cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two Dimensional Topology of Large Scale Structure in the Las Campanas Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Colley, Wesley N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the topology (genus) of the density distribution of large-scale structure observed in the Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS). The LCRS is complete to magnitude 17.5, and contains nearly 24000 galaxies with median redshift of 30000 km/s. The large volume and large number of galaxies allows sampling of nearly 100 independent structures with which to compute the genus topology, a vast improvement over previous studies. We find that the genus is consistent with a random-phase Gaussian distribution of initial density fluctuations, as would be produced naturally in inflationary models. When we combine these results with the genus measurements of the COBE microwave background fluctuations, we find that two orthogonal projections of the three-dimensional distribution of initial density fluctuations are consistent with Gaussian random-phase behavior, in agreement with standard inflationary models. Particular attention is given to statistical significance of the genus test.
description: AASTeX, v4, preprint, 11 pages including 2 PS figures
title: Map 1: hydrogeological map. Map 2: sedimentary basins
title: Carte 1 : carte hydrogéologique. Carte 2 : basins de sédimentation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: De Zborowski, Isolde
name: CIRAD-EMVT-FRA
Publisher: name: CIRAD-EMVT; CTA
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Élevage
subject: Hydrogéologie
subject: Ressource en eau
subject: Bassin versant
subject: Conservation de l'eau
subject: Soudan
subject: Afrique orientale
subject: Désert du Sahara
subject: L01 - Elevage - Considérations générales
subject: P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion
subject: L01 - Animal husbandry
subject: P10 - Water resources and management

description: In : Livestock production and Sahelian rangelands potential. Republic of the Sudan = Élevage et potentialités pastorales sahéliennes. République du Soudan. CIRAD-EMVT, Range Pasture Administration (Soudan). 1993. Maisons-Alfort : CIRAD-EMVT-CTA, 33 p. ISBN 2-87614-088-8
A spatially resolved plerionic X-ray nebula around PSR B0540-69
Creators: name: Gotthelf, E. V.
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high resolution Chandra X-ray observation of PSR B0540-69, the Crab-like 50 msec pulsar in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We use phase-resolved imaging to decompose the extended X-ray emission, as expected of a synchrotron nebula, from the point-like emission of the pulsar. The image of the pulsed X-ray emission shows a well-defined point-spread function of the observation, while the resolved nebula has a morphology and size remarkably similar to the Crab nebula, including evidence for a jet-like feature from PSR B0540-69. The patchy outer shell, which most likely represents the expanding blast-wave of the supernova, is reminiscent of that seen in radio. Based on morphology, size, and energetics there can be little doubt that PSR B0540-69 is an analogous system to the Crab but located in our neighboring galaxy.
description: 5 pages with 5 figures, LaTex, emulateapj.sty. Revision based on data corrected for instrumental artifacts; main result unchanged. This version to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
A meson-exchange model of the associated photoproduction of vector mesons and N*(1440) resonances
Creators: name: Soyeur, Madeleine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the photoproduction of omega- and rho0-mesons off protons in the particular channel where the target proton is excited to a Roper resonance N*(1440). We propose a simple meson-exchange model for these processes in order to evaluate their cross sections near threshold and at low momentum transfers. It is suggested in particular that the differential cross section for the associated photoproduction of a rho0-meson and a Roper resonance in these kinematic conditions could provide direct information on the strength of the scalar-isoscalar excitation of the N*(1440) and hence on the magnitude of an effective sigma N N*(1440) coupling. The latter quantity is poorly known and of much interest for the nuclear many-body problem.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A
A Study of the Populations of X-ray Sources in the Small Magellanic Cloud with ASCA
Creators: name: Yokogawa, Jun
name: Imanishi, Kensuke
name: Tsujimoto, Masahiro
name: Nishiuchi, Mamiko
name: Koyama, Katsuji
name: Nagase, Fumiaki
name: Corbet, Robin H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) has made multiple observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). X-ray mosaic images in the soft (0.7--2.0 keV) and hard (2.0--7.0 keV) bands are separately constructed, and the latter provides the first hard X-ray view of the SMC. We extract 39 sources from the two-band images with a criterion of S/N>5, and conduct timing and spectral analyses for all of these sources. Coherent pulsations are detected from 12 X-ray sources; five of which are new discoveries. Most of the 12 X-ray pulsars are found to exhibit long-term flux variabilities, hence they are likely to be X-ray binary pulsars (XBPs). On the other hand, we classify four supernova remnants (SNRs) as thermal SNRs, because their spectra exhibit emission lines from highly ionized atoms. We find that XBPs and thermal SNRs in the SMC can be clearly separated by their hardness ratio (the ratio of the count rate between the hard and soft bands). Using this empirical grouping, we find many XBP candidates in the SMC, although no pulsations have yet been detected from these sources. Possible implications on the star-formation history and evolution of the SMC are presented by a comparison of the source populations in the SMC and our Galaxy.
description: 11 pages, 39 Figures, to be published in ApJ Supplement. Tables (body and figures also) are available at http://www-cr.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp/member/jun/job/
Infinitely many 4d $N=1$ SCFTs with $a=c$
Creators: name: Kang, Monica Jinwoo
name: Lawrie, Craig
name: Lee, Ki-Hong
name: Song, Jaewon
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: dimension: 4
symmetry: flavor
multiplet: chiral
field theory: conformal
infrared
flow
central charge

description: We study a rich set of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) with both central charges identical: $a = c$. We construct them via the diagonal $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauging of the flavor symmetry $G$ of a collection of $\mathcal{N}=2$ Argyres--Douglas theories of type $\mathcal{D}_p(G)$, with or without additional adjoint chiral multiplets. In this way, we construct infinitely-many theories that flow to interacting SCFTs with $a = c$ in the infrared. Finally, we briefly highlight the features of the SCFTs without $a = c$ that arise from generalizing this construction.
title: Pastoral groups and livestock holdings
title: Groupes pastoraux et propriétaires de bétail
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Verdier, Véronique
name: CIRAD-EMVT-FRA
Publisher: name: CIRAD-EMVT; CTA
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Élevage
subject: Bétail
subject: Effectif du cheptel
subject: Production animale
subject: Distribution des populations
subject: Distribution géographique
subject: Population rurale
subject: Soudan
subject: Afrique orientale
subject: Désert du Sahara
subject: L01 - Elevage - Considérations générales
subject: L01 - Animal husbandry

description: In : Livestock production and Sahelian rangelands potential. Republic of the Sudan = Élevage et potentialités pastorales sahéliennes. République du Soudan. CIRAD-EMVT, Range Pasture Administration (Soudan). 1993. Maisons-Alfort : CIRAD-EMVT-CTA, 33 p. ISBN 2-87614-088-8
On the Dipole Moments of Fermions at Two Loops
Creators: name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Krause, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complete two-loop electroweak corrections to leptonic anomalous magnetic moments have been calculated recently using asymptotic expansions of Feynman diagrams. Techniques developed in that context can also be applied to the electric dipole moments (EDM) of fermions. In the Standard Model the EDM was proved to vanish at two loops. In this talk we discuss a simplification of that proof.
description: Talk given at Cracow International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (CRAD96), 1-5 Aug 1996; 8 pages, latex
Newton-Okounkov bodies, cluster duality, and mirror symmetry for Grassmannians
Creators: name: Rietsch, Konstanze
name: Williams, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use cluster structures and mirror symmetry to explicitly describe a natural class of Newton-Okounkov bodies for Grassmannians. We consider the Grassmannian $X=Gr_{n-k}(\mathbb C^n)$, as well as the mirror dual Landau-Ginzburg model $(\check{X}^\circ, W_q:\check{X}^\circ \to \mathbb C)$, where $\check{X}^\circ$ is the complement of a particular anti-canonical divisor in a Langlands dual Grassmannian $\check{X} = Gr_k((\mathbb C^n)^*)$, and the superpotential W_q has a simple expression in terms of Plücker coordinates. Grassmannians simultaneously have the structure of an $\mathcal{A}$-cluster variety and an $\mathcal{X}$-cluster variety. Given a cluster seed G, we consider two associated coordinate systems: a $\mathcal X$-cluster chart $Φ_G:(\mathbb C^*)^{k(n-k)}\to X^{\circ}$ and a $\mathcal A$-cluster chart $Φ_G^{\vee}:(\mathbb C^*)^{k(n-k)}\to \check{X}^\circ$. To each $\mathcal X$-cluster chart $Φ_G$ and ample `boundary divisor' $D$ in $X\setminus X^{\circ}$, we associate a Newton-Okounkov body $Δ_G(D)$ in $\mathbb R^{k(n-k)}$, which is defined as the convex hull of rational points. On the other hand using the $\mathcal A$-cluster chart $Φ_G^{\vee}$ on the mirror side, we obtain a set of rational polytopes, described by inequalities, by writing the superpotential $W_q$ in the $\mathcal A$-cluster coordinates, and then "tropicalising". Our main result is that the Newton-Okounkov bodies $Δ_G(D)$ and the polytopes obtained by tropicalisation coincide. As an application, we construct degenerations of the Grassmannian to toric varieties corresponding to these Newton-Okounkov bodies. Additionally, when $G$ corresponds to a plabic graph, we give a formula for the lattice points of the Newton-Okounkov bodies, which has an interpretation in terms of quantum Schubert calculus.
description: 55 pages, many figures; to appear in Duke
title: Livestock movements
title: Les mouvements du bétail
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Verdier, Véronique
name: CIRAD-EMVT-FRA
Publisher: name: CIRAD-EMVT; CTA
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Élevage
subject: Bétail
subject: Transhumance
subject: Nomadisme
subject: Parcours
subject: Variation saisonnière
subject: Soudan
subject: Afrique orientale
subject: Désert du Sahara
subject: L01 - Elevage - Considérations générales
subject: L01 - Animal husbandry

description: In : Livestock production and Sahelian rangelands potential. Republic of the Sudan = Élevage et potentialités pastorales sahéliennes. République du Soudan. CIRAD-EMVT, Range Pasture Administration (Soudan). 1993. Maisons-Alfort : CIRAD-EMVT-CTA, 33 p. ISBN 2-87614-088-8
Reduction of superfluid gap by scattering
Creators: name: Bozek, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect nucleon dressing by scattering on the pairing gap in nuclear matter is discussed. Numerical results from self-consistent T-matrix calculations are compared to quasi-particle approximations. The dominant effect of scattering can be accounted for by a renormalization of the quasi-particle strength. The exponential sensitivity of the pairing gap and the critical temperature on the pairing strength makes it strongly dependent on many-body effects.
description: 13 pages, with 4 postscript figures included
title: Veterinary and marketing facilities
title: Installations vétérinaires et de commercialisation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: De Zborowski, Isolde
name: CIRAD-EMVT-FRA
Publisher: name: CIRAD-EMVT; CTA
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Bétail
subject: Commerce agricole
subject: Service vétérinaire
subject: Aide technique
subject: Marché à terme
subject: Soudan
subject: Afrique orientale
subject: Désert du Sahara
subject: L01 - Elevage - Considérations générales
subject: L01 - Animal husbandry

description: In : Livestock production and Sahelian rangelands potential. Republic of the Sudan = Élevage et potentialités pastorales sahéliennes. République du Soudan. CIRAD-EMVT, Range Pasture Administration (Soudan). 1993. Maisons-Alfort : CIRAD-EMVT-CTA, 33 p. ISBN 2-87614-088-8
Rho meson properties in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Polleri, A.
name: Broglia, R. A.
name: Pizzochero, P. M.
name: Scoccola, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some properties of the rho vector meson are calculated within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, including processes that go beyond the random phase approximation. To classify the higher order contributions, we adopt $1/N_c$ as expansion parameter. In particular, we evaluate the leading order contributions to the $ρ\rightarrow ππ$ decay width, obtaining the value $Γ= 118$ MeV, and to the shift of the rho mass which turns out to be lowered by 64 MeV with respect to its RPA value. A set of model parameters is determined accordingly.
description: 21 pages Latex, 4 figures, to be published in Z. Phys. A
title: 01_1382
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: Between the familiar and strange: Understanding good teaching in transnational education settings
Creators: name: Riedel, Marian
name: Moll, Rachel
Publisher: name: FIRE: Forum for International Research in Education
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Teachers--Training of
subject: Education--Study and teaching
subject: Transnational education

description: Little has been written about how or whether pre-service teachers construct understandings of good teaching during an international field placement; thus, a need arises to examine these contexts as sites to question, “How do we know what we know?” (Britzman, 2003, p. 58). Based on a qualitative study of six pre-service teachers participating in an international field placement within transnational education school settings – meaning the academic program and provider, as opposed to the student body, have moved from a home country [i.e., Canada] to a host country [in Asia] (Knight, 2016) – this article identified that comparative settings problematized understandings of good teaching. Central to these findings is situating understanding between what is familiar and that which interrupts understanding (what is strange), and dialogue as the medium by which understanding is made public. To move beyond a theory-into-practice paradigm in initial teacher education, results highlight a need to foster comparative experiences to engender change and challenge status quo narratives of what it means to teach and learn in teacher education.
S2 from Multiple adaptive and non-adaptive processes determine responsiveness to heterospecific alarm calls in African savannah herbivores
Creators: name: Meise, Kristine
name: Franks, Daniel W.
name: Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Additional information on the experimental design.
True versus apparent shapes of bow shocks
Creators: name: Tarango-Yong, Jorge A.
name: Henney, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical bow shocks are a common result of the interaction between two supersonic plasma flows, such as winds or jets from stars or active galaxies, or streams due to the relative motion between a star and the interstellar medium. For cylindrically symmetric bow shocks, we develop a general theory for the effects of inclination angle on the apparent shape. We propose a new two-dimensional classification scheme for bow shapes, which is based on dimensionless geometric ratios that can be estimated from observational images. The two ratios are related to the flatness of the bow's apex, which we term planitude and the openness of its wings, which we term alatude. We calculate the expected distribution in the planitude-alatude plane for a variety of simple geometrical and physical models: quadrics of revolution, wilkinoids, cantoids, and ancantoids. We further test our methods against numerical magnetohydrodynamical simulations of stellar bow shocks and find that the apparent planitude and alatude measured from infrared dust continuum maps serve as accurate diagnostics of the shape of the contact discontinuity, which can be used to discriminate between different physical models. We present an algorithm that can determine the planitude and alatude from observed bow shock emission maps with a precision of 10 to 20%.
description: 25 pages, 30 figures, 5 appendices, 105 equations, MNRAS (replaced with published version)
S3 from Multiple adaptive and non-adaptive processes determine responsiveness to heterospecific alarm calls in African savannah herbivores
Creators: name: Meise, Kristine
name: Franks, Daniel W.
name: Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Summary of models.
Development and Optimization of Composite Flours from Wheat and Pretreated Legumes: A Functional, Nutritional, and Formulation-Based Study
Creators: name: Essaidi, Ismahen
name: Ben Abdesslem, Souhir
name: Ben Slimen, Rym
name: Thabet, Chokri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The current research aimed to evaluate the potential of incorporating pulses into pre-processed local food crops. Germination and microwave heating were tested as pretreatments for legumes. Optimized novel composite flours of wheat and legumes were developed through fourteen experimental runs generated from three mixture components (pea, chickpea, and faba bean) using D-optimal mixture design, with three legumes supplementation levels (10,15 and 20%). Characterization of the legumes revealed that protein content, ash content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity were significantly influenced by the pretreatments, with notable enhancement observed during the germination process. Germinated faba bean emerged as the most effective legume, recording the lowest IC50 for the DPPH test (p<0.05) with a value of 0.01 mg/mL. The functional properties of the legume flours were also affected by the pretreatments. Characterization of the composite flour formulations indicated that the levels of legume supplementation, the type of pretreatment, and the legume variety significantly impacted flour color, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and the functional properties. These findings suggest that composite flours based on wheat and legumes, with up to 20% supplementation, can serve as a sustainable food-based strategy to enhance the nutritional quality of wheat flour.
The afterglows of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Chaffee, F.
name: Diercks, A.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Galama, T. J.
name: Goodrich, R. W.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Sari, R.
name: Yost, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray burst astronomy has undergone a revolution in the last three years, spurred by the discovery of fading long-wavelength counterparts. We now know that at least the long duration GRBs lie at cosmological distances with estimated electromagnetic energy release of 10**51 -- 10**53 erg, making these the brightest explosions in the Universe. In this article we review the current observational state, beginning with the statistics of X-ray, optical, and radio afterglow detections. We then discuss the insights these observations have given to the progenitor population, the energetics of the GRB events, and the physics of the afterglow emission. We focus particular attention on the evidence linking GRBs to the explosion of massive stars. Throughout, we identify remaining puzzles and uncertainties, and emphasize promising observational tools for addressing them. The imminent launch of HETE-2 and the increasingly sophisticated and coordinated ground-based and space-based observations have primed this field for fantastic growth.
description: To appear in Proc. of the 5th Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium, 21 pages, LaTeX
S4 from Multiple adaptive and non-adaptive processes determine responsiveness to heterospecific alarm calls in African savannah herbivores
Creators: name: Meise, Kristine
name: Franks, Daniel W.
name: Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Model comparison based on AICc.
title: Jacques Leibowitch, Dominique Mathez, "(Post) Modern HAART : Treat Harder or Later"
Creators: name: Mathez, Dominique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Résumé.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311113351713
Pion-nucleon interaction in a covariant hadron-exchange model
Creators: name: Pascalutsa, V.
name: Tjon, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a relativistic covariant and unitary description of the pion-nucleon interaction in a hadron-exchange model. The model is based on the solution of a dimensionally reduced (quasipotential) Bethe-Salpeter equation for the partial-wave off-shell $πN$ scattering amplitudes with the potential consisting of the field-theoretical $s$- and $u$-channel nucleon, Roper, Delta, $D_{13}$, $S_{11}$ exchanges, and the $t$-channel $ρ$ and $σ$ meson exchanges. The contributions of the spin-3/2 Delta and $D_{13}$ resonances are treated within the Rarita-Schwinger formalism and different forms of the $πNΔ$ vertex are investigated. The free parameters of the model are fitted to the $πN$ phase-shift data of the KH80 and SM95 partial-wave analyses in the region up to 600 MeV pion kinetic energy. The resulting on-shell solution provides a good description of the $πN$ scattering lengths, as well as the energy behavior of the S, P, and D partial waves. The sensitivity of the phase shifts on various model-dependent effects is examined.
description: 41 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Physical Review C
S1 from Multiple adaptive and non-adaptive processes determine responsiveness to heterospecific alarm calls in African savannah herbivores
Creators: name: Meise, Kristine
name: Franks, Daniel W.
name: Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Definition of the behaviours categorized in response to alarm calls.
High-Q Tamm plasmon-like resonance in spherical Bragg microcavity resonators
Creators: name: García-Puente, Yalina
name: Auguié, Baptiste
name: Kashyap, Raman
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5102
subject: Atomic, molecular and optical physics
classificationCode: 4006
subject: Communications engineering
classificationCode: 4009
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware

description: This work proposes what we believe to be a novel Tamm plasmon-like resonance supporting structure consisting of an Au/SiO2 core-shell metal nanosphere structure surrounded by a TiO2/SiO2 spherical Bragg resonator (SBR). The cavity formed between the core metal particle and the SBR supports a localized mode similar to Tamm plasmons in planar dielectric multilayers. Theoretical simulations reveal a sharp absorption peak in the SBR bandgap region, associated with this mode, together with strong local field enhancement. We studied the modification of a dipolar electric emitter's radiative and non-radiative decay rates in this resonant structure, resulting in a quantum efficiency of ∼90% for a dipole at a distance of r=60nm from the Au nanosphere surface. A 30-layer metal-SBR Tamm plasmon-like resonant supporting structure results in a Q up to ∼103. The Tamm plasmon-like mode is affected by the Bragg wavelength and the number of layers of the SBR, and the thickness of the spacer cavity layer. These results will open a new avenue for generating high-Q Tamm plasmon-like modes for switches, optical logic computing devices, and nonlinear applications.
title: 01_0933
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Decay mechanisms of superflow of Bose-Einstein condensates in ring traps
Creators: name: Kunimi, Masaya
name: Danshita, Ippei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the supercurrent decay of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a ring trap combined with a repulsive barrier potential. In recent experiments, Kumar {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 95}, 021602(R) (2017)] have measured the dependence of the decay rate on the temperature and the barrier strength. However, the origin of the decay observed in the experiment remains unclear. We calculate the rate of supercurrent decay due to thermally activated phase slips (TAPS) by using the Kramers formula based on the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field theory. The resulting decay rate is astronomically small compared to that measured in the experiment, thus excluding the possibility of TAPS as the decay mechanism. Alternatively, we argue that three-body losses can be relevant to the observed decay and predict that one can observe supercurrent decay via TAPS by decreasing the number of atoms.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Lipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated before, during and after Pregnancy in a Mouse Model of Gestational Diabetes
Creators: name: Furse, Samuel
name: Fernandez-Twinn, Denise S.
name: Chiarugi, Davide
name: Koulman, Albert
name: Ozanne, Susan E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: gestational diabetes
lipid metabolism
lipid traffic analysis
lipidomics
hyperglycaemia
mouse model

description: The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that maternal lipid metabolism was modulated during normal pregnancy and that these modulations are altered in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We tested this hypothesis using an established mouse model of diet-induced obesity with pregnancy-associated loss of glucose tolerance and a novel lipid analysis tool, Lipid Traffic Analysis, that uses the temporal distribution of lipids to identify differences in the control of lipid metabolism through a time course. Our results suggest that the start of pregnancy is associated with several changes in lipid metabolism, including fewer variables associated with de novo lipogenesis and fewer PUFA-containing lipids in the circulation. Several of the changes in lipid metabolism in healthy pregnancies were less apparent or occurred later in dams who developed GDM. Some changes in maternal lipid metabolism in the obese-GDM group were so late as to only occur as the control dams’ systems began to switch back towards the non-pregnant state. These results demonstrate that lipid metabolism is modulated in healthy pregnancy and the timing of these changes is altered in GDM pregnancies. These findings raise important questions about how lipid metabolism contributes to changes in metabolism during healthy pregnancies. Furthermore, as alterations in the lipidome are present before the loss of glucose tolerance, they could contribute to the development of GDM mechanistically.
Deep Neural Generative Model of Functional MRI Images for Psychiatric Disorder Diagnosis
Creators: name: Matsubara, Takashi
name: Tashiro, Tetsuo
name: Uehara, Kuniaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate diagnosis of psychiatric disorders plays a critical role in improving the quality of life for patients and potentially supports the development of new treatments. Many studies have been conducted on machine learning techniques that seek brain imaging data for specific biomarkers of disorders. These studies have encountered the following dilemma: A direct classification overfits to a small number of high-dimensional samples but unsupervised feature-extraction has the risk of extracting a signal of no interest. In addition, such studies often provided only diagnoses for patients without presenting the reasons for these diagnoses. This study proposed a deep neural generative model of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The proposed model is conditioned by the assumption of the subject's state and estimates the posterior probability of the subject's state given the imaging data, using Bayes' rule. This study applied the proposed model to diagnose schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Diagnostic accuracy was improved by a large margin over competitive approaches, namely classifications of functional connectivity, discriminative/generative models of region-wise signals, and those with unsupervised feature-extractors. The proposed model visualizes brain regions largely related to the disorders, thus motivating further biological investigation.
description: accepted version, 12 pages
Antisymmetry in Strangeness -1 and -2 Three-Baryon Systems
Creators: name: Gloeckle, W.
name: Miyagawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the generalized Pauli principle by adding particle labels to the usual space and spin labels a symmetric Hamiltonian and a corresponding antisymmetric wavefunction is constructed for systems of three baryons in the strangeness sectors $S=-1$ and -2. Applications are the $ΞNN-ΛΛN$ and $NNΛ-NNΣ$ systems. Minimal sets of generalized coupled Faddeev equations for breakup and rearrangement operators as well as (possible) bound states are derived which have the ordinary Pauli principle among identical particles built in. The equations found confirm our previous sets of coupled Faddeev equations for those systems whose derivation was carried through for distinguishable particles and not using the generalized Pauli principle.
description: 28 pages and 2 figures
Radiation-Driven Warping: The Origin of Warps and Precession in Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Maloney, Philip R.
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
name: Pringle, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometrically thin, optically thick, warped accretion disk with a central source of luminosity is subject to non-axisymmetric forces due to radiation pressure; the resulting torque acts to modify the warp. In a recent paper, \cite{pri96} used a local analysis to show that initially planar accretion disks are unstable to warping driven by radiation torque. Here we extend this work with a global analysis of the stable and unstable modes. We confirm Pringle's conclusion that thin centrally-illuminated accretion disks are generically unstable to warping via this mechanism; we discuss the time-evolution and likely steady-state of such systems and show specifically that this mechanism can explain the warping of the disk of water masers in NGC 4258 and the 164-day precession period of the accretion disk in SS 433. Radiation-driven warping and precession provides a robust mechanism for producing warped, precessing accretion disks in active galactic nuclei and X-ray binary systems.
description: 16 pages, latex, 3 figures
Akt phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate to limit PI3K-mediated PIP3 synthesis
Creators: name: Kearney, Alison L
name: Norris, Dougall M
name: Ghomlaghi, Milad
name: Kin Lok Wong, Martin
name: Humphrey, Sean J
name: Carroll, Luke
name: Yang, Guang
name: Cooke, Kristen C
name: Yang, Pengyi
name: Geddes, Thomas A
name: Shin, Sungyoung
name: Fazakerley, Daniel J
name: Nguyen, Lan K
name: James, David E
name: Burchfield, James G
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Cell Biology
Computational and Systems Biology
insulin
phosphorylation
plasma membrane
signal transduction
Akt
PI3K
Mouse
Human

description: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt network is tightly controlled by feedback mechanisms that regulate signal flow and ensure signal fidelity. A rapid overshoot in insulin-stimulated recruitment of Akt to the plasma membrane has previously been reported, which is indicative of negative feedback operating on acute timescales. Here, we show that Akt itself engages this negative feedback by phosphorylating insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 and 2 on a number of residues. Phosphorylation results in the depletion of plasma membrane-localised IRS1/2, reducing the pool available for interaction with the insulin receptor. Together these events limit plasma membrane-associated PI3K and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) synthesis. We identified two Akt-dependent phosphorylation sites in IRS2 at S306 (S303 in mouse) and S577 (S573 in mouse) that are key drivers of this negative feedback. These findings establish a novel mechanism by which the kinase Akt acutely controls PIP3 abundance, through post-translational modification of the IRS scaffold.
Probing light top partners with CP violation
Creators: name: Panico, Giuliano
name: Riembau, Marc
name: Vantalon, Thibaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate CP-violating effects induced by light top partners in composite Higgs theories. We find that sizable contributions to the dipole moments of the light SM quarks and leptons are generically generated at the two-loop level through Barr-Zee-type diagrams. The present constraints on the electron and neutron electric dipole moments translate into bounds on top partner masses of order few TeV and are competitive with the reach of LHC direct searches. Interestingly, we find that CP-violation effects are sensitive to the same operators that control top partner single production. Near-future improvements in the determination of the electron dipole moment will extend the reach on top partner masses beyond the 5 - 10 TeV range.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures; v2: typos corrected, matches published version
REAP-SOS: A REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING APPROACH FOR SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Duarte, Felipe Lima
name: Castro, Angélica Félix De
name: Queiroz, Paulo Gabriel Gadelha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80203 Computational Logic and Formal Languages
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A System of Systems (SoS) is a class of system composed of a set or arrangement of independent systems that together provide unique functionality for the end user. Due to its complexity, the Requirement Engineering (RE) process needs to undergo adaptations to fit the development of this type of system. In this context, the objective of this work is to propose a approach for the development of SoS, called REAP-SoS. The main characteristic of the REAP-SoS is the derivation of the individual missions and requirements of the constituent systems based on the general SoS assignments. In addition, the approach is also able to derive the requirements of the constituent systems of SoS. To validate the approach, a case study on a SoS urban traffic control and monitoring was performed.
Supersymmetric QCD correction to top-quark production at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Sullivan, Zack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the supersymmetric QCD correction to top-quark production at the Fermilab Tevatron, allowing for arbitrary left-right mixing of the squarks. We find that the correction is significant for several combinations of gluino and squark masses, e.g. +33% for m_{\tilde g}=200 GeV, m_{\tilde t} = m_{\tilde q} =75 GeV.
description: To appear Phys. Rev. D, added discussion of some references, two figures replaced with one, 15 pages, 7 ps figures included
Measuring the Nonlinear Biasing Function from a Galaxy Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Sigad, Yair
name: Branchini, Enzo
name: Dekel, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple method for evaluating the nonlinear biasing function of galaxies from a redshift survey. The nonlinear biasing is characterized by the conditional mean of the galaxy density fluctuation given the underlying mass density fluctuation, or by the associated parameters of mean biasing and nonlinearity (following Dekel & Lahav 1999). Using the distribution of galaxies in cosmological simulations, at smoothing of a few Mpc, we find that the mean biasing can be recovered to a good accuracy from the cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of galaxies and mass, despite the biasing scatter. Then, using a suite of simulations of different cosmological models, we demonstrate that the matter CDF is robust compared to the difference between it and the galaxy CDF, and can be approximated for our purpose by a cumulative log-normal distribution of 1+δwith a single parameter σ. Finally, we show how the nonlinear biasing function can be obtained with adequate accuracy directly from the observed galaxy CDF in redshift space. Thus, the biasing function can be obtained from counts in cells once the rms mass fluctuation at the appropriate scale is assumed a priori. The relative biasing function between different galaxy types is measurable in a similar way. The main source of error is sparse sampling, which requires that the mean galaxy separation be smaller than the smoothing scale. Once applied to redshift surveys such as PSCz, 2dF, SDSS, or DEEP, the biasing function can provide valuable constraints on galaxy formation and structure evolution.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in ApJ
Evidence of the interplay of genetics and culture in Ethiopia.
Creators: name: López, Saioa
name: Tarekegn, Ayele
name: Band, Gavin
name: Van Dorp, Lucy
name: Bird, Nancy
name: Morris, Sam
name: Oljira, Tamiru
name: Mekonnen, Ephrem
name: Bekele, Endashaw
name: Blench, Roger
name: Thomas, Mark G
name: Bradman, Neil
name: Hellenthal, Garrett
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Language
subject: Genetics, Population
subject: Haplotypes
subject: Multigene Family
subject: Cultural Diversity
subject: Religion
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: African Continental Ancestry Group
subject: Ethnic Groups
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Female
subject: Male
subject: Genetic Variation
subject: Social Factors

description: Funder: Department of Health
description: The rich linguistic, ethnic and cultural diversity of Ethiopia provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the level to which cultural factors correlate with-and shape-genetic structure in human populations. Using primarily new genetic variation data covering 1,214 Ethiopians representing 68 different ethnic groups, together with information on individuals' birthplaces, linguistic/religious practices and 31 cultural practices, we disentangle the effects of geographic distance, elevation, and social factors on the genetic structure of Ethiopians today. We provide evidence of associations between social behaviours and genetic differences among present-day peoples. We show that genetic similarity is broadly associated with linguistic affiliation, but also identify pronounced genetic similarity among groups from disparate language classifications that may in part be attributable to recent intermixing. We also illustrate how groups reporting the same culture traits are more genetically similar on average and show evidence of recent intermixing, suggesting that shared cultural traits may promote admixture. In addition to providing insights into the genetic structure and history of Ethiopia, we identify the most important cultural and geographic predictors of genetic differentiation and provide a resource for designing sampling protocols for future genetic studies involving Ethiopians.
Ground-$γ$ band coupling in heavy deformed nuclei and SU(3) contraction limit
Creators: name: Minkov, Nikolay
name: Drenska, S. B.
name: Raychev, P. P.
name: Roussev, R. P.
name: Bonatsos, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytic expressions for the energies and $B(E2)$-transition probabilities in the states of the ground and $γ$ bands of heavy deformed nuclei within a collective Vector-Boson Model with SU(3) dynamical symmetry. On this basis we examine the analytic behavior of the SU(3) energy splitting and the B(E2) interband transition ratios in the SU(3) contraction limits of the model. The theoretical analyses outline physically reasonable ways in which the ground-$γ$ band coupling vanishes. The experimental data on the lowest collective states of even-even rare earth nuclei and actinides strongly support the theoretical results. They suggest that a transition from the ground-$γ$ band coupling scheme to a scheme in which the ground band is situated in a separate irreducible representation of SU(3) should be realized towards the midshell regions. We propose that generally the SU(3) group contraction process should play an important role for such a kind of transitions in any collective band coupling scheme in heavy deformed nuclei.
description: 24 pages (LaTeX), 7 figures (12 postscript files)
An Overview of Textual Semantic Similarity Measures Based on Web Intelligence
Creators: name: J. M. Gil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80604 Database Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80105 Expert Systems
subject: 80606 Global Information Systems

description: Computing the semantic similarity between terms (or short text expressions) that have the same meaning but which are not lexicographically similar is a key challenge in many computer related fields. The problem is that traditional approaches to semantic similarity measurement are not suitable for all situations, for example, many of them often fail to deal with terms not covered by synonym dictionaries or are not able to cope with acronyms, abbreviations, buzzwords, brand names, proper nouns, and so on. In this paper, we present and evaluate a collection of emerging techniques developed to avoid this problem. These techniques use some kinds of web intelligence to determine the degree of similarity between text expressions. These techniques implement a variety of paradigms including the study of co-occurrence, text snippet comparison, frequent pattern finding, or search log analysis. The goal is to substitute the traditional techniques where necessary.