cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lateral beam shifts and depolarization upon oblique reflection from dielectric mirrors
Creators: name: Xiao, Yuzhe
name: Phuttitarn, Linipun
name: Graham, Trent Michael
name: Wan, Chenghao
name: Saffman, Mark
name: Kats, Mikhail A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric mirrors comprising thin-film multilayers are widely used in optical experiments because they can achieve substantially higher reflectance compared to metal mirrors. Here we investigate potential problems that can arise when dielectric mirrors are used at oblique incidence, in particular for focused beams. We found that light beams reflected from dielectric mirrors can experience lateral beam shifts, beam-shape distortion, and depolarization, and these effects have a strong dependence on wavelength, incident angle, and incident polarization. Because vendors of dielectric mirrors typically do not share the particular layer structure of their products, we designed and simulated several dielectric-mirror stacks, and then also measured the lateral beam shift from two commercial dielectric mirrors and one coated metal mirror. We hope that this paper brings awareness of the tradeoffs between dielectric mirrors and front-surface metal mirrors in certain optics experiments, and suggest that vendors of dielectric mirrors provide information about beam shifts, distortion, and depolarization when their products are used at oblique incidence.
Identifying Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in TCGA Database
Creators: name: Chang, Regina
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2016

description: Chronic inflammation increases the risk of developing cancer. We aim to investigate the molecular pathway of inflammation induced cancer by comparing gene expression in colorectal (CRC) tumors of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to sporatic colorectal tumors. Since mRNA microarray data of IBD induced CRC is not readily available, we attempt to isolate IBD patients in a public database based on their gene expression signatures.
Design rules for controlling active topological defects
Creators: name: Shankar, Suraj
name: Scharrer, Luca V. D.
name: Bowick, Mark J.
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological defects play a central role in the physics of many materials, including magnets, superconductors and liquid crystals. In active fluids, defects become autonomous particles that spontaneously propel from internal active stresses and drive chaotic flows stirring the fluid. The intimate connection between defect textures and active flow suggests that properties of active materials can be engineered by controlling defects, but design principles for their spatiotemporal control remain elusive. Here we propose a symmetry-based additive strategy for using elementary activity patterns, as active topological tweezers, to create, move and braid such defects. By combining theory and simulations, we demonstrate how, at the collective level, spatial activity gradients act like electric fields which, when strong enough, induce an inverted topological polarization of defects, akin to a negative susceptibility dielectric. We harness this feature in a dynamic setting to collectively pattern and transport interacting active defects. Our work establishes an additive framework to sculpt flows and manipulate active defects in both space and time, paving the way to design programmable active and living materials for transport, memory and logic.
description: 11 pages (including Methods), 5 figures. Changed title and format, final version
Trichromia declivis
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trichromia
Trichromia declivis

description: Trichromia declivis (Schaus, 1905)
Hyponerita declivis Schaus, 1905: 229.
TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Saint Jean, Maroni River.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male no. 8633 (USNM).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 199, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Seeking Direct Coastal Erosion Associated Factors in the United States Shorelines
Creators: name: Chen, Le
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2016

description: Sea-level rise is projected to have a wide range of effects on coastal environments, developments, and infrastructure. Based on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) system data, we developed a two-stage model; firstly, the Bayesian Network (BN) is used to define relationship among driving forces; secondly, the logistic regression is used to evaluate direct association for direct factors related to Shoreline Erosion. Using this two-stage approach, increased sea-level (OR: 4.03[3.72,4.38]), higher Wave Height (OR: 0.56[0.54,0.61]), smaller Tidal Range (OR: 1.68[1.52,1.87]) and smaller Coastal Slope (OR: 0.45[0.44,0.49]) are directly associated with Shoreline Erosion in Atlantic Ocean; Geomorphology setting (OR: 9.35[6.33,14.18]) in high risk regions, such as beaches, is identified as direct association with Shoreline Erosion in Gulf of Mexico; Smaller tidal range (OR: 0.10[0.04,0.27] directly associated with Shoreline Erosion in Pacific Ocean. These direct factors were evaluated predictive ability with accuracy rates 0.59 and AUC 0.63.
Supplementary document for A Schottky type GaN based UV photodetector with atomic layer deposited TiN thin film as electrodes - 5607120.pdf
Creators: name: Su, longxing
name: Zhao, Lianqi
name: Chen, Sheng-Yu
name: Deng, Yingdong
name: Pu, Ruihua
name: Wang, Ziyu
name: Xie, Jin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Developmental Delay, Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, and Early-Onset Dementia in a Man With 22q11 Deletion Syndrome and Huntington’s Disease
Creators: name: Lichtenstein, Maya
name: Filmyer, Dawn M
name: Josiassen, Richard C
name: Sullivan, Patrick F
name: Mackenzie, Ian R
name: Hirsch-Reinshagen, Veronica
name: Stowe, Robert
name: Crowley, James J
name: Evans, James P
name: Farrell, Martilias
name: Shaughnessy, Rita A
name: Berg, Jonathan S
name: Lázaro-Muñoz, Gabriel
name: Szatkiewicz, Jin
Publisher: name: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Schizophrenia usually emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood (1, 2). If cognitive deterioration occurs, it generally appears early and with relatively stable impairment over the next 5–10 years. Later in the illness, psychotic symptoms may become less intense, and there can be modest improvement in functional later in life (3–5). We present a case whose symptom onset and initial course of illness were typical (although early development was abnormal) but he evidenced notable treatment resistance. In his mid-30’s he developed progressive dementia. As this is atypical for schizophrenia, we conducted more detailed investigation.
Trichromia rhodocraspis
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trichromia
Trichromia rhodocraspis

description: Trichromia rhodocraspis (Hampson, 1909)
Hyponerita rhodocraspis Hampson, 1909: 364.
TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru, [Puno], La Oroya.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male (BMNH).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 199, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Defining the Inflammation Biomarkers of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Colorectal Carcinomas
Creators: name: Li, Jianxu
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2016

description: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn?s disease (CD) are the two common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). They share similar clinical and demographic features as well as harbor key differences in tissue damage and prognosis. Previous studies indicated that they contributed to the increased rick to Colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether UC and CD share inflammatory signatures still remains controversial. In addition, no inflammatory signatures have been reported on CRC. To answer these questions, a comprehensive study has been conducted on collected microarray datasets. Our analysis suggests that although CD and UC share common inflammatory pathways, they also present difference. Especially, CD patients are likely to have type I response, while UC patients are inclined to undergo type II response. Pathway enrichment analysis on CRC uncovered two potential CRC-specific inflammatory pathways.
Beyond “Vessels and Vectors”: A Global Review of Registered HIV-Related Clinical Trials with Pregnant Women
Creators: name: Lyerly, Anne D.
name: Sullivan, Kristen A.
name: Carter, Alice S.
name: Wickremsinhe, Marisha N.
name: Little, Margaret O.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND: Since the early 1990s, the HIV research agenda has prioritized to some degree the inclusion of pregnant women. However, concerns remain regarding the extent to which pregnant women's own health needs are addressed, representation in trials of HIV preventives or treatments for comorbidities, and equitable study of newer medications during pregnancy.
METHODS: We employed a keyword search of the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform to identify interventional HIV-related trials conducted with pregnant women between January 2001 and December 2015. Retained trials were coded according to several key variables (e.g., study endpoints, trial phase, study compound) and analyzed using information provided in the database.
RESULTS: In total, 63 trials studying use of a pharmacological compound during pregnancy were conducted across 35 countries and sponsored by 74 unique organizations, including pharmaceutical companies. Of trials analyzed, 86% (n = 54) listed maternal outcomes as a primary endpoint. More than 35% (n = 23) of trials assessed pharmacokinetic parameters of a study compound during pregnancy. Of 45 trials specifically studying HIV-related medication(s), just 4% (n = 2) focused on HIV preventives. One trial studied tuberculosis in HIV-infected pregnant women; 11 studied malaria. On average, medications were studied during pregnancy 4.4 years after licensure.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that trials with pregnant women are conducted across a range of countries and sponsors, and much progress has been made to better address pregnant women's own health needs in HIV research. However, our findings confirm other concerns, for example, lack of HIV preventives studied and the lag between medication licensure and study during pregnancy.
Essential positivity
Creators: name: Perälä, A.
name: Virtanen, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define essentially positive operators on Hilbert space as a class of self-adjoint operators whose essential spectra is contained in the nonnegative real numbers and describe their basic properties. Using Toeplitz operators and the Berezin transform, we further illustrate the notion of essential positivity in the Hardy space and the Bergman space.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
A role for long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase-4 (ACSL4) in diet-induced phospholipid remodeling and obesity-associated adipocyte dysfunction
Creators: name: Kong, Dong
name: Reeves, Andrew R.
name: Azzouny, Mahmoud A. El
name: Klett, Eric L.
name: Bowman, Thomas A.
name: Killion, Elizabeth A.
name: Lee, Mi-Jeong
name: Matthan, Nirupa R.
name: Coleman, Rosalind A.
name: Han, Xianlin
name: Greenberg, Andrew S.
name: Griffin, John D.
name: Yan, Qing-Wu
name: Newman, John W.
name: Wang, Chunyan
name: Surujon, Defne
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2018

description: OBJECTIVE: Regulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism is central to adipocyte dysfunction during diet-induced obesity (DIO). Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase-4 (ACSL4) has been hypothesized to modulate the metabolic fates of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), including arachidonic acid (AA), but the in vivo actions of ACSL4 are unknown. The purpose of our studies was to determine the in vivo role of adipocyte ACSL4 in regulating obesity-associated adipocyte dysfunction.
METHODS: We developed a novel mouse model with adipocyte-specific ablation of ACSL4 (Ad-KO) using loxP Cre recombinase technology. Metabolic phenotyping of Ad-KO mice relative to their floxed littermates (ACSL4floxed) was performed, including body weight and body composition over time; insulin and glucose tolerance tests; and energy expenditure, activity, and food intake in metabolic cages. Adipocytes were isolated for ex vivo adipocyte oxygen consumption by Clark electrode and lipidomics analysis. In vitro adipocyte analysis including oxygen consumption by Seahorse and real-time PCR analysis were performed to confirm our in vivo findings.
RESULTS: Ad-KO mice were protected against DIO, adipocyte death, and metabolic dysfunction. Adipocytes from Ad-KO mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) had reduced incorporation of AA into phospholipids (PL), free AA, and levels of the AA lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Additionally, adipocytes from Ad-KO mice fed HFD had reduced p53 activation and increased adipocyte oxygen consumption (OCR), which we demonstrated are direct effects of 4-HNE on adipocytes in vitro.
CONCLUSION: These studies are the first to elucidate ACSL4's in vivo actions to regulate the incorporation of AA into PL and downstream effects on DIO-associated adipocyte dysfunction. By reducing the incorporation of AA into PL and free fatty acid pools in adipocytes, Ad-KO mice were significantly protected against HFD-induced increases in adipose and liver fat accumulation, adipocyte death, gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR). Additionally, deficiency of adipocyte ACSL4 expression in mice fed a HFD resulted in increased gWAT adipocyte OCR and whole body energy expenditure (EE).
Trichromia impunctata
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trichromia
Trichromia impunctata

description: Trichromia impunctata (Gaede, 1928)
Hyponerita impunctata Gaede, 1928b: 31.
TYPE LOCALITY. — [Brazil], [Pará], Juruty, Obidos.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male (ZMHB).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 199, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Cisplatin-DNA adduct repair of transcribed genes is controlled by two circadian programs in mouse tissues
Creators: name: Adebali, Ogun
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Yang, Yanyan
name: Hu, Jinchuan
name: Rashid, Naim
name: Selby, Christopher P.
name: Hogenesch, John B.
name: Chiou, Yi-Ying
name: Wu, Gang
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Cisplatin is a major cancer chemotherapeutic drug. It kills cancer cells by damaging their DNA, mainly in the form of Pt-d(GpG) diadducts. However, it also has serious side effects, including nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity that limit its usefulness. Chronotherapy is taking circadian time into account during therapy to improve the therapeutic index, by improving efficacy and/or limiting toxicity. To this end, we tested the impact of clock time on excision repair of cisplatin-induced DNA damage at single-nucleotide resolution across the genome in mouse kidney and liver. We found that genome repair is controlled by two circadian programs. Repair of the transcribed strand (TS) of active, circadian-controlled genes is dictated by each gene's phase of transcription, which falls across the circadian cycle with prominent peaks at dawn and dusk. In contrast, repair of the nontranscribed strand (NTS) of all genes, repair of intergenic DNA, and global repair overall peaks at Zeitgeber time ZT08, as basal repair capacity, which is controlled by the circadian clock, peaks at this circadian time. Consequently, the TS and NTS of many genes are repaired out of phase. As most cancers are thought to have defective circadian rhythms, these results suggest that future research on timed dosage of cisplatin could potentially reduce damage to healthy tissue and improve its therapeutic index.
Dynamic metrics-based biomarkers to predict responders to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy
Creators: name: He, Hua
name: Cao, Yanguang
name: Li, Xiaobing
name: Su, Maureen A.
name: Liu, Can
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2018

description: Background Anti-PD-1 immunotherapies have shown clinical benefit in multiple cancers, but response was only observed in a subset of patients. Predicting which patients will respond is an urgent clinical need, but current companion diagnosis based on PD-L1 IHC staining shows limited predictability. Methods A dynamic, metrics-based biomarker was developed to discriminate responders from non-responders for anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice. Results Similar to patients, there was considerable heterogeneity in response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in mice. Compared with the control group, 45% of anti-PD-1 antibody-treated mice displayed improved survival (defined as responders) and the remainder only gained little, if any, survival benefit from PD-1 blockade (non-responders). Interestingly, the dynamics of IFN-γ secretion by peripheral lymphocytes was associated with faster secretion onset (shorter lag time), stronger exponential phase, shorter time to half magnitude, and higher magnitude of secretion in responders at day 10 after tumour inoculation. To sufficiently predict responders from non-responders, IFN-γ secretion descriptors as well as phenotypic markers were subjected to multivariate analysis using orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Conclusions By integrating phenotypic markers, IFN-γ secretion descriptors sufficiently predict response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Such a dynamic, metrics-based biomarker holds high diagnostic potential for anti-PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy.
Differences Of Diabetes-Related Complications And Diabetes Preventive Health Care Utilization In Asian And White Using Multiple Years National Health Survey Data
Creators: name: Li, Yonggang
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: The main purpose of this study is to examine the differences of preventive management utilizations and diabetes complications in Asian Americans and Non-Hispanic whites using multiple years (2002-2013) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). SAS for complex survey procedures were used to perform the data analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to compare the prevalence of diabetes complications and preventive management rate in Asian with white. Compared to white, the prevalence of diabetes retinopathy in Asians were higher, while the rates of neuropathy and cardiovascular complications, pneumonia shot, personally management as well as management diabetes with doctors were lower. The prevalence of routine checkup in Asian was not significantly different from the prevalence in white. More attentions should be paid on Asians for diabetes related retinopathy.
A Selected Review of Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fish and Fisheries
Creators: name: Kim, Hongsik
name: Franco, Ana C.
name: Sumaila, Ussif Rashid
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2023

description: Oxygen is crucial for the survival of marine species. Yet, the ocean has experienced a loss of approximately 2% of its oxygen inventory since the last century, resulting in adverse impacts on marine life and ecosystems. In particular, changes in the gap between the supply and demand for dissolved oxygen lead to physiological and ecological variations, which cause alterations in habitats and food webs for fish and ecosystem services. These changes vary over time and by region, and the heterogeneous characteristics of marine species bring about non-linear consequences to human society. Despite this, identifying the potential ripple effects of deoxygenation on human society is challenging due to the integrated impacts of other stressors, such as global warming and ocean acidification, and their varying changes depending on environmental conditions and regions, such as upwelling and eutrophication. Therefore, we conducted a literature review on ocean deoxygenation and its effects on fish dynamics and the ecosystem, with a focus on the environmental and societal impact, to present crucial considerations and pathways for future research on ocean deoxygenation. We found that quantitative approaches are necessary to assess the dynamic changes under deoxygenation, and the consequent effects on marine ecosystems should be verified to exploit the natural resources from the ocean. One of the most reliable approaches to quantifying the ripple impacts of deoxygenation is to model spatial and temporal changes with other climate stressors, forming a global network encompassing socio-economic and regional effects of this global change to facilitate and improve capabilities to address the impacts of ocean deoxygenation.
Common α-globin variants modify hematologic and other clinical phenotypes in sickle cell trait and disease
Creators: name: Pankratz, Nathan
name: Ulirsch, Jacob C.
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: Abecasis, Goncalo R.
name: Smith, Joshua D.
name: Lange, Ethan M.
name: Wilson, James G.
name: Auer, Paul L.
name: McCarroll, Steven A.
name: Thornton, Timothy A.
name: Lettre, Guillaume
name: Li, Yun
name: Young, Bessie A.
name: Kang, Hyun M.
name: Correa, Adolfo
name: Nickerson, Deborah A.
name: Sankaran, Vijay G.
name: Raffield, Laura M.
name: Bao, Erik L.
name: Handsaker, Robert E.
name: Jain, Deepti
name: Lessard, Samuel
name: Laurie, Cathy C.
name: Naik, Rakhi P.
name: Lange, Leslie A.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Year: 2018

description: Co-inheritance of α-thalassemia has a significant protective effect on the severity of complications of sickle cell disease (SCD), including stroke. However, little information exists on the association and interactions for the common African ancestral α-thalassemia mutation (-α3.7 deletion) and β-globin traits (HbS trait [SCT] and HbC trait) on important clinical phenotypes such as red blood cell parameters, anemia, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). In a community-based cohort of 2,916 African Americans from the Jackson Heart Study, we confirmed the expected associations between SCT, HbC trait, and the -α3.7 deletion with lower mean corpuscular volume/mean corpuscular hemoglobin and higher red blood cell count and red cell distribution width. In addition to the recently recognized association of SCT with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), we observed a novel association of the -α3.7 deletion with higher HbA1c levels. Co-inheritance of each additional copy of the -α3.7 deletion significantly lowered the risk of anemia and chronic kidney disease among individuals with SCT (P-interaction = 0.031 and 0.019, respectively). Furthermore, co-inheritance of a novel α-globin regulatory variant was associated with normalization of red cell parameters in individuals with the -α3.7 deletion and significantly negated the protective effect of α-thalassemia on stroke in 1,139 patients with sickle cell anemia from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD) (P-interaction = 0.0049). Functional assays determined that rs11865131, located in the major alpha-globin enhancer MCS-R2, was the most likely causal variant. These findings suggest that common α- and β-globin variants interact to influence hematologic and clinical phenotypes in African Americans, with potential implications for risk-stratification and counseling of individuals with SCD and SCT.
Comparing Surface and Intramuscular Electromyography for Simultaneous and Proportional Control Based on a Musculoskeletal Model: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Pan, Lizhi
name: Filer, William
name: Huang, He
name: Stallings, Jonathan W.
name: Crouch, Dustin L.
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2018

description: Simultaneous and proportional control (SPC) of neural-machine interfaces uses magnitudes of smoothed electromyograms (EMG) as control inputs. Though surface EMG (sEMG) electrodes are common for clinical neural-machine interfaces, intramuscular EMG (iEMG) electrodes may be indicated in some circumstances (e.g., for controlling many degrees of freedom). However, differences in signal characteristics between sEMG and iEMG may influence SPC performance. We conducted a pilot study to determine the effect of electrode type (sEMG and iEMG) on real-time task performance with SPC based on a novel 2-degree-of-freedom EMG-driven musculoskeletal model of the wrist and hand. Four able-bodied subjects and one transradial amputee performed a virtual posture matching task with either sEMG or iEMG. There was a trend of better task performance with sEMG than iEMG for both able-bodied and amputee subjects, though the difference was not statistically significant. Thus, while iEMG may permit targeted recording of EMG, its signal characteristics may not be as ideal for SPC as those of sEMG. The tradeoff between recording specificity and signal characteristics is an important consideration for development and clinical implementation of SPC for neural-machine interfaces.
Rees algebras and generalized depth-like conditions in prime characteristic
Creators: name: Costantini, Alessandra
name: Maddox, Kyle
name: Miller, Lance Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A35 (Primary) 13A30, 13D45, 13H10 (Secondary)

description: In this article we address a question concerning nilpotent Frobenius actions on Rees algebras and associated graded rings. We prove a nilpotent analog of a theorem of Huneke for Cohen-Macaulay singularities. This is achieved by introducing a depth-like invariant which captures as special cases Lyubeznik's F-depth and the generalized F-depth from Maddox-Miller and is related to the generalized depth with respect to an ideal. We also describe several properties of this new invariant and identify a class of regular elements for which weak F-nilpotence deforms.
description: 20 pages, comments welcome!
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE HUMAN CARDIAC SODIUM CHANNEL
Creators: name: Asfaw, Tesfaye
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Sodium ion (Na+) channels play an important role in excitable cells, as they are responsible for the initiation of action potentials. Understanding the electrical characteristics of sodium channels is essential in predicting their behavior under different physiological conditions. We investigated several Markov models for the human cardiac sodium channel (NaV1.5) to derive a minimal mathematical model that can describe the reported experimental data obtained using major voltage-clamp protocols. We obtained simulation results for current-voltage relationships, steady-state inactivation, the voltage dependence of normalized ion channel conductance; activation and deactivation, fast and slow inactivation and recovery from inactivation kinetics. Good agreement with the experimental data provides us with the mechanisms of the fast and slow inactivation of the human sodium channel and the coupling of its inactivation states to the closed and open states in the activation pathway.
Sign Patterns of J-orthogonal Matrices
Creators: name: Parnass, Caroline
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: This thesis builds upon the results in ?G-matrices, J-orthogonal matrices, and their sign patterns?, Czechoslovak Math. J. 66 (2016), 653-670, by Hall and Rozlo?zn ??k. Some general results about the sign patterns of J-orthogonal matrices are proved, including about block diagonal matrices. It is shown that every full 4 ? 4 sign pattern allows J -orthogonality and as a result that, for n ó 4, all n ? n full sign patterns allow a J-orthogonal matrix as well as a G-matrix. The 3 ? 3 sign patterns of the J -orthogonal matrices which have zero entires are also characterized.
Diverse Impacts of HIV Latency-Reversing Agents on CD8+ T-Cell Function: Implications for HIV Cure
Creators: name: Jones, R. Brad
name: Clutton, Genevieve Tyndale
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2018

description: Antiretroviral therapy regimens durably suppress HIV replication, but do not cure infection. This is partially attributable to the persistence of long-lived pools of resting CD4+ T-cells harboring latent replication-competent virus. Substantial clinical and pre-clinical research is currently being directed at purging this viral reservoir by combining pharmacological latency reversal with immune effectors, such as HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells, capable of eliminating reactivated targets-the so-called "shock-and-kill" approach. However, several studies indicate that the latency-reversing agents (LRAs) may affect CD8+ T-cell function. The current review aims to frame recent advances, and ongoing challenges, in implementing "shock-and-kill" strategies from the perspective of effectively harnessing CD8+ T-cells. We review and contextualize findings indicating that LRAs often have unintended impacts on CD8+ T-cell function, both detrimental and beneficial. We identify and attempt to bridge the gap between viral reactivation, as measured by the detection of RNA or protein, and bona fide presentation of viral antigens to CD8+ T-cells. Finally, we highlight factors on the effector (CD8+) and target (CD4+) cell sides that contribute to whether or not infected-cell recognition results in killing/elimination. These perspectives may contribute to an integrated view of "shock-and-kill," with implications for therapeutic development.
A Multiscale Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Doxorubicin to Explore its Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity and Cardiotoxicity in Human Physiological Contexts
Creators: name: Fan, Jianghong
name: Cao, Yanguang
name: Zhang, Xinyuan
name: Wu, Yun
name: He, Hua
name: Liu, Can
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2018

description: Purpose The mechanisms underlying doxorubicin cytotoxicity and cardiotoxicity were broadly explored but remain incompletely understood. A multiscale physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to assess doxorubicin dispositions at levels of system, tissue interstitial, cell, and cellular organelles. This model was adopted to explore the mechanisms-of-action/toxicity of doxorubicin in humans. Methods The PBPK model was developed by analyzing data from mice and the model was verified by scaling up to predict doxorubicin multiscale dispositions in rats and humans. The multiscale dispositions of doxorubicin in human heart and tumors were explicitly simulated to elucidate the potential mechanisms of its cytotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Results The developed PBPK model was able to adequately describe doxorubicin dispositions in mice, rats and humans. In humans, prolonged infusion, a dosing regimen with less cardiotoxicity, was predicted with substantially reduced free doxorubicin concentrations at human heart interstitium, which were lower than the concentrations associated with oxidative stress. However, prolonged infusion did not reduce doxorubicin-DNA adduct at tumor nucleus, consistent with clinical observations that prolonged infusion did not compromise anti-tumor effect, indicating that one primary anti-tumor mechanism was DNA torsion. Conclusions A multiscale PBPK model for doxorubicin was developed and further applied to explore its cytotoxic and cardiotoxic mechanisms.
Analysis of Prevalence of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Risk Factors among Adults in the United States-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014
Creators: name: Li, Tengguo
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: Oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of oropharyngeal cancer that is increasing in incidence over the last decades. However, little is known about the epidemiology of oral HPV infection. Using complex data and HPV testing results from 4724 adults collected through National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014), we estimated the prevalence of oral HPV and evaluated risk factors associated with HPV infection. The oral HPV prevalence was 7.18% for any types and 4.5% for high-risk types in adults aged 18-69 years. The prevalence varied significantly by age, demographic characteristics, and sexual history. Multiple factors including age, gender, and sexual history were identified as risk factors for oral HPV infection. Prevalence of HPV was higher in men (11.1%) than in women (3.3%). Several characteristics, including race, tobacco and alcohol use, and education, were identified as risk modifiers for HPV infection among men and women.
Trichromia incerta
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trichromia
Trichromia incerta

description: Trichromia incerta (Schaus, 1905)
Hyponerita incerta Schaus, 1905: 229.
TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Saint Jean, Maroni River.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male no. 8634 (USNM).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 199, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Influence Function-Based Empirical Likelihood And Generalized Confidence Intervals For Lorenz Curve
Creators: name: Shi, Yuyin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: This thesis aims to solve confidence interval estimation problems for Lorenz curve. First, we propose new nonparametric confidence intervals with influence function-based empirical likelihood method. It is shown that the limiting distributions of log-empirical likelihood ratios are standard Chi-square distributions. Then the ``exact'' parametric intervals based on generalized pivotal quantities for Lorenz ordinates are also developed. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed methods. Finally, our methods are applied on real income data sets.
Robustness of Variational Quantum Algorithms against stochastic parameter perturbation
Creators: name: Rabinovich, Daniil
name: Campos, Ernesto
name: Adhikary, Soumik
name: Pankovets, Ekaterina
name: Vinichenko, Dmitry
name: Biamonte, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms are tailored to perform within the constraints of current quantum devices, yet they are limited by performance-degrading errors. In this study, we consider a noise model that reflects realistic gate errors inherent to variational quantum algorithms. We investigate the decoherence of a variationally prepared quantum state due to this noise model, which causes a deviation from the energy estimation in the variational approach. By performing a perturbative analysis of optimized circuits, we determine the noise threshold at which the criteria set by the stability lemma is met. We assess our findings against the variational quantum eigensolver and quantum approximate optimization algorithm for various problems with up to 14 qubits. Moreover, we show that certain gate errors have a significantly smaller impact on the coherence of the state, allowing us to reduce the execution time without compromising performance.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, published version
A common TCN1 loss-of-function variant is associated with lower vitamin B12 concentration in African Americans
Creators: name: Zhong, Xue
name: Loos, Ruth J.F.
name: Polfus, Linda M.
name: Nadkarni, Girish
name: Correa, Adolfo
name: Wei, Qiang
name: Li, Bingshan
name: Li, Yun
name: Rich, Stephen S.
name: Wilson, James G.
name: Auer, Paul L.
name: Raffield, Laura M.
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: Preuss, Michael H.
name: NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Consortium
name: Hu, Yao
name: Moscati, Arden
Publisher: name: American Society of Hematology
Year: 2018

description: Vitamin B12 (VB12), or cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin. It
serves as an enzyme cofactor in the 1-carbon metabolism pathway,
which plays a key role in a wide range of biological processes,
including red blood cell (RBC) formation, DNA synthesis, and
myelination of the central nervous system. VB12 deficiency is
clinically associated with megaloblastic anemia and neurodegenerative
disorders and is also linked to cardiovascular diseases,
which is thought to be mediated via hyperhomocysteinemia.
Uptake of VB12 from the diet in the gastrointestinal tract depends
on intrinsic factor (encoded by GIF). VB12 in blood is bound
to haptocorrin (HC; encoded by TCN1) and transcobalamin
(encoded by TCN2) and circulates as holohaptocorrin (holoHC)
and holotranscobalamin, respectively.
Influence Function-based Empirical Likelihood Method for Kendall Rank Correlation Coefficient
Creators: name: Huang, Zhonglu
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: Correlation coefficients are used in statistics to measure the dependence between two variables. Kendall rank correlation coefficient is routinely used as a measure of association between two random variables in a number of circumstances in which the use of the Pearson correlation coefficient is inappropriate. In this thesis, we develop an influence function-based empirical likelihood interval for the Kendall rank correlation coefficient. Simulation studies are conducted to show good finite sample properties and robustness of the proposed method compared with existing methods. The proposed method is illustrated on a real UCLA graduate dataset.
Jackknife empirical likelihood methods for the income inequality lower mean ratio
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: Measuring economic inequality is a signi?cant and meaningful topic in our social system. The Gini index and Pietra ratio are used by many people, but limited to re?ecting the sampling distribution. In this thesis, we studied the interval estimates with another measure called the lower-mean ratio u, which was introduced by Elteto and Frigyes (1968). By using jackknife empirical likelihood (JEL), adjusted jackknife empirical likelihood (AJEL), mean jackknife empirical likelihood (MJEL), mean adjusted jackknife empirical likelihood (MAJEL), and adjusted mean jackknife empirical likelihood (AMJEL) methods, we proposed the interval estimator for u. In the following simulation study, we made a comparison for these methods under di?erent distributions in terms of the coverage probability and the average con?dence interval length. The results indicate that MAJEL performs best among these methods for small sample sizes of skewed distribution. For a small sample size of normal distribution, both JEL and MJEL show better performance than the other methods but MJEL is relatively time-consuming. All methods exhibit good performance for a large sample size. The two real data set analyses further illustrate the proposed methods, and the results are consistent with those in the simulation study.
Effect of hydrostatic pressure and alloying on thermoelectric properties of van der Waals solid KMgSb: An \textit{ab-initio} study
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Vikrant
name: Maitra, Tulika
name: Nautiyal, Tashi
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Kandpal, Hem C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a combined first-principles and Boltzmann transport theory, we systematically investigate the thermal and electrical transport properties of the unexplored ternary quasi two-dimensional KMgSb system of KMgX (X = P, As, Sb, and Bi) family. Herein, the transport properties of KMgSb under the application of hydrostatic pressure and alloy engineering are reported. At a carrier concentration of $\sim8\times10^{19}~\mathrm{cm^{-3}}$, the figure of merit zT ($\sim0.75$) for both the $n$-type and $p$-type of KMgSb closely matched, making it an attractive option for engineering both legs of a thermoelectric device using the same material. This is particularly desirable for high-performance thermoelectric applications. Furthermore, the zT value increases as pressure decreases, further enhancing its potential for use in thermoelectric devices. In the case of substitutional doping (replacing 50 \% Sb by Bi atom), we observed $\sim49~\%$ (in-plane) increase in the peak thermoelectric figure of merit (zT). The maximum zT value obtained after alloy engineering is $\sim1.45$ at 900~K temperature. Hydrostatic pressure is observed to be a great tool to tune the lattice thermal conductivity ($κ_L$). We observed that the negative pressure-like effects could be achieved by chemically doping bigger-size atoms, especially when $κ_L$ is a property under investigation. Through our computational investigation, we explain that hydrostatic pressure and alloy engineering may improve thermoelectric performance dramatically.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, and Supplementary Information
Jackknife Empirical Likelihood For The Correlation Coefficient With Additive Distortion Errors
Creators: name: Chen, Da
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: The calculation of correlation coefficient can be inaccurate with the existence of distortion measurement errors. Such measurement errors could act in an additive or multiplicative fashion. To study the additive model, previous research has shown residual-based estimation of correlation coefficients. The powerful tool of empirical likelihood has been used to construct the confidence interval for the correlation coefficient. However, the methods so far only perform well when sample sizes are large. With small sample size situations, the coverage of EL can be below 90%. On the basis of previous research, this article proposes new methods of interval estimation for the correlation coefficient using jackknife empirical likelihood, mean jackknife empirical likelihood and adjusted jackknife empirical likelihood. For better performance with small sample sizes, we also propose adjusted mean jackknife empirical likelihood and mean adjusted empirical likelihood. The simulation results show the best performance with mean adjusted jackknife empirical likelihood when the sample sizes are as small as 25. Real data analyses are used to illustrate the proposed approach.
Reflective Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Lewis, Peter R.
name: Sarkadi, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is about making computers that do the sorts of things that minds can do, and as we progress towards this goal, we tend to increasingly delegate human tasks to machines. However, AI systems usually do these tasks with an unusual imbalance of insight and understanding: new, deeper insights are present, yet many important qualities that a human mind would have previously brought to the activity are utterly absent. Therefore, it is crucial to ask which features of minds have we replicated, which are missing, and if that matters. One core feature that humans bring to tasks, when dealing with the ambiguity, emergent knowledge, and social context presented by the world, is reflection. Yet this capability is utterly missing from current mainstream AI. In this paper we ask what reflective AI might look like. Then, drawing on notions of reflection in complex systems, cognitive science, and agents, we sketch an architecture for reflective AI agents, and highlight ways forward.
The younger flagellum coordinates the beating in C. reinhardtii
Creators: name: Wei, Da
name: Quaranta, Greta
name: Aubin-Tam, Marie-Eve
name: Tam, Daniel S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eukaryotes swim with coordinated flagellar (ciliary) beating and steer by fine-tuning the coordination. The model organism for studying flagellate motility, C. reinhardtii (CR), employs synchronous, breast-stroke-like flagellar beating to swim, and it modulates the beating amplitudes differentially to steer. This strategy hinges on both inherent flagellar asymmetries (e.g. different response to chemical messengers) and such asymmetries being effectively coordinated in the synchronous beating. In CR, the synchrony of beating is known to be supported by a mechanical connection between flagella, however, how flagellar asymmetries persist in the synchrony remains elusive. For example, it has been speculated for decades that one flagellum leads the beating, as its dynamic properties (i.e. frequency, waveform, etc.) appear to be copied by the other one. In this study, we combine experiments, computations, and modeling efforts to elucidate the roles played by each flagellum in synchronous beating. With a non-invasive technique to selectively load each flagellum, we show that the coordinated beating essentially responds to only load exerted on the cis flagellum; and that such asymmetry in response derives from a unilateral coupling between the two flagella. Our results highlight a distinct role for each flagellum in coordination and have implication for biflagellates tactic behaviors.
Trichromia carinaria
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trichromia
Trichromia carinaria

description: Trichromia carinaria (Schaus, 1905)
Hyponerita carinaria Schaus, 1905: 229.
TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Saint Laurent, Maroni River.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male no. 8632 (USNM).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 199, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344