cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(1169) Richard Deighton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hologram of a pure state black hole
Creators: name: Roy, Shubho R.
name: Sarkar, Debajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extend the HKLL holographic smearing function method to reconstruct (quasi)local AdS bulk scalar observables in the background of a large AdS black hole formed by null shell collapse (a "pure state" black hole), from the dual CFT which is undergoing a sudden quench. In particular, we probe the near horizon and sub-horizon bulk locality. First we construct local bulk operators from the CFT in the leading semiclassical limit, $N\rightarrow\infty$. Then we look at effects due to the finiteness of $N$, where we propose a suitable coarse-graining prescription involving early and late time cut-offs to define semiclassical bulk observables which are approximately local; their departure from locality being non-perturbatively small in $N$. Our results have important implications on the black hole information problem.
description: 41 pages, 11 figures, Typos fixed, Minor changes to Discussions and Outlook sections
(1164) Frederick Gilbertson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Equivalence Checking of Parameterized Quantum Circuits: Verifying the Compilation of Variational Quantum Algorithms
Creators: name: Peham, Tom
name: Burgholzer, Lukas
name: Wille, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms have been introduced as a promising class of quantum-classical hybrid algorithms that can already be used with the noisy quantum computing hardware available today by employing parameterized quantum circuits. Considering the non-trivial nature of quantum circuit compilation and the subtleties of quantum computing, it is essential to verify that these parameterized circuits have been compiled correctly. Established equivalence checking procedures that handle parameter-free circuits already exist. However, no methodology capable of handling circuits with parameters has been proposed yet. This work fills this gap by showing that verifying the equivalence of parameterized circuits can be achieved in a purely symbolic fashion using an equivalence checking approach based on the ZX-calculus. At the same time, proofs of inequality can be efficiently obtained with conventional methods by taking advantage of the degrees of freedom inherent to parameterized circuits. We implemented the corresponding methods and proved that the resulting methodology is complete. Experimental evaluations (using the entire parametric ansatz circuit library provided by Qiskit as benchmarks) demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The implementation is open source and publicly available as part of the equivalence checking tool QCEC (https://github.com/cda-tum/qcec) which is part of the Munich Quantum Toolkit (MQT).
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, 28th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASPDAC '23)
X-rays in the Prime of Life: The Turbulence of Wolf 359
Creators: name: Wolk, Scott
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Wolf 359, AKA CN Leo is a mid-M star (M5.5 - M8) with a mass of about 0.11M☉and an estimated radius of 0.14R☉ located about 2.4 pc from Earth. The e age of the system (0.1 – 1.5 Gyr) is consistent with the late bombardment stage of planetary evolution. Two planets have been identified orbiting it. The putative inner planet is about 4 times the mass of the Earth and probably too close for life. A significant gap betweenthe b and c planets makes it likely to host additional planetary mass objects.

Our goals here were to:

1. Measure the low-energy X-rays and EUV responsible for biochemical reactions.

2. Evaluate the rate of high-energy X-rays which can penetrate to a planetary surface.

3. The related CMEs provide kinetic energy that can remove large masses of atmosphere.
High Time to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Cannabis Cultivation
Creators: name: Ashworth, K.
name:  Vizuete, W.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2017

description: On November 8, 2016, four additional U.S. states
(California, Massachusetts, Nevada, and Maine) legalized
the use of recreational marijuana and four more relaxed medical
marijuana laws. This is effectively creating a new industry in
United States, one that looks set to rival all but the largest of
current businesses with projected income expected to exceed
that of the National Football League by 2020. In Colorado sales
revenues have reached $1 billion, roughly equal to that from
grain farming in the state and a third higher than residential
construction, an industry with strict environmental monitoring
procedures.
Supplementary Results from Artificial light at night causes reproductive failure in clownfish
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Silva, Karen Burke Da
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Earth is getting brighter at night, as artificial light at night (ALAN) continues to increase and extend its reach. Despite recent recognition of the damaging impacts of ALAN on terrestrial ecosystems, research on the impacts of ALAN on marine systems is comparatively lacking. To further our understanding of the impacts of ALAN on marine organisms, this study examines the impact of ALAN on the reproductive fitness of the common clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris. We assessed how exposure to low levels of ALAN affects (i) frequency of spawning, (ii) egg fertilization success, and (iii) hatching success of A. ocellaris under control (12 : 12 day–night) and treatment (12 : 12 day–ALAN) light regimes. While we found exposure to ALAN had no impact on the frequency of spawning or fertilization success, ALAN had dramatic effects on hatching. Amphiprion ocellaris eggs incubated in the presence of ALAN simply did not hatch, resulting in zero survivorship of offspring. These findings suggest ALAN can significantly reduce reproductive fitness in a benthic-spawning reef fish. Further research in this field is necessary to fully understand the extent of this impact on population and community dynamics in the wild.
(1166) Mary Thompson [Gilbertson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sensitivity of the FACET experiment to Heavy Neutral Leptons and Dark Scalars
Creators: name: Ovchynnikov, Maksym
name: Kryshtal, Viktor
name: Bondarenko, Kyrylo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the potential of the recently proposed experiment FACET (Forward-Aperture CMS ExTension) to search for new physics. As an example, we consider the models of Higgs-like scalars with cubic and quartic interactions and Heavy Neutral Leptons. We compare the sensitivity of FACET with that of other proposed "intensity frontier" experiments, including FASER2, SHiP, etc. and demonstrate that FACET could probe an interesting parameter space between the current constraints and the potential reach of the above mentioned proposals.
Scaling Hydrodynamical Evolution of a Gravitating Dark-fluid Universe
Creators: name: Barna, Imre F.
name: Pocsai, Mihály A.
name: Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dark fluid model which contains the general linear equation of state including the gravitation term. The obtained spherical symmetric Euler equation and the continuity equation was investigated with the Sedov-type time-dependent self-similar {\it ansatz} which is capable to describe physically relevant diffusive and dispersive solutions. %The role of the parameter in the equation of state is investigated. As results the space and time dependent fluid density and radial velocity fields are presented and analyzed. Additionally, the role of the initial velocity on the kinetic and total energy densities of the fluid is discussed.
description: 8 pages and 5 figures
Construction of the least informative observable conserved by a given quantum instrument
Creators: name: Kuramochi, Yui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a quantum measurement process described by a quantum instrument $\mathcal{I}$ and a system observable corresponding to a positive-operator valued measure (POVM) $E ,$ $\mathcal{I}$ is said to conserve the information of $E$ if the joint successive measurement of $\mathcal{I}$ followed by $E$ is equivalent to a single measurement of $E .$ We show that for any quantum instrument $\mathcal{I}$ we can construct a POVM conserved by $\mathcal{I}$. Intuitively the construction gives the infinite joint successive measurement of $\mathcal{I}.$ We also show that the constructed POVM is the least informative observable among POVMs conserved by $\mathcal{I}$, i.e. the constructed POVM can be realized by a classical post-processing of any POVM conserved by $\mathcal{I} .$ As typical examples of quantum instruments, we explicitly evaluate POVMs of infinite successive measurements for photon counting and quantum counter instruments.
description: 20 pages
MPEC 2024-C23 : 2024 BJ5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BJ5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
SM8 from Termites manipulate moisture content of wood to maximize foraging resources.
Creators: name: Oberst, Sebastian
name: Lenz, Michael
name: Lai, Joseph C. S.
name: Evans, Theodore A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Animals use cues to find their food, in microhabitats within their physiological tolerances. Termites build and modify their microhabitat, to transform hostile environments into benign ones, which raises questions about the relative importance of cues. Termites are desiccation intolerant and foraging termites are attracted to water, so most research has considered moisture to be a cue. However, termites can also transport water to food, and so moisture may play other roles than previously considered. To examine the role of moisture, we compared Coptotermes acinaciformis termite foraging decisions in laboratory experiments when they were offered dry and moist wood, with and without load. Without load, termites preferred moist wood and ate it without any building, whereas they moistened dry wood after wrapping it in a layer of clay. For the ‘With load’ units, termites substituted some of the wood for load-bearing clay walls, and kept the wood drier than on the unloaded units. As drier wood has higher compressive strength and higher rigidity, it allows more of the wood to be consumed. These results suggest that moisture plays a more important role in termite ecology than previously thought. Termites manipulate the moisture content according to the situational context and use it for multiple purposes: increased moisture levels soften the fibre, which facilitates foraging, yet keeping the wood dry provides higher structural stability against buckling which is especially important when foraging on wood under load.
Thermodynamics-informed neural networks for physically realistic mixed reality
Creators: name: Hernández, Quercus
name: Badías, Alberto
name: Chinesta, Francisco
name: Cueto, Elías
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The imminent impact of immersive technologies in society urges for active research in real-time and interactive physics simulation for virtual worlds to be realistic. In this context, realistic means to be compliant to the laws of physics. In this paper we present a method for computing the dynamic response of (possibly non-linear and dissipative) deformable objects induced by real-time user interactions in mixed reality using deep learning. The graph-based architecture of the method ensures the thermodynamic consistency of the predictions, whereas the visualization pipeline allows a natural and realistic user experience. Two examples of virtual solids interacting with virtual or physical solids in mixed reality scenarios are provided to prove the performance of the method.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
S6. Results Pilot experiment from Termites manipulate moisture content of wood to maximize foraging resources.
Creators: name: Oberst, Sebastian
name: Lenz, Michael
name: Lai, Joseph C. S.
name: Evans, Theodore A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Animals use cues to find their food, in microhabitats within their physiological tolerances. Termites build and modify their microhabitat, to transform hostile environments into benign ones, which raises questions about the relative importance of cues. Termites are desiccation intolerant and foraging termites are attracted to water, so most research has considered moisture to be a cue. However, termites can also transport water to food, and so moisture may play other roles than previously considered. To examine the role of moisture, we compared Coptotermes acinaciformis termite foraging decisions in laboratory experiments when they were offered dry and moist wood, with and without load. Without load, termites preferred moist wood and ate it without any building, whereas they moistened dry wood after wrapping it in a layer of clay. For the ‘With load’ units, termites substituted some of the wood for load-bearing clay walls, and kept the wood drier than on the unloaded units. As drier wood has higher compressive strength and higher rigidity, it allows more of the wood to be consumed. These results suggest that moisture plays a more important role in termite ecology than previously thought. Termites manipulate the moisture content according to the situational context and use it for multiple purposes: increased moisture levels soften the fibre, which facilitates foraging, yet keeping the wood dry provides higher structural stability against buckling which is especially important when foraging on wood under load.
Nuclear medium effects in structure functions of nucleon at moderate $Q^2$
Creators: name: Haider, H.
name: Zaidi, F.
name: Athar, M. Sajjad
name: Singh, S. K.
name: Simo, I. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments performed on inclusive electron scattering from nuclear targets have measured the nucleon electromagnetic structure functions $F_1(x,Q^2)$, $F_2(x,Q^2)$ and $F_L(x,Q^2)$ in $^{12}C$, $^{27}Al$, $^{56}Fe$ and $^{64}Cu$ nuclei. The measurements have been done in the energy region of $1 GeV^2 < W^2 < 4 GeV^2$ and $Q^2$ region of $0.5 GeV^2 < Q^2 < 4.5 GeV^2$. We have calculated nuclear medium effects in these structure functions arising due to the Fermi motion, binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic contributions from pion and rho mesons and shadowing effects. The calculations are performed in a local density approximation using relativistic nucleon spectral function which include nucleon correlations. The numerical results are compared with the recent experimental data from JLab and also with some earlier experiments.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
AUV Abyss workflow: autonomous deep sea exploration for ocean research
Creators: name: Klischies, Meike
name: Rothenbeck, Marcel
name: Steinführer, Anja
name: Yeo, Isobel A.
name: Ferreira, Christian Dos Santos
name: Mohrmann, Jochen
name: Faber, Claas
name: Schirnick, Carsten
Publisher: name: GEOMAR
Year: 2018

description: The AUV Abyss post-processing workflow is published as Jupyter Notebooks complementing the IEEE OES AUV 2018 conference contribution 'AUV Abyss workflow: autonomous deep sea exploration for ocean research' (Klischies et al., 2018). The publication explains the application and use of these Notebooks in detail. The purpose of the Juypter Notebooks is to share, adapt, execute and document post-processing of AUV Abyss MBES data.
Event-by-event study of CR composition with the SPHERE experiment using the 2013 data
Creators: name: Antonov, R. A.
name: Aulova, T. V.
name: Bonvech, E. A.
name: Chernov, D. V.
name: Dzhatdoev, T. A.
name: Finger, Mich.
name: Finger, Mir.
name: Galkin, V. I.
name: Podgrudkov, D. A.
name: Roganova, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an event-by-event study of cosmic ray (CR) composition with the reflected Cherenkov light method. The fraction of CR light component above 5 PeV was reconstructed using the 2013 run data of the SPHERE experiment which observed optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation of extensive air showers, reflected from snow surface of Lake Baikal. Additionally, we discuss a possibility to improve the elemental groups separability by means of multidimensional criteria.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures
A study of the relationship between regulatory systems, assessment e locomotion, and online learning groups
Creators: name: Mirisola, Alberto
name: Benigno, Vincenza
name: Chifari, Antonella
Publisher: name: Journal of e-Learning and Knowledge Society
Year: 2011
Subjects: CSCL, Regulatory-mode theory, higher education, assessment, locomotion.

description: The present paper examines the relationship between assessment, locomotion and attitudes and learning outcomes in a Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) framework. Results showed that regulatory mode predicted exam marks, numbers of tasks completed, messages sent and attitudes towards the course and the ingroup. The theoretical implications and some reflections about CSCL and Regulatory-mode Theory (RMT) are presented.
description: Journal of e-Learning and Knowledge Society, Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Journal of e-Learning and Knowledge Society
Graph Modeling in Computer Assisted Automotive Development
Creators: name: Pakiman, Anahita
name: Garcke, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider graph modeling for a knowledge graph for vehicle development, with a focus on crash safety. An organized schema that incorporates information from various structured and unstructured data sources is provided, which includes relevant concepts within the domain. In particular, we propose semantics for crash computer aided engineering (CAE) data, which enables searchability, filtering, recommendation, and prediction for crash CAE data during the development process. This graph modeling considers the CAE data in the context of the R\&D development process and vehicle safety. Consequently, we connect CAE data to the protocols that are used to assess vehicle safety performances. The R\&D process includes CAD engineering and safety attributes, with a focus on multidisciplinary problem-solving. We describe previous efforts in graph modeling in comparison to our proposal, discuss its strengths and limitations, and identify areas for future work.
description: ICKG 2022
Fig. S7 from Termites manipulate moisture content of wood to maximize foraging resources.
Creators: name: Oberst, Sebastian
name: Lenz, Michael
name: Lai, Joseph C. S.
name: Evans, Theodore A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The ‘No load’ units showed on average far less clay per volume than the ‘With load’ units. The notches of the boxes indicate 95% confidence intervals which are non-overlapping hence differences between the ‘No load’ and the ‘With load’ units are significant at the 5% level; results here are qualitatively the same as in Oberst, Lai & Evans [10].
(1167) Sarah Deighton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Exploring Branched Hamiltonians for a Class of Nonlinear Systems
Creators: name: Bagchi, Bijan
name: Modak, Subhrajit
name: Panigrahi, Prasanta K.
name: Ruzicka, František
name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the less well understood ambiguities of quantization is emphasized to result from the presence of higher-order time derivatives in the Lagrangians resulting in multiple-valued Hamiltonians. We explore certain classes of branched Hamiltonians in the context of nonlinear autonomous differential equation of Lienard type. Two eligible elementary nonlinear models that emerge are shown to admit a feasible quantization along these lines.
description: 11 pages. It is a revised version with additional references and the paper has been accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters A
(1162) Thomas [Blyth] Gilbertson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Optimization of generator coordinate method with machine-learning techniques for nuclear spectra and neutrinoless double-beta decay: ridge regression for nuclei with axial deformation
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Lin, W.
name: Yao, J. M.
name: Jiao, C. F.
name: Romero, A. M.
name: Rodríguez, T. R.
name: Hergert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generator coordinate method (GCM) is an important tool of choice for modeling large-amplitude collective motion in atomic nuclei. The computational complexity of the GCM increases rapidly with the number of collective coordinates. It imposes a strong restriction on the applicability of the method. In this work, we propose a subspace-reduction algorithm that employs optimal statistical ML models as surrogates for exact quantum-number projection calculations for norm and Hamiltonian kernels. The model space of the original GCM is reduced to a subspace relevant for nuclear low energy spectra and the NME of ground state to ground state $0νββ$ decay based on the orthogonality condition (OC) and the energy-transition-orthogonality procedure (ENTROP), respectively. For simplicity, the polynomial ridge regression (RR) algorithm is used to learn the norm and Hamiltonian kernels of axially deformed configurations. The efficiency and accuracy of this algorithm are illustrated for 76Ge and 76Se by comparing results obtained using the optimal RR models to direct GCM calculations. The low-lying energy spectra of $^{76}$Ge and $^{76}$Se, as well as the $0νββ$-decay NME between their ground states, are computed. The results show that the performance of the GCM+OC/ENTROP+RR is more robust than that of the GCM+RR alone, and the former can reproduce the results of the original GCM calculation accurately with a significantly reduced computational cost.
description: 15 pages with 19 figures
Surface versus bulk contributions to the giant Rashba splitting in the ferroelectric α-GeTe(111) semiconductor
Creators: name: Krempaský, J.
name: Volfová, H.
name: Muff, S.
name: Pilet, N.
name: Landolt, G.
name: Radović, M.
name: Shi, M.
name: Kriegner, D.
name: Holý, V.
name: Braun, J.
name: Ebert, H.
name: Bisti, F.
name: Rogalev, V. A.
name: Strocov, V. N.
name: Springholz, G.
name: Minár, J.
name: Dil, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In systems with broken inversion symmetry spin-orbit coupling (SOC) yields a Rashba-type spin splitting of electronic states, manifested in a k-dependent splitting of the bands. While most research had previously focused on 2D electron systems, recently a three-dimensional (3D) form of such Rashba-effect was found in a series of bismuth tellurohalides. Whereas these materials exhibit a very large spin-splitting, they lack an important property concerning functionalization, namely the possibility to switch or tune the spin texture. This limitation can be overcome in a new class of functional materials displaying Rashba-splitting coupled to ferroelectricity: the ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors (FERS). Using spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SARPES) we show that GeTe(111) forms a prime member of this class, displaying a complex spin-texture for the Rashba-split surface and bulk bands arising from the intrinsic inversion symmetry breaking caused by the ferroelectric polarization of the bulk (FE). Apart from pure surface and bulk states we find surface-bulk resonant states (SBR) whose wavefunctions entangle the spinors from the bulk and surface contributions. At the Fermi level their hybridization results in unconventional spin topologies with cochiral helicities and concomitant gap opening. The GeTe(111) surface and SBR states make the semiconductor surface conducting. At the same time our SARPES data confirm that GeTe is a narrow-gap semiconductor, suggesting that GeTe(111) electronic states are endowed with spin properties that are theoretically challenging to anticipate. As the helicity of the spins in Rashba bands is connected to the direction of the FE polarization, this work paves the way to all-electric non-volatile control of spin-transport properties in semiconductors.
Interaction enhanced quantum heat engine
Creators: name: Boubakour, Mohamed
name: Fogarty, Thomás
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a minimal quantum Otto heat engine, where the working medium consists of an interacting few-body system in a harmonic trap. This allows us to consider the interaction strength as an additional tunable parameter during the work strokes. We calculate the figures of merit of this engine as a function of the temperature and show clearly in which parameter regimes the interactions assist in engine performance. We also study the finite time dynamics and the subsequent trade-off between the efficiency and the power, comparing the interaction enhanced cycle with the case where the system remains scale-invariant.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
PAPILLONS Magazine: The Scale of the Challenge
Creators: name: Farm Europe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Considering the success of the first edition of the magazine, the consortium decided to publish a second issue in April 2025 to mark the end of the project and wrap up the most relevant research findings. It was also the opportunity for the consortium to retrace their work throughout these years and convey their impressions and visions on the PAPILLONS project. Highlights from this second edition include: editorials, interviews of PAPILLONS WP leaders, summaries of recently published scientific articles research on micro/nanoplastics in soil, water, crops, and food chains and much more.
Fig. S4 from Termites manipulate moisture content of wood to maximize foraging resources.
Creators: name: Oberst, Sebastian
name: Lenz, Michael
name: Lai, Joseph C. S.
name: Evans, Theodore A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: (a), wood block after 2 days; clay layer is scraped off; (b), wooden block after 6 days: the arrows indicate nibbling activity (grazing) of the termites; (c) after about 18 days the termites removed significant amounts of wood, leaving trenches at all sides (d) as well as starting to eat along the grain (e); (f), after 22 days the wood was reduced already significantly jointing the trenches and holes.
Impact of temporal upscaling and chemical transport model horizontal resolution on reducing ozone exposure misclassification
Creators: name: Vizuete, W.
name: Serre, M.L.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Reyes, J.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2017

description: We have developed a Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME) framework that integrates observations from a surface monitoring network and predictions from a Chemical Transport Model (CTM) to create improved exposure estimates that can be resolved into any spatial and temporal resolution. The flexibility of the framework allows for input of data in any choice of time scales and CTM predictions of any spatial resolution with varying associated degrees of estimation error and cost in terms of implementation and computation. This study quantifies the impact on exposure estimation error due to these choices by first comparing estimations errors when BME relied on ozone concentration data either as an hourly average, the daily maximum 8-h average (DM8A), or the daily 24-h average (D24A). Our analysis found that the use of DM8A and D24A data, although less computationally intensive, reduced estimation error more when compared to the use of hourly data. This was primarily due to the poorer CTM model performance in the hourly average predicted ozone. Our second analysis compared spatial variability and estimation errors when BME relied on CTM predictions with a grid cell resolution of 12 × 12 km2 versus a coarser resolution of 36 × 36 km2. Our analysis found that integrating the finer grid resolution CTM predictions not only reduced estimation error, but also increased the spatial variability in daily ozone estimates by 5 times. This improvement was due to the improved spatial gradients and model performance found in the finer resolved CTM simulation. The integration of observational and model predictions that is permitted in a BME framework continues to be a powerful approach for improving exposure estimates of ambient air pollution. The results of this analysis demonstrate the importance of also understanding model performance variability and its implications on exposure error.
Modeled response of ozone to electricity generation emissions in the northeastern United States using three sensitivity techniques
Creators: name: Vizuete, W.
name: McCann, J.
name: West, J.J.
name: Blumsack, S.
name: Couzo, E.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT: Electrical generation units (EGUs) are important sources of nitrogen oxides (NOx) that contribute to ozone air pollution. A dynamic management system can anticipate high ozone and dispatch EGU generation on a daily basis to attempt to avoid violations, temporarily scaling back or shutting down EGUs that most influence the high ozone while compensating for that generation elsewhere. Here we investigate the contributions of NOx from individual EGUs to high daily ozone, with the goal of informing the design of a dynamic management system. In particular, we illustrate the use of three sensitivity techniques in air quality models—brute force, decoupled direct method (DDM), and higher-order DDM—to quantify the sensitivity of high ozone to NOx emissions from 80 individual EGUs. We model two episodes with high ozone in the region around Pittsburgh, PA, on August 4 and 13, 2005, showing that the contribution of 80 EGUs to 8-hr daily maximum ozone ranges from 1 to >5 ppb at particular locations. At these locations and on the two high ozone days, shutting down power plants roughly 1.5 days before the 8-hr ozone violation causes greater ozone reductions than 1 full day before; however, the benefits of shutting down roughly 2 days before the high ozone are modest compared with 1.5 days. Using DDM, we find that six EGUs are responsible for >65% of the total EGU ozone contribution at locations of interest; in some locations, a single EGU is responsible for most of the contribution. Considering ozone sensitivities for all 80 EGUs, DDM performs well compared with a brute-force simulation with a small normalized mean bias (–0.20), while this bias is reduced when using the higher-order DDM (–0.10). Implications: Dynamic management of electrical generation has the potential to meet daily ozone air quality standards at low cost. We show that dynamic management can be effective at reducing ozone, as EGU contributions are important and as the number of EGUs that contribute to high ozone in a given location is small (<6). For two high ozone days and seven geographic regions, EGUs would best be shut down or their production scaled back roughly 1.5 days before the forecasted exceedance. Including online sensitivity techniques in an air quality forecasting model can provide timely and useful information on which EGUs would be most beneficial to shut down or scale back temporarily.
T-PHOT: A new code for PSF-matched, prior-based, multiwavelength extragalactic deconfusion photometry
Creators: name: Merlin, E.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Bruce, V. A.
name: Buitrago, F.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Schreiber, C.
name: Grazian, A.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Okumura, K.
name: Shu, X.
name: Wang, T.
name: Amorin, R.
name: Boutsia, K.
name: Cappelluti, N.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Derriere, S.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Santini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present T-PHOT, a publicly available software aimed at extracting accurate photometry from low-resolution images of deep extragalactic fields, where the blending of sources can be a serious problem for the accurate and unbiased measurement of fluxes and colours. T-PHOT has been developed within the ASTRODEEP project and it can be considered as the next generation to TFIT, providing significant improvements above it and other similar codes. T-PHOT gathers data from a high-resolution image of a region of the sky, and uses it to obtain priors for the photometric analysis of a lower resolution image of the same field. It can handle different types of datasets as input priors: i) a list of objects that will be used to obtain cutouts from the real high-resolution image; ii) a set of analytical models; iii) a list of unresolved, point-like sources, useful e.g. for far-infrared wavelength domains. We show that T-PHOT yields accurate estimations of fluxes within the intrinsic uncertainties of the method, when systematic errors are taken into account (which can be done thanks to a flagging code given in the output). T-PHOT is many times faster than similar codes like TFIT and CONVPHOT (up to hundreds, depending on the problem and the method adopted), whilst at the same time being more robust and more versatile. This makes it an optimal choice for the analysis of large datasets. In addition we show how the use of different settings and methods significantly enhances the performance. Given its versatility and robustness, T-PHOT can be considered the preferred choice for combined photometric analysis of current and forthcoming extragalactic optical to far-infrared imaging surveys. [abridged]
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables
(1163) Frances Elizabeth Gilbertson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1165) Mary [Gilbertson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Open research infrastructure in science and innovation policies studies: a journey within RISIS and its datasets
Creators: name: Reale, Emanuela
name: Philippe, Laredo
name: Scherngell, Thomas
name: Mantegazzini, Barbara Antonioli
name: Noyons, Ed
name: Fava, Ilaria
name: Jonkers, Koen
name: Klumpers, Johannes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: RISIS datasets
research infrastructures
open science
Knowmak tool
policy debate
indicators
innovation activities

description: RISIS Panel at ESOF2020 focused on the Knowmak-tool with a presentation of Dr. Thomas Scherngell, Dr. Barbara Antonioli Mantegazzini, and Dr. Ed Noyons (The RISIS-KNOWMAK tool providing integrated indicators on research and innovation activities across Europe with use cases as examples).   The illustration of Knowmak-tool has been introduced by an exploration of RISIS activities by Dr. Emanuela Reale and the delineation of strategies and ambitions by Dr. Philippe Laredo, the RISIS project coordinator. The last part of the virtual conference has been dedicated to policy questions with a session entitled Addressing research and policy questions using RISIS resources and with the involvement of Dr. Ilaria Fava (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen), Dr. Koen Jonkers (DG Joint Research Centre, European Commission) and Dr. Johannes Klumpers (Head of Research and Industrial Infrastructures Unit at European Commission).
Tilted Dirac cones and asymmetric conical diffraction in photonic Lieb-kagome lattices
Creators: name: Lang, Jean-Philippe
name: Hanafi, Haissam
name: Imbrock, Jörg
name: Denz, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lieb lattice and the kagome lattice, which are both well known for their Dirac cones and flat bands, can be continuously converted into each other by a shearing transformation. During this transformation, the flat band is destroyed, but the Dirac cones remain and become tilted, with types I, II, and III occurring for different parameters. In this work, we first study these tilted Dirac cones using a tight-binding model, revealing how they can be engineered into the different types. We then demonstrate conical diffraction in a photonic lattice realization of the Lieb-kagome lattice using split-step beam propagation simulations, obtaining evidence of the presence of Dirac cones tilted in different directions. Finally, we performed experiments with photonic lattices laser-written in fused silica (SiO$_2$) to validate the results of the simulations. These studies advance the understanding of the Lieb-kagome lattice and tilted Dirac cones in general and provide a basis for further research into this interesting tunable lattice system.
A scanning algorithm for odd Khovanov homology
Creators: name: Schuetz, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K18 (primary) 57K10 (secondary)

description: We adapt Bar-Natan's scanning algorithm for fast computations in (even) Khovanov homology to odd Khovanov homology. We use a mapping cone construction instead of a tensor product, which allows us to deal efficiently with the more complicated sign assignments in the odd theory. The algorithm has been implemented in a computer program. We also use the algorithm to determine the odd Khovanov homology of 3-strand torus links.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures. For program file, see https://www.maths.dur.ac.uk/~dma0ds/KnotJob.zip
Honeycomb oxide heterostructure: a new platform for Kitaev quantum spin liquid
Creators: name: Kang, Baekjune
name: Park, Miju
name: Song, Sehwan
name: Noh, Seunghyun
name: Choe, Daeseong
name: Kong, Minsik
name: Kim, Minjae
name: Seo, Choongwon
name: Ko, Eun Kyo
name: Yi, Gangsan
name: Yoo, Jung-woo
name: Park, Sungkyun
name: Ok, Jong Mok
name: Sohn, Changhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kitaev quantum spin liquid, massively quantum entangled states, is so scarce in nature that searching for new candidate systems remains a great challenge. Honeycomb heterostructure could be a promising route to realize and utilize such an exotic quantum phase by providing additional controllability of Hamiltonian and device compatibility, respectively. Here, we provide epitaxial honeycomb oxide thin film Na3Co2SbO6, a candidate of Kitaev quantum spin liquid proposed recently. We found a spin glass and antiferromagnetic ground states depending on Na stoichiometry, signifying not only the importance of Na vacancy control but also strong frustration in Na3Co2SbO6. Despite its classical ground state, the field-dependent magnetic susceptibility shows remarkable scaling collapse with a single critical exponent, which can be interpreted as evidence of quantum criticality. Its electronic ground state and derived spin Hamiltonian from spectroscopies are consistent with the predicted Kitaev model. Our work provides a unique route to the realization and utilization of Kitaev quantum spin liquid.
Multimodal long noncoding RNA interaction networks: Control panels for cell fate specification
Creators: name: Miller, S.C.
name: Varani, G.
name: Magnuson, T.
name: Smith, K.N.
name: Calabrese, J.M.
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of America
Year: 2019

description: Lineage specification in early development is the basis for the exquisitely precise body plan of multicellular organisms. It is therefore critical to understand cell fate decisions in early development. Moreover, for regenerative medicine, the accurate specification of cell types to replace damaged/diseased tissue is strongly dependent on identifying determinants of cell identity. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to regulate cellular plasticity, including pluripotency establishment and maintenance, differentiation and development, yet broad phenotypic analysis and the mechanistic basis of their function remains lacking. As components of molecular condensates, lncRNAs interact with almost all classes of cellular biomolecules, including proteins, DNA, mRNAs, and microRNAs. With functions ranging from controlling alternative splicing of mRNAs, to providing scaffolding upon which chromatin modifiers are assembled, it is clear that at least a subset of lncRNAs are far from the transcriptional noise they were once deemed. This review highlights the diversity of lncRNA interactions in the context of cell fate specification, and provides examples of each type of interaction in relevant developmental contexts. Also highlighted are experimental and computational approaches to study lncRNAs.