cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Formation of globular clusters in hierarchical cosmology
Creators: name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Gnedin, Oleg Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of globular clusters (GCs) in a Milky Way-size galaxy using a high-resolution cosmological simulation. The clusters in our model form in the dense cores of supergiant molecular clouds in the gaseous disks of high-redshift galaxies. The properties of clusters are estimated using a physically-motivated subgrid model of the isothermal cloud collapse. The first clusters in the simulation form at z ~ 12, while we conjecture that the best conditions for GC formation appear to be at z ~ 3-5. Most clusters form in the progenitor galaxies of the virial mass >10^9 Msun and the total mass of the cluster population is strongly correlated with the mass of its host galaxy with a fraction ~2x10^-4 of the galactic baryons being in the form of GCs. In addition, the mass of the GC population and the maximum cluster mass in a given region strongly correlate with the local average star formation rate. We find that the mass, size, and metallicity distributions of the cluster population identified in the simulation are remarkably similar to the corresponding distributions of the Milky Way globulars. We find no clear mass-metallicity or age-metallicity correlations for the old clusters. The zero-age cluster mass function can be approximated by a power-law, dN/dM ~ M^-alpha, with alpha ~ 2, in agreement with the mass function of young stellar clusters in starbursting galaxies. However, the shape of the zero-age mass function may be better described by the high-mass tail of a lognormal distribution which peaks at ~10^3 Msun. We discuss in detail the origin, universality, and dynamical evolution of the globular cluster mass function. Our results indicate that globular clusters with properties similar to those of observed clusters can form naturally within young dense gaseous disks at z >~ 3 in the LCDM cosmology.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, added discussion of alternative subgrid models + several significant changes to the text, 18 pages, 13 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty), version with high-resolution figures is available at http://astro.uchicago.edu/~andrey/papers/gc1/
Shearlets as Feature Extractor for Semantic Edge Detection: The Model-Based and Data-Driven Realm
Creators: name: Andrade-Loarca, Héctor
name: Kutyniok, Gitta
name: Öktem, Ozan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 42Bxx, 35A18, 65T60, 68T10

description: Semantic edge detection has recently gained a lot of attention as an image processing task, mainly due to its wide range of real-world applications. This is based on the fact that edges in images contain most of the semantic information. Semantic edge detection involves two tasks, namely pure edge detecion and edge classification. Those are in fact fundamentally distinct in terms of the level of abstraction that each task requires, which is known as the distracted supervision paradox that limits the possible performance of a supervised model in semantic edge detection. In this work, we will present a novel hybrid method to avoid the distracted supervision paradox and achieve high-performance in semantic edge detection. Our approach is based on a combination of the model-based concept of shearlets, which provides probably optimally sparse approximations of a model-class of images, and the data-driven method of a suitably designed convolutional neural netwok. Finally, we present several applications such as tomographic reconstruction and show that our approach signifiantly outperforms former methods, thereby indicating the value of such hybrid methods for the area in biomedical imaging.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures. To appear in Proceedings of the Royal Society. Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences
A High-resolution Spectrum of the R CrB Star V2552 Ophiuchi
Creators: name: Rao, N. Kameswara
name: Lambert, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy have added V2552 Oph to the rare class of R Coronae Borealis variables. We confirm this classification of V2552 Oph through a comparison of our high-resolution optical spectrum of this star and that of R CrB and other F-type members of the class. We show that V2552 Oph most closely resembles Y Mus and FH Sct, stars in which Sr, Y, and Zr are enhanced.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PASP Nov issue
On Hamiltonian formulations of the Schrödinger system
Creators: name: Gergely, László Á.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and compare different variational formulations for the Schrödinger field. Some of them rely on the addition of a conveniently chosen total time derivative to the hermitic Lagrangian. Alternatively, the Dirac-Bergmann algorithm yields the Schrödinger equation first as a consistency condition in the full phase space, second as canonical equation in the reduced phase space. The two methods lead to the same (reduced) Hamiltonian. As a third possibility, the Faddeev-Jackiw method is shown to be a shortcut of the Dirac method. By implementing the quantization scheme for systems with second class constraints, inconsistencies of previous treatments are eliminated.
