Olgania Hickman 1979
Creators: name: Rix, Michael
name: Harvey, Mark
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Micropholcommatidae
Olgania

description: Genus <i>Olgania</i> Hickman, 1979 <i>Olgania</i> Hickman, 1979: 71. Type species by original designation <i>Olgania excavata</i> Hickman, 1979. Brignoli, 1983: 372. Davies, 1985: 55. Transferred from Anapidae to Micropholcommatidae by Platnick &amp; Forster, 1989: 76. Platnick, 2009. <b>Affinities.</b> The genus <i>Olgania</i> appears to be the sister-lineage to <i>Taphiassa</i> from Australasia (Fig. 4). <b>Diagnosis.</b> Species of <i>Olgania</i> can be distinguished from species of <i>Taphiassa</i> by the presence of six or fewer eyes (Figs 177C, 182C), and by the presence of a very large, wedge-shaped anterior sclerite which covers the entire anterior portion of the abdomen (Figs 176D, 177A). Other diagnostic characters include the presence of bulging anterior projections on the male chelicerae (Figs 188A, 190F), the presence of a ring of prominent sclerotic sigillae on the posterior abdomen (Fig. 177B), and the troglomorphic morphology of most species (Fig. 179). <b>Description.</b> Very small, entelegyne Araneoidea: total length 0.90 to 1.20. <i>Cephalothorax</i>: Carapace with glandular depressions above maxillae; cuticle of carapace and sternum heavily punctate, covered with glandular pits (Fig. 188); margins fused to sternum via pleural sclerites. Six (Fig. 177C) or no (Fig. 182C) eyes present on anterior margin of pars cephalica; AME absent. Chelicerae with or (rarely) without bulging anterior projections in males; promargin with two true teeth (Fig. 190B); fused setal sockets, peg teeth and ectal stridulatory ridges absent. <i>Legs and female pedipalp</i>: Legs three-clawed (Fig. 191D), covered with smooth or serrate hair-like setae. Trichobothria present on legs; tibiae each with three (legs I–III) or four (legs III–IV) trichobothria; metatarsi (legs I–III) each with single trichobothrium (Fig. 191C). Female pedipalp entire, five-segmented; claw absent (Fig. 190C–D). <i>Abdomen</i>: Abdomen subtriangular in lateral view, with very large, wedge-shaped anterior sclerite present around epigastric region and petiole, extending anteriorly and laterally to cover entire anterior portion of abdomen (Figs 176D, 177A); dorsal scute absent on males and females (Fig. 176A–B); posterior abdomen thickened around dorsal and lateral margins of anterior sclerite, with ring of sclerotic sigillae (Fig. 177B) and sclerotic ring surrounding spinnerets and colulus. Six spinnerets situated posterior to fleshy colulus; ALS largest; PMS smallest; spigot morphology unknown. Anterior tracheal system well-developed, with multiple anteriorly-directed tracheae (Fig. 178A); posterior tracheal spiracle vestigial (Figs 189C–D). <i>Genitalia</i>: Male pedipalp (Fig. 192) small to large; patella with retrolaterally-directed, hooked ligulate retrolateral apophysis and strongly recurved distal apophysis; tibia with or without pair of large prolateral macrosetae; tegulum smooth, with curved, marginal evaginated tegular ridge; embolus exposed, long (length&gt; 5× width), sometimes coiled. Female genitalia (Fig. 178) with pair of separate, globular anterior receptacula each with internal ducts; insemination ducts looped or coiled; fertilisation ducts simple, curved. <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from Tasmania (Fig. 213). <b>Composition.</b> <i>Olgania excavata</i> Hickman, 1979 and the four new species <i>O. cracroft</i>, <i>O. eberhardi</i>, <i>O. troglodytes</i> and <i>O. weld</i>. <b>Taxonomic remarks.</b> The genus <i>Olgania</i> was first described by Hickman (1979) in the family Anapidae, before being transferred to the Micropholcommatidae by Platnick and Forster (1989: 76). The close phylogenetic relationship between <i>Olgania</i> and <i>Taphiassa</i> was first noted by Rix et al. (2008), and the two genera now form the distinctive subfamily Taphiassinae.
description: Published as part of <i>Rix, Michael &amp; Harvey, Mark, 2010, The spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneoidea): a relimitation and revision at the generic level, pp. 1-321 in ZooKeys 36 (36)</i> on pages 90-91, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.36.306, http://zenodo.org/record/576620
description: {"references": ["Hickman VV (1979) Some Tasmanian spiders of the families Oonopidae, Anapidae and Mysmenidae. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 113: 53 - 79.", "Brignoli PM (1983) A Catalogue of the Araneae Described Between 1940 and 1981. Manchester University Press, Manchester, 755 pp.", "Davies VT (1985) Araneomorphae (in part). In: Walton DW (Ed) Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 3. Mygalomorphae, Araneomorphae (in part), Pseudoscorpionida, Amblypygi and Palpigradi. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 48 - 125.", "Platnick NI, Forster RR (1989) A revision of the temperate South American and Australasian spiders of the family Anapidae (Araneae, Araneoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 190: 1 - 139.", "Platnick NI (2009) The World Spider Catalog, Version 10.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York. http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / [accessed 20. X. 2009]", "Rix MG, Harvey MS, Roberts JD (2008) Molecular phylogenetics of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae) using nuclear rRNA genes (18 S and 28 S). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 1031 - 1048."]}