Thraulodes luisae Souto, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Souto, Paula Malaquias
name: Da-Silva, Elidiomar Ribeiro
name: Nessimian, Jorge Luiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Thraulodes
Thraulodes luisae

description: Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. Souto, Da-Silva & Nessimian
Diagnosis. Imago: 1) forewings with 2 or 3 weakly marked cross veins basal to bullae (Fig. 5); 2) costal and subcostal areas white on apical third; 3) femora of forelegs with an apical transversal band brown heavily marked and one submedian macula (Fig. 7); 4) abdominal color pattern as in Figures 1 and 2, with terga I–VI translucent whitish, terga II–VI with a pair of submedian spots, a pair of midway spots and a pair of stigmatic dots; 5) styliger plate triangular possessing median projection short with narrow base and rounded apex (Fig. 8); 6) penes short and wide with lateral pouch present and apicolateral rounded with ear-like projection, penes spines short with robust base, tapering to apex (Fig. 9).
Male imago (Holotype): Length of body: 7.3 mm; forewings: 9.0 mm.; hind wings: 1.9 mm. General color reddish brown with white stained areas. Wings translucent.
Head (Figs. 1, 2): White with some dark brown, light brown and reddish brown regions. Scapes yellow, pedicels dark brown, flagella yellow. Ocelli white, surrounded by a dark brown ring at base; yellow region between ocelli. Eyes black, turbinate portion orangish brown.
Thorax (Figs. 1, 2): Pronotum light brown, with suture and lateral area brown; meso- and metanotum brown with posterior margin white. Pro- and mesosternum light brown tinged with white; metasternum brown with median region darker.
Legs (Fig. 7): All legs with coxae yellow, with white areas; femora yellow, with a strongly marked apical brown band, and a submedian dark brown maculae; tibia and tarsi light brown; claws brown.
Wings (Figs. 5, 6): Membrane of wings hyaline with dark brown stain at base. Membrane between C and Sc of forewings white on apical third. Forewings with 2 cross veins weakly marked basal and 7 distal to bullae.
Abdomen (Figs. 1, 2): Terga I–VI translucent white; terga VII–X reddish brown with lateral areas white; terga II–VI with a pair of submedian spots, a pair of midway spots and a pair of stigmatic dots, all heavily marked; terga VI–IX with a dark oblique lateral streak; tergum VII with anterior region translucent, forming two circles. Sternites I, II and IV–VII with one central spot. Caudal filaments yellowish white, with dark annulations, alternating one wide and one narrow.
Genitalia (Figs. 8, 9): Styliger plate triangular, white, with posterior median projection short, less than 1/3 of penes length, with narrow base and rounded apex. Forceps white, with strong constriction below the middle of segment I. Penes short and wide with lateral pouch present, and apicolateral rounded with ear-like projection; recurved fold heavily marked; penes spines short, with 0.8x the width of penes base, with base robust, tapering to apex.
Variation: One specimen presented forewings with 3 cross veins basal to bullae. The difference in size between all male imagos ranged a few micrometers.
Female imago: Length: 7.1–8.2 mm body; forewings: 10–10.8 mm; hind wings: 0.17–0.18 mm. General color brown shaded with dark brown and with some areas white. Wings translucent.
Head: Yellowish white with brown area between the eyes. Scapes light brown; pedicels dark brown (flagella broken and lost). Ocelli white surrounding by a dark ring. Eyes black.
Thorax: Nota surrounding by white areas. Pronotum brown with a white band on external margin; mesonotum light brown shaded with brown; metanotum brown with median area and lateral and posterior margins white. Sterna similar to male imago.
Legs: Forelegs broken and lost. Median and posterior legs similar to male imago.
Wings: Membrane of wings hyaline with dark brown stain at base; veins yellow. Membrane between C and Sc of forewings white on apical third. Forewings with 2–3 cross veins weakly marked basal and 7 distal to bullae.
Abdomen: Terga brown with black marks. Tergum I completely stained in black; terga II–IV with dorsal black mark; terga II–VI with a pair of midway black spots and a pair of stigmatic black dots; terga VI–VIII with a pair of submedian black dashes; terga VII–X brown with some areas white. Sterna with 6 central spot, varying the presence in which sternites. Sternum X apex with a U-shape cleft. Caudal filaments lost.
Subimagos and nymphs: Unknown.
Type material. Brazil, São Paulo State: Holotype: São José do Barreiro, Lajeado, Cachoeira do Paredão, 22° 43' 33,3'' S / 44° 37' 17,6'' W, 1.540 m, 11.XII.2011, Souto, P.M., Henriques-Oliveira, A.L., Jardim, G.A., Dumas, L.L. & Nessimian, J.L. leg., 1 male imago (DZRJ 2382); Paratypes: Same data, 6 male imagos (DZRJ 2383); Same data, 3 female imagos (DZRJ 2384).
Biology. The specimens of the new species were collected at an altitude of 1,540 m, flying in the summer after dusk.
Etymology. In memoriam of Luísa Pinho Sartori, student and friend, who was ephemeral in our lives.
Discussion. Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. resembles the recently published T. bonito Gonçalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2013 in having a triangular styliger plate and a short and broad penes with lateral pouch present. Nevertheless, imagos of Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. can be distinguished from T. bonito by: 1) the abdominal color pattern, particularly the pair of submedian spots heavily marked on terga II–VI; 2) one band and one maculae on femora, while T. bonito has just one apical band weakly marked; 3) recurved fold heavily marked, while subtly marked in T. bonito; 4) posterior median projection shorter than T. bonito. Furthermore, unlike Thraulodes pinga sp. nov. and Thraulodes bonito, Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. does not have several short setae at inner margin of segment I of forceps.
The new species also resembles T. pelicanus Mariano & Froehlich, 2011 due to the abdomen color pattern. However, imagos of Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. can be distinguished from T. pelicanus by femora with one band and one maculae, styliger plate triangular with posterior median projection short, with narrow base and rounded apex, forewings with 2 or 3 cross veins weakly marked basal to bullae.
description: Published as part of Souto, Paula Malaquias, Da-Silva, Elidiomar Ribeiro & Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, 2014, Two new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Southeast Brazil, pp. 571-578 in Zootaxa 3760 (4) on pages 572-575, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3760.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/230710