cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crizotinib inhibits NF2-associated schwannoma through inhibition of focal adhesion kinase 1
Creators: name: Fallahi, Mohammad
name: Johnson, Gary L.
name: Troutman, Scott
name: Nettles, Kendall
name: Kota, Smitha
name: Kissil, Joseph L.
name: Moleirinho, Susana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a dominantly inherited autosomal disease characterized by schwannomas of the 8th cranial nerve. The NF2 tumor suppressor gene encodes for Merlin, a protein implicated as a suppressor of multiple cellular signaling pathways. To identify potential drug targets in NF2-associated malignancies we assessed the consequences of inhibiting the tyrosine kinase receptor MET. We identified crizotinib, a MET and ALK inhibitor, as a potent inhibitor of NF2-null Schwann cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. To identify the target/s of crizotnib we employed activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), leading to identification of FAK1 (PTK2) as the relevant target of crizotinib inhibition in NF2-null schwannoma cells. Subsequent studies confirm that inhibition of FAK1 is sufficient to suppress tumorigenesis in animal models of NF2 and that crizotinib-resistant forms of FAK1 can rescue the effects of treatment. These studies identify a FDA approved drug as a potential treatment for NF2 and delineate the mechanism of action in NF2-null Schwann cells.
Supplementary documentation for SAEON's field instrument data collected at the Cathedral Peak CAT3 #5 station
Creators: name: South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON) Grasslands-Forests-Wetlands Node
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: SAEON field instruments
Standard Operating Procedures
Calibration
Cathedral Peak
Hydrological
Soil Diviner tube
Soil water content

description: This package contains supporting information for the hydrological data collected at Cathedral Peak's CAT3 #5 station, as part of the South African Environmental Observation Network's monitoring projects.
Privacy-preserving human mobility and activity modelling
Creators: name: Zhan, Yuting
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The exponential proliferation of digital trends and worldwide responses to the COVID-19 pandemic thrust the world into digitalization and interconnectedness, pushing increasingly new technologies/devices/applications into the market. More and more intimate data of users are collected for positive analysis purposes of improving living well-being but shared with/without the user's consent, emphasizing the importance of making human mobility and activity models inclusive, private, and fair. In this thesis, I develop and implement advanced methods/algorithms to model human mobility and activity in terms of temporal-context dynamics, multi-occupancy impacts, privacy protection, and fair analysis. The following research questions have been thoroughly investigated: i) whether the temporal information integrated into the deep learning networks can improve the prediction accuracy in both predicting the next activity and its timing; ii) how is the trade-off between cost and performance when optimizing the sensor network for multiple-occupancy smart homes; iii) whether the malicious purposes such as user re-identification in human mobility modelling could be mitigated by adversarial learning; iv) whether the fairness implications of mobility models and whether privacy-preserving techniques perform equally for different groups of users. To answer these research questions, I develop different architectures to model human activity and mobility. I first clarify the temporal-context dynamics in human activity modelling and achieve better prediction accuracy by appropriately using the temporal information. I then design a framework MoSen to simulate the interaction dynamics among residents and intelligent environments and generate an effective sensor network strategy. To relieve users' privacy concerns, I design Mo-PAE and show that the privacy of mobility traces attains decent protection at the marginal utility cost. Last but not least, I investigate the relations between fairness and privacy and conclude that while the privacy-aware model guarantees group fairness, it violates the individual fairness criteria.
Spectroscopic Study of the Envelope of the Hybrid Nova V458 Vul and Surrounding Nebula
Creators: name: Tarasova, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic observations of the hybrid V458 Vul obtained between days 9 and 778 after the brightness maximum are analyzed. Short-period, daily profile variations of forbidden [FeVII] iron lines were detected in the nebular phase, as well as a long-period (about 60-day) cyclic variation that was correlated with the photometric and X-ray cycles. The abundances of helium, neon, and iron in the nova's envelope have been estimated. The helium, neon, and iron abundances exceed the solar values by factors of 4.4, 4.8, and 3.7. The envelope mass is 1.4$\times$ 10$^{-5}$M$_{\odot}$. The electron temperatures and number densities have been calculated for the Northwestern and Southeastern knots of the planetary nebula. The temperature derived for the Northwestern knot is Te = 10 000 K and the electron number density, n$_{e}$ = 600 cm $^{-3}$ for the Southeastern knot, Te = 13 000 K and n$_{e}$ = 750 cm$^{-3}$.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Differential IgM expression distinguishes two types of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in mouse and human
Creators: name: Lin, Carolina
name: Fedoriw, Yuri
name: Damania, Blossom
name: Bacchi, Carlos E.
name: Park, Steven
name: Sin, Sang-Hoon
name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
name: Eason, Anthony B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is primarily a childhood cancer in parts of Africa and Brazil. Classic studies describe eBL as a homogeneous entity based on t(8;14) IgH-Myc translocation and clinical response to cytotoxic therapy. By contrast, sporadic BL (sBL) in Western countries is considered more heterogeneous, and affects both children and adults. It is overrepresented in AIDS patients. Unlike diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), molecular subtypes within BL have not been well defined. We find that differential IgM positivity can be used to describe two subtypes of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma both in a high incidence region (Brazil), as well as in a sporadic region (US), suggesting the phenotype is not necessarily geographically isolated. Moreover, we find that IgM positivity also distinguishes between early and late onset BL in the standard Eμ-Myc mouse model of BL. This suggests that the t(8;14) translocation not only can take place before, but also after isotype switch recombination, and that IgM-negative, t(8;14) positive lymphomas in children should nevertheless be considered BL.
The role of FUBP3 in osteoporosis
Creators: name: Watts, Laura
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mineral density (BMD) and altered bone architecture leading to an increased risk of fracture. Worldwide, osteoporosis affects millions of people and causes an enormous and increasing healthcare burden. Reduced BMD is the major risk factor for fracture and is a highly heritable trait. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identifed the 9q34.11 locus containing Far Upstream Binding Protein 3 (FUBP3) as associated with BMD, fracture and height. FUBP3 is a DNA and RNA binding protein and transcriptional regulator of c-myc, but has no previously confrmed role in the skeleton. I hypothesised that FUBP3 is the causative gene underlying the association with BMD, fracture and height at the 9q34.11 locus and that FUBP3 is needed for normal bone development and maintenance. To test this hypothesis, I used bioinformatic tools to interrogate the 9q34.11 locus and prioritise FUBP3 for further study and studied the skeletal phenotype of an FUBP3 deficient mouse. Skeletal assessment included analysis of growth, bone mineral content and bone structure, strength, and cellular parameters. Analysis of the 9q34.11 locus confirmed that FUBP3 was the most likely causal gene underlying the association with BMD and was expressed in bone. Compared to wild type mice, FUBP3 defcient mice were short and demonstrated reduced bone mineral content, altered trabecular bone parameters and reduced strength, suggesting an important role of FUBP3 in both development and adult bone maintenance. Finally, I investigated the cellular phenotype underlying the skeletal changes seen with FUBP3 loss. These did not demonstrate a deficit in osteoblastic bone formation or osteoclastic bone resorption with FUBP3 deficiency. Nevertheless, the data presented in this thesis provide the first demonstration of a functional role of FUBP3 in the skeleton and confirm FUBP3 as the most likely causal gene at the 9q34.11 BMD, height and fracture GWAS locus.
Accretion of Galaxies around Supermassive Black Holes and a Theoretical Model of the Tully-Fisher and M-Sigma Relations
Creators: name: Gorkavyi, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed Tully-Fisher and Faber-Jackson laws between the baryonic mass of galaxies and the velocity of motion of stars at the edge of galaxies are explained within the framework of the model of accretion of galaxies around supermassive black holes (SMBH). The accretion model can also explain the M-sigma relation between the mass of a supermassive black hole and the velocity of stars in the bulge. The difference in the mechanisms of origin of elliptical galaxies with low angular momentum and disk galaxies with high angular momentum can be associated with 3D and 2D accretion.
description: 9 pages
Language modelling for clinical natural language understanding and generation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingqing
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: One of the long-standing objectives of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to design and develop algorithms for social good including tackling public health challenges. In the era of digitisation, with an unprecedented amount of healthcare data being captured in digital form, the analysis of the healthcare data at scale can lead to better research of diseases, better monitoring patient conditions and more importantly improving patient outcomes. However, many AI-based analytic algorithms rely solely on structured healthcare data such as bedside measurements and test results which only account for 20% of all healthcare data, whereas the remaining 80% of healthcare data is unstructured including textual data such as clinical notes and discharge summaries which is still underexplored. Conventional Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms that are designed for clinical applications rely on the shallow matching, templates and non-contextualised word embeddings which lead to limited understanding of contextual semantics. Though recent advances in NLP algorithms have demonstrated promising performance on a variety of NLP tasks in the general domain with contextualised language models, most of these generic NLP algorithms struggle at specific clinical NLP tasks which require biomedical knowledge and reasoning. Besides, there is limited research to study generative NLP algorithms to generate clinical reports and summaries automatically by considering salient clinical information. This thesis aims to design and develop novel NLP algorithms especially clinical-driven contextualised language models to understand textual healthcare data and generate clinical narratives which can potentially support clinicians, medical scientists and patients. The first contribution of this thesis focuses on capturing phenotypic information of patients from clinical notes which is important to profile patient situation and improve patient outcomes. The thesis proposes a novel self-supervised language model, named Phenotypic Intelligence Extraction (PIE), to annotate phenotypes from clinical notes with the detection of contextual synonyms and the enhancement to reason with numerical values. The second contribution is to demonstrate the utility and benefits of using phenotypic features of patients in clinical use cases by predicting patient outcomes in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and identifying patients at risk of specific diseases with better accuracy and model interpretability. The third contribution is to propose generative models to generate clinical narratives to automate and accelerate the process of report writing and summarisation by clinicians. This thesis first proposes a novel summarisation language model named PEGASUS which surpasses or is on par with the state-of-the-art performance on 12 downstream datasets including biomedical literature from PubMed. PEGASUS is further extended to generate medical scientific documents from input tabular data.
Estimating the Number of Stable Configurations for the Generalized Thomson Problem
Creators: name: Calef, Matthew
name: Griffiths, Whitney
name: Schulz, Alexia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a natural number N, one may ask what configuration of N points on the two-sphere minimizes the discrete generalized Coulomb energy. If one applies a gradient-based numerical optimization to this problem, one encounters many configurations that are stable but not globally minimal. This led the authors of this manuscript to the question, how many stable configurations are there? In this manuscript we report methods for identifying and counting observed stable configurations, and estimating the actual number of stable configurations. These estimates indicate that for N approaching two hundred, there are at least tens of thousands of stable configurations.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-015-1245-6
Corner contributions to holographic entanglement entropy in non-conformal backgrounds
Creators: name: Pang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study corner contributions to holographic entanglement entropy in non-conformal backgrounds: a kink for D2-branes as well as a cone and two different types of crease for D4-branes. Unlike 2+1-dimensional CFTs, the corner contribution to the holographic entanglement entropy of D2-branes exhibits a power law behaviour rather than a logarithmic term. However, the logarithmic term emerges in the holographic entanglement entropy of D4-branes. We identify the logarithmic term for a cone in D4-brane background as the universal contribution under appropriate limits and compare it with other physical quantities.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, discussions in section 5.2 improved, typos corrected and references added
Ultrasonic monitoring of temperature distributions and degradation in engineering components
Creators: name: Zhang, Yifeng
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Material degradations such as corrosion and erosion are prevalent in facilities of the energy sector. Excessive and unexpected material degradations can lead to catastrophic structure failures, severe service disruption and even loss of lives. Ultrasound-based non-destructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) technology has been developed to provide quantitative data to monitor degradation processes so that they can be mitigated in the best possible way. This thesis aims to improve these ultrasound-based NDE and SHM methods by reducing their uncertainties and exploring their potential applications on emerging technologies. The first part of the thesis focuses on advancing temperature compensation strategies of the NDE and SHM technology. This is because environmental and operational conditions (EOCs), especially temperature changes are one of the biggest sources of uncertainties in the current ultrasonic measurements. At the same time, temperature controls the rate of various electrochemical processes and therefore influences the rate of material degradation. A novel dual-wave approach is presented to enhance the performance of the existing monitoring technology. By exciting both shear and longitudinal waves at the same location of a component, variations of component thickness and internal temperature distributions can be simultaneously monitored. It was shown that even under drastic thermal swings (40 celsius temperature change in under 3 minutes), thickness variations of 2 micrometers can be accurately tracked. Compared with the existing single-wave approach, thickness measurement errors can be reduced by a factor of 5. At the same time, ultrasonic temperature predictions agreed with the independent measurements using a resistance temperature detector (RTD) to within 2 celsius and corrosion-induced temperature prediction drift can be reduced by a factor of 9. The second part of the thesis explores the possibility of applying ultrasonic NDE and SHM technology on monitoring degradation phenomena in energy storage systems (ESS). ESS such as batteries have seen rapid developments recently due to the emerging demand to store energy produced from renewable resources. However, these devices also suffer from degradation issues and require appropriate monitoring solutions. This work targets a specific battery degradation phenomenon - dendrite growth at the electrode/electrolyte interface. A novel measurement method is proposed which can excite the SH0* mode guided wave in a waveguide that also serves as the battery electrode. Experimental investigations demonstrated the feasibility of the approach. The SH0* mode guided wave was shown to be sensitive to zinc dendrite in the order of tens of micrometres. Moreover, the results revealed correlations between ultrasonic signal variations and the underlying zinc plating/stripping processes, thus providing more physical insights into battery degradation mechanisms.
Towards autonomous diagnostic systems with medical imaging
Creators: name: Vlontzos, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Democratizing access to high quality healthcare has highlighted the need for autonomous diagnostic systems that a non-expert can use. Remote communities, first responders and even deep space explorers will come to rely on medical imaging systems that will provide them with Point of Care diagnostic capabilities. This thesis introduces the building blocks that would enable the creation of such a system. Firstly, we present a case study in order to further motivate the need and requirements of autonomous diagnostic systems. This case study primarily concerns deep space exploration where astronauts cannot rely on communication with earth-bound doctors to help them through diagnosis, nor can they make the trip back to earth for treatment. Requirements and possible solutions about the major challenges faced with such an application are discussed. Moreover, this work describes how a system can explore its perceived environment by developing a Multi Agent Reinforcement Learning method that allows for implicit communication between the agents. Under this regime agents can share the knowledge that benefits them all in achieving their individual tasks. Furthermore, we explore how systems can understand the 3D properties of 2D depicted objects in a probabilistic way. In Part II, this work explores how to reason about the extracted information in a causally enabled manner. A critical view on the applications of causality in medical imaging, and its potential uses is provided. It is then narrowed down to estimating possible future outcomes and reasoning about counterfactual outcomes by embedding data on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold and constraining the latent space by using the relativistic concept of light cones. By formalizing an approach to estimating counterfactuals, a computationally lighter alternative to the abduction-action-prediction paradigm is presented through the introduction of Deep Twin Networks. Appropriate partial identifiability constraints for categorical variables are derived and the method is applied in a series of medical tasks involving structured data, images and videos. All methods are evaluated in a wide array of synthetic and real life tasks that showcase their abilities, often achieving state-of-the-art performance or matching the existing best performance while requiring a fraction of the computational cost.
POMPA AIR TENAGA ANGIN
Creators: name: Syahputra, Benny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: kincir angin, pompa, irigasi, sawah,

description: Menurut data Balai Lingkungan Penelitian Pertanian (2010) bahwa kecepatan angin rata-rata tahunan areal pertanian di Desa Gedangan memilki kecepatan angin minimal 2,3 m/s dan kecepatan angin maksimal 9,2 m/s. berdasarkan data tersebut sumber energi alam didaerah Desa Gedangan yang memungkinkan untuk digunakan sebagai sumber energi untuk pompa air yaitu memanfaatkan angin, untuk membuat sebuah pompa air menggunakan tenaga angin sebagai sumber energi penggeraknya perlu dibuat sebuah model yang sederhana dan aplikatif untuk menguji tingkat keberhasilan, sehingga masyarakat dapat meniru dan membuatnya.
Discovery and replication of microRNAs for breast cancer risk using genome-wide profiling
Creators: name: Krishnan, Shiva
name: Dumitrescu, Ramona G.
name: McElroy, Joseph
name: Freudenheim, Jo L.
name: Schneider, Sallie S.
name: Taslim, Cenny
name: Marian, Catalin
name: Weng, Daniel Y.
name: Brasky, Theodore M.
name: Geyer, Susan
name: Shields, Peter G.
name: Spear, Scott L.
name: Huang, Kun
name: Troester, Melissa A.
name: Llanos, Adana A.
name: Kallakury, Bhaskar V.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Genome-wide miRNA expression may be useful for predicting breast cancer risk and/or for the early detection of breast cancer.
Efficacy of the combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors in vitro and in vivo in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models
Creators: name: Wu, Ji Y.
name: Powis, Garth
name: Tian, Feng
name: Heffernan, Timothy P.
name: Feng, Ningping
name: Gay, Jason
name: Chang, Qing Edward
name: Toniatti, Carlo
name: Kwong, Lawrence N.
name: Helms, Timothy L.
name: Lee, Michael S.
name: Kopetz, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Though the efficacy of MEK inhibitors is being investigated in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancers (CRC), early clinical trials of MEK inhibitor monotherapy did not reveal significant antitumor activity. Resistance to MEK inhibitor monotherapy developed through a variety of mechanisms converging in ERK reactivation. Since ERK increases cyclin D expression and increases entry into the cell cycle, we hypothesized that the combination of MEK inhibitors and CDK4/6 inhibitors would have synergistic antitumor activity and cause tumor regression in vivo.
Hymenophyllum cristatum Hook. & Grev., Icon. Fil.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Hymenophyllales
Hymenophyllaceae
Hymenophyllum
Hymenophyllum cristatum

description: Hymenophyllum cristatum Hook. & Grev., Icon. Fil. t. 148. 1829.
 Range: — Ecuador; Bolivia (LP).
 Ecology: —Rare, known from a single Bolivian collection; epiphytic in humid forests; 3000 m.
 Notes: — Hymenophyllum lamellatum Stolze, from central and southern Peru, is likely to occur in Bolivia. It has abundant lamellae perpendicular to the plane of the blade, and differs from H. cristatum by the entire involucres and broadly winged petioles. These lamellae may be small and hard to see, or partially obscured by appressed hairs, but are a crucial character for identification. Hymenophyllum mirificum C.V.Morton from southern Peru may also occur in Bolivia. It has entire involucres and unwinged petioles and rachises.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2017, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae, pp. 201-226 in Phytotaxa 328 (3) on pages 207-208, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13722868
Photo plot of Sonderend, Waboomberg, Langeberg, site 3320CA/1
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Photo plot
Sonderend
Langeberg
Waboomberg

description: This is a scanned copy of a photo plot of Sonderend, Waboomberg, Langeberg, site 3320CA/1. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Origin of the high v_los feature in the Galactic bar
Creators: name: Aumer, Michael
name: Schönrich, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a controlled N-body + smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulation of a growing disc galaxy within a non-growing, live dark halo. The disc is continuously fed with gas and star particles on near-circular orbits and develops a bar comparable in size to the one of the Milky Way (MW). We extract line of sight velocity v_los distributions from the model and compare it to data recently obtained from the APOGEE survey which show distinct high velocity features around v_los ~ 200 km/s. With an APOGEE like selection function, but without any scaling nor adjustment, we find v_los distributions very similar to those in APOGEE. The stars that make up the high v_los features at positive longitudes l are preferentially young bar stars (age 10 degrees the highest v_los stars are a mixture of bar and background disc stars which complicates the interpretation of observations. The main peak in v_los is dominated by fore- and background stars. At a given time, ~40-50 per cent of high v_los stars occupy x_1 like orbits, but a significant fraction are on more complex orbits. The observed feature is likely due to a population of dynamically cool, young stars formed from gas just outside the bar and subsequently captured by the growing bar. The high v_los features disappear at high latitudes |b|>~2 degrees which explains the non-detection of such features in other surveys.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Everolimus exhibits anti-tumorigenic activity in obesity-induced ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Jackson, Amanda L.
name: Zhou, Chunxiao
name: Clark, Leslie H.
name: Bae-Jump, Victoria L.
name: Gilliam, Timothy P.
name: Guo, Hui
name: Sheng, Xiugui
name: Zhong, Yan
name: Han, Jianjun
name: Gehrig, Paola A.
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Kilgore, Josh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Everolimus inhibits mTOR kinase activity and its downstream targets by acting on mTORC1 and has anti-tumorigenic activity in ovarian cancer. Clinical and epidemiologic data find that obesity is associated with worse outcomes in ovarian cancer. In addition, obesity leads to hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway in epithelial tissues, suggesting that mTOR inhibitors may be a logical choice for treatment in obesity-driven cancers. However, it remains unclear if obesity impacts the effect of everolimus on tumor growth in ovarian cancer. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effects of everolimus on cytotoxicity, cell metabolism, apoptosis, cell cycle, cell stress and invasion in human ovarian cancer cells. A genetically engineered mouse model of serous ovarian cancer fed a high fat diet or low fat diet allowed further investigation into the inter-relationship between everolimus and obesity in vivo. Everolimus significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, induced cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis, reduced invasion and caused cellular stress via inhibition of mTOR pathways in vitro. Hypoglycemic conditions enhanced the sensitivity of cells to everolimus through the disruption of glycolysis. Moreover, everolimus was found to inhibit ovarian tumor growth in both obese and lean mice. This reduction coincided with a decrease in expression of Ki-67 and phosphorylated-S6, as well as an increase in cleaved caspase 3 and phosphorylated-AKT. Metabolite profiling revealed that everolimus was able to alter tumor metabolism through different metabolic pathways in the obese and lean mice. Our findings support that everolimus may be a promising therapeutic agent for obesity-driven ovarian cancers.
The Pion-Cloud Contribution to the Electromagnetic Nucleon Form Factors
Creators: name: Kupelwieser, Daniel
name: Schweiger, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electromagnetic structure of the nucleon within a hybrid constituent-quark model that comprises, in addition to the $3q$ valence component, also a $3q$+$π$ non-valence component. To this aim we employ a Poincaré-invariant multichannel formulation based on the point-form of relativistic quantum mechanics. With a simple 3-quark wave function for the bare nucleon, i.e. the $3q$-component, we obtain reasonable results for the nucleon form factors and predict the meson-cloud contribution to be significant only below $Q^2\lesssim 0.5$\,GeV$^2$ amounting to about 10\% for $Q^2\rightarrow 0$, in accordance with the findings of other authors.
description: Contribution presented by W. Schweiger at the 21st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Chicago IL, May 18-22, 2015; 4 pages, 2 figures
Convergence rate analysis for averaged fixed point iterations in the presence of Hölder regularity
Creators: name: Borwein, Jonathan M.
name: Li, Guoyin
name: Tam, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we establish sublinear and linear convergence of fixed point iterations generated by averaged operators in a Hilbert space. Our results are achieved under a bounded Hölder regularity assumption which generalizes the well-known notion of bounded linear regularity. As an application of our results, we provide a convergence rate analysis for Krasnoselskii-Mann iterations, the cyclic projection algorithm, and the Douglas-Rachford feasibility algorithm along with some variants. In the important case in which the underlying sets are convex sets described by convex polynomials in a finite dimensional space, we show that the Hölder regularity properties are automatically satisfied, from which sublinear convergence follows.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1-encoded protein HBZ represses p53 function by inhibiting the acetyltransferase activity of p300/CBP and HBO1
Creators: name: Miotto, Benoit
name: Rushing, Amanda W.
name: Lemasson, Isabelle
name: Polakowski, Nicholas
name: Wright, Diana G.
name: Hoang, Kimson
name: Marchal, Claire
name: Nguyen, Stephanie T.
name: Ankney, John A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an often fatal malignancy caused by infection with the complex retrovirus, human T-cell Leukemia Virus, type 1 (HTLV-1). In ATL patient samples, the tumor suppressor, p53, is infrequently mutated; however, it has been shown to be inactivated by the viral protein, Tax. Here, we show that another HTLV-1 protein, HBZ, represses p53 activity. In HCT116 p53+/+ cells treated with the DNA-damaging agent, etoposide, HBZ reduced p53-mediated activation of p21/CDKN1A and GADD45A expression, which was associated with a delay in G2 phase-arrest. These effects were attributed to direct inhibition of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of p300/CBP by HBZ, causing a reduction in p53 acetylation, which has be linked to decreased p53 activity. In addition, HBZ bound to, and inhibited the HAT activity of HBO1. Although HBO1 did not acetylate p53, it acted as a coactivator for p53 at the p21/CDKN1A promoter. Therefore, through interactions with two separate HAT proteins, HBZ impairs the ability of p53 to activate transcription. This mechanism may explain how p53 activity is restricted in ATL cells that do not express Tax due to modifications of the HTLV-1 provirus, which accounts for a majority of patient samples.
Locality-preserving allocations Problems and coloured Bin Packing
Creators: name: Twigg, Andrew
name: Xavier, Eduardo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the following problem, introduced by Chung et al. in 2006. We are given, online or offline, a set of coloured items of different sizes, and wish to pack them into bins of equal size so that we use few bins in total (at most $α$ times optimal), and that the items of each colour span few bins (at most $β$ times optimal). We call such allocations $(α, β)$-approximate. As usual in bin packing problems, we allow additive constants and consider $(α,β)$ as the asymptotic performance ratios. We prove that for $\eps>0$, if we desire small $α$, no scheme can beat $(1+\eps, Ω(1/\eps))$-approximate allocations and similarly as we desire small $β$, no scheme can beat $(1.69103, 1+\eps)$-approximate allocations. We give offline schemes that come very close to achieving these lower bounds. For the online case, we prove that no scheme can even achieve $(O(1),O(1))$-approximate allocations. However, a small restriction on item sizes permits a simple online scheme that computes $(2+\eps, 1.7)$-approximate allocations.
Population Dynamics of Leucadendron salignum in Grootvadersbosch, Langeberg, site 3321CC/9
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Leucadendron salignum
population dynamics
Grootvadersbosch
Langeberg

description: This is a scanned copy of a document on the population dynamics of Leucadendron salignum in Grootvadersbosch, Langeberg, site 3321CC/9. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency using nanofiber-guided light in a warm atomic vapor
Creators: name: Jones, D. E.
name: Franson, J. D.
name: Pittman, T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using an optical nanofiber suspended in a warm rubidium vapor. The signal and control fields are both guided along the nanofiber, which enables strong nonlinear interactions with the surrounding atoms at relatively low powers. Transit-time broadening is found to be a significant EIT decoherence mechanism in this tightly-confined waveguiding geometry. Nonetheless, we observe significant EIT and controlled polarization rotation using control-field powers of only a few microWatts in this relatively robust warm-atom nanofiber system.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Hymenophyllum fucoides
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Hymenophyllales
Hymenophyllaceae
Hymenophyllum
Hymenophyllum fucoides

description: Hymenophyllum fucoides (Sw.) Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800 (2): 99. 1801.
 Range: —Antilles; southern Mexico to Venezuela and Bolivia (CO, LP, SC); southeastern Brazil.
 Ecology: —Very common and conspicuous; epiphytic, rarely terrestrial (especially among mosses) or on rock walls in humid forests; (900–)1700–3600(–4100) m.
 Notes: —This is the most common species of subg. Hymenophyllum in Bolivia, and an extremely variable taxon that may comprise more than one species. Plants vary in involucral shape (from as long as broad to 3 times longer than broad), margin (entire to strongly dentate), number per pinnae (1–10), and overall size, as well as petiole thickness. Four varieties were recognized in Peru by Tryon & Stolze (1989), including, e.g., var. pedicellatum (Klotzsch) Hieron., with strongly toothed involucral apices, and var. chachapoyense Stolze, with undulate segment wings. These are now known to be genetically distinct (M. Lehnert, pers. comm.) so that they may better be treated at species level. However, only typical H. fucoides has so far been found in Bolivia, although H. calodictyon Bosch, from Ecuador and Peru, may occur in Bolivia. It differs from H. fucoides by having partially winged petioles. Even without these distinct variants, Bolivian specimens differ markedly in overall size, width and arrangement of the segments, and number, size, and margin development (entire to serrate) of the involucres. In addition, sterile leaves tend to look quite different from fertile ones, having more spreading and equilateral pinnae, versus the more ascending and acroscopically better developed pinnae of fertile leaves.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2017, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae, pp. 201-226 in Phytotaxa 328 (3) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13722868
IKK/NF-κB signaling contributes to glioblastoma stem cell maintenance
Creators: name: Calamini, Barbara
name: Baldwin, Albert S.
name: Cogswell, Patricia C.
name: Persson, Anders I.
name: Weiss, William A.
name: Lo, Donald C.
name: Rinkenbaugh, Amanda L.
name: Dunn, Denise E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: // Amanda L. Rinkenbaugh 1,2 , Patricia C. Cogswell 2,3 , Barbara Calamini 4 , Denise E. Dunn 4 , Anders I. Persson 5,6 , William A. Weiss 5,6 , Donald C. Lo 4 and Albert S. Baldwin 2 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 2 Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 3 Chordoma Foundation, Durham, NC, USA 4 Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA 5 Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA 6 Department of Neurological Surgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Correspondence to: Albert Baldwin, email: // Keywords : NF-κB, glioblastoma, cancer stem cells, tumor-initiating cells Received : March 14, 2016 Accepted : September 24, 2016 Published : October 06, 2016 Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) carries a poor prognosis and continues to lack effective treatments. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) drive tumor formation, invasion, and drug resistance and, as such, are the focus of studies to identify new therapies for disease control. Here, we identify the involvement of IKK and NF-κB signaling in the maintenance of GSCs. Inhibition of this pathway impairs self-renewal as analyzed in tumorsphere formation and GBM expansion as analyzed in brain slice culture. Interestingly, both the canonical and non-canonical branches of the NF-κB pathway are shown to contribute to this phenotype. One source of NF-κB activation in GBM involves the TGF-β/TAK1 signaling axis. Together, our results demonstrate a role for the NF-κB pathway in GSCs and provide a mechanistic basis for its potential as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Jakkalsvlei firebreak temperatures in Jonkershoek
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Jakkalsvlei
firebreak temperature
firebreak
Jonkershoek

description: This is a scanned copy of a document, including diagrams, measuring temperatures during burning in Jakkalsvlei firebreak in Jonkershoek, spring 1966. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Entrevista a Luis de Lille, vocalista latino del opening “La fantástica aventura” de Dragon Ball. “Que la gente pueda sentir lo que se canta, que puedas ‘contagiar’ ese sentimiento”
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Musicology and ethnomusicology
Music cognition
Music composition and improvisation
Music technology and recording
Pacific Peoples music and performing arts
Sound and music computing
Music not elsewhere classified

description: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel (2023). «Entrevista a Luis de Lille, vocalista latino del opening “La fantástica aventura” de Dragon Ball. “Que la gente pueda sentir lo que se canta, que puedas ‘contagiar’ ese sentimiento”», en: Aularia. Revista Digital de Educomunicación. Almería, Andalucía (España). Vol. 12, pp. 63-68. Disponible en https://www.aularia.org/lib/pdf/2023_010_entrevista_de_lille.pdf
Pulse-splitting in light propagation through $N$-type atomic media due to an interplay of Kerr-nonlinearity and group velocity dispersion
Creators: name: V., Rajitha K.
name: Dey, Tarak N.
name: Evers, Jörg
name: Kiffner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of a Gaussian probe pulse propagating through a four-level $N$-type atomic medium. At two-photon resonance of probe-and control fields, weaker probe pulses may propagate through the medium with low absorption and pulse shape distortion. In contrast, we find that increasing the probe pulse intensity leads to a splitting of the initially Gaussian pulse into a sequence of subpulses in the time domain. The number of subpulses arising throughout the propagation can be controlled via a suitable choice of the probe and control field parameters. Employing a simple theoretical model for the nonlinear pulse propagation, we conclude that the splitting occurs due to an interplay of Kerr nonlinearity and group velocity dispersion.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Insights on sustainable fuels: a new benzimidazole derivative with potential as a diesel-biodiesel blend additive
Creators: name: Duarte, Vitor S.
name: Naves, Raquel F.
name: Bortoluzzi, Adailton J.
name: Faria, Eduardo C. M.
name: da Silva, Aline M.
name: Mori, Vânia
name: Alonso, Christian G.
name: Oliveira, Guilherme R.
name: Napolitano, Hamilton B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Biodiesel is an important fuel in the energy industry with recurrent durability and stability problems. The use of molecular-based technologies to preserve the physicochemical properties of diesel-biodiesel blend is a promising path on additive studies. To minimize oxidative stability problems and get insights into the additive structural features, we evaluated a new benzimidazole derivative as a potential additive for diesel-biodiesel blends. In the study, an extensive structural description and supramolecular topological analysis, besides theoretical calculations to understand specific physicochemical properties related to oxidative stability when added to biofuel, were carried out. Also, the synthesis of the title compound in the presence of graphite oxide shows a sustainable synthetic route, and the supramolecular arrangement has only C–H···O and C–H···π interactions that are related to antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The new benzimidazole derivative structure has two alkoxy groups in the para position of the aromatic ring acting as electron-donating substituents – desirable conformations for antioxidant activity. The energy of 640.99 kJ/mol in the Frontier Molecular Orbitals indicates high kinetic stability and the oxidative stability in the diesel-biodiesel blend (B20) was 26.3 h (better than commercial additives). The obtained results indicate the potential of benzimidazole derivative as a diesel-biodiesel blend additive.