Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón 2010, new combination
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Sutton, Bruce D.
name: Steck, Gary J.
name: Monzón, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Phacelochaeta
Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata

description: Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata (Hendel), new combination   
Figs. 55, 70–79  
 Procecidochares quinquefasciata Hendel 1914: 43; Aczél 1950: 189 [in catalog].   
 Eucecidochares quinquefasciata: Hering 1941: 146 [Peru, Bolivia].   
 Cecidochares quinquefasciata: Hendel 1936: 74; Aczél 1953: 145; Foote 1967: 20 [in catalog]; Hardy 1968: 111 [type data]; Norrbom et al. 1999: 117 [in catalog].   
 Description. Body length, male 4.5–6.0 mm, female 6.0–7.0 mm. Mesonotum length 2.2–2.4 mm. Wing length 4.80–5.60 mm, width 1.95–2.25 mm, ratio 2.43–2.49.   
Head (Fig. 70): Orange except occiput dorsally and ocellar tubercle brown, entirely whitish to grayish microtrichose. Parafacial without brown spot. Frons anteromedially with numerous slender yellow setulae; 3 brown, acuminate frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, both acuminate, anterior seta brown, posterior seta yellow or brown [brown on 2 Peruvian males and on 1 side on 1 Bolivian female]; ocellar and medial vertical setae well developed, brown; lateral vertical seta lanceolate, yellow, ca. 1/3 as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar and paravertical setae yellow, lanceolate; postocular setae mixed minute, brown, acuminate and large, yellow, lanceolate; genal seta brown; postgenal setulae numerous, large, yellow, acuminate. Facial ridge relatively broad, with numerous proclinate pale to moderate brown setulae, larger and dark brown in 2 Peruvian males [Oroya, Ondores], in male with posterior 1–2 rows of setulae lateroclinate.  
Thorax (Fig. 70): Dark brown, postpronotal lobe often partly orange; mostly densely microtrichose. Mesonotum grayish to tan microtrichose; posterior margin of scutum with irregular dark brown microtrichose area with pair of broad lobes extended anteriorly to or almost to acrostichal seta. Scutellum very strongly convex; shiny, nonmicrotrichose except basolateral corner, extreme apical margin, and underside dark brown microtrichose. Subscutellum dark brown microtrichose on dorsal half, shiny, nonmicrotrichose ventrally. Mediotergite shiny, nonmicrotrichose except extreme dorsolateral corner grayish microtrichose, and occasionally with small, sparser, more ventral, lateral or sublateral microtrichose area. Pleuron entirely grayish microtrichose including anepisternum and katepisternum. Thoracic setae long, dark brown, and acuminate, including postpronotal, anterior notopleural, presutural and postsutural supra-alar, dorsocentral, acrostichal, intra-alar, postalar, 2 scutellar, 1 anepisternal, and katepisternal setae. Anepimeral and other anepisternal setae yellow. Posterior notopleural seta yellow, lanceolate, less than half as long as anterior notopleural. Dorsocentral seta aligned very close to transverse suture, much closer to it than level of postsutural supra-alar seta. Scutal setulae yellow, lanceolate, more or less evenly distributed in irregular rows on gray to tan microtrichose areas; without setulae on posterior dark brown microtrichose area except 2 pairs of tight clusters of 5–10 setulae near posterior margin, 1 slightly medial to acrostichal line, 1 anterior to corner of scutellum. Scutellum with 5 clusters of yellow, lanceolate setulae, 1 pair proximal to basal seta, 1 pair on margin between basal and apical setae, and 1 unpaired cluster on margin between apical setae.  
 Wing (Fig. 55): Costa with 3 setae at subcostal break 2–4 times as large as other costal setulae. Pterostigma 0.50–0.54 times as long as cell c, subtriangular; vein R 1 gradually curved. Vein R 2+3 moderately long, distance between apices of R 1 and R 2+3 / distance between apices of R 2+3 and R 4+5: 1.35–1.67. Crossvein rm 0.73–0.76 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu. Wing pattern with 5 orange and moderate brown bands. Wing base, including cells bc and extreme base of cell br orange, extending into cells c, bm, and bcu and connecting with first band. First band extending from costal margin in distal half of cell c to posterior margin in anal lobe, covering crossvein bm-cu; at most slightly broadened posteriorly, well separated from apex of vein A 1 +Cu 2 (1 male has separate small brown spot at apex of A 1 +Cu 2). Second band broadly connected to first band in cells br and dm, extending obliquely to posterior margin in cell cu 1. Third band connected to first band from costal margin to vein R 2+3, extending from pterostigma to posterior margin in base of cell m, including apex of vein Cu 1, covering crossveins r-m and dm-cu; in cell r 1 distal margin oblique, straight to slightly concave. Fourth band very broad in middle and apical part of cell r 1, extending to apex of cell, often with 1–2 small marginal hyaline spots within it (second spot present only in Peru: Ondores male); occasionally narrowly connected to fifth band in cell r 4+5 (1 wing of 1 female) or cell m (1 wing of 1 male). Fifth (apical) band semicircular, separated from fourth band by convex hyaline band, in Peru: Ondores male with narrow hyaline marginal marks in cells r 2+3 and r 4+5.   
Abdomen: Tergites dark brown except sometimes extreme lateral margin of syntergite 1+2 or apical margin of male tergite 5; entirely moderately densely grayish microtrichose. Sternites mostly brown to mostly yellow. Setulae mostly yellow, lanceolate; brown, acuminate basomedially on tergites 3–5.  
Male terminalia: Epandrium brown, grayish microtrichose. Lateral surstylus (Figs. 73–74) tapering to slender, acute apex, extending beyond apex of medial surstylus by slightly more than length of prensisetae. Glans (Figs. 77–78) short and stout, mostly sclerotized, acrophallus with subapical bend.  
Female terminalia: Oviscape (Figs. 70–71) 1.7–2.1 mm long, 0.71–0.88 times as long as mesonotum, shiny nonmicrotrichose, with setulae slender, acuminate, brownish. Spermathecae (Fig. 79) ovoid with moderately long cylindrical neck.  
 Distribution. Peru and Bolivia. Records from Ecuador were based on P. quinquevittata.   
 Type data. Hendel described this species based on “ 11 ♂ ♀ aus Peru, Cuzco, 3600 m, April Oroya [= Junín: La Oroya] 4000 m.” There are six syntypes in the SMT, including one with a Hendel determination label and a red “Typus” label, all from Cuzco except 1 male from Oroya. The other Cuzco specimens and the Oroya specimen have red “ paratypus ” labels, although all are syntypes. There are also 2 male and 1 female syntypes from Cuzco in Hendel’s collection in the NMW, and one male (labeled as a paratype) from Cuzco in the BMNH.   
 Material examined. BOLIVIA: [La Paz:] Cordillere [Cordillera Real], 4–5000 m, 24 Dec 1902, [C. A. W. Schnuse], 1♂ (BMNH) 1♀ (SMT USNMENT00213093) 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00213094). PERU: Cuzco: Cuzco, 3700–4200 m, 8 Apr 1905, [Schnuse Collection], 1♂ syntype (USNM USNMENT00213096). Junín: [La] Oroya [11°32'S 75°54'W], 4000 m, 21 Jan 1904, [C. A. W. Schnuse], 1♂ syntype (SMT USNMENT00213095); Ondores, 4100 m, puna and wet pastures, 28–31 Dec 1980, Gardenfors, Hall & Danielsson, 1♂ (ZIL USNMENT00213097).
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L., Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Monzón, José, 2010, New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 2398 on pages 37-39