cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linking Type Ia Supernova Progenitors and their Resulting Explosions
Creators: name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Burns, Christopher R.
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Hamuy, Mario
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
name: Morrell, Nidia I.
name: Phillips, Mark M.
name: Shields, Gregory A.
name: Sternberg, Assaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comparing the ejecta velocities at maximum brightness and narrow circumstellar/interstellar Na D absorption line profiles of a sample of 23 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), we determine that the properties of SN Ia progenitor systems and explosions are intimately connected. As demonstrated by Sternberg et al. (2011), half of all SNe Ia with detectable Na D absorption at the host-galaxy redshift in high-resolution spectroscopy have Na D line profiles with significant blueshifted absorption relative to the strongest absorption component, which indicates that a large fraction of SN Ia progenitor systems have strong outflows. In this study, we find that SNe Ia with blueshifted circumstellar/interstellar absorption systematically have higher ejecta velocities and redder colors at maximum brightness relative to the rest of the SN Ia population. This result is robust at a 98.9-99.8% confidence level, providing the first link between the progenitor systems and properties of the explosion. This finding is further evidence that the outflow scenario is the correct interpretation of the blueshifted Na D absorption, adding additional confirmation that some SNe Ia are produced from a single-degenerate progenitor channel. An additional implication is that either SN Ia progenitor systems have highly asymmetric outflows that are also aligned with the SN explosion or SNe Ia come from a variety of progenitor systems where SNe Ia from systems with strong outflows tend to have more kinetic energy per unit mass than those from systems with weak or no outflows.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, replacing with ApJ accepted version
De novo and inherited private variants in MAP1B in periventricular nodular heterotopia
Creators: name: Heinzen, Erin L.
name: O’Neill, Adam C.
name: Zhu, Xiaolin
name: Allen, Andrew S.
name: Bahlo, Melanie
name: Chelly, Jamel
name: Chen, Ming Hui
name: Dobyns, William B.
name: Freytag, Saskia
name: Guerrini, Renzo
name: Leventer, Richard J.
name: Poduri, Annapurna
name: Robertson, Stephen P.
name: Walsh, Christopher A.
name: Zhang, Mengqi
name: Epi4K Consortium
name: Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Epilepsy
subject: Genomics

description: Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH) is a malformation of cortical development commonly associated with epilepsy. We exome sequenced 202 individuals with sporadic PVNH to identify novel genetic risk loci. We first performed a trio-based analysis and identified 219 de novo variants. Although no novel genes were implicated in this initial analysis, PVNH cases were found overall to have a significant excess of nonsynonymous de novo variants in intolerant genes (p = 3.27x10-7), suggesting a role for rare new alleles in genes yet to be associated with the condition. Using a gene-level collapsing analysis comparing cases and controls, we identified a genome-wide significant signal driven by four ultra-rare loss-of-function heterozygous variants in MAP1B, including one de novo variant. In at least one instance, the MAP1B variant was inherited from a parent with previously undiagnosed PVNH. The PVNH was frontally predominant and associated with perisylvian polymicrogyria. These results implicate MAP1B in PVNH. More broadly, our findings suggest that detrimental mutations likely arising in immediately preceding generations with incomplete penetrance may also be responsible for some apparently sporadic diseases.
Schismatoglottis zainuddinii Kartini, P. C. Boyce & S. Y. Wong 2017
Creators: name: Wong, Sin Yeng
name: Joling, Jyloerica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Schismatoglottis
Schismatoglottis zainuddinii

description: Schismatoglottis zainuddinii Kartini, P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong Material examined. MALAYSIA – Tawau • Cultivated at Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Kota Kinabalu; 22 Feb 2016; Kartini BORH 4405 (BORH) [original collection: Malaysian Borneo, Sabah, Tawau, Tawau Hills N.P., Tiku River; 04°22 ′N, 117°54′E; 19 Feb 2016]. Identification. A species distinguished from all other species of the S. Asperata clade by leaf blades glossy, bright medium green above and matte, pale green below, densely minutely asper- ous, glossy, deep green petioles, and older plants with a much-elongated decumbent stem. Differentiated from S. sejuncta A.Hay (geographically the closest species) by having staminate and pistillate flower zones contiguous (not separated by a well-defined and conspicuous naked sterile interstice) (Kartini et al. 2017). Distribution and ecology. Eastern Sabah. Tawau Hills Park on the banks of Tiku River along the trail to Galas Hill. Occurs on steep slopes and earth banks over basalt in wet lowland to hill forest elevation between 90 and 330 m.
description: Published as part of Wong, Sin Yeng & Joling, Jyloerica, 2021, Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), pp. 931-974 in Check List 17 (3) on page 968, DOI: 10.15560/17.3.931
description: {"references": ["Kartini S, Boyce PC, Wong SY (2017) Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo LV: new Schismatoglottis species from Tawau Hills, Sabah. Nordic Journal of Botany 35: 719 - 723. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 01554"]}
Defining the role of autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus immediate early-0 and immediate early-1 proteins in viral genome replication and early gene transactivation
Creators: name: Sokal, Nadia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The immediate early-0 (IE0) and IE1 proteins of the baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) are key transregulators in the viral replication cycle. If both proteins are absent, the virus is inactive. Either protein can support viral replication but both are required to achieve wildtype infection. Both IE0 and IE1 are involved in viral DNA replication and transcriptional transactivation of early genes. In this study, to analyze IE0 and IE1’s function, ie0, ie0MtoA or ie1 were placed under the control of identical promoters (ie1 or gp64) to achieve comparable levels of protein expression. The ie1 promoter produced higher levels of IE0, IE0MtoA and IE1 compared to the gp64 promoter. Time course assays of infected Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells allowed examination of viral DNA replication and budded virus (BV) production. The results showed that when IE0 and IE1 protein levels were high, either IE0, IE1 or IE0 and IE1 together maintained DNA replication and BV production similar to wildtype levels. However, when IE0 and IE1 protein levels were low, only when IE0 and IE1 were present together was DNA replication and BV production similar to wildtype. These results suggest that during the virus replication cycle when cellular levels of IE0 or IE1 are low, for example at the beginning of infection, the presence of both proteins results in more efficient DNA replication. Transient transactivation studies were also performed to examine IE0 and IE1’s ability to activate nineteen viral early gene promoters. At low levels of IE0 and IE1 expression, a group of viral early gene promoters were found to be differentially transactivated by IE0 alone or when both IE0 and small amounts of IE1 were together. These results suggest that during early times post-infection, when cellular levels of viral proteins are low, IE0 in the presence of a small amount of IE1 results in rapid onset of viral DNA replication and efficient transactivation of a specific set of viral early gene promoters. In context of virus infection, rapid viral replication by IE0 and IE1 and transactivation of early genes by IE0 may counter the insect’s defense mechanisms like sloughing and apoptosis.
On stochastic stability of non-uniformly expanding interval maps
Creators: name: Shen, Weixiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the expanding properties of random perturbations of regular interval maps satisfying the summability condition of exponent one. Under very general conditions on the interval maps and perturbation types, we prove strong stochastic stability.
description: minor corrections
A Detailed Study of Kirchhoff-type Critical Elliptic Equations and $p$-Sub-Laplacian Operators within the Heisenberg Group $\mathcal{H}_{n}$ Framework
Creators: name: De, Subham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35A15, 35A20, 35B38, 35B65, 35J35, 35D30, 35H10, 35J70, Secondary 35-02, 35A01, 35A09

description: This article presents a comprehensive study of \textit{Kirchhoff-type Critical Elliptic Equations} involving $p$-sub-Laplacian Operators on the \textit{Heisenberg Group} $\mathcal{H}_{n}$. It delves into the mathematical framework of Heisenberg Group, and explores their Spectral Properties. A significant focus is on the existence and multiplicity of solutions under various conditions, leveraging concepts like the \textit{Mountain Pass Theorem}. This work not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of such groups but also has implications in fields like Quantum Mechanics and Geometric Group Theory.
description: 29 Pages
Automation of the filament tracking in the framework of the HELIO project
Creators: name: Bonnin, Xavier
name: Aboudarham, Jean
name: Fuller, Nicolas
name: Csillaghy, Andre
name: Bentley, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to automatically track filaments over the solar disk. The filaments are first detected on Meudon Spectroheliograph Hα images of the Sun, applying the technique developed by Fuller, Aboudarham, and Bentley (Solar phys. 227, 61, 2005). This technique combines cleaning processes, image segmentation based on region growing, and morphological parameter ex- traction, including the determination of filament skeletons. The coordinates of the skeleton pixels, given in a heliocentric system, are then converted to a more appropriate reference frame that follows the rotation of the Sun surface. In such a frame, a co-rotating filament is always located around the same position, and its skeletons (extracted from each image) are thus spatially close, forming a group of adjacent features. In a third step, the shape of each skeleton is compared with its neighbours using a curve-matching algorithm. This step will permit us to define the probability [P ] that two close filaments in the co-rotating frame are actually the same one observed on two different images. At the end, the pairs of features, for which the corresponding probability is greater than a threshold value, are associated using tracking identification indexes.On a representative sample of filaments, the good agreement between automated and manual tracking confirms the reliability of the technique to be applied on large data sets. Especially, this code is already used in the framework of the Heliophysics Integrated Observatory (HELIO) to populate a catalogue dedicated to solar and heliospheric features (HFC). An extension of this method to others filament observations, and possibly the sunspots, faculae, and coronal holes tracking can be also envisaged.
Modeling anomalous extinction using nanodiamonds
Creators: name: Rai, Rakesh K
name: Rastogi, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling extinction along anomalous/non-CCM sightlines, which are characterized by a broad $217.5 nm$ bump and steep far-ultraviolet (FUV) rise, is reported. The extinction along these sightlines, viz. {HD 210121}, {HD 204827}, {HD 29647} and {HD 62542}, is difficult to reproduce using standard silicate and graphite grains. Very good match with the observed extinction is obtained by considering nanodiamond component as part of carbonaceous matter. Most of these sightlines are rich in carbon and are invariably backed by a young hot stellar object. Nanodiamond is taken as core within amorphous carbon and graphite. These core-mantle particles taken as additional components along with graphite and silicates lead to reduction in the silicate requirement. The abundance of carbonaceous matter is not affected as a very small fraction of nanodiamond is required. Extinction along sightlines that show steep FUV is also reported demonstrating the importance of nanodiamond component in all such regions.
description: 16 pages, 2 Tables and 3 Figures
The Samurai Bond: Credit Supply and Economic Growth in Pre-War Japan
Creators: name: Basco, Sergi
name: Tang, John P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Credit
Economic development
Railroads
Samurai

description: While credit supply growth is associated with exacerbating financial crises, its impact on long-run development is unclear. Using bond payments to samurai in nineteenth century Japan as a quasi-natural experiment and exploiting regional variation, we find that bond payments are associated with persistent redistributive effects between regions and sectors. Areas with early railway access and higher bond value per capita experienced faster income growth in the tertiary sector and slower growth in the primary, with analogous effects for sectoral labor shares. Our interpretation is that the interaction between credit supply and productivity-enhancing technologies facilitated economic development and structural transformation.
title: Environmental vulnerability profiles: characterization of pressures in the southern Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada
Creators: name: Hardy, Matthew
name: Ouellette, Marc
name: Cormier, Roland
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The worldwide realignment of research and management objectives in recent years to respond to implementation of the “ecosystem approach” represents a departure from past practices where emphasis was mainly on a single-species fisheries or single-activity basis. Although there is a broad consensus on the purpose of this realignment, its practical application continues to be a significant challenge given the complexities of attempting to develop multispecies/activity integrated management plans, frameworks, and approaches for all factors affecting the aquatic environment. The management of human activities, both aquatic and land-based, that contribute to adverse environmental impacts on aquatic ecosystems is one of the major challenges associated with integrated coastal and ocean management. There is recognition that effective integrated management will require new pragmatic approaches, in addition to current practices. It is also particularly important to develop approaches that build greater credibility with the public with regard to integrated planning initiatives and that are based on clear, factual, and interpretable information. The Gulf of St Lawrence Regional Vulnerability profile is being developed by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada with contributions from a number of federal and provincial departments. The purpose of this atlas is to identify and scope the environmental pressures associated with a number of human activities from a geospatial perspective and to illustrate their respective and relative intensity. This is not an assessment, but may serve to identify research or assessment needs. It can also be the basis for engaging relevant federal and provincial partners as well as for communicating with the public in a structured and factual manner.
Surface plasmons and magneto-optic activity in hexagonal Ni anti-dot arrays
Creators: name: Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
name: Kapaklis, Vassilios
name: Melander, Emil
name: Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
name: Pappas, Spiridon D.
name: Patoka, Piotr
name: Giersig, Michael
name: Fumagalli, Paul
name: Garcia-Martin, Antonio
name: Ctistis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of surface plasmons on the magneto-optic activity in a two-dimensional hexagonal array is addressed. The experiments were performed using hexagonal array of circular holes in a ferromagnetic Ni film. Well pronounced troughs are observed in the optical reflectivity, resulting from the presence of surface plasmons. The surface plasmons are found to strongly enhance the magneto-optic response (Kerr rotation), as compared to a continuous film of the same composition. The influence of the hexagonal symmetry of the pattern on the coupling between the plasmonic excitations is demonstrated, using optical diffraction measurements and theoretical calculations of the magneto-optic and of the angular dependence of the optical activity.
A formal methodology for integral security design and verification of network protocols
Creators: name: Diaz, Jesus
name: Arroyo, David
name: Rodriguez, Francisco B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a methodology for verifying security properties of network protocols at design level. It can be separated in two main parts: context and requirements analysis and informal verification; and formal representation and procedural verification. It is an iterative process where the early steps are simpler than the last ones. Therefore, the effort required for detecting flaws is proportional to the complexity of the associated attack. Thus, we avoid wasting valuable resources for simple flaws that can be detected early in the verification process. In order to illustrate the advantages provided by our methodology, we also analyze three real protocols.
title: Contribution of seabed habitat surveys to marine planning for renewable energy developments
Creators: name: Robertson, M. R.
name: Davies, I. M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Sustainable development of marine renewable energy (wave and tidal stream power) in coastal waters requires that due account is taken of the biodiversity and conservation value of the seabed habitats in development areas. Areas of high tidal streams may contain reef habitat, an Annex 1 habitat in the EU Habitats and Species Directive. As part of Marine Scotland Science (MSS) assistance to the emerging wave and tidal energy industries, regional seabed survey datasets are being collected from selected areas around Scotland. Survey work in the Pentland Firth and Orkney waters, which have significant potential for both wave and tidal power, has included acoustic surveys using the FRV Scotia with a Reson Seabat 7125-B multibeam echosounder system. The backscatter data have been processed using QTC Multiview software to develop acoustic classifications of seabed sediment type. In addition, seabed video and still imagery has been used to develop biotope classifications (EUNIS assessment system) of the areas surveyed. The biotope classification has been used to ground-truth the acoustic data and to create biotope maps.
title: The adaptation of a risk-based approach for integrated coastal management
Creators: name: Hardy, Matthew
name: MacIsaac, Ray
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In Canada, the development of risk-based approaches to support decision-making continues to be a priority for integrated coastal-zone management. The development of a conceptual framework for risk-based integrated management is considered as a means to more effectively use existing information and ensure the efficient deployment of resources as well as renewing the focus on priority setting. Strengthening the initial phases of this process is key to building a credible and pragmatic management process that has the potential to be successful at achieving realistic goals within a well-defined scope and scale of issues. The retooling of the best available information is being considered with regard to the development of environmental vulnerability profiles in order to incorporate: (i) ecologically significant areas, (ii) social-cultural and economically significant areas, (iii) human use activities and their zone of influence, and (iv) characterizing the potential conflicts and compatibilities. The intent is to provide the context to frame preliminary decisions with regard to the appropriate approach and level of response required to lead to more focused assessments relating to ecology, sociocultural and economic, and governance issues. The elements being considered are founded on the recognition of jurisdictional authorities and their respective accountabilities for the management of issues that cannot be resolved unilaterally by any organization or entity alone. Moreover, a risk-based framework is being examined as a means to provide an objective, rigorous, and iterative approach that may serve to validate facts and perceptions around public concerns while enhancing communication and engagement.
Scindapsus crassipes Engl.
Creators: name: Wong, Sin Yeng
name: Joling, Jyloerica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Scindapsus
Scindapsus crassipes

description: Scindapsus crassipes Engl. Material examined. MALAYSIA – Pedalaman • Sipitang, Long Pasia, Ulu Padas, Bukit Busur, 338.328 m (1110 ft.) elev.; 27 January 2003; Dolois S. SP 18081 (SAN) – Sandakan • Beluran, Hutan Simpan Timinimbang, (B) Compartment 52, Near 1st plot of ecology team; 05°59′33′′N 117°06′08′′E; 96 m elev.; 20 February 2014; Nur Adillah 156305 (SAN) • Kinabatangan, Maliau Basin, Gunung Rara Forest Reserve, 2.5KM above main Maliau Falls; 530 m elev.; 9 April 1996; A. Hay 12030 (SAN). Identification. Trichosclereids abundant. Solitary, leaflitter-trapping, bole perching. Distribution and ecology. Scindapsus crassipes is endemic to Borneo. Southwestern and northeastern Sabah.
description: Published as part of Wong, Sin Yeng & Joling, Jyloerica, 2021, Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), pp. 931-974 in Check List 17 (3) on page 968, DOI: 10.15560/17.3.931
Mellin-Barnes representations of Feynman diagrams, linear systems of differential equations, and polynomial solutions
Creators: name: Kalmykov, Mikhail Yu.
name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the Mellin-Barnes representations of Feynman diagrams can be used for obtaining linear systems of homogeneous differential equations for the original Feynman diagrams with arbitrary powers of propagators without recourse to the integration-by-parts technique. These systems of differential equations can be used (i) for the differential reductions to sets of basic functions and (ii) for counting the numbers of master integrals.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, comments added, typos corrected, references updated, to appear in Physics Letters B
title: Is predation by grey seals a major component of the elevated natural mortality of cod in the Gulf of St Lawrence?
Creators: name: Hammill, M. O.
name: Swain, D.
name: Stenson, G. B.
name: Harvey, V.
name: Benoit, H.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The southern Gulf of St Lawrence Atlantic cod fishery collapsed as a result of overfishing and a moratorium was declared in 1992. In spite of limited fishing, this stock has demonstrated no sign of recovery because of high M for large cod. Various hypotheses for the high M include dumping at sea, poor condition, fisheries-induced life-history changes, parasite infections, and predation by seals. Examination of the various hypotheses indicate that seal predation is the most likely source of high M because of the strong correlation between M and changes in the grey seal population size. Diet data suggest a strong cod component, but primarily of smaller fish, invoking the need for significant belly biting to account for consumption of sufficient numbers of large cod, but there are significant gaps in the spatial/temporal coverage of grey seal diet composition. A spatial analyses of the overlap between grey seals equipped with satellite transmitters and overwintering fish demonstrates positive selection by large males for overwintering concentrations of small 4T cod in Cabot Strait. The distribution of abundant small cod, however, is highly correlated with that of less abundant large cod, possibly overwhelming the signal. Diet sampling in the area demonstrated that cod contributed over 50% of the energy to the grey seal diet in the area, and the mean length of cod consumed was 42 cm compared with an average length of 28 cm from summer diet samples. Estimating consumption indicates that grey seal predation could form a significant component of M, but rather than a large-scale removal of animals a targeted reduction in areas of seal–cod overlap may be more effective.
Relaxation Dynamics of Disordered Spin Chains: Localization and the Existence of a Stationary State
Creators: name: Ziraldo, Simone
name: Silva, Alessandro
name: Santoro, Giuseppe E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the unitary relaxation dynamics of disordered spin chains following a sudden quench of the Hamiltonian. We give analytical arguments, corroborated by specific numerical examples, to show that the existence of a stationary state depends crucially on the spectral and localization properties of the final Hamiltonian, and not on the initial state. We test these ideas on integrable one-dimensional models of the Ising or XY class, but argue more generally on their validity for more complex (nonintegrable) models.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Polymorphic factor H-binding activity of CspA protects Lyme borreliae from the host complement in feeding ticks to facilitate tick-to-host transmission
Creators: name: Hart, Thomas
name: Nguyen, Ngoc Thien Thu
name: Nowak, Nancy A.
name: Zhang, Fuming
name: Linhardt, Robert J.
name: Diuk-Wasser, Maria
name: Ram, Sanjay
name: Kraiczy, Peter
name: Lin, Yi-Pin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
Proteins
Biology

description: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl), the causative agent of Lyme disease, establishes an initial infection in the host’s skin following a tick bite, and then disseminates to distant organs, leading to multisystem manifestations. Tick-to-vertebrate host transmission requires that Bbsl survives during blood feeding. Complement is an important innate host defense in blood and interstitial fluid. Bbsl produces a polymorphic surface protein, CspA, that binds to a complement regulator, Factor H (FH) to block complement activation in vitro. However, the role that CspA plays in the Bbsl enzootic cycle remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that different CspA variants promote spirochete binding to FH to inactivate complement and promote serum resistance in a host-specific manner. Utilizing a tick-to-mouse transmission model, we observed that a cspA-knockout B. burgdorferi is eliminated from nymphal ticks in the first 24 hours of feeding and is unable to be transmitted to naïve mice. Conversely, ectopically producing CspA derived from B. burgdorferi or B. afzelii, but not B. garinii in a cspA-knockout strain restored spirochete survival in fed nymphs and tick-to-mouse transmission. Furthermore, a CspA point mutant, CspA-L246D that was defective in FH-binding, failed to survive in fed nymphs and at the inoculation site or bloodstream in mice. We also allowed those spirochete-infected nymphs to feed on C3-/- mice that lacked functional complement. The cspA-knockout B. burgdorferi or this mutant strain complemented with cspA variants or cspA-L246D was found at similar levels as wild type B. burgdorferi in the fed nymphs and mouse tissues. These novel findings suggest that the FH-binding activity of CspA protects spirochetes from complement-mediated killing in fed nymphal ticks, which ultimately allows Bbsl transmission to mammalian hosts.
Scindapsus longipetiolatus Ridl.
Creators: name: Wong, Sin Yeng
name: Joling, Jyloerica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Scindapsus
Scindapsus longipetiolatus

description: Scindapsus longipetiolatus Ridl. Material examined. MALAYSIA – Pedalaman • Tambunan, Rafflesia Forest Reserve Rafflesia, trail behind Rafflesia Information Centre; 05°46′42″N, 116°20′28″E; 14 May 2011; P. Leong 453 (SAN, SING) – Tawau • Lahad Datu, Danum Valley Field Centre; 04°57′30″N, 117°41′47″E; 19 February 1992; A. Berhaman SAN 134403 (SAN) • Lahad Datu, Segama River Forest Reserve; 04°57′42″N, 117°49′57″E; 18 March 1985; Leopold M. & Ismail SAN 108616 (SAN) • Tawau, Tawau Hills Forest Reserve; 04°23′60″N, 117°53′21″E; 6 July 1974; Aban G. & Free SAN 79670 (SAN). Identification. Lianes and stem 7 mm. in diameter. This species is superficially similar to S. longistipitatus Merr. but is differentiated with a shorter stipe (refer S. longistipitatus below). Distribution and ecology. Southwestern and eastern Sabah. Mainly well-drained perhumid to everwet broadleaf forest at low to middle elevations.
description: Published as part of Wong, Sin Yeng & Joling, Jyloerica, 2021, Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), pp. 931-974 in Check List 17 (3) on page 970, DOI: 10.15560/17.3.931
title: Abundance and mortality of Northeast Arctic cod and haddock during their first years of life
Creators: name: Bogstad, Bjarte
name: Nakken, Odd
name: Eriksen, Elena
name: Marshall, C. Tara
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.For northeast Arctic cod and haddock, long time-series of year-class abundance are available at several stages before they recruit to the fishery (i.e. before they reach age 3). Several studies have already been made of the influence of various factors on the abundance and survival of these stocks during the first three years of life, in particular for cod. Revision of dataseries, however, as well as availability of longer dataseries makes a new analysis worthwhile. The analysis includes both virtual population analysis (VPA) estimates of abundance of spawning stock and recruitment, as well as estimates of total egg production and survey estimates from pelagic and bottom-trawl surveys. Information on cod predation on cod and haddock is also used. The mortality at various life stages is found to vary considerably between cohorts for both stocks. Although the mortality is highest during the first months of life, the year-class strength can be affected considerably by processes taking place between the 0-group stage (ca. six months) and age 3. The variation in mortality is related to density dependence, temperature, predator abundance, and other factors.
Esphora Noyes 2023
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Triozidae
Esphora

description: Key to Costa Rican species of Esphora
(Females)
 1. Antenna (Figs 1859, 1860) with scape about 1.7-1.9X as long as broad and F3 clearly transverse; fore wing conspicuously infuscate below marginal vein (Fig. 1857); ovipositor hardly exserted, the exserted part not more than 0.5X as long as mid tibial spur, gonostylus not more than 1.3X as long as mid tibial spur........................................................................................................................... cyllene sp.nov.
 - Antenna (Fig. 1866) with scape about 2-2.4X as long as broad and F3 longer than broad; fore wing not infuscate below marginal vein (Fig. 1865); ovipositor clearly exserted, the exserted part more than 0.6X as long as mid tibia spur, gonostylus at least about 1.7X as long as mid tibial spur........................................ rhea sp.nov.
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on page 675, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943
Efficient treatment of the high-frequency tail of the self-energy function and its relevance for multi-orbital models
Creators: name: Li, Gang
name: Hanke, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present an efficient and stable method to determine the one-particle Green's function in the hybridization-expansion continuous-time (CT-HYB) quantum Monte Carlo method, within the framework of the dynamical mean-field theory. The high-frequency tail of the impurity self-energy is replaced with a noise-free function determined by a dual-expansion around the atomic limit. This method does not depend on the explicit form of the interaction term. More advantageous, it does not introduce any additional numerical cost to the CT-HYB simulation. We discuss the symmetries of the two-particle vertex, which can be used to optimize the simulation of the four-point correlation functions in the CT-HYB. Here, we adopt it to accelerate the dual-expansion calculation, which turns out to be especially suitable for the study of material systems with complicated band structures. As an application, a two-orbital Anderson impurity model with a general on-site interaction form is studied. The phase diagram is extracted as a function of the Coulomb interactions for two different Hund's coupling strengths. In the presence of the hybridization between different orbitals, for smaller interaction strengths, this model shows a transition from metal to band-insulator. Increasing the interaction strengths, this transition is replaced by a crossover from Mott insulator to band-insulator behavior.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, references updated, published version in Phys. Rev. B
Method overtness, forensic autopsy, and the evidentiary suicide note: A multilevel National Violent Death Reporting System analysis
Creators: name: Rockett, Ian R. H.
name: Caine, Eric D.
name: Stack, Steven
name: Connery, Hilary S.
name: Nolte, Kurt B.
name: Lilly, Christa L.
name: Miller, Ted R.
name: Nelson, Lewis S.
name: Putnam, Sandra L.
name: Nestadt, Paul S.
name: Jia, Haomiao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Violent deaths
Epidemiology
Autopsy
Psychological autopsy
Suicide
Biometry

description: Objective
Higher prevalence of suicide notes could signify more conservatism in accounting and greater proneness to undercounting of suicide by method. We tested two hypotheses: (1) an evidentiary suicide note is more likely to accompany suicides by drug-intoxication and by other poisoning, as less violent and less forensically overt methods, than suicides by firearm and hanging/suffocation; and (2) performance of a forensic autopsy attenuates any observed association between overtness of method and the reported presence of a note.

Methods
This multilevel (individual/county), multivariable analysis employed a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Representing the 17 states participating in the United States National Violent Death Reporting System throughout 2011–2013, the study population comprised registered suicides, aged 15 years and older. Decedents totaled 32,151. The outcome measure was relative odds of an authenticated suicide note.

Results
An authenticated suicide note was documented in 31% of the suicide cases. Inspection of the full multivariable model showed a suicide note was more likely to manifest among drug intoxication (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.70; 95% CI, 1.56, 1.85) and other poisoning suicides (OR, 2.12; 1.85, 2.42) than firearm suicides, the referent. Respective excesses were larger when there was no autopsy or autopsy status was unknown (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.61, 2.14) and (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.86, 2.72) relative to the comparisons with a forensic autopsy (OR, 1.62, 95% CI, 1.45, 1.82 and OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.66, 2.43). Hanging/suffocation suicides did not differ from the firearm referent given an autopsy.

Conclusions
Suicide requires substantial affirmative evidence to establish manner of death, and affirmation of drug intoxication suicides appears to demand an especially high burden of proof. Findings and their implications argue for more stringent investigative standards, better training, and more resources to support comprehensive and accurate case ascertainment, as the foundation for developing evidence-based suicide prevention initiatives.
On Fractional Quantum Hall Solitons and Chern-Simons Quiver Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Belhaj, Adil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a class of hierarchical multiple layers of fractional quantum Hall soliton (FQHS) systems from Chern-Simons quivers embedded in M-theory on the cotangent on a 2-dimensional complex toric variety \bf V^2, which is dual to type IIA superstring on a 3-dimensional complex manifold \bf {CP}^1\times V^2 fibered over a real line \mathbb{R}. Based on M-theory/Type IIA duality, FQHS systems can be derived from wrapped D4-branes on 2-cycles in \bf {CP}^1\times V^2 type IIA geometry. In this realization, the magnetic source can be identified with gauge fields obtained from the decomposition of the R-R 3-form on a generic combination of 2-cycles. Using type IIA D-brane flux data, we compute the filling factors for models relying on \bf{CP}^2 and the zeroth Hirzebruch surface.
description: 11 pages, latex. Modified version, to appear in CQG(2012)
title: Predation impact on juvenile plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) in its nursery ground (Tralee Beach, Scotland); field application of a TaqMan real-time PCR based assay targetingplaice DNA
Creators: name: Albaina, Aitor
name: Taylor, Martin I.
name: Fox, Clive J.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Natural mortality of juvenile plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) through predation was estimated in a Scottish nursery ground (Tralee Beach) in spring 2009 by means of a DNA-based method (TaqMan real-time PCR-based assay), targeting a plaice-specific cytochrome-b sequence in the DNA extracted from potential predators’ stomach contents. The assay was run in more than 1100 stomachs from a set of predators thought to be important sources of mortality of small juvenile plaice on inshore nursery grounds (including the brown shrimp, Crangon crangon, the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, and several fish species). Previous studies of predation on juvenile plaice have used visual examination of stomach contents but this is time-consuming and may underestimate true predation levels as remains become unidentifiable as a result of maceration and digestion. Molecular-based tools for detecting the presence of prey tissue in predator stomachs and scat are increasingly used in marine ecology and provide an alternative approach to visual identification. In this sense, while 44.8% of the brown shrimp’s stomachs tested positive for plaice DNA after running the assay, only 5.7% and 10.2% did for, respectively, the shore crab and gobies. Results are discussed in relation to different biological (nursery ground community composition, prey and predator size, etc.) and environmental (temperature, light, depth, tide, etc.) variables; the fate of juvenile mortality by predation in plaice recruitment is also discussed.
Unsupervised textile defect detection using convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Koulali, Imane
name: Eskil, M. Taner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we propose a novel motif-based approach for unsupervised textile anomaly detection that combines the benefits of traditional convolutional neural networks with those of an unsupervised learning paradigm. It consists of five main steps: preprocessing, automatic pattern period extraction, patch extraction, features selection and anomaly detection. This proposed approach uses a new dynamic and heuristic method for feature selection which avoids the drawbacks of initialization of the number of filters (neurons) and their weights, and those of the backpropagation mechanism such as the vanishing gradients, which are common practice in the state-of-the-art methods. The design and training of the network are performed in a dynamic and input domain-based manner and, thus, no ad-hoc configurations are required. Before building the model, only the number of layers and the stride are defined. We do not initialize the weights randomly nor do we define the filter size or number of filters as conventionally done in CNN-based approaches. This reduces effort and time spent on hyperparameter initialization and fine-tuning. Only one defect-free sample is required for training and no further labeled data is needed. The trained network is then used to detect anomalies on defective fabric samples. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the Patterned Fabrics benchmark dataset. Our algorithm yields reliable and competitive results (on recall, precision, accuracy and f1- measure) compared to state-of-the-art unsupervised approaches, in less time, with efficient training in a single epoch and a lower computational cost.
Tawaia sabahensis S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce
Creators: name: Wong, Sin Yeng
name: Joling, Jyloerica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Tawaia
Tawaia sabahensis

description: Tawaia sabahensis (S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce Material examined. MALAYSIA – Sandakan • Tongod, Gunung Tingkar; 05°18′00″N, 117°07′45″E; 167.64 m elev.; 24 August 1992; K. M. Wong & Joseph Radin WKM 2215 (SAN). Identification. Tawaia sabahensis is the only species in Tawaia and is unique by the combination of globose thecae and spathulate interpistillar staminodes. In overall aspect, by the nodding spathe on a long, slender peduncle, and by the spathe limb hardly opening at pistillate anthesis and deliquescing acroscopically, spathe recurved and abscises, remained with a 5 mm rim beyond the junction of upper spathe and the persistent lower spathe, upper spathe then marcescent and was partially attached on the persistent lower spathe, thence browning and marcescent during staminate anthesis (Low et al. 2018). Distribution and ecology. Endemic to Sabah. Occurs as an obligate rheophyte on ultramafic (ultrabasic) river boulders and waterfalls under moist lowland forest, elevation between 135 and 300 m.
description: Published as part of Wong, Sin Yeng & Joling, Jyloerica, 2021, Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), pp. 931-974 in Check List 17 (3) on page 971, DOI: 10.15560/17.3.931
description: {"references": ["Low SL, Wong SY, Boyce PC (2018) Naming the chaos: generic redelimitation in Schismatoglottideae (Araceae). Webbia 72 (2): 1 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2017.1409940"]}
A Selective Review of Group Selection in High-Dimensional Models
Creators: name: Huang, Jian
name: Breheny, Patrick
name: Ma, Shuangge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grouping structures arise naturally in many statistical modeling problems. Several methods have been proposed for variable selection that respect grouping structure in variables. Examples include the group LASSO and several concave group selection methods. In this article, we give a selective review of group selection concerning methodological developments, theoretical properties and computational algorithms. We pay particular attention to group selection methods involving concave penalties. We address both group selection and bi-level selection methods. We describe several applications of these methods in nonparametric additive models, semiparametric regression, seemingly unrelated regressions, genomic data analysis and genome wide association studies. We also highlight some issues that require further study.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-STS392 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Modelling approach for evaluating of natural mortality variation caused by cannibalism in the Barents Sea cod
Creators: name: Filin, Anatoly
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Cannibalism is an important population mechanism to control cod abundance in response to environment variations. The estimates of the Barents Sea cod cannibalism calculated on the basis of the quantitative analysis of stomach content have been available since 1984. Based on these estimates the quantity of juveniles consumed by cod significantly varies from year to year and depends on abundance and age composition of adult cod, juvenile abundance, as well as the stock size of capelin as a main food item. Using a multispecies STOCOBAR model, an attempt to extend the time-series of data on cod cannibalism on the basis of the accessible historical data on capelin abundance, cod commercial stock, and water temperature since 1972 has been made. The dependence of rate of cod natural mortality through cannibalism on capelin stock size in the Barents Sea under different temperature and cod stock was analysed, applying scenario modelling. The aspect of improvement of cod harvest control rule based on obtained findings is considered.