cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Massive type IIA string theory cannot be strongly coupled
Creators: name: Aharony, Ofer
name: Jafferis, Daniel
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
name: Zaffaroni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the strong coupling limit of massive type IIA string theory is a longstanding problem. We argue that perhaps this problem does not exist; namely, there may be no strongly coupled solutions of the massive theory. We show explicitly that massive type IIA string theory can never be strongly coupled in a weakly curved region of space-time. We illustrate our general claim with two classes of massive solutions in AdS4xCP3: one, previously known, with N = 1 supersymmetry, and a new one with N = 2 supersymmetry. Both solutions are dual to d = 3 Chern-Simons-matter theories. In both these massive examples, as the rank N of the gauge group is increased, the dilaton initially increases in the same way as in the corresponding massless case; before it can reach the M-theory regime, however, it enters a second regime, in which the dilaton decreases even as N increases. In the N = 2 case, we find supersymmetry-preserving gauge-invariant monopole operators whose mass is independent of N. This predicts the existence of branes which stay light even when the dilaton decreases. We show that, on the gravity side, these states originate from D2-D0 bound states wrapping the vanishing two-cycle of a conifold singularity that develops at large N.
description: 43 pages, 5 figures. v2: added references
Prospects for Higgs boson and new scalar resonant production searches in ttbb final state at the LHC
Creators: name: Mandrik, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we probe resonant associated production of a Standard Model Higgs boson with new heavy scalar resonant in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The Higgs boson and new scalar resonant are required to decay into a pair of bottom quarks and a pair of top quarks, respectively. Semileptonic decay of top quarks is considered. The searches are projected into operation conditions of the Large Hadron Collider during Run II data taking period at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using Monte Carlo generated events, realistic detector response simulation and available Open Data samples. Analysis strategies are summarized and machine learning approach using Deep Neural Network is proposed to resolve ambiguous in jets assignment and improve kinematic reconstruction of signal events. Sensitivity of the CMS detector is estimated as 95% expected upper limits on the product of the production cross section and the branching fractions of the searched process.
title: Ð ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ²ÐµÑÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Concrete care recommendations for bridge support grillage
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´ Ð·Ð° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼
ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ²ÐµÑÐº Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑ
ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ðµ
ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ
concrete curing
bridge support grillage
temperature field
state of thermal stress
mathematical model

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° Ð·Ð° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ²ÐµÑÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑ, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ. ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ²ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐº. ÐÐ¾ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ°Ð¼ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð´ÐºÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼.
description: In presented work question of concrete curing with the aim to provide crack resistance to construction of bridge support grillage, basing on calculations of state of thermal stress of construction, is reviewed. Calculations of state of thermal stress of construction for different conditions are done. Mathematical models of key points based on calculations are created. According to the results of calculations of state of thermal stress and analysis of mathematical models recommendations for concrete curing and methodology of using mathematical models on construction site for selection of optimal set of activities for concrete curing are developed.
Fairness in Recommender Systems: Research Landscape and Future Directions
Creators: name: Deldjoo, Yashar
name: Jannach, Dietmar
name: Bellogin, Alejandro
name: Difonzo, Alessandro
name: Zanzonelli, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems can strongly influence which information we see online, e.g., on social media, and thus impact our beliefs, decisions, and actions. At the same time, these systems can create substantial business value for different stakeholders. Given the growing potential impact of such AI-based systems on individuals, organizations, and society, questions of fairness have gained increased attention in recent years. However, research on fairness in recommender systems is still a developing area. In this survey, we first review the fundamental concepts and notions of fairness that were put forward in the area in the recent past. Afterward, through a review of more than 160 scholarly publications, we present an overview of how research in this field is currently operationalized, e.g., in terms of general research methodology, fairness measures, and algorithmic approaches. Overall, our analysis of recent works points to certain research gaps. In particular, we find that in many research works in computer science, very abstract problem operationalizations are prevalent and questions of the underlying normative claims and what represents a fair recommendation in the context of a given application are often not discussed in depth. These observations call for more interdisciplinary research to address fairness in recommendation in a more comprehensive and impactful manner.
Displaced path integral formulation for the momentum distribution of quantum particles
Creators: name: Lin, Lin
name: Morrone, Joseph
name: Car, Roberto
name: Parrinello, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton momentum distribution, accessible by deep inelastic neutron scattering, is a very sensitive probe of the potential of mean force experienced by the protons in hydrogen-bonded systems. In this work we introduce a novel estimator for the end to end distribution of the Feynman paths, i.e. the Fourier transform of the momentum distribution. In this formulation, free particle and environmental contributions factorize. Moreover, the environmental contribution has a natural analogy to a free energy surface in statistical mechanics, facilitating the interpretation of experiments. The new formulation is not only conceptually but also computationally advantageous. We illustrate the method with applications to an empirical water model, ab-initio ice, and one dimensional model systems.
title: ÐÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð² Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ¹
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Application for the recognition of types of flowers and mushrooms by the method of deep learning of convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Ð¤ÑÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÑÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ¸
ÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÑ
ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð²
machine learning
deep neural networks
convolutional neural network
object recognition

description: Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð², ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Android, ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð»ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ. Ð ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°Ðµ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð² ÐµÑÑÑ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ â Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð±Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð°Ð¼Ð¸, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ðº Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð±Ð¸Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐµÐºÐ¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð². Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ, ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÑ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ¸, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð² Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. Ð¤Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸.
description: The aim of this work is to develop a solution for color and mushroom recognition, which will be used in an Android application developed in parallel as another project. In the case of fungi, there is a safety aspect â to distinguish between edible and poisonous fungi to reduce the likelihood of poisoning. For this purpose, various approaches to learning convolutional neural network and various existing libraries for object recognition were considered. The work includes the description, development and testing of a convolutional neural network designed to recognize species of flowers and fungi based on image files. The final tests showed high accuracy of the model.
The Early Evolution of Primordial Pair-Instability Supernovae
Creators: name: Joggerst, C. C.
name: Whalen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observational signatures of the first cosmic explosions and their chemical imprint on second-generation stars both crucially depend on how heavy elements mix within the star at the earliest stages of the blast. We present numerical simulations of the early evolution of Population III pair-instability supernovae with the new adaptive mesh refinement code CASTRO. In stark contrast to 15 - 40 Msun core-collapse primordial supernovae, we find no mixing in most 150 - 250 Msun pair-instability supernovae out to times well after breakout from the surface of the star. This may be the key to determining the mass of the progenitor of a primeval supernova, because vigorous mixing will cause emission lines from heavy metals such as Fe and Ni to appear much sooner in the light curves of core-collapse supernovae than in those of pair-instability explosions. Our results also imply that unlike low-mass Pop III supernovae, whose collective metal yields can be directly compared to the chemical abundances of extremely metal-poor stars, further detailed numerical simulations will be required to determine the nucleosynthetic imprint of very massive Pop III stars on their direct descendants.
description: submitted to ApJ, comments welcome
Quantized Lattice Dynamic Effects on the Spin-Peierls Transition
Creators: name: Pearson, Christopher J.
name: Barford, William
name: Bursill, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density matrix renormalization group method is used to investigate the spin-Peierls transition for Heisenberg spins coupled to quantized phonons. We use a phonon spectrum that interpolates between a gapped, dispersionless (Einstein) limit to a gapless, dispersive (Debye) limit. A variety of theoretical probes are used to determine the quantum phase transition, including energy gap crossing, a finite size scaling analysis, bond order auto-correlation functions, and bipartite quantum entanglement. All these probes indicate that in the antiadiabatic phonon limit a quantum phase transition of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type is observed at a non-zero spin-phonon coupling, $g_{\text c}$. An extrapolation from the Einstein limit to the Debye limit is accompanied by an increase in $g_{\text c}$ for a fixed optical ($q=π$) phonon gap. We therefore conclude that the dimerized ground state is more unstable with respect to Debye phonons, with the introduction of phonon dispersion renormalizing the effective spin-lattice coupling for the Peierls-active mode. We also show that the staggered spin-spin and phonon displacement order parameters are unreliable means of determining the transition.
description: To be published in Phys. Rev. B
title: Elucidating metabolic and genetic regulators of phosphate uptake and utilisation in brassica
Creators: name: Shahbuddin, Dahlia
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: Phosphorus (P) is one of the six essential macronutrients in plants. Plants only assimilate P in the form of phosphate (Pi). Plants have developed various adaptations to enhance Pi acquisition and its efficient use. The low availability of Pi in the soil, means many crop plants rely on Pi fertilisers to maintain their growth and development. The overuse of fertilisers pollutes the environment. To overcome this problem, it is crucial to understand the physiological and molecular mechanism of plant Pi uptake and use. Revealing candidate genes underlying trans e-QTL hotspots on chromosome A06 of B. rapa, Phosphate transporter PHO1 (PHO1) genes provide insights on the putative genes which are responsible for Pi transportation and remobilisation in plants. DNA sequencing of five Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis cv. Chiifu revealed the occurrence of four PHO1 paralogues in tandem in the genome sequence. However, only three PHO1 paralogue transcripts could be confirmed by cloning. Membrane lipid remodelling occurred in 24 cultivars of Brassica napus and Brassica rapa R-o-18 photosynthetic membranes under Pi deficient conditions. Plants change their phospholipid compositions to non-phosphorus galactolipid and sulfolipid to release Pi for other cellular functions. Analysis of lipid profiles and expression of lipid metabolism genes in Brassica rapa R-o-18 grown under Pi starvation showed highly responsive lipid metabolism genes are Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase 1 (GDPD1), Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase 3 (MGD3) and Sulfoquinovosyl transferase 2 (SQD2). Analysis of transcript abundance in leaf samples of B. rapa R-o-18 under Pi deficiency through qPCR showed increased transcript abundance for Aluminium activated malate transporter 1 (ALMT) by 7.6-fold, which is involved in organic acid (OA) exudation to improve phosphorus uptake efficiency (PUpE). Whole transcriptome sequencing using RNA-seq revealed 630 transcripts whose expression changed during Pi deficiency across five investigated B. napus lines; 481 genes were upregulated, and 148 genes were down-regulated in response to Pi deficiency. High throughput RNA-seq contributed to molecular identification and regulation underlying biochemical and physiological adaptations to Pi deficiency. These advances provide information of on candidate genes which might be useful in developing future crops with tolerance to low Pi availability.
RSTGen: Imbuing Fine-Grained Interpretable Control into Long-FormText Generators
Creators: name: Adewoyin, Rilwan A.
name: Dutta, Ritabrata
name: He, Yulan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the task of improving the cohesion and coherence of long-form text generated by language models. To this end, we propose RSTGen, a framework that utilises Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), a classical language theory, to control the discourse structure, semantics and topics of generated text. Firstly, we demonstrate our model's ability to control structural discourse and semantic features of generated text in open generation evaluation. Then we experiment on the two challenging long-form text tasks of argument generation and story generation. Evaluation using automated metrics and a metric with high correlation to human evaluation, shows that our model performs competitively against existing models, while offering significantly more controls over generated text than alternative methods.
description: NAACL 2022
Small Black Hole Constituents and Horizontal Symmetry
Creators: name: Ceresole, Anna
name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Marrani, Alessio
name: Yeranyan, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exploiting the role of the horizontal symmetry SL(2,R), we extend the analysis and classification of two-centered extremal black hole charge configurations to the case of "small" single-centered constituents. These latter are seen to decrease the number of independent horizontal-invariant polynomials from four to one, depending on the rank of the charge orbit supporting each of the two centers. Within U-duality groups of type E7, both reducible and irreducible symmetric supergravity models in four space-time dimensions are considered, thus encompassing N = 2 and N = 8 theories.
description: 1+24 pages, 3 Tables
title: Diffractive curatorial practice: ripples, gaps and the space in-between
Creators: name: Aishman, Heidi
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: This thesis investigates the potential for practice-based research to impact and challenge current discourses surrounding contemporary curating. Current curatorial practice frequently focuses on socio-economic political ideologies (Althusser). By focusing on the ideological discourse concerning curating, what other dialogs, discussions, or forms of knowledge are excluded or suppressed? Can a diffractive (Haraway) approach to research be applied to curatorial practice? If so, how would a diffractive curatorial practice function? My thesis asks the question, “Can curatorial practice offer opportunities for increased capacities to act outside of ideological limitations?” Drawing on the theoretical traditions of Spinoza, Deleuze, Haraway, Barad, and Braidotti among others, this thesis is based in a relational ontology that questions the premise that the roles in a curated exhibition are clearly defined and immutable. Can curatorial practice be viewed as an assemblage where the boundaries of the elements of an exhibition are constantly erased, re-drawn, re/de-territorialized and can fluidly mix with each other? This thesis asks if practice-based research can be analyzed both reflectively and diffractively in order to include marginalized, situated, and partial knowledges. Can embodied research methods (such as affect theory that can involve using sensations in the body) be used as methods to collect and analyze data? Can curatorial practice deploy a concept of distributed agency that acknowledges the agency of all participants of an exhibition, both human and non-human, and not just the curator? What is the role of technology in diffractive curatorial research? What is the “matter” of curatorial practice and how does a practice-based curatorial researcher engage with matter? The conclusion of my thesis brings together my research into all of these questions to develop an “onto-ethico-curology” (in resonance with Barad) that creates a method to evaluate curatorial practice outside of a specific ideological framework.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Identification and Multiwavelength Properties of Type-1 AGN in the DR15 sample
Creators: name: Cortes-Suárez, Edgar
name: Negrete, C. Alenka
name: Hernández-Toledo, Héctor M.
name: Ibarra-Medel, Héctor
name: Lacerna, Iván
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to identify type-1 active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the central 3 arcsec integrated spectra of galaxies in the MaNGA DR15 sample. It is based on flux ratios estimates in spectral bands flanking the expected H$α$ broad component H$α_{BC}$. The high signal-to-noise ratio obtained (mean S/N = 84) permits the identification of H$α_{BC}$ without prior subtraction of the host galaxy (HG) stellar component. A final sample of 47 type-1 AGN is reported out of 4700 galaxies at $z$ < 0.15. The results were compared with those from other methods based on the SDSS DR7 and MaNGA data. Detection of type-1 AGN in those works compared to our method goes from 26% to 81%. Spectral indexes were used to classify the type-1 AGN spectra according to different levels of AGN-HG contribution, finding 9 AGN-dominated, 14 intermediate, and 24 HG-dominated objects. Complementary data in NIR-MIR allowed us to identify type I AGN-dominated objects as blue and HG-dominated as red in the WISE colors. From NVSS and FIRST radio continuum data, we identify 5 HERGs (high-excitation radio galaxies) and 4 LERGs (low-excitation radio galaxies), three showing evidence of radio-jets in the FIRST maps. Additional X-ray data from ROSAT allowed us to build [OIII] and H$α_{BC}$ versus X-ray, NIR-MIR, and radio continuum diagrams, showing that L(H$α_{BC}$) and L([OIII]) provide good correlations. The range in H$α_{BC}$ luminosity is wide 38 < logL(H$α_{BC}$) < 44, with log FWHM(H$α_{BC}$)$\sim$ 3-4, covering a range of Eddington ratios of -5.15 < log L$_{bol}$/L$_{edd}$ < 0.70. Finally, we also identify and report ten possible changing-look AGN candidates.
description: 26 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Abrupt changes in alpha decay systematics as a manifestation of collective nuclear modes
Creators: name: Qi, Chong
name: Andreyev, A. N.
name: Huyse, M.
name: Liotta, R. J.
name: Van Duppen, P.
name: Wyss, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An abrupt change in $α$ decay systematics around the N=126 neutron shell closure is discussed. It is explained as a sudden hindrance of the clustering of the nucleons that eventually form the $α$ particle. This is because the clustering induced by the pairing mode acting upon the four nucleons is inhibited if the configuration space does not allow a proper manifestation of the pairing collectivity.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C, a few new references added
Condensation in membrane-based energy exchangers
Creators: name: Rahgozar Abadi, Iman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Using energy exchangers in winter conditions, and hot and humid summer conditions can result in condensation. Condensation might affect the performance of the exchanger, facilitate the growth of micro-organisms and be a precursor to frost formation at lower temperatures. As a result, information about the impacts of condensation on the performance of the energy exchanger and the operating conditions that result in condensation is essential for the design of ventilation systems and the selection of the proper exchanger. In this study, a widely used energy exchanger is experimentally tested under various operating conditions. The presence of condensation is inferred from visual observation, investigation of the sensible and latent effectiveness, and measurements of pressure drop. It is shown that condensation increases the sensible effectiveness of the supply side and decreases the sensible effectiveness of the exhaust side. Additionally, the latent effectiveness of both air streams increases when condensation occurs, although the increase in exhaust side latent effectiveness is more significant. Finally, the accumulation of water in the channels significantly increases the pressure drop in the exhaust side while it does not significantly impact the effectiveness. Additionally, a heat and mass transfer model is developed to investigate condensation in a wide range of operating conditions. The permeability of the composite membrane of the exchanger used in this study, is measured at various temperature and humidities and the effects of membrane orientation and the phase of water (liquid/vapor) on the permeability of the membrane are investigated. An empirical membrane model is then added to the heat and mass transfer model. The heat and mass transfer model is validated against experiments and is then used to determine the operating conditions resulting in condensation and to investigate the effect of variation in the permeability of the membrane on the occurrence of condensation. It is shown that assuming a constant permeability for the membrane can result in errors of up to 25% in the prediction of the rate of condensation. Furthermore, it is shown that condensation in the energy exchanger will be significant only when the indoor air temperature and humidity are high.
title: Credit, house price, institutions and the macroeconomy
Creators: name: Akcay, Sariye Belgin
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2025

description: This study investigates the relationship between mortgage markets and house prices. It also looks at how these are associated with the macroeconomy, particularly the external dimension of the economy (i.e. current account balances) as well as institutions. The study utilises a three-essay approach in which econometric analyses are conducted to examine various dimensions of the relationship between the aforementioned variables in the context of the European Union (EU). The first essay explores the dynamic relationship between credit supply and house prices at both the cross-country and country level by classifying the EU countries. To this end, vector autoregressive (VAR) model is applied. The findings of the study show that there is a dynamic causal relationship between house prices and credit; monetary policy may affect the size and direction of this relationship, but also, this relationship can be different at cross-country and country level even if they are subject to the same monetary policy. Thus, one suggestion is that besides monetary policy, other factors can affect the relationship between mortgage markets and house prices, such as the economic structure, type of housing finance systems and the institutional environment etc. Considering the findings of the first essay, the second essay examines the institutional characteristics of the mortgage credit markets of the EU member countries. The findings of empirical analysis convey there are notable differences between the institutional characteristics of mortgage markets in North and South European countries as well as Central and East European countries and indicate that the institutional environment in the mortgage markets are heterogeneous in nature. In the third essay, the relationship between house prices and current account imbalances is examined and the role of institutions in this relationship also is investigated. For this aim, simultaneous equations modelling is used. The findings of the empirical analysis demonstrate there is a strong positive relationship between house prices and current account imbalances; and credit channel contributes to strength this relationship and that institutional features can affect the relationship between house prices and current account balance and result in different outcome for different countries.
On the Origins of the High-Latitude H-alpha Background
Creators: name: Witt, A. N.
name: Gold, B.
name: Barnes, F. S.
name: DeRoo, C. T.
name: Vijh, U. P.
name: Madsen, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse high-latitude H-alpha background is widely believed to be predominantly the result of in-situ recombination of ionized hydrogen in the warm interstellar medium of the Galaxy. Instead, we show that both a substantial fraction of the diffuse high-latitude H-alpha intensity in regions dominated by Galactic cirrus dust and much of the variance in the high-latitude H-alpha background are the result of scattering by interstellar dust of H-alpha photons originating elsewhere in the Galaxy. We provide an empirical relation, which relates the expected scattered H-alpha intensity to the IRAS 100um diffuse background intensity, applicable to about 81% of the entire sky. The assumption commonly made in reductions of CMB observations, namely that the observed all-sky map of diffuse H-alpha light is a suitable template for Galactic free-free foreground emission, is found to be in need of reexamination.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Accelerating Equilibration in First-Principles Molecular Dynamics with Orbital-Free Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Fiedler, Lenz
name: Moldabekov, Zhandos A.
name: Shao, Xuecheng
name: Jiang, Kaili
name: Dornheim, Tobias
name: Pavanello, Michele
name: Cangi, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a practical hybrid approach that combines orbital-free density functional theory (DFT) with Kohn-Sham DFT for speeding up first-principles molecular dynamics simulations. Equilibrated ionic configurations are generated using orbital-free DFT for subsequent Kohn-Sham DFT molecular dynamics. This leads to a massive reduction of the simulation time without any sacrifice in accuracy. We assess this finding across systems of different sizes and temperature, up to the warm dense matter regime. To that end, we use the cosine distance between the time series of radial distribution functions representing the ionic configurations. Likewise, we show that the equilibrated ionic configurations from this hybrid approach significantly enhance the accuracy of machine-learning models that replace Kohn-Sham DFT. Our hybrid scheme enables systematic first-principles simulations of warm dense matter that are otherwise hampered by the large numbers of atoms and the prevalent high temperatures. Moreover, our finding provides an additional motivation for developing kinetic and noninteracting free energy functionals for orbital-free DFT.
title: The human follicular mites Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis (Acari, Demodicidae) biology and molecular studies
Creators: name: Alsaeedi, Edhah
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2025

description: Demodex mites (Acari) are highly specialised arthropods which infest the hair follicles of most mammals, including humans. Two species have been detected in human skin, Demodex folliculorum Simon, 1842 and D. brevis Akbulatova, 1963. They are common, intracutaneous parasites of the pilosebaceous complex and meibomian glands and can be found on the face, forehead, chest, neck, eyelids, eyebrows, scalp and the ear canal. The pathogenesis of human Demodex mites is far from well understood, but skin diseases such as gland dysfunction, dermatitis, rosacea and even follicular basal cell carcinoma may be caused by them. This study contributes to our knowledge of human Demodex biology with an evaluation of, and improvements on, existing methods for their microscopic identification. No method is currently available to sustainably rear these mites in vitro, so research continues to rely on de novo collection from willing hosts, a laborious and unreliable process. We investigate some published rearing media and propose new formulations for artificial media that may lead to success in this important area. We analysed the prevalence of Demodex mites in samples from human subjects of different ages, ethnicities, host’s sex, birth modes and postnatal feeding regimes, and found that age and postnatal feeding were influential on rates of infestation. Protocols and primer combinations are developed for a new, single, multiplex PCR reaction for DNA-based identification of mite species hosted by humans, which also includes the commonly carried dog mite, D. canis. The multiplex PCR successfully discriminated the three species, based on DNA fragment sizes and was also tested successfully on mites from several host ethnic groups. Finally, we assessed various proprietary kits and protocols for extracting, purifying and quantifying genomic DNA from D. brevis, since full nuclear sequences is not yet available for this species. The quality of resultant genomic DNA samples and the limitations of the kits are discussed. We make recommendations for further research and methodological improvements that may take forward our important contributions to the biology and DNA based identification and characterisation of these mites.
Quasiperiodic oscillations, weak field lensing and shadow cast around black holes in Symmergent gravity
Creators: name: Rayimbaev, Javlon
name: Pantig, Reggie C.
name: Övgün, Ali
name: Abdujabbarov, Ahmadjon
name: Demir, Durmuş
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we perform a systematic study of the symmergent gravity in a black hole environment. The symmergent gravity, an emergent gravity model in which gravity emerges in a way restoring the gauge symmetries and stabilizing the Higgs boson mass, possesses a quadratic-curvature term with a loop-induced coupling proportional to the boson-fermion number difference. We investigated boson-fermion number difference and black hole parameters in symmergent gravity by utilizing the values of various observables. In this regard, we investigated particle dynamics and obtained Keplerian frequencies describing the harmonic oscillations. We determined quasiperiodic oscillations about such orbits by utilizing relativistic precession, warped disk, and epicyclic resonant models. We studied weak deflection angle and planetary perihelion shift and determined bounds on symmergent gravity parameters. We computed shadow radius for both static and co-moving observers near and far from the symmergent black hole and revealed the sensitivity of these observers to the model parameters. We conclude the work by giving an overall discussion of the bounds, and giving future prospects concerning other possible analyses of the symmergent gravity.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures. Comments are welcome
A derivation of the NS-alpha model and preliminary application to plane channel flow
Creators: name: Scott, K. Andrea
name: Lien, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the Navier-Stokes-$α$ (NS-$α$) model within a large-eddy simulation framework. An investigation is carried out using fully-developed turbulent channel flow at a fairly low Reynolds number. This is a flow where diffusion plays a prominent role, and presents a challenge to the nonlinear model investigated here. It is found that when $α^{2}_{k}$ is based on the mesh spacing, the NS-$α$ model has a tendency to tilt spanwise vorticity in the streamwise direction, leading to high skin friction. This is due to interaction between the spanwise vorticity, the model, and the streamwise streaks. To overcome this problem $α^{2}_{k}$ is damped in the streak affected region. Results overall demonstrate the potential of the model to reproduce some features of the DNS (helicity statistics and small-scale features), but more work is required before the full potential of the model can be achieved. In addition to the channel flow investigation, a derivation of the governing using Hamilton's principle is given. The derivation is intended to be clear and accessible to a wide audience, and contains a new interpretation of the model parameter.
description: 21 pages text, 9 figures. Submitted to Journal of Turbulence
A counter-example to the quantum interest conjecture
Creators: name: Solomon, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the quantum interest conjecture any negative energy pulse must be associated with a positive energy pulse of greater magnitude than that of the negative energy pulse. In this paper we will demonstrate a counter-example to this conjecture. We will show that, for a massless scalar field in 1-1D space-time, it is possible to generate an "isolated" negative energy pulse.
description: Added two new sections. 18 pages
title: ÐÐµÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Module for wireless collection and processing of information for an augmented reality system
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
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augmented reality
object position
data transmission
information processing
integrated development environment
framework
magwick filter
accelerometer
gyroscope

description: Ð ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¸, Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ â ÑÑÐ¾ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ð»ÐµÑÐ¾Ð², Ð½Ðµ ÑÑÑÑÐ¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð² ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ´Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Unity, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ°.
description: This work presents the results of the development of a module for collecting and processing information for an augmented reality system. Augmented reality is a very promising direction for use in many areas of human life, from education to entertainment. This module for collecting and processing information in an augmented reality system is an inexpensive analogue of modern controllers, which is not inferior in accuracy and ease of use. To display the object, the Unity software was used, and algorithms and computer programs for the module for determining the position of the object were developed.
title: Genetic architecture of wheat yield responses to drought
Creators: name: Amer, Samer
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: Maintaining wheat grain yield under expected more frequent and maybe severe drought episodes requires identifying the drought tolerance traits as well as deciphering the genetic basis of these traits responses to drought, and utilising potential symbiotic endophytes to alleviate drought effects. The aim of this project was to conduct an in-depth study of the genetic architecture of wheat responses to drought, deciphering the genetic basis of both source and sink traits under field conditions, as well as, investigating the ability of the endophyte fungus Piriformospora indica to increase yield in both well-watered and drought conditions and identify QTL underpinning drought-resistance traits influenced by endophytic growth. In the field trial, a representative subset of the elite eight-founder population, comprising 384 RILs, the founders and a check variety 'Kielder' were tested in rainfed vs irrigated field blocks, monitoring soil moisture content at different depth intervals. Field plots were phenotyped throughout the growing season using integrative drone-based and proximal sensing approaches. The results showed maximum soil moisture deficit (SMD) peaking over 120 mm in the rain fed plots, with large deficits (>75 mm) from late April that coincided with tillering and more prolonged large deficits from mid-June to mid-July(> I 00 mm), significantly decreasing crop canopy indices at all measured dates post-irrigation and causing significant increase in canopy temperature of rainfed plots, all driving an average yield reduction of 32.8% which was significantly genotype dependent. Also identifying traits most significantly (p:S0.00 I ) correlated with yield revealed grains.m-2 (r=0.68) and (r=0.72) and canopy temperature depression (CTD) (r=0.52) and (r=0.61) in rainfed and irrigated condition, respectively. QTL analysis for yield revealed a total of 16 novel QTL expressed commonly across both treatments explaining individually I to 4.5% as well as treatment dependent QTL. With remarkable examples of grain yield QTL collocating with major QTL such as grains.m-2 QTL on chromosome 3A and Rht-Dl pleiotropic region on chromosome 40 and highlighting significant SNP-SNP epistatic interactions for yield occasionally coinciding with QTL for crop canopy indices. Investigating the response of 200 MAGIC lines to P. indica inoculation showed the potential of the endophyte to significantly increase yield in well-watered and drought conditions, however, for most traits, there was significant difference in genotypes responses to colonization. Several QTL unique to colonized plants were detected on most chromosomes and linked to measured traits under drought, Those QTL can be investigated as candidate genes governing the symbiosis between wheat and P. indica.
Coherent noise enables probabilistic sequence replay in spiking neuronal networks
Creators: name: Bouhadjar, Younes
name: Wouters, Dirk J.
name: Diesmann, Markus
name: Tetzlaff, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Animals rely on different decision strategies when faced with ambiguous or uncertain cues. Depending on the context, decisions may be biased towards events that were most frequently experienced in the past, or be more explorative. A particular type of decision making central to cognition is sequential memory recall in response to ambiguous cues. A previously developed spiking neuronal network implementation of sequence prediction and recall learns complex, high-order sequences in an unsupervised manner by local, biologically inspired plasticity rules. In response to an ambiguous cue, the model deterministically recalls the sequence shown most frequently during training. Here, we present an extension of the model enabling a range of different decision strategies. In this model, explorative behavior is generated by supplying neurons with noise. As the model relies on population encoding, uncorrelated noise averages out, and the recall dynamics remain effectively deterministic. In the presence of locally correlated noise, the averaging effect is avoided without impairing the model performance, and without the need for large noise amplitudes. We investigate two forms of correlated noise occurring in nature: shared synaptic background inputs, and random locking of the stimulus to spatiotemporal oscillations in the network activity. Depending on the noise characteristics, the network adopts various replay strategies. This study thereby provides potential mechanisms explaining how the statistics of learned sequences affect decision making, and how decision strategies can be adjusted after learning.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures
4D imaging of fracturing in organic-rich shales during heating
Creators: name: Kobchenko, Maya
name: Panahi, Hamed
name: Renard, Francois
name: Dysthe, Dag Kristian
name: Malthe-Sorenssen, Anders
name: Mazzini, Adriano
name: Scheibert, Julien
name: Jamtveit, Bjorn
name: Meakin, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To better understand the mechanisms of fracture pattern development and fluid escape in low permeability rocks, we performed time-resolved in situ X-ray tomography imaging to investigate the processes that occur during the slow heating (from 60\degree; to 400\degree;C) of organic-rich Green River shale. At about 350\degree;C cracks nucleated in the sample, and as the temperature continued to increase, these cracks propagated parallel to shale bedding and coalesced, thus cutting across the sample. Thermogravimetry and gas chromatography revealed that the fracturing occurring at ~350\degree;C was associated with significant mass loss and release of light hydrocarbons generated by the decomposition of immature organic matter. Kerogen decomposition is thought to cause an internal pressure build up sufficient to form cracks in the shale, thus providing pathways for the outgoing hydrocarbons. We show that a 2D numerical model based on this idea qualitatively reproduces the experimentally observed dynamics of crack nucleation, growth and coalescence, as well as the irregular outlines of the cracks. Our results provide a new description of fracture pattern formation in low permeability shales.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures