cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Watershed Development Programmes in India Using Economic Surplus Method
Creators: name: Palanisami, Kuppannan
name: Kumar, D. Suresh
name: Wani, S.P.
name: Giordano, Mark
name: Palanisami, Kuppannan
name: Kumar, D. Suresh
name: Wani, S.P.
name: Giordano, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Watershed programmes in India are contributing to water resources development, agricultural production and ecological balance. Conventional methods to value them using financial measures attempt to quantify the impacts of watershed development in an isolated manner. In order to evaluate the impacts of watershed programmes in a holistic manner, the Economic Surplus (ES) approach has been applied using the data from a cluster of 10 watersheds in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. The distributional effects of watershed programmes are also captured through the ES method. Hence, possibilities of using this methodology in the future watershed evaluation programmes could be examined. The study has suggested that people’s participation, involvement of Panchayati Raj Institutions, local user groups and NGOs alongside institutional support from different levels, viz. central and state government, and district and block levels should be ensured to make the programme more participatory, interactive and cost-effective
Augmented Variational Principles and Relative Conservation Laws in Classical Field Theory
Creators: name: Fatibene, L.
name: Ferraris, M.
name: Francaviglia, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Augmented variational principles are introduced in order to provide a definition of relative conservation laws. As it is physically reasonable, relative conservation laws define in turn relative conserved quantities which measure, for example, how much energy is needed in a field theory to go from one configuration (called the reference or vacuum) to another configuration (the physical state of the system). The general prescription we describe solves in a covariant way the well known observer dependence of conserved quantities. The solution found is deeply related to the divergence ambiguity of the Lagrangian and to various formalisms recently appeared in literature to deal with the variation of conserved quantities (of which this is a formal integration). A number of examples relevant to fundamental Physics are considered in detail, starting from classical Mechanics.
description: 14 pages, 1 Fig
Economic and Ecological Benefits of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Tamil Nadu
Creators: name: Barah, B.C.
name: Barah, B.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The paper has quantified the benefits of SRI over non-SRI practices of rice cultivation in Tamil Nadu. The SRI practices have been found to save inputs substantially and to increase returns. Higher return has been attributed to increase in production as well as substantial reduction in cost of cultivation. The most impressive are the savings in water (22-39 per cent ) and seed (92 per cent). The organic supplementation due to green manuring and weed incorporation, enhanced soil microbial activities and aeration, use of solar energy and time saving due to early transplantation, are some of the uncommon advantages of SRI. The women employment in specialized operations such as transplanting, harvesting and weedings can lead to gender equity. The estimates of technical efficiency using DEAP has clearly shown that SRI is more technical and economic efficient. Upscaling of SRI strategy will help achieve national as well as household food-security.
PARTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURE IN THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES – IMPLICATION FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF THE RURAL ECONOMY
Creators: name: Zekic, Stanislav
name: Gajic, Milivoj
name: Lovre, Koviljko
name: Zekic, Stanislav
name: Gajic, Milivoj
name: Lovre, Koviljko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Productivity
subject: Agriculture
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Rural Development
subject: the West Balkans
subject: Transition

description: The process of transition and, within it, the agricultural transformation in the Western Balkan countries resulted, in the first phase, in the weakening of the developmental performances in agriculture. Such tendencies widened the gap between the countries of the Western Balkans and the EU countries, which continued their steady increase in agricultural productivity. Unfavorable tendencies in agricultural productivity adversely affected its competitiveness, and, consequently, the competitiveness of the rural economy as a whole. The effect of the low agricultural competitiveness on the competitiveness of the rural economy is determined by the importance of agriculture in the rural economy, which is substantial in the West Balkan countries.
Asymptotics for first-passage times on Delaunay triangulations
Creators: name: Pimentel, Leandro P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82D30

description: In this paper we study first-passge percolation models on Delaunay triangulations. We show a sufficient condition to ensure that the asymptotic value of the rescaled first-passage time, called the time constant, is strictly positive and derive some upper bounds for fluctuations. Our proofs are based on renormalization ideas and on the method of bounded increments.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Technical Efficiency and its Determinants in Tomato Production in Karnataka, India: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Approach
Creators: name: Murthy, D. Sreenivasa
name: Sudha, M.
name: Hegde, M.R.
name: Dakshinamoorthy, V.
name: Murthy, D. Sreenivasa
name: Sudha, M.
name: Hegde, M.R.
name: Dakshinamoorthy, V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Low productivity in agriculture is mainly due to the inability of the farmers to exploit the available technologies fully, resulting in lower efficiencies of production. The present study has estimated the technical and scale efficiencies of tomato-producing farms in Karnataka, considering different production levels and has identified the determining factors of their technical efficiency. The study is based on the data collected from the major tomato-producing regions of Karnataka, viz. Kolar and Bangalore rural districts of Karnataka, under three-production situations, viz. small, medium and large farms. Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) and log linear regression models have been used for estimating the technical efficiency and its determining factors, respectively. The study has indicated that most of the farms irrespective of size of holding have shown technical inefficiency problems. The medium farmers have been observed with best measures of technical efficiency, which has been explained by factors such as the land and labour productivity and education. Though medium farmers have been found efficient, with higher yields, it is the small farmers who have emerged as price-efficient producers in terms of lower cost on production (Rs 1.72/kg compared to Rs 2.01 in medium farms and Rs 1.85 in large farms) and higher unit profit. Most of the farms have been observed to have potential to expand production and productivity, increasing technical efficiency as majority have been performing with increasing returns to scale.
Finite-size scaling exponents in the interacting boson model
Creators: name: Dusuel, S.
name: Vidal, J.
name: Arias, J. M.
name: Dukelsky, J.
name: Garcia-Ramos, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the finite-size scaling exponents for the critical point at the shape phase transition from U(5) (spherical) to O(6) (deformed $γ$-unstable) dynamical symmetries of the Interacting Boson Model, making use of the Holstein-Primakoff boson expansion and the continuous unitary transformation technique. We compute exactly the leading order correction to the ground state energy, the gap, the expectation value of the $d$-boson number in the ground state and the $E2$ transition probability from the ground state to the first excited state, and determine the corresponding finite-size scaling exponents.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
Oscillations due to time-delayed driving of a ball in a water jet -- a challenging problem of the International Physicists' Tournament 2019
Creators: name: Michalke, S
name: Fösel, A
name: Schmiedeberg, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The International Physicists' Tournament (IPT) 2019 dealt with 17 challenging problems. In this article, we present experimental as well as theoretical approaches exemplarily to one of these tasks. A ball placed on a hard and at surface can show oscillation movement when being hit by a jet of water from above. To explain the oscillations, a theoretical model is introduced and its predictions are compared to the experimental measurements. Furthermore, the structure of the IPT itself is characterized shortly in this article, as well as the idea of a new and innovative seminar which was set up at Erlangen University to prepare and assist students in taking part in International Physicists' Tournament. Furthermore, the educational relevance of physics tournaments like IPT for physics education at university is discussed in detail.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Towards the Classification of Tachyon-Free Models From Tachyonic Ten-Dimensional Heterotic String Vacua
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Matyas, Viktor G.
name: Percival, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was proposed that ten-dimensional tachyonic string vacua may serve as starting points for the construction of viable four dimensional phenomenological string models which are tachyon free. This is achieved by projecting out the tachyons in the four-dimensional models using projectors other than the projector which is utilised in the supersymmetric models and those of the $SO(16)\times SO(16)$ heterotic string. We continue the exploration of this class of models by developing systematic computerised tools for their classification, the analysis of their tachyonic and massless spectra, as well as analysis of their partition functions and vacuum energy. We explore a randomly generated space of $2\times10^9$ string vacua in this class and find that tachyon--free models occur with $\sim 5\times 10^{-3}$ probability, and of those, phenomenologically inclined $SO(10)$ vacua with $a_{00}=N_b^0-N_f^0=0$, i.e. equal number of fermionic and bosonic massless states, occur with frequency $\sim 2\times 10^{-6}$. Extracting larger numbers of phenomenological vacua therefore requires adaptation of fertility conditions that we discuss, and significantly increase the frequency of tachyon--free models. Our results suggest that spacetime supersymmetry may not be a necessary ingredient in phenomenological string models, even at the Planck scale.
description: 33 pages. 7 figures. Standard LaTex. Published version
Short range attraction between two similarly charged silica surfaces
Creators: name: Zohar, Ohad
name: Leizerson, Ilya
name: Sivan, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) we measure the interaction between two identically charged silica surfaces in the presence of saline solution. For pure NaCl the interaction is always repulsive. Upon addition of cobalt hexamine ions, [Co(NH3)6]+3, the repulsion is gradually suppressed and a pronounced attraction develops at distances much shorter than the screening length. Higher concentrations of cobalt hexamine turn the attraction back into repulsion. Measurements of surface charge renormalization by the three valent cations provide their surface density and their association constant to the negatively charged silica surface. These estimates exclude interaction between two condensed Wigner crystals as an explanation for the attraction.
PRESERVING AND ENHANCING SOLIDARITY AND THRUST CAPITAL IN THE COUNTRYSIDE. A SHORT ANALYSIS IN THE GENERAL CONTEXT OF AGRICULTURE BASED ECONOMY
Creators: name: Done, Ioan
name: Andrei, Jean Vasile
name: Cicea, Claudiu
name: Done, Ioan
name: Andrei, Jean Vasile
name: Cicea, Claudiu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Rural solidarity
subject: Thrust capital
subject: Rural family
subject: Social dialog

description: It has become a well known fact that a sustainable development of humankind resides not only in preserving the environment but mainly in preserving solidarity between generations or within a generation. This sustainable development defined as a productive cooperation between generations implies a man nature relationship where the man is an element of nature not its master. The place where the interests of several generations come together as a hole is the countryside, for here the connection between nature, work and capital has a permanent and direct character. Therefore it is not by chance that man and land are primary components of a nation wealth. For the Romanian people eternity was born in the countryside, and the sacred aspects of life are better preserved here. In this context it is a priority to determine the real contribution that it has to Grass Domestic Product, the contribution it has to the preservation and augmentation of the national wealth, as basis for an increasing thrust capital.
A Guided Tour of Ab Initio Nuclear Many-Body Theory
Creators: name: Hergert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last decade, new developments in Similarity Renormalization Group techniques and nuclear many-body methods have dramatically increased the capabilities of ab initio nuclear structure and reaction theory. Ground and excited-state properties can be computed up to the tin region, and from the proton to the presumptive neutron drip lines, providing unprecedented opportunities to confront two- plus three-nucleon interactions from chiral Effective Field Theory with experimental data. In this contribution, I will give a broad survey of the current status of nuclear many-body approaches, and I will use selected results to discuss both achievements and open issues that need to be addressed in the coming decade.
description: 39 pages + references (58 pages total), 15 figures, to be published in Frontiers in Physics as a contribution to the Research Topic "The Future of Nuclear Structure: Challenges and Opportunities in the Microscopic Description of Nuclei"
Extended Micromorphic Computational Homogenization for Mechanical Metamaterials Exhibiting Multiple Geometric Pattern Transformations
Creators: name: Rokoš, O.
name: Ameen, M. M.
name: Peerlings, R. H. J.
name: Geers, M. G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Honeycomb-like microstructures have been shown to exhibit local elastic buckling under compression, with three possible geometric buckling modes, or pattern transformations. The individual pattern transformations, and consequently also spatially distributed patterns, can be induced by controlling the applied compression along two orthogonal directions. Exploitation of this property holds great potential in, e.g., soft robotics applications. For fast and optimal design, efficient numerical tools are required, capable of bridging the gap between the microstructural and engineering scale, while capturing all relevant pattern transformations. A micromorphic homogenization framework for materials exhibiting multiple pattern transformations is therefore presented in this paper, which extends the micromorphic scheme of Rokoš et al., J. Mech. Phys. Solids 123, 119-137 (2019), for elastomeric metamaterials exhibiting only a single pattern transformation. The methodology is based on a suitable kinematic ansatz consisting of a smooth part, a set of spatially correlated fluctuating fields, and a remaining, spatially uncorrelated microfluctuation field. Whereas the latter field is neglected or condensed out at the level of each macroscopic material point, the magnitudes of the spatially correlated fluctuating fields emerge at the macroscale as micromorphic fields. We develop the balance equations which these micromorphic fields must satisfy as well as a computational homogenization approach to compute the generalized stresses featuring in these equations. To demonstrate the potential of the methodology, loading cases resulting in mixed modes in both space and time are studied and compared against full-scale simulations. It is shown that the proposed framework is capable of capturing the relevant phenomena, although the inherent multiplicity of solutions entails sensitivity to the initial guess.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, Extreme Mechanics Letters, 8 April 2020
Temporal correlator in YM^2_3 and reflection-positivity violation
Creators: name: Taurines, A. R.
name: Cucchieri, A.
name: Mendes, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider numerical data for the lattice Landau gluon propagator obtained at very large lattice volumes in three-dimensional pure SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge theory (YM^2_3). We find that the temporal correlator C(t) shows an oscillatory pattern and is negative for several values of t. This is an explicit violation of reflection positivity and can be related to gluon confinement. We also obtain a good fit for this quantity in the whole time interval using a sum of Stingl-like propagators.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, presented by A.R. Taurines at the IX Hadron Physics and VII Relativistic Aspects of Nuclear Physics Workshops, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (March 28--April 3, 2004)
Blockchain and its Role in the Internet of Things (IoT).pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80503 Networking and Communications
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain (BC) in the Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel technology that acts with decentralized, distributed, public and real-time ledger to store transactions among IoT nodes. A blockchain is a series of blocks, each block is linked to its previous blocks. Every block has the cryptographic hash code, previous block hash, and its data. The transactions in BC are the basic units that are used to transfer data between IoT nodes. The IoT nodes are different kind of physical but smart devices with embedded sensors, actuators, programs and able to communicate with other IoT nodes. The role of BC in IoT is to provide a procedure to process secured records of data through IoT nodes. BC is a secured technology that can be used publicly and openly. IoT requires this kind of technology to allow secure communication among IoT nodes in heterogeneous environment. The transactions in BC could be traced and explored through anyone who are authenticated to communicate within the IoT. The BC in IoT may help to improve the communication security. In this paper, I explored this approach, its opportunities and challenges.
Performance of Egyptian Cotton Exports in International Market
Creators: name: Hatab, Assem Abu
name: Hatab, Assem Abu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The performance of Egyptian cotton exports (ECE) has been examined in the international markets during the period 1990-2006. The study has revealed a high degree of geographic concentration of ECE in India, Italy, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. Together, these markets had imported about 50 per cent of ECE during 1990-2006. The competitive advantage of Egyptian cotton has been found to be dependent on its quality not price. Japan, the Republic of Korea and Italy had provided the most stable markets for ECE during the study period. Linear regression analysis has suggested that one per cent increase in the Egypt-to-USA export price ratio leads to a decrease in ECE by about 27.8 thousand tonnes. This analysis has also shown a positive and significant effect of the World Trade Organization on ECE. The study has revealed the possibility of increasing ECE to the Indian and Korean markets.
Comparison of the fracture toughness, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of nine restorative materials over five time intervals
Creators: name: Nouri, Mohammad-Reza
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The aims of this study were: 1) to determine the effect of time on the fracture toughness (K[sub iC]), flexural strength (ϭf), and flexural modulus (E[sub f]) of six groups of direct restorative materials including amalgam; and 2) to compare the selected properties of the materials at each time. The null hypotheses tested were: 1) there is no difference between the 1-hour, 1-day, 7-day, 30-day, and 90-day values of each of the K[sub iC], cjf, and E[sub f] for each of the selected materials, and 2) there is no difference between the selected materials with respect to each of their mechanical properties tested at each time. The materials selected for this study were KetacFil (KF, ESPE) - a conventional glass-inomer cement (GIC); PhotacFil (PF; ESPE) - a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC); Dyract (Dentsply) and F2000 (3M) - polyacid-modified composite resins (PAMCR) or "compomers"; Z100 (3M) -a hybrid composite resin; Heliomolar (H; Vivadent) - a microfil composite resin; SureFil (SF; Dentsply) and Prodigy Condensable (PC; Kerr) "packable" composite resins; and Valiant PHD XT (V; Ivoclar) - a phase dispersed unicompositional amalgam. Twelve notchless triangular prisms (NTP) (6x6x6x12 mm) and twelve rectangular bars (2x2x25 mm) were made for each test at each time following manufacturers' instructions, and stored in distilled water at 37° C for the duration of the five time intervals before testing. For the K[sub iC] test, the samples were placed in a specimen holder and loaded in tension at a crosshead speed of 0.1 mm/min. The maximum load recorded before crack arrest or complete failure was used to calculate K[sub iC] in MPa*ml/2. The bars were loaded in a three point bending mode and the maximum load recorded at failure was used to calculate df. The modulus was determined from the straight portion of the stress/strain curve. The results were analyzed using a one way ANOVA followed byy Scheffe multiple means comparisons (α=0.05). Based on the limitations of this study and representative materials the results indicate that GICs are the weakest materials and are inferior to RMGIC especially in the short term. RMGICs and PAMCRs are comparable, while both are inferior to CRs and PCRs. PCRs do not show any significant improvement over conventional CRs. Amalgam has the best intrinsic properties over time. The intrinsic properties, K[sub iC] and E[sub f], appear to correlate better with the clinical success of materials than their 07 does.
Prediction of Tunable Spin-Orbit Gapped Materials for Dark Matter Detection
Creators: name: Inzani, Katherine
name: Faghaninia, Alireza
name: Griffin, Sinéad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New ideas for low-mass dark matter direct detection suggest that narrow band gap materials, such as Dirac semiconductors, are sensitive to the absorption of meV dark matter or the scattering of keV dark matter. Here we propose spin-orbit semiconductors - materials whose band gap arises due to spin-orbit coupling - as low-mass dark matter targets owing to their ~10 meV band gaps. We present three material families that are predicted to be spin-orbit semiconductors using Density Functional Theory (DFT), assess their electronic and topological features, and evaluate their use as low-mass dark matter targets. In particular, we find that that the tin pnictide compounds are especially suitable having a tunable range of meV-scale band gaps with anisotropic Fermi velocities allowing directional detection. Finally, we address the pitfalls in the DFT methods that must be considered in the ab initio prediction of narrow-gapped materials, including those close to the topological critical point.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures + SI 6 pages, 5 figures
Tree Shade and Energy Savings: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Pandit, Ram
name: Laband, David N.
name: Pandit, Ram
name: Laband, David N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Trees cast shade on homes and buildings, lowering the inside temperatures and thus reducing demand for power to cool these buildings during hot times of the year. Drawing from a large sample of residences in Auburn, Alabama, we develop a statistical model that produces specific estimates of the electricity savings generated by shade-producing trees in a suburban environment. This empirical model links residential energy consumption to hedonic characteristics of the structures, characteristics and behaviors of the occupants, and the extent, density, and timing of shade cast on the structures. Our estimates suggest that if an additional 10 percent of the 125 million home owners in America started using tree shade to reduce electricity consumption an average of 10 kwh/day for 100 days per year, the annual amount of electricity conserved would be approximately 12,500 thousand megawatts. At the 2007 average residential price of electricity ($0.1065/kwh), this would save each household an estimated $106/year and $1.3 billion in the aggregate. Moreover, the electricity saved would represent approximately one-third of the electricity produced annually in the U.S. by wind power.
Onset of classical behaviour after a phase transition
Creators: name: Rivers, R. J.
name: Lombardo, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the onset of classical behaviour in a scalar field after a continuous phase transition, in which the system-field, the long wavelength order parameter of the model, interacts with an environment of its own short-wavelength modes. We compute the decoherence time for the system-field modes from the master equation and compare it with the other time scales of the model. Within our approximations the decoherence time is in general the smallest dynamical time scale. Demanding diagonalisation of the decoherence functional produces identical results. The inclusion of other environmental fields makes diagonalisation occur even earlier.
description: Seven pages, no figures. Contributed talk to the Second International Workshop DICE2004, Piombino, Italy. To be published in the Brazilian Journal of Physics
DA_PRISMA 2009 checklist_2.doc
Creators: name: Dickson Aruhomukama
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This is a PRISMA Checklist of the meta-analysis titled: Re-thinking antimicrobial resistance transmission dynamics:a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies at referral hospitals in Uganda
  
mHealth Communication Framework using Blockchain and IoT Technologies
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: The mHealth is a term that is used for mobile health supported by smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and wearable smart devices, etc. The smart devices strengthen the efficiency and effectiveness of interaction with patients, physicians, and specialists. Patients nowadays would like to be intimately involved in their diagnosis as well as to make more informed decisions concerning their care. It has begun to measure the success of the quality of treatment. This was a reason that patients trust mHealth to provide them with consistency in their communications with the physicians. Most wireless strategies do not measure up to this standard so that patient engagement ultimately ended up decreasing. The blockchain can boost mHealth through storing and sharing electronic data securely and transparently. It can enhance the accessibility of patient information in real-time. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a unique identification number to every connected device such as mobile devices, medical devices, and wearable devices. This framework uses the blockchain and IoT technologies together to provide quick help to the patients, monitor remotely, reduce the cost and unnecessarily hospitalization physically and find the real diagnosis. In order to increase patient involvement, mHealth framework with blockchain and IoT technologies has built with the key objective of providing patients with full information on their treatment and diagnosis.
Practical and Theoretical Underpinnings of INFFER (Investment Framework For Environmental Resources)
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Roberts, Anna M.
name: Park, Geoff
name: Curatolo, April
name: Marsh, Sally P.
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Roberts, Anna M.
name: Park, Geoff
name: Curatolo, April
name: Marsh, Sally P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: INFFER (Investment Framework for Environmental Resources) was developed to help investors of public funds to improve the delivery of outcomes from environmental programs. It assists environmental managers to design projects, to select delivery mechanisms, and to rank competing projects on the basis of benefits and costs. The design of INFFER and the activities of the INFFER projects are based on extensive experience of working with environmental managers and policy makers. This experience has highlighted a number of important practical lessons, that have strongly influenced the design and implementation of INFFER. These lessons include the need for simplicity, training and support of users, trusting relationships with users, transparency, flexibility, compatibility with the needs and contexts of users, and supportive institutional arrangements. In additions, the developers have paid close attention to the need for processes that are theoretically rigorous, resulting in a tool that deals appropriately and consistently with projects for different assets types, of different scales and durations, consistent with Benefit: Cost Analysis. The paper outlines theoretical considerations underpinning the way that INFFER deals with asset valuation, time lags, uncertainty, and the design of the metric used to rank projects.
Photoevaporation of the Jovian circumplanetary disk I. Explaining the orbit of Callisto and the lack of outer regular satellites
Creators: name: Oberg, N.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Cazaux, S.
name: Rab, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The Galilean satellites are thought to have formed from a circumplanetary disk (CPD) surrounding Jupiter. When it reached a critical mass, Jupiter opened an annular gap in the solar protoplanetary disk (PPD) that might have exposed the CPD to radiation from the young Sun or from the stellar cluster in which the Solar System formed. Aims: We investigate the radiation field to which the Jovian CPD was exposed during the process of satellite formation. The resulting photoevaporation of the CPD is studied in this context to constrain possible formation scenarios for the Galilean satellites and explain architectural features of the Galilean system. Methods: We constructed a model for the stellar birth cluster to determine the intracluster far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation field. We employed analytical annular gap profiles informed by hydrodynamical simulations to investigate a range of plausible geometries for the Jovian gap. We used the radiation thermochemical code ProDiMo to evaluate the incident radiation field in the Jovian gap and the photoevaporation of an embedded 2D axisymmetric CPD. Results: We derive the time-dependent intracluster FUV radiation field for the solar birth cluster over 10 Myr. We find that intracluster photoevaporation can cause significant truncation of the Jovian CPD. We determine steady-state truncation radii for possible CPDs, finding that the outer radius is proportional to the accretion rate $\dot{M}^{0.4}$. For CPD accretion rates $\dot M < 10^{-12} M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, photoevaporative truncation explains the lack of additional satellites outside the orbit of Callisto. For CPDs of mass $M_{\rm CPD} < 10^{-6.2 M_{\odot}}$ , photoevaporation can disperse the disk before Callisto is able to migrate into the Laplace resonance. This explains why Callisto is the only massive satellite that is excluded from the resonance.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted by A&A
A Reliable Framework for Communication in Internet of Smart Devices using IEEE 802.15.4.pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80503 Networking and Communications
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Developing a new reliable framework based on IEEE 802.15.4 for the communication in internet of smart devices can be a valuable framework to improve the performance of communication reliability. The Internet of Things is a process to communicate and share information among nearby devices. But there are more challenges for secure and reliable communication. In the beginning of Internet, it was developed to communicate one device to another device using accessing the browsers. However, in the current era, high speed smart efficient devices with many advanced technologies like low power consumption, low cost etc. available to communicate with each other. The communication reliability has been raised as one of the most critical issues of wireless networking where resolving such an issue would result in a constant growth in the use and popularity of Internet of Things. The proposed research creates a framework for providing the communication reliability in the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using IEEE802.15.4. Our main contribution links a new study that integrates reliability to the communication framework and provides reliable connection in internet of smart devices. This study will be useful in Internet of Things framework. The algorithm has been experimentally implemented. The proposed framework predicts well in our comprehensive experiments.
Policy for climate change adaptation in agriculture
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A number of Australian governments have established or planned programs to assist farmers in adapting to climate change. This paper considers a potential range of policy responses that may be appropriate for climate change adaptation in agriculture. It discusses the extent to which different policy responses may be justified on the basis of market-failure and the likelihood of positive net benefits. While research and extension have the potential to generate significant benefits, there is a need to carefully consider their rationales and emphases. Given the characteristics of climate change (slow, highly uncertain, small relative to climate variability, spatially heterogeneous), the value of information from research and extension to guide farmers’ decision making about adaptation is likely to be low for decisions about farming practices and land uses. Such information would be more valuable for decisions that are larger and indivisible, such as land purchase or the decision to exit from agriculture. Policy options that appear likely to generate relatively large benefits are technology development, quarantine/eradication/containment of pests and weeds, and water market reform. This assessment is not consistent with the emphasis of existing government programs.
An analytical framework for incorporating land use change and forestry in a dynamic CGE model
Creators: name: Pant, Hom M.
name: Pant, Hom M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Forestry poses a challenge to computable general equilibrium (CGE) modellers working with recursively dynamic models. This is because of the lag between its inputs and output, which do not correspond to the same time period as other sectors. Inputs are applied for a number of years before a forest is ready for harvest. As a result, attempts in the past to incorporate a well-specified forestry sector in a recursive CGE model have been only partly successful. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap by presenting a consistent analytical framework which can be used to incorporate forestry into a recursively dynamic global CGE model. A key feature of the framework is that it splits the forestry activity into three parts—planting, holding and harvesting. Planting and harvesting are done by standard production sectors and holding is done by investors, whose behaviour is already modelled in these CGE models. In addition, global forests are classified into three groups—commercial plantation forests, environmental plantation forests and native forests. All harvested forest land is made available for competition for alternative agricultural uses and will be allocated to the activity it is best suited for, given productivity differences for different activities. This framework can be used in a CGE modelling framework to support implementation of the proposed reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) schemes as well as being applied to study land allocations, nationally and globally, across activities under alternative scenario assumptions. For example, the model can be used to project the effects on food production and prices of an increase in bio-fuel subsidies.
Can incentive-based spatial management work in the Eastern tuna and billfish fishery?
Creators: name: Pascoe, Sean
name: Wilcox, Chris
name: Dowling, Natalie
name: Taranto, Tom
name: Pascoe, Sean
name: Wilcox, Chris
name: Dowling, Natalie
name: Taranto, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Eastern tuna and billfish fishery (ETBF) is currently managed through an input quota system based on individual transferable effort units (the number of hooks) and a total allowable effort level (i.e. total number of hooks) A spatial management policy based on a series of differential hook-penalties has been proposed as a flexible tool to discourage vessels operating in certain areas (e.g. those with high bycatch potential) and encourage operating in other areas (e.g. with less bycatch potential). In this study, the importance of catch rates per hook to location choice is assessed through the estimation of a nested multinomial logit model. Other variables in the model include distance to the location, prices of the main species, fuel prices and vessel characteristics. The effects of increasing hook penalties in key areas on fishing effort in those areas and elsewhere are assessed. Implications for vessel economic performance are also assessed.
Prioritising investment to enhance biodiversity in an agricultural landscape
Creators: name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Rowles, Alexei
name: Park, Geoff
name: Roberts, Anna M.
name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Rowles, Alexei
name: Park, Geoff
name: Roberts, Anna M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The removal, alteration and fragmentation of habitat are key threats to the biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Investment to protect biodiversity assets (e.g. restoration of native vegetation) in dominantly agricultural landscapes usually results in a loss of agricultural production. This can be a significant cost that is often overlooked or poorly addressed in analyses to prioritise such investments. Accounting for this trade-off is important for more successful, realistically feasible and cost-effective biodiversity conservation. We developed a spatially explicit bio-economic optimisation model that simulates the effect of conservation effort on the diversity of woodland-dependent birds in the Avoca catchment (330 thousand ha) in North-Central Victoria. The model minimises opportunity cost of agricultural production and cost of biodiversity conservation effort on a catchment level subject to achieving different levels of biodiversity outcome. We identify the locations and spatial arrangement of conservation efforts that offers the best value for money.
Schoolyard revealed
Creators: name: McNiven, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Schoolyards in North America are isolated from their neighbourhood contexts . This isolation deprives school children of the many opportunities found in the local landscape and in the relationships with people in the surrounding community. Schoolyards have been, until most recently, overlooked as cultural resources for the communities they serve. Little attention has been given to their design nor their purpose other than the containment of children and their engagement in gross motor activities. This paper describes the different ways that a schoolyard could be used while offering to school children opportunities for exploration, creative thinking and experiential learning. To explore the cultural importance of this public space, social and cultural programs are integrated within the schoolyard design.
Fundamental tone, concentration of density to points and conformal degeneration on surfaces
Creators: name: Girouard, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58G25 (Primary)

description: We study the effect of two types of degeneration of the Riemannian metric on the first eigenvalue of the Laplace operator on surfaces. In both cases we prove that the first eigenvalue of the round sphere is an optimal asymptotic upper bound. The first type of degeneration is concentration of the density to a point within a conformal class. The second is degeneration of the conformal class to the boundary of the moduli space on the torus and on the Klein bottle. In the latter, we follow the outline proposed by N. Nadirashvili in 1996.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures; typo corrected
Valuing protection of the Great Barrier Reef with choice modelling by management policy options
Creators: name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Valuing protection of the Great Barrier Reef with choice modelling by management policy options
Ordering in Cs2CuCl4: Is there a proximate spin liquid?
Creators: name: Isakov, S. V.
name: Senthil, T.
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The layered spiral magnet Cs2CuCl4 displays several interesting properties that have been suggested as evidence of proximity to a two dimensional quantum spin liquid. In this paper we study a concrete version of this proposal and suggest experiments that can potentially confirm it. We study universal critical properties of two-dimensional frustrated quantum magnets near the quantum phase transition between a spiral magnetic state and a spin liquid state with gapped bosonic spinons in the framework of the O(4) invariant critical theory proposed earlier(Chubukov et al, cond-mat/9402006). Direct numerical calculation of the anomalous exponent in spin correlations shows that the critical scattering has broad continua qualitatively similar to experiment. More remarkably we show that the enlarged O(4) symmetry leads to the same slow power law decay for the vector spin chirality and the Neel correlations. We show how this may be observed through polarized neutron scattering experiments. A number of other less dramatic consequences of the critical theory are outlined as well.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
750 MHz radio frequency quadrupole with trapezoidal vanes for carbon ion therapy
Creators: name: Bencini, Vittorio
name: Pommerenke, Hermann W.
name: Grudiev, Alexej
name: Lombardi, Alessandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-frequency linear accelerators are very suitable for carbon ion therapy, thanks to the reduced operational costs and the high beam quality with respect to synchrotrons, which are presently the only available technology for this application. In the framework of the development of a new linac for carbon ion therapy, this article describes the design of a compact 750 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) with trapezoidal vanes. A new semi-analytic approach to design the trapezoidal-vane RFQ is introduced together with the relevant beam dynamics properties. The RFQ is split into two decoupled rf cavities, both of which make use of a novel dipole detuning technique by means of length adjustment. The splitting is described both from the rf and the beam dynamics point of view. The paper concludes with the rf design of the full structure, including maximum surface field and thermal studies.
description: Revised version published in Physical Review Accelerators and Beams on 31 December 2020
Thermodynamics of Spin-1/2 AF-AF-F and F-F-AF Trimerized Quantum Heisenberg Chains
Creators: name: Gu, Bo
name: Su, Gang
name: Gao, Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetization process, the susceptibility and the specific heat of the spin-1/2 AF-AF-F and F-F-AF trimerized quantum Heisenberg chains have been investigated by means of the transfer matrix renormalization group (TMRG) technique as well as the modified spin-wave (MSW) theory. A magnetization plateau at $m=1/6$ for both trimerized chains is observed at low temperature. The susceptibility and the specific heat show various behaviors for different ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions and in different magnetic fields. The TMRG results of susceptibility and the specific heat can be nicely fitted by a linear superposition of double two-level systems, where two fitting equations are proposed. Three branch excitations, one gapless excitation and two gapful excitations, for both systems are found within the MSW theory. It is observed that the MSW theory captures the main characteristics of the thermodynamic behaviors at low temperatures. The TMRG results are also compared with the possible experimental data.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures