cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018
Creators: name: Saeed, Dania Khalid
name: Farooqi, Joveria
name: Shakoor, Sadia
name: Hasan, Rumina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Terms used for searching peer reviewed literature from electronic database Medline (PubMed).
Permutationally Invariant Quantum Tomography
Creators: name: Tóth, G.
name: Wieczorek, W.
name: Gross, D.
name: Krischek, R.
name: Schwemmer, C.
name: Weinfurter, H.
Publisher: name: College Park, Md. : APS
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Scalability
subject: Uncertainty analysis
subject: Density matrix
subject: Density operators
subject: Measurement strategies
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present a scalable method for the tomography of large multiqubit quantum registers. It acquires information about the permutationally invariant part of the density operator, which is a good approximation to the true state in many relevant cases. Our method gives the best measurement strategy to minimize the experimental effort as well as the uncertainties of the reconstructed density matrix. We apply our method to the experimental tomography of a photonic four-qubit symmetric Dicke state. © 2010 The American Physical Society.
Additional file 2 of Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018
Creators: name: Saeed, Dania Khalid
name: Farooqi, Joveria
name: Shakoor, Sadia
name: Hasan, Rumina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Antimicrobial resistance rates (shown as percent resistance) reported in hospital-based studies (2006–2017).
Additional file 3 of Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018
Creators: name: Saeed, Dania Khalid
name: Farooqi, Joveria
name: Shakoor, Sadia
name: Hasan, Rumina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Antimicrobial resistance rates (shown as percent resistance) from laboratory surveillance and community-based literature review (2009–2018).
The axion-baryon coupling in SU(3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Vonk, Thomas
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past, the axion-nucleon coupling has been calculated in the framework of SU(2) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory up to third order in the chiral power counting. Here, we extend these earlier studies to the case of heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory with SU(3) flavor symmetry and derive the axion coupling to the full SU(3) baryon octet, showing that the axion also significantly couples to hyperons. As studies on dense nuclear matter suggest the possible existence of hyperons in stellar objects such as neutron stars, our results should have phenomenological implications related to the so-called axion window.
description: 45 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Beta blocker use in traumatic brain injury based on the high-sensitive troponin status (BBTBBT): methodology and protocol implementation of a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: El-Menyar, Ayman
name: Asim, Mohammad
name: Bahey, Ahmed Abdel-Aziz
name: Chughtai, Talat
name: Alyafai, Abdulnasser
name: Abdelrahman, Husham
name: Rizoli, Sandro
name: Peralta, Ruben
name: Al-Thani, Hassan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Stakeholder perceptions of basic nursing education
Creators: name: Frissell, Sharon Elaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study addresses three aspects of basic nursing education. First, the study documents the extent to which those people whose views shape nursing education (stakeholders) disagree. Second, the study considers the sorts of reasons offered by nurse educators for curricular choices and, third, it focusses on recommendations for basic nursing education. In the first part of the study, which addresses the first four questions, the sample (n=740) consisted of five groups: nurse service administrators, representatives from the ministries of health and education, representatives from the Registered Nurses Association of British Columbia, nurse educators and physicians. Each person was asked to complete a questionnaire. In the second part of the study, which addresses the fifth research question, the random sample (n = 33) consisted of nurse educators. Each was interviewed by the researcher. Completion of the questionnaire by the five groups revealed that stakeholders differed significantly in their rating of objectives, course content and clinical areas, and in their views of the appropriate type and the length of educational preparation. Much of the disagreement occurred between physicians and other groups. While some agreement was found on objectives, course content and clinical areas among the groups, there was also disagreement among all groups studied. Types of reasons given by nurse educators for particular curricular choices were (in order of frequency): educational, institutional, client, traditional, professional and 'other'. However the emphasis given to these categories varied — depending on the type of educational institution at which the educator was employed. In the third portion of the study the author — considering, among other things, the expressed wishes of the stakeholders surveyed — offers a proposal on the general form basic nursing education in British Columbia might take. It is her opinion that a suitable basic nursing education program should be at least four years in length, be one which allows students a choice of electives and one which offers a choice of clinical specialties.
Haag Duality and the Distal Split Property for Cones in the Toric Code
Creators: name: Naaijkens, Pieter
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: distal split property
subject: Haag duality
subject: toric code
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We prove that Haag duality holds for cones in the toric code model. That is, for a cone Λ, the algebra R Λ of observables localized in Λ and the algebra R Λc of observables localized in the complement Λ c generate each other's commutant as von Neumann algebras. Moreover, we show that the distal split property holds: if Λ 1⊂Λ 2 are two cones whose boundaries are well separated, there is a Type I factor N such that R Λ1 ⊂N ⊂ R Λ2. We demonstrate this by explicitly constructing N. © 2012 The Author(s).
Prototyping Autonomous Robotic Networks on Different Layers of RAMI 4.0 with Digital Twins
Creators: name: Barbie, Alexander
name: Hasselbring, Wilhelm
name: Pech, Niklas
name: Sommer, Stefan
name: Flögel, Sascha
name: Wenzhöfer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this decade, the amount of (industrial) Internet of Things devices will increase tremendously. Today, there exist no common standards for interconnection, observation, or the monitoring of these devices. In context of the German "Industrie 4.0" strategy the Reference Architectural Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) was introduced to connect different aspects of this rapid development. The idea is to let different stakeholders of these products speak and understand the same terminology. In this paper, we present an approach using Digital Twins to prototype different layers along the axis of the RAMI 4.0, by the example of an autonomous ocean observation system developed in the project ARCHES.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, published in 2020 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)
IITP@COLIEE 2019: Legal Information Retrieval using BM25 and BERT
Creators: name: Gain, Baban
name: Bandyopadhyay, Dibyanayan
name: Saikh, Tanik
name: Ekbal, Asif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Information Retrieval (IR) in the judicial domain is an essential task. With the advent of availability domain-specific data in electronic form and aid of different Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, automated language processing becomes more comfortable, and hence it becomes feasible for researchers and developers to provide various automated tools to the legal community to reduce human burden. The Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment (COLIEE-2019) run in association with the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL)-2019 has come up with few challenging tasks. The shared defined four sub-tasks (i.e. Task1, Task2, Task3 and Task4), which will be able to provide few automated systems to the judicial system. The paper presents our working note on the experiments carried out as a part of our participation in all the sub-tasks defined in this shared task. We make use of different Information Retrieval(IR) and deep learning based approaches to tackle these problems. We obtain encouraging results in all these four sub-tasks.
description: 5 pages. IITP@ COLIEE 2019: legal information retrieval using BM25 and BERT. Proceedings of the 6th Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment. COLIEE
Critical remarks on Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-first Century
Creators: name: Homburg, Stefan
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Routledge
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: capital
subject: income distribution
subject: taxes
subject: wealth
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: This article discusses the central macroeconomic claims that are made in Thomas Piketty’s book Capital in the Twenty-first Century. The article aims to show that Piketty’s contentions are not only logically flawed but also contradicted by his own data.
title: The prognostic influence of small leucine-rich proteoglycans on serous ovarian carcinomas
Creators: name: Surmann, Hanna
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Ovarialkarzinome zählen weltweit zu den tödlichsten Krebsarten. In einer alternden Gesellschaft steigt die Zahl der Betroffenen. Wegen fehlender Frühsymptome wird die Krankheit oft spät erkannt, die Mortalität ist hoch. Ein umfassendes Verständnis der Tumore und Überlebensfaktoren ist entscheidend für die Behandlung. Die Dissertation untersucht den Einfluss kleiner leucinreicher Proteoglykane (SLRPs) auf die Prognose von Ovarialkarzinomen. Die Expression der SLRPs in Ovarialkarzinomen im Vergleich zu normalem Ovarialgewebe wird mittels Online-Datenbank analysiert. PCR-Analysen an Ovarialkarzinomzelllinien bestimmen, ob diese Expression zellulär oder in der Extrazellulärmatrix verändert ist. Kaplan-Meier-Überlebensanalysen evaluieren den Einfluss auf das Überleben, während STRING-Analysen Interaktionen untersuchen. Eine niedrige Expression von SLRPs verbessert die Prognose seröser Ovarialkarzinome.
description: Contents ..... 6
List of Acronyms ..... 8
List of Figures ..... 10
List of Tables ..... 13
1 Introduction and Scope ..... 1
1.1 Introduction ..... 1
1.2 Research Questions ..... 2
1.3 Scope and Structure ..... 2
2 Theoretical Background ..... 3
2.1 Ovarian Cancer ..... 3
2.1.1 Epidemiology ..... 3
2.1.2 Risk Factors and Prevention ..... 4
2.1.3 Classification ..... 5
2.1.4 Symptoms and Staging ..... 6
2.1.5 Therapy ..... 7
2.1.6 Prognosis ..... 8
2.2 Small Leucine-rich Proteoglycans ..... 9
2.2.1 General functions of Small Leucine-rich Proteoglycans ..... 10
2.2.1.1 Biglycan ..... 10
2.2.1.2 Decorin ..... 11
2.2.1.3 Asporin ..... 11
2.2.1.4 ECM2 and ECMX ..... 12
2.2.1.5 Fibromodulin ..... 12
2.2.1.6 Lumican ..... 12
2.2.1.7 PRELP ..... 12
2.2.1.8 Keratocan ..... 13
2.2.1.9 Osteomodulin ..... 13
2.2.2 Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans and Cancer ..... 13
2.2.3 Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans and Serous Ovarian Cancer ..... 14
3 Methods ..... 17
3.1 Gene Expression in Tumor, Normal and Metastatic Tissue ..... 17
3.2 Quantitative Real Time PCR ..... 18
3.3 Survival Analysis ..... 19
3.4 String Analysis ..... 23
4 Results ..... 25
4.1 Gene Expression in Tumor, Normal and Metastatic Tissue ..... 25
4.2 Quantitative Real Time PCR ..... 26
4.3 Survival Analysis ..... 30
4.4 String Analysis ..... 38
5 Discussion ..... 40
5.1 Biglycan ..... 42
5.2 Decorin ..... 43
5.3 Asporin ..... 43
5.4 ECM2 ..... 44
5.5 ECMX ..... 44
5.6 Fibromodulin ..... 45
5.7 Lumican ..... 45
5.8 PRELP ..... 45
5.9 Keratocan ..... 46
5.10 Osteomodulin ..... 46
5.11 Interactions of SLRP ..... 47
5.12 Limitations ..... 48
6 Conclusion ..... 49
7 References ..... 50
8 Appendix ..... 57
Revealing the Heavy Quasiparticles in the Heavy-Fermion Superconductor CeCu2Si2
Creators: name: Wu, Zhongzheng
name: Fang, Yuan
name: Su, Hang
name: Xie, Wu
name: Li, Peng
name: Wu, Yi
name: Huang, Yaobo
name: Shen, Dawei
name: Thiagarajan, Balasubramanian
name: Adell, Johan
name: Cao, Chao
name: Yuan, Huiqiu
name: Steglich, Frank
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting order parameter of the first heavy-fermion superconductor CeCu2Si2 is currently under debate. A key ingredient to understand its superconductivity and physical properties is the quasiparticle dispersion and Fermi surface, which remains elusive experimentally. Here we present measurements from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our results emphasize the key role played by the Ce 4f electrons for the low-temperature Fermi surface, highlighting a band-dependent conduction-f electron hybridization. In particular, we find a very heavy quasi-two-dimensional electron band near the bulk X point and moderately heavy three-dimensional hole pockets near the Z point. Comparison with theoretical calculations reveals the strong local correlation in this compound, calling for further theoretical studies. Our results provide the electronic basis to understand the heavy fermion behavior and superconductivity; implications for the enigmatic superconductivity of this compound are also discussed.
Validação Confirmatória do "Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture" através de um estudo preliminar da Cultura de Segurança dos Doentes em quatro Hospitais Distritais/Nivel 1 Portugueses
Creators: name: Fernandes, António Manuel Martins Lopes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Cultura Segurança do Doente; Segurança do Doente

description: Validação confirmatória do questionário,HSPSC (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture) através de estudo exploratório, descritivo-transversal e correlacional sobre a «Cultura de Segurança do Doente em Meio Hospitalar Português.»
 Objectivos específicos:
 - Estudar as características psicométricas do instrumento de avaliação das dimensões da Cultura de Segurança dos Doentes em Hospitais Portugueses;
 - Caracterizar a Cultura de Segurança dos Doentes dos Hospitais incluídos no Estudo;
 - Identificar indicadores da CSD “fortes” e “críticos e problemáticos”; - Confirmar ou não a existência de diferenças na Cultura de Segurança dos Doentes percebida pelos Enfermeiros e a percepção do restante staff clínico (Médicos, Técnicos de Diagnóstico e Terapêutica, Técnicos Superiores de Saúde).
 - Verificar se a CSD varia entre o Staff clínico (Médicos, Enfermeiros, Técnicos de Diagnóstico e Terapêutica, Técnicos Superiores de Saúde) e o Staff não Clínico (Auxiliares de Acção Médica, Administrativos, Administradores não clínico)
Video-supported analysis of Beggiatoa filament growth, breakage, and movement
Creators: name: Kamp, Anja
name: Røy, Hans
name: Schulz-Vogt, Heide N.
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Bacterial Proteins
subject: Beggiatoa
subject: Cytoskeleton
subject: DNA, Bacterial
subject: In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: A marine Beggiatoa sp. was cultured in semi-solid agar with opposing oxygen-sulfide gradients. Growth pattern, breakage of filaments for multiplication, and movement directions of Beggiatoa filaments in the transparent agar were investigated by time-lapse video recording. The initial doubling time of cells was 15.7 ± 1.3 h (mean ± SD) at room temperature. Filaments grew up to an average length of 1.7 ± 0.2 mm, but filaments of up to approximately 6 mm were also present. First breakages of filaments occurred approximately 19 h after inoculation, and time-lapse movies illustrated that a parent filament could break into several daughter filaments within a few hours. In >20% of the cases, filament breakage occurred at the tip of a former loop. As filament breakage is accomplished by the presence of sacrificial cells, loop formation and the presence of sacrificial cells must coincide. We hypothesize that sacrificial cells enhance the chance of loop formation by interrupting the communication between two parts of one filament. With communication interrupted, these two parts of one filament can randomly move toward each other forming the tip of a loop at the sacrificial cell. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Additional file 4 of Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018
Creators: name: Saeed, Dania Khalid
name: Farooqi, Joveria
name: Shakoor, Sadia
name: Hasan, Rumina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4. Antimicrobial resistance rates (shown as percent resistance) amongst pediatric population based on literature review (2010–2017).
Additional file 5 of Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018
Creators: name: Saeed, Dania Khalid
name: Farooqi, Joveria
name: Shakoor, Sadia
name: Hasan, Rumina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5. Antimicrobial resistance rates from laboratory based antibiograms (2006–2018).
Analytical determination of the winding stator capacity for the prediction of high-frequency common mode current in electrical machines
Analytische Ermittlung der Wicklung-Stator-Kapazität in elektrischen Maschinen zur Vorausberechnung des hochfrequenten Common-Mode-Stroms
Creators: name: Stockbrügger, Jan Ole
name: Ponick, Bernd
Publisher: name: Wien [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: winding stator capacity
subject: shaft voltage
subject: circulating bearing currents
subject: traction motor
subject: Wicklung-Stator-Kapazität
subject: Wellenspannung
subject: zirkulare Lagerströme
subject: Traktionsantrieb
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The use of frequency converters provides easy variable speed operation of electric machines. However, parasitic and high-frequency phenomena occur in inverter-fed drives. As a result of the discrete switching states of the power transistors, the average of the three output voltages of the inverter is a common mode voltage which differs from zero. This common mode voltage is impressed into the motor winding by the inverter and causes a capacitive, high-frequency common mode current via the slot insulation. The winding stator capacity is composed of a slot and an end-winding portion. In this article, an analytical determination of the slot portion of the winding stator capacity is presented, which, in addition to the geometry of the conductor, takes into account the influence of materials with different permittivities. The determination of the slot portion of the winding stator capacity is based on the method of image charges. The method is validated by means of FEM simulations for different geometries and materials.
description: Der Einsatz von Umrichtern ermöglicht einen einfachen drehzahlveränderbaren Betrieb von Elektromotoren. Allerdings treten bei umrichtergespeisten Antrieben parasitäre, hochfrequente Erscheinungen auf. Der Mittelwert der drei Ausgangsspannungen eines Zweipunkt-Wechselrichters ist aufgrund der diskreten Schaltzustände der Leistungstransistoren eine von Null verschiedene Gleichtaktspannung, welche als Common-Mode-Spannung bezeichnet wird. Die Gleichtaktspannung wird durch den Umrichter in die Motorwicklung eingeprägt und verursacht über die Nutisolierung einen kapazitiven, hochfrequenten Common-Mode-Strom. Die Wicklung-Stator-Kapazität setzt sich aus einem Nut- und einem Stirnraumanteil zusammen. In diesem Artikel wird eine analytische Bestimmung des Nutanteils der Wicklung-Stator-Kapazität vorgestellt, welche neben der Geometrie des Leiters den Einfluss von Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Permittivitäten berücksichtigt. Die Ermittlung des Nutanteils der Wicklung-Stator-Kapazität basiert auf der Spiegelungsmethode. Das vorgestellte Modell wird mithilfe von FEM-Simulationen für verschiedene Geometrien und Materialien validiert.
Cutting Cosmological Correlators
Creators: name: Goodhew, Harry
name: Jazayeri, Sadra
name: Lee, Mang Hei Gordon
name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial conditions of our universe appear to us in the form of a classical probability distribution that we probe with cosmological observations. In the current leading paradigm, this probability distribution arises from a quantum mechanical wavefunction of the universe. Here we ask what the imprint of quantum mechanics is on the late time observables. We show that the requirement of unitary time evolution, colloquially the conservation of probabilities, fixes the analytic structure of the wavefunction and of all the cosmological correlators it encodes. In particular, we derive in perturbation theory an infinite set of single-cut rules that generalize the Cosmological Optical Theorem and relate a certain discontinuity of any tree-level $n$-point function to that of lower-point functions. Our rules are closely related to, but distinct from the recently derived Cosmological Cutting Rules. They follow from the choice of the Bunch-Davies vacuum and a simple property of the (bulk-to-bulk) propagator and are astoundingly general: we prove that they are valid for fields with a linear dispersion relation and any mass, any integer spin and arbitrary local interactions with any number of derivatives. They also apply to general FLRW spacetimes admitting a Bunch-Davies vacuum, including de Sitter, slow-roll inflation, power-law cosmologies and even resonant oscillations in axion monodromy. We verify the single-cut rules in a number of non-trivial examples, including four massless scalars exchanging a massive scalar, as relevant for cosmological collider physics, four gravitons exchanging a graviton, and a scalar five-point function.
description: 36 + 18 pages, 4 figures
Sustainable use of mangroves as sources of valuable medicinal compounds: Species identification, propagation and secondary metabolite composition
Creators: name: Glasenapp, Y.
name: Korth, I.
name: Nguyen, X.-V.
name: Papenbrock, J.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam ; Jena [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Avicennia
subject: DNA barcoding
subject: Fog house
subject: ITS marker
subject: Mangrove
subject: Propagation
subject: Secondary compounds
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Mangroves are able to withstand a number of stress factors, such as high salt concentrations, tidal flooding, strong wind, solar radiation and heat. Their ability to grow under these circumstances is based on morphological and physiological adaptations, among them the high abundance of plant secondary metabolites. We are interested to investigate and exploit their medicinal and biotechnological potential for new bioactive compounds, without collecting material in the countries of origin and in a sustainable way. Therefore, a simple identification system based on molecular marker analysis, and a sustainable greenhouse propagation protocol for the continuous supply of fresh plant material, were established. DNA barcoding of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) including ITS1, the 5.8S rRNA region and ITS2 as a molecular marker was applied for several mangrove species. The obtained data and GenBank sequences were used for species identification. Three mangrove species are cultivated in our greenhouse and propagated in different ways: Avicennia species produced many propagules in the greenhouse, however, further propagation by cuttings was not successful. Laguncularia racemosa was propagated by cuttings in a fog house whereas Bruguiera cylindrica was difficult to cultivate and propagation was not successful. Finally, the concentration of secondary phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, and the content of major elements were compared among naturally and greenhouse-grown mangroves indicating comparable amounts and composition.
Inductive rectilinear frame dragging and local coupling to the gravitational field of the universe
Creators: name: Williams, L. L.
name: Inan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a drag force on objects moving in the background cosmological metric, known from galaxy cluster dynamics. The force is quite small over laboratory timescales, yet it applies in principle to all moving bodies in the universe. It means it is possible for matter to exchange momentum and energy with the gravitational field of the universe, and that the cosmological metric can be determined in principle from local measurements on moving bodies. The drag force can be understood as inductive rectilinear frame dragging. This dragging force exists in the rest frame of a moving object, and arises from the off-diagonal components induced in the boosted-frame metric. Unlike the Kerr metric or other typical frame-dragging geometries, cosmological inductive dragging occurs at uniform velocity, along the direction of motion, and dissipates energy. Proposed gravito-magnetic invariants formed from contractions of the Riemann tensor do not appear to capture inductive dragging effects, and this might be the first identification of inductive rectilinear dragging.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Fock space, quantum fields and kappa-Poincaré symmetries
Creators: name: Arzano, Michele
name: Marciano, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantization of a linear scalar field, whose symmetries are described by the kappa-Poincare' Hopf-algebra, via deformed Fock space construction. The one-particle sector of the theory exhibits a natural (planckian) cut-off for the field modes. At the multi-particle level the non-trivial co-algebra structure of kappa-Poincare' leads to a deformed bosonization in the construction of Fock space states. These physical states carry energy-momentum charges which are divergenceless and obey a deformed dispersion relation.
description: RevTeX, 17 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Unsubstantiated health claims for COVID-19 infections are led by cannabidiol: return of snake oil medicine
Creators: name: Tran, Allan
name: Sheikhan, Natasha Y.
name: Sheikhan, Tania
name: Nowak, Dominik A.
name: Witek, Theodore J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Summary of FDA Warning Letters and Notice of Violation Letters to Various Companies. Abbreviations: CO; company, CL; clinic, CH; church, AA; affiliate marketing via Amazon Associates Program, US, United States; CA, Canada; CN, China; IN, India; IE, Ireland; IL, Israel; PR, Puerto Rico; SG, Singapore; MX, Mexico; UNP, unapproved use; MB, misbranding; UC, unsubstantiated claims; WS, website; FB, Facebook; YT, YouTube; TW, Twitter; IG, Instagram; LI; LinkedIn; EM, email. Empty "Claim Verbatim Example" cells indicate an absence of unsubstantiated claim(s) for the given company.
National Ecosystem Assessments in Europe: A Review
Creators: name: Schröter, Matthias
name: Albert, Christian
name: Marques, Alexandra
name: Tobon, Wolke
name: Lavorel, Sandra
name: Maes, Joachim
name: Brown, Claire
name: Klotz, Stefan
name: Bonn, Aletta
Publisher: name: Berkeley, Calif. [u.a.] : Univ. of California Press
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: boundary object
subject: conservation
subject: ecosystem service mapping
subject: IPBES
subject: quantification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: National ecosystem assessments form an essential knowledge base for safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services. We analyze eight European (sub-)national ecosystem assessments (Portugal, United Kingdom, Spain, Norway, Flanders, Netherlands, Finland, and Germany) and compare their objectives, political context, methods, and operationalization. We observed remarkable differences in breadth of the assessment, methods employed, variety of services considered, policy mandates, and funding mechanisms. Biodiversity and ecosystem services are mainly assessed independently, with biodiversity conceptualized as underpinning services, as a source of conflict with services, or as a service in itself. Recommendations derived from our analysis for future ecosystem assessments include the needs to improve the common evidence base, to advance the mapping of services, to consider international flows of services, and to connect more strongly to policy questions. Although the context specificity of national ecosystem assessments is acknowledged as important, a greater harmonization across assessments could help to better inform common European policies and future pan-regional assessments.
Hearing Higgs with Gravitational Wave Detectors
Creators: name: Salvio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relic gravitational wave background due to tensor linear perturbations generated during Higgs inflation is computed. Both the Standard Model and a well-motivated phenomenological completion (that accounts for all the experimentally confirmed evidence of new physics) are considered. We focus on critical Higgs inflation, which improves on the non-critical version and features an amplification of the tensor fluctuations. The latter property allows us to establish that future space-borne interferometers, such as DECIGO, BBO and ALIA, may detect the corresponding primordial gravitational waves.
description: v2: 20 pages, 2 figures, published version
Kinetic Theory for Binary Granular Mixtures at Low-Density
Creators: name: Garzo, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many features of granular media can be modelled as a fluid of hard spheres with {\em inelastic} collisions. Under rapid flow conditions, the macroscopic behavior of grains can be described through hydrodynamic equations. At low-density, a fundamental basis for the derivation of the hydrodynamic equations and explicit expressions for the transport coefficients appearing in them is provided by the Boltzmann kinetic theory conveniently modified to account for inelastic binary collisions. The goal of this chapter is to give an overview of the recent advances made for binary granular gases by using kinetic theory tools. Some of the results presented here cover aspects such as transport properties, energy nonequipartition, instabilities, segregation or mixing, non-Newtonian behavior, .... In addition, comparison of the analytical results with those obtained from Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations is also carried out, showing the reliability of kinetic theory to describe granular flows even for strong dissipation.
description: 49 pages, 13 figures, to appear in Playing with Marbles: Theory and Simulation of Hard-Sphere Fluids and Related Systems, edited by A. Mulero (Springer, to be published)
How Alfvén waves energize the solar wind: heat vs work
Creators: name: Perez, Jean C.
name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
name: Klein, Kristopher G.
name: Martinović, Mihailo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing body of evidence suggests that the solar wind is powered to a large extent by an Alfvén-wave (AW) energy flux. AWs energize the solar wind via two mechanisms: heating and work. We use high-resolution direct numerical simulations of reflection-driven AW turbulence (RDAWT) in a fast-solar-wind stream emanating from a coronal hole to investigate both mechanisms. In particular, we compute the fraction of the AW power at the coronal base ($P_{\rm AWb}$) that is transferred to solar-wind particles via heating between the coronal base and heliocentric distance $r$, which we denote $χ_{\rm H}(r)$, and the fraction that is transferred via work, which we denote $χ_{\rm W}(r)$. We find that $χ_{\rm W}(r_{\rm A})$ ranges from 0.15 to 0.3, where $r_{\rm A}$ is the Alfvén critical point. This value is small compared to~one because the Alfvén speed $v_{\rm A} $ exceeds the outflow velocity $U$ at $rr_{\rm A}$, where $v_{\rm A} < U$, the AWs are in an approximate sense "stuck to the plasma", which helps them do pressure work as the plasma expands. However, much of the AW power has dissipated by the time the AWs reach $r=r_{\rm A}$, so the total rate at which AWs do work on the plasma at $r>r_{\rm A}$ is a modest fraction of $P_{\rm AWb}$. We find that heating is more effective than work at $r
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of Plasma Physics
Supernova explosions in active galactic nuclear discs
Creators: name: Grishin, Evgeni
name: Bobrick, Alexey
name: Hirai, Ryosuke
name: Mandel, Ilya
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are prominent environments for stellar capture, growth and formation. These environments may catalyze stellar mergers and explosive transients, such as thermonuclear and core-collapse supernovae (SNe). SN explosions in AGN discs generate strong shocks, leading to unique observable signatures. We develop an analytical model which follows the evolution of the shock propagating in the disc until it eventually breaks out. We derive the peak luminosity, bolometric lightcurve, and breakout time. The peak luminosities may exceed $10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and last from hours to days. The brightest explosions occur in regions of reduced density; either off-plane, or in discs around low-mass central black holes ($\sim 10^6\ M_\odot$), or in starved subluminous AGNs. Explosions in the latter two sites are easier to observe due to a reduced AGN background luminosity. We perform suites of 1D Lagrangian radiative hydrodynamics SNEC code simulations to validate our results and obtain the luminosity in different bands, and 2D axisymmetric Eulerian hydrodynamics code HORMONE simulations to study the morphology of the ejecta and its deviation from spherical symmetry. The observed signature is expected to be a bright blue, UV, or X-ray flare on top of the AGN luminosity from the initial shock breakout, while the subsequent red part of the lightcurve will largely be unobservable. We estimate the upper limit for the total event rate to be $\mathcal{R}\lesssim 100\ \rm yr^{-1}\ Gpc^{-3}$ for optimal conditions and discuss the large uncertainties in this estimate. Future high-cadence transient searches may reveal these events. Some existing tidal disruption event candidates may originate from AGN supernovae.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Quantum Chaos, Delocalization, and Entanglement in Disordered Heisenberg Models
Creators: name: Brown, Winton G.
name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Starling, David J.
name: Viola, Lorenza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate disordered one- and two-dimensional Heisenberg spin lattices across a transition from integrability to quantum chaos from both a statistical many-body and a quantum-information perspective. Special emphasis is devoted to quantitatively exploring the interplay between eigenvector statistics, delocalization, and entanglement in the presence of nontrivial symmetries. The implications of basis dependence of state delocalization indicators (such as the number of principal components) is addressed, and a measure of {\em relative delocalization} is proposed in order to robustly characterize the onset of chaos in the presence of disorder. Both standard multipartite and {\em generalized entanglement} are investigated in a wide parameter regime by using a family of spin- and fermion- purity measures, their dependence on delocalization and on energy spectrum statistics being examined. A distinctive {\em correlation between entanglement, delocalization, and integrability} is uncovered, which may be generic to systems described by the two-body random ensemble and may point to a new diagnostic tool for quantum chaos. Analytical estimates for typical entanglement of random pure states restricted to a proper subspace of the full Hilbert space are also established and compared with random matrix theory predictions.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, revised version
Optical carrier wave shocking: detection and dispersion
Creators: name: Kinsler, P.
name: Radnor, S. B. P.
name: Tyrrell, J. C. A.
name: New, G. H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carrier wave shocking is studied using the Pseudo-Spectral Spatial Domain (PSSD) technique. We describe the shock detection diagnostics necessary for this numerical study, and verify them against theoretical shocking predictions for the dispersionless case. These predictions show Carrier Envelope Phase (CEP) and pulse bandwidth sensitivity in the single-cycle regime. The flexible dispersion management offered by PSSD enables us to independently control the linear and nonlinear dispersion. Customized dispersion profiles allow us to analyze the development of both carrier self-steepening and shocks. The results exhibit a marked asymmetry between normal and anomalous dispersion, both in the limits of the shocking regime and in the (near) shocked pulse waveforms. Combining these insights, we offer some suggestions on how carrier shocking (or at least extreme self-steepening) might be realised experimentally.
description: 9 pages
Suppression of Higgsino mediated proton decay by cancellations in GUTs and strings
Creators: name: Nath, Pran
name: Syed, Raza M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism for the enhancement for proton lifetime in supersymmetric/supergravity (SUSY/SUGRA) grand unified theories (GUTs) and in string theory models is discussed where Higgsino mediated proton decay arising from color triplets (anti-triplets) with charges $Q=-1/3(1/3)$ and $Q=-4/3(4/3)$ is suppressed by an internal cancellation due to contributions from different sources. We exhibit the mechanism for an SU(5) model with $45_H+\bar{45}_H$ Higgs multiplets in addition to the usual Higgs structure of the minimal model. This model contains both $Q=-1/3(1/3)$ and $Q=-4/3(4/3)$ Higgs color triplets (anti-triplets) and simple constraints allow for a complete suppression of Higgsino mediated proton decay. Suppression of proton decay in an SU(5) model with Planck scale contributions is also considered. The suppression mechanism is then exhibited for an SO(10) model with a unified Higgs structure involving $144_H+\bar{144}_H$ representations.The SU(5) decomposition of $144_H+\bar{144}_H$ contains $5_H+\bar 5_H$ and $45_H+\bar{45}_H$ and the cancellation mechanism arises among these contributions which mirrror the SU(5) case. The cancellation mechanism appears to be more generally valid for a larger class of unification models. Specifically the cancellation mechanism may play a role in string model constructions to suppress proton decay from dimension five operators. The mechanism allows for the suppression of proton decay consistent with current data allowing for the possibility that proton decay may be visible in the next round of nucleon stability experiment.
description: 26 pages, no figures. Revtex 4. To appear in Physical Review D
Extinction of incident hydrogen/air detonation in fine water sprays
Creators: name: Xu, Yong
name: Zhao, Majie
name: Zhang, Huangwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional numerical simulations with Eulerian-Lagrangian method are conducted to study propagation and extinction of stoichiometric hydrogen/air detonations in fine water sprays. Parameterized by water mass loading and initial droplet size, a detonation extinction map is developed. Detonation extinction would occur with larger mass loading and/or smaller droplet size. General features of gas phase and water droplets and local detonation frontal structures are well captured. Numerical soot foils are used to characterize the influence of mass loading and droplet size on the detonation wave. The results also show that the detonation cell size increases with increased mass loading or decreased droplet size. Analysis on unsteady detonation extinction process is performed with the evolutions of detonation frontal structure, spatial distribution of thermochemical variables and interphase transfer rates (mass, energy, and momentum). Moreover, the chemical explosive mode analysis reveals that for stable detonation, thermal runaway dominates behind the Mach stem, while chemical propensities of auto-ignition and thermal runaway appear alternately behind the incident wave. When the induction zone length increases as the reaction front (RF) and shock front (SF) are decoupled, localized burned pockets surrounded by the autoignition chemical explosive mode can be observed. In addition, the interactions between detonation wave and water droplets demonstrate that the energy and momentum transfer have more direct interaction with SF and RF than the mass transfer. The interphase transfer rates increase with the water mass loading. Under the same mass loading, the smaller the droplet size, the larger the interphase transfer rates. However, the size of fine water droplets has a limited influence on the interphase momentum exchange.
Spin-polarized transport through weakly coupled double quantum dots in the Coulomb-blockade regime
Creators: name: Weymann, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze cotunneling transport through two quantum dots in series weakly coupled to external ferromagnetic leads. In the Coulomb blockade regime the electric current flows due to third-order tunneling, while the second-order single-barrier processes have indirect impact on the current by changing the occupation probabilities of the double dot system. We predict a zero-bias maximum in the differential conductance, whose magnitude is conditioned by the value of the inter-dot Coulomb interaction. This maximum is present in both magnetic configurations of the system and results from asymmetry in cotunneling through different virtual states. Furthermore, we show that tunnel magnetoresistance exhibits a distinctively different behavior depending on temperature, being rather independent of the value of inter-dot correlation. Moreover, we find negative TMR in some range of the bias voltage.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Stochastic model for football's collective dynamics
Creators: name: Chacoma, A.
name: Almeira, N.
name: Perotti, J. I.
name: Billoni, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study collective interaction dynamics emerging in the game of football-soccer. To do so, we surveyed a database containing body-sensors traces measured during three professional football matches, where we observed statistical patterns that we used to propose a stochastic model for the players' motion in the field. The model, which is based on linear interactions, captures in good approximation the spatiotemporal dynamics of a football team. Our theoretical framework, therefore, becomes an effective analytical tool to uncover the underlying cooperative mechanisms behind the complexity of football plays. Moreover, we showed that it can provide handy theoretical support for coaches to evaluate teams' and players' performances in both training sessions and competitive scenarios.