cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strong electronic correlations in iron pnictides: Comparison of the optical spectra for BaFe2As2-related compounds
Creators: name: Nakajima, M.
name: Ishida, S.
name: Tanaka, T.
name: Kihou, K.
name: Tomioka, Y.
name: Saito, T.
name: Lee, C. H.
name: Fukazawa, H.
name: Kohori, Y.
name: Kakeshita, T.
name: Iyo, A.
name: Ito, T.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Uchida, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out combined transport and optical measurements for BaFe2As2 and five isostructural transition-metal (TM) pnictides. The low-energy optical conductivity spectra of these compounds are, to a good approximation, decomposed into a narrow Drude (coherent) component and an incoherent component. The iron arsenides, BaFe2As2 and KFe2As2, are distinct from other pnictides in their highly incoherent charge dynamics or bad metallic behavior with the coherent Drude component occupying a tiny fraction of the low-energy spectral weight. The fraction of the coherent spectral weight or the degree of coherence is shown to be well correlated with the TM-pnictogen bond angle and the electron filling of TM 3d orbitals, which are measures of the strength of electronic correlations. The iron arsenides are thus strongly correlated systems, and the doping into BaFe2As2 controls the strength of electronic correlations. This naturally explains a remarkable asymmetry in the charge dynamics of electron- and hole-doped systems, and the unconventional superconductivity appears to emerge when the correlations are fairly strong.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Representation stability in cohomology and asymptotics for families of varieties over finite fields
Creators: name: Church, Thomas
name: Ellenberg, Jordan S.
name: Farb, Benson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider two families X_n of varieties on which the symmetric group S_n acts: the configuration space of n points in C and the space of n linearly independent lines in C^n. Given an irreducible S_n-representation V, one can ask how the multiplicity of V in the cohomology groups H*(X_n;Q) varies with n. We explain how the Grothendieck-Lefschetz Fixed Point Theorem converts a formula for this multiplicity to a formula for the number of polynomials over F_q (or maximal tori in GL_n(F_q), respectively) with specified properties related to V. In particular, we explain how representation stability in cohomology, in the sense of [CF, arXiv:1008.1368] and [CEF, arXiv:1204.4533], corresponds to asymptotic stability of various point counts as n goes to infinity.
description: 57 pages
Hyperuniformity in the Manna Model, Conserved Directed Percolation and Depinning
Creators: name: Wiese, Kay Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperuniformity is an emergent property, whereby the structure factor of the density $n$ scales as $S(q) \sim q^α$, with $α>0$. We show that for the conserved directed percolation (CDP) class, to which the Manna model belongs, there is an exact mapping between the density $n$ in CDP, and the interface position $u$ at depinning, $n(x)=n_0+\nabla^2 u(x)$, where $n_0$ is the conserved particle density. As a consequence, the hyperuniformity exponent equals $α={4-d-2ζ}$, with $ζ$ the roughness exponent at depinning, and $d$ the dimension. In $d=1$, $α=1/2$, while $0.6> α\ge0$ for other $d$. Our results fit well simulations in the literature, except in $d=1$, where we perform our own to confirm this result. Such an exact relation between two seemingly different fields is surprising, and paves new paths to think about hyperuniformity and depinning. As corollaries, we get results of unprecedented precision in all dimensions, exact in $d=1$. This corrects earlier work on hyperuniformity in CDP.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. v3 contains additional material
Distance-as-time in physical aging
Creators: name: Douglass, Ian M.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although it has been known for half a century that the physical aging of glasses in experiments is described well by a linear thermal-history convolution integral over the so-called material time, the microscopic definition and interpretation of the material time remains a mystery. We propose that the material-time increase over a given time interval reflects the distance traveled by the system's particles. Different possible distance measures are discussed, starting from the standard mean-square displacement and its inherent-state version that excludes the vibrational contribution. The viewpoint adopted, which is inspired by and closely related to pioneering works of Cugliandolo and Kurchan of the 1990s, implies a "geometric reversibility" and a "unique-triangle property" characterizing the system's path in configuration space during aging. Both of these properties are inherited from equilibrium; they are confirmed by computer simulations of an aging binary Lennard-Jones system. Our simulations show that the slow particles control the material time. This motivates a "dynamic-rigidity-percolation" picture of physical aging. The numerical data show that the material time is dominated by the slowest particles' inherent mean-square displacement, which is conveniently quantified by the inherent harmonic mean-square displacement. This distance measure collapses data for potential-energy aging well in the sense that the normalized relaxation functions following different temperature jumps are almost the same function of the material time. Finally, the standard Tool-Narayanaswamy linear material-time convolution integral description of physical aging is derived from the assumption that when time is replaced by distance in the above sense, an aging system is described by the same expression as that of linear-response theory.
ОТ АБДУКТИВНОЙ ЛОГИКИ К ПЕРФОРМАТИВНОМУ ИСКУССТВУ: КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ МЕЖДУ ПЕРФОРМЕРОМ И ЗРИТЕЛЕМ
Creators: name: Сергей Сергеевич Грибов
Publisher: name: Международный журнал исследований культуры
Year: 2020
Subjects: абдукция
перформативное искусство
авангард
речевые акты
прагматизм
фанероскопия
генеративное искусство
поэтическая логика
слово в перформансе
интермедиальные практики

description: В статье проводится исследование перформативного искусства на основании методологических принципов прагматизма. Прагматизм, опираясь на концептуальную модель фанероскопии, выдвигает новую парадигму философской логики. Абдукция как логическая модель выдвижения гипотезы оперирует фанеронами (совокупностью наличных знаний, идей), что допускает относительность знания в зависимости от контекста, в который помещен предмет исследования. Теория абдукции, будучи логическим основанием прагматической парадигмы, трансформируется в художественных практиках авангарда в концепцию «генеративного искусства». Основные положения абдуктивных рассуждений позволяют включить логику в художественную деятельность. В художественных практиках абдукция направлена на рассмотрение модусов видения, памяти, воображения, которые в совокупности формируют представление художественного объекта, события у автора и зрителя. В статье обосновывается применение абдуктивной логики в теории речевых актов в рамках жанрово-стилевых форм перформативного искусства.
An energy function and its application to the periodic behavior of k-reversible processes
Creators: name: Oliveira, Leonardo I. L.
name: Barbosa, Valmir C.
name: Protti, Fábio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the graph dynamical systems known as k-reversible processes. In such processes, each vertex in the graph has one of two possible states at each discrete time step. Each vertex changes its state between the current time and the next if and only if it currently has at least k neighbors in a state different than its own. For such processes, we present a monotonic function similar to the decreasing energy functions used to study threshold networks. Using this new function, we show an alternative proof for the maximum period length in a k-reversible process and provide better upper bounds on the transient length in both the general case and the case of trees.
A one-stop function for gravitational-wave detection, identification and inference
Creators: name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I define here a novel function on a modeled space of gravitational-wave signals, before studying its properties as a statistic for detection, as an objective function for identification, and as an effective likelihood function for inference. The main motivation behind this work is the open data-analysis problem for signals from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, which is severely hindered by the presence of strong non-local parameter degeneracy in the signal space. I demonstrate the utility of the proposed function for the analysis of such signals, and suggest various possible directions for future research.
description: Published version
title: Colaus Tragoedia; [1771]
title: auf offentlicher Schaubühne vorgestellet von dem Churürstlichen Lyceum und Gymnasium der Gesellschaft Jesu zu Burghausen den 4. und 6. Herbstmonats 1771 = Colaus ein Trauerspiel
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2008

description: Perioche. - Text lat. und dt.
ПОЭТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРФОРМАНС ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ 1920-Х ГГ. С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ ДИНАМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕОРИИ ДЕКЛАМАЦИИ С. И. БЕРНШТЕЙНА
Creators: name: Валерий Владимирович Золотухин
Publisher: name: Международный журнал исследований культуры
Year: 2020
Subjects: русский формализм
младоформалисты
звучащая литература
звучащая художественная речь
конструктивизм
авангард
авторское чтение
Институт живого слова
динамика
литературный перформанс
партитуры

description: Конец 1920-х годов в истории Кабинета изучения художественной речи, уникального новаторского центра по изучению звучащей литературы, был отмечен обращением к проблеме декламационной композиции, трактованной как «внепространственное движение звучащего стиха» (С. И. Бернштейн). Коллективное исследование динамического аспекта декламации, реконструкции которого посвящена статья, на некоторое время заставило основателя Кабинета С. И. Бернштейна и его коллег-«младоформалистов» отказаться от изучения современных авторских манер поэтов, с композиционной точки зрения уступавших чтению актеров и профессиональных декламаторов. Лишь в 1930 году, незадолго до своего закрытия, КИХР снова обратился к анализу читки поэтов Литературного центра конструктивистов (ЛЦК). Декламационные приемы представителей этой группы порывали с устойчивыми традициями символизма и акмеизма и развивали характерную для исторического авангарда установку поэзии на устность. Обращение «кихровцев» к теоретическим и практическим поискам конструктивистов не только внесло вклад в изучение поэтических выступлений первой трети ХХ века. Изучение связей ленинградских исследователей с участниками литературной группы в контексте формирования динамической теории звучащей художественной речи помогает реконструировать развитие исследований звучащей литературы во второй половине 1920-х гг.
Association of recent exposure to ambient metals on fractional exhaled nitric oxide in 9–11 year old inner-city children
Creators: name: Rosa, Maria José
name: Perzanowski, Matthew S.
name: Divjan, Adnan
name: Chillrud, Steven N.
name: Hoepner, Lori A.
name: Zhang, Hanjie
name: Ridder, Robert
name: Perera, Frederica P.
name: Miller, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Asthma--Environmental aspects
Nitric oxide--Physiological effect
City children
Particles--Health aspects
Environmental health
Medical sciences
Chemistry

description: Exposure to ambient metals in urban environments has been associated with wheeze, and emergency room visits and hospitalizations due to respiratory illness. However, the effect of ambient metals exposure on airway inflammation, and how these associations may be modified by seroatopy, has not been determined. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a reliable proxy marker of airway inflammation. We hypothesized that recent ambient concentrations of Ni, V, Zn and Fe would be associated differentially with proximal and distal fractions of exhaled NO, and that these associations would be modified by seroatopy. As part of the Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health (CCCEH) birth cohort study, 9–11 year old children (n = 192) were evaluated. Ambient measures of Ni, V, Zn and Fe were obtained from a local central monitoring site and averaged over 9 days based on three 24 h measures every third day. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) samples were obtained at constant flows of 50 (FENO50), 83 and 100 mL/s, and used to determine surrogate measures for proximal (JNO) and alveolar (Calv) inflammation. Seroatopy was determined by specific IgE at age 7. Data were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. Ambient V and Fe concentrations were associated positively with FENO50 (p = 0.018, p = 0.027). Ambient Fe was associated positively with JNO (p = 0.017). Ambient Ni and V concentrations were associated positively with Calv (p = 0.004, p = 0.018, respectively). A stronger association of Ni concentrations with Calv was observed among the children with seroatopy. These results suggest that ambient metals are associated differentially with different fractions of FENO production, and this relationship may be modified by seroatopy.
Bulk-boundary correspondence in extended trimer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Creators: name: Verma, Sonu
name: Ghosh, Tarun Kanti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extended trimer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) tight-binding Hamiltonian keeping up to next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) hopping terms and on-site potential energy. The Bloch Hamiltonian can be expressed in terms of all the eight generators (i.e. Gell-Mann matrices) of the SU(3) group. We provide exact analytical expressions of three dispersive energy bands and the corresponding eigenstates for any choices of the system parameters. The system lacks full chiral symmetry since the energy spectrum is not symmetric around zero, except at isolated Bloch wavevectors. We explore parity, time reversal, and certain special chiral symmetries for various system parameters. We discuss the bulk-boundary correspondence by numerically computing the Zak phase for all the bands and the boundary modes in the open boundary condition. There are three different kinds of topological phase transitions, which are classified based on the gap closing points in the Brillouin zone (BZ) while tuning the nearest-neighbor (NN) and NNN hopping terms. We find that quantized changes (in units of $π$) in two out of three Zak phases characterize these topological phase transitions. We propose another bulk topological invariant, namely the {\it sub-lattice winding number}, which also characterizes the topological phase transitions changing from $ ν^α = 0 \leftrightarrow 2 $ and $ ν^α = 0 \leftrightarrow 1 \leftrightarrow 2 $ ($α$: sub-lattice index). The sub-lattice winding number not only provides a relatively simple analytical understanding of topological phases but also successfully establishes bulk-boundary correspondence in the absence of inversion symmetry, which may help in characterizing the bulk-boundary correspondence of systems without chiral and inversion symmetry.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
ОТ ЛОГИКИ ОБЩЕГО ЧУВСТВА К ЭСТЕТИКЕ РАВЕНСТВА
Creators: name: Олег Владимирович Аронсон
Publisher: name: Международный журнал исследований культуры
Year: 2020
Subjects: sensus communis (общее чувство)
Кант
энтузиазм
эстетика
равенство
масса
время большой длительности
революция

description: Статья отталкивается от интерпретации sensus communis (общего чувства) в «Критике способности суждения» Канта, где это понятие противопоставляется его докантовскому пониманию в английской традиции как common sense (здравый смысл). Но если в третьей «Критике» это понятие является частью антиномии вкуса, указывая не на его индивидуальную сторону, а на отношения универсального согласия, то в поздней работе «Спор факультетов» Кант, описывая революционный энтузиазм, заново затрагивает эту тему, но уже в связи с политическим контекстом Великой французской революции. Принимая в расчет попытки создания на основе кантовской эстетики теории политического суждения (Х. Арендт) и интерпретацию кантовского «энтузиазма» в терминах аналитики возвышенного (Ж.-Ф. Лиотар), автор предлагает проследить логику развития понимания sensus communis в связи с дискурсивными изменениями, связанными с активностью революционных масс. Революция интерпретируется не как событие исторического разрыва, а как процесс большой длительности (отсылающий к проблематике времени longue durée Фернана Броделя). Знаки так понятой революции располагаются уже вне режима человеческого восприятия и созерцания, вне категорий времени и пространства; они находятся в зоне общего чувства, указывающего на возможности выхода за рамки самотождественного субъекта и человекомерного опыта восприятия (истории, науки, общества). Логика общего чувства как коллективного действия, основанного на равенстве и солидарности, коррелирует с идеей преадаптации Дарвина, которая получает свое развитие в понятии экзаптации в современной эволюционной биологии. Модель экзаптации обнаруживает себя и в формальной математике (множественность аксиоматических систем), и в действии социума, для которого «свобода», «равенство», «солидарность» перестают быть идеалами и ценностями, становясь формами общего чувства. Через них и описывается «эстетика равенства», преодолевающая как традиционные эстетические категории, ориентированные на чувственный опыт познания индивида, так и рациональные (экономические, правовые, этические) способы понимания равенства.
Ambient Metals, Elemental Carbon, and Wheeze and Cough in New York City Children through 24 Months of Age
Creators: name: Patel, Molini M.
name: Hoepner, Lori A.
name: Garfinkel, Robin S.
name: Chillrud, Steven N.
name: Reyes, Andria
name: Quinn, James
name: Perera, Frederica P.
name: Miller, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Particles--Health aspects
Asthma in children
Air--Pollution--Health aspects
Environmental health
Public health
Medical sciences

description: Rationale: The effects of exposure to specific components of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), including metals and elemental carbon (EC), have not been fully characterized in young children. Objectives: To compare temporal associations among PM2.5; individual metal constituents of ambient PM2.5, including nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn); and EC and longitudinal reports of respiratory symptoms through 24 months of age. Methods: Study participants were selected from the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health birth cohort recruited in New York City between 1998 and 2006. Respiratory symptom data were collected by questionnaire every 3 months through 24 months of age. Ambient pollutant data were obtained from state-operated stationary monitoring sites located within the study area. For each subject, 3-month average inverse-distance weighted concentrations of Ni, V, Zn, EC, and PM2.5 were calculated for each symptom-reporting period based on the questionnaire date and the preceding 3 months. Associations between pollutants and symptoms were characterized using generalized additive mixed effects models, adjusting for sex, ethnicity, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and calendar time. Measurements and Main Results: Increases in ambient Ni and V concentrations were associated significantly with increased probability of wheeze. Increases in EC were associated significantly with cough during the cold/flu season. Total PM2.5 was not associated with wheeze or cough. Conclusions: These results suggest that exposure to ambient metals and EC from heating oil and/or traffic at levels characteristic of urban environments may be associated with respiratory symptoms among very young children.
Critical behavior of 3D Z(N) lattice gauge theories at zero temperature
Creators: name: Borisenko, O.
name: Chelnokov, V.
name: Cortese, G.
name: Gravina, M.
name: Papa, A.
name: Surzhikov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional $Z(N)$ lattice gauge theories at zero temperature are studied for various values of $N$. Using a modified phenomenological renormalization group, we explore the critical behavior of the generalized $Z(N)$ model for $N=2,3,4,5,6,8$. Numerical computations are used to simulate vector models for $N=2,3,4,5,6,8,13,20$ for lattices with linear extension up to $L=96$. We locate the critical points of phase transitions and establish their scaling with $N$. The values of the critical indices indicate that the models with $N>4$ belong to the universality class of the three-dimensional $XY$ model. However, the exponent $α$ derived from the heat capacity is consistent with the Ising universality class. We discuss a possible resolution of this puzzle. We also demonstrate the existence of a rotationally symmetric region within the ordered phase for all $N\geq 5$ at least in the finite volume.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables
The Quantum Internet: Enhancing Classical Internet Services one Qubit at a Time
Creators: name: Cacciapuoti, Angela Sara
name: Illiano, Jessica
name: Koudia, Seid
name: Simonov, Kyrylo
name: Caleffi, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, the classical Internet has mainly envisioned as the underlying communication infrastructure of the Quantum Internet, aimed at providing services such as signaling and coordination messages. However, the interplay between classical and Quantum Internet is complex and its understanding is pivotal for an effective design of the Quantum Internet protocol stack. The aim of the paper is to shed the light on this interplay, by highlighting that such an interplay is indeed bidirectional rather than unidirectional. And the Quantum Internet exhibits the potential of supporting and even enhancing classical Internet functionalities.
РЕЧЬ ОБ ЭКСТРАОРДИНАРНОМ КАК ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ СРЕДСТВО В ПЕРФОРМАТИВНЫХ ИСКУССТВАХ
Creators: name: Юлия Генадиевна Лидерман
Publisher: name: Международный журнал исследований культуры
Year: 2020
Subjects: эстетика перформативного
устная речь
речь об экстраординарном
искусство соучастия
акционизм
сайтспецифический театр
новая драма
искусство откровения
Б. Гаспаров
Э. Фишер-Лихте
Т. Сегал
Н. Алексеев

description: В статье рассматривается возможность анализа устной речи как художественного средства в перформативных искусствах последней четверти ХХ века. Искусство 1990-х – 2010-х описывается в теории через концепции, подчеркивающие трансграничный характер художественного жеста (Р. Краусс, К. Бишоп). Однако конвенции театра Нового времени со сценой, отделенной от публики, все еще влияют на поведение зрителя или участника ситуаций, организованных художником вне зависимости от того, имеет ли ситуация место внутри музея или галереи или разворачивается в публичных пространствах с другой прагматикой. Семиотическая теория устной речи (Б. Гаспаров) открывает возможность понимания невербальных типов знаков, благодаря которым создается материальность перформанса (Э. Фишер-Лихте). В кейс стадис актуальной перформативной культуры (Пьеса Ольги Шиляевой «28 дней»; 2018; спектакль «Что ответили птицы Францизску Азискому?» продукция «Трансформатор.док» и орнитарий парка Сокольники 2019; ситуациии Тино Сегала «Прогресс» 2010, “This Objective of that Object“ 2004; акция Никиты Алексеева «10000 шагов» 1980) выявлена деструктурирующая функция устной речи. По отношению к этим кейсам введено понятие «искусство откровения»..
Urban Adolescents Readily Comply with a Complicated Asthma Research Protocol
Creators: name: Lovinsky-Desir, Stephanie
name: Folch, Candace
name: Jung, Kyung Hwa
name: Torrone, David Z.
name: Gil, Eric
name: Perera, Frederica P.
name: Miller, Rachel L.
name: Chillrud, Steven N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Asthma in children
Patient compliance
Accelerometers
Teenagers--Research
Medical sciences
Public health

description: Purpose: Adolescents are often cited as having poor rates of compliance with medical regimens and research protocols. We quantified compliance in a cohort of urban adolescents participating in a complex research protocol in which measures were obtained without direct supervision by research personnel. Methods: A total of 54 early adolescents ages 10–13 were asked to wear a vest containing a personal air pollutant exposure monitor for two 24-hour periods and to perform daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) for six consecutive days. Compliance with wearing the vest was measured by comparing accelerometer data from a device within the vest to one worn continuously on the child's wrist. Daily PEF data were recorded using an electronic meter. Results: A priori definition of compliance was met by 85% of the adolescents by wearing the exposure monitoring vest and 72% by performing PEF. Conclusions: These findings suggest that early adolescents can be compliant with complex research protocols that are needed to help bridge gaps in pediatric asthma research.
Microbial response to enhanced phosphorus cycling in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Creators: name: Duhamel, Solange
name: Björkman, Karin M.
name: Doggett, Joseph K.
name: Karl, David M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Phosphorus cycle (Biogeochemistry)
subject: Marine ecology
subject: Marine microbiology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biogeochemistry

description: Microbial community response to nitrogen (N) amendments and induced phosphorus (P) stress was investigated in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). Samples amended with reduced sources of N, in the form of nitrate plus ammonium, showed significant increases in microbial cell abundance and biomass and decreases in dissolved inorganic phosphate (Pi) and silicate concentrations during an incubation period of 6 d. Primary productivity, P uptake rates (as both Pi and adenosine-5’-triphosphate [ATP]) and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) all increased following N amendment. Dissolved organic P (DOP) concentrations did not change, but the large increase in APA and ATP uptake rates suggests that DOP was a dynamic pool and an important source for microbial P nutrition in P-stressed samples. Significant changes were also observed in the structure of the microbial community, with Synechococcus and picoalgae abundances increasing substantially in the N-amended treatments, while non-pigmented picoplankton abundances were unchanged. Data on P resource partitioning among groups of picoplankton separated by size using membrane filters of different porosities, or by scattering and fluorescence properties using flow cytometry sorting, indicate that Synechococcus could have a greater role in the NPSG P cycling following episodic N inputs. This experimental manipulation of nutrient loading combined with observations at the total population to the microbial group levels constitutes a unique approach to improve our understanding of microbial community structure and function in response to environmental forcing.
CTMRG study of the critical behavior of an interacting-dimer model
Creators: name: Chatelain, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of a dimer model with an interaction favoring parallel dimers in each plaquette of the square lattice is studied numerically by means of the Corner Transfer Matrix Renormalization Group algorithm. The critical exponents are known to depend on the chemical potential of vacancies, or monomers. At large average density of the latter, the phase transition becomes of first-order. We compute the scaling dimensions of both order parameter and temperature in the second order regime and compare them with the conjecture that the critical behavior is the same as the Ashkin-Teller model on its self-dual critical line.
Unitarity and quantum resolution of gravitational singularities
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Menéndez-Pidal, Lucía
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the consequences of requiring that quantum theories of gravity be unitary, mostly focusing on simple cosmological models to illustrate the main points. We show that unitarity for a clock that encounters a classical singularity at finite time implies quantum singularity resolution, but for a clock that encounters future infinity at finite time leads to a quantum recollapse. We then find that our starting point - assuming the general covariance of general relativity - is actually incompatible with general quantum unitarity: singularity resolution in quantum gravity can always be engineered by choosing the right clock, or avoided by using a different one.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; Fifth Award in the Gravity Research Foundation 2022 Awards for Essays on Gravitation. v2: minor typographical changes. To be published in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
title: Bewusstes und unbewusstes Denken von Experten und Novizen: Eine empirische Studie zur Qualität von Personalauswahlentscheidungen und Implikationen für die Beratung
Creators: name: Kohlmann, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: unconscious thought theory
subject: bewusstes und unbewusstes Denken
subject: Expertise
subject: Personalauswahl
subject: Beratung
subject: conscious and unconscious thinking
subject: expertise
subject: recruitment
subject: consulting
subject: 150
subject: 330
subject: Unbewusstes
subject: Denken
subject: Handlung
subject: Expertise
subject: Beratung
subject: Personalauswahl

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
HITS: Hurricane Intensity and Track Simulator with North Atlantic Ocean Applications for Risk Assessment
Creators: name: Nakamura, Jennifer A.
name: Lall, Upmanu
name: Kushnir, Yochanan
name: Rajagopalan, B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Hurricanes--Tracks
Hurricanes
Hurricanes--Tracks--Mathematical models

description: A nonparametric stochastic model is developed and tested for the simulation of tropical cyclone tracks. Tropical cyclone tracks demonstrate continuity and memory over many time and space steps. Clusters of tracks can be coherent, and the separation between clusters may be marked by geographical locations where groups of tracks diverge as a result of the physics of the underlying process. Consequently, their evolution may be non-Markovian. Markovian simulation models, as are often used, may produce tracks that potentially diverge or lose memory quicker than happens in nature. This is addressed here through a model that simulates tracks by randomly sampling track segments of varying length, selected from historical tracks. For performance evaluation, a spatial grid is imposed on the domain of interest. For each grid box, long-term tropical cyclone risk is assessed through the annual probability distributions of the number of storm hours, landfalls, winds, and other statistics. Total storm length is determined at birth by local distribution, and movement to other tropical cyclone segments by distance to neighbor tracks, comparative vector, and age of track. The model is also applied to the conditional simulation of hurricane tracks from specific positions for hurricanes that were not included in the model fitting so as to see whether the probabilistic coverage intervals properly cover the subsequent track. Consequently, tests of both the long-term probability distributions of hurricane landfall and of event simulations from the model are provided.
Hybrid quantum cycle generative adversarial network for small molecule generation
Creators: name: Anoshin, Matvei
name: Sagingalieva, Asel
name: Mansell, Christopher
name: Zhiganov, Dmitry
name: Shete, Vishal
name: Pflitsch, Markus
name: Melnikov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The drug design process currently requires considerable time and resources to develop each new compound that enters the market. This work develops an application of hybrid quantum generative models based on the integration of parametrized quantum circuits into known molecular generative adversarial networks, and proposes quantum cycle architectures that improve model performance and stability during training. Through extensive experimentation on benchmark drug design datasets, QM9 and PC9, the introduced models are shown to outperform the previously achieved scores. Most prominently, the new scores indicate an increase of up to 30% in the quantitative estimation of druglikeness. The new hybrid quantum machine learning algorithms, as well as the achieved scores of pharmacokinetic properties, contribute to the development of fast and accurate drug discovery processes.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
The Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative: DL in DH
Creators: name: Englund, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Assyriology
Humanities--Digital libraries
Cuneiform inscriptions
Information science
Classical languages

description: Presentation slides: The Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI): The CDLI was initiated at UCLA in 1998, and today it represents the efforts of an international group of Assyriologists, museum curators, and historians of science to make available through the internet the form and content of cuneiform inscriptions dating from the beginning of writing, ca. 3350 BCE, until the end of the pre-Christian era. By creating a unified access to a highly representative corpus of early writing and using computing technology to facilitate its semantic interpretation, the CDLI is fostering an unprecedented scholarly cooperation between researchers and cultural institutions. At the same time, “lines of communication” to the heritage of pre-scientific civilizations dead many millennia are being opened to a networked public.
The asymmetric drift, the local standard of rest, and implications from RAVE data
Creators: name: Golubov, O.
name: Just, A.
name: Bienaymé, O.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Munari, U.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Parker, Q.
name: Seabroke, G.
name: Reid, W.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Williams, M.
name: Watson, F.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of the LSR is still a matter of debate. The classical value of the tangential peculiar motion of the Sun with respect to the LSR was challenged in recent years, claiming a significantly larger value. We show that the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) sample of dwarf stars is an excellent data set to derive tighter boundary conditions to chemodynamical evolution models of the extended solar neighbourhood. We present an improved Jeans analysis, which allows a better interpretation of the measured kinematics of stellar populations in the Milky Way disc. We propose an improved version of the Strömberg relation with the radial scalelengths as the only unknown. Binning RAVE stars in metallicity reveals a bigger asymmetric drift (corresponding to a smaller radial scalelength) for more metal-rich populations. With the standard assumption of velocity-dispersion independent radial scalelengths in each metallicity bin, we redetermine the LSR. The new Strömberg equation yields a joint LSR value of V_\sun=3.06 \pm 0.68 km/s, which is even smaller than the classical value based on Hipparcos data. The corresponding radial scalelength increases from 1.6 kpc for the metal-rich bin to 2.9 kpc for the metal-poor bin, with a trend of an even larger scalelength for young metal-poor stars. When adopting the recent Schönrich value of V_\sun=12.24 km/s for the LSR, the new Strömberg equation yields much larger individual radial scalelengths of the RAVE subpopulations, which seem unphysical in part. The new Strömberg equation allows a cleaner interpretation of the kinematic data of disc stars in terms of radial scalelengths. Lifting the LSR value by a few km/s compared to the classical value results in strongly increased radial scalelengths with a trend of smaller values for larger velocity dispersions.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; 13 pages, 9 figures
Light-Cone Distribution Amplitudes for Heavy-Quark Hadrons
Creators: name: Bell, Guido
name: Feldmann, Thorsten
name: Wang, Yu-Ming
name: Yip, Matthew W Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct parametrizations of light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) for B-mesons and Lambda_b-baryons that obey various theoretical constraints, and which are simple to use in factorization theorems relevant for phenomenological applications in heavy-flavour physics. In particular, we find the eigenfunctions of the Lange-Neubert renormalization kernel, which allow for a systematic implementation of renormalization-group evolution effects for both B-meson and Λ_b-baryon decays. We also present a new strategy to construct LCDA models from momentum-space projectors, which can be used to implement Wandzura-Wilczek--like relations, and which allow for a comparison with theoretical approaches that go beyond the collinear limit for the light-quark momenta in energetic heavy-hadron decays.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Computing Generic Fibers of Polynomial Ideals with FGLM and Hensel Lifting
Creators: name: Berthomieu, Jérémy
name: Mohr, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a version of the FGLM algorithm that can be used to compute generic fibers of positive-dimensional polynomial ideals. It combines the FGLM algorithm with a Hensel lifting strategy. In analogy with Hensel lifting, we show that this algorithm has a complexity quasi-linear in the number of terms of certain $\mathfrak{m}$-adic expansions we compute. Some provided experimental data also demonstrates the practical efficacy of our algorithm.
Poster for Dataset "Theory Of Chain Walking Catalysis"
Creators: name: Dockhorn, Ron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SaxFDM
Research Data Management
SaxFDM-Tagung 2023

description: This poster explains the basic features of the dataset "Dataset_TheoryOfChainWalkingCatalysis" and provides the some tricks of trade for research data management publishing a dataset.
This poster was presented at the 4. Sächsische FDM-Tagung in Chemnitz at 2023-10-19 organized by SaxFDM.
A novel method based solely on FPGA units enabling measurement of time and charge of analog signals in Positron Emission Tomography
Creators: name: Pałka, M.
name: Bednarski, T.
name: Białas, P.
name: Czerwiński, E.
name: Kapłon, Ł.
name: Kochanowski, A.
name: Korcyl, G.
name: Kowal, J.
name: Kowalski, P.
name: Kozik, T.
name: Krzemień, W.
name: Molenda, M.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Niedźwiecki, Sz.
name: Pawlik, M.
name: Raczyński, L.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Sharma, N. G.
name: Silarski, M.
name: Słomski, A.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Strzelecki, A.
name: Wiślicki, W.
name: Zieliński, M.
name: Zoń, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article presents a novel technique for precise measurement of time and charge based solely on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) device and few satellite discrete electronic components used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Described approach simplifies electronic circuits, reduces the power consumption, lowers costs, merges front-end electronics with digital electronics and also makes more compact final design. Furthermore, it allows to measure time when analog signals cross a reference voltage at different threshold levels with a very high precision of $\sim$ 10ps (rms) and thus enables sampling of signals in a voltage domain.
description: Submitted to Bio-Algorithms and Med.-Systems (6 pages, 6 figures)
Toward matter dynamics in spin foam quantum gravity
Creators: name: Ali, Masooma
name: Steinhaus, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any approach to pure quantum gravity must eventually face the question of coupling quantum matter to the theory. In the past, several ways of coupling matter to spin foam quantum gravity have been proposed, but the dynamics of the coupled matter-gravity system is challenging to explore. To take first steps towards uncovering the influence quantum matter has on spin foam models, we couple free, massive scalar lattice field theory to a restricted, semi-classical 4d spin foam model, called quantum cuboids. This model can be understood as a superposition of hypercuboidal (and thus irregular) lattices. Both theories are coupled by defining scalar lattice field theory on irregular lattices via discrete exterior calculus and then superimposing these theories by summing over spin foam configurations. We compute expectation values of geometric and matter observables using Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. From the observables, we identify a regime in parameter space, in which the spin foam possesses a finite total volume and looks on average like a regular lattice with an emergent lattice spacing dependent on the mass of the scalar field. We also measure the 2-point correlation function and correlation length of the scalar field in relation to the geodesic distance encoded in the spin foam. Our results are consistent with the correlation function of ordinary scalar lattice field theory defined on a fixed regular lattice with the emergent lattice spacing and the same mass. We conclude that in this regime of the model, the scalar field is not sensitive to the fluctuations of the spin foam and effectively behaves as if it is defined on a fixed regular lattice.
description: 32 pages, 17 figures, v2: updated title, improved several parts, e.g. discussion of results, added references. Matches version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Electron sampling depth and saturation effects in perovskite films investigated by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ruosi, A.
name: Raisch, C.
name: Verna, A.
name: Werner, R.
name: Davidson, B. A.
name: Fujii, J.
name: Kleiner, R.
name: Koelle, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowledge of the electron sampling depth and related saturation effects is important for quantitative analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, yet for oxides with the perovskite structure no quantitative values are so far available. Here we study absorption saturation in films of two of the most-studied perovskites, LCMO and YBCO, at the L2,3 edge of Mn and Cu, respectively. By measuring the electron-yield intensity as a function of photon incidence angle and film thickness, the sampling depth d, photon attenuation length, lambda, and the ratio lambda/d have been independently determined between 50 and 300 K. The extracted sampling depth dLCMO=3 nm for LCMO at high temperatures in its polaronic insulator state (150-300K) is not much larger than values reported for pure transition metals (d Co or Ni=2-2.5nm) at room temperature, but it is smaller than dYBCO=3.9 nm for metallic YBCO that is in turn smaller than the value reported for Fe3O4 (d=4.5 nm) The measured dLCMO increases to 4.5 nm when LCMO is in the metallic state at low temperatures. These results indicate that a universal rule of thumb for the sampling depth in oxides cannot be assumed, and that it can be measurably influenced by electronic phase transitions that derive from strong correlations.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Semiprime Novikov Algebras
Creators: name: Panasenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study prime and semiprime Novikov algebras. We prove that prime nonassociative Novikov algebra has zero nucleus and center. It is well known that an ideal of an alternative (semi)prime algebra is (semi)prime algebra. We proved this statement for Novikov algebras. It implies that a Baer radical exists in a class of Novikov algebras. Also, we proved that a minimal ideal of Novikov algebra is either trivial, or a simple algebra.
description: 11 pages