cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological Insulators and Superconductors from D-branes
Creators: name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realization of topological insulators (TIs) and superconductors (TSCs), such as the quantum spin Hall effect and the Z_2 topological insulator, in terms of D-branes in string theory is proposed. We establish a one-to-one correspondence between the K-theory classification of TIs/TSCs and D-brane charges. The string theory realization of TIs and TSCs comes naturally with gauge interactions, and the Wess-Zumino term of the D-branes gives rise to a gauge field theory of topological nature. This sheds light on TIs and TSCs beyond non-interacting systems, and the underlying topological field theory description thereof. In particular, our string theory realization includes the honeycomb lattice Kitaev model in two spatial dimensions, and its higher-dimensional extensions.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Mesovelia horvathi LUNDBLAD 1933
Creators: name: V, Clister
name: Zettel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Mesoveliidae
Mesovelia
Mesovelia horvathi

description: Mesovelia cf. horvathi auct.
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: PA12, 3 apterous males, 3 apterous females.
 Notes. This species was previously treated under the name Mesovelia horvathi LUNDBLAD, 1933 (e.g., GAPUD 1986, FREITAG & ZETTEL 2012, ZETTEL 2014). However, in a recent study on the Indian fauna (JEHAMALAR et al. 2019), more details about this taxon – originally described from Java – became known, so that Philippine populations probably belong to one or several undescribed species (see also PELINGEN et al. 2020).
description: Published as part of V, Clister & Zettel, Herbert, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of Greater Sulu, Philippines, pp. 609-620 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 611, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414596
A computer simulation of the admissions and scheduling system at St. Paul’s hospital
Creators: name: Chase, Mark Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this work, the admissions and scheduling system at St. Paul's Hospital was examined by means of modelling and computer simulation. The Hospital is an acute-care facility with very high occupancy and a policy of admitting all of the emergency patients who require hospitalization. It now faces the problem of providing space for these patients without seriously disrupting scheduled admissions. After investigation of the literature, it was decided to model the Hospital's admissions and scheduling system and use computer simulation to investigate its behaviour. Patients, operating rooms, and bed areas were classified by "hospital service". A GPSS simulation model which uses empirical data and a one-day time unit was developed. The model was verified and validated. Several experiments were performed to suggest different methods to regulate occupancy in the various hospital areas, and to alleviate surgical slate disruptions, under existing or hypothetical arrival patterns for patients. These experiments were only a sample of those for which the model may be used. Suggestions for extensions of this project are included. In conclusion, two points are made: first, there are several contrasts between formal hospital policy and actual practice as revealed by the data; second, it appears that simulation can be useful in a hospital context.
Model-based iterative reconstruction for spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Mason, Jonathan H.
name: Reinwald, Yvonne
name: Yang, Ying
name: Waters, Sarah
name: Haj, Alicia El
name: Bagnaninchi, Pierre O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers high resolution multidimensional imaging, but generally suffers from defocussing, intensity falloff and shot noise, causing artifacts and image degradation along the imaging depth. In this work, we develop an iterative statistical reconstruction technique, based upon the interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy (ISAM) model with additive noise, to actively compensate for these effects. For the ISAM re-sampling, we use a non uniform FFT with Kaiser-Bessel interpolation, offering efficiency and high accuracy. We then employ an accelerated gradient descent based algorithm, to minimize the negative log-likelihood of the model, and include spatial or wavelet sparsity based penalty functions, to provide appropriate regularization for given image structures. We evaluate our approach with titanium oxide micro-bead and cucumber samples with a commercial spectral domain OCT system, under various subsampling regimes, and demonstrate superior image quality over traditional reconstruction and ISAM methods.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, presented at SPIE BiOS 2019
Mesovelia vittigera HORVATH 1895
Creators: name: V, Clister
name: Zettel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Mesoveliidae
Mesovelia
Mesovelia vittigera

description: Mesovelia vittigera HORVÁTH, 1895
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: PA11, 1 apterous male, 1 apterous female.
Distributional notes. This species is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from Africa to Australia and New Caledonia. However, genetic differences indicate that at least the easternmost populations may belong to another species (DAMGAARD et al. 2012).
description: Published as part of V, Clister & Zettel, Herbert, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of Greater Sulu, Philippines, pp. 609-620 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 611, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414596
Label Propagation Through Optimal Transport
Creators: name: Hamri, Mourad El
name: Bennani, Younès
name: Falih, Issam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we tackle the transductive semi-supervised learning problem that aims to obtain label predictions for the given unlabeled data points according to Vapnik's principle. Our proposed approach is based on optimal transport, a mathematical theory that has been successfully used to address various machine learning problems, and is starting to attract renewed interest in semi-supervised learning community. The proposed approach, Optimal Transport Propagation (OTP), performs in an incremental process, label propagation through the edges of a complete bipartite edge-weighted graph, whose affinity matrix is constructed from the optimal transport plan between empirical measures defined on labeled and unlabeled data. OTP ensures a high degree of predictions certitude by controlling the propagation process using a certainty score based on Shannon's entropy. We also provide a convergence analysis of our algorithm. Experiments task show the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art. We make our code publicly available.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.11937
Human herpes virus and Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Carbone, Ilaria <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: MED/04 Patologia generale

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder and according to the WHO it is estimated that 36 millions of people worldwide currently suffer from AD. Genetic and environmental factors interact in a complex interplay that might affect pathogenic mechanisms leading to age-related neurodegeneration. The hypothesis is that the presence of allelic polymorphisms in selected genes affecting individual brain susceptibility to infection by the herpes virus family during aging, may contribute to neuronal loss, inflammation and amyloid deposition. Herpes virus family show features relevant to AD, since they infect a large proportion of human population, develop a latent form persisting for several years, are difficult to eliminate by immune responses especially when latency has been established and are able to infect neurons. The association between AD and herpes viruses infection has been investigated. In particular the investigation focused on CMV, EBV and HHV-6 in DNA samples from peripheral blood of a large cohort of patients with clinical diagnosis of AD and age matched CTR, from a longitudinal population study, and DNA samples from brain tissue of patients with neuropathological diagnosis of definitive AD. An association between the presence of EBV and HHV-6 DNA from PBL positivity with the cognitive deterioration and progression to AD has been focused. Moreover, IgG plasma levels in CTR and AD to these viruses were tested. CMV and EBV IgG plasma levels were higher in elderly subjects that developed clinical AD at the end of the five year follow up. Our findings support the notion that persistent cycles of latency and reactivation of herpes viruses may contribute to impair systemic immune response and induce altered inflammatory process that in turn affect cognitive decline during aging.
Realistic continuous-variable quantum teleportation with non-Gaussian resources
Creators: name: Dell'Anno, Fabio
name: De Siena, Silvio
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive investigation of nonideal continuous-variable quantum teleportation implemented with entangled non-Gaussian resources. We discuss in a unified framework the main decoherence mechanisms, including imperfect Bell measurements and propagation of optical fields in lossy fibers, applying the formalism of the characteristic function. By exploiting appropriate displacement strategies, we compute analytically the success probability of teleportation for input coherent states, and two classes of non-Gaussian entangled resources: Two-mode squeezed Bell-like states (that include as particular cases photon-added and photon-subtracted de-Gaussified states), and two-mode squeezed cat-like states. We discuss the optimization procedure on the free parameters of the non-Gaussian resources at fixed values of the squeezing and of the experimental quantities determining the inefficiencies of the non-ideal protocol. It is found that non-Gaussian resources enhance significantly the efficiency of teleportation and are more robust against decoherence than the corresponding Gaussian ones. Partial information on the alphabet of input states allows further significant improvement in the performance of the non-ideal teleportation protocol.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Hydrometra lineata ESCHSCHOLTZ 1822
Creators: name: V, Clister
name: Zettel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Hydrometridae
Hydrometra
Hydrometra lineata

description: Hydrometra lineata ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1822
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: PA09, 1 macropterous male; PA11, 1 macropterous male, 1 macropterous female, 2 brachypterous females.
Distributional notes. This species has a wide distribution all over the Philippines (comp. GAPUD et al. 2003), and is also known from China, northern Borneo, and eastern parts of Indonesia (POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995, YANG & ZETTEL 2005).
description: Published as part of V, Clister & Zettel, Herbert, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of Greater Sulu, Philippines, pp. 609-620 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 612, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414596
Using Query Expansion in Manifold Ranking for Query-Oriented Multi-Document Summarization
Creators: name: Jia, Quanye
name: Liu, Rui
name: Lin, Jianying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1
subject: 68T50

description: Manifold ranking has been successfully applied in query-oriented multi-document summarization. It not only makes use of the relationships among the sentences, but also the relationships between the given query and the sentences. However, the information of original query is often insufficient. So we present a query expansion method, which is combined in the manifold ranking to resolve this problem. Our method not only utilizes the information of the query term itself and the knowledge base WordNet to expand it by synonyms, but also uses the information of the document set itself to expand the query in various ways (mean expansion, variance expansion and TextRank expansion). Compared with the previous query expansion methods, our method combines multiple query expansion methods to better represent query information, and at the same time, it makes a useful attempt on manifold ranking. In addition, we use the degree of word overlap and the proximity between words to calculate the similarity between sentences. We performed experiments on the datasets of DUC 2006 and DUC2007, and the evaluation results show that the proposed query expansion method can significantly improve the system performance and make our system comparable to the state-of-the-art systems.
