cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Plane Pose Regression: Assessing Generalized Pose Coordinates in the Fetal Brain
Creators: name: Di Vece, Chiara
name: Lous, Maela Le
name: Dromey, Brian
name: Vasconcelos, Francisco
name: David, Anna L
name: Peebles, Donald
name: Stoyanov, Danail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0; I.4.0; J.2; J.3
subject: 68T07

description: In obstetric ultrasound (US) scanning, the learner's ability to mentally build a three-dimensional (3D) map of the fetus from a two-dimensional (2D) US image represents a significant challenge in skill acquisition. We aim to build a US plane localization system for 3D visualization, training, and guidance without integrating additional sensors. This work builds on top of our previous work, which predicts the six-dimensional (6D) pose of arbitrarily oriented US planes slicing the fetal brain with respect to a normalized reference frame using a convolutional neural network (CNN) regression network. Here, we analyze in detail the assumptions of the normalized fetal brain reference frame and quantify its accuracy with respect to the acquisition of transventricular (TV) standard plane (SP) for fetal biometry. We investigate the impact of registration quality in the training and testing data and its subsequent effect on trained models. Finally, we introduce data augmentations and larger training sets that improve the results of our previous work, achieving median errors of 2.97 mm and 6.63 degrees for translation and rotation, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics. This is the author's version which has not been fully edited and content may change prior to final publication. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Outage Performance of Fluid Antenna System (FAS)-aided Terahertz Communication Networks
Creators: name: Tlebaldiyeva, Leila
name: Arzykulov, Sultangali
name: Rabie, Khaled M.
name: Li, Xingwang
name: Nauryzbayev, Galymzhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Millimeter-wave networks have already been successfully rolled out in many countries and now the research direction heads toward new technologies and standards to enable Tbps rates for future sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems. This work studies a point-to-point terahertz (THz) communication network exploiting the concept of a fluid antenna system (FAS) over correlated alpha-mu fading channels, nicely fitting the THz communication. Furthermore, the considered system is expanded to the selection-combining-FAS (SC-FAS) and maximum-gain-combining- FAS (MGC-FAS) diversity variates at the receiver side. The proposed FAS and its diversity configuration techniques are aimed to combat the high path loss, blockages, and molecular absorption effect related to the THz band. Our contribution includes comprehensive outage probability (OP) performance analysis for the THz band given the non-diversity and diversity FAS receivers. Moreover, the derived outage probability formulas are verified via Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical results have confirmed the superior performance of the MGC-FAS scheme in terms of OP. Finally, this work justifies that a higher number of antenna ports dramatically improves the system performance, even in the presence of correlation.
description: Accepted for Presentation at IEEE ICC 2023 (Rome, Italy), 6 pages, 5 figures
Helicity-Flux-Driven Alpha Effect in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, F.
name: Bhattacharjee, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constraint imposed by magnetic helicity conservation on the alpha effect is considered for both magnetically and flow dominated self-organizing plasmas. Direct numerical simulations are presented for a dominant contribution to the alpha effect, which can be cast in the functional form of a total divergence of an averaged helicity flux, called the helicity-flux-driven alpha ( H$α$) effect. Direct numerical simulations of the H$α$ effect are prese nted for two examples---the magnetically dominated toroidal plasma unstable to tearing modes, and the flow-dominated accretion disk.
description: Accepted for publication PRL on Feb. 20 2014 - 4 pages (4 figures)
Additional file 1 of UVR-sensor wearable device intervention to improve sun behaviors and reduce sunburns in melanoma survivors: study protocol of a parallel-group randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Vogel, Rachel I.
name: Nagler, Rebekah H.
name: Ahmed, Rehana L.
name: Brown, Katherine
name: Xianghua Luo
name: Martinson, Brian C.
name: DeAnn Lazovich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
The $I$ = 1/2 and 3/2 $K-π$ scattering length with domain wall fermions at physical pion mass with all-to-all propagators
Creators: name: Asmussen, Nils
name: Erben, Felix
name: Flynn, Jonathan
name: Jüttner, Andreas
name: Mukherjee, Rajnandini
name: Sachrajda, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our calculations for the $I$ = 1/2 and 3/2 $K-π$ s-wave scattering length with physical quark masses, extracted from the interaction energy of Euclidean two-point functions. We use the domain wall fermion action with physical quark masses at a single lattice spacing. We are specifically interested in the systematic effects due to around-the-world terms on the overall determination of the scattering length. We present our progress and discuss the various systematic effects in our preliminary results.
description: 39th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
Lithology Prediction Using Rock Physics Analysis and Seismic Inversion within Miocene Fluvial Reservoir Interval in the Songkhla Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Creators: name: Bagus Priyanto
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Rock Physics, Seismic Inversion, Lithology Prediction, Sand Distribution, Songkhla Basin

