Biphallapodema Papp, 2014, gen. n.
Creators: name: Papp, László
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sphaeroceridae
Biphallapodema

description: Biphallapodema gen. n.
(Figs 17–38)
Type species: Biphallapodema polydentata sp. nov., by present designation; additional species: B. oligodentata sp. nov.
Gender: feminine.
Etymology. The name of the new genus refers to the extremely long connections of postgonites to the phallapodeme, which look like a second shorter apodeme at a first glance under the true phallapodeme.
Diagnosis. Small terricolous flies with peculiar male genitalia. Base of postgonite connected to phallapodeme by extremely long hairpin-like flexible black connections, in profile they look like a second phallapodeme. Epandrial complex strongly fused ventrally in the cercal part, most ventrally with a pair of strong caniniform processes, hypandrium strongly fused to epandrium, lateral parts (arms) asymmetrical, medial part short broad and left-side curved, basiphallus ventrally directed, hook-like in profile with an upcurved thinner epiphallus. Sclerotised parts of ducts of spermathecae short, each with a bulbous distal end; spermathecae are not dish-shaped. Body less sclerotised and not granulose. This new genus keys out to Rohacekia L.Papp (couplet 72) or to Spinilimosina (couplet 77) in Papp’s (2008) key. The habitus and male genitalia are much different from Rohacekia (cf. Papp 2008: figs 281–285). Contrary to Spinilimosina the epandrium of the new genus does not bear robust spine-like setae.
Description. Head semiglobular. Inner and outer occipitals particularly strong. Postocellar seta distinct. No inner orbital setae. 2 pairs of fronto-orbitals. 3–4 medium, equally long interfrontal pairs present. Facial plate shiny, oral margin protruding, a flat carina between antennal bases well developed. No upcurved genal seta. First flagellomere rounded with a broad dorsal apex.
Thorax. Scutellum concolorous with the brown mesonotum, without additional scutellars. 1 pair of posterior dorsocentral setae, prescutellar acrostichal distinct though only slightly longer than other acrostichal setae. Acrostichal setulae sparse but comparatively long. 2 subequal pair of katepisternal setae present.
Legs. Fore femur with comparatively weak posteroventral setae. Mid coxa with a rather long ventrally directed seta. Mid tibia without a ventral preapical seta, ventro-apical seta strong and with a distinct mid ventral seta. 1 longer seta in the posteroventral row on mid basitarsus. Ventro-apical part of hind tibia indistinct, hind tibia without long setae at all. Claws and pulvilli small.
Wing unicolorous and without microtrichia. Costa sub-basally with a pair of long setae, 0.10–0.11 mm, i.e. much shorter than in Rudolfina; first costal section otherwise with short setae only. Costa not produced beyond apex of R4+5. Radial vein R4+5 strongly bent up, costa reaches just to apex of R4+5.
Abdomen. Abdominal tergite 2 membranous centrally. Preabdominal sternites various but not small: sternite 2 half as broad as corresponding tergite, sternite 4 2/3 as broad as tergite 4. Preabdomen (except for sternite 5) not modified at all.
Male sternite 5 (Figs 21–22, 28–29) rather large with a pair of caudal processes (or a simple broad process), which bear a pair of groups of long parallel pegs (5 to 12 each). Anterior to those pegs a larger field of discoloured sharp setulae present. Synsternite (Fig. 30) with a robust sternite 6 part and a broad but not long sternite 8 part. Epandrial complex (Figs 31–32) strongly fused ventrally (in the cercal part), most ventrally with a pair of strong caniniform processes (Figs 25, 32). Epandrium with only one connection to hypandrium on both sides. Hypandrium (Fig. 31) strongly fused to epandrium, lateral parts (arms) asymmetrical, medial part (“rod”) short broad and left-side curved. Subepandrial sclerite rather weakly sclerotised (Figs 31–32), except for a sagittal narrow sub-quadratic part. Surstylus (Figs 25, 35) comparatively small, compact, without any teeth but with dense medium-long setae. Basiphallus (Figs 24, 26, 34) ventrally directed, hook-like in profile with an upcurved thinner epiphallus. Distiphallus (Figs 24, 26–27, 34) with a pair of dorsal processes and distinct apical structures. Phallapodeme (Figs. 23, 33) extremely long rod-like, its base connected to postgonites through extremely long hairpin-like flexible black connections, which has the appearance of a second phallapodeme. Postgonite (Figs 23– 24, 34) large and broad.
Female epiproct large round, cercus normal or slightly elongated with some long setae; spermathecae (Figs 27, 38) various, but sclerotised ducts are very short with a comparatively large bulb distally.
description: Published as part of Papp, László, 2014, New genera of Afrotropical limosinine sphaerocerids (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae), pp. 101-130 in Zootaxa 3764 (2) on pages 105-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/227668