cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolution of spin freezing transition and structural, magnetic phase diagram of Dy$_{2-x}$La$_x$Zr$_2$O$_7$; $x$ = 0-2.0
Creators: name: Sheetal
name: Yadav, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dy$_{2}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ a disordered pyrochlore system, exhibits the spin ice freezing under the application of magnetic field. Our studies suggest the stabilization of pyrochlore phase in Dy$_{2-x}$La$_{x}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ with the substitution of nonmagnetic La, along with the biphasic mixture for the intermediate compositions. We observed that the higher La compositions (1.5 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 1.9), show spin freezing (T $\sim$ 17 K) similar to the field induced spin ice freezing for low La compositions (0 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 0.5), and the well known spin ice systems Dy$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$. The low temperature magnetic state for higher La compositions (1.5 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 1.9) culminates into spin glass state below 6 K. The Cole-Cole plot and Casimir-du Pr$\acute{e}$ fit shows narrow distribution of spin relaxation time in these compounds.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Inhibition of lysine acetyltransferases impairs tumor angiogenesis acting on both endothelial and tumor cells
Creators: name: Martile, Marta Di
name: Gabellini, Chiara
name: Desideri, Marianna
name: Matraxia, Marta
name: Farini, Valentina
name: Valentini, Elisabetta
name: Carradori, Simone
name: Ercolani, Cristiana
name: Buglioni, Simonetta
name: Secci, Daniela
name: Andreazzoli, Massimiliano
name: Bufalo, Donatella Del
name: Trisciuoglio, Daniela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Theory of universal differential conductance of magnetic Weyl type -II junctions
Creators: name: Maiti, M.
name: Smotlacha, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of junctions of normal and superconducting Weyl semi-metal with tilted dispersion, in the presence of magnetization induced by magnetic strips. The sub gap tunnelling conductance shows robust signatures in the presence of different orientation and strength of magnetization of the magnetic strips. We obtain the analytical results for the normal-magnetic-superconducting junction in the thin barrier limit and demonstrate that these results have no analogues to their conventional counterparts and junctions with Dirac electrons in two-dimensions. We discuss possible experimental setups to test our theoretical predictions.
description: To be published in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
A DYNAMIC GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF U.S. BIOFUELS PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Birur, Dileep K.
name: Davis, Lauren M.
name: Ross, Martin T.
name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Birur, Dileep K.
name: Davis, Lauren M.
name: Ross, Martin T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ADAGE
subject: Biofuels
subject: Computable General Equilibrium
subject: Recursive Dynamic

description: With the rising global interest in energy security and climate change mitigation, biofuels have gained the prominent attention of researchers and policy makers. The U.S. has emerged as the leading producer of biofuels and is aiming for achieving a target of 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels by 2022 under its updated renewable fuels standard (RFS2) policy. In this paper, we study the longer-term global implications of large-scale renewable fuels production in the U.S. We utilize the GTAP v7.1 data base and introduce a detailed breakdown of agricultural crops, first and second generation biofuels and by-products. We update this fully disaggregated data base to reflect the 2010 global economy, based on secondary data for the sectors and regions included. We adapt the Applied Dynamic Analysis of Global Economy (ADAGE) model developed by Ross (2009) into a recursive dynamic framework and introduce agriculture, biofuels, and land use linkages. We construct a dynamic baseline from 2010 through 2050 in five-year time steps. The dynamics in the model comes from growth in GDP, population, capital accumulation, labor productivity, growth in natural resource stocks, and technological changes in the energy intensive and agricultural sectors. We implement a representative RFS2 policy scenario in the U.S for 2025, using two alternative approaches: (i) RFS permits approach – which assumes biofuels and petroleum fuels are perfect substitutes after adjusting for energy content, and (ii) Target share of biofuels in transportation fuels approach – which treats biofuels and petroleum fuels as imperfect substitutes. Both approaches offer insights regarding potential policy impacts, particularly on the international market and indirect land use change. Because the share approach keeps the biofuels share fixed in the regions outside the U.S., it does not result in dramatic changes in the rest of the world. In the permits approach, however, the regions without a specific policy requiring a given level of biofuels tend to reduce biofuels consumption. This is a result of the reduction in relative price of petroleum products as U.S. policy increases demand for biofuels and reduces global demand for petroleum, making renewable fuels less cost-competitive in the rest of the world.
Additional file 1 of Origins and characterization of variants shared between databases of somatic and germline human mutations
Creators: name: Meyerson, William
name: Leisman, John
name: Navarro, Fabio C. P.
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Figure 1. Association between the loading of each mutational signature and the shared variant rate across somatic tissues. Each panel represents a distinct mutational signature; 1–30 from [25]. Each point represents a different somatic tissue. The shared variant rate of somatic samples are plotted on the y-axis against the proportion of variants in that sample that can be attributed to the given signature. At the top of each panel is listed Pearson’s Rho for the association between the signature’s loading and the shared variant rate across samples. Signature 1 has the greatest in magnitude association with shared variant rates
Complete the Incompleteness of Land Reform: Household Level Evidence from West Bengal
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Yadav, Vandana
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Yadav, Vandana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Productivity Analysis

description: Land reforms were successfully implemented in the state of West Bengal through a special program undertaken in 1978 by the then state government. These reforms brought large amount of land under permanent and inheritable tenancy. We use a survey data of nearly 9000 plots from 2000 households in 142 villages in West Bengal to ascertain that both productivity and long-term investments on such land are significantly lower than the land under ownership. We also find evidence for lower levels of input usage on the tenancy plots as compared to those which are fully owned by the cultivator. Programs to allow land reform beneficiaries to acquire full ownership could thus have significant benefits
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/22/11.
Essays in empirical finance : from venture capital to the S&P 500
Creators: name: Finucane, Daniel Sean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Stocks often increase in value when they are added to the S&P 500 and lose value when they are dropped from the index. There are several hypotheses advanced for this effect. The information hypothesis is that when a firm is added this reveals positive information about the firm. This information effect would explain stock price movements associated with additions and deletions. I examine several stocks that were dropped from the S&P 500 purely because they were foreign stocks. Accordingly, there should be no negative implication regarding these stocks and the information effect should be absent. The foreign firms behave differently from the normal deletions in all time periods. Further evidence of the information effect is found when those firms which are transferred to another S&P index significantly outperform those which are deleted from S&P indices entirely. This study does, therefore, provide support for the information hypothesis. I next look at one of the recent theories of deviation from diversification in the allocation of assets - "familiarity". I look at the specific case of the decision by defined benefit trustees to allocate assets to venture capital. One might expect that the pension funds of companies in highly venture capital industries and near venture capital clusters would be more likely to invest in venture capital, despite the high correlation with human capital and real estate. I find that pension funds do not seem to base the decision on whether or not to invest in venture capital on familiarity, as measured by industry and geography. American corporations that sponsor pensions may have defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution (DC) plans, or both, and have been shifting toward DC plans over the past 25 years. We investigate the effect of cross-firm and time-series variation in the DC share of pension assets on corporate financial performance. Using several return measures, including return on assets, operating return on assets, and return on equity, we find that larger DC shares tend to give rise to higher returns. We interpret these results as arising in part from more efficient worker retirement and mobility decisions under DC plans.
Special geometry of local Calabi-Yau manifolds and superpotentials from holomorphic matrix models
Creators: name: Bilal, Adel
name: Metzger, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the (rigid) special geometry of a class of local Calabi-Yau manifolds given by hypersurfaces in C^4 as W'(x)^2+f_0(x)+v^2+w^2+z^2=0, that arise in the study of the large N duals of four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theories with adjoint field Φand superpotential W(Φ). The special geometry relations are deduced from the planar limit of the corresponding holomorphic matrix model. The set of cycles is split into a bulk sector, for which we obtain the standard rigid special geometry relations, and a set of relative cycles, that come from the non-compactness of the manifold, for which we find cut-off dependent corrections to the usual special geometry relations. The (cut-off independent) prepotential is identified with the (analytically continued) free energy of the holomorphic matrix model in the planar limit. On the way, we clarify various subtleties pertaining to the saddle point approximation of the holomorphic matrix model. A formula for the superpotential of IIB string theory with background fluxes on these local Calabi-Yau manifolds is proposed that is based on pairings similar to the ones of relative cohomology.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures
Models of coherent exciton condensation
Creators: name: Littlewood, P. B.
name: Eastham, P. R.
name: Keeling, J. M. J.
name: Marchetti, F. M.
name: Simons, B. D.
name: Szymanska, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: That excitons in solids might condense into a phase-coherent ground state was proposed about 40 years ago, and has been attracting experimental and theoretical attention ever since. Although experimental confirmation has been hard to come by, the concepts released by this phenomenon have been widely influential. This tutorial review discusses general aspects of the theory of exciton and polariton condensates, focussing on the reasons for coherence in the ground state wavefunction, the BCS to Bose crossover(s) for excitons and for polaritons, and the relationship of the coherent condensates to standard lasers.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures. Submitted for a special issue of J. Phys. Cond. Matt. associated with the EU network "Photon-mediated phenomena in semiconductor nanostructures"
Additional file 2 of Drought severity and all-cause mortality rates among adults in the United States: 1968–2014
Creators: name: Lynch, Katie M.
name: Lyles, Robert H.
name: Waller, Lance A.
name: Abadi, Azar M.
name: Bell, Jesse E.
name: Gribble, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix II. PROC NLMIXED Code
Niobium Dayem nano-bridge Josephson field-effect transistors
Creators: name: De Simoni, Giorgio
name: Puglia, Claudio
name: Giazotto, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first realization of Nb-based \textit{all-metallic} gated Dayem nano-bridge field-effect transistors (Nb-FETs). These Josephson devices operate up to a temperature of $\sim 3$ K, and exhibit full suppression of the supercurrent thanks to the application of a control gate voltage. The dependence of the kinetic inductance and of the transconductance on gate voltage promises a performance already on par with so far realized metallic Josephson transistors, and let to foresee the implementation of a superconducting digital logic based on Nb-FETs. We conclude by showing the practical realization of a scheme implementing an all-metallic gate-tunable \emph{half-wave} rectifier to be used either for superconducting electronics or for photon detection applications.
description: 5 pages, 4figures
Bank Failures In The Financial Crisis And Agricultural Banks
Creators: name: Nam, Sangjeong
name: Paulson, Nicholas D.
name: Ellinger, Paul N.
name: Nam, Sangjeong
name: Paulson, Nicholas D.
name: Ellinger, Paul N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Replaced with revised version of poster 6/30/11.
A New Projective Invariant Associated to the Special Parabolic Points of Surfaces and to Swallowtails
Creators: name: Uribe-Vargas, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A05, 53A20, 53C45, 53D10, 32S25

description: We show some generic (robust) properties of smooth surfaces immersed in the real 3-space (Euclidean, affine or projective), in the neighbourhood of a {\em godron} (term due to R.Thom): an isolated parabolic point at which the (unique) asymptotic direction is tangent to the parabolic curve. With the help of these properties and a projective invariant that we associate to each godron we classify the godrons and present all possible local configurations of the flecnodal curve at a generic swallowtail in $R^3$. We present some global results, for instance: {\em A closed parabolic curve bounding a hyperbolic disc has a positive even number of godrons, and the flecnodal curve lying in that disc has an odd number of transverse self-intersections.}.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, the results were discovered in 2004 and reported in some seminars and conferences. Preprint of Institut of Maths. of Polish Acad. of Sciences
Prevalence and spatial distribution of cattle herds infected with Theileria orientalis in New Zealand between 2012 and 2013
Creators: name: McFadden, AMJ
name: Gias, E
name: Heuer, C
name: McFadden, FJ Stevens
name: Pulford, DJ
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: AIM: To describe the prevalence and spatial distribution of cattle herds infected with Ikeda and non-Ikeda types of Theileria orientalis in New Zealand between November 2012 and June 2013. METHODS: Pooled serum samples collected historically between November 2012 and June 2013 were obtained from cattle herds throughout New Zealand. Each pooled sample consisted of approximately 20 individual cattle samples from that herd, and was provided with details of the spatial location of the herd (n=722). DNA from all samples was tested using two quantitative PCR assays for the detection of T. orientalis (all types) and the Ikeda type. The proportion of herds that were positive for T. orientalis and Ikeda type, or that were positive for T. orientalis but negative for Ikeda type (non-Ikeda positive) was determined for different regions of New Zealand. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of herds infected with Ikeda type was detected in the Northland (33/35; 94%) and Auckland and the Waikato (63/191; 33%) regions. Only 2/204 (1%) herds were positive for the Ikeda type in the South Island. A high percentage of herds that were positive for non-Ikeda types was detected in the Gisborne and Hawkes Bay (23 (95%CI=13–37)%), Auckland and Waikato (22 (95%CI=16–29)%) and Bay of Plenty (24 (95%CI=10–44)%) regions. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The high prevalence of Ikeda type detected in cattle herds in the Northland, Auckland and Waikato regions represents a risk to naive cattle being introduced into these regions. There is also the potential for resident cattle herds in the Gisborne and Hawkes Bay, Auckland, Waikato and Bay of Plenty regions to experience increased infection with the Ikeda type. The overall impact experienced by regions will depend on other factors such as the number of herds present and the predominant type of farming, as well as the interplay between tick ecology, cattle immunity and movement patterns of cattle.
Elimination of fast variables in stochastic nonlinear kinetics
Creators: name: Morgado, Gabriel
name: Nowakowski, Bogdan
name: Lemarchand, Annie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reduced chemical scheme involving a small number of variables is often sufficient to account for the deterministic evolution of the concentrations of the main species contributing to a reaction. However its predictions are questionable in small systems used for example in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) or in explosive systems involving strong nonlinearities such as autocatalytic steps. We make precise dynamical criteria defining the validity domain of the quasi-steady-state approximation and the elimination of a fast concentration in deterministic dynamics. Designing two different three-variable models converging toward the same two-variable model, we show that the variances and covariance of the fluctuations of the slow variables are not correctly predicted by the two-variable model, even in the limit of a large system size. The more striking weaknesses of the reduced scheme are figured out in mesoscaled systems containing a small number of molecules. The results of two stochastic approaches are compared and the shortcomings of the Langevin equations with respect to the master equation are pointed out. We conclude that the description of the fluctuations and their coupling with nonlinearities of deterministic dynamics escape reduced chemical schemes.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Optimal phase estimation for qubit mixed states
Creators: name: D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro
name: Macchiavello, Chiara
name: Perinotti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of optimal estimation of the relative phase for two-dimensional quantum systems in mixed states. In particular, we derive the optimal measurement procedures for an arbitrary number of qubits prepared in the same mixed state.
description: revised version accepted for publication
An assessment of the herd-level impact of the Theileria orientalis (Ikeda) epidemic of cattle in New Zealand, 2012–2013: a mixed methods approach
Creators: name: Vink, WD
name: Lawrence, K
name: McFadden, AMJ
name: Bingham, P
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: AIM: To estimate incidence risk, cumulative mortality and case fatality rate within herds affected by bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis infection (TABA), in New Zealand during the early phase of the epidemic (August 2012–September 2013). METHODS: A mixed methods approach was utilised to integrate data from various sources, including a detailed questionnaire carried out on 18 dairy farms which had experienced cases of TABA; a brief telephone survey of an additional 139 case farms; and data extracted from a Ministry for Primary Industries database for a further 42 case farms. The subsequent analysis determined incidence risk, cumulative mortality and case fatality rates for beef and dairy herds. RESULTS: Data were analysed from 196/263 (74%) known case farms at the date of closing the questionnaires. These farms contained 99,505 cattle; 2,847 animals were reported with clinical disease, and a further 590 animals were recorded as having died from TABA. The within-herd incidence risk, cumulative mortality and case fatality rate were consistent between the three data sources, did not differ between beef and dairy herds, and were estimated to be 0.97 (inter-quartile range (IQR) 0.36–2.07)%, 0.23 (IQR 0.00–0.66)% and 16.67 (IQR 0.00–33.33)%, respectively. There was substantial variability in the level of impact, with 22 farms severely affected (incidence risk >5% and cumulative mortality >5%). CONCLUSIONS: The mixed methods approach was effective in dealing with the disparate data sources. The inclusion of the majority of farms known to be affected at the time the questionnaires were performed implies that the information is likely to be representative. The collective outputs of the analyses represent the best estimate available of within-herd measures of disease frequency in the early phase of the epidemic in New Zealand. The limitations of the data imply that their primary application may be to inform the design of subsequent structured observational field studies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results of this study provide information on the impact of TABA on cattle farms during the emergence and early spread of the disease, as well as for generating hypotheses on causal mechanisms and risk factors that may influence the course of disease.
Strain Gradients in Epitaxial Ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Catalan, G.
name: Noheda, B.
name: McAneney, J.
name: Sinnamon, L.
name: Gregg, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray analysis of ferroelectric thin layers of Ba1/2Sr1/2TiO3 with different thickness reveals the presence of internal strain gradients across the film thickness and allows us to propose a functional form for the internal strain profile. We use this to calculate the direct influence of strain gradient, through flexoelectric coupling, on the degradation of the ferroelectric properties of thin films with decreasing thickness, in excellent agreement with the observed behaviour. This work highlights the link between strain relaxation and strain gradients in epitaxial films, and shows the pressing need to avoid strain gradients in order to obtain thin ferroelectrics with bulk-like properties.
description: 4 pages, 3 embedded figures (1 color), revTex4
Matterwave localization in disordered cold atom lattices
Creators: name: Gavish, U.
name: Castin, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to observe Anderson localization of ultracold atoms in the presence of a random potential made of atoms of another species and trapped at the nodes of an optical lattice, with a filling factor less than unity. Such systems enable a nearly perfect experimental control of the disorder, while the possibility of modelling the scattering potentials by a set of point-like ones allows an exact theoretical analysis. This is illustrated by a detailed analysis of the one-dimensional case.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Effects of supplementation of green tea extract on the milk performance of peripartal dairy cows and the expression of stress response genes in the liver
Creators: name: Gessner, Denise K.
name: Brock, Corinna
name: Hof, Lena M.
name: Most, Erika
name: Koch, Christian
name: Eder, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Characteristics of gene-specific primers used for qPCR analysis in liver.
Determinants of the Adaption of Organic Agriculture in Egypt Using a Duration Analysis Technique
Creators: name: Radwan, Amr
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Diab, Yaser A.A.
name: Abo-Nahoul, Mohamed A.
name: Radwan, Amr
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Diab, Yaser A.A.
name: Abo-Nahoul, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: organic agriculture
subject: duration analysis
subject: Egypt

description: A very important pillar of the modernization of the Egyptian agriculture depends upon the exportation of the high value added products such as organic products. In spite of the importance of the organic agriculture within the Egyptian agriculture sector and up to our knowledge, it does not exist in Egypt until now any study that try to determine and analyze the determinant factors of the adaption of the organic agriculture within the Egyptian farms. In this study, we focus on this issue. A survey with a representative sample of organic and non-organic farms in Upper Egypt area was carried out. Using obtained data set we apply duration analysis techniques to assess the effect of different explanatory variables on both the adoption of organic agriculture farming and the timing of this adoption. Our results suggest that the maximum hazard of adopting organic agriculture takes place during the first few years after the construction of the farm and Manager characteristics such as his education level and Risk behaviour together with the farm size seem to be the most significant factors affecting the likelihood of organic agriculture adoption in Egypt.. These results could be helpful in designing the suitable policies and strategies to support the extension of organic agriculture within Egypt.
Thermal Accelerated Aging Methods for Magnet Wire: A Review
Creators: name: Korcak, Lukas L.
name: Kavanagh, Darren F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper focuses on accelerated aging methods for magnet wire. Reliability of electrical devices such as coils, motors, relays, solenoids and transformers is heavily dependent on the Electrical Insulation System (EIS). Accelerated aging methods are used to rapidly simulate the conditions in real life, which is typically years (20,000 hours) depending on the operating conditions. The purpose of accelerated aging is to bring lifetime of an EIS to hours, days or weeks. Shortening the lifetime of an EIS to such an extent, allows for the study of the insulation materials behavior as well as investigate ways to estimate the remaining useful life (RUL) for the purpose of predictive maintenance. Unexpected failures in operation processes, where redundancy is not present, can lead to high economical losses, machine downtime and often health and safety risks. Conditions, under which thermal aging methods are generally reported in the literature, typically neglect other factors, owing to the sheer complexity and interdependence of the multifaceted aging phenomena. This paper examines some existing thermal aging tests, which are currently used to obtain data for enamel degradation in order to try to better understand of how the thermal stresses degrade the EIS. Separation of these stresses, which the EIS operate under, can yield a better understanding of how each of the Thermal, the Electrical, the Ambient and the Mechanical (TEAM) stresses behave.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures
Coupled ion - nanomechanical systems
Creators: name: Tian, L.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study ions in a nanotrap, where the electrodes are nanomechanical resonantors. The ions play the role of a quantum optical system which acts as a probe and control, and allows entanglement with or between nanomechanical resonators.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted for publication
Climate change and adaptation of small-scale cattle and sheep farmers
Creators: name: Mandleni, B.
name: Anim, F.D.K.
name: Mandleni, B.
name: Anim, F.D.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Climate change
subject: small-scale cattle and sheep farming
subject: Binary logistic model

description: The main objective of this study was to investigate the factors that affected the decision of small-scale farmers who kept cattle and sheep on whether to adapt or not to climate changes. The Binary Logistic Regression model was used to investigate farmers’ decision. The results implied that a large number of socio-economic variables affected the decision of farmers on adaptation to climate changes. The study concluded that the most significant factors affecting climate change and adaptation were non-farm income, type of weather perceived, livestock ownership, distance to weather stations, distance to input markets, adaptation choices and annual average temperature.
Application of the eutectic high entropy alloy Nb0.73CoCrFeNi2.1 for high temperature joints
Creators: name: Tillmann, Wolfgang
name: Wojarski, Lukas
name: Stangier, Dominic
name: Manka, Matthias
name: Timmer, Christian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vacuum brazing
subject: High entropy alloy (HEA)
subject: Eutetic high entropy alloy (EHEA)
subject: Solid oxygen fuel cells
subject: SOFC
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Hartlöten
subject: Hochentropielegierung
subject: Festoxidbrennstoffzelle

description: The eutectic high entropy alloy Nb0.73CoCrFeNi2.1 was manufactured by means of arc smelting and the obtained ingots were cut into 300-μm-thick foils, which were used as filler alloys to braze Crofer 22 APU to Hf-metallized yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ). The brazing process was conducted in a vacuum furnace at 1200 °C for 5 min at a vacuum of 4.3·10–4 mbar. In order to minimize the intense diffusion and erosion of the steel substrate, a heating and cooling rate of 50 K/min was applied. Sound joints without any pores or flaws were obtained. The microstructure of the joints consisted of an HfO2 reaction layer at the ceramic interface and the same eutectic structure consisting of a Laves phase and a solid solution that was already detected in the smelted foil. The average hardness of the microstructure in the joint seam amounted to 352 ± 17 HV0.01 and the joints reached strength values up to 97 ± 7 MPa while the fracture area was always located at the ceramic interface in the HfO2 layer. Comparable joints, with AgCuTi3 as filler metal, brazed at 920 °C, only reached a shear strength of ~ 52 ± 2 MPa.
description: Welding in the world;64
ESS versus NVZ – The Cost-Effectiveness of Command-and-Control versus Agreement Based Policy Instruments
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Walsh, John
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Walsh, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Agri-Environmental Instruments
subject: Costs
subject: Risk

description: This study empirically investigates the cost-effectiveness of different agri-environmental policy instruments. We compare the Environment Stewardship Scheme (ESS) as an example for a management agreement type instrument, to the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZ) as an example for a command-and-control type instrument. Both instruments are currently applied in the UK. Based on a simple cost model considering also relevant transaction costs and risk we use different regression and resampling techniques to estimate the marginal effects of different factors with respect to the instruments‟ relative cost-effectiveness and to identify factors for cost variation over space and time. We control for the actual level of compliance by using compliance weighted average scheme cost ratios. The findings suggest that the ESS instrument has a higher cost-effectiveness whereas the NVZ instrument is more expensive on a general level. However, if the focus is on compliance weighted cost ratios, the picture changes somewhat. Further, we find a significant regional variation in the cost-effectiveness for both instruments as well as a significant variation over time.
Ultraviolet sensitivity of the cosmological sequester
Creators: name: Lawrence, Michaela G.
name: Seery, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the "sequester" proposal of Kaloper, Padilla and collaborators, in which the amplitude of the cosmological constant is decoupled from large contributions due to loops containing Standard Model particles. We review the different formulations of the model that have appeared in the literature, and estimate the importance of a particular class of quantum corrections-those that dress the interaction between the "rigid" scalars and infrared properties of the spacetime such as its 4-volume and integrated curvature. In formulations that do not adequately sequester graviton loops we argue that dressing of these interactions causes further failures of complete sequestration. We estimate the size of the effect and find that it is typically smaller than the cosmological term directly induced by loops containing a single virtual graviton. Meanwhile, in the most developed formulation of the scenario (where a rigid scalar couples to the Gauss-Bonnet density), this dressing can be absorbed into a rescaling of the rigid fields and is therefore harmless.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. v2: Minor changes to notation, accepted in PRD
Investigation of the index case herd and identification of the genotypes of Theileria orientalis associated with outbreaks of bovine anaemia in New Zealand in 2012
Creators: name: Pulford, DJ
name: McFadden, AMJ
name: Hamilton, JS
name: Donald, J
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: CASE HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: On 7 September 2012 the Ministry for Primary Industries was notified of a dairy cow with regenerative anaemia (haematocrit (HCT) 0.08 L/L) in a herd of 465 Jersey-Friesian cross cows (index case herd) in the Northland region of New Zealand. Organisms consistent with Theileria spp. were present in red blood cells on a blood smear. No other causes of anaemia were detected following examination of affected cows. Blood samples collected from 29 randomly selected cows on 26 September 2012 showed that 24 (83%) were anaemic (HCT≤0.24 L/L) and therefore fitted the case definition for bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis infection. LABORATORY FINDINGS: Using a T. orientalis type-specific PCR assay that targeted the single subunit rRNA gene, all of six animals tested were positive for T. orientalis type Ikeda. Blood samples collected from clinically affected cattle in 11 subsequent outbreaks from throughout the North Island showed that T. orientalis Ikeda type was a common finding, but mixed infections with Chitose type were also identified. In addition, using a PCR assay that targeted the major piroplasm surface gene, T. orientalis type 5 was detected in one cow from the Waikato region. DIAGNOSIS: The presence of T. orientalis type Ikeda, as well as type 5, was confirmed in cattle from outbreaks of bovine anaemia in herds throughout the North Island of New Zealand. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Two new types of T. orientalis were identified in this investigation, that were associated with a sudden rise in cases of bovine anaemia. The body of evidence showed that the Ikeda type was implicated as the cause of disease observed in this epidemic.
High-Contrast Interference in a Thermal Cloud of Atoms
Creators: name: Miller, D. E.
name: Anglin, J. R.
name: Abo-Shaeer, J. R.
name: Xu, K.
name: Chin, J. K.
name: Ketterle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherence properties of a gas of bosonic atoms above the BEC transition temperature were studied. Bragg diffraction was used to create two spatially separated wave packets, which interfere during expansion. Given sufficient expansion time, high fringe contrast could be observed in a cloud of arbitrary temperature. Fringe visibility greater than 90% was observed, which decreased with increasing temperature, in agreement with a simple model. When the sample was "filtered" in momentum space using long, velocity-selective Bragg pulses, the contrast was significantly enhanced in contrast to predictions.
title: Элементы имитационного моделирования процессов функционирования информационно-вычислительных систем
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Московский технический университет связи и информатики
Year: 2014

description: Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 3-го курса МТУСИ. При исследовании информационно-вычислительных систем широко используются математические подходы и имитационное моделирование. В практикуме приводятся задания на выполнение лабораторных работ, способствующих развитию умения студентами применять математические методы и имитационное моделирование для анализа технических систем.
Boltzmann machine learning with a variational quantum algorithm
Creators: name: Shingu, Yuta
name: Seki, Yuya
name: Watabe, Shohei
name: Endo, Suguru
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Nikuni, Tetsuro
name: Hakoshima, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boltzmann machine is a powerful tool for modeling probability distributions that govern the training data. A thermal equilibrium state is typically used for Boltzmann machine learning to obtain a suitable probability distribution. The Boltzmann machine learning consists of calculating the gradient of the loss function given in terms of the thermal average, which is the most time consuming procedure. Here, we propose a method to implement the Boltzmann machine learning by using Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. We prepare an initial pure state that contains all possible computational basis states with the same amplitude, and apply a variational imaginary time simulation. Readout of the state after the evolution in the computational basis approximates the probability distribution of the thermal equilibrium state that is used for the Boltzmann machine learning. We actually perform the numerical simulations of our scheme and confirm that the Boltzmann machine learning works well by our scheme.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Superconductivity in the Intercalated Graphite Compounds C6Yb and C6Ca
Creators: name: Weller, Thomas E.
name: Ellerby, Mark
name: Saxena, Siddharth S.
name: Smith, Robert P.
name: Skipper, Neal T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we report the discovery of superconductivity in the isostructural graphite intercalation compounds C6Yb and C6Ca, with transition temperatures of 6.5K and 11.5K respectively. A structural characterisation of these compounds shows them to be hexagonal layered systems in the same class as other graphite intercalates. If we assume that all the outer s-electrons are transferred from the intercalant to the graphite sheets, then the charge transfer in these compounds is comparable to other superconducting graphite intercalants such as C8K 1,2 . However, the superconducting transition temperatures of C6Yb and C6Ca are up to two orders of magnitude greater. Interestingly, superconducting upper critical field studies and resistivity measurements suggest that these compounds are significantly more isotropic than pure graphite. This is unexpected as the effect of introducing the intercalant is to move the graphite layer further apart.
description: 2 Figures. Please see accompanying theoretical manuscript, "Electronic Structure of the Superconducting Graphite Intercalates" by Csanyi et al., cond-mat/0503569
Agri-environmental attitudes of Chinese farmers – The impact of social and cognitive determinants
Creators: name: Weber, Daniela
name: Weber, Daniela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: China
subject: agri-environmental attitudes
subject: guānxi
subject: SEM
subject: values

description: Chinas’ successfully increased food production during the last 30 years has caused significant negative external impacts and subsequent escalating environmental costs (Ash and Edmonds, 1998). This dilemma has recently become a popular issue and the government attaches great importance towards a more sustainable agricultural production (UNDP, 2006). The challenge is to enhance well-grounded approaches that accomplish of effective agricultural trainings, encouraging farmers to adopt optimized practices. According to recent decision-making theories, a successful implementation is also closely related to the target group’s social and cognitive preferences. In order to get more information about farmers’ inherent decision-making factors an explorative quantitative survey of 394 farmers was conducted in Shandong Province. Next to descriptive economic and agronomic analyses, a structural equation model gave evidence that beside farmers’ economic reasons, values and guānxi-relationships indeed show an influence on the extracted agri-environmental attitude factors as well as on manifest behaviour variables. Concluding results reveal the farmers varying preferences and give explanations out of the social and cognitive paths to explain why they behave different or have other focussed attitudes. Finally, recommendations for more effective training methods are given that consider the farmers’ individual motivations.
Additional file 1 of Drought severity and all-cause mortality rates among adults in the United States: 1968–2014
Creators: name: Lynch, Katie M.
name: Lyles, Robert H.
name: Waller, Lance A.
name: Abadi, Azar M.
name: Bell, Jesse E.
name: Gribble, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix I. Drought Severity Score Code
Positive solutions for nonlinear Neumann problems with singular terms and convection
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.
name: Rădulescu, Vicenţiu D.
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B50, 35J75, 35J92, 35P30, 47H10, 58J20

description: We consider a nonlinear Neumann problem driven by the $p$-Laplacian. In the reaction term we have the competing effects of a singular and a convection term. Using a topological approach based on the Leray-Schauder alternative principle together with suitable truncation and comparison techniques, we show that the problem has positive smooth solutions.