cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The importance of transparency and reproducibility in artificial intelligence research
Creators: name: Haibe-Kains, Benjamin
name: Adam, George Alexandru
name: Hosny, Ahmed
name: Khodakarami, Farnoosh
name: Board, MAQC Society
name: Waldron, Levi
name: Wang, Bo
name: McIntosh, Chris
name: Kundaje, Anshul
name: Greene, Casey S.
name: Hoffman, Michael M.
name: Leek, Jeffrey T.
name: Huber, Wolfgang
name: Brazma, Alvis
name: Pineau, Joelle
name: Tibshirani, Robert
name: Hastie, Trevor
name: Ioannidis, John P. A.
name: Quackenbush, John
name: Aerts, Hugo J. W. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In their study, McKinney et al. showed the high potential of artificial intelligence for breast cancer screening. However, the lack of detailed methods and computer code undermines its scientific value. We identify obstacles hindering transparent and reproducible AI research as faced by McKinney et al and provide solutions with implications for the broader field.
Practices of conservation agricultural technologies in diverse cropping systems in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Akterruzzaman, M
name: Jahan, Hasneen
name: Haque, Md Enamul
name: Akterruzzaman, M
name: Jahan, Hasneen
name: Haque, Md Enamul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: conservation agriculture
subject: technology
subject: cropping systems
subject: Bangladesh

description: High Yielding Varieties (HYV) along with chemical fertilizer, pesticides and irrigation had introduced in Bangladesh in the name of “Green Revolution” to feed the huge population of the country. This results degradation in soil health and reduce productivity in the long run. In this context, conservation agriculture (CA) is becoming increasingly important in overcoming the problems of declining agricultural productivity. This paper investigates the benefits and impacts of CA practiced by the farmers in Bangladesh. The study covered a range of soils and cropping systems for the evaluation of CA in Rajshahi; Mymensingh; Rajbari, and Thakurgaon districts. Data and information were gathered through focus group discussion (FGD), household survey, and case studies. A total of 458 households were interviewed considering the level of adoption of CA from different cropping systems. The results show that most of the farmers under Mymensingh and Thakurgaon districts don’t have any knowledge in sowing/transplanting by machineries whereas farmers in Rajbari and Rajshahi districts have comparatively better knowledge on this. Overall 76.45% respondents know the benefits of using organic matter in soil. For tillage operation, draft power use is higher than other machineries in all cropping seasons. The retention of crop residues was found higher in Boro rice compared to Aman and Aus rice and other crops. A few farm households had a little knowledge on how to improve soil health through retention of crop residues. Only 39.30% respondents practiced crop rotations, and 30% respondents practiced mixed cropping, and most of them experienced increased production. The major constraints of adoption of CA mentioned by the respondents are low production, more weeds, low animal feed, lower cooking fuel and bothering job. Providing adequate knowledge and training of CA should be provided to the farmers for sustainable agricultural productivity.
Additional file 1 of Role of community pharmacists in weight management: results of a national study in Lebanon
Creators: name: Hijazi, Mohamad Ali
name: Hibeh Shatila
name: El-Lakany, Abdalla
name: Rifai, Hiba Al
name: Aboul-Ela, Maha
name: Naja, Farah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The ASTRA Spectrophotometer: A July 2004 Progress Report
Creators: name: Adelman, S. J.
name: Gulliver, A. F.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Pazder, J. S.
name: Younger, P. F.
name: Boyd, L.
name: Epand, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cross-dispersed spectrophotometer with CCD detector and its automated 0.5-m telescope at the Fairborn Observatory, now under construction, should begin observations in 6 to 9 months. The Citadel ASTRA Telescope will be able to observe Vega the primary standard, make rapid measurements of the naked-eye stars, use 10 minutes per hour to obtain photometric measurements of the nightly extinction, and obtain high quality observations of V=10.5 mag. stars in an hour. The approximate wavelength range is 3300-9000A with a resolution of 14A in first and 7A in second order. Filter photometric magnitudes and indices will be calibrated in part for use as quality checks. Science observations for major projects such as comparisons with model atmospheres codes and for exploratory investigations should also begin in the first year. The ASTRA team realizes to deal with this potential data flood that they will need help to make the best scientific uses of the data. Thus they are interested in discussing possible collaborations. In less than a year of normal observing, all isolated stars in the Bright Star Catalog that can be observed can have their fluxes well measured. Some A Star related applications are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Poster presented at IAU Symposium 224 "The A Star Puzzle", 7-13 July 2004, Poprad, Slovakia
Agricultural soil carbon sinks and the design of a domestic emissions trading scheme
Creators: name: Ramirez-Ramirez, Gmelina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: After the signing of the Kyoto Protocol and its several mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, countries around the globe have been developing appropriate schemes to deal with their excess greenhouse gas emissions. This thesis presents general design guidelines based on the objective of economic efficiency to develop a Domestic Carbon Emissions Trading scheme which also offers to emitters the option of buying offset credits generated from the temporal carbon sequestration services of agricultural soils. Quotas and emissions permits are similar economic instruments and therefore the experience of the Canadian Supply Management system provides lessons and a rich source of rules and procedures for an emissions trading scheme. Nevertheless, designing a system that manages offset credits generated from sequestering carbon in agricultural soils is not trivial. Through appropriate land management practices the soil can increase its carbon uptake thus reducing the net existence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, this reduction may not be permanent as carbon sinks (where carbon is stored in the soil) are prone to release the sequestered carbon easily. Given the temporal feature of agricultural soil carbon sinks, this thesis presents relevant design aspects of a Domestic Carbon Emissions Trading scheme which accommodates the unique features of agriculture. In particular this thesis explores the concept of rental contracts which are designed to purchase soil C sequestration services from farmers over a specified period of time to generate the offset credits.
Food demand and nutrition for people living in south-west cyclone SIDR affected regions in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Rahman, K M M
name: Kranz, B
name: Bauer, S
name: Rahman, K M M
name: Kranz, B
name: Bauer, S
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food demand
subject: nutrition
subject: cyclone
subject: Bangladesh

description: Food consumption, nutrition and demand for farmers’ families were studied in the south-west Sidr affected regions, namely, Patuakhali, Barguna and Jhalakathi in Bangladesh. Based on primary data of 300 households collected with simple random sampling technique from January to June in 2013, the study used LA/AIDS model and descriptive statistics to explain food demand, consumption and nutrition. Farmers consumed less food in terms of per capita calorie and protein intakes. Food cost was 58 percent of total cost. Farmers of Barguna and Jhalakathi regions were mostly absolute poor. The per capita food, calorie and protein intakes were respectively 1037g, 2104 kcal and 84g. Farmers with higher farm sizes consumed more daily per capita food whereas farmers with higher family sizes exhibited less daily per capita food consumption. Food demand was significantly influenced by its own price, prices of other commodities and real expenditure on individual commodities. All compensated and uncompensated own price elasticities of food items were negative. All expenditure elasticities were positive and significant. The food commodities oil, spices, sugar, meat, milk and egg were expenditure inelastic whereas the commodities rice, vegetables, lentil and fish were expenditure elastic. As a policy, prices of all expenditure elastic commodities should be controlled by market intervention to enhance the real income of farmers.
Diffractive production of $Λ$ hyperons in the high-energy limit of strong interactions
Creators: name: Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni
name: Ivanov, Dmitry Yu.
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the study of the inclusive production of two $Λ$ hyperons or a single $Λ$-particle in association with a jet, featuring high transverse momenta and large separation in rapidity, as a probe channel of the resummation of energy logarithms in the QCD perturbative series. We give predictions, shaped on kinematic ranges typical of CMS and of the backward CASTOR detector, for cross section and azimuthal-correlation moments between the two emitted objects, showing how considering the tag of $Λ$ baryons eases the comparison between theoretical results and experimental data in the phenomenological context of semi-hard reactions.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures; updated references; slight changes in Eq. (14), updated Section 2.3, added 2 plots (Figs. 6 and 8), version published in Phys. Rev. D
Arcyria incarnata Pers.
Creators: name: Kryvomaz, Tetiana
name: Michaud, Alain
name: Stephenson, Steven L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Trichiales
Arcyriaceae
Arcyria
Arcyria incarnata

description: Arcyria incarnata (Pers. ex J.F. Gmel.) Pers. (1 MC, 1 loc, 1 ps)
 Loc. 45b La Digue: On bark of living tree Casuarina equisetifolia, SLS 32446 (MC pH 4.9).
description: Published as part of Kryvomaz, Tetiana, Michaud, Alain & Stephenson, Steven L., 2020, Myxomycete biodiversity on five islands of the Seychelles, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 4851 (2) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4407410
Theta vacuum effects on the pseudoscalar condensates and the eta^prime meson in 2-dimensional lattice QED
Creators: name: Fukaya, Hidenori
name: Onogi, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chiral condensates and the eta^prime meson correlators of the massive Schwinger model in non-zero theta vacuum. Our data suggest that the pseudoscalar operator does condense in a fixed topological sector and gives long range correlations of the eta^prime meson. We find that this is well understood from the clustering decomposition and statistical picture. Our result also indicates that even in theta=0 case, the long range correlation of eta^prime meson receives non-zero contributions from all the topological sectors and that their cancellation is non-trivial and requires accurate measurement of the reweighting factors as well as the expectation values. It is then clear that the fluctuation of the disconnected diagram originates from the pseudoscalar condensates.
description: Lattice2004(topology), 3pages, 3figures
Relations Between NC and CC Neutrino Structure Functions for Nucleons and Nuclei
Creators: name: Kulagin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relations between neutrino NC and CC structure functions and cross sections, which are driven by isospin symmetry, are discussed for nucleons and nuclei.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, more references added, typos corrected. Talk at 3rd International Workshop On Neutrino Nucleus Interactions In The Few GeV Region (NuInt04), 17-21 Mar 2004, Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy
Socioeconomic factors influencing food security status of miaze growing households in selected areas of Bogra district
Creators: name: Mannaf, Maksuda
name: Uddin, Md Taj
name: Mannaf, Maksuda
name: Uddin, Md Taj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food security
subject: maize growers
subject: determining factors
subject: Bangladesh

description: The study was conducted to elucidate the determinants of food security among the maize growing rural households of Bogra district. Data were collected from 0 farmers, who were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The sample farmers were classified as small (0.51-1.00 ha), medium (1.01-3.00 ha) and large (above 3.00 ha) according to their possession of land. To collect data, a questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, food security index and logit model. The results of the study revealed that almost all rural households in Bogra district were food secured. It was checked by using recommended minimum calorie requirement (i.e., 2122 kcal). Based on the results, 20 (33.33 percent)households were found to be food insecured while the rest 40 (66.67 percent)households were food secured households. Thus, only 20 (33.33 percent) of the sampled households could not get the minimum and above recommended calorie level, i.e., 2122 kcal per capita per day. The results of logit model indicated that four variables out of eight have influence on household’s food security condition. The factors influencing household food security were found to be age of household head, household size, monthly agricultural income and food expenditure. The results of logit model showed that a unit increase in food expenditure will increase the probability of the household being food secure, households with older heads are more food insecure, household food security decreases with increasing household size, and increased income of household’s ensure food security status.
A completely entangled subspace of maximal dimension
Creators: name: Bhat, B. V. Rajarama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A completely entangled subspace of a tensor product of Hilbert spaces is a subspace with no non-trivial product vector. K. R. Parthasarathy determined the maximum dimension possible for such a subspace. Here we present a simple explicit example of one such space. We determine the set of product vectors in its orthogonal complement and see that it spans whole of the orthogonal complement. This way we are able to determine the minimum dimension possible for an unextendible product basis (UPB) consisting of product vectors which are linearly independent but not necessarily mutually orthogonal.
description: 8 pages
Narrow-linewidth tin-vacancy centers in a diamond waveguide
Creators: name: Rugar, Alison E.
name: Dory, Constantin
name: Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar
name: Lu, Haiyu
name: Sun, Shuo
name: Mishra, Sattwik Deb
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
name: Melosh, Nicholas A.
name: Vučković, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrating solid-state quantum emitters with photonic circuits is essential for realizing large-scale quantum photonic processors. Negatively charged tin-vacancy (SnV$^-$) centers in diamond have emerged as promising candidates for quantum emitters because of their excellent optical and spin properties including narrow-linewidth emission and long spin coherence times. SnV$^-$ centers need to be incorporated in optical waveguides for efficient on-chip routing of the photons they generate. However, such integration has yet to be realized. In this Letter, we demonstrate the coupling of SnV$^-$ centers to a nanophotonic waveguide. We realize this device by leveraging our recently developed shallow ion implantation and growth method for generation of high-quality SnV$^-$ centers and the advanced quasi-isotropic diamond fabrication technique. We confirm the compatibility and robustness of these techniques through successful coupling of narrow-linewidth SnV$^-$ centers (as narrow as $36\pm2$ MHz) to the diamond waveguide. Furthermore, we investigate the stability of waveguide-coupled SnV$^-$ centers under resonant excitation. Our results are an important step toward SnV$^-$-based on-chip spin-photon interfaces, single-photon nonlinearity, and photon-mediated spin interactions.
Catching up with the West? Europeanisation of policies in Hungary and Poland
Creators: name: Augustyn, Anna
name: Nemes, Gusztáv
name: Augustyn, Anna
name: Nemes, Gusztáv
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: governance
subject: LEADER
subject: welfare state decline
subject: post-socialist transformation

description: This paper presents a comparative perspective on Europeanisation of rural policies in Poland and Hungary. We focus on developments in these two countries in the last decade and situate them in a broader European Union (EU) narrative. This exercise shows that Europeanisation in rural development has been mostly a one-way process of transferring the EU-15 policy models into the post-socialist realm. The policy system has lacked contextual sensitivity and recognition of the significant differences in political and institutional cultures both within the Central and Eastern European countries and between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ EU Member States. The results are low effectiveness of development aid, coupled with the lack of policy learning and the possibility for gradual improvements of the system. We look here especially at the delivery of LEADER and how its transformation from being an experimental bottom-up innovation into a mainstream delivery mechanism of rural aid has affected its transfer to Hungary and Poland. We conclude with some recommendations for improvements in rural policy delivery and with some research questions to encourage further research.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1419
Income inequality, capitalism and ethno-linguistic fractionalization
Creators: name: Sturm, Jan-Egbert
name: de Haan, Jakob
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economic freedom
Income inequality
Ethno-linguistic fractionalization
SOCIAL INEQUALITY (ETHICS)
WIRTSCHAFTLICHE ASPEKTE + FINANZIELLE ASPEKTE (ALLGEMEIN)
INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS (POINT OF VIEW)
FREIHEIT (PHILOSOPHIE)
ECONOMIC ASPECTS + FINANCIAL ASPECTS (GENERAL)
SOZIALE UNGLEICHHEIT (ETHIK)
KAPITALISMUS (WIRTSCHAFTSSYSTEME)
INCOME (ECONOMICS)
Redistribution
EINKOMMEN (WIRTSCHAFTSWISSENSCHAFTEN)
INTERNATIONALER VERGLEICH (GESICHTSPUNKT)
CAPITALISM (ECONOMIC SYSTEMS)
FREEDOM (PHILOSOPHY)
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: KOF Working Papers, 370
Massive Star Populations in Wolf-Rayet Galaxies
Creators: name: Fernandes, I. F.
name: de Carvalho, R.
name: Contini, T.
name: Gal, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze longslit spectral observations of fourteen Wolf-Rayet galaxies from the sample of Schaerer, Contini & Pindao (1999). All 14 galaxies show broad Wolf-Rayet emission in the blue region of the spectrum, consisting of a blend of NIII4640, CIII4650, CIV4658, and HeII4686 emission lines, which is a spectral characteristic of WN stars. Broad CIV5808 emission, termed the red bump, is detected in 9 galaxies and CIII5996 is detected in 6 galaxies. These emission features are due to WC stars. We derive the numbers of late WN and early WC stars from the luminosity of the blue and red bumps, respectively. The number of O stars is estimated from the luminosity of the Hbeta emission line, after subtracting the contribution of WR stars. The Schaerer & Vacca 1998 (hereafter SV98) models predict that the number of WR stars relative to O stars, N_WR/N_O, increases with metallicity. For low metallicity galaxies, the results agree with predictions of evolutionary synthesis models for galaxies with a burst of star formation, and indicates an IMF slope -2 < Gamma < -2.35 in the low metallicity regime. For high metallicity galaxies our observations suggest a Salpeter IMF (Gamma = -2.35) and an extended short burst. The main possible sources of error are the adopted luminosities for single WCE and WNL stars. We also report, for the first time, NGC 450 as a galaxy with WR characteristics.
description: 34 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Jet Charge: A Flavor Prism for Spin Asymmetries at the EIC
Creators: name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Liu, Xiaohui
name: Mantry, Sonny
name: Shao, Ding Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the jet charge observable as a novel probe of flavor structure in the nucleon spin program at the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). We show that jet charge measurements can substantially enhance the sensitivity of spin asymmetries to different partonic flavors in the nucleon. This sensitivity can be further improved by constructing the jet charge using only a subset of hadron species (pions or kaons) in the jet. As an example, we use the Sivers asymmetry in back-to-back electron-jet production at the EIC to show that the jet charge can be a unique tool in constraining the Sivers function for different partonic flavors.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, update the text and the figures with uncertainty bands. To be published in Physical Review Letters
A Near-Infrared (JHK) Survey of the Vicinity of the HII region NGC 7538: Evidence for a Young Embedded Cluster
Creators: name: Balog, Z.
name: Kenyon, S. J.
name: Lada, E. A.
name: Barsony, M.
name: Vinko, J.
name: Gaspar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the results of two near infrared (K-band) imaging surveys and a three color (JHK) survey of the vicinity of NGC 7538. The limiting magnitudes are K ~ 16.5 and K ~ 17.5 mag for the K-band surveys and K ~ 15 mag for the JHK survey. We identify more than 2000 and 9000 near-infrared (NIR) sources on the images of the two K-band surveys and 786 NIR sources in the JHK survey. From color-color diagrams, we derive a reddening law for background stars and identify 238 stars with NIR excesses. Contour maps indicate a high density peak coincident with a concentration of stars with NIR excesses. We identify this peak as a young, embedded cluster and confirm this result with the K-band luminosity function, color histograms, and color-magnitude diagrams. The center of the cluster is at RA = 23:13:39.34, DEC = 61:29:18.9. The cluster radius is $\sim$ 3' ~ 2.5 pc for an adopted distance, d ~ 2.8 kpc. For d = 2.8 kpc, and reddening, E_{J-K} = 0.55 mag, the slope of the logarithmic K-band luminosity function (KLF) of the cluster, s ~ 0.32 +- 0.03, agrees well with previous results for L1630 (s = 0.34) and M17 (s = 0.26).
description: 26 pages with 11 figures. Accepted by Astronomical Journal
Arcyria insignis Kalchbr. & Cooke 1882
Creators: name: Kryvomaz, Tetiana
name: Michaud, Alain
name: Stephenson, Steven L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Trichiales
Arcyriaceae
Arcyria
Arcyria insignis

description: Arcyria insignis Kalchbr. & Cooke (3 FC, 1 MC, 4 loc, 3 ps)
 Loc. 23 Praslin: On rotten piece of wood of Calophyllum inophyllum, AM2768, TK2182. Loc.29 La Digue: On dead spathe fixed to living palm Cocos nucifera, SLS 32477 (MC pH 4.7). Loc. 39c La Digue: On wood of rotten branch of Terminalia catappa, AM2977, TK2546. Loc. 40d La Digue: On wood of dead log of Calophyllum inophyllum, AM2941, TK2499.
description: Published as part of Kryvomaz, Tetiana, Michaud, Alain & Stephenson, Steven L., 2020, Myxomycete biodiversity on five islands of the Seychelles, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 4851 (2) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4407410
Additional file 1 of Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in East, Southeast and South Asia
Creators: name: Eichenberger, Ramon M.
name: Thomas, Lian F.
name: Gabriël, Sarah
name: Bobić, Branco
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Robertson, Lucy J.
name: Saratsis, Anastasios
name: Torgerson, Paul R.
name: Braae, Uffe C.
name: Dermauw, Veronique
name: Dorny, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: PRISMA 2009 checklist.
Lithium and its isotopic ratio 6Li/7Li in the atmospheres of some sharp-lined roAp star
Creators: name: Shavrina, A.
name: Polosukhina, N.
name: Khan, S.
name: Pavlenko, Ya.
name: Khalack, V.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Quinet, P.
name: Mikhailitska, N.
name: Yushchenko, A.
name: Gopka, V.
name: Hatzes, A.
name: Mkrtichian, D.
name: Veles, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lines of lithium at 6708 A, and 6103 A, are analyzed in high resolution spectra of some sharp-lined and slowly rotating roAp stars. Three spectral synthesis codes - STARSP, ZEEMAN2 and SYNTHM were used. New lines of the rare earth elements from the DREAM database, and lines calculated on the basis of the NIST energy levels were included. Magnetic splitting and other line broadening processes were taken into account. Enhanced abundances of lithium in the atmospheres of the stars studied are obtained for both the lithium lines. High estimates of 6Li/7Li ratio (0.2 -- 0.5) for the studied star can be explained by Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) production through the spallation reactions and the preservation of the original $^6$Li and $^7$Li by the strong magnetic fields.
description: 5 pages, 2*5 figs, submitted for IAUS #224 Proceedings
Peripheralisation trends in rural territories: the case of Lithuania
Creators: name: Pociūtė-Sereikienė, Gintarė
name: Kriaučiūnas, Edis
name: Ubarevičienė, Rūta
name: Pociūtė-Sereikienė, Gintarė
name: Kriaučiūnas, Edis
name: Ubarevičienė, Rūta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: peripheralisation
subject: rural settlements
subject: rural regions
subject: depopulation

description: This article describes the main trends in the changes to the system of rural settlements in Lithuania and determines the regional peculiarities of these changes. The analysis was carried out using data collected during the censuses of 2001 and 2011, and information that was gathered during field trips to rural settlements across the country in 2013 and 2014. Our analysis showed that the population decreased in the majority of settlements independently of their size. However, distinct regional differences can be identified and these were especially evident when comparing the data collected from the rural settlements located close to the capital city (Vilnius) or regional centres (Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai, Panevėžys and Alytus) with the data collected from the peripheral areas located further from cities or roads of regional importance. The survey showed that the north-eastern and southern parts of Lithuania are depopulated most, whereas in the western part of the country the number of residents was stable until 2000, and only in the 21st century did it start to decrease due to the increasing emigration rates. Also, the analysis of the structure of settlements allowed us to point out the historical circumstances as the cause of regional differences. In the North-Eastern part of Lithuania the settlements are smaller than in the Western part of Lithuania. The analysis shows that the increasing importance of the centre-periphery factor will further determine the decline of rural settlements in peripheral territories in Lithuania.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1421
The role and importance of public employment programmes: the case of Hajdúböszörmény micro-region, Hungary
Creators: name: Oláh, Judit
name: Oláh, Judit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: public employment
subject: unemployment
subject: job opportunities
subject: employment policy

description: Public employment programmes are important tools for reducing unemployment and its impacts. The Hungarian National Public Employment Programme, launched on 1 January 2011, includes micro-regional start-work model programmes. A questionnaire survey designed to assess whether these programmes can help to re-integrate jobless people into the labour market was conducted among 300 programme participants in the (LAU1) micro-region of Hajdúböszörmény in north-east Hungary. Most respondents have, at most, basic education. The majority have already participated in public employment programmes three or more times, often over a period of more than two years. Most respondents with higher education would like to return to the primary labour market, but many less educated persons would accept further public employment. Very few want to work in the ‘black’ economy. Most did not take part in any actions to improve their employability, either through the programmes or on their own initiative. Many feel that they have developed new competences but do not believe that their career prospects have been improved. Their self-esteem has increased and they can see the value to society of the work they have been doing. In conclusion, the current public employment system seems to be reducing ‘black’ labour but not substantially improving the employability of participants. Training combined with public employment should be obligatory. The programmes should be maintained as long as the private sector cannot provide enough job opportunities. Their activities increase the amount of available work in the micro-region and have positive benefits for the micro-region community as well.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1322
Towards Socially Responsible AI: Cognitive Bias-Aware Multi-Objective Learning
Creators: name: Sen, Procheta
name: Ganguly, Debasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human society had a long history of suffering from cognitive biases leading to social prejudices and mass injustice. The prevalent existence of cognitive biases in large volumes of historical data can pose a threat of being manifested as unethical and seemingly inhuman predictions as outputs of AI systems trained on such data. To alleviate this problem, we propose a bias-aware multi-objective learning framework that given a set of identity attributes (e.g. gender, ethnicity etc.) and a subset of sensitive categories of the possible classes of prediction outputs, learns to reduce the frequency of predicting certain combinations of them, e.g. predicting stereotypes such as `most blacks use abusive language', or `fear is a virtue of women'. Our experiments conducted on an emotion prediction task with balanced class priors shows that a set of baseline bias-agnostic models exhibit cognitive biases with respect to gender, such as women are prone to be afraid whereas men are more prone to be angry. In contrast, our proposed bias-aware multi-objective learning methodology is shown to reduce such biases in the predictied emotions.
Farmers’ risk perception, risk aversion and strategies to cope with production risk: an empirical study from Poland
Creators: name: Sulewski, Piotr
name: Kłoczko-Gajewska, Anna
name: Sulewski, Piotr
name: Kłoczko-Gajewska, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: risk perception
subject: risk aversion
subject: agricultural practices
subject: family farms

description: Agriculture is an activity burdened with multiple risk factors that are related to the biological nature of production. Climate change, liberalisation of international agricultural trade and changes in the agricultural support system mean that the importance of risk in agriculture will increase. This means that increasing attention will be given to risk management at the farm level, although implementation of the appropriate risk management strategy is connected to farmers’ perception of, and aversion to, risk. This study, which integrates these three aspects of risk in agriculture, is based on data collected from almost 600 participant farms from the Polish FADN system. It was shown that drought is perceived by farmers as the main factor of risk in production in Poland. Polish farmers are rather risk averse, but a little more in terms of their personal health and less in the case of the farm. The analysis showed that the following factors increased the level of risk aversion of Polish farmers: debt ratio, losses in production in previous years, soil quality and concentration on financial independence as a hierarchy of priorities. The most important risk-coping strategy was crop insurance. Knowledge of farmers’ perception of risk, risk aversion and preferred risk management strategies is essential for creating policy instruments to support agricultural risk management, and for the development of training programmes tailored to the needs of farmers.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1414
Crossings : mexicana remittance couriers and the borders of patriarchy and nation
Creators: name: Lee, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the gendered processes of transnational remittance networks and the role of Mexican courier women in Los Angeles. In countries such as Mexico, remittances from the U.S. have become one of the primary sources of revenue, not only for individual households, but also for long-term state infrastructure projects such as roads, hospitals and schools. However, as many emigrant-sending states reclaim transmigrants as part of new forms of nation-state building projects, very little has been said about the gendered dimensions of such processes. On this score, my paper explores the ways in which attending to gender can bring a more nuanced and differentiated perspective on transnational remittance networks; and specifically examines how the gendered processes of migrant remittances fit within a constellation of neo-liberal state economic and social policies in the U.S. and in Mexico. By drawing upon a series of interviews with remittance couriers, I illustrate how migrant women negotiate such constellations by simultaneously disrupting and reproducing certain gendered norms, hierarchies and tensions.
Quark-antiquark production from classical fields in heavy ion collisions: 1+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Gelis, F.
name: Kajantie, K.
name: Lappi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical color fields produced by the small-x wave functions of colliding ultrarelativistic nuclei have been numerically computed. We set up the framework for computing the production of small-mass quark-antiquark pairs in these color fields by numerically integrating the Dirac equation. This computation is essential for understanding the conversion of the initial gluonic state to chemically equilibrated quark-gluon plasma. To illustrate and overcome technical difficulties associated with the longitudinal dimension, we first consider numerically the case of one time + one longitudinal space dimension.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures. V2: stylistic modifications to figures, typos corrected, to be published in Phys. Rev. C
Arcyria marginoundulata Nann.
Creators: name: Kryvomaz, Tetiana
name: Michaud, Alain
name: Stephenson, Steven L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Trichiales
Arcyriaceae
Arcyria
Arcyria marginoundulata

description: * Arcyria marginoundulata Nann. -Bremek. & Y. Yamam. (1 MC, 1 loc, 1 ps)
 Loc. 37d La Digue: On bark of living tree Cinnamomum verum, SLS 32354 (MC pH 5.3).
description: Published as part of Kryvomaz, Tetiana, Michaud, Alain & Stephenson, Steven L., 2020, Myxomycete biodiversity on five islands of the Seychelles, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 4851 (2) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4407410
Additional file 1 of Tuberculosis and its association with CD4+ T cell count among adult HIV positive patients in Ethiopian settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Demeke Geremew
name: Mulugeta Melku
name: Aklilu Endalamaw
name: Berhanu Woldu
name: Alebachew Fasil
name: Negash, Markos
name: Habtamu Wondifraw Baynes
name: Habtamu Geremew
name: Takele Teklu
name: Tekalign Deressa
name: Belay Tessema
name: Sack, Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Horticulture sans sol : histoire et actualité
Creators: name: Robin, Paul
name: Robin, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: environment
subject: history
subject: horticulture
subject: nutrition
subject: recirculation
subject: soilless
subject: technical

description: Soilless horticulture is a production tool using mineral solution for the plant nutrition with another substrate or support than soil. The apparition of this agrotechnic at the beginning of the twentieth century is linked with the history of the knowledge in plant mineral nutrition. The first conceptual break between plant and soil is the fact of van Helmont at the beginning of the seventeenth century. Nitre as a nutritive principle was experimented by Glauber in the middle of the same century. The questioning of Woodward in 1699 on the role of small terrestrial particles and salts would be answered firstly by de Saussure in 1804 and then by agricultural chemists during the nineteenth century. Sand culture or solution culture transfer from nutrition research laboratory to horticultural production appears in the twenties in the US with carnation, rose or tomato in a favourable scientific environment. In France in 1938, Truffaut introduces the Gericke’s soilless technic. But isolated exemples and whatever the yield increase with soilless cultivation on inactive or active substrates, the professional horticulturists develop effectively this agrotechnic between 1980 and 1990 after a long time of experimentation by research and extension services between 1965 and 1985. Firstly working with recirculated nutritive solution, this development was the fact of light and practical equipments, of the automation but mainly of the leaching of used solutions. Volumes and mineral contents of these leachings has increased considerably during the fifteen past years. Since 1990, the environmental consequences of this habit raise new concerns and new needs in experimenting recirculation technics. But desinfection is a handicap for recirculation. Technical solutions would be acceptable by vegetable and ornemental horticulturists only if there are minimal plant health hazards and economically optimal solutions. Free of the physical and chemical soil limits, soilless technics must face a growing social and environmental pressure. However, adopting;the soilless technics, being aware of the environmental hazards or demonstrating new acceptable solutions, the history of this agrotechnic shows firstly the links between science, application and society and secondly the weight of time in the transfer from the lab to the field.
Localisation et dynamiques de concentration des productions animales en Europe : état des lieux et facteurs explicatifs
Creators: name: Roguet, Christine
name: Gaigné, Carl
name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Cariou, Sylvain
name: Carlier, Marie
name: Chenut, Romaric
name: Daniel, Karine
name: Perrot, Christophe
name: Roguet, Christine
name: Gaigné, Carl
name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Cariou, Sylvain
name: Carlier, Marie
name: Chenut, Romaric
name: Daniel, Karine
name: Perrot, Christophe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal production
subject: concentration
subject: economies of scale
subject: agglomeration economies
subject: EU

description: This article looks at recent developments (since 2000) of the location of livestock production (milk, beef, pigs and poultry) within the European Union. Using the latest available statistical data at a fine geographical level (NUTS3), an analysis is conducted on the processes of productive specialization and geographical concentration of the territories. The forces that affect these processes are not new and have already been the subject of many works of economists. They mainly concern the comparative advantages, the economies of scale and agglomeration, the quality of industrial and commercial structure. If environmental standards and rural development measures of the Common Agricultural Policy constitute a lever to counteract the strengthening of animal density, their influence is often less than the forces mentioned above. An analysis of the co-location of animal production shows that the denser areas frequently associate dairy cattle, pigs and poultry. The most common binary associations are milk and pork or pork and poultry. Suckler cows tend to be pushed in disadvantaged areas where other livestock are struggling to implement or maintain.
Copper-topotecan complexation : development of a novel liposomal fromulation of topotecan
Creators: name: Taggar, Amandeep S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Previously it has been reported that transition metal complexation reactions can be used as a method to encapsulate the anticancer drug doxorubicin into liposomes. It has also been reported that a therapeutically promising formulation of topotecan could be prepared using methods that relied on encapsulated manganese(II) ions (Mn²⁺) and a divalent cation/proton ionophore A23187. In this formulation, however, it was not clear whether topotecan encapsulation was achieved as a result of an established pH gradient or as a consequence of transition metal cation complexation with topotecan. The studies described here assess the role of transition metal ions in the encapsulation of topotecan into liposome prepared from 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) and cholesterol (CH) (55:45, mole ratio). Liposomes with Mn²⁺, copper(II) (Cu²⁺), zinc(II) (Zn²⁺) or cobalt(II) (Co²⁺) ion gradients (metal inside) were prepared. Subsequently, topotecan was added to the outside of these liposomes (final drug to lipid ratio (mo1:mol) of 0.2) and drug encapsulation was measured as a function of time and temperature. Consistent with previous results, topotecan could be encapsulated into Mn²⁺ -containing liposomes only in the presence of A23187. This result suggested that a transmembrane pH gradient was necessary for topotecan loading. No drug loading was achieved with liposomes containing Co²⁺ or Zn²⁺. However, Cu2²⁺ -containing liposomes, in the presence or absence of an imposed pH gradient, efficiently encapsulated topotecan. It has been reported that Cu²⁺ can form a complex with camptothecin and for this reason the complexation reaction between topotecan and Cu²⁺ was characterized in solution as a function of pH. These studies demonstrated that topotecan inhibited formation of an insoluble copper(II) hydroxide precipitate. Furthermore, analysis of the topotecan loaded liposomes indicated that only the active lactone form of the drug was encapsulated and that the inactive, carboxylate form, could not be encapsulated. Therefore, transition metal ion complexation reactions define a viable methodology to prepare liposomal topotecan formulation.
Constructing Daily Economic Sentiment Indices Based on Google Trends
Creators: name: Eichenauer, Vera
name: Indergand, Ronald
name: Martínez, Isabel Z.
name: Sax, Christoph
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020
Subjects: Google Trends
measurement
high frequency
forecasting
Covid-19

description: KOF Working Papers, 484
Exact time-localized solutions in Vacuum String Field Theory
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Maccaferri, C.
name: Santos, R. J. Scherer
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of finding star algebra projectors that exhibit localized time profiles. We use the double Wick rotation method, starting from an Euclidean (unconventional) lump solution, which is characterized by the Neumann matrix being the conventional one for the continuous spectrum, while the inverse of the conventional one for the discrete spectrum. This is still a solution of the projector equation and we show that, after inverse Wick-rotation, its time profile has the desired localized time dependence. We study it in detail in the low energy regime (field theory limit) and in the extreme high energy regime (tensionless limit) and show its similarities with the rolling tachyon solution.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures. v2: typos corrected, ref added, comment added in last section, to appear on NPB