cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Injection drug use practices and HIV infection among people who inject drugs in Kigali, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Twahirwa Rwema, Jean O.
name: Nizeyimana, Vianney
name: Prata, Neia M.
name: Okonkwo, Nneoma E.
name: Mazzei, Amelia A.
name: Muhirwa, Sulemani
name: Rukundo, Athanase
name: Lucas, Lisa
name: Niyigena, Audace
name: Makuza, Jean Damascene
name: Beyrer, Chris
name: Baral, Stefan D.
name: Kagaba, Aflodis
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Background In Rwanda, epidemiological data characterizing people who inject drugs (PWID) and their burden of HIV are limited. We examined injection drug use (IDU) history and practices, and HIV infection in a sample of PWID in Kigali. Methods From October 2019 to February 2020, 307 PWID aged ≥ 18 were enrolled in a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling in Kigali. Participants completed interviewer-administered questionnaires on IDU history and practices and HIV testing. We used Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to assess IDU practices associated with HIV infection and assessed factors associated with needle sharing in the six months preceding the study. Results The median age was 28 years (IQR 24–31); 81% (251) were males. Female PWID were more likely to report recent IDU initiation, selling sex for drugs, and to have been injected by a sex partner (p < 0.05). In the prior six months, heroin was the primary drug of choice for 99% (303) of participants, with cocaine and methamphetamine also reported by 10% (31/307) and 4% (12/307), respectively. In total, 91% (280/307) of participants reported ever sharing needles in their lifetime and 43% (133) knew someone who died from a drug-related overdose. HIV prevalence was 9.5% (95% CI 8.7–9.3). Sharing needles at least half of the time in the previous six months was positively associated with HIV infection (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 2.67; 95% CI 1.23–5.78). Overall, 31% (94/307) shared needles and 33% (103/307) reused needles in the prior six months. Female PWID were more likely to share needles compared to males (aPR 1.68; 95% CI 1.09–2.59). Additionally, bisexual PWID (aPR 1.68; 95% CI 1.09–2.59), those who shared needles at the first injection (aPR 2.18; 95% CI 1.59–2.99), reused needles recently (aPR 2.27; 95% CI 1.51–3.43) and shared other drug paraphernalia (aPR 3.56; 95% CI 2.19–5.81) were more likely to report recent needle sharing. Conclusion HIV infection was common in this study. The high prevalence of needle reuse and sharing practices highlights significant risks for onward transmission and acquisition of HIV and viral hepatitis. These data highlight the urgent need for PWID-focused harm reduction services in Rwanda, including syringe services programs, safe injection education, naloxone distribution, and substance use disorder treatment programs and optimizing these services to the varied needs of people who use drugs in Rwanda.
title: Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP)
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Income generation

description: Administered by the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NCRS), the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program, established in 2014, provides financial and technical assistance to help conserve agricultural lands and limit non-agricultural uses of the land. Agricultural Land Easements protect the long-term viability of the nation’s food supply by preventing conversion of productive working lands to non-agricultural uses. Land protected by agricultural land easements provides additional public benefits, including environmental quality, historic preservation, wildlife habitat and protection of open space.
title: Establishing and promoting Community Seed Banks and exchange networks
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Access and benefit sharing

description: In 2007 the institute for fundamental research in tropical agriculture Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro de Humboldt' (INIFAT), together with several other public and non-governmental organizations, established Community Seed Banks (CSBs) as part of broader strategies for agrobiodiversity conservation in Cuba’s Biosphere Reserves. It aims to facilitate farmers' access to seed of a diversity of crops or to function as an emergency seed supply in the case that crops are damaged or destroyed. CSBs allow farmers to access healthy seeds adapted to their local conditions and do not require additional inputs they cannot afford; in addition, CSBs can support farmers who are interested in conserving seeds of traditional varieties or ‘Creole crops’ because of their origin and their cultural importance. The experience made with CSBs also allowed to define ‘duties’ of farmers for the CSBs to function. All this required training in issues related to seed conservation, data recording and cooperation with the central Genebank to create synergies, post-harvest, pest management, and management of agricultural biodiversity in the community.
title: Require applicant for plant variety protection to disclose the source of genetic material used in the development of a plant variety for which protection is sought, whether it is legally acquired
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Legal Rights
subject: AGROVOC: Farmers' Rights

