cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A strontium lattice clock with $3 \times 10^{-17}$ inaccuracy and its frequency
Creators: name: Falke, Stephan
name: Lemke, Nathan
name: Grebing, Christian
name: Lipphardt, Burghard
name: Weyers, Stefan
name: Gerginov, Vladislav
name: Huntemann, Nils
name: Hagemann, Christian
name: Al-Masoudi, Ali
name: Häfner, Sebastian
name: Vogt, Stefan
name: Sterr, Uwe
name: Lisdat, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the absolute frequency of the optical lattice clock based on $^{87}$Sr at PTB with an uncertainty of $3.9\times 10^{-16}$ using two caesium fountain clocks. This is close to the accuracy of today's best realizations of the SI second. The absolute frequency of the 5s$^2$ $^1$S$_0$-5s5p $^3$P$_0$ transition in $^{87}$Sr is 429,228,004,229,873.13(17) Hz. Our result is in excellent agreement with recent measurements performed in different laboratories worldwide. We improved the total systematic uncertainty of our Sr frequency standard by a factor of five and reach $3\times 10^{-17}$, opening new prospects for frequency ratio measurements between optical clocks for fundamental research, geodesy, or optical clock evaluation.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Antifungal potential of essential oils from different botanical sources against Penicillium digitatum: chemical composition and antifungal mechanisms of action by direct contact and volatile
Creators: name: de Souza, Estefania Júlia Dierings
name: Kringel, Dianini Hüttner
name: de Lima Costa, Igor Henrique
name: dos Santos Hackbart, Helen Cristina
name: Cantillano, Rufino Fernando Flores
name: Ueno, Bernardo
name: Dias, Alvaro Renato Guerra
name: da Rosa Zavareze, Elessandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Fungal deterioration is a recurring problem in citrus fruits, and the search for natural preservatives has been widely publicised. Therefore, the in vitro antifungal activity of clove, white thyme, tea tree, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus staigeriana, green mandarin, sicilian lemon, sweet orange, and bergamot essential oils (EO’s) was evaluated against the mycelial growth of Penicillium digitatum isolated from contaminated citrus fruits, by direct contact and volatiles action. In addition, the chemical composition and volatile compounds of the EO’s were evaluated by gas chromatography. Clove, white thyme, and Eucalyptus citriodora EO’s inhibited 100% of the mycelial growth of P. digitatum by direct contact and volatile action at concentrations ≤ 2 µL/mL. On the other hand, EO’s from citrus sources could not inhibit 100% of mycelial growth by any mechanism of action. Thus, the clove, thyme, and Eucalyptus citriodora EO’s are promising for developing new ecologically correct products for controlling phytopathogens in citrus fruits.
Research Software Engineering als Service an einer wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek
Creators: name: Schima-Voigt, Kristine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Library
Software-Development
Agile
RSE

description: An der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (SUB) arbeiten wir an der Etablierung von RSE als Service, um die Anforderungen der Forschung im Zeitalter der digitalen Transformation zu erfüllen. Dieser Prozess setzt Änderungen im Rollen und Service-Verständnis der Beteiligten, in der Organisation, der Kommunikation und vor allem in den Arbeitsmethoden und Prozessen voraus. In diesem Vortrag berichten wir von unseren Erfahrungen an der SUB aus den letzten dreizehn Jahren.
Boosting complex Systems Research through RSE Collaboration
Creators: name: Kelling, Jeffrey
name: Tripathi, Richa
name: Calabrese, Justin M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: performance
GPU
complex systems
computational science

description: Stochastic simulations of complex systems from domains including physics, biology, ecology or economics often require large system sizes, long time scales, and numerous replications to fully explore model behavior. The simple rules defining many models can lead researchers to prefer familiar but inefficient programming techniques, which severely hinder progress
 by creating computational bottlenecks. While such studies often benefit from combined domain-specific, statistical, and programming knowledge, few individual researchers span the full range of necessary skills. Here, we present a collaboration on the neutral model of biodiversity in dendritic river networks, where the goal is to analyze biodiversity data across the world’s major river systems. We show how we achieved large performance gains by engaging the problem at its foundations and thereby enabled research at a new scale.
Modeling Trophic Interactions in Rice Agriculture: A Jigsaw Approach
Creators: name: Nieto, Fernando
name: Newtoff, Kiersten
name: Grayson, Kristine
name: Nodine, Emily
name: Shmaefsky, Brian
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2019

description: Students explore four different issues related to trophic interactions that affect modern rice agriculture practices and consider relationships between these issues using Lotka and Volterra predator/prey model.
Use of synthetic oligopeptides in identification and characterization of immunological functions in the amino acid sequence of the envelope protein of HIV-1
Creators: name: Modrow, Susanne
name: Höflacher, B.
name: Mellert, W.
name: Erfle, V.
name: Wahren, B.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Animals
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
subject: HIV Antigens/immunology
subject: HIV Envelope Protein gp120
subject: HIV Envelope Protein gp41
subject: HIV-1/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Lymphocyte Activation
subject: Oligopeptides/diagnostic use
subject: Rabbits
subject: Retroviridae Proteins/immunology
subject: Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology

description: Following computer-assisted analysis of the amino acid sequence of various HIV-1 isolates, we synthesized a series of oligopeptides derived from variable and conserved regions of the envelope protein complex gp120/gp41. The peptides were used in ELISA tests for their reactivity with human antisera from HIV-1 positive individuals; patients with clinically manifested AIDS showed only a rather limited reaction, predominantly with two peptides (p102-112, p316-326), which is in contrast to sera from HIV-1 positive asymptomatic individuals, whose sera were reactive with almost all peptides. Using consecutive sera of the same patients, decreasing antibody titers to defined epitopes could be shown to occur during the development of AIDS. Cellular immune response recognition was analyzed in T-cell proliferation assays by [3H]thymidine incorporation. One peptide localized in a conserved region clearly induced proliferation of T-cells. Those data were combined to a map of the functions localized in the various regions of the HIV-1 envelope proteins.
Carrier bound synthetic oligopeptides in ELISA test systems for distinction between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection
Creators: name: Modrow, Susanne
name: Höflacher, B.
name: Gürtler, L.
name: Deinhardt, F.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology
subject: Diagnosis, Differential
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
subject: Epitopes/immunology
subject: Female
subject: HIV-1/immunology
subject: HIV-2/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Oligopeptides/diagnostic use
subject: Polystyrenes
subject: Viral Core Proteins/chemical synthesis
subject: Viral Envelope Proteins/chemical synthesis

description: A series of synthetic carrier bound oligopeptides derived from corresponding regions of the core and envelope proteins of HIV-1 and HIV-2 were used in enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected individuals. The combination of peptides from regions either conserved or highly variable between the two virus types allowed the identification of HIV infection in general and the differentiation between HIV-1 and HIV-2. No specific reaction was found in seronegative individuals. The use of peptides bound to the same polystyrene carrier as in peptide synthesis allowed the establishment of a highly specific and sensitive test system without the risk of unspecific cross-reaction due to contamination with bacterial or cellular protein material.
The antigenic index: a novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants
Creators: name: Jameson, B. A.
name: Wolf, H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Algorithms
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Epitopes
subject: Protein Conformation
subject: Proteins/immunology
subject: Software

description: In this paper, we introduce a computer algorithm which can be used to predict the topological features of a protein directly from its primary amino acid sequence. The computer program generates values for surface accessibility parameters and combines these values with those obtained for regional backbone flexibility and predicted secondary structure. The output of this algorithm, the antigenic index, is used to create a linear surface contour profile of the protein. Because most, if not all, antigenic sites are located within surface exposed regions of a protein, the program offers a reliable means of predicting potential antigenic determinants. We have tested the ability of this program to generate accurate surface contour profiles and predict antigenic sites from the linear amino acid sequences of well-characterized proteins and found a strong correlation between the predictions of the antigenic index and known structural and biological data.
The conformal Yamabe constant of product manifolds
Creators: name: Ammann, Bernd
name: Dahl, Matthias
name: Humbert, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Let (V; g) and (W; h) be compact Riemannian manifolds of dimension at least 3. We derive a lower bound for the conformal Yamabe constant of the product manifold (V x W; g + h) in terms of the conformal Yamabe constants of (V; g) and (W; h).
An integrated family of amino acid sequence analysis programs
Creators: name: Wolf, Hans J.
name: Modrow, Susanne
name: Motz, M.
name: Jameson, B. A.
name: Hermann, G.
name: Förtsch, B.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Algorithms
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Protein Conformation
subject: Software

description: During the last years abundant sequence data has become available due to the rapid progress in protein and DNA sequencing techniques. The exact three-dimensional structures, however, are available only for a fraction of proteins with known sequences. For many purposes the primary amino acid sequence of a protein can be directly used to predict important structural parameters. However, mathematical presentation of the calculated values often makes interpretation difficult, especially if many proteins must be analysed and compared. Here we introduce a broad-based, user-defined analysis of amino acid sequence information. The program package is based on published algorithms and is designed to access standard protein data bases, calculate hydropathy, surface probability and flexibility values and perform secondary structure predictions. The data output is in an 'easy-to-read' graphic format and several parameters can be superimposed within a single plot in order to simplify data interpretations. Additionally, this package includes a novel algorithm for the prediction of potential antigenic sites. Thus the software package presented here offers a powerful means of analysing an amino acid sequence for the purpose of structure/function studies as well as antigenic site analyses. These algorithms were written to function in context with the UWGCG (University of Wisconsin Genetics Computer Group) program collection, and are now distributed within that package.
Extension theory and Kreĭn-type resolvent formulas for nonsmooth boundary value problems
Creators: name: Abels, Helmut
name: Grubb, Gerd
name: Wood, Ian G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Elliptic boundary value problems; pseudodifferential boundary operators; extension theory; M-functions; symbol smoothing; nonsmooth domains; nonsmooth coeffcients
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 35J25
subject: 35P05
subject: 35S15
subject: 47A10
subject: 47A20
subject: 47G30

description: For a strongly elliptic second-order operator A on a bounded domain Rn it has been known for many years how to interpret the general closed L2()-realizations of A as representing boundary conditions (generally nonlocal), when the domain and coeffcients are smooth. The purpose of the present paper is to extend this representation to nonsmooth domains and coeffcients, including the case of Hölder C 3/2+"-smoothness, in such a way that pseudodifferential methods are still available for resolvent constructions and ellipticity considerations. We show how it can be done for domains with B 3/2 2;p-smoothness and operators with H1 q -coeffcients, for suitable p > 2(n
Linearized stability analysis of surface diffusion for hypersurfaces with triple lines
Creators: name: Depner, Daniel
name: Garcke, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: surface diffusion, partial differential equations on manifolds, linearized stability, gradient flow, triple lines
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 35G30
subject: 35R35
subject: 35B35
subject: 35K55
subject: 53C44

description: The linearized stability of stationary solutions for surface diffusion is studied. We consider three hypersurfaces that lie inside a fixed domain and touch its boundary with a right angle and fulfill a non-flux condition. Additionally they meet at a triple line with prescribed angle conditions and further boundary conditions resulting from the continuity of chemical potentials and a flux balance have to hold at the triple line. We introduce a new specific parametrization with two parameters corresponding to a movement in tangential and normal direction to formulate the geometric evolution law as a system of partial differential equations. For the linearized stability analysis we identify the problem as an H−1-gradient flow, which will be crucial to show self-adjointness of the linearized operator. Finally we study the linearized stability of some examples.
Post Docking Analysis and Comparative studies of drugs with BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Creators: name: Aayush Kar
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: According to a survey conducted by USPS, approximately 12.4% will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some point during their life time. It has become the most common type of cancer amongst women and also causes over 8.2 million deaths (2012, WHO). With the advent of breast cancer, it is critical to develop drugs which help cure breast cancer. A comparative study of 4 drugs was carried out after docking with BRCA1 and BRCA2. iGEMDOCK was used for docking and drug molecules and structures were obtained from Drug bank and PubChem. Sketching was carried out using chemsketch. A comparative analysis showed that the drugs used show better binding to BRCA1 receptor protein as compared to BRCA2 receptor protein. Final energy, hydrogen bonds and van der waals interactions indicate that the drugs bind to BRCA1 receptor protein far more effectively as compared to BRCA2 protein receptor. BRCA1 and BRCA2 structures were compared using UCSF chimera.
Existence of weak solutions for the Stefan problem with anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Schaubeck, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Stefan problem, anisotropy, Gibbs-Thomson law, free boundary, implicit time discretization
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 35K55
subject: 35R35
subject: 49Q20
subject: 73B40
subject: 82B26
subject: 58B20
subject: 80A22

description: The Stefan problem with Gibbs-Thomson law describes solidification phenomena for pure substances. In applications the surface energy is anisotropic leading to an anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law. We show the existence of weak solutions to the Stefan problem with anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law using an implicit time discretization, and variational methods in an anisotropic BV setting. Our main result generalizes an existence result of Luckhaus to the anisotropic case.
Imaginary Kählerian killing spinors I
Creators: name: Ginoux, Nicolas
name: Semmelmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We describe and to some extent characterize a new family of Kähler spin manifolds admitting non-trivial imaginary Kählerian Killing spinors.
Classification of traces and hypertraces on spaces of classical pseudodifferential operators
Creators: name: Lesch, Matthias
name: Neira-Jiménez, Carolina
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Let M be a closed manifold and let CL•(M) be the algebra of classical pseudodifferential operators. The aim of this note is to classify trace functionals on the subspaces CLa(M) ⊂ CL•(M) of operators of order a. CLa(M) is a CL0(M)–module for any real a; it is an algebra only if a is a non–positive integer. Therefore, it turns out to be useful to introduce the notions of pretrace and hypertrace. Our main result gives a complete classification of pre– and hypertraces on CLa(M) for any a ∈ R, as well as the traces on CLa(M) for a ∈ Z, a ≤ 0. We also extend these results to classical pseudodifferential operators acting on sections of a vector bundle. As a byproduct we give a new proof of the well–known uniqueness results for the Guillemin–Wodzicki residue trace and for the Kontsevich–Vishik canonical trace. The novelty of our approach lies in the calculation of the cohomology groups of homogeneous and log–polyhomogeneous differential forms on a symplectic cone. This allows to give an extremely simple proof of a generalization of a Theorem of Guillemin about the representation of homogeneous functions as sums of Poisson brackets. This paper exposes and extends some of the results of the Ph.D. Thesis [NJ10] of the second named author. We acknowledge with gratitude the substantial help received from Sylvie Paycha.
On the volume of complex amoebas
Creators: name: Madani, Farid
name: Nisse, Mounir
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The paper deals with amoebas of k-dimensional algebraic varieties in the algebraic complex torus of dimension n 2k. First, we show that the area of complex algebraic curve amoebas is finite. Moreover, we give an estimate of this area in the rational curve case in terms of the degree of the rational parametrization coordinates. We also show that the volume of the amoeba of k-dimensional algebraic variety in (C)n, with n 2k, is finite.
On the Predictiveness of Single-Field Inflationary Models
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Patil, Subodh P.
name: Trott, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the predictiveness of single-field inflationary models and discuss how an unknown UV completion can complicate determining inflationary model parameters from observations, even from precision measurements. Besides the usual naturalness issues associated with having a shallow inflationary potential, we describe another issue for inflation, namely, unknown UV physics modifies the running of Standard Model (SM) parameters and thereby introduces uncertainty into the potential inflationary predictions. We illustrate this point using the minimal Higgs Inflationary scenario, which is arguably the most predictive single-field model on the market, because its predictions for $A_s$, $r$ and $n_s$ are made using only one new free parameter beyond those measured in particle physics experiments, and run up to the inflationary regime. We find that this issue can already have observable effects. At the same time, this UV-parameter dependence in the Renormalization Group allows Higgs Inflation to occur (in principle) for a slightly larger range of Higgs masses. We comment on the origin of the various UV scales that arise at large field values for the SM Higgs, clarifying cut off scale arguments by further developing the formalism of a non-linear realization of $\rm SU_L(2) \times U(1)$ in curved space. We discuss the interesting fact that, outside of Higgs Inflation, the effect of a non-minimal coupling to gravity, even in the SM, results in a non-linear EFT for the Higgs sector. Finally, we briefly comment on post BICEP2 attempts to modify the Higgs Inflation scenario.
description: 31 pp, 4 figures v4: Minor correction to section 3.1. Main arguments and conclusions unchanged
Duality and universal models for the meet-implication fragment of IPC
Creators: name: Bezhanishvili, Nick
name: Coumans, Dion
name: van Gool, Samuel J.
name: de Jongh, Dick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we investigate the fragment of intuitionistic logic which only uses conjunction (meet) and implication, using finite duality for distributive lattices and universal models. We give a description of the finitely generated universal models of this fragment and give a complete characterization of the up-sets of Kripke models of intuitionistic logic which can be defined by meet-implication-formulas. We use these results to derive a new version of subframe formulas for intuitionistic logic and to show that the uniform interpolants of meet-implication-formulas are not necessarily uniform interpolants in the full intuitionistic logic.
description: 21 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the conference TbiLLC 2013
A relative Hilbert-Mumford criterion
Creators: name: Gulbrandsen, Martin G.
name: Halle, Lars H.
name: Hulek, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L24 (Primary), 13A50, 14D06 (Secondary)

description: We generalize the classical Hilbert-Mumford criteria for GIT (semi-)stability in terms of one parameter subgroups of a linearly reductive group G over a field k, to the relative situation of an equivariant, projective morphism X -> Spec A to a noetherian k-algebra A. We also extend the classical projectivity result for GIT quotients: the induced morphism X^ss/G -> Spec A^G is projective. As an example of applications to moduli problems, we consider degenerations of Hilbert schemes of points.
description: v4: minor corrections
Universal Quantum Computation with Metaplectic Anyons
Creators: name: Cui, Shawn X.
name: Wang, Zhenghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56, 81P68

description: We show that braidings of the metaplectic anyons $X_ε$ in $SO(3)_2=SU(2)_4$ with their total charge equal to the metaplectic mode $Y$ supplemented with measurements of the total charge of two metaplectic anyons are universal for quantum computation. We conjecture that similar universal computing models can be constructed for all metaplectic anyon systems $SO(p)_2$ for any odd prime $p\geq 5$. In order to prove universality, we find new conceptually appealing universal gate sets for qutrits and qupits.
description: To appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Quantum digital signatures with quantum key distribution components
Creators: name: Wallden, Petros
name: Dunjko, Vedran
name: Kent, Adrian
name: Andersson, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Digital signatures guarantee the authenticity and transferability of messages, and are widely used in modern communication. The security of currently used classical digital signature schemes, however, relies on computational assumptions. In contrast, quantum digital signature (QDS) schemes offer information-theoretic security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics. We present two QDS protocols which have the same experimental requirements as quantum key distribution, which is already commercially available. We also present the first security proof for any QDS scheme against coherent forging attacks.
description: 13 pages. In v2 we included the first proof of security of a QDS protocol against coherent forging attacks. Many other smaller changes
Single atom anisotropic magnetoresistance on a topological insulator surface
Creators: name: Narayan, Awadhesh
name: Rungger, Ivan
name: Sanvito, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate single atom anisotropic magnetoresistance on the surface of a topological insulator, arising from the interplay between the helical spin-momentum-locked surface electronic structure and the hybridization of the magnetic adatom states. Our first-principles quantum transport calculations based on density functional theory for Mn on Bi$_2$Se$_3$ elucidate the underlying mechanism. We complement our findings with a two dimensional model valid for both single adatoms and magnetic clusters, which leads to a proposed device setup for experimental realization. Our results provide an explanation for the conflicting scattering experiments on magnetic adatoms on topological insulator surfaces, and reveal the real space spin texture around the magnetic impurity.
description: Updated text, published version
Opacity of fluffy dust aggregates
Creators: name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Nomura, Hideko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Dust grains coagulate to form dust aggregates in protoplanetary disks. Their porosity can be extremely high in the disks. Although disk emission may come from fluffy dust aggregates, the emission has been modeled with compact grains. Aims. We aim to reveal the mass opacity of fluffy aggregates from infrared to millimeter wavelengths with the filling factor ranging from 1 down to $10^{-4}$. Methods. We use Mie calculations with an effective medium theory. The monomers are assumed to be 0.1 ${\rm μm}$ sized grains, which is much shorter than the wavelengths that we focus on. Results. We find that the absorption mass opacity of fluffy aggregates are characterized by the product $a\times f$, where $a$ is the dust radius and $f$ is the filling factor, except for the interference structure. The scattering mass opacity is also characterized by $af$ at short wavelengths while it is higher in more fluffy aggregates at long wavelengths. We also derive the analytic formula of the mass opacity and find that it reproduces the Mie calculations. We also calculate the expected difference of the emission between compact and fluffy aggregates in protoplanetary disks with a simple dust growth and drift model. We find that compact grains and fluffy aggregates can be distinguished by the radial distribution of the opacity index $β$. The previous observation of the radial distribution of $β$ is consistent with the fluffy case, but more observations are required to distinguish between fluffy or compact. In addition, we find that the scattered light would be another way to distinguish between compact grains and fluffy aggregates.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures, published in A&A, 568, A42
Stochastic Gauss Equations
Creators: name: Pierret, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations of celestial mechanics governing the variations of the orbital elements under a stochastic perturbation generalizing the classical Gauss equations. Explicit formulas are given for the semi-major axis, the eccentricity, the inclination, the longitude of the ascending node, the pericenter angle and the mean anomaly which are express in term of the angular momentum vector $\textbf{H}$ per unit of mass and the energy $E$ per unit of mass. Together, these formulas are called the \emph{stochastic Gauss equations} and they are illustrated numerically on an example from satellite dynamics.
Hybrid Visual SLAM for Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems
Creators: name: Billings, Gideon
name: Camilli, Richard
name: Johnson-Roberson, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel visual feature based scene mapping method for underwater vehicle manipulator systems (UVMSs), with specific emphasis on robust mapping in natural seafloor environments. Our method uses GPU accelerated SIFT features in a graph optimization framework to build a feature map. The map scale is constrained by features from a vehicle mounted stereo camera, and we exploit the dynamic positioning capability of the manipulator system by fusing features from a wrist mounted fisheye camera into the map to extend it beyond the limited viewpoint of the vehicle mounted cameras. Our hybrid SLAM method is evaluated on challenging image sequences collected with a UVMS in natural deep seafloor environments of the Costa Rican continental shelf margin, and we also evaluate the stereo only mode on a shallow reef survey dataset. Results on these datasets demonstrate the high accuracy of our system and suitability for operating in diverse and natural seafloor environments. We also contribute these datasets for public use.
A spatially homogeneous and isotropic Einstein-Dirac cosmology
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
name: Hainzl, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We consider a spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmological model where Dirac spinors are coupled to classical gravity. For the Dirac spinors we choose a Hartree-Fock ansatz where all one-particle wave functions are coherent and have the same momentum. If the scale function is large, the universe behaves like the classical Friedmann dust solution. If however the scale function is small, quantum effects lead to oscillations of the energy-momentum tensor. It is shown numerically and proven analytically that these quantum oscillations can prevent the formation of a big bang or big crunch singularity. The energy conditions are analyzed. We prove the existence of time-periodic solutions which go through an infinite number of expansion and contraction cycles.
Chromatin Loops as Allosteric Modulators of Enhancer-Promoter Interactions
Creators: name: Doyle, Boryana
name: Fudenberg, Geoffrey
name: Imakaev, Maxim
name: Mirny, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The classic model of eukaryotic gene expression requires direct spatial contact between a distal enhancer and a proximal promoter. Recent Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) studies show that enhancers and promoters are embedded in a complex network of looping interactions. Here we use a polymer model of chromatin fiber to investigate whether, and to what extent, looping interactions between elements in the vicinity of an enhancer-promoter pair can influence their contact frequency. Our equilibrium polymer simulations show that a chromatin loop, formed by elements flanking either an enhancer or a promoter, suppresses enhancer-promoter interactions, working as an insulator. A loop formed by elements located in the region between an enhancer and a promoter, on the contrary, facilitates their interactions. We find that different mechanisms underlie insulation and facilitation; insulation occurs due to steric exclusion by the loop, and is a global effect, while facilitation occurs due to an effective shortening of the enhancer-promoter genomic distance, and is a local effect. Consistently, we find that these effects manifest quite differently for in silico 3C and microscopy. Our results show that looping interactions that do not directly involve an enhancer-promoter pair can nevertheless significantly modulate their interactions. This phenomenon is analogous to allosteric regulation in proteins, where a conformational change triggered by binding of a regulatory molecule to one site affects the state of another site.
description: Main text and all figures combined
Photodissociation of H$_2$ on Ag and Au Nanoparticles: Effect of Size, and Plasmon versus Inter-Band Transitions on Threshold Intensities for Dissociation
Creators: name: Giri, Sajal Kumar
name: Schatz, George C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides new insights concerning the simulation of plasmon driven chemical reactions using real-time TDDFT based on the tight-binding electronic structure code DFTB+, with applications to the dissociation of H$_2$ on octahedral silver and gold nanoparticles with 19-489 atoms. A new component of these calculations involves sampling a 300 K canonical ensemble to determine the distribution of possible outcomes of the calculations, and with this approach we are able to determine the threshold for dissociation as a function of laser intensity, wavelength, and nanocluster size. We show that the threshold intensity varies as an inverse power of nanocluster size, which makes it possible to extrapolate the results to sizes that are more typical of experimental studies. The intensities obtained from this extrapolation are around a factor of 100 above powers used in the pulsed experiments. This is a closer comparison of theory and experiment than has been obtained in previous real-time simulations, and the remaining discrepancy can be understood in terms of electromagnetic hot spots that are associated with cluster formation. We also compare the influence of plasmon excitation versus inter-band excitation on reaction thresholds, revealing that for silver clusters plasmon excitation leads to lower thresholds, but for gold clusters, inter-band excitation is more effective. Our study also includes an analysis of charge transfer to and from the H$_2$ molecule, and a determination of orbital populations during and after the pulse, showing the correlation between metal excitations and the location of the antibonding level of H$_2$.
DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BIOMASS GASIFIER STOVE
Creators: name: Yohannes Shiferaw Sherka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: With respect to global issues of sustainable energy and reduction in greenhouse gases, biomass energy as one of the key sources of renewable energy is getting increased attention as a potential source of energy in the future.

This work has been carried out to develop, design and manufacture an applicable type biomass gasifier stove for the production of producer gas using locally available biomass fuels like bamboo, eucalyptus and prosopies Juliflora.

The gasifire is produced and tested on three trial test runs by conducted caloric value, moisture content and ash content at dry base of each biomass is measure, and is conducted at different time with bamboo, eucalyptus and prosopies Juliflora biomass feeding. First batch fed gasifier reactor having an internal diameters of 39cm was designed and fabricated, operating period of 25-35min, amount of biomass fuel consumed of 4.5kg, temperature at various points of 560 – 7350C were monitored and analyzed.
Oscillatory matrix model in Chern-Simons theory and Jacobi-theta determinantal point process
Creators: name: Takahashi, Yuta
name: Katori, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The partition function of the Chern-Simons theory on the three-sphere with the unitary group $U(N)$ provides a one-matrix model. The corresponding $N$-particle system can be mapped to the determinantal point process whose correlation kernel is expressed by using the Stieltjes-Wigert orthogonal polynomials. The matrix model and the point process are regarded as $q$-extensions of the random matrix model in the Gaussian unitary ensemble and its eigenvalue point process, respectively. We prove the convergence of the $N$-particle system to an infinite-dimensional determinantal point process in $N \to \infty$, in which the correlation kernel is expressed by Jacobi's theta functions. We show that the matrix model obtained by this limit realizes the oscillatory matrix model in Chern-Simons theory discussed by de Haro and Tierz.
description: v2: 29 pages, 5 figures, minor corrections made for publication in J. Math. Phys
Brief History of Co-Education at the Medical School
Creators: name: Sims, Ronald H
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: A Galter Library website article, taking a closer look at how the education of women in medicine got its start at Northwestern, was prepared in honor of National Women's History Month. (The article was also featured in the Ward Rounds history blog in June 2013.)
Cluster cosmology with anisotropic boosts: Validation of a novel forward modeling analysis and application on SDSS redMaPPer clusters
Creators: name: Park, Youngsoo
name: Sunayama, Tomomi
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Kobayashi, Yosuke
name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: More, Surhud
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Sugiyama, Sunao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel analysis for cluster cosmology that fully forward models the abundances, weak lensing, and the clustering of galaxy clusters. Our analysis notably includes an empirical model for the anisotropic boosts impacting the lensing and clustering signals of optical clusters. These boosts arise from a preferential selection of clusters surrounded by anisotropic large scale structure, a consequence of the limited discrimination between line-of-sight interlopers and true cluster members offered by photometric surveys. We validate our analysis via a blind cosmology challenge on mocks, and find that we can obtain tight and unbiased cosmological constraints without informative priors or external calibrations on any of our model parameters. We then apply our analysis on the SDSS redMaPPer clusters, and find results favoring low $Ω_\mathrm{m}$ and high $σ_8$, combining to yield the lensing strength constraint $S_8 = 0.718_{-0.021}^{+0.024}$. We investigate potential drivers behind these results through a series of post-unblinding tests, noting that our results are consistent with existing cluster cosmology constraints but clearly inconsistent with other CMB/LSS based cosmology results. From these tests, we find hints that a suppression in the cluster lensing signal may be driving our results.
description: v1: 19 pages, 14 figures. Comments welcome. v2: Added clarifications in text and reflected a minor bug fix for Section 3; version submitted to MNRAS. v3: version accepted and published at MNRAS
On Salem numbers, expansive polynomials and Stieltjes continued fractions
Creators: name: Guichard, Christelle
name: Verger-Gaugry, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A converse method to the Construction of Salem (1945) of convergent families of Salem numbers is investigated in terms of an association between Salem polynomials and Hurwitz quotients via expansive polynomials of small Mahler measure. This association makes use of Bertin-Boyd's Theorem A (1995) of interlacing of conjugates on the unit circle; in this context, a Salem number $β$ is produced and coded by an m-tuple of positive rational numbers characterizing the (SITZ) Stieltjes continued fraction of the corresponding Hurwitz quotient (alternant). The subset of Stieltjes continued fractions over a Salem polynomial having simple roots, not cancelling at $\pm 1$, coming from monic expansive polynomials of constant term equal to their Mahler measure, has a semigroup structure. The sets of corresponding generalized Garsia numbers inherit this semi-group structure.
description: 35 pages, Journal de Th{\'e}orie des nombres de Bordeaux, Soumission
Esthetic and Recreational Potential of Small Naturalistic Streams Near Urban Areas
Creators: name: Dearinger, John A.
name: Harper, Kenneth R.
name: James, L. Douglas
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1968

description: Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to find a way to evaluate the esthetic and recreational potential of small streams and their watersheds. Research was limited to naturalistic streams with drainage areas under 100 square miles and located within 25 miles of a city. A methodology, based on some previous work of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service and the principles or concepts of terrain analysis, land use planning, value Judgment philosophy and the economics of outdoor recreation, was developed and applied in detail to two streams (Boone and Jessamine Creeks) near Lexington, Kentucky.
Evaluations were made of the streams' potential for camping (primitive, transient and group), fishing, picnicking, a trail system (hiking, horseback riding, bicycling and auto tour routes), esthetic enjoyment (sightseeing, nature walks and walking for pleasure) and the establishment of natural, scenic and historic areas, Limited applications were also made to two other watersheds and to selected recreation sites on Boone and Jessamine Creeks. Extensions of these case studies resulted in procedures for estimating: visitation to a developed site, future participation demand generated by an urban area and the proportion of that demand that would be satisfied at a specific site, and the economic benefits that would accrue if the sites were developed.
Conclusions reached were: (1) Esthetic and recreational values can be identified, inventoried and used to evaluate a watershed's development potential. (2) The methodology yielded fairly accurate evaluations for most of the recreational activities considered. (3) The case studies revealed that many small stream areas possess medium to high potential for camping, fishing, picnicking, trail system development and some forms of esthetic enjoyment. (4) Visitation estimates were judged to be only approximate due to lack of relevant data on similar existing recreation areas. Estimates of participation demand, acreage requirements and annual benefits were somewhat more reliable.
Suggestions for further research include: (1) Additional applications of the evaluation methodology to streams in other Kentucky urban areas and in states having climatic, topographic and socio-economic conditions different from Kentucky's and (2) A feasibility study of the use of a psychometrics approach to determine personal preferences about outdoor recreation and the preservation of natural areas.
Funding information: "Esthetic and Recreational Potential of Small Naturalistic Streams Near Urban Areas" (OWRR Project No. A-010-KY) was sponsored by the University of Kentucky Water Resources Institute and supported by funds provided by the United States Department of the Interior, Office of Water Resources Research, as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964.
Narcurrer: An analysis of the vertebrate faunal assemblage
Creators: name: Barker, Bryce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1987
Subjects: Sahul
Archaeology
Radiocarbon
SahulArch
OCTOPUS database

description: This thesis deals with the analysis and interpretation of an archaeological site, and how it fits into the regional pattern of southwest Victoria. Narcurrer is a limestone shelter within a sinkhole in the Western District of Victoria. A taphonomic analysis was utilised, as the faunal component was one of the main features of the site. Specific methodologies were applied to various aspects of the faunal assemblage including identification of species, minimum numbers, burnt bone, tooth marks, and analysis of paleofaeces. ...
description: Submitted in partial fulfilment of B.A. Honours in the Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of Queensland (129 p). Unpublished.
Triggering waves in nonlinear lattices: Quest for anharmonic phonons and corresponding mean free paths
Creators: name: Liu, Sha
name: Liu, Junjie
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Wu, Changqin
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Guided by a stylized experiment we develop a self-consistent anharmonic phonon concept for nonlinear lattices which allows for explicit "visualization." The idea uses a small external driving force which excites the front particles in a nonlinear lattice slab and subsequently one monitors the excited wave evolution using molecular dynamics simulations. This allows for a simultaneous, direct determination of the existence of the phonon mean free path with its corresponding anharmonic phonon wavenumber as a function of temperature. The concept for the mean free path is very distinct from known prior approaches: the latter evaluate the mean free path only indirectly, via using both, a scale for the phonon relaxation time and yet another one for the phonon velocity. Notably, the concept here is neither limited to small lattice nonlinearities nor to small frequencies. The scheme is tested for three strongly nonlinear lattices of timely current interest which either exhibit normal or anomalous heat transport.
Congruences automorphes et torsion dans la cohomologie d'un système local d'Harris-Taylor
Creators: name: Boyer, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The principal aim of this paper is to construct torsion cohomology classes in the initial terms of a spectral sequence computing the cohomology of a Kottwitz-Harris-Taylor Shimura variety. Beside we produce some global congruences between automorphic representations.
description: in French, accepted for publication in Annales de l'Institut Fourier 2015