description: https://github.com/homealim2012/QE_Mani_Summary
Observables for FRW model with cosmological constant in the framework of loop cosmology
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Piechocki, Wlodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a flat cosmological model with a free massless scalar field and the cosmological constant $Λ$ in the framework of loop quantum cosmology. The scalar field plays the role of an intrinsic time. We apply the reduced phase space approach. The dynamics of the model is solved analytically. We identify elementary observables and their algebra. The compound physical observables like the volume and the energy density of matter field are analysed. Both compound observables are bounded and oscillate in the $Λ<0$ case. The energy density is bounded and oscillates in the $Λ>0$ case. However, the volume is unbounded from above, but periodic. The difference between standard and nonstandard loop quantum cosmology is described.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, version accepted for publication in PRD
Experimental quasi-1D capillary-wave turbulence
Creators: name: Ricard, Guillaume
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave turbulence in quasi-1D geometry is usually not investigated experimentally since low-order resonant wave interactions are theoretically prohibited. Here, we report on the first observation of unidirectional capillary-wave turbulence on the surface of a fluid in a canal. We also show that five-wave interactions are the lowest-order resonant process subsisting at small scales, and are thus probably the one generating such quasi-1D capillary wave turbulence. We show that the wave spectrum is compatible with the corresponding dimensional analysis prediction. The main assumptions of weak turbulence theory are also verified experimentally. Quasi-1D wave turbulence could be thus highlighted in other fields of wave turbulence.
description: EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Societ{\`a} Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2021
Hydrometra mindoroensis POLHEMUS 1976
Creators: name: V, Clister
name: Zettel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Hydrometridae
Hydrometra
Hydrometra mindoroensis

description: Hydrometra mindoroensis POLHEMUS, 1976
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: PA12,2micropterousmales,1micropterousfemale.
Distributional notes. This specis widely is distributed all over the Philippines (comp. GAPUD et al. 2003) and is also known from northern Borneo, Sulawesi, and New Guinea (POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995, YANG & ZETTEL 2005).
description: Published as part of V, Clister & Zettel, Herbert, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of Greater Sulu, Philippines, pp. 609-620 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 612, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414596
Metastable quantum entrainment
Creators: name: Cabot, Albert
name: Giorgi, Gian Luca
name: Zambrini, Roberta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum van der Pol oscillators are driven-dissipative systems displaying quantum synchronization phenomena. When forced by a squeezed drive, the frequency adjusts to half of the forcing displaying multiple preferred phases. Here we analyze the physical origin of this entrained response, establishing a connection with metastability in open quantum systems. We report a dynamical regime characterized by a huge separation of time scales, in which a dynamical mode displays a lifetime that can be orders of magnitude larger than the rest. In this regime, the long-time dynamics is captured by an incoherent process between two metastable states, which correspond to the preferred phases of the synchronized oscillator. In fact, we show that quantum entrainment is here characterized by fluctuations driving an incoherent process between two metastable phases, which ultimately limits its temporal coherence when moving into the quantum regime. Finally, we discuss connections with the phenomena of dissipative phase transitions and transient synchronization in open quantum systems.
The Python Sky Model 3 software
Creators: name: Zonca, Andrea
name: Thorne, Ben
name: Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta
name: Borrill, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Python Sky Model (PySM) is a Python package used by Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments to simulate maps, in HEALPix pixelization, of the various diffuse astrophysical components of Galactic emission relevant at CMB frequencies (i.e. dust, synchrotron, free-free and Anomalous Microwave Emission), as well as the CMB itself. These maps may be integrated over a given instrument bandpass and smoothed with a given instrument beam. PySM 2, released in 2016, has become the de-facto standard for simulating Galactic emission, for example it is used by CMB-S4, Simons Observatory, LiteBird, PICO, CLASS, POLARBEAR and other CMB experiments, as shown by the 80+ citations of the PySM 2 publication. As the resolution of upcoming experiments increases, the PySM 2 software has started to show some limitations, the solution to these issues was to reimplement PySM from scratch focusing on these features: reimplement all the models with the numba Just-In-Time compiler for Python to reduce memory overhead and optimize performance; use MPI through mpi4py to coordinate execution of PySM 3 across multiple nodes and rely on libsharp, for distributed spherical harmonic transforms; employ the data utilities infrastructure provided by astropy to download the input templates and cache them when requested. At this stage we strive to maintain full compatibility with PySM 2, therefore we implement the exact same astrophysical emission models with the same naming scheme. In the extensive test suite we compare the output of each PySM 3 model with the results obtained by PySM 2.
description: Submitted to JOSS, Github repository: https://github.com/galsci/pysm
Light-Tunable Surface State and Hybridization Gap in Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi$_8$Te$_{13}$
Creators: name: Zhong, Haoyuan
name: Bao, Changhua
name: Wang, Huan
name: Li, Jiaheng
name: Yin, Zichen
name: Xu, Yong
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Xia, Tian-Long
name: Zhou, Shuyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnBi$_8$Te$_{13}$ is an intrinsic ferromagnetic (FM) topological insulator with different complex surface terminations. Resolving the electronic structures of different termination surfaces and manipulation of the electronic state are important. Here, by using micrometer spot time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ($μ$-TrARPES), we resolve the electronic structures and reveal the ultrafast dynamics upon photoexcitation. Photoinduced filling of the surface state hybridization gap is observed for the Bi$_2$Te$_3$ quintuple layer directly above MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ accompanied by a nontrivial shift of the surface state, suggesting light-tunable interlayer interaction. Relaxation of photoexcited electrons and holes is observed within 1-2 ps. Our work reveals photoexcitation as a potential control knob for tailoring the interlayer interaction and surface state of MnBi$_8$Te$_{13}$.
Multiple MgII Absorption Systems in the Lines of Sight to Quadruply Lensed Quasar H1413+1143
Creators: name: Okoshi, Katsuya
name: Minowa, Yosuke
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Misawa, Toru
name: Kashino, Daichi
name: Sugai, Hajime
name: Matsubayashi, Kazuya
name: Shimono, Atsushi
name: Ozaki, Shinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find multiple Mg II absorption systems at redshift z=1.66, 2.069, and 2.097 in the spatially resolved spectra of the quadruply gravitationally lensed quasar H1413+1143 utilizing the Kyoto tridimensional spectrograph II (Kyoto 3DII) spectrograph on board the Subaru telescope. Here we present the first measurement of differences in Mg II absorption strength of the multiple intervening absorbers, which include ones identified as damped Lyman alpha (DLA) absorption systems. Our detection of the significant Mg II absorptions in the spatially resolved spectra reveals the inhomogeneous chemical enrichment on scales of about 12 kpc within the separation of the four sightlines. For the DLA system at z=1.66, the rest equivalent widths of the Mg II absorption lines between the four spatially resolved lines of sight change by factors of up to about 6, which trace the variations in the H I absorption strength. This suggests that inhomogeneous cold absorbers that give rise to the strong H I/Mg II absorptions dwell on a scale of about 6-12 kpc between the four lines of sight. We also investigate the degree of variation in the equivalent width of the absorption lines between the lines of sight. We find that the systems giving rise to strong absorptions in the spectra of the quadruply lensed quasars tend to have a high degree of variation in absorption strength between the lines of sight toward the lensed quasars.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, and 3 tables Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Early Detection of Retinopathy of Prematurity stage using Deep Learning approach
Creators: name: Mulay, Supriti
name: Ram, Keerthi
name: Sivaprakasam, Mohanasankar
name: Vinekar, Anand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a fibrovascular proliferative disorder, which affects the developing peripheral retinal vasculature of premature infants. Early detection of ROP is possible in stage 1 and stage 2 characterized by demarcation line and ridge with width, which separates vascularised retina and the peripheral retina. To detect demarcation line/ ridge from neonatal retinal images is a complex task because of low contrast images. In this paper we focus on detection of ridge, the important landmark in ROP diagnosis, using Convolutional Neural Network(CNN). Our contribution is to use a CNN-based model Mask R-CNN for demarcation line/ridge detection allowing clinicians to detect ROP stage 2 better. The proposed system applies a pre-processing step of image enhancement to overcome poor image quality. In this study we use labelled neonatal images and we explore the use of CNN to localize ridge in these images. We used a dataset of 220 images of 45 babies from the KIDROP project. The system was trained on 175 retinal images with ground truth segmentation of ridge region. The system was tested on 45 images and reached detection accuracy of 0.88, showing that deep learning detection with pre-processing by image normalization allows robust detection of ROP in early stages.
description: Accepted in SPIE Medical Imaging 2019
Clifford Algebra with Mathematica
Creators: name: Aragon-Camarasa, G.
