cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Local stellar formation history from the 40 pc white dwarf sample
Creators: name: Cukanovaite, E.
name: Tremblay, P. -E.
name: Toonen, S.
name: Temmink, K. D.
name: Manser, Christopher J.
name: O'Brien, M. W.
name: McCleery, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the local stellar formation history from the Gaia-defined 40 pc white dwarf sample. This is currently the largest volume-complete sample of white dwarfs for which spectroscopy is available, allowing for classification of the chemical abundances at the photosphere, and subsequently accurate determination of the atmospheric parameters. We create a population synthesis model and show that a uniform stellar formation history for the last ~10.5 Gyr provides a satisfactory fit to the observed distribution of absolute Gaia G magnitudes. To test the robustness of our derivation, we vary various assumptions in the population synthesis model, including the initial mass function, initial-to-final mass relation, kinematic evolution, binary fraction and white dwarf cooling timescales. From these tests, we conclude that the assumptions in our model have an insignificant effect on the derived relative stellar formation rate as a function of look-back time. However, the onset of stellar formation (age of Galactic disc) is sensitive to a variety of input parameters including the white dwarf cooling models. Our derived stellar formation history gives a much better fit to the absolute Gaia G magnitudes than most previous studies.
description: Accepted in MNRAS, 17 pages, 11 figures
title: Μελέτη γεωλογικών παραμέτρων και διερεύνηση της θερμοκρασίας του υπόγειου υδροφορέα στην νοτιοδυτική Μεσσαρά, Κρήτη
title: Survey of geological parameters and investigation of the temperature of the underground aquifer in southwest Messara, Crete
Creators: name: Αγριμακη Αργυρω
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2016

description: Οι συνεχώς αυξανόμενες απαιτήσεις σε ενεργειακούς πόρους, οδήγησαν στην αναζήτηση εναλλακτικών μορφών ενέργειας. Μία μορφή ενέργειας είναι η γεωθερμία, η οποία σε αρκετές χώρες έχει ήδη  ξεκινήσει να  αξιοποιείται για την παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, την θέρμανση κατοικιών, θερμοκηπίων κ.α. σε αρκετές χώρες. Στην Ελλάδα, τα τελευταία χρόνια, έχουν γίνει αξιόλογες προσπάθειες για τον εντοπισμό, τη συστηματική καταγραφή και την αξιοποίηση του γεωθερμικού δυναμικού. Συγκεκριμένα στην Κρήτη, υπάρχουν ενδείξεις για την ύπαρξη πιθανών γεωθερμικών πεδίων χαμηλής ενθαλπίας στο Ακρωτήρι Χανίων, στη λεκάνη Μεσσαράς και στο Καπίστρι Ιεράπετρας. Στην παρούσα εργασία, παρουσιάζονται και συγκρίνονται τα αποτελέσματα  των χημικών αναλύσεων και του χαρακτηρισμού των υδάτων, από περιοχές πιθανών γεωθερμικών πεδίων (Περί – Πλάτανος και Μελιδοχώρι, από επτά συνολικά υδρογεωτρήσεις) με περιοχή που δεν υπάρχουν ενδείξεις γεωθερμικού ταμιευτήρα (Τυμπάκι επίσης από επτά υδρογεωτρήσεις). Συγκρίνοντας τις τρεις περιοχές (περιοχή Τυμπάκι χωρίς ενδείξεις με αυξημένη θερμοκρασία υδάτων στις υδρογεωτρήσεις και περιοχές Περί – Πλάτανος και Μελιδοχώρι με μετρημένες τις αυξημένες τιμές θερμοκρασίας των υδάτων στις επτά υδρογεωτρήσεις), διαπιστώνουμε ότι οι εκτιμώμενες τιμές θερμοκρασίας (30 – 65 οC) των πιθανών γεωθερμικών ταμιευτήρων που προέκυψαν από εμπειρικά χημικά γεωθερμόμετρα (γεωθερμόμετρα διαλυμάτων) βρίσκονται σε παραπλήσιο εύρος τιμών (30 - 50 οC) με τιμές θερμοκρασιών που υπολογίστηκαν με τις ίδιες μεθοδολογίες για τον υδροφορέα της περιοχής του Τυμπακίου, όπου δεν υπάρχουν ενδείξεις ύπαρξης γεωθερμικού ρευστού αλλά του φαινομένου της υφαλμύρινσης. Αυτό το γεγονός οδηγεί στο συμπέρασμα ότι δεν μπορούμε να εξάγουμε αξιόπιστα αποτελέσματα στηριζόμενοι μόνο στη χρήση εμπειρικών γεωθερμομέτρων. Ο λόγος είναι ότι τα γεωθερμόμετρα στηρίζονται σε εμπειρικούς τύπους, οι οποίοι διατυπώθηκαν μετά από μελέτη και αναλύσεις σε ρευστά γεωθερμικών πεδίων υψηλής ενθαλπίας, σε ηφαιστειακά κυρίως περιβάλλοντα. Καταλήγουμε λοιπόν στο τελικό συμπέρασμα ότι μόνο τα υδροχημικά δεδομένα μιας περιοχής δεν επαρκούν για την επιβεβαίωση της θερμοκρασίας ενός πιθανού ταμιευτήρα, αλλά είναι αναγκαία η άμεση μέτρηση της μεταβολής της θερμοκρασίας συναρτήσει του βάθους εντός υφισταμένων ή μιας ερευνητικής γεώτρησης.
Estimating the Convective Turnover Time
Creators: name: Jao, Wei-Chun
name: Couperus, Andrew A
name: Vrijmoet, Eliot H.
name: Wright, Nicholas J
name: Henry, Todd J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of the Rossby number (R$_0$), which incorporates the convective turnover time ($τ$), in 1984 was a pioneering idea for understanding the correlation between stellar rotation and activity. The convective turnover time, which cannot be measured directly, is often inferred using existing $τ$-mass or $τ$-color relations, typically established based on an ensemble of different types of stars by assuming that $τ$ is a function of mass. In this work, we use {\it Gaia} Early Data Release 3 to demonstrate that the masses used to establish one of the most cited $τ$-mass relations are overestimated for G type dwarfs and significantly underestimated for late M dwarfs, offsets that affect studies using this $τ$-mass relation to draw conclusions. We discuss the challenges of creating such relations then and now. In the era of {\it Gaia} and other large datasets, stars used to establish these relations require characterization in a multi-dimensional space, rather than via the single-characteristic relations of the past. We propose that new multi-dimensional relations should be established based on updated theoretical models and all available stellar parameters for different interior structures from a set of carefully vetted single stars, so that the convective turnover time can be estimated more accurately.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. One of the figures is a 3D interactive plot, which is available in the online journal or at https://www.chara.gsu.edu/~jao/3D.html
Lilie, Ralph-Johannes: Byzanz. Geschichte des oströmischen Reiches 326-1453
Creators: name: Wölke, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Lilie, Ralph-Johannes: Byzanz. Geschichte des oströmischen Reiches 326-1453. München: Beck 1999. 128 S., 14,80 DM (Beck Wissen in der Beckschen Reihe. 2085; ISBN3-406-41885-6).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 2 (1999): Forum Classicum
Extragalactic neutrino emission induced by Supermassive and Stellar Mass Black Hole mergers
Creators: name: Jaroschewski, Ilja
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
name: Biermann, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detections of binary stellar mass black hole mergers by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations suggest that such mergers are common occurrences. Galaxy mergers further indicate that supermassive black holes in centers of galaxies also merge and are typically expected to have had at least one merger in their lifetime, possibly many. In the presence of a jet, these mergers are almost always accompanied by a change of the jet direction and a connected jet precession motion, leading to interactions of the jet with ambient matter and producing very high-energy particles, and consequently high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos. In this work, we investigate the possibility under which conditions such mergers could be the sources of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The main free parameters in the calculation concern the frequency of the mergers and the fraction of energy that is transferred from the gravitationally released energy to neutrinos. We show that the merger rate for SMBBHs must lie between $\sim 10^{-7}$ and $10^{-5}$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$. The ratio of energy going to neutrinos during such mergers lies then between $\sim 10^{-6} - 3\cdot 10^{-4}$. For stellar mass BBH mergers, the rate needs to be $\sim 10-100$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ and the expected ratio of neutrino to gravitational wave energy lies in a comparable range as for SMBBHs, $\sim 2 \cdot 10^{-5} - 10^{-3}$. These values lie in a reasonable parameter range, so that the production of neutrinos at the level of the detected neutrino flux is a realistic possibility.
The large-scale Quasar-Lyman α Forest Cross-Correlation from BOSS
Creators: name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Arnau, Eduard
name: Miralda-Escudé, Jordi
name: Rollinde, Emmanuel
name: Brinkmann, J.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Lee, Khee-Gan
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
name: Pâris, Isabelle
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Rich, James
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the large-scale cross-correlation of quasars with the Lyman α forest absorption in redshift space, using ~ 60000 quasar spectra from Data Release 9 (DR9) of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). The cross-correlation is detected over a wide range of scales, up to comoving separations r of 80 Mpc/h. For r > 15 Mpc/h, we show that the cross-correlation is well fitted by the linear theory prediction for the mean overdensity around a quasar host halo in the standard ΛCDM model, with the redshift distortions indicative of gravitational evolution detected at high confidence. Using previous determinations of the Lyman α forest bias factor obtained from the Lyman α autocorrelation, we infer the quasar bias factor to be b_q = 3.64^+0.13_-0.15 at a mean redshift z=2.38, in agreement with previous measurements from the quasar auto-correlation. We also obtain a new estimate of the Lyman α forest redshift distortion factor, β_F = 1.1 +/- 0.15, slightly larger than but consistent with the previous measurement from the Lyman α forest autocorrelation. The simple linear model we use fails at separations r < 15 Mpc/h, and we show that this may reasonably be due to the enhanced ionization due to radiation from the quasars. We also provide the expected correction that the mass overdensity around the quasar implies for measurements of the ionizing radiation background from the line-of-sight proximity effect.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, published in JCAP
Very metal-poor stars in the solar vicinity: age determination
Creators: name: Plotnikova, Anastasiia
name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Villanova, Sandro
name: Ortolani, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ages of the oldest and most metal-poor stars in the Milky Way bear important information on the age of the Universe and its standard model. We analyze a sample of 28 extremely metal-poor field stars in the solar vicinity culled from the literature and carefully determine their ages. To this aim, we critically make use of Gaia data to derive their distances and associated uncertainties. Particular attention has been paid to the estimate of the reddening and its effect on the derivation of stellar ages. We employed different reddenings and super-impose isochrones from different sources in the stars color-magnitude diagram built up with different photometric systems. We highlight subtle metallicity effects when using the Johnson photometry for low metallicity stars and finally adopt Gaia photometry. An automatic fitting method is devised to assign ages to each individual star taking into account the uncertainties in the input parameters. The mean age of the sample turns out to be $13.9 \pm 0.5$ Gyr using Padova isochrones, and $13.7 \pm 0.4$ Gyr using BASTI isochrones. We found also a group of very metal-poor stars ($\left[\frac{Fe}{H}\right]$: -2.7 -2.0 dex) with relatively young ages, in the range 8 --10 Gyr.
description: 23 pages, 16 eps figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Estimation of parasitaemia in imported falciparum malaria using the results of a combined rapid diagnostic test. No big help from haematological parameters
Creators: name: Soriano-Pérez, Manuel Jesús
name: Castillo-Fernández, Nerea
name: Lozano-Serrano, Ana Belén
name: Luzón-García, María Pilar
name: Vázquez-Villegas, José
name: Cabeza-Barrera, María Isabel
name: Borrego-Jiménez, Jaime
name: Giménez-López, María José
name: Salas-Coronas, Joaquín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Details of correlation between the haematological parameters and parasitaemia. Table S1. Parameter estimates of the definitive generalized linear model for the variable “parasitemia”. Table S2. Hematological parameters by parasitemia ranges. Table S3. Parameter estimates of the predictive model for the parasitaemia variable (< 1% and ≥ 1%).
On ${\mathcal N}=4$ supersymmetry enhancements in three dimensions
Creators: name: Assel, Benjamin
name: Tachikawa, Yuji
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of 3d theories consisting of strongly-coupled ${\mathcal N}=4$ systems coupled to ${\mathcal N}=3$ Chern-Simons gauge multiplets, which exhibit ${\mathcal N}=4$ enhancements when a peculiar condition on the Chern-Simons levels is met. An example is the $SU(N)^3$ Chern-Simons theory coupled to the 3d $T_N$ theory, which enhances to ${\mathcal N}=4$ when $1/k_1+1/k_2+1/k_3=0$. We also show that some but not all of these ${\mathcal N}=4$ enhancements can be understood by considering M5-branes on a special class of Seifert manifolds. Our construction provides a large class of ${\mathcal N}=4$ theories which have not been studied previously.
description: 28 pages + appendices. v2: An argument is provided showing that the condition for enhanced supersymmetry can be met for graph manifolds with generic holonomy
title: Υπολογισμός αποθεμάτων και μοναδιαίου κόστους εκμετάλλευσης υπαίθριου λατομείου αδρανών
Creators: name: Σιαχος Κωνσταντινος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2016

description: Η εργασία αυτή αναφέρεται στο υπαίθριο λατομείο αδρανών υλικών που βρίσκεται στο δυτικό κομμάτι της νήσου Λήμνου. Η εκμετάλλευση του λατομείου αυτού βρίσκεται προς το τέλος της, γι’ αυτό και η επιχείρηση ξεκίνησε το σχεδιασμό επέκτασής της σε γειτονική περιοχή.
      Στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας γίνεται αναφορά στη γεωλογία και τεκτονική της νήσου Λήμνου και παρατίθενται φωτογραφίες ρηγμάτων σε διάφορα σημεία της.
      Στο δεύτερο μέρος της σημειώνεται η λατομική δραστηριότητα της επιχείρησης στα 20 χρόνια περίπου λειτουργίας της. Επίσης αναλύεται το υλικό της εκμετάλλευσης, καθώς και οι χρήσεις του.
      Στο τρίτο μέρος της εργασίας αυτής αναφέρονται τα γενικά στοιχεία του σχεδιασμού μιας υπαίθριας εκμετάλλευσης, τα οποία είναι η μέθοδος εκμετάλλευσης, η θραύση υλικού, η διαδικασία εξόρυξης, οι εκρηκτικές ύλες, ο σχεδιασμός ανατίναξης. Επίσης, η επιλογή μηχανολογικού εξοπλισμού, μηχανών θραύσης και κοσκίνων.
      Στο τέταρτο μέρος περιγράφεται αναλυτικά ο υπολογισμός των αποθεμάτων που ανέρχεται στους 1.218.860,83 τόνους γεωλογικών και 503.252,81 τόνους μεταλλευτικών. Ο χρόνος ζωής του λατομείου είναι 2.6 έτη, πράγμα που σημαίνει ότι βρίσκεται κοντά στην εξόφληση και με λόγο απόληψης 41%. Επιπρόσθετα, περιγράφεται η προσπέλαση στο χώρο (εξωτερική – εσωτερική), ο μηχανολογικός εξοπλισμός που χρησιμοποιείται, η μέθοδος εξόρυξης με αναλυτικά στοιχεία του σχεδιασμού ανατίναξης, καθώς και η μεταφορά και επεξεργασία του υλικού, το οποίο επέρχεται σε 4 κλάσματα κοκκομετρίας 0-5,  5-14,  14-28,  28-60 mm.
