cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transcellular biosynthesis contributes to the production of leukotrienes during inflammatory responses in vivo
Creators: name: Coggins, Kenneth
name: Koller, Beverly H.
name: Nguyen, MyTrang
name: Fabre, Jean-Etienne
name: Riche, Estelle
name: Goulet, Jennifer L.
name: Offenbacher, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Leukotrienes are lipid mediators that evoke primarily proinflammatory responses by activating receptors present on virtually all cells. The production of leukotrienes is tightly regulated, and expression of 5-lipoxygenase, the enzyme required for the first step in leukotriene synthesis, is generally restricted to leukocytes. Arachidonic acid released from the cell membrane of activated leukocytes is rapidly converted to LTA4 by 5-lipoxygenase. LTA4 is further metabolized to either LTC4 or LTB4 by the enzyme LTC4 synthase or LTA4 hydrolase, respectively. Unlike 5-lipoxygenase, these enzymes are expressed in most tissues. This observation previously has led to the suggestion that LTA4 produced by leukocytes may, in some cases, be delivered to other cell types before being converted into LTC4 or LTB4. While in vitro studies indicate that this process, termed transcellular biosynthesis, can lead to the production of leukotrienes, it has not been possible to determine the significance of this pathway in vivo. Using a series of bone marrow chimeras generated from 5-lipoxygenase– and LTA4 hydrolase–deficient mice, we show here that transcellular biosynthesis contributes to the production of leukotrienes in vivo and that leukotrienes produced by this pathway are sufficient to contribute significantly to the physiological changes that characterize an ongoing inflammatory response.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (48)]
Creators: name: Maninus De Oldoynis
name: De La Curia, Nicolaus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1421
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Maninus de Oldoynis, Sohn des verstorbenen Symoninus, aus der Nachbarschaft St. Thomae in Cremona und Nicolaus de la Curia, Sohn des verstorbenen Antonius, aus der Nachbarschaft St. Pantaleonis, beide procuratores des Klerikers Symoninus Oldoynis, seinerseits Verwalter der Kantorei an der Kathedrale von Cremona, und weitere genannte Körperschaften verpachten Stefaninus de Pedronibus, Sohn des verstorbenen Betinus, und Gasparinus de Pedronibus, Sohn des verstorbenen Michael, seinerseits Sohn des verstorbenen Bertolinus, diverse Ländereien.
Intestinal heat shock protein 110 regulates expression of CD1d on intestinal epithelial cells
Creators: name: Pitman, Richard S.
name: Nagaishi, Takashi
name: Subjeck, John R.
name: Colgan, Sean P.
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Shao, Ling
name: Blumberg, Richard S.
name: Mayer, Lloyd F.
name: Mizoguchi, Atsushi
name: Mizoguchi, Emiko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: CD1d is expressed on the surface of professional and nonprofessional APCs, including intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), for a role in the presentation of glycolipid-based antigens to subsets of T cells. The mechanisms that regulate CD1d expression in any cell type are unknown. To investigate the possibility that expression of CD1d is influenced by exogenous factors present within the intestinal lumen, CD1d expression was analyzed in several IEC lines after culturing in the presence of lumenal contents (LC) of the normal human intestine. Exposure of the colon-derived cell lines T84, HT-29, and Caco-2 to soluble LC resulted in a marked induction of CD1d expression as determined by RT-PCR, confocal microscopy, cell surface ELISA, and Western blot analysis. Similarly, exposure of human IECs to LC isolated from mice bred in both specific pathogen–free and germfree conditions also resulted in the induction of CD1d expression, with the maximum CD1d-inducing activity observed in the small intestine. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of the human CD1d-inducing activity identified heat shock protein 110 (Hsp110) as a major functional component of the LC that contributes to CD1d surface regulation, and immunolocalization studies revealed Hsp110 expression in subsets of human IECs in vivo. These data support the presence of a novel autocrine pathway of CD1d regulation by Hsp110.
Tidal perturbations and eclipse mapping in the pulsations in the hierarchical triple system U~Gru
Creators: name: Johnston, Cole
name: Tkachenko, Andrew
name: Van Reeth, Timothy
name: Bowman, Dominic M.
name: Pavlovski, Kresimir
name: Sana, Hugues
name: Sekaran, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Unambiguous examples of the influence of tides on self-excited, free stellar pulsations have recently been observationally detected in space-based photometric data. Aims. We aim to investigate U Gru and contextualise it within the growing class of tidally influenced pulsators. Initial analysis of U Gru revealed frequencies spaced by the orbital frequency that are difficult to explain by currently proposed tidal mechanisms. Methods. We re-investigate the TESS photometry of U Gru alongside new uves spectroscopy. We analyse the uves spectroscopy with least-squares deconvolution and spectral disentangling techniques, and perform an atmospheric analysis. We remove the binary signature from the light curve using an effective model in order to investigate the pulsation signal in the residuals. We track the amplitudes and phases of the residual pulsations as a function of the orbital period to reveal their tidal influence. Results. We establish that U Gru is likely a hierarchical triple system. We identify a single p mode oscillation to exhibit amplitude and phase variation over the binary orbit. We propose a toy model to demonstrate that the series of frequencies separated by the orbital frequency can be reproduced by eclipse mapping. We find no evidence of modulation to the other independent oscillation modes. Conclusions. We demonstrate that U Gru hosts at least one tidally perturbed pulsation. Additionally we argue that eclipse mapping of the dominant, tidally perturbed mode can produce the series of frequencies separated by the observed orbital frequency. Our simulations show that the effects of eclipse mapping are mode dependent, and are not expected to produce an observable signature for all pulsation modes in an eclipse binary.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 13 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, 1 appendix
TFAW survey II: 6 Newly Validated Planets and 13 Planet Candidates from K2
Creators: name: del Ser, D.
name: Fors, O.
name: del Alcázar, M.
name: Dyachenko, V.
name: Horch, E. P.
name: Tokovinin, A.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: van Belle, G. T.
name: Clark, C. A.
name: Hartman, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for Earth-sized planets in data from Kepler's extended mission (K2) is a niche that still remains to be fully exploited. The TFAW survey is an ongoing project that aims to re-analyze all light curves in K2 C1-C8 and C12-C18 campaigns with a wavelet-based detrending and denoising method, and the period search algorithm TLS to search for new transit candidates not detected in previous works. We have analyzed a first subset of 24 candidate planetary systems around relatively faint host stars (10.9 < $K_{p}$ < 15.4) to allow for follow-up speckle imaging observations. Using VESPA and TRICERATOPS, we statistically validate six candidates orbiting four unique host stars by obtaining false-positive probabilities smaller than 1% with both methods. We also present 13 vetted planet candidates that might benefit from other, more precise follow-up observations. All of these planets are sub-Neptune-sized, with two validated planets and three candidates with sub-Earth sizes, and have orbital periods between 0.81 and 23.98 days. Some interesting systems include two ultra-short-period planets, three multi-planetary systems, three sub-Neptunes that appear to be within the small planet Radius Gap, and two validated and one candidate sub-Earths (EPIC 210706310, EPIC 210768568, and EPIC 246078343) orbiting metal-poor stars.
description: Submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 25 pages, 14 figures
The Online Observation Quality System for the ASTRI Mini-Array
Creators: name: Parmiggiani, N.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Baroncelli, L.
name: Addis, A.
name: Fioretti, V.
name: Di Piano, A.
name: Capalbi, M.
name: Catalano, O.
name: Conforti, V.
name: Fiori, M.
name: Gianotti, F.
name: Iovenitti, S.
name: Lucarelli, F.
name: Maccarone, M. C.
name: Mineo, T.
name: Russo, F.
name: Sangiorgi, P.
name: Scuderi, S.
name: Tosti, G.
name: Trifoglio, M.
name: Zampieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international collaboration led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), aiming to construct and operate an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) to study gamma-ray sources at very high energy (TeV) and to perform stellar intensity interferometry observations. This contribution describes the design and the technologies used by the ASTRI team to implement the Online Observation Quality System (OOQS). The main objective of the OOQS is to perform data quality analyses in real-time during Cherenkov and intensity interferometry observations to provide feedback to both the Central Control System and the Operator. The OOQS performs the analysis of key data quality parameters and can generate alarms to other sub-systems for a fast reaction to solve critical conditions. The results from the data quality analyses are saved into the Quality Archive for further investigations. The Operator can visualise the OOQS results through the Operator Human Machine Interface as soon as they are produced. The main challenge addressed by the OOQS design is to perform online data quality checks on the data streams produced by nine telescopes, acquired by the Array Data Acquisition System and forwarded to the OOQS. In the current OOQS design, the Redis in-memory database manages the data throughput generated by the telescopes, and the Slurm workload scheduler executes in parallel the high number of data quality analyses.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Computational workflows for perovskites: case study for lanthanide manganites
Creators: name: Kraus, Peter
name: Raiteri, Paolo
name: Gale, Julian D.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie
subject: perovskite
subject: lanthanide manganite
subject: density functional theory
subject: phase transition
subject: linear response theory
subject: Perovskit
subject: Lanthanoide Manganit
subject: Dichtefunktionaltheorie
subject: Phasenübergang
subject: Linear_response Theorie

description: Robust computational workflows are important for explorative computational studies, especially for cases where detailed knowledge of the system structure or other properties is not available. In this work, we propose a computational protocol for appropriate method selection for the study of lattice constants of perovskites using density functional theory, based strictly on open source software. The protocol does not require a starting crystal structure. We validate this protocol using a set of crystal structures of lanthanide manganites, surprisingly finding N12+U to be the best performing method for this class of materials out of the 15 density functional approximations studied. We also highlight that +U values derived from linear response theory are robust and their use leads to improved results. We investigate whether the performance of methods for predicting the bond length of related gas phase diatomics correlates with their performance for bulk structures, showing that care is required when interpreting benchmark results. Finally, using defective LaMnO3 as a case study, we investigate whether the four shortlisted methods (HCTH120, OLYP, N12+U, PBE+U) can computationally reproduce the experimentally determined fraction of MnIV+ at which the orthorhombic to rhombohedral phase transition occurs. The results are mixed, with HCTH120 providing good quantitative agreement with experiment, but failing to capture the spatial distribution of defects linked to the electronic structure of the system.
Local electrical tuning of the nonlocal signals in a Cooper pair splitter
Creators: name: Fülöp, G.
name: d'Hollosy, S.
name: Baumgartner, A.
name: Makk, P.
name: Guzenko, V. A.
name: Madsen, M. H.
name: Nygård, J.
name: Schönenberger, C.
name: Csonka, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Cooper pair splitter consists of a central superconducting contact, S, from which electrons are injected into two parallel, spatially separated quantum dots (QDs). This geometry and electron interactions can lead to correlated electrical currents due to the spatial separation of spin-singlet Cooper pairs from S. We present experiments on such a device with a series of bottom gates, which allows for spatially resolved tuning of the tunnel couplings between the QDs and the electrical contacts and between the QDs. Our main findings are gate-induced transitions between positive conductance correlation in the QDs due to Cooper pair splitting and negative correlations due to QD dynamics. Using a semi-classical rate equation model we show that the experimental findings are consistent with in-situ electrical tuning of the local and nonlocal quantum transport processes. In particular, we illustrate how the competition between Cooper pair splitting and local processes can be optimized in such hybrid nanostructures.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Suppressed-scattering windows for radiative cooling applications
Creators: name: Pérez-Escudero, José M.
name: Torres-García, Alicia E.
name: Leazun, Carloz
name: Caggiano, Antonio
name: Peralta, Ignacio
name: Dolado, Jorge S.
name: Beruete, Miguel
name: Liberal, Iñigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering of light by resonant nanoparticles is a key process for enhancing the solar reflectance in daylight radiative cooling. Here, we investigate the impact of material dispersion on the scattering performance of popular nanoparticles for radiative cooling applications. We show that, due to material dispersion, nanoparticles with a qualitatively similar response at visible frequencies exhibit fundamentally different scattering properties at infrared frequencies. It is found that dispersive nanoparticles exhibit suppressed-scattering windows, allowing for selective thermal emission within an highly reflective sample. The existence of suppressed-scattering windows solely depends on material dispersion, and they appear pinned to the same wavelength even in random composite materials and periodic metasurfaces. Finally, we investigate calcium-silicate-hydrate (CSH), the main phase of concrete, as an example of a dispersive host, illustrating that the co-design of nanoparticles and host allows for tuning of the suppressed-scattering windows. Our results indicate that controlled nanoporosities would enable concrete with daylight passive radiative cooling capabilities.
Three-dimensional numerical simulations of ambipolar diffusion in NS cores in the one-fluid approximation: instability of poloidal magnetic field
Creators: name: Igoshev, Andrei P.
name: Hollerbach, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically model evolution of magnetic fields inside a neutron star under the influence of ambipolar diffusion in the weak-coupling mode in the one-fluid MHD approximation. Our simulations are three-dimensional and performed in spherical coordinates. Our model covers the neutron star core and includes crust where the magnetic field decay is due to Ohmic decay. We discover an instability of poloidal magnetic field under the influence of ambipolar diffusion. This instability develops in the neutron star core and grows on a timescale of 0.2 dimensionless times, reaching saturation by 2 dimensionless times. The instability leads to formation of azimuthal magnetic field with azimuthal wavenumber $m=14$ (at the moment of saturation) which keeps merging and reaches $m=4$ by 16 dimensionless times. Over the course of our simulations (16 dimensionless times) the surface dipolar magnetic field decays, reaching 20 percent of its original value and keeps decaying. The decay timescale for the total magnetic energy is six dimensionless times. The ambipolar diffusion induces electric currents in the crust where these currents dissipate efficiently. Strong electric currents in the crust lead to heating, which could correspond to luminosities of $\approx 10^{29}$ erg s$^{-1}$ during hundreds of Myrs for an initial magnetic field of $10^{14}$ G. Ambipolar diffusion leads to formation of small-scale magnetic fields at the neutron star surface.
description: Submitted to MNRAS; 26 pages
Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first Large Size Telescope prototype of CTA using a novel likelihood technique
Creators: name: Emery, Gabriel
name: Alispach, Cyril
name: Dalchenko, Mykhailo
name: Foffano, Luca
name: Heller, Matthieu
name: Montaruli, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light induced by secondary charged particles in extensive air showers (EAS), creating an image of the shower in a camera positioned in the focal plane of optical systems. This image is used to evaluate the type, energy and arrival direction of the primary particle that initiated the shower. This contribution shows the results of a novel reconstruction method based on likelihood maximization. The novelty with respect to previous likelihood reconstruction methods lies in the definition of a likelihood per single camera pixel, accounting not only for the total measured charge, but also for its development over time. This leads to more precise reconstruction of shower images. The method is applied to observations of the Crab Nebula acquired with the Large Size Telescope prototype (LST-1) deployed at the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany. https://pos.sissa.it/395/716
Phase Diagram of Mixed-Dimensional Anisotropic t-J-Models
Creators: name: Dicke, Julius
name: Rammelmüller, Lukas
name: Grusdt, Fabian
name: Pollet, Lode
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of two different mixed-dimensional $t-J_z-J_{\perp}$-models on the square lattice, in which the hopping amplitude $t$ is only nonzero along the $x$-direction. In the first, bosonic, model, the spin exchange amplitude $J_{\perp}$ is negative and isotropic along the $x$ and $y$ directions of the lattice, and $J_z$ is isotropic and positive. The low-energy physics is characterized by spin-charge separation: the holes hop as free fermions in an easy-plane ferromagnetic background. In the second model, $J_{\perp}$ is restricted to the $x$-axis while $J_z$ remains isotropic and positive. The model is agnostic to particle statistics, and shows stripe patterns with anti-ferromagnetic N{é}el order at low temperature and high hole concentrations, in resemblance of the mixed-dimensional $t-J_z$ and $t-J$ models. At lower hole concentration, a very strong first order transition and hysteresis loop is seen extending to a remarkably high 14(1)% hole doping.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Efficiency of the top-down PAH-to-fullerene conversion in UV irradiated environments
Creators: name: Murga, M. S.
name: Akimkin, V . V.
name: Wiebe, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fullerenes play a major role in the physics and chemistry of the interstellar medium. Based on a number of recent experimental and theoretical investigations we developed a model in which PAHs are subject to photo-dissociation (carbon and hydrogen loss) and hydrogenation. We take into account that dehydrogenated PAHs may fold into closed structures -- fullerenes. Fullerenes, in their turn, can be also hydrogenated, becoming fulleranes, and photo-dissociated, losing carbon and hydrogen atoms. The carbon loss leads to shrinking of fullerene cages to smaller ones. We calculate the abundance of PAHs and fullerenes of different sizes and hydrogenation level depending on external conditions: the gas temperature, intensity of radiation field, number density of hydrogen atoms, carbon atoms, and electrons. We highlight the conditions, which are favourable for fullerene formation from PAHs, and we conclude that this mechanism works not only in H-poor environment but also at modest values of hydrogen density up to 10$^{4}$~cm$^{-3}$. We found that fulleranes can be formed in the ISM, although the fraction of carbon atoms locked in them can be maximum around 10$^{-9}$. We applied our model to two photo-dissociation regions, Orion Bar and NGC 7023. We compare our estimates of the fullerene abundance and synthetic band intensities in these objects with the observations and conclude that our model gives good results for the closest surroundings of ionising stars. We also demonstrate that additional fullerene formation channels should operate along with UV-induced formation to explain abundance of fullerenes far from UV sources.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 19 pages, 12 figures
Non-fungible token transactions: data and challenges
Creators: name: Cho, Jason B.
name: Serneels, Sven
name: Matteson, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-fungible tokens (NFT) have recently emerged as a novel blockchain hosted financial asset class that has attracted major transaction volumes. Investment decisions rely on data and adequate preprocessing and application of analytics to them. Both owing to the non-fungible nature of the tokens and to a blockchain being the primary data source, NFT transaction data pose several challenges not commonly encountered in traditional financial data. Using data that consist of the transaction history of eight highly valued NFT collections, a selection of such challenges is illustrated. These are: price differentiation by token traits, the possible existence of lateral swaps and wash trades in the transaction history and finally, severe volatility. While this paper merely scratches the surface of how data analytics can be applied in this context, the data and challenges laid out here may present opportunities for future research on the topic.
NADPH oxidase signal transduces angiotensin II in hepatic stellate cells and is critical in hepatic fibrosis
Creators: name: Qian, Ting
name: Brenner, David A.
name: Choi, Youkyung H.
name: Bataller, Ramón
name: Lindquist, Jeffrey
name: Lemasters, John J.
name: Schoonhoven, Robert
name: Paik, Yong Han
name: Schwabe, Robert F.
name: Yang, Liu
name: Hagedorn, Curt H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a pro-oxidant and fibrogenic cytokine. We investigated the role of NADPH oxidase in Ang II–induced effects in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), a fibrogenic cell type. Human HSCs express mRNAs of key components of nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase. Ang II phosphorylated p47phox, a regulatory subunit of NADPH oxidase, and induced reactive oxygen species formation via NADPH oxidase activity. Ang II phosphorylated AKT and MAPKs and increased AP-1 DNA binding in a redox-sensitive manner. Ang II stimulated DNA synthesis, cell migration, procollagen α1(I) mRNA expression, and secretion of TGF-β1 and inflammatory cytokines. These effects were attenuated by N-acetylcysteine and diphenylene iodonium, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor. Moreover, Ang II induced upregulation of genes potentially involved in hepatic wound-healing response in a redox-sensitive manner, as assessed by microarray analysis. HSCs isolated from p47phox–/– mice displayed a blunted response to Ang II compared with WT cells. We also assessed the role of NADPH oxidase in experimental liver fibrosis. After bile duct ligation, p47phox–/– mice showed attenuated liver injury and fibrosis compared with WT counterparts. Moreover, expression of smooth muscle α-actin and expression of TGF-β1 were reduced in p47phox–/– mice. Thus, NADPH oxidase mediates the actions of Ang II on HSCs and plays a critical role in liver fibrogenesis.
Optical phased array neural probes for beam-steering in brain tissue
Creators: name: Sacher, Wesley D.
name: Chen, Fu-Der
name: Moradi-Chameh, Homeira
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Almog, Ilan Felts
name: Lordello, Thomas
name: Chang, Michael
name: Naderian, Azadeh
name: Fowler, Trevor M.
name: Segev, Eran
name: Xue, Tianyuan
name: Mahallati, Sara
name: Valiante, Taufik A.
name: Moreaux, Laurent C.
name: Poon, Joyce K. S.
name: Roukes, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Implantable silicon neural probes with integrated nanophotonic waveguides can deliver patterned dynamic illumination into brain tissue at depth. Here, we introduce neural probes with integrated optical phased arrays and demonstrate optical beam steering in vitro. Beam formation in brain tissue was simulated and characterized. The probes were used for optogenetic stimulation and calcium imaging.
P2Y12 regulates platelet adhesion/activation, thrombus growth, and thrombus stability in injured arteries
Creators: name: Koller, Beverley
name: Delaney, Suzanne M.
name: André, Patrick
name: Jurek, Marzena
name: Phillips, David R.
name: Vincent, Diana
name: Conley, Pamela B.
name: LaRocca, Thomas
name: DeGuzman, Francis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The critical role for ADP in arterial thrombogenesis was established by the clinical success of P2Y12 antagonists, currently used at doses that block 40–50% of the P2Y12 on platelets. This study was designed to determine the role of P2Y12 in platelet thrombosis and how its complete absence affects the thrombotic process. P2Y12-null mice were generated by a gene-targeting strategy. Using an in vivo mesenteric artery injury model and real-time continuous analysis of the thrombotic process, we observed that the time for appearance of first thrombus was delayed and that only small, unstable thrombi formed in P2Y12–/– mice without reaching occlusive size, in the absence of aspirin. Platelet adhesion to vWF was impaired in P2Y12–/– platelets. While adhesion to fibrinogen and collagen appeared normal, the platelets in thrombi from P2Y12–/– mice on collagen were less dense and less activated than their WT counterparts. P2Y12–/– platelet activation was also reduced in response to ADP or a PAR-4–activating peptide. Thus, P2Y12 is involved in several key steps of thrombosis: platelet adhesion/activation, thrombus growth, and stability. The data suggest that more aggressive strategies of P2Y12 antagonism will be antithrombotic without the requirement of aspirin cotherapy and may provide benefits even to the aspirin-nonresponder population.
Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides as modulators of alternative splicing
Creators: name: Kole, Ryszard
name: Sazani, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: An estimated 60% of all human genes undergo alternative splicing, a highly regulated process that produces splice variants with different functions. Such variants have been linked to a variety of cancers, and genetic diseases such as thalassemia and cystic fibrosis. This Perspective describes a promising approach to RNA repair based on the use of antisense oligonucleotides to modulate alternative splicing and engender the production of therapeutic gene products.
Exploring the High-Energy Gamma-Ray Spectra of TeV Blazars
Creators: name: Feng, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highest-energy blazars exhibit non-thermal radiation extending beyond 1 TeV with high luminosities and strong variabilities, indicating extreme particle acceleration in their relativistic jets. The gamma-ray spectra of blazars contain information about the distribution and cooling processes of high-energy particles in jets, the extragalactic background light between the source and the observer, and potentially, the environment of the gamma-ray emitting region and exotic physics that may modify the opacity of the universe to gamma rays. We use data from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS to study the variability and spectra of a sample of TeV blazars across a wide range of gamma-ray energies, taking advantage of more than ten years of data from both instruments. The variability in both the GeV and TeV gamma-ray bands is investigated using a Bayesian blocks method to identify periods with a steady flux, during which the average gamma-ray spectra, after correcting for the pair absorption effect from propagation, can be parameterized without the risk of mixing different flux states. We report on the search for intrinsic spectral curvature and spectral variability in these blazars, in an effort to understand the physical mechanisms behind the high-energy gamma-ray spectra of TeV blazars.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (49)]
Creators: name: Philipp Maria
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1421
Subjects: subject: Urkunde weltlicher Fürsten
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: [Filippo Maria Visconti,] Herzog von Mailand usw. sowie comes von Pavia und Anghiera, ernennt Bernardus de Salio aus Mailand in der Nachfolge des Manfredinus de Pelletis zum Podestà von Pontecurone für die kommenden sechs Monate.
Deep Learning Transient Detection with VERITAS
Creators: name: Pfrang, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based $γ$-ray observatories, such as the VERITAS array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, provide insight into very-high-energy (VHE, $\mathrm{E}>100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) astrophysical transient events. Examples include the evaporation of primordial black holes, gamma-ray bursts and flaring blazars. Identifying such events with a serendipitous location and time of occurrence is difficult. Thus, employing a robust search method becomes crucial. An implementation of a transient detection method based on deep-learning techniques for VERITAS will be presented. This data-driven approach significantly reduces the dependency on the characterization of the instrument response and the modelling of the expected transient signal. The response of the instrument is affected by various factors, such as the elevation of the source and the night sky background. The study of these effects allows enhancing the deep learning method with additional parameters to infer their influences on the data. This improves the performance and stability for a wide range of observational conditions. We illustrate our method for an historic flare of the blazar BL Lac that was detected by VERITAS in October 2016. We find a promising performance for the detection of such a flare in timescales of minutes that compares well with the VERITAS standard analysis.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)
Explicit Construction of Equivalence Bimodules between Noncommutative Solenoids
Creators: name: Latremoliere, Frederic
name: Packer, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 46L40, 46L80, Secondary: 46L08, 19K14

description: Let $p\in \mathbb{N}$ be prime, and let $θ$ be irrational. The authors have previously shown that the noncommutative $p$-solenoid corresponding to the multiplier of the group $\left(\mathbb{Z}\left[\frac{1}{p}\right]\right)^2$ parametrized by $α=(θ+1, (θ+1)/p,\cdots, (θ+1)/p^j,\cdots )$ is strongly Morita equivalent to the noncommutative solenoid on $\left(\mathbb{Z}\left[\frac{1}{p}\right]\right)^2$ coming from the multiplier $β= (1-\frac{θ+1}θ,1-\frac{θ+1}{pθ}, \cdots, 1-\frac{θ+1}{p^jθ}, \cdots )$ . The method used a construction of Rieffel referred to as the "Heisenberg bimodule" in which the two noncommutative solenoid corresponds to two different twisted group algebras associated to dual lattices in $(\mathbb Q_p\times \mathbb R)^2.$ In this paper, we make three additional observations: first, that at each stage, the subalgebra given by the irrational rotation algebra corresponding to $α_{2j}=(θ+1)/p^{2j}$ is strongly Morita equivalent to the irrational rotation algebra corresponding to the irrational rotation algebra corresponding to $β_{2j}= 1-\frac{θ+1}{p^{2j}θ}$ by a different construction of Rieffel, secondly, that that Rieffel's Heisenberg module relating the two non commutative solenoids can be constructed as the closure of a nested sequence of function spaces associated to a multiresolution analysis for a $p$-adic wavelet, and finally, at each stage, the equivalence bimodule between $A_{α_{2j}}$ and $A_{β_{2j}}$ can be identified with the subequivalence bimodules arising from the $p$-adic MRA. Aside from its instrinsic interest, we believe this construction will guide us in our efforts to show that certain necessary conditions for two noncommutative solenoids to be strongly Morita equivalent are also sufficient.
description: 30 pages
CHANG-ES XXVI: Insights into cosmic-ray transport from radio halos in edge-on galaxies
Creators: name: Stein, M.
name: Heesen, V.
name: Dettmar, R. -J.
name: Stein, Y.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Beck, R.
name: Adebahr, B.
name: Wiegert, T.
name: Vargas, C. J.
name: Bomans, D. J.
name: Li, J.
name: English, J.
name: Chyzy, K. T.
name: Paladino, R.
name: Tabatabaei, F. S.
name: Strong, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic winds play a key role in regulating the evolution of galaxies over cosmic time. In recent years, the role of cosmic rays (CR) in the formation of the galactic wind has increasingly gained attention. Therefore, we use radio continuum data to analyse the cosmic ray transport in edge-on galaxies. Data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) data release 2 at 144 MHz (HBA) and reprocessed VLA data at 1.6 GHz (L-band) from the Continuum Halos in Nearby Galaxies - an EVLA Survey (CHANG-ES) enable us to increase the extent of the analysed radio continuum profile significantly (up to a factor of 2) compared to previous studies. We compute thermal emission maps using a mixture approach of H-alpha and near infrared data, which is then subtracted to yield radio synchrotron emission maps. Then we compile non-thermal spectral index maps and compute intensity profiles using a box integration approach. Lastly, we perform 1D cosmic ray transport modelling. The non-thermal spectral index maps show evidence that the LoTSS maps are affected by thermal absorption, in star forming regions. The scale height analysis reveals that most of the galaxies are equally well fitted with an one-component instead of a twocomponent exponential profile. We find a bi-modality within our sample. While NGC 3432 and NGC 4013 have similar scale heights in the L-band and HBA, the low-frequency scale heights of NGC 891, NGC 4157, and NGC 4631 exceed their high-frequency counterpart significantly. The 1D CR transport modelling shows agreement of the predicted magnetic field strength and the magnetic field strength estimates of equipartition measurements. Additionally we find an increasing difference of wind velocities (with increasing height over the galactic disk) between central and outer regions of the analysed galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics section 4. Extragalactic astronomy
Discovery of two new interstellar molecules with QUIJOTE: HCCCHCCC and HCCCCS
Creators: name: Fuentetaja, R.
name: Agúndez, M.
name: Cabezas, C.
name: Tercero, B.
name: Marcelino, N.
name: Pardo, J. R.
name: de Vicente, P.
name: Cernicharo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of two new molecules, HCCCHCCC and HCCCCS, towards the starless core TMC-1 in the Taurus region from the QUIJOTE line survey in the 31.1-50.2 GHz frequency range. We identify a total of twenty-nine lines of HCCCHCCC and six rotational transitions of HCCCCS. The rotational quantum numbers range from Ju=10 up to 15 and Ka <=2 for HCCCHCCC and Ju=21/2 up to 31/2 for HCCCCS. We derived a column density for HCCCHCCC of N=(1.3+/-0.2)x10^11 cm-2 with a rotational temperature of 6+/-1 K, while for HCCCCS we derived N=(9.5+/-0.8)x10^10 cm-2 and Trot =10+/-1 K. The abundance of HCCCHCCC is higher than that of its recently discovered isomer, l-H2C6. If we compare HCCCCS with its related molecules, HCS and HCCS, we obtain abundance ratios HCS/HCCCCS=58 and HCCS/HCCCCS=7.2. We investigated the formation of these two molecules using chemical modelling calculations. The observed abundances can be accounted for by assuming standard gas-phase formation routes involving neutral-neutral reactions and ion-neutral reactions.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.08992
Electroanatomic Mapping to determine Scar Regions in patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Creators: name: He, Jiyue
name: Jang, Kuk Jin
name: Walsh, Katie
name: Liang, Jackson
name: Dixit, Sanjay
name: Mangharam, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Left atrial voltage maps are routinely acquired during electroanatomic mapping in patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. For patients, who have prior catheter ablation when they are in sinus rhythm, the voltage map can be used to identify low voltage areas using a threshold of 0.2 - 0.45 mV. However, such a voltage threshold for maps acquired during atrial fibrillation has not been well established. A prerequisite for defining a voltage threshold is to maximize the topologically matched low voltage areas between the electroanatomic mapping acquired during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm. This paper demonstrates a new technique to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the matched low voltage areas. This is achieved by computing omni-directional bipolar voltages and applying Gaussian Process Regression based interpolation to derive the atrial fibrillation map. The proposed method is evaluated on a test cohort of 7 male patients, and a total of 46,589 data points were included in analysis. The low voltage areas in the posterior left atrium and pulmonary vein junction are determined using the standard method and the proposed method. Overall, the proposed method showed patient-specific sensitivity and specificity in matching low voltage areas of 75.70% and 65.55% for a geometric mean of 70.69%. On average, there was an improvement of 3.00% in the geometric mean, 7.88% improvement in sensitivity, 0.30% improvement in specificity compared to the standard method. The results show that the proposed method is an improvement in matching low voltage areas. This may help develop the voltage threshold to better identify low voltage areas in the left atrium for patients in atrial fibrillation.
Acute HIV revisited: new opportunities for treatment and prevention
Creators: name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Pilcher, Christopher D.
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Galvin, Shannon
name: Gay, Cynthia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Inability to recognize incident infection has traditionally limited both scientific and public health approaches to HIV disease. Recently, some laboratories have begun adding HIV nucleic acid amplification testing to HIV diagnostic testing algorithms so that acute (antibody-negative) HIV infections can be routinely detected within the first 1–3 weeks of exposure. In this review article, we will highlight critical opportunities for HIV treatment and prevention that are presented by these diagnostic strategies.
New Radial Velocities for 30 Candidate Runaway Stars and a Possible Binary Supernova Origin for HIP 9470 and PSR J0152-1637
Creators: name: Tetzlaff, N.
name: Torres, G.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Neuhäuser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new radial velocity measurements for 30 candidate runaway stars. We revise their age estimates and compute their past trajectories in the Galaxy in order to determine their birthplaces. We find that seven of the stars could be younger than ~100 Myr, and for five of them we identify multiple young clusters and associations in which they may have formed. For the youngest star in the sample, HIP 9470, we suggest a possible ejection scenario in a supernova event, and also that it may be associated with the young pulsar PSR J0152-1637. Our spectroscopic observations reveal seven of the stars in the sample of 30 to be previously unknown spectroscopic binaries. Orbital solutions for four of them are reported here as well.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomical Notes, issue 9, 2014 note that in the manuscript only a small portion of Table 1 is shown, the individual RVs for all stars are given in the file rvs.indiv
Probing itinerant carrier dynamics at the diamond surface using single nitrogen vacancy centers
Creators: name: Mahdia, Marjana
name: Allred, James
name: Yuan, Zhiyang
name: Rovny, Jared
name: de Leon, Nathalie P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Color centers in diamond are widely explored for applications in quantum sensing, computing, and networking. Their optical, spin, and charge properties have been extensively studied, while their interactions with itinerant carriers are relatively unexplored. Here we show that NV centers situated within 10 nm of the diamond surface can be converted to the neutral charge state via hole capture. By measuring the hole capture rate, we extract the capture cross section, which is suppressed by proximity to the diamond surface. The distance dependence is consistent with a carrier diffusion model, indicating that the itinerant carrier lifetime can be long, even at the diamond surface. Measuring dynamics of near-surface NV centers offers a new tool for characterizing the diamond surface and investigating charge transport in diamond devices.
The environment of AGN dwarf galaxies at z$\sim$0.7 from the VIPERS survey
Creators: name: Siudek, M.
name: Mezcua, M.
name: Krywult, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf galaxies are ideal laboratories to study the relationship between the environment and AGN activity. However, the type of environments in which dwarf galaxies hosting AGN reside is still unclear and limited to low-redshift studies (z < 0.5). We use the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) to investigate, for the first time, their environments at 0.5 < z < 0.9. We select a sample of 12,942 low-mass ($\rm{log}(M_\mathrm{*}/M_{\odot})\leq10$) galaxies and use the emission-line diagnostic diagram to identify AGN. We characterise their local environments as the galaxy density contrast, $δ$, derived from the fifth nearest neighbour method. Our work demonstrates that AGN and non-AGN dwarf galaxies reside in similar environments at intermediate redshift suggesting that the environment is not an important factor in triggering AGN activity already since z = 0.9. Dwarf galaxies show a strong preference for low-density environments, independently of whether they host an AGN or not. Their properties do not change when moving to denser environments, suggesting that dwarf galaxies are not gas-enriched due to environmental effects. Moreover, AGN presence does not alter host properties supporting the scenario that AGN feedback does not impact the star formation of the host. Lastly, AGN are found to host over-massive black holes. This is the first study of dwarf galaxies hosting AGN at z > 0.5. The next generation of deep surveys will reveal whether or not such lack of environmental trends is common also for faint higher-redshift dwarf galaxy populations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 19 pages, 14 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (50 a)]
Creators: name: Bruxatus, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1421
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Johannes Bruxatus, Sohn des verstorbenen Baldessarrus Bruxatus, bescheinigt, von dem Müller Johaninus de Cornate, genannt Magister, Sohn des verstorbenen Jacomolus de Cornate, ein Kontingent an Mehl und Getreide als jährliche Abgabe für ein gepachtetes Stück Land samt Mühle und aller für deren Betrieb erforderlichen Mittel und Werkzeuge erhalten zu haben.