cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Feature-tailored spectroscopic analysis of the SNR Puppis A in X-rays
Creators: name: Luna, G. J. M.
name: Smith, M. J. S.
name: Dubner, G.
name: Giacani, E.
name: Castelletti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a distinct method to perform spatially-resolved spectral analysis of astronomical sources with highly structured X-ray emission. The method measures the surface brightness of neighbouring pixels to adaptively size and shape each region, thus the spectra from the bright and faint filamentary structures evident in the broadband images can be extracted. As a test case, we present the spectral analysis of the complete X-ray emitting plasma in the supernova remnant Puppis A observed with XMM-Newton and Chandra. Given the angular size of Puppis A, many pointings with different observational configurations have to be combined, presenting a challenge to any method of spatially-resolved spectroscopy. From the fit of a plane-parallel shocked plasma model we find that temperature, absorption column, ionization time scale, emission measure and elemental abundances of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S and Fe, are smoothly distributed in the remnant. Some regions with overabundances of O-Ne-Mg, previously characterized as ejecta material, were automatically selected by our method, proving the excellent response of the technique. This method is an advantageous tool for the exploitation of archival X-ray data.
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Putting all the X in one basket: Updated X-ray constraints on sub-GeV Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cirelli, Marco
name: Fornengo, Nicolao
name: Koechler, Jordan
name: Pinetti, Elena
name: Roach, Brandon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-GeV dark matter particles can annihilate or decay producing e^\pm pairs which upscatter the low-energy photon fields in the Galaxy and generate an X-ray emission (via the Inverse Compton effect). Using X-ray data from Xmm-Newton, Integral, NuStar and Suzaku, we derive new constraints on this class of dark matter (DM). In the annihilation case, our new bounds are the strongest available for DM masses above 180 MeV, reaching < 10^-28 cm^3/s for m_DM ~ 1 GeV. In the decay case, our bounds are the strongest to date over a large fraction of the considered mass range, constraining tau > 10^28 s for m_DM ~ 1 GeV and improving by up to 3 orders of magnitude upon existing limits.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
What is Enterprise Technical Debt?
Creators: name: Bellomo, Stephany
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During architecture evaluations, we typically identify technical-debt issues within a single system or project. However, the impact of technical debt often reaches beyond the scope of a single system or project. In our work, we refer to this form of technical debt as enterprise technical debt. Like all technical debt, enterprise technical debt consists of choices expedient in the short term, but often problematic over the long term. Ignoring enterprise technical debt can have significant consequences, so architects should be alert for it, and they should not let it get overlooked or ignored when they come across it. In this post, I provide examples of enterprise technical debt (and the risk it represents) taken from real-world projects.
Simulation and design of shaped pulses beyond the piecewise-constant approximation
Creators: name: Rasulov, Uluk
name: Acharya, Anupama
name: Carravetta, Marina
name: Mathies, Guinevere
name: Kuprov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Response functions of resonant circuits create ringing artefacts if their input changes rapidly. When physical limits of electromagnetic spectroscopies are explored, this creates two types of problems. Firstly, simulation: the system must be propagated accurately through every response transient, this may be computationally expensive. Secondly, optimal control: circuit response must be taken into account; it may be advantageous to design pulses that are resilient to such distortions. At the root of both problems is the popular piecewise-constant approximation for control sequences in the rotating frame; in magnetic resonance it has persisted since the earliest days and has become entrenched in the commercially available hardware. In this paper, we report an implementation and benchmarks of recent Lie-group methods that can efficiently simulate and optimise smooth control sequences.
Effects of mirror birefringence and its fluctuations to laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Michimura, Yuta
name: Wang, Haoyu
name: Salces-Carcoba, Francisco
name: Wipf, Christopher
name: Brooks, Aidan
name: Arai, Koji
name: Adhikari, Rana X
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline materials are promising candidates as substrates or high-reflective coatings of mirrors to reduce thermal noises in future laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors. However, birefringence of such materials could degrade the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors, not only because it can introduce optical losses, but also because its fluctuations create extra phase noise in the arm cavity reflected beam. In this paper, we analytically estimate the effects of birefringence and its fluctuations in the mirror substrate and coating for gravitational wave detectors. Our calculations show that the requirements for the birefringence fluctuations in silicon substrate and AlGaAs coating will be on the order of $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-10}$ rad/$\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ at 100~Hz, respectively, for future gravitational wave detectors. We also point out that optical cavity response needs to be carefully taken into account to estimate optical losses from depolarization.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Homology modeling, docking, molecular dynamics and in vitro studies to identify Rhipicephalus microplus acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Creators: name: Cerqueira, Amanda Ponce Morais
name: Santana, Isis Bugia
name: Araújo, Janay Stefany Carneiro
name: Lima, Hélimar Gonçalves
name: Batatinha, Maria José Moreira
name: Branco, Alexsandro
name: dos Santos, Manoelito Coelho
name: Botura, Mariana Borges
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Rhipicephalus microplus is an important ectoparasite of cattle, causing considerable economical losses. Resistance to chemical acaricides has stimulated the search for new antiparasitic drugs, including natural products as an eco-friendly alternative of control. Flavonoids represent a class of natural compounds with many biological activities, such as enzyme inhibitors. Acetylcholinesterase is an essential enzyme for tick survival that stands out as an important target for the development of acaricides. This work aimed to predict this 3D structure by homology modeling and use the model to identify compound with inhibitory activity. The model of R. microplus AChE1 (RmAChE1) was constructed using MODELLER program. The optimization and molecular dynamic investigation were performed in GROMACS program. The model developed was used, by molecular docking, to evaluate the anticholinesterase activity of flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, diosmin, naringin and hesperidin) and an acaricide synthetic (eserine). Additionally, in vitro inhibition of AChE and larval immersion tests were performed. The model of RmAChE1 showed to be sterically and energetically acceptable. In molecular dynamics simulations, the 3D structure remains stable with Root Mean Square Deviation = 3.58 Å and Root Mean Square Fluctuation = 1.43 Å. In molecular docking analyses, only eserine and quercetin show affinity energy to the RmAChE (Gridscore: −52.17 and −39.44 kcal/mol, respectively). Among the flavonoids, quercetin exhibited the best in vitro inhibition of AChE activity (15.8%) and mortality of larvae tick (30.2%). The use of in silico and in vitro techniques has shown that quercetin showed promising anti-tick activity and structural requirements to interact with RmAChE1. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Dyson's spike for random Schroedinger operators and Novikov-Shubin invariants of groups
Creators: name: Kotowski, Marcin
name: Virág, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Schroedinger operators with random edge weights and their expected spectral measures $μ_H$ near zero. We prove that the measure exhibits a spike of the form $μ_H(-\varepsilon,\varepsilon) \sim \frac{C}{| \log\varepsilon|^2}$ (first observed by Dyson), without assuming independence or any regularity of edge weights. We also identify the limiting local eigenvalue distribution, which is different from Poisson and the usual random matrix statistics. We then use the result to compute Novikov-Shubin invariants for various groups, including lamplighter groups and lattices in the Lie group Sol.
Metadynamics-based enhanced sampling protocol for virtual screening: case study for 3CLpro protein for SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Namsani, Sadanandam
name: Pramanik, Debabrata
name: Khan, Mohd Aamir
name: Roy, Sudip
name: Singh, Jayant Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: In recent times, computational methods played an important role in the down selection of chemical compounds, which could be a potential drug candidate with a high affinity to target proteins. However, the screening methodologies, including docking, often fails to identify the most effective compound, which could be a ligand for the target protein. To solve that, here we have integrated meta-dynamics, an enhanced sampling molecular simulation method, with all-atom molecular dynamics to determine a specific compound that could target the main protease of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). This combined computational approach uses the enhanced sampling to explore the free energy surface associated with the protein's binding site (including the ligand) in an explicit solvent. We have implemented this method to find new chemical entities that exhibit high specificity of binding to the 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) present in the SARS-CoV-2 and segregated to the most strongly bound ligands based on free energy and scoring functions (defined and implemented) from a set of 17 ligands which were prescreened for synthesizability and druggability. Additionally, we have compared these 17 ligands' affinities against controls, N3 and 13b α-ketoamide inhibitors, for which experimental crystal structures are available. Based on our results and analysis from the combined molecular simulation approach, we could identify the best compound which could be further taken as a potential candidate for experimental validation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
IMINORIBITOL-MODIFIED 3,4-DIARYL-ISOXAZOLES AS POTENT INHIBITORS OF CK1δ/ε
Creators: name: Luxenburger, Andreas
name: Schmidt, Dorian
name: Ianes, Chiara
name: Pichlo, Christian
name: Krüger, Marc
name: von Drathen, Thorsten
name: Brunstein, Elena
name: Gainsford, Graeme
name: Baumann, Ulrich
name: Knippschild, Uwe
name: Peifer, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Invitro and in silico anti-leukemic activity of 2-amino-6-nitro-4-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-yl)-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile (ANC) through inhibition of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins
Creators: name: Veena, Vijay Kumar
name: Choudhury, Ahana Roy
name: Harikrishnan, Adhikesavan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An array of 4H-chromene derivatives have been reported for anticancer properties but their selectivity and mode of anticancer activity are unexplored. In this context, we have investigated a biologically active synthetically designed 4H-Chromene carbonitrile derivative, 2-amino-6-nitro-4-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-yl)-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile (ANC) that is strongly and selectively inhibited Bcl-2 over expressing human leukemic (HL-60 and K562) cells for its interaction and elucidated the mode of action. The interaction of ANC was investigated against the antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w that were overexpressed in leukemic cells using in silico and fluorescent spectroscopic studies. Fluorescent spectroscopic based interaction studies showed that the derivative had strong interaction with Bcl-xL followed by Bcl-2/Bax and least interaction with Bcl-w. Based on the results, the ANC had strong interactions with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bax proteins than the Bcl-xL and Bcl-w proteins. The in vitro biological validation of ANC treated leukemic cells showed downregulation of Bcl-xL than Bcl-2 but least effect on Bcl-w proteins. Furthermore, the ANC had possible four isomers as RR, RS, SR and SS isomers. Among them, RS isomer of ANC had shown more active that correlated with biological interactions and gene expression studies of ACN with oncoproteins. These results confirmed the induction of apoptosis by RS-ACN isomer through inhibition of antiapoptotic machineries of leukemic cells confirming the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 inhibitory activities. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
The charge and mass symmetry breaking in the $KK\bar{K}$ system
Creators: name: Filikhin, Igor
name: Kezerashvili, Roman Ya.
name: Vlahovic, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Faddeev equations in configuration space, we investigate the $K$(1460) meson as a resonant state of the $KK\bar{K}$ kaonic system. We perform calculations for the particle configurations $K^{0}K^{+}K^{-}$ and $K^{0}K^{+}\overline{{K}^{0}}$ within two models: the $ABC $ model, in which all three particles are distinguishable, and the $AAC$ model when two particles are identical. The models differ in their treatment of the kaon mass difference and the attractive Coulomb force between the $K^{+}K^{-}$ pair. We found that the Coulomb shift adds over 1 MeV to the three-body binding energy. The expected correction to the binding energy due to mass redistribution from $AA$ to $AB$ is found to be negligible, up to a maximum of 6\% of the relative mass correction. At the same time, the symmetry of the wave function is distorted depending on the mass ratio value. We found that the repulsive $KK$ interaction plays essential role in the binding energy of the $KK\bar K$ system and report the mass of 1461.8 or 1464.1 MeV for the neutral $K^{0}$(1460) and 1466.5 or 1468.8 MeV for the charged $K^{+}$(1460) resonances, respectively, depending on the parameter sets for $KK$ and $K\bar{K}$ interactions.
description: 13 page, 4 figures
Rigorous Derivation of Discrete Fracture Models for Darcy Flow in the Limit of Vanishing Aperture
Creators: name: Hörl, Maximilian
name: Rohde, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76S05, 58J90, 35Q35, 35B40

description: We consider single-phase flow in a fractured porous medium governed by Darcy's law with spatially varying hydraulic conductivity matrices in both bulk and fractures. The width-to-length ratio of a fracture is of the order of a small parameter $\varepsilon$ and the ratio $K_\mathrm{f}^\star / K_\mathrm{b}^\star$ of the characteristic hydraulic conductivities in the fracture and bulk domains is assumed to scale with $\varepsilon^α$ for a parameter $α\in \mathbb{R}$. The fracture geometry is parameterized by aperture functions on a submanifold of codimension one. Given a fracture, we derive the limit models as $\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$. Depending on the value of $α$, we obtain five different limit models as $\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$, for which we present rigorous convergence results.
Muon radiography experiments on the subway overburden structure detection
Creators: name: Mao, Xin
name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Dong, Shuning
name: Li, Jingtai
name: Zhang, Jianming
name: Pang, Jie
name: Cheng, Yaping
name: Liao, Bin
name: Ouyang, Xiaoping
name: Han, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon radiography is an innovative and non-destructive technique for internal density structure imaging, based on measuring the attenuation of cosmic-ray muons after they penetrate the target. Due to the strong penetration ability of muons, the detection range of muon radiography can reach the order of hundreds of meters or even kilometers. Using a portable muon detector composed of plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers, we performed a short-duration(1h) flux scanning experiment of the overburden above the platform and tunnel of the Xiaoying West Road subway station under construction. With the observation direction facing up, the detector is placed on the north side of the track and moved eastward from the platform section inside the station to the tunnel section. The scanning length is 264m and a total of 21 locations are observed. By comparing the observed and predicted values of the muon survival ratio at different locations, the experiment accurately detects the jump in thickness at the interface of the platform section and tunnel section. Furthermore, unknown anomalies caused by random placed light brick piles and side passage mouth above the observation locations are detected and confirmed later. This experiment verifies the feasibility of using natural muons to quickly detect abnormal structures of the overburden of tunnel, and shows that muon radiography has broad application prospects in tunnel safety and other similar aspects.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures
Mass transfer between debris discs during close stellar encounters
Creators: name: Jilkova, Lucie
name: Hamers, Adrian S.
name: Hammer, Michael
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mass transfers between debris discs during stellar encounters. We carried out numerical simulations of close flybys of two stars, one of which has a disc of planetesimals represented by test particles. We explored the parameter space of the encounters, varying the mass ratio of the two stars, their pericentre and eccentricity of the encounter, and its geometry. We find that particles are transferred to the other star from a restricted radial range in the disc and the limiting radii of this transfer region depend on the parameters of the encounter. We derive an approximate analytic description of the inner radius of the region. The efficiency of the mass transfer generally decreases with increasing encounter pericentre and increasing mass of the star initially possessing the disc. Depending on the parameters of the encounter, the transfer particles have a specific distributions in the space of orbital elements (semimajor axis, eccentricity, inclination, and argument of pericentre) around their new host star. The population of the transferred particles can be used to constrain the encounter through which it was delivered. We expect that many stars experienced transfer among their debris discs and planetary systems in their birth environment. This mechanism presents a formation channel for objects on wide orbits of arbitrary inclinations, typically having high eccentricity but possibly also close-to-circular (eccentricities of about 0.1). Depending on the geometry, such orbital elements can be distinct from those of the objects formed around the star.
description: 20 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Imperative role of glycosylation in human MOG-HLA interaction: molecular insights of MOG-Ab associated demyelination
Creators: name: Jayananth, P.
name: Madhumitha, R.
name: Ramya, L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a transmembrane protein found on the outer lamella of the myelin sheath. The autoimmune attack on the MOG leads to demyelination which differs from normal multiple sclerosis. MOG has three epitope regions MOG1–22, MOG35–55, and MOG92–106 in the extracellular region, and the crucial MOG35–55 epitope and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) interaction is the initial step for autoantibody generation. To study the effective role of glycosylation in MOG-HLA interaction, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of the complex where HLA interacts with three MOG epitopes both in the absence and presence of glycan. The results projected that the epitope MOG1–22 is decisive for the HLA interaction in the absence of glycan and HLA interacts with the epitope MOG35–55 irrespective of glycan existence. The residues Arg9, Arg46, and Arg66 were found to interact strongly with HLA even in the presence of glycan. The glycan increased the flexibility of hMOG and enhanced the interaction of MOG with water molecules. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Requirements in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is a formalized methodology that supports the requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation associated with the development of complex systems. MBSE in a digital-modeling environment provides advantages that document-based systems engineering cannot provide. These advantages have led to increased and growing adoption since MBSE can save costs by reducing development time and improve the ability to produce secure and correctly functioning software. The SEI CERT Division has begun researching how MBSE can also be used to mitigate security risks early in the system-development process so that systems are secure by design, in contrast to the common practice of adding security features later in the development process.
Topological Domain Walls in Graphene Nanoribbons with Carrier Doping
Creators: name: Kawakami, Takuto
name: Tamaki, Gen
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study magnetic ground states of doped zigzag graphene nanoribbons and the emergence of topological domain walls. Using the Hartree-Fock mean-field approach and an effective continuum model, we demonstrated that the carrier doping stabilizes a magnetic structure with alternating antiferromagnetic domains, where the doped carriers are accommodated in topological bound states localized at the domain wall. The energy spectrum exhibits a Hofstadter-like fractal spectral evolution as a function of the carrier density, where minigaps are characterized by the Chern number associated with the adiabatic charge pump in moving domain walls. A systematic analysis for nanoribbons with different widths revealed that the ferromagnetic domain-wall phase emerges in relatively wide ribbons, while the colinear domain-wall phase arises in narrower ribbons.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Looking for an axion in a haystack of muons
Creators: name: Gurgone, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for axion-like particles $X$ in muon decays is an excellent opportunity for the MEG II and Mu3e experiments to extend their horizons beyond $μ^+ \to e^+ γ$ and $μ^+ \to e^+ e^- e^+$. A suitable process for both experiments is the two-body decay $μ^+ \to e^+ X$, whose only signature is a monochromatic peak close to the kinematic endpoint of the positron energy spectrum of the $μ^+ \to e^+ ν_e \barν_μ$ background. The hunt for such an elusive signal in a vast amount of irreducible background requires extremely accurate theoretical predictions to be implemented in a Monte Carlo event generator. This work presents a new state-of-the-art computation of $μ^+ \to e^+ ν_e \barν_μ$ for polarised muons, accomplished with the McMule framework. The calculation includes next-to-next-leading order QED corrections and logarithmically enhanced terms at even higher orders. The results are also used to estimate the sensitivity of both experiments on the branching ratio of $μ^+ \to e^+ X$, in order to evaluate the impact of the theoretical error.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to NFLF23, version accepted for publication
Observation of Rydberg moiré excitons
Creators: name: Hu, Qianying
name: Zhan, Zhen
name: Cui, Huiying
name: Zhang, Yalei
name: Jin, Feng
name: Zhao, Xuan
name: Zhang, Mingjie
name: Wang, Zhichuan
name: Zhang, Qingming
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Cao, Xuewei
name: Liu, Wu-Ming
name: Wu, Fengcheng
name: Yuan, Shengjun
name: Xu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rydberg excitons, the solid-state counterparts of Rydberg atoms, have sparked considerable interest in harnessing their quantum application potentials, whereas a major challenge is realizing their spatial confinement and manipulation. Lately, the rise of two-dimensional moiré superlattices with highly tunable periodic potentials provides a possible pathway. Here, we experimentally demonstrate this capability through the observation of Rydberg moiré excitons (XRM), which are moiré trapped Rydberg excitons in monolayer semiconductor WSe2 adjacent to twisted bilayer graphene. In the strong coupling regime, the XRM manifest as multiple energy splittings, pronounced redshift, and narrowed linewidth in the reflectance spectra, highlighting their charge-transfer character where electron-hole separation is enforced by the strongly asymmetric interlayer Coulomb interactions. Our findings pave the way for pursuing novel physics and quantum technology exploitation based on the excitonic Rydberg states.
description: 24 pages, including 4 figures and 6 supplementary figures
Development of a wearable haptic game interface
Creators: name: Foottit, Jacques
name: Brown, Dave
name: Marks, Stefan
name: Connor, Andy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper outlines the development and evaluation of a wearable haptic game interface. The device differs from many traditional haptic feedback implementation in that it combines vibrotactile feedback with gesture based input, thus becoming a two way conduit between the user and the virtual environment. The device is intended to challenge what is considered an "interface" and sets out to purposefully blur the boundary between man and machine. This allows for a more immersive experience, and a user evaluation shows that the intuitive interface allows the user to become the aircraft that is controlled by the movements of the user's hand.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1604.05479
Requirements in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is a formalized methodology that supports the requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation associated with the development of complex systems. MBSE in a digital-modeling environment provides advantages that document-based systems engineering cannot provide. These advantages have led to increased and growing adoption since MBSE can save costs by reducing development time and improve the ability to produce secure and correctly functioning software. The SEI CERT Division has begun researching how MBSE can also be used to mitigate security risks early in the system-development process so that systems are secure by design, in contrast to the common practice of adding security features later in the development process.
Averaging over atom snapshots in linear-response TDDFT of disordered systems: A case study of warm dense hydrogen
Creators: name: Moldabekov, Zhandos A.
name: Vorberger, Jan
name: Lokamani, Mani
name: Dornheim, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) simulations of disordered extended systems require averaging over different snapshots of ion configurations to minimize finite size effects due to the snapshot--dependence of the electronic density response function and related properties. We present a consistent scheme for the computation of the macroscopic Kohn-Sham (KS) density response function connecting an average over snapshot values of charge density perturbations to the averaged values of KS potential variations. This allows us to formulate the LR-TDDFT within the adiabatic (static) approximation for the exchange-correlation (XC) kernel for disordered systems, where the static XC kernel is computed using the direct perturbation method [Moldabekov et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 19, 1286 (2023)]. The presented approach allows one to compute the macroscopic dynamic density response function as well as the dielectric function with a static XC kernel generated for any available XC functional. The application of the developed workflow is demonstrated for the example of warm dense hydrogen. The presented approach is applicable for various types of extended disordered systems such as warm dense matter, liquid metals, and dense plasmas.
Galesus (Schizogalesus) abdominalis Nixon 1930
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Galesus
Galesus abdominalis

description: Galesus (Schizogalesus) abdominalis Nixon, 1930: 400, 402, 406.
Valid name
Coptera abdominalis (Nixon, 1930).
Summary of types
Syntype ♀, BMNH number 9.667. Syntype ♂, BMNH number 9.667b. Syntypes 2 ♀♀, ♂.
Primary type data
Type; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ July 10-31, 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1923-398; Galesus / abdominalis/ Nixon; ♀ type, 1930 (syntype ♀). Paratype; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ Sept. 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1923-510; Galesus / abdominalis/ Nixon; ♀ paratype, 1930 (syntype ♀). Paratype; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ 6-25 Feb. 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1924-136; Galesus / abdominalis/ Nixon; ♀ paratype, 1930 (syntype ♀). Type; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ July 10-31, 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1923-398; Galesus / abdominalis/ Nixon; ♂ type, 1930 (syntype ♂). Paratype; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ July 10-31, 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1923-398; Galesus / abdominalis/ Nixon; ♂ paratype, 1930 (syntype ♂).
Type locality
South Africa, Eastern Cape Province, Port St Johns.
Remarks
There are three females and two males agreeing with Nixon’s description and labelled by him as Galesus abdominalis. Of these, two are labelled as “type” and the rest as “ paratype ”; however, since neither a unique holotype or lectotype has yet been fixed, all of the type series is syntypic (Article 73.2). All the syntypes are mounted on cards and are entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 89, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
An Introduction to Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is a formalized methodology that is used to support the requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation associated with the development of complex systems. In contrast to document-centric engineering, MBSE puts models at the center of system design.
Flavonoids as potential therapeutics against novel coronavirus disease-2019 (nCOVID-19)
Creators: name: Rakshit, Gourav
name: Dagur, Pankaj
name: Satpathy, Swaha
name: Patra, Arjun
name: Jain, Alok
name: Ghosh, Manik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Since time immemorial natural products have been a great source of medicine to mankind. The anti-viral activities from several ayurvedic herbal medicines (in the form of crude extract or fraction or isolated compounds) have been established but their effectiveness against coronavirus still needs to be explored. They can provide a rich resource of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates. In this paper, in-silico techniques have been used to identify the potential lead molecules against SARS-CoV-2. A list of flavonoids having anti-viral activity was prepared and evaluated against the selected target. Rhoifolin, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone-4′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, baicalin, astragalin, luteolin, and kaempferol showed good binding affinity and thus these could be promising compounds. In-silico screening such as ADMET prediction has been performed which predicted that the selected flavonoids have good pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties. Molecular dynamics simulation studies and MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations showed luteolin to be a more effective candidate against viral protein Mpro. The novelty of the approach mainly rests in the identification of potent anti-viral natural molecules from natural products flavonoid group of molecules to be effective against the latest coronavirus infection. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Observation of Skyrmion Bubbles in Multilayer [Pt/Co/Cu]n using spin-polarized STM
Creators: name: Repicky, Jacob J.
name: Goff, Brad
name: Cheng, Shuyu
name: Kawakami, Roland K.
name: Gupta, Jay A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic multilayers are a promising platform for storage and logic devices based on skyrmion spin textures, due to the large materials phase space for tuning properties. Epitaxial superlattice structures of [Pt/Co/Cu]n thin films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy at room temperature. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) of these samples was used to probe the connection between surface structure and skyrmion morphology with nanoscale spatial resolution. Irregular-shaped skyrmion bubbles were observed, with effective diameters from 20-200 nm that are much larger than the nanoscale grain structure of the surface topography. Nucleation, annihilation, and motion of skyrmion bubbles could be driven using the stray field of the ferromagnetic tip in repeated imaging, and spin-polarized current/voltage pulses. Our detailed comparison of STM topography and differential conductance images shows that there are no surface defects or inhomogeneities at length scales that could account for the range in skyrmion bubble size or shape observed in the measurements.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Strong Exciton-Phonon Coupling as a Fingerprint of Magnetic Ordering in van der Waals Layered CrSBr
Creators: name: Lin, Kaiman
name: Sun, Xiaoxiao
name: Dirnberger, Florian
name: Li, Yi
name: Qu, Jiang
name: Wen, Peiting
name: Sofer, Zdenek
name: Söll, Aljoscha
name: Winnerl, Stephan
name: Helm, Manfred
name: Zhou, Shengqiang
name: Dan, Yaping
name: Prucnal, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The layered, air-stable van der Waals antiferromagnetic compound CrSBr exhibits pronounced coupling between its optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. As an example, exciton dynamics can be significantly influenced by lattice vibrations through exciton-phonon coupling. Using low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy, we demonstrate the effective coupling between excitons and phonons in nanometer-thick CrSBr. By careful analysis, we identify that the satellite peaks predominantly arise from the interaction between the exciton and an optical phonon with a frequency of 118 cm-1 (~14.6 meV) due to the out-of-plane vibration of Br atoms. Power-dependent and temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements support exciton-phonon coupling and indicate a coupling between magnetic and optical properties, suggesting the possibility of carrier localization in the material. The presence of strong coupling between the exciton and the lattice may have important implications for the design of light-matter interactions in magnetic semiconductors and provides new insights into the exciton dynamics in CrSBr. This highlights the potential for exploiting exciton-phonon coupling to control the optical properties of layered antiferromagnetic materials.
description: 21 pages, together with suppl
Professional ethics in the light of Majesty Abbas ibn Ali, Abolfazl al-Abbas (P.B.U.H)
Creators: name: محمدرضا افروغ
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law

description: The issue of ethics and self-perfection is very important in Islam, which is one of the goals of the Quran's descent, moral education, human refinement, and the development and guidance of society, and considers ethical qualities as the criterion of human value. Hazrat Abbas ibn Ali (P.B.U.H) has grown up among the climax of my honor and majesty and among the shrines that glorify the first and last words in greatness, perfection, splendor and glory. The story of sacrifice and dedication to Muqtada and Muhammad is ultimately a matter of modesty. The value and majesty of Aqa'Abf al-Fazl (P.B.U.H) is not merely related to their descent, but to his politeness, insight, humility, obedience and pure obedience to the ruler and Imam of his time. In this research, we intend to use the analytical-descriptive method to express the high qualities of professional ethics in the light of Alavi's school, based on the ethical teachings of Saira Abu al-Fazl al-Abbas (P.B.U.H). At the end of this study, modules such as literacy, trusteeship, accountability, provincial orthodoxy, and ultimatum are best suited for human learning.
An Introduction to Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is a formalized methodology that is used to support the requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation associated with the development of complex systems. In contrast to document-centric engineering, MBSE puts models at the center of system design.
In depth analysis on the carbohydrate-binding properties of a vasorelaxant lectin from Dioclea lasiophylla Mart Ex. Benth seeds
Creators: name: Cavada, Benildo Sousa
name: Pinto-Junior, Vanir Reis
name: Osterne, Vinicius Jose Silva
name: Oliveira, Messias Vital
name: Silva, Ivanice Bezerra
name: Laranjeira, Eva Pollyanna Peixe
name: Pires, Alana Freitas
name: Domingos, Jorge Luiz Coelho
name: Ferreira, Wandemberg Paiva
name: Sousa, Jeanlex Soares
name: Assreuy, Ana Maria Sampaio
name: Nascimento, Kyria Santiago
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Lectins are a class of proteins or glycoproteins capable of recognizing and interacting with carbohydrates in a specific and reversible manner. Owing to this property, these proteins can interact with glycoconjugates present on the cell surface, making it possible to decipher the glycocode, as well as elicit biological effects, such as inflammation and vasorelaxation. Here, we report a structural and biological study of the mannose/glucose‐specific lectin from Dioclea lasiophylla seeds, DlyL. The study aimed to evaluate in detail the interaction of DlyL with Xman and high-mannose N-glycans (MAN3, MAN5 and MAN9) by molecular dynamics (MD) and the resultant in vitro effect on vasorelaxation using rat aortic rings. In silico analysis of molecular docking was performed to obtain the initial coordinates of the DlyL complexes with the carbohydrates to apply as inputs in MD simulations. The MD trajectories demonstrated the stability of DlyL over time as well as different profiles of interaction with Xman and N-glycans. Furthermore, aortic rings assays demonstrated that the lectin could relax pre-contracted aortic rings with the participation of the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and nitric oxide (NO) when endothelial tissue is preserved. These results confirm the ability of DlyL to interact with high‐mannose N‐glycans with its expanded CRD, supporting the hypothesis that DlyL vasorelaxant activity occurs primarily through its interaction with cell surface glycosylated receptors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Qubit Dynamics beyond Lindblad: Non-Markovianity versus Rotating Wave Approximation
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kiyoto
name: Ankerhold, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With increasing performance of actual qubit devices, even subtle effects in the interaction between qubits and environmental degrees of freedom become progressively relevant and experimentally visible. This applies particularly to the timescale separations that are at the basis of the most commonly used numerical simulation platform for qubit operations, namely, the conventional Lindblad master equation (LE): the Markov approximation and the rotating wave approximation (RWA). In this contribution we shed light on the questions (i) to which extent it is possible to monitor violations of either of these timescale separations experimentally and (ii) which of them is the most severe to provide highly accurate predictions within (approximate) numerical schemes in relevant parameter ranges. For this purpose, we compare three simulation methods for the reduced density matrix with progressively growing accuracy. In particular, predictions for relaxation and decoherence of a qubit system in the presence of reservoirs with Ohmic and sub-Ohmic spectral densities are explored and, with the aid of proper protocols based on Ramsey experiments, the role of non-Markovianity and RWA are revealed. We discuss potential implications for future experiments and the design of approximate yet accurate numerical approaches.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Inequality of avalanche sizes in models of fracture
Creators: name: Diksha
name: Kundu, Sumanta
name: Chakrabarti, Bikas K.
name: Biswas, Soumyajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prediction of an imminent catastrophic event in a driven disordered system is of paramount importance - from the laboratory scale controlled fracture experiment to the largest scale of mechanical failure i.e., earthquakes. It has been long conjectured that the statistical regularities in the energy emission time series mirrors the "health" of such driven systems and hence have the potential for forecasting imminent catastrophe. Among other statistical regularities, a measure of how unequal the avalanche sizes are, is potentially a crucial indicator of imminent failure. The inequalities of avalanche sizes are quantified using inequality indices traditionally used in socio-economic systems: the Gini index (g), the Hirsch index (h) and the Kolkata index (k). It is then shown analytically (for mean field) and numerically (for non mean field) in models of quasi-brittle materials that the indices show universal behavior near the breaking points in such models and hence could serve as indicators of imminent breakdown of stressed disordered systems.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E