cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mass loss law for red giant stars in simple population globular clusters
Creators: name: Tailo, M.
name: Milone, A. P.
name: Lagioia, E. P.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Jang, S.
name: Vesperini, E.
name: Marino, A. F.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Caloi, V.
name: Carlos, M.
name: Cordoni, G.
name: Dondoglio, E.
name: Mohandasan, A.
name: Nastasio, J. E.
name: Legnardi, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amount of mass lost by stars during the red-giant branch (RGB) phase is one of the main parameters to understand and correctly model the late stages of stellar evolution. Nevertheless, a fully-comprehensive knowledge of the RGB mass loss is still missing. Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) are ideal targets to derive empirical formulations of mass loss, but the presence of multiple populations with different chemical compositions has been a major challenge to constrain stellar masses and RGB mass losses. Recent work has disentangled the distinct stellar populations along the RGB and the horizontal branch (HB) of 46 GCs, thus providing the possibility to estimate the RGB mass loss of each stellar population. The mass losses inferred for the stellar populations with pristine chemical composition (called first-generation or 1G stars) tightly correlate with cluster metallicity. This finding allows us to derive an empirical RGB mass-loss law for 1G stars. In this paper we investigate seven GCs with no evidence of multiple populations and derive the RGB mass loss by means of high-precision {\it Hubble-Space Telescope} photometry and accurate synthetic photometry. We find a cluster-to-cluster variation in the mass loss ranging from $\sim$0.1 to $\sim$0.3 $M_{\odot}$. The RGB mass loss of simple-population GCs correlates with the metallicity of the host cluster. The discovery that simple-population GCs and 1G stars of multiple population GCs follow similar mass-loss vs. metallicity relations suggests that the resulting mass-loss law is a standard outcome of stellar evolution.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication on MNRAS
QFuzz: Quantitative Fuzzing for Side Channels
Creators: name: Noller, Yannic
name: Tizpaz-Niari, Saeid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Side channels pose a significant threat to the confidentiality of software systems. Such vulnerabilities are challenging to detect and evaluate because they arise from non-functional properties of software such as execution times and require reasoning on multiple execution traces. Recently, noninterference notions have been adapted in static analysis, symbolic execution, and greybox fuzzing techniques. However, noninterference is a strict notion and may reject security even if the strength of information leaks are weak. A quantitative notion of security allows for the relaxation of noninterference and tolerates small (unavoidable) leaks. Despite progress in recent years, the existing quantitative approaches have scalability limitations in practice. In this work, we present QFuzz, a greybox fuzzing technique to quantitatively evaluate the strength of side channels with a focus on min entropy. Min entropy is a measure based on the number of distinguishable observations (partitions) to assess the resulting threat from an attacker who tries to compromise secrets in one try. We develop a novel greybox fuzzing equipped with two partitioning algorithms that try to maximize the number of distinguishable observations and the cost differences between them. We evaluate QFuzz on a large set of benchmarks from existing work and real-world libraries (with a total of 70 subjects). QFuzz compares favorably to three state-of-the-art detection techniques. QFuzz provides quantitative information about leaks beyond the capabilities of all three techniques. Crucially, we compare QFuzz to a state-of-the-art quantification tool and find that QFuzz significantly outperforms the tool in scalability while maintaining similar precision. Overall, we find that our approach scales well for real-world applications and provides useful information to evaluate resulting threats. Additionally, QFuzz identifies a zero-d...
Exchange Rates and U.S. Agricultural Trade
Creators: name: Shane, Mathew D.
name: Shane, Mathew D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Exchange rates are now the single most important variable in determining the economic environment for agricultural trade. Currency values have important effects on the competitive position of the United States relative to other major agricultural exporters. Cycles of exchange rate swings since 1969 have coincided with changes in U.S. agricultural exports. Economic analysis indicates that the exchange rate accounted for more than 25 percent of the rebound in U.S. agricultural exports since 1985. While exchange rates are key to competitiveness of all agricultural exports, specific commodity markets show different levels of exchange rate variation. Wheat markets had the least movement, so currency values affected competitiveness of wheat exports the least, while soybean exchange rates changed markedly.
