cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Foreign Trade and the Distribution of Income in Thailand
Creators: name: Kim, Kwan
name: Vorasopontaviporn, Pornpen
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper makes an empirical investigation of the structures of employment and earnings associated with possible alternative trade strategies for Thailand. The authors focus on ascertaining who owns the factors of production that would be rewarded by the changes in trade structure under consideration. Their simulation is based on an extended input-output analysis, using Thailand's recent social accounting matrices and household budget surveys, from which they conclude that the employment and income effects of export promotion are about twice as great as those of import substitution and that an outward-looking strategy, moreover, ensures a better utilization of capital. However, export activities lead to the creation of largely low productivity employment; thus, expanding export activities alone is unlikely to raise the average living standard of the poor.
 Resumen
 Este trabajo hace una investigación empírica de las estructuras de empleo e ingresos asociadas con posibles estrategias alternativas de comercio para Tailandia. Los autores enfocan su atención en averiguar quien es dueño de los factores de producción que se recompensarían con los cambios estructurales considerados. La simulación de los autores está basada en un análisis extensivo de insumo-producto, usando recientes encuestas de las matrices de contabilidad sociales y de presupuesto familiar en Tailandia, de las cuales se concluye que el empleo y los bienes de ingreso de la promoción de exportación son el doble de los de substitución de importación y que, más aún, una estrategia con vistas al exterior, asegura una mejor utilización del capital. Sin embargo, las actividades de exportación llevan generalmente a la creación de empleo de baja productividad, de modo que el hecho de expander las actividades de exportación por si solo, no es probable que aumente las condiciones medianas de vida de los pobres.
Schulhaus in Dürnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1890
Subjects: Dürnten

description: Anonyme/r Fotograf/in
description: Bildtitel gemäss handschriftlichem Vermerk auf der Rückseite des Kartons
description: Auf der Rückseite des Kartons handschriftliche Notiz mit schwarzer Tinte: "c/"
description: Identifikation einer der verschiedenen Firmen Künzli nicht möglich
description: Aus dem Archiv der Firmen Künzli, Zürich (1883-1966, wechselnde Geschäftsnamen) Exemplar der Zentralbibliothek Zürich, Graphische Sammlung und Fotoarchiv
Amynthas hupeiensis
Creators: name: Blakemore, Robert J.
name: Lee, Seunghan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Crassiclitellata
Megascolecidae
Amynthas
Amynthas hupeiensis

description: 6. Amynthas hupeiensis (Michaelsen, 1895)
 Material. Specimens collected from Jungang Park, 26 th April but returned to the earth there.
 Remarks. This is a distinctive and fairly common cosmopolitan species already well known from Korea (e.g. Kobayashi, 1938: 152) thus not unexpected in Busan.
description: Published as part of Blakemore, Robert J. & Lee, Seunghan, 2013, Survey of Busan Oligochaeta earthworms supported by DNA barcodes, pp. 127-144 in Journal of Species Research 2 (2) on page 132, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2013.2.2.127, http://zenodo.org/record/13144587
[Frau von Oeynhausen]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1820

description: Halbfigur einer jungen Frau im Profil nach links, mit weisser Haube und einem braunen Mantel im Empirestil
description: Unbezeichnet, nicht signiert, vermutlich die Gattin von Freiherr Karl (August Ludwig) von Oeynhausen, Bergbeamter, Geologe (1795-1865)
title: Katalog der mittelalterlichen deutschen Handschriften des Zisterzienserstiftes Heiligenkreuz
Creators: name: Jackel, Christina
Year: 2011

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine Bestandsaufnahme der Überlieferung deutscher mittelalterlicher Texte in der Stiftsbibliothek Heiligenkreuz in Niederösterreich dar. Handschriften, die ausschließlich oder zumindest zu einem überwiegenden Teil deutsche Texte überliefern, wurden in Katalogisaten erschlossen, wobei die Erschließungstiefe sich an den ‚Richtlinen zur Handschriftenkatalogisierung’, die in den 70er Jahren von der Kommission für Schrift und Buchwesen des Mittelalters der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften herausgegeben wurden, orientiert. In einem zweiten Teil wurden lateinisch-deutsche Mischhandschriften behandelt. Die deutschen Texte wurden erfasst und beschrieben und in der Handschrift verortet. Die Beschreibung der einzelnen Merkmale von Handschriften wurde in diesem Kapitel, mit Ausnahme der genaueren Analyse des Beschreibstoffs, nicht auf den gesamten Kodex, sondern nur auf die deutschen Texte angewandt. Ein dritter Teil dieser Arbeit widmet sich schließlich den deutschen Fragmenten. Die darauf befindlichen Texte wurden ebenfalls erfasst und eingeordnet und unter allen relevanten Kriterien beschrieben. Dem Katalogteil vorangestellt sind eine kurze Aufarbeitung der Heiligenkreuzer Bibliotheksgeschichte sowie einige Überlegungen zur volkssprachlichen Überlieferung im Zisterzienserorden und hier natürlich insbesondere in Heiligenkreuz.
¿Pobreza = Frustración = Violencia? Crítica empírica a un mito recurrente
Creators: name: Tironi, Eugenio
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper examines the hypothesis that there is a positive association between poverty and the predisposition towards collective violence. The author presents the results of a survey carried out in 1988 among marginal and middle-class sectors in Santiago, Chile, with indices of "orientation towards violence," "frustration," "adaptation/resignation," and "coercion." The survey results tend to contradict the hypothesis. The urban poor of Santiago do not show a greater orientation towards violence than the middle class: on the contrary, they show a marked predisposition towards resignation, with the exception of a small group that shares a particular political socialization. Moreover, the results show that the marginal urban sectors are more affected by state coercion than by socioeconomic frustration, which also contradicts the hypothesis that poverty produces attitudes and demands directed towards purely economic ends. This leads to the conclusion that it is wrong to think of urban marginal sectors as a group with explosive demands, capable of destabilizing the transition to democracy in Chile, since they have a much greater interest in democracy than is often supposed.
 Resumen
 El propósito de este paper es someter a prueba la hipótesis según la cual hay una asociación positiva entre la condición de pobreza y la predisposición hacia la violencia colectiva. Para esto se presentan los resultados de un survey efectuado en 1988 en sectores marginales y en sectores medios de Santiago (Chile), con índices de "orientación a la violencía," "frustración," "adaptación/resignación" y "coerción." Esta información contradice la hipótesis mencionada, pues los pobres urbanos de Santiago no muestran una orientación a la violencia superior a la de los grupos medios; en cambio, manifiestan una marcada predisposición a la resignación, a excepción de un pequeño núcleo que comparte una particular socialización politica. Al mismo tiempo la información indica que los marginales urbanos son más sensibles a los efectos de la coerción estatal que a los efectos de la frustración socio-económica, lo que contradice tambien la hipótesis segun la cual la pobreza produciría actitudes y demandas orientadas por fines puramente económicos. Esto lleva a concluir que no hay razones para imaginar a los marginales urbanos como un grupo con demandas explosivas, capaces de desestabilizar la transición a la democracia en Chile, pues estan mucho más interesados en ella de lo que muchas veces se supone.
Brief an Johann I Bernoulli
Creators: name: Mairan, Jean Jacques de
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1723
Subjects: Dufay, Charles-François de Cisternai1698-1739
Pajot d'Onsenbray, Louis Léon1678-1753

description: von Jean Jacques Dortous de Mairan
description: Rückseite der Adressseite leer. Auf der Adresse eigenhändiger Vermerk von Joh. I B. "Reçu le 19. Xbre 1723"
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.03.2015
Brief an Johann I Bernoulli
Creators: name: Mairan, Jean Jacques de
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1724
Subjects: Amontons, Guillaume1663-1705
Cassini, Jacques1677-1756
Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de1657-1757
Hartsoeker, Nicolas1656-1725
Mencke, Johann Burkhard1674-1732
Pajot d'Onsenbray, Louis Léon1678-1753

description: von Jean Jacques Dortous de Mairan
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.03.2015
[Wappenscheiben Neuenburg, Freiburg, Bern, Schweiz]
Creators: name: Röttinger, Georg
name: Glasmaleratelier Röttinger
Publisher: name: [Glasmalerei-Werkstatt Röttinger]
Year: 1908
Subjects: Schildhalter
Wappenschild
Schweiz

description: Es handelt sich um vier Einzelmotive: Entwürfe für die Wappenscheiben Neuenburg, Freiburg, Bern und Schweiz
description: [Jakob Georg Röttinger]
description: Der Entwurf stammt aus der Zürcher Glasmalerei-Werkstatt Röttinger
description: Signatur re. unten "GR. 22.XI.08"
description: Aus dem Nachlass der Familie Röttinger Exemplar der Zentralbibliothek Zürich, Graphische Sammlung und Fotoarchiv
Capitalist Development and Democracy in South America
Creators: name: Huber Stephens, Evelyne
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This study analyzes the emergence and decline of democracy in all ten major South American countries over the full course of the period since independence. It uses the comparative historical method and a theoretical framework that integrates structural variables with political institutions, looking at the interaction in their effects rather than assigning primacy to one or the other. It distinguishes between restricted and full democracies, the latter being characterized by fully institutionalized contestation and universal inclusion. The central substantive suggestions are that without structural conditions that allowed the organization of effective mass pressure, full democracy was unlikely to emerge, and without effective institutional protection of elite interests in the context of institutionalized contestation and inclusion of non-elite sectors, democracy did not survive. The variables that shaped the trajectory of democracy are the process of consolidation of state power, the nature of a country's integration into the world market (foreign controlled mineral versus nationally controlled agrarian export sectors), the labor requirements of agriculture, the degree of subsidiary industrialization generated by the export sector, the class alliances to which these economic and social structures give rise, the role of the state in shaping civil society, and the nature of political party systems.
 Resumen
 Este trabajo analiza el surgimiento y el declive de la democracia en los diez países principales de Sudamérica desde la época de la Independencia. Se emplea una metodología histórica comparativa y un armazón teórico que integra las variables estructurales y las instituciones políticas, viendo la interacción en sus efectos en vez de asignar primacía a uno u otro. El estudio distingue entre democracias restringidas y democracias en pleno, siendo estas últimas caracterizadas por la contestación totalmente institucionalizada y por la inclusión universal. Las sugerencias centrales de sustancia son que sin las condiciones estructurales que permiten la organización de una presión de masas efectiva, era difícil que surgiera la democracia plena, y que sin la protección institucional efectiva de los intereses de las élites en el contexto de la contestación institucionalizada y la inclusión de sectores no elitistas, la democracia no sobrevivía. Las variables que dieron forma a la trayectoria de la democracia son el proceso de consolidación del poder estatal, la naturaleza de la integración de un país dentro del mercado mundial (exportaciones de minerales por extranjeros versus exportaciones agrícolas nacionales), los requerimientos de mano de obra en la agricultura, el grado de industrialización subsidiaria generada por el sector de exportación, las alianzas de clase producidas por estas estructuras económicas y sociales, el papel del estado en la formación de la sociedad civil, y el carácter de los sistemas de partidos políticos.
Situaciones: Micro-Escenas de la privatización de lo público en São Paulo
Creators: name: O'Donnell, Guillermo
name: DaMatta, Roberto
name: Valenzuela, J.Samuel
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: In his micro-scenes, Guillermo O'Donnell recounts several incidents drawn from daily life to show that there is a generalized tendency to appropriate public spaces for private use in Brazil. This obviously leads to a collective loss. In the final analysis, O'Donnell argues that Brazil faces a "gigantic prisoner's dilemma." In his commentary, Roberto DaMatta indicates that the phe-nomenon is reversed according to positions in the social hierarchy. Thus, the private appropriation of public spaces is greater the higher an individual or group's social position, while those situated on the bottom rungs of the hierarchy suffer the appropriation of their private spaces by state officials. Samuel Valenzuela adds that the micro-scenes show the lack of a clear separation between public and private that results from the weakness of individual and collective rights in the Latin American social fabric. O'Donnell thinks that there may be some relationship-although he is not sure how to establish it-between the problems revealed by his micro-scenes and the difficulties of creating and sustaining a democratic regime. DaMatta and Valenzuela agree.
 Resumen
 En sus micro-escenas, Guillermo O'Donnell relata incidentes de la vida diaria en Brasil que muestran que existe en ese país una generalizada tendencia a apropiar lo público para usos privados, con lo cual la colectividad obviamente pierde. En el fondo, Brasil enfrenta "un gigantesco dilema del prisionero". En su comentario, Roberto DaMatta acota que el fenómeno se invierte según sea el lugar que se ocupe en la jerarquía social: la apropiación de lo público para fines privados es mayor mientras más alto se esté, en tanto que quienes ocupan los escalafones más bajos sufren la apropiación de su espacio privado por agentes del Estado. Y en el suyo, Samuel Valenzuela señala que las micro-escenas muestran que la falta de una separación clara entre lo público y lo privado deriva de la escasa implantación de la noción de derechos individuales y colectivos en el tejido social latinoamericano. O'Donnell piensa que alguna relación hay-aunque no está seguro de cómo establecerla-entre los problemas revelados por sus micro-escenas y las dificultades en crear y sostener un régimen democrático. DaMatta y Valenzuela concuerdan.
title: Das Alltagsleben nach einer schweren septischen Erkrankung
Creators: name: Burgmann, Karin
Year: 2011

description: Patienten, die eine schwere Sepsis überleben, können eine auf den Gesundheitszustand bezogene reduzierte Lebensqualität aufweisen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die veränderte Lebensqualität von Patienten und mögliche Einschränkungen nach überstandener schwerer Sepsis klar darzustellen und eine Informationsbedarfserhebung durchzuführen. Es wurden insgesamt fünf qualitative Interviews und 44 Fragebögen quantitativ mittels standardisiertem Lebensqualitätsfragebogen EQ-5D deskriptiv ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Interviews zeigen einen veränderten Alltag, der mit Einschränkungen im täglichen Leben einhergeht. Dieses Ergebnis konnte mittels der Auswertung des EQ-5D bestätigt werden. 47,1% der Patienten haben Probleme, alltäglichen Tätigkeiten nachzugehen. 41,2% geben an, einige Probleme betreffend Mobilität zu haben. Die schwere Sepsis verändert den weiteren Alltag und die Lebensqualität nach Spitalsentlassung.
description: Patients who survived a severe sepsis may experience a reduced quality of life after hospital discharge. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the change in quality of life of patients with severe sepsis. Moreover, data were collected to provide information for future patient information brochures. Health related quality of life was assessed using the five-dimensional EuroQol (EQ-5D) questionnaire. In addition to this five qualitative interviews were conducted. The results of the qualitative interviews show remarkable limitations in daily life. These results were confirmed by the analysis of the EQ-5D. 47.1% of the patients have problems in everyday activities. 41.2% say they have some problems concerning mobility. In conclusion patients surviving a severe sepsis are confronted with a change in quality of life.
Orosius viraktamathi El-Sonbati & Wilson & Al Dhafer 2019, sp. n.
Creators: name: El-Sonbati, Saad A.
name: Wilson, Michael R.
name: Al Dhafer, Hathal M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Orosius
Orosius viraktamathi

description: Orosius viraktamathi El-Sonbati & Wilson sp. n.
(Figs 13–20, 30–32, 42–44, 54–56)
Description. In addition to generic characters, the specific characters for this species are
Body length: 2.5–2.6 mm
Male genitalia: Pygofer marked pointed with slightly curved posteriorly, with irregular setae over posterior half (Fig. 44); valve is free to pygofer, triangular shape, articulation of valve with pygofer pointed (Fig. 55); subgenital plate with one row of macrosetae near margin, with stout membranous finger-like process on mesal edge of posterior margin (Fig. 43); style bent small fingerlike with preapical lobe, apex inflated (Fig. 42); connective articulated with aedeagus, Y shape (Fig. 32); anal tube appendages articulated to posterodorsal margin of pygofer laterally, form end like spine, long and narrowed arising from base of anal tube (Fig. 54); aedeagal shafts arising from base, Shafts branches extent with slightly diverging, apices of branches slightly curved outward, lateral view, shafts abruptly narrowed preapically, branches length 3 times the base, with pointed apex (Figs 30–31).
Female genitalia: female 7th sternite approximately 3 times as broad at base as long medially, with sinuous posterior margin, posterior margin with lobe with median V-shape notch in middle (Fig. 56); numerous macrosetae on pygofer.
Holotype: ♂ KSA: C. 116km S. Dawasir: 20°14'10.2"N 44°49'11.6"E, 4-5. II. 1978, R. Linnavuori (AMNH),
Paratypes: 1♂ 3♀, same locality as Holotype. (AMNH); 3♂ 8♀ Oman: Al-Dakheliah Gov., Samail, Al-Afiah, 23°04'56.5"N 57°49'10.2"E, 22. XI. 2017, A. Al-Subhi; 2♂, same but 10–15. II. 2015; 1♂, same but W. Beni Rawaha, 23°05'43.0"N 57°49'15.0"E, 12. III. 2015, A. Al-Subhi.
Ecology and biology. This species was collected from wadi Al-Dawasir by Linnavuori in February. Later collected from Oman in November and March (Fig. 62). No further more information is known.
Diagnosis: O. viraktamthi sp. n. can be distinguished from other Orosius by: pygofer, aedeagus and spine at base of anal tube. pygofer significantly pointed and slightly curved posteriorly (Fig. 44); shafts of aedeagus abruptly narrower preapically (Figs 30–31); spine at base of anal tube moderately long and slightly regularly curved (Fig. 54).
Etymology. This species is named in recognition of the long and distinguished career of Prof. Chandra Viraktamath, Bangalore, India.
description: Published as part of El-Sonbati, Saad A., Wilson, Michael R. & Al Dhafer, Hathal M., 2019, Revision of the leafhopper genus Orosius Distant, 1918 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini) in the Arabian Peninsula with the description of a new species, pp. 37-48 in Zootaxa 4565 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2589609
Popular Movements in the Context of the Consolidation of Democracy
Creators: name: Corrêa Leite Cardoso, Ruth
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper addresses the role of popular movements in the consolidation of democracy in Brazil in the context of traditional clientelism. The author stresses the need to change the political culture and create space for the assertion of full citizenship rights. She examines the process of negotiation among the movements, political parties, and the state apparatus, and the conflicts that arise, with the aim of reaching an understanding of how new sociopolitical identities are forged. In order to survive, community groups must both act pragmatically, making use of their most effective contacts, and at the same time adopt an ideological stance that affirms their autonomy. Moreover, while the groups all emerged from a common experience of exclusion, there is considerable diversity in both their negotiating strategies and their specific objectives. Despite these tensions, the author concludes that when space for participation opens, changes in the balance of power do occur and a degree of popular autonomy becomes possible. Without corresponding institutional changes, however, the changes occur haphazardly and the autonomy gained remains vulnerable and precarious.
 Resumo
 Este trabalho discute o papel dos movimentos populares na consolidação da democracia no Brasil, no contexto do clientelismo tradicional. A autora realça a necessidade tanto de mudança da cultura política quanto de criação do espaço para a afirmação de plena cidadania. Ela examina, também, o processo de negociação entre os diversos movimentos populares, os partidos políticos, o aparato estatal, bem como os conflitos que emergem em tal negociação, com o objetivo de alcançar uma compreensão da maneira pela qual as novas identidades sócio-políticas são forjadas. A fim de sobreviverem, grupos comunitários precisam tanto agir pragmaticamente quanto adotar uma postura ideológica capaz de afirmar sua autonomia. Conquanto todos os grupos tenham emergido de uma experiência comum de exclusão, eles apresentam considerável diversidade, tanto nas estratégias de negociação quanto em seus objetivos específicos. A despeito dessas tensões, a autora conclui que quando se abre o espaço para a participação, mudanças ocorrem que alteram o equilíbrio do poder, e torna possível certo grau de autonomia popular. Face à ausência de correspondentes mudanças institucionais, contudo, as mudanças efetuadas pelos movimentos populares somente ocorrem casualmente e a autonomia alcançada permanece vulnerável e precária.
Armascirus Den Heyer 1978
Creators: name: Kalúz, Stanislav
name: Starý, Josef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Cunaxidae
Armascirus

description: Genus Armascirus Den Heyer, 1978
Generic diagnosis. Dorsum of palpal basifemur (Den Heyer 1978) with a simple seta; palpal telofemur armed with a spine–like dorsal seta; apophysis present on palpal genu; female palp with a median spine–like apophysis on palpal telofemur, which is lacking in males. Dorsal propodosoma with plates, dorsal chaetotaxy includes two pairs of fine setose sensillae (vi and sce), with posterior pair (sce) longest, six pairs of tactile setae in dorso–central and three pairs of dorso–lateral series. Anal region with a pair of anal setae and two pairs of para–anal setae. Proximal sensory complex on dorsal aspect of tarsus I with famulus (fam). Chaetotaxy of telofemora I–IV include 4–4 4–4 sts, respectively and chaetotaxy of coxal plates I–IV 3–1 (or 2 in ♀) or 2 (resp. 1 in ♂)–3–3 sts, respectively. More details on generic features of Armascirus are shown in Skvarla & Dowling (2011) and Skvarla et al. (2014).
description: Published as part of Kalúz, Stanislav & Starý, Josef, 2018, Two new species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Madagascar, pp. 549-562 in Zootaxa 4378 (4) on page 550, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1171646
Stronismo, Post-Stronismo, and the Prospects for Democratization in Paraguay
Creators: name: Abente Brun, Diego
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper examines the possibilities for the emergence of a situation that would favor a transition to democracy in Paraguay. The author analyzes the historical development of relevant factors, both structural-demographic changes, transformations in the social structure, and international realignments-and contingent-redefinition of space for the opposition, the decay of stronismo and the difficulty of reproducing it-and evaluates the implications of these changes. The overall conclusion is that the changes in the socioeconomic and geopolitical matrix tend to favor a democratic outcome, but it is unlikely that these alone could bring about a political transformation. Nevertheless, when contingent factors are also taken into account, particularly the nature of the last phase of stronismo and the beginning of post-stronismo, there are indications that Paraguay is entering a crucial stage that opens up a range of possibilities for liberalization and democratization.
 Resumen
 Este estudio examina las posibilidades de surgimiento de una situación susceptible de generar una transición a un sistema competitivo y participativo en el Paraguay. A fin de determinar las posibilidades de surgimiento de tal coyuntura democratizante, el trabajo analiza la evolución de una gama de factores estructurales (cambios demográficos, transformaciones en la estructura social, y realineamientos internacionales) y contingentes (la redefinición del espacio opositor, la descomposición del stronismo, y la dificultad de reproducirlo) y evalua sus implicaciones. La conclusión general es que a pesar de que las transformaciones en la matriz socioeconómica y geopolítica favorecen una salida democrática, es improbable que ellas de por si desencaden un cambio político. No obstante, dichas transformaciones en conjunción con factores contingentes especialmente relacionados con la última fase del stronismo y el inicio del post-stronismo, señalan que el Paraguay comienza a vivir una etapa crucial que abre un abanico de posibilidades para la liberalización y la democratización del país.
Brief an Jean Jacques Dortous de Mairan
Creators: name: Bernoulli, Johann
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1724
Subjects: Delage
Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de1657-1757
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm1646-1716
Louville, Jacques Eugène d'Allonville de1671-1732
Maraldi, Giacomo Filipo1665-1729
Nicole, François1683-1758
Pajot d'Onsenbray, Louis Léon1678-1753
Réaumur, René Antoine Ferchault de1683-1757
Saulmon, Nicolas-1724
Saurin, Joseph1655-1737

description: von Johann I Bernoulli
description: Am Briefkopf eigenhändig "à M. de Mairan"
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.03.2015
Cunaxa Von Heyden 1826
Creators: name: Kalúz, Stanislav
name: Starý, Josef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Cunaxidae
Cunaxa

description: Genus Cunaxa Von Heyden, 1826
Generic diagnosis. Five–segmented pedipalps reach beyond subcapitulum by, at most, distal half of tibiae. Femora with simple dorsolateral setae, telofemora with or without apophysis, palps with or without stout spine-like seta on genua and tibiotarsi. Subcapitulum smooth or patterned (never reticulated) and bears 2 pairs of adoral and 4 pairs of subcapitular setae. Dorsal proterosomal shield complemented with two pairs of sensillae (vi, sce) and two pairs of simple sete (ve, sci). Dorsal hysterosoma with or without shield, setae c1–h1 and c2 present, lateral hysterosomal platelets absent, dorsal shields never reticulated. Setae h2 not visible from dorsal side. Coxae I–II and III–IV on ventral idiosoma may be fused, coxal II–IV setal formula 1–3–2. Genital area with 2 pairs of genital papillae, each genital plate with 4 setae. Anal plates bear 1 pair of setae (ps1). Striated ventral integument between coxae and genital region bears up to 7 pairs of additional setae. Legs with small tarsal lobes, ambulacral claws and 4–rayed empodia. Tibia IV with long slender trichobothrium. More details on generic features of Cunaxa are shown in Skvarla et al. (2014).
description: Published as part of Kalúz, Stanislav & Starý, Josef, 2018, Two new species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Madagascar, pp. 549-562 in Zootaxa 4378 (4) on page 556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1171646
title:  Punire e non punire. Un pendolo storico divenuto sistema
Creators: name: Donini, Massimo
Publisher: name: Roma Tre University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05vf0dg29
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: A dispetto del rifiorire continuo di culture retribuzioniste a livello internazionale, da ultimo le concezioni espressive della pena, e comunque presso l’ opinione pubblica, la legislazione da sempre, dalla metà dell’Ottocento, affianca a momenti punitivisti discipline del non punire. Punire e non punire si alternano come un pendolo attraverso amnistie e provvedimenti clemenziali nella storia d’Italia fino alla prima Repubblica. In seguito, l’accrescersi di molti istituti di “non punibilità” o degradazione sanzionatoria dentro al sistema ordinario ha conosciuto una applicazione non legislativa e automatica, ma affidata a momenti sempre più larghi di discrezionalità giudiziale. Il non punire si è così trasformato da ipotesi di eccezione in costante del sistema al suo stesso interno, perché non si può disciplinare il punire senza la sua riduzione, trasformazione, ed estinzione. È la prova della insufficienza a sé stessa della logica corrispettiva della proporzione retributiva, in chiave di ultima ratio. Il saggio illustra l’importanza di tale dato legislativo per una revisione della teoria della pena, la cui essenza di male aggiunto viene trasformata da istituti generali e costanti di pena agìta e di degradazione sanzionatoria umanistica verso  una riduzione del male complessivo.

In spite of the continuous flourishing of retributionist cultures at an international level, most recently the expressive conceptions of punishment, and in any case of public opinion, legislation has always, since the mid-nineteenth century, placed punitivist moments alongside disciplines of non-punishment. Punishment and non-punishment alternated like a pendulum through amnesties and clemency measures in the history of Italy up to the First Republic. Subsequently, the growth of many institutes of 'non-punishability' or sanctioning degradation within the ordinary system has experienced an application that is not legislative and automatic, but entrusted to increasingly broader moments of judicial discretion. Non-punishment has thus been transformed from hypothesis of exception to constant of the system within itself, because punishment cannot be regulated without its reduction, transformation, and extinction. It is proof of the insufficiency in itself, as a last resort, of the corresponding logic of the retributive proportion. The essay illustrates the importance of this legislative datum for a revision of the theory of punishment whose essence of added evil is transformed by general and constant institutes of acted punishment and humanistic punitive degradation towards a reduction of the overall evil
description: I cardini della modernità penale dai codici Rocco alle stagioni dell’Italia repubblicana
Johann Baptista Innocent Colomba, von Arogno
Creators: name: Schellenberg, Johann Rudolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1774
Subjects: Colombo, Giovanni Battista1638-1700

description: [gezeichnet von Johann Rudolf Schellenberg?]
description: Steht als Vorzeichnung einer Radierung in Zusammenhang mit Füsslis Künstlergeschichte
description: Zuschreibung an Schellenberg auf Grund der Graphik mit Signatur "J. R. Schellenberg fec.", vgl. Brigitte Thanner: Schweizerische Buchillustration im Zeitalter der Aufklärung am Beispiel von Johann Rudolf Schellenberg, Winterthur 1987, Bd. 1, S. 140, Nr. 181
Aporrectodea trapezoides
Creators: name: Blakemore, Robert J.
name: Lee, Seunghan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Crassiclitellata
Lumbricidae
Aporrectodea
Aporrectodea trapezoides

description: 9. Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828)
 Material. NIBR-IV 0000261290, four representative specimens from many collected 26 th April, 2013 on walk from Gwangalli Beach towards Nam-gu.
 Description. Male pores on 15. Clitella 26-34; tubercula pubertates 31-33 continuously.
 Remarks. Abundant locally and previously recorded from Korea (e.g. Kobayashi, 1941: 150).
description: Published as part of Blakemore, Robert J. & Lee, Seunghan, 2013, Survey of Busan Oligochaeta earthworms supported by DNA barcodes, pp. 127-144 in Journal of Species Research 2 (2) on page 134, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2013.2.2.127, http://zenodo.org/record/13144587
Of Victims and Executioners: Argentine State Terror, 1976-1983
Creators: name: Pion-Berlin, David
name: Lopez, George
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 Scholars have found that governments will often terrorize subdued, even compliant populations. Outside of the literature on genocide, little theorizing or empirical testing has been done as to the motivations behind unprovoked governmental violence. This study argues that governments may attack groups whose characteristics seem incongruent with their own ideological agendas. We delineate two major ideologies that guided the Argentine military to perpetrate state terror and gross violations of human rights as standard policy. In national security ideology, the junta found its rationale for the use of unbridled terror against a broad spectrum of the Argentine population. Guided by the hand of a free market ideology, the regime focused its terror on members of collectivities perceived to be irritably obstructive to the achievement of governmental objectives. Together these ideologies provided a motivation for the use of excessive levels of state violence by the regime and the identification of the victims of such violence. A regression analysis of previously undisclosed data on the social characteristics of the Argentine "desaparecidos," coupled with an examination of sectoral legislation, finds that individuals who were affiliated with large collectivities and certain politically powerful and strategically placed unions suffered a greater probability of victimization.
 Resumen
 Estudiosos del campo han encontrado que los gobiernos terrorizarán con frecuencia a las poblaciones sometidas si no sumisas. Aparte de la literatura sobre el genocidio, poca teorización o comprobaciones empíricas se han realizado acerca de los motivos de la violencia gubernamental no provocada. Este estudio arguye que los gobiernos pueden atacar a grupos cuyas características parecen incongruentes con sus propias agendas ideológicas. Nosotros delineamos dos ideologías principales que han guiado al ejército argentino para perpetrar como política normal el terror de estado así como graves violaciones a los derechos humanos. La junta encontró su razonamiento para el uso de terror desenfrenado contra un espectro amplio de la población argentina en la ideología de la seguridad nacional. Guiado por una ideología de mercado libre, el régimen enfocó su terror sobre miembros de colectividades percibidas como irritablemente obstructivas para la realización de los objetivos del gobierno. Juntas, estas ideologías proveyeron la motivación para el uso de niveles excesivos de violencia estatal por el régimen y para la identificación de las víctimas de tal violencia. Un análisis regresivo de información previamente no descubierto sobre las características sociales de los "desaparecidos" de Argentina, emparejado con un exámen de la legislación sectoral, encuentra que los individuos que estaban afiliados con grandes colectividades y en ciertos sindicatos políticamente poderosos y estratégicamente ubicados, sufrieron una mayor probabilidad de victimación.
Experimentalchemie, 1. Teil, Vorlesung von Rudolph Fittig.
Vorlesungsnachschrift, ausgearbeitet von Paul Henri Hoffet
Creators: name: Hoffet, Paul Henri
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1885

description: Nachschrift der Vorlesung, vorgetragen in den Jahren 1885 und 1886 an der Universität Strassburg.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 4 Bl. leer
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Torn Between Authoritarianism and Crisis-Prone Democracy: The Dominican Labor Movement
Creators: name: Espinal, Rosario
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper examines the role of labor in the transition to democracy in the Dominican Republic. The author begins with a brief overview of the problematic status of labor in recent transition studies. Labor has tended to play a secondary role in Latin America's recent transitions, and several factors have been suggested to account for this: the supremacy of powerholders in engineering and directing the transition; the ephemeral nature of popular upsurges against the authoritarian regime; reliance on pacts that undermine popular involvement. The author also emphasizes the general weakness of Latin American labor movements themselves and the pressures of economic conditions adverse to labor. She argues that the weakness of the Dominican labor movement in particular and its limited impact in shaping the new democracy is related to Dominican labor's high degree of dependence on political parties and its "victimization" by intra-party rivalries. Together with low levels of unionization and detrimental economic conditions, this subordination to parties has worked against labor's incorporation into bargaining structures. However, the argument concludes, in the Dominican Republic as elsewhere, even when the labor movement is relatively weak, an unresolved labor question tends to produce a crisis prone democracy.
 Resumen
 Este trabajo analiza el papel que desempeñó la clase trabajadora en la transición a la democracia en la República Dominicana. La autora comienza con una breve consideración general del estado problemático de la clase trabajadora en estudios recientes de la transición. La clase trabajadora ha tendido a jugar un rol secundario en las recientes transiciones en Latinoamérica y ésto se ha atribuído a varios factores: la supremacía de los que sostienen el poder en el planeamiento y la dirección de la transición; la naturaleza efímera de las revueltas populares en contra del régimen autoritario; la dependencia en pactos que desaniman la participación popular. La autora enfatiza también la debilidad general de los movimientos laborales en Latinoamérica y las presiones de las condiciones económicas adversas a las clases populares. La autora arguye que la debilidad del movimiento laboral dominicano en particular y su limitado impacto en la formación de la nueva democracia está relacionado con el alto grado de dependencia de las clases laborales dominicanas en los partidos políticos y su "victimación" por rivalidades entre partidos. Sumado a los bajos niveles de sindicalización y a las condiciones económicas desventajosas, esta subordinación a los partidos ha dificultado la incorporación de la clase trabajadora dentro de las estructuras de negociación. Sin embargo, se concluye que en la República Dominicana como en todas partes una cuestión laboral no resuelta, aún cuando el movimiento laboral es relativamente débil, tiende a producir una democracia propensa a las crisis.
Eisenia fetida
Creators: name: Blakemore, Robert J.
name: Lee, Seunghan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Crassiclitellata
Lumbricidae
Eisenia
Eisenia fetida

description: 10. Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)
 Material. NIBR-IV 0000261291 (DNA sample H6), a mature specimen collected 26 th April, 2013 from Jungang Park beside a walking trail.
 Description. Body has ‘classic’ transversely coloured stripes alternating with pale intersegments; also pale laterally in 8,9-11,12. Clitellum 26-31,32; TP on 28-30.
 Remarks. Part of the species-complex (Fig. 1 and Appendix), agreeing 100% with GenBank sample (FJ214216) from “ Denmark: Svendborg”. Obviously this specimen differs from some Korean samples variously named “ E. fetida ” or “ E. andrei ” - see Blakemore (2013a: 42; 2013b: 64) and recent Mongolian work (Blakemore, 2013c). True identity and status of specimens/taxa remains unclear, requiring further work (Blakemore in prep.).
description: Published as part of Blakemore, Robert J. & Lee, Seunghan, 2013, Survey of Busan Oligochaeta earthworms supported by DNA barcodes, pp. 127-144 in Journal of Species Research 2 (2) on page 134, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2013.2.2.127, http://zenodo.org/record/13144587
Toward an Institutional Analysis of State Socialism
Creators: name: Stark, David
name: Nee, Victor
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 Twenty years of experience with economic reforms in Hungary and a decade of experimentation with reforms in China provide a critical mass of evidence for analyzing the problems endemic to centrally planned economies and the dilemmas faced in efforts to transform them. This paper surveys recent theories of state socialism and argues that the paradigms of totalitarianism and modernization theory are being replaced by a new perspective that changes the focus from ideology and technology to economic institutions and social groups. Whereas the earlier state-centered political sociology of socialist societies was preoccupied with party-state elites, research findings from the new perspective point to the relative autonomy of society as the activities of subordinate social groups place limits on the power of state elites. In reflecting on the Chinese and East European experiences, the paper traces a shift from conceptions of reform as a mix of planning and markets within the state sector to a mix of public and private ownership forms.
 Resumen
 Veinte años de experiencia con reformas económicas en Hungría y una década de experimentación con reformas en China proveen una masa crítica de evidencia para analizar los problemas endémicos de las economías centralizadas y los dilemas confrontados en los esfuerzos por transformarlas. Este trabajo considera las teorías recientes del socialismo de estado y arguye que los paradigmas del totalitarismo y de la teoría de la modernización están siendo reemplazados por una nueva perspectiva que enfatiza las instituciones económicas y los grupos sociales en vez de la tecnología y la ideología. Mientras que la anterior sociología política de las sociedades socialistas estaba preocupada con las elites del partido-estado, investigaciones basadas en la nueva perspectiva indican la relativa autonomía de la sociedad ya que las actividades de grupos sociales subordinados establece los límites sobre el poder de las elites del estado. Al reflexionar sobre las experiencias de China y de Europa del Este, el trabajo traza este cambio de concepciones: ya no la reforma considerada una mezcla de planeamiento y de mercados dentro del sector del estado sino una mezcla de formas de propiedad públicas y privadas.
Brief an Bauhin und Hagenbach
Creators: name: Chabrey, Dominique
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1641

description: von D[ominicus] Chabrey
description: Adresse: Messieurs les Docteurs Bauhin et Hagenbach tres celebres et tres excellents Professeurs et Medecins ...
description: Französisch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.03.2015
The Church and the Abertura in Brazil, 1974-1985
Creators: name: Della Cava, Ralph
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Abstract
 This paper examines the Catholic Church's interaction with Brazilian society from the military coup of 1964 through the years of repression and the long process of the abertura up to the inauguration of the New Republic in 1985. The author emphasizes the changing nature of the Church's role in the abertura, and outlines the history of the "People's Church" during this period, in particular the proliferation of the Comunidades Eclesiais de Base. The concluding section analyzes the turn to a conservative restoration within the Church in relation to the question of the durability of the CEBs.
 Resumo
 Este trabalho examina a iteração da Igreja Católica com a sociedade brasileira desde o golpe militar, passando pelos anos de repressão e pelo longo processo de "abertura", até a inauguração da Nova República em 1985. O autor enfatiza a natureza variável do papel da Igreja na "abertura" e traça um perfil da história da "Igreja do Povo" durante esse periodo e, em particular, da proliferação das Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs). Na conclusão, o autor analisa a restauração conservadora que se dá no interior da Igreja no que diz respeito à continuidade das CEBs.
Owadaglaea dominiki Benedek & Saldaitis, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Benedek, Balázs
name: Borth, Robert
name: Saldaitis, Aidas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Owadaglaea
Owadaglaea dominiki

description: Owadaglaea dominiki Benedek & Saldaitis sp. nov.
(Figs. 6, 21)
Type material. Holotype: male (Fig. 6), Myanmar, West Chun State, Junction Mt. Victoria, 2320 m, 1. ii. 2005, leg. Löffler, in the collection of HSV; (slide No.JB 1644m)
Diagnosis. Owadaglaea dominiki shows a close resemblance to O. triangulifera (Figs. 7, 8, 22, 27), but it can be distinguished externally by the presence of the black postmedian fascia. The male genitalia of O. dominiki differs by the shape of the uncus, corona and harpe, the stronger, thicker ampulla, smaller clavus and the shorter digitus on the left cucullus. The structure of the aedeagus and vesica of the two species is similar, but O. dominiki has a wider, more rounded coecum, a stronger carinal process and differently shaped vesica with larger subbasal diverticulum.
Description. Wingspan 34 mm, length of forewing 15 mm. Proper description is hindered by the rather worn condition of the single holotype specimen. Head, front and thorax dirty grey; ground color of forewings ash-grey; ante-and postmedial fascia shaply marked with black; claviform stigma moderately large, triangular; median fascia a diffuse shadow of black scales; reniform and orbicular discreetly presented; hindwings darker smutty grey. Male genitalia (Fig. 21): Uncus short, narrower at subapical part, distal segment fishtail shaped, hairs slender; tegumen low; juxta large, bell-shaped, with rather strong triangular extension on the ventral side; vinculum strong, fairly narrow, V-shaped; valve moderately elongate; cucullus rather straight with acute, pointed apex; corona presented by a few stronger hairs only at upper half with a small digitus on the left side; sacculus assymetrical, longer and more flat on the right side, extensions short, triangular; clavus conical, standing more close to the vinculum on the left; harpe strong, turned at middle with basal bar equally as long; ampulla narrow, straight, fused with a rather wide, arcuate basis to the harpe; aedeagus turned at last segment, the carinal process a heavily sclerotized ridge on a conical basis; vesica moderately broad with a single, large subbasal diverticulum. Only the male is known.
Bionomics and distribution. The single male holotype was collected at light at intermediate elevations of the primary forest zone. Early stages and the food plant are unknown.
Etymology. The species is dedicated to Mr. Pierdiluca Dominik by the holder of the holotype.
description: Published as part of Benedek, Balázs, Borth, Robert & Saldaitis, Aidas, 2012, Four new Owadaglaea species from the greater Himalayan region (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), pp. 40-49 in Zootaxa 3316 on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.212537