description: Misappropriation of local plant genetic resources through the plant variety protection system (PVP) is a major concern for developing countries. Several developing countries such as India (2001), Thailand (1999), Malaysia (2004) and Egypt (2002) implement a disclosure obligation in their national PVP legislation. The obligation requires an applicant seeking PVP to disclose information about genetic material used in the development of the plant variety for which PVP protection is sought i.e. provide evidence that breeding material has been lawfully obtained, require applicant to show prior informed consent of the farmers/communities who have developed/conserved the materials has been obtained and compliance with benefit sharing requirements. Disclosure facilitates identification of farmers and local communities that should be entitled to benefit sharing payments. Disclosure obligation supports Article 9.1 of ITPGRFA which recognizes the historical and present contribution of local, indigenous communities and farmers and furthers implementation of Article 9.2(a) and (b) of the ITPGRFA. A challenge in implementation is the UPOV system which does not recognize or allow countries to institute disclosure obligations in national PVP law, although a prerequisite to further implementation of Farmers’ Rights. As such, several countries have opted for alternative sui generis PVP systems that incorporate disclosure obligation.
title: Promotion of Farmers’ Rights through awareness raising and capacity building materials
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Training
subject: AGROVOC: Capacity Development
subject: AGROVOC: Awareness-raising

description: Since 2015, the Development Fund together with its partner, Centre for Environmental Policy and Advocacy (CEPA), have been involved in promoting the realization of Farmers’ Rights and ensuring that the Government of Malawi’s policies support agrobiodiversity conservation and management. The main objective is to increase awareness of and contribute to the realization of Farmers’ Rights through publication and dissemination of capacity building materials for the realization of Farmer’s Rights in Malawi. The publication aims to provide tools to inform and create awareness amongst farming communities, relevant stakeholders and decision-makers; and to provide relevant information that can guide them in the development of protocols, community instruments, policies, legal and administrative measures ensuring the recognition and implementation of Farmers’ Rights. The partners have influenced the development of the new seed policy and legislation for Malawi to ensure that they support farmer seed systems that are critical for the realization of Farmers’ Rights. A central lesson learned is the importance of involving community members in the development of capacity building material as they contribute with reality checks on the local context.
title: Recognition of farmers’ varieties/landraces and voluntary registration
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Legal Rights
subject: AGROVOC: Farmers' Rights

description: The Brazilian Ministry of Agrarian Development (distinct from the Ministry of Agriculture), in cooperation with farmer associations, NGOs and others, developed Seed Law #10711 of 2003, recognizing farmer varieties/landraces and offering opportunities for voluntary registration. The objectives are to recognize smallholder family farmers’ varieties/landraces and to facilitate public support to their conservation, maintenance, enhancement, production, use and dissemination through government programmes. Article 48 of the Law forbids restrictions on the inclusion of local, traditional and Creole varieties in publicly funded programmes for family farmers. Ministerial Directive 51/2007 provides criteria for the voluntary registration of these varieties. Legal recognition has made possible government (financial) support for various projects and initiatives undertaken by NGOs and farmers and contributed to integrating farmer varieties/ landraces into national food and nutrition security programmes. Key conditions for success are farmers’ and civil society organizations’ engagement, mobilization and practical work on farmer varieties and seed and exemptions for farmers’ seed from laws and regulations addressing commercial varieties; furthermore, linking conservation and use of farmer varieties to public procurement programmes can provide incentives to sustain such initiatives.
Studying the Accuracy and Function of Different Thermometry Techniques for Measuring Body Temperature
Creators: name: Mah, Aaron James
name: Ghazi Zadeh, Leili
name: Khoshnam, Mahta
name: Askari, Shahbaz
name: Gandjbakhche, Amir H.
name: Shadgan, Babak
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this study was to determine which thermometry technique is the most accurate for regular measurement of body temperature. We compared seven different commercially available thermometers with a gold standard medical-grade thermometer (Welch-Allyn): four digital infrared thermometers (Wellworks, Braun, Withings, MOBI), one digital sublingual thermometer (Braun), one zero heat flux thermometer (3M), and one infrared thermal imaging camera (FLIR One). Thirty young healthy adults participated in an experiment that altered core body temperature. After baseline measurements, participants placed their feet in a cold-water bath while consuming cold water for 30 min. Subsequently, feet were removed and covered with a blanket for 30 min. Throughout the session, temperature was recorded every 10 min with all devices. The Braun tympanic thermometer (left ear) had the best agreement with the gold standard (mean error: 0.044 °C). The FLIR One thermal imaging camera was the least accurate device (mean error: −0.522 °C). A sign test demonstrated that all thermometry devices were significantly different than the gold standard except for the Braun tympanic thermometer (left ear). Our study showed that not all temperature monitoring techniques are equal, and suggested that tympanic thermometers are the most accurate commercially available system for the regular measurement of body temperature.
Supplementary document for Quantitative diagnosis of amyloid without Congo red staining using polarized light microscopy - 7473187.pdf
Creators: name: Lailey, Owen
name: Alais, Maria
name: Wang, Liuhe
name: Chahal, Pinki
name: Cory, David
name: Khoo, Timothy
name: Olkhov-Mitsel, Ekaterina
name: Sarenac, Dusan
name: Pushin, Dmitry
name: Mirkovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Reference measurements
title: ‘SNP Semences Normes et Paysans’, a multi-stakeholder platform for dialogue and consultation between government, agricultural civil society and research too promote recognition of farmers’ seed systems
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Decision making
subject: AGROVOC: Farmer participation

