cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of regional distribution of tau pathology with 11C-PBB3-PET in a clinical setting
Creators: name: Yousefzadeh-Nowshahr, Elham
name: Winter, Gordon
name: Bohn, Peter
name: Kneer, Katharina
name: Arnim, Christine Von
name: Otto, Markus
name: Solbach, Philipp Christoph
name: Straub, Sarah
name: Polivka, Dörte
name: Fissler, Patrick
name: Strobel, Joachim
name: Kletting, Peter
name: Riepe, Matthias W.
name: Higuchi, Makoto
name: Glatting, Gerhard
name: Ludolph, Albert C.
name: Beer, Ambros
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer's disease
subject: Cingulate cortex
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Alzheimer disease
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid
subject: Biomarkers
subject: Positron-emission tomography
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Neuroimaging
subject: Temporal lobe
subject: Gyrus cinguli
subject: Alzheimerkrankheit
subject: Biomarker
subject: Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie
subject: Kernspintomografie
subject: Temporallappen

description: Purpose The recent developments of tau-positron emission tomography (tau-PET) enable in vivo assessment of neuropathological tau aggregates. Among the tau-specific tracers, the application of 11C-pyridinyl-butadienyl-benzothiazole 3 (11C-PBB3) in PET shows high sensitivity to Alzheimer disease (AD)-related tau deposition. The current study investigates the regional tau load in patients within the AD continuum, biomarker-negative individuals (BN) and patients with suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) using 11C-PBB3-PET. Materials and methods A total of 23 memory clinic outpatients with recent decline of episodic memory were examined using 11C-PBB3-PET. Pittsburg compound B (11C-PIB) PET was available for 17, 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET for 16, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels for 11 patients. CSF biomarkers were considered abnormal based on Aβ42 (< 600 ng/L) and t-tau (> 450 ng/L). The PET biomarkers were classified as positive or negative using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis and visual assessment. Using the amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) scheme, patients were grouped as within the AD continuum, SNAP, and BN based on amyloid and neurodegeneration status. The 11C-PBB3 load detected by PET was compared among the groups using both atlas-based and voxel-wise analyses. Results Seven patients were identified as within the AD continuum, 10 SNAP and 6 BN. In voxel-wise analysis, significantly higher 11C-PBB3 binding was observed in the AD continuum group compared to the BN patients in the cingulate gyrus, tempo-parieto-occipital junction and frontal lobe. Compared to the SNAP group, patients within the AD continuum had a considerably increased 11C-PBB3 uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex. There was no significant difference between SNAP and BN groups. The atlas-based analysis supported the outcome of the voxel-wise quantification analysis. Conclusion Our results suggest that 11C-PBB3-PET can effectively analyze regional tau load and has the potential to differentiate patients in the AD continuum group from the BN and SNAP group.
Chremistica Stal 1870
Creators: name: Hajong, Sudhanya Ray
name: Yaakop, Salmah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Chremistica

description: Genus Chremistica Stål, 1870
Cicada (Chremistica) Stål, 1870: 714 [For further references before 1980 see: Metcalf 1963; Duffels & Van der Laan 1985]. Chremistica; Hayashi 1987: 124-125; Chou et al. 1997; 265-273; Boulard 2001a: 114-117; Boulard 2001b: 130.
Diagnosis: Head triangular, longer than half the distance between eyes, tegmina and wings hyaline, eyes oblique, longer than broad, pronotum broader than distance between eyes. Rostrum with median black line and dark apex reaching middle or hind coxae. Apical margin of male operculum rounded and not reaching posterior margin of sternite. Abdominal segment three with prominent white spots; male pygofer with a pair of basal and a pair of lateral lobes. clasper well developed with lateral and medial lobes. Aedeagus long, basal plate convex.
description: Published as part of Hajong, Sudhanya Ray & Yaakop, Salmah, 2013, Chremistica ribhoi sp. n. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from North-East India and its mass emergence, pp. 493-500 in Zootaxa 3702 (5) on page 494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.5.8, http://zenodo.org/record/218150
Increased osteoclastogenesis contributes to bone loss in the Costello syndrome Hras G12V mouse model
Creators: name: Nandi, Sayantan
name: Chennappan, Saravanakkumar
name: Andrasch, Yannik
name: Fidan, Miray
name: Engler, Melanie
name: Ahmad, Mubashir
name: Tuckermann, Jan P.
name: Zenker, Martin
name: Cirstea, Ion Cristian
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: RASopathy
subject: Costello syndrome
subject: osteoclastogenesis
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Osteoclasts
subject: Bones ; Growth
subject: H-ras
subject: Osteoporose
subject: Osteoklast

description: RAS GTPases are ubiquitous GDP/GTP-binding proteins that function as molecular switches in cellular signalling and control numerous signalling pathways and biological processes. Pathogenic mutations in RAS genes severely affect cellular homeostasis, leading to cancer when occurring in somatic cells and developmental disorders when the germline is affected. These disorders are generally termed as RASopathies and among them Costello syndrome (CS) is a distinctive entity that is caused by specific HRAS germline mutations. The majority of these mutations affect residues 12 and 13, the same sites as somatic oncogenic HRAS mutations. The hallmarks of the disease include congenital cardiac anomalies, impaired thriving and growth, neurocognitive impairments, distinctive craniofacial anomalies, and susceptibility to cancer. Adult patients often present signs of premature aging including reduced bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Using a CS mouse model harbouring a Hras G12V germline mutation, we aimed at determining whether this model recapitulates the patients’ bone phenotype and which bone cells are driving the phenotype when mutated. Our data revealed that Hras G12V mutation induces bone loss in mice at certain ages. In addition, we identified that bone loss correlated with an increased number of osteoclasts in vivo and Hras G12V mutations increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Last, but not least, mutant osteoclast differentiation was reduced by treatment in vitro with MEK and PI3K inhibitors, respectively. These results indicate that Hras is a novel regulator of bone homeostasis and an increased osteoclastogenesis due to Hras G12V mutation contributes to bone loss in the Costello syndrome.
AI coding assistants (advanced)
Creators: name: Münzer, Leona Elisabeth
name: Schiller-Stoff, Sebastian David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The workshop AI Coding Assistants (Advanced), conducted by Leona Elisabeth Münzer and Sebastian David Schiller-Stoff at the University of Graz, explores AI-powered coding tools like GitHub Copilot, Codeium, and Google Colab’s integrated assistants. It provides hands-on demonstrations and exercises to showcase features such as autocomplete, chat-driven coding, and code refactoring.

Key focus areas include:

Tool Comparison: Evaluating AI coding assistants for scripting, code suggestions, and debugging.

Use Cases: Experiments demonstrate AI’s ability to assist in tasks like refactoring procedural code to object-oriented paradigms, efficient prompting, and managing “misleading context” problems.

Efficiency: Participants engage in "TODO-driven software engineering," utilizing incremental prompts and interventions for improved workflow.

This session emphasizes the potential and limitations of AI coding assistants while fostering practical, critical judgment for developers at all skill levels.
The evaluation of a physical health promotion intervention for people with severe mental illness receiving community based accommodational support: a mixed-method pilot study
Creators: name: Kirschner, Viola Sofie
name: Lamp, Natalie
name: Dinc, Ümmügülsüm
name: Becker, Thomas
name: Kilian, Reinhold
name: Müller-Stierlin, Annabel Sandra
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sheltered living
subject: Motivational interviewing
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Mental illness
subject: Interviewing
subject: Health promotion
subject: Mental disorders
subject: Psychische Störung
subject: Gesundheitsförderung
subject: Betreutes Wohnen
subject: Interview

description: Background Unhealthy lifestyle constitutes a cause of increased morbidity and mortality in people with severe mental illness. The aim of this mixed-method pilot study was to investigate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of an intervention to promote a health-conscious lifestyle in comparison to care as usual among people with severe mental illness receiving accommodational support in community settings. Methods This was a prospective, quasi-experimental, controlled study over four six-month assessment points (t0, + 6 months, + 12 months, + 18 months) with 70 persons with severe mental illness receiving community based accommodational support. Mental health staff members of the housing facilities were trained in Motivational Interviewing and conducted a six-week health course with the intervention group participants in addition to care as usual. Next to the primary outcome - self-rated physical well-being (FEW 16) - anthropometric parameters and unhealthy behaviours (diet, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and oral hygiene) were examined. Effectiveness analysis was conducted using mixed-effects regression models with propensity score adjustment to control for selection bias. One year after the end of the intervention, semi-standardized expert interviews were conducted with 12 of these employees and evaluated by content analysis. Results The qualitative interviews with mental health staff underline the intervention’s feasibility in people with severe mental illness in sheltered housing, and the acceptability of and satisfaction with the intervention among mental health workers. But in this pilot study no superiority of the HELPS intervention compared to routine care could be demonstrated in terms of the investigated outcomes. Conclusions The findings of this pilot study underscore the feasibility and acceptability of health promotion programmes based on Motivational Interviewing and highlight the need to further develop multi-modal programs according to the needs of the target group. Long-term and sustainable support for healthy lifestyles of people with severe mental illness receiving community mental health care requires multi-modal concepts and organisational change.
Low-Tubal-Rank Tensor Recovery via Factorized Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiyu
name: Han, Zhi
name: Tang, Yandong
name: Zhao, Xi-Le
name: Wang, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers the problem of recovering a tensor with an underlying low-tubal-rank structure from a small number of corrupted linear measurements. Traditional approaches tackling such a problem require the computation of tensor Singular Value Decomposition (t-SVD), that is a computationally intensive process, rendering them impractical for dealing with large-scale tensors. Aim to address this challenge, we propose an efficient and effective low-tubal-rank tensor recovery method based on a factorization procedure akin to the Burer-Monteiro (BM) method. Precisely, our fundamental approach involves decomposing a large tensor into two smaller factor tensors, followed by solving the problem through factorized gradient descent (FGD). This strategy eliminates the need for t-SVD computation, thereby reducing computational costs and storage requirements. We provide rigorous theoretical analysis to ensure the convergence of FGD under both noise-free and noisy situations. Additionally, it is worth noting that our method does not require the precise estimation of the tensor tubal-rank. Even in cases where the tubal-rank is slightly overestimated, our approach continues to demonstrate robust performance. A series of experiments have been carried out to demonstrate that, as compared to other popular ones, our approach exhibits superior performance in multiple scenarios, in terms of the faster computational speed and the smaller convergence error.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Deep Neural Networks as Variational Solutions for Correlated Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Mellak, Johannes
name: Arrigoni, Enrico
name: von der Linden, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we apply deep neural networks to find the non-equilibrium steady state solution to correlated open quantum many-body systems. Motivated by the ongoing search to find more powerful representations of (mixed) quantum states, we design a simple prototypical convolutional neural network and show that parametrizing the density matrix directly with more powerful models can yield better variational ansatz functions and improve upon results reached by neural density operator based on the restricted Boltzmann machine. Hereby we give up the explicit restriction to positive semi-definite density matrices. However, this is fulfilled again to good approximation by optimizing the parameters. The great advantage of this approach is that it opens up the possibility of exploring more complex network architectures that can be tailored to specific physical properties. We show how translation invariance can be enforced effortlessly and reach better results with fewer parameters. We present results for the dissipative one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model and a two-dimensional dissipative Heisenberg model compared to exact values.
Operation and performance of the ATLAS tile calorimeter in LHC Run 2
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS tile calorimeter (TileCal) is the hadronic sampling calorimeter covering the central region of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This paper gives an overview of the calorimeter's operation and performance during the years 2015-2018 (Run 2). In this period, ATLAS collected proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and the TileCal was $99.65\%$ efficient for data-taking. The signal reconstruction, the calibration procedures, and the detector operational status are presented. The performance of two ATLAS trigger systems making use of TileCal information, the minimum-bias trigger scintillators and the tile muon trigger, is discussed. Studies of radiation effects allow the degradation of the output signals at the end of the LHC and HL-LHC operations to be estimated. Finally, the TileCal response to isolated muons, hadrons and jets from proton-proton collisions is presented. The energy and time calibration methods performed excellently, resulting in good stability and uniformity of the calorimeter response during Run 2. The setting of the energy scale was performed with an uncertainty of $2\%$. The results demonstrate that the performance is in accordance with specifications defined in the Technical Design Report.
description: 79 pages in total, author list starting page 62, 36 figures, 4 tables, published in Eur. Phys. J. C 84 (2024) 1313. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TCAL-2021-01/
4$f$ electron temperature driven ultrafast electron localization
Creators: name: Yamagami, Kohei
name: Ueda, Hiroki
name: Staub, Urs
name: Zhang, Yujun
name: Yamamoto, Kohei
name: Park, Sang Han
name: Kwon, Soonnam
name: Mitsuda, Akihiro
name: Wada, Hirofumi
name: Uozumi, Takayuki
name: Mimura, Kojiro
name: Wadati, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Valence transitions in strongly correlated electron systems are caused by orbital hybridization and Coulomb interactions between localized and delocalized electrons. The transition can be triggered by changes in the electronic structure and is sensitive to temperature variations, applications of magnetic fields, and physical or chemical pressure. Launching the transition by photoelectric fields can directly excite the electronic states and thus provides an ideal platform to study the correlation among electrons on ultrafast timescales. The EuNi$_2$(Si$_{0.21}$Ge$_{0.79}$)$_2$ mixed-valence metal is an ideal material to investigate the valence transition of the Eu ions via the amplified orbital hybridization by the photoelectric field on sub-picosecond timescales. A direct view on the 4$f$ electron occupancy of the Eu ions is required to understand the microscopic origin of the transition. Here we probe the 4$f$ electron states of EuNi$_2$(Si$_{0.21}$Ge$_{0.79}$)$_2$ at the sub-ps timescale after photoexcitation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy across the Eu $M_5$-absorption edge. The observed spectral changes due to the excitation indicate a population change of total angular momentum multiplet states $J$ = 0, 1, 2, and 3 of Eu$^{3+}$, and the Eu$^{2+}$ $J$ = 7/2 multiplet state caused by an increase in 4$f$ electron temperature that results in a 4$f$ localization process. This electronic temperature increase combined with fluence-dependent screening accounts for the strongly non-linear effective valence change. The data allow us to extract a time-dependent determination of an effective temperature of the 4$f$ shell, which is also of great relevance in the understanding of metallic systems' properties, such as the ultrafast demagnetization of ferromagnetic rare-earth intermetallics and their all-optical magnetization switching.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Nonlocality activation in a photonic quantum network
Creators: name: Villegas-Aguilar, Luis
name: Polino, Emanuele
name: Ghafari, Farzad
name: Quintino, Marco Túlio
name: Laverick, Kiarn
name: Berkman, Ian R.
name: Rogge, Sven
name: Shalm, Lynden K.
name: Tischler, Nora
name: Cavalcanti, Eric G.
name: Slussarenko, Sergei
name: Pryde, Geoff J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell nonlocality refers to correlations between two distant, entangled particles that challenge classical notions of local causality. Beyond its foundational significance, nonlocality is crucial for device-independent technologies like quantum key distribution and randomness generation. Nonlocality quickly deteriorates in the presence of noise, and restoring nonlocal correlations requires additional resources. These often come in the form of many instances of the input state and joint measurements, incurring a significant resource overhead. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that single copies of Bell-local states, incapable of violating any standard Bell inequality, can give rise to nonlocality after being embedded into a quantum network of multiple parties. We subject the initial entangled state to a quantum channel that broadcasts part of the state to two independent receivers and certify the nonlocality in the resulting network by violating a tailored Bell-like inequality. We obtain these results without making any assumptions about the prepared states, the quantum channel, or the validity of quantum theory. Our findings have fundamental implications for nonlocality and enable the practical use of nonlocal correlations in real-world applications, even in scenarios dominated by noise.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. Final version published in Nature Communications
Trombiculindus manooni
Creators: name: Nielsen, David H.
name: Robbins, Richard G.
name: Rueda, Leopoldo M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Trombiculidae
Trombiculindus
Trombiculindus manooni

description: Trombiculindus manooni (Suzuki, 1980):
ORI
Leptotrombidium (Trombiculindus) manooni Suzuki, 1980
Trombiculindus manooni, Stekolnikov 2021
description: Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4745510
Coupling Constants as Conserved Charges in Black Hole Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Hajian, Kamal
name: Tekin, Bayram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a generic theory of gravity coupled to matter fields, the Smarr formula for black holes does not work properly if the contributions of the coupling constants defining the theory are not incorporated. However, these couplings, such as the cosmological constant or the dimensionful parameters that appear in the Lagrangian, are fixed parameters defining the theory, and they cannot be varied. Here, we present a robust method, applicable to any covariant Lagrangian, that upgrades the role of the couplings from being constants in the theory to being free parameters of the solutions. To this end, for each one of the couplings in a theory, a pair of auxiliary scalar and gauge fields is introduced. The couplings are shown to be conserved charges of the global part of the implemented gauge symmetry. Besides, their conjugate chemical potentials are defined as the electric potential of the corresponding gauge fields on the black hole horizon. Using this method, we systematically extend the first law and the Smarr formula by coupling conserved charges and their conjugate potentials. The thermodynamics of a black hole solution in a quadratic gravity theory is given as an example.
description: Published version
WELL Factsheet: Finding water and sanitation information on the internet
Creators: name: Krukkert, JIngeborg
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024

description: For many people, the Internet has become the first medium to turn to when they need information. Water and sanitation professionals are no different. Currently there are around 1 billion Internet users worldwide1 who can access trillions of WWW pages with information. These pages are not indexed by subject headings, author or title as in library databases. So, how to find the information you are looking for? Is it enough to use Google? In many cases it is, but in many cases it is not and it would be better to use other search services. This fact sheet focuses on water and sanitation information on the Internet. It gives insight in to what is available and what search tool you could use for which purpose. It also provides some tips on how to evaluate the quality of the information you have found and keep track of information in the water and sanitation sector.Produced by WEDC and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine for the Department of International Development (DFID) of the UK government (now the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)), this archive collection of WELL factsheets remains relevant. It covers topics ranging from the anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater through to water quality and safety plans.
Anatomy of Vector-Like Top-Quark Models in the Alignment Limit of the 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type-II
Creators: name: Arhrib, Abdesslam
name: Benbrik, Rachid
name: Boukidi, Mohammed
name: Manaut, Bouzid
name: Moretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive extension of the ordinary 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), supplemented by Vector-Like Quarks (VLQs), in the "alignment limit" is presented. In such a scenario, we study the possibility that Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches for VLQs can profile their nature too, i.e., whether they belong to a singlet, doublet, or triplet representation. To achieve this, we exploit both Standard Model (SM) decays of VLQs with top-(anti)quark Electromagnetic (EM) charge ($T$), i.e., into $b,t$ quarks and $W^\pm, Z,h$ bosons (which turn out to be suppressed and hence $T$ states can escape existing limits) as well as their exotic decays, i.e., into $b,t$ (and possibly $B$) quarks and $H^\pm, H, A$ bosons. We show that quite specific decay patterns emerge in the different VLQ representations so that, depending upon which $T$ signals are accessed at the LHC, one may be able to ascertain the underlying Beyond Standard Model (BSM) structure, especially if mass knowledge of the new fermionic and bosonic sectors can be inferred from (other) data.
description: 30 pages, 21 figures. Matches the published version in EPJC. The x-axis and y-axis labels of Figure 11 (right) have been corrected
Fluctuation-Induced First Order Transition to Collective Motion
Creators: name: Martin, David
name: Spera, Gianmarco
name: Chaté, Hugues
name: Duclut, Charlie
name: Nardini, Cesare
name: Tailleur, Julien
name: van Wijland, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the transition to collective motion in assemblies of aligning self-propelled particles remains a long-standing matter of debate. In this article, we focus on dry active matter and show that weak fluctuations suffice to generically turn second-order mean-field transitions into a `discontinuous' coexistence scenario. Our theory shows how fluctuations induce a density-dependence of the polar-field mass, even when this effect is absent at mean-field level. In turn, this dependency on density triggers a feedback loop between ordering and advection that ultimately leads to an inhomogeneous transition to collective motion and the emergence of inhomogeneous travelling bands. Importantly, we show that such a fluctuation-induced first order transition is present in both metric models, in which particles align with neighbors within a finite distance, and in `topological' ones, in which alignment is based on more complex constructions of neighbor sets. We compute analytically the noise-induced renormalization of the polar-field mass using stochastic calculus, which we further back up by a one-loop field-theoretical analysis. Finally, we confirm our analytical predictions by numerical simulations of fluctuating hydrodynamics as well as of topological particle models with either k-nearest neighbors or Voronoi alignment.
description: 61 pages, 9 figures
Disparities in access to US quantum information education
Creators: name: Meyer, Josephine C.
name: Passante, Gina
name: Wilcox, Bethany R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Driven in large part by the National Quantum Initiative Act of 2018, quantum information science (QIS) coursework and degree programs are rapidly spreading across US institutions. Yet prior work suggests that access to quantum workforce education is unequally distributed, disproportionately benefiting students at private research-focused institutions whose student bodies are unrepresentative of US higher education as a whole. We use regression analysis to analyze the distribution of QIS coursework across 456 institutions of higher learning as of fall 2022, identifying statistically significant disparities across institutions in particular along the axes of institution classification, funding, and geographic distribution suggesting today's QIS education programs are largely failing to reach low-income and rural students. We also conduct a brief analysis of the distribution of emerging dedicated QIS degree programs, discovering much the same trends. We conclude with a discussion of implications for educators, policymakers, and education researchers including specific policy recommendations to direct investments in QIS education to schools serving low-income and rural students, leverage existing grassroots diversity and inclusion initiatives that have arisen within the quantum community, and update and modernize procedures for collecting QIS educational data to better track these trends.
description: Submitted to Phys Rev Phys Educ Res (revised, not copy-edited)
Near-Field Beam Training: Joint Angle and Range Estimation with DFT Codebook
Creators: name: Wu, Xun
name: You, Changsheng
name: Li, Jiapeng
name: Zhang, Yunpu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Prior works on near-field beam training have mostly assumed dedicated polar-domain codebook and on-grid range estimation, which, however, may suffer long training overhead and degraded estimation accuracy. To address these issues, we propose in this paper new and efficient beam training schemes with off-grid range estimation by using conventional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) codebook. Specifically, we first analyze the received beam pattern at the user when far-field beamforming vectors are used for beam scanning, and show an interesting result that this beam pattern contains useful user angle and range information. Then, we propose two efficient schemes to jointly estimate the user angle and range with the DFT codebook. The first scheme estimates the user angle based on a defined angular support and resolves the user range by leveraging an approximated angular support width, while the second scheme estimates the user range by minimizing a power ratio mean square error (MSE) to improve the range estimation accuracy. Finally, numerical simulations show that our proposed schemes greatly reduce the near-field beam training overhead and improve the range estimation accuracy as compared to various benchmark schemes.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Eudorylas Aczel 1940
Creators: name: FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Pipunculidae
Eudorylas

description: D) REVISION OF THE GENUS EUDORYLAS ACZÉL, 1940
Eudorylas Aczél, 1940: 151. Type species: Pipunculus fuscipes Zetterstedt, 1844, by subsequent designation (ruling of the ICZN 2002: 143, Opinion 2000, Case 3132).
Metadorylas Rafael, 1987: 35. Types species: Pipunculus schreiteri Shannon, 1927, by original designation, syn.: Skevington and Yeates (2001): 438.
Diagnosis—Pedicel usually with very short bristles, pterostigma present, tegula with 0–2 hairs. Distal tibial spines on first four tibiae usually present, front femur usually with rows of ventral spines. ST8 usually with membranous area, surstyli and gonopods asymmetrical, phallus trifid, ejaculatory apodeme fan shaped, sperm pump elongate with two distal tails. For more details see Skevington and Yeates (2001).
description: Published as part of FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of the tribe Eudorylini (Diptera, Pipunculidae), pp. 1-121 in Zootaxa 3656 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3656.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6039126
Representations of the $su(1,1)$ current algebra and probabilistic perspectives
Creators: name: Floreani, Simone
name: Jansen, Sabine
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R10, 33C45, 60K35, 60H40

description: We construct three representations of the $su(1,1)$ current algebra: in extended Fock space, with Gamma random measures, and with negative binomial (Pascal) point processes. For the second and third representations, the lowering and neutral operators are generators of measure-valued branching processes (Dawson-Watanabe superprocesses) and spatial birth-death processes. The vacuum is the constant function $1$ and iterated application of raising operators yields Laguerre and Meixner polynomials. In addition, we prove a Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula and give an explicit formula for the action of unitaries $\exp( k^+(ξ) - k^-(ξ))\exp(2 \mathrm i k^0(θ))$ on exponential vectors. We explain how the representations fit in with a general scheme proposed by Araki and with representations of the $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ current group with Vershik, Gelfand and Graev's multiplicative measure.
description: 36 pages
Quantum Microservices Development and Deployment
Creators: name: Moguel, Enrique
name: Garcia-Alonso, Jose
name: Haghparast, Majid
name: Murillo, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early advances in the field of quantum computing have provided new opportunities to tackle intricate problems in areas as diverse as mathematics, physics, or healthcare. However, the technology required to construct such systems where different pieces of quantum and classical software collaborate is currently lacking. For this reason, significant advancements in quantum service-oriented computing are necessary to enable developers to create and operate quantum services and microservices comparable to their classical counterparts. Therefore, the core objective of this work is to establish the necessary technological infrastructure that enables the application of the benefits and lessons learned from service-oriented computing to the domain of quantum software engineering. To this end, we propose a pipeline for the continuous deployment of services. Additionally, we have validated the proposal by making use of a modification of the OpenAPI specification, the GitHub Actions, and AWS.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
The cost-effectiveness analysis of an integrated mental health care programme in Germany
Creators: name: Mueller-Stierlin, Annabel Sandra
name: Dinc, Uemmueguelsuem
name: Herder, Katrin
name: Walendzik, Julia
name: Schuetzwohl, Matthias
name: Becker, Thomas
name: Kilian, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: integrated care
subject: assertive community treatment
subject: health economics
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Mental illness
subject: Mental disorders; Therapy
subject: Cost-effectiveness analysis
subject: Health care economics and organizations
subject: Delivery of health care, Integrated
subject: Psychische Störung
subject: Ärztliche Behandlung
subject: Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse
subject: Gesundheitsökonomie

description: The network for mental health (NWpG = Netzwerk psychische Gesundheit) is an umbrella association for non-medical community mental health care facilities across Germany which are enabled to provide multi-professional mental health care packages including medical and psychosocial services reimbursed by German statutory health insurances since 2009. The aim of this study is to analyse the cost-effectiveness of providing NWpG mental health care packages plus treatment as usual (NWpG) to treatment as usual alone (TAU) in Germany. In a prospective, multicenter, controlled trial over 18 months, a total of 511 patients (NWpG = 251; TAU = 260) were observed in five regions, four times at six-month intervals. The EQ-5D-3L and the Client Sociodemographic and Service Receipt Inventory (CSSRI) were used to estimate quality-adjusted life-years and total costs of illness. Propensity score-adjusted cost–utility analysis was applied using the net benefit approach. No significant differences in costs and QALYs between NWpG and TAU groups were identified. The probability of NWpG being cost-effective compared to TAU was estimated below 75% for maximum willingness to pay (MWTP) values between 0 and 125,000 EUR. The additional provision of the NWpG package is not cost-effective compared to TAU alone.
IBVC: Interpolation-driven B-frame Video Compression
Creators: name: Xu, Chenming
name: Liu, Meiqin
name: Yao, Chao
name: Lin, Weisi
name: Zhao, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learned B-frame video compression aims to adopt bi-directional motion estimation and motion compensation (MEMC) coding for middle frame reconstruction. However, previous learned approaches often directly extend neural P-frame codecs to B-frame relying on bi-directional optical-flow estimation or video frame interpolation. They suffer from inaccurate quantized motions and inefficient motion compensation. To address these issues, we propose a simple yet effective structure called Interpolation-driven B-frame Video Compression (IBVC). Our approach only involves two major operations: video frame interpolation and artifact reduction compression. IBVC introduces a bit-rate free MEMC based on interpolation, which avoids optical-flow quantization and additional compression distortions. Later, to reduce duplicate bit-rate consumption and focus on unaligned artifacts, a residual guided masking encoder is deployed to adaptively select the meaningful contexts with interpolated multi-scale dependencies. In addition, a conditional spatio-temporal decoder is proposed to eliminate location errors and artifacts instead of using MEMC coding in other methods. The experimental results on B-frame coding demonstrate that IBVC has significant improvements compared to the relevant state-of-the-art methods. Meanwhile, our approach can save bit rates compared with the random access (RA) configuration of H.266 (VTM). The code will be available at https://github.com/ruhig6/IBVC.
description: Submitted to Pattern Recognition
T5APR: Empowering Automated Program Repair across Languages through Checkpoint Ensemble
Creators: name: Gharibi, Reza
name: Sadreddini, Mohammad Hadi
name: Fakhrahmad, Seyed Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated program repair (APR) using deep learning techniques has become an important area of research in recent years, aiming to automatically generate bug-fixing patches that can improve software reliability and maintainability. However, most existing methods either target a single language or require high computational resources to train multilingual models. In this paper, we propose T5APR, a novel neural program repair approach that provides a unified solution for bug fixing across multiple programming languages. T5APR leverages CodeT5, a powerful pre-trained text-to-text transformer model, and adopts a checkpoint ensemble strategy to improve patch recommendation. We conduct comprehensive evaluations on six well-known benchmarks in four programming languages (Java, Python, C, JavaScript), demonstrating T5APR's competitiveness against state-of-the-art techniques. T5APR correctly fixes 1,985 bugs, including 1,442 bugs that none of the compared techniques has fixed. We further support the effectiveness of our approach by conducting detailed analyses, such as comparing the correct patch ranking among different techniques. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of T5APR for use in real-world applications and highlight the importance of multilingual approaches in the field of APR.
description: Accepted to the Journal of Systems and Software
A polyclonal SELEX aptamer library allows differentiation of candida albicans, C. auris and C. parapsilosis cells from human dermal fibroblasts
Creators: name: Kneißle, Katharina
name: Krämer, Markus
name: Kissmann, Ann-Kathrin
name: Xing, Hu
name: Müller, Franziska
name: Amann, Valerie
name: Noschka, Reiner
name: Gottschalk, Kay-Eberhard
name: Bozdogan, Anil
name: Andersson, Jakob
name: Weil, Tanja
name: Spellerberg, Barbara
name: Stenger, Steffen
name: Rosenau, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: biosensing
subject: pathogenic yeasts
subject: polyclonal library
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Biosensors
subject: Aptamer
subject: SELEX

description: Easy and reliable identification of pathogenic species such as yeasts, emerging as problematic microbes originating from the genus Candida, is a task in the management and treatment of infections, especially in hospitals and other healthcare environments. Aptamers are seizing an already indispensable role in different sensing applications as binding entities with almost arbitrarily tunable specificities and optimizable affinities. Here, we describe a polyclonal SELEX library that not only can specifically recognize and fluorescently label Candida cells, but is also capable to differentiate C. albicans, C. auris and C. parapsilosis cells in flow-cytometry, fluorometric microtiter plate assays and fluorescence microscopy from human cells, exemplified here by human dermal fibroblasts. This offers the opportunity to develop diagnostic tools based on this library. Moreover, these specific and robust affinity molecules could also serve in the future as potent binding entities on biomaterials and as constituents of technical devices and will thus open avenues for the development of cost-effective and easily accessible next generations of electronic biosensors in clinical diagnostics and novel materials for the specific removal of pathogenic cells from human bio-samples.
Angular Correlation Function from sample covariance with BOSS and eBOSS LRG
Creators: name: Ferreira, Paula S.
name: Reis, Ribamar R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) are one of the most used probes to understand the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Traditional methods rely on fiducial model information within their statistical analysis, which may be a problem when constraining different families of models. This work aims to provide a method that constrains $θ_{BAO}$ through a model-independent approach using the covariance matrix from the galaxy sample from thin redshift bins, later validated with a mock sample covariance matrix. We used widths of $δz = 0.002$ separation for all samples as the basis for a sample covariance matrix weighted by the statistical importance of the redshift bin. Each sample belongs to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: BOSS1, BOSS2, and eBOSS, with effective redshift $z_{eff}$: 0.35, 0.51, 0.71, and different numbers of bins with 50, 100, and 200. To get $θ_{BAO}$, we correct the angular separation from the polynomial fit ($θ_{fit}$) by comparing each bin correlation function with the correlation function of the whole set, a parameter named $\tildeα$. We also tested such correction by choosing the bin at $z_{eff}$ and found that for eBOSS $θ_{BAO}$ is in $1 σ$ agreement with the Planck 18 model. Finally, we found that the sample covariances are noisy compared to the mocks for lower $z$ samples, something expected due to nonlinear effects. Such noise impact can be seen in the parameter constraints but does not affect the eBOSS covariance sample. It is shown that mocks' results do tend to its chosen fiducial cosmology $θ_{BAO}$. BOSS1 and BOSS2 showed agreement with Planck 18 and an agreement with Pantheon + S$H_0$ES when $\tildeα$ is based on the bin $z=z_{eff}$.
description: 18 pages Changed figures and included comparison between old and new method with the mocks
Eudorylas abdominalis
Creators: name: FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Pipunculidae
Eudorylas
Eudorylas abdominalis

description: Eudorylas abdominalis (Loew, 1858)
(Fig. 39M)
Pipunculus abdominalis Loew 1858: 374 [1860: 354].
Diagnosis: All tergites in lateral view and T5 entirely are yellow. But only the female HT is known so far therefore identifications must be made with caution.
Type material: South Africa: 1♀, HT, Caffraria [2 hand-written labels:] “235.”, “167”, [typewritten label:] “ Pipunculus abdominalis ” (NHRS).
Other material examined: South Africa: 1♀, Natal Umgeni Calley Ranch, 1km N Howick 2930 Ac, 7-IV-1980, R. Miller & P. Stabbins; (NMSA).
Female
Head. Third antennal segment acuminate; yellow. Face silvery pollinose. Frons, upper part shining black, Vshaped turns (in the middle of the frons) continuously into the silvery pollinose (lower) part. Occiput, lower half silvery pollinose, upper half brownish.
Thorax. Humeri yellow. Mesonotum (viewed obliquely from front) silvery pollinose; also grey from the side. Scutellum grey, with 3–4 pairs of pale hairs. Dorsocentral hairs very weakly developed. Halter yellow.
Legs. Completely yellow. Ventroapical row of 4–5 very short, dark spines on f2; no spines on f1,3. Subapical (distal) spines on first four tibiae well developed. One or two erect, pale anteromedial hairs on 3rd tibia. Hind trochanter covered with minute brown hairs on ventral side. Pulvilli slightly longer than last tarsal segment.
Wing. Fourth costal section as long as third costal section. Cross-vein R-M at 2/5 of discal cell. Pterostigma fully coloured. Hairs on tegula missing.
Abdomen. Viewed obliquely from front tergites (shining): T1 yellow-brown completely, T2–4 brown in the middle (ca. 1/3), yellow on both sides dorsally, T5 almost entirely brown. In lateral view all tergites are yellow. Hairs dispersed, pale and weakly developed. Laterally 2 dark spines on first tergite.
Ovipositor (Fig. 39M). Base dark brown, piercer yellow-brown, about as long as base.
Male—no males with certain association.
Remarks —The type specimen was collected during a Swedish expedition to southern and south-eastern Africa led by J.A. Wahlberg. The numbers refer to particular localities, but the list of localities had disappeared and correct labels had never been produced according to Thomas Pape, NHRS (pers. comm.). The specimen is from “Caffraria”, which refers to a large part of current South Africa. Loew 1858 (p. 374) gives the type locality as “Caffraria (Wahlb.)”, but does not mention the number of specimens he had studied.
Distributional data other than listed in material examined are based on De Meyer 1996.
Distribution— Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe.
description: Published as part of FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of the tribe Eudorylini (Diptera, Pipunculidae), pp. 1-121 in Zootaxa 3656 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3656.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6039126