cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A curated dataset for data-driven turbulence modelling
Creators: name: McConkey, Ryley
name: Yee, Eugene
name: Lien, Fue-Sang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent surge in machine learning augmented turbulence modelling is a promising approach for addressing the limitations of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models. This work presents the development of the first open-source dataset, curated and structured for immediate use in machine learning augmented turbulence closure modelling. The dataset features a variety of RANS simulations with matching direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) data. Four turbulence models are selected to form the initial dataset: $k$-$\varepsilon$, $k$-$\varepsilon$-$ϕ_t$-$f$, $k$-$ω$, and $k$-$ω$ SST. The dataset consists of 29 cases per turbulence model, for several parametrically sweeping reference DNS/LES cases: periodic hills, square duct, parametric bumps, converging-diverging channel, and a curved backward-facing step. At each of the 895,640 points, various RANS features with DNS/LES labels are available. The feature set includes quantities used in current state-of-the-art models, and additional fields which enable the generation of new feature sets. The dataset reduces effort required to train, test, and benchmark new models. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.34740/kaggle/dsv/2044393 .
description: 21 pages, 20 figures, 15 tables. Article yet to be submitted to a journal
On the Positivity of the Discrete Green's Function for Unstructured Finite Element Discretizations in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Miller, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30

description: The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we prove $L^p$ estimates for a regularized Green's function in three dimensions. We then establish new estimates for the discrete Green's function and obtain some positivity results. In particular, we prove that the discrete Green's functions with singularity in the interior of the domain cannot be bounded uniformly with respect of the mesh parameter $h$. Actually, we show that at the singularity the discrete Green's function is of order $h^{-1}$, which is consistent with the behavior of the continuous Green's function. In addition, we also show that the discrete Green's function is positive and decays exponentially away from the singularity. We also provide numerically persistent negative values of the discrete Green's function on Delaunay meshes which then implies a discrete Harnack inequality cannot be established for unstructured finite element discretizations.
Construction of Explicit Symplectic Integrators in General Relativity. I. Schwarzschild Black Holes
Creators: name: Wang, Ying
name: Sun, Wei
name: Liu, Fuyao
name: Wu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.1; J.2
subject: 83-08, 85-08, 70Kxx

description: Symplectic integrators that preserve the geometric structure of Hamiltonian flows and do not exhibit secular growth in energy errors are suitable for the long-term integration of N-body Hamiltonian systems in the solar system. However, the construction of explicit symplectic integrators is frequently difficult in general relativity because all variables are inseparable. Moreover, even if two analytically integrable splitting parts exist in a relativistic Hamiltonian, all analytical solutions are not explicit functions of proper time. Naturally, implicit symplectic integrators, such as the midpoint rule, are applicable to this case. In general, these integrators are numerically more expensive to solve than same-order explicit symplectic algorithms. To address this issue, we split the Hamiltonian of Schwarzschild spacetime geometry into four integrable parts with analytical solutions as explicit functions of proper time. In this manner, second- and fourth-order explicit symplectic integrators can be easily made available. The new algorithms are also useful for modeling the chaotic motion of charged particles around a black hole with an external magnetic field. They demonstrate excellent long-term performance in maintaining bounded Hamiltonian errors and saving computational cost when appropriate proper time steps are adopted.
description: 10 pages,2 figures
Comparison principles for nonlinear potential theories and PDEs with fiberegularity and sufficient monotonicity
Creators: name: Cirant, Marco
name: Payne, Kevin R.
name: Redaelli, Davide F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B51, 35J60, 35J70, 35D40, 31C45, 35K55, 35K65

description: We present some recent advances in the productive and symbiotic interplay between general potential theories (subharmonic functions associated to closed subsets $\mathcal{F} \subset \mathcal{J}^2(X)$ of the 2-jets on $X \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ open) and subsolutions of degenerate elliptic and parabolic PDEs of the form $F(x,u,Du,D^2u) = 0$. We will implement the monotonicity-duality method begun by Harvey and Lawson in 2009 (in the pure second order constant coefficient case) for proving comparison principles for potential theories where $\mathcal{F}$ has sufficient monotonicity and fiberegularity (in variable coefficient settings) and which carry over to all differential operators $F$ which are compatible with $\mathcal{F}$ in a precise sense for which the correspondence principle holds. We will consider both elliptic and parabolic versions of the comparison principle in which the effect of boundary data is seen on the entire boundary or merely on a proper subset of the boundary. Particular attention will be given to gradient dependent examples with the requisite sufficient monotonicity of proper ellipticity and directionality in the gradient. Example operators we will discuss include the degenerate elliptic operators of optimal transport in which the target density is strictly increasing in some directions as well as operators which are weakly parabolic in the sense of Krylov. Further examples, modeled on hyperbolic polynomials in the sense of Gårding give a rich class of examples with directionality in the gradient. Moreover we present a model example in which the comparison principle holds, but standard viscosity structural conditions fail to hold.
description: 59 pages
Probing small Bjorken-$x$ nuclear gluonic structure via coherent J/$ψ$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasireal photons exchanged in relativistic heavy ion interactions are powerful probes of the gluonic structure of nuclei. The coherent J/$ψ$ photoproduction cross section in ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions is measured as a function of photon-nucleus center-of-mass energies per nucleon (W$^\text{Pb}_{γ\text{N}}$), over a wide range of 40 $\lt$ W$^\text{Pb}_{γ\text{N}}$ $\lt$ 400 GeV. Results are obtained using data at the nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.52 nb$^{-1}$. The cross section is observed to rise rapidly at low W$^\text{Pb}_{γ\text{N}}$, and plateau above W$^\text{Pb}_{γ\text{N}}$ $\approx$ 40 GeV, up to 400 GeV, a new regime of small Bjorken-$x$ ($\approx$ 6 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$) gluons being probed in a heavy nucleus. The observed energy dependence is not predicted by current quantum chromodynamic models.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-22-002 (CMS Public Pages)
Modeling and optimization of photocatalytic treatment of pre-treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) in a UV/TiO2 system using response surface methodology (RSM)
Creators: name: Alhaji, Mohammed Haji
name: Khairuddin Sanaullah
name: Lim, Soh Fong
name: Rigit, Andrew Ragai Henry
name: Abdulhamid Hamza
name: Afrasyab Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: This study aimed at the degradation of COD, BOD and Color present in palm oil mill effluent (POME) using UV/TiO2 system. A Statistical tool called face-centered central composite design has been run through response surface methodology by the use of design expert software to model and optimize the photodegradation process. The SEM average size of the synthesized TiO2 particle is 100 nm and this confirm that it is anatase. The prominent peak as reveal by XRD occur at 22.3° and this indicates that TiO2 formed is anatase. The FTIR results shows a peak value of 1,406.50 and 1,452.50 cm−1 indicating that the TiO2 anatase is formed while nonappearance of the peak at 2,900 cm−1 indicates that the all organic compounds have been removed after calcination. The three models developed for the three pollutants are non-significant as revealed from the Prob > F values of 0.0584 for COD, 0.0612 for BOD and 0.4239 for color and this confirms that proposed models fit the experimental data. The optimum conditions for the three parameters are 5.50 for initial pH, 4.84 mg for catalyst dosage and 42.86 min for time and the percentage removal of the COD, BOD, and color are within the range of 59.43–96.81%, 48.05–102.68% and 60.63–94.29% respectively. Regression analysis obtained through analysis of variance provided significant quadratic polynomial with the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9646, 0.9496 and 0.9223 for COD, BOD, and Color removal respectively.
Photovoltaic Probe of Cavity Polaritons in a Quantum Cascade Structure
Creators: name: Sapienza, Luca
name: Colombelli, Raffaele
name: Vasanelli, Angela
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
name: Manquest, Christophe
name: Gennser, Ulf
name: Sirtori, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling between an intersubband excitation in a quantum cascade structure and a photonic mode of a planar microcavity has been detected by angle-resolved photovoltaic measurements. A typical anticrossing behavior, with a vacuum-field Rabi splitting of 16 meV at 78K, has been measured, for an intersubband transition at 163 meV. These results show that the strong coupling regime between photons and intersubband excitations can be engineered in a quantum cascade opto-electronic device. They also demonstrate the possibility to perform angle-resolved mid-infrared photodetection and to develop active devices based on intersubband cavity polaritons.
description: submitted to Applied Physics Letters
A perimeter-decreasing and area-conserving algorithm for surface diffusion flow of curves
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Li, Buyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A fully discrete finite element method, based on a new weak formulation and a new time-stepping scheme, is proposed for the surface diffusion flow of closed curves in the two-dimensional plane. It is proved that the proposed method can preserve two geometric structures simultaneously at the discrete level, i.e., the perimeter of the curve decreases in time while the area enclosed by the curve is conserved. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the convergence of the proposed method and the effectiveness of the method in preserving the two geometric structures.
Hyper Suprime-Cam Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing with HSC and SDSS using the Minimal Bias Model
Creators: name: Sugiyama, Sunao
name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: More, Surhud
name: Li, Xiangchong
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Kobayashi, Yosuke
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
name: Rau, Markus M.
name: Zhang, Tianqing
name: Dalal, Roohi
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Hamana, Takashi
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Osato, Ken
name: Kannawadi, Arun
name: Armstrong, Robert
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Lust, Nate B.
name: Miyazaki, Satoshi
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Okura, Yuki
name: Price, Paul A.
name: Tait, Philip J.
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological parameter constraints from a blind joint analysis of three two-point correlation functions measured from the Year 3 Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC-Y3) imaging data, covering 416 deg$^2$, and the SDSS DR11 spectroscopic galaxies spanning the redshift range $[0.15, 0.70]$. We subdivide the SDSS galaxies into three volume-limited samples separated in redshift, each of which acts as a large-scale structure tracer characterized by the measurement of the projected correlation function, $w_{\rm p}(R)$. We also use the measurements of the galaxy-galaxy weak lensing signal $ΔΣ(R)$ for each of these SDSS samples which act as lenses for a secure sample of source galaxies selected from the HSC-Y3 shape catalog based on their photometric redshifts. We combine these measurements with the cosmic shear correlation functions, $ξ_{\pm}(\vartheta)$, measured for our HSC source sample. We model these observables with the minimal bias model of the galaxy clustering observables in the context of a flat $Λ$CDM cosmology. We use conservative scale cuts, $R>12$ and $8~h^{-1}$Mpc, for $ΔΣ$ and $w_{\rm p}$, respectively, where the minimal bias model is valid, in addition to conservative prior on the residual bias in the mean redshift of the HSC photometric source galaxies. Our baseline analysis yields $S_8=0.775^{+0.043}_{-0.038}$ (68% C.I.) for the $Λ$CDM model, after marginalizing over uncertainties in other parameters. Our value of $S_8$ is consistent with that from the Planck 2018 data, but the credible interval of our result is still relatively large. Our results are statistically consistent with those of a companion paper, which extends this analysis to smaller scales with an emulator-based halo model.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables, version accepted for publication in PRD together with other HSC Y3 weak lensing cosmology papers - see https://hsc-release.mtk.nao.ac.jp/doc/index.php/wly3/
Stationary Schrödinger Equation and Darwin Term from Maximal Entropy Random Walk
Creators: name: Faber, Manfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe particles in a potential by a special diffusion process, the maximal entropy random walk (MERW) on a lattice. Since MERW originates in a variational problem, it shares the linear algebra of Hilbert spaces with quantum mechanics. The Born rule appears from measurements between equilibrium states in the past and the same equilibrium states in the future. Introducing potentials by the observation that time, in a gravitational field running in different heights with a different speed, MERW respects the rule that all trajectories of the same duration are counted with equal probability. In this way, MERW allows us to derive the Schrödinger equation for a particle in a potential and the Darwin term of the nonrelativistic expansion of the Dirac equation. Finally, we discuss why quantum mechanics cannot be simply a result of MERW, but, due to the many analogies, MERW may pave the way for further understanding.
Two models of dynamic input demand : estimates with Canadian manufacturing data
Creators: name: Rushton, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Over the past decade there has been a number of innovations in the estimation of input demand equations. In particular, ways of incorporating the hypothesis of rational expectations into empirical models of the firm have been developed and improved upon. This research agenda was perhaps inspired by the Lucas critique of econometric policy evaluation, which suggested that econometric models which did not explicitly take account of how expectations of the future affect current behaviour would give misleading results regarding the possible effects of various government policies. Lucas specifically directed part of his critique at empirical models of business investment, which had been used previously in the assessment of tax policies designed to affect investment. This thesis has a dual purpose. First, two distinct models of input demand are estimated with Canadian manufacturing data. Each of the models incorporates to some degree the hypothesis of rational expectations, but the specifications of technology differ. Neither of these models, to our knowledge, has been estimated with Canadian data. We are interested in whether either model explains well the behaviour of the Canadian manufacturing sector, and in how the results compare with the (few) U.S. applications of this type of model. The second purpose is to use the results of these models in simulations to assess the effect of changes to the after-tax rental rate of capital on investment and employment in manufacturing. While there have been studies in Canada (and elsewhere) that attempt to calculate the effects of various tax policies on investment, most studies were done prior to the innovation of techniques in estimating models with rational expectations. This thesis is able to examine the effects of a particular change while remaining immune to the Lucas critique. If the modelling of expectations is correct, this could not only improve the reliability of the estimates, but also give some indication of the empirical importance of the Lucas critique. The results can be summarized as follows. The two models give very different estimates of price elasticities of demand for capital and labour, even though they are similar in many respects and are estimated with a common data set. It is also the case that their estimates of the effects of temporary and permanent changes to the rental rate are different. Adjusting the reduced form parameters of the input demand equations to account for changes in tax policy regimes alters the results to a significant degree, suggesting that the explicit modelling of expectations matters in an empirically relevant sense. However, these effects are in opposite directions for the two models considered here. All this suggests that more research is required into the relationship between expectations of future policy and investment behaviour.
Fractal Holography: a geometric re-interpretation of cosmological large scale structure
Creators: name: Mureika, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractal dimension of large-scale galaxy clustering has been demonstrated to be roughly $D_F \sim 2$ from a wide range of redshift surveys. If correct, this statistic is of interest for two main reasons: fractal scaling is an implicit representation of information content, and also the value itself is a geometric signature of area. It is proposed that the fractal distribution of galaxies may thus be interpreted as a signature of holography (``fractal holography''), providing more support for current theories of holographic cosmologies. Implications for entropy bounds are addressed. In particular, because of spatial scale invariance in the matter distribution, it is shown that violations of the spherical entropy bound can be removed. This holographic condition instead becomes a rigid constraint on the nature of the matter density and distribution in the Universe. Inclusion of a dark matter distribution is also discussed, based on theoretical considerations of possible universal CDM density profiles.
description: 13 pp, LaTeX. Revised version; to appear in JCAP
A lightweight Encryption Method For Privacy-Preserving in Process Mining
Creators: name: Kazemian, Mohsen
name: Helfert, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Novel technological achievements in the fields of business intelligence, business management and data science are based on real-time and complex virtual networks. Sharing data between a large number of organizations that leads to a system with high computational complexity is one of the considerable characteristics of the current business networks. Discovery, conformance and enhancement of the business processes are performed using the generated event logs. In this regard, one of the overlooked challenges is privacy-preserving in the field of process mining in the industry. To preserve the data-privacy with a low computational complexity structure that is a necessity for the current digital business technology, a novel lightweight encryption method based on Haar transform and a private key is proposed in this paper. We compare the proposed method with the well-known homomorphic cryptosystem and Walsh- Hadamard encryption (WHE) in terms of cryptography, computational complexity and structure vulnerability. The analyses show that the proposed method anonymizes the event logs with the lower complexity and more accuracy compared with two aforementioned cryptosystems, significantly.
Resolving game theoretical dilemmas with quantum states
Creators: name: Iqbal, Azhar
name: Chappell, James M.
name: Szabo, Claudia
name: Abbott, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new framework for creating a quantum version of a classical game, based on Fine's theorem. This theorem shows that for a given set of marginals, a system of Bell's inequalities constitutes both necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the corresponding joint probability distribution. Using Fine's theorem, we re-express both the player payoffs and their strategies in terms of a set of marginals, thus paving the way for the consideration of sets of marginals -- corresponding to entangled quantum states -- for which no corresponding joint probability distribution may exist. By harnessing quantum states and employing Positive Operator-Valued Measures (POVMs), we then consider particular quantum states that can potentially resolve dilemmas inherent in classical games.
description: Revised
Sky-GVINS: a Sky-segmentation Aided GNSS-Visual-Inertial System for Robust Navigation in Urban Canyons
Creators: name: Yin, Jie
name: Li, Tao
name: Yin, Hao
name: Yu, Wenxian
name: Zou, Danping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integrating Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems draws increasing attention to a global and continuous localization solution. Nonetheless, in dense urban environments, GNSS-based SLAM systems will suffer from the Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) measurements, which might lead to a sharp deterioration in localization results. In this paper, we propose to detect the sky area from the up-looking camera to improve GNSS measurement reliability for more accurate position estimation. We present Sky-GVINS: a sky-aware GNSS-Visual-Inertial system based on a recent work called GVINS. Specifically, we adopt a global threshold method to segment the sky regions and non-sky regions in the fish-eye sky-pointing image and then project satellites to the image using the geometric relationship between satellites and the camera. After that, we reject satellites in non-sky regions to eliminate NLOS signals. We investigated various segmentation algorithms for sky detection and found that the Otsu algorithm reported the highest classification rate and computational efficiency, despite the algorithm's simplicity and ease of implementation. To evaluate the effectiveness of Sky-GVINS, we built a ground robot and conducted extensive real-world experiments on campus. Experimental results show that our method improves localization accuracy in both open areas and dense urban environments compared to the baseline method. Finally, we also conduct a detailed analysis and point out possible further directions for future research. For detailed information, visit our project website at https://github.com/SJTU-ViSYS/Sky-GVINS.
Ordinal Motifs in Lattices
Creators: name: Hirth, Johannes
name: Horn, Viktoria
name: Stumme, Gerd
name: Hanika, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.6
subject: 06A15 03G10 68T30 68T27

description: Lattices are a commonly used structure for the representation and analysis of relational and ontological knowledge. In particular, the analysis of these requires a decomposition of a large and high-dimensional lattice into a set of understandably large parts. With the present work we propose /ordinal motifs/ as analytical units of meaning. We study these ordinal substructures (or standard scales) through (full) scale-measures of formal contexts from the field of formal concept analysis. We show that the underlying decision problems are NP-complete and provide results on how one can incrementally identify ordinal motifs to save computational effort. Accompanying our theoretical results, we demonstrate how ordinal motifs can be leveraged to retrieve basic meaning from a medium sized ordinal data set.
Transfer Learning Across Heterogeneous Features For Efficient Tensor Program Generation
Creators: name: Verma, Gaurav
name: Raskar, Siddhisanket
name: Xie, Zhen
name: Malik, Abid M
name: Emani, Murali
name: Chapman, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tuning tensor program generation involves searching for various possible program transformation combinations for a given program on target hardware to optimize the tensor program execution. It is already a complex process because of the massive search space and exponential combinations of transformations make auto-tuning tensor program generation more challenging, especially when we have a heterogeneous target. In this research, we attempt to address these problems by learning the joint neural network and hardware features and transferring them to the new target hardware. We extensively study the existing state-of-the-art dataset, TenSet, perform comparative analysis on the test split strategies and propose methodologies to prune the dataset. We adopt an attention-inspired approach for tuning the tensor programs enabling them to embed neural network and hardware-specific features. Our approach could prune the dataset up to 45\% of the baseline without compromising the Pairwise Comparison Accuracy (PCA). Further, the proposed methodology can achieve on-par or improved mean inference time with 25%-40% of the baseline tuning time across different networks and target hardware.
The random paving property for uniformly bounded matrices
Creators: name: Tropp, Joel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B07, 47A11, 15A52

description: This note presents a new proof of an important result due to Bourgain and Tzafriri that provides a partial solution to the Kadison--Singer problem. The result shows that every unit-norm matrix whose entries are relatively small in comparison with its dimension can be paved by a partition of constant size. That is, the coordinates can be partitioned into a constant number of blocks so that the restriction of the matrix to each block of coordinates has norm less than one half. The original proof of Bourgain and Tzafriri involves a long, delicate calculation. The new proof relies on the systematic use of symmetrization and (noncommutative) Khintchine inequalities to estimate the norms of some random matrices.
description: 12 pages; v2 with cosmetic changes; v3 with corrections to Prop. 4; v4 with minor changes to text; v5 with correction to discussion of noncommutative Khintchine inequality; v6 with slight improvement to main theorem
Lipschitz normally embedded set and tangent cones at infinity
Creators: name: Dias, L. R. G.
name: Ribeiro, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that any analytic set in $\C^n$ with a unique tangent cone at infinity is an algebraic set. We prove that the degree of a complex algebraic set in $\C^n$, which is Lipschitz normally embedded at infinity, is equal to the degree of its tangent cone at infinity.
An analytical study of Elliott Carter's piano sonata
Creators: name: Perkyns, Jane E. Gormley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This analytical study of Elliott Carter's Piano Sonata focuses on middleground structural aspects found in the work such as phrases, phrase groupings, cadences and note collections. These are examined under four main headings: The Articulation of Phrases looks at the division of large passages into phrases, showing the various ways in which new phrases are marked. These include sudden changes in texture and register, restatements of thematic material, and recurring characteristics that appear at important cadential points. The Unification of Extended Passages by Middleground Stepwise Motion focuses on the rising linear motion that connects the individual phrases of many of these larger passages. Correlations between thematic material and phrase contours are also explored. The Relationship of Vertical Intervals and Note Collections to the Character and Phrase Rhythm of Particular Passages further examines phrase articulation by means of changes in note collections, with distinctions among phrases arising from the correlation of consonant vertical intervals with passages of linear motion and dissonant vertical intervals with passages that are more static. Anticipation and Overlapping of Materials describes an important aspect of the Sonata's overall structure in which themes and motives, as well as characteristic intervals of these materials are used to link the two movements of the work by a network of anticipations and flashbacks. An examination of the final climactic Maestoso section of the first movement (mm. 252-264) provides a summary of the various compositional aspects described in this study.
Automatic Textual Explanations of Concept Lattices
Creators: name: Hirth, Johannes
name: Horn, Viktoria
name: Stumme, Gerd
name: Hanika, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.6
subject: 06A15 03G10 68T30 68T27

description: Lattices and their order diagrams are an essential tool for communicating knowledge and insights about data. This is in particular true when applying Formal Concept Analysis. Such representations, however, are difficult to comprehend by untrained users and in general in cases where lattices are large. We tackle this problem by automatically generating textual explanations for lattices using standard scales. Our method is based on the general notion of ordinal motifs in lattices for the special case of standard scales. We show the computational complexity of identifying a small number of standard scales that cover most of the lattice structure. For these, we provide textual explanation templates, which can be applied to any occurrence of a scale in any data domain. These templates are derived using principles from human-computer interaction and allow for a comprehensive textual explanation of lattices. We demonstrate our approach on the spices planner data set, which is a medium sized formal context comprised of fifty-six meals (objects) and thirty-seven spices (attributes). The resulting 531 formal concepts can be covered by means of about 100 standard scales.
Calamón común - Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Sánchez-Lafuente, Alfonso M.
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN)
Year: 2017

description: Aves - Orden Gruiformes - Familia Rallidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 23-03-2010; 31-03-2016; 16-11-2016; 30-11-2016
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio in Spain.
Multitenant Containers as a Service (CaaS) for Clouds and Edge Clouds
Creators: name: Senel, Berat Can
name: Mouchet, Maxime
name: Cappos, Justin
name: Fourmaux, Olivier
name: Friedman, Timur
name: McGeer, Rick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud computing, offering on-demand access to computing resources through the Internet and the pay-as-you-go model, has marked the last decade with its three main service models; Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). The lightweight nature of containers compared to virtual machines has led to the rapid uptake of another in recent years, called Containers as a Service (CaaS), which falls between IaaS and PaaS regarding control abstraction. However, when CaaS is offered to multiple independent users, or tenants, a multi-instance approach is used, in which each tenant receives its own separate cluster, which reimposes significant overhead due to employing virtual machines for isolation. If CaaS is to be offered not just at the cloud, but also at the edge cloud, where resources are limited, another solution is required. We introduce a native CaaS multitenancy framework, meaning that tenants share a cluster, which is more efficient than the one tenant per cluster model. Whenever there are shared resources, isolation of multitenant workloads is an issue. Such workloads can be isolated by Kata Containers today. Besides, our framework esteems the application requirements that compel complete isolation and a fully customized environment. Node-level slicing empowers tenants to programmatically reserve isolated subclusters where they can choose the container runtime that suits application needs. The framework is publicly available as liberally-licensed, free, open-source software that extends Kubernetes, the de facto standard container orchestration system. It is in production use within the EdgeNet testbed for researchers.
MOND and the lensing Fundamental Plane: No need for dark matter on galaxy scales
Creators: name: Sanders, R. H.
name: Land, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bolton et al. (2007) have derived a mass-based fundamental plane using photometric and spectroscopic observations of 36 strong gravitational lenses. The lensing allows a direct determination of the mass-surface density and so avoids the usual dependence on mass-to-light ratio. We consider this same sample in the context of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) and demonstrate that the observed mass-based fundamental plane coincides with the MOND fundamental plane determined previously for a set of high-order polytropic spheres chosen to match the observed range of effective radii and velocity dispersions in elliptical galaxies. Moreover, the observed projected mass within one-half an effective radius is consistent with the mass in visible stars plus a small additional component of ``phantom dark matter'' resulting from the MOND contribution to photon deflection.
description: Minor revisions in response to referee. Revised title. Accepted in MNRAS
Disentangling the gravity dual of Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Pönni, Arttu
name: Rindlisbacher, Tobias
name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Salami, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A construction of a gravity dual to a physical gauge theory requires confronting data. We establish a proof-of-concept for precision holography, i.e., the explicit reconstruction of the dual background metric functions directly from the entanglement entropy (EE) of strip subregions that we extract from pure glue Yang-Mills theory discretized on a lattice. Our main focus is on a three-dimensional Euclidean SU(2) theory in the deconfining phase. Holographic EE suggests, and we find evidence for, that the scaling of the thermal entropy with temperature is to power 7/3 and that it approaches smoothly the critical point, consistent with black hole thermodynamics. In addition, we provide frugal results on the potential between quenched quarks by the computation of the Polyakov loop correlators on the lattice. Holographic arguments pique curiosity in the substratum of Debye screening at strong coupling.
description: 59 pages, 28 figures, to be published in JHEP under the title "Progress in the lattice evaluation of entanglement entropy of three-dimensional Yang-Mills theories and holographic bulk reconstruction"
Additional file 1 of Vascular involvement in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is associated with spirometry obstructive impairment
Creators: name: Yanagisawa, Asako
name: Naito, Akira
name: Jujo-Sanada, Takayuki
name: Tanabe, Nobuhiro
name: Ishida, Keiichi
name: Matsumiya, Goro
name: Suda, Rika
name: Kasai, Hajime
name: Sekine, Ayumi
name: Sugiura, Toshihiko
name: Shigeta, Ayako
name: Sakao, Seiichiro
name: Tatsumi, Koichiro
name: Suzuki, Takuji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Correlation of representative spirometry and respiratory impedance parameters in CTEPH patients. *p
Asymptotics for the number of eigenvalues of three-particle Schrödinger operators on lattices
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Antonio, G. F. Dell
name: Lakaev, Saidakhmat N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 81Q10, Secondary: 35P20, 47N50

description: We consider the Hamiltonian of a system of three quantum mechanical particles (two identical fermions and boson)on the three-dimensional lattice $\Z^3$ and interacting by means of zero-range attractive potentials. We describe the location and structure of the essential spectrum of the three-particle discrete Schrödinger operator $H_γ(K),$ $K$ being the total quasi-momentum and $γ>0$ the ratio of the mass of fermion and boson. We choose for $γ>0$ the interaction $v(γ)$ in such a way the system consisting of one fermion and one boson has a zero energy resonance. We prove for any $γ> 0$ the existence infinitely many eigenvalues of the operator $H_γ(0).$ We establish for the number $N(0,γ; z;)$ of eigenvalues lying below $z<0$ the following asymptotics $$ \lim_{z\to 0-}\frac{N(0,γ;z)}{\mid \log \mid z\mid \mid}={U} (γ) .$$ Moreover, for all nonzero values of the quasi-momentum $K \in T^3 $ we establish the finiteness of the number $ N(K,γ;τ_{ess}(K))$ of eigenvalues of $H(K)$ below the bottom of the essential spectrum and we give an asymptotics for the number $N(K,γ;0)$ of eigenvalues below zero.
description: 25 pages
Multiwavelength analysis of galaxies' structure to unveil quenching signatures
Creators: name: Dimauro, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: It is now day well know the existence of a link between the morphology and star formation activity of galaxies. However, how a galaxy reduces/stops the formation of new stars is a not well-understood process. Moreover, while many mechanisms are proposed to act as drivers of this process, their role/impact in the quenching is still a debated question, as well as if there is one or several of them acting simultaneously. Aiming to shed light on those open questions, we carried out a multi-wavelength analysis of the galaxies' structure. We took advantage of exquisite resolution and multi-wavelength coverage of HST data, to resolve and analyze bulges and discs for a large sample of galaxies. We found that the structure of the inner components weakly depends on the star-formation activity of the hosting galaxies. If one or more mechanisms are guiding the quenching, their effect results in a similar final structure. Moreover, we detected the presence of red bulges in star-forming galaxies, while there is a lack of red discs. This suggests that bulges are required but not necessary for quenching. Most, if not all, galaxies in the sample, present a negative color gradient. Such finding suggests an inside-out quenching. However, a rejuvenation mechanism would leave a similar signature. To differentiate the two mechanisms, we extended the analysis to the 54 narrow bands of J-PAS, to recover more precise and detailed stellar population properties like SFR and ages of bulges and discs.
Búho campestre – Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Creators: name: Onrubia, Alejandro
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Strigiformes - Familia Strigidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 3-08-2006; 25-02-2010
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus in Spain.
Pathogen genomic sequence data sharing
Creators: name: Michaelides, Athena
name: Trust, The Wellcome
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: Executive summary



1.1 Aims and scope 



Pathogen genomic sequence (PGS) data sharing is crucial for responding to public health challenges, as evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, PGS data generators and users in low-resource settings face significant barriers to PGS data sharing due to gaps in infrastructure and expertise, and inequitable benefits from sharing these data. Wellcome worked with global stakeholders to understand these challenges and explore technical solutions that have the potential to catalyse and improve how these data are shared. The insights in this report were gathered through a multi-stage process, involving a survey, interviews and two workshops held in October 2024.



1.2 Technical solutions to enhance PGS sharing



The term ‘low-resource settings’ is used in this report to refer to the availability of resources and expertise, which will vary between and within national contexts and is not geographically bound. This work considered a wide range of technical solutions currently in use to assemble, annotate, analyse and share PGS data in these contexts. These solutions enable PGS data generators and users in low-resource settings to access global expertise, tools and networks but mean they are frequently dependent on external resources. Data generators’ willingness and ability to share data is also constrained by uncertainty over what data should be shared, and in what context, and concerns over a lack of recognition and credit.



Twelve areas of opportunity to enhance existing technical solutions emerged from this work, which were prioritised as shown in the figure below. However, contributors emphasised that data sharing also relies on an enabling environment characterised by trusted relationships, effective data governance and policy, robust systems for recognition and credit, and education and advocacy efforts.



1.3 How funders can help



The workshops showed that funders like Wellcome are in a strong position to drive improvements in global sharing of PGS data. Participants highlighted the potential to enhance technical infrastructure for data upload, visualisation and analysis, but stressed that interventions in this area must be accompanied by efforts to strengthen local capacity and build community norms. The interconnected nature of these activities points to a need for coordination between funding agencies to minimise duplication and maximise their collective impact.
hep_tables: Heterogeneous Array Programming for HEP
Creators: name: Watts, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Array operations are one of the most concise ways of expressing common filtering and simple aggregation operations that is the hallmark of the first step of a particle physics analysis: selection, filtering, basic vector operations, and filling histograms. The High Luminosity run of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), scheduled to start in 2026, will require physicists to regularly skim datasets that are over a PB in size, and repeatedly run over datasets that are 100's of TB's - too big to fit in memory. Declarative programming techniques are a way of separating the intent of the physicist from the mechanics of finding the data, processing the data, and using distributed computing to process it efficiently that is required to extract the plot or data desired in a timely fashion. This paper describes a prototype library that provides a framework for different sub-systems to cooperate in producing this data, using an array-programming declarative interface. This prototype has a ServiceX data-delivery sub-system and an awkward array sub-system cooperating to generate requested data. The ServiceX system runs against ATLAS xAOD data.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submission for vCHEP 2021