Additional file 1 of Spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery via photothermally driven conformational change of self-integrated plasmonic hybrid nanogels
Creators: name: Lee, Seungki
name: Kim, Subeen
name: Kim, Doyun
name: You, Jieun
name: Kim, Ji Soo
name: Kim, Hakchun
name: Park, Jungwon
name: Song, Jihwan
name: Choi, Inhee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. Calculation of the photothermal conversion efficiency. Table S1. Name and the molecular weight of the used linker molecules and nomenclatures of the PHNs synthesized with the linker molecules. Fig S1. Optimization of photoinitiator concentration for obtaining homogenous size distribution of GNPs. Fig S2. Hydrodynamic diameter distribution of the M-PHNs according to the reaction time between 1 and 15 min. Fig S3. Hydrodynamic diameters of PNIPAM nanogels without GNPs according to the reaction time. Fig S4. Absorbance spectra of colloidal GNPs and M-PHNs. Insets display the colors of the colloidal solutions. Fig S5. Monitoring of the thermal stability of M-PHNs and PHNs during 10 cycles of the heating/cooling procedure. Fig S6. Narrow scans of the XPS spectra focused on the selected elements of C, N, O, and Au. Fig S7. TEM images of the PHNs with different linker molecules (i.e., MBA (M-PHN), tryptophan (T-PHN), sucrose (S-PHN), PEG-da (P-PHN), alginate (A-PHN), and gelatin (G-PHN)). Fig S8. Optical properties and colloidal stabilities of the PHNs synthesized with different linker molecules. Fig S9. Molecular weights of alginate, PNIPAM, PNIPAM-alg, and A-PHN measured by SLS analysis. Fig S10. Solubility tests using the lyophilized A-PHN with various concentrations in water. Fig S11. Confirmation of the alginate incorporation in the A-PHN via calcium ion-mediated gelation method by adding 100 mM CaCl2. Fig S12. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of A-PHN from Fig. 2g. Fig S13. Schematic image of the GNP structures used in the computation at different diameters of PHN. Fig S14. Linear relationship of -ln(θ) versus time obtained from the cooling period of the thermal curve in Fig. 3g. Fig S15. Light-responsive heat generation of dehydrated PHNs under light illumination. Fig S16. Monitoring of the solution temperature under a commercial LED. Fig S17. In situ Raman spectra of A-PHN gels under 785 nm laser illumination. Fig S18. Temperature-dependent 1H-NMR study of A-PHN dispersed in D2O. Fig S19. Standard curve of doxorubicin by absorbance at 480 nm. Fig S20. Drug release kinetics by different power densities of the LED. Fig S21. Monitoring the mean diameters of A-PHN by changing the buffer pH conditions. Fig S22. Monitoring the Raman spectra of released dox under temporally controlled light modulation. Fig S23. Colloidal stability of A-PHNs under different biological media. Fig S24. Biocompatibility tests using MTT assay to A375P. Fig S25. Images of Pearson’s colocalization coefficient (k) plots for dox versus Hoechst from Fig. 5e (i). Fig S26. Cellular internalization of A-PHNs into A375P cell. Fig S27. Computational simulation results of heat generation from vesicles including A-PHN. Fig S28. Observation of the damage to the cytoskeleton by A-PHNs under exposure to 532 nm laser at 3.5 W/cm2. Fig S29. Confocal fluorescent images of endocytic vesicles before and after laser illumination. Fig S30. Observation of nuclear fragments in A375P cells after treatment with ptx, A-PHN, and ptx@A-PHN (with light exposure), respectively.