cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Limits on the Higgs boson lifetime and width from its decay to four charged leptons
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraints on the lifetime and width of the Higgs boson are obtained from H to ZZ to 4 lepton events using data recorded by the CMS experiment during the LHC run 1 with an integrated luminosity of 5.1 and 19.7 inverse femtobarns at a center-of-mass energy of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively. The measurement of the Higgs boson lifetime is derived from its flight distance in the CMS detector with an upper bound of tau[H] < 1.9E-13 s at the 95% confidence level (CL), corresponding to a lower bound on the width of Gamma[H] > 3.5E-9 MeV. The measurement of the width is obtained from an off-shell production technique, generalized to include anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson to two electroweak bosons. From this measurement, a joint constraint is set on the Higgs boson width and a parameter f[LQ] that expresses an anomalous coupling contribution as an on-shell cross-section fraction. The limit on the Higgs boson width is Gamma[H] < 46 MeV with f[LQ] unconstrained and Gamma[H] < 26 MeV for f[LQ] = 0 at the 95% CL. The constraint f[LQ] < 3.8E-3 at the 95% CL is obtained for the expected standard model Higgs boson width.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D. Published version
Reperfusion Beyond 6 Hours Reduces Infarct Probability in Moderately Ischemic Brain Tissue
Creators: name: Ford, Andria L.
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Powers, William J.
name: Eldeniz, Cihat
name: Chen, Yasheng
name: Lin, Weili
name: An, Hongyu
name: Vo, Katie D.
name: Lee, Jin-Moo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We aimed to examine perfusion changes between 3 and 6, and 6 and 24 hours after stroke onset and their impact on tissue outcome.
Code and data for ‘Fisheries track the future redistribution of marine species’
Creators: name: Cruz, Leonardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: The 'code and data.zip' file contain all the necessary data and code to reproduce the analyses.Code is also available at GitHub (https://github.com/leonardocruz37/Fishing-fleet-modeling.git)
This compressed file includes:The processed Global Fishing Watch data (2013-2020) | Source: https://globalfishingwatch.org/Exclusive Economic Zones boundaries shapefile version 12 | Source: https://marineregions.org/Environmental layers | Source: https://www.bio-oracle.org/Models outputAdditional files
Discovery of new 6-ureido/amidocoumarins as highly potent and selective inhibitors for the tumour-relevant carbonic anhydrases IX and XII
Creators: name: El-Damasy, Ashraf K.
name: Kim, Hyun Ji
name: Nocentini, Alessio
name: Seo, Seon Hee
name: Eldehna, Wagdy M.
name: Bang, Eun-Kyoung
name: Supuran, Claudiu T.
name: Keum, Gyochang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: A series of 6-ureido/amidocoumarins (5a–p and 7a–c) has been designed and synthesised to develop potent and isoform- selective carbonic anhydrase hCA XI and XII inhibitors. All coumarin derivatives were investigated for their CA inhibitory effect against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. Interestingly, target coumarins potently inhibited both tumour-related isoforms hCA IX (KIs: 14.7–82.4 nM) and hCA XII (KIs: 5.9–95.1 nM), whereas the cytosolic off-target hCA I and II isoforms have not inhibited by all tested coumarins up to 100 μM. These findings granted the target coumarins an excellent selectivity profile towards both hCA IX and hCA XII isoforms, supporting their development as promising anticancer candidates. Moreover, all target molecules were evaluated for their anticancer activities against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells. The 3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl ureidocoumarin 5i, exerted the best anticancer activity. Overall, ureidocoumarins, particularly compound 5i, could serve as a promising prototype for the development of potent anticancer CAIs.
Creating compliance in crisis: messages, messengers, and masking up in Britain
Creators: name: Anderson, Christopher J.
name: Hobolt, Sara B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: How do governments ensure public compliance with protective policies that restrict individual liberties during a crisis? In this article, the British public’s reaction to mask mandates during the Covid-19 pandemic is examined. We argue that providing information about health risks makes people more willing to comply and that the effectiveness of the information depends on the source. This argument is tested with the help of aggregate public opinion and individual-level experimental data collected in the UK in 2020 and we find that the British public adapted its willingness to wear a mask rapidly and in line with government regulation. Moreover, results from a survey experiment show that simply providing information about risk is sufficient to elevate people’s willingness to wear masks. Interestingly, there is no clear partisan divide in the willingness to comply, suggesting that government messages about risk and responsibility encourage individuals to make sacrifices in times of crisis regardless of which party they support.
Studying the neural representations of uncertainty
Creators: name: Walker, Edgar Y
name: Pohl, Stephan
name: Denison, Rachel N
name: Barack, David L
name: Lee, Jennifer
name: Block, Ned
name: Ma, Wei Ji
name: Meyniel, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The study of the brain's representations of uncertainty is a central topic in neuroscience. Unlike most quantities of which the neural representation is studied, uncertainty is a property of an observer's beliefs about the world, which poses specific methodological challenges. We analyze how the literature on the neural representations of uncertainty addresses those challenges and distinguish between "code-driven" and "correlational" approaches. Code-driven approaches make assumptions about the neural code for representing world states and the associated uncertainty. By contrast, correlational approaches search for relationships between uncertainty and neural activity without constraints on the neural representation of the world state that this uncertainty accompanies. To compare these two approaches, we apply several criteria for neural representations: sensitivity, specificity, invariance, functionality. Our analysis reveals that the two approaches lead to different, but complementary findings, shaping new research questions and guiding future experiments.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures. Nature Neuroscience (2023)
Virtual neutrino propagation at short baselines
Creators: name: Naumov, Vadim A.
name: Shkirmanov, Dmitry S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a covariant perturbative field-theoretical approach, the wave-packet modified neutrino propagator is expressed as an asymptotic expansion in powers of dimensionless Lorentz- and rotation-invariant variables. The expansion is valid at high energies and short but macroscopic space-time distances between the vertices of the proper Feynman macrodiagram. In terms of duality between the propagator and the effective neutrino wave packet, at short times and distances, neutrinos are deeply virtual and move quasiclassically. In the lowest-order approximation, this leads to the classical inverse-square dependence of the modulus squared flavor transition amplitude and related neutrino-induced event rate from distance $L$ between the source and detector, and the above-mentioned asymptotics results in the corrections to the classical behavior represented by powers of $L^2$. This is very different from the long-baseline regime, where similar corrections are given by an asymptotic expansion in inverse powers of $L^2$. However, in both short- and long-baseline regimes, the main corrections lead to a decrease in number of neutrino events.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Ellipticity control of terahertz high-harmonic generation in a Dirac semimetal
Creators: name: Germanskiy, Semyon
name: Dantas, Renato M. A.
name: Kovalev, Sergey
name: Reinhoffer, Chris
name: Mashkovich, Evgeny A.
name: van Loosdrecht, Paul H. M.
name: Yang, Yunkun
name: Xiu, Faxian
name: Surówka, Piotr
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Oka, Takashi
name: Wang, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on terahertz high-harmonic generation in a Dirac semimetal as a function of the driving-pulse ellipticity and on a theoretical study of the field-driven intraband kinetics of massless Dirac fermions.Very efficient control of third-harmonic yield and polarization state is achieved in electron-doped Cd$_3$As$_2$ thin films at room temperature. The observed tunability is understood as resulting from terahertz-field driven intraband kinetics of the Dirac fermions. Our study paves the way for exploiting nonlinear optical properties of Dirac matter for applications in signal processing and optical communications.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material included
Padé approximation for a class of hypergeometric functions and parametric geometry of numbers
Creators: name: Kawashima, Makoto
name: Poëls, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J72 (primary), 11J82, 11J61 (secondary)

description: In this article we obtain new irrationality measures for values of functions which belong to a certain class of hypergeometric functions including shifted logarithmic functions, binomial functions and shifted exponential functions. We explicitly construct Padé approximations by using a formal method and show that the associated sequences satisfy a Poincaré-type recurrence. To study precisely the asymptotic behavior of those sequences, we establish an \emph{effective} version of the Poincaré-Perron theorem. As a consequence we obtain, among others, effective irrationality measures for values of binomial functions at rational numbers, which might have useful arithmetic applications. A general theorem on simultaneous rational approximations that we need is proven by using new arguments relying on parametric geometry of numbers.
description: 33 pages, 1 table, minor corrections, references updated
Substantial Progress Yet Significant Opportunity for Improvement in Stroke Care in China
Creators: name: Li, Hao
name: Xian, Ying
name: Wang, Chunjuan
name: Wang, Yilong
name: Yang, Xiaomeng
name: Liang, Li
name: Zhang, Changqing
name: Wang, Anxin
name: Fonarow, Gregg C.
name: Hu, Bo
name: Wang, Yongjun
name: Pan, Yuesong
name: Wang, Chunxue
name: Yang, Qing
name: Liu, Liping
name: Peterson, Eric D.
name: Schwamm, Lee H.
name: Shen, Haipeng
name: Bettger, Janet
name: Wang, David
name: Jiang, Yong
name: Li, Zixiao
name: Zhao, Xingquan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke is a leading cause of death in China. Yet the adherence to guideline-recommended ischemic stroke performance metrics in the past decade has been previously shown to be suboptimal. Since then, several nationwide stroke quality management initiatives have been conducted in China. We sought to determine whether adherence had improved since then.

METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2 phases of China National Stroke Registries, which included 131 hospitals (12 173 patients with acute ischemic stroke) in China National Stroke Registries phase 1 from 2007 to 2008 versus 219 hospitals (19 604 patients) in China National Stroke Registries phase 2 from 2012 to 2013. Multiple regression models were developed to evaluate the difference in adherence to performance measure between the 2 study periods.

RESULTS: The overall quality of care has improved over time, as reflected by the higher composite score of 0.76 in 2012 to 2013 versus 0.63 in 2007 to 2008. Nine of 13 individual performance metrics improved. However, there were no significant improvements in the rates of intravenous thrombolytic therapy and anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation. After multivariate analysis, there remained a significant 1.17-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.21) increase in the odds of delivering evidence-based performance metrics in the more recent time periods versus older data. The performance metrics with the most significantly increased odds included stroke education, dysphagia screening, smoking cessation, and antithrombotics at discharge.

CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to stroke performance metrics has increased over time, but significant opportunities remain for further improvement. Continuous stroke quality improvement program should be developed as a national priority in China.
Spectropolarimetry and spectral decomposition of high-accreting Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Creators: name: Śniegowska, Marzena
name: Panda, Swayamtrupta
name: Czerny, Bożena
name: Savić, Đorge
name: Martínez-Aldama, Mary Loli
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Du, Pu
name: Popović, Luka Č.
name: Saraf, Chandra Shekhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies have been shown to have high Eddington ratios and relatively small black hole masses. The measurement of the black hole masses is based on the virial relation which is dependent on the distribution of the line-emitting gas and the viewing angle to the source. Spectropolarimetry enables us to probe the geometry of this line-emitting gas and allows us to estimate independently the viewing angle of the source by comparing the spectrum viewed under natural light and in the polarized light. We performed spectropolarimetric observations of three NLSy1 - Mrk 1044, SDSS J080101.41+184840.7, and IRAS 04416+1215 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. We use ESO Reflex workflow to perform standard data reduction and extract the natural and polarized spectra. We estimate the Stokes parameters and the viewing angles of the three sources. We model the Stokes parameters and infer the properties of the scattering media - located in the equatorial and polar regions, and simulate the spectra observed both in natural light and in polarized light using the polarization radiative transfer code STOKES. We confirm that all three sources are high Eddington ratio objects. We are successful in recovering the observed H$α$ line profile both in the natural and polarized light using the STOKES modelling. We recover the polarization fractions of the order of 0.2-0.5% for the three sources. Our principal component analysis shows that the sample of the 25 sources including our sources, Fairall 9 from Jiang et al. (2021), and sources from Capetti et al. (2021) are mainly driven by the black hole mass and Eddington ratio. We re-affirm the connection of the strength of the optical FeII emission with the Eddington ratio, but the dependence on the viewing angle is moderate, more like a secondary effect.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, 11 tables, to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, version after proofs
Deductive Verification of Parallel Programs Using Why3
Creators: name: Santos, César
name: Martins, Francisco
name: Vasconcelos, Vasco Thudichum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; F.3.1

description: The Message Passing Interface specification (MPI) defines a portable message-passing API used to program parallel computers. MPI programs manifest a number of challenges on what concerns correctness: sent and expected values in communications may not match, resulting in incorrect computations possibly leading to crashes; and programs may deadlock resulting in wasted resources. Existing tools are not completely satisfactory: model-checking does not scale with the number of processes; testing techniques wastes resources and are highly dependent on the quality of the test set. As an alternative, we present a prototype for a type-based approach to programming and verifying MPI like programs against protocols. Protocols are written in a dependent type language designed so as to capture the most common primitives in MPI, incorporating, in addition, a form of primitive recursion and collective choice. Protocols are then translated into Why3, a deductive software verification tool. Source code, in turn, is written in WhyML, the language of the Why3 platform, and checked against the protocol. Programs that pass verification are guaranteed to be communication safe and free from deadlocks. We verified several parallel programs from textbooks using our approach, and report on the outcome.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2015, arXiv:1508.04595
COVID-19 stressors, mental/emotional distress and political support
Creators: name: Bernardi, Luca
name: Gotlib, Ian H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The effects of COVID-19 on democracy and mental health are still under investigation. In this article, it is considered that, on average, higher COVID-19 stressors and symptoms of distress are associated with lower political support and that higher COVID-19 stressors are associated with higher symptoms of mental/emotional distress. This formulation was tested by conducting two online surveys in Britain in August 2020 and March 2021. Strong support was found for this hypothesis. Greater worry about COVID-19 life changes is associated with a lower evaluation of government performance on the pandemic and with a lower perceived responsiveness of the political system; higher COVID-19 stress resulting from anti-pandemic measures is associated with a poorer evaluation of government performance and, subsequently, with less trust in government. It was also found that higher COVID-19 worry and stress were associated with more symptoms of mental/emotional distress. These findings highlight that pandemic-related stressors may influence people’s political engagement and mental health.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 controls maternal care, maternal motivation and maternal aggression in mice
Creators: name: Gryksa, Katharina
name: Mittmann, Laura
name: Bauer, Angelika
name: Peterlik, Daniel
name: Flor, Peter J.
name: Uschold-Schmidt, Nicole
name: Bosch, Oliver J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; OLFACTORY BULBECTOMY; BEHAVIOR; RAT; STRESS; LOCALIZATION; AGONIST; BRAIN; ACTIVATION; AMN082; knockout; metabotropic glutamate receptor; social behavior; spontaneous maternal behavior; strain difference; XAP044
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 (mGlu7) is an important regulator of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission and known to mediate emotionality and male social behavior. However, a possible regulatory role in maternal behavior remains unknown to date. Adequate expression of maternal behavior is essential for successful rearing and healthy development of the young. By understanding genetic and neural mechanisms underlying this important prosocial behavior, we gain valuable insights into possible dysregulations. Using genetic ablation as well as pharmacological modulation, we studied various parameters of maternal behavior in two different mouse strains under the influence of mGlu7. We can clearly show a regulatory role of mGlu7 in maternal behavior. Naive virgin female C57BL/6 mGlu7 knockout mice showed more often nursing postures and less spontaneous maternal aggression compared to their heterozygous and wildtype littermates. In lactating C57BL/6 wildtype mice, acute central activation of mGlu7 by the selective agonist AMN082 reduced arched back nursing and accelerated pup retrieval without affecting maternal aggression. In addition, in lactating CD1 wildtype mice the selective mGlu7 antagonist XAP044 increased both pup retrieval and maternal aggression. With respect to receptor expression levels, mGlu7 mRNA expression was higher in lactating vs virgin C57BL/6 mice in the prefrontal cortex, but not hypothalamus or hippocampus. In conclusion, these findings highlight a significant role of the mGlu7 receptor subtype in mediating maternal behavior in mice. Region-dependent studies are warranted to further extend our knowledge on the specific function of the brain glutamate system in maternal behavior.
Variants of Rab GTPase–Effector Binding Protein-2 Cause Variation in the Collateral Circulation and Severity of Stroke
Creators: name: Dudley, Andrew C.
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Sealock, Robert
name: Lucitti, Jennifer L.
name: Xiao, Lin
name: Faber, James E.
name: Buckley, Brian K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The extent (number and diameter) of collateral vessels varies widely and is a major determinant, along with arteriogenesis (collateral remodeling), of variation in severity of tissue injury following large artery occlusion. Differences in genetic background underlie the majority of the variation in collateral extent in mice, through alterations in collaterogenesis (embryonic collateral formation). In brain and other tissues, ~80% of the variation in collateral extent among different mouse strains has been linked to a region on chromosome 7. We recently used congenic (CNG) fine-mapping of C57BL/6 (B6, high extent) and BALB/cBy (BC, low extent) mice to narrow the region to a 737 Kb locus, Dce1. Herein, we report the causal gene.
The Importance of "Negative" Results - Lipid Lessons in Coronavirus Biology
Creators: name: Mock, Jason R.
name: Leist, Sarah R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Cholesterol is an essential constituent of animal cell membranes, and cholesterol levels and components of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway are tightly regulated. The complex mechanisms of cholesterol homeostasis and the pathways mediating cholesterol regulation have been studied for over 50 years. Recently, attention has turned to cholesterol metabolites, including oxysterols (oxidized species of cholesterol), which are regulators of innate and adaptive immune functions. One oxysterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), is known to be a potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis for decades; however, more recent studies have demonstrated that 25HC is upregulated in macrophages and other cells during infection and exerts pleiotropic roles in immunity promoting both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. For example, 25HC can broadly inhibit viral entry and was also demonstrated to be an agonist of the liver X receptor (LXR), an anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor with broad biological functions. The enzyme cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H), which converts cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholesterol, has been demonstrated to be an interferon-stimulated gene. In mice, Ch25h is highly expressed in the lung, and alveolar macrophages have a more pronounced expression of Ch25h when compared to other macrophage populations. Prior work demonstrates that 25HC promotes efferocytosis and resolution of lung inflammation in an LPS-induced acute lung injury model. Recent work has demonstrated that 25HC promotes the depletion of plasma membrane cholesterol, eliciting downstream anti-microbial effects.
Z-peaked excess in goldstini scenarios
Creators: name: Liew, Seng Pei
name: Mariotti, Alberto
name: Mawatari, Kentarou
name: Sakurai, Kazuki
name: Vereecken, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a possible explanation of a 3.0 $σ$ excess recently reported by the ATLAS Collaboration in events with Z-peaked same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair, jets and large missing transverse momentum in the context of gauge-mediated SUSY breaking with more than one hidden sector, the so-called goldstini scenario. In a certain parameter space, the gluino two-body decay chain $\tilde g\to g\tildeχ^0_{1,2}\to gZ\tilde G'$ becomes dominant, where $\tildeχ^0_{1,2}$ and $\tilde G'$ are the Higgsino-like neutralino and the massive pseudo-goldstino, respectively, and gluino pair production can contribute to the signal. We find that a mass spectrum such as $m_{\tilde g}\sim 1000$ GeV, $m_{\tildeχ^0_{1,2}}\sim 800$ GeV and $m_{\tilde G'}\sim 600$ GeV demonstrates the rate and the distributions of the excess, without conflicting with the stringent constraints from jets plus missing energy analyses and with the CMS constraint on the identical final state.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; v2: the CMS binned on-Z analyses added, resulting in a small change in the best fit benchmark; v3: some issues clarified, fig.7 added, version to appear in PLB
Measuring PROMIS Asthma Impact cut point scores for identifying uncontrolled asthma in children
Creators: name: Hernandez, Michelle L
name: Reeve, Bryce B
name: Lucas, Nicole
name: Lin, Li
name: Burbank, Allison J
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description: Quality of life measures incorporate patient perspectives that complement traditional metrics used to detect uncontrolled asthma. We identified optimal cut points in the PROMIS Asthma Impact score for identifying uncontrolled asthma in a diverse sample of children with asthma.
Is this Change the Answer to that Problem? Correlating Descriptions of Bug and Code Changes for Evaluating Patch Correctness
Creators: name: Tian, Haoye
name: Tang, Xunzhu
name: Habib, Andrew
name: Wang, Shangwen
name: Liu, Kui
name: Xia, Xin
name: Klein, Jacques
name: Bissyandé, Tegawendé F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a novel perspective to the problem of patch correctness assessment: a correct patch implements changes that "answer" to a problem posed by buggy behaviour. Concretely, we turn the patch correctness assessment into a Question Answering problem. To tackle this problem, our intuition is that natural language processing can provide the necessary representations and models for assessing the semantic correlation between a bug (question) and a patch (answer). Specifically, we consider as inputs the bug reports as well as the natural language description of the generated patches. Our approach, Quatrain, first considers state of the art commit message generation models to produce the relevant inputs associated to each generated patch. Then we leverage a neural network architecture to learn the semantic correlation between bug reports and commit messages. Experiments on a large dataset of 9135 patches generated for three bug datasets (Defects4j, Bugs.jar and Bears) show that Quatrain can achieve an AUC of 0.886 on predicting patch correctness, and recalling 93% correct patches while filtering out 62% incorrect patches. Our experimental results further demonstrate the influence of inputs quality on prediction performance. We further perform experiments to highlight that the model indeed learns the relationship between bug reports and code change descriptions for the prediction. Finally, we compare against prior work and discuss the benefits of our approach.
Electron-Electron and Electron-Phonon Interactions in the Dynamics of Trap-Filling in Charged Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Monreal, R. Carmina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the effects of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in the dynamics of a system of a few electrons that can be trapped to a localized state and detrapped to an extended band state of a small quantum dot (QD) using a simple model. In our model the QD is described by one or two single-particle energy levels while the trap is described by one single-particle level connected to the QD by a hopping Hamiltonian. Electron-electron Coulomb repulsion and electron-phonon interactions are included in the localized trap state. In spite of its simplicity the time dependent model has no analytical solution but a numerically exact one can be found at a relatively low computational cost. Using values of the parameters appropriate for defects in semiconductor QDs, we find that the electronic motion is quasi-periodic in time, with oscillations around mean values that are set in timescales of typically a few tenths of picoseconds to picoseconds. We increase the number of electrons initially in the QD from one to four and find that one electron is transferred to the trap state for three electrons in the QD. At the more efficient values of the electron-phonon coupling, these characteristics are quite independent of the value of the electron-electron Coulomb repulsion in the trap, up to the value above which its infinite limit is reached. We conclude that strong electron-phonon interaction is an efficient mechanism that can provide the complete filling of a deep trap state on a sub to picoseconds timescale, faster than radiative exciton decay and Auger recombination processes. This leads to the complete suppression of the luminescence to the deep trap state and to the accumulation of electrons in the QD.
description: Accepted for publication in The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Believe it or not: A network analysis investigating how individuals embrace false and true statements during COVID-19
Creators: name: Lee, Sanguk
name: Turner, Monique Mitchell
name: Peng, Tai-Quan
name: Jang, Youjin
name: Choung, Hyesun
name: Lapinski, Maria Knight
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024

description: As individuals make belief decisions on truths and falsehoods, a systematic organization of (mis)information emerges. In this study, we employ a network approach to illustrate how a sample of Americans share a cognitive network of false and true statements related to COVID-19. Moreover, we examine what factors are associated with the formation of misbeliefs. Findings from our US-based rolling cross-sectional survey data indicate that conservative groups exhibit a greater tendency to mix up false and true information than liberal groups. This tendency is preserved across different time points, revealing more homogenously structured information networks of conservative groups compared to liberal groups. The benefits of a cognitive network framework that integrates structural perspectives into theories are discussed.
Lamarckismo come teoria evolutiva della scienza – L'ereditarietà dei concetti scientifici acquisiti
Creators: name: Bellingeri, Michele
name: Scotognella, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: philosophy of science
science evolution
concepts evolution
science development

description: In this manuscript, we propose a Lamarckian theory of the evolution of scientific concepts. In this theory, scientists create scientific concepts (theories) capable of explaining the world, and the best theories, i.e., the most effective in accomplishing this task, are the winning ones that are established in the scientific community. The scientific concepts forming the winning theories are disseminated in the community (horizontal inheritance, present time), and passed on to subsequent generations of scientists (vertical inheritance, future time). Lamarckian theory of science interprets scientific concepts as characters inherited from the next generation. Today's immense wealth of scientific concepts is the result of a long process of change and inheritance of acquired scientific concepts.
A framework for crossover of scaling law as a self-similar solution : dynamical impact of viscoelastic board
Creators: name: Maruoka, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a new framework for crossover of scaling law is proposed: a crossover of scaling law can be described by a self-similar solution. A crossover emerges as a result of the interference from similarity parameters of the higher class of the self-similarity. This framework was verified for the dynamical impact of solid sphere onto a viscoelastic board. All the physical factors including the size of spheres and the impact of velocity are successfully summarized using primal dimensionless numbers which construct a self-similar solution of the second kind, which represents the balance between dynamical elements involved in the problem. The self-similar solution gives two different scaling laws by the perturbation method describing the crossover. These theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results to show good agreement. It was suggested that a hierarchical structure of similarity plays a fundamental role on crossover, which offers a fundamental insight to self-similarity in general.
description: 21 pages, 6 Figures and 9 Supplemental Figures
SKOS in der Praxis - Ein Erfahrungsbericht zur Entwicklung eines Fachthesaurus für die Konservierung/Restaurierung
Creators: name: Fischer, Kristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: SKOS
Vocabularies
Conservation

description: Präsentation auf dem SODa BarCamp 2025 zum Thema "kontrollierte Vokabulare".  Nach einer kurzen Einführung zum Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) wurde die Vorgehensweise und Erfahrungen im Zuge der Erstellung eines semantischen SKOS-Fachthesaurus für die Konservierung und Restaurierung auf Basis vorhandener Daten am Leibniz-Zentrum für Archäologie (LEIZA) vorgestellt.
THE ATTITUDE–BEHAVIOR DICHOTOMY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: AN EXPLORATION USING GENERALIZED STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING
Creators: name: SHIN, HANNA
name: WHITTINGTON, DALE
name: HANEMANN, W. MICHAEL
name: CARSON, RICHARD T.
name: KIM, DOHYEONG
Publisher: name: World Scientific Publishing
Year: 2024

description: The COVID-19 pandemic brought the need to quickly deploy non-pharmaceutical measures like facemasks to reduce transmission rates into sharp focus. Factors influencing this behavior are examined through the classic attitude–behavior lens of Fishbein and Ajzen [Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley] cast in the language of property rights and social norms. Behavior is operationalized as wearing a facemask (or not) and attitude in terms of supporting a mandatory mask mandate. This yields targetable segments of the population as they are referred to in a marketing context: wearing/supporting, wearing/not supporting, not wearing/supporting, not wearing/not supporting [Kim, D, RT Carson, D Whittington and WM Hanemann (2022). Support for regulation versus compliance: Face masks during COVID-19. Public Health in Practice, 5, 100324]. Membership in each segment is predicted using a generalized structural equation modelling (GSEM) approach focused on three broad factors. The first includes political and demographic variables, which represent exogenous taste parameters. The second is a set of knowledge variables characterizing the COVID-19 information a person possesses. These are potentially influenceable by health officials. The third relates to risk cast in the form of knowing someone who had tested positive for COVID-19, been hospitalized or died from it. The GSEM results paint a rich picture of how our factor sets interact with the four targetable segments of the population in a critical situation where high but not perfect compliance is needed.
The Galactic chemical evolution of oxygen inferred from 3D non-LTE spectral line formation calculations
Creators: name: Amarsi, A. M.
name: Asplund, M.
name: Collet, R.
name: Leenaarts, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Galactic chemical evolution of oxygen, addressing the systematic errors inherent in classical determinations of the oxygen abundance that arise from the use of one dimensional hydrostatic (1D) model atmospheres and from the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We perform detailed 3D non-LTE radiative transfer calculations for atomic oxygen lines across a grid of 3D hydrodynamic stag- ger model atmospheres for dwarfs and subgiants. We apply our grid of predicted line strengths of the [OI] 630 nm and OI 777 nm lines using accurate stellar parameters from the literature. We infer a steep decay in [O/Fe] for [Fe/H] $\gtrsim$ -1.0, a plateau [O/Fe] $\approx$ 0.5 down to [Fe/H] $\approx$ -2.5 and an increasing trend for [Fe/H] $\lesssim$ -2.5. Our 3D non-LTE calculations yield overall concordant results from the two oxygen abundance diagnostics.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters; 5 pages, 3 figures
Role of Genetic Variation in Collateral Circulation in the Evolution of Acute Stroke: A Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Creators: name: Zhang, Hua
name: Shih, Yen-Yu Ian
name: Faber, James E.
name: Kao, Yu-Chieh Jill
name: Oyarzabal, Esteban A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: No studies have determined the effect of differences in pial collateral extent (number and diameter), independent of differences in environmental factors and unknown genetic factors, on severity of stroke. We examined ischemic tissue evolution during acute stroke, as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology, by comparing 2 congenic (CNG) mouse strains with otherwise identical genetic backgrounds but with different alleles of the Determinant of collateral extent-1 (Dce1) genetic locus. We also optimized magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion and diffusion deficit thresholds by using histological measures of ischemic tissue.
Twisted Alexander invariants for the braid group associated with the Tong-Yang-Ma representation
Creators: name: Takano, Akihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36 (Primary), 20C07 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we compute the twisted Alexander invariant of the braid group associated with the Tong-Yang-Ma representation.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
The Voices of Chinese American Parents During COVID-19: Recommendations for Addressing Anti-Asian Racism and Supporting Adolescents in School
Creators: name: Ma, Ruofan
name: Liu, Jia Li
name: Cheong, Yeram
name: Wang, Cixin
name: Zhang, Xinyi
name: Cheah, Charissa S. L.
Publisher: name: American Psychological Association (APA)
Year: 2024

description: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rise in anti-Asian sentiment, discrimination, and hate crimes, which have consequences for Asian American students and their families. As school districts prepared to reopen in Fall 2021, discussions and plans largely emphasized preventing infection and disruptions to learning. Asian American families’ discrimination experiences and their recommendations for schools to address possible COVID-19-related racial bullying and discrimination have been overlooked. The present study is based on semistructured interviews conducted between April and June 2020 with 47 Chinese American parents with adolescents ages 12–17 years. Thematic and content analyses revealed significant parental concerns about adolescents’ experiences with bullying and discrimination as well as a widespread fear for family safety. Parents’ school recommendations reflected their desire for school administrators and staff to take a firm stance against COVID-19-related anti-Asian discrimination while treading carefully on race topics for fear of singling out Asian American students. This study emphasizes contextual factors that influence adolescents’ experiences of racial discrimination during the early stages of the pandemic and advocates for a more holistic approach to addressing students’ learning and psychological well-being that elevates the voices of impacted families.
title: Developing and enhancing communicative competence among foreign language learners in Japan
Creators: name: Bury, James
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: This thesis presents and discusses ten peer-reviewed publications that focus on enhancing the development of communicative competence among foreign language learners in Japan. This is an important area of research as, despite emphasis being placed on effective communication by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in policy and educational guidelines, many students are not deemed to have reached satisfactory levels of communicative competence when they graduate (MEXT, 2011). In view of this, this PhD by Published Works investigates the impact that different teaching approaches and interventions had on three main themes connected to the development of communicative competence: students’ productive output and lexical retrieval, students’ self-perceptions of ability and levels of confidence, and students’ and teachers’ perceptions of, and reactions to, the interventions. The research was conducted in a range of secondary and tertiary educational contexts, and employed quantitative and qualitative methods in a complementary manner. This enabled different research paradigms to be bridged and a wider range of data to be collected. This body of work contributes to theory by extending a range of concepts, theories, and approaches, including the Output Hypothesis (Swain, 1985, 1995), Interaction Hypothesis (Long, 1981, 1983, 1996), information-processing theory, study-phase retrieval, and the spacing effect, by adding empirical evidence from different teaching contexts. It also has major implications in terms of practical application, providing access to research on alternative teaching practices and introducing a variety of activities, courses, and materials, that can be employed by educators both in Japan and internationally. Furthermore, the thesis make a methodological contribution by introducing of the Cycle of practitioner-research, which has the potential to motivate other educators to embark on a similar journey to my own and experience the many benefits that it has brought. Overall, the research presented in this thesis has contributed to enhanced recognition of the value of core principles, namely maximizing productive output, developing lexical retrieval, and enhancing students’ self-perceptions of ability and levels of confidence.
Nonrelativistic Transport Theory from Vorticity Dependent Quantum Kinetic Equation
Creators: name: Dayi, Ö. F.
name: Gürleyen, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-dimensional transport theory of massive spin-1/2 fermions resulting from the vorticity dependent quantum kinetic equation. This quantum kinetic equation has been introduced to take account of noninertial properties of rotating coordinate frames. We show that it is the appropriate relativistic kinetic equation which provides the vorticity dependent semiclassical transport equations of the three-dimensional Wigner function components. We establish the semiclassical kinetic equations of a linearly independent set of components. By means of them, kinetic equations of the chiral scalar distribution functions are derived. They furnish the 3D kinetic theory which permits us to study the vector and axial vector current densities by focusing on the mass corrections to the chiral vortical and separation effects.
description: 15 pages. A ref canceled. A ref and some comments added
Quantifying the complex permittivity and permeability of magnetic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Yao, B. M.
name: Gui, Y. S.
name: Worden, M.
name: Hegmann, T.
name: Xing, M.
name: Chen, X. S.
name: Lu, W.
name: Wroczynskyj, Y.
name: van Lierop, J.
name: Hu, C. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complex permittivity and permeability of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles has been quantified using a circular waveguide assembly with a static magnetic field to align the nanoparticle's magnetization. The high sensitivity of the measurement provides the precise resonant feature of nanoparticles. The complex permeability in the vicinity of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) is in agreement with the nanoparticle's measured magnetization via conventional magnetometry. A rigorous and self-consistent measure of complex permittivities and permeabilities of nanoparticles is crucial to ascertain accurately the dielectric behaviour as well as the frequency response of nanoparticle magnetization, necessary ingredients when designing and optimizing magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures