cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CaRM: Exploring the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. The cases of HD 189733b and WASP-127b
Creators: name: Cristo, E.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Martins, J. H. C.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Borsa, F.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Micela, G.
name: Tabernero, H. M.
name: Seidel, J. V.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Allart, R.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Silva, T. Azevedo
name: Bourrier, V.
name: Cabral, A.
name: Borges, E. Esparza
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Curto, G. Lo
name: Lovis, C.
name: Manescau, A.
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Mascareño, A. S.
name: Mégevand, D.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Nunes, N. J.
name: Palle, E.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Udry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce CaRM, a semi-automatic code for the retrieval of broadband transmission spectra of transiting planets through the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin method. We applied it to HARPS and ESPRESSO observations of two exoplanets to retrieve the transmission spectrum and we analyze its fitting transmission models. We used the strong radius dependence of the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude, caused by planetary companions, to measure the apparent radius change caused by the exoplanet atmosphere. In order to retrieve the transmission spectrum, the radial velocities, which were computed over wavelength bins that encompass several spectral orders, were used to simultaneously fit the Keplerian motion and the RM effect. From this, the radius ratio was computed as a function of the wavelength, which allows one to retrieve the low-resolution broadband transmission spectrum of a given exoplanet. CaRM offers the possibility to use two Rossiter-McLaughlin models taken from ARoME and PyAstronomy, associated with a Keplerian function to fit radial velocities during transit observations automatically. Furthermore it offers the possibility to use some methods that could, in theory, mitigate the effect of perturbation in the radial velocities during transits. The CaRM code allows one to retrieve the transmission spectrum of a given exoplanet using minimal user interaction. We demonstrate that it allows one to compute the low-resolution broadband transmission spectra of exoplanets observed using high-resolution spectrographs such as HARPS and ESPRESSO.
Zabrus (Pelor) spectabilis Hampe 1852
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Zabrus
Zabrus spectabilis

description: Zabrus (Pelor) spectabilis Hampe, 1852
 Material examined: Province of West Azarbaijan: Maku, 39°29'N 44.51°E, 1 ♀, 19 July 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Thiamine synthesis regulates the fermentation mechanisms in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans
Creators: name: Motoyuki Shimizu
name: Masuo, Shunsuke
name: Itoh, Eriko
name: Shengmin Zhou
name: Kato, Masashi
name: Takaya, Naoki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is a critical cofactor and its biosynthesis is under the control of TPP availability. Here we disrupted a predicted thiA gene of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans and demonstrated that it is essential for synthesizing cellular thiamine. The thiamine riboswitch is a post-transcriptional mechanism for TPP to repress gene expression and it is located on A. nidulans thiA pre-messenger RNA. The thiA riboswitch was not fully derepressed under thiamine-limited conditions, and fully derepressed under environmental stressors. Upon exposure to hypoxic stress, the fungus accumulated more ThiA and NmtA proteins, and more thiamine than under aerobic conditions. The thiA gene was required for the fungus to upregulate hypoxic branched-chain amino acids and ethanol fermentation that involve enzymes containing TPP. These findings indicate that hypoxia modulates thiA expression through the thiamine riboswitch, and alters cellular fermentation mechanisms by regulating the activity of the TPP enzymes. Upon exposure to hypoxic stress (B; –O2), the fungus accumulated more ThiA and NmtA proteins that involve in thiamine biosynthesis (A), and more thiamine than under aerobic conditions (B;+O2).
Zabrus (Zabrus) tenebrioides
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Zabrus
Zabrus tenebrioides

description: Zabrus (Zabrus) tenebrioides (Goeze, 1777)
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: MArAgheh, 37°23′N 46°24′E, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 28-30 May 2011. Province of West Azarbaijan: MiAndoAB, 36°57′N 46°00′E, 2♀, 14-16 April 2013 .
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
POCl3-mediated synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazolyl-coumarin, benzimidazolyl-indole, and styrylbenzimidazole derivatives
Creators: name: Veerendra Kumar A. Kalalbandi
name: J. Seetharamappa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: 2-Substituted benzimidazolyl heterocycles and styrylbenzimidazoles have been synthesized by the reaction of substituted o-phenylenediamine with different heterocyclic carboxylic acids and cinnamic acid respectively in the presence of POCl3 as a solvent and catalyst. The proposed reaction has advantageous features of good yields, short reaction times, and operational simplicity. In addition, the scope and limitations were explored, and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed. The synthesized molecules were characterized by infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. Further, single crystals of 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole have been developed and structural parameters were collected from x-ray diffraction data.
Spatially resolved star-formation relations of dense molecular gas in NGC 1068
Creators: name: Sánchez-García, M.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: Colina, L.
name: Usero, A.
name: Querejeta, M.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Fuente, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the influence of the dynamical environment on the star formation (SF) relations of the dense molecular gas in the starburst (SB) ring of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. We used ALMA to image the emission of the 1-0 transitions of HCN and HCO+ with a resolution of 56 pc. We also used ancillary data of CO(1-0) at a resolution of ~100 pc, and CO(3-2) and its underlying continuum emission at ~40 pc. These observations allow us to probe a range of molecular gas densities (n(H2)~10$^{3-5}cm^{-3}$). The SF rate (SFR) is derived from Pa$α$ line emission imaged by HST/NICMOS. We analysed how SF relations change depending on the choice of aperture sizes and molecular gas tracer. The scatter in the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation is about a factor of two to three lower for the HCN and HCO+ lines compared to CO(1-0) for a common aperture. Correlations lose statistical significance below a critical spatial scale $\approx$300-400 pc. The SF efficiency of the dense molecular gas (SFEdense) shows a scattered distribution as a function of the HCN luminosity (L'(HCN)) around a mean value of $\simeq0.01$Myr$^{-1}$. An alternative prescription for SF relations, linking the SFEdense and the boundedness of the gas measured by the parameter b$\equivΣ$dense/$σ^2$, where $Σ$dense is the dense molecular gas surface density and $σ$ the velocity dispersion, resolves the degeneracy associated with the SFEdense-L'(HCN) plot. We identify two branches in the SFEdense-b plot that correspond to two dynamical environments in the SB ring, which are defined by their proximity to the bar-ring interface region. This region corresponds to the crossing of two density wave resonances, where an increased rate of cloud-cloud collisions would favour an enhanced compression of molecular gas. Our results suggest that galactic dynamics plays a major role in the efficiency of the gas conversion into stars.
description: 30 pages, 34 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cryptolestes capensis
Creators: name: Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez
name: Méndez, José Luis Torres
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Laemophloeidae
Cryptolestes
Cryptolestes capensis

description: Cryptolestes capensis (Waltl, 1834)
  Cosmopoli ta (Wegrzynowicz, 2007). Indicado de Málaga (Fuente, 1 927; Cobos, 1949), Lleida (Riba y Blas, 1995), Girona, Lleida, Madrid y Pontevedra (Santa maría et al., 1996).
 Subcorticícola en diversos árboles y sinántropo en cereales y sus derivados (Ratti, 2000). Lo cita mos por pri mera vez de Cádiz.
  Material estudiado: La Línea (Cádiz), 30TSF80, 21-I-2009, 2 ejs. cribando bajo detritos de cañaverales, J.L. Torres leg.
description: Published as part of Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez & Méndez, José Luis Torres, 2015, Algunos Laemophloeidae (Coleoptera) capturados en Cádiz (SO de España)., pp. 401-403 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 402, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715065
DABCO-catalyzed synthesis of 3-substituted-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones in aqueous media
Creators: name: Keshri Nath Tiwari
name: Bora, Darshana
name: Chauhan, Garima
name: Yadav, Deepika
name: Sharma, Kavita
name: Thakur, Ashima
name: Lachhman Singh
name: Vishwadeep Tripathi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: An efficient and greener protocol for easy access to 3-susbstituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles by the reaction with various substituted isatins and acetophenones is described. This protocol is widely applicable for a variety of isatins and acetophenones using water as a reaction media and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as catalyst with shorter reaction time and good to excellent yield of products.
Do the majority of stars form as gravitationally unbound?
Creators: name: Dinnbier, František
name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Anderson, Richard I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some of the youngest stars (age $\lesssim 10$ Myr) are clustered, while many others are observed scattered throughout star forming regions or in complete isolation. It has been intensively debated whether the scattered or isolated stars originate in star clusters, or if they form truly isolated, which could help constrain the possibilities how massive stars are formed. We adopt the assumption that all stars form in gravitationally bound star clusters embedded in molecular cloud cores ($Γ$-$1\;$ model), which expel their natal gas, and compare the fraction of stars found in clusters with observational data. The star clusters are modelled by the code nbody6, which includes stellar and circumbinary evolution, gas expulsion, and the external gravitational field of their host galaxy. We find that small changes in the assumptions in the current theoretical model estimating the fraction, $Γ$, of stars forming in embedded clusters have a large influence on the results, and we present a counterexample as an illustration. This calls into question theoretical arguments about $Γ$ in embedded clusters, and it suggests that there is no firm theoretical ground for low $Γ$ in galaxies with lower star formation rates (SFRs). Instead, the assumption that all stars form in embedded clusters is in agreement with observational data for the youngest stars (age $\lesssim 10$ Myr). In the $Γ$-$1\;$ scenario, the observed fraction of the youngest stars in clusters increases with the SFR only weakly; the increase is caused by the presence of more massive clusters in galaxies with higher SFRs, which release fewer stars to the field in proportion to their mass. The $Γ$-$1\;$ model yields a higher fraction of stars in clusters for older stars (age between $10$ and $300$ Myr) than what is observed. This discrepancy can be caused by interactions with molecular clouds.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted to A&A
Environmentally friendly procedure for the aqueous oxidation of benzyl alcohols to aldehydes with dibromodimethylhydantoin (DBDMH) and cyclodextrin: Scope and mechanistic insights
Creators: name: Sauradip Chaudhuri
name: Zaki, Hossam
name: Levine, Mindy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Reported herein is an environmentally friendly procedure for the oxidation of benzyl alcohols to aldehydes using an inexpensive, commercially available reagent, 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH), and a variety of cyclodextrin additives under fully aqueous solvent conditions. This reaction proceeds with moderate to good yields for a broad scope of benzyl alcohol substrates, with the cyclodextrin acting to enhance the desired reactivity and limit undesired aromatic bromination side products. The reported experiments provide substantial mechanistic insight that will drive further reaction optimization and have broad-reaching applications.
The holographic space-time and black hole remnants as dark matter
Creators: name: Barrau, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic space-time approach to inflation provides a well defined and self-contained framework to study the early universe. Based on a quasi-local quantum gravity theory generalizing string theory beyond AdS backgrounds, it addresses fundamental questions like the arrow of time and the entropy of the initial cosmological state. It was recently argued that it also provides a naturel explanation for dark matter in the form of primordial black holes. The orignal idea however suffers from troubles that can be cured by considering instead Planck relics. This possibility is investigated and paths for observational confirmation are pointed out.
Novel mutations in the L visual pigment gene found in Japanese men with protan color-vision defect having a normal order L/M gene array
Creators: name: Muraki, Sanae
name: Ueyama, Hisao
name: Tanabe, Shoko
name: Yamade, Shinichi
name: Ogita, Hisakazu
name: Ohji, Masahito
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Novel mutations in the L visual pigment gene found in Japanese men with protan color-vision defect having a normal order L/M gene array
Adiabatic equatorial inspirals of a spinning body into a Kerr black hole
Creators: name: Skoupý, Viktor
name: Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves from Extreme mass Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) by the future space-based gravitational-wave detectors demands the generation of accurate enough waveform templates. Since the spin of the smaller secondary body cannot be neglected for the detection and parameter estimation of EMRIs, we study its influence on the phase of the gravitational waves from EMRIs with spinning secondary. We focus on generic eccentric equatorial orbits around a Kerr black hole. To model the spinning secondary object, we use the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations in the pole-dipole approximation. Furthermore, we linearize in spin the orbital variables and the gravitational-wave fluxes from the respective orbits. We obtain these fluxes by using the Teukolsky formalism in the frequency domain. We derive the evolution equations for the spin induced corrections to the adiabatic evolution of an inspiral. Finally, through their numerical integration we find the gravitational-wave phase shift between an inspiral of a spinning and a non-spinnig body.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Cryptolestes spartii
Creators: name: Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez
name: Méndez, José Luis Torres
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Laemophloeidae
Cryptolestes
Cryptolestes spartii

description: Cryptolestes spartii (Curtis, 1834)
  Presente en Europa y el norte de África (Wegrzynowicz, 2007). Indicado de Zaragoza, Barcelona, Madrid, Ciudad Real (Fuente, 1927), Girona, Barcelona, Tarragona (Español, 1963), A Coruña, Murcia, Ourense, Pontevedra (Santamaría et al., 1996) y La Rioja (Pérez Moreno & Moreno Grijalba, 2009).
 Subcorticícola, en genistas, galerías de escolítidos, bajo la corteza y ramas de diversas frondosas, más raramente en coníferas (Ratti, 2000). Lo citamos por primera vez de la provincia de Cádiz.
  Material estudiado: Zabal bajo, Finca El Pavero, La Línea (Cádiz), 30TSF80, 23-II-2011, 2 ejs. descortezando arbustos quemados, J.L. Torres leg.
description: Published as part of Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez & Méndez, José Luis Torres, 2015, Algunos Laemophloeidae (Coleoptera) capturados en Cádiz (SO de España)., pp. 401-403 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 402, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715065
Contagion-diffusion processes with recurrent mobility patterns of distinguishable agents
Creators: name: Valgañón, Pablo
name: Soriano-Paños, David
name: Arenas, Alex
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of contagion-diffusion processes in metapopulations is a powerful theoretical tool to study how mobility influences the spread of communicable diseases. Nevertheless, many metapopulation approaches use indistinguishable agents to alleviate analytical difficulties. Here, we address the impact that recurrent mobility patterns, and the spatial distribution of distinguishable agents, have on the unfolding of epidemics in large urban areas. We incorporate the distinguishable nature of agents regarding both, their residence, and their usual destination. The proposed model allows both a fast computation of the spatio-temporal pattern of the epidemic trajectory and. the analytical calculation of the epidemic threshold. This threshold is found as the spectral radius of a mixing matrix encapsulating the residential distribution, and the specific commuting patterns of agents. We prove that the simplification of indistinguishable individuals overestimates the value of the epidemic threshold.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Radiofrequency response of the optically detected level anti-crossing signal in NV color centers in diamond in zero and weak magnetic fields
Creators: name: Dmitriev, Alexander K.
name: Vershovskii, Anton K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of the level anti-crossing signal to a quasi-resonant radio-frequency field, which appears in a zero magnetic field at NV color centers in diamond, is investigated. It is shown that the complex structure of this response can be explained by the Autler-Townes splitting. The possibility of controlling the parameters of the level anti-crossing signal is considered. It is shown that the slope of the central resonance recorded in this structure upon low-frequency modulation of the external magnetic field can be 2.3 times higher than the slope of the resonance recorded in the absence of an RF field. Conclusions are drawn about the nature of the level anti-crossing effect arising in zero field in NV color centers in diamond.
Dynamical construction of Quadrupolar and Octupolar topological superconductors
Creators: name: Ghosh, Arnob Kumar
name: Nag, Tanay
name: Saha, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a three-step periodic drive protocol to engineer two-dimensional~(2D) Floquet quadrupole superconductors and three-dimensional~(3D) Floquet octupole superconductors hosting zero-dimensional Majorana corner modes~(MCMs), based on unconventional $d$-wave superconductivity. Remarkably, the driven system conceives four phases with only $0$ MCMs, no MCMs, only anomalous $π$ MCMs, and both regular $0$ and anomalous $π$ MCMs. To circumvent the subtle issue of characterizing $0$ and $π$ MCMs separately, we employ the periodized evolution operator to architect the dynamical invariants, namely quadrupole and octupole motion in 2D and 3D, respectively, that can distinguish different higher order topological phases unambiguously.Our study paves the way for the realization of dynamical quadrupolar and octupolar topological superconductors.
description: This is the published version
POCl3 Mediated Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazolyl-Coumarin, Benzimidazolyl-Indole and Styrylbenzimidazole Derivatives
Creators: name: Veerendra Kumar A. Kalalbandi
name: J. Seetharamappa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: 2-substituted benzimidazolyl heterocycles and styrylbenzimidazoles have been synthesized by the reaction of substituted o-phenylenediamine with different heterocyclic carboxylic acids and cinnamic acid respectively in the presence of POCl3 as a solvent and catalyst. The proposed reaction has prominent features of affording high yields, short reaction time as well as operational simplicity. In addition, the scope and limitations were explored and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed. The synthesized molecules were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral data. Further, single crystals of 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole have been developed and its structural parameters were collected from X-ray diffraction data.
A Full $w$CDM Analysis of KiDS-1000 Weak Lensing Maps using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Fluri, Janis
name: Kacprzak, Tomasz
name: Lucchi, Aurelien
name: Schneider, Aurel
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Hofmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full forward-modeled $w$CDM analysis of the KiDS-1000 weak lensing maps using graph-convolutional neural networks (GCNN). Utilizing the $\texttt{CosmoGrid}$, a novel massive simulation suite spanning six different cosmological parameters, we generate almost one million tomographic mock surveys on the sphere. Due to the large data set size and survey area, we perform a spherical analysis while limiting our map resolution to $\texttt{HEALPix}$ $n_\mathrm{side}=512$. We marginalize over systematics such as photometric redshift errors, multiplicative calibration and additive shear bias. Furthermore, we use a map-level implementation of the non-linear intrinsic alignment model along with a novel treatment of baryonic feedback to incorporate additional astrophysical nuisance parameters. We also perform a spherical power spectrum analysis for comparison. The constraints of the cosmological parameters are generated using a likelihood free inference method called Gaussian Process Approximate Bayesian Computation (GPABC). Finally, we check that our pipeline is robust against choices of the simulation parameters. We find constraints on the degeneracy parameter of $S_8 \equiv σ_8\sqrt{Ω_M/0.3} = 0.78^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$ for our power spectrum analysis and $S_8 = 0.79^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$ for our GCNN analysis, improving the former by 16%. This is consistent with earlier analyses of the 2-point function, albeit slightly higher. Baryonic corrections generally broaden the constraints on the degeneracy parameter by about 10%. These results offer great prospects for full machine learning based analyses of on-going and future weak lensing surveys.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Parton distributions of light quarks and antiquarks in the proton
Creators: name: Chang, Lei
name: Gao, Fei
name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algebraic Ansatz for the proton's Poincaré-covariant wave function, which includes both scalar and pseudovector diquark correlations, is used to calculate proton valence, sea, and glue distribution functions (DFs). Regarding contemporary data, a material pseudovector diquark component in the proton is necessary for an explanation of the neutron-proton structure function ratio; and a modest Pauli blocking effect in the gluon splitting function is sufficient to explain the proton's light-quark antimatter asymmetry. In comparison with pion DFs, the light-front momentum fractions carried by all identifiable parton classes are the same; on the other hand, the higher moments are different. Understanding these features may provide insights that explain distinctions between Nambu-Goldstone bosons and seemingly less complex hadrons.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Entangled two-plasmon generation in carbon nanotubes and graphene coated wires
Creators: name: Muniz, Y.
name: Abrantes, P. P.
name: Moreno, L. Martín
name: Pinheiro, F. A.
name: Farina, C.
name: Kort-Kamp, W. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two-plasmon spontaneous decay of a quantum emitter near single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and graphene-coated wires (GCWs). We demonstrate efficient, enhanced generation of two-plasmon entangled states in SWCNTs due to the strong coupling between tunable guided plasmons and the quantum emitter. We predict two-plasmon emission rates more than twelve orders of magnitude higher than in free-space, with average lifetimes of a few dozens of nanoseconds. Given their low dimensionality, these systems could be more efficient for generating and detecting entangled plasmons in comparison to extended graphene. Indeed, we achieve tunable spectrum of emission in GCWs, where sharp resonances occur precisely at the plasmons' minimum excitation frequencies. We show that, by changing the material properties of the GCW's dielectric core, one could tailor the dominant modes and frequencies of the emitted entangled plasmons while keeping the decay rate ten orders of magnitude higher than in free-space. By unveiling the unique properties of two-plasmon spontaneous emission processes in the presence of low dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials, our findings set the basis for a novel material platform with applications to on-chip quantum information technologies.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Three-dimensional analyses of an aspherical coronal mass ejection and its driven shock
Creators: name: Ying, Beili
name: Feng, Li
name: Inhester, Bernd
name: Mierla, Marilena
name: Gan, Weiqun
name: Lu, Lei
name: Li, Shuting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Observations reveal that shocks can be driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and play essential roles in particle accelerations. A critical ratio, $δ$, derived from a shock standoff distance normalized by the radius of curvature (ROC) of a CME, allows us to estimate shock and ambient coronal parameters. However, true ROCs of CMEs are difficult to measure due to observed projection effects. Aims. We investigate the formation mechanism of a shock driven by an aspherical CME without evident lateral expansion. Through three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions without a priori assumptions of the object morphology, we estimate two principal ROCs of the CME surface and demonstrate how the difference between two principal ROCs of the CME affects the estimate of the coronal physical parameters. Methods. The CME was observed by the Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) instruments and the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO). We used the mask-fitting method to obtain the irregular 3D shape of the CME and reconstructed the shock surface using the bow-shock model. Through smoothings with fifth-order polynomial functions and Monte Carlo simulations, we calculated the ROCs at the CME nose. Results. We find that (1) the maximal ROC is 2-4 times the minimal ROC of the CME. A significant difference between the CME ROCs implies that the assumption of one ROC of an aspherical CME could cause over-/under- estimations of the shock and coronal parameters. (2) The shock nose obeys the bow-shock formation mechanism, considering the constant standoff distance and the similar speed between the shock and CME around the nose. (3) With a more precise $δ$ calculated via 3D ROCs in space, we derive corona parameters at high latitudes of about -50$^{\circ}$, including the Alfv{é}n speed and the coronal magnetic field strength.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted by A&A
title: Die erste antisemitische Karikatur?
Creators: name: Lipton, Sara
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Visual History
Year: 2020

description: Die älteste bekannte antijüdische Karikatur ist eine Zeichnung – eigentlich ein detailliertes Gekritzel – am oberen Rand eines königlichen englischen Steuerprotokolls von 1233. Sie zeigt drei merkwürdig aussehende Juden, die sich in einem schematisch dargestellten Schloss befinden, das von einer Gruppe karikaturesker, gehörnter Dämonen mit schnabelartigen Nasen angegriffen wird. Ein weiterer größerer Dämon in der Mitte des Schlosses zeigt auf die sonderbar langen Nasen zweier Juden, als ob er die Ähnlichkeit zwischen ihren Profilen und seinem eigenen betonen wollte. Diese kleine Kritzelei ist so etwas wie eine Celebrity unter Historiker*innen.
Superfluid-Mott insulator quantum phase transition in a cavity optomagnonic system
Creators: name: Cao, Qian
name: Tan, Lei
name: Liu, Wu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emerging hybrid cavity optomagnonic system is a very promising quantum information processing platform for its strong or ultrastrong photon-magnon interaction on the scale of micrometers in the experiment. In this paper, the superfluid-Mott insulator quantum phase transition in a two-dimensional cavity optomagnonic array system has been studied based on this characteristic. The analytical solution of the critical hopping rate is obtained by the mean field approach, second perturbation theory and Landau second order phase transition theory. The numerical results show that the increasing coupling strength and the positive detunings of the photon and the magnon favor the coherence and then the stable areas of Mott lobes are compressed correspondingly. Moreover, the analytical results agree with the numerical ones when the total excitation number is lower. Finally, an effective repulsive potential is constructed to exhibit the corresponding mechanism. The results obtained here provide an experimentally feasible scheme for characterizing the quantum phase transitions in a cavity optomagnonic array system, which will offer valuable insight for quantum simulations.
description: 10pages,7figures
FPGA-based real-time data processing for accelerating reconstruction at LHCb
Creators: name: Lazzari, F.
name: Baldini, W.
name: Bassi, G.
name: Contu, A.
name: Dorigo, M.
name: Fantechi, R.
name: Giambastiani, L.
name: Morello, M. J.
name: Punzi, G.
name: Sticchi, M.
name: Tuci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Run-3, beginning in 2022, the LHCb software trigger will start reconstructing events at the LHC average crossing rate of 30 MHz. Within the upgraded DAQ system, LHCb established a testbed for new heterogeneous computing solutions for real-time event reconstruction, in view of future runs at even higher luminosities. One such solution is a highly-parallelized custom tracking processor ("Artificial Retina"), implemented in state of the art FPGA devices connected by fast serial links. We describe the status of a realistic prototype for the reconstruction of pixel tracking detectors that will run on real data during Run-3.
description: Proceedings on the Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics, TWEPP 2021, submitted to JINST
DABCO Catalysed Synthesis of 3-Substituted-3-Hydroxyindolin-2-ones in Aqueous Media
Creators: name: Keshri Nath Tiwari
name: Bora, Darshana
name: Chauhan, Garima
name: Yadav, Deepika
name: Sharma, Kavita
name: Thakur, Ashima
name: Lachhman Singh
name: Vishwadeep Tripathi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: An efficient and greener protocol for the easy access of 3-susbstituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles by the reaction with various substituted isatins and acetophenones is described. This protocol is widely applicable for a variety of isatins and acetophenones using water as a reaction media and DABCO as catalyst with shorter reaction timing and good to excellent yield of products.
The effect of dielectric environment on the brightening of neutral and charged dark excitons in WSe$_2$ monolayer
Creators: name: Zinkiewicz, Małgorzata
name: Grzeszczyk, Magdalena
name: Kipczak, Łucja
name: Kazimierczuk, Tomasz
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Kossacki, Piotr
name: Babiński, Adam
name: Molas, Maciej R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dielectric environment of atomically-thin monolayer (ML) of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides affects both the electronic band gap and the excitonic binding energy in the ML. We investigate the effect of the environment on the in-plane magnetic field brightening of neutral and charged dark exciton emissions in the WSe$_2$ ML. The monolayers placed in three dielectric environments are studied, in particular, the ML encapsulated in hexagonal BN (hBN) flakes, the ML deposited on a hBN layer, and the ML embedded between the hBN flake and SiO$_2$/Si substrate. We observe that the brightening rates of the neutral and charged dark excitons depend on the dielectric environment, which may be related to the variation of the level of carrier concentration in the ML. Moreover, the surrounding media, characterized by different dielectric constants, influences weakly the relative energies of the neutral and charged dark excitons in reference to the bright ones.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Planet populations inferred from debris discs: insights from 178 debris systems in the ISPY, LEECH and LIStEN planet-hunting surveys
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim D.
name: Launhardt, Ralf
name: Ostermann, Robert
name: Kennedy, Grant M.
name: Gennaro, Mario
name: Booth, Mark
name: Krivov, Alexander V.
name: Cugno, Gabriele
name: Henning, Thomas K.
name: Quirrenbach, Andreas
name: Barcucci, Arianna Musso
name: Matthews, Elisabeth C.
name: Ruh, Henrik L.
name: Stone, Jordan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We know little about the outermost exoplanets in planetary systems, because our detection methods are insensitive to moderate-mass planets on wide orbits. However, debris discs can probe the outer-planet population, because dynamical modelling of observed discs can reveal properties of perturbing planets. We use four sculpting and stirring arguments to infer planet properties in 178 debris-disc systems from the ISPY, LEECH and LIStEN planet-hunting surveys. Similar analyses are often conducted for individual discs, but we consider a large sample in a consistent manner. We aim to predict the population of wide-separation planets, gain insight into the formation and evolution histories of planetary systems, and determine the feasibility of detecting these planets in the near future. We show that a `typical' cold debris disc likely requires a Neptune- to Saturn-mass planet at 10-100 au, with some needing Jupiter-mass perturbers. Our predicted planets are currently undetectable, but modest detection-limit improvements (e.g. from JWST) should reveal many such perturbers. We find that planets thought to be perturbing debris discs at late times are similar to those inferred to be forming in protoplanetary discs, so these could be the same population if newly formed planets do not migrate as far as currently thought. Alternatively, young planets could rapidly sculpt debris before migrating inwards, meaning that the responsible planets are more massive (and located further inwards) than debris-disc studies assume. We combine self-stirring and size-distribution modelling to show that many debris discs cannot be self-stirred without having unreasonably high masses; planet- or companion-stirring may therefore be the dominant mechanism in many (perhaps all) debris discs. Finally, we provide catalogues of planet predictions, and identify promising targets for future planet searches.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Stellar masses, sizes, and radial profiles for 465 nearby early-type galaxies: an extension to the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S$^{4}$G)
Creators: name: Watkins, A. E.
name: Salo, H.
name: Laurikainen, E.
name: Díaz-García, S.
name: Comerón, S.
name: Janz, J.
name: Su, A. H.
name: Buta, R.
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Bosma, A.
name: Ho, L. C.
name: Holwerda, B. W.
name: Kim, T.
name: Knapen, J. H.
name: Laine, S.
name: Menéndez-Delmestre, K.
name: Peletier, R. F.
name: Sheth, K.
name: Zaritsky, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S$^{4}$G) is a detailed study of over 2300 nearby galaxies in the near-infrared (NIR), which has been critical to our understanding of the detailed structures of nearby galaxies. Because the sample galaxies were selected only using radio-derived velocities, however, the survey favored late-type disk galaxies over lenticulars and ellipticals. A follow-up Spitzer survey was conducted to rectify this bias, adding 465 early-type galaxies (ETGs) to the original sample, to be analyzed in a manner consistent with the initial survey. We present the data release of this ETG extension, up to the third data processing pipeline (P3): surface photometry. We produce curves of growth and radial surface brightness profiles (with and without inclination corrections) using reduced and masked Spitzer IRAC 3.6$μ$m and 4.5$μ$m images produced through Pipelines 1 and 2, respectively. From these profiles, we derive the following integrated quantities: total magnitudes, stellar masses, concentration parameters, and galaxy size metrics. We showcase NIR scaling relations for ETGs among these quantities. We examine general trends across the whole S$^{4}$G and ETG extension among our derived parameters, highlighting differences between ETGs and late-type galaxies (LTGs). ETGs are, on average, more massive and more concentrated than LTGs, and also show subtle distinctions among ETG morphological sub-types. We also derive the following scaling relations and compare with previous results in visible light: mass--size (both half-light and isophotal), mass--concentration, mass--surface brightness (central, effective, and within 1 kpc), and mass--color. We find good agreement with previous works, though some relations (e.g., mass--central surface brightness) will require more careful multi-component decompositions to be fully understood.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Social Characteristics and Oral Self-care Practices Associated with Periodontal health status among a Sample of Yemeni Dental Students
Creators: name: Alhajj, Mohammed Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the periodontal health status with some social characteristics and oral self-care practices among a sample of Yemeni dental students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate dental students at University of Thamar. Two hundreds (120 male and 80 female) volunteers (mean age: 21.82+1.96) who participated in the study completed the self-administered questionnaire. Subsequently a clinical examination for their gingival and periodontal conditions was performed. Crosstabs, Chi-squared test and Regression analysis were executed on the data. Results: The findings of the study showed that female subjects were significantly more than males in oral self-care practicing (P< 0.05). No significant relationship between the family income with all recorded scores was found (P> 0.05). Likewise, the relationship between periodontal conditions with the study phase was insignificant. Unequally significant relationships between oral self-care practices with the clinical recorded scores were observed. Conclusion: Dental students showed poor oral self-care practices which reflected on their periodontal health status. It is recommended that dental education and health care services should be improved to overcome these
unsatisfactory results among the participants.
Comments on the negative specific heat of the $T \bar T$ deformed symmetric product CFT
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumangsu
name: Hashimoto, Akikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the $T \bar T$ deformation of conformal field theories whose entropy grows as $S(E) \sim E^γ$ for $γ> 1/2$ exhibits negative specific heat in its microcanonical thermodynamic function $S({\cal E})$. We analyze the large $N$ symmetric product CFT as a concrete example of a CFT with this property and compute the thermodynamic functions such as $S({\cal E})$ and ${\cal E}(T)$. The negative specific heat in the microcanonical data is interpreted as signaling the first order phase transition when the system is coupled to a heat bath.
К ВОПРОСУ ДИНАМИКА ТЕЧЕНИЯ 25 СУТОЧНОГО ХОЛЕСТАЗА С ФОРМИРОВАНИЕМ БИЛИАРНОГО ЦИРРОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ
Creators: name: Шералиев, Камбарали
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье нами были отмечены результаты нашего исследования по изучению динамики течения 25 суточном холестаза с формированием биллиарного цирроза печени.
A critical hybrid realist-outcomes systematic review of relationships between medical education programmes and communities: BEME Guide No. 35
Creators: name: R. H. Ellaway
name: L. O’Gorman
name: R. Strasser
name: D. C. Marsh
name: L. Graves
name: P. Fink
name: C. Cervin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: The relationships between medical schools and communities have long inspired and troubled medical education programmes. Successive models of community-oriented, community-based and community-engaged medical education have promised much and delivered to varying degrees. A two-armed realist systematic review was undertaken to explore and synthesize the evidence on medical school–community relationships. Method: One arm used standard outcomes criteria (Kirkpatrick levels), the other a realist approach seeking out the underlying contexts, mechanisms and outcomes. 38 reviewers completed 489 realist reviews and 271 outcomes reviews; 334 articles were reviewed in the realist arm and 181 in the outcomes arm. Analyses were based on: descriptive statistics on both articles and reviews; the outcomes involved; the quality of the evidence presented; realist contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes; and an analysis of underlying discursive themes. Findings: The literature on medical school–community relationships is heterogeneous and largely idiographic, with no common standards for what a community is, who represents communities, what a relationship is based on, or whose needs are or should be being addressed or considered. Conclusions: Community relationships can benefit medical education, even if it is not always clear why or how. There is much opportunity to improve the quality and precision of scholarship in this area.