name: Aragon-Gonzalez, G.
name: Aragon, J. L.
name: Rodriguez-Andrade, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A66, 68-04

description: The Clifford algebra of a n-dimensional Euclidean vector space provides a general language comprising vectors, complex numbers, quaternions, Grassman algebra, Pauli and Dirac matrices. In this work, we present an introduction to the main ideas of Clifford algebra, with the main goal to develop a package for Clifford algebra calculations for the computer algebra program Mathematica. The Clifford algebra package is thus a powerful tool since it allows the manipulation of all Clifford mathematical objects. The package also provides a visualization tool for elements of Clifford Algebra in the 3-dimensional space. clifford.m is available from github.com/jlaragonvera/Geometric-Algebra
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Families of Skyrmions in Two-Dimensional Spin-1/2 Systems
Creators: name: Javed, Amaria
name: Sakkaf, L. Al
name: Khawaja, U. Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find Skyrmion-like topological excitations for a two-dimensional spin-1/2 system. Expressing the spinor wavefunction in terms of a rotation operator maps the spin-1/2 system to a Manakov system. We employ both analytical and numerical methods to solve the resulting Manakov system. Using a generalized similarity transformation, we reduce the two-dimensional Manakov system to the integrable one-dimensional Manakov system. Solutions obtained in this manner diverge at the origin. We employ a power series method to obtain an infinite family of localized and nondiverging solutions characterized by a finite number of nodes. A numerical method is then used to obtain a family of localized oscillatory solutions with an infinite number of nodes corresponding to a skyrmion composed of concentric rings with intensities alternating between the two components of the spinor. We investigate the stability of the skyrmion solutions found here by calculating their energy functional in terms of their effective size. It turns out that indeed the skyrmion is most stable when the phase difference between the concentric rings is $π$, i.e., alternating between spin up and spin down. Our results are also applicable to doubly polarized optical pulses.
description: 20 pages
Higher-Order Concurrency: Expressiveness and        Decidability Results
Creators: name: Perez-Parra, Jorge Andres <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: INF/01 Informatica

description: Higher-order process calculi are formalisms for concurrency in which processes can be passed around in communications. Higher-order (or process-passing) concurrency is often presented as an alternative paradigm to the first order (or name-passing) concurrency of the pi-calculus for the description of mobile systems. These calculi are inspired by, and formally close to, the lambda-calculus, whose basic computational step ---beta-reduction--- involves term instantiation.

The theory of higher-order process calculi is more complex than that of first-order process calculi. This shows up in, for instance, the definition of behavioral equivalences. A long-standing approach to overcome this burden is to define encodings of higher-order processes into a first-order setting, so as to transfer the theory of the first-order paradigm to the higher-order one. While satisfactory in the case of calculi with basic (higher-order) primitives, this
indirect approach falls short in the case of higher-order process calculi featuring constructs for phenomena such as, e.g., localities and dynamic system reconﬁguration, which are frequent in modern distributed systems. Indeed, for higher-order process calculi involving little more
than traditional process communication, encodings into some first-order language are difficult to handle or do not exist. We then observe that foundational studies for higher-order process calculi must be carried out directly on them and exploit their peculiarities.

This dissertation contributes to such foundational studies for higher-order process calculi. We concentrate on two closely interwoven issues in process calculi: expressiveness and decidability. Surprisingly, these issues have been little explored in the higher-order setting. Our
research is centered around a core calculus for higher-order concurrency in which only the operators strictly necessary to obtain higher-order communication are retained. We develop the basic theory of this core calculus and rely on it to study the expressive power of issues
universally accepted as basic in process calculi, namely synchrony, forwarding, and polyadic communication.
Halovelia bergrothi ESAKI 1926
Creators: name: V, Clister
name: Zettel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Halovelia
Halovelia bergrothi

description: Halovelia bergrothi ESAKI, 1926
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: PA10,8males, 6females.
