cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding and Improving Fairness-Accuracy Trade-offs in Multi-Task Learning
Creators: name: Wang, Yuyan
name: Wang, Xuezhi
name: Beutel, Alex
name: Prost, Flavien
name: Chen, Jilin
name: Chi, Ed H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As multi-task models gain popularity in a wider range of machine learning applications, it is becoming increasingly important for practitioners to understand the fairness implications associated with those models. Most existing fairness literature focuses on learning a single task more fairly, while how ML fairness interacts with multiple tasks in the joint learning setting is largely under-explored. In this paper, we are concerned with how group fairness (e.g., equal opportunity, equalized odds) as an ML fairness concept plays out in the multi-task scenario. In multi-task learning, several tasks are learned jointly to exploit task correlations for a more efficient inductive transfer. This presents a multi-dimensional Pareto frontier on (1) the trade-off between group fairness and accuracy with respect to each task, as well as (2) the trade-offs across multiple tasks. We aim to provide a deeper understanding on how group fairness interacts with accuracy in multi-task learning, and we show that traditional approaches that mainly focus on optimizing the Pareto frontier of multi-task accuracy might not perform well on fairness goals. We propose a new set of metrics to better capture the multi-dimensional Pareto frontier of fairness-accuracy trade-offs uniquely presented in a multi-task learning setting. We further propose a Multi-Task-Aware Fairness (MTA-F) approach to improve fairness in multi-task learning. Experiments on several real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Energy-momentum tensor correlators and spectral functions
Creators: name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the thermal Euclidean correlators and the spectral functions of the energy-momentum tensor for pure gauge theories, including at non-zero spatial momentum, at leading order in perturbation theory. Our goal is to improve the extraction of transport properties from Euclidean correlators that are computable in lattice QCD. Based on our results and the predictions of hydrodynamics for the structure of the spectral functions at low frequencies, we show that the shear and bulk viscosities can advantageously be extracted from the Euclidean correlators of the conserved charges, energy and momentum, at small but non-vanishing spatial momentum. The spectral functions in these channels are free of the ultraviolet $ω^4$ term which represents a large background to the thermal physics encoded in the correlators of the fluxes.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
The $Z_b$ structures in a constituent quark model coupled-channels calculation
Creators: name: Ortega, Pablo G.
name: Segovia, Jorge
name: Fernandez, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Z_b(10610)^\pm$ and $Z_b(10650)^\pm$ are two bottomonium-like structures discovered in the $πh_b(mP)$, $πΥ(nS)$ and $B^\ast\bar B^{(\ast)}+h.c.$ invariant mass spectra, where $m=\{1,2\}$ and $n=\{1,2,3\}$. Their nature is puzzling due to their charge, which forces its minimal quark content to be $b\bar b u\bar d$ ($b\bar b d\bar u$). Thus, it is necessary to explore four-quark systems in order to understand their inner structure. Additionally, their strong coupling to channels such as $πΥ$ and the closeness of their mass to $B^\ast\bar B^{(\ast)}$-thresholds stimulates a molecular interpretation. Within the framework of a constituent quark model which satisfactorily describes a wide range of properties of (non-)conventional hadrons containing heavy quarks, we perform a coupled-channels calculation of the $I^G(J^{PC})=1^+(1^{+-})$ hidden-bottom sector including $B^{(\ast)}\bar B^{\ast}+h.c.$, $πh_b$, $πΥ$ and $ρη_b$ channels. We analyze the line shapes in the different channels, describing the $Υ(5S)\to πB^{(*)}\bar B^{(*)}$ by means of the $^3P_0$ model. Since our description of the line shapes promising, we perform the same coupled-channels calculation for the $Z_b$'s with $J^{--}$, where $J=\{0,1,2\}$. This allows us to obtain a fair description of the corresponding line shapes. The study of the analytic structure of the $S$-matrix suggests that the experimental $Z_b$ structures arise as a combination of several poles with $J^{PC}=0^{--}$, $1^{\pm-}$ and $2^{--}$ quantum numbers nearby the $B\bar B^\ast$ and $B^\ast\bar B^\ast$ thresholds.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1808.00914
REU: Examining vision sensor for cm-scale robots
Creators: name: Frantz, Max
name: Penskiy, Ivan
name: Bergbreiter, Sarah
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2013
Subjects: REU
robot
optic flow
vision

description: The capabilities of the Centeye Stonyman Vision Chip were examined on the Parallax BOE-bot platform. This paper describes the tests that were performed to determine the sensor’s suitability for controlling navigation in an unknown environment. M. Srinivasan’s Image Interpolation Algorithm was used to compute 1D optical flow. Parameters that affect the optical flow’s signal-to-noise ratio were manipulated to acquire a sufficiently strong signal and navigation of a testing arena and collision avoidance were demonstrated.
description: National Science Foundation Award #1062885
Smoke Sense App
Creators: name: Hanf Alexander
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: EPA researchers initiated a citizen science project called Smoke Sense. This project has two broad objectives. The first is to increase awareness of the known health effects associated with exposure to wildfire smoke. The second is to further advance the scientific understanding of that relationship, specifically to: Understand the subclinical health impacts of wildland fire smoke Discover how people protect their health during smoke exposure Develop effective strategies to communicate health risks from smoke exposure
"The setting for pure theatre"
Creators: name: Sabetzer, Laura
Year: 2010

description: This diploma thesis with the title “The setting for pure theatre” analyses the subject matter of the theatrical and symbolic elements of the Olympic Games’ opening and closing ceremonies. The Olympic ceremonies in Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, and Beijing 2008 are therefore selected as subjects for the analysis. The main assumption was that the dramaturgy and production of the ceremonies has changed since the beginning of the new millennium. The writer comes to the conclusion, that the three examined Olympic ceremonies have a similar dramaturgy and follow a similar structure. Furthermore they are based upon the same symbolic and theatrical elements. There has been a notable change in the design of the Olympic ceremonies since the turn of the millennium. Moreover, the production grew increasingly consistent. On the one hand the single episodes of the opening ceremonies were formed to consistent stories. The Olympic Rings and their colours are a favoured method used to present the Olympic Truth. On the other hand the closing ceremonies tend to focus the national stars. These representatives are still the best method for drawing the spectator’s attention, in the stadium as well as in front of the television. Whether singer, musician, actor or any other famous person – the stars are a main ingredient of the closing ceremony and their appearence guarantees for creating and maintaining a successful and positive image of the Olympic Games.
description: Diese Diplomarbeit mit dem Titel ”The setting for pure theatre“ beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der theatralen und symbolischen Elemente der Olympischen Eröffnungs- und Schlussfeiern. Als Beispiele für Olympischen Zeremonien werden die Spiele in Sydney 2000, Athen 2004 und Peking 2008 herangezogen. Die These war, dass sich die Feierlichkeiten seit dem Jahrtausendwechsel in ihrer Dramaturgie und Inszenierung geändert haben. Die Verfasserin kommt zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass alle Olympischen Zeremonien eine gemeinsame Dramaturgie haben einer einheitlichen Struktur folgen und großteils von symbolischen und theatralen Elementen getragen werden. Fakt ist, dass seit dem Jahrtausendwechsel und mit den Spielen in Sydney eine völlig neue Darstellungsweise in die Olympischen Zeremonien eingeflossen ist. Die Inszenierung der Zeremonien wurde seit dem Jahr 2000 homogener. Die einzelnen Episoden der Eröffnungsfeiern werden immer mehr zu einer einheitlichen Geschichtserzählung geformt. Dabei sind die Olympischen Ringe und die mit ihnen verbundenen Farben eine beliebte Praktik den Olympischen Gedanken zu präsentieren. Die Schlussfeiern werden immer häufiger zum Aufmarsch der nationalen Stars. Sie sind aber nach wie vor die beliebteste Methode Aufmerksamkeit beim Stadion- und Fernsehpublikum zu erzeugen. Ob Sänger, Musiker, Schauspieler oder andere Prominente eines Landes – sie sind nunmehr zentraler Bestandteil der Schlussfeier und garantierter Erfolgsfaktor für ein positives Image der Spiele.
Spin structure functions of 3He at finite Q^2
Creators: name: Kulagin, S. A.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recently derived relations between spin-dependent nuclear and nucleon g_1 and g_2 structure functions at finite Q^2, we study nuclear effects in 3He in the nucleon resonance and deep inelastic regions. Comparing the finite-Q^2 results with the standard convolution formulas obtained in the large-Q^2 limit, we find significant broadening of the effective nucleon momentum distribution functions, leading to additional suppression of the nuclear g_1 and g_2 structure functions around the resonance peaks.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Temperature-salinity and salinity-depth curves for the north Atlantic and north Pacific
Creators: name: Dewar, John Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Using historical data from the U.S. NODC Station Data II File, scatter diagrams of Temperature-Salinity [T-S] pairs and Salinity-Depth [S-Z] pairs were plotted for squares of 5° latitude by 5° longitude for the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans between 10°S and 60°N. Examination of the scatter plots indicates that the similarity between adjacent 5° squares is sufficient to allow the combination of the squares into larger areas described by a single T-S curve and a single S-Z curve. In this way, twenty-one T-S and S-Z areas (not coincident) are defined for the Pacific; thirteen T-S and fifteen S-Z areas are defined for the Atlantic. The data were edited on the basis of scatter plots; mean curves of the T-S, and S-Z relationships are presented together with standard deviations, indicative of the tightness of each curve. A discussion is presented of the uniqueness of each mean curve. The curves are examined in terms of their application to the characterization of water masses and to their use in inferring salinities for use in further computations. In northern latitudes the T-S relationship becomes non-single valued, but the S-Z relationship is well defined. Therefore, depending on the area of the ocean being examined, one method may be superior to the other for inferring salinity.
A crossover from Kondo semiconductor to metallic antiferromagnet with $5d$-electron doping in CeFe$_2$Al$_{10}$
Creators: name: Tripathi, Rajesh
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Lees, M. R.
name: Sundaresa, A.
name: Langridge, S.
name: Bhattacharyya, A.
name: Anand, V. K.
name: Khalyavin, D.
name: Sannigrahi, J.
name: Cibin, G.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Smith, R. I.
name: Walker, H. C.
name: Muro, Y.
name: Takabatake, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a systematic study of the $5d$-electron-doped system Ce(Fe$_{1-x}$Ir$_x$)$_2$Al$_{10}$ ($0 \leq x \leq 0.15$). With increasing $x$, the orthorhombic $b$~axis decreases slightly while accompanying changes in $a$ and $c$ leave the unit cell volume almost unchanged. Inelastic neutron scattering, along with thermal and transport measurements, reveal that for the Kondo semiconductor CeFe$_2$Al$_{10}$, the low-temperature energy gap which is proposed to be a consequence of strong $c \mhyphen f$ hybridization, is suppressed by a small amount of Ir substitution for Fe, and that the system adopts a metallic ground state with an increase in the density of states at the Fermi level. The charge or transport gap collapses (at $x=$~0.04) faster than the spin gap with Ir substitution. Magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and muon spin relaxation measurements demonstrate that the system undergoes long-range antiferromagnetic order below a Néel temperature, $T_{\mathrm{N}}$, of 3.1(2)~K for $x = 0.15$. The ordered moment is estimated to be smaller than 0.07(1)~$μ_\mathrm{B}$/Ce although the trivalent state of Ce is confirmed by Ce L$_3$-edge x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy. It is suggested that the $c \mhyphen f$ hybridization gap, which plays an important role in the unusually high ordering temperatures observed in Ce$T_2$Al$_{10}$ ($T$ = Ru and Os), may not be necessary for the onset of magnetic order with a low $T_{\mathrm{N}}$ seen here in Ce(Fe$_{1-x}$Ir$_x$)$_2$Al$_{10}$.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Transmettre avec succès des compétences numériques aux personnes âgées. Indications et recommandations pour les prestataires de cours.
Creators: name: Speck, Sarah
name: Kortmann, Lisa Katharina
name: Wallimann, Miriam
name: Misoch, Sabina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: De nos jours, les compétences numériques sont devenues indispensables et il existe de nombreux cours qui soutiennent et encouragent ces compétences. Cette fiche d’information donne des recommandations aux prestataires de cours suissesdans le domaine de l’enseignement des compétences numériques pour le groupe cible des personnes âgées de 50 ans et plus.
Harmonic measures versus quasiconformal measures for hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Blachère, Sébastien
name: Haïssinsky, Peter
name: Mathieu, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 60B15 (11K55, 20F69, 28A75, 60J50, 60J65)

description: We establish a dimension formula for the harmonic measure of a finitely supported and symmetric random walk on a hyperbolic group. We also characterize random walks for which this dimension is maximal. Our approach is based on the Green metric, a metric which provides a geometric point of view on random walks and, in particular, which allows us to interpret harmonic measures as \qc measures on the boundary of the group.
description: Besides minor modifications, we provide a new proof that the harmonic measure of a finitely supported random walk on a Fuchsian group with cusps is singular. 52 pp
Colliders and Brane Vector Phenomenology
Creators: name: Clark, T. E.
name: Love, S. T.
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: ter Veldhuis, T.
name: Xiong, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brane world oscillations manifest themselves as massive vector gauge fields. Their coupling to the Standard Model is deduced using the method of nonlinear realizations of the spontaneously broken higher dimensional space-time symmetries. Brane vectors are stable and weakly interacting, and therefore escape particle detectors unnoticed. LEP and Tevatron data on the production of a single photon in conjunction with missing energy are used to delineate experimentally excluded regions of brane vector parameter space. The additional region of parameter space accessible to the LHC as well as a future lepton linear collider is also determined by means of this process.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Risikoentscheidungen unter der Berücksichtigung von Risikoentschärfungsoperatoren und dem regulatorischen Fokus
Creators: name: Koch-Kiennast, Barbara
Year: 2010

description: Diese Arbeit setzt sich mit Risikoentscheidungen unter Berücksichtigung von Risikoentschärfungsoperatoren und des regulatorischen Fokus auseinander. Damit verbindet sie das entscheidungspsychologische Konzept der Risikoentschärfungsoperatoren (Huber & Huber, 2003) und die motivationspsychologische regulatorische Fokustheorie von Higgins (1997). Ein Risikoentschärfungsoperator ist eine Handlung, welche hilft das Risiko in einer Entscheidungssituation zu minimieren. Huber und Huber (2003) unterscheiden zwischen Vor- und Nachereignis Risikoentschärfungsoperator. Ein Vorereignis REO ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er vor dem Eintreten negativer Konsequenzen durchgeführt werden muss. Er ist sehr sicher, dafür aber mit hohen Kosten verbunden. Ein Nachereignis REO kann erst nach dem Eintreten der negativen Konsequenzen herangezogen werden. Allerdings ist dieser Nachereignis REO mit einer gewissen Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeit verknüpft und ist bei rechtzeitiger Erkennung immer mit geringeren Kosten verbunden. Higgins (1997, 1998) unterscheidet Personen in ihrer motivationalen Selbstregulation in einen Promotionsfokus und einen Präventionsfokus. Eine präventionsorientierte Person richtet ihren Eine 118 Person mit einem Promotionsfokus ist auf Selbstverwirklichung und Wachstum ausgerichtet. Außerdem geht eine promotionsorientierte Person auch Risiken ein, um ihr Ziel zu erreichen und verhält sich somit risikofreudig. Diese Arbeit hat sich nun mit der Frage auseinander gesetzt, ob das Risikoentscheidungsverhalten von dem regulatorischen Fokus und der Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeit eines Nachereignis REO vorausgesagt werden kann. Dabei sollte durch die Manipulation des situativen regulatorischen Promotionsfokus zu risikofreudigen und die Manipulation des situativen regulatorischen Präventionsfokus zu risikoaversiven Entscheidungsverhalten führen. Dies konnte nicht bestätigt werden, wobei anzumerken ist, dass die Manipulation des situativen regulatorischen Fokus nicht geglückt ist. Es hat sich ein risikoaversive Verhalten in den Risikoentscheidungssituationen gezeigt. Die Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeit kann demnach als Prädiktor für Risikoentscheidungsverhalten bestätigt werden.
Hamiltonian Normal Forms and Galactic Potentials
Creators: name: Pucacco, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of self-gravitating stellar systems has provided important hints to develop tools of analytical mechanics. In the present contribution we review how to exploit detuned resonant normal forms to extract information on several aspects of the dynamics in systems with self-similar elliptical equipotentials. In particular, using energy and ellipticity as parameters, we compute the instability thresholds of axial orbits, bifurcation values of low-order boxlets and phase-space fractions pertaining to the families around them. We also show how to infer something about the singular limit of the potential.
description: To be published in "Chaos in Astronomy", G. Contopoulos, P.A. Patsis (eds.), Springer
Direct Search for Dark Matter - Striking the Balance - and the Future
Creators: name: Bednyakov, V. A.
name: Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the main candidates for the relic dark matter (DM). The idea of the direct DM detection relies on elastic spin-dependent (SD) and spin-independent (SI) interaction of WIMPs with target nuclei. In this review paper the relevant formulae for WIMP event rate calculations are collected. For estimations of the WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron SD and SI cross sections the effective low-energy minimal supersymmetric standard model is used. The traditional one-coupling-dominance approach for evaluation of the exclusion curves is described. Further, the mixed spin-scalar coupling approach is discussed. It is demonstrated, taking the high-spin Ge-73 dark matter experiment HDMS as an example, how one can drastically improve the sensitivity of the exclusion curves within the mixed spin-scalar coupling approach, as well as due to a new procedure of background subtraction from the measured spectrum. A general discussion on the information obtained from exclusion curves is given. The necessity of clear WIMP direct detection signatures for a solution of the dark matter problem, is pointed out.
description: LaTeX, 49 pages, 14 figures, 185 references
Vacuum Rabi oscillation of an atom without rotating-wave approximation
Creators: name: Wang, Fa-Qiang
name: Liu, Wei-Ci
name: Liang, Rui-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated vacuum Rabi oscillation of an atom coupled with single-mode cavity field exactly, and compared the results with that of J-C model. The results show that, there is damping Rabi oscillation for an atom, even in strong coupling regime. For small detuning and weak coupling case, the probability for the atom in excited state oscillates against time with different frequency and amplitude from that of J-C model. It exhibits the counter-rotating wave interaction could significantly effect the dynamic behavior of the atom, even under the condition in which the RWA is considered to be justified. On the other hand, the results also reveal that the counter-rotating wave interaction could obviously modify the decay rate in strong coupling regime. And there is Rabi oscillation for initially unexcited atom, which is contrary to that of J-C model.
description: 4pages,6figures
OASIS-UROS V1.1 Project Files
Creators: name: Zobel, Oliver Maximilian
name: Maierhofer, Johannes
name: Köstler, Andreas
name: Rixen, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: OASIS-Project
Year: 2025

description: Contains all files required to reproduce version 1.1 of OASIS-UROS: Open Acquisition System for IEPE Sensors - Upgraded, Refined and Overhauled Software
OASIS-UROS V1.1 Project Files
Creators: name: Zobel, Oliver Maximilian
name: Maierhofer, Johannes
name: Köstler, Andreas
name: Rixen, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: OASIS-Project
Year: 2024

description: Contains all files required to reproduce version 1.1 of OASIS-UROS: Open Acquisition System for IEPE Sensors - Upgraded, Refined and Overhauled Software.

oasis-uros-hardware.zip This archive contains the full KiCad project of the OASIS-UROS board as described in the publication. Included are the KiCad schematics, the KiCad PCB, and all required symbols and footprints.

jlcpcb_manufacturing_files.zip Included here are the production files used by JLCPCB to fabricate the partially assembled board. Using those files, the same board as used for validation can be ordered.

oasis-firmware.zip In this archive, the source code for the board firmware can be found. OASIS-Firmware.ino is the main code file; the other files are supplementary files. The code needs to be compiled using the Arduino IDE.

oasis-gui.zip For archival purposes the source code for the OASIS-GUI is included in the design files. However, it is recommended that the current version from the Python Package Index is installed using pip install OASIS-GUI.

bottom case.stl Lastly, for protection against mechanical damage, shielding the bottom of the finished board is recommended. A 3D printing file for a simple case is included with this file.
An investigation of polar substorms observed at Halley Bay, Antarctica
Creators: name: Boteler, David H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Ground observations of magnetic and ionospheric substorms are reviewed, and the processes involved are explained. Then magnetic and absorption results from an auroral zone station, Halley Bay, are examined. Positive H bays occur in the evening sector between 16.00 and 22.00 local time while negative H bays occur on the nightside between 22.00 and 06.00 local time. Clockwise and counterclockwise rotating Pi2 pulsations respectively have similar times of occurrence, as do westward and eastward moving radio aurora. Short-period absorption occurs coincident with magnetic bays while longer-period absorption occurs on the dayside (04.00 to 20.00 local time). This information is used to determine the disturbance pattern in local time seen at auroral zone stations. A simple model is presented to illustrate the processes responsible for the effects observed in the 3 different local-time zones. On the nightside there is direct injection of particles from the tail, into the ionosphere, accompanied by short-circuiting of the cross-tail current through the ionosphere to produce the westward electrojet. Protons are injected into the radiation belt on the evening side, and their westward drift constitutes a partial ring current. The plasmasphere bulge modifies the distribution of proton precipitation and influences the location of the ionospheric return current, the eastward electrojet. Trapped electrons drift into the morning and dayside sectors and precipitate steadily into the ionosphere producing periods of slowly-varying absorption, The diurnal and seasonal variations of this absorption at Halley Bay suggests that photodetachment of negative ions in the D region is a significant factor in the production of auroral absorption. It is shown that variations in fxI significantly affect the occurrence of blackout on the ionoscnde, making this an unreliable indicator of absorption. Anomalies in the magnetic bays observed at Halley Bay are shown to be due to the presence of induced currents in the sea flowing parallel to the continental shelf. An analysis of electrical power system disturbances identifies magnetic substorms as the primary cause, and discusses how knowledge about substorms can aid prediction of the power system disturbances.
»Die innere Rechtswissenschaft« auf Grundlage von Ibn al-Arabis Lehre der waḥdat al-wuğūd
Creators: name: Palkovich, Tina
Year: 2010

description: Der sufische Weg führt von der aus Geist und Materie gemischten Welt zum absolut Wahren, zum reinen Sein, das Gott ist. Die ganze Schöpfung wird als Erscheinung bzw. Enthüllung Gottes selbst und somit die Welt und jedes einzelne Wesen als »Manifestationsort« Gottes betrachtet. Ibn al-Arabis Konzept der waḥdat al-wuğūd, der Einheit alles Seienden, soll zum Einen als Anstoß dienen, in jedem Geschöpf das Göttliche zu erkennen, um folglich ein enges, behutsames Verhältnis zu allen Geschöpfen und der Natur zu pflegen. Zum Anderen versteht sich seine Lehre als Ausgangspunkt für einen möglichen Lösungsweg der Problematik des Wahrheitsanspruches, den jede Religion für sich einnimmt. Begleitet und untermauert werden diese Implikationen von Sufi – Geschichten, die uns helfen können, zu erkennen, dass wir aus Vorurteilen und festgefahrenen Denkmustern ausbrechen müssen.
Visuell versus bedeutungsvoll - the Miracle of Art
Creators: name: Tersteegen, Elisa
Year: 2010

description: The aim of this study was to explore whether during the perception of art works visual cues or the content of a picture were better predictors of the viewers´ eye movements. Visual cues were defined according to the Saliency Model by Itti and Koch (2000). To define the most important areas of 30 modern, narrative paintings and to generate a resultant importance map, a prestudy was conducted. In order to compare the quality of the fixation predictions made by the saliency maps and the importance maps, an eye-tracking study was conducted. The 30 paintings were presented to 17 participants. The results indicate that the content of the paintings is a better predictor for fixations than the saliency maps, with respect to average fixation duration, number of fixations, total fixation duration and first AOI fixation. Hence, during the perception of artworks, the content of a picture seems to guide the viewers´ eye movements from the first glance.
description: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es zu untersuchen, ob sich Blickbewegungen bei der Betrachtung von Kunstwerken besser auf Grund von visuellen oder von inhaltlichen Bildmerkmalen vorhersagen lassen. Als visuell bedeutend wurden diejenigen Bildstellen mit der höchsten Saliency nach dem Saliency-Modell von Itti und Koch (2000) definiert. Um die wichtigsten inhaltlichen Merkmale zu definieren, wurde eine Vorstudie durchgeführt, in der 30 narrative Gemälde der Moderne präsentiert wurden. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse konnte für jedes Bild eine Importance Map erstellt werden, auf der die inhaltlich wichtigsten Bildstellen markiert sind. Um festzustellen, ob Saliency Map oder Importance Map bessere Prädiktoren für Blickbewegungen sind, wurde eine Eye-Tracking-Studie mit 17 Personen durchgeführt, denen die 30 Gemälde präsentiert wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Importance Maps hinsichtlich durchschnittlicher Fixationsdauer, Anzahl der Fixationen und gesamter Fixationsdauer bessere Vorhersagen machten als die Saliency Maps. Auch bezüglich der ersten Fixationen stellten sich inhaltliche Merkmale der Bilder als bessere Prädiktoren heraus. Bei der Betrachtung von Kunstwerken scheinen also von Beginn an inhaltliche Faktoren die Blickbewegungen zu lenken.
Krisenherd Baskenland
Creators: name: Bernal, Marco
Year: 2010

description: Seit langer Zeit ist das Baskenland vor allem durch den dort vorherrschenden Konflikt in den Mittelpunkt des politischen als auch des medialen Interesses geraten. Viel ist über die Sezessionsbestrebungen sowohl der ETA als auch der konservativen Nationalisten und ihrer Anhänger bekannt. Gleichzeitig verfügen die baskischen Provinzen Spaniens nicht nur über einen der höchsten Lebensstandards, sondern auch über die am stärksten entwickelten Autonomierechte Europas. Warum trotzdem im 21. Jahrhundert dieser Konflikt nach wie vor anhält, ist Thema dieser Arbeit. Da bei der Analyse der Problematik meist die Franco-Diktatur als Ausgangspunkt gewählt wird, können weder die wahren Gründe des Entstehens noch des Fortbestehens des Konflikts erkannt werden, denn es wird so gut wie immer übersehen, dass es sich hier vor allem um einen innerbaskischen Konflikt handelt. Um jedoch an dessen Wurzeln zu gelangen, ist es notwendig, sich eingehend mit den politischen und vor allem mit den sozioökonomischen Veränderungen in Spanien und besonders im Baskenland des 19. Jahrhunderts zu befassen. Neben einer theoretischen Betrachtung des Phänomens „Nationalismus“ im ersten Kapitel, analysiere ich im zweiten Kapitel die unterschiedlichen Identitäten, die im Baskenland heute vorhanden sind. Die Gründe dafür, dass sich ein Teil als nationalistisch - und somit als Befürworter der Unabhängigkeit - und ein anderer Teil als diesem Projekt diametral entgegengesetzt sieht, sind im Wechsel Spaniens vom Absolutismus zu einer liberalen Ordnung im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts zu finden. Im dritten Kapitel befasse ich mich mit dem Baskenland im Ancien Régime und versuche die privilegierte Stellung der Basken im damaligen spanischen Imperium herauszuarbeiten. Denn erst der Verlust dieser Sonderstellung - dies gilt vor allem für Adel und Bevölkerung ausserhalb der grossen Metropolen - verbunden mit dem wirtschaflichen Niedergang dieser Schichten, lässt den Wunsch nach Unabhängigkeit und der mit ihr imaginierten Rückkehr in diese vermeintlich bessere Vergangenheit verstehen. Im vierten Kapitel arbeite ich die politischen und sozioökonomischen Veränderungen zwischen der Französischen Revolution und der voll einsetzenden Industrialisierung des Baskenlandes im letzten Viertel des 19. Jahrhunderts heraus. Das fünfte Kapitel befasst sich mit einer zweiten Industrialisierungsphase ab Ende der 1950er Jahre und dem mit ihr verbundenen In-Erscheinung-Treten der ETA. Das sechste und letzte Kapitel erörtert die Gründe für das Fortdauern des Konflikts und beleuchtet die Rolle der verschiedenen, heute noch relevanten Akteure.
Promuovere con successo competenze digitali per anziani. Suggerimenti e raccomandazioni per chi offre corsi.
Creators: name: Speck, Sarah
name: Kortmann, Lisa Katharina
name: Wallimann, Miriam
name: Misoch, Sabina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Le competenze digitali sono oggi indispensabili; esistono numerosi corsi che le supportano e le promuovono. Questo factsheet fornisce raccomandazioni per chi offre corsi in Svizzera nel campo della promozione delle competenze digitali per individui 50+.
Deep Tactile Experience: Estimating Tactile Sensor Output from Depth Sensor Data
Creators: name: Patel, Karankumar
name: Iba, Soshi
name: Jamali, Nawid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tactile sensing is inherently contact based. To use tactile data, robots need to make contact with the surface of an object. This is inefficient in applications where an agent needs to make a decision between multiple alternatives that depend the physical properties of the contact location. We propose a method to get tactile data in a non-invasive manner. The proposed method estimates the output of a tactile sensor from the depth data of the surface of the object based on past experiences. An experience dataset is built by allowing the robot to interact with various objects, collecting tactile data and the corresponding object surface depth data. We use the experience dataset to train a neural network to estimate the tactile output from depth data alone. We use GelSight tactile sensors, an image-based sensor, to generate images that capture detailed surface features at the contact location. We train a network with a dataset containing 578 tactile-image to depthmap correspondences. Given a depth-map of the surface of an object, the network outputs an estimate of the response of the tactile sensor, should it make a contact with the object. We evaluate the method with structural similarity index matrix (SSIM), a similarity metric between two images commonly used in image processing community. We present experimental results that show the proposed method outperforms a baseline that uses random images with statistical significance getting an SSIM score of 0.84 +/- 0.0056 and 0.80 +/- 0.0036, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in the 2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2020)
Where lies the peak of the brown dwarf binary separation distribution ?
Creators: name: Joergens, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for companions of brown dwarfs by direct imaging probe mainly orbital separations > 3-10 AU. On the other hand, previous radial velocity surveys of brown dwarfs are mainly sensitive to separations smaller than 0.6 AU. It has been speculated if the peak of the separation distribution of brown dwarf binaries lies right in the unprobed range. Very recent work for the first time extends high-precision radial velocity surveys of brown dwarfs out to 3 AU (Joergens 2008, A&A). Based on more than six years UVES/VLT spectroscopy the binary frequency of brown dwarfs and (very) low-mass stars (M4.25-M8) in ChaI was determined: it is 18% for the whole sample and 10% for the subsample of ten brown dwarfs and VLMS (M < 0.1 Msun). Two spectroscopic binaries were confirmed, these are the brown dwarf candidate ChaHa8, and the low-mass star CHXR74. Since their orbital separations appear to be 1 AU or greater, the binary frequency at < 1 AU might be less than 10%. Now for the first time companion searches of (young) brown dwarfs cover the whole orbital separation range and the following observational constraints for models of brown dwarf formation can be derived: (i) the frequency of brown dwarf and very low-mass stellar binaries at < 3 AU is not significantly exceeding that at > 3 AU; i.e. direct imaging surveys do not miss a significant fraction of brown dwarf binaries; (ii) the overall binary frequency of brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars is 10-30 %; (iii) the decline of the separation distribution of brown dwarfs towards smaller separations seem to occur between 1 and 3 AU; (iv) the observed continuous decrease of the binary frequency from the stellar to the substellar regime is confirmed at < 3 AU providing further evidence for a continuous formation mechanism from low-mass stars to brown dwarfs.
description: Proceedings article of the conference 'Cool Stars 15' held July 2008 in St. Andrews
Rezension: Librairie Au Pont de l‘Europe. Die erste Exilbuchhandlung in Paris
Creators: name: Lenhart, Johanna
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: 1933 wurde die Librairie Au Pont de l’Europe als erste deutsche Exilbuchhandlung in Paris eröffnet. Johanna Lenhart rezensiert eine Spurensuche.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 2 (2019): 2/2019 - Freies Heft
ФАВҚУЛОДДА ВАСИЯТНОМА ВА УНИНГ ЎЗИГА ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Кучимова, Шаҳло
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ушбу мақолада фавқулодда васиятнома институтининг ҳуқуқий моҳияти, унинг фуқаролик ҳуқуқидаги ўрни ва аҳамияти таҳлил қилинади. Муаллиф фавқулодда васиятномани тузиш шартлари, унинг шакллари ҳамда қонуний кучга эга бўлиши учун зарур бўлган процессуал талабларни ўрганади. Шунингдек, мақолада фавқулодда васиятномаларнинг бошқа васиятномаларга нисбатан ўзига хос жиҳатлари ёритилиб, уларнинг ҳуқуқий оқибатлари таҳлил қилинади. Миллий қонунчилик ва хорижий тажриба асосида ушбу институтни такомиллаштириш бўйича фикр-мулоҳазалар билдирилади. Муаллиф фавқулодда васиятномалар билан боғлиқ муаммоларни кўрсатиб ўтиб, уларни бартараф этиш бўйича таклифлар беради. Мазкур мақола фуқаролик ҳуқуқи соҳаси мутахассислари, ҳуқуқшунос олимлар ҳамда амалиётчилар учун фойдали бўлиши мумкин.
Spectroscopic variations in Delta Delphini and V 1668 Cygni
Creators: name: Yang, Stephenson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A new version of Reticent, a command language to manipulate digital spectroscopic data, has been developed and applied to the analysis of time series of spectra. Observations of the Ca II 8498A and 8542A line profiles of Delta Delphini indicate variations in the radial velocity with an amplitude of about 8 kms⁻¹. The radial velocity variations were accompanied by variations in the depth of the line profiles. Observations of the H alpha emission line profile of Nova Cygni 1978 (V1668 Cygni) indicate that the continuum level declined by 0.46 magnitude between JD2443769.9 and JD2443770.8. The P. Cygni profile of the diffuse enhanced system appeared between JD2443769.9 and JD2443770.7. The absorption feature of the P. Cygni profile had a velocity of -960 kms⁻¹. Variations in the continuum level with an amplitude of 0.04; magnitude were detected between JD2443770.70 and JD2443770.97. The variations in the continuum level were accompanied by variations in the shape of the H alpha emission line profile.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Symposium Organization
Creators: name: Lu, Pinyan
name: Zhang, Guochuan
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Symposium Organization
subject: Theory of computation
subject: Theory of computation → Models of computation
subject: Theory of computation → Computational complexity and cryptography
subject: Theory of computation → Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
subject: Theory of computation → Theory and algorithms for application domains
subject: Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Symposium Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 149, 30th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2019), pages 0:i-0:xvi
Medienmanipulation im Zeitalter ihrer technischen Reproduzierbarkeit
Creators: name: Windegger, Rene
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Der Beitrag von Rene Windegger behandelt das Schwerpunktthema zu Fake News, Manipulation und Propaganda von verschiedenen Seiten her, indem er anhand von drei historischen Beispielen die Grenze von Wahrheit und Lüge sowie von Original und Fälschung diskutiert. Dabei handelt er von Orson Welles’ Radioproduktion Krieg der Welten, analysiert anhand der Embedded Journalists des Dritten Golfkriegs das Problem der unabhängigen Information und verweist auf eine gravierende Bildretusche, welche die Seenotretterin Carola Racket hätte diffamieren sollen. Insgesamt steht damit das aktuelle Dispositiv der Informationsmanipulation deutlich vor Augen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 3 (2019): 3/2019 - Propaganda, Manipulation und "Fake News"
A global autocorrelation study after the first Auger data: impact on the number density of UHECR sources
Creators: name: Cuoco, A.
name: Hannestad, S.
name: Haugboelle, T.
name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Serpico, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an autocorrelation study of the Auger data with the aim to constrain the number density n_s of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) sources, estimating at the same time the effect on $n_s$ of the systematic energy scale uncertainty and of the distribution of UHECR. The use of global analysis has the advantage that no biases are introduced, either in n_s or in the related error bar, by the a priori choice of a single angular scale. The case of continuous, uniformly distributed sources is nominally disfavored at 99% C.L. and the fit improves if the sources follow the large-scale structure of matter in the universe. The best fit values obtained for the number density of proton sources are within a factor ~2 around n_s ~ 10^{-4}/Mpc^3 and depend mainly on the Auger energy calibration scale, with lower densities being preferred if the current scale is correct. The data show no significant small-scale clustering on scales smaller than a few degrees. This might be interpreted as a signature of magnetic smearing of comparable size, comparable with the indication of a ~3 degrees magnetic deflection coming from cross-correlation results. The effects on the above results of some approximations done is also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; v2: added discussions on the role of the energy cut and the chemical composition; to appear in ApJ
On super-massive objects without event horizon
Creators: name: Verozub, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims to show the possibility of the existence of super-massive compact objects with radii less than the Schwarzschild one, which is one of the principal consequences of the author's geodesic-invariant gravitation equations (Ann. Phys. (Berlin), 17 (2008) 28). The physical interpretation of the solutions of the equations is based on the conclusion that only an aggregate "space-time geometry + used reference frame" has a physical sense.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Some additions have been made
Auditing Source Diversity Bias in Video Search Results Using Virtual Agents
Creators: name: Urman, Aleksandra
name: Makhortykh, Mykola
name: Ulloa, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We audit the presence of domain-level source diversity bias in video search results. Using a virtual agent-based approach, we compare outputs of four Western and one non-Western search engines for English and Russian queries. Our findings highlight that source diversity varies substantially depending on the language with English queries returning more diverse outputs. We also find disproportionately high presence of a single platform, YouTube, in top search outputs for all Western search engines except Google. At the same time, we observe that Youtube's major competitors such as Vimeo or Dailymotion do not appear in the sampled Google's video search results. This finding suggests that Google might be downgrading the results from the main competitors of Google-owned Youtube and highlights the necessity for further studies focusing on the presence of own-content bias in Google's search results.
Wir alle sind Armin Wolf
Creators: name: Bodingbauer, Lothar
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Lothar Bodingbauer versucht in seinem Beitrag vor Augen zu führen, wie Journalismus, der Wunsch nach Wahrheit, Gott, die Lüge und die Wissenschaft zusammenwirken. Dabei möchte er zeigen, dass all diese Momente ein komplexes menschliches Gemengelage bilden, in dem Fake News, Propaganda und Manipulation eine eminente Rolle spielen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 3 (2019): 3/2019 - Propaganda, Manipulation und "Fake News"
Simultaneous Confidence Corridors for Mean Functions in Functional Data Analysis of Imaging Data
Creators: name: Wang, Yueying
name: Wang, Guannan
name: Wang, Li
name: Ogden, R. Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by recent work involving the analysis of biomedical imaging data, we present a novel procedure for constructing simultaneous confidence corridors for the mean of imaging data. We propose to use flexible bivariate splines over triangulations to handle irregular domain of the images that is common in brain imaging studies and in other biomedical imaging applications. The proposed spline estimators of the mean functions are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal under some regularity conditions. We also provide a computationally efficient estimator of the covariance function and derive its uniform consistency. The procedure is also extended to the two-sample case in which we focus on comparing the mean functions from two populations of imaging data. Through Monte Carlo simulation studies we examine the finite-sample performance of the proposed method. Finally, the proposed method is applied to analyze brain Positron Emission Tomography (PET) data in two different studies. One dataset used in preparation of this article was obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.