cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
8D-spectral triple on 4D-Moyal space and the vacuum of noncommutative gauge theory
Creators: name: Grosse, Harald
name: Wulkenhaar, Raimar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing that the Hamiltonian of the renormalisable scalar field theory on 4-dimensional Moyal space A is the square of a Dirac operator D of spectral dimension 8, we complete (A,D) to a compact 8-dimensional spectral triple. We add another Connes-Lott copy and compute the spectral action of the corresponding U(1)-Yang-Mills-Higgs model. We find that in the Higgs potential the square ϕ^2 of the Higgs field is shifted to ϕ* ϕ+ const X_μ* X^μ, where X_μis the covariant coordinate. The classical field equations of our model imply that the vacuum is no longer given by a constant Higgs field, but both the Higgs and gauge fields receive non-constant vacuum expectation values.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages. Preface added which explains the mathematical achievements since v1; these are presented in arXiv:1108.2184. Incorrect section about field equations removed
Ultralight bosons for strong gravity applications from simple Standard Model extensions
Creators: name: Freitas, Felipe F.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Morais, António P.
name: Onofre, António
name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Sanchis-Gual, Nicolas
name: Santos, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct families, and concrete examples, of simple extensions of the Standard Model that can yield ultralight {real or} complex vectors or scalars with potential astrophysical relevance. Specifically, the mass range for these putative fundamental bosons ($\sim 10^{-10}-10^{-20}$ eV) would lead dynamically to both new non-black hole compact objects (bosonic stars) and new non-Kerr black holes, with masses of $\sim M_\odot$ to $\sim 10^{10} M_\odot$, corresponding to the mass range of astrophysical black hole candidates (from stellar mass to supermassive). For each model, we study the properties of the mass spectrum and interactions after spontaneous symmetry breaking, discuss its theoretical viability and caveats, as well as some of its potential and most relevant phenomenological implications {linking them to the} physics of compact objects.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
DIS and the effects of fluctuations: a momentum space analysis
Creators: name: Basso, E.
name: Ducati, M. B. Gay
name: de Oliveira, E. G.
name: Amaral, J. T. de Santana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the dipole models of deep inelastic scattering at small values of the Bjorken variable $x$, one has been recently proposed which relates the virtual photon-proton cross section to the dipole-proton forward scattering amplitude in momentum space. The latter is parametrized by an expression which interpolates between its behavior at saturation and the travelling wave, ultraviolet, amplitudes predicted by perturbative QCD from the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation. Inspired by recent developments in coordinate space, we use this model to parametrize the proton structure function and confront it to HERA data on $ep$ deep inelastic scattering. Both event-by-event and the physical amplitudes are considered, the latter used to investigate the effect of gluon number fluctuations, beyond the mean-field approximation. We conclude that fluctuations are not present in DIS at HERA energies.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Resonant Spin Polarization and Hall Effects in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Zhang, Degang
name: Mu, Yao-Ming
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied transport properties in a two-dimensional electron gas with equal Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions under a perpendicular magnetic field. By employing the exact solution for this system, we found resonant charge and spin Hall conductances at a certain magnetic field, where all the nearest-neighboring Landau levels cross. Near this value of magnetic field, there exists a resonant spin polarization, which can also induce resonant charge and spin Hall effects.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
HD147506b: A Super-Massive Planet in an Eccentric Orbit Transiting a Bright Star
Creators: name: Bakos, G. A.
name: Kovacs, G.
name: Torres, G.
name: Fischer, D. A.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Noyes, R. W.
name: Sasselov, D. D.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Butler, R. P.
name: Stefanik, R. P.
name: Fernandez, J. M.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Pal, A.
name: Johnson, J.
name: Marcy, G. W.
name: Winn, J.
name: Sipocz, B.
name: Lazar, J.
name: Papp, I.
name: Sari, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a massive (Mp = 9.04+/-0.50 MJup) planet transiting the bright (V = 8.7) F8 star HD 147506, with an orbital period of 5.63341+/-0.00013 days and an eccentricity of e = 0.520+/-0.010. From the transit light curve we determine that the radius of the planet is Rp = 0.982^{+0.038}_{0.105}RJup. HD 147506b (also coined HAT-P-2b) has a mass about 9 times the average mass of previously-known transiting exoplanets, and a density of rho = 11.9 g cm-3, greater than that of rocky planets like the Earth. Its mass and radius are marginally consistent with theories of structure of massive giant planets composed of pure H and He, and may require a large (~100 Earth mass) core to account for. The high eccentricity causes a 9-fold variation of insolation of the planet between peri- and apastron. Using follow-up photometry, we find that the center of transit is Tmid = 2,454,212.8559 +/- 0.0007 (HJD), and the transit duration is 0.177 +/-0.002 d.
description: Revised version sent to ApJ
Radiative transfer and the energy equation in SPH simulations of star formation
Creators: name: Stamatellos, D.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
name: Bisbas, T.
name: Goodwin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and test a new and highly efficient method for treating the thermal and radiative effects influencing the energy equation in SPH simulations of star formation. The method uses the density, temperature and gravitational potential of each particle to estimate a mean optical depth, which then regulates the particle's heating and cooling. The method captures -- at minimal computational cost -- the effects of (i) the rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom of H2, H2 dissociation, H0 ionisation, (ii) opacity changes due to ice mantle melting, sublimation of dust, molecular lines, H-, bound-free and free-free processes and electron scattering; (iv) external irradiation; and (v) thermal inertia. The new algorithm reproduces the results of previous authors and/or known analytic solutions. The computational cost is comparable to a standard SPH simulation with a simple barotropic equation of state. The method is easy to implement, can be applied to both particle- and grid-based codes, and handles optical depths 0
description: Submitted to A&A, recommended for publication
title: Non-classical model for description of the dynamic elasticity modulus of the materials
Creators: name: Guzev,  M.A.
name: Riabokon, E.P.
name: Turbakov, M.S.
name: Poplygin, V.V.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021

description: A nonclassical gradient model of a continuous medium is proposed to describe the dispersion of Young's modulus of a rock sample observed under dynamic loading of the sample. The phenomenological parameters of the model are determined on the basis of an analysis of the results of experimental studies of the behavior of Young's modulus depending on the frequency and amplitude of the external loading.
Calculating Cost Distributions of a Multiservice Loss System
Creators: name: Jormakka, Jorma
name: Ghosh, Sourangshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60K25 (Primary) 60J20, 60K20 (Secondary)

description: Congestion pricing has received lots of attention in scientific discussion. Congestion pricing means that the operator increases prices at the time of congestion and the traffic demand are expected to decrease. In a certain sense, shadow prices are an optimal way of congestion pricing: users are charged shadow prices, i.e., the expectations of future losses because of blocked connections. The shadow prices can be calculated exactly from the Howard equation, but this method is difficult. The paper presents simple approximations to the solution of the Howard equation and a way to derive more exact approximations. If users do not react by lowering their demand, they will receive higher bills to pay. Many users do not react to increased prices but would want to know how the congestion pricing mechanism affects the bills. The distribution of the price of a connection follows from knowing the shadow prices and the probability of a congestion state. There is another interesting distribution. The network produces profit to the operator, or equivalently, blocked connections produce a cost to the operator. The average cost rate can be calculated from the Howard equation, but the costs have some distribution. The distribution gives the risk that the actual costs exceed the average costs, and the operator should include this risk in the prices. The main result of this paper shows how to calculate the distribution of the costs in the future for congestion pricing by shadow prices and for congestion pricing with a more simple pricing scheme that produces the same average costs.
description: 15 Pages, 18 References
Protein sequence design with deep generative models
Creators: name: Wu, Zachary
name: Johnston, Kadina E.
name: Arnold, Frances H.
name: Yang, Kevin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protein engineering seeks to identify protein sequences with optimized properties. When guided by machine learning, protein sequence generation methods can draw on prior knowledge and experimental efforts to improve this process. In this review, we highlight recent applications of machine learning to generate protein sequences, focusing on the emerging field of deep generative methods.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Cyclooxygenase inhibition in ischemic brain injury
Creators: name: Candelario-Jalil, Eduardo
name: Fiebich, Bernd L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neuroinflammation is one of the key pathological events involved in the progression of brain damage caused by cerebral ischemia. Metabolism of arachidonic acid through cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes is known to be actively involved in the neuroinflammatory events leading to neuronal death after ischemia. Two isoforms of COX, termed COX-1 and COX-2, have been identified. Unlike COX-1, COX-2 expression is dramatically induced by ischemia and appears to be an effector of tissue damage. This review article will focus specifically on the involvement of COX isozymes in brain ischemia. We will discuss issues related to the biochemistry and selective pharmacological inhibition of COX enzymes, and further refer to their expression in the brain under normal conditions and following excitotoxicity and ischemic cerebral injury. We will review present knowledge of the relative contribution of each COX isoform to the brain ischemic pathology, based on data from investigations utilizing selective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors and genetic knockout mouse models. The mechanisms of neurotoxicity associated with increased COX activity after ischemia will also be examined. Finally, we will provide a critical evaluation of the therapeutic potential of COX inhibitors in cerebral ischemia and discuss new targets downstream of COX with potential neuroprotective ability.
Friend or Foe: A Review and Synthesis of Computational Models of the Identity Labeling Problem
Creators: name: Joseph, Kenneth
name: Morgan, Jonathan Howard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the identity labeling problem - given an individual in a social situation, can we predict what identity(ies) they will be labeled with by someone else? This problem remains a theoretical gap and methodological challenge, evidenced by the fact that models of social-cognition often sidestep the issue by treating identities as already known. We build on insights from existing models to develop a new framework, entitled Latent Cognitive Social Spaces, that can incorporate multiple social cues including sentiment information, socio-demographic characteristics, and institutional associations to estimate the most culturally expected identity. We apply our model to data collected in two vignette experiments, finding that it predicts identity labeling choices of participants with a mean absolute error of 10.9%, a 100% improvement over previous models based on parallel constraint satisfaction and affect control theory.
description: Accepted at Journal of Mathematical Sociology
$\ge 4 μ$ signal from a vector-like lepton decaying to a muon-philic $Z^\prime$ boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel possibility to detect a very distinctive signal with more than four muons originating from pair-produced vector-like leptons decaying to a muon-philic $Z^\prime$ boson. These new particles are good candidates to explain the anomalies in the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the $b\to s\ell\ell$ processes. The doublet (singlet) vector-like leptons lighter than 1.3 (1.0) TeV are excluded by the latest data at the LHC if $\mathrm{BR}(E\to Z^\prime μ) = 1$. We also show that the excess in the signal region with more than five leptons can be explained by this scenario if the vector-like lepton is a weak singlet, with mass about 400 GeV and $\mathrm{BR}(E\to Z^\prime μ) = 0.25$. The future prospects at the HL-LHC are discussed.
description: 11+6 pages, 8 figures
Advantages to late breeding in Ruddy ducks
Creators: name: Somerville, Alison Joan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Ruddy Ducks in the Chilcotin parklands of British Columbia nest in late June, July and early August, later than most other waterfowl species breeding in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. This thesis considers factors that may affect the timing of breeding in Ruddy Ducks by comparing Ruddy Ducks to Barrow's Goldeneye and Bufflehead (species that breed early but do not renest) and to American Coot (a species that breeds early and is able to renest). These factors include predation, flooding and desertion of nests, feeding behavior of ducklings, abundance of food, availability of green vegetation and fluctuations in temperature. Possible advantages of late breeding include reduced nest predation and higher ambient temperature during incubation. Longer dive durations and more frequent feeding and resting by Ruddy ducklings may enable ducklings to maximize energy for growth. Reduced nest flooding late in the season, dependence on green vegetation for nesting and greater abundance of food for young in summer were not demonstrated by this study. Therefore, these factors apparently do not explain the timing of breeding in Ruddy Ducks in southwestern British Columbia. Despite insufficient time to renest and shorter time for ducklings to mature before ponds freeze, the average number of 2B age class young produced per pair of Ruddy Ducks was similar to that of American Coots. Forty percent of nesting Ruddy females did not hatch any young, whereas almost all nesting Coot females successfully hatched young; however, survival of Ruddy ducklings to 2B age class (four weeks old) was higher than that of American Coots, Barrow's Goldeneye and Bufflehead.
Eclipsing Systems with Pulsating Components (Types β Cep, δ Sct, γ Dor or Red Giant) in the Era of High-Accuracy Space Data
Creators: name: Lampens, Patricia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eclipsing systems are essential objects for understanding the properties of stars and stellar systems. Eclipsing systems with pulsating components are furthermore advantageous because they provide accurate constraints on the component properties, as well as a complementary method for pulsation mode determination, crucial for precise asteroseismology. The outcome of space missions aiming at delivering high-accuracy light curves for many thousands of stars in search of planetary systems has also generated new insights in the field of variable stars and revived the interest of binary systems in general. The detection of eclipsing systems with pulsating components has particularly benefitted from this, and progress in this field is growing fast. In this review, we showcase some of the recent results obtained from studies of eclipsing systems with pulsating components based on data acquired by the space missions {\it Kepler} or TESS. We consider different system configurations including semi-detached eclipsing binaries in (near-)circular orbits, a (near-)circular and non-synchronized eclipsing binary with a chemically peculiar component, eclipsing binaries showing the heartbeat phenomenon, as well as detached, eccentric double-lined systems. All display one or more pulsating component(s). Among the great variety of known classes of pulsating stars, we discuss unevolved or slightly evolved pulsators of spectral type B, A or F and red giants with solar-like oscillations. Some systems exhibit additional phenomena such as tidal effects, angular momentum transfer, (occasional) mass transfer between the components and/or magnetic activity. How these phenomena and the orbital changes affect the different types of pulsations excited in one or more components, offers a new window of opportunity to better understand the physics of pulsations.
description: 15 pages. Accepted for publication in Galaxies, Special Issue "Astrophysics of Eclipsing Binaries in the Era of Space-Borne Telescopes". Issue release date: 2021-06-24
Analytic gradients in variational quantum algorithms: Algebraic extensions of the parameter-shift rule to general unitary transformations
Creators: name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
name: Lang, Robert A.
name: Yen, Tzu-Ching
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimization of unitary transformations in Variational Quantum Algorithms benefits highly from efficient evaluation of cost function gradients with respect to amplitudes of unitary generators. We propose several extensions of the parametric-shift-rule to formulating these gradients as linear combinations of expectation values for generators with general eigen-spectrum (i.e. with more than two eigenvalues). Our approaches are exact and do not use any auxiliary qubits, instead they rely on a generator eigen-spectrum analysis. Two main directions in the parametric-shift-rule extensions are 1) polynomial expansion of the exponential unitary operator based on a limited number of different eigenvalues in the generator and 2) decomposition of the generator as a linear combination of low-eigenvalue operators (e.g. operators with only 2 or 3 eigenvalues). These techniques have a range of scalings for the number of needed expectation values with the number of generator eigenvalues from quadratic (for polynomial expansion) to linear and even $\log_2$ (for generator decompositions). This allowed us to propose efficient differentiation schemes superior to previous approaches for commonly used 2-qubit transformations (e.g. match-gates, transmon and fSim gates) and $\hat S^2$-conserving fermionic operators for the variational quantum eigensolver.
Analisis Penentuan Strategi Bimbingan Karir Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Dalam Berkompetisi Sebagai Tenaga Kerja Dan Wirausaha Menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Creators: name: Irwansyah, Budi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130305 Educational Counselling
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation

description: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prioritas utama strategi bimbingan karir siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dalam berkompetisi sebagai tenaga kerja dan wirausaha. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, ada berbagai macam metode yang dapat digunakan para pengambil keputusan di suatu Lembaga Pendidikan seperti SMK, misalnya metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, prioritas pertama yang harus difokuskan oleh pengambil keputusan di Lembaga Pendidikan (SMK) kabupaten Aceh Tamiang adalah pada strategi pemahaman diri siswa. Strategi ini memiliki nilai eigen value sebesar 0,4972; prioritas kedua adalah memfokuskan pada strategi pemahaman lingkungan, dengan eigen value 0,2431; prioritas ketiga adalah strategi pemahaman nilai-nilai, dengan eigen value 0,1886; dan prioritas keempat adalah strategi pengambilan keputusan dengan eigen value sebesar 0,6928. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diterima dan dijadikan acuan dalam pengambilan keputusan di suatu Lembaga Pendidikan (SMK) dikarenakan tingkat kekonsistenan dari seluruh jawaban responden ahli dibawah angka CR ≤ 0,1.
Training Optimization for Gauss-Markov Rayleigh Fading Channels
Creators: name: Akin, Sami
name: Gursoy, Mustafa Cenk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, pilot-assisted transmission over Gauss-Markov Rayleigh fading channels is considered. A simple scenario, where a single pilot signal is transmitted every T symbols and T-1 data symbols are transmitted in between the pilots, is studied. First, it is assumed that binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation is employed at the transmitter. With this assumption, the training period, and data and training power allocation are jointly optimized by maximizing an achievable rate expression. Achievable rates and energy-per-bit requirements are computed using the optimal training parameters. Secondly, a capacity lower bound is obtained by considering the error in the estimate as another source of additive Gaussian noise, and the training parameters are optimized by maximizing this lower bound.
description: To appear in the Proc. of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications
Magnon diffuse scattering in scanning transmission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Lyon, Keenan
name: Bergman, Anders
name: Zeiger, Paul
name: Kepaptsoglou, Demie
name: Ramasse, Quentin M.
name: Idrobo, Juan Carlos
name: Rusz, Ján
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory and a simulation of thermal diffuse scattering due to the excitation of magnons in scanning transmission electron microscopy. The calculations indicate that magnons can present atomic contrast when detected by electron energy-loss spectroscopy using atomic-size electron beams. The results presented here indicate that the intensity of the magnon diffuse scattering in bcc iron at 300~K is 4 orders of magnitude weaker than the intensity of thermal diffuse scattering arising from atomic vibrations. In an energy range where the phonon and magnon dispersions do not overlap, a monochromated scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with direct electron detectors for spectroscopy is expected to resolve the magnon spectral signatures.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Correlation functions and transport coefficients in generalised hydrodynamics
Creators: name: De Nardis, Jacopo
name: Doyon, Benjamin
name: Medenjak, Marko
name: Panfil, Miłosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent advances on exact results for dynamical correlation functions at large scales and related transport coefficients in interacting integrable models. We discuss Drude weights, conductivity and diffusion constants, as well as linear and nonlinear response on top of equilibrium and non-equilibrium states. We consider the problems from the complementary perspectives of the general hydrodynamic theory of many-body systems, including hydrodynamic projections, and form-factor expansions in integrable models, and show how they provide a comprehensive and consistent set of exact methods to extract large scale behaviours. Finally, we overview various applications in integrable spin chains and field theories.
description: 93 pages, 16 figures. To appear in JSTAT special issue "Emergent Hydrodynamics in Integrable Many-body Systems"
Dapatkah kita mempraktikkan pertanian berkelanjutan di lahan suboptimal?
Creators: name: Fawzi, Nurul Ihsan
name: Qurani, Ika Zahara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70199 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 50302 Land Capability and Soil Degradation
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Lahan suboptimal seringkali tidak dimanfaatkan untuk pertanian karena membutuhkan biaya tinggi untuk persiapan lahan dan pemeliharaan yang lebih rumit. Namun, seiring menyusutnya area pertanian akibat konversi lahan, pemanfaatan lahan suboptimal tidak dapat dihindari untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pangan kita.
A microcomputer program for optical multilayer thin films
Creators: name: Betts, Kevin Howard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A microcomputer software package was written to calculate the tranmission and reflection characteristics of multilayer thin films on a substrate. The program was written to be as "user-friendly", versatile and modular as possible. To test the program, a transparent oxide-type heat-mirror film capped with an antireflection coating was studied for greenhouse applications. Si0₂ and ZnO were considered as representative antireflection and heat-mirror materials respectively. The results of calculations of heat transfer coefficient and transmittance of the glazing construction polyethylene/air gap/Si0₂/ZnO/polyethylene are presented. The resulting structure is shown to give a visible light transmission spectrum which closely matches the plant sensitivity curve for plant growth and has higher thermal insulation compared to uncoated polyethylene.
Influence of the single-particle Zeeman energy on the quantum Hall ferromagnet at high filling factors
Creators: name: Piot, B. A.
name: Maude, D. K.
name: Henini, M.
name: Wasilewski, Z. R.
name: Gupta, J. A.
name: Friedland, K. J.
name: Hey, R.
name: Ploog, K. H.
name: Gennser, U.
name: Cavanna, A.
name: Mailly, D.
name: Airey, R.
name: Hill, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [B. A. Piot et al., Phys. Rev. B 72, 245325 (2005)], we have shown that the lifting of the electron spin degeneracy in the integer quantum Hall effect at high filling factors should be interpreted as a magnetic-field-induced Stoner transition. In this work, we extend the analysis to investigate the influence of the single-particle Zeeman energy on the quantum Hall ferromagnet at high filling factors. The single-particle Zeeman energy is tuned through the application of an additional in-plane magnetic field. Both the evolution of the spin polarization of the system and the critical magnetic field for spin splitting are well described as a function of the tilt angle of the sample in the magnetic field.
description: Published in Phys. Rev. B
October : Communication Devices and Systems for Smart City Infrastructures
Creators: Vyasa Sai
Haesik Kim
Bernard Fong
Paawan Sharma
Anurag Kandya
Vipin Shukla
Leonard Mabele
Joseph Sevilla
Oscar Onyango
Deborsi Basu
Raja Datta
Uttam Ghosh
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Newsletter
This is the first issue on Communication Devices and Systems for Smart City Infrastructures featuring a foreword by Vyasa Sai, Haesik Kim, and Bernard Fong, "Data analytics strategies for assessing pollution spread using sensor data", "Scaling Narrowband-IoT to Drive 5G Adoption for a Smart City - A Case Study of Nairobi City", and "SoftCity: Softwarized and Adaptive Network Slicing for Intelligent Smart City Communication".
A new mapped WENO scheme using order-preserving mapping
Creators: name: Li, Ruo
name: Zhong, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Existing mapped WENO schemes can hardly prevent spurious oscillations while preserving high resolutions at long output times. We reveal in this paper the essential reason for such phenomena. It is actually caused by that the mapping function in these schemes can not preserve the order of the nonlinear weights of the stencils. The nonlinear weights may be increased for non-smooth stencils and be decreased for smooth stencils. It is then indicated to require the set of mapping functions to be Order-Preserving in mapped WENO schemes. Therefore, we propose a new mapped WENO scheme with a set of mapping functions to be order-preserving which exhibits a remarkable advantage over the mapped WENO schemes in references. For long output time simulations, the new scheme has the capacity to attain high resolutions and avoid spurious oscillations near discontinuities meanwhile.
Safety of the Intended Driving Behavior Using Rulebooks
Creators: name: Collin, Anne
name: Bilka, Artur
name: Pendleton, Scott
name: Tebbens, Radboud Duintjer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are complex systems that drive in uncertain environments and potentially navigate unforeseeable situations. Safety of these systems requires not only an absence of malfunctions but also high performance of functions in many different scenarios. The ISO/PAS 21448 [1] guidance recommends a process to ensure the Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF) for road vehicles. This process starts with a functional specification that fully describes the intended functionality and further includes the verification and validation that the AV meets this specification. For the path planning function, defining the correct sequence of control actions for each vehicle in all potential driving situations is intractable. In this paper, the authors provide a link between the Rulebooks framework, presented by [2], and the SOTIF process. We establish that Rulebooks provide a functional description of the path planning task in an AV and discuss the potential usage of the method for verification and validation.
A new probe of magnetic fields during high-mass star formation: Zeeman splitting of 6.7 GHz methanol masers
Creators: name: Vlemmings, W. H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The role of magnetic fields during high-mass star formation is a matter of fierce debate, yet only a few direct probes of magnetic field strengths are available. Aims: The magnetic field is detected in a number of massive star-forming regions through polarization observations of 6.7 GHz methanol masers. Although these masers are the most abundant of the maser species occurring during high-mass star formation, most magnetic field measurements in the high-density gas currently come from OH and H2 O maser observations. Methods: The 100-m Effelsberg telescope was used to measure the Zeeman splitting of 6.7 GHz methanol masers for the first time. The observations were performed on a sample of 24 bright northern maser sources. Results: Significant Zeeman splitting is detected in 17 of the sources with an average magnitude of 0.56 m/s . Using the current best estimate of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser Zeeman splitting coefficient and a geometrical correction, this corresponds to an absolute magnetic field strength of 23 mG in the methanol maser region. Conclusions: The magnetic field is dynamically important in the dense maser regions. No clear relation is found with the available OH maser magnetic field measurements. The general sense of direction of the magnetic field is consistent with other Galactic magnetic field measurements, although a few of the masers display a change of direction between different maser features. Due to the abundance of methanol masers, measuring their Zeeman splitting provides the opportunity to construct a comprehensive sample of magnetic fields in high-mass star-forming regions.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures (incl. 3 online figures); A&A accepted
Nonlocal structure of the leading order \textit{ab initio} effective potentials for proton elastic scattering from light nuclei
Creators: name: Elster, Ch.
name: Burrows, M.
name: Baker, R. B.
name: Weppner, S. P.
name: Launey, K. D.
name: Maris, P.
name: Popa, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the spectator expansion of the multiple scattering series we employ a chiral next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) nucleon-nucleon interaction on the same footing in the structure as well as in the reaction calculation to obtain an in leading-order consistent effective potential for nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering, which includes the spin of the struck target nucleon. As an example we present proton scattering off $^{12}$C.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Contribution to Proceedings of APFB2020
Performance Analysis for Multichannel Reception of OOFSK Signaling
Creators: name: Wang, Qingyun
name: Gursoy, Mustafa Cenk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, the error performance of on-off frequency shift keying (OOFSK) modulation over fading channels is analyzed when the receiver is equipped with multiple antennas. The analysis is conducted in two cases: the coherent scenario where the fading is perfectly known at the receiver, and the noncoherent scenario where neither the receiver nor the transmitter knows the fading coefficients. For both cases, the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detection rule is derived and analytical probability of error expressions are obtained. The effect of fading correlation among the receiver antennas is also studied. Simulation results indicate that for sufficiently low duty cycle values, lower probability of error values with respect to FSK signaling are achieved. Equivalently, when compared to FSK modulation, OOFSK with low duty cycle requires less energy to achieve the same probability of error, which renders this modulation a more energy efficient transmission technique.
description: Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference
Onset of electron-seeded cascades in generic electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Mironov, A. A.
name: Gelfer, E. G.
name: Fedotov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QED cascades in a strong electromagnetic field of optical range and arbitrary configuration are considered. A general expression for short-time dependence of the key electron quantum dynamical parameter is derived, allowing to generalize the effective threshold condition of QED cascade onset. The generalized theory is applied to selfsustained cascades in a single focused laser pulse. According to numerical simulations, if a GeV electron bunch is used as a seed, an ordinary cascade can be converted into the selfsustained one. As an application, it would be also possible to produce this way bright collimated photon beams with up to GeV photon energies.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Identifying rote learning and the supporting effects of hints in drills
Creators: name: Stefansson, Gunnar
name: Jonsdottir, Anna Helga
name: Jonmundsson, Thorarinn
name: Sigurdsson, Gylfi Snaer
name: Bergsdottir, Ingunn Lilja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whenever students use any drilling system the question arises how much of their learning is meaningful learning vs memorisation through repetition or rote learning. Although both types of learning have their place in an educational system it is important to be able to distinguish between these two approaches to learning and identify options which can dislodge students from rote learning and motivate them towards meaningful learning. The tutor-web is an online drilling system. The design aim of the system is learning rather than evaluation. This is done by presenting students with multiple-choice questions which are selected randomly but linked to the students' performance. The questions themselves can be generated for a specific topic by drawing correct and incorrect answers from a collection associated with a general problem statement or heading. With this generating process students may see the same question heading twice but be presented with all new answer options or a mixture of new and old answer options. Data from a course on probability theory and statistics, taught during COVID-19, are analysed to separate rote learning from meaningful learning. The analyses show non-rote learning, but even with large question databases, students' performance is better when they are presented with an answer option they have seen before. An element of rote learning is thus exhibited but a deeper learning is also demonstrated. The item database has been seeded with hints such that some questions contain clues to cue the students towards the correct answer. This ties in with the issue of meaningful learning versus rote learning since the hope is that a new hint will work as a cue to coax the student to think harder about the question rather than continue to employ rote learning. Preliminary results indicate that hints are particularly useful for students with poor performance metrics.
D5.2 Policy-based Language Data Management
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Doncel, Víctor
name: Calleja, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Language resources ready to be exploited need a proper licence and policy information management. This deliverable describes the data model, data assets and REST Services to manage the rights and provenance information related to the language resources. A portal
 has been published where all the information is presented (https://pddm-pal.oeg.fi.upm.es/). Source code has been made publicly available, as well as the mapping of about 200 licences into a machine-readable form based on the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL). Integration with parts of Linghub shall be reported in D5.3 “Prêt-à-LLOD Language Resource Discover Portal”, in June 2020 -Linghub is a portal providing harmonized access to language resource metadata, and a central resource of Prêt-à-LLOD
Fishing vessel optimization : a design tool
Creators: name: Bower, Thomas Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Rising fuel costs and decreased catch sizes have reduced the fishing vessel owners profit margin. This has caused the owners to try to find methods that reduce the costs of their operations. In this thesis a tool which can be used by fishing vessel designers, and operators, is developed for use at the preliminary ship design stage. It is used to determine the best fishing vessel parameters for a given operational scenario found on the West Coast of Canada.
The muon g-2 and the bounds on the Higgs boson mass
Creators: name: Passera, M.
name: Marciano, W. J.
name: Sirlin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of the muon g-2 status, we analyze the possibility that the present discrepancy between experiment and the Standard Model (SM) prediction may be due to hypothetical errors in the determination of the hadronic leading-order contribution to the latter. In particular, we show how an increase of the hadro-production cross section in low-energy e^+e^- collisions could bridge the muon g-2 discrepancy, leading however to a decrease on the electroweak upper bound on M_H, the SM Higgs boson mass. That bound is currently M_H < ~ 150GeV (95%CL) based on the preliminary top quark mass M_t = 172.6(1.4)GeV and the recent determination Δα_{\rm had}^{(5)}(M_Z) = 0.02768(22), while the direct-search lower bound is M_H > 114.4GeV (95%CL). By means of a detailed analysis we conclude that this solution of the muon g-2 discrepancy is unlikely in view of current experimental error estimates. However, if this turns out to be the solution, the 95%CL upper bound on M_H is reduced to about 130GeV which, in conjunction with the experimental lower bound, leaves a narrow window for the mass of this fundamental particle.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor changes, references added
Application of Real-Time Distribution Grid Monitoring for Grid Forecasting and Control Considering Incomplete Information of Resources Behind-the-Meter
Creators: Mehdi Jalali and Omid Alizadeh-Mousavi
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

This paper presents a rolling horizon optimal energy management mechanism using real-time grid monitoring data.
This paper presents a rolling horizon optimal energy management mechanism using real-time grid monitoring data. The proposed mechanism includes novel approaches in terms of real-time data processing, net-load forecasting, and optimal scheduling of battery energy storage systems. The proposed real-time data processing and net-load forecasting techniques use fast training and computationally efficient methods based on grid monitoring data. The data processing and parameter forecasting methods are based on auto-regressive with exogenous variables (ARX). Two sets of features including similar values in previous hours, days, and weeks as well as calendar effects are used for training the forecast model. Furthermore, the impact of additional non-synchronized weather features adopted from meteorology databases on the forecasts' accuracy is discussed. Finally, a real-time optimal scheduling is proposed to optimize battery energy storage systems (BESS), maximizing the self-consumption at grid and community levels. The application of real-time grid measurement in the proposed algorithm allows handling the impacts of loads and generators behind the meter without having their detailed information. The developed method is being effectively used in a real low voltage distribution grid in Switzerland.
Modular intersection cohomology complexes on flag varieties
Creators: name: Williamson, Geordie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10

description: We present a combinatorial procedure (based on the W-graph of the Coxeter group) which shows that the characters of many intersection cohomology complexes on low rank complex flag varieties with coefficients in an arbitrary field are given by Kazhdan-Lusztig basis elements. Our procedure exploits the existence and uniqueness of parity sheaves. In particular we are able to show that the characters of all intersection cohomology complexes with coefficients in a field on the flag variety of type A_n for n < 7 are given by Kazhdan-Lusztig basis elements. By results of Soergel, this implies a part of Lusztig's conjecture for SL(n) with n \le 7. We also give examples where our techniques fail. In the appendix by Tom Braden examples are given of intersection cohomology complexes on the flag varities for SL(8) and SO(8) which have torsion in their stalks or costalks.
description: 38 pages. v2: added an appendix by Tom Braden, fixed minor errors and typos. v3: changed title, many minor changes, added material at the end of Section 3, Section 4 rewritten. Fixed two typos in 5.2. Published in Math. Z
Reflected light from 3D exoplanetary atmospheres and simulation of HD 209458b
Creators: name: Hood, Ben
name: Wood, Kenneth
name: Seager, Sara
name: Cameron, Andrew Collier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radiation transfer models that demonstrate that reflected light levels from three dimensional (3D) exoplanetary atmospheres can be more than 50% lower than those predicted by models of homogeneous or smooth atmospheres. Compared to smooth models, 3D atmospheres enable starlight to penetrate to larger depths resulting in a decreased probability for the photons to scatter back out of the atmosphere before being absorbed. The increased depth of penetration of starlight in a 3D medium is a well known result from theoretical studies of molecular clouds and planetary atmospheres. For the first time we study the reflectivity of 3D atmospheres as a possible explanation for the apparent low geometric albedos inferred for extrasolar planetary atmospheres. Our models indicate that 3D atmospheric structure may be an important contributing factor to the non-detections of scattered light from exoplanetary atmospheres. We investigate the self-shadowing radiation transfer effects of patchy cloud cover in 3D scattered light simulations of the atmosphere of HD209458b. We find that, for a generic planet, geometric albedos can be as high as 0.45 in some limited situations, but that in general the geometric albedo is much lower. We conclude with some explanations on why extrasolar planets are likely dark at optical wavelengths.
description: Accepted to MNRAS