cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of hydroxyapatite coated micromachined substrata on osteogenesis
Creators: name: Perizzolo, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Osteogenesis was studied using rat bone cells cultured on hydroxyapatite (HA) or titanium (Ti) coated smooth and grooved substrata. Osteoblast cultures were maintained from 24hrs to 6 weeks in culture medium and supplemented with L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate and β- glycerophosphate to promote mineralization. The HA coatings were characterized using X-ray diffraction, surface roughness and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ceramic hydroxyapatite coating, was dense and uniform, containing HA crystals and was ≈ 1µm thick. Time-lapse cinemicrography of osteoblasts locomotion on HA surfaces revealed osteoblasts moved with the direction of the grooves, that is they exhibited contact guidance. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed osteoblasts were elongated and orientated on both Ti and HA grooved surfaces. Collagen fibers, as assessed by picro-sirius staining and polarized light microscopy, were aligned on both HA and Ti grooved surfaces. Although not quantified, it appeared that nodule formation was greatest under culture conditions that produced aligned collagen. Osteogenesis was measured by counts of tetracycline labelled bone-like nodules and alkaline phosphatase activity. HA coated surfaces produced significantly more mineralized nodules than Ti surfaces. Surfaces with grooves and narrow gaps produced the highest number of nodules. All grooved substrata produced significantly more nodules than smooth surfaces. These results are consistent with the concept that substrata that form a microenvironment by restricting diffusion increase bone-like tissue production. A novel finding in this thesis was that there was a statistically significant interaction between topography and chemistry in the formation of mineralized nodules. An excellent correlation (r= 0.958) between alkaline phosphatase at 2 weeks and nodule counts at 6 weeks was observed, suggesting that Alk-P is a good leading indicator of osteogenesis on microfabricated surfaces. Therefore Alk-P might be used to screen surfaces for their nodule production, thus saving time and expense. The results of this study indicated that topography and chemistry can affect osteogenesis on biomaterials, and that interactions between chemistry and topography can occur.
MODELING THE IMPACT OF FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION ON HEALTH OUTCOMES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
Creators: name: Asfaw, Abay
name: Frohberg, Klaus
name: James, K.S.
name: Jutting, Johannes Paul
name: Asfaw, Abay
name: Frohberg, Klaus
name: James, K.S.
name: Jutting, Johannes Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Political Economy

description: Over the last two decades, many countries around the world have been enthusiastically embarking on the path of decentralization. Decentralization has been advocated as a powerful means to improve the provision of health care services and health outcomes in developing countries. However, due to a preconceived idea that decentralization will result in efficient allocation of public resources and lack of an analytical framework to systematically analyze its impact on health outcomes, very little empirical works have been done in this area. Scant attention has also been given to analyze factors enabling or constraining its outcomes. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model and use it to test empirically the impact of fiscal decentralization on rural infant mortality rates in India between 1990 and 1997. The random effect regression results show that fiscal decentralization plays a statistically significant role in reducing rural infant mortality rate in India and the results are robust to the way the decentralization variable is measured and to different model specifications. The results also show that the effectiveness of fiscal decentralization can be affected by other complementary factors such as the level of political decentralization. States who have good fiscal and political decentralization index are twice more effective in reducing infant mortality rates than states with high fiscal but low political decentralization index.
Secure Direct Communication Based on Secret Transmitting Order of Particles
Creators: name: Zhu, Ai-Dong
name: Xia, Yan
name: Fan, Qiu-Bo
name: Zhang, Shou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the schemes of quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) based on secret transmitting order of particles. In these protocols, the secret transmitting order of particles ensures the security of communication, and no secret messages are leaked even if the communication is interrupted for security. This strategy of security for communication is also generalized to quantum dialogue. It not only ensures the unconditional security but also improves the efficiency of communication.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. A
On the lack of semimartingale property
Creators: name: Prokaj, Vilmos
name: Bondici, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we extend the characterization of semimartingale functions in Cinlar et al. (1980) to the non-Markovian setting. We prove that if a function of a semimartingale remains a semimartingale, then under certain conditions the function must have intervals where it is a difference of two convex functions. Under suitable conditions this property also holds for random functions. As an application, we prove that the median process defined in Prokaj et al. (2011) is not a semimartingale. The same process appears also in Hu and Warren (2000) where the question of the semimartingale property is raised but not settled.
description: 26 pages, revised version
Temperature dependence of spinon and holon excitations in one-dimensional Mott insulators
Creators: name: Matsueda, Hiroaki
name: Bulut, Nejat
name: Tohyama, Takami
name: Maekawa, Sadamichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements on one-dimensional Mott insulators, SrCuO${}_{2}$ and Na${}_{0.96}$V${}_{2}$O${}_{5}$, we examine the single-particle spectral weight of the one-dimensional (1D) Hubbard model at half-filling. We are particularly interested in the temperature dependence of the spinon and holon excitations. For this reason, we have performed the dynamical density matrix renormalization group and determinantal quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations for the single-particle spectral weight of the 1D Hubbard model. In the QMC data, the spinon and holon branches become observable at temperatures where the short-range antiferromagnetic correlations develop. At these temperatures, the spinon branch grows rapidly. In the light of the numerical results, we discuss the spinon and holon branches observed by the ARPES experiments on SrCuO${}_{2}$. These numerical results are also in agreement with the temperature dependence of the ARPES results on Na${}_{0.96}$V${}_{2}$O${}_{5}$.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
COMPOSED ERROR MODEL FOR INSECT DAMAGE FUCNTIONS: YIELD IMPACT OF ROTATION RESISTANT WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM IN ILLINOIS
Creators: name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Gray, Michael E.
name: Steffey, Kevin L.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Gray, Michael E.
name: Steffey, Kevin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper describes a composed error model for estimating the conditional distribution of yield loss to serve as an insect damage function. The two-part error separates yield variability due to pest damage from other non-pest factors such as soil heterogeneity, non-uniform application of agronomic practices, and measurement errors. Various common functional forms (linear, quadratic, Cobb-Douglas, negative exponential, hyperbolic, sigmoid) for the pest damage function are presented and parameter estimation is described. As an empirical illustration, the model is used to estimate a damage function for corn rootworm, the most damaging insect pest of corn in the United States. The estimated damage function gives expected proportional yield loss as a function of the root rating difference and is used to estimate yield loss due to rotation resistant western corn rootworm in east-central Illinois. The estimated average yield loss is 11.6%, more than enough to cover the cost of a soil insecticide application. However, tremendous variability in actual loss exists, so that the probability that actual loss is less than the cost of a soil insecticide ranges 32-45%, depending on the assumed yield and price. As a result, IPM methods potentially have great value, since they can eliminate uneconomical soil insecticide applications.
Feedback Prediction for Proactive HARQ in the Context of Industrial Internet of Things
Creators: name: Göktepe, Baris
name: Rykova, Tatiana
name: Fehrenbach, Thomas
name: Schierl, Thomas
name: Hellge, Cornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we investigate proactive Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) using link-level simulations for multiple packet sizes, modulation orders, BLock Error Rate (BLER) targets and two delay budgets of 1 ms and 2 ms, in the context of Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) applications. In particular, we propose an enhanced proactive HARQ protocol using a feedback prediction mechanism. We show that the enhanced protocol achieves a significant gain over the classical proactive HARQ in terms of energy efficiency for almost all evaluated BLER targets at least for sufficiently large feedback delays. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed protocol clearly outperforms the classical proactive HARQ in all scenarios when taking a processing delay reduction due to the less complex prediction approach into account, achieving an energy efficiency gain in the range of 11% up to 15% for very stringent latency budgets of 1 ms at $10^{-2}$ BLER and from 4% up to 7.5% for less stringent latency budgets of 2 ms at $10^{-3}$ BLER. Furthermore, we show that power-constrained proactive HARQ with prediction even outperforms unconstrained reactive HARQ for sufficiently large feedback delays.
INSECURITY OF PROPERTY RIGHTS AND MATCHING IN THE TENANCY MARKET
Creators: name: Macours, Karen
name: Macours, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper analyzes the effects of insecure property rights over land on the functioning of the land rental market in the Dominican Republic. It shows that insecurity of property rights not only reduces the level of activity of the land rental market, but also causes market segmentation. A principal-agent framework is used to model the utility maximization of both the tenant and the landlord, where the landlord accounts for the risk of losing the land when it is not traded within a narrow local circle of confidence. Using data collected with a new methodology that enable the entire market to be characterized, we show that insecure property rights lead to matching in the tenancy markets along socio-economic group and hence severely limit access to land for the rural poor. Our results also show the importance of a minimum endowment of assets to obtain access to land in the rental market.
Particles and propagators in Lorentz-violating supergravity
Creators: name: Allen, Roland E.
name: Yokoo, Seiichirou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the propagators for spin 1/2 fermions and sfermions in Lorentz-violating supergravity.
description: 6 pages, to be published in Proceedings of the Third Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, edited by V. A. Kostelecky (World Scientific)
3_ReviewerInvitations.pdf
Creators: name: organisers, ITAKOM
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330405
subject: Public participation and community engagement
classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education
classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services
classificationCode: 350502
subject: Employment equity and diversity

description: This document is part of a Figshare collection related to planning the It Takes All Kinds of Minds (ITAKOM) neurodiversity conference, which took place in March 2023. Versions of these documents have been released as examples that may be useful to others.
Smooth braneworld in $6$-dimensional asymptotically AdS spacetime
Creators: name: Wan, Jun-Jie
name: Cui, Zheng-Quan
name: Feng, Wen-Bin
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a $6$-dimensional smooth thick braneworld model which contains a compact extra dimension and an infinite large one. The braneworld is generated by a real scalar field with a $ϕ^6$ potential and the bulk is asymptotically $\text{AdS}_6$ spacetime. The geometry achieves the localization of the free $U(1)$ gauge field, which is a problem in the $5$-dimensional Randall-Sundrum-like models. In addition, we analyze the stability of the braneworld system and the localization of gravitons.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
The Algebro-Geometric Toda Hierarchy Initial Value Problem for Complex-Valued Initial Data
Creators: name: Gesztesy, Fritz
name: Holden, Helge
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the algebro-geometric initial value problem for the Toda hierarchy with complex-valued initial data and prove unique solvability globally in time for a set of initial (Dirichlet divisor) data of full measure. To this effect we develop a new algorithm for constructing stationary complex-valued algebro-geometric solutions of the Toda hierarchy, which is of independent interest as it solves the inverse algebro-geometric spectral problem for generally non-self-adjoint Jacobi operators, starting from a suitably chosen set of initial divisors of full measure. Combined with an appropriate first-order system of differential equations with respect to time (a substitute for the well-known Dubrovin equations), this yields the construction of global algebro-geometric solutions of the time-dependent Toda hierarchy. The inherent non-self-adjointness of the underlying Lax (i.e., Jacobi) operator associated with complex-valued coefficients for the Toda hierarchy poses a variety of difficulties that, to the best of our knowledge, are successfully overcome here for the first time. Our approach is not confined to the Toda hierarchy but applies generally to 1+1-dimensional completely integrable (discrete and continuous) soliton equations.
description: 50 pages
IS COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT BENEFICIAL FOR PUBLIC POLICY EFFICIENCY?
Creators: name: Eshel, Dafna M. Disegni
name: Goodhue, Rachael E.
name: Eshel, Dafna M. Disegni
name: Goodhue, Rachael E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Community involvement in public policy might have controversial effects on policy efficiency and equity. In this paper we evaluate the involvement of communities in a tradable permit policy, intendent to protect for environmental quality. We show that by integrating communities into the initial allocation of rights, we can achieve higher environmental quality, increase social welfare and correct for structural market failures.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/02.
Takagi topological insulator with odd $\mathcal P\mathcal T$ pairs of corner states
Creators: name: Dai, Jia-Xiao
name: Wang, Kai
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
name: Zhao, Y. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel class of topological insulators, termed the Takagi topological insulators (TTIs), which is protected by the sublattice symmetry and spacetime inversion ($\mathcal P\mathcal T$) symmetry. The required symmetries for the TTIs can be realized on any bipartite lattice where the inversion exchanges sublattices. The protecting symmetries lead to the classifying space of Hamiltonians being unitary symmetric matrices, and therefore Takagi's factorization can be performed. Particularly, the global Takagi's factorization can (cannot) be done on a $3$D ($2$D) sphere. In 3D, there is a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariant corresponding to the parity of the winding number of Takagi's unitary-matrix factor over the entire Brillouin zone, where the $\mathbb Z_2$ nature comes from the $O(N)$ gauge degrees of freedom in Takagi's factorization. In 2D, the obstruction for a global Takagi's factorization is characterized by another $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariant, equivalent to the second Stiefel-Whitney number. For the third-order topological phases, the $3$D TTIs feature a parity condition for corner zero-modes, i.e., there always exist odd $\mathcal P\mathcal T$ pairs of corners with zero-modes. Moreover, for any $\mathcal P\mathcal T$ invariant sample geometry, all configurations of corner zero-modes satisfying the parity condition can exist with the same nontrivial bulk topological invariant. Actually, without closing the bulk gap, the boundary phase diagram have a cellular structure, where each topological boundary phase associated with a particular (cross-order) boundary-mode pattern corresponds to a contractible cell with certain dimension in the parameter space.
description: 19 pages and 20 figures
5_Fees.pdf
Creators: name: organisers, ITAKOM
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330405
subject: Public participation and community engagement
classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education
classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services
classificationCode: 350502
subject: Employment equity and diversity

description: This document is part of a Figshare collection related to planning the It Takes All Kinds of Minds (ITAKOM) neurodiversity conference, which took place in March 2023. Versions of these documents have been released as examples that may be useful to others.
IRRIGATION, AGRICULTURAL PERFORMANCE AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN CHINA
Creators: name: Huang, Qiuqiong
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Wang, Jinxia
name: Huang, Qiuqiong
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Wang, Jinxia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The overall goal of our paper is to understand the impact that irrigation investments in China have had on incomes, in general, and income and poverty alleviation in poor areas, in particular. The paper seeks to meet three objectives. First, we describe the relationship among irrigation status, crop choice, yields and household crop revenue. Second, we seek to understand the magnitude and nature of the effect that irrigation has on yields and crop revenue. Finally, we seek to understand the impact that irrigation has on incomes in poor areas. Our analysis shows that irrigation contributes to increases in yields for almost all crops and in income for farmers in all areas. The importance of cropping income in poor areas and the strong relationship between cropping revenue and irrigation provides evidence of the importance of irrigation in past and future poverty alleviation in China.
Determination of |V_ub| from Measurements of the Inclusive Charmless Semileptonic Partial Rates of B Mesons using Full Reconstruction Tags
Creators: name: Belle Collaboration
name: Bizjak, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V_ub|, based on 253 fb^-1 of data collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e^+e^- asymmetric collider. Events are tagged by fully reconstructing one of the B mesons, produced in pairs from Upsilon(4S). The signal for b->u semileptonic decay is distinguished from the b->c background using the hadronic mass M_X, the leptonic invariant mass squared q^2 and the variable P_+ = E_X-|\vec{p}_X|. The results are obtained for events with the prompt-lepton momentum, p_l^* >= 1GeV/c, in three kinematic regions (1) M_X < 1.7 Gev/c^2, (2) M_X < 1.7 Gev/c^2 combined with q^2>8 GeV^2/c^2, and by (3) P_+ < 0.66 GeV/c, allowing for a comparison of the three methods. The matrix element |V_ub| is found to be (4.09+-0.19+-0.20(+0.14-0.15)+-0.18), where the errors are statistical, systematic including Monte Carlo modeling, theoretical, and from shape function parameter determination, respectively.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Version as it appears in PRL. Changes from v1: |V_ub| recalculated using mb(SF)=4.60+-0.04 and mu_pi^2(SF)=0.20+-0.04. Title and text changed to reflect the calculation of partial rate instead of partial Br. Fig. 3 changed. Explicit dependence of the result on mb(SF) is given
ECONOMIC POLICY, INSTITUTIONS AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE PACIFIC
Creators: name: Petersen, Elizabeth H.
name: Petersen, Elizabeth H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The South Pacific is home to the world's largest and most valuable tuna fishery. Despite this, the Pacific island countries have found it tremendously difficult to capture significant economic rents from the resource. It is argued in this paper that poor economic policy partly explains this. However, poor policies are preventing the implementation of strong, cost-effective institutions for the governance of the fishery which, coupled with strong institutions for broad social and economic governance, are required for development of the industry. Opportunities for policy reform that is likely to lead to significant gains from the fishery are highlighted.
A Multi-task Two-stream Spatiotemporal Convolutional Neural Network for Convective Storm Nowcasting
Creators: name: Zhang, W.
name: Liu, H.
name: Li, P.
name: Han, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of convective storm nowcasting is local prediction of severe and imminent convective storms. Here, we consider the convective storm nowcasting problem from the perspective of machine learning. First, we use a pixel-wise sampling method to construct spatiotemporal features for nowcasting, and flexibly adjust the proportions of positive and negative samples in the training set to mitigate class-imbalance issues. Second, we employ a concise two-stream convolutional neural network to extract spatial and temporal cues for nowcasting. This simplifies the network structure, reduces the training time requirement, and improves classification accuracy. The two-stream network used both radar and satellite data. In the resulting two-stream, fused convolutional neural network, some of the parameters are entered into a single-stream convolutional neural network, but it can learn the features of many data. Further, considering the relevance of classification and regression tasks, we develop a multi-task learning strategy that predicts the labels used in such tasks. We integrate two-stream multi-task learning into a single convolutional neural network. Given the compact architecture, this network is more efficient and easier to optimize than existing recurrent neural networks.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
CONSERVATION COMPLIANCE ON HIGHLY ERODIBLE LAND: AN EMPIRICAL AUDITING GAME
Creators: name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: We estimate a sequential game between farmers and government auditors to determine the effectiveness of the current enforcement policy in deterring noncompliance with the conservation program on highly erodible land. The empirical results indicate that using farm program payments as leverage against noncompliance is insufficient for inducing full producer compliance.
12_DelegateManual.pdf
Creators: name: organisers, ITAKOM
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350502
subject: Employment equity and diversity
classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education
classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services
classificationCode: 330405
subject: Public participation and community engagement

description: This document is part of a Figshare collection related to planning the It Takes All Kinds of Minds (ITAKOM) neurodiversity conference, which took place in March 2023. Versions of these documents have been released as examples that may be useful to others.
Sfermions and gauginos in a Lorentz-violating theory
Creators: name: Allen, Roland E.
name: Yokoo, Seiichirou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Lorentz-violating supergravity, sfermions have spin 1/2 and other unusual properties. If the dark matter consists of such particles, there is a natural explanation for the apparent absence of cusps and other small scale structure: The Lorentz-violating dark matter is cold because of the large particle mass, but still moves at nearly the speed of light. Although the R-parity of a sfermion, gaugino, or gravitino is +1 in the present theory, these particles have an "S-parity'' which implies that the LSP is stable and that they are produced in pairs. On the other hand, they can be clearly distinguished from the superpartners of standard supersymmetry by their highly unconventional properties.
description: 5 pages, to be published in Proceedings of PASCOS'04 (World Scientific)
EFFECTS OF FOOD AND HEALTH SPENDING PATTERNS ON THE HEALTH OF THE ELDERLY
Creators: name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Ranney, Christine K.
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Ranney, Christine K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Examines linkages between food and health spending patterns, income, and health status of the elderly. Links these relationships to food insecurity and expenditures on nutraceuticals. Methodology includes simultaneous estimation of expenditure systems and health production functions. Preliminary results indicate simultaneity between health production function and spending patterns throughout the life cycle.
Learning Inter- and Intraframe Representations for Non-Lambertian Photometric Stereo
Creators: name: Cao, Yanlong
name: Ding, Binjie
name: He, Zewei
name: Yang, Jiangxin
name: Chen, Jingxi
name: Cao, Yanpeng
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Photometric stereo provides an important method for high-fidelity 3D reconstruction based on multiple intensity images captured under different illumination directions. In this paper, we present a complete framework, including a multilight source illumination and acquisition hardware system and a two-stage convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture, to construct inter- and intraframe representations for accurate normal estimation of non-Lambertian objects. We experimentally investigate numerous network design alternatives for identifying the optimal scheme to deploy inter- and intraframe feature extraction modules for the photometric stereo problem. Moreover, we propose utilizing the easily obtained object mask to eliminate adverse interference from invalid background regions in intraframe spatial convolutions, thus effectively improving the accuracy of normal estimation for surfaces made of dark materials or with cast shadows. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed masked two-stage photometric stereo CNN model (MT-PS-CNN) performs favourably against state-of-the-art photometric stereo techniques in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. In addition, the proposed method is capable of predicting accurate and rich surface normal details for non-Lambertian objects of complex geometry and performs stably given inputs captured in both sparse and dense lighting distributions.
description: 9 pages,8 figures
INTEGRATED DRAINWATER MANAGEMENT IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Kan, Iddo
name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Kan, Iddo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Drainwater management strategies include source control, reuse, treatment, and evaporation ponds; questions of interest are efficient management, policy instruments, and sustainability. A high level of source control is indicated absent reuse due to the relatively high cost of evaporation ponds; this is accomplished largely through high uniformity/high cost irrigation systems. With reuse, the primary form of source control is reduction in land area devoted to freshwater production; the released land goes to reuse production. Reuse appears as an economically promising solution to the drainage problem. A high level of net returns is achieved while maintaining overall hydrologic balance in the system. Economic efficiency and hydrologic balance may be attained through pricing or market schemes. With pricing, growers are charged for deep percolations flows, while reuse and evaporation pond operators are paid for extractions. With markets, permit supply is generated by extractions from the water table, while permit demand is generated by deep percolation. Competitive equilibrium exists, is efficient, and implies hydrologic balance. The analysis suggests that a high level of agricultural production may be possible for some period of time while still maintaining environmental quality.
URBAN PLANNING AND THE LOCATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AMENITIES
Creators: name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
name: Homans, Frances R.
name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
name: Homans, Frances R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In this paper, we use a simple urban economic model to study how choosing park locations within a city might contribute towards urban planning goals. For multiple possible park placements, we solve for the associated equilibrium urban structure, including the equilibrium rent gradient, city boundary, total number of park visits, the overall utility level, and total vehicle miles traveled. We then examine how these change with alternative park placement sites. We find that, as a prescription for reducing urban sprawl, park provision has mixed results. When placed close to the central business district, the park can result in an increase in inner city housing density; such placement could help ameliorate problems of commuter traffic congestion related to urban sprawl. Parks placed further out toward the periphery, although consistent with improved accessibility and utility maximization, have the opposite effect - pulling residents away from the central business district and thereby likely worsening the congestion problem related to commuter traffic.
ANALYZING PRODUCER PREFERENCES FOR COUNTER-CYCLICAL GOVERNMENT PAYMENTS
Creators: name: Miller, J. Corey
name: Barnett, Barry J.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Miller, J. Corey
name: Barnett, Barry J.
name: Coble, Keith H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: A dynamic-stochastic model is developed to evaluate preferences among alternative counter-cyclical payment programs for representative farms producing corn and soybeans in Iowa and cotton and soybeans in Mississippi. These programs are found to not necessarily be preferred to existing government programs.
Dualisation of the D=7 Heterotic String
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Nejat T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dualisation and the first-order formulation of the D=7 abelian Yang-Mills supergravity which is the low energy effective limit of the D=7 fully Higssed heterotic string is discussed. The non-linear coset formulation of the scalars is enlarged to include the entire bosonic sector by introducing dual fields and by constructing the Lie superalgebra which generates the dualized coset element.
description: 20 pages
Non-abelian Thouless pumping in a photonic lattice
Creators: name: Brosco, Valentina
name: Pilozzi, Laura
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-abelian gauge fields emerge naturally in the description of adiabatically evolving quantum systems having degenerate levels. Here we show that they also play a role in Thouless pumping in the presence of degenerate bands. To this end we consider a photonic Lieb lattice having two degenerate non-dispersive modes and we show that, when the lattice parameters are slowly modulated, the propagation of the photons bear the fingerprints of the underlying non-abelian gauge structure. The non-dispersive character of the bands enables a high degree of control on photon propagation. Our work paves the way to the generation and detection of non-abelian gauge fields in photonic and optical lattices.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Improved low-temperature rate constants for rotational excitation of CO by H_2
Creators: name: Wernli, M.
name: Valiron, P.
name: Faure, A.
name: Wiesenfeld, L.
name: Jankowski, P.
name: Szalewicz, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross sections for the rotational (de)excitation of CO by ground state para- and ortho-H_2 are obtained using quantum scattering calculations for collision energies between 1 and 520 cm^{-1}. A new CO-H_2 potential energy surface is employed and its quality is assessed by comparison with explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-R12 calculations. Rate constants for rotational levels of CO up to 5 and temperatures in the range 5-70 K are deduced. The new potential is found to have a strong influence on the resonance structure of the cross sections at very low collision energies. As a result, the present rates at 10 K differ by up to 50% with those obtained by \citet{flower01} on a previous, less accurate, potential energy surface.
description: 8 pages, including 2 "online material" pages, 2 figures
Some effects of the quantum field theory in the early Universe
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of the vacuum polarization leading to change of the effective gravitational constant and particle creation in the early Universe are discussed. Gauss-Bonnet type coupling to the curvature is considered. Renormalization methods are generalized for such coupling and the N-dimensional space-time. Calculations of creation of entropy and visible matter of the Universe by the gravity of dark matter are made.
description: LATEX, 21 pages, no figure
One-loop f(R) Gravitational Modified Models
Creators: name: Cognola, Guido
name: Zerbini, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-loop quantisation of a general class of modified gravity models around a classical de Sitter background is presented. Application to the stability of the models is addressed.
description: Latex, 8 pages, no figures. To appear in Journal of Physics A. Two references added
APPLICATION OF DISCRETE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION FOR DYNAMIC RURAL RETAIL SECTOR ANALYSIS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Creators: name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
name: Lin, Yuanfang
name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
name: Lin, Yuanfang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper expands on previous count data models for estimating demand thresholds for rural retail sector counts. A discrete normal distribution is used for dynamic analysis of rural retail establishment counts.
Quantum de Sitter horizon entropy from quasicanonical bulk, edge, sphere and topological string partition functions
Creators: name: Anninos, Dionysios
name: Denef, Frederik
name: Law, Y. T. Albert
name: Sun, Zimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the prospect of constraining microscopic models, we calculate the exact one-loop corrected de Sitter entropy (the logarithm of the sphere partition function) for every effective field theory of quantum gravity, with particles in arbitrary spin representations. In doing so, we universally relate the sphere partition function to the quotient of a quasi-canonical bulk and a Euclidean edge partition function, given by integrals of characters encoding the bulk and edge spectrum of the observable universe. Expanding the bulk character splits the bulk (entanglement) entropy into quasinormal mode (quasiqubit) contributions. For 3D higher-spin gravity formulated as an sl($n$) Chern-Simons theory, we obtain all-loop exact results. Further to this, we show that the theory has an exponentially large landscape of de Sitter vacua with quantum entropy given by the absolute value squared of a topological string partition function. For generic higher-spin gravity, the formalism succinctly relates dS, AdS$^\pm$ and conformal results. Holography is exhibited in quasi-exact bulk-edge cancelation.
description: Published version
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Engelstoft, Laurids
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1838

description: Vedrørende grevinne af Rosencrone og et legat som vil tilfalle Selskabet
description: Dufwa, Joh. J. (?). Polydoc nr. 1: 641.
Noncommutative space-time models
Creators: name: Gromov, N. A.
name: Kuratov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FRT quantum Euclidean spaces $O_q^N$ are formulated in terms of Cartesian generators. The quantum analogs of N-dimensional Cayley-Klein spaces are obtained by contractions and analytical continuations. Noncommutative constant curvature spaces are introduced as a spheres in the quantum Cayley-Klein spaces. For N=5 part of them are interpreted as the noncommutative analogs of (1+3) space-time models. As a result the quantum (anti) de Sitter, Newton, Galilei kinematics with the fundamental length and the fundamental time are suggested.
description: 8 pages; talk given at XIV International Colloquium of Integrable Systems, Prague, June 16-18, 2005
SPATIAL PRICING EFFICIENCY: THE CASE OF U.S. LONG GRAIN RICE
Creators: name: Djunaidi, Harjanto
name: Young, Kenneth B.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Childs, Nathan W.
name: Djunaidi, Harjanto
name: Young, Kenneth B.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Childs, Nathan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The spatial rice price relationships for U.S. long grain rough rice are affected by many factors besides the transportation cost between markets, such as milling, processing, cooking and nutritional value as well as physical characteristics. This study applies a time series framework to analyze long run price relationships for Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and California long grain rice. Johansen's test results showed that at least there are two cointegrating price vectors. However, such a finding is not supported by the ECM model in any of the price series.
Exact hyperplane covers for subsets of the hypercube
Creators: name: Aaronson, James
name: Groenland, Carla
name: Grzesik, Andrzej
name: Johnston, Tom
name: Kielak, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Alon and Füredi (1993) showed that the number of hyperplanes required to cover $\{0,1\}^n\setminus \{0\}$ without covering $0$ is $n$. We initiate the study of such exact hyperplane covers of the hypercube for other subsets of the hypercube. In particular, we provide exact solutions for covering $\{0,1\}^n$ while missing up to four points and give asymptotic bounds in the general case. Several interesting questions are left open.
description: Small fixes and updated code
RAINFALL INSURANCE FOR MIDWEST CROP PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The paper discusses a methodology for design and pricing of index insurance contracts for crop production. The methodology heavily relies on establishing a relationship between the index and yields in order to evaluate the contract performance in hedging farmers' risk. However, analysis of yield/rainfall data series for Iowa corn and Kansas wheat fail to produce a reliable and meaningful relationship which can be used uniformly across several counties and/or crop producing districts. Further research is needed as to applicability of rainfall insurance to specific crop/region combinations.
Dynamics of the quantum Duffing oscillator in the driving induced bistable regime
Creators: name: Peano, V.
name: Thorwart, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nonlinear response of an anharmonic monostable quantum mechanical resonator to strong external periodic driving. The driving thereby induces an effective bistability in which resonant tunneling can be identified. Within the framework of a Floquet analysis, an effective Floquet-Born-Markovian master equation with time-independent coefficients can be established which can be solved straightforwardly. Various effects including resonant tunneling and multi-photon transitions will be described. Our model finds applications in nano-electromechanical devices such as vibrating suspended nano-wires as well as in non-destructive read-out procedures for superconducting quantum bits involving the nonlinear response of the read-out SQUID.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Connecting scrambling and work statistics for short-range interactions in the harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, Mathias
name: Fogarty, Thomás
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between information scrambling and work statistics after a quench for the paradigmatic example of short-range interacting particles in a one-dimensional harmonic trap, considering up to five particles numerically. In particular, we find that scrambling requires finite interactions, in the presence of which the long-time average of the squared commutator for the individual canonical operators is directly proportional to the variance of the work probability distribution. In addition to the numerical results, we outline the mathematical structure of the N-body system which leads to this outcome. We thereby establish a connection between the scrambling properties and the induced work fluctuations, with the latter being an experimental observable that is directly accessible in modern cold atom experiments.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures (Supplemental Material: 7 pages, 2 figures). Minor revisions, corresponding to the published version, including an updated abstract
Neutrinos in the simplest little Higgs scenario and TeV leptogenesis
Creators: name: Abada, Asmaa
name: Bhattacharyya, Gautam
name: Losada, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The little Higgs scenario may provide an interesting framework to accommodate TeV scale leptogenesis because a TeV Majorana mass of the right-handed neutrino that we employ for the latter may find a natural place near the ultraviolet cutoff of the former. In this work we study how a light neutrino spectrum, generated radiatively, and TeV scale leptogenesis can be embedded in the simplest little Higgs framework. Alternatively, we highlight how the neutrino Yukawa textures of the latter are constrained.
description: 10 pages, latex, v2: refs and comments added, to appear in PRD
CHINA'S EMPLOYMENT AND RURAL LABOR MIGRATION
Creators: name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Gale, H. Frederick
name: Tuan, Francis C.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Gale, H. Frederick
name: Tuan, Francis C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This study examines the rural labor market in China based on the country's first national agricultural census. The analysis highlights distinct differences of employment by age, gender, educational level, size of the household, and size of land holdings. We use a generalized polytomous logits (GPL) framework to analyze the patterns of rural labor employment, capture the dynamic trends of the rural labor force, and gauge rural migration. The estimation results, based on more than 4 million records of rural persons, indicate that the land size followed by the education level and age are the main factors affecting the chances of rural labor force by employment categories.
An Embedded Model Estimator for Non-Stationary Random Functions using Multiple Secondary Variables
Creators: name: Daly, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An algorithm for non-stationary spatial modelling using multiple secondary variables is developed. It combines Geostatistics with Quantile Random Forests to give a new interpolation and stochastic simulation algorithm. This paper introduces the method and shows that it has consistency results that are similar in nature to those applying to geostatistical modelling and to Quantile Random Forests. The method allows for embedding of simpler interpolation techniques, such as Kriging, to further condition the model. The algorithm works by estimating a conditional distribution for the target variable at each target location. The family of such distributions is called the envelope of the target variable. From this, it is possible to obtain spatial estimates, quantiles and uncertainty. An algorithm to produce conditional simulations from the envelope is also developed. As they sample from the envelope, realizations are therefore locally influenced by relative changes of importance of secondary variables, trends and variability.
description: 37 pages; 12 figures