cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Seed phytochemical profiling of three olive cultivars, antioxidant capacity, enzymatic inhibition, and effects on human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y)
Creators: name: Gouvinhas, Irene
name: Garcia, Juliana
name: Granato, Daniel
name: Barros, Ana
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This work evaluated the phytochemical composition of olive seed extracts from different cultivars (‘Cobrançosa’, ‘Galega’, and ’Picual’) and their antioxidant capacity. In addition, it also appraised their potential antineurodegenerative properties on the basis of their ability to inhibit enzymes associated with neurodegenerative diseases: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase (TYR). To achieve this goal, the phenolic composition of the extracts was deter-mined through high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode-array detection and electrospray ionization/ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn ).The antioxidant capacity was assessed by two different methods (ABTS•+ and DPPH•), and the antineurodegenerative potential by the capacity of these extracts to inhibit the aforementioned related enzymes. The results showed that seed extracts presented a high content of phenolic compounds and a remarkable ability to scavenge ABTS•+ and DPPH•. Tyrosol, rutin, luteolin-7-glucoside, nüzhenide, oleuropein, and ligstroside were the main phenolic compounds identified in the extracts. ‘Galega’ was the most promising cultivar due to its high concentration of phenolic compounds, high antioxidant capacity, and remarkable inhibition of AChE, BChE, and TYR. It can be concluded that olive seed extracts may provide a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for medical and industrial applications.
A low-cost and reliable laser shutter interlock using a software-command interface
Creators: name: Rogers, Joshua P
name: Murray, Andrew J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple and low-cost laser interlock is presented that operates via software commands issued by an ESP32 microcontroller. The architecture of the device is constructed to ensure the laser output is shut off in the event of either an open circuit on the interlock signal line from the laser enclosure or loss of power to the device. Unintentional exposure to the laser beam is prevented by overruling local controls (such as a keypad), until both the enclosure is re-interlocked and the user actively intervenes. The device presented is designed to close the mechanical shutter of a Spectra-Physics Millennia Pro pump laser while it continues to operate internally. The hardware and coding are versatile enough to be deployed on any instrument that receives software commands via a serial interface.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Spin Superfluidity in Coplanar Multiferroics
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Sigrist, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiferroics with coplanar magnetic order are discussed in terms of a superfluid condensate, with special emphasis on spin supercurrents created by phase gradients of the condensate and the effect of external electric fields. By drawing the analogy to a superconducting condensate, phenomena such as persistent currents in rings, the Little-Parks effect, fluxoid quantization, the Josephson-like effect through spin domain walls, and interference behavior in a SQUID-like geometry are analyzed for coplanar multiferroics.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
'It's Just Business' ... Or Is It? When an Efficient Breach of Contract Becomes Unconscionable Conduct under the Australian Consumer Law
Creators: name: Giancaspro, Mark
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Contract law

description: In business it is sometimes more economically viable for a party to intentionally breach their contract with the other party and pay damages than it is to proceed with the agreement. The theory of efficient breach justifies this behaviour on the basis that the innocent party is adequately compensated and the party in breach is ‘better off’ as a consequence of abandoning the contract. There is limited judicial authority suggesting that such a breach may violate the statutory prohibitions against unconscionable conduct in trade or commerce contained in the Australian Consumer Law. The point at which it may do so remains unclear. This article critically considers the relationship between the common law of contract and the Australian Consumer Law in this context and examines the relevant case law to identify when an efficient breach of contract may amount to statutory unconscionability.
Current-Dependent Periodicities of Si(553)-Au
Creators: name: Polei, S.
name: Snijders, P. C.
name: Broer, K. -H. Meiwes
name: Barke, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quasi one-dimensional atomic chains on Si(553)-Au with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The observed periodicity at the Si step edge can be altered by the STM and depends on the magnitude of the tunneling current. In a recent report this reversible structural transition was attributed to transient doping with a characteristic time scale of a few milliseconds. Here we explore the evolution of the STM topography as a function of the magnitude of the tunneling current for a wide temperature range. Based on a decomposition of topographic line profiles and a detailed Fourier analysis we conclude that all observed currentdependent STM topographies can be explained by a time-averaged linear combination of two fluctuating step-edge structures. These data also reveal the precise relative alignment of the characteristic STM features for both phases along the step edges. A simple diagram is developed, presenting the relative contribution of these phases to the STM topography as a function of tunneling current and temperature. Time- and current-dependent measurements of fluctuations in the tunneling current reveal two different transition regimes that are related to two specific current injection locations within the surface unit cell. A method based on spatially resolved I(z)curves is presented that enables a quantitative analysis of contributing phases.
description: submitted, 6 figures
A Non-Detection of Red Supergiant Convection in Gaia
Creators: name: Kochanek, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale surface convection on red supergiants (RSGs) can lead to shifts in the photocenter of the star which might be measured by Gaia and used as a new probe of the surface dynamics of these rare but important stars. Unlike brightness variations, photocenter motions would provide information on the physical scale of the convective cells. The signal would be that RSGs show an excess astrometric noise at the level of a few percent of the stellar radius. Unfortunately, we find that the excess astrometric noise level of Gaia EDR3 is roughly an order of magnitude too large to detect the predicted motions and that RSGs have excess astrometric noise indistinguishable from other stars of similar magnitude and parallax. The typical excess astrometric noise steadily decreases with G magnitude (for G<11 mag), so it is crucial to compare stars of similar brightness.
description: 5 pages, submitted to MNRAS
Exchange-based two-qubit gate for singlet-triplet qubits
Creators: name: Wardrop, Matthew P.
name: Doherty, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a simple exchange-based two-qubit gate for singlet-triplet qubits in gate-defined semiconductor quantum dots that can be implemented in a single exchange pulse. Excitations from the logical subspace are suppressed by a magnetic field gradient that causes spin-flip transitions to be non-energy-conserving. We show that the use of adiabatic pulses greatly reduces leakage processes compared to square pulses. We also characterise the effect of charge noise on the entanglement fidelity of the gate both analytically and in simulations; demonstrating high entanglement fidelities for physically realistic experimental parameters. Specifically we find that it is possible to achieve fidelities and gate times that are comparable to single-qubit states using realistic magnetic field gradients.
description: 12 pages + 7 pages supplementary info, 5 figures. Comments welcome. This version incorporates the changes made during the review process for PRB
Gauged $\mathcal{N}=3,D=4$ Supergravity: a new web of marginally connected vacua
Creators: name: Fré, Pietro
name: Giambrone, Alfredo
name: Ruggeri, Daniele
name: Trigiante, Mario
name: Vaško, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the vacuum structure of $\mathcal{N}=3,D=4$ supergravity coupled to 9 vector multiplets with gauge group ${\rm SO}(3)\times {\rm SU}(3)$. Aside from the central $\mathcal{N}=3$ AdS$_4$ vacuum at the origin, on which the supermultiplet structure reproduces the massless sector of M-theory compactified on $\mathrm{N^{0,1,0}}$, we find a rich structure of AdS$_4$ vacua preserving $\mathcal{N}=0,1,2,3$ supersymmetry. These new vacua are arranged in a manifold spanned by scalar fields corresponding to exactly marginal deformations of the dual CFT. This manifold has the form $T^3/K$, where $K$ is a discrete subgroup of the gauge group: $\mathcal{N}=3,2$ and $1$ vacua correspond, respectively, to a point, a line and a surface in the three-dimensional vacuum manifold. We study RG flows from the central $\mathcal{N}=3$ vacuum and elaborate on the possible higher dimensional origin of the new vacua. For the reader's convenience we also provide a review of the embedding tensor formulation of $D=4$, $\mathcal{N}=3$ gauged supergravities. In particular we provide formulas involving the fermion shift tensors and mass matrices in $\mathcal{N}=3$ theories, which can be applied to a generic gauging.
Multi-fidelity Machine Learning for Perovskite Band Gap Predictions
Creators: name: Manganaris, Panayotis Thalis
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Compound semiconductors
Organic semiconductors
Machine learning not elsewhere classified
Data engineering and data science

description: A wide range of optoelectronic applications demand semiconductors optimized for purpose. My research focused on data-driven identification of ABX3 Halide perovskite compositions for optimum photovoltaic absorption in solar cells. I trained machine learning models on previously reported datasets of halide perovskite band gaps based on first principles computations performed at different fidelities. Using these, I identified mixtures of candidate constituents at the A, B or X sites of the perovskite supercell which leveraged how mixed perovskite band gaps deviate from the linear interpolations predicted by Vegard's law of mixing to obtain a selection of stable perovskites with band gaps in the ideal range of 1 to 2 eV for visible light spectrum absorption. These models predict the perovskite band gap using the composition and inherent elemental properties as descriptors. This enables accurate, high fidelity prediction and screening of the much larger chemical space from which the data samples were drawn.
 I utilized a recently published density functional theory (DFT) dataset of more than 1300 perovskite band gaps from four different levels of theory, added to an experimental perovskite band gap dataset of \textasciitilde{}100 points, to train random forest regression (RFR), Gaussian process regression (GPR), and Sure Independence Screening and Sparsifying Operator (SISSO) regression models, with data fidelity added as one-hot encoded features. I found that RFR yields the best model with a band gap root mean square error of 0.12 eV on the total dataset and 0.15 eV on the experimental points. SISSO provided compound features and functions for direct prediction of band gap, but errors were larger than from RFR and GPR. Additional insights gained from Pearson correlation and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis of learned descriptors suggest the RFR models performed best because of (a) their focus on identifying and capturing relevant feature interactions and (b) their flexibility to represent nonlinear relationships between such interactions and the band gap. The best model was deployed for predicting experimental band gap of 37785 hypothetical compounds. Based on this, we identified 1251 stable compounds with band gap predicted to be between 1 and 2 eV at experimental accuracy, successfully narrowing the candidates to about 3% of the screened compositions.
Positive Potential: How Sex Positivity Can Benefit Legal Thinking and Sex Work Regulation in Australia
Creators: name: Stardust, Zahra
name: Bennett, Theodore
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other law and legal studies not elsewhere classified

description: This article highlights the value of sex positivity as a framework for thinking about law and demonstrates this value by applying a sex positive legal approach to the regulation of sex work in Australia. This article begins by explaining sex positivity, identifying its central principles and responding to some of the criticisms of it. It then charts the emergence of a distinct line of sex positive thinking within legal commentary, catalogues sex positivity’s various uses for legal analysis and explores what the sex positive commitment to sexual autonomy means in terms of law. This article ends by generating a series of reform proposals for sex work regulation in Australia that model the operationalisation of sex positive legal thinking in practice. Ultimately, this article argues that the adoption of sex positive legal thinking allows law to contribute towards the development of a society in which access, information, resources, decision-making and accountability around sex are better facilitated and more equitably facilitated across social groups. In terms of the regulation of sex work in Australia, this would involve not just decriminalisation but also sweeping legal reforms around education, access, work and oppressive social structures.
DOPAL and the Olfactory Bulb: a novel platform to mimic prodromal Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Enrico
name: Trotier, Alexandre
name: McMahon, Jill
name: Biggs, Manus
name: FitzGerald, Una
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: A main limitation for the clinical use of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by the lack of reliable, inexpensive and easy models for the development, assessment and validation of these potentially powerful therapies. In this sense, organotypic brain slices can be a useful tool combining the main advantages of in vivo studies with the excellent experimental accessibility of in vitro models. Knowing that the olfactory bulb (OB) is one of the first part of the brain affected in PD, the aim of our study was to determine the utility of cultured olfactory bulb (OB) slices, as a platform to model prodromal PD. To induce Parkinson’s-like dysfunction, slices were treated with DOPAL, a metabolite of dopamine, physiologically present in the OB and whose concentration is increased in PD patients. DOPAL caused a significant increase the content of ROS and nitrites (p<0.05), resulting in reduced viability of treated slices. A possible mechanism of action is through the damage of mitochondria and the impairment of the physiological energy homeostasis in the cells. Using the Seahorse extracellular flux analysis, we detected signs of mitochondrial damage, such as significantly increased proton leak or significantly decreased coupling efficacy and spare respiratory capacity, all of which appeared within minutes DOPAL addition to culture media (p<0.05).

In conclusion, OB slices show great promise as a tool that could be used to test prospective cell-based therapies for PD.
One dimensional directed polymer "memory model"
Creators: name: Dotsenko, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I propose very simple statistical "memory model" of one-dimensional directed polymers which is capable to store and retrieve a given random quenched trajectory. The model is defined in terms of the elastic string Hamiltonian with the local attractive potential between the dynamic and the quenched random strings. The average overlap between them is calculated as a function of the temperature and the strength of the attractive potential.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Binding time: Investigations on the integration of visual stimulus duration
Creators: name: Köllnberger, Katrin
name: Bogon, Johanna
name: Dreisbach, Gesine
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Feature binding; partial repetition costs; temporal binding; timing; time perception
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The perception of and reaction to objects creates bindings of (object) features and responses, also called event files. In this context, time is a so far understudied feature. We conducted four experiments to investigate whether the duration of visual stimuli is also integrated into such event files. Experiments 1, 2, and 4 used a simple colour classification task and in Experiment 3 the location of a stimulus had to be classified. In all Experiments, the presentation duration of the stimuli (coloured circles) was either short (20 ms) or long (300 ms). We expected partial repetition costs as an indicator of binding. That is, performance should be better when both colour (Experiment 3: location) and duration repeat or alternate relative to partial repetitions. Results showed no partial repetition costs in Experiments 1 and 3, indicating no integration of duration into visual event files. Experiments 2 and 4 revealed partial repetition costs. Performance was better when Colour and Duration repeated compared with a partial repetition. What distinguishes the latter two experiments from the former is that the coloured stimuli could change their presentation location. The results of all four experiments show a pattern that duration can be integrated into visual event files depending on two criteria: The experimental context holds the possibility of a location change of the target stimulus (Experiments 2 and 4) and the location itself is not response relevant (Experiment 3). The role of location changes for the integration of temporal stimulus features into visual event files is discussed.
The Globular Cluster Migratory Origin of Nuclear Star Clusters
Creators: name: Arca-Sedda, Manuel
name: Capuzzo-Dolcetta, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear Star Clusters (NSCs) are often present in spiral galaxies as well as resolved Stellar Nuclei (SNi) in elliptical galaxies centres. Ever growing observational data indicate the existence of correlations between the properties of these very dense central star aggregates and those of host galaxies, which constitute a significant constraint for the validity of theoretical models of their origin and formation. In the framework of the well known 'migratory and merger' model for NSC and SN formation, in this paper we obtain, first, by a simple argument the expected scaling of the NSC/SN mass with both time and parent galaxy velocity dispersion in the case of dynamical friction as dominant effect on the globular cluster system evolution. This generalizes previous results by \cite{TrOsSp} and is in good agreement with available observational data showing a shallow correlation between NSC/SN mass and galactic bulge velocity dispersion. Moreover, we give statistical relevance to predictions of this formation model, obtaining a set of parameters to correlate with the galactic host parameters. We find that the correlations between the masses of NSCs in the migratory model and the global properties of the hosts reproduce quite well the observed correlations, supporting the validity of the migratory-merger model. In particular, one important result is the flattening or even decrease of the value of the NSC/SN mass obtained by the merger model as function of the galaxy mass for high values of the galactic mass, i.e. $\gtrsim 3\times 10^{11}$M$_\odot$, in agreement with some growing observational evidence.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Positive Potential: How Sex Positivity Can Benefit Legal Thinking and Sex Work Regulation in Australia
Creators: name: Stardust, Zahra
name: Bennett, Theodore
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other law and legal studies not elsewhere classified

description: This article highlights the value of sex positivity as a framework for thinking about law and demonstrates this value by applying a sex positive legal approach to the regulation of sex work in Australia. This article begins by explaining sex positivity, identifying its central principles and responding to some of the criticisms of it. It then charts the emergence of a distinct line of sex positive thinking within legal commentary, catalogues sex positivity’s various uses for legal analysis and explores what the sex positive commitment to sexual autonomy means in terms of law. This article ends by generating a series of reform proposals for sex work regulation in Australia that model the operationalisation of sex positive legal thinking in practice. Ultimately, this article argues that the adoption of sex positive legal thinking allows law to contribute towards the development of a society in which access, information, resources, decision-making and accountability around sex are better facilitated and more equitably facilitated across social groups. In terms of the regulation of sex work in Australia, this would involve not just decriminalisation but also sweeping legal reforms around education, access, work and oppressive social structures.
Recognising and Defining Animal Sentience in Legislation: A Framework for Importing Positive Animal Welfare through the Five Domains Model
Creators: name: Robertson, Ian
name: Goldsworthy, Daniel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal law

description: Animals are increasingly being recognised as sentient through international treaties and domestic legislation. If explicit recognition is to result in meaningful change, it must be accompanied by a corresponding legislative definition of sentience. We argue that best-practice in assessing the welfare of animals of all species requires that the Five Domains model of animal welfare inform the legislative recognition and definition of animal sentience. This is the leading scientific model of animal welfare and recognises that animals can experience both negative and positive affective states. We propose a definition of sentience that extends current legal responsibilities to not just protect animals from unnecessary and unreasonable negative states but also provide them with opportunities for positive affective states. Finally, we demonstrate how the current legal test for animal welfare compliance can be extended to encompass positive affective states. Reforming law so that is consistent with the Five Domains model elevates standards of animal welfare to provide animals under human care with the opportunity for a life enjoyed, not just endured.
Effect of chiral nuclear forces on the neutrino mean free path in hot neutron matter
Creators: name: Vidana, Isaac
name: Logoteta, Domenico
name: Bombaci, Ignazio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of chiral nuclear forces on the propagation of neutrinos in hot neutron matter. In particular, we analyze the convergence of the dynamical structure factor and the neutrino mean free path with the order of the power counting of the chiral forces, as well as the role of the regulator cut-off of these forces in the determination of these quantities. Single-particle energies and chemical potentials needed to calculate the dynamical structure factor are obtained within the Brueckner--Hartree--Fock approximation extended to finite temperature. Our results show that the dynamical structure factor and the neutrino mean free path depend on the cut-off only when the chiral potential is considered at leading order (LO) and next-to leading order (NLO), becoming this dependence strongly reduced at higher orders in the chiral power counting due to the role of three-nucleon forces that start to contribute at next-to-next-to leading order (N$^2$LO) being, in particular, almost negligible at next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N$^3$LO). The neutrino mean free path is found to converge up to densities slightly below $\sim 0.15$ fm$^{-3}$ when increasing the order of the chiral power counting, although no signal of convergence is found for densities above this value. The uncertainty associated with our order-by-order nuclear many-body calculation of the neutrino mean free path is roughly estimated from the difference between the results obtained at N$^2$LO and N$^3$LO, finding that it varies from about a few centimeters at low densities up to a bit less than $2$ meters at the largest one considered in this work, $0.3$ fm$^{-3}$.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Additional file 16 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of Fusarium circinatum-responsive lncRNAs in Pinus radiata
Creators: name: Zamora-Ballesteros, Cristina
name: Martín-García, Jorge
name: Suárez-Vega, Aroa
name: Diez, Julio Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 16.
Non-analytic Term in Effective Potential at Finite Temperature for Scalar Field on Compactified Space
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Makoto
name: Takenaga, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-analytic terms, which cannot be written in the form of any positive integer power of field-dependent mass squared, in effective potential at finite temperature in one-loop approximation for a real scalar field on the $D$-dimensional space-time, $S_τ^1\times R^{D-(p+1)}\times\prod_{i=1}^pS_i^1$. The effective potential can be recast into the integral form in the complex plane by using the integral representation for the modified Bessel function of the second kind and the analytical extension for multiple mode summations. The pole structure of the mode summations is clarified and all the non-analytic terms are obtained by the residue theorem. We find that the effective potential has a non-analytic term when the dimension of the flat Euclidean space, $D-(p+1)$ is odd. There appears only one non-analytic term for the given values of $D$ and $p$, for which the non-analytic term exists.
description: 29 pages, no figures
Simultaneous Transitions in Cuprate Momentum-Space Topology and Electronic Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Fujita, K.
name: Kim, Chung Koo
name: Lee, Inhee
name: Lee, Jinho
name: Hamidian, M. H.
name: Firmo, I. A.
name: Mukhopadhyay, S.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Lawler, M. J.
name: Kim, E. -A.
name: Davis, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of electronic symmetry breaking in the underdoped cuprates, and its disappearance with increased hole-density $p$, are now widely reported. However, the relationship between this transition and the momentum space ($\vec{k}$-space) electronic structure underpinning the superconductivity has not been established. Here we visualize the $\vec{Q}$=0 (intra-unit-cell) and $\vec{Q}\neq$0 (density wave) broken-symmetry states simultaneously with the coherent $\vec{k}$-space topology, for Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+d}$ samples spanning the phase diagram 0.06$\leq p \leq$0.23. We show that the electronic symmetry breaking tendencies weaken with increasing $p$ and disappear close to $p_c$=0.19. Concomitantly, the coherent $\vec{k}$-space topology undergoes an abrupt transition, from arcs to closed contours, at the same $p_c$. These data reveal that the $\vec{k}$-space topology transformation in cuprates is linked intimately with the disappearance of the electronic symmetry breaking at a concealed critical point.
description: Journal reference added. Main materials: 13 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary materials: 18 pages, 9 figures
Maria Marhoffer-Wolff (2002): Frauen und Feen. Entwicklung und Wandel einer Beziehung (Besessenheit in Yasin/Nordpakistan)
Creators: name: Holdschlag, Arnd
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2023

description: Südasien, Bd. 24 Nr. 4 (2004): Nepal ... Coup des "aktiven Monarchen"
A hot sub-Neptune in the desert and a temperate super-Earth around faint M dwarfs: Color validation of TOI-4479b and TOI-2081b
Creators: name: Esparza-Borges, E.
name: Parviainen, H.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Maas, A.
name: Morello, G.
name: Zapatero-Osorio, M. R.
name: Barkaoui, K.
name: Narita, N.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Crouzet, N.
name: Galán, D.
name: Fernández, G. E.
name: Kagetani, T.
name: Kawauchi, K.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Korth, J.
name: Kusakabe, N.
name: Laza-Ramos, A.
name: Luque, R.
name: Livingston, J.
name: Madrigal-Aguado, A.
name: Mori, M.
name: Orell-Miquel, J.
name: Puig-Subirá, M.
name: Stangret, M.
name: Terada, Y.
name: Watanabe, N.
name: Zou, Y.
name: Savel, A. Baliga
name: Belinski, A. A.
name: Collins, K.
name: Dressing, C. D.
name: Giacalone, S.
name: Gill, H.
name: Goliguzova, M. V.
name: Ikoma, M.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Tamura, M.
name: Twicken, J. D.
name: Ricker, G. R.
name: Schwarz, R. P.
name: Seager, S.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Winn, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery and validation of two TESS exoplanets orbiting faint M dwarfs: TOI-4479b and TOI-2081b. We have jointly analyzed space (TESS mission) and ground based (MuSCAT2, MuSCAT3 and SINISTRO instruments) lightcurves using our multi-color photometry transit analysis pipeline. This allowed us to compute contamination limits for both candidates and validate them as planet-sized companions. We found TOI-4479b to be a sub-Neptune-sized planet ($R_{p}=2.82^{+0.65}_{-0.63}~\rm R_{\oplus}$) and TOI-2081b to be a super-Earth-sized planet ($R_{p}=2.04^{+0.50}_{-0.54}~\rm R_{\oplus}$). Furthermore, we obtained that TOI-4479b, with a short orbital period of $1.15890^{+0.00002}_{-0.00001}~\rm days$, lies within the Neptune desert and is in fact the largest nearly ultra-short period planet around an M dwarf known to date. These results make TOI-4479b rare among the currently known exoplanet population around M dwarf stars, and an especially interesting target for spectroscopic follow-up and future studies of planet formation and evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics
Recognising and Defining Animal Sentience in Legislation: A Framework for Importing Positive Animal Welfare through the Five Domains Model
Creators: name: Robertson, Ian
name: Goldsworthy, Daniel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animal law

description: Animals are increasingly being recognised as sentient through international treaties and domestic legislation. If explicit recognition is to result in meaningful change, it must be accompanied by a corresponding legislative definition of sentience. We argue that best-practice in assessing the welfare of animals of all species requires that the Five Domains model of animal welfare inform the legislative recognition and definition of animal sentience. This is the leading scientific model of animal welfare and recognises that animals can experience both negative and positive affective states. We propose a definition of sentience that extends current legal responsibilities to not just protect animals from unnecessary and unreasonable negative states but also provide them with opportunities for positive affective states. Finally, we demonstrate how the current legal test for animal welfare compliance can be extended to encompass positive affective states. Reforming law so that is consistent with the Five Domains model elevates standards of animal welfare to provide animals under human care with the opportunity for a life enjoyed, not just endured.
Phase-covariant mixtures of non-unital qubit maps
Creators: name: Siudzińska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze convex combinations of non-unital qubit maps that are phase-covariant. In particular, we consider the behavior of maps that combine amplitude damping, inverse amplitude damping, and pure dephasing. We show that mixing non-unital channels can result in restoring the unitality, whereas mixing commutative maps can lead to non-commutativity. For the convex combinations of Markovian semigroups, we prove that classical uncertainties cannot break quantum Markovianity. Moreover, contrary to the Pauli channel case, the semigroup can be recovered only by mixing two other semigroups.
Exploring Special Relative Locality with deSitter momentum-space
Creators: name: Loret, Niccoló
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative Locality is a recent approach to the quantum-gravity problem which allows to tame nonlocality effects which may rise in some models which try to describe Planck-scale physics. I here explore the effect of Relative Locality on basic special-relativistic phenomena. In particular I study the deformations due to Relative Locality of special-relativistic transformation laws for momenta at all orders in the rapidity parameter $ξ$. I underline how those transformations also define the RL characteristic (momentum-dependent) invariant metric. I focus my analysis on the well studied deSitter momentum-space framework and I investigate the differences and similarities between this model and Special Relativity, from the definition of the boost parameter $γ$ to a first discussion of transverse-effects characteristic of Relative Locality on clocks observables.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Conformally coupled theories and their deformed compact objects: from black holes, radiating spacetimes to eternal wormholes
Creators: name: Babichev, Eugeny
name: Charmousis, Christos
name: Hassaine, Mokhtar
name: Lecoeur, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a higher order conformally coupled scalar tensor theory endowed with a covariant geometric constraint relating the scalar curvature with the Gauss-Bonnet scalar. It is a particular Horndeski theory including a canonical kinetic term but without shift or parity symmetry for the scalar. The theory also stems from a Kaluza-Klein reduction of a well defined higher dimensional metric theory. Properties of an asymptotically flat spherically symmetric black hole are analyzed, and new slowly rotating and radiating extensions are found. Through disformal transformations of the static configurations, gravitating monopole-like solutions and eternal wormholes are presented. The latter are shown to extract from spacetime possible naked singularities, yielding completely regular and asymptotically flat spacetimes.
DOPAL-Treated Olfactory Bulb Organotypic Slices as a Model of Prodromal Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Enrico
name: FitzGerald, Una
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: DOPAL-Treated Olfactory Bulb Organotypic Slices as a Model of Prodromal Parkinson's Disease
A Solution for the Greedy Approximation of a Step Function with a Waveform Dictionary
Creators: name: Rivero, Jorge Andres
name: Vellucci, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C40, 65T60

description: In this paper we consider a step function characterized by an arbitrary sequence of real-valued scalars and approximate it with a matching pursuit (MP) algorithm. We utilize a waveform dictionary with rectangular window functions as part of this algorithm. We show that the waveform dictionary is not necessary when all of the scalars are either non positive or non negative and the parameters of a wavelet dictionary on an integer lattice yields a closed-form solution for the initial optimization problem as part of the MP. Additionally, for any real-valued scalar sequence, we provide a solution with a related wavelet dictionary at each iteration of the algorithm. This allows for practical calculation of the approximating function, which we use to provide examples on simulated and real univariate time series data that display discontinuities in its underlying structure where the step function can be thought of as a sample from a signal of interest.
Decomposition of benzene during impacts in N2-dominated atmospheres: Supplementary Information
Creators: name: Petera, Lukáš
name: Knížek, Antonín
name: Laitl, Vojtěch
name: Ferus, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Laboratory astrophysics (2004), Infrared Spectroscopy (2285), Exoplanet atmospheric evolution (2308), Titan (2186), Exoplanet atmospheres (487)

description: Supplementary Information to a paper entitled: Decomposition of benzene during impacts in N2-dominated atmospheres. The Supplementary Information contains data, figures and additional information about the experiment published in the main paper. The information expands the results on the measured reaction kinetics, provides rate constants and concentrations of various species in time as well as SEM images of the solid phase produced during the experiment.
Prediction of Near-Room-Temperature Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect on Honeycomb Materials
Creators: name: Wu, Shu-chun
name: Shan, Guangcun
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, this long-sought quantum anomalous Hall effect was realized in the magnetic topological insulator. However, the requirement of an extremely low temperature (approximately 30 mK) hinders realistic applications. Based on \textit{ab-initio} band structure calculations, we propose a quantum anomalous Hall platform with a large energy gap of 0.34 and 0.06 eV on honeycomb lattices comprised of Sn and Ge, respectively. The ferromagnetic order forms in one sublattice of the honeycomb structure by controlling the surface functionalization rather than dilute magnetic doping, which is expected to be visualized by spin polarized STM in experiment. Strong coupling between the inherent QSH state and ferromagnetism results in considerable exchange splitting and consequently an FM insulator with a large energy gap. The estimated mean-field Curie temperature is 243 and 509 K for Sn and Ge lattices, respectively. The large energy gap and high Curie temperature indicate the feasibility of the QAH effect in the near-room-temperature and even room-temperature regions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
Supplementary Materials from Life-history responses to temperature and seasonality mediate ectotherm consumer–resource dynamics under climate warming
Creators: name: Twardochleb, Laura A.
name: Zarnetske, Phoebe L.
name: Klausmeier, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Field data, parameterization of model, and results of sensitivity analyses.
Dissecting the microphysics behind the metallicity-dependence of massive stars radii
Creators: name: Xin, Chengcheng
name: Renzo, Mathieu
name: Metzger, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the radii of massive stars throughout their evolution is important to answering numerous questions about stellar physics, from binary interactions on the main sequence to the pre-supernova radii. One important factor determining a star's radius is the fraction of its mass in elements heavier than Helium (metallicity, $Z$). However, the metallicity enters stellar evolution through several distinct microphysical processes, and which dominates can change throughout stellar evolution and with the overall magnitude of $Z$. We perform a series of numerical experiments with 15M$_{\odot}$ MESA models computed doubling separately the metallicity entering the radiative opacity, the equation of state, and the nuclear reaction network to isolate the impact of each on stellar radii. We explore separately models centered around two metallicity values: one near solar $Z=0.02$ and another sub-solar $Z\sim10^{-3}$, and consider several key epochs from the end of the main sequence to core carbon depletion. We find that the metallicity entering the opacity dominates at most epochs for the solar metallicity models, contributing to on average $\sim$60 - 90% of the total change in stellar radius. Nuclear reactions have a larger impact ($\sim$50 - 70%) during most epochs in the subsolar $Z$ models. The methodology introduced here can be employed more generally to propagate known microphysics errors into uncertainties on macrophysical observables including stellar radii.
The QCD improved electroweak parameter $ρ$
Creators: name: Wang, Sheng-Quan
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Shen, Jian-Ming
name: Han, Hua-Yong
name: Ma, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we make a detailed analysis for the QCD corrections to the electroweak $ρ$ parameter by applying the principle of maximum conformality (PMC). As a comparison, we show that under the conventional scale setting, we have $Δρ|_{\rm N^3LO} = \left(8.257^{+0.045}_{-0.012}\right) \times10^{-3}$ by varying the scale $μ_{r}\in[M_{t}/2$, $2M_{t}]$. By defining a ratio, $ΔR=Δρ/3X_t-1$, which shows the relative importance of the QCD corrections, it is found that its scale error is $\sim \pm9 \%$ at the two-loop level, which changes to $\sim\pm4\%$ at the three-loop level and $\sim \pm 2.5\%$ at the four-loop level, respectively. These facts well explain why the conventional scale uncertainty constitutes an important error for estimating the $ρ$ parameter. On the other hand, by applying the PMC scale setting, the four-loop estimation $Δρ|_{\rm N^3LO}$ shall be almost fixed to $8.228\times10^{-3}$, which indicates that the conventional scale error has been eliminated. We observe the pQCD convergence for the $ρ$ parameter has also been greatly improved due to the elimination of the divergent renormalon terms. As applications of the present QCD improved $ρ$ parameter, we show the shifts of the $W$-boson mass and the effective leptonic weak-mixing angle due to $Δρ$ can be reduced to $δM_{W}|_{\rm N^3LO} =0.7$ MeV and $δ\sin^2θ_{\rm eff}|_{\rm N^3LO}=-0.4\times10^{-5}$.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Discussions improved. To be published in Phys.Rev.D
Influence of homeostatic mechanisms of bacterial growth and division on structural properties of biofilms. A computer simulation study
Creators: name: Delgado-Campos, Andrés
name: Cuetos, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacterial growth and division generally occur by the process known as binary fission, in which the cells grow polarly until they divide into two daughter cells. Although this process is affected by factors that introduce stochastic variability in both growth rate and daughter cell length, the fact is that the size distribution in bacterial communities, also known as biofilm, remains stable over time. This suggests the existence of homeostatic mechanisms that contribute to maintaining a stable size distribution. Those known as sizer and adder stand out among these mechanisms whose relevance is not entirely determined. In this work, computer simulations using an agent-based model, are used to study the effect of these homeostatic mechanisms on the geometrical and structural properties of the developing biofilm, focusing on the early stages of its development. Also, it was examined the effect of linear or exponential dependence with the time of cellular growth on these properties. From our study, we deduce that these mechanisms do not have a noticeable impact on the properties studied, which could be due to the importance that stochastic factors play in the cell division and growth process. In addition, we discuss how competition between cell growth and diffusion is a key aspect in explaining the structure and geometry of developing bacterial colonies.
Mathematica Code (PDF Format) from Life-history responses to temperature and seasonality mediate ectotherm consumer–resource dynamics under climate warming
Creators: name: Twardochleb, Laura A.
name: Zarnetske, Phoebe L.
name: Klausmeier, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mathematica notebook containing model results.
Sensitivity of Rydberg-atom receiver to frequency and amplitude modulation of microwaves
Creators: name: Borówka, Sebastian
name: Pylypenko, Uliana
name: Mazelanik, Mateusz
name: Parniak, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic systems involving Rydberg states is known to be a sensitive probe of incident microwave (MW) fields, in particular those resonant with Rydberg-to-Rydberg transitions. Here we propose an intelligible analytical model of Rydberg atomic receiver's response to amplitude- (AM) and frequency-modulated (FM) signals, and compare it with experimental results: we present a setup that allows sending signals with either AM or FM and evaluating their efficiency with demodulation. Additionally, the setup reveals a new detection configuration, using all circular polarizations for optical fields and allowing detection of circularly polarized MW field, propagating colinearly with optical beams. In our measurements we systematically present that several parameters exhibit local optimum characteristics and then estimate these optimal parameters and working ranges, addressing the need to devise a robust Rydberg MW sensor and its operational protocol.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures