Ridens angulinea Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Cong, Qian
name: Grishin, Nick V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Ridens
Ridens angulinea

description: Ridens angulinea Grishin, new species   
https://zoobank.org/ F16FA82A-8646-4B46-A2F2-7C7A8DDECC6B  
(Fig. 1 part, 33–34, 246–247)  
 Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic trees reveal that specimens from Peru and Bolivia identified as Ridens fulminans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) (type locality not specified) are not monophyletic with it and are instead sister to several species of Ridens Evans, 1952 (Fig. 1), and therefore represent a new species. COI barcodes of this new species and a syntype of R. fulminans differ by 6.8% (45 bp). The new species keys to Ridens fulminans (C.12.7) in Evans (1952) and differs from R. fulminans and Ridens fulima Evans, 1952 (type locality in Brazil: Espírito Santo) in typically having narrower forewing hyaline spots (although some specimens have broader spots as well) and less prominent, mostly vestigial, pale discal band on the ventral hindwing (Fig. 33–34). Due to the cryptic nature of this species, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly116.28.11:A377G, aly116.28.11:A405G, aly2284.34.16:A61C, aly2284.34.16:A90G, aly 2311.2.8:G123A, and COI barcode: T34C, T70C, A100C, T145C, T263C.   
 Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-14104E04, GenBank OR837636, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCTGGCTTAATTGGAACTTCCTTAAGATTACTTATTCGTACCGAATTAGGAATTCCCGGTTCTTTAATT GGCGATGACCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACAGCACATGCCTTTATCATAATCTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATT GATTAGTACCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCATTCCCCCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCTCTTACTCTTTTAAT TTCTAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGTGCTGGAACAGGTTGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCAACTAATATTGCCCATCAAGGGGCATCTGTCGACTTA GCCATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCCTCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAATATGCGAATTAATAATTTATCAT TTGATCAAATACCATTATTTATTTGAGCCGTAGGAATTACAGCATTATTATTATTACTTTCTTTACCTGTATTGGCAGGAGCTATTACCATATTACT TACCGATCGAAACTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGTGGAGATCCAATTTTATATCAACACTTATTT   
 Type material. Holotype: ♂ currently deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (USNM), illustrated in Fig. 33–34, bears the following three rectangular labels, two white: [PERU: Cuzco 1,194m | Bridge@ 1194 m | Cosnipata Road 3167 | 29.I.2013 Kinyon], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-14104E04 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♂ | Ridens angulinea | Grishin]. Paratypes: 5♂♂: 1♂ NVG-17103B12 USNM _00913749 Peru: Cuzco, Cosnipata Valley, Quebrada Santa Isabel, 24-Oct-2016, S. Kinyon leg. [USNM]; 1♂ NVG-18089A11 Bolivia: Yungas Region, Caranavi Province, 50 km N of Coroico, 700-1200 m, Nov-1988, Carlos Tello leg. [EBrockmann]; 3♂♂ Bolivia: Rio Songo: NVG-19041B10 AMNH _ IZC 00337748 750 m, coll. Fassl, genitalia slide G770 [AMNH]; and R. C. Williams, Jr. collection [ANSP]: NVG-22042E10 and NVG-22042E11 genitalia slide No. 316.   
 Type locality. Peru: Cuzco, Cosñipata Road, bridge at 1194 m.   
 Etymology. The name reflects narrower white bands and spots in many specimens of this species. It is derived from the Latin phrase “narrow lines”: angu [stis] line [is]+a. The name is a noun in apposition.   
 Distribution. Southern Peru and Bolivia.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, pp. 1-115 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (26) on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10396362