cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Four-pion production
Creators: name: Ecker, G.
name: Unterdorfer, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the low-energy structure derived from QCD, we extend the amplitudes for four-pion production in e+ e- annihilation and tau decays up to invariant four-pion masses of 1 GeV. Cross sections and branching ratios BR(rho^0 -> 4 pi) are compared with available data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to Proc. of QCD'02, Montpellier, July 2002, misprints corrected
Longitudinal data reveal strong genetic and weak non-genetic components of ethnicity-dependent blood DNA methylation levels
Creators: name: McKennan, Chris
name: Naughton, Katherine
name: Stanhope, Catherine
name: Meyer Kattan
name: O’Connor, George T.
name: Sandel, Megan T.
name: Visness, Cynthia M.
name: Wood, Robert A.
name: Bacharier, Leonard B.
name: Beigelman, Avraham
name: Lovinsky-Desir, Stephanie
name: Togias, Alkis
name: Gern, James E.
name: Nicolae, Dan
name: Ober, Carole
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Epigenetic architecture is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, but little is known about their relative contributions or longitudinal dynamics. Here, we studied DNA methylation (DNAm) at over 750,000 CpG sites in mononuclear blood cells collected at birth and age 7 from 196 children of primarily self-reported Black and Hispanic ethnicities to study race-associated DNAm patterns. We developed a novel Bayesian method for high-dimensional longitudinal data and showed that race-associated DNAm patterns at birth and age 7 are nearly identical. Additionally, we estimated that up to 51% of all self-reported race-associated CpGs had race-dependent DNAm levels that were mediated through local genotype and, quite surprisingly, found that genetic factors explained an overwhelming majority of the variation in DNAm levels at other, previously identified, environmentally-associated CpGs. These results indicate that race-associated blood DNAm patterns in particular, and blood DNAm levels in general, are primarily driven by genetic factors, and are not as sensitive to environmental exposures as previously suggested, at least during the first 7 years of life.
Progress towards practical qubit computation using approximate Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill codes
Creators: name: Tzitrin, Ilan
name: Bourassa, J. Eli
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
name: Sabapathy, Krishna Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Encoding a qubit in the continuous degrees of freedom of an oscillator is a promising path to error-corrected quantum computation. One advantageous way to achieve this is through Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) grid states, whose symmetries allow for the correction of any small continuous error on the oscillator. Unfortunately, ideal grid states have infinite energy, so it is important to find finite-energy approximations that are realistic, practical, and useful for applications. In the first half of this work we investigate the impact of imperfect GKP states on computational circuits independently of the physical architecture. To this end, we analyze the behaviour of the physical and logical content of normalizable GKP states through several figures of merit, employing a recently-developed modular subsystem decomposition. By tracking the errors that enter into the computational circuit due to imperfections in the GKP states, we are able to gauge the utility of these states for NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) devices. In the second half, we focus on a state preparation approach in the photonic domain wherein photon-number-resolving measurements on some modes of Gaussian states produce non-Gaussian states in others. We produce detailed numerical results for the preparation of GKP states alongside estimating the resource requirements in practical settings and probing the quality of the resulting states with the tools we develop. Our numerical experiments indicate that we can generate any state in the GKP Bloch sphere with nearly equal resources, which has implications for magic state preparation overheads.
description: 35 pages, 32 figs, 5 tables. Codes and numerical data available here https://github.com/XanaduAI/approximate-GKP-prep and related blogpost here https://medium.com/xanaduai/riding-bosonic-qubits-towards-fault-tolerant-quantum-computation-95b92c78cb43
Mathematical approaches for the clinical translation of hyperpolarised 13C imaging in oncology
Creators: name: Daniels, Charlotte Jane
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hyperpolarized Imaging
MRI
Mathematical Oncology
Cancer
Mathematical Biology
Image analysis
Segmentation
Warburg effect
Carbon 13
Hyperpolarised pyruvate
Lactate
Medical Imaging

description: Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation is an emerging clinical technique which enables the metabolism of hyperpolarised 13C-labelled molecules to be dynamically and non- invasively imaged in tissue. The ﬁrst molecule to gain clinical approval is [1-13C]pyruvate, the conversion of which to [1-13C]lactate has been shown to detect early treatment re- sponse in cancers and correlate with tumour grade. As the technique has recently been translated into humans, accurate and reliable quantitative methods are required in order to detect, analyse and compare regions of altered metabolism in patients. Furthermore, there is a requirement to understand the biological processes which govern lactate pro- duction in tumours in order to draw reliable conclusions from this data. This work begins with a comprehensive analysis of the quantitative methods which have previously been applied to hyperpolarised 13C data and compares these to some novel approaches. The most appropriate kinetic model to apply to hyperpolarised data is determined and some simple, robust quantitative metrics are identiﬁed which are suitable for clinical use. A means of automatically segmenting 5D hyperpolarised imaging data using a fuzzy Markov random ﬁeld approach is presented in order to reliably identify regions of abnormal metabolic activity. The utility of the algorithm is demonstrated on both in silico and animal data. To gain insight into the processes driving lactate metabolism, a mathematical model is developed which is capable of simulating tumour growth and treatment response under a range of metabolic and tissue conditions, focusing on the interaction between tumour and stroma. Finally, hyperpolarised 13C-pyruvate imaging data from the ﬁrst human subjects to be imaged in Cambridge is analysed. The ability to detect and quantify lactate production in patients is demonstrated through application of the methods derived in earlier chapters. The mathematical approaches presented in this work have the potential to inform both the analysis and interpretation of clinical hyperpolarised 13C imaging data and to aid in the clinical translation of this technique.
description: Joint funded by GlaxoSmithKline and the Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
Analysis of Australian Consumer Preference for pST-Pork Products
Creators: name: Halbrendt, Catherine
name: Pesek, John
name: April, Parsons
name: Lindner, Robert
name: Halbrendt, Catherine
name: Pesek, John
name: April, Parsons
name: Lindner, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Conjoint measurement was used to determine consumer preference for pork produced with genetically engineered porcine somatotropin (pST). A preference model was constructed based on three pork attributes, fat reduction, price and technology, which allowed for estimable interactions between attributes. Interview surveys were used to collect conjoint data in several shopping centres in three cities. Respondents generally preferred leaner pST-produced pork, but only at fat reduction levels greater than currently attainable with conventional technology.
A Reappraisal of the Solar Photospheric C/O Ratio
Creators: name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Lambert, David L.
name: Asplund, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate determination of photospheric solar abundances requires detailed modeling of the solar granulation and accounting for departures from local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE). We argue that the forbidden C I line at 8727 A is largely immune to departures from LTE, and can be realistically modeled using LTE radiative transfer in a time-dependent three-dimensional simulation of solar surface convection. We analyze the [C I] line in the solar flux spectrum to derive the abundance log epsilon(C)= 8.39 +/- 0.04 dex. Combining this result with our parallel analysis of the [O I] 6300 A line, we find C/O=0.50 +/- 0.07, in agreement with the ratios measured in the solar corona from gamma-ray spectroscopy and solar energetic particles.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in ApJL July 10
Full reduction of large finite random Ising systems by RSRG
Creators: name: Efrat, Avishay
name: Schwartz, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how to evaluate approximately various physical interesting quantities in random Ising systems by direct renormalization of a finite system. The renormalization procedure is used to reduce the number of degrees of freedom to a number that is small enough, enabling direct summing over the surviving spins. This procedure can be used to obtain averages of functions of the surviving spins. We show how to evaluate averages that involve spins that do not survive the renormalization procedure. We show, for the random field Ising model, how to obtain the "connected" 2-spin correlation function and the "disconnected" 2-spin correlation function. Consequently, we show how to obtain the average susceptibility and the average energy. For an Ising system with random bonds and random fields we show how to obtain the average specific heat. We conclude by presenting our numerical results for the average susceptibility and the "connected" 2-spin correlation function along one of the principal axes. (We believe this to be the first time, where the full three dimensional correlation is calculated and not just parameters like Nu or Eta.) The results for the average susceptibility are used to extract the critical temperature and critical exponents of the 3D random field Ising system.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures
Study on the $Ω_{c}^{0}$ States Decaying to $Ξ_{c}^{+}K^{-}$ in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$, 13 TeV
Creators: name: Xu, Hong-ge
name: Chen, Gang
name: Yan, Yu-Liang
name: Zhou, Dai-Mei
name: Zheng, Liang
name: Xie, Yi-Long
name: She, Zhi-Lei
name: Sa, Ben-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of strange particles $Ξ_{c}^{+}, K^{-}$ is simulated in mid-rapidity $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with $0.2 \leq pt \leq 6$~GeV/c using the {\footnotesize PACIAE} model. The results are consistent with LHCb experimental data on $Ξ_{c}^{+}$ and $K^{-}$ yield. Then, a dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence ({\footnotesize DCPC}) model plus {\footnotesize PACIAE} model was used to produce the $Ξ_{c}^{+}K^{-}$ bound states and study the narrow excited $Ω_{c}^{0}$ states through $Ω_{c}^{0} \to Ξ_{c}^{+}K^{-}$ in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 13 TeV. The yield, transverse momentum distribution, and rapidity distribution of the five new excited $Ω_{c}^{0}$ states of $Ω_{c}(3000)^{0}$, $Ω_{c}(3050)^{0}$, $Ω_{c}(3066)^{0}$,$Ω_{c}(3090)^{0}$and $Ω_{c}(3119)^{0}$ were predicted.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The Maximal Abelian Gauge in SU(3) Lattice Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Tucker, William W.
name: Stack, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We gauge fix 600 SU(3) beta=6.0 configurations on a 16^4 lattice to a simple form of the maximal abelian gauge. We project the SU(3) valued links to the U(1)xU(1) subgroup, and extract U(1)xU(1) and monopole string tensions. After gauge fixing to the indirect center gauge, the U(1)xU(1) links are projected to Z(3) and a vortex string tension is measured. The vortex and magnetic current densities are measured.
description: Lattice2001(confinement), 3 pages, 1 figure
Electrodynamics in the zero-point field: on the equilibrium spectral energy distribution and the origin of inertial mass
Creators: name: Ibison, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attempts at an electromagnetic explanation of the inertial mass of charged particles have recently been revived within the framework of Stochastic Electrodynamics, characterized by the adoption of a classical version of the electromagnetic zero-point field (ZPF). Recent claims of progress in that area have to some extent received support from related claims that the classical equilibrium spectrum of charged matter is that of the classically conceived ZPF. The purpose of this note is to suggest that some strong qualifications should accompany these claims. It is pointed out that a classical massless charge cannot acquire mass from nothing as a result of immersion in any EM field, and therefore that the ZPF alone cannot provide a full explanation of inertial mass. Of greater concern, it is observed that the peculiar circumstances under which classical matter is in equilibrium with the ZPF do not concur with observation.
Full-bandwidth Eliashberg theory of superconductivity beyond Migdal's approximation
Creators: name: Schrodi, Fabian
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Aperis, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the anisotropic, full-bandwidth and non-adiabatic Eliashberg equations for phonon-mediated superconductivity by fully including the first vertex correction in the electronic self-energy. The non-adiabatic equations are solved numerically here without further approximations, for a one-band model system. We compare the results to those that we obtain by adiabatic full-bandwidth, as well as Fermi-surface restricted Eliashberg-theory calculations. We find that non-adiabatic contributions to the superconducting gap can be positive, negative or negligible, depending on the dimensionality of the considered system, the degree of non-adiabaticity, and the coupling strength. We further examine non-adiabatic effects on the transition temperature and the electron-phonon coupling constant. Our treatment emphasizes the importance of overcoming previously employed approximations in estimating the impact of vertex corrections on superconductivity and opens a pathway to systematically study vertex correction effects in systems such as high-$T_c$, flat band and low-carrier density superconductors.
description: version enriched with more results and discussions, 14 pages, 7 figures. Published as PRB Editors' Suggestion
Radiatively Driven Plasma Jets around Compact Objects
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Indranil
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter accreting onto black holes may develop shocks due to the centrifugal barrier. A part of inflowing matter in the post-shock flow is deflected along the axis in the form of jets. Post-shock flow which behaves like a Compton cloud has `hot' electrons emiting high energy photons. We study the effect of these `hot' photons on the outflowing matter. Radiation from this region could accelerate the outflowing matter but radiation pressure should also slow it down. We show that the radiation drag restricts the flow from attaining a very high velocity. We introduce the concept of an `equilibrium velocity' ($v_{eq} \sim 0.5c$) which sets the upper limit of the terminal velocity achieved by a cold plasma due to radiation deposition force in the absence of gravity. If the injection energy is $E_{in}$, then we find that the terminal velocity $v_\infty$ satisfies a relation $v_\infty^2 \lsim v_{eq}^2 + 2 E_{in}$.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Efficiency-prediction and enhancements of automotive manual transmissions
Creators: name: Laderou, Angela
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Manual transmission efficiency has always been of great significance for the automotive industry, especially since the need for more efficient cars and lower emissions has been dominant among the automotive market. In this thesis a 6-speed manual transmission has been investigated as a case study with the target to identify the most power consuming components as well as the factors that mostly affect them. In addition, new technologies proposed in the relevant literature have been evaluated in order to discover those that could provide the highest increase on total transmission efficiency. To meet the above mentioned goal, a novel comprehensive system level model is developed and validated. The first stage of this research project was a thorough literature review that clarified the most power consuming components of manual transmissions and the conditions that apply during their operation. [Continues.]
Measuring starspots on magnetically active stars with the VLTI
Creators: name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Hubrig, S.
name: Posselt, B.
name: von der Luehe, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present feasibility studies to directly image stellar surface features, which are caused by magnetic activity, with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). We concentrate on late type magnetically active stars, for which the distribution of starspots on the surface has been inferred from photometric and spectroscopic imaging analysis. The study of the surface spot evolution during consecutive rotation cycles will allow first direct measurements (apart from the Sun) of differential rotation which is the central ingredient of magnetic dynamo processes. The VLTI will provide baselines of up to 200 m, and two scientific instruments for interferometric studies at near- and mid-infrared wavelengths. Imaging capabilities will be made possible by closure-phase techniques. We conclude that a realistically modeled cool surface spot can be detected on stars with angular diameters exceeding ~2 mas using the VLTI with the first generation instrument AMBER. The spot parameters can then be derived with reasonable accuracy. We discuss that the lack of knowledge of magnetically active stars of the required angular size, especially in the southern hemisphere, is a current limitation for VLTI observations of these surface features.
description: Submitted to AN (refereed proceedings of "1st Potsdam Thinkshop on Sunspots and Starspots", Potsdam, Germany, May 2002), 10 pages
Orthogonality Catastrophe as a Consequence of the Quantum Speed Limit
Creators: name: Fogarty, Thomás
name: Deffner, Sebastian
name: Busch, Thomas
name: Campbell, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable feature of quantum many-body systems is the orthogonality catastrophe which describes their extensively growing sensitivity to local perturbations and plays an important role in condensed matter physics. Here we show that the dynamics of the orthogonality catastrophe can be fully characterized by the quantum speed limit and, more specifically, that any quenched quantum many-body system whose variance in ground state energy scales with the system size exhibits the orthogonality catastrophe. Our rigorous findings are demonstrated by two paradigmatic classes of many-body systems -- the trapped Fermi gas and the long-range interacting Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick spin model.
description: 4.5+1 pages. 3+1 figures. Close to published version
Renaissance humanism in England, c.1490-c.1530
Creators: name: Crown, Jessica
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: humanism
education
rhetoric
Renaissance
John Holt
John Colet
St Paul's School
William Lily
Cardinal Wolsey
Ipswich College
Erasmus
Richard Croke
Leonard Cox
Thomas Lupset
Early modern history
Renaissance dialogues

description: This dissertation explores humanism, the rediscovery of the culture of ancient Greece and Rome, in late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century England. It does so with reference to texts, institutional settings, and networks both within and beyond England, and examines the activities of several seemingly minor figures who have been absent from recent scholarship on the topic: John Holt, William Lily, Richard Croke, Leonard Cox, and Thomas Lupset. These figures made distinctive and original contributions to the genres in which they operated, whether the grammatical manual, educational treatise, dialogue, or philosophical meditation. They are also noteworthy for their considerable influence, whether in England or further abroad. With regard to Croke and Cox, the integration of previously unknown sources from France and Germany and overlooked ones from eastern Europe reveals that England could be an exporter and not merely an importer of humanism. Taken together, these individuals demonstrate that English humanism was more sophisticated and complex than its frequent characterisation as ‘Erasmian’ would suggest. In addition, this dissertation analyses the influence of humanism on two school foundations: St Paul’s School and Ipswich College. It re-evaluates the portrayal of John Colet as an anti-intellectual, and understands St Paul’s as a deeply personal endeavour, reflecting his desire to do better for the next generation. It establishes the depth and significance of humanism in Cardinal Wolsey’s foundation of Ipswich College, hitherto accorded less importance by historians than his Oxford college. The examination of the little-known materials he published on the eve of his fall in 1529, together with reports from staff on its progress, show that he regarded it as central to his ambitious vision for England and to the creation of his own reputation as a civic humanist. This research therefore revises our understanding of a neglected period, and engages with the vexed questions at the heart of the study of humanism: how contemporaries dealt with the tension between their faith and their enthusiasm for pagan culture, and regarded the rival attractions of scholarly leisure and active public service.
description: Arts and Humanities Research Council
Modelling Indian Wheat and Rice Sector Policies
Creators: name: Kozicka, Marta
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Saini, Shweta
name: Brockhaus, Jan
name: Kozicka, Marta
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Saini, Shweta
name: Brockhaus, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: India
subject: stocks
subject: fiscal costs
subject: food grain policies
subject: NFSA
subject: wheat
subject: rice

description: This paper serves to disentangle the complex system of Indian food policies related to wheat and rice procurement, storage, distribution and trade. Using nationally aggregated time series data, these policies are econometrically analysed. Based on the estimation results, their market implications are assessed. Eventually, different scenarios, including the implementation of the National Food Security Act, are simulated with respect to fiscal costs and public stocks.
First-Principles Study on Peierls Instability in Infinite Single-Row Al Wires
Creators: name: Ono, Tomoya
name: Hirose, Kikuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the relation between the atomic and spin-electronic structures of infinite single-row atomic wires made of Al atoms during their elongation using first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations. Our study reveals that the Peierls transition indeed occurs in the wire with magnetic ordering: it ruptures to form a trimerized structure with antiferromagnetic ordering and changes from a conductor to an insulator just before forming a linear wire of equally-spaced atoms. The formation of the trimerized wire is discussed in terms of the behavior of the $σ$-symmetry bands of the Al wire.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
ASNets: Deep Learning for Generalised Planning
Creators: name: Toyer, Sam
name: Trevizan, Felipe
name: Thiébaux, Sylvie
name: Xie, Lexing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss the learning of generalised policies for probabilistic and classical planning problems using Action Schema Networks (ASNets). The ASNet is a neural network architecture that exploits the relational structure of (P)PDDL planning problems to learn a common set of weights that can be applied to any problem in a domain. By mimicking the actions chosen by a traditional, non-learning planner on a handful of small problems in a domain, ASNets are able to learn a generalised reactive policy that can quickly solve much larger instances from the domain. This work extends the ASNet architecture to make it more expressive, while still remaining invariant to a range of symmetries that exist in PPDDL problems. We also present a thorough experimental evaluation of ASNets, including a comparison with heuristic search planners on seven probabilistic and deterministic domains, an extended evaluation on over 18,000 Blocksworld instances, and an ablation study. Finally, we show that sparsity-inducing regularisation can produce ASNets that are compact enough for humans to understand, yielding insights into how the structure of ASNets allows them to generalise across a domain.
description: Journal extension of AAAI'18 paper (arXiv:1709.04271)
Quenched twisted mass QCD at small quark masses and in large volume
Creators: name: Della Morte, M.
name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Heitger, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a test of quenched lattice twisted mass QCD, we compute the non-perturbatively O($a$) improved pseudoscalar and vector meson masses and the pseudoscalar decay constant down to $M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V} = 0.467(13)$ at $β=6$ in large volume. We check the absence of exceptional configurations and -- by further data at $β=6.2$ -- the size of scaling violations. The CPU time cost for reaching a given accuracy is close to that with ordinary Wilson quarks at $M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V} \simeq 0.6$ and grows smoothly as $M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V}$ decreases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.)
No confinement without Coulomb confinement
Creators: name: Zwanziger, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the physical potential $V_D(R)$ of an external quark-antiquark pair in the representation $D$ of SU(N), to the color-Coulomb potential $V_{\rm coul}(R)$ which is the instantaneous part of the 44-component of the gluon propagator in Coulomb gauge, $D_{44}(\vx,t) = V_{\rm coul}(|\vx|) δ(t)$ + (non-instantaneous). We show that if $V_D(R)$ is confining, $\lim_{R \to \infty}V_D(R) = + \infty$, then the inequality $V_D(R) \leq - C_D V_{\rm coul}(R)$ holds asymptotically at large $R$, where $C_D > 0$ is the Casimir in the representation $D$. This implies that $ - V_{\rm coul}(R)$ is also confining.
description: 9 pages
Supplementary document for Optical vortices in multihelicoidal fibers with torsional mechanic stress - 6834449.pdf
Creators: name: Alexeyev, C.
name: Barshak, Elena
name: Lapin, Boris
name: Yavorsky, Maxim
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: additional formulae
Symmetries of post-Galilean expansions
Creators: name: Gomis, Joaquim
name: Kleinschmidt, Axel
name: Palmkvist, Jakob
name: Salgado-Rebolledo, Patricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we study an infinite extension of the Galilei symmetry group in any dimension that can be thought of as a non-relativistic or post-Galilean expansion of the Poincare symmetry. We find an infinite-dimensional vector space on which this generalized Galilei group acts and usual Minkowski space can be modeled by our construction. We also construct particle and string actions that are invariant under these transformations.
description: 6 pages
A catalogue of damped Lyman alpha absorption systems and radio flux densities of the background quasars
Creators: name: Curran, S. J.
name: Webb, J. K.
name: Murphy, M. T.
name: Bandiera, R.
name: Corbelli, E.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalogue of the 322 damped Lyman alpha absorbers taken from the literature. All damped Lyman alpha absorbers are included, with no selection on redshift or quasar magnitude. Of these, 123 are candidates and await confirmation using high resolution spectroscopy. For all 322 objects we catalogue the radio properties of the background quasars, where known. Around 60 quasars have radio flux densities above 0.1 Jy and approximately half of these have optical magnitudes brighter than V = 18. This compilation should prove useful in several areas of extragalactic/cosmological research.
description: 26 Pages, 12 PS tables, 1 embedded table. Accepted by PASA. Continuously updated online catalogue available at http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~sjc/dla
Glueballs and topology with O(a)-improved lattice QCD
Creators: name: Hart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for unquenching effects in N_f=2, 16^3 32 ensembles by comparing with `equivalent' quenched data at r_0~5.0. A (small) VEV for torelons signals (weak) string breaking. A 15-20 % reduction in the scalar glueball mass relative to quenched is argued to be (in part at least) a discretisation effect. We find a chiral suppression of the topological susceptibility consistent with expectations, and agreement between fermionic and gluonic methods for measuring the topological charge.
description: 4pp LaTeX, 4 EPS figures. Contribution to Lattice2001(confinement)
Reevaluating Reactor Antineutrino Anomalies with Updated Flux Predictions
Creators: name: Berryman, Jeffrey
name: Huber, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hints for the existence of a sterile neutrino at nuclear reactors are reexamined using two updated predictions for the fluxes of antineutrinos produced in fissions. These new predictions diverge in their preference for the rate deficit anomaly, relative to previous analyses, but the anomaly in the ratios of measured antineutrino spectra persists. We comment on upcoming experiments and their ability to probe the preferred region of the sterile-neutrino parameter space in the electron neutrino disappearance channel.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Romans 9:14-18 and John Piper's The Justification of God
Creators: name: Williams, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Election
Sovereignty of God
Predestination
Romans 9
Apostle Paul
Moses and Pharaoh
Calvinism
John Piper
Arminianism
T.U.L.I.P.
Theology of Paul
Covenants
Mercy of God
God's Hardening Work
Epistle of Romans

description: In this third of four papers, as partial requirement for my Ph.D. in Biblical Studies, I examine John Piper’s exegesis of Romans 9:14-18 in his book, The Justification of God: An Exegetical and Theological Study of Romans 9:1-23. The first two papers dealt with 9:1-5 and 9:6-13 and are available on this site. As with the first two, Piper seeks to give a coherent Calvinist interpretation of Paul’s words. In this section, he focuses on Paul’s quotations of the two Exodus verses (Exodus 33:19 in Romans 9:15 and Exodus 9:16 in Romans 9:17). His point is that God’s bestowal of mercy to sinful Israel and his hardening of sinful Pharaoh show his divine prerogative to show mercy to whom he will for salvation and to harden others to damnation. For those who have read my first two papers, you will know that though I greatly admire John Piper, I disagree with his exegesis and exposition. You, the reader, must determine if I have a sound basis for disagreeing with Piper and if I have a solid understanding of Paul’s important words. Let me know! Some academic sites allow you to Message me on the site. Some do not, but you can always reach me at this address: jonathan@WGSministries.org. I would love to hear from you.
Phase dynamics after connection of two separate Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Zapata, I.
name: Sols, F.
name: Leggett, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of the relative phase following the connection of two independently formed Bose-Einstein condensates. Dissipation is assumed to be due to the creation of quasiparticles induced by a fluctuating condensate particle number. The coherence between different values of the phase, which is characteristic of the initial Fock state, is quickly lost after the net exchange of a few atoms has taken place. This process effectively measures the phase and marks the onset of a semiclassical regime in which the system undergoes Bloch oscillations around the initial particle number. These fast oscillations excite quasiparticles within each condensate and the system relaxes at a longer time scale until it displays low-energy, damped Josephson plasma oscillations, eventually coming to a halt when the equilibrium configuration is finally reached.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Physical Review A
A Large-scale FAIR Research Data Infrastructure for Environmental Time Series Data
Creators: name: Loup, Ulrich
name: Heß, Robin
name: Kunkel, Ralf
name: Faber, Claas
name: Brinckmann, Nils
name: Hanisch, Marc
name: Rambhia, Mihir
name: Lorenz, Christof
name: Schäfer, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In Environmental Sciences, Time-series data is key to, for example, monitoring environmental processes and validating Earth system models. A major issue is the lack of a consistent data availability standard aligned with the FAIR principles, but the Helmholtz Earth and Environment DataHub is working with the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration project STAMPLATE to address this.

The seven participating research centers are building a large-scale infrastructure using the Open Geospatial Consortium's SensorThings API (STA) as the central data interface. It is linked to other community-driven tools, such as sensor and device management systems, data ingestion systems, and the Earth Data Portal (www.earth-data.de) with highly customizable viewers.

Our custom, semantic metadata profile augments STA’s core data model with domain-specific information. This ensures that metadata entered in any user self-service is also displayed in the Earth Data Portal along with the ingested data.

The operationalization of the framework and its subsequent integration into research data workflows is imminent, thereby rendering long-term, nationwide measurements spanning decades available. Concurrently, our RDM processes are undergoing a transformative shift, moving from manual, person-based to self-organized, digital-supported workflows.

This poster presents the fundamental elements of our initiative and the associated challenges. It also encourages new domains to get involved.
Constraints on the Diffuse Flux of Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos from Four Years of Askaryan Radio Array Data in Two Stations
Creators: name: ARA Collaboration
name: Allison, P.
name: Archambault, S.
name: Beatty, J. J.
name: Beheler-Amass, M.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Beydler, M.
name: Chen, C. C.
name: Chen, C. H.
name: Chen, P.
name: Clark, B. A.
name: Clay, W.
name: Connolly, A.
name: Cremonesi, L.
name: Davies, J.
name: de Kockere, S.
name: de Vries, K. D.
name: Deaconu, C.
name: Duvernois, M.
name: Friedman, E.
name: Gaior, R.
name: Hanson, J.
name: Hanson, K.
name: Hoffman, K. D.
name: Hokanson-Fasig, B.
name: Hong, E.
name: Hsu, S. Y.
name: Hu, L.
name: Huang, J. J.
name: Huang, M. -H.
name: Hughes, K.
name: Ishihara, A.
name: Karle, A.
name: Kelley, J. L.
name: Khandelwal, R.
name: Kim, K. -C.
name: Kim, M. -C.
name: Kravchenko, I.
name: Kurusu, K.
name: Landsman, H.
name: Latif, U. A.
name: Laundrie, A.
name: Li, C. -J.
name: Liu, T. -C.
name: Lu, M. -Y.
name: Madison, B.
name: Mase, K.
name: Meures, T.
name: Nam, J.
name: Nichol, R. J.
name: Nir, G.
name: Novikov, A.
name: Nozdrina, A.
name: Oberla, E.
name: O'Murchadha, A.
name: Osborn, J.
name: Pan, Y.
name: Pfendner, C.
name: Roth, J.
name: Sandstrom, P.
name: Seckel, D.
name: Shiao, Y. -S.
name: Shultz, A.
name: Smith, D.
name: Torres, J.
name: Touart, J.
name: van Eijndhoven, N.
name: Varner, G. S.
name: Vieregg, A. G.
name: Wang, M. -Z.
name: Wang, S. -H.
name: Wissel, S. A.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Young, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy (UHE, $>10^{17}$ eV) neutrino detector designed to observe neutrinos by searching for the radio waves emitted by the relativistic products of neutrino-nucleon interactions in Antarctic ice. In this paper, we present constraints on the diffuse flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos between $10^{16}-10^{21}$ eV resulting from a search for neutrinos in two complementary analyses, both analyzing four years of data (2013-2016) from the two deep stations (A2, A3) operating at that time. We place a 90 % CL upper limit on the diffuse all flavor neutrino flux at $10^{18}$ eV of $EF(E)=5.6\times10^{-16}$ $\textrm{cm}^{-2}$$\textrm{s}^{-1}$$\textrm{sr}^{-1}$. This analysis includes four times the exposure of the previous ARA result, and represents approximately 1/5 the exposure expected from operating ARA until the end of 2022.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; Accepted to PRD
Assessment of the physicochemical properties of chrysotile-containing brake debris pertaining to toxicity
Creators: name: Boyles, Matthew S. P.
name: Poland, Craig A.
name: Raftis, Jennifer
name: Duffin, Rodger
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: Grinding and drilling of chrysotile asbestos-containing brake pads during the 20th century led to release of chrysotile, resulting in varying levels of workplace exposures of mechanics. Despite exposures, excess risk of mesothelioma remains in doubt. Objectives: The toxicity of particulates is primarily derived through a combination of physicochemical properties and dose and as such this study aimed to determine properties of asbestos-containing brake debris (BD) which may influence pathogenicity and potential of mesothelioma. Materials and Methods: Chrysotile-containing brake pads were ground – to reflect occupational activities, aerosolized, and size-fractionated to isolate respirable fractions. Analysis of morphology, biodurability, surface charge, and interactions with macrophages were undertaken. Results: The respirable fraction of BD contained ∼15–17% free chrysotile fibers thereby constituting a small but relevant potential long fiber dose. Acellular biodurability studies showed rapid dissolution and fragmentation of chrysotile fibers that was consistent for pure chrysotile control and BD samples. Conclusions: The long, free, respirable chrysotile fibers were present in BD, yet were of low bio-durability; incubation in artificial lysosomal fluid led to destruction of free fibers.
A computational EXFOR database
Creators: name: Schnabel, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The EXFOR library is a useful resource for many people in the field of nuclear physics. In particular, the experimental data in the EXFOR library serves as a starting point for nuclear data evaluations. There is an ongoing discussion about how to make evaluations more transparent and reproducible. One important ingredient may be convenient programmatic access to the data in the EXFOR library from high-level languages. To this end, the complete EXFOR library can be converted to a MongoDB database. This database can be conveniently searched and accessed from a wide variety of programming languages, such as C++, Python, Java, Matlab, and R. This contribution provides some details about the successful conversion of the EXFOR library to a MongoDB database and shows simple usage examples to underline its merits. All codes required for the conversion have been made available online and are open-source. In addition, a Dockerfile has been created to facilitate the installation process.
description: 4 pages, ND2019 conference
Bhabha vs. Moller scattering as a contact-interaction analyzer at a polarized Linear Collider
Creators: name: Pankov, A. A.
name: Paver, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss electron-electron contact-interaction searches in the Bhabha and Moller processes at planned Linear Colliders run in the electron-positron and electron-electron modes, with longitudinally polarized beams. Our analysis is based on the measurement, for the two processes, of polarized differential cross sections that allow to disentangle the different, independent, four-fermion couplings. We evaluate by a model-independent analysis the sensitivities to the contact coupling constants, emphasizing the role of the available beam polarization and the complementarity of the two processes in giving the best limits. We also make a comparison with the potential of $e^+e^-\toμ^+μ^-$ at the same energy and beams polarization.
description: 18 latex pages, 15 eps figs., some misprints corrected and added refs
A general catalytic β-C–H carbonylation of aliphatic amines to β-lactams
Creators: name: Chappell, Benjamin Graham Neil
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Palladium
subject: C–H activation
subject: Carbonylation
subject: Catalysis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Beta lactams
subject: Aliphatic amines

description: Carbonyl compounds are of central importance to organic chemistry and their reactions have been described as the ‘backbone of organic synthesis’. Over recent decades, palladium-catalysed C–H carbonylation reactions have emerged as a powerful means of introducing carbonyl motifs to organic molecules. This thesis describes the development of a general C–H carbonylation reaction of secondary aliphatic amines, which provides facile access to synthetically useful β-lactam products. The first part of the thesis explores the scope and limitations of this reaction. Whilst previous C(sp3)–H carbonylation methodologies were restricted to ‘Type F’ secondary aliphatic amines, the reaction described in this thesis was found to be broadly applicable all structural sub-classes of secondary aliphatic amine. Furthermore, the reaction was found to be remarkably tolerant of functional groups, even those that commonly cause issues in palladium-catalysed C–H activation reactions such as heteroaromatics and thioethers. The second part of this thesis investigates the mechanism of this C–H carbonylation reaction. Interestingly, the reaction was found not to proceed via a traditional C–H carbonylation mechanism comprising of C–H activation, 1,1-migratory carbon monoxide insertion and reductive elimination. Instead, a new mechanistic paradigm for palladium-catalysed C–H carbonylation is proposed, which invokes a putative ‘palladium anhydride’ intermediate. A series of DFT calculations and experiments were conducted in order to support this mechanistic proposal. The work described within this PhD thesis was published in Science.
description: Herchel Smith Scholarship Trinity College External Research Scholarship
Breathing modes in few-layer MoTe$_2$ activated by h-BN encapsulation
Creators: name: Grzeszczyk, M.
name: Molas, M. R.
name: Bartoš, M.
name: Nogajewski, K.
name: Potemski, M.
name: Babiński, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The encapsulation of few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is known to improve significantly their optical and electronic properties. However, it may be expected that the h-BN encapsulation may affect also vibration properties of TMDs due to an atomically flat surface of h-BN layers. In order to study its effect on interlayer interactions in few-layer TMDs, we investigate low-energy Raman scattering spectra of bi- and trilayer MoTe$_2$. Surprisingly, three breathing modes are observed in the Raman spectra of the structures deposited on or encapsulated in h-BN as compared to a single breathing mode for the flakes deposited on a SiO$_2$/Si substrate. The shear mode is not affected by changing the MoTe$_2$ environment. The emerged structure of breathing modes is ascribed to the apparent interaction between the MoTe$_2$ layer and the bottom h-BN flake. The structure becomes visible due to a high-quality surface of the former flake. Consequently, the observed triple structure of breathing modes originates from the combination modes due to interlayer and layer-substrate interactions. Our results confirm that the h-BN encapsulation affects substantially vibration properties of layered materials.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures