cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black Holes and Galactic Density Cusps : From Black Hole to Bulge
Creators: name: Delliou, Morgan Le
name: Henriksen, Richard N.
name: Macmillan, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. In this paper we continue our study of density cusps that may contain central black holes. Methods. We recall our attempts to use distribution functions with a memory of self-similar relaxation, but mostly they apply only in restricted regions of the global system. We are forced to consider related distribution functions that are steady but not self-similar. Results. One remarkably simple distribution function that has a filled loss cone describes a bulge that transits from a near black hole domain to an outer 'zero flux' regime where$ρ\propto r^{-7/4}$. The transition passes from an initial inverse square profile through a region having a 1/r density profile. The structure is likely to be developed at an early stage in the growth of a galaxy. A central black hole is shown to grow exponentially in this background with an e-folding time of a few million years. Conclusions. We derive our results from first principles, using only the angular momentum integral in spherical symmetry. The initial relaxation probably requires bar instabilities and clump-clump interactions.
description: 6 pp, 2 figs, accepted in A&A
Юкио Мисима как Puer Aeternus
Creators: name: Григорюк Андрей Антонович
Publisher: name: Современные образовательные практики в студенческих исследованиях
Year: 2023
Subjects: puer aeternus
инфантильность
гомосексуализм
юнгианство

description: Богатое наследие Юкио Мисимы, как и его биография продолжают и поныне будоражить умы исследователей. Интерес к нему виден хотя бы в том, что недавно в одном из крупнейших российских издательств «Азбука-аттикус». Вышел перевод его романа «Дом Кёко». Настоящая статья является приложением психологических идей исследовательницы Марии Луизы фон франц, ученицы Карла Густава Юнга, из ее книги «Вечный юноша» к жизни и творчеству писателя Юкио Мисимы. Обычно в литературоведении принято разделять писателя и его альтер эго, но Мисима был одним из тех, в чьем творчестве эта логика нарушается – он творил согласно с концепцией жизнетворчества, которая предполагает стирание границ между жизнью и литературой.
Gravitomagnetism and the Earth-Mercury range
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically work out the impact of the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect on the Earth-Mercury range caused by the gravitomagnetic field of the rotating Sun. The peak-to peak nominal amplitude of the resulting time-varying signal amounts to 1.75 10^1 m over a temporal interval 2 yr. Future interplanetary laser ranging facilities should reach a cm-level in ranging to Mercury over comparable timescales; for example, the BepiColombo mission, to be launched in 2014, should reach a 4.5 - 10 cm level over 1 - 8 yr. We looked also at other Newtonian (solar quadrupole mass moment, ring of the minor asteroids, Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, Trans-Neptunian Objects) and post-Newtonian (gravitoelectric Schwarzschild solar field) dynamical effects on the Earth-Mercury range. They act as sources of systematic errors for the Lense-Thirring signal which, in turn, if not properly modeled, may bias the recovery of some key parameters of such other dynamical features of motion. Their nominal peak-to-peak amplitudes are as large as 4 10^5 m (Schwarzschild), 3 10^2 m (Sun's quadrupole), 8 10^1 m (Ceres, Pallas, Vesta), 4 m (ring of minor asteroids), 8 10^-1 m (Trans-Neptunian Objects). Their temporal patterns are different with respect to that of the gravitomagnetic signal.
description: LaTex2e, 19 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures. Small typo in pag. 1406 of the published version fixed
Isotropic Gamma-Ray Background: Cosmic-Ray Induced Albedo from Debris in the Solar System?
Creators: name: Moskalenko, Igor V.
name: Porter, Troy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the gamma-ray albedo due to cosmic-ray interactions with debris (small rocks, dust, and grains) in the Oort Cloud. We show that under reasonable assumptions a significant proportion of what is called the "extragalactic gamma-ray background" could be produced at the outer frontier of the solar system and may be detectable by the Large Area Telescope, the primary instrument on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. If detected it could provide unique direct information about the total column density of material in the Oort Cloud that is difficult to access by any other method. The same gamma ray production process takes place in other populations of small solar system bodies such as Main Belt asteroids, Jovian and Neptunian Trojans, and Kuiper Belt objects. Their detection can be used to constrain the total mass of debris in these systems.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters
Evaluation of the knowledge, attitudes, and resulting behavior changes in response to COVID-19 among students at the College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Moukhyer, Mohamed
name: Salih Mahfouz, Mohamed
name: M Habibullah, Mahmoud
name: Hussain Abuhadi, Nouf
name: A Khamjan, Nizar
name: M Madkhali, Aymen
name: O Hakamy, Ali
name: A Hamali, Hassan
name: Hoque, Mazharul
name: Lohani, Mohtashim
name: Mukhayer, Aziza
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The emergence of COVID-19 posed a threat to millions of lives worldwide. The pandemic impacts extended to affect people’s psychological well-being, resulting in significant behavioural change. This study was designed to assess the knowledge regarding COVID-19 precautions among the College of Applied Medical Science students at Jazan University and to evaluate the eneral, psychosocial, and behavioral changes due to COVID-19. Methods: This is an observational study targeting 630 undergraduate students randomly selected during January 2020, using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the predictors of three outcome measures: knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores. Results: Knowledge of COVID-19 revealed that the students with correct answers ranged from 48.9 to 95%. Furthermore, significant gender differences are found regarding shortness of breath, fatigue, persistent chest discomfort, headache, and malaise (p < 0.05). Knowledge scores differed significantly across gender and academic level (p < 0.05) and so does attitude scores (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between practice scores according to socio-demographic background (p > 0.05). The linear regression model showed that females had significantly higher knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores (p < 0.05) as well as those within the 21–23 age group and above (p < 0.05). Students residing in urban and semi-urban places had significantly higher scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practice (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results demonstrated moderate knowledge about COVID-19 among study participants, with significant differences between the responses of males and females and among the urban and rural populations. Outcomes suggest the need for interventions to bridge students’ knowledge about COVID-19 and practice gaps. Students were concerned about basic life amenities and the inability to provide for their dear ones regarding behavioral changes.
A multi-transition molecular line study of inward motions towards massive star-forming cores
Creators: name: Sun, Yan
name: Gao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multi-transition 3$ $mm molecular line single-pointing and mapping survey was carried out towards 29 massive star-forming cores in order to search for the signature of inward motions. Up to seven different transitions, optically thick lines HCO$^+$(1-0), CS(2-1), HNC(1-0), HCN(1-0), $^{12}$CO(1-0) and optically thin lines C$^{18}$O(1-0), $^{13}$CO(1-0) were observed towards each source. The normalized velocity differences ($δ$V$_{\rm CS}$, $δ$V$_{\rm HCO^{+}}$) between the peak velocities of optically thick lines and optically thin line C$^{18}$O(1-0) for each source were derived. Prominent inward motions are probably present in either HCO$^+$(1-0) or CS(2-1) or HNC(1-0) observations in most sources. Our observations show that there is a significant difference in the incidence of blue shifted line asymmetric line profiles between CS(2-1) and HCO$^+$(1-0). The HCO$^+$(1-0) shows the highest occurrence of obvious asymmetric feature, perhaps owing to different optical depth between CS(2-1) and HCO$^+$(1-0). HCO$^+$(1-0) appears to be the best inward motion tracer. The mapping observations of multiple line transitions enable us to identify six strong infall candidates G123.07-6.31, W75(OH), S235N, CEP-A, W3(OH), NGC7538. The infall signature is extended up to a linear scale $>0.2 \:$pc.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
LandSense Innovation Challenge Webinar
Creators: name: Moorthy, Inian
name: Mrkajić, Vladimir
name: Batič, Matej
name: Ryter, Ralf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: earth observation
citizen science
urban landscape dynamics
agriculture
forest
crowdsourcing
innovation

description: The LandSense Challenge targets individuals, web-entrepreneurs, start-ups and SMEs coming from all participating Horizon 2020 countries, to present innovative IT solutions addressing one of the three LandSense domains: Urban Landscape Dynamics Agricultural Land Use Forest & Habitat Monitoring The challenge focuses on using data streams coming from the LandSense Citizen Observatory, the Sentinel Hub Service or other relevant EO data sources to design novel Land Use/Land Cover solutions for a range of applications within the selected domains. Selected finalists will have the opportunity to pitch their ideas online to an expert jury at a side event on September 11, 2020 following the Third International ECSA Conference 2020. Please note that registration for the ECSA Conference is not required for participation in this free of charge public challenge. More details at: https://landsense.eu/Challenge
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 689812.
The Cosmic Decline in the H2/HI-Ratio in Galaxies
Creators: name: Obreschkow, D.
name: Rawlings, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a pressure-based model for splitting cold hydrogen into its atomic (HI) and molecular (H2)components to tackle the co-evolution of HI, H2, and star formation rates (SFR) in ~3e7 simulated galaxies in the Millennium simulation. The main prediction is that galaxies contained similar amounts of HI at redshift z=1-5 than today, but substantially more H2, in quantitative agreement with the strong molecular line emission already detected in a few high redshift galaxies and approximately consistent with inferences from studies of the damped Lyman-alpha absorbers seen in the spectra of quasars. The cosmic H2/HI-ratio is predicted to evolve monotonically as Omega(H2)/Omega(HI) (1+z)^1.6. This decline of the H2/HI-ratio as a function of cosmic time is driven by the growth of galactic disks and the progressive reduction of the mean cold gas pressure. Finally, a comparison between the evolutions of HI, H2, and SFRs reveals two distinct cosmic epochs of star formation: an early epoch (z>3), driven by the evolution of Omega(HI+H2), and a late epoch (z<3), driven by the evolution of Omega(H2)/Omega(HI).
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Super-Alfvénic Model of Molecular Clouds: Predictions for Mass-to-Flux and Turbulent-to-Magnetic Energy Ratios
Creators: name: Lunttila, Tuomas
name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Juvela, Mika
name: Nordlund, Åke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of the Zeeman effect in dark-cloud cores provide important tests for theories of cloud dynamics and prestellar core formation. In this Letter we report results of simulated Zeeman measurements, based on radiative transfer calculations through a snapshot of a simulation of supersonic and super-Alfvénic turbulence. We have previously shown that the same simulation yields a relative mass-to-flux ratio (core versus envelope) in agreement with the observations (and in contradiction with the ambipolar-drift model of core formation). Here we show that the mass-to-flux and turbulent-to-magnetic-energy ratios in the simulated cores agree with observed values as well. The mean magnetic field strength in the simulation is very low, \bar{B}=0.34 \muG, presumably lower than the mean field in molecular clouds. Nonetheless, high magnetic field values are found in dense cores, in agreement with the observations (the rms field, amplified by the turbulence, is B_{rms}=3.05 \muG). We conclude that a strong large-scale mean magnetic field is not required by Zeeman effect measurements to date, although it is not ruled out by this work.
description: 7/24/09: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted to ApJL. Minor additions to the previous version. 7/3/09: 5 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJL
Additional file 2 of BRD4 and PIN1 gene polymorphisms are associated with high pulse pressure risk in a southeastern Chinese population
Creators: name: Qiu, Jin-jia
name: Yang, Rui-zhi
name: Tang, Yi-jie
name: Lin, Ying-yi
name: Xu, Hao-jie
name: Zhang, Na
name: Liang, Min
name: Cai, Hong-da
name: Zeng, Kai
name: Wu, Xiao-dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1 Description and primer sequences of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Table S2 Prediction of high pulse pressure risk of four single nucleotide polymorphisms in the BRD4 and PIN1 genes under additive, dominant, and recessive models. Table S3 Allele combination analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PIN1 gene and risk prediction for high pulse pressure.
Additional file 1 of Hypoxia induced ferritin light chain (FTL) promoted epithelia mesenchymal transition and chemoresistance of glioma
Creators: name: Liu, Junhui
name: Gao, Lun
name: Zhan, Na
name: Xu, Pengfei
name: Yang, Ji’an
name: Yuan, Fan’en
name: Xu, Yang
name: Cai, Qiang
name: Geng, Rongxin
name: Chen, Qianxue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Clinical information for all patients.
Superradiance Transition in Transport Through Nanosystems
Creators: name: Celardo, G. L.
name: Kaplan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an energy-independent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian approach to open systems, we fully describe transport through a sequence of potential barriers as external barriers are varied. Analyzing the complex eigenvalues of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian model, a transition to a superradiant regime is shown to occur. Transport properties undergo a strong change at the superradiance transition, where the transmission is maximized and a drastic change in the structure of resonances is demonstrated. Finally, we analyze the effect of the superradiance transition in the Anderson localized regime.
MPEC 2023-Y12 : 2023 XM15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XM15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Plane symmetric solutions in Horava-Lifshitz theory
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Momeni, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to find and analyze plane symmetric, static(non static) solutions in Hořava- Lifshitz gravity. We discussed two versions of Horava gravity. First we showed that if the detailed balance principle have considered, there are both static and non-static solutions. We show that in static case there are two family of solvable models which either of them has a well defined EOS, in analogous to the perfect fluid solutions in GR. In non-static case we find a family of solutions. Some physical properties of these solutions was discussed. Secondly we investigated the plane symmetric solutions for a new modified version of Hořavaa gravity \cite{bla}, which has the new terms inserted action in it.
description: 16 pages, no figure, references added, re-organized and re-writtend, typos corrected, main results unchanged
Thermodynamic structure of Lanczos-Lovelock field equations from near-horizon symmetries
Creators: name: Kothawala, Dawood
name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that, for a wide class of spacetimes with horizons, Einstein equations near the horizon can be written as a thermodynamic identity. It is also known that the Einstein tensor acquires a highly symmetric form near static, as well as stationary, horizons. We show that, for generic static spacetimes, this highly symmetric form of the Einstein tensor leads quite naturally and generically to the interpretation of the near-horizon field equations as a thermodynamic identity. We further extend this result to generic static spacetimes in Lanczos-Lovelock gravity, and show that the near-horizon field equations again represent a thermodynamic identity in all these models. These results confirm the conjecture that this thermodynamic perspective of gravity extends far beyond Einstein's theory.
description: RevTeX 4; 10 pages; no figures
Electron-muon correlation as a new probe to strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Akamatsu, Yukinao
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a new and clean probe to the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP), we propose an azimuthal correlation of an electron and a muon which originate from the semileptonic decay of charm and bottom quarks. By solving the Langevin equation for the heavy quarks under the hydrodynamic evolution of the hot plasma, we show that substantial quenching of the away-side peak in the electron-muon correlation can be seen if the sQGP drag force acting on heavy quarks is large enough as suggested from the gauge/gravity correspondence. The effect could be detected in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Decision Support Tools for Visualising Coral Reef Futures at Regional Scales
Creators: name: Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)

description: Coral reefs provide essential ecosystem services that support the livelihoods of millions of people in coastal populations around the globe. However, human activities have severely degraded a large number of reefs worldwide, and reef ecosystem function is under continuing threat from anthropogenic impacts. Novel management approaches are required to sustain ecosystem function and there is a need for better scientific tools to inform coordinated management strategies for coral reefs over appropriate spatial and temporal scales. Simulation models are useful tools for projecting future responses of reef systems to multiple threats and can assist in evaluating the effectiveness of alternative management actions. This thesis presents a generic model framework that can be applied to tropical coral reef systems anywhere in the world. The model, CORSET (Coral Reef Scenario Evaluation Tool) uses dynamic equations to capture local-scale ecological processes on individual reefs. These reefs are connected at regional scales through ocean transport of larval propagules. CORSET is designed as a decision support tool for visualising reef futures over several decades at regional scales in the order of 102 – 103 km. The test case for CORSET is the Meso-American Reef system in the western Caribbean. Validation and sensitivity analysis for this test case confirms that the model is able to realistically capture regional-scale reef dynamics over time series of 30-100 years. A separate, validated version of the model for coral reefs in the Philippines region of the South China Sea – which has very different species, community structure, diversity patterns and threatening processes compared with the Meso-American system – demonstrates that CORSET is portable between dissimilar reef systems in different locations. Scenario analysis for these two reef systems demonstrates how CORSET can be applied to examine potential reef futures under alternative assumptions about future threats and management actions. Finally, CORSET is integrated with a dynamic socioeconomic model to produce a coupled biophysical-socioeconomic model system for reefs in the Mexican Caribbean. CORSET is the first regional-scale simulation model for coral reef ecosystems that has demonstrated utility for reef systems in different geographic regions. The model will be made generally available for use by researchers and decision makers through a web portal in the near future.
The effective action and equations of motion of curved local and global vortices: Role of the field excitations
Creators: name: Kozhevnikov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective actions for both local and global curved vortices are derived, based on the derivative expansion of the corresponding field theoretic actions of the nonrelativistic Abelian Higgs and Goldstone models. The role of excitations of the modulus and the phase of the scalar field and of the gauge field (the Bogolyubov-Anderson mode) emitted and reabsorbed by vortices is elucidated. In case of the local (gauge) magnetic vortex, they are necessary for cancellation of the long distance divergence when using the transverse form of the electric gauge field strength of the background field. In case of global vortex taking them into account results in the Greiter-Wilczek-Witten form of the effective action for the Goldstone mode. The expressions for transverse Magnus-like force and the vortex effective mass for both local and global vortices are found. The equations of motion of both type of vortices including the terms due to the field excitations are obtained and solved in cases of large and small contour displacements.
description: 16 pages, no figures; accepted for publication in Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. B
River Experience: A Phenomenological Description of Meaningful Experiences on a Wilderness River Journey
Creators: name: Morse, Michael
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social geography

description: Outdoor educators, nature-based tourism guides and private recreationalists make use of wilderness river areas for extended journeys. The justification for running such trips commonly involves the potential ‘experience’ that it affords participants. Yet the experiences themselves are often unique, individual and difficult to describe. While ‘the experience’ is commonly used as a justification for such journeys, experience itself does not always appear to be well understood or easily articulated. This research project explores participant descriptions of meaningful experiences on a wilderness river journey, in order to answer the questions ‘what forms of meaningful experiences might occur on a wilderness river journey?’, ‘what components of the journey facilitate those meaningful experiences?’, ‘what is the role of the wilderness landscape itself in facilitating those experiences?’, and ‘what is the potential value of meaningful wilderness experiences subsequent upon returning to everyday life?’. The research uses a phenomenological approach to elucidate individual perceptions of meaningful experiences, and then combines the recollections to reveal the commonalities within those experiences. Using interviews, journals, observations and follow-up emails from 32 participants on eight Franklin River (ten day) trips, the project moves from the individual to the collective, to identify and describe the qualities and essences of meaningful experiences on a wilderness river journey. The research identifies two recurrent key ‘streams of experience’. These involve a feeling of humility and being alive to the present. By interrogating the thematic structure of participant descriptions surrounding these two streams of experience, invariant structures are revealed. These invariant structures further provide the opportunity to refocus on individual participant descriptions, and illuminate the essential qualities of the phenomena described. It is argued that by understanding potentially meaningful experiences on a wilderness river journey, outdoor educators, commercial guides and facilitators will be better able to make use of surrounding environs to facilitate such experiences. There is a focus on the unique elements of the wilderness river journey that, in this research, contributed to the unique experiences which participants valued as meaningful.
Hadronic Light-by-Light Scattering Contribution to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: Prades, Joaquim
name: de Rafael, Eduardo
name: Vainshtein, Arkady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of theoretical calculations of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Different approaches and related issues such as OPE constraints and large breaking of chiral symmetry are discussed. Combining results of different models with educated guesses on the errors we come to the estimate $$a^{\rm HLbL}=(10.5\pm 2.6)\times 10^{-10}.$$ The text is prepared as a contribution to the {\it Glasgow White Paper on the present status of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment}.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Interferometry of light propagation in pulsed fields
Creators: name: Dobrich, Babette
name: Gies, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of ground-based gravitational-wave interferometers for studies of the strong-field domain of QED. Interferometric measurements of phase velocity shifts induced by quantum fluctuations in magnetic fields can become a sensitive probe for nonlinear self-interactions among macroscopic electromagnetic fields. We identify pulsed magnets as a suitable strong-field source, since their pulse frequency can be matched perfectly with the domain of highest sensitivity of gravitational-wave interferometers. If these interferometers reach their future sensitivity goals, not only strong-field QED phenomena can be discovered but also further parameter space of hypothetical hidden-sector particles will be accessible.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, published version
Fermi Gamma-ray Haze via Dark Matter and Millisecond Pulsars
Creators: name: Malyshev, Dmitry
name: Cholis, Ilias
name: Gelfand, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study possible astrophysical and dark matter (DM) explanations for the Fermi gamma-ray haze in the Milky Way halo. As representatives of various DM models, we consider DM particles annihilating into W+W-, b-bbar, and e+e-. In the first two cases, the prompt gamma-ray emission from DM annihilations is significant or even dominant at E > 10 GeV, while inverse Compton scattering (ICS) from annihilating DM products is insignificant. For the e+e- annihilation mode, we require a boost factor of order 100 to get significant contribution to the gamma-ray haze from ICS photons. Possible astrophysical sources of high energy particles at high latitudes include type Ia supernovae (SNe) and millisecond pulsars (MSPs). Based on our current understanding of Ia SNe rates, they do not contribute significantly to gamma-ray flux in the halo of the Milky Way. As the MSP population in the stellar halo of the Milky Way is not well constrained, MSPs may be a viable source of gamma-rays at high latitudes provided that there are ~ 20 000 - 60 000 of MSPs in the Milky Way stellar halo. In this case, pulsed gamma-ray emission from MSPs can contribute to gamma-rays around few GeV's while the ICS photons from MSP electrons and positrons may be significant at all energies in the gamma-ray haze. The plausibility of such a population of MSPs is discussed. Consistency with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) microwave haze requires that either a significant fraction of MSP spin-down energy is converted into e+e- flux or the DM annihilates predominantly into leptons with a boost factor of order 100.
description: 18 pages, 1 table, 5 figures; v2: references and a few discussions added, v3: minor changes
Torsors under tori and Néron models
Creators: name: Bright, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G20, 14G05, 14F20, 11G25

description: Let R be a Henselian discrete valuation ring with field of fractions K. If X is a smooth variety over K and G a torus over K, then we consider X-torsors under G. If XX/R is a model of X then, using a result of Brahm, we show that X-torsors under G extend to XX-torsors under a Néron model of G if G is split by a tamely ramified extension of K. It follows that the evaluation map associated to such a torsor factors through reduction to the special fibre. In this way we can use the geometry of the special fibre to study the arithmetic of X.
description: 10 pages
Transition form factors of B decays into p-wave axial-vector mesons in the perturbative QCD approach
Creators: name: Li, Run-Hui
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $B_{u,d,s}\to V,A$ form factors are studied in perturbative QCD approach ($V,A$ denote a vector meson and two kinds of p-wave axial-vector mesons: $^3P_1$ and $^1P_1$ states, respectively.). The form factors are directly studied in the large recoiling region and extrapolated to the whole kinematic region within the dipole parametrization. Adopting decay constants with different signs for the two kinds of axial-vectors, we find that the two kinds of $B\to A$ form factors have the same sign. The two strange mesons $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$ mix with each other via the SU(3) symmetry breaking effect. In order to reduce the ambiguities in the mixing angle between $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, we propose a model-independent way that utilizes the B decay data. Most of the branching fractions of the semilteptonic $B\to Al\bar ν_l$ decays are of the order $10^{-4}$, which still need experimental tests in the on-going and forthcoming experiments.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Human amnion mesenchymal stem cells restore spermatogenesis in mice with busulfan-induced testis toxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress
Creators: name: Qian, Chunfeng
name: Meng, Qingxia
name: Lu, Jiafeng
name: Zhang, Liya
name: Li, Hong
name: Huang, Boxian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Designations, sequences, and the sizes of real-time PCR amplicons.
Integrable Euler top and nonholonomic Chaplygin ball
Creators: name: Tsiganov, A V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D20, Secondary: 70E40, 37J35

description: We discuss the Poisson structures, Lax matrices, $r$-matrices, bi-hamiltonian structures, the variables of separation and other attributes of the modern theory of dynamical systems in application to the integrable Euler top and to the nonholonomic Chaplygin ball.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX with AMS fonts, final version
Holographic dilatonic model of dark energy
Creators: name: Rozas-Fernandez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dilatonic description of the holographic dark energy by connecting the holographic dark energy density with the dilaton scalar field energy density in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We show that this model can describe the observed accelerated expansion of our universe with the choice $c\geq1$ and reconstruct the kinetic term as well as the dynamics of the dilaton scalar field.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, changed content, added references, accepted for publication at Eur.Phys.J.C
Gauging Environmental Variation in the Rejuvenation Potential of Disturbed Natural Ecosystems
Creators: name: Leeson, Kevin
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental management

description: There can be no purpose more inspiring than to begin the age of restoration, reweaving the wondrous diversity of life that still surrounds us – E.O Wilson Ecological restoration is an expensive, time consuming and labour intensive activity. It is therefore important to understand the potential for disturbed natural ecosystems to recover without the need for intervention. This project investigates the rate of vegetation and soil recovery from different types of disturbance at 18 sites within four major ecosystems (grassy, dry sclerophyll, wet sclerophyll, and rainforest) in Tasmania. All sites have a known disturbance history (type and age). At each site, randomly located quadrats were placed in the disturbed and control areas and the percentage cover of species, bare ground and litter estimated using a modified Braun-Blanquet scale. The pH, N, P, C of surface soils from the subset of these quadrats was measured. Topographic and climatic data were obtained at the site level. Global non-metric multi-dimensional scaling was performed on the presence/absence data for all taxa. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices were produced and these were used to examine similarities and dissimilarities between disturbed and control areas. Vectors were fitted for all variables and significance determined by 1000 randomisations. Sorted tables were used to indicate the abundance and presence or absence of taxa at site and ecosystem levels. Relationships between independent variables and the mean distances between control and disturbance vegetation and soils were determined at the site level. The type of initial disturbance (superficial or severe) rather than the time since cessation of the initial disturbance or other factors was the best single predictor of the recovery of both vegetation and soil. Restoration effort should be directed towards areas that are known (as determined by site history) to have been subjected to extensive soil and vegetation disturbance.
A Terraced Scanning Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Susceptometer with Sub-Micron Pickup Loops
Creators: name: Koshnick, Nicholas C.
name: Huber, Martin E.
name: Bert, Julie A.
name: Hicks, Clifford W.
name: Large, Jeff
name: Edwards, Hal
name: Moler, Kathryn A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) can have excellent spin sensitivity depending on their magnetic flux noise, pick-up loop diameter, and distance from the sample. We report a family of scanning SQUID susceptometers with terraced tips that position the pick-up loops 300 nm from the sample. The 600 nm - 2 um pickup loops, defined by focused ion beam, are integrated into a 12-layer optical lithography process allowing flux-locked feedback, in situ background subtraction and optimized flux noise. These features enable a sensitivity of ~70 electron spins per root Hertz at 4K.
description: See http://stanford.edu/group/moler/publications.html for an auxiliary document containing additional fabrication details and discussion
A note on sign conventions in link Floer homology
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sucharit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 57R58

description: For knots in S^3, the bi-graded hat version of knot Floer homology is defined over Z; however, for a link L in S^3 with #|L|=l>1, there are 2^{l-1} bi-graded hat versions of link Floer homology defined over Z, the multi-graded hat version of link Floer homology is only defined over F_2 from holomorphic considerations, and there is a multi-graded version of link Floer homology defined over Z using grid diagrams. In this short note, we try to address this issue, by extending the F_2-valued multi-graded link Floer homology theory to 2^{l-1} Z-valued theories. A grid diagram representing a link gives rise to a chain complex over F_2, whose homology is related to the multi-graded hat version of link Floer homology of that link over F_2. A sign refinement of the chain complex exists, and for knots, we establish that the sign refinement does indeed correspond to the sign assignment for the hat version of the knot Floer homology. For links, we create 2^{l-1} sign assignments on the grid diagrams, and show that they are related to the 2^{l-1} multi-graded hat versions of link Floer homology over Z, and one of them corresponds to the existing sign refinement of the grid chain complex.
Genuine Phase Diagram of Homogeneously Doped CuO2 Plane in High-Tc Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Mukuda, H.
name: Yamaguchi, Y.
name: Shimizu, S.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
name: Shirage, P. M.
name: Iyo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a genuine phase diagram for a disorder-free CuO_2 plane based on the precise evaluation of the local hole density (N_h) by site-selective Cu-NMR studies on five-layered high-Tc cuprates. It has been unraveled that (1) the antiferromagnetic metallic state (AFMM) is robust up to N_h=0.17, (2) the uniformly mixed phase of superconductivity (SC) and AFMM is realized at N_h< 0.17, (3) the tetracritical point for the AFMM/(AFMM+SC)/SC/PM(Paramagnetism) phases may be present at N_h=0.15 and T=75 K, (4) Tc is maximum close to a quantum critical point (QCP) at which the AFM order collapses, suggesting the intimate relationship between the high-Tc SC and the AFM order. The results presented here strongly suggest that the AFM interaction plays the vital role as the glue for the Cooper pairs, which will lead us to a genuine understanding of why the Tc of cuprate superconductors is so high.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., vol.77, No.12 (2008)
Russisch byt' ('sein') als funktionale und/oder lexikalische Kategorie
Creators: name: Geist, Ljudmila
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 1999

description: The present study offers an analysis of the Russian copular constructions with predicate nominals. In such copular sentences two cases may mark the predicate: the nominative and the instrumental as in 'Anna byla medsestra/medsestroj' - 'Anna was-3sg.fem.a nursenom/instr'. In the present tense the copula has a null-form and the predicate nominal can only be in the nominative. I argue that the case alternation corresponds to the distinction of Stage Level and Individual Level Predicates in the sense of Kratzer (1994) and Diesing (1992), but with some objections. The copula with Instrumental forms S-Predicates, which are analyzed as predicates applying to situations referring to time. The copula with nominative forms I-Predicates, which attribute properties to individuals without referring to time. I-Predicates have no situation argument. Data that show the (in-)compatibility of copular sentences with certain spatial or temporal modifiers provide a reason to assume a situation argument in byt' + Instr but not in byt' + Nom. Byt' behaves differently in different grammatical contexts: in contexts of sentence negation, yes/no-questions and under focus byt' + Instr behaves like a lexical category, while byt' + Nom behaves like a functional category. As a functional category byt' + Nom is non-overt in the present and is always finite. The semantic distinction between nominative and instrumental predicate NPs is pegged to an opposition between a structure with a functional copula as the only tense and agreement marker with base position in TP and a lexical copula in VP (Franks 1995, Bailyn&Rubin 1991). To explain phenomena of the copula in Russian I propose an integrated syntactic model for two copulas. The two copulas may be conceived as distinct realizations of one verbal lexical entry which will be specified as a lexical or as functional category in the course of lexical insertion. The Model of Parallel Morphology might be used to explain this phenomenon.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 14 (1999): Kopula-Prädikativ-Konstruktionen als Syntax/Semantik-Schnittstellen
Einführung
Creators: name: Lang, Ewald
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 1999

description: Was macht Kopula-Prädikativ-Konstruktionen unter dem Blickwinkel ihrer grammatischen Schnittstellen so attraktiv? Die kurze Einführung will darauf eine partielle Antwort geben, aber nicht indem sie versucht, unter Beachtung ausgewogener Erwähnungsfrequenz die einzelnen Aufsätze zusammenzufassen (was sich durch die jeweils vorangestellten Abstracts eh erübrigt), sondern indem sie – a field is defined by certain questions ! – die aus Titeln und Abstracts nicht sofort ersichtlichen theoretischen Koordinaten des hier gewählten Ausschnitts der Kopula-Forschungslandschaft skizziert, um darin einige in den Beiträgen vorgeschlagene Antworten zu orten. So kommen die Relativität des Erreichten, aber auch das Potential, das in z.T. kontrovers geführten Argumentationen und konkurrierenden Analysen steckt, gleichermaßen zur Geltung.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 14 (1999): Kopula-Prädikativ-Konstruktionen als Syntax/Semantik-Schnittstellen
Towards an explanation of copula effects
Creators: name: Jäger, Gerhard
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2000

description: This paper deals with a series of semantic contrasts between the copula "be" and the preposition "as", two functional elements that both head elementary predication structures. It will be argued that the meaning of "as" is a type lowering device shifting the meaning of its complement NP from generalized quantifier type to property type (where properties are conceived as relations between individuals and situations), while the copula "be" induces a type coercion from (partial) situations to (total) possible worlds. Paired with van der Sandt's 1992 theory of presupposition accommodation, these assumptions will account for the observed contrasts between "as" and "be".
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 16 (2000): Copular and AUX-constructions
Additional file 2 of EtMIC3 and its receptors BAG1 and ENDOUL are essential for site-specific invasion of Eimeria tenella in chickens
Creators: name: Li, Wenyu
name: Wang, Mingyue
name: Chen, Yufeng
name: Chen, Chen
name: Liu, Xiaoqian
name: Sun, Xiaoting
name: Jing, Chuanxu
name: Xu, Lixin
name: Yan, Ruofeng
name: Li, Xiangrui
name: Song, Xiaokai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Primers for cloning the potential EtMIC3 receptor genes.
Einführung
Creators: name: Lang, Ewald
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2000

description: Der vorliegende Band setzt im Anschluss an den Band ZAS Papers in Linguistics 14 (1999) die Vorpublikation von Arbeiten fort, die innerhalb oder im Umkreis des von der DFG geförderten Projekts "Schnittstellen der Semantik: Kopula-Prädikativ-Konstruktionen" am ZAS entstanden sind. Das Rahmenthema, wie es in ZAS PIL 14 einleitend knapp umrissen wurde, wird derzeit im Projekt in drei Untersuchungssträngen bearbeitet.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 16 (2000): Copular and AUX-constructions
Credit Assignment in Adaptive Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Whitacre, James M.
name: Pham, Tuan Q.
name: Sarker, Ruhul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a new method for assigning credit to search operators is presented. Starting with the principle of optimizing search bias, search operators are selected based on an ability to create solutions that are historically linked to future generations. Using a novel framework for defining performance measurements, distributing credit for performance, and the statistical interpretation of this credit, a new adaptive method is developed and shown to outperform a variety of adaptive and non-adaptive competitors.