cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Free Bosons with a Localized Source
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Mallick, Kirone
name: Sels, Dries
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the time evolution of an open quantum system driven by a localized source of bosons. We consider non-interacting identical bosons that are injected into a single lattice site and and perform a continuous time quantum walks on a lattice. We show that the average number of bosons grows exponentially with time when the input rate exceeds a certain lattice-dependent critical value. Below the threshold, the growth is quadratic in time, which is still much faster than the naive linear in time growth. We compute the critical input rate for hyper-cubic lattices and find that it is positive in all dimensions $d$ except for $d=2$ where the critical input rate vanishes---the growth is always exponential in two dimensions. To understand the exponential growth, we construct an explicit microscopic Hamiltonian model which gives rise to the open system dynamics once the bath is traced out. Exponential growth is identified with a region of dynamic instability of the Hamiltonian system.
Vitis rupestris Scheele 1848
Creators: name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Banfi, Enrico
name: Zoccola, Antonio
name: Foggi, Bruno
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Vitales
Vitaceae
Vitis
Vitis rupestris

description: Vitis rupestris
 Figs. 3E, 4D, 6E–F, 7E, 9a–b, 9d–f: ITALY. Lombardy: Stradella (Pavia), SP201, Beria (WGS84: 45.056280°N 9.301480°E), 7 September 2013, N. Ardenghi, no voucher.
 Figs. 9c, 9g: ITALY. Lombardy: Calvignano (Pavia), near Stanga (WGS84: 44.988527°N 9.161150°E), 31 May 2013, N. Ardenghi s.n. (Herb. N. Ardenghi).
description: Published as part of Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Galasso, Gabriele, Banfi, Enrico, Zoccola, Antonio, Foggi, Bruno & Lastrucci, Lorenzo, 2014, A taxonomic survey of the genus Vitis L. (Vitaceae) in Italy, with special reference to Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago), pp. 163-198 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 198, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5138388
Additional file 17 of Proteogenomic insights into the biology and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Tong, Yexin
name: Sun, Mingjun
name: Chen, Lingli
name: Wang, Yunzhi
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Lingling
name: Zhang, Xuan
name: Cai, Yumeng
name: Qie, Jingbo
name: Pang, Yanrui
name: Xu, Ziyan
name: Zhao, Jiangyan
name: Zhang, Xiaolei
name: Liu, Yang
name: Tian, Sha
name: Qin, Zhaoyu
name: Feng, Jinwen
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhu, Jiajun
name: Xu, Yifan
name: Lou, Wenhui
name: Ji, Yuan
name: Zhao, Jianyuan
name: He, Fuchu
name: Hou, Yingyong
name: Ding, Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 17: Fig. S17. The impact of FH amplification in PDAC, related to Fig. 7. A Scatter plot on the left presents the correlation between FH copy number and FH expression in TCGA cohort (left) or in WSU cohort (right). B, C The bar plot shows the distribution of patients with FH amplification between diabetes and non-diabetes in our cohort (B), in TCGA cohort (C, left) and in WSU cohort (C, right). D The schematic work flow of our validation experiments for the FH in prompting PDAC tumor cell proliferation through regulating glucose metabolism. E Proliferation of PDAC cells (SW1990: left; PANC1: right) associated with various treatments (n = 4 repeats per group). F The comparison of glycolytic rates, glucose consumption, oxaloacetate and lactate production associated with various treatments (n = 4 repeats per group). G The schematic work flow of our validation experiments for the impacts of FH on tumor immune microenvironments. H The heatmap showing the expression patterns of cytokines detected in supernatants of cell cultures across cells under different treatments (n = 3 repeats per group). The schematic diagrams on the right shows the impacts of cytokines such as IL12, TNF in transforming monocytes to cDCs (up); the impacts of cytokines including CCL7, CCL3 in recruiting monocytes (bottom). **** p < 1.0E-4, *** p < 1.0E-3, ** p < 1.0E-2, * p < 0.05, ns > 0.05.
Foliation-generating observers under Lorentz transformations
Creators: name: Blixt, Daniel
name: Cano, Alejandro Jiménez
name: Wojnar, Aneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we revise the concept of foliation and related aspects that are crucial when formulating the Hamiltonian evolution for various theories beyond General Relativity. In particular, we show the relation between the kinematic characteristics of timelike congruences (observers) and the existence of foliations orthogonal to them. We then explore how local Lorentz transformations acting on observers affect the existence of transversal foliations, provide examples, and discuss the implications of these results for the $3+1$ formulation of tetrad modified theories of gravity.
description: 18 pages, more examples added, accepted for publication
Anomalies in the switching dynamics of C-type antiferromagnets and antiferromagnetic nanowires
Creators: name: Yuan, H. Y.
name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: Wang, X. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnets (AFMs) are widely believed to be superior than ferromagnets in spintronics because of their high stability due to the vanishingly small stray field. It is thus expected that the order parameter of AFM should always align along the easy-axis of the crystalline anisotropy. In contrast to this conventional wisdom, we find that the AFM order parameter switches away from the easy-axis below a critical anisotropy strength when an AFM is properly tailored into a nano-structure. The switching time first decreases and then increases with the damping. Above the critical anisotropy, the AFM order parameter is stable and precesses under a microwave excitation. However, the absorption peak is not at resonance frequency even for magnetic damping as low as 0.01. To resolve these anomalies, we first ascertain the hidden role of dipolar interaction that reconstructs the energy landscape of the nano-system and propose a model of damped non-linear pendulum to explain the switching behavior. In this framework, the second anomaly appears when an AFM is close to the boundary between underdamped and overdamped phases, where the observed absorption lineshape has small quality factor and thus is not reliable any longer. Our results should be significant to extract the magnetic parameters through resonance techniques.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Benefits of combined quantitative and qualitative evaluation of learning experience in a gerodontology course for dental students
Creators: name: Lamprecht, Ragna
name: Guse, Jennifer
name: Schimmel, Martin
name: Müller, Frauke
name: Heydecke, Guido
name: Reissmann, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire. Evaluation of learning experience in a gerodontology course.
On the anomalous acceleration in the solar system
Creators: name: Palle, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of the cosmological environment on the solar gravitational system by the imbedding formalism of Gautreau. It appears that the cosmic mean-mass density and the cosmological constant give negligibly small contribution to gravity potentials. On the contrary, the cosmic acceleration beyond the Robertson-Walker geometry can considerably influence the curvature of spacetime in the solar system. The resulting anomalous constant acceleration towards the Sun is an order of magnitude smaller than that measured by Pioneer 10 and 11. However, it is larger than second order terms of potentials, thus well within the sensitivity of new gravity probes such as the LATOR mission.
description: LaTeX style, 4 pages; version to be published
Additional file 1 of Radiation oncologists’ attitudes and beliefs about intensity-modulated radiation therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Creators: name: Jacobs, Bruce L.
name: Hamm, Megan
name: Cameron, Flor De Abril
name: Luiggi-Hernandez, Jose G.
name: Heron, Dwight E.
name: Kahn, Jeremy M.
name: Barnato, Amber E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Interview Guide.
Multi-scale dynamics of magnetic flux tubes and inverse magnetic energy transfer
Creators: name: Zhou, Muni
name: Loureiro, Nuno F.
name: Uzdensky, Dmitri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an analytical and numerical study of the dynamics of a three-dimensional array of identical magnetic flux tubes in the reduced-magnetohydrodynamic description of the plasma. We propose that the long-time evolution of this system is dictated by flux-tube mergers and that such mergers are dynamically constrained by the conservation of the pertinent (ideal) invariants, {\it viz.} the magnetic potential and axial fluxes of each tube. We also propose that in the direction perpendicular to the merging plane, flux tubes evolve in critically-balanced fashion. These notions allow us to construct an analytical model for how quantities such as the magnetic energy and the energy-containing scale evolve as functions of time. Of particular importance is the conclusion that, like its two-dimensional counterpart, this system exhibits an inverse transfer of magnetic energy that terminates only at the system scale. We perform direct numerical simulations that confirm these predictions and reveal other interesting aspects of the evolution of the system. We find, for example, that the early time evolution is characterized by a sharp decay of the initial magnetic energy, which we attribute to the ubiquitous formation of current sheets. We also show that a quantitatively similar inverse transfer of magnetic energy is observed when the initial condition is a random, small-scale magnetic seed field.
description: 33 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Plasma Physics
Highly Composite Polynomials and the maximum order of the Divisor Function in $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$
Creators: name: Afshar, Ardavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the analogues, in $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$, of highly composite numbers and the maximum order of the divisor function, as studied by Ramanujan. In particular, we determine a family of highly composite polynomials which is not too sparse, and we use it to compute the logarithm of the maximum of the divisor function at every degree up to an error of a constant, which is significantly smaller than in the case of the integers, even assuming the Riemann Hypothesis.
description: 10 pages. Major revisions incorporated to the presentation of the main argument, and an appendix with a table of highly composite polynomials added. Accepted for publication in The Ramanujan Journal
Additional file 1 of Hippocampal microRNA-26a-3p deficit contributes to neuroinflammation and behavioral disorders via p38 MAPK signaling pathway in rats
Creators: name: Wang, Changmin
name: Li, Ye
name: Yi, Yuhang
name: Liu, Guiyu
name: Guo, Ruojing
name: Wang, Liyan
name: Lan, Tian
name: Wang, Wenjing
name: Chen, Xiao
name: Chen, Shihong
name: Yu, Shu Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences of target genes used for Reverse transcription PCR in this study
Event-Driven Molecular Dynamics in Parallel
Creators: name: Miller, S.
name: Luding, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although event-driven algorithms have been shown to be far more efficient than time-driven methods such as conventional molecular dynamics, they have not become as popular. The main obstacle seems to be the difficulty of parallelizing event-driven molecular dynamics. Several basic ideas have been discussed in recent years, but to our knowledge no complete implementation has been published yet. In this paper we present a parallel event-driven algorithm including dynamic load-balancing, which can be easily implemented on any computer architecture. To simplify matters our explanations refer to a basic multi-particle system of hard spheres, but can be extended easily to a wide variety of possible models.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Electromagnetic Form Factors with FLIC Fermions
Creators: name: Zanotti, J. M.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Williams, A. G.
name: Zhang, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fat-Link Irrelevant Clover (FLIC) fermion action provides a new form of nonperturbative O(a) improvement and allows efficient access to the light quark-mass regime. FLIC fermions enable the construction of the nonperturbatively O(a)-improved conserved vector current without the difficulties associated with the fine tuning of the improvement coefficients. The simulations are performed with an O(a^2) mean-field improved plaquette-plus-rectangle gluon action on a 20^3 x 40 lattice with a lattice spacing of 0.128 fm, enabling the first simulation of baryon form factors at light quark masses on a large volume lattice. Magnetic moments, electric charge radii and magnetic radii are extracted from these form factors, and show interesting chiral nonanalytic behavior in the light quark mass regime.
description: Lattice2003 (matrix), 3 pages, 3 figures
Fermion behavior around Sung-Won-Kim wormholes in a generalized Kaluza-Klein gravity
Creators: name: Cavalcante, Everton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the behavior of fermions in the vicinity of Sung-Won-Kim wormholes \cite{SW Kim PRD 1996} within the framework of a generalized Kaluza-Klein gravity. The study explores the geometric and quantum implications of introducing an extra dimension into the Sung-Won-Kim wormhole model. The impact of this additional dimension on the stability and traversability of the wormholes, as well as on the fermionic equations of motion, is analyzed. By examining the modified Dirac equation in this extended framework, the emergence of geometric phases and quantum holonomies is discussed, providing insights into the topological aspects of fermion dynamics in curved spacetimes.
An X-ray View of Radio Sources
Creators: name: Schwartz, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent examples where the synergy between radio and X-ray observations has led to substantial progress in understanding astronomical systems. The sub-arcsecond imaging capabilities of the Chandra X-ray observatory provides a 100-fold improvement for comparing X-ray and radio structures. We specifically discuss examples which provide insight into the outflow of material and energy from pulsars and supernovae, the centers of clusters of galaxies, and the nuclei of quasars.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. Talk presented at the JENAM-2003 Symposium, "Radio Astronomy at 70: from Karl Jansky to microjansky," Budapest, Hungary, 27-30 August 2003. To be published by EDP Sciences, eds. L. Gurvits, S. Frey, and S. Rawlings
A (Simplified) Supreme Being Necessarily Exists, says the Computer: Computationally Explored Variants of Gödel's Ontological Argument
Creators: name: Benzmüller, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.0; F.4.1; I.2.3; I.2.4; J.5; I.1.3
subject: 03Axx, 03B15, 03B45, 03B60, 03B80, 68T15, 68T27, 68T30

description: An approach to universal (meta-)logical reasoning in classical higher-order logic is employed to explore and study simplifications of Kurt Gödel's modal ontological argument. Some argument premises are modified, others are dropped, modal collapse is avoided and validity is shown already in weak modal logics K and T. Key to the gained simplifications of Gödel's original theory is the exploitation of a link to the notions of filter and ultrafilter from topology. The paper illustrates how modern knowledge representation and reasoning technology for quantified non-classical logics can contribute new knowledge to other disciplines. The contributed material is also well suited to support teaching of non-trivial logic formalisms in classroom.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Vitis vinifera Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Banfi, Enrico
name: Zoccola, Antonio
name: Foggi, Bruno
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Vitales
Vitaceae
Vitis
Vitis vinifera

description: Vitis vinifera
 Figs. 2E, 7A: ITALY. Tuscany: Marciana (Livorno), strada tra Portoferraio e Procchio, ca. al Km 4.5, presso l’impluvio che scende alla loc. Porticciolo, poco oltre il confine comunale tra Portoferraio e Marciana (WGS84: 42.791003°N 10.264652°E; staz. 01), 134 m, exp. NE, margine boschivo d’impluvio, probabile popolazione selvatica, 19 June 2008, G. Galasso s.n. (MSNM).
 Figs. 2F, 2H, 3A: ITALY. Tuscany: Campo nell’Elba (Livorno), via del Monumento, poco a est di Bonalaccia-Filetto (WGS84: 42.760672°N 10.257447°E; staz. 44), 73 m, exp. NW, margine stradale, 19 June 2008, G. Galasso s.n. (MSNM).
 Figs. 4B, 10a, 10e: ITALY. Lombardy: Montù Beccaria (Pavia), Molino Quaroni (WGS84: 45.047131°N 9.303425°E), cultivated, 9 October 2013, N. Ardenghi, no voucher.
 Figs. 10b–d, 10f: ITALY. Lombardy: Stradella (Pavia), San Zeno (WGS84: 45.066033°N 9.312813°E), cultivated, 9 October 2013, N. Ardenghi, no voucher.
description: Published as part of Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Galasso, Gabriele, Banfi, Enrico, Zoccola, Antonio, Foggi, Bruno & Lastrucci, Lorenzo, 2014, A taxonomic survey of the genus Vitis L. (Vitaceae) in Italy, with special reference to Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago), pp. 163-198 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 198, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5138388
Ballistic-diffusive model for heat transport in superlattices and the minimum effective heat conductivity
Creators: name: Vázquez, Federico
name: Ván, Péter
name: Kovács, Róbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been much interest in semiconductor superlattices because of showing very low thermal conductivities. This makes them especially suitable for applications in a variety of devices for thermoelectric generation of energy, heat control at the nanometric length scale, etc. Recent experiments have confirmed that the effective thermal conductivity of superlattices at room temperature have a minimum for very short periods (in the order of nanometers) as some kinetic calculations had anticipated previously. This work will show advances on a thermodynamic theory of heat transport in nanometric 1D multilayer systems by considering the separation of ballistic and diffusive heat fluxes, which are both described by Guyer-Krumhansl constitutive equations. The dispersion relations, as derived from the ballistic and diffusive heat transport equations, are used to derive an effective heat conductivity of the superlattice and to explain the minimum of the effective thermal conductivity.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in schizophrenia: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kozak, Karolina
name: George, Tony P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Rates of tobacco smoking are high in people with schizophrenia with greater difficulty of quitting smoking compared to the general population, which also relate to the increased cardiovascular and cancer risks in this co-occurring disorder. Therefore, effective smoking cessation pharmacotherapies addressing tobacco co-morbidity are imperative. In this review, the authors performed an extensive systematic electronic literature review examining the efficacy and safety of first-line pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation, including varenicline, sustained-release bupropion, and nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) using continuous abstinence rates over 10-12-week periods in smokers with schizophrenia. Twelve trials reporting smoking cessation outcomes using interventions in schizophrenia were included and risk ratio (RR) was used. Our findings support the efficacy and safety of first-line pharmacotherapies for the treatment of tobacco use disorder in smokers with schizophrenia. Further research on the long-term effectiveness and safety of these agents in community samples is warranted. Smoking cessation pharmacotherapies may warrant the consideration of the emerging use of electronic nicotine delivery systems while neuromodulation techniques also offer promise.
O'ZBEKISTON IQTISODIYOTI
Creators: name: Mardonov, Murodjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bu ilmiy maqolada ''Raqobatbardosh iqtisodiyot'' ifodasi bilan ifodalangan milliy iqtisodiyot, maqbul sur'atlarga va munosibliklarga asoslangan, xususiy mulkchilikka asoslangan tadbirkorlik faoliyatini rivojlantirish uchun yaratilgan bozor iqtisodiyoti qonunlik  asosida ishlab chiqilgan xo'jalik mexanizimi, ishlab chiqarish resurslar erkin harakatlanadigan va bozor mexanizmi yordamida tartibga solinadigan ochiq iqtisodiy tizim tushuniladi.
The Current State of the Controversy over Screening in Nuclear Reactions
Creators: name: Däppen, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A controversy about the possibility of dynamic effects in nuclear screening has been around for several decades. On the one hand, there is the claim that there are no dynamic effects, and that the classic Salpeter correction based on static Debye screening is all that is needed for astrophysical applications. The size of the correction is on the order of 5% in typical solar fusion reactions. On the other hand, numerical simulations have shown that there is a dynamical effect, which essentially cancels the Salpeter correction. The results of the numerical simulations were later independently confirmed. The astrophysical community, however, has so far largely ignored the possibility of dynamical screening. The present paper is meant to serve as a reminder of the controversy. Not only does the claim of an absence of a dynamical effect equally warrant an independent confirmation, but there is motivation for further investigation, such as the assessment of current laboratory experiments and a quantitative study of the dynamical effect in case it will turn out to be real.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Solar Physics (Collection "The Future of Solar Interior Modelling: From a Standard to a Modern View of the Sun")
Radiation-Induced "Zero-Resistance State" and the Photon Assisted Transport
Creators: name: Shi, Junren
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the radiation induced "zero-resistance state" observed in a two-dimensional electron gas is a result of the non-trivial structure of the density of states of the systems and the photon assisted transport. A toy model of a structureless quantum tunneling junction where the system has oscillatory density of states catches most of the important features of the experiments. We present a generalized Kubo-Greenwood conductivity formula for the photon assisted transport in a general system, and show essentially the same nature of the transport anomaly in a uniform system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Please send comment to shij@ornl.gov. This version added a paragraph to discuss the implication of negative conductance
Factsheet: Biogenic Waste and Residues – A Valuable, Renewable Resource
Creators: name: Schwarzenberger, Anke
name: Banduka, Dušica
name: Witt, Pia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This factsheet informs about biogenic waste, residues and wastewater sludge as valuable resource to substitute fossil carbon. These resources are often underestimated although they hold immense potential as feedstock for the chemical industry, for bio-based plastics and bio-composites, biodiesel and biogas, fibres for the textile industry, fertiliser and as nutra- and pharmaceuticals.

The EU-funded project BioReCer tackles this issue by investigating  the path of biogenic waste and residue feedstock through different bio-based value-chains. With this factsheet, BioReCer informs on the challenges of valorisation and use, explains characteristics of these types of resource and gives an overview of relevant EU directives and regulations governing biowaste.

BioReCer (Biological Resources Certifications Schemes) aims at assessing and complementing current certification schemes for biological resources according to the new EU sustainability goals to enhance bio-based circular systems. This will be achieved by including new criteria that align with EU taxonomy and EU corporate due diligence regulations into guidelines for certifying biological resources’ sustainability, origin, tracking and traceability (T&T), and by ensuring applicability at EU and global scale. By promoting the sustainability and trade of biological resources, BioReCer will increase the added value, use, as well as social acceptance of bio-based products.

Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or European Research Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
Acalypha acrogyna Pax 1909
Creators: name: Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo
name: Cardiel, José María
name: Atha, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Acalypha acrogyna

description: 1. Acalypha acrogyna Pax (1909: 323). Lectoype (designated here): — UGANDA. Bundibugyo District: Zentralafrikanische Zone der westafrikanischen Waldprovinz, Fort Beni am Semliki, Unterholz im Urwalde bei Kwa Muera, January 1908, G.W.J. Mildbraed 2341 (K 431043!; isolectotype K 431042!). Syntypes: — UGANDA. Bundibugyo District: Zentralafrikanische Zone der westafrikanischen Waldprovinz, Fort Beni am Semliki, Unterholz im Urwalde bei Kwa Muera, January 1908, G.W.J. Mildbraed 2334 (B [destroyed], HBG 516684 image!); Bundibugyo District: am Ruwenzori, date unknown, G.W.J. Mildbraed 2455 (B [destroyed]).
 Distribution:— Africa. Northeast Tropical Africa: Ethiopia * and Sudan *; West Central Tropical Africa: Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo *; East Tropical Africa: Tanzania and Uganda; South Tropical Africa: Mozambique *, Zambia * and Zimbabwe *.
 Voucher:— UGANDA. E. Mengo U4: Busiro County, Bdanda near Kawanda, 1200 m, 0º26’N, 32º30’E, 14 March 1995, W. P. K. Rwaburindore 3382 (MA, MO).
 References:— Hutchinson (1912: 897), Mildbraed (1914: 458, 677), Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 93), Staner (1938: 140), Guinea (1946: 312), White (1962: 192), Radcliffe-Smith (1987: 195; 1996), Lebrun & Stork (1991: 204, 2006: 17), Friis & Vollesen (1998: 154; 2005: 609), Govaerts et al. (2000: 46), Calane da Silva et al. (2004: 54), Mapaura (2004: 40), Phiri (2005: 47), Klopper et al. (2006: 274), Hyde et al. (2011, 2013).
 Note:— The collections of Mildbraed deposited in the Berlin herbarium were destroyed (Hiepko 1987), although a set of many of them are preserved in HBG and K. We designate as lectotype one of the collections found in the K herbarium.
description: Published as part of Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo, Cardiel, José María & Atha, Daniel, 2014, Acalypha subgenus Linostachys (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): a global review, pp. 199-221 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on pages 205-206, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5138433
Prediction diversity and selective attention in the wisdom of crowds
Creators: name: Nobre, Davi A.
name: Fontanari, José F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wisdom of crowds is the idea that the combination of independent estimates of the magnitude of some quantity yields a remarkably accurate prediction, which is always more accurate than the average individual estimate. In addition, it is largely believed that the accuracy of the crowd can be improved by increasing the diversity of the estimates. Here we report the results of three experiments to probe the current understanding of the wisdom of crowds, namely, the estimates of the number of candies in a jar, the length of a paper strip, and the number of pages of a book. We find that the collective estimate is better than the majority of the individual estimates in all three experiments. In disagreement with the prediction diversity theorem, we find no significant correlation between the prediction diversity and the collective error. The poor accuracy of the crowd on some experiments lead us to conjecture that its alleged accuracy is most likely an artifice of selective attention.
Chiral Structure in Baryon Magnetic Moments
Creators: name: Young, R. D.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We highlight recent advances in finite-range regularised chiral effective field theory. Application to baryon magnetic moments show an unambiguous signal of quenched chiral physics in FLIC fermion simulations.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, Lattice2003(matrix)
Acalypha castroviejoi Cardiel 1994
Creators: name: Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo
name: Cardiel, José María
name: Atha, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Acalypha castroviejoi

description: 3. Acalypha castroviejoi Cardiel (1994: 205). Type: ― COLOMBIA. Santander: El Roble, 1500 m, 16 February 1927, E.P. Killip & A.C. Smith 19358 (holotype GH!, isotypes GH!, NY!, U!, US [2 sheets]!).
 Distribution:— America. Western South America: Colombia.
 References:— Cardiel (1995a: 45, 1995b: 183), Govaerts et al. (2000: 55), Murillo (2004: 187).
 Note:— This species is only known from the type collection from the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes.
description: Published as part of Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo, Cardiel, José María & Atha, Daniel, 2014, Acalypha subgenus Linostachys (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): a global review, pp. 199-221 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5138433
Hydrodynamic mechanism for stable spindle positioning in meiosis II oocytes
Creators: name: Liao, Weida
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cytoplasmic streaming, the persistent flow of fluid inside a cell, induces intracellular transport, which plays a key role in fundamental biological processes. In meiosis II mouse oocytes (developing egg cells) awaiting fertilisation, the spindle, which is the protein structure responsible for dividing genetic material in a cell, must maintain its position near the cell cortex (the thin actin network bound to the cell membrane) for many hours. However, the cytoplasmic streaming that accompanies this stable positioning would intuitively appear to destabilise the spindle position. Here, through a combination of numerical and analytical modelling, we reveal a new, hydrodynamic mechanism for stable spindle positioning beneath the cortical cap. We show that this stability depends critically on the spindle size and the active driving from the cortex, and demonstrate that stable spindle positioning can result purely from a hydrodynamic suction force exerted on the spindle by the cytoplasmic flow. Our findings show that local fluid dynamic forces can be sufficient to stabilise the spindle, explaining robustness against perturbations not only perpendicular but also parallel to the cortex. Our results shed light on the importance of cytoplasmic streaming in mammalian meiosis.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
The c-axis optical sum rule and possible new collective mode in LSCO
Creators: name: Kuzmenko, A. B.
name: Tombros, N.
name: Molegraaf, H. J. A.
name: Grueninger, M.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Uchida, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the c-axis optical conductivity $σ_{1c}(ω, T)$ of underdoped ($x$ = 0.12) and optimally doped ($x$ = 0.15) LSCO from 4 meV to 1.8 eV obtained by a combination of reflectivity and transmission spectra. In addition to the opening of the superconducting gap, we observe an {\it increase} of conductivity above the gap up to 270 meV with a maximal effect at about 120 meV. This may indicate a new collective mode at a surprisingly large energy scale. The Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham sum rule is violated for both doping levels. Although the relative value of the violation is much larger for the underdoped sample, the absolute increase of the low-frequency spectral weight, including that of the condensate, is higher in the optimally doped regime. Our results resemble in many respects the observations in YBCO.
description: RevTEX, 4 pages, 4 figures
Light emission properties in a double quantum dot molecule immersed in a cavity: phonon-assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Vargas-Calderón, Vladimir
name: Vinck-Posada, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two main mechanisms dictate the tunneling process in a double quantum dot: overlap of excited wave functions, effectively described as a tunneling rate, and phonon-assisted tunneling. In this paper, we study different regimes of tunneling that arise from the competition between these two mechanisms in a double quantum dot molecule immersed in a unimodal optical cavity. We show how such regimes affect the mean number of excitations in each quantum dot and in the cavity, the spectroscopic resolution and emission peaks of the photoluminescence spectrum, and the second-order coherence function which is an indicator of the quantumness of emitted light from the cavity.
description: submitted to physics letters A. 3 figures
Acalypha chocoana Cardiel 1994
Creators: name: Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo
name: Cardiel, José María
name: Atha, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Acalypha chocoana

description: 4. Acalypha chocoana Cardiel (1994: 201). Type: ― COLOMBIA. Chocó: near Madurex Logging camp above Teresita and below the Rapids on R. Truandó, 7˗8 February 1967, J . A. Duke 9985 (holotype GH!, isotypes MO!, NY!).
 Distribution:— America. Western South America: Colombia.
 References:— Cardiel (1995a: 34, 1995b: 183), Govaerts et al. (2000: 55), Murillo (2004: 187).
 Note:— This species is only known from the type collection from the Chocó rainforest, a biodiversity hotspot on the Pacific slope of the Colombian Andes.
description: Published as part of Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo, Cardiel, José María & Atha, Daniel, 2014, Acalypha subgenus Linostachys (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): a global review, pp. 199-221 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5138433
Adaptive Design of Excitonic Absorption in Broken-Symmetry Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Thalken, Jason
name: Li, Weifei
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Levi, A. F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive quantum design is used to identify broken-symmetry quantum well potential profiles with optical response properties superior to previous ad-hoc solutions. This technique performs an unbiased stochastic search of configuration space. It allows us to engineer many-body excitonic wave functions and thus provides a new methodology to efficiently develop optimized quantum confined Stark effect device structures.
description: 4 pages, 3 encapsulated postscript figures
Current state of developing advanced therapies for rare diseases in the European Union
Creators: name: Tingting Qiu
name: Yitong Wang
name: Dabbous, Monique
name: Hanna, Eve
name: Han, Ru
name: Shuyao Liang
name: Mondher Toumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) present significant therapeutic advantages for inherited rare diseases. However, the development of orphan ATMPs is challenging due to their complexity and unpredictable biological activity. This study aims to comprehensively describe the current state of orphan ATMPs in Europe. Orphan drugs (ODs) granted by European Commission until March 2020 were investigated. The characteristic of diseases and ATMPs were extracted from the public summary reports of ODs from Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products. The methodology for the pivotal studies of ATMPs was extracted. A total of 274 ATMPs were identified, covering 116 rare diseases, with metabolic, optical, and oncologic diseases being the most targeted. A total of 158 ATMPs were indicated for life-threatening diseases, 129 ATMPs targeted diseases currently lacking authorized or satisfactory treatment available. Twenty-eight ATMPs are being investigated in the phase II/IIII or phase III studies. The median patient size of pivotal studies was 127, 15 were open-label studies, 8 were single-arm trials, and 14 reported surrogate outcomes. There are rapid growths in developing ATMPs for life-threatening diseases with high unmet clinical needs. Optimizing the study methodology and exploring innovative design to facilitate the market access is paramount.
Non-linear Mediation Analysis with High-dimensional Mediators whose Causal Structure is Unknown
Creators: name: Loh, Wen Wei
name: Moerkerke, Beatrijs
name: Loeys, Tom
name: Vansteelandt, Stijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With multiple potential mediators on the causal pathway from a treatment to an outcome, we consider the problem of decomposing the effects along multiple possible causal path(s) through each distinct mediator. Under Pearl's path-specific effects framework (Pearl, 2001; Avin et al., 2005), such fine-grained decompositions necessitate stringent assumptions, such as correctly specifying the causal structure among the mediators, and there being no unobserved confounding among the mediators. In contrast, interventional direct and indirect effects for multiple mediators (Vansteelandt and Daniel, 2017) can be identified under much weaker conditions, while providing scientifically relevant causal interpretations. Nonetheless, current estimation approaches require (correctly) specifying a model for the joint mediator distribution, which can be difficult when there is a high-dimensional set of possibly continuous and non-continuous mediators. In this article, we avoid the need to model this distribution, by developing a definition of interventional effects previously suggested by VanderWeele and Tchetgen Tchetgen (2017) for longitudinal mediation. We propose a novel estimation strategy that uses non-parametric estimates of the (counterfactual) mediator distributions. Non-continuous outcomes can be accommodated using non-linear outcome models. Estimation proceeds via Monte Carlo integration. The procedure is illustrated using publicly available genomic data (Huang and Pan, 2016) to assess the causal effect of a microRNA expression on the three-month mortality of brain cancer patients that is potentially mediated by expression values of multiple genes.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Acalypha echinus Pax & Hoffmann 1924
Creators: name: Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo
name: Cardiel, José María
name: Atha, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Acalypha echinus

description: 6. Acalypha echinus Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 20). Neotype (designated here): ― TANZANIA. Tanga: Pangani, Tanga, Mseko (near Mwera) Utupa, 76 m, 20 December 1953, R. Tanner 2525 (K 452448!). Original type: ― TANZANIA. Tanga: Ostafrikanische Steppenprovinz, Deutsch-Ostafrika, Pangani, date unknown, F.L. Stuhlmann 193 (holotype B [destroyed]).
 Distribution:— Africa. East Tropical Africa: Kenya and Tanzania.
 Voucher:— KENYA. Tana River District: Tana river National Primate Reserve, 30 m, 16 March 1990, Q . Luke et al. TPR 465 (EA, K, MO, US).
 References:— Radcliffe-Smith (1987: 197), Lebrun & Stork (1991: 204, 2006: 18), Govaerts et al. (2000: 61), Luke et al. (2005: 56), Klopper et al. (2006: 274), Maingi & Marsh (2006: 216).
 Note:— Most of Stuhlmann’s collections were destroyed in the 1943 Berlin herbarium fire (Hiepko 1987). We designated as neotype a well preserved collection, found in the K herbarium, from the same locality as that of the presumably destroyed original collection.
description: Published as part of Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo, Cardiel, José María & Atha, Daniel, 2014, Acalypha subgenus Linostachys (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): a global review, pp. 199-221 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5138433
Clinical and economic assessment of nusinersen: the Bulgarian perspective
Creators: name: Kamusheva, Maria Stefanova
name: Dimitrova, Maria Jordanova
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a very serious debilitating rare condition mainly affecting newborns and infants. The aim of current chapter is to present the standard of care and treatment available in Bulgaria from both clinical and economic point of view. The authors are presenting the latest clinical studies in the area of this rare neuromuscular disorder as well as describing a very detailed economic evaluation from the perspective of Bulgarian healthcare insurance fund regarding Nusinersen. A systematic literature review of the published clinical studies of nusinersen for the period March 2015 – March 2019 was performed following predefined criteria. Nusinersen is a significant therapeutic advancement, and is the first option to delay the progression of the disease. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of nusinersen and achieving better clinical outcomes after its use compared to placebo. Despite the expected significant increase of the budget for SMA, nusinersen provides new possibilities of treatment of children with SMA in Bulgaria and innovative disease-modifying approach to the unmet medical needs of the patients and their families.
Critical behaviour of combinatorial search algorithms, and the unitary-propagation universality class
Creators: name: Deroulers, Christophe
name: Monasson, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The probability P(alpha, N) that search algorithms for random Satisfiability problems successfully find a solution is studied as a function of the ratio alpha of constraints per variable and the number N of variables. P is shown to be finite if alpha lies below an algorithm--dependent threshold alpha\_A, and exponentially small in N above. The critical behaviour is universal for all algorithms based on the widely-used unitary propagation rule: P[ (1 + epsilon) alpha\_A, N] ~ exp[-N^(1/6) Phi(epsilon N^(1/3)) ]. Exponents are related to the critical behaviour of random graphs, and the scaling function Phi is exactly calculated through a mapping onto a diffusion-and-death problem.
description: 7 pages; 3 figures