cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance enhancement of galloping wind energy harvesting via bio-inspired V-shaped blade
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Xia, Wei
name: Yu, Weiwei
name: Zhong, Ximao
name: Lin, Tianlong
name: Hu, Shuling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Galloping wind energy harvesting has promising applications in future distributed self-powered low-power devices. A novel V-shaped blade is figured out from Palm leaf galloping. The enhancement of galloping oscillation from the bio-inspired V-shaped blade is evaluated. The galloping wind energy harvester (WEH) with a V-shaped blade is developed by electro-mechanical modeling, finite element simulation, ground vibration tests, and wind tunnel tests. It is found that the structural damping, effective electro-mechanical coupling coefficient, and V-shape included angle have big effects on the harvesting performance. The cut-in wind speed of WEH is below 3 m/s. With an included angle of 115° and a wind speed of 6.5 m/s, the output voltage is 4.48 V and the power density is 90.00 μW/cm3. The V-shaped blade harvester exhibits a 151.69% increase in output voltage and a 575.00% increase in power density compared to the traditional brick blade (square cross-section) harvester. Tests indicate that the output frequency remains stable at the structural resonant despite increasing wind speed. This study provides insights into enhancing galloping oscillation and wind energy harvesting efficiency by optimizing the aerodynamic shape of vortex shedding bluffs.
Learning to Estimate Driver Drowsiness from Car Acceleration Sensors using Weakly Labeled Data
Creators: name: Katsuki, Takayuki
name: Zhao, Kun
name: Yoshizumi, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the learning task of estimating driver drowsiness from the signals of car acceleration sensors. Since even drivers themselves cannot perceive their own drowsiness in a timely manner unless they use burdensome invasive sensors, obtaining labeled training data for each timestamp is not a realistic goal. To deal with this difficulty, we formulate the task as a weakly supervised learning. We only need to add labels for each complete trip, not for every timestamp independently. By assuming that some aspects of driver drowsiness increase over time due to tiredness, we formulate an algorithm that can learn from such weakly labeled data. We derive a scalable stochastic optimization method as a way of implementing the algorithm. Numerical experiments on real driving datasets demonstrate the advantages of our algorithm against baseline methods.
description: Accepted by ICASSP2020
D5.8 Pan-European Uptake FinalReport
Creators: name: Gaiarin, Sara Pittonet
name: Meneses, Rita
name: Gallas, Serenella Muradore
name: Cepinskas, Linas
name: L'Hours, Hervé
name: Von Stein, Ilona
name: Davidson, Joy
name: Newbold, Elizabeth
name: Kayumbi-Kabeya, Gabin
name: Garbuglia, Federica
name: Essen, Jessica Parland-Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FAIR, FAIRSFAIR, EOSC, FAIR DATA MANAGEMENT

description: The Charter of the EOSC Task Force on Researcher Engagement and Adoption, set-up in September 2021, states that “The overarching principle for developing EOSC is that research has to be at the core of the EOSC initiative. Thus, deep engagement with research communities is fundamental in order to understand their needs and requirements and ensure that the way in which EOSC operates and the existing and future community services are of use and value to researchers and respect the academic sovereignty of scientific results, research data and digital objects”. Over the last 36 months, FAIRsFAIR has provided practical solutions for the implementation of FAIR data principles throughout the research data life cycle. This has been achieved by fostering FAIR data culture and the uptake of good practices in making data FAIR. The FAIRsFAIR project addressed the development and concrete realisation of academic quality data management, procedures, standards, metrics and related matters, based on the FAIR principles. The engagement of European stakeholders was fundamental across all the activities. To that end, a mix of channels was used with the ultimate aim to ensure active participation and an overall feeling of being part of an enlarged community. For example, a bottom-up approach was established wherever possible and relevant; adaptation and flexibility ensured that the best engagement channels were used to reach each target community. It is important to highlight how the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting decision to organise workshops as online events had a positive impact on allowing interested participants in several activities to be reached. In particular, the switch to online events was instrumental in involving professionals from universities and other higher education institutions, who usually experience a different set of capacity and budgetary challenges, in attending physical events held outside or far from their countries. But this was also true for other events including the Synchronisation Force series, the national roadshows and the data steward instructor training. The participation of different stakeholders in the online workshops greatly enriched the discussions and contributed to shift the focus from Europe-centric issues involving FAIR research data with international insights and experiences. In order to present the impact achieved, this document presents the activities performed and analyses the related results around the FAIRsFAIR main stakeholders.
Blind Adversarial Pruning: Balance Accuracy, Efficiency and Robustness
Creators: name: Xie, Haidong
name: Qian, Lixin
name: Xiang, Xueshuang
name: Liu, Naijin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growth of interest in the attack and defense of deep neural networks, researchers are focusing more on the robustness of applying them to devices with limited memory. Thus, unlike adversarial training, which only considers the balance between accuracy and robustness, we come to a more meaningful and critical issue, i.e., the balance among accuracy, efficiency and robustness (AER). Recently, some related works focused on this issue, but with different observations, and the relations among AER remain unclear. This paper first investigates the robustness of pruned models with different compression ratios under the gradual pruning process and concludes that the robustness of the pruned model drastically varies with different pruning processes, especially in response to attacks with large strength. Second, we test the performance of mixing the clean data and adversarial examples (generated with a prescribed uniform budget) into the gradual pruning process, called adversarial pruning, and find the following: the pruned model's robustness exhibits high sensitivity to the budget. Furthermore, to better balance the AER, we propose an approach called blind adversarial pruning (BAP), which introduces the idea of blind adversarial training into the gradual pruning process. The main idea is to use a cutoff-scale strategy to adaptively estimate a nonuniform budget to modify the AEs used during pruning, thus ensuring that the strengths of AEs are dynamically located within a reasonable range at each pruning step and ultimately improving the overall AER of the pruned model. The experimental results obtained using BAP for pruning classification models based on several benchmarks demonstrate the competitive performance of this method: the robustness of the model pruned by BAP is more stable among varying pruning processes, and BAP exhibits better overall AER than adversarial pruning.
Insights from intracules and Coulomb holes
Creators: name: Sekh, Golam Ali
name: Talukdar, Benoy
name: Chatterjee, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that a typical two-electron distribution function in atoms and molecules often called the intracule depends sensitively on the electron-electron repulsion which leads to the so-called Coulomb correlation. The difference between the intracule densities computed by using the correlated and uncorrelated wave functions has been given the name Coulomb hole. Studies in intracule densities and Coulomb holes form a subject of considerable current interest. We make use of a three-parameter correlated wave function and its uncorrelated limit to study the properties of intracules and Coulomb holes in $He$, $Li^+$, $Be^{2+}$ and $Ne^{8+}$ and thus provide a transparent physical picture for the interplay between the electron-nucleus attraction and electron-electron repulsion in forming Coulomb holes around electrons in atoms of different $Z$ values.
description: 9 pages 5 figures
Solving the fully-connected spherical $p$-spin model with the cavity method: equivalence with the replica results
Creators: name: Gradenigo, Giacomo
name: Angelini, Maria Chiara
name: Leuzzi, Luca
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spherical $p$-spin is a fundamental model for glassy physics, thanks to its analytic solution achievable via the replica method. Unfortunately the replica method has some drawbacks: it is very hard to apply to diluted models and the assumptions beyond it are not immediately clear. Both drawbacks can be overcome by the use of the cavity method, which, however, needs to be applied with care to spherical models. Here we show how to write the cavity equations for spherical $p$-spin models on complete graphs, both in the Replica Symmetric (RS) ansatz (corresponding to Belief Propagation) and in the 1-step Replica Symmetry Breaking (1RSB) ansatz (corresponding to Survey Propagation). The cavity equations can be solved by a Gaussian (RS) and multivariate Gaussian (1RSB) ansatz for the distribution of the cavity fields. We compute the free energy in both ansatzes and check that the results are identical to the replica computation, predicting a phase transition to a 1RSB phase at low temperatures. The advantages of solving the model with the cavity method are many. The physical meaning of any ansatz for the cavity marginals is very clear. The cavity method works directly with the distribution of local quantities, which allows to generalize the method to dilute graphs. What we are presenting here is the first step towards the solution of the diluted version of the spherical $p$-spin model, which is a fundamental model in the theory of random lasers and interesting $per~se$ as an easier-to-simulate version of the classical fully-connected $p$-spin model.
description: 26 pages
Continuing the Tradition: Employing Tested and Emerging Economic Tools in Framing Sustainability Challenges for a Global Economy
Creators: name: Amanor-Boadu, Vincent
name: Ross, R. Brent
name: Amanor-Boadu, Vincent
name: Ross, R. Brent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Sustainability
subject: Adaptive Management
subject: System Dynamic Modeling

description: Economists have been successful in bringing their definitional and analytical tools to many of the problems that have confronted society over the past century and more, from Smith’s explanation of how nations produce wealth to Arrow’s explanation of the impossibility of social choice and Keynes’ general theory of money and interest. With the issue of sustainability, we draw on economic agents’ attempts at rational choice under uncertainty to understand the opportunities and challenges. We argue that employing system dynamic modeling approach to the problem could offer careful assessment of the soundness of sustainability strategies.
Newtonian versus relativistic nonlinear cosmology
Creators: name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both for the background world model and its linear perturbations Newtonian cosmology coincides with the zero-pressure limits of relativistic cosmology. However, such successes in Newtonian cosmology are not purely based on Newton's gravity, but are rather guided ones by previously known results in Einstein's theory. The action-at-a-distance nature of Newton's gravity requires further verification from Einstein's theory for its use in the large-scale nonlinear regimes. We study the domain of validity of the Newtonian cosmology by investigating weakly nonlinear regimes in relativistic cosmology assuming a zero-pressure and irrotational fluid. We show that, first, if we ignore the coupling with gravitational waves the Newtonian cosmology is exactly valid even to the second order in perturbation. Second, the pure relativistic correction terms start appearing from the third order. Third, the correction terms are independent of the horizon scale and are quite small in the large-scale near the horizon. These conclusions are based on our special (and proper) choice of variables and gauge conditions. In a complementary situation where the system is weakly relativistic but fully nonlinear (thus, far inside the horizon) we can employ the post-Newtonian approximation. We also show that in the large-scale structures the post-Newtonian effects are quite small. As a consequence, now we can rely on the Newtonian gravity in analyzing the evolution of nonlinear large-scale structures even near the horizon volume.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Kovacs effect in facilitated spin models of strong and fragile glasses
Creators: name: Arenzon, J. J.
name: Sellitto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Kovacs (or crossover) effect in facilitated $f$-spin models of glassy dynamics. Although the Kovacs hump shows a behavior qualitatively similar for all cases we have examined (irrespective of the facilitation parameter $f$ and the spatial dimension $d$), we find that the dependence of the Kovacs peak time on the temperature of the second quench allows to distinguish among different microscopic mechanisms responsible for the glassy relaxation (e.g. cooperative vs defect diffusion). We also analyze the inherent structure dynamics underlying the Kovacs protocol, and find that the class of facilitated spin models with $d>1$ and $f>1$ shows features resembling those obtained recently in a realistic model of fragile glass forming liquid.
description: 7 pages, final version to appear in EPJB, new results and an extended discussion
Anisotropic non-linear optical response of nodal loop materials
Creators: name: Tai, Tommy
name: Lee, Ching Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal line semimetals have lately aroused much experimental and theoretical interest, with their gap closing along unconventional trajectories in the 3D Brillouin zone. These trajectories or nodal lines can close into loops and trace out intricate knotted or linked configurations with complicated topologies. In this work, we investigate the semi-classical optical response of two nodal loops in linked, unlinked and touching configurations, focusing particularly on the interplay of response anisotropy and non-linearity. We provide a geometric picture that unifies these aspects and sheds light on the effects of nodal topology and geometry. Based on a model abstracted from generic multi nodal loop scenarios, both with or without linkages, our findings will be applicable for a large class of nodal semimetal materials with multiple nodal lines or loops.
description: 17 figures, 24 pages
Quantum-transport theory for semiconductor nanostructures: A density-matrix formulation
Creators: name: Iotti, Rita Claudia
name: Ciancio, Emanuele
name: Rossi, Fausto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general density-matrix formulation of quantum-transport phenomena in semiconductor nanostructures is presented. More specifically, contrary to the conventional single-particle correlation expansion, we shall investigate separately the effects of the adiabatic or Markov limit and of the reduction procedure. Our fully operatorial approach allows us to better identify the general properties of the scattering superoperators entering our effective quantum-transport theory at various description levels, e.g., N electrons-plus-quasiparticles, N electrons only, and single-particle picture. In addition to coherent transport phenomena characterizing the transient response of the system, the proposed theoretical description allows to study scattering induced phase coherence in steady-state conditions. As prototypical example, we shall investigate polaronic effects in strongly biased semiconductor superlattices.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Physical Review B
Matching and running sensitivity in non-renormalizable inflationary models
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Jacopo
name: Postma, Marieke
name: Bout, Melvin van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the inflationary models that are in agreement with the Planck data rely on the presence of non-renormalizable operators. If the connection to low energy particle physics is made, the renormalization group (RG) introduces a sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) physics that can be crucial in determining the inflationary predictions. We analyse this effect for the Standard Model (SM) augmented with non-minimal derivative couplings to gravity. Our set-up reduces to the SM for small values of the Higgs field, and allows for inflation in the opposite large field regime. The one-loop beta functions in the inflationary region are calculated using a covariant approach that properly accounts for the non-trivial structure of the field space manifold. We run the SM parameters from the electroweak to the inflationary scale, matching the couplings of the different effective field theories at the boundary between the two regimes, where we also include threshold corrections that parametrize effects from UV physics. We then compute the spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio and find that RG flow corrections can be determinant: a scenario that is ruled out at tree level can be resurrected and vice versa.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
Block copolymer-nanorod co-assembly in thin films: effects of rod-rod interaction and confinement
Creators: name: Diaz, Javier
name: Pinna, Marco
name: Zvelindovsky, Andrei V.
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
name: Shenhar, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations and experiments of nanorods (NRs) show that co-assembly with block copolymer (BCP) melts leads to the formation of a superstructure of side-to-side NRs perpendicular to the lamellar axis. A mesoscopic model is validated against scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of CdSe NRs mixed with polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate). It is then used to study the co-assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles (NPs) with a length in the same order of magnitude as the lamellar spacing. The phase diagram of BCP/NP is explored as well as the time evolution of the NR. NRs that are slightly larger than the lamellar spacing are found to rotate and organise side-to-side with a tilted orientation with respect to the interface. Strongly interacting NPs are found to dominate the co-assembly while weakly interacting nanoparticles are less prone to form aggregates and tend to form well-ordered configurations.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 Florida Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Senate (1); Democratic Candidate Bill Nelson (2); Republican Candidate Rick Scott (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Governor; Democratic Candidate Andrew Gillu (1); Republican Candidate Ron DeSantis (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control Senate (1); Republican/Democratic candidate for governor (1); Florida Amendment 4 to restore right to vote for prior felony conviction (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1).
Why Fairness Cannot Be Automated: Bridging the Gap Between EU Non-Discrimination Law and AI
Creators: name: Wachter, Sandra
name: Mittelstadt, Brent
name: Russell, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article identifies a critical incompatibility between European notions of discrimination and existing statistical measures of fairness. First, we review the evidential requirements to bring a claim under EU non-discrimination law. Due to the disparate nature of algorithmic and human discrimination, the EU's current requirements are too contextual, reliant on intuition, and open to judicial interpretation to be automated. Second, we show how the legal protection offered by non-discrimination law is challenged when AI, not humans, discriminate. Humans discriminate due to negative attitudes (e.g. stereotypes, prejudice) and unintentional biases (e.g. organisational practices or internalised stereotypes) which can act as a signal to victims that discrimination has occurred. Finally, we examine how existing work on fairness in machine learning lines up with procedures for assessing cases under EU non-discrimination law. We propose "conditional demographic disparity" (CDD) as a standard baseline statistical measurement that aligns with the European Court of Justice's "gold standard." Establishing a standard set of statistical evidence for automated discrimination cases can help ensure consistent procedures for assessment, but not judicial interpretation, of cases involving AI and automated systems. Through this proposal for procedural regularity in the identification and assessment of automated discrimination, we clarify how to build considerations of fairness into automated systems as far as possible while still respecting and enabling the contextual approach to judicial interpretation practiced under EU non-discrimination law. N.B. Abridged abstract
Impacts of Export Controls On Wheat Markets During the Food Crisis 2007/2008 in Russia and Ukraine
Creators: name: Goetz, Linde
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Goetz, Linde
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International price transmission
subject: wheat market
subject: food crisis
subject: Markov switching error correction model
subject: Russia
subject: Ukraine

description: This paper investigates the impacts of export controls in Russia and Ukraine on wheat world market price transmission during the 2007/2008 global food crisis. Russia and Ukraine aimed to reduce wheat exports induced by extraordinarily high world market prices to secure sufficient wheat supply on the domestic markets. Utilizing a Markov-Switching vector error correction model (MSVECM), we find that the temporary export restrictions induced negative effects on wheat markets in Russia and Ukraine. Although instability increased on the world markets itself, we have shown that the increase in the market instability was particularly pronounced in Russia and Ukraine. Also, the export restrictions dampened price transmission to the farmers’ prices, which pushed the growers’ prices below their long-run equilibrium level. Thus, investment incentives in wheat production which could result from high world market prices were foregone.
The effects of freestall surfaces and geometry on dairy cattle behavior
Creators: name: Tucker, Cassandra Blaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An important aspect of providing appropriate housing systems for dairy cattle (Bos taurus) is a suitable space for lying down. This thesis describes a series of eight experiments, and is a systematic attempt to test the effects of commonly used freestall surfaces (sand, sawdust, mattresses) and configurations (width, length, height, etc.) on the behavior of cattle. Two main categories of behavior were measured: preferences for options during choice tests, and the time spent lying and standing in the freestall area when the animals had no choice among treatments. Lying behavior was influenced by components of the freestall that cattle have contact with while lying down: freestall surface and space between partitions. Deep-bedded or heavily-bedded stall surfaces resulted in an increase in the number of lying events and total lying time, and the animals demonstrated clear preferences for these softer surfaces. In contrast, average duration of lying bouts and total lying time were higher in wider stalls, but cattle did not demonstrate clear preferences for stall size. The placement of the neck rail had no consistent effect on stall preference or lying behavior. All aspects of freestall design influenced the time spent standing in the stall. Cattle spent more time standing on mattresses than deep-bedded sand or sawdust and in stalls where the neck rail had been moved farther from the entrance to the stall or raised farther above the stall surface. In addition, cattle spent more time standing with only the front hooves in smaller stalls than larger ones. These experiments provide insight into how dairy cattle perceive the space provided for lying and standing.
Computing the period of an Ehrhart quasi-polynomial
Creators: name: Woods, Kevin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If P is a rational polytope in R^d, then $i_P(t):=#(tP\cap Z^d)$ is a quasi-polynomial in t, called the Ehrhart quasi-polynomial of P. A period of i_P(t) is D(P), the smallest positive integer D such that D*P has integral vertices. Often, D(P) is the minimum period of i_P(t), but, in several interesting examples, the minimum period is smaller. We prove that, for fixed d, there is a polynomial time algorithm which, given a rational polytope P in R^d and an integer n, decides whether n is a period of i_P(t). In particular, there is a polynomial time algorithm to decide whether i_P(t) is a polynomial. We conjecture that, for fixed d, there is a polynomial time algorithm to compute the minimum period of i_P(t). The tools we use are rational generating functions.
description: 15 pages
Neutrinospheres, resonant neutrino oscillations, and pulsar kicks
Creators: name: Barkovich, M.
name: D'Olivo, J. C.
name: Montemayor, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars and are the outcome of the collapse of the core of a massive star with a mass of the order of or larger than eight solar masses. This process releases a huge gravitational energy of about 10^{53} erg, mainly in the form of neutrinos. During the collapse the density increases, and so does the magnetic field due to the trapping of the flux lines of the progenitor star by the high conductivity plasma. When the density reaches a value of around 10^{12} g cm^{-3} neutrinos become trapped within the protoneutron star and a neutrinosphere, characterized inside by a diffusive transport of neutrinos and outside by a free streaming of neutrinos, is formed and lasts for a few seconds. Here we focus on the structure of the neutrinosphere, the resonant flavor conversion that can happen in its interior, and the neutrino flux anisotropies induced by this phenomena in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We present a detailed discussion in the context of the spherical Eddington model, which provides a simple but reasonable description of a static neutrino atmosphere, locally homogenous and isotropic. Energy and momentum are transported by neutrinos and antineutrinos flowing through an ideal gas of nonrelativistic, nondegenerate nucleons and relativistic, degenerate electrons and positrons. We examine the details of the asymmetric neutrino emission driven by active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the magnetized protoneutron star, and the possibility for this mechanism to explain the intrinsic large velocities of pulsars respect to nearby stars and associated supernova remnants.
description: 27 pgs., 2 figs., to be published in Pulsars: New Research, Nova Science Publishers
Content-based user viewport prediction for live virtual reality streaming
Creators: name: Feng, Xianglong
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Virtual reality (VR) streaming (a.k.a., 360-degree video streaming) has been gaining popularity recently as a new form of multimedia providing the users with immersive viewing experience. However, the high volume of data for the 360-degree video frames creates significant bandwidth challenges. Research efforts have been made to reduce the bandwidth consumption by predicting and selectively streaming the user's viewports. However, the existing viewport prediction approaches require historical user or video data and cannot be applied to live streaming, the most attractive VR streaming scenario. We develop a set of viewport prediction methods targeting live VR streaming by employing various features obtained from the video content, such as motion (i.e., LiveMotion), deep features (i.e., LiveDeep), object semantics (i.e., LiveObj), and action semantics (i.e., LiveROI). Furthermore, we enhance the video content-based prediction by leveraging runtime user feedback and modeling. Our evaluations using an empirical VR head movement dataset demonstrate high prediction accuracy and significant bandwidth savings obtained by the four methods. Besides, they achieve real-time performance with low processing delay, meeting the requirement of live VR streaming.
Magnetic impurities along the edge of a quantum spin Hall insulator: Realizing a one-dimensional AIII insulator
Creators: name: van Dalum, G. A. R.
name: Ortix, C.
name: Fritz, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we construct a one-dimensional insulator with an approximate chiral symmetry belonging to the AIII class and discuss its properties. The construction principle is the intentional pollution of the edge of a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator with magnetic impurities. The resulting bound states hybridize and disperse along the edge. We discuss under which circumstances this chain possesses zero-dimensional boundary modes on the level of an effective low-energy theory. The main appeal of our construction is the independence on details of the impurity lattice: the zero modes are stable against disorder and random lattice configurations. We also show that in the presence of Rashba coupling, which changes the symmetry class to A, one can still expect localized half-integer boundary excess charges protected by mirror symmetry although there is no nontrivial topological index. All of the results are confirmed numerically in a microscopic model.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
BRAZIL’S CLIMATE ADAPTATION POLICIES: IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Arriola, Christine
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Gasques, Jose Garcia
name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Arriola, Christine
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Gasques, Jose Garcia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Current climate adaptation polices in Brazil are influencing not only the choice of crops but also many agricultural practices at the farm level including changes in planting and sowing periods, use of irrigation-saving technologies, and increased nitrogen fertilization, among others. The shape and content of these adaptation policies and measures for Brazil are not limited to production agriculture, but include also conservation reserve and risk-reducing farm programs. In addition, the decades-old adaptation and management strategies for agricultural production under tropical conditions carried out by EMBRAPA, Brazil’s premier agricultural research agency, continue to play a prominent role. As Brazil is one the world’s largest agricultural producers and exporters of agricultural commodities, impacts in Brazil that may occur under different climate scenarios could have broad implications for food supply and prices worldwide. We find that farmers’ adoption of adaptation strategies could result in significant increases in agricultural productivity, changes in suitable crop growing areas, reduced vulnerability to temperature changes, and improved income generation for farmers.
A Net Present Value Model of Natural Gas Exploitation in Northern Alberta: An Analysis of Land Values in Woodland Caribou Ranges
Creators: name: Hauer, Grant
name: Adamowicz, Wiktor L.
name: Jagodzinski, Robert
name: Hauer, Grant
name: Adamowicz, Wiktor L.
name: Jagodzinski, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Net present value
subject: energy reserves
subject: natural gas
subject: caribou

description: This report was prepared for the purpose of providing background documentation of inputs to be used in mathematical programming models and papers, which are being prepared for our research project: Ecological and economic tradeoff analysis of conservation strategies for woodland caribou. The report presents a simple net present value model of resource and land value for natural gas in northern Alberta. The variables in the model include costs (drilling, seismic, operating and capital); geological variables (stratigraphic intervals, booked reserves, future reserves); drilling variables (well densities, drilling success rates, and drilling depths); production data and prices. Each variable is described in detail and methods of derivation are provided. A map of net present values for natural gas at a spatial resolution of 250ha sections is provided and overlaid on top of caribou ranges to provide a spatial representation of where the most valuable reserves are in relation to caribou ranges.
Conservation Auctions in Manitoba: A Summary of a Series of Workshops
Creators: name: Packman, Katherine
name: Boxall, Peter C.
name: Packman, Katherine
name: Boxall, Peter C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Market based instruments
subject: Conservation auction
subject: Tender
subject: Wetland restoration

description: Currently, the effect of human impact on the environment is becoming increasingly apparent. The encroachment of human activity has inevitably resulted in the loss or impairment of ecological goods and services (EG&S) around the globe as well as in our own backyard. EG&S include features such as wildlife habitat, biodiversity, soil renewal, or nutrient cycling. The loss of such features has become a sobering reality for Manitobans in the face of the utrophication of Lake Winnipeg as a result of practices contributing to nutrient loading into the lake. Since EG&S are very important to Manitobans, efforts are being made to explore different vehicles to encourage their provision. In order to address some of the environmental issues transpiring in Manitoba, there has been discussion on the usefulness of Market Based Instruments (MBIs). In the past, a number of programs focused on the environment in agriculture have been put forward and administered, however these have not been overly successful in incenting producers or providing significant levels of EG&S. This report will provide a summary of a series of workshops developed to bring awareness to stakeholders on an MBI known as a conservation auction (which may also be referred to as reverse auction, procurement auction, or tender).
Towards Exascale Lattice Boltzmann computing
Creators: name: Succi, Sauro
name: Amati, Giorgio
name: Bernaschi, Massimo
name: Falcucci, Giacomo
name: Lauricella, Marco
name: Montessori, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the state of art of Lattice Boltzmann (LB) computing, with special focus on prospective LB schemes capable of meeting the forthcoming Exascale challenge. After reviewing the basic notions of LB computing, we discuss current techniques to improve the performance of LB codes on parallel machines and illustrate selected leading-edge applications in the Petascale range. Finally, we put forward a few ideas on how to improve the communication/computation overlap in current large-scale LB simulations, as well as possible strategies towards fault-tolerant LB schemes.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures
General anesthesia and cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Butterfield, Noam Nahum Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes clinical and laboratory studies of the relationship between general anesthesia and cognitive impairment. Clinical studies investigated whether anesthetics with faster elimination pharmacokinetics would improve recovery in patients at high-risk of developing short-term cognitive impairment. Animal experiments investigated the relationship between general anesthesia, age, and long-term cognitive impairment. Carotid endarterectomy patients are at high risk of developing postoperative cognitive impairment because of advanced age, comorbidities, and potential surgical complications. Early postoperative neurological assessment is necessary to avoid irreversible neurological complications, but may be delayed by residual anesthesia. The inhalational anesthetic desflurane is more rapidly cleared from the body than isoflurane, which may lead to earlier recovery. Patients randomly received either anesthetic. Emergence times and cognitive recovery, tested at 30 minutes (Minimental status exam), and at 4 and 24-hours postoperatively (comprehensive neuropsychological assessment), were not significantly different. Depressed patients who receive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are at high risk of developing postictal cognitive impairment because of preexisting cognitive deficits and effects of ECT. Cognitive impairment can reduce patient compliance, promote premature discontinuation of effective treatments, distress family members, and delay discharge. The parenteral anesthetic propofol is more rapidly cleared from the body than thiopental, and may reduce cognitive impairment after ECT. Patients received thiopental or propofol alternating over six consecutive ECTs. Propofol was associated with less cognitive impairment (similar neuropsychological battery as in carotid study) 45 minutes after ECT. Long-term postoperative cognitive impairment in elderly patients has been attributed to general anesthesia. Clinical studies are limited in their ability to separate the effects of anesthesia from surgery. Hence, experiments were conducted in young (3-month) and aged (18- and 27-month) mice to test whether general anesthesia, administered 3 hours after training on psychomotor and spatial memory tasks, would impair cognitive performance tested approximately 24 hours later. Isoflurane or propofol anesthesia was repeated throughout training. Even with repeated administrations, general anesthesia did not cause long-term cognitive impairment in mice in any experimental condition. In summary, anesthetics with faster elimination times can improve short-term cognitive recovery in some cases (i.e. ECT patients), but in other cases (i.e. carotid endarterectomy patients), the choice of anesthetic may be less important than disease or surgical related factors. Results from the animal experiments suggest that general anesthesia does not cause long-term cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Modelling drug delivery from multiple emulsions
Creators: name: Pontrelli, G.
name: Carr, E. J.
name: Tiribocchi, A.
name: Succi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6; J.2; J.6
subject: 65M08, 76R50, 92C05

description: We present a mechanistic model of drug release from a multiple emulsion into an external surrounding fluid. We consider a single multi-layer droplet where the drug kinetics are described by a pure diffusive process through different liquid shells. The multi-layer problem is described by a system of diffusion equations coupled via interlayer conditions imposing continuity of drug concentration and flux. Mass resistance is imposed at the outer boundary through the application of a surfactant at the external surface of the droplet. The two-dimensional problem is solved numerically by finite volume discretization. Concentration profiles and drug release curves are presented for three typical round-shaped (circle, ellipse and bullet) droplets and the dependency of the solution on the mass transfer coefficient at the surface analyzed. The main result shows a reduced release time for an increased elongation of the droplets.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 Tennessee Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Senate (1); Democratic Candidate Phil Bredesen (2); Republican Candidate Marsha Blackburn (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Governor (1); Democratic Candidate Karl Dean (1); Republican Candidate Bill Lee (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control Senate (1); Republican/Democratic candidate for governor (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1).
Towards Automated Library Migrations with Error Prone and Refaster
Creators: name: Ossendrijver, Rick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Refactoring, automation, library migration, Error Prone, Refaster

description: Software projects use a significant number of external libraries to speed up development and deliver high-quality software in a cost-effective way.
 Requirements placed on external libraries can change over time and libraries may cease to be maintained or evolve in incompatible ways.
 Consequently, a library may no longer be fit for purpose and require replacement.
 Such a library migration is generally performed manually and may be complex, error-prone, and time-consuming, especially for large codebases. It follows that an automated approach to library migrations is preferred. We consider the suitability of Error Prone and Refaster, two Google tools capable of refactoring Java programs, for automated library migration.
 The former is a compiler plugin capable of emitting diagnostics and suggested code fixes, while the latter exposes a Java templating domain-specific language (DSL) with before-and-after rewrite semantics. We propose extensions that improve the accuracy with which Refaster templates are matched, as well as the correctness of their replacement operations. We additionally propose a set of Error Prone extensions which facilitate rewriting method return types. Lastly, several generalizations and improvements of existing Error Prone plugins are discussed. Together these improvements enable a new class of rewrite operations, especially relevant to library migrations. As a case study, the reactive programming library RxJava 2 is migrated to Project Reactor.
 We consider a private industrial codebase as well as an actively developed open source codebase.
 We show that using out-of-the-box Error Prone and Refaster full migration of RxJava 2-referencing files is possible in only 35% and 0% of such files, respectively.
 Using the proposed extensions, we manage to fully migrate an additional 35% of the RxJava 2-referencing files in the former codebase, and an initial 39% of such files in the latter codebase.
Automotive Industrial Robot - Selection Criteria for Body Assembly Application
Creators: name: Rashidi, Asari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91302 Automation and Control Engineering
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91007 Manufacturing Robotics and Mechatronics (excl. Automotive Mechatronics)

description: In automotive manufacturing processes especially at Body Shop, industrial robots are widely used to increase productivity while maintaining desired quality standard and design specification in production line. The application are mainly on welding (spot / arc welding), sealant / adhesive application and material handling. Therefore, the selection of the robot types and brand are crucial in order to get best fit to the application at minimum cost.
DAMAGE CAUSED AS A RESULT OF COMMITTING AN ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENSE AND METHODS OF COMPENSATION
Creators: name: Azimov, Toxir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article provides a scientific analysis of the concept of damage caused as a result of committing administrative offenses and methods of compensation. Additionally, substantiated proposals and recommendations have been developed to improve the methods of compensating for damage caused as a result of administrative offenses.
CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE AND POVERTY
Creators: name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Rosch, Stephanie D.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Rosch, Stephanie D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Food Security and Poverty
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Even though much has been written about climate change and poverty as distinct and complex problems, the link between them has received little attention. Understanding this link is vital for the formulation of effective policy responses to climate change. In this article, we focus on agriculture as a primary means by which the impacts of climate change are transmitted to the poor, and as a sector at the forefront of climate change mitigation efforts in developing countries. In so doing, we offer some important insights that may help shape future policies as well as ongoing research in this area.
File S1: Sporothrix schenckii genome annotation v2 (file GFF)Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of Sporothrix schenckii yeast and mycelial forms
Creators: name: Romeo, Orazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: General feature format (GFF) file of the new S. schenckii genome annotation (version 2)