A Self-Timed Chip Set for Microprocessor Communication
Creators: name: Whiting, Douglas Lee
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982
Subjects: Computer Science

description: This paper describes a family of chips used to link multiple processors together on a speed-independent communication bus. Sendership arbitration is included as an integral part of the signalling scheme, incurring very little overhead and providing a measure of fairness. The protocol allows for one-to-many communication in which the sender must wait for all receivers to respond to each datum transmitted. The width of the data bus is arbitrary, and only three control wires are necessary for normal transmission cycles. In order to alleviate congestion, the global bus may be divided into several local buses by a method which is entirely transparent to the processor software. Thus the bus topology may be reconfigured for each processing network using these chips as building blocks.

Functional verification of speed-independent circuits is also discussed. The problem is seen to be very complex, but some conclusions are drawn about the type of tools which will be helpful in implementing self-timed systems.
Time delay measurement of the lensed quasar HE1104-1805
Creators: name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Maoz, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the time delay between the two images of the gravitationally lensed quasar HE1104-1805 by combining observations made with the Wise Observatory 1m telescope and published observations of this system by Schechter et al., spanning a total of five years, from 1997 to 2002. Based on a variety of techniques, we find that the best fit time delay is -161 (+/-7)(+34 -11) days. The 68% and 95% confidence intervals include the systematic errors due to an observed component of uncorrelated variability between images. The delay is shorter than predicted by simple models and may indicate a large external shear or a large value of the Hubble parameter, h>0.75 (95% confidence). The residual light curve between the two images shows a longterm trend of ~0.04 mag/yr, presumably the result of microlensing by stars in the lens galaxy, but also short timescale (~1 month) variability with a mean amplitude of about 0.07 mag.
description: 7 pages, ApJ, in press
The History of Digital Spam
Creators: name: Ferrara, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spam!: that's what Lorrie Faith Cranor and Brian LaMacchia exclaimed in the title of a popular call-to-action article that appeared twenty years ago on Communications of the ACM. And yet, despite the tremendous efforts of the research community over the last two decades to mitigate this problem, the sense of urgency remains unchanged, as emerging technologies have brought new dangerous forms of digital spam under the spotlight. Furthermore, when spam is carried out with the intent to deceive or influence at scale, it can alter the very fabric of society and our behavior. In this article, I will briefly review the history of digital spam: starting from its quintessential incarnation, spam emails, to modern-days forms of spam affecting the Web and social media, the survey will close by depicting future risks associated with spam and abuse of new technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (e.g., Digital Humans). After providing a taxonomy of spam, and its most popular applications emerged throughout the last two decades, I will review technological and regulatory approaches proposed in the literature, and suggest some possible solutions to tackle this ubiquitous digital epidemic moving forward.
MOESM1 of Prevalence and policy of occupational violence against oral healthcare workers: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Binmadi, Nada
name: Jazia Alblowi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-07-02)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Migration of Jupiter-Family Comets and Resonant Asteroids to Near-Earth Space
Creators: name: Ipatov, S. I.
name: Mather, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital evolution of about 20000 Jupiter-crossing objects and 1500 resonant asteroids under the gravitational influence of planets was investigated. The rate of their collisions with the terrestrial planets was estimated by computing the probabilities of collisions based on random-phase approximations and the orbital elements sampled with a 500 yr step. The Bulirsh-Stoer and a symplectic orbit integrators gave similar results for orbital evolution, but sometimes gave different collision probabilities with the Sun. For orbits close to that of Comet 2P, the mean collision probabilities of Jupiter-crossing objects with the terrestrial planets were greater by two orders of magnitude than for some other comets. For initial orbital elements close to those of Comets 2P, 10P, 44P and 113P, a few objects (~0.1%) got Earth-crossing orbits with semi-major axes a<2 AU and moved in such orbits for more than 1 Myr (up to tens or even hundreds of Myrs). Some of them even got inner-Earth orbits (i.e., with aphelion distance Q<0.983 AU) and Aten orbits. Most former trans-Neptunian objects that have typical near-Earth object orbits moved in such orbits for millions of years (if they did not disintegrate into mini-comets), so during most of this time they were extinct comets.
description: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 18 pages, 5 Figures, submitted
MOESM1 of DNA methylation data by sequencing: experimental approaches and recommendations for tools and pipelines for data analysis
Creators: name: Rauluseviciute, Ieva
name: DrablÃ¸S, Finn
name: Rye, Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. The file consists of short instructions on how to run recommended tools and pipelines, including some examples.
Surface Instability of a Multi-Component Condensate and Andreev-Bashkin effect
Creators: name: Abanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that surface of a liquid consisting of several interpenetrating superfluids becomes unstable at some threshold. We demonstrate that the criterion for the onset of the instability changes in the presence of dissipative interaction between the surface and the environment. Possible physical applications of the surface instability are discussed.
description: 5 pages, submitted to JETP Letters
Agriculture in the European Economic Community: An Annotated Bibliography, 1958-66
Creators: name: Hedges, Brian D.
name: Friend, Reed E.
name: Hedges, Brian D.
name: Friend, Reed E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the Preface: This bibliography provides an annotated list of over 300 publications dealing with various aspects of agriculture in the European Economic Community (EEC). The major emphasis, however, is on studies dealing with factors affecting the demand, supply, and trade of agricultural commodities. Some of the listings pertain only to individual member countries. Roughly half of the entries were prepared from abstracts provided through a contract with Oxford University, Oxford, England. The rest were prepared from documents obtained by the Europe and Soviet Union Branch, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, with the exception of a few entries prepared from the World Agricultural Economic and Rural Sociology Abstracts.
Matrix ensembles with global symmetries and 't Hooft anomalies from 2d gauge theory
Creators: name: Kapec, Daniel
name: Mahajan, Raghu
name: Stanford, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hilbert space of a quantum system with internal global symmetry $G$ decomposes into sectors labelled by irreducible representations of $G$. If the system is chaotic, the energies in each sector should separately resemble ordinary random matrix theory. We show that such "sector-wise" random matrix ensembles arise as the boundary dual of two-dimensional gravity with a $G$ gauge field in the bulk. Within each sector, the eigenvalue density is enhanced by a nontrivial factor of the dimension of the representation, and the ground state energy is determined by the quadratic Casimir. We study the consequences of 't Hooft anomalies in the matrix ensembles, which are incorporated by adding specific topological terms to the gauge theory action. The effect is to introduce projective representations into the decomposition of the Hilbert space. Finally, we consider ensembles with $G$ symmetry and time reversal symmetry, and analyze a simple case of a mixed anomaly between time reversal and an internal $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry.
description: 49 pages, 1 figure
Lactose binding to the E. coli symport protein Lac permease
Creators: name: Worthen, Denise Lynne
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1989
Subjects: Chemistry

description: Lac permease is a symport protein which responsible for the active accumulation of lactose in E. coli. The protein utilizes the energy from the downhill translocation of protons to drive uphill accumulation of lactose. This work reports the direct measurement by proton NMR of lactose binding to lac permease of E. coli membrane vesicles. The technique allows the determination of the K_d of lactose binding to lac permease binding sites. The results presented here show that the assay is specific for lac permease binding sites and that the assay can distinguish differences in binding affinity for different site specific mutants of lac permease. Determination of the Kd for lactose binding is important in determining which residues are important for lactose binding.
MOESM1 of Promotion of osteoclastogenesis by IL-26 in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Kyung-Ann Lee
name: Kyoung-Woon Kim
name: Bo-Mi Kim
name: Won, Ji-Yeon
name: Min, Hong
name: Dhong Lee
name: Hae-Rim Kim
name: Sang-Heon Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Expression of IL-20RA and IL-10RB in FLSs from osteoarthritis OA patients. OA-FLSs were cultured with IL-26 at various concentrations, and the IL-20RA and IL-10RB mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). Figure S2. Effect of IL-26 on proinflammatory cytokine levels in FLSs from RA patients. Following culture of RA synovial fibroblasts with rhIL-26 for 72 h, concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the culture media were determined by sandwich ELISA. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). Figure S3. Expression of IL-20RA and IL-10RB in osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were cultured with IL-26 at various concentrations, and IL-20RA and IL-10RB mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***P
The redshift distribution of gravitational lenses revisited: Constraints on galaxy mass evolution
Creators: name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Maoz, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshifts of lens galaxies in known gravitational lens systems probe the volume distribution of lensing mass. Following earlier work by Kochanek, we re-derive the lens redshift probability distribution, allowing for mass and number density evolution of the lensing galaxies, and apply this test to a much enlarged sample of lens systems. From a literature survey of all known lenses, we have selected an unbiased sample of 15 lenses with complete redshift information. For a flat Universe and no lens evolution, we can only put an upper limit on the cosmological constant of Omega_lambda<0.89 at the 95% CL. Omega_lambda~0.7 and no evolution is consistent with the data. Allowing for evolution in an Omega_m=0.3, Omega_lambda=0.7 cosmology, we find that the best-fit evolution in sigma* (i.e., the characteristic velocity dispersion in a Schechter-like function) of early-type galaxies, in the redshift range z~0 to 1, is d[log sigma*(z)]/dz=-0.10+/-0.06. This is consistent with no evolution and implies that, at 95% CL, sigma* of early-type galaxies at z~1 was at least 63% of its current value. Alternatively, if there is no mass evolution, a present-day value of sigma*>175 km/s for elliptical galaxies is required (95% CL).
description: 15 pages, MNRAS, in press
null Zusammenhang zwischen motorischen Fertigkeiten und exekutiven Funktionen im Vorschul- und frühen Erwachsenenalter
Creators: name: Stuhr, Christina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychology
subject: 796 Athletic & outdoor sports & games

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde sich mit dem Zusammenhang zwischen motorischen Fertigkeiten und exekutiven Funktionen beschäftigt. Die bisherige Literatur liefert heterogene Befunde, was darauf schließen lässt, dass das Domänenzusammenspiel unterschiedlichen Einflussfaktoren unterliegt. Damit langfristig Fördermaßnahmen zur Verbesserung exekutiver Funktionen abgeleitet werden können, die mitunter evtl. motorischer Natur sein könnten, muss die Interaktion zwischen den Domänen intensiver untersucht und verstanden werden. Zur Bearbeitung dieser Forschungsfrage wurden 3 Teilstudien durchgeführt.
A Study of Recent Changes in Beef and Pork Margins
Creators: name: Ladd, George W.
name: Duncan, Steve S.
name: Ladd, George W.
name: Duncan, Steve S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: Before the late 1970's farm-retail price spreads for beef and pork were fairly stable and predictable. Since around 1978-1980, price spreads have (a) increased, (b) become more volatile, and (c) changedseasonal patterns. The reasons for the changes are not well understood. Our inability to account for them has made it difficult for outlook workers to make reliable price predictions. This study investigates possible explanations of the changes in the margins. Finding explanations may pave the way for more reliable price forecasts.
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-07-03)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Nucleation and shape dynamics of model nematic tactoids around adhesive colloids
Creators: name: Ludwig, Nicholas B.
name: Weirich, Kimberly
name: Alster, Eli
name: Witten, Thomas A.
name: Gardel, Margaret L.
name: Dasbiswas, Kinjal
name: Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have shown how nematically-ordered tactoid shaped actin droplets can be reorganized and divided by the action of myosin molecular motors. In this paper, we consider how similar morphological changes can potentially be achieved under equilibrium conditions. Using simulations, both atomistic and continuum, and a phenomenological model, we explore how the nucleation dynamics, shape changes, and the final steady state of a nematic tactoid droplet can be modified by interactions with model adhesive colloids that mimic a myosin motor cluster. Our results provide a prescription for the minimal conditions required to stabilize tactoid reorganization and division in an equilibrium colloidal-nematic setting.
