cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Excelsior: Bringing the Benefits of Modularisation to Excel
Creators: name: Paine, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.7; D.2.1; D.2.11; D.3.2; D.3.3; H.4.1; K.6.4; K.8.1

description: Excel lacks features for modular design. Had it such features, as do most programming languages, they would save time, avoid unneeded programming, make mistakes less likely, make code-control easier, help organisations adopt a uniform house style, and open business opportunities in buying and selling spreadsheet modules. I present Excelsior, a system for bringing these benefits to Excel.
description: 13 Pages, Code Fragments
Decomposition of symmetric tensor fields in the presence of a flat contact projective structure
Creators: name: Fregier, Yael
name: Mathonet, Pierre
name: Poncin, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B66

description: Let $M$ be an odd-dimensional Euclidean space endowed with a contact 1-form $α$. We investigate the space of symmetric contravariant tensor fields on $M$ as a module over the Lie algebra of contact vector fields, i.e. over the Lie subalgebra made up by those vector fields that preserve the contact structure. If we consider symmetric tensor fields with coefficients in tensor densities, the vertical cotangent lift of contact form $α$ is a contact invariant operator. We also extend the classical contact Hamiltonian to the space of symmetric density valued tensor fields. This generalized Hamiltonian operator on the symbol space is invariant with respect to the action of the projective contact algebra $sp(2n+2)$. The preceding invariant operators lead to a decomposition of the symbol space (expect for some critical density weights), which generalizes a splitting proposed by V. Ovsienko.
Linking and causality in globally hyperbolic spacetimes
Creators: name: Chernov, Vladimir
name: Rudyak, Yuli B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 57Q45, 53C50; Secondary 53C80, 57R17, 58D10, 83C75

description: The linking number $lk$ is defined if link components are zero homologous. Our affine linking invariant $alk$ generalizes $lk$ to the case of linked submanifolds with arbitrary homology classes. We apply $alk$ to the study of causality in Lorentz manifolds. Let $M^m$ be a spacelike Cauchy surface in a globally hyperbolic spacetime $(X^{m+1}, g)$. The spherical cotangent bundle $ST^*M$ is identified with the space $N$ of all null geodesics in $(X,g).$ Hence the set of null geodesics passing through a point $x\in X$ gives an embedded $(m-1)$-sphere $S_x$ in $N=ST^*M$ called the sky of $x.$ Low observed that if the link $(S_x, S_y)$ is nontrivial, then $x,y\in X$ are causally related. This motivated the problem (communicated by Penrose) on the Arnold's 1998 problem list to apply link theory to the study of causality. The spheres $S_x$ are isotopic to fibers of $(ST^*M)^{2m-1}\to M^m.$ They are nonzero homologous and $lk(S_x,S_y)$ is undefined when $M$ is closed, while $alk(S_x, S_y)$ is well defined. Moreover, $alk(S_x, S_y)\in Z$ if $M$ is not an odd-dimensional rational homology sphere. We give a formula for the increment of $\alk$ under passages through Arnold dangerous tangencies. If $(X,g)$ is such that $alk$ takes values in $\Z$ and $g$ is conformal to $g'$ having all the timelike sectional curvatures nonnegative, then $x, y\in X$ are causally related if and only if $alk(S_x,S_y)\neq 0$. We show that $x,y$ in nonrefocussing $(X, g)$ are causally unrelated iff $(S_x, S_y)$ can be deformed to a pair of $S^{m-1}$-fibers of $ST^*M\to M$ by an isotopy through skies. Low showed that if $(ß, g)$ is refocussing, then $M$ is compact. We show that the universal cover of $M$ is also compact.
description: We added: Theorem 11.5 saying that a Cauchy surface in a refocussing space time has finite pi_1; changed Theorem 7.5 to be in terms of conformal classes of Lorentz metrics and did a few more changes. 45 pages, 3 figures. A part of the paper (several results of sections 4,5,6,9,10) is an extension and development of our work math.GT/0207219 in the context of Lorentzian geometry. The results of sections 7,8,11,12 and Appendix B are new
Topological properties of Mo$_{2}$C and W$_{2}$C superconductors
Creators: name: Zhao, Ning-Ning
name: Guo, Peng-Jie
name: Lu, Xiao-Qin
name: Han, Qiang
name: Liu, Kai
name: Lu, Zhong-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological electronic properties of orthorhombic-phase Mo$_{2}$C and W$_{2}$C superconductors have been studied based on first-principles electronic structure calculations. Our studies show that both Mo$_{2}$C and W$_{2}$C are three-dimensional strong topological insulators defined on curved Fermi levels. The topological surface states on the (001) surface of Mo$_{2}$C right cross the Fermi level, while those of W$_{2}$C pass through the Fermi level with slight electron doping. These surface states hold helical spin textures and can be induced to become superconducting via a proximity effect, giving rise to an equivalent $p+ip$ type superconductivity. Our results show that Mo$_{2}$C and W$_{2}$C can provide a promising platform for exploring topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
A comparative study of visual elements in traditional art images and computer graphics
Creators: name: Johnson, Mia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This study examines visual elements in two-dimensional art imagery, and compares and contrasts traditional art images with computer graphics. The formalist model of aesthetic response is used as a lens to examine "elements” and "principles" in what has been called the "language of art". Formalist orientations to art education and computer graphics are analyzed through a literature search, a domain analysis, and ethnographic data. This study employs qualitative research methodology. Data is presented in a comparative taxonomy of elements and principles in art education and computer graphics, and a componential analysis of the visual structure of two-dimensional images. The findings demonstrate that formalist terms and concepts are not explicit enough to describe computer graphics. The formalist tradition in art education must be expanded to include new terminology and concepts about making and responding to art.
Διερεύνηση της απόκρισης ελικοειδούς πασσάλου υπό οριζόντια και κατακόρυφη φόρτιση
Creators: name: Καγιόγλου, Παναγιώτα Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Offshore foundation
Offshore Θεμελιώσεις Ελικοειδείς πάσσαλοι
Οριζόντια φόρτιση πασσάλων
Helical piles
Lateral loading of piles

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εξετάζει την δυνατότητα να χρησιμοποιηθούν ελικοειδείς πάσσαλοι μεγάλης διαμέτρου για την θεμελίωση offshore ανεμογεννητριών. Γενικά, με βάση την χρήση τους σε χερσαίες θεμελιώσεις, φαίνεται πως αυτού του είδους οι πάσσαλοι έχουν πολύ καλή συμπεριφορά σε εφελκυσμό και μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν τόσο σε αργιλικά όσο και σε αμμώδη εδάφη. Επιπρόσθετα, μπορούν να επαναχρησιμοποιηθούν δεδομένου ότι μπορούν να ξεβιδωθούν όταν το έργο τεθεί εκτός λειτουργίας και να τοποθετηθούν ξανά σε επόμενη κατασκευή. Ωστόσο, απαιτείται μια ενδελεχής μελέτη αυτού του είδους των πασσάλων καθώς προβλέπεται να έχουν μεγαλύτερες διαστάσεις από εκείνους που χρησιμοποιούνται στην ξηρά. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε η απόκριση ελικοειδών πασσάλων (μονής και διπλής έλικας) υπό οριζόντια φόρτιση με το πρόγραμμα πεπερασμένων στοιχείων ABAQUS. Στην συνέχεια, συγκρίθηκαν τα αποτελέσματα του ABAQUS με το πρόγραμμα LPILE.
description: This thesis examines the possibility of using larger diameter helical piles for the foundation of offshore wind turbines. In general, based on their use in onshore foundations, it seems that this type of pile has very good tensile behavior and can be used in both clay and sandy soils. Additionally, it can be reused as it can be unscrewed when the project is terminated and reassemble in a subsequent construction. However, a thorough study of these types of piles is required as they are expected to be larger than those used on land. In the present study we focused on the response of helical piles (single or double helix) under horizontal loading with the finite element program ABAQUS. The results of ABBAQUS were compared to the ones from the LPILE program.
Size dependence of second-order hyperpolarizability of finite periodic chain under Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Creators: name: Jiang, Shidong
name: Xu, Minzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second hyperpolarizability $γ_N(-3ωω,ω,ω)$ of $N$ double-bond finite chain of trans-polyactylene is analyzed using the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model to explain qualitative features of the size-dependence behavior of $γ_N$. Our study shows that $γ_N/N$ is {\it nonmonotonic} with $N$ and that the nonmonotonicity is caused by the dominant contribution of the intraband transition to $γ_N$ in polyenes. Several important physical effects are discussed to reduce quantitative discrepancies between experimental and our results
description: 3 figures, 1 table
A Note on the Join of Varieties of Monoids with LI
Creators: name: Grosshans, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this note, we give a characterisation in terms of identities of the join of $\mathbf{V}$ with the variety of finite locally trivial semigroups $\mathbf{LI}$ for several well-known varieties of finite monoids $\mathbf{V}$ by using classical algebraic-automata-theoretic techniques. To achieve this, we use the new notion of essentially-$\mathbf{V}$ stamps defined by Grosshans, McKenzie and Segoufin and show that it actually coincides with the join of $\mathbf{V}$ and $\mathbf{LI}$ precisely when some natural condition on the variety of languages corresponding to $\mathbf{V}$ is verified.This work is a kind of rediscovery of the work of J. C. Costa around 20 years ago from a rather different angle, since Costa's work relies on the use of advanced developments in profinite topology, whereas what is presented here essentially uses an algebraic, language-based approach.
description: Version published in the proceedings of the MFCS 2021 conference
Multivariate phase space reconstruction by nearest neighbor embedding with different time delays
Creators: name: Garcia, Sara P.
name: Almeida, Jonas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed nearest neighbor based selection of time delays for phase space reconstruction is extended to multivariate time series, with an iterative selection of variables and time delays. A case study of numerically generated solutions of the x- and z coordinates of the Lorenz system, and an application to heart rate and respiration data, are used for illustration.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Improving reproducibility in synchrotron tomography using implementation-adapted filters
Creators: name: Ganguly, Poulami Somanya
name: Pelt, Daniël M.
name: Gürsoy, Doga
name: de Carlo, Francesco
name: Batenburg, K. Joost
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: For reconstructing large tomographic datasets fast, filtered backprojection-type or Fourier-based algorithms are still the method of choice, as they have been for decades. These robust and computationally efficient algorithms have been integrated in a broad range of software packages. The continuous mathematical formulas used for image reconstruction in such algorithms are unambiguous. However, variations in discretisation and interpolation result in quantitative differences between reconstructed images, and corresponding segmentations, obtained from different software. This hinders reproducibility of experimental results, making it difficult to ensure that results and conclusions from experiments can be reproduced at different facilities or using different software. In this paper, we propose a way to reduce such differences by optimising the filter used in analytical algorithms. These filters can be computed using a wrapper routine around a black-box implementation of a reconstruction algorithm, and lead to quantitatively similar reconstructions. We demonstrate use cases for our approach by computing implementation-adapted filters for several open-source implementations and applying it to simulated phantoms and real-world data acquired at the synchrotron. Our contribution to a reproducible reconstruction step forms a building block towards a fully reproducible synchrotron tomography data processing pipeline.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Reaction of electron-positron to omega and pi mesons and rho(1450) and rho(1700) mesons in quark model
Creators: name: Kittimanapun, K.
name: Khosonthongkee, K.
name: Kobdaj, C.
name: Suebka, P.
name: Yan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation in the work of the reaction electron-positron to omega and pi0 mesons in the 3P0 nonrelativistic quark model reveals that the reaction electron-positron to omega and pi0 mesons process at the energy region from the omega and pi mesons threshold to 2.0 GeV is dominated by the two-step process in which the primary quark-antiquark pair first forms rho and rho' mesons and then the vector mesons decay into omega and pi. With rho(1450) and rho(1700) mainly in 2S and 1D states respectively, the experimental data for the cross section of the reaction electron-positron to omega and pi0 mesons are well produced in the 3P0 quark model. The work supports the argument that rho(1450) is mainly a 2S meson and rho(1700) a 1D meson.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
The Hull-Strominger system and the Anomaly flow on a class of solvmanifolds
Creators: name: Pujia, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hull-Strominger system and the Anomaly flow on a special class of 2-step solvmanifolds, namely the class of almost-abelian Lie groups. In this setting, we characterize the existence of invariant solutions to the Hull-Strominger system with respect to the family of Gauduchon connections in the anomaly cancellation equation. Then, motivated by the results on the Anomaly flow, we investigate the flow of invariant metrics in our setting, proving that it always reduces to a flow of a special form. Finally, under an extra assumption on the initial metrics, we show that the flow is immortal and, when the slope parameter is zero, it always converges to a Kähler metric
description: Final version, 16 pages. To appear on J. Geom. Phys
Neural Network Approach to Construction of Classical Integrable Systems
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Fumihiro
name: Suwa, Hidemaro
name: Todo, Synge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integrable systems have provided various insights into physical phenomena and mathematics. The way of constructing many-body integrable systems is limited to few ansatzes for the Lax pair, except for highly inventive findings of conserved quantities. Machine learning techniques have recently been applied to broad physics fields and proven powerful for building non-trivial transformations and potential functions. We here propose a machine learning approach to a systematic construction of classical integrable systems. Given the Hamiltonian or samples in latent space, our neural network simultaneously learns the corresponding natural Hamiltonian in real space and the canonical transformation between the latent space and the real space variables. We also propose a loss function for building integrable systems and demonstrate successful unsupervised learning for the Toda lattice. Our approach enables exploring new integrable systems without any prior knowledge about the canonical transformation or any ansatz for the Lax pair.
Intrinsic properties of the magnetically collimated water maser jet of W43A
Creators: name: Vlemmings, W. H. T.
name: Diamond, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water maser polarization observations in the precessing jet of W43A have revealed that it is magnetically collimated. Here we present a detailed description of the physical properties of the water maser environment in the jet. We discuss the maser saturation level and beaming angle as well as the intrinsic temperatures and densities. Additionally, we show that the polarization angle of the strongest red-shifted maser feature undergoes a fast rotation of 90 degrees across the maser. Along with the variation of linear polarization fraction, this strongly supports the current theoretical description of maser linear polarization.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Systematic search for lensed X-ray sources in the CLASH fields
Creators: name: Liu, Ang
name: Tozzi, Paolo
name: Rosati, Piero
name: Bergamini, Pietro
name: Caminha, Gabriel Bartosch
name: Gilli, Roberto
name: Grillo, Claudio
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Mercurio, Amata
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Vanzella, Eros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for unresolved X-ray emission from lensed sources in the FOV of 11 CLASH clusters with Chandra data. We consider the solid angle in the lens plane corresponding to a magnification $μ>1.5$, that amounts to a total of ~100 arcmin$^2$. Our main goal is to assess the efficiency of massive clusters as cosmic telescopes to explore the faint end of X-ray extragalactic source population. We search for X-ray emission from strongly lensed sources identified in the optical, and perform an untargeted detection of lensed X-ray sources. We detect X-ray emission only in 9 out of 849 lensed/background optical sources. The stacked emission of the sources without detection does not reveal any signal in any band. Based on the untargeted detection, we find 66 additional X-ray sources that are consistent with being lensed sources. After accounting for completeness and sky coverage, we measure for the first time the soft- and hard-band number counts of lensed X-ray sources. The results are consistent with current modelization of the AGN population distribution. The distribution of de-lensed fluxes of the sources identified in moderately deep CLASH fields reaches a flux limit of ~$10^{-16}$ and ~$10^{-15}$ erg/s/cm$^{2}$ in the soft and hard bands, respectively. We conclude that, in order to match the depth of the CDFS exploiting massive clusters as cosmic telescopes, the required number of cluster fields is about two orders of magnitude larger than that offered by the 20 years Chandra archive. A significant step forward will be made when future X-ray facilities, with ~1' angular resolution and large effective area, will allow the serendipitous discovery of rare, strongly lensed high-$z$ X-ray sources, enabling the study of faint AGN activity in early Universe and the measurement of gravitational time delays in the X-ray variability of multiply imaged AGN.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Elementary band representations for the single-particle Green's function of interacting topological insulators
Creators: name: Lessnich, Dominik
name: Winter, Stephen M.
name: Iraola, Mikel
name: Vergniory, Maia G.
name: Valentí, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the applicability of elementary band representations (EBRs) to diagnose spatial- and time-reversal-symmetry protected topological phases in interacting insulators in terms of their single-particle Green's functions. We do so by considering an auxiliary non-interacting system $H_{\textrm{T}}(\mathbf{k}) = -G^{-1}(0, \mathbf{k})$, known as the topological Hamiltonian, whose bands can be labeled by EBRs. This labeling is stable if neither (i) the gap in the spectral function at zero frequency closes, (ii) the Green's function has a zero at zero frequency or (iii) the Green's function breaks a protecting symmetry. We demonstrate the use of EBRs applied to the Green's function on the one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with Hubbard interactions, which we solve by exact diagonalization for a finite number of unit cells. Finally, the use of EBRs for the Green's function to diagnose so-called symmetry protected topological phases is discussed, but remains an open question.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
The WR population predicted by massive single star and by massive binary evolution
Creators: name: Vanbeveren, D.
name: Van Bever, J.
name: Belkus, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss differences between massive single star and massive close binary population number synthesis predictions of WR stars. We show that the WC/WN number ratio as function of metallicity depends significantly on whether or not binaries are included. Furthermore, the observed WC(+OB)/WN(+OB) number ratio in the Solar neighborhood seems to indicate that the WR mass loss rates are lower by another factor two compared to recently proposed clumping corrected formalisms. We then demonstrate that the observed lower luminosity distribution of single WN stars can be explained in a satisfactory way by massive single star evolutionary computations where the red supergiant phase is calculated using a stellar wind mass loss rate formalism that is based on recent observations.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; comments and criticisms on this preprint are very welcome
Impact of the tip radius on the lateral resolution in piezoresponse force microscopy
Creators: name: Jungk, T.
name: Hoffmann, A.
name: Soergel, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative investigation of the impact of tip radius as well as sample type and thickness on the lateral resolution in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) investigating bulk single crystals. The observed linear dependence of the width of the domain wall on the tip radius as well as the independence of the lateral resolution on the specific crystal-type are validated by a simple theoretical model. Using a Ti-Pt-coated tip with a nominal radius of 15 nm the so far highest lateral resolution in bulk crystals of only 17 nm was obtained.
Historical evolution of the office of Deputy Minister in British Columbia educational policymaking 1919-1945 : the career of Samuel John Willis
Creators: name: Giles, Valerie Mary Evelyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: S.J. Willis was British Columbia’s longest-serving Deputy Minister. Between 1919 and 1945 he influenced directly the policies and procedures of the province’s educational enterprise. Willis assumed a primary role in policy-making. It was to Willis that the Ministers, school inspectors, teachers and members of the public made known their suggestions and complaints. Although he continued to manage the Department with a high degree of central authority, he was more inclusive of teachers and trustees in policy-making than were his predecessors. His ingenuity in this respect is one of the central themes of this thesis. Willis set the tone for dealings with the Department. Public perceptions of the Department, and those of teachers in the field, were determined largely by their dealings with the Deputy. He managed day-to-day operations while Ministers tended political relationships and participated in government. As Deputy Minister, Willis provided political advice to his ministers, thus taking responsibility for controversial issues as an ordinary duty. All the while, Willis showed he understood the scope and limitations of his powers. He was careful to support the politicians and governments he served without assuming the mantle of elected representatives. The record of his career exemplifies that of the traditional civil servant. This study concludes that Willis’ bureaucratic legacy can be instructive to contemporary government officials and suggests that the Deputy performs an important function in providing continuity between changing governments and Ministers.
Gross features of the spectrum of the 36Ar nucleus
Creators: name: Riczu, Gábor
name: Cseh, József
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Samples of the spectrum of the 36Ar nucleus are known in different energy windows. In addition to the ground state region (GS), the superdeformed (SD) state is observed, too, and there is a good candidate for the hyperdeformed (HD) one, as well. They are populated in different reactions. We intend to describe the gross features of the spectra of different energies, deformations and reactions in a unified way. We apply the multiconfigurational dynamical symmetry (MUSY). The SU(3) quantum numbers of the shape isomers from previous studies pave the way for this description. The MUSY reproduces the gross features of the spectra to a reasonable approximation. The energy spectrum of the three valleys (GS, SD, HD) indicates that the multiconfigurational symmetry is valid to a good approximation, and different cluster configurations coexist in the shape isomers.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
An analysis of the potential impact of data protection and data security law reform to the position of employees in Indonesian cloud computing industry
Creators: name: Sari, Rama
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Security
Data Protection
ICT policy

description: Cloud computing has raised both technological and legal issues in its implementation. The readiness and the awareness of the legal effect of the implementation of cloud computing in the workplace should be distributed and applied among the employees, most importantly, the policy makers. They have a significant duty to create full legal awareness by making sure all the employees have complied with the regulations and policies. This study sought to determine whether there was adequate support from the Information and communications technology (ICT) companies in Indonesia for their employees, related to their understanding of and readiness for the implementation of cloud computing, data security and data protection. This thesis analyses the extent to which the Indonesian cloud computing industry would be affected by wide-ranging data protection and data security law reforms, and to evaluate the potential effect that data protection and data security law reform could have on the position of employees in the sector. This study uses empirical legal research to analyse the implications of the development of cloud computing, especially for data security and data protection frameworks in the ICT industry. It studies the relevant law and uses interviews to reveal up-to-date data and depict the real situation in the workplace. This thesis examine the regulation and policy in the European Union and United Kingdom, since they have developed a robust set of protections in data security and data protection. Classical content analysis is used to examine the transcripts from semi-structured interviews and data from legal documents and employment policies. The findings of the research support the growth of ICT employees’ skills and the growth of the cloud computing industry in Indonesia and highlight the implementation of legal aspects in ICT companies and the effect of the development of technology from the policy makers’ perspective.
How Xenopus laevis replicates DNA reliably even though its origins of replication are located and initiated stochastically
Creators: name: Bechhoefer, John
name: Marshall, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: DNA replication in Xenopus laevis is extremely reliable, failing to complete before cell division no more than once in 10,000 times; yet replication origins sites are located and initiated stochastically. Using a model based on 1d theories of nucleation and growth and using concepts from extreme-value statistics, we derive the distribution of replication times given a particular initiation function. We show that the experimentally observed initiation strategy for Xenopus laevis meets the reliability constraint and is close to the one that requires the fewest resources of a cell.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The Vaidya metric: expected and unexpected traits of evaporating black holes
Creators: name: Piesnack, Julius
name: Kassner, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ingoing Vaidya metric is introduced as a model for a non-rotating uncharged black hole emitting Hawking radiation. This metric is expected to capture the physics of the spacetime for radial coordinates up to a small multiple $(>1)$ of the Schwarzschild radius. For larger radii, it will give an excellent approximation to the spacetime geometry in the case of astrophysical black holes $(M\ge M_{\astrosun})$, except at extremely large distances from the horizon (exceeding the cosmic particle horizon). In the classroom, the model may serve as a first exploration of non-stationary gravitational fields. Several interesting predictions are developed. First, particles dropped early enough before complete evaporation of the black hole cross its horizon as easily as with an eternal black hole. Second, the Schwarzschild radius takes on the properties of an apparent horizon, and the true event horizon of the black hole is \emph{inside} of it, because light can escape from the shrinking apparent horizon. Third, a particle released from rest close enough to the apparent horizon is strongly repelled and may escape to infinity. An interpretation is given, demonstrating that such a particle would be able to compete, for a short time, in a race with a photon.
description: V3, condit. accepted by Am. J. Phys.; publ. variant may differ in minor corrections. Material in publ. vers. essentially the same, so readers without subscript. to AJP may consult archive vers. to know what content referring to in citing AJP paper. V3 consid. shortened comp. to V2. Better focus, but V2 has appendix explaining how eqns prepared for numerics in order to avoid divergences
EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF TRAINING AND STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN ENUGU STATE
Creators: name: Ugwu, Felix, Ikechukwu Ph.D
name: Uchegbue,, Sylvaline Amaka
Publisher: name: AMERICA SERIEL JOURNAL
Year: 2025
Subjects: Training, Stakeholder, Engagement, Performance, SMEs

description: The study explored the effect of training and stakeholder engagement on the performance of SMEs in Enugu state. The specific objectives are to: Iidentify the effect of training on the employee development and ascertain the effect of stakeholder engagement on growth of SMEs. The study used the descriptive survey design approach. The primary source of data was the administration of questionnaire.  A total population of 911 staff was used. The sample size of 270 for the study was determined using Cochran (1963) formula. Two hundred and forty-eight (248) returned the questionnaire and accurately filled. Data was presented and analyzed using Likert Scale and the hypotheses using Z - test. The findings indicated that training had significant positive effect on the employee development Z(95, n = 248), 6.541 < 9.271, P. <.05  and Stakeholder engagement had significant positive effect on growth of SMEs in Enugu State Z(95, n = 248), 5.525 < 9.208, P. <.05. The study concluded that Training and Stakeholder engagement had significant positive effect on employee development and growth of SMEs in Enugu State. The study recommended among others that to address employee weaknesses and builds a reliable and skilled workforce, Training is very essential in organisations and should be taking seriously to enhance the individual's level of awareness.
Zero-Error Attacks and Detection Statistics in the Coherent One-Way Protocol for Quantum Cryptography
Creators: name: Branciard, Cyril
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Lutkenhaus, Norbert
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a study of the security of the Coherent One-Way (COW) protocol for quantum cryptography, proposed recently as a simple and fast experimental scheme. In the zero-error regime, the eavesdropper Eve can only take advantage of the losses in the transmission. We consider new attacks, based on unambiguous state discrimination, which perform better than the basic beam-splitting attack, but which can be detected by a careful analysis of the detection statistics. These results stress the importance of testing several statistical parameters in order to achieve higher rates of secret bits.
The exoplanet-host star iota Horologii: an evaporated member of the primordial Hyades cluster
Creators: name: Vauclair, S.
name: Laymand, M.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Vauclair, G.
name: Hoa, A. Hui Bon
name: Charpinet, S.
name: Bazot, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the exoplanet-host star iota Horologii, alias HD17051, which belongs to the so-called Hyades stream, was formed within the primordial Hyades stellar cluster and has evaporated towards its present location, 40 pc away. This result has been obtained unambiguously by studying the acoustic oscillations of this star, using the HARPS spectrometer in La Silla Observatory (ESO, Chili). Besides the fact that $ι$ Hor belongs to the Hyades stream, we give evidence that it has the same metallicity, helium abundance, and age as the other stars of the Hyades cluster. They were formed together, at the same time, in the same primordial cloud. This result has strong implications for theories of stellar formation. It also indicates that the observed overmetallicity of this exoplanet-host star, about twice that of the Sun, is original and not caused by planet accretion during the formation of the planetary system.
description: to be published in A&A letters
Plenary Papers – 15th World Conference on Titanium
Creators: name: IOM3
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Developments In Titanium Research And Applications In Germany



Recent Research And Development Activities On Titanium In Japan



Recent Developments In Titanium Research And Applications In China



Trends In The Research, Development, And Application Of Titanium In The USA



Titanium Research Developments In The United Kingdom



Titanium Production And Research Developments In France
Radio Observations of an Ordinary Outflow from the Tidal Disruption Event AT2019dsg
Creators: name: Cendes, Y.
name: Alexander, K. D.
name: Berger, E.
name: Eftekhari, T.
name: Williams, P. K. G.
name: Chornock, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed radio observations of the tidal disruption event (TDE) AT2019dsg, obtained with the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), and spanning $55-560$ days post-disruption. We find that the peak brightness of the radio emission increases until ~200 days and subsequently begins to decrease steadily. Using the standard equipartition analysis, including the effects of synchrotron cooling as determined by the joint VLA-ALMA spectral energy distributions, we find that the outflow powering the radio emission is in roughly free expansion with a velocity of $\approx 0.07c$, while its kinetic energy increases by a factor of about 5 from 55 to 200 days and plateaus at $\approx 5\times 10^{48}$ erg thereafter. The ambient density traced by the outflow declines as $\approx R^{-1.6}$ on a scale of $\approx (1-4)\times 10^{16}$ cm ($\approx 6300-25000$ $R_s$), followed by a steeper decline to $\approx 6\times 10^{16}$ cm ($\approx 37500$ $R_s$). Allowing for a collimated geometry, we find that to reach even mildly relativistic velocities ($Γ=2$) the outflow requires an opening angle of $θ_j\approx 2^\circ$, which is narrow even by the standards of GRB jets; a truly relativistic outflow requires an unphysically narrow jet. The outflow velocity and kinetic energy in AT2019dsg are typical of previous non-relativistic TDEs, and comparable to those from Type Ib/c supernovae, raising doubts about the claimed association with a high-energy neutrino event.
description: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
A search for HI 21cm absorption toward the highest redshift radio loud objects
Creators: name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Wang, Ran
name: van Hoven, M.
name: Dwarakanath, K.
name: Chengalur, J.
name: Wyithe, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for HI 21cm absorption toward the two brightest radio AGN at high redshift, J0924--2201 at $z = 5.20$, and J0913+5919 at $z=5.11$, using the Giant Meter Wave Radio Telescope (GMRT). These data set a 3$σ$ upper limit to absorption of $< 30%$ at 40 km s$^{-1}$ resolution for the 30 mJy source J0913+5919, and $< 3%$ for the 0.55 Jy source J0924--2201 at 20 km s$^{-1}$ resolution. For J0924--2201, limits to broader lines at the few percent level are set by residual spectral baseline structure. For J0924--2201 the column density limit per 20 km s $^{-1}$ channel is: N(HI) $< 2.2\times 10^{18} \rm T_s$ cm$^{-2}$ over a velocity range of -700 km s$^{-1}$ to $+1180$ km s$^{-1}$ centered on the galaxy redshift determined through CO emission, assuming a covering factor of one. For J0913+5919 the column density limit per 40 km s$^{-1}$ channel is: N(HI) $< 2.2\times 10^{19} \rm T_s$ cm$^{-2}$ within $\pm 2400$ km s$^{-1}$ of the optical redshift. These data rule out any cool, high column density HI clouds within roughly $\pm 1000$ km s$^{-1}$ of the galaxies, as are often seen in Compact Steep Spectrum radio AGN, or clouds that might correspond to residual gas left over from cosmic reionization.
description: accepted to the Astronomical Journal; 7 figures; 9 pages aastex format
Shape- and element-sensitive reconstruction of periodic nanostructures with grazing incidence X-ray fluorescence analysis and machine learning
Creators: name: Andrle, Anna
name: Hönicke, Philipp
name: Gwalt, Grzegorz
name: Schneider, Philipp-Immanuel
name: Kayser, Yves
name: Siewert, Frank
name: Soltwisch, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of nanostructured surfaces with sensitivity in the sub-nm range is of high importance for the development of current and next generation integrated electronic circuits. Modern transistor architectures for e.g. FinFETs are realized by lithographic fabrication of complex, well ordered nanostructures. Recently, a novel characterization technique based on X-ray fluorescence measurements in grazing incidence geometry has been proposed for such applications. This technique uses the X-ray standing wave field, arising from an interference between incident and the reflected radiation, as a nanoscale sensor for the dimensional and compositional parameters of the nanostructure. The element sensitivity of the X-ray fluorescence technique allows for a reconstruction of the spatial element distribution using a finite-element method. Due to a high computational time, intelligent optimization methods employing machine learning algorithms are essential for a timely provision of results. Here, a sampling of the probability distributions by Bayesian optimization is not only fast, it also provides an initial estimate of the parameter uncertainties and sensitivities. The high sensitivity of the method requires a precise knowledge of the material parameters in the modeling of the dimensional shape provided that some physical properties of the material are known or determined beforehand. The unknown optical constants were extracted from an unstructured but otherwise identical layer system by means of soft X-ray reflectometry. The spatial distribution profiles of the different elements contained in the grating structure were compared to scanning electron and atomic force microscopy and the influence of carbon surface contamination on the modeling results were discussed.
New calculation schemes for proton-deuteron scattering including the Coulomb interaction
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A. C.
name: Sauer, P. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb interaction between the protons is included in the description of proton-deuteron scattering using the screening and renormalization approach in the framework of momentum-space integral equations. Two new calculational schemes are presented that confirm the reliability of the perturbative approach for treating the screened Coulomb interaction in high partial waves, used by us in earlier works.
description: To be published in Phys. Rev. C
Multitask 3D CBCT-to-CT Translation and Organs-at-Risk Segmentation Using Physics-Based Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Dahiya, Navdeep
name: Alam, Sadegh R
name: Zhang, Pengpeng
name: Zhang, Si-Yuan
name: Yezzi, Anthony
name: Nadeem, Saad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In current clinical practice, noisy and artifact-ridden weekly cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are only used for patient setup during radiotherapy. Treatment planning is done once at the beginning of the treatment using high-quality planning CT (pCT) images and manual contours for organs-at-risk (OARs) structures. If the quality of the weekly CBCT images can be improved while simultaneously segmenting OAR structures, this can provide critical information for adapting radiotherapy mid-treatment as well as for deriving biomarkers for treatment response. Using a novel physics-based data augmentation strategy, we synthesize a large dataset of perfectly/inherently registered planning CT and synthetic-CBCT pairs for locally advanced lung cancer patient cohort, which are then used in a multitask 3D deep learning framework to simultaneously segment and translate real weekly CBCT images to high-quality planning CT-like images. We compared the synthetic CT and OAR segmentations generated by the model to real planning CT and manual OAR segmentations and showed promising results. The real week 1 (baseline) CBCT images which had an average MAE of 162.77 HU compared to pCT images are translated to synthetic CT images that exhibit a drastically improved average MAE of 29.31 HU and average structural similarity of 92% with the pCT images. The average DICE scores of the 3D organs-at-risk segmentations are: lungs 0.96, heart 0.88, spinal cord 0.83 and esophagus 0.66. This approach could allow clinicians to adjust treatment plans using only the routine low-quality CBCT images, potentially improving patient outcomes. Our code, data, and pre-trained models will be made available via our physics-based data augmentation library, Physics-ArX, at https://github.com/nadeemlab/Physics-ArX.
description: Medical Physics 2021
Thinking critically about social studies : women’s perspectives
Creators: name: Ekdahl, Moira C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Personal observation, supported by Ministry of Education statistics, indicates that women are under represented in social studies teaching in BC. Social studies is about how humans interact and have interacted in the social world. Yet, these interactions are defined largely by men and are about men. The experience of women as teachers of social studies is both little studied and extremely important for understanding the subject and improving its teaching. This thesis looks at their experiences, as constructed in the stories of six women who have been leaders in the teaching of social studies and geography. It draws from their personal and professional narratives some reflections on women's ways of understanding equity, pedagogy, curriculum, citizenship, and leadership.
Interferometric observations of the multiple stellar system delta Velorum
Creators: name: Kellerer, A.
name: Petr-Gotzens, M. G.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Foresto, V. Coude du
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: delta Velorum is a nearby (24pc) triple stellar system, containing a close, eclipsing binary (Aa, Ab) discovered in 2000. Multiple systems provide an opportunity to determine the set of fundamental parameters (mass, luminosity, size and chemical composition) of coeval stars. These parameters can be obtained with particular precision in the case of eclipsing binaries; for delta Velorum's components (Aa, Ab) this potential has however not yet been exploited. We have analyzed interferometric observations of the close binary (Aa, Ab), obtained with the VINCI instrument and two VLTI siderostats. The measurements, which resolve the two components for the first time, are fitted onto the simple model of two uniformly bright, spherical stars. The observations suggest that Aa and Ab have larger diameters than expected if they were on the main sequence, and that they are, thus, in a later evolutionary state.
description: 6 pages, Research Note accepted for publication in A&A