Full Monocoque Carbon-Fiber Shell-Car Analysis
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Bahaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90101 Aerodynamics (excl. Hypersonic Aerodynamics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91001 CAD/CAM Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Computer Engineering

description: Full Monocoque Carbon-Fiber Shell-Car Analysis
Resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions between cold Rydberg atoms in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Afrousheh, K.
name: Bohlouli-Zanjani, P.
name: Carter, J. D.
name: Mugford, A.
name: Martin, J. D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser cooled Rb atoms were optically excited to 46d Rydberg states. A microwave pulse transferred a fraction of the atoms to the 47p Rydberg state. The resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions between atoms in these two states were probed using the linewidth of the two-photon microwave transition 46d-47d. The presence of a weak magnetic field (approximately 0.5 G) reduced the observed line broadening, indicating that the interaction is suppressed by the field. The field removes some of the energy degeneracies responsible for the resonant interaction, and this is the basis for a quantitative model of the resulting suppression. A technique for the calibration of magnetic field strengths using the 34s-34p one-photon transition is also presented.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Friedel Oscillations of Vortex Bound States Under Extreme Quantum Limit in KCa2Fe4As4F2
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaoyu
name: Duan, Wen
name: Fan, Xinwei
name: Hong, Wenshan
name: Chen, Kailun
name: Yang, Huan
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of discrete vortex bound states with the energy levels deviating from the widely believed ratio of 1:3:5 in the vortices of an iron based superconductor KCa2Fe4As4F2 through scanning tunneling microcopy (STM). Meanwhile Friedel oscillations of vortex bound states are also observed for the first time in related vortices. By doing self-consistent calculations of Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, we find that at extreme quantum limit, the superconducting order parameter exhibits a Friedel-like oscillation, which modifies the energy levels of the vortex bound states and explains why it deviates from the ratio of 1:3:5. The observed Friedel oscillations of the bound states can also be roughly interpreted by the theoretical calculations, however some features at high energies could not be explained. We attribute this discrepancy to the high energy bound states with the influence of nearby impurities. Our combined STM measurement and the self-consistent calculations illustrate a generalized feature of the vortex bound states in type-II superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Origins and the Early Evolution of Quasars and Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Volonteri, M.
name: Springel, V.
name: Bromm, V.
name: Meylan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between galaxies and supermassive black holes (SMBH) found in their cores plays a key role in the formation and evolution of both of these major constituents of the universe, as well as the evolution of the intergalactic medium. Neither can be fully understood on their own, and studies of galaxy and SMBH co-formation and co-evolution are now among the central topics of research in cosmology. Yet the very origins, and the early growth phases of the SMBH are still not firmly established. We review our current understanding of the relevant processes and their astrophysical and cosmological context, with an emphasis on the observability of the SMBH growth mechanisms at high redshifts, and their leftover progeny at low redshifts.
description: An invited review, 28 pages, to appear in Proc. XI Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, eds. H. Kleinert, R.T. Jantzen & R. Ruffini, Singapore: World Scientific, 2008. Version with full resolution figures is available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/mg11/
Fractal defect states in the Hofstadter butterfly
Creators: name: Matsuki, Yoshiyuki
name: Ikeda, Kazuki
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic properties in the Bloch electron on a square lattice with vacancies in the uniform magnetic field. We show that a single vacancy site introduced to the system creates a defect energy level in every single innumerable fractal energy gap in the Hofstadter butterfly. The wavefunctions of different defect levels have all different localization lengths depending on their fractal generations, and they can be described by a single universal function after an appropriate fractal scaling. We also show that each defect state has its own characteristic orbital magnetic moment, which is exactly correlated to the gradient of the energy level in the Hofstadter diagram. Probing the spatial nature of the defect-localized states provides a powerful way to elucidate the fractal nature of the Hofstadter butterfly.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
SARS-CoV-2 variant timemaps
Creators: name: Warren, Rene
name: Birol, Inanc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
SARS variants
GISAID
Interactive SVG
genome timemaps

description: The attached compressed file package supplements our research article. It comprises SARS-CoV-2 variant timemaps SVG files for 2020 and 2021, updated with data submitted to GISAID as of February 10th 2021 (inclusive). It is a snapshot of the webpage hosting these maps (https://bcgsc.github.io/SARS2) on that day and includes the script and single nucleotide variation (SNV) report files used to generate these and could be used by anyone to generate additional and custom interactive SVG maps. The frequently updated and comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 genome SNV reports (https://www.bcgsc.ca/downloads/btl/SARS-CoV-2/mutations) represent a wealth of variant information that could be mined to gain further insights into the rapid SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus evolution in human hosts.
description: This version contains: updated variant data and maps (feb. 10, 2021) and updated PERL script to generate the maps (general bug fixes, fix for GISAID records with misspelled region names, additional features to improve map interactivity with custom variant input and refactored code).
The U.S. Farming Sector Entering the 1990's: Twelfth Annual Report on the Status of Family Farms
Creators: name: Carlin, Thomas A.
name: Mazie, Sara M.
name: [Editors]
name: Carlin, Thomas A.
name: Mazie, Sara M.
name: [Editors]
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Family farms
subject: structure
subject: commodity programs
subject: conservation policy
subject: taxes
subject: credit
subject: technology
subject: trade

description: Farm numbers continued to decline throughout the 1980's as they have since 1935. The U.S. farm sector will enter the 1990's in a much improved financial position after the financial difficulties of the early and mid-1980's. Small farms dominate in farm numbers, but a relatively few large commercial farms produce most US. food and fiber. Almost all US. farms are family-owned businesses. Today's farmers who hope to continue into the 21st century must master the technical aspects of farm production and marketing and also understand the implications for their farm businesses of changes in Federal monetary and fiscal policy, international exchange rates, environmental policy, tax policy, and emerging technologies.
Practical description of configurations for distributed systems management
Creators: name: Thornton, Jim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The administration of distributed systems is an important practical problem. One of the significant parts of the problem is the management of software configurations. The size and complexity of distributed systems have made automation of software management tasks essential. The time has come to determine how to design systems with intrinsic features that enable general management. Experience with general approaches to software management is needed. This thesis presents a model that revolves around structured, declarative specifications of correct con figurations. It is possible to use declarative specifications to automatically check the cor rectness of a system and also to automatically fix various problems. The model relies on an abstract view of systems as collections of objects with particular attribute values. A new language is introduced for expressing configuration descriptions abstractly. Sim ple processing algorithms are given for automatically comparing a system with a descrip tion, and automatically eliminating discrepancies. A prototype implementation is described, and various related issues are explored. The proposed model and language are suitable for practical use, as is demonstrated by an experiment involving a production system. While further work is needed in a variety of areas, the feasibility of using declarative specifications according to a general, abstract model has been established. This approach is not of merely theoretical interest. It can be applied to common systems in routine use today.
Fairy tales: socialization through archetypal patterns & symbols
Creators: name: Kellar, Danielle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: This capstone explores fairy tales and their role in socialization. Fairy tales have remained a cultural mainstay for thousands of years, and their impact on generation after generation is difficult to deny. Fairy tales began through oral narration and eventually, with the help of technological advances, became a fixture in society when the printing press allowed the stories to be bound into printed collections. Even in modern times, the same fairy tales from long ago are being revamped and retold through new media platforms (such as film and television) and for the most part, the stories have remained the same. Fairy tales are everlasting, with their stories and symbols continuously captivating audiences with their enchanting lore. Although people claim that fairy tales have been updated and made empowering, and in particular for young girls, this capstone will illuminate the fact that this is untrue, and the new tales are actually more destructive to women and girl’s autonomy. This research evaluates how symbols and archetypal patterns are the main culprits for embedding patriarchal codes and gender behaviors into the minds of their audience. By comparing older, classic fairy tale stories to their new Disney-created counterparts, it is easy to recognize how the symbols and character patterns within them have not changed after all these years –even if they appear to at first glance. By taking a deeper look at fairy tales—both old and new—the social programming rooted within in them becomes obvious.
Impact of astrophysical binary coalescence timescales on the rate of lensed gravitational wave events
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Suvodip
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Silk, Joseph
name: Smoot, George F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expected event rate of lensed gravitational wave sources scales with the merger rate at redshift $z\geq 1$, where the optical depth for lensing is high. It is commonly assumed that the merger rate of the astrophysical compact objects is closely connected with the star formation rate, which peaks around redshift $z\sim 2$. However, a major source of uncertainty is the delay time between the formation and merger of compact objects. We explore the impact of delay time on the lensing event rate. We show that as the delay time increases, the peak of the merger rate of gravitational wave sources gets deferred to a lower redshift. This leads to a reduction in the event rate of the lensed events which are detectable by the gravitational wave detectors. We show that for a delay time of around $10$ Gyr or larger, the lensed event rate can be less than one per year for the design sensitivity of LIGO/Virgo. We also estimate the merger rate for lensed sub-threshold for different delay time scenarios, finding that for larger delay times the number of lensed sub-threshold events is reduced, whereas for small-delay time models they are significantly more frequent. This analysis shows for the first time that lensing is a complementary probe to explore different formation channels of binary systems by exploiting the lensing event rate from the well-detected events and sub-threshold events which are measurable using the network of gravitational wave detectors.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Real-time imaging of atomic potentials in 2D materials with 30 keV electrons
Creators: name: de Graaf, Sytze
name: Ahmadi, Majid
name: Lazić, Ivan
name: Bosch, Eric G. T.
name: Kooi, Bart J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the most widespread adopted tool for atomic scale characterization of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Many 2D materials remain susceptible to electron beam damage, despite the standardized practice to reduce the beam energy from 200 keV to 80 or 60 keV. Although, all elements present can be detected by atomic electrostatic potential imaging using integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) STEM or electron ptychography, capturing dynamics with atomic resolution and enhanced sensitivity has remained a challenge. Here, by using iDPC-STEM, we capture defect dynamics in 2D WS$_2$ by atomic electrostatic potential imaging with a beam energy of only 30 keV. The direct imaging of atomic electrostatic potentials with high framerate reveals the presence and motion of single atoms near defects and edges in WS$_2$ that are otherwise invisible with conventional annular dark-field STEM or cannot be captured sufficiently fast by electron ptychography.
Spin asymmetries and correlations in lambda-pair production through the radiative return method
Creators: name: Czyz, Henryk
name: Grzelinska, Agnieszka
name: Kuhn, Johann H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive baryon pair production through the radiative return is a unique tool to determine the electric and the magnetic form factors in the timelike region over a wide range of energies. The decay of lambda-baryons into p + pi- can be used to measure their spin and to analyze spin-spin correlations in the antilambda-lambda system. We evaluate the spin dependent hadronic tensor, which describes this reaction, calculate the corresponding cross section for e+e- -> antilambda lambda and e+e- -> antilambda lambda gamma with subsequent decays of lambda and antilambda and present a compact formula for the correlated distribution. We demonstrate that the relative phase between the electric and the magnetic form factor can be determined in this analysis by considering single spin asymmetries and correlated decay distributions. The reaction is implemented in the event generator PHOKHARA. It is demonstrated that the relative phase can be measured with the event sample presently accumulated at B-factories.
Livestock Guarding Dogs: Protecting Sheep from Predators
Creators: name: Green, Jeffrey S.
name: Woodruff, Roger A.
name: Green, Jeffrey S.
name: Woodruff, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: In the late 1970’s, there began a resurgence in the use of an ancient form of sheep protection, the guarding dog. Several factors contributed to this phenomenon, including Federal restrictions on the use of substances to kill predators, the relative inability of existing techniques to provide adequate relief from predation in certain situations, and a desire by some to use nonlethal methods of reducing the loss of livestock to predators. There are few hard-and-fast rules with respect to dogs and sheep. Many variables interact to produce successful guarding dogs. This bulletin presents information based on experiences of the authors, various researchers, and a growing number of ranchers who have successfully used dogs as part of their program of predator management.
title: Digital Equality - An inquiry into UK digital accessibility regulations
Creators: name: Ender, Paul-Georg
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The impact of COVID-19 has highlighted the rising significance which the digital space has within social, economic and political spheres. This shift from a physical to a digital society bears great advantages in terms of remote working and greater online connectiveness. Nonetheless, in this time of change old, vested barriers in the physical world must not be replicated in the digital world for disabled people in the UK. In this thesis, I aim to take the UK's Public Sector Bodies (Websites and Mobile Applications) (No. 2) Accessibility Regulations 2018 as an example to showcase the impact of Martha Minow's social-relations approach (1990) in the digital space. In particular, regarding the recognition of difference as well as avoiding the sameness dichotomy. I will utilise Minow's line of thought in two ways, firstly, to show the difficulties misconceptions of equality and disability have caused to date in UK digital accessibility law, and secondly, how Minow's social-relations approach can be used to expand equal access in the web. This could be done by perceiving equality and disability no longer purely through a medicalised formalistic lens, but through a social and substantive as well as transformative and human rights lens. I conclude by suggesting, that this work is not intended to solve any major debates within the spheres of digital access, equality and disability, as these are incredibly wide ranging and complex. Nonetheless, I hope to show the importance of further research in this area and provide readers with a first glance into digital accessibility from a disability and equality perspective whilst also drawing on my own first-hand lived experiences as a disabled researcher.
From Universal Language Model to Downstream Task: Improving RoBERTa-Based Vietnamese Hate Speech Detection
Creators: name: Pham, Quang Huu
name: Nguyen, Viet Anh
name: Doan, Linh Bao
name: Tran, Ngoc N.
name: Thanh, Ta Minh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural language processing is a fast-growing field of artificial intelligence. Since the Transformer was introduced by Google in 2017, a large number of language models such as BERT, GPT, and ELMo have been inspired by this architecture. These models were trained on huge datasets and achieved state-of-the-art results on natural language understanding. However, fine-tuning a pre-trained language model on much smaller datasets for downstream tasks requires a carefully-designed pipeline to mitigate problems of the datasets such as lack of training data and imbalanced data. In this paper, we propose a pipeline to adapt the general-purpose RoBERTa language model to a specific text classification task: Vietnamese Hate Speech Detection. We first tune the PhoBERT on our dataset by re-training the model on the Masked Language Model task; then, we employ its encoder for text classification. In order to preserve pre-trained weights while learning new feature representations, we further utilize different training techniques: layer freezing, block-wise learning rate, and label smoothing. Our experiments proved that our proposed pipeline boosts the performance significantly, achieving a new state-of-the-art on Vietnamese Hate Speech Detection campaign with 0.7221 F1 score.
description: Published in 2020 12th International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE)
From Kepler to TESS: 10 Years of Flare Activity from Space
Creators: name: Davenport, James
name: Tovar Mendoza, Guadalupe
name: Hawley, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cool Stars on the main sequence

description: We have carried out the first flare and starspot analysis of GJ 1243 from over 50 days of data from TESS Sectors 14 and 15. Using 133 flare events detected in the 2 minute cadence TESS data, we compare the cumulative flare frequency distributions, and find the flare activity for GJ 1243 is unchanged between the Kepler and TESS epochs. Two distinct starspot groups are found in the TESS data, with the primary spot having the same rotational period and phase as in Kepler. As expected for this highly active M4, the constant spot and flare activity reveal no sign of solar-like activity cycles over 10 yr. However, we highlight the unique ability for Kepler and TESS to use flare rates to detect activity cycles for many years to come. New 20-second cadence data from TESS will also allow us to test the widely used empirical flare profile created for GJ 1243 using Kepler 1-minute data.
STIX X-ray microflare observations during the Solar Orbiter commissioning phase
Creators: name: Battaglia, Andrea Francesco
name: Saqri, Jonas
name: Massa, Paolo
name: Perracchione, Emma
name: Dickson, Ewan C. M.
name: Xiao, Hualin
name: Veronig, Astrid M.
name: Warmuth, Alexander
name: Battaglia, Marina
name: Hurford, Gordon J.
name: Meuris, Aline
name: Limousin, Olivier
name: Etesi, László
name: Maloney, Shane A.
name: Schwartz, Richard A.
name: Kuhar, Matej
name: Schuller, Frederic
name: Pavai, Valliappan Senthamizh
name: Musset, Sophie
name: Ryan, Daniel F.
name: Kleint, Lucia
name: Piana, Michele
name: Massone, Anna Maria
name: Benvenuto, Federico
name: Sylwester, Janusz
name: Litwicka, Michalina
name: Stęślicki, Marek
name: Mrozek, Tomasz
name: Vilmer, Nicole
name: Fárník, František
name: Kašparová, Jana
name: Mann, Gottfried
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
name: Dennis, Brian R.
name: Csillaghy, André
name: Benz, Arnold O.
name: Krucker, Säm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) is the HXR instrument onboard Solar Orbiter designed to observe solar flares over a broad range of flare sizes, between 4-150 keV. We report the first STIX observations of microflares recorded during the instrument commissioning phase in order to investigate the STIX performance at its detection limit. This first result paper focuses on the temporal and spectral evolution of STIX microflares occuring in the AR12765 in June 2020, and compares the STIX measurements with GOES/XRS, SDO/AIA, and Hinode/XRT. For the observed microflares of the GOES A and B class, the STIX peak time at lowest energies is located in the impulsive phase of the flares, well before the GOES peak time. Such a behavior can either be explained by the higher sensitivity of STIX to higher temperatures compared to GOES, or due to the existence of a nonthermal component reaching down to low energies. The interpretation is inconclusive due to limited counting statistics for all but the largest flare in our sample. For this largest flare, the low-energy peak time is clearly due to thermal emission, and the nonthermal component seen at higher energies occurs even earlier. This suggests that the classic thermal explanation might also be favored for the majority of the smaller flares. In combination with EUV and SXR observations, STIX corroborates earlier findings that an isothermal assumption is of limited validity. Future diagnostic efforts should focus on multi-wavelength studies to derive differential emission measure distributions over a wide range of temperatures to accurately describe the energetics of solar flares. Commissioning observations confirm that STIX is working as designed. As a rule of thumb, STIX detects flares as small as the GOES A class. For flares above the GOES B class, detailed spectral and imaging analyses can be performed.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Looking through the photoionisation wake: Vela X-1 at $φ_\mathrm{orb} \approx 0.75$ with Chandra/HETG
Creators: name: Amato, R.
name: Grinberg, V.
name: Hell, N.
name: Bianchi, S.
name: Pinto, C.
name: D'Aí, D.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Mineo, T.
name: Santangelo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Supergiant X-ray binary Vela X-1 represents one of the best astrophysical sources to investigate the wind environment of a O/B star irradiated by an accreting neutron star. Previous studies and hydrodynamic simulations of the system revealed a clumpy environment and the presence of two wakes: an accretion wake surrounding the compact object and a photoionisation wake trailing it along the orbit. Our goal is to conduct, for the first time, high-resolution spectroscopy on Chandra/HETG data at the orbital phase $φ_\mathrm{orb} \approx 0.75$, when the line of sight is crossing the photoionisation wake. We aim to conduct plasma diagnostics, inferring the structure and the geometry of the wind. We perform a blind search employing a Bayesian Block algorithm to find discrete spectral features and identify them thanks to the most recent laboratory results or through atomic databases. Plasma properties are inferred both with empirical techniques and with photoionisation models within CLOUDY and SPEX. We detect and identify five narrow radiative recombination continua (Mg XI-XII, Ne IX-X, O VIII) and several emission lines from Fe, S, Si, Mg, Ne, Al, and Na, including four He-like triplets (S XV, Si XIII, Mg XI, and Ne IX). Photoionisation models well reproduce the overall spectrum, except for the near-neutral fluorescence lines of Fe, S, and Si. We conclude that the plasma is mainly photoionised, but more than one component is most likely present, consistent with a multi-phase plasma scenario, where denser and colder clumps of matter are embedded in the hot, photoionised wind of the companion star. Simulations with the future X-ray satellites Athena and XRISM show that a few hundred seconds of exposure will be sufficient to disentangle the lines of the Fe K$α$ doublet and the He-like Fe XXV, improving, in general, the determination of the plasma parameters.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication on A&A
Toric anti-self-dual Einstein metrics via complex geometry
Creators: name: Fine, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the twistor correspondence, we give a classification of toric anti-self-dual Einstein metrics: each such metric is essentially determined by an odd holomorphic function. This explains how the Einstein metrics fit into the classification of general toric anti-self-dual metrics given in an earlier paper (math.DG/0602423). The results complement the work of Calderbank-Pedersen (math.DG/0105263), who describe where the Einstein metrics appear amongst the Joyce spaces, leading to a different classification. Taking the twistor transform of our result gives a new proof of their theorem.
description: v2. Published version. Additional references. 14 pages
Το ευρωπαϊκό ένταλμα σύλληψης και η ενίσχυση των δικονομικών δικαιωμάτων
Creators: name: Ζηκοπούλου, Ελένη Αργυρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Δικονομικά δικαιώματα
Δίκαιη δίκη
Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση
Procedural rights
Fair trial
European Union Countries

description: Το Ευρωπαϊκό Ένταλμα Σύλληψης έχει αποδειχθεί ένα ιδιαίτερο χρήσιμο μέσο στην αναζήτηση της δικαιοσύνης πέρα από τα εθνικά σύνορα. Δεδομένου ότι διανύουμε μια εποχή στην οποία απαιτείται η ενίσχυση των δικονομικών δικαιωμάτων και η ενδυνάμωση της διασφάλισης της υπερασπιστικής θέσης των υπόπτων και κατηγορουμένων σε ποινικές διαδικασίες , καθίσταται πλέον σαφές ότι προς όφελος της νομικής ασφάλειας όλων των εμπλεκομένων, οι ύποπτοι και οι κατηγορούμενοι για τη διάπραξη των αδικημάτων πρέπει να έχουν τα ίδια δικαιώματα σε ολόκληρη την Ευρώπη. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει τη σημασία της διασφάλισης των δικονομικών δικαιωμάτων των υπόπτων και κατηγορουμένων στο πλαίσιο ποινικών διαδικασιών σε σχέση με το Ευρωπαϊκό Ένταλμα Σύλληψης
description: The European Arrest Warrant has proved to be a very useful instrument in seeking justice beyond national borders. Given that in these times were it is required the strengthening of the procedural rights and the empowerment of ensuring the defense of suspected and accused persons in criminal proceedings, it makes it clear that in the interests of legal certainty for everyone involved, we need to have the same rights across Europe for those accused of offences. The purpose of this study is to present the importance of ensuring the procedural rights of suspects and accused persons in criminal Proceedings about the European Arrest Warrant
Stellar activity parameter as a proxy for stellar Extreme Ultraviolet Fluxes
Creators: name: A. G. Sreejith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Atmospheric escape is an important factor shaping the exoplanet population and hence drives our understanding of planet formation. Atmospheric escape from giant planets is driven primarily by the stellar X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. EUV and longer wavelength UV radiation also power disequilibrium chemistry in the middle and upper atmosphere of exoplanets. Hence our knowledge of stellar UV fluxes play a vital role in the understanding of atmospheric escape and chemistry. While the far-ultraviolet fluxes can be observed for some stars, most of the EUV range is unobservable due to the lack of a space telescope with EUV capabilities and, for the more distant stars, to interstellar medium absorption. Thus, it becomes essential to have indirect means for inferring EUV fluxes from features observable at other wavelengths. We present here analytic functions for predicting the EUV emission of F-, G-, K-, and M-type stars from the log⁡ R'HK activity parameter that is commonly obtained from ground-based optical observations of the CaII H&K lines. The scaling relations are based on a collection of about 100 nearby stars with published log⁡ R'HK and EUV flux values, where the latter are either direct measurements or inferences from high-quality far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra. The scaling relations presented here return EUV flux values with an accuracy of about three, which is slightly lower than that of other similar methods based on FUV or X-ray measurements.spheric escape is an important factor shaping the exoplanet population and hence drives our understanding of planet formation. Atmospheric escape from giant planets is driven primarily by the stellar X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. EUV and longer wavelength UV radiation also power disequilibrium chemistry in the middle and upper atmosphere of exoplanets. Hence our knowledge of stellar UV fluxes play a vital role in the understanding of atmospheric escape and chemistry. While the far-ultraviolet fluxes can be observed for some stars, most of the EUV range is unobservable due to the lack of a space telescope with EUV capabilities and, for the more distant stars, to interstellar medium absorption. Thus, it becomes essential to have indirect means for inferring EUV fluxes from features observable at other wavelengths. We present here analytic functions for predicting the EUV emission of F-, G-, K-, and M-type stars from the log⁡ R'HK activity parameter that is commonly obtained from ground-based optical observations of the CaII H&K lines. The scaling relations are based on a collection of about 100 nearby stars with published log⁡ R'HK and EUV flux values, where the latter are either direct measurements or inferences from high-quality far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra. The scaling relations presented here return EUV flux values with an accuracy of about three, which is slightly lower than that of other similar methods based on FUV or X-ray measurements.
Approximation on arcs and dendrites going to infinity in $C^n$ (extended version)
Creators: name: Gauthier, P. M.
name: Zeron, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32E30 or 32E25

description: The Stone-Weierstrass approximation theorem is extended to certain unbounded sets in $C^n$. In particular, on a locally rectifiable arc going to infinity, each continuous function can be approximated by entire functions.
description: 12 pages
Ανάπτυξη διαδικτυακής εφαρμογής για την αξιολόγηση δεξιοτήτων Τεχνολόγων λογισμικού
Creators: name: Χαλκιάς, Σωκράτης Εμμανουήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Αξιολόγηση
Δεξιότητες
Τεχνολόγοι λογισμικού
Assessment
Competencies
Software Engineers

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη των διαφόρων μοντέλων προφίλ δεξιοτήτων σχετικά με την ειδικότητα του τεχνολόγου λογισμικού και η ανάπτυξη μιας διαδικτυακής εφαρμογής που αξιολογεί και κατατάσσει τους εργαζόμενους στις διάφορες θέσεις εργασίας που καθορίζονται μέσα σε μια εταιρία ή οργανισμό. Αρχικά, εξετάστηκαν και καθορίστηκαν οι έννοιες της δεξιότητας και του προφίλ δεξιοτήτων ενώ αναφέρθηκε και η έννοια της χαρτογράφησης του προφίλ και της μοντελοποίησής του. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάστηκαν πέντε από τα πιο σημαντικά μοντέλα προφίλ δεξιοτήτων για τη συγκεκριμένη ειδικότητα που αναπτύχθηκαν μέχρι σήμερα και έγινε μια προσπάθεια σύγκρισης μεταξύ τους και καταγραφής των διαφορών και ομοιοτήτων τους. Έπειτα, παρουσιάζεται αναλυτικά το συγκεκριμένο μοντέλο προφίλ δεξιοτήτων που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ανάπτυξη της εφαρμογής. Κατόπιν, γίνεται πλήρης παρουσίαση της εφαρμογής, της γραφικής διεπαφής χρήστη της καθώς και των λειτουργιών της. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα από τις δοκιμές που έγιναν στην εφαρμογή μέσα από μια σειρά τυχαίων δεδομένων υποψηφίων εργαζόμενων καθώς και τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από αυτά
description: The aim of the present thesis was to study the different competency profiling models of the speciality of Software Engineers and the development of a web application that assesses and classifies employees in various job positions adopted within a company or an organization. Initially, the concepts of competency and competency profile were examined and defined. Also, the concept of profile mapping and modeling was referred. Subsequently, five of the most important competency profiling models for Software Engineers developed so far, were presented thoroughly. A comparison was made between them and also an attempt to record some of the differences and similarities. Then, the competency profiling model that was used to develop the application, is being presented. A full presentation of the application, its graphic user interface as well as its operations takes place. Finally, we present the results from the tests made in the application through a series of random employees’ competency scores and the conclusions drawn from them
On the correlation between fragility and stretching in glassforming liquids
Creators: name: Niss, Kristine
name: Dalle-Ferrier, Cecile
name: Tarjus, Gilles
name: Alba-Simionesco, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pressure and temperature dependences of the dielectric relaxation of two molecular glassforming liquids, dibutyl phtalate and m-toluidine. We focus on two characteristics of the slowing down of relaxation, the fragility associated with the temperature dependence and the stretching characterizing the relaxation function. We combine our data with data from the literature to revisit the proposed correlation between these two quantities. We do this in light of constraints that we suggest to put on the search for empirical correlations among properties of glassformers. In particular, argue that a meaningful correlation is to be looked for between stretching and isochoric fragility, as both seem to be constant under isochronic conditions and thereby reflect the intrinsic effect of temperature.
Activity of the Early M Dwarf Kepler-45 from Starspot and Facula Mapping
Creators: name: Zaleski, Shelley
name: Valio, Adriana
name: Carter, Brad
name: Marsden, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cool Stars on the main sequence

description: Temporal mapping of starspots & faculae details surface activity for the faint hot Jupiter hosting M1V dwarf Kepler-45. Results are consistent with solar-type spot activity, differential rotation, and rapid activity cycles observed for other red dwarfs. Adopting a solar-type differential rotation profile, mapping yields a rotation period of 15.520 ± 0.025 d at transit latitude -33˚. From the mean stellar rotation of 15.762 d, a rotational shear of 0.031 ± 0.004 rad/d, or a relative differential rotation of 7.8 ± 0.9 %, is estimated. The surface rotational shear is consistent with observations and theoretical modelling of other early M dwarfs. Starspot and facular temperatures contrast a few hundred degrees relative to the quiet photosphere, similar with other early M dwarfs. A short-term activity cycle of about 295 d is reminiscent of those seen for other cool dwarfs.
description: {"references": ["Zaleski, S. M. et al., Activity and Differential Rotation of the Early M Dwarf Kepler-45 from Transit Mapping, 2020, MNRAS, 492, 5141", "Silva, A. V. R., Method for Spot Detection in Solar-like Stars, 2003, ApJL,585, L147", "Donati, J. F. et al., Large-scale magnetic topologies of early M dwarfs, 2008, MNRAS, 390, 545"]}
Studia Historiae Scientiarum, vol. 22 (2023): Table of Contents with Links to All Articles
Creators: name: Kokowski, Michal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: journal
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
Diamond Open Access
2023

description: Table of Contents of Studia Historiae Scientiarum, vol. 22 (2023) with Links to all (free) Articles ==>  https://ojs.ejournals.eu/SHS/issue/view/758.

The Studia Historiae Scientiarum is a peer-reviewed, diamond (free of charges) open access journal indexed in Scopus, DOAJ, ERIH+, ….

The journal accepts submissions on a rolling basis. We welcome original manuscripts focusing on the different aspects of history of science – please see the journal’s Editorial Policies , https://ojs.ejournals.eu/SHS/ ,  https://twitter.com/Stud_Hist_Sci ,  https://www.facebook.com/StudiaHistoriaeScientiarum .
Efficient Low-Latency Dynamic Licensing for Deep Neural Network Deployment on Edge Devices
Creators: name: Van, Toan Pham
name: Tran, Ngoc N.
name: Minh, Hoang Pham
name: Minh, Tam Nguyen
name: Minh, Thanh Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Along with the rapid development in the field of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, deep neural network applications are becoming more and more popular in reality. To be able to withstand the heavy load from mainstream users, deployment techniques are essential in bringing neural network models from research to production. Among the two popular computing topologies for deploying neural network models in production are cloud-computing and edge-computing. Recent advances in communication technologies, along with the great increase in the number of mobile devices, has made edge-computing gradually become an inevitable trend. In this paper, we propose an architecture to solve deploying and processing deep neural networks on edge-devices by leveraging their synergy with the cloud and the access-control mechanisms of the database. Adopting this architecture allows low-latency DNN model updates on devices. At the same time, with only one model deployed, we can easily make different versions of it by setting access permissions on the model weights. This method allows for dynamic model licensing, which benefits commercial applications.
description: Published in 2020 The 3rd International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems
Theoretical phase diagram of ultrathin films of incipient ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Akbarzadeh, A. R.
name: Bellaiche, L.
name: Íñiguez, Jorge
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used a first-principles-based scheme to compute the temperature-versus-misfit strain ``Pertsev'' phase diagram of ultrathin films of {\sl incipient} ferroelectric KTaO$_3$. Our results suggest that, at variance with the bulk material, KTaO$_3$ ultrathin films cannot be described as quantum paraelectrics. Rather, the behavior of the films is largely determined by surface/interface effects that favor ferroelectricity and the imperfect screening of the depolarizing fields. This leads to Pertsev phase diagrams that are qualitatively similar to those of {\sl normal} ferroelectrics such as BaTiO$_3$.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures