cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Biogeographical affinities of Jurassic and Cretaceous continental vertebrate assemblages from SE Asia
Creators: name: Fernandez, Vincent
name: Claude, Julien
name: Escarguel, Gilles
name: Buffetaut, Eric
name: Varavudh Suteethorn
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Over the last 25 years, rich vertebrate assemblages have been discovered in three distinct formations of the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Thailand. This work aims to compare the taxonomic assemblages of SE Asia within their palaeogeographical context in Asia. Occurrences of 477 taxa in 94 Regional Faunal Assemblages (RFA) have provided the raw material for producing a dissimilarity matrix based on the Raup & Crick index. These distances have been investigated statistically to infer relationships between the diverse faunal assemblages in space and time. Our results show that the Thai formations are more similar to each other than to any other formations, suggesting a strong provincialism. The relationship of SE Asian RFAs with other Asian RFAs is more influenced by the presence of freshwater or near-shore taxa than by strictly terrestrial ones. Our analysis shows that the faunal interchange between RFAs was rather low from the Late Jurassic to the end of the Early Cretaceous. However, faunal dispersals dramatically decreased during the mid-Early Cretaceous in Asia. The faunas show an overall stronger provincialism during the mid-Early Cretaceous, indicating the role of possible geographical barriers. This event is characterized by the absence of ornithischian dinosaurs in the Sao Khua Formation although they are present in the under- and overlying formations. Taxonomic diversity and exchanges between faunal assemblages recovered rapidly as early as the Aptian in Asia, but the fauna of SE Asia still retained a strong biogeographical signature.
METHODS OF DETERMINING SEISMIC WEAKNESS E GRI LINES FOR STONE BRICK BUILDINGS IN NAMANGAN CITY
Creators: name: V.A Ismailov, Sh.B. Avazov, R.B. Teshayeva, N.F. Islamova, A.B. Avazov.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: ABSTRACT

This research work is essential for large-scale seismic risk assessment of residential buildings to predict post-earthquake losses and to implement emergency response, risk reduction and preparedness strategies, and to prioritize reconstruction measures to be implemented in the building stock. Accurate estimation of the socio-economic damage caused by future earthquakes is also important for the insurance and reinsurance industries and for the allocation of financial resources. In the course of the study, taking into account the multifaceted practical implications, the methods of assessing seismic risk and seismic effects in several stages are considered.

Keywords: Seismic Vulnerability Curves, Seismic Vulnerability, Seismic Hazard, Post-Earthquake Damage Information, MSK-64, Seismicity, Monitoring, Vs30, Geological, Non-Seismic Brick Buildings.
Machine Learning and Bioinformatics Models to Identify Pathways that Mediate Influences of Welding Fumes on Cancer Progression.
Creators: name: Rana, Humayan Kabir
name: Akhtar, Mst Rashida
name: Islam, M Babul
name: Ahmed, Mohammad Boshir
name: Lió, Pietro
name: Huq, Fazlul
name: Quinn, Julian M W
name: Moni, Mohammad Ali
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Welding generates and releases fumes that are hazardous to human health. Welding fumes (WFs) are a complex mix of metallic oxides, fluorides and silicates that can cause or exacerbate health problems in exposed individuals. In particular, WF inhalation over an extended period carries an increased risk of cancer, but how WFs may influence cancer behaviour or growth is unclear. To address this issue we employed a quantitative analytical framework to identify the gene expression effects of WFs that may affect the subsequent behaviour of the cancers. We examined datasets of transcript analyses made using microarray studies of WF-exposed tissues and of cancers, including datasets from colorectal cancer (CC), prostate cancer (PC), lung cancer (LC) and gastric cancer (GC). We constructed gene-disease association networks, identified signaling and ontological pathways, clustered protein-protein interaction network using multilayer network topology, and analyzed survival function of the significant genes using Cox proportional hazards (Cox PH) model and product-limit (PL) estimator. We observed that WF exposure causes altered expression of many genes (36, 13, 25 and 17 respectively) whose expression are also altered in CC, PC, LC and GC. Gene-disease association networks, signaling and ontological pathways, protein-protein interaction network, and survival functions of the significant genes suggest ways that WFs may influence the progression of CC, PC, LC and GC. This quantitative analytical framework has identified potentially novel mechanisms by which tissue WF exposure may lead to gene expression changes in tissue gene expression that affect cancer behaviour and, thus, cancer progression, growth or establishment.
title: Devinette n°33
Creators: name: Naïm, Samia
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Yemeni Arabic (Sanaa dialect)
subject: ayn
subject: Arabe Yéménite (dialecte de Sanaa)

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Devinette n°33
A computational platform for high-throughput analysis of RNA sequences and modifications by mass spectrometry.
Creators: name: Wein, Samuel
name: Andrews, Byron
name: Sachsenberg, Timo
name: Santos-Rosa, Helena
name: Kohlbacher, Oliver
name: Kouzarides, Tony
name: Garcia, Benjamin A
name: Weisser, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: The field of epitranscriptomics continues to reveal how post-transcriptional modification of RNA affects a wide variety of biological phenomena. A pivotal challenge in this area is the identification of modified RNA residues within their sequence contexts. Mass spectrometry (MS) offers a comprehensive solution by using analogous approaches to shotgun proteomics. However, software support for the analysis of RNA MS data is inadequate at present and does not allow high-throughput processing. Existing software solutions lack the raw performance and statistical grounding to efficiently handle the numerous modifications found on RNA. We present a free and open-source database search engine for RNA MS data, called NucleicAcidSearchEngine (NASE), that addresses these shortcomings. We demonstrate the capability of NASE to reliably identify a wide range of modified RNA sequences in four original datasets of varying complexity. In human tRNA, we characterize over 20 different modification types simultaneously and find many cases of incomplete modification.
Derecho del ingreso público
Creators: name: Ojeda Pinto, Yoner
Publisher: name: Universidad externado de colombia
Year: 2024

description: Objetivos Generales; * Analiza las estructuras normativas y principios legales que fundamentan el sistema de ingresos públicos en Colombia, para entender cómo estos afectan la obtención de los recursos financieros del Estado. * Interpreta los marcos normativos y doctrinarios relacionados con los ingresos patrimoniales, crediticios y tributarios, para comprender su papel en el financiamiento de las actividades públicas y su impacto en el desarrollo socioeconómico del país. * Evalúa las leyes con afectación a los ingresos públicos y su ejecución en el contexto colombiano, para identificar, desde un punto de vista crítico, las fortalezas, debilidades y oportunidades de mejora en la gestión del gasto público.
description: En este curso, se profundizará en el estudio de los ingresos públicos, entendidos como aquellos flujos económicos recaudados y administrados por entidades gubernamentales autorizadas legalmente, los cuales reflejan cuantitativamente el desenvolvimiento de la actividad estatal tanto en sus manifestaciones ordinarias como extraordinarias. Se abordará la clasificación doctrinal de los ingresos en patrimoniales, crediticios y tributarios, desentrañando sus fundamentos jurídicos, forma de obtención y distribución, así como su papel en el financiamiento de las actividades públicas
A new skeleton of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from NE Thailand
Creators: name: S. Suteethorn
name: J. Le Loeuff
name: E. Buffetaut
name: V. Suteethorn
name: C. Talubmook
name: C. Chonglakmani
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A new skeleton of a sauropod dinosaur has been discovered in the Early Cretaceous Sao Khua Formation at Ban Na Khrai in Changwat Kalasin (NE Thailand). All sauropod bones from Ban Na Khrai share all their characteristics with the type specimen of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae Martin, Buffetaut & Suteethorn 1994. The 60% complete skeleton is very well preserved and includes cranial elements (a tooth, a frontal, a postorbital, a squamosal, both quadrates, and the braincase), whereas the type specimen is only 10% complete and consists of postcranial bones only. The material from Ban Na Khrai belongs to a single subadult individual of Phuwiangosaurus, as attested by the unfused neurocentral sutures of the vertebrae, which are firmly fused and larger in size in the holotypic specimen.
Política económica y fiscal
Creators: name: Piza Rodríguez, Julio Roberto
name: Ortiz García, Santiago
Publisher: name: Universidad externado de colombia
Year: 2024

description: El curso de Política económica y Política fiscal ofrece un profundo análisis sobre el papel del Estado en la dirección general de la economía, sus funciones constitucionales y la gestiónderecursos públicos a través de instrumentos de política fiscal. Proporcionará a los estudiantes una visión integral de cómo el Estado influye en la economía de mercado, adaptándose al contexto democrático y a las directrices específicas del gobierno de turno. Así mismo, se profundizará en los instrumentos de política fiscal, las facultades de intervención estatal en la economía, y la estructura territorial para la implementación efectiva de estas políticas en un Estado unitario descentralizado
Beta amyloid aggregates induce sensitised TLR4 signalling causing long-term potentiation deficit and rat neuronal cell death.
Creators: name: Hughes, Craig
name: Choi, Minee L
name: Yi, Jee-Hyun
name: Kim, Seung-Chan
name: Drews, Anna
name: George-Hyslop, Peter St
name: Bryant, Clare
name: Gandhi, Sonia
name: Cho, Kwangwook
name: Klenerman, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust
description: The molecular events causing memory loss and neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease (AD) over time are still unknown. Here we found that picomolar concentrations of soluble oligomers of synthetic beta amyloid (Aβ42) aggregates incubated with BV2 cells or rat astrocytes caused a sensitised response of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with time, leading to increased production of TNF-α. Aβ aggregates caused long term potentiation (LTP) deficit in hippocampal slices and predominantly neuronal cell death in co-cultures of astrocytes and neurons, which was blocked by TLR4 antagonists. Soluble Aβ aggregates cause LTP deficit and neuronal death via an autocrine/paracrine mechanism due to TLR4 signalling. These findings suggest that the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response may be a key pathophysiological process in AD.
Estructura del Estado y de la administración pública
Creators: name: Zárate, Aníbal
Publisher: name: Universidad externado de colombia
Year: 2024

description: Objetivos Generales: * Conoce los antecedentes y fundamentos del Derecho de organización, así como los principios rectores y reglas de conformación del aparato estatal. * Identifique el Estado y la Administración pública como sujetos y objeto de estudio del Derecho de la organización. También que diferencie entre los distintos centros de imputación de interés general presentes en la estructura estatal. Así mismo, que maneje las relaciones entre la Nación como un sujeto de Derecho público y sus entidades territoriales, así como la diferencia entre organismos públicos y entidades administrativas. * Comprende las relaciones que se presentan al interior del Estado y de la Administración pública colombianos. Además, identifique las diferentes técnicas de organización al interior del Estado unitario y el alcance que cada una de ellas tiene en materia de actos, controles, capacidad de contratación y régimen de responsabilidad del servidor público competente y sepan qué autoridades son competentes para determinar la estructura de organismos y entidades, y la distribución de negocios al interior de los mismos.
description: El curso la Estructura del Estado y de la Administración pública está orientado a conocer la forma en que los fundamentos en materia de organización, sus principios rectores, y el diseño institucional de cada uno de los organismos y entidades estatales incide en la gestión de los recursos a su cargo. Bajo este enfoque, se analizan las formas y técnicas de organización al interior del Estado unitario, los principios que rigen las relaciones al interior de la Administración pública, para luego estudiar los componentes orgánicos y funcionales más relevantes de las diferentes unidades de servicio presentes en sus órdenes nacional y descentralizado territorialmente y por servicios.
Simulation-based reconstruction of global bird migration over the past 50,000 years.
Creators: name: Somveille, Marius
name: Wikelski, Martin
name: Beyer, Robert M
name: Rodrigues, Ana S L
name: Manica, Andrea
name: Jetz, Walter
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Migration is a widespread response of birds to seasonally varying climates. As seasonality is particularly pronounced during interglacial periods, this raises the question of the significance of bird migration during past periods with different patterns of seasonality. Here, we apply a mechanistic model to climate reconstructions to simulate the past 50,000 years of bird migration worldwide, a period encompassing the transition between the last glacial period and the current interglacial. Our results indicate that bird migration was also a prevalent phenomenon during the last ice age, almost as much as today, suggesting that it has been continually important throughout the glacial cycles of recent Earth history. We find however regional variations, with increasing migratory activity in the Americas, which is not mirrored in the Old World. These results highlight the strong flexibility of the global bird migration system and offer a baseline in the context of on-going anthropogenic climate change.
Evolución y retos contemporáneos de la democracia y la paz
Creators: name: Molina Peláez, Nicolás Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024

description: Objetivos Generales: * Explica los debates conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos emergentes de las interacciones entre la psicología política, la democracia y la paz en los nuevos escenarios de las interacciones entre lo global y lo local y los nuevos diálogos inter y transdisciplinarios, teniendo en cuenta el valor del conocimiento psicopolítico en las relaciones democráticas y pacíficas. * Comunica de manera escrita y verbal los resultados encontrados en la implementación de estrategias psicopolíticas que pretenden afianzar la democracia y la paz en diversos entornos sociopolíticos, para contribuir a la difusión y la apropiación de conocimiento socialmente útil.
description: El curso representa un espacio de exploración intelectual y reflexión crítica diseñado para examinar en profundidad las complejas interacciones entre dos conceptos esenciales: la democracia y la paz, que emerge como un campo fundamental para comprender y abordar las dinámicas sociales y políticas contemporáneas. En este curso se presentan los cimientos teóricos y prácticos que sustentan, tanto la democracia como la paz, reconociendo sus intersecciones y tensiones inherentes. En este se explorará temas que van desde las teorías clásicas de la democracia y la paz hasta las complejas realidades contemporáneas de los conflictos y las transiciones políticas. Se analizará cómo las instituciones democráticas fomentan la prevención y la resolución de los conflictos, y se examinará los posibles desafíos que las sociedades en transición enfrentan, al buscar equilibrar la justicia, la reconciliación y la participación ciudadana.
Elementos básicos para un periodismo con visión de género
Creators: name: Arroyo, Gisela Katherine
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024

description: Objetivos Generales: * Identifica la diferencia entre los conceptos sexo, género, identidad de género y orientación sexual, y aplica esos conocimientos en su ejercicio profesional para comunicarse de manera acertada y responsable. * Comprende la importancia del enfoque interseccional para narrar hechos informativos, teniendo en cuenta las particularidades de las personas involucradas en los hechos noticiosos, con el fin de comunicar acertada y respetuosamente. * Distingue los planteamientos de los feminismos decoloniales para situar hechos noticiosos o de interés en el ejercicio de un periodismo ético y responsable.
description: El primer módulo del Diplomado Claves en comunicación y periodismo contra las violencias basadas en género propone una aproximación a algunos conceptos básicos de los estudios feministas que sirvan como punto de partida para el ejercicio de un periodismo con enfoque de género e interseccional. Con este fin, se hará un recorrido teórico-práctico que permita a las y los estudiantes diferenciar algunos conceptos como sexo y género; conocer qué es la interseccionalidad y por qué es importante en un periodismo con visión de género; identificar, a partir de algunas posturas decoloniales, qué es el conocimiento situado y su importancia al momento de narrar hechos desde una perspectiva de género e interseccional y, finalmente, comprender cuál es el rol de las masculinidades y la importancia de estas en la prevención de dichas violencias.
Fluorescent reporters for functional analysis in rice leaves.
Creators: name: Luginbuehl, Leonie H
name: El-Sharnouby, Sherif
name: Wang, Na
name: Hibberd, Julian M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Rice leaves
Fluorescent Proteins
Microparticle Bombardment
Stable Transformants

description: Fluorescent reporters have facilitated non-invasive imaging in multiple plant species and thus allowed the analysis of processes ranging from gene expression and protein localization to cellular patterning. However, in rice, a globally important crop and model species, there are relatively few reports of fluorescent proteins being used in leaves. Fluorescence imaging is particularly difficult in the rice leaf blade, likely due to a high degree of light scattering in this tissue. To address this, we investigated approaches to improve deep imaging in mature rice leaf blades. We found that ClearSee treatment, which has previously been used to visualize fluorescent reporters in whole tissues of plants, led to improved imaging in rice. Removing epidermal and subtending mesophyll cell layers was faster than ClearSee and also reduced light scattering such that imaging of fluorescent proteins in deeper leaf layers was possible. To expand the range of fluorescent proteins suitable for imaging in rice, we screened twelve whose spectral profiles spanned most of the visible spectrum. This identified five proteins (mTurquoise2, mNeonGreen, mClover3, mKOκ, and tdTomato) that are robustly expressed and detectable in mesophyll cells of stably transformed plants. Using microparticle bombardment, we show that mTurquoise2 and mNeonGreen can be used for simultaneous multicolor imaging of different subcellular compartments. Overall, we conclude that mTurquoise2, mNeonGreen, mClover3, mKOκ, and tdTomato are suitable for high-resolution live imaging of rice leaves, both after transient and stable transformation. Along with the rapid microparticle bombardment method, which allows transient transformation of major cell types in the leaf blade, these fluorescent reporters should greatly facilitate the analysis of gene expression and cell biology in rice.
Mutant Calreticulin in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.
Creators: name: Prins, Daniel
name: González Arias, Carlos
name: Klampfl, Thorsten
name: Grinfeld, Jacob
name: Green, Anthony R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: AbstractMutations in the gene for calreticulin (CALR) were identified in the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (MF) in 2013; in combination with previously described mutations in JAK2 and MPL, driver mutations have now been described for the majority of MPN patients. In subsequent years, researchers have begun to unravel the mechanisms by which mutant CALR drives transformation and to understand their clinical implications. Mutant CALR activates the thrombopoietin receptor (MPL), causing constitutive activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) signaling and cytokine independent growth in vitro. Mouse models show increased numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overproduction of megakaryocytic lineage cells with associated thrombocytosis. In the clinic, detection of CALR mutations has been embedded in World Health Organization and other international diagnostic guidelines. Distinct clinical and laboratory associations of CALR mutations have been identified together with their prognostic significance, with CALR mutant patients showing increased overall survival. The discovery and subsequent study of CALR mutations have illuminated novel aspects of megakaryopoiesis and raised the possibility of new therapeutic approaches.
Derechos, igualdad y eliminación de las violencias basadas en género
Creators: name: Calvo Ocampo, Fabiola
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024

description: Objetivos Generales: * Identifica con ejemplos de la historia y la vida cotidiana el porqué de la carencia de derechos para las mujeres. * Reconoce cómo las mujeres construyeron el derecho a la ciudadanía y al voto. * Comprende que la autonomía, la autoestima y la libertad son la base del empoderamiento de las mujeres para la conquista y el ejercicio de sus derechos.
description: El segundo módulo del Diplomado Claves en comunicación y periodismo contra las violencias basadas en género se centra en los cambios vertiginosos en la construcción de identidades, en la forma de relacionarnos, de comunicarnos y de hacer periodismo. Quizá demos respuestas pragmáticas, no obstante, podemos dar un paso con el fin de encontrar causas, comprender y escuchar razones, o hacer propuestas dirigidas a un ejercicio profesional que nos exige claridades y herramientas, y nuevas formas de ejercer. La sociedad está en una dinámica constante, y ello se refleja en el periodismo y la comunicación, que nos demandan que estemos acordes con los nuevos ritmos en permanente pugna: los derechos y las políticas que los promueven.
Stochastic pulsing of gene expression enables the generation of spatial patterns in Bacillus subtilis biofilms.
Creators: name: Nadezhdin, Eugene
name: Murphy, Niall
name: Dalchau, Neil
name: Phillips, Andrew
name: Locke, James C W
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Stochastic pulsing of gene expression can generate phenotypic diversity in a genetically identical population of cells, but it is unclear whether it has a role in the development of multicellular systems. Here, we show how stochastic pulsing of gene expression enables spatial patterns to form in a model multicellular system, Bacillus subtilis bacterial biofilms. We use quantitative microscopy and time-lapse imaging to observe pulses in the activity of the general stress response sigma factor σB in individual cells during biofilm development. Both σB and sporulation activity increase in a gradient, peaking at the top of the biofilm, even though σB represses sporulation. As predicted by a simple mathematical model, increasing σB expression shifts the peak of sporulation to the middle of the biofilm. Our results demonstrate how stochastic pulsing of gene expression can play a key role in pattern formation during biofilm development.
MUERTE BAJO CUSTODIA
Creators: name: Genival Veloso de França
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010

description:  Sumario: El autor llama la atención de la necesidad de la autoridad pública competente considerar la necropsia como obligatoria en toda muerte verificada en personas detenidas y enclaustradas, además de resaltar los cuidados que el peritaje debe tener cuando delante de una evaluación en la determinación de su causa jurídica de muerte. Llama la atención todavía para una serie de cuidados y para la necesidad de la creación de un Registro Nacional y Muertes bajo Custodia, recomienda que tais muertes tengan obligatoriamente una investigación criminal, estimula los órganos de derechos humanos gubernamentales o no gubernamentales incluyan en sus programas y proyectos el tema “muerte bajo custodia” y resalta la importancia de la capacitación de médicos legistas en el sentido de perfeccionen sus conocimientos delante de esta modalidad de óbito. Palabras clave: Muerte en clausura. Muerte en privados de libertad. Muerte en detención.
ChronoMID-Cross-modal neural networks for 3-D temporal medical imaging data.
Creators: name: Rakowski, Alexander G
name: Veličković, Petar
name: Dall'Ara, Enrico
name: Liò, Pietro
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: ChronoMID-neural networks for temporally-varying, hence Chrono, Medical Imaging Data-makes the novel application of cross-modal convolutional neural networks (X-CNNs) to the medical domain. In this paper, we present multiple approaches for incorporating temporal information into X-CNNs and compare their performance in a case study on the classification of abnormal bone remodelling in mice. Previous work developing medical models has predominantly focused on either spatial or temporal aspects, but rarely both. Our models seek to unify these complementary sources of information and derive insights in a bottom-up, data-driven approach. As with many medical datasets, the case study herein exhibits deep rather than wide data; we apply various techniques, including extensive regularisation, to account for this. After training on a balanced set of approximately 70000 images, two of the models-those using difference maps from known reference points-outperformed a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network baseline by over 30pp (> 99% vs. 68.26%) on an unseen, balanced validation set comprising around 20000 images. These models are expected to perform well with sparse data sets based on both previous findings with X-CNNs and the representations of time used, which permit arbitrarily large and irregular gaps between data points. Our results highlight the importance of identifying a suitable description of time for a problem domain, as unsuitable descriptors may not only fail to improve a model, they may in fact confound it.
title: Devinette n°30
Creators: name: Naïm, Samia
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Yemeni Arabic (Sanaa dialect)
subject: ayn
subject: Arabe Yéménite (dialecte de Sanaa)

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Devinette n°30
Two new sesquiterpenes from the fruits of Fissistigma villosissimum
Creators: name: Tran, Dang Thach
name: Mai, Huong Doan Thi
name: Tran, Huu Giap
name: Truong, Bich Ngan
name: Litaudon, Marc
name: Nguyen, Van Hung
name: Chau, Van Minh
name: Van, Cuong Pham
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Two new sesquiterpenes, namely fissistinone (1) and fissistinol (2), along with ten known compounds (3–12), were isolated from the fruits of Fissistigma villosissimum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis, including one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D)-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (HR–ESI–MS). Compounds 1–8 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against KB cell line; however, all these compounds did not show cytotoxic activity.
title: AKKOU Amar
Creators: name: Naït-Zerad, Kamal
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Kabyle
subject: kab

description: Le locuteur, un homme âgé de 56 ans appartient à la tribu Idjeur. Il est originaire du village Bouzeguène à Tizi-Ouzou en Algérie.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
title: Devinette n°31
Creators: name: Naïm, Samia
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Yemeni Arabic (Sanaa dialect)
subject: ayn
subject: Arabe Yéménite (dialecte de Sanaa)

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Devinette n°31
title: Devinette n°32
Creators: name: Naïm, Samia
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Yemeni Arabic (Sanaa dialect)
subject: ayn
subject: Arabe Yéménite (dialecte de Sanaa)

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Devinette n°32
title: Improving the efficiency and enhancing the capacity of the PyPLT (Python Preference Learning Toolbox) software tool
title: Βελτίωση της αποδοτικότητας και εμπλουτισμός του εργαλείου λογισμικού PyPLT (Python Preference Learning Toolbox)
Creators: name: Χαβιαρα Αντωνια-Χρυσοβαλαντο
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Research has demonstrated that ordinal approaches to the analysis of subjective values such as emotions, leads to more reliable predictive models. Preference learning is the machine learning subfield, which deals with datasets including ordinal relations. Preference learning algorithms have proven to be powerful in creating efficient computational models from ordinal data. The Python Preference Learning Toolbox facilitates ordinal data processing and preference learning. The software is open source, available to a wide range of researchers and includes popular algorithms and data processing methods. At first, the toolbox is tested with synthetic datasets in order to identify possible malfunctions during the stages of data processing and modelling. An optimization of the current features, along with the addition of evaluation metrics and preference learning techniques are performed in order to augment the functionality of the software. A user survey follows, in order to test the usability of the toolbox. The results confirm that PyPLT is simple, easy to use, for both novice and experienced researchers. Furthermore, it is capable of producing reliable predictive models provided the necessary data processing and algorithm parameterization which is offered by the toolbox.
description: Η έρευνα έχει δείξει ότι οι τακτικές προσεγγίσεις στην ανάλυση υποκειμενικών αξιών, όπως τα συναισθήματα, οδηγούν στην κατασκευή πιο αξιόπιστων προγνωστικών μοντέλων. Η εκμάθηση προτιμήσεων είναι το πεδίο της μηχανικής μάθησης, το οποίο ασχολείται με τακτικά (ordinal) δεδομένα. Οι αλγόριθμοι εκμάθησης προτιμήσεων έχουν αποδειχθεί σημαντικοί στη δημιουργία αποδοτικών υπολογιστικών μοντέλων από τακτικά δεδομένα. Το Python Preference Learning Toolbox διευκολύνει την επεξεργασία τακτικών δεδομένων και την εκμάθηση προτιμήσεων. Το λογισμικό είναι ανοιχτού κώδικα, διαθέσιμο σε ένα ευρύ φάσμα ερευνητών, ενώ περιλαμβάνει δημοφιλείς αλγόριθμους και μεθόδους επεξεργασίας δεδομένων. Αρχικά, η εργαλειοθήκη δοκιμάζεται με συνθετικά σύνολα δεδομένων προκειμένου να εντοπιστούν πιθανές δυσλειτουργίες κατά τα στάδια επεξεργασίας δεδομένων και μοντελοποίησης. Πραγματοποιείται βελτιστοποίηση στα υπάρχοντα χαρακτηριστικά, μαζί με την προσθήκη μετρήσεων αξιολόγησης και τεχνικών εκμάθησης προτιμήσεων, προκειμένου να ενισχυθεί η λειτουργικότητα του λογισμικού. Ακολουθεί έρευνα χρηστών, προκειμένου να ελεγχθεί η χρηστικότητα της εργαλειοθήκης. Τα αποτελέσματα επιβεβαιώνουν ότι το PyPLT είναι απλό, εύκολο στη χρήση, τόσο για αρχάριους όσο και για έμπειρους ερευνητές. Επιπλέον, είναι σε θέση να παράγει αξιόπιστα μοντέλα πρόβλεψης με την απαραίτητη επεξεργασία δεδομένων και παραμετροποίηση αλγορίθμων που προσφέρεται από την εργαλειοθήκη.
title: AKLI Fatma
Creators: name: Naït-Zerad, Kamal
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Kabyle
subject: kab

description: Le locuteur, une femme agée de 63 ans appartient à la tribu Idjeur. Elle est originaire du village Bouzeguène à Tizi-Ouzou en Algérie.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Supplementary Materials - Figures and Tables from Telomere length declines with age, but relates to immune function independent of age in a wild passerine
Creators: name: Roast, Michael J.
name: Eastwood, Justin R.
name: Aranzamendi, Nataly Hidalgo
name: Fan, Marie
name: Teunissen, Niki
name: Verhulst, Simon
name: Peters, Anne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Telomere length (TL) shortens with age but telomere dynamics can relate to fitness components independent of age. Immune function often relates to such fitness components and can also interact with telomeres. Studying the link between TL and immune function may therefore help us understand telomere-fitness associations. We assessed the relationships between erythrocyte TL and four immune indices (haptoglobin, natural antibodies (NAbs), complement activity (CA) and heterophil-lymphocyte (HL) ratio; n = 477–589), from known-aged individuals of a wild passerine (Malurus coronatus). As expected, we find that TL significantly declined with age. To verify whether associations between TL and immune function were independent of parallel age-related changes (e.g. immunosenescence), we statistically controlled for sampling age and used within-subject centring of TL to separate relationships within or between individuals. We found that TL positively predicted CA at the between-individual level (individuals with longer average TL had higher CA), but no other immune indices. By contrast, age predicted the levels of NAbs and HL ratio, allowing inference that respective associations between TL and age with immune indices are independent. Any links existing between TL and fitness are therefore unlikely to be strongly mediated by innate immune function, while TL and immune indices appear independent expressions of individual heterogeneity.
Somatic mosaicism and common genetic variation contribute to the risk of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease.
Creators: name: Serra, Eva Gonçalves
name: Schwerd, Tobias
name: Moutsianas, Loukas
name: Cavounidis, Athena
name: Fachal, Laura
name: Pandey, Sumeet
name: Kammermeier, Jochen
name: Croft, Nicholas M
name: Posovszky, Carsten
name: Rodrigues, Astor
name: Russell, Richard K
name: Barakat, Farah
name: Auth, Marcus K H
name: Heuschkel, Robert
name: Zilbauer, Matthias
name: Fyderek, Krzysztof
name: Braegger, Christian
name: Travis, Simon P
name: Satsangi, Jack
name: Parkes, Miles
name: Thapar, Nikhil
name: Ferry, Helen
name: Matte, Julie C
name: Gilmour, Kimberly C
name: Wedrychowicz, Andrzej
name: Sullivan, Peter
name: Moore, Carmel
name: Sambrook, Jennifer
name: Ouwehand, Willem
name: Roberts, David
name: Danesh, John
name: Baeumler, Toni A
name: Fulga, Tudor A
name: Karaminejadranjbar, Mohammad
name: Ahmed, Ahmed
name: Wilson, Rachel
name: Barrett, Jeffrey C
name: Elkadri, Abdul
name: Griffiths, Anne M
name: Snapper, Scott B
name: Shah, Neil
name: Muise, Aleixo M
name: Wilson, David C
name: Uhlig, Holm H
name: Anderson, Carl A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a heterogeneous phenotype associated with a spectrum of rare Mendelian disorders. Here, we perform whole-exome-sequencing and genome-wide genotyping in 145 patients (median age-at-diagnosis of 3.5 years), in whom no Mendelian disorders were clinically suspected. In five patients we detect a primary immunodeficiency or enteropathy, with clinical consequences (XIAP, CYBA, SH2D1A, PCSK1). We also present a case study of a VEO-IBD patient with a mosaic de novo, pathogenic allele in CYBB. The mutation is present in ~70% of phagocytes and sufficient to result in defective bacterial handling but not life-threatening infections. Finally, we show that VEO-IBD patients have, on average, higher IBD polygenic risk scores than population controls (99 patients and 18,780 controls; P
U–Pb zircon ages for post-Variscan volcanism in the Ligurian Alps(Northern Italy)
Creators: name: Dallagiovanna, Giorgio
name: Gaggero, Laura
name: Maino, Matteo
name: Seno, Silvio
name: Tiepolo, Massimo
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Ages of Permian volcanic rocks from the Ligurian Briançonnais domain (Western Italian Alps) have been determined by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb dating of zircon. Three major volcanic units yielded zircons that were dated: calc-alkaline rhyolites (285.6 ± 2.6 Ma), andesites (with inherited cores yielded ages c. 476 Ma and older) and voluminous rhyodacites–rhyolites (272.7 ± 2.2 Ma). Following an amagmatic, sediment-starved time gap of c. 14 Ma, alkaline volcanic activity is recorded, at the top of the sequence, by K-alkaline rhyolites dated at 258.5 ± 2.8 Ma. The Ligurian segment of the Southern Variscan belt records transtensional and then extensional tectonics associated with the volcanic activity. The switch from calc-alkaline to alkaline activity corresponds to the transition from a post-orogenic to an anorogenic setting in the Southern Variscides; it may represent progressive and increasing delamination of the continental lithosphere, accompanied by partial melting of the lithospheric mantle.
Long-term geochemical variability of the Late Cretaceous Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, central Sierra Nevada, California
Creators: name: Gray, Walt
name: Glazner, Allen F.
name: Coleman, Drew S.
name: Bartley, John M.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: This study investigates the internal anatomy and petrogenesis of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (TIS), which comprises metaluminous, high-potassium, calc-alkaline granitoids typical of the Sierra Nevada batholith. Although the TIS has often been cited as an example of a large magma chamber that cooled and fractionated from the margins inward, its geochemistry is inconsistent with closed-system fractionation. Most major elements are highly correlated with SiO2, but the scattered nature of trace elements and variations of initial Sr and Nd isotopic ratios indicate that fractional crystallization is not the predominant process responsible for its chemical evolution. Isotopic data suggest mixing between melts of mantle-like rocks and a granitic melt similar in composition to the highest-silica TIS unit. Monte Carlo models of magma mixing confirm that such processes can reproduce the observed variations in major elements, trace elements and isotopic ratios. Thermobarometry suggests emplacement at depths near 6 km and crystallization temperatures ranging from 660 to 750 °C. Feldspars, hornblende, biotite and magnetite exhibit evidence of extensive low-temperature subsolidus exsolution. The TIS as a whole trends toward more evolved isotopic compositions and younger U–Pb zircon ages passing inward. This pattern indicates a general increase in the proportion of felsic, crustally derived melt in the mixing process, which may have resulted from net accumulation of heat added to the lower crust by intrusion of mantle-derived mafic magma. However, the bulk geochemical and isotopic compositions of the equigranular Half Dome Granodiorite, the porphyritic Half Dome Granodiorite and the Cathedral Peak Granodiorite overlap one another and the contacts between them are commonly gradational. We interpret these map units to represent a single petrological continuum rather than distinct intrusive phases. The textural differences that define the units probably reflect thermal evolution of the system rather than distinct intrusive events.
title: ATMANE Magdouda
Creators: name: Naït-Zerad, Kamal
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Kabyle
subject: kab

description: Le locuteur, une femme agée de 69 ans appartient à la tribu Illoula Oumalou. Elle est originaire du village Ihamziyen (environ 1 Km d'Abourghès) ; commune d'Illoula Oumalou à Tizi-Ouzou en Algérie.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Redi, Miriam
name: Johnson, Isaac
name: Gerlach, Martin
name: Zia, Leila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80703 Human Information Behaviour
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing

description: The Wikimedia Foundation Research Team shares an update to its 2019 Knowledge Gaps White Paper. We reflect on what we have done and learned so far towards this strategic direction, revisit the research questions in the original white paper, and look to the future of research on this topic.
Different Plant Viruses Induce Changes in Feeding Behavior of Specialist and Generalist Aphids on Common Bean That Are Likely to Enhance Virus Transmission.
Creators: name: Wamonje, Francis O
name: Donnelly, Ruairí
name: Tungadi, Trisna D
name: Murphy, Alex M
name: Pate, Adrienne E
name: Woodcock, Christine
name: Caulfield, John
name: Mutuku, J Musembi
name: Bruce, Toby J A
name: Gilligan, Christopher A
name: Pickett, John A
name: Carr, John P
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Legume
Electrical penetration graph
aphid
Potyvirus
Non-persistent Transmission
Cucumovirus

description: Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) cause serious epidemics in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a vital food security crop in many low-to-medium income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Aphids transmit these viruses "non-persistently," i.e., virions attach loosely to the insects' stylets. Viruses may manipulate aphid-host interactions to enhance transmission. We used direct observation and electrical penetration graph measurements to see if the three viruses induced similar or distinct changes in feeding behaviors of two aphid species, Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae. Both aphids vector BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV but A. fabae is a legume specialist (the dominant species in bean fields) while M. persicae is a generalist that feeds on and transmits viruses to diverse plant hosts. Aphids of both species commenced probing epidermal cells (behavior optimal for virus acquisition and inoculation) sooner on virus-infected plants than on mock-inoculated plants. Infection with CMV was especially disruptive of phloem feeding by the bean specialist aphid A. fabae. A. fabae also experienced mechanical stylet difficulty when feeding on virus-infected plants, and this was also exacerbated for M. persicae. Overall, feeding on virus-infected host plants by specialist and generalist aphids was affected in different ways but all three viruses induced similar effects on each aphid type. Specifically, non-specialist (M. persicae) aphids encountered increased stylet difficulties on plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV, whereas specialist aphids (A. fabae) showed decreased phloem ingestion on infected plants. Probing and stylet pathway activity (which facilitate virus transmission) were not decreased by any of the viruses for either of the aphid species, except in the case of A. fabae on CMV-infected bean, where these activities were increased. Overall, these virus-induced changes in host-aphid interactions are likely to enhance non-persistent virus transmission, and data from this work will be useful in epidemiological modeling of non-persistent vectoring of viruses by aphids.
Abnormal Voxel-Wise Degree Centrality in Patients With Late-Life Depression: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Gong, Hengfen
name: Xu, Hongmin
name: Ding, Qiong
name: He, Naying
name: Huang, Ying
name: Jin, Ying
name: Zhang, Chencheng
name: Voon, Valerie
name: Sun, Bomin
name: Yan, Fuhua
name: Zhan, Shikun
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Resting state
Late-life Depression
Onset Age
Degree Centrality

description: Objectives:Late-life depression (LLD) has negative impacts on somatic, emotional and cognitive domains of the lives of patients. Elucidating the abnormality in the brain networks of LLD patients could help to strengthen the understanding of LLD pathophysiology, however, the studies exploring the spontaneous brain activity in LLD during the resting state remain limited. This study aimed at identifying the voxel-level whole-brain functional connectivity changes in LLD patients. Methods:Fifty patients with late-life depression (LLD) and 33 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to assess the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) changes in the patients. Furthermore, DC was compared between two patient subgroups, the late-onset depression (LOD) and the early-onset depression (EOD). Results:Compared with the healthy controls, LLD patients showed increased DC in the inferior parietal lobule, parahippocampal gyrus, brainstem and cerebellum (p < 0.05, AlphaSim-corrected). LLD patients also showed decreased DC in the somatosensory and motor cortices and cerebellum (p < 0.05, AlphaSim-corrected). Compared with EOD patients, LOD patients showed increased centrality in the superior and middle temporal gyrus and decreased centrality in the occipital region (p < 0.05, AlphaSim-corrected). No significant correlation was found between the DC value and the symptom severity or disease duration in the patients after the correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions:These findings indicate that the intrinsic abnormality of network centrality exists in a wide range of brain areas in LLD patients. LOD patients differ with EOD patients in cortical network centrality. Our study might help to strengthen the understanding of the pathophysiology of LLD and the potential neural substrates underlie related emotional and cognitive impairments observed in the patients.