cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog
Creators: name: Kim, Suk
name: Rey, Soo-Chang
name: Jerjen, Helmut
name: Lisker, Thorsten
name: Sung, Eon-Chang
name: Lee, Youngdae
name: Chung, Jiwon
name: Pak, Mina
name: Yi, Wonhyeong
name: Lee, Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new catalog of galaxies in the wider region of the Virgo cluster, based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. The Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog (EVCC) covers an area of 725 deg^2 or 60.1 Mpc^2. It is 5.2 times larger than the footprint of the classical Virgo Cluster Catalog (VCC) and reaches out to 3.5 times the virial radius of the Virgo cluster. We selected 1324 spectroscopically targeted galaxies with radial velocities less than 3000 kms^-1. In addition, 265 galaxies that have been missed in the SDSS spectroscopic survey but have available redshifts in the NASA Extragalactic Database are also included. Our selection process secured a total of 1589 galaxies of which 676 galaxies are not included in the VCC. The certain and possible cluster members are defined by means of redshift comparison with a cluster infall model. We employed two independent and complementary galaxy classification schemes: the traditional morphological classification based on the visual inspection of optical images and a characterization of galaxies from their spectroscopic features. SDSS u, g, r, i, and z passband photometry of all EVCC galaxies was performed using Source Extractor. We compare the EVCC galaxies with the VCC in terms of morphology, spatial distribution, and luminosity function. The EVCC defines a comprehensive galaxy sample covering a wider range in galaxy density that is significantly different from the inner region of the Virgo cluster. It will be the foundation for forthcoming galaxy evolution studies in the extended Virgo cluster region, complementing ongoing and planned Virgo cluster surveys at various wavelengths.
description: 69 pages, 29 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in the ApJS
Properties of Flare-Imminent versus Flare-Quiet Active Regions from the Chromosphere through the Corona II: NonParametric Discriminant Analysis Results from the NWRA Classification Infrastructure (NCI)
Creators: name: Leka, KD
name: Dissauer, Karin
name: Barnes, Graham
name: Wagner, Eric L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large sample of active-region-targeted time-series images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory / Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, the AIA Active Region Patch database ("AARPs", Paper I: Dissauer et al 2022) is used to investigate whether parameters describing the coronal, transition region, and chromospheric emission can differentiate a region that will imminently produce a solar flare from one that will not. Parametrizations based on moment analysis of direct and running-difference images provide for physically-interpretable results from nonparametric discriminant analysis. Across four event definitions including both 24hr and 6hr validity periods, 160 image-based parameters capture the general state of the atmosphere, rapid brightness changes, and longer-term intensity evolution. We find top Brier Skill Scores in the 0.07--0.33 range, True Skill Statistics in the 0.68--0.82 range (both depending on event definition), and Receiver Operating Characteristic Skill Scores above 0.8. Total emission can perform notably as can steeply increasing or decreasing brightness, although mean brightness measures do not, demonstrating the well-known active-region-size/flare-productivity relation. Once a region is flare productive, the active-region coronal plasma appears to stay hot. The 94AA filter data provides the most parameters with discriminating power, with indications that it benefits from sampling multiple physical regimes. In particular, classification success using higher-order moments of running difference images indicate a propensity for flare-imminent regions to display short-lived small-scale brightening events. Parameters describing the evolution of the corona can provide flare-imminent indicators, but at no preference over "static" parameters. Finally, all parameters and NPDA-derived probabilities are available to the community for additional research.
description: Astrophysical Journal, in press
Species denisity curve for justifying the number of samples collected for the study from Environmental correlates of temporal variation in the prey species of Australian fur seals inferred from scat analysis
Creators: name: Kliska, Kimberley
name: McIntosh, Rebecca R.
name: Jonsen, Ian
name: Hume, Fiona
name: Dann, Peter
name: Kirkwood, Roger
name: Harcourt, Robert
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure 1. Species Density Curve for Australian Fur Seal scat sampling at Seal Rocks, Victoria, Australia.
Modelling MHD accretion-ejection - from the launching area to propagation scales
Creators: name: Stepanovs, Deniss
name: Fendt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations investigating the launching of jets and outflows from a magnetically diffusive accretion disk. The time evolution of the disk structure is self-consistently taken into account. In contrast to previous works we have applied {\em spherical} coordinates for the numerical grid, implying substantial benefits concerning the numerical resolution and the stability of the simulation. Thanks to the new setup we were able to run simulations for more than 150,000 dynamical times on a domain extending 1500 inner disk radii with a resolution of up to 24 cells per disk height in the inner disk. Depending on the disk magnetization, jet launching occurs in two different but complementary regimes - jets driven predominantly by centrifugal or magnetic forces. These regimes differ in the ejection efficiency concerning mass, energy and angular momentum. We show that it is the {\em actual} disk magnetization and not so much the initial magnetization which describes the disk-jet evolution best. Considering the actual disk magnetization we also find that simulations starting with different initial magnetization evolve in a similar - typical - way as due to advection and diffusion the magnetic flux in the disk evolves in time. Exploring a new, modified diffusivity model we confirm the self-similar structure of the global jet-launching disk, obtaining power laws for the radial profiles of the disk physical variables such as density, magnetic field strength, or accretion velocity.
description: 22 pages, 25 figures; submitted to ApJ, revised; suggestions welcome
Spin-polarized dynamic transport in tubular two-dimensional electron gases
Creators: name: Rothstein, E. A.
name: Horovitz, B.
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Aharony, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ac conductance of a finite tubular two-dimensional electron gas is studied in the presence of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. When the tube is coupled to two reservoirs, that interaction splits the steps in the dc current, introducing energy ranges with spin-polarized currents. For this setup, we calculate the current-current correlations (the noise spectrum) and show that the existence of these dc spin-polarized currents can be deduced from the shot noise. We also find that the Wigner-Smith time delay is almost unaffected by the spin-orbit interaction. When the tube is coupled to a single reservoir, we calculate the quantum capacitance and the charge-relaxation resistance, and find that they exhibit singularities near the openings of new channels.
description: 14 pages,10 figures
A Multiple Dry Merger at z=0.18: Witnessing The Assembly of a Massive Elliptical Galaxy
Creators: name: Filho, M. E.
name: Brochado, P.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Lobo, C.
name: Henriques, B.
name: Grutzbauch, R.
name: Gomes, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers of gas-poor galaxies, so-called dry mergers, may play a fundamental role in the assembly of the most massive galaxies, and therefore, in galaxy formation theories. Using the SDSS, we have serendipitously discovered a rare system in the observational and theoretical context, possibly a quintuple dry merger at low redshift. As a follow-up, we have obtained NOT long-slit spectra of the group, in order to measure the individual redshifts and gain insight into its merger fate. Our results show an isolated, low-redshift galaxy group consisting of massive, quiescent, early-type galaxies, composed of two clumps (possibly themselves in the process of merging), which we estimate will hypothetically merge in roughly less than a Gyr. With the possible exception of the high line-of-sight velocity dispersion, the overall properties of the system may be comparable to a compact Shakhbazyan group. However, when the small projected separations and relative mass ratios of the galaxies are taken into account in cosmological simulations, we find that this system is rather unique. We hypothesize that this group is a dry merger, whose fate will result in the assembly of an isolated, massive elliptical galaxy at low redshift.
description: 12 pages
Energy Dissipation in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Coherent Structures or "Nanoflares"?
Creators: name: Zhdankin, Vladimir
name: Boldyrev, Stanislav
name: Perez, Jean Carlos
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the intermittency of energy dissipation in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence by identifying dissipative structures and measuring their characteristic scales. We find that the probability distribution of energy dissipation rates exhibits a power law tail with index very close to the critical value of -2.0, which indicates that structures of all intensities contribute equally to energy dissipation. We find that energy dissipation is uniformly spread among coherent structures with lengths and widths in the inertial range. At the same time, these structures have thicknesses deep within the dissipative regime. As the Reynolds number is increased, structures become thinner and more numerous, while the energy dissipation continues to occur mainly in large-scale coherent structures. This implies that in the limit of high Reynolds number, energy dissipation occurs in thin, tightly packed current sheets which nevertheless span a continuum of scales up to the system size, exhibiting features of both coherent structures and nanoflares previously conjectured as a coronal heating mechanism.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal. 12 pages, 10 figures
Supplementary materials for showing correlation between main prey species from Environmental correlates of temporal variation in the prey species of Australian fur seals inferred from scat analysis
Creators: name: Kliska, Kimberley
name: McIntosh, Rebecca R.
name: Jonsen, Ian
name: Hume, Fiona
name: Dann, Peter
name: Kirkwood, Roger
name: Harcourt, Robert
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary material Figure 3 CorrelationsPlotMainSpecies.pdf
Phase-Field Modeling of Solidification in Light-Metal Matrix Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Pusztai, Tamás
name: Rátkai, László
name: Szállás, Attila
name: Gránásy, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantitative phase-field approach has been adapted to model solidification in the presence of Metal Matrix Nanocomposites (MMNCs) in a single-component liquid. Nanoparticles of fixed size and shape are represented by additional fields. The corresponding equations of motion are assumed to ensure relaxation dynamics, and can be supplemented by random forces (realizing Brownian motion) or external fields. The nanoparticles are characterized by two model parameters: their mobility and the contact angle they realize with the solid-liquid interface. We investigate the question how grain size distribution can be influenced by heterogeneous nucleation on the nanoparticles and by the front-particle interaction. We explore, furthermore, how materials and process parameters, such as temperature, density and size/shape distribution of the nanoparticles, influence microstructure evolution.
description: in Magnesium Technology 2014, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA
KINISOT
Creators: name: Rzepa, Henry
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Calculation of harmonic isotope effects based on the normal vibrational wavenumbers of Reactant and an isotopomer, and transition state and the equivalent isotopomer. Original version: H S Rzepa 1975, Austin Texas. Literature references: doi: 10.1021/ja00493a008 and doi: 10.1021/ja00486a013 (1978). Formatting and I/O changes: H S Rzepa, 1980, Imperial College. Comments: H S Rzepa, July, 2015, Imperial College.
Additional file 1 of Modified base-binding EVE and DCD domains: striking diversity of genomic contexts in prokaryotes and predicted involvement in a variety of cellular processes
Creators: name: Bell, Ryan T.
name: Wolf, Yuri I.
name: Koonin, Eugene V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Phylogenetic distribution of prokaryotic EVE proteins. Supplementary Figure 2. Conserved genomic context of EVE proteins in Vibrionales. Supplementary Figure 3. Conserved genomic context of EVE proteins in Alteromonadales. Supplementary Figure 4. Conserved genomic context of EVE proteins in Pasteurellales. Supplementary Figure 5. Schematic phylogenetic tree of EVE domain cluster representatives. Supplementary Figure 6. Conserved genomic context of EVE proteins in Nocardia and related genera that are found in a distinct CLANS analysis cluster (green in Fig. 2) . Supplementary Figure 7. Conserved genomic context of EVE proteins in Azospirillum that are found in a distinct CLANS analysis cluster (green in Fig. 2). Supplementary Figure 8. COG1743->DUF499->SWI2/SNF2 helicase-nuclease->EVE defense systems in archaea. Supplementary Figure 9. Alignment of EVE and DCD domain representatives. Supplementary Figure 10. Hypothesis for the evolution of the RdRP complex eTudor proteins in C. elegans. Supplementary Figure 11. Alignment of the eTudor domain from Drosophila SND1 (Tudor-SN) with eTudor domains in choanoflagellates that are fused to DCD domains.
Population trapping in bound states during IR-assisted ultra-fast photoionization of Ne$^+$
Creators: name: van der Hart, H. W.
name: Morgan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated photoionization of Ne$^+$ in the combined field of a short infra-red laser pulse and a delayed ultra-short pulse of the infra-red laser's 23$^r$$^d$ harmonic. We observe an ionization yield compatible with a picture in which one electron gets excited into Rydberg states by the harmonic laser field and is subsequently removed by the infra-red laser field. Modulations are seen in the ionization yield as a function of time delay. These modulations originate from the trapping of population in low members of the Rydberg series with different states being populated at different ranges of delay times. The calculations further demonstrate that single-threshold calculations cannot reproduce the Ne$^+$ photoionization yields obtained in multi-threshold calculations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Nienove [Ninove] 1626, in: Het Land van Aalst, 2019 (1)
Creators: name: Vande Winkel, Georges
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430399
subject: Historical studies not elsewhere classified

description: City map of Ninove, made by land surveyor Philips de Dijn in 1626.
Nienove [Ninove] 1626, in: Het Land van Aalst, 2019 (1).pdf
Creators: name: Vande Winkel, Georges
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430399
subject: Historical studies not elsewhere classified

description: City map of Ninove, made by land surveyor Philips de Dijn in 1626.
Prospect for UV observations from the Moon
Creators: name: Safonova, Margarita
name: Mathew, Joice
name: Mohan, Rekhesh
name: Sreejith, A. G.
name: Murthy, Jayant
name: Brosch, Noah
name: Kappelmann, Norbert
name: Sharma, Arpit
name: Narayan, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space astronomy in the last 40 years has largely been done from spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) for which the technology is proven and delivery mechanisms are readily available. However, new opportunities are arising with the surge in commercial aerospace missions. We describe here one such possibility: deploying a small instrument on the Moon. This can be accomplished by flying onboard the Indian entry to the Google Lunar X PRIZE competition, Team Indus mission, which is expected to deliver a nearly 30 kgs of payloads to the Moon, with a rover as its primary payload. We propose to mount a wide-field far-UV (130--180 nm) imaging telescope as a payload on the Team Indus lander. Our baseline operation is a fixed zenith pointing but with the option of a mechanism to allow observations of different attitudes. Pointing towards intermediate ecliptic latitude (50 deg or above) ensures that the Sun is at least 40 deg off the line of sight at all times. In this position, the telescope can cover higher galactic latitudes as well as parts of Galactic plane. The scientific objectives of such a prospective are delineated and discussed.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
GlobULeS-IV. UVIT/AstroSat detection of extremely low mass white dwarf companions to blue straggler stars in NGC 362
Creators: name: Dattatrey, Arvind K.
name: Yadav, R. K. S.
name: Rani, Sharmila
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Singh, Gaurav
name: Sahu, Snehalata
name: Singh, Ravi S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of extremely low-mass white dwarfs (ELM WDs) as a companion of blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 362 using images from AstroSats Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT). Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) for 26 FUV bright member BSSs are created using data from the UVIT, UVOT, Gaia EDR3, and the 2.2 m ESO/MPI telescope. A single SED is fitted to 14 BSSs, whereas double-SED fits revealed ELM WDs as binary companions in 12 of the 26 BSSs studied. The effective temperature, radius, luminosity and mass of the 12 ELM WDs are found to have a range (Teff = 9750-18000 K, R = 0.1-0.4 Rsun, L = 0.4-3.3 Lsun, and M =0.16-0.20 Msun). These suggest that 12 BSSs are post-mass-transfer systems formed through Case A/B mass transfer pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first finding of ELM WDs as companions to BSS in globular clusters. This cluster is known to have a binary BSS sequence and the 12 binary and 14 single BSSs (as classified by the SEDs) follow the mass transfer and collisional sequence of BSS in the colour-magnitude diagram. The cooling ages of 9 of the ELM WDs are found to be younger than 500 Myr. Though the binary BSSs may have formed during the core-collapse (approx 200 Myr) or as part of the dynamical evolution of the cluster, they provide new insights on the dynamics of this cluster.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Long-Range Complex in the HC3N + CN Potential Energy Surface: Ab Initio Calculations and Intermolecular Potential
Creators: name: de Aragão, Emília Valença Ferreira
name: Mancini, Luca
name: Faginas-Lago, Noelia
name: Rosi, Marzio
name: Balucani, Nadia
name: Pirani, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we characterize an initial van der Waals adduct in the potential energy surface of reaction between cyanoacetylene HC3N and the cyano radical. The geometry of the CN-HC3N adduct has been optimized through calculations employing ab initio methods. Results show that the energy of the adduct lays below the reactants. Additionally, a saddle point that connects the adduct to an important intermediate of the PES has been localized, with energy below the reactants. Calculations of the intermolecular potential have been performed and results show that the energy of the van der Waals adduct is higher than estimated with the ab initio methods.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Preprint version submitted to LNCS (Springer) ICCSA2021
Load Hiding of Household's Power Demand
Creators: name: Egarter, Dominik
name: Prokop, Christoph
name: Elmenreich, Wilfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the development and introduction of smart metering, the energy information for costumers will change from infrequent manual meter readings to fine-grained energy consumption data. On the one hand these fine-grained measurements will lead to an improvement in costumers' energy habits, but on the other hand the fined-grained data produces information about a household and also households' inhabitants, which are the basis for many future privacy issues. To ensure household privacy and smart meter information owned by the household inhabitants, load hiding techniques were introduced to obfuscate the load demand visible at the household energy meter. In this work, a state-of-the-art battery-based load hiding (BLH) technique, which uses a controllable battery to disguise the power consumption and a novel load hiding technique called load-based load hiding (LLH) are presented. An LLH system uses an controllable household appliance to obfuscate the household's power demand. We evaluate and compare both load hiding techniques on real household data and show that both techniques can strengthen household privacy but only LLH can increase appliance level privacy.
Radio jet-ISM interaction and positive radio-mechanical feedback in Abell 1795
Creators: name: Tamhane, Prathamesh D.
name: McNamara, Brian R.
name: Russell, Helen R.
name: Combes, Francoise
name: Qiu, Yu
name: Edge, Alastair C.
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Nulsen, Paul E. J.
name: Johnstone, R.
name: Carniani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XSHOOTER observations with previous ALMA, MUSE and $HST$ observations to study the nature of radio-jet triggered star formation and the interaction of radio jets with the interstellar medium in the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the Abell 1795 cluster. Using $HST$ UV data we determined an ongoing star formation rate of 9.3 M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. The star formation follows the global Kennicutt-Schmidt law, however, it has a low efficiency compared to circumnuclear starbursts in nearby galaxies with an average depletion time of $\sim$1 Gyr. The star formation and molecular gas are offset by $\sim1$ kpc indicating that stars have decoupled from the gas. We detected an arc of high linewidth in ionized gas where electron densities are elevated by a factor of $\sim$4 suggesting a shock front driven by radio jets or peculiar motion of the BCG. An analysis of nebular emission line flux ratios suggests that the gas is predominantly ionized by star formation with a small contribution from shocks. We also calculated the velocity structure function (VSF) of the ionized and molecular gases using velocity maps to characterize turbulent motion in the gas. The ionized gas VSF suggests that the radio jets are driving supersonic turbulence in the gas. Thus radio jets can not only heat the atmosphere on large scales and may quench star formation on longer timescales while triggering star formation in positive feedback on short timescales of a few million years.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 22 pages, 13 figures 1 table
Additional file 1 of Koala retrovirus diversity, transmissibility, and disease associations
Creators: name: HaoQiang Zheng
name: Pan, Yi
name: Shaohua Tang
name: Pye, Geoffrey W.
name: Stadler, Cynthia K.
name: Vogelnest, Larry
name: Herrin, Kimberly Vinette
name: Rideout, Bruce A.
name: Switzer, William M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Additional table and figure.
Debiased machine learning for estimating the causal effect of urban traffic on pedestrian crossing behaviour
Creators: name: Kamal, Kimia
name: Farooq, Bilal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Before the transition of AVs to urban roads and subsequently unprecedented changes in traffic conditions, evaluation of transportation policies and futuristic road design related to pedestrian crossing behavior is of vital importance. Recent studies analyzed the non-causal impact of various variables on pedestrian waiting time in the presence of AVs. However, we mainly investigate the causal effect of traffic density on pedestrian waiting time. We develop a Double/Debiased Machine Learning (DML) model in which the impact of confounders variable influencing both a policy and an outcome of interest is addressed, resulting in unbiased policy evaluation. Furthermore, we try to analyze the effect of traffic density by developing a copula-based joint model of two main components of pedestrian crossing behavior, pedestrian stress level and waiting time. The copula approach has been widely used in the literature, for addressