cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conistra Hubner 1821
Creators: name: Benedek, Balázs
name: Volynkin, Anton V.
name: Saldaitis, Aidas
name: Tóth, Balázs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Conistra

description: The Conistra generic complex
Male genitalia of the generic complex are characterized by the simple valva gradually tapering distally and lacking a corona and a costal process which are present in genera of the ‘ Agrochola — Telorta Warren — Hyalobole Warren generic complex’. In female genitalia, the well-developed antrum separated from the posterior section of the ductus bursae by a membranous section is characteristic.
Ronkay et al. (2001) considered the genus Conistra as a member of the ‘ Agrochola-Conistra generic complex’ comprising numerous genera in Eurasia and North America. Subsequently, Ronkay et al. (2017) separated so called ‘conistroid’ genera (called here as the Conistra generic complex) from the ‘ Agrochola — Telorta — Hyalobole generic complex’. Ronkay et al. (2001) listed such Nearctic genera as Metaxaglaea Franclemont, Chaetaglaea Franclemont and Epiglaea Grote as closely related to Conistra. However, the male genitalia ground plan of these taxa is significantly different from that of Conistra and closer to such Xylenina genera as Spudaea Snellen, Jodia Hübner, Evisa Reisser and Eupsilia Hübner. Besides Conistra, we include in the generic complex the genus Suginistra L. Ronkay, G. Ronkay, Gyulai & Varga, 2017 which was considered by Ronkay et al. (2017) as a member of the Agrochola-Telorta-Hyalobole generic complex due to its external similarity to Agrochola and its allies, and three additional new genera described below. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that the subdivision of genera into ‘generic complexes’ as well as evaluation of their relationships based only on morphological features is quite subjective and artificial. Suginistra and Vargalorta gen. n. are probably transitional groups between the Conistra and Agrochola — Telorta — Hyalobole ‘generic complexes’. The question on relationships between the genera and their status can be clarified by using molecular methods with numerous Palaearctic, Oriental and Nearctic groups included in the analysis.
description: Published as part of Benedek, Balázs, Volynkin, Anton V., Saldaitis, Aidas & Tóth, Balázs, 2022, On the taxonomy of the Conistra generic complex with descriptions of three new genera and a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae), pp. 442-458 in Zootaxa 5141 (5) on page 443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6593180
Opisthoncus serratofasciatus L. Koch 1881
Creators: name: Gardzińska, Joanna
name: Żabka, Marek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Opisthoncus
Opisthoncus serratofasciatus

description: Opisthoncus serratofasciatus L. Koch, 1881
(Fig. 27)
Opisthoncus serratofasciatus: Koch L. 1881: 1233; Rainbow 1911: 310; Żabka 1991: 47.
Type material. 1F Holotype, ZMH, Mus. Godeffroy 7726, Australia: Sydney [NSW].
Diagnosis. Female cheliceral retromargin with two-cuspidate tooth (Fig. 27 E). Copulatory openings relatively small, oriented mid-anteriorly, insemination ducts moderately long, with internal structures as in Fig. 27 G. In comparison with similar O. polyphemus spermathecae more distant from each other and abdominal colour pattern different.
Description. Female (cephalothorax damaged, Fig. 27) about 6 mm long. Cephalothorax round and moderately high (CW = 87% of CL, CH = 48% of CL), pale brown, covered with pallid scales, surrounding of eyes almost black with paler markings. Clypeus narrow, pale brown, densely covered with pallid scales and setae (Fig. 27 D). Chelicerae brown, with dentition as in diagnosis. Endites and labium brown, with yellow anterior margins. Sternum relatively wide, yellow with brownish margins and scattered short and fine brown hairs (Fig. 27 C). Abdomen yellow, mottled brown, with distinct longitudinal serrate pallid streak as in Fig. 27 B. Venter yellow, brown on sides, with elongate medial brown stripe (Fig. 27 C). Spinnerets brownish. Legs I brownish, others yellow-orange. Pedipalps yellow, with orange tibiae and tarsi. Epigynal posterior notch rounded, insemination ducts coiled and looped as in Figs 27 F–G, spermathecae moderately large.
Dimensions. CL 2.80, CW 2.44, CH 1.34, AEW 1.88, PEW 1.94, EFL 0.92, AL 3.20, AW 1.92, L1 5.68 (1.60+1.32+1.32+0.88+0.56).
Male unknown.
description: Published as part of Gardzińska, Joanna & Żabka, Marek, 2013, Redescription of the genus Opisthoncus L. Koch, 1880 (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 401-447 in Zootaxa 3717 (4) on page 439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/246494
Clarias intermedius
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Clariidae
Clarias
Clarias intermedius

description: Clarias intermedius: ZRC 46110-46113, 4 paratypes, 174.0-192.5 mm SL; Borneo: Kalimantan Tehgah, Kereng Bengkirai.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2003, Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo., pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 284 on page 7
Baculentulus morikawai Imadate & Yosii 1956
Creators: name: Nakamura, Osami
name: Likhitrakarn, Natdainai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Protura
Acerentomidae
Baculentulus
Baculentulus morikawai

description: Baculentulus morikawai (Imadaté & Yosii, 1956)
Acerentulus morikawai Imadaté & Yosii, 1956, 14–16.
Berberentulus morikawai: Tuxen, 1963, 97; Imadaté, 1974, 195–204. Baculentulus morikawai: Tuxen, 1977, 602; Imadaté, 1989, 100–103. Berberentulus tatuoi Imadaté, 1965, 270–273; 1966, 459.
Baculentulus tatuoi: Tuxen, 1977, 602; 1978, 257.
Material examined. 1 Ƥ and 2 maturi juniores, mixed forest; 1 Ƥ, evergreen forest; 2 Ƥ and 1 maturus junior, plantation.
Remarks. Imadaté (1989) stated that an additional pair of head setae were occasionally present, based on his examination of Javanese specimens. This phenomenon also was recorded for specimens from Nepal, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Japan (Imadaté 1989; Imadaté & So 1992; Nakamura 1997, 2000). However, it was not recorded from Thai specimens (Imadaté 1989). In this survey the specimens from mixed forest did not have the additional setae, whereas the setae were observed in specimens from evergreen forest and plantation.
Distribution. Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaya, Singapore, Borneo, Java, India, Nepal and Seychelles.
description: Published as part of Nakamura, Osami & Likhitrakarn, Natdainai, 2009, Protura (Hexapoda) from Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai, Thailand, pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 2121 on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188104
Clarias meladerma
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Clariidae
Clarias
Clarias meladerma

description: Clarias meladerma: ZRC 38979, 6 ex., 172.8-185.5 mm SL; Sumatra: Jambi, Pasar Angso Duo.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2003, Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo., pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 284 on page 7
Marcinistra metallica Benedek & Volynkin & Saldaitis & Tóth 2022, comb. n.
Creators: name: Benedek, Balázs
name: Volynkin, Anton V.
name: Saldaitis, Aidas
name: Tóth, Balázs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Marcinistra
Marcinistra metallica

description: Marcinistra metallica (Hreblay & L. Ronkay, 1998), comb. n.
(Figs 1, 2, 221, 30)
“ Conistra ” metallica Hreblay & L. Ronkay, 1998, Tinea, 15 (suppl. 1): 232, pl. 153, fig. 10 (Type locality: “ Nepal, Langtang, near Chandrabari, 2860m ”).
Type material examined. Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female, Nepal, Langtang, 1860m, near Chandrabari, 85°21’E, 28°05’N, 25.ix.1994, leg. Csorba & Ronkay, gen. prep. No.: TB2049 (female) (HNHM); 1 male, Nepal, Langtang, 2820m, 3 km SE Syabru, 85°21’E, 28°07’N, 27.ix.1994, leg. Csorba & Ronkay, gen. prep. No.: RL4898 (HNHM).
Diagnosis. The forewing length is 14–15 mm in both sexes. The detailed comparison with M. leichina sp. n. is provided below in the diagnosis of the latter species.
Distribution. Nepal (Hreblay & Ronkay 1998).
description: Published as part of Benedek, Balázs, Volynkin, Anton V., Saldaitis, Aidas & Tóth, Balázs, 2022, On the taxonomy of the Conistra generic complex with descriptions of three new genera and a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae), pp. 442-458 in Zootaxa 5141 (5) on pages 446-447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6593180
Sphingius bilineatus Simon 1906
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius bilineatus

description: Sphingius bilineatus Simon, 1906
Fig. 5
Sphingius bilineatus Simon, 1906: 301; Gravely, 1931: 272, fig. 19J–K.
Type material. Type ♀ from INDIA: Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry): Mahé / Mayyazhi (formerly in Malabar district) (11°42’00.97’’N, 75°32’32.94’’E), 12 m a.s.l., leg. M.M. Maindron, 1901, repository unknown, possibly MNHN, Paris (register number unknown), not examined. Gravely (1931) provided illustrations of authentically identified male and female specimens and were used for comparison.
Remarks. According to the original illustrations (Gravely 1931: fig. 19J–K, herein Fig. 5 A–B), this species may be a senior synonym of S. barkudensis. However, confirmation requires examination of the type or topotype materials of S. bilineatus.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on pages 511-512, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Clarias olivaceus
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Clariidae
Clarias
Clarias olivaceus

description: Clarias olivaceus: ANSP 27280, holotype, 241.8 mm SL; ANSP 27281, 3 paratypes, 157.5-209.5 mm SL; Sumatra: Padang. CAS 108051, 1 ex., 216.0 mm SL; USNM 193033, 9 ex., 113.0-149.8 mm SL; Sumatra: Lake Toba at Prapet. ZRC 41697, 8 ex., 116.2-231.7 mm SL; Sumatra: Jambi province, Kerinci, Sungaipenuh market.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2003, Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo., pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 284 on page 7
Opisthoncus sexmaculatus C. L. Koch 1846
Creators: name: Gardzińska, Joanna
name: Żabka, Marek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Opisthoncus
Opisthoncus sexmaculatus

description: Opisthoncus sexmaculatus (C. L. Koch, 1846)
(Fig. 28)
Plexippus sexmaculatus: Koch 1846: 119. Gangus sexmaculatus: Simon 1903: 700.
Opisthoncus sexmaculatus: Żabka, 1991: 47.
Type material. 1F Holotype, ZMB, 1733, Australia: New Holland [NSW], N. Holland occ., Preiss.
Diagnosis. Copulatory openings relatively small, oriented mid-anteriorly, insemination ducts moderately long, with internal structures as in Fig. 28 D. Differs from similar O. polyphemus and O. serratofasciatus by position of spermathecae and colour pattern of abdomen.
Description. Female (Fig. 28). Cephalothorax round, pale brown, eye field dark brown, covered with greyish and yellow scales and hairs. Surrounding of eyes almost black. Clypeus pale brown, densely covered with numerous pallid scales and setae. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium brown, with yellow anterior margins. Sternum relatively wide, yellow. Abdomen mottled orange, with longitudinal pallid streak and transverse orange stripes, separated by almost black patches, covered with yellow scales and brownish hairs (Fig. 28 B). Venter pallid. Spinnerets almost black. Legs yellow-brownish. Epigyne as in Figs 28 C–D (walls of spermathecae strongly sclerotized, accessory glands rather invisible).
Dimensions. (not measured).
Male unknown.
description: Published as part of Gardzińska, Joanna & Żabka, Marek, 2013, Redescription of the genus Opisthoncus L. Koch, 1880 (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 401-447 in Zootaxa 3717 (4) on page 442, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/246494
Baculentulus ogawai Imadate 1965
Creators: name: Nakamura, Osami
name: Likhitrakarn, Natdainai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Protura
Acerentomidae
Baculentulus
Baculentulus ogawai

description: Baculentulus ogawai (Imadaté, 1965)
Figure 3.
Berberentulus ogawai Imadaté, 1965, 284–286. Baculentulus ogawai: Tuxen, 1977, 602.
Material examined. 4 3, 1 Ƥ, mixed forest. The following description refers mainly to characters introduced by Szeptycki (1980, 1988) and Szeptycki & Bedano (2003).
Description. Body length 764–860 μm. Head 134–160 μm long, 99–110 μm wide. Rostrum not protruding; additional seta (a) absent; postpseudocular (pp) and anteropseudocular setae (ap) present (Fig. 3 A). On maxillary palpus, dorsal and ventral sensilla of same shape, dorsal sensillum slightly longer than ventral sensillum. Labial palpus with three setae and one sensillum. Pseudoculus broader than long, 6–7 μm long, 8 μm wide, PR = 22.0–24.5. Canal of maxillary gland without expansions.
Foretarsus length 66–72 μm; claw 22–23 μm, TR = 2.9–3.3; empodium 3 μm, EU = 0.11–0.14; seta s 27–29 μm, longer than claw; BS = 0.41–0.46. Sensillum t2 at same level with d; a surpassing base of c; b longer than c, almost reaching base of g; c and d close to each other, equal length, surpassing f; e and f close to each other; a' slightly posterior to t1; b' slightly anterior to t2. Middle tarsus 31–33 μm, claw 16–18 μm; hind tarsus 36–38 μm, claw 16–18μm.
Chaetotaxy shown in Figs. 3 B and 3C. Dorsal seta P5 on thorax II minute, on III rudimentary. P1a and P2a on thorax II–III and dorsal accessory setae on abdomen I–VII short, less than 5 μm.
Thoracic tergite II with pores al and sl; III with pore sl (Fig. 3 B). On each side, pore psm present on abdominal tergites I–VIII, psl on VII, al on II-VI (Figs. 3 B, C). Pores ag on V–VII, two pairs on V–VI, one pair on VII (Fig. 3 C). Abdominal sternites V–VI with a pair of pores anterior to P1; VII with one pore anterior to one of P1a. Telson with a dorsal central pore on serrate line and a pair of ventral pores on both sides.
Abdominal appendages II–III each with two setae, median apical seta less than half the length of subapical seta. On abdomen VIII, striate band reduced, striae indistinct; comb with about 10 weak teeth.
Notes. All specimens examined had four setae on sternite IX, whereas Imadaté (1965) described this species as having six setae. Also, the number of teeth on the comb was slightly different. Distribution. Northern Thailand.
description: Published as part of Nakamura, Osami & Likhitrakarn, Natdainai, 2009, Protura (Hexapoda) from Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai, Thailand, pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 2121 on pages 6-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188104
Sphingius caniceps Simon 1906
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius caniceps

description: Sphingius caniceps Simon, 1906
Sphingius caniceps Simon, 1906: 301; Dankittipakul et al., 2011: 19, figs 38–39.
Type material. Syntypes (1 adult ♀ and 1 juvenile ♀) from INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Coromandel coast: Villupuram: Gingee / Senji (12°15’09.33’’N, 79°25’00.52’’E), 87 m a.s.l., leg. M.M. Maindron, 1901, deposited in MNHN (17599), not examined. Dankittipakul et al. (2011: figs 38–39) illustrated the syntype female epigynum, which is diagnostic.
Diagnosis. Females of S. caniceps seem closely related to the females of S. vivax (Thorell, 1897), but can be separated from the latter by a circular epigynal atrium (oval in S. vivax) and a wide plate-like anterior epigynal hood (triangular in S. vivax) (compare fig. 4 with fig. 38 in Dankittipakul et al. 2011).
Note. In his original description, Simon (1906) mentioned the type locality of S. caniceps as “Côte de Coromandel: Genji” (see also Dankittipakul et al. 2011). The place with the spelling ‘Genji’ is a village in the Dungarpur district of the Indian state of Rajasthan. However, the Coromandel Coast is the southeastern coastal region of the Indian subcontinent that forms a part of the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. There is a place with the spelling “Gingee” in the Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu. So, it can be concluded that the type locality of S. caniceps should be “Gingee”, which is in Tamil Nadu, and not “Genji” in Rajasthan (see also Majumder & Tikader 1991). Moreover, M. M. Maindron collected this species during his expedition to southern India in 1901, which also confirms “Gingee” as its type locality. Gravely (1931) and Majumder and Tikader (1991) misidentified their specimens as S. caniceps, but they do in fact belong to an undescribed Sphingius species (see below).
Male. Unknown.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on page 512, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Sphingius nilgiriensis Gravely 1931
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius nilgiriensis

description: Sphingius nilgiriensis Gravely, 1931
Fig. 6
Sphingius nilgiriensis Gravely, 1931: 271, fig. 19C; Majumder & Tikader, 1991: 155, figs 330–333.
Type material. Syntype Ƌ from INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Nilgiris: Kundah (not Kundahs): (11°15’46.41’’N, 76°37’59.98’’E), 1856 m a.s.l., leg. Barnes, 24 September–3 October 1925, deposited in NZC-ZSI (no register number), examined (Fig. 6G).
Diagnosis. Males of S. nilgiriensis seem closely related to the males of S. superbus Dankittipakul, Tavano & Singtripop, 2011, but can easily be separated from the latter by group of bristles located on the proximal part of ventral scutum which are restricted to the rear end of the posterior margin of ventral scutum in S. superbus (compare Fig. 6D with Dankittipakul et al. 2011: fig. 5).
Supplementary description. Male (Fig. 6 A–D). Dorsal scutum covering almost entire length of opisthosoma; ventral scutum smaller than dorsal scutum, less sclerotized; posterior half of venter medially bears group of bristles (Fig. 6D). Body length 5.26. Carapace length 2.33, width 1.85. Opisthosoma length 2.93, width 1.34. Eye diameters: ALE 0.11, AME 0.06, PLE 0.09, PME 0.08. Eye interdistances: ALE–PLE 0.09, AME–ALE 0.03, AME–AME 0.05, AME–PME 0.10, PME–PLE 0.08, PME–PME 0.05. Chelicerae length 0.79. Clypeus height at ALEs 0.07, at AMEs 0.08. Measurements of pedipalp and legs. Pedipalp 1.88 [0.73, 0.32, 0.29, 0.54], I 5.74 [1.59, 0.85, 1.30, 1.10, 0.90], II 4.88 [1.50, 0.78, 1.07, 0.97, 0.56], III 4.56 [1.23, 0.69, 0.84, 1.06, 0.74], IV 7.32 [2.03, 0.96, 1.58, 1.83, 0.92]. Leg formula: 4123. Pedipalp (Fig. 6 E–F, H): retrolateral tibial apophysis short, broad at base, gradually narrowing towards apex (Fig. 6F: RTA). Accessory tegular apophysis short, flat, angular in retrolateral view (Fig. 6E: TA). Embolus moderately long, thin, with blunt tip (Fig. 6E: E). Median tegular apophysis large, with retrolateral process with truncated apex (Fig. 6E: MA). Conductor apparently absent.
Female. Unknown.
Note. In his original description, Gravely (1931) mentioned that the most conspicuous feature of S. nilgiriensis was a white membraneous structure in its pedipalp. It is, in fact, the haematodocha of the expanded pedipalp (Fig. 6E: H).
Remarks. The ZSI collection has one glass bottle for this species labelled as “ Type ” (1514/18), containing a male specimen in fairly good condition, with broken legs and with intact pedipalps.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on pages 512-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Opisthoncus tenuipes Keyserling 1882
Creators: name: Gardzińska, Joanna
name: Żabka, Marek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Opisthoncus
Opisthoncus tenuipes

description: Opisthoncus tenuipes (Keyserling, 1882)
(Fig. 29)
Hyllus tenuipes: Keyserling 1882: 1342.
Opisthoncus tenuipes: Simon 1903: 826, 828, 829; Żabka, 1991: 47.
Type material. 1 M, 1 juv. Syntypes, ZMH, Mus. Godeffroy 8640, Australia: Brisbane [Queensland].
Diagnosis. Male cheliceral promargins with distal tooth larger than the proximal one, retromargins unidentate (Fig. 29 F). Frontal male cheliceral surface with sclerotized ridge, terminating with vestigial spur (Fig. 29 E). Ventral spurs teeth-like, enlarged and located near fangs, the latter with dorsal and external outgrowths (Fig. 29 F). Differs from other species mainly by armament of male chelicerae (as above) and palpal organ structure, with embolus short, arising at 12 o’clock and retrolateral tibial apophysis dorsally bent. Abdomen with colour pattern similar to the females of O. abnormis and O. keyserlingi.
Description. Male (Fig. 29) about 5 mm long. Cephalothorax moderately round and high (CW = 85% of CL, CH = 53% of CL), brown, eye field lighter and covered with pallid scales (Figs 29 B–C). Surrounding of eyes black, except of AME, which are brown. Clypeus moderately narrow, pale brown, clothed in scattered pallid scales and setae (Fig. 29 E). Chelicerae brown, with armament as in diagnosis. Maxillae and labium dark brown with yellow anterior margins. Sternum relatively narrow, orange (Fig. 29 D). Abdomen elongate, yellow-brown, with herring-bone pattern on brownish background as in Fig. 29 B. Venter yellowish, darker on sides, with elongate stripes of small orange dots (Fig. 29 D). Spinnerets yellow. Palpal organ (Figs 29 G–J) yellow, with brown cymbium, tegulum relatively narrow, embolus short, embolus located anteriorly, translucent part of spermophore not meandering, tibia makes 69% of cymbium length, retrolateral tibial apophysis hooked.
Dimensions. CL 2.20, CW 1.88, CH 1.16, AEW 1.64, PEW 1.88, EFL 1.16, AL 2.76, AW 1.40, L1 7.92 (2.04+1.60+2.12+1.40+0.76).
Female unknown.
Remark. Referring to the original illustrations by Koch and Keyserling, it is likely that O. teniupes and O. abnormis represent single species. However, because of lacking the male type specimen of O. abnormis, this has to be verified on new material.
chelicera); F: chelicera, ventral view; G–J: palpal organ, ventral and retrolateral views. Scale bars B–C: 1 mm; H, J: 0.25 mm.
description: Published as part of Gardzińska, Joanna & Żabka, Marek, 2013, Redescription of the genus Opisthoncus L. Koch, 1880 (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 401-447 in Zootaxa 3717 (4) on pages 442-444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/246494
Clarias planiceps
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Clariidae
Clarias
Clarias planiceps

description: Clarias planiceps: FMNH 68103, 22 paratypes, 70.8-210.8 mm SL; Borneo: Sarawak, Third Division, tributary of Baleh River, between Sungai Entunau and Sungai Putai. USNM 323727, 1 paratype, 297.3 mm SL; Borneo: Sarawak, Batang Balui, tributary stream, Batang Belahui.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2003, Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo., pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 284 on page 7
Sphingius paltaensis Biswas & Biswas 1992
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius paltaensis

description: Sphingius paltaensis Biswas & Biswas, 1992
Fig. 7
Sphingius paltaensis Biswas & Biswas, 1992: 426, figs 36–38. Type material. Holotype ♀ from INDIA: West Bengal: North 24 Parganas: Palta: Santi Nagar (22°46’57.51’’N, 88°22’50.46’’E), 12 m a.s.l., leg. Bijan Biswas, 8 December 1986, deposited in NZC-ZSI (5046/18), examined (Fig. 7E).
Diagnosis. Females of S. paltaensis are closely related to the females of S. spinosus Dankittipakul, Tavano & Singtripop, 2011, but can be separated by circular atrium (quadrangular in S. spinosus) and sharply curved copulatory ducts (gently curved in S. spinosus) (compare Fig. 7 C–D with Dankittipakul et al. 2011: figs 25–26).
Supplementary description. Female (Fig. 7 A–B). Body length 6.46. Carapace length 2.76, width 2.30. Opisthosoma length 3.70, width 2.00. Eye diameters: ALE 0.14. AME 0.10. PLE 0.11. PME 0.15. Eye interdistances: ALE–PLE 0.07. AME–ALE 0.04. AME–AME 0.06. AME–PME 0.08. PME–PLE 0.06. PME–PME 0.07. Chelicerae length 0.96. Clypeus height at ALEs 0.07, at AMEs 0.13. Measurements of palp and legs. Palp 3.00 [0.93, 0.58, 0.59, 0.90], I 8.38 [2.38, 1.23, 1.90, 1.48, 1.39], II 6.52 [1.72, 0.87, 1.39, 1.36, 1.18], III 6.17 [1.66, 0.93, 1.18, 1.39, 1.01], IV 9.17 [2.74, 1.19, 1.96, 2.41, 0.87]. Leg formula: 4123. Genitalia (Fig. 7 C–D, F): epigynal plate moderately sclerotized. Atrium large, nearly circular, with wide anterior hood (Fig. 7C). Copulatory openings situated on postero-lateral margin of epigynal atrium. Copulatory ducts short, curving medially (Fig. 7D). Bursae globular, with indistinct stalks, arising on distal part of copulatory ducts (Fig. 7D). Spermathecae large, more or less pear-shaped, lying parallel to each other (Fig. 7D). Fertilization ducts more or less linear-shaped, directed mesally towards each other (Fig. 7D).
Male. Unknown.
Remarks. The ZSI collection has one glass bottle for this species labelled as ‘holotype’ (5046/18) containing a female specimen with broken legs, otherwise in good condition. The same bottle has a small glass vial containing the dissected genitalia. There is an inconsistency in the registration number of this species; the label mentions it as ‘5406/18’, but in the original literature, it is given as ‘5046/18’.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on pages 514-515, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Opisthoncus unicolor L. Koch 1881
Creators: name: Gardzińska, Joanna
name: Żabka, Marek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Opisthoncus
Opisthoncus unicolor

description: Opisthoncus unicolor L. Koch, 1881
(Fig. 30)
Opisthoncus unicolor: Koch L. 1881: 1235; Rainbow 1911: 310; Żabka 1991: 47.
Type material. 1F Holotype, ZMH, Mus. Godeffroy 7737, Australia: Peak Downs.
Diagnosis. Female cheliceral retromargin with fissidentate, two-cuspidate tooth (Fig. 30 E). Copulatory openings relatively small, oriented anteriorly, insemination ducts moderately short, coiled. Differs from other species by orientation of copulatory openings and course of insemination ducts.
Description. Female (Fig. 30) about 9 mm long. Cephalothorax widest at PLE and moderately high (CW = 84% of CL, CH = 53% of CL), brown, clothed in recumbent, pallid scales (Figs 30 B–D). Surrounding of eyes almost black. Clypeus moderately narrow, pale brown, with dense pallid scales and setae, the latter also cover the base of chelicerae (Fig. 30 F). Cheeks covered with orange hairs. Chelicerae brown, with dentition as in diagnosis. Endites and labium brown, with yellow anterior margins. Sternum relatively narrow, orange with brown margins and scattered pallid and brown hairs. Abdomen yellow, densely clothed in adpressed pallid scales and scattered brown hairs, colour pattern rather indistinct. Spinnerets orange. Venter greyish yellow, with elongate stripes of small gray dots. Legs yellow-orange, first pair brown. Pedipalps yellow, with orange tibiae and tarsi. Epigyne with posterior notch as in Figs 30 G–H, insemination ducts short, coiled in one loop, spermathecae close to each other, walls of spermathecae strongly sclerotized, accessory glands rather invisible.
Dimensions. CL 2.28, CW 1.92, CH 1.20, AEW 1.72, PEW 1.72, EFL 0.80, AL 2.96, AW 2.00, L1 5.70 (1.40+1.16+1.16+0.76+0.48).
Male unknown.
description: Published as part of Gardzińska, Joanna & Żabka, Marek, 2013, Redescription of the genus Opisthoncus L. Koch, 1880 (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 401-447 in Zootaxa 3717 (4) on page 446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/246494
Sphingius sp. Thorell 1890
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius sp.

description: Sphingius sp.
Figs 8–9
Sphingius caniceps Gravely, 1931: 271, fig. 19E–F (misidentification); Majumder & Tikader, 1991: 150, figs 315–319 (misidentification).
Material examined. Ƌ and ♀ (NZC-ZSI 5751/H2) from INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Chennai (formerly Madras), 13°04’57.65’’N, 80°16’14.59’’E, 4 m a.s.l., date unknown, leg. F.H. Gravely (Fig. 8E).
Remarks. Gravely (1931) misidentified these specimens as S. caniceps and they do in fact belong to an undescribed Sphingius species. The female epigynum seems unique among other known female congeners, as it possesses inverted triangular postero-lateral epigynal margins separated medially from the anterior circular atrium by a transverse M-shaped plate (Fig. 9E). At present, a description of these specimens as a new species is difficult, due to the very poor condition and the genitalia are bleached, losing relevant diagnostic details, particularly those of the male. We therefore treat this species as Sphingius sp. until fresh specimens are available from Chennai. The ZSI collection has two glass bottles for this species named as “ S. caniceps ”, collected from Chennai. The first bottle (5751/ H2) contains a male and a female specimen in bad condition. The second bottle (5752/H2) is empty; the specimen(s) in this bottle may either be lost or perhaps loaned and not returned or misplaced elsewhere in the collection.
Natural history. Sphingius sp. live among leaf litter, stones and soil (Gravely 1931).
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on page 515, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Caryanda nigrotibia Mao, Xu & Li 2017
Creators: name: Song, Hong
name: Yin, Zhi-Long
name: Storozhenko, Sergey Yu.
name: Mao, Ben-Yong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Caryanda
Caryanda nigrotibia

description: Caryanda nigrotibia Mao, Xu & Li, 2017
Chinese common name: DZü卵OEè
(Fig. 1)
Caryanda nigrotibia Mao, Xu & Li, 2017: 39 (2): 87–90, figs. 3–4, 14–21 (holotype —male, China: Jiangcheng County, in BMDU; examined).
Type material examined. Holotype: male, CHINA: Jiangcheng County, Yunnan Province, 22°36′N, 101°52′E, alt. 1300 m, 7 August 2012, leg. Benyong Mao. Deposited in BMDU. Paratypes: 6 males, 4 females, same data as holotype; 1 male, same data as holotype but 12 July 2009, leg. Jishan Xu & Miao Li.
Distribution. China: Yunnan.
description: Published as part of Song, Hong, Yin, Zhi-Long, Storozhenko, Sergey Yu. & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2024, A review of the Caryanda tamdaoensis species-group (Orthoptera: Acrididae), with description of a new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 412-426 in Zootaxa 5474 (4) on pages 413-417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5474.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/12681324
Baimistra baima Benedek & Volynkin & Saldaitis & Tóth 2022, comb. n.
Creators: name: Benedek, Balázs
name: Volynkin, Anton V.
name: Saldaitis, Aidas
name: Tóth, Balázs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Baimistra
Baimistra baima

description: Baimistra baima (Benedek, Babics & Saldaitis, 2011), comb. n.
(Figs 5–7, 23, 32)
Conistra (s. l.) baima Benedek, Babics & Saldaitis, 2011, Esperiana, 18: 9; plate 2, fig. 8; gen. fig. 10 (Type locality: China, NW Yunnan, Baima Xue Shan, near Yak La pass, N28°24,900’ E98°59,800’, 3900m ”).
Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 7, 32): female, “ China, NW Yunnan, Baima Xue Shan, near Yak La pass, N28°24.900’, E98°59. 800’, 21-22. V. 2012, leg. Floriani ”, slide No. JB 2021 (ZSM).
Additional material examined: 1 male, 1 female, China, W Sichuan, 50 km NE from Xiangcheng, 3200 m, 07.V.2016, Saldaitis leg.”, gen. prep. No.: JB2532 (male) (coll. AFM).
Remark. The forewing length is 13 mm in male and 12–13 mm in females. Diagnosis and description of female were provided by Benedek et al. (2013). The male diagnosis and description are provided above under the genus.
Distribution. The species is known from two localities in north-western Yunnan (Benedek et al. 2013) and western Sichuan Provinces of China.
description: Published as part of Benedek, Balázs, Volynkin, Anton V., Saldaitis, Aidas & Tóth, Balázs, 2022, On the taxonomy of the Conistra generic complex with descriptions of three new genera and a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae), pp. 442-458 in Zootaxa 5141 (5) on page 448, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6593180
Inthaeron longipes Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Cithaeronidae
Inthaeron
Inthaeron longipes

description: Inthaeron longipes (Gravely, 1931) comb. nov.
Figs 10–11
Sphingius longipes Gravely, 1931: 270, fig. 19A–B; Majumder & Tikader, 1991: 148, figs 311–314.
Type material. Syntype Ƌ from INDIA: Kerala: Palakkad: Pattambi (formerly in Malabar district): beside the traveller’s bungalow, leg. F.H. Gravely, 24–28 May 1930, deposited in NZC-ZSI (no register number), examined (Fig. 10E).
Justification of the transfer. Detailed examination of the syntype of S. longipes Gravely, 1931 revealed that it has the typical somatic morphology for Cithaeronidae Simon, 1893 (Fig. 10 A–D) and the diagnostic features of the monotypic cithaeronid genus Inthaeron Platnick, 1991, as illustrated for Inthaeron rossi Platnick, 1991, the type species of the genus: highly coiled embolus, and embolus with a fringed flange (compare Fig. 11 A–C with Platnick & Gajbe 1994: figs 1–3). Based on these observations, we propose to transfer S. longipes to Inthaeron.
Diagnosis. The male of I. longipes comb. nov. can be separated from the male of I. rossi by the following combination of features: broad retrolateral tibial apophysis (narrow in I. rossi), fringed flange with a prolateral twist (fringed flange with retrolateral twist in I. rossi) and absence of a median apophysis (I. rossi with highly reduced median apophysis) (compare Figs 10F and 11 A–C with Platnick & Gajbe 1994: figs 1–3). Females can be separated from the females of I. rossi by an anteriorly oriented long, median tongue-like plate (Fig. 10F), which is absent in the latter species (Gravely 1931; Platnick 1991: fig. 21).
Note. With the transfer of S. longipes, the total number of known Inthaeron species is increased to two, I. rossi and I. longipes comb. nov.; both species are known from both sexes.
Remarks. The ZSI collection has one glass bottle for this species labelled as “ Type ” (1513/18), containing a male specimen in good condition, with intact pedipalps. Gravely (1931) also described the female of this species (Fig. 10F), but we could not trace any female specimen in the collection.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on pages 515-518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Baimistra pusilla Benedek & Volynkin & Saldaitis & Tóth 2022, comb. n.
Creators: name: Benedek, Balázs
name: Volynkin, Anton V.
name: Saldaitis, Aidas
name: Tóth, Balázs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Baimistra
Baimistra pusilla

description: Baimistra pusilla (Benedek, Babics & Saldaitis, 2011), comb. n.
(Figs 8, 33)
Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 8, 33): female, “ China, W. Sichuan, Tibetan Plateau, Xinduqiao env., h- 3500m. 08.10.2010. N29.52.391’ E102.18.593’, Saldaitis leg.”, gen. prep. No.: JB1614 (ZSM).
Remark. The forewing length is 13 mm in the holotype female. Diagnosis and description of female were provided by Benedek et al. (2013).
Distribution. The species is known by the single specimen from western Sichuan Province of China (Benedek et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of Benedek, Balázs, Volynkin, Anton V., Saldaitis, Aidas & Tóth, Balázs, 2022, On the taxonomy of the Conistra generic complex with descriptions of three new genera and a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae), pp. 442-458 in Zootaxa 5141 (5) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6593180
Baeolidia Bergh 1888
Creators: name: Carmona, Leila
name: Pola, Marta
name: Gosliner, Terrence M.
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Aeolidiidae
Baeolidia

description: Genus Baeolidia Bergh, 1888
Diagnosis of the genus Baeolidia based on Bergh (1888). Forma corporis minus depressa quam in Aeolidiis propriis; rhinophoria annulate moriformia, tentacula digitiformia; papillae dorsales non numerosae, compressae, sat breves; margo anterior podarii profunde sulcatus, angulis fortiter productis.- Penis inermis. Mandibulae applanatae: margo masticatorius sublaevis. Radula uniseriata, dentibus simpliciter pectinatis.
Body low. Rhinophores perfoliate. Oral tentacles digitiform. Cerata scarce, compressed, short. Anterior margin grooved. Penis unarmed. Jaws flattened, masticatory border almost smooth. Radula uniseriate, teeth with simple denticulation (translated from Bergh, 1888)
description: Published as part of Carmona, Leila, Pola, Marta, Gosliner, Terrence M. & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2014, Review of Baeolidia, the largest genus of Aeolidiidae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia), with the description of five new species, pp. 477-514 in Zootaxa 3802 (4) on page 479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/249605
Comaroma
Creators: name: Roberts
Publisher: name: Naturalis
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anapidae
Comaroma

description: Genus Comaroma
Met de enige Europese soort van dit genus wist men taxonomisch niet goed raad. Men rekende hem vroeger tot de Linyphiidae en recenter tot de Theridiidae. Oppervlakkig lijkt hij wel wat op de kogelspin Pholcomma gibbum (vooral het mannetje) en de mannelijke palp heel't een kogelspin-achtig paracymbium in de vorm van een een uitsteeksel aan de rand bij de top van het cymbium. Maar recente studie maakt aannemelijk dat hij bij de Anapidae thuis hoort.
description: Published as part of Roberts, 1998, Spinnengids, Leiden :Naturalis on page 310
Caryanda tamdaoensis Storozhenko 1992
Creators: name: Song, Hong
name: Yin, Zhi-Long
name: Storozhenko, Sergey Yu.
name: Mao, Ben-Yong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Caryanda
Caryanda tamdaoensis

description: Caryanda tamdaoensis Storozhenko, 1992
Chinese common name: ŵDz卵OEè
(Figs 2, 3)
Caryanda tamdaoensis Storozhenko, 1992: 40, figs. 11–25 (holotype —male, Vietnam: Tamdao, in ZIN; examined).
Caryanda aurata Mao, Ren & Ou, 2007: 57 (holotype —male, China: Maguan, in BMDU; examined). Syn. nov.
Type material examined. Caryanda tamdaoensis: Holotype: male, VIETNAM: Tamdao [= Tam Đ ảo District, Vĩnh Phúc province, northern Vietnam], alt. 900–1000 m, 9–18 November 1990, leg. A. V. Gorochov. Deposited in Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Paratypes: 3 males, 4 females, same data as holotype. Caryanda aurata: Holotype: male, CHINA: Yunnan: Maguan, 22°49′N, 103°58′E, alt. 1700 m, 20 July 2006, leg. Zizhong Yang, Benyong Mao, Jishan Xu, Yulong Wang, Haoyu Liu, Yuxia Yang and Qiqi Wu. Deposited in BMDU. Paratypes: 21 males, 5 females, same data as holotype.
Other material examined. 5 males, 5 females, CHINA: Yunnan: Hekou, 22°52′N, 103°37′E, alt. 1108 m, 30 August 2022, leg. Zhilong Yin; 30 males, 19 females, Maguan, 23°3′N, 104°14′E, alt. 1537 m, 3 September 2022, leg. Zhilong Yin; 1 male, 2 females, CHINA: Yunnan: Pinbian, 23°00′N, 104°3′E, alt. 1594 m, 1 April 2022, leg. Zhilong Yin.
Mesurements of length (in mm). For types of C. tamdaoensis. Body: male 20–22.3, female 26.5–28; pronotum: male 4–4.1, female 5.4–6; tegmen: male 3.6–3.8, female 4.1–4.7; hind femur: male 12.1–12.6, female 15.7–16.2. For the nominal species of C. aurata. Body: male 20.3–23.3, female 25.6–27.9; pronotum: male 3.8–4.1, female 4.8–5.0; tegmen: male 3.8–4.1, female 4.1–4.8; hind femur: male 12.0–12.4, female 13.5–15.2.
Distribution. Vietnam: Tamdao; China: Yunnan.
Remarks. By comparing the type specimens of Caryanda aurata with C. tamdaoensis from Vietnam, based on the substantial similarities in the external morphology and male genitalia structures, both species are proven to be conspecific. They share the following diagnostic characteristics: head and pronorum blue (male) or green (female) in dorsal view; hind femora with basal half yellowish and apical half reddish in both sexes; epiphallus with lophi nearly parallelogrammic in posterior view and distal-inner corner nearly rectangular; phallic complex with cingular valves and apical penis valves lathy, upcurved, distally tapering, and with a beak-shaped apex in lateral view; posterior margin of female subgenital plate roundly projected at the middle. Therefore, a new synonymy is proposed here according to Article 23 of the Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999).
description: Published as part of Song, Hong, Yin, Zhi-Long, Storozhenko, Sergey Yu. & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2024, A review of the Caryanda tamdaoensis species-group (Orthoptera: Acrididae), with description of a new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 412-426 in Zootaxa 5474 (4) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5474.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/12681324
Cambalida kambakamensis Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Caleb, John T. D.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Corinnidae
Cambalida
Cambalida kambakamensis

description: Cambalida kambakamensis (Gravely, 1931) comb. nov.
Figs 12–13
Sphingius kambakamensis Gravely, 1931: 271, fig. 19D; Majumder & Tikader, 1991: 154, figs 326–329.
Type material. Syntype Ƌ from INDIA: Andhra Pradesh: about 50 miles north-west of Chennai: Kambakam Hills (13°34’03.5’’N, 79°50’29.1’’E), 609–702 m (2000–2500 ft) a.s.l., leg. F.H. Gravely, 28–31 August 1922, deposited in NZC-ZSI (no register number), examined (Fig. 12F).
Justification of the transfer. Detailed examination of the syntype of S. kambakamensis Gravely, 1931 revealed that the pedipalp of this species is similar to that of the corinnid genus Cambalida Simon, 1909, as illustrated for C. deorsa Murthappa, Prajapati, Sankaran & Sebastian, 2016 and C. tuma Murthappa, Prajapati, Sankaran & Sebastian, 2016 (compare Figs 12 C–E, 13A–C with Murthappa et al. 2016: figs 2A–C, 3A–C). Based on these observations, we propose to transfer S. kambakamensis to Cambalida.
Diagnosis. This species seems very close to C. deorsa, but can be separated from the latter by its embolic tip, which is slightly curved, while in C. deorsa it is straight (compare Fig. 13 B–C with Murthappa et al. 2016: figs 2C, 3C).
Remarks. The ZSI collection has one glass bottle for this species labelled as “ Type ” (5753/H2) containing a male specimen in fairly good condition, with broken legs. Both of its pedipalps are remained detached, but only the left one is found inside the bottle.
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2020, A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae), pp. 505-522 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on page 519, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4387671
Comaroma simoni Bertkau
Creators: name: Roberts
Publisher: name: Naturalis
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anapidae
Comaroma
Comaroma simoni

description: Comaroma simoni Bertkau 1889, Har nas spin netje
Beschrijving ♀ ♂ 1,4-1,7min. Ogenstand en de kenmerkende scuta op abdomen zijn afgebeeld in Familie-tabel (p. 55). Vourmiddenogen soms nog meer gereduceerd dan afgebeeld, soms blijft er alleen wat zwart pigment van over, soms ontbreken ze geheel. Zonder stekels optibiae (i.t.t. Pholcomma). Metatarsus I bij ♂ heel licht verdikt. Scuta en sigilla zijn oranjebruin. Abdomen van? gelig, maar bedekt met een groot aantal kleine sigilla, wat er wal als een honingraat uitziet. Ventraal een scutum op epigastrale gebied. Abdomen van ♂ met boven en onder een scutum; huid tussen de scuta gelig met rijen sigilla. Epigyne en ♂-palp kenmerkend; iaatste wel variabel. Habitat Maakt onregelmatig webje (diep) in het strooisel van (vochtig) bos. Volwassen Voorjaar. Verspreiding NL B; Zeldz., in O-B in prov. Luik, in NL in Z-Lim; Heeft bij ons N- grens. ZO- & M-El).
description: Published as part of Roberts, 1998, Spinnengids, Leiden :Naturalis on page 310
Microbial Fuel Cell Design Informed by Bio-Electrochemical Analysis
Creators: name: Pham, Ha Thanh Nguyen
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2025

description: This research investigates microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a sustainable energy source by exploring electron transfer mechanisms and optimizing system performance using electrochemical techniques. A new membrane-less MFC was developed, and electroactive bacteria from environmental samples were screened and identified. The study examines how different bacteria interact with electrodes and how their energy production can be improved. The findings contribute to advancing cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions, with the potential to reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and promote environmentally friendly energy production.
Caryanda azurea Gorochov & Storozhenko 1994
Creators: name: Song, Hong
name: Yin, Zhi-Long
name: Storozhenko, Sergey Yu.
name: Mao, Ben-Yong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Caryanda
Caryanda azurea

description: Caryanda azurea Gorochov & Storozhenko, 1994
Remarks. Two species, C. azurea and C. colourfula, were described from North Vietnam and South China, respectively (Gorochov & Storozhenko, 1994; Mao et al., 2011). The shape of male genitalia of both species are identical but the specimens from Yunnan are smaller and the color of hind femora mostly red while Vietnamese specimens are larger and hind femora yellowish brown (rare grayish green) without red color. In Vietnam, this species occupied highlands at altitude below 1000 m, while in China it is found in mountains at altitudes 1300–1800 m.
description: Published as part of Song, Hong, Yin, Zhi-Long, Storozhenko, Sergey Yu. & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2024, A review of the Caryanda tamdaoensis species-group (Orthoptera: Acrididae), with description of a new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 412-426 in Zootaxa 5474 (4) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5474.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/12681324