cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bremsstrahlung gamma rays from light Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cirelli, Marco
name: Serpico, Pasquale D.
name: Zaharijas, Gabrijela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the often-neglected role of bremsstrahlung processes on the interstellar gas in computing indirect signatures of Dark Matter (DM) annihilation in the Galaxy, particularly for light DM candidates in the phenomenologically interesting O(10) GeV mass range. Especially from directions close to the Galactic Plane, the expected gamma-ray spectrum is altered via two effects: directly, by the photons emitted in the bremsstrahlung process on the interstellar gas by energetic electrons which are among the DM annihilation byproducts; indirectly, by the modification of the same electron spectrum, due to the additional energy loss process in the diffusion-loss equation (e.g. the resulting inverse Compton emission is altered). We quantify the importance of the bremsstrahlung emission in the GeV energy range, showing that it is the dominant component of the gamma-ray spectrum for some cases. We also find that, in regions in which bremsstrahlung dominates energy losses, the related gamma-ray emission is only moderately sensitive to possible large variations in the gas density. Still, we stress that, for computing precise spectra in the (sub-)GeV range, it is important to obtain a reliable description of the inner Galaxy gas distribution as well as to compute self-consistently the gamma emission and the solution to the diffusion-loss equation. For example, these are crucial issues to quantify and interpret meaningfully gamma-ray map `residuals' in terms of (light) DM annihilations.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; references added, changed to match the published version
Downlink Training Techniques for FDD Massive MIMO Systems: Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Training with Memory
Creators: name: Choi, Junil
name: Love, David J.
name: Bidigare, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of deploying a large number of antennas at the base station, often called massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), has drawn considerable interest because of its potential ability to revolutionize current wireless communication systems. Most literature on massive MIMO systems assumes time division duplexing (TDD), although frequency division duplexing (FDD) dominates current cellular systems. Due to the large number of transmit antennas at the base station, currently standardized approaches would require a large percentage of the precious downlink and uplink resources in FDD massive MIMO be used for training signal transmissions and channel state information (CSI) feedback. To reduce the overhead of the downlink training phase, we propose practical open-loop and closed-loop training frameworks in this paper. We assume the base station and the user share a common set of training signals in advance. In open-loop training, the base station transmits training signals in a round-robin manner, and the user successively estimates the current channel using long-term channel statistics such as temporal and spatial correlations and previous channel estimates. In closed-loop training, the user feeds back the best training signal to be sent in the future based on channel prediction and the previously received training signals. With a small amount of feedback from the user to the base station, closed-loop training offers better performance in the data communication phase, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is low, the number of transmit antennas is large, or prior channel estimates are not accurate at the beginning of the communication setup, all of which would be mostly beneficial for massive MIMO systems.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, to appear in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing on Signal Processing for Large-Scale MIMO Communications
title: Die Rolle des Semantic Web für Bibliotheken: Linked Open Data und mehr: Welche Strategien können hier die Bibliotheken in die Zukunft führen?
Creators: name: Zumstein, Philipp
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Das Semantic Web ist die Vision einer Erweiterung des World Wide Webs, so dass die Daten nicht nur für Menschen leicht verständlich dargestellt werden, sondern auch von Maschinen verwertbar sind. Mit einer entsprechenden Ausgestaltung von Links zwischen einzelnen Webressourcen wäre das Web als riesige, globale Datenbank nutzbar. Darin könnten dann Softwareagenten für uns auch komplexe Fragestellungen und Planungen bearbeiten. In dieser Arbeit soll gezeigt werden, dass jede Bibliothek interessante Daten für das Semantic Web hat und umgekehrt von ihm profitieren kann. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf möglichen Anwendungsszenarien mit dem speziellen Fokus beim Bibliothekswesen.
description: Perspektive Bibliothek, Bd. 1, Nr. 1 (2012), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Bände pro Jahr: 1
The role of responsive heterogeneity in sub-Saharan smallholder farming sustainability: socio-economic and biophysical determinants of mineral and organic fertilizers used in South Western Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Thiombiano, Boundia Alexandre
name: Le, Quang Bao
name: Ouédraogo, Denis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Sustainable soil nutrient management (SNM) is important for improving soil resources and food security in sub-Saharan African countries. Inherent livelihood diversity may lead to differences in household behavior in the adoption of SNM practices, thus challenging policy interventions uniformly implemented. This study aims at exploring the responsive heterogeneity in household behavior in the adoption of fertilizer use by farmers. Determinants of fertilizer uses were analyzed across different farm types. These farm types were identified from farm-household data collected in six villages in the South Western of Burkina Faso using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. Using multilinear and binary logistic models, determinants of mineral, organic and combined mineral-organic fertilizer uses were analyzed. The results revealed that the determinants of SMN adoption include not only common determinants to whole sampled population (income, household size, access to roads and cereal areas), but also specific determinants to farm types (small ruminants, animal power, educational level and access to agro-training). This finding suggests that policy interventions will not be effective if the responsive heterogeneity in SNM adoption behavior is not taken into account. The study recommends the use of the presented framework, as an approach, to identify functional farm types to be considered in SNM policies.
Weak lensing mass map and peak statistics in Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 survey
Creators: name: Shan, HuanYuan
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Comparat, Johan
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Charbonnier, Aldee
name: Erben, Thomas
name: Makler, Martin
name: Moraes, Bruno
name: Van Waerbeke, Ludovic
name: Courbin, Frederic
name: Meylan, Georges
name: Tao, Charling
name: Taylor, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a weak lensing mass map covering ~124 square degrees of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey (CS82). We study the statistics of rare peaks in the map, including peak abundance, the peak-peak correlation functions and the tangential-shear profiles around peaks. We find that the abundance of peaks detected in CS82 is consistent with predictions from a Lambda-CDM cosmological model, once noise effects are properly included. The correlation functions of peaks with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are well described by power laws, and there is a clear cross-correlation between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III/Constant Mass galaxies and high SNR peaks. The tangential-shear profiles around peaks increase with peak SNR. We fit analytical models to the tangential-shear profiles, including a projected singular isothermal sphere (SIS) model and a projected Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) model, plus a two-halo term. For the high SNR peaks, the SIS model is rejected at ~3-sigma. The NFW model plus a two-halo term gives more acceptable fits to the data. Some peaks match the positions of optically detected clusters, while others are relatively dark. Comparing dark and matched peaks, we find a difference in lensing signal of a factor of 2, suggesting that about half of the dark peaks are false detections.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, Published in MNRAS
Symmetry Protected Topological Charge in Symmetry Broken Phase: Spin-Chern, Spin-Valley-Chern and Mirror-Chern Numbers
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chern number is a genuine topological number. On the other hand, a symmetry protected topological (SPT) charge is a topological number only when a symmetry exists. We propose a formula for the SPT charge as a derivative of the Chern number in terms of the Green function in such a way that it is valid and related to the associated Hall current even when the symmetry is broken. We estimate the amount of deviation from the quantized value as a function of the strength of the broken symmetry. We present two examples. First, we consider Dirac electrons with the spin-orbit coupling on honeycomb lattice, where the SPT charges are given by the spin-Chern, valley-Chern and spin-valley-Chern numbers. Though the spin-Chern charge is not quantized in the presence of the Rashba coupling, the deviation is estimated to be $10^{-7}$ in the case of silicene, a silicon cousin of graphene. Second, we analyze the effect of the mirror-symmetry breaking of the mirror-Chern number in a thin-film of topological crystalline insulator.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Wbm0076, a candidate effector protein of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi, disrupts eukaryotic actin dynamics
Creators: name: Mills, MK
name: McCabe, LG
name: Rodrigue, EM
name: Lechtreck, KF
name: Starai, VJ
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Brugia malayi, a parasitic roundworm of humans, is colonized by the obligate intracellular bacterium, Wolbachia pipientis. The symbiosis between this nematode and bacterium is essential for nematode reproduction and long-term survival in a human host. Therefore, identifying molecular mechanisms required by Wolbachia to persist in and colonize B. malayi tissues will provide new essential information regarding the basic biology of this endosymbiosis. Wolbachia utilize a Type IV secretion system to translocate so-called “effector” proteins into the cytosol of B. malayi cells to promote colonization of the eukaryotic host. However, the characterization of these Wolbachia secreted proteins has remained elusive due to the genetic intractability of both organisms. Strikingly, expression of the candidate Wolbachia Type IV-secreted effector protein, Wbm0076, in the surrogate eukaryotic cell model, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resulted in the disruption of the yeast actin cytoskeleton and inhibition of endocytosis. Genetic analyses show that Wbm0076 is a member of the family of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome proteins (WAS [p]), a well-conserved eukaryotic protein family required for the organization of actin skeletal structures. Thus, Wbm0076 likely plays a central role in the active cell-to-cell movement of Wolbachia throughout B. malayi tissues during nematode development. As most Wolbachia isolates sequenced to date encode at least partial orthologs of wBm0076, we find it likely that the ability of Wolbachia to directly manipulate host actin dynamics is an essential requirement of all Wolbachia endosymbioses, independent of host cell species.
title: Zugangsregelungen zu Archivgut in den Archivgesetzen des Bundes und der Länder
Creators: name: Ittner, Stefan
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die Zugangsregeln zu Archivgut in den Archivgesetzen des Bundes und der Länder. Der Zugang zu Archivgut erfolgt dabei grundsätzlich im Spannungsfeld zwischen Informationsrechten und Forschungsfreiheit auf der einen Seite und einschränkenden Rechtsnormen des Personen- und Datenschutzes auf der anderen Seite. Nach einem kurzen historischen Abriss über die Entwicklung der Archivgesetzgebung in Deutschland wird zunächst auf einige allgemeine Gesichtspunkte des Zugangs (z.B. „Jedermann-Recht“) und mögliche Versagensgründe einer Archivbenutzung eingegangen. Anschließend wird ein Überblick über die Schutzfristen und Möglichkeiten ihrer Verkürzung für die verschiedenen Klassen von Archivgut (allgemein, personenbezogen sowie Geheimhaltungsvorschriften unterliegend) gegeben, bei dem auch auf die Auswirkungen der Informationsfreiheitsgesetze auf die Archivnutzung eingegangen wird. Als Ergebnis lässt sich feststellen, dass die Novellierungen der Archivgesetze in den letzten Jahren eine Erleichterung des Zugangs mit sich brachten. Andererseits herrscht in Deutschland nach wie vor große Heterogenität bei den Schutz- und Sperrfristen sowie den Möglichkeiten ihrer Verkürzung vor. Das Ideal eines einheitlichen und nachvollziehbaren Zugang zu Archivgut auch über Ländergrenzen hinweg ist somit noch lange nicht erreicht.
description: Perspektive Bibliothek, Bd. 1, Nr. 1 (2012), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Bände pro Jahr: 1
Electronic structure and magnetism of new scandium-based full Heusler compounds: Sc2CoZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn)
Creators: name: Birsan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First principles FPLAPWcalculations were performed in the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT), to study the electronic structures and magnetic properties for the new full-Heusler compounds: Sc2CoZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn). The investigated materials are stable against decomposition, in ferromagnetic configuration and crystallize in the inverse Heusler structures. The half-metallic properties as function of the variation of unit cell volumes are analysed regarding the fourth main group constituent elements. The electronic structure calculations for Sc2CoSi and Sc2CoSn show half-metallic characters, with indirect band gaps of 0.544 eV and 0.408 eV at optimized lattice parameters of 6.28 A and 6.62 A, respectively. For Sc2CoGe compound, the Fermi energy is not pinned inside the energy band gap from minority density of states, neither for unit cell contraction or for enlargement. The calculated total magnetic moments are 1muB/f.u., for all compounds, in agreement with Slater-Pauling rule.
Spin squeezing and EPR entanglement of two bimodal condensates in state-dependent potentials
Creators: name: Kurkjian, Hadrien
name: Pawlowski, Krzysztof
name: Treutlein, Philipp
name: Sinatra, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze a scheme to entangle the collective spin states of two spatially separated bimodal Bose-Einstein condensates. Using a four-mode approximation for the atomic field, we show that elastic collisions in a state-dependent potential simultaneously create spin-squeezing in each condensate and entangle the collective spins of the two condensates. We investigate mostly analytically the non-local quantum correlations that arise in this system at short times and show that Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement is generated between the condensates. At long times we point out macroscopic entangled states and explain their structure. The scheme can be implemented with condensates in state-dependent microwave potentials on an atom chip.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Existence, uniqueness and decay rates for evolution equations on trees
Creators: name: Del Pezzo, Leandro M.
name: Mosquera, Carolina A.
name: Rossi, Julio D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35K55, 91A22

description: We study evolution equations governed by an averaging operator on a directed tree, showing existence and uniqueness of solutions. In addition we find conditions of the initial condition that allows us to find the asymptotic decay rate of the solutions as $t\to \infty$. It turns out that this decay rate is not uniform, it strongly depends on how the initial condition goes to zero as one goes down in the tree.
description: 11 pages. Keywords: Evolution equations, averaging operators, decay estimates. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1303.6521
Students who are non-users of their academic library: A scoping review
Creators: name: Brunskill, Amelia
name: Hanneke, Rosie
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Studies of university students who are non-users of their academic libraries could provide valuable insights to libraries, yet the extent of the research on this topic remains largely unexplored. This scoping review provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of the research literature in this area, exploring how authors have defined, researched, and addressed the phenomenon of non-users. A search for relevant studies was conducted using bibliographic databases, grey literature searching, and citation tracing. From 1864 records, 69 publications were identified for inclusion. Analysis of the included publications revealed a wide array of definitions for non-users and reasons for non-use. An overwhelming majority of studies (88%) included a survey or questionnaire, most described only a single mode of recruitment, and there was a surprising dearth of information gathered about the non-users themselves. There is currently still much to be learned about students who do not use their academic library and their reasons for non-use. Further qualitative research focused on the needs and motivations of non-users could allow for more nuanced segmentation within this group, and inform libraries' outreach and development efforts.
USE AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Creators: name: Atametova, Nigora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The role and importance of digital technology in ensuring the quality of higher education is listed in the article. Factors that have a positive effect on the quality and efficiency of education are analyzed. The analysis of the unique aspects of the use of traditional and digital pedagogy in the educational process is described. The problems of creating a digital educational environment are considered.
Weyl semimetals with short-range interactions
Creators: name: Maciejko, Joseph
name: Nandkishore, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a low-energy effective field theory of electrons interacting via short-range interactions in a Weyl semimetal and investigate possible broken-symmetry ground states through an unbiased one-loop renormalization group (RG) analysis. Using the symmetries of the noninteracting Weyl semimetal to constrain the form of the interaction term leads to four independent coupling constants. We investigate the stability of RG flows towards strong coupling and find a single stable trajectory. In order to determine the most likely broken-symmetry ground state, we calculate susceptibilities in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels along this trajectory and find that the leading instability is towards a fully gapped spin-density wave (SDW) ground state. The sliding mode of this SDW couples to the external electromagnetic fields like the Peccei-Quinn axion field of particle physics. We also study a maximally symmetric toy model of an interacting Weyl semimetal with a single independent coupling constant. The most likely ground states in this case are either gapless ferromagnetic states where the spin waves couple to the Weyl fermions like the spatial components of a (possibly chiral) gauge field, or a fully gapped spin-singlet Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconducting state.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. B
RESPONSE - ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TRIALS
Creators: name: SCARALE, MARIA GIOVANNA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The question we posed at the beginning of this thesis was whether, in the presence of a clinical superiority of one of two possible treatments, it was possible to find an appropriate statistical methodology that would allow us to reach this goal. We were thus led to explore many possibilities to carry out this analysis and randomly assign patients to the two treatments, as required by the particular nature of these experiments. Specifically, we made a close examination of the methods of randomization, especially appreciating the flexibility of the adaptive responses, and could see the strengths of urn models. We started with the study of the urn for excellence, Polya's urn. Next, we analyzed some extensions and generalizations, focusing especially on two kinds of urns with random reinforcement. We exposed the results obtained throughout simulations concerning the convergence of the proportion of the best treatment, which came from the comparison of the models studied. In the end, we showed how the urn model works in a real case, comparing two treatments with continuous response in one ICU trial on Melatonin. We'll see how the properties demonstrated in theory are confirmed in practice. The project ends by giving a hint of a new adaptive model that we have started to idealize in collaboration with the team of Prof. Parmigiani and Prof. Trippa of the "Biostatistics and Computational Biology" Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
GROWTH, LOCAL STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES, AND BAND ALIGNMENT AT SRTIO3-BASED ALL-OXIDE HETEROJUNCTIONS
Creators: name: GIAMPIETRI, ALESSIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: Recent advances in the growth of epitaxial oxide thin films have fostered a steady increase of research on oxide heterojunctions, which are now produced with unprecedented quality. Applications of these systems in the field of electronics, photovoltaics and photocatalysis strongly rely on the capability to master band gap engineering on the atomic scale. Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the substrate of choice commonly used in the production of all-oxide heterostructures, as in many cases these systems display a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) confined at the interface, such as in the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 junction. The band offsets at the interface determine on which of the constituent materials the 2DEG will be confined, and provide additional information on the degree of confinement as well, so the study of the band alignment in oxide-based heterostructures is of crucial importance. Novel properties and functionalities can be achieved upon substitution of LaAlO3 with other oxide materials, an example being the BiFeO3 perovskite. In fact, BiFeO3 is a multiferroic material, and a complete control of the BiFeO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure may allow the tuning of the 2DEG at the interface through the application of an external electric or magnetic field. A 2DEG is also observed in the Al2O3/SrTiO3 junction, which show electron mobilities greater than those previously measured in perovskite-based heterojunctions. Despite in many structures the 2DEG is not observed, different interesting applications can still be obtained, such as in the CuO/SrTiO3 heterostructure, which is a promising material for the production of solar cells and for photoelectrochemical water splitting applications. The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the growth of high quality BiFeO3/SrTiO3, Al2O3/SrTiO3 and CuO/SrTiO3 heterostructures by off-axis sputtering, and to provide a detailed analysis of the interface properties. The band alignment at the interface is thus measured and discussed for each of these materials.
Dark matter as a Bose--Einstein Condensate: the relativistic non-minimally coupled case
Creators: name: Bettoni, Dario
name: Colombo, Mattia
name: Liberati, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose--Einstein Condensates have been recently proposed as dark matter candidates. In order to characterise the phenomenology associated to such models, we extend previous investigations by studying the most general case of a relativistic BEC on a curved background including a non-minimal coupling to curvature. In particular, we discuss the possibility of a two phase cosmological evolution: a cold dark matter-like phase at the large scales/early times and a condensed phase inside dark matter halos. During the first phase dark matter is described by a minimally coupled weakly self-interacting scalar field, while in the second one dark matter condensates and, we shall argue, develops as a consequence the non-minimal coupling. Finally, we discuss how such non-minimal coupling could provide a new mechanism to address cold dark matter paradigm issues at galactic scales.
description: 24 pages, three figures added, extended phenomenology, version accepted for publication on JCAP
Predicting and Rationalizing the Soret Coefficient of Binary Lennard-Jones Mixtures in the Liquid State
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Nils E. R.
name: Guevara-Carrion, Gabriela
name: Vrabec, Jadran
name: Hansen, Niels
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Green–Kubo formalism
subject: Lennard-Jones potential
subject: molecular simulation
subject: non-equilibrium molecular dynamics
subject: Soret coefficient
subject: thermodynamic models
subject: thermodiffusion

description: The thermodiffusion behavior of binary Lennard-Jones mixtures in the liquid state is investigated by combining the individual strengths of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) and equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations. On the one hand, boundary-driven NEMD simulations are useful to quickly predict Soret coefficients because they are easy to set up and straightforward to analyze. However, careful interpolation is required because the mean temperature in the measurement region does not exactly reach the target temperature. On the other hand, EMD simulations attain the target temperature precisely and yield a multitude of properties that clarify the microscopic origins of Soret coefficient trends. An analysis of the Soret coefficient suggests a straightforward dependence on the thermodynamic properties, whereas its dependence on dynamic properties is far more complex. Furthermore, a limit of applicability of a popular theoretical model, which mainly relies on thermodynamic data, was identified by virtue of an uncertainty analysis in conjunction with efficient empirical Soret coefficient predictions, which rely on model parameters instead of simulation output. Finally, the present study underscores that a combination of predictive models and EMD and NEMD simulations is a powerful approach to shed light onto the thermodiffusion behavior of liquid mixtures.
ABLAZIONE DEI ROTORI NELLA FIBRILLAZIONE ATRIALE NON PAROSSISTICA
Creators: name: GIANNI, CAROLA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Background Focal impulse and rotor modulation (FIRM)-guided ablation targets sites that are thought to sustain atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective We sought to evaluate the acute and mid-term outcomes of rotors-only ablation in patients with non-paroxysmal AF. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients with persistent and long-standing persistent (LSP) AF to undergo FIRM-guided only ablation. We evaluated acute procedural success (defined as AF termination, organization or ?10 % slowing), safety (incidence of peri-procedural complications) and success at follow-up (single-procedure freedom from atrial tachycardia [AT]/AF off antiarrhythmic drugs [AADs] after a 2-months blanking period).
Quasi-resonant neutralization of He+ ions at a germanium surface
Creators: name: Goebl, D.
name: Roth, D.
name: Primetzhofer, D.
name: Monreal, R. C.
name: Abad, E.
name: Putz, A.
name: Bauer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When low-energy He ions are scattered from a Ge surface, the fraction of positive ions exhibits characteristic oscillations as a function of ion energy. These oscillations are caused by quasi-resonant neutralization (qRN), a process which can be observed for materials with a narrow band nearly resonant with the unperturbed He-1s level. In the present manuscript, we employ recently developed theoretical methods to extract quantitative information on the efficiency of qRN. Our evaluation reveals that qRN is a highly efficient process leading to ion fractions two orders of magnitude lower than in systems for which neutralization is only due to Auger processes.
description: Removed typos. Improved clarity of some passages. Minor changes in section IV, first and last paragraph
CFD modelling of a wave-mixed bioreactor with complex geometry and two degrees of freedom motion
Creators: name: Seidel, Stefan
name: Maschke, Rüdiger W.
name: Kraume, Matthias
name: Eibl, Regine
name: Eibl, Dieter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: 3D-Scan
subject: bioengineering characterization
subject: CELL-tainer
subject: computational fluid dynamics
subject: mixing time
subject: motion capturing
subject: oxygen mass transfer coefficient
subject: specific power input

description: Optimizing bioprocesses requires an in-depth understanding, from a bioengineering perspective, of the cultivation systems used. A bioengineering characterization is typically performed via experimental or numerical methods, which are particularly well-established for stirred bioreactors. For unstirred, non-rigid systems such as wave-mixed bioreactors, numerical methods prove to be problematic, as often only simplified geometries and motions can be assumed. In this work, a general approach for the numerical characterization of non-stirred cultivation systems is demonstrated using the CELL-tainer bioreactor with two degree of freedom motion as an example. In a first step, the motion is recorded via motion capturing, and a 3D model of the culture bag geometry is generated via 3D-scanning. Subsequently, the bioreactor is characterized with respect to mixing time, and oxygen transfer rate, as well as specific power input and temporal Kolmogorov length scale distribution. The results demonstrate that the CELL-tainer with two degrees of freedom outperforms classic wave-mixed bioreactors in terms of oxygen transport. In addition, it was shown that in the cell culture version of the CELL-tainer, the critical Kolmogorov length is not surpassed in any simulation.
RAQAMLI GIDROGEOLOGIK XARITA YARATISH USULLARINI TADQIQ QILISH
Creators: name: Hamidov, Fazliddin
name: Anorboyev, Erkin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Hozirgi vaqtda mamlakat iqtisodiyotining barcha sohalarining yagona fazoviy ma'lumotlarga bo'lgan ehtiyojining barqaror o'sishi kuzatilmoqda. Geologik, ya'ni fazoviy ma'lumotlarning zamonaviyligi, ishonchliligi va to'g'riligining ahamiyati shiddat bilan o'sib bormoqda[1].
Career entry motivations and teaching perceptions of science preservice teachers: a comparison of trends between Finland and South Korea
Creators: name: Kang, Jingoo
name: Kim, Heekyong
name: Lee, Bongwoo
name: Tolppanen, Sakari
name: Viljaranta, Jaana
name: George, Sindu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Many countries are facing a shortage of science teacher candidates; thus, it becomes increasingly important to understand science preservice teachers’ (PSTs’) career entry motivations because it plays an important role in attaining and retaining talented science teachers. This study therefore aims to explore and compare science PSTs’ motivations and perceptions about the teaching profession in different contexts and to understand the role of gender and study subjects regarding motivation. Data collected for this study from two countries, Finland and Korea, are analysed using latent mean analyses. According to the results, Korean PSTs indicate a lower level of confidence and satisfaction in their career choice than their Finnish counterparts. Female PSTs, when compared with male PSTs, perceive themselves to have lower levels of ability and interest in teaching and view a science teaching career as more difficult and demanding. Finally, the results show that biology major PSTs possess higher altruistic motivations than those with other science majors. Findings of the current study suggest that (1) science teacher candidates benefit from studying pure science before becoming involved in a teacher training programme, and (2) PSTs’ motivations and perceptions, especially females’ and non-biology PSTs’, need to be carefully monitored.
STOMATAL CARPENTER 1 CONTROLS STOMATA DEVELOPMENT BY AFFECTING SPEECHLES ACTIVITY
Creators: name: CASTORINA, GIULIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Stomata consist of two specialised epidermal cells termed guard cells (GCs) surrounding a pore, through which gas exchange can occur. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a dedicated cell lineage is initiated and undergoes a series of cell divisions to produce a stoma. A set of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulates the differentiation events through the lineage. The initiation and proliferation of stomatal lineage cells is controlled by the transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH), which drive the asymmetric division of meristemoid mother cell to originate a small triangular cell termed meristemoid. Which transcriptional events precede stomata lineage specification and are required for correct GC patterning, however, remain unclear. The DOF transcription factor STOMATAL CARPENTER 1 (SCAP1) has previously shown to be expressed in GC and involved in stomata function, by activating a set of GC?specific genes required for GC maturation and activity. We show that SCAP1 expression can also be observed in young leaf primordia, before any GC differentiation occurs. The study of transgenic plants carrying a proSCAP1:GUS-GFP transcriptional fusion coupled with quantitative PCR analyses indicate that SCAP1 expression is maximal in a stomatal lineage competence domain, coincident with SPCH expression. We found that SCAP1 modulates stomata development; independent scap1 loss-of- function mutants show a reduced number of GCs whilst SCAP1 over expression lines have an increased number of GCs in addition to altered GC distribution and spacing patterns. Confocal imaging of SPCH-GFP protein in a background carrying inducible SCAP1 shows that SCAP1 activation results in an increased number of nuclei expressing SPCH-GFP. Our results suggest an early role for SCAP1 in GC differentiation through SPCH protein stabilization. SCAP1 may thus link different aspects of GC biology including specification, maturation and function.
Environmental factors associated with the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in wild boar (Sus scrofa)
Creators: name: Günther, Taras
name: Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
name: Fuhrmann, Marcel
name: Belik, Vitaly
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 577 Ökologie
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: One Health
subject: wildlife
subject: spatial analysis
subject: E. coli

description: Antimicrobial resistances (AMR) in bacteria, such as ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli, are a burden to human and animal health. This burden is mainly driven by the consumption and release of antimicrobial substances into the environment. The pollution and contamination of habitats by AMR in bacteria and antimicrobial substances can lead to the transmission of bacterial AMR to wildlife. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the transmission cycle of antibiotics and resistant bacteria between humans, and animals as well as their occurrences in the environment. Environmental factors associated with the occurrence of bacterial AMR in wildlife can lead to a better understanding of the distribution of bacterial AMR in humans and animals using One Health approaches. Here, we analyzed data gathered in the framework of the German zoonoses monitoring program in 2016 and 2020 using spatiotemporal statistics to identify relevant environmental factors (e.g., livestock density, climatic variables, and human density) in association with the spatial distribution of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli. For this purpose, we developed a generic data integration and analysis pipeline to link spatially explicit environmental factors to the monitoring data. Finally, we built a binomial generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to determine the factors associated with the spatial distribution of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli. In 2016 and 2020, 807 fecal samples from hunted wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) were randomly taken in 13 federal states and selectively analyzed for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli. Forty-eight isolates were identified in 12 German federal states, with an overall prevalence of 6%. We observed an almost three times higher probability of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolates in wild boar in counties with high cattle densities (OR = 2.57, p ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, we identified a seasonal effect in areas with high precipitation during the off-hunting seasons (OR = 2.78, p = 0.025) and low precipitation throughout the years (OR = 0.42, p = 0.025). However, due to the low amount of identified isolates, confidence intervals were wide, indicating a high level of uncertainty. This suggests that further studies on smaller scales need to be conducted with multiannual data and improved metadata, e.g., on the location, the hunting procedure, and species characteristics to be collected during field sampling.
Longitudinal imaging of individual olfactory sensory neurons in situ
Creators: name: Zak, JD
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Olfactory sensory neurons are found deep within the nasal cavity at a spatially restricted sheet of sensory epithelium. Due to their location behind the nasal turbinates, accessing these cells for physiological measurements in living animals is challenging, and until recently, not possible. As a further complication, damage to the overlying bone on the dorsal surface of the snout disrupts the negative pressure distribution throughout the nasal cavities, which fundamentally alters how odorants are delivered to the sensory epithelium and the inherent mechanosensory properties of olfactory sensory neurons in live animals. The approach described here circumvents these limitations and allows for optical access to olfactory sensory neurons in mice across time scales ranging from days to months.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to $HZW^{\pm}$ production at 14 TeV LHC
Creators: name: Liu, Ning
name: Ren, Jie
name: Yang, Bingfang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the precise study of Higgs gauge couplings is important to test the Standard Model (SM), we calculate the complete next-to-leading order QCD(NLO QCD) correction to the $pp \to HZW^{\pm}$ production in the SM at 14 TeV LHC. Our results show that the NLO QCD correction can enhance the leading-order cross section of $pp \to HZW^{\pm}$ by 45%, when $ m_H $ = 125.3 GeV. We also study the dependence of the LO and NLO corrected cross sections on the renormalization and factorization scale $μ$. Besides, due to the unbalance of parton distribution functions, we investigate the charge asymmetry of $W^{\pm}$ in the production of $pp\to HZW^{\pm}$, which can reach 32.94% for $μ=(m_H+m_Z+m_W)/2$ at 14 TeV LHC.
description: discussions added, accepted by Physics Letters B
ROLE OF EXCITATORY SEROTONERGIC SIGNALING IN THE PATHWAY-SPECIFIC NEUROMODULATION OF STRIATAL SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY
Creators: name: GRITTI, MARTA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The dorsolateral striatum (DLS) of the basal ganglia plays a critical role in action selection and motor control. The DLS receives cortical and thalamic afferents, which are extensively modulated by monoaminergic inputs, such as dopamine and serotonin (5-HT). Dopamine and 5-HT act as circuit neuromodulators by activating both stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) protein-coupled receptors that regulate synaptic mechanisms of plasticity. On a system level, 5-HT signal has been classically associated with learning of negative events, acting as an opponent of dopamine regulation of rewarding processes. Recent evidence has challenged this view, suggesting that 5HT signaling can synergize with dopamine signaling to shape reward-guided behavior. However, the molecular and synaptic correlates of this behavioral role of 5-HT at striatal circuits remain to be established. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the role of serotonergic signaling in regulating the strength of glutamatergic synaptic connections to the Medium Spiny Neurons of the direct pathway (dMSNs), which mediate movement, reward and reinforcement. Specifically, we focused on the regulation of distinct forms of long-term synaptic plasticity that depend on both the relative timing of a neuron output and an input spike (Spike timing-dependent plasticity, STDP), and on the pattern of neuronal stimulation (high-frequency stimulation, HFS). Upon a STDP protocol, the chemo-genetic inhibition of 5-HT release resulted in a long lasting depression (STDP-LTD) of glutamatergic afferents to the dMSNs of the DLS. The synaptic effects of chemo-genetic inhibition of 5-HT release were recapitulated by the pharmacological inhibition of the Gs-coupled 5-HT4 receptor subtype (5-HT4R). This form of LTD was independent from presynaptic CB1 receptor (CB1R) activation, it showed a postsynaptic locus of expression, and it was associated with an increased dendritic Ca2+ signal. We obtained similar results upon HFS; antagonism of 5-HT4R resulted in a CB1R independent form of HFS-LTD, which was associated with enhanced dendritic Ca2+ levels. Collectively, these data provide molecular and synaptic insights on the neuromodulatory role of 5-HT at striatal circuits. Dysfunctional serotonergic modulation of striatal circuits has been associated with repetitive behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Thus, elucidating how 5-HT4R manipulation affects aspects of reward-guided behavior, and how this is causally relevant for defined cognitive processes implicated in action control, could facilitate the development of new pharmacological approaches to treat OCD symptoms.
The Farrell-Jones Conjecture for virtually solvable groups
Creators: name: Wegner, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the K- and L-theoretic Farrell-Jones Conjecture (with coefficients in additive categories) for virtually solvable groups.
description: 42 pages
Evaluating students’ computation skills in learning amount of substance based on SOLO taxonomy in secondary schools
Creators: name: Tian, Peiyao
name: Fan, Yanhua
name: Sun, Daner
name: Li, Ye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: In upper-secondary chemistry education, the concept of ‘Amount of Substance’ occupies a central position within the computation framework. However, comprehending this concept often poses a challenge for students. To address this issue, our study aimed to design and implement a computation skills test to assess the varying levels of students’ computation skills in understanding Amount of Substance. The test was administered to a total of 214 first-year students at the secondary schools. To analyse the test scores and unveil students’ comprehensive and mastery levels of computation skills, the SOLO Taxonomy was employed for scoring the levels. Additionally, interviews were conducted to identify the underlying reasons for their learning difficulties. Findings revealed that the majority of students demonstrated proficiency in solving relatively straightforward problems and applying basic formulas. Only a small fraction of students reached the advanced relational level, showcasing their ability to apply chemical concepts and methodologies to solve complex problems. Moreover, students exhibited varying degrees of proficiency when dealing with different types of knowledge and problems associated with computations involving solutions and the quantification of microscopic particles. Interviews uncovered students’ major learning difficulties. These findings inform the teachers’ teaching of Amount of Substance in chemistry education.
AXBOROTNING SINTAKTIK, SEMANTIK VA PRAGMATIK O'LCHOV BIRLIKLARINI NAZARIY JIHATDAN O'RGANISH.
Creators: name: Mamadaliyev, Sharobiddin
name: Qodirov, Abdug'ulom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Axborot deganda biror modda yoki jarayonni tushunish kerak emas, balki anashu modda yoki jarayonni turli jihatlarini sonlar, formulalar, belgi yoki tushunchalar orqali tavsiflaydigan vakilni tushunish kerak. Hozirgi kunda axborot juda katta ahamiyatga ega. Inson faoliyatining hamma sohalarida axborotni qayta ishlaydi va bunda axborotning o'lchovlari kerak bo'ladi. Ushbu maqolada mana shu axborotning o'lchovlari haqida naziriy tushunchalarga izohlar keltirilgan.