cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
J/$ψ$ production as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the inclusive J/$ψ$ yield and average transverse momentum as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density ${\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}η$ in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}= 5.02$ TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The observables are normalised to their corresponding averages in non-single diffractive events. An increase of the normalised J/$ψ$ yield with normalised ${\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}η$, measured at mid-rapidity, is observed at mid-rapidity and backward rapidity. At forward rapidity, a saturation of the relative yield is observed for high charged-particle multiplicities. The normalised average transverse momentum at forward and backward rapidities increases with multiplicity at low multiplicities and saturates beyond moderate multiplicities. In addition, the forward-to-backward nuclear modification factor ratio is also reported, showing an increasing suppression of J/$ψ$ production at forward rapidity with respect to backward rapidity for increasing charged-particle multiplicity.
description: 24 pages, 6 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 19, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/3443
A universal angular momentum profile for dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Liao, Shihong
name: Chen, Jianxiong
name: Chu, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum distribution in dark matter haloes and galaxies is a key ingredient in understanding their formation. Especially, the internal distribution of angular momenta is closely related to the formation of disk galaxies. In this article, we use haloes identified from a high-resolution simulation, the Bolshoi simulation, to study the spatial distribution of specific angular momenta, $j(r,θ)$. We show that by stacking haloes with similar masses to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, the profile can be fitted as a simple function, $j(r,θ)=j_s \sin^2(θ/θ_s) (r/r_s)^2/(1+r/r_s)^4 $, with three free parameters, $j_s, r_s$, and $θ_s$. Specifically, $j_s$ correlates with the halo mass $M_\mathrm{vir}$ as $j_s\propto M_\mathrm{vir}^{2/3}$, $r_s$ has a weak dependence on the halo mass as $r_s \propto M_\mathrm{vir}^{0.040}$, and $θ_s$ is independent of $M_\mathrm{vir}$. This profile agrees with that from a rigid shell model, though its origin is unclear. Our universal specific angular momentum profile $j(r,θ)$ is useful in modelling haloes' angular momenta. Furthermore, by using an empirical stellar mass - halo mass relation, we can infer the averaged angular momentum distribution of a dark matter halo. The specific angular momentum - stellar mass relation within a halo computed from our profile is shown to share a similar shape as that from the observed disk galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted version by ApJ, Figure 5 is added to address the r_s - c relation, Section 5 is updated
Constrained superfields on metastable anti-D3-branes
Creators: name: Aalsma, Lars
name: van der Schaar, Jan Pieter
name: Vercnocke, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of brane polarization on the supersymmetry transformations of probe anti-D3-branes at the tip of a Klebanov-Strassler throat geometry. As is well known, the probe branes can polarize into NS5-branes and decay to a supersymmetric state by brane-flux annihilation. The effective potential has a metastable minimum as long as the number of anti-D3-branes is small compared to the number of flux quanta. We study the reduced four-dimensional effective NS5-brane theory and show that in the metastable minimum supersymmetry is non-linearly realized to leading order, as expected for spontaneously broken supersymmetry. However, a strict decoupling limit of the higher order corrections in terms of a standard nilpotent superfield does not seem to exist. We comment on the possible implications of these results for more general low-energy effective descriptions of inflation or de Sitter vacua.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. v2: fixed typos, matches published version
Prethermal Strong Zero Modes and Topological Qubits
Creators: name: Else, Dominic V.
name: Fendley, Paul
name: Kemp, Jack
name: Nayak, Chetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that quantum information encoded in some topological excitations, including certain Majorana zero modes, is protected in closed systems for a time scale exponentially long in system parameters. This protection holds even at infinite temperature. At lower temperatures the decay time becomes even longer, with a temperature dependence controlled by an effective gap that is parametrically larger than the actual energy gap of the system. This non-equilibrium dynamical phenomenon is a form of prethermalization, and occurs because of obstructions to the equilibriation of edge or defect degrees of freedom with the bulk. We analyze the ramifications for ordered and topological phases in one, two, and three dimensions, with examples including Majorana and parafermionic zero modes in interacting spin chains. Our results are based on a non-perturbative analysis valid in any dimension, and they are illustrated by numerical simulations in one dimension. We discuss the implications for experiments on quantum-dot chains tuned into a regime supporting end Majorana zero modes, and on trapped ion chains.
description: 20 pages. v2: reorganized and added overview section
CNN Poll: February 2022 SMS Poll (Poll 5)
Creators: name: CNN
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Ukraine (9); actions to stop Russian hostilities in Ukraine (4); concern that war in Ukraine will lead to broader conflict (2); impact of war in Ukraine on U.S. (2); U.S. gas prices (1); served in U.S. military (1).
Fork Tensor Product States - Efficient Three Orbital Real Time DMFT Solver
Creators: name: Bauernfeind, Daniel
name: Zingl, Manuel
name: Triebl, Robert
name: Aichhorn, Markus
name: Evertz, Hans Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a tensor network especially suited for multi-orbital Anderson impurity models and as an impurity solver for multi-orbital dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). The solver works directly on the real-frequency axis and yields very high spectral resolution at all frequencies. We use a large number $\left(\mathcal{O}(100)\right)$ of bath sites, and therefore achieve an accurate representation of the bath. The solver can treat full rotationally invariant interactions with reasonable numerical effort. We show the efficiency and accuracy of the method by a benchmark for the testbed material SrVO$_3$. There we observe multiplet structures in the high-energy spectrum which are almost impossible to resolve by other multi-orbital methods. The resulting structure of the Hubbard bands can be described as a broadened atomic spectrum with rescaled interaction parameters. Additional features emerge when $U$ is increased. The impurity solver offers a new route to the calculation of precise real-frequency spectral functions of correlated materials.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, Physical Review X, accepted version
Quasi-PDFs, momentum distributions and pseudo-PDFs
Creators: name: Radyushkin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quasi-PDFs may be treated as hybrids of PDFs and primordial rest-frame momentum distributions of partons. This results in a complicated convolution nature of quasi-PDFs that necessitates using large $p_3 \sim 3$ GeV momenta to get reasonably close to the PDF limit. As an alternative approach, we propose to use pseudo-PDFs $P(x, z_3^2)$ that generalize the light-front PDFs onto spacelike intervals and are related to Ioffe-time distributions $M (ν, z_3^2)$, the functions of the Ioffe time $ν= p_3 z_3$ and the distance parameter $z_3^2$ with respect to which it displays perturbative evolution for small $z_3$. In this form, one may divide out the $z_3^2$ dependence coming from the primordial rest-frame distribution and from the problematic factor due to lattice renormalization of the gauge link. The $ν$-dependence remains intact and determines the shape of PDFs.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, changes in text and references
title: Solubility of water in peridotite liquids and the prevalence of steam atmospheres on rocky planets
Creators: name: Sossi, Paolo A
name: Tollan, Peter M E
name: Badro, James
name: Bower, Dan J
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Atmospheres are products of time-integrated mass exchange between the surface of a planet and its interior. On Earth and other planetary bodies, magma oceans likely marked significant atmosphere-forming events, during which both steam- and carbon-rich atmospheres may have been generated. However, the nature of atmospheres around rocky planets remains unclear for lack of constraints on their solubilities in liquids of appropriate composition. Here we determine the solubility of water in 14 peridotite liquids, representative of Earth’s mantle, synthesised in a laser-heated aerodynamic levitation furnace. We explore oxygen fugacities (fO2) between -1.9 and +6.0 log units relative to the iron-wüstite buffer at constant temperature (1900±50 °C) and pressure (1 bar). The resulting fH2O ranged from 0 to 0.027 bar and fH2 from 0 to 0.064 bar. Total H2O contents were determined by transmission FTIR spectroscopy of doubly-polished thick sections from the intensity of the absorption band at 3550 cm-1 and applying the Beer-Lambert law. The mole fraction of water in the liquid is found to be proportional to (fH2O)0.5, attesting to its dissolution as OH. The data are fitted by a solubility coefficient of ~525 ppm/bar0.5, roughly 25 % lower than for basaltic liquids at 1350 °C and 1 bar. Higher temperatures (rather than more magnesian compositions) result in a decrease of water solubility in silicate melts. Because the solubility of water remains high relative to that of CO2, steam atmospheres are rare, although they may form under moderately oxidising conditions on telluric bodies, given sufficiently high H/C ratios.
The diphoton signal of the light Higgs boson in Natural NMSSM
Creators: name: Cao, Junjie
name: Guo, Xiaofei
name: He, Yangle
name: Wu, Peiwen
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natural Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (nNMSSM) is featured by predicting one CP-even Higgs boson satisfying $m_{h_1} \lesssim 120 \,{\rm GeV}$ and Higgsinos lighter than about 300 GeV, and consequently the cross section for DM-nucleon scattering in this scenario is usually quite large. We study the diphoton signal of the light Higgs boson in nNMSSM by considering the tight constraints from the latest LUX and PandaX-II experiments, and we conclude that the optimal value of the signal rate at 8 TeV LHC is greatly reduced in comparison with earlier predictions. For example, previous studies indicated that the rate may exceed $120 \,{\rm fb}$ for $m_{h_1} \simeq 80 \,{\rm GeV}$, while it is at most $25 \,{\rm fb}$ if the lightest neutralino in the scenario is fully responsible for the measured DM relic density. We also investigate the case of $m_{h_1} \simeq 98 \,{\rm GeV}$ which is hinted by the excesses of the LEP analysis on $Z \bar{b} b$ signal and the CMS analysis on the diphoton signal. We conclude that nNMSSM can explain simultaneously the excesses at $1σ$ level without violating any known constraints.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, matches PRD published version
Search for Invisible Decays of a Dark Photon Produced in e+e- Collisions at BaBar
Creators: name: Lees, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for single-photon events in 53 fb^-1 of e+e- collision data collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II B-factory. We look for events with a single high-energy photon and a large missing momentum and energy, consistent with production of a spin-1 particle A' through the process e+e->gamma A', A'->invisible. Such particles, referred to as "dark photons", are motivated by theories applying a U(1) gauge symmetry to dark matter. We find no evidence for such processes and set 90% confidence level upper limits on the coupling strength of A' to e+e- in the mass range m_A'<=8 GeV. In particular, our limits exclude the values of the A' coupling suggested by the dark-photon interpretation of the muon (g-2) anomaly, as well as a broad range of parameters for the dark-sector models.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures; v2 is the version published in Physical Review Letters
A Third-Order Moving Mesh Cell-Centered Scheme for One-Dimensional Elastic-Plastic Flows
Creators: name: Cheng, Jun-Bo
name: Huang, Weizhang
name: Jiang, Song
name: Tian, Baolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N08, 76M12

description: A third-order moving mesh cell-centered scheme without the remapping of physical variables is developed for the numerical solution of one-dimensional elastic-plastic flows with the Mie-Grüneisen equation of state, the Wilkins constitutive model, and the von Mises yielding criterion. The scheme combines the Lagrangian method with the MMPDE moving mesh method and adaptively moves the mesh to better resolve shock and other types of waves while preventing the mesh from crossing and tangling. It can be viewed as a direct arbitrarily Lagrangian-Eulerian method but can also be degenerated to a purely Lagrangian scheme. It treats the relative velocity of the fluid with respect to the mesh as constant in time between time steps, which allows high-order approximation of free boundaries. A time dependent scaling is used in the monitor function to avoid possible sudden movement of the mesh points due to the creation or diminishing of shock and rarefaction waves or the steepening of those waves. A two-rarefaction Riemann solver with elastic waves is employed to compute the Godunov values of the density, pressure, velocity, and deviatoric stress at cell interfaces. Numerical results are presented for three examples. The third-order convergence of the scheme and its ability to concentrate mesh points around shock and elastic rarefaction waves are demonstrated. The obtained numerical results are in good agreement with those in literature. The new scheme is also shown to be more accurate in resolving shock and rarefaction waves than an existing third-order cell-centered Lagrangian scheme.
description: 26 pages
Measuring the radius and mass of Planet Nine
Creators: name: Schneider, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Batygin and Brown (2016) have suggested the existence of a new Solar System planet supposed to be responsible for the perturbation of eccentric orbits of small outer bodies. The main challenge is now to detect and characterize this putative body. Here we investigate the principles of the determination of its physical parameters, mainly its mass and radius. For that purpose we concentrate on two methods, stellar occultations and gravitational microlensing effects (amplification, deflection and time delay). We estimate the main characteristics of a possible occultation or gravitational effects: flux variation of a background star, duration and probability of occurence. We investigate also additional benefits of direct imaging and of an occultation.
description: PASP accepted
Rethinking CMB foregrounds: systematic extension of foreground parameterizations
Creators: name: Chluba, Jens
name: Hill, J. Colin
name: Abitbol, Maximilian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future high-sensitivity measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and energy spectrum will be limited by our understanding and modeling of foregrounds. Not only does more information need to be gathered and combined, but also novel approaches for the modeling of foregrounds, commensurate with the vast improvements in sensitivity, have to be explored. Here, we study the inevitable effects of spatial averaging on the spectral shapes of typical foreground components, introducing a moment approach, which naturally extends the list of foreground parameters that have to be determined through measurements or constrained by theoretical models. Foregrounds are thought of as a superposition of individual emitting volume elements along the line of sight and across the sky, which then are observed through an instrumental beam. The beam and line of sight averages are inevitable. Instead of assuming a specific model for the distributions of physical parameters, our method identifies natural new spectral shapes for each foreground component that can be used to extract parameter moments (e.g., mean, dispersion, cross-terms, etc.). The method is illustrated for the superposition of power-laws, free-free spectra, gray-body and modified blackbody spectra, but can be applied to more complicated fundamental spectral energy distributions. Here, we focus on intensity signals but the method can be extended to the case of polarized emission. The averaging process automatically produces scale-dependent spectral shapes and the moment method can be used to propagate the required information across scales in power spectrum estimates. The approach is not limited to applications to CMB foregrounds but could also be useful for the modeling of X-ray emission in clusters of galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRAS, minor revisions
Persistent low-temperature spin dynamics in the mixed-valence iridate Ba$_{3}$InIr$_{2}$O$_{9}$
Creators: name: Dey, Tusharkanti
name: Majumder, M.
name: Orain, J. C.
name: Senyshyn, A.
name: Prinz-Zwick, M.
name: Bachus, S.
name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Bert, F.
name: Khuntia, P.
name: Büttgen, N.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Gegenwart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using thermodynamic measurements, neutron diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, and muon spin relaxation, we establish putative quantum spin-liquid behavior in Ba$_3$InIr$_2$O$_9$, where unpaired electrons are localized on mixed-valence Ir$_2$O$_9$ dimers with Ir$^{4.5+}$ ions. Despite the antiferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature on the order of 10 K, neither long-range magnetic order nor spin freezing are observed down to at least 20 mK, such that spins are short-range correlated and dynamic over nearly three decades in temperature. Quadratic power-law behavior of both the spin-lattice relaxation rate and specific heat indicates the gapless nature of the ground state. We envisage that this exotic behavior may be related to an unprecedented combination of the triangular and buckled honeycomb geometries of nearest-neighbor exchange couplings in the mixed-valence setting.
description: published version + Supplemental material
Detecting Dark Photon with Reactor Neutrino Experiments
Creators: name: Park, HyangKyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to search for light $U(1)$ dark photons, $A'$, produced via kinetically mixing with ordinary photons via the Compton-like process, $γe^- \rightarrow A' e^-$, in a nuclear reactor and detected by their interactions with the material in the active volumes of reactor neutrino experiments. We derive 95\% confidence-level upper limits on $ε$, the $A'$-$γ$ mixing parameter, $ε$, for dark-photon masses below 1$\sim$MeV of $ε~< ~1.3\times 10^{-5}$ and $ε~
title: Polarons in amphiboles: evidence from resonance Raman scattering and DFT calculations
Creators: name: Mihailova, Boriana
name: Bernardini, Simone
name: Waeselmann, Naemi
name: Della Ventura, Giancarlo
name: Xu, Wei
name: Marcelli, Augusto
name: Schlüter, Jochen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The properties of rocks are determined from the physical properties of minerals composing the rock, which in turn ultimately depend on the crystal phonon modes and electron density of states. Amphiboles (AB2C5T8O22W2, C5 = M12M22M3) are among the major hydrous-silicate mineral constituents of the lithosphere, whose structure consists of strips of 6-membered TO4-rings attached to MO6 octahedra. To elucidate the atomistic origin of the rock conductivity observed in peculiar geological settings, we have studied single crystals of MFe-containing amphiboles from different subgroups by in situ high-temperature polarized Raman spectroscopy and density-functional-theory calculations of the electron band structure of grunerite (A¨Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2) as a model pure-MFe2+ amphibole [1]. Above a certain temperature resonance Raman scattering occurs, due to the formation of small polarons arising from the coupling between polar optical phonons and electron transitions within Fe2+O6 octahedra, the mobility of which through the mineral bulk is strongly anisotropic. The FeO6-related polarons coexist with delocalized H+, that is, at elevated temperatures typical of lithosphere Fe-bearing amphiboles are conductive and exhibiting two types of charge carriers: electronic polarons and H+ cations, regardless of the oxygen fugacity. However, the presence of external oxygen favours the ejection of H+ and electrons from the crystal. Therefore, at lithospheric temperatures Fe2+-bearing amphiboles can be in a unique metastable state with an anisotropic surface-to-bulk gradient in the chemical potential. Same phenomena are expected for other rock-forming minerals sharing a similar structural feature with amphiboles: linked TO4-rings and MO6-octahedra.

[1] Mihailova et al. Commun. Mater. 2, 57/1-10 (2021)
Conformal geodesics in spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes with Cosmological constant
Creators: name: Gómez-Lobo, Alfonso García-Parrado
name: Gasperin, Edgar
name: Kroon, Juan A. Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of conformal geodesics in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter families of spacetimes is given. For both families of spacetimes we show that initial data on a spacelike hypersurface can be given such that the congruence of conformal geodesics arising from this data cover the whole maximal extension of canonical conformal representations of the spacetimes without forming caustic points. For the Schwarzschild-de Sitter family, the resulting congruence can be used to obtain global conformal Gaussian systems of coordinates of the conformal representation. In the case of the Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter family, the natural parameter of the curves only covers a restricted time span so that these global conformal Gaussian systems do not exist.
description: 51 pages, 12 figures. Minor changes. File updated. To appear in CQG
New Relations for Gauge-Theory and Gravity Amplitudes at Loop Level
Creators: name: He, Song
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we extend the tree-level Kawai--Lewellen--Tye (KLT) and Bern--Carrasco--Johansson (BCJ) amplitude relations to loop integrands of gauge theory and gravity. By rearranging the propagators of gauge and gravity loop integrands, we propose the first manifestly gauge- and diffeomorphism invariant formulation of their double-copy relations. The one-loop KLT formula expresses gravity integrands in terms of more basic gauge invariant building blocks for gauge-theory amplitudes, dubbed partial integrands. The latter obey a one-loop analogue of the BCJ relations, and both KLT and BCJ relations are universal to bosons and fermions in any number of spacetime dimensions and independent on the amount of supersymmetry. Also, one-loop integrands of Einstein--Yang--Mills (EYM) theory are related to partial integrands of pure gauge theories.
description: 6 pages; v2: references added, minor corrections, published version with updated reference on work in progress
Accurate halo-galaxy mocks from automatic bias estimation and particle mesh gravity solvers
Creators: name: Vakili, Mohammadjavad
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Feng, Yu
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Zhao, Cheng
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Hahn, ChangHoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable extraction of cosmological information from clustering measurements of galaxy surveys requires estimation of the error covariance matrices of observables. The accuracy of covariance matrices is limited by our ability to generate sufficiently large number of independent mock catalogs that can describe the physics of galaxy clustering across a wide range of scales. Furthermore, galaxy mock catalogs are required to study systematics in galaxy surveys and to test analysis tools. In this investigation, we present a fast and accurate approach for generation of mock catalogs for the upcoming galaxy surveys. Our method relies on low-resolution approximate gravity solvers to simulate the large scale dark matter field, which we then populate with halos according to a flexible nonlinear and stochastic bias model. In particular, we extend the \textsc{patchy} code with an efficient particle mesh algorithm to simulate the dark matter field (the \textsc{FastPM} code), and with a robust MCMC method relying on the \textsc{emcee} code for constraining the parameters of the bias model. Using the halos in the BigMultiDark high-resolution $N$-body simulation as a reference catalog, we demonstrate that our technique can model the bivariate probability distribution function (counts-in-cells), power spectrum, and bispectrum of halos in the reference catalog. Specifically, we show that the new ingredients permit us to reach percentage accuracy in the power spectrum up to $k\sim 0.4\; \,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ (within 5\% up to $k\sim 0.6\; \,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$) with accurate bispectra improving previous results based on Lagrangian perturbation theory.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, published version
Constraints and Implications on Higgs FCNC Couplings from Precision Measurement of $B_s \to μ^+μ^-$ Decay
Creators: name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Ye, Fang
name: Yuan, Xing-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study constraints and implications of the recent LHCb measurement of ${\cal B}(B_s \to μ^+μ^-)$ for tree-level Higgs-mediated flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions. Combined with experimental data on $B_s$ mass difference $Δm_s$, the $h \to μτ$, and the $h \to τ^+τ^-$ decay branching ratios from the LHC, we find that the Higgs FCNC couplings are severely constrained. The allowed regions for $B_s \to μτ$, $ττ$ and $h \to sb$ decays are obtained. Current data allow large CP violation in the $h \to τ^+ τ^-$ decay. Consequences of the Cheng-Sher ansatz for the Higgs Yukawa couplings are discussed in some detail.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. Updated the paper with new results from LHC on h to mu tau
Fully self-consistent relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory for finite nuclei
Creators: name: Shen, Shihang
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Meng, Jie
name: Ring, Peter
name: Zhang, Shuangquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the relativistic form of the Bonn potential as a bare nucleon-nucleon interaction, the full Relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) equations are solved for finite nuclei in a fully self-consistent basis. This provides a relativistic ab initio calculation of the ground state properties of finite nuclei without any free parameters and without three-body forces. The convergence properties for the solutions of these coupled equations are discussed in detail at the example of the nucleus $^{16}$O. The binding energies, radii, and spin-orbit splittings of the doubly magic nuclei $^{4}$He, $^{16}$O, and $^{40}$Ca are calculated and compared with the earlier RBHF calculated results in a fixed Dirac Woods-Saxon basis and other non-relativistic ab initio calculated results based on pure two-body forces.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Non-Abelian black holes in string theory
Creators: name: Cano, Pablo A.
name: Meessen, Patrick
name: Ortin, Tomas
name: Ramirez, Pedro F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of 5-dimensional non-Abelian black holes that can be obtained by adding an instanton field to the well-known D1D5W Abelian black holes. Naively, the non-Abelian fields seem to contribute to the black-hole entropy but not to the mass due to their rapid fall-off at spatial infinity. By uplifting the 5-dimensional supergravity solution to 10-dimensional Heterotic Supergravity first and then dualizing it into a Type-I Supergravity solution, we show that the non-Abelian fields are associated to D5-branes dissolved into the D9-branes (dual to the Heterotic "gauge 5-branes") and that their associated RR charge does not, in fact, contribute to the entropy, which only depends on the number16 pages of D-strings and D5 branes and the momentum along the D-strings, as in the Abelian case. These "dissolved" or "gauge" D5-branes do contribute to the mass in the expected form. The correct interpretation of the 5-dimensional charges in terms of the string-theory objects solves the non-Abelian hair puzzle, allowing for the microscopic accounting of the entropy. We discuss the validity of the solution when alpha prime corrections are taken into account.
description: Latex 2e file, 21 pages. A full appendix on alpha prime corrections and the corresponding discussions have been added. The conclusions have suffered minor changes. Version accepted in JHEP
X-ray spectral analyses of AGNs from the 7Ms Chandra Deep Field-South survey: the distribution, variability, and evolution of AGN's obscuration
Creators: name: Liu, Teng
name: Tozzi, Paolo
name: Wang, Jun-Xian
name: Brandt, William N.
name: Vignali, Cristian
name: Xue, Yongquan
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Comastri, Andrea
name: Yang, Guang
name: Bauer, Franz E.
name: Paolillo, Maurizio
name: Luo, Bin
name: Gilli, Roberto
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Ji, Zhiyuan
name: Alexander, David M
name: Mainieri, Vincenzo
name: Shemmer, Ohad
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Risaliti, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed spectral analysis of the brightest Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) identified in the 7Ms Chandra Deep Field South (CDF-S) survey over a time span of 16 years. Using a model of an intrinsically absorbed power-law plus reflection, with possible soft excess and narrow Fe K$α$ line, we perform a systematic X-ray spectral analysis, both on the total 7Ms exposure and in four different periods with lengths of 2-21 months. With this approach, we not only present the power-law slopes, column densities $N_H$, observed fluxes, and absorption-corrected 2-10~keV luminosities $L_X$ for our sample of AGNs, but also identify significant spectral variabilities among them on time scales of years. We find that the $N_H$ variabilities can be ascribed to two different types of mechanisms, either flux-driven or flux-independent. We also find that the correlation between the narrow Fe line EW and $N_H$ can be well explained by the continuum suppression with increasing $N_H$. Accounting for the sample incompleteness and bias, we measure the intrinsic distribution of $N_H$ for the CDF-S AGN population and present re-selected subsamples which are complete with respect to $N_H$. The $N_H$-complete subsamples enable us to decouple the dependences of $N_H$ on $L_X$ and on redshift. Combining our data with that from C-COSMOS, we confirm the anti-correlation between the average $N_H$ and $L_X$ of AGN, and find a significant increase of the AGN obscured fraction with redshift at any luminosity. The obscured fraction can be described as $f_{obscured}\thickapprox 0.42\ (1+z)^{0.60}$.
description: 35 figures, ApJS accepted
How to connect with different audiences: social media strategy of Arnes as NREN vs. SLING for EuroCC Project
Creators: name: Herček, Ariela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SIG-Marcomms
social media
EuroCC Project

description: Presentation was delivered at the SIG-Marcomms meeting in Brussels, Belgium on October 4th, 2022. This presentation shows how Arnes approaches its different audiences on social media - general audience, user and institutions, and researchers.
From quantum stochastic differential equations to Gisin-Percival state diffusion
Creators: name: Parthasarathy, K. R.
name: Devi, A. R. Usha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J60, 60J65, 58J65, 60G05

description: Starting from the quantum stochastic differential equations of Hudson and Parthasarathy (Comm. Math. Phys. 93, 301 (1984)) and exploiting the Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphism between the Boson Fock reservoir space $Γ(L^2(\mathbb{R}_+)\otimes (\mathbb{C}^{n}\oplus \mathbb{C}^{n}))$ and the Hilbert space $L^2(μ)$, where $μ$ is the Wiener probability measure of a complex $n$-dimensional vector-valued standard Brownian motion $\{\mathbf{B}(t), t\geq 0\}$, we derive a non-linear stochastic Schrodinger equation describing a classical diffusion of states of a quantum system, driven by the Brownian motion $\mathbf{B}$. Changing this Brownian motion by an appropriate Girsanov transformation, we arrive at the Gisin-Percival state diffusion equation (J. Phys. A, 167, 315 (1992)). This approach also yields an explicit solution of the Gisin-Percival equation, in terms of the Hudson-Parthasarathy unitary process and a radomized Weyl displacement process. Irreversible dynamics of system density operators described by the well-known Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad master equation is unraveled by coarse-graining over the Gisin-Percival quantum state trajectories.
description: 28 pages, one pdf figure. An error in the multiplying factor in Eq. (102) corrected. To appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Modeling Nucleation and Growth of Zinc Oxide During Discharge of Primary Zinc-Air Batteries
Creators: name: Stamm, Johannes
name: Varzi, Alberto
name: Latz, Arnulf
name: Horstmann, Birger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-air batteries are among the most promising next-generation energy storage devices. Relying on abundant materials and offering high energy densities, potential applications lie in the fields of electro-mobility, portable electronics, and stationary grid applications. Now, research on secondary zinc-air batteries is revived, which are commercialized as primary hearing aid batteries. One of the main obstacles for making zinc-air batteries rechargeable is their poor lifetime due to the degradation of alkaline electrolyte in contact with atmospheric carbon dioxide. In this article, we present a continuum theory of a commercial Varta PowerOne button cell. Our model contains dissolution of zinc and nucleation and growth of zinc oxide in the anode, thermodynamically consistent electrolyte transport in porous media, and multi-phase coexistance in the gas diffusion electrode. We perform electrochemical measurements and validate our model. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment is found and novel insights into the role of zinc oxide nucleation and growth and carbon dioxide dissolution for discharge and lifetime is presented. We demonstrate the implications of our work for the development of rechargeable zinc-air batteries.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, Supplementary Information uploaded as ancillary file
Many-body self-localization in a translation-invariant Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Mondaini, Rubem
name: Cai, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistical and dynamical aspects of a translation-invariant Hamiltonian, without quench disorder, as an example of the manifestation of the phenomenon of many-body localization. This is characterized by the breakdown of thermalization and by information preservation of initial preparations at long times. To realize this, we use quasi-periodic long-range interactions, which are now achievable in high-finesse cavity experiments, to find evidence suggestive of a divergent time-scale in which charge inhomogeneities in the initial state survive asymptotically. This is reminiscent of a glassy behavior, which appears in the ground-state of this system, being also present at infinite temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures; as published
Towards implementing multi-channels, ring-oscillator-based, Vernier time-to-digital converter in FPGAs: key design points and construction method
Creators: name: Cui, Ke
name: Li, Xiangyu
name: Liu, Zongkai
name: Zhu, Rihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For TOF positron emission tomography (TOF PET) detectors, time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are essential to resolve the coincidence time of the photon pairs. Recently, an efficient TDC structure called ring-oscillator-based (RO-based) Vernier TDC using carry chains was reported by our team. The method is very promising due to its low linearity error and low resource cost. However, the implementation complexity is rather high especially when moving to multi-channels TDC designs, since this method calls for a manual intervention to the initial fitting results of the compilation software. In this paper, we elaborate the key points toward implementing high performance multi-channels TDCs of this kind while keeping the least implementation complexity. Furthermore, we propose an efficient fine time interpolator construction method called the period difference recording which only needs at most 31 adjustment trials to obtain a targeted TDC resolution. To validate the techniques proposed in this paper, we built a 32-channels TDC on a Stratix III FPGA chip and fully evaluated its performance. Code density tests show that the obtained resolution results lie in the range of (23 ps ~ 37 ps), the differential nonlinearity (DNL) results lie in the range of (-0.4 LSB ~ 0.4 LSB) and the integral nonlinearity (INL) results lie in the range of (-0.7 LSB ~ 0.7 LSB) for each of the 32 TDC channels. This paper greatly eases the designing difficulty of the carry chain RO-based TDCs and can significantly propel their development in practical use.
description: 9 pages,9 figures, 4 tables; published on IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences
On the feasibility of studying the exospheres of Earth-like exoplanets by Lyman-alpha monitoring. Detectability constraints for nearby M stars
Creators: name: de Castro, Ana I. Gomez
name: Beitia-Antero, Leire
name: Ustamujic, Sabina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the Earth's exosphere have unveiled an extended envelope of hydrogen reaching further than 10 Earth radii composed of atoms orbiting around the Earth. This large envelope increases significantly the opacity of the Earth to Lyman-alpha (Lya) photons coming from the Sun, to the point of making feasible the detection of the Earth's transit signature from 1.35 pc if pointing with an 8~meter primary mirror space telescope through a clean line of sight (NH < 1e17 cm-2), as we show. In this work, we evaluate the potential detectability of Earth analogues orbiting around nearby M-type stars by monitoring the variability of the Lya flux. We show that, in spite of the interstellar, heliospheric and astrospheric absorption, the transit signature in M5 V type stars would be detectable with a dedicated Lya flux monitor implemented in a 4-8 m class space telescope. Such monitoring programs would enable measuring the robustness of planetary atmospheres under heavy space weather conditions like those produced by M-type stars. A 2-m class telescope, such as the World Space Observatory, would suffice to detect an Earth-like planet orbiting around Proxima Centauri, if there was such a planet or nearby M5 type stars.
description: submitted to Experimental Astronomy, 7 figures
Flexural behavior of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) beams prestressed with hybrid tendons
Creators: name: Ortiz, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is increasingly receiving worldwide attention because of its advanced mechanical properties including high tensile properties, enlarged ductility, and excellent durability against chloride attacks. These improved mechanical properties have encouraged the use of UHPC in pre-stressed post-tensioned structural members especially when combined with non-metallic tendons. Combining non-material tendons and UHPC creates an innovative system capable of building longer durable bridge girders with a longer service life compared to the common post-tensioned system. Concrete and reinforcement deterioration, which commonly initiated by the penetration of chloride ions from deicing salts or grouts, can be avoided with the proposed system especially with the increases in live and superimposed dead loads. This study focuses on the serviceability performance of hybrid UHPC beams prestressed with a combination of bonded and unbonded steel and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons and compares the prediction of ultimate stresses on bonded tendons, ultimate moment capacity, deflection, and crack widths with code standards and models available on the literature. Seven beams were tested to failure under third-point loading with emphasis on the tendon materials (i.e., CFRP and steel). Results showed that hybrid beams, using CFRP as the unbonded element, is a very robust prestressing system that may achieve extended service life due its corrosion resistance, while maintaining comparable service performance when compared to hybrid steel beams. Additionally, current code equations show to be very conservative in predicting the capacity and behavior of UHPC prestressed members.
Hybrid geometric-random template placement algorithm for gravitational wave searches from compact binary coalescences
Creators: name: Roy, Soumen
name: Sengupta, Anand S.
name: Thakor, Nilay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical compact binary systems consisting of neutron stars and blackholes are an important class of gravitational wave (GW) sources for advanced LIGO detectors. Accurate theoretical waveform models from the inspiral, merger and ringdown phases of such systems, are used to filter detector data under the template based matched filtering paradigm. An efficient grid over the parameter space at a fixed minimal match has a direct impact on the overall time taken by these searches. We present a new hybrid geometric-random template placement algorithm for signals described by two masses and one spin magnitude parameters. Such template banks could potentially be used in GW searches from binary neutron stars and neutron star-blackhole systems. The template placement is robust and is able to automatically accommodate curvature and boundary effects with no fine tuning. We also compare these banks against vanilla-stochastic template banks and show that while both are equally efficient in the fitting-factor sense, the bank sizes are $\sim 25 \%$ larger in the stochastic method. Further, we show that the generation of the proposed hybrid banks can be sped-up by nearly an order of magnitude over the stochastic bank. Generic issues related to optimal implementation are discussed in detail. These improvements are expected to directly reduce the computational cost of gravitational wave searches.
description: Typo error is fixed in the expression of $\theta_{3s}$ in equation (7)
title: Antisemitismus ohne Antisemiten
Creators: name: Gallner, Marlene
Publisher: name: Katholische Hochschule Nordrhein-Westfalen, Köln
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Jean Améry war einer der ersten, die im deutschsprachigen Raum den linken Antisemitismus und Antizionismus kritisierten. Seine ursprünglich zwischen 1966 und 1978 verfassten Essays sind heute jedoch so unbekannt, dass er mittlerweile als Stichwortgeber für einen allgemeinen Menschenrechts- und Genoziddiskurs fungiert, der die Spezifik des Nationalsozialismus und der Shoah ausblendet. Dabei zeigt Améry in seinen Schriften, was es heißt, den kategorischen Imperativ Adornos, „Denken und Handeln so einzurichten, daß Auschwitz nicht sich wiederhole, nichts Ähnliches geschehe“, ernst zu nehmen – nicht zuletzt, weil er selbst als jüdischer Häftling nur durch Zufall den nationalsozialistischen Todesfabriken entronnen war. Hellsichtig kritisierte er vor einem halben Jahrhundert den neuen Antisemitismus, der seinen Namen nicht nennt, und die neuen Antisemiten, die sich durch die vehemente Abwehr des Vorwurfs, Antisemiten zu sein, auszeichnen. Neben der Verquickung vom Hass auf die Juden und dem Hass auf ihren Staat, spricht Améry ebenfalls als einer der ersten offen über den islamischen Antisemitismus, den große Teile der Linken bereitwillig in Kauf nehmen. Amérys Analysen des linken Selbstverrats sind heute aktueller denn je.
description: CARS Working Papers; 8