Priopoda macrophyae Watanabe 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kyohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Priopoda
Priopoda macrophyae

description: Priopoda macrophyae sp. nov.
[New standard Japanese name: Kurohabachi-maru-himebachi]
(Figs 1 A–E, 2 A, B, D–F, 3 A–H, 4)
Type series. Holotype: F (KPMNH), JAPAN, Honshu, Iwate Pref., Takizawa City, Hanokisawayama, N39°46’06" E141°07’55", 2–13 Jul. 2014, M. Isono leg., emergence trap. Paratypes: 31 F & 17 M (10 F & 5 M: FFPRI; 11 F & 7 M: KPMNH; 10 F & 5 M: NARO), same data of holotype; 5 F & 17 M (KPMNH), ditto, 22 Jun.–2 Jul. 2014; 2 M (KPMNH), same locality of holotype, 14 May 2014 pupa of Macrophya satoi coll., 26 Jun. 2014 em.; 2 F (KPMNH), ditto, 27 Jun. 2014 em.; 1 F (KPMNH), ditto, 5 Jul. 2014 em.
Description. Female (n = 40). Body length 5.1–8.4 (HT: 7.9) mm, polished and covered with punctures and silver setae.
Head 0.65–0.75 (HT: 0.67) × as long as wide, densely punctate. Clypeus 2.2–2.3 (HT: 2.3) × as broad as high, rather sparsely punctate ventrally, almost flat dorsally in lateral view, lower margin thick in lateral view (Fig. 3 A). Face 1.9–2.1 (HT: 2.1) × as broad as high, slightly convex medially in lateral view. Maximum length of gena in lateral view 0.75–0.8 (HT: 0.75) × transverse eye diameter. Occipital carina complete. Length of malar space 0.6– 0.8 (HT: 0.8) × as long as basal mandibular width. Base of mandible with some transverse rugae (Fig. 3 A). Upper tooth of mandible short, 0.4 × as long as lower tooth. POL 0.6–0.7 (HT: 0.7) × as long as OD. OOL 1.6–1.8 (HT: 1.75) × as long as OD. Antenna with 35–39 (HT: 39) flagellomeres. FL I 1.2–1.35 (HT: 1.33) × as long as FL II.
Mesosoma densely punctate. Epomia absent (Fig. 2 A). Mesoscutum with weak notaulus, interspace of punctures densely coriaceous and dull. Epicnemial carina present laterally and ventrally. Interspace of punctures on mesopleuron smooth (Figs 2 A, B). Speculum with large smooth area (Figs 2 A, B). Propodeum punctate, with complete and strongly raised carinae (Figs 2 E, 3 E). Area superomedia longer than wide, received lateral section of anterior transverse carina anterior to middle (Figs 2 E, 3 E). Fore wing length 5.7–7.2 (HT: 7.1) mm. Areolet present, not petiolated, received vein 2m-cu slightly based of the outer angle (Fig. 3 C). Vein 2rs-m almost equal length to vein 3rs-m. Nervellus subvertical, intercepted near the middle. Tarsal claws pectinate (Fig. 3 D). Hind femur 5.1–5.4 (HT: 5.1) × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 4.6–4.8 (HT: 4.6): 2.0: 1.45–1.6 (HT: 1.45): 0.8–1.0 (HT: 0.8): 0.8–1.1 (HT: 0.8).
Metasoma coriaceous. T I 1.8–2.2 (HT: 2.18) × as long as maximum width, punctate (Fig. 2 F). T II 0.85–0.9 (HT: 0.85) × as long as maximum width, finely punctate (Fig. 2 F). Ovipositor sheath 0.26–0.29 (HT: 0.26) × as long as hind tibia, 0.5–0.6 (HT: 0.5) × as long as posterior depth of metasoma. Ovipositor with wide dorsal concavity, lover valve sharply narrowed apically (Fig. 3 H).
Coloration (Figs 1A–E, 2A, B, D–F). Body (excluding wings and legs) black.A pair of markings of frontal orbit, malar space, mandible except for basal spot and teeth, palpi, postero-dorsal corner of pronotum, tegula, membranous part of metasomal sternites, and ovipositor yellow to yellowish brown. Sclerotized part of metasomal sternites, base of T III, and ovipositor sheath tinged with yellowish brown to reddish brown. Ventral surface of antenna sometimes partly tinged with yellowish brown. Scutellum usually tinged with dark reddish brown. Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma blackish brown except for yellowish-brown wing base. Fore and mid legs whitish yellow to yellowish brown except for blackish brown coxae. Hind leg blackish brown except for trochanter, trochantellus, and tarsus more or less tinged with yellow (first tarsomere slightly darker than other tarsomeres). Hind tibial spurs yellowish brown.
Male (n = 36). Similar to female. Body length usually slightly shorter than female (minimum specimen: 4.9 mm). Clypeus 2.45–2.7 × as broad as high. Maximum length of gena in lateral view 0.7–0.9 × transverse ye diameter. T II 1.9–2.1 × as long as maximum width. Posterior margin of subgenital plate with two median concavities (Figs 3 F, G). Mandible, fore and mid coxae, and hind trochanter, trochantellus, and tarsus paler than female. Clypeus, face, and malar space entirely whitish yellow to yellow (sometimes median part of face darkened). Lower part of gena whitish yellow to yellow.
Distribution. Japan (Honshu).
Etymology. The species name is derived from the generic name of host.
Bionomics. Host: Macrophya satoi. Oviposition in larval stage of host. Adults oviposit several (max 10) eggs on a single host larva (Isono pers. comm.; Fig. 4). Adult wasps emerge from the pupal stage of the host and then the wasp emerges from the soil. Thus, this species is a koinobiont endoparasitoid.
Remarks. No specimens collected outside the type locality have found so far. Shinohara & Li (2015) and Shinohara (2020) recorded M. satoi from Hokkaido, Tokyo, and Nara Prefecture. Thus this species may be distributed in Hokkaido and northern and central parts of Honshu. The parasitism ratio of this species on the sawfly reached about 80% and is considered to be one of the main reasons for the end of the outbreak (Isono pers. comm.). This species is therefore an important natural enemy of M. satoi on F. japonica.
description: Published as part of Watanabe, Kyohei, 2023, Priopoda macrophyae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae), a new species of parasitoid of Macrophya satoi (Tenthredinidae), a serious pest of Japanese ash tree (Oleaceae), pp. 594-600 in Zootaxa 5352 (4) on pages 595-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/8426669