cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Information with Even/Odd States of Orbital Angular Momentum of Light
Creators: name: Perumangatt, Chithrabhanu
name: Lal, Nijil
name: Anwar, Ali
name: Reddy, Salla Gangi
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the possibility of using even/odd states of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photons for the quantum information tasks. Single photon qubit states and two photon entangled states in even/odd basis of OAM are considered. We present a method for the tomography and general projective measurement in even/odd basis. With the general projective measurement, we show the Bell violation and quantum cryptography with Bell's inequality. We also describe hyper and hybrid entanglement of even/odd OAM states along with polarization, which can be applied in the implementation of quantum protocols like super dense coding.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Science teacher education : fostering confidence and competence
Creators: name: Garbett, Dawn
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba
Creators: name: Liedtke, Mercedes
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pleistocene
Precipitation
Stable Isotopes
Stalagmite

description: A stalagmite was collected in the Salón de la Permencia of the Majaguas Cave, that is a part of the Majaguas-Cantera Cave System in Cuba. The use of this stalagmite as a natural climate archive is advantageous not only because stalagmites can record continuous episodes of growth that are thousands of years in duration but also because they are easily and reliably dated, using U/Th dating methods. With this method, the stalagmite was reliably dated to 100 ka and was still active when removed from the cave for analysis. The stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon from this stalagmite from Western Cuba presents information of significant influencing factors on Caribbean precipitation records, and past climatic events during the Pleistocene. Due to the lack of high- resolution records for Western Cuba, this study verifies and adds to our knowledge of past climate variability for the Cuban region and the Caribbean as a whole. The δ18O data in MCS-01 shows a pattern that is very similar to the D-O and Heinrich events clearly recorded in the NGRIP ice core, especially at ~82ka and between 78-70ka. This study provides a continuous precipitation record for the area during the Pleistocene, allowing a greater understanding of the climate drivers that have had an impact on past precipitation patterns in this region.
A review of dental informatics : current trends and future directions
Creators: name: Jayatissa, Prabath
name: Hewapathirane, Roshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dental informatics is a rapidly evolving field that combines dentistry with information technology to improve oral health care delivery, research, and education. Electronic health records (EHRs), telehealth, digital imaging, and other digital tools have revolutionised how dental professionals diagnose, treat, and manage oral health conditions. In this review article, we will explore dental informatics's current trends and future directions, focusing on its impact on clinical practice, research, and education. We will also discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing dental informatics and highlight fundamental research studies and innovations in the field.
SGDiff: A Style Guided Diffusion Model for Fashion Synthesis
Creators: name: Sun, Zhengwentai
name: Zhou, Yanghong
name: He, Honghong
name: Mok, P. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports on the development of \textbf{a novel style guided diffusion model (SGDiff)} which overcomes certain weaknesses inherent in existing models for image synthesis. The proposed SGDiff combines image modality with a pretrained text-to-image diffusion model to facilitate creative fashion image synthesis. It addresses the limitations of text-to-image diffusion models by incorporating supplementary style guidance, substantially reducing training costs, and overcoming the difficulties of controlling synthesized styles with text-only inputs. This paper also introduces a new dataset -- SG-Fashion, specifically designed for fashion image synthesis applications, offering high-resolution images and an extensive range of garment categories. By means of comprehensive ablation study, we examine the application of classifier-free guidance to a variety of conditions and validate the effectiveness of the proposed model for generating fashion images of the desired categories, product attributes, and styles. The contributions of this paper include a novel classifier-free guidance method for multi-modal feature fusion, a comprehensive dataset for fashion image synthesis application, a thorough investigation on conditioned text-to-image synthesis, and valuable insights for future research in the text-to-image synthesis domain. The code and dataset are available at: \url{https://github.com/taited/SGDiff}.
description: Accepted by ACM MM'23
Fast and flexible data structures for the LHCb Run 3 software trigger
Creators: name: Esen, Sevda
name: Hennequin, Arthur Marius
name: De Cian, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting in 2022, the upgraded LHCb detector will collect data with a pure software trigger. In its first stage, reducing the rate from 30MHz to about 1MHz, GPUs are used to reconstruct and trigger on B and D meson topologies and high-pT objects in the event. In its second stage, a CPU farm is used to reconstruct the full event and perform candidate selections, which are persisted for offline use with an output rate of about 10 GB/s. Fast data processing, flexible and custom-designed data structures tailored for SIMD architectures and efficient storage of the intermediate data at various steps of the processing pipeline onto persistent media, e.g. tapes is essential to guarantee the full physics program of LHCb. In this talk, we will present the event model and data persistency developments for the trigger of LHCb in Run 3. Particular emphasize will be given to the novel software-design aspects with respect to the Run 1+2 data taking, the performance improvements which can be achieved and the experience of restructuring a major part of the reconstruction software in a large HEP experiment.
description: Connecting The Dots (CTD 2022), Princeton, United States Of America, 31 May - 2 Jun 2022
Cramér type moderate deviations for trimmed L-statistics
Creators: name: Gribkova, Nadezhda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 62G30, 62G20, 62G35

description: We establish Cramér type moderate deviation (MD}) results for heavy trimmed L-statistics; we obtain our results under a very mild smoothness condition on the inversion $F^{-1}$ ($F$ is the underlying distribution of i.i.d. observations) near two points, where trimming occurs, we assume also some smoothness of weights of the L-statistic. Our results complement previous work on Cramér type large deviations (LD) for trimmed L-statistics by Gribkova (2016) and Callaert et al. (1982).
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1507.02403
Slow running of the Gradient Flow coupling from 200 MeV to 4 GeV in $N_{\rm f}=3$ QCD
Creators: name: Brida, Mattia Dalla
name: Fritzsch, Patrick
name: Korzec, Tomasz
name: Ramos, Alberto
name: Sint, Stefan
name: Sommer, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a finite volume Gradient Flow (GF) renormalization scheme with Schrödinger Functional (SF) boundary conditions, we compute the non-perturbative running coupling in the range $2.2 \lesssim {\bar g}_\mathrm{GF}^2(L) \lesssim 13$. Careful continuum extrapolations turn out to be crucial to reach our high accuracy. The running of the coupling is always between one-loop and two-loop and very close to one-loop in the region of $200\,{\rm MeV} \lesssim μ=1/L \lesssim 4\,{\rm GeV}$. While there is no convincing contact to two-loop running, we match non-perturbatively to the SF coupling with background field. In this case we know the $μ$ dependence up to $\sim 100\,{\rm GeV}$ and can thus connect to the $Λ$-parameter.
description: 34 pages, LaTeX
Making the transition from secondary to university education : understanding the students' perspective
Creators: name: Fisher, Thomas Raven
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Variational Wavefunction for the Periodic Anderson Model with Onsite Correlation Factors
Creators: name: Kubo, Katsunori
name: Onishi, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a variational wavefunction containing parameters to tune the probabilities of all the possible onsite configurations for the periodic Anderson model. We call it the full onsite-correlation wavefunction (FOWF). This is a simple extension of the Gutzwiller wavefunction (GWF), in which one parameter is included to tune the double occupancy of the f electrons at the same site. We compare the energy of the GWF and the FOWF evaluated by the variational Monte Carlo method and that obtained with the density-matrix renormalization group method. We find that the energy is considerably improved in the FOWF. On the other hand, the physical quantities do not change significantly between these two wavefunctions as long as they describe the same phase, such as the paramagnetic phase. From these results, we not only demonstrate the improvement by the FOWF, but we also gain insights on the applicability and limitation of the GWF to the periodic Anderson model.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Stability of a leap-frog discontinuous Galerkin method for time-domain Maxwell's equations in anisotropic materials
Creators: name: Araújo, Adérito
name: Barbeiro, Sílvia
name: Ghalati, Maryam Khaksar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we discuss the numerical discretization of the time-dependent Maxwell's equations using a fully explicit leap-frog type discontinuous Galerkin method. We present a sufficient condition for the stability, for cases of typical boundary conditions, either perfect electric, perfect magnetic or first order Silver-Müller. The bounds of the stability region point out the influence of not only the mesh size but also the dependence on the choice of the numerical flux and the degree of the polynomials used in the construction of the finite element space, making possible to balance accuracy and computational efficiency. In the model we consider heterogeneous anisotropic permittivity tensors which arise naturally in many applications of interest. Numerical results supporting the analysis are provided.
Monitoring Electron Spin Fluctuations with Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement
Creators: name: Alvarez, Daniel Jardon
name: Malka, Tahel
name: van Tol, Johan
name: Feldman, Yishay
name: Carmieli, Raanan
name: Leskes, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic interactions between the spin of an unpaired electron and the surrounding nuclear spins can be exploited to gain structural information, to reduce nuclear relaxation times as well as to create nuclear hyperpolarization via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). A central aspect that determines how these interactions manifest from the point of view of NMR is the timescale of the fluctuations of the magnetic moment of the electron spins. These fluctuations, however, are elusive, particularly when electron relaxation times are short or interactions among electronic spins are strong. Here we map the fluctuations by analyzing the ratio between longitudinal and transverse nuclear relaxation times T1 and T2, a quantity which depends uniquely on the rate of the electron fluctuations and the Larmor frequency of the involved nuclei. This analysis enables rationalizing the evolution of NMR lineshapes, signal quenching as well as DNP enhancements as a function of the concentration of the paramagnetic species and the temperature, demonstrated here for LiMgMnPO4 and Fe(3+) doped Li4Ti5O12, respectively. For the latter, we observe a linear dependence of the DNP enhancement and the electron relaxation time within a temperature range between 100 and 300K.
The Risks Associated with Blood Transfusion in Kidney Transplant Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Routinely Collected Data
Creators: name: Massicotte-Azarniouch, David
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Kidney transplant
Blood transfusion
Rejection
Graft loss
Infection
Venous thromboembolism

description: A blood transfusion may have important immunomodulatory effects and may carry certain risks which could be detrimental to the kidney transplant patient. The aim of this project is to examine the potential risks associated with post-transplant blood transfusions in kidney transplant recipients. We carried out a retrospective cohort study of all adult kidney transplant recipients at The Ottawa Hospital from 2002 to 2018 inclusive. We examined the risks for kidney transplant rejection, graft loss, death, infections and venous thromboembolic events (VTE) associated with the receipt of red blood cell transfusions (RBCTs) administered after kidney transplant. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) using Cox proportional hazards model with RBCT as a cumulative, time-varying exposure. Out of a total study population of 1,258 kidney transplants recipients, 37% received at least one RBCT. The receipt of a RBCT was not significantly associated with the risk for rejection, however it was associated with an increased risk for graft loss, death, infection and VTE. Important biases such as reverse causation and unmeasured confounding may account for some of these findings. That being said, our findings suggest clinicians should be judicious in their use of RBCT in kidney transplant patients.
"Convergence on Existential Risk Policy"
Creators: name: Arthur, Philip
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: existential risk
policy
value
TUA

description: Nick Bostrom, Toby Ord, and Will MacAskill argue that humans face rapidly increasing existential risks this century. Given these authors focus on technology as both the villain and the hero of our existence, Zoe Cremer and Luke Kemp categorize them as taking a Techno Utopia Approach (TUA) towards existential risk. While recognizing merits to this approach, they also argue that a more democratic methodology and diverse set of approaches is needed. Joshua Schuster, Derek Woods, and Emile Torres have also taken a critical view of the (TUA), arguing that it fails to consider the interests of marginalized populations and other species. Given the more diverse scope of existential threats identified by these authors, and the shorter-term motivation of their concerns, I categorize them as taking a Shorter-term Pluralist Approach (SPA). 

This paper aims to explore the following question: given the different values of the (TUA) and the (SPA), where might their support of policies related to existential risk converge? Answering this question is important, because while theoretical discussions have independent intellectual value for many, policies associated with existential risks have potential consequences for everyone. This discussion can help scholars and policymakers form alliances, better understand their rivals, and more effectively allocate resources to practical areas of research and debate.
A people learning : colonial Victorians and their public institutions for adult learning, 1860-80
Creators: name: Fennessy, Kathleen M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A new MHD-assisted Stokes inversion technique
Creators: name: Riethmüller, T. L.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Barthol, P.
name: Gandorfer, A.
name: Gizon, L.
name: Hirzberger, J.
name: van Noort, M.
name: Rodríguez, J. Blanco
name: Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Pillet, V. Martínez
name: Knölker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method of Stokes inversion of spectropolarimetric data and evaluate it by taking the example of a SUNRISE/IMaX observation. An archive of synthetic Stokes profiles is obtained by the spectral synthesis of state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations and a realistic degradation to the level of the observed data. The definition of a merit function allows the archive to be searched for the synthetic Stokes profiles that match the observed profiles best. In contrast to traditional Stokes inversion codes, which solve the Unno-Rachkovsky equations for the polarized radiative transfer numerically and fit the Stokes profiles iteratively, the new technique provides the full set of atmospheric parameters. This gives us the ability to start an MHD simulation that takes the inversion result as initial condition. After a relaxation process of half an hour solar time we obtain physically consistent MHD data sets with a target similar to the observation. The new MHD simulation is used to repeat the method in a second iteration, which further improves the match between observation and simulation, resulting in a factor of 2.2 lower mean $χ^2$ value. One advantage of the new technique is that it provides the physical parameters on a geometrical height scale. It constitutes a first step towards inversions giving results consistent with the MHD equations.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal on Nov. 15 2016 (part of the Sunrise2 special issue)
Financial fragility, systemic risk and financial systems
Creators: name: Armanious, Amir
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: One of the significant catalysts for the 2007 Global Financial Crisis (̧ ð̧ £̧ œ) events has been systemic risk within financial institutions. Subsequently, systemic risk measurement and management have turned into a more extensively researched area. Currently, researchers have yet to agree on the definition of systemic risk but instead a series of systemic risk definitions have developed. This PhD thesis seeks to offer a new framework for measurement and management of systemic risk. This is achieved by combining the approach and methodology of various dimensions of systemic risk and different econometric techniques. This thesis is a collection of three chapters, which are presented in chapters two, three and four. All three chapters can be read in conjunction with each other as they share the same scope. The main objective of this thesis is to quantify systemic risk within the Eurozone using various models and techniques. The sample is constant across all the three chapters which is the entire Eurozone financial system (4 sectors, 17 member states and 315 financial institutions) and the time framework covers the period 2000-2016, that starts by the inception of Euro and covers three major systemic events of 2001 dotcom bubble, 2007 global financial crisis and 2009 European sovereign debt crisis.
Mechanism of High-Order Harmonic Generation from Periodic Potentials
Creators: name: Du, Tao-Yuan
name: Bian, Xue-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the Bloch electron wave-packet dynamics in periodic potentials to simulate laser-solid interactions. We introduce a quasi-classical model in the \emph{k} space combined with the energy band structure to understand the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) process occurring in a subcycle timescale. This model interprets the multiple plateau structure in HHG spectra well and the linear dependence of cutoff energies on the amplitude of vector potential of the laser fields. It also predicts the emission time of HHG, which agrees well with the results by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). It provides a scheme to reconstruct the energy dispersion relations in Brillouin zone and to control the trajectories of HHG by varying the shape of laser pulses. This model is instructive for experimental measurements.
On the lower bound of the Heisenberg uncertainty product in the Boltzmann states
Creators: name: Wang, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncertainty principle lies at the heart of quantum mechanics, as it describes the fundamental trade-off between the precision of position and momentum measurements. In this work, we study the quantum particle in the Boltzmann states and derive a refined lower bound on the product of Δx and Δp. Our new bound is expressed in terms of the ratio between Δx and the thermal de Broglie wavelength, and provides a valuable tool for characterizing thermodynamic precision. We apply our results to the Brownian oscillator system, where we compare our new bound with the well-known Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Our analysis shows that our new bound offers a more precise measure of the thermodynamic limits of precision.
Ice Grain Collisions in Comparison: CO$_2$, H$_2$O and their Mixtures
Creators: name: Musiolik, Grzegorz
name: Teiser, Jens
name: Jankowski, Tim
name: Wurm, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions of ice particles play an important role in the formation of planetesimals and comets. In recent work we showed, that CO$_2$ ice behaves like silicates in collisions. The resulting assumption was that it should therefore stick less efficiently than H$_2$O ice. Within this paper a quantification of the latter is presented. We used the same experimental setup to study collisions of pure CO$_2$ ice, pure water ice and 50\% mixtures by mass between CO$_2$ and water at 80K, 1 mbar and an average particle size of $\sim 90 μ$m. The results show a strong increase of the threshold velocity between sticking and bouncing with increasing water content. This supports the idea that water ice is favorable for early growth phases of planets in a zone within the H$_2$O and the CO$_2$ iceline.
Topological Exchange Statistics in One Dimension
Creators: name: Harshman, N. L.
name: Knapp, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard topological approach to indistinguishable particles formulates exchange statistics by using the fundamental group to analyze the connectedness of the configuration space. Although successful in two and more dimensions, this approach gives only trivial or near trivial exchange statistics in one dimension because two-body coincidences are excluded from configuration space. Instead, we include these path-ambiguous singular points and consider configuration space as an orbifold. This orbifold topological approach allows unified analysis of exchange statistics in any dimension and predicts novel possibilities for anyons in one-dimensional systems, including non-abelian anyons obeying alternate strand groups. These results clarify the non-topological origin of fractional statistics in one-dimensional anyon models.
description: v5: minor correction from v4; 16 pgs., 5 figs., 111 refs
"Governing and Anticipating Anthropogenic Existential Risks: Envisioning Some New Approaches"
Creators: name: Todorova, Mariana
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: risk societies
anthropogenic existential risks
subjective factors
counterfactuals

description: In my role as a futurist, I delve into the paradigms that pertain to our reality characterized by escalating complexity, the acceleration of social time, and the proliferation and cascading of existential risks. By tracing the origins of the "risk society" concept and elucidating the fundamental attributes of existential risks and their multifaceted nature, I emphasize their inherent distinctions. The contemporary societal landscape, characterized by the "thickening" and compression of the present, reaches a threshold where reflexivity becomes arduous. This necessitates novel approaches and methodologies to address existential risks. The study primarily focuses on anthropogenic existential risks, acknowledging the interplay of subjective and objective factors contributing to their emergence. Subjectively, these risks are influenced by human bounded rationality, knowledge gaps leading to irrationality (cognitive deficits, heuristics, and biases), the employment or neglect of critical and deliberate thinking, and the challenge of comprehending complex systems amidst our cognitive limitations. The article also introduces a novel forecasting methodology that I have developed utilizing the resource of counterfactual analysis. Counterfactuals effectively capture the intricate and fluid essence of our contemporary reality, as elucidated through some illustrative case studies.
"How Did They Come Across?" Lessons Learned from Continuous Affective Ratings
Creators: name: Parreira, Maria Teresa
name: Sack, Michael J.
name: Javed, Hifza
name: Jamali, Nawid
name: Jung, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social distance, or perception of the other, is recognized as a dynamic dimension of an interaction, but yet to be widely explored or understood. Through CORAE, a novel web-based open-source tool for COntinuous Retrospective Affect Evaluation, we collected retrospective ratings of interpersonal perceptions between 12 participant dyads. In this work, we explore how different aspects of these interactions reflect on the ratings collected, through a discourse analysis of individual and social behavior of the interactants. We found that different events observed in the ratings can be mapped to complex interaction phenomena, shedding light on relevant interaction features that may play a role in interpersonal understanding and grounding. This paves the way for better, more seamless human-robot interactions, where affect is interpreted as highly dynamic and contingent on interaction history.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2306.16629
Towards a stationary Monge-Kantorovich dynamics: the Physarum Polycephalum experience
Creators: name: Facca, Enrico
name: Cardin, Franco
name: Putti, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K20, 49M25, 35J70, 35J70

description: In this work we study and expand a model describing the dynamics of a unicellular slime mold, Physarum Polycephalum (PP), which was proposed to simulate the ability of PP to find the shortest path connecting two food sources in a maze. The original model describes the dynamics of the slime mold on a finite dimensional planar graph using a pipe-flow analogy whereby mass transfer occurs because of pressure differences with a conductivity coefficient that varies with the flow intensity. We propose an extension of this model that abandons the graph structure and moves to a continuous domain. Numerical evidence, shows that the model is capable of describing the slime mold dynamics also for large times, accurately reproducing the PP behavior. A notable result related to the original model is that it is equivalent to an optimal transportation problem over the graph as time tends to infinity. In our case, we can only conjecture that our extension presents a time-asymptotic equilibrium. This equilibrium point is precisely the solution of the Monge-Kantorovich (MK) equations at the basis of the PDE formulation of optimal transportation problems. Numerical results obtained with our approach, which combines P1 Finite Elements with forward Euler time stepping, show that the approximate solution converges at large times to an equilibrium configuration that well compares with the numerical solution of the MK-equations.
Lower Bounds on the Oracle Complexity of Nonsmooth Convex Optimization via Information Theory
Creators: name: Braun, Gábor
name: Guzmán, Cristóbal
name: Pokutta, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an information-theoretic approach to lower bound the oracle complexity of nonsmooth black box convex optimization, unifying previous lower bounding techniques by identifying a combinatorial problem, namely string guessing, as a single source of hardness. As a measure of complexity we use distributional oracle complexity, which subsumes randomized oracle complexity as well as worst-case oracle complexity. We obtain strong lower bounds on distributional oracle complexity for the box $[-1,1]^n$, as well as for the $L^p$-ball for $p \geq 1$ (for both low-scale and large-scale regimes), matching worst-case upper bounds, and hence we close the gap between distributional complexity, and in particular, randomized complexity, and worst-case complexity. Furthermore, the bounds remain essentially the same for high-probability and bounded-error oracle complexity, and even for combination of the two, i.e., bounded-error high-probability oracle complexity. This considerably extends the applicability of known bounds.
description: Correctly handle multiple maximizers in the proof of Theorem VI.3; other minor clarifications
Critical current density and trapped field in HTS with asymmetric magnetization loops
Creators: name: Gokhfeld, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applications of the extended critical state model are considered. The trapped magnetic field, the penetration field and the field dependence of the critical current density are analysed. The critical current density and the trapped field in superconducting grains depend on the grain size. Asymmetry of the hysteresis curves relative to the M = 0 axis is related to the scale of the current circulation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, presented in the 9th International Workshop on Processing and Applications of Superconducting (RE)BCO Large Grain Materials (PASREG 2015)
A general framework to test gravity using galaxy clusters VI: Realistic galaxy formation simulations to study clusters in modified gravity
Creators: name: Mitchell, Myles A.
name: Arnold, Christian
name: Li, Baojiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a retuning of the IllustrisTNG baryonic physics model which can be used to run large-box realistic cosmological simulations with a lower resolution. This new model employs a lowered gas density threshold for star formation and reduced energy releases by stellar and black hole feedback. These changes ensure that our simulations can produce sufficient star formation to closely match the observed stellar and gas properties of galaxies and galaxy clusters, despite having $\sim$160 times lower mass resolution than the simulations used to tune the fiducial IllustrisTNG model. Using the retuned model, we have simulated Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity within a $301.75h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$ box. This is, to date, the largest simulation that incorporates both screened modified gravity and full baryonic physics, offering a large sample ($\sim$500) of galaxy clusters and $\sim$8000 galaxy groups. We have reanalysed the effects of the $f(R)$ fifth force on the scaling relations between the cluster mass and four observable proxies: the mass-weighted gas temperature, the Compton $Y$-parameter of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, the X-ray analogue of the $Y$-parameter, and the X-ray luminosity. We show that a set of mappings between the $f(R)$ scaling relations and their $Λ$CDM counterpart, which have been tested in a previous work using a much smaller cosmological volume, are accurate to within a few percent for the $Y$-parameters and $\lesssim7\%$ for the gas temperature for cluster-sized haloes ($10^{14}M_{\odot}\lesssim M_{500}\lesssim10^{15}M_{\odot}$). These mappings will be important for unbiased constraints of gravity using the data from ongoing and upcoming cluster surveys.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; version accepted for publication in MNRAS; added an appendix
Evaluating four-loop conformal Feynman integrals by D-dimensional differential equations
Creators: name: Eden, Burkhard
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate a four-loop conformal integral, i.e. an integral over four four-dimensional coordinates, by turning to its dimensionally regularized version and applying differential equations for the set of the corresponding 213 master integrals. To solve these linear differential equations we follow the strategy suggested by Henn and switch to a uniformly transcendental basis of master integrals. We find a solution to these equations up to weight eight in terms of multiple polylogarithms. Further, we present an analytical result for the given four-loop conformal integral considered in four-dimensional space-time in terms of single-valued harmonic polylogarithms. As a by-product, we obtain analytical results for all the other 212 master integrals within dimensional regularization, i.e. considered in D dimensions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Efficient Approaches for Enclosing the United Solution Set of the Interval Generalized Sylvester Matrix Equations
Creators: name: Dehghani-Madiseh, Marzieh
name: Hladík, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65G30, 15A24

description: In this work, we investigate the interval generalized Sylvester matrix equation ${\bf{A}}X{\bf{B}}+{\bf{C}}X{\bf{D}}={\bf{F}}$ and develop some techniques for obtaining outer estimations for the so-called united solution set of this interval system. First, we propose a modified variant of the Krawczyk operator which causes reducing computational complexity to cubic, compared to Kronecker product form. We then propose an iterative technique for enclosing the solution set. These approaches are based on spectral decompositions of the midpoints of ${\bf{A}}$, ${\bf{B}}$, ${\bf{C}}$ and ${\bf{D}}$ and in both of them we suppose that the midpoints of ${\bf{A}}$ and ${\bf{C}}$ are simultaneously diagonalizable as well as for the midpoints of the matrices ${\bf{B}}$ and ${\bf{D}}$. Some numerical experiments are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed methods.
"The curriculum is ..." : early childhood educators' conceptions of curriculum and developmentally appropriate practice : a comparative case study conducted across two Victorian early childhood educational settings
Creators: name: Edwards, Susan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Electronic properties of 8-Pmmn borophene
Creators: name: Lopez-Bezanilla, Alejandro
name: Littlewood, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations on monolayer 8-{\it Pmmn} borophene are reported to reveal unprecedented electronic properties in a two-dimensional material. Based on a Born effective charge analysis, 8-{\it Pmmn} borophene is the first single-element based monolayered material exhibiting two sublattices with substantial ionic features. The observed Dirac cones are actually formed by the p$_z$ orbitals of one of the inequivalent sublattices composed of uniquely four atoms, yielding an underlying hexagonal network topologically equivalent to distorted graphene. A significant physical outcome of this effect includes the possibility of converting metallic 8-{\it Pmmn} borophene into an indirect band gap semiconductor by means of external shear stress. The stability of the strained structures are supported by a phonon frequency analysis. The Dirac cones are sensitive to the formation of vacancies only in the inequivalent sublattice electronically active at the Fermi level.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A deep deformable residual learning network for SAR images segmentation
Creators: name: Wang, Chenwei
name: Pei, Jifang
name: Huang, Yulin
name: Yang, Jianyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reliable automatic target segmentation in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery has played an important role in the SAR fields. Different from the traditional methods, Spectral Residual (SR) and CFAR detector, with the recent adavance in machine learning theory, there has emerged a novel method for SAR target segmentation, based on the deep learning networks. In this paper, we proposed a deep deformable residual learning network for target segmentation that attempts to preserve the precise contour of the target. For this, the deformable convolutional layers and residual learning block are applied, which could extract and preserve the geometric information of the targets as much as possible. Based on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) data set, experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed network for the precise targets segmentation.
SYSTEM MODELS CONSIDERING COMPONENT OPERATING WINDOWS AND PLANT CHP OPERATING SCENARIOS
Creators: name: Pérez-Fortes, Mar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: gasification
sofc
hot gas conditioning
plant layouts

description: BLAZE (Biomass Low cost Advanced Zero Emission small-to-medium scale integrated gasifier-fuel cell combined heat and power plant) aims at developing an innovative highly efficient and fuel flexible small and medium-scale biomass CHP (Combined Heat and Power generation) technology. This report summarises the work corresponding to T4.1. In Section 3, we point out the biomass types that has been selected in D2.1 to be used in the BLAZE plant. In Section 4, we summarise the relevant input regarding contaminants from D3.2. The BLAZE plant layout is described in Section 5, before explaining the operating windows in Section 6, the operating scenarios in Section 7, and the preliminary plant models and results, in Section 8.
 The results show that the combined heat and power efficiency can go up to 70 % within the selected working conditions and layouts. The importance of selecting the most favourable operating conditions and layout for the (i) gasifier and the (ii) SOFC large stack module (LSM) individually is pointed out, as the system evaluation of different plant layouts show in fact similar final results. At system level, under the current hypotheses and pre-determined heat exchanger network (HEN), the best option is the process flow diagram (PFD) B (not only in terms of efficiency, but also in terms of layout simplicity compared with PFD F). However, note that the final results do not point out a “much better” and a “much worst” solution but, it can be said that, due to the trade-offs identified in terms of auxiliaries’ consumption, final temperatures, heating and cooling needs, the results of PFD’s B, D2 and F do not differ too much from each other (except for the layout and operating conditions differences).
Software Engineering Knowledge Areas in Startup Companies: A Mapping Study
Creators: name: Klotins, Eriks
name: Unterkalmsteiner, Michael
name: Gorschek, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background - Startup companies are becoming important suppliers of innovative and software intensive products. The failure rate among startups is high due to lack of resources, immaturity, multiple influences and dynamic technologies. However, software product engineering is the core activity in startups, therefore inadequacies in applied engineering practices might be a significant contributing factor for high failure rates. Aim - This study identifies and categorizes software engineering knowledge areas utilized in startups to map out the state-of-art, identifying gaps for further research. Method - We perform a systematic literature mapping study, applying snowball sampling to identify relevant primary studies. Results - We have identified 54 practices from 14 studies. Although 11 of 15 main knowledge areas from SWEBOK are covered, a large part of categories is not. Conclusions - Existing research does not provide reliable support for software engineering in any phase of a startup life cycle. Transfer of results to other startups is difficult due to low rigor in current studies.
description: Proceedings 6th International Conference on Software Business (ICSOB 2015), Braga, Portugal, 245-257
A framework for the direct evaluation of large deviations in non-Markovian processes
Creators: name: Cavallaro, Massimo
name: Harris, Rosemary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general framework to simulate stochastic trajectories with arbitrarily long memory dependence and efficiently evaluate large deviation functions associated to time-extensive observables. This extends the "cloning" procedure of Giardiná et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 120603 (2006)] to non-Markovian systems. We demonstrate the validity of this method by testing non-Markovian variants of an ion-channel model and the Totally Asymmetric Exclusion Process, recovering results obtainable by other means.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, supplemental material. v4, page 9: typo from the journal version corrected
Adsorption and STM imaging of tetracyanoethylene on Ag(001): An ab-initio study
Creators: name: Deilmann, Thorsten
name: Krüger, Peter
name: Rohlfing, Michael
name: Wegner, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the adsorption of a single tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) molecule on the silver (001) surface. Adsorption structures, electronic properties, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images are calculated within density-functional theory. Adsorption occurs most favorably in on-top configuration, with the C=C double bond directly above a silver atom and the four N atoms bound to four neighboring Ag atoms. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of TCNE becomes occupied due to electron transfer from the substrate. This state dominates the electronic spectrum and the STM image at moderately negative bias. We discuss and employ a spatial extrapolation technique for the calculation of STM and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) images. Our calculated images are in good agreement with experimental data.
How does helping happen? : a transpersonal, holistic and experiential discovery oriented approach to counselling psychology and psychotherapy research
Creators: name: Edwards, Linda Alice
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Spin-current amplification by stimulated spin pumping
Creators: name: Assouline, Benjamin
name: Brik, Marina
name: Bernstein, Nirel
name: Capua, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated emission is a process during which an atomic system gives away energy to create a coherent photon. It is fundamental to the operation of the optical amplifier. Here we propose two mechanisms for amplifying AC spin currents in a solid-state magnetic medium by a stimulated spin pumping process. The first is synchronous and consists of phase-locked pulses that perturb a precessing magnetic moment. The second is asynchronous and is driven by DC spin currents. The amplification relies on a non-adiabatic interaction taking place in a ferromagnetic medium in which the magnetic moment emits spin angular momentum in the form of spin current before equilibrating with the environment. The pumped spin current amplifies or absorbs the injected AC spin current mimicking the operation of the optical gain medium as readily seen from the gain saturation profiles. The mechanisms we propose are a first step towards a realistic spin current amplifier.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures