cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FPT Algorithms for Diverse Collections of Hitting Sets
Creators: name: Baste, Julien
name: Jaffke, Lars
name: Masařík, Tomáš
name: Philip, Geevarghese
name: Rote, Günter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: solution diversity
subject: fixed-parameter tractability
subject: hitting sets
subject: vertex cover
subject: feedback vertex set
subject: Hamming distance
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: In this work, we study the d-Hitting Set and Feedback Vertex Set problems through the paradigm of finding diverse collections of r solutions of size at most k each, which has recently been introduced to the field of parameterized complexity. This paradigm is aimed at addressing the loss of important side information which typically occurs during the abstraction process that models real-world problems as computational problems. We use two measures for the diversity of such a collection: the sum of all pairwise Hamming distances, and the minimum pairwise Hamming distance. We show that both problems are fixed-parameter tractable in k+r for both diversity measures. A key ingredient in our algorithms is a (problem independent) network flow formulation that, given a set of ‘base’ solutions, computes a maximally diverse collection of solutions. We believe that this could be of independent interest.
Biocatalytic synthesis of lactosucrose using a recombinant thermostable β-fructofuranosidase from Arthrobacter sp. 10138
Creators: name: Chen, Chunmei
name: Deng, Jieying
name: Lv, Xueqin
name: Li, Jianghua
name: Du, Guocheng
name: Li, Huazhong
name: Liu, Long
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: As a prebiotics, lactosucrose plays an important role in maintaining human gastrointestinal homeostasis. In this study, a thermostable enzyme from Arthrobacter sp. 10138 was screened from six β-fructofuranosidase-producing strains for the lactosucrose production and the coding gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli for efficient expression. Recombinant β-fructofuranosidase was purified and biochemically characterized by MALDI-TOFMS spectrometry. The transfructosylation product by this recombinant enzyme was determined to be lactosucrose rather than other oligosaccharides or polysaccharides by HPLC and LC-MS. Efficient extracellular secretion of β-fructofuranosidase was achieved by the optimization of signal peptide and induction conditions. It was found that with the signal peptide torT, the highest extracellular activity reached 111.01 U/mL, which was 38.4-fold higher than that with the OmpA signal peptide. Under the optimal conditions (pH 6.0, temperature 50°C, enzyme amount 40 μg/ml, sucrose 150 g/L and lactose 150 g/L), 109 g/L lactosucrose was produced with a molar conversion ratio of 49.3%. Here the thermostable β-fructofuranosidase from Arthrobacter sp. 10138 can be used for efficient synthesis of lactosucrose, and this provides a good startpoint for the industrial production of lactosucrose in the future.
Electro-mechano-optical detection of nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Takeda, Kazuyuki
name: Nagasaka, Kentaro
name: Noguchi, Atsushi
name: Yamazaki, Rekishu
name: Nakamura, Yasunobu
name: Iwase, Eiji
name: Taylor, Jacob M.
name: Usami, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signal reception of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) usually relies on electrical amplification of the electromotive force caused by nuclear induction. Here, we report up-conversion of a radio-frequency NMR signal to an optical regime using a high-stress silicon nitride membrane that interfaces the electrical detection circuit and an optical cavity through the electro-mechanical and the opto-mechanical couplings. This enables optical NMR detection without sacrificing the versatility of the traditional nuclear induction approach. While the signal-to-noise ratio is currently limited by the Brownian motion of the membrane as well as additional technical noise, we find it can exceed that of the conventional electrical schemes by increasing the electro-mechanical coupling strength. The electro-mechano-optical NMR detection presented here opens the possibility of mechanical parametric amplification of NMR signals. Moreover, it can potentially be combined with the laser cooling technique applied to nuclear spins.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Visual information and haptic performance: evidence for task- and direction-specific visuo-haptic interactions (2005; Poster @ Endo-Neuro-Psycho Meeting, Doorwerth, The Netherlands)
Creators: name: Lataster, Johan
name: Kaas, Amanda
name: Sack, Alexander T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170112 Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: for a more detailed report see:
Kaas, A. L., van Mier, H. I., Lataster, J., Fingal, M., & Sack, A. T. (2007). The effect of visuo-haptic congruency on haptic spatial matching. Experimental brain research, 183(1), 75-85.
Arboreal Singularities in Weinstein Skeleta
Creators: name: Starkston, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the singularities of the isotropic skeleton of a Weinstein manifold in relation to Nadler's program of arboreal singularities. By deforming the skeleton via homotopies of the Weinstein structure, we produce a Morse-Bott* representative of the Weinstein homotopy class whose stratified skeleton determines its symplectic neighborhood. We then study the singularities of the skeleta in this class and show that after a certain type of generic perturbation either (1) these singularities fall into the class of (signed Lagrangian versions of) Nadler's arboreal singularities which are combinatorially classified into finitely many types in a given dimension or (2) there are singularities of tangency in associated front projections. We then turn to the singularities of tangency to try to reduce them also to collections of arboreal singularities. We give a general localization procedure to isolate the Liouville flow to a neighborhood of these non-arboreal singularities, and then show how to replace the simplest singularities of tangency (those of type $Σ^{1,0}$) by arboreal singularities.
description: v2 updated exposition and added figures, v3 updated references, 35 pages, 11 figures
Exploring trends in benzodiazepine-positive fatal drug overdoses in Tennessee, 2019–2021
Creators: name: Moses, Jenna
name: Korona-Bailey, Jessica
name: Mukhopadhyay, Sutapa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Mental Health

description: Benzodiazepine-positive overdoses increased between 2019 and 2021 in Tennessee. We sought to determine the changes in the number and characteristics of prescription and illicit benzodiazepine-positive fatal drug overdoses during this period. A statewide study was conducted to determine changes in the number and characteristics of benzodiazepine-positive drug overdose decedents using 2019–2021 data from the Tennessee State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System. The analyses were limited to Tennessee residents aged ≥ 18 years. A benzodiazepine-positive overdose was defined as any benzodiazepine on toxicology, regardless of the presence of other substances. Frequencies were generated to compare demographics, circumstances, prescription history, and toxicology between 2019 and 2021 for illicit and prescription benzodiazepine-positive fatal overdoses. Between 2019 and 2021, 1666 benzodiazepine-positive unintentional or undetermined fatal drug overdoses out of 5916 total overdoses that occurred among adult Tennessee residents with available toxicological information. Prescription benzodiazepines were identified in 80.7% of deaths, whereas illicit benzodiazepines were identified in 12.0% of deaths. Many decedents had an anxiety disorder (45.5%), while over half of all decedents had a history of substance use disorder (52.3%). Most benzodiazepine-positive overdoses involved fentanyl (71.3%). This analysis can inform local and regional public health workers to implement focused prevention and intervention efforts for people with co-occurring mental health conditions and substance use disorders to curb overdose epidemics among persons using benzodiazepines in Tennessee. Public health campaigns should focus on educating people on appropriate prescription medication use and the dangers of obtaining substances illicitly. Given the high proportion of opioids in this population, further education also is needed on the dangers of polysubstance drug use. The differences between prescription and illicit benzodiazepine-positive fatal overdoses indicate the need to develop substance-specific prevention and treatment strategies.
Head-to-head comparison of 19 prediction models for short-term outcome in medical patients in the emergency department: a retrospective study
Creators: name: van Dam, Paul M. E. L.
name: Lievens, Sien
name: Zelis, Noortje
name: van Doorn, William P. T. M.
name: Meex, Steven J. R.
name: Cals, Jochen W. L.
name: Stassen, Patricia M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Prediction models for identifying emergency department (ED) patients at high risk of poor outcome are often not externally validated. We aimed to perform a head-to-head comparison of the discriminatory performance of several prediction models in a large cohort of ED patients. In this retrospective study, we selected prediction models that aim to predict poor outcome and we included adult medical ED patients. Primary outcome was 31-day mortality, secondary outcomes were 1-day mortality, 7-day mortality, and a composite endpoint of 31-day mortality and admission to intensive care unit (ICU). The discriminatory performance of the prediction models was assessed using an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Finally, the prediction models with the highest performance to predict 31-day mortality were selected to further examine calibration and appropriate clinical cut-off points. We included 19 prediction models and applied these to 2185 ED patients. Thirty-one-day mortality was 10.6% (231 patients), 1-day mortality was 1.4%, 7-day mortality was 4.4%, and 331 patients (15.1%) met the composite endpoint. The RISE UP and COPE score showed similar and very good discriminatory performance for 31-day mortality (AUC 0.86), 1-day mortality (AUC 0.87), 7-day mortality (AUC 0.86) and for the composite endpoint (AUC 0.81). Both scores were well calibrated. Almost no patients with RISE UP and COPE scores below 5% had an adverse outcome, while those with scores above 20% were at high risk of adverse outcome. Some of the other prediction models (i.e. APACHE II, NEWS, WPSS, MEWS, EWS and SOFA) showed significantly higher discriminatory performance for 1-day and 7-day mortality than for 31-day mortality. Head-to-head validation of 19 prediction models in medical ED patients showed that the RISE UP and COPE score outperformed other models regarding 31-day mortality.
Uniform Recovery Bounds for Structured Random Matrices in Corrupted Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Zhang, Peng
name: Gan, Lu
name: Ling, Cong
name: Sun, Sumei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of recovering an $s$-sparse signal $\mathbf{x}^{\star}\in\mathbb{C}^n$ from corrupted measurements $\mathbf{y} = \mathbf{A}\mathbf{x}^{\star}+\mathbf{z}^{\star}+\mathbf{w}$, where $\mathbf{z}^{\star}\in\mathbb{C}^m$ is a $k$-sparse corruption vector whose nonzero entries may be arbitrarily large and $\mathbf{w}\in\mathbb{C}^m$ is a dense noise with bounded energy. The aim is to exactly and stably recover the sparse signal with tractable optimization programs. In this paper, we prove the uniform recovery guarantee of this problem for two classes of structured sensing matrices. The first class can be expressed as the product of a unit-norm tight frame (UTF), a random diagonal matrix and a bounded columnwise orthonormal matrix (e.g., partial random circulant matrix). When the UTF is bounded (i.e. $μ(\mathbf{U})\sim1/\sqrt{m}$), we prove that with high probability, one can recover an $s$-sparse signal exactly and stably by $l_1$ minimization programs even if the measurements are corrupted by a sparse vector, provided $m = \mathcal{O}(s \log^2 s \log^2 n)$ and the sparsity level $k$ of the corruption is a constant fraction of the total number of measurements. The second class considers randomly sub-sampled orthogonal matrix (e.g., random Fourier matrix). We prove the uniform recovery guarantee provided that the corruption is sparse on certain sparsifying domain. Numerous simulation results are also presented to verify and complement the theoretical results.
description: 12 pages, double column. Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
The California-Kepler Survey V. Peas in a Pod: Planets in a Kepler Multi-planet System are Similar in Size and Regularly Spaced
Creators: name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Petigura, Erik A.
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Isaacson, Howard T.
name: Morton, Timothy D.
name: Hirsch, Lea A.
name: Sinukoff, Evan J.
name: Cumming, Andrew
name: Hebb, Leslie
name: Cargile, Phillip A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have established precise planet radii, semimajor axes, incident stellar fluxes, and stellar masses for 909 planets in 355 multi-planet systems discovered by Kepler. In this sample, we find that planets within a single multi-planet system have correlated sizes: each planet is more likely to be the size of its neighbor than a size drawn at random from the distribution of observed planet sizes. In systems with three or more planets, the planets tend to have a regular spacing: the orbital period ratios of adjacent pairs of planets are correlated. Furthermore, the orbital period ratios are smaller in systems with smaller planets, suggesting that the patterns in planet sizes and spacing are linked through formation and/or subsequent orbital dynamics. Yet, we find that essentially no planets have orbital period ratios smaller than $1.2$, regardless of planet size. Using empirical mass-radius relationships, we estimate the mutual Hill separations of planet pairs. We find that $93\%$ of the planet pairs are at least 10 mutual Hill radii apart, and that a spacing of $\sim20$ mutual Hill radii is most common. We also find that when comparing planet sizes, the outer planet is larger in $65 \pm 0.4\%$ of cases, and the typical ratio of the outer to inner planet size is positively correlated with the temperature difference between the planets. This could be the result of photo-evaporation.
description: Published in The Astronomical Journal. 15 pages, 17 figures
PTPN13 rs989902 and CHEK2 rs738722 are associated with esophageal cancer
Creators: name: Tu, Ruisha
name: Zhong, Dunjing
name: Li, Ping
name: Li, Yongyu
name: Chen, Zhuang
name: Hu, Feixiang
name: Yuan, Guihong
name: Chen, Zhaowei
name: Yu, Shuyong
name: Song, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Individual genetic background can play an essential role in determining the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). PTPN13 and CHEK2 play important roles in the pathogenesis of ESCC. This case-control study aimed to analyze the association between gene polymorphisms and ESCC susceptibility. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of patients. The Agena MassARRAY platform was used for the genotyping. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test, logistic regression analysis, and stratification analysis. The ‘G’ allele of rs989902 (PTPN13) and the ‘T’ allele of rs738722 (CHEK2) were both associated with an increased risk of ESCC (rs989902: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02–1.47, p = 0.028; rs738722: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.55, p = 0.011). Stratification analysis showed that SNPs (rs989902 and rs738722) were notably correlated with an increased risk of ESCC after stratification for age, sex, smoking, and drinking status. In addition, rs738722 might be associated with lower stage, while rs989902 had a lower risk of metastasis. Our findings display that PTPN13 rs989902 and CHEK2 rs738722 are associated with an increased risk of ESCC in the Chinese Han population.
Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Models of Community Health Workers for Promotion of Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in Northern Nigeria
Creators: name: Findley S
name: Afenyadu G
name: Dalhat M
name: Gama E
name: Hafsat B
name: Mijinwaya S
name: Bature R
name: Ekezie W
name: MS, Ali
name: Okoli, U
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111704 Community Child Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Community health workers (CHWs) have proven to be successful in mobilizing rural populations to utilize primary health services where they can be supported by skilled health workers. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of three CHW models implemented in northern Nigeria. Method: Using a quasi-experimental design, we compare the costs and health outcomes for communities where CHW models were implemented versus those where no CHW models were implemented. The three CHW models were Community Volunteer (CV), Nigeria Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment Programme for Maternal and Child Health Village Health Worker (VHW), and the Junior Community Health Extension Worker providing community based service delivery (JCHEW-CBSD). The unit costs, consultation patterns, benefit-cost ratios, and cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated for the three CHW models. Results: Compared to the CVs, the VHWs and the JCHEW-CBSDs had the highest levels of interactions in the community, each helping to educate 120-130 pregnant women each year. JCHEW-CBSDs made the most referrals for antenatal care (220) and facility births (122); however, women who interacted with the VHWs increased their antenatal care visits the most, with 92% of the women having made at least one and 70% having made 4+ ANC visits. The unit cost of the CVs was lowest, compared to the other two models, at $127 versus $3176 for the VHW model and $4443 for the JCHEWCBSD model. The outcomes per unit cost ratios were highest for the VHW model. For every $1000 invested in the VHW, there were 54 ANC 4+ visits and 95.9 deliveries attended by a skilled birth attendant. The Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios for the VHW model were also lower than for the JCHEW-CBSD model, ranging from a low of an additional $25 per incremental ANC visits to $152 for increments in attended deliveries, the latter amount three times lower than for the JCHEW-CBSD model. Conclusion: This cost-effectiveness study of CHW models in Northern Nigeria shows that the SURE-P VHW model was most cost-effective. The VHW model, an enhanced volunteer model, promises the greatest return on investment if scaled up in northern Nigeria and settings with similar health care delivery contexts.
Upper gastrointestinal tract microbiota with oral origin in relation to oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Gao, Shegan
name: Zhang, Zichao
name: Sun, Kui
name: Li, Meng-Xiang
name: Qi, Yi-Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Poor oral hygiene is linked to high risks of many systemic diseases, including cancers. Oral dysbiosis is closely associated with poor oral hygiene, causing tooth loss, gingivitis, and periodontitis. We provide a summary of studies and discuss the risk factors for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from a microbial perspective in this review.Methods: A literature search of studies published before December 31, 2022 from PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library was performed. The search strategies included the following keywords: (1) oral care, oral health, oral hygiene, dental health, dental hygiene, tooth loss, teeth loss, tooth absence, missing teeth, edentulism, tooth brushing, mouthwash, and tooth cleaning; (2) esophageal, esophagus, oesophagus, and oesophageal; (3) cancer, carcinoma, tumor, and neoplasm.Discussion: Poor oral health, indicated by infrequent tooth brushing, chronic periodontitis, and tooth loss, has been associated with an increased risk of squamous dysplasia and ESCC. Oral microbial diversity and composition are profoundly dysregulated during oesophageal tumorigenesis. Similar to the oral microbiota, the oesophageal microbiota varies distinctly in multiple bacterial taxa in ESCC and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, both of which have high co-occurrence rates in the “Oesophageal Cancer Belt”. In addition, the potential roles of oncogenic viruses in ESCC have also been discussed. We also briefly explore the potential mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting role of dysregulated microbiota for the development of therapeutic targeting strategies.Conclusion: Poor oral health is an established risk indicator of ESCC. The dysbiosis of microbiota in upper gastrointestinal tract that highly resembles the oral microbial ecosystem but with distinct features at individual sites contributes to the development and progression of ESCC.
Approaching $\frac{3}{2}$ for the $s$-$t$-path TSP
Creators: name: Traub, Vera
name: Vygen, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there is a polynomial-time algorithm with approximation guarantee $\frac{3}{2}+ε$ for the $s$-$t$-path TSP, for any fixed $ε>0$. It is well known that Wolsey's analysis of Christofides' algorithm also works for the $s$-$t$-path TSP with its natural LP relaxation except for the narrow cuts (in which the LP solution has value less than two). A fixed optimum tour has either a single edge in a narrow cut (then call the edge and the cut lonely) or at least three (then call the cut busy). Our algorithm "guesses" (by dynamic programming) lonely cuts and edges. Then we partition the instance into smaller instances and strengthen the LP, requiring value at least three for busy cuts. By setting up a $k$-stage recursive dynamic program, we can compute a spanning tree $(V,S)$ and an LP solution $y$ such that $(\frac{1}{2}+O(2^{-k}))y$ is in the $T$-join polyhedron, where $T$ is the set of vertices whose degree in $S$ has the wrong parity.
description: Final version for Journal of the ACM
Phylosophy and cost of the injection system for CARST
Creators: name: Tazzari, S.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1986
Subjects: ADONE
CARST
Injector systems

description: The general specifications for any synchroton light source injection system are: full Main ring (MR) energy, MR filling time to maximum foreseen current, much shorter than the beam lifetime. (...) Full energy injection guarantees that the problems to arise, in connection with the need for keeping a large number of beam lines independently aligned to very high precision, will be reduced to a minimum.
Retrospective Study of a Cohort of Tunisian Patients with Thyroid Cancer
Creators: name: Rebaï M
name: Kallel I
name: F, Hamza
name: Charfeddine S
name: Kaffel R
name: Guermazi F
name: Rebai A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111704 Community Child Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Thyroid cancer is a complex disease where many factors influence its morbidity and mortality. Analyzing the clinic pathological parameters of this malignant disease in a series of thyroid cancer patients allows to evaluate their clinical behavior and outcomes. A retrospective analysis on clinical and pathological data of 92 patients with thyroid cancer was carried. Our results indicate that the mean age of the patients was 49.3 ± 14.5, that women accounted for 79.4% of the patients, and the mean followup duration was 67.4 months (range: 7–216 months). Papillary carcinoma was the most common histological type, with 84 cases (91.3%). Low pathological tumor-node-metastasis stage was observed in 39.4% of the patients. Ten year survival was 21.3%. Older patients were associated with advanced stage (stage III and IV) and with high recurrence rate. Understanding better how certain clinic pathologic variables influence disease progression in specific population groups has the potential to allow clinicians to tailor diagnostic and therapeutic options.
Identification of the γ-glutamyl cycle as a novel therapeutic target and 5-oxoproline as a new biomarker for diagnosing pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Weijia
name: Tian, Xiuyun
name: Yan, Liang
name: Guan, Xiaoya
name: Dong, Bin
name: Zhao, Min
name: Liu, Daoning
name: Wu, Jianhui
name: Hao, Chunyi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignant solid tumours, and abnormal metabolic reprogramming in the tumour microenvironment is regarded as an important contributor to its pathogenesis. As there is an urgency to identify new targets based on the metabolic features that are highly refractory to PDAC treatment, this study aimed to identify suitable therapeutic targets for PDAC. In this study, gene set enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed on 163 PDAC tissue samples and 165 normal pancreatic tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases to identify alterations in critical metabolites that may contribute to PDAC pathogenesis. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was performed to identify significant metabolic pathways between 24 pairs of tumour and adjacent non-tumour tissues and between serum samples from PDAC patients and healthy donors. Fifty-one tissue metabolites and 26 serum metabolites were altered in PDAC. Among them, those in the γ-glutamyl cycle were the most substantially changed, and 5-oxoproline was the biomarker of PDAC with the most significantly decreased levels. The γ-glutamyl cycle and 5-oxoproline might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of PDAC.
Correlations between Psychopathy Facets and Types of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization: Two New Samples and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Verona, Edelyn
name: Haomin (Ivy) Chen
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Intimate Partner Violence
subject: Psychopathy
subject: Violence

description: This study is an expansion of a previous data analysis project about the relationship between distinct psychopathy traits and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization. See OSF pre-registration of the previous project here:
https://osf.io/c2kab/?view_only=a0a4f112dc404684bbc6027b61894ce5.
Due to the predominantly null effects found in the previous sample of participants (Sample 1, N = 192), we aim to examine whether the results are replicated or sample-specific, by conducting analyses on two independently collected samples (Sample 2 and Sample 3). We will also synthesize the effects across the three studies through a meta-analysis to provide a more stable estimate of relationships between psychopathy facets and different forms of IPV.
Determination of measurement uncertainty by Monte Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Heißelmann, Daniel
name: Franke, Matthias
name: Rost, Kerstin
name: Wendt, Klaus
name: Kistner, Thomas
name: Schwehn, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern coordinate measurement machines (CMM) are universal tools to measure geometric features of complex three-dimensional workpieces. To use them as reliable means of quality control, the suitability of the device for the specific measurement task has to be proven. Therefore, the ISO 14253 standard requires, knowledge of the measurement uncertainty and, that it is in reasonable relation with the specified tolerances. Hence, the determination of the measurement uncertainty, which is a complex and also costly task, is of utmost importance. The measurement uncertainty is usually influenced by several contributions of various sources. Among those of the machine itself, e.g., guideway errors and the influence of the probe and styli play an important role. Furthermore, several properties of the workpiece, such as its form deviations and surface roughness, have to be considered. Also the environmental conditions, i.e., temperature and its gradients, pressure, relative humidity and others contribute to the overall measurement uncertainty. Currently, there are different approaches to determine task-specific measurement uncertainties. This work reports on recent advancements extending the well-established method of PTB's Virtual Coordinate Measuring Machine (VCMM) to suit present-day needs in industrial applications. The VCMM utilizes numerical simulations to determine the task-specific measurement uncertainty incorporating broad knowledge about the contributions of, e.g., the used CMM, the environment and the workpiece.
Prognostic significance of the Gustave Roussy immune (GRIm) score in cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sun, Ke-Xin
name: Xu, Ru-Qin
name: Rong, Huan
name: Pang, Hua-Yang
name: Xiang, Ting-Xiu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The prognostic value of the Gustave Roussy immune (GRIm) score in cancer patients has been widely reported but remains inconsistent. The aim of this study is to systematically investigate the relationship between the GRIm score and survival outcomes in cancer patients. Relevant literature was identified using electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase from the inception to March 2023. The primary endpoints were long-term oncological outcomes. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted during the meta-analysis. Fifteen studies (20 cohorts) including 4997 cancer patients were enrolled. The combined results revealed that patients in the high GRIm group had a deteriorated overall survival (HR = 2.07 95%CI: 1.73–2.48; p < 0.0001; I2 = 62%) and progression-free survival (HR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.22–1.66; p < 0.0001; I2 = 36%). The prognostic values of GRIm on overall survival and progression-free survival were observed across various tumour types and tumour stages. Sensitivity analysis supported the stability and reliability of the above results. Our evidence suggested that the GRIm score could be a valuable prognostic marker in cancer patients, which can be used by clinicians to stratify patients and formulate individualized treatment plans.
Application of SQUIDs to low temperature and high magnetic field measurements - Ultra low noise torque magnetometry
Creators: name: Arnold, Frank
name: Naumann, Marcel
name: Lühmann, Thomas
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
name: Hassinger, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Torque magnetometry is a key method to measure the magnetic anisotropy and quantum oscillations in metals. In order to resolve quantum oscillations in sub-millimeter sized samples, piezo-electric micro-cantilevers were introduced. In the case of strongly correlated metals with large Fermi surfaces and high cyclotron masses, magnetic torque resolving powers in excess of $10^4$ are required at temperatures well below $1\,\mathrm{K}$ and magnetic fields beyond $10\,\mathrm{T}$. Here, we present a new broadband read-out scheme for piezo-electric micro-cantilevers via Wheatstone-type resistance measurements in magnetic fields up to $15\,\mathrm{T}$ and temperatures down to $100\,\mathrm{mK}$. By using a two-stage SQUID as null detector of a cold Wheatstone bridge, we were able to achieve a magnetic moment resolution of $Δm= 5\times10^{-15}\,\mathrm{J/T}$ at maximal field, outperforming conventional magnetometers by at least two orders of magnitude in this temperature and magnetic field range. Exemplary de Haas-van Alphen measurement of a newly grown delafossite, PdRhO$_2$, were used to show the superior performance of our setup.
Retention of the flight-adapted avian finger-joint complex in the Ostrich helps identify when wings began evolving in dinosaurs
Creators: name: Hutson, Joel D
name: Kelda N Hutson
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The functional anatomies of avian finger joints have never been compared with those of the basal avian Archaeopteryx lithographica or maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs. These startling oversights are due to unfamiliarity of the joints outside of highly specialised studies of bird-wing biomechanics. Here fleshed to skeletonised repeated-measures analyses of finger-joint ranges of motion (ROMs) in a basal palaeognath, the Ostrich Struthio camelus, were utilised as a model to begin filling in these knowledge gaps. Results verified that all of the flight-adapted, avian-specific finger joints are retained in the flightless, yet large and well-differentiated fingers of the Ostrich. Moreover, Ostrich finger joints still possess flight-restricted ROMs within the semi-pronated plane of the manus. The osteological markers of these highly conserved flight-adapted characters in Ostrich show that prior descriptions have unknowingly demonstrated that the main avian finger-joint complex began evolving at the base of Pennaraptora (Oviraptorosauria + Paraves). This detailed functional analysis provides non-embryological support for the hypothesis that maniraptoran theropods shared digital homologies with birds, and supports recent pronation studies indicating that pennaraptoran theropods had evolved avian distal wing joints stiffened for aerial locomotion.
Manipulating the flow of thermal noise in quantum devices
Creators: name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
name: Aquilina, Matteo
name: Xuereb, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been significant interest recently in using complex quantum systems to create effective nonreciprocal dynamics. Proposals have been put forward for the realization of artificial magnetic fields for photons and phonons; experimental progress is fast making these proposals a reality. Much work has concentrated on the use of such systems for controlling the flow of signals, e.g., to create isolators or directional amplifiers for optical signals. In this paper, we build on this work but move in a different direction. We develop the theory of and discuss a potential realization for the controllable flow of thermal noise in quantum systems. We demonstrate theoretically that the unidirectional flow of thermal noise is possible within quantum cascaded systems. Viewing an optomechanical platform as a cascaded system we here that one can ultimately control the direction of the flow of thermal noise. By appropriately engineering the mechanical resonator, which acts as an artificial reservoir, the flow of thermal noise can be constrained to a desired direction, yielding a thermal rectifier. The proposed quantum thermal noise rectifier could potentially be used to develop devices such as a thermal modulator, a thermal router, and a thermal amplifier for nanoelectronic devices and superconducting circuits.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
title: 02_1704
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Development of a nomogram for the prediction of acute kidney injury after liver transplantation: a model based on clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C level
Creators: name: Wu, Zhipeng
name: Wang, Yi
name: He, Li
name: Jin, Boxun
name: Yao, Qinwei
name: Li, Guangming
name: Wang, Xin
name: Ma, Yingmin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after liver transplantation (LT). We developed a nomogram model to predict post-LT AKI. A total of 120 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. Clinical information was extracted from the institutional electronic medical record system. Blood samples were collected prior to surgery and immediately after surgery. Univariable and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify independent risk factors. Finally, a nomogram was developed based on the final multivariable logistic regression model. In total, 58 (48.3%) patients developed AKI. Multivariable logistic regression revealed four independent risk factors for post-LT AKI: operation duration [odds ratio (OR) = 1.728, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.121–2.663, p = 0.013], intraoperative hypotension (OR = 3.235, 95% CI = 1.316–7.952, p = 0.011), postoperative cystatin C level (OR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.001–1.004, p = 0.005) and shock (OR = 4.002, 95% CI = 0.893–17.945, p = 0.070). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate model discrimination. The area under the curve value was 0.815 (95% CI = 0.737–0.894). The model based on combinations of clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C levels had a higher predictive performance for post-LT AKI than the model based on clinical parameters or postoperative cystatin C level alone. Additionally, we developed an easy-to-use nomogram based on the final model, which could aid in the early detection of AKI and improve the prognosis of patients after LT. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and important complications after liver transplantation (LT).We developed a nomogram model to predict post-LT AKI based on clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C level.The model based on combinations of clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C levels had a higher predictive performance, which could aid in the early detection of AKI and improve the prognosis of patients after LT. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and important complications after liver transplantation (LT). We developed a nomogram model to predict post-LT AKI based on clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C level. The model based on combinations of clinical parameters and postoperative cystatin C levels had a higher predictive performance, which could aid in the early detection of AKI and improve the prognosis of patients after LT.
Active learning machine learns to create new quantum experiments
Creators: name: Melnikov, Alexey A.
name: Nautrup, Hendrik Poulsen
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Dunjko, Vedran
name: Tiersch, Markus
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How useful can machine learning be in a quantum laboratory? Here we raise the question of the potential of intelligent machines in the context of scientific research. A major motivation for the present work is the unknown reachability of various entanglement classes in quantum experiments. We investigate this question by using the projective simulation model, a physics-oriented approach to artificial intelligence. In our approach, the projective simulation system is challenged to design complex photonic quantum experiments that produce high-dimensional entangled multiphoton states, which are of high interest in modern quantum experiments. The artificial intelligence system learns to create a variety of entangled states, and improves the efficiency of their realization. In the process, the system autonomously (re)discovers experimental techniques which are only now becoming standard in modern quantum optical experiments - a trait which was not explicitly demanded from the system but emerged through the process of learning. Such features highlight the possibility that machines could have a significantly more creative role in future research.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; A. A. Melnikov and H. Poulsen Nautrup contributed equally to this work
Orientin mediates protection against MRSA-induced pneumonia by inhibiting Sortase A
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Jing, Shisong
name: Qu, Han
name: Wang, Kai
name: Jin, Yajing
name: Ding, Ying
name: Yang, Lin
name: Yu, Hangqian
name: Shi, Yan
name: Li, Qianxue
name: Wang, Dacheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Drug-resistant pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has severely threatened human health and arouses widespread concern. Sortase A (SrtA) is an essential virulence factor of S. aureus, which is responsible for the covalent anchoring of a variety of virulence-related proteins to the cell wall. SrtA has always been regarded as an ideal pharmacological target against S. aureus infections. In this research, we have determined that orientin, a natural compound isolated from various medicinal plants, can effectively inhibit the activity of SrtA with an IC50 of 50.44 ± 0.51 µM. We further demonstrated that orientin inhibited the binding of S. aureus to fibrinogen and diminished biofilm formation and the attaching of Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) to the cell wall in vitro. Using the fluorescence quenching assay, we demonstrated a direct interaction between orientin and SrtA. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the residues Glu-105, Thr-93, and Cys-184 were the key sites for the binding of SrtA to orientin. Importantly, we demonstrated that treatment with orientin attenuated S. aureus virulence of in vivo and protected mice against S. aureus-induced lethal pneumonia. These findings indicate that orientin is a potential drug to counter S. aureus infections and limit the development of drug resistance.