cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy on Electronic Structure and Electron-Phonon Coupling in Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Zhou, X. J.
name: Cuk, T.
name: Devereaux, T.
name: Nagaosa, N.
name: Shen, Z. -X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This treatise reviews latest results obtained from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on cuprate superconductors, with a special focus on the electron-phonon interaction. What has emerged is rich information about the anomalous electron-phonon interaction well beyond the traditional views of the subject. It exhibits strong doping, momentum and phonon symmetry dependence, and shows complex interplay with the strong electron-electron interaction in these materials.
description: 36 pages; 46 figures; to be published as a chapter in "Treatise of High Temperature Superconductivity", edited by J. Robert Schrieffer
On the elastoplastic behavior in collisional compression of spherical dust aggregates
Creators: name: Arakawa, Sota
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Kokubo, Eiichiro
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Tatsuuma, Misako
name: Nishiura, Daisuke
name: Furuichi, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aggregates consisting of submicron-sized cohesive dust grains are ubiquitous, and understanding the collisional behavior of dust aggregates is essential. It is known that low-speed collisions of dust aggregates result in either sticking or bouncing, and local and permanent compaction occurs near the contact area upon collision. In this study, we perform numerical simulations of collisions between two aggregates and investigate their compressive behavior. We find that the maximum compression length is proportional to the radius of aggregates and increases with the collision velocity. We also reveal that a theoretical model of contact between two elastoplastic spheres successfully reproduces the size- and velocity-dependence of the maximum compression length observed in our numerical simulations. Our findings on the plastic deformation of aggregates during collisional compression provide a clue to understanding the collisional growth process of aggregates.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Granular Matter
La creatività nel mobile language learning attraverso l’applicazione LingoBee del progetto europeo SIMOLA
Creators: name: Cacchione, Annamaria
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

In questo articolo si analizza l’idea di mobilità e creatività dell’apprendimento di lingue seconde attraverso l’uso di un’applicazione chiamata LingoBee, sviluppata e testata nell’ambito del progetto Europeo LLP KA3 SIMOLA (Situated Mobile Language Learning), guidato dal Dipartimento di Computer Science dell’Università di Brighton.

LingoBee è concepita come un’applicazione per dispositivi mobili Android e funziona in base ai principi del crowd-sourcing[1] e del social networking per offrire un supporto all’apprendimento informale delle lingue. Gli apprendenti possono creare contenuti propri e condividerli con gli altri apprendenti attraverso un ‘deposito’ condiviso (repository).

La sperimentazione del progetto ha consentito di analizzare i contenuti creati dagli apprendenti di diverse lingue europee (Inglese, Norvegese, Italiano, Ungherese, Lituano) per identificare, tra le altre cose, se e in che modo l’apprendimento passasse attraverso un processo creativo.

Sono state rintracciate tre forme diverse di creatività: a) la creatività che scaturisce da specifiche situazioni contestuali – quelli che i ricercatori hanno chiamato ‘momenti LingoBee’; b) la costruzione collaborativa e creativa di contenuti e c) l’uso creativo del linguaggio. In questo articolo vengono presentati e discussi esempi di ciascuna delle tre forme di creatività.

This paper analyses the idea of mobility and creativity in the language learning process via an app called LingoBee, developed and tested within the European LLP KA3 SIMOLA (Situated Mobile Language Learning) project, led by the Computer Science Department of the University of Brighton, UK.

LingoBee is conceived as an Android based app to support informal language learning following the principles of crowd-sourcing and social networking. Learners can create their own contents and share them with others via a shared repository.

The project trial phase allowed to analyse the entries created by learners of several European languages (English, Norwegian, Italian, Hungarian, Lithuanian) to identify if and how the learning process was creative. Three main different forms of creativity were singled out: a) creativity coming from specific contextual situations – that researchers called ‘LingoBee moments’; b) collaborative and creative construction of contents and c) creative use of language. Examples of each of these three forms of creativity are presented and discussed.

[1] Con il termine crowdsourcing si intende essenzialmente la pratica di ottenere servizi, idee o attraverso comunità on line di utenti. Wikipedia rappresenta il più noto esempio educativo di crowdsourcing.

description: EL.LE
Optical cycling of AlF molecules
Creators: name: Hofsäss, Simon
name: Doppelbauer, Maximilian
name: Wright, Sid
name: Kray, Sebastian
name: Sartakov, Boris
name: Pérez-Ríos, Jesús
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Truppe, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aluminium monofluoride (AlF) is a promising candidate for laser cooling and trapping at high densities. We show efficient production of AlF in a bright, pulsed cryogenic buffer gas beam, and demonstrate rapid optical cycling on the Q rotational lines of the $A^1Π\leftrightarrow X^1Σ^+ $ transition. We measure the brightness of the molecular beam to be $>10^{12}$ molecules per steradian per pulse in a single rotational state and present a new method to determine its velocity distribution in a single shot. The photon scattering rate of the optical cycling scheme is measured using three different methods, and is compared to theoretical predictions of the optical Bloch equations and a simplified rate equation model. Despite the large number of Zeeman sublevels (up to 216 for the Q(4) transition) involved, a high scattering rate of at least $17(2)\times 10^6$ s$^{-1}$ can be sustained using a single, fixed-frequency laser without the need to modulate the polarisation. We deflect the molecular beam using the radiation pressure force and measure an acceleration of $8.7(1.5)\times 10^5$ m/s$^2$. We demonstrate that losses from the optical cycle due to vibrational branching to $X^1Σ^+, v''=1$ can be addressed efficiently with a single repump laser. Further, we investigate two other loss channels, parity mixing by stray electric fields and photo-ionisation. The upper bounds for these effects are sufficiently low to allow loading into a magneto optical trap.
Integrable spin-boson models descending from rational six-vertex models
Creators: name: Amico, L.
name: Frahm, H.
name: Osterloh, A.
name: Ribeiro, G. A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct commuting transfer matrices for models describing the interaction between a single quantum spin and a single bosonic mode using the quantum inverse scattering framework. The transfer matrices are obtained from certain inhomogeneous rational vertex models combining bosonic and spin representations of SU(2), subject to non-diagonal toroidal and open boundary conditions. Only open boundary conditions are found to lead to integrable Hamiltonians combining both rotating and counter-rotating terms in the interaction. If the boundary matrices can be brought to triangular form simultaneously, the spectrum of the model can be obtained by means of the algebraic Bethe ansatz after a suitable gauge transformation; the corresponding Hamiltonians are found to be non-hermitian. Alternatively, a certain quasi-classical limit of the transfer matrix is considered where hermitian Hamiltonians are obtained as members of a family of commuting operators; their diagonalization, however, remains an unsolved problem.
description: 16 pages, 2 eps figures
Mobile learning nella classe d’italiano L2
Creators: name: Hirzinger-Unterrainer, Eva Maria
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

Questo saggio focalizza l’attenzione sull'acquisizione del lessico tramite l’utilizzo dei nuovi media e presenta alcuni risultati di uno studio empirico con alunni di italiano L2.

description: EL.LE
What is the origin of the soft excess in AGN?
Creators: name: Sobolewska, Malgorzata A.
name: Done, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of the soft excess below 1 keV observed in AGN. We use the XMM-Newton data of the low redshift, optically bright quasar, PG 1211+143, and we compare it with the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy, 1H 0707-495, which has one of the strongest soft excesses seen. We test various ideas for the origin of the soft X-ray excess, including a separate spectral component (for example, low temperature Comptonized emission), a reflection-dominated model, or a complex absorption model. All three can give good fits to the data, and chi^2 fitting criteria are not sufficient to discriminate among them. Instead, we favour the complex absorption model on the grounds that it requires less extreme parameters. In particular the geometry appears to be more physically plausible as the reflected component in the smeared absorption model is no longer dominant, and relativistic distortions, while still clearly present, are not tremendously larger than expected for a disc around a Schwarzchild black hole.
description: MNRAS accepted
Singular Self-dual Zollfrei Metrics and Twistor Correspondence
Creators: name: Nakata, Fuminori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C28

description: We construct examples of singular self-dual Zollfrei metrics explicitly, by patching a pair of Petean's self-dual split-signature metrics. We prove that there is a natural one-to-one correspondence between these singular metrics and a certain set of embeddings of $RP^3$ to $CP^3$ which has one singular point. This embedding corresponds to an odd function on $R$ that is rapidly decreasing and pure imaginary valued. The one-to-one correspondence is explicitly given by using the Radon transform.
description: 25pages
Pion and muon production in electron-positron photon plasma
Creators: name: Kuznetsova, Inga
name: Habs, Dietrich
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study production and equilibration of pions and muons in relativistic electron-positron-photon plasma at a temperature $T\ll m_μ, m_π$. We argue that the observation of pions and muons can be a diagnostic tool in the study of the initial properties of such a plasma formed by means of strong laser fields. Conversely, properties of muons and pions in thermal environment become accessible to precise experimental study.
description: 16 pages, v3 imporved presentation in response to PRD review, v4 minor corrections presumably the "to be" published version
Developing autonomous second language learners in a content class
Creators: name: Fahnestock, Nancy
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

This paper describes a small-scale study which attempts to develop more autonomous second language (L2) learners in a content class, with the use of an interactive tool called ALEKS [http://www.aleks.com/].  ALEKS  is an online version of math curriculum ranging from elementary to higher level calculus classes and is readily available to schools and colleges throughout the world. In this study, I used the curriculum for Foundations Level Math students in year one in college. The student’s overall satisfaction was measured using questionnaires. After a brief investigation of student autonomy within this culture, a discussion will follow regarding learner awareness and self-evaluation and the overall success of this tool for this particular population of students. The dilemma over whether this is merely another tool for the traditional classroom or if understanding is truly enhanced using this pedagogical approach, thus creating more autonomous learners, will ultimately be answered.

description: EL.LE
Direct measurement of the size of 2003 UB313 from the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Brown, M. E.
name: Schaller, E. L.
name: Roe, H. G.
name: Rabinowitz, D. L.
name: Trujillo, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Hubble Space Telescope to directly measure the angular size of the large Kuiper belt object 2003 UB313. By carefully calibrating the point spread function of a nearby field star, we measure the size of 2003 UB313 to be 34.3$\pm$1.4 milliarcseconds, corresponding to a diameter of 2400$\pm$100 km or a size $\sim5$% larger than Pluto. The V band geometric albedo of 2003 UB313 is $86\pm7$%. The extremely high albedo is consistent with the frosty methane spectrum, the lack of red coloring, and the lack of observed photometric variation on the surface of 2003 UB313. Methane photolysis should quickly darken the surface of 2003 UB313, but continuous evaporation and redeposition of surface ices appears capable of maintaining the extreme alebdo of this body.
Phononic engineering with nanostructures for hot carrier solar cells
Creators: name: Guillemoles, Jean Francois
name: Conibeer, Gavin
name: Green, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot Carrier solar cells have long been recognized as an attractive contender in the search for high efficiency photovoltaic devices but their fabrication requires solution of two important material challenges: finding materials with drastically reduced carrier cooling rates and realization of selective energy contacts to extract the photogenerated carriers. This paper is concerned with the problem of absorber phononic engineering to reduce carrier cooling rates. The physics of carrier cooling is explored and experimental data of other authors are discussed with a view to assessing the potential of state-of-the art nanostructured materials for PV conversion. A tentative initial calculation based on the thermalisation in these nanostructures and assuming all other aspects as ideal, gives 54% efficiency at 2500suns as compared to 54% for no thermalisation at all. Phononic band gap engineering to further reduce carrier cooling or bring down the threshold concentration is discussed.
YANGI O'ZBEKISTONDA MAHALLALARGA E'TIBOR  DOLZARB MASALA
Creators: name: Nurmatova, Iroda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Koʻpchilik mahalla haqida soʻz yuritganda uning vujudga kelishi va rivojlanishi juda qadim tarix sahifalariga borib taqalishi haqida soʻz yuritishadi. Chindan ham shunday. “Mahalla” atamasining kelib chiqishi ham uzoq tarixga borib taqaladi va u arabcha soʻz boʻlib oʻzbek tilidagi “joy” maʼnosini bildiruvchi “mahallun” soʻzidan kelib chiqqan. U turli mintaqalarda mahallot (joy), guzar, jamoa, elat, elod nomlarida atalib kelingan. Ammo mahalla nafaqat tarix, balki bugungi va ertangi kunimizni ham tutashtirib turuvchi maskan hisoblanadi. Shu bilan birga mahalla milliyligimiz timsoli hamda qadryatlar va urf-odatlarni avloddan avlodga yetkazuvchi ijtimoiy makon sifatida, oʻzligimizni anglashga, milliy gʻurur va vataparvarlikni yuksaltirishga xizmat qiladi.
Self-interacting scalar dark matter around binary black holes
Creators: name: Aurrekoetxea, Josu C.
name: Marsden, James
name: Clough, Katy
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves can provide crucial insights about the environments in which black holes live. In this work, we use numerical relativity simulations to study the behaviour of self-interacting scalar (wave-like) dark matter clouds accreting onto isolated and binary black holes. We find that repulsive self-interactions smoothen the ``spike'' of an isolated black hole and saturate the density. Attractive self-interactions enhance the growth and result in more cuspy profiles, but can become unstable and undergo explosions akin to the superradiant bosenova that reduce the local cloud density. We quantify the impact of self-interactions on an equal-mass black hole merger by computing the dephasing of the gravitational-wave signal for a range of couplings. We find that repulsive self-interactions saturate the density of the cloud, thereby reducing the dephasing. For attractive self-interactions, the dephasing may be larger, but if these interactions dominate prior to the merger, the dark matter can undergo bosenova during the inspiral phase, disrupting the cloud and subsequently reducing the dephasing.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 movie: https://youtu.be/ZeoMlUHknUM. Matches version published in PRD
Additional file 1: of RNA-Seq and iTRAQ reveal multiple pathways involved in storage root formation and development in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Creators: name: Dong, Tingting
name: Zhu, Mingku
name: Yu, Jiawen
name: Han, Rongpeng
name: Tang, Cheng
name: Xu, Tao
name: Liu, Jingran
name: Li, Zongyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. The number of genes annotated in seven databases of transcriptome. (PDF 115 kb)
Electronic laboratory notekeeping at the Göttingen Campus
Creators: name: Kusch, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Electronic Laboratory Notebook
Research Data Management

description: Am 02.12.2021 fand im Rahmen der Veranstaltungsreihe NFDI4Ing-Forum ein Workshop zur Nutzung elektronischer Laborbücher in der Lehre statt. Dieser dort gehaltene Vortrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Einsatz verschiedener elektronischer Laborbücher an der Universität Göttingen wie er sich aktuell darstellt und wagt einen Ausblick auf zukünftige Entwicklungen. Die weiteren Vorträge der Veranstaltung werden getrennt hochgeladen und mit dem Datensatz der Ergebnissammlung verknüpft.
Cascade atom in high-Q cavity: The spectrum for non-Markovian decay
Creators: name: Dalton, B. J.
name: Garraway, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emission spectrum for a three level cascade configuration atom in a single mode high-Q cavity coupled to a zero temperature reservoir of continuum external modes is determined from the atom-cavity mode master equation using the quantum regression theorem. Initially the atom is in its upper state and the cavity mode empty of photons. Following Glauber, the spectrum is defined via the response of a detector atom. Spectra are calculated for the detector located inside the cavity (case A), outside the cavity end mirror (Case B-end emission), or placed for emission out the side of the cavity (Case C). The spectra for case A and case B are found to be essentially the same. In all the cases the predicted lineshapes are free of instrumental effects and only due to cavity decay. Spectra are presented for intermediate and strong coupling regime situations (where both atomic transitions are resonant with the cavity frequency), for cases of non-zero cavity detuning, and for cases where the two atomic transition frequencies differ. The spectral features for Cases B(A) and C are qualitatively similar, with six spectral peaks for resonance cases and eight for detuned cases. These general features of the spectra can be understood via the dressed atom model. However, Case B and C spectra differ in detail, with the latter exhibiting a deep spectral hole at the cavity frequency due to quantum interference effects.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures; v2: very minor correction to two equations, thicker lines in some figures
The problem of prescribed critical functions
Creators: name: Humbert, Emmanuel
name: Vaugon, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 46E35, 26D10

description: Let $(M,g)$ be a compact Riemannian manifold on dimension $n \geq 4$ not conformally diffeomorphic to the sphere $S^n$. We prove that a smooth function $f$ on $M$ is a critical function for a metric $\tilde{g}$ conformal to $g$ if and only if there exists $x \in M$ such that $f(x)>0$.
State Machine Mutation-based Testing Framework for Wireless Communication Protocols
Creators: name: Rashid, Syed Md Mukit
name: Wu, Tianwei
name: Tu, Kai
name: Ishtiaq, Abdullah Al
name: Tanvir, Ridwanul Hasan
name: Dong, Yilu
name: Chowdhury, Omar
name: Hussain, Syed Rafiul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes Proteus, a protocol state machine, property-guided, and budget-aware automated testing approach for discovering logical vulnerabilities in wireless protocol implementations. Proteus maintains its budget awareness by generating test cases (i.e., each being a sequence of protocol messages) that are not only meaningful (i.e., the test case mostly follows the desirable protocol flow except for some controlled deviations) but also have a high probability of violating the desirable properties. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we evaluated Proteus in two different protocol implementations, namely 4G LTE and BLE, across 23 consumer devices (11 for 4G LTE and 12 for BLE). Proteus discovered 25 unique issues, including 112 instances. Affected vendors have positively acknowledged 14 vulnerabilities through 5 CVEs.
description: Accepted to ACM CCS 2024
A micropolar continuum model of diffusion creep
Creators: name: Rudge, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid polycrystalline materials undergoing diffusion creep are usually described by Cauchy continuum models with a Newtonian viscous rheology dependent on the grain size. Such a continuum lacks the rotational degrees of freedom needed to describe grain rotation. Here we provide a more general continuum description of diffusion creep that includes grain rotation, and identifies the deformation of the material with that of a micropolar (Cosserat) fluid. We derive expressions for the micropolar constitutive tensors by a homogenisation of the physics describing a discrete collection of rigid grains, demanding an equivalent dissipation between the discrete and continuum descriptions. General constitutive laws are derived for both Coble (grain-boundary diffusion) and Nabarro-Herring (volume diffusion) creep. Detailed calculations are performed for a two-dimensional tiling of irregular hexagonal grains, which illustrates a potential coupling between the rotational and translational degrees of freedom. If only the plating out or removal of material at grain boundaries is considered, the constitutive laws are degenerate: modes of deformation that involve pure tangential motion at the grain boundaries are not resisted. This degeneracy can be removed by including the resistance to grain-boundary sliding, or by imposing additional constraints on the deformation.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Optimal rates and adaptation in the single-index model using aggregation
Creators: name: Gaïffas, Stéphane
name: Lecué, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G08 (Primary); 62H12 (Secondary)

description: We want to recover the regression function in the single-index model. Using an aggregation algorithm with local polynomial estimators, we answer in particular to the second part of Question~2 from Stone (1982) on the optimal convergence rate. The procedure constructed here has strong adaptation properties: it adapts both to the smoothness of the link function and to the unknown index. Moreover, the procedure locally adapts to the distribution of the design. We propose new upper bounds for the local polynomial estimator (which are results of independent interest) that allows a fairly general design. The behavior of this algorithm is studied through numerical simulations. In particular, we show empirically that it improves strongly over empirical risk minimization.
description: 36 pages
A new market model in the large volatility case
Creators: name: Hirashita, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91B24, 91B28

description: We will compare three types of prices, namely, rational (hedging) prices, geometric (growth rate) prices, and martingale (measure) prices. We will show that rational prices in the complete market theory are sometimes contrary to common sense. In the continuous-time case, we insist that the market model should differ between the small volatility case and the large volatility case.
description: 5 pages
Galaxy assembly bias in the stellar-to-halo mass relation for red central galaxies from SDSS
Creators: name: Oyarzún, Grecco A.
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Bundy, Kevin
name: Xhakaj, Enia
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report evidence of galaxy assembly bias - the correlation between galaxy properties and biased secondary halo properties at fixed halo mass (M$_H$) - in the stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR) for red central galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In the M$_H = 10^{11.5}-10^{13.5} h^{-1}$ M$_{\odot}$ range, central galaxy stellar mass (M$_*$) is correlated with the number density of galaxies within $10 h^{-1}$ Mpc ($δ_{10}$), a common proxy for halo formation time. This galaxy assembly bias signal is also present when M$_H$, M$_*$, and $δ_{10}$ are substituted with group luminosity, galaxy luminosity, and metrics of the large-scale density field. To associate differences in $δ_{10}$ with variations in halo formation time, we fitted a model that accounts for (1) errors in the M$_H$ measured by the Tinker 2021, 2022 group catalog and (2) the level of correlation between halo formation time and M$_*$ at fixed M$_H$. Fitting of this model yields that (1) errors in M$_H$ are 0.15 dex and (2) halo formation time and M$_*$ are strongly correlated (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ~0.85). At fixed M$_H$, variations of ~0.4 dex in M$_*$ are associated with ~1-3 Gyr variations in halo formation time and in galaxy formation time (from stellar population fitting; Oyarzún et al. 2022). These results are indicative that halo properties other than M$_H$ can impact central galaxy assembly.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 11 pages and 6 figures
Exact Nonperturbative Renormalization
Creators: name: Crompton, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an exact renormalization group equation for Lattice Gauge Theories, that has no dependence on the lattice spacing. We instead relate the lattice spacing properties directly to the continuum convergence of the support of each local plaquette. Equivalently, this is formulated as a convergence prescription for a characteristic polynomial in the gauge coupling that allows the exact meromorphic continuation of a nonperturbative system arbitrarily close to the continuum limit.
description: 12 pages
Investigating The Physics Case of Running a B-Factory at the Y(5S) Resonance
Creators: name: Baracchini, E.
name: Bona, M.
name: Ciuchini, M.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Pierini, M.
name: Piredda, G.
name: Renga, F.
name: Silvestrini, L.
name: Stocchi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the physics case of a high luminosity B-Factory running at the Y(5S) resonance. We show that the coherence of the B meson pairs is preserved at this resonance, and that Bs can be well distinguished from Bd and charged B mesons. These facts allow to cover the physics program of a traditional B-Factory and, at the same time, to perform complementary measurements which are not accessible at the Y(4S). In particular we show how, despite the experimental limitations in performing time-dependent measurements of Bs decays, the same experimental information can be extracted, in several cases, from the determination of time-integrated observables. In addition, a few examples of the potentiality in measuring rare Bs decays are given. Finally, we discuss how the study of Bs meson will improve the constraints on New Physics parameters in the Bs sector, in the context of the generalized Unitarity Triangle analysis.
description: 47 pages, 22 figures
Instability of complex CFTs with operators in the principal series
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the instability of $d$-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) having in the operator-product expansion of two fundamental fields a primary operator of scaling dimension $h=d/2+i r$, with non-vanishing $ r\in\mathbb{R}$. From an AdS/CFT point of view, this corresponds to a well-known tachyonic instability, associated to a violation of the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound in AdS${}_{d+1}$; we derive it here directly for generic $d$-dimensional CFTs that can be obtained as limits of multiscalar quantum field theories, by applying the harmonic analysis for the Euclidean conformal group to perturbations of the conformal solution in the two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective action. Some explicit examples are discussed, such as melonic tensor models and the biscalar fishnet model.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures. v2: corrected a few typos; v3: added some references, matches published version
Additional file 5: of Transketolase (TKT) activity and nuclear localization promote hepatocellular carcinoma in a metabolic and a non-metabolic manner
Creators: name: Qin, Zhaoyu
name: Xiang, Chan
name: Zhong, Fan
name: Liu, Yang
name: Dong, Qiongzhu
name: Li, Kai
name: Shi, Wenhao
name: Ding, Chen
name: Qin, Lunxiu
name: He, Fuchu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. The cell cycle and glucose consumption assays of TKT overexpression cell lines. A. Effect of TKT and TKT mutants on cell cycle distribution of Huh7 cells. B. TKT wild type overexpression promoted the transition from G0/G1 to S phase, and the NLS mutant decrease the cell cycle regulating function of TKT. C. Although TKT enzyme-inactivating mutant D155A reduced the function of regulating cell cycle, the expression of TKT-D155A still increased the percentage of S phase, suggesting there would be a non-metabolic mechanism of TKT to regulate cell cycle. D. TKT-K6R-D155A double mutation would abolish the function of regulating cell cycle. E. The glucose consumption of TKT, NLS mutation and enzyme-inactivating mutation overexpressing cell lines. (PDF 358 kb)
Kinetic market models with single commodity having price fluctuations
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Chakrabarti, Bikas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study here numerically the behavior of an ideal gas like model of markets having only one non-consumable commodity. We investigate the behavior of the steady-state distributions of money, commodity and total wealth, as the dynamics of trading or exchange of money and commodity proceeds, with local (in time) fluctuations in the price of the commodity. These distributions are studied in markets with agents having uniform and random saving factors. The self-organizing features in money distribution are similar to the cases without any commodity (or with consumable commodities), while the commodity distribution shows an exponential decay. The wealth distribution shows interesting behavior: Gamma like distribution for uniform saving propensity and has the same power-law tail, as that of the money distribution, for a market with agents having random saving propensity.
description: RevTeX4, 6 pages, 5 eps figures, accepted in Eur. Phys. J. B
The foundation of the global economy : the evolution of the international regime for private trade law from the eleventh through the twentieth centuries
Creators: name: Cutler, Athena Claire
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This study analyzes the evolution of the regime governing private international trade law from its inception in the eleventh century through to its modern formulation in the twentieth century. It also seeks to explain its development by focusing on three theories of international relations. The regime is defined in terms of its substantive and procedural dimensions. The nature and strength of the norms governing the substantive dimension (prices, liability for defective goods, allocation of transport costs, insurance, and financial and credit arrangements) and the procedural dimension (locus of regulation, methodology of rule creation, and dispute settlement) are analyzed over three historical phases. These three periods are the medieval period, from the eleventh to the sixteenth centuries, the early modern period, from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, and the modern period in the twentieth century. The regime norms are found to exhibit significant continuity over time, although there has been considerable variation in the rules. The strength of the regime has also varied over the three phases. Three theoretical perspectives (structural realism, functionalism, and sociological analysis) are evaluated for their relative ability to explain the origin, evolution, nature, and strength of the regime. Each perspective is found to offer important insights, but a synthesis of approaches is necessary to capture the complexity and richness of the regime's evolution. Structural realism does not account for the origin of the regime and is of limited assistance in explaining the strength of voluntary standards. It does, however, explain the influence that states' concerns for political/legal autonomy have had on the regime and offers a reasonably good account of the roles that the United States and the United Kingdom have played in the evolution of the regime. Sociological analysis assists in accounting for the origin and nature of the regime, but it does not provide a comprehensive theory of cooperation. Reference to the other approaches is required as a supplement to sociological analysis. Functionalism provides the best explanation of the origin and nature of the regime. However, it is unable to account for variations in the strength of the regime over the three historical periods. Reference to the influence of changing structures of political authority and to the ideas, knowledge, and values of the major commercial actors is necessary as a supplement to functional analysis.
Unraveling pairon excitations and the antiferromagnetic contributions in the cuprate specific heat
Creators: name: Noat, Yves
name: Mauger, Alain
name: Sacks, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal measurements, such as the entropy and the specific heat, reveal key elementary excitations for understanding the cuprates. In this paper, we study the specific heat measurements on three different compounds La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$, Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-δ}$ and show that the data are compatible with `pairons' and their excitations. However, the precise fits require the contribution of the antiferromagnetic entropy deduced from the magnetic susceptibility $χ(T)$.
 Two temperature scales are involved in the excitations above the critical temperature $T_c$: the pseudogap $T^*$, related to pairon excitations, and the magnetic correlation temperature, $T_{max}$, having very different dependencies on the carrier density ($p$). In agreement with our previous analysis of $χ(T)$, the $T_{max}(p)$ line is not the signature of a gap in the electronic density of states, but is rather the temperature scale of strong local antiferromagnetic correlations which dominate for low carrier concentration. These progressively evolve into paramagnetic fluctuations in the overdoped limit.
 Our results are in striking contradiction with the model of J. L. Tallon and J. G. Storey [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 107}, 054507 (2023)], who reaffirm the idea of a $T$-independent gap $E_g$, whose temperature scale $T_g=E_g/k_B$ decreases linearly with $p$ and vanishes at a critical value $p_c \sim 0.19$.
 Finally, we discuss the unconventional fluctuation regime above $T_c$, which is associated with a mini-gap $δ\sim$ 2\,meV in the pairon excitation spectrum. This energy scale is fundamental to the condensation mechanism.
description: Submitted to Solid State Communications 14/8/2024
Development of a designated comparison method for alkaline phosphatase measurements and its application to evaluating routine methods
Creators: name: Liu, Qingxiang
name: Guo, Qi
name: Wang, Jing
name: Deng, Yuhang
name: Zeng, Jie
name: Zhou, Weiyan
name: Zhao, Haijian
name: Zhang, Chuanbao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) published the reference measurement procedure (RMP) for ALP measurement in 2011. However, the RMP is of high requirements for laboratories, complicated, time-consuming and high cost of reagents. Many manufacturers do not trace results to the higher procedure. And there is currently no designated comparison method (DCM) for ALP measurement. Thus, the standardization of ALP measurement is hindered. Automatic biochemical analyzers are easy to operate and widely used in clinical laboratories. Therefore, according to the RMP, establishing a DCM based on an automatic biochemical analyzer will be a practical way to establish traceability to the accuracy base and promote the standardization of ALP measurement. On the basis of conforming to the RMP recommended by IFCC as far as possible, the DCM was established based on a Thermo Indiko automatic biochemical analyzer. Performances of the method were validated. The DCM repeatability and within laboratory imprecision was <1% and <2.5%, respectively. For evaluation of trueness, the biases were within the equivalent limits. Measurement procedure comparisons and biases estimation were carried out between the DCM, the RMP, and the six routine methods using a panel of 40 individual human serum samples. The comparisons between the DCM and the RMP gave satisfying results. Compared with the DCM, the relative biases of some routine methods failed to meet the bias limit derived from biological variation.
Can Ejecta-Dominated Supernova Remnants be Typed from their X-ray Spectra? The Case of G337.2-0.7
Creators: name: Rakowski, Cara E.
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Gelfand, Joseph D.
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Slane, Patrick O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use recent X-ray and radio observations of the ejecta-rich Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G337.2-0.7 to determine properties of the supernova (SN) explosion that formed this source. H I absorption measurements from the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) constrain the distance to G337.2-0.7 to lie between 2.0 +/- 0.5 and 9.3 +/- 0.3 kpc. Combined with a clear radio image of the outer blast-wave, this distance allows us to estimate the dynamical age (between 750 and 3500 years) from the global X-ray spectrum obtained with the XMM-Newton and Chandra observatories. The presence of ejecta is confirmed by the pattern of fitted relative abundances, which show Mg, Ar and Fe to be less enriched (compared to solar) than Si, S or Ca, and the ratio of Ca to Si to be 3.4 +/- 0.8 times the solar value (under the assumption of a single electron temperature and single ionization timescale). With the addition of a solar abundance component for emission from the blast-wave, these abundances (with the exception of Fe) resemble the ejecta of a Type Ia, rather than core-collapse, SN. Comparing directly to models of the ejecta and blast-wave X-ray emission calculated by evolving realistic SN Ia explosions to the remnant stage allows us to deduce that one-dimensional delayed detonation and pulsed delayed detonation models can indeed reproduce the major features of the global spectrum. In particular, stratification of the ejecta, with the Fe shocked most recently, is required to explain the lack of prominent Fe-K emission.
description: 21 pages emulateapj including 9 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1: of Chemoradiation versus oesophagectomy for locally advanced oesophageal cancer in Chinese patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Jia, Ruinuo
name: Yin, Weijiao
name: Li, Shuoguo
name: Li, Ruonan
name: Yang, Junqiang
name: Shan, Tanyou
name: Zhou, Dan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wan, Lixin
name: Zhou, Fuyou
name: Gao, Shegan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 checklist. (DOC 133 kb)
Theoretical issues in J/psi suppression
Creators: name: Kharzeev, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two decades ago Matsui and Satz suggested that Debye screening in the quark-gluon plasma would result in J/psi suppression in heavy ion collisions. Much has happened in the subsequent years, and the picture of quark-gluon plasma at present is rapidly evolving - what does it imply for the J/psi suppression? What are the recent RHIC and SPS results trying to tell us? What else has to be done? This talk is an attempt to address these questions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, invited plenary talk at Quark Matter -2006, Shanghai, China, November 14-20, 2006
Essays on international trade and factor mobility in the presence of a public input
Creators: name: Anwar, Sajid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Governments spend large sums of monies on various services provided to both firms and households. However, most open economy studies do not take government spending on industries into account. The present study deals exclusively with government spending on industries. This spending is incorporated into neoclassical production functions in terms of a public input. The purpose of this thesis is three fold: (i) to investigate the impact of terms of- trade changes in a small public input economy;(ii)to explore the international transmission of government spending on public inputs; and (iii) to examine the relationship between government spending on public inputs and the pattern of international trade. The thesis consists of three essays. In a three-period setting, the first essay examines the impact of terms-of-trade changes on the allocation of resources in a small open economy. The private sector of the economy produces two final goods by means of private inputs and a public input. The public input is produced by the public sector. The allocation of resources between the private and public sectors is endogenous and the public input is supplied with a lag of one period. The essay demonstrates that the timing of terms-of-trade changes is critical. The impact of terms-of-trade changes in the presence of labour unemployment is also considered. The second essay develops a two-country, one-good, and two factor general equilibrium model with a pure public input and international factor mobility. International transmission of government spending on a pure public input and the implications of potential international coordination are investigated in the short-run and the long-run. The essay also considers the international transmission of government spending on a pure public input in the context of a three-country model where two countries have formed an economic union. The third essay develops a two-country, two-good, and two factor general equilibrium model with a congestible public input. The model is used to investigate the relationship between government spending on a congestible public input and the pattern of international trade.