cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ein Blick auf das Kindeswohl von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Geflüchteten im Asylsystem der Schweiz: Handlungsmöglichkeiten und Herausforderungen in der Sicherstellung des Kindeswohls von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Geflüchteten im Arbeitsalltag von Sozialarbeitenden
Creators: name: Brunner, Olivia
name: Schichl, Anne-Sophie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten von Sozialarbeitende bezüglich des Kindeswohls bei unbegleiteten minderjährigen Geflüchteten innerhalb der gegebenen strukturellen und rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in der Schweiz. Dabei werden zunächst die unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffe «Kindeswohl» und «Kindeswohlgefährdung» beleuchtet. Anschliessend wird die Personengruppe «unbegleitete minderjährige Geflüchtete» definiert sowie das Asylverfahrens und verschiedener Unterbringungs- und Betreuungsmöglichkeiten dargestellt. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Bewertung und Diskussion dieser Aspekte anhand aktueller Studien und Berichte, wobei der «Agency-Ansatz» eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Die Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten mit welchen Sozialarbeitende in der Beziehungsgestaltung mit ihren Klientel konfrontiert sind deutlich werden dabei deutlich. Das Hauptziel der Arbeit besteht darin, die Handlungsmöglichkeiten von Sozialarbeitenden im oben genannten Rahmen empirisch zu überprüfen und die Sicherstellung des Kindeswohls zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden fünf Expert*inneninterviews durchgeführt, ausgewertet und interpretiert. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen weitgehend die in der Literatur diskutierten Herausforderungen, die massgeblich durch rechtliche und strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen geprägt sind. Es wird deutlich, dass die Sicherung des Kindeswohls wesentlich vom persönlichen Engagement der beteiligten Akteur*innen abhängt. Die Forschungsarbeit richtet sich in erster Linie an Fachpersonen der Sozialen Arbeit, die im Migrationsbereich, insbesondere in der Arbeit mit unbegleiteten minderjährigen Geflüchteten, tätig sind.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur & Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Hydrodynamic interactions between nearby slender filaments
Creators: name: Man, Yi
name: Koens, Lyndon
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cellular biology abound with filaments interacting through fluids, from intracellular microtubules, to rotating flagella and beating cilia. While previous work has demonstrated the complexity of capturing nonlocal hydrodynamic interactions between moving filaments, the problem remains difficult theoretically. We show here that when filaments are closer to each other than their relevant length scale, the integration of hydrodynamic interactions can be approximately carried out analytically. This leads to a set of simplified local equations, illustrated on a simple model of two interacting filaments, which can be used to tackle theoretically a range of problems in biology and physics.
High-accuracy high-mass ratio simulations for binary neutron stars and their comparison to existing waveform models
Creators: name: Ujevic, Maximiliano
name: Rashti, Alireza
name: Gieg, Henrique
name: Tichy, Wolfgang
name: Dietrich, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subsequent observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network will likely provide us with various gravitational-wave observations of binary neutron star systems. For an accurate interpretation of these detections, we need reliable gravitational-wave models. To test and to point out how existing models could be improved, we perform a set of high-resolution numerical-relativity simulations for four different physical setups with mass ratios $q$ = $1.25$, $1.50$, $1.75$, $2.00$, and total gravitational mass $M = 2.7M_\odot$ . Each configuration is simulated with five different resolutions to allow a proper error assessment. Overall, we find approximately 2nd order converging results for the dominant $(2,2)$, but also subdominant $(2,1)$, $(3,3)$, $(4,4)$ modes, while, generally, the convergence order reduces slightly for an increasing mass ratio. Our simulations allow us to validate waveform models, where we find generally good agreement between state-of-the-art models and our data, and to prove that scaling relations for higher modes currently employed for binary black hole waveform modeling also apply for the tidal contribution. Finally, we also test if the current NRTidal model to describe tidal effects is a valid description for high-mass ratio systems. We hope that our simulation results can be used to further improve and test waveform models in preparation for the next observing runs.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Analysis of climate variability of Indonesia using a regional climate model
Creators: name: Suaydhi.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Lectures on the Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Levkovich-Maslyuk, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a pedagogical introduction to the Bethe ansatz techniques in integrable QFTs and spin chains. We first discuss and motivate the general framework of asymptotic Bethe ansatz for the spectrum of integrable QFTs in large volume, based on the exact S-matrix. Then we illustrate this method in several concrete theories. The first case we study is the SU(2) chiral Gross-Neveu model. We derive the Bethe equations via algebraic Bethe ansatz, solving in the process the Heisenberg XXX spin chain. We discuss this famous spin chain model in some detail, covering in particular the coordinate Bethe ansatz, some properties of Bethe states, and the classical scaling limit leading to finite-gap equations. Then we proceed to the more involved SU(3) chiral Gross-Neveu model and derive the Bethe equations using nested algebraic Bethe ansatz to solve the arising SU(3) spin chain. Finally we show how a method similar to the Bethe ansatz works in a completley different setting, namely for the 1d oscillator in quantum mechanics. This article is part of a collection of introductory reviews originating from lectures given at the YRIS summer school in Durham during July 2015.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures; v2: references updated
On the Role of the Head Ganglia in Posture and Walking in Insects
Creators: name: Emanuel, Stav
name: Kaiser, Maayan
name: Pflueger, Hans-Joachim
name: Libersat, Frederic
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: walking
subject: insect
subject: cerebral ganglia
subject: gnathal ganglia
subject: motor control
subject: central complex
subject: posture
subject: neuroethology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: In insects, locomotion is the result of rhythm generating thoracic circuits and their modulation by sensory reflexes and by inputs from the two head ganglia, the cerebral and the gnathal ganglia (GNG), which act as higher order neuronal centers playing different functions in the initiation, goal-direction, and maintenance of movement. Current knowledge on the various roles of major neuropiles of the cerebral ganglia (CRG), such as mushroom bodies (MB) and the central complex (CX), in particular, are discussed as well as the role of the GNG. Thoracic and head ganglia circuitries are connected by ascending and descending neurons. While less is known about the ascending neurons, recent studies in large insects and Drosophila have begun to unravel the identity of descending neurons and their appropriate roles in posture and locomotion. Descending inputs from the head ganglia are most important in initiating and modulating thoracic central pattern generating circuitries to achieve goal directed locomotion. In addition, the review will also deal with some known monoaminergic descending neurons which affect the motor circuits involved in posture and locomotion. In conclusion, we will present a few issues that have, until today, been little explored. For example, how and which descending neurons are selected to engage a specific motor behavior and how feedback from thoracic circuitry modulate the head ganglia circuitries. The review will discuss results from large insects, mainly locusts, crickets, and stick insects but will mostly focus on cockroaches and the fruit fly, Drosophila.
Control and tunability of magnetic bubble states in multilayers with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at ambient conditions
Creators: name: Salikhov, Ruslan
name: Samad, Fabian
name: Arekapudi, Sri Sai Phani Kanth
name: Lindner, Jürgen
name: Kiselev, Nikolai S.
name: Hellwig, Olav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reversal of magnetic bubble helicity through topologically trivial transient states provides an additional degree of freedom that promises the development of multidimensional magnetic memories. A key requirement for this concept is the stabilization of bubble states at ambient conditions on application-compatible substrates. In the present work we demonstrate a stabilization routine for remanent bubble states in high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy [(Co(0.44\,nm)/Pt(0.7\,nm)]$_X$, X = 48, 100, 150 multilayers on Si/SiO$_2$ substrates by exploring the effect of external magnetic fields ($H_\mathrm{m}$) of different strength and angles ($θ$) with respect to the film surface normal. By systematic variation of these two parameters, we demonstrate that remanent bubble density and mean bubble diameter can be carefully tuned and optimized for each sample. Our protocol based on magnetometry only reveals the densest remanent bubble states at $H_\mathrm{m} = 0.87 H_\mathrm{s}$ ($H_\mathrm{s}$ is the magnetic saturation field) and $θ=60^\circ - 75^\circ$ for all $X$ with a maximum of 3736 domains/100 $μ$m$^2$ for the X = 48 sample. The experimental observations are supported by micromagnetic simulations taking into account the nanoscale lateral grain structure of multilayers synthesized by magnetron sputter deposition, and thus helping understand the different density of the bubble states found in these systems.
description: Regular Article: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Self-consistent Description of Bose-Bose Droplets: Harmonically Trapped Quasi-2D Droplets
Creators: name: Zin, Paweł
name: Pylak, Maciej
name: Gajda, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a quantum droplet of a Bose-Bose mixture squeezed by an external harmonic forces in one spatial direction. Our approach is based on the self-consistent method formulated in [1]. The true spatial droplet profile in the direction of confinement is accounted for, however local density approximation is assumed in the free directions. We define a numerical approach to find the beyond-mean-field contribution to the chemical potential (Lee-Huang-Yang chemical potential) -- the quantity that determines the droplet's profile. In addition to the numerical approach, we find the Lee-Huang-Yang potential in the analytic form in two limiting cases: a perturbative result for a strong confinement and a semiclassical expression when confinement is very weak.
