cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The manufacturing structure of Canadian cities
Creators: name: O'Carroll, Anthony Cecil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The overall purpose of this study is to provide new insights into the Canadian urban system through an analysis of economic activities at the inter-urban scale. The thesis analyses the urban system in terms of secondary economic activities, more specifically through the manufacturing industries of 41 Canadian cities with a population of over 30,000 in 1961. The investigation contains elements of traditional classification oriented and economic base approaches to urban economic functional analysis. However, an attempt is made to use the idea of the urban system to provide a more productive analysis of inter-urban economic functions. Correlation and bonding techniques are used to establish patterns of manufacturing similarities, upon which to base further analysis. Eight sets of cities and five distinct types of manufacturing profile are identified for the 41 cities, and the structural-spatial regularities identified are felt to be consistent with a center-periphery model of the general overall manufacturing structure of the Canadian economy. The analysis is pursued in terms of the investigation of the relationships between predominant manufacturing similarities of cities and various aspects of city size and location. Forward stepwise regression was considered an appropriate statistical procedure for the purpose of examining these relationships. From this analysis similarities between the cities are partially related to factors of size, relative location and historical evolution.
NGO involvement in nature conservation in Australia and Japan : a preliminary study of the differences
Creators: name: Matsushita, Sanae
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In the past few decades, environmental awareness has significantly increased in many parts of the world. In Australia, nature conservation interest groups have been central in raising this awareness, particularly non-governmental organisations (NG0s). NG0si have performed an important role throughout the history of the Australian nature conservation movement. They have attained considerable social status and political influence. On the other hand, Japanese conservation awareness appears to be generally lower than in Australia. Although many NGOs are enthusiastically working on conservation issues, their status is not as high as their Australian counterparts. This thesis examines the features and importance of NGOs working in the conservation of the natural environment in Australia and Japan. It is a preliminary study, in the sense that it aims to establish whether there are differences between NGOs in the two countries, and to indicate some of the characteristics of such differences. Since Australia and Japan are different historically, culturally, and socially, a broad perspective is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of nature conservation and NGOs involved in each country. From the relevant literature, the thesis provides a historical perspective as well as investigating some important socio-cultural aspects. In addition, interviews with representatives from selected NGOs at different scales (international, Federal/National, State/Prefectural, and local) in each country were undertaken to examine their current involvement with nature conservation and their relationships with the rest of the community. The interviews are used to define some of the differences, and also to review and supplement the literature findings. The sample of NGOs was small and the information sought was mostly qualitative. Thus, the results cannot claim to represent NGOs in general, but are useful explanations of NGO characters and operations which can suggest further areas of research. The thesis points to several significant differences between Australian and Japanese conservation NG0s. For example, Australian NGOs are far more involved in Federal and State politics, in contrast to the distancing of Japanese NGOs from national political structures. Generally, public support for NGOs appeared to be the key factor generating the observed differences. Chronological, historical, and social factors are suggested as possible influences fashioning public attitudes to both nature conservation and conservation NG0s.
title: Educational Grouping and Students' Self Concept
Creators: name: Giboney, John N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1962

description: The question of ability grouping in education has achieved prominence, especially in recent years. Much of the emphasis placed on grouping students according to ability rather than chronological age is a product of modern times and progressive education. Although not accepted by all educators, there is a definite movement toward such a procedure in public schools today. It is held by the advocates of ability grouping that students will benefit more in a situation where they proceed at a rate prescribed by their ability rather than a hypothetical average or norm. Several well-controlled studies (3, 33, 44) have shown that in situations where students are grouped homogeneously according to respective ability there is an increase in achievement. All of these studies have compared performance and achievement under both systems of grouping and have showed that the homogeneously grouped students benefit more than students in a social promotion situation. The stand taken by the advocates of ability grouping is therefore expressed in terms of achievement and academic advantages. This, for the most part, comprises the reason for preference over traditional social promotion.
The argument against ability grouping is based primarily on social injustice to the student. Although this argument finds little support in terms of well-controlled research and empirical evidence, several articles (5, 17, 54) illustrate why many educators oppose ability grouping on the basis of social injustice. There is little disagreement as to the merits of such a procedure in terms of student achievement, however. The concern lies rather in pupil adjustment in situations where he learns at a rate prescribed by his ability among only those possessing similar ability. Theoretically, this places students in all of the ability levels in restricted environments which in turn limits social interaction. If students do not learn to adjust to diverse social situations in the school and during these critical years of development, where and when will they learn? This is a major question raised by those who oppose ability grouping.
The possibility that ability grouping might not only inhibit adjustment in social situations, but also have a negative effect upon the self concept of students is also characteristic of this argument. An example of this would be the slow learner who is placed in a group which proceeds at a slower rate than that of others his age. This student recognizes that his performance and ability are inferior to those students in other groups. It is possible that in such a situation the student might acquire feelings of inferiority which may persist and develop into more serious emotional disorders later. This, the opposition to ability grouping would maintain, is of major concern.
Preconditioning and Locality in Algorithm Design
Creators: name: Li, Jason
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science

description: Algorithms is a broad, rich, and fast-growing field. For the latter half of last century, many branches of algorithms have emerged and grown in popularity, and many different techniques have been invented to solve the central problems in each area. Some of these techniques, such as the push-relabel algorithm for maximum flow, are specially designed to solve a single problem. Other techniques, such as the multiplicative weights update method, are more general and applicable to a wide range of problems. And others, such as dynamic programming, divide and conquer, and linear programming relaxation and rounding, are so fundamental that they have not only pervaded every branch of algorithms, but have ultimately reshaped the way we approach algorithm design. This thesis is devoted to studying two more modern algorithmic techniques,namely preconditioning and locality, which were pioneered by Spielman and Teng [106] in their ground-breaking work on Laplacian system solvers and have seen countless new applications in the past decade. In this thesis, I successfullyapply preconditioning and locality to resolve fundamental open problems from a wide array of algorithmic subfields, from fast, sequential algorithms to deterministicalgorithms to parallel algorithms, thereby demonstrating the power and versatility of the two techniques. Taking one step further, I make my case that preconditioning and locality are more than just powerful tools with countless applications: they are new, fundamental ways of thinking about algorithms that have the potential to revolutionize algorithm design just like dynamic programming and divide and conquer had done in the past.
Freezing of spin dynamics and omega/T scaling in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Sega, Igor
name: Prelovsek, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The memory function approach to spin dynamics in doped antiferromagnetic insulator combined with the assumption of temperature independent static spin correlations and constant collective mode damping leads to omega/T scaling in a broad range. The theory involving a non universal scaling parameter is used to analyze recent inelastic neutron scattering results for underdoped cuprates. Adopting modified damping function also the emerging central peak in low-doped cuprates at low temperatures can be explained within the same framework.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; to appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (ICM2009 Conference, Karlsruhe, Germany)
A Remark on Zeros of Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Weber, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65, 60G17

description: Let $ \{W(t), t\ge 0\}$ be a standard Brownian motion. If $I$ is a bounded interval on which $W $ has no zero, an almost sure lower bound to $\inf\{|W(t)|, t\in I\}$ can be provided, when $I$ is taken from a given countable family of intervals covering the positive half-line.
Decomposition process in a FeAuPd alloy nanostructured by severe plastic deformation
Creators: name: Sauvage, Xavier
name: Chbihi, Abdelahad
name: Gunderov, Dmitry
name: Belozerov, E. V.
name: Popov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decomposition process mechanisms have been investigated in a Fe50Au25Pd25 (at.%) alloy processed by severe plastic deformation. Phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction and microstructures were observed using transmission electron microscopy. In the coarse grain alloy homogenized and aged at $450 ^{circ}\mathrm{C}$, the bcc α-Fe and fcc AuPd phases nucleate in the fcc supersaturated solid solution and grow by a discontinuous precipitation process resulting in a typical lamellar structure. The grain size of the homogenized FeAuPd alloy was reduced in a range of 50 to 100nm by high pressure torsion. Aging at $450 ^{circ}\mathrm{C}$ this nanostructure leads to the decomposition of the solid solution into an equi-axed microstructure. The grain growth is very limited during aging and the grain size remains under 100nm. The combination of two phases with different crystallographic structures (bcc α-Fe and fcc AuPd) and of the nanoscaled grain size gives rise to a significant hardening of the alloy
Exploring Subglacial Antarctic Lake Environments
Creators: name: Priscu, J. C.
name: Kennicutt, M. C.
name: Bell, Robin E.
name: Bulat, S. A.
name: Ellis-Evans, J. C.
name: Lukin, V. V.
name: Petit, J.-R.
name: Powell, R. D.
name: Siegert, M. J.
name: Tabacco, I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Submarine geology
subject: Geophysics

description: While subglacial lakes have been suspected, and speculated about, for more than 50 years, recent analyses of historical and new data have shown that liquid water environments are common beneath the vast Antarctic Ice Sheet. Airborne radar surveys have now documented more than 145 subglacial lakes, the largest being Lake Vostok located 4 km beneath the vast East Antarctic Ice Sheet (Figure 1). The public and scientists alike have been intrigued by the possibility that these environments harbor life in conditions not previously studied on our planet. Planning for the exploration and study of these unique environments has focused international attention on the challenges presented by the way science is conducted in such settings while providing for environmental protection and stewardship. Exploration of subglacial environments will require careful and detailed planning, adoption of environmental protocols, and international cooperation.
Hydraulic piston coring of late Neogene and Quaternary sections in the Caribbean and equatorial Pacific: Preliminary results of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 68
Creators: name: Prell, Warren L.
name: Gardner, James V.
name: Adelseck, Charles
name: Blechschmidt, Gretchen
name: Fleet, Andrew J.
name: Keigwin, Lloyd D.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Ledbetter, Michael T.
name: Mann, Ulrich
name: Mayer, Larry
name: Reidel, William R.
name: Sancetta, Constance
name: Spariosu, Dann J.
name: Zimmerman, Herman B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: Leg 68 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project used the newly developed Hydraulic Piston Corer (HPC) to recover two virtually continuous, undisturbed sections of late Neogene and Quaternary sediment. The sites are located in the western Caribbean (Site 502, 4 holes) and in the eastern equatorial Pacific (Site 503, 2 holes). The sediment of Site 502 is primarily foram-bearing nanno marl which accumulated at about 3 to 4 cm/thousand yr. The bottom of Site 502 (228.7 m) is ~8 m.y. old. The sediment of Site 503 is primarily siliceous calcareous ooze which accumulated at about 2 to 3 cm/thousand yr. The bottom of Site 503 (235.0 m) is ~8 m.y. old. The magnetostratigraphy of both sites was determined on the R.V. Glomar Challenger with a long-core spinner magnetometer. All paleomagnetic boundaries through the Gilbert were identified in Site 502; most of them were identified in Site 503. The sediment at both sites shows a distinct cyclicity of calcium carbonate content. These relatively high accumulation rate, continuous, undisturbed HPC cores will enable a wide variety of high-resolution biostratigraphic, paleoclimatic, and paleoceanographic studies heretofore not feasible.
title: An Evaluation of Social Stars, Regulars, Neglectees, and Isolates in Ability-Grouped and Random-Grouped Classrooms
Creators: name: Standing, Benjamin W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1962

description: Education in the United States attempts to present maximum opportunities for learning in a democratic atmosphere. Many great educators have sought means to accomplish this end. Today, because of the stimulating force of other nations, even greater pressure is being brought to bear to achieve these goals. The plan of grouping pupils according to their abilities has been presented as one way to facilitate learning.
Ability grouping is the assigning of pupils who are essentially alike to special grade levels and to parallel sections of the same grade. Although it may be thought that ability grouping is a new procedure, as early as 1920 the Detroit schools divided ten thousand students entering the first grade into three groups, on the basis of group intelligence tests. A letter classification of X, Y, or Z was given to each group. Group X was composed of the highest 20 per cent of the new enrollment; Group Y, of the middle 60 per cent; and Group Z, of the lower 20 per cent of the pupils.
From the first recorded use of ability grouping, different methods of grouping have been used, with varying degrees of success. In the United States, during 1947-48, over half of the 1,598 city school systems were using ability grouping in some form or another in at least one of their schools. The percentage of cities using ability grouping ranged from 72 per cent in cities of more than 100,000 population, to 44 per cent in cities of 2,500 to 5,000 population.
Typical of problems arising in ability grouping are: the relationship of ability grouping to achievement, the relationship of ability grouping to attitudes, the relationship of ability grouping to emotions, and the relationship of ability grouping to social acceptance.
The purpose of this thesis is an evaluation of problems arising in ability grouping in relation to social acceptance, or sociometrics.
El Niño
Creators: name: Cane, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The connection between El Nino and climate is not restricted merely to the region directly touched by the El Nino current; rather, it is a global pattern of anomalies referred to as the Southern Oscillation. Major El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, such as those of 1891 or 1982, have profound global ecological, social, arid economic consequences. ENSO is also of scientific interest as the best-defined, most prominent signal in year-to-year climate variability. As such, it is widely perceived as an entree to a broader understanding of the atmosphere and ocean as a coupled climate system.
Geometric phases and hidden gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second quantized approach to geometric phases is reviewed. The second quantization generally induces a hidden local (time-dependent) gauge symmetry. This gauge symmetry defines the parallel transport and holonomy, and thus it controls all the known geometric phases, either adiabatic or non-adiabatic, in a unified manner. The transitional region from the adiabatic to non-adiabatic phases is thus analyzed in a quantitative way. It is then shown that the topology of the adiabatic Berry's phase is trivial in a precise sense and also the adiabatic phase is rather fragile against the non-adiabatic deformation. In this formulation, the notion such as the projective Hilbert space does not appear.
description: 6 pages. To be published in the Bulletin of Asia-Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP)
Anomalous diffusion in disordered multi-channel systems
Creators: name: Juhász, R.
name: Iglói, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study diffusion of a particle in a system composed of K parallel channels, where the transition rates within the channels are quenched random variables whereas the inter-channel transition rate v is homogeneous. A variant of the strong disorder renormalization group method and Monte Carlo simulations are used. Generally, we observe anomalous diffusion, where the average distance travelled by the particle, []_{av}, has a power-law time-dependence []_{av} ~ t^{μ_K(v)}, with a diffusion exponent 0 \le μ_K(v) \le 1. In the presence of left-right symmetry of the distribution of random rates, the recurrent point of the multi-channel system is independent of K, and the diffusion exponent is found to increase with K and decrease with v. In the absence of this symmetry, the recurrent point may be shifted with K and the current can be reversed by varying the lane change rate v.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Global variations in H_2O/Ce: 2. Relationships to arc magma geochemistry and volatile fluxes
Creators: name: Ruscitto, Daniel M.
name: Wallace, Paul J.
name: Cooper, Lauren B.
name: Plank, Terry A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: We compiled a data set of 100 primitive arc magma compositions from melt inclusion and whole rock analyses to compare volatile contents, slab tracers, and calculated subduction component compositions between 18 subduction zone segments spanning the global range in slab thermal structure. The average primitive magma H_2O content in our data set is 3.3 ± 1.2 wt.% (1 s.d.) for melts erupted within 50 km of the volcanic front. While there is a wide range of volatile contents in magmas within individual arcs, the highest values occur in magmas erupted from vents along the volcanic front, where the subducting slab is located 104 ± 29 km (avg ± 1 s.d.) beneath the surface. This observation, coupled with positive correlations between H_2O, Cl, S, and B contents and predictions from geodynamic models, provides strong evidence for the active supply of volatile-rich slab-derived components from the subducting oceanic plate beneath volcanic arcs. We also show that temperature-sensitive ratios (e.g., H_2O/Ce) for both primitive arc magmas and calculated subduction components are similar and display monotonic behavior with slab thermal parameter. Furthermore, calculated subduction component compositions have higher trace element to H_2O ratios in arcs with hotter slabs (lower thermal parameter), suggesting that hydrous melts of differing compositions are added beneath different arcs. Finally, we present new volatile outflux estimates for Central Cascades magmatism and then compare these to estimates for the Central American and Kamchatka-Kurile arcs to create a combined data set spanning a large range in slab thermal parameter.
Stresin Dil ve Konuşma Bozukluğu Üzerindeki Etkisi
Creators: name: Zehra Çetin, İrem Berfin Yalduz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: stres, konuşma,dil

description: Dil ve konuşma terapisi öğrencilerinde görülen stresin dil ve konuşma bozukluğu üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmaya bağlı olarak stresin dil ve konuşma üzerinde etkisinin oluğu görülmektedir. Belirlenen yaş, sınıf, cinsiyet, bölüm ve medeni durum demografik değişkenlerinin sorulara ilişkin anlamlı farklılıklar oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. Bu araştırmada stresin dil ve konuşma bozukluğu üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu verilerle ortaya konmuştur.
A theoretical investigation of organic rearrangements
Creators: name: Heard, GL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Ab initio and semi-empirical molecular orbital methods have been used to study the rearrangement pathways of ammonium ylides. There are two primary competing rearrangements of ammonium ylides, a [1,2] migration (Stevens rearrangement) and a [3,2] rearrangement (usually followed by rearomatisation as the Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement). The mechanism of the Stevens rearrangement has been determined by an investigation of twelve model rearrangements. A dissociative radical mechanism is predicted to be the true mechanism in all cases of alkyl migration. There is no competition from the formally symmetry-forbidden concerted mechanism, or from an ion-pair dissociative pathway. The interaction of lithium ions from the bases used to generate ammonium ylides does not affect the mechanism. The effects of solvation have been taken into account using polarisable continuum models,supermolecule calculations (at PM3) and a hybrid polarisable continuum-supermolecule model (in an effort to take into account both electrostatic and specific solvent-solute interactions). Incorporation of solvent effects does not change the prediction of a radical pair pathway for the Stevens rearrangement. The concerted transition geometry for the [3,2] rearrangement has been characterised for fifteen model rearrangements. The important factor in the activation energy of the [3,2] rearrangement is in aligning the carbanion lone pair to be in a favourable position to interact with the vacant It* orbital of the double bond. This requires rotation about the N‚ÄövÑvÆC and C‚ÄövÑvÆC bonds. The competition between the [1,2] and [3,2] rearrangements for a prototype ylide, N-methyl-3-propenyl ammonium methylide, has been investigated. The activation energies for the two processes are remarkably close, separated by 2 kJ mol -1 at ROMP2/6-311+G(d,p). Increasing the size of the basis set leads to a relative stabilisation of the [3,2] transition geometry, while higher levels of electron correlation (such as CCSD(T)) favour the [1,2] rearrangement. Incorporation of solvent effects via the SCRF polarisable continuum model leads to a lowering of the energy barrier of the concerted [3,2] rearrangement, but have little effect on the radical [1,2] rearrangement. The activation energies of both pathways have been calculated for ylides bearing substituents on the ammonium nitrogen and the double bond. Substituents at nitrogen lead to an ylide which is sterically unstable, and hence a preference for the dissociative [1,2] rearrangement. Electron-withdrawing substituents on the double bond show a preference for the [3,2] rearrangement, mildly electron-donating alkyl substituents have very little effect on activation energies. The sulfonium ylide is shown to have a much smaller barrier to the [3,2] rearrangement than its nitrogen analogue, and there is no competition from the Stevens rearrangement, which, in the sulfonium case, has a similar barrier to dissociation as in the nitrogen case.
Gaussian Belief Propagation Based Multiuser Detection
Creators: name: Bickson, Danny
name: Dolev, Danny
name: Shental, Ori
name: Siegel, Paul H.
name: Wolf, Jack K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.5

description: In this work, we present a novel construction for solving the linear multiuser detection problem using the Gaussian Belief Propagation algorithm. Our algorithm yields an efficient, iterative and distributed implementation of the MMSE detector. We compare our algorithm's performance to a recent result and show an improved memory consumption, reduced computation steps and a reduction in the number of sent messages. We prove that recent work by Montanari et al. is an instance of our general algorithm, providing new convergence results for both algorithms.
description: 6 pages, 1 figures, appeared in the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Toronto, July 2008
Structure of the Dead Sea Pull-Apart Basin From Gravity Analyses
Creators: name: Ten Brink, U. S.
name: Ben-Avraham, Z.
name: Bell, Robin E.
name: Hassouneh, M.
name: Coleman, D. F.
name: Andreasen, G.
name: Tibor, G.
name: Coakley, B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Analyses and modeling of gravity data in the Dead Sea pull-apart basin reveal the geometry of the basin and constrain models for its evolution. The basin is located within a valley which defines the Dead Sea transform plate boundary between Africa and Arabia. Three hundred kilometers of continuous marine gravity data, collected in a lake occupying the northern part of the basin, were integrated with land gravity data from Israel and Jordan to provide coverage to 30 km either side of the basin. Free-air and variable-density Bouguer anomaly maps, a horizontal first derivative map of the Bouguer anomaly, and gravity models of profiles across and along the basin were used with existing geological and geophysical information to infer the structure of the basin. The basin is a long (132 km), narrow (7-10 km), and deep (≤10 km) full graben which is bounded by subvertical faults along its long sides. The Bouguer anomaly along the axis of the basin decreases gradually from both the northern and southern ends, suggesting that the basin sags toward the center and is not bounded by faults at its narrow ends. The surface expression of the basin is wider at its center (≤16 km) and covers the entire width of the transform valley due to the presence of shallower blocks that dip toward the basin. These blocks are interpreted to represent the widening of the basin by a passive collapse of the valley floor as the full graben deepened. The collapse was probably facilitated by movement along the normal faults that bound the transform valley. We present a model in which the geometry of the Dead Sea basin (i.e., full graben with relative along-axis symmetry) may be controlled by stretching of the entire (brittle and ductile) crust along its long axis. There is no evidence for the participation of the upper mantle in the deformation of the basin, and the Moho is not significantly elevated. The basin is probably close to being isostatically uncompensated, and thermal effects related to stretching are expected to be minimal. The amount of crustal stretching calculated from this model is 21 km and the stretching factor is 1.19. If the rate of crustal stretching is similar to the rate of relative plate motion (6 mm/yr), the basin should be ~3.5 m.y. old, in accord with geological evidence.
Paleomagnetic results of Tertiary sediments from Corsica: evidence of post-Eocene rotation
Creators: name: Vigliotti, L.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: Middle Eocene (Lutetian) and Lower to Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) sediments from Corsica have been investigated in a paleomagnetic study to constrain the amount and timing of tectonic rotation of the Corsican block with respect to Sardinia and stable Eurasia. The sediments are generally characterized by weak and unstable magnetization, and only five Eocene and five Miocene sites out of 23 sites sampled provided interpretable data. Our best estimate for the Eocene paleomagnetic field for Corsica suggests ∼ 37° of counter-clockwise rotation, and no latitudinal change, with respect to stable Eurasia in post-Eocene time. This is similar to the amount of tectonic rotation documented from Oligo-Miocene volcanics from Sardinia, which is therefore consistent with Corsica and Sardinia being part of the same tectonic block since at least the early to middle Tertiary. Paleomagnetic results from the Miocene sites may represent remagnetizations but the presence of reversed polarity magnetization at three of the five accepted sites indicates acquisition before the late Pleistocene. The final rotation history of Corsica nevertheless is left unresolved.
Canadian political thinker: Pierre Elliot [sic] Trudeau : an analysis of his published writings 1950-1966
Creators: name: Haynal, George Leslie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Pierre Elliott Trudeau was an active participant in the decade of social reform and political awakening that preceded the Quiet Revolution in Quebec, and continued to act as a non-partisan social and political critic until his entry into the federal liberal party in 1966. He based his contribution as pamphleteer for various movements of reform on certain basic philosophical principles. These principles can be described as a belief in the absolute value of humanity, the efficacy of reason in human action, and the necessity of moral participation by the individual in the determination of all phases of his existence. Though these principles are not systematically presented, they are discernible and their understanding is essential as a first step in any appreciation of Trudeau.
Looking in the Wrong Direction: Emptiness and the Aesthetic Feeling in the Early Works of Collective Actions
Creators: name: Gribkova, Nadezda
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis examines the early works of Soviet conceptual performance art group Collective Actions, founded in 1976, and focuses on the way the group employed the concept of “emptiness” as a motif throughout its practice. Notions of nothingness, emptiness, and dematerialization dominate the visual language of much conceptual art in post-war Western and late-Soviet contexts and articulate a critical position vis-à-vis the old, assumed to be retrograde, notions of structure, State, and aesthetic form. I argue that the performance art practices of Collective Actions negotiate a productive relationship between emptiness and collectivity through artistic practice that relies on, at the time suspect, categories of structure, composition, and social form, articulating conditions for an aesthetic experience.
Predictions of the Constrained Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Athron, P.
name: King, S. F.
name: Miller, D. J.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Nevzorov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the predictions of a constrained version of the exceptional supersymmetric standard model (cE6SSM), based on a universal high energy soft scalar mass m_0, soft trilinear coupling A_0 and soft gaugino mass M_1/2. We predict a supersymmetry (SUSY) spectrum containing a light gluino, a light wino-like neutralino and chargino pair and a light bino-like neutralino, with other sparticle masses except the lighter stop being much heavier. In addition, the cE6SSM allows the possibility of light exotic colour triplet charge 1/3 fermions and scalars, leading to early exotic physics signals at the LHC. We focus on the possibility of a Z' gauge boson with mass close to 1 TeV, and low values of (m0,M_1/2), which would correspond to an LHC discovery using "first data", and propose a set of benchmark points to illustrate this.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures; version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Tectonic Implications of a Remagnetization Event in the Newark Basin
Creators: name: Witte, William K.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Newark basin red beds contain a secondary magnetization (the B component) acquired during the Middle Jurassic after the 5°-20° basin-wide northwesterly dip was imparted to the strata of the basin and after most, if not all, of the limb rotation in the Jacksonwald syncline. The B component magnetization was most likely related to the same hydrothermal event which evidently remagnetized many of the igneous intrusions in the basin and reset their K/Ar systems at 175 Ma. The remagnetization of the red beds occurred over a few million years and was approximately coincident with the transition from continental rifting to seafloor spreading in the adjacent North Atlantic. The B component magnetization direction yields a paleomagnetic pole at 74°N, 96°E (K = 63, A_95 = 2.6°, N = 50 sites) after structural correction for 1/3 of the Jacksonwald folding and none of the regional tilt. This pole supports recent evidence for a high-latitude model of Jurassic apparent polar wander for North America.
Law, life, death, responsibility, and control in an age of autonomous robotic warfare
Creators: name: Hughes, Joshua
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Autonomous Weapon Systems
Autonomous Weapons
Killer Robots
Autonomous Warfare
Artificial Intelligence
Weapons Law
Targeting Law
Law of Armed Conflict
International Human Rights Law
International Criminal Law
International Humanitarian Law

description: Autonomous weapon systems (AWS) can select and engage targets without human intervention. They, therefore, act as both weapons and fighters in combat. The current legal rules governing these areas are written for humans to apply and abide by, with a subsequent responsibility regime for violations. Thus, as machines, AWS pose a challenge to these legal rules. This thesis asks if international law as it currently stands is sufficient to regulate AWS, or if new law is required? This thesis presents a novel way of understanding the relationship between AWS and those who control them that is rooted in the lex lata. It demonstrates that AWS exist at the centre of ‘layers of control’ where the influence of political decision-makers, weapons reviewers, AWS developers, and AWS users can clearly be seen. Doing so views AWS as their legal agents, meaning that the legal regimes regulating weapons, targeting, and responsibility can be applied to the actions of AWS through these controlling entities. Ultimately, this thesis concludes that, in most cases, current international law rules are sufficient to regulate the development, use, and responsibility for AWS. In coming to this conclusion through the ‘layers of control’ approach, it is argued that: the weapons law regime needs to be interpreted flexibly in order that the autonomous nature of AWS can be sufficiently considered; human beings must, for the foreseeable future, play a significant rule in the use of AWS; the entities controlling AWS must be seen as acting through these systems in order for responsibility to be sufficiently attributed to them.
Alternative evaluation of statistical indicators in atoms: the non-relativistic and relativistic cases
Creators: name: Sanudo, Jaime
name: Lopez-Ruiz, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, the calculation of a statistical measure of complexity and the Fisher-Shannon information is performed for all the atoms in the periodic table. Non-relativistic and relativistic cases are considered. We follow the method suggested in [C.P. Panos, N.S. Nikolaidis, K. Ch. Chatzisavvas, C.C. Tsouros, arXiv:0812.3963v1] that uses the fractional occupation probabilities of electrons in atomic orbitals, instead of the continuous electronic wave functions. For the order of shell filling in the relativistic case, we take into account the effect due to electronic spin-orbit interaction. The increasing of both magnitudes, the statistical complexity and the Fisher-Shannon information, with the atomic number $Z$ is observed. The shell structure and the irregular shell filling is well displayed by the Fisher-Shannon information in the relativistic case.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Reply to Comment by Robert F. Butler, Steven R. May, and David R. Bazard on "High-Latitude Paleomagnetic Poles From Middle Jurassic Plutons and Moat Volcanics in New England . . ."
Creators: name: Van Fossen, Mickey C.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Butler et al. [this issue] question the reliability of our 166 Ma Moat volcanics pole (82øN, 090øE, A95 = 5.6 ø) and high-latitude model for Middle Jurassic North American apparent polar wander (APW) [Van Fossen and Kent, 1990]. They review arguments in support of the 172 Ma Corral Canyon result (62øN, 116øE, A95 = 6.2 ø [May et al., 1986]) as a key Middle Jurassic reference pole for their lower-latitude palcomagnetic Euler pole model of Jurassic North American APW [May and Butler, 1986]. In this reply we address their concerns and maintain that the Corral Canyon pole and the lower-latitude model of APW it contributes to are suspect in light of global Jurassic palcomagnetic data and especially recent palcomagnetic studies that document tectonic rotations in the Basin and Range province of southern Arizona where the Corral Canyon pole was obtained.
Word learning in bilingual children
Creators: name: Chan, Kin Chung Jacky
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: word learning
EAL
bilingualism
mutual exclusivity
lexical overlap
cross-situational statistical learning
naturalistic observation
language development
language input

description: In a 21st-century super-diverse world, young children are likely to speak different first languages which are not the majority language of society. For some children, preschool is one of the few environments where they experience this majority language. A pressing issue encountered by preschool teachers is how to communicate with these children and how to help these children acquire the majority language they need for a successful school entry. Building a repertoire of words in the majority language is one of the first steps. Strategies that monolingual children use to map words to their referents in the environment have been of interest for 60 years. However, less is known about the early development of word learning in bilingual children. This thesis, therefore, seeks to understand how monolingual and bilingual children utilise different strategies to learn words using experimental methods and look at how preschool teachers communicate with children in a preschool setting via naturalistic observation. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to identify and develop strategies that preschool teachers can use to foster children’s development of the majority language. In two experimental studies, this thesis examined (1) how monolingual and bilingual preschoolers learn words from speakers of different languages through mutual exclusivity and the acceptance of lexical overlap, and (2) whether and how socio-pragmatic cues influence monolingual and bilingual language learners’ learning of one-to-one and two-to-one word-object mappings through cross-situational statistics. In two observational studies, this thesis looked into whether and how preschool teachers in a UK setting communicated differently with monolingual preschoolers and preschoolers learning English as an additional language (EAL). The thesis also set out to identify the linguistic features of preschool talk that could predict preschoolers’, especially EAL children’s, language development. The findings of the experimental studies show a complex interaction between the different word-learning strategies and prior language experience, and the results suggest that word-learning strategies available to monolingual and bilingual learners are the same but used differently. The findings of the observational studies show that preschool teacher talk to EAL children, in terms of lexical diversity and syntactic complexity, affects the children’s development of English, suggesting that preschool teachers’ language use could scaffold and support EAL children’s acquisition of English. The findings of this thesis suggest that matching language input to EAL children’s English level and setting up learning situations that closely mimic those of bilingual word learning may be helpful strategies for preschool teachers to support EAL children’s English development.
An exploration of the effect of simulation on perceptions of medical students’ preparedness for professional practice; a mixed-methods, longitudinal study
Creators: name: Carpenter, Ciara
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020

description: Studies have shown that some medical students do not feel prepared to practice as a foundation doctor (FY1) once they graduate. Although there have been various reforms in medical education, levels of preparedness have remained static since 2012. Preparedness is vital to ensure patients are getting the best, safest care, and to avoid stress, anxiety and burnout in junior doctors. Technology-enhanced learning has become commonplace in medical education; with this, simulation has been introduced in wide-ranging ways. Although the evidence for simulation improving patient outcomes is clear across postgraduate and continuing professional education, studies have failed to systematically show the same outcomes for undergraduates, despite the widespread use of simulation in undergraduate medical curricula. This mixed-methods, two-phase study was designed to explore the effects of simulation on perceptions of students’ preparedness for professional practice. The study took a longitudinal format, over two academic years, gathering data (with questionnaires and interviews) from two participant groups; fifth-year medical students and key stakeholders. The study compared two diverse simulation formats; ward simulation and bleep simulation, both designed to develop the knowledge and non-technical skills required for the transition to professional practice. The results of this thesis suggest that simulation has a role in preparing students for the knowledge required for professional practice and may result in a change in behaviour longitudinally. However, there is an apparent disconnect between stakeholder and student perceptions of preparedness, and while students may feel prepared, their supervisors and other stakeholders do not agree. Furthermore, despite feeling prepared, students still feel concerned and anxious about the transition to professional practice. The results also highlighted the difficulties in thoroughly preparing students for the complexities of becoming an independent practitioner and emphasises the importance of support and continued learning throughout the foundation years.
Fractional Order Shapiro Steps in Superconducting Nanowires
Creators: name: Dinsmore, Robert C.
name: Bae, Myung-Ho
name: Bezryadin, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expose superconducting nanowires to microwave radiation in order to study phase lock-in effects in quasi one dimensional superconductors. For sufficiently high microwave powers a resistive branch with Shapiro steps appears in the voltage-current characteristics. At frequencies in the range of 0.9-4 GHz these steps are of integer order only. At higher frequencies steps of 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 and even 1/6 order appear. We numerically model this behavior using a multi-valued current-phase relationship (CPR) for nanowires.
description: 8 Pages plus 3 Figures and references. To appear in App. Phys. Lett