cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Quantity and quality of napping to mitigate fatigue and sleepiness among nurses working long night shifts: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kazuhiro
name: Shishido, Inaho
name: Ito, Yoichi M.
name: Yano, Rika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. STROBE statement checklist.
Quantum subdiffusion with two- and three-body interactions
Creators: name: Yusipov, I. I.
name: Laptyeva, T. V.
name: Pirova, A. Yu.
name: Meyerov, I. B.
name: Flach, S.
name: Ivanchenko, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a few-quantum-particle cloud in the presence of two- and three-body interactions in weakly disordered one-dimensional lattices. The interaction is dramatically enhancing the Anderson localization length $ξ_1$ of noninteracting particles. We launch compact wave packets and show that few-body interactions lead to transient subdiffusion of wave packets, $m_2 \sim t^α$, $α<1$, on length scales beyond $ξ_1$. The subdiffusion exponent is independent of the number of particles. Two-body interactions yield $α\approx0.5$ for two and three particles, while three-body interactions decrease it to $α\approx0.2$. The tails of expanding wave packets exhibit exponential localization with a slowly decreasing exponent. We relate our results to subdiffusion in nonlinear random lattices, and to results on restricted diffusion in high-dimensional spaces like e.g. on comb lattices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Zero temperature superconductor - edge metal - insulator transition in $2D$ bosonic systems
Creators: name: Haugen, Håvard H.
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent experimental observation of an intermediate bosonic metallic state in the two-dimensional superconductor-insulator transition at $T=0$, we study an extended Bose Hubbard model in the limit of large number of particles per site. Using a representation of this in terms of two coupled $XY$ models, we find, in addition to an insulating phase and a $(2+1)D$ superfluid phase, two other phases. One phase is a $2D$ superfluid phase where a crossover from $(2+1)D$ to $2D$ has taken place as a result of incipient charge ordering, signaled by $θ$ disordering, and which is closely related to a supersolid phase. The other new phase is an edge metal state characterized by zero superfluid stiffness, zero charge ordering, and zero bulk compressibility. However, the edge compressibility of the system is nonzero. While we do not find any intermediate state with $2D$ metallic conductivity, we are able to connect these results to STM experiments on $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ showing brims of finite density of states around the entire edge of $2D$ $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ samples.
The origin of the Debye relaxation in liquid water and fitting the high frequency excess response
Creators: name: Elton, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critically review the literature on the Debye absorption peak of liquid water and the excess response found on the high frequency side of the Debye peak. We find a lack of agreement on the microscopic phenomena underlying both of these features. To better understand the molecular origin of Debye peak we ran large scale molecular dynamics simulations and performed several different distance-dependent decompositions of the low frequency dielectric spectra, finding that it involves processes that take place on scales of 1.5-2.0 nm. We also calculated the $k$-dependence of the Debye relaxation, finding it to be highly dispersive. These findings are inconsistent with models that relate Debye relaxation to local processes such as the rotation/translation of molecules after H-bond breaking. We introduce the spectrumfitter Python package for fitting dielectric spectra and analyze different ways of fitting the high frequency excess, such as including one or two additional Debye peaks. We propose using the generalized Lydanne-Sachs-Teller (gLST) equation as a way of testing the physicality of model dielectric functions. Our attempts at fitting the experimental spectrum using the gLST relation as a constraint indicate that the traditional way of fitting the excess response with secondary and tertiary Debye relaxations is problematic. All of our work is consistent with the recent theory of Popov et al. (2016) that Debye relaxation is due to the migration of Bjerrum-like defects in the hydrogen bond network. Under this theory, the mechanism of Debye relaxation in liquid water is similar to the mechanism in ice, but the heterogeneity and power-law dynamics of the H-bond network in water results in excess response on the high frequency side of the peak.
description: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, Accepted Manuscript
A general approximation lower bound in $L^p$ norm, with applications to feed-forward neural networks
Creators: name: Achour, El Mehdi
name: Foucault, Armand
name: Gerchinovitz, Sébastien
name: Malgouyres, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the fundamental limits to the expressive power of neural networks. Given two sets $F$, $G$ of real-valued functions, we first prove a general lower bound on how well functions in $F$ can be approximated in $L^p(μ)$ norm by functions in $G$, for any $p \geq 1$ and any probability measure $μ$. The lower bound depends on the packing number of $F$, the range of $F$, and the fat-shattering dimension of $G$. We then instantiate this bound to the case where $G$ corresponds to a piecewise-polynomial feed-forward neural network, and describe in details the application to two sets $F$: H{ö}lder balls and multivariate monotonic functions. Beside matching (known or new) upper bounds up to log factors, our lower bounds shed some light on the similarities or differences between approximation in $L^p$ norm or in sup norm, solving an open question by DeVore et al. (2021). Our proof strategy differs from the sup norm case and uses a key probability result of Mendelson (2002).
Suppression of Peierls-like, nesting-based instabilities in solids
Creators: name: Derriche, Nassim
name: Elfimov, Ilya
name: Sawatzky, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of lattice instabilities is of vast importance in material science. The famous example is the Peierls instability of one-dimensional metals and for strongly-nested Fermi surfaces in two and three dimensions. Through an analysis of H and Li chains in band theory, we find that the Bloch wave nature of the wavefunctions, if involving strong k-dependent hybridization of oppositeparity atomic states, strongly suppresses susceptibility peaks and associated instabilities and is thus essential to consider in searching for materials with strong responses to external perturbations.
description: Corrected acknowledgements
Cryogenic and hermetically sealed packaging of photonic chips for optomechanics
Creators: name: Wasserman, W. W.
name: Harrison, R. A.
name: Harris, G. I.
name: Sawadsky, A.
name: Sfendla, Y. L.
name: Bowen, W. P.
name: Baker, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a hermetically sealed packaging system for integrated photonic devices at cryogenic temperatures with plug-and-play functionality. This approach provides the ability to encapsulate a controlled amount of gas into the optical package allowing helium to be used as a heat-exchange gas to thermalize photonic devices, or condensed into a superfluid covering the device. This packaging system was tested using a silicon-on-insulator slot waveguide resonator which fills with superfluid $^4$He below the transition temperature. To optimize the fiber-to-chip optical integration 690 tests were performed by thermally cycling optical fibers bonded to various common photonic chip substrates (silicon, silicon oxide and HSQ) with a range of glues (NOA 61, NOA 68, NOA 88, NOA 86H and superglue). This showed that NOA 86H (a UV curing optical adhesive with a latent heat catalyst) provided the best performance under cryogenic conditions for all the substrates tested. The technique is relevant to superfluid optomechanics experiments, as well as quantum photonics and quantum optomechanics applications.
description: Walter W. Wasserman and Raymond A. Harrison contributed equally to this work. 9 pages, 4 figures
Frenetic bounds on the entropy production
Creators: name: Maes, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that under local detailed balance the expected entropy production rate is always bounded in terms of the dynamical activity. The activity refers to the time-symmetric contribution in the action functional for path-space probabilities and relates to escape rates and unoriented traffic. Under global detailed balance we get a lower bound on the decrease of free energy which is known from gradient flow analysis. For stationary driven systems we recover some of the recently studied "uncertainty" relations for the entropy production, appearing in studies about the effectiveness of mesoscopic machines and that refine the positivity of the entropy production rate by providing lower bounds in terms of a positive and even function of the current(s). We extend these lower bounds for the entropy production rate to include underdamped diffusions.
description: revised version
Three-dimensional microstructure generation using generative adversarial neural networks in the context of continuum micromechanics
Creators: name: Henkes, Alexander
name: Wessels, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiscale simulations are demanding in terms of computational resources. In the context of continuum micromechanics, the multiscale problem arises from the need of inferring macroscopic material parameters from the microscale. If the underlying microstructure is explicitly given by means of microCT-scans, convolutional neural networks can be used to learn the microstructure-property mapping, which is usually obtained from computational homogenization. The CNN approach provides a significant speedup, especially in the context of heterogeneous or functionally graded materials. Another application is uncertainty quantification, where many expansive evaluations are required. However, one bottleneck of this approach is the large number of training microstructures needed. This work closes this gap by proposing a generative adversarial network tailored towards three-dimensional microstructure generation. The lightweight algorithm is able to learn the underlying properties of the material from a single microCT-scan without the need of explicit descriptors. During prediction time, the network can produce unique three-dimensional microstructures with the same properties of the original data in a fraction of seconds and at consistently high quality.
Quantum spin fluctuations in the bulk insulating state of pure and Fe-doped SmB6
Creators: name: Akintola, K.
name: Pal, A.
name: Potma, M.
name: Saha, S. R.
name: Wang, X. F.
name: Paglione, J.
name: Sonier, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intermediate-valence compound SmB6 is a well-known Kondo insulator, in which hybridization of itinerant 5d electrons with localized 4f electrons leads to a transition from metallic to insulating behavior at low temperatures. Recent studies suggest that SmB6 is a topological insulator, with topological metallic surface states emerging from a fully insulating hybridized bulk band structure. Here we locally probe the bulk magnetic properties of pure and 0.5 % Fe-doped SmB6 by muon spin rotation/relaxation methods. Below 6 K the Fe impurity induces simultaneous changes in the bulk local magnetism and the electrical conductivity. In the low-temperature insulating bulk state we observe a temperature-independent dynamic relaxation rate indicative of low-lying magnetic excitations driven primarily by quantum fluctuations.
Energy Conditions in Extended $f(R,G,T)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Ilyas, M.
name: Ahmad, Aftab
name: Khan, Fawad
name: Wasif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the flat Friedmann Lematre Robertson-Walke metric in the presence of perfect fluid models and extended $f(R,G,T)$ gravity (where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, $G$ is the Gauss Bonnet invariant and $T$ stands for trace of energy momentum tensor). In this context, we assume some specific realistic $f(R,G,T)$ models configuration that could be used to explore the finite-time future singularities that arise in late-time cosmic accelerating phases. In this scenario, we choose the most recent estimated values for the Hubble, deceleration, snap and jerk parameters to develop the viability and bounds on the models parameters induced by different energy conditions.
description: texts modified, typos corrected, version accepted for publication/published in Physica Scripta
Silicon oxynitride platform for linear and nonlinear photonics at NIR wavelengths
Creators: name: Piccoli, Gioele
name: Sanna, Matteo
name: Borghi, Massimo
name: Pavesi, Lorenzo
name: Ghulinyan, Mher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of versatile and novel material platforms for integrated photonics is of prime importance in the perspective of future applications of photonic integrated circuits for quantum information and sensing. Here we present a low-loss material platform based on high-refractive index silicon oxynitride (\ce{SiON}), which offers significant characteristics for linear and non-linear optics applications in a wide range of red/near-infrared wavelengths. The demonstrated propagation loss $<1.5$~dB/cm for visible wavelengths enables the realization of long and intricate circuitry for photon manipulations, as well as the realization of high quality factor resonators. In addition, the proposed \ce{SiON} shows a high nonlinear coefficient of $10^{-19}$~m$^2$/W, improving the strength of nonlinear effects exploitable for on-chip photon generation schemes.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Exchange functionals based on finite uniform electron gases
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how one can construct \alert{a simple} exchange functional by extending the well-know local-density approximation (LDA) to finite uniform electron gases. This new generalized local-density approximation (GLDA) functional uses only two quantities: the electron density $ρ$ and the curvature of the Fermi hole $α$. This alternative "rung 2" functional can be easily coupled with generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) functionals to form a new family of "rung 3" meta-GGA (MGGA) functionals that we have named factorizable MGGAs (FMGGAs). Comparisons are made with various LDA, GGA and MGGA functionals for atoms and molecules.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Establishing a radiomics model using contrast-enhanced ultrasound for preoperative prediction of neoplastic gallbladder polyps exceeding 10 mm
Creators: name: Jiang, Dong
name: Qian, Yi
name: Gu, Yijun
name: Wang, Ru
name: Yu, Hua
name: Wang, Zhenmeng
name: Dong, Hui
name: Chen, Dongyu
name: Chen, Yan
name: Jiang, Haozheng
name: Li, Yiran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Cancer

description: Additional file 1
Competing magnetic phases in LnSbTe (Ln = Ho and Tb)
Creators: name: Plokhikh, Igor
name: Pomjakushin, Vladimir
name: Gawryluk, Dariusz Jakub
name: Zaharko, Oksana
name: Pomjakushina, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between topological electronic structure and magnetism may result in intricate physics. In this work, we describe a case of rather peculiar coexistence or competition of several magnetic phases below a seemingly single antiferromagnetic transition in LnSbTe (Ln = Ho and Tb) topological semimetals, the magnetic members of the ZrSiS/PbFCl structure type (space group P4/nmm). Neutron diffraction experiments reveal a complex multi-step order below TN = 3.8 K (Ln = Ho) and TN = 6.4 K (Ln = Tb). Magnetic phases can be described using four propagation vectors: k1 = (1/2 0 0) and k2 = (1/2 0 1/4) at the base temperature of 1.7 K, which transform into incommensurate vectors k1' = (1/2 - d 0 0), k3 = (1/2 - d 0 1/2) at elevated temperatures in both compounds. Together with the refined models of magnetic structures, we present the group-theoretical analysis of the magnetic symmetry of the proposed solutions. These results prompt further investigations of the relation between the electronic structure of those semimetals and the determined antiferromagnetic ordering existing therein.
Picotesla magnetometry of microwave fields with diamond sensors
Creators: name: Wang, Zhecheng
name: Kong, Fei
name: Zhao, Pengju
name: Huang, Zhehuang
name: Yu, Pei
name: Wang, Ya
name: Shi, Fazhan
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing robust microwave-field sensors is both fundamentally and practically important with a wide range of applications from astronomy to communication engineering. The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for such purpose because of its magnetometric sensitivity, stability and compatibility with ambient conditions. However, the existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. Here we present a continuous heterodyne detection method that can enhance the sensor's response to weak microwaves, even in the absence of spin controls. Experimentally, we achieve a sensitivity of 8.9 pT$\cdot$Hz$^{-1/2}$ for microwaves of 2.9 GHz by simultaneously using an ensemble of $n_{\text{NV}} \sim 2.8\times10^{13}$ NV centers within a sensor volume of $4\times10^{-2}$ mm$^3$. Besides, we also achieve $1/t$ scaling of frequency resolution up to measurement time $t$ of 10000 s. Our method removes the control pulses and thus will greatly benefit the practical application of diamond-based microwave sensors.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Field evolution of magnetic phases and spin dynamics in the honeycomb lattice magnet Na2Co2TeO6: 23Na NMR study
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Jun
name: Kamoda, Takayuki
name: Mera, Nobuyoshi
name: Takahashi, Yodai
name: Okumura, Kouji
name: Yasui, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of 23Na NMR in the honeycomb lattice magnet Na2Co2TeO6 which has been nominated as a Kitaev material. Measurements of magnetic shift and width of the NMR line as functions of temperature and magnetic field show that a spin-disordered phase does not appear up to a field of 9 T. In the antiferromagnetic phase just below the Neel temperature TN, we find a temperature region extending down to ~TN/2 where the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 remains enhanced and is further increased by a magnetic field. This region crosses over to a low temperature region characterized by the rapidly decreasing 1/T1 which is less field-sensitive. These observations suggest incoherent spin excitations with a large spectral weight at low energies in the intermediate temperature region transforming to more conventional spin-wave excitations at low temperatures. The drastic change of the low-energy spin dynamics is likely caused by strong damping of spin waves activated only in the intermediate temperature region, which may be realized for triple-q magnetic order possessing partially-disordered moments as scattering centers of spin waves. In the paramagnetic phase near TN, dramatic field suppression of 1/T1 is observed. From analysis of the temperature dependence of 1/T1 based on the renormalized-classical description of a two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet, we find the field-dependent spin stiffness constant that scales with TN as a function of magnetic field. This implies field suppression of the energy scale characterizing both two-dimensional spin correlations and three-dimensional long-range order, which may be associated with an increasing effect of frustration in magnetic fields.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Novel magnesium borides and their superconductivity
Creators: name: Esfahani, M. M. Davari
name: Zhu, Q.
name: Dong, H.
name: Oganov, A. R.
name: Wang, S.
name: Rakitin, M. S.
name: Zhou, X-F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the motivation of searching for new superconductors in the Mg-B system, we performed ab initio evolutionary searches for all the stable compounds in this binary system in the pressure range of 0-200 GPa. We found previously unknown, yet thermodynamically stable, compositions MgB$_3$ and Mg$_3$B$_{10}$. Experimentally known MgB$_2$ is stable in the entire pressure range 0-200 GPa, while MgB$_7$ and MgB$_{12}$ are stable at pressures below 90 GPa and 35 GPa, respectively. We predict a reentrant behavior for MgB$_4$, which becomes unstable against decomposition into MgB$_2$ and MgB$_7$ at 4 GPa and then becomes stable above 61 GPa. We find ubiquity of phases with boron sandwich structures analogous to the AlB$_2$-type structure. However, with the exception of MgB$_2$, all other magnesium borides have low electron-phonon coupling constants $λ$ of 0.32 to 0.39 and are predicted to have T$_c$ below 3 K.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. This manuscript has Supplemental Materials
Dynamical vs. equilibrium properties of the QCD phase transition: a holographic perspective
Creators: name: Rougemont, Romulo
name: Critelli, Renato
name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Ratti, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton (EMD) holographic model, which is known to be in good agreement with lattice results for the QCD equation of state with $(2+1)$ flavors and physical quark masses, to investigate the temperature and baryon chemical potential dependence of the susceptibilities, conductivities, and diffusion coefficients associated with baryon, electric, and strangeness conserved charges. We also determine how the bulk and shear viscosities of the plasma vary in the plane of temperature and baryon chemical potential. The diffusion of conserved charges and the hydrodynamic viscosities in a baryon rich quark-gluon plasma are found to be suppressed with respect to the zero net baryon case. The transition temperatures associated with equilibrium and non-equilibrium quantities are determined as a function of the baryon chemical potential for the first time. Because of the crossover nature of the QCD phase transition even at moderately large values of the chemical potential, we find that the transition temperatures associated with different quantities are spread in the interval between $130-200$ MeV and they all decrease with increasing baryon chemical potential.
description: 20 pages, 19 figures, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Cuestionario MEDIACORP: Consumo mediático, satisfacción corporal e imagen corporal de futuro
Creators: name: Jiménez- Morales, Monika
name: Medina-Bravo, Pilar
name: Sánchez-Reina, J. Roberto
name: Mas-Manchón. Lluís
name: Larrea Estefanía, Olatz
name: Montaña-Blasco, Mireia
name: Fedele, Maddalena
name: Da Rocha-Font, Irene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Imagen Corporal
Publicidad y medios
Niños 6 a 9 años
Stunkard
Consumo Mediático
Imagen Corporal Ideal
Autopercepción de la Imagen Corporal

description: El "Cuestionario MediaCorp. Publicidad e Imagen Corporal Infantil” se ha desarrollado en el marco del proyecto “Representación mediática de la imagen corporal no saludable. Desarrollo de una herramienta de prevención en niños y niñas de 5 a 8 años: ¡Mi cuerpo me gusta!”, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). Referencia CSO2014-58220-R.
On Continuous 2-Category Symmetries and Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Antinucci, Andrea
name: Galati, Giovanni
name: Rizi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a 4d gauge theory $U(1)^{N-1}\rtimes S_N$ obtained from a $U(1)^{N-1}$ theory by gauging a 0-form symmetry $S_N$. We show that this theory has a global continuous 2-category symmetry, whose structure is particularly rich for $N>2$. This example allows us to draw a connection between the higher gauging procedure and the difference between local and global fusion, which turns out to be a key feature of higher category symmetries. By studying the spectrum of local and extended operators, we find a mapping with gauge invariant operators of 4d $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory. The largest group-like subcategory of the non-invertible symmetries of our theory is a $\mathbb{Z}_N^{(1)}$ 1-form symmetry, acting on the Wilson lines in the same way as the center symmetry of Yang-Mills theory does. Supported by a path-integral argument, we propose that the $U(1)^{N-1}\rtimes S_N$ gauge theory has a relation with the ultraviolet limit of $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory in which all Gukov-Witten operators become topological, and form a continuous non-invertible 2-category symmetry, broken down to the center symmetry by the RG flow.
description: 49 pages, 2 figures. References added, typos fixed, several clarifications added in the introduction and in section 2, appendix B added
$L_{\infty}$ Algebras and Field Theory
Creators: name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and develop the general properties of $L_\infty$ algebras focusing on the gauge structure of the associated field theories. Motivated by the $L_\infty$ homotopy Lie algebra of closed string field theory and the work of Roytenberg and Weinstein describing the Courant bracket in this language we investigate the $L_\infty$ structure of general gauge invariant perturbative field theories. We sketch such formulations for non-abelian gauge theories, Einstein gravity, and for double field theory. We find that there is an $L_\infty$ algebra for the gauge structure and a larger one for the full interacting field theory. Theories where the gauge structure is a strict Lie algebra often require the full $L_\infty$ algebra for the interacting theory. The analysis suggests that $L_\infty$ algebras provide a classification of perturbative gauge invariant classical field theories.
description: 54 pages, v2: minor changes, refs. added, v3: minor corrections, version published in Fortsch.Phys
Importance of Organic Livestock Production: Global Scenario
Creators: name: Dr. Anil Kumar Verma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The four principles of organic agriculture are health, ecology, fairness and care. Organic livestock farming relies on organic and biodegradable inputs; therefore, health-conscious people are looking for environmentally safe and chemical residue free healthy food.  It also ensures animal welfare and sustainability. It can be accomplished by providing organically grown food, access to pasture, shelter, vaccination and stress-free environment to the animals. It is based on some basic standards, certifications and proper record keeping. In recent years, organic products have become a major commodity of export and import between different countries of the world.
Negative Differential Resistance in Spin-Crossover Molecular Devices
Creators: name: Li, Dongzhe
name: Tong, Yongfeng
name: Bairagi, Kaushik
name: Kelai, Massine
name: Dappe, Yannick J.
name: Lagoute, Jérôme
name: Girard, Yann
name: Rousset, Sylvie
name: Repain, Vincent
name: Barreteau, Cyrille
name: Brandbyge, Mads
name: Smogunov, Alexander
name: Bellec, Amandine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, based on low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy, a pronounced negative differential resistance (NDR) in spin-crossover (SCO) molecular devices, where a Fe$^{\text{II}}$ SCO molecule is deposited on surfaces. The STM measurements reveal that the NDR is robust with respect to substrate materials, temperature, and the number of SCO layers. This indicates that the NDR is intrinsically related to the electronic structure of the SCO molecule. Experimental results are supported by density functional theory (DFT) with non-equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) calculations and a generic theoretical model. While the DFT+NEGF calculations reproduce NDR for a special atomically-sharp STM tip, the effect is attributed to the energy-dependent tip density of states rather than the molecule itself. We, therefore, propose a Coulomb blockade model involving three molecular orbitals with very different spatial localization as suggested by the molecular electronic structure.
description: 4 figures
Local Identifiability of Deep ReLU Neural Networks: the Theory
Creators: name: Bona-Pellissier, Joachim
name: Malgouyres, François
name: Bachoc, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Is a sample rich enough to determine, at least locally, the parameters of a neural network? To answer this question, we introduce a new local parameterization of a given deep ReLU neural network by fixing the values of some of its weights. This allows us to define local lifting operators whose inverses are charts of a smooth manifold of a high dimensional space. The function implemented by the deep ReLU neural network composes the local lifting with a linear operator which depends on the sample. We derive from this convenient representation a geometrical necessary and sufficient condition of local identifiability. Looking at tangent spaces, the geometrical condition provides: 1/ a sharp and testable necessary condition of identifiability and 2/ a sharp and testable sufficient condition of local identifiability. The validity of the conditions can be tested numerically using backpropagation and matrix rank computations.
Optimal Turbulent Transport in Microswimmer Suspensions
Creators: name: Reinken, Henning
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
name: Wilczek, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microswimmer suspensions self-organize into complex spatio-temporal flow patterns, including vortex lattices and mesoscale turbulence. Here we explore the consequences for the motion of passive tracers, based on a continuum model for the microswimmer velocity field. We observe two qualitatively different regimes distinguished via the dimensionless Kubo number $K$. At advection strengths right above the transition to turbulence, the flow field evolves very slowly ($K \gg 1$) and the spatial vortex structures lead to dominant trapping effects. In contrast, deep in the turbulent state, much faster dynamics ($K \ll 1$) consistent with the so-called sweeping hypothesis leads to transport properties completely determined by the temporal correlations. In between ($K \approx 1$), we observe a regime of optimal transport, signaled by a maximum of the diffusion coefficient.
Quantifying the value of transient voltage sources
Creators: name: Swati
name: Singh, Uttam
name: Dahlsten, Oscar C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Some voltage sources are transient, lasting only for a moment of time, such as the voltage generated by converting a human motion into electricity. Such sources moreover tend to have a degree of randomness as well as internal resistance. We investigate how to put a number to how valuable a given transient source is. We derive several candidate measures via a systematic approach. We establish an inter-convertibility hierarchy between such sources, where inter-conversion means adding passive interface circuits to the sources. Resistors at the ambient temperature are at the bottom of this hierarchy and sources with low internal resistance and high internal voltages are at the top. We provide three possible measures for a given source that assign a number to the source respecting this hierarchy. One measure captures how much ``unitdc" the source contains, meaning $1$ V dc with $1Ω$ internal resistance for $1$s. Another measure relates to the signal-to-noise ratio of the voltage time-series whereas a third is based on the relative entropy between the voltage probability distribution and a thermal noise resistor. We argue that the unitdc measure is particularly useful by virtue of its operational interpretation in terms of the number of unit dc sources that one needs to combine to create the source or that can be distilled from the source.
description: 12+10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, close to the published version, see the APS' news on the article: https://info.aps.org/webmail/640833/799806911/789e72fb88aa159b643421dc42e9d7aeec64e5de4bece65f83544c3eed821542
Neutrino oscillations in gravitational fields and astrophysical applications
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino propagation and oscillations in various gravitational fields are studied. First, we consider the neutrino scattering off a black hole accounting for the neutrino spin precession. Then, we study the evolution of flavor neutrinos in stochastic gravitational waves. The astrophysical applications of the obtained results are considered.
description: 3 pages in Revtex, 3 eps figures, contribution to the proceedings of 20th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics (August 19-25, 2021, Moscow, Russia), to be published in Moscow University Physics Bulletin
A Magnetic Bald-Patch Flare in Solar Active Region 11117
Creators: name: Jiang, Chaowei
name: Feng, Xueshang
name: Wu, S. T.
name: Hu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With SDO observations and a data-constrained MHD model, we identify a confined multi-ribbon flare occurred on 2010 October 25 in solar active region 11117 as a magnetic bald patch (BP) flare with strong evidences. From the photospheric magnetic field observed by SDO/HMI, we find there is indeed magnetic BPs on the PILs which match parts of the flare ribbons. From the 3D coronal magnetic field derived from a MHD relaxation model constrained by the vector magnetograms, we find strikingly good agreement of the BP separatrix surface (BPSS) footpoints with the flare ribbons, and the BPSS itself with the hot flaring loop system. Moreover, the triggering of the BP flare can be attributed to a small flux emergence under the lobe of the BPSS, and the relevant change of the coronal magnetic field through the flare is well reproduced by the pre-flare and post-flare MHD solutions, which match the corresponding pre and post-flare AIA observations, respectively. Our work contributes to the study of non-typical flares that constitute the majority of solar flares but cannot be explained by the standard flare model.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted by RAA
Gravitational wave signals in an Unruh-DeWitt detector
Creators: name: Prokopec, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We firstly generalize the massive scalar propagator for planar gravitational waves propagating on Minkowski space obtained recently in Ref. [1]. We then use this propagator to study the response of a freely falling Unruh-DeWitt detector to a gravitational wave background. We find that a freely falling detector completely cancels the effect of the deformation of the invariant distance induced by the gravitational waves, such that the only effect comes from an increased average size of scalar field vacuum fluctuations, the origin of which can be traced back to the change of the surface in which the gravitational waves fluctuate. The effect originates from the quantum interference between propagation on off-shell detector's trajectories which probe different spatial gravitational potential induced by the gravitational backreaction from gravitational waves, and it is therefore purely quantum. When resummed over classical graviton insertions, gravitational waves generate cuts on the imaginary axis of the complex $Δτ$-plane (where $Δτ= τ-τ'$ denotes the difference of proper times), and the discontinuity across these cuts is responsible for a continuum of energy transitions induced in the Unruh-DeWitt detector. Not surprisingly, we find that the detector's transition rate is exponentially suppressed with increasing energy and the mass of the scalar field. What is surprising, however, is that the transition rate is a non-analytic function of the gravitational field strain. This means that, no matter how small is the gravitational field amplitude, expanding in powers of the gravitational field strain cannot approximate well the detector's transition rate.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Resonant properties of dipole skyrmions in amorphous Fe/Gd multilayers
Creators: name: Montoya, S. A.
name: Couture, S.
name: Chess, J. J.
name: Lee, J. C. T
name: Kent, N.
name: Im, M. -Y.
name: Kevan, S. D.
name: Fischer, P.
name: McMorran, B. J.
name: Roy, S.
name: Lomakin, V.
name: Fullerton, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic response of dipole skyrmions in Fe/Gd multilayer films is investigated by ferromagnetic resonance measurements and compared to micromagnetic simulations. We detail thickness and temperature dependent studies of the observed modes as well as the effects of magnetic field history on the resonant spectra. Correlation between the modes and the magnetic phase maps constructed from real-space imaging and scattering patterns allows us to conclude the resonant modes arise from local topological features such as dipole skyrmions but does not depend on the collective response of a closed packed lattice of these chiral textures. Using, micromagnetic modeling, we are able to quantitatively reproduce our experimental observations which suggests the existence of localized spin-wave modes that are dependent on the helicity of the dipole skyrmion. We identify four localized spin wave excitations for the skyrmions that are excited under either in-plane or out-of-plane r.f. fields. Lastly we show that dipole skyrmions and non-chiral bubble domains exhibit qualitatively different localized spin wave modes.
description: 38 pages, 17 figures
Fragmented atomic shell around S187 HII region and its interaction with molecular and ionized gas
Creators: name: Zemlyanukha, Petr
name: Zinchenko, Igor I.
name: Dombek, Evgeny
name: Pirogov, Lev E.
name: Topchieva, Anastasiia
name: Joncas, Gilles
name: Dewangan, Lokesh K.
name: Ojha, Devendra K.
name: Ghosh, Swarna K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The environment of S187, a nearby H II region (1.4$\pm$0.3 kpc), is analyzed. A surrounding shell has been studied in the H I line, molecular lines, and also in infrared and radio continua. We report the first evidence of a clumpy HI environment in its photodissociation region. A background radio galaxy enables the estimation of the properties of cold atomic gas. The estimated atomic mass fraction of the shell is $\sim$260~M$_{\odot}$, the median spin temperature is $\sim$50~K, the shell size is $\sim$4 pc with typical wall width around 0.2 pc. The atomic shell consists of $\sim$100 fragments. The fragment sizes correlate with mass with a power-law index of 2.39-2.50. The S187 shell has a complex kinematical structure, including the expanding quasi spherical layer, molecular envelope, an atomic sub-bubble inside the shell and two dense cores (S187~SE and S187~NE) at different stages of evolution. The atomic sub-bubble inside the shell is young, contains a Class II young stellar object and OH maser in the centre and the associated YSOs in the walls of the bubble. S187~SE and S187~NE have similar masses ($\sim$1200~M$_\odot$ and $\sim$900~M$_\odot$, respectively). S187~SE is embedded into the atomic shell and has a number of associated objects including high mass protostars, outflows, maser sources and other indicators of ongoing star formation. No YSOs inside S187~NE were detected, but indications of compression and heating by the H II region exist.
Is electroweak baryogenesis dead?
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroweak baryogenesis is severely challenged in its traditional settings: the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, and in more general two Higgs doublet models. Fine tuning of parameters is required, or large couplings leading to a Landau pole at scales just above the new physics introduced. The situation is somewhat better in models with a singlet scalar coupling to the Higgs so as to give a strongly first order phase transition due to a tree-level barrier, but even in this case no UV complete models had been demonstrated to give successful baryogenesis. Here we point out some directions that overcome this limitation, by introducing a new source of CP violation in the couplings of the singlet field. A model of electroweak baryogenesis requiring no fine tuning and consistent to scales far above 1 TeV is demonstrated, in which dark matter plays the leading role in creating a CP asymmetry that is the source of the baryon asymmetry.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Talk presented at Moriond Electroweak (24 Mar. 2017) and Higgs Cosmology workshop, Kavli Royal Society Centre, Chichley Hall, UK (28 Mar. 2017); v2: added discussion of bubble wall shape and velocity and references; published version
Krylov complexity from integrability to chaos
Creators: name: Rabinovici, E.
name: Sánchez-Garrido, A.
name: Shir, R.
name: Sonner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a notion of quantum complexity, called "Krylov complexity", to study the evolution of systems from integrability to chaos. For this purpose we investigate the integrable XXZ spin chain, enriched with an integrability breaking deformation that allows one to interpolate between integrable and chaotic behavior. K-complexity can act as a probe of the integrable or chaotic nature of the underlying system via its late-time saturation value that is suppressed in the integrable phase and increases as the system is driven to the chaotic phase. We furthermore ascribe the (under-)saturation of the late-time bound to the amount of disorder present in the Lanczos sequence, by mapping the complexity evolution to an auxiliary off-diagonal Anderson hopping model. We compare the late-time saturation of K-complexity in the chaotic phase with that of random matrix ensembles and find that the chaotic system indeed approaches the RMT behavior in the appropriate symmetry class. We investigate the dependence of the results on the two key ingredients of K-complexity: the dynamics of the Hamiltonian and the character of the operator whose time dependence is followed.
description: 18 pages + appendices; v2: Minor corrections + added references
Body grammars in advertising to young children
Creators: name: Sánchez Reina, J Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This paper presents an analysis of the representations of body image in advertising addressed to young children. Based on the content analysis of television advertising aimed at young children (5 to 9) in Spain, this work examines the character portrayals in advertising and discusses the implications of such representations in children’s body imaginaries. Results show four condensed clusters that connect depicted body image in advertising with the cultural images of consumption, health, beauty, and youth. With this regard, this study suggests that the prescription of depicted body image in advertising may reinforce the transference and acquisition of discourses that appeal to modern bodily values. Media representations constitute and integrate the social imagery concerning the body as they provide body grammars that make sense of the body, its image, and identity