cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On weakly turbulent instability of anti-de Sitter space
Creators: name: Bizoń, Piotr
name: Rostworowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the nonlinear evolution of a weakly perturbed anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime by solving numerically the four-dimensional spherically symmetric Einstein-massless-scalar field equations with negative cosmological constant. Our results suggest that AdS spacetime is unstable under arbitrarily small generic perturbations. We conjecture that this instability is triggered by a resonant mode mixing which gives rise to diffusion of energy from low to high frequencies.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Oops, in the previous versions the values of parameters of initial data and horizon radii were given by mistake in units used by us in numerical simulations $\ell=2/\pi$, instead of $\ell=1$. This mistake in Eq.(9) is corrected and the vertical axis in Fig.1 is rescaled accordingly
Smart Dimming Sunglasses for Photophobia Using Spatial Light Modulator
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaodan
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Uchiyama, Hideaki
name: Isoyama, Naoya
name: Sakata, Nobuchika
name: Kiyokawa, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a smart sunglasses system engineered to assist individuals experiencing photophobia, particularly those highly sensitive to light intensity. The system integrates a high dynamic range (HDR) camera and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) to dynamically regulate light, adapting to environmental scenes by modifying pixel transmittance through a specialized control algorithm, thereby offering adaptable light management to meet the users' visual needs. Nonetheless, a conventional occlusion mask on the SLM, intended to block incoming light, emerges blurred and insufficient due to a misaligned focal plane. To address the challenge of imprecise light filtering, we introduce an optimization algorithm that meticulously adjusts the light attenuation process, effectively diminishing excessive brightness in targeted areas without adversely impacting regions with acceptable levels of luminance.
Model-Driven Quantum Federated Learning (QFL)
Creators: name: Moin, Armin
name: Badii, Atta
name: Challenger, Moharram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, several studies have proposed frameworks for Quantum Federated Learning (QFL). For instance, the Google TensorFlow Quantum (TFQ) and TensorFlow Federated (TFF) libraries have been deployed for realizing QFL. However, developers, in the main, are not as yet familiar with Quantum Computing (QC) libraries and frameworks. A Domain-Specific Modeling Language (DSML) that provides an abstraction layer over the underlying QC and Federated Learning (FL) libraries would be beneficial. This could enable practitioners to carry out software development and data science tasks efficiently while deploying the state of the art in Quantum Machine Learning (QML). In this position paper, we propose extending existing domain-specific Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) tools for Machine Learning (ML) enabled systems, such as MontiAnna, ML-Quadrat, and GreyCat, to support QFL.
description: Quantum Programming (QP) 2023 Workshop, Programming 2023, Tokyo, Japan
Boundary operators in minimal Liouville gravity and matrix models
Creators: name: Bourgine, Jean-Emile
name: Ishiki, Goro
name: Rim, Chaiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the matrix boundaries of the one matrix model (1MM) recently constructed by two of the authors as an outcome of a relation among FZZT branes. In the double scaling limit, the 1MM is described by the (2,2p+1) minimal Liouville gravity. These matrix operators are shown to create a boundary with matter boundary conditions given by the Cardy states. We also demonstrate a recursion relation among the matrix disc correlator with two different boundaries. This construction is then extended to the two matrix model and the disc correlator with two boundaries is compared with the Liouville boundary two point functions. In addition, the realization within the matrix model of several symmetries among FZZT branes is discussed.
description: 26 pages
Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits
Creators: name: Hendry, Alexandra
name: Jones, Emily J. H.
name: Bedford, Rachael
name: Andersson Konke, Linn
name: Begum Ali, Jannath
name: Bӧlte, Sven
name: Brocki, Karin C.
name: Demurie, Ellen
name: Johnson, Mark
name: Pijl, Mirjam K. J.
name: Roeyers, Herbert
name: Charman, Tony
name: Achermann, Sheila
name: Agyapong, Mary
name: Astenvald, Rebecka
name: Axelson, Lisa
name: Bazelmans, Tessel
name: Blommers, Karlijn
name: Bontinck, Chloè
name: Van Den Boomen, Carlijn
name: Boterberg, Sofie
name: Braukmann, Ricarda
name: De Bruijn, Yvette
name: Bruyneel, Eva
name: Buitelaar, Jan K.
name: Dafner, Leila
name: Darki, Fahime
name: Davies, Kim
name: Ersoy, Mutluhan
name: Falck-Ytter, Terje
name: Fernandes, Janice
name: Freeman, Zoë
name: Gliga, Teea
name: Gredebäck, Gustaf
name: Greensmith, Marian
name: Haartsen, Rianne
name: Van Ierland-Veerhoek, Sanne
name: De Jonge, Maretha V.
name: Kalwarowsky, Sarah
name: Kemner, Chantal
name: Kolesnik, Anna
name: De Korte, Manon
name: Lundin-Kleberg, Johan
name: Munsters, Nicolette M.
name: Nyström, Pär
name: Pasco, Greg
name: Pirazzoli, Laura
name: Ristolainen, Johanna
name: Stadin, Andrietta
name: Taylor, Chloë
name: Thorup, Emilia
name: Vaz, Natalie
name: Vinkenvleugel, Loes
name: Ward, Emma
name: Warreyn, Petra
name: Van Wielink, Lilli N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Paper
Autism
ADHD
Attention
Atypical development
Infant
Intermediate phenotype

description: Funder: H2020 European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
description: Funder: Research Foundation Flanders
description: Funder: Universiteit Gent; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004385
description: Funder: Marguerite-Marie Delacroix
description: Funder: Autistica; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011706
description: Funder: Riksbankens Jubileumsfond; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004472; Grant(s): NHS14-1802:1
description: Funder: K.F. Hein Fonds
description: Funder: Scott Family Junior Research Fellowship
description: Abstract: Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals’ mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7–9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years.
Methods for Evaluating Transprotation Investment Montreal Airport Study - Ste. Scholastique
Creators: name: Beinhaker, P.
name: Elek, A.
name: Beinhaker, P.
name: Elek, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 12th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 18-20, 1971, Philadelphia, PA
Measurement-Based Control for Minimizing Energy Functions in Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Clausen, Henrik Glavind
name: Rahman, Salahuddin Abdul
name: Karabacak, Özkan
name: Wisniewski, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In variational quantum algorithms (VQAs), the most common objective is to find the minimum energy eigenstate of a given energy Hamiltonian. In this paper, we consider the general problem of finding a sufficient control Hamiltonian structure that, under a given feedback control law, ensures convergence to the minimum energy eigenstate of a given energy function. By including quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements in the loop, convergence to a pure state can be ensured from an arbitrary mixed initial state. Based on existing results on strict control Lyapunov functions, we formulate a semidefinite optimization problem, whose solution defines a non-unique control Hamiltonian, which is sufficient to ensure almost sure convergence to the minimum energy eigenstate under the given feedback law and the action of QND measurements. A numerical example is provided to showcase the proposed methodology.
description: Accepted for IFAC 2023 - 22nd World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control
Mutational scanning of metallo-β-lactamases to probe functional determinants, selection pressure dependence and homolog incompatibilities
Creators: name: Chen, John Zhongshi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Enzymes known as metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are a major source of bacterial resistance against β-lactams, one of the most widely used classes of clinical antibiotics. MBLs degrade almost all classes of β-lactams with high efficacy, and can be transmitted on plasmids. Detailed understanding of MBLs in terms of their sequence-function relationships can be beneficial in the design of new antibiotics or inhibitors, understanding how mutations affect MBL function can help understand and predict their evolution, and give general knowledge on how mutations could be leveraged in protein engineering. Although there are numerous detailed studies of MBLs, our knowledge is limited to a handful of residues in a small number of sequences. A recently developed method known as deep mutational scanning (DMS) can enable us to construct comprehensive sequence-function maps of proteins. Using DMS, we comprehensively explored the sequence-function relationship of 2 representative MBL homologs, NDM-1 and VIM-2. The DMS data revealed the key functional requirements of the MBLs, including those on activity, stability and substrate specificity. Furthermore, DMS conducted across different antibiotic concentrations allows us to explore the concentration dependence of sequence-function relationships. Finally, comparisons between NDM-1 and VIM-2 datasets revealed prevalent epistasis, with further analysis highlighting the structural trends and interactions that underlie such observations.
The study of physical properties of spray dried whey and milk permeates lactose
Creators: name: Žolnere, K.
name: Ciproviča, I.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: lactose
milk permeate
whey permeate
glass transition
mutarotation
article

description: The aim of this study was to investigate substrate and environment effect on the physical state of lactose crystals, their stability and behaviour comparing with pure lactose which traditionally used in an analysis. Sweet and acid whey permeate as well as milk permeate were analysed. Mini spray-drier (BÜCHI B-290, Labortechnik AG, Switzerland) was used for the study. Lactose optical rotation was measured with a polarimeter, structural characteristic was carried out by X-ray diffractometer and glass transition analyses was made by TGA/DSC. α-Lactose monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was used as a control. All spray-dried permeates samples showed amorphous state lactose crystals. The DSC analysis demonstrated a glass transition in the interval of 85–95 °C, melting 202–204 °C for spray-dried permeates lactose. In turn, the control sample showed crystallization at 158 ± 0.5 °C and a melting peak at 226 ± 0.5 °C. Optical rotation of spray-dried lactose obtained from sweet and acid whey permeate and milk permeate was in the range from 18 to 28°, control sample 52°. The study results showed that substrate, sample pH, ingredients and their derivatives impact lactose glass transition and mutarotation. The current study highlights the essential physical properties of spray-dried permeates lactose and the importance of its purity in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
A systematic approach to exploring the role of primary sector in the development of Estonian bioeconomy
Creators: name: Mõtte, Mati
name: Lillemets, Jüri
name: Värnik, Rando
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: bioeconomy
primary sector
biomass production
regional development
innovation
article

description: The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic overview of biomass production and the use of biomass for the production of key products, as well as to map businesses operating in the field of bioeconomy in Estonia. The importance of primary sector in Estonian economy has decreased over the last decade. At the same time, the competitiveness of primary sector has increased, which will, in the future, contribute towards a stable production of biomass. Therefore, bioeconomy and respective business models are some of the key ways of coping with climate change. Innovative ways to transform the use of natural resources in a conscious manner are being mapped in Estonia as well as in other member states of the European Union. Comprehending the current use of biomass is essential for finding new sustainable management solutions. Acknowledging these aspects, the study explores biomass production in Estonia. One of the aspects observed during the period 2014–2017 is the proportion of the primary sector in total gross value added and the use of biomass in the food and feed industry. The results of the paper are presented in the form of Sankey diagrams, which illustrate noteworthy connections.
Classification of regular subalgebras of injective type III factors
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a complete classification for regular subalgebras $B \subset M$ of injective factors satisfying a natural relative commutant condition. We show that such subalgebras are classified by their associated amenable discrete measured groupoid $\mathcal{G}= \mathcal{G}_{B \subset M}$ and the action $\text{mod}(α)$ of $\mathcal{G}$ on the flow of weights induced by the cocycle action $(α,u)$ of $\mathcal{G}$ on $B$. We obtain a similar result for triple inclusions $A \subset B \subset M$ where $M$ is an injective factor, $A$ is a Cartan subalgebra of $M$, and $B \subset M$ is regular, showing that such inclusions are also classified by their associated groupoid $\mathcal{G} = \mathcal{G}_{B \subset M}$ and the induced action on the flow of weights. Given such a discrete measured amenable groupoid $\mathcal{G}$, we also construct a model action of $\mathcal{G}$ on a field of Cartan inclusions with prescribed action on the associated field of flows.
description: v3: minor changes, 39 pages, final version: to appear in International Journal of Mathematics
Adaptative Step Size Selection for Homotopy Methods to Solve Polynomial Equations
Creators: name: Dedieu, Jean-Pierre
name: Malajovich, Gregorio
name: Shub, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 65H10, 65H20. Secondary 58C35

description: Given a C^1 path of systems of homogeneous polynomial equations f_t, t in [a,b] and an approximation x_a to a zero zeta_a of the initial system f_a, we show how to adaptively choose the step size for a Newton based homotopy method so that we approximate the lifted path (f_t,zeta_t) in the space of (problems, solutions) pairs. The total number of Newton iterations is bounded in terms of the length of the lifted path in the condition metric.
Entropy production limits all fluctuation oscillations
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oscillation of fluctuation with two state observables is investigated. Following the idea of Ohga, et al. [arXiv:2303.13116], we find that the fluctuation oscillation relative to their autocorrelations is bounded from above by the entropy production per characteristic maximum oscillation time. Our result applies to a variety of systems including Langevin systems, chemical reaction systems, and macroscopic systems. In addition, our bound consists of experimentally tractable quantities, which enables us to examine our inequality experimentally.
description: 5 pafes, 3 figures
Dynamical localization transition of string breaking in quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Verdel, Roberto
name: Zhu, Guo-Yi
name: Heyl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fission of a string connecting two charges is an astounding phenomenon in confining gauge theories. The dynamics of this process have been studied intensively in recent years, with plenty of numerical results yielding a dichotomy: the confining string can decay relatively fast or persist up to extremely long times. Here, we put forward a dynamical localization transition as the mechanism underlying this dichotomy. To this end, we derive an effective string breaking description in the light-meson sector of a confined spin chain and show that the problem can be regarded as a dynamical localization transition in Fock space. Fast and suppressed string breaking dynamics are identified with delocalized and localized behavior, respectively. We then provide a further reduction of the dynamical string breaking problem onto a quantum impurity model, where the string is represented as an "impurity" immersed in a meson bath. It is shown that this model features a localization-delocalization transition, giving a general and simple physical basis to understand the qualitatively distinct string breaking regimes. These findings are directly relevant for a wider class of confining lattice models in any dimension and could be realized on present-day Rydberg quantum simulators.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Coulomb excitation of 73Ga
Creators: name: Diriken, J.
name: Stefanescu, I.
name: Balabanski, D.
name: Blasi, N.
name: Blazhev, A.
name: Bree, N.
name: Cederkäll, J.
name: Cocolios, T. E.
name: Davinson, T.
name: Eberth, J.
name: Ekström, A.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Fedosseev, V. N.
name: Fraile, L. M.
name: Franchoo, S.
name: Georgiev, G.
name: Gladnishki, K.
name: Huyse, M.
name: Ivanov, O. V.
name: Ivanov, V. S.
name: Iwanicki, J.
name: Jolie, J.
name: Konstantinopoulos, T.
name: Kröll, Th.
name: Krücken, R.
name: Köster, U.
name: Lagoyannis, A.
name: Bianco, G. Lo
name: Maierbeck, P.
name: Marsh, B. A.
name: Napiorkowski, P.
name: Patronis, N.
name: Pauwels, D.
name: Reiter, P.
name: Seliverstov, M.
name: Sletten, G.
name: Van de Walle, J.
name: Van Duppen, P.
name: Voulot, D.
name: Walters, W. B.
name: Warr, N.
name: Wenander, F.
name: Wrzosek, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The B(E2; Ii -> If) values for transitions in 71Ga and 73Ga were deduced from a Coulomb excitation experiment at the safe energy of 2.95 MeV/nucleon using post-accelerated beams of 71,73Ga at the REX-ISOLDE on-line isotope mass separator facility. The emitted gamma rays were detected by the MINIBALL-detector array and B(E2; Ii->If) values were obtained from the yields normalized to the known strength of the 2+ -> 0+ transition in the 120Sn target. The comparison of these new results with the data of less neutron-rich gallium isotopes shows a shift of the E2 collectivity towards lower excitation energy when adding neutrons beyond N = 40. This supports conclusions from previous studies of the gallium isotopes which indicated a structural change in this isotopical chain between N = 40 and N = 42. Combined with recent measurements from collinear laser spectroscopy showing a 1/2- spin and parity for the ground state, the extracted results revealed evidence for a 1/2-; 3/2- doublet near the ground state in 73 31Ga42 differing by at most 0.8 keV in energy.
Diffusion Probabilistic Model Based Accurate and High-Degree-of-Freedom Metasurface Inverse Design
Creators: name: Zhang, Zezhou
name: Yang, Chuanchuan
name: Qin, Yifeng
name: Feng, Hao
name: Feng, Jiqiang
name: Li, Hongbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional meta-atom designs rely heavily on researchers' prior knowledge and trial-and-error searches using full-wave simulations, resulting in time-consuming and inefficient processes. Inverse design methods based on optimization algorithms, such as evolutionary algorithms, and topological optimizations, have been introduced to design metamaterials. However, none of these algorithms are general enough to fulfill multi-objective tasks. Recently, deep learning methods represented by Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been applied to inverse design of metamaterials, which can directly generate high-degree-of-freedom meta-atoms based on S-parameter requirements. However, the adversarial training process of GANs makes the network unstable and results in high modeling costs. This paper proposes a novel metamaterial inverse design method based on the diffusion probability theory. By learning the Markov process that transforms the original structure into a Gaussian distribution, the proposed method can gradually remove the noise starting from the Gaussian distribution and generate new high-degree-of-freedom meta-atoms that meet S-parameter conditions, which avoids the model instability introduced by the adversarial training process of GANs and ensures more accurate and high-quality generation results. Experiments have proven that our method is superior to representative methods of GANs in terms of model convergence speed, generation accuracy, and quality.
Remarks on non-gaussian fluctuations of the inflaton and constancy of ζoutside the horizon
Creators: name: Mahajan, Namit
name: Rangarajan, Raghavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the non-gaussianity arising from cubic self interactions of the inflaton field is proportional to ξN_e where ξ~ V"' and N_e is the number of e-foldings from horizon exit till the end of inflation. For scales of interest N_e = 60, and for models of inflation such as new inflation, natural inflation and running mass inflation ξis large compared to the slow roll parameter ε~ V'^{2}. Therefore the contribution from self interactions should not be outrightly ignored while retaining other terms in the non-gaussianity parameter f_{NL}. But the N_e dependent term seems to imply the growth of non-gaussianities outside the horizon. Therefore we briefly discuss the issue of the constancy of correlations of the curvature perturbation ζoutside the horizon. We then calculate the 3-point function of the inflaton fluctuations using the canonical formalism and further obtain the 3-point function of ζ_k. We find that the N_e dependent contribution to f_{NL} from self interactions of the inflaton field is cancelled by contributions from other terms associated with non-linearities in cosmological perturbation theory.
description: 16 pages, Minor changes, matches the published version. v3: Minor typo corrected
The instrumental polarization of the Nasmyth focus polarimetric differential imager NAOS/CONICA (NACO) at the VLT - Implications for time-resolved polarimetric measurements of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Witzel, G.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Buchholz, R. M.
name: Zamaninasab, M.
name: Lenzen, R.
name: Schödel, R.
name: Araujo, C.
name: Sabha, N.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Karas, V.
name: Straubmeier, C.
name: Muzic, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of calibrating and simulating the instrumental polarization properties of the ESO VLT adaptive optics camera system NAOS/CONICA (NACO) in the Ks-band. We use the Stokes/Mueller formalism for metallic reflections to describe the instrumental polarization. The model is compared to standard-star observations and time-resolved observations of bright sources in the Galactic center. We find the instrumental polarization to be highly dependent on the pointing position of the telescope and about 4% at maximum. We report a polarization angle offset of 13.28° due to a position angle offset of the half-wave plate that affects the calibration of NACO data taken before autumn 2009. With the new model of the instrumental polarization of NACO it is possible to measure the polarization with an accuracy of 1% in polarization degree. The uncertainty of the polarization angle is < 5° for polarization degrees > 4%. For highly sampled polarimetric time series we find that the improved understanding of the polarization properties gives results that are fully consistent with the previously used method to derive the polarization. The small difference between the derived and the previously employed polarization calibration is well within the statistical uncertainties of the measurements, and for Sgr A* they do not affect the results from our relativistic modeling of the accretion process.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables, accepted by A&A on 2010 October 11
Understanding decolonial learning in the climate justice movement : a decolonial feminist autoethnography
Creators: name: Kluttz, Jenalee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In 2016 I took to the streets with thousands of others to march in opposition to the proposed Trans Mountain oil pipeline, a project intended to carry bitumen from the Alberta Tar Sands to the west coast of Canada. The pipeline has been met with sustained opposition from climate and environmental justice activists, as well as Indigenous communities fighting the project on the basis of Indigenous rights and sovereignty. Not long after becoming involved, I began to think about the social movement as a pedagogical space. As climate and environmental justice activists work with Indigenous communities in opposition to the fossil fuel industry, what are we learning? Specifically, what are activists and organizers learning about colonization and decolonization? Is decolonial learning taking place in Indigenous led opposition to the fossil fuel industry? If so, how? My research explores the decolonial learning that is taking place as climate justice activists work in solidarity with Indigenous communities. As a white, non-Indigenous woman, I used decolonial feminist theory to position myself in relation to the project. From this theoretical grounding, I relied on critical autoethnographic methods. The result is a critical autoethnographic story — a weaving of my own experience with the experiences of other activists and organizers as we learn to decolonize mind-spirit-body in and through social action with Indigenous communities. The narrative begins with an introduction to the movement and an invitation into a community where learning is taking place. It then explores decolonial learning — a process of unsettling ourselves in order to understand the historic and continued colonization of both Indigenous peoples and the Earth. Decolonial learning is a messy process of unlearning colonial habits of mind, body and spirit and replacing coloniality with new ways of thinking, feeling, being and doing. When we have begun to do the work of decolonial learning, we can better show up in decolonizing solidarity, a rich place to learn decolonial alternatives. Ultimately, this autoethnography tells the story of both my own and other activists’ experiences as we begin to unlearn coloniality, learn to imagine decolonial futures, and more importantly how to act toward them.
A Simple Likelihood Method for Quasar Target Selection
Creators: name: Kirkpatrick, Jessica A.
name: Schlegel, David J.
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Sheldon, Erin S.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Weaver, Benjamin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for quasar target selection using photometric fluxes and a Bayesian probabilistic approach. For our purposes we target quasars using Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry to a magnitude limit of g=22. The efficiency and completeness of this technique is measured using the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data, taken in 2010. This technique was used for the uniformly selected (CORE) sample of targets in BOSS year one spectroscopy to be realized in the 9th SDSS data release. When targeting at a density of 40 objects per sq-deg (the BOSS quasar targeting density) the efficiency of this technique in recovering z>2.2 quasars is 40%. The completeness compared to all quasars identified in BOSS data is 65%. This paper also describes possible extensions and improvements for this technique
description: Updated to accepted version for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 10 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Most appropriate measures for reducing ammonia emissions in Latvia’s pig and poultry housing
Creators: name: Priekulis, J.
name: Melece, L.
name: Laurs, A.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: ammonia
abatement measures
survey
housing
article

description: New goals of ammonia emissions reduction for each of EU Member State, including Latvia, were approved by the EU Directive 2016/2284/EU ‘on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants’. Agriculture sector, particularly livestock farming, is the main source of these emissions. Besides, the implementation of modern or intensive animal rearing/breeding technologies causes the increase of emissions in Latvia. Therefore, more effective ammonia abatement measures or techniques should be chosen for implementation in Latvia to reach the objectives. The description and benefits of such measures are provided in the guidelines and recommendations developed and approved by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the European Commission. However, all of these recommendations are not applicable in Latvia. Therefore, the aim of research was to find most appropriate ammonia emissions abatement measures for pig and poultry farming in Latvia. The study was focused on the intensive pig and poultry farming, particularly animal housing. Evaluation or assessment of most appropriate ammonia emissions’ reduction measures was conducted using an expert method. The results of the study indicate that it is possible to ensure reduction of ammonia emissions by comparatively simple and less expensive options that could be more or less easy implemented (e.g. ensuring cleanness in the livestock building, periodical removal of manure, covering of poultry litter or solid manure stockpiles with plastic sheeting, etc.). Even more effective reduction of ammonia emissions can be achieved by implementation of measures, which require significant investments, as well as additional operating costs.
The Dynamical Environment of Dawn at Vesta
Creators: name: Tricarico, Pasquale
name: Sykes, Mark V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dawn is the first NASA mission to operate in the vicinity of the two most massive asteroids in the main belt, Ceres and Vesta. This double-rendezvous mission is enabled by the use of low-thrust solar electric propulsion. Dawn will arrive at Vesta in 2011 and will operate in its vicinity for approximately one year. Vesta's mass and non-spherical shape, coupled with its rotational period, presents very interesting challenges to a spacecraft that depends principally upon low-thrust propulsion for trajectory-changing maneuvers. The details of Vesta's high-order gravitational terms will not be determined until after Dawn's arrival at Vesta, but it is clear that their effect on Dawn operations creates the most complex operational environment for a NASA mission to date. Gravitational perturbations give rise to oscillations in Dawn's orbital radius, and it is found that trapping of the spacecraft is possible near the 1:1 resonance between Dawn's orbital period and Vesta's rotational period, located approximately between 520 and 580 km orbital radius.This resonant trapping can be escaped by thrusting at the appropriate orbital phase. Having passed through the 1:1 resonance, gravitational perturbations ultimately limit the minimum radius for low-altitude operations to about 400 km,in order to safely prevent surface impact. The lowest practical orbit is desirable in order to maximize signal-to-noise and spatial resolution of the Gamma-Ray and Neutron Detector and to provide the highest spatial resolution observations by Dawn's Framing Camera and Visible InfraRed mapping spectrometer. Dawn dynamical behavior is modeled in the context of a wide range of Vesta gravity models. Many of these models are distinguishable during Dawn's High Altitude Mapping Orbit and the remainder are resolved during Dawn's Low Altitude Mapping Orbit, providing insight into Vesta's interior structure.
description: Corrected normalization coefficients; updated table text and references
Effects of drip irrigation on the yield of strawberry plants grown under arable conditions
Creators: name: Nowakowski, T.
name: Chlebowski, J.
name: Grzybowska, G.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: strawberry
drip irrigation
fruit crop
article

description: The study investigated the effects of drip irrigation on the yield of ‘Honeoye’ strawberry plants for commercial purposes grown under arable conditions throughout the harvest season. The plants were irrigated at irregular intervals depending on natural precipitation. Crop yields and fruit parameters (diameter, length, individual weight, count per plant) were compared on several harvest dates. Statistical analysis has shown that irrigation has a significant impact on yield and fruit parameters. The irrigated plants yielded more strawberries, which also had a larger diameter, length, and individual weight.
השפעת תיוג בחמלה על פעולות אלטרואיסטיות
Creators: name: Philos, Ron
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: מסמך הרשמה מראש למחקר במסגרת קורס פסיכולוגיה ניסויית באוניברסיטת תל אביב.
Radial Mixing in Galactic Disks: The Effects of Disk Structure and Satellite Bombardment
Creators: name: Bird, Jonathan C.
name: Kazantzidis, Stelios
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a suite of numerical simulations to investigate the mechanisms and effects of radial migration of stars in disk galaxies like the Milky Way (MW). An isolated, collisionless stellar disk with a MW-like scale-height shows only the radial "blurring" expected from epicyclic orbits. Reducing the disk thickness or adding gas to the disk substantially increases the level of radial migration, induced by interaction with transient spiral arms and/or a central bar. We also examine collisionless disks subjected to gravitational perturbations from a cosmologically motivated satellite accretion history. In the perturbed disk that best reproduces the observed properties of the MW, 20% of stars that end up in the solar annulus 7 kpc < R < 9 kpc started at R < 6 kpc, and 7% started at R > 10 kpc. This level of migration would add considerable dispersion to the age-metallicity relation of solar neighborhood stars. In the isolated disk models, the probability of migration traces the disk's radial mass profile, but in perturbed disks migration occurs preferentially at large radii, where the disk is more weakly bound. The orbital dynamics of migrating particles are also different in isolated and perturbed disks: satellite perturbations drive particles to lower angular momentum for a given change in radius. Thus, satellite perturbations appear to be a distinct mechanism for inducing radial migration, which can operate in concert with migration induced by bars and spiral structure. We investigate correlations between changes in radius and changes in orbital circularity or vertical energy, identifying signatures that might be used to test models and distinguish radial migration mechanisms in chemo-dynamical surveys of the MW disk.
description: Full resolution paper available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~bird/bkw11_fullres.pdf . 13 pages, 12 figures; emulate MNRAS format. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cryogenic payloads for the Einstein Telescope -- Baseline design with heat extraction, suspension thermal noise modelling and sensitivity analyses
Creators: name: Koroveshi, Xhesika
name: Busch, Lennard
name: Majorana, Ettore
name: Puppo, Paola
name: Rapagnani, Piero
name: Ricci, Fulvio
name: Ruggi, Paolo
name: Grohmann, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third generation gravitational wave detector that includes a room-temperature high-frequency (ET-HF) and a cryogenic low-frequency laser interferometer (ET-LF). The cryogenic ET-LF is crucial for exploiting the full scientific potential of ET. We present a new baseline design for the cryogenic payload that is thermally and mechanically consistent and compatible with the design sensitivity curve of ET. The design includes two options for the heat extraction from the marionette, based on a monocrystalline high-conductivity marionette suspension fiber and a thin-wall titanium tube filled with static He-II, respectively. Following a detailed description of the design options and the suspension thermal noise (STN) modelling, we present the sensitivity curves of the two baseline designs, discuss the influence of various design parameters on the sensitivity of ET-LF and conclude with an outlook to future R&D activities.
description: 20 pages, v2 includes minor corrections and additional clarifications for a wider audience. Accepted in PRD
Effect of high pressure processing on raw pork microstructure and water holding capacity
Creators: name: Sazonova, S.
name: Gramatina, I.
name: Klava, D.
name: Galoburda, R.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: high pressure processing
histology
expressible water
pork
article

description: High pressure processing (HPP) is widely used as an alternative to thermal food preservation technologies, including processed meats treatment. This technology affects food texture and water-holding capacity, which may have beneficial effect on product yield. After thermal treatment, meat partially releases water together with water-soluble proteins, which is concerned as a loss. It is very important not only because of changes in taste properties, but also economic aspects such as reduced final product weight. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the meat microstructure and water-holding capacity upon high pressure treatment. Pork samples were treated at various pressures and holding times, namely, 300 and 600 MPa with a 1 and 15 minutes holding time at each pressure. Untreated sample was regarded as a control. Microstructure of pork meat was evaluated after the paraffination of the samples. Fibre cross section area and space between fibres were measured and reported. Water-holding capacity was measured by centrifugation of meat samples over filter and calculating released amount of juice. Results indicated that fibre size did not change significantly after treatment at 300–600 MPa pressure comparing to the control sample – untreated meat. However, high pressure can affect hydrophobic properties of myofibrillar protein. The experimental results showed that waterholding capacity increases with the high pressure treatment. It is an important issue in meat processing industry, because HPP treatment allows reducing the water loss in fresh pork.
Semiconjugacies Between Relatively Hyperbolic Boundaries
Creators: name: Das, Shubhabrata
name: Mj, Mahan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 20F32

description: We prove the existence of Cannon-Thurston maps for Kleinian groups corresponding to pared manifolds whose boundary is incompressible away from cusps. We also describe the structure of these maps in terms of ending laminations.
description: v2 16 pgs, no figs. Final version. To appear in Groups, Geometry and Dynamics
Electric-field-induced formation and annihilation of skyrmions in two-dimensional magnet
Creators: name: Pang, Jingman
name: Wang, Hongjia
name: Tang, Yufei
name: Zhang, Yun
name: Bellaiche, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric manipulation of skyrmions in 2D magnetic materials has garnered significant attention due to the potential in energy-efficient spintronic devices. In this work, using first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we report the electric-field-tunable magnetic skyrmions in MnIn2Te4 monolayer. By adjusting the magnetic parameters, including the Heisenberg exchange interaction, DMI, and MAE, through applying an electric field, the formation or annihilation of skyrmions can be achieved. Our work suggests a platform for experimental realization of the electric-field-tunable magnetic skyrmions in 2D magnets.
The Axelrod model for the dissemination of culture revisited
Creators: name: Lanchier, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is concerned with the Axelrod model, a stochastic process which similarly to the voter model includes social influence, but unlike the voter model also accounts for homophily. Each vertex of the network of interactions is characterized by a set of $F$ cultural features, each of which can assume $q$ states. Pairs of adjacent vertices interact at a rate proportional to the number of features they share, which results in the interacting pair having one more cultural feature in common. The Axelrod model has been extensively studied during the past ten years, based on numerical simulations and simple mean-field treatments, while there is a total lack of analytical results for the spatial model itself. Simulation results for the one-dimensional system led physicists to formulate the following conjectures. When the number of features $F$ and the number of states $q$ both equal two, or when the number of features exceeds the number of states, the system converges to a monocultural equilibrium in the sense that the number of cultural domains rescaled by the population size converges to zero as the population goes to infinity. In contrast, when the number of states exceeds the number of features, the system freezes in a highly fragmented configuration in which the ultimate number of cultural domains scales like the population size. In this article, we prove analytically for the one-dimensional system convergence to a monocultural equilibrium in terms of clustering when $F=q=2$, as well as fixation to a highly fragmented configuration when the number of states is sufficiently larger than the number of features. Our first result also implies clustering of the one-dimensional constrained voter model.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP790 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Statistics of gamma-ray point sources below the Fermi detection limit
Creators: name: Malyshev, Dmitry
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytic relation between the statistics of photons in pixels and the number counts of multi-photon point sources is used to constrain the distribution of gamma-ray point sources below the Fermi detection limit at energies above 1 GeV and at latitudes below and above 30 degrees. The derived source-count distribution is consistent with the distribution found by the Fermi collaboration based on the first Fermi point source catalogue. In particular, we find that the contribution of resolved and unresolved active galactic nuclei (AGN) to the total gamma-ray flux is below 20% - 25%. In the best fit model, the AGN-like point source fraction is 17% +- 2%. Using the fact that the Galactic emission varies across the sky while the extra-galactic diffuse emission is isotropic, we put a lower limit of 51% on Galactic diffuse emission and an upper limit of 32% on the contribution from extra-galactic weak sources, such as star-forming galaxies. Possible systematic uncertainties are discussed.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; v2: clarifications and references added, v3: more detailed presentation of the method