cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct Mapping of Local Seebeck Coefficient in 2D Material Nanostructures via Scanning Thermal Gate Microscopy
Creators: name: Harzheim, Achim
name: Evangeli, Charalambos
name: Kolosov, Oleg V.
name: Gehring, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local variations in the Seebeck coefficient in low-dimensional materials-based nanostructures and devices play a major role in their thermoelectric performance. Unfortunately, currently most thermoelectric measurements probe the aggregate characteristics of the device as a whole, failing to observe the effects of the local variations and internal structure. Such variations can be caused by local defects, geometry, electrical contacts or interfaces and often substantially influence thermoelectric properties, most profoundly in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here, we use Scanning Thermal Gate Microscopy (STGM), a non-invasive method not requiring an electrical contact between the nanoscale tip and the probed sample, to obtain nanoscale resolution 2D maps of the thermovoltage in graphene samples. We investigate a junction formed between single-layer and bilayer graphene and identify the impact of internal strain and Fermi level pinning by the contacts using a deconvolution method to directly map the local Seebeck coefficient. The new approach paves the way for an in-depth understanding of thermoelectric behaviour and phenomena in 2D materials nanostructures and devices.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures
Monitoring Quantum Simulators via Quantum Non-Demolition Couplings to Atomic Clock Qubits
Creators: name: Vasilyev, Denis V.
name: Grankin, Andrey
name: Baranov, Mikhail A.
name: Sieberer, Lukas M.
name: Zoller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss monitoring the time evolution of an analog quantum simulator via a quantum non-demolition (QND) coupling to an auxiliary `clock' qubit. The QND variable of interest is the `energy' of the quantum many-body system, represented by the Hamiltonian of the quantum simulator. We describe a physical implementation of the underlying QND Hamiltonian for Rydberg atoms trapped in tweezer arrays using laser dressing schemes for a broad class of spin models. As an application, we discuss a quantum protocol for measuring the spectral form factor of quantum many-body systems, where the aim is to identify signatures of ergodic vs. non-ergodic dynamics, which we illustrate for disordered 1D Heisenberg and Floquet spin models on Rydberg platforms. Our results also provide the physical ingredients for running quantum phase estimation protocols for measurement of energies, and preparation of energy eigenstates for a specified spectral resolution on an analog quantum simulator.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PRX Quantum
Differences in qualitative aspects of broiler meat demand in Spain. Part 1: Home Consumption
Creators: name: Colom, Ale
name: Gosalvez, M.
name: Clop-Gallart, M. Merce
name: Averos, X.
name: Juarez, L.
name: Gosalvez, L.
name: Colom, Ale
name: Gosalvez, M.
name: Clop-Gallart, M. Merce
name: Averos, X.
name: Juarez, L.
name: Gosalvez, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Home demand
subject: Broiler
subject: Meat Consumption

description: To know the Spanish homes reasons of purchasing broiler meat a survey of 1,000 families, by means of a 13 question interview, was carried out during 2007. After processing the information it was concluded that Spanish families purchase food an average of 2.34 times/week, 95% of which do not exceed 100 € and, with the exception of more than 400 € purchases, in more than 90% of which broiler meat accounts for more than 14% of the spent budget. Broiler meat is bought near home, in butcher’s shops or supermarkets, with purchases via telephone or the internet being marginal. The main declared benefits of consuming broiler meat were the low fat content, being a healthy meat, and being proper in a healthy diet. Surprisingly, 72% of interviewees did not see any benefit in chicken meat or did not answer to that question, contrasting with the fact that only 20% of interviewees admitted low price as a benefit. Most of the Spanish families do not feel influenced by the media and/or advertising campaigns, what would support the hypothesis that they purchase broiler meat as a “shelter product”, due to its quality and price competitiveness.
Business cycles in Mexico and the United States: Do they share common movements?
Creators: name: Herrera Hernandez, Jorge
name: Herrera Hernandez, Jorge
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: time series models
subject: U.S. GDP
subject: Mexican GDP

description: In this document I apply a recently developed econometric technique to prove the existence of common movements between time series. Said methodology is used to test and measure the existence of common cycles between the economies of Mexico and the United States for the 1993-2001 period. It is found that both economies share a common trend and a common cycle. Also, given the existence of one common cycle between these economies, it is found that transitory shocks affecting Mexico’s GDP are more important than when a conventional trend-cycle decomposition methodology is applied. Finally, it is shown that there are efficiency gains in forecasting by considering the common cycle restriction in a bivariate vector error correction model that includes the Mexican and the U.S. GDPs.
Consumer preferences and labelling: an empirical analysis of the beef sector in Italy
Creators: name: Banterle, Alessandro
name: Stanieri, S.
name: Banterle, Alessandro
name: Stanieri, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: traceability
subject: meat
subject: consumer preferences
subject: logit

description: Within the framework of European food safety measures, Reg. 1760/2000 and 1825/2000 have introduced mandatory traceability and relevant labeling into the beef sector. The paper analyses whether information on meat labels can be considered a useful instrument for consumers, facilitating the verification of quality. The purpose of the paper is, first, to evaluate if meat information is used during food purchase. Second, focusing on specific meat information, we assess the interest of consumer for some mandatory and voluntary information cues and identify the determinants affecting the use of them. Data were collected by a survey conducted in the Lombardy, region of the northern Italy, and employed a telephone questionnaire. The sample is composed by 1,025 consumers. We estimate 4 models based on the literature and for all the equations we used a binary logit model. The analyses revealed that meat label is widely used by Italian consumers in the formulation of their purchasing preferences. The use of the meat label is also positively connected to consumer attention towards quality signaling such as certification, expiry date and so on. The origin is confirmed to be an important information for a large part of interviewed. Among the voluntary information the system of cattle breeding is related to a consumer who pays particular attention in general to quality indicators whereas the cattle feeding seems to interest young consumers with high level of education.
Supplemental.pdf from Phenotypic selection through cell death: stochastic modelling of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase dynamics
Creators: name: Lasri, Ayoub
name: Juric, Viktorija
name: Maité Verreault
name: Bielle, Franck
name: Idbaih, Ahmed
name: Kel, Alexander
name: Brona Murphy
name: Sturrock, Marc
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental material
Reservation app heuristic
Creators: name: rojas, ivan
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The restaurant business, as with all businesses, typically maintain higher orders of complexity in lieu of and proportional to the number of clients coming in with respect to the number of employees at hand to satisfy and fulfill customer requests/orders via point-of-sale systems as TouchBistro, Toast, etc. For brevity, we will focus on TouchBistro.
Testing forward exchange rate unbiasedness efficiently: A semiparametric approach
Creators: name: Hodgson, Douglas J.
name: Linton, Oliver
name: Vorkink, Keith
name: Hodgson, Douglas J.
name: Linton, Oliver
name: Vorkink, Keith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: forward exchange market
subject: time series econometrics
subject: nonparametric statistics

description: We apply semiparametric efficient estimation procedures for a seemingly unrelated regression model where the multivariate error density is elliptically symmetric to study the efficiency of the foreign exchange market. We consider both cointegrating regressions and standard stationary regressions. The elliptical symmetry assumption allows us to avoid the curse of dimensionality problem that typically arises in multivariate semiparametric estimation procedures, because the multivariate elliptically symmetric density function can be written as a function of a scalar transformation of the observed multivariate data. We test the unbiasedness hypothesis on both weekly and daily exchange rate data and strongly reject unbiasedness at the weekly horizon, but fail to reject the unbiasedness hypothesis on the daily data. Estimates of the semiparametric procedure in some cases differ substantially from traditional OLS estimates.
Factors Associated to Purchase of Quality-Labelled Beef
Creators: name: Sepulveda, Wilmer S.
name: Maza Rubio, M.T.
name: Mantecon, Angel R.
name: Sepulveda, Wilmer S.
name: Maza Rubio, M.T.
name: Mantecon, Angel R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: beef quality
subject: quality label
subject: consumer perception

description: The aim of the present study is to identify the factors associated to purchase of quality-labelled beef. For this purpose a total of 364 surveys were carried out on buyers of beef in three Spanish cities. The sample was divided into three groups of buyers according to the beef purchasing habits with a quality label. A logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the differences between groups. The results show the importance of the production region as a quality aspect. Income level, association of quality-labelled beef with “guarantee and tradition” aspects, purchasing frequency, place of purchase, production systems and lifestyles are all variables that enabled us to establish differences between groups.
Consumer Cohorts and Milk Purchases
Creators: name: Gustavsen, Geir Waehler
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Gustavsen, Geir Waehler
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Milk
subject: Purchases
subject: Cohorts

description: Fluid milk is the most important product of Norwegian agriculture, and the decline in milk purchase has impact in many rural communities. By decomposing the milk purchase into cohort effects, age effects and year effects we show that the reason for the decline is that older generations purchase more milk than younger generations, and during lifetime consumption decline with age. Consequently, as younger generations replace older generations milk purchase decline. We show that towards 2021 the milk purchase will continue to fall.
An Electromagnetic Approach to Cavity Spintronics
Creators: name: Macêdo, Rair
name: Holland, Rory C.
name: Baity, Paul G.
name: McLellan, Luke J.
name: Livesey, Karen L.
name: Stamps, Robert L.
name: Weides, Martin P.
name: Bozhko, Dmytro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fields of cavity quantum electrodynamics and magnetism have recently merged into \textit{`cavity spintronics'}, investigating a quasiparticle that emerges from the strong coupling between standing electromagnetic waves confined in a microwave cavity resonator and the quanta of spin waves, magnons. This phenomenon is now expected to be employed in a variety of devices for applications ranging from quantum communication to dark matter detection. To be successful, most of these applications require a vast control of the coupling strength, resulting in intensive efforts to understanding coupling by a variety of different approaches. Here, the electromagnetic properties of both resonator and magnetic samples are investigated to provide a comprehensive understanding of the coupling between these two systems. Because the coupling is a consequence of the excitation vector fields, which directly interact with magnetisation dynamics, a highly-accurate electromagnetic perturbation theory is employed which allows for predicting the resonant hybrid mode frequencies for any field configuration within the cavity resonator, without any fitting parameters. The coupling is shown to be strongly dependent not only on the excitation vector fields and sample's magnetic properties but also on the sample's shape. These findings are illustrated by applying the theoretical framework to two distinct experiments: a magnetic sphere placed in a three-dimensional resonator, and a rectangular, magnetic prism placed on a two-dimensional resonator. The theory provides comprehensive understanding of the overall behaviour of strongly coupled systems and it can be easily modified for a variety of other systems.
Web‐Based Library Services in Selected Central University Libraries of India: A Study
Creators: name: Library Bennett
name: Ahmed, Jamil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: World Wide Web (WWW) and Internet becomes a new media of libraries for information storage and information providing with greater speed and economy. This paper discusses on the use of web-based library services available in some selected central University Library in India and examines how central university libraries provides web-based access to its collections and user support for that access and the problems faced by the users in accessing web-based library services. This paper will also find out some recommendations for increasing the effective use of web-based library services.
Measuring Support to Agriculture in a Transition Economy in the Southern Balkans: The case of FYR Macedonia
Creators: name: Ericson, Tina
name: Pelling, Erik
name: Surry, Yves R.
name: Ericson, Tina
name: Pelling, Erik
name: Surry, Yves R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Producer support estimate (PSE)
subject: FYR Macedonia
subject: trade protection

description: As a candidate country to the EU and a member of the WTO there is a need for a comprehensive, transparent and internationally comparable assessment of the support to agriculture in Macedonia. OECD that has been measuring support to agriculture on a yearly basis, in its member countries as well as some other countries since the mid-1980s, offers a good tool for such a task. The method is known for its most important indicator, the Producer Support Estimate (PSE). Using this method, data on Macedonian agricultural policy measures, in place – partly or entirely - for the period 1999 to 2004, have been gathered and categorized in order to arrive at an estimate of the level of support.
Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture in Kyiv (Ukraine): "Crisis Induced Strategy" versus Recreational Resource
Creators: name: Komirenko, Z.
name: Hoermann, D.M.
name: Komirenko, Z.
name: Hoermann, D.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Urban and peri-urban agriculture
subject: livelihood
subject: Ukraine

description: For the study 240 Kyiv households with urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) have been surveyed in 2005. Quotas were assigned to four different types of plots. A standardized questionnaire was developed to collect data on crop and animal production, inputs, sales of produce for income, importance of the plot for self-sufficiency, recreation and leisure time. A factor analysis is employed to reduce attitudinal data. Based on factor scores a cluster analysis is conducted to segment the respondents into more homogeneous groups and to show multiple purposes of UPA. Four clusters labeled as “Seekers of leisure activities”, “UPA-dependent growers”, “Recreation-oriented growers” and “Little engaged growers” are created. Multiple purposes of UPA are shown by profiling the clusters due to demographic, socioeconomic and other selected characteristics. The results show that depending on the type of plot the importance of UPA shifts from livelihood necessity to recreational resource or combines both.
Dynamically Generated Resonances in the Chiral Unitary Approach to Meson Baryon Interaction
Creators: name: Oset, E.
name: Sarkar, S.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk we report on the use of a chiral unitary approach for the interaction of the octets of meson and baryon and the octet of mesons with the decuplet of baryons. Two octets of $J^π=1/2^-$ baryon states and a singlet are generated dynamically in the first case, resulting in the case of strangeness $S=-1$ in two poles of the scattering matrix close to the nominal $Λ(1405)$ resonance. In the second case many resonances are also generated, among them an exotic baryon with S=1 corresponding to a $ΔK$ resonance. We make suggestions of experiments which could show evidence for the existence of these states.
description: Talk at the MENU04 Symposium, Beijing, September 2004
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN GHANA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Creators: name: Donkor Tetteh Daniel
name: Kozlov Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2021
Subjects: FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMETRICS
WEST AFRICAN SUB-REGION
GHANA

description: The importance of this paper is defined by utmost need to identify ways, factors and tools providing higher living standards for the whole population of African countries which can be based on sustainable economic development. The goal of the study is to critically assess the impact of a such important factor as foreign investment on economic growth in Ghana located in West African sub-region. The study employed Johansen cointegration, Augmented Dicky-Fuller, and the Auto Regressive Distribution lag econometrics technique to produce robust findings. Results from the study showed that foreign investment drives economic growth in the long but in the short run it fosters minimal or insignificant growth. The study recommends that the government should adopt strategies that will attract more local investors to boost the country’s productivity, mergers and joint ventures. Backward and forward linkages to rapidly drive sectoral growth and also liberalized market entry policies to offer open and reliable conditions for local and foreign investors. The tasks of infrastructural development are highlighted, in particular, the formation of a qualified labor market and the formation of a system of tax incentives for investors. The authors formulated the limitations of the study.
Aquaculture technology adoption in Kapasia Thana, Bangladesh: some preliminary results from farm record-keeping data
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin
name: Abdur Rab, M.
name: Bimbao, Mary Ann P.
name: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin
name: Abdur Rab, M.
name: Bimbao, Mary Ann P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Aquaculture systems
subject: Technology transfer
subject: Small scale aquaculture

description: A report on the adoption by target farmers of three aquaculture technologies in Kapasia Thana, Bangladesh. Preliminary results indicate that there were significant changes in fish production and resource use by farmer-cooperators from their previous practices.
Tidal Oscillations of Rotating Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Lee, Umin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate small amplitude gravitational and thermal tides of uniformly rotating hot Jupiters composed of a nearly isentropic convective core and a geometrically thin radiative envelope. We treat the fluid in the convective core as a viscous fluid and solve linearized Navier Stokes equations to obtain tidal responses of the core, assuming that the Ekman number ${\rm Ek}$ is a constant parameter. In the radiative envelope, we take account of the effects of radiative dissipations on the responses. The properties of tidal responses depend on thermal timescales $τ_*$ in the envelope and Ekman number Ek in the core and on weather the forcing frequency $ω$ is in the inertial range or not, where the inertial range is defined by $|ω|\le2Ω$ for the rotation frequency $Ω$. If ${\rm Ek}\gtrsim 10^{-7}$, the viscous dissipation in the core is dominating the thermal contributions in the envelope for $τ_*\gtrsim 1$ day. If ${\rm Ek}\lesssim 10^{-7}$, however, the viscous dissipation is comparable to or smaller than the thermal contributions and the envelope plays an important role to determine the tidal torques. If the forcing is in the inertial range, frequency resonance of the tidal forcing with core inertial modes significantly affects the tidal torques, producing numerous resonance peaks of the torque. Depending on the sign of the torque in the peaks, we suggest that there exist cases in which the resonance with core inertial modes hampers the process of synchronization between the spin and orbital motion of the planets.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 18 pages, 11 figures
THE GENERATIONAL TURNOVER IN AGRICULTURE: THE AGEING DYNAMICS AND THE EU SUPPORT POLICIES TO YOUNG FARMERS
Creators: name: Carbone, Anna
name: Subioli, Giovanna
name: Carbone, Anna
name: Subioli, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Young farmers
subject: generational turnover
subject: Rural Development
subject: CAP

description: The scarce presence of young farmers is commonly considered one of the main weak points in the competitiveness of European agriculture. Firstly, the lack of young farmers puts under risk the survival of the sector itself, given that the main effect of an inadequate rate of generational turnover is that the exit of farms from the sector for ageing is not balanced by the entry of new farms run by young farmers. Secondly, the competitiveness of the sector suffer from the lower investment and innovation propensity of elder farmers. For these reasons, and also to slow down the pace of depopulation in most remote rural areas, the EU has always support the entry of young entrepreneurs in the primary sector. With the more recent CAP reforms, the main effort in this matter has been that of stressing the ties between the economic incentives for young farmers and the process of farm diversification and structural change within the more general framework of rural development, according to which is the rural area vitality as a whole that requires a positive demographic trend. In spite of the evident effort of the EU to this end, the effectiveness of the policy tools on the table is still quite debatable. In particular, it is questioned whether the “new” farms that benefitted by the aid can be really considered as the “outcome” of the financial support. The paper opens with a comparative description of the ageing process in the primary sector of the main EU Member States, with the double goal of showing its evolution and offering an updated picture of the issue. The dynamic of the process is caught by the construction of the migratory balances calculated for 5 age brackets. The second step is to show the available data on the implementation of the measure in favour of young farmers included in the Rural Development Programmes for the 2000-2006 planning period with a specific focus on the Italian case. This provides some evidences and hints of reflection about the effectiveness of this policy in the light of which the novelties of Reg. 1783/03 are discussed. Furthermore, the paper provides a short summary of the main contents of the resolution approved by the European Parliament on the 5th June 2008. The document, while acknowledging the persistent problem within European agriculture, moves an open and specific criticism not only to the scarce efficacy displayed by the CAP in counteracting the problem, but also points out the role that the CAP actively played in contributing to cause this situation. Some concluding remarks are given in the last section.
Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC
Creators: name: Brunbauer, F. M.
name: Chatterjee, C.
name: Cicala, G.
name: Cicuttin, A.
name: Ciliberti, P.
name: Crespo, M. L.
name: D`Ago, D.
name: Torre, S. Dalla
name: Dasgupta, S.
name: Gregori, M.
name: Ligonzo, T.
name: Levorato, S.
name: Lisowska, M.
name: Menon, G.
name: Tessarotto, F.
name: Ropelewski, L.
name: Triloki
name: Valentini, A.
name: Velardi, L.
name: Zhao, Y. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing gaseous photon detectors for Cherenkov imaging applications in the experiments at the future Electron Ion Collider. CsI, converting photons in the far ultraviolet range, is, so far, the only photoconverter compatible with the operation of gaseous detectors. It is very delicate to handle due to its hygroscopic nature: the absorbed water vapour decomposes the CsI molecule. In addition, its quantum efficiency degrades under ion bombardment. These are the key reasons to quest for novel, less delicate materials for photocathodes adequate for gaseous photon detectors. Layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond particles have recently been proposed as an alternative material and have shown promising characteristics. The performance of nanodiamond photocathodes coupled to thick GEM-based detectors is the object of our ongoing R\&D. The first phase of these studies includes the characterization of thick GEM coated with nanodiamond layers and the robustness of its photoconverting properties with respect to the bombardment by ions from the multiplication process in the gaseous detector. The approach is described in detail as well as all the results obtained so far within these exploratory studies.
Sc substitution for Mg in MgB2: effects on Tc and Kohn anomaly
Creators: name: Agrestini, S.
name: Metallo, C.
name: Filippi, M.
name: Simonelli, L.
name: Campi, G.
name: Sanipoli, C.
name: Liarokapis, E.
name: De Negri, S.
name: Giovannini, M.
name: Saccone, A.
name: Latini, A.
name: Bianconi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report synthesis and characterization of Mg_{1-x}Sc_{x}B_{2} (0.12T_{c}>6 K. We find that the Sc doping moves the chemical potential through the 2D/3D electronic topological transition (ETT) in the sigma band where the ``shape resonance" of interband pairing occurs. In the 3D regime beyond the ETT we observe a hardening of the E_{2g} Raman mode with a significant line-width narrowing due to suppression of the Kohn anomaly over the range 0
description: 8 pages, 4 EPS figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Vector Fields and Paul Klee -- A Summer School Course for gifted High-School Students
Creators: name: Skrodzki, Martin
name: Lipschütz, Henriette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The artist Paul Klee describes and analyzes his use of symbols and colors in his book "Pädagogisches Skizzenbuch" (pedagogical sketchbook, 1925). He uses arrows for means of illustrations and also discusses the arrow itself as an element of his repertoire of symbols. Interestingly, his point of view on arrows matches the way in which vector fields are represented graphically. Based on this connection of mathematics and Klee's artwork, we developed a concept for a summer school course for gifted high-school students. Its aim was to both introduce the participants to higher-level mathematics and to let them create their own piece of artwork related to the art of Paul Klee and vector fields. This article elaborates on the connection between Klee's art and mathematics. It furthermore presents details of the summer course and an evaluation of its goals, including resulting artwork from participating students.
Eikonal amplitudes for three-hard legs processes at finite-N$_c$
Creators: name: Khelifa-Kerfa, Kamel
name: Delenda, Yazid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our previous work on scattering amplitudes [1] to hadron collisions. We provide a general formalism for the computation of eikonal amplitudes squared for the radiation of soft and energy-ordered gluons off three hard-legs at finite-N$_c$ to any order in the perturbative expansion. Examples of three-hard legs processes include vector/Higgs boson production in association with a single hard jet and dijet production in DIS. Explicit expressions for the radiation of up to four gluons are provided as an illustration of the formalism.
description: 6 pages. Published version
Innovations in Index Insurance for the Poor in Lower Income Countries
Creators: name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Skees, Jerry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: index insurance
subject: financial innovation for the poor
subject: weather insurance
subject: correlated risk
subject: poverty trap
subject: ex ante risk managemen

description: This article focuses on innovation in weather insurance designed to fit the special circum-stances of the poor in lower income countries where rural and agricultural financial markets are largely underdeveloped. Index insurance is an innovation that circumvents many of the fundamental problems that hamper the development of insurance for weather risks in lower in-come countries. With index insurance, payments are made based upon an objective and inde-pendent index that serves as a proxy for significant losses to crops, livestock, or other prop-erty. For example, the index can be based upon extreme rainfall measures that create either drought or flooding. Weather stations or even satellite imagery coupled with computer models can be used to create reliable “indexes” as the basis of payments. This article reviews this innovation by providing the background for its development and the motivation for using the innovation for the poor.
Globalization and corporatization : the evolving nature of education
Creators: name: Rodricks, Warren
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between globalization, corporations, and education. Using the combined methods of Critical Autoethnography and Critical Discourse Analysis, this paper attempts to offer hope and alternatives to the current corporate-global order we find ourselves in. Five key areas are explored through the course of this paper. First, this paper studies the phenomenon known as globalization. Second, this paper studies the history of corporate interest in education. The need to situate such interests in the past is necessary in developing the pattern of domination that corporations have implicated themselves in regarding the educational community. Third, this paper explores the roots of globalization, that is, colonization. The colonization of earlier years is examined in comparison with the globalization of today. Essential to such a study is the impact upon North American indigenous populations as one of the original groups to experience colonization and now globalization. Of great significance is the alternative that First Nations educational beliefs offer to education. Fourth, this paper,as a case study, examines a more contemporary issue, and that is the contract that the University of British Columbia, The Alma Mater Society of The University of British Columbia, and Coca-Cola Bottling Ltd. signed in 1995. Exploration of the contract and its implications provides an opportunity to explore the dangers between corporate and educational partnerships. Finally, this paper focuses in on activities of dissent towards the current corporate-global order and how these signs of dissent equate into hope for a different tomorrow.
Double Beta Decay of $^{100}$Mo to Excited Final States
Creators: name: Hornish, M. J.
name: De Braeckeleer, L.
name: Barabash, A. S.
name: Umatov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of the inclusive ($0ν+2ν$) double beta ($ββ$) decay of $^{100}$Mo to various excited final states of $^{100}$Ru was performed. Utilizing two large HPGe detectors operated in coincidence, a search for the subsequent deexcitation gamma-gamma cascades was conducted. A 1.05-kg sample of isotopically enriched (98.4%) $^{100}$Mo was investigated for 455 days, yielding an unambiguous observation of the double beta decay of $^{100}$Mo to the $0_1^+$ state (1130.3 keV) of $^{100}$Ru. This excited final state decays via the $0_1^+ \to 2_1^+ \to 0_{gs}^+$ sequence (with $E_{\gamma1}$ = 590.8 keV and $E_{\gamma2}$ = 539.5 keV), and 22 such coincidence events were detected, with a continuous background estimated to be 2.5 events. This counting rate corresponds to a decay half-life for the $ββ($0^+ rightarrow 0_1^+)$ transition of $T_{1/2}^{(0ν+2ν)} = [ 6.0^{+1.9}_{-1.1} (\rm{stat}) \pm 0.6(\rm{syst})] \times 10^{20}$ years. Lower limits on decay half-lives were achieved for higher excited final states.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Physical Review C
Environmental and Natural Resource Economists, Great Research, and the National Science Foundation
Creators: name: O'Connor, Robert E.
name: O'Connor, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: natural resource economists
subject: National Science Foundation
subject: research funding opportunities

description: Environmental and natural resource economists could be more effectively engaged in great re-search on exciting issues in environmental and natural resource management. After identifying possible obstacles to improved research, the article focuses on opportunities and obstacles as-sociated with obtaining funding from the National Science Foundation. Opportunities abound, both ongoing and in the future, for interdisciplinary work involving environmental and natural resource economists. Keys to exploiting these opportunities for funding include a willingness to face rejection, build teams, contact program officers with specific questions, write detailed research designs, and prepare proposals that promise to go beyond narrow incremental advances.
Does blood type affect the COVID-19 infection pattern?
Creators: name: Miotto, Mattia
name: Di Rienzo, Lorenzo
name: Gosti, Giorgio
name: Milanetti, Edoardo
name: Ruocco, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the many aspects that characterize the COVID-19 pandemic, two seem particularly challenging to understand: (i) the great geographical differences in the degree of virus contagiousness and lethality which were found in the different phases of the epidemic progression, and (ii) the potential role of the infected people's blood type in both the virus infectivity and the progression of the disease. A recent hypothesis could shed some light on both aspects. Specifically, it has been proposed that in the subject-to-subject transfer SARS-CoV-2 conserves on its capsid the erythrocytes' antigens of the source subject. Thus these conserved antigens can potentially cause an immune reaction in a receiving subject that has previously acquired specific antibodies for the source subject antigens. This hypothesis implies a blood type-dependent infection rate. The strong geographical dependence of the blood type distribution could be, therefore, one of the factors at the origin of the observed heterogeneity in the epidemics spread. Here, we present an epidemiological deterministic model where the infection rules based on blood types are taken into account and compare our model outcomes with the exiting worldwide infection progression data. We found an overall good agreement, which strengthens the hypothesis that blood types do play a role in the COVID-19 infection.
description: 6 figures, 4 tables
Sub-millimeter images of a dusty Kuiper belt around eta Corvi
Creators: name: Wyatt, M. C.
name: Greaves, J. S.
name: Dent, W. R. F.
name: Coulson, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sub-millimeter and mid-infrared images of the circumstellar disk around the nearby F2V star eta Corvi. The disk is resolved at 850um with a size of ~100AU. At 450um the emission is found to be extended at all position angles, with significant elongation along a position angle of 130+-10deg; at the highest resolution (9.3") this emission is resolved into two peaks which are to within the uncertainties offset symmetrically from the star at 100AU projected separation. Modeling the appearance of emission from a narrow ring in the sub-mm images shows the observed structure cannot be caused by an edge-on or face-on axisymmetric ring; the observations are consistent with a ring of radius 150+-20AU seen at 45+-25deg inclination. More face-on orientations are possible if the dust distribution includes two clumps similar to Vega; we show how such a clumpy structure could arise from the migration over 25Myr of a Neptune mass planet from 80-105AU. The inner 100AU of the system appears relatively empty of sub-mm emitting dust, indicating that this region may have been cleared by the formation of planets, but the disk emission spectrum shows that IRAS detected an additional hot component with a characteristic temperature of 370+-60K (implying a distance of 1-2AU). At 11.9um we found the emission to be unresolved with no background sources which could be contaminating the fluxes measured by IRAS. The age of this star is estimated to be ~1Gyr. It is very unusual for such an old main sequence star to exhibit significant mid-IR emission. The proximity of this source makes it a perfect candidate for further study from optical to mm wavelengths to determine the distribution of its dust.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. Scheduled for publication in ApJ 10 February 2005 issue
Estimation of Post-Harvest Losses in Kinnow Mandarin in Punjab Using a Modified Formula
Creators: name: Gangwar, L.S.
name: Singh, Dinesh
name: Singh, D.B.
name: Gangwar, L.S.
name: Singh, Dinesh
name: Singh, D.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study undertaken in Punjab on kinnow mandarin has suggested to include marketing loss in the estimation of marketing margins, price spread and efficiency and has used a modified formula for it. It has been observed that a majority of kinnow producers sell their orchards to the pre-harvest contractors/ traders at different stages. The aggregate post-harvest losses from orchards to consumers in kinnow in two different markets ranges from 14.87 per cent in Delhi market to 21.91 per cent in Bangalore market. It has indicated the necessity of establishing kinnow processing industries for development of value-added ready-to-serve (RTS) quality products, minimizing post-harvest losses and providing remunerative price to the producers. The results have emphasized that efforts should be made to adopt improved packaging techniques, cushioning material and cold storage facilities at the retail level. The producer’s share in consumer’s price as estimated by old method has been found higher in local market than Bangalore and Delhi markets, largely because of lower marketing costs and profit margins of traders. The inclusion of marketing loss in the estimation of marketing margins, price spread and efficiency has indicated that the old estimation method unduly over-states the farmers’ net price and profit margins to the market middlemen. It is appropriate to use modified method for the estimation of marketing margins and price spread.
Supersingular primes for points on $X_0(p)/w_p$
Creators: name: Jao, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05

description: For small odd primes $p$, we prove that most of the rational points on the modular curve $X_0(p)/w_p$ parametrize pairs of elliptic curves having infinitely many supersingular primes. This result extends the class of elliptic curves for which the infinitude of supersingular primes is known. We give concrete examples illustrating how these techniques can be explicitly used to construct supersingular primes for such elliptic curves. Finally, we discuss generalizations to points defined over larger number fields and indicate the types of obstructions that arise for higher level modular curves.
Groundwater Marketing in Nalanda District of Bihar State: A Socio-economic Appraisal
Creators: name: Singh, Kumar Anish
name: Chaudhary, A.K.
name: Sinha, D.K.
name: Singh, Kumar Anish
name: Chaudhary, A.K.
name: Sinha, D.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The cost and marketing of groundwater have been assessed in the Nalanda district, which is one of the most agriculturally advanced districts of the Bihar state. For the study, 60 farmers have been randomly selected from the district. It has been found that small and marginal farms use their tubewells mainly for hiring, whereas, large and medium farms use them mainly for their own purposes during the main crop seasons, i.e. kharif and rabi. The average installation cost on a tubewell has been found highest on large size of holdings (Rs 33,130), followed by medium (Rs 27,240), small (Rs 23,850), and marginal (Rs 19,610) holdings. The capital budgeting techniques, viz. net present value (NPV), benefit-cost ratio (B:C ratio) and internal rate of return (IRR) have been used for evaluating the investment on tubewells. The NPV has been found positive (Rs 1440) and B:C ratio more than one (1.05:1). The IRR has been estimated to be more than the capital cost (10.95%). But, the tubewells have failed to generate income flow equal to the investment by marginal farms. Farm size-wise analysis has revealed that the owner-seller farms category predominates in the water market in the study area. The participation in water market has been found to decline with increase in the size of farms. Financial analysis has revealed that the installation of tubewells is financially viable on large and medium farms but not on small and marginal farms. However, with the development of water market in the area, adoption of modern technologies in crop production and cultivation of cash crops would make the installation of tubewells on marginal and small size of farms financially viable.
Who Gains and Who Loses in the Game of Groundwater Markets in Water-scarce Regions
Creators: name: Singh, Dalbir
name: Singh, Dalbir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The rights to groundwater belong to the landowner. Therefore, access to this resource is privy to well-to-do farmers and is beyond the reach of resource-poor farmers. The only option left with them is water markets. The present study has aimed at understanding the operations of groundwater markets in fragile conditions and has identified the losers and gainers in the game of water markets in the long-run. It has been found that water markets mitigate inequalities in accessibility to groundwater resource in the short-run. But, faster and excessive use of groundwater may increase inequity among the farming community in the long-run. In water-scarce regions, water markets function on the principles of profit maximization. The different strategies are adopted to make groundwater available for sale. The water markets operate under monopsonic conditions. The terms and conditions of groundwater markets, i.e. kind or cash, vary differently across the regions. The study has suggested that water rights should be redefined and nationalization of groundwater resource is the only alternative for its sustainable management. To restrict the overexploitation of aquifers, water trading should be allowed in a limited manner. Programmes for recharging aquifer should be initiated on a large scale. A community-based action is required for the efficient use of water resources in water-scarce conditions through effective institutional arrangement.
Deep learning of matrix product states
Creators: name: Howard, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Machine learning and especially deep learning ar-chitectures provide a fresh perspective on the study of many body physics phenomena. In this paper, we employ Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) to represent quantum many-body states and find connections that can be made useful to quantum many-body physics research, ultimately leading to a better understanding of the fundamental nature of entanglement entropy in quantum physics. In this work, we establish the conditions for translating RBMs into Matrix Product States (MPS), showing that deep learning algorithms can be exploited as a powerful tool for an efficient representation of quantum states. We present an algorithm for mapping an RBM into an MPS, with a specific proof for Ising model. We discuss the upper entropy bound and entanglement properties resulting from such a connection, together with the consequences of our results in a broader context.
Economic Analysis of Sub-Surface Drainage under Indira Gandhi Nahar Priyojna Command Area - A Case Study
Creators: name: Shekhawat, R.S.
name: Shekhawat, R.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper has attempted to ascertain whether the sub-surface drainage (SSD) in waterlogged and saline lands of Indira Gandhi Nahar Priyojna Command area is a cost-effective technique. The study has shown that waterlogging adversely affects crop yields. The cost on SSD installation in the command area comes out to be Rs 23767 per hectare. The returns on crop yields before and after the drainage system have been compared. Land utilization has been intensified after the installation of drainage, as a sizeable area of formerly fallow land has been brought under cultivation. The B-C ratio and the NPV have been found as 2.44 and Rs 34275/ha, respectively. The IRR has been found to be 25.88 per cent. These indicators have well established the financial feasibility of the project in the IGNP area.