cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic impacts on tidal creek sedimentation since 1900
Creators: name: Rodriguez A.B.
name: McKee B.A.
name: Bost M.C.
name: Fodrie F.J.
name: Miller C.B.
name: Deaton C.D.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Land cover and use around the margins of estuaries has shifted since 1950 at many sites in North America due to development pressures from higher population densities. Small coastal watersheds are ubiquitous along estuarine margins and most of this coastal land-cover change occurred in these tidal creek watersheds. A change in land cover could modify the contribution of sediments from tidal creek watersheds to downstream areas and affect estuarine habitats that rely on sediments to persist or are adversely impacted by sediment loading. The resilience of wetlands to accelerating relative sea-level rise depends, in part, on the supply of lithogenic sediment to support accretion and maintain elevation; however, subtidal habitats such as oyster reefs and seagrass beds are stressed under conditions of high turbidity and sedimentation. Here we compare sediment accumulation rates before and after 1950 using 210Pb in 12 tidal creeks across two distinct regions in North Carolina, one region of low relief tidal-creek watersheds where land cover change since 1959 was dominated by fluctuations in forest, silviculture, and agriculture, and another region of relatively high relief tidal-creek watersheds where land-use change was dominated by increasing suburban development. At eight of the creeks, mass accumulation rates (g cm-2 y-1) measured at the outlet of the creeks increased contemporaneously with the largest shift in land cover, within the resolution of the land-cover data set (~5-years). All but two creek sites experienced a doubling or more in sediment accumulation rates (cm yr-1) after 1950 and most sites experienced sediment accumulation rates that exceeded the rate of local relative sea-level rise, suggesting that there is an excess of sediment being delivered to these tidal creeks and that they may slowly be infilling. After 1950, land cover within one creek watershed changed little, as did mass accumulation rates at the coring location, and another creek coring site did not record an increase in mass accumulation rates at the creek outlet despite a massive increase in development in the watershed that included the construction of retention ponds. These abundant tidal-creek watersheds have little relief, area, and flow, but they are impacted by changes in land cover more, in terms of percent area, than their larger riverine counterparts, and down-stream areas are highly connected to their associated watersheds. This work expands the scientific understanding of connectivity between lower coastal plain watersheds and estuaries and provides important information for coastal zone managers seeking to balance development pressures and environmental protections.
title: Die religiöse Gemeinde als organisationaler Akteur. Das Wachstum der „Megakirchen“ in den USA
title: The Religious Congregation as an Organizational Actor: The Growth of Megachurches in the US
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kern, Thomas
name: Pruisken, Insa
name: Schimank, Uwe
Publisher: name: Nomos
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Megakirchen
subject: Organisationswachstum
subject: Akteurwerdung
subject: Popularisierung
subject: Standards
subject: 300

description: Der Beitrag führt das Größenwachstum der Megakirchen in den USA auf eine neuartige Verzahnung zwischen Gesellschafts-, Organisationsund Interaktionsebene zurück. Auf der Grundlage eines Vergleiches von vier US-amerikanischen Gemeinden - davon drei Megakirchen - identifizieren wir vier von den Gemeindeleitungen strategisch eingesetzte Wirkkräfte des Wachstums: Die ersten beiden Wirkkräfte beschreiben unspezifische Bedingungen für Wachstum, die sich auf die Akteurwerdung der Gemeinden beziehen und insofern auch für andere Organisationen gelten. (1) Mit der Umstellung auf Zweckprogrammierung lösen sich die Megakirchen von der Denomination. Konditionalprogramme werden zunehmend durch Zweckprogramme ersetzt (oder ergänzt). (2) Organisationsstrukturen werden auf der Basis von präferenzbasierten Standards evaluiert. Die Angebote der Gemeinden werden auf diese Weise - über Denominationsgrenzen hinweg - vergleichbar gemacht. Die weiteren beiden Wirkkräfte sind spezifische Bedingungen für das Wachstum der Megakirchen: (3) Wachsende Gemeinden bilden an ihrer Peripherie eine breite Zone der populären Kultur aus. Durch organisierte Events werden so viele Personen wie möglich in die Gemeinde integriert. (4) Der Modus der Einbindung von Mitgliedern verschiebt sich von der Identifikation mit der Denomination auf das Angebot einer Vielzahl an Leistungen zur Förderung der persönlichen Spiritualität. Über Angebote zur methodischen Selbstperfektionierung wachsen die Mitglieder aber nicht nur spirituell, sondern werden systematisch immer stärker in die Organisation eingebunden.
Average power limitations in Sliding Window Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha
Creators: name: Meloni, Alessio
name: Murroni, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently a new Random Access technique based on Aloha and using Interference Cancellation (IC) named Sliding Window Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha (SW-CRDSA) has been introduced. Differently from classic CRDSA that operates grouping slots in frames, this technique operates in an unframed manner yielding to better throughput results and smaller average packet delay with respect to frame-based CRDSA. However as classic CRDSA also SW-CRDSA relies on multiple transmission of the same packet. While this can be acceptable in systems where the only limit resides in the peak transmission power, it could represent a problem when constraints on the average power (e.g. at the transponder of a satellite system) are present. In this paper, a comparison in terms of normalized efficiency is carried out between Slotted Aloha and the two CRDSA techniques.
description: 9th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2013; IEEE proceedings 2013
Sorting Networks: the End Game
Creators: name: Codish, Michael
name: Cruz-Filipe, Luís
name: Schneider-Kamp, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies properties of the back end of a sorting network and illustrates the utility of these in the search for networks of optimal size or depth. All previous works focus on properties of the front end of networks and on how to apply these to break symmetries in the search. The new properties help shed understanding on how sorting networks sort and speed-up solvers for both optimal size and depth by an order of magnitude.
Dislocation generation and propagation during flash lamp annealing
Creators: name: Kissinger, G.
name: Kot, D.
name: Schubert, M.A.
name: Sattler, A.
Publisher: name: Pennington, NJ : ECS
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: dislocation
subject: flash lamp annealing
subject: silicon
subject: yielding
subject: 620

description: Dislocation generation and propagation during flash lamp annealing for 20 ms was investigated using wafers with sawed, ground, and etched surfaces. Due to the thermal stress resulting from the temperature profiles generated by the flash pre-existing dislocations propagate into the wafer from both surfaces during flash lamp annealing. A dislocation free zone was observed around 700 μm depth below the surface of a 900 μm thick sawed wafer. The dislocation propagation can be well described by a three-dimensional mechanical model. It was further demonstrated that in wafers being initially free of dislocations no dislocations are generated during flash lamp annealing.
Additional file 1 of Leisure-time and occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: a systematic-review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Creators: name: Kazemi, Asma
name: Soltani, Sepideh
name: Aune, Dagfinn
name: Hosseini, Elham
name: Mokhtari, Zeinab
name: Hassanzadeh, Zahra
name: Jayedi, Ahmad
name: Pitanga, Francisco
name: Akhlaghi, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Arsenite Methyltransferase Is an Important Mediator of Hematotoxicity Induced by Arsenic in Drinking Water
Creators: name: Wan, Guanghua
name: Martin, Kaitlin J.
name: Liu, Ke Jian
name: Santos-Medina, Laura V.
name: Medina, Sebastian
name: Zhou, Xixi
name: Yee, Zachary A.
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Zhang, Haikun
name: Bolt, Alicia M.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Chronic arsenic exposures via the consumption of contaminated drinking water are clearly associated with many deleterious health outcomes, including anemia. Following exposure, trivalent inorganic arsenic (AsIII) is methylated through a series of arsenic (+III oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3MT)-dependent reactions, resulting in the production of several intermediates with greater toxicity than the parent inorganic arsenicals. The extent to which inorganic vs. methylated arsenicals contribute to AsIII-induced hematotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, the contribution of As3MT-dependent biotransformation to the development of anemia was evaluated in male As3mt-knockout (KO) and wild-type, C57BL/6J, mice following 60-day drinking water exposures to 1 mg/L (ppm) AsIII. The evaluation of hematological indicators of anemia revealed significant reductions in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit in AsIII-exposed wild-type mice as compared to unexposed controls. No such changes in the blood of As3mt-KO mice were detected. Compared with unexposed controls, the percentages of mature RBCs in the bone marrow and spleen (measured by flow cytometry) were significantly reduced in the bone marrow of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. This was accompanied by increased levels of mature RBCS in the spleen and elevated levels of circulating erythropoietin in the serum of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. Taken together, the findings from the present study suggest that As3MT-dependent biotransformation has an essential role in mediating the hematotoxicity of AsIII following drinking water exposures.
Diverse Effects of Mass Media on Concerns about Immigration: New Evidence from Germany, 2001–2016
Creators: name: Erhard, Lukas
name: Heiberger, Raphael
name: Windzio, Michael
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: immigration
subject: Germany
subject: Mass Media
subject: Concerns
subject: 300

description: Media discourse is often seen as an important condition of people’s attitudes and perceptions. Despite a rich literature, however, it is not well understood how media exposure influences attitudes towards immigrants. In contrast to previous studies, we argue that people rely on ‘availability heuristics’ shaped by mass media. From that point of view, it is the specific content of media discourse on immigration that affects people’s concerns. We use structural topic models to classify media content of more than 24,000 articles of leading German newspapers from 2001 to 2016. Utilizing linear fixed-effects models allows us to relate a person’s concern towards immigration, as reported in the German Socioeconomic Panel, to prevalent topics discussed in print media while controlling for several confounding factors (e.g., party preferences, interest in politics, etc.). We find a robust relationship between topic salience and attitudes towards integration. Our results reveal that specific topics with negative contents (e.g., domestic violence) increase concerns, while others (e.g., scientific studies, soccer) decrease concerns substantially, underlining the importance of available information provided by media. In addition, people with higher education are generally less affected by media salience of topics.
Additional file 1: of Applicability and added value of novel methods to improve drug development in rare diseases
Creators: name: Mitroiu, Marian
name: Rengerink, Katrien Oude
name: Pontes, Caridad
name: Aranzazu Sancho
name: Vives, Roser
name: Pesiou, Stella
name: Fontanet, Juan
name: Torres, Ferran
name: Nikolakopoulos, Stavros
name: Pateras, Konstantinos
name: Rosenkranz, Gerd
name: Posch, Martin
name: Urach, Susanne
name: Ristl, Robin
name: Koch, Armin
name: Spineli Loukia
name: Lee, Johanna Van Der
name: Roes, Kit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Provided in doc file: Supplementary Materials.docx. Appendix 1: Data extraction form for EPARs including condition summary and criteria list. Appendix 2: Decision tree structure for methods evaluation of applicability. Appendix 3: List of characteristics used to build the studies profile. Figure S1. Proposed method based on validation exercise. How to determine on the optimal trial design (DOCX 35 kb)
title: It takes two: Building the vertebrate skull from chondrocranium and dermatocranium
Creators: name: Pitirri, M. Kathleen
name: Kawasaki, Kazuhiko
name: Richtsmeier, Joan T.
Publisher: name: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Year: 2020

description: In most modern bony vertebrates, a considerable portion of the chondrocranium remains cartilaginous only during a relatively small window of embryonic development, making it difficult to study this complex structure. Yet, the transient nature of some chondrocranial elements is precisely why it is so intriguing. Since the chondrocranium has never been lost in any vertebrate, its function is critical to craniofacial development, disease, and evolution. Experimental evidence for the various roles of the chondrocranium is limited, and though snapshots of chondrocranial development in various species at isolated time points are valuable and informative, these cannot provide the data needed to determine the functions of the chondrocranium, or its relationship to the dermatocranium in evolution, in development, or in disease. Observations of the spatiotemporal associations of chondrocranial cartilage, cartilage bone, and dermal bone over early developmental time are available for many vertebrate species and these observations represent the data from which we can build hypotheses. The testing of those hypotheses requires precise control of specific variables like developmental time and molecular signaling that can only be accomplished in a laboratory setting. Here, we employ recent advances in contrast-enhanced micro computed tomography to provide novel 3D reconstructions of the embryonic chondrocranium in relation to forming dermal and cartilage bones in laboratory mice across three embryonic days (E13.5, E14.5, and E15.5). Our observations provide support for the established hypothesis that the vertebrate dermal (exo-) skeleton and endoskeleton evolved as distinct structures and remain distinct. Additionally, we identify spatiotemporal patterning in the development of the lateral wall, roof, and braincase floor of the chondrocranium and the initial mineralization and growth of the bones associated with these cartilages that provides support for the hypothesis that the chondrocranium serves as a scaffold for developing dermatocranial bones. The experimental protocols described and data presented provide tools for further experimental work on chondrocranial development.
AtomNet-Aided OTUD7B Inhibitor Discovery and Validation
Creators: name: Liu, Pengda
name: Yu, Le
name: Bolhuis, Derek L.
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Brown, Nicholas G.
name: Emanuele, Michael J.
name: Chen, Jianfeng
name: Kong, Deyu
name: Laggner, Christian
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Protein deubiquitinases play critical pathophysiological roles in cancer. Among all deubiquitinases, an oncogenic function for OTUD7B has been established in genetic NSCLC murine models. However, few deubiquitinase inhibitors have been developed due to technical challenges. Here, we report a putative small molecule OTUD7B inhibitor obtained from an AI-aided screen of a 4 million compound library. We validated the effects of the OTUD7B inhibitor (7Bi) in reducing Akt-pS473 signals in multiple NSCLC and HEK293 cells by blocking OTUD7B-governed GβL deubiquitination in cells, as well as inhibiting OTUD7B-mediated cleavage of K11-linked di-ub in an in vitro enzyme assay. Furthermore, we report in leukemia cells, either genetic depletion or 7Bi-mediated pharmacological inhibition of OTUD7B reduces Akt-pS473 via inhibiting the OTUD7B/GβL signaling axis. Together, our study identifies the first putative OTUD7B inhibitor showing activities both in cells and in vitro, with promising applications as a therapeutic agent in treating cancer with OTUD7B overexpression.
Additional file 2 of Leisure-time and occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: a systematic-review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Creators: name: Kazemi, Asma
name: Soltani, Sepideh
name: Aune, Dagfinn
name: Hosseini, Elham
name: Mokhtari, Zeinab
name: Hassanzadeh, Zahra
name: Jayedi, Ahmad
name: Pitanga, Francisco
name: Akhlaghi, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Growth, development and quality of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima fruits under two environmental tropical conditions
Creators: name: Mayorga, Mildred
name: Fischer, Gerhard
name: Melgarejo, Luz Marina
name: Parra-Coronado, Alfonso
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2020

description: The curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima) is an important Andean fruit in bioprospecting industries because of its pleasant taste and aroma, antioxidant potential and sedative action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of curuba plants and the physicochemical characteristics of fruits under two environmental tropical altitudinal conditions. Crops were established in a low zone (2,006 m.a.s.l.) and a high zone (2,498 m.a.s.l.) in the municipality of Pasca (Cundinamarca, Colombia). Phenological monitoring was carried out in the principal growth stages. The weight, length, diameter, color, firmness, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity and organic acid content were measured in the fruits. Climatic parameters were monitored during the crop cycle, and base temperatures and thermal times were estimated. The temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were the climatic factors that had the greatest effect on plant development. The base temperatures of growth of the primary branches, floral buds and fruits were 4.3°C, 3.1°C and 0.01°C, respectively. In the lower zone, the plants accumulated more growing degree days than in the upper zone. The fruits in the upper zone presented a higher weight, total titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content. The plants presented a marked response to the differential agroecological conditions of the two sites.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol. 93 (2020): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
How to recognize convexity of a set from its marginals
Creators: name: Figalli, Alessio
name: Jerison, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the regularity of the marginals onto hyperplanes for sets of finite perimeter. We prove, in particular, that if a set of finite perimeter has log-concave marginals onto a.e. hyperplane then the set is convex.
Why stars inflate to and deflate from red giant dimensions, II: replies to critics
Creators: name: Renzini, Alvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a 1992 paper of ours the role of opacity-driven thermal instabilities in shaping the course of stellar evolution was amply illustrated. This included the classical issue of ``{\it why stars become red giants"} as well as the subsequent formation of extended ``Cepheids" {\it blue loops} during the helium burning phases. Our explanation of these evolutionary phenomena has been occasionally dismissed with just a few words in refereed or not refereed publications. In a most recent case, the fact that, through the years, I did not reply to these criticisms is interpreted as evidence that they were well founded. In this paper it is made clear that this is not at all the case, the leading role of such instabilities is instead reaffirmed and the criticisms are shown to be insubstantial.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, in press on MNRAS
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF OFLOXACIN LOADED NANOSPONGES IN GIT INFECTIONS USING BOX-BEHNKEN DESIGN
Creators: name: Arunesh Kumar Dwivedi
name: Saurabh Kumar Kesharwani
name: Nidhi Bhatt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nanotechnology, Ofloxacin, Nanosponges, Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method.

description: Abstract
The objective of this study was to design ofloxacin loaded nanosponges which is a which is a BCS class II drug. Nanosponges are nano size particles which has reduced side effects as well as provide sustained release of drug. In the initial phase of the project, the pre- formulation studies were performed such as physical characterization, solubility of pure drug, determination of λmax by UV spectroscopy, FT-IR of drug and solvents, along with calibration of drug. Further preparation of nanosponges were done by emulsion-solvent diffusion method utilising polyvinyl alcohol, dichloromethane, ethyl-cellulose, and drug- ofloxacin. Overall, fifteen formulations have been prepared with variation in drug concentration and solvents. The prepared nanosponges were subjected for evaluation for parameters such as particle size determination, % Drug Entrapment, % Drug Release, % Yield, FT-IR analysis, and SEM analysis of best formulation. The desired property of nanosponges was obtained by design of experiment method, according to which, the final optimized formulation obtained as A: 500mg, B: 100mg, C: 75mg. The particle size of optimized formulation was obtained as 289.9 nm, with 68 % drug release, 95.2% drug entrapment, and 88.2 % yield.
Can vaccine prioritization reduce disparities in COVID-19 burden for historically marginalized populations?
Creators: name: Keskinocak, Pinar
name: Johnson, Karl
name: Boyce, Ross
name: Delamater, Paul
name: Mele, Jessica
name: Patel, Mehul D.
name: Lich, Kristen Hassmiller
name: Ivy, Julie S.
name: Rosenstrom, Erik T.
name: Mayorga, Maria E.
name: Smith, Raymond
name: Swann, Julie L.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies were designed to reduce COVID-19 mortality, morbidity, and health inequities. To assess the impact of vaccination strategies on disparities in COVID-19 burden among historically marginalized populations (HMPs), e.g. Black race and Hispanic ethnicity, we used an agent-based simulation model, populated with census-tract data from North Carolina. We projected COVID-19 deaths, hospitalizations, and cases from 2020 July 1 to 2021 December 31, and estimated racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes. We modeled 2-stage vaccination prioritization scenarios applied to sub-groups including essential workers, older adults (65+), adults with high-risk health conditions, HMPs, or people in low-income tracts. Additionally, we estimated the effects of maximal uptake (100% for HMP vs. 100% for everyone), and distribution to only susceptible people. We found strategies prioritizing essential workers, then older adults led to the largest mortality and case reductions compared to no prioritization. Under baseline uptake scenarios, the age-adjusted mortality for HMPs was higher (e.g. 33.3%-34.1% higher for the Black population and 13.3%-17.0% for the Hispanic population) compared to the White population. The burden on HMPs decreased only when uptake was increased to 100% in HMPs; however, the Black population still had the highest relative mortality rate even when targeted distribution strategies were employed. If prioritization schemes were not paired with increased uptake in HMPs, disparities did not improve. The vaccination strategies publicly outlined were insufficient, exacerbating disparities between racial and ethnic groups. Strategies targeted to increase vaccine uptake among HMPs are needed to ensure equitable distribution and minimize disparities in outcomes.
Relationship between temperature and apparent shape of pristine ice crystals derived from polarimetric cloud radar observations during the ACCEPT campaign
Creators: name: Myagkov, Alexander
name: Seifert, Patric
name: Wandinger, Ulla
name: Bühl, Johannes
name: Engelmann, Ronny
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: cloud microphysics
subject: dielectric property
subject: Earth science
subject: hydrometeorology
subject: ice crystal
subject: observational method
subject: particle size
subject: polarization
subject: pristine environment
subject: shape analysis
subject: 550

description: This paper presents first quantitative estimations of apparent ice particle shape at the top of liquid-topped clouds. Analyzed ice particles were formed under mixed-phase conditions in the presence of supercooled water and in the temperature range from −20 to −3 °C. The estimation is based on polarizability ratios of ice particles measured by a Ka-band cloud radar MIRA-35 with hybrid polarimetric configuration. Polarizability ratio is a function of the geometrical axis ratio and the dielectric properties of the observed hydrometeors. For this study, 22 cases observed during the ACCEPT (Analysis of the Composition of Clouds with Extended Polarization Techniques) field campaign were used. Polarizability ratios retrieved for cloud layers with the cloud-top temperatures of ∼ −5, ∼ −8, ∼ −15, and ∼ −20 °C were 1.6, 0.9, 0.6, and 0.9, respectively. Such values correspond to prolate, quasi-isotropic, oblate, and quasi-isotropic particles, respectively. Data from a free-fall chamber were used for the comparison. A good agreement of detected apparent shapes with well-known shape–temperature dependencies observed in laboratories was found. Polarizability ratios used for the analysis were estimated for areas located close to the cloud top, where aggregation and riming processes do not strongly affect ice particles. We concluded that, in microwave scattering models, ice particles detected in these areas can be assumed to have pristine shapes. It was also found that even slight variations of ambient conditions at the cloud top with temperatures warmer than ∼ −5 °C can lead to rapid changes of ice crystal shape.
Characterizing the neighborhood risk environment in multisite clinic-based cohort studies: A practical geocoding and data linkages protocol for protected health information
Creators: name: Mugavero M.J.
name: Agil D.
name: Wilson-Barthes M.G.
name: Dulin A.J.
name: Nassel A.
name: Howe C.J.
name: Napravnik S.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Background Maintaining patient privacy when geocoding and linking residential address information with neighborhood-level data can create challenges during research. Challenges may arise when study staff have limited training in geocoding and linking data, or when non-study staff with appropriate expertise have limited availability, are unfamiliar with a study’s population or objectives, or are not affordable for the study team. Opportunities for data breaches may also arise when working with non-study staff who are not on-site. We detail a free, user-friendly protocol for constructing indices of the neighborhood risk environment during multisite, clinic-based cohort studies that rely on participants’ protected health information. This protocol can be implemented by study staff who do not have prior training in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and can help minimize the operational costs of integrating geographic data into public health projects. Methods This protocol demonstrates how to: (1) securely geocode patients’ residential addresses in a clinic setting and match geocoded addresses to census tracts using Geographic Information System software (Esri, Redlands, CA); (2) ascertain contextual variables of the risk environment from the American Community Survey and ArcGIS Business Analyst (Esri, Redlands, CA); (3) use geoidentifiers to link neighborhood risk data to census tracts containing geocoded addresses; and (4) assign randomly generated identifiers to census tracts and strip census tracts of their geoidentifiers to maintain patient confidentiality. Results Completion of this protocol generates three neighborhood risk indices (i.e., Neighborhood Disadvantage Index, Murder Rate Index, and Assault Rate Index) for patients’ coded census tract locations. Conclusions This protocol can be used by research personnel without prior GIS experience to easily create objective indices of the neighborhood risk environment while upholding patient confidentiality. Future studies can adapt this protocol to fit their specific patient populations and analytic objectives.
IGR J17480-2446: a new class of accreting binaries?
Creators: name: Bonanno, Alfio
name: Urpin, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of long-period, low magnetic field pulsars in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) represents a challenge for the standard evolutionary scenario. These pulsars have a magnetic field strength comparable to that of millisecond pulsars ($\sim 10^8 - 10^9$ G), but their period is at least an order of magnitude longer. We discuss the origin of this new class of pulsars within the standard picture of LMXBs formation and apply our results to the case of IGR J17480-2446. The magnetothermal evolution of the binary system is studied numerically by taking into account the effect of different accretion rates during the Roche-lobe overflow in the framework of the minimal cooling scenario. We show that, in addition to standard millisecond pulsars, long-period low magnetic field pulsars should also be expected as a possible outcome of the binary evolution, depending on the strength of the accretion rate during the Roche-lobe overflow. In particular, we argue that IGR J17480-2446 belongs to this new class of objects.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Astronomy and Astrophysics, to appear
Additional file 2 of Health Benefits of Different Sports: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies Including 2.6 Million Adult Participants
Creators: name: Oja, Pekka
name: Memon, Aamir Raoof
name: Titze, Sylvia
name: Jurakic, Danijel
name: Chen, Si-Tong
name: Shrestha, Nipun
name: Em, Sowannry
name: Matolic, Tena
name: Vasankari, Tommi
name: Heinonen, Ari
name: Grgic, Jozo
name: Koski, Pasi
name: Kokko, Sami
name: Kelly, Paul
name: Foster, Charlie
name: Podnar, Hrvoje
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Summary of intervention trials on health effects of participation in specific sports.
Causality-based CTR Prediction using Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhai, Panyu
name: Yang, Yanwu
name: Zhang, Chunjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68Txx

description: As a prevalent problem in online advertising, CTR prediction has attracted plentiful attention from both academia and industry. Recent studies have been reported to establish CTR prediction models in the graph neural networks (GNNs) framework. However, most of GNNs-based models handle feature interactions in a complete graph, while ignoring causal relationships among features, which results in a huge drop in the performance on out-of-distribution data. This paper is dedicated to developing a causality-based CTR prediction model in the GNNs framework (Causal-GNN) integrating representations of feature graph, user graph and ad graph in the context of online advertising. In our model, a structured representation learning method (GraphFwFM) is designed to capture high-order representations on feature graph based on causal discovery among field features in gated graph neural networks (GGNNs), and GraphSAGE is employed to obtain graph representations of users and ads. Experiments conducted on three public datasets demonstrate the superiority of Causal-GNN in AUC and Logloss and the effectiveness of GraphFwFM in capturing high-order representations on causal feature graph.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
Urban design and planning policy
Creators: name: Balula, Luis D.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The rising authority of neo-traditional urban planning and design--either in the United States via New Urbanism or in Europe via the European Urban Renaissance--might provide much needed answers to the failures of Modern Urbanism to produce sustainable urban environments. Nevertheless, the ethos of modernist spatial planning seems to be pervasive on current planning processes despite its many flaws. This study aims at learning how urban design theory--and in particular neo-traditional urban design theory--can inspire and reform extant planning practices so as to counteract incoherent urban growth and promote a more inclusive and sustainable urbanism. A contextual analysis of the Portuguese planning system and its capacity to incorporate neo-traditional urban design concerns was conducted by various methods. First, a research of relevant legislation helped ascertain the national framework of spatial planning and its rapport with matters of urban design. Second, a nationwide survey was conducted in order to learn about urban development experts’ attitudes towards key principles of neo-traditional urban design. Third, a series of interviews with public officials in charge of urban planning in the city of Évora helped determine major challenges of local development control, and the way current legal and institutional regimes affect urban design quality. Fourth, a spatial survey of Évora's neighborhoods provided an overview of the outcomes of different planning processes. Fifth, a visual preference survey evaluated the preferences of the general public, in particular the residents of Évora, in terms of city image.Major findings of these inquiries show that while both experts and laypersons seem to support neo-traditional urban design principles, the former are quite inconsistent in their assessments. Moreover, several issues emerged as major obstacles to the improvement of the current planning system, such as the exceedingly bureaucratic proceedings of urban design plans, very limited public participation, or a lack of consistent criteria to review the design quality of urban projects. Ultimately, the data suggests that in order to turn urban design into a successful policy tool it is necessary to promote a concerted effort in the fields of planning and development control, public participation, and environmental education.
Continuous monitoring of the boundary-layer top with lidar
Creators: name: Baars, H.
name: Ansmann, A.
name: Engelmann, R.
name: Althausen, D.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Continuous lidar observations of the top height of the boundary layer (BL top) have been performed at Leipzig (51.3° N, 12.4° E), Germany, since August 2005. The results of measurements taken with a compact, automated Raman lidar over a one–year period (February 2006 to January 2007) are presented. Main goals of the study are (a) to demonstrate that BL top monitoring with lidar throughout the year is possible, (b) to present the required data analysis method that permits an automated, robust retrieval of BL top at all weather situations, and (c) to use this opportunity to compare the lidar-derived BL top data with respective BL tops hourly predicted by the regional weather forecast model COSMO. Four different lidar methods for the determination of the BL top are discussed. The wavelet covariance algorithm is modified so that an automated retrieval of BL depths from lidar data is possible. Three case studies of simultaneous observations with the Raman lidar, a vertical-wind Doppler lidar, and accompanying radiosonde profiling of temperature and humidity are presented to compare the potential and the limits of the four lidar techniques. The statistical analysis of the one-year data set reveals that the seasonal mean of the daytime (about 08:00–20:00 Local Time, LT) maximum BL top is 1400 m in spring, 1800 m in summer, 1200 m in autumn, and 800 m in winter at the continental, central European site. BL top typically increases by 100–300 m per hour in the morning of convective days. The comparison between the lidar-derived BL top heights and the predictions of COSMO yields a general underestimation of the BL top by about 20% by the model.
National Report for the International Association of Geodesy of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 2007-2010
Creators: name: Boyarsky, E. A.
name: Vitushkin, L. F.
name: Gerasimenko, M. D.
name: Demianov, G. V.
name: Kaufman, M. B.
name: Kaftan, V. I.
name: Mazurova, E. M.
name: Malkin, Z. M.
name: Molodenskii, S. M.
name: Neyman, Yu. M.
name: Pevnev, A. K.
name: Savinykh, V. P.
name: Steblov, G. M.
name: Tatevian, S. K.
name: Tolchel'nikova, S. A.
name: Shestakov, N. V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report submitted to the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) contains results obtained by Russian geodesists in 2007-2010. In the report prepared for the XXV General Assembly of IUGG (Australia, Melbourne, 28 June - 7 July 2011), the results of principal researches in geodesy, geodynamics, gravimetry, in the studies of geodetic reference frame creation and development, Earth's shape and gravity field, Earth's rotation, geodetic theory, its application and some other directions are briefly described. The period from 2007 to 2010 was still difficult for Russian geodesy mainly due to the permanent reformation of state geodetic administration as well as state education structure and organization. The report is organized as a sequence of abstracts of principal publications and presentations for symposia, conferences, workshops, etc. Each of the report paragraphs includes a list of scientific papers published in 2007-2010 including those prepared in cooperation of Russian scientists and their colleagues from other countries. Some interesting international and national scientific events are reflected in the text too. For some objective reasons not all results obtained by Russian scientists on the problems of geodesy are included in the report.
Additional file 7 of Health Benefits of Different Sports: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies Including 2.6 Million Adult Participants
Creators: name: Oja, Pekka
name: Memon, Aamir Raoof
name: Titze, Sylvia
name: Jurakic, Danijel
name: Chen, Si-Tong
name: Shrestha, Nipun
name: Em, Sowannry
name: Matolic, Tena
name: Vasankari, Tommi
name: Heinonen, Ari
name: Grgic, Jozo
name: Koski, Pasi
name: Kokko, Sami
name: Kelly, Paul
name: Foster, Charlie
name: Podnar, Hrvoje
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: The effects of cycling on health outcomes: results of four sensitivity meta-analyses in which missing correlations were replaced with 0.50.
Comparing the return on investment of technologies to detect substandard and falsified amoxicillin: A Kenya case study
Creators: name: Higgins C.R.
name: Kobia B.
name: Ozawa S.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: The prevalence of substandard and falsified medicines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is a major global public health concern. Multiple screening technologies for post-market surveillance of medicine quality have been developed but there exists no clear guidance on which technology is optimal for LMICs. This study examined the return on investment (ROI) of implementing a select number of screening technologies for post-market surveillance of amoxicillin quality in a case study of Kenya. An agent-based model, Examining Screening Technologies using Economic Evaluations for Medicines (ESTEEM), was developed to estimate the costs, benefits, and ROI of implementing screening technologies for post-market surveillance of substandard and falsified amoxicillin for treatment of pediatric pneumonia in Kenya. The model simulated sampling, testing, and removal of substandard and falsified amoxicillin from the Kenyan market using five screening technologies: (1) Global Pharma Health Fund’s GPHF-Minilab, (2) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), (3) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), (4) paper analytical devices / antibiotic paper analytical devices (PADs/aPADs), and (5) Raman spectroscopy. The study team analyzed the population impact of utilizing amoxicillin for the treatment of pneumonia in children under age five in Kenya. We found that the GPHF-Minilab, NIR, and PADs/aPADs were similar in their abilities to rapidly screen for and remove substandard and falsified amoxicillin from the Kenyan market resulting in a higher ROI compared to HPLC. NIR and PADs/aPADs yielded the highest ROI at $21 (90% Uncertainty Range (UR) $5-$51) each, followed by GPHF-Minilab ($16, 90%UR $4 - $38), Raman ($9, 90%UR $2 - $21), and HPLC ($3, 90%UR $0 - $7). This study highlights screening technologies that can be used to reduce costs, speed up the removal of poor-quality medicines, and consequently improve health and economic outcomes in LMICs. National medicine regulatory authorities should adopt these fast, reliable, and low-cost screening technologies to better detect substandard and falsified medicines, reserving HPLC for confirmatory tests.
The transcriptional landscape of endogenous retroelements delineates esophageal adenocarcinoma subtypes.
Creators: name: Kazachenka, Anastasiya
name: Loong, Jane Hc
name: Attig, Jan
name: Young, George R
name: Ganguli, Piyali
name: Devonshire, Ginny
name: Grehan, Nicola
name: Consortium, The OCCAMS
name: Ciccarelli, Francesca D
name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C
name: Kassiotis, George
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Tumour Biology
subject: Gene Expression
subject: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genome Integrity & Repair
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Most cancer types exhibit aberrant transcriptional activity, including derepression of retrotransposable elements (RTEs). However, the degree, specificity and potential consequences of RTE transcriptional activation may differ substantially among cancer types and subtypes. Representing one extreme of the spectrum, we characterize the transcriptional activity of RTEs in cohorts of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor Barrett's esophagus (BE) from the OCCAMS (Oesophageal Cancer Clinical and Molecular Stratification) consortium, and from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas). We found exceptionally high RTE inclusion in the EAC transcriptome, driven primarily by transcription of genes incorporating intronic or adjacent RTEs, rather than by autonomous RTE transcription. Nevertheless, numerous chimeric transcripts straddling RTEs and genes, and transcripts from stand-alone RTEs, particularly KLF5- and SOX9-controlled HERVH proviruses, were overexpressed specifically in EAC. Notably, incomplete mRNA splicing and EAC-characteristic intronic RTE inclusion was mirrored by relative loss of the respective fully-spliced, functional mRNA isoforms, consistent with compromised cellular fitness. Defective RNA splicing was linked with strong transcriptional activation of a HERVH provirus on Chr Xp22.32 and defined EAC subtypes with distinct molecular features and prognosis. Our study defines distinguishable RTE transcriptional profiles of EAC, reflecting distinct underlying processes and prognosis, thus providing a framework for targeted studies.
Bounds for the genus of a normal surface
Creators: name: Jaco, William
name: Johnson, Jesse
name: Spreer, Jonathan
name: Tillmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 57Q15, 57M20, 57N35, 53A05

description: This paper gives sharp linear bounds on the genus of a normal surface in a triangulated compact, orientable 3--manifold in terms of the quadrilaterals in its cell decomposition---different bounds arise from varying hypotheses on the surface or triangulation. Two applications of these bounds are given. First, the minimal triangulations of the product of a closed surface and the closed interval are determined. Second, an alternative approach to the realisation problem using normal surface theory is shown to be less powerful than its dual method using subcomplexes of polytopes.
description: 38 pages, 25 figures
Characterization of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor-Related Protein 2 Interactions with Heterochromatin
Creators: name: MacDonald, Ian A.
name: Hathaway, Nathaniel A.
name: Stanley, Karly A.
name: Wistner, Sarah C.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The expression of genetic information is tightly controlled by chromatin regulatory proteins, including those in the heterochromatin gene repression family. Many of these regulatory proteins work together on the chromatin substrate to precisely regulate gene expression during mammalian development, giving rise to many different tissues in higher organisms from a fixed genomic template. Here we identify and characterize the interactions of two related heterochromatin regulatory proteins, heterochromatin protein 1 alpha (HP1α) and M-phase phosphoprotein 8 (MPP8), with hepatoma-derived growth factor-related protein 2 (HRP2). We find in biochemical experiments that HRP2 copurifies and co-sediments with heterochromatin-associated proteins, including HP1α and MPP8. Using the Chromatin in vivo Assay in multiple cell types, we demonstrate that HP1α-mediated gene repression dynamics are altered by the presence of HRP2. Furthermore, the knockout of HRP2 in MDA-MB-231 cells results in significant changes to chromatin structure and stability, which alter gene expression patterns. Here, we detail a mechanism by which HRP2 contributes to epigenetic transcriptional regulation through engagement with heterochromatin-associated proteins to stabilize the chromatin landscape and influence gene expression.