cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perfluorooctanoic Acid–Induced Immunomodulation in Adult C57BL/6J or C57BL/6N Female Mice
Creators: name: Copeland, Carey B.
name: DeWitt, Jamie C.
name: Strynar, Mark J.
name: Luebke, Robert W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an environmentally persistent compound of regulatory concern, has been reported to reduce antibody responses in mice at a single dose.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate PFOA effects on humoral and cellular immunity using standard assays for assessing immune function, and to derive dose–response data.MethodsC57BL/6J mice received 0 or 30 mg PFOA/kg/day for 10 days; half of the exposed groups were switched to vehicle and half continued on PFOA for five days. C57BL/6N mice received 0–30 mg/kg/day of PFOA in drinking water for 15 days. Mice were immunized with sheep red blood cells or sensitized to bovine serum albumin in Freund’s complete adjuvant on day 10 of exposure; immune responses were determined 1 day post-exposure.ResultsWe found that 30 mg PFOA/kg/day given for 10 or 15 days reduced IgM synthesis; serum collected 1 day postexposure contained 8.4 × 104 or 2.7 × 105 ng PFOA/mL, respectively. IgM synthesis was suppressed at exposures ≥ 3.75 mg PFOA/kg/day in a dose-dependent manner, and IgG titers were elevated at 3.75 and 7.5 mg PFOA/kg/day. Serum PFOA at 3.75 mg/kg/day was 7.4 × 104 ng/mL 1 day postexposure, or 150-fold greater than the levels reported in individuals living near a PFOA production site. Using a second-degree polynomial model, we calculated a benchmark dose of 3 mg/kg/day, with a lower bound (95% confidence limit) of 1.75 mg/kg/day. Cell-mediated function was not affected.ConclusionsIgM antibodies were suppressed after PFOA exposure. The margin of exposure for reduced IgM antibody synthesis was approximately 150 for highly exposed human populations.
AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF IN-AIR CAPTURING VEHICLES USING CFD SIMULATIONS
Creators: name:  Y.C. KUCUKOSMAN
name:   S. LOPES
name:   S. BUCKINGHAM
name:   P. PLANQUART
name:   S. SINGH
name:   L. BUSSLER
name:   S. STAPPERT
name:   M. SIPPEL
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: REUSABLE SYSTEMS
SPACE ACCESS
FALCON

description: The sustainability of the complex, high performance, high-cost rocket stages and engines has drawn attention to the innovative return modes with the aim of bringing them back to their launch site. One of the return modes, in-air capturing (IAC), where a reusable launcher vehicle (RLV) is towed back by an aircraft with the assistance of an aerodynamically controlled capturing device (ACCD) which helps to connect the two vehicles. This return mode is found to be more promising as it eliminates the additional propulsion system during the descent which reduces the mass and the cost of the system. The first and integral step of IAC requires the two vehicles to be in a parallel formation for at least 60s to enable the ACCD released from the aircraft to reach the RLV. This would require both vehicles to maintain similar aerodynamic performance to achieve comparable velocities and altitude. Typical long-range commercial aircrafts have a lift to drag ratio between 17 to 19. However, during IAC, this ratio must be brought down to a value of around 6 for the vehicles to remain within the capture envelope. Empirical methods are typically used to determine the optimum capturing aircraft configurations by combining the drag generated by the various components [1]. However, the drag components create additional turbulence structures that the empirical methods are unable to estimate. Therefore, it is important to critically analyse the formation flight configurations using high-fidelity CFD simulations, while taking into consideration the atmospheric perturbations. In this paper, the methodology for the high-fidelity simulations is presented. A sensitivity study is performed on the type of boundary conditions, the choice of the solver, the domain size and turbulence model, by referring to experimental results obtained on a NACA 0012 airfoil. Best practice guidelines are then applied to all three vehicles: the towing aircraft, the ACCD and the RLV alone, with the aim of providing high-fidelity aerodynamic data for different angle of attacks. This paper is a part of H2020 FALCon project and continuation of the work by Singh, S. et al. (2021). [1] Singh, S.; Stappert, S.; Bussler, L.; Sippel, M.; Buckingham, S.; Kucukosman, C.: A Full-Scale Simulation and Analysis of Formation Flight during In-Air-Capturing, IAC-21-D2.5.2, 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC) Dubai, October 2021)
Liquid drops on a surface: using density functional theory to calculate the binding potential and drop profiles and comparing with results from mesoscopic modelling
Creators: name: Hughes, Adam P.
name: Thiele, Uwe
name: Archer, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution to the free energy for a film of liquid of thickness $h$ on a solid surface, due to the interactions between the solid-liquid and liquid-gas interfaces is given by the binding potential, $g(h)$. The precise form of $g(h)$ determines whether or not the liquid wets the surface. Note that differentiating $g(h)$ gives the Derjaguin or disjoining pressure. We develop a microscopic density functional theory (DFT) based method for calculating $g(h)$, allowing us to relate the form of $g(h)$ to the nature of the molecular interactions in the system. We present results based on using a simple lattice gas model, to demonstrate the procedure. In order to describe the static and dynamic behaviour of non-uniform liquid films and drops on surfaces, a mesoscopic free energy based on $g(h)$ is often used. We calculate such equilibrium film height profiles and also directly calculate using DFT the corresponding density profiles for liquid drops on surfaces. Comparing quantities such as the contact angle and also the shape of the drops, we find good agreement between the two methods. We also study in detail the effect on $g(h)$ of truncating the range of the dispersion forces, both those between the fluid molecules and those between the fluid and wall. We find that truncating can have a significant effect on $g(h)$ and the associated wetting behaviour of the fluid.
description: 16 pages, 13 figs
Prospective Analysis of Traffic Exposure as a Risk Factor for Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Kan, Haidong
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: London, Stephanie J.
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Lurmann, Fred
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundFor people living close to busy roads, traffic is a major source of air pollution. Few prospective data have been published on the effects of long-term exposure to traffic on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD).ObjectivesIn this article, we examined the association between long-term traffic exposure and incidence of fatal and nonfatal CHD in a population-based prospective cohort study.MethodsWe studied 13,309 middle-age men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, without previous CHD at enrollment, from 1987 to 1989 in four U.S. communities. Geographic information system–mapped traffic density and distance to major roads served as measures of traffic exposure. We examined the association between traffic exposure and incident CHD using proportional hazards regression models, with adjustment for background air pollution and a wide range of individual cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsOver an average of 13 years of follow-up, 976 subjects developed CHD. Relative to those in the lowest quartile of traffic density, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) in the highest quartile was 1.32 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.65; p-value for trend across quartiles = 0.042]. When we treated traffic density as a continuous variable, the adjusted HR per one unit increase of log-transformed density was 1.03 (95% CI, 1.01–1.05; p = 0.006). For residents living within 300 m of major roads compared with those living farther away, the adjusted HR was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.95–1.32; p = 0.189). We found little evidence of effect modification for sex, smoking status, obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, hypertension, age, or education.ConclusionHigher long-term exposure to traffic is associated with incidence of CHD, independent of other risk factors. These prospective data support an effect of traffic-related air pollution on the development of CHD in middle-age persons.
On regularity and the word problem for free idempotent generated semigroups
Creators: name: Dolinka, Igor
name: Gray, Robert D.
name: Ruškuc, Nik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M05 (Primary), 20F05, 20F10 (Secondary)

description: The category of all idempotent generated semigroups with a prescribed structure $\mathcal{E}$ of their idempotents $E$ (called the biordered set) has an initial object called the free idempotent generated semigroup over $\mathcal{E}$, defined by a presentation over alphabet $E$, and denoted by $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$. Recently, much effort has been put into investigating the structure of semigroups of the form $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$, especially regarding their maximal subgroups. In this paper we take these investigations in a new direction by considering the word problem for $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$. We prove two principal results, one positive and one negative. We show that, for a finite biordered set $\mathcal{E}$, it is decidable whether a given word $w \in E^*$ represents a regular element; if in addition one assumes that all maximal subgroups of $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ have decidable word problems, then the word problem in $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ restricted to regular words is decidable. On the other hand, we exhibit a biorder $\mathcal{E}$ arising from a finite idempotent semigroup $S$, such that the word problem for $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ is undecidable, even though all the maximal subgroups have decidable word problems. This is achieved by relating the word problem of $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ to the subgroup membership problem in finitely presented groups.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; to appear in the Proceedings of the LMS
Spectral analysis of BD+30$^{\circ}$623, the peculiar binary central star of the planetary nebula NGC 1514
Creators: name: Aller, A.
name: Montesinos, B.
name: Miranda, L. F.
name: Solano, E.
name: Ulla, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 1514 is a complex planetary nebula with a peculiar binary central star (BD+30$^{\circ}$623) consisting of a cool star and a hot companion. To date, the parameters of the two stars have not been firmly stablished. We present a detailed spectral analysis of BD+30$^{\circ}$623 based on intermediate-resolution CAFOS optical spectra and IUE ultraviolet spectra with the goal of deriving the parameters of the two stars. For this purpose, we used an extensive composite grid of Kurucz and Tübingen NLTE Model-Atmosphere spectra. From the fitting procedure, in terms of the minimum $χ^{2}$ method, the best models obtained correspond to an Horizontal-Branch A0 star with $T_{\rm eff}$ = 9850$\pm$150 K, log g = 3.50$\pm$0.25, and a hot companion with $T_{\rm eff}$ between 80000 K and 95000K and a log g $\simeq$ 5.5. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the parameters of both stars have been determined accurately through a detailed spectroscopic analysis.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Speciation of Arsenic in Exfoliated Urinary Bladder Epithelial Cells from Individuals Exposed to Arsenic in Drinking Water
Creators: name: Dĕdina, Jir̆í
name: Hernández-Zavala, Araceli
name: Drobná, Zuzana
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Valenzuela, Olga L.
name: Matous̆ek, Tomás̆
name: García-Vargas, Gonzalo G.
name: Del Razo, Luz M.
name: Thomas, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundThe concentration of arsenic in urine has been used as a marker of exposure to inorganic As (iAs). Relative proportions of urinary metabolites of iAs have been identified as potential biomarkers of susceptibility to iAs toxicity. However, the adverse effects of iAs exposure are ultimately determined by the concentrations of iAs metabolites in target tissues.ObjectiveIn this study we examined the feasibility of analyzing As species in cells that originate in the urinary bladder, a target organ for As-induced cancer in humans.MethodsExfoliated bladder epithelial cells (BECs) were collected from urine of 21 residents of Zimapan, Mexico, who were exposed to iAs in drinking water. We determined concentrations of iAs, methyl-As (MAs), and dimethyl-As (DMAs) in urine using conventional hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-CT-AAS). We used an optimized HG-CT-AAS technique with detection limits of 12–17 pg As for analysis of As species in BECs.ResultsAll urine samples and 20 of 21 BEC samples contained detectable concentrations of iAs, MAs, and DMAs. Sums of concentrations of these As species in BECs ranged from 0.18 to 11.4 ng As/mg protein and in urine from 4.8 to 1,947 ng As/mL. We found no correlations between the concentrations or ratios of As species in BECs and in urine.ConclusionThese results suggest that urinary levels of iAs metabolites do not necessarily reflect levels of these metabolites in the bladder epithelium. Thus, analysis of As species in BECs may provide a more effective tool for risk assessment of bladder cancer and other urothelial diseases associated with exposures to iAs.
title: Prof. Dr. phil. et med. h.c. Carl Dorno (1865-1942)
title: Überreicht vom Schweizerischen Forschungsinstitut für Hochgebirgsklima und Tuberkulose in Davos; Von Dr. W. Mörikofer, Vorsteher des Physikalisch-Meteorologischen Observatoriums Davos, Davos-Platz, Dezember 1942
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mörikofer, Walter
Publisher: name: Schweizerisches Forschungsinstitut für Hochgebirgsklima und Tuberkulose
Year: 1942
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Dorno, Carl W.
subject: Mörikofer, Walter
subject: Nachruf

description: Enthält Verzeichnis der Publikationen von Carl Dorno und ein Verzeichnis der Nachrufe über ihn.
Temporal Variation in the Association between Benzene and Leukemia Mortality
Creators: name: Richardson, David B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundBenzene is a human carcinogen. Exposure to benzene occurs in occupational and environmental settings.ObjectiveI evaluated variation in benzene-related leukemia with age at exposure and time since exposure.MethodsI evaluated data from a cohort of 1,845 rubber hydrochloride workers. Benzene exposure–leukemia mortality trends were estimated by applying proportional hazards regression methods. Temporal variation in the impact of benzene on leukemia rates was assessed via exposure time windows and fitting of a multistage cancer model.ResultsThe association between leukemia mortality and benzene exposures was of greatest magnitude in the 10 years immediately after exposure [relative rate (RR) at 10 ppm-years = 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10–1.29]; the association was of smaller magnitude in the period 10 to < 20 years after exposure (RR at 10 ppm-years = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.97–1.13); and there was no evidence of association ≥ 20 years after exposure. Leukemia was more strongly associated with benzene exposures accrued at ≥ 45 years of age (RR at 10 ppm-years = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04–1.17) than with exposures accrued at younger ages (RR at 10 ppm-years = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.92–1.09). Jointly, these temporal effects can be efficiently modeled as a multistage process in which benzene exposure affects the penultimate stage in disease induction.ConclusionsFurther attention should be given to evaluating the susceptibility of older workers to benzene-induced leukemia.
The Use of Cell Viability Assay Data Improves the Prediction Accuracy of Conventional Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Models of Animal Carcinogenicity
Creators: name: Zhu, Hao
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Richard, Ann
name: Rusyn, Ivan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundTo develop efficient approaches for rapid evaluation of chemical toxicity and human health risk of environmental compounds, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in collaboration with the National Center for Chemical Genomics has initiated a project on high-throughput screening (HTS) of environmental chemicals. The first HTS results for a set of 1,408 compounds tested for their effects on cell viability in six different cell lines have recently become available via PubChem.ObjectivesWe have explored these data in terms of their utility for predicting adverse health effects of the environmental agents.Methods and resultsInitially, the classification k nearest neighbor (kNN) quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) modeling method was applied to the HTS data only, for a curated data set of 384 compounds. The resulting models had prediction accuracies for training, test (containing 275 compounds together), and external validation (109 compounds) sets as high as 89%, 71%, and 74%, respectively. We then asked if HTS results could be of value in predicting rodent carcinogenicity. We identified 383 compounds for which data were available from both the Berkeley Carcinogenic Potency Database and NTP–HTS studies. We found that compounds classified by HTS as “actives” in at least one cell line were likely to be rodent carcinogens (sensitivity 77%); however, HTS “inactives” were far less informative (specificity 46%). Using chemical descriptors only, kNN QSAR modeling resulted in 62.3% prediction accuracy for rodent carcinogenicity applied to this data set. Importantly, the prediction accuracy of the model was significantly improved (72.7%) when chemical descriptors were augmented by HTS data, which were regarded as biological descriptors.ConclusionsOur studies suggest that combining NTP–HTS profiles with conventional chemical descriptors could considerably improve the predictive power of computational approaches in toxicology.
A Novel Two-Step Hierarchical Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Modeling Work Flow for Predicting Acute Toxicity of Chemicals in Rodents
Creators: name: Zhu, Hao
name: Ye, Lin
name: Wright, Fred A.
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Golbraikh, Alexander
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Richard, Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundAccurate prediction of in vivo toxicity from in vitro testing is a challenging problem. Large public–private consortia have been formed with the goal of improving chemical safety assessment by the means of high-throughput screening.ObjectiveA wealth of available biological data requires new computational approaches to link chemical structure, in vitro data, and potential adverse health effects.Methods and resultsA database containing experimental cytotoxicity values for in vitro half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and in vivo rodent median lethal dose (LD50) for more than 300 chemicals was compiled by Zentralstelle zur Erfassung und Bewertung von Ersatz- und Ergaenzungsmethoden zum Tierversuch (ZEBET; National Center for Documentation and Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments). The application of conventional quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) modeling approaches to predict mouse or rat acute LD50 values from chemical descriptors of ZEBET compounds yielded no statistically significant models. The analysis of these data showed no significant correlation between IC50 and LD50. However, a linear IC50 versus LD50 correlation could be established for a fraction of compounds. To capitalize on this observation, we developed a novel two-step modeling approach as follows. First, all chemicals are partitioned into two groups based on the relationship between IC50 and LD50 values: One group comprises compounds with linear IC50 versus LD50 relationships, and another group comprises the remaining compounds. Second, we built conventional binary classification QSAR models to predict the group affiliation based on chemical descriptors only. Third, we developed k-nearest neighbor continuous QSAR models for each subclass to predict LD50 values from chemical descriptors. All models were extensively validated using special protocols.ConclusionsThe novelty of this modeling approach is that it uses the relationships between in vivo and in vitro data only to inform the initial construction of the hierarchical two-step QSAR models. Models resulting from this approach employ chemical descriptors only for external prediction of acute rodent toxicity.
A periodic Energy Decomposition Analysis (pEDA) method for the Investigation of Chemical Bonding in Extended Systems
Creators: name: Raupach, Marc
name: Tonner, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development and first applications of a new periodic energy decomposition analysis (pEDA) scheme for extended systems based on the Kohn-Sham approach to density functional theory are described. The pEDA decomposes the binding energy between two fragments (e.g. the adsorption energy of a molecule on a surface) into several well-defined terms: preparation, electrostatic and dispersion interaction, Pauli repulsion and orbital relaxation energies. The pEDA presented here for an AO-based implementation can handle restricted and unrestricted fragments for 0D to 3D systems considering periodic boundary conditions with and without the determination of fragment occupations. For the latter case, reciprocal space sampling is enabled. The new method gives comparable results to established schemes for molecular systems and shows good convergence with respect to the basis set (TZ2P), the integration accuracy and k-space sampling. Four typical bonding scenarios for surface adsorbate complexes were chosen to highlight the performance of the method representing insulating (CO on MgO(001)), metallic (H$_2$ on M(001), M = Pd, Cu) and semiconducting (CO and C$_2$H$_2$ on Si(001)c(4x2)) substrates. These examples cover the regimes of metallic, semiconducting and insulating substrates as well as bonding scenarios ranging from weakly interacting to covalent (shared electron and donor acceptor) bonding. The results presented lend confidence, that the pEDA will be a powerful tool for the analysis of surface-adsorbate binding in the future, enabling the transfer of concepts like ionic and covalent binding, donor-acceptor interaction, steric repulsion and others to extended systems.
Sampling quantum nonlocal correlations with high probability
Creators: name: González-Guillén, Carlos E.
name: Jiménez, C. Hugo
name: Palazuelos, Carlos
name: Villanueva, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that quantum correlations for bipartite dichotomic measurements are those of the form $γ=(\langle u_i,v_j\rangle)_{i,j=1}^n$, where the vectors $u_i$ and $v_j$ are in the unit ball of a real Hilbert space. In this work we study the probability of the nonlocal nature of these correlations as a function of $α=\frac{m}{n}$, where the previous vectors are sampled according to the Haar measure in the unit sphere of $\mathbb R^m$. In particular, we prove the existence of an $α_0>0$ such that if $α\leq α_0$, $γ$ is nonlocal with probability tending to $1$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$, while for $α> 2$, $γ$ is local with probability tending to $1$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$.
description: v2: minor modifications to match the journal version, 16 pages, 0 figures
A Preliminary Microscopical Examination of Common Fire Debris and Combustion Products
Creators: name: Armstrong, RoseMarina
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Fire-related deaths and explosive events are both large concerns in the United States (Almirall & Furton, 2004). Common low explosives and flammable materials that are often found around the home, such as smokeless powders and match heads, are often used in improvised explosive devises (IED), a common choice for explosions (Chang, Yew, & Abdullah, 2014). There are a number of methods for analyzing fire and explosion debris, but many of them are time consuming and/or require expensive instruments. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) is a relatively easy, quick, and inexpensive method for identifying a wide range of particles and fibers. Despite this, with the exception of one small entry in The Particle Atlas, PLM has not been applied to fire debris and the identification of combustion products until now (McCrone, Brown, & Stewart, 1980). PLM can be used to identify the general fuel from the combustion products, such as wood vs. drywall vs. paper products, though it cannot determine the exact fuel, such as pine vs. oak. Char seems to be the most useful combustion product for this determination.
Claude Robert - Sarot Louis, Uma pedra no sapato. Editora Livraria Apostolado da Imprensa. 1 vol de 177 ps. 185x125. Porto 1967
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandrino Fernandes Dos
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1968

description: Theologica, v. 3 n. 3 (1968)
Creating Synergistic Scaffolding with Technology: How Teachers Use Discourse to Integrate Tools of Tech
Creators: name: Snow, Melanie J
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Much of the research examining teacher discourse in learning environments has given little focus to teacher discourse while using educational technology such as simulations (Erduran, 2019; Tabak & Kyza, 2018). Research has shown how discourse often contributes to the developmental aspects of the learning environment such as argumentation or autonomy (Berland et al, 2009; Chin, 2007; Erduran, 2019; Rasmussen et al, 2008). Few, however, have focused on understanding how teacher discourse is used to create a synergistically scaffolded environment where tools of the classroom function to augment one another. As Lidar (2006) states, teaching is a discursive act where teachers draw attention to certain phenomena and that in doing so teachers can guide students toward what to pay attention to building a practical epistemology that attends to scientific discourse. Teachers often incorporate technological tools to supplement curriculum rather than replace what is already being done in classroom. Understanding how teachers use discourse and technology together, specifically simulations, to create scaffolded learning environments is an area with an opportunity for more research (Tabak & Kyza, 2018). The purpose of this study is to contribute to the understanding of how teachers use discourse to create the type of synergistic scaffolding that Tabak & Kyza (2018) describe that connects tool of the learning environment, like discussion and technology, such that they become integrated supports for students reasoning with concepts of chemistry. Using Van Dijk (1982) as a discourse analysis guide, I demonstrate using inquiry-oriented and epistemological discourse moves analysis, how teachers create moments that connect the tools of the classroom. I also demonstrate how teacher discourse plays a role in the learning environment that positions discussion and simulations as partners, augmenting one another to support student reasoning around chemical concepts.
Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Myocardial Ischemia in the Environmental Epidemiology of Arrhythmogenesis in the Women’s Health Initiative (EEAWHI) Study
Creators: name: Prineas, Ronald J.
name: Quibrera, P. Miguel
name: Liao, Duanping
name: Anderson, Garnet L.
name: Smith, Richard L.
name: Zhang, Zhu-ming
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundAmbient particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with coronary heart disease, but the pathways underlying the association remain to be elucidated.MethodsWe studied the association between PM and ischemia among 57,908 Women’s Health Initiative clinical trial participants from 1999–2003. We used the Minnesota Code criteria to identify ST-segment and T-wave abnormalities, and estimated T amplitude (microvolt) from resting, standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). We used U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s monitor data to estimate concentrations of PM < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) at geocoded participant addresses over 6 days before the ECGs (lag0 through lag5). We excluded 2,379 women with ECG QRS duration ≥ 120 msec.ResultsOverall, 6% of the remaining 55,529 women (52–90 years of age; 83% non-Hispanic white) had ST abnormalities and 16% had T abnormalities. Lead-specific T amplitude was normally distributed (range of means from −14 to 349 μV). PM2.5 (mean ± SD) averaged over lag0–2 was 14 ± 7 μg/m3. In logistic and linear regression models adjusted for demographic, clinical, temporal, and climatic factors, a 10-μg/m3 increase in lag0–2 PM2.5 was associated with a 4% [95% confidence interval (CI), −3%, to 10%] increase in the odds of ST abnormality and a 5% (95% CI, 0% to 9%) increase in the odds of T abnormality. We observed corresponding decreases in T amplitude in all exam sites and leads except lead V1, reaching a minimum of −2 μV (95% CI, −5 to 0 μV) in lead V3.ConclusionsShort-term PM2.5 exposure is associated with ECG evidence of myocardial ischemia among postmenopausal women. The principal manifestations include subclinical but potentially arrhythmogenic ST–T abnormalities and decreases in T amplitude.
Vários, Situação e opinião dos Universitários. Inquérito promovido pelas DD GG da JUC e JUCF. Vol. de X+457 ps.; 158x253, com um prefácio de E. Sedas Nunes. Lisboa 1967
Creators: name: Coelho, Lucíolo
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1968

description: Theologica, v. 3 n. 3 (1968)
Bharatohydracarus imamurai
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Hungarohydracaridae
Bharatohydracarus
Bharatohydracarus imamurai

description: Bharatohydracarus i mamurai Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974); Pešić & Ranga Reddy (2009).
Habitat: Hyporheic interstitial.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
New approach for Weibull parameters boundary definition with unknown suspension items
Creators: name:  J.A. SANCHEZ LANTARON
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: SYSTEM INTEGRATION
SYSTEM APPROACH

description: Weibull Statistical analysis is one of the most widely used methods to predict the reliability characteristics and trend of a population, being capable of providing reasonably accurate failure analysis and failure forecast using a relatively small sample size of test data. Despite it is always preferred to have a complete set of samples (i.e. without suspensions), in the real life of the industry evaluations the suspensions are very common, leading to situations that, for those cases in which the failure modes under analysis may be present in only a sub-set of the population, the life of the population of unfailed units are unknown. For those cases in which the failure modes under analysis may be present in only a sub-set of the population, the lives of the population of unfailed units may be unknown. For this situation, a new approach to analyze these particular problems is proposed through this presentation to bound the effect of the suspended items, comparing the output results with the traditional Weibull Analysis (Weibull without suspension and Dauser Shift Methodologies). This methodology will be explained using a representative industry practical case, which will review the following topics: Description of the in-service occurrence Failure Mode analysis and risk evaluation Overview of the proposed new approach for the definition of the Weibull parameters boundary Studies performed Results analysis Results presented along this study will allow to understand the analysis to be performed in order to assess the influence of the suspended items in the values of the Weibull parameters, being possible to assess the most critical scenarios and thus bounding the repercussions of the failure modes under analysis. As a summary, this presentation represents an excellent opportunity to share the experience acquired during the analysis carried out to solve a real in-service situation faced in an in-service Aircraft fleet, which, through the development of a new methodology, and upper bound were defined to limit the effect of the uncertainties linked to not know suspended items over the Weibull parameters, and thus to bound the risk over the in-service fleet.
Associations between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon–Related Exposures and p53 Mutations in Breast Tumors
Creators: name: Steck, Susan E.
name: Mordukhovich, Irina
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Memeo, Lorenzo
name: Conway-Dorsey, Kathleen
name: Mansukhani, Mahesh
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Long, Chang-Min
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Sagiv, Sharon K.
name: Santella, Regina
name: Agrawal, Meenakshi
name: Gaudet, Mia M.
name: Garbowski, Gail
name: Zhang, Yu-Jing
name: Hibshoosh, Hanina
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Rossner, Pavel
name: Eng, Sybil M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be associated with breast cancer. However, the carcinogenicity of PAHs on the human breast remains unclear. Certain carcinogens may be associated with specific mutation patterns in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, thereby contributing information about disease etiology.ObjectivesWe hypothesized that associations of PAH-related exposures with breast cancer would differ according to tumor p53 mutation status, effect, type, and number.MethodsWe examined this possibility in a population-based case–control study using polytomous logistic regression. As previously reported, 151 p53 mutations among 859 tumors were identified using Surveyor nuclease and confirmed by sequencing.ResultsWe found that participants with p53 mutations were less likely to be exposed to PAHs (assessed by smoking status in 859 cases and 1,556 controls, grilled/smoked meat intake in 822 cases and 1,475 controls, and PAH–DNA adducts in peripheral mononuclear cells in 487 cases and 941 controls) than participants without p53 mutations. For example, active and passive smoking was associated with p53 mutation–negative [odds ratio (OR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–2.15] but not p53 mutation–positive (OR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.43–1.38) cancer (ratio of the ORs = 0.50, p < 0.05). However, frameshift mutations, mutation number, G:C→A:T transitions at CpG sites, and insertions/deletions were consistently elevated among exposed subjects.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that PAHs may be associated with specific breast tumor p53 mutation subgroups rather than with overall p53 mutations and may also be related to breast cancer through mechanisms other than p53 mutation.
Systematisches Review: Use of Virtual Reality for Inclusion Fokus: geistige Behinderung – körperliche Behinderung – Autismus
Creators: name: Gimpel, Gerd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sonderepädagogik
Masterarbeit
Virtual Reality for Inclusion
geistige Behinderung
Autismus
körperliche Behinderung

description: Der Begriff "Virtuelle Realität" beschreibt Technologien, die es Nutzenden erlauben, sich in digital erzeugten Räumen zu bewegen und damit zu interagieren. Die Verwendung an Förderschulen wird seit den 90er Jahren in Betracht gezogen. Schwerpunkte der heilpädagogischen Forschung finden sich seither besonders im Bereich Autismus und Körper- und Geistigbehindertenpädagogik. Diese systematische Review fasst die Forschungsergebnisse und Metadaten von 23 Veröffentlichungen aus der ERIC Datenbank im Zeitraum zwischen 2010-2021 zusammen und wertet sie aus. Die Analyse kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Verwendung von unterschiedlichen VR-Varianten (Desktop-VR, CAVE und HMD) bei Personen mit Behinderung benutzerfreundlich die Motivation steigert. Es konnte ausserdem belegt werden, dass virtuell erlernte Inhalte von den Lernenden in einer realen Umgebung umgesetzt werden konnten.
Black Carbon Exposure, Oxidative Stress Genes, and Blood Pressure in a Repeated Measures Study
Creators: name: Wright, Robert
name: Schwartz, Joel
name: Sparrow, David
name: Suh MacIntosh, Helen
name: Mordukhovich, Irina
name: Vokonas, Pantel
name: Wilker, Elissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundParticulate matter (PM) air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and elevated blood pressure (BP) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A small number of studies have investigated the relationship between PM and BP and found mixed results. Evidence suggests that traffic-related air pollution contributes significantly to PM-related cardiovascular effects.ObjectivesWe hypothesized that black carbon (BC), a traffic-related combustion by-product, would be more strongly associated with BP than would fine PM [aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)], a heterogeneous PM mixture, and that these effects would be larger among participants with genetic variants associated with impaired antioxidative defense.MethodsWe performed a repeated-measures analysis in elderly men to analyze associations between PM2.5 and BC exposure and BP using mixed-effects models with random intercepts, adjusting for potential confounders. We also examined statistical interaction between BC and genetic variants related to oxidative stress defense: GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, NQO1, catalase, and HMOX-1.ResultsA 1-SD increase in BC concentration was associated with a 1.5-mmHg increase in systolic BP [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1–2.8] and a 0.9-mmHg increase in diastolic BP (95% CI, 0.2–1.6). We observed no evidence of statistical interaction between BC and any of the genetic variants examined and found no association between PM2.5 and BP.ConclusionsWe observed positive associations between BP and BC, but not between BP and PM2.5, and found no evidence of effect modification of the association between BC and BP by gene variants related to antioxidative defense.
BME Estimation of Residential Exposure to Ambient PM10 and Ozone at Multiple Time Scales
Creators: name: Jerrett, Michael
name: Yu, Hwa-Lung
name: Chen, Jiu-Chiuan
name: Christakos, George
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundLong-term human exposure to ambient pollutants can be an important contributing or etiologic factor of many chronic diseases. Spatiotemporal estimation (mapping) of long-term exposure at residential areas based on field observations recorded in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality System often suffer from missing data issues due to the scarce monitoring network across space and the inconsistent recording periods at different monitors.ObjectiveWe developed and compared two upscaling methods: UM1 (data aggregation followed by exposure estimation) and UM2 (exposure estimation followed by data aggregation) for the long-term PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm) and ozone exposure estimations and applied them in multiple time scales to estimate PM and ozone exposures for the residential areas of the Health Effects of Air Pollution on Lupus (HEAPL) study.MethodWe used Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) analysis for the two upscaling methods. We performed spatiotemporal cross-validations at multiple time scales by UM1 and UM2 to assess the estimation accuracy across space and time.ResultsCompared with the kriging method, the integration of soft information by the BME method can effectively increase the estimation accuracy for both pollutants. The spatiotemporal distributions of estimation errors from UM1 and UM2 were similar. The cross-validation results indicated that UM2 is generally better than UM1 in exposure estimations at multiple time scales in terms of predictive accuracy and lack of bias. For yearly PM10 estimations, both approaches have comparable performance, but the implementation of UM1 is associated with much lower computation burden.ConclusionBME-based upscaling methods UM1 and UM2 can assimilate core and site-specific knowledge bases of different formats for long-term exposure estimation. This study shows that UM1 can perform reasonably well when the aggregation process does not alter the spatiotemporal structure of the original data set; otherwise, UM2 is preferable.
Single and double spin asymmetries for deeply virtual Compton scattering measured with CLAS and a longitudinally polarized proton target
Creators: name: Pisano, S.
name: Biselli, A.
name: Niccolai, S.
name: Seder, E.
name: Guidal, M.
name: Mirazita, M.
name: Collaboration, the CLAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-beam, single-target, and double-spin asymmetries for hard exclusive photon production on the proton $\vec{e}\vec{p} \to e' p'γ$ are presented. The data were taken at Jefferson Lab using the CLAS detector and a longitudinally polarized ${}^{14}$NH$_3$ target. The three asymmetries were measured in 165 4-dimensional kinematic bins, covering the widest kinematic range ever explored simultaneously for beam and target-polarization observables in the valence quark region. The kinematic dependences of the obtained asymmetries are discussed and compared to the predictions of models of Generalized Parton Distributions. The measurement of three DVCS spin observables at the same kinematic points allows a quasi-model-independent extraction of the imaginary parts of the $H$ and $\tilde{H}$ Compton Form Factors, which give insight into the electric and axial charge distributions of valence quarks in the proton.
description: 28 pages, 25 figures
Towards a Context-Aware Intelligent Assistant for Multimodal Exploratory Visualization Dialogue
Creators: name: Kumar, Abhinav
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Visualization is a core component of exploring data, providing a guided search through the data to gain meaningful insight and verify hypotheses. However it is also cognitively demanding to construct visualizations particularly for users that are novice to visualization. Such users tend to struggle translating hypotheses and relevant questions into data attributes, only select familiar plot types such as bar, line, and pie charts, and can misinterpret visualizations once they are created. Although visualization tools can alleviate these problems by performing some of the decision making for constructing the visualization, the software interface for these tools requires a steep learning curve. Rooted on the commercial success of natural language processing in technologies such as iPhone, Android, and Alexa, there has been an increased focus on building natural language interfaces to assist the user in data exploration. The broader goal of our research is towards developing a natural language interface implemented using dialogue system architecture capable of conversing with humans through language and hand pointing gestures. In this thesis, we highlight our approach to modeling the dialogue. In particular, we built a multi-modal dialogue corpus for exploring data visualizations, capturing user speech and hand gestures during the conversation. As part of this work we also developed the natural language interface capable of processing speech and gesture using multimodal interfaces. Evaluation of our visualization system shows it is effective in interpreting speech and pointing gestures as well as generating appropriate visualizations with real subjects in a live environment. We also focused on advanced models for language processing. We modeled user intent by informing our language interpretation module of the nearby utterances with respect to the current request to give it context for the interpretation. We also addressed the small size of our corpus by developing a paraphrasing approach to augment its size, leading to improvement in predicting the user intent. Since the user can switch between request and thinking aloud we also modeled the ability to differentiate between them and used that to segment incoming utterances into the request and surrounding think aloud. Finally, we developed an approach to recognize visualization-referring language and pointing gestures and resolve them to the appropriate target visualization on the screen, as well as create new visualizations using the referred-to visualization as a template. We performed intrinsic evaluation of these individual models as well as an incremental evaluation of the end-to-end system, indicating effectiveness in predicting user intent as well as recognizing and resolving visualization-referring language and pointing gestures.
Euclidean distance between Haar orthogonal and gaussian matrices
Creators: name: González-Guillén, Carlos E.
name: Palazuelos, Carlos
name: Villanueva, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we study a version of the general question of how well a Haar distributed orthogonal matrix can be approximated by a random gaussian matrix. Here, we consider a gaussian random matrix $Y_n$ of order $n$ and apply to it the Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization procedure by columns to obtain a Haar distributed orthogonal matrix $U_n$. If $F_i^m$ denotes the vector formed by the first $m$-coordinates of the $i$th row of $Y_n-\sqrt{n}U_n$ and $α=\frac{m}{n}$, our main result shows that the euclidean norm of $F_i^m$ converges exponentially fast to $\sqrt{ \left(2-\frac{4}{3} \frac{(1-(1 -α)^{3/2})}α\right)m}$, up to negligible terms. To show the extent of this result, we use it to study the convergence of the supremum norm $ε_n(m)=\sup_{1\leq i \leq n, 1\leq j \leq m} |y_{i,j}- \sqrt{n}u_{i,j}|$ and we find a coupling that improves by a factor $\sqrt{2}$ the recently proved best known upper bound of $ε_n(m)$. Applications of our results to Quantum Information Theory are also explained.
description: v2: minor modifications to match journal version, 26 pages, 0 figures, J Theor Probab (2016)