cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven Sparse Sensor Placement for Reconstruction
Creators: name: Manohar, Krithika
name: Brunton, Bingni W.
name: Kutz, J. Nathan
name: Brunton, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Optimal sensor placement is a central challenge in the design, prediction, estimation, and control of high-dimensional systems. High-dimensional states can often leverage a latent low-dimensional representation, and this inherent compressibility enables sparse sensing. This article explores optimized sensor placement for signal reconstruction based on a tailored library of features extracted from training data. Sparse point sensors are discovered using the singular value decomposition and QR pivoting, which are two ubiquitous matrix computations that underpin modern linear dimensionality reduction. Sparse sensing in a tailored basis is contrasted with compressed sensing, a universal signal recovery method in which an unknown signal is reconstructed via a sparse representation in a universal basis. Although compressed sensing can recover a wider class of signals, we demonstrate the benefits of exploiting known patterns in data with optimized sensing. In particular, drastic reductions in the required number of sensors and improved reconstruction are observed in examples ranging from facial images to fluid vorticity fields. Principled sensor placement may be critically enabling when sensors are costly and provides faster state estimation for low-latency, high-bandwidth control. MATLAB code is provided for all examples.
description: 34 pages, 17 figures
Restricted Isometry Property of Gaussian Random Projection for Finite Set of Subspaces
Creators: name: Li, Gen
name: Gu, Yuantao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dimension reduction plays an essential role when decreasing the complexity of solving large-scale problems. The well-known Johnson-Lindenstrauss (JL) Lemma and Restricted Isometry Property (RIP) admit the use of random projection to reduce the dimension while keeping the Euclidean distance, which leads to the boom of Compressed Sensing and the field of sparsity related signal processing. Recently, successful applications of sparse models in computer vision and machine learning have increasingly hinted that the underlying structure of high dimensional data looks more like a union of subspaces (UoS). In this paper, motivated by JL Lemma and an emerging field of Compressed Subspace Clustering (CSC), we study for the first time the RIP of Gaussian random matrices for the compression of two subspaces based on the generalized projection $F$-norm distance. We theoretically prove that with high probability the affinity or distance between two projected subspaces are concentrated around their estimates. When the ambient dimension after projection is sufficiently large, the affinity and distance between two subspaces almost remain unchanged after random projection. Numerical experiments verify the theoretical work.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures
Effect of the Coulomb interaction on the liquid-gas phase transition of nuclear matter
Creators: name: Nandi, Rana
name: Schramm, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the Coulomb interaction on the liquid-gas phase transition of nuclear matter with three different values of proton fraction ($Y_p$=0.5,0.3 and 0.1), relevant for heavy-ion physics as well as various astrophysical scenarios, within the framework of quantum molecular dynamics. We perform simulations for a wide range of density and temperature with and without the Coulomb interaction and calculate the two-point correlation functions of nucleon density fluctuations for all the configurations to determine the phase transition region. We also determine the critical end point of the liquid-gas phase transition for all three values of proton fraction considered. We observe that the Coulomb interaction reduces the transition temperature by about 2 MeV for nuclear matter with $Y_p$=0.5 and 0.3 and by about 1 MeV for nuclear matter with $Y_p$=0.1. However, the critical density is found to be more or less insensitive to the Coulomb interaction.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Deep learning and the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Mills, Kyle
name: Spanner, Michael
name: Tamblyn, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We have trained a deep (convolutional) neural network to predict the ground-state energy of an electron in four classes of confining two-dimensional electrostatic potentials. On randomly generated potentials, for which there is no analytic form for either the potential or the ground-state energy, the neural network model was able to predict the ground-state energy to within chemical accuracy, with a median absolute error of 1.49 mHa. We also investigate the performance of the model in predicting other quantities such as the kinetic energy and the first excited-state energy of random potentials.
TOPS August 11 Community Forum
Creators: name: Gentemann, Chelle L.
name: Ivey, Yvonne
name: Hall, Cynthia
name: Martinez, Isabella
name: Luna-Cruz, Yaitza
name: Crawford, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: NASA’s Transform to Open Science (TOPS) mission is being designed to support the adoption of open science and broaden participation in science. During the 2023 Year of Open Science TOPS is planning a broad suite of resources, events, and activities. TOPS efforts are built on relationships with a variety of diverse communities. Critical to these relationships is open, candid, and complete two-way communication. In the spirit of openness and transparency, this forum will first provide an overview of OpenCore, TOPS Open Science curriculum, topics. OpenCore is being designed as a practical guide for scientists who want to learn how to do open science. Then we will break out into smaller groups to have an in-depth discussion of each of the topics: Ethos of Open Science, Open Tools, Open Software, Open Data, and Open Results.
Almost Rigidity of the Positive Mass Theorem for Asymptotically Hyperbolic Manifolds with Spherical Symmetry
Creators: name: Sakovich, A
name: Sormani, C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C99, 58Z05, 30L05

description: We use the notion of intrinsic flat distance to address the almost rigidity of the positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. In particular, we prove that a sequence of spherically symmetric asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds satisfying the conditions of the positive mass theorem converges to hyperbolic space in the intrinsic flat sense, if the limit of the mass along the sequence is zero.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure. Minor typos corrected as requested by General Relativity and Gravitation when accepted for publication
Generic coexistence of Fermi arcs and Dirac cones on the surface of time-reversal invariant Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Lau, Alexander
name: Koepernik, Klaus
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Ortix, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hallmark of Weyl semimetals is the existence of open constant-energy contours on their surface -- the so-called Fermi arcs -- connecting Weyl points. Here, we show that for time-reversal symmetric realizations of Weyl semimetals these Fermi arcs in many cases coexist with closed Fermi pockets originating from surface Dirac cones pinned to time-reversal invariant momenta. The existence of Fermi pockets is required for certain Fermi-arc connectivities due to additional restrictions imposed by the six $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariants characterizing a generic time-reversal invariant Weyl semimetal. We show that a change of the Fermi-arc connectivity generally leads to a different topology of the surface Fermi surface, and identify the half-Heusler compound LaPtBi under in-plane compressive strain as a material that realizes this surface Lifshitz transition. We also discuss universal features of this coexistence in quasi-particle interference spectra.
description: 5 pages + Supplemental Material, the updated version contains a DFT analysis of the candidate material LaPtBi
Subleading Poles in the Numerical Unitarity Method at Two Loops
Creators: name: Abreu, S.
name: Cordero, F. Febres
name: Ita, H.
name: Jaquier, M.
name: Page, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the unitarity approach for the numerical computation of two-loop integral coefficients of scattering amplitudes. It is well known that the leading propagator singularities of an amplitude's integrand are related to products of tree amplitudes. At two loops, Feynman diagrams with doubled propagators appear naturally, which lead to subleading pole contributions. In general, it is not known how these contributions can be directly expressed in terms of a product of on-shell tree amplitudes. We present a universal algorithm to extract these subleading pole terms by releasing some of the on-shell conditions. We demonstrate the new approach by numerically computing two-loop four-gluon integral coefficients.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures. v2: Minor text improvements; added reference; matches published version
title: Towards quantitative understanding of volatile and metal release from magmas
Creators: name: Zajacz, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Porphyry-type Cu-Au-Mo deposits form by ore metal sulfide precipitation from magma-derived fluids. For the efficient generation of such deposits, a magmatic fluid phase simultaneously rich in ore metals and SO2 is required. Silicate melt inclusions from volcanic rocks distributed along strike in the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes show that the availability of S and Cl rather than ore metal abundances control magmatic ore fertility. In addition to magma degassing, magmatic sulfides are often invoked in models assessing magma fertility. They may limit ore-forming potential by sequestering chalcophile metals in lower-crustal magma reservoirs, or they may promote ore formation if their metal and sulfur budget later get recycled into a magmatic fluid phase.

I used new experimental data for S and Cl in combination with published values to construct empirical models to predict their fluid/melt partition coefficients in P-T-compositional space. These were combined with the best available models for anhydrite and sulfide saturation and metal partitioning between sulfides and silicate melt to assess volatile and metal extraction from magmas during ascent and differentiation in the crust. The results show that sulfide-assisted metal pre-enrichment and transport is a testable hypothesis via silicate melt inclusion studies in arc volcanics because magmatic sulfides will typically break down before fluids rich enough in Cl to pick up their Cu budget can form. On the other hand, magmatic anhydrite saturation is predicted to be common and play an important role in ore genesis by regulating the supply of sulfur to the ore-forming hydrothermal system.
MPEC 2023-R148 : 2023 RG5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RG5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Exploring correlations in the CGC wave function: odd azimuthal anisotropy
Creators: name: Kovner, Alex
name: Lublinsky, Michael
name: Skokov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the CGC approach to calculation of the double inclusive gluon production by including high-density effect in the CGC wave function of the projectile (proton). Our main result is that these effects lead to the appearance of odd harmonics in the two-particle correlation C(k,p). We find that in the high momentum limit, |k|,|p|>>Q_s, this results in a positive c_1{2}. Additionally when the magnitudes of the two momenta are approximately equal, |k|/|p| ~ 1, the density effects also generate a positive third harmonic c_3{2}, which translates into a non-vanishing v_3 when the momenta of the trigger and associated particle are in the same momentum bin. The sign of c_3{2} becomes negative when |k|/|p|>1.1 suggesting an interesting experimental signature.
description: 32 pages; 5 figures; version accepted to Phys. Rev. D
title: Geoscience transfer on guided tours into the Messel Pit UNESCO World Heritage Site, Hesse, Germany – A public outreach challenge
Creators: name: Frey, Maria-Luise
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Public outreach to transfer geoscientific themes embraces a wide field of activities. University PR on geoscientific investigations, natural history museum exhibitions on e.g Dinosaurs, the establishment of geo-trails with geoheritage interpretation, UNESCO Global Geopark formation with conferences, Geo-Film Festivals and access activities into the unique World Heritage Fossil Site (WHS) Messel Pit, Hesse, Germany are mosaic pieces of the picture ensemble. The bridge between geosciences and public outreach as serious measures is small. It is important to widen it to enthusiast population for Planet Earth. The Messel Pit WHS has picked up the challenge to develop it in direction of a motorway, giving access into this geosite by

a) regularly offered, professionally realised guided tours,

b) by staff and guides with an academic degree and

c) developing a new frame on program offers into this terrestrial Eocene fossil site.

Limited by a fence around, a guided tour frame of public accessible, bookable tours of different tour duration and for different target groups, inclusive children, handicaped and adults was realized in a changing society. A certain time the focus was on visits into the geosite. From 2011 onwards a visitor center with various geo-themes became a complementary mosaic piece for the Messel Pit experience of visitors. Data on the length of offers, type of offers and type of groups visiting were examined and are presented. Regular activities on a variety of topics and of high quality, leading to quality of life in a fast changing society are the visitor's champions.
Call for papers: Special issue on Digital Technologies for Entrepreneurship and Social Change
Creators: name: Klein, Amarolinda Zanela
name: Pedron, Cristiane
name: Elaluf-Calderwood, Silvia
name: Picoto, Winnie Ng
name: Garrido, Ivan Lapuente
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Call for Papers
Special Issue
Digital Technologies
Entrepreneurship
Social Change
Brazilian Administration Review
ANPAD
Brazilian Academy of Management

description: BAR - Brazilian Administration Review Call for papers: Special issue on Digital Technologies for Entrepreneurship and Social Change Main Topic: Digital technologies enable entrepreneurs to create innovations that can cross traditional industry boundaries, integrating digital and non-digital assets and scaling new ventures with new products, services, and business models (Nambisan, 2017; Nambisan et al., 2021). The ecosystem support for digital entrepreneurship can help to promote socioeconomic development, solve unemployment problems, generate innovative products and services, create a competitive environment, and increase local prosperity and well-being (Beliaeva et al., 2020). This special issue aims to diffuse research that focuses on the use of generative and emerging digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, IoT, and digital platforms (also known as Industry 4.0 technologies – Schwab & Davis, 2018) for digital entrepreneurship, especially when it aims to generate social impact. Research approaching the use of digital technologies as a driver for social change (for instance: new services for financial inclusion, employment opportunities, the promotion of diversity and environmental sustainability) are also targeted by this special issue. Important Dates: Submission of Full Paper: until October 31, 2023.
 Initial decision sent to authors: until March 31, 2024
 Deadline for revised papers: July 31, 2024
 Notification of acceptance: until September 31, 2024
 Deadline for final versions: October 31, 2024
 Special Issue publication (expected): December 2024
 Guest Editors: Dr. Amarolinda Zanela Klein - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Business and Management School, Brazil (aczanela@unisinos.br) Dr. Cristiane Pedron - Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil (cdpedron@uni9.pro.br) Dr. Silvia Elaluf-Calderwood - Florida International University, USA (selalufc@fiu.edu) Dr. Winnie Ng Picoto - Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Economia e Gestão, Portugal (w.picoto@iseg.ulisboa.pt) BAR Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Ivan Lapuente Garrido - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Business and Management School, Brazil (bar-eic@anpad.org.br)
title: Aridification in the terrestrial record: A case study from the Nullarbor Plain of southern Australia
Creators: name: Dröllner, Maximilian
name: Barham, Milo
name: Kirkland, Christopher L.
name: Danišík, Martin
name: Bourdet, Julien
name: Schulz, Maike
name: Mehrooz, Aspandiar
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Nullarbor Plain in southern Australia is an extensive treeless area (ca. 200,000 km2), almost devoid of surface water, reflecting the modern expression of Plio-Pleistocene aridification. The rapid climatic shift from the humid late Pliocene to arid early Pleistocene drove the Nullarbor Plains development as an important biogeographic barrier, facilitating distinct diversification of numerous taxa to the east and west. Despite the significance of this environmental change, absolute age constraints on terrestrial aridification are rare. To improve understanding on the timing of aridification in the Nullarbor Plain, we combine petrographic, mineralogical, chemical, and (U-Th)/He thermochronological data from ferruginous indurations that overprinted middle-upper Eocene Ooldea Sands in the eastern Nullarbor Plain. Integrated analyses reveal (i) secondary pedogenetic relic features hosted in marine siliciclastic sediments, (ii) later geochemical transformation of pedogenetic features, and (iii) subsequent growth of polycrystalline iron oxides in response to an inferred groundwater decline. Thermochronological results tie the latest stage of this polyphase genesis (i.e., the ferruginization) to the Plio-Pleistocene transition. Review of other local and regional climate proxies shows profound temporal correlations with the formation of ferruginous indurations. These dates constrain a turning point in southern Australia’s landscape evolution, associated with the initiation of a vast arid landscape separating mesic environments, with implications for habitat fragmentation and species diversity.
title: Experimentally Induced Thermal Fatigue on Lunar and Eucrite Meteorites – Influence of the Mineralogy on Rock Breakdown
Creators: name: Patzek, Markus
name: Rüsch, Ottaviano
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Understanding regolith formation and evolution on airless planetary surfaces at the spatial scale from meters to microns is crucial. Diurnal temperature variations on airless planetary surfaces is a common feature of planetary bodies that play a role in regolith evolution [e.g., Molaro and Byrne, 2012; Delbo et al., 2014]. In a new laboratory experiment we investigated the effects of thermal fatigue in vacuum between 200K and 375K on the lunar anorthosite breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 11273 and the eucrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 11050. A liquid nitrogen-cooled cryostat is evacuated and predefined temperature cycles are carried out automatically while monitoring the temperature. The samples are investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography after 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 400 cycles.

NWA 11050 responds to thermal cycling with the formation and extension of cracks, but the crack formation rate is only ~50% of that for samples studied previously. Lunar anorthosite breccia NWA 11273 shows extensive micro-flaking – a phenomenon reported here for the first time due to thermal stresses. We propose that surfaces exposing solid primary rocks (e.g., eucritic basalts) are less likely producing fine-grained soil by thermal fatigue but larger fragmented (blocky) regolith. Mature regolith rocks with high abundance of (impact) glasses such as the lunar anorthosite breccias are contributing to a fine-grained, tenth-of-µm-sized, soil.

References:

Molaro J. L. and Byrne S., (2012) Journal of Geophysical Research 117:E10.

Delbo M. et al. (2014) Nature 508:233-236.

Warren, P. H., and Korotev, R. L. (2022) Meteoritics & Planetary Science 57:527-557.
Excitation spectrum and Density Matrix Renormalization Group iterations
Creators: name: Chepiga, Natalia
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in certain circumstances, exact excitation energies appear as locally site-independent (or flat) modes if one records the excitation spectrum of the effective Hamiltonian while sweeping through the lattice in the variational Matrix Product State formulation of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG), a remarkable property since the effective Hamiltonian is only constructed to target the ground state. Conversely, modes that are very flat over several consecutive iterations are systematically found to correspond to faithful excitations. We suggest to use this property to extract accurate information about excited states using the standard ground state algorithm. The results are spectacular for critical systems, for which the low-energy conformal tower of states can be obtained very accurately at essentially no additional cost, as demonstrated by confirming the predictions of boundary conformal field theory for two simple minimal models - the transverse-field Ising model and the critical three-state Potts model. This approach is also very efficient to detect the quasi-degenerate low-energy excitations in topological phases, and to identify localized excitations in systems with impurities. Finally, using the variance of the Hamiltonian as a criterion, we assess the accuracy of the resulting Matrix Product State representations of the excited states.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures
MPEC 2023-R149 : 2023 RH5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RH5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Revisiting the B isotope fractionation and partitioning systematics in synthetic MORB
Creators: name: Kommescher, Sebastian
name: Marxer, Felix
name: Pohl, Florian
name: Holtz, Francois
name: Almeev, Renat
name: Horn, Ingo
name: Fonseca, Raúl O. C.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Boron isotope systematics allow tracing of e.g. fluid-mediated mobilisation of subducted material in subduction zones. The associated B isotope fractionation factors are constrained by e.g. analysis of synthetic samples.

Here we investigate the effect of temperature, and water content as a function of pressure, on the B isotope composition of a basaltic melt and coexisting fluid. The MORB-like starting material was doped with a ~ 450 µg/g aliquot of the NIST951a B isotope reference material. Synthetic MORB are produced using internally heated pressure vessels (IHPV). Experiments were performed between 1250 and 1000 °C and 1 and 2.5 kbar, (fO2 ~ ΔQFM +3.3).

Boron isotope compositions were determined using fs-LA MC-ICP MS, intermediate precision of NIST610 is δ(11B/10B)NIST951a, hence δ11B = –1.43 ± 0.82 ‰ (2 s.d., average of 5 sessions, total average (n =134) is –1.46 ± 0.16 ‰, 95% c.i.). Our MORB glass yields an intermediate precision of δ11B = +0.05 ± 0.11 ‰ (2 s.d. of 5 sessions, total average (n = 153) = +0.01 ± 0.02 ‰ (95% c.i.).

Boron melt-fluid partition coefficients are below unity (Dmelt/fluid < 1), δ11B decreases from ± 0 to –1.5 ‰ with increasing total water content. Our results show that B will be concentrated in the fluid at magmatic temperatures. Moreover, it is shown that the degassing of fluid from a basaltic melt likely leads to measurable B isotope fractionation (tentative Δ11Bmelt-fluid = –2.2 ± 0.6 ‰), with potential implications to our interpretation of the δ11B of degassed, water-rich basaltic magmas.
Indirect searches of Galactic diffuse dark matter in INO-MagICAL detector
Creators: name: Khatun, Amina
name: Laha, Ranjan
name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The signatures for the existence of dark matter are revealed only through its gravitational interaction. Theoretical arguments support that the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) can be a class of dark matter and it can annihilate and/or decay to Standard Model particles, among which neutrino is a favorable candidate. We show that the proposed 50 kt Magnetized Iron CALorimeter (MagICAL) detector under the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) project can play an important role in the indirect searches of Galactic diffuse dark matter in the neutrino and antineutrino mode separately. We present the sensitivity of 500 kt$\cdot$yr MagICAL detector to set limits on the velocity-averaged self-annihilation cross-section ($\langleσv\rangle$) and decay lifetime ($τ$) of dark matter having mass in the range of 2 GeV $\leq m_χ\leq $ 90 GeV and 4 GeV $\leq m_χ\leq $ 180 GeV respectively, assuming no excess over the conventional atmospheric neutrino and antineutrino fluxes at the INO site. Our limits for low mass dark matter constrain the parameter space which has not been explored before. We show that MagICAL will be able to set competitive constraints, $\langleσv\rangle\leq 1.87\,\times\,10^{-24}$ cm$^3$ s$^{-1}$ for $χχ\rightarrowν\barν$ and $τ\geq 4.8\,\times\,10^{24}$ s for $χ\rightarrowν\barν$ at 90$\%$ C.L. (1 d.o.f.) for $m_χ$ = 10 GeV assuming the NFW as dark matter density profile.
description: 28 pages, 22 pdf figures. Discussions & references added. Fig. 9 replaced with new figure for better understanding. Accepted in JHEP
title: Metabolic adaptations of foraminifera to oxygen depletion and their role in marine nutrient cycling
Creators: name: Glock, Nicolaas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Benthic foraminifera are ubiquitous marine protists that inhabit environments from the deepest part of the ocean to saltmarsh meadows slightly above sea-level. Various species of foraminifera have highly specific adaptations to the environmental conditions in their ecological niche. Their high abundances in oxygen depleted environments and their metabolic adaptations to anaerobic conditions make them key players in marine nutrient cycling.

Here I will review the recent advances in understanding those adaptations. Benthic foraminifera from oxygen depleted environments are a rare example of eukaryotes that are able to denitrify and thus an important sink for reactive nitrogen in the oceans. Several species even show a metabolic preference of nitrate over oxygen as an electron acceptor. Several enzymes that are involved in foraminiferal denitrification are transcribed by eukaryotic RNA. These denitrification steps are thus executed by the foraminifers themselves and use enzyme homologues that are known from bacterial denitrification. Still, the foraminiferal denitrification pathway is incomplete. Recent studies indicate that previously undescribed enzymes as well as bacterial symbionts might be responsible for the missing steps in the foraminiferal denitrification pathway.

Furthermore, there is a widespread occurrence of intracellular phosphate storage in benthic foraminifera, which encode genes required for both a creatine phosphate and a polyphosphate metabolism. Both dephosphorylation of creatine phosphate and hydrolysis of polyphosphates are likely also adaptations to oxygen depletion. The high intracellular phosphate storage in foraminifera has previously been overlooked in benthic phosphorous cycling. It constitutes an important mobile reservoir in benthic ecosystems and facilitates phosphogenesis in some environments.
title: Petrography and Geochemistry of the Kohistan Batholith Granitoids from the Central Kohistan Magmatic Arc, Northern Swat, Pakistan
Creators: name: Ahmad, Tanveer
name: Jan, M. Qasim
name: Drüppel, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The E-W trending Kohistan magmatic arc developed as an intra-oceanic island arc during the Cretaceous and became an Andean-type margin during Early Tertiary after collision with Karakoram plate. The Kohistan batholith constitutes the major unit of the arc and comprises a range of granitoids, and minor gabbro-diorite and metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. This research focuses on the petrologic evolution of the rocks of plutonic association from west central part of the batholith in northernmost Swat to elucidate their geodynamic setting and relationship to crustal growth processes over time. The area was geologically and structurally remapped to obtain new field, petrographic and whole rock major and trace element data.

The studied area contains stock-size to batholithic bodies of granitoids, subordinate migmatites, stocks and plugs of gabbronorite, doleritic dykes and a small intrusion of a diorite containing spectacular orbicules. The granitoids show textural and mineralogical variation, with some being strongly gneissose and or porphyritic. Amphibole and biotite are common to most rocks. Based on petrographic and geochemical data, the investigated granitoids cover a range of compositions, i.e., granite, granodiorite, tonalite, quartz monzonite, and (quartz) diorite which stretches for 70 km up to eastern Afghanistan. They are calc alkaline, metaluminous to peraluminous, calcic to alkalic, and dominantly magnesian in composition, except a few more fractionated granites which fall in the ferroan field. Our new data suggests, that the different granitoids were emplaced as independent plutons over a considerable length of time.
Feature Squeezing: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Xu, Weilin
name: Evans, David
name: Qi, Yanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in many tasks, they can often be fooled by \emph{adversarial examples} that are generated by adding small but purposeful distortions to natural examples. Previous studies to defend against adversarial examples mostly focused on refining the DNN models, but have either shown limited success or required expensive computation. We propose a new strategy, \emph{feature squeezing}, that can be used to harden DNN models by detecting adversarial examples. Feature squeezing reduces the search space available to an adversary by coalescing samples that correspond to many different feature vectors in the original space into a single sample. By comparing a DNN model's prediction on the original input with that on squeezed inputs, feature squeezing detects adversarial examples with high accuracy and few false positives. This paper explores two feature squeezing methods: reducing the color bit depth of each pixel and spatial smoothing. These simple strategies are inexpensive and complementary to other defenses, and can be combined in a joint detection framework to achieve high detection rates against state-of-the-art attacks.
description: To appear in Network and Distributed Systems Security Symposium (NDSS) 2018
The 26 December 2001 Solar Eruptive Event Responsible for GLE63. III. CME, Shock Waves, and Energetic Particles
Creators: name: Grechnev, V. V.
name: Kiselev, V. I.
name: Uralov, A. M.
name: Klein, K. -L.
name: Kochanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SOL2001-12-26 moderate solar eruptive event (GOES importance M7.1, microwaves up to 4000 sfu at 9.4 GHz, CME speed 1446 km/s) produced strong fluxes of solar energetic particles and ground-level enhancement of cosmic-ray intensity (GLE63). To find a possible reason for the atypically high proton outcome of this event, we study multi-wavelength images and dynamic radio spectra and quantitatively reconcile the findings with each other. An additional eruption probably occurred in the same active region about half an hour before the main eruption. The latter produced two blast-wave-like shocks during the impulsive phase. The two shock waves eventually merged around the radial direction into a single shock traced up to $25R_\odot$ as a halo ahead of the expanding CME body, in agreement with an interplanetary Type II event recorded by the Radio and Plasma Wave Investigation (WAVES) experiment on the Wind spacecraft. The shape and kinematics of the halo indicate an intermediate regime of the shock between the blast wave and bow shock at these distances. The results show that i) the shock wave appeared during the flare rise and could accelerate particles earlier than usually assumed; ii) the particle event could be amplified by the preceding eruption, which stretched closed structures above the developing CME, facilitated its lift-off and escape of flare-accelerated particles, enabled a higher CME speed and stronger shock ahead; iii) escape of flare-accelerated particles could be additionally facilitated by reconnection of the flux rope, where they were trapped, with a large coronal hole; iv) the first eruption supplied a rich seed population accelerated by a trailing shock wave.
description: 40 pages, 18 figures. For associated movie file, see http://ssrt.iszf.irk.ru/~grechnev/papers/2001-12-26_3_eruptions/ Accepted for publication in Solar Physics. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-017-1122-3
MPEC 2023-R150 : 2023 RJ5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RJ5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Nonneutral models of white dwarfs
Creators: name: Hund, Parker
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: We examine the consequences of removing the electric neutrality assumption on the old stellar models of Lane, Emden, Chandrasekhar, and others. Section 1 presents a review of these older models as well as a discussion of current research. Section 2 presents an exactly solvable ``toy'' model for white dwarfs composed of two species of particles. Section 3 presents two models for stars with more realistic pressure-density relations. Existence of energy minimizing solutions with bounded support is proven for these models, and uniqueness of the minimizer is proven for one of these models. Section 4 presents a general relativistic model and generalizes some of the results from the Newtonian case. This section also discusses those results in the context of neutron stars. Section 5 presents a version of the ``toy'' model for rigidly rotating white dwarf stars, and also derives an exact solution. Section 6, and also section 5, discusses algorithms to numerically compute solutions of rotating nonneutral stars, as well as the difficulties present in such computations.
Η κλινική εμπειρία στην ψυχοθεραπεία: Η φαινομενολογική δομή του βιώματος των σωματικών ψυχοθεραπευτών
Creators: name: Ρήγος, Μάρκος
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: 1. Η διαγραμματική απεικόνιση του φαινομένου.
 2. Εξάσκηση στη φαινομενολογική διερεύνιση (προσχέδιο)
 3. Συνέντευξη: Επιστημολογία-Μέθοδος-Ερωτήσεις (προσχέδιο)
MPEC 2023-R151 : 2023 RK5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RK5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Stability of the Einstein static universe in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld theory
Creators: name: Li, Shou-Long
name: Wei, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the realization of the emergent universe scenario in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) theory, we study the stability of the Einstein static universe filled with perfect fluid in EiBI theory against both the homogeneous and inhomogeneous scalar perturbations in this work. We find that in both the spatially flat and closed cases, the emergent universe scenario is no longer viable, since the Einstein static universe cannot be stable against both the homogeneous and inhomogeneous scalar perturbations simultaneously. However, the emergent universe scenario survives in the spatially open case, while the Einstein static universe can be stable under some conditions.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, revtex4; v2: discussions added, Phys. Rev. D in press; v3: published version
Quantitative relationship between polarization differences and the zone-averaged shift photocurrent
Creators: name: Fregoso, Benjamin M.
name: Morimoto, Takahiro
name: Moore, Joel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relationship is derived between differences in electric polarization between bands and the "shift vector" that controls part of a material's bulk photocurrent, then demonstrated in several models. Electric polarization has a quantized gauge ambiguity and is normally observed at surfaces via the surface charge density, while shift current is a bulk property and is described by shift vector gauge invariant at each point in momentum space. They are connected because the same optical transitions that are described in shift currents pick out a relative gauge between valence and conduction bands. We also discuss subtleties arising when there are points at the Brillouin zone where optical transitions are absent. We conclude that two-dimensional materials with significant interband polarization differences should have high bulk photocurrent, meaning that the modern theory of polarization can be used as a straightforward way to search for bulk photovoltaic material candidates.
description: 4+6 pages, 3 figures, clarifications added, typos fixed, published version
title: A normal to incommensurate phase transition in malayaite, CaSnOSiO4
Creators: name: Malcherek, Thomas
name: Fischer, Michael
name: Mihailova, Boriana
name: Paulmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Malayaite, the tin analogue of titanite, has been shown to develop an incommensurately modulated phase with a modulation vector of q=0.26b* at a temperature of 20K [1]. The occurence of the modulated phase confirms density functional perturbation calculations of the phonon dispersion, indicating phonon softening in this particular range of k-space. Single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments at beamline P24 of PETRAIII/Desy at variable temperatures between 20 and 100K indicate a transition temperature of 48±3K for the corresponding normal to incommensurate phase transition. On approaching the phase transition temperature from below, the modulation vector remains almost constant, while the intensity of the satellite diffration maxima decreases. The crystal structure transforms from the C2/c(0b0)s0 superspace group to C2/c. The phase transition is discussed in relation to further anomalies observed between 90K and 400K by single crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and in particular in relation to mode softening of a low frequency Bg-mode involving Ca-motion parallel to [001]. This mode softening is observable over the entire temperature range between 400K and 90K and culminates in the modulated low temperature structure of malayaite, as evidenced by the corresponding instability observed in the calculated phonon dispersion.

[1] Malcherek T., Paulenz B., Fischer M., Paulmann C. (2020) Acta Cryst. B76, 316-321
Light-Cone Observables and Gauge-Invariance in the Geodesic Light-Cone Formalism
Creators: name: Scaccabarozzi, Fulvio
name: Yoo, Jaiyul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable properties of the geodesic light-cone (GLC) coordinates allow analytic expressions for the light-cone observables, providing a new non-perturbative way for calculating the effects of inhomogeneities in our Universe. However, the gauge-invariance of these expressions in the GLC formalism has not been shown explicitly. Here we provide this missing part of the GLC formalism by proving the gauge-invariance of the GLC expressions for the light-cone observables, such as the observed redshift, the luminosity distance, and the physical area and volume of the observed sources. Our study provides a new insight on the properties of the GLC coordinates and it complements the previous work by the GLC collaboration, leading to a comprehensive description of light propagation in the GLC representation.
description: 25 pages, no figures, published in JCAP
Limits on statistical anisotropy from BOSS DR12 galaxies using bipolar spherical harmonics
Creators: name: Sugiyama, Naonori S.
name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
name: Okumura, Teppei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure statistically anisotropic signatures imprinted in three-dimensional galaxy clustering using bipolar spherical harmonics (BipoSHs) in both Fourier space and configuration space. We then constrain a well-known quadrupolar anisotropy parameter $g_{2M}$ in the primordial power spectrum, parametrized by $P(\vec{k}) = \bar{P}(k) [ 1 + \sum_{M} g_{2M} Y_{2M}(\hat{k}) ]$, with $M$ determining the direction of the anisotropy. Such an anisotropic signal is easily contaminated by artificial asymmetries due to specific survey geometry. We precisely estimate the contaminated signal and finally subtract it from the data. Using the galaxy samples obtained by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12, we find no evidence for violation of statistical isotropy, $g_{2M}$ for all $M$ to be of zero within the $2σ$ level. The $g_{2M}$-type anisotropy can originate from the primordial curvature power spectrum involving a directional-dependent modulation $g_* (\hat{k} \cdot \hat{p})^2$. The bound on $g_{2M}$ is translated into $g_*$ as $-0.09 < g_* < 0.08$ with a $95\%$ confidence level when $\hat{p}$ is marginalized over.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Conditional $1/f^α$ noise: from single molecules to macroscopic measurements
Creators: name: Leibovich, N.
name: Barkai, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the measurement of $1/f^α$ noise at the single molecule or nano-object limit is remarkably distinct from the macroscopic measurement over a large sample. The single particle measurements yield a conditional time-dependent spectrum. However, the number of units fluctuating on the time scale of the experiment is increasing in such a way that the macroscopic measurements appear perfectly stationary. The single particle power spectrum is a conditional spectrum, in the sense that we must make a distinction between idler and non-idler units on the time scale of the experiment. We demonstrate our results based on stochastic and deterministic models, in particular the well known superposition of Lorentzians approach, the blinking quantum dot model, and deterministic dynamics generated by non-linear mapping. Our results show that the $1/f^α$ spectrum is inherently nonstationary even if the macroscopic measurement completely obscures the underlying time dependence of the phenomena.