PTB-Publica
Creators: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB )
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB )
Year: 2015
Subjects: PTB-Publica
publications database
PTB-Publica_Pro
PTB-Publica_multi

description: PTB-Publica is the publications database of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig and Berlin. PTB-Publica documents articles written by PTB staff members published in books, conference proceedings, journals, PhD-theses and reports. The main part of the records begins with the year 1999. All of the data records are structured in documentarily relevant fields. The major part of the article related records is provided with a comprehensive abstract of the respective article.
The Role of Egg Production in the Etiology of Keel Bone Damage in Laying Hens
Creators: name: Eusemann, Beryl Katharina
name: Patt, Antonia
name: Schrader, Lars
name: Weigend, Steffen
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
name: Petow, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hen
subject: keel bone
subject: fracture
subject: deviation
subject: radiographic density
subject: laying performance
subject: egg production
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::632 Schäden, Krankheiten, Schädlinge an Pflanzen

description: Keel bone fractures and deviations belong to the most severe animal welfare problems in laying hens and are influenced by several factors such as husbandry system and genetic background. It is likely that egg production also influences keel bone health due to the high demand of calcium for the eggshell, which is, in part, taken from the skeleton. The high estrogen plasma concentration, which is linked to the high laying performance, may also affect the keel bone as sexual steroids have been shown to influence bone health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between egg production, genetically determined high laying performance, estradiol-17ß concentration, and keel bone characteristics. Two hundred hens of two layer lines differing in laying performance (WLA: high performing; G11: low performing) were divided into four treatment groups: Group S received an implant containing a GnRH agonist that suppressed egg production, group E received an implant containing the sexual steroid estradiol-17ß, group SE received both implants, and group C were kept as control hens. Between the 12th and the 62nd weeks of age, the keel bone of all hens was radiographed and estradiol-17ß plasma concentration was assessed at regular intervals. Non-egg laying hens showed a lower risk of keel bone fracture and a higher radiographic density compared to egg laying hens. Exogenous estradiol-17ß was associated with a moderately higher risk of fracture within egg laying but with a lower risk of fracture and a higher radiographic density within non-egg laying hens. The high performing layer line WLA showed a significantly higher fracture risk but also a higher radiographic density compared to the low performing layer line G11. In contrast, neither the risk nor the severity of deviations were unambiguously influenced by egg production or layer line. We assume that within a layer line, there is a strong association between egg production and keel bone fractures, and, possibly, bone mineral density, but not between egg production and deviations. Moreover, our results confirm that genetic background influences fracture prevalence and indicate that the selection for high laying performance may negatively influence keel bone health.
Geflüchtete Frauen in der Schweiz: Eine intersektionale Forschungsarbeit über Zugänge zu soziokulturellen Angeboten im Asylbereich
Creators: name: Brunnschweiler, Léonie
name: Obrist, Rahel
name: Stähli, Nina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: 40% der Personen im Asylbereich der Schweiz sind Frauen. Und doch existieren wenige Daten und wenig Fachwissen zu dieser Personengruppe. Bereits in der historischen Migrationsforschung wurden Frauen nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt. Auch die aktuelle Gesetzgebung ist dementsprechend nicht auf Frauen ausgerichtet. Dies hat prekäre Zustände im Asylprozess zur Folge. Auch die soziokulturelle Angebotslandschaft im Asylbereich legt keinen Fokus auf geflüchtete Frauen. Um diese als Zielgruppe erreichen zu können und bedürfnisorientierte Angebote zu schaffen, ist es unabdingbar, dass diese Personengruppe mehr Aufmerksamkeit der Sozialen Arbeit erhält. Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit «Geflüchtete Frauen in der Schweiz: Eine intersektionale Forschungsarbeit über Zugänge zu soziokulturellen Angeboten im Asylbereich» von Nina Stähli, Rahel Obrist und Léonie Brunnschweiler möchte einen wissenschaftlichen Beitrag zur mangelhaften Datenlage leisten und mögliche Handlungsoptionen für die Soziokulturelle Animation aufzeigen. Eine intersektionale Sichtweise ist in diesem Kontext unumgänglich. Diese Thesis beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie sich Zugänge zu soziokulturellen Angeboten im Asylbereich für geflüchtete Frauen in der Schweiz gestalten. Mit Hilfe 13 problemzentrierter Interviews versuchten die Autorinnen die Perspektiven der Frauen in die Arbeit einfliessen zu lassen. Sie ziehen den Schluss, dass ein dringender Handlungsbedarf für die Soziokulturelle Animation besteht. Beispiele sind eine intersektionale Grundhaltung, das Verbessern der Erreichbarkeit der Angebote, das Gestalten einer niederschwelligen Angebotsstruktur und das Erschaffen von Safer Spaces.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be+ Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur & Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
$K$ dependent exchange interaction of the $1S$ ortho exciton in Cu$_2$O
Creators: name: Schweiner, Frank
name: Main, Jörg
name: Wunner, Günter
name: Uihlein, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When treating the exchange interaction of Wannier excitons, usually only the leading terms of the analytic and the nonanalytic exchange interaction are considered. However, higher order terms can lead to a splitting of exciton states, for which reason a splitting of the $1S$~exciton in cuprous oxide $\left(\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}\right)$ depending on its total momentum $\hbar K$ has been attributed to a $K$ dependent analytic exchange interaction by Dasbach et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 107401 (2003)]. Going beyond the common treatment of the exchange interaction, we derive the correct expressions for these $K$ dependent higher order terms using $\boldsymbol{k}\cdot\boldsymbol{p}$ perturbation theory. We prove that the appearance of a $K$ dependent exchange interaction is inseparably connected with a $K$ independent exchange interaction of $P$ and $D$ excitons. We estimate the magnitude of these terms for $\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}$ from microscopic calculations and show that they are far too small to explain the observed $K$ dependent splitting. Instead, this splitting has to be treated in terms of the dispersion of the excitons. Furthermore, we prove the occurence of a coupling between longitudinal and transverse excitons in $\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}$ due to the $K$ dependent nonanalytic exchange interaction.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Enhanced quantum tunneling in quantum Zeno dynamics freezing momentum direction
Creators: name: Porras, Miguel A.
name: Mata, Nilo
name: Gonzalo, Isabel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum tunneling is a fundamental quantum mechanical effect involved in plenty of physical phenomena. Its control would impact these phenomena and the technologies based on them. We show that the quantum tunneling probability through a potential barrier can be increased to approach unity in a quantum Zeno dynamics undergone by the tunneling particle in which the direction of the momentum is frequently monitored. We first model the measurements of the momentum direction as selective von Neumann projections, and then as nonselective, direction-sensitive interactions of the particle with probe particles. Nonselective measurements are more efficient than selective measurements in enhancing the quantum tunneling probability.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 4 links to supplemental material (videos): 6 MB each
Early innate immune responses in HIV infection
Creators: name: Skelton, Jessica Katy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 has evolved to evade many cellular innate immune pathways and yet is most typically associated with aberrant immune activation. However, most current models have evaluated this during chronic phases of HIV-1 infection and to date, the early innate immune kinetics remain elusive. Here, we evaluate the impact of HIV-1 infection on cell-intrinsic innate immune responses using both IFN reporter cell lines and primary cells in vitro, as well as in vivo in humanized mice. We delineate the immune activation during the HIV-1 eclipse, burst and chronic phases of infection in humanized mice. We show that HIV-1 actively down-regulates type I interferon (IFN) and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) responses in peripheral, but not splenic cells during the eclipse phase of infection. Using a combination of phosflow, flow cytometry and gene expression analysis we define the ability of HIV-1 to differentially affect its innate immune recognition in peripheral and lymphoid cells during the burst phase of infection. Contrastingly, during chronic HIV-1 infection, we identified a targeted down-regulation of HIV-1 restriction factor transcripts in peripheral circulation, which is not mirrored in lymphoid tissues. Finally, using both small molecule inhibitors and previously described HIV-1 capsid mutant viruses, we evaluate the importance of HIV-1 capsid-co-factor interactions and demonstrate their importance in maintaining viral fitness and replication in vivo. Overall, our data suggest that nucleoporin-358, rather than cyclophilin A is responsible for the down-regulation of cell-intrinsic immune responses observed during HIV-1 infection. We highlight the importance of HIV-1 manipulation of host innate immune responses to propagate infection at different stages, further emphasising the complexity of HIV-1 innate immune regulation. Taken together, we emphasise the need for consideration of compartmentalised responses when developing novel treatment strategies exploiting immune activation.
Integration von geflüchteten ukrainischen Kindern in der Primarschule: Eine qualitative Forschungsarbeit über den Unterstützungsbedarf der Lehrpersonen durch die Soziale Arbeit im Kanton Graubünden
Creators: name: Cadalbert, Flurina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Gemäss bestehender Fachliteratur gibt es zahlreiche Herausforderung für geflüchtete Kinder vor, während und besonders auch nach einer Flucht. Da der Grossteil der geflüchteten Kinder im Schulpflichtalter ist, sind besonders auch die Schulen des Aufnahmelandes und deren pädagogischen Fachkräfte im Zusammenhang mit der Integrationsarbeit stark gefordert. Durch den russischen Angriff auf die Ukraine am 24. Februar 2022 verschärften sich diese Herausforderungen durch die Ankunft einer grossen Anzahl geflüchteter Kinder aus der Ukraine für Schweizer Schulen erheblich (Der Bundesrat. Das Portal der Schweizer Regierung, 2022a). In dieser Arbeit wird aufgezeigt, welche Aufgaben die Schweizer Schulen bei der Integration von Kindern mit Fluchterfahrung haben und welche Herausforderungen sich für die Lehrpersonen ergeben. Insbesondere wird dargelegt, welche Besonderheiten es bei geflüchteten Kindern zu beachten gilt und wie damit seitens der Schule und den Lehrpersonen am besten umzugehen ist. Zudem wurde untersucht, ob die Herausforderungen für die Lehrpersonen sich durch den Ukrainekrieg und deren geflüchteten Kinder teilweise veränderten. Um die Auswirkungen auf die Integrationsarbeit der Schulen zu untersuchen, wurden qualitative Expert*inneninterviews mit Lehrpersonen aus der Sprachintegrationsklasse (SIK) sowie mit Schulsozialarbeiter*innen (SSA) im Kanton Graubünden durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es verschiedene Herausforderungen für die Lehrpersonen gibt, es jedoch durch die Ukrainekrise auch zu Chancen in der Integrationsarbeit gekommen ist.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Solid-state remobilisation, differentiation, textural modification and metasomatic upgrading of the Wilga Cu-Zn massive sulphide deposit
Creators: name: Tonkin, Geoffrey B. K. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Community HWRF users guide V3.6A
Creators: name: Holt, Christina
name: Bernardet, Ligia
name: Yablonsky, Richard
name: Brown, Timothy
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Earth System Research Laboratories, Global Systems Division
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical weather forecasting--United States--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
subject: Weather forecasting--United States--Mathematical models--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

description: The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) system for hurricane prediction (HWRF) is an operational model implemented at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) of the National Weather Service (NWS) to provide numerical guidance to the National Hurricane Center for the forecasting of tropical cyclones’ track, intensity, and structure. HWRF v3.6a and this Users’ Guide contain the capabilities of the operational 2014 implementation of HWRF
Introduction to the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz
Creators: name: van Tongeren, Stijn J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a pedagogical introduction to the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz, a method that allows us to describe the thermodynamics of integrable models whose spectrum is found via the (asymptotic) Bethe ansatz. We set the stage by deriving the Fermi-Dirac distribution and associated free energy of free electrons, and then in a similar though technically more complicated fashion treat the thermodynamics of integrable models, focusing on the one dimensional Bose gas with delta function interaction as a clean pedagogical example, secondly the XXX spin chain as an elementary (lattice) model with prototypical complicating features in the form of bound states, and finally the SU(2) chiral Gross-Neveu model as a field theory example. Throughout this discussion we emphasize the central role of particle and hole densities, whose relations determine the model under consideration. We then discuss tricks that allow us to use the same methods to describe the exact spectra of integrable field theories on a circle, in particular the chiral Gross-Neveu model. We moreover discuss the simplification of TBA equations to Y systems, including the transition back to integral equations given sufficient analyticity data, in simple examples.
description: introductory review article, v3, 46 pages, 9 figures, minor typographical changes to match published version
Exploring metallicity-dependent rates of Type Ia supernovae and their impact on galaxy formation
Creators: name: Gandhi, Pratik. J.
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Wheeler, Coral
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae play a critical role in stellar feedback and elemental enrichment in galaxies. Recent transient surveys like the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernova (ASAS-SN) and the Dark Energy Survey (DES) find that the specific Ia rate at z ~ 0 may be ~ 15-50 times higher in lower-mass galaxies than at Milky Way-mass. Independently, Milky Way observations show that the close-binary fraction of solar-type stars is higher at lower metallicity. Motivated by these observations, we use the FIRE-2 cosmological zoom-in simulations to explore the impact of varying Ia rate models, including metallicity dependence, on galaxies across a range of stellar masses: 10^7 Msun - 10^{11} Msun. First, we benchmark our simulated star-formation histories (SFHs) against observations. We show that assumed SFHs and stellar mass functions play a major role in determining the degree of tension between observations and metallicity-independent Ia rate models, and potentially cause ASAS-SN and DES observations to be much more consistent with each other than might naively appear. Models in which the Ia rate increases with decreasing metallicity (as ~ Z^{-0.5} to Z^{-1}) provide significantly better agreement with observations. Encouragingly, these increases in Ia rate (> 10 times in low-mass galaxies) do not significantly impact galaxy stellar masses and morphologies: effective radii, axis ratios, and v/sigma remain largely unaffected except for our most extreme rate models. We explore implications for both [Fe/H] and [alpha/Fe] enrichment: metallicity-dependent Ia rate models can improve agreement with observed stellar mass-metallicity relations in low-mass galaxies. Our results demonstrate that a wide range of metallicity-dependent Ia models are viable for galaxy formation and motivate future work in this area.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 2 appendix figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS
Experimentally simulating the dynamics of quantum light and matter at ultrastrong coupling
Creators: name: Langford, N. K.
name: Sagastizabal, R.
name: Kounalakis, M.
name: Dickel, C.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Luthi, F.
name: Thoen, D. J.
name: Endo, A.
name: DiCarlo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Rabi model describing the fundamental interaction between light and matter is a cornerstone of quantum physics. It predicts exotic phenomena like quantum phase transitions and ground-state entanglement in the ultrastrong-coupling (USC) regime, where coupling strengths are comparable to subsystem energies. Despite progress in many experimental platforms, the few experiments reaching USC have been limited to spectroscopy: demonstrating USC dynamics remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we employ a circuit QED chip with moderate coupling between a resonator and transmon qubit to realise accurate digital quantum simulation of USC dynamics. We advance the state of the art in solid-state digital quantum simulation by using up to 90 second-order Trotter steps and probing both subsystems in a combined Hilbert space dimension $\sim80$, demonstrating the Schrödinger-cat like entanglement and build-up of large photon numbers characteristic of deep USC. This work opens the door to exploring extreme USC regimes, quantum phase transitions and many-body effects in the Dicke model.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
Development of enzymatic flow injection analysis systems for the determination of phospholipid species in environmental samples
Creators: name: Amini, Nahid.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Soziokulturelle Animation in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie: Chancen und Herausforderungen für den Zugang zu einem neuen Handlungsfeld
Creators: name: Calivers, Daria
name: Sägesser, Saskia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit untersucht, ob und wenn ja inwiefern sich die Soziokulturelle Animation [SKA] mit ihren Zielen und Arbeitsprinzipien auch in einem behandelnden Setting, spezifisch im interdisziplinären Bereich von Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrien etablieren könnte. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Krankheit und Gesundheit biopsychosozialen Einflussfaktoren unterliegen, welche sowohl belastend wie schützend wirken. Der Einfluss des Sozialen legitimiert zudem den Einbezug der Sozialen Arbeit im Gesundheitswesen. Der psychische Gesundheitszustand von Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie die Überbelastung von Kliniken zeigt zudem die Notwendigkeit einer bedarfsgerechten präventiven und behandelnden Versorgungspraxis auf. Dabei zeigt sich, dass der SKA v.a. eine präventive Funktion zugeschrieben wird, deren Aktivitäten jedoch das Potenzial hätten auch auf Ebene der Behandlung wirksam zu sein. Ein Vergleich von Arbeitsprinzipien und Zielen der SKA zu denen von Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrien zeigt zudem Chancen und Herausforderungen auf, die sich für die SKA in diesem Rahmen z.B. hinsichtlich Aufgaben oder Kompetenzen ergeben könnten, was in der qualitativen Forschung mittels der Befragung von Expert*innen empirisch überprüft werden konnte und die theoretischen Erkenntnisse dabei mehrheitlich bestätigte. Als Haupterkenntnis der Forschung zeigt sich ein Bedarf für die SKA in Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrien, vorwiegend aber als Teil des Betreuungsteams und weniger als eigener Fachbereich. Da jedoch seitens der SKA spezifische Aufgaben sowie der Ausbau von partizipativen Angeboten erwünscht ist, zeigen sich v.a. finanzielle Hürden, welche einer derzeitigen Umsetzung dieses Bedarfs im Wege stehen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Observations of instability-driven nanojets
Creators: name: Sukarmadji, A. Ramada C.
name: Antolin, Patrick
name: McLaughlin, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of nanojets by Antolin et al. (2021) represents magnetic reconnection in a braided field, thus clearly identifying the reconnection-driven nanoflares. Due to their small scale (500 km in widths, 1500 km in lengths) and short timescales ($<$ 15 s), it is unclear how pervasive nanojets are in the solar corona. In this paper, we present IRIS and SDO observations of nanojets found in multiple coronal structures, namely in a coronal loop powered by a blowout jet, and in two other coronal loops with coronal rain. In agreement with previous findings, we observe that nanojets are accompanied by small nanoflare-like intensity bursts in the (E)UV, have velocities of 150-250 km s$^{-1}$ and occur transversely to the field line of origin, which is sometimes observed to split. However, we find a variety of nanojet directions in the plane transverse to the loop axis. These nanojets are found to have kinetic and thermal energies within the nanoflare range, and often occur in clusters. In the blowout jet case study, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) is directly identified as the reconnection driver. For the other two loops, we find that both, the KHI and the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) are likely to be the drivers. However, we find that the KHI and RTI are each more likely in one of the other two cases. These observations of nanojets in a variety of structures and environments support nanojets being a general result of reconnection, that are driven here by dynamic instabilities.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Pregnancy risk stratification using DESI-MS profiling of vaginal mucosa
Creators: name: Lewis, Holly Victoria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Preterm birth is the leading cause of childhood mortality. Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) remains poorly understood. Prevention strategies are limited by our inability to reliably predict women at risk and stratify depending on underlying aetiology. There is an established association between ascending vaginal infection and SPTB. More recently, highly diverse vaginal bacterial communities deplete of Lactobacillus species have been associated with SPTB. However, not all pregnant women with such community structures deliver preterm, highlighting the importance of individual host response. Medical swabs are routinely used for microbiological screening with culture-based techniques. However, these are time-consuming, have a narrow focus for specific microbes and provide no information regarding host response. We hypothesised that metabolic profiling of cervico-vaginal mucosa (CVM) may offer the ability to assess interactions between the vaginal microbiota and the pregnant host that are useful for prediction and stratification of SPTB risk. To address this hypothesis, we developed a technique using DESI-MS that enabled rapid acquisition of metabolic information directly from vaginal swabs. In Chapter 3, method optimisation is described and its capacity to detect variations in the CVM associated with physiological changes in the host (e.g. pregnancy) and disruptions in bacterial community compositions during pregnancy (e.g. bacterial vaginosis) are presented. The DESI-MS swab profiling approach was then used to characterise and compare CVM metabolic profiles associated with SPTB risk (Chapter 4). These results showed that the CVM metabolome associated with subsequent SPTB was highly variable, reflecting the heterogeneity of SPTB aetiology. In support of this, DESI-MS more effectively discriminated samples with differing severity of SPTB (early vs late) and phenotypes (SPTL and PPROM). In Chapter 5, DESI-MS profiling of CVM was shown to facilitate prediction of PPROM as well as enable its robust diagnosis. DESI-MS also had capacity to characterise microbial compositions following PPROM suggesting its potential to assist in directed treatment strategies based on underlying aetiology. This thesis highlights the predictive and therapeutic potential of DESI-MS in pregnancy.
A close encounter of the massive kind
Creators: name: Apellániz, J. Maíz
name: Sana, H.
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Bouquin, J. -B. Le
name: Gamen, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used (a) HST ACS imaging and STIS spectroscopy, (b) ground-based PIONIER/VLT long-baseline interferometry, and (c) ground-based spectroscopy from different instruments to study the orbit of the extreme multiple system HD 93 129 Aa,Ab, which is composed of (at least) two very massive stars in a long-period orbit with e>0.92 that will pass through periastron in 2017/2018. In several ways, the system is an eta Car precursor. Around the time of periastron passage the two very strong winds will collide and generate an outburst of non-thermal hard X-ray emission without precedent in an O+O binary since astronomers have been able to observe above Earth's atmosphere. A coordinated multiwavelength monitoring in the next two years will enable a breakthrough understanding of the wind interactions in such extreme close encounters. Furthermore, we have found evidence that HD 93 129 Aa may be a binary system itself. In that case, we could witness a three-body interaction that may yield a runaway star or a stellar collision close to or shortly after the periastron passage. Either of those outcomes would be unprecedented, as they are predicted to be low-frequency events in the Milky Way.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
SporTran: a code to estimate transport coefficients from the cepstral analysis of (multivariate) current time series
Creators: name: Ercole, Loris
name: Bertossa, Riccardo
name: Bisacchi, Sebastiano
name: Baroni, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SporTran is a Python utility designed to estimate generic transport coefficients in extended systems, based on the Green-Kubo theory of linear response and the recently introduced cepstral analysis of the current time series generated by molecular dynamics simulations. SporTran can be applied to univariate as well as multivariate time series. Cepstral analysis requires minimum discretion from the user, in that it weakly depends on two parameters, one of which is automatically estimated by a statistical model-selection criterion that univocally determine the resulting accuracy. In order to facilitate the optimal refinement of these parameters, SporTran features an easy-to-use graphical user interface. A command-line interface and a Python API, easy to embed in complex data-analysis workflows, are also provided.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Nucleation and growth of internal diesel injector deposits: the study of a reactive interface
Creators: name: Antonio, Emma
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The formation of deposits within diesel injectors leads to reduced engine performance, lower fuel economy and increased emissions. Internal diesel injector deposits, first identified in 2009, differ from other engine deposits as they form from hot fuel on hot engine surfaces. Despite the prevalence of these deposits, a mechanistic understanding of how they form, and specifically the role of iron in deposition, is poorly defined. This work aims to develop a mechanistic understanding of these systems to facilitate the development of fuel formulations which prevent deposition and therefore maintain optimal engine performance for the duration of the lifetime of a vehicle. A model system was formulated in collaboration with an industrial partner BP, to elucidate key parameters in deposition; hexadecane was used as a model diesel compound due to its chemical and physical properties. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry, the injector steel Fe-13Cr was characterised, over engine relevant temperatures (RT-400oC), to be predominantly iron-based. As the chemical state of the iron within the injector is undefined, three model iron surfaces, with differing chemistries, were used to reveal key factors in the deposition mechanism. Deposits were simulated by refluxing hexadecane with the model surfaces at 200oC and subsequently characterised using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The level of hexadecane oxidation in solution was analysed by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Compared to silicon surfaces, iron surfaces were found to promote oxidation and deposition of hexadecane. The iron surface chemistry was found to affect the amount and morphology of deposition, with the interplay between oxidation and solubility determining deposition levels. Comparisons between the various surface chemistries of iron demonstrate that i) iron surfaces promote the degradation of hexadecane, ii) regardless of the original surface chemistry, an iron (III) oxide (and/or hydroxide) surface is formed and iii) further fuel degradation can occur with this surface when the system is cooled to room temperature. A rig and cell were developed to facilitate in situ measurements of the transitions occurring at the iron surface. Grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption fine structure were used to investigate the structural and chemical transitions of iron; these findings further support the formation of an iron oxide hydroxide.
An Integrability Primer for the Gauge-Gravity Correspondence: an Introduction
Creators: name: Bombardelli, Diego
name: Cagnazzo, Alessandra
name: Frassek, Rouven
name: Levkovich-Maslyuk, Fedor
name: Loebbert, Florian
name: Negro, Stefano
name: Szécsényi, Istvan M.
name: Sfondrini, Alessandro
name: van Tongeren, Stijn J.
name: Torrielli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a series of articles reviewing various aspects of integrable models relevant to the AdS/CFT correspondence. Topics covered in these reviews are: classical integrability, Yangian symmetry, factorized scattering, the Bethe ansatz, the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz, and integrable structures in (conformal) quantum field theory. In the present article we highlight how these concepts have found application in AdS/CFT, and provide a brief overview of the material contained in this series.
description: v2, published version
A mechanistic study of bisulfite addition to acrylonitrile and other conjugated alkenes in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Knowles, Gregory Paul.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Flow-based sampling in the lattice Schwinger model at criticality
Creators: name: Albergo, Michael S.
name: Boyda, Denis
name: Cranmer, Kyle
name: Hackett, Daniel C.
name: Kanwar, Gurtej
name: Racanière, Sébastien
name: Rezende, Danilo J.
name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Shanahan, Phiala E.
name: Urban, Julian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent results suggest that flow-based algorithms may provide efficient sampling of field distributions for lattice field theory applications, such as studies of quantum chromodynamics and the Schwinger model. In this work, we provide a numerical demonstration of robust flow-based sampling in the Schwinger model at the critical value of the fermion mass. In contrast, at the same parameters, conventional methods fail to sample all parts of configuration space, leading to severely underestimated uncertainties.
description: 5 pages main text, 3 pages supplementary material. 4 figures