cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noncommutative Schwarzschild Black Hole and Area Law
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
name: Modak, Sujoy Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a graphical analysis, we show that for the horizon radius $r_h\gtrsim 4.8\sqrtθ$, the standard semiclassical Bekenstein-Hawking area law for noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole exactly holds for all orders of $θ$. We also give the corrections to the area law to get the exact nature of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy when $r_h<4.8\sqrtθ$ till the extremal point $r_h=3.0\sqrtθ$.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, refs. added, minor modifications, to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Annual variations of the $^{214}$Po, $^{213}$Po and $^{212}$Po half-life values
Creators: name: Alexeev, E. N.
name: Gangapshev, A. M.
name: Gavrilyuk, Yu. M.
name: Gezhaev, A. M.
name: Kazalov, V. V.
name: Kuzminov, V. V.
name: Panasenko, S. I.
name: Petrenko, O. D.
name: Ratkevich, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a comparative analysis of the $^{214}$Po ($T_{1/2}= 163.47\pm0.03$ $μ$s), $^{213}$Po ($T_{1/2}=3.705 \pm 0.001$ $μ$s) and $^{212}$Po ($T_{1/2}=294.09\pm0.07$ ns) half-life annular variation parameters are presented. It is shown that two independent sequential sets of the $^{214}$Po $τ$-values $(τ\equiv T_{1/2})$ obtained in the spaced laboratories can be described by sinusoidal functions. The sinusoid curve with amplitude $A=(5.0 \pm1.5) \cdot 10^{-4}$, period $ω=(365\pm 8)$ days, and phase $ϕ=(170 \pm 7)$ days approximates the set of $^{214}$Po $τ$ values obtained at BNO INR RAS during the $\sim$973 days starting on January 4, 2012. The function approximates a set of $τ$-values with a time duration of $\sim1460$ days obtained at the KhNU has an amplitude $A=(4.9\pm1.8)\cdot10^{-4}$, a period $ω= (377\pm13)$ days and a phase $ϕ=(77\pm10)$ days. The $^{213}$Po $τ$-value set with a time duration of $\sim1700$ days can be described by a sinusoidal function with an amplitude $A=(3.9\pm1.2)\cdot10^{-4}$, a period $ω= (370\pm13)$ days and a phase $ϕ=(130\pm9)$ days. The $^{212}$Po $τ$-value set with a time duration of $\sim670$ days can be described by a sinusoidal function with an amplitude $A=(7.5\pm1.6)\cdot10^{-4}$, a period $ω= (375\pm13)$ days and a phase $ϕ=(40\pm10)$ days.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Prepared for the proceedings of The 5th International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (ICPPA-2020)
Mathematical model of brain tumour growth with drug resistance
Creators: name: Trobia, José
name: Tian, Kun
name: Batista, Antonio Marcos
name: Grebogi, Celso
name: Ren, Hai-Peng
name: Santos, Moises Souza
name: Protachevicz, Paulo Ricardo
name: Borges, Fernando da Silva
name: Szezech, José Danilo
name: Viana, Ricardo Luiz
name: Caldas, Iberê Luiz
name: Iarosz, Kelly Cristiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brain tumours are masses of abnormal cells that can grow in an uncontrolled way in the brain. There are different types of malignant brain tumours. Gliomas are malignant brain tumours that grow from glial cells and are identified as astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and ependymoma. We study a mathematical model that describes glia-neuron interaction, glioma, and chemotherapeutic agent. In this work, we consider drug sensitive and resistant glioma cells. We show that continuous and pulsed chemotherapy can kill glioma cells with a minimal loss of neurons.
title: A paediatric case of laryngeal tuberculosis
Creators: name: Escudero Fernández, José Miguel
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 10-year-old male patient presented to the paediatric emergency department with haemoptysis and a 2-month history of dysphonia, dysphagia, and odynophagia. Initial laboratory tests only showed raised C-reactive protein 5.11 mg/dL (0.03 - 0.50). The patient was treated with oral antibiotics and corticosteroids without resolution of his initial symptoms.

description: 10 years, male
Swift : a flexible framework for runtime performance tuning
Creators: name: Armstrong, Warren Haley
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: QA76.754.A76 2011
subject: Swift (Computer software)
subject: Kernal functions
subject: Data processing Evaluation
subject: Computer software Evaluation

description: Many computational kernels require extensive tuning to achieve optimal performance. The tuning process for some kernels must take into account the architecture on which they are executing, the input data that they are processing and the changing levels of contention for limited system resources. Maintaining performance in the face of such fluctuating influences requires kernels to continuously adapt. Swift is a software tool that performs this adaptation. It can be applied to many different target applications. Such an approach is more efficient than developing application-specific code for continuous tuning. Swift performs controlled experiments to gauge the performance of the target application. Results from these experiments are used to guide the execution of the target application. Swift performs periodic re-evaluations of the application and updates the application if environmental conditions or the internal state of the application have caused performance to degrade. The frequency of evaluation is scaled with its likely necessity -Swift performs few evaluations until it detects a potential performance degradation, at which point more detailed assessments are conducted. Swift is constructed using the DynInst library to modify and tune the executing kernel. The effectiveness of Swift depends on the computational expense of utilising this library. A suite of micro-benchmarks was developed to measure this expense. These benchmarks are not specific to Swift, and could guide the design of future DynInst-enabled applications. Swift was applied to tune sparse matrix-vector multiplication kernels. Tun{u00AC}ing such kernels requires selecting a matrix storage format and the associated multiplication algorithm. The choice of format depends on the characteristics of the matrix being multiplied as well as on prevailing system conditions and the number of multiplications being conducted. Swift was evaluated using both simulated environments and physical hardware. Simulated evaluation demonstrated that Swift could correctly select the best matrix format and could react to changing conditions. Evaluations on physical hardware demonstrated that automatic tuning was viable under certain conditions.
A comprehensive assessment of huntite ore formation
Creators: name: Özdemir, Adil
name: Sahinoglu, Alperen
Publisher: name: Periodico di Mineralogia
Year: 2024

description: The Çameli basin (Southwestern Turkey), economically important exploitable huntite ore deposits are located a basin. The huntite deposits in the basin are the largest known deposits in worldwide. In this study, new huntite outcrops were identified in northeastern of the basin and the samples from the outcrops were analyzed. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses were combined and comprehensive interpreted with literature studies. In the samples, average 70.4% huntite, 15.2% dolomite, and 14.4% larnite minerals were detected. Major element analysis showed an average of 28.62% MgO, 18.78% CaO, and 44.09% loss on ignition. Loss on ignition (LOI) values are 38.85-47.53%. CO2 values are 44.77% and 45.14%. In literature, huntite mineral is theoretically predicted to contain 34.15% MgO and 15.88% CaO. In the samples, the MgO values are 26.00-31.77% and CaO values are 18.50-19.66%. SrO values are 0.11-0.30%. Sr concentration in huntite indicates that Ca-rich karst waters play a role in huntite ore formation. The low SrO contents sign that the formation of huntite in Çameli basin is a result of the mixture of Mg-rich saline waters and small amounts of Ca-rich karstic waters from the basement. The results of the analyses, when compared with previous studies on huntite minerals, it is understood that all values are quite close to each other. Therefore, Mg- and Ca-rich solutions that precipitated during huntite ore formation played a role in releasing Sr on aragonite, which then precipitated together with Ca and Mg. This suggests that huntite is a product of the late meteoric phase and the primary mineral is aragonite. The results of this study indicate that huntite are an ore by carbonization of the altered serpentine according to SiO2-CaO-MgO contents.
description: Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. 93 No. 3 (2024)
Spitzer Observations of two TW Hydrae Association Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Riaz, Basmah
name: Gizis, John E.
name: Hmiel, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Spitzer Space Telescope observations of two TW Hydrae Association brown dwarfs, 2MASSW J1207334-393254 and 2MASSW J1139511-315921, in the IRAC and MIPS 24 micron bands. Based on their IRAC colors, we have classified them as Classical and Weak-line T Tauri stars, respectively. For 2MASSW J1207334-393254, we have found that a flat disk model fits the data very well. This brown dwarf shows the presence of warm (T > 100 K) circumstellar dust close (R < 0.2 AU) to it, and does not display any signs of cleansing of dust within several AU of the star. In comparison with other TWA members that show excess in IR, we suggest that there exists a different disk evolution/dust processing mechanism for stellar and sub-stellar objects. 2MASSW J1139511-315921 does not show any significant excess in any of the IRAC bands, but a small one at 24 micron, which is not significant enough to suggest the presence of warm dust around this star. It shows signs of dust cleansing in the inner several AU, similar to most of the other TWA members.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, published in ApJ
Defending the Network:  Visualizing Network Traffic for Intrusion Detection Analysis
Creators: name: Goodall, John R.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information Science (0723)
Computer Science (0984)
information visualization
intrusion detection
user-centered design
packet visualization
network security
work practice

description: Intrusion detection, the process of using computer network and system data to identify potential cyber attacks, has become an increasingly essential component of information security infrastructure. Due to the dynamic and complex nature of computer networks and the potential for inappropriate or self-damaging responses to potential attacks, intrusion detection systems are only effective when complemented by a human analyst. Human analysts utilize vast amounts of multi-dimensional data from disparate sources to make timely decisions about potential attacks. Yet, there is limited understanding of this critical human component. This research consisted of two interrelated components: a field study examining the work practices of these human analysts, and the user-centered design and evaluation of an information visualization tool for intrusion detection analysis grounded in the realities of analysts' work. ; The field study - consisting of interviews and a survey - resulted in a rich understanding of the practice of intrusion detection. This understanding informed the design of a new tool that takes advantage of humans' perceptual and analytic capabilities through an interactive, graphical data presentation. This visualization tool was iteratively developed and evaluated to support a specific, complex intrusion detection task: network traffic analysis. This tool, called Time-based Network Traffic Visualizer (TNV), graphically displays network traffic patterns between networked computers. The finding from the field study that analysts rely on situated knowledge - they must ""know their network"" to allow them to differentiate normal from abnormal behavior - resulted in a system design that facilitates learning this behavior. This design objective was furthered as a result of a formative usability evaluation, which resulted in a design change to emphasize analysts' home network. Another key finding was the disconnect in current tools between high-level overviews and low-level details, which required analysts to lose context when changing levels of analysis. This resulted in the design of TNV to underscore the importance of context by presenting high- and low-level details simultaneously. A summative evaluation demonstrated that users' could use TNV to examine the low-level details while preserving context to enable better performance than the currently used tools in overview and comparison tasks.
title: Free Objects in Constraint-logic Object-oriented Programming
Creators: name: Dageförde, Jan Christoph
name: Kuchen, Herbert
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 004 Computer science
subject: 330 Economics

description: Constraint-logic object-oriented programming is useful in the integrated development of business
software that occasionally solves constraint-logic problems. So far, work in constraint-logic objectoriented programming was limited to considering constraints that only involve logic variables of
primitive types; in particular, boolean, integer, and floating-point numbers. However, the availability
of object-oriented features calls for the option to use logic variables in lieu of objects as well.
Therefore, support for reference-type logic variables (or free objects) is required. With the present
work, we add support for reference-type logic variables to a Java-based constraint-logic objectoriented
language. Allowing free objects in statements and expressions results in novel interactions
with objects at runtime, for instance, non-deterministic execution of invocations on free objects
(taking arbitrary class hierarchies and overriding into account). In order to achieve this, we also
propose a dynamic type constraint that restricts the types of free objects at runtime.
description: Working Paper Sketch ..... 3
1 Programming with Free Objects ..... 4
2 Constraint-logic Object-oriented Programming with Muli ..... 5
2.1 Setting the Stage for Free Objects ..... 7
3 Method Invocations on Free Objects ..... 11
4 Field Access on Free Objects ..... 13
5 Other Operations on Free Objects ..... 14
5.1 Type Operations ..... 14
5.2 Equality ..... 15
6 Demonstration ..... 16
7 Related Work ..... 18
8 Concluding Remarks ..... 19
A Operational Semantics of Muli (Excerpt) ..... 20
B Implementation of Board and Queens ..... 22
References ..... 23
title: Spermatic cord liposarcoma
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Susana
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 60-year-old male patient presents with a slow-growing mass in the left inguinoscrotal region, painless, without inflammatory signs.

description: 60 years, male
Refraction of shear zones in granular materials
Creators: name: Unger, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study strain localization in slow shear flow focusing on layered granular materials. A heretofore unknown effect is presented here. We show that shear zones are refracted at material interfaces in analogy with refraction of light beams in optics. This phenomenon can be obtained as a consequence of a recent variational model of shear zones. The predictions of the model are tested and confirmed by 3D discrete element simulations. We found that shear zones follow Snell's law of light refraction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, jounal ref. added
Defacing of head CT scans using additive perturbation
Creators: name: Subramanian, Jayalakshmi
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012

description: This study developed new image processing algorithms for de-identifying the facial features of the patients undergoing head CT scans. Inter-laboratory sharing of CT image scans is commonly done through public data repositories to improve the diagnostic ability of the CT scans. However, public sharing of patient head CT scan data directly violates HIPAA regulations which classifies ""full-face photographic images and any comparable images"" as a protected health information (PHI). To ensure privacy of patient scans, we developed three new image-processing algorithms namely: shear defacing, image warping and digital mask method to deform the facial features in the scans. In particular, our digital mask method is based on hiding the face using a smoothed facemask made of skin-pixels. The ability of our digital algorithms in hiding the facial features is evaluated by applying the technique to CT image- sets of 29 patient subjects. A comparison metrics was developed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Results from our patient study showed that the smoothed digital mask method was applicable for de-identifying the patient faces. In future, this method could be incorporated to commercial and open-source CT reconstruction software to ensure protection of patient privacy while obtaining CT scans.
Spatiotemproal effects on squeezing measurements
Creators: name: Roux, Filippus S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the spatiotemporal degrees of freedom in the preparation and observation of squeezed photonic states, produced by parametric down-conversion, is investigated. The analysis is done with the aid of a functional approach under the semi-classical approximation and the thin-crystal approximation. It is found that the squeezed state loses its minimum uncertainty property as the efficiency of down-conversion is increased, in a way that depends on the conditions of the homodyne measurements with which the amount of squeezing is determined.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, comments welcome
title: Bilateral transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome
Creators: name: Bizimi, Vasiliki
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Arterial access
subject: Inflammation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 52-year-old female patient presented to ER complaining of right-neck pain, extending to the ipsilateral mandible. Clinical examination revealed sensitivity of the right-cervical region, with no obvious mass. Patient had a history of surgically removed breast tumour. Laboratory tests showed an elevated C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

description: 52 years, female
Rescuing Literati Aesthetics: Chen Hengke (1876-1923) and the Debate on the Westernization of Chinese Art
Creators: name: Lai, Kuo-Sheng
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1999

description: During the nineteenth century, China, which had always been an agricultural nation, suffered from the penetration of the industrialized Western Empires. With their much more sophisticated artillery, the West defeated China in many wars. The Chinese scholar-officials had always viewed foreigners as barbarians and were unwilling to learn from them. However, some of the scholar-officials sensed that China would languish without learning from the West and thus promoted westernization. This started the debate on westernization. Chen Hengke (1876-1923) was a traditional artist and art theorist, who lived to witness the decline of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the new Republic. At that time, many Chinese intellectuals such as Kang Youwei, Cai Yuanpei, Chen Duxiu, and Xu Beihong urged the westernization of Chinese painting. They thought that Chinese painting could not compete with Western painting in terms of the accurate rendering of nature, that is, realism. However, many traditional Chinese painters refuted the westernization of painting and defended traditional Chinese literati painting. Among the latter, Chen Hengke was one of the leading figures. He wrote "The Value of Literati Painting" to defend traditional painting. A Japanese art historian Omura Seigai also wrote a book The Revival of Literati Painting to defend Chinese literati painting. This thesis discusses the background of westernization, Chen Hengke' s life, his opinions on art, and how he defended Chinese painting.
title: Intralabyrinthine schwannomas
Creators: name: Hoste, xavier
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 60-year-old man comes to the otorhinolaryngologist with symptoms of pulsatile tinnitus and progressive sensorineural hearing loss at the left side. He had no history of otitis media or trauma in our hospital. An MRI was requested to exclude vascular, neural or bony lesions.

description: 60 years, male
Heuristic for Edge-enabled Network Slicing Optimization using the Power of Two Choices
Creators: name: Esteves, Jose Jurandir Alves
name: Boubendir, Amina
name: Guillemin, Fabrice
name: Sens, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an online heuristic algorithm for the problem of network slice placement optimization. The solution is adapted to support placement on large scale networks and integrates Edge-specific and URLLC constraints. We rely on an approach called the Power of Two Choices to build the heuristic. The evaluation results show the good performance of the heuristic that solves the problem in few seconds under a large scale scenario. The heuristic also improves the acceptance ratio of network slice placement requests when compared against a deterministic online Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solution.
title: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a 24-year-old woman
Creators: name: Griva, Nadezda
name: Gavrilov, Pavel
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Education and training
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: During an annual routine inspection, pathological findings in the lungs occurred in a fluoroscopy of a 24-years-old woman. The patient took a course of antibacterial therapy with no significant dynamics (Fig.1a,b). T-SPOT.TB (blood test for tuberculosis (TB) screening, also known as an interferon gamma release assay) was negative, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) test was negative. Pulmonary function tests showed moderate impairment of diffusion capacity without any restrictive impairment.

description: 24 years, female
New Discrete States in Two-Dimensional Supergravity
Creators: name: Polyakov, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional string theory is known to contain the set of discrete states that are the SU(2) multiplets generated by the lowering operator of the SU(2) current algebra.Their structure constants are defined by the area preserving diffeomorphisms in two dimensions. We show that the interaction of $d=2$ superstrings with the superconformal ghosts enlarges the algebra of dimension 1 currents and hence the new discrete states appear. These new states are the SU(N) multiplets, if the algebra includes the currents of ghost numbers from -N to N-2, not related by the picture-changing. We compute the structure constants of these new discrete states for N=3 and express them in terms of SU(3) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients,relating their operator algebra to the volume preserving diffeomorphisms in d=3. For general N, the algebra is conjectured to be isomorphic to SDiff(N). This points at possible holographic relations between 2d superstrings and field theories in higher dimensions.
description: 22 pages; typos corrected, 2 references added
Correlation analysis of yield components in winter wheat grown on less productive soil
Creators: name: Ljubičić, Nataša
name: Ivošević, Bojana
name: Popović, Vera
name: Buđen, Maša
name: Pajić, Miloš
name: , Dragana
name: , Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wheat, yield components, soil, correlations

description: INTRODUCTION: The less productive soils present one of the major problems in wheat production over the world. Considering the importance of wheat production, it is necessary to better utilize the less productive soils and to select wheat varieties that can be successfully grown on such soils. Since that the grain yield of wheat is complex and variable trait that depends on numerous yield components and environmental factors, individual characteristics of the plant, such as the number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, plant height and harvest index, are important in the formation of grain yield, especially in the stressful conditions of wheat cultivation. The investigation of variability and assessment the interrelationship of yield components could improve cultivar creation, selection and ability of a wheat cultivar to produce high and stable yield over a wide range of environments. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to estimate the mean values the yield components (the number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, plant height and harvest index) of ten winter wheat cultivars growing under stressful conditions of halomorphic soil, solonetz type, as well as, the correlations between them. METHOD / DESIGN: The field trial was carried out at solonetz soil type and consisted of control (solonetz without amelioration) and treatments with two levels of soil amelioration using phosphor gypsum in amounts of 25 and 50 tha−1 during two vegetation seasons. The experimental material in the study was comprised of ten Serbian winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.), chosen on the basis of their differences in yield and performance of several morpho-physiological traits. The relationship between grain yield components was determined by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) measuring strength of association between traits. RESULTS: Unfavorable environmental conditions in this study, type of soil and weather conditions, during wheat development decreased the mean values of the investigated components of wheat yield. Statistically significant and strong positive correlation was established between the grain weight per spike and the number of grains per spike in both seasons within each
Center-to-Limb Variation of Solar 3-D Hydrodynamical Simulations
Creators: name: Koesterke, L.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Lambert, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine closely the solar Center-to-Limb variation of continua and lines and compare observations with predictions from both a 3-D hydrodynamic simulation of the solar surface (provided by M. Asplund and collaborators) and 1-D model atmospheres. Intensities from the 3-D time series are derived by means of the new synthesis code ASSET, which overcomes limitations of previously available codes by including a consistent treatment of scattering and allowing for arbitrarily complex line and continuum opacities. In the continuum, we find very similar discrepancies between synthesis and observation for both types of model atmospheres. This is in contrast to previous studies that used a ``horizontally'' and time averaged representation of the 3-D model and found a significantly larger disagreement with observations. The presence of temperature and velocity fields in the 3-D simulation provides a significant advantage when it comes to reproduce solar spectral line shapes. Nonetheless, a comparison of observed and synthetic equivalent widths reveals that the 3-D model also predicts more uniform abundances as a function of position angle on the disk. We conclude that the 3-D simulation provides not only a more realistic description of the gas dynamics, but, despite its simplified treatment of the radiation transport, it also predicts reasonably well the observed Center-to-Limb variation, which is indicative of a thermal structure free from significant systematic errors.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (June 1, 2008)
CROSS-ORGANIZATIONAL KNOWLEDGE SHARING: INFORMATION REUSE IN SMALL ORGANIZATIONS
Creators: name: White, Kevin Forsyth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer Supported Collaborative Work
Cross-organizational
Human Factors
Information Reuse
Knowledge Management
Organizational Memory

description: Despite the potential value of leveraging organizational memory and expertise, small organizations have been unable to capitalize on its promised value. Existing solutions have largely side-stepped the unique needs of these organizations, which are relegated to systems designed to take advantage of large pools of experts or to use Internet sources that have little ability to bring high-value information that appropriately fits nuanced problems situated within the context of their organization. This dissertation research explores cross-organizational knowledge sharing as a method of filling the gap between expert-scarce but context plentiful intra-organizational memory systems and expert-plentiful but context scarce external systems. This research proposed a framework to bridge the gap between the extremes of internal memory systems and Internet-based memory systems. Presented through the introduction of a third vision of organizational memory (one which establishes virtual information partnerships comprised of small organizations that exist within the same work domain and share a similar mission and purpose), this research explored three factors that impact cross-organizational information sharing strategies on existing organizational memory models: (a) the socio-political ramifications of cross-organizational information sharing and reuse, (b) the relevance and satisfaction with information developed within a partner organization, (c) system design criteria to enable and encourage cross-organizational knowledge flow. To explore these factors, a prototype memory system was implemented in six public school districts and three public libraries. Using ethnographic research methods an understanding of cross-organizational information reuse was achieved, including benefits and barriers. Emergent concepts were situated in a framework developed to understand information flows between organizations and the relative value of information based on its source (internal, cross-organizational, or Internet). Results revealed that document repositories and discussion forums were the most useful means to share information across sites. Procedural information was as satisfactory when acquired from Internet-based repositories, but less so when acquired across organizations. It was further found that policies, opinions, and product information garnered from cross-organizational sites were highly valued.
CROSS-CULTURAL E-COMMERCE DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR AMERICAN AND CHINESE COLLEGE STUDENT POPULATIONS: RESULTS FROM AN EMPIRICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY
Creators: name: Carlin, Michael Stephen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: China
Cross-Cultural
Culture
E-Commerce
Hofstede
Shopping

description: Unprecedented business opportunities have arisen after China’s acceptance into the World Trade Organization ( WTO) in 2001. China’s accession to the WTO is significant considering that the World Bank estimates China’s share of world trade to increase to 9.8% by 2020 making them second only to the United States. With this prospect have come difficulties as Western businesses attempt to interact with Eastern cultures which have unique and possibly significantly different views of business, peers, family, and, most importantly, shopping. Previous research indicated that cultural differences impact the design and implementation of e- commerce web sites between nations. The goal of this research was to develop a set of cross- cultural guidelines that would aid in the successful development of cross- cultural e- commerce sites between China and the United States and to identify remarkable differences between both nations. Based on the literature, seven cultural dimensions and nine shopping dimensions were identified as affecting overall e- shopping behavior. This research examined the interaction of cultural dimensions identified by Hofstede ( 1998), Hall ( 1976), and Trompenaars ( 1994) with aspects of e- shopping in order to implement them in a cross- cultural e- commerce shopping model. Based on these dimensions, a structured 55- question online survey was developed in both English and simplified Chinese. The survey was administered online to 192 Chinese and 201 American college students. The overall internal reliability was 0.73 based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. A factor analysis was performed which resulted in four factors ( buying decision; trust relationship; price logistics; habits) for China and three factors ( transaction & trust; budget & environment; impulse purchasing) for the United States. These seven factors in conjunction with the ANOVA and correlation analysis aided in the creation of twelve guidelines for China and nine guidelines for the United States. These guidelines can be used to establish successful e- commerce web sites by taking into full consideration the cross- cultural complexities that exist between the United States and China.
Heavy element nucleosynthesis in a collapsar
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Shin-ichirou
name: Hashimoto, Masa-aki
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate synthesis of heavy elements in a collapsar. We have calculated detailed composition of magnetically driven jets ejected from a collapsar, which is based on long-term, magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of a rapidly rotating massive star of 40Msun during core collapse. We follow evolution of abundances of about 4000 nuclides from the collapse phase to the ejection phase through the jet generation phase with use of two large nuclear reaction networks. We find that the r-process successfully operates in the jets, so that U and Th are synthesized abundantly when the progenitor has large magnetic field of 10^{12} G and rapidly rotating core. Abundance pattern inside the jets is similar compared to that of r-elements in the solar system. Heavy neutron-rich nuclei \sim 0.01Msun can be ejected from the collapsar. The detailed abundances depend on nuclear properties of mass model, beta-decay rate, and fission, for nuclei near the neutron drip line. Furthermore, we find that p-nuclei are produced without seed nuclei: not only light p-nuclei, such as Se74, Kr78, Sr84, and Mo92, but also heavy p-nuclei, In113, Sn115, and La138, can be abundantly synthesized in the jets. The amounts of p-nuclei in the ejecta are much greater than those in core-collapse supernovae (SNe). In particular, Mo92, In113, Sn115, and La138 deficient in the SNe, are significantly produced in the ejecta.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Studies of the interactions of silicon with H, H2 and O using a novel RF probe technique
Creators: name: Li, Hongjun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A radio frequency technique was developed for measuring steady state, photo-induced, free carrier densities in indirect-bandgap semiconductors. This new in situ technique was then used to study the effects of H-atoms on the SiO₂/Si interfacial trap densities and to study the silicon surface and bulk chemistry during gate oxide growth with a remote O₂ plasma, annealing in H₂ , and the effect of the exposure of silicon substrates to atomic hydrogen. It is found that: (1) Gate oxides with interface trap levels that are as low as those present in thermally grown oxides can be grown at temperatures below 450 °C with atomic oxygen and subsequent annealing in the presence of H2. (2) Boron in p-type silicon can be passivated by hydrogen, which is present in the1 bulk when the crystal is annealed at temperatures between 360 and 450 °C, forming a B-H complex. Dissociation of the B-H complex at temperatures above 450 °C re-activates the boron as an acceptor. (3) Adsorption of O₂ and H₂ on freshly cleaned p-type silicon surfaces decreased the photo-generated carrier concentration which is interpreted in terms of an increase in the width of the depletion layer at the surface. (4) Exposure of a SiO₂/Si interface to H-atoms resulted in the formation of carrier traps other than Pb centers. At temperatures below 100 °C trap formation rates were found to show a first order dependence on the H-atom concentration with an activation energy of 0.15 ± 0.02 eV. 1 At higher temperatures, the reverse reaction and another process, which also reduces the traps formed by H-atoms, were observed. The kinetics and mechanisms of these processes are discussed in detail
Gemini/GMOS IFU stellar kinematics of the nuclear region of six nearby active galaxies
Creators: name: Barbosa, Fausto K. B.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Fernandes, Roberto Cid
name: Winge, Cláudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two-dimensional (2D) mapping of the stellar velocity field within the inner 5 arcsec of six nearby active galaxies, using spectra obtained with the Integral Field Unit of the GMOS instrument at the Gemini North telescope. The spatial resolution range from 20 to about 180 pc, and the observed field of view covers a few hundred parsecs around the nuclei. The Calcium II triplet absorption features at ~ 8500 A were used to measure the stellar radial velocities and velocity dispersions (sigma). A simple kinematical model assuming a purely rotating system with circular orbits in a plane was fitted to the radial velocity data. The turnover of the rotation curve is at only ~ 50 pc for NGC 4051 and between 200 and 700 pc for the other 5 galaxies. The sigma maps show the largest values at the centre. In the cases of NGC 2273 and NGC 3227, there is a decrease to sigma ~ 70-80 km/s at ~ 200-300 pc from the nucleus, delineating partial rings of low sigma values. A similar broken ring seems to be present at ~ 400 pc from the nucleus also in NGC 4593. We interpret these low sigma rings as traces of recently formed stars that partially keep the cold kinematics of the original gas from which they have formed. The main novelty of the present work is the unprecedented spatial resolution reached by a 2D study of stellar kinematics of Seyfert galaxies using an IFU. The few similar IFU studies available in the literature for Seyfert galaxies have a much poorer spatial resolution and/or are restricted to the study of emission line kinematics.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
title: A case of cesarean scar pregnancy
Creators: name: Al-Hameed, Mohammed
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 31-year-old female patient, Gravida 6 Para 3 Abortus 2, presented with vaginal spotting for few days duration. She denied pain, fever, or recent injury. She was unable to recall the date of her last menstrual period. Past medical and surgical history was only significant for 3 prior C-sections.

description: 31 years, female
Centrosome amplification promotes cell invasion via cell–cell contact disruption and Rap-1 activation
Creators: name: Prakash, Anu
name: Paunikar, Shishir
name: Webber, Mark
name: McDermott, Emma
name: Vellanki, Sri H
name: Thompson, Kerry
name: Dockery, Peter
name: Jahns, Hanne
name: Brown, James A. L.
name: Hopkins, Ann M.
name: Bourke, Emer
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024

description: Centrosome amplification (CA) is a prominent feature of human cancers linked to tumorigenesis in vivo. Here, we report mechanistic contributions of CA induction alone to tumour architecture and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. CA induction in non-tumorigenic breast cells MCF10A causes cell migration and invasion, with underlying disruption of epithelial cell–cell junction integrity and dysregulation of expression and subcellular localisation of cell junction proteins. CA also elevates expression of integrin β-3, its binding partner fibronectin-1 and matrix metalloproteinase enzymes, promoting cell–ECM attachment, ECM degradation, and a migratory and invasive cell phenotype. Using a chicken embryo xenograft model for in vivo validation, we show that CA-induced (+CA) MCF10A cells invade into the chick mesodermal layer, with inflammatory cell infiltration and marked focal reactions between chorioallantoic membrane and cell graft. We also demonstrate a key role of small GTPase Rap-1 signalling through inhibition using GGTI-298, which blocked various CA-induced effects. These insights reveal that in normal cells, CA induction alone (without additional oncogenic alterations) is sufficient to confer early pro-tumorigenic changes within days, acting through Rap-1-dependent signalling to alter cell–cell contacts and ECM disruption.
Collaborative Concurrency Control for Mobile Devices Using Notiphores
Creators: name: Tao, Eric Y.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: collaborative
concurrency
conflict
mobile
notiphore
resolution

description: A collaborative system enables multiple users to work together and share the same objects. This thesis addresses the problem of concurrent execution of tasks among multiple collaborating users and provides a mechanism to sustain concurrent access to the shared objects through   notiphores (notification semaphores), a novel mechanism for collaborative mobile environments where constant connectivity with a central server is not guaranteed. This thesis describes the first implementation of the notiphore concept and uses as example a mobile drawing application. Several algorithms are presented that outline the inner workings of a concurrency control system using notiphores and utilize user interaction to enhance concurrency. The notiphore mechanism provides a framework for injecting semantics such as contextual user roles and privileges to create effective and efficient conflict resolution policies. In addition, the integration of human intelligence can positively impact conflict resolution, and thereby enhance the concurrency in a collaborative system. The described methods have been subject to thorough experimentation through simulation. The results reveal that the notiphore mechanism exhibits superior increase in concurrency compared to locking. Furthermore, the test results suggest that the notiphore mechanism can function as an integration platform for an application to incorporate various semantics to create differentiated concurrency control policies as needed by the application. In summary, this thesis presents the notiphore mechanism for concurrency control in a collaborative environment and proves its superiority over a conventional locking mechanism by conducting experiments measuring its efficiency, feasibility, flexibility, and most importantly increase in concurrent access of shared objects.
Diffusion In Social Networks: A Model Of Member Diffusion Behavior
Creators: name: Nolker, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: As more of our society participates online to perform everyday activities from shopping to socializing, the traditional methods of diffusion are changing.  These changes are important, not only for individuals participating, but also for the organizations and businesses that are entering the online space.  Information of new innovations and ideas spread through societies by means of interaction and communication (Rogers 1976). Understanding how diffusion functions online gives all the stake holders information that can be used to optimize their online experiences.  Historically, diffusion followed orderly paths dictated by networks constructed from relationships of who had contact with whom (Bala and Goyal 1998).  Today, the ability to reach others has shortcut the traditional paths.  Creating communities comprised of relationship possibilities is only bounded by technologies.  Diffusion in today's communities requires an understanding of the member behaviors that lead to the formation of the relationships that become the pathways enabling exchange.  Based on fundamental theories about social networks and diffusion, this research proposes a Member Diffusion Behavior Model (MDB) that explains member diffusion behavior with three antecedents: Informal Sharing (IS), Promotion (Pr), and Persistent Conversation (PC).  The findings of this research toile in three areas, the testing of the behavior model, the discovery of the behaviors from conversation structure, and the identification of the influence of seed members on diffusion.  Hypotheses testing provides support for the IS and PC paths in the MDB model.  Using a new structure based method, these two behaviors IS and PC are shown to be successfully discovered from the conversation structure.  When the top defusing members  identified using the structure metrics are used to seed the diffusion process, these members are found to be more effective than members selected using the traditional degree centrality method.  This research contributes to the understanding of diffusion in social networks in several important ways.  First, it provides a theoretical model to explain member diffusion behavior by integrating theories of diffusion and social networks.  Second, it designs methods and develops metrics for measuring diffusion behavior in social networks by integrating social network analysis and information retrieval techniques.  Third, it helps to gain insight into the diffusion process by exploring how members with influencing behaviors affect the network.