cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
S2S reboot: An argument for greater inclusion of machine learning in subseasonal to seasonal forecasts
Creators: name: Cohen, Judah
name: Coumou, Dim
name: Hwang, Jessica
name: Mackey, Lester
name: Orenstein, Paulo
name: Totz, Sonja
name: Tziperman, Eli
Publisher: name: Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: climate prediction
subject: machine learning
subject: polar vortex
subject: unsupervised learning
subject: 550

description: The discipline of seasonal climate prediction began as an exercise in simple statistical techniques. However, today the large government forecast centers almost exclusively rely on complex fully coupled dynamical forecast systems for their subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) predictions while statistical techniques are mostly neglected and those techniques still in use have not been updated in decades. In this Opinion Article, we argue that new statistical techniques mostly developed outside the field of climate science, collectively referred to as machine learning, can be adopted by climate forecasters to increase the accuracy of S2S predictions. We present an example of where unsupervised learning demonstrates higher accuracy in a seasonal prediction than the state-of-the-art dynamical systems. We also summarize some relevant machine learning methods that are most applicable to climate prediction. Finally, we show by comparing real-time dynamical model forecasts with observations from winter 2017/2018 that dynamical model forecasts are almost entirely insensitive to polar vortex (PV) variability and the impact on sensible weather. Instead, statistical forecasts more accurately predicted the resultant sensible weather from a mid-winter PV disruption than the dynamical forecasts. The important implication from the poor dynamical forecasts is that if Arctic change influences mid-latitude weather through PV variability, then the ability of dynamical models to demonstrate the existence of such a pathway is compromised. We conclude by suggesting that S2S prediction will be most beneficial to the public by incorporating mixed or a hybrid of dynamical forecasts and updated statistical techniques such as machine learning.
What does monogamy in higher powers of a correlation measure mean?
Creators: name: Geetha, P. J.
name: Sudha
name: Devi, A. R. Usha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine here the proposition that all multiparty quantum states can be made monogamous by considering positive integral powers of any quantum correlation measure. With Rajagopal-Rendell quantum deficit as the measure of quantum correlations for symmetric 3-qubit pure states, we illustrate that monogamy inequality is satisfied for higher powers of quantum deficit. We discuss the drawbacks of this inequality in quantification of correlations in the state. We also prove a monogamy inequality in higher powers of classical mutual information and bring out the fact that such inequality need not necessarily imply restricted shareability of correlations. We thus disprove the utility of higher powers of any correlation measure in establishing monogamous nature in multiparty quantum states.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; comments welcome
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1993
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1983-
BSA
Creators: name: Social And Community Planning Research
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2024

description:
Background
The British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey series began in 1983. The series is designed to produce annual measures of attitudinal movements to complement large-scale government surveys that deal largely with facts and behaviour patterns, and the data on party political attitudes produced by opinion polls. One of the BSA's main purposes is to allow the monitoring of patterns of continuity and change, and the examination of the relative rates at which attitudes, in respect of a range of social issues, change over time. Some questions are asked regularly, others less often. Funding for BSA comes from a number of sources (including government departments, the Economic and Social Research Council and other research foundations), but the final responsibility for the coverage and wording of the annual questionnaires rests with NatCen Social Research (formerly Social and Community Planning Research). The BSA has been conducted every year since 1983, except in 1988 and 1992 when core funding was devoted to the British Election Study (BES).

Further information about the series and links to publications may be found on the NatCen Social Research British Social Attitudes webpage.
Single boson exchange representation of the functional renormalization group for strongly interacting many-electron systems
Creators: name: Bonetti, Pietro M.
name: Toschi, Alessandro
name: Hille, Cornelia
name: Andergassen, Sabine
name: Vilardi, Demetrio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reformulation of the functional renormalization group (fRG) for many-electron systems, which relies on the recently introduced single boson exchange (SBE) representation of the parquet equations [Phys. Rev. B 100, 155149 (2019)]. The latter exploits a diagrammatic decomposition, which classifies the contributions to the full scattering amplitude in terms of their reducibility with respect to cutting one interaction line, naturally distinguishing the processes mediated by the exchange of a single boson in the different channels. We apply this idea to the fRG by splitting the one-loop fRG flow equations for the vertex function into SBE contributions and a residual four-point fermionic vertex. Similarly as in the case of parquet solvers, recasting the fRG algorithm in the SBE representation offers both computational and interpretative advantages: the SBE decomposition not only significantly reduces the numerical effort of treating the high-frequency asymptotics of the flowing vertices, but it also allows for a clear physical identification of the collective degrees of freedom at play. We illustrate the advantages of an SBE formulation of fRG-based schemes, by computing through the merger of dynamical mean-field theory and fRG the susceptibilities and the Yukawa couplings of the two-dimensional Hubbard model from weak to strong coupling, for which we also present an intuitive physical explanation of the results. The SBE formulation of the one-loop flow equations paves a promising route for future multiboson and multiloop extensions of fRG-based algorithms.
description: 22 Pages, 18 figures
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1994
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1983-
BSA
Creators: name: Social And Community Planning Research
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2024

description:
Background
The British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey series began in 1983. The series is designed to produce annual measures of attitudinal movements to complement large-scale government surveys that deal largely with facts and behaviour patterns, and the data on party political attitudes produced by opinion polls. One of the BSA's main purposes is to allow the monitoring of patterns of continuity and change, and the examination of the relative rates at which attitudes, in respect of a range of social issues, change over time. Some questions are asked regularly, others less often. Funding for BSA comes from a number of sources (including government departments, the Economic and Social Research Council and other research foundations), but the final responsibility for the coverage and wording of the annual questionnaires rests with NatCen Social Research (formerly Social and Community Planning Research). The BSA has been conducted every year since 1983, except in 1988 and 1992 when core funding was devoted to the British Election Study (BES).

Further information about the series and links to publications may be found on the NatCen Social Research British Social Attitudes webpage.
A Data-Driven Model-Reference Adaptive Control Approach Based on Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Abouheaf, Mohammed
name: Gueaieb, Wail
name: Spinello, Davide
name: Al-Sharhan, Salah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model-reference adaptive systems refer to a consortium of techniques that guide plants to track desired reference trajectories. Approaches based on theories like Lyapunov, sliding surfaces, and backstepping are typically employed to advise adaptive control strategies. The resulting solutions are often challenged by the complexity of the reference model and those of the derived control strategies. Additionally, the explicit dependence of the control strategies on the process dynamics and reference dynamical models may contribute in degrading their efficiency in the face of uncertain or unknown dynamics. A model-reference adaptive solution is developed here for autonomous systems where it solves the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of an error-based structure. The proposed approach describes the process with an integral temporal difference equation and solves it using an integral reinforcement learning mechanism. This is done in real-time without knowing or employing the dynamics of either the process or reference model in the control strategies. A class of aircraft is adopted to validate the proposed technique.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Structure and impact of longitudinal Graduate Medical Education curricula designed to prepare future clinician-educators: A systematic scoping review: BEME Guide No. 74
Creators: name: Yang, Yihan
name: Gielissen, Katherine
name: Brown, Bryan
name: Spak, Judy M.
name: Windish, Donna M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Science Policy

description: Many Graduate Medical Education (GME) programs offer clinician-educator curricula. The specific instructional methods employed and current best practices for clinician-educator curricula are unknown. We aimed to characterize the structure, curriculum content, instructional methods, and outcomes of longitudinal GME clinician-educator curricula. We conducted a scoping review, registered with BEME, by comprehensively searching health science databases and related grey literature from January 2008 to January 2021 for studies involving longitudinal GME curricula aimed to train future clinician-educators. From 9437 articles, 36 unique curricula were included in our review. Most curricula were designed for residents (n = 26) but were heterogeneous in structure, instructional methods, and content. Several curricular themes emerged, including: 1) duration ≥ 12 months, 2) application of theory-based didactics with experiential activities, 3) independent projects, 4) exposure to faculty mentorship and educator communities, 5) strengthening competencies beyond teaching and scholarship, and 6) protected time and funding. Most outcomes were positive and focused on learner satisfaction or behavior change related to scholarly output and career tracking. Curricula in our review included important skills including experiential teaching, scholarly projects, and exposure to educator communities. Future curricula should build on these competencies and include more assessment of learner and program outcomes.
title: Age dependent MRI findings of internal disc structure assessed by a detailed classification method
Creators: name: Luoma, Katariina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Normal variants
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Epidemiology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Aims and objectives Different grading methods have been developed for classifying intervertebral disc degeneration on MRI. The degenerative MRI grades have been originally determined by comparing MRI slices with histological slices on cadaver...
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1995
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1983-
BSA
Creators: name: Social And Community Planning Research
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2024

description:
Background
The British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey series began in 1983. The series is designed to produce annual measures of attitudinal movements to complement large-scale government surveys that deal largely with facts and behaviour patterns, and the data on party political attitudes produced by opinion polls. One of the BSA's main purposes is to allow the monitoring of patterns of continuity and change, and the examination of the relative rates at which attitudes, in respect of a range of social issues, change over time. Some questions are asked regularly, others less often. Funding for BSA comes from a number of sources (including government departments, the Economic and Social Research Council and other research foundations), but the final responsibility for the coverage and wording of the annual questionnaires rests with NatCen Social Research (formerly Social and Community Planning Research). The BSA has been conducted every year since 1983, except in 1988 and 1992 when core funding was devoted to the British Election Study (BES).

Further information about the series and links to publications may be found on the NatCen Social Research British Social Attitudes webpage.
Updating radical ring-opening polymerisation of cyclic ketene acetals from synthesis to degradation
Creators: name: Folini, Jenny
name: Murad, Wigdan
name: Mehner, Fabian
name: Meier, Wolfgang
name: Gaitzsch, Jens
Publisher: name: Oxford : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biodegradation
subject: CKAs
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: Polyesters
subject: RROP
subject: 670

description: Radical ring-opening polymerisation (RROP) of cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) has gained momentum as it yields polyesters as biodegradable polymers from a radical polymerisation. In order to advance the polymerisation, some of its major limitations were addressed in the research presented, focussing on the four mainly used CKAs in modern research on RROP. Monomer synthesis has been updated towards a cobalt/TMSCl-based system that was performed reliably on several monomers at room temperature. Calculations using the density functional theory (DFT) revealed that the ring-opening step is energetically hampered in comparison to a ring-retaining reaction, which explained the challenges faced to promote the ring-opening reaction. Higher molecular weights up to four times the values reached by thermally initiated polymerisation were obtained by exploiting UV light and ultrasound as alternative methods to facilitate the polymerisation. The reaction procedure also influenced thermal properties of the polymers, which in turn affected the enzymatic degradation of nanoparticles based on those polymers. Altogether, the present study offers a holistic update to enhance the RROP of CKAs.
Fluorescence Microscopy of the HIV-1 Envelope
Creators: name: Carravilla, Pablo
name: Nieva, José L.
name: Eggeling, Christian
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Env
subject: HIV
subject: envelope
subject: fluorescence
subject: lipid
subject: membrane
subject: microscopy
subject: super-resolution
subject: 610

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection constitutes a major health and social issue worldwide. HIV infects cells by fusing its envelope with the target cell plasma membrane. This process is mediated by the viral Env glycoprotein and depends on the envelope lipid composition. Fluorescent microscopy has been employed to investigate the envelope properties, and the processes of viral assembly and fusion, but the application of this technique to the study of HIV is still limited by a number of factors, such as the small size of HIV virions or the difficulty to label the envelope components. Here, we review fluorescence imaging studies of the envelope lipids and proteins, focusing on labelling strategies and model systems.
Vibrational zero point energy for H-doped Silicon
Creators: name: Karazhanov, S. Zh.
name: Ganchenkova, M.
name: Marstein, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the studies addressed to computations of hydrogen parameters in semiconductor systems, such as silicon, are performed at zero temperature T=0 K and do not account for contribution of vibrational zero point energy (ZPE). For light weight atoms such as hydrogen (H), however, magnitude of this parameter might be not negligible. This work is devoted to clarify the importance of accounting the zero-point vibrations when analyzing hydrogen behavior in silicon and its effect on silicon electronic properties. For this, we estimate the ZPE for different locations and charge states of H in Si. We show that the main contribution to the ZPE is coming from vibrations along the Si-H bonds whereas contributions from other Si atoms apart from the direct Si-H bonds play no role. It is demonstrated that accounting the ZPE reduces the hydrogen formation energy by ~0.17 eV meaning that neglecting ZPE at low temperatures one can underestimate hydrogen solubility by few orders of magnitude. In contrast, the effect of the ZPE on the ionization energy of H in Si is negligible. The results can have important implications for characterization of vibrational properties of Si by inelastic neutron scattering, as well as for theoretical estimations of H concentration in Si.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: High-resolution computed tomography findings of smoking-related interstitial lung disease.
Creators: name: Marrone, Gianluca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Computer applications

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this Educational Exhibit is to delineate the relation between cigarette smoking and the development of interstitial lung disease with declaration of the different types of the interstitial lung associated with smoking. In this educational...
Convexity of a Small Ball Under Quadratic Map
Creators: name: Dymarsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20

description: We derive an upper bound on the size of a ball such that the image of the ball under quadratic map is strongly convex and smooth. Our result is the best possible improvement of the analogous result by Polyak in the case of quadratic map. We also generalize the notion of the joint numerical range of m-tuple of matrices by adding vector-dependent inhomogeneous terms and provide a sufficient condition for its convexity.
description: 15 pages
Lo sberleffo della rivolta nella poesia di Nowa Fala
Creators: name: Piacentini, Marcello
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2019
Subjects: Nowa Fala
1968
Stanisław Barańczak
Ryszard Krynicki

description: The student revolt of March 1968 in Poland quickly succumbed under the wave of brutal violence and repression unleashed by the regime against the peaceful students and broader academic milieu. Polish students in their twenties, i.e., the first generation that was born and raised under communist rule, only then were confronted by the specific repressive authoritarianism of the self-defined communist regime, so the main consequence of the March revolt was that the regime violence discredited the official ideology in their eyes. The aim of this article is twofold. Firstly, to summarize briefly the event of the Polish 1968. Secondly, to highlight the role played by the poetry of Nowa Fala in unmasking the misrepresentation of the reality built by the regime through the newspeak of official propaganda.
Ethnicity-related stereotypes and their impacts on medical students: A critical narrative review of health professions education literature
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Soham
name: Boylan, Conor T.
name: Baho, Yousif G.
name: Casey, Anna
name: Asif, Aqua
name: Khalil, Halimah
name: Badwi, Nermin
name: Patel, Rakesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Stereotypes are oversimplified beliefs about groups of people. Social psychology concepts and theories describing ethnicity-related stereotypes are well reported in non-medical educational settings. In contrast, the full impact of stereotyping on medical students, and the extent to which they were represented in health professions education (HPE) is less well-described. Using the lens of social psychological theory, this review aimed to describe ethnicity-related stereotypes about medical students portrayed in HPE literature and the impacts of those stereotypes. A critical narrative approach was undertaken. Social psychology concepts and theories were used as a framework through which to review the impacts of ethnicity-related stereotypes on medical students as described in HPE literature. A database search of Ovid MEDLINE, JSTOR, Project Muse, and PsychINFO was conducted to identify both theoretical and empirical articles relating to this topic in the HPE literature. Data was synthesised using thematic analysis, giving particular care to appraise the evidence from perspectives in social psychology. In HPE, the experiences and impact of stereotyping on learners from minority ethnic groups was explained by social psychology concepts such as stereotype threat, stereotype reactance, attributional ambiguity, self-fulfilling prophecy, stereotype boost, stereotype lift, and stereotype masking. Stereotype boost and stereotype lift were particularly described among students who identified as White, whereas stereotype threat was described more commonly among students from minority ethnics groups. The impact of stereotyping is not just on assessment, but may be across all teaching and learning activities at medical school. Social psychology concepts and theories can be used to describe the experience and impact of ethnicity-related stereotypes in HPE. Educators can better support learners from minority ethnic groups by self-reflecting over assumptions about individuals from minority ethnic groups, as well as minimise the impact of stereotyping and bias to create more inclusive learning environments.
title: Limited protocol MRI knee: An accurate and cost effective technique in evaluation of ligamentous and meniscal injuries.
Creators: name: Khanzada, Usman
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Observer performance
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Management
subject: Bones
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the accuracy of limited protocol MRI knee comprising of sagittal PD and coronal STIR in the diagnosis of tears of medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, ACL and PCL in cases of acute knee pain confirmed by full protocol MRI of knee...
La tutela transnazionale del credito nell’ordinamento dell'Unione europea
Creators: name: Romito, Angela Maria
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2017
Subjects: Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ)
Credit claims
Mutual recognition
Human rights
Effective judicial protection

description: The essay focuses on the implementation of EU legal system in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ), through the analysis of four regulations which aim to simplify, speed up and reduce the costs of litigation in cross-border cases concerning credit claims. In the present research similarities and differences among regulations have been examined in order to prove the evolution of the principle of mutual recognition in the civil matters. The goal of this contribution is to outline the effectiveness of EU legal system throughout the “European civil procedure” laws.
Spiritual polarisation on social media: the case of Arab atheists on Twitter
Creators: name: Al Hariri, Youssef Akram Y.
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2023
Subjects: Spiritual Polarisation
Social Media
Arab Atheists
Twitter
online Arab communities
online communities
online spiritual-based groups
natural language processing
Arab Twitter users
Rationalist
Tanweeri

description: Social media platforms provide an unprecedented method of communication, and they are considered an integral part of people's lifestyles. Also, these platforms facilitate forming communities, groups and networks. Hence, it attracted researchers to study people's interactions and analyse the enormous human-generated data. In this thesis, I focus on studying the online Arab communities as a case study of online communities to understand online spiritual-based groups and the polarisation among them. This work combines multi-disciplinary approaches of natural language processing, information retrieval, data science and social and technological networks to understand better the online social behaviour of Arabs with different religious beliefs. I explore the discussion among Arab Twitter users from religious and atheistic groups. I identify four types of Twitter users based on how they describe themselves: Atheistic, Theistic, Tanweeri (reformers), and Rationalists. This study shows that Arabs from different religious spectrums get involved in online discussions on local and regional topics. I collected two datasets from Twitter for users who discussed religions and atheism, in which I considered about 434 accounts in the first dataset and 2,673 accounts in the second one. The analysis shows that, whatever their attitude towards religions, Arab Twitter users tend to use their accounts to promote their beliefs and to show their stances towards others. I showed that the data that was generated by these four groups illustrate the rich socio-cultural context in which discussions among believers, non-believers and religious reformers unfold. I showed that there is a clear online polarisation between atheists and theists, while Rationalist and Tanweeri accounts are spread among and between the two polarised groups. Arab atheists are separated into two groups in terms of engagement based on the accounts they prefer to interact-with. I found that Arab atheists and theists mention and reply-to users from any religious groups and vice versa, but they tend to retweet and follow accounts from their own group. The findings of this thesis provide insights for researchers to understand the case study of Arab online communities and the religious and non-religious online polarisation. Also, it shows the implications for the studies of spiritual discourse on social media and provides a better cross-cultural understanding of relevant aspects.
title: Limited protocol MRI knee: an accurate and cost effective technique in evaluation of ligamentous and meniscal injuries
Creators: name: Khanzada, Usman
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes
subject: Economics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the accuracy of limited protocol MRI knee comprising of sagittal PD and coronal STIR in the diagnosis of tears of medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, ACL and PCL in cases of acute knee pain confirmed by full protocol MRI of knee...
Excitons in \ce{Mg(OH)2} and \ce{Ca(OH)2} from \textit{ab initio} calculations
Creators: name: Pishtshev, A.
name: Karazhanov, S. Zh.
name: Klopov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using \textit{ab initio} calculations with the HSE06 hybrid functional and GW approximation combined with numerical solution of the Bethe Salpeter equation (GW-BSE) we predict the existence of diverse number of excitonic states in multifunctional hydroxides \ce{\textit{X}(OH)2} (\textit{X}= Mg and Ca) that were not previously reported experimentally or theoretically. Imaginary part of the dielectric function and reflectivity spectra show very strong peaks corresponding to the electron-hole pair states of large binding energy. The origin of the excitons is attributed to strong localization of the hole and electron associated to oxygen $2p_x, 2p_y$ occupied states as well as to oxygen and earth metal $s$ empty states, respectively. The results have important implications for different applications of the materials in optoelectronic devices.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, Solid State Communications (2014)
A generalized result of output stabilizability
Creators: name: Haddouchi, Faouzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D15, 93C25

description: Output stabilizability of a class of infinite dimensional linear systems is studied in this paper. A criterion for the system to be output stabilizable by a linear bounded feedback $u=Fx$, $F\in L(Z,\mathbb{R}^{^{p}})$ will be given.
description: 6 pages
Transverse domain walls in thin ferromagnetic strips
Creators: name: Morini, M.
name: Muratov, C. B.
name: Novaga, M.
name: Slastikov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a characterization of the domain wall solutions arising as minimizers of an energy functional obtained in a suitable asymptotic regime of micromagnetics for infinitely long thin film ferromagnetic strips in which the magnetization is forced to lie in the film plane. For the considered energy, we provide existence, uniqueness, monotonicity, and symmetry of the magnetization profiles in the form of 180$^\circ$ and 360$^\circ$ walls. We also demonstrate how this energy arises as a $Γ$-limit of the reduced two-dimensional thin film micromagnetic energy that captures the non-local effects associated with the stray field, and characterize its respective energy minimizers.
Thermal Conductivity of Graphene Laminate: Making Plastic Thermally Conductive
Creators: name: Malekpour, H.
name: Chang, K. -H.
name: Chen, J. -C.
name: Lu, C. -Y.
name: Nika, D. L.
name: Novoselov, K. S.
name: Balandin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated thermal conductivity of graphene laminate films deposited on polyethylene terephthalate substrates. Two types of graphene laminate were studied - as deposited and compressed - in order to determine the physical parameters affecting the heat conduction the most. The measurements were performed using the optothermal Raman technique and a set of suspended samples with the graphene laminate thickness from 9 to 44 micrometers. The thermal conductivity of graphene laminate was found to be in the range from 40 W/mK to 90 W/mK at room temperature. It was found unexpectedly that the average size and the alignment of graphene flakes are more important parameters defining the heat conduction than the mass density of the graphene laminate. The thermal conductivity scales up linearly with the average graphene flake size in both uncompressed and compressed laminates. The compressed laminates have higher thermal conductivity for the same average flake size owing to better flake alignment. The possibility of up to 600X enhancement of the thermal conductivity of plastic materials by coating them with the thin graphene laminate films has important practical implications.
description: 26 pages; 8 figures
title: Comparison of the diagnostic values of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 131I whole-body scintigraphy in the detection of differentiated thyroid cancer progression
Creators: name: Geliashvili , Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Oncology
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: PET-CT
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: SPECT
subject: Radionuclide therapy
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness of combined treatment differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains an actual problem of oncotireoidology. In the opinion of many authors, an algorithm for examinations has not yet been developed for suspected relapse...
Developing an antimicrobial & radiopaque material suitable for 3D printing
Creators: name: Shannon, Alice
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: The use of 3D printing in medicine has increased in recent years. It can be used to manufacture one-off, patient-specific devices where commercial solutions are unavailable or unsuitable for the patient. Many 3D printing technologies used in medicine are polymer-based. While polymers have many properties making them suitable for healthcare, they can promote bacterial growth in the form of biofilms. Gram-positive Staphylococci bacteria are the primary cause of biofilm formation, which can colonise indwelling medical devices resulting in patients contracting hospital-acquired infections. Infection can lengthen a patient’s stay, especially if a device needs to be replaced, as well as complicating the patient’s recovery and care. In the case of vulnerable patients, hospital-acquired infections can cause serious harm or even result in death. A range of metals and metal oxides are identified for testing to select the most suitable filler for antimicrobial 3D printing. Essential characteristics of the filler are good dispersion stability within the resin, maintaining UV curing properties of the resin, inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria when 3D printed and maintaining mechanical properties of the base resin when 3D printed. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were selected as the Gram-positive bacteria for this research.Silver oxide showed strong antimicrobial effects towards S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Silver oxide performed well in dispersion stability tests and maintained UV curing properties of the resin so was deemed suitable for 3D printing. When 3D printed using vat polymerisation, silver oxide showed strong antimicrobial effects in well?known concentrations as low as 1 wt.%. Mechanical properties were maintained at this concentration. The most suitable technology for 3D printing the antimicrobial resin developed during this research was Digital Light Processing which is a type of Vat Polymerisation.
Balancing the effectiveness and cost of online education: A preliminary realist economic evaluation
Creators: name: Rees, Charlotte E.
name: Nguyen, Van N. B.
name: Foo, Jonathan
name: Edouard, Vicki
name: Maloney, Stephen
name: Palermo, Claire
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: While online learning for faculty development has grown substantially over recent decades, it has been further accelerated in the face of the worldwide pandemic. The effectiveness of online learning has been repeatedly established through systematic reviews and meta-analyses, yet questions remain about its cost-effectiveness. This study evaluates how synchronous online supervision training workshops and their cost-effectiveness might work, and in what contexts. We conducted preliminary realist economic evaluation including qualitative (13 realist interviews), and quantitative approaches (cost Ingredients method). We developed a cost-optimised model based on identified costs and cost-sensitive mechanisms. We identified 14 recurring patterns (so-called demi-regularities) illustrating multiple online workshop outcomes (e.g. satisfaction, engagement, knowledge), generated by various mechanisms (e.g. online technology, mixed pedagogies involving didactic and active/experiential learning, peer learning), and triggered by two contexts (supervisor experience levels, and workplace location). Each workshop cost $302.92 per learner, but the optimised model including senior facilitators cost $305.70. Our initial realist program theories were largely supported and refined. Although findings were largely concordant with previous literature, we illustrate how online workshop costs compare favourably with face-to-face alternatives. We encourage program developers to consider synchronous online learning for faculty development especially for remote learners, and in resource-constrained environments.
Psychische Gewalt an Kindern im schulischen Kontext: Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung und Handlungsperspektiven unter Berücksichtigung des Lehrplan 21
Creators: name: Giacomini, Gloria
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Kinder in der Schweiz sind rechtlich vor Gewalt geschützt. Dennoch zeigen mehrere Untersuchungen, dass Gewalt, und insbesondere psychische Gewalt an Volksschulen häufig vorkommt.
In der vorliegenden Literaturarbeit von Gloria Giacomini wird untersucht, wie Kinder an Schweizer Volksschulen von psychischer Gewalt betroffen sind, welche Rahmenbedingungen durch den Lehrplan 21 gesetzt werden und welche Aufträge sich für die Soziale Arbeit ergeben.
Die Bachelorarbeit ist in drei Abschnitte unterteilt. Im ersten Abschnitt wird auf den Begriff der psychischen Gewalt und ihre Entstehung eingegangen. Im zweiten Teil wird der Bildungsauftrag der Schule und der Lehrplan 21 beleuchtet und im dritten Abschnitt das Feld der Sozialen Arbeit in der Schule aufgezeigt sowie Handlungsempfehlungen aus sozialarbeiterischer Sicht formuliert.
Die Befunde zeigen, dass der Lehrplan 21 in erster Linie ein Planungs- und Organisationsinstrument ist und in Bezug auf psychische Gewalt im schulischen Kontext keinen Schutzcharakter aufweist. Diesen Zweck erfüllen jedoch einige kantonale Schulgesetze und Verordnungen, welche das psychische Wohlbefinden der Schülerinnen und Schüler gesetzlich verankert haben und damit das Recht auf ein gewaltfreies Aufwachsen schützen.
Die Autorin kommt zum Schluss, dass es für eine flächendeckende und nachhaltige Prävention und Intervention psychischer Gewalt wichtig ist, die Gesetze zu vereinheitlichen, den wissenschaftlichen und sozialen Diskurs zu fördern sowie die Zusammenarbeit aller Beteiligten zu optimieren.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
title: Fundic gland polyps of the stomach: A noninvasive depiction by double contrast barium meal.
Creators: name: Cokkinos, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Barium meal
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To highlight diagnostic features of fundic gland polyps (FGPs) revealed by imaging studies with double contrast barium meal in patients receiving long term proton pump inhibitors (PPI)...
Hybridizing matter-wave and classical accelerometers
Creators: name: Lautier, Jean
name: Volodimer, Laurent
name: Hardin, Thomas
name: Merlet, Sebastien
name: Lours, Michel
name: Santos, Franck Pereira Dos
name: Landragin, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a hybrid accelerometer that benefits from the advantages of both conventional and atomic sensors in terms of bandwidth (DC to 430 Hz) and long term stability. First, the use of a real time correction of the atom interferometer phase by the signal from the classical accelerometer enables to run it at best performances without any isolation platform. Second, a servo-lock of the DC component of the conventional sensor output signal by the atomic one realizes a hybrid sensor. This method paves the way for applications in geophysics and in inertial navigation as it overcomes the main limitation of atomic accelerometers, namely the dead times between consecutive measurements.
Composite Vectorlike Fermions
Creators: name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Hill, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a dynamical mechanism that generates a composite vectorlike fermion, formed by the binding of an $N$-tuplet of elementary chiral fermions to an $N$-tuplet of scalars. Deriving the properties of the composite fermion in the large $N$ limit, we show that its mass is much smaller than the compositeness scale when the binding coupling is near a critical value. We compute the contact interactions involving four composite fermions, and find that their coefficients scale as $1/N$. Physics beyond the Standard Model may include composite vectorlike fermions arising from this mechanism.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Virtual class room as a learning format in a family medicine residency program: Lessons learned in Palestine
Creators: name: Hamshari, Suha
name: Shahid, Hina
name: Saudi, Lubna
name: Nazzal, Zaher
name: Zink, Therese
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Due to geopolitical and socioeconomic challenges, the Family Medicine (FM) speciality in Palestine is in early stages of development. Volunteer British General Practitioner (BGP) trainers worked with FM faculty to develop an online tutorial program (OTP) and a novel evaluation framework E-QUaL (Evaluation-Quality, Utilization and Learning) to enhance residents’ patient-centered communication and clinical skills. Three OTP cycles were facilitated and evaluated at An Najah National University (ANNU) in Palestine between 2017–2020. Qualitative data were collected during focus groups and online chats and analysed. The development and joint facilitation of the OTP developed faculty skills and enhanced clinically oriented education. The collaborative (BGPs and ANNU faculty) approach and the use of the EQUaL framework helped to identify and address strengths and opportunities as well as the challenges and threats of the educational content and the virtual learning format with each iteration. The COVID pandemic provided a new and inexpensive platform which improved training quality. Issues such as the volunteer nature of BGPs, internet instability, and differing cultural approaches and expectations between physicians and patients were addressed in a continuous quality improvement approach and continues today. This may be a useful model in other low resourced settings.
title: A retrospective study on surveillance of women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation: outcomes from Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)
Creators: name: Gaudino, Angela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Cancer
subject: Genetic defects

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lifetime risk of developing breast cancer in women with family history of cancer is usually assessed by suitable risk models considering multiple risk factors, and applied with the aid of different software programs (for instance...
Learning Gaussian Mixtures with Generalised Linear Models: Precise Asymptotics in High-dimensions
Creators: name: Loureiro, Bruno
name: Sicuro, Gabriele
name: Gerbelot, Cédric
name: Pacco, Alessandro
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalised linear models for multi-class classification problems are one of the fundamental building blocks of modern machine learning tasks. In this manuscript, we characterise the learning of a mixture of $K$ Gaussians with generic means and covariances via empirical risk minimisation (ERM) with any convex loss and regularisation. In particular, we prove exact asymptotics characterising the ERM estimator in high-dimensions, extending several previous results about Gaussian mixture classification in the literature. We exemplify our result in two tasks of interest in statistical learning: a) classification for a mixture with sparse means, where we study the efficiency of $\ell_1$ penalty with respect to $\ell_2$; b) max-margin multi-class classification, where we characterise the phase transition on the existence of the multi-class logistic maximum likelihood estimator for $K>2$. Finally, we discuss how our theory can be applied beyond the scope of synthetic data, showing that in different cases Gaussian mixtures capture closely the learning curve of classification tasks in real data sets.
description: 12 pages + 34 pages of Appendix, 10 figures
Raus aus der Jugenddelinquenz: Interventionsmöglichkeiten während einer angeordneten persönlichen Betreuung unter der Berücksichtigung aktueller Entwicklungsschritte von delinquenten Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Gisi, Jona
name: Messmer, Melina
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: In der Schweiz stehen delinquente Jugendliche häufig im Fokus der Medien, von einfachen
Diebstählen bis hin zu schweren Straftaten. Es gibt zwei Hauptformen von Delinquenz:
episodenhafte und symptomatische. Erstere kann Teil einer normalen Jugendentwicklung sein,
während letztere auf langanhaltenden Ressourcenmangel in der Kindheit zurückzuführen ist. Das
Schweizer Jugendstrafrecht legt den Schwerpunkt auf Erziehung und Förderung. Diese Arbeit
untersucht, wie die Entwicklung delinquenten Jugendlicher während Schutzmassnahmen durch
persönliche Betreuung und unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Lebenswelt gefördert werden kann.
Dabei wurden die Identitäts- und Delinquenzentwicklung im Jugendalter analysiert, insbesondere
anhand der Theorien von Erik H. Erikson, Petzold und Lawrence Kohlberg zur Moralentwicklung.
Historische Entwicklungen des Schweizer Jugendstrafrechts und die Wirksamkeit von
Schutzmassnahmen wurden ebenfalls beleuchtet.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine gezielte Unterstützung, Vernetzung und Ressourcenausbau
delinquentes Verhalten reduzieren könnte, was für die Konzeption und Umsetzung von Massnahmen
im Jugendstrafrecht sowie für Fachkräfte in der Sozialen Arbeit von grosser Bedeutung wäre.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409