cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Hahn-Ramsey scheme for dynamical decoupling of single solid-state qubits
Creators: name: Sadzak, Nikola
name: Carmele, Alexander
name: Widmann, Claudia
name: Nebel, Christoph E.
name: Knorr, Andreas
name: Benson, Oliver
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: solid-state qubits
subject: NV
subject: nitrogen-vacancy
subject: quantum sensing
subject: magnetometry
subject: quantum synchronization
subject: dynamical decoupling
subject: noise suppression
subject: 530 Physik

description: Spin systems in solid state materials are promising qubit candidates for quantum information in particular as quantum memories or for quantum sensing. A major prerequisite here is the coherence of spin phase oscillations. In this work, we show a control sequence which, by applying RF pulses of variable detuning, allows to increase the visibility of spin phase oscillations. We experimentally demonstrate the scheme on single NV centers in diamond and analytically describe how the NV electron spin phase oscillations behave in the presence of classical noise models. We hereby introduce detuning as the enabling factor that modulates the filter function of the sequence, in order to achieve a visibility of the Ramsey fringes comparable to or longer than the Hahn-echo T 2 time and an improved sensitivity to DC magnetic fields in various experimental settings.
Unveiling underutilized public data on Canadian industrial pollutant transfers and disposals
Creators: name: Berthiaume, Alicia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Over 50 nations worldwide have Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs), including Canada’s National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), which comprise large public datasets of chemical releases to air, water, and land and also transfers to various on and off-site waste management practices. These inventories aim to support a myriad of audiences in pollution-related decision-making. While the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) framed a role for PRTRs as indicators for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 - the sound management of chemicals and wastes, research to date has focused only on air and water releases, omitting vast PRTR data on pollutant transfers to waste management. For Canada’s NPRI, 30 years of waste management transfers data on 250+ chemicals has been collected but rarely used in environmental research. Here we show how this overlooked NPRI data may be used to inform snapshots and trends in progress towards SDG 12 using the OECD’s framework. Results show that over 28 million (M) tonnes (t) of NPRI pollutants have been transferred from industrial facilities to various waste management practices from 2006 to 2021, of which ~10M t were transferred off-site for waste management operations both within and outside Canada. Time trends show pollutant transfer quantities are increasing, driven by on-site disposals to tailings and waste rock management (of mainly phosphorous, manganese and other metals) and underground injection (of mainly hydrogen sulphide). New route maps reveal that interprovincial and international pollutant transfers are common, and that chain of custody analyses is a burgeoning opportunity but hampered by data limitations. The findings create a state of the knowledge launching point for mainstreaming the use of this overlooked data from both Canada’s NPRI and PRTRs around the world, to better track both national and international progress towards sound management of chemicals in waste and SDG 12. Implications: Pollutant transfers and disposals data has not previously been widely used in environmental research. This paper shows how it can be, in the context of SDG 12. Doing so can inspire uptake by researchers and a range of other public users, both strengthening the justification for collecting this data, and bolstering public participation in environmental decision-making from a local to global scale. Doing so also provides the foundation for more in-depth analysis on the domestic and international transboundary movement of Canadian industrial pollutants in waste in the lens of SDG 12 – a topic that was beyond scope here but addressed elsewhere.
Insights into Cut-Edges of SHJ Solar Cells by EL and LBIC Characterization
Creators: name: Bokaličc, M.
name: Kikelj, M.
name: Lipovšek, B.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Topic, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 63-66
description: Further improvement of shingled cut-cell PV modules requires precise characterization of cut cell edges in order to evaluate, understand and improve cutting process and subsequent re-passivation quality. We use light beam induced current (LBIC) and electroluminescence (EL) measurements to characterize different wafer-based solar cell cutting techniques applied to bifacial silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells: laser ablation and cleaving from the front (L&Cf) and the back (L&Cb) side, thermal laser separation (TLS), and cleaving only. We characterize cut edges from both, the front and the back side of the cell and compare them to the natural (uncut) edge. We present the results in terms of normalized response profiles over different edge types and correlate LBIC and EL profile steepness with edge-zone recombination rate. Measured LBIC profiles are much steeper than EL profiles due to forced charge carrier extraction and lower carrier concentration. By decreasing current injection, EL profiles become steeper and approach LBIC profiles in the limit case. LBIC profiles are also steeper when illuminated from the back, because the minority charge carriers are thereby mostly generated near the main junction and immediately extracted from the bulk. Front and back EL profiles do not show this distinction, because here, in both cases, there are much more charge carriers present in the bulk and radiative recombinations are distributed more homogeneously across the whole depth of the bulk. Due to higher carrier concentration, EL is better correlated with normal operation conditions than LBIC. TLS, cleave only and L&Cf provide overall the steepest profiles, but since TLS and cleave only offers better re-passivation potential, they are the preferred options. L&Cb shows the worst result as laser ablation introduces recombination centres very close to and also in the main junction region. Cleaved only separation provides the best results observed by EL, however 45° rotated ingot is required for this technique. The natural edge profiles exhibit the least steep profiles measured with front and back LBIC, however this is not due to recombination processes but rather due to TCO masking near the edge.
Bounding $f(R)$ gravity by particle production rate
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: Luongo, O.
name: Paolella, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several models of $f(R)$ gravity have been proposed in order to address the dark side problem in cosmology. However, these models should be constrained also at ultraviolet scales in order to achieve some correct fundamental interpretation. Here we analyze this possibility comparing quantum vacuum states in given $f(R)$ cosmological backgrounds. Specifically, we compare the Bogolubov transformations associated to different vacuum states for some $f(R)$ models. The procedure consists in fixing the $f(R)$ free parameters by requiring that the Bogolubov coefficients can be correspondingly minimized to be in agreement with both high redshift observations and quantum field theory predictions. In such a way, the particle production is related to the value of the Hubble parameter and then to the given $f(R)$ model. The approach is developed in both metric and Palatini formalism.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Int. Jou. Mod. Phys. D
Was ist historische Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur? Tagungskonzept und Programm
Creators: name: Chlench-Priber, Kathrin
name: Heiles, Marco
name: Limbeck, Sven
name: Schultz-Balluff, Simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: German literature
Medieval Literature
Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur
Medieval Studies
History of knowledge
History of science

description: Kathrin Chlench-Priber, Marco Heiles, Sven Limbeck und Simone Schultz-Balluff, Was ist historische Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur? Tagungskonzept und Programm, in: Netzwerk Historische Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur, zuerst Veröffentlicht am 13.06.2022, aktualisierte Version vom 07.11.2022, https://hwgl.hypotheses.org/1801. Tagungskonzept und Programm Die Tagung ist eine Veranstaltung des Netzwerks Historische Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur. Dieses Netzwerk, zunächst ein informeller Zusammenschluss von Nachwuchs- und akademisch bereits institutionalisierten Wissenschaftler*innen vornehmlich aus der germanistischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft mit Schwerpunkten in Mittelalter und Früher Neuzeit, hat sich 2020 die Form des eingetragenen Vereins gegeben (Selbstdarstellung und Mitgliederliste mit Projekten und Publikationen: https://hwgl.hypotheses.org). Ziel ist die Förderung der Erforschung der historischen Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur und des wissenschaftlichen Austausches darüber. Ein konkretes Vorhaben ist die Herausgabe eines Forschungs- und Methodenhandbuchs zum Thema.
 Diesen Zweck verfolgt auch die beantragte Tagung: die grundlegende literaturtheoretische Klärung von Begriff und Gegenstand der historischen Wissens- und Gebrauchsliteratur sowie die Parameter der Bildung von Textkorpora als empirische Grundlage der Forschung. Die externen Beiträger*innen geben mit ihren Grundsatzreferaten Impulse in das Netzwerk, Netzwerkmitglieder geben strukturierte Auskünfte über ihre konkreten Forschungsgegenstände. Am Ende der Tagung sollen die geschärfte Begrifflichkeit und Konzeption von Wissen, Gebrauch und Korpusbildung sowie eine dementsprechend systematische Gliederung des Handbuchs stehen. Die Referate bilden idealerweise die Ausgangspunkte für Handbuchartikel.
description: First published: https://hwgl.hypotheses.org/1801
The effects of personality traits on job performance and the role of gender as a moderator: The case of company x
Creators: name: Sabrina, Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: This paper investigates the nature of the relationship between the Big Five personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience) and job performance. Additionally, it also investigates whether said relationship is moderated by gender. While survey data supports a strong relationship between personality and job performance outcomes, the exact mechanisms behind this association remain underexplored. Data was collected from a garment factory in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia where 157 employees were randomly selected from a population of 262 production employees. This data was analyzed using the multiple linear regression model in Stata. The results show that overall more conscientious and the less neurotic individuals perform better at their job. Additionally, women who are more extroverted or more open to new experiences perform worse at their job than their counterparts, while for men higher levels of extraversion and openness resulted in better job performance. These results have implications for the way personality is assessed for hiring purposes.
