cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The use of Callitriche for water quality determination can be misleading: An example from the Po Valley in Northern Italy
Creators: name: S. Gomarasca
name: A. Cicatelli
name: L. A. Maggioni
name: S. Castiglione
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the context of the European Water Framework Directive (2000/60), aquatic macrophytes have become important elements for ascribing the correct ecological value to water systems. Callitriche includes macrophyte species which are widespread and particularly sensitive to environmental cues. High plasticity and morphological variability of these plants have carried to great difficulties in their correct taxonomic determination. Diverse populations of Callitriche of the Po Valley (Northern Italy) have been studied. Plants of Callitriche spp. were collected in Northern Italian rivers with mesotrophic and eutrophic waters and their morphological, karyological, and molecular features were analyzed. Populations with a different chromosome number equal to 10, 18, or 20 were found. Chloroplast rbcL DNA showed the presence of three different sequences. Moreover, the presence of heterozygous rDNA-ITS sequences suggests the existence of a considerable number of hybrids. At ecological level, only one taxon lives in eutrophic waters, while all the others live in mesotrophic ones. Different morphological characters and chromosome set suggest the presence of a new taxon among Italian Callitriche populations. In conclusion, this research underlines that the possibility of Callitriche taxon misclassification, using only the “canonical” macro-morphological approach, is significant and that the incorrect determination of these plants would lead to erroneous evaluation of water quality.
title: Food, Hunger and International Law: Völkerrechtliche Tagesthemen 27
Creators: name: Albal, Eymir
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Hunger has been at the forefront of the vital problems faced by people throughout history. The causes of hunger and how this problem should be handled have created a discussion platform on which different disciplines ponder. In this context, international human rights law recognized food -and everyone to be free from hunger- as a right. However, many discourses which discuss hunger as a violation of human rights have been overlooked and food has been seen solely as a tradeable commodity. In this talk, it will be discussed why a rights-based approach to hunger is of utmost importance and how international human rights law can change the depoliticization of hunger.
description: Völkerrechtsblog
Empowerment Through Risk-Related Information: EPA's Risk Screening Environmental Indicators Project
Creators: name: Bouwes, Nicolaas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: Public access to information can drive change more effectively than regulations alone. Some regulatory agencies are now taking such an approach to advance their objectives. Right-to-know legislation, such as the Emergency Planning and Community Right-toKnow Act of 1986 (EPCRA), provides the basis for many of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) information disclosure initiatives. By requiring that the public be informed about releases of toxic chemicals in their communities, EPCRA— through its Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) in particular—can help to empower community residents, heighten industry accountability to the citizenry, and support efforts to ensure environmental justice.
Simulating long-term effects of abandonment on plant diversity in Mediterranean mountain farmland
Creators: name: A. Lomba
name: J. Gonçalves
name: F. Moreira
name: J. Honrado
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, long-term impacts of meadow abandonment scenarios on plant diversity were forecasted for high nature value farmland in northern Portugal, and implications for conservation planning and agri-environmental management are addressed. Vegetation patches representative of forests, meadows and edges, on mesic and wet soils, were surveyed for vascular plant diversity. Species richness and composition were compared across vegetation types, and additive partitioning was used to quantify hierarchic components of species richness. The implications of total and partial meadow abandonment were simulated according to landscape outcomes predicted for each scenario, and confirmed with a Monte-Carlo resampling. Forests hosted the highest number of species, as well as of exclusive species. Nonetheless, from the total pool (213), 21.6% were exclusive to meadows. Vegetation types generally shared small proportions of their species pools. With total meadow abandonment, a drastic decrease in total species richness (41.1%) and in endemic species richness (loss of 20.8%) was forecasted. However, only 12.3% of all species were forecasted to disappear under scenarios of partial abandonment. Landscape-level plant diversity can, therefore, be maintained by promoting farmland mosaics, even if the loss of scattered meadows in favour of native forests could be acceptable. Agri-environmental schemes should thus prioritize the maintenance of landscape heterogeneity.
Can Advocacy-Led Certification Systems Transform Global Corporate Practices? Evidence and Some Theory
Creators: name: Conroy, Michael E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: There is emerging evidence that globalization is beginning to provide new
opportunities for global coalitions of advocacy groups to bring market-based pressures to
bear upon major transnational firms in a way that promotes higher standards of social and
environmental responsibility in production processes and trade relations. This can be seen
as successful citizen-led attention to the “production and process methods” which the
Uruguay Round of trade negotiations explicitly chose to omit. More broadly it may
reflect the increased importance of global branding, improved awareness in both
consumer and financial markets of the social and environmental practices of firms, and
collaboration on the part of producers to reduce their risk of brand-damaging attacks on
the social and environmental responsibility of their practices. The emergence and growth
of the Forest Stewardship Council as the “gold standard” for sustainable forest
management, and the expensive attempts by the forest products industry to create
industry-driven substitute standards, may be the pivotal example of this phenomenon.
The further growth of certified Fair Trade practices under Transfair USA is another
example. Both cases provide important lessons as to the elements of present and future
success for this movement. They may also represent creative new solutions for problems
of persistent poverty by using the leverage of markets in the global North to improve the
ability of workers, farmers, and other producers in the global South to build natural assets
in ways that generate socially and environmentally sustainable livelihoods.
China's Urban Unemployement: Exposed "Disguised Unemployment" or Insufficient Aggregate Demand?
Creators: name: Li, Minqi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: China’s enterprise reform has resulted in large-scale layoff of workers from state and collective
owned enterprises. Mainstream Chinese economists argue that many of the workers in these
enterprises are “disguisedly unemployed” and have to be laid off to achieve better economic
performance. In this paper, I argue that the productivity of state and collective owned
enterprises to a large extent depends on capacity utilization and the level of aggregated demand.
If the government undertakes active aggregate demand policy, the performance of state and
collective owned enterprises can be substantially improved without large number of workers
being laid off.
title: Rassifizierte Grenzregime und die Grenzen des menschenrechtlichen Schutzes vor Rassismus: Völkerrechtliche Tagesthemen 28
Creators: name: González Hauck, Sué
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: In den vergangenen Monaten zeigten sich vermehrt Hierarchien der Solidarität bei der Aufnahmebereitschaft gegenüber ukrainischen Geflüchteten im Vergleich zu der Aufnahmebereitschaft gegenüber Menschen, die beispielsweise aus Afghanistan, Syrien oder aus afrikanischen Ländern fliehen oder die ebenfalls aus der Ukraine geflohen sind und keine ukrainische Staatsbürgerschaft besitzen. In diesem Zusammenhang beleuchtet der Vortrag die ambivalente Rolle des Völkerrechts, das einerseits durch seine koloniale Prägung strukturelle Rassismen festschreibt und zur Normalität rassistischer Hierarchien beiträgt, andererseits jedoch den Anspruch menschlicher Gleichheit enthält.
description: Völkerrechtsblog
On the earliest record of Cretaceous tyrannosauroids in western North America: implications for an Early Cretaceous Laurasian interchange event
Creators: name: Zanno, Lindsay E.
name: Makovicky, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: History

description: The sudden appearance of Asian dinosaur clades within Lower Cretaceous strata of western North America has long been recognised as a biotic dispersion event related to initial establishment of a Beringian land bridge. To date, uncertainty exists regarding the timing of the Early Cretaceous Laurasian interchange event (EKLInE) and the pattern of associated biotic dispersal. Here, we report a tyrannosauroid premaxillary tooth (FMNH PR 2750) from the Cloverly Formation, Wyoming, USA, that pushes back the earliest Cretaceous record of the clade in North America. Although fragmentary, the tooth is consistent with mounting evidence for a pre-108 Ma initiation of EKLInE and earliest Albian emplacement of Beringia. Previous authors have considered the Aptian/Albian of western North America a depauperate dinosaur fauna, characterised by regional extinction and diversity decline. Documentation of Albian tyrannosauroids in the region indicates a more dynamic ecosystem than previously appreciated and marks an early start to faunal mixing between immigrant and endemic dinosaur clades. Finally, we find that the enamel microstructure of FMNH PR 2750 conforms to the morphotype of tyrannosaurids, yet exhibits poor columnar differentiation. This morphology bolsters prior interpretations on the phylogenetic utility of enamel microstructure and suggests a trend of increasing enamel complexity within Tyrannosauroidea.
Economic Performance in Post-Crisis Korea: A Critical Perspective on Neoliberal Restructuring
Creators: name: Crotty, James
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: This paper evaluates the neoliberal economic restructuring process implemented in Korea following the
1997 Asian financial crisis. We first argue that the austerity macroeconomic policy of late 1997 and
early 1998 was the main cause of the economic collapse in 1998, and that the decision of the IMF and
President Kim Dae Jung to impose a radical neoliberal transformation of financial markets and large
industrial firms in the depressed conditions of 1998, though defensible on political grounds, made the
failure of these reforms virtually inevitable. A detailed analysis of the macro economy, labor markets,
financial markets, and nonfinancial firms in Korea in the past three and one-half years shows that
neoliberal restructuring has created a vicious cycle in which a perpetually weak financial sector fails to
provide the capital needed for real sector growth, investment and financial robustness, while real sector
financial fragility continuously weakens financial firms. Neoliberal policies may have pushed Korea onto
a low-investment, low-growth, development path, one with rising insecurity and inequality. Meanwhile,
the removal of virtually all restrictions on cross-border capital flows has led to a dramatic increase in the
influence of foreign capital in Korea's economy. The paper concludes by arguing that Korea should
reject radical neoliberal restructuring and instead adopt reforms designed to democratize and modernize
its traditional state-guided growth model.
An expert-based classification of high-altitude arctic-alpine vegetation of the class Carici rupestris-Kobresietea Ohba 1974: Achievements and obstacles
Creators: name: I. Svitková
name: J. Šibík
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The specific species-rich high-altitude vegetation of the class Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii Ohba 1974 (CK), with the occurrence of many arctic-alpine and endemic species, was chosen for a case study. The analyses were based on a dataset of 37,204 phytosociological relevés from the Slovak Vegetation Database. The traditional classification of the class CK, based on cluster analyses, was reproduced satisfactorily by means of formalised classification, based on the formal definitions created by the Cocktail method together with the frequency-positive fidelity index affiliation. Unequivocal assignment criteria for all eight associations of both alliances [Oxytropido-Elynion Br.-Bl. (1948) 1949 and Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933] of the class CK were formulated. The formal delimitations followed the traditional ones very well. It was demonstrated that the results of applying the formal definitions created on the basis of a large, geographically stratified dataset capturing the occurrence of all vegetation types in Slovakia were highly similar in comparison with the traditional classification based on the results of cluster analysis. The reliability and the pros and cons of the expert system are also discussed.
Fluorine-free mixed amphiphilic polymers based on PDMS and PEG side chains for fouling release applications
Creators: name: Harihara S. Sundaram
name: Youngjin Cho
name: Dimitriou, Michael D.
name: Weinman, Craig J.
name: Finlay, John A.
name: Cone, Gemma
name: Callow, Maureen E.
name: Callow, James A.
name: Kramer, Edward J.
name: Ober, Christopher K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Fluorine-free mixed amphiphilic block copolymers with mixtures of short side groups of polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized and studied for their ability to influence the surface properties and control the adhesion of marine organisms to coated surfaces. The settlement (attachment) and strength of adhesion of two different marine algae, the green seaweed Ulva and the diatom Navicula, were evaluated against the surfaces. It is known that hydrophobic coatings based on polydimethyl siloxane elastomers (PDMSe) are prone to protein adsorption and accumulation of strongly adherent diatom slimes, in contrast to PEG-based hydrophilic surfaces that inhibit protein adsorption and moderate only weak adhesion of diatoms. By incorporating both PDMS and PEG side chains into the polymers, the effect of incorporating both polar and non-polar groups on fouling-release could be studied. The dry surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). The ability of these mixed amphiphilic polymers to reconstruct in water was examined using underwater bubble contact angle and dynamic water contact angle experiments. To understand more about surface reconstruction behavior, protein adsorption experiments were carried out with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-FITC) on both dry and pre-soaked surfaces.
Assessing the port to port risk of vessel movements vectoring non-indigenous marine species within and across domestic Australian borders
Creators: name: Campbell, Marnie L.
name: Hewitt, Chad L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Biofouling of vessels is implicated as a high risk transfer mechanism of non-indigenous marine species (NIMS). Biofouling on international vessels is managed through stringent border control policies, however, domestic biofouling transfers are managed under different policies and legislative arrangements as they cross internal borders. As comprehensive guidelines are developed and increased compliance of international vessels with ‘clean hull’ expectations increase, vessel movements from port to port will become the focus of biosecurity management. A semi-quantitative port to port biofouling risk assessment is presented that evaluates the presence of known NIMS in the source port and determines the likelihood of transfer based on the NIMS association with biofouling and environmental match between source and receiving ports. This risk assessment method was used to assess the risk profile of a single dredge vessel during three anticipated voyages within Australia, resulting in negligible to low risk outcomes. This finding is contrasted with expectations in the literature, specifically those that suggest slow moving vessels pose a high to extreme risk of transferring NIMS species.
Molluscs from a shallow-water whale-fall and their affinities with adjacent benthic communities on the Swedish west coast
Creators: name: Danise, Silvia
name: Dominici, Stefano
name: Glover, Adrian G.
name: Dahlgren, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: We conducted a species-level study of molluscs associated with a 5-m long carcass of a minke whale at a depth of 125 m in the Kosterfjord (North Sea, Sweden). The whale-fall community was quantitatively compared with the community commonly living in the surrounding soft-bottom sediments. Five years after the deployment of the dead whale at the sea floor, the sediments around the carcass were dominated by the bivalve Thyasira sarsi, which is known to contain endosymbiotic sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, while background sediments were dominated by another thyasirid, T. equalis, less dependent on chemosynthesis for its nutrition. The Kosterfjord samples were further compared at the species level with mollusc abundance data derived from the literature, including samples from different marine settings of the west coast of Sweden (active methane seep, fjords, coastal and open marine environments). The results show high similarity between the Kosterfjord whale-fall community and the community that developed in one of the Swedish fjords (Gullmar Fjord) during hypoxic conditions. This study indicates that at shallow-water whale-falls, the sulphophilic stage of the ecological succession is characterized by generalist chemosynthetic bivalves commonly living in organic-rich, sulphidic environments.
Influence of bedrock-alluvial transition on plant species distribution along a Mediterranean river corridor
Creators: name: A. Nucci
name: C. Angiolini
name: M. Landi
name: G. Bacchetta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The variation of riparian plant species composition along a river according to lithological features, forming more or less discrete plant assemblages, was tested using multivariate and univariate analyses. Moreover, Sørensen's index was applied to examine similarity between geological and floristic groups, and the Wilson–Shmida index to investigate species turnover. The analyses were based on field data recorded along a Mediterranean river (Rio Santa Lucia, Sardinia, Italy), where the morphology is influenced by the bedrock-alluvial transition. The results obtained from the various analytical techniques were in close agreement, and underlined that the lithological types exerted an important influence on the distribution and richness (peak in the medium and the upper river part) of riparian plants, but also in their life forms (woody species and hemicryptophytes). The distribution patterns of species along the river suggested that primary drivers in the organization of the riparian plant communities were lithological types, geomorphology and altitude. Moreover, the bedrock-alluvial transition marked the highest species turnover, linked also to a different degree of human disturbance. The results of the present study indicate that the bedrock/alluvial influence is an integral component of the patch structure, which strongly influences riparian plant distribution patterns in a Mediterranean environment.
Easy access to FAIR data generation for custom-built experiments with NOMAD CAMELS
Creators: name: Fuchs, Alexander D.
name: Lehmeyer, Johannes A. F.
name: Weber, Heiko B.
name: Krieger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: NOMAD CAMELS (Configurable Application for Measurements, Experiments and Laboratory Systems) [1] is an open-source measurement software that records FAIR and fully self-describing measurement data. It enables the definition of measurement protocols via a graphical user interface without requiring programming knowledge or deeper understanding of instrument communication. Coming from the field of experimental physics, CAMELS provides the flexibility of controlling a large variety of measurement instruments in frequently changing experimental setups. The user-defined measurement protocols are translated into stand-alone executable Python code, providing full transparency of the actual measurement sequences.This Hacky Hour contribution starts with a brief overview of CAMELS followed by a hands-on session on setting up CAMELS and performing measurements (to follow bring your own laptop if possible).[1] https://fau-lap.github.io/NOMAD-CAMELS

This work is funded by the NFDI consortium FAIRmat - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project 460197019
Shifting from the Home to the Market: Accounting for Women's Work in Taiwan, 1965-95
Creators: name: Braunstein, Elissa
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: If one accounts for the shift of women’s work from the household to the market during the course of economic development, what does the trajectory of growth and structural change look like?  In this paper, I present an accounting of one such shift by looking at the role of women in Taiwanese growth between 1965 and 1995, a thirty-year stretch when an enviable per capita market growth rate of 6.9 percent, which later came to be called the “East Asian miracle,” was accompanied by large increases in female labor force participation.
Globalization and the Fiscal Autonomy of the State
Creators: name: Rao, J. Mohan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: Public finance in less developed countries is the focal point - both as source and destination - of many of the dilemmas and conflicts posed by development.  Revenue mobilization for the allocative, distributive and stabilization functions of the state is severely constrained by the narrowness and instability of the tax base.  The latter, in turn, is the result of political constraints rooted in socioeconomic inequalities, economic constraints arising from the structures of production and trade, and administrative constraints reflecting a weakly developed state apparatus.  As a consequence, public infrastructure and human development expenditures, which are among the most effective vehicles available for reaching the poor and promoting growth at the same time, persistently fall short of socially desired levels.  While fiscal constraints do not always reflect the need to finance current and capital outlays for development, public investment is often the first victim of fiscal troubles.  Moreover, states must typically resort to modes of taxation and budget financing that violate accepted canons of economic efficiency and `good’ macroeconomic policy.  For much the same reasons - political, economic and administrative - social transfers through the budget must also rely on inefficient and leaky buckets.  Hence, from both the expenditure and revenue sides, public squalor exacerbates private squalor.
A new method to set conservation priorities in biodiversity hotspots
Creators: name: G Bacchetta
name: E Farris
name: C Pontecorvo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Prioritization of endemic, threatened species and the habitats where they live is a crucial point of conservation actions, particularly in areas with rich endemic floras. In this study, we have developed a new procedure to define the conservation priorities among endemic plants and habitats by evaluating eight criteria. Five criteria deal with the geographic and ecological range of the evaluated species, whereas the other three refer to threats. After the evaluation of each criterion, we combined the partial scores to obtain a priority index (PI). Finally, we characterized the EU habitat categories of conservation concern on the basis of the average PI value of the plants living in each habitat. We tested the method on a list of 260 endemic plants from a biodiversity hotspot (Sardinia) that had an average PI of 3.66 ± 0.16. Even if the habitat categories that are most rich in endemic plants were rocky habitats, and coastal/halophytic habitats, the most endangered habitat was coastal sand dunes (PI = 6.75 ± 1.15). The method herein presented is complementary with the application of IUCN criteria. This integrated approach is a concrete solution that adapts IUCN criteria and categories to local contexts.
Democratizing Global Economic Governance: A PERI Symposium
Creators: name: D'Arista, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: This working paper is the fruit of a symposium on Democratizing Global Economic Governance held at the Political Economy Research Institute (PERI) on October 20, 2000, an event co-sponsored by the Five-College Peace and World Security Studies program. The speakers were asked not only to critique briefly the principal institutions of global economic governance – the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank – but also to suggest progressive alternatives. In other words, they were asked for their views on not only what progressives should be against, but also what they should be for.
title: Outer and inner circle rhetoric specificity in political discourse : a corpus-based study
title: Outer and inner circle rhetoric specificity in political discourse : a corpus-based study
Creators: name: Aseh, Fidelis Musi
Publisher: name: Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Afrika
subject: Englisch
subject: Sprachvariante
subject: Politische Sprache

description: This study explores the distinctive patterns of language use in political discourse across selected outer circle (Cameroon and Ghana) and inner circle (US and South Africa) varieties, using a corpus-based approach. More specifically, the research sets out to investigate the use of two types of linguistic features, namely, personal pronouns and kinship metaphors. In a first analysis, I adopt an alternative approach to investigating the use of personal pronouns in political discourse. The approach essentially draws from the cognitive linguistic concept of ‘frames’ as articulated by the theory of frame semantics (Fillmore, 1976, 1977a, 1982, 1985, 2008; Fillmore & Baker, 2010). I use an automatic frame semantic parsing tool, the SEMAFOR parser (Das et al, 2014), to identify the different types of (semantic) frames and frame roles with which specific personal pronouns are instantiated across the four varieties. I then compare the findings to illustrate instances of universality and variation. In a second analysis, I examine the types of metaphorical conceptualizations which are made using kinship terms across the varieties. Working top-down from conceptual schemas to linguistic instantiation, I identify and compare the frequencies of metaphors from the kinship field and also describe the types of cross-domain mappings typically involved in each of the varieties. My analysis is mostly informed by mainstream cognitive approaches to the study of metaphors, more especially cultural variations in the use of conceptual metaphors (Kövecses, 2002, 2005). I demonstrate that although there is empirical evidence for the use of a kinship conceptual schema across all four varieties, there are however significant variances in the specific metaphorical mappings used to instantiate this high-level conceptual structure. Both analyses make a case for the fact that in the field of political discourse especially, language use may be structured and constrained by conceptual schemas which themselves are culturally determined.
Floristic composition patterns of Mediterranean annual non-nitrophilous grasslands in Eastern Portugal
Creators: name: S. Ribeiro
name: M. Ladero
name: M. D. Espírito‐Santo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Helianthemetea guttati communities are pioneer spring and early summer ephemeral grasslands, dominated by non-nitrophilous therophytes. In Continental Portugal, these communities have not yet been fully investigated, and thus the objectives of the present study are: (1) to identify community types in therophytic grasslands; (2) to recognize those communities that configure the European priority habitat 6220* (pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals); (3) to establish environmental gradients underlying their spatial variation; (4) to assess how floristic composition is affected by land use factors. Vegetation sampling using phytosociological methodology was carried out on 80 grasslands. Modified Twinspan classification and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was applied for the classification and ordination of relevés whereas partial CCA (pCCA) and variation partitioning were used to assess the relative influence of individual land use factors. Some 270 species were identified across 11 community types whose floristic patterns were mainly explained by environmental gradients related to altitude and soil type while land use variables could only explain a small part of the floristic variation. Based on biogeography and the determination of diagnostic species, four phytosociological new associations and a new subassociation are proposed: Holco-Brachypodietum distachyi, Holco-Micropyretum tenellae, Micropyro-Anthoxanthetum aristati and Leontodonto-Vulpietum bromoidis vulpietosum membranaceae.
Reproduction in Octocorallia: Synchronous spawning and asynchronous oogenesis in the pennatulid Veretillum cynomorium
Creators: name: Pimentel, Marta S.
name: Rosa, Rui
name: Lopes, Vanessa M.
name: Baptista, Miguel
name: Repolho, Tiago
name: Narciso, Luis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Veretillum cynomorium is an abundant colonial octocoral that exclusively inhabits soft sediment and sandy substrata of the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, but its reproductive biology is completely unknown. Here we show, for the first time, that this sea pen is gonochoristic at colony level, and seems to reproduce sexually through the broadcast spawning of gametes. The duration of the present study (12 months) in the Sado Estuary, Portugal, allowed us to identify one brief synchronous spawning event. Mean oocyte size–frequency distributions indicated that large orange oocytes (>650 µm), and part of the intermediate-sized ones were released in July. The formation of new small (colorless) oocytes occurred in the post-spawning period, between August and October. However, individual oocyte size–frequency distributions of the colonies showed that there was no synchrony in late and early oogenesis. Fecundity ranged between 1 and 40 oocytes per polyp, with an annual average of 9 oocytes per polyp. The occurrence of sex ratios biased towards the dominance of female colonies is reported and discussed.
Holz von Vitis vinifera im Raster-Elektronenmikroskop
Creators: name: Plank, S.
name: Wolkinger, F.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Charakteristische Gewebeteile und Zellelemente vom Holz des Weinstockes, Vitis vinifera L., wurden raster-elektronenmikroskopisch abgebildet. Dabei wurde auf die Ausbildung der lebenden, septierten Holzfasern besonderer Wert gelegt. Lebende, septierte Fasern treten auch im Bast auf (Bastfasern). Sie bilden alternierend mit dem Weichbast selbständige Gewebekomplexe und dienen wie die Holzfasern neben ihrer Stützfunktion vorwiegend der Stärkespeicherung. Die Bastfasern sind im Durchschnitt kürzer als die Holzfasern. Andere morphologische Unterschiede wurden nicht festgestellt. Bois de Vitis vinifera au microscope électronique à balayage Les parties caractéristiques du tissu et les éléments cellulaires du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) furent reproduits par microscopie électronique à balayage On s'est concentré particulièrement sur la formation des fibres vivantes et cloisonnées du bois. Des fibres vivantes et cloisonnées sont présentes également dans le phloème. Elles forment alternativement avec le liber mou un complexe de tissus indépendants et servent comme les fibres libriformes du xylème, en plus de leur rôle de support, surtout au stockage de l 'amidon. Les fibres de phloème sont en moyenne plus courtes que les fibres de xylème. D'autres différences morphologiques n'ont pas été constatées.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 3 (1976): Vitis
Cytokinins, growth, flower and fruit formation in Vitis vinifera
Creators: name: Lilov, D.
name: Andonova, Temenuschka
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Investigations were carried out on content and changes of the endogenous cytokinins in roots, buds, shoots, leaves, inflorescences and clusters of Vitis vinifera during bud burst, prior to anthesis, during full bloom, growth of the berries to 8-12 mm, ripening of the grapes, during leaf-fall and the period of relative rest. In order to obtain plants, differing in growth, flower and fruit formation, half of the vines were treated with CCC prior to bud burst. Consequently, the growth of the treated plants was inhibited by 12.6%, the number of the inflorescences was increased by 37.9%, the number of the clusters by 39.2% and the yield of the grapes by 34.1%. The plants showing inhibited growth and stimulated flower and fruit formation contain for all the phases investigated more cytokinins compared to the control: roots 0.021 1-1.g/g fresh material or 10.2%, buds 0.023 11g/g or 17.3%, shoots 0.040 p.g/g or 34.2%, leaves 0.024 ,ug/g or 9.8%, inflorescences and clusters 0.05 1-ig/g or 22.0%. Different amounts of cytokinins were established in the individual parts of ripe berries (skin, seeds and pulp). Cytokinine, Wachstum, Blüten- und Fruchtbildung bei Vitis vinifera Es wurden Untersuchungen über den Gehalt und die Änderungen der endogenen Cytokinine in den Wurzeln, Knospen, Trieben, Blättern, Blüten und Trauben von Vitis vinifera während des Austriebes, vor der Blüte, während der Vollblüte, des Beerenwachstums bis auf eine Größe von 8-12 mm, während der Traubenreife, des Blattfalles und der relativen Ruhe durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden Pflanzen verwendet, die sich in ihrem Wachstum sowie der Blüten- und Fruchtbildung unterschieden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Teil der Reben vor dem Austrieb mit Chlorcholinchlorid (CCC) behandelt, wodurch das Längenwachstum um 12,6% verringert, die Anzahl der Blüten dagegen um 37,9%, die der Trauben um 39,2% und der Ertrag um 34,1 % erhöht wurden. Die Pflanzen mit gehemmtem Längenwachstum und geförderter Blüten- und Fruchtbildung enthielten im Durchschnitt mehr Cytokinine als die Kontrollpflanzen, u. z.: Wurzeln 10,2%, Knospen 17,3%, Triebe 34,2%, Blätter 9,80/o, Blüten und Trauben 22,0 %. Auch in Samen, Fleisch und Haut reifer Beeren wurden unterschiedliche Cytokininkonzentrationen festgestellt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 3 (1976): Vitis
Gaschromatographische Untersuchungen über die Aromastoffe von Weinbeeren II. Möglichkeiten der Sortencharakterisierung
Creators: name: Rapp, A.
name: Hastrich, Helene
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Aus Aromakonzentraten (Freon-11-Extraktion) von Beerensäften verschiedener Rebsorten wurden gaschromatographisch mit Hilfe von 75 m langen Glaskapillarsäulen Aromagramme mit etwa 300 Peaks erstellt. Der Vergleich der Aromagramme zeigt, daß sich die einzelnen Sorten in der Aromastoffzusammensetzung quantitativ unterscheiden (,,Fingerprintmuster"). Aus bestimmten Komponenten (sog. ,,Leitsubstanzen") lassen sich Relationen errechnen, die für eine Sortencharakterisierung, teilweise über ein Reifeintervall von 30 °0echsle hinweg, geeignet erscheinen. Gas chromatographic investigations on the aroma constituents of grape berries II. Application to characterization of grapevine cultivars Aromagrams with approx. 300 peaks were obtained by gas chromatography from aroma concentrates (Freon-11 extraction) made from berry juice of different grape cultivars using 75 m long capillary glass columns. A comparison between the aromagrams shows that the single varieties differ from each other in quantity as to the aroma composition (fingerprint pattern). From special components (the so called "Leitsubstanzen") relations suitable for characterizing the varieties can be calculated, partly valid over a maturity interval of 30 °Oechsle.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 3 (1976): Vitis
Threat Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Labor Union Wage Premium
Creators: name: Choi, Minsik
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: This paper explores the impact of “threat effects” of foreign direct investment on
labor markets in the United States. In this context, the term “threat effect” refers to
the use by employers of the implicit or explicit threat that they will move all or part
of their production to a different location, even if they do not actually do so. In this
paper, I construct a unique industry level panel data set and I show that the union
wage premium has been negatively associated with the stock of outward FDI in the
U.S. manufacturing sector for the period of 1983-1996. The union wage premium is
chosen as the dependent variable to test the hypothesis that the increased capital
mobility changes the nature of bargaining between workers and employers as
predicted in threat effect theory.
Two Different Export-Oriented Growth Strategies under a Wage-led Accumulation Regime
Creators: name: Onaran, Özlem
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: The aim of the paper is to compare the relationship between distribution, growth, accumulation and employment in Turkey and South Korea. These countries represent two different export-oriented growth experiences. Thereby they provide examples for comparing different economic policies. The paper tests whether accumulation and employment are wage-led in these two countries by means of a post-Keynesian open economy model. The model, in addition to the goods market, includes a demand-driven labor market and a reserve army effect in the Marxian sense. The model is estimated in a structural vector autoregression form. The results show that decreasing the wage share does not stimulate accumulation, growth and employment.
Global Apparel Production and Sweatshop Labor: Can Raising Retail Prices Finance Living Wages?
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2002

description: This paper provides some empirical evidence on issues raised by the global antisweatshop
movement. We first consider the relationship between wage and employment growth,
finding no consistent trade-off between them. We then measure the share of labor costs in the
production of garments in the United States and Mexico. We find that the retail price increases
necessary to absorb the costs of substantially raising wages are small, well within the range of
price increases that polls suggest U.S. consumers are willing to pay. We close by considering
some implications of these results.
Allopatric differentiation and morphometric growth in a Jamaican freshwater crab, with the discrimination of a cave phenotype
Creators: name: Stemmer, Manuel
name: Schubart, Christoph D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: The freshwater crab Sesarma fossarum inhabits surface and cave habitats in western central Jamaica (Cockpit Country). Comparisons among nine sampling sites across its distribution range revealed high intraspecific phenotypic diversity, including morphometric differences between populations from neighboring cave and surface habitats, which form part of the same river system. Specimens in two sampled caves show more slender walking legs and chelae than specimens from outside the caves. Overall, the morphometric results can help to determine onset of maturity and to understand morphological plasticity.
Long-term daily intake estimates of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenylethers from food in Finnish children: risk assessment implications
Creators: name: Kiviranta, Hannu
name: Knip, Mikael
name: Veijola, Riitta
name: Simell, Olli
name: Karjalainen, Anna K.
name: Hirvonen, Tero
name: Sinkko, Harri
name: Kronberg-Kippilä, Carina
name: Virtanen, Suvi M.
name: Hallikainen, Anja
name: Leino, Olli
name: Tuomisto, Jouni T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Food is contaminated by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/F), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE) worldwide. Previous data show elevated intakes in children. We determined intakes of POPs in Finnish children. Because no children-specific safe limit values exist, we used tolerable daily intakes (TDIs) set for adults by international expert bodies to examine the proportion of the study population that exceed those limits. We utilised dietary monitoring data with food consumption of Finnish boys and girls aged 1–6 years, measured the contaminant concentrations in all the main food items and calculated age-specific contaminant sum and congener-specific long-term daily intake levels. Our food intake and contaminant data correspond to years 2002–2005. The long-term upper-bound dioxin intakes ranged between 0.1 and 12.8 pg WHOPCDD/F-PCB-TEQ/kg bw/d (min and max). An immediate TDI for WHOPCDD/F-PCB-TEQs of 4.0 pg/kg bw/d were exceeded by 2.5%–7.5% of the children. PBDE long-term upper-bound intake was between 0.1 and 5.8 ng/kg bw/d (min and max). Congener-specific analyses indicated a typical Finnish adult exposure pattern of the children to PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs. The highest POP intakes were observed in children aged 3 years. Long-term daily PCDD/F, PCB and PBDE intakes among Finnish children varied greatly between individuals and ages. In each age group of the study population, there was a proportion of children with their WHOPCDD/F-PCB-TEQ intake exceeding considered safe limits set for adults. Based on the exposure profile reported herein, children should be clearly considered as a specific sub-population in food-mediated contaminant risk assessment.
Biomolecule-based antibacterial coating on a stainless steel surface: multilayer film build-up optimization and stability study
Creators: name: C. Vreuls
name: G. Zocchi
name: H. Vandegaart
name: E. Faure
name: C. Detrembleur
name: Anne-Sophie Duwez
name: J. Martial
name: C. Van De Weerdt
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: The goal of this paper was to establish the durability profile of antibacterial multilayer thin films under storage and usage conditions. Thin films were built on stainless steel (SS) by means of a layer-by-layer process alternating a negatively charged polyelectrolyte, polyacrylic acid, with a cationic antibacterial peptide, nisin. SS coupons coated with the antibacterial film were challenged under environmental and usage conditions likely to be encountered in real-world applications. The change in antibacterial activity elicited by the challenge was used as an indicator of multilayer film resistance. Antibacterial SS samples could be stored for several weeks at 4°C in ambient air and antibacterial films were resistant to dipping and mild wiping in water and neutral detergent. The multilayer coating showed some weaknesses, however, that need to be addressed.
Production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies for the quantification of potentially allergenic xylanase from Aspergillus niger
Creators: name: M. Sega
name: C. Zanetti
name: C. Rizzi
name: M. Olivieri
name: R. Chignola
name: G. Zoccatelli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Xylanase from Aspergillus niger (ANX) is widely used in bakeries as a processing aid since it stabilises and improves dough quality. An association between allergic symptoms among bakery workers and sensitisation to ANX has been reported, indicating that this enzyme is an occupational allergen. The presence of ANX in dough improvers and semi-finished goods is often hidden due to incomplete and unclear labelling. The quantification of microbial enzymes in these products is necessary and the determination of the actual concentration of ANX in workplaces is therefore essential to assess the occupational risk. To this purpose we have developed and characterised monoclonal antibodies to ANX. The monoclonal antibodies do not show any cross-reaction with other commonly used microbial enzymes, and they allow the detection of ANX in complex mixtures by ELISA inhibition assays down to the concentration limit of approximately 10 µg kg−1. These mAbs are a valuable tool to detect and quantify ANX and to investigate its allergenic potential in the workplace.
Securities Transaction Taxes for U.S. Financial Markets
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2002

description: This paper examines the viability of security transaction excise taxes
(STETs) as one policy tool for promoting a more stable financial environment, specifically with
respect to the U.S. economy. Contrary to a large recent critical literature, we show that a STET
can be designed without creating large distortions between segments of the financial market. We
also show that a modest STET for the U.S.—beginning with a 0.5 percent tax on equity trades
and scaled appropriately for other financial instruments—would generate substantial new
government revenues, on the order of $100 billion per year.
THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE EMBRYONIC LIMB SKELETAL PROGENITORS DETERMINES THEIR CELL FATE IN CHICKEN.
Creators: name: Lorda-Diez, Carlos Ignacio
name: Montero, Juan Antonio
name: Hurlé, Juan Mario
name: Sanchez-Fernandez, Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Anatomy
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Figures (.tif) and Data with statistical analysis in GraphPad Prism format (.pzf) corresponding to the article "THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE EMBRYONIC LIMB SKELETAL PROGENITORS DETERMINES THEIR CELL FATE IN CHICKEN" published in Nature Communications Biology.
title: The intricacies of maritime boundary delimitation: Germany’s one-sided response to the Turkey-Libya MoU on delimitation of the maritime jurisdiction areas in the Mediterranean
Creators: name: Talmon, Stefan
name: Lobo, Mary
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 341

description: GPIL - German Practice in International Law