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 14-Sep
Human Genome Editing: Science, Ethics, and Governance
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2020
Subjects: Controversies
Ethics and Society
Geoengineering
Human Enhancement

description: Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions.

Human Genome Editingconsiders important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

Read Human Genome Editing: Science, Ethics, and Governance
Additional file 1 of Mental wellbeing in the German old age population largely unaltered during COVID-19 lockdown: results of a representative survey
Creators: name: Röhr, Susanne
name: Reininghaus, Ulrich
name: Riedel-Heller, Steffi G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Humanistic approach in mobile ad hoc network: HAMANET
Creators: name: Akhtar, Md. Amir Khusru
name: Sahoo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human society is a complex and most organized networks, in which many communities have different cultural livelihood. The creation/formation of one or more communities within a society and the way of associations can be mapped to MANET. By involving human characteristics and behavior, surely it would pave a new way, for further development. In this paper we have presented a new approach called "HAMANET" which is not only robust and secure but it certainly meets the challenges of MANET (such as name resolution, address allocation and authentication). Our object oriented design defines a service in terms of Arts, Culture, and Machine. The 'Art' is the smallest unit of work (defined as an interface), the 'Culture' is the integration/assembling of one or more Arts (defined as a class) and finally the 'Machine' which is an instance of a Culture that defines a service. The grouping of the communicable Machines of the same Culture forms a 'Community'. We have used the term 'Society' for MANET consisting of one or more communities and modeled using humanistic approach. We have compared our design with GloMoSim and proposed the implementation of file transfer service using the said approach. Our approach gives better results in terms of implementation of the basic services, security, reliability, throughput, extensibility, scalability etc.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.3172
Analysis and Modelling of Airborne Geophysical Data in the Petchabun Volcanic Belt, Northern Part of Central Thailand
Creators: name: Arak Sangsomphong
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Airborne geophysics, Phetchabun Volcanic Terrane, Tectonic evolution

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 1, 20-Oct
SAND DISTRIBUTION AND RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS NORTH JAMJUREE FIELD, PATTANI BASIN, GULF OF THAILAND
Creators: name: Benjawan KIinkaew
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sand distribution, Reservoir Characteristics, Fluvial

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 15-24
Privacy and Security in the 21st Century - Who Knows and Who Controls?: Proceedings of a Forum
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2020
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Big Data
Confidentiality
Controversies
Ethics and Society
Privacy and Surveillance
Public Well-being
Research and Practice
Responsible Innovation

description: Link to National Academies report,Privacy and Security in the 21st Century " Who Knows and Who Controls?: Proceedings of a Forum.
Magnetic Susceptibility of Andreev Bound States in Superfluid $^3$He-B
Creators: name: Scott, J. W.
name: Nguyen, M. D.
name: Park, D.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of superfluid $^3$He imbibed in anisotropic aerogel reveal anomalous behavior at low temperatures. Although the frequency shift clearly identifies a low-temperature phase as the $B$ phase, the magnetic susceptibility does not display the expected decrease associated with the formation of the opposite-spin Cooper pairs. This susceptibility anomaly appears to be the predicted high-field behavior corresponding to the Ising-like magnetic character of surface Andreev bound states within the planar aerogel structures.
description: Published version
Enabling Relational Database Analytical Processing in Bulk-Bitwise Processing-In-Memory
Creators: name: Perach, Ben
name: Ronen, Ronny
name: Kvatinsky, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bulk-bitwise processing-in-memory (PIM), an emerging computational paradigm utilizing memory arrays as computational units, has been shown to benefit database applications. This paper demonstrates how GROUP-BY and JOIN, database operations not supported by previous works, can be performed efficiently in bulk-bitwise PIM for relational database analytical processing. We extend the gem5 simulator and evaluated our hardware modifications on the Star Schema Benchmark. We show that compared to previous works, our modifications improve (on average) execution time by 1.83X, energy by 4.31X, and the system's lifetime by 3.21X. We also achieved a speedup of 4.65X over MonetDB, a modern state-of-the-art in-memory database.
description: Included in conference proceedings of the 2023 IEEE 36th International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC)
Additional file 1 of Factors affecting men’s support for the use of the contraceptive implant by their female intimate partners
Creators: name: Jonas, Kim
name: Kalichman, Moira
name: Kalichman, Seth
name: Morroni, Chelsea
name: Mathews, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Structural Analysis, Hydrothermal Brecciation & Diagenesis in a Permian Limestone Outcrop in the Krabi Province, Southern Thailand
Creators: name: Lam, Cheong Yow
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Permian Limestone, Ratburi, Fractured Carbonate, Hydrothermal Brecciation, Strike-slip Fault, Structural Geology.

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 25-37
Practical Guidance on Science and Engineering Ethics Education for Instructors and Administrators: Papers and Summary from a Workshop December 12, 2012
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ethics and Society
Organizational Climate
Research Misconduct
Social Responsibility
Workplace Ethics

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Practical Guidance on Science and Engineering Ethics Education for Instructors and Administrators Papers and Summary from a Workshop December 12, 2012
Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for Fisher-Kolmogorov Equation with Application to $α$-Synuclein Spreading in Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Corti, Mattia
name: Bonizzoni, Francesca
name: Dede', Luca
name: Quarteroni, Alfio
name: Antonietti, Paola F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This spreading of prion proteins is at the basis of brain neurodegeneration. This paper deals with the numerical modelling of the misfolding process of $α$-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. We introduce and analyze a discontinuous Galerkin method for the semi-discrete approximation of the Fisher-Kolmogorov (FK) equation that can be employed to model the process. We employ a discontinuous Galerkin method on polygonal and polyhedral grids (PolyDG) for space discretization, to accurately simulate the wavefronts typically observed in the prionic spreading and we prove stability and a priori error estimates. Next, we use a Crank-Nicolson scheme to advance in time. For the numerical verification of our numerical model, we first consider a manufactured solution, and then we consider a case with wavefront propagation in two-dimensional polygonal grids. Next, we carry out a simulation of $α$-synuclein spreading in a two-dimensional brain slice in the sagittal plane with a polygonal agglomerated grid that takes full advantage of the flexibility of PolyDG approximation. Finally, we present a simulation in a three-dimensional geometry reconstructed from magnetic resonance images of a patient's brain.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2210.02272
Orbital ferromagnetism in interacting few-electron dots with strong spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Naseri, Amin
name: Zazunov, Alex
name: Egger, Reinhold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state of $N$ weakly interacting electrons (with $N\le 10$) in a two-dimensional parabolic quantum dot with strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Using dimensionless parameters for the Coulomb interaction, $λ\lesssim 1$, and the Rashba coupling, $α\gg 1$, the low-energy physics is characterized by an almost flat single-particle dispersion. From an analytical approach for $α\to \infty$ and $N=2$, and from numerical exact diagonalization and Hartree-Fock calculations, we find a transition from a conventional unmagnetized ground state (for $λλ_c$), with a large magnetization and a circulating charge current. We show that the critical interaction strength, $λ_c=λ_c(α,N)$, vanishes in the limit $α\to \infty$.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures; (v2) more discussion added, fig.8 corrected
Temporal Entanglement in Chaotic Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Foligno, Alessandro
name: Zhou, Tianci
name: Bertini, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of space-evolution (or space-time duality) has emerged as a promising approach for studying quantum dynamics. The basic idea involves exchanging the roles of space and time, evolving the system using a space transfer matrix rather than the time evolution operator. The infinite-volume limit is then described by the fixed points of the latter transfer matrix, also known as influence matrices. To establish the potential of this method as a bona fide computational scheme, it is important to understand whether the influence matrices can be efficiently encoded in a classical computer. Here we begin this quest by presenting a systematic characterisation of their entanglement -- dubbed temporal entanglement -- in chaotic quantum systems. We consider the most general form of space-evolution, i.e., evolution in a generic space-like direction, and present two fundamental results. First, we show that temporal entanglement always follows a volume law in time. Second, we identify two marginal cases -- (i) pure space evolution in generic chaotic systems (ii) any space-like evolution in dual-unitary circuits -- where Rényi entropies with index larger than one are sub-linear in time while the von Neumann entanglement entropy grows linearly. We attribute this behaviour to the existence of a product state with large overlap with the influence matrices. This unexpected structure in the temporal entanglement spectrum might be the key to an efficient computational implementation of the space evolution.
description: major improvements in the presentation; new exact results on dual unitary circuits added; 36 pages, 23 figures
An extension of Bohr's theorem
Creators: name: Brevig, Ole Fredrik
name: Kouroupis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The following extension of Bohr's theorem is established: If a somewhere convergent Dirichlet series $f$ has an analytic continuation to the half-plane $\mathbb{C}_θ= \{s = σ+it\,:\, σ>θ\}$ that maps $\mathbb{C}_θ$ to $\mathbb{C} \setminus \{α,β\}$ for complex numbers $α\neq β$, then $f$ converges uniformly in $\mathbb{C}_{θ+\varepsilon}$ for any $\varepsilon>0$. The extension is optimal in the sense that the assertion no longer holds should $\mathbb{C}\setminus \{α,β\}$ be replaced with $\mathbb{C}\setminus \{α\}$.
The Luminosity Function at z~8 from 97 Y-band dropouts: Inferences About Reionization
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kasper B.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Trenti, Michele
name: Bradley, Larry D.
name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Shull, J. Michael
name: Stiavelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abbreviated] We present the largest search to date for $z\sim8$ Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) based on 350 arcmin$^2$ of HST observations in the V-, Y-, J- and H-bands from the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG) survey. The BoRG dataset includes $\sim$50 arcmin$^2$ of new data and deeper observations of two previous BoRG pointings, from which we present 9 new $z\sim8$ LBG candidates, bringing the total number of BoRG LBGs to 38 with $25.5\leqslant m_{J} \leqslant 27.6$ (AB system). We introduce a new Bayesian formalism for estimating the galaxy luminosity function (LF), which does not require binning (and thus smearing) of the data and includes a likelihood based on the formally correct binomial distribution as opposed to the often used approximate Poisson distribution. We demonstrate the utility of the new method on a sample of $97$ LBGs that combines the bright BoRG galaxies with the fainter sources published in Bouwens et al. (2012) from the HUDF and ERS programs. We show that the $z\sim8$ LF is well described by a Schechter function with a characteristic magnitude $M^\star = -20.15^{+0.29}_{-0.38}$, a faint-end slope of $α= -1.87^{+0.26}_{-0.26}$, and a number density of $\log_{10} ϕ^\star [\textrm{Mpc}^{-3}] = -3.24^{+0.25}_{-0.24}$. Integrated down to $M=-17.7$ this LF yields a luminosity density, $\log_{10} ε[\textrm{erg}/\textrm{s/Hz/Mpc}^{3}] = 25.52^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$. Our LF analysis is consistent with previously published determinations within 1$σ$. We discuss the implication of our study for the physics of reionization. By assuming theoretically motivated priors on the clumping factor and the photon escape fraction we show that the UV LF from galaxy samples down to $M=-17.7$ can ionize only 10-50% of the neutral hydrogen at $z\sim8$. Full reionization would require extending the LF down to $M=-15$.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 22 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 1 of Dentists’ entrepreneurial intention and associated factors in public hospitals in major cities in Guangdong (South China): a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Jiabi Wang
name: Peng, Bin
name: Hongzhi Zhou
name: Zhang, Jing Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire for survey about the entrepreneurial intention of dentists in public hospitals in major cities in Guangdong (South China).
Are There Tetraquarks at Large $N_c$ in QCD(F)?
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
name: Lebed, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weinberg recently pointed out a flaw in the standard argument that large $N_c$ QCD with color-fundamental quarks [QCD(F)] cannot yield narrow tetraquark states. In particular, he observed that the argument does not rule out narrow tetraquarks associated with the leading-order connected diagrams; such tetraquarks would have a width scaling as $N_c^{-1}$. It is shown here, however, that while the standard analysis of tetraquarks does not rule them out, a more thorough analysis rules out quantum-number exotic tetraquarks associated with the leading-order connected diagrams. This analysis is based entirely on conventional assumptions used in large $N_c$ physics applied to the analytic properties of meson-meson scattering. Our result implies that one of three possibilities must be true: i) quantum-number exotic tetraquarks do not exist at large $N_c$; ii) quantum-number exotic tetraquarks exist, but are associated with subleading connected diagrams and have anomalously small widths that scale as $N_c^{-2}$ or smaller; or iii) the conventional assumptions used in large $N_c$ analysis are inadequate.
description: 8 pages, 4 .eps figures
Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics: Workshop Summary
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Confidentiality
Conflict of Interest
Data Management
Environmental Justice
Ethics and Society
Governance
Human Subjects Research
Informed Consent
Public Well-being
Risk

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics: Workshop Summary
Structural Evolution of the Songkhla Basin, Gulf of Thailand: A Palinspastic Restoration Study Dini Paramita
Creators: name: Paramita, Dini
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Songkhla Basin, Palinspastic Restoration, Structural Style

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 38-47
The evolution of tyrosine-recombinase elements in Nematoda
Creators: name: Szitenberg, Amir
name: Koutsovoulos, Georgios
name: Blaxter, Mark L
name: Lunt, David H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Transposable elements can be categorised into DNA and RNA elements based on their mechanism of transposition. Tyrosine recombinase elements (YREs) are relatively rare and poorly understood, despite sharing characteristics with both DNA and RNA elements. Previously, the Nematoda have been reported to have a substantially different diversity of YREs compared to other animal phyla: the Dirs1-like YRE retrotransposon was encountered in most animal phyla but not in Nematoda, and a unique Pat1-like YRE retrotransposon has only been recorded from Nematoda. We explored the diversity of YREs in Nematoda by sampling broadly across the phylum and including 34 genomes representing the three classes within Nematoda. We developed a method to isolate and classify YREs based on both feature organization and phylogenetic relationships in an open and reproducible workflow. We also ensured that our phylogenetic approach to YRE classification identified truncated and degenerate elements, informatively increasing the number of elements sampled. We identified Dirs1-like elements (thought to be absent from Nematoda) in the nematode classes Enoplia and Dorylaimia indicating that nematode model species do not adequately represent the diversity of transposable elements in the phylum. Nematode Pat1-like elements were found to be a derived form of another pat1-like element that is present more widely in animals. Several sequence features used widely for the classification of YREs were found to be homoplasious, highlighting the need for a phylogenetically-based classification scheme. Nematode model species do not represent the diversity of transposable elements in the phylum.
description: 18 pages
Fractal Dimension of Particle Showers Measured in a Highly Granular Calorimeter
Creators: name: Ruan, Manqi
name: Jeans, Daniel
name: Boudry, Vincent
name: Brient, Jean-Claude
name: Videau, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the fractal nature of particle showers using Monte-Carlo simulation. We define the fractal dimension of showers measured in a high granularity calorimeter designed for a future lepton collider. The shower fractal dimension reveals detailed information of the spatial configuration of the shower. %the information hidden in the details of shower spatial configuration, It is found to be characteristic of the type of interaction and highly sensitive to the nature of the incident particle. Using the shower fractal dimension, we demonstrate a particle identification algorithm that can efficiently separate electromagnetic showers, hadronic showers and non-showering tracks. We also find a logarithmic dependence of the shower fractal dimension on the particle energy.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Persistence of Diophantine flows for quadratic nearly-integrable Hamiltonians under slowly decaying aperiodic time dependence
Creators: name: Fortunati, Alessandro
name: Wiggins, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 70H08. Secondary: 37J40, 37J25

description: The aim of this paper is to prove a Kolmogorov-type result for a nearly-integrable Hamiltonian, quadratic in the actions, with an aperiodic time dependence. The existence of a torus with a prefixed Diophantine frequency is shown in the forced system, provided that the perturbation is real-analytic and (exponentially) decaying with time. The advantage consists of the possibility to choose an arbitrarily small decaying coefficient, consistently with the perturbation size.
description: Several corrections in the proof with respect to the previous version. Main statement unchanged
Singular Solutions to the Bethe Ansatz Equations and Rigged Configurations
Creators: name: Kirillov, Anatol N.
name: Sakamoto, Reiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a conjecture for the following two quantities related with the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ isotropic Heisenberg model defined over rings of even lengths: (i) the number of the solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations which correspond to non-zero Bethe vectors; (ii) the number of physical singular solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations in the sense of Nepomechie-Wang. The conjecture is based on a natural relationship between the solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations and the rigged configurations.
description: 24 pages, final version, elucidated the relationship between the rigged configurations and string solutions (Section 3.1)
Quantum Kaluza-Klein theory with $M_2(\mathbb{C})$
Creators: name: Liu, Chengcheng
name: Majid, Shahn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following steps analogous to classical Kaluza-Klein theory, we solve for the quantum Riemannian geometry on $C^\infty(M)\otimes M_2(\mathbb{C})$ in terms of classical Riemannian geometry on a smooth manifold $M$, a finite quantum geometry on the algebra $M_2(\mathbb{C})$ of $2\times 2$ matrices, and a quantum metric cross term. Fixing a standard form of quantum metric on $M_2(\mathbb{C})$, we show that this cross term data amounts in the simplest case to a 1-form $A_μ$ on $M$, which we regard as like a gauge-fixed background field. We show in this case that a real scalar field on the product algebra with its noncommutative Laplacian decomposes on $M$ into two real neutral fields and one complex charged field minimally coupled to $A_μ$. We show further that the quantum Ricci scalar on the product decomposes into a classical Ricci scalar on $M$, the Ricci scalar on $M_2(\mathbb{C})$, the Maxwell action $||F||^2$ of $A$ and a higher order $||A.F||^2$ term. Another solution of the QRG on the product has $A=0$ and a dynamical real scalar field $ϕ$ on $M$ which imparts mass-splitting to some of the components of a scalar field on the product as in previous work.
Additional file 1 of The higher the better? Defining the optimal beta-lactam target for critically ill patients to reach infection resolution and improve outcome
Creators: name: Scharf, Christina
name: Liebchen, Uwe
name: Paal, Michael
name: Taubert, Max
name: Vogeser, Michael
name: Irlbeck, Michael
name: Zoller, Michael
name: Schroeder, Ines
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Trough concentrations (mg/L) of all outcome patients. Table S1. Detected pathogens of all outcome patients.
Perfect colorings of the 12-cube that attain the bound on correlation immunity
Creators: name: Fon-Der-Flaass, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C15

description: We construct perfect $2$-colorings of the $12$-hypercube that attain our recent bound on the dimension of arbitrary correlation immune functions. We prove that such colorings with parameters $(x,12-x,4+x,8-x$) exist if $x=0$, $2$, $3$ and do not exist if $x=1$. This is a translation into English of the original paper by D. G. Fon-Der-Flaass, "Perfect colorings of the $12$-cube that attain the bound on correlation immunity", published in Russian in Siberian Electronic Mathematical Reports, vol. 4 (2007) 292-295.
description: 4 pages. A translation of the original paper http://mi.mathnet.ru/eng/semr158
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Matrix Imaging
Creators: name: Bureau, Flavien
name: Robin, Justine
name: Ber, Arthur Le
name: Lambert, William
name: Fink, Mathias
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matrix imaging paves the way towards a next revolution in wave physics. Based on the response matrix recorded between a set of sensors, it enables an optimized compensation of aberration phenomena and multiple scattering events that usually drastically hinder the focusing process in heterogeneous media. Although it gave rise to spectacular results in optical microscopy or seismic imaging, the success of matrix imaging has been so far relatively limited with ultrasonic waves because wave control is generally only performed with a linear array of transducers. In this paper, we extend ultrasound matrix imaging to a 3D geometry. Switching from a 1D to a 2D probe enables a much sharper estimation of the transmission matrix that links each transducer and each medium voxel. Here, we first present an experimental proof of concept on a tissue-mimicking phantom through ex-vivo tissues and then, show the potential of 3D matrix imaging for transcranial applications.
description: 60 pages, 14 figures
Photoionization from the ground and excited vibrational states of H+2 and its deuterated isotopologues
Creators: name: Singor, Adam
name: Scarlett, Liam H.
name: Zammit, Mark C.
name: Bray, Igor
name: Fursa, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoionization cross sections and rate coefficients have been calculated for all bound vibrational levels of the 1s$σ_{\mathrm{g}}$ state of H$_{2}^{+}$, HD$^{+}$, and D$_{2}^{+}$. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is employed in our calculation of vibrationally-resolved photoionization cross sections. Vibrationally-resolved and local thermal equilibrium photoionization rate coefficients are presented for photon temperatures less than $50\,000$ K and are found to be several orders of magnitude larger than previous results in the literature. Analytic fits for the vibrationally-resolved and local thermal equilibrium photoionization rate coefficients are provided. Near threshold oscillations in the vibrationall-resolved photoionization are observed. A benchmark set of photoionization cross sections are presented. Fixed-nuclei photoionization cross sections are calculated using two-center true continuum wave functions and are verified by comparison with previous calculations and are found to be in excellent agreement in all cases. Data files for our set of benchmark cross sections, rate coefficients, and fitting parameters for H$_{2}^{+}$, HD$^{+}$, and D$_{2}^{+}$ are available on Zenodo under an open-source Creative Commons Attribution license: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8304060 .
description: Accepted in ApJS
Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: Dependence on Planetary Mass
Creators: name: Kopparapu, Ravi kumar
name: Ramirez, Ramses M.
name: SchottelKotte, James
name: Kasting, James F.
name: Domagal-Goldman, Shawn
name: Eymet, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ongoing discoveries of extrasolar planets are unveiling a wide range of terrestrial mass (size) planets around their host stars. In this letter, we present estimates of habitable zones (HZs) around stars with stellar effective temperatures in the range 2600 K - 7200 K, for planetary masses between 0.1 ME and 5 ME. Assuming H2O (inner HZ) and CO2 (outer HZ) dominated atmospheres, and scaling the background N2 atmospheric pressure with the radius of the planet, our results indicate that larger planets have wider HZs than do smaller ones. Specifically, with the assumption that smaller planets will have less dense atmospheres, the inner edge of the HZ (runaway greenhouse limit) moves outward (~10% lower than Earth flux) for low mass planets due to larger greenhouse effect arising from the increased H2O column depth. For larger planets, the H2O column depth is smaller, and higher temperatures are needed before water vapor completely dominates the outgoing longwave radiation. Hence the inner edge moves inward (7% higher than Earth's flux). The outer HZ changes little due to the competing effects of the greenhouse effect and an increase in albedo. New, 3-D climate model results from other groups are also summarized, and we argue that further, independent studies are needed to verify their predictions. Combined with our previous work, the results presented here provide refined estimates of HZs around main-sequence stars and provide a step towards a more comprehensive analysis of HZs.
description: In press, Astrophysical Journal Letters. Author affiliation updated. References added. Analytical expression to calculate updated Habitable Zones is provided. An online Habitable Zone calculator, and a FORTRAN code with coefficient data to calculate updated HZs, is available at: http://www3.geosc.psu.edu/~ruk15/planets/
A Wigner quasiprobability distribution of work
Creators: name: Cerisola, Federico
name: Mayo, Franco
name: Roncaglia, Augusto J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we introduce a quasiprobability distribution of work that is based on the Wigner function. This construction rests on the idea that the work done on an isolated system can be coherently measured by coupling the system to a quantum measurement apparatus. In this way, a quasiprobability distribution of work can be defined in terms of the Wigner function of the apparatus. This quasidistribution contains the information of the work statistics and also holds a clear operational definition. Moreover, it is shown that the presence of quantum coherence in the energy eigenbasis is related with the appearance of characteristics related to non-classicality in the Wigner function such as negativity and interference fringes. On the other hand, from this quasiprobability distribution it is straightforward to obtain the standard two-point measurement probability distribution of work and also the difference in average energy for initial states with coherences.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 3 of VALENCIA: a nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition
Creators: name: France, Michael T.
name: Ma, Bing
name: Gajer, Pawel
name: Brown, Sarah
name: Humphrys, Michael S.
name: Holm, Johanna B.
name: L. Elaine Waetjen
name: Brotman, Rebecca M.
name: Ravel, Jacques
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Supplemental Figure 3.
A continuation technique for maximum likelihood estimators in biological models
Creators: name: Cassidy, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Estimating model parameters is a crucial step in mathematical modelling and typically involves minimizing the disagreement between model predictions and experimental data. This calibration data can change throughout a study, particularly if modelling is performed simultaneously with the calibration experiments, or during an on-going public health crisis as in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, the optimal parameter set, or maximal likelihood estimator (MLE), is a function of the experimental data set. Here, we develop a numerical technique to predict the evolution of the MLE as a function of the experimental data. We show that, when considering perturbations from an initial data set, our approach is significantly more computationally efficient that re-fitting model parameters while resulting in acceptable model fits to the updated data. We use the continuation technique to develop an explicit functional relationship between fit model parameters and experimental data that can be used to measure the sensitivity of the MLE to experimental data. We then leverage this inverse sensitivity analysis to select between model fits with similar information criteria, \textit{a priori} determine the experimental measurements to which the MLE is most sensitive, and suggest additional experiment measurements that can resolve parameter uncertainty.
Additional file 2 of VALENCIA: a nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition
Creators: name: France, Michael T.
name: Ma, Bing
name: Gajer, Pawel
name: Brown, Sarah
name: Humphrys, Michael S.
name: Holm, Johanna B.
name: L. Elaine Waetjen
name: Brotman, Rebecca M.
name: Ravel, Jacques
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Figure 2. Odds of women with each sub-CST having a vaginal pH >4.5.
Additional file 1 of VALENCIA: a nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition
Creators: name: France, Michael T.
name: Ma, Bing
name: Gajer, Pawel
name: Brown, Sarah
name: Humphrys, Michael S.
name: Holm, Johanna B.
name: L. Elaine Waetjen
name: Brotman, Rebecca M.
name: Ravel, Jacques
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Figure 1. Illustration of cluster selection for construction of VALENCIA sub-CST centroids. Stretched version of dendrogram from Figure 1 with horizontal line indicating chosen cluster threshold (a). Subset heatmap and dendrogram of samples in CST IV-C (b). Hierarchical clustering was performed on this subset using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity with Ward linkage and the horizontal line indicating cluster threshold. Silhouette and Davies-Bouldin scores for a range of number of clusters (c). Horizontal lines indicate the values for the final 13 sub-CSTs, after sub-clustering the CST IV-C samples.
The effect of a laser dip in the semiclassical dynamics of bosonic Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Szirmai, Gergely
name: Mazzarella, Giovanni
name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the standard double well setup extended with a laser beam in the center to create a "triple well" potential. The beam in the center is much more narrow than the barrier, and it creates a tunable depth well which can support a localized state in the middle. We show that the presence of the localized state in the central well changes the sign of tunneling between the left and right wells and therefore controls the fixed point dynamics of the bosonic Josephson junction.
Additional file 1 of Patterns of religiosity and spirituality of psychiatrists in Brazil and the implications for clinical practice: a latent profile analysis
Creators: name: Menegatti-Chequini, Maria Cecilia
name: Loch, Alexandre A.
name: Leão, Frederico C.
name: Peres, Mario F. P.
name: Vallada, Homero
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
Calendrier de planification
Creators: name: Bourque, Caroline
name: Desrochers, Marie-Ève
name: Pelletier, Caroline
Publisher: name: Université de Sherbrooke, Pôle d'innovation technopédagogique
Year: 2020
Subjects: Enseignement universitaire
Pédagogie universitaire
Préparation de cours

description: Calendrier de planification pour un cours en ligne ou hybride.
description: Ressources éducatives libres

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