cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use, acculturation and socioeconomic status among Hispanic/Latino men and women: The Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Acculturation
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alcohol Drinking
Alcohol-Related Disorders
Cohort Studies
Female
Hispanic Americans
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Social Class
United States
Young Adult

description: © 2019 Castañeda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and patterns of alcohol use among U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults of diverse backgrounds. The population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) enrolled a cohort of Hispanic/ Latino adults (N = 16,415) ages 18–74 years at time of recruitment, from four US metropolitan areas between 2008–11. Drinking patterns and socio-demographics questionnaires were administered as part of the baseline examination. The relationship between age, sex, socio-demographics, acculturation, current alcohol use, and alcohol risk disorder, defined by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) [no risk (i.e., never drinker), low risk (i.e., women<7 drinks/week; men<14 drinks/week), and at-risk (i.e., women>7 drinks/week; men>14 drinks/week)] were assessed in unadjusted and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses. Men reported a higher prevalence than women of at-risk drinking. For women, increased odds of at-risk alcohol use was associated with: a younger age, greater education, full-time employment, and acculturation after adjustment. For men, having a lower income (vs. higher income) or a higher income (vs. not reported) and being employed fulltime (vs. retired) was associated with at-risk alcohol use. For both men and women, there were variations in odds of at-risk drinking across Hispanic/Latino heritage backgrounds, after adjustment. Exact values, odds ratios and p-values are reported within the text. Common factors across sex associated with at-risk drinking included being of Mexican background and being employed full-time. Intervention strategies should consider diversity within the Hispanic/Latino community when designing alcohol abuse prevention programs.
Solid-amorphous transition is related to the waterlike anomalies in a fluid without liquid-liquid phase transition
Creators: name: Bordin, José Rafael
name: Krott, Leandro B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most accepted origin for the water anomalous behavior is the phase transition between two liquids (LLPT) in the supercooled regime connected to the glassy first order phase transition at lower temperatures. Two length scales potentials are an effective approach that have long being employed to understand the properties of fluids with waterlike anomalies and, more recently, the behavior of colloids and nanoparticles. These potentials can be parameterized to have distinct shapes, as a pure repulsive ramp, such as the model proposed by de Oliveira et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 124, 64901 (2006)]. This model has waterlike anomalies despite the absence of LLPT. To unravel how the waterlike anomalies are connected to the solid phases we employ Molecular Dynamics simulations. We have analyzed the fluid-solid transition under cooling, with two solid crystalline phases, BCC and HCP, and two amorphous regions being observed. We show how the competition between the scales creates an amorphous cluster in the BCC crystal that leads to the amorphization at low temperatures. A similar mechanism is found in the fluid phase, with the system changing from a BCC-like to an amorphous-like structure in the point where a maxima in $k_T$ is observed. With this, we can relate the competition between two fluid structures with the amorphous clusterization in the BCC phase.Those findings help to understand the origins of waterlike behavior in systems without liquid-liquid critical point.
Evidence for the Importance of Invasive Dreissena veligers as a Novel Prey Item for Larval Fish
Creators: name: Marano, Ellary
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: larval fish
Lake Huron
trophic interactions

description: The establishment of invasive dreissenid mussels in the Laurentian Great Lakes has had far reaching effects, from changes in the physical structure of habitat to changes in zooplankton community composition. Adult dreissenid mussels are believed to have indirectly contributed to reductions in prey fish growth by reducing densities of important prey items such as Diporeia and zooplankton. Through these effects, dreissenid mussels have altered the prey available to fish in the critical larval stages of their lives. However, the effects of larval dreissenid mussels (also called “veligers) on fish are relatively unknown. There is potential for native and naturalized larval fish to take advantage of veligers as a novel prey item. To assess the importance of veligers in larval fish diets, we examined the stomach contents of larval burbot (Lota lota), rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), and Coregonus spp. consisting mainly of bloater (Coregonus hoyi) collected from Lake Huron in July of 2017. Preference for available environmental zooplankton prey items was evaluated using Vanderploeg and Scavia’s E*. Results indicated that veligers were rarely selected by rainbow smelt or coregonines but were in some cases highly preferred by burbot. Further, the results of a mixed model analyzing the different factors that contribute to veliger preference indicated that small and medium sized larval burbot had more positive preference for veligers than larger larval burbot, indicating that veligers could be an important prey item while larvae are gape limited and unable to consume larger zooplankton. Thus, consideration of the ability of native fish species to adapt to and exploit abundant veliger prey is necessary for managers to fully understand the positive and negative impacts of dreissenid mussels on Great Lakes food webs.
Multiplicity of solutions to GW-type approximations
Creators: name: Tandetzky, F.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the equations underlying the $GW$ approximation have a large number of solutions. This raises the question: which is the physical solution? We provide two theorems which explain why the methods currently in use do, in fact, find the correct solution. These theorems are general enough to cover a large class of similar algorithms. An efficient algorithm for including self-consistent vertex corrections well beyond $GW$ is also described and further used in numerical validation of the two theorems.
Wired to be connected? Links between mobile technology engagement, intertemporal preference and frontostriatal white matter connectivity
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: white matter
smartphones
mobile technology
delay discounting
impulsivity
reward
diffusion imaging
connectivity

description: © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. Youth around the world are increasingly dependent on social media and mobile smartphones. This phenomenon has generated considerable speculation regarding the impacts of extensive technology engagement on cognitive development and how these habits might be 'rewiring' the brains of those growing up in a heavily digital era. In an initial study conducted with healthy young adults, we utilized behavioral and self-report measures to demonstrate associations between smartphone usage habits (assessed both subjectively and objectively) and individual differences in intertemporal preference and reward sensitivity. In a follow-up neuroimaging study, we used probabilistic tractography of diffusion-weighted images to determine how these individual difference characteristics might relate to variation in white matter connectivity, focusing on two dissociable pathways-one connecting the ventral striatum (vSTR) with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the other connecting the vSTR with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Regression analyses revealed opposing patterns of association, with stronger vSTR-vmPFC connectivity corresponding to increased mobile technology engagement but stronger vSTR-dlPFC connectivity corresponding to decreased engagement. Taken together, the results of these two studies provide important foundational evidence for both neural and cognitive factors that can be linked to how individuals engage with mobile technology.
Astrophysical properties of 15062 Gaia DR3 gravity-mode pulsators: pulsation amplitudes, rotation, and spectral line broadening
Creators: name: Aerts, Conny
name: Molenberghs, Geert
name: De Ridder, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravito-inertial asteroseismology saw its birth thanks to high-precision CoRoT and Kepler space photometric light curves. So far, it gave rise to the internal rotation frequency of a few hundred intermediate-mass stars, yet only several tens of these have been weighed, sized, and age-dated with high precision from asteroseismic modelling. We aim to increase the sample of optimal targets for future gravito-inertial asteroseismology by assessing the properties of 15062 newly found Gaia DR3 gravity-mode pulsators. We also wish to investigate if there is any connection between their fundamental parameters and dominant mode on the one hand, and their spectral line broadening measured by Gaia on the other hand. After re-classifying about 22% of the F-type gravity-mode pulsators as B-type according to their effective temperature, we construct histograms of the fundamental parameters and mode properties of the 15062 new Gaia DR3 pulsators. We compare these histograms with those of 63 Kepler bona fide class members. We fit errors-in-variables regression models to couple the effective temperature, luminosity, gravity, and oscillation properties to the two Gaia DR3 parameters capturing spectral line broadening for a fraction of the pulsators. We find that the selected 15062 gravity-mode pulsators have properties fully in line with those of their well-known Kepler analogues, revealing that Gaia has a role to play in asteroseismology. The dominant g-mode frequency is a significant predictor of the spectral line broadening for the class members having this quantity measured. We show that the Gaia vbroad parameter captures the joint effect of time-independent intrinsic and rotational line broadening and time-dependent tangential pulsational broadening. Gaia was not desiged to detect non-radial oscillations, yet its homogeneous data treatment allow us to identify many new gravity-mode pulsators.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 10 tables. Manuscript accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Two datafiles will be made available via CDS; they can already be requested from the main author
A numerical approximation method for the Fisher-Rao distance between multivariate normal distributions
Creators: name: Nielsen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a simple method to approximate Rao's distance between multivariate normal distributions based on discretizing curves joining normal distributions and approximating Rao's distances between successive nearby normal distributions on the curves by the square root of Jeffreys divergence, the symmetrized Kullback-Leibler divergence. We consider experimentally the linear interpolation curves in the ordinary, natural and expectation parameterizations of the normal distributions, and compare these curves with a curve derived from the Calvo and Oller's isometric embedding of the Fisher-Rao $d$-variate normal manifold into the cone of $(d+1)\times (d+1)$ symmetric positive-definite matrices [Journal of multivariate analysis 35.2 (1990): 223-242]. We report on our experiments and assess the quality of our approximation technique by comparing the numerical approximations with both lower and upper bounds. Finally, we present several information-geometric properties of the Calvo and Oller's isometric embedding.
description: 46 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables
National and international dimensions of human immunodeficiency virus-1 sequence clusters in a northern California clinical cohort
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: HIV-1
network analysis
pol sequence
transmission

description: © The Author(s) 2019. Background. Recent advances in high-throughput molecular epidemiology are transforming the analysis of viral infections. Methods. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 pol sequences from a Northern Californian cohort (NCC) of 4553 antiretroviral-naive individuals sampled between 1998 and 2016 were analyzed together with 140 000 previously published global pol sequences. The HIV-TRAnsmission Cluster Engine (HIV-TRACE) was used to infer a transmission network comprising links between NCC and previously published sequences having a genetic distance ≤1.5%. Results. Twenty-five percent of NCC sequences were included in 264 clusters linked to a published sequence, and approximately one third of these (8.0% of the total) were linked to 1 or more non-US sequences. The largest cluster, containing 512 NCC sequences (11.2% of the total), comprised the subtype B lineage that traced its origin to the earliest North American sequences. Approximately 5 percent of NCC sequences belonged to a non-B subtype, and these were more likely to cluster with a non-US sequence. Twenty-two NCC sequences belonged to 1 of 4 large clusters containing sequences from rapidly growing regional epidemics: CRF07-BC (East Asia), subtype A6 (former Soviet Union), a Japanese subtype B lineage, and an East/Southeast Asian CRF01-AE lineage. Bayesian phylogenetics suggested that most non-B sequences resulted from separate introductions but that local spread within the largest CRF01-AE cluster occurred twice. Conclusions. The NCC contains national and international links to previously published sequences including many to the subtype B strain that originated in North America and several to rapidly growing Asian epidemics. Despite their rapid regional growth, the Asian epidemic strains demonstrated limited NCC spread.
Constraining the initial conditions and temperature dependent viscosity with three-particle correlations in Au+Au collisions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: nucl-ex
nucl-th

description: © 2018 The Author We present three-particle mixed-harmonic correlations 〈cos⁡(mϕa+nϕb−(m+n)ϕc)〉 for harmonics m,n=1−3 for charged particles in sNN=200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. These measurements provide information on the three-dimensional structure of the initial collision zone and are important for constraining models of a subsequent low-viscosity quark–gluon plasma expansion phase. We investigate correlations between the first, second and third harmonics predicted as a consequence of fluctuations in the initial state. The dependence of the correlations on the pseudorapidity separation between particles show hints of a breaking of longitudinal invariance. We compare our results to a number of state-of-the art hydrodynamic calculations with different initial states and temperature dependent viscosities. These measurements provide important steps towards constraining the temperature dependent viscosity and longitudinal structure of the initial state at RHIC.
CMR exploration I -- filament structure with synthetic observations
Creators: name: Kong, Shuo
name: Ossenkopf-Okada, Volker
name: Arce, Héctor G.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Xu, Duo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we carry out a pilot parameter exploration for the collision-induced magnetic reconnection (CMR) mechanism that forms filamentary molecular clouds. Following Kong et al. (2021), we utilize Athena++ to model CMR in the context of resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), considering the effect from seven physical conditions, including the Ohmic resistivity ($η$), the magnetic field ($B$), the cloud density ($ρ$), the cloud radius $R$, the isothermal temperature $T$, the collision velocity $v_x$, and the shear velocity $v_z$. Compared to their fiducial model, we consider a higher and a lower value for each one of the seven parameters. We quantify the exploration results with five metrics, including the density probability distribution function ($ρ$-PDF), the filament morphology (250 $μ$m dust emission), the $B$-$ρ$ relation, the dominant fiber width, and the ringiness that describes the significance of the ring-like sub-structures. The exploration forms straight and curved CMR-filaments with rich sub-structures that are highly variable in space and time. The variation translates to fluctuation in all the five metrics, reflecting the chaotic nature of magnetic reconnection in CMR. A temporary $B\proptoρ$ relation is noticeable during the first 0.6 Myr. Overall, the exploration provides useful initial insights to the CMR mechanism.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJS, add link to Dataverse
Non-linear Landau fan diagram for graphene electrons exposed to a moiré potential
Creators: name: Moon, Pilkyung
name: Kim, Youngwook
name: Koshino, Mikito
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Smet, Jurgen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to Landau quantization, the conductance of two-dimensional electrons exposed to a perpendicular magnetic field exhibits oscillations that generate a fan of linear trajectories when plotted in the parameter space spanned by density and magnetic field. This fan looks identical irrespective of the electron dispersion details that determines the field dependence of the Landau level energy. This is no surprise, since the position of conductance minima solely depends on the level degeneracy which is linear in flux. The fractal energy spectrum that emerges within each Landau band when electrons are also exposed to a two-dimensional superlattice potential produces numerous additional oscillations, but they too create just linear fans for the same reason. Here, we report on conductance oscillations of graphene electrons exposed to a moiré potential that defy this general rule of flux linearity and attribute the anomalous behavior to the simultaneous occupation of multiple minibands and magnetic breakdown.
Coherent Microwave Emission of a Gain-Driven Polariton
Creators: name: Yao, Bimu
name: Gui, Y. S.
name: Rao, J. W.
name: Zhang, Y. H.
name: Lu, Wei
name: Hu, C. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By developing a gain-embedded cavity magnonics platform, we create gain-driven polariton (GDP) that is activated by an amplified electromagnetic field. Distinct effects of gain-driven light-matter interaction, such as polariton auto-oscillations, polariton phase singularity, self-selection of a polariton bright mode, and gain-induced magnon-photon synchronization, are theoretically studied and experimentally manifested. Utilizing the gain-sustained photon coherence of the GDP, we demonstrate polariton-based coherent microwave amplication (~ 40 dB) and achieve high-quality coherent microwave emission (Q > 10^9).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Probing Dynamic Excitations in Novel Quantum Magnets Using Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Li, Siwen
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: quantum magnet
subject: spin-orbit coupled magnet
subject: 2-dimensional magnet
subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: spin wave theory
subject: Physics
subject: Science

description: Quantum materials are a class of materials where charge, orbit, spin, and lattice degrees of freedoms (DOFs) entangle to give rise to novel phases. A major subset of quantum materials, quantum magnets, span a broad spectrum including quantum dimer magnets hosting singlet ground states, pseudospin magnets with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), spin liquid and spin ice magnets where magnetic frustrations lead to absence of magnetic long-range order (LRO) and fractionalized excitations, 2-dimensional (2D) magnets with strong quantum fluctuations, as well as topological magnets whose magnetic order is an essential ingredient in their topological phases. Using a combination of polarized Raman spectroscopy, an inelastic optical scattering technique, and spin-wave calculations, we study magnetic excitations in two classes of quantum magnets, namely, the bilayer perovskite iridate Sr3Ir2O7 with strong SOC and the 2D Ising ferromagnet (FM) CrI3 which is one of the first 2D magnets discovered. In Sr3Ir2O7, we discovered two sets of two-magnon modes, one of which arises from a pair of Brillouin zone-center optical magnons, and the other one from zone-boundary magnons. In particular, the former type is unconventional as it preserves the full symmetries of the underlying crystal lattice (i.e., A1g). Our findings not only reveal such A1g magnetic excitation, but also show the magnetic ground state (GS) of Sr3Ir2O7 is a conventional antiferromagnet (AFM), which offers insight into the heated debate on the nature of Sr3Ir2O7 magnetism. In CrI3, which has been thought to be an interlayer AFM in its few-layer form and an interlayer FM in its bulk form, we found that bulk CrI3 in fact hosts a mixed state with interlayer AFM at its surface and interlayer FM in its deep bulk. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we induced an interlayer AFM to FM phase transition at a critical field of BC = 2 T, and observed a concurrent structural phase transition. Our results unambiguously address the puzzle of how the interlayer magnetism evolves upon decreasing thickness in CrI3. In conclusion, we used polarized Raman measurements and spin-wave calculations to study two types of quantum magnets. In the SOC magnet, Sr3Ir2O7, we discovered a unique A1g zone-center optical two-magnon excitation and confirmed its conventional AFM GS. In the bulk form of the 2D magnet, CrI3, we uncovered a coexistence of interlayer AFM and FM, and induced concurrent magnetic and structural phase transitions with external magnetic field.
The role of tyrosine phosphorylation of protein kinase C delta in infection and inflammation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: PKC
phosphorylation
microfluidics
inflammation
sepsis

description: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Protein Kinase C (PKC) is a family composed of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are master regulators of inflammatory signaling. The activity of different PKCs is context-sensitive and these kinases can be positive or negative regulators of signaling pathways. The delta isoform (PKCδ) is a critical regulator of the inflammatory response in cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies implicate PKCδ as an important regulator of the inflammatory response in sepsis. PKCδ, unlike other members of the PKC family, is unique in its regulation by tyrosine phosphorylation, activation mechanisms, and multiple subcellular targets. Inhibition of PKCδ may offer a unique therapeutic approach in sepsis by targeting neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions. In this review, we will describe the overall structure and function of PKCs, with a focus on the specific phosphorylation sites of PKCδ that determine its critical role in cell signaling in inflammatory diseases such as sepsis. Current genetic and pharmacological tools, as well as in vivo models, that are used to examine the role of PKCδ in inflammation and sepsis are presented and the current state of emerging tools such as microfluidic assays in these studies is described.
Collaborative feedback controls for transport and application layers in dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH)
Creators: name: Robertson, Donald
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer science
Quality of experience
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH)
Computer networking
Transmission control protocol (TCP)
QUIC
Congestion control
Streaming media

description: Video streaming dominates traffic on the global Internet. User Quality of Experience (QoE) is managed by Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) players that request and retrieve bitrates of varying quality according to application-perceived network conditions. Selection of higher bitrate encodings is preferable, but must be balanced against other QoE indicators such as avoiding rebuffering, in effect using these indicators to create a feedback control loop. However, HTTP relies on TCP or, more recently, QUIC as transport protocols with congestion control mechanisms built around their own feedback control loops. As a result, tension emerges between application and transport feedback control loops that adversely affects multiple users when behind a shared bottleneck. Existing solutions focus on either client- and/or server-side adaptation mechanisms, or introduce additional elements into the network to orchestrate the interactions more effectively. While such solutions have proven effective, this thesis posits that they only address the symptoms of the underlying problem – nested feedback control loops. This thesis takes a holistic view that bridges separate feedback controls in the application and transport. First, an evaluation of TCP’s slow start over real user speed test data demonstrates that the congestion avoidance phase is unavoidable when sending video segments. Next, a mechanism is designed and implemented enabling the client application to signal the server transport. Evaluations show improved stability among on-demand video clients behind a shared bottleneck. Additionally, for the live streaming space, a signalling mechanism is designed from the server transport to the client application. Experimental evidence shows improved stability when contention is low and a reduction in QoE loss when contention is high. Finally, the server-side signalling is extended to QUIC to demonstrate the approach as transport agnostic. Overall, nested feedback control loops are unavoidable, but tensions may be resolved by cross-layer signalling between clients and server.
Polarization of Fast Radio Bursts: radiation mechanisms and propagation effects
Creators: name: Qu, Yuanhong
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are observed to be highly polarized. Most have high linear polarization but a small fraction show significant circular polarization. We systematically investigate a variety of polarization mechanisms of FRBs within the magnetar theoretical framework considering two emission sites inside and outside the magnetosphere. For each site, we discuss both intrinsic radiation mechanisms and propagation effects. Inside the magnetosphere, we investigate the polarization properties of both coherent curvature radiation and inverse Compton scattering by charged bunches and conclude that both mechanisms produce 100\% linear polarization at an on-axis geometry but can produce circular polarization if the viewing angle is off axis. The lack of circular polarization for the majority of bursts requires that the bunches have a large transverse dimension size. Resonant cyclotron absorption within magnetosphere may produce high circular polarization if electrons and positrons have an asymmetric Lorentz factor distribution. Outside the magnetosphere, the synchrotron maser emission mechanism in general produces highly linearly polarized emission. Circular polarization would appear at off-beam angles but the flux is greatly degraded and such bursts are not detectable at cosmological distances. Synchrotron absorption in a nebula with ordered magnetic field may reduce the circular polarization degree. Cyclotron absorption in a strongly magnetized medium may generate significant circular polarization. Faraday conversion in a medium with field reversal can convert one polarization mode to another. The two absorption processes require stringent physical conditions. Significant Faraday conversion may be realized in a magnetized dense environment involving binary systems or supernova remnants.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Phronia nitidiventris
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Phronia
Phronia nitidiventris

description: Phronia nitidiventris (van der Wulp, 1858)
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 1 ♂; Grotte Bouslama; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24173.
North African distribution.
Morocco (Banamar et al. 2020).
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
Measurement of the longitudinal spin asymmetries for weak boson production in proton-proton collisions at s =510 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: hep-ex

description: © 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. We report new STAR measurements of the single-spin asymmetries AL for W+ and W- bosons produced in polarized proton-proton collisions at s=510 GeV as a function of the decay-positron and decay-electron pseudorapidity. The data were obtained in 2013 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 250 pb-1. The results are combined with previous results obtained with 86 pb-1. A comparison with theoretical expectations based on polarized lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and prior polarized proton-proton data suggests a difference between the ū and d quark helicity distributions for 0.05
THE EFFECT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON CUSTOMER LOTALTY
Creators: name: AYDA ELIAS SEID
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Globalization and technology improvements have exposed companies to a situation with tough competition; Banking is one of the service industries characterized by high customer contact with individually customized service solutions where customer satisfaction has been an increasing focus of research (Molina et al., 2007). Customer loyalty is the top 10 most valuable performance measures (Davidson 1999) and is also considered as one of the 15 most commonly used measures according to Ambler and Puntoni (2003).Only few studies have investigated and measured CRM effect despite the practical relevance of operational zing and measuring CRM effect for business performance variables (Padmavathy et al., 2012).The general objective of the study was to investigate the possible relationship between Customer relationship management and customer loyalty in the banking industry in Ethiopia. More specifically, the study tried to see the relationship of CRM with Trust, Commitment, conflict handling, and Communication & Primary data was obtained through structured questionnaire from customers selected banks i.e. CBE and ZB. A convince non probability sampling technique was used to sample between banking firms. The researcher proportionally distributed 294 questionnaires to customers of the two selected banks and 267 of them were good for further analysis. The questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Pearson Correlation and multiple regressions were used to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent constructs of the research. The findings revealed that the two independent variables (Conflict handling and Competence) are statistically important determinants of customer loyalty in the banking industry of Ethiopia whereas Commitment, Trust and Communication had positive relation with customer loyalty but not predictor of customer loyalty since they were not supported by the findings
Follow-up survey for the binary black hole merger GW200224_222234 using Subaru/HSC and GTC/OSIRIS
Creators: name: Ohgami, Takayuki
name: Gonzalez, Josefa Becerra
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Morokuma, Tomoki
name: Utsumi, Yousuke
name: Niino, Yuu
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Banerjee, Smaranika
name: Poidevin, Frederick
name: Acosta-Pulido, Jose Antonio
name: Perez-Fournon, Ismael
name: Munoz-Darias, Teo
name: Akitaya, Hiroshi
name: Yanagisawa, Kenshi
name: Sasada, Mahito
name: Yoshida, Michitoshi
name: Simunovic, Mirko
name: Ohsawa, Ryou
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Terai, Tsuyoshi
name: Takagi, Yuhei
name: collaboration, The J-GEM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIGO/Virgo detected a gravitational wave (GW) event, named GW200224_222234 (a.k.a. S200224ca) and classified as a binary-black-hole coalescence, on February 24, 2020. Given its relatively small localization skymap (71 deg$^2$ for a 90% credible region; revised to 50 deg$^2$ in GWTC-3), we performed target-of-opportunity observations using the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) in the $r2$- and $z$-bands. Observations were conducted on February 25 and 28 and March 23, 2020, with the first epoch beginning 12.3 h after the GW detection. The survey covered the highest probability sky area of 56.6 deg$^2$, corresponding to a 91% probability. This was the first deep follow-up ($m_{r}\gtrsim24, m_{z}\gtrsim23$) for a binary-black-hole merger covering $>$90% of the localization. By performing image subtraction and candidate screening including light curve fitting with transient templates and examples, we found 22 off-nucleus transients that were not ruled out as the counterparts of GW200224_222234 with only our Subaru/HSC data. We also performed GTC/OSIRIS spectroscopy of the probable host galaxies for five candidates; two are likely to be located within the 3D skymap, whereas the others are not. In conclusion, 19 transients remain as possible optical counterparts of GW200224_222234; however, we could not identify a unique promising counterpart. If there are no counterparts in the remaining candidates, the upper limits of optical luminosity are $νL_ν < 5.2^{+2.4}_{-1.9}\times 10^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and $νL_ν < 1.8^{+0.8}_{-0.6}\times 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in the $r2$- and $z$-bands, respectively, at $\sim$12 h after GW detection. We also discuss improvements in the strategies of optical follow-ups for future GW events.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Punjabi Sikh parents' beliefs about suicide and suicide-related behaviours
Creators: name: Gill, Iqbal Kaur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study is the first to describe first generation Canadian Punjabi Sikh parents’ beliefs about suicide and suicide-related behaviours. Through an ethnographic approach the study sought to uncover the parents’ beliefs about the causes and consequences of suicide, reaction and interventions utilized in response to adolescent suicide and suicide-related behaviours, barriers to seeking mental health services and current help seeking behaviours. Semi structured individual interviews were conducted with four groups of participants: first generation Canadian Punjabi Sikh parents of adolescents, second generation Canadian Punjabi Sikh young adults, South Asian mental health therapists and medical professionals, and a Punjabi Sikh community leader. The findings of the study revealed the believed causes of suicide and suicide-related behaviours to be peer relations, lack of attention from parents, parental pressure to succeed, hormonal changes, and mental illness. Initially parents reported their emotional response to be shock and anger, followed by a range of other emotions. The interventions parents utilize in response to suicide and suicide-related behaviours are the Sikh religion, western health care, communication and monitoring of adolescent behaviour, and alternative healing methods. Barriers to accessing mental health services were identified to be a lack of comprehension of the concept of mental health, awareness of available services, and the Punjabi culture; the Sikh religion was identified not to be a barrier to seeking services. Although the help seeking behaviours of first generation Canadian Punjabi Sikh parents have changed in recent years, further education is needed to raise awareness of adolescent suicide and suicide-related behaviours. The findings of the study have important implications for the provision of culturally appropriate mental health services for adolescent suicide and suicide-related behaviours.
Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Low-redshift Quasars and Inactive Galaxies Have Similar Neighbors
Creators: name: Stone, Maria B.
name: Wethers, Clare F.
name: de Propris, Roberto
name: Kotilainen, Jari K.
name: Acharya, Nischal
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Loveday, Jonathan
name: Phillips, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of galaxies in the proximity (within a $\sim$2 Mpc radius sphere) of Type I quasars at 0.1
Universal fluctuations in radial growth models belonging to the KPZ universality class
Creators: name: Alves, S. G.
name: Oliveira, T. J.
name: Ferreira, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the radius distributions (RD) of surfaces obtained with large-scale simulations of radial clusters that belong to the KPZ universality class. For all investigated models, the RDs are given by the Tracy-Widom distribution of the Gaussian unitary ensemble, in agreement with the conjecture of the KPZ universality class for curved surfaces. The quantitative agreement was also confirmed by two-point correlation functions asymptotically given by the covariance of the Airy$_2$ process. Our simulation results fill the last lacking gap of the conjecture that had been recently verified analytically and experimentally.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A new clustering and nomenclature for beta turns derived from high-resolution protein structures
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Algorithms
Amino Acid Sequence
Amino Acids
Cluster Analysis
Protein Conformation
Proteins
Reproducibility of Results
Terminology as Topic

description: © 2019 Dingwell, Cusumano. Protein loops connect regular secondary structures and contain 4-residue beta turns which represent 63% of the residues in loops. The commonly used classification of beta turns (Type I, I’, II, II’, VIa1, VIa2, VIb, and VIII) was developed in the 1970s and 1980s from analysis of a small number of proteins of average resolution, and represents only two thirds of beta turns observed in proteins (with a generic class Type IV representing the rest). We present a new clustering of beta-turn conformations from a set of 13,030 turns from 1074 ultra-high resolution protein structures≤ (1.2 Å). Our clustering is derived from applying the DBSCAN and k-medoids algorithms to this data set with a metric commonly used in directional statistics applied to the set of dihedral angles from the second and third residues of each turn. We define 18 turn types compared to the 8 classical turn types in common use. We propose a new 2-letter nomenclature for all 18 beta-turn types using Ramachandran region names for the two central residues (e.g., ‘A’ and ‘D’ for alpha regions on the left side of the Ramachandran map and ‘a’ and ‘d’ for equivalent regions on the right-hand side; classical Type I turns are ‘AD’ turns and Type I’ turns are ‘ad’). We identify 11 new types of beta turn, 5 of which are sub-types of classical beta-turn types. Up-to-date statistics, probability densities of conformations, and sequence profiles of beta turns in loops were collected and analyzed. A library of turn types, BetaTurnLib18, and cross-platform software, BetaTurn- Tool18, which identifies turns in an input protein structure, are freely available and redistributable from dunbrack.fccc.edu/betaturn and github.com/sh-maxim/BetaTurn18. Given the ubiquitous nature of beta turns, this comprehensive study updates understanding of beta turns and should also provide useful tools for protein structure determination, refinement, and prediction programs.
The optical behaviour of BL Lacertae at its maximum brightness levels: a blend of geometry and energetics
Creators: name: Raiteri, C. M.
name: Villata, M.
name: Jorstad, S. G.
name: Marscher, A. P.
name: Pulido, J. A. Acosta
name: Carosati, D.
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Joner, M. D.
name: Kurtanidze, S. O.
name: Lorey, C.
name: Marchini, A.
name: Matsumoto, K.
name: Mirzaqulov, D. O.
name: Savchenko, S. S.
name: Strigachev, A.
name: Vince, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2021 BL Lacertae underwent an extraordinary activity phase, which was intensively followed by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) Collaboration. We present the WEBT optical data in the BVRI bands acquired at 36 observatories around the world. In mid 2021 the source showed its historical maximum, with R = 11.14. The light curves display many episodes of intraday variability, whose amplitude increases with source brightness, in agreement with a geometrical interpretation of the long-term flux behaviour. This is also supported by the long-term spectral variability, with an almost achromatic trend with brightness. In contrast, short-term variations are found to be strongly chromatic and are ascribed to energetic processes in the jet. We also analyse the optical polarimetric behaviour, finding evidence of a strong correlation between the intrinsic fast variations in flux density and those in polarisation degree, with a time delay of about 13 h. This suggests a common physical origin. The overall behaviour of the source can be interpreted as the result of two mechanisms: variability on time scales greater than several days is likely produced by orientation effects, while either shock waves propagating in the jet, or magnetic reconnection, possibly induced by kink instabilities in the jet, can explain variability on shorter time scales. The latter scenario could also account for the appearance of quasi-periodic oscillations, with periods from a few days to a few hours, during outbursts, when the jet is more closely aligned with our line of sight and the time scales are shortened by relativistic effects.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
The structure of HI in galactic disks: Simulations vs observations
Creators: name: Acreman, David M.
name: Dobbs, Clare L.
name: Brunt, Christopher M.
name: Douglas, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate synthetic HI Galactic plane surveys from spiral galaxy simulations which include stellar feedback processes. Compared to a model without feedback we find an increased scale height of HI emission (in better agreement with observations) and more realistic spatial structure (including supernova blown bubbles). The synthetic data show HI self-absorption with a morphology similar to that seen in observations. The density and temperature of the material responsible for HI self-absorption is consistent with observationally determined values, and is found to be only weakly dependent on absorption strength and star formation efficiency.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quantum kinetics of quenched two-dimensional Bose superfluids
Creators: name: Duval, Clément
name: Cherroret, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the non-equilibrium dynamics of a two-dimensional (2D) uniform Bose superfluid following a quantum quench, from its short-time (prethermal) coherent dynamics to its long-time thermalization. Using a quantum hydrodynamic description combined with a Keldysh field formalism, we derive quantum kinetic equations for the low-energy phononic excitations of the system and characterize both their normal and anomalous momentum distributions. We apply this formalism to the interaction quench of a 2D Bose gas and study the ensuing dynamics of its quantum structure factor and coherence function, both recently measured experimentally. Our results indicate that in two dimensions, a description in terms of independent quasi-particles becomes quickly inaccurate and should be systematically questioned when dealing with non-equilibrium scenarios.
description: 14 pages. Most technical details are contained in Sec. III. Secs. IV and V discuss concrete applications
Design–functionality relationships for adhesion/ growth-regulatory galectins
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: glycoconjugate
lectin
parasite
tumor

description: © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Glycan-lectin recognition is assumed to elicit its broad range of (patho)physiological functions via a combination of specific contact formation with generation of complexes of distinct signal-triggering topology on biomembranes. Faced with the challenge to understand why evolution has led to three particular modes of modular architecture for adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins in vertebrates, here we introduce protein engineering to enable design switches. The impact of changes is measured in assays on cell growth and on bridging fully synthetic nanovesicles (glycodendrimersomes) with a chemically programmable surface. Using the example of homodimeric galectin-1 and monomeric galectin-3, the mutual design conversion caused qualitative differences, i.e., from bridging effector to antagonist/from antagonist to growth inhibitor and vice versa. In addition to attaining proof-of-principle evidence for the hypothesis that chimera-type galectin-3 design makes functional antagonism possible, we underscore the value of versatile surface programming with a derivative of the pan-galectin ligand lactose. Aggregation assays with N,N′-diacetyllactosamine establishing a parasite-like surface signature revealed marked selectivity among the family of galectins and bridging potency of homodimers. These findings provide fundamental insights into design-functionality relationships of galectins. Moreover, our strategy generates the tools to identify biofunctional lattice formation on biomembranes and galectin-reagents with therapeutic potential.