cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
UBC Food Systems Project: Exploring Ways to Lighten the Ecological Footprint of Blue Chip Cookies
Creators: name: Baker-French, Sophia
name: Van Oerle, Rhonda Lee
name: Samra, Ravinder
name: Smith, Elissa
name: Thornhill, Jacqueline
name: Wong, Chung Sang
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Fission of a multiphase membrane tube
Creators: name: Allain, Jean-Marc
name: Storm, Cornelis
name: Roux, Aurelien
name: Amar, Martine Ben
name: Joanny, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A common mechanism for intracellular transport is the use of controlled deformations of the membrane to create spherical or tubular buds. While the basic physical properties of homogeneous membranes are relatively well-known, the effects of inhomogeneities within membranes are very much an active field of study. Membrane domains enriched in certain lipids in particular are attracting much attention, and in this Letter we investigate the effect of such domains on the shape and fate of membrane tubes. Recent experiments have demonstrated that forced lipid phase separation can trigger tube fission, and we demonstrate how this can be understood purely from the difference in elastic constants between the domains. Moreover, the proposed model predicts timescales for fission that agree well with experimental findings.
Measurement Unit Invariant Coefficients in Multiplicative-Logarithmic Functions
Creators: name: Stern, David I.
name: Stern, David I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Hunt and Lynk (1993) demonstrate that the coefficients of the non-multiplicative terms of a multiplicative logarithmic function are dependent on the units used. I demonstrate that a unique very simple transformation circumvents this problem.
Mass and Light in the Supercluster of galaxies : MS0302+17
Creators: name: Gavazzi, R.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Fort, B.
name: Cuillandre, J. -C.
name: Dantel-Fort, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the supercluster MS0302+17 (z~0.42) using weak lensing analysis and deep wide field CFH12k BVR photometry. Using (B-V) - (V-R) evolution tracks we identify supercluster early-types members. We derive a R band weak lensing background galaxies sample. We compute the correlations functions of light and mass and show that "light traces mass on supercluster scales". The zeta-statistics applied in cluster centers and global correlation analyses over the whole field converge toward the simple relation M/L_B=300+/-30. This independently confirms the earlier results obtained by Kaiser et al.(1998). We model dark matter halos around each galaxy by truncated isothermal spheres and find the linear relation M L still holds. However, their averaged halo truncation radius is s* ~< 200 kpc close to clusters cores, whereas it reaches a lower limit of ~ 300 kpc at the periphery. This change of s_* as function of radial distance gives indications on tidal stripping but the lack of informations on the late-type galaxies sample prevents us to separate contributions. Though all the data at hands are consistent with "mass is traced by light from early-type galaxies", we are not able to describe in details the contributions of late type galaxies. We however found it to be small.
description: Final version accepted for publication by A&A gzipped postscript version with higher resolution figures also available at ftp://ftp.iap.fr/pub/from_users/gavazzi/ms0302.ps.gz
Is Mining Income Sustainable Income in Developing Countries?
Creators: name: Stern, David I.
name: Stern, David I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: I attempt to measure whether the mining sector contributes to the achievement of sustainable development or detracts from that goal in a number of developing countries. Most economic interpretations of sustainability regard sustainable development as development that provides for a non-decreasing level of welfare in the long-run. Treating income per capita as an imperfect proxy of welfare we can measure whether increases in mining sector income lead to sustainable increases in income despite the exhaustible nature of mineral deposits. This is a more encompassing criterion than the conventional Solow-Hartwick criterion which sets necessary conditions for the achievement of a similar definition of sustainability. A seven variable vector autoregression model (VAR) is estimated for each of nineteen non-OPEC developing countries with large mining sectors. The variables are mining GDP, non-mining GDP, net foreign factor payments, imports, manufactured capital, labor, and an index of human capital. Other aspects of the natural environment are treated as unobserved variables that may systematically affect parameter estimates or affect the random error terms. Using the impulse response functions, I determine the long-run multiplier of mining income on GNP. Information is also provided on the multipliers of the mining sector on manufactured and human capital accumulation which could be used in a test of the Solow-Hartwick weak sustainability criterion or used in a more comprehensive assessment of the effects of mining on development.
The Effect of the Mining Sector on Developing Economies
Creators: name: Stern, David I.
name: Stern, David I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Mining
subject: Economic Development
subject: Econometric Analysis
subject: International Comparison

description: There has been much debate about the contribution of the mining sector to economic development in developing countries, though multi-country empirical studies have been very limited. Vector-autoregression models are used to determine the contribution of the mining sector to economic development in nineteen developing countries. Impulse response functions estimate the multiplier of mining output on non-mining GDP, net foreign factor payments, imports, manufactured capital, and human capital. The results indicate that in the majority of countries, the mining sector contributes little or nothing to GNP and factor accumulation. In a few countries, however, mining does contribute to economic development.
Optimal Acid Rain Abatement Policy for Europe: An Analysis for the Year 2000
Creators: name: Halkos, G. E.
name: Hutton, J. P.
name: Halkos, G. E.
name: Hutton, J. P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Abatement
subject: acid rain
subject: cooperation

description: Acid rain causes greater environmental damage than would occur if countries act cooperatively. Based on new estimates of sulphur abatement cost fimctions, the potential gains from cooperation are calculated for Europe. Various cooperative abatement rates are compared with the rates implied by recent international agreements. The distinction is made between primary and secondary abatement, and their respective roles are discussed.
UBC Food Systems Project: Moving UBC Food Outlets Beyond Climate Neutral
Creators: name: Allyn, Heather
name: Byland, Melanie
name: Formigoni, Nadia
name: Gosset, Laura
name: Holmes, Ellie
name: Timoshouk, Olya
name: Zach, Jordan
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
ARPES and optical renormalizations: phonons or spin fluctuations
Creators: name: Schachinger, E.
name: Tu, J. J.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved resolution in both, energy and momentum in ARPES-data has lead to the establishment of a definite energy scale in the dressed quasiparticle dispersion relations. The observed structure around 80 meV has been taken as evidence for coupling to phonons and has re-focused the debate about the mechanism of superconductivity in the cuprates. Here we address the relative merits of phonon as opposed to spin fluctuation mechanisms. Both possibilities are consistent with ARPES. On the other hand, when considerations are extended to infrared optical data, a spin fluctuation mechanism provides a more natural interpretation of the combined sets of data in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ} (Bi2212).
description: 13 pages, 7 figures Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B revision v1
Single-cycle THz signal accompanying laser wake in photoionized plasmas and plasma channels
Creators: name: Kalmykov, S. Y.
name: Englesbe, A.
name: Elle, J.
name: Schmitt-Sody, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoionization by a femtosecond, terawatt laser pulse generates a plasma column in a neutral ambient gas. Velocity of electrons, pushed by the laser ponderomotive force along the column surface, couples to the the radial density gradient at the column boundary, generating an azimuthally polarized THz rotational current (RC). The same mechanism produces the low-frequency RC in a leaky plasma channel. Applying external voltage to the channel induces a radially non-uniform electron flow (direct current) and a constant, azimuthally polarized magnetic field. Coupling them to the electron density perturbations adds two more terms to the RC. The surface RC in the plasma column supports a broadband, evanescent THz signal accompanying the wake. A few millimeters away from the column, rapid evanescence of high-frequency components turns this THz signal into a radially polarized, single-cycle pulse.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to the Proceedings of 4th European Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop (EAAC), to be published by Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Effect of skin-to-skin contact on stimulation threshold and dosimetry
Creators: name: Rashed, Essam A.
name: Diao, Yinliang
name: Tanaka, Shota
name: Sakai, Takashi
name: Gomez-Tames, Jose
name: Hirata, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The human dosimetry for electromagnetic field exposure is an essential task to develop exposure guidelines/standards for human safety as well as product safety assessment. At frequencies from a few hundred Hz to 10 MHz, the adverse effect to be protected is the stimulation of the peripheral nervous system. The in situ electric field in the skin is used as a surrogate of nerve activation. In the low-frequency dosimetry, a high but inaccurate in situ electric field has been reported at positions where a skin-to-skin contact exists, whose relation to the stimulation is controversial. One of the reasons for high electric fields may be attributable to the current resolution of anatomical models. In this study, we first evaluate the stimulation threshold at postures of skin-to-skin contact experimentally for different hand/finger positions to represent skin touching/non-touching scenarios. We confirm that the skin-to-skin contact does not lower the threshold current of magnetic stimulation devices needed to induce pain. Second, a new method is proposed for hand modeling to configure different finger positions using static hand models with similar postures to the experiments. We compute the in situ electric field at skin-to-skin contact for the different hand posture scenarios that indicate an excessive raise of the electric field in skin-to-skin regions that is not justified by the experiments. The comparison suggests that a high in situ electric field in the skin would be caused by poor modeling of the skin layers, which is not enough to represent in a resolution of the order of a millimeter. This skin-to-skin contact should not be considered to set the restriction in the international exposure guidelines/standards as well as product safety assessment.
description: Submitted to IEEE TEMC
Additional file 10 of Urbanicity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, and behavioral and emotional problems in children: a path analysis
Creators: name: Evans, B. E.
name: J. Van Der Ende
name: K. Greaves-Lord
name: A. C. Huizink
name: R. Beijers
name: C. De Weerth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10. Statistics for the effects of urbanicity on HPA axis functioning in the JOiN and BIBO samples (path A in Figure 1).
A Game Theoretic Approach to Pollution Control Problems
Creators: name: Halkos, G. E.
name: Halkos, G. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: game theory
subject: abatement cost
subject: damage cost

description: This paper provides a model that attempts to deal with the transboundary nature of the acid rain problem, using a game theoretic approach consistent with mainstream economic theory. The general forms of cooperative and non-cooperative equilibria in the explicit and implicit set-up of the model are presented under the assumptions of deterministic and stochastic deposits.
The Boden-Hu conjecture holds precisely up to rank eight
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60 (Primary); 14D20 (Secondary)

description: Consider moduli schemes of vector bundles over a smooth projective curve endowed with parabolic structures over a marked point. Boden and Hu observed that a slight variation of the weights leads to a desingularisation of the moduli scheme, and they conjectured that one can always obtain a small resolution this way. The present text proves this conjecture in some cases (including all bundles of rank up to eight) and gives counterexamples in all other cases (in particular in every rank beyond eight). The main tool is a generalisation of Ext-groups involving more than two quasiparabolic bundles.
description: 17 pages
A two-dimensional introduction to sashiko
Creators: name: Hayes, Carol
name: Seaton, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Through the hands-on creation of two sashiko pieces of work - a counted thread kogin bookmark and a single running stitched hitomezashi sampler - participants will explore not only the living cultural history of this traditional Japanese needlework but will also experience the mathematics of sashiko in a tangible form, and will take away with them items of simple beauty.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, workshop paper intended for Bridges Math Art conference 2020
Quasicrystalline Order in Binary Dipolar Systems
Creators: name: Scheffler, Falk
name: Maass, Philipp
name: Roth, Johannes
name: Stark, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental findings, we investigate the possible occurrence and characteristics of quasicrystalline order in two-dimensional mixtures of point dipoles with two sorts of dipole moments. Despite the fact that the dipolar interaction potential does not exhibit an intrinsic length scale and cannot be tuned a priori to support the formation of quasicrystalline order, we find that configurations with long--range quasicrystallinity yield minima in the potential energy surface of the many particle system. These configurations emanate from an ideal or perturbed ideal decoration of a binary tiling by steepest descent relaxation. Ground state energy calculations of alternative ordered states and parallel tempering Monte-Carlo simulations reveal that the quasicrystalline configurations do not correspond to a thermodynamically stable state. On the other hand, steepest descent relaxations and conventional Monte-Carlo simulations suggest that they are rather robust against fluctuations. Local quasicrystalline order in the disordered equilibrium states can be strong.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Demystifying the Performance of HPC Scientific Applications on NVM-based Memory Systems
Creators: name: Peng, Ivy
name: Wu, Kai
name: Ren, Jie
name: Li, Dong
name: Gokhale, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of high-density byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) is promising to accelerate data- and compute-intensive applications. Current NVM technologies have lower performance than DRAM and, thus, are often paired with DRAM in a heterogeneous main memory. Recently, byte-addressable NVM hardware becomes available. This work provides a timely evaluation of representative HPC applications from the "Seven Dwarfs" on NVM-based main memory. Our results quantify the effectiveness of DRAM-cached-NVM for accelerating HPC applications and enabling large problems beyond the DRAM capacity. On uncached-NVM, HPC applications exhibit three tiers of performance sensitivity, i.e., insensitive, scaled, and bottlenecked. We identify write throttling and concurrency control as the priorities in optimizing applications. We highlight that concurrency change may have a diverging effect on read and write accesses in applications. Based on these findings, we explore two optimization approaches. First, we provide a prediction model that uses datasets from a small set of configurations to estimate performance at various concurrency and data sizes to avoid exhaustive search in the configuration space. Second, we demonstrate that write-aware data placement on uncached-NVM could achieve $2$x performance improvement with a 60% reduction in DRAM usage.
description: 34th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS2020)
$1^{-+}$ exotic meson at light quark masses
Creators: name: Hedditch, J. N.
name: Kamleh, W.
name: Lasscock, B. G.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Williams, A. G.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of the $1^{-+}$ exotic meson, created with hybrid interpolating fields, is explored at light quark masses approaching 25 MeV ($m_π/ m_ρ\simeq 1/3$). Access to such light quark masses is facilitated by the use of the Fat-Link Irrelevant Clover (FLIC) fermion action. Additionally, we make use of large ($20^3 \times 40$) lattices to obtain good control of statistical and finite volume errors. Our results indicate that the $1^{-+}$ exotic exhibits significant curvature close the chiral limit, indicating previous linear extrapolations, far from the chiral regime, have overestimated the mass of the $1^{-+}$. We find for the first time in lattice studies a $1^{-+}$ mass in agreement with the $π_1 (1600)$ candidate. We also find a strangeness $\pm$1 $J^P = 1^-$ state with a mass close to 2 GeV.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, published version
Single-pixel coherent diffraction imaging
Creators: name: Li, Meng
name: Bian, Liheng
name: Zheng, Guoan
name: Maiden, Andrew
name: Liu, Yang
name: Li, Yiming
name: Dai, Qionghai
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex-field imaging is indispensable for numerous applications at wavelengths from X-ray to THz, with amplitude describing transmittance (or reflectivity) and phase revealing intrinsic structure of the target object. Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) employs iterative phase retrieval algorithms to process diffraction measurements and is the predominant non-interferometric method to image complex fields. However, the working spectrum of CDI is quite narrow, because the diffraction measurements on which it relies require dense array detection with ultra-high dynamic range. Here we report a single-pixel CDI technique that works for a wide waveband. A single-pixel detector instead of an array sensor is employed in the far field for detection. It repeatedly records the DC-only component of the diffracted wavefront scattered from an object as it is illuminated by a sequence of binary modulation patterns. This decreases the measurements' dynamic range by several orders of magnitude. We employ an efficient single-pixel phase-retrieval algorithm to jointly recover the object's 2D amplitude and phase maps from the 1D intensity-only measurements. No a priori object information is needed in the recovery process. We validate the technique's quantitative phase imaging nature using both calibrated phase objects and biological samples, and demonstrate its wide working spectrum with both 488-nm visible light and 980-nm near-infrared light. Our approach paves the way for complex-field imaging in a wider waveband where 2D detector arrays are not available, with broad applications in life and material sciences.
Colored flux tube in the Euclidean spacetime
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flux tube solution in the Euclidean spacetime with the color longitudinal electric field in the SU(2) Yang - Mills - Higgs theory with broken gauge symmetry is found. Some arguments is given that this flux tube is a pure quantum object in the SU(3) quantum theory reduced to the SU(2) Yang - Mills - Higgs theory.
description: one misprint is corrected
Additional file 1 of Co-option of the limb patterning program in cephalopod eye development
Creators: name: Neal, Stephanie
name: McCulloch, Kyle J.
name: Napoli, Francesca R.
name: Daly, Christina M.
name: Coleman, James H.
name: Koenig, Kristen M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. includes supplemental Figures 1-6. Supplemental Figure 1 is Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees for genes identified in this study. Supplemental Figure 2 is limb network supplemental data. Supplemental Figure 3 is targeted image enlargement of anterior segment gene expression. Supplemental Figure 4 is Wnt signaling expression supplemental data. Supplemental Figure 5 is Wnt agonist and antagonist supplemental data. Supplemental Figure 6 Supplemental in situ hybridization data and quantification. Supplemental Table 1 is are the primer sequences used to clone the genes included in this study.
Renormalization for spin foam models of quantum gravity
Creators: name: Oeckl, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an introductory account to the renormalization of models without metric background. We sketch the application to certain discrete models of quantum gravity such as spin foam models.
description: 5 pages, talk given at the 10th Marcel Grossmann meeting, Rio de Janeiro, July 2003
Additional file 1 of MSA: reproducible mutational signature attribution with confidence based on simulations
Creators: name: Senkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Comparison of MSA performance with existing tools. Performance of MSA benchmarked using real PCAWG consortium data and simulations, compared with SigProfiler and SignatureAnalyzer tools.
The Formation of the Double Gaussian Line Profiles of the Symbiotic Star AG Peg
Creators: name: Hyung, Siek
name: Lee, Seong-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze high dispersion emission lines of the symbiotic nova AG Peg, observed in 1998, 2001, and 2002. The H$α$ and H$β$ lines show three components, two narrow and one underlying broad line components, but most other lines, such as HI, HeI, and HeII lines, show two blue- and red-shifted components only. A recent study by Lee & Hyung (2018) suggested that the double Gaussian lines emitted from a bipolar conic shell is likely to form Raman scattering lines observed in 1998. In this study, we show that the bipolar cone with an opening angle of 74$^{o}$, which expands at a velocity of 70 kms$^{-1}$ along the polar axis of the white dwarf, can accommodate the observed double line profiles in 1998, 2001, and 2002. We conclude that the emission zone of the bipolar conic shell, which formed along the bipolar axis of the white dwarf due to the collimation by the accretion disk, is responsible for the double Gaussian profiles.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, and 4 tables
Compact Clifford-Klein forms of symmetric spaces -- revisited
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
name: Yoshino, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22F30, 22E40, 53C30, 53C35, 57S30

description: This article discusses the existence problem of a compact quotient of a symmetric space by a properly discontinuous group with emphasis on the non-Riemannian case. Discontinuous groups are not always abundant in a homogeneous space $G/H$ if $H$ is non-compact. The first half of the article elucidates general machinery to study discontinuous groups for $G/H$, followed by the most update and complete list of symmetric spaces with/without compact quotients. In the second half, as applications of general theory, we prove: (i) there exists a 15 dimensional compact pseudo-Riemannian manifold of signature $(7,8)$ with constant curvature, (ii) there exists a compact quotient of the complex sphere of dimension 1, 3 and 7, and (iii) there exists a compact quotient of the tangential space form of signature $(p,q)$ if and only if $p$ is smaller than the Hurwitz-Radon number of $q$.
description: Sperical Issue in memory of Professor Armand Borel
Confined systems associated with the discrete Meixner polynomials
Creators: name: Alhaidari, A. D.
name: Taiwo, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a formulation of quantum mechanics based on orthogonal polynomials in the energy and physical parameters, we study quantum systems totally confined in space and associated with the discrete Meixner polynomials. We present several examples of such systems, derive their corresponding potential functions, and plot some of their bound states.
description: 12 pages, 4x2 figures
MPEC 2024-B31 : 2024 BH
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BH

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Convex Fairness Constrained Model Using Causal Effect Estimators
Creators: name: Ogura, Hikaru
name: Takeda, Akiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have seen much research on fairness in machine learning. Here, mean difference (MD) or demographic parity is one of the most popular measures of fairness. However, MD quantifies not only discrimination but also explanatory bias which is the difference of outcomes justified by explanatory features. In this paper, we devise novel models, called FairCEEs, which remove discrimination while keeping explanatory bias. The models are based on estimators of causal effect utilizing propensity score analysis. We prove that FairCEEs with the squared loss theoretically outperform a naive MD constraint model. We provide an efficient algorithm for solving FairCEEs in regression and binary classification tasks. In our experiment on synthetic and real-world data in these two tasks, FairCEEs outperformed an existing model that considers explanatory bias in specific cases.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for the 2nd Workshop on Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, Ethics and Society on the Web (FATES on the Web 2020), held in conjunction with the WWW'20
Voltage control of nuclear spin in ferromagnetic Schottky diodes
Creators: name: Epstein, R. J.
name: Stephens, J.
name: Hanson, M.
name: Chye, Y.
name: Gossard, A. C.
name: Petroff, P. M.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ optical pump-probe spectroscopy to investigate the voltage dependence of spontaneous electron and nuclear spin polarizations in hybrid MnAs/n-GaAs and Fe/n-GaAs Schottky diodes. Through the hyperfine interaction, nuclear spin polarization that is imprinted by the ferromagnet acts on conduction electron spins as an effective magnetic field. We demonstrate tuning of this nuclear field from <0.05 to 2.4 kG by varying a small bias voltage across the MnAs device. In addition, a connection is observed between the diode turn-on and the onset of imprinted nuclear polarization, while traditional dynamic nuclear polarization exhibits relatively little voltage dependence.
description: Submitted to Physical Review B Rapid Communications. 15 pages, 3 figures
Generalized spin-orbit interaction in two-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Eremko, A. A.
name: Brizhik, L.
name: Loktev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05, 81Q37, 03.65.Pm, 03.65.Ta, 73.20.At

description: In frame of Dirac quantum field theory that describes electrons and positrons as elementary excitations of the spinor field, the generalized operator of the spin-orbit interaction is obtained using non-relativistic approximation in the Hamilton operator of the spinor field taking into account the presence of an external potential. This operator is shown to contain a new term in addition to the known ones. By an example of a model potential in the form of a quantum well, it is demonstrated that the Schroedinger equation with the generalized spin-orbit interaction operator describes all spin states obtained directly from the Dirac equation. The dependence of the spin-orbit interaction on the spin states in quasi-two-dimensional systems of electrons localized in a quantum well is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the electric current in the quantum well layer induces the spin polarization of charge carriers near the boundary surfaces of the layer, with the polarization of the charge carriers being opposite at the different surfaces. This phenomenon appears due to the spin-orbit interaction and is known as the spin Hall effect, which was observed experimentally in heterostructures with the corresponding geometry.
description: 23 pages
Photoproduction of Long-Lived Holes and Electronic Processes in Intrinsic Electric Fields Seen through Photoinduced Absorption and Dichroism in Ca_3Ga_{2-x}Mn_xGe_3O_{12} Garnets
Creators: name: Eremenko, V. V.
name: Gnatchenko, S. L.
name: Kachur, I. S.
name: Piryatinskaya, V. G.
name: Ratner, A. M.
name: Kosmyna, M. B.
name: Nazarenko, B. P.
name: Puzikov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-lived photoinduced absorption and dichroism in the Ca_3Ga_{2-x}Mn_xGe_3O_{12} garnets with x < 0.06 were examined versus temperature and pumping intensity. Unusual features of the kinetics of photoinduced phenomena are indicative of the underlying electronic processes. The comparison with the case of Ca_3Mn_2Ge_3O_{12}, explored earlier by the authors, permits one to finally establish the main common mechanisms of photoinduced absorption and dichroism caused by random electric fields of photoproduced charges (hole polarons). The rate of their diffusion and relaxation through recombination is strongly influenced by the same fields, whose large statistical straggling is responsible for a broad continuous set of relaxation components (observed in the relaxation time range from 1 to about 1000 min). For Ca_3Ga_{2-x}Mn_xGe_3O_{12}, the time and temperature dependences of photoinduced absorption and dichroism bear a strong imprint of structure imperfection increasing with x.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Emotional mimicry as social regulator: theoretical considerations
Creators: name: Hess, Ursula
name: Fischer, Agneta
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: emotional mimicry
subject: affiliation
subject: social interaction
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The goal of this article is to discuss theoretical arguments concerning the idea that emotional mimicry is an intrinsic part of our social being and thus can be considered a social act. For this, we will first present the theoretical assumptions underlying the Emotional Mimicry as Social Regulator view. We then provide a brief overview of recent developments in emotional mimicry research and specifically discuss new developments regarding the role of emotional mimicry in actual interactions and relationships, and individual differences in emotional mimicry. We conclude with open questions for future research.
Additional file 2 of MSA: reproducible mutational signature attribution with confidence based on simulations
Creators: name: Senkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: MSA performance across different mutation types on data-driven simulations. Performance of MSA validated for SBS, DBS and ID mutation types using data-driven simulations derived from the PCAWG data.
Fast Time Series Detrending with Applications to Heart Rate Variability Analysis
Creators: name: Andrecut, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Here we discuss a new fast detrending method for the non-stationary RR time series used in Heart Rate Variability analysis. The described method is based on the diffusion equation, and we show numerically that it is equivalent to the widely used Smoothing Priors Approach (SPA) and Wavelet Smoothing Approach (WSA) methods. The speed of the proposed method is comparable to the WSA method and it is several orders of magnitude faster than the SPA method, which makes it suitable for very long time series analysis.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Very cold and massive cores near ISOSS J18364-0221: Implications for the initial conditions of high-mass star-formation
Creators: name: Birkmann, Stephan M.
name: Krause, Oliver
name: Lemke, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of two very cold and massive molecular cloud cores in the region ISOSS J18364-0221. The object has been identified by a systematic search for very early evolutionary stages of high-mass stars using the 170 micron ISOPHOT Serendipity Survey (ISOSS). Submm continuum and molecular line measurements reveal two compact cores within this region. The first core has a temperature of 16.5 K, shows signs of ongoing infall and outflows, has no NIR or MIR counterpart and is massive enough (M ~ 75 M_sun) to form at least one O star with an associated cluster. It is therefore considered a candidate for a genuine high-mass protostar and a high-mass analog to the Class 0 objects. The second core has an average gas and dust temperature of only ~ 12 K and a mass of M ~ 280 M_sun. Its temperature and level of turbulence are below the values found for massive cores so far and are suggested to represent the initial conditions from which high-mass star formation occurs.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Tenebrio molitor: possible source of polystyrene-degrading bacteria
Creators: name: Machona, Oleen
name: Chidzwondo, Farisai
name: Mangoyi, Rumbidzai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Bases for isolates 1, 4 and 5.
Creating a "UBC Farm to Campus food provider program"
Creators: name: Afford, Heather
name: Chandran, Varun
name: Denys, Jessica
name: Haji, Aliya
name: Lee, Samantha
name: Lok, Sandy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: “Local food or the local food movement is a “collaborative effort to build more locally based, self-reliant food economies. Ones in which sustainable food production, processing, distribution and consumption are integrated to enhance economic, environmental and social health.” Local food systems are an alternative to their global corporate models. Global food production is centered on its economic benefits. The intensive production of food and its global distribution has contributed immensely to our deteriorating environment. Instead of obtaining food from our local farms, we have resorted to buying foods that are grown and processed in countries around the world. This inefficiency and its contributing negative impacts are making our world less sustainable. Starting with the Alma Mater Society Food and Beverage Department (AMSFBD) at the University of British Columbia (UBC), we seek to establish a stronger connection between the university community and its invaluable campus farm through the evaluation of the awareness of the university community, its willingness to support the farm, and the ability of the farm and the AMSFBD to meet the needs of each other. In order to strengthen the relationship between the AMSFBD and the UBC Farm, literature reviews from past Agricultural Science 450 (AGSC 450) reports were done, as well as a survey of UBC students. Results from this survey show that the university community is aware of the existence of the on-campus farm. A large majority of students are willing to pay a limited premium for fresh produce from the UBC Farm. Literature reviews and interviews with the AMSFBD and UBCF Farm representatives showed the desirability and feasibility of creating a “UBC Farm to Campus food provider program”. A business proposal was completed and recommendations were given that benefit both groups, as well as other participating partners. A larger sample size for future surveys has been suggested. This will for a more in-depth and accurate analysis of the situation. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
First-principles Study on Piezoelectricity and Spontaneous Polarization in Bi(Fe,Co)O3
Creators: name: Katsumoto, Hiroshi
name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Oguchi, Tamio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid solution BiFe1-xCoxO3 shows anti-ferromagnetic order and pyroelectric order, simultaneously. It has been known that BiFe1-xCoxO3 exhibits a structural phase transition between monoclinic and tetragonal phases as x increases. This kinds of transition is often called morphotoropic phase boundary, which is well known to take place in a representative piezoelectric oxide, PbZr1-xTixO3. In order to theoretically understand the piezoelectric property in BiFe1-xCoxO3, we performed ab-initio electronic-structure calculations and studied the structural stability, the magnetic property, and the electronic polarization by means of super-cell approach. It turns out that the large electric polarization and the particular pyramidal coordination suppress the response of the electric polarization under strain. A way to enhance the piezoelectric effect in BiFe1-xCoxO3 is proposed.
title: Exploring the Influence of Zimbabwean Teachers' and Learners' Attitudes Towards English on Language Use in Primary Classrooms
Creators: name: Mukorera, Mark
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: This study uses a postcolonial sociocultural theoretical framework to investigate the influence of teachers’ and learners’ attitudes towards the national language-in-education policy of using English as medium of instruction on language use in primary classrooms in Zimbabwe. The Zimbabwe national language-in-education policy requires use of learners’ mother tongue as medium of instruction in the first three years of primary education (grades 1-3) with English being taught as a subject. From grade four onwards, English becomes the medium of instruction although the majority of learners at primary school level have limited competence in the language.

Methodology: Within the overall postcolonial sociocultural framework, the study utilises an interpretive methodology to explore primary teachers’ and learners’ attitudes towards English. Interviews and lesson observations are used to collect data from fourteen teachers and thirty six learners from five schools in the Harare Region of Zimbabwe.

Findings: Findings are derived from a thematic analysis of interview and observation data. The study establishes that: i)While most teachers share the same home language as the learners they teach, because of language-in-education policy, they may/do not feel that they can call upon their knowledge of these learners’ home language to support them with their learning. ii)Teachers and learners are in favour of using English as medium of instruction because they perceive that parents are in favour of using English. iii)Teachers and learners do not consider Shona a suitable vehicle for teaching and learning because tests are administered in English and Shona is perceived to lack the necessary technical terms needed to express concepts tested in examinations. In addition teachers and learners are reluctant to use Shona as medium of instruction because learners have limited competence in the variety of Shona used in schools. iv)Although there is widespread support for English-only policies for communication in classrooms there is minimal adherence to the policies by both teachers and learners in all schools. v)Code-switching by teachers and learners occurs frequently in classes despite official opposition.

Conclusions, Contributions and Recommendations: The study concludes by suggesting grounds for re-thinking the language-in-education policy framework in Zimbabwe in order to allow for the complementary use of English and learners’ mother tongue at primary school level so that learning opportunities for learners with limited competence in English are maximised. The study makes a contribution to theory by showing that postcolonial sociocultural theory can be used successfully to explore how the historical context can help to unravel some of the contradictions that manifest themselves in contexts where English is used as medium of instruction alongside other languages.
MPEC 2024-B32 : 2024 BJ
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BJ

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A note on instanton counting for N=2 gauge theories with classical gauge groups
Creators: name: Marino, Marcos
name: Wyllard, Niclas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the prepotential of N=2 gauge theories using the instanton counting techniques introduced by Nekrasov. For the SO theories without matter we find a closed expression for the full prepotential and its string theory gravitational corrections. For the more subtle case of Sp theories without matter we discuss general features and compute the prepotential up to instanton number three. We also briefly discuss SU theories with matter in the symmetric and antisymmetric representations. We check all our results against the predictions of the corresponding Seiberg-Witten geometries.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX. v2: refs added. v3: typos corrected