cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploiting symmetry in variational quantum machine learning
Creators: name: Meyer, Johannes Jakob
name: Mularski, Marian
name: Gil-Fuster, Elies
name: Mele, Antonio Anna
name: Arzani, Francesco
name: Wilms, Alissa
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variational quantum machine learning is an extensively studied application of near-term quantum computers. The success of variational quantum learning models crucially depends on finding a suitable parametrization of the model that encodes an inductive bias relevant to the learning task. However, precious little is known about guiding principles for the construction of suitable parametrizations. In this work, we holistically explore when and how symmetries of the learning problem can be exploited to construct quantum learning models with outcomes invariant under the symmetry of the learning task. Building on tools from representation theory, we show how a standard gateset can be transformed into an equivariant gateset that respects the symmetries of the problem at hand through a process of gate symmetrization. We benchmark the proposed methods on two toy problems that feature a non-trivial symmetry and observe a substantial increase in generalization performance. As our tools can also be applied in a straightforward way to other variational problems with symmetric structure, we show how equivariant gatesets can be used in variational quantum eigensolvers.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, comments welcome
Model independent analysis of $b \to (c,\,u)\,τν$ leptonic and semileptonic decays
Creators: name: Dutta, Rupak
name: Bhol, Anupama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Latest measurement of the ratio of branching ratios $R_D = \mathcal B(B \to D\,τ\,ν)/\mathcal B(B \to D\,l\,ν)$ and $R_{D^{\ast}} = \mathcal B(B \to D^{\ast}\,τ\,ν)/\mathcal B(B \to D^{\ast}\,l\,ν)$, where $l$ is either an electron or muon, differs from the standard model expectation by $1.9σ$ and $3.3σ$, respectively. Similar tension has been observed in purely leptonic $B \to τν$ decays as well. In this context, we consider the most general effective Lagrangian in the presence of new physics and perform a model independent analysis to explore various new physics couplings. Motivated by the recently proposed new observables $R_D^τ = R_D/\mathcal B(B \to τν)$ and $R_{D^{\ast}}^τ = R_{D^{\ast}}/\mathcal B(B \to τν)$, we impose $2σ$ constraints coming from $R_D^τ$ and $R_{D^{\ast}}^τ$ in addition to the constraints coming from $R_D$, $R_{D^{\ast}}$, and $\mathcal B(B \to τν)$ to constrain the new physics parameter space. We study the impact of new physics on various observables related to $B_s \to (D_s,\,D^{\ast}_s)τν$ and $B \to πτν$ decay processes.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected, references added
An Integral Formalism for the Construction of Scheme Transformations in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Choi, Gongjun
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an integral formalism for constructing scheme transformations in a quantum field theory. We apply this to generate several new useful scheme transformations. A comparative analysis is given of these scheme transformations in terms of their series expansion coefficients and their resultant effect on the interaction coupling, in particular at a zero of the beta function away from the origin in coupling-constant space.
description: 12 pages, latex
A Tale of Two Emergences: Sunrise II Observations of Emergence Sites in a Solar Active Region
Creators: name: Centeno, Rebecca
name: Rodriguez, Julian Blanco
name: Iniesta, Jose Carlos Del Toro
name: Solanki, Sami K.
name: Barthol, Peter
name: Gandorfer, Achim
name: Gizon, Laurent
name: Hirzberger, Johann
name: Riethmuller, Tino L.
name: van Noort, Michiel
name: Suarez, David Orozco
name: Schmidt, Wolfgang
name: Pillet, Valentin Martinez
name: Knolker, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In June 2013, the two scientific instruments onboard the second Sunrise mission witnessed, in detail, a small-scale magnetic flux emergence event as part of the birth of an active region. The Imaging Magnetograph Experiment (IMaX) recorded two small (~5 arcsec) emerging flux patches in the polarized filtergrams of a photospheric Fe I spectral line. Meanwhile, the Sunrise Filter Imager (SuFI) captured the highly dynamic chromospheric response to the magnetic fields pushing their way through the lower solar atmosphere. The serendipitous capture of this event offers a closer look at the inner workings of active region emergence sites. In particular, it reveals in meticulous detail how the rising magnetic fields interact with the granulation as they push through the Sun's surface, dragging photospheric plasma in their upward travel. The plasma that is burdening the rising field slides along the field lines, creating fast downflowing channels at the footpoints. The weight of this material anchors this field to the surface at semi-regular spatial intervals, shaping it in an undulatory fashion. Finally, magnetic reconnection enables the field to release itself from its photospheric anchors, allowing it to continue its voyage up to higher layers. This process releases energy that lights up the arch-filament systems and heats the surrounding chromosphere.
description: Accepted for publication in the Sunrise II Special Issue in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Intra-Binary Shock Heating of Black Widow Companions
Creators: name: Romani, Roger W.
name: Sanchez, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low mass companions of evaporating binary pulsars (black widows and their ilk) are strongly heated on the side facing the pulsar. However in high-quality photometric and spectroscopic data the heating pattern does not match that expected for direct pulsar illumination. Here we explore heating mediated by an intra-binary shock (IBS). We develop a simple analytic model and implement it in the popular `ICARUS' light curve code. The model is parameterized by the wind momentum ratio beta and velocity v_Rel v_orb and assumes that the reprocessed pulsar wind emits prompt particles or radiation to heat the companion surface. We illustrate an interesting range of light curve asymmetries controlled by these parameters. The code also computes the IBS synchrotron emission pattern, and thus can model black widow X-ray light curves. As a test we apply the results to the high quality asymmetric optical light curves of PSR J2215+5135; the resulting fit gives a substantial improvement upon direct heating models and produces an X-ray light curve consistent with that seen. The IBS model parameters imply that, at the present loss rate, the companion evaporation has a characteristic timescale tau_evap ~150My. Still, the model is not fully satisfactory, indicating additional unmodeled physical effects.
description: Submitted to ApJ March 31, 2016 -- no referee report yet! Color illustrations reduced in resolution for posting
The role and practices of audit committees in Australian public companies
Creators: name: Pang, Yang Hoong.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Lyman-alpha spectral properties of five newly discovered Lyman continuum emitters
Creators: name: Verhamme, A.
name: Orlitova, I.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Izotov, Y.
name: Worseck, G.
name: Thuan, T. X.
name: Guseva, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently reported the discovery of five low redshift Lyman continuum (LyC) emitters (LCEs, hereafter) with absolute escape fractions fesc(LyC) ranging from 6 to 13%, higher than previously found, and which more than doubles the number of low redshift LCEs.We use these observations to test theoretical predictions about a link between the characteristics of the Lyman-alpha (Lya) line from galaxies and the escape of ionising photons. We analyse the Lya spectra of eight LCEs of the local Universe observed with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (our five leakers and three galaxies from the litterature), and compare their strengths and shapes to the theoretical criteria and comparison samples of local galaxies: the Lyman Alpha Reference Survey, Lyman Break Analogs, Green Peas, and the high-redshift strong LyC leaker Ion2. Our LCEs are found to be strong Lya emitters, with high equivalent widths, EW(Lya)> 70 Å, and large Lya escape fractions, fesc(Lya) > 20%. The Lya profiles are all double-peaked with a small peak separation, in agreement with our theoretical expectations. They also have no underlying absorption at the Lya position. All these characteristics are very different from the Lya properties of typical star-forming galaxies of the local Universe. A subset of the comparison samples (2-3 Green Pea galaxies) share these extreme values, indicating that they could also be leaking. We also find a strong correlation between the star formation rate surface density and the escape fraction of ionising photons, indicating that the compactness of star-forming regions plays a role in shaping low column density paths in the interstellar medium of LCEs. The Lya properties of LCEs are peculiar: Lya can be used as a reliable tracer of LyC escape from galaxies, in complement to other indirect diagnostics proposed in the literature.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Natural brain-information interfaces: Recommending information by relevance inferred from human brain signals
Creators: name: Eugster, Manuel J. A.
name: Ruotsalo, Tuukka
name: Spapé, Michiel M.
name: Barral, Oswald
name: Ravaja, Niklas
name: Jacucci, Giulio
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Finding relevant information from large document collections such as the World Wide Web is a common task in our daily lives. Estimation of a user's interest or search intention is necessary to recommend and retrieve relevant information from these collections. We introduce a brain-information interface used for recommending information by relevance inferred directly from brain signals. In experiments, participants were asked to read Wikipedia documents about a selection of topics while their EEG was recorded. Based on the prediction of word relevance, the individual's search intent was modeled and successfully used for retrieving new, relevant documents from the whole English Wikipedia corpus. The results show that the users' interests towards digital content can be modeled from the brain signals evoked by reading. The introduced brain-relevance paradigm enables the recommendation of information without any explicit user interaction, and may be applied across diverse information-intensive applications.
Comparative study of High-speed Linux TCP Variants over High-BDP Networks
Creators: name: Alrshah, Mohamed A.
name: Othman, Mohamed
name: Ali, Borhanuddin
name: Hanapia, Zurina Mohd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) has been profusely used by most of internet applications. Since 1970s, several TCP variants have been developed in order to cope with the fast increasing of network capacities especially in high Bandwidth Delay Product (high-BDP) networks. In these TCP variants, several approaches have been used, some of these approaches have the ability to estimate available bandwidths and some react based on network loss and/or delay changes. This variety of the used approaches arises many consequent problems with different levels of dependability and accuracy. Indeed, a particular TCP variant which is proper for wireless networks, may not fit for high-BDP wired networks and vice versa. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comparison between the high-speed TCP variants that have a high level of importance especially after the fast growth of networks bandwidths. In this paper, high-speed TCP variants, that are implemented in Linux and available for research, have been evaluated using NS2 network simulator. This performance evaluation presents the advantages and disadvantages of these TCP variants in terms of throughput, loss-ratio and fairness over high-BDP networks. The results reveal that, CUBIC and YeAH overcome the other highspeed TCP variants in different cases of buffer size. However, they still require more improvement to extend their ability to fully utilize the high-speed bandwidths, especially when the applied buffer is near-zero or less than the BDP of the link.
description: Review and performance evaluation work
Pattern avoidance and fiber bundle structures on Schubert varieties
Creators: name: Alland, Timothy
name: Richmond, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 22E40, 20F55, 05A05, 05E05

description: We give a permutation pattern avoidance criteria for determining when the projection map from the flag variety to a Grassmannian induces a fiber bundle structure on a Schubert variety. In particular, we introduce the notion of a split pattern and show that a Schubert variety has such a fiber bundle structure if and only if the corresponding permutation avoids the split patterns 3|12 and 23|1. Continuing, we show that a Schubert variety is an iterated fiber bundle of Grassmannian Schubert varieties if and only if the corresponding permutation avoids (non-split) patterns 3412, 52341, and 635241. This extends a combined result of Lakshmibai-Sandhya, Ryan, and Wolper who prove that Schubert varieties whose permutation avoids the "smooth" patterns 3412 and 4231 are iterated fiber bundles of smooth Grassmannian Schubert varieties.
description: 16 pages and 9 Figures
Ground States of Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Antiferromagnets with Frustration on a Diamond-Like Decorated Square Lattice
Creators: name: Hirose, Yuhei
name: Oguchi, Akihide
name: Fukumoto, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state phase diagram of a Heisenberg model with spin $S=\frac{1}{2}$ on a diamond-like decorated square lattice. A diamond unit has two types of antiferromagnetic exchange interactions, and the ratio $λ$ between the length of the diagonal bond and that of the other four edges determines the strength of frustration. It has been pointed out [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn {\bf85}, 033705 (2016)] that the so-called tetramer-dimer states, which are expected to be stabilized in an intermediate region of $λ_{\rm c}
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Dynamics of Particles Near Black Hole with Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Iftikhar, Sehrish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores the dynamics of particles in higher dimensions. For this purpose, we discuss some interesting features related to the motion of particles near Myers-Perry black hole with arbitrary extra dimensions as well as single non-zero spin parameter. Assuming it as a supermassive black hole at the center of galaxy, we calculate red-blue shifts in the equatorial plane for the far away observer as well as corresponding black hole parameters of the photons. Next, we study the Penrose process and find that the energy gain of particle depends on the variation of black hole dimensions. Finally, we discuss the center of mass energy for eleven dimensions which indicates similar behavior as that of four dimensions but it is higher in four dimensions than five or more dimensions. We conclude that higher dimensions have a great impact on the particle dynamics.
description: 19 pages, 3 figure, to appear in EPJC
Separation of CMB $μ$ spectral distortions from foregrounds with poorly defined spectral shapes
Creators: name: Novikov, D. I.
name: Mihalchenko, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a new approach to separate the $μ$ spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background from foregrounds with poorly defined spectral shapes. The idea is based on finding the optimal response to the observed signal. This response is weakly sensitive to foregrounds with parameters that are within some certain limits of their possible variations and, at the same time, very sensitive to the amplitude of $μ$ distortion. The algorithm described in this paper is stable, easy to implement, and simultaneously minimizes the response to foregrounds and photon noise.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Rethinking WMMSE: Can Its Complexity Scale Linearly With the Number of BS Antennas?
Creators: name: Zhao, Xiaotong
name: Lu, Siyuan
name: Shi, Qingjiang
name: Luo, Zhi-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Precoding design for maximizing weighted sum-rate (WSR) is a fundamental problem for downlink of massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems. It is well-known that this problem is generally NP-hard due to the presence of multi-user interference. The weighted minimum mean-square error (WMMSE) algorithm is a popular approach for WSR maximization. However, its computational complexity is cubic in the number of base station (BS) antennas, which is unaffordable when the BS is equipped with a large antenna array. In this paper, we consider the WSR maximization problem with either a sum-power constraint (SPC) or per-antenna power constraints (PAPCs). For the former, we prove that any nontrivial stationary point must have a low-dimensional subspace structure, and then propose a reduced-WMMSE (R-WMMSE) with linear complexity by exploiting the solution structure. For the latter, we propose a linear-complexity WMMSE approach, named PAPC-WMMSE, by using a novel recursive design of the algorithm. Both R-WMMSE and PAPC-WMMSE have simple closed-form updates and guaranteed convergence to stationary points. Simulation results verify the efficacy of the proposed designs, especially the much lower complexity as compared to the state-of-the-art approaches for massive MU-MIMO systems.
Classical field theories from Hamiltonian constraint: Local symmetries and static gauge fields
Creators: name: Zatloukal, Vaclav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Hamiltonian constraint formulation of classical field theories, which treats spacetime and the space of fields symmetrically, and utilizes the concept of momentum multivector. The gauge field is introduced to compensate for non-invariance of the Hamiltonian under local transformations. It is a position-dependent linear mapping, which couples to the Hamiltonian by acting on the momentum multivector. We investigate symmetries of the ensuing gauged Hamiltonian, and propose a generic form of the gauge field strength. In examples we show how a generic gauge field can be specialized in order to realize gravitational and/or Yang-Mills interaction. Gauge field dynamics is not discussed in this article. Throughout, we employ the mathematical language of geometric algebra and calculus.
description: 24 pages
Probabilistic Estimation of Instantaneous Frequencies of Chirp Signals
Creators: name: Zhao, Zheng
name: Särkkä, Simo
name: Sjölund, Jens
name: Schön, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a continuous-time probabilistic approach for estimating the chirp signal and its instantaneous frequency function when the true forms of these functions are not accessible. Our model represents these functions by non-linearly cascaded Gaussian processes represented as non-linear stochastic differential equations. The posterior distribution of the functions is then estimated with stochastic filters and smoothers. We compute a (posterior) Cramér--Rao lower bound for the Gaussian process model, and derive a theoretical upper bound for the estimation error in the mean squared sense. The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms a number of state-of-the-art methods on a synthetic data. We also show that the method works out-of-the-box for two real-world datasets.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Problems in the formulation and estimation of disequilibrium models
Creators: name: Martin, Vance.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Induced magnetism at the interfaces of a Fe/V superlattice investigated by resonant magnetic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Magnuson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The induced magnetic moments in the V 3d electronic states of interface atomic layers in a Fe(6ML)/V(7ML) superlattice was investigated by x-ray resonant magnetic scattering. The first V atomic layer next to Fe was found to be strongly antiferromagnetically polarized relatively to Fe and the magnetic moments of the next few atomic layers in the interior V region decay exponentially with increasing distance from the interface, while the magnetic moments of the Fe atomic layers largely remain bulk-like. The induced V moments decay more rapidly as observed by x-ray magnetic scattering than in standard x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The theoretical description of the induced magnetic atomic layer profile in V was found to strongly rely on the interface roughness within the superlattice period. These results provide new insight into interface magnetism by taking advantage of the enhanced depth sensitivity to the magnetic profile over a certain resonant energy bandwidth in the vicinity of the Bragg angles.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Portfolio of communications resources
Creators: name: Astley, Siân
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: dissemination
communication
engagement
stakeholders

description: Existing food including agriculture, nutrition and security (FNS) data including knowledge and tools for health and agri-food sciences are fragmented, lack critical mass, and access by user communities is ‘unevenly’ distributed, meaning data are not readily re-used and existing services focus on clinical, molecular or biological sciences not FNS resources. Thus, the purpose of FNS-Cloud is to launch a first-generation food cloud, federating existing and emerging datasets, with intent to make FNS resources FAIRer, and develop new services to support users in their exploitation to benefit stakeholders. Priorities for 2020 are, therefore, the project logo and branding (Sections 3.1 & 3.2), Office templates for the Consortium (Section 3.2), content for the FNS-Cloud project (Section 3.3), Community of Practice and FNS Cloud websites (both pending), Social Media content (Section 3.4), dissemination templates (Section 3.4), infogram, fact sheet, poster and banner (pending) and news items (Section 3.5). Examples ofthese are presented in the Deliverable as well as the location for download, where appropriate.
Federated Learning Under Intermittent Client Availability and Time-Varying Communication Constraints
Creators: name: Ribero, Monica
name: Vikalo, Haris
name: De Veciana, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning systems facilitate training of global models in settings where potentially heterogeneous data is distributed across a large number of clients. Such systems operate in settings with intermittent client availability and/or time-varying communication constraints. As a result, the global models trained by federated learning systems may be biased towards clients with higher availability. We propose F3AST, an unbiased algorithm that dynamically learns an availability-dependent client selection strategy which asymptotically minimizes the impact of client-sampling variance on the global model convergence, enhancing performance of federated learning. The proposed algorithm is tested in a variety of settings for intermittently available clients under communication constraints, and its efficacy demonstrated on synthetic data and realistically federated benchmarking experiments using CIFAR100 and Shakespeare datasets. We show up to 186% and 8% accuracy improvements over FedAvg, and 8% and 7% over FedAdam on CIFAR100 and Shakespeare, respectively.
Portfolio of communications resources
Creators: name: Astley, Siân
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: dissemination
communication
engagement
stakeholders

description: Since D6.1 was submitted (M6), FNS-Cloud branding has been extended to include the Community of Practice (myFNSCloud) and the FNS Cloud websites, items (e.g., news) and pages (e.g., External Expert Advisory Board) have been added to the project website, and content generated for myFNSCloud. The scientific PowerPoint describing FNS-Cloud activities has been updated/ revised and a one-pager summary published in place of an infogram and fact sheet as well as certificates for event participation. Cooperation with Blue-Cloud has also expanded with the exchange of fish and seafood data and more information about this activity has been published online. Priorities for Period 2 included substantial revision of the website, based on Period 1 activities and outputs, linking the project website to myFNSCloud (2021) and FNS Cloud (2022), capture and publication of event materials on the project website, and increased FNS-Cloud-specific social media content as well as continued collaboration with Blue-Cloud and, potentially, the European Open Science Cloud.
Reliability Considerations for the Operation of Large Accelerator User Facilities
Creators: name: Willeke, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lecture provides an overview of considerations relevant for achieving highly reliable operation of accelerator based user facilities. The article starts with an overview of statistical reliability formalism which is followed by high reliability design considerations with examples. The article closes with operational aspects of high reliability such as preventive maintenance and spares inventory.
description: 26 pages, contribution to the 2014 Joint International Accelerator School: Beam Loss and Accelerator Protection, Newport Beach, CA, USA , 5-14 Nov 2014
Portfolio of communications resources
Creators: name: Astley, Siân
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: dissemination
communication
engagement
stakeholders

description: Priorities for Period 2 included revision of the website and creation of a Zenodo Community, based on Period 1 activities and outputs, capture and publication of event materials, and increased FNS-Cloud-specific social media content as well as continued collaboration with Blue-Cloud, which has brought about important results in a relatively short period of time (e.g., FAO uFish dataset). More specifically, beneficiaries’ logos have been updated on all outputs, social media accounts have been added to Office templates, the project website has been reviewed with the consortium and navigation for the community of practice (myFNSCloud) revised following feedback from new user communities, more and more audience-specific social media content has been generated, and posters, roll-ups, etc. updated or newly published. FNS-Cloud has also been presented to a range of user communities, largely through opportunities identified by multiplier organisations (EFFoST - NL, ILSI - BE, and IFA - AT) or the coordinator (RTDS – AT) with EuroFIR (BE) and/or QIB (UK), UCD (IE), PMT (CH), UWTDS (UK), NUTRIS (SI), and IMDEA (ES) delivering presentations about project aims/activities in general, or -more specifically- work done around the demonstrators to FNS researchers, IT specialists, and project consortia with common goals. The updated Dissemination and Community Engagement Plan (DCEP2022) covers the final Period (October 2022-September 2023). The primary aim of dissemination, communication, and exploitation activities remain building relationships, creating goodwill, persuading user communities to engage with FNS-Cloud and overcoming reluctance around FAIRification as well as asking for help. However, whilst activities during Period 3 focus on key exploitable results, there will also be an emphasis on sustainability, specifically what can be maintained after funding, whilst not imposing a burden on beneficiaries.
The international harmonization of accounting standards and its effect on the development and implementation of accounting standards in Singapore
Creators: name: Hwang, Soo Chiat.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
eLearning
Creators: name: Fillery-Travis, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: training
elearning
practice-based learning
capacity
confidence
skills

description: The overarching purpose of FNS-Cloud is to contribute to defragmentation of European food-related research, so research data, tools, and services can be accessed and re-used by user communities. Fragmentation of the research infrastructure is reflected in the lack of provision of training, education and support for user communities and disparity in access to these resources. This Deliverable described development of eLearning and accreditation of course/ modules to meet a variety of user communities’ needs including: Training (eLearning) on data management and exploitation Bespoke eLearning on FNS-Cloud tools and services Introductions to user FNS-Cloud cases, field labs, and demonstrators eLearning on project management and reporting (internal only) Professional development of user communities Some of these (Introduction to Open Science, GDPR in research, Licencing for re-use) have been initiated during Period 1 and modules/ courses are available on the FNS-Cloud Community of Practice (CofP), myFNSCloud. Others will be addressed as outputs from Tasks and WPs become available during Periods 2 and 3. myFNSCloud is currently restricted to beneficiaries but will be open to user communities beyond FNS-Cloud in a phased approach from late 2021. The Deliverable also describes the accreditation protocols that have been developed to enable learning achieved through these courses to be acknowledged and ECTS points awarded within the academic framework used by Universities throughout Europe.
Transfer String Kernel for Cross-Context DNA-Protein Binding Prediction
Creators: name: Singh, Ritambhara
name: Lanchantin, Jack
name: Robins, Gabriel
name: Qi, Yanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Through sequence-based classification, this paper tries to accurately predict the DNA binding sites of transcription factors (TFs) in an unannotated cellular context. Related methods in the literature fail to perform such predictions accurately, since they do not consider sample distribution shift of sequence segments from an annotated (source) context to an unannotated (target) context. We, therefore, propose a method called "Transfer String Kernel" (TSK) that achieves improved prediction of transcription factor binding site (TFBS) using knowledge transfer via cross-context sample adaptation. TSK maps sequence segments to a high-dimensional feature space using a discriminative mismatch string kernel framework. In this high-dimensional space, labeled examples of the source context are re-weighted so that the revised sample distribution matches the target context more closely. We have experimentally verified TSK for TFBS identifications on fourteen different TFs under a cross-organism setting. We find that TSK consistently outperforms the state-of the-art TFBS tools, especially when working with TFs whose binding sequences are not conserved across contexts. We also demonstrate the generalizability of TSK by showing its cutting-edge performance on a different set of cross-context tasks for the MHC peptide binding predictions.
description: To be published in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
An Ultraluminous Lyman Alpha Emitter with a Blue Wing at z=6.6
Creators: name: Hu, E. M.
name: Cowie, L. L.
name: Songaila, A.
name: Barger, A. J.
name: Rosenwasser, B.
name: Wold, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of the most luminous high-redshift Lyman Alpha Emitting galaxy (LAE) yet seen, with log L(Ly alpha) = 43.9 ergs/s. The galaxy -- COSMOS Lyman alpha 1, or COLA1 -- was detected in a search for ultra-luminous LAEs with Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru telescope. It was confirmed to lie at z = 6.593 based on a Lyman alpha line detection obtained from followup spectroscopy with the DEIMOS spectrograph on Keck2. COLA1 is the first very high-redshift LAE to show a multi-component Lyman alpha line profile with a blue wing, which suggests that it could lie in a highly ionized region of the intergalactic medium and could have significant infall. If this interpretation is correct, then ultra-luminous LAEs like COLA1 offer a unique opportunity to determine the properties of the HII regions around these galaxies which will help in understanding the ionization of the z ~ 7 intergalactic medium.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Aurora Candidates from the Chronicle of Qīng Dynasty in Several Degrees of Relevance
Creators: name: Kawamura, Akito D.
name: Hayakawa, Hisashi
name: Tamazawa, Harufumi
name: Miyahara, Hiroko
name: Isobe, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the result of the survey of sunspots and auroras in ${\it Q\bar{\imath}ngsh\check{\imath}ga\check{o}}$, the draft chronicle of ${\it Q\bar{\imath}ng}$ dynasty, for the period of 1559-1912 CE, as a sequel of the series of works surveying historical sunspot and aurora records, and providing online data to the scientific community regarding the attained results. In total of this ${\it Q\bar{\imath}ngsh\check{\imath}ga\check{o}}$ survey, we found 111 records of night-sky luminous events with the keywords such as vapor (${\it q\grave{\imath}}$), cloud (${\it y\acute{u}n}$), and light (${\it gu\bar{a}ng}$), which may indicate auroras as well as some other phenomena. Similarly keyword survey for sunspots were done, but no sunspot record was found. In comparison with the aurora records in the western world, we found 14 of the 111 records have a corresponding record of simultaneous observation in the western world and hence are very likely to be aurora. In order to investigate the likeliness of the rest of the record being aurora, we calculated the lunar age and the phase of a solar cycle for each record. After these calculations, notable fraction of these records clustered near the full moon were found statistically doubtful in considerations with atmospheric optics, meanwhile a few records near the new moon could be more likely interpreted as auroras including three records during the Maunder minimum.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ
Deep Learning Techniques in MRI images for Brain Cancer Segmentation and Detection through Domain Adaptation via Dataset Fusion and Semi Supervised Learning strategies
Creators: name: LIEW, MEI WERN ANDREA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deep learning
Biomedical imaging

description: This thesis examines the deep learning techniques to detect brain tumors in MRI brain scans to assist radiologists' in day-to-day surgical planning. It also explores semi supervised learning paradigms to improve the detection ability in MRI brain scans through use of publicly available medical datasets.
Quantification of the atomic surfaces and volumes of a metal cluster based on the molecular surface model
Creators: name: Yu, Yifan
name: Cui, Junzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomic volume and surface are important geometric quantities for calculating various macroscopic physical quantities from atomic models. This paper proposes a new analytical method to calculate the atomic volumes and surfaces of a metal cluster. This method adopts metallic radii to describe atom sizes and constructs the overall volume/surface by the molecular surface (MS) model. It divides cluster atoms into two types: interior atoms and boundary atoms. For an interior atom, the method defines a variational Voronoi cell as its volume. For a boundary atom, the method defines the intersection of the overall cluster volume and its variational Voronoi cell as its volume. The atomic surfaces are calculated along with the volume calculations. This new method considers the effect of atom sizes and can calculate not only the overall volume of a cluster but also the individual volume for each atom. This method provides computational support for multiscale coupled calculations from the microscale to macroscale.
Groups from class 2 algebras and the Weil character
Creators: name: Pallikaros, Christakis A.
name: Ward, Harold N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C15

description: We investigate the behaviour of the Weil character of the symplectic group on restriction to subgroups arising from commutative nilpotent algebras of class 2. We give explicit descriptions of the decomposition of the Weil character when restricted to the unipotent radical of the stabilizer of a maximal totally isotropic subspace and to its centralizer.
The Melbourne owner occupied housing market 1970-1980
Creators: name: Burke, Terry.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Neutrino capture on tritium as a probe of flavor vacuum condensate and dark matter
Creators: name: Capolupo, Antonio
name: Quaranta, Aniello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the study of neutrino capture on tritium, for non-relativistic neutrinos, can allow to distinguish among the various neutrino models, eventually prove the quantum field theory condensation effects and permit to test the hypothesis according to which the flavor vacuum energy gives a contribution to the dark matter of the universe. Indeed, we show that the capture rate depends on the neutrino model considered, and that it brings an imprint of the flavor vacuum condensate. Experiments like PTOLEMY, designed to reveal the cosmic neutrino background, then can give an indication of the existence of the dark matter component induced by neutrino mixing.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
The Mission Accessible Near-Earth Objects Survey (MANOS): first photometric results
Creators: name: Thirouin, A.
name: Moskovitz, N.
name: Binzel, R. P.
name: Christensen, E.
name: DeMeo, F. E.
name: Person, M. J.
name: Polishook, D.
name: Thomas, C. A.
name: Trilling, D.
name: Willman, M.
name: Hinkle, M.
name: Burt, B.
name: Avner, D.
name: Aceituno, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mission Accessible Near-Earth Objects Survey (MANOS) aims to physically characterize sub-km Near-Earth Objects (NEOs). We report first photometric results from the survey which began in August, 2013. Photometric observations were performed using 1 m to 4 m class telescopes around the world. We present rotational periods and lightcurve amplitudes for 86 sub-km NEOs, though in some cases, only lower limits are provided. Our main goal is to obtain lightcurves for small NEOs (typically, sub-km objects) and estimate their rotational periods, lightcurve amplitudes, and shapes. These properties are used for statistical study to constrain overall properties of the NEO population. A weak correlation seems to indicate that smaller objects are more spherical than the larger ones. We also report 7 NEOs that are fully characterized (lightcurve and visible spectra) as the most suitable candidates for a future human or robotic mission. Viable mission targets are objects fully characterized, with a Delta_v(NHATS) <12 km s^-1, and a rotational period P>1h. Assuming a similar rate of object characterization as reported in this paper, approximately 1,230 NEOs need to be characterized in order to find 100 viable mission targets.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
An econometric model of the joint determination of fertility and labour supply
Creators: name: Brooks, Clive.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A dispersion relation for defect CFT
Creators: name: Barrat, Julien
name: Gimenez-Grau, Aleix
name: Liendo, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dispersion relation for defect CFT that reconstructs two-point functions in the presence of a defect as an integral of a single discontinuity. The main virtue of this formula is that it streamlines explicit bootstrap calculations, bypassing the resummation of conformal blocks. As applications we reproduce known results for monodromy defects in the epsilon-expansion, and present new results for the supersymmetric Wilson line at strong coupling in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM. In particular, we derive a new analytic formula for the highest $R$-symmetry channel of single-trace operators of arbitrary length.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure
Unitary Networks from the Exact Renormalization of Wave Functionals
Creators: name: Fliss, Jackson R.
name: Leigh, Robert G.
name: Parrikar, Onkar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact renormalization group (ERG) for $O(N)$ vector models (at large $N$) on flat Euclidean space can be interpreted as the bulk dynamics corresponding to a holographically dual higher spin gauge theory on $AdS_{d+1}$. This was established in the sense that at large $N$ the generating functional of correlation functions of single trace operators is reproduced by the on-shell action of the bulk higher spin theory, which is most simply presented in a first-order (phase space) formalism. In this paper, we extend the ERG formalism to the wave functionals of arbitrary states of the $O(N)$ vector model at the free fixed point. We find that the ERG flow of the ground state and a specific class of excited states is implemented by the action of unitary operators which can be chosen to be local. Consequently, the ERG equations provide a continuum notion of a tensor network. We compare this tensor network with the entanglement renormalization networks, MERA, and its continuum version, cMERA, which have appeared recently in holographic contexts. In particular the ERG tensor network appears to share the general structure of cMERA but differs in important ways. We comment on possible holographic implications.
description: 31 pages (including appendices), 5 figures
Large magnetic anisotropy predicted for rare-earth free Fe16-xCoxN2 alloys
Creators: name: Zhao, Xin
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Yao, Yongxin
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structures and magnetic properties of Fe16-xCoxN2 are studied using adaptive genetic algorithm and first-principles calculations. We show that substituting Fe by Co in Fe16N2 with Co/Fe ratio smaller than 1 can greatly improve the magnetic anisotropy of the material. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy from first-principles calculations reaches 3.18 MJ/m3 (245.6 μeV per metal atom) for Fe12Co4N2, much larger than that of Fe16N2 and is one of the largest among the reported rare-earth free magnets. From our systematic crystal structure searches, we show that there is a structure transition from tetragonal Fe16N2 to cubic Co16N2 in Fe16-xCoxN2 as the Co concentration increases, which can be well explained by electron counting analysis. Different magnetic properties between the Fe-rich (x < 8) and Co-rich (x > 8) Fe16-xCoxN2 is closely related to the structural transition.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures