cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computational studies of lipid-small molecule interactions
Creators: name: MacCallum, Justin Laine
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 191-204
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: In this thesis, I will present the results from some of my research over the past five years. I have used powerful computers to study the interactions between small molecules and lipid bilayers. Studying these interactions is the first step towards understanding how the cell membrane is able to fulfill its critical role as a selectively permeable barrier. Using computer simulations I calculate the distributions of a variety of small molecules in simple model membranes. These distributions, along with a variety of other calculations, provide a detailed view of the interactions between small molecules and lipid bilayers. Such calculations provide insight into the fundamental driving forces at work in membrane systems. I present results for a variety of molecules, including hexane, halo thane, and all of the amino acid side chains. In all cases, the results are in good agreement with the available experimental information, and provide a complementary view of partitioning at a level of detail that is not accessible to experiment. Overall, the results reinforce the idea that biological membranes are very fluid, elastic, and deformable structures. These results should also dispel the notion that the membrane can be regarded as a generic low dielectric slab.
Additional file 1 of Challenging suicide, burnout, and depression among veterinary practitioners and students: text mining and topics modelling analysis of the scientific literature
Creators: name: Brscic, Marta
name: Contiero, Barbara
name: Schianchi, Alessandro
name: Marogna, Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
3-dimensional structure of a sheet crumpled into a ball
Creators: name: Cambou, Anne Dominique
name: Menon, Narayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a thin sheet is crushed into a small three-dimensional volume, it invariably forms a structure with a low volume fraction but high resistance to further compression. Being a far-from-equilibrium process, forced crumpling is not necessarily amenable to a statistical description in which the parameters of the initially flat sheet and the final confinement fully specify the resulting crumpled state. Instead, the internal geometry and mechanical properties of the crumpled ball may reflect the history of its preparation. Our X-ray microtomography experiments reveal that the internal 3-dimensional geometry of a crumpled ball is in many respects isotropic and homogeneous. In these respects, crumpling recapitulates other classic nonequilibrium problems such as turbulence, where a system driven by long-wavelength, low-symmetry, forcing shows only rather subtle fingerprints of the forcing mechanism. However, we find local nematic ordering of the sheet into parallel stacks. The layering proceeds radially inwards from the outer surface. The extent of this layering increases with the volume fraction, or degree of compression.
description: Accepted by the PNAS Editorial Board July 16, 2011 (received for review December 20, 2010)
Maximal R-symmetry violating amplitudes in type IIB superstring theory
Creators: name: Boels, Rutger H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On-shell superspace techniques are used to quantify R-symmetry violation in type IIB superstring theory amplitudes in a flat background in ten dimensions. This shows the existence of a particularly simple class of non-vanishing amplitudes in this theory which violate R-symmetry maximally. General properties of the class and some of its extensions are established which at string tree level are shown to determine the first three non-trivial effective field theory contributions to all multiplicity. This leads to a natural conjecture for the exact analytic part of the first two of these.
description: 10 pages. minute modifications, references added
Estimating an Eigenvector by the Power Method with a Random Start
Creators: name: Del Corso, Gianna M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper addresses the problem of approximating an eigenvector belonging to the largest eigenvalue of a symmetric positive definite matrix by the power method. We assume that the starting vector is randomly chosen with uniform distribution over the unit sphere. This paper provides lower and upper as well as asymptotic bounds on the randomized error in the Lp sense, p ∈[1,+ ∞]. We prove that it is impossible to achieve sharp bounds that are independent of the ratio between the two largest eigenvalues. This should be contrasted to the problem of approximating the largest eigenvalue, for which Kuczyński and Woźniakowski [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 13 (1992), pp. 1094--1122] proved that it is possible to bound the randomized error at the kth step with a quantity that depends only on k and on the size of the matrix. We prove that the rate of convergence depends on the ratio of the two largest eigenvalues, on their multiplicities, and on the particular norm. The rate of convergence is at most linear in the ratio of the two largest eigenvalues.
Starbursts and black hole masses in X-shaped radio galaxies: Signatures of a merger event?
Creators: name: Mezcua, M.
name: Chavushyan, V. H.
name: Lobanov, A. P.
name: León-Tavares, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new spectroscopic identifications of 12 X-shaped radio galaxies and use the spectral data to derive starburst histories and masses of the nuclear supermassive black holes in these galaxies. The observations were done with the 2.1-m telescope of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional at San Pedro Mártir, México. The new spectroscopic results extend the sample of X-shaped radio galaxies studied with optical spectroscopy. We show that the combined sample of the X-shaped radio galaxies has statistically higher black-hole masses and older episodes of star formation than a control sample of canonical double-lobed radio sources with similar redshifts and luminosities. The data reveal enhanced star-formation activity in the X-shaped sample on the timescales expected in galactic mergers. We discuss the results obtained in the framework of the merger scenario.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Remotely Keyed CryptoGraphics - Secure Remote Display Access Using (Mostly) Untrusted Hardware - Extended Version
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Baratto, Ricardo A.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Software that covertly monitors user actions, also known as spyware, has become a first-level security threat due to its ubiquity and the difficulty of detecting and removing it. Such software may be inadvertently installed by a user that is casually browsing the web, or may be purposely installed by an attacker or even the owner of a system. This is particularly problematic in the case of utility computing, early manifestations of which are Internet cafes and thin-client computing. Traditional trusted computing approaches offer a partial solution to this by significantly increasing the size of the trusted computing base (TCB) to include the operating system and other software. We examine the problem of protecting a user accessing specific services in such an environment. We focus on secure video broadcasts and remote desktop access when using any convenient, and often untrusted, terminal as two example applications. We posit that, at least for such applications, the TCB can be confined to a suitably modified graphics processing unit (GPU). Specifically, to prevent spyware on untrusted clients from accessing the user's data, we restrict the boundary of trust to the client's GPU by moving image decryption into GPUs. We use the GPU in order to leverage existing capabilities as opposed to designing a new component from scratch. We discuss the applicability of GPU-based decryption in these two sample scenarios and identify the limitations of the current generation of GPUs. We propose straightforward modifications to future GPUs that will allow the realization of the full approach.
Volatility in the knowledge economy
Creators: name: Chichilnisky, Graciela
name: Gorbachev, Olga
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: We seek to explain the economic volatility of the last 6 years, in particular the rapid expansion and contraction of the knowledge sectors. Our hypothesis is that these sectors amplify the business cycle due to their increasing returns to scale, growing faster than others in an upswing and contracting faster in a downswing. To test this hypothesis we postulate a general equilibrium model with two sectors: one with increasing returns that are external to the firm and endogenously determined - the knowledge sector - and the other with constant returns to scale. We introduce a new measure of volatility of output, a 'real beta', and derive a 'resolving' equation, from which we prove that the increasing return sectors exhibit more volatility then other sectors. We validate the main results on US macro economic data of real GDP by industry (2-3 digits SIC codes) of the 1977-2001 period, and provide policy conclusions.
Transformation Ray Method: Controlling High Frequency Elastic Waves
Creators: name: Chang, Zheng
name: Hu, Jin
name: Liu, Xiaoning
name: Hu, Gengkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A transformation method based on elastic ray theory is proposed to control high frequency elastic waves. We show that ray path can be controlled in an exact manner, however energy distribution along the ray is only approximately controlled. A numerical example of an elastic rotator is provided to illustrate the method and to access the approximation. The proposed theory may be found potential applications in seismic wave protection and structure health monitoring.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
What is the complexity of surface integration?
Creators: name: Wozniakowski, Henryk
name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study the worst case complexity of computing ε-approximations of surface integrals. This problem has two sources of partial information: the integrand f and the function g defining the surface. The problem is nonlinear in its dependence on g. Here, f is an r times continuously differentiable scalar function of l variables, and g is an s times continuously differentiable injective function of d variables with l components. We must have d ≤ l and s ≥ 1 for surface integration to be well-defined. Surface integration is related to the classical integration problem for functions of d variables that are min{r,s − 1} times continuously differentiable. This might suggest that the complexity of surface integration should be 2((1/ε)d/ min{r,s−1} ). Indeed, this holds when d < l and s = 1, in which case the surface integration problem has infinite complexity. However, if d ≤ l and s ≥ 2, we prove that the complexity of surface integration is O((1/ε)d/ min{r,s} ). Furthermore, this bound is sharp whenever d < l.
Experience with a Production Compiler Automatically Generated from an Attribute Grammar
Creators: name: Farrow, Rodney
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper relates our experience implementing a production compiler from an attribute grammar. The compiler is Intel Corporation's Pascal-80 compiler. It runs on a microcomputer-based development system without virtual memory. An attribute grammar was written describing semantic analysis, storage allocation, and translation to intermediate code. Attribute evaluation is done in two alternating passes and the program tree is kept in intermediate files on disk. The first version of the compiler was manually implemented from the attribute grammar. Using what was learned from this experience, an automatic attribute evaluator-generator was then written and a new version or the compiler was mechanically created from the attribute grammar. Various techniques for optimizing the evaluator were tried. Their degree or success is reported and they are compared with other ideas from the literature. Complex attribute-values, such as sets, sequences and finite functions, were carefully implemented using applicative data structure in order to conserve memory. The attribute grammar was designed using the principles or data abstraction and information-hiding. The internal organization or many types or attributes is completely hidden from the attribute grammar author and the attribute evaluator. These values are manipulated only by specific out-of-line semantic functions that can be viewed as the operators or an abstract data type for this attribute. This also contributed to an efficient use of memory.
SIMD and MSIMD Variants of the NON-VON Supercomputer
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: Each member of the HOH-VOH family of supercomputers employs massive parallelism to obtain substantial performance improvements in a wide range of applications. The NOH-VON 1 and NOS-VOH 3 machines, which are in various stages of construction at Columbia University, function for the most part as single instruction stream, multiple data stream (SIMD) [2] machines. We have recently begun to design an enhanced version of the machine, called NOH-VON 4, which would be capable of functioning as an ensemble of one or more independent SIHD machines communicating through a high bandwidth interconnection network. This paper reviews the essential architectural features of the HOH-VON family, and highlights the principal differences between NON-VON 4 and its SIHD predecessors.
Funerary altar for Quintus Atilius Severus, duumvir of Catania
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
Determination of $ππ$ scattering lengths from measurement of $π^+π^-$ atom lifetime
Creators: name: Adeva, B.
name: Afanasyev, L.
name: Benayoun, M.
name: Benelli, A.
name: Berka, Z.
name: Brekhovskikh, V.
name: Caragheorgheopol, G.
name: Cechak, T.
name: Chiba, M.
name: Chliapnikov, P. V.
name: Ciocarlan, C.
name: Constantinescu, S.
name: Costantini, S.
name: Curceanu, C.
name: Doskarova, P.
name: Dreossi, D.
name: Drijard, D.
name: Dudarev, A.
name: Ferro-Luzzi, M.
name: Pazos, J. L. Fungueiriño
name: Torreira, M. Gallas
name: Gerndt, J.
name: Gianotti, P.
name: Goldin, D.
name: Gomez, F.
name: Gorin, A.
name: Gorchakov, O.
name: Guaraldo, C.
name: Gugiu, M.
name: Hansroul, M.
name: Hons, Z.
name: Hosek, R.
name: Iliescu, M.
name: Karpukhin, V.
name: Kluson, J.
name: Kobayashi, M.
name: Kokkas, P.
name: Komarov, V.
name: Kruglov, V.
name: Kruglova, L.
name: Kulikov, A.
name: Kuptsov, A.
name: Kuroda, K. I.
name: Lamberto, A.
name: Lanaro, A.
name: Lapshin, V.
name: Lednicky, R.
name: Leruste, P.
name: Sandri, P. Levi
name: Aguera, A. Lopez
name: Lucherini, V.
name: Maki, T.
name: Manuilov, I.
name: Marin, J.
name: Narjoux, J. L.
name: Nemenov, L.
name: Nikitin, M.
name: Pardo, T. Nunez
name: Okada, K.
name: Olchevskii, V.
name: Pazos, A.
name: Pentia, M.
name: Penzo, A.
name: Perreau, J. M.
name: Plo, M.
name: Ponta, T.
name: Rappazzo, G. F.
name: Riazantsev, A.
name: Rodriguez, J. M.
name: Fernandez, A. Rodriguez
name: Vidal, A. Romero
name: Ronjin, V. M.
name: Rykalin, V.
name: Saborido, J.
name: Santamarina, C.
name: Schacher, J.
name: Schuetz, C.
name: Sidorov, A.
name: Smolik, J.
name: Takeutchi, F.
name: Tarasov, A.
name: Tauscher, L.
name: Tobar, M. J.
name: Trojek, T.
name: Trusov, S.
name: Utkin, V.
name: Doce, O. Vázquez
name: Vlachos, S.
name: Voskresenskaya, O.
name: Vrba, T.
name: Willmott, C.
name: Yazkov, V.
name: Yoshimura, Y.
name: Zhabitsky, M.
name: Zrelov, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DIRAC experiment at CERN has achieved a sizeable production of $π^+π^-$ atoms and has significantly improved the precision on its lifetime determination. From a sample of 21227 atomic pairs, a 4% measurement of the S-wave $ππ$ scattering length difference $|a_0-a_2| = (.0.2533^{+0.0080}_{-0.0078}|_\mathrm{stat}.{}^{+0.0078}_{-0.0073}|_\mathrm{syst})M_{π^+}^{-1}$ has been attained, providing an important test of Chiral Perturbation Theory.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Acquisitions, Productivity, and Profitability: Evidence from the Japanese Cotton Spinning Industry
Creators: name: Braguinsky, Serguey
name: Ohyama, Atsushi
name: Okazaki, Tetsuji
name: Syverson, Chad
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Commerce
Management

description: We explore how changes in ownership and managerial control affect the productivity and profitability of producers. Using detailed operational, financial, management, and ownership data from the Japanese cotton spinning industry at the turn of the last century, we find a more nuanced picture than the straightforward “higher productivity buys lower productivity” story commonly appealed to in the literature. Acquired firms’ production facilities were not on average any less physically productive than the plants of the acquiring firms before acquisition, conditional on operating. They were much less profitable, however, due to consistently higher inventory levels and lower capacity utilization—differences which reflected problems in managing the inherent uncertainties of demand in the industry. When these less profitable plants were purchased by more profitable establishments, the acquired plants saw drops in inventories and gains in capacity utilization that raised both their productivity and profitability levels, consistent with acquiring owner/managers spreading their better demand management abilities across the acquired capital.
Additional file 1 of Biologic medicine inclusion in 138 national essential medicines lists
Creators: name: Kraus, Raphaël
name: Yeung, Rae S. M.
name: Persaud, Nav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Marine Biology
Cancer
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Ill-Formed Text and Conceptual Processing
Creators: name: Lebowitz, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper, we discuss the problem of ill-formed (or incorrectly processed) text in the context of conceptual analysis text processing systems. We show that syntactically ill-formed text is not a major problem for such systems. Conceptually ill-formed text and conceptually ill-formed representations of text do cause interesting problems. We define conceptual ill-formedness and then present ideas for how it can handled in the context of two text processing systems, IPP and RESEARCHER.
Approximating the Reflection Integral as a Summation: Where Did the dÏ‰i Go?
Creators: name: Ben-Artzi, Aner
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this note, I explore why the the common approximation of the reflection integral is not written with a delta omega-in ( ) to replace the differential omega-in ( ). After that, I go on to discover what really happens when the sum over all directions is reduced to a sum over a small number of directions. In the final section, I make recommendations for correctly approximating the reflection sum, and briefly suggest a possible framework for multiple importance sampling on both lighting and brdf.
Recursive structure and equilibria in games with private monitoring
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: In each stage of a repeated game with private monitoring, the players receive payoffs and privately observe signals which depend on the players' actions and the state of world. I show that, contrary to a widely held belief, such games admit a recursive structure. More precisely, I construct a representation of the original sequential problem as a sequence of static games with incomplete information. This establishes the ground for a characterization of strategies and, hence, of behavior in interactive decision settings where private information is present. Finally, the representation is used to give a recursive characterization of the equilibrium payoff set, by means of a multi-player generalization of dynamic programming.
Additional file 3 of Eravacycline susceptibility was impacted by genetic mutation of 30S ribosome subunits, and branched-chain amino acid transport system II carrier protein, Na/Pi cotransporter family protein in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Wang, Zhanwen
name: Lin, Zhiwei
name: Bai, Bing
name: Xu, Guangjian
name: Li, Peiyu
name: Yu, Zhijian
name: Deng, Qiwen
name: Shang, Yongpeng
name: Zheng, Jinxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3 Table S3 Primers used for the detection of Tet-resistance genes and Tet target sites in S. aureus by PCR.
Keck/NIRC2 Imaging of the Warped, Asymmetric Debris Disk around HD 32297
Creators: name: Currie, Thayne
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Debes, John
name: Plavchan, Peter
name: Kuchner, Marc
name: Jang-Condell, Hannah
name: Wilner, David
name: Andrews, Sean
name: Kraus, Adam
name: Dahm, Scott
name: Robitaille, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck/NIRC2 $K_{s}$ band high-contrast coronagraphic imaging of the luminous debris disk around the nearby, young A star HD 32297 resolved at a projected separation of $r$ = 0.3-2.5\arcsec{} ($\approx$ 35-280 AU). The disk is highly warped to the north and exhibits a complex, "wavy" surface brightness profile interior to $r$ $\approx$ 110 AU, where the peaks/plateaus in the profiles are shifted between the NE and SW disk lobes. The SW side of the disk is 50--100% brighter at $r$ = 35-80 AU, and the location of its peak brightness roughly coincides with the disk's mm emission peak. Spectral energy distribution modeling suggests that HD 32297 has at least two dust populations that may originate from two separate belts likely at different locations, possibly at distances coinciding with the surface brightness peaks. A disk model for a single dust belt including a phase function with two components and a 5-10 AU pericenter offset explains the disk's warped structure and reproduces some of the surface brightness profile's shape (e.g. the overall "wavy" profile, the SB peak/plateau shifts) but more poorly reproduces the disk's brightness asymmetry. Although there may be alternate explanations, agreement between the SW disk brightness peak and disk's peak mm emission is consistent with an overdensity of very small, sub-blowout-sized dust and large, 0.1-1 mm-sized grains at $\approx$ 45 AU tracing the same parent population of planetesimals. New near-IR and submm observations may be able to clarify whether even more complex grain scattering properties or dynamical sculpting by an unseen planet are required to explain HD 32297's disk structure.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures; ApJ in press (no text changes from previous version)
Electronic and structural characterization of divacancies in irradiated graphene
Creators: name: Ugeda, Miguel M.
name: Brihuega, Iván
name: Hiebel, Fanny
name: Mallet, Pierre
name: Veuillen, Jean-Yves
name: Gómez-Rodríguez, José M.
name: Ynduráin, Félix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a thorough study of a carbon divacancy, a fundamental but almost unexplored point defect in graphene. Low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of irradiated graphene on different substrates enabled us to identify a common two-fold symmetry point defect. Our first principles calculations reveal that the structure of this type of defect accommodates two adjacent missing atoms in a rearranged atomic network formed by two pentagons and one octagon, with no dangling bonds. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements on divacancies generated in nearly ideal graphene show an electronic spectrum dominated by an empty-states resonance, which is ascribed to a spin-degenerated nearly flat band of $π$-electron nature. While the calculated electronic structure rules out the formation of a magnetic moment around the divacancy, the generation of an electronic resonance near the Fermi level, reveals divacancies as key point defects for tuning electron transport properties in graphene systems.
description: 5 pages
Crisis work: burnout facotrs in shelters for battered women
Creators: name: McAleer, Melanie Sheila
Publisher: name: Social Work
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Counselors--Job stress--Alberta.
subject: Job stress
subject: Burn out (Psychology)
subject: Women's shelters--Alberta.
subject: Social service--Psychological aspects.

description: Bibliography: p. 146-160
Additional file 10 of Association of plasma and CSF cytochrome P450, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and ethanolamide metabolism with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Borkowski, Kamil
name: Pedersen, Theresa L.
name: Seyfried, Nicholas T.
name: Lah, James J.
name: Levey, Allan I.
name: Hales, Chadwick M.
name: Dammer, Eric B.
name: Blach, Colette
name: Louie, Gregory
name: Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
name: Newman, John W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10 : Table S7. Spearman's rank order correlation between AD-related markers and CSF lipid mediators. Analysis performed utilizing 151 AD patients and 142 healthy controls. Only associations with the p>0.05 are displayed. Associations colored based on Spearman’s ρ (values shown in the table), with blue color for negative and orange for positive associations.
Are there nodes in LaFePO, BaFe$_2$(AsP)$_2$, and KFe$_2$As$_2$ ?
Creators: name: Bang, Yunkyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reexamined the experimental evidences for the possible existence of the superconducting (SC) gap nodes in the three most suspected Fe-pnictide SC compounds: LaFePO, BaFe$_2$(As$_{0.67}$P$_{0.33}$)$_2$, and KFe$_2$As$_2$. We showed that while the $T$-linear temperature dependence of the penetration depth $λ(T)$ of these three compounds indicate extremely clean nodal gap superconductors, the thermal conductivity data $\lim_{T,H \rightarrow 0} κ_S (H,T)/T$ unambiguously showed that LaFePO and BaFe$_2$(As$_{0.67}$P$_{0.33}$)$_2$ are extremely dirty, while KFe$_2$As$_2$ can be clean. This apparently conflicting experimental data casts a serious doubt on the nodal gap possibility on LaFePO and BaFe$_2$(As$_{0.67}$P$_{0.33}$)$_2$.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures A new section "4. Remark on the quantum oscillation (QO) experiments" is added
Magnetism in the 2D Limit and Interface Superconductivity in Metal-Insulator La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) Superlattices
Creators: name: Suter, A.
name: Morenzoni, E.
name: Prokscha, T.
name: Wojek, B. M.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Nieuwenhuys, G.
name: Gozar, A.
name: Logvenov, G.
name: Bozovic, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, by means of low-energy muon spin rotation measurements, that few-unit-cells thick La(2)CuO(4) layers synthesized digitally by molecular beam epitaxy synthesis are antiferromagnetically ordered. Below a thickness of about 5 CuO(2) layers the long-range ordered state breaks down, and a magnetic state appears with enhanced quantum fluctuations and a reduced spin stiffness. This magnetic state can exist in close proximity (few Angstrom) to high-temperature superconducting layers, without transmitting supercurrents.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
PPL/M: The System Level Language for Programming the DADO Machine
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Miranker, Daniel P.
name: Lerner, Mark D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: DADO [Stolfo and Shaw 82; Stolfo 82] is a fine-grain parallel computer designed specifically for the rapid execution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) software. Two software systems are presently under development for DADO which implement two language facilities supporting the high-speed execution of Production Systems (PS) and Logic Programs: Herbal (named in honor of Herbert Simon and Allen Newell, inventors of the AI PS paradigm) is similar in style to OPS [Forgy 821]; LPS (a Logic Programming System) is similar in syntactic style to Prolog.
Letter of Iulius Paternus to the Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
A note on fractional linear pure birth and pure death processes in epidemic models
Creators: name: Garra, Roberto
name: Polito, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we highlight the role of fractional linear birth and linear death processes recently studied in \citet{sakhno} and \citet{pol}, in relation to epidemic models with empirical power law distribution of the events. Taking inspiration from a formal analogy between the equation of self consistency of the epidemic type aftershock sequences (ETAS) model, and the fractional differential equation describing the mean value of fractional linear growth processes, we show some interesting applications of fractional modelling to study \textit{ab initio} epidemic processes without the assumption of any empirical distribution. We also show that, in the frame of fractional modelling, subcritical regimes can be linked to linear fractional death processes and supercritical regimes to linear fractional birth processes. Moreover we discuss a simple toy model to underline the possible application of these stochastic growth models to more general epidemic phenomena such as tumoral growth.
Ambiguous events and Maxmin Expected Utility
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
name: Filiz, Emel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: We study the properties associated to various definitions of ambiguity ([8], [9], [18] and [23]) in the context of Maximin Expected Utility (MEU). We show that each definition of unambiguous events produces certain restrictions on the set of priors, and completely characterize each definition in terms of the properties it imposes on the MEU functional. We apply our results to two open problems. First, in the context of MEU, we show the existence of a fundamental incompatibility between the axiom of "Small unambiguous event continuity" ([8]) and the notions of unambiguous event due to Zhang [23] and Epstein-Zhang [8]. Second, we show that, in the context of MEU, the classes of unambiguous events according to either Zhang [23] or Epstein-Zhang [8] are always λ-systems. Finally, we reconsider the various definitions in light of our findings, and identify some new objects (Z-filters and EZ-filters) corresponding to properties which, while neglected in the current literature, seem relevant to us.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the training of pharmacists oriented to the demands for clinical pharmacy services: from the perspective of physicians
Creators: name: Jin, Hang
name: Huang, Yuankai
name: Xi, Xiaoyu
name: Chen, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Optimal pumping of orbital entanglement with single particle emitters
Creators: name: Sherkunov, Y.
name: d'Ambrumenil, N.
name: Samuelsson, P.
name: Buttiker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for the optimal time-controlled generation of entangled itinerant particles, using on-demand sources in a conductor in the quantum Hall regime. This entanglement pump is realized by applying periodic, tailored voltage pulses to pairs of quantum dots or quantum point contacts. We show that the pump can produce orbital Bell pairs of both electrons and holes at the optimal rate of half a pair per pumping cycle. The entanglement can be detected by a violation of a Bell inequality formulated in terms of low-frequency current cross correlations.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 11 of Association of plasma and CSF cytochrome P450, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and ethanolamide metabolism with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Borkowski, Kamil
name: Pedersen, Theresa L.
name: Seyfried, Nicholas T.
name: Lah, James J.
name: Levey, Allan I.
name: Hales, Chadwick M.
name: Dammer, Eric B.
name: Blach, Colette
name: Louie, Gregory
name: Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
name: Newman, John W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 11 : Table S8. Stepwise logistic model predicting AD status using plasma, CSF or both plasma and CSF metabolites. Stepwise analysis was performed with the maximal validation r2 as the model stopping criteria, or if an additional step increased the BIC. Model stopping point for each analysis is highlighted.
Transverse oscillations in chromospheric mottles
Creators: name: Kuridze, D.
name: Morton, R. J.
name: Erdélyi, R.
name: Dorrian, G. D.
name: Mathioudakis, M.
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Keenan, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of recent investigations have revealed that transverse waves are ubiquitous in the solar chromosphere. The vast majority of these have been reported in limb spicules and active region fibrils. We investigate long-lived, quiet Sun, on-disk features such as chromospheric mottles (jet-like features located at the boundaries of supergranular cells) and their transverse motions. The observations were obtained with the Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere (ROSA) instrument at the Dunn Solar Telescope. The dataset comprises simultaneous imaging in the H$α$ core, Ca II K, and G band of an on-disk quiet Sun region. Time-distance techniques are used to study the characteristics of the transverse oscillations. We detect over 40 transverse oscillations in both bright and dark mottles, with periods ranging from 70 to 280 s, with the most frequent occurrence at ~ 165 s. The velocity amplitudes and transverse displacements exhibit characteristics similar to limb spicules. Neighbouring mottles oscillating in-phase are also observed. The transverse oscillations of individual mottles are interpreted in terms of magnetohydrodynamic kink waves. Their estimated periods and damping times are consistent with phase mixing and resonant mode conversion.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Association of plasma and CSF cytochrome P450, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and ethanolamide metabolism with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Borkowski, Kamil
name: Pedersen, Theresa L.
name: Seyfried, Nicholas T.
name: Lah, James J.
name: Levey, Allan I.
name: Hales, Chadwick M.
name: Dammer, Eric B.
name: Blach, Colette
name: Louie, Gregory
name: Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
name: Newman, John W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 : Figure S1. Bile acids biosynthesis pathway. Node colors represent primary (blue) and secondary (dark red) bile acids. Node shape represent conjugated (diamond) and unconjugated (oval) bile acids. Node size represents median concentration in the experimental cohort. Cholesterol (top of the pathway) is converted to primary bile acids along two pathways, neutral and acidic [1]. Further, primary bile acids are secreted to gut, and portion of it being modify by the gut bacteria to secondary bile acids. Primary and secondary bile acids are reabsorbed into the blood stream and reenter the liver, where they are conjugated with amino acids glycine or taurine. Conjugated bile acids are then being secreted back to the gut along with primary bile acids. Gut bacteria can cleave conjugated amino acids off bile acids [2], and freed metabolites are recirculated. Therefore, plasma levels of conjugated bile acids can me a reflection of both liver and gut bacteria activity. Refference: 1.Pandak, W.M. and G. Kakiyama, The acidic pathway of bile acid synthesis: Not just an alternative pathway(). Liver Res, 2019. 3(2): p. 88-98; 2. Ridlon, J.M., et al., Consequences of bile salt biotransformations by intestinal bacteria. Gut Microbes, 2016. 7(1): p. 22-39.
Merit transference on buddhism: a sociohistorical approach to religious transformation
Creators: name: Chia, Seng
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 74-81
description: Whenever the topic of merit transference is raised in Western society, it is immediately connected with the 'sale of indulgences' authorized by the Catholic Church during the end of the medieval period. From a general view, it seems to be identically based upon the making of offerings to the monastic order in exchange for the merits of the saints or God/gods. Since Martin Luther revolted against the 'sale of indulgences' in the 16th century, the Christian act of merit benefiting mission has been rejected as profitmaking scam. However, it should be pointed out that before Christianity even began, merit transference was an idea already prevalent in India. In the development of Buddhism, the non-ritualistic movement of the Sakyamuni Buddha had eventually syncretized rituals and concepts that might have belonged to the main-stream religion, Brahmanism. As John Holt suggests, the Buddhist notion of merit transference could be derived possibly from the Brahmanical idea of sraddha- a ritual of ancestral worship conducted by the Brahmin priests who mediated between gods/goddesses and the ancestors. In order to repay the priests, making of offerings was considered a necessary gesture. Certainly, in Buddhism, merit transference is often connected with funeral rituals and ancestral worshipping. But Buddhism also started as a reformed movement propagating self realization and the law of karma where one is responsible for only one's own action. Hence, no merit or demerit can be shared between two people. Consequently, it is difficult to understand how merit transference became a practice in which one's merit can be transferred to others. In short, why would Buddhism contradict itself by incorporating what seems to be an irrational or affectionate practice that merit transference seems to be? The answer to this question is often difficult to find. In order to find an answer to this question, an analysis of the Buddhist doctrines that occurred over the different periods of the Buddhist development is crucial. In this thesis, the motive behind such syncretism through the lens of the great anthropologist, Clifford Geertz, will be investigated. Therefore, this research will depend on a socio-historical methodology.
Microstructure evolution during extrusion of AA3xxx aluminum alloys
Creators: name: Yuanyuan, Geng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The through process microstructural evolution of aluminum alloys AA3003 (1.27wt% Mn) and AA3102 (0.26wt% Mn) during high temperature extrusion was investigated. The Direct Chill(DC) cast microstructure of both alloys showed interdendritic eutectic regions consisting of rod/plate like constituent particles in the α-Al. Prior to extrusion, the as-cast materials were homogenized for three different conditions, i.e. 500°C for 8h, 550°C for 8h and 600°C for 24h. Optical Microscopy was used to examine the behavior of constituent particles and dispersoids during homogenization. Back Scattered Scanning Electron Microscopy and Image Analysis with Clemex were conducted to study the evolution of the size, aspect ratio, area fraction and number density of constituent particles. Moreover, to investigate the evolution of constituent particles during homogenization at 600oC, samples heated to and soaked at 600oC for different times were studied. It was found that different mechanisms of microstructure evolution occurred during homogenization including the breaking up, growth and coarsening of particles. Extrusion trials were conducted on a laboratory scale extrusion press located at Rio Tinto Alcan’s Avidia R&D Center in Jonquiere, Quebec. Various AA3003 and AA3102 DC billets with different homogenization treatments were extruded at 400oC and 550oC with an extrusion ratio of 130. The extrudates were examined in different orientations to study the through-thickness microstructure profile. Grain structures were revealed by Polarized Light Optical Microscope and Electron Back Scattered Diffraction. Back Scattered Scanning Electron Microscopy and Image Analysis were conducted on the extrudates to quantify the characteristics of the extruded material. It was found that the homogenization treatments have a significant effect on the as-extruded microstructure. In particular, the presence of dispersoids suggested significant pinning effects on the recrystallization behavior. In addition, Gleeble tests were conducted on a low iron AA3102 alloy using a Gleeble 3500 Thermo-mechanical Simulator at strain rates of 0.1s-1, 1s-1 and 10s-1 and deformation temperature of 400oC, 500oC, and 600oC. The yield stress, work hardening and flow stress results were fit into a physically based flow stress model of Kocks and Chen. It was found that the constituent particles had a minimal effect on the flow stress exponent in the model.
Lithium synthesis in microquasar accretion
Creators: name: Iocco, Fabio
name: Pato, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the synthesis of lithium isotopes in the hot tori formed around stellar mass black holes by accretion of the companion star. We find that sizable amounts of both stable isotopes 6Li and 7Li can be produced, the exact figures varying with the characteristics of the torus and reaching as much as 1e-2 Msun for each isotope. This mass output is enough to contaminate the entire Galaxy at a level comparable with the original, pre-galactic amount of lithium and to overcome other sources such as cosmic-ray spallation or stellar nucleosynthesis.
Adapting Materialized Views after Redifinitions
Creators: name: Gupta, Ashish
name: Mumick, Inderpal S.
name: Ross, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: We consider a variant of the view maintenance problem: How does one keep a materialized view up-to-date when the view definition itself changes? Can one do better than recomputing the view from the base relations? Traditional view maintenance tries to maintain the materialized view in response to modifications to the base relations; we try to "adapt" the view in response to changes in the view definition.Such techniques are needed for applications where the user can change queries dynamically and see the changes in the results fast. Data archaeology, data visualization, and dynamic queries are examples of such applications.We consider all possible redefinitions of SQL SELECT-FROM-WHERE-GROUPBY, UNION, and EXCEPT views, and show how these views can be adapted using the old materialization for the cases where it is possible to do so. We identify extra information that can be kept with a materialization to facilitate redefinition. Multiple simultaneous changes to a view can be handled without necessarily materializing intermediate results. We identify guidelines for users and database administrators that can be used to facilitate efficient view adaptation.
Additional file 2 of Association of plasma and CSF cytochrome P450, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and ethanolamide metabolism with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Borkowski, Kamil
name: Pedersen, Theresa L.
name: Seyfried, Nicholas T.
name: Lah, James J.
name: Levey, Allan I.
name: Hales, Chadwick M.
name: Dammer, Eric B.
name: Blach, Colette
name: Louie, Gregory
name: Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
name: Newman, John W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 : Figure S2. Multilinear regression of log(t-Tau/AB42) and the components of AD predictive models, presented in the Figure 4. Analysis performed separately for plasma (upper panel) and CSF (lower panel) AD predictors. Association of individual components are shown in the leverage plots, whereas effect summery contain descriptive statistics for each individual metabolite in the model.