cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Photoevaporation of Circumstellar Disks around Young Stars
Creators: name: Font, Andreea S.
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Ballantyne, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the ability of photoevaporative disk winds to explain the low-velocity components observed in the forbidden line spectra of low-mass T Tauri stars. Using the analytic model of Shu, Johnstone, & Hollenbach (1993) and Hollenbach et al. (1994) as a basis, we examine the characteristics of photoevaporative outflows with hydrodynamic simulations. General results from the simulations agree well with the analytic predictions, although some small differences are present. Most importantly, the flow of material from the disk surface develops at smaller radii than in the analytic approximations and the flow-velocity from the disk surface is only one-third the sound speed. A detailed presentation of observational consequences of the model is given, including predicted line widths, blue-shifts, and integrated luminosities of observable sulfur and nitrogen emission lines. We demonstrate that these predictions are in agreement with current observational data on the low-velocity forbidden line emission of ionized species from T Tauri stars. This is in contrast with magnetic wind models, which systematically under-predict these forbidden line luminosities. However, the present model cannot easily account for the luminosities of neutral oxygen lines in T Tauri stars.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter from gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry
Creators: name: Abe, Yoshihiko
name: Toma, Takashi
name: Tsumura, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) is an attractive candidate for dark matter since the current severe limits of dark matter direct detection experiments are naturally evaded by its nature. We construct a model with pNGB dark matter based on a {\it gauged} $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry, where no ad-hoc global symmetry is assumed. The model keeps natural suppression mechanism for the dark matter direct detection cross section. On the other hand, the pNGB can decay through the new high scale suppressed operators. We show that the pNGB has long enough lifetime to be a dark matter in the wide range of the parameter space of the model. The thermal relic abundance of pNGB dark matter can be fit with the observed value against the constraints on the dark matter decays from the cosmic-ray observations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, version to appear in JHEP
Duplex sumbawensis Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Duplex
Duplex sumbawensis

description: Duplex sumbawensis Fibiger, new species
(Plate 28, figure 4; Female genit. plate 28, figure 8)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 80, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Phantom Cosmic Dynamics: Tracking Attractor and Cosmic Doomsday
Creators: name: Hao, Jian-gang
name: Li, Xin-zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of phantom model and give the conditions for potentials to admit tracking attractor, de Sitter attractor and big rip attractor. Especially, we show that phantom models with exponential and inverse power law potentials do not admit the tracking attractor solution. The "tachyonic" stability of the system at/near the attractors as well as the quantum stabiltiy have been studied.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; Replaced with the version to be published in Physical Review D. A discussion concerning the quantum stability added
Weak ferromagnetism with very large canting in a chiral lattice: (pyrimidine)2FeCl2
Creators: name: Feyerherm, R.
name: Loose, A.
name: Ishida, T.
name: Nogami, T.
name: Kreitlow, J.
name: Baabe, D.
name: Litterst, F. J.
name: Suellow, S.
name: Klauss, H. -H.
name: Doll, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition metal coordination compound (pyrimidine)2FeCl2 crystallizes in a chiral lattice, space group I 4_1 2 2 (or I4_3 2 2). Combined magnetization, Mossbauer spectroscopy and powder neutron diffraction studies reveal that it is a canted antiferromagnet below T_N = 6.4 K with an unusually large canting of the magnetic moments of 14 deg. from their general antiferromagnetic alignment, one of the largest reported to date. This results in weak ferromagnetism with a ferromagnetic component of 1 mu_B. The large canting is due to the interplay between the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction and the local single-ion anisotropy in the chiral lattice. The magnetically ordered structure of (pyrimidine)2FeCl2, however, is not chiral. The implications of these findings for the search of molecule based materials exhibiting chiral magnetic ordering is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Efficient and affordable thermomagnetic materials for harvesting low grade waste heat
Creators: name: Dzekan, Daniel
name: Waske, Anja
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
name: Fähler, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Industrial processes release substantial quantities of waste heat, which can be harvested to generate electricity. At present, the conversion of low grade waste heat to electricity relies solely on thermoelectric materials, but such materials are expensive and have low thermodynamic efficiencies. Although thermomagnetic materials may offer a promising alternative, their performance remains to be evaluated, thereby hindering their real-world application. Here we evaluate the efficiency and cost effectiveness of thermomagnetic materials that can be used in motors, oscillators and generators for converting waste heat to electricity. Our analysis reveals that up to temperature differences of several 10 K the best thermomagnetic materials outperform thermoelectric materials. Importantly, we find that the price per watt for some thermomagnetic materials are much lower compared to present-day thermoelectrics and can become competitive with conventional power plants. The materials library that we present here enables the selection of the best available thermomagnetic materials for harvesting waste heat and gives guidelines for their future development.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures (incl. 2 Ashby plots)
Supersymmetric Dark Matter and the Extragalactic Gamma Ray Background
Creators: name: Elsaesser, Dominik
name: Mannheim, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We trace the origin of the newly determined extragalactic gamma ray background from EGRET data to an unresolved population of blazars and neutralino annihilation in cold dark matter halos. Using results of high-resolution simulations of cosmic structure formation, we calculate composite spectra and compare with the EGRET data. The resulting best-fit value for the neutralino mass is m_chi = (515 +/- 110/75) GeV (systematic errors \~30%).
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; accepted by Physical Review Letters; replaced with accepted version
An EFT description of galaxy intrinsic alignments
Creators: name: Vlah, Zvonimir
name: Chisari, Nora Elisa
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general perturbative effective field theory (EFT) description of galaxy shape correlations, which are commonly known as intrinsic alignments. This rigorous approach extends current analytical modelling strategies in that it only relies on the equivalence principle. We present our results in terms of three-dimensional statistics for two- and three-point functions of both galaxy shapes and number counts. In case of the two-point function, we recover the well-known linear alignment result at leading order, but also present the full next-to-leading order expressions. In case of the three-point function we present leading order results for all the auto- and cross-correlations of galaxy shapes and densities. We use a spherical tensor basis to decompose the tensor perturbations in different helicity modes, which allows us to make use of isotropy and parity properties in the correlators. Combined with the results on projection presented in a forthcoming companion paper, our framework is directly applicable to accounting for intrinsic alignment contamination in weak lensing surveys, and to extracting cosmological information from intrinsic alignments.
description: 73 pages (41+32), 4 figures
An exact self-similar solution for an expanding ball of radiation
Creators: name: de Leon, J. Ponce
name: Wesson, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an exact solution of the $5D$ Einstein equations which in 4D can be interpreted as a spherically symmetric dissipative distribution of matter, with heat flux, whose effective density and pressure are nonstatic, nonuniform, and satisfy the equation of state of radiation. The matter satisfies the usual energy and thermodynamic conditions. The energy density and temperature are related by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. The solution admits a homothetic Killing vector in $5D$, which induces the existence of self-similar symmetry in 4D, where the line element as well as the dimensionless matter quantities are invariant under a simple "scaling" group.
description: New version expanded and improved. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Fraenkel's Partition and Brown's Decomposition
Creators: name: O'Bryant, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83; 68R15

description: Denote the sequence ([ (n-x') / x ])_{n=1}^\infty by B(x, x'), a so-called Beatty sequence. Fraenkel's Partition Theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for B(x, x') and B(y, y') to tile the positive integers, i.e., for B(x, x') \cap B(y, y') = \emptyset and B(x, x') \cup B(y, y') = {1,2, 3, ...}. Fix 0 < x < 1, and let c_k = 1 if k \in B(x, 0), and c_k = 0 otherwise, i.e., c_k=[ (k+1) / x ] - [ k / x]. For a positive integer m let C_m be the binary word c_1c_2c_3... c_m. Brown's Decomposition gives integers q_1, q_2, ..., independent of m and growing at least exponentially, and integers t, z_0, z_1, z_2, ..., z_t (depending on m) such that C_m = C_{q_t}^{z_t}C_{q_{t-1}}^{z_{t-1}} ... C_{q_1}^{z_1}C_{q_0}^{z_0}. In other words, Brown's Decomposition gives a sparse set of initial segments of C_\infty and an explicit decomposition of C_m (for every m) into a product of these initial segments.
description: 19 pages
Parachrostia yoshimotoi Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Parachrostia
Parachrostia yoshimotoi

description: Parachrostia yoshimotoi Fibiger, new species
(Plate 9, figures 7, 8; plate 20, figure 1; plate 26, figure 4)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 83, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Probing Electron-Electron Interactions with a Quantum Antidot
Creators: name: Bassett, Lee C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the integer quantum Hall (IQH) regime, an antidot provides a finite, controllable `edge' of quantum Hall fluid that is an ideal laboratory for investigating the collective dynamics of large numbers of interacting electrons. Transport measurements of single antidots probe the excitation spectra of the antidot edge, and gate-defined antidot devices offer the flexibility to vary both the antidot's dimensions and its couplings to extended IQH edge modes which serve as leads. We also use the spin-selectivity of the IQH edge modes to perform spin-resolved transport measurements, from which we can infer the antidot spin-structure. This thesis describes a combination of such transport experiments and related computational models designed to investigate the effects of electron-electron interactions in quantum antidots, with general implications for the physics of spin and charge in IQH systems.
description: PhD Thesis; 158 pages, 44 figures
The Dyer-Roeder relation in a universe with particle production
Creators: name: de Campos, M.
name: Souza, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained analytical exact solutions of the Dyer-Roeder equation in a cosmological model where creation of particles occurs at the expenses of the gravitational field. We discussed the influences of inhomogeneities in the path of a light beam on the apparent diameter of astrophysical objects and consider both redshift independent as redshift dependent distributions of the inhomogeneities.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to be published in the Astronomy and Astrophysics Journal
Sub-surface Oxygen and Surface Oxide Formation at Ag(111): A Density-functional Theory Investigation
Creators: name: Li, Wei-Xue
name: Stampfl, Catherine
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To help provide insight into the remarkable catalytic behavior of the oxygen/silver system for heterogeneous oxidation reactions, purely sub-surface oxygen, and structures involving both on-surface and sub-surface oxygen, as well as oxide-like structures at the Ag(111) surface have been studied for a wide range of coverages and adsorption sites using density-functional theory. Adsorption on the surface in fcc sites is energetically favorable for low coverages, while for higher coverage a thin surface-oxide structure is energetically favorable. This structure has been proposed to correspond to the experimentally observed (4x4) phase. With increasing O concentrations, thicker oxide-like structures resembling compressed Ag2O(111) surfaces are energetically favored. Due to the relatively low thermal stability of these structures, and the very low sticking probability of O2 at Ag(111), their formation and observation may require the use of atomic oxygen (or ozone, O3) and low temperatures. We also investigate diffusion of O into the sub-surface region at low coverage (0.11 ML), and the effect of surface Ag vacancies in the adsorption of atomic oxygen and ozone-like species. The present studies, together with our earlier investigations of on-surface and surface-substitutional adsorption, provide a comprehensive picture of the behavior and chemical nature of the interaction of oxygen and Ag(111), as well as of the initial stages of oxide formation.
description: 17 pages including 14 figures, Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html
An Economic Analysis of Ugandan Agricultural Constraints
Creators: name: Komarek, Adam M.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Komarek, Adam M.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Agricultural development
subject: household economics
subject: Ugandan survey
subject: Market access

description: Transaction costs and poor asset endowments appear to be major impediments to small scale agricultural development in Uganda. Reasons for the lack of commercialisation of agriculture, and the barriers to increasing the value of banana crop sales and banana production are the focus of this paper. Using agricultural household economics theory, an empirical analysis based on the Heckman model is unertaken. Data collected through a primary farm survey in three different regions of Uganda form the crux of the analysis. Preliminary findings indicate that transaction costs and production constraints are hindering development, thereby hampering poverty alleviation efforts.
Searching for the possible signal of the photon-axionlike particle oscillation in the combined GeV and TeV spectra of supernova remnants
Creators: name: Xia, Zi-Qing
name: Liang, Yun-Feng
name: Feng, Lei
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Wu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conversion between photons and axionlike particles (ALPs) in the Milky Way magnetic field could result in the detectable oscillation phenomena in $γ$-ray spectra of Galactic sources. In this work, the GeV (Fermi-LAT) and TeV (MAGIC/VERITAS/H.E.S.S.) data of three bright supernova remnants (SNRs, ie. IC443, W51C and W49B) have been adopted together to search such the oscillation effect. Different from our previous analysis of the sole Fermi-LAT data of IC443, we do not find any reliable signal for the photon-ALP oscillation in the joint broadband spectrum of each SNR. The reason for the inconsistence is that in this work we use the latest revision (P8R3) of Fermi-LAT data, updated diffuse emission templates and the new version of the source catalog (4FGL), which lead to some modification of the GeV spectrum of IC443. Then we set constraints on ALP parameters based on the combined analysis of all the three sources. Though these constraints are somewhat weaker than limits from the CAST experiment and globular clusters, they are supportive of and complementary to these other results.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, Accepted into Physical Review D
Methanol production by reversed methylotrophy constructed in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Takeya, Tomoyuki
name: Miyabi Yamakita
name: Hayashi, Daisuke
name: Fujisawa, Kento
name: Sakai, Yasuyoshi
name: Yurimoto, Hiroya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We constructed a reversed methylotrophic pathway that produces methanol, a promising feedstock for production of useful compounds, from fructose 6-phosphate (F6P), which can be supplied by catabolism of biomass-derived sugars including glucose, by a synthetic biology approach. Using Escherichia coli as an expression host, we heterologously expressed genes encoding methanol utilization enzymes from methylotrophic bacteria, i.e. the NAD+-dependent methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) from Bacillus methanolicus S1 and an artificial fusion enzyme of 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase and 6-phospho-3-hexuloisomerase from Mycobacterium gastri MB19 (HPS-PHI). We confirmed that these enzymes can catalyze reverse reactions of methanol oxidation and formaldehyde fixation. The engineered E. coli strain co-expressing MDH and HPS-PHI genes produced methanol in resting cell reactions not only from F6P but also from glucose. We successfully conferred reversed methylotrophy to E. coli and our results provide a proof-of-concept for biological methanol production from biomass-derived sugar compounds. Reversed methylotrophy to produce methanol from glucose or F6P was constructed by introducing MDH and HPS-PHI into E. coli cells.
CAIRNS: The Cluster And Infall Region Nearby Survey II. Environmental Dependence of Infrared Mass-to-Light Ratios
Creators: name: Rines, K.
name: Geller, M. J.
name: Diaferio, A.
name: Kurtz, M. J.
name: Jarrett, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CAIRNS (Cluster And Infall Region Nearby Survey) is a spectroscopic survey of the infall regions surrounding nine nearby rich clusters of galaxies. In Paper I, we used redshifts within $\sim 10\Mpc$ of the centers of the clusters to determine the mass profiles of the clusters based on the phase space distribution of the galaxies. Here, we use 2MASS photometry and an additional \ncziinew redshifts to investigate the environmental dependence of near-infrared mass-to-light ratios. In the virial regions, the halo occupation function is non-linear; the number of bright galaxies per halo increases more slowly than the mass of the halo. On larger scales, the light contained in galaxies is less clustered than the mass in rich clusters. Specifically, the mass-to-light ratio inside the virial radius is a factor of $1.8\pm0.3$ larger than that outside the virial radius. This difference could result from changing fractions of baryonic to total matter or from variations in the efficiency of galaxy formation or disruption with environment. The average mass-to-light ratio $M/L_K = 53\pm 5 h$ implies $Ω_m = 0.18\pm 0.03$ (statistical) using the luminosity density based on 2dFGRS data. These results are difficult to reconcile with independent methods which suggest higher $Ω_m$. Reconciling these values by invoking bias requires that the typical value of $M/L_K$ changes significantly at densities of $\lesssim3ρ_c$.
description: to appear in The Astronomical Journal, September 2004, 46 pages, 25 figures
Parachrostia sugii Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Parachrostia
Parachrostia sugii

description: Parachrostia sugii Fibiger, new species
(Plate 10, figure 1; plate 20, figure 2)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Parachrostia kishidai Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Parachrostia
Parachrostia kishidai

description: Parachrostia kishidai Fibiger, new species
(Plate 10, figure 2; plate 20, figure 3; plate 26, figure 5)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Grazing Policy on Public Lands
Creators: name: Whittlesey, Norman K.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: Butcher, Walter R.
name: Whittlesey, Norman K.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: Butcher, Walter R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Three major problems emerge from the debate about public grazing policy: (1) range land quality continues to deteriorate despite over a half century of federal effort to protect and rehabilitate public lands; (2) current stewardship of public range lands is inconsistent with multiple use management and associated negative environmental impacts flourish; and (3) grazing fees do not reflect the full social costs of providing the forage.
Parachrostia owadai Fibiger 2008, new combination
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Parachrostia
Parachrostia owadai

description: Parachrostia owadai (Sugi, 1982), new combination
(Plate 10, figures 3­5; plate 20, figures 4­5; plate 26, figure 6)
 Mimachrostia owadai Sugi, 1982 in Inoue et al. Moth of Japan. Vol. 1: 893. TL: Japan, [Ryukyus], Okinawa Is, [Kunigami], Yona.
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 86, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Scrambling and Gate Effects in Realistic Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Jiang, Hong
name: Ullmo, Denis
name: Yang, Weitao
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the magnitude of two important mesoscopic effects using a realistic model of typical quantum dots. ``Scrambling'' and ``gate effect'' are defined as the change in the single-particle spectrum due to added electrons or gate-induced shape deformation, respectively. These two effects are investigated systematically in both the self-consistent Kohn-Sham (KS) theory and a Fermi liquid-like Strutinsky approach. We find that the genuine scrambling effect is small because the potential here is smooth. In the KS theory, a key point is the implicit inclusion of residual interactions in the spectrum; these dominate and make scrambling appear larger. Finally, the gate effect is comparable in the two cases and, while small, is able to cause gate-induced spin transitions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Avoiding Boundary Effects in Wang-Landau Sampling
Creators: name: Schulz, B. J.
name: Binder, K.
name: Müller, M.
name: Landau, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple modification of the ``Wang-Landau sampling'' algorithm removes the systematic error that occurs at the boundary of the range of energy over which the random walk takes place in the original algorithm.
description: 3 pages, Latex, 2 Figures
Novel Electronic States in Graphene Ribbons -Competing Spin and Charge Orders-
Creators: name: Yamashiro, Atsushi
name: Shimoi, Yukihiro
name: Harigaya, Kikuo
name: Wakabayashi, Katsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a nanographene ring with zigzag edges, the spin-polarized state and the charge-polarized state are stabilized by the on-site and the nearest neighbor Coulomb repulsions, U and V, respectively, within the extended Hubbard model under the mean field approximation. In a Moebius strip of the nanographene with a zigzag edge, U stabilizes two magnetic states, the domain wall state and the helical state. Both states have ferrimagnetic spins localized along the zigzag edge while the former connects the opposite ferrimagnetic orders resulting in a magnetic frustration forced by the topology and the latter rotates the ferrimagnetic spins uniformly to circumvent the frustration. The helical state is lower in energy than the domain wall state. On the other hand, V stabilizes another domain wall state connecting the opposite charge orders.
description: 4 pages; 5 figures; related Web site: http://staff.aist.go.jp/k.harigaya/index_E.html
Digita biuncus Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Digita
Digita biuncus

description: Digita biuncus Fibiger, new species
(Plate 10, figure 6; plate 21, figures 1, 3; plate 26, figure 7)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 88, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Robust cluster expansion of multicomponent systems using structured sparsity
Creators: name: Leong, Zhidong
name: Tan, Teck Leong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying a suitable set of descriptors for modeling physical systems often utilizes either deep physical insights or statistical methods such as compressed sensing. In statistical learning, a class of methods known as structured sparsity regularization seeks to combine both physics- and statistics-based approaches. Used in bioinformatics to identify genes for the diagnosis of diseases, $\textit{group lasso}$ is a well-known example. Here in physics, we present group lasso as an efficient method for obtaining robust cluster expansions (CE) of multicomponent systems, a popular computational technique for modeling such systems and studying their thermodynamic properties. Via convex optimization, group lasso selects the most predictive set of atomic clusters as descriptors in accordance with the physical insight that if a cluster is selected, so should its subclusters. These selection rules avoid spuriously large fitting parameters by redistributing them among lower order terms, resulting in more physical, accurate, and robust CEs. We showcase these features of group lasso using the CE of bcc ternary alloy Mo-V-Nb. These results are timely given the growing interests in applying CE to increasingly complex systems, which demand a more reliable machine learning methodology to handle the larger parameter space.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. B
Digita ampullai Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Digita
Digita ampullai

description: Digita ampullai Fibiger, new species
(Plate 10, figures 7, 8; plate 21, figure 2)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 89, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Productivity and bioactivity of enokipodins A–D of Flammulina rossica and Flammulina velutipes
Creators: name: Tabuchi, Akiko
name: Fukushima-Sakuno, Emi
name: Osaki-Oka, Kumiko
name: Futamura, Yushi
name: Motoyama, Takayuki
name: Osada, Hiroyuki
name: Ishikawa, Noemia Kazue
name: Nagasawa, Eiji
name: Tokimoto, Keisuke
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Enokipodins are antimicrobial sesquiterpenes produced by Flammulina velutipes in a mycelial culture medium. To date, enokipodin production has not been reported in other members of the genus Flammulina. Hence, in this study, the production of enokipodins A, B, C, and D by F. velutipes and F. rossica was investigated. Some strains of F. rossica were confirmed to produce at least one of the four enokipodins in the culture medium. However, some strains of F. velutipes did not produce any of the enokipodins. In an antibacterial assay using liquid medium, enokipodin B showed the strongest growth inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis among the four types of enokipodins. Enokipodin B inhibited the spore germination of some plant pathogenic fungi. Enokipodins B and D exerted moderate anti-proliferative activity against some cancer cell lines, and enokipodins A and C inhibited the proliferation of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Productivity of enokipodins of some strains of F. velutipes and F. rossica and antibacterial activity of culture filtrate extract against B. subtilis.
The Human Capital Roots of the Middle Income Trap: The Case of China
Creators: name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Yi, Hongmei
name: Luo, Renfu
name: Liu, Changfang
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Yi, Hongmei
name: Luo, Renfu
name: Liu, Changfang
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: China, like other middle income countries, is facing the challenges of the next stage of development as its leaders seek to guide the nation into becoming a high income country. At this same point of development, however, other countries have faltered, raising the possibility of stagnation or collapse. The stagnation of growth after reaching a level of income high enough to be call “middle income” is a phenomenon which some observers call the Middle Income Trap. In this paper we explore one of the major challenges that nations, including China, must face in the transition from middle to high income: the management of inequality. In particular, we explore the possible roots of future inequality that is associated with a nation’s underinvestment in the human capital of broad segments of its population. To meet this goal we first look at several benchmarks of successful transitions from middle to high income (e.g., the case of South Korea) and not-so-successful transitions (Mexico). We then exam more systematically the characteristics of countries that have successfully transitioned (or graduated) from middle to high income (Graduates) and those that are attempting to do so now (Aspirees). With this background, we describe the challenges that China faces in the light of rising wage rates and highly unequal income distribution today. We also document the high levels of human capital inequality in China today, a harbinger of high future inequality. In discussing the sources of the human capital inequality, in addition to the structural and institutional barriers that are discouraging many students (and their parents) from staying in school to achieve the levels of learning that we believe are necessary for preparing individuals for employment in the coming decades, we also identify severe nutritional and health problems. We believe that these nutrition and health problems, unless addressed, are creating serious China’s human capital deficiencies in poor areas of rural China and locking in decades of hard-to-address inequality. The paper ends with a call for leaders in China (and countries at the same level of income of China) to launch immediately a war on poor education, health and nutrition as one step in helping such nations avoid the Middle Income Trap in the future.
Remarks on gauge fixing and BRST quantization of noncommutative gauge theories
Creators: name: Amorim, Ricardo
name: Boschi-Filho, Henrique
name: Braga, Nelson R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the BRST gauge fixing procedure of the noncommutative Yang-Mills theory and of the gauged U(N) Proca model. An extended Seiberg-Witten map involving ghosts, antighosts and auxiliary fields for non Abelian gauge theories is studied. We find that the extended map behaves differently for these models. For the Yang-Mills theory in the Lorentz gauge it was not possible to find a map that relates the gauge conditions in the noncommutative and ordinary theories. For the gauged Proca model we found a particular map relating the unitary gauge fixings in both formulations.
description: 8 pages, no figures. In this revised version, we included the explicit Seiberg Witten maps for antighost and auxiliary fields. We used this expressions to show that it is not possible to relate the Lorentz gauge in noncommutative and ordinary YM theories by the SW map, as claimed in the previous version
Anellus edai Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Anellus
Anellus edai

description: Anellus edai Fibiger, new species
(Plate 11, figures 1, 2; plate 21, figure 4; plate 26, figure 8)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 92, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Changes in the Field of Translation Project Management: Findings of a Longitudinal Ethnographic Study
Creators: name: Risku, Hanna
name: Milosevic, Jelena
name: Rogl, Regina
Publisher: name: University of Vienna. Centre for Translation Studies
Year: 2019
Subjects: translation project management
translation processes
challenges in the translation workplace
translation studies
translator studies

description: This working paper presents a longitudinal field study focused on changes in the field of translation project management. The study was carried out in an Austrian translation agency where we observed the translation processes and interviewed the employees and management staff in 2001, 2007 and 2014. We describe the theoretical background, the methods and the results of the comparison of the data from the three data collection points relating to the observed translation processes and challenges in the translation workplace, and the way the study participants thought and felt about these challenges.
Diffuse Gamma Rays: Galactic and Extragalactic Diffuse Emission
Creators: name: Moskalenko, I. V.
name: Strong, A. W.
name: Reimer, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Diffuse" gamma rays consist of several components: truly diffuse emission from the interstellar medium, the extragalactic background, whose origin is not firmly established yet, and the contribution from unresolved and faint Galactic point sources. One approach to unravel these components is to study the diffuse emission from the interstellar medium, which traces the interactions of high energy particles with interstellar gas and radiation fields. Because of its origin such emission is potentially able to reveal much about the sources and propagation of cosmic rays. The extragalactic background, if reliably determined, can be used in cosmological and blazar studies. Studying the derived "average" spectrum of faint Galactic sources may be able to give a clue to the nature of the emitting objects.
description: 32 pages, 28 figures, kapproc.cls. Chapter to the book "Cosmic Gamma-Ray Sources," to be published by Kluwer ASSL Series, Edited by K. S. Cheng and G. E. Romero. More details can be found at http://www.gamma.mpe-garching.mpg.de/~aws/aws.html
Oncological outcomes of radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial neoplasia in Denmark
Creators: name: Nessn H. Azawi
name: Næraa, Sara Haunstrup
name: Subhi, Yousif
name: Vásquez, Juan Luis
name: Norus, Thomas
name: Dahl, Claus
name: Thind, Peter
name: Jensen, Jørgen Bjerggaard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Objective: To report the oncological outcomes of radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial neoplasia in a large study sample. Materials and methods: This was a nationwide multicenter registry-based cohort study of all patients with upper urinary tract urothelial neoplasia in Denmark found to be eligible for nephroureterectomy between April 2004 and April 2017 (N = 1384). Primary endpoints were intravesical recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Survival probabilities were estimated with Kaplan–Meier and the log-rank test to compare survival curves. Association with clinical outcomes was studied using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards. Results: Intravesical recurrence-free survival was 72% [95% confidence interval (CI) 69–75%] at 5 years and 70% (95% CI 67–73%) at 10 years. Patients with muscle-invasive disease had a significantly lower rate of intravesical recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.46, p p = 0.001). The overall survival was 76% (95% CI 74–79%) at 5 years and 64% (95% CI 60–70%) at 10 years. Patients with higher age (p = 0.008) and muscle-invasive disease (p p p = 0.02). Conclusions: We report the oncological outcomes of radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial neoplasia in a large sample and give insights into predictive factors with significant impact.
Hopf Algebroid Symmetry of Abstract Frobenius Extensions of Depth 2
Creators: name: B"ohm, Gabriella
name: Szlach'anyi, Korn'el
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30

description: We study Frobenius 1-morphisms $ı$ in an additive bicategory $\c$ satisfying the depth 2 condition. We show that the 2-endomorphism rings $\c^2(ı\x\ib,ı\x\ib)$ and $\c^2(\ib\xı,\ib\xı)$ can be equipped with dual Hopf algebroid structures. We prove also that a Hopf algebroid appears as the solution of the above abstract symmetry problem if and only if it possesses a two sided non-degenerate integral.
description: 23 pages LaTeX2e file with 25 small figures
AddNet: Deep Neural Networks Using FPGA-Optimized Multipliers
Creators: name: Faraone, Julian
name: Kumm, Martin
name: Hardieck, Martin
name: Zipf, Peter
name: Liu, Xueyuan
name: Boland, David
name: Leong, Philip H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low-precision arithmetic operations to accelerate deep-learning applications on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been studied extensively, because they offer the potential to save silicon area or increase throughput. However, these benefits come at the cost of a decrease in accuracy. In this article, we demonstrate that reconfigurable constant coefficient multipliers (RCCMs) offer a better alternative for saving the silicon area than utilizing low-precision arithmetic. RCCMs multiply input values by a restricted choice of coefficients using only adders, subtractors, bit shifts, and multiplexers (MUXes), meaning that they can be heavily optimized for FPGAs. We propose a family of RCCMs tailored to FPGA logic elements to ensure their efficient utilization. To minimize information loss from quantization, we then develop novel training techniques that map the possible coefficient representations of the RCCMs to neural network weight parameter distributions. This enables the usage of the RCCMs in hardware, while maintaining high accuracy. We demonstrate the benefits of these techniques using AlexNet, ResNet-18, and ResNet-50 networks. The resulting implementations achieve up to 50% resource savings over traditional 8-bit quantized networks, translating to significant speedups and power savings. Our RCCM with the lowest resource requirements exceeds 6-bit fixed point accuracy, while all other implementations with RCCMs achieve at least similar accuracy to an 8-bit uniformly quantized design, while achieving significant resource savings.
description: 14 pages
Enhanced $\mathcal{P,T}$-violating nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment effects in laser-coolable molecules
Creators: name: Denis, Malika
name: Hao, Yongliang
name: Eliav, Ephraim
name: Hutzler, Nicholas R.
name: Nayak, Malaya K.
name: Timmermans, Rob G. E.
name: Borschesvky, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear magnetic quadrupole moments (MQMs), like intrinsic electric dipole moments of elementary particles, violate both parity and time-reversal symmetry and therefore probe physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. We report on accurate relativistic coupled cluster calculations of the nuclear MQM interaction constants in BaF, YbF, BaOH, and YbOH. We elaborate on estimates of the uncertainty of our results. The implications of experiments searching for nonzero nuclear MQMs are discussed.
Bandgaps in the propagation and scattering of surface water waves over cylindrical steps
Creators: name: Chen, Liang-Shan
name: Guo, Chao-Hsien
name: Ye, Zhen
name: Sun, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we investigate the propagation and scattering of surface water waves by arrays of bottom-mounted cylindrical steps. Both periodic and random arrangements of the steps are considered. The wave transmission through the arrays is computed using the multiple scattering method based upon a recently derived formulation. For the periodic case, the results are compared to the band structure calculation. We demonstrate that complete band gaps can be obtained in such a system. Furthermore, we show that the randomization of the location of the steps can significantly reduce the transmission of water waves. Comparison with other systems is also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Infrared conductivity of a one-dimensional charge-ordered state: quantum lattice effects
Creators: name: Perroni, C. A.
name: Cataudella, V.
name: De Filippis, G.
name: Iadonisi, G.
name: Ramaglia, V. Marigliano
name: Ventriglia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of the charge-ordering ($CO$) phase of the one-dimensional (1D) half-filled spinless Holstein model are derived at zero temperature within a well-known variational approach improved including second-order lattice fluctuations. Within the $CO$ phase, the static lattice distortions give rise to the optical interband gap, that broadens as the strength of the electron-phonon ($el-ph$) interaction increases. The lattice fluctuation effects induce a long subgap tail in the infrared conductivity and a wide band above the gap energy. The first term is due to the multi-phonon emission by the charge carriers, the second to the interband transitions accompanied by the multi-phonon scattering. The results show a good agreement with experimental spectra.
description: 5 figures
Taiwani yoshimotoi Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Taiwani
Taiwani yoshimotoi

description: Taiwani yoshimotoi Fibiger, new species
(Plate 11, figure 3; plate 21, figure 5)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 94, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738