Cyclotron maser emission from power-law electrons with strong pitch-angle anisotropy
Creators: name: Zhao, G. Q.
name: Feng, H. Q.
name: Wu, D. J.
name: Chen, L.
name: Tang, J. F.
name: Liu, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetic electrons with power-law spectrum are most commonly observed in astrophysics. This paper investigates electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME) from the power-law electrons, in which strong pitch-angle anisotropy is emphasized. The electron distribution function proposed in this paper can describe various types of pitch-angle anisotropy. Results show that the emission properties of ECME, including radiation growth, propagation, and frequency properties, depend considerably on the types of electron pitch-angle anisotropy, and different wave modes show different dependences on the pitch angle of electrons. In particular, the maximum growth rate of X2 mode rapidly decreases with respect to the electron pitch-angle cosine $μ_0$ at which the electron distribution peaks, while the growth rates for other modes (X1, O1, O2) initially increase before decreasing as $μ_0$ increases. Moreover, the O mode as well as the X mode can be the fastest growth mode, in terms of not only the plasma parameter but also the type of electron pitch-angle distribution. This result presents a significant extension of the recent researches on ECME driven by the lower-energy cutoff of power-law electrons, in which the X mode is generally the fastest growth mode.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Towards High Efficiency Inversion Layer Cells Based on Ion-Charged Dielectrics
Creators: name: Yu, M.
name: Wright, M.
name: Chen, J.
name: Shi, Y.
name: Hallam, B.
name: Hwu, E.T.
name: Grant, N.E.
name: Murphy, J.D.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
name: Wilshaw, P.
name: Bonilla, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 44-54
description: This work investigates the production and performance of p-type Inversion Layer (IL) Si solar cells, manufactured with an ion-injection technique that produces a highly charged dielectric nanolayer. Ions are applied to the front dielectric layer and then driven towards the c-Si/SiO2 interface by an electric field before stabilisation with an anneal. As this process can be performed in minutes at temperatures below 500 °C, it potentially provides a fast, yet controllable way for IL cell manufacturing. We demonstrate by simulations using Sentaurus TCAD that for the 1 ·cm p-type Si/thermal oxide model defined in this work, the sheet resistance of the field-induced electron layer can reach 1.1 k/sq in the dark by reducing band-tail interface state density to below 1014 eV-1cm-2 and increasing the dielectric charge density to above 2 × 1013 cm-2. Additionally, we present a proof-of-concept p-type IL cell on a non-gettered, non-hydrogenated substrate with an efficiency of 10.8%, and an open-circuit voltage (VOC) equivalent to that in a cell with a diffused phosphorous emitter. Lastly, we perform Sentaurus TCAD simulations to assess the efficiency potential of such IL cells. By incorporating optimal passivation, gettering, hydrogenation and metallisation, IL cells are predicted to reach an efficiency of 24.5% on 5 ·cm, and beyond 24.8% on 10 ·cm p-type substrates, provided the dielectric charge density reaches 2 × 1013 cm-2, which has been experimentally demonstrated to be possible. IL cells are therefore, in principle, a potential competitive candidate in the photovoltaic industry.
Unveiling under-utilized public data on Canadian industrial pollutant transfers and disposals
Creators: name: Berthiaume, Alicia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Implications statement:Pollutant transfers and disposals data has not previously been widely used in environmental research. Here we demonstrate how it can be, in the context of SDG 12. Doing so can inspire more uptake by researchers and a broad range of other public users, both strengthening the justification for collecting this data, and bolstering public participation in environmental decision-making from a local to global scale. Doing so also provides the foundation for more in-depth analysis on the domestic and international transboundary movement of Canadian industrial pollutants in waste in the lens of SDG 12 – a topic that was beyond scope here but addressed
What can topology tell us about the neural code?
