cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Redesign Procedure to Manufacture Adaptive Façades with Standard Products
Creators: name: Başarır, Bahar
name: Altun, Cem Mehmet
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Although their potential for high environmental performance is largely accepted, adaptive façades have not yet become widespread in practice. Most of the current examples are developed by engineer-to-order design processes, as project-oriented, custom, and complex solutions. More simple and reliable solutions are needed to support the reuse of technical solutions between projects and increase the feasibility of adaptive façades. Therefore, this research aims to develop a procedure to design adaptive façades whose parts are based on engineered standard products with the least number of parts and layers. The research is initiated through the generation of concepts for designing adaptive façades to be manufactured using standard products. From several concepts, ‘redesigning dynamic adaptive façades’ has been selected for further investigation, as it pursues the goals for a solution determined for this research. A preliminary case study is conducted to redesign an adaptive façade to be manufactured with standard products. Its process steps are captured and analysed, and the steps that need improvement are revealed. To systematise and improve the captured redesign process, façade design and product design methodologies are analysed in the context of adaptive façade design. Redesign and reverse engineering processes used in product design are adapted and merged with façade and adaptive façade design processes, and a 5-phase adaptive façade redesign procedure is outlined. Each phase is developed based on mature tools and methods used in product and façade design. An iterative loop of development, application test, and review process is carried out for development of the process steps. Thus, a redesign procedure is generated by the combined application of DFMA and TRIZ in the synthesis of reverse engineering and redesign processes. Consequently, the application of the redesign procedure is demonstrated through a case study. The case study revealed that the procedure has the ability to generate a façade redesign that has a higher constructability index than the reference façade.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
Local structure of the set of steady-state solutions to the 2D incompressible Euler equations
Creators: name: Choffrut, Antoine
name: Šverák, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that the incompressible Euler equations can be formulated in a very geometric language. The geometric structures provide very valuable insights into the properties of the solutions. Analogies with the finite-dimensional model of geodesics on a Lie group with left-invariant metric can be very instructive, but it is often difficult to prove analogues of finite-dimensional results in the infinite-dimensional setting of Euler's equations. In this paper we establish a result in this direction in the simple case of steady-state solutions in two dimensions, under some non-degeneracy assumptions. In particular, we establish, in a non-degenerate situation, a local one-to-one correspondence between steady-states and co-adjoint orbits.
description: 81 pages
Thermal assessment of glass facade panels under radiant heating - Experimental and preliminary numerical studies
Creators: name: Bedon, Chiara
name: Kozlowski, Marcin
name: Honfi, Daniel
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Nowadays, glass is increasingly being used as a load-bearing material for structural components in buildings and façades. Different structural member solutions (such as panels, beams, columns) and loading conditions were the subjects of several research studies in recent years. Most of them, however, were typically limited to experimental testing and numerical simulations on glass elements and assemblies at room temperature. Thermo-mechanical investigations, inclusive of the temperature-dependent behaviour of visco-elastic interlayers used in laminated glass solutions, as well as the typical thermo-mechanical degradation of glass properties in line with temperature increase, in this regard, are still limited. Such an aspect can be particularly important for adaptive façades, in which the continuous variation of thermal and mechanical boundary conditions should be properly taken into account at all the design stages, as well as during the lifetime of a constructed facility. Given the key role that thermo-mechanical studies of glazing systems can pe use of glass in façades, this paper focuses on Finite Element (FE) numerical modelling of monolithic and laminated glass panels exposed to radiant heating, by taking advantage of past experimental investigations. In the study discussed herein, being representative of some major outcomes of a more extended research project, one-dimensional (1D) FE models are used to reproduce the thermal behaviour of selected glass specimens under radiant heating, as observed in the past experiments. Given the high computational efficiency but very basic assumptions of 1D assemblies, a critical discussion of experimental-to-numerical comparisons is then proposed for a selection of specimens.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
Oxidative stress and adverse cardiovascular effects among professional divers in Egypt
Creators: name: Salah, Hanie
name: El-Gazzar, Ragaa M.
name: El-Wahab, Ekram W. Abd
name: Charl, Fahmy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Professional divers are exposed to unique multifactorial hazards in their working environment and adverse cardiovascular effects such as ischemia, arrhythmia, stroke, and death are associated with professional diving. Cardiovascular events are aggravated by diving-induced oxidative stress and account for one-fourth of diving fatalities. This study aimed to measure oxidative and cardiovascular stress in a group of professional divers in Alexandria, Egypt using a panel of biomarkers. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2017 and May 2018 at the General Naval Hospital in Alexandria. A total of 50 professional divers and a comparison group of 50 marine seafarers sharing similar maritime environments were enrolled in the study. Participants were clinically evaluated by electrocardiography (ECG) and plasma measurement of trace metals (Fe+, Cu+, and Zn+), electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca+), and oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBMs; MDA, TAS, GST, GSH, GR, GPx, SOD, and CAT). Significant ECG abnormalities including short corrected QT interval, sinus bradycardia, left ventricular hypertrophy, early repolarization, first-degree heart block, and intraventricular conduction defect were identified among divers. Biochemical analyses revealed high mean levels of FBG [89.0 ± 12.46 vs. 100.5 ± 29.03 mg/dl], LDH-C [41.46 ± 4.01 vs. 39.34 ± 4.34 mg/dl], electrolyte imbalance [higher Na+ (9.44 ± 0.52 vs. 9.19 ± 0.60 mmol/L), and lower Ca+ (141.72 ± 3.53 and 143.26 ± 3.99 mmol/L)], disturbed trace metals [Fe+ and Zn+ (101.1 ± 38.17 vs. 147.6 ± 38.08 and 85.52 ± 27.37 vs. 116.6 ± 21.95 µm/dl, respectively), higher Cu+ (271.3 ± 75.01 vs. 100.8 ± 30.20 µm/dl)], and higher OSBMs (high MDA and reduced CAT, GPx, GSH, GR, and GST enzyme levels) among professional divers compared to the marine seafarers (t-test p < 0.05). Oxidative stress and trace metal imbalance are associated with the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease; this association, together with electrophysiological changes of ECG may serve as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk assessment in diver periodic medical examinations.
Possibilities and Challenges of Different Experimental Techniques for Airflow Characterisation in the Air Cavities of Façades
Creators: name: Giancola, Emanuela
name: Sánchez, M. Nuria
name: Friedrich, Matthias
name: Kalyanova Larsen, Olena
name: Nocente, Alessandro
name: Avesani, Stefano
name: Babich, Francesco
name: Goia, Francesco
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Ventilated façades are applied in both new and existing buildings. It has been claimed that these components help to reduce energy use in buildings and improve occupant comfort. However, their performance strongly depends on the airflow passing through the cavity. In order to characterise and to model the behaviour of the ventilation and its effectiveness, the components need to be tested in the laboratory, as well as under real dynamic weather conditions. Despite the steadily growing research in this area, there are few studies with conclusive results about the reliability of existing experimental procedures for characterisation of airflow in the ventilated cavities. The aim of this paper is to describe and review recent state of the art experimental assessments for the airflow characterisation in ventilated cavities. The paper starts with a short introduction on the potentialities and limitations of different experimental methodologies, and continues with a detailed classification and description of the most relevant monitoring techniques for airflow in air cavities of façades that have been developed in recent years.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
Novel functions of B7-H4 in β cell physiology and stress response
Creators: name: Sun, Annika C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Stress-induced failure and death of pancreatic β-cells are integral steps in the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Better understanding of the molecular interactions that influence β-cell function and stress signaling may therefore identify therapeutic targets to protect endogenous β-cells or transplanted islet grafts. B7-H4 is a negative co-stimulatory molecule that is expressed on the cell membranes of antigen presenting cells and down-regulates the immune response. Interestingly, pancreatic β-cells also express high levels of B7-H4 mRNA and moderate levels of B7-H4 protein. Of note, various tumor cells have up-regulated levels of B7-H4, which has been linked to metabolic and anti-apoptotic effects. This raises the intriguing possibility that B7-H4 may also regulate β-cell function, stress signaling, and survival independent of immune-regulation. In this study, we used mice with β-cell-specific overexpression of B7-H4, as well as B7-H4 knockout mice to examine the possible roles of B7-H4 in β-cell physiology and responses to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Cytosolic Ca²+ imaging showed that B7-H4 transgenic islets had increased sensitivity to sub-maximal glucose stimulation. Additional experiments indicated no differences in ER Ca²+ uptake/release or glucose metabolism, but revealed that B7-H4 transgenic islets are sensitized to tolbutamide and are resistant to diazoxide, suggesting changes at the ATP-sensitive potassium channels. The B7-H4-induced amplification of glucose-stimulated Ca²+ did not translate into detectable differences in in vitro insulin secretion or in vivo glucose tolerance, suggesting secondary control between rise in intracellular calcium and exocytosis of insulin granules. ER stress was induced in vitro using thapsigargin, and gene expressions were compared by real time quantitative PCR. Moderate ER stress induced the expression of key unfolded protein response genes, BiP, CHOP, and XBP1s to significantly higher levels in B7-H4 transgenic islets compared with wild type. However, the death of dispersed B7-H4 and wild type islet-cells did not differ following more severe and prolonged ER stress. Together, our findings demonstrate that over-expression of B7-H4 amplifies β-cell glucose-stimulated Ca²+ responses and the unfolded protein response during ER stress, revealing novel roles for B7-H4 in the pancreatic β-cell.
Smart and Multifunctional Materials and their possible application in façade systems
Creators: name: Juaristi, Miren
name: Monge-Barrio, Aurora
name: Knaack, Ulrich
name: Gómez-Acebo, Tomás
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Today’s society needs to face challenging targets relating to environment and energy efficiency, and therefore the development of efficient façade systems is essential. Innovative concepts such as Adaptive Building Façades might play a role in the near future, as their dynamic behaviour could optimise the performance of a building. For their successful development, a balance between sophistication and benefit is necessary and the implementation of Smart and Multifunctional Materials in building envelopes could be the key, as they have the ability to repeatedly and reversibly change some of their functions, features, or behaviours over time in response to environmental conditions. However, these materials were predominantly developed for use in other fields, and there is a lack of specific technical information to evaluate their usefulness in façade engineering. The aim of this paper is to collect the critical information about promising responsive materials for use in the design of Adaptive Façades, in order to help designers and technicians in decision-making processes and to scope possible future applications in façades. Investigated materials were analysed from the Building Science standpoint; their weaknesses and threats in the built environment were highlighted, and their technical feasibility was examined through the study of their availability in the current market.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
The temperature of hot gas halos of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Pellegrini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the temperature T and luminosity L_X of the hot gas halos of early type galaxies have been derived with unprecedented accuracy from Chandra data, for 30 galaxies covering a wider range of galactic luminosity (and central velocity dispersion sigma_c) than before. This work investigates the origin of the observed temperatures, by examining the relationship between them and the galaxy structure, the gas heating due to Type Ia supernovae (SNIa's) and the gravitational potential, and the dynamical status of the gas flow. In galaxies with sigma_c<200 km/s, the T's are close to a fiducial average temperature for the gas when in outflow; at 200
description: 16 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
Strong convergence of parabolic rate $1$ of discretisations of stochastic Allen-Cahn-type equations
Creators: name: Gerencsér, Máté
name: Singh, Harprit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H35, 60H15

description: Consider the approximation of stochastic Allen-Cahn-type equations (i.e. $1+1$-dimensional space-time white noise-driven stochastic PDEs with polynomial nonlinearities $F$ such that $F(\pm \infty)=\mp \infty$) by a fully discrete space-time explicit finite difference scheme. The consensus in literature, supported by rigorous lower bounds, is that strong convergence rate $1/2$ with respect to the parabolic grid meshsize is expected to be optimal. We show that one can reach almost sure convergence rate $1$ (and no better) when measuring the error in appropriate negative Besov norms, by temporarily `pretending' that the SPDE is singular.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures
Universal infrared conductivity of graphite
Creators: name: Falkovsky, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductivity of graphite is analytically evaluated in the range of 0.1-1.5 eV, where the electron relaxation processes can be neglected, and the low energy excitations at the "Dirac" points are most essential. The value of conductivity calculated per one graphite layer is close to the universal conductivity of graphene. The features of the conductivity are explained in terms of singularities of the electron dispersion in graphite.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Origin and fate of the pseudogap in the doped Hubbard model
Creators: name: Simkovic, Fedor
name: Rossi, Riccardo
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Ferrero, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model at finite temperature using controlled diagrammatic Monte Carlo calculations allowing for the computation of spectral properties in the infinite-size limit and, crucially, with arbitrary momentum resolution. We show that three distinct regimes are found as a function of doping and interaction strength, corresponding to a weakly correlated metal with properties close to those of the non-interacting system, a correlated metal with strong interaction effects including a reshaping of the Fermi surface, and a pseudogap regime at low doping in which quasiparticle excitations are selectively destroyed near the antinodal regions of momentum space. We study the physical mechanism leading to the pseudogap and show that it forms both at weak coupling when the magnetic correlation length is large and at strong coupling when it is shorter. In both cases, we show that spin-fluctuation theory can be modified in order to account for the behavior of the non-local component of the self-energy. We discuss the fate of the pseudogap as temperature goes to zero and show that, remarkably, this regime extrapolates precisely to the ordered stripe phase found by ground-state methods. This handshake between finite temperature and ground-state results significantly advances the elaboration of a comprehensive picture of the physics of the doped Hubbard model.
Ultra-thin PbS sheets by two-dimensional oriented attachment
Creators: name: Schliehe, Constanze
name: Juarez, Beatriz H.
name: Pelletier, Marie
name: Jander, Sebastian
name: Greshnykh, Denis
name: Nagel, Mona
name: Meyer, Andreas
name: Foerster, Stephan
name: Kornowski, Andreas
name: Klinke, Christian
name: Weller, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling anisotropy is a key concept to generate complex functionality in advanced materials. For this, oriented attachment of nanocrystal building blocks, a self assembly of particles into larger single crystalline objects, is one of the most promising approaches in nanotechnology. We report here the 2D oriented attachment of PbS nanocrystals into ultra-thin single crystal sheets with dimensions on the micrometer scale. We found that this process is initiated by co-solvents which alter nucleation and growth rates during the primary nanocrystal formation and finally driven by dense packing of oleic acid ligands on {100} facets of PbS. The obtained nanosheets can be readily integrated in a photo-detector device without further treatment.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Are Galaxy Clusters Suggesting an Accelerating Universe?
Creators: name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: Holanda, R. F. L.
name: Cunha, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present cosmic accelerating stage is discussed through a new kinematic method based on the Sunyaev- Zel'dovich effect (SZE) and X-ray surface brightness data from galaxy clusters. By using the SZE/X-ray data from 38 galaxy clusters in the redshift range $0.14 \leq z \leq 0.89 $ [Bonamente et al., Astrop. J. {\bf 647}, 25 (2006)] it is found that the present Universe is accelerating and that the transition from an earlier decelerating to a late time accelerating regime is relatively recent. The ability of the ongoing Planck satellite mission to obtain tighter constraints on the expansion history through SZE/X-ray angular diameters is also discussed. Our results are fully independent on the validity of any metric gravity theory, the possible matter- energy contents filling the Universe, as well as on the SNe Ia Hubble diagram from which the presenting accelerating stage was inferred.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, AIP Conf. Proc. Invisible Universe: Proceedings of the Conference
Possibilities and constraints for the widespread application of solar cooling integrated façades
Creators: name: Prieto, Alejandro
name: Knaack, Ulrich
name: Klein, Tillmann
name: Auer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Cooling demands in buildings have drastically increased in the last decades and will follow that trend in the near future, due to increasing standards of life and global climate change among the most relevant factors. Besides energy consumption, the use of refrigerants in common vapor compression cooling technologies is a source of concern for their environmental impact. Hence, there is a need to decrease cooling demands in buildings while looking for alternative clean technologies to take over the remaining loads. Solar cooling systems have gained increased attention these last years, for its potential to lower indoor temperatures using renewable energy, under environmentally friendly cooling processes. Nonetheless, their potential for building integration has not been fully explored, with the exemption of scattered prototypes and concepts. This paper aims to address these knowledge gaps by presenting the results of the PhD research project ‘COOLFACADE: Architectural integration of solar technologies in the building envelope’. The research project explored the possibilities and constraints for architectural integration of solar cooling strategies in façades, in order to support the design of climate responsive architectural products for office buildings, driven by renewable energy sources. The paper explores different aspects related to façade integration and solar cooling technologies, in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of current possibilities for façade integration; while drafting recommendations based on identified barriers and bottlenecks at different levels.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
A Note on Regularity for the n-dimensional H-System assuming logarithmic higher Integrability
Creators: name: Schikorra, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E20, 35B65, 35J60, 35S05

description: We prove Holder continuity for solutions to the n-dimensional H-System assuming logarithmic higher integrability of the solution.
Ab Initio Second-Order Nonlinear Optics in Solids: Second-Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy from Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
Creators: name: Luppi, Eleonora
name: Hübener, Hannes
name: Véniard, Valérie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in detail the formulation of the ab initio theory we have developed for the calculation of the macroscopic second-order susceptibility $χ^{(2)}$. We find a general expression for $χ^{(2)}$ valid for any fields, containing the ab initio relation between the \textit{microscopic} and \textit{macroscopic} formulation of the second-order responses. We consider the long wavelength limit and we develop our theory in the Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory framework. This allows us to include straightforwardly many-body effects such as crystal local-field and excitonic effects. We compute the Second-Harmonic Generation spectra for the cubic semiconductors SiC, AlAs and GaAs and starting from the Independent-Particle Approximation for $χ^{(2)}$, we include quasiparticle effects via the scissors operator, crystal local-field and excitonic effects. In particular, we consider two different types of kernels: the ALDA and the "long-range" kernel. We find good agreement with other theoretical calculations and experiments presented in literature, showing the importance of very accurate description of the many-body interactions.
A Study on Performance Analysis Tools for Applications Running on Large Distributed Systems
Creators: name: De Sarkar, Ajanta
name: Mukherjee, Nandini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The evolution of distributed architectures and programming paradigms for performance-oriented program development, challenge the state-of-the-art technology for performance tools. The area of high performance computing is rapidly expanding from single parallel systems to clusters and grids of heterogeneous sequential and parallel systems. Performance analysis and tuning applications is becoming crucial because it is hardly possible to otherwise achieve the optimum performance of any application. The objective of this paper is to study the state-of-the-art technology of the existing performance tools for distributed systems. The paper surveys some representative tools from different aspects in order to highlight the approaches and technologies used by them.
Quantum theory in finite dimension cannot explain every general process with finite memory
Creators: name: Fanizza, Marco
name: Lumbreras, Josep
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Arguably, the largest class of stochastic processes generated by means of a finite memory consists of those that are sequences of observations produced by sequential measurements in a suitable generalized probabilistic theory (GPT). These are constructed from a finite-dimensional memory evolving under a set of possible linear maps, and with probabilities of outcomes determined by linear functions of the memory state. Examples of such models are given by classical hidden Markov processes, where the memory state is a probability distribution, and at each step it evolves according to a non-negative matrix, and hidden quantum Markov processes, where the memory state is a finite dimensional quantum state, and at each step it evolves according to a completely positive map. Here we show that the set of processes admitting a finite-dimensional explanation do not need to be explainable in terms of either classical probability or quantum mechanics. To wit, we exhibit families of processes that have a finite-dimensional explanation, defined manifestly by the dynamics of explicitly given GPT, but that do not admit a quantum, and therefore not even classical, explanation in finite dimension. Furthermore, we present a family of quantum processes on qubits and qutrits that do not admit a classical finite-dimensional realization, which includes examples introduced earlier by Fox, Rubin, Dharmadikari and Nadkarni as functions of infinite dimensional Markov chains, and lower bound the size of the memory of a classical model realizing a noisy version of the qubit processes.
description: 19 pages, added 2 figures
Energy-preserving numerical schemes of high accuracy for one-dimensional Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Cieśliński, Jan L.
name: Ratkiewicz, Bogusław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65P10, 65L12

description: We present a class of non-standard numerical schemes which are modifications of the discrete gradient method. They preserve the energy integral exactly (up to the round-off error). The considered class contains locally exact discrete gradient schemes and integrators of arbitrary high order. In numerical experiments we compare our integrators with some other numerical schemes, including the standard discrete gradient method, the leap-frog scheme and a symplectic scheme of 4th order. We study the error accumulation for very long time and the conservation of the energy integral.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Presented at the conference "BIT 50 - Trends in Numerical Computing" (Lund, 17-20 June 2010)
Study of a BIPV Adaptive System
Creators: name: Mazzucchelli, Enrico Sergio
name: Alston, Mark
name: Brzezicki, Marcin
name: Doniacovo, Luisa
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: The paper presents the first results of research that was partly conducted within the framework of European COST Action TU1403 – Adaptive Façades Network, on the development of an adaptive BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) solution able to change its curvature in relation to the external environmental conditions, orientating itself in order to optimise the energy production without the aid of any mechanical and electrical systems. After analysing the characteristics of the main adaptive materials that are currently used for such applications, the contribution outlines the main features of the proposed system, which consists of thin film solar cells coupled with a thin layer of hygromorphic material, manufactured from two wooden slats joined together and produced from different types of wood and trunk cuts. The hygromorphic layer thus obtained can change its shape as a function of temperature and relative humidity of outdoor conditions, thanks to the different expansion coefficients of the two wooden slats. To evaluate the performance of the component, three shape configurations for the adaptive strips have been assumed. For each hypothesis, the lamellae have been modelled using the Rhinoceros 5 Software, according to the curvatures taken during the different months of the year. The Rhino models have been imported into Autodesk Ecotect Analysis to calculate the incident solar radiation and to study the self-shadowing effect in the various configurations (in relation to the climatic conditions of the city of Milan). The paper outlines the system and PV energy production optimisation process, as well as possible applications in the field of façade design.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
Accuracy of professional judgments for dermal exposure assessment using deterministic models
Creators: name: Sahmel, Jennifer
name: Arnold, Susan F.
name: Ramachandran, Gurumurthy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The accuracy of exposure judgments, particularly for scenarios where only qualitative information is available or a systematic approach is not used, have been evaluated and shown to have a relatively low level of accuracy. This is particularly true for dermal exposures, where less information is generally available compared to inhalation exposures. Relatively few quantitative validation efforts have been performed for scenarios where dermal exposures are of interest. In this study, a series of dermal exposure judgments were collected from 90 volunteer U.S. occupational health practitioners in a workshop format to assess the accuracy of their judgments for three specific scenarios. Accuracy was defined as the ability of the participants to identify the correct reference exposure category, as defined by the quantitative exposure banding categories utilized by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). The participants received progressively additional information and training regarding dermal exposure assessments and scenario-specific information during the workshop, and the relative accuracy of their category judgments over time was compared. The results of the study indicated that despite substantial education and training in exposure assessment generally, the practitioners had very little experience in performing dermal exposure assessments and a low level of comfort in performing these assessments. Further, contrary to studies of practitioners performing inhalation exposure assessments demonstrating a trend towards underestimating exposures, participants in this study consistently overestimated the potential for dermal exposure without quantitative data specific to the scenario of interest. Finally, it was found that participants were able to identify the reference or “true” category of dermal exposure acceptability when provided with relevant, scenario-specific dermal and/or surface loading data for use in the assessment process. These results support the need for additional training and education of practitioners in performing dermal exposure assessments. A closer analysis of default loading values used in dermal exposure assessments to evaluate their accuracy relative to real-world or measured dermal loading values, along with consistent improvements in current dermal models, is also needed.
The importance of intra-molecular electron spin relaxation in small molecular semiconductors
Creators: name: Schulz, L.
name: Willis, M.
name: Nuccio, L.
name: Shusharov, P.
name: Fratini, S.
name: Pratt, F. L.
name: Gillin, W. P.
name: Kreouzis, T.
name: Heeney, M.
name: Stingelin, N.
name: Stafford, C. A.
name: Beesley, D. J.
name: Bernhard, C.
name: Anthony, J. E.
name: Mckenzie, I.
name: Lord, J. S.
name: Drew, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spin relaxation rate (eSR) is investigated on several organic semiconductors of different morphologies and molecular structures, using avoided level crossing muon spectroscopy as a local spin probe. We find that two functionalized acenes (polycrystalline tri(isopropyl)silyl-pentacene and amorphous 5,6,11,12-tetraphenyltetracene) exhibit eSRs with an Arrhenius-like temperature dependence, each with two characteristic energy scales similar to those expected from vibrations. Polycrystalline tris(8-hydroxyquinolate)gallium shows a similar behavior. The observed eSR for these molecules is no greater than 0.85 MHz at 300 K. The variety of crystal structures and transport regimes that these molecules possess, as well as the local nature of the probe, strongly suggest an intra-molecular phenomenon general to many organic semiconductors, contrasting the commonly assumed spin relaxation models based on inter-molecular charge carrier transport.
title: Enhanced Palmitate-Induced Interleukin-8 Formation in Human Macrophages by Insulin or Prostaglandin E₂
Creators: name: Henkel, Janin
name: Klauder, Julia
name: Statz, Meike
name: Wohlenberg, Anne-Sophie
name: Kuipers, Sonja
name: Vahrenbrink, Madita
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Macrophages in pathologically expanded dysfunctional white adipose tissue are exposed to a mix of potential modulators of inflammatory response, including fatty acids released from insulin-resistant adipocytes, increased levels of insulin produced to compensate insulin resistance, and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) released from activated macrophages. The current study addressed the question of how palmitate might interact with insulin or PGE₂ to induce the formation of the chemotactic pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8). Human THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophages. In these macrophages, palmitate induced IL-8 formation. Insulin enhanced the induction of IL-8 formation by palmitate as well as the palmitate-dependent stimulation of PGE₂ synthesis. PGE₂ in turn elicited IL-8 formation on its own and enhanced the induction of IL-8 release by palmitate, most likely by activating the EP4 receptor. Since IL-8 causes insulin resistance and fosters inflammation, the increase in palmitate-induced IL-8 formation that is caused by hyperinsulinemia and locally produced PGE₂ in chronically inflamed adipose tissue might favor disease progression in a vicious feed-forward cycle.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1149
Analysis of Heating Effects and Deformations for a STAF Panel with a Coupled CFD and FEM Simulation Method
Creators: name: Brandl, Daniel
name: Schober, Helmut
name: Hochenauer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Conventional sandwich panels are one of the cheapest and easiest solutions for forming the thermal building envelope of industrial buildings. They are pre-fabricated façade elements, of which millions of square metres have been produced and mounted every year. There is great potential to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and CO2 emissions through the solar thermal activation of such a sandwich panel. In the course of the research project ABS-Network SIAT 125, a Solar Thermal Activated Façade (STAF) panel was designed which is to be optimised both thermally and structurally. This study shows a first version of a so-called ‘one way coupled’ thermal and structural analysis of a conventional sandwich panel compared to the STAF panel. For this purpose, the numerical methods of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Method (FEM) are used together in one simulation environment. Furthermore, results from an outdoor test facility are presented where a first version of a STAF panel is tested under real climate conditions. The CFD model was positively evaluated by comparing measured and computed temperatures.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
System size expansion for systems with an absorbing state
Creators: name: Di Patti, Francesca
name: Azaele, Sandro
name: Banavar, Jayanth R.
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known van Kampen system size expansion, while of rather general applicability, is shown to fail to reproduce some qualitative features of the time evolution for systems with an absorbing state, apart from a transient initial time interval. We generalize the van Kampen ansatz by introducing a new prescription leading to non-Gaussian fluctuations around the absorbing state. The two expansion predictions are explicitly compared for the infinite range voter model with speciation as a paradigmatic model with an absorbing state. The new expansion, both for a finite size system in the large time limit and at finite time in the large size limit, converges to to the exact solution as obtained in a numerical implementation using the Gillespie algorithm. Furthermore, the predicted lifetime distribution is shown to have the correct asymptotic behavior.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRE
What is an adaptive façade? Analysis of Recent Terms and definitions from an international perspective
Creators: name: Romano, Rosa
name: Aelenei, Laura
name: Aelenei, Daniel
name: Mazzucchelli, Enrico Sergio
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2018

description: Adaptive façades can improve the building’s energy efficiency and economics, through their capability to change their behaviour in real time according to indoor-outdoor parameters, by means of materials, components, and systems. Therefore, adaptive façades can make a significant and viable contribution to meeting the EU´s 2020 targets. Several different types of adaptive façade concepts have already been developed, and an increase in emerging, innovative solutions is expected in the near future. According to recent research, the word ‘adaptive’ in the context of building façades is often associated in the literature with a long list of similar words. Moreover, there is no consistent definition of façade adaptability, although studies exist in relation to characterisation issues, design parameter, and classification. Even within the discipline of architecture and engineering, words such as ‘smart’, ‘intelligent’, ‘interactive’, ‘adaptive’, or ‘responsive’ have been used loosely and interchangeably, creating confusion as to their specific meaning and their conceptual relationship to building performance and design. In response to this, the goal of this paper is to build a provisional lexicon, or descriptive, behavioural, and methodological words, to assist researchers and designers in navigating the field of high-performance façades that incorporate materially innovative and feedback-based systems. It offers a brief overview of current advances in this nascent and rapidly evolving field and articulates a broader conceptual territory for the word ‘adaptive’, used in many cases to describe the technological systems that interact with the environment and the user by reacting to external influences and adapting their behaviour and functionality. The objective of this paper is to contribute to these developments by presenting the findings. Furthermore, common definitions will be proposed, based on the characterisation design parameters, classification approaches, and real case studies.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Special Issue FAÇADE 2018 – Adaptive!
CFD modeling of injection strategies in a high-pressure direct-injection (HPDI) natural gas engine
Creators: name: Kheirkhah, Pooyan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Direct injection of natural gas in compression-ignition engines offers benefits such as emissions reduction, fuel diversity, and energy security. However, in order to meet the upcoming stringent emissions regulations, further improvements in the performance of the High-Pressure Direct-Injection of Natural Gas (HPDI-NG) is needed. For this reason, different natural gas injection strategies and nozzle designs are numerically studied. The in-cylinder phenomena during the closed portion of the cycle is simulated using a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model and the Trajectory-Generated Low Dimensional Manifold (TGLDM) for chemistry coupling. Soot is modeled with a two-equation Hiroyasu model. To partially investigate the effect of LES variability, simulations with successive mesh refinements and infinitesimally varied inputs are carried out. Anticipated emission trends were observed for parametric sweeps with substantial variation of soot about the trend-line. This motivated the analysis of in-cylinder mixture, jet penetration and other more robust metrics. A novel paired-nozzle geometry was designed to increase the fuel-air mixing at the base of the jet, thus reducing soot. In reality, the paired jets increased exhaust PM. The CFD analysis revealed that the gas jet penetration was reduced compared to the baseline single-hole jet, while more air was entrained into the core of the jet. However, the effect of mixing due to impaired penetration dominates and results in more rich mixture and therefore more soot. CFD predicted the PM reduction benefits of “Late Post-Injection” (LPI) due to two major reasons: 1- the reduction in formed PM from the 1st pulse due to shortened pulse width, 2- negligible PM formation from the 2nd pulse for enough pulse separation. A second injection strategy, “Slightly Premixed Combustion” (SPC) also reduced PM in experiments. The CFD package had not been developed for such combustion regime, wherein the diesel-gas kinetic interactions should be resolved; hence perfect matching between the experimental and numerical combustion for SPC was not attained. Nevertheless, by optimizing the injection timing to resemble the phasing of experimental Heat Release Rate (HRR) curve, to the “best extent possible”, more premixing, higher rate of penetration, and less rich-mixture mass was observed.
MOBILE HEALTH (MHEALTH) TECHNOLOGY FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE SERVICES: ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS
Creators: name: Kurapati Jyothi
name: Chandanadur Thippaiah Anitha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NCD Screening, Mobile Phones, ANM, ASHA, Chronic Diseases.

description: Abstract
Background: There are 1.2 billion mobile customers in India, and smartphone users in rural India were 67.6% in 2021. Mobile health (or mHealth) refers to delivering healthcare services and managing patient data using portable electronic devices and software applications. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 41 million annual deaths globally, and 85% of premature deaths occur between 30 and 69 years due to NCDs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Community health workers (CHWs) serve as a bridge between the communities and the health centers. In India, 10.4lakh Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and 2lakh Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) serve as CHWs. Their services have contributed to a decrease in maternal and infant morbidity and mortality rates as well as the burden of communicable diseases. To facilitate tasks and enhance outcomes, mobile technologies are developed, tested, and deployed by community health professionals. Our study aimed to examine and qualitatively determine the potential of mobile phone technology in improving CHWs' performance and effectiveness in the delivery of NCD services. Methods: A qualitative study with 65 in-depth interviews with ASHAs, ANMs, and supervisor were conducted from selected Primary Health Centres (PHCs)and Subcentres in the Suryapet district of Telangana in 2021. The CHWs were asked about their experience using mobile technology to deliver NCD health services. The in-depth interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using the software Atlas.ti. Results: Inductive thematic analysis was adopted to analyze the data. The themes identified were enlisted as beneficial: 1) Reduction in CHWs' workload, 2) Improvement in the data collection, 3) Increasing service access and quality, 4) Training and supervision of personnel management, 5) Reporting and monitoring, and 6) Better organization of CHWs tasks and improvement in community health outcomes. The CHWs reported a few challenges to using mobile phones, such as a lack of training on new mHealth solutions, weak technical support, and systemic challenges. Conclusion: mHealth interventions are essential to aid in CHWs' performance and can improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of NCDs. The study found an increasing technical uptake, acceptance, and steady decline in costs provide scope to expand mHealth technology in LMICs in the future.
Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Carter County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Weisenfluh, Gerald A.
name: Carey, David I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2006

description: Abstract:
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.