cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Suicidal ideation among Chinese cancer inpatients of general hospitals: prevalence and correlates
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: cancer
inpatient
suicidal ideation
prevalence
correlate

description: Cancer patients are at high risk for suicide, particularly when they are informed about the cancer diagnosis or hospitalized for cancer treatment. Therefore, oncology healthcare settings such as large general hospitals in China, may represent an ideal setting to identify and treat suicidality in cancer patients. However, the clinical epidemiology of suicidality of Chinese cancer patients remains largely unknown. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among Chinese cancer inpatients of large general hospitals. A total of 517 cancer inpatients were consecutively recruited from two tertiary general hospitals of a metropolitan city in northern China, and administered with standardized questionnaires to collect data on sociodemographics, mental health, and cancer-related clinical characteristics. Suicidal ideation and mental health were measured with a single self-report question "In the past month, did you think about ending your life?" and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, respectively. The one-month prevalence of suicidal ideation was 15.3% in Chinese cancer inpatients. In multivariable Logistic regression, depression, anxiety, moderate-to-severe pain, metastatic cancer, poor performance status, surgery, and palliative care were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Cancer inpatients of large Chinese general hospitals have high prevalence of suicidal ideation and therefore potentially at high risk for suicide. Suicide prevention efforts for cancer inpatients should include periodic evaluation of suicidality, effective pain management, psychooncological supports, and, when necessary, psychiatric treatment and crisis intervention.
CMOS-Compatible Silicon Photonic Sensor for Refractive Index Sensing Using Local Back-Side Release
Creators: name: Steglich, Patrick
name: Bondarenko, Siegfried
name: Mai, Christian
name: Paul, Martin
name: Weller, Michael G.
name: Mai, Andreas
Publisher: name: New York, NY : IEEE
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: integrated photonics
subject: photonic biosensor
subject: refractive index sensing
subject: Silicon photonic sensor
subject: silicon photonics
subject: 620

description: Silicon photonic sensors are promising candidates for lab-on-a-chip solutions with versatile applications and scalable production prospects using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication methods. However, the widespread use has been hindered because the sensing area adjoins optical and electrical components making packaging and sensor handling challenging. In this work, a local back-side release of the photonic sensor is employed, enabling a separation of the sensing area from the rest of the chip. This approach allows preserving the compatibility of photonic integrated circuits in the front-end of line and metal interconnects in the back-end of line. The sensor is based on a micro-ring resonator and is fabricated on wafer-level using a CMOS technology. We revealed a ring resonator sensitivity for homogeneous sensing of 106 nm/RIU. © 1989-2012 IEEE.
One dimensional description of the gravitational perturbation in a Kerr background
Creators: name: Núñez, Darío
name: Degollado, Juan Carlos
name: Palenzuela, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbation equation in a Kerr background is written as a coupled system of one dimensional equations for the different modes in the time domain. Numerical simulations show that the dominant mode in the gravitational response is the one corresponding to the mode of the initial perturbation, allowing us to conjecture that the coupling among the modes has a weak influence in our system of equations. We conclude that by neglecting the coupling terms it can be obtained a one dimensional harmonic equation which indeed describes with good accuracy the gravitational response from the Kerr black hole with low spin, while only few couplings are necessary to describe a high spin one. This result may help to understand the structure of test fields in a Kerr background and even to generate accurate waveforms for various cases in an efficient manner.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
FORRT Glossary
Creators: name: , FORRT
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Glossary
Pedagogy
Open Scholarship
Open Science

description: In the last decade, the Open Science movement has introduced and modified many research practices. The breadth of these initiatives can be overwhelming, and digestible introductions to these topics are valuable (e.g. Crüwell et al. 2019; Kathawalla, Silverstein, & Syed, 2020). Creating a shared understanding of the purposes of these initiatives facilitates discussions of the strengths and weaknesses of each practice, ultimately helping us work towards a research utopia (Nosek & Bar-Anan, 2012). Accompanying this cultural shift towards increased transparency and rigor has been a wealth of terminology within the zeitgeist of research practice and culture. For those unfamiliar, the new nomenclature can be a barrier to following and joining the discussions; for those familiar, potentially vague, or competing definitions can cause confusion and misunderstandings. For example, even the “classic” 2015 paper “Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science” (Open Science Collaboration, 2015) can be argued to assess the replicability of research findings. In order to reduce barriers to entry and understanding, we present a Glossary of terms relating to open scholarship. We aim that the glossary will help clarify terminologies, including where terms are used differently/interchangeably or where terms are less known in some fields or among students. We also hope that this glossary will be a welcome resource for those new to these concepts and that it helps grow their confidence in navigating discussions of open scholarship. We also hope that this glossary aids in mentoring and teaching and allows newcomers and experts to communicate efficiently. The list of terms we have drafted and reviewed can be found on the left if you are viewing this page on a computer screen or bigger, otherwise, they can be found at the bottom of the page. If you hover a word, you will be able to read the full description of the term. To know more about a term, including references, simply click on it and it will bring you to the term page.
description: The most updated version of the Glossary can be found at https://forrt.org/glossary
Three-dimensional spatiotemporal tracking of nano-objects diffusing in water-filled optofluidic microstructured fiber
Creators: name: Jiang, Shiqi
name: Förster, Ronny
name: Plidschun, Malte
name: Kobelke, Jens
name: Ando, Ron Fatobene
name: Schmidt, Markus A.
Publisher: name: Berlin : de Gruyter
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 3D tracking of single nanoparticle
subject: biosensing
subject: confined diffusion
subject: elastic light scattering
subject: nanofluidics
subject: resistance coefficient
subject: 530

description: Three-dimensional (3D) tracking of nano-objects represents a novel pathway for understanding dynamic nanoscale processes within bioanalytics and life science. Here we demonstrate 3D tracking of diffusing 100 nm gold nanosphere within a water-filled optofluidic fiber via elastic light scattering-based position retrieval. Specifically, the correlation between intensity and position inside a region of a fiber-integrated microchannel has been used to decode the axial position from the scattered intensity, while image processing-based tracking was used in the image plane. The 3D trajectory of a diffusing gold nanosphere has been experimentally determined, while the determined diameter analysis matches expectations. Beside key advantages such as homogenous light-line illumination, low-background scattering, long observation time, large number of frames, high temporal and spatial resolution and compatibility with standard microscope, the particular properties of operating with water defines a new bioanalytical platform that is highly relevant for medical and life science applications. © 2020 Shiqi Jiang et al., published by De Gruyter. 2020.
Duality in semi-inclusive pion electroproduction
Creators: name: Close, F. E.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore quark-hadron duality in semi-inclusive pion electroproduction on proton and neutron targets. Using the spin-flavor symmetric quark model, we compute ratios of pi+ and pi- cross sections for both unpolarized and polarized scattering, and discuss realizations of duality in several symmetry breaking scenarios. The model calculations allow one to understand some of the key features of recent data on semi-inclusive pion production at low energies.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure, 7 tables, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Rehabilitation of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation for layered materials
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci

description: © 2017 American Physical Society. The structural and energetic properties of layered materials present a challenge to density functional theory with common semilocal approximations to the exchange-correlation energy. By combining the most widely used semilocal generalized gradient approximation (GGA), the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) one, with the revised Vydrov-van Voorhis nonlocal correlation functional (rVV10), both excellent structural and energetic properties of 28 layered materials have been recovered with a judicious parameter selection. We term the resulting functional PBE+rVV10L, with the "L" indicating that it is for layered materials. Such a combination is not new, and only involves refitting a single global parameter. However, the resulting excellent accuracy suggests such a dispersion-corrected PBE for many aspects of theoretical studies on layered materials. For comparison, we also present the results for PBE+rVV10 where the parameter is determined by 22 interaction energies between molecules.
PreMeta: a tool to facilitate meta-analysis of rare-variant associations
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: MASS
MetaSKAT
RAREMETAL
seqMeta
Summary statistics
Gene-based association tests

description: BACKGROUND: Meta-analysis is essential to the discovery of rare variants that influence complex diseases and traits. Four major software packages, namely MASS, MetaSKAT, RAREMETAL, and seqMeta, have been developed to perform meta-analysis of rare-variant associations. These packages first generate summary statistics for each study and then perform the meta-analysis by combining the summary statistics. Because of incompatible file formats and non-equivalent summary statistics, the output files from the study-level analysis of one package cannot be directly used to perform meta-analysis in another package. RESULTS: We developed a computationally efficient software program, PreMeta, to resolve the non-compatibility of the four software packages and to facilitate meta-analysis of large-scale sequencing studies in a consortium setting. PreMeta reformats the output files of study-level summary statistics generated by the four packages (text files produced by MASS and RAREMETAL, binary files produced by MetaSKAT, and R data files produced by seqMeta) and translates the summary statistics from one form to another, such that the summary statistics from any package can be used to perform meta-analysis in any other package. With this tool, consortium members are not required to use the same software for study-level analyses. In addition, PreMeta checks for allele mismatches, corrects summary statistics, and allows the rescaled inverse normal transformation to be performed at the meta-analysis stage by rescaling summary statistics. CONCLUSIONS: PreMeta processes summary statistics from the four packages to make them compatible and avoids the need to redo study-level analyses. PreMeta documentation and executable are available at: http://dlin.web.unc.edu/software/premeta .
Exciton spin-flip rate in quantum dots determined by a modified local density of optical states
Creators: name: Johansen, Jeppe
name: Julsgaard, Brian
name: Stobbe, Søren
name: Hvam, Jørn M.
name: Lodahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-flip rate that couples dark and bright excitons in self-assembled quantum dots is obtained from time-resolved spontaneous emission measurements in a modified local density of optical states. Employing this technique, we can separate effects due to non-radiative recombination and unambiguously record the spin-flip rate. The dependence of the spin-flip rate on emission energy is compared in detail to a recent model from the literature, where the spin flip is due to the combined action of short-range exchange interaction and acoustic phonons. We furthermore observe a surprising enhancement of the spin-flip rate close to a semiconductor-air interface, which illustrates the important role of interfaces for quantum dot based nanophotonic structures. Our work is an important step towards a full understanding of the complex dynamics of quantum dots in nanophotonic structures, such as photonic crystals, and dark excitons are potentially useful for long-lived coherent storage applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: A Case of Chronic Foot Pain with a Rare Diagnosis of Synostosis of Second and Third Metatarsals
Creators: name: Dutt, Sherry
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Anatomy
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: CT
subject: PACS
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: We describe a case of a 63-year old lady with a history of chronic forefoot pain since the age of 13 years. The patient had her first presentation as a child after sustaining an injury. The pain and swelling persisted for many years, requiring several surgical operations throughout the years.

description: 63 years, female
Auxiliary Linear Problem, Difference Fay Identities and Dispersionless Limit of Pfaff-Toda Hierarchy
Creators: name: Takasaki, Kanehisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the study of Fay-type identities revealed some new features of the DKP hierarchy (also known as "the coupled KP hierarchy" and "the Pfaff lattice"). Those results are now extended to a Toda version of the DKP hierarchy (tentatively called "the Pfaff-Toda hierarchy"). Firstly, an auxiliary linear problem of this hierarchy is constructed. Unlike the case of the DKP hierarchy, building blocks of the auxiliary linear problem are difference operators. A set of evolution equations for dressing operators of the wave functions are also obtained. Secondly, a system of Fay-like identities (difference Fay identities) are derived. They give a generating functional expression of auxiliary linear equations. Thirdly, these difference Fay identities have well defined dispersionless limit (dispersionless Hirota equations). As in the case of the DKP hierarchy, an elliptic curve is hidden in these dispersionless Hirota equations. This curve is a kind of spectral curve, whose defining equation is identified with the characteristic equation of a subset of all auxiliary linear equations. The other auxiliary linear equations are related to quasi-classical deformations of this elliptic spectral curve.
description: 49 pages, no figure, usepackage amsmath,amssymb,amsthm; (v2) several typos are corrected; (v3) published version
Transformational analysis of metaphor
Creators: name: Angel, Leonard Jay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this study it is assumed that we can, roughly speaking, distinguish metaphors from non-metaphors. A representative list of metaphors is examined. It is found that syntactic parsing reveals no marks of metaphor, and that semantic parsing, though more illuminating, cannot help us in the analysis of all cases, due largely to the importance of contexts as well as semantic content. To re-focus our attention on the relationship between metaphors in general, their contexts, and discursive language, the question of whether metaphors are discursively paraphrasable is discussed. It is argued that a simile can always be constructed out of the key terms in a metaphor, and that such constructed similes are paraphrases, though not 'unique' paraphrases of the metaphor. A transformational system is offered in which metaphors are generated from similes. It is suggested that the difficulty of paraphrasing metaphors is due to the difficulties of reversing the direction of the transformation, from simile ⇢ metaphor, to metaphor ⇢ simile. In order to make the transformational system workable, a distinction is made out between similes and other comparisons in terms of the kind of features shared by the terms in the comparison. This distinction not only makes the transformational system workable, but also provides the necessary grounding for specifying the sufficient as well as necessary-conditions of metaphor. It further allows for the introduction of the concept of the "scope" of a metaphor, a concept which is instrumental in accounting for the special function and utility of the device of metaphor.
Biocompatible magnetic fluids of co-doped iron oxide nanoparticles with tunable magnetic properties
Creators: name: Dutz, Silvio
name: Buske, Norbert
name: Landers, Joachim
name: Gräfe, Christine
name: Wende, Heiko
name: Clement, Joachim H.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cobalt ferrite
subject: Coercivity
subject: Ferrimagnetism
subject: Magnetic fluid hyperthermia
subject: Magnetic nanoparticles
subject: Magnetite
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: Magnetite (Fe3O4) particles with a diameter around 10 nm have a very low coercivity (Hc) and relative remnant magnetization (Mr/Ms), which is unfavorable for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. In contrast, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) particles of the same size have a very high Hc and Mr/Ms, which is magnetically too hard to obtain suitable specific heating power (SHP) in hyperthermia. For the optimization of the magnetic properties, the Fe2+ ions of magnetite were substituted by Co2+ step by step, which results in a Co doped iron oxide inverse spinel with an adjustable Fe2+ substitution degree in the full range of pure iron oxide up to pure cobalt ferrite. The obtained magnetic nanoparticles were characterized regarding their structural and magnetic properties as well as their cell toxicity. The pure iron oxide particles showed an average size of 8 nm, which increased up to 12 nm for the cobalt ferrite. For ferrofluids containing the prepared particles, only a limited dependence of Hc and Mr/Ms on the Co content in the particles was found, which confirms a stable dispersion of the particles within the ferrofluid. For dry particles, a strong correlation between the Co content and the resulting Hc and Mr/Ms was detected. For small substitution degrees, only a slight increase in Hc was found for the increasing Co content, whereas for a substitution of more than 10% of the Fe atoms by Co, a strong linear increase in Hc and Mr/Ms was obtained. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed predominantly Fe3+ in all samples, while also verifying an ordered magnetic structure with a low to moderate surface spin canting. Relative spectral areas of Mössbauer subspectra indicated a mainly random distribution of Co2+ ions rather than the more pronounced octahedral site-preference of bulk CoFe2O4. Cell vitality studies confirmed no increased toxicity of the Co-doped iron oxide nanoparticles compared to the pure iron oxide ones. Magnetic heating performance was confirmed to be a function of coercivity as well. The here presented non-toxic magnetic nanoparticle system enables the tuning of the magnetic properties of the particles without a remarkable change in particles size. The found heating performance is suitable for magnetic hyperthermia application. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
eIF3i activity is critical for endothelial cells in tumor induced angiogenesis through regulating VEGFR and ERK translation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: eIF3i
selective translational control
tumor angiogenesis
VEGFR
ERK

description: Translational control is a critical step in the regulation of gene expression. Accumulating evidence shows that translational control of a subgroup of mRNAs tends to be selective. However, our understanding of the function of selective translational control in endothelial cells is still incomplete. We found that a key translational regulator, eIF3i, is highly expressed in endothelial cells during embryonic and tumor angiogenesis. Knockdown of eIF3i restrained cell proliferation and migration in endothelial cells. In zebrafish angiogenesis model, eIF3i mutant endothelial cells could not respond to induction signals from tumor mass. Mechanistically, we showed that eIF3i knockdown reduced VEGFR/ERK signaling by down-regulating VEGFR2 and ERK protein expression. Gene therapy model suggested that the growth and metastasis of cancer cells were suppressed by eIF3i shRNA. Therefore, our work established a selective translational regulatory mechanism during tumor induced angiogenesis and suggested that targeting eIF3i may be applicable for anticancer therapy.
Bottlenecks to vibrational energy flow in OCS: Structures and mechanisms
Creators: name: Paškauskas, R.
name: Chandre, C.
name: Uzer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding the causes for the nonstatistical vibrational energy relaxation in the planar carbonyl sulfide (OCS) molecule is a longstanding problem in chemical physics: Not only is the relaxation incomplete long past the predicted statistical relaxation time, but it also consists of a sequence of abrupt transitions between long-lived regions of localized energy modes. We report on the phase space bottlenecks responsible for this slow and uneven vibrational energy flow in this Hamiltonian system with three degrees of freedom. They belong to a particular class of two-dimensional invariant tori which are organized around elliptic periodic orbits. We relate the trapping and transition mechanisms with the linear stability of these structures.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Facial Expression Recognition at the Edge: CPU vs GPU vs VPU vs TPU
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Mohammadreza
name: Smith, Heath
name: Khan, Lareb
name: Zand, Ramtin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Facial Expression Recognition (FER) plays an important role in human-computer interactions and is used in a wide range of applications. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have shown promise in their ability to classify human facial expressions, however, large CNNs are not well-suited to be implemented on resource- and energy-constrained IoT devices. In this work, we present a hierarchical framework for developing and optimizing hardware-aware CNNs tuned for deployment at the edge. We perform a comprehensive analysis across various edge AI accelerators including NVIDIA Jetson Nano, Intel Neural Compute Stick, and Coral TPU. Using the proposed strategy, we achieved a peak accuracy of 99.49% when testing on the CK+ facial expression recognition dataset. Additionally, we achieved a minimum inference latency of 0.39 milliseconds and a minimum power consumption of 0.52 Watts.
Civil war field artillery in the west, 1862-1863
Creators: name: Bishop, Charles Walter Fraser
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Problem: The problem in this thesis was to determine the role of field artillery in the battles of Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesborough and Chickamauga in the western theatre of the American Civil War — between April 6, 1862, and September 21, 1863. Little has been written about the role of artillery in any theatre of the war, and nothing about its significance in the west. Method: To develop a basis of information, it was necessary to become acquainted with the literature used by Civil War artillerists. By studying the two artillery text-books in use during the period, a theoretical model of the role of the guns could be constructed. This basis was reinforced by the reading of secondary material on the employment of artillery in other areas of the war, as well as general studies of the four battles on which this thesis is based. Having become conversant with both artillery theory and the general background of the campaign, it was then possible to design the research methods necessary to deal with basic primary sources. The reports printed in the Official Record form the core of the research done for this thesis. They contain two types of information, reports and correspondence, and statistical data. The statistical data provided a method of analysis of the organization and equipment of the field artillery units. A separate data sheet was set up for each battery in each of the four battles, and all information about the battery which was suited to statistical analysis were entered. The content of the sheets varied because the same data were not available for all units. This created problems in collating the information. In the end, the material was reduced to statistics which included the numbers of men, numbers of horses, types of weapons, numbers of casualties, ammunition used, and the parent formation to which the battery had been assigned. The mass of statistical data was then checked against the written reports published in the Official Record and other sources. Much of the material relevant to the study of artillery is not available in the former, however, so certain assumptions made in the thesis may be wrongly weighted. Nonetheless, the role of the guns has been reconstructed with some success. Conclusions: The thesis concludes that artillery functioned primarily in support of infantry. In attacks, the guns rarely influenced the outcome of the battles studied. When used to support a defence, field artillery could often lend valuable assistance. In at least one case, the guns played an important part in stopping a major Confederate attack. Between April 6, 1862,and September 21, 1863, both the Union and Confederate armies increased the numbers of their field artillery, an indication that, although they were not decisive in the battles studied, the armies must have considered the guns to be of value.
title: Super-strong materials for temperatures exceeding 2000 °C
Creators: name: Silvestroni, Laura
name: Kleebe, Hans‐Joachim
name: Fahrenholtz, William G.
name: Watts, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description: Ceramics based on group IV-V transition metal borides and carbides possess melting points above 3000 °C, are ablation resistant and are, therefore, candidates for the design of components of next generation space vehicles, rocket nozzle inserts, and nose cones or leading edges for hypersonic aerospace vehicles. As such, they will have to bear high thermo-mechanical loads, which makes strength at high temperature of great importance. While testing of these materials above 2000 °C is necessary to prove their capabilities at anticipated operating temperatures, literature reports are quite limited. Reported strength values for zirconium diboride (ZrB₂) ceramics can exceed 1 GPa at room temperature, but these values rapidly decrease, with all previously reported strengths being less than 340 MPa at 1500 °C or above. Here, we show how the strength of ZrB₂ ceramics can be increased to more than 800 MPa at temperatures in the range of 1500–2100 °C. These exceptional strengths are due to a core-shell microstructure, which leads to in-situ toughening and sub-grain refinement at elevated temperatures. Our findings promise to open a new avenue to designing materials that are super-strong at ultra-high temperatures.
A Pilot Search for Population III Supernova Candidates in the Spitzer/IRAC Dark Field
Creators: name: Frost, Mark I
name: Surace, Jason
name: Moustakas, Leonidas A
name: Krick, Jessica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have undertaken a systematic search for candidate supernovae from high-redshift Population III stars in a field that has been observed with repeated imaging on a cadence of 2-3 weeks over a 2.2 year baseline, the Spitzer/IRAC Dark Field. The individual epochs reach a typical 5-sigma depth of 1 uJy in IRAC Channel 1 (3.6 um). Requiring a minimum of four epochs coverage, the total effective area searched is 214 sq arcminutes. The unprecedented depth and multi-epochal nature of these data make it ideal for a first foray to detect transient objects which may be candidate luminous Pair Instability Supernovae from the primordial-metallicity first stars. The search was conducted over a broad range of timescales, allowing for different durations of the putative candidates' light curve plateau phases. All candidates were vetted by inspection of the Spitzer imaging data, as well as deep HST/ACS F814W imaging available over the full field. While many resolved-source objects were found with Spitzer variability, no transient objects could plausibly be identified as high-redshift supernovae candidates. The resulting 95% confidence level upper limit is 23/sq deg/yr, for sources with plateau timescales under 400/(1+z) days and brightnesses above ~1 uJy.
description: ApJL, in press
Quantum Gravitational Collapse in the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi Model with a Positive Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Franzen, Anne
name: Gutti, Sashideep
name: Kiefer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous papers dealt with the quantization of the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) model for vanishing cosmological constant $Λ$. Here we extend the analysis to the case $Λ>0$. Our main goal is to present solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, to give their interpretation, and to derive Hawking radiation from them. We restrict ourselves to a discussion of those points that are different from the $Λ=0$-case. These have mainly to do with the occurrence of two horizons.
description: 17 pages, published version
Amalgam anosov representations
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: math.GT
math.DS
math.GR

description: © 2017, Mathematical Sciences Publishers. All rights reserved. Let Γ be a one-ended, torsion-free hyperbolic group and let G be a semisimple Lie group with finite center. Using the canonical JSJ splitting due to Sela, we define amalgam Anosov representations of Γ into G and prove that they form a domain of discontinuity for the action of Out(Γ). In the appendix, we prove, using projective Anosov Schottky groups, that if the restriction of the representation to every Fuchsian or rigid vertex group of the JSJ splitting of Γ is Anosov, with respect to a fixed pair of opposite parabolic subgroups, then ρ is amalgam Anosov.
Frequent mild head injury promotes trigeminal sensitivity concomitant with microglial proliferation, astrocytosis, and increased neuropeptide levels in the trigeminal pain system
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Post-traumatic headache
Migraine
Concussion
Traumatic brain injury
Trigeminal
Microglia
Astrocytosis
Calcitonin gene-related peptide

description: © 2017, The Author(s). Background: Frequent mild head injuries or concussion along with the presence of headache may contribute to the persistence of concussion symptoms. Methods: In this study, the acute effects of recovery between mild head injuries and the frequency of injuries on a headache behavior, trigeminal allodynia, was assessed using von Frey testing up to one week after injury, while histopathological changes in the trigeminal pain pathway were evaluated using western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Results: A decreased recovery time combined with an increased mild closed head injury (CHI) frequency results in reduced trigeminal allodynia thresholds compared to controls. The repetitive CHI group with the highest injury frequency showed the greatest reduction in trigeminal thresholds along with greatest increased levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Repetitive CHI resulted in astrogliosis in the central trigeminal system, increased GFAP protein levels in the sensory barrel cortex, and an increased number of microglia cells in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Conclusions: Headache behavior in rats is dependent on the injury frequency and recovery interval between mild head injuries. A worsening of headache behavior after repetitive mild head injuries was concomitant with increases in CGRP levels, the presence of astrocytosis, and microglia proliferation in the central trigeminal pathway. Signaling between neurons and proliferating microglia in the trigeminal pain system may contribute to the initiation of acute headache after concussion or other traumatic brain injuries.
Development and validation of an instrument to measure collaborative goal setting in the care of patients with diabetes
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Goal-Setting
Type 2 Diabetes

description: © 2017, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Objective: Despite known benefits of patient-perceived collaborative goal setting, we have a limited ability to monitor this process in practice. We developed the Patient Measure of Collaborative Goal Setting (PM-CGS) to evaluate the use of collaborative goal setting from the patient’s perspective. Research design and methods: A random sample of 400 patients aged 40 years or older, receiving diabetes care from the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System between 8/2012 and 8/2013, were mailed a survey containing potential PM-CGS items (n=44) as well as measures of patient demographics, perceived self-management competence, trust in their physician, and self management behaviors. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate construct validity. External validity was evaluated via a structural equation model (SEM) that tested the association of the PM-CGS with self-management behaviors. The direct and two mediated (via trust and self-efficacy) pathways were tested. Results: A total of 259 patients responded to the survey (64% response rate), of which 192 were eligible for inclusion. Results from the factor analysis supported a 37-item measure of patient-perceived CGS spanning five domains: listen and learn; share ideas; caring relationship; measurable objective; and goal achievement support (χ=4366.13, p<0.001; RMSEA=0.08). Results from the SEM supported the external validity of the PM-CGS. The relationship between CGS and self-management was partially mediated by perceived competence (p<0.05). The direct effect between the PM-CGS and self management was significant (p<0.001). Conclusions: CGS can be validly measured by the 37-item PM-CGS. Use of the PM-CGS can help illustrate actionable deficits in goal-setting discussions. Patient reports of collaborative goal setting have been linked to increased self-management and trust in the physician. This study produced a valid measure of collaborative goal setting. This measure can help highlight actionable deficits in goal-setting discussions.
Generalised Verma modules for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra osp(k|2)
Creators: name: Su, Yucai
name: Zhang, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B37, 20G42, 17B10

description: The composition factors and their multiplicities are determined for generalised Verma modules over the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra osp(k|2). The results enable us to obtain explicit formulae for the formal characters and dimensions of the finite-dimensional irreducible modules. Applying these results, we also compute the first and second cohomology groups of the Lie superalgebra with coefficients in finite-dimensional Kac modules and irreducible modules.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages, update reference (adding one reference)
Marine vessel wave wake: Focus on vessel operations within sheltered waterways
Creators: name: MacFarlane, GJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis reports on an investigation into the characteristics of the wave wake generated by vessels that typically operate within sheltered waterways. It is well known that these waves can result in issues for other users of the waterway and the surrounding environment. These issues include erosion of the surrounding banks, damage or nuisance to moored vessels and other maritime structures and endanger people working or enjoying activities in small craft or close to the shore. A review of the wave patterns generated at sub-critical, trans-critical and super-critical depth Froude numbers has been conducted, with an emphasis on those craft that commonly utilise sheltered waterways, namely small commercial vessels and recreational craft. Particular attention was given to planing and wakeboarding vessels, given the large and increasing number of these craft. One of the major issues often confronted is that of bank erosion and a study was conducted to determine which measures of erosion potential are the most descriptive in these circumstances. Over recent decades it has been common to quantify a vessel's wave wake using the characteristics of just a single wave within the entire wave train, usually the highest. However, in this study it has been shown that this is generally inadequate when considering craft operating at trans-critical or super-critical speeds. Three significant waves of interest were described and quantified in this study. A comprehensive set of model scale experiments was conducted to investigate the effect that water depth, hull form and vessel speed has on the waves generated by nineteen different hull forms, including a mixture of typical monohulls and catamarans. Four primary measures were quantified for each of the three key waves, including wave height, wave period, decay rate and wave angle. The results from the experiments were used to develop an empirical tool to provide wave wake predictions and to investigate the effect that water depth, hull form and vessel speed has on each of the four primary wave measures. Predictions from the tool were validated against measured data from several independent full scale trials. A wave wake regulatory criterion, suitable for the operation of typical recreational craft and small commercial vessels operating in sheltered waterways, was proposed and incorporated within the prediction tool.
Analysis of a mechanistic Markov model for gene duplicates evolving under subfunctionalization
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC)
Phase-type distribution
Subfunctionalization
Nonfunctionalization
Pseudogenization
Neofunctionalization
Gene duplication

description: © 2017 The Author(s). Background: Gene duplication has been identified as a key process driving functional change in many genomes. Several biological models exist for the evolution of a pair of duplicates after a duplication event, and it is believed that gene duplicates can evolve in different ways, according to one process, or a mix of processes. Subfunctionalization is one such process, under which the two duplicates can be preserved by dividing up the function of the original gene between them. Analysis of genomic data using subfunctionalization and related processes has thus far been relatively coarse-grained, with mathematical treatments usually focusing on the phenomenological features of gene duplicate evolution. Results: Here, we develop and analyze a mathematical model using the mechanics of subfunctionalization and the assumption of Poisson rates of mutation. By making use of the results from the literature on the Phase-Type distribution, we are able to derive exact analytical results for the model. The main advantage of the mechanistic model is that it leads to testable predictions of the phenomenological behavior (instead of building this behavior into the model a priori), and allows for the estimation of biologically meaningful parameters. We fit the survival function implied by this model to real genome data (Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus and Canis familiaris), and compare the fit against commonly used phenomenological survival functions. We estimate the number of regulatory regions, and rates of mutation (relative to silent site mutation) in the coding and regulatory regions. We find that for the four genomes tested the subfunctionalization model predicts that duplicates most-likely have just a few regulatory regions, and the rate of mutation in the coding region is around 5-10 times greater than the rate in the regulatory regions. This is the first model-based estimate of the number of regulatory regions in duplicates. Conclusions: Strong agreement between empirical results and the predictions of our model suggest that subfunctionalization provides a consistent explanation for the evolution of many gene duplicates.
On the way towards a generalized entropy maximization procedure
Creators: name: Bagci, G. Baris
name: Tirnakli, Ugur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalized entropy maximization procedure, which takes into account the generalized averaging procedures and information gain definitions underlying the generalized entropies. This novel generalized procedure is then applied to Renyi and Tsallis entropies. The generalized entropy maximization procedure for Renyi entropies results in the exponential stationary distribution asymptotically for q is between [0,1] in contrast to the stationary distribution of the inverse power law obtained through the ordinary entropy maximization procedure. Another result of the generalized entropy maximization procedure is that one can naturally obtain all the possible stationary distributions associated with the Tsallis entropies by employing either ordinary or q-generalized Fourier transforms in the averaging procedure.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Thermodynamics of mixtures with strongly negative deviations from Raoult's law. XVI. Permittivities and refractive indices for 1-alkanol + di-n-propylamine systems at (293.15-303.15) K. Application of the Kirkwood-Fröhlich model
Creators: name: Hevia, Fernando
name: Cobos, Ana
name: González, Juan Antonio
name: de la Fuente, Isaías García
name: Sanz, Luis Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative permittivities at 1 MHz, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}$, and refractive indices at the sodium D-line, $n_{\text{D}}$, are reported at 0.1 MPa and at (293.15-303.15) K for the binary systems 1-alkanol + di-n-propylamine (DPA). Their corresponding excess functions are calculated and correlated. For the methanol mixture, positive values of the excess permittivities, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$, are found. Except at high concentrations of the alcohol in the 1-propanol mixture, the remaining systems show negative values of this property. This fact reveals that the creation of (1-alkanol)-DPA interactions contributes positively to $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$, being this contribution dominant in the methanol mixture. At $ϕ_1$ (volume fraction) = 0.5, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$ changes in the sequence: methanol > 1-propanol > 1-butanol > 1-pentanol < 1-heptanol. An analogous variation with the chain length of the 1-alkanol is observed in mixtures such as 1-alkanol + heptane, + cyclohexylamine or + n-hexylamine (HxA). Moreover, for a given 1-alkanol, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$ is larger for DPA than for HxA mixtures, suggesting that in DPA solutions multimers with parallel alignment of the molecular dipoles are favoured and cyclic multimers are disfavoured when compared to HxA mixtures. The ${(\partial{\varepsilon_{\text{r}}}/\partial T)}_p$ values are higher for the mixtures than for pure 1-alkanols, because (1-alkanol)-DPA interactions are stronger than those between 1-alkanol molecules. Molar refractions indicate that dispersive interactions in DPA systems increase with the chain length of the 1-alkanol and are practically identical to those in HxA solutions. The considered mixtures are treated by means of the Kirkwood-Fröhlich model, reporting the Kirkwood correlation factors and their excess values.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2409.11801
A new detailed examination of white dwarfs in NGC3532 and NGC2287
Creators: name: Dobbie, P. D.
name: Napiwotzki, R.
name: Burleigh, M. R.
name: Williams, K.
name: Sharp, R. G.
name: Barstow, M. A.
name: Casewell, S. L.
name: Hubeny, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a photometric and spectroscopic study of the white dwarf candidate members of the intermediate age open clusters NGC3532 and NGC2287. Of the nine objects investigated, it is determined that six are probable members of the clusters, four in NGC3532 and two in NGC2287. For these six white dwarfs we use our estimates of their cooling times together with the cluster ages to constrain the lifetimes and masses of their progenitor stars. We examine the location of these objects in initial mass-final mass space and find that they now provide no evidence for substantial scatter in initial mass-final mass relation as suggested by previous investigations. Instead, we demonstrate that, when combined with current data from other solar metalicity open clusters and the Sirius binary system, they hint at an IFMR that is steeper in the initial mass range 3M$_{\odot}$$\simless$M$_{\rm init}$$\simless$4M$_{\odot}$ than at progenitor masses immediately lower and higher than this. This form is generally consistent with the predictions of stellar evolutionary models and can aid population synthesis models in reproducing the relatively sharp drop observed at the high mass end of the main peak in the mass distribution of white dwarfs.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Separability criteria and entanglement witnesses for symmetric quantum states
Creators: name: Toth, Geza
name: Gühne, Otfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the separability of symmetric bipartite quantum states and show that a single correlation measurement is sufficient to detect the entanglement of any bipartite symmetric state with a non-positive partial transpose. We also discuss entanglement conditions and entanglement witnesses for states with a positive partial transpose.
description: 5 pages, no figures, LaTeX; v2: typos corrected, introduction extended; v3: small corrections, published version; for the proceedings of the DPG spring meeting, Hamburg, March 2009