cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Civil War and Human Development: Impacts of Finance and Financial Infrastructure
Creators: name: Baddeley, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Human development
civil conflict
military spending
financial instability
financial infrastructure

description: In this paper interactions between finance, development and armed conflict are explored to demonstrate that financial factors are crucial in sustaining conflict-underdevelopment feedback loops. Military expenditure drains resources, financial instability leads to conflict (and vice versa), war retards the development of financial institutions/infrastructure, and interactions between finance and conflict are exacerbated by distributional struggles. Some of these feedback effects are captured within a two-stage model of war, finance and development and this is used as the basis for an empirical analysis. Econometrically, the model is estimated using panel estimation and two stage Probit least squares (2SPLS) binary dependent variable estimation techniques to control for simultaneity and heterogeneity. The results suggest that financial constraints and financial instability increase the chances of civil war directly and, via negative impacts on development, indirectly too.
Payment Matters? - An Exploratory Study into the Pre-Payment Electricity Metering
Creators: name: Brutscher, P.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Pre-payment Metering
Top-Up Behaviour
Demand Management
Pain of Paying.

description: In this paper we look at the role of pre-payment (in the context of prepayment metering) for household electricity consumption. Using a matching approach, we find that households paying their electricity up-front tend to consume no less electricity than households paying ex post. This is despite facing a higher tariff and higher transaction costs. In the second part of the paper, we explore to what extent this finding can be linked to an increase in payment flexibility under a pre-payment regime. Using data from the main electricity supplier in Northern Ireland (NIE Energy), we explore how people top-up their pre-payment meters and whether there is a link between people's top-up behaviour and their electricity consumption.
Modelling Correlation in Carbon and Energy Markets
Creators: name: Koenig, P.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: EU-ETS
Natural Gas
Fuel-Switching
Dynamic Conditional Correlation

description: The paper examines correlations between daily returns of month-ahead baseload electricity, fuel input and carbon emission allowance (EU-ETS) prices for Great Britain. The perspective of a CCGT plant operator is assumed, producing baseload electricity with natural gas and emission allowances and selling output forward in the month-ahead market. Price correlation between power, natural gas and emission allowances as well as their dynamic behaviour is essential for the extent to which cashflows from CCGT plants are self-hedged. Switching between input fuels with different carbon intensities is taken as the fundamental driver of this correlation. Relative marginal power generation costs are used to construct carbon price regimes during which no switching takes place. The regimes are then used as explanatory variables in a dynamic conditional correlation model. Using daily observations of month-ahead prices from April 2005 to August 2010, the results suggest that extreme weather, high commodity market volatility and seasons have no effect on correlation. However, there is evidence of significant price decoupling during periods of extreme relative carbon, coal and natural gas prices.
Additional file 2: of Efficacy and safety of polydioxanone thread embedded at specific acupoints for non-specific chronic neck pain: a study protocol for a randomized, subject-assessor-blinded, sham-controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Eunseok Kim
name: Kim, Hye
name: Jung, So-Young
name: Han, Chang
name: Kim, Young-Il
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Standard Protocol Items; Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOCX 57 kb)
Zur Geschichte der instrumentellen Erdbebenbeobachtung und Erdbebenforschung in Württemberg und Hohenzollern
Creators: name: Schick, Rolf
name: Wielandt, Erhard
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
Network Identification: A Passivity and Network Optimization Approach
Creators: name: Sharf, Miel
name: Zelazo, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theory of network identification, namely identifying the interaction topology among a known number of agents, has been widely developed for linear agents over recent years. However, the theory for nonlinear agents remains less extensive. We use the notion maximal equilibrium-independent passivity (MEIP) and network optimization theory to present a network identification method for nonlinear agents.We do so by introducing a specially designed exogenous input, and exploiting the properties of networked MEIP systems. We then specialize on LTI agents, showing that the method gives a distributed cubic-time algorithm for network reconstruction in that case. We also discuss different methods of choosing the exogenous input, and provide an example on a neural network model.
description: 8 Pages, 3 Figures
Integrated gallium phosphide nonlinear photonics
Creators: name: Wilson, Dalziel J.
name: Schneider, Katharina
name: Hoenl, Simon
name: Anderson, Miles
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
name: Seidler, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gallium phosphide (GaP) is an indirect bandgap semiconductor used widely in solid-state lighting. Despite numerous intriguing optical properties---including large $χ^{(2)}$ and $χ^{(3)}$ coefficients, a high refractive index ($>3$), and transparency from visible to long-infrared wavelengths ($0.55-11\,μ$m)---its application as an integrated photonics material has been little studied. Here we introduce GaP-on-insulator as a platform for nonlinear photonics, exploiting a direct wafer bonding approach to realize integrated waveguides with 1.2 dB/cm loss in the telecommunications C-band (on par with Si-on-insulator). High quality $(Q> 10^5)$, grating-coupled ring resonators are fabricated and studied. Employing a modulation transfer approach, we obtain a direct experimental estimate of the nonlinear index of GaP at telecommunication wavelengths: $n_2=1.2(5)\times 10^{-17}\,\text{m}^2/\text{W}$. We also observe Kerr frequency comb generation in resonators with engineered dispersion. Parametric threshold powers as low as 3 mW are realized, followed by broadband ($>100$ nm) frequency combs with sub-THz spacing, frequency-doubled combs and, in a separate device, efficient Raman lasing. These results signal the emergence of GaP-on-insulator as a novel platform for integrated nonlinear photonics.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; typos corrected, added/fixed references, modified title
Liquidity Constraints and High Electricity Use
Creators: name: Brutscher, P.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Liquidity Constraints
Minimum Purchase Requirement
Electricity Demand Management
Low-Income Households.

description: It is a well established fact that electricity use increases with income. What is less well known is that - despite the positive correlation between electricity use and income - a significant portion of low-income households consume very large amounts of electricity. In this paper, we make a first step towards better understanding this phenomenon. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that the high electricity use is driven by the fact that low-income households find it difficult to purchase heating oil upfront/in bulk and so use electricity to heat their homes. Using data from the Northern Ireland Continuous Household Survey and the Living Cost and Food Survey, we show that an exogenous increase in income leads to an increase (decrease) in the probability that low-income households use oil (electricity) for heating by approximately 40 (30) percentage points. In addition, we provide evidence which is at odds with a set of alternative explanations for our findings.
Holographic entropy relations
Creators: name: Hubeny, Veronika E.
name: Rangamani, Mukund
name: Rota, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework for the derivation of new information theoretic quantities which are natural from a holographic perspective. We demonstrate the utility of our techniques by deriving the tripartite information (the quantity associated to monogamy of mutual information) using a set of abstract arguments involving bulk extremal surfaces. Our arguments rely on formal manipulations of surfaces and not on local surgery or explicit computation of entropies through the holographic entanglement entropy prescriptions. As an application, we show how to derive a family of similar information quantities for an arbitrary number of parties. The present work establishes the foundation of a broader program that aims at the understanding of the entanglement structures of geometric states for an arbitrary number of parties. We stress that our method is completely democratic with respect to bulk geometries and is equally valid in static and dynamical situations. While rooted in holography, we expect that our construction will provide a useful characterization of multipartite correlations in quantum field theories.
description: v1: 58 pages, 1 pdf figure
An Analysis of the Practice of Earnings Conference Calls: Evidence from Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Creators: name: Ekundayo, Oyindamola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150103 Financial Accounting

description: In the digital age, especially the advent of the Internet, companies now have complimentary media or outright substitute media for passing information to stakeholders, thus giving stakeholders better access to information and providing equity of access to information. Annual reports and other financial reports are now posted on companies' websites and are freely accessible. Spoken communications, hitherto made during live meetings, are now commonly done through earnings calls. The study sample consists of 25 deposit money banks in Nigeria. The banks' websites were visited to access conference calls records from the First Quarter of 2008 to the year-end of 2019. A dichotomous non-weighted scoring method was used to assess the availability of earnings conference calls, while a weighted scoring method was adopted for the types of earnings calls disclosed. The study found that most quoted deposit money banks have adopted earnings conference calls to interact with analysts and investors, while unquoted deposit money banks are left behind. The study also found that while conference calls are made either as audio-only or video, most banks only post the transcripts of such interaction. The study recommends that banks that have not adopted earnings conference calls should adopt this medium to convince stakeholders that the banks are not hiding anything bad. Furthermore, the original form of the conference calls should be made available on the banks' websites in addition to transcripts.
NW-FVA Waldschutzinfo 2021-05
Creators: name: Hurling, Rainer
name: Hein, Christof
name: Rommerskirchen, Andreas
name: Rohde, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Waldschutzinfo
Borkenkäfer

description: Waldschutzinfo 2021-05 der Nordwestdeutschen Forstlichen Versuchsanstalt (NW-FVA) Göttingen zum Thema Borkenkäfer, Rüsselkäfer, kernbohrende Käfer und mehr.
Additional file 1: of Efficacy and safety of polydioxanone thread embedded at specific acupoints for non-specific chronic neck pain: a study protocol for a randomized, subject-assessor-blinded, sham-controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Eunseok Kim
name: Kim, Hye
name: Jung, So-Young
name: Han, Chang
name: Kim, Young-Il
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Details of polydioxanone thread-embedding acupuncture treatments based on the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) Checklist 2010. (DOCX 28 kb)
Additional file 4: of Two-component cyclase opsins of green algae are ATP-dependent and light-inhibited guanylyl cyclases
Creators: name: Yuehui Tian
name: Shiqiang Gao
name: Heyde, Eva
name: Hallmann, Armin
name: Nagel, Georg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Figure S4. Alignment of nucleotidyl cyclase domains. Alignment of GC domains of Cr2c-Cyclop1, Vc2c-Cyclop1, Cop5, BeCyclop, CYG12, Cya2, and bPAC AC domain. Blue, metal binding residues; red, base recognition residues; green, ribose-orienting residue; purple, transition state-stabilizing residue. Cop5: XP_001701623.1, BeCyclOp: AIC07007.1, CYG12: EDP07101.1, Cya2: WP_010871597.1, bPAC: ADC33127.1. (PDF 47 kb)
Industrial Relations in Britain under New Labour, 1997 - 2010: A post mortem
Creators: name: Brown, WA
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: British Industrial Relations
New Labour
trade unions
collective bargaining
partnership
Acas
labour legislation
industrial conciliation

description: A revival of trade unions was widely expected when Blair’s New Labour government took over from the Conservatives in Britain in 1997. This did not occur. Collective bargaining continued to retreat. The paper discusses the implications of the changing economic context for the government’s legal innovations, notably statutory trade union recognition and a minimum wage. It describes the consequences for industrial relations. It concludes that New Labour’s legacy may lie in its nurturing of the institutions of social partnership and the use of conciliation.
NNLO results for heavy quark and direct photon production near threshold
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present some results for the next-to-next-to-leading order expansions of the resummed cross sections for heavy quark and direct photon production near threshold in hadronic collisions.
description: 3 pages LaTeX, 1eps figure, uses npb.sty, presented at the DIS99 Workshop, Zeuthen, Germany, April 19-23, 1999, to appear in the proceedings
Principal Components Instrumental Variable Estimation
Creators: name: Winkelried, D.
name: Smith, R.J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Many instrument asymptotics
principal components

description: Instrumental variable estimators can be severely biased in finite samples when the degree of overidentification is high or when the instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous regressors. This paper proposes an estimator based on the use of the principal components of the instruments as a means of dealing with these issues. By promoting parsimony, the proposed estimator can exhibit considerably lower bias, often without giving up asymptotic efficiency. To make the estimator operational, a simple but flexible rule to select the relevant components for estimation is suggested. Simulation evidence shows that this approach yields significant finite sample improvements over other instrumental variable estimators.
Collective flow and correlations measurements with HADES in Au+Au collisions at 1.23 AGeV
Creators: name: Kardan, Behruz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HADES experiment provides a large acceptance combined with a high mass resolution and therefore makes it possible to study dielectron and hadron production in heavy-ion collisions with unprecedented precision. With the high statistics of seven billion Au+Au collisions at 1.23 AGeV recorded in 2012 the investigation of collective effects and particle correlations is possible with unprecedented accuracy. We present multi-differential data on directed ($v_1$) and elliptic ($v_2$) flow, and the first measurement of triangular flow ($v_3$), of protons and deuterons.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted contribution to the proceedings of Quark Matter 2018
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0079
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0079, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0079, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Health Satisfaction and Energy Spending
Creators: name: Meier, H.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Health satisfaction
energy spending

description: This study explores the link between energy spending and health satisfaction. We aim to show that energy spending is a driver of health satisfaction and therefore of the overall quality of life of individuals. This has important implications for policy makers especially in the context of fuel poor and low-income households. The analysis tests the hypothesis that health satisfaction decreases with increasing energy spending per room. Households with high energy spending tend to live in inefficiently insulated homes that are not heated adequately. We use a British panel household survey dataset with more than 60,000 observations covering the period 1997 to 2007. We apply a fixed effects econometric model which enables us to take unobservable heterogeneity between households into account.
Evolution of Earth-like extrasolar planetary atmospheres: Assessing the atmospheres and biospheres of early Earth analog planets with a coupled atmosphere biogeochemical model
Creators: name: Gebauer, S.
name: Grenfell, J. L.
name: Stock, J. W.
name: Lehmann, R.
name: Godolt, M.
name: von Paris, P.
name: Rauer, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the evolution of Earth and potentially habitable Earth-like worlds is essential to fathom our origin in the Universe. The search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone and investigation of their atmospheres with climate and photochemical models is a central focus in exoplanetary science. Taking the evolution of Earth as a reference for Earth-like planets, a central scientific goal is to understand what the interactions were between atmosphere, geology, and biology on early Earth. The Great Oxidation Event (GOE) in Earth's history was certainly caused by their interplay, but the origin and controlling processes of this occurrence are not well understood, the study of which will require interdisciplinary, coupled models. In this work, we present results from our newly developed Coupled Atmosphere Biogeochemistry model in which atmospheric O$_2$ concentrations are fixed to values inferred by geological evidence. Applying a unique tool, ours is the first quantitative analysis of catalytic cycles that governed O$_2$ in early Earth's atmosphere near the GOE. Complicated oxidation pathways play a key role in destroying O$_2$, whereas in the upper atmosphere, most O$_2$ is formed abiotically via CO$_2$ photolysis. The O$_2$ bistability found by Goldblatt et al. (2006) is not observed in our calculations likely due to our detailed CH$_4$ oxidation scheme. We calculate increased CH$_4$ with increasing O$_2$ during the GOE. For a given atmospheric surface flux, different atmospheric states are possible; however, the net primary productivity (NPP) of the biosphere that produces O$_2$ is unique. Mixing, CH$_4$ fluxes, ocean solubility, and mantle/crust properties strongly affect NPP and surface O$_2$ fluxes. Regarding exoplanets, different "states" of O$_2$ could exist for similar biomass output. Strong geological activity could lead to false negatives for life.
description: 72 pages, 28 figures, 7 tables
Cosmological Magnetic Fields from Primordial Helicity
Creators: name: Field, George B.
name: Carroll, Sean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial magnetic fields may account for all or part of the fields observed in galaxies. We consider the evolution of the magnetic fields created by pseudoscalar effects in the early universe. Such processes can create force-free fields of maximal helicity; we show that for such a field magnetic energy inverse cascades to larger scales than it would have solely by flux freezing and cosmic expansion. For fields generated at the electroweak phase transition, we find that the predicted wavelength today can in principle be as large as 10 kpc, and the field strength can be as large as 10^{-10} G.
description: 13 pages
Ueber den gegenwärtigen Standpunkt der vaterländischen Naturkunde Württembergs [Bd. 1, 1845]
Creators: name: Plieninger, Wilhelm Heinrich Theodor
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
Tracing Outflowing Metals in Simulations of Dwarf and Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Christensen, Charlotte R.
name: Dave, Romeel
name: Brooks, Alyson
name: Quinn, Thomas
name: Shen, Sijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the metal accumulation in dwarf and spiral galaxies by following the history of metal enrichment and outflows in a suite of twenty high-resolution simulated galaxies. These simulations agree with the observed stellar and gas-phase mass-metallicity relation, an agreement that relies on large fractions of the produced metals escaping into the CGM. For instance, in galaxies with Mvir ~ 1e9.5 -- 1e10 solar masses, we find that about ~ 85% of the available metals are outside of the galactic disk at z = 0, although the fraction decreases to a little less than half in Milky Way-mass galaxies. In many cases, these metals are spread far beyond the virial radius. We analyze the metal deficit within the ISM and stars in the context of previous work tracking the inflow and outflow of baryons. Outflows are prevalent across the entire mass range, as is reaccretion. We find that between 40 and 80% of all metals removed from the galactic disk are later reaccreted. The outflows themselves are metal enriched relative to the ISM by a factor of 0.2 dex because of the correspondence between sites of metal enrichment and outflows. As a result, the metal mass loading factor scales as eta_metals \propto v_circ^-0.91, a somewhat shallower scaling than the total mass loading factor. We analyze the simulated galaxies within the context of analytic chemical evolution models by determining their net metal expulsion efficiencies, which encapsulate the rates of metal loss and reaccretion. We discuss these results in light of the inflow and outflow properties necessary for reproducing the mass-metallicity relation.
description: Under review by ApJ. 21 pages, 15 figures
The transition from an ordered antiferromagnet to a quantum disordered spin liquid in a solvable bilayer model
Creators: name: Gros, C.
name: Wenzel, W.
name: Richter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spin-1/2 bilayer model for the quantum order-disorder transition which (i) can be solved by mean-field theory for bulk quantities, (ii) becomes critical at the transition, and (iii) allows to include intralayer frustration. We present numerical data (for systems with up to 240 sites) and analytical results for the critical coupling strength, ground-state energy, order parameter and for the gap. We show that the critical coupling decreases linearly with frustration.
description: Europhys. Lett., in press. Figures available by mail
MOESM3 of Interplay between Plasmodium falciparum haemozoin and l-arginine: implication for nitric oxide production
Creators: name: Corbett, Yolanda
name: D’Alessandro, Sarah
name: Parapini, Silvia
name: Scaccabarozzi, Diletta
name: Kalantari, Parisa
name: Zava, Stefania
name: Giavarini, Flavio
name: Caruso, Donatella
name: Colombo, Irma
name: Egan, Timothy
name: Basilico, Nicoletta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Measurement of nitrite concentrations in BMDM treated with synthetic hemozoin.
Aggregation in Large Dynamic Panels
Creators: name: Pesaran, M Hashem
name: Chudik, Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Aggregation
Large Dynamic Panels
Long Memory
Weak and Strong Cross Section Dependence
VAR Models
Factor Models
Inflation Persistence

description: This paper considers the problem of aggregation in the case of large linear dynamic panels, where each micro unit is potentially related to all other micro units, and where micro innovations are allowed to be cross sectionally dependent. Following Pesaran (2003), an optimal aggregate function is derived, and the limiting behavior of the aggregation error is investigated as N (the number of cross section units) increases. Certain distributional features of micro parameters are also identified from the aggregate function. The paper then establishes Granger�s (1980) conjecture regarding the long memory properties of aggregate variables from .a very large scale dynamic, econometric model., and considers the time profiles of the effects of macro and micro shocks on the aggregate and disaggregate variables. Some of these findings are illustrated in Monte Carlo experiments, where we also study the estimation of the aggregate effects of micro and macro shocks. The paper concludes with an empirical application to consumer price inflation in Germany, France and Italy, and re-examines the extent to which �observed� inflation persistence at the aggregate level is due to aggregation and/or common unobserved factors. Our findings suggest that dynamic heterogeneity as well as persistent common factors are needed for explaining the observed persistence of the aggregate inflation.
Erste Generalversammlung des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg am 2. Mai 1845 zu Stuttgart. Mit Vorträgen [Bd. 1, 1845]
Creators: name: - CREATOR UNKNOWN -
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
Infrared Lightcurves of Near Earth Objects
Creators: name: Hora, Joseph L.
name: Siraj, Amir
name: Mommert, Michael
name: McNeill, Andrew
name: Trilling, David E.
name: Gustafsson, Annika
name: Smith, Howard A.
name: Fazio, Giovanni G.
name: Chesley, Steven
name: Emery, Joshua P.
name: Harris, Alan
name: Mueller, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present lightcurves and derive periods and amplitudes for a subset of 38 near earth objects (NEOs) observed at 4.5 microns with the IRAC camera on the the Spitzer Space Telescope, many of them having no previously reported rotation periods. This subset was chosen from about 1800 IRAC NEO observations as having obvious periodicity and significant amplitude. For objects where the period observed did not sample the full rotational period, we derived lower limits to these parameters based on sinusoidal fits. Lightcurve durations ranged from 42 to 544 minutes, with derived periods from 16 to 400 minutes. We discuss the effects of lightcurve variations on the thermal modeling used to derive diameters and albedos from Spitzer photometry. We find that both diameters and albedos derived from the lightcurve maxima and minima agree with our previously published results, even for extreme objects, showing the conservative nature of the thermal model uncertainties. We also evaluate the NEO rotation rates, sizes, and their cohesive strengths.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Analysis of uncertainty in the surgical department: durations, requests, and cancellations
Creators: name: Spratt, Belinda
name: Kozan, Erhan
name: Sinnott, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BACKGROUND: Analytical techniques are being implemented with increasing frequency to improve the management of surgical departments and to ensure that decisions are well-informed. Often these analytical techniques rely on the validity of underlying statistical assumptions, including those around choice of distribution when modelling uncertainty. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the research is to determine a set of suitable statistical distributions and provide recommendations to assist hospital planning staff, based on three full years of historical data. METHODS: Statistical analysis has been performed to determine the most appropriate distributions and models in a variety of surgical contexts. Data from 2013 to 2015 was collected from the surgical department at a large Australian public hospital. RESULTS: A lognormal distribution approximation of the total duration of surgeries in an operating room is appropriate when considering probability of overtime. Surgical requests can be modelled as a Poisson process with rate dependent on urgency and day of the week. It is found that individual cancellations can be modelled as Bernoulli trials, with the probability of patient, staff, and resource based cancellations provided herein. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis presented here can be used to ensure that assumptions surrounding planning and scheduling in the surgical department are valid. Understanding the stochasticity in the surgical department may result in the implementation of more realistic decision models.
Through the Yellowstone
Creators: name: Cathcart, Jack
Publisher: name: Shaw & Powell Camping Co.
Year: 1914
Subjects: Yellowstone National Park

description: In the lingo of the Park, Tourists traveling with the Company, were Dudes; The Drivers, were Savages; Girls who waited on the tables, were Savages, and also Heavers. Solders, were Sauvies. Individual Camping people were Sage-Brushers.
Dynamical quantum phase transitions in $U(1)$ quantum link models
Creators: name: Huang, Yi-Ping
name: Banerjee, Debasish
name: Heyl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum link models are extensions of Wilson-type lattice gauge theories which realize exact gauge invariance with finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Quantum link models not only reproduce the standard features of Wilson's lattice gauge theories, but also host new phenomena such as crystalline confined phases. We study the non-equilibrium quench dynamics for two representative cases, $U(1)$ quantum link models in (1+1)d and (2+1)d, through the lens of dynamical quantum phase transitions. Finally, we discuss the connection to the high-energy perspective and the experimental feasibility to observe the discussed phenomena in recent quantum simulator settings such as trapped ions, ultra-cold atoms, and Rydberg atoms.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Electricity Distribution Networks: Investment and Regulation, and Uncertain Demand
Creators: name: Jamasb, T.
name: Marantes, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Electricity networks
regulation
investment

description: Electricity distribution networks are capital intensive systems and timely investments are crucial for long-term reliability of their service. In coming years, in the UK, and elsewhere in Europe, many networks are in need of extensive investments in their aging assets. Also, aspects of energy policy concerning climate change, renewable energy, energy efficiency, demand side management (DSM), network energy loss reduction, quality of service standards, and security of supply require active, flexible, and smart networks that can be achieved through investments. This paper is a chapter in the forthcoming book "Jamasb T. and Pollitt, M. G. (2011) Eds., The Future of Electricity Demand: Customers, Citizens and Loads, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge" and describes a network investment assessment model developed as a tool to identify and assess the investment requirements of distribution networks. A broadening of the scope of network investments to include demand-related measures that can reduce the need for investments.
The local dimension of energy
Creators: name: Kelly, SJ
name: Pollitt, MG
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Local Energy
Decentralised Energy
Energy Service Company (ESCo)
CHP
District Heating

description: In this paper, we postulate that some of the best opportunities for reducing energy demand and carbon emissions are through stronger involvement and leadership from local government. We show that local government can and do have a significant impact on both energy production and energy consumption and are important participants for the implementation of distributed generation (DG). the progress being made by successful local governments can be narrowed to three key factors. First, they have all recognised the co-benefits of a local energy strategy: a reduction in fuel poverty, increased employment, improved quality of life and mitigation of uncertain fuel supplies and prices. Secondly, successful councils have strong political leadership and employee support to implement the structural change to bring about change. Thirdly, leading councils have gained momentum by working in partnership with utilities, private companies, NGO’s, DNO’s and government departments to raise finance and garner support. While climate change remains a global issue, some of the best strategies for mitigation are implemented at the local level.
Planning electricity transmission to accommodate renewables: Using two-stage programming to evaluate flexibility and the cost of disregarding uncertainty
Creators: name: Van Der Weijde, A.H.
name: Hobbs, B.F.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Decision making
electricity
transmission
planning
uncertainty

description: We develop a stochastic two-stage optimisation model that captures the multistage nature of electricity transmission planning under uncertainty and apply it to a stylised representation of the Great Britain (GB) network. In our model, a proactive transmission planner makes investment decisions in two time periods, each time followed by a market response. This model allows us to identify robust first-stage investments and estimate the value of information in transmission planning, the costs of ignoring uncertainty, and the value of flexibility. Our results show that ignoring risk has quantifiable economic consequences, and that considering uncertainty explicitly can yield decisions that have lower expected costs than traditional deterministic planning methods. Furthermore, the best plan under a risk-neutral criterion can differ from the best under risk-aversion.
Commodity Price Volatility and the Sources of Growth
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, T.V.De V.
name: Mohaddes, K.
name: Raissi, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Growth
resource curse
commodity prices
volatility

description: This paper studies the impact of the level and volatility of commodity terms of trade on economic growth, as well as on the three main growth channels: total factor productivity, physical capital accumulation, and human capital acquisition. We argue that volatility, rather than abundance per se, drives the "resource curse" paradox and also investigate empirically whether export diversification of commodity dependent countries contribute to faster growth. We use the standard system GMM approach as well as an augmented version of the pooled mean group (PMG) methodology of Pesaran et al. (1999) for estimation. The latter takes account of cross-country heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence, while the former controls for biases associated with simultaneity and unobserved country-specific effects. Using both annual data for 1970-2007 and five-year non-overlapping observations, we find that while commodity terms of trade growth enhances real output per capita, volatility exerts a negative impact on economic growth operating mainly through lower accumulation of physical capital. Our results indicate that the negative growth effects of CTOT volatility offset the positive impact of commodity booms.
Homogeneous middles vs. heterogeneous tails, and the end of the ‘Inverted-U’: the share of the rich is what it's all about
Creators: name: Palma, J.G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Inequality
poverty
income polarisation
Latin America
South Africa

description: This paper examines the current global scene of within-nations distributional disparities. There are three main conclusions: first, that the statistical evidence for the ‘upwards’ side of the “Inverted-U” between inequality and income per capita seems to have vanished, as many lowand low-middle income countries now have a distribution of income similar to that of most middle-income countries (other than those of Latin America and Southern Africa). That is, half of Sub-Saharan Africa and many countries in Asian, including India, China and Vietnam, now have an income distribution similar to that found in North Africa, the Caribbean and the secondtier NICs. And this level is also similar to that of half of the first-tier NICs, the Mediterranean EU and the Anglophone OECD (excluding the US). As a result, about 80% of the world population now live in countries with a Gini around 40. So, the pre-globalisation statistical evidence for the hypothesis that posits that (for whatever reason) from a distributional point of view “things have to get worse before being able to get better” is rapidly drawing to a close. Second, that among middle-income countries it is only Latin America and Southern Africa that are living in an inequality limbo of their own. And third, that within an overall trend of rising inequality, there are two opposite distributional forces at work. One is ‘centrifugal’, and takes place at the two tails of the distribution-leading to an increased diversity across country in the shares appropriated by the top 10 percent and bottom forty percent. The other is ‘centripetal’, and takes place in the middle—leading to a remarkable uniformity across countries in the share of income going to the half of the population located between deciles 5 to 9. Therefore, globalisation is creating a situation where virtually all the within-nation distributional differences are the result of what the very rich and the poor are able to appropriate. In turn, it seems that regardless of the political settlement at work current distributional outcomes are characterised by half of the population (located in the middle and upper-middle of the distribution) acquiring strong ‘property rights’ over half of the national income. The other half, however, seems to be increasingly up for grabs between the very rich and the poor. And if what really matters in distributional terms is the income-share of the rich-because the rest ‘follows’ (middle classes able to defend their shares, and workers with ever more precarious jobs in ever more ‘flexible’ labour markets)-everybody attempting to understand the within-nations disparity of inequality (including myself) should always be reminded of this basic distributional fact following the example of Clinton’s campaign strategist: by sticking a note in our notice boards saying “It is the share of the rich, stupid”.
description: US
Additional file 2: of Defining and conceptualising data harmonisation: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Bey-MarriĂŠ Schmidt
name: Colvin, Christopher
name: Hohlfeld, Ameer
name: Leon, Natalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist. (DOCX 32 kb)
Alfvén wave propagation and mode coupling in non-uniform media
Creators: name: Davies, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2025
Subjects: Magnetohydrodynamics
MHD
Alfvén waves
Wave mode coupling
Fast magneoacoustic waves

description: In this thesis we investigate the process of MHD Alfvén-fast wave mode coupling in non-uniform media. To do this we begin by developing a Cartesian model using the linear MHD equations. We consider two test cases to verify and benchmark the accuracy of the simulation before beginning our investigations. Using this simulation we present investigations using both 2D and 3D initialisations, which consider the efficiency with which an Alfvén wave pulse can transmit energy through a non-uniformity of Alfvén speed. We also consider the impact on the structure of the Alfvén wave pulse. We find the Alfvén wave transmits energy with good efficiency in each case, despite the wave pulse experiencing significant distortion. We then modify the simulation developed for Wright and Elsden, 2020, in order to investigate the propagation of an Alfvénic wave pulse through a dipole field. In this case we expect the non-uniform magnetic field to force the Alfvénic wave pulse to couple to the fast mode. Again we find highly efficient energy transmission despite significant distortion to the structure of the wave pulse. Overall the results of this thesis demonstrate the robust nature of Alfvén wave pulses, which propagate energy efficiently through non-uniform mediums, even with significant distortion to the spatial structure of the wave pulse. These results show how Alfvén waves are able to play a significant role in the transport of energy in non-uniform mediums, such as planetary magnetospheres, where we may expect wave mode coupling to impact energy transmission.
Additional file 3: of Two-component cyclase opsins of green algae are ATP-dependent and light-inhibited guanylyl cyclases
Creators: name: Yuehui Tian
name: Shiqiang Gao
name: Heyde, Eva
name: Hallmann, Armin
name: Nagel, Georg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S3. Alignment of opsin domains of Cr2c-Cyclop1, Cop5, Vc2c-Cyclop1, BeCyclOp, and SrRhoPDE with ChR2, BR, and HR. Transmembrane helices are marked with green or yellow background color. The conserved lysine residue K (covalently bound to retinal via a Schiff base) is depicted in a red box in TM7. Alignment was done by Clustal Omega. Transmembrane spanning regions were labeled according to TMHMM prediction and sequence alignments. For ChR2 (or chop2), BR, and HR, transmembrane helixes are labeled based on their structures (ChR2 PDB ID: 6EID, BR PDB ID: 5AZD, HR PDB ID: 3A7K). Cop5: Cre02.g074150, BeCyclOp: AIC07007.1, SrRhoPDE: XP_004998010.1, ChR2 (or chop2): ABO64386, Bacteriorhodopsin (BR): WP_016329665, Halorhodopsin (HR): AAA72222.1. (PDF 57 kb)
Energy Spending and Vulnerable Households
Creators: name: Jamasb, T.
name: Meier, H.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Fuel poverty
energy equity
energy spending

description: A sustainable energy policy needs to balance between the reduction of carbon emissions and protection of vulnerable households and avoid a widening of the existing "energy gap" among the consumers. This studyinvestigates energy spending for different consumer groups, in particular focussing on vulnerable households. Vulnerable households are more likely to be affected by fuel poverty and have difficulties in warming theirhomes adequately. In this context we explore energy spending among households on very low incomes, including pensioners, female single parent, and benefit recipients. We describe how energy spending of these households has changed over time using a household paneldataset covering a period of 17 years, starting in 1991. We discuss the reasons that these households have higher than average energy bills and the current policy context and approaches such as the implementation of smart metres are addressed.