description: In Mali, the SNP Semences Normes et Paysans (Stakeholder Platform for Standard and Peasant Seeds) was established in 2017. It is chaired by the Ministry of Agriculture and its members are representatives of the National Assembly, of the Ministry of Agriculture and its technical services, farmer organizations working on peasant seeds, universities and research institutions, as well as supporting NGOs. The platform provides a space for political dialogue between the Malian government and Civil Society Organizations, particularly farmer organizations; its mandate is to promote the recognition of farmers’ seed systems and Farmers' Rights in Mali. The group provided an analysis of the existing legal framework governing seeds, identifying strengths and weaknesses in terms of the implementation of Farmers' Rights. On the basis of this shared diagnosis, the members of the SNP platform were able to develop proposals on how to fill existing gaps, which resulted, inter alia, in a common proposal for a chapter on farmers’ seed systems to be included in the national seed policy, which is currently under review. This example shows that a political dialogue with the real and full participation of farmer organizations can lead to a shared understanding of the issues and to proposals for realizing Farmers' Rights.
Low-Level Groundwater Atrazine in High Atrazine Usage Nebraska Counties: Likely Effects of Excessive Groundwater Abstraction
Creators: name: New-Aaron, Moses
name: Abimbola, Olufemi
name: Mohammadi, Raheleh
name: Famojuro, Oluwaseun
name: Naveed, Zaeema
name: Abadi, Azar
name: Bell, Jesse E.
name: Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon
name: Rogan, Eleanor G.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2022

description: Recent studies observed a correlation between estrogen-related cancers and groundwater atrazine in eastern Nebraska counties. However, the mechanisms of human exposure to atrazine are unclear because low groundwater atrazine concentration was observed in counties with high cancer incidence despite having the highest atrazine usage. We studied groundwater atrazine fate in high atrazine usage Nebraska counties. Data were collected from Quality Assessed Agrichemical Contaminant Nebraska Groundwater, Parameter–Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM), and water use databases. Descriptive statistics and cluster analysis were performed. Domestic wells (59%) were the predominant well type. Groundwater atrazine was affected by well depth. Clusters consisting of wells with low atrazine were characterized by excessive groundwater abstraction, reduced precipitation, high population, discharge areas, and metropolitan counties. Hence, low groundwater atrazine may be due to excessive groundwater abstraction accompanied by atrazine. Human exposure to atrazine in abstracted groundwater may be higher than the estimated amount in groundwater.
Evaluating the resilience of ESG investments in European Markets during turmoil periods
Creators: name: Iannone, Barbara
name: Duttilo, Pierdomenico
name: Gattone, Stefano Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study investigates the resilience of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments during periods of financial instability, comparing them with traditional equity indices across major European markets-Germany, France, and Italy. Using daily returns from October 2021 to February 2024, the analysis explores the effects of key global disruptions such as the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict on market performance. A mixture of two generalised normal distributions (MGND) and EGARCH-in-mean models are used to identify periods of market turmoil and assess volatility dynamics. The findings indicate that during crises, ESG investments present higher volatility in Germany and Italy than in France. Despite some regional variations, ESG portfolios demonstrate greater resilience compared to traditional ones, offering potential risk mitigation during market shocks. These results underscore the importance of integrating ESG factors into long-term investment strategies, particularly in the face of unpredictable financial turmoil.
title: Public procurement of farmers’ seed varieties for food programmes
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Income generation

description: Articulação do Semi-árido (ASA) Brasileiro worked with Paraiba State government to recognize farmer’s seed, strengthen seed production and facilitate distribution at state level. Later, these activities were connected to national programmes on agroecology, family farming and food and nutrition security. The objectives were to conserve biodiversity; to encourage production and exchange of seeds of local varieties; and to promote food security and sustainable farming practices. In 2002, a state law was passed in Paraiba to allow direct transfer from the government to farmers; in 2005, the procurement of farmer varieties for distribution through the national Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) was initiated, which was later extended to national level. Procurement through the PAA included a pillar on seed purchase; in addition, seed production, quality control and seed fairs were supported by government agencies, including the public sector agricultural research agency Embrapa. The integration of traditional food crops and farmer varieties into public procurement programmes has helped to strengthen and diversify production of family farms and resulted in healthier diets. In 2011, the PAA was being implemented in about 40% of municipalities in Brazil, reaching 25,000 government and non-government organizations, with 15 million people benefiting from food distribution through the programme annually.
title: Mercator-Professur 2008
Creators: name: Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mercator-Professur
subject: Naturwissenschaften
subject: Biologie
subject: 57
subject: 570

description: Inhalt Prof. Dr. Ulrich Radtke: Einleitung 1. Vorlesung, 4. Dezember 2008: Prof. Dr. Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard: Wachstum in Natur und Kultur Prof. Dr. Ulrich Radtke: Einleitung 2. Vorlesung, 27. Januar 2009 Prof. Dr. Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard: Frauen in den Naturwissenschaften
description: Mercator-Professur
title: Exemptions or flexibilities in seed registration for farmers’ varieties
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025

description: In Brazil, Peru and Nepal, responsible ministries and authorities, along with partnering NGOs and/or research organizations, developed policies, laws and regulations to facilitate registration of farmer varieties. Objectives of these initiatives were to provide options for the registration of farmer varieties that are easy, low cost and appropriate to the character of these varieties; to document farmers’ varieties and knowledge; to protect them from biopiracy; and to facilitate their dissemination at larger scale. In Brazil, a seed law offering voluntary registration of farmer varieties under specific criteria was passed in 2003. In Peru, a law listing native crops for protection was passed in 2005; furthermore, a national register was established. In Nepal, the Agricultural Biodiversity Policy of 2007 (amended in 2014) identified participatory plant breeding (PPB) as a strategy to enhance local varieties; criteria for the registration of such varieties in the national registration system were adapted in 2005. In Brazil, efforts to promote farmer varieties, combined with a wider agroecology approach, family farmer and food security programmes, resulted in enhanced food security nationally by 2013. In Nepal, PPB varieties have been successfully registered and sold; in Peru, farmer varieties have been maintained and used.
title: Crossroads Confessions & Other Configurations
Creators: name: Winsor, Rebecca Recce
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2008

description: My thesis is a memoir about my life as a dancer from my early teens through my early thirties, roughly the years 1964-1987. This time frame also chronicles both physical and emotional journeys during those years. There are nine chapters which chronicle dreams shattered and dreams reborn.
title: East-West Seed’s best practices on the implementation of Article 9 (Farmers’ Rights) of the ITPGRFA
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Participatory approaches

description: East-West Seed is a private seed company focusing on vegetable seed production for tropical conditions. It has developed several ‘good practices’ for the implementation of Article 9 of the International Treaty. For example, the company maintains strong ties with national genebanks; a Memorandum of Understanding was signed in 2018 between East- West Seed Co. Inc.-Philippines (EWPH) and the National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory (NPGRL) to collaborate on crop germplasm conservation, research and training. EWPH will assist NPGRL in reviving, regenerating and characterizing its old germplasm collection and to provide trainings relating to germplasm conservation. EWPH also maintains a pool of smallholder farmers known as Product Development Support (PDS) farmers, who conduct on-farm trials of newly bred vegetable varieties. These PDS farmers take an active role in deciding which newly bred vegetable varieties will be introduced in the market. Since 2000, EWPH has further engaged in extension and knowledge transfer activities in the Philippines and other countries (Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, India and Tanzania) by organizing farmer field schools, setting up demonstration farms, conducting field days and harvest festivals to promote profitable and sustainable production practices.
title: IPOPhl-NCIP Joint Administrative Order No. 01-2016 ‘Rules and Regulations on Intellectual Property Rights Application and Registration Protecting the Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices of Indigenous Peoples and Indigenous Cultural Communities
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Legal Rights
subject: AGROVOC: Farmers' Rights

description: The IPOPhl-NCIP Joint Administrative Order No.1-2016 was issued by the Intellectual Property Office (IPOPhl) and the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) in 2016. Considering certain limitations of protection and requirements for registration, which Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs)/Indigenous Peoples (IPs) may not be able to comply with under the IP Code and which are not consistent with the concept of community intellectual rights under the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act, the joint administrative order provides for the recognition of full ownership, control and protection of ICCs’/IPs’ community intellectual rights. Compliance by the intellectual property right applicant requires free and prior informed consent and disclosure of the use of any indigenous knowledge systems relating to genetic resources, including indigenous knowledge associated with wild/indigenous plants and food, traditional varieties, and landraces of ICCs and IPs, in intellectual property rights applications filed with IPOPhl. The NCIP is responsible to establish an IKSP registry, which shall be made available to the IPOPhl for use in the examination of intellectual property rights applications. The Joint Administrative Order will provide for capacity development of ICCs/IPs to enhance the protection and management of their intellectual property rights and Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices.
Dynamics of microswimmers at a liquid interface mediated by self-induced Marangoni flow
Creators: name: Mottammal, Prajitha
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We study the dynamics of a single and a pair of self-propelled microswimmers bound to move along a surfactant-loaded liquid-air interface. Some bacteria on the seawater surface secrete some chemicals in the form of surfactants, which reduce the surface tension on liquid-air interface and generate Marangoni flow. We study the combined effect of intrinsic self-propulsion velocity, Marangoni flow and the hydrodynamic coupling between the microswimmers on their dynamics. Our results show that self-induced Marangoni flow can stabilize the unstable rotational equilibria generated by two pushers bound to move along a surfactant-loaded liquid-air interface.
ADVANCING EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: AN ANALYSIS OF BLENDED LEARNING REFORMS FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Creators: name: Dr. Emily, Thompson
name: Dr. Daniel, Reed
Publisher: name: top journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Blended teaching, Flipped classroom, Higher education, Autonomous learning, Teaching reforms

description: In recent years, Chinese universities have made significant strides in enhancing teaching quality. However, several issues have emerged, including a focus on knowledge transmission over nurturing students' autonomous learning skills and a deficiency in comprehensive student assessment and evaluation. To address these challenges, universities have embarked on a series of reforms to traditional teaching models.

As network technology becomes more pervasive, universities are embracing the concept of blended teaching. This approach does not entirely replace traditional methods with technology but integrates network technology into conventional teaching to leverage complementary strengths. Many institutions are actively exploring and implementing blended teaching, yet numerous aspects of this teaching model warrant further investigation.

This includes the integration of the flipped classroom concept with traditional teaching, the effective design and development of blended courses, and other aspects that offer ample opportunities for in-depth study and exploration
title: Philippine Plant Variety Protection Act of 2002 (Republic Act No. 9168 of 2002)
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Decision making
subject: AGROVOC: Farmer participation

description: The Plant Variety Protection Act of 2002 provides exclusive rights to plant breeders over the propagating material of their protected variety, i.e. the right to authorize the production or reproduction, conditioning for the purpose of propagation, offering to sale, selling or other marketing strategies, exporting, importing and stocking of the plant variety. The Certificate of Plant Variety Protection does not, however, extend to the traditional right of small farmers to save, use, exchange, share or sell farm produce of a variety protect¬ed under the Act; the objective is to maintain these practices of small-scale farmers. The National Plant Protection Board determines the conditions under which this exception shall apply. The Board is chaired by the Secretary of the Department of Agriculture, co-chaired by the Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology and vice-chaired by the Director-General of the Intellectual Property Office. Members include (1) the Director of the Bureau of Plant Industry; (2) the Director of the Institute of Plant Breeding of the University of the Philippines; (3) the President of the Philippine Seed Industry Association; (4) a representative of the federation of small-scale farmers; and (5) a registrar. So far, there have been no reports of infringement.
title: Mercator-Professur 2009
Creators: name: Scholl-Latour, Peter
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 320

description: Mit dem bekannten Journalisten und Publizisten Prof. E.h. Dr. Peter Scholl-Latour konnte die Mercator-Professur 2009 wieder hervorragend besetzt werden. Im ersten Vortrag am 3. Dezember 2009 im Audimax am Duisburger Campus hat sich Peter Scholl-Latour mit der hochaktuellen Frage "Siegen in Afghanistan?" auseinandergesetzt. Der zweite Vortrag am 26. Januar 2010 im Audimax am Essener Campus befasste sich mit dem nicht minder spannenden Thema "Das Ende der weißen Weltherrschaft".
description: Mercator-Professur
title: Capacity Building and Promotion of Dynamic Conservation and Sustainable Use of Agro-biodiversity in traditional ecosystems of the Philippines/In situ conservation of traditional varieties
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Management techniques
subject: AGROVOC: Conservation agriculture

description: Following the successful implementation of the FAO-GEF funded ‘Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Global Project’ (2005-2015), an upscaled FAO-GEF Philippine project was started in 2017, led by the Department of Agriculture along with partner institutions at different levels. The project aims to develop capacities of stakeholders to promote dynamic conservation practices that sustain globally significant agrobiodiversity in traditional agroecosystems of the Philippines. Core components include (1) mainstreaming agrobiodiversity considerations into policy and legal frameworks, development strategies and institutional structures; (2) on-the-ground activities to enhance and expand dynamic conservation practices for agrobiodiversity in three pilot municipalities; and (3) dissemination of information and awareness raising. Key achievements include agrobiodiversity inventory, mapping, and documentation, e.g. of traditional rice varieties and wild relatives in several municipalities of Ifugao province and of the indigenous fibre crop ‘abaca’ in South Cotabato province; collection and depository od traditional rice seeds to national genebank; establishment of 17 community seed banks; trainings on product development and marketing; linking farmers and private enterprises; and proposed amendments to include Farmers’ Rights in the Seed Act.
BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS IN THE PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Creators: name: Ximmatova, Yangildi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Atherosclerosis is a chronic and multifactorial disease of the arterial wall that evolves through a complex interplay of biochemical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms. The present study investigates the progressive stages of atherosclerosis, emphasizing the roles of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, inflammatory mediators, and endothelial dysfunction. Our observational study analyzed 300 patients stratified into four clinical groups—control, early, moderate, and severe atherosclerosis—based on diagnostic imaging, clinical scoring, and biochemical profiling. The study incorporated advanced biomarker analysis, histological tissue examination, and enzyme activity assessment. Results demonstrated significant correlations between oxidized LDL, proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and suppressed endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. These findings underline the need for a systems biology approach to detect, predict, and intervene in the progression of atherosclerosis, offering new insights for targeted therapies
A meta-narrative review of research traditions on hidden workers in aging population for transdisciplinary implementation research
Creators: name: Lee, Sora
name: Kang, Woojin
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Hidden workers are defined as the three vulnerable subgroups of workers: the underemployed, the unemployed, and the discouraged workers. Hidden workers indeed the group with multiple identities; a transitioning retiree, jobseeker, caring for some, who may also have long term health conditions and ethnic minority all at the same time. Designing an intervention for this group necessitates the transdisciplinary knowledge. Transdisciplinary knowledge is crucial because it can inform how the intersectoral challenges might be addressed in interventions, and how the intersectoral implementation design and evaluation on hidden workers might be designed. This paper maps the intellectual landscape of the hidden workers in aging population literature to identify key disciplinary research clusters; and to find out how those research clusters are investigating hidden workers. With the meta-narrative review methodology on studies retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, five research clusters were identified: (1) public health approaches to hidden workers, (2) welfare state and aging workforce, (3) older jobseekers, (4) life course perspective, (5) retirement transitions. Each research cluster focuses on different aspects of hidden workers, with varying research questions and rationales. These include conceptualising the determinants of the hidden workers in aging populations and the complex interrelation with public health. Furthermore, we suggest an analytical framework to allow for better understanding between the research traditions based on (1) the chosen socioecological level of analysis, (2) whether the research question is on the determinant for hidden workers or on the outcome of being hidden and (3) the chronosystem (early/middle/later life) timeframe of research question that is addressed. Through this study, we can identify the main issues faced by hidden workers among the older adults and the measures to address these issues as well as opening up a possibility for cross-sectoral policy responses.
Predicting heterogeneity in clone-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities using single-cell transcriptomic signatures
Creators: name: Suphavilai, Chayaporn
name: Chia, Shumei
name: Sharma, Ankur
name: Tu, Lorna
name: Da Silva, Rafael P.
name: Mongia, Aanchal
name: DasGupta, Ramanuj
name: Nagarajan, Niranjan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: While understanding molecular heterogeneity across patients underpins precision oncology, there is increasing appreciation for taking intra-tumor heterogeneity into account. Based on large-scale analysis of cancer omics datasets, we highlight the importance of intra-tumor transcriptomic heterogeneity (ITTH) for predicting clinical outcomes. Leveraging single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) with a recommender system (CaDRReS-Sc), we show that heterogeneous gene-expression signatures can predict drug response with high accuracy (80%). Using patient-proximal cell lines, we established the validity of CaDRReS-Sc’s monotherapy (Pearson r>0.6) and combinatorial predictions targeting clone-specific vulnerabilities (>10% improvement). Applying CaDRReS-Sc to rapidly expanding scRNA-seq compendiums can serve as in silico screen to accelerate drug-repurposing studies. Availability: https://github.com/CSB5/CaDRReS-Sc .
title: Increasing genetic diversity and realizing Farmers’ Rights through Evolutionary Participatory Plant Breeding (EPPB)
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Participatory approaches

description: Since 2008, the Centre for Sustainable Development and Environment (Cenesta) has started an Evolutionary Participatory Plant Breeding (EPPB) Programme in Iran in collaboration with several national and international partners, including governmental, non-governmental and research organizations as well as farmers’ associations. The objective was to enhance the resilience of targeted low-input marginal farmers in different microclimates of Iran through increasing genetic diversity and developing evolutionary crop populations with higher and stable yields under conditions of climate change and local stress conditions, including drought, water scarcity, salinity, pests and diseases. Core components were: (1) establishing evolutionary populations (EPs) in farmers’ fields and ensuring sustainable seed supply; and (2) enhancing the policy and regulatory frameworks for sustainable use of PGRFA. The Programme further addressed capacity development of farmers and researchers to ensure the necessary institutional support to access, maintain and use evolutionary crop populations, which increase productive gains while at the same time maintaining yield stability and ecosystem resilience under changing climate conditions. Additionally, EPPB can provide the market with nutritious food and feed.
IX – XI ASRLARDA QUYI VOLGABO'YI VA JANUBIY SIBIR HUDUDLARI MUSULMONLASHUVDA XORAZMNING O'RNI MUAMMOSI
Creators: name: Abdullaev Sarvar Xudayarovich  Urganch davlat pedagogika instituti Yoshlar bilan ishlash, ma'naviyat-ma'rifat bo'limi boshlig'i
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada IX – XI asrlarda Xorazm davlatining Quyi Volgabo‘yi va Janubiy Sibir hududlari bilan savdo – iqtisodiy aloqalari hamda shu aloqalar jarayonida mazkur hududlarning islom dinini qabul qilishi jarayoni va bu jarayonda xorazmliklarning o‘rni haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Umuman IX – XI asrlarda Quyi Volgabo‘yi va Janubiy Sibir hududlari musulmonlashuvda Xorazmning o‘rni muammosi hozirgi kunda nafaqat O‘zbekiston balki, O‘rta Osiyo xalqlari tarixining ham dolzarb muammolaridan biri hisoblanib, bu mavzuga oid birorta yakuniy tadqiqot yo‘q. SHu jihatdan olganda mazkur maqolada IX – XI asrlarda Quyi Volgabo‘yi va Janubiy Sibir hududlari musulmonlashuvda Xorazmning o‘rni mavzusi turli manbalar ma’lumotlari asosida tahlil qilingan va xulosalar chiqarilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar: Volgabo‘yi, Janubiy Sibir, Volga Bulg‘oriyasi davlati, Xazar xoqonligi, Xorazm, yahudolik, al-arsiya, islom, savdo aloqalari, Ibn Fadlan, afrig‘iylar, ma’muniylar, anushteginiylar, Dashti Qipchoq, qipchoqlar, o‘g‘uzlar, bijanaklar.
INTERNATIONAL REGULATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION
Creators: name: Alijonov, Ayubjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The digital economy has become a cornerstone of modern global commerce, intertwining technology and economic activity in unprecedented ways. From e-commerce and digital finance to artificial intelligence and blockchain, the digital realm has revolutionized how businesses operate and how economic transactions occur. However, this transformation brings significant regulatory challenges that necessitate international cooperation. This article explores the current landscape of international regulation concerning digital economic cooperation, identifies the major challenges, and proposes strategies for effective governance.
title: Policy analysis to identify gaps in the legal framework for seed regarding the implementation of Farmers' Rights in Burkina Faso
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Legal Rights
subject: AGROVOC: Farmers' Rights

description: In 2017, the sub-regional civil society organization Comité Ouest-Africain des Semences Paysannes (COASP), as a member of Convergence Globale des Luttes pour la Terre et l’Eau and in colla¬boration with Réseau Mondial pour le Droit à l’Alimentation et la Nutrition (both networks to promote environmental rights and the right to food), conducted an analysis of the current normative framework relating to seed in Burkina Faso. The objective was to understand the implications of the transformation of seed systems in Burkina Faso from the perspective of farming communities and their rights to seed. The analysis resulted in the following key observations: (1) farmers’ seeds and seed systems are of crucial importance for food security and sovereignty as well as biodiversity conservation; (2) farming communities exercise their rights over seeds mainly through their seed systems; (3) the realization of Farmers' Rights thus depends on the recognition and legal protection of farmers’ seeds and seed systems. However, the current normative framework has significant shortcomings in this regard. The in-depth analysis of the normative framework has created the basis for a policy dialogue between farmers’ and civil society organizations and the government on the adoption of appropriate measures for the realization of Farmers' Rights.
title: Farmers’ seed systems and the conservation of agrobiodiversity in South Africa: the establishment and support of Community Seed Banks
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Access and benefit sharing

description: The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), together with Bioversity International and provincial governments of Limpopo, Eastern Cape and North-West provinces of South Africa, implemented a project aiming to strengthen farmers’ seed systems through Community Seed Banks (CSBs) and participation of farmers in national PGRFA conservation programmes. The initial project started in 2013 with a duration of three years; funding was then extended in order to spread the efforts to other parts of the country and to expand the activities towards crop improvement/Participatory Plant Breeding with participating farmers/communities. Core components included (1) Consultation with provincial extension services and farmers; (2) surveys of PGRFA availability; (3) establishment of CSBs; (4) training of farmers; and (5) monitoring CSB activities. Three CSBs were established, and traditional food/seed fairs were conducted; seed exchange among farmers from different provinces was facilitated and farmers were trained in CSB management.  The accumulated experiences of establishing and supporting those three CSBs in South Africa have been used as input for the development of two manuals on CSBs for different target audiences. The importance of involving stakeholders from the initial planning process and throughout the implementation process was recognized.
title: Locally adapted varieties in Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Guatemala
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Participatory approaches

description: This good practice started in 1999 in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Huehuetenango, Guatemala, with active participation of the Asociación de Organizaciones de los Cuchumatanes (ASOCUCH), technical support by Fundación para la Innovación Tecnológica (FUNDIT) and Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícola (ICTA) and financial support by the Norwegian Development Fund (Utviklingsfondet). The main objective was to improve the livelihoods of small-scale farmer families and indigenous communities through the sustainable use of native agrobiodiversity, including for adaptation to climate change. The core components of the initiative include: (1) participatory characterization of local varieties of maize, beans, vegetables and native herbs with the participation of farmers organized in Community Seed Banks and/or Local Agricultural Research Committees (CIALs); (2) Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB) of maize varieties adapted to specific conditions; and (3) improvement of local varieties, mainly maize, through the use of the Stratified Mass Selection method. The main results obtained include the generation of 10 improved varieties of maize; the dissemination of more than 3,000 seed packages
title: ‘Single window’ system for joint implementation of ITPGRFA and Nagoya Protocol
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Legal Rights
subject: AGROVOC: Farmers' Rights

description: Since 2015, Benin has developed a system for joint implementation of the Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS) provisions of the ITPGRFA and the Nagoya Protocol in the frame of a project implemented by the Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin (INRAB) and the NGO Cercle de Sauvegarde des Ressources Naturelles (CeSaReN). Bioversity International, the Darwin Project and several other partners were involved in this initiative. Project activities entailed pilot work in two communities to raise farmers' awareness of their rights and enhance their capacities for sustainable management of resources. After a series of consultations, transitional provisions called ‘National Guidelines for Access and Benefit-sharing from the Utilization of Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (ABS)’ were developed, establishing a ‘single window’ system and delegating responsibilities to the competent national authorities. These ‘National ABS Guidelines’ were adopted by the Council of Ministers in 2017; the Decree on National ABS Guidelines was signed in September 2018. The rights of holders of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources are protected based on standard procedures for Prior Informed Consent and Mutually Agreed Terms. Benefit-sharing contracts must be established in accordance with the provisions of the national guidelines and can include monetary or non-monetary benefits.
title: Advocacy work for the implementation of Farmers' Rights in national laws
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: AGROVOC: Training
subject: AGROVOC: Capacity Development
subject: AGROVOC: Awareness-raising

description: Since 1991, Confédération Paysanne, together with Coordination Nationale de Défense des Semences de Ferme (CNDSF), has engaged in advocacy work to defend the right of farmers to use seeds harvested from their own crops; the organization has further mobilized against transgenic crops on many occasions. In 2001, Confédération Paysanne partnered with organic producer associations and CNDSF to establish the Réseau Semences Paysannes (RSP), pooling the resources of organizations that support and develop peasant seeds for farmers’ and gardeners’ use. Confédération Paysanne and RSP have also participated in several European scientific programmes, which aimed, inter alia, at making proposals for legislative measures to protect and develop agrobiodiversity. In 2008, they initiated the civil society movement ‘Semons la biodiversité’ (‘Let’s sow biodiversity’) aiming to amend French national laws where they limit the rights of farmers. This movement has launched numerous public awareness campaigns (educational documents, petitions, public conferences, open farms, etc.), including with activities directly targeting Members of Parliament (e.g. public letters, internet campaigns, etc.). These campaigns have contributed to several achievements in terms of laws and regulations that facilitate, to a certain extent, the sharing and use of farm-saved seed and other planting materials, at the national and European level.