cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analytical constraints on bimetric gravity
Creators: name: Högås, Marcus
name: Mörtsell, Edvard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ghost-free bimetric gravity is an extension of general relativity, featuring a massive spin-2 field coupled to gravity. We parameterize the theory with a set of observables having specific physical interpretations. For the background cosmology and the static, spherically symmetric solutions (for example approximating the gravitational potential of the solar system), there are four directions in the parameter space in which general relativity is approached. Requiring that there is a working screening mechanism and a nonsingular evolution of the Universe, we place analytical constraints on the parameter space which rule out many of the models studied in the literature. Cosmological solutions where the accelerated expansion of the Universe is explained by the dynamical interaction of the massive spin-2 field rather than by a cosmological constant, are still viable.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures + appendices. Version 2, slight modifications in accordance with the published version
B and I-band optical micro-variability observations of the BL Lac objects S5 2007+777 and 3C371
Creators: name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Papadakis, I. E.
name: Boumis, P.
name: Dapergolas, A.
name: Alikakos, J.
name: Papamastorakis, J.
name: Smith, N.
name: Goudis, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed S5 2007+777 and 3C371 in the B and I bands for 13 and 8 nights, respectively, during various observing runs in 2001, 2002 and 2004. The observations resulted in almost evenly sampled light curves, 6-9 hours long. We do not detect any flares within the observed light curves, but we do observe small amplitude, significant variations, in both bands, on time scales of hours and days. The average variability amplitude on time scales of minutes/hours is 2.5% and 1-1.5% in the case of S5 2007+777 and 3C371, respectively. The average amplitudes increase to 5-12% and 4-6%, respectively, on time scales of days. We find that the B and I band variations are highly correlated, on both short and long time scales. During the 2004 observations, which resulted in the longest light curves, we observe two well defined flux-decay and rising trends in the light curves of both objects. When the flux decays, we observe significant delays, with the B band flux decaying faster than the flux in the I band. As a result, we also observe significant, flux related spectral variations as well. The flux-spectral relation is rather complicated, with loop-like structures forming during the flux evolution. The presence of spectral variations imply that the observed variability is not caused by geometric effects. On the other hand, our results are fully consistent with the hypothesis that the observed variations are caused by perturbations which affect different regions in the jet of the sources.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Characterization of glass surfaces by X-ray reflectivity
Creators: name: Anderson, Olaf
name: Bange, Klaus
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: Surfaces of soda-lime and borosilicate glasses produced by the float technique as well as polished BK-7, fused silica and aluminosilicate glasses are investigated by means of grazing incidence X-ray reflectometry Thin layers are found at all surfaces with properties which differ significantly from the bulk properties of the respective material. Fused silica surfaces exhibit a hydrated layer with a thickness of approximately 17 nm and a slightly reduced density Α thin leached layer with a density of approximately 2 g*cm⁻³ is analyzed on BK 7 glass. Α variadon in the rms roughness between 0.7 and 1.5 nm is found for aluminosilicate glasses depending on the polishing procedure. Pronounced differences are obtained between the air and the tin bath side of soda-lime float glass, whereas for borosilicate float glass only small differences in density between the two sides of the glass are measurable. The evolution of the initial stages of corrosion is demonstrated on soda-lime glass in dependence on the storage time.
Regge behaviour of distribution functions and t and x-evolutions of gluon distribution function at low-x
Creators: name: Jamil, U.
name: Sarma, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper t and x-evolutions of gluon distribution function from Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi(DGLAP) evolution equation in leading order(LO) at low-x, assuming the Regge behaviour of quark and gluon at this limit, are presented. We compare our results of gluon distribution function with MRST 2001, MRST 2004 and GRV '98 parameterizations and show the compatibility of Regge behaviour of quark and gluon distribution functions with perturbative quantum chromodynamics(PQCD) at low-x. We also discuss the limitations of Taylor series expansion method used earlier to solve DGLAP evolution equations, in the Regge behaviour of distribution functions.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Note on Tsallis holographic dark energy in Brans-Dicke cosmology
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this comment, we have investigated that the power law variation of Brans-Dicke scalar field $(ϕ)$ with scale factor $(a)$ is not validated by field equations in general for the Universe filled with dark matter and Tsallis type holographic dark energy. However, for specific choice of free parameters $(ω= -\frac{3}{2}\;\; \&\;\; n = -1)$ which are differ from its values fixed in Ghaffari et al \textcolor{blue}{[Ghaffari et al. Euro. Phys. J. C \textbf{78}, 706 (2018)]} to describe various physical properties of the Universe in derived model, the power law variation of $ϕ$ with $a$ leads to consistent results. Further, we notice that the energy conservation law for Tsallis holographic dark energy in Brans-Dicke gravity does not hold.
description: 4 Pages, Minor revision in EPJC
Modifications to Chevron N-Layer Computer Program
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Cain, David
name: Mayes, Jesse G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report documents changes made to the Chevron N-layer computer program to:      Include superposition principles.     Calculate strain energy density (or work) at specified locations within the pavement structure.     Analyze pavement response at specified radii from one circularly loaded area to permit comparison of analyses by the program as originally written with results incorporating superposition principles.     Evaluate pavement response to any combination of loads on circular areas defined by XY coordinates on the surface. Loads and contact pressures are permitted to be different from one loaded area to another, but must be constant for any one loaded area.     Simulate dynamic loads as the difference between the root mean squares of the maximum and minimum dynamic loads. This analysis is appropriate for constant vibratory testers such as Road Raters and Dynaflects. Moduli of asphaltic concrete must be adjusted for frequency effects.
Investigations into the existence of hexavalent chromium in industrial glasses
Creators: name: Dusdorf, Wolfgang
name: Müller-Simon, Hayo
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: In several melting experiments the existence of hexavalent chromium in soda-lime-silica glasses depending on the oxidation conditions and the presence of iron have been investigated by means of a recently proposed wet chemical analysis procedure. The observed dependence of the concentraüon of hexavalent chromium on the iron content can be explained by means of an electron exchange between iron and chromium during cooling. The results have been applied to the conditions of industrial glass melting. Under sufficiently reducing conditions and high portions of iron the existence of hexavalent chromium can be excluded. These conditions are fulfilled for all commercial container glasses investigated.
Pavement Designs Based on Work
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Thickness design curves presented in the report provide a systematic methodology for the selection of equivalent pavement designs for a broad range of layered systems. This is a unified system since the failure criteria are founded on the same concept of work strain and work. The analyses of stress-strain fields in the layered systems are based on elastic layered theory. This theory is represented by the Chevron N-layered computer program.  The report also summarizes the historical development and evolution of pavement design in Kentucky.
A new method to create initially mass segregated star clusters in virial equilibrium
Creators: name: Subr, L.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Baumgardt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass segregation stands as one of the most robust features of the dynamical evolution of self-gravitating star clusters. In this paper we formulate parametrised models of mass segregated star clusters in virial equilibrium. To this purpose we introduce mean inter-particle potentials for statistically described unsegregated systems and suggest a single-parameter generalisation of its form which gives a mass-segregated state. We describe an algorithm for construction of appropriate star cluster models. Their stability over several crossing-times is verified by following the evolution by means of direct N-body integration.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neurotrophins and the neuronal response to axotomy
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Nao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Unlike facial motoneurons (FMNs), which successfully regenerate after axotomy, rubrospinal neurons (RSNs) undergo a marked atrophy in the second week following cervical axotomy. This delayed atrophy is accompanied by a decline in the expression of regeneration associated genes (RAGs), such as GAP-43 and Ta1-tubulin, which are initially elevated after injury. This observation correlates with the growth of only a small percentage of rubrospinal axons into the permissive environment of a peripheral nerve (PN) implanted into the cord at the level of transection. After low thoracic axotomy, there is no increase in RAG expression which also correlates with complete failure of rubrospinal to regenerate into a PN transplant. The overall hypothesis is that these contrasting outcomes are attributed to differences in availability of trophic support between axotomized FMNs and RSNs. Due to their central roles in the nervous system, this thesis focuses on neurotrophins and their receptors. In situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction reveal that intact FMNs as well as RSNs express receptor tyrosine kinase(trk) B, a receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin(NT)-4/5, and low level of trkC, a preferred receptor for NT-3, but little trkA. After facial nerve transection, FMNs markedly increase the expression of BDNF and trkB. Whereas this increase is not seen in RSNs after cervical axotomy, supporting the concept that axotomized RSNs receive limited trophic support. These observations lead to the further hypothesis that axotomized RSNs will be responsive to exogenous application of BDNF, NT4/5 or NT-3 based on the trk receptor expression profiles. Application of BDNF or NT-4/5 fully prevents atrophy of RSNs and a decline in the expression of GAP-43 and Ta1-tubulin after cervical injury. Moreover, there is a 3 fold increase in numbers of regenerating RSNs into the PN transplants. Even after thoracic axotomy, BDNF infusion stimulates the expression of GAP-43 and Ta-1 tubulin and overcomes the complete failure of RSNs to regenerate into the PN transplants. This thesis supports the concept that application of an appropriate trophic factor promotes regenerative propensity of injured CNS neurons and provides insights for a development of therapeutic strategies after spinal cord injury.
Atomistic theory of electronic and optical properties of InAs/InP self-assembled quantum dots on patterned substrates
Creators: name: Sheng, Weidong
name: Hawrylak, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a atomistic theory of electronic structure and optical properties of a single InAs quantum dot grown on InP patterned substrate. The spatial positioning of individual dots using InP nano-templates results in a quantum dot embedded in InP pyramid. The strain distribution of a quantum dot in InP pyramid is calculated using the continuum elasticity theory. The electron and valence hole single-particle states are calculated using atomistic effective-bond-orbital model with second nearest-neighbor interactions, coupled to strain via Bir-Pikus Hamiltonian. The optical properties are determined by solving many-exciton Hamiltonian for interacting electron and hole complexes using the configuration-interaction method. The effect of positioning of quantum dots using nanotemplate on their optical spectra is determined by a comparison with dots on unpatterned substrates, and with experimental results. The possibility of tuning the quantum dot properties with varying the nano-template is explored.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures
Hardness and flow behaviour of glass in the nanometre range - An Interpretation of the load dependence of the hardness
Creators: name: Meinhard, Holger
name: Grau, Peter
name: Berg, Gunnar
name: Mosch, Susan
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: The flow behaviour of glass was investigated by Vickers hardness indentation technique with Variation of the deformation rate by six Orders of magnitude. The hardness tests were carried out on commercial sheet glass with three different loading regimes. Α general flow equation in form of a power law was used to describe the deformation behaviour of the materials. The influences of loading mode and deformation rate on the parameters of this law were investigated. An essential result of this work is that the load and Penetration depth dependence of the hardness, respectively, the so-called indentation size effect, is an inevitability of the special methodology of the indentation technique during deformation of strain rate-sensitive materials.
Design and Practical Evaluation of the PVT Concentrator System Concept
Creators: name: Okhorzina, Alena
name: Bikbulatov, Alexander
name: Yurchenko, Alexey
name: Dinh, Wang Tai
name: Mekhtiev, Ali
name: Alkina, Aliya
name: Khidolda, Yerkin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: PVT Systems
subject: Thermal Performance
subject: DDC::500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: The purpose of this work is to propose a novel and effective photovoltaic-thermal hybrid solar system (PVT) with thermal and electrical output for small households. Such design allows the use of standard industrial photovoltaic modules in areas with low solar irradiation. The base of the system is a parabolic solar concentrator that increases the density of an irradiation flow on the photovoltaic module surface. To prevent the system from damage caused by overheating, redundant thermal energy can be used in a house heating system or should be removed by a cooler, boiler, etc. The proof of concept has been realized as a standalone PVT system with thermal and electrical output and successfully tested under natural conditions.
Demonstration of electron cooling using a pulsed beam from an electrostatic electron cooler
Creators: name: Bruker, M. W.
name: Benson, S.
name: Hutton, A.
name: Jordan, K.
name: Powers, T.
name: Rimmer, R.
name: Satogata, T.
name: Sy, A.
name: Wang, H.
name: Wang, S.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Ma, F.
name: Li, J.
name: Ma, X. M.
name: Mao, L. J.
name: Sha, X. P.
name: Tang, M. T.
name: Yang, J. C.
name: Yang, X. D.
name: Zhao, H.
name: Zhao, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooling of hadron beams is critically important in the next generation of hadron storage rings for delivery of unprecedented performance. One such application is the electron-ion collider presently under development in the US. The desire to develop electron coolers for operation at much higher energies than previously achieved necessitates the use of radio-frequency (RF) fields for acceleration as opposed to the conventional, electrostatic approach. While electron cooling is a mature technology at low energy utilizing a DC beam, RF acceleration requires the cooling beam to be bunched, thus extending the parameter space to an unexplored territory. It is important to experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of cooling with electron bunches and further investigate how the relative time structure of the two beams affects the cooling properties; thus, a set of four pulsed-beam cooling experiments was carried out by a collaboration of Jefferson Lab and Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). The experiments have successfully demonstrated cooling with a beam of electron bunches in both the longitudinal and transverse directions for the first time. We have measured the effect of the electron bunch length and longitudinal ion focusing strength on the temporal evolution of the longitudinal and transverse ion beam profile and demonstrate that if the synchronization can be accurately maintained, the dynamics are not adversely affected by the change in time structure.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
The SPL-Fréjus physics potential
Creators: name: Campagne, J. -E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optimization of the CERN-SPL beam line has been performed which leads to better sensitivities to the $θ\_{13}$ mixing angle and to the $δ\_{CP}$ violating phase than those advocated considering baseline scenario.
description: to be published in Nuclear Physics B (Proceedings Supplement)
Angursa lanceolata Renaud-Mornant 1981
Creators: name: Trokhymchuk, Roman
name: Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas
name: Utevsky, Serge
name: Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg
name: Kieneke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Arthrotardigrada
Halechiniscidae
Angursa
Angursa lanceolata

description: Angursa lanceolata Renaud-Mornant, 1981
N= 36 specimens occurrence: ANDEEP I, III, ANDEEP-SYSTCO; 1,927–5,213 m bsl.
Fig. 9 C; Supplementary Table 1.8
Short description
Angursa with slender body (101–150 µm long, 15.7–24.0 µm width, n=4) and primary clavae shorter than cirri A. Secondary and tertiary clavae present. Elongated leg IV sensory organs. Cirri E with lance-shaped ending.
Remarks
A. lanceolata belongs to the A. lanceolata group with primary clavae shorter than cirri A (Fujimoto & Hansen 2019). Species with easily recognisable lance-shaped cirri E (Renaud-Mornant, 1981).
description: Published as part of Trokhymchuk, Roman, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas, Utevsky, Serge, Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg & Kieneke, Alexander, 2024, Towards a better understanding of deep-sea tardigrade biogeography: numerous new records from the Southern Ocean, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 5543 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5543.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14385085
Do Abstractions Have Politics? Toward a More Critical Algorithm Analysis
Creators: name: Lin, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2

description: The expansion of computer science (CS) education in K--12 and higher-education in the United States has prompted deeper engagement with equity that moves beyond inclusion toward a more critical CS education. Rather than frame computing as a value-neutral tool, a justice-centered approach to equitable CS education draws on critical pedagogy to ensure the rightful presence of political struggles by emphasizing the development of not only knowledge and skills but also CS disciplinary identities. While recent efforts have integrated ethics into several areas of the undergraduate CS curriculum, critical approaches for teaching data structures and algorithms in particular are undertheorized. Basic Data Structures remains focused on runtime-centered algorithm analysis. We argue for affordance analysis, a more critical algorithm analysis based on an affordance account of value embedding. Drawing on critical methods from science and technology studies, philosophy of technology, and human-computer interaction, affordance analysis examines how the design of computational abstractions such as data structures and algorithms embody affordances, which in turn embody values with political consequences. We illustrate 5 case studies of how affordance analysis refutes social determination of technology, foregrounds the limitations of data abstractions, and implicates the design of algorithms in disproportionately distributing benefits and harms to particular social identities within the matrix of domination.
description: Position paper in the 6th IEEE STCBP Conference on Research in Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology (RESPECT); 5 pages
Chemical surface and thin film analysis in glass coating
Creators: name: Oechsner, Hans
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: After a short overview of recent analytical techniques for compositional surface analysis and the determination of concentration depth profiles, the principle, the Instrumentation and the Performance of the routinely used electron spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods, namely photo- and Auger electron spectroscopy as well as secondary ion and secondary neutral mass spectrometry, are described. The application of these techniques to electrically insulating surfaces and layer structures is particularly emphasized by corresponding practical examples. Secondary neutral mass spectrometry is specifically addressed with regard to the potentialities of the novel high-frequency mo d e of electron-gas secondary neutral mass spectrometry for quantitative composition analysis and high-resolution depth profiling of electrically nonconducting sample structures.
title: Εφαρμογή αισθητήρων οπτικών ινών σε βιομηχανικά περιβάλλοντα
title: Application of fiber optic sensors in industrial environments
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Κυριακάκη, Ειρήνη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Aισθητήρας
Oπτική ίνα
Αισθητήρας Οπτικών ινών
Βιομηχανία
Βιομηχανικά περιβάλλοντα

description: Στην σύγχρονη εποχή, οι αισθητήρες οπτικών ινών παίζουν καίριο ρόλο στην καθημερινότητά μας, καθώς και έχουν κατακτήσει τους περισσότερους τομείς τής Βιομηχανίας. Η εφεύρεση και η εγκαθίδρυσή τους, οφείλονται στην ανάγκη κάλυψης σημαντικών προβλημάτων που ξεκίνησαν να προκύπτουν, εξαιτίας τής ανεπάρκειας και της αδυναμίας των απλών συμβατικών αισθητήρων να ανταπεξέλθουν σε ποικίλες εφαρμογές της Βιομηχανίας, δυσκολεύοντας την διεκπεραίωση των διαφόρων διεργασιών. Στόχος τής παρούσας εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση της τεχνολογίας των αισθητήρων οπτικών ινών, με σκοπό την κατανόηση της προέλευσής τους, της δομής τους και των αρχών λειτουργίας τους, εστιάζοντας στις εφαρμογές τους σε διάφορα βιομηχανικά περιβάλλοντα, καθώς και στις υπηρεσίες που παρέχουν στο εκάστοτε πεδίο εφαρμογής τους. Κατ’ αρχάς, θα ξεκινήσουμε με την παρουσίαση του αισθητήρα, εξετάζοντας την σημασία του, καθώς και την δομή και την τοποθέτησή του ως επιμέρους οντότητα ενός συστήματος, με απλά παραδείγματα. Επίσης, θα αναφερθούμε στις ποικίλες υπηρεσίες που προσφέρει στα κυριότερα πεδία εφαρμογής στην Βιομηχανία. Έπειτα, θα προχωρήσουμε με την μελέτη τής οπτικής ίνας, αναλύοντας την έννοια και την δομή της, καθώς και την θέση της σε ένα σύστημα ή δίκτυο. Επιπροσθέτως, θα εξετάσουμε τις ιδιότητές της, και θα παρουσιάσουμε συνοπτικά τις υπηρεσίες που προσφέρει στην Βιομηχανία. Στην συνέχεια, θα μελετήσουμε διεξοδικά τον αισθητήρα οπτικών ινών, ξεκινώντας με την παρουσίαση της προέλευσής του, καθώς και την ιστορία τής σύζευξης των δύο προαναφερθεισών τεχνολογιών που τον δημιούργησαν. Επίσης, θα εξετάσουμε την δομή και την τοποθέτησή του ως μέρος ενός συστήματος, καθώς και θα αναλύσουμε λεπτομερώς τις αρχές λειτουργίας του. Έπειτα, θα εστιάσουμε στις υπηρεσίες που παρέχει σε ποικίλους τομείς τής Βιομηχανίας, καθώς και την πληθώρα πλεονεκτημάτων που διαθέτει. Τέλος, θα συνοψίσουμε, ανακεφαλαιώνοντας τις πληροφορίες και τις γνώσεις που συλλέξαμε από τα προηγούμενα κεφάλαια, καθώς και παρουσιάζοντας συνοπτικά τις μελλοντικές προοπτικές για τους αισθητήρες οπτικών ινών.
The 2MASS Wide-Field T Dwarf Search. V. Discovery of a T Dwarf via Methane Imaging
Creators: name: Ellis, S. C.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: McElwain, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a T dwarf, 2M2151-4853, via differential imaging through methane filters. The filters are designed to highlight the strong absorption in the H band, due to methane found in the atmospheres of T dwarfs, and provide a very efficient means of searching for them. Subsequent J and H band spectroscopy confirms 2M2151-4853 as a T dwarf of type T4.5. It has an estimated spectrophotometric distance of 18 +/- 3 pc, and an estimated tangential velocity of v=50 +/- 10 km/s.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Privacy-Sovereign Interaction : Enabling Privacy-Sovereignty for End-Users in the Digital Era
Creators: name: Marky, Karola
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: As a result of the ongoing digitization, people are increasingly interacting with digital data. Since these data can contain sensitive personal information, the privacy of users plays a central role in the digitization. However, current technologies often do not reflect the capabilities and knowledge of their users sufficiently or do not offer options for individual privacy protection. As a result, users can be overwhelmed when trying to enforce personal privacy preferences or can have difficulties making privacy decisions. Consequently, the privacy-sovereignty of users in the digital world is limited. This thesis investigates mechanisms and principles that enable users to interact sovereignly in the digital world in the scope of information privacy. The three main contributions of this thesis are as follows: The first main contribution explores privacy protection through two-factor authentication. First, user experiences and preferences are captured in an interview study. Based on the results, requirements for usable and customizable two-factor authentication are described. A concept for two-factor authentication utilizing individualizable 3D-printed objects is developed, implemented, and evaluated to realize these requirements. The second main contribution explores individual verifiability of private data in the context of Internet voting. First, a categorization of existing cryptographic schemes that particularly considers voters is developed. Then, the categories of schemes are evaluated in a user study. Interface realizations of the category that performed best in this investigation are evaluated in more depth and refined in three consecutive studies. The third main contribution deals with the data of people in environments that are equipped with IoT devices. First, individual perceptions and mental models of privacy in these environments are examined. Based on this, a concept for personal privacy assistance based on privacy profiles is presented and investigated in a large scale study. All contributions were specifically investigated in the context of privacy-sovereign interaction. The results presented in this thesis are empirically supported by fifteen studies.
Heart rate variability analysis in sport
Creators: name: Makivic, Bojan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110699 Human Movement and Sports Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Heart rate variability (HRV) represents variations between consecutive heart beats (beat to beat or R-R interval) over time (Figure 1). This beat to beat variation in heart rhythm is considered normal and even desirable. Disappearance of variations between consecutive heart beats is a result of autonomic dysfunction which can be associated with neurological, cardiovascular and psychiatric disease states1. There is a large body of evidence reporting that higher variability of heart rhythm is associated with reduced mortality 2,3, improved quality of life4 and better physical fitness5. The most common use of HRV analysis is in risk prediction and prevention of heart failure6,7.
Χρήσεις της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας στις ασφαλιστικές επιχειρήσεις - Η εκτίμηση ρίσκου και η κατάρτιση προφίλ πελατών, παρόν και μέλλον νομικό και ηθικό ζήτημα των ασφαλιστικών επιχειρήσεων
Creators: name: Κουρκούτα, Γεωργία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός,
subject: Ασφαλιστικές επιχειρήσεις
subject: Κατάρτιση προφίλ
subject: AML/FT
subject: GDPR
subject: Blockchain
subject: Big data analytics
subject: Τεχνητή νοημοσύνη
subject: Internet of Things
subject: Ψηφιακή ηθική

description: H παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται τη χρήση των ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών στις ασφαλιστικές επιχειρήσεις καθώς και την εκτίμηση κινδύνου και την κατάρτιση προφίλ πελατών υπό το πρίσμα εθνικού και ενωσιακού δικαίου. Για συστημικούς λόγους, χωρίζεται σε τρία κεφάλαια. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο επιχειρείται να αποδοθεί όσο το δυνατόν ευκρινέστερα η εικόνα για τον ψηφιακό μετασχηματισμό στις ασφαλιστικές επιχειρήσεις. Γίνεται μία εισαγωγή στην έννοια του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού, στη λειτουργία των ασφαλιστικών επιχειρήσεων και στην μέχρι σήμερα επιρροή της από αυτόν καθώς και μία συγκεντρωτική, θεωρητική αναφορά των νομικών ζητημάτων και των ηθικών προκλήσεων που αφορούν την ασφαλιστική οικονομία των δεδομένων. Εν συνεχεία ακολουθεί το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, χωριζόμενο σε επιμέρους κεφάλαια, το οποίο αποτελείται από τις πιο πολυσυζητημένες καινοτομίες της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας (Blockchain, Internet of Things και Big Data αντιστοίχως). Σε καθένα από τα υποκεφάλαια γίνεται απόπειρα να παρουσιαστεί η εκάστοτε τεχνολογία καθώς και η χρήση της (υπάρχουσα ή προσδοκώμενη) στις ασφαλιστικές επιχειρήσεις. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο αφορά την Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη, η οποία, λόγω της άμεσης σύνδεσής της με την προαναφερθείσα εκτίμηση ρίσκου και κατάρτιση προφίλ τίθεται χωριστά από τις υπόλοιπες ψηφιακές τεχνολογίες. Αναλύονται κυρίως εισαγωγικές και βασικές πληροφορίες για την Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη, γίνεται ειδική μνεία για την κατάρτιση προφίλ μέσω αλγορίθμων και την χρήση στον χρηματοπιστωτικό τομέα, με παράλληλη παράθεση παραδειγμάτων από τη νομολογία και γίνεται απόπειρα παρουσίασης των ορίων που θα πρέπει να τηρούνται σε αυτή βάσει εθνικών και ενωσιακών νόμων. Μετά την ανάλυση αυτή, ακολουθεί παρενθετικά υποενότητα στην οποία παρουσιάζονται σκέψεις ως προς το αν η Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη και ο αλγόριθμος μπορεί να συμβαδίσει με την ηθική και την δικαιοσύνη καθώς και την ισορροπία που χρειάζεται ανάμεσα στην προστασία του καταναλωτή και την προστασία του επιχειρείν από την πλευρά των επιχειρήσεων με γνώμονα τον μετασχηματισμό και στο πεδίο του ανταγωνισμού προς μία πράσινη οικονομία, μεταβολή άμεσα συνδεόμενη με τον ψηφιακό μετασχηματισμό. Ακολουθεί ο επίλογος και οι βιβλιογραφικές παραπομπές.
title: Distributed Trajectory Clustering of Vessel AIS Data
title: Κατανεμημένη Συσταδοποίηση Τροχιών Σκαφών από Δεδομένα Συστήματος Αυτόματης Αναγνώρισης (AIS)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Στεφανόπουλος, Σταμάτης
name: Stefanopoulos, Stamatis
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Τροχιές κινούμενων αντικειμένων
subject: Συσταδοποίηση
subject: Μεγάλα δεδομένα
subject: Εξόρυξη γνώσης
subject: Moving object trajectories
subject: Clustering
subject: Big data
subject: Data mining

description: Μ.Δ.Ε. 115
description: Trajectory clustering is an important problem, where position data of mobile objects, such as vehicles and vessels, is analyzed to extract knowledge that is later utilized for a plethora of management tasks. Recently, a vast increase in the production of data gathering devices has taken place, allowing the collection of data in much larger volumes. This challenges the application of existing clustering algorithms, as they are not always able to handle large datasets due to their design. In particular, TRACLUS is one of the most well-known trajectory clustering algorithms that is a generalization of DBSCAN for trajectory line segments. However, due to the iterative approach and the repetitive usage of a spatial index inherited from DBSCAN, TRACLUS’s performance degrades as the datasets increase in size and its execution might be extremely slow in some cases. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose a distributed implementation of TRACLUS, built on Apache Spark, that can operate on very large datasets by applying different types of partitioning to the input data: spatial partitioning, which splits the data taking into account its spatial distribution and random partitioning, which randomly splits the dataset into balanced subsets without considering spatial criteria. Results from an empirical evaluation on real-world trajectories illustrate that our proposed distributed variants achieve improved runtime performance without jeopardizing the quality of the results and the clustering efficiency.
Debiasing Committee Composition and Deliverable Processes
Creators: name: Schmidt, Ruth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: research assessment
assessment reform
deliberative bias

description: It is generally recognized that more diverse decision-making panels make better decisions: including more perspectives reduces bias, increases transparency, and exposes more individuals to how decisions are made. But old habits die hard, and increasing the diversity of committees demands behavioral change. Here are some strategies that can help. Debiasing Committee Composition and Deliberative Processes is a one-page brief that identifies strategies for including more perspectives and reducing biases in the evaluation processes for hiring, promotion, tenure, and funding decisions. This tool includes ideas for building trust through transparency, taking a portfolio view to decision-making, fostering a diversity of opinion that invites all viewpoints, and expanding possibilities beyond historical norms. This
description: Developed with DORA under Project TARA (Tools to Advance Research Assessment) and funded by Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin
Photon transport in a Bose-Hubbard chain of superconducting artificial atoms
Creators: name: Fedorov, G. P.
name: Remizov, S. V.
name: Shapiro, D. S.
name: Pogosov, W. V.
name: Egorova, E.
name: Tsitsilin, I.
name: Andronik, M.
name: Dobronosova, A. A.
name: Rodionov, I. A.
name: Astafiev, O. V.
name: Ustinov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate non-equilibrium steady-state photon transport through a chain of five coupled artificial atoms simulating the driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard model. Using transmission spectroscopy, we show that the system retains many-particle coherence despite being coupled strongly to two open spaces. We show that system energy bands may be visualized with high contrast using cross-Kerr interaction. For vanishing disorder, we observe the transition of the system from the linear to the nonlinear regime of photon blockade in excellent agreement with the input-output theory. Finally, we show how controllable disorder introduced to the system suppresses this non-local photon transmission. We argue that proposed architecture may be applied to analog simulation of many-body Floquet dynamics with even larger arrays of artificial atoms paving an alternative way to demonstration of quantum supremacy
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material
Citizen Science Participation Roadmap
Creators: name: A.L. Janssen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This tool is meant for anyone who wants to increase participation in a citizen science project. It supports developing strategies for increasing participation, as well as practical advice on how to implement these strategies. This tool was developed by DRIFT for transitions in the context of the ACTION project, supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 824603. We would like to thank our first and second cohort of pilots for their contributions: InMyBackyard, NoiseMaps, Sonic Kayaks, WowNature, CiticomPlastic, Water for Future, Water Sentinels, Open Soil Atlas, MappingMobility, Restart workbench, and Walk Up Aniene.
The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: The Red Sequence AGN Fraction and its Environment and Redshift Dependence
Creators: name: Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.
name: Croton, Darren J.
name: Yan, Renbin
name: Cooper, Michael C.
name: Newman, Jeffery A.
name: Georgakakis, Antonis
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Davis, Marc
name: Nandra, Kirpal
name: Coil, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the dependence of the AGN fraction on local environment at z~1, using spectroscopic data taken from the DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey, and Chandra X-ray data from the All-Wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey (AEGIS). To provide a clean sample of AGN we restrict our analysis to the red sequence population; this also reduces additional colour-environment correlations. We find evidence that high redshift LINERs in DEEP2 tend to favour higher density environments relative to the red population from which they are drawn. In contrast, Seyferts and X-ray selected AGN at z~1 show little (or no) environmental dependencies within the same underlying population. We compare these results with a sample of local AGN drawn from the SDSS. Contrary to the high redshift behaviour, we find that both LINERs and Seyferts in the SDSS show a slowly declining red sequence AGN fraction towards high density environments. Interestingly, at z~1 red sequence Seyferts and LINERs are approximately equally abundant. By z~0, however, the red Seyfert population has declined relative to the LINER population by over a factor of 7. We speculate on possible interpretations of our results.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Η επιρροή της διατροφής στην μικροβιακή χλωρίδα του εντέρου
title: Τhe influence of nutrition on the microbial flora of the intestines
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μπούτσης, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Eντερικό μικροβίωμα
Διατροφή
Eντερική μικροχλωρίδα

description: Το εντερικό μικροβίωμα είναι γνωστό ότι αποτελείται από έναν πληθυσμό μικροοργανισμών οι οποίοι εγκαθιδρύονται στο έντερο. Αυτό όμως που αποτελεί μέχρι σήμερα μυστήριο είναι οι λειτουργίες και οι μηχανισμοί πίσω από αυτό το μικροβίωμα. Κατόπιν μελετών ,υποστηρίζεται ότι το εντερικό μικροβίωμα αναπτύσσεται ταυτόχρονα με τον άνθρωπο. Δηλαδή, όσο μεγαλώνει ο άνθρωπος τόσο πιο ποικιλόμορφο και διαφορετικό μικροβίωμα θα έχει. Το περιβάλλον, το φύλο, η διατροφή, ο τρόπος ζωής και τα φάρμακα επηρεάζουν περαιτέρω το εντερικό μικροβίωμα. Υποστηρίζεται ακόμη ότι η εντερική μικροχλωρίδα συνδέεται άμεσα με την υγεία του οργανισμού. Το εντερικό μικροβίωμα αναφέρεται ότι έχει έναν ανοσοπροστατευτικό ρόλο προστατεύοντας έτσι τον οργανισμό από παθογόνους μικροοργανισμούς και ποικίλους άλλους εισβολείς οι οποίοι μπορούν να επηρεάσουν αρνητικά την υγεία του ανθρώπου. Αποτελεί δηλαδή έναν φραγμό έναντι διαφόρων λοιμώξεων ,με στόχο την προστασία του οργανισμού. Αν όμως το εντερικό μικροβίωμα στερείται από ωφέλιμους μικροοργανισμούς και επικρατεί μια εντερική δυσβίωση ,τότε αυτός ο φραγμός δεν λειτουργεί σωστά αφήνοντας τον οργανισμό εκτεθειμένο σε διάφορες ασθένειες.
Game ranching in Machakos District, Kenya : an application of mathematical programming to the study of wildlife policy
Creators: name: Kinyua, Patrick Irungu Dishon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study employed a bioeconomic, mathematical programming model to analyse ranch resources allocation among cattle and game animals, and Kenya's wildlife conservation and game harvesting policies. The objective function was comprised of discounted net income flows over 30 periods of 6-months each (15 years) and was optimised subject to the population dynamics (modeled as logistic growth functions), initial animal populations and institutional constraints (Kenya Wildlife Service policies). Game animal harvests were modelled as decay functions, while carrying capacity in the logistic growth models is a function of rainfall. Cattle population is modelled as a linear difference equation. Simulation results show that abandoning the earlier preservation policy that placed the burden of wildlife conservation on private landowners was a good decision. If continued, the pre-1989 game animal preservation policy would likely not only dissipate available rent, but also extinguish non-competitive animal species, thus making this policy economically unfavorable and biologically unsustainable. After 1989, ranchers were granted (limited) user rights to wildlife, but wildlife ownership continued to reside with the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS). In this study various ways in which KWS could exercise ownership are examined. The objectives of KWS are to conserve wildlife ungulates while providing appropriate economic incentives to ranchers. The current policy of attaining this objective is by allowing ranchers to harvest a given proportion of the game populations. Simulation results indicate that this policy is non-optimal and only marginally sustainable. When a Shannon biodiversity index is used as a constraint, game conservation was also found to be unsuitable. The biodiversity index can be attained at very low population levels, making its sustainability questionable. A better alternative is constraining the end-period populations to be equal to or greater than initial populations. This policy yields a reasonable net return and is unambiguously sustainable. The best policy, however, combines the end-period constraint with a policy that gives landowners full property rights. Ranchers can use animals in any way they wish. This approach yields a much higher net return than any other policy and is also unambiguously sustainable. A summary of simulation results is provided in the following table. [Table]
Leveraging Audio Gestalt to Predict Media Memorability
Creators: name: Sweeney, Lorin
name: Healy, Graham
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memorability determines what evanesces into emptiness, and what worms its way into the deepest furrows of our minds. It is the key to curating more meaningful media content as we wade through daily digital torrents. The Predicting Media Memorability task in MediaEval 2020 aims to address the question of media memorability by setting the task of automatically predicting video memorability. Our approach is a multimodal deep learning-based late fusion that combines visual, semantic, and auditory features. We used audio gestalt to estimate the influence of the audio modality on overall video memorability, and accordingly inform which combination of features would best predict a given video's memorability scores.
description: 3 pages, 1 Figure, 2 Tables
Experience with an SCR DeNOx plant for container glass furnaces
Creators: name: Schmalhorst, Ekhard
name: Ernas, Teomann
name: Jeschke, Ralph
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: From 1991 to 1994, P LM Münder installed an integrated flue gas treatment system designed to meet the latest environmental Standards and reduce the overall energy consumption. The system consists of four components: a) Α batch preheater was installed on one furnace reducing the energy consumption by 15%. b) Α calcium hydroxide absorption tower and electrostatic precipitator unit reduce acid contaminants as well as particulate emissions for all furnaces well below legal limits. c) Α selective catalytic reduction (SCR) DeNOx plant reduces nitrogen oxide emissions below the legal limit of 500 mg/m^. d) Α waste heat utilization plant generates about 700 kW electricity from the residual heat. The results of the Operation of the SCR DeNOx plant for the years 1995 and 1996 show - there are no operational problems for the DeNOx plant with flue gas of container glass furnaces, - dust problems can be overcome by using dust blowers on a regular basis and additional manual cleaning about once a year, - the deterioration of the catalytic elements is according to the layout calculations, allowing for a life expectancy of about five years and - the overall costs for Installation and operadon of this plant are about D M 3.18/t glass produced.
Mathematical modeling in the glass industry: An overview of status and needs
Creators: name: Choudhary, Manoj K.
name: Huff, Norman T.
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 660

description: The paper presents an overview of mathematical modeling in the field of glass manufacturing. It reviews the principal categories of mathematical models used in the glass industry, examines their current Status, and identifies critical needs in the various areas of mathematical modeling. The segments reviewed include process, environmental, control, property-composition, and molecular models. The paper describes not only gaps in the knowledge in the various segments but also identifies ways in which the models may be made more effective in meeting the needs of the glass industry.