cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
K^+ -> pi^+ nu nu-bar and K_L -> pi^0 nu nu-bar Decays in the General MSSM
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Ewerth, Thorsten
name: Jager, Sebastian
name: Rosiek, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the rare decays K^+ -> pi^+ nu nu-bar and K_L -> pi^0 nu nu-bar in a general MSSM with conserved R-parity. Working in the mass eigenstate basis and performing adaptive scanning of a large space of supersymmetric parameters, 16 parameters in the constrained scan and 63 in the extended scan, we find that large departures from the Standard Model expectations are possible while satisfying all existing constraints. Both branching ratios can be as large as a few times 10^{-10} with Br(K_L -> pi^0 nu nu-bar) often larger than Br(K^+ -> pi^+ nu nu-bar) and close to its model independent upper bound. We give examples of supersymmetric parameters for which large departures from the SM expectations can be found and emphasize that the present 90% C.L. experimental upper bound on Br(K^+ -> pi^+ nu nu-bar) gives a non trivial constraint on the MSSM parameter space. Unlike previous analyses, we find that chargino box diagrams can give, already for moderately light charged sleptons, a significant contribution. As a byproduct we find that the ranges for the angles beta and gamma in the unitarity triangle are relaxed due to the presence of new CP-violating phases in K^0 - K^0-bar and B^0_d - B^0_d-bar mixing to 12 degrees <= beta <= 27 degrees and 20 degrees <= gamma <= 110 degrees.
description: 36 pages, 27 figures, latex, uses axodraw.sty
Modes of Land Access and Welfare Impacts in Uganda
Creators: name: Tatwangire, Alex
name: Holden, Stein T.
name: Tatwangire, Alex
name: Holden, Stein T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Endogeneity of land access
subject: unobserved heterogeneity
subject: poverty impacts.

description: This article estimates the poverty reducing impact of land access in rural Uganda. Using balanced panel data for 309 households in 2001, 2003, and 2005, models that control for unobserved household heterogeneity and endogeneity of land acquisition and disposition are employed to measure the poverty-reduction effect of land on household income and expenditure per adult equivalent. Significant poverty reduction effects of increased land access in form of owned, operated and market-accessed land were found. The poverty reduction effect for land accessed through the market was significantly larger than the poverty reduction effect of land accessed through inheritance.
Additional file 2 of Bioassay and molecular monitoring of insecticide resistance status in Aedes albopictus populations from Greece, to support evidence-based vector control
Creators: name: Balaska, Sofia
name: Fotakis, Emmanouil A.
name: Kioulos, Ilias
name: Grigoraki, Linda
name: Mpellou, Spyridoula
name: Chaskopoulou, Alexandra
name: Vontas, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. CDC bioassay mortality percentages corresponding to exposure time against malathion and deltamethrin for Aedes albopictus populations from Greece.
Phase Diagram of the $t$--$U$--$V_1$--$V_2$ Model at Quarter Filling
Creators: name: Ejima, Satoshi
name: Gebhard, Florian
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
name: Ohta, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the ground-state properties of the one-dimensional Hubbard model at quarter filling with Coulomb interactions between nearest-neighbors $V_1$ and next-nearest neighbors $V_2$. Using the density-matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization methods, we obtain an accurate ground-state phase diagram in the $V_1$-$V_2$ plane with three different phases: $2k_{\rm F}$- and $4k_{\rm F}$-charge-density-wave and a broad metallic phase in-between. The metal is a Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid whose critical exponent $K_ρ$ is largest around $V_1=2V_2$, where $V_1$ and $V_2$ are frustrated, and smallest, $K_ρ=0.25$, at the boundaries between the metallic phase and each of the two ordered phases.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, sumitted to PRB
A Monte Carlo Approach to the Worldline Formalism in Curved Space
Creators: name: Corradini, Olindo
name: Muratori, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method to evaluate worldline (WL) path integrals defined on a curved Euclidean space, sampled with Monte Carlo (MC) techniques. In particular, we adopt an algorithm known as YLOOPS with a slight modification due to the introduction of a quadratic term which has the function of stabilizing and speeding up the convergence. Our method, as the perturbative counterparts, treats the non-trivial measure and deviation of the kinetic term from flat, as interaction terms. Moreover, the numerical discretization adopted in the present WLMC is realized with respect to the proper time of the associated bosonic point-particle, hence such procedure may be seen as an analogue of the time-slicing (TS) discretization already introduced to construct quantum path integrals in curved space. As a result, a TS counter-term is taken into account during the computation. The method is tested against existing analytic calculations of the heat kernel for a free bosonic point-particle in a D-dimensional maximally symmetric space.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures. Discussion improved, new figures included, references added. Matches published version in JHEP
Comment on ``Spin Correlations in the Paramagnetic Phase and Ring Exchange in LaCuO''
Creators: name: Raymond, L.
name: Albinet, G.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the experiments of A.M. Toader, J. P. Goff, M. Roger, N. Shannon, J. R. Stewart, and M. Enderle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 197202 (2005) do not provide definitive experimental evidence for ring exchange terms in the Hamiltonian of La2CuO4, even though such terms may be present.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, RevTex
Trade Liberalization and Agricultural Terms of Trade in China: Price Scissors Revisited
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Zhu, Jing
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Zhu, Jing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade openness
subject: China’s price scissors
subject: Rural-urban income gap

description: With China’s accession to the WTO, concerns have arisen over the possible negative welfare impacts on domestic agricultural producers. The broad concern is that China’s domestic agricultural prices will be pushed down even further, leading to a greater widening of the gap between rural and urban incomes. It is widely believed that declining price ratio of agricultural to industrial products, the so-called “price scissors”, is one of the major reasons for increasing rural-urban income differences over the past decades. Therefore, improving the terms of trade in favor of agricultural products is a broad policy goal in China. But is this possible with the country joining the WTO? While there is a general perception that the price scissors have negatively affected China’s agriculture and that trade liberalization will worsen the situation, empirical work on price scissors in China, and the relationship to openness, is scarce. In this paper, we use data from 1978-2005 to estimate the impact of China’s trade openness on the relative price of domestic agricultural to industrial products. We find that the domestic agricultural-industrial terms of trade have not exhibited a declining trend, and that trade openness in fact exerts positive impacts on the terms of trade in favor of agricultural products. This finding implies that trade openness improves the economic welfare of China’s agricultural producers.
Additional file 1 of Individual, health system, and contextual barriers and facilitators for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines: a systematic metareview
Creators: name: Correa, Verónica Ciro
name: Lugo-Agudelo, Luz Helena
name: Aguirre-Acevedo, Daniel Camilo
name: Contreras, Jesús Alberto Plata
name: Borrero, Ana María Posada
name: Patiño-Lugo, Daniel F.
name: Valencia, Dolly Andrea Castaño
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
REGIONAL ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IN THE EMSLAND, NORTH GERMANY
Creators: name: Bergmann, Holger
name: Thomson, Kenneth J.
name: Bergmann, Holger
name: Thomson, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Water Framework Directive
subject: System Dynamics
subject: Regional Economic Modelling
subject: Emsland
subject: Demographics

description: The European Union’s Water Framework Directive (WFD) has “the purpose to protect and preserve water resources across the European Union to ensure future sustainable use” but is likely to add to agricultural land losses, e.g. to infrastructure, industrial estates and housing. While the environmental as well as the micro-economic benefits of the Directive - e.g. for water producers and consumers - are well established, there is a lack of knowledge as to its regional economic effects. Based on a system dynamics approach incorporating an input-output table, a regional model (POEMS) has been developed for the Emsland region in Northern Germany. POEMS has been employed to capture the economic, ecological and social effects of three WFD scenarios which reduce nitrogen pollution in local groundwater, each involving a decrease in utilised agricultural area (UAA) and an increase in rural tourism. The results are discussed in terms of regional Gross Value Added (GVA), the labour market, and demographics. It is shown that tourism is able to compensate for the losses in GVA and employment in the farming sector, but that the decrease in UAA is likely to provoke significant population decreases. The paper also describes some modelling challenges that had to be overcome, and assesses the usefulness of this analytical approach.
On improving the efficiency of ADER methods
Creators: name: Veiga, Maria Han
name: Micalizzi, Lorenzo
name: Torlo, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1
subject: 65

description: The (modern) arbitrary derivative (ADER) approach is a popular technique for the numerical solution of differential problems based on iteratively solving an implicit discretization of their weak formulation. In this work, focusing on an ODE context, we investigate several strategies to improve this approach. Our initial emphasis is on the order of accuracy of the method in connection with the polynomial discretization of the weak formulation. We demonstrate that precise choices lead to higher-order convergences in comparison to the existing literature. Then, we put ADER methods into a Deferred Correction (DeC) formalism. This allows to determine the optimal number of iterations, which is equal to the formal order of accuracy of the method, and to introduce efficient $p$-adaptive modifications. These are defined by matching the order of accuracy achieved and the degree of the polynomial reconstruction at each iteration. We provide analytical and numerical results, including the stability analysis of the new modified methods, the investigation of the computational efficiency, an application to adaptivity and an application to hyperbolic PDEs with a Spectral Difference (SD) space discretization.
Additional file 2 of Individual, health system, and contextual barriers and facilitators for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines: a systematic metareview
Creators: name: Correa, Verónica Ciro
name: Lugo-Agudelo, Luz Helena
name: Aguirre-Acevedo, Daniel Camilo
name: Contreras, Jesús Alberto Plata
name: Borrero, Ana María Posada
name: Patiño-Lugo, Daniel F.
name: Valencia, Dolly Andrea Castaño
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Search strategies by data sources.
Security Versus Privacy
Creators: name: Farokhi, Farhad
name: Esfahani, Peyman Mohajerin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Linear queries can be submitted to a server containing private data. The server provides a response to the queries systematically corrupted using an additive noise to preserve the privacy of those whose data is stored on the server. The measure of privacy is inversely proportional to the trace of the Fisher information matrix. It is assumed that an adversary can inject a false bias to the responses. The measure of the security, capturing the ease of detecting the presence of the false data injection, is the sensitivity of the Kullback-Leiber divergence to the additive bias. An optimization problem for balancing privacy and security is proposed and subsequently solved. It is shown that the level of guaranteed privacy times the level of security equals a constant. Therefore, by increasing the level of privacy, the security guarantees can only be weakened and vice versa. Similar results are developed under the differential privacy framework.
The spectrum of SU(N) gauge theories in finite volume
Creators: name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spatial-volume dependence of the spectrum of 4D SU(3 <= N <= 6) gauge theories by lattice Monte-Carlo techniques. Setting the scale with the string tension, the spatial volume is L^3 with 0.78fm <= L <= 2.3fm. The Euclidean `time' direction is kept large enough to be considered infinite and the boundary conditions are periodic in all four dimensions. We study the mixing of torelon pairs with the scalar and tensor glueballs, using a 2x2 Hamiltonian based on large-N counting rules. Looking to the other symmetry channels, finite-volume effects on the glueball spectrum are already surprisingly small in SU(3), and they become rapidly smaller as N is increased: several low-lying SU(6) states have no finite-volume corrections at the 1-2% level, at least down to L=0.9fm. We discuss the relation of this work with analytic calculations in small and intermediate volume, and with Eguchi-Kawai reduction in the planar limit.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures; major rewriting of section 2, and other minor improvements: version accepted in JHEP
Robust avoidance of edge-localized modes alongside gradient formation in the negative triangularity tokamak edge
Creators: name: Nelson, A. O.
name: Schmitz, L.
name: Paz-Soldan, C.
name: Thome, K. E.
name: Cote, T. B.
name: Leuthold, N.
name: Scotti, F.
name: Austin, M. E.
name: Hyatt, A.
name: Osborne, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of high performance diverted discharges on DIII-D, we demonstrate that strong negative triangularity (NT) shaping robustly suppresses all edge-localized mode (ELM) activity over a wide range of plasma conditions: $\langle n\rangle=0.1-1.5\times10^{20}$m$^{-3}$, $P_\mathrm{aux}=0-15$MW and $|B_\mathrm{t}|=1-2.2$T, corresponding to $P_\mathrm{loss}/P_\mathrm{LH08}\sim8$. The full dataset is consistent with the theoretical prediction that magnetic shear in the NT edge inhibits access to ELMing H-mode regimes; all experimental pressure profiles are found to be at or below the infinite-$n$ ballooning stability limit. Importantly, we also report enhanced edge pressure gradients at strong NT that are significantly steeper than in traditional ELM-free L-mode plasmas and provide significant promise for NT reactor integration.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Cohomology of antiPoisson superalgebra
Creators: name: Konstein, S. E.
name: Tyutin, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider antiPoisson superalgebras realized on the smooth Grassmann-valued functions with compact supports in R^n and with the grading inverse to Grassmanian parity. The lower cohomologies of these superalgebras are found.
description: LaTeX, 37 pages
Dynamics of the restructuring fresh produce food markets in the southern African region
Creators: name: Louw, Andre
name: Chikazunga, Davison
name: Haankuku, Choolwe
name: Ndanga, Leah Z.B.
name: Louw, Andre
name: Chikazunga, Davison
name: Haankuku, Choolwe
name: Ndanga, Leah Z.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Fresh produce
subject: restructuring markets
subject: southern Africa

description: Agri-food markets are restructuring, characterised by an increased consolidation and concentration of the industry, as supermarkets continue to expand at an exponential rate throughout the region. Unlike the global phenomenon where the formal markets are replacing informal markets, this is not so in the region. The informal sector is also expanding characterised by a significant level of restructuring. The major supermarkets have restructured their procurement strategies through the introduction of private standards, centralised procurement systems and distribution centres. Despite the increase in agri-food commodities emanating from the expansion of the retail sector, there have been little or no opportunities for smallholder farmers. The restructuring process is likely to exclude farmers from food markets in two ways; firstly through displacement of traditional markets by formal food chains; and secondly, the restructuring process will exclude farmers through the introduction of private standards. Previous studies have ascertained that smallholder farmers prefer informal markets such as hawkers as there are fewer complications with these markets. Informal markets are therefore integral for the survival of smallholder farmers. To redress the negative effects of the restructuring process certain issues need to be addressed. This calls for different stakeholders (public and private sectors and producers) to harmonise their objectives and visions for the sake of smallholder farmers in order for the great potential there is in harnessing the benefits of the restructuring process to be realised.
MP-SENet: A Speech Enhancement Model with Parallel Denoising of Magnitude and Phase Spectra
Creators: name: Lu, Ye-Xin
name: Ai, Yang
name: Ling, Zhen-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes MP-SENet, a novel Speech Enhancement Network which directly denoises Magnitude and Phase spectra in parallel. The proposed MP-SENet adopts a codec architecture in which the encoder and decoder are bridged by convolution-augmented transformers. The encoder aims to encode time-frequency representations from the input noisy magnitude and phase spectra. The decoder is composed of parallel magnitude mask decoder and phase decoder, directly recovering clean magnitude spectra and clean-wrapped phase spectra by incorporating learnable sigmoid activation and parallel phase estimation architecture, respectively. Multi-level losses defined on magnitude spectra, phase spectra, short-time complex spectra, and time-domain waveforms are used to train the MP-SENet model jointly. Experimental results show that our proposed MP-SENet achieves a PESQ of 3.50 on the public VoiceBank+DEMAND dataset and outperforms existing advanced speech enhancement methods.
description: Accepted by Interspeech 2023
Optical polarimetric observations of the microquasar LS 5039
Creators: name: Combi, J. A.
name: Cellone, S. A.
name: Marti, J.
name: Ribo, M.
name: Mirabel, I. F.
name: Casares, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first optical polarimetric observations of the runaway microquasar LS 5039. Our results reveal the presence of a large amount (~5%) of polarized emission towards this binary system. By combining polarimetric and spectroscopic observations of some stars in the field together with available statistical information on the galactic interstellar polarization of the region, we have estimated and subtracted the contribution of the interstellar polarization in this direction. As a result, we obtain an intrinsic polarization of ~3% for the object, much higher than what would be expected from jet emission in the optical domain. We suggest that the polarized light originates by electron Thomson scattering in the stellar envelope of the companion star. This allows us to constrain the size of the region where the polarized emission originates, as well as estimating the scattering electronic density and the wind velocity at such distance.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The very early optical afterglow of GRBs, revealing the nature of the ejecta
Creators: name: Fan, Y. Z.
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Wei, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that if the GRB ejecta itself is magnetized or neutron-rich, the very early afterglow of GRBs is very different from that powered by a pure ion fireball. In the Swift era, with the well monitored early afterglow data, we can potentially diagnose the ejecta composition and reveal the nature of the central GRB engine.
description: To appear in Proc. of 22nd Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, Stanford Univ., December 2004, (PSN 2205), 5 pages, LaTeX, 6 eps figures
INSTITUTIONS AND SUSTAINABLE LAND USE: THE CASE OF FOREST AND GRAZING LANDS IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Gebreegziabher, Zenebe
name: Gebreegziabher, Zenebe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: institutions
subject: sustainable land use
subject: economic welfare.

description: Land is an essential factor of production for agriculture, horticulture, forestry as well as other land related activities. Institutions that govern its use determine the sustainability and efficient use of this essential resource. In Ethiopia all land is publicly owned. Such an institutional setting has resulted in major degradation of Ethiopia’s land resources and dissipation of the resource rent, as available forest and grazing lands are exploited in a suboptimal fashion. An alternative to current institutional setting is to assign private property institution, but this will lead to welfare costs. In this paper, we examine the welfare effects (from consumer perspective) of change in institutional setting to forest and grazing lands using a unique data set covering 200 cross-section households in Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia. Finding suggest that changing the current institutional setting could indeed be welfare reducing. Given the finding, it is little wonder the government is reluctant to impose a private property institution on Ethiopia, despite continued land degradation.
Channeling experiments at planar diamond and silicon single crystals with electrons from the Mainz Microtron MAMI
Creators: name: Backe, H.
name: Lauth, W.
name: Thi, T. N. Tran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Line structures were observed for (110) planar channeling of electrons in a diamond single crystal even at a beam energy of 180 MeV. This observation motivated us to initiate dechanneling length measurements as function of the beam energy since the occupation of quantum states in the channeling potential is expected to enhance the dechanneling length. High energy loss signals, generated as a result of emission of a bremsstrahlung photon with about half the beam energy at channeling of 450 and 855 MeV electrons, were measured as function of the crystal thickness. The analysis required additional assumptions which were extracted from the numerical solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. Preliminary results for diamond are presented. In addition, we reanalyzed dechanneling length measurements at silicon single crystals performed previously at the Mainz Microtron MAMI at beam energies between 195 and 855 MeV from which we conclude that the quality of our experimental data set is not sufficient to derive definite conclusions on the dechanneling length. Our experimental results are below the predictions of the Fokker-Planck equation and somewhat above the results of simulation calculations of A. V. Korol and A. V. Solov'yov et al. on the basis of the MBN Explorer simulation package. We somehow conservatively conclude that the prediction of the asymptotic dechanneling length on the basis of the Fokker-Planck equation represents an upper limit.
Muon-induced neutron production and detection with GEANT4 and FLUKA
Creators: name: Araujo, H. M.
name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
name: Spooner, N. J. C.
name: Sumner, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a comparison study of the Monte Carlo packages GEANT4 and FLUKA for simulating neutron production by muons penetrating deep underground. GEANT4 is found to generate fewer neutrons at muon energies above ~100 GeV, by at most a factor of 2 in some materials, which we attribute mainly to lower neutron production in hadronic cascades. As a practical case study, the muon-induced neutron background expected in a 250 kg liquid-xenon WIMP dark matter detector was calculated and good agreement was found for the recoil event rates. The detailed model of neutron elastic scattering in GEANT4 was also shown to influence the nuclear recoil spectrum observed in the target, which is presently a shortcoming of FLUKA. We conclude that both packages are suited for this type of simulation, although further improvements are desirable in both cases.
description: (23 pages, 14 figures) To appear in Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A v2: Changes to format only; v3: Corrected typo in front matter; v4: Looked up additional experimental data for comparison with simulations
Emergency Response Person Localization and Vital Sign Estimation Using a Semi-Autonomous Robot Mounted SFCW Radar
Creators: name: Schroth, Christian A.
name: Eckrich, Christian
name: Kakouche, Ibrahim
name: Fabian, Stefan
name: von Stryk, Oskar
name: Zoubir, Abdelhak M.
name: Muma, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The large number and scale of natural and man-made disasters have led to an urgent demand for technologies that enhance the safety and efficiency of search and rescue teams. Semi-autonomous rescue robots are beneficial, especially when searching inaccessible terrains, or dangerous environments, such as collapsed infrastructures. For search and rescue missions in degraded visual conditions or non-line of sight scenarios, radar-based approaches may contribute to acquire valuable, and otherwise unavailable information. This article presents a complete signal processing chain for radar-based multi-person detection, 2D-MUSIC localization and breathing frequency estimation. The proposed method shows promising results on a challenging emergency response dataset that we collected using a semi-autonomous robot equipped with a commercially available through-wall radar system. The dataset is composed of 62 scenarios of various difficulty levels with up to five persons captured in different postures, angles and ranges including wooden and stone obstacles that block the radar line of sight. Ground truth data for reference locations, respiration, electrocardiogram, and acceleration signals are included. The full emergency response benchmark data set as well as all codes to reproduce our results, are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.21227/4bzd-jm32.
description: Dataset availabe at https://doi.org/10.21227/4bzd-jm32, code available at https://github.com/schrchr/radar-vitals-estimation
Optimal Biorefinery Locations and Transportation Network for the Future Biofuels Industry in Illinois
Creators: name: Tursun, Umit Deniz
name: Kang, Seungmo
name: Onal, Hayri
name: Ouyang, Yanfeng
name: Scheffran, Jurgen
name: Tursun, Umit Deniz
name: Kang, Seungmo
name: Onal, Hayri
name: Ouyang, Yanfeng
name: Scheffran, Jurgen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This article addresses development of the Illinois ethanol industry through the period 2007-2022, responding to the ethanol production mandates of the Renewable Fuel Standard by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The planning for corn-based and cellulosic ethanol production requires integrated decisions on transportation, plant location, and capacity. The objective is to minimize the total system costs for transportation and processing of biomass, transportation of ethanol from refineries to the blending terminals and demand destinations, capital investment in refineries, and by-product credits. A multi-year transshipment and facility location model is presented to determine the optimal size and time to build each plant in the system, the amount of raw material processed by individual plants, and the distribution of bioenergy crops and ethanol.
Branon radiative corrections to collider physics and precision observables
Creators: name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Dobado, A.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of brane-world scenarios, we study the effects produced by the exchange of virtual massive branons. A one-loop calculation is performed which generates higher-dimensional operators involving SM fields suppressed by powers of the brane tension scale. We discuss constraints on this scenario from colliders such as HERA, LEP and Tevatron and prospects for future detections at LHC or ILC. The most interesting phenomenology comes from new four-particles vertices induced by branon radiative corrections, mainly from four fermion interactions. The presence of flexible branes modifies also the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the electroweak precision observables.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX
Additional file 1 of Stress ulcer prophylaxis versus placebo—a blinded randomized control trial to evaluate the safety of two strategies in critically ill infants with congenital heart disease (SUPPRESS-CHD)
Creators: name: Mills, Kimberly I.
name: Albert, Ben D.
name: Bechard, Lori J.
name: Duggan, Christopher P.
name: Kaza, Aditya
name: Rakoff-Nahoum, Seth
name: Vlamakis, Hera
name: Sleeper, Lynn A.
name: Newburger, Jane W.
name: Priebe, Gregory P.
name: Mehta, Nilesh M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
NERO - CA22164 - NERO Storytelling Template
Creators: name: Giannaros, Theodore
name: Benali, Akli
name: Fernandez-Anez, Nieves
name: Bercak, Roman
name: Papavasileiou, Georgios
name: Sbaragli, Giacomo
name: Silva, Fabio
name: Prat-Guitart, Núria
name: Seric, Ljiljana
name: Martins Pacheco, Renata
name: Bacciu, Valentina
Publisher: name: european Network on Extreme fiRe behaviOr (NERO) - CA22164
Year: 2024
Subjects: storytelling
wildfire
fire progression
fire behavior

description: This document represents a storytelling-formatted protocol proposed to be used for communicating information related to the spread and behavior of past wildfire events. It includes sections providing information related to fire progression, fire behavior and environmental drivers, impacts, and lessons learned. The aim of the NERO storytelling template is to consolidate presentation of past wildfire events across Europe, enabling straightforward comparisons between different events and effective outreach of the facts related to the occurrence of extreme fire behavior.
New regular black hole solutions and other electrically charged compact objects with a de Sitter core and a matter layer
Creators: name: Masa, Angel D. D.
name: de Oliveira, Enesson S.
name: Zanchin, Vilson T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this work is the construction of regular black hole solutions in the context of the Einstein-Maxwell theory. The strategy is to match an interior regular solution to an exterior electrovacuum solution. With this purpose, we first write explicitly the Einstein field equations for the interior regular region. We take an electrically charged nonisotropic fluid, which presents spherical symmetry and a de Sitter type equation of state, where the radial pressure $p_r$ is equal to the negative of energy density $ρ$, $p_r=-ρ$. Then, two solutions for the Einstein equations are built, a regular interior solution for the region with matter satisfying a de Sitter equation of state, and an external solution for the region outside the matter, that corresponds to the Reissner-Nordström metric. To complete the solution we apply the Darmois-Israel junction conditions with a timelike thin shell at the matching surface. It is assumed that the matching surface is composed by a thin shell of matter, i.e., a surface layer in the form a perfect fluid obeying a barotropic equation of state, $\mathcal{P}=ωσ$, $P$ and $σ$ being the intrinsic pressure and energy density of the shell, respectively, and $ω$ a constant parameter. We show that there are electrically charged regular black hole solutions and other compact objects for specific choices of $ω$ and of the other parameters of the model. Some properties of the objects are investigated.
description: Minor revision of the text and some figures updated
On Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors
Creators: name: Alkofer, R.
name: Hoell, A.
name: Kloker, M.
name: Krassnigg, A.
name: Roberts, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Poincare' covariant Faddeev equation, which describes baryons as composites of confined-quarks and -nonpointlike-diquarks, is solved to obtain masses and Faddeev amplitudes for the nucleon and Delta. The amplitudes are a component of a nucleon-photon vertex that automatically fulfills the Ward-Takahashi identity for on-shell nucleons. These elements are sufficient for the calculation of a quark core contribution to the nucleons' electromagnetic form factors. An accurate description of the static properties is not possible with the core alone but the error is uniformly reduced by the incorporation of meson-loop contributions. Such contributions to form factors are noticeable for Q^2 < ~2 GeV^2 but vanish with increasing momentum transfer. Hence, larger Q^2 experiments probe the quark core. The calculated behaviour of G_E^p(Q^2)/G_M^p(Q^2) on Q^2 \in [2,6] GeV^2 agrees with that inferred from polarisation transfer data. Moreover, \sqrt{Q^2} F_2(Q^2)/F_1(Q^2) is approximately constant on this domain. These outcomes result from correlations in the proton's amplitude.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Measurement of Rlt and Atl in the 4He(e,e'p)3H Reaction at pmiss of 130-300 MeV/c
Creators: name: Aniol, K. A.
name: Epstein, M. B.
name: Gama, E.
name: Margaziotis, D. J.
name: Bertozzi, W.
name: Chen, J. P.
name: Dale, D.
name: Florizone, R. E. J.
name: Gilad, S.
name: Sarty, A. J.
name: Templon, J. A.
name: Van Verst, S. P.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Zhou, Z. L.
name: Bartsch, P.
name: Boeglin, W. U.
name: Boehm, R.
name: Distler, M. O.
name: Ewald, I.
name: Friedrich, J. M.
name: Friedrich, J. M.
name: Geiges, R.
name: Jennewein, P.
name: Kahrau, M.
name: Krygier, K. W.
name: Liesenfeld, A.
name: Merkel, H.
name: Merle, K.
name: Muller, U.
name: Neuhausen, R.
name: Offermann, E. A. J. M.
name: Pospischil, Th.
name: Rosner, G.
name: Schmieden, H.
name: Wagner, A.
name: Walcher, Th.
name: Kuss, M.
name: Richter, A.
name: Schrieder, G.
name: Bohinc, K.
name: Potokar, M.
name: Sirca, S.
name: Udias, J. M.
name: Vignote, Javier R.
name: Schiavilla, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the 4He(e,e'p)3H reaction at missing momenta of 130-300 MeV/c using the three-spectrometer facility at the Mainz microtron MAMI. Data were taken in perpendicular kinematics to allow us to determine the response function Rlt and the asymmetry term Atl. The data are compared to both relativistic and non-relativistic calculations.
description: To be published in the European Physical Journal A
Local and Regional Economic Impacts of Biofuel Development
Creators: name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Expanded processing of agricultural products in rural areas has been widely pursued as a strategy for rural economic development. By adding value to farm products before they leave the area, new processing plants can create new employment opportunities and generate economic spinoffs in rural areas that have experienced economic stagnation or decline as a result of long term trends of farm consolidation. In addition, farmer owned processing facilities provide a way for producers to integrate forward and capture potential profits from processing and marketing their products. Consequently, the expansion of agricultural processing in rural areas usually receives broad-based support from commodity groups, rural development interests, and state political leaders. In recent years, the most prevalent type of new agricultural processing ventures in the Midwest and Great Plains states has been corn ethanol plants. Like other types of agricultural processing, these biofuel ventures have generally received widespread support, and numerous studies have addressed their contributions to local or regional economies. However, while the methods employed have seemingly been quite similar, the findings have varied widely with the impacts attributed to ethanol development differing as much as ten-fold. The purpose of this paper is to (1) examine reasons why estimates of local or regional economic impacts of biofuel development may vary and (2) compare the economic impacts of corn-based ethanol production with those expected to be associated with cellulosic ethanol production.
Financing Growth of Cellulosic Ethanol
Creators: name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The corn grain ethanol industry experienced rapid growth from 2005- 07. U.S. financial markets obliged and supplied credit at reasonable cost and terms which facilitated this expansion. Now, the biofuel industry is being challenged to nearly triple production under recently passed federal legislation, 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, in the midst of a collapse of worldwide financial markets. However, the status of U.S. financial markets is in question. Both existing first generation and prospective next generation biofuel plants are demanding a large influx of capital to support adoption of new technological innovations. First generation plants require the innovations to remain low cost producers in highly competitive commodity markets. Second generation plants seek innovations to commercialize the production of cellulosic and advanced biofuels. In either case, the ability of financial markets to supply needed credit is unclear due to impediments that have reduced the borrowing capacity of biofuel firms; uncertainty surrounding future industry performance benchmarks, tax provisions, and implementation of current biofuel legislation; and the need for new risk management strategies which protect firm margins in volatile economic times.
On the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk
Creators: name: Bochko, V.
name: Silagadze, Z. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk everywhere in space. This electrostatic problem was solved long ago, and its gravitational analogue - even earlier. However, it seems that physics students are not aware of the solution, because it is not presented in textbooks. The purpose of the present article is to fill this gap in the pedagogical literature.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, to be published in European Journal of Physics
Opportunity of rural economic reform in China
Creators: name: Bu, Maoyong
name: Bu, Maoyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Economic crisis
subject: Rural economy
subject: County economy
subject: Opportunity
subject: China

description: This paper introduces the current situation of rural economy in China, and analyzes the new opportunity of rural economic development in China under the background of global financial crisis. Finally, thoughts on how to promote Chinese rural economic reform are put forward.
Reyong norot figuration : an exploration into the inherent musical techniques of Bali
Creators: name: Tilley, Leslie Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: "Reyong Norot Figuration: An Exploration into the Inherent Musical Techniques of Bali" is an account of one scholar's immersion into the music of the gamelan gong kebyar - a modern secular genre of Balinese "orchestral" music for bronze metallophones, gongs, and hands drums. Its purpose is threefold. The first part is an anthropological, participantobserver study of gong kebyar music and its many facets, both technical and sociological. It seeks to describe how the various elements of the music interconnect, and to explore ways in which these musical relationships reflect aspects of Balinese society. The second part, the main body of the thesis, is a musical analysis of norot - a style of melodic elaboration in gamelan music - as it is realized on the set of twelve small mounted gongs, played by four musicians, called reyong. The reyong is one of the only instruments in the gamelan that may be "improvised" upon, though its improvisatory freedom seems to be guided by strict constraints - inherent and, consequently, unconscious. My analysis - based on hundreds of reyong norot variations, as played by the well-known Balinese musician and composer Dewa Ketut Alit - is an attempt to uncover, essentially at the microscopic or cellular level, the inherent set of "rules," as it were, for reyong norot, and to create, with a linguistics-inspired model, a grammar for norot figuration. This grammar is determined by establishing a stylistically relevant norot model or template on which all reyong norot elaborations are at least loosely based, and then creating a finite set of categories which explain all of the elaborations that do not adhere to the master template. The final purpose of this thesis is to offer a critique on the field of ethnomusicology as a whole - to explore the various directions that the field has taken in the last century and to incite a dialogue into areas of focus that have been neglected in recent years. It is a humble attempt at enriching the ethnomusicological canon with a fresh perspective from a less anthropology-based angle - that of music-theory-based analysis.
Excited state preparation of trapped ultracold atoms via swept potentials
Creators: name: Bosworth, Daniel J.
name: Pyzh, Maxim
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of non-interacting atoms confined within a one-dimensional harmonic trap triggered by dragging an external long-range potential through the system. The symmetry-breaking nature of this moving potential couples adjacent eigenstates in the atoms' effective potential, leading to an energy landscape reminscent of systems exhibiting trap-induced shape resonances. These couplings may be exploited to selectively excite the atoms into higher vibrational states of the harmonic trap by controlling the motion of the dragged potential. To this end, we consider two protocols designs: the first protocol strives to maintain adiabaticity at critical points during the atoms' dynamics, whilst the second protocol utilises the fast tunnelling of the atoms within their effective double-well potential. These protocols take place in the few to many millisecond regime and achieve high-fidelity excitation of the atoms into pure vibrational states and superpositions thereof. Overall, our study highlights the significance of dragged potentials for controlling and manipulating atom dynamics and offers intuitive protocols for achieving desired excitations.
Deep development of rural tourism under integrated agriculture
Creators: name: Yuan, Li
name: Yuan, Li
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Integrated agriculture
subject: Rural tourism of China
subject: Deep development

description: This paper introduces the disadvantages and developmental approaches of rural tourism in China on the basis of apprehending the connotation of integrated agriculture. Then, it analyzes the current situation of new agricultural tourism park in Chengdu City of Sichuan Province. Research result shows that the implementation of integrated agriculture will promote the scientific and efficient development of rural tourism, which has a positive effect on the reconstruction of agricultural economy after disaster in Sichuan Province.