cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of coaxial borehole heat exchanger for geothermal heat and power
Creators: name: Pokhrel, Sajjan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Decarbonization of heat and electricity generation through geothermal energy is increasing, thanks to its universal availability and base load capacity. Although geothermal energy has several advantages compared to other renewable energy sources, more research is necessary to understand the fluid flow and heat transfer processes in diverse geological formations. These geological formations can be complex due to the variability of rock/soil properties, fluid presence, and fluid movement. Heat exchangers employed in such systems can reach thousands of meters, posing challenges for field-test experiments. In addition, mathematical modeling of such systems is a challenging task. This dissertation is based on two geothermal projects; one focused on power generation and the other on heating. Both projects employ either a coaxial borehole heat exchanger (a single coaxial borehole) or a system of coaxial borehole heat exchangers. For geothermal power, a field-test experiment is carried out in a high-temperature resource well with a thermal gradient of 0.4°C/m. Experimental results are analyzed and rock properties are measured. In addition, a numerical model is developed to replicate the 500-meter deep field-test experiment. The developed numerical model is validated with the experimental data and is used to understand the subsurface behavior of the geothermal reservoir. Additionally, the performance of the heat exchanger under the complex geological formation, accounting for the presence of subsurface fluid flow, is evaluated. For geothermal heating, a numerical model is developed to study the heat transfer characteristics of a solar-geothermal heating system. The developed numerical model solves the heat and mass transfer process in a rectangular array of 450 coaxial boreholes. It also accounts for energy generation in solar thermal collectors and thermal demand on buildings. The numerical model is used to study energy injection into boreholes, energy extraction from boreholes, thermal interactions between boreholes, thermal losses from the system, and the performance of the solar-geothermal heating system. The results showed that subsurface fluid flow has a significant impact on the energy output from geothermal systems. Solar-geothermal heating systems have good potential to decarbonize space and water heating applications in Canada.
Viris Inclytis, Nobilissimis, Magnificis, Amplissimis, Excellentissimis, Consultissimis Clarissimis Prudentissimis: Dominis Consulibus, Syndicis, & Senatoribus Insignis Urbis Luneburgensis, Dominis suis fautoribus & benefactoribus maximopere colendis. Speculum Hoc De Hodiernorum Monachorum In Papatu Degentium Votis offert, dicat, consecrat Josephus Adjutus SS. Theolog. D. & Linguae Italicae Extraordinarius Professor Publicus; 1650
Creators: name: Adiutus, Josephus
name: Wendt, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Wittenbergae E Calcographeo Michaelis Wendt Anno 1650
Infrared Laser Driven Double Proton Transfer. An Optimal Control Theory Study
Creators: name: Abdel-Latif, Mahmoud
name: Kühn, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser control of ultrafast double proton transfer is investigated for a two-dimensional model system describing stepwise and concerted transfer pathways. The pulse design has been done by employing optimal control theory in combination with the multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree wave packet propagation. The obtained laser fields correspond to multiple pump-dump pulse sequences. Special emphasis is paid to the relative importance of stepwise and concerted transfer pathways for the driven wave packet and its dependence on the parameters of the model Hamiltonian as well as on the propagation time. While stepwise transfer is dominating in all cases considered, for high barrier systems concerted transfer proceeding via tunneling can make a contribution.
description: 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Social capital and maternal and child health services uptake in low- and middle-income countries: mixed methods systematic review
Creators: name: Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku
name: Alene, Getu Degu
name: Amare, Desalegne
name: Assefa, Yibeltal
name: Tessema, Gizachew A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1
Community-based, circular economy social enterprises in mid and north Wales– a case study approach
Creators: name: Murphy, Lyndon
name: Fuller-Love, Nerys
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public participation and community engagement

description: The circular economy is becoming increasingly important as a community based response to global sustainability challenges. Three social enterprises were identified as case studies to illustrate the circular economy work undertaken in mid and north Wales. The three case studies chosen for the project are Aber Food Surplus, Y Drefwerdd, and Craft, both Aber Food Surplus and Craft are based in mid Wales and Y Drefwerdd is based in north Wales
In vitro reconstitution of chromatin domains shows a role for nucleosome positioning in 3D genome organization
Creators: name: Oberbeckmann, Elisa
name: Quililan, Kimberly
name: Cramer, Patrick
name: Oudelaar, Aukje Marieke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Eukaryotic genomes are organized into chromatin domains. The molecular mechanisms driving the formation of these domains are difficult to dissect in vivo and remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstitute S. cerevisiae chromatin in vitro and determine its 3D organization at sub-nucleosome resolution by MNase-based chromosome conformation capture and molecular dynamics simulations. We show that regularly spaced and phased nucleosome arrays form chromatin domains in vitro resembling domains in vivo. This demonstrates that neither loop extrusion nor transcription are required for basic domain formation in yeast. In addition, we find that the boundaries of reconstituted domains correspond to nucleosome-free regions and that insulation strength scales with their width. Finally, we show that domain compaction depends on nucleosome linker length, with longer linkers forming more compact structures. Together, our results demonstrate that regular nucleosome positioning is important for the formation of chromatin domains and provide a proof-of-principle for bottom-up 3D genome studies.
Matrix formalism and singular-value decomposition for the location of gamma interactions in segmented HPGe detectors
Creators: name: Desesquelles, P.
name: Ha, T. M. H.
name: Hauschild, K.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Blanc, F. Le
name: Lopez-Martens, A.
name: Olariu, A.
name: Petrache, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern coaxial and planar HPGe detectors allow a precise determination of the energies and trajectories of the impinging gamma-rays. This entails the location of the gamma interactions inside the crystal from the shape of the delivered signals. This paper reviews the state of the art of the analysis of the HPGe response function and proposes methods that lead to optimum signal decomposition. The generic matrix method allows fast location of the interactions even when the induced signals strongly overlap.
description: 11 pages, 21 figures
Bilinear Equations and Bäcklund Transformation for Generalized Ultradiscrete Soliton Solution
Creators: name: Nagai, Hidetomo
name: Takahashi, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultradiscrete soliton equations and Bäcklund transformation for a generalized soliton solution are presented. The equations include the ultradiscrete KdV equation or the ultradiscrete Toda equation in a special case. We also express the solution by the ultradiscrete permanent, which is defined by ultradiscretizing the signature-free determinant, that is, the permanent. Moreover, we discuss a relation between Bäcklund transformations for discrete and ultradiscrete KdV equations.
description: 11 pages
Additional file 1 of Engaging with selective dry cow therapy: understanding the barriers and facilitators perceived by Irish farmers
Creators: name: Huey, Sarah
name: Kavanagh, Michaela
name: Regan, Aine
name: Dean, Moira
name: McKernan, Clare
name: McCoy, Finola
name: Ryan, Eoin G.
name: Caballero-Villalobos, Javier
name: McAloon, Catherine I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Selective Dry Cow Therapy TASAH Follow-up Questionnaire.
CA-SBA-724: Archaeological site record for CA-SBA-724
Creators: name: Kekich, Jessica
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: North America (Continent)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2890/north-america-continent
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: CA-SBA-724
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/93136/ca-sba-724
subject: Temporary Campsite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/926/temporary-campsite
subject: Quarry
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/293/quarry
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Haliotis sp.
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/980/haliotis-sp
subject: Tegula sp.
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3672/tegula-sp
subject: Limpet
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3884/limpet
subject: Hammerstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/5939/hammerstone
subject: Core
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/618/core
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview

description: This document is the archaeological site record for CA-SBA-724. This record consists of 2 recordation events.
Refinement of Health App Review Tool (HART) through stakeholder interviews: HART 2.0
Creators: name: Faieta, Julie
name: Bourassa, Julie
name: Best, Krista
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The Health App Review Tool (HART) is a novel assessment designed to match users with Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD) and caregivers to mobile applications that support health and wellness. The objectives of this study were to gather stakeholder feedback on the HART and then to implement revisions. Thirteen participants completed in-depth Think Aloud interviews. Participants shared qualitative feedback on each HART item. Participant feedback was analyzed via in-depth video-audio review. Feedback was implemented as actionable HART revisions. On average, the majority of participants rated items as ”adequate”; however, qualitative findings indicated the need for improvement in conciseness, clarity, and understandability. Conciseness was addressed by combining related concepts into multi-items, clarity through the addition of specific examples, and understandability through improved verbiage. The HART has been refined from 106 items to 17 items through extensive revisions to the clarity, conciseness, and explanations provided throughout the assessment.
Structured representation learning by controlling generative models
Creators: name: He, Xingzhe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Object correspondence and structure play critical roles in image generation, 3D reconstruction and animation. In recent years, supervised algorithms have dramatically improved the accuracy of the learned correspondence. However, these approaches are expensive due to manual annotation and do not generalize well to new domains. We propose several methods in this dissertation on unsupervised structure learning from casually recorded images and videos. To be specific, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based unsupervised keypoint detector and extend it for object part segmentation. Furthermore, we introduce a representation for unsupervised keypoints relationship estimation. We later adapted this technique for few-shot keypoint learning, depth prediction, and occlusion handling. In addition, we propose a dataset generation approach for diffusion model personalization to implicitly learn the object structure and appearance. The overarching goal of this dissertation is to make progress in the field of unsupervised object correspondence and structure learning. Our proposed methods outperform existing unsupervised methods on the established keypoint estimation and part segmentation benchmarks and paves the way for structure-conditioned generative models on more diverse datasets.
Additional file 2 of Social capital and maternal and child health services uptake in low- and middle-income countries: mixed methods systematic review
Creators: name: Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku
name: Alene, Getu Degu
name: Amare, Desalegne
name: Assefa, Yibeltal
name: Tessema, Gizachew A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2
Pareto Front Approximation for Multi-Objective Session-Based Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Wilm, Timo
name: Normann, Philipp
name: Stepprath, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work introduces MultiTRON, an approach that adapts Pareto front approximation techniques to multi-objective session-based recommender systems using a transformer neural network. Our approach optimizes trade-offs between key metrics such as click-through and conversion rates by training on sampled preference vectors. A significant advantage is that after training, a single model can access the entire Pareto front, allowing it to be tailored to meet the specific requirements of different stakeholders by adjusting an additional input vector that weights the objectives. We validate the model's performance through extensive offline and online evaluation. For broader application and research, the source code is made available at https://github.com/otto-de/MultiTRON. The results confirm the model's ability to manage multiple recommendation objectives effectively, offering a flexible tool for diverse business needs.
description: Accepted at the Eighteenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys '24)
Isospin mixing in nuclei within the nuclear density functional theory
Creators: name: Satula, W.
name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Rafalski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the self-consistent, non-perturbative analysis of isospin mixing using the nuclear density functional approach and the rediagonalization of the Coulomb interaction in the good-isospin basis. The largest isospin-breaking effects are predicted for N = Z nuclei and they quickly fall with the neutron excess. The unphysical isospin violation on the mean-field level, caused by the neutron excess, is eliminated by the proposed method. We find a significant dependence of the magnitude of isospin breaking on the parametrization of the nuclear interaction term. A rough correlation has been found between the isospin mixing parameter and the difference of proton and neutron rms radii. The theoretical framework described in this study is well suited to describe a variety of phenomena associated with isospin violation in nuclei, in particular the isospin symmetry-breaking corrections to superallowed Fermi beta decays.
description: submitted to Physical Review Letters
Validation of fluorescence transition probability calculations
Creators: name: Pia, M. G.
name: Saracco, P.
name: Sudhaka, Manju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic and quantitative validation of the K and L shell X-ray transition probability calculations according to different theoretical methods has been performed against experimental data. This study is relevant to the optimization of data libraries used by software systems, namely Monte Carlo codes, dealing with X-ray fluorescence. The results support the adoption of transition probabilities calculated according to the Hartree-Fock approach, which manifest better agreement with experimental measurements than calculations based on the Hartree-Slater method.
description: 8 pages, 21 figures and images, 3 tables, to appear in proceedings of the Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference 2009, Orlando
A CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing pipeline in the EndoC-βH1 cell line to study genes implicated in beta cell function.
Creators: name: Grotz, Antje
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic with a strong genetic component, but the majority of causal genes influencing the disease risk are mostly still unknown. It is clear however, that the pancreatic beta cell is central to T2D pathogenesis. In vitro gene-knockout (KO) models to study T2D risk genes have so far focused on rodent beta cells. However, there are important structural and functional differences between rodent and human beta cell lines. With that in mind, we have developed a robust pipeline to create stable CRISPR/Cas9 KO in an authentic human beta cell line (EndoC-βH1). The KO pipeline consists of a dual lentiviral sgRNA strategy and we targeted three genes (INS, IDE, PAM) as a proof of concept. We achieved a significant reduction in mRNA levels and complete protein depletion of all target genes. Using this dual sgRNA strategy, up to 94kb DNA were cut out of the target genes and the editing efficiency of each sgRNA exceeded >87.5%. Sequencing of off-targets showed no unspecific editing. Most importantly, the pipeline did not affect the glucose-responsive insulin secretion of the cells. Interestingly, comparison of KO cell lines for NEUROD1 and SLC30A8 with siRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) approaches demonstrate phenotypic differences. NEUROD1-KO cells were not viable and displayed elevated markers for ER stress and apoptosis. NEUROD1-KD however only had a modest elevation by 34% in the pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP and a gene expression profile indicative of chronic ER stress without evidence of elevated cell death. On the other hand, SLC30A8-KO cells demonstrated no reduction in K¬ATP channel gene expression in contrast to siRNA silencing. Overall, this strategy to efficiently create stable KO in the human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 will allow for a better understanding of genes involved in beta cell dysfunction, their underlying functional mechanisms and T2D pathogenesis.
The elliptic quantum algebra $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl_N})$ and its vertex operators
Creators: name: Chang, Wen-Jing
name: Ding, Xiang-Mao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a realization of the elliptic quantum algebra $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl_N})$ for any given level $k$ in terms of free boson fields and their twisted partners. It can be considered as the elliptic deformation of the Wakimoto realization of the quantum affine algebra $U_{q}(\hat{sl_N})$. We also construct a family of screening currents, which commute with the currents of $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl_N})$ up to total q-differences. And we give explicit twisted expressions for the type $I$ and the type $II$ vertex operators of $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl_N})$ by twisting the known results of the type $I$ vertex operators of the quantum affine algebra $U_{q}(\hat{sl_N})$ and the new results of the type $II$ vertex operators of $U_{q}(\hat{sl_N})$ we obtained in this paper.
description: 28 pages
Adaptation of the Modified Adiabatic Approximation to Strong Field Ionization
Creators: name: Bondar, Denys I.
name: Liu, Wing-Ki
name: Yudin, Gennady L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Savichev's modified adiabatic approximation [Sov. Phys. JETP 73, 803 (1991)] is used to obtain a general form of a quantum-mechanical amplitude of ionization by a low-frequency laser field. The method possesses only one requirement that the frequency of the laser field must be low. Connections of the obtained result with the quasi-classical approximation and other previous investigations are discussed.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 3 of Social capital and maternal and child health services uptake in low- and middle-income countries: mixed methods systematic review
Creators: name: Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku
name: Alene, Getu Degu
name: Amare, Desalegne
name: Assefa, Yibeltal
name: Tessema, Gizachew A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3
Realized Semi Betas in Currency markets and other asset classes
Creators: name: Lu, Wenna
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Innovation management
Financial accounting

description: CAPM does not perform well in pricing the cross-sectional returns from the currency carry trade and factors such as volatility innovation (Menkhoff et all, 2011) or downside risk (Dobrynskaya, 2014) have been used to solve this problem. In this paper, we argue that market return could be used as the solo factor to price the cross-sessional carry trade – however it needs to be decomposed into four semibetas that depend on the signed covariation between the market and individual asset returns.
India’s internet shutdowns as biopolitics: The formation of political will and opinion through collective action under attack
Creators: name: Sahoo, Sananda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: During the 2020–2021 farmers’ movement in India, the central government argued that its temporary internet shutdowns in specific areas associated with the protest aimed to prevent law and order violations. Scholars have analyzed internet shutdowns as a method to control speech, which amounts to an infringement on the freedom of speech and expression. Additional studies have pointed out that such shutdowns directly interfere with the right to assembly. This paper adds to the existing scholarship by positing that internet shutdowns during mass protest movements interfere with a fundamental democracy-related value of the right to assembly, which, to borrow Salát’s phrase, is “the formation of political will and opinion.” Drawing on Foucault’s concept of biopolitics, the paper argues that shutdowns associated with collective protest should also be understood as an interference in the formation of political will and opinion by trying to manage the circulation of information and control a particular behavior, that is, dissent.
The dephasing rate formula in the many body context
Creators: name: Cohen, Doron
name: von Delft, Jan
name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Imry, Yoseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a straightforward approach to the calculation of the dephasing rate in a fermionic system, which correctly keeps track of the crucial physics of Pauli blocking. Starting from Fermi's golden rule, the dephasing rate can be written as an integral over the frequency transferred between system and environment, weighted by their respective spectral densities. We show that treating the full many-fermion system instead of a single particle automatically enforces the Pauli principle. Furthermore, we explain the relation to diagrammatics. Finally, we show how to treat the more involved strong-coupling case when interactions appreciably modify the spectra. This is relevant for the situation in disordered metals, where screening is important.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, some textual improvements, to be published in PRB
Study of Decay Modes B -->K_0^*(1430) phi
Creators: name: Kim, C. s
name: Li, Ying
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of perturbative QCD approach based on $\mathbf{k_T}$ factorization, we investigate the charmless decay mode $B \to K_0^*(1430)ϕ$. Under two different scenarios (S1 and S2) for the description of scalar meson $K_0^*(1430)$, we explore the branching fractions and related CP asymmetries. Besides the dominant contributions from the factorizable emission diagrams, penguin operators in the annihilation diagrams could also provide considerable contributions. The central values of our predictions are larger than those from the QCD factorization in both scenarios. Compared with the experimental measurements of the BaBar collaboration, the result of neutral channel in the S1 agrees with experimental data, while the result of the charged one is a bit smaller than the data. In the S2 scenario, although the central value for the branching fractions of both channels are much larger than the data, the predictions could agree with the data due to the large uncertainties to the branching fractions from the hadronic input parameters. The CP asymmetry in the charged channel is small and not sensitive to CKM angle $γ$. With the accurate data in near future from the various $B$ factories, these predictions will be under stringent tests.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
The Central Charge of the Warped AdS^3 Black Hole
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Harikumar, E.
name: Sen, Siddhartha
name: Sivakumar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AdS/CFT conjecture offers the possibility of a quantum description for a black hole in terms of a CFT. This has led to the study of general AdS^3 type black holes with a view to constructing an explicit toy quantum black hole model. Such a CFT description would be characterized by its central charge and the dimensions of its primary fields. Recently the expression for the central charges (C_L, C_R) of the CFT dual to the warped AdS^3 have been determined using asymptotic symmetry arguments. The central charges depend, as expected, on the warping factor. We show that topological arguments, used by Witten to constrain central charges for the BTZ black hole, can be generalized to deal with the warped AdS^3 case. Topology constrains the warped factor to be rational numbers while quasinormal modes are conjectured to give the dimensions of primary fields. We find that in the limit when warping is large or when it takes special rational values the system tends to Witten's conjectured unique CFT's with central charges that are multiples of 24.
description: 6 pages, Latex file
The Invariant Set Postulate: A New Geometric Framework for the Foundations of Quantum Theory and the Role Played by Gravity
Creators: name: Palmer, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new law of physics is proposed, defined on the cosmological scale but with significant implications for the microscale. Motivated by nonlinear dynamical systems theory and black-hole thermodynamics, the Invariant Set Postulate proposes that cosmological states of physical reality belong to a non-computable fractal state-space geometry I, invariant under the action of some subordinate deterministic causal dynamics. An exploratory analysis is made of a possible causal realistic framework for quantum physics, based on key properties of I. For example, sparseness is used to relate generic counterfactual states to points not lying on I, thus providing a geometric basis for the essential contextuality of quantum physics and the role of the abstract Hilbert Space in quantum theory. Also, self-similarity, described in a symbolic setting, provides a possible "realistic" perspective on the essential role of complex numbers and quaternions in quantum theory. A new interpretation is given to the standard "mysteries" of quantum theory: superposition, measurement, nonlocality, emergence of classicality and so on. It is proposed that heterogeneities in the fractal geometry of I are manifestations of the phenomenon of gravity. Since quantum theory is inherently blind to the existence of such state-space geometries, the analysis here suggests that attempts to formulate unified theories of physics within a conventional quantum-theoretic framework are misguided, and that a successful quantum theory of gravity should unify the causal non-Euclidean geometry of space time with the atemporal fractal geometry of state space.
description: Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A
Continuous cavity-QED with an atomic beam
Creators: name: Famà, Francesca
name: Zhou, Sheng
name: Heizenreder, Benedikt
name: Tang, Mikkel
name: Bennetts, Shayne
name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Schäffer, Stefan A.
name: Schreck, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atoms coupled to cavities provide an exciting playground for the study of fundamental interactions of atoms mediated through a common channel. Many of the applications of cavity-QED and cold-atom experiments more broadly, suffer from limitations caused by the transient nature of an atomic loading cycle. The development of continuous operation schemes is necessary to push these systems to the next level of performance. Here we present a machine designed to produce a continuous flux of collimated atoms that traverse an optical cavity. The atom-light interaction is enhanced by a fast-decaying cavity optimal for studying phenomena where atomic properties dominate. We demonstrate the transition to a collective strong coupling regime heralded by a normal-mode splitting. We observe a second phase with a binary normal-mode splitting born from an offset in the mean velocity of the atoms. Inverting the atomic ensemble in the collective strong coupling regime, we measure continuous optical gain. This work sets the stage for studying threshold conditions for continuous collective phenomena, such as continuous superradiant lasing.
A Simple and Colorimetric Anthrone-Sulfuric Acid Method in Microplate to Quantify Soluble Sugars in Plant Tissue
Creators: name: Rosales, Aldo
name: Bojorges, Miguel
name: Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Soluble sugars
Maize

description: The anthrone method is a colorimetric assay used to quantify soluble sugars in plant tissues. It involves the reaction between anthrone, a compound called 9,10-dihydro-9-oxoanthracene, and the furfural conformation of carbohydrates. The plant tissue is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, which causes the formation of a colored hemiacetal product. The intensity of the color is then measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 630 nm. This method provides a simple and reliable way to determine the concentration of soluble sugars in plant samples.
title: THE DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF LOW-TEMPERATURE INSTABILITY OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION IN METALS
Creators: name: Sarafanov, G.F.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: Under the assumption of structural softening of plastic deformation in metals, a
solution of the system of equations for the ensemble of dislocations is obtained describing a
running front for the dislocation density (soliton). Such dislocation charge is able to destroy
deformation barriers and cause an athermal mechanism of the instability of the lowtemperature plastic deformation.
Dissecting plant immune responses mediated by the PI4Kβs
Creators: name: Thulasi Devendrakumar, Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Plants are essential for human survival. They possess a complex immune system to defend against pathogens that threaten their growth and productivity. While this immunity is essential, its regulation is equally important to ensure a balanced immune output for optimal plant health and productivity. A thorough understanding of immunity and its regulation is vital for the generation of disease resistant plants. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays an important role in plant immune regulation. In a reverse genetic screen to identify immune regulating E3 ligases, Tubby Like Protein 6 (TLP6), an F-box protein that is part of an SCF E3 ligase was identified as a positive immune regulator. Further analysis showed that TLP6 targets two phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) biosynthesis enzymes, Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase (PI4K) β1 and β2 for degradation. TLP6 overexpression led to ubiquitination and reduction of PI4Kβ levels and plants overexpressing TLP6 displayed autoimmunity and short roots like the pi4kβ1,2 mutant. Overall, the data suggests that TLP6 regulates immunity by modulating PI4Kβ levels. An ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis based forward genetic screen was conducted in the pi4kβ1,2 T-DNA double mutant background to understand the source of its autoimmunity and further our understanding of PI4Kβs’ role in plant immunity. Dominant suppressors of pi4kβ1,2 autoimmunity and root length defect were identified. Analysis showed that they are intragenic suppressors containing deletions within the PI4Kβ1 T-DNA insertion that allow for PI4Kβ1 transcription. Further, suppressors mutated in Signal Peptide Peptidase (SPP), and Orosomucoid-like 1 (ORM1) that encodes a negative regulator of sphingolipid biosynthesis were identified. They displayed suppression of pi4kβ1,2’s immunity and root defects. pi4kβ1,2 displayed high levels of ER stress and mutations in SPP and ORM1 suppressed it. The orm1 suppressors also revealed a link between sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols in pi4kβ1,2 phenotypes. Overall, my research revealed: a novel role for the UPS in plant immune regulation by modulating PI4Kβ levels, a new mechanism of T-DNA mutant reversion, and the role of SPP and ORM1 in pi4kβ1,2 phenotypes . These findings add to the existing body of knowledge on plant immunity and its regulation and may be relevant for future research in developing disease resistant plants.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov method for the determination of signal time-shifts
Creators: name: Desesquelles, P.
name: Ha, T. M. H.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Blanc, F. Le
name: Petrache, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method for the determination of electric signal time-shifts is introduced. As the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it is based on the comparison of the cumulative distribution functions of the reference signal with the test signal. This method is very fast and thus well suited for on-line applications. It is robust to noise and its performances in terms of precision are excellent for time-shifts ranging from a fraction to several sample durations. PACS. 29.40.Gx (Tracking and position-sensitive detectors), 29.30.Kv (X- and -ray spectroscopy), 07.50.Qx (Signal processing electronics)
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Retifanlimab: First Approval
Creators: name: Kang, Connie
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Connie Kang is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
 Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
 Abstract  Retifanlimab (retifanlimab-dlwr; ZYNYZTM) is a programmed cell death 1 receptor–blocking antibody that is being developed by Incyte Corporation for the treatment of solid tumours, both as monotherapy and in combination with other agents. Retifanlimab recently received accelerated approval for the treatment of adults with metastatic or recurrent locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of retifanlimab leading to this first approval for Merkel cell carcinoma.
 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Correlated optical and X-ray flares in the afterglow of XRF 071031
Creators: name: Krühler, T.
name: Greiner, J.
name: McBreen, S.
name: Klose, S.
name: Rossi, A.
name: Afonso, P.
name: Clemens, C.
name: Filgas, R.
name: Yoldas, A. Küpcü
name: Szokoly, G. P.
name: Yoldas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a densely sampled early light curve of the optical/near-infrared (NIR) afterglow of the X-Ray Flash (XRF) 071031 at z=2.692. Simultaneous and continuous observations in seven photometric bands from g' to K with GROND at the 2.2 m MPI/ESO telescope on LaSilla were performed between 4 minutes and 7 hours after the burst. The light curve consists of 547 individual points which allows us to study the early evolution of the optical transient associated with XRF 071031 in great detail. The optical/NIR light curve is dominated by an early increase in brightness which can be attributed to the apparent onset of the forward shock emission. There are several bumps which are superimposed onto the overall rise and decay. Significant flaring is also visible in the Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT) light curve from early to late times. The availability of high quality, broadband data enables detailed studies of the connection between the X-ray and optical/NIR afterglow and its colour evolution during the first night post burst. We find evidence of spectral hardening in the optical bands contemporaneous with the emergence of the bumps from an underlying afterglow component. The bumps in the optical/NIR light curve can be associated with flares in the X-ray regime suggesting late central engine activity as the common origin.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Waveform models for the gravitational-wave memory effect: Extreme mass-ratio limit and final memory offset
Creators: name: Elhashash, Arwa
name: Nichols, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational-wave (GW) memory effect is a strong-field relativistic phenomenon that is associated with a persistent change in the GW strain after the passage of a GW. The nonlinear effect arises from interactions of GWs themselves in the wave zone and is an observable effect connected to the infrared properties of general relativity. The detection of the GW memory effect is possible with LIGO and Virgo in a population of binary-black-hole (BBH) mergers or from individual events with next-generation ground- and space-based GW detectors or pulsar timing arrays. Matched-filtering-based searches for the GW memory require accurate, and preferably rapid-to-evaluate waveform models of the memory effect's GW signal. One important element of such a waveform model is a model for the final memory offset -- namely, the net change in strain between early and late times. In this paper, we construct a model for the final memory offset from the merger of nonspinning BBH systems in quasicircular orbits. A novel ingredient of this model is that we first compute the memory signal for extreme mass-ratio inspirals using a high post-Newtonian-order analytic calculation, and we use this analytical result to fix the coefficient in the fit which is linear in the mass-ratio. The resulting memory-offset fit could be used for detecting the GW memory for binaries that merge on a timescale that is short relative to the inverse of the low-frequency cutoff of a GW detector. Additionally, this fit will be useful for analytic waveform models of the GW memory signals in the time and frequency domains.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
German Medical Data Sciences 2023 - Science. Close to People : Proceedings of the 68th Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology E. V. (gmds) 2023 in Heilbronn, Germany
Creators: name: Röhrig, Rainer
name: Grabe, Niels
name: Haag, Martin
name: Hübner, Ursula
name: Sax, Ulrich
name: Schmidt, Carsten Oliver
name: Sedlmayr, Martin
name: Zapf, Antonia
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: 68. Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, GMDS 2023, Heilbronn, Germany, 17 Sep 2023 - 21 Sep 2023; Amsterdam : IOS Press, Studies in health technology and informatics series 307, XVI, 270 Seiten : Diagramme (2023). doi:10.3233/SHTI307
description: Published by IOS Press, Amsterdam
Higher Rate of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Hispanic Patients with Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular malformations prone to intracerebral hemorrhage and epilepsy. Studies about the natural history and clinical presentation in the Hispanic population are lacking [7]. Retrospectively, we identified demographics and clinical features of Hispanic patients with CCM in our neurology clinic. Comparison with studies in the non-Hispanic White population with CCM was conducted. Results—A total of 15 Hispanic patients diagnosed with CCM were identified in our neurology clinic. The majority of our patients presented with symptomatic hemorrhage (27%, n = 4) or seizure(s) (47%, n = 7). Of 15 patients, there were a total of four patients (27%) that had recurrent hemorrhages with an annual rate of recurrent hemorrhage of 8.04%. Our cohort had a higher rate of intracerebral hemorrhage after any initial mode of presentation (47%, n = 7) compared with non-Hispanic White population studies: 11% (n = 32) and 4% (n = 5). (p < 0.05) Conclusions—Hispanic patients with CCM have a higher rate of hemorrhage during follow-up after any presentation of CCM (p<0.05) when compared to CCM in the non-Hispanic White population.
Multi-channel scattering theory: large time asymptotics of Schrödinger type equations with general data
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaoxu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This thesis appears to focus on scattering theory for both Schrödinger-type equations and Klein-Gordon equations. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the background of the thesis, while Chapter 2 investigates the long-time behavior of solutions to the Schrödinger equation. Chapter 3 focuses on the construction of solutions to Schrödinger equations with non-trivial weakly localized parts, asymptotic self-similar solutions as time goes to infinity. Chapter 4 studies the long-time behavior of solutions to Klein-Gordon equations. In Chapter 5, the author presents a proof of Local Decay Estimates for Schrödinger-type equations. Finally, Chapter 6 establishes the $L^p$ boundedness of wave operators for linear Schrödinger equations with time-dependent potentials and provides applications of this result to nonlinear dispersive equations and Hartree nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
Population Inversion Induced by Landau-Zener Transition in a Strongly Driven rf-SQUID
Creators: name: Sun, Guozhu
name: Wen, Xueda
name: Wang, Yiwen
name: Cong, Shanhua
name: Chen, Jian
name: Kang, Lin
name: Xu, Weiwei
name: Yu, Yang
name: Han, Siyuan
name: Wu, Peiheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave resonances between discrete macroscopically distinct quantum states with single photon and multiphoton absorption are observed in a strongly driven radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device flux qubit. The amplitude of the resonant peaks and dips are modulated by the power of the applied microwave irradiation and a population inversion is generated at low flux bias. These results, which can be addressed with Landau-Zener transition, are useful to develop an alternative means to initialize and manipulate the flux qubit, as well as to do a controllable population inversion used in a micromaser.
description: 4pages, 3 figures; Selected as the cover of the March 9 issue of APL