Cebus unicolor Spix 1823
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Anthony B. Rylands
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Cebidae
Cebus
Cebus unicolor

description: 18.
Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin
Cebus unicolor
French: Sapajou unicolore / German: Spix-Kapuzineraffe / Spanish: Capuchino de Spix
Taxonomy. Cebus unicolor Spix, 1823,
Forests of the Rio Tefé, near its confluence with the Rio Solimoes, Amazonas, Brazil.
Although T. Defler and J. Hernandez-Camacho in 2002 argued that C. unicolor was ajunior synonym of C. albifrons, independent genetic studies by M. Ruiz-Garcia and J. Boubli and their coworkers showed that white-fronted capuchins south of Rio Amazonas-Solimoes are distinct. Morphological and genetic diversity of white fronted capuchins in the south-central Amazon Basin is yet to be investigated. Monotypic.
Distribution. Wide ranging in the upper Brazilian Amazon Basin, S of the Rio Solimoes-Amazonas, W from the Rio Tapajos, through the N of the states of Mato Grosso and Rondonia (at least to 10° S), and the Madeira, Purus, Jurua, and Javari basins to the Rio Ucayali in E Peru. White-fronted capuchins occur in northern Bolivia, S at least to the middle reaches of the Beni and Mamoré in the departments of Pando, Beni, and La Paz, and they are presumed to be Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin. Nevertheless, where distributions of Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin and the Shock-headed Capuchin (C. cuscinus) of the upper Purus and SE Peru meetis not known.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 36.5-37.5 cm, tail 42-46 cm. No specific data are available for body weight. Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin is uniformly bright ocher or grayish-brown (flanks grayer and mid-back darker brown), with a yellowish or creamy-fawn front and reddish-yellow or reddish limbs and tail. The crown is nearly black and ends just behind the brows. There is no white on the front of the shoulders.
Habitat. Lowland terra firma and seasonally inundated forest (varzea) and forest patches in Amazonian savannas.
Food and Feeding. Diet of Spix’s White-fronted Capuchins undoubtedly contains fruits and invertebrate prey. They are particularly partial to mesocarp of fruits from Astrocaryum vulgare and Maximiliana (= Attalea) maripa (Arecaceae).
Breeding. There is no information available for this species.
Activity patterns. There is no information available for this species.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. Groups of 12-16 Spix’s White-fronted Capuchins have been seen near the Rio Aripuana in the northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Population surveys at various sites in the Rio Jurua Basin by C. A. Peres suggested high densities of Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin in four varzea forests: 12-2 ind/km?, 40-1 ind/km?, 44-7 ind/km?, and 48-6 ind/km?. Densities were 4-1— 16-8 ind/km” in eleven terra firma forest sites. On Barro Vermelho Island, densities were 33-1 ind/km? in terra firma forest and 44-7 ind/km? in neighboring varzea forest.
Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [IUCN Red List (as ajunior synonym of C. a. albifrons). Although Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin is hunted for food,it has a large range in the western Amazon Basin, south of the Rio Amazonas-Soliomoes, and there is no reason to believe thatit is threatened.
Bibliography. Boubli et al. (2012), Freese & Oppenheimer (1981), Hershkovitz (1949), Peres (1997a), Ruiz-Garcia, Castillo et al. (2010).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Cebidae, pp. 348-413 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 408, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6628559