cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dating the origin and spread of plastids and chromatophores
Creators: name: Pietluch, Filip
name: Mackiewicz, Pawel
name: Sidorczuk, Katarzyna
name: Gagat, Przemyslaw
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archaeplastida
endosymbiosis
molecular clock
Paulinella
phylogeny
plastid

description: Photosynthetic eukaryotes have shaped the Earth's biosphere by producing oxygen and converting light into organic compounds in specialized organelles called plastids. Plastids evolved from free-living cyanobacteria ingested by heterotrophic unicellular eukaryotes. Two such independent engulfment processes, called cyanobacterial endosymbioses, have been reported so far. The first gave rise to primary plastids and three Archaeplastida lineages: glaucophytes, red algae and green algae with land plants, whereas the second resulted in chromatophores in the rhizarian amoeba Paulinella. Importantly, archaeplastidans donated their plastids to many protist groups, thereby further spreading photosynthesis across the tree of life. To reveal the complex plastid evolution, we performed comprehensive phylogenetic and multi-clock analyses based on new fossil calibration points and the greatest number yet of plastid-encoded proteins from 108 taxa, representing a large diversity of photosynthetic organisms. Our results indicate that primary plastids evolved prior to 2.1 - 1.8 Ba, i.e. before glaucophytes diverged from the other archaeplastidans, and Paulinella chromatophores most probably before 292 - 266 Ma. Red and green algae were engulfed by cryptophyte and chlorarachniophyte ancestors between 1.7 - 1.4 Ba, and 1.1 - 1.0 Ba, respectively; the former subsequently triggered plastid transfers to other eukaryotes. We also studied the impact of various molecular clocks and calibration sets on the age estimation and clearly indicate that the clocks are the source of greater differences.
description: Please see the README document ("README.txt ") and the SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS file ("Supplementary_Information.docx").Funding provided by: Narodowym Centrum Nauki
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004442
Award Number: 2017/26/D/NZ8/004444Funding provided by: Narodowym Centrum Nauki
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004442
Award Number: 2018/31/N/NZ2/01338Funding provided by: Narodowym Centrum Nauki
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004442
Award Number: 2019/35/N/MZ8/03366
description: Please see the README document ("README.txt ") and the SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS file ("Supplementary_Information.docx").
Long term variation of the solar diurnal anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays observed with the Nagoya multi-directional muon detector
Creators: name: Munakata, K.
name: Kozai, M.
name: Kato, C.
name: Kota, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the three dimensional anisotropy of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensities observed independently with a muon detector at Nagoya in Japan and neutron monitors over four solar activity cycles. We clearly see the phase of the free-space diurnal anisotropy shifting toward earlier hours around solar activity minima in A>0 epochs, due to the reduced anisotropy component parallel to the mean magnetic field. The average parallel component is consistent with a rigidity independent spectrum, while the perpendicular component increases with GCR rigidity. We suggest that this harder spectrum of the perpendicular component is due to contribution from the drift streaming. We find that the bidirectional latitudinal density gradient is positive in A>0 epoch, while it is negative in A<0 epoch, in accord with the drift model prediction. The radial density gradient, on the other hand, varies with ~11-year cycle with maxima (minima) in solar maximum (minimum) periods, but there is no significant difference seen between average radial gradients in A>0 and A<0 epochs. The average parallel mean free path is larger in A<0 than in A>0. We also find, however, that parallel mean free path (radial gradient) appears to persistently increase (decreasing) in the last three cycles of weakening solar activity. We suggest that simple differences between these parameters in A>0 and A<0 epochs are seriously biased by these long-term trends.
description: accepted for the publication in the Astrophysical Journal
การสอบสวนการระบาดของวัณโรคปอดในหน่วยงานสาธารณสุขแห่งหนึ่งในจังหวัดสงขลา
Creators: name: อธินันท์ ชัญญาวงศ์ศักดิ์
name: พิชญา พรรคทองสุข
Publisher: name: กรมแพทย์ทหารบก
Year: 2561
Subjects: วัณโรคปอด
วัณโรคที่เกี่ยวเนื่องจากการทำงาน
การสอบสวนวัณโรค

description: เวชสารแพทย์ทหารบก, 71, ฉบับที่ 4 ตุลาคม-ธันวาคม, 303-308
Fast methods to track grain coagulation and ionization. II. Extension to thermal ionization
Creators: name: Marchand, Pierre
name: Guillet, Vincent
name: Lebreuilly, Ugo
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal ionization is a critical process at temperatures T > 10 3 K, particularly during star formation. An increase in ionization leads to a decrease in nonideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) resistivities, which has a significant impact on protoplanetary disks and protostar formation. We developed an extension of the fast computational ionization method presented in our recent paper to include thermal ionization. The model can be used to inexpensively calculate the density of ions and electrons and the electric charge of each size of grains for an arbitrary size distribution. This tool should be particularly useful for the self-consistent calculation of nonideal MHD resistivities in multidimensional simulations, especially of protostellar collapse and protoplanetary disks.
description: Accepted in A&A. 7 pages, 6 figures
The applicability of FIR fine-structure lines as Star Formation Rate tracers over wide ranges of metallicities and galaxy types
Creators: name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Cormier, Diane
name: Lebouteiller, Vianney
name: Madden, Suzanne
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Bendo, George J.
name: Boquien, Mederic
name: Boselli, Alessandro
name: Clements, David L.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Galametz, Maud
name: Galliano, Frederic
name: Gracia-Carpio, Javier
name: Isaak, Kate
name: Karczewski, Oskar L.
name: Parkin, Tara J.
name: Pellegrini, Eric W.
name: Remy-Ruyer, Aurelie
name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: Smith, Matthew
name: Sturm, Eckhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the applicability of far-infrared fine-structure lines [CII] 158 micron, [OI] 63 micron and [OIII] 88 micron to reliably trace the star formation rate (SFR) in a sample of low-metallicity dwarf galaxies from the Herschel Dwarf Galaxy Survey and compare with a broad sample of galaxies of various types and metallicities in the literature. We study the trends and scatter in the relation between the SFR (as traced by GALEX FUV and MIPS 24 micron) and far-infrared line emission, on spatially resolved and global galaxy scales, in dwarf galaxies. We assemble far-infrared line measurements from the literature and infer whether the far-infrared lines can probe the SFR (as traced by the total-infrared luminosity) in a variety of galaxy populations. In metal-poor dwarfs, the [OI] and [OIII] lines show the strongest correlation with the SFR with an uncertainty on the SFR estimates better than a factor of 2, while the link between [CII] emission and the SFR is more dispersed (uncertainty factor of 2.6). The increased scatter in the SFR-L([CII]) relation towards low metal abundances, warm dust temperatures, large filling factors of diffuse, highly ionized gas suggests that other cooling lines start to dominate depending on the density and ionization state of the gas. For the literature sample, we evaluate the correlations for a number of different galaxy populations. The [CII] and [OI] lines are considered to be reliable SFR tracers in starburst galaxies, recovering the star formation activity within an uncertainty of factor 2. [Abridged]
description: 35 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A on May 7th 2014
Infinite Matrix Product States for long range SU(N) spin models
Creators: name: Bondesan, Roberto
name: Quella, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct 1D and 2D long-range SU(N) spin models as parent Hamiltonians associated with infinite matrix product states. The latter are constructed from correlators of primary fields in the SU(N) level 1 WZW model. Since the resulting groundstates are of Gutzwiller-Jastrow type, our models can be regarded as lattice discretizations of fractional quantum Hall systems. We then focus on two specific types of 1D spin chains with spins located on the unit circle, a uniform and an alternating arrangement. For an equidistant distribution of identical spins we establish an explicit connection to the SU(N) Haldane-Shastry model, thereby proving that the model is critical and described by a SU(N) level 1 WZW model. In contrast, while turning out to be critical as well, the alternating model can only be treated numerically. Our numerical results rely on a reformulation of the original problem in terms of loop models.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures
Effectiveness of an Opioid Stewardship Guideline in Renal Transplant Recipients Post-Discharge
Creators: name: Berkley, Ellen
name: Takhar, Shannan
name: Wilson, Machelle
name: Fine, Jeffrey
name: Ho, Tam
name: Dray, Joy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Previous literature suggests that kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) do not use the majority of opioid tablets prescribed after transplant surgery. This study analyzed the effectiveness of a new pain management guidance in KTRs after discharge from transplant surgery at a renal transplant center. The single center pre-, post- study compared the number of opioid refill requests, patient-reported pain control, multimodal analgesic agents, and opioid tablets prescribed at discharge in both pre- and post- cohorts. A total of 127 patients were included. Data was collected through standardized patient interviews and chart review from electronic medical records. The pre-guidance and post-guidance cohorts had no detectable difference in refill requests (p = 0.365) nor pain control (p = 0.324) post-discharge. The post-group had a significant reduction in opioid tablets prescribed at discharge (22 tablets ± 10 vs 10 tablets ± 2, p = <0.0001) with a significant increase in acetaminophen (p = 0.005) and lidocaine patches (p = <0.0001) prescribed at discharge. Both groups used a mean of three opioid tablets within the first week after discharge. The guidance resulted in 700 fewer opioid tablets in the community during the study time frame, with no difference in pain control nor refill requests after discharge.
Learning-based Observer Evaluated on the Kinematic Bicycle Model
Creators: name: Ghosn, Agapius Bou
name: Polack, Philip
name: de La Fortelle, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The knowledge of the states of a vehicle is a necessity to perform proper planning and control. These quantities are usually accessible through measurements. Control theory brings extremely useful methods -- observers -- to deal with quantities that cannot be directly measured or with noisy measurements. Classical observers are mathematically derived from models. In spite of their success, such as the Kalman filter, they show their limits when systems display high non-linearities, modeling errors, high uncertainties or difficult interactions with the environment (e.g. road contact). In this work, we present a method to build a learning-based observer able to outperform classical observing methods. We compare several neural network architectures and define the data generation procedure used to train them. The method is evaluated on a kinematic bicycle model which allows to easily generate data for training and testing. This model is also used in an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for comparison of the learning-based observer with a state of the art model-based observer. The results prove the interest of our approach and pave the way for future improvements of the technique.
description: ICSC 2022
Sailing past the End of the World and discovering the Island
Creators: name: Anous, Tarek
name: Meineri, Marco
name: Pelliconi, Pietro
name: Sonner, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large black holes in anti-de Sitter space have positive specific heat and do not evaporate. In order to mimic the behavior of evaporating black holes, one may couple the system to an external bath. In this paper we explore a rich family of such models, namely ones obtained by coupling two holographic CFTs along a shared interface (ICFTs). We focus on the limit where the bulk solution is characterized by a thin brane separating the two individual duals. These systems may be interpreted in a double holographic way, where one integrates out the bath and ends up with a lower-dimensional gravitational braneworld dual to the interface degrees of freedom. Our setup has the advantage that all observables can be defined and calculated by only relying on standard rules of AdS/CFT. We exploit this to establish a number of general results, relying on a detailed analysis of the geodesics in the bulk. Firstly, we prove that the entropy of Hawking radiation in the braneworld is obtained by extremizing the generalized entropy, and moreover that at late times a so-called `island saddle' gives the dominant contribution. We also derive Takayanagi's prescription for calculating entanglement entropies in BCFTs as a limit of our ICFT results.
description: 46 pages, 13 figures. v2: minor corrections, references added. v3: minor corrections. v4: references added
Supplementary document for Surface Material Recognition through Machine Learning using Time of Flight Lidar - 6479098.pdf
Creators: name: Tafone, Daniel
name: McEvoy, Luke
name: Rehain, Patrick
name: Sua, Yong Meng
name: Huang, Yuping
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Component List
Stability of the smectic phase in arrays of parallel quantum wires
Creators: name: Jose, Geo
name: Uchoa, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using bosonization, we study a microscopic model of parallel quantum wires constructed from two dimensional Dirac fermions in the presence of periodic topological domain walls. The model accounts for the lateral spread of the wavefunctions $\ell$ in the transverse direction to the wires. The gapless modes confined to each domain wall are shown to form Luttinger liquids, which realize a well known smectic non-Fermi liquid fixed point when interwire Coulomb interactions are taken into account. Perturbative studies on phenomenological models have shown that the smectic fixed point is unstable towards a variety of phases such as superconductivity, stripe, smectic and Fermi liquid phases. Here, we show that the considered microscopic model leads to a phase diagram with only smectic metal and Fermi liquid phases. The smectic metal phase is stable in the ideal quantum wire limit $\ell\to0$. For finite $\ell$, we find a critical Coulomb coupling $α_{c}$ separating the strong coupling smectic metal from a weak coupling Fermi liquid phase. We conjecture that the absence of superconductivity should be a generic feature of similar microscopic models. Finally, we discuss the physical realization of this model with moire heterostructures.
Test of the Statistical Isotropy of the Universe using Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Galloni, Giacomo
name: Bartolo, Nicola
name: Matarrese, Sabino
name: Migliaccio, Marina
name: Ricciardone, Angelo
name: Vittorio, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since WMAP and Planck some anomalous features appeared in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) large-angle anisotropy, the so-called anomalies. One of these is the hemispherical power asymmetry, i.e. a difference in the average power on the two hemispheres centered around (l, b) = (221, -20), which shows a relatively high level of significance. Such an anomaly could be the signature of a departure from statistical isotropy on large scales. Here we investigate the physical origin of this anomaly using the Cosmological Gravitational Wave Background (CGWB) detectable by future GW detectors. Indeed, the CGWB offers a unique window to explore the early universe and we show that it can be used in combination with CMB data to shed light on the statistical isotropy of our universe. Specifically, we study the evolution of gravitons in the presence of a modulating field in the scalar gravitational potentials accounting for the hemispherical power asymmetry and we infer the amplitude of this modulating field through a minimal variance estimator exploiting both constrained and unconstrained realizations of the CGWB. We show that the addition of the CGWB will allow an improvement in the assessment of the physical origin of the CMB power asymmetry. Accounting for the expected performances of LISA and BBO, we also show that the latter is expected to be signal-dominated on large-scales, proving that the CGWB could be the keystone to assess the significance of this anomaly.
description: Added discussions, corrected typos. Matches published version
Correlation functions for open XXZ spin 1/2 quantum chains with unparallel boundary magnetic fields
Creators: name: Niccoli, G.
name: Terras, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we continue our derivation of the correlation functions of open quantum spin 1/2 chains with unparallel magnetic fields on the edges; this time for the more involved case of the XXZ spin 1/2 chains. We develop our study in the framework of the quantum Separation of Variables (SoV), which gives us both the complete spectrum characterization and simple scalar product formulae for separate states, including transfer matrix eigenstates. Here, we leave the boundary magnetic field in the first site of the chain completely arbitrary, and we fix the boundary field in the last site $N$ of the chain to be a specific value along the $z$-direction. This is a natural first choice for the unparallel boundary magnetic fields. We prove that under these special boundary conditions, on the one side, we have a simple enough complete spectrum description in terms of homogeneous Baxter like $TQ$-equation. On the other side, we prove a simple enough description of the action of a basis of local operators on transfer matrix eigenstates as linear combinations of separate states. Thanks to these results, we achieve our main goal to derive correlation functions for a set of local operators both for the finite and half-infinite chains, with multiple integral formulae in this last case.
description: 73 pages
Homotopy Equivalent Algebraic Structures in Multicategories and Permutative Categories
Creators: name: Johnson, Niles
name: Yau, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 18M65, Secondary: 18M05, 55P42

description: We show that the free construction from multicategories to permutative categories is a categorically-enriched non-symmetric multifunctor. Our main result then shows that the induced functor between categories of algebras is an equivalence of homotopy theories. We describe an application to ring categories.
description: 45 pages. Final version as published in Theory and Applications of Categories. The main result here extends that of arXiv:2111.08653 to categories of algebras.
Benchmarking FedAvg and FedCurv for Image Classification Tasks
Creators: name: Casella, Bruno
name: Esposito, Roberto
name: Cavazzoni, Carlo
name: Aldinucci, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68T07

description: Classic Machine Learning techniques require training on data available in a single data lake. However, aggregating data from different owners is not always convenient for different reasons, including security, privacy and secrecy. Data carry a value that might vanish when shared with others; the ability to avoid sharing the data enables industrial applications where security and privacy are of paramount importance, making it possible to train global models by implementing only local policies which can be run independently and even on air-gapped data centres. Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach which has emerged as an effective way to address privacy concerns by only sharing local AI models while keeping the data decentralized. Two critical challenges of Federated Learning are managing the heterogeneous systems in the same federated network and dealing with real data, which are often not independently and identically distributed (non-IID) among the clients. In this paper, we focus on the second problem, i.e., the problem of statistical heterogeneity of the data in the same federated network. In this setting, local models might be strayed far from the local optimum of the complete dataset, thus possibly hindering the convergence of the federated model. Several Federated Learning algorithms, such as FedAvg, FedProx and Federated Curvature (FedCurv), aiming at tackling the non-IID setting, have already been proposed. This work provides an empirical assessment of the behaviour of FedAvg and FedCurv in common non-IID scenarios. Results show that the number of epochs per round is an important hyper-parameter that, when tuned appropriately, can lead to significant performance gains while reducing the communication cost. As a side product of this work, we release the non-IID version of the datasets we used so to facilitate further comparisons from the FL community.
description: 12 pages, Proceedings of ITADATA22, The 1st Italian Conference on Big Data and Data Science; Published on CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073), Vol. 3340, pp. 99-110, 2022
Untersuchung von Möglichkeiten eines dimensionalen Übergangs auf einer Au/Ge(001)-Oberfläche mittels organischer Moleküle
Creators: name: Atiawotse, Eyram
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Tomonaga-Luttinger
subject: dimensional crossover
subject: Dimensionsübergang
subject: CuPc
subject: Luttinger-Flüssigkeiten
subject: 530
subject: Kopplung Physik
subject: Quantenflüssigkeit
subject: Luttinger-Flüssigkeit
subject: Fermi-Energie
subject: Metall

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2023
description: Die Schrift des PDFs ist nicht kopierbar
Untitled ESM: Endothelial cell-derived triosephosphate isomerase attenuates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells
Creators: name: Bareket Daniel
name: Livne, Ariela
name: Cohen, Guy
name: Kahremany, Shirin
name: Sasson, Shlomo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pharmacology

description: Endothelial cell-beta cell paracrine interactions
On the Equivalence of Two Security Notions for Hierarchical Key Assignment Schemes in the Unconditional Setting
Creators: name: Cafaro, Massimo
name: Civino, Roberto
name: Masucci, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The access control problem in a hierarchy can be solved by using a hierarchical key assignment scheme, where each class is assigned an encryption key and some private information. A formal security analysis for hierarchical key assignment schemes has been traditionally considered in two different settings, i.e., the unconditionally secure and the computationally secure setting, and with respect to two different notions: security against key recovery (KR-security) and security with respect to key indistinguishability (KI-security), with the latter notion being cryptographically stronger. Recently, Freire, Paterson and Poettering proposed strong key indistinguishability (SKI-security) as a new security notion in the computationally secure setting, arguing that SKI-security is strictly stronger than KI-security in such a setting. In this paper we consider the unconditionally secure setting for hierarchical key assignment schemes. In such a setting the security of the schemes is not based on specific unproven computational assumptions, i.e., it relies on the theoretical impossibility of breaking them, despite the computational power of an adversary coalition. We prove that, in this setting, SKI-security is not stronger than KI-security, i.e., the two notions are fully equivalent from an information-theoretic point of view.
Differential cross sections and photon beam asymmetries of $η$ photoproduction on the proton at $E_γ$ = 1.3-2.4 GeV
Creators: name: Hashimoto, T.
name: Nam, T.
name: Muramatsu, N.
name: Ahn, J. K.
name: Chang, W. C.
name: Chen, J. Y.
name: Chu, M. L.
name: Date, S.
name: Gogami, T.
name: Goto, H.
name: Hamano, H.
name: He, Q. H.
name: Hicks, K.
name: Hiraiwa, T.
name: Honda, Y.
name: Hotta, T.
name: Ikuno, H.
name: Inoue, Y.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Jo, J. M.
name: Kasamatsu, Y.
name: Katsuragawa, H.
name: Kido, S.
name: Kon, Y.
name: Matsumoto, S.
name: Matsumura, Y.
name: Miyabe, M.
name: Mizutani, K.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Nakano, T.
name: Niiyama, M.
name: Nozawa, Y.
name: Ohashi, Y.
name: Ohnishi, H.
name: Ohta, T.
name: Ozawa, K.
name: Rangacharyulu, C.
name: Ryu, S. Y.
name: Sada, Y.
name: Shibukawa, T.
name: Shimizu, H.
name: Shirai, R.
name: Shiraishi, K.
name: Strokovsky, E. A.
name: Sugaya, Y.
name: Sumihama, M.
name: Suzuki, S.
name: Tanaka, S.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Tokiyasu, A.
name: Tomida, N.
name: Tsuchikawa, Y.
name: Ueda, T.
name: Yamazaki, H.
name: Yamazaki, R.
name: Yanai, Y.
name: Yorita, T.
name: Yoshida, C.
name: Yosoi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out exclusive measurements for the photoproduction of an $η$ meson from a proton target with an egg-shaped calorimeter made of BGO crystals (BGOegg) and forward charged-particle detectors at the SPring-8 LEPS2 beamline. The differential cross sections and photon beam asymmetries of the $γp \to ηp$ reaction are measured in a center-of-mass energy ($W$) range of $1.82$-$2.32$ GeV and a polar angle range of $-1.0 < \cos{θ^η_{\mathrm{c.m.}}} < 0.6$. The reaction is identified by selecting a proton and two $γ$'s produced by an $η$-meson decay. The kinematic fit method was employed to select the reaction candidate with the confidence level larger than $1$\%. A bump structure at $W$ = $2.0$-$2.3$ GeV in the differential cross section is confirmed at extremely backward $η$ polar angles, where the existing data are inconsistent with each other. This bump structure is likely associated with high-spin resonances that couple with $s\bar{s}$ quarks. The results of the photon beam asymmetries in a wide $η$ polar angle range are new for the photon beam energies exceeding $2.1$ GeV. These results are not reproduced by the existing partial wave analyses. They provide an additional constraint to nucleon resonance studies at high energies.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
DARKSIDE: A Heterogeneous RISC-V Compute Cluster for Extreme-Edge On-Chip DNN Inference and Training
Creators: name: Garofalo, Angelo
name: Tortorella, Yvan
name: Perotti, Matteo
name: Valente, Luca
name: Nadalini, Alessandro
name: Benini, Luca
name: Rossi, Davide
name: Conti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On-chip DNN inference and training at the Extreme-Edge (TinyML) impose strict latency, throughput, accuracy and flexibility requirements. Heterogeneous clusters are promising solutions to meet the challenge, combining the flexibility of DSP-enhanced cores with the performance and energy boost of dedicated accelerators. We present DARKSIDE, a System-on-Chip with a heterogeneous cluster of 8 RISC-V cores enhanced with 2-b to 32-b mixed-precision integer arithmetic. To boost performance and efficiency on key compute-intensive Deep Neural Network (DNN) kernels, the cluster is enriched with three digital accelerators: a specialized engine for low-data-reuse depthwise convolution kernels (up to 30 MAC/cycle); a minimal overhead datamover to marshal 1-b to 32-b data on-the-fly; a 16-b floating point Tensor Product Engine (TPE) for tiled matrix-multiplication acceleration. DARKSIDE is implemented in 65nm CMOS technology. The cluster achieves a peak integer performance of 65 GOPS and a peak efficiency of 835 GOPS/W when working on 2-b integer DNN kernels. When targeting floating-point tensor operations, the TPE provides up to 18.2 GFLOPS of performance or 300 GFLOPS/W of efficiency - enough to enable on-chip floating-point training at competitive speed coupled with ultra-low power quantized inference.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures
Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of transition metal dimers driven by polarization switching of two-dimensional ferroelectric In2Se3 substrate
Creators: name: Qiao, Wen
name: Jin, Deyou
name: Mi, Wenbo
name: Wang, Dunhui
name: Yan, Shiming
name: Xu, Xiaoyong
name: Zhou, Tiejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (MA) is highly desirable for realizing atomic-scale magnetic data storage which represents the ultimate limit of the density of magnetic recording. In this work, we studied the MA of transition metal dimers Co-Os, Co-Co and Os-Os adsorbed on two-dimensional ferroelectric In2Se3 (In2Se3-CoOs, In2Se3-OsCo, In2Se3-CoCo and In2Se3-OsOs) by first-principles calculations. It is found that the Co-Os dimer in In2Se3-CoOs has large total perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of ~ 40 meV. In particular, the MAE arising from Os atom is up to ~ 60 meV. The large MAE is attributed to the high spin-orbit coupling constant and the onefold coordination of Os atom. In addition, the MA of the dimers can be tuned by the polarization reversal of In2Se3. When the polarization is upward, the easy-axis directions of MA in In2Se3-OsCo, In2Se3-CoCo and In2Se3-OsOs are all in-plane, while the directions become perpendicular as the polarization is switched to downward. For the In2Se3-CoOs, switching polarization from upward to downward enhance the perpendicular MA from ~ 20 meV to ~ 40 meV. Based on the second-order perturbation theory, we confirm that the exchange splitting of dxy/dx2-y2 and dxz/dyz orbitals as well as the occupation of dz2 orbital at the vicinity of Fermi level play important roles in the changes of MA with the reversal of FE polarization of In2Se3.
On the irrelevance of the Gribov issue in N=4 Super Yang-Mills in the Landau gauge
Creators: name: Capri, M. A. L.
name: Guimaraes, M. S.
name: Justo, I. F.
name: Palhares, L. F.
name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue of the Gribov copies is discussed in Euclidean N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory quantized in the Landau gauge. As a consequence of the absence of a renormalization group invariant scale, it turns out that it is not possible to attach a dynamical meaning to the Gribov parameter. This implies that, in N=4 Super Yang-Mills, there is no need for the restriction of the domain of integration in the functional integral to the Gribov region, and no non-perturbative dynamical scale is generated. This result is in agreement with the absence of a confining phase observed from the Coulomb behaviour of the Wilson loop evaluated through the AdS/CFT correspondence. The non-renormalization theorem of the gluon-ghost-antighost vertex of the Landau gauge is also explicitly checked till three loops.
description: 10 pages, no figures; v2: discussion on the ghost propagator added, matches version to appear in PLB
Modeling of ultrafast X-ray induced magnetization dynamics in magnetic multilayer systems
Creators: name: Kapcia, K. J.
name: Tkachenko, V.
name: Capotondi, F.
name: Lichtenstein, A.
name: Molodtsov, S.
name: Mueller, L.
name: Philippi-Kobs, A.
name: Piekarz, P.
name: Ziaja, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report on modelling results obtained with our recently developed simulation tool enabling nanoscopic description of electronic processes in X-ray irradiated ferromagnetic materials. With this tool, we have studied the response of Co/Pt multilayer system irradiated by an ultrafast extreme ultraviolet pulse at the M-edge of Co (photon energy $\sim$ 60 eV). It was previously investigated experimentally at the FERMI free-electron-laser facility, using the magnetic small-angle X-ray scattering technique. Our simulations show that the magnetic scattering signal from cobalt decreases on femtosecond timescales due to electronic excitation, relaxation and transport processes both in the cobalt and in the platinum layers, following the trend observed in the experimental data. The confirmation of the predominant role of electronic processes for X-ray induced demagnetization in the regime below the structural damage threshold is a step towards quantitative control and manipulation of X-ray induced magnetic processes on femtosecond timescales.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures; minor changes. This is the author created version of an article accepted for publication in npj Computational Materials journal. The article has been published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY 4.0 licence
The causal role of vitamin D deficiency in worse Covid-19 outcomes: implications for policy and practice development
Creators: name: McCartney, D.M.
name: O’Shea, P.M.
name: Healy, M
name: Walsh, J.B.
name: Griffin, T.P.
name: WALSH, CATHAL
name: Byrne, D.G.
name: Kenny, R.A.
name: Faul, J.L.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: Covid-19 continues to contribute to excess morbidity and mortality in Ireland. The associated hospitalisation and ICU admissions impose an unsustainable burden on the Irish public health system. In the last twenty-eight days alone, there have been a further 176 Covid-19 related deaths, with total mortality now standing in excess of 8,515 case fatalities1 . Since early in the pandemic, emerging evidence has supported a role for insufficient vitamin D status as a contributor to both SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of Covid-19 outcomes2-5.
How Can Mixed Reality Benefit From Physiologically-Adaptive Systems? Challenges and Opportunities for Human Factors Applications
Creators: name: Chiossi, Francesco
name: Mayer, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mixed Reality (MR) allows users to interact with digital objects in a physical environment, but several limitations have hampered widespread adoption. Physiologically adaptive systems detecting user's states can drive interaction and address these limitations. Here, we highlight potential usability and interaction limitations in MR and how physiologically adaptive systems can benefit MR experiences and applications. We specifically address potential applications for human factors and operational settings such as healthcare, education, and entertainment. We further discuss benefits and applications in light of ethical and privacy concerns. The use of physiologically adaptive systems in MR has the potential to revolutionize human-computer interactions and provide users with a more personalized and engaging experience.
Entanglement Features of Random Neural Network Quantum States
Creators: name: Sun, Xiao-Qi
name: Nebabu, Tamra
name: Han, Xizhi
name: Flynn, Michael O.
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a class of neural networks that have been successfully employed as a variational ansatz for quantum many-body wave functions. Here, we develop an analytic method to study quantum many-body spin states encoded by random RBMs with independent and identically distributed complex Gaussian weights. By mapping the computation of ensemble-averaged quantities to statistical mechanics models, we are able to investigate the parameter space of the RBM ensemble in the thermodynamic limit. We discover qualitatively distinct wave functions by varying RBM parameters, which correspond to distinct phases in the equivalent statistical mechanics model. Notably, there is a regime in which the typical RBM states have near-maximal entanglement entropy in the thermodynamic limit, similar to that of Haar-random states. However, these states generically exhibit nonergodic behavior in the Ising basis, and do not form quantum state designs, making them distinguishable from Haar-random states.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, close to published version
Magnetic Interactions of the Centrosymmetric Skyrmion Material Gd2PdSi3
Creators: name: Paddison, Joseph A. M.
name: Rai, Binod K.
name: May, Andrew F.
name: Calder, Stuart A.
name: Stone, Matthew B.
name: Frontzek, Matthias D.
name: Christianson, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental realization of magnetic skyrmions in centrosymmetric materials has been driven by theoretical understanding of how a delicate balance of anisotropy and frustration can stabilize topological spin structures in applied magnetic fields. Recently, the centrosymmetric material Gd$_{2}$PdSi$_{3}$ was shown to host a field-induced skyrmion phase, but the skyrmion stabilization mechanism remains unclear. Here, we employ neutron-scattering measurements on an isotopically-enriched polycrystalline Gd$_{2}$PdSi$_{3}$ sample to quantify the interactions that drive skyrmion formation. Our analysis reveals spatially-extended interactions in triangular planes that are consistent with an RKKY mechanism, and large ferromagnetic inter-planar magnetic interactions that are modulated by the Pd/Si superstructure. The skyrmion phase emerges from a zero-field helical magnetic order with magnetic moments perpendicular to the magnetic propagation vector, indicating that the magnetic dipolar interaction plays a significant role. Our experimental results establish an interaction space that can promote skyrmion formation, facilitating identification and design of centrosymmetric skyrmion materials.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Looking for "avalanche-mechanism" loss at an atom-molecule Efimov resonance
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Guang
name: Bloom, Ruth S.
name: Jin, Deborah S.
name: Goldwin, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "avalanche mechanism" has been used to relate Efimov trimer states to certain enhanced atom loss features observed in ultracold atom gas experiments. These atom loss features are argued to be a signature of resonant atom-molecule scattering that occurs when an Efimov trimer is degenerate with the atom-molecule scattering threshold. However, observation of these atom loss features has yet to be combined with the direct observation of atom-molecule resonant scattering for any particular atomic species. In addition, recent Monte-Carlo simulations were unable to reproduce a narrow loss feature. We experimentally search for enhanced atom loss features near an established scattering resonance between 40K87Rb Feshbach molecules and 87Rb atoms. Our measurements of both the three-body recombination rate in a gas of 40K and 87Rb atoms and the ratio of the number loss for the two species do not show any broad loss feature and are therefore inconsistent with theoretical predictions that use the avalanche mechanism.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Heavy tetraquark states and quarkonium hybrids
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Steele, T. G.
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the $XYZ$ resonances observed by the Belle, Babar, CLEO and BESIII collaborations in the past decade are difficult to interpret as conventional quark-antiquark mesons, motivating the consideration of scenarios such as multi-quark states, meson molecules, and hybrids. After a brief introduction to QCD sum-rule methods, we provide a brief but comprehensive review of the mass spectra of the quarkonium-like tetraquark states $qQ\bar q\bar Q$, doubly charmed/bottomed tetraquark states $QQ\bar q\bar q$ and the heavy quarkonium hybrid states $\bar QGQ$ in the QCD sum rules approach. Possible interpretations of the $XYZ$ resonances are briefly discussed.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, invited article for "Universe"
ESM: Endothelial cell-derived triosephosphate isomerase attenuates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells
Creators: name: Bareket Daniel
name: Livne, Ariela
name: Cohen, Guy
name: Kahremany, Shirin
name: Sasson, Shlomo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pharmacology

description: Endothelial cell-beta cell paracrine interactions
Investigation of Mixed Irradiation Effects in p-MCz Thin Silicon Microstrip Detector for the HL-LHC Experiments
Creators: name: Patyal, Shilpa
name: Saini, Nitu
name: Kaur, Balwinder
name: Chatterjee, Puspita
name: Michael, Thresia
name: Srivastava, Ajay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A lot of R & D work is carried out in the CERN RD50 Collaboration to find out the best material for the Si detectors that can be used in the harsh radiation environment of HL-LHC, n and p-MCz Si was identified as one of the prime candidates as a material for strip detector that can be chosen the phase 2 upgrade plan of the new Compact Muon Solenoid tracker detector in 2026. For the very first time, in this work, an advanced four level deep-trap mixed irradiation model for p-MCz Si is proposed by the comparison of experimental data on the full depletion voltage and leakage current to the Shockley Read Hall recombination statistics results on the mixed irradiated p-MCz Si PAD detector. In this work, we have determined the effective introduction rate ηeff of shallower donor deep trap E30 K using SRH theory calculations for exp. Neff and that can shown the behavior of space charges and electric field distribution in the p-MCz Si strip detector and compared its value with the Neff of shallower donor deep trap E30 K in the n -MCz Si microstrip detector. Prediction uncertainty in the p-MCz Si radiation damage mixed irradiation model considered in the full depletion voltage and leakage current. A very good agreement is observed in the experimental and SRH results. This radiation damage models also used to extrapolate the value of the full depletion voltage at different mixed (proton + neutron) higher irradiation fluences for the thin p-MCz Si microstrip detector.
description: Accepted in JINST, IOP, UK,6 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2103.02318
Additional file 1 of Citizens’ opinions and experiences related to costs and reimbursements for medications in times of retrenchment: cross-sectional population surveys in 2015 and 2017
Creators: name: Aaltonen, Katri
name: Niemelä, Mikko
name: Prix, Irene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Contextual framework.
title: Omics data integration suggests a potential idiopathic Parkinson’s disease signature
Creators: name: Alise Zagare
name: German Andres Preciat Gonzalez
name: Sarah Nickels
name: Xi Luo
name: Anna Sophia Monzel
name: Gemma Gomez Giro
name: Graham Robertson
name: Christian Jäger
name: Jafar Sharif
name: Haruhiko Koseki
name: Nico Diederich
name: Enrico Glaab
name: Ronan M.T. Fleming
name: Jens Christian Schwamborn
Publisher: name: LCSB
Year: 2023

description: The vast majority of Parkinson’s disease cases are idiopathic. Unclear etiology and multifactorial nature complicate the comprehension of disease pathogenesis. Identification of early transcriptomic and metabolic alterations consistent across different idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) patients might reveal the potential basis of increased dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and primary disease mechanisms. In this study, we combine systems biology and data integration approaches to identify differences in transcriptomic and metabolic signatures between IPD patient and healthy individual-derived midbrain neural precursor cells. Characterization of gene expression and metabolic modeling reveals pyruvate, several amino acids and lipid metabolism as the most dysregulated metabolic pathways in IPD neural precursors. Furthermore, we show that IPD neural precursors endure mitochondrial metabolism impairment and a reduced total NAD pool. Accordingly, we show that treatment with NAD precursors increases ATP yield hence demonstrating a potential to rescue early IPD-associated metabolic changes.