cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A Fine Structural and Cytochemical Investigation into Pathogenicity of Entamoeba Histolytica Strains using Cell Line Monolayers (2 Volumes)
Creators: name: McCaul, TF
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1976

description: Past literature on the pathogenesis of amoebulae is reviewed. Cytochemical and electron microscopy techniques are carried out to investigate the potential Mechanisms of initial cell damage through the interaction between cultivated pathogenic strains of entamoeba histolytica and cell line monolayers. Experiments demonstrated: 1) Contact between the amoeba and cultured cello is essential for pathogenesis to occur. 2) No evidence to suggest that the amoebic enzyme-containing organelles or surface lysosome are responsible for cell dames. 3) No evidence of any amoebic cytotoxic enzyme involvement in cell damage. 4) A toxin , probably plasmalemma associated, that appears to act on the plasma membrane of the contacted cell, leading to the breakdown of selective permeability. Cell lveia results from osmotic effect. The pathological changes in injured cells loading to cell death, and the engulfment of the injured cell by the amoeba by the process of phagocytosis are shown. 3) That cell lysosomes play no part in the early development of cell injury and there is a delay in change in the distribution of the lysosomal hydrolases after the addition of trophozoites. 6) That cell death is not the immediate consequence of viral genome transfer into the host cell, thou/ii the presence of viral genome in the amoeba may have some connection with pathogenicity. The usefulness of cell-line monolayers in evaluating the virulence of cultivated strains of entamoeba histolytica is discussed. Further work to define the chemical nature of the amoeblo plasmalemma is necessary and also to isolate the toxic factor and to determine its role in pathogenicity.
From the delay time in Quantum Mechanics to the Goos-Hänchen shift in Optics
Creators: name: De Leo, Stefano
name: Solidoro, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Delay times in quantum mechanics always represented an intriguing challenge for physicists. Due to the fact that quantum mechanical experiments are, often, hard to be implemented, the possibility to connect delay times with laser lateral displacements gives us the opportunity to prepare, in optical laboratories, experiments which are equivalent to the quantum mechanical ones in detecting delay times. In this article, we will show in detail not only the relationship between delay times and Goos-Haenchen shifts, but also the close connection between the impulse change in quantum mechanics and angular deviations in optics. Lateral shifts are caused by the phase of Fresnel coefficients whereas angular deviations by the breaking of symmetry of the wave number distributions. The classical formula for the delay time is based on the use of the stationary phase method and contains a divergence for incidence at a critical potential energy. For Gaussian beams, the mean value calculation removes such a divergence. The closed expression for the delay time for incidence at critical energy show an excellent agreement with the numerical calculation. The three-dimensional analysis of delay times allow to find the final and definitive connection between wave packets reflected by a potential in quantum mechanics and optical beams reflected by a dielectric/air interface.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
title: ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¡ÐÐ§ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ AWR Design Environment
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
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Year: 2024
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description: Ð¡Ð¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ðµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«Ð£ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²Â» (Ð£ÐÐ¤Ð¡) Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¤ÐÐÐ¡ 11.04.01 Â«Ð Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Â». Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ð£ÐÐ¤Ð¡ Â«Ð¡Ð¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¡ÐÐ§ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Â», Â«Ð­Ð»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐ·Ð»Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¡ÐÐ§Â», Â«Ð£Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð¡ÐÐ§Â». Ð Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ¹Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¡ÐÐ§ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² AWR Design Environment (AWR DE), ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð² ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ AWR DE Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¡ÐÐ§ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ.
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Understanding User Satisfaction with Task-oriented Dialogue Systems
Creators: name: Siro, Clemencia
name: Aliannejadi, Mohammad
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: $ $Dialogue systems are evaluated depending on their type and purpose. Two categories are often distinguished: (1) task-oriented dialogue systems (TDS), which are typically evaluated on utility, i.e., their ability to complete a specified task, and (2) open domain chatbots, which are evaluated on the user experience, i.e., based on their ability to engage a person. What is the influence of user experience on the user satisfaction rating of TDS as opposed to, or in addition to, utility? We collect data by providing an additional annotation layer for dialogues sampled from the ReDial dataset, a widely used conversational recommendation dataset. Unlike prior work, we annotate the sampled dialogues at both the turn and dialogue level on six dialogue aspects: relevance, interestingness, understanding, task completion, efficiency, and interest arousal. The annotations allow us to study how different dialogue aspects influence user satisfaction. We introduce a comprehensive set of user experience aspects derived from the annotators' open comments that can influence users' overall impression. We find that the concept of satisfaction varies across annotators and dialogues, and show that a relevant turn is significant for some annotators, while for others, an interesting turn is all they need. Our analysis indicates that the proposed user experience aspects provide a fine-grained analysis of user satisfaction that is not captured by a monolithic overall human rating.
description: To appear in SIGIR 2022 short paper track
Proposal for Alfred P. Sloan Grant #2014-3-25 "to support greater understanding of social media in scholarly communication and the actual meaning of various altmetrics"
Creators: name: Haustein, Stefanie
name: Larivière, Vincent
name: Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
name: Takats, Sean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Science Policy
subject: Digital Humanities

description: full proposal submitted to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation by Vincent Larivière, Stefanie Haustein (University of Montreal), Cassidy R. Sugimoto (Indiana University Bloomington) and Sean Takats (Zotero, Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media) The grant #2014-3-25 "to support greater understanding of social media in scholarly communication and the actual meaning of various altmetrics" was awarded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to the University of Montreal in April 2014 for a period of 2 years.

More information on the project website: http://crc.ebsi.umontreal.ca/sloan/
Inverse molecular design from first principles: tailoring organic chromophore spectra for optoelectronic applications
Creators: name: Green, James David
name: Fuemmeler, Eric Gabriel
name: Hele, Timothy J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of molecules with tailored optoelectronic properties such as specific frequency and intensity of absorption or emission is a major challenge in creating next-generation organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and photovoltaics. This raises the question: how can we predict a potential chemical structure from these properties? Approaches that attempt to tackle this inverse design problem include virtual screening, active machine learning and genetic algorithms. However, these approaches rely on a molecular database or many electronic structure calculations, and significant computational savings could be achieved if there was prior knowledge of (i) whether the optoelectronic properties of a parent molecule could easily be improved and (ii) what morphing operations on a parent molecule could improve these properties. In this perspective we address both of these challenges from first principles. We firstly adapt the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule to organic chromophores and show how this indicates how easily the absorption and emission of a molecule can be improved. We then show how by combining electronic structure theory and intensity borrowing perturbation theory we can predict whether or not the proposed morphing operations will achieve the desired spectral alteration, and thereby derive widely-applicable design rules. We go on to provide proof-of-concept illustrations of this approach to optimizing the visible absorption of acenes and the emission of radical OLEDs. We believe this approach can be integrated into genetic algorithms by biasing morphing operations in favour of those which are likely to be successful, leading to faster molecular discovery and greener chemistry.
description: The following article has been accepted by The Journal of Chemical Physics. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0082311
Novel Synthesis of Isoquinoline Derivatives Derived from (Z)-4-(1,3-Diphenylpyrazol-4-yl)isochromene-1,3-dione
Creators: name: Mahmoud, Mahmoud R.
name: El-Shahawi, Manal M.
name: Abou-Elmagd, Wael S. I.
name: Hekal, Mohamed H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: A series of isoquinoline derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of the (Z)-4-(1,3-diphenylpyrazol-4-yl)isochromene-1,3-dione with different hydrazides, primary amines, diamines, 2-aminothiophenol, 2-aminobenzoic acid, p-aminoacetophenone and ethyl 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo- [b]thiophene-3-carboxylate. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1HNMR and mass spectra besides the analytical data.
New acylated anthocyanins from purple yam and their antioxidant activity
Creators: name: Moriya, Chiemi
name: Hosoya, Takahiro
name: Agawa, Sayuri
name: Sugiyama, Yasumasa
name: Kozone, Ikuko
name: Shin-Ya, Kazuo
name: Norihiko Terahara
name: Kumazawa, Shigenori
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Purple yam (Dioscorea alata L.), which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, is characterized by its color and viscosity. Previous studies have shown that purple yams contain a variety of acylated anthocyanins that exhibit higher levels of antioxidant activity than the corresponding nonacylated compounds. In this study, the pigments found in purple yams from the Philippines (D. alata) were isolated and evaluated in terms of antioxidant activity. Four new acylated anthocyanins, alanins (1–4) were isolated from the MeOH extracts of purple yam, which were subsequently determined to be cyanidin (1, 2, and 4) and peonidin (3) type compounds, along with four known anthocyanins (5–8). The structures of 1–4 were determined by spectroscopic methods, including NMR and MS analyses. The antioxidant activities of anthocyanins 1–8 were investigated using oxygen radical absorbing capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays.
IRFEL Selective Irradiation of Amorphous Solid Water: from Dangling to Bulk Modes
Creators: name: Coussan, S.
name: Noble, J. A.
name: Cuppen, H. M.
name: Redlich, B.
name: Ioppolo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous solid water (ASW) is one of the most widely studied solid phase systems. A better understanding of the nature of inter- and intramolecular forces in ASW is, however, still required to correctly interpret the catalytic role of ASW in the formation and preservation of molecular species in environments such as the icy surfaces of Solar System objects, on interstellar icy dust grains and potentially even in the upper layers of the Earth's atmosphere. In this work, we have systematically exposed porous ASW (pASW) to mid-infrared radiation generated by a free-electron laser at the HFML-FELIX facility in the Netherlands to study the effect of vibrational energy injection into the surface and bulk modes of pASW. During multiple sequential irradiations on the same ice spot, we observed selective effects both at the surface and in the bulk of the ice. Although the density of states in pASW should allow for a fast vibrational relaxation through the H-bonded network, part of the injected energy is converted into structural ice changes as illustrated by the observation of spectral modifications when performing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in reflection-absorption mode. Future studies will include the quantification of such effects by systematically investigating ice thickness, ice morphology, and ice composition.
description: Published in The Journal of Physical Chemistry A
User Trust on an Explainable AI-based Medical Diagnosis Support System
Creators: name: Rong, Yao
name: Castner, Nora
name: Bozkir, Efe
name: Kasneci, Enkelejda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research has supported that system explainability improves user trust and willingness to use medical AI for diagnostic support. In this paper, we use chest disease diagnosis based on X-Ray images as a case study to investigate user trust and reliance. Building off explainability, we propose a support system where users (radiologists) can view causal explanations for final decisions. After observing these causal explanations, users provided their opinions of the model predictions and could correct explanations if they did not agree. We measured user trust as the agreement between the model's and the radiologist's diagnosis as well as the radiologists' feedback on the model explanations. Additionally, they reported their trust in the system. We tested our model on the CXR-Eye dataset and it achieved an overall accuracy of 74.1%. However, the experts in our user study agreed with the model for only 46.4% of the cases, indicating the necessity of improving the trust. The self-reported trust score was 3.2 on a scale of 1.0 to 5.0, showing that the users tended to trust the model but the trust still needs to be enhanced.
description: 10 pages
Biological activities of ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K produced by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus calidoustus
Creators: name: Cantrell, Charles L.
name: Zani, Carlos Leomar
name: Romanha, Alvaro J.
name: Rosa, Carlos Augusto
name: Luiz H. Rosa
name: Carvalho, Camila Rodrigues De
name: Vieira, Mariana De Lourdes Almeida
name: Wedge, David E.
name: Alves, Tânia M.A.
name: Pimenta, Raphael Sanzio
name: Junior, Policarpo A. Sales
name: Silvane M.F. Murta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology

description: Endophytic fungi represent ubiquitous microbial organisms able to live in the tissues of different plants around the world and represent a prolific source of bioactive metabolites. In the present study, the endophytic fungus Aspergillus calidoustus was isolated from the medicinal plant Acanthospermum australe (Asteraceae), and identified using molecular, physiological and morphological methods. A methylene chloride crude extract of A. calidoustus has been produced and subjected to antifungal bioassay-directed fractionation which resulted in the isolation of the two bioactive compounds: ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K. These pure compounds displayed antifungal activity against fungal plant pathogens, protozoal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, and cytotoxic activity against human tumoral cell lines. The results show that A. calidoustus was able to produce the antifungal and cytotoxic metabolites ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K, which may help the fungus to colonise and occupy the substratum as well as survive in natural environments.
Resolution of d'Alembert's paradox using slip boundary conditions: The effect of the friction parameter on the drag coefficient
Creators: name: Gjerde, Ingeborg G.
name: Scott, L. Ridgway
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: d'Alembert's paradox is the contradictory observation that for incompressible and inviscid (potential) fluid flow, there is no drag force experienced by a body moving with constant velocity relative to the fluid. This paradox can be straightforwardly resolved by considering Navier's slip boundary condition. Potential flow around a cylinder then solves the Navier--Stokes equations using friction parameter $β=-2ν$. This negative friction parameter can be interpreted physically as the fluid being accelerated by the cylinder wall. This explains the lack of drag. In this paper, we introduce the Navier slip boundary condition and show that choosing the friction parameter positive resolves d'Alembert's paradox. We then further examine the effect of the friction parameter $β$ on the drag coefficient. In particular, we show that for large $β$ the drag coefficient corresponds well with experimental values. Moreover, we provide numerical evidence that the Newton continuation method (moving from small to large Reynold's numbers) requires fewer iterations to succeed. Thus the slip boundary condition is advantageous also from a computational perspective.
Hybridised Loss Functions for Improved Neural Network Generalisation
Creators: name: Dickson, Matthew C.
name: Bosman, Anna S.
name: Malan, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Loss functions play an important role in the training of artificial neural networks (ANNs), and can affect the generalisation ability of the ANN model, among other properties. Specifically, it has been shown that the cross entropy and sum squared error loss functions result in different training dynamics, and exhibit different properties that are complementary to one another. It has previously been suggested that a hybrid of the entropy and sum squared error loss functions could combine the advantages of the two functions, while limiting their disadvantages. The effectiveness of such hybrid loss functions is investigated in this study. It is shown that hybridisation of the two loss functions improves the generalisation ability of the ANNs on all problems considered. The hybrid loss function that starts training with the sum squared error loss function and later switches to the cross entropy error loss function is shown to either perform the best on average, or to not be significantly different than the best loss function tested for all problems considered. This study shows that the minima discovered by the sum squared error loss function can be further exploited by switching to cross entropy error loss function. It can thus be concluded that hybridisation of the two loss functions could lead to better performance in ANNs.
description: Edited version of this paper appears in the proceedings of the PAAISS'22 conference
Structured Matrix Completion with Applications to Genomic Data Integration
Creators: name: Tianxi Cai
name: T. Tony Cai
name: Anru Zhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Matrix completion has attracted significant recent attention in many fields including statistics, applied mathematics, and electrical engineering. Current literature on matrix completion focuses primarily on independent sampling models under which the individual observed entries are sampled independently. Motivated by applications in genomic data integration, we propose a new framework of structured matrix completion (SMC) to treat structured missingness by design. Specifically, our proposed method aims at efficient matrix recovery when a subset of the rows and columns of an approximately low-rank matrix are observed. We provide theoretical justification for the proposed SMC method and derive lower bound for the estimation errors, which together establish the optimal rate of recovery over certain classes of approximately low-rank matrices. Simulation studies show that the method performs well in finite sample under a variety of configurations. The method is applied to integrate several ovarian cancer genomic studies with different extent of genomic measurements, which enables us to construct more accurate prediction rules for ovarian cancer survival. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Empowering Next POI Recommendation with Multi-Relational Modeling
Creators: name: Huang, Zheng
name: Ma, Jing
name: Dong, Yushun
name: Foutz, Natasha Zhang
name: Li, Jundong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the wide adoption of mobile devices and web applications, location-based social networks (LBSNs) offer large-scale individual-level location-related activities and experiences. Next point-of-interest (POI) recommendation is one of the most important tasks in LBSNs, aiming to make personalized recommendations of next suitable locations to users by discovering preferences from users' historical activities. Noticeably, LBSNs have offered unparalleled access to abundant heterogeneous relational information about users and POIs (including user-user social relations, such as families or colleagues; and user-POI visiting relations). Such relational information holds great potential to facilitate the next POI recommendation. However, most existing methods either focus on merely the user-POI visits, or handle different relations based on over-simplified assumptions while neglecting relational heterogeneities. To fill these critical voids, we propose a novel framework, MEMO, which effectively utilizes the heterogeneous relations with a multi-network representation learning module, and explicitly incorporates the inter-temporal user-POI mutual influence with the coupled recurrent neural networks. Extensive experiments on real-world LBSN data validate the superiority of our framework over the state-of-the-art next POI recommendation methods.
title: Musiques électroniques et sciences sociales
Publisher: name: EHESS
Year: 2015

description:  Les   musiques   électroniques   constituent   l’une   des pratiques  artistiques  les  plus  significatives  lorsqu’il  s’agit de faire se rencontrer expérience créatrice et technologies, approche   scientifique   et   enjeux   esthétiques.   Elles supposent des usages multiples de la technologie et un foisonnement  stylistique  en  renouvellement  constant.  Les musiques électroniques génèrent autant de pratiques, de représentations et de modes de réception questionnés par les sciences sociales. Leur étude requiert la circulation des  savoirs  et  des  méthodes  afin  de  mesurer  pleinement les transformations qu’elles opèrent sur le monde et sur la manière de pratiquer la recherche sur cet objet aujourd’hui. PROGRAMME
Monant Medical Misinformation Dataset: Mapping Articles to Fact-Checked Claims
Creators: name: Srba, Ivan
name: Pecher, Branislav
name: Tomlein, Matus
name: Moro, Robert
name: Stefancova, Elena
name: Simko, Jakub
name: Bielikova, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: False information has a significant negative influence on individuals as well as on the whole society. Especially in the current COVID-19 era, we witness an unprecedented growth of medical misinformation. To help tackle this problem with machine learning approaches, we are publishing a feature-rich dataset of approx. 317k medical news articles/blogs and 3.5k fact-checked claims. It also contains 573 manually and more than 51k automatically labelled mappings between claims and articles. Mappings consist of claim presence, i.e., whether a claim is contained in a given article, and article stance towards the claim. We provide several baselines for these two tasks and evaluate them on the manually labelled part of the dataset. The dataset enables a number of additional tasks related to medical misinformation, such as misinformation characterisation studies or studies of misinformation diffusion between sources.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, SIGIR 2022 Resource paper track
Identifying risky drivers with simulated driving
Creators: name: Yiran Yuan
name: Du, Feng
name: Weina Qu
name: Wenguo Zhao
name: Zhang, Kan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Objective: The present study aimed to examine whether high-risk drivers differ from low-risk drivers in driving behavior in a simulated environment. Method: The 2 risk groups including 36 drivers (18 males and 18 females) performed driving tasks in a simulated environment. The simulated driving behaviors are compared between the 2 risk groups. Results: The high-risk drivers drove much faster and exhibited larger offsets of the steering wheel than did the low-risk drivers in events without incidents. Additionally, the high-risk drivers used turn signals and horns less frequently than the low-risk drivers. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the high-risk group differed from the low-risk group in driving behavior in a simulated environment. These results also suggest that simulated driving tasks might be useful tools for the evaluation of drivers’ potential risks.
Deuterated ammonia in Galactic massive star-forming regions
Creators: name: Li, Yuqiang
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Li, Juan
name: Liu, Shu
name: Luo, Qiuyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive observations of NH2D at 110.153599 GHz toward 50 Galactic massive star-forming regions with IRAM 30-m telescope. The NH2D transition is detected toward 36 objects, yielding a detection rate of 72%. Column densities of NH2D, HC3N and C18O for each source are derived by assuming local thermal equilibrium conditions with a fixed excitation temperature. The deuterium ratio of NH$_3$, defined as the abundance ratio of NH2D to NH3, for 19 sources is also obtained with the information of NH3 from the literature. The range of deuterium fractionation bends to be large in the late-stage star-forming regions in this work, with the value from 0.043 to 0.0006. The highest deuterium ratio of NH3 is 0.043 in G081.75+00.78 (DR21). We also find that the deuterium ratio of NH3 increases with the Galactocentric distances and decreases with the line width.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 16 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Structured Matrix Completion with Applications to Genomic Data Integration
Creators: name: Tianxi Cai
name: T. Tony Cai
name: Anru Zhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering

description: Matrix completion has attracted significant recent attention in many fields including statistics, applied mathematics and electrical engineering. Current literature on matrix completion focuses primarily on independent sampling models under which the individual observed entries are sampled independently. Motivated by applications in genomic data integration, we propose a new framework of structured matrix completion (SMC) to treat structured missingness by design. Specifically, our proposed method aims at efficient matrix recovery when a subset of the rows and columns of an approximately low-rank matrix are observed. We provide theoretical justification for the proposed SMC method and derive lower bound for the estimation errors, which together establish the optimal rate of recovery over certain classes of approximately low-rank matrices. Simulation studies show that the method performs well in finite sample under a variety of configurations. The method is applied to integrate several ovarian cancer genomic studies with different extent of genomic measurements, which enables us to construct more accurate prediction rules for ovarian cancer survival.
Designing Perceptual Puzzles by Differentiating Probabilistic Programs
Creators: name: Chandra, Kartik
name: Li, Tzu-Mao
name: Tenenbaum, Joshua
name: Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We design new visual illusions by finding "adversarial examples" for principled models of human perception -- specifically, for probabilistic models, which treat vision as Bayesian inference. To perform this search efficiently, we design a differentiable probabilistic programming language, whose API exposes MCMC inference as a first-class differentiable function. We demonstrate our method by automatically creating illusions for three features of human vision: color constancy, size constancy, and face perception.
description: 9 pages; 3 figures; SIGGRAPH '22 Conference Proceedings
Formalizing a Diophantine Representation of the Set of Prime Numbers
Creators: name: Pąk, Karol
name: Kaliszyk, Cezary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The DPRM (Davis-Putnam-Robinson-Matiyasevich) theorem is the main step in the negative resolution of Hilbert's 10th problem. Almost three decades of work on the problem have resulted in several equally surprising results. These include the existence of diophantine equations with a reduced number of variables, as well as the explicit construction of polynomials that represent specific sets, in particular the set of primes. In this work, we formalize these constructions in the Mizar system. We focus on the set of prime numbers and its explicit representation using 10 variables. It is the smallest representation known today. For this, we show that the exponential function is diophantine, together with the same properties for the binomial coefficient and factorial. This formalization is the next step in the research on formal approaches to diophantine sets following the DPRM theorem.
Identifying risky drivers with simulated driving
Creators: name: Yiran Yuan
name: Du, Feng
name: Weina Qu
name: Wenguo Zhao
name: Zhang, Kan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Objective: The present study aimed to examine whether high-risk drivers differ from low-risk drivers in driving behavior in a simulated environment. Method: The 2 risk groups including 36 drivers (18 males and 18 females) performed driving tasks in a simulated environment. The simulated driving behaviors are compared between the 2 risk groups. Results: The high-risk drivers drove much faster and exhibited larger offsets of the steering wheel than did the low-risk drivers in events without incidents. Additionally, the high-risk drivers used turn signals and horns less frequently than the low-risk drivers. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the high-risk group differed from the low-risk group in driving behavior in a simulated environment. These results also suggest that simulated driving tasks might be useful tools for the evaluation of drivers’ potential risks.
Dynamics of conformations, hydrogen bonds and translational diffusion of poly(methacrylic acid) in aqueous solution and the concentration transition in MD simulations
Creators: name: Rajalakshmi Chockalingam
name: Upendra Natarajan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The dynamic behaviour of chain conformations, hydrogen bonds and translational diffusion of aqueous poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) solution as a function of polymer volume fraction Φp across dilute to concentrated regimes inclusive of the pure polymer amorphous state was studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The behaviour of the relaxation time (τ) of the backbone dihedral angle auto-correlation function (ACF) reveals slower relaxation at higher level of polymer concentration and the existence of a concentration-driven relaxation transition for the aqueous polymer solution which occurs in the polymer volume fraction range, specifically 54% < Φp < 82% for this system. The relaxation constant τ for backbone dihedral angle exhibits a linear variation with Φp, indicating a first-order kinetic transition. The intermittent ACF for decay of the H-bond correlation shows that H-bonds among water molecules relax faster than those of the PMA–PMA and PMA–water type. The relaxation rate of PMA–water H-bonds shows a decrease up to Φp = 72% and becomes faster at Φp = 82% due to the confining influence of neighbouring PMA chains. PMA–water and water–water H-bond dynamics show transitions around Φp = 72% PMA. With increase in Φp PMA diffusion coefficient decreases exponentially and water diffusion coefficient decreases linearly, in agreement with experimental observations using fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies.
Distribution and function of prophage phiRv1 and phiRv2 among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Creators: name: Jianping Xie
name: Xiangyu Fan
name: Alla, Abu Algasim Elgaili Abd
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) is notorious for causing diseases, such as tuberculosis. Tuberculosis caused by M. tuberculosis remains a global public health concern. Two prophages, phiRv1 and phiRv2, can be found among most MTBC genomes. However, no precise functions have been assigned for the two prophages. In this paper, to find out the function of these two prophages, the distribution and function of phiRv1 and phiRv2 in MTBC genomes were analyzed from multiple omics data. We found that complex insertion, deletion, and reorganization appeared on the locus of two prophages in MTBC genomes; some genes of the two prophages can be translated and are functional from proteomic data; the expression of other prophage genes, such as Rv1577c, Rv2650c, Rv2652c, Rv2659c, and Rv2658c, can vary with environmental stresses and might enhance the fitness of MTBC. These data will facilitate our in-depth understanding of their function.
Catalytic application of N,2-dibromo-6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide on the synthesis of 1-carbamato-alkyl-2-naphthols and 1-thioamido-alkyl-2-naphthols
Creators: name: Ardeshir Khazaei
name: Abbasi, Fatemeh
name: Moosavi-Zare, Ahmad Reza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: A novel N-bromo sulfonamide reagent, namely N, 2-dibromo-6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide, is prepared and employed as a new and highly efficient catalyst for the preparation of 1-carbamato-alkyl-2-naphthol and 1-thioamido-alkyl-2-naphthol derivatives.
“Why Not Stoichiometry” Versus “Stoichiometry—Why Not?” Part II: GATES in Context with Redox Systems
Creators: name: Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk, Anna Maria
name: Asuero, Agustin G.
name: Toporek, Marcin
name: Michałowski, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: Redox equilibria and titration play an important role in chemical analysis, and the formulation of an accurate mathematical description is a challenge. This article is devoted to static and (mainly) dynamic redox systems; the dynamic systems are represented by redox titrations. An overview addresses earlier approaches to static redox systems (redox diagram plots, including Pourbaix diagrams) and to titration redox systems, thereby covering a gap in the literature. After this short review, the generalized approach to electrolytic systems (GATES) is introduced, with generalized electron balance (GEB) as its inherent part within GATES/GEB. Computer simulation, performed according to GATES/GEB, enables following the changes in potential and pH of the solution, together with chemical speciation at each step of a titration, thus providing better insight into this procedure. The undeniable advantages of GATES/GEB over earlier approaches are indicated. Formulation of GEB according to two approaches (I and II) is presented on the respective examples. A general criterion distinguishing between non-redox and redox systems is presented. It is indicated that the formulation of GEB according to Approach II does not need the knowledge of oxidation degrees of particular elements; knowledge of the composition, expressed by chemical formula of the species and its charge, is sufficient for this purpose. Approach I to GEB, known also as the “short” version of GEB, is applicable if oxidation degrees for all elements of the system are known beforehand. The roles of oxidants and reductants are not ascribed to particular components forming a system and to the species thus formed. This is the complete opposite of earlier approaches to redox titrations, based on the stoichiometric redox reaction, formulated for this purpose. GEB, perceived as a law of matter conservation, is fully compatible with other (charge and concentration) balances related to the system in question. The applicability of GATES/GEB in optimization a priori of chemical analyses made with use of redox titration is indicated. The article is illustrated with many examples of static and dynamic redox systems. The related plots are obtained from calculations made according to iterative computer programs. This way, GATES/GEB enables seeing details invisible in real experiments.
Generating Topological Structure of Floorplans from Room Attributes
Creators: name: Yu, Yin
name: Will, Hutchcroft
name: Naji, Khosravan
name: Ivaylo, Boyadzhiev
name: Yun, Fu
name: Bing, Kang Sing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analysis of indoor spaces requires topological information. In this paper, we propose to extract topological information from room attributes using what we call Iterative and adaptive graph Topology Learning (ITL). ITL progressively predicts multiple relations between rooms; at each iteration, it improves node embeddings, which in turn facilitates generation of a better topological graph structure. This notion of iterative improvement of node embeddings and topological graph structure is in the same spirit as \cite{chen2020iterative}. However, while \cite{chen2020iterative} computes the adjacency matrix based on node similarity, we learn the graph metric using a relational decoder to extract room correlations. Experiments using a new challenging indoor dataset validate our proposed method. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation for layout topology prediction and floorplan generation applications also demonstrate the effectiveness of ITL.
Optimization of the In-Situ Thermal Desorption Process to Remediate Contaminated Soils Using Numerical Reservoir Simulation
Creators: name: Revana, Karthik Gajendra
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Reservoir simulation
Thermal desorption

description: Sites contaminated with Non Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs) are a hazard to the environment and the people living in the surrounding areas. Several technologies have been developed to remediate these contaminated sites. They may be classified into two broad categories ex-situ technologies and in-situ technologies. In Situ Thermal Desorption(ISTD) has emerged as a robust and effective in-situ technology for remediation of contaminated soils. It involves the heating the soil to temperatures high enough to vaporize VOCs (Volatile organic compounds) and SVOCs (Semi-volatile organic compounds) that are recovered using vacuum wells and further treated in surface facilities. The objective of this research is to simulate the ISTD process using CMG STARS (Steam, Thermal and Advanced Processes Reservoir Simulator) for various contaminants (TCE, PCE and Aroclor 1242). The effect of thermal chemical reactions, heterogeneity, well spacing and other complexities on the ISTD process were simulated and studied. Finally, multiple well patterns NAPL recovery scheme was simulated to represent a field level application of the ISTD process and the various operating parameters corresponding to different contaminants and soil conditions were studied and guidelines are provided to make the recovery process more efficient.
A short review on clustering dark energy
Creators: name: Batista, Ronaldo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review dark energy models which can present non-negligible fluctuations on scales smaller than Hubble radius. Both linear and nonlinear evolutions of dark energy fluctuations are discussed. The linear evolution has a well-established framework, based on linear perturbation theory in General Relativity, and is well studied and implemented in numerical codes. We highlight the main results from linear theory to explain how dark energy perturbations become important on the scales of interest for structure formation. Next, we review some attempts to understand the impact of clustering dark energy models in the nonlinear regime, usually based on generalizations of the Spherical Collapse Model. We critically discuss the proposed generalizations of the Spherical Collapse Model that can treat clustering dark energy models and their shortcomings. Proposed implementations of clustering dark energy models in halo mass functions are reviewed. We also discuss some recent numerical simulations capable of treating dark energy fluctuations. Finally, we make an overview of the observational predictions based on these models.
description: Accepted version of a review published in Universe journal, 34 pages, 7 figures