cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Defining and measuring community engagement and community-engaged research: Clinical and translational science institutional practices
Creators: name: Ahmed, S.
name: Eder, M.
name: Harwood, E.
name: Kleinman, L.C.
name: Kissack, A.
name: Defino, M.
name: Reuter, K.
name: Evans, E.
name: Wallerstein, N.
name: Hong, H.
name: Dave, G.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Funes, M.
name: Calhoun, K.
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2018

description: Background: The institutions that comprise the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) consortium and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences continue to explore and develop community-engaged research strategies and to study the role of community academic partnerships in advancing the science of community engagement. Objectives: To explore CTSA institutions in relation to an Institute of Medicine recommendation that community engagement occur in all stages of translational research and be defined and evaluated consistently. Methods: A sequential multimethods study starting with an online pilot survey followed by survey respondents and site informant interviews. A revised survey was sent to the community engagement and evaluation leads at each CTSA institution, requesting a single institutional response about the definitions, indicators, and metrics of community engagement and community-engaged research. Results: A plurality of CTSA institutions selected the definition of community engagement from the Principles of Community Engagement. Although claiming unique institutional priorities create barriers to developing shared metrics, responses indicate an overall lack of attention to the development and deployment of metrics to assess community engagement in and contributions to research. Conclusions: Although definitions of community engagement differ among CTSAs, there seem to be more similarities than differences in the indicators and measures tracked and reported on across all definitions, perhaps owing to commonalities among program infrastructures and goals. Metrics will likely need to be specific to translational research stages. The assessment of community engagement within translational science will require increased institutional commitment.
Short-range correlations in modified planar rotator model
Creators: name: Žukovič, M.
name: Hristopulos, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model inspired from statistical physics that is shown to display flexible short-range spatial correlations which are potentially useful in geostatistical modeling. In particular, we consider a suitably modified planar rotator or XY model, traditionally used for modeling continuous spin systems in magnetism, and we demonstrate that it can capture spatial correlations typically present in geostatistical data. The empirical study of the spin configurations produced by Monte Carlo simulations at various temperatures and stages in the nonequilibrium regime shows that their spatial variability can be modeled by the flexible class of Matérn covariance functions. The correlation range and the smoothness of these functions vary significantly in the parameter space that consists of the temperature and the simulation time. We briefly discuss the potential of the model for efficient and automatic prediction of spatial data with short-range correlations, such as commonly encountered in geophysical and environmental applications.
description: 8 pages, International Conference on Mathematical Modeling in Physical Sciences (IC-MSQUARE), June 5-8, 2015, Mykonos, Greece
title: Do you have a pNET idea?
Creators: name: Cristian, Muresan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Screening
subject: Localisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: to understand the imaging approach to describe the most frequent imaging appearance for a pNET to be able to make a good imaging assessment when faced with a pancreatic...
title: Effect of patient height and gantry angle on the absorbed dose to the uterus during head CT.
Creators: name: England, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT scanners have become a widely used imaging modality with growth of 4.2% reported between March 2014 and March 2015 (Commission for HealthcareAudit and Inspection, 2007). CT head scans (Fig 1)are currently the commonest CT examination...
title: Visualization of Aortic Diameter Changes over Time in an Aortic Surveillance Program
Creators: name: Mistelbauer, Gabriel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Computer applications
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We demonstrate how advanced visualization of aortic diameter growth or evolution enhances the communication between radiologists and referring physicians with patients under aortic surveillance. Along a specific visualization plot we show how the...
Where is the community dimension in the updated common rule?
Creators: name: Reyes, R.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Richmond, A.
name: Lorenz, C.E.
name: Rennie, S.
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2018

description: The Problem: Changes to the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (the Common Rule) as presented in the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) are both logical and necessary. However, the proposed changes continue to focus entirely on the individual and fail to take into account the rapidly-emerging types of research that involve patients and communities directly in the research process. Purpose of Article: We propose several changes and amendments that address the interests of communities and underscore the principle of justice, especially social justice. Key Points: Our recommendations seek to revise human sub-jects’ protections that currently overemphasize individualism and autonomy to reflect a collectivist ethos that would extend protections to communities engaged in medical research. Conclusion: We believe this is necessary to effectively and efficiently conduct the types of research that will ultimately rectify health inequities that continue to exist in many communities, but particularly communities of color.
title: Partial Splenic Artery Embolization In Treatment Of Hypersplenism Due To Portal Hypertension: Early And Long –Term Results; Single Center Experience
Creators: name: can, yusuf
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Abdomen
subject: Spleen
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: CT
subject: Embolisation
subject: Cirrhosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Hypersplenism is described as splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia consequence of the increased activity of spleen in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Partial splenic artery embolization (PSAE) is an alternative method for...
title: CT angiography for acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a survival guide for residents
Creators: name: Bartolomé, Pablo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - To explain the specific CT angiography protocol in case of suspected acute digestive bleeding to avoid possible mistakes during the study. -To depict the main radiological signs that allow us to identify the presence of bleeding, its source and...
Exceptional sets for nonuniformly expanding maps
Creators: name: Campos, Sara
name: Gelfert, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a rational map of the Riemann sphere and a subset $A$ of its Julia set, we study the $A$-exceptional set, that is, the set of points whose orbit does not accumulate at $A$. We prove that if the topological entropy of $A$ is less than the topological entropy of the full system then the $A$-exceptional set has full topological entropy. Furthermore, if the Hausdorff dimension of $A$ is smaller than the dynamical dimension of the system then the Hausdorff dimension of the $A$-exceptional set is larger than or equal to the dynamical dimension, with equality in the particular case when the dynamical dimension and the Hausdorff dimension coincide. We discuss also the case of a general conformal $C^{1+α}$ dynamical system and, in particular, certain multimodal interval maps on their Julia set.
Sometimes linear, sometimes circular: States of the economy and transitions to the future
Creators: name: Morseletto, Piero
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Corporate governance
Corporate social responsibility
Entrepreneurship
International business
Innovation management
Leadership
Strategy
Strategy, management and organisational behaviour not elsewhere classified
Environmental education and extension
Environmental management
Environmental management not elsewhere classified
Economic history
Environmental history
History of ideas

description: A common thread in the circular economy literature is the linear–circular contrast. This study shows that the economy has always been a mix of circular and linear applications but in varying proportions. Furthermore, the scrutiny of emblematic examples both reveals misconceptions and enriches the extant knowledge of both frameworks and their relationship. This study also explains which aspects encourage an economy to lean towards either the linear or the circular (i.e., profit, scarcity, circumstances, and business opportunities), why the economy should be circular, and which factors (e.g., redundancy, overproduction, fast consumption) prevent the systematic application of circular practices by favouring the throwaway society. The lock-ins/systemic path-dependent forces that underpin and perpetuate the linear economy are analysed together with their effects on the economic system. Finally, this study considers three pathways named ‘lessening’, ‘sharing’ and ‘valorising’ for the diffusion of circular solutions and the disarticulation of the linear-economy drivers.
Polarized CMB recovery with sparse component separation
Creators: name: Bobin, Jerome
name: Sureau, Florent
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The polarization modes of the cosmological microwave background are an invaluable source of information for cosmology, and a unique window to probe the energy scale of inflation. Extracting such information from microwave surveys requires disentangling between foreground emissions and the cosmological signal, which boils down to solving a component separation problem. Component separation techniques have been widely studied for the recovery of CMB temperature anisotropies but quite rarely for the polarization modes. In this case, most component separation techniques make use of second-order statistics to discriminate between the various components. More recent methods, which rather emphasize on the sparsity of the components in the wavelet domain, have been shown to provide low-foreground, full-sky estimate of the CMB temperature anisotropies. Building on sparsity, the present paper introduces a new component separation technique dubbed PolGMCA (Polarized Generalized Morphological Component Analysis), which refines previous work to specifically tackle the estimation of the polarized CMB maps: i) it benefits from a recently introduced sparsity-based mechanism to cope with partially correlated components, ii) it builds upon estimator aggregation techniques to further yield a better noise contamination/non-Gaussian foreground residual trade-off. The PolGMCA algorithm is evaluated on simulations of full-sky polarized microwave sky simulations using the Planck Sky Model (PSM), which show that the proposed method achieve a precise recovery of the CMB map in polarization with low noise/foreground contamination residuals. It provides improvements with respect to standard methods, especially on the galactic center where estimating the CMB is challenging.
description: Accepted to A&A, august 2015
The who, what, and why of research participants' intentions to request a broad range of secondary findings in a diagnostic genomic sequencing study
Creators: name: Griesemer, I.
name: Lee, K.
name: Foreman, A.K.M.
name: Berg, J.S.
name: Khan, C.M.
name: Rini, C.
name: Moore, E.
name: O'Daniel, J.M.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Powell, B.C.
name: Roche, M.I.
name: Henderson, G.E.
name: Evans, J.P.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: In a diagnostic exome sequencing study (the North Carolina Clinical Genomic Evaluation by Next-Generation Exome Sequencing project, NCGENES), we investigated adult patients' intentions to request six categories of secondary findings (SFs) with low or no medical actionability and correlates of their intentions. Methods: At enrollment, eligible participants (n = 152) completed measures assessing their sociodemographic, clinical, and literacy-related characteristics. Prior to and during an in-person diagnostic result disclosure visit, they received education about categories of SFs they could request. Immediately after receiving education at the visit, participants completed measures of intention to learn SFs, interest in each category, and anticipated regret for learning and not learning each category. Results: Seventy-eight percent of participants intended to learn at least some SFs. Logistic regressions examined their intention to learn any or all of these findings (versus none) and interest in each of the six individual categories (yes/no). Results revealed little association between intentions and sociodemographic, clinical, or literacy-related factors. Across outcomes, participants who anticipated regret for learning SFs reported weaker intention to learn them (odds ratios (ORs) from 0.47 to 0.71), and participants who anticipated regret for not learning these findings reported stronger intention to learn them (OR 1.61-2.22). Conclusion: Intentions to request SFs with low or no medical actionability may be strongly influenced by participants' desire to avoid regret.
Development of a Systems Science Curriculum to Engage Rural African American Teens in Understanding and Addressing Childhood Obesity Prevention
Creators: name: Hassmiller Lich, K.
name: Young, T.L.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Dave, G.
name: Frerichs, L.
name: Stith, D.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Engaging youth from racial and ethnic minority communities as leaders for change is a potential strategy to mobilize support for addressing childhood obesity, but there are limited curricula designed to help youth understand the complex influences on obesity. Our aim was to develop and pilot test a systems science curriculum to elicit rural African American youth perspectives on childhood obesity and enhance their understanding of and support for obesity prevention solutions. The curriculum was designed so it could be integrated with existing positive youth development curricula that help youth advocate for and implement identified solutions. We conducted four workshop sessions with youth that engaged them in systems learning activities such as guided systems diagramming activities. The participants (n = 21) completed validated surveys presession and postsession that assessed their causal attributions of obesity and support for obesity prevention policies. The youths’ perception that environmental factors cause obesity increased (p <.05), and perceptions that individual behavior and biology cause obesity did not change. Their support for policies that addressed food access and food pricing significantly increased (p <.05). The youths’ system diagrams elucidated links between multilevel factors such as personal attitudes, social influence, and the built environment, which provides important information for designing synergistic solutions. The changes we observed in youths’ perceptions of obesity and support for policy changes have important implications for youths’ interest and willingness to advocate for social and environmental changes in their community. The strategies have a promising role in supporting community mobilization to address childhood obesity.
(101533) Elliot Parker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Tumours of the skull base - a pictorial essay of this exquisite family.
Creators: name: Pangarkar, Sayali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1.Comprehensive anatomic knowledge of the skull base, head and neck spaces, their boundaries and contents. 2.Use of bone algorithm, soft-tissue algorithms and multi-planar reformat on CT scan to distinguish between various tumours in the skull base...
Slow-light all-optical soliton diode based on tailored Bragg-grating structure
Creators: name: Li, Hongji
name: Deng, Zhigui
name: Huang, Jiasheng
name: Fu, Shenhe
name: Li, Yongyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An all optical soliton diode (AOSD) is proposed based on a sandwich nonlinear Bragg-grating structure: a linearly chirped Bragg-grating linked to a uniform Bragg-grating and again to a chirped Bragg-grating. The nonreciprocity is achieved by introducing two spatially asymmetric chirped Bragg-gratings with optical nonlinearity. High transmission ratio up to 150 is obtained when launching a picosecond Gaussian pulse into the setting. We find that such pulses in a form of solitons propagate at a rather small velocity ($<0.03c$) when pulse wavelength is selected in the vicinity of photonic bandgap.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Optics Letters, in press
title: Scrotal ultrasound in infertile men
Creators: name: Skrobisz, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Varices
subject: Congenital
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of the study was to re-assess the value of ultrasound within the scrotum in patients diagnosed with or/and suspected of fertility. Male infertility can be diagnosed if pregnancy does not occur after a year of having unprotected intercourse....
Uncertainty Quantification in the Road-level Traffic Risk Prediction by Spatial-Temporal Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Graph Neural Network(STZINB-GNN)
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaowei
name: Haworth, James
name: Zhuang, Dingyi
name: Chen, Huanfa
name: Jiang, Xinke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Urban road-based risk prediction is a crucial yet challenging aspect of research in transportation safety. While most existing studies emphasize accurate prediction, they often overlook the importance of model uncertainty. In this paper, we introduce a novel Spatial-Temporal Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Graph Neural Network (STZINB-GNN) for road-level traffic risk prediction, with a focus on uncertainty quantification. Our case study, conducted in the Lambeth borough of London, UK, demonstrates the superior performance of our approach in comparison to existing methods. Although the negative binomial distribution may not be the most suitable choice for handling real, non-binary risk levels, our work lays a solid foundation for future research exploring alternative distribution models or techniques. Ultimately, the STZINB-GNN contributes to enhanced transportation safety and data-driven decision-making in urban planning by providing a more accurate and reliable framework for road-level traffic risk prediction and uncertainty quantification.
description: Accepted as short paper to the 12 International Conference on Geographic Information Science, Leeds, UK
Mind maps and network analysis to evaluate conceptualization of complex issues: A case example evaluating systems science workshops for childhood obesity prevention
Creators: name: Stith, D.
name: Hassmiller Lich, K.
name: Young, T.L.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Frerichs, L.
name: Dave, G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Across disciplines, it is common practice to bring together groups to solve complex problems. Facilitators are often asked to help groups organize information about and better understand the problem in order to develop and prioritize solutions. However, despite existence of several methods to elicit and characterize how individuals and groups think about and conceptualize an issue, many are difficult to implement in practice-based settings where resources such as technology and participant time are limited and research questions shift over time. This paper describes an easy-to-implement diagramming technique for eliciting conceptualization and a flexible network analysis method for characterizing changes in both individual and group conceptualization. We use a case example to illustrate how we used the methods to evaluate African American adolescent's conceptual understanding of obesity before and after participating in a series of four systems thinking workshops. The methods produced results that were sensitive to changes in conceptualization that were likely driven by the specific activities employed during the workshop sessions. The methods appear strong for capturing salient levels of conceptualization at both individual and collective levels. The paper concludes with a critical examination of strengths and weaknesses of the methods and implications for future practice and research.
Opinion: New directions in atmospheric research offered by research infrastructures combined with open and data-intensive science
Creators: name: Petzold, Andreas
name: Bundke, Ulrich
name: Hienola, Anca
name: Laj, Paolo
name: Lund Myhre, Cathrine
name: Vermeulen, Alex
name: Adamaki, Angeliki
name: Kutsch, Werner
name: Thouret, Valerie
name: Boulanger, Damien
name: Fiebig, Markus
name: Stocker, Markus
name: Zhao, Zhiming
name: Asmi, Ari
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-1423
Conceptualizing trust in community-academic research partnerships using concept mapping approach: A multi-CTSA study
Creators: name: Frerichs, L.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Tiwari, S.
name: Striley, C.
name: Cheney, A.
name: Lovelady, N.
name: Kim, M.
name: Dave, G.
name: Brown, A.
name: Schaal, J.
name: Burke, J.
name: Black, A.
name: Jones, J.
name: Cottler, L.
name: Hankins, J.
name: Varma, D.
name: Green, M.
name: Vassar, S.
name: Ruktanonchai, C.
name: Cene, C.
name: Young, T.
name: Sullivan, G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Objectives Collaborations between communities, healthcare practices and academic institutions are a strategy to address health disparities. Trust is critical in the development and maintaining of effective collaborations. The aim of this pilot study was to engage stakeholders in defining determinants of trust in community academic research partnerships and to develop a framework for measuring trust. Methods The study was conducted by five collaborating National Institute of Health’ Clinical and Translational Sciences Awardees. We used concept mapping to engage three stakeholders: community members, healthcare providers and academicians. We conducted hierarchical cluster analysis to assess the determinants of trust in community-academic research partnerships. Results A total of 186 participants provided input generating 2,172 items that were consolidated into 125 unique items. A five cluster solution was defined: authentic, effective and transparent communication; mutually respectful and reciprocal relationships; sustainability; committed partnerships; and, communication, credibility and methodology to anticipate and resolve problems. Conclusion Results from this study contribute to an increasing empirical body of work to better understand and improve the underlying factors that contribute to building and sustaining trust in community academic research partnerships.
(101535) Henry Spurrier Parkman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Community advisory boards guiding engaged research efforts within a clinical translational sciences award: Key contextual factors explored
Creators: name: Wynn, M.
name: Mottus, K.
name: Donahue, K.E.
name: Mitchell, C.M.
name: Reuland, D.
name: Black, A.
name: Sleath, B.
name: Coyne-Beasley, T.
name: Watson, S.N.
name: Lewis, V.
name: Halladay, J.R.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Breland, C.E.
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2017

description: Background: Engaging stakeholders in research carries the promise of enhancing the research relevance, transparency, and speed of getting findings into practice. By describing the context and functional aspects of stakeholder groups, like those working as community advisory boards (CABs), others can learn from these experiences and operationalize their own CABs. Our objective is to describe our experiences with diverse CABs affiliated with our community engagement group within our institution’s Clinical Translational Sciences Award (CTSA). We identify key contextual elements that are important to administering CABs. Methods: A group of investigators, staff, and community members engaged in a 6-month collaboration to describe their experiences of working with six research CABs. We identified the key contextual domains that illustrate how CABS are developed and sustained. Two lead authors, with experience with CABs and identifying contextual domains in other work, led a team of 13 through the process. Additionally, we devised a list of key tips to consider when devising CABs. Results: The final domains include (1) aligned missions among stakeholders (2) resources/support, (3) defined operational processes/shared power, (4) well-described member roles, and (5) understanding and mitigating challenges. The tips are a set of actions that support the domains. Conclusions: Identifying key contextual domains was relatively easy, despite differences in the respective CAB’s condition of focus, overall mission, or patient demographics represented. By contextualizing these five domains, other research and community partners can take an informed approach to move forward with CAB planning and engaged research.
Targets for a circular economy
Creators: name: Morseletto, Piero
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural economics
Public economics - public choice
Urban and regional economics
Environment and resource economics
Ecological economics
Other economics not elsewhere classified
Industry economics and industrial organisation
Economic theory not elsewhere classified
Economic development policy
Industrial and product design
Life cycle assessment and industrial ecology
Industrial engineering
Environmental and resources law not elsewhere classified
Environmental law
Ecological applications not elsewhere classified
Environmental politics

description: The transition to a circular economy requires actions and policies. In the praxis of governance, a common way to steer the transition to a different state proceeds through the setting of targets. Thus far, no study has investigated circular economy targets in a systematic way. To bridge this gap, this study examines which targets can facilitate the transition towards a circular economy. The analysis focuses both on existing and new targets; the latter complement existing targets which are limited to a few discrete cases addressing only partially the goal of a more circular economy. A framework based on 10 common circular economy strategies (i.e. recover, recycling, repurpose, remanufacture, refurbish, repair, re-use, reduce, rethink, refuse) is applied to scrutinise the selected targets. The study clarifies that existing targets for recovery and recycling do not necessarily promote a circular economy, though they are the most commonly applied targets so far. Because of lack of efficacy of recovery and recycling, targets should instead favour other more powerful circular economy strategies. In relation to these, the study looks into new and existing targets showing how they can reduce waste, increase efficiency, close production loops, and maximise retention of the economic value of materials and products. In particular, the study proposes an expanded set of brand new targets for the transition to a circular economy together with a fresh view on targets aimed at scholars and decision-makers alike.
(101532) Matilda Fuller
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Food insecurity, food "deserts," and glycemic control in patients with diabetes: A longitudinal analysis
Creators: name: Barnard, L.S.
name: Karter, A.J.
name: Atlas, S.J.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Wexler, D.J.
name: Ackroyd, S.A.
name: Seligman, H.K.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2018

description: OBJECTIVE Both food insecurity (limited food access owing to cost) and living in areas with low physical access to nutritious foods are public health concerns, but their relative contribution to diabetes management is poorly understood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. A random sample of patients with diabetes in a primary care network completed food insecurity assessment in 2013. Low physical food access at the census tract level was defined as no supermarket within 1 mile in urban areas and 10 miles in rural areas. HbA1c measurements were obtained from electronic health records through November 2016. The relationship among food insecurity, low physical food access, and glycemic control (as defined by HbA1c) was analyzed using hierarchical linear mixed models. RESULTS Three hundred and ninety-one participants were followed for a mean of 37 months. Twenty percent of respondents reported food insecurity, and 31% resided in an area of low physical food access. In adjusted models, food insecurity was associated with higher HbA1c (difference of 0.6%[6.6mmol/mol], 95% CI 0.4-0.8[4.4-8.7],P<0.0001), which did not improve over time (P = 0.50). Living in an area with low physical food access was not associated with a difference in HbA1c (difference 0.2%[2.2mmol/mol], 95% CI 20.2 to 0.5 [22.2 to 5.6], P = 0.33) or with change over time (P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity is associated with higher HbA1c, but living in an area with low physical food access is not. Food insecurity screening and interventions may help improve glycemic control for vulnerable patients.
title: Current role of Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MR Imaging in the Diagnosis of Focal Liver Lesions.
Creators: name: MARIN SUAREZ, ANGEL ALBERTO
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: MR
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the pharmacodynamic properties of Gadoxetic acid.  To illustrate the Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MRI findings of commonbenign and malignant focal liver lesions.  To highlight the benefits of using this liver-specific contrast agent in...
Stakeholder Perspectives on Creating and Maintaining Trust in Community–Academic Research Partnerships
Creators: name: Jones, J.
name: Varma, D.S.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Frerichs, L.
name: Cottler, L.B.
name: Sullivan, G.
name: Brown, A.
name: Cheney, A.
name: Striley, C.W.
name: Black, A.
name: Young, T.L.
name: Kim, M.
name: Hassmiller Lich, K.
name: Schaal, J.
name: Dave, G.
name: Burke, J.G.
name: Cene, C.W.
name: Vassar, S.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Community–academic research partnerships aim to build stakeholder trust in order to improve the reach and translation of health research, but there is limited empirical research regarding effective ways to build trust. This multisite study was launched to identify similarities and differences among stakeholders’ perspectives of antecedents to trust in research partnerships. In 2013-2014, we conducted a mixed-methods concept mapping study with participants from three major stakeholder groups who identified and rated the importance of different antecedents of trust on a 5-point Likert-type scale. Study participants were community members (n = 66), health care providers (n = 38), and academic researchers (n = 44). All stakeholder groups rated “authentic communication” and “reciprocal relationships” the highest in importance. Community members rated “communication/methodology to resolve problems” (M = 4.23, SD = 0.58) significantly higher than academic researchers (M = 3.87, SD = 0.67) and health care providers (M = 3.89, SD = 0.62; p <.01) and had different perspectives regarding the importance of issues related to “sustainability.” The importance of communication and relationships across stakeholders indicates the importance of colearning processes that involve the exchange of knowledge and skills. The differences uncovered suggest specific areas where attention and skill building may be needed to improve trust within partnerships. More research on how partnerships can improve communication specific to problem solving and sustainability is merited.
title: Suboptimal CT Scan Studies of the Chest, Abdomen and Pelvis. What Went Wrong? A Tertiary Hospital Experience.
Creators: name: Al-Taie, Alaa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Artifacts
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Pelvis
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Suboptimal studies are a challenging practice in all imaging institutes. In our daily practice, it is not uncommon to confront a suboptimal CT scan study which may affect the radiologist decision, accuratediagnosisand report. Suboptimal CT...
Understanding the Relationship between Religiosity and Caregiver–Adolescent Communication About Sex within African-American Families
Creators: name: Atujuna, M.
name: Powell, T.W.
name: Zhou, W.
name: Lin, F.-C.
name: Akers, A.Y.
name: Ritchwood, T.D.
name: Wynn, M.
name: Dave, G.
name: Metzger, I.W.
name: Schaaf, E.B.V.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2017

description: Caregiver–adolescent communication about sex plays a critical role in the sexual socialization of youth. Many caregivers, however, do not engage their youth in such conversations, potentially placing them at risk for negative sexual health outcomes. Lack of caregiver–adolescent communication about sex may be particularly harmful for rural African American youth, as they often report early sex initiation and are disproportionately impacted by STIs. Moreover, sexual communication may be particularly challenging for families with strong religious backgrounds, potentially affecting the occurrence and breadth of topics covered during communication. Study aims were to: determine whether there was a relationship between caregiver religiosity and type of topics covered during communication about sex (e.g., general sexual health vs. positive aspects of sexuality) among 435 caregivers of early adolescent, African American youth; and if so, identify factors that might explain how religiosity affects communication about sex. Results indicated that caregiver religiosity was positively associated with communication about general, but not positive aspects of sexuality for caregivers of males. Attitudes towards communication about sex and open communication style mediated the relationship. There was no association between religiosity and communication about sex for caregivers of females. The findings from this study could provide a base to better understand and support the sexual socialization process within religious, African American families.
Evaluating Teach One Reach One - An STI/HIV Risk-Reduction Intervention to Enhance Adult-Youth Communication About Sex and Reduce the Burden of HIV/STI
Creators: name: Akers, A.Y.
name: Black, A.
name: Isler, M.R.
name: Cene, C.
name: Corbie-Smith, G.
name: Blumenthal, C.
name: Ritchwood, T.
name: Dave, G.
name: Wynn, M.
name: Stith, D.
name: Ellis, D.
name: Gizlice, Z.
name: Atley, L.
name: Young, T.L.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Purpose: Parents and caregivers play an important role in sexual socialization of youth, often serving as the primary source of information about sex. For African American rural youth who experience disparate rates of HIV/sexually transmitted infection, improving caregiver-youth communication about sexual topics may help to reduce risky behaviors. This study assessed the impact of an intervention to improve sexual topic communication. Design: A Preintervention-postintervention, quasi-experimental, controlled, and community-based trial. Setting: Intervention was in 2 rural North Carolina counties with comparison group in 3 adjacent counties. Subjects: Participants (n = 249) were parents, caregivers, or parental figures for African American youth aged 10 to 14. Intervention: Twelve-session curriculum for participating dyads. Measures: Audio computer-assisted self-interview to assess changes at 9 months from baseline in communication about general and sensitive sex topics and overall communication about sex. Analysis: Multivariable models were used to examine the differences between the changes in mean of scores for intervention and comparison groups. Results: Statistically significant differences in changes in mean scores for communication about general sex topics (P <.0001), communication about sensitive sex topics (P <.0001), and overall communication about sex (P <.0001) existed. Differences in change in mean scores remained significant after adjusting baseline scores and other variables in the multivariate models. Conclusions: In Teach One Reach One intervention, adult participants reported improved communication about sex, an important element to support risk reduction among youth in high-prevalence areas.
Vision impairment provides new insight into self-motion perception
Creators: name: Luu, W
name: Zangerl, B
name: Kalloniatis, M
name: Palmisano, Stephen
name: Kim, J
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 520406
subject: Sensory processes, perception and performance
classificationCode: 3212
subject: Ophthalmology and optometry

description: PURPOSE. Leading causes of irreversible blindness such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma can, respectively, lead to central or peripheral vision loss. The ability of sufferers to process visual motion information can be impacted even during early stages of eye disease. We used head-mounted display virtual reality as a tool to better understand how vision changes caused by eye diseases directly affect the processing of visual information critical for self-motion perception. METHODS. Participants with intermediate AMD or early manifest glaucoma with nearnormal visual acuities and visual fields were recruited for this study. We examined their experiences of self-motion in depth (linear vection), spatial presence, and cybersickness when viewing radially expanding patterns of optic flow simulating different speeds of self-motion in depth. Viewing was performed with the head stationary (passive condition) or while making lateral-sway head movements (active conditions). RESULTS. Participants with AMD (i.e., central visual field loss) were found to have greater vection strength and spatial presence, compared to participants with normal visual fields. However, participants with glaucoma (i.e., peripheral visual field loss) were found to have lower vection strength and spatial presence, compared to participants with normal visual fields. Both AMD and glaucoma groups reported reduced severity in cybersickness compared to healthy normals. CONCLUSIONS. These findings strongly support the view that perceived self-motion is differentially influenced by peripheral versus central vision loss, and that patients with different visual field defects are oppositely biased when processing visual cues to self-motion perception.
(101534) Frances Parker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
EDAM - The data analysis and management ontology (update 2022)
Creators: name: , Lamothe
name: , Kierkegaard
name: Black
name: Eldakroury
name: , Priya
name: Machinda
name: Singh Khanduja
name: Patoliya
name: Rathi
name: Nico, Che
name: Umutesi
name: , Blankenburg
name: , Kasalica
name: Op
name: Chieke
name: Zm
name: Ellschi
name: Gerlex
name: , Laurie
name: , Neumann
name: , Schwämmle
name: , Kuzmin
name: , Ison
name: , Hunter
name: , Karr
name: , Fouilloux
name: , Gaignard
name: , Brancotte
name: , Kalaš
name: , Ménager
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ontology
Standards
Data management
Open science

description: EDAM is a domain ontology of data analysis and data management in bio- and other sciences. It comprises concepts related to analysis, modeling, optimization, and data life-cycle, divided into 4 main sections: topics, operations, data, and formats.
 EDAM is used in numerous resources, for example Bio.tools, Galaxy, CWL, Debian, BioSimulators, FAIRsharing, or the ELIXIR training portal TeSS. Thanks to the annotations with EDAM, tools, workflows, standards, data, and learning materials are easier to find, compare, choose, and integrate.
 EDAM is developed by a diverse community of contributors. A substantial extension is EDAM Bioimaging, focused on image analysis and machine learning.
 The main improvements and ongoing work in 2022 include:
 - In addition to using standard tools such as HermiT and ROBOT, we develop additional validation tools at both the syntactic and semantic levels: https://github.com/edamontology/edam-validation
 - Enabling interdisciplinary applications with EDAM Geo (https://github.com/edamontology/edam-geo), an extension of EDAM towards geolocated data (e.g. in ecology, public health, …). Developed at https://webprotege.stanford.edu/#projects/69591619-4eda-4f03-9e7f-65b213038fe1/edit/Classes
 - Improving the implementation of links to external resources (incl. other ontologies), definitions, and the overall quality
 - Addition of numerous data formats, especially for models and simulations, and chemistry
description: {"references": ["https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt113", "https://doi.org/10.7490/f1000research.1117826.1", "https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00698"]}