Distributional notes. This species has a wide distribution in the Philippines – with previous records from Palawan, Mindoro, Luzon, Marinduque, Panay, Siquijor, Biliran, and Mindanao, and unpublished records from Polillo and Cebu. It is also known from Vietnam, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, the Mariana Islands, the Caroline Islands, the Marshall Islands, and the Samoan Islands (ANDERSEN 1989, ZETTEL 1998, 2003).
description: Published as part of V, Clister & Zettel, Herbert, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of Greater Sulu, Philippines, pp. 609-620 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 612, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414596
Widely distributed exogenic materials of varying compositions and morphologies on asteroid (101955) Bennu
Creators: name: Tatsumi, Eri
name: Popescu, Marcel
name: Campins, Humberto
name: de León, Julia
name: Carcía, Juan Luis Rizos
name: Licandro, Javier
name: Simon, Amy A.
name: Kaplan, Hannah H.
name: DellaGiustina, Daniella N.
name: Golish, Dathon R.
name: Lauretta, Dante S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the multi-band imager MapCam onboard the OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer) spacecraft, we identified 77 instances of proposed exogenic materials distributed globally on the surface of the B-type asteroid (101955) Bennu. We identified materials as exogenic on the basis of an absorption near 1 um that is indicative of anhydrous silicates. The exogenic materials are spatially resolved by the telescopic camera PolyCam. All such materials are brighter than their surroundings, and they are expressed in a variety of morphologies: homogeneous, breccia-like, inclusion-like, and others. Inclusion-like features are the most common. Visible spectrophotometry was obtained for 46 of the 77 locations from MapCam images. Principal component analysis indicates at least two trends: (i) mixing of Bennu's average spectrum with a strong 1-um band absorption, possibly from pyroxene-rich material, and (ii) mixing with a weak 1-um band absorption. The endmember with a strong 1-um feature is consistent with Howardite-Eucrite-Diogenite (HED) meteorites, whereas the one showing a weak 1-um feature may be consistent with HEDs, ordinary chondrites, or carbonaceous chondrites. The variation in the few available near-infrared reflectance spectra strongly suggests varying compositions among the exogenic materials. Thus, Bennu might record the remnants of multiple impacts with different compositions to its parent body, which could have happened in the very early history of the Solar System. Moreover, at least one of the exogenic objects is compositionally different from the exogenic materials found on the similar asteroid (162173) Ryugu, and they suggest different impact tracks.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures, accepted manuscript for MNRAS
Neutron star crustal properties from relativistic mean-field models and bulk parameters effects
Creators: name: Dutra, M.
name: Lenzi, C. H.
name: de Paula, W.
name: Lourenço, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate crustal properties of neutron stars, namely, mass ($M_{\rm crust}$), radius ($R_{\rm crust}$) and fraction of moment of inertia ($ΔI/I$) from parametrizations of hadronic relativistic mean-field (RMF) model consistent with symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter constraints, as well as some stellar boundaries. We verify which one are also in agreement with restrictions of $ΔI/I \geqslant 1.4\%$ and $ΔI/I \geqslant 7\%$ related to the glitching mechanism observed in pulsars, such as the Vela one. The latter constraint explains the glitches phenomenon when entrainment effects are taken into account. Our findings indicate that these parametrizations pass in the glitching limit for a neutron star mass range of $M\leqslant 1.82M_\odot$ ($ΔI/I \geqslant 1.4\%$), and $M\leqslant 1.16M_\odot$ ($ΔI/I \geqslant 7\%$). We also investigate the influence of nuclear matter bulk parameters on crustal properties and find that symmetry energy is the quantity that produces the higher variations on $M_{\rm crust}$, $R_{\rm crust}$, and~$ΔI/I$. Based on the results, we construct a particular RMF parametrization able to satisfy $ΔI/I \geqslant 7\%$ even at $M=1.4M_\odot$, the mass value used to fit data from the softer component of the Vela pulsar X-ray spectrum. The model also presents compatibility with observational data from PSR J1614-2230, PSR J0348+0432, and MSP J0740+6620 pulsars, as well as, with data from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) mission.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, published in European Physical Journal A Topical Issue 'CompOSE: a repository for Neutron Star Equations of State and Transport Properties'
Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen
Creators: Danmarks Statistik
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen er at belyse befolkningens tilknytning til arbejdsmarkedet. Fx hvor mange der er beskæftigede, arbejdsløse (AKU-ledige) eller uden for arbejdsstyrken. Eller hvor mange lønmodtagere, der er på deltid, hvor mange timer 30-40-årige mænd typisk arbejder, eller hvor mange, ældre mennesker uden for arbejdsstyrken, der kunne tænke sig et arbejde.
Undersøgelsen følger den internationale arbejdsmarkedsorganisation ILO's retningslinjer for opgørelser af befolkningens tilknytning til arbejdsmarkedet. Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen laves efter samme retningslinjer i alle EU-lande og i en lang række andre lande, og er derfor den bedste danske undersøgelse til internationale sammenligninger af arbejdsmarkedsstatistik.
Energy spectra of graphene quantum dots induced between Landau levels
Creators: name: Giavaras, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an energy gap is induced in monolayer graphene the valley degeneracy is broken and the energy spectrum of a confined system such as a quantum dot, becomes rather complex exhibiting many irregular level crossings and small energy spacings which are very sensitive to the applied magnetic field. Here we study the energy spectrum of a graphene quantum dot that is formed between Landau levels, and show that for the appropriate potential well the dot energy spectrum in the first Landau gap can have a simple pattern with energies coming from one of the two valleys only. This part of the spectrum has no crossings, has specific angular momentum numbers, and the energy spacing can be large enough, consequently, it can be probed with standard spectroscopic techniques. The magnetic field dependence of the dot levels as well as the effect of the mass-induced energy gap are examined, and some regimes leading to a controllable quantum dot are specified. At high magnetic fields and negative angular momentum a simple approximate method to the Dirac equation is developed which gives further insight into the physics. The approximate energies exhibit the correct trends and agree well with the exact energies.
description: 10 pages
Efficient approach for simulating distorted materials
Creators: name: Koskinen, Pekka
name: Kit, Oleg O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operation principles of nanoscale devices are based upon both electronic and mechanical properties of materials. Because these properties can be coupled, they need to be investigated simultaneously. At this moment, however, the electronic structure calculations with custom-made long-range mechanical distortions are impossible, or expensive at best. Here we present a unified formalism to solve exactly the electronic structures of nanomaterials with versatile distortions. We illustrate the formalism by investigating twisted armchair graphene nanoribbons with the least possible number of atoms. Apart from enabling versatile material distortions, the formalism is capable of reducing computational costs orders of magnitude in various areas of science and engineering.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Kinematic and thermodynamic stability of vortices in superfluids
Creators: name: Chapman, David M. F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The equations of motion of vortices in an ideal two-dimensional fluid are derived, and the laws of conservation associated with the motion are discussed. Two regions of flow are considered, an infinite region and a region bounded on the outside by a circle. The kinetic energy and angular momentum of a vortex fluid in these two regions are calculated. A Lagrangian formalism is introduced in order to discuss the symmetry transformations of vortex systems and their associated conservation laws. The kinematic stability of rigidly rotating polygonal configurations of quantized vortices is determined, and the states of thermodynamic equilibrium of a rotating superfluid are found for low angular velocities, resulting in the calculation of the spectrum of critical angular velocities for the creation of one, two, and three vortices.
A geometric construction of Mathon's perp-system from four lines of PG(5,3)
Creators: name: Bamberg, John
name: De Clerck, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B2, 51E12, 51E14

description: We give a new construction of the Mathon perp-system of the five dimensional projective space over the field with three elements, starting from four lines.
The charge density wave instability in 2H-NbSe₂
Creators: name: Gallant, Michel Isidore
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Experimental and theoretical results on the charge density wave (CDW) layered compound 2H-NbSe₂ have been reviewed and discussed in relation to the nature of the CDW instability. A simple extension of the saddle point model to three dimensions has been given. The results are discussed in connection with the available band calculations. The anisotropic Knight shift, based on a [sup d]z², [sup d]xy, [sup d]x²-y² Fermi surface, has been estimated and compared with the NMR experimental value. The results indicate that the Fermi surface contains a significant mixture of the three "d" orbitals, but not enough to place the saddle point at the Fermi energy in the fitted tight binding bands. It is concluded that more work is necessary to decide whether saddle point or nesting behavior is responsible for CDW formation in 2H-NbSe₂.
Collective states of even-even nuclei in gamma-rigid quadrupole Hamiltonian with Minimal Length under the sextic potential
Creators: name: Batoul, A. El
name: Oulne, M.
name: Tagdamte, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we study the collective states of even even nuclei in gamma rigid mode within the sextic potential and the Minimal Length (ML) formalism in Bohr Mottelson model. The eigenvalues problem for this latter is solved by means conjointly of Quasi-Exact Solvability (QES) and a Quantum Perturbation Method (QPM). Numerical calculations are performed for 35 nuclei:(98 108)Ru, (100 102)Mo, (116 130)Xe, (180 196)Pt, (172)Os, (146 150)Nd, (132 134)Ce, (154)Gd, (156)Dy and (150 152)Sm. Through this study, it appears that our elaborated model leads to an improved agreement of the theoretical results with the corresponding experimental data by reducing the rms with a rate going up to 63% for some nuclei. This comes out from the fact that we have combined the sextic potential, which is a very useful phenomenological potential, with the formalism of the ML which is based on the generalized uncertainty principle and which is in turn a quantum concept widely used in quantum physics. Besides, we investigate the effect of ML on energy ratios, transition rates, moments of inertia and a shape phase transition for the most numerous isotopic chains, namely Ru, Xe, Nd and Pt.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1508.00728 by other authors
Split Peas in a Pod: Intra-System Uniformity of Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
Creators: name: Millholland, Sarah C.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The planets within compact multi-planet systems tend to have similar sizes, masses, and orbital period ratios, like "peas in a pod". This pattern was detected when considering planets with radii between 1 and 4 $R_\oplus$. However, these same planets show a bimodal radius distribution, with few planets between 1.5 and 2 $R_{\oplus}$. The smaller "super-Earths" are consistent with being stripped rocky cores, while the larger "sub-Neptunes" likely have gaseous H/He envelopes. Given these distinct structures, it is worthwhile to test for intra-system uniformity separately within each category of planets. Here, we find that the tendency for intra-system uniformity is twice as strong when considering planets within the same size category than it is when combining all planets together. The sub-Neptunes tend to be $1.7^{+0.6}_{-0.3}$ times larger than the super-Earths in the same system, corresponding to an envelope mass fraction of about 2.6% for a $5\,M_{\oplus}$ planet. For the sub-Neptunes, the low-metallicity stars are found to have planets with more equal sizes, with modest statistical significance ($p\sim 0.005$). There is also a modest $(\sim$2-$σ)$ tendency for wider-orbiting planets to be larger, even within the same size category.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters. 7 pages, 5 figures
The stable moduli space of flat connections over a surface
Creators: name: Ramras, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D27, 55N15, 55R37, 55P43

description: We compute the homotopy type of the moduli space of flat, unitary connections over aspherical surfaces, after stabilizing with respect to the rank of the underlying bundle. Over the orientable surface M^g, we show that this space has the homotopy type of the infinite symmetric product of M^g, generalizing a well-known fact for the torus. Over a non-orientable surface, we show that this space is homotopy equivalent to a disjoint union of two tori, whose common dimension corresponds to the rank of the first (co)homology group of the surface. Similar calculations are provided for products of surfaces, and show a close analogy with the Quillen-Lichtenbaum conjectures in algebraic K-theory. The proofs utilize Tyler Lawson's work in deformation K-theory, and rely heavily on Yang-Mills theory and gauge theory.
description: 40 pages. V2: Expanded Section 5.2; updated references; various minor revisions. Submitted version. V3: various proofs simplified, esp. in Sections 3, 5.2, and 6. This version includes many revisions based on a referee's comments, especially in Section 6. V4: proof of Lemma 5.7 corrected, other minor revisions
Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen
Creators: Danmarks Statistik
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen er at belyse befolkningens tilknytning til arbejdsmarkedet. Fx hvor mange der er beskæftigede, arbejdsløse (AKU-ledige) eller uden for arbejdsstyrken. Eller hvor mange lønmodtagere, der er på deltid, hvor mange timer 30-40-årige mænd typisk arbejder, eller hvor mange, ældre mennesker uden for arbejdsstyrken, der kunne tænke sig et arbejde.

Undersøgelsen følger den internationale arbejdsmarkedsorganisation ILO's retningslinjer for opgørelser af befolkningens tilknytning til arbejdsmarkedet. Arbejdskraftundersøgelsen laves efter samme retningslinjer i alle EU-lande og i en lang række andre lande, og er derfor den bedste danske undersøgelse til internationale sammenligninger af arbejdsmarkedsstatistik.
Multiferroic properties of oxygen functionalized magnetic i-MXene
Creators: name: Zhao, Mingyu
name: Chen, Jun
name: Wang, Shan-Shan
name: An, Ming
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional multiferroics inherit prominent physical properties from both low dimensional materials and magnetoelectric materials, and can go beyond their three dimensional counterparts for their unique structures. Here, based on density functional theory calculations, a MXene derivative, i.e., i-MXene (Ta$_{2/3}$Fe$_{1/3}$)$_2$CO$_2$, is predicted to be a type-I multiferroic material. Originated from the reliable $5d^0$ rule, its ferroelectricity is robust, with a moderate polarization up to $\sim12.33$ $μ$C/cm$^2$ along the a-axis, which can be easily switched and may persist above room temperature. Its magnetic ground state is layered antiferromagnetism. Although it is a type-I multiferroic material, its Néel temperature can be significantly tuned by the paraelectric-ferroelectric transition, manifesting a kind of intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling. Such magnetoelectric effect is originated from the conventional magnetostriction, but unexpectedly magnified by the exchange frustration. Our work not only reveals a nontrivial magnetoelectric mechanism, but also provides a strategy to search for more multiferroics in the two dimensional limit.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures