Pholcus gimsatgat Lee & Lee & Choi & Park & Baek & Kim 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lee, Jun-Gi
name: Lee, Jun-Ho
name: Choi, Doo-Yeong
name: Park, Sun-Jae
name: Baek, Min-Jeong
name: Kim, Sam-Kyu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus gimsatgat

description: Pholcus gimsatgat Lee & Lee, sp. nov.
Figs 1K–L, 2K–L, 8, 15I–M, 18
Type material. Holotype: ♂, SOUTH KOREA: Chungcheongbuk-do: Danyang-gun, Yeongchun-myeon, Euipung-ri, near Gimsatgat Stream (37˚03'59"N, 128˚35'14"E, 621 m), 22 Jul. 2017, Doo-Yeong Choi leg. (NIBR). Paratypes: 4♀♀, same data as holotype (KNU-Ar 20230066–69); 2♂♂, same data as holotype (KNU-Ar 20230070– 71); 12♂♂ 6♀♀, same data as holotype (KNU-kise 804).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Gimsatgat Stream. Noun in apposition.
Diagnosis. Males similar to Pholcus ungyo Lee & Lee, sp. nov., having linear margin of prolateral process of procursus distally with thin projection (Fig. 8D) and backwardly curved pseudoappendix (Fig. 8F), but can be distinguished by: 1) procursus ventromedially slightly swollen, with wide ventral knee (Fig. 8B) (ventromedially linear, with acute ventral knee in P. ungyo sp. nov., see Fig. 6B); 2) prolateral process of procursus with distal margin slightly sinuated (Fig. 8D) (round in P. ungyo sp. nov., see Fig. 6D); 3) uncus lingulate (Fig. 8F) (ovoid in P. ungyo sp. nov., see Fig. 6F); 4) pseudoappendix slightly shorter than uncus (Fig. 8F) (longer than uncus in P. ungyo sp. nov., see Fig. 6F). Females similar to P. ungyo sp. nov. and Pholcus hwangjeong Lee & Lee, sp. nov. (for differences see diagnosis of P. ungyo sp. nov. above).
Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1K. Total length 5.9. Prosoma 1.7 long, 1.7 wide. Carapace round, pale yellow, with dark brown radial marks and marginal band on thoracic area. Eye area slightly elevated, posteriorly with dark brown marks laterally and medially. Diameter of AME 110 µm, ALE 157 µm, PME 148 µm, PLE 152 µm. AME–AME 42 µm, PME–PME 216 µm, PME–ALE 43 µm. Clypeus with large brown mark, without process. Chelicera (Fig. 2K–L) with blunt conical proximo-lateral apophysis with small hump proximoentally, thick and ventrally curved frontal apophysis larger than proximo-lateral apophysis, and ventrally curved, notched triangular distal apophysis longer than proximo-lateral apophysis. Sternum longer than wide, shield-like, pale yellow with brown marks laterally and posteriorly. Opisthosoma 4.0 long, 1.7 wide, cylindrical, pale yellow, without cuticular patterns, with cardiac pattern and many black granular spots dorsally and laterally. Leg femora and tibiae yellowish brown with two whitish and two dark brown bands distally, two dark brown bands proximally; patellae, metatarsi, tarsi dark brown, without bands; leg Ⅰ femur distinctly darker. Leg Ⅰ 51.2 (12.8 + 0.9 + 13.1 + 22.0 + 2.4), leg II 34.5 (9.4 + 0.8 + 8.7 + 13.9 + 1.6), leg III 23.2 (6.8 + 0.7 + 5.7 + 8.8 + 1.2), leg IV 30.4 (8.7 + 0.7 + 7.7 + 11.9 + 1.4). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (15.1: 1.0: 15.4: 25.8: 2.9), leg II (11.9: 1.0: 11.1: 17.6: 2.1), leg III (9.1: 1.0: 7.7: 11.9: 1.6), leg IV (12.1: 1.0: 10.6: 16.6: 1.9). Leg formula 1243. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 87. Tibiae, metatarsi, tarsi with short vertical setae, tibiae and metatarsi Ⅰ, II with long curved hairs. Tibiae with three trichobothria, except tibia Ⅰ (prolaterally absent). Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia Ⅰ at 4% proximally. Tarsus I with 25 pseudosegments, mostly irregular. Palp (Fig. 8A–G). Trochanter apophysis (Fig. 8B) tiny, about 0.2 times as long as femur, straight, blunt, proximo-retrolaterally with round tubercle larger than apophysis; femur ventrally swollen; tibia with prolatero-ventral tubercle; procursus (Fig. 8B–E) brown, strongly sinuated dorsally, with large ventral knee; both dorso-subdistally and ventro-subdistally slightly swollen, dorso-subdistally with single short spines near retrolateral ridges (Fig. 8C–D); procursus tip (Fig. 8C–E) with single large ridge and several indistinct ridges retrolaterally (Fig. 8E), prolateral process broad and membranous, retrolateral edge strongly sclerotized and extended roundly (arrowed 1 in Fig. 8D), medially semi-transparent, distal margin slightly sinuated and denticulate (arrowed 2 in Fig. 8D), prolateral margin linear, strongly sclerotized with thin mark close to proximal procursus, distally with slender projection with dentate tip (arrowed 3 in Fig. 8C–D), and membranous ventral process (arrowed 4 in Fig. 8D); genital bulb oval, pale yellow; uncus (Fig. 8F) about 0.3 times as long as genital bulb, dark brown, lingulate, outer distal margin extended with numerous tiny scales; pseudoappendix (Fig. 8F–G) brown, thin, perpendicularly curved and crossing over embolus in lateral view, distally pointed; embolus (Fig. 8G) slender, distally fringed, weakly sclerotized, about twice as long as uncus.
Female (one of paratypes, KNU-Ar 20230066). Habitus as in Fig. 1L. Somatic characteristics generally similar to male, but cheliceral apophyses absent, legs slightly shorter. Total length 4.8. Prosoma 1.5 long, 1.5 wide. Diameter of AME 97 µm, ALE 155 µm, PME 152 µm, PLE 156 µm. AME–AME 47 µm, PME–PME 176 µm, PME–ALE 44 µm. Opisthosoma 3.2 long, 1.7 wide. Leg Ⅰ 30.8 (8.0 + 0.6 + 8.0 + 13.3 + 1.0), leg II 22.5 (6.1 + 0.6 + 5.6 + 8.7 + 1.4), leg III 16.4 (4.7 + 0.6 + 4.0 + 6.1 + 1.1), leg IV 22.2 (6.4 + 0.6 + 5.5 + 8.4 + 1.3). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (13.5: 1.0: 13.5: 22.6: 1.6), leg II (9.5: 1.0: 8.7: 13.7: 2.3), leg III (8.0: 1.0: 6.7: 10.3: 1.8), leg IV (10.2: 1.0: 8.8: 13.6: 2.1). Leg formula 1243. Tibia I L/d 57. Epigyne (Fig. 8H). Anterior plate rhomboid, anteriorly with yellowish brown wide rhomboid mark, posteromedial margin strongly extended to posteromedial edge of posterior plate; posterior plate ivory, laterally about half as long as anterior plate, posterior edge very slightly extended, with pair of yellowish brown sclerotized areas on anterolateral margin; epigynal knob dark brown, thick, blunt, as long as posterior plate; posterior sclerotized cuticle brown, strongly procurved, half as long as posterior plate; interspace between posterior plate and posterior sclerotized cuticle yellowish brown except near epigynal knob, slightly longer than posterior plate. Internal genitalia (Fig. 8I). Anterior arch slightly sinuate, medially strongly sclerotized; anterolateral portion slightly extended laterally; genital valve slightly curved roundly; lateral portion strongly concave; pore plates ovoid, close together anteriorly and wide apart posteriorly.
Variation. Males. Prosoma width: 1.5–1.7 (mean 1.6), tibia Ⅰ: 9.3–13.1 (mean 11.4) (n=10).
The palpal shapes were largely consistent (Fig. 15I).
Females. Prosoma width: 1.5–1.7 (mean 1.6), tibia Ⅰ: 8.0–9.1 (mean 8.6) (n=10). An intrapopulational variation was observed on the size of pore plates of internal genitalia (Fig. 15L–M). The epigynal shapes were largely consistent, but some have larger sclerotized mark on posteromedial margin of epigynal anterior plate near epigynal knob (Fig. 15J–K).
Habitat information. This species was found on rock walls and crevices under rocks in mountainous regions.
Distribution. Korea (Danyang) (Fig. 18).
description: Published as part of Lee, Jun-Gi, Lee, Jun-Ho, Choi, Doo-Yeong, Park, Sun-Jae, Baek, Min-Jeong & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2024, Nine new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea, pp. 179-212 in Zootaxa 5432 (2) on pages 195-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/10898691