cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The first observation of okadaic acid in Mytilus edulis from the Gulf of Finland
Creators: name: Pimiä, V.
name: Kankaanpää, H.
name: Kononen, K.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1997

description: Levels of okadaic acid, a DSP toxin, were determined in the soft tissues of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. The mussels were collected by divers at Långskär, an island a few kilometres off Tvärminne in the western Gulf of Finland. The dived mussels were placed in plastic baskets at two stations, at Storgadden (59°47´N, 23°19´E) in the western Gulf of Finland, and at Huovari (60°24´N, 27°40´E) in the eastern Gulf of Finland. Due to economical difficulties the mussels couldn´t be systematically sampled by divers. At both stations, between April and September, the mussels were kept for 3–4-week periods in baskets at depths of 5 m and 30 m. After 3–4 weeks, the sampled mussels in the baskets were replaced with the new ones. During each sampling, in Storgadden and Huovari, the mussels from both depths were combined for toxin analysis. Plankton samples were taken from the surface water layer (0–10 m) during mussel sampling. At Storgadden, the mussels sampled in May and at Huovari in July contained small amounts of okadaic acid: 21.7 ± 3.6 (mean ± method error) ng g–1 d.w. and 82.5 ± 16.5 (mean ± method error) ng g–1 d.w. in May and July, respectively. No toxins were detected in samples from August–September. This preliminary study shows that okadaic acid can be detected in Mytilus edulis in the Gulf of Finland, although toxic levels were not found, nor was there found any correlation between the density of dinoflagellates and the okadaic acid levels.
Rugigegat Schoorl 1990
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Rugigegat

description: Genus Rugigegat Schoorl, 1990: 139
Type species: Zeuzera nigra Moore: 1877: 348.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 316, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Ele Chair
Creators: name: Gamman, Lorraine
name: Thorpe, Adam
Publisher: name: University of the Arts London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330313
subject: Social design
classificationCode: 330309
subject: Industrial and product design
classificationCode: 440204
subject: Crime and social justice

description: Developed by Senior Furniture Designer, Rock Galpin who participated in the co-design sessions at HMP Standford Hill. This rotationally moulded plastic chair greatly improves on the ergonomics, comfort and stacking capability of the current plastic prison chair. It incorporates a cushion that can be used as either a backrest or seat cushion.
Material: Toughened Grade Polypropylene (PP)Manufacturing Method: Rotational Moulding​*This furniture proposal was not selected for prototyping and testing by HMPPS.Background​​We have discussed how the current plastic in-cell chair is one of the most disliked items by prisoners. It achieves a high level of safety by being difficult to weaponise and use as a ligature, but it is uncomfortable and prisoners either don't like to or cannot sit in it for extended periods of time because it is undersized and has poor ergonomics."For me it would be the plastic chair. When you sit in it, the edges – if you’re chunky like me – they aren’t comfortable. [The seat] sinks in the middle. It's like you were sitting on a toilet. The way they curve, you can feel it sticking into the back of your legs."-Prisoner commenting on the cell furniture he dislikes the most​Prison Industries likes the current plastic in-cell chair because it can be quickly manufactured, but it is disliked because the chair is not stackable – essentially a hollow object – making transporting and storing chairs inefficient. As a result, even though the chair could be recycled and granulated in the production of new plastic chairs, HMP chooses not to because the benefits of granulating do not outweigh the drawbacks of transport (e.g. fuel and emissions from lorries).Final DesignA New Chair Proposal
Senior Furniture Designer, Rock Galpin's playful Ele Chair (from Elephant) design improves upon comfort, ergonomics, transport and storage, and offers two different seating options by using a clever rotatable foam cushion.Using a method of plastic fabrication called rotational moulding, the Ele Chair produces two identical chairs from a single rotational mould by splitting the moulded part along a seam (see top left picture). With design modifications, this chair could also be injection moulded.​Insights from the co-design workshops revealed that prisoners would appreciate a chair with multiple height options for relaxation and desk work. The Ele chair provides this adjustment through a cushion that doubles as a reclined backrest. We recommend how this foam cushion could be manufactured in the 'Mattress Study'Another obvious feature of this chair is its stackability, which greatly improves storage and allows for twelve chairs to be transported per stillage.Technical SpecificationsStorage and Transport
Chairs per stillage = 12Stackablility: very stackableMaterial
Toughened Grade Polypropylene (PP) Plastic
The role of stratosphere-troposphere coupling in the occurrence of wintertime extreme temperature events over the eastern part of the Baltic Sea region
Creators: name: Gečaitė, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2022

description: Extreme temperature events over the eastern part of the Baltic Sea region during winter were examined in order to address how often these events may be related to the anomalies of stratospheric dynamics through their influence on the tropospheric circulation regime. The propagation of geopotential height anomalies between the stratosphere and the troposphere was evaluated using the Northern Annular Mode. It was determined that in over 60% of all analysed cases, the surface temperature anomalies are preceded by dynamical disturbances in the stratosphere. A strong relation between tropospheric winter temperature extremes and strength of the stratospheric polar vortex was detected up to 10 hPa. Finally, the stratospheric-tropospheric dynamic interaction was evaluated using analysis of Eliassen-Palm vertical wave activity fluxes at a 10 hPa pressure level. The role of the quasi-biennial oscillation phase in the formation of temperature anomalies was also estimated.
Environmental conditions and the development of Planktonema lauterbornii Schmidle in phytoplankton of Karhijärvi, a lake in SW Finland
Creators: name: Nõges, P.
name: Viirret, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: In the warm summer of 1999, the filamentous green alga Planktonema lauterbornii Schmidle appeared among dominants in the phytoplankton of Karhijärvi, a lake located in SW Finland. In the cool and rainy summer of 2000, the species almost disappeared from the lake again. P. lauterbornii was found in Karhijärvi for the first time in 1994 when it appeared in small numbers. The occurrence of P. lauterbornii in fresh waters in the Baltic Sea region is known only in a few cases whereas more records are from brackish waters. This paper describes the chemical and physical environment of Karhijärvi and the species composition of phytoplankton in summer 1999 in comparison with long-term monitoring data of the lake. A general increase of air temperature and especially the mild winters during the 1990s probably favoured the northward invasion of the warm water species Planktonema lauterbornii.
Aquatic chemistry and humic substances in bog lakes in Latvia
Creators: name: Klavins, M.
name: Rodinov, V.
name: Druvietis, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2003

description: Chemical composition of 19 bog lakes in Latvia has been studied. Peculiarities of chemical composition and their influence on community structure have been analysed as the main factors considering aquatic humic substances (AHS). AHS isolated from bog waters shows principally different elemental, functional and spectral characteristics, and also acidity, from humic substances isolated from other water bodies (eutrophic and mesotrophic) and reference humic samples. The observed differences are due to the dependence of humus properties on biological processes and pollution levels in the water bodies.
Eddy covariance measurements of CO2 and sensible and latent heat fluxes during a full year in a boreal pine forest trunk-space
Creators: name: Launiainen, S.
name: Rinne, J.
name: Pumpanen, J.
name: Kulmala, L.
name: Kolari, P.
name: Keronen, P.
name: Siivola, E.
name: Pohja, T.
name: Hari, P.
name: Vesala, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: The eddy covariance method was used to determine turbulent heat fluxes and CO2 flux below a boreal Scots pine canopy 3 m above the forest floor. Data were filtered using standard deviation of the vertical velocity as a measure of the turbulent mixing in the trunk space along with the non-stationary criterion. The turbulent transfer in the trunk space was dominated by large (15–100 m) intermittent eddies, which were detectable by the eddy covariance technique. Heat fluxes exhibited clear annual and diurnal course and amounted to 20%–30% of the fluxes above the canopy. The forest floor was a source of carbon all-year-round and the CO2 efflux was mainly controlled by soil temperature. Photosynthesis of the forest floor vegetation decreased daytime fluxes of CO2 by 1.0–1.5 µmol m–2 s–1 compared with nocturnal values (~3.0 µmol m–2 s–1). The eddy covariance method provided a similar daily cycle to the chamber method but there was a discrepancy between their mean levels.
Superradiance of charged black holes embedded in dark matter halos
Creators: name: Mollicone, Alessandro
name: Destounis, Kyriakos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical environments are ubiquitous in the Universe; from accretion disks around black holes to galactic dark matter halos, distributions of astrophysical material veil the vast majority of Cosmos. Including environmental effects in strong-field gravity and astrophysics is, therefore, a rather tantalizing task in the quest for novel gravitational-wave phenomena. Here, we examine how environments affect the high-energy process of superradiance. In particular, we study the amplification of charged scalar waves under the expense of the electrostatic energy contained in a charged black hole that is embedded in an observationally-motivated, and qualitatively generic, dark matter halo. We find that the superradiant amplification of massless charged scalar fields scattering off environmentally-enriched charged black holes can be equally efficient to those occurring in vacuum charged black holes. This occurs due to the fact that the sole interplay between the scalar wave and the black hole is the electromagnetic interaction. The addition of mass on the charged scalar waves leads to a rapid suppression of superradiant amplification. This transpires to a great extent due to the `friction' that the mass introduces to the black hole potential. Nevertheless, for sufficiently large scalar masses, the amplification factors can be also subdominantly affected by the compactness of the halo. This occurs because the gravitational interaction between the dense halo and the wave's mass grows, thus further suppressing the superradiant amplification.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Research Unit of Physics, Chemistry and Biology of Atmospheric Composition and Climate Change: overview of recent results
Creators: name: Kulmala, M.
name: Hari, P.
name: Laaksonen, A.
name: Vesala, T.
name: Viisanen, Y.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: In this paper we present research methods and recent results obtained within activities of the Research Unit of Physics Chemistry and Biology of Atmospheric Composition and Climate Change, which is one of the centres of excellence of the Academy of Finland. The centre forms an integrated attempt to understand various, but interlinked, biosphere–atmosphere interactions applying inter- and multidisciplinary approaches in a coherent manner. The main disciplines used cover aerosol and environmental physics, atmospheric chemistry and physics, micrometeorology, forest ecology and ecophysiology. The main objective of the centre is to study the importance of aerosol particles on climate change. Our scientific approach that starts from basic nucleation theories, is followed by detailed aerosol dynamic/atmospheric chemistry models and well-defined laboratory experiments, and ends with wide continuous field measurements in our research stations and 3D modelling. During the last years the joint efforts within our centre of excellence and the Nordic centres of excellence BACCI (devoted to atmospheric physics and chemistry) and NECC (devoted to carbon balance of northern ecosystems) have increased strongly. A thorough understanding of physical, meteorological, chemical and ecophysiological processes obtained by individual research groups lays the foundation of a unique possibility to study biosphere–aerosol–cloud–climate interactions, or the interplay between carbon exchange, BVOC emissions and formation of new aerosol particles. The necessary requirement is jointly working, real inter-, multi- and cross disciplinary teams. The core of activities is in continuous measurements and database of atmospheric and ecological mass fluxes and aerosol precursors and CO2-aerosol-trace gas interactions in SMEAR field stations. These are supported by models of particle thermodynamics, transport and dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, boundary layer meteorology and forest growth.
Nutrient intrusions at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland
Creators: name: Laanemets, J.
name: Kononen, K.
name: Pavelson, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1997

description: The nutrient distribution peculiarities below the seasonal thermocline were analysed on the basis of high vertical resolution (2.5 m) data at the entrance area to the Gulf of Finland. Remarkable increase of nutrient concentration and DIN:DIP and a decrease of temperature on the isopycnals in the onshore direction (towards the Finnish coast) were registered. An intrusive finestructure of the temperature and nutrient fields was observed in the warmer side of thermohaline front, which separates the near-shore and open gulf waters. Nutrient-rich intrusions were cold, with a thickness of 5 to 20 m and the largest horizontal scale of about 5 km. The maximum intensities of intrusions, e.g. for phosphorus and silicate were approximately 0.3 µM and 3 µM, respectively. The generation and isopycnic spreading of intrusions is hypothesized as one link in the chain of overall nutrient transport.
Empowering User Engagement: UCQ-FRAME's Role in User-Centred Design at OPERAS
Creators: name: Pehar, Franjo
name: Juric, Mate
name: Peša Pavlović, Nikolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Open Access
Open Science
Framework
UCQ-FRAME
Open scholarly communication
UCD
UX

description: This proposal presents a poster presentation with a focus on the development and significance of the Common Framework Defining the Methodology for Achieving User-Centred Quality Objectives (UCQ-FRAME). The UCQ-FRAME serves as a methodological framework at the core of the OPERAS-PLUS project, particularly within Work Package 6 (WP6). Its purpose is to enhance user-centred design (UCD) practices within open scholarly communication, with a specific emphasis on the social sciences and humanities. The landscape of open scholarly communication has evolved significantly, placing a greater emphasis on inclusivity, diversity, and user engagement. OPERAS-PLUS recognized the shifting needs of users and initiated the development of the UCQ-FRAME to elevate user experiences within its services. Part A of the framework lays the groundwork for User-Centred Design (UCD) processes by aligning them with ISO 9241 standards and integrating the ResearchOps framework. It offers an iterative design cycle equipped with tailored methods and tools to facilitate standardized processes and systematic evaluation of user experience maturity. This section underscores the importance of dedicated UX teams, comprehensive user research, and inclusive participant recruitment. Part B complements the framework by providing a curated list of methods and tools drawn from existing OPERAS projects, services, and relevant literature. These resources empower project teams to adapt and implement UCD practices, ensuring the delivery of high-quality user experiences while accommodating specific project requirements. The UCQ-FRAME is a dynamic framework that actively considers user and other stakeholder input and feedback, ensuring the framework’s continued relevance and practicality. This poster presentation introduces the UCQ-FRAME to the broader community, highlighting its role in promoting user-centred design principles and advancing user engagement within this domain. Attendees are invited to engage in constructive discussions about the framework’s development, application, and potential implications for the future of open scholarly communication. The insights and feedback gathered from this presentation will be valuable as the UCQ-FRAME continues to evolve, contributing to the enhancement of OPERAS on its path to becoming operational as an ERIC.
Rugigegat nigra
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Rugigegat
Rugigegat nigra

description: 38. Rugigegat nigra (Moore, 1877a: 348)
Zeuzera
Type locality: Ceylon.
Distribution in India: Tamil Nadu (Nilgiris). Global records: Sri Lanka (Gaede 1933; Arora 1976; Yakovlev 2011).
Remark: Gaede (1933) reported it from Nilgiris, and followed by Arora (1976), but Yakovlev (2011) did not mention it from India.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 316, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Circulation of the Baltic Sea and its connection to the Pan-Arctic region — a large scale and high-resolution modeling approach
Creators: name: Maslowski, W.
name: Walczowski, W.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2002

description: The Baltic Sea has traditionally been considered as a semi-enclosed marginal sea with little or no influence on the adjacent oceans. We employ an eddy-permitting, coupled ice-ocean model of the Pan-Arctic region to study the Baltic Sea, especially its circulation and property exchanges with the North Sea and other regions. Using this high-resolution and large scale model we focus here on the freshwater export from the Baltic Sea and its transport by the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC) into the Norwegian and Barents Sea. We hypothesize that the freshwater outflow from the Baltic Sea plays a significant role in modification of Atlantic Water properties along its northern pathway from the North Atlantic, through the Nordic Seas, and into the Arctic Ocean. Recommendations are made for more realistic model representation of the Baltic Sea circulation to advance understanding of this region's influence on the large-scale northern polar ocean circulation and climate change.
Ecology in a multidisciplinary study of urban green space: the URGE project
Creators: name: Venn, S. J.
name: Niemelä, J. K.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2004

description: The URGE project is attempting to review urban green space systems and their planning across Europe. Evaluation is made using interdisciplinary criteria. Our goal is to produce an objective review and subsequently provide tools for improving urban planning policy, and in particular, to improve the provision and quality of urban green space. This paper presents background information to the project, the methodology used and some preliminary results from some of the ecological criteria used.
Size-dependent diet composition and feeding of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) and northern pike (Esox lucius) in the Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Jacobson, P.
name: Bergström, U.
name: Eklöf, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2019

description: To understand food web dynamics, knowledge about factors influencing trophic interactions is fundamental. Using stomach content analysis, we investigated size-dependent predator-prey relations of two coastal predatory fish in the Baltic Sea: perch (Perca fluviatilis) and northern pike (Esox lucius). Perch undergo two ontogenetic diet shifts, from zooplankton to macroinvertebrates at ca. 50 mm; and then to fish at ca. 250 mm. For pike, all sizes (103–810 mm) fed almost exclusively on fish. The fish prey of perch and pike was predominantly three-spined stickleback in spring, and gobiids in late summer. The mean and maximum prey:predator size ratio was larger, while the minimum was smaller for pike compared with perch. Perch and pike fed on smaller-sized gobiids, three-spined and nine-spined stickleback compared within the environment. Our results on size-dependent diets of perch and pike is useful for quantitative analyses of food-web interactions and for ecosystem-based management.
On the influence of peatland draining on local climate
Creators: name: Venäläinen, A.
name: Rontu, L.
name: Solantie, R.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1999

description: In no other country has the draining of peatland taken place to such a large extent as in Finland. According to earlier studies based on an analysis of observed temperatures, this draining has lowered the night-time minimum temperatures in heavily-drained regions. In the present study, we simulated the cooling effect using the HIRLAM numerical weather prediction model. When simulated wet and dry peat conditions were compared in a late summer clear and calm case leading to night frost, the drop in local night-time minimum temperatures reached ten degrees. The difference in temperature was caused mainly by the change in the soil heat flux.
Iron and artificial recharge of groundwater
Creators: name: Frycklund, C.
name: Jacks, G.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1997

description: High iron concentrations may be a problem when groundwater is used for drinking water supply. The objective of this field study has been to clarify the factors that control the presence of iron in the water phase at artificial groundwater recharge with pond infiltration. The iron concentration in water was monitored over a 7-month period at a site with pond infiltration. Water was sampled once a month from 10 to 115 cm depth in the filtersand of the pond, and analyzed for iron. The filtersand was sampled before and after the water sampling period so that accumulation of iron could be quantified. It was found that at the 20 cm level in the filtersand the iron concentration was reduced to a level fully acceptable in drinking water. The analysis of the soil showed that 86% of the accumulated iron was retained in the top 5 cm of the filtersand. According to a budget considering the amount of iron coming to the filtersand and the amount leaving it, 138 g m– 2 should have been retained during 15 months while 145 g m– 2 was actually found by analysis. The findings show that the iron retention process was fast, both in time and travel distance. The iron retention efficiency would thus not be improved by a longer residence time. This suggests that even smaller geologic formations may be used for pond infiltration. The results also indicate that the iron retention was a largely abiotic process. The problem with gradually increasing iron concentrations at induced recharge is discussed in view of studies of iron-reducing microorganisms.
Evaluation of an automatic algorithm for fitting the particle number size distributions
Creators: name: Hussein, T.
name: Dal Maso, M.
name: Petäjä, T.
name: Koponen, I. K.
name: Paatero, P.
name: Aalto, P. P.
name: Hämeri, K.
name: Kulmala, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: The multi log-normal distribution function is widely in use to parameterize the aerosol particle size distributions. The main purpose of such a parameterization is to quantitatively describe size distributions and to allow straightforward comparisons between different aerosol particle data sets. In this study, we developed and evaluated an algorithm to parameterize aerosol particle number size distributions with the multi log-normal distribution function. The current algorithm is automatic and does not need a user decision for the initial input parameters; it requires only the maximum number of possible modes and then it reduces this number, if possible, without affecting the fitting quality. The reduction of the number of modes is based on an overlapping test between adjacent modes. The algorithm was evaluated against a previous algorithm that can be considered as a standard procedure. It was also evaluated against a long-term data set and different types of measured aerosol particle size distributions in the ambient atmosphere. The evaluation of the current algorithm showed the following advantages: (1) it is suitable for different types of aerosol particles observed in different environments and conditions, (2) it showed agreement with the previous standard algorithm in about 90% of long-term data set, (3) it is not time-consuming, particularly when long-term data sets are analyzed, and (4) it is a useful tool in the studies of atmospheric aerosol particle formation and transformation.
title: Heat transfer during pulsating liquid jet impingement onto a vertical wall
Creators: name: Wassenberg, J.
name: Stephan, P.
name: Gambaryan-Roisman, T.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2024

description: Liquid jet impingement is used for cooling and cleaning in various industrial branches. The advantages of jet impingement include high heat and mass transport rates in the vicinity of the impingement point. Pulsating liquid jets impinging on horizontal substrates with a pulsation frequency around 100 Hz have been shown to increase the cooling efficiency in comparison to jets with continuous mass flow rates. The influence of jet pulsation on cooling efficiency for impingement of horizontal jets onto vertical walls has not yet been investigated. In the case of a vertical heated wall, gravity contributes to the liquid flow pattern. In particular, if the time span between two pulses is sufficiently long, the liquid drainage from the region above the impingement point can contribute to heat transport without increasing the average flow rate of the cooling medium. In this work, the influence of pulsations on heat transfer during impingement of a horizontal liquid jet onto a vertical wall is investigated experimentally for the pulsation frequency range 1–5 Hz. The results regarding increase of heat transfer efficiency are related to flow patterns developing by impingement of successive pulses, as well as to the liquid splattering.
Improved cerebrovascular brain-age accuracy by multi- sequence, multi-center harmonisation
Creators: name: Dijsselhof, Mathijs
name: Moore, Candace Makeda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This abstract was accepted to be presented at the OHBM conference in 2024. The abstract and poster presents preliminary findings in modeling brain age with machine learning across multi-center data with an emphasis on harmonization algorithm results.
Meteorological and climatological factors affecting transport and deposition of nitrogen compounds over the Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Hongisto, M.
name: Joffre, S.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: We studied the variation of the nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea with the Eulerian transport-chemistry model Hilatar. We analysed the effects of the climatological and meteorological conditions on the temporal variations of the pollution load to the sea over the period 1993–1998. The nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea and the concentrations at coastal stations showed strong monthly, seasonal and inter-annual variations and, apparently, no decrease with declining emissions over the period. We discuss the representativeness of coastal measurements for inferring the deposition flux to the open sea, as well as the episodicity affecting this pollution load. We also compare our results for the nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea with the previous estimates and discuss the implications for ecological modelling.
The influence of the cloud virial parameter on the initial mass function
Creators: name: Mathew, Sajay Sunny
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Seta, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crucial for star formation is the interplay between gravity and turbulence. The observed cloud virial parameter, $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$, which is the ratio of twice the turbulent kinetic energy to the gravitational energy, is found to vary significantly in different environments, where the scatter among individual star-forming clouds can exceed an order of magnitude. Therefore, a strong dependence of the initial mass function (IMF) on $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$ may challenge the notion of a universal IMF. To determine the role of $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$ on the IMF, we compare the star-particle mass functions obtained in high-resolution magnetohydrodynamical simulations including jet and heating feedback, with $α_{\mathrm{vir}}=0.0625$, $0.125$, and $0.5$. We find that varying $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$ from $α_{\mathrm{vir}}\sim0.5$ to $α_{\mathrm{vir}}<0.1$ shifts the peak of the IMF to lower masses by a factor of $\sim2$ and increases the star formation rate by a similar factor. The dependence of the IMF and star formation rate on $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$ is non-linear, with the dependence subsiding at $α_{\mathrm{vir}}<0.1$. Our study shows a systematic dependence of the IMF on $α_{\mathrm{vir}}$. Yet, it may not be measurable easily in observations, considering the uncertainties, and the relatively weak dependence found in this study.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, Published in MNRAS, minor changes
Rugigegat radzha Yakovlev 2009
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Rugigegat
Rugigegat radzha

description: 39. Rugigegat radzha Yakovlev, 2009: 355
Type locality: S. India, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills, S. slope, 10 km W Kotagiri [India].
Distribution in India: Tamil Nadu (South India) (Yakovlev 2009 & 2011). Global records: not known.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 316, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
SLAM‐Drop‐seq reveals mRNA kinetic rates throughout the cell cycle
Creators: name: Liu, Haiyue
name: Arsiè, Roberto
name: Schwabe, Daniel
name: Schilling, Marcel
name: Minia, Igor
name: Alles, Jonathan
name: Boltengagen, Anastasiya
name: Kocks, Christine
name: Falcke, Martin
name: Friedman, Nir
name: Landthaler, Markus
name: Rajewsky, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cell cycle
subject: mRNA kinetics
subject: single cells
subject: temporal regulation
subject: transcription and degradation
subject: 570 Biologie

description: RNA abundance is tightly regulated in eukaryotic cells by modulating the kinetic rates of RNA production, processing, and degradation. To date, little is known about time‐dependent kinetic rates during dynamic processes. Here, we present SLAM‐Drop‐seq, a method that combines RNA metabolic labeling and alkylation of modified nucleotides in methanol‐fixed cells with droplet‐based sequencing to detect newly synthesized and preexisting mRNAs in single cells. As a first application, we sequenced 7280 HEK293 cells and calculated gene‐specific kinetic rates during the cell cycle using the novel package Eskrate. Of the 377 robust‐cycling genes that we identified, only a minor fraction is regulated solely by either dynamic transcription or degradation (6 and 4%, respectively). By contrast, the vast majority (89%) exhibit dynamically regulated transcription and degradation rates during the cell cycle. Our study thus shows that temporally regulated mRNA degradation is fundamental for the correct expression of a majority of cycling genes. SLAM‐Drop‐seq, combined with Eskrate, is a powerful approach to understanding the underlying mRNA kinetics of single‐cell gene expression dynamics in continuous biological processes.
Mitigating Spurious Correlations for Self-supervised Recommendation
Creators: name: Lin, Xinyu
name: Xu, Yiyan
name: Wang, Wenjie
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Feng, Fuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have witnessed the great success of self-supervised learning (SSL) in recommendation systems. However, SSL recommender models are likely to suffer from spurious correlations, leading to poor generalization. To mitigate spurious correlations, existing work usually pursues ID-based SSL recommendation or utilizes feature engineering to identify spurious features. Nevertheless, ID-based SSL approaches sacrifice the positive impact of invariant features, while feature engineering methods require high-cost human labeling. To address the problems, we aim to automatically mitigate the effect of spurious correlations. This objective requires to 1) automatically mask spurious features without supervision, and 2) block the negative effect transmission from spurious features to other features during SSL. To handle the two challenges, we propose an invariant feature learning framework, which first divides user-item interactions into multiple environments with distribution shifts and then learns a feature mask mechanism to capture invariant features across environments. Based on the mask mechanism, we can remove the spurious features for robust predictions and block the negative effect transmission via mask-guided feature augmentation. Extensive experiments on two datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in mitigating spurious correlations and improving the generalization abilities of SSL models. The code is available at https://github.com/Linxyhaha/IFL.
description: Accepted by Machine Intelligence Research 2023. (MIR paper link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11633-022-1374-8)
Mean circulation and water exchange in the Gulf of Finland — a study based on three-dimensional modelling
Creators: name: Andrejev, O.
name: Myrberg, K.
name: Alenius, P.
name: Lundberg, P. A.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2004

description: A three-dimensional baroclinic prognostic model has been applied to study the mean circulation and its persistency as well as the water exchange in the Gulf of Finland. A five-year simulation for 1987–1992 was carried out using a nested grid approach, where a high-resolution sub-model of the Gulf of Finland was forced at the open boundary by a larger-scale Baltic Sea model. Realistic meteorological forcing for the period under study was used. The overall results of the investigation showed that the mean circulation pattern was complex with numerous meso-scale eddies, although a cyclonic mean circulation generally is discernible. The mean surface circulation of the Gulf was found to take place in the form of a strong outflow adjacent to the Finnish coast compensated for by an inflow at the Estonian coast, a circulation which is highly dependent on depth. The outflow on the northern side of the Gulf proved to be a distinct feature with a persistency ranging between 50% and 80%. The water exchange between the Gulf and the Baltic Proper appears to be stronger than previously estimated. It was found that ordinary budget estimates of water exchange (based on calculating the amount of in- and out-flowing water) do not give much relevant information concerning the Baltic Sea Proper–Gulf water exchange since these straightforward estimates do not reflect the internal dynamics of the Gulf of Finland.
Sansara Yakovlev 2004
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Sansara

description: Genus Sansara Yakovlev, 2004: 386
Type species: Sansara hreblayi Yakovlev, 2004: 387.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 316, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Cluster analysis results of regional climate model simulations in the PIDCAP period
Creators: name: Kücken, M.
name: Gerstengarbe, F.-W.
name: Werner, P.C.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2002

description: On the basis of an extended cluster analysis algorithm, a new validation method is presented for the quality control of climate model simulation results. To test the method, a comparison of four climate model simulation runs was carried out, comprising on the one hand results of the non-hydrostatic model (LM) of the German Weather Service (DWD) and on the other hand results of a hydrostatic model (REMO) of the Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg (MPI). The results of the cluster analysis show that the method is suitable to describe the differences between reference and simulation data in space and time.
Evaluating the effects of nutrient load reductions on the biomass of toxic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Kiirikki, M.
name: Inkala, A.
name: Kuosa, H.
name: Pitkänen, H.
name: Kuusisto, M.
name: Sarkkula, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: The effects of nutrient load reductions on the biomass of N-fixing cyanobacteria were evaluated in the scale of the Gulf of Finland. The two analysed reduction scenarios were Finnish national agenda and the improvement of phosphorus removal in the present purification plants of St. Petersburg. The effects of load reduction scenarios were tested by using a 3D-ecosystem model with a horizontal resolution of 5 km. According to the results the Finnish national agenda cannot decrease the biomass of N-fixing cyanobacteria, but it seems to be able to reduce the total phytoplankton biomass in the coastal waters. The phosphorus reduction in St. Petersburg decreases the N-fixing cyanobacteria significantly in the central parts of the Gulf of Finland. Improvement of the phosphorus purification efficiency in the present sewage treatment plants offers us an opportunity to try to control the intensity of the toxic blooms of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in the scale of the Gulf of Finland.
Heavy metals in perch (Perca fluviatilis) from the Kostomuksha region (North-western Karelia, Russia)
Creators: name: Tkatcheva, V.
name: Holopainen, I. J.
name: Hyvärinen, H.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2000

description: The Kostomuksha mining plant (KMP, Republic of Karelia, Russia), which is an important producer of iron pellets, is situated in the upper part of the Kenti–Kento lake–river system. In this water system, Lake Kostomuksha drains its waters through a chain of small lakes into the larger Lake Kuito and on to the White Sea. Effluents from the mining plant have been deposited in Lake Kostomuksha since 1982. For this study, samples of perch (Perca fluviatilis) were obtained from three metal-contaminated lakes with different pollutant concentrations downstream from Lake Kostomuksha. The concentrations of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr) in fish liver and muscle were analysed. Concentrations of Hg, Ni and Cr (1.13, 0.09 and 0.08 ug g–1 dry weight, respectively) in fish liver from the studied lakes were higher than those in the control lake, Kamennoe (0.43, < 0.001, < 0.001 ug g–1), which is not directly influenced by the KMP. In the uppermost lake, Poppalijärvi, the concentration of Hg in perch muscle and liver was > 1.0 ug g–1 dry weight. Compared to the control lake, the electron microscope study of liver tissue from perch in this lake showed an increase in the distance between hepatocytes, a decrease in the number of nuclear pores and the smallest mitochondria of all the lakes studied.
Macrozoobenthic zonation in relation to major environmental factors across the Archipelago Sea, northern Baltic Sea
Creators: name: O'Brien, K.
name: Hänninen, J.
name: Kanerva, T.
name: Metsärinne, L.
name: Vuorinen, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2003

description: Benthic macrofaunal assemblages from a series of samples taken between 1994 and 2000 across the Archipelago Sea are described, and community structure in relation to major environmental factors analysed. Results provided a clear division of the Archipelago Sea into three zones based on benthic species composition. Environmental factors which best explained the observed species distribution, i.e. temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and sediment organic carbon were seen to operate along a cline of increasing depth. An east-west comparison of adjacent zones was also investigated. These closely resembled one another showing few significant differences. Local environmental factors were considered responsible where differences were observed. Evidence of a marked temporal difference in species composition in the middle parts of the archipelago was shown. The results, in line with ordination analysis, indicated a seawards shift of the more polluted/impacted zones. The predictive capabilities of the canonical ordination method of redundancy analysis (RDA) were discussed.
Source Apportionment of Soil PAH Concentration and Associated Carcinogenic and Mutagenic Potencies by Combined Utilization of PMF and Toxic Assessment: A Case Study in North China
Creators: name: Wu, Jin
name: Li, Jiao
name: Ma, Meihong
name: Zhang, Dasheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The knowledge of PAH sources in soil plays an important role in making the decision of pollution emission restriction, as well as toxic information. The present study developed a modified receptor model to apportion the contribution of various sources to PAHs and associated toxic. PMF model was selected as the basic source apportionment model to identify sources and apportion their contributions. Toxic assessment models, including carcinogenicity assessment model and mutagenicity assessment model, were then used with PMF to obtain toxic-oriented source contribution. To attain this objective, 16 priority PAHs in the soil around Miyun Reservoir were selected as a case study. The results showed that the dominant source of soil PAHs was wood/biomass combustion (31.02%), followed by vehicular source (27.17%), petroleum source (21.27%) and coal combustion (20.53%). While the highest contributor to carcinogenicity and mutagenicity was a vehicular source, with a proportion of 36.61% and 41.46%, respectively. This study highlights the combined utilization of the source apportionment model and toxic assessment model. The approach was valuable for providing comprehensive source-oriented risk information, and expanding the application of both PMF and toxic assessment.
Feedback processes between climate, surface and vegetation at the northern climatological tree-line (Finnish Lapland)
Creators: name: Vajda, A.
name: Venäläinen, A.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: In northern ecosystems near the climatological timberline, the interactions between vegetation and disturbances, such as forest fire, are particularly important, as the changes in vegetation may produce large feedbacks into the climate. The changed climate and the altered surface conditions may in turn prevent the vegetation from returning to its original state. The effect of fire on local climate and its implications for forest regeneration were studied in the Tuntsa area of Finnish Lapland that was affected by a widespread forest fire in 1960. Direct measurements were applied for determining the variation of climate parameters in a spruce-covered fire refuge and on the treeless tundra environment resulting from the fire. The annual and seasonal dynamics of heat and water fluxes, snow conditions and radiation processes were simulated using an SVAT model known as COUP. Fire-induced deforestation increased the wind velocity by 60%, changed the soil thermal regime through a 20–30 cm reduced snow cover, lowered the evapotranspiration and diminished the Bowen ratio to 0.4. The resulting severe local climate is probably one of the precluding factors in the recovery of the forest in this sensitive region.
Dynamically enhancing qubit-photon interactions with anti-squeezing
Creators: name: Villiers, M.
name: Smith, W. C.
name: Petrescu, A.
name: Borgognoni, A.
name: Delbecq, M.
name: Sarlette, A.
name: Mirrahimi, M.
name: Campagne-Ibarcq, P.
name: Kontos, T.
name: Leghtas, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction strength of an oscillator to a qubit grows with the oscillator's vacuum field fluctuations. The well known degenerate parametric oscillator has revived interest in the regime of strongly detuned squeezing, where its eigenstates are squeezed Fock states. Owing to these amplified field fluctuations, it was recently proposed that squeezing this oscillator would dynamically boost qubit-photon interactions. In a superconducting circuit experiment, we observe a two-fold increase in the dispersive interaction between a qubit and an oscillator at 5.5 dB of squeezing, demonstrating in-situ dynamical control of qubit-photon interactions. This work initiates the experimental coupling of oscillators of squeezed photons to qubits, and cautiously motivates their dissemination in experimental platforms seeking enhanced interactions.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures