cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quelques méthodes pour les mots sturmiens
Creators: name: Frid, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68R15

description: In this book chapter, written in French, we consider the classical family of Sturmian words, defined as the aperiodic infinite words containing only $n+1$ factors of a length $n$, which is the minimal possible value. We will discuss several techniques for Sturmian words which have not been described in monographs. In particular, we will consider the geometric dual method by Berstel and Pocchiola and the link between palindrome factors and Ostrowski numeration systems. We will also discuss a conjecture on palindromic length which was proved on Sturmian words by two completely different methods for two distinct cases.
description: Book chapter. In French
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 171 (2015): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 171. Jahrgang
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 171. Jahrgang
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jahreshefte Der Gesellschaft Für Naturkunde In Württemberg
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2021

description: Bericht der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 2015...393-398 Nachruf Wilbert Neugebauer (1924–2015)...371-373 Nachruf Gottfried Klemm (1926–2014)...367-369 Nachruf Jochen Hölzinger (1942–2015)...319-365 Nachruf Helmut Herwanger (1940–2014)...313-317 Nachruf Hans Berckhemer (1926–2014)...311-312 Die württembergischen Blatt-, Halm- und Holzwespen (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) - VI. Symphyten aus dem Landkreis Rottweil...283-309 Süßwasserschwämme (Porifera: Spongillidae) in Baden-Württemberg...259-282 Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weisser Jura ζ) – Grabungskampagne 2014...237-258 Lebensraum Randecker Maar: Ein Fenster in das Mittelmiozäne Klimaoptimum...221-236 Mittelmiozäne Süßwasserbecken der Schwäbischen Alb...201-219 Erstnachweis der Fährtengattung Evazoum Nicosia & Loi 2003 im Kieselsandstein (Obere Trias, Karn, Hassberge-Formation) von Baden-Württemberg...191-200 Eine reiche Ammonitenfauna aus der Grossouvrei-Subzone (Coronatum-Zone, Mittel-Callovium) im Ornatenoolith vom Breitenstein bei Bissingen a. d. Teck (Schwäbische Alb)...173-190 Die neue Identität des Zavelsteiner Krokus als Crocus neglectus nach DNA-Untersuchungen...163-172 Verwilderte Zierpflanzen auf den Fildern...111-162 Algenfunde in Württemberg – Teil 5...095-109 Sorbus lonetalensis – eine neue Mehlbeere aus Baden-Württemberg...077-094 Ploidie-Bestimmung baden-württembergischer Bastard-Mehlbeeren...069-075 Sorbus seyboldiana – eine neue Mehlbeere aus Baden-Württemberg und Bayern...051-068 Bestand und Genese des Herbariums Hegelmaier (STU). Dargestellt am Beispiel der Gattung Hieracium (Asteraceae) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Typus-Belege...021-050 Kartierung und digitale, geografische Darstellung der Vorkommen des Schwarzen Streifenfarns (Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L.) an Trockensteinmauern in Tübingen (Baden-Württemberg)...005-020
Mass Matrix Ansatz for Degenerate Neutrinos Consistent with Solar and Atmospheric neutrino Data
Creators: name: Kang, Kyungsik
name: Kang, Sin Kyu
name: Kim, Jihn E.
name: Ko, Pyungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest mass matrices for neutrinos and charged leptons that can explain solar and atmospheric neutrino data. The resulting flavor mixing matrix $V_ν$ has a property that $(V_ν)_{13}=0$, thus making $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_μ$ and $ν_μ \leftrightarrow ν_τ$ oscillations to be effectively a two-channel problem. Phenomenological consequences of the lepton mass matrix ansatze are consistent with the current data on various type of neutrino oscillation experiments except the LSND measurement. %and that three neutrinos are almost degenerate in mass. Three neutrinos, being almost degenerate with $\sum | m_{ν_i} | \lesssim 1 $ eV, can be a part of hot dark matter without any conflict with the constraint from neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. The $ν_μ \leftrightarrow ν_τ$ oscillation, $\sin^2{2θ_{μτ}}$, is predicted to be 0.86-0.97 with $Δm^2_{μτ}\simeq 2 \times 10^{-3} {eV}^2$, which is consistent with the atmospheric neutrino data and can be tested further at the planned MINOS and K2K experiments searching for $ν_μ \to ν_τ$ oscillation.
description: RevTex, 10 pages, title changed, substantial changes. To appear in Phys. Lett. B
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 172 (2016): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 172. Jahrgang
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 172. Jahrgang
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jahreshefte Der Gesellschaft Für Naturkunde In Württemberg
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2021

description: Bericht der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 2016...319-324 Nachruf Albert Schreiner (1923–2016)...311-317 Nachruf Erhard Nägele (1933–2016)...307-309 Nachruf Michael Höllwarth (1944–2016)...297-305 Nachruf Rüdiger German (1926–2016)...279-296 Nachruf Theodor Butterfaß (1926–2015)...277-278 Die Pflanzen- und Tierwelt von Köngen, Kreis Esslingen, im frühen 18. Jahrhundert...243-276 Mollusken-Lebensgemeinschaften auf Magerrasen und Nasswiesen im Glemstal...223-242 Sexualpheromone und Systematik – Eine Fallstudie an Schnellkäfern (Coleoptera: Elateridae)...205-222 Verbreitung und Habitatansprüche der Mohrenfalter-Arten Erebia medusa, Erebia aethiops und Erebia ligea (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) in Baden-Württemberg...149-203 Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weißer Jura ζ) – Grabungskampagne 2015...129-147 Porenzemente, Senkung und Hebung von Kalksteinen des Marbach-Ooliths, Oberer Muschelkalk...109-127 Die Ammonitenfauna des oberen „Goldschneckentons“ (Enodatum-Subzone, Calloviense-Zone, Unter-Callovium) von Bad Staffelstein-Uetzing/Oberfranken...081-107 Ein Erycites labrosus (Quenstedt) aus der Opalinum-Zone (Unter-Aalenium) von Donzdorf (östliche Schwäbische Alb)...065-080 Ammoniten aus der Sauzei-Zone (Unter-Bajocium, Mittlerer Jura) vom Rechberg (Drei Kaiserberge, mittlere Schwäbische Alb)...055-063 Algenfunde in Württemberg – Teil 6...013-054 Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) Soó vor den Toren Stuttgarts...005-011
MOESM4 of Updating the modified Thompson test by using whole-body bioluminescence imaging to replace traditional efficacy testing in experimental models of murine malaria
Creators: name: Caridha, Diana
name: Hickman, Mark
name: Xie, Lisa
name: Ngundam, Franklyn
name: Milner, Erin
name: Schenk, Amanda
name: Butler, Kirk
name: Nugent, Dylan
name: Lee, Patricia
name: Roncal, Norma
name: Leed, Susan
name: Hosford, Eve
name: Jangwoo Lee
name: Sciotti, Richard
name: Reichard, Gregory
name: Black, Chad
name: Kreishman-Deitrick, Mara
name: Qigui Li
name: Vesely, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Luciferase-expressing Plasmodium berghei infected erythrocytes are present in the blood and brain of female ICR-CD1 mice infected with P. berghei parasites. Female ICR-CD1 mice infected with 1 × 105 luciferase-expressing P. berghei infected erythrocytes were injected IP with 200 mg/kg luciferin 10 min before analysis. Whole-body luminescence measurements were taken 10 min post luciferin injections in 10 ICR-CD1 mice. Mice were euthanized immediately thereafter, brains were harvested, and bioluminescence signal was measured. Additional figure 4A shows the bioluminescence signal in the bodies and brains of 5 mice respectively before and after they were euthanized because of severe malaria. Additional figure 4B shows bioluminescence signal in the bodies and brains of 5 mice that belonged to the positive control (mefloquine) treated group respectively before and after they were euthanized on day 31 post infections which is the last day in the study. The photon intensity numbers in the brighter areas of the image (red or bright yellow) are greater than those in the areas with a dimmer green or blue color, where fewer photons were detected.
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 173 (2017): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 173. Jahrgang
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 173. Jahrgang
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jahreshefte Der Gesellschaft Für Naturkunde In Württemberg
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2021

description: Bericht der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 2017...187-194 Nachruf Oskar Sebald (1929–2017)...165-168 Neozoen auf den Fildern...135-163 Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weißer Jura ζ) – Grabungskampagne 2016...115-133 Schichtenfolge und Ammonitenfauna des Grenzbereichs Unter/Obertoarcium (Unterer Jura) von Dormettingen, Baden-Württemberg...085-114 Die dinosauroide Fährtenart Grallator cursorius Hitchcock 1858 im Kieselsandstein (Obere Trias, Karn, Hassberge-Formation) und Stubensandstein (Obere Trias, Nor, Löwenstein-Formation) von Baden-Württemberg...073-084 Die Entwicklungsgeschichte junger Landformen lässt sich aus dem Digitalen Geländemodell von Baden-Württemberg ableiten...027-048 Ein neuer Ammoniten-Faunenhorizont der Enodatum-Subzone (Calloviense-Zone, Unter-Callovium) aus der unteren Ornatenton-Formation, mittlere Schwäbische Alb, SW-Deutschland...049-072 Algenfunde in Württemberg – Teil 7...005-025
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 174 (2018): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 174. Jahrgang
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 174. Jahrgang
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jahreshefte Der Gesellschaft Für Naturkunde In Württemberg
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2021

description: Bericht der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 2018...257-264 Nachruf Werner Kugler (1942–2018)...253-255 Nachruf Friedrich Kast (1927–2017)...251-252 Nachruf Fritz Dieterlen (1929–2017)...235-250 Die württembergischen Blatt-, Halm- und Holzwespen (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)...209-234 Der Scharnhäuser Vulkan – eine Bestandsaufnahme 125 Jahre nach Brancos Beschreibung...191-207 Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weisser Jura ζ) – Grabungskampagne 2017...173-189 Neue Dactylioceratiden (Cephalopoda, Ammonitina) aus dem untersten Toarcium (Tenuicostatum-Zone) von Baden-Württemberg, Südwestdeutschland und ihre biochronologische Bedeutung...143-172 Faziesentwicklung des Oberen Hauptquaders und der Oberen Terebratelbank (Oberer Muschelkalk, Trias, Südwestdeutschland)...121-142 Die Ammonitenfauna des subcostarius-Horizonts (Curtilobus-Subzone, Koenigi-Zone, Unter-Callovium, Ornatenton-Formation) von Geisingen a. d. Donau, SW-Deutschland...087-120 Prähistorische Vorkommen einiger Wasser-, Sumpf- und Moorpflanzen in Württemberg...045-085 Die Bedeutung der Mixotrophie in der Pflanzenernährung mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ackerkratzdistel...027-044 Neu entdeckte Vorkommen der Zieralge Oocardium stratum Nägeli, 1849 im Tobel der Wolfegger Ach im oberschwäbischen Alpenvorland...011-026 Ulrich Kull – 80 Jahre...005-009
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 175 (2019): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 175. Jahrgang
title: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 175. Jahrgang
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jahreshefte Der Gesellschaft Für Naturkunde In Württemberg
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2021

description: Bericht der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 2019...437-442 Nachruf Günter Pilgrim (1926-2017)...435-436 Nachruf Hans-Dieter Görtz (1945–2019)...423-434 Georges Cuvier, Württemberg und Katastrophen – Zum 250. Geburtstag von Georges Cuvier...397-422 Strategien zur Vermeidung von Insektensterben durch modifizierte Mahdkonzepte innerstädtischer Grünflächen...389-396 Der Kulkwitzer See (Leipzig, Sachsen) als Referenzgewässer für die neuen Seen der Bergbaufolgelandschaft Mitteldeutschlands – Tauchuntersuchungen zur Ökologie und Biodiversität...293-387 3D-Faziesmodelle des Oberen Muschelkalks...273-292 Modellbetrachtungen für die Tiefengrundwässer im Oberen Muschelkalk zwischen Stuttgart und Oberschwaben...233-272 Calcitkonkretionen aus lehmgefüllten Karstspalten der Ulmer Alb...219-231 Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weißer Jura ζ) – Grabungskampagne 2018...199-217 Achate, Sphärolithe und Sternquarzaggregate in Kieselhölzern aus dem Schilfsandstein (Grabfeld-/Stuttgart-Formation, Trias) – Entstehung dieser auffälligen Phänomene...167-197 Ein Skirroceras nodosum (Quenstedt) aus der Sauzei-Zone (Mittel-Jura, Bajocium) von Mössingen-Öschingen (SW-Deutschland)...159-165 Ein weiterer Beleg für die Medea-Subzone (untere Jason-Zone, Mittel-Callovium), und zwar aus dem Wartenbergoolith von Geisingen a. d. Donau...149-158 Die Ammonitenfauna der Medea-Subzone (untere Jason-Zone, Mittel-Callovium) aus dem Ornatenton, mittlere Schwäbische Alb, SW-Deutschland...129-148 Errata – Beiträge zu den Algen Baden-Württembergs, Band 2 (Sonderband 5/II der Jahreshefte)...097-103 Korrekturen und Anmerkungen zur Taxonomie der Chlorophyta Pascher 1914 – Grün-Algen, Chlorophyt-Algen – in Mattern et al. (2018a) und einiger Taxa der Klasse Klebsormidiophyceae C. Hoek, D. G. Mann et H. M. Jans 1995 ......105-127 Die spät- und nacheiszeitliche Vegetationsgeschichte des Neckarlandes...061–095 Schwielen-Löwenzähne (Taraxacum Sektion Erythrosperma) in Baden-Württemberg – Funde 2017 und 2018...041–059 Der Krähenfuß-Wegerich (Plantago coronopus L.) im Einzugsgebiet von Stuttgart...033–040 Die Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg von 1994 bis 2019...005-032
A Holographic Derivation of the Weak Gravity Conjecture
Creators: name: Montero, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) demands the existence of superextremal particles in any consistent quantum theory of gravity. The standard lore is that these particles are introduced to ensure that extremal black holes are either unstable or marginally stable, but it is not clear what is wrong if this doesn't happen. This note shows that, for a generic Einstein quantum theory of gravity in AdS, exactly stability of extremal black branes is in tension with rigorously proven quantum information theorems about entanglement entropy. Avoiding the contradiction leads to a nonperturbative version of the WGC, which reduces to the usual statement at weak coupling. The argument is general, and it does not rely on either supersymmetry or a particular UV completion, assuming only the validity of Einsteinian gravity, effective field theory, and holography. The pathology is related to the development of an infinite throat in the near-horizon region of the extremal solutions, which suggests a connection to the ER=EPR proposal.
description: 36 pages + appendices; 6 figures. v2: Minor changes, expanded discussion in appendix B
Comparison of three approaches to light scattering by dilute cold atomic ensembles
Creators: name: Sokolov, Igor M.
name: Guerin, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective effects in atom-light interaction is of great importance for cold-atom-based quantum devices or fundamental studies on light transport in complex media. Here we discuss and compare three different approaches to light scattering by dilute cold atomic ensembles. The first approach is a coupled-dipole model, valid at low intensity, which includes cooperative effects, like superradiance, and other coherent properties. The second one is a random-walk model, which includes classical multiple scattering and neglects coherence effects. The third approach is a crude approximation only based on the attenuation of the excitation beam inside the medium, the so-called "shadow effect". We show that in the case of a low-density sample, the random walk approach is an excellent approximation for steady-state light scattering, and that the shadow effect surprisingly gives rather accurate results at least up to optical depths on the order of 15.
A novel gravitational lensing feature by wormholes
Creators: name: Shaikh, Rajibul
name: Banerjee, Pritam
name: Paul, Suvankar
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Horizonless compact objects with light rings (or photon spheres) are becoming increasingly popular in recent years for several reasons. In this paper, we show that a horizonless object such as a wormhole of Morris-Thorne type can have two photon spheres. In particular, we show that, in addition to the one present outside a wormhole throat, the throat can itself act as an effective photon sphere. Such wormholes exhibit two sets of relativistic Einstein ring systems formed due to strong gravitational lensing. We consider a previously obtained wormhole solution as a specific example. If such type of wormhole casts a shadow at all, then the inner set of the relativistic Einstein rings will form the outer bright edge of the shadow. Such a novel lensing feature might serve as a distinguishing feature between wormholes and other celestial objects as far as gravitational lensing is concerned.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, references added, published in PLB
Discrete aqueous solvent effects and possible attractive forces
Creators: name: Burak, Yoram
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study discrete solvent effects on the interaction of two parallel charged surfaces in ionic aqueous solution. These effects are taken into account by adding a bilinear non-local term to the free energy of Poisson-Boltzmann theory. We study numerically the density profile of ions between the two plates, and the resulting inter-plate pressure. At large plate separations the two plates are decoupled and the ion distribution can be characterized by an effective Poisson-Boltzmann charge that is smaller than the nominal charge. The pressure is thus reduced relative to Poisson-Boltzmann predictions. At plate separations below ~2 nm the pressure is modified considerably, due to the solvent mediated short-range attraction between ions in the the system. For high surface charges this contribution can overcome the mean-field repulsion giving rise to a net attraction between the plates.
description: 12 figures in 16 files. 19 pages. Submitted to J. Chem. Phys., July 2000
Asthma & Type 2 Diabetes - Supplementary Appendix.pdf
Creators: name: Shapiro, Michael
name: Arbel, Chen
name: Zucker, Inbar
name: Balmor, Gingy Ronen
name: Lutski, Miri
name: Derazne, Estela
name: Beer, Zivan
name: Pinhas-Hamiel, Orit
name: Mosenzon, Ofri
name: Tzur, Durit
name: Afek, Arnon
name: Tirosh, Amir
name: Cukierman-Yaffe, Tali
name: Gerstein, Hertzel C
name: Rozenberg, Vered
name: Chodik, Gabriel
name: Raz, Itamar
name: Twig, Gilad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine

description: Supplementary Appendix for manuscript titled: "Asthma in Youth and Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Study of 1.72 Million Israeli Adolescents"
Adhesive wear mechanisms in the presence of weak interfaces: Insights from an amorphous model system
Creators: name: Brink, Tobias
name: Molinari, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering wear models are generally empirical and lack connections to the physical processes of debris generation at the nanoscale to microscale. Here, we thus analyze wear particle formation for sliding interfaces in dry contact with full and reduced adhesion. Depending on the material and interface properties and the local slopes of the surfaces, we find that colliding surface asperities can either deform plastically, form wear particles, or slip along the contact junction surface without significant damage. We propose a mechanism map as a function of material properties and local geometry, and confirm it using quasi-two-dimensional and three-dimensional molecular dynamics and finite-element simulations on an amorphous, siliconlike model material. The framework developed in the present paper conceptually ties the regimes of weak and strong interfacial adhesion together and can explain that even unlubricated sliding contacts do not necessarily lead to catastrophic wear rates. A salient result of the present paper is an analytical expression of a critical length scale, which incorporates interface properties and roughness parameters. Therefore, our findings provide a theoretical framework and a quantitative map to predict deformation mechanisms at individual contacts. In particular, contact junctions of sizes above the critical length scale contribute to the debris formation.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures
Overscreened Single Channel Kondo Problem
Creators: name: Sengupta, Anirvan M.
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the single channel Kondo problem with the Kondo coupling between a spin $S$ impurity and conduction electrons with spin $j$. These problems arise as multicritical points in the parameter spaces of two- and higher-level tunneling systems, and some impurity models of heavy fermion compounds. In contrast to the previous Bethe-anstaz conjectures, it turns out that the dynamics of the spin sector is the same as that of a spin $S$ impurity coupled to $k(j)$ channels of spin $1/2$ electrons with $k(j) = 2j(j+1)(2j+1)/3$. As a result, for $2S < k(j)$, the system shows non-Fermi liquid behavior with the same exponents for the thermodynamic quantities as those of $k(j)$ channel Kondo problem. However, both the finite-size spectrum and the operator content are different due to the presence of the other sectors and can be obtained by conformal field theory techniques.
description: 4 pages, revtex, no figures. Revised Version
Shapiro steps in a superconducting film with an antidot lattice
Creators: name: Van Look, L.
name: Rosseel, E.
name: Van Bael, M. J.
name: Temst, K.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
name: Bruynseraede, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shapiro voltage steps at voltages V_n=nV_0 (n integer) have been observed in the voltage-current characteristics of a superconducting film with a square lattice of perforating microholes (antidots)in the presence of radiofrequent radiation. These equidistant steps appear at the second matching field H_2 when the flow of the interstitial vortex lattice in the periodic potential created by the antidots and the vortices trapped by them, is in phase with the applied rf frequency. Therefore, the observation of Shapiro steps clearly reveals the presence of mobile intersitial vortices in superconducting films with regular pinning arrays. The interstitial vortices, moved by the driving current, coexist with immobile vortices strongly pinned at the antidots.
description: 6 pages text, 3 EPS figures, RevTeX, accepted for publication in PRB Rapid Communications
Nanhermanniidae Sellnick 1928
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Nanhermanniidae

description: Family: Nanhermanniidae Sellnick, 1928   Nanhermannia comitalis Berlese, 1913
 Distribution in Georgia: Cross Pass, subalpine meadow, N42.505081 ˚ E44.454129 ˚, 2400 m a.s.l. two individuals coll. Z. Medoeva in 1985 (Medoeva et al. 1987); Shvilobisa cave, soil from cave entrance, N42.326525 ˚ E43.268253 ˚, 615m a.s.l., four individuals coll. Sh. Barjadze, 19 Apr. 2017 (Murvanidze et al. 2019).
 Global Distribution: Holarctic
 Ecology: Wet and humid soils including acidic bogs
 Remark: This species was missing in checklist I. In the publication of Medoeva et al. (1987) only the geographic location is indicated; coordinates were applied via Google Earth.
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Testing Continuous Spontaneous Localization with Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
name: Bassi, Angelo
name: Carlesso, Matteo
name: Vinante, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collapse models describe phenomenologically the quantum-to-classical transition by adding suitable nonlinear and stochastic terms to the Schroedinger equation, thus (slightly) modifying the dynamics of quantum systems. Experimental bounds on the collapse parameters have been derived from various experiments involving a plethora of different systems, from single atoms to gravitational wave detectors. Here, we give a comprehensive treatment of the Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) model, the most studied among collapse models, for Fermi liquids. We consider both the white and non-white noise case. Application to various astrophysical sources is presented.
Ultrasensitive Displacement Noise Measurement of Carbon Nanotube Mechanical Resonators
Creators: name: de Bonis, S. L.
name: Urgell, C.
name: Yang, W.
name: Samanta, C.
name: Noury, A.
name: Vergara-Cruz, J.
name: Dong, Q.
name: Jin, Y.
name: Bachtold, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical resonators based on a single carbon nanotube are exceptional sensors of mass and force. The force sensitivity in these ultra-light resonators is often limited by the noise in the detection of the vibrations. Here, we report on an ultra-sensitive scheme based on a RLC resonator and a low-temperature amplifier to detect nanotube vibrations. We also show a new fabrication process of electromechanical nanotube resonators to reduce the separation between the suspended nanotube and the gate electrode down to $\sim 150$~nm. These advances in detection and fabrication allow us to reach $0.5~\mathrm{pm}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ displacement sensitivity. Thermal vibrations cooled cryogenically at 300~mK are detected with a signal-to-noise ratio as high as 17~dB. We demonstrate $4.3~\mathrm{zN}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ force sensitivity, which is the best force sensitivity achieved thus far with a mechanical resonator. Our work is an important step towards imaging individual nuclear spins and studying the coupling between mechanical vibrations and electrons in different quantum electron transport regimes.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Hermanniellidae Grandjean 1934
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Hermanniellidae

description: Family: Hermanniellidae Grandjean, 1934   Hermanniella septentrionalis Berlese, 1910
 Distribution in Georgia: Batumi (Shtanchaeva & Subías 2007); village Ghari, soil in coniferous forest, N42.590187 ˚ E43.457181 ˚, 1115m a.s.l., one individual coll. N. Todria, 26 Sep. 2019.
 Global distribution: Holarctic
 Ecology: Humid forest soils
 Remark: This species was missing in checklist I. Darejanashvili & Gurgenidze (2004) report it from various forest types of Eastern Georgia without providing exact geographic location; therefore, we do not include this record in the list. Shtanchaeva & Subías report the species from Batumi botanical garden.
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
New high-dimensional examples of ballistic random walks in random environment
Creators: name: Fukushima, Ryoki
name: Ramírez, Alejandro F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K37, 82D30, 82C41

description: We give new criteria for ballistic behavior of random walks in random environment which are perturbations of the simple symmetric random walk on $\mathbb Z^d$ in dimensions $d\ge 4$. Our results extend those of Sznitman [Ann. Probab. 31, no. 1, 285-322 (2003)] and the recent ones of Ramírez and Saglietti [Preprint, arXiv:1808.01523], and allow us to exhibit new examples in dimensions $d\ge 4$ of ballistic random walks which do not satisfy Kalikow's condition. Our criteria implies ballisticity whenever the average of the local drift of the walk is not too small compared with an appropriate moment of the centered environment. The proof relies on a concentration inequality of Boucheron et al. [Ann. Probab. 33, no. 2, 514-560 (2005)].
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in RIMS K\^oky\^uroku Bessatsu
Decays of Pentaquarks in Hadrocharmonium and Molecular Pictures
Creators: name: Eides, Michael I.
name: Petrov, Victor Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider decays of the hidden charm LHCb pentaquarks in the hadrocharmonium and molecular scenarios. In both pictures the LHCb pentaquarks are essentially nonrelativistic bound states. We develop a semirelativistic framework for calculation of the partial decay widths that allows the final particles to be relativistic. Using this approach we calculate the decay widths in the hadrocharmonium and molecular pictures. Molecular hidden charm pentaquarks are constructed as loosely bound states of charmed and anticharmed hadrons. Calculations show that molecular pentaquarks decay predominantly into states with open charm. Strong suppression of the molecular pentaquark decays into states with hidden charm is qualitatively explained by a relatively large size of the molecular pentaquark. The decay pattern of hadrocharmonium pentaquarks that are interpreted as loosely bound states of excited charmonium $ψ'$ and nucleons is quite different. This time dominate decays into states with hidden charm, but suppression of the decays with charm exchange is weaker than in the respective molecular case. The weaker suppression is explained by a larger binding energy and respectively smaller size of the hadrocharmonium pentaquarks. These results combined with the experimental data on partial decay widths could allow to figure out which of the two theoretical scenarios for pentaquarks (if either) is chosen by nature.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures; v2: minor editorial changes, version published in Phys. Rev. D
A class of two-dimensional AKLT models with a gap
Creators: name: Abdul-Rahman, Houssam
name: Lemm, Marius
name: Lucia, Angelo
name: Nachtergaele, Bruno
name: Young, Amanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B10, 82B20

description: The AKLT spin chain is the prototypical example of a frustration-free quantum spin system with a spectral gap above its ground state. Affleck, Kennedy, Lieb, and Tasaki also conjectured that the two-dimensional version of their model on the hexagonal lattice exhibits a spectral gap. In this paper, we introduce a family of variants of the two-dimensional AKLT model depending on a positive integer $n$, which is defined by decorating the edges of the hexagonal lattice with one-dimensional AKLT spin chains of length $n$. We prove that these decorated models are gapped for all $n \geq 3$.
description: various corrections, version accepted for publication in Contemporary Mathematics (AMS)
Measure of the potential valleys of the supermembrane theory
Creators: name: Boulton, L.
name: del Moral, M. P. Garcia
name: Restuccia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the measure of the regularized matrix model of the supersymmetric potential valleys, $Ω$, of the Hamiltonian of non zero modes of supermembrane theory. This is the same as the Hamiltonian of the BFSS matrix model. We find sufficient conditions for this measure to be finite, in terms the spacetime dimension. For $SU(2)$ we show that the measure of $Ω$ is finite for the regularized supermembrane matrix model when the transverse dimensions in the light cone gauge $\mathrm{D}\geq 5$. This covers the important case of seven and eleven dimensional supermembrane theories, and implies the compact embedding of the Sobolev space $H^{1,2}(Ω)$ onto $L^2(Ω)$. The latter is a main step towards the confirmation of the existence and uniqueness of ground state solutions of the outer Dirichlet problem for the Hamiltonian of the $SU(N)$ regularized $\mathrm{D}=11$ supermembrane, and might eventually allow patching with the inner solutions.
description: Latex, 11 pages, reference added
Damaeidae Berlese 1896
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Damaeidae

description: Family: Damaeidae Berlese, 1896   Belba paracorynopus Bulanova-Zakhvatkina, 1962
 Distribution in Georgia: Village Chiora, litter from mixed forest with Fagus orientalis and Taxus baccata, N42.75822 ˚ E43.56074 ˚, 1750 m a.s.l. Two individuals, coll. N. Todria, 20 Aug. 2016 (Miko et al. 2017).
 Global Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic
 Ecology: Forest litter/soils
 Coronabelba unicornis Kolesnikov & Miko, 2022
 Distribution in Georgia: Tkvarcheli, beech/laurel/cherry forest, N42.862778° E 41.770833°, 550m a.s.l., two individuals, coll. I. Turbanov, 20 March 2021 (Kolesnikov & Miko 2022).
 Global distribution: Caucasus
 Ecology: Forest soils
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
W + 1 jet to W + 0 jet Ratio at the Tevatron: A Hint of New Physics?
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Raychaudhuri, Sreerup
name: Sridhar, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the reported disagreement between the measured ratio, R_{10}, of the W + 1 jet cross-section to the W + 0 jet cross-section at the Tevatron and the Standard Model (SM) prediction, as the effect of interactions mediated by a colour-octet analogue of the W-boson, the W_8. The presence of a W_8 with mass O(300) GeV, and with couplings to quarks and gluons of the order of electroweak strength, allows the observations of the D0 collaboration to be reproduced quite accurately. Such an interaction is not in contradiction with the present CDF data on W+ W- or dijet production, though higher luminosities may reveal measurable effects.
description: 11 pages LaTeX and 3 postscript figures
Utilization of local raw materials and mine waste to manufacture cement in Northwest Territories, Canada
Creators: Guangping Huang, Jian Zhao, Gideon Lambiv Dzemua, Scott Cairns, Philippe Normandeau, Wei Victor Liu
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Currently, all the cement consumed in Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada, is imported from other provinces (e.g., Alberta) by long-distance (~ 1,800 km) truck freight. Transporting cement over long distances not only raises its cost, but also results in a higher carbon footprint. Locally producing cement is a potential low-carbon and economic solution for the local industry. However, it is unknown if the local raw materials are suitable for cement manufacturing; and there is a lack of a critical raw material—Iron ore—for cement manufacturing. Instead of iron ore, there are iron-rich tailings from a local rare earth element (REE) mine. Towards low-carbon and circular economy, this study explored the use of local raw materials (i.e., limestone, clay, and gypsum) and mine waste (REE tailings) to manufacture cement in the NWT and successfully produced the first bag of cement in the history of the NWT. The results showed that concrete samples made with NWT cement achieved comparable strength of commercial OPC-based concrete. An emission estimation suggested that locally producing cement in the NWT has the potential to reduce 3.0% - 61.7% of CO2 emissions when compared with importing cement from other provinces.
Cepheidae Berlese 1896
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Scyphozoa
Rhizostomeae
Cepheidae

description: Family: Cepheidae Berlese, 1896   Remark: Cepheidae Berlese, 1896, the commonly used name for this oribatid mite family, is a junior homonym of Cepheidae Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria). A proposal to establish a replacement name for Cepheidae Berlese has been submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (Halliday & Norton 2019).
 Tritegeus bisulcatus Grandjean, 1953 *
 Distribution in Georgia: Village Chiora. Mixed forest with Fagus orientalis and Taxus baccata. N42.758222 ˚ E43.560744 ˚ 1750 m a.s.l. One individual, coll. N. Todria, 20 Aug. 2016.
 Global distribution: Palaearctic
 Ecology: Forest soils
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
The Artinian Berger Conjecture
Creators: name: Cortiñas, Guillermo
name: Geller, Susan C.
name: Weibel, Charles A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an Artinian version of Berger's Conjecture for curves, concerning the module of Kähler differentials of an algebra. Our version implies Berger's Conjecture in characteristic 0. We establish our Artinian Berger Conjecture in a number of cases, and prove that Berger's Conjecture holds for curve singularities whose conductor ideal contains the cube of a maximal ideal.
Relationships between dilemma strength and fixation properties in coevolutionary games
Creators: name: Richter, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whether or not cooperation is favored over defection in evolutionary games can be assigned by structure coefficients for any arrangement of cooperators and defectors on any network modeled as a regular graph. We study how these structure coefficients relate to a scaling of dilemma strength in social dilemma games. It is shown that some graphs permit certain arrangements of cooperators and defectors to possess particularly large structure coefficients. Moreover, these large coefficients imply particularly large sections of a bounded parameter plane spanned by scaling gamble-intending and risk-averting dilemma strength.
Additional file 4 of FunMappOne: a tool to hierarchically organize and visually navigate functional gene annotations in multiple experiments
Creators: name: Scala, Giovanni
name: Serra, Angela
name: Marwah, Veer
name: Saarimäki, Laura
name: Greco, Dario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Level 1,2,3 Reactome and Gene Ontology (BP, CC, MF) maps for the proposed case study. Reactome maps have been produced by providing “Additional file 1” as input and choosing “Reactome” enrichment, annotation was performed using “Bonferroni” as multiple testing correction method with “0.001” as significance threshold. Three classes of Gene Ontology maps have been produced by providing “Additional file 1” as input and choosing “GO” and alternatively “BP”, “CC” or “MF” enrichment, annotation was performed using “Bonferroni” as multiple testing correction method with “0.001” as significance threshold. In both cases, for the plotting “median” was chosen as summary statistics and map colors were associated to the summarized each term modification direction by choosing the sign option. (PDF 3044 kb)
`Composite particles' and the eigenstates of Calogero-Sutherland and Ruijsenaars-Schneider
Creators: name: Bergère, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a one-to-one correspondance between the ''composite particles'' with $N$ particles and the Young tableaux with at most $N$ rows. We apply this correspondance to the models of Calogero-Sutherland and Ruijsenaars-Schneider and we obtain a momentum space representation of the ''composite particles'' in terms of creation operators attached to the Young tableaux. Using the technique of bosonisation, we obtain a position space representation of the ''composite particles'' in terms of products of vertex operators. In the special case where the ''composite particles'' are bosons and if we add one extra quasiparticle or quasihole, we construct the ground state wave functions corresponding to the Jain series $ν=p/(2np\pm 1) $ of the fractional quantum Hall effect.
description: latex calcomp2.tex, 5 files, 30 pages [SPhT-T99/080], submitted to J. Math. Phys
Computers and turbulence
Creators: name: Jimenez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper briefly reviews the influence that the rapid evolution of computer power in the last decades has had on turbulence research. It is argued that it can be divided into three stages. In the earliest (`heroic') one, simulations were expensive and could at most be considered as substitutes for experiments. Later, as computers grew faster and some meaningful simulations could be performed overnight, it became practical to use them as (`routine') as tools to provide answers to specific theoretical questions. More recently, some turbulence simulations have become trivial, able to run in minutes, and it is possible to think of computers as `Monte Carlo' theory machines, which can be used to systematically pose a wide range of `random' theoretical questions, only to later evaluate which of them are interesting or useful. Although apparently wasteful, it is argued that this procedure has the advantage of being reasonably independence of received wisdom, and thus more able than human researchers to scape established paradigms. The rate of growth of computer power ensures that the interval between consecutive stages is about fifteen years. Rather than offering conclusions, the purpose of the paper is to stimulate discussion on whether machine- and human-generated theories can be considered comparable concepts, and on how the challenges and opportunities created by our new computer `colleagues' can be made to fit into the traditional research process.
Additional file 1: of Real world preventative drug management of migraine among Spanish neurologists
Creators: name: D. GarcĂ­A-Azorin
name: S. Santos-Lasaosa
name: A. Gago-Veiga
name: J. Viguera Romero
name: A. Guerrero-Peral
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. First and second choices in chronic Migraine. Number represent percentage or the total responses. Table S2. First and second choices in episodic migraine without Aura. Numberrepresentspercentage of total responses. Table S3. First and second choices in episodic migraine with Aura. Numbers represents percentage of total responses. Table S4. Perception about efficacy of the different drugs in the treatment of chronic migraine. Numbers represent percentage of the answers. Table S5. Perception about efficacy of the different drugs in the treatment of episodic migraine. Numbers represent percentage of the answers. Table S6. Answers about the drugs considered as the best tolerated and second best tolerated. (DOCX 68 kb)
Astegistidae Balogh 1961
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Astegistidae

description: Family: Astegistidae Balogh, 1961   Cultroribula lata Aoki, 1961 * (Fig. 2)
 Distribution in Georgia: Village Mandaeti, N42.174774 ˚ E43.328157 ˚ home garden. 34 individuals, coll. L. Mumladze. 26 Oct. 2021.
 Global distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental, Australian
 Ecology: Forest soils
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Coherent driving \emph{versus} decoherent dissipation in double inner-shell ionizations of neon atoms by attosecond pulses
Creators: name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Li, Yongqiang
name: Yuan, Jianmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange correlation plays an important role in double-ionization of complex atoms by ultrashort laser pulse. In this work, we investigate two-photon double inner-shell electron ionization of neon induced by an attosecond extreme ultraviolent pulse in the framework of the quantum master equation. Our simulations reveal a distinct non-sequential effect via broadened double peaks, as a result of energy sharing between the two ionized electrons. When dissipation is included to show the interplay of coherence and decoherence, the two-photon double-ionization scaling law breaks down. We further study the total cross section of $2s^2$ double ionization as a function of photon energy in both $non$-$sequential$ and $sequential$ regions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted by Phys. Rev. A