Theuns, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a large suite of carefully controlled full hydrodynamic simulations to study the ram pressure stripping of the hot gaseous halos of galaxies as they fall into massive groups and clusters. The sensitivity of the results to the orbit, total galaxy mass, and galaxy structural properties is explored. For typical structural and orbital parameters, we find that ~30% of the initial hot galactic halo gas can remain in place after 10 Gyr. We propose a physically simple analytic model that describes the stripping seen in the simulations remarkably well. The model is analogous to the original formulation of Gunn & Gott (1972), except that it is appropriate for the case of a spherical (hot) gas distribution (as opposed to a face-on cold disk) and takes into account that stripping is not instantaneous but occurs on a characteristic timescale. The model reproduces the results of the simulations to within approximately 10% at almost all times for all the orbits, mass ratios, and galaxy structural properties we have explored. The one exception involves unlikely systems where the orbit of the galaxy is highly non-radial and its mass exceeds about 10% of the group or cluster into which it is falling (in which case the model under-predicts the stripping following pericentric passage). The proposed model has several interesting applications, including modelling the ram pressure stripping of both observed and cosmologically-simulated galaxies and as a way to improve current semi-analytic models of galaxy formation. One immediate consequence is that the colours and morphologies of satellite galaxies in groups and clusters will differ significantly from those predicted with the standard assumption of complete stripping of the hot coronae.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Towards the Raychaudhuri Equation Beyond General Relativity
Creators: name: Burger, Daniel J
name: Das, Saurya
name: Haque, S. Shajidul
name: Moynihan, Nathan
name: Underwood, Bret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In General Relativity, gravity is universally attractive, a feature embodied by the Raychaudhuri equation which requires that the expansion of a congruence of geodesics is always non-increasing, as long as matter obeys the strong or weak energy conditions. This behavior of geodesics is an important ingredient in general proofs of singularity theorems, which show that many spacetimes are singular in the sense of being geodesically incomplete and suggest that General Relativity is itself incomplete. It is possible that alternative theories of gravity, which reduce to General Relativity in some limit, can resolve these singularities, so it is of interest to consider how the behavior of geodesics is modified in these frameworks. We compute the leading corrections to the Raychaudhuri equation for the expansion due to models in string theory, braneworld gravity, $f(R)$ theories, and Loop Quantum Cosmology, for cosmological and black hole backgrounds, and show that while in most cases geodesic convergence is reinforced, in a few cases terms representing repulsion arise, weakening geodesic convergence and thereby the conclusions of the singularity theorems.
description: 21 pages. v2: Added references. v3: Matches published version, references and clarifications added
Temperature Dependence of the Upper Critical Field in High-Temperature Superconductors: Localization Effects
Creators: name: Kuchinskii, E. Z.
name: Sadovskii, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the anomalous temperature dependence of the orbital part of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ observed for epitaxially grown films of high-temperature superconductor $Bi-Sr-Cu-O$ (in wide temperature interval) can be satisfactorily explained by the influence of localization effects in two-dimensional (quasi-two-dimensional) case.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX 2.0, 1 Figure attached, IEF-LTF 93-4
Lyman-alpha emitters gone missing: the different evolution of the bright and faint populations
Creators: name: Weinberger, Lewis H.
name: Kulkarni, Girish
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
name: Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
name: Puchwein, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the transmission of the Lyman-alpha line through the circum- and intergalactic media around dark matter haloes expected to host Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at z > 5.7, using the high-dynamic-range Sherwood simulations. We find very different CGM environments around more massive haloes (~10^11 M_sun) compared to less massive haloes (~10^9 M_sun) at these redshifts, which can contribute to a different evolution of the Lyman-alpha transmission from LAEs within these haloes. Additionally we confirm that part of the differential evolution could result from bright LAEs being more likely to reside in larger ionized regions. We conclude that a combination of the CGM environment and the IGM ionization structure is likely to be responsible for the differential evolution of the bright and faint ends of the LAE luminosity function at z > 6. More generally, we confirm the suggestion that the self-shielded neutral gas in the outskirts of the host halo can strongly attenuate the Lyman-alpha emission from high redshift galaxies. We find that this has a stronger effect on the more massive haloes hosting brighter LAEs. The faint-end of the LAE luminosity function is thus a more reliable probe of the average ionization state of the IGM. Comparing our model for LAEs with a range of observational data we find that the favoured reionization histories are our previously advocated `Late' and `Very Late' reionization histories, in which reionization finishes rather rapidly at around z ~ 6.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 2 appendices; accepted for publication by MNRAS
On Correlation Functions for Non-critical Strings with c<1 but d>1
Creators: name: Dorn, H.
name: Otto, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a Goulian-Li-type continuation in the number of insertions of the cosmological constant operator which is no longer restricted to one dimensional target space. The method is applied to the calculation of the three-point and a special four-point correlation function. Various aspects of the emerging analytical structure are discussed.
description: 8 pages