description: 8 pages + appendices
Formation of Massive Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters. I. Mass Segregation and Core Collapse
Creators: name: Gürkan, M. Atakan
name: Freitag, Marc
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the early dynamical evolution of young, dense star clusters using Monte Carlo simulations for systems with up to N~10^7 stars. Rapid mass segregation of massive main-sequence stars and the development of the Spitzer instability can drive these systems to core collapse in a small fraction of the initial half-mass relaxation time. If the core collapse time is less than the lifetime of the massive stars, all stars in the collapsing core may then undergo a runaway collision process leading to the formation of a massive black hole. Here we study in detail the first step in this process, up to the occurrence of core collapse. We have performed about 100 simulations for clusters with a wide variety of initial conditions, varying systematically the cluster density profile, stellar IMF, and number of stars. We also considered the effects of initial mass segregation and stellar evolution mass loss. Our results show that, for clusters with a moderate initial central concentration and any realistic IMF, the ratio of core collapse time to initial half-mass relaxation time is typically ~0.1, in agreement with the value previously found by direct N-body simulations for much smaller systems. Models with even higher central concentration initially, or with initial mass segregation (from star formation) have even shorter core-collapse times. Remarkably, we find that, for all realistic initial conditions, the mass of the collapsing core is always close to ~10^-3 of the total cluster mass, very similar to the observed correlation between central black hole mass and total cluster mass in a variety of environments. We discuss the implications of our results for the formation of intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters and super star clusters, ultraluminous X-ray sources, and seed black holes in proto-galactic nuclei.
description: 22 pages with emulateapj.sty, 15 figures and 3 tables. Minor modifications, published in ApJ
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-07-04)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Binding of muonated hydrogen molecules on the occasionof the Born-Oppenheimer approximation 90th anniversary
Creators: name: Varandas, António J. C.
name: da Providência, João
name: da Providência, João P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of four fermionic particles with unit charge, of which, two are positively, and two negatively charged, is discussed. Except for using the simplest approximation of a single Gaussian orbital per particle, the problem is exactly solved variationally and, by varying the masses to simulate molecular di-hydrogen, mono-muonated di-hydrogen and di-muonated di-hydrogen, employed to illustrate the celebrated Born-Oppenheimer approximation on the occasion of its 90th anniversary. It is suggested that it is valid only for di-hydrogen.
A note on the triviality of kappa-deformations of gravity
Creators: name: Grumiller, D.
name: Kummer, W.
name: Vassilevich, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some simple observations concerning certain kappa-deformations in the framework of 2D dilaton gravity formulated as Poisson-sigma models are discussed, and the question of (non-)triviality is addressed.
description: 5 pages (twocolumn), proceedings contribution to the XIV Hutsulian workshop on "Mathematical Theories and their Physical & Technical Applications", v2: version as it appears in the Ukrainian Journal of Physics, added references and clarifying remarks
A Merged Catalog of Clusters of Galaxies from Early SDSS Data
Creators: name: Bahcall, Neta A.
name: McKay, Timothy A.
name: Annis, James
name: Kim, Rita
name: Dong, Feng
name: Hansen, Sarah
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Gunn, James E.
name: Miller, Chris
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Postman, Marc
name: Schneider, Don
name: Schroeder, Josh
name: Voges, Wolfgang
name: Brinkmann, Jon
name: Fukugita, Masataka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of 799 clusters of galaxies in the redshift range z_est = 0.05 - 0.3 selected from ~400 deg^2 of early SDSS commissioning data along the celestial equator. The catalog is based on merging two independent selection methods -- a color-magnitude red-sequence maxBCG technique (B), and a Hybrid Matched-Filter method (H). The BH catalog includes clusters with richness Λ>= 40 (Matched-Filter) and N_gal >= 13 (maxBCG), corresponding to typical velocity dispersion of σ_v >~ 400 km s^{-1} and mass (within 0.6 h^{-1) Mpc radius) >~ 5*10^{13} h^{-1} M_sun. This threshold is below Abell richness class 0 clusters. The average space density of these clusters is 2*10^{-5} h^3 Mpc^{-3}. All NORAS X-ray clusters and 53 of the 58 Abell clusters in the survey region are detected in the catalog; the 5 additional Abell clusters are detected below the BH catalog cuts. The cluster richness function is determined and found to exhibit a steeply decreasing cluster abundance with increasing richness. We derive observational scaling relations between cluster richness and observed cluster luminosity and cluster velocity dispersion; these scaling relations provide important physical calibrations for the clusters. The catalog can be used for studies of individual clusters, for comparisons with other sources such as X-ray clusters and AGNs, and, with proper correction for the relevant selection functions, also for statistical analyses of clusters.
description: AASTeX, 62 pages, including 14 figures and 4 tables, submitted to ApJS. Paper with full-resolution figures at http://astro.princeton.edu/~feng/sdss_cluster.ps
Survol virtuel du canyon de Capbreton
Creators: name: Bourillet, Jean-François
name: Gaillot, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2019

description: Une longue descente au dessus  du Nord-Ouest de l'Europe permet de situer la canyon de Cabreton. Le survol virtuel du canyon depuis les profondeurs du glacis du golfe de Gascogne jusqu'à sa tête représente une remontée de plus de 4500 m. Les élements remarquables du canyon sont dévoilés : connexion au rivage, fort encaissement, cours du thalweg sinueux mais à pente constante, pockmarks, glissement de terrain, terrasse, ..... Le canyon de Capbreton a servi de modèle pour désigner les canyons de type "gouf".
Présenté lors de la 3è journée du Gouf (15/09/2019) : "Le Gouf, un canyon pas si tranquille".L'animation est basée sur plusieurs modèles numériques de terrain issus de plusieurs campagnes à la mer et a été réalisée par PIX-FACTORY.
 
Overview of Capbreton gouf (2mn)
A long descent over Northwestern Europe locates the Cabreton Canyon. The virtual flight over the canyon from the depths of the Bay of Biscay glacis to its head represents an ascent of over 4500m. The remarkable elements of the canyon are revealed: connection to the shore, deep incision, course of the sinuous but constant slope thalweg, pockmarks, landslide, terrace, ..... The canyon of Capbreton served as a model to designate the canyons of "gouf" type.
Presented during the 3rd day of the Gouf (15/09/2019): "The Gouf, a not so quiet canyon". The animation is based on several digital terrain models from several campaigns at sea and was produced by PIX -FACTORY.
Modeling subgrid combustion processes in simulations of thermonuclear supernovae
Creators: name: Townsley, Dean M.
name: Calder, Alan C.
name: Miles, Broxton J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernovae of type Ia are thought to arise from the thermonuclear incineration of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf stellar remnant. However, the detailed explosion scenario and stellar evolutionary origin scenario -- or scenarios -- which lead to observed supernovae are still quite uncertain. One of the principal tests of proposed scenarios is comparison with the explosion products inferred, for example, from the spectrum of the supernovae. Making this comparison requires computation of the combustion dynamics and products through simulation of proposed scenarios. Here we discuss two specific proposed explosion scenarios, the deflagration-detonation transition and the helium shell double detonation, With these two examples in mind, we proceed to discuss challenges to computational modeling of the combustion taking place in these explosions. Both subsonically and supersonically propagating reaction fronts are discussed, called deflagrations and detonations respectively. Several major stages of the combustion occur on length and time scales that are many orders of magnitude smaller than those accessible in simulations of the explosion. Models which attempt to capture this sub-grid behavior and the verification of those models is briefly discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, proceedings from the 13th International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM-2018)
Optimized Analog Information Multiplexing Across Custom-Tailored MetaCavity Configurations
Creators: name: del Hougne, Philipp
name: Davy, Matthieu
name: Kuhl, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining tunable metasurfaces with chaotic cavities opens new avenues for finely tailored dynamic control of microwaves with programmable coding metacavities (PCMs). There is currently a strong interest in utilizing PCMs to overcome the notorious difficulty of coherent measurements across large apertures at radiofrequencies, with important applications in imaging and sensing for security screening, medical diagnosis and human-computer interaction. Such approaches rely on multiplexing spatially encoded information across a random sequence of PCM coding patterns for single-port single-frequency acquisition. Here, it is shown that a judiciously tailored rather than random coding sequence is necessary to unlock the full potential of PCMs for analog multiplexing. Specifically, the singular value spectrum of the multiplexing channel matrix is tailored to be perfectly flat - as opposed to downward sloping. In-situ experiments show that thereby the number of necessary measurements to achieve a given reconstruction quality is lowered by a factor of 2.5. Computational imaging and other microwave metrology applications are expected to benefit from the resulting reduction in acquisition time, processing burden and latency. The proposed approach and platform also set the stage for future studies in the emerging field of wave control through engineered wave chaos.
description: 15 pages including 3 figures + 15 pages Supplementary Material
Hierarchical Nets: A Structured Petri Net Approach to Concurrency
Creators: name: Choo, Young-il
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982
Subjects: Computer science
Computer Science

description: Liveness and safeness are two key properties Petri nets should have when they are used to model asynchronous systems. The analysis of liveness and safeness for general Petri nets, though shown to be decidable by Mayr [1981], is still computationally expensive (Lipton [1976]). In this paper an hierarchical approach is taken: a class of Petri nets is recursively defined starting with simple, live and safe structures, becoming progressively more complex using net transformations designed to preserve liveness and safeness.

Using simple net transformations, nice nets, which are live and safe, are defined. Their behavior is too restrictive for modeling non-trivial systems, so the mutual exclusion and the repetition constructs are added to get µ-ρ-nets. Since the use of mutual exclusions can cause deadlock, and the use of repetitions can cause loss of safeness, restrictions for their use are given. Using µ-ρ-nets as the building blocks, hierarchical nets are defined. When the mutual exclusion and repetition constructs are allowed between hierarchical nets, distributed hierarchical nets are obtained. Examples of distributed hierarchical nets used to solve synchronization problems
are given.

General net transformations not preserving liveness or safeness, and a notion of duality are presented, and their effect on Petri net behavior is considered.
MOESM3 of Angiogenic inflammation and formation of necrosis in the tumor microenvironment influence patient survival after radical surgery for de novo hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhosis
Creators: name: Atanasov, Georgi
name: Dino, Karoline
name: Schierle, Katrin
name: Dietel, Corinna
name: Aust, Gabriela
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Seehofer, Daniel
name: Schmelzle, Moritz
name: Hans-Michael Hau
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Antibodies and reagents used for immunohistology. Table S2. Association of the presence of liver steatosis with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma as determined by the chi-squared (χ2) test. The Fischer test was applied when the number of patients in the subgroups was less than five (n
Magnetic Field Induced Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in YbAgGe Single Crystal
Creators: name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Morosan, E. Q. T.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed anisotropic resistivity and heat capacity measurements down to ~0.4 K and up to 140 kOe are reported for a single crystalline YbAgGe. Based on these data YbAgGe, a member of the hexagonal RAgGe series, can be classified as new, stoichiometric heavy fermion compound with two magnetic ordering temperatures below 1 K and field-induced non-Fermi-liquid behavior above 45-70 kOe and 80-110 kOe for $H || (ab) and H || c respectively.
The Probability Distribution Function of Light in the Universe: Results from Hydrodynamic Simulations
Creators: name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
name: Nagamine, Kentaro
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Fukugita, Masataka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While second and higher order correlations of the light distribution have received extensive study, the lowest order probability distribution function (PDF) -- the probability that a unit volume of space will emit a given amount of light -- has received very little attention. We estimate this function with the aid of hydrodynamic simulations of the Lambda CDM model, finding it significantly different from the mass density PDF, and not simply related to it by linear bias or any of the other prescriptions commonly adopted. If the optical light PDF is, in reality, similar to what we find in the simulations, then some measures of Omega_M based on mass-to-light ratio and the cosmic virial theorem will have significantly underestimated Omega_M. Basically, the problem is one of selection bias, with galaxy forming regions being unrepresentative of the dark matter distribution in a way not described by linear bias. Knowledge of the optical PDF and the plausible assumption of a log-normal distribution for the matter PDF will allow one to correct for these selection biases. We find that this correction (which amounts to 20-30%) brings the values of Omega_M estimated by using the mass-to-light ratio and the cosmic virial theorem to the range 0.2-0.3, in better agreement with the WMAP result than the uncorrected estimates. In addition, the relation between mass and light PDFs gives us insight concerning the nature of the void phenomenon. In particular our simulation indicates that 20% of mass is distributed in voids, which occupy 85% of volume in the universe.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Additional file 3: of De novo transcriptomic assembly and mRNA expression patterns of Botryosphaeria dothidea infection with mycoviruses chrysovirus 1 (BdCV1) and partitivirus 1 (BdPV1)
Creators: name: Wang, Lihua
name: Luo, Hui
name: Hu, Wangcheng
name: Yang, Yuekun
name: Hong, Ni
name: Wang, Guoping
name: Wang, Aiming
name: Wang, Liping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S3. The consistency of unigene sequences from PCR detection and cloning with De novo sequencing. (XLSX 46 kb) (DOCX 17 kb)
Arc Length method, an application of artificial intelligence in infrastructure crack monitoring.pdf
Creators: name: Asjodi, Amir Hossein
name: Dolatshahi, Kiarash M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90506 Structural Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Although manual crack inspection has been widely used for structural health monitoring over the last decades, the development of computer vision methods allows continuous monitoring and compensates the human judgment inaccuracy. In this study, an image-based method entitled, Arc Length method is introduced for extracting crack pattern characteristics, including crack width, and crack length. The method contains two major steps; in the first step, the crack zones are estimated in the whole image. Afterwards, the algorithm finds the start point, follows the crack pattern, and measures the crack features, such as crack width, crack length, and crack pattern angle. The application of this approach plays a significant role in the maintenance and crack monitoring of infrastructures, such as concrete bridges and tunnels.
Computing the development of disturbances in the Blasius boundary layer due to localized unsteady two-dimensional wall injection
Creators: name: Doan, Phuc The
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.

The localized unsteady two-dimensional wall injection of fluid into the Blasius boundary layer was mathematically modeled as a mixed initial-value boundary-value problem. Here the magnitude of the initial disturbance was sufficiently small so that the problem was linear. For the case of parallel mean flow, detailed formulation was discussed, and then, as an illustration, the problem of instantaneous blowing through a narrow slit in the wall was specifically analyzed and computed at a Reynolds number based on displacement thickness of 750 with the result showing a wave packet traveling at .44 times the speed of the freestream, amplifying like [...], spreading like 0.1x, where x is the distance from the slit, and eventually containing only frequencies whose imaginary parts lie between 0.009 and -0.010. To account for the effect of the boundary layer growth on the evolution of the disturbance, a perturbation method based on the idea of multiple scales was presented.
Migration of Interplanetary Dust
Creators: name: Ipatov, S. I.
name: Mather, J. C.
name: Taylor, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the migration of dust particles with initial orbits close to those of the numbered asteroids, observed trans-Neptunian objects, and Comet Encke. The fraction of silicate asteroidal particles that collided with the Earth during their lifetime varied from 1.1% for 100 micron particles to 0.008% for 1 micron particles. Almost all asteroidal particles with diameter d>4 microns collided with the Sun. The peaks in the migrating asteroidal dust particles' semi-major axis distribution at the n:(n+1) resonances with Earth and Venus and the gaps associated with the 1:1 resonances with these planets are more pronounced for larger particles. The probability of collisions of cometary particles with the Earth is smaller than for asteroidal particles, and this difference is greater for larger particles.
description: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 15 pages, 8 Figures, submitted
MOESM4 of Predicting the clinical trajectory in critically ill patients with sepsis: a cohort study
Creators: name: Klouwenberg, Peter Klein
name: Spitoni, Cristian
name: Poll, Tom Van Der
name: Bonten, Marc
name: Cremer, Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Predisposition, infection, response, and organ failure (PIRO) characteristics of patients stratified by level of organ failure at admission in the validation cohort. Data are numbers (percentage) or median (inter-quartile range). Abbreviations: APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ICU Intensive Care Unit; SIRS Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.