      Στο τελευταίο μέρος αναλύεται ο υπολογισμός του μοναδιαίου κόστους, το οποίο είναι ίσο με 5,3€/τόνο.
Compton-thick AGN in the NuSTAR Era. IX. A Joint NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Analysis of Four Local AGN
Creators: name: Silver, Ross
name: Torres-Alba, Nuria
name: Zhao, Xiurui
name: Marchesi, Stefano
name: Pizzetti, Andrealuna
name: Cox, Isaiah
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Cusumano, Giancarlo
name: La Parola, Valentina
name: Segreto, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the broadband X-ray spectral analysis of simultaneous NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of four nearby Compton-thick active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates selected from the Swift-Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) 150-month catalog. This work is part of a larger effort to identify and characterize all Compton-thick (NH >= 10^24 cm^-2) AGN in the local Universe (z < 0.05). We used three physically motivated models -- MYTorus, borus02, and UXClumpy -- to fit and characterize these sources. Of the four candidates analyzed, 2MASX J02051994-0233055 was found to be an unobscured (NH < 10^22 cm^-2) AGN, 2MASX J04075215-6116126 and IC 2227 to be Compton-thin (10^22 cm^-2 < NH < 10^24 cm^-2) AGN, and one, ESO 362-8, was confirmed to be a Compton-thick AGN. Additionally, every source was found to have a statistically significant difference between their line-of-sight and average torus hydrogen column density, further supporting the idea that the obscuring material in AGN is inhomogeneous. Furthermore, half of the sources in our sample (2MASX J02051994-0233055 and 2MASX J04075215-6116126) exhibited significant luminosity variation in the last decade, suggesting that this might be a common feature of AGN.
Disclosure of Information to Potential Subjects on Research Recruitment Web Sites
Creators: name: Klitzman, Robert L.
name: Albala, Ilene
name: Siragusa, Joseph
name: Patel, Jignasha
name: Appelbaum, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Institutional review boards (Medicine)
Medicine--Research
Informed consent (Medical law)
Medicine--Research--Government policy

description: We examined systematically how a sample of Web sites that recruit participants for research on particular diseases present studies to potential subjects, exploring the presence of information about research benefits, risks, procedures, and incentives, including monetary incentives. Such data can elucidate the degree to which federal guidance is being followed and may have potential implications for policy, suggesting areas that IRBs, policy-makers, and regulators may want to consider further regarding online recruiting of research participants
Analytical Solution for Space-Charge Waves in a Two-Stream Cylindrical Electron Beam
Creators: name: Mealy, Tarek
name: Marosi, Robert
name: Rouhi, Kasra
name: Capolino, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical method to compute the wavenumbers and electric fields of the space-charge-wave eigenmodes supported by a two-stream electron beam, consisting of a solid inner cylindrical stream and a coaxial outer annular stream, both contained within a cylindrical metallic tunnel.We extend the analytical model developed by Ramo to the case of two streams. The method accounts for the interaction between the two streams with the presence of the beam-tunnel wall; it can be used to model the complex wavenumbers associated with the two-stream instability and the plasma frequency reduction effects in vacuum electronic amplifiers and other vacuum electronic devices.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
The connection between galactic outflows and the escape of ionizing photons
Creators: name: Mainali, Ramesh
name: Rigby, Jane R.
name: Chisholm, John
name: Bayliss, Matthew
name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
name: Gladders, Michael D.
name: Rivera-Thorsen, T. Emil
name: Dahle, Håkon
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Florian, Michael
name: Berg, Danielle A.
name: Sharma, Soniya
name: Owens, M. Riley
name: Kjellgren, Karin
name: Kim, Keunho J.
name: Wayne, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze spectra of a gravitationally lensed galaxy, known as the Sunburst Arc, that is leaking ionizing photons, also known as the Lyman continuum (LyC). Magnification from gravitational lensing permits the galaxy to be spatially resolved into one region that leaks ionizing photons, and several that do not. Rest-frame ultraviolet and optical spectra from Magellan target ten different regions along the lensed Arc, including six multiple images of the LyC leaking region, as well as four regions that do not show LyC emission. The rest-frame optical spectra of the ionizing photon emitting regions reveal a blue-shifted ($ΔV$=27 km s$^{-1}$) broad emission component (FWHM=327 km s$^{-1}$) comprising 55% of the total [OIII] line flux, in addition to a narrow component (FWHM = 112 km s$^{-1}$), suggesting the presence of strong highly ionized gas outflows. This is consistent with the high-velocity ionized outflow inferred from the rest-frame UV spectra. In contrast, the broad emission component is less prominent in the non-leaking regions, comprising $\sim$26% of total [OIII] line flux. The high ionization absorption lines are prominent in both leaker and non-leaker but low ionization absorption lines are very weak in the leaker, suggesting that the line of sight gas is highly ionized in the leaker. Analyses of stellar wind features reveal that the stellar population of the LyC leaking regions is considerably younger ($\sim$3 Myr) than the non-leaking regions ($\sim$12 Myr), highlighting that stellar feedback from young stars may play an important role in ionizing photon escape.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
The massive black holes, high accretion rates, and non-tilted jet feedback, of jetted AGN triggered by secular processes
Creators: name: Singh, Chandra B.
name: Garofalo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: That jetted active galactic nuclei (AGN) are also hosted in spiral galaxies is now well established. Our understanding of how such objects might fit in the radio loud AGN subclass has been described by Foschini and others over the past decade in that jets in spirals are weaker than those of radio galaxies and quasars because the black holes in spirals tend to be less massive. Recent data, however, may be pointing to a different picture which we describe. Unlike powerful jetted AGN in ellipticals, we illustrate from model perspectives, features of jets in spirals responsible for limiting both their power as well as their effect on their host galaxies. AGN triggered by secular processes fail to generate jet re-orientation, a key ingredient in the jetted AGN feedback mechanism in merger-triggered ellipticals that leads to the red-and-dead radio galaxies at low redshift such as M87. As a result, jetted AGN in spirals tend to live in a separate part of the parameter space compared to radio galaxies and quasars. Because of the absence of jet reorientation and due to the relatively short-lived jet phases, jetted AGN in spirals are best compared to radio quiet or jetless AGN than any other jetted AGN subclass.
description: 11 pages, 6 Figures, Accepted for publication in the Journal of High Energy Astrophysics
The effect of collisional erosion on the composition of Earth-analog planets in Grand Tack models: Implications for the formation of the Earth
Creators: name: L., Allibert
name: J., Siebert
name: S., Charnoz
name: A., Jacobson S.
name: N, Raymond S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.2, I.2.7

description: Impact-induced erosion of the Earth's early crust during accretion of terrestrial bodies can significantly modify the primordial chemical composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE, that is, the composition of the crust added to the present-day mantle). In particular, it can be particularly efficient in altering the abundances of elements having a strong affinity for silicate melts (i.e. incompatible elements) as the early differentiated crust was preferentially enriched in those. Here, we further develop an erosion model (EROD) to quantify the effects of collisional erosion on the final composition of the BSE. Results are compared to the present-day BSE composition models and constraints on Earth's accretion processes are provided. The evolution of the BSE chemical composition resulting from crustal stripping is computed for entire accretion histories of about 50 Earth analogs in the context of the Grand Tack model. The chosen chemical elements span a wide range of incompatibility degrees. We find that a maximum loss of 40wt% can be expected for the most incompatible lithophile elements such as Rb, Th or U in the BSE when the crust is formed from low partial melting rates. Accordingly, depending on both the exact nature of the crust-forming processes during accretion and the accretion history itself, Refractory Lithophile Elements (RLE) may not be in chondritic relative proportions in the BSE. In that case, current BSE estimates may need to be corrected as a function of the geochemical incompatibility of these elements. Alternatively, if RLE are indeed in chondritic relative proportions in the BSE, accretion scenarios that are efficient in affecting the BSE chemical composition should be questioned.
description: 40 pages all included, 5 figures, accepted in Icarus
Dependence of the triple-alpha process on the fundamental constants of nature
Creators: name: Epelbaum, Evgeny
name: Krebs, Hermann
name: Lähde, Timo A.
name: Lee, Dean
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab initio calculation of the quark mass dependence of the ground state energies of ^4He, ^8Be and ^{12}C, and of the energy of the Hoyle state in ^{12}C. These investigations are performed within the framework of lattice chiral Effective Field Theory. We address the sensitivity of the production rate of carbon and oxygen in red giant stars to the fundamental constants of nature by considering the impact of variations in the light quark masses and the electromagnetic fine-structure constant on the reaction rate of the triple-alpha process. As carbon and oxygen are essential to life as we know it, we also discuss the implications of our findings for an anthropic view of the Universe. We find strong evidence that the physics of the triple-alpha process is driven by alpha clustering, and that shifts in the fundamental parameters at the \simeq 2 - 3 % level are unlikely to be detrimental to the development of life. Tolerance against much larger changes cannot be ruled out at present, given the relatively limited knowledge of the quark mass dependence of the two-nucleon S-wave scattering parameters. Lattice QCD is expected to provide refined estimates of the scattering parameters in the future.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, version accepted by EPJA
title: Bio-optical modeling of epithelial neoplasia
title: Βιο-οπτική μοντελοποίηση της επιθηλιακής νεοπλασίας
Creators: name: Παπαδογιαννης Σεβαστιανος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2019

description: Over the last years, a radical change regarding diagnosis of cervical neoplasia has been prepared. Classic procedure involving biopsy may be replaced by in vivo non invasive optical biopsy. In this thesis, we are studying a model that estimates for each combination of 4 biological parameters, the spatiotemporal curves of diffused reflectance versus time, that are produced during the acetowhitening phenomenon. We aim to solve the reverse problem, estimating the bio-parameters given the curve, efficiently in terms of both accuracy and speed. Initially, we used several curve matching algorithms to decide which is optimal for the problem. Then, we used k-means clustering on the model dataset to reduce comparisons and lower procedure duration. Finally, we correlated curve features to bio-parameters and created a decision rule for instant bio-parameter estimation through optimization with decision regions. Judging from the estimation accuracy and the calculations on execution times, we have strong confidence in the future of the method.
description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει προετοιμαστεί μία δραστική αλλαγή σχετικά με τη διάγνωση της νεοπλασίας του τραχήλου της μήτρας. Η κλασική διαδικασία που εμπλέκει βιοψία ίσως αντικατασταθεί από μία in vivo μη επεμβατική οπτική βιοψία. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετάμε ένα μοντέλο που εκτιμά, για κάθε συνδυασμό τεσσάρων βιολογικών παραμέτρων, τις χωροχρονικές καμπύλες διάχυτης ανάκλασης ως προς το χρόνο, οι οποίες παράγονται κατά τη διάρκεια του οξυ-λευκαντικού φαινομένου. Στοχεύουμε να λύσουμε το αντίστροφο πρόβλημα, να εκτιμήσουμε τις βιοπαραμέτρους δεδομένης της καμπύλης, αποτελεσματικά ως προς την ακρίβεια και την ταχύτητα. Αρχικά χρησιμοποιήσαμε διάφορους αλγορίθμους σύγκρισης καμπυλών για να αποφασίσουμε τον βέλτιστο για το πρόβλημα. Έπειτα χρησιμοποιήσαμε ομαδοποίηση με k-means στη συλλογή δεδομένων του μοντέλου για να μειώσουμε το συγκρινόμενο σύνολο καμπυλών μειώνοντας και τη διάρκεια της διαδικασίας. Τελικά συσχετίσαμε χαρακτηριστικά των καμπυλών με βιοπαραμέτρους και δημιουργήσαμε κανόνες απόφασης για άμεση εκτίμηση βιοπαραμέτρων μέσω βελτιστοποίησης με περιοχές απόφασης. Κρίνοντας από την ακρίβεια εκτίμησης βιοπαραμέτρων και τους χρόνους εκτέλεσης, έχουμε ισχυρή  εμπιστοσύνη στο μέλλον της μεθόδου.
ALMA Observations of the HD~110058 debris disk
Creators: name: Hales, Antonio S.
name: Marino, SebastiÁn
name: Sheehan, Patrick D.
name: Ulloa, Silvio
name: PÉrez, SebastiÁn
name: MatrÀ, Luca
name: Kral, Quentin
name: Wyatt, Mark
name: Dent, William
name: Carpenter, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the young, gas-rich debris disk around HD110058 at 0.3-0.6\arcsec resolution. The disk is detected in the 0.85 and 1.3~mm continuum, as well as in the J=2-1 and J=3-2 transitions of $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO. The observations resolve the dust and gas distributions and reveal that this is the smallest debris disk around stars of similar luminosity observed by ALMA. The new ALMA data confirm the disk is very close to edge-on, as shown previously in scattered light images. We use radiative transfer modeling to constrain the physical properties of dust and gas disks. The dust density peaks at around 31~au and has a smooth outer edge that extends out to $\sim70$~au. Interestingly, the dust emission is marginally resolved along the minor axis, which indicates that it is vertically thick if truly close to edge-on with an aspect ratio between 0.13 and 0.28. We also find that the CO gas distribution is more compact than the dust \ah{(similarly to the disk around 49 Ceti)}, which could be due to a low viscosity and a higher gas release rate at small radii. Using simulations of the gas evolution taking into account the CO photodissociation, shielding, and viscous evolution, we find that HD~110058's CO gas mass and distribution are consistent with a secondary origin scenario. Finally, we find that the gas densities may be high enough to cause the outward drift of small dust grains in the disk.
Yukawa Unification Predictions with effective "Mirage" Mediation
Creators: name: Anandakrishnan, Archana
name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we analyze the consequences, for the LHC, of gauge and third family Yukawa coupling unification with a particular set of boundary conditions defined at the GUT scale, which we characterize as effective "mirage" mediation. We perform a global chi-squared analysis including the observables M_W, M_Z, G_F, alpha_em, alpha_s(M_Z), M_top, m_b(m_b), M_tau, BR(B -> X_s gamma), BR(B_s -> mu^+ mu^-) and M_{h}. The fit is performed in the MSSM in terms of 10 GUT scale parameters, while tanb and mu are fixed at the weak scale. We find good fits to the low energy data and a SUSY spectrum which is dramatically different than previously studied in the context of Yukawa unification.
description: 12 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1212.0542
Formation of c-C6H5CN ice using the SPACE TIGER experimental setup
Creators: name: Maksyutenko, Pavlo
name: Martin-Domenech, Rafael
name: Piacentino, Elettra
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Rajappan, Mahesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Benzonitrile (c-C6H5CN) has been recently detected in cold and dense regions of the interstellar medium (ISM), where it has been used as a signpost of a rich aromatic organic chemistry that might lead to the production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). One possible origin of this benzonitrile is interstellar ice chemistry involving benzene (c-C6H6) and nitrile molecules (organic molecules containing the -CN group). We have addressed the plausibility of this c-C6H5CN formation pathway through laboratory experiments using our new setup SPACE TIGER. The SPACE TIGER experimental setup is designed to explore the physics and chemistry of interstellar ice mantles using laser-based ice processing and product detection methods. We have found that c-C6H5CN is formed upon irradiation of c-C6H6$:CH3CN binary ice mixtures with 2 keV electrons and Lyman-alpha photons at low temperatures (4-10 K). Formation of c-C6H5CN was also observed when c-C6H6 and CH3CN were embedded in a CO ice matrix, but it was efficiently quenched in a H2O ice matrix. The results presented in this work imply that interstellar ice chemistry involving benzene and nitrile molecules could contribute to the formation of the observed benzonitrile only if these species are present on top of the ice mantles or embedded in the CO-rich ice layer, instead of being mixed into the H2O-rich ice layer.
Central limit theorems for an Indian buffet model with random weights
Creators: name: Berti, Patrizia
name: Crimaldi, Irene
name: Pratelli, Luca
name: Rigo, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The three-parameter Indian buffet process is generalized. The possibly different role played by customers is taken into account by suitable (random) weights. Various limit theorems are also proved for such generalized Indian buffet process. Let $L_n$ be the number of dishes experimented by the first $n$ customers, and let $\overline{K}_n=(1/n)\sum_{i=1}^nK_i$ where $K_i$ is the number of dishes tried by customer $i$. The asymptotic distributions of $L_n$ and $\overline{K}_n$, suitably centered and scaled, are obtained. The convergence turns out to be stable (and not only in distribution). As a particular case, the results apply to the standard (i.e., nongeneralized) Indian buffet process.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AAP1002 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). A precise measurement of the galaxy stellar mass function and the abundance of massive galaxies at redshifts 0.5
Creators: name: Davidzon, I.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Fritz, A.
name: De Lucia, G.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Granett, B. R.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Abbas, U.
name: Adami, C.
name: Bel, J.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Fumana, M.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Krywult, J.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Malek, K.
name: Marulli, F.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Paioro, L.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Schlagenhaufer, H.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Tasca, L. A. . M.
name: Tojeiro, R.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Burden, A.
name: Di Porto, C.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Marinoni, C.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Moutard, T.
name: Nichol, R. C.
name: Percival, W. J.
name: Phleps, S.
name: Wolk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function from z=1.3 to z=0.5 using the first 53,608 redshifts of the ongoing VIMOS Public Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS). We estimate the galaxy stellar mass function at several epochs discussing in detail the amount of cosmic variance affecting our estimate. We find that Poisson noise and cosmic variance of the galaxy mass function in the VIPERS survey are comparable with the statistical uncertainties of large surveys in the local universe. VIPERS data allow us to determine with unprecedented accuracy the high-mass tail of the galaxy stellar mass function, which includes a significant number of galaxies that are usually too rare to detect with any of the past spectroscopic surveys. At the epochs sampled by VIPERS, massive galaxies had already assembled most of their stellar mass. We apply a photometric classification in the (U-V) rest-frame colour to compute the mass function of blue and red galaxies, finding evidence for the evolution of their contribution to the total number density budget: the transition mass above which red galaxies dominate is found to be about 10^10.4 M_sun at z=0.55 and evolves proportionally to (1+z)^3. We are able to trace separately the evolution of the number density of blue and red galaxies with masses above 10^11.4 M_sun, in a mass range barely studied in previous work. We find that for such large masses, red galaxies show a milder evolution with redshift, when compared to objects at lower masses. At the same time, we detect a population of similarly massive blue galaxies, which are no longer detectable below z=0.7. These results show the improved statistical power of VIPERS data, and give initial promising indications of mass-dependent quenching of galaxies at z~1. [Abridged]
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. A&A in press (accepted for publication on July 12th)
MDMA (‘ecstasy’) use, and its association with high risk behaviors, mental health, and other factors among gay/bisexual men in New York City
Creators: name: Klitzman, Robert L.
name: Greenberg, Jason D.
name: Pollack, Lance M.
name: Dolezal, Curtis L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Gay men--Sexual behavior
Bisexual men--Sexual behavior
Ecstasy (Drug)
Unsafe sex
Same-sex partner abuse
HIV infections—Prevention

description: This study assesses patterns of use of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’), and the characteristics of users, in a sample of 733 men who have sex with men (MSM) in New York City. Among respondents, 13.7% reported using MDMA in the past 6 months, with mean frequency of use of 6.24 times in that period. MDMA users were found to be younger, less educated, to have had more male partners, more one night stands with men, more visits to bars or clubs and sex clubs or bathhouses, to have unprotected anal sex with a male, to be likely to have been the victim of physical domestic violence, to have more gay/bisexual friends, to have disclosed their sexual orientation to more friends, family members, and coworkers, and to have higher levels of gay community participation and affiliation. Among MDMA users, higher frequency of MDMA use was associated with being younger, having more visits to bars or clubs, more gay/bisexual friends, and having an HIV negative test result or never having been tested. MDMA users thus constitute a group at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, and other problems. The data suggest that MDMA use is associated with being more ‘out’, which may be advantageous in helping gay men deal with harmful psychological effects of stigma, but may place individuals in settings that expose them to MDMA. These men have also presumably already been well exposed to safer sex messages within the gay community, thus raising challenges for interventions aimed at prevention, as well as opportunities (e.g. MSM and community specific interventions) that need to be further explored.
A Multi-Wavelength Study of Multiple Spectral Component Jets in AGN: Testing the IC/CMB Model for the Large-Scale-Jet X-ray Emission
Creators: name: Breiding, Peter
name: Meyer, Eileen T.
name: Georganopoulos, Markos
name: Reddy, Karthik
name: Kollmann, Kassidy E.
name: Roychowdhury, Agniva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over 150 resolved, kpc-scale X-ray jets hosted by active galactic nuclei have been discovered with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. A significant fraction of these jets have an X-ray spectrum either too high in flux or too hard to be consistent with the high-energy extension of the radio-to-optical synchrotron spectrum, a subtype we identify as Multiple Spectral Component (MSC) X-ray jets. A leading hypothesis for the origin of the X-rays is the inverse-Compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background by the same electron population producing the radio-to-optical synchrotron spectrum (known as the IC/CMB model). In this work, we test the IC/CMB model in 45 extragalactic X-ray jets using observations from the Fermi Large Area Telescope to look for the expected high level of gamma-ray emission, utilizing observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) when possible to best constrain the predicted gamma-ray flux. Including this and previous works, we now find the IC/CMB model to be ruled out in a total of 24/45 MSC X-ray jets due to its overprediction for the observed MeV-to-GeV gamma-ray flux. We present additional evidence against the IC/CMB model, including the relative X-ray-to-radio relativistic beaming in these sources, and the general mismatch between radio and X-ray spectral indexes. Finally, we present upper limits on the large scale bulk-flow Lorentz factors for all jets based on the Fermi upper limits, which suggest that these jets are at most mildly relativistic.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS (October 21, 2022)
Career Guidance and Counselling in Times of Volatile Labour Markets and Dynamic Biographies
Creators: name: Weber, Peter C.
name: Drosos, Nikos
name: Katsarov, Johannes
name: Mulvey, Rachel
name: Thomsen, Rie
Publisher: name: Network for Innovation in Guidance and Counselling in Europe (NICE)
Year: 2017

description: Announcement:
Doctoral Summer School in Mannheim, Germany
September 4 – 9, 2017
description: NICE Newsletter, No 1 (2017)
Exploring the parameter space of MagLIF implosions using similarity scaling. I. Theoretical framework
Creators: name: Ruiz, D. E.
name: Schmit, P. F.
name: Yager-Elorriaga, D. A.
name: Jennings, C. A.
name: Beckwith, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) concepts, such as the Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) platform [M. R. Gomez et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 155003 (2014)], constitute a promising path for achieving ignition and significant fusion yields in the laboratory. The space of experimental input parameters defining a MagLIF load is highly multi-dimensional, and the implosion itself is a complex event involving many physical processes. In the first paper of this series, we develop a simplified analytical model that identifies the main physical processes at play during a MagLIF implosion. Using non-dimensional analysis, we determine the most important dimensionless parameters characterizing MagLIF implosions and provide estimates of such parameters using typical fielded or experimentally observed quantities for MagLIF. We then show that MagLIF loads can be "incompletely" similarity scaled, meaning that the experimental input parameters of MagLIF can be varied such that many (but not all) of the dimensionless quantities are conserved. Based on similarity-scaling arguments, we can explore the parameter space of MagLIF loads and estimate the performance of the scaled loads. In the follow-up papers of this series, we test the similar scaling theory for MagLIF loads against simulations for two different scaling "vectors", which include current scaling and rise-time scaling.
description: 24 pages, submitted to Physics of Plasmas
GraphGLOW: Universal and Generalizable Structure Learning for Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhao, Wentao
name: Wu, Qitian
name: Yang, Chenxiao
name: Yan, Junchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph structure learning is a well-established problem that aims at optimizing graph structures adaptive to specific graph datasets to help message passing neural networks (i.e., GNNs) to yield effective and robust node embeddings. However, the common limitation of existing models lies in the underlying \textit{closed-world assumption}: the testing graph is the same as the training graph. This premise requires independently training the structure learning model from scratch for each graph dataset, which leads to prohibitive computation costs and potential risks for serious over-fitting. To mitigate these issues, this paper explores a new direction that moves forward to learn a universal structure learning model that can generalize across graph datasets in an open world. We first introduce the mathematical definition of this novel problem setting, and describe the model formulation from a probabilistic data-generative aspect. Then we devise a general framework that coordinates a single graph-shared structure learner and multiple graph-specific GNNs to capture the generalizable patterns of optimal message-passing topology across datasets. The well-trained structure learner can directly produce adaptive structures for unseen target graphs without any fine-tuning. Across diverse datasets and various challenging cross-graph generalization protocols, our experiments show that even without training on target graphs, the proposed model i) significantly outperforms expressive GNNs trained on input (non-optimized) topology, and ii) surprisingly performs on par with state-of-the-art models that independently optimize adaptive structures for specific target graphs, with notably orders-of-magnitude acceleration for training on the target graph.
description: Published as a conference paper at KDD 2023