cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Obsolescence - Political strategies for improved durability of products
title: Obsolescence - Political strategies for improved durability of products
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Elektrogerät/Elektronikgerät
subject: obsolescence
subject: electrical appliance
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen
subject: Waste | Resources

description: From fridges to fans - a growing number of consumers replace household goods earlier than they did in the past. The reasons are manifold. Some products simply break down before they reach an optimum technical life. Others are replaced before they reach an optimal service life (time of use by consumers) - the technology may have become outdated or a computer is no longer compatible with the newest software. In other cases, consumers get rid of perfectly working mobile phones simply because they crave the latest model. In this policy brief the German Environment Agency outlines some of its recommendations to policy makers, industry and consumers. They are based on two studies we commissioned in recent years and summed up in our position paper from 2016. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: From fridges to fans – a growing number of consumers replace household goods earlier than they did in the past. The reasons are manifold. Some products simply break down before they reach an optimum technical life. Others are replaced before they reach an optimal service life (time of use by consumers) - the technology may have become outdated or a computer is no longer compatible with the newest software. In other cases, consumers get rid of perfectly working mobile phones simply because they crave the latest model.In this policy brief the German Environment Agency outlines some of its recommendations to policy makers, industry and consumers. They are based on two studies we commissioned in recent years and summed up in our position paper from 2016.
title: Defecografía: ¿cómo hacerla?, ¿qué hay que ver?...
Creators: name: Marichal Hernández, Carlos Alberto
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Colon
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Defecography

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Realizar una descripción detallada de la técnica: definición,
revisión histórica,
preparación,
medio de contraste,
posición... Conocer las distintas fases del estudio,
los parámetros de medición en cada una de ellas y los criterios de un...
An ontology-based methodology for geospatial data integration
Creators: name: He, Juan Xia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geodesy.
subject: Remote Sensing.

description: Data semantic and schematic heterogeneity is a major obstacle to the reuse and sharing of geospatial data. This research focuses on developing an ontology-based methodology to logically integrate heterogeneous geographic data in a cross-border context Three main obstacles hindering data integration are semantic, schematic, and syntactic heterogeneity. Approaches to overcome these obstacles in previous research are reviewed. Among the different approaches, an ontology-based approach is selected for horizontal geospatial data integration in the context of cross-border applications. The integration methodology includes the extraction of application schemas and application ontologies, ontology integration, the creation of a reference model (or ontologies), schema matching and integration, and the creation of usable integrated datasets. The methodology is conceptual and integrates geospatial data based on the semantic content and so is not tied to specific data formats, geometric representations, or feature locations. In order to facilitate the integration procedure, four semantic relationships are used: refer-to, semantic equivalence, semantic generalization, and semantic aggregation. A hybrid ontology approach is employed in order to facilitate the addition of new geospatial data sources to the integration process. As such, three levels of ontologies are developed and illustrated within a MS ACCESS database: application, domain, and a reference model. Furthermore, a working integration prototype is designed to facilitate the integration of geospatial data in the North American context given the semantic and schema heterogeneities in international Canadian-US geospatial datasets. The methodology and prototype provide users with the ability to freely query and retrieve data without knowledge of the heterogeneous data ontologies and schemas. This is illustrated via a case study identifying critical infrastructure around the Ambassador Bridge international border crossing. The methodology and prototype are compared and evaluated with other GDI approaches and by criteria introduced by Buccella et al. (2009). Specific challenges unique to GDI were uncovered and include geographic discrepancies, scale compatibility and temporal issues.
Noninvasive oscillometric cardiac output determination in the intensive care unit – comparison with invasive transpulmonary thermodilution
Creators: name: Reshetnik, Alexander
name: Compton, Friederike
name: Schoelzel, Anna
name: Toelle, Markus
name: Zidek, Walter
name: Van Der Giet, Markus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular diseases
subject: Diagnosis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Assessment of the cardiac output (CO) is usually performed with invasive techniques requiring specialized equipment in the intensive care unit (ICU). With TEL-O-GRAPH (TG), CO can be derived from the oscillometrically obtained brachial pulse wave during the measurement of brachial blood pressure. CO and stroke volume (SV) determinations with TG were compared with transpulmonary thermodilution measurements with the PICCO system (PICCO) in 38 haemodynamically unstable ICU patients with a total of 84 comparison measurements performed. SV (33.3 ± 9.0 ml/m2 vs. 44.3 ± 14.4 ml/m2, p
Small-sample performance and underlying assumptions of a bootstrap-based inference method for a general analysis of covariance model with possibly heteroskedastic and nonnormal errors
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Georg
name: Pauly, Markus
name: Bathke, Arne C.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator
subject: small sample
subject: wild bootstrap
subject: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS
subject: SPINAL-CORD-INJURY
subject: REGRESSION
subject: ADJUSTMENT
subject: ANCOVA
subject: ESTIMATORS
subject: PARAMETERS
subject: DDC 500 / Natural sciences & mathematics
subject: DDC 510 / Mathematics
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Analysis of covariance
subject: Rare diseases
subject: Resampling (Statistics)
subject: Clinical trials
subject: Regression analysis
subject: Line
subject: Heteroskedastizität
subject: Kovarianzanalyse
subject: Seltene Krankheit
subject: Regressionsanalyse
subject: Schätzfunktion
subject: Linie

description: It is well known that the standard F test is severely affected by heteroskedasticity in unbalanced analysis of covariance models. Currently available potential remedies for such a scenario are based on heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimation (HCCME). However, the HCCME approach tends to be liberal in small samples. Therefore, in the present paper, we propose a combination of HCCME and a wild bootstrap technique, with the aim of improving the small-sample performance. We precisely state a set of assumptions for the general analysis of covariance model and discuss their practical interpretation in detail, since this issue may have been somewhat neglected in applied research so far. We prove that these assumptions are sufficient to ensure the asymptotic validity of the combined HCCME-wild bootstrap analysis of covariance. The results of our simulation study indicate that our proposed test remedies the problems of the analysis of covariance F test and its heteroskedasticity-consistent alternatives in small to moderate sample size scenarios. Our test only requires very mild conditions, thus being applicable in a broad range of real-life settings, as illustrated by the detailed discussion of a dataset from preclinical research on spinal cord injury. Our proposed method is ready-to-use and allows for valid hypothesis testing in frequently encountered settings (e.g., comparing group means while adjusting for baseline measurements in a randomized controlled clinical trial).
title: Colonografia por Tomografia Computada,  Colonoscopia Virtual y la reconstrucciones tridimensionales como una nueva tecnica de diagnostico
Creators: name: Vargas Mejia, Juan Angel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Colonography CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Colon

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
La colonografía por tomografía computada (TC) es un método no invasivo,
en la que usando programas computacionales específicos,
permite la reconstrucción de imágenes multiplanares (2D) o endoluminales (3D),
con la que contribuyen a obtener un...
In vivo assessment of resistant starch degradation by the caecal microbiota of mice using RNA-based stable isotope probing—a proof-of-principle study
Creators: name: Herrmann, Elena
name: Young, Wayne
name: Reichert-Grimm, Verena
name: Weis, Severin
name: Riedel, Christian
name: Rosendale, Douglas
name: Stoklosinski, Halina
name: Hunt, Martin
name: Egert, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: gut microbiota
subject: RNA-SIP
subject: Dorea
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences
subject: Resistant Starch
subject: Gastrointestinal Microbiome
subject: Clostridiales
subject: Mikroflora

description: Resistant starch (RS) is the digestion resistant fraction of complex polysaccharide starch. By reaching the large bowel, RS can function as a prebiotic carbohydrate, i.e., it can shape the structure and activity of bowel bacterial communities towards a profile that confers health benefits. However, knowledge about the fate of RS in complex intestinal communities and the microbial members involved in its degradation is limited. In this study, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-based stable isotope probing (RNA-SIP) was used to identify mouse bowel bacteria involved in the assimilation of RS or its derivatives directly in their natural gut habitat. Stable-isotope [U13C]-labeled native potato starch was administrated to mice, and caecal contents were collected before 0 h and 2 h and 4 h after administration. ‘Heavy’, isotope-labeled [13C]RNA species, presumably derived from bacteria that have metabolized the labeled starch, were separated from ‘light’, unlabeled [12C]RNA species by fractionation of isolated total RNA in isopycnic-density gradients. Inspection of different density gradients showed a continuous increase in ‘heavy’ 16S rRNA in caecal samples over the course of the experiment. Sequencing analyses of unlabeled and labeled 16S amplicons particularly suggested a group of unclassified Clostridiales, Dorea, and a few other taxa (Bacteroides, Turicibacter) to be most actively involved in starch assimilation in vivo. In addition, metabolic product analyses revealed that the predominant 13C-labeled short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in caecal contents produced from the [U13C] starch was butyrate. For the first time, this study provides insights into the metabolic transformation of RS by intestinal bacterial communities directly within a gut ecosystem, which will finally help to better understand its prebiotic potential and possible applications in human health.
Determining Optimal Video Length for the Estimation of Building Height through Radial Displacement Measurement from Space
Creators: name: Plowright, Andrew
name: Tortini, Riccardo
name: Coops, Nicholas C.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: We presented a methodology for estimating building heights in downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, using a high definition video (HDV) recorded from the International Space Station. We developed an iterative routine based on multiresolution image segmentation to track the radial displacement of building roofs over the course of the HDV, and to predict the building heights using an ordinary least-squares regression model. The linear relationship between the length of the tracking vector and the height of the buildings was excellent (r² ≤ 0.89, RMSE ≤ 8.85 m, p < 0.01). Notably, the accuracy of the height estimates was not improved considerably beyond 10 s of outline tracking, revealing an optimal video length for estimating the height or elevation of terrestrial features. HDVs are demonstrated to be a viable and effective data source for target tracking and building height prediction when high resolution imagery, spectral information, and/or topographic data from other sources are not available.
title: Estudio de la influencia de factores no relacionados con la imagen, en la probabilidad de carcinoma de las categorías BI-RADS®
Creators: name: Cárdenas Rebollo, José Miguel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Observer performance
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
La asignación de categorías de sospecha en función del Valor Predictivo Positivo (VPP) estimado y su asociación a una recomendación específica,
es sin duda una de las mayores aportaciones del Sistema BI-RADS® en el manejo de las lesiones...
The rapid reddening and featureless optical spectra of the optical counterpart of GW170817, at 2017gfo, during the first four days
Creators: name: McCully, Curtis
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Kasen, Daniel
name: Barnes, Jennifer
name: Shara, Michael M.
name: Williams, Ted B.
name: Vaisanen, Petri
name: Potter, Stephen B.
name: Romero-Colmenero, Encarni
name: Crawford, Steven M.
name: Buckley, David A. H.
name: Cooke, Jeff
name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Pritchard, Tyler
name: Mao, Jirong
name: Gromadzki, Mariusz
name: Burke, Jamison
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510105
subject: General relativity and gravitational waves

description: We present the spectroscopic evolution of AT 2017gfo, the optical counterpart of the first binary neutron star (BNS) merger detected by LIGO and Virgo, GW170817. While models have long predicted that a BNS merger could produce a kilonova (KN), we have not been able to definitively test these models until now. From one day to four days after the merger, we took five spectra of AT 2017gfo before it faded away, which was possible because it was at a distance of only 39.5 Mpc in the galaxy NGC 4993. The spectra evolve from blue (∼6400 K) to red (∼3500 K) over the three days we observed. The spectra are relatively featureless-some weak features exist in our latest spectrum, but they are likely due to the host galaxy. However, a simple blackbody is not sufficient to explain our data: another source of luminosity or opacity is necessary. Predictions from simulations of KNe qualitatively match the observed spectroscopic evolution after two days past the merger, but underpredict the blue flux in our earliest spectrum. From our best-fit models, we infer that AT 2017gfo had an ejecta mass of 0.03 M⊙, high ejecta velocities of 0.3c, and a low mass fraction ∼10-4 of high-opacity lanthanides and actinides. One possible explanation for the early excess of blue flux is that the outer ejecta is lanthanide-poor, while the inner ejecta has a higher abundance of high-opacity material. With the discovery and follow-up of this unique transient, combining gravitational-wave and electromagnetic astronomy, we have arrived in the multi-messenger era.
Supplementary document for Extreme Local Field Enhancement by Hybrid Epsilon-near-zero/Plasmon Mode in Thin Films of Transparent Conductive Oxides - 4708663.pdf
Creators: name: Reddy, Innem Venkata
name: Jornet, Josep
name: Baev, Alexander
name: Prasad, Paras
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Classical and Physical Optics

description: The parametric analysis of the grating configuration. The effects of varying the substrate refractive index and the grating thickness are discussed.
title: Neue Perspektiven auf die gegenwärtigen Verpflichtungen zu Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen im BImSchG
title: Neue Perspektiven auf die gegenwärtigen Verpflichtungen zu Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen im BImSchG
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: New perspectives on the obligation to ensure the economical and efficient energy use in the Federal Immission Control Act
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Mutert, Tina
name: Unnerstall, Herwig
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019

description: Die Pflicht zur sparsamen und effizienten Verwendung von Energie in § 5 Abs. 1 Nr. 4 BImSchG führt aufgrund ihrer einengenden Interpretation und der ihres Anwendungsbereiches in Hinblick auf Anlagen, die dem Treibhausgas-Emissionshandel (Art. 5 Abs. 2 BImSchG) unterliegen, ein Schattendasein. So besteht in der Praxis ein großes ungenutztes Potential für wirtschaftliche Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen. Der Beitrag widerlegt die juristischen Argumente, die für die einengende Interpretation des BImSchG und seines Anwendungsbereiches vorgebracht werden, und eröffnet neue Perspektiven für eine Konkretisierung und Durchsetzung der Pflichten aus dem BImSchG. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist dabei das allgemeine rechtsstaatliche Kriterium der Verhältnismäßigkeit, für deren Erfüllung die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Maßnahme eine hinreichende, aber keine notwendige Bedingung ist. Welche Größen bei dieser Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung in welcher Form zu berücksichtigen sind, wird â€Ì auch mit Blick auf eine diesbezügliche Regelung im Entwurf für eine Wärmenutzungsverordnung von 1991 - diskutiert und geklärt. Quelle: https://papers.ssrn.com/
description: The obligation to ensure the economical and efficient energy use in section 5 subsection 1 no. 4 Federal Immission Control Act leads a shadowy existence due to its constraining interpretation and due to the corresponding reading of the scope of application regarding installations that are subject to the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading (section 5 subsection 2 Federal Immission Control Act. Therefore there is a vast unused potential for economically viable energy efficiency measures. This article refutes the legal arguments that are put forward in favour of the constraining interpretation of the Federal Immission Control Act and its scope of application. Hence it opens new perspectives to specify and enforce the obligations under the Federal Immission Control Act. The general constitutional criterion of proportionality is of crucial importance. The economic viability is a sufficient but not a necessary condition to meet this criterion. Which parameters are in which form to be considered in the economic analysis is discussed and clarified â€Ì also with a view to a regulation in this regard in the draft for an Ordinance on the Utilization of Heat of 1991. Quelle: https://papers.ssrn.com/
The Slavic NBN Founder Mutation: A Role for Reproductive Fitness?
Creators: name: Seemanova, Eva
name: Varon, Raymonda
name: Vejvalka, Jan
name: Jarolim, Petr
name: Seeman, Pavel
name: Chrzanowska, Krystyna H.
name: Digweed, Martin
name: Resnick, Igor
name: Kremensky, Ivo
name: Saar, Kathrin
name: Hoffmann, Katrin
name: Dutrannoy, Veronique
name: Karbasiyan, Mohsen
name: Ghani, Mehdi
name: Baric, Ivo
name: Tekin, Mustafa
name: Kovacs, Peter
name: Krawczak, Michael
name: Reis, Andre
name: Sperling, Karl
name: Nothnagel, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The vast majority of patients with Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) are of Slavic origin and carry a deleterious deletion (c.657del5; rs587776650) in the NBN gene on chromosome 8q21. This mutation is essentially confined to Slavic populations and may thus be considered a Slavic founder mutation. Notably, not a single parenthood of a homozygous c.657del5 carrier has been reported to date, while heterozygous carriers do reproduce but have an increased cancer risk. These observations seem to conflict with the considerable carrier frequency of c.657del5 of 0.5% to 1% as observed in different Slavic populations because deleterious mutations would be eliminated quite rapidly by purifying selection. Therefore, we propose that heterozygous c.657del5 carriers have increased reproductive success, i.e., that the mutation confers heterozygote advantage. In fact, in our cohort study of the reproductive history of 24 NBS pedigrees from the Czech Republic, we observed that female carriers gave birth to more children on average than female non-carriers, while no such reproductive differences were observed for males. We also estimate that c.657del5 likely occurred less than 300 generations ago, thus supporting the view that the original mutation predated the historic split and subsequent spread of the ‘Slavic people’. We surmise that the higher fertility of female c.657del5 carriers reflects a lower miscarriage rate in these women, thereby reflecting the role of the NBN gene product, nibrin, in the repair of DNA double strand breaks and their processing in immune gene rearrangements, telomere maintenance, and meiotic recombination, akin to the previously described role of the DNA repair genes BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Supplementary document for Extreme Local Field Enhancement by Hybrid Epsilon-near-zero/Plasmon Mode in Thin Films of Transparent Conductive Oxides - 4708663.pdf
Creators: name: Reddy, Innem Venkata
name: Jornet, Josep
name: Baev, Alexander
name: Prasad, Paras
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Classical and Physical Optics

description: The parametric analysis of the grating configuration. The effects of varying the substrate refractive index and the grating thickness are discussed.
title: Hallazgos ecográficos en el carcinoma ductal in situ.
Creators: name: Plaza Loma, Sara
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
Describir las manifestaciones ecográficas del CDIS puro sin componente infiltrante y analizar las circunstancias en las que la ecografía puede ser beneficiosa en su...
Dataset on the activation of Muller cells through macrophages upon hypoxia in the retina
Creators: name: Nurnberg, Christina
name: Kociok, Norbert
name: Brockmann, Claudia
name: Lischke, Timo
name: Crespo-Garcia, Sergio
name: Reichhart, Nadine
name: Wolf, Susanne
name: Baumgrass, Ria
name: Eming, Sabine A.
name: Beer-Hammer, Sandra
name: Joussen, Antonia M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The dataset presented in this article complements the article entitled “Myeloid cells contribute indirectly to VEGF expression upon hypoxia via activation of Müller cells” (C. Nürnberg, N. Kociok, C. Brockmann, T. Lischke, S. Crespo-Garcia, N. Reichhart, S. Wolf, R. Baumgrass, S.A. Eming, S. Beer- Hammer, and A.M. Joussen). This complementary dataset provides further insight into the experimental validation of the VEGFfl/fl LysMCre (here named VEGFmcko) knockout model used in the main article through genomic and quantitative Real-Time PCR in various murine tissues as well as additional flow cytometry data and immunohistochemical stainings. By providing these data, we aim to enable researcher to reproduce and critically analyze our data.
Serial changes in exercise capacity, NT-proBNP, and adiponectin in patients with acute coronary syndrome before and after phase II rehabilitation as well as at the 12-month follow-up
Creators: name: Jin, Hong
name: Liu, Yuefei
name: Schweikert, Bernd
name: Hahman, Harry
name: Wang, Lei
name: Imhof, Armin
name: Muche, Rainer
name: König, Wolfgang
name: Steinacker, Jürgen M.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS
subject: ARTERY-DISEASE
subject: ENERGY-BALANCE
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Acute coronary syndrome
subject: Heart failure
subject: Myocardial infarction
subject: Cardiac rehabilitation
subject: Natriuretic peptide, Brain
subject: Adult
subject: Akutes Koronarsyndrom
subject: Herzfehler
subject: Herzinfarkt
subject: Rehabilitation

description: Background. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) causes pathophysiological changes in exercise capacity, N-terminal part of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and adiponectin that impact the course of coronary artery disease and clinical outcomes after cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, the serial changes and the relationship between the changes in these parameters for a prolonged term remain uninvestigated. Methods. Eighty-one patients with ACS underwent a three- or four-week CR program after acute care and were followed up for 12 months. Exercise capacity on a cycle ergometer and blood levels of NT-proBNP and adiponectin were determined before and after CR as well as at the 12-month follow-up. Results. Exercise capacity increased from 100 watts (in median) before CR to 138 watts after CR and 150 watts at 12 months. The NT-proBNP level (526 pg/ml before CR) remained almost unchanged after CR (557 pg/ml) and then decreased at 12 months (173 pg/ml). The adiponectin level (14.5 µg/ml before CR) increased after CR (16.0 µg/ml) and at 12 months (17.2 µg/ml). There was no significant correlation among the changes in these parameters at each observation time point. Conclusion. During the observation period from before CR to the 12-month follow-up, exercise capacity, NT-proBNP, and adiponectin underwent significant changes; however, these changes were independent from each other and not correlated linearly, and they provide complementary information in clinical practice. Thus, all these parameters should be included and determined at different time points for a prolonged period of time.
Quantification of root growth patterns from the soil perspective via root distance models
Creators: name: Schlüter, Steffen
name: Blaser, Sebastian Roman Georg Anton
name: Weber, Matthias
name: Schmidt, Volker
name: Vetterlein, Doris
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: x-ray tomography
subject: euclidean distance
subject: root system architecture
subject: time-lapse imaging
subject: parametric model
subject: DDC 580 / Botanical sciences
subject: Chronophotography
subject: Wurzel

description: The rhizosphere, the fraction of soil altered by plant roots, is a dynamic domain that rapidly changes during plant growth. Traditional approaches to quantify root growth patterns are very limited in estimating this transient extent of the rhizosphere. In this paper we advocate the analysis of root growth patterns from the soil perspective. This change of perspective addresses more directly how certain root system architectures facilitate the exploration of soil. For the first time, we propose a parsimonious root distance model with only four parameters which is able to describe root growth patterns throughout all stages in the first 3 weeks of growth of Vicia faba measured with X-ray computed tomography. From these models, which are fitted to the frequency distribution of root distances in soil, it is possible to estimate the rhizosphere volume, i.e., the volume fraction of soil explored by roots, and adapt it to specific interaction distances for water uptake, rhizodeposition, etc. Through 3D time-lapse imaging and image registration it is possible to estimate root age dependent rhizosphere volumes, i.e., volumes specific for certain root age classes. These root distance models are a useful abstraction of complex root growth patterns that provide complementary information on root system architecture unaddressed by traditional root system analysis, which is helpful to constrain dynamic root growth models to achieve more realistic results.
ЎСИМЛИК ПОЯСИДА ОЗИҚ ОВҚАТ САНОАТИ УЧУН КЛЕЧАТКА ОЛИШ ФРАКЦИЯЛАРГА АЖРАТИШ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСИ
Creators: name: Юсупова, Насиба
name: Уразов, Мустафоқул
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ўзоқ вақт давомида озиқ-овқат толалари кераксиз деб ҳисобланган, уларнинг озуқавий қийматини камайтириш учун маҳсулотлар таркибидан чиқариб ташлашга ҳаракат қилинган. Шунга кўра, озиқ овқат толаларидан бутунлай тозаланган ҳамда бир қатор рафинадланган маҳсулотлар ишлаб чиқилган. Турли ўсимликларнинг ҳўжайра деворларини ташкил этувчи озиқ овқат толаларига целлюлоза, полисаҳаридлар, пектин ва лигнин киради.
title: ECOGRAFIA DE MAMA COMPLEMENTARIA A LA MAMOGRAFIA DENSA : nuestra experiencia en un programa de cribado poblacional.
Creators: name: Opere Salas, Elisa
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Screening
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
Analizar la aportación de la ecografía de mama en aquellas mamografías con patrón de densidad tipo 3 y tipo 4 en la detección de lesiones ecográficas BIRADS 4 y 5. Valorar su utilidad para el diagnóstico de cancer mamograficamente oculto en...
title: Lesiones sólidas del páncreas: Diagnóstico diferencial del Adenocarcinoma ductal pancreático.
Creators: name: Vaño Molina, María
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Conocer qué aporta cada técnica radiológica en el estudio de lesiones sólidas del páncreas y qué protocolo utilizar Identificar las características radiológicas del adenocarcinoma de páncreas y las lesiones pancreáticas que pueden...
Investigating the Neural Correlates of Emotion–Cognition Interaction Using an Affective Stroop Task
Creators: name: Raschle, Nora M.
name: Fehlbaum, Lynn V.
name: Menks, Willeke M.
name: Euler, Felix
name: Sterzer, Philipp
name: Stadler, Christina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: emotion processing
subject: emotion–cognition interaction
subject: cognition
subject: fMRI
subject: Stroop
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The human brain has the capacity to integrate various sources of information and continuously adapts our behavior according to situational needs in order to allow a healthy functioning. Emotion–cognition interactions are a key example for such integrative processing. However, the neuronal correlates investigating the effects of emotion on cognition remain to be explored and replication studies are needed. Previous neuroimaging studies have indicated an involvement of emotion and cognition related brain structures including parietal and prefrontal cortices and limbic brain regions. Here, we employed whole brain event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an affective number Stroop task and aimed at replicating previous findings using an adaptation of an existing task design in 30 healthy young adults. The Stroop task is an indicator of cognitive control and enables the quantification of interference in relation to variations in cognitive load. By the use of emotional primes (negative/neutral) prior to Stroop task performance, an emotional variation is added as well. Behavioral in-scanner data showed that negative primes delayed and disrupted cognitive processing. Trials with high cognitive demand furthermore negatively influenced cognitive control mechanisms. Neuronally, the emotional primes consistently activated emotion-related brain regions (e.g., amygdala, insula, and prefrontal brain regions) while Stroop task performance lead to activations in cognition networks of the brain (prefrontal cortices, superior temporal lobe, and insula). When assessing the effect of emotion on cognition, increased cognitive demand led to decreases in neural activation in response to emotional stimuli (negative > neutral) within prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and insular cortex. Overall, these results suggest that emotional primes significantly impact cognitive performance and increasing cognitive demand leads to reduced neuronal activation in emotion related brain regions, and therefore support previous findings investigating emotion–cognition interaction in healthy adults. Moreover, emotion and cognition seem to be tightly related to each other, as indicated by shared neural networks involved in both of these processes. Emotion processing, cognitive control, and their interaction are crucial for healthy functioning and a lack thereof is related to psychiatric disorders such as, disruptive behavior disorders. Future studies may investigate the neural characteristics of children and adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders.
Delayed‑matching‑to‑position working memory in mice relies on NMDA‑receptors in prefrontal pyramidal cells
Creators: name: Kilonzo, Kasyoka
name: Van Der Veen, Bastiaan
name: Teutsch, Jasper
name: Schulz, Stefanie
name: Kapanaiah, Sampath K. T.
name: Liß, Birgit
name: Kätzel, Dennis
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cortex
subject: Diseases of the nervous system
subject: Habituation
subject: Learning and memory
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Schizophrenia
subject: Short-term memory
subject: Spatial memory
subject: Working memory
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Schizophrenia
subject: Nervous system diseases
subject: N-Methylaspartate
subject: Receptors, Glutamate
subject: Memory, Short-term
subject: Spatial memory
subject: Learning
subject: Memory
subject: Schizophrenie
subject: Nervenkrankheit
subject: Kurzzeitgedächtnis
subject: Räumliches Gedächtnis
subject: NMDA-Rezeptor

description: A hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia by clinical and rodent studies. However, to what extent NMDAR-hypofunction in distinct cell-types across the brain causes different symptoms of this disease is largely unknown. One pharmaco-resistant core symptom of schizophrenia is impaired working memory (WM). NMDARs have been suggested to mediate sustained firing in excitatory neurons of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) that might underlie WM storage. However, if NMDAR-hypofunction in prefrontal excitatory neurons may indeed entail WM impairments is unknown. We here investigated this question in mice, in which NMDARs were genetically-ablated in PFC excitatory cells. This cell type-selective NMDAR-hypofunction caused a specific deficit in a delayed-matching-to-position (DMTP) 5-choice-based operant WM task. In contrast, T-maze rewarded alternation and several psychological functions including attention, spatial short-term habituation, novelty-processing, motivation, sociability, impulsivity, and hedonic valuation remained unimpaired at the level of GluN1-hypofunction caused by our manipulation. Our data suggest that a hypofunction of NMDARs in prefrontal excitatory neurons may indeed cause WM impairments, but are possibly not accounting for most other deficits in schizophrenia.
Heterodimerization of Munc13 C2A domain with RIM regulates synaptic vesicle docking and priming
Creators: name: Camacho, Marcial
name: Basu, Jayeeta
name: Trimbuch, Thorsten
name: Chang, Shuwen
name: Pulido-Lozano, Cristina
name: Chang, Shwu-Shin
name: Duluvova, Irina
name: Abo-Rady, Masin
name: Rizo, Josep
name: Rosenmund, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Synaptic vesicle exocytosis
subject: Vesicle trafficking
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The presynaptic active zone protein Munc13 is essential for neurotransmitter release, playing key roles in vesicle docking and priming. Mechanistically, it is thought that the C2A domain of Munc13 inhibits the priming function by homodimerization, and that RIM disrupts the autoinhibitory homodimerization forming monomeric priming-competent Munc13. However, it is unclear whether the C2A domain mediates other Munc13 functions in addition to this inactivation–activation switch. Here, we utilize mutations that modulate the homodimerization and heterodimerization states to define additional roles of the Munc13 C2A domain. Using electron microscopy and electrophysiology in hippocampal cultures, we show that the C2A domain is critical for additional steps of vesicular release, including vesicle docking. Optimal vesicle docking and priming is only possible when Munc13 heterodimerizes with RIM via its C2A domain. Beyond being a switching module, our data suggest that the Munc13-RIM heterodimer is an active component of the vesicle docking, priming and release complex.
Jahresbericht der Universität Ulm 2021
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Universities; Germany; Ulm
subject: DDC 370 / Education
subject: Research; Germany; Ulm
subject: Universities and colleges; Germany
subject: Universität Ulm
subject: Forschungsbericht

description: Jahresbericht der Universität Ulm 2021
Mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a model of Coxsackievirus B3-induced inflammatory cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Miteva, Kapka
name: Pappritz, Kathleen
name: Sosnowski, Marzena
name: El-Shafeey, Muhammad
name: Müller, Irene
name: Dong, Fengquan
name: Savvatis, Konstantinos
name: Ringe, Jochen
name: Tschöpe, Carsten
name: Linthout, Sophie Van
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cardiomyopathies
subject: Inflammasome
subject: Mesenchymal stem cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Inflammation in myocarditis induces cardiac injury and triggers disease progression to heart failure. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a newly identified amplifying step in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. We previously have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are cardioprotective in Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis. In this study, MSC markedly inhibited left ventricular (LV) NOD2, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA expression in CVB3-infected mice. ASC protein expression, essential for NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, increased upon CVB3 infection and was abrogated in MSC-treated mice. Concomitantly, CVB3 infection in vitro induced NOD2 expression, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in HL-1 cells, which was abolished after MSC supplementation. The inhibitory effect of MSC on NLRP3 inflammasome activity in HL-1 cells was partly mediated via secretion of the anti-oxidative protein stanniocalcin-1. Furthermore, MSC application in CVB3-infected mice reduced the percentage of NOD2-, ASC-, p10- and/or IL-1β- positive splenic macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. The suppressive effect of MSC on inflammasome activation was associated with normalized expression of prominent regulators of myocardial contractility and fibrosis to levels comparable to control mice. In conclusion, MSC treatment in myocarditis could be a promising strategy limiting the adverse consequences of cardiac and systemic NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
FOXO1 confers maintenance of the dark zone proliferation and survival program and can be pharmacologically targeted in burkitt lymphoma
Creators: name: Gehringer, Franziska
name: Weißinger, Stephanie Ellen
name: Swier, Lotteke
name: Möller, Peter
name: Wirth, Thomas
name: Ushmorov, Alexey
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FOXO1
subject: Burkitt lymphoma
subject: germinal center dark zone B cell proliferation program
subject: GERMINAL CENTER LIGHT
subject: C-MYB
subject: DIFFERENTIATION
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: NF-kappa B (DNA-binding protein)
subject: Germinal centers
subject: Cells
subject: Transcription
subject: Inhibition
subject: Expression
subject: Mutations
subject: Burkitt-Lymphom
subject: Myb
subject: Zelle
subject: Transkription
subject: Differenzierung
subject: Aktivierung

description: The FOXO1 transcription factor plays a central role in the proliferation and survival of B cells at several stages of differentiation. B cell malignancies, with exception of classical Hodgkin lymphoma, maintain expression of FOXO1 at levels characteristic for their non-malignant counterparts. Extensive expression profiling had revealed that Burkitt lymphoma (BL) show many characteristics of the dark zone (DZ) germinal center (GC) B cell program. Here we show that FOXO1 knockdown inhibits proliferation of human BL cell lines. The anti-proliferative effect of the FOXO1 knockdown is associated with the repression of the DZ B cell program including expression of MYB, CCND3, RAG2, BACH2, and CXCR4. In addition, the induction of signaling pathways of the light zone (LZ) program like NF-κB and PI3K-AKT was observed. Using a rescue experiment we identified downregulation of the proto-oncogene MYB as a critical factor contributing to the antiproliferative effect of FOXO1 knockdown. In an attempt to estimate the feasibility of pharmacological FOXO1 repression, we found that the small molecular weight FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 induces cell death and growth arrest in BL cell lines at low concentrations. Interestingly, we found that overactivation of FOXO1 also induces growth inhibition in BL cell lines, indicating the importance of a tight regulation of FOXO1 activity in BL
Turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer induced by square-ribbed surface roughness in concentric annuli.
Creators: name: Ahn, Soo Whan.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: In this study, the asymmetric turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer induced by square-rib roughness elements in concentric annuli are analytically studied in an attempt to investigate the resultant effect of artificial roughness on the heat transfer and friction forces. In the analysis, a turbulence model based on a modified Prandtl's mixing length theory based on a previous study of the flow in parallel plates with a rough surface on one side is used to determine the velocity distribution and friction. The two velocity profiles in the problem are matched using a force balance. The temperature distribution is then predicted and heat transfer coefficients are calculated. The results of the velocity profiles and friction factors are in good agreement with the experimental results. The effects of various parameters such as the roughness ratio, the pitch to roughness ratio, the radius ratio, etc. on friction factor and Nusselt number are investigated. The present study demonstrates that certain artificial roughness elements may be used to enhance heat transfer rates with advantages from the overall efficiency point of view.
title: Long-term effect of computer-assisted decision support for antibiotic treatment in critically ill patients
title: a prospective ‘before/after’ cohort study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Nachtigall, I.
name: Tafelski, S.
name: Deja, M.
name: Halle, E.
name: Grebe, M. C.
name: Tamarkin, A.
name: Rothbart, A.
name: Uhrig, A.
name: Meyer, E.
name: Musial-Bright, L.
name: Wernecke, K. D.
name: Spies, C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives Antibiotic resistance has risen dramatically over the past years. For individual patients, adequate initial antibiotic therapy is essential for clinical outcome. Computer-assisted decision support systems (CDSSs) are advocated to support implementation of rational anti-infective treatment strategies based on guidelines. The aim of this study was to evaluate long- term effects after implementation of a CDSS. Design This prospective ‘before/after’ cohort study was conducted over four observation periods within 5 years. One preinterventional period (pre) was compared with three postinterventional periods: directly after intensive implementation efforts (post1), 2 years (post2) and 3 years (post3) after implementation. Setting Five anaesthesiological-managed intensive care units (ICU) (one cardiosurgical, one neurosurgical, two interdisciplinary and one intermediate care) at a university hospital. Participants Adult patients with an ICU stay of >48 h were included in the analysis. 1316 patients were included in the analysis for a total of 12 965 ICU days. Intervention Implementation of a CDSS. Outcome measures The primary end point was percentage of days with guideline adherence during ICU treatment. Secondary end points were antibiotic-free days and all-cause mortality compared for patients with low versus high guideline adherence. Main results Adherence to guidelines increased from 61% prior to implementation to 92% in post1, decreased in post2 to 76% and remained significantly higher compared with baseline in post3, with 71% (p=0.178). Additionally, antibiotic-free days increased over study periods. At all time periods, mortality for patients with low guideline adherence was higher with 12.3% versus 8% (p=0.014) and an adjusted OR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.05 to 2.31). Conclusions Implementation of computerised regional adapted guidelines for antibiotic therapy is paralleled with improved adherence. Even without further measures, adherence stayed high for a longer period and was paralleled by reduced antibiotic exposure. Improved guideline adherence was associated with reduced ICU mortality.