cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Examination of the validity of the computed intermediate apparent resistivity points in the Wenner and offset Wenner configuration of sounding.pdf
Creators: name: BELGROUN Mohamed Walid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40401 Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods in Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Geophysics
subject: 40499 Geophysics not elsewhere classified

description: AbstractThe Wenner and offset Wenner array is among the quite recent configurations used toassess and reduce the disturbing lateral effect in resistivity soundings. Even if this systemcould be considered as one of the most efficient configurations for this purpose so far, therestricted number of measuring points makes its vertical resolution limited. To fix this lim-itation, Barker found out a specific equation by which resistance values at points halfwaybetween the actual measuring ones are computed without being measured. This aim wasreached by combining expressions of electric potentials at various electrode spacings. Forthe same purpose, three other equations were worked out and tested. For a single sounding,resistance values were computed at intermediate points by the mean of these equations.Observational errors were also calculated using Barker’s formulae. The computed resist-ance values were found to be contaminated by these errors, in varying degrees to the extentthat some of them were lacking reliability. Furthermore, at each electrode spacing, thedifferences between the interpolated and the assumed resistivity values on a straight linejoining the actual measuring points were calculated. After normalizing these differences totheir corresponding averages, the RMS of these normalized differences were computed fora set of soundings using the four equations. Finally, a comparison of the obtained resultswith the errors of measurements from the reliability of the computed resistance values wasmade. This comparison allowed classifying these equations from the reliability of the inter-mediate resistivity values perspective. In addition, Barker’s choice of one of these equa-tions as the one that gives the most satisfactory results is justified.
de Sitter duality and logarithmic decay of dark energy
Creators: name: Kitamoto, Hiroyuki
name: Kitazawa, Yoshihisa
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate infrared dynamics of four-dimensional Einstein gravity in de Sitter space. We set up a general framework to investigate dynamical scaling relations in quantum/classical gravitational theories. The conformal mode dependence of Einstein gravity is renormalized to the extent that general covariance is not manifest. We point out that the introduction of an inflaton is necessary as a counterterm. We observe and postulate a duality between quantum effects in Einstein gravity and classical evolutions in an inflation (or quintessence) model. The effective action of Einstein gravity can be constructed as an inflation model with manifest general covariance. We show that $g=G_N H^2/π$: the only dimensionless coupling of the Hubble parameter $H^2$ and the Newton's coupling $G_N$ in Einstein gravity is screened by the infrared fluctuations of the conformal mode. We evaluate the one-loop $β$ function of $g$ with respect to the cosmic time $\log Ht$ as $β(g)=-(1/2)g^2$, i.e., $g$ is asymptotically free toward the future. The exact $β$ function with the backreaction of $g$ reveals the existence of the ultraviolet fixed point. It indicates that the de Sitter expansion stared at the Planck scale with a minimal entropy $S=2$. We have identified the de Sitter entropy $1/g$ with the von Neumann entropy of the conformal zero mode. The former evolves according to the screening of $g$ and the Gibbons-Hawking formula. The latter is found to increase by diffusion in the stochastic process at the horizon in a consistent way. Our Universe is located very close to the fixed point $g=0$ with a large entropy. We discuss possible physical implications of our results such as logarithmic decay of dark energy.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure, matches published version
Additional file 4 of Mannose-binding lectin 2 gene polymorphisms and their association with tuberculosis in a Chinese population
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xian
name: Gong, Wen-Ping
name: Zhu, Dong-Lin
name: An, Hui-Ru
name: Yang, You-Rong
name: Liang, Yan
name: Wang, Jie
name: Tang, Jing
name: Zhao, Wei-guo
name: Wu, Xue-Qiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Association analysis of MBL2 SNPs between TB subgroups and healthy controls under a dominant and recessive genetic model.
Octreotide Does Not Inhibit Proliferation in Five Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines
Creators: name: Exner, Samantha
name: Prasad, Vikas
name: Wiedenmann, Bertram
name: Grötzinger, Carsten
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: neuroendocrine tumor
subject: somatostatin receptor
subject: somatostatin analog
subject: cell line
subject: octreotide
subject: radiation sensitivity
subject: peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
subject: expression
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Somatostatin analogs (SSA) are well-established antisecretory drugs in functionally active neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Two placebo-controlled trials have recently demonstrated significant improvement of progression-free survival under SSA treatment. Furthermore, somatostatin receptor (SSTR) overexpression in NET has also been utilized for diagnostic imaging and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). However, PRRT in NET is associated mostly with partial and minor remission, while other radionuclide therapies reach complete remissions in up to 75% of cases. This study assessed a potential radio-sensitizing effect of SSA treatment in five established NET cell line models: BON, QGP-1, LCC-18, H727, and UMC-11. Irradiation was found to significantly inhibit proliferation, while no additional effect by octreotide treatment was observed. Intriguingly, no impact of SSA treatment alone was found in any of these NET cell lines when systematically analyzing cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle distribution. Investigation of the causes for this octreotide resistance led to demonstration of low octreotide binding and scarce SSTR, specifically SSTR2 expression as compared to levels found in human NETs. The resistance toward SSA treatment in viability and proliferation assays could not be overcome by re-expression of SSTR2 in two of the cell lines. These results provide systematic evidence for a lack of authentic, tumor-like SSTR expression, and function in five frequently used NET cell line models and point to the need for more physiologic tumor model systems.
Relativistic electron impact ionization cross sections of carbon ions and application to an optically thin plasma
Creators: name: de Avillez, Miguel A.
name: Guerra, Mauro
name: Santos, José Paulo
name: Breitschwerdt, Dieter
name: Évora, University of
name: Berlin, Technical University
name: Lisbon, New University of
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Determination of K- and L-shell cross sections of the carbon atom and ions using the modified relativistic binary encounter Bethe (MRBEB) method, a simple analytical scheme based on one atomic parameter that allows determining electron-impact ionization cross sections. The quality of the cross sections calculated with the MRBEB method is shown through: (i) comparison with those obtained with the general ionization processes in the presence of electrons and radiation (GIPPER) code and the flexible atomic code (FAC), and (ii) determination of their effects on the ionic structure and cooling of an optically thin plasma. Results. The three sets of cross sections show deviations among each other in different energy regions. The largest deviations occur near and in the peak maximum. Ion fractions and plasma emissivities of an optically thin plasma that evolves under collisional ionization equilibrium, derived using each set of cross sections, show deviations that decrease with increase in temperature and ionization degree. In spite of these differences, the calculations using the three sets of cross sections agree overall. Conclusions. A simple model like the MRBEB is capable of providing cross sections similar to those calculated with more sophisticated quantum mechanical methods in the GIPPER and FAC codes.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, section 12. Atomic, molecular, and nuclear data of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Petalocephaloides Kato
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Petalocephaloides

description: Genus Petalocephaloides Kato
 Petalocephaloides Kato, 1931: 436.
 Type species. P. laticapitata Kato, 1931: 436, fig. 7, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Kato (1931): “Head large, vertex about as long as breadth between eyes, including eyes broader than pronotum, ocelli not prominent, placed on disk almost middle and slightly nearer to each other than to eyes, lateral margins gradually narrowed to apex, centrally longitudinally sulcate; pronotum about as long as vertex, more or less convex, central longitudinal carina wanting; scutellum centrally foveate; tegmina coriaceous, veins prominent, sparingly granulate.”
 Species. [1]: laticapitata Kato.
 Range. Taiwan (Mt. Taihei; Mt. Taiko)
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. None.
 Remarks. Kato’s description of P. laticapitata is of a female. He made no examination of genitalia and no reference to leg or tarsal characters that might distinguish P. laticapitata from other closely related ledrine genera. It is possible that this species is a junior synonym of one in another genus, perhaps for which only a male has been described. The location of the type specimen of P. laticapitata, part of Kato’s (1931) personal collection, is unknown.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Energy-Casimir, dynamically accessible, and Lagrangian stability of extended magnetohydrodynamic equilibria
Creators: name: Kaltsas, D. A.
name: Throumoulopoulos, G. N.
name: Morrison, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formal stability analysis of Eulerian extended magnetohydrodynamics (XMHD) equilibria is considered within the noncanonical Hamiltonian framework by means of the energy-Casimir variational principle and the dynamically accessible stability method. Specifically, we find explicit sufficient stability conditions for axisymmetric XMHD and Hall MHD (HMHD) equilibria with toroidal flow and for equilibria with arbitrary flow under constrained perturbations. The dynamically accessible, second-order variation of the Hamiltonian, which can potentially provide explicit stability criteria for generic equilibria, is also obtained. Moreover, we examine the Lagrangian stability of the general quasineutral two-fluid model written in terms of MHD-like variables, by finding the action and the Hamiltonian functionals of the linearized dynamics, working within a mixed Lagrangian-Eulerian framework. Upon neglecting electron mass, we derive a HMHD energy principle, and in addition, the perturbed induction equation arises from Hamilton's equations of motion in view of a consistency condition for the relation between the perturbed magnetic potential and the canonical variables.
Baryogenesis with four-fermion operators in low-scale models
Creators: name: Dent, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a nonstandard proposal for baryogenesis in models with a low (O(10-100)TeV) fundamental scale. The scenario has Standard Model field content and enhanced baryon number violating operators deriving from time-dependent fermion localization in an extra dimension. The CKM matrix provides sufficient CP violation. The major constraints are the low reheating temperature and rate of perturbative B-violating reactions compared to the total entropy created. A sufficient baryon fraction may arise, but the cosmological evolution required is likely to be somewhat contrived. Based on work in collaboration with D.J.H. Chung.
description: 10 pages latex, graphicx + amssymb, 2 figures. Talk presented at M-Theory Cosmology conference, August 2001, Cambridge (UK), also contributed to Erice ISSP '01 Proceedings, "New Fields and Strings in Subnuclear Physics". v3: references added
Improved ontology-based similarity calculations using a study-wise annotation model
Creators: name: Köhler, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: human phenotype ontology
subject: semantic similarity
subject: diagnostics
subject: searches
subject: diseases
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: A typical use case of ontologies is the calculation of similarity scores between items that are annotated with classes of the ontology. For example, in differential diagnostics and disease gene prioritization, the human phenotype ontology (HPO) is often used to compare a query phenotype profile against gold-standard phenotype profiles of diseases or genes. The latter have long been constructed as flat lists of ontology classes, which, as we show in this work, can be improved by exploiting existing structure and information in annotation datasets or full text disease descriptions. We derive a study-wise annotation model of diseases and genes and show that this can improve the performance of semantic similarity measures. Inferred weights of individual annotations are one reason for this improvement, but more importantly using the study-wise structure further boosts the results of the algorithms according to precision-recall analyses. We test the study-wise annotation model for diseases annotated with classes from the HPO and for genes annotated with gene ontology (GO) classes. We incorporate this annotation model into similarity algorithms and show how this leads to improved performance. This work adds weight to the need for enhancing simple list-based representations of disease or gene annotations. We show how study-wise annotations can be automatically derived from full text summaries of disease descriptions and from the annotation data provided by the GO Consortium and how semantic similarity measure can utilize this extended annotation model.
Special directions in the Brillouin zone
Creators: name: Kontrym-Sznajd, G.
name: Jura, A.
name: Samsel-Czekala, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rules are given for determining special directions in the Brillouin zone which optimize the descrip-tion of various physical quantities with Gamma1 type symmetry. We consider the cubic, hexagonal, tetragonal and trigonal (e.g. Bi) lattice. These rules allow us to construct, in all of momentum space, quantities which have the full symmetry of the Brillouin zone such as the Fermi surface, momentum density and others, from the knowledge of these quantities for a limited number of spe-cial directions. These results can also be used for determining the projections which should be measured either in Compton scattering or in positron annihilation experiments in order to recon-struct properly the electron momentum density. Such a treatment is approximately equivalent to applying Gaussian quadrature in calculations of the radial functions that occur in the expansion of data into lattice harmonics.
TIL TA'LIMI VA XORIJ  TAJRIBASI
Creators: name: Sultonova, Nursulu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada  Ispaniya ta’limida til o’qitilishi (5-sinf darsligi misolida) hamda Ispaniya va bizdagi til o’qitilishidagi farqlarining qiyosi tahlili o’rganildi.
Demand for Beef Associated with Country of Origin Labeling
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei Agyemang
name: Naanwaab, Cephas B.
name: Otchere, Richmond
name: Yeboah, Osei Agyemang
name: Naanwaab, Cephas B.
name: Otchere, Richmond
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Country of Origin Labeling
subject: Linear Approximate/Almost Ideal Demand

description: With the major concern of the COOL policy being the cost incurred by meat producers, retail chain stores, and others within the supply chain, a number of individuals and organizations have formulated estimates of the extra costs and elasticities related to the implementation of COOL. As supporters of the law claim it provides valuable information to consumers, opponents on the other hand suggest its cost far outweighs any possible benefits and poses financial burden on U.S meat producers. This paper estimates the demand for beef associated with the country of origin labeling. A Linear Approximate/Almost Ideal Demand System model is used to demonstrate the supply and demand functions and relationships for beef, pork and chicken. Quantities of beef, pork, and chicken are separately regressed on average quarterly U.S. retail price, in a system of equations setting. Estimated elasticities for beef, pork and chicken were used to calculate the relative changes in price and quantity in response to the COOL-induced supply and demand. Results indicated that, the own-price elasticity of beef is inelastic after the implementation of COOL.
The extent of strangeness in equilibration in quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Pal, Dipali
name: Sen, Abhijit
name: Mustafa, Munshi Golam
name: Srivastava, Dinesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution and production of strangeness from chemically equilibrating and transversely expanding quark gluon plasma which may be formed in the wake of relativistic heavy ion collisions is studied with initial conditions obtained from the Self Screened Parton Cascade (SSPC) model. The extent of partonic equilibration increases almost linearly with the square of the initial energy density, which can then be scaled with number of participants.
description: 4 pages including three figures, talk given at ICPAQGP'01, Jaipur, India, to appear in Pramana - Journal of Physics, Indian Academy of Science
Cardiac (myo)fibroblasts modulate the migration of monocyte subsets
Creators: name: Pappritz, Kathleen
name: Savvatis, Konstantinos
name: Koschel, Annika
name: Miteva, Kapka
name: Tschöpe, Carsten
name: Linthout, Sophie Van
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cardiac fibroblasts
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Cardiac fibroblasts play an important role in the regulation of the extracellular matrix and are newly recognized as inflammatory supporter cells. Interferon (IFN)-gamma is known to counteract transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1-induced myofibroblast differentiation. This study aims at investigating in vitro how IFN-gamma affects TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte attraction. Therefore, C4 fibroblasts and fibroblasts obtained by outgrowth culture from the left ventricle (LV) of male C57BL6/j mice were stimulated with TGF-beta 1, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1 + IFN-gamma. Confirming previous studies, IFN-gamma decreased the TGF-beta 1-induced myofibroblast differentiation, as obviated by lower collagen I, III, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), lysyl oxidase (Lox)-1 and lysyl oxidase-like (LoxL)-2 levels in TGF-beta 1 + IFN-gamma-versus TGF-beta 1-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts. TGF-beta 1 + IFN-gamma-stimulated C4 and cardiac fibroblasts displayed a higher CC-chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, CCL7 and chemokine C-X3-C motif ligand (Cx3CL1) release versus sole TGF-beta 1- stimulated fibroblasts. Analysis of migrated monocyte subsets towards the different conditioned media further revealed that sole TGF-beta 1- and IFN-gamma-conditioned media particularly attracted Ly6C(low) and Ly6C(high) monocytes, respectively, as compared to control media. In line with theses findings, TGF-beta 1 + IFN-gamma-conditioned media led to a lower Ly6C(low)/Ly6C(high) monocyte migration ratio compared to sole TGF-beta 1 treatment. These differences in monocyte migration reflect the complex interplay of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-fibrotic factors in cardiac remodelling and inflammation.
Timescale separation solution of Kadanoff-Baym equations for quantum transport in time-dependent fields
Creators: name: Honeychurch, Thomas D.
name: Kosov, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction with time-dependent external fields, especially the interplay between time-dependent driving and quantum correlations, changes the familiar picture of electron transport through nanoscale systems. Although the exact solution of the problem of AC quantum transport of noninteracting electrons has been known for more than two decades, the treatment of correlated particles presents a significant theoretical challenge. In this paper, using the perturbative separation of fast electron tunnelling and slow driving time-scales, we developed a practical approach for time-dependent quantum transport with nonequilibrium Green's functions. The fast electronic dynamics is associated with relative time whilst the slow driving is related to the central time in the Green's functions. The ratio of characteristic electron tunneling time over the period of harmonic driving is used as a small parameter in the theory to obtain a convergent time-derivative expansions of the Green's functions. This enables the algebraic solution of the Kadanoff-Baym equations in Wigner space. Consequently, we produced analytical expressions for dynamical corrections to advanced, retarded, and lesser Green's functions, as well as an improved expression for AC electric current. The method developed is applicable to the general case of multi-channel electron transport through a correlated central region. The theory is applied to different transport scenarios: time-dependent transport through a driven single-resonant level is compared to exact results; and electron transport through a molecular junction described by the Holstein model with a time-oscillating voltage bias is also investigated.
Public Support for Growth and Funding in Built Environments: Case of an Arboretum
Creators: name: Penn, Jerrod M.
name: Trull, Nathaniel U.
name: Hu, Wuyang
name: Penn, Jerrod M.
name: Trull, Nathaniel U.
name: Hu, Wuyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Arboretum
subject: Botanical Gardens
subject: Willingness to Pay

description: This study uses a choice experiment to identify user values of potential structural improvements in a university arboretum. The survey was distributed to arboretum visitors (N=300) during Arbor Day weekend 2014. The six Choice Experiment attributes were the potential installation of a Pollinator Garden, Covered Picnic Tables, Vending Machines, and more controversially, a Perimeter Fence, a commuter Bike Path, with a monthly parking pass as the payment vehicle. These attributes were chosen to guide policy decisions for potential revenue generation (e.g. vending machines and parking) and to attract new visitors without alienating current users. It was important to choose attributes that were within the control of the arboretum. To date, we know of only one published study in the United States considering arboretum value by Downing and Roberts (1991), which used the Travel Cost Method to consider holistic values of another university’s arboretum. Results show the greatest positive WTP for the pollinator garden at $3.65 per user per month. While the bike path and perimeter fence are controversial issues in the surrounding neighborhoods, our results show a high WTP in favor of a bike path and a high WTP to avoid installing a perimeter fence. Surprisingly, respondents were also strongly against vending machines. These results provide evidence for the Arboretum leadership to make informed funding and infrastructure decisions most harmonious with public values.
Platyledra Evans
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Platyledra

description: Genus Platyledra Evans
(Pl. 3D–F, 10I, 16C–D, 19C)
 Platyledra Evans, 1936: 39.
 Type species. P. hirsuta Evans, 1936: 40, figs. 5a, 5b, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Evans (1936): “The head is spatulate, narrowing apically to a point; dorsally it is convex, ventrally concave. The lateral sutures of the frons are deep, the lora depressed, and the clypeus small and pearshaped. The maxillary plates are narrow. The ocelli are on the dorsal surface, well in front of the eyes, and are closer to the eyes on each side than to each other. There is a well-defined dorsal median longitudinal keel that extends on to the pronotum, and the head, which has in addition irregular small ridges on its dorsal surface, is wider medianly [sic] than across the eyes. The pronotum is collar-like and more or less rectangular, the tegmina are coriaceous, the veins raised in relief, and the venation reticulate. The metathoracic tibiae are flattened and spineless, each of the outer edges bearing a fringe of short hairs only. The ovipositor, which extends well beyond the apex of the folded tegmina, is concave ventrally and tectiform dorsally.”
 Species. [3]: acuminata (Distant); caldida Evans; hirsuta Evans.
 Range. Australia (Queensland: Caloundra; South Australia: Ooldea; Victoria: Toolangi)
 Host plants. Tomatoes (Solanaceae).
 Material examined. P. acuminata: 1 female, Australia, ASCU, JRJ _Led1_142; P. caldida: 1 male, Australia, USNM, JRJ _Led_143; P. hirsuta: 1 female, Australia, BMNH, JRJ _Led1_144.
 Remarks. Members of Platyledra are defined by their acuminate crowns and dorsoventrally depressed pronota bearing a single medial longitudinal crest. They form a monophyletic group (the Jukaruka genus group) with Jukaruka and Ledropsella.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Interpreting Verbal Irony: Linguistic Strategies and the Connection to the Type of Semantic Incongruity
Creators: name: Ghosh, Debanjan
name: Musi, Elena
name: Upasani, Kartikeya
name: Muresan, Smaranda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human communication often involves the use of verbal irony or sarcasm, where the speakers usually mean the opposite of what they say. To better understand how verbal irony is expressed by the speaker and interpreted by the hearer we conduct a crowdsourcing task: given an utterance expressing verbal irony, users are asked to verbalize their interpretation of the speaker's ironic message. We propose a typology of linguistic strategies for verbal irony interpretation and link it to various theoretical linguistic frameworks. We design computational models to capture these strategies and present empirical studies aimed to answer three questions: (1) what is the distribution of linguistic strategies used by hearers to interpret ironic messages?; (2) do hearers adopt similar strategies for interpreting the speaker's ironic intent?; and (3) does the type of semantic incongruity in the ironic message (explicit vs. implicit) influence the choice of interpretation strategies by the hearers?
description: Accepted at Society for Computation in Linguistics (SCiL), 2020 Conference
Towards a Novel Patch Material for Cardiac Applications: Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix Introduces Essential Key Features to Decellularized Amniotic Membrane
Creators: name: Becker, Matthias
name: Maring, Janita A.
name: Schneider, Maria
name: Herrera Martin, Aarón X.
name: Seifert, Martina
name: Klein, Oliver
name: Braun, Thorsten
name: Falk, Volkmar
name: Stamm, Christof
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: extracellular matrix
subject: hydrogel
subject: cardioprotection
subject: patch
subject: epicardium
subject: amnion
subject: immunocompatibility
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: There is a growing need for scaffold material with tissue-specific bioactivity for use in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and for surgical repair of structural defects. We developed a novel composite biomaterial by processing human cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) into a hydrogel and combining it with cell-free amniotic membrane via a dry-coating procedure. Cardiac biocompatibility and immunogenicity were tested in vitro using human cardiac fibroblasts, epicardial progenitor cells, murine HL-1 cells, and human immune cells derived from buffy coat. Processing of the ECM preserved important matrix proteins as demonstrated by mass spectrometry. ECM coating did not alter the mechanical characteristics of decellularized amniotic membrane but did cause a clear increase in adhesion capacity, cell proliferation and viability. Activated monocytes secreted less pro-inflammatory cytokines, and both macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 type and T cell proliferation were prevented. We conclude that the incorporation of human cardiac ECM hydrogel shifts and enhances the bioactivity of decellularized amniotic membrane, facilitating its use in future cardiac applications.
Porcorhinus Goding 1903
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Porcorhinus

description: Genus Porcorhinus Goding
(Pl. 3G)
 Porcorhinus Goding, 1903: 38.
 Type species. P. mastersi Goding, 1903: 38, pl. I, figs. 12, 15, 16, by original designation.
 Synonymy. Gudwana Distant, 1917: 189 (type species Gudwana typica Distant 1917: 189).
 Description. Goding (1903): “Head large, porrect, quadrangular, superior surface nearly horizontal, lightly convex and furnished with a strong median horizontal longitudinal carina; ocelli below a line passing through centre of the prominent eyes, nearer to each other than to the eyes. Prothorax, for some distance from the base, convex, nearly horizontal, conforming to the base of the porrect head, after which it is broadened, vertical, and produced above each lateral angle in a large, triquetrous, conical, ear-shaped horn, which extends upward, outward and forward, the apex turned a little backward; the dorsum is very broad between these horns, and destitute of a median longitudinal carina; destitute of a posterior process, the posterior edge deeply and broadly sulcate forward. Scutellum as long as broad, the apex pointed, base rounded. Tegmina long, broad, reticulate, with numerous venules; clavus very broad at base, gradually acuminate to apex, with two veins. Wings very large, nearly equal in size to the tegmina, with the four apical cells, the first and third very long, the second shortest. Legs very long, femora slender, cylindrical and curved; tibiae slender, quadrilateral, the posterior pair with a row of denticles along the posterior edge; tarsi normal.”
 Species. [1]: mastersi Goding.
 Range. Australia (New South Wales: Springwood, Sydney; Queensland: Mt. Tambourine)
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. P. mastersi: 1 female, 1 (abdomen missing), Australia, ASCU, JRJ _Led1_145, 468.
 Remarks. Porcorhinus is monobasic. It is at once recognizable by its prominent pronotal horns, as well as its smooth texture and deep yellow color (in dried specimens).
 Porcorhinus appears to belong to a group of species within the Australian Ledrini that also includes E. primitiva and L. froggatti (which may deserve its own genus), united by the perpendicular keel (Pl. 18F_1) on valvulae II of the females, the subtrapezoidal shape of the posterior margin of the pronotum (Pl. 1H, 2H–I, 3G), and the absence of coronal setae.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Renormalization of Discrete Models without Background
Creators: name: Oeckl, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional renormalization methods in statistical physics and lattice quantum field theory assume a flat metric background. We outline here a generalization of such methods to models on discretized spaces without metric background. Cellular decompositions play the role of discretizations. The group of scale transformations is replaced by the groupoid of changes of cellular decompositions. We introduce cellular moves which generate this groupoid and allow to define a renormalization groupoid flow. We proceed to test our approach on several models. Quantum BF theory is the simplest example as it is almost topological and the renormalization almost trivial. More interesting is generalized lattice gauge theory for which a qualitative picture of the renormalization groupoid flow can be given. This is confirmed by the exact renormalization in dimension two. A main motivation for our approach are discrete models of quantum gravity. We investigate both the Reisenberger and the Barrett-Crane spin foam model in view of their amenability to a renormalization treatment. In the second case a lack of tunable local parameters prompts us to introduce a new model. For the Reisenberger and the new model we discuss qualitative aspects of the renormalization groupoid flow. In both cases quantum BF theory is the UV fixed point.
description: 40 pages, 17 figures, LaTeX + AMS + XY-pic + eps; added subsection 4.3 on relation to spin network diagrams, reference added, minor adjustments
Chronic kidney disease induces a systemic microangiopathy, tissue hypoxia and dysfunctional angiogenesis
Creators: name: Prommer, Hans-Ulrich
name: Maurer, Johannes
name: Websky, Karoline Von
name: Freise, Christian
name: Sommer, Kerstin
name: Nasser, Hamoud
name: Samapati, Rudi
name: Reglin, Bettina
name: Guimarães, Pedro
name: Pries, Axel Radlach
name: Querfeld, Uwe
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chronic kidney disease
subject: Cardiovascular disease
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with excessive mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction, an early manifestation of CVD, is consistently observed in CKD patients and might be linked to structural defects of the microcirculation including microvascular rarefaction. However, patterns of microvascular rarefaction in CKD and their relation to functional deficits in perfusion and oxygen delivery are currently unknown. In this in-vivo microscopy study of the cremaster muscle microcirculation in BALB/c mice with moderate to severe uremia, we show in two experimental models (adenine feeding or subtotal nephrectomy), that serum urea levels associate incrementally with a distinct microangiopathy. Structural changes were characterized by a heterogeneous pattern of focal microvascular rarefaction with loss of coherent microvascular networks resulting in large avascular areas. Corresponding microvascular dysfunction was evident by significantly diminished blood flow velocity, vascular tone, and oxygen uptake. Microvascular rarefaction in the cremaster muscle paralleled rarefaction in the myocardium, which was accompanied by a decrease in transcription levels not only of the transcriptional regulator HIF-1 alpha, but also of its target genes Angpt-2, TIE-1 and TIE-2, Flkt-1 and MMP-9, indicating an impaired hypoxia-driven angiogenesis. Thus, experimental uremia in mice associates with systemic microvascular disease with rarefaction, tissue hypoxia and dysfunctional angiogenesis.
10.1007_s40328-018-0236-x.pdf
Creators: name: BELGROUN Mohamed Walid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40401 Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods in Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Geophysics
subject: 40499 Geophysics not elsewhere classified

description: AbstractThe Wenner and offset Wenner array is among the quite recent configurations used toassess and reduce the disturbing lateral effect in resistivity soundings. Even if this systemcould be considered as one of the most efficient configurations for this purpose so far, therestricted number of measuring points makes its vertical resolution limited. To fix this lim-itation, Barker found out a specific equation by which resistance values at points halfwaybetween the actual measuring ones are computed without being measured. This aim wasreached by combining expressions of electric potentials at various electrode spacings. Forthe same purpose, three other equations were worked out and tested. For a single sounding,resistance values were computed at intermediate points by the mean of these equations.Observational errors were also calculated using Barker’s formulae. The computed resist-ance values were found to be contaminated by these errors, in varying degrees to the extentthat some of them were lacking reliability. Furthermore, at each electrode spacing, thedifferences between the interpolated and the assumed resistivity values on a straight linejoining the actual measuring points were calculated. After normalizing these differences totheir corresponding averages, the RMS of these normalized differences were computed fora set of soundings using the four equations. Finally, a comparison of the obtained resultswith the errors of measurements from the reliability of the computed resistance values wasmade. This comparison allowed classifying these equations from the reliability of the inter-mediate resistivity values perspective. In addition, Barker’s choice of one of these equa-tions as the one that gives the most satisfactory results is justified.
Gauge theory of second class constraints without extra variables
Creators: name: Batalin, Igor
name: Marnelius, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that any theory with second class constraints may be cast into a gauge theory if one makes use of solutions of the constraints expressed in terms of the coordinates of the original phase space. We perform a Lagrangian path integral quantization of the resulting gauge theory and show that the natural measure follows from a superfield formulation.
description: 12 pages, Latexfile
Goldstone modes in the emergent gauge fields of a frustrated magnet
Creators: name: Garratt, Samuel J.
name: Chalker, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider magnon excitations in the spin-glass phase of geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets with weak exchange disorder, focussing on the nearest-neighbour pyrochlore-lattice Heisenberg model at large spin. The low-energy degrees of freedom in this system are represented by three copies of a U(1) emergent gauge field, related by global spin-rotation symmetry. We show that the Goldstone modes associated with spin-glass order are excitations of these gauge fields, and that the standard theory of Goldstone modes in Heisenberg spin glasses (due to Halperin and Saslow) must be modified in this setting.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, published in Phys. Rev. B
CD1-Restricted T Cells During Persistent Virus Infections: "Sympathy for the Devil"
Creators: name: Schönrich, Günther
name: Raftery, Martin J.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: human CD1 molecules
subject: antigen presentation
subject: persisting viruses
subject: viral immune evasion
subject: NKT cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Some of the clinically most important viruses persist in the human host after acute infection. In this situation, the host immune system and the viral pathogen attempt to establish an equilibrium. At best, overt disease is avoided. This attempt may fail, however, resulting in eventual loss of viral control or inadequate immune regulation. Consequently, direct virus-induced tissue damage or immunopathology may occur. The cluster of differentiation 1 (CD1) family of non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I molecules are known to present hydrophobic, primarily lipid antigens. There is ample evidence that both CD1-dependent and CD1-independent mechanisms activate CD1-restricted T cells during persistent virus infections. Sophisticated viral mechanisms subvert these immune responses and help the pathogens to avoid clearance from the host organism. CD1-restricted T cells are not only crucial for the antiviral host defense but may also contribute to tissue damage. This review highlights the two edged role of CD1-restricted T cells in persistent virus infections and summarizes the viral immune evasion mechanisms that target these fascinating immune cells.
Using Augmented Reality to Enhance Interpretative Exhibitions within Cultural Sites
Creators: name: Brown, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 190299 Film, Television and Digital Media not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design

description: This research looks at how digital technologies such as spatial augmented reality, interactive displays and participatory activities can enhance a visit to an interpretative exhibition within a cultural site. The aim was to see how it impacts the educational, engagement and immersive qualities of a visitor attraction, and how the physical space can be enhanced by these technologies.
A two-day public exhibition was held at St Johns church in Leeds, Yorkshire, in which quantitative and qualitative data was collected from participants. The data revealed that augmented reality does enhance visitor engagement with the space. It also shows that interactive activities are the most successful in creating engagement and knowledge transfer, and that focusing on ways to increase social engagement between participants allows for a deeper experience. It also confirms that a user can simultaneously learn from the activities and be impressed by the technologies employed, with neither overshadowing the other.
Multiple flux jumps and irreversible behavior of thin Al superconducting rings
Creators: name: Vodolazov, D. Y.
name: Peeters, F. M.
name: Dubonos, S. V.
name: Geim, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental and theoretical investigation was made of flux jumps and irreversible magnetization curves of mesoscopic Al superconducting rings. In the small magnetic field region the change of vorticity with magnetic field can be larger than unity. This behavior is connected with the existence of several metastable states of different vorticity. The intentional introduction of a defect in the ring has a large effect on the size of the flux jumps. Calculations based on the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model allows us to explain the experimental results semi-quantitatively.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Neurofascin and Compact Myelin Antigen-Specific T Cell Response Pattern in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Subtypes
Creators: name: Diederich, Jan-Markus
name: Staudt, Maximilian
name: Meisel, Christian
name: Hahn, Katrin
name: Meinl, Edgar
name: Meisel, Andreas
name: Klehmet, Juliane
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
subject: neurofascin
subject: myelin basic protein
subject: myelin protein zero
subject: T cell response
subject: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy subtypes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate whether chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and its subtypes differ in their type 1 T-helper (TH1) cell response against nodal/paranodal neurofascin (NF186, NF155) as well as myelin protein zero (PO 180-199) and myelin basic protein (MBP 82-100). Methods: Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunospot assay was used to detect antigen-specific T cell responses in 48 patients suffering typical CIDP (n = 18), distal acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy (n = 8), multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor polyneuropathy (MADSAM; n = 9), and sensory CIDP (n = 13) compared to other non-immune polyneuropathy (ON; n = 19) and healthy controls (n = 9). Results: Compared to controls, MADSAM and sensory CIDP patients showed broadest IFN-gamma T cell responses to all four antigens. Positive IFN-gamma responses against two or more antigens were highly predictive for CIDP (positive predictive value = 0.95) and were found in 77% of CIDP patients. Patients with limited antigen-specific response were females, more severely affected with neuropathic pain and proximal paresis. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of NF186 in MADSAM was 0.94 [95% confidential interval (Cl) 0.82-1.00] compared to ON. For sensory CIDP, AUG of PO 180-199 was 0.94 (95% Cl 0.86-1.00) and for MBP 82-100 0.95 (95% Cl 0.88-1.00) compared to ON. Conclusion: Cell-mediated immune responses to (para)nodal and myelin-derived antigens are common in CIDP. TH1 response against NF186 may be used as a biomarker for MADSAM and TH1 responses against PO 180-199 and MBP 82-100 as biomarkers for sensory CIDP. Larger multicenter studies study are warranted in order to establish these immunological markers as a diagnostic tools.