Creators: name: Curto, Carina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neuroscience is undergoing a period of rapid experimental progress and expansion. New mathematical tools, previously unknown in the neuroscience community, are now being used to tackle fundamental questions and analyze emerging data sets. Consistent with this trend, the last decade has seen an uptick in the use of topological ideas and methods in neuroscience. In this talk I will survey recent applications of topology in neuroscience, and explain why topology is an especially natural tool for understanding neural codes. Note: This is a write-up of my talk for the Current Events Bulletin, held at the 2016 Joint Math Meetings in Seattle, WA.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Assessment of Humanitarian Supply Chain Performance of Selected Humanitarian Organizations in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hailegebrie, Endale
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The objective of the study was to assess the HSC performance of selected humanitarian organizations in Ethiopia based on Triple-A framework proposed by Lee, 2004. Specifically, this study was also intended to explore and empirically test the possible relationships among Humanitarian Supply Chain Agility, Adaptability, Alignment and HSC performance of selected Humanitarian organizations in Ethiopia. The researcher carried out a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify variables and their items to design a structured questionnaire. Accordingly the researcher identifies three important variables of humanitarian supply chain network: agility, adaptability and alignment. The researcher conducted an empirical study on a sample 58 respondents (experts in the humanitarian supply chain) that were collected by the researcher from Six humanitarian emergency food aid organizations in Ethiopia, namely CARE Ethiopia, Save the children international (SCI), Catholic Relief service Ethiopia (CRS), Relief society of Tigray (REST) World Vision Ethiopia (WVE), Food for the hunger international in Ethiopia (FHE). The relationships proposed in the framework were tested using Pearson correlation and the hypotheses proposed in the research were also tested using regression analysis. From the result of the analysis it is concluded that there is positive and statistically very strong relationship between humanitarian supply chain agility and humanitarian supply chain performances. It is also conclude that Humanitarian supply chain adaptability has also positive and strong relationship with humanitarian supply chain performance. On the other hand, Humanitarian supply chain alignment has also positive and statistically strong relationship with HSC performance. Therefore, In order to become competitive and achieve sustainable performance in disaster relief chain operations, humanitarian organizations should give due attention to the constructs Humanitarian supply chain agility, adaptability and alignment. A unique contribution of the present study is an attempt to outline humanitarian supply chain management from commercial supply chain management and further explore the possible relationships among supply chain agility, supply chain adaptability, supply chain alignment and humanitarian supply chain performance in Ethiopian context. Key Words: Humanitarian supply chain, supply chain agility, supply chain adaptability, supply chain alignment and humanitarian supply chain Performance.
Simplified Cell Cutting, Efficient Edge Passivation, Copper Metallization: Tackling the last Hurdles for Optimized SHJ Integration in Shingle Module Configuration
Creators: name: Harrison, S.
name: Barth, V.
name: Carrière, C.
name: Albaric, M.
name: Martel, B.
name: Galiazzo, M.
name: Sovernigo, E.
name: Frasson, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 55-58
description: In this abstract, we propose key improvements paths to specifically optimize the performance potential of SHJ devices in Shingle module configuration. But the different processes developed can also further be applied to any cut-based module technology, which are now the norm for any module supplier. We thus believe that the progress shown for example for edge cut-and-passivation can benefit to other technologies and module configurations as well. In particular, the cut-cell process described is highly innovative, as to our knowledge such wafer configuration has never been evaluated and integrated for PV applications before. This 45° rotated wafer based approach, is fully compatible with industrial constraints, and allows a significant simplification of the cell cut-step, opening new alternative technological solutions to the traditional laser-based processes usually used The development of a low-temperature and highly conformal passivation layer is also key for many silicon cut-cell based technologies. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the very high recovery levels demonstrated (up to 90%) are among the highest observed on PV cut-cells, whatever technology (cell or module) is considered. Such layers should thus be of interest for many PV applications, where edge defectivity is a clear performance limitation.
Towards Cost-Effective High-Efficiency POLO IBC Solar Cells with Minimal Conversion Invest for Existing PERC+ Production Lines
Creators: name: Dullweber, T.
name: Mertens, V.
name: Stöhr, M.
name: Langlois, J.
name: Mettner, L.
name: Baumann, U.
name: Haase, F.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Libal, J.
name: Hähnel, A.
name: Müller, A.
name: Naumann, V.
name: Vogt, A.
name: Ambrosius, N.
name: Pernau, T.
name: Haverkamp, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 35-39
description: In this paper, we report a novel manufacturing process sequence for POLO IBC solar cells applying a local PECVD SiOxNy/n-a-Si deposition through a glass shadow mask to form the structured carrier selective n-polySi layer in one process step. Using a lab-type single-wafer PECVD tool, the POLO IBC precursors without metal contacts exhibit an excellent implied Voc of 741 mV. A TEM analysis confirms that the N2O in-situ plasma oxidation indeed incorporates N in the interfacial SiOxNy layer which could facilitate the excellent firing stable surface passivation. The laser contact openings and screen-printed Al and Ag rear contacts were successfully aligned to the shadow mask features within ± 20 µm precision. Fully processed POLO IBC solar cells on M2-sized Ga-doped Cz wafers exhibit conversion efficiencies of up to 23.0% with Voc=708 mV, Jsc =41.2 mA/cm2 and FF=78.7%. We attribute the 33 mV difference between implied Voc and Voc to additional J0 contributions of the Ag and Al metal contacts which is subject to future improvements. As next step towards POLO IBC mass production readiness, we transfer the PECVD SiOxNy/n-a-Si process through shadow masks from the single-wafer lab-tool to a massproduction c.plasma PECVD tool from centrotherm, which is installed at the ISFH SolarTeC. Test wafers with double-sided in-situ PECVD SiOxNy/n-a-Si deposition reveal an excellent J0 = 3 fA/cm2 after annealing, SiN capping and firing. We apply the glass shadow mask in the industrial c.plasma PECVD tool in combination with the PECVD SiOxNy/n-a-Si deposition. The first POLO IBC solar cells processed with the c.plasma tool with shadow masks achieve conversion efficiencies up to 22.3% and average Voc values of 710 mV. In the future, we aim at further increasing the conversion efficiency towards 25% and implementing an automated shadow mask loading into the industrial c.plasma tool.
Comment on "Breakdown of the expansion of finite-size corrections to the hydrogen Lamb shift in moments of charge distribution"
Creators: name: Arrington, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, Hagelstein and Pascalutsa examine the error associated with an expansion of proton structure corrections to the Lamb shift in terms of moments of the charge distribution. They propose a small modification to a conventional parameterization of the proton's charge form factor and show that this can resolve the proton radius puzzle. However, while the size of the "bump" they add to the form factor is small, it is large compared to the total proton structure effects in the initial parameterization, yielding a final form factor that is unphysical. Reducing their modification to the point where the resulting form factor is physical does not allow for a resolution of the radius puzzle.
description: Comment to appear (with Reply) in Physical Review A
Polynomial splittings of Ozsvath and Szabo's d-invariant
Creators: name: Bao, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57M27, 57M25

description: For any rational homology 3-sphere and one of its spin^{c}-structures, Ozsvath and Szabo defined a topological invariant, called d-invariant. Given a knot in the 3-sphere, the d-invariants associated with the prime-power-fold branched covers of the knot, obstruct the smooth sliceness of the knot. These invariants bear some structural resemblances to Casson-Gordon invariants, which obstruct the topological sliceness of a knot. Se-Goo Kim found a polynomial splitting property for Casson-Gordon invariants. In this paper, we show a similar result for Ozsvath and Szabo's d-invariants. We give an application of the result.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. This paper was published one year ago
Wet-Chemical Ozone-Based Silicon Oxide Layers and Electron-Beam Evaporated Silicon Layers for Passivating Contacts
Creators: name: Nicholson, N.
name: Frisch, J.
name: Nuys, M.
name: Breuer, U.
name: Jaber, M.
name: Kleesiek, J.
name: Amkreutz, D.
name: Korte, L.
name: Albrecht, S.
name: Rech, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 40-43
description: We investigate TOPCon-like passivating contacts using silicon from electron-beam evaporation (E-Beam evaporation), plasma doping and wet-chemical ozone oxides. Results show iVoc values up to 722 mV for symmetrical lifetime samples and 708 mV for cells using the passivating contact on the rear side. SIMS measurements were performed on samples before and after annealing to investigate the distribution of phosphorous within the samples for different process conditions. Synchrotron-based XPS measurements were performed to investigate compositional changes both for the as-grown oxide and after poly-Si formation and etch-back of the poly-Si layer. A clear decrease in the intensity of the transitional area can be observed between non-annealed and annealed samples, which is assumed to be the reason for the non-existent surface passivation quality of freshly grown silicon oxide layers.
Study on the Dissociation of Gallium-Hydrogen Pairs in Crystalline Silicon During Illuminated Annealing
Creators: name: Simon, J.
name: Herguth, A.
name: Geml, F.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 19-21
description: In this study, fundamental investiations are performed on gallium-doped Cz-Si samples with regard to the hydrogen content introduced from PECVD SiNx:H layers in a firing step. The change in gallium-hydrogen (GaH) pair concentration was monitored with highly sensitive resistivity measurements since pair formation counteracts doping. It is found that GaH pairs form during dark annealing at elevated temperatures. In contrast, they partially dissociate within a few seconds at 240°C when excess charge carriers are generated by illumination. This fast dissociation is reversible such that GaH pairs form again during a subsequent dark anneal at 180°C. The dependence on excess charge carrier concentration suggests an electron-driven dissociation reaction. If illumination at elevated temperature is applied for days, even more GaH pairs dissociate as indicated by the change in resistance. Since it is not possible to form GaH pairs in a subsequent dark anneal, it is proposed that two different dissociation processes are taking place which might be independent or a cascade reaction.
SuperDARN scalar radar equations
Creators: name: Berngardt, O. I.
name: Kutelev, K. A.
name: Potekhin, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quadratic scalar radar equations are obtained for SuperDARN radars that are suitable for the analysis and interpretation of experimental data. The paper is based on a unified approach to the obtaining radar equations for the monostatic and bistatic sounding with use of hamiltonian optics and ray representation of scalar Green's function and without taking into account the polarization effects. The radar equation obtained is the sum of several terms corresponding to the propagation and scattering over the different kinds of trajectories, depending on their smoothness and the possibility of reflection from the ionosphere. It is shown that the monostatic sounding in the media with significant refraction, unlike the case of refraction-free media, should be analyzed as a combination of monostatic and bistatic scattering. This leads to strong dependence of scattering amplitude on background ionospheric density due to focusing mechanism and appearance of new (bistatic) areas of effective scattering with significant distortion of the scattered signal spectrum. Selective properties of the scattering also have been demonstrated.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Radio Science
Stress-Induced De-passivation of Poly-Si/SiNx Layer Stacks
Creators: name: Hoß, J.
name: Lossen, J.
name: Linke, J.
name: Kopecek, R.
name: Buchholz, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 22-28
description: The present study investigates the passivation of layer stacks consisting of an interfacial oxide, LPCVD deposited polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) and PECVD deposited silicon nitride (SiNx) layers when subjecting them to high temperature processes after the deposition of SiNx. We show that the passivation of such poly-Si/SiNx layer stacks can be severely degraded by high temperature processes. Further, we found that the passivation can be recovered after removing the annealed SiNx layer and subsequent annealing of the c-Si/SiO2/poly-Si interface. We conclude that thermal stress, induced by the densification of SiNx contributes to the loss of passivation at the c-Si/SiO2/poly-Si interface. Comparing symmetric and asymmetric sample structures, where the poly-Si/SiNx stack is present on both and on only one side respectively, shows that stress induced de-passivation and the re-passivation of poly-Si/SiNx stacks cannot be appropriately studied with symmetric test structures under certain circumstances. The importance of these findings is underlined when developing cell concepts that require the presence of such stacks in high temperature process steps. As an example, results for TOPCon cell precursors fabricated with an alternative process sequence with poly-Si deposition before BBr3 emitter diffusion are presented. Although the poly-Si layer was capped with SiNx during the emitter diffusion, cell precursors with iVoc values of up to 709 mV could be produced with this process. We further propose to consider stress-induced de-passivation as potential root-cause for the degradation of the passivation of polySi/SiNx stacks during the firing process of such samples.
The effect of competency of middle-level managers on the overall performances of commercial banks in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mikias, Tadesse
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: This study paper has attempted to find out the impact of competency of middle level managers in the overall performances of commercial Banks operating in Ethiopia by assuming other influencing factors being constant. It has also attempted to address the related specific objectives. Such specific objectives have to do with determining the distinctive managerial competencies and their respective effects on the performance of the Banks. These distinctive competencies include intrapersonal, interpersonal, leadership, functional, career, and coaching/mentoring competencies. In relation to the objectives, seven hypotheses were developed and tested. In so doing, related theories and models were referred and adopted. The study targeted 42 HR managers from all of the 17 commercial Banks operating in the country. The data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Accordingly, the study findings established that competency of middle level managers has a positive and significant impact on the overall performances of the reviewed Banks. Similarly, all the distinctive managerial competencies were also found to have a positive and significant impact. The findings of this research also found to correspond with the related theories, and are believed to contribute by somehow filling the research gap of this specific body of knowledge in the Banking industry of the country. In the end, the study has propounded some recommendations one of which says that higher level managers shall as much as possible take managerial competency in to due consideration when deciding on cases of promotion, demotion, and transfer of middle managers..
Implementation of clinical guidelines for osteoarthritis together (IMPACT): protocol for a participatory health research approach to implementing high value care
Creators: name: Toomey, Clodagh
name: Kennedy, Norelee
name: MACFARLANE, ANNE
name: GLYNN, LIAM
name: FORBES, JOHN F
name: Skou, Soren T.
name: M Roos, Ewa
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The evidence-based interventions of exercise and education have been strongly recommended as part of prominent clinical guidelines for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) for more than ten years. Despite the wealth of strong evidence that exists, implementation in practice is sub-optimal. This paper describes the key methodologies used in the co-design, tailoring, and evaluation of the IMPACT project implementation strategies, to confront this problem across multiple levels (micro, meso, macro) in public and private healthcare settings in Ireland. Methods: Using a type III hybrid implementation-efectiveness design, a participatory, dynamic and iterative process will be used to tailor and evaluate multi-level implementation strategies using the following stages: 1) Co-design the implementation strategies with key stakeholders using best evidence, a theory-driven implementation framework (Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research), local context and expert consensus; 2) Pilot and evaluate the implementation strategies by training physiotherapists to deliver the evidence-based Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D®) education and exercise programme using the implementation strategies, and conduct a mixed-methods process evaluation; 3) Adapt the implementation strategies based on implementation process evaluation indicators from stage two. The adapted strategies will be used for scale-up and sustainability in subsequent GLA:D® Ireland training programmes that will be rolled out nationally. Evaluation of efectiveness on patient and cost outcomes will continue up to 12months post-programme delivery, using an online patient registry and pre-post design. Discussion: This implementation science project aims to use participatory health research to address a gap in management of OA across public and private healthcare settings. This research has the potential to change practice and promote a policy of exercise and physical activity referral for chronic musculoskeletal disease that utilises community engagement efectively and enacts change ‘together’, with involvement of researchers, decision-makers, clinicians and patients.
Status and Perspective of Industrial TOPCon Solar Cell Development at Fraunhofer ISE
Creators: name: Mack, S.
name: Kafle, B.
name: Teßmann, C.
name: Krieg, K.
name: Bashardoust, S.
name: Lohmüller, E.
name: Belledin, U.
name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Höffler, H.
name: Ourinson, D.
name: Fellmeth, T.
name: Steinhauser, B.
name: Kluska, S.
name: Wolf, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 29-34
description: This work reports on the status of industrial TOPCon solar cell development at Fraunhofer ISE. The baseline process makes use of Cz-Si:P wafers of M2 size, a TOPCon stack consisting of a thermal silicon oxide layer in combination with an 80 nm thin in-situ phosphorous-doped low-pressure chemical vapor deposited polysilicon layer as well as screen printed metal contacts. A comparison between different technologies for deposition of aluminum oxide (AlOx) layers reveals advantages for atomic layer deposition, which considerably reduces minority carrier surface recombination, and as a result leads to an overall increase in solar cell efficiency. Potential challenges in contacting by screen-printed and fired silver contacts, which might arise due to the presence of an AlOx layer on the rear side, are overcome by implementation of a laser-enhanced contact formation step, which reduces the series resistance of such solar cells by more than 2 Ωcm2. These modifications of our baseline process in combination with a new generation of metallization pastes allows for the fabrication of solar cells with a champion efficiency of 23.8%. Our stable baseline process allows for evaluation of other TOPCon-related technologies or plated contacts, as well as identifying challenges for so-called TOPCoRE solar cells.
Discriminating cosmic muon and x-ray based on rising time using GEM detector
Creators: name: Hui-Yin, Wu
name: Sheng-Ying, Zhao
name: Xiao-Dong, Wang
name: Xian-Ming, Zhang
name: Hui-Rong, Qi
name: Wei, Zhang
name: Ke-Yan, Wu
name: Bi-Tao, Hu
name: Yi, Zhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas electron multiplier(GEM) detector is used in Cosmic Muon Scattering Tomography and neutron imaging in the last decade. In this work, a triple GEM device with an effective readout area of 10 cm X 10 cm is developed, and an experiment of discriminating between cosmic muon and x-ray based on rising time is tested. The energy resolution of GEM detector is tested by 55Fe ray source to prove the GEM detector has a good performance. The analysis of the complete signal-cycles allows to get the rising time and pulse heights. The experiment result indicates that cosmic muon and x-ray can be discriminated with an appropriate rising time threshold.
Design of a Growth Process of High-Quality Quasi-Monocrystalline Silicon Ingot Integrating Experimental, Theoretical, Computational, and Data Sciences
Creators: name: Usami, N.
name: Liu, X.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Kutsukake, K.
name: Kojima, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 11-13
description: We report on a methodology to design a growth process of high-quality quasi-monocrystalline silicon ingot integrating experimental, theoretical, computational, and data sciences. First, the model of crystal growth simulation was validated by utilizing experimental data, and the resulting model was used to collect training data showing the relationship between multi-dimensional process parameters and the dislocation density distribution after growth. A machine learning model of the simulation was created to instantly predict the dislocation density from the process parameters, allowing the application of an optimization algorithm. As a result, efficient design of the optimal growth process was possible. Furthermore, by using seed crystals with artificial grain boundaries and their spontaneous change during the growth, we have clarified the effect of the grain boundary structure on the direction of grain boundary growth and the carrier recombination velocity at the grain boundary. These permits to design of an appropriate seed crystal and process, which will result in the growth of high-quality quasi-monocrystalline silicon ingot.
Azimuthal entanglement and multichannel Schmidt-type decomposition of non-collinear biphotons
Creators: name: Fedorov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purely azimuthal entanglement is analyzed for noncollinear frequency-degenerate biphoton states. The degree of azimuthal entanglement is found to be very high, with the Schmidt parameter $K$ on the order of the ratio of the pump waist to its wavelength. A scheme is suggested for partial realization of this high entanglement resource in the form of a multichannel Schmidt-type decomposition.
Estimating space-time parameters with a quantum probe in a lossy environment
Creators: name: Kish, Sebastian P.
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of estimating the Schwarzschild radius of a massive body using Gaussian quantum probe states. Previous calculations assumed that the probe state remained pure after propagating a large distance. In a realistic scenario, there would be inevitable losses. Here we introduce a practical approach to calculate the Quantum Fisher Informations (QFIs) for a quantum probe that has passed through a lossy channel. Whilst for many situations loss means coherent states are optimal, we identify certain situations for which squeezed states have an advantage. We also study the effect of the frequency profile of the wavepacket propagating from Alice to Bob. There exists an optimal operating point for a chosen mode profile. In particular, employing a smooth rectangular frequency profile significantly improves the error bound on the Schwarzschild radius compared to a Gaussian frequency profile.
description: 14 pages, 18 figures
title: Boulevard de la Corderie (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Bouches-du-Rhône, Marseille) : Rapport de fouille 2019
Creators: name: Mellinand, Philippe
Publisher: name: Inrap
Year: 2023

description: La fouille de la carrière de la Corderie a été réalisée en 2017 sur la rive sud du Vieux-Port à Marseille, à l’extérieur des murs de la cité grecque et romaine. Elle a permis de mettre au jour, sur plus de 1200 m2, une exploitation antique de calcaire qui a connu trois périodes successives d’exploitation, la première à la fin de l’époque grecque archaïque (fin du VIe et début du Ve s. avant notre ère), la seconde à l’époque hellénistique (IVe-IIIe s. avant notre ère) et la dernière durant la période romaine.
High Lifetime Ga-Doped Cz-Si for Carrier Selective Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Horzel, J.
name: Mack, S.
name: Vulcanean, I.V.
name: Zimmermann, K.
name: Jung, N.
name: Pingel, S.
name: Kwapil, W.
name: Maischner, F.
name: Höffler, H.
name: Bashardoust, S.
name: Wagenmann, D.
name: Greulich, J.
name: Seif, J.
name: Steinmetz, A.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 14-18
description: Industrial mass production of solar cells is moving towards carrier selective junction solar cells with passivating contacts such as TOPCon, POLO and HJT solar cells. At the same time many manufacturers consider switching from p-type Cz-Si to n-type Cz-Si wafers. This contribution indicates that Ga-doped p-type Cz-Si material is still a viable option for the new type of devices while giving an opportunity to benefit from 8-10% lower wafer cost. In that respect a Ga-doped Cz-Si ingot has been specified and characterized. We report minority carrier diffusion lengths that are an order of magnitude larger than the thickness of the studied HJT and TOPCoRE devices. So far best p-type HJT solar cells perform 0.2 % absolute lower in efficiency than co-processed n-type reference HJT solar cells. Best TOPCoRE solar cells on Ga doped Cz-Si, however, show a 0.2% to 0.3% higher efficiency than their co-processed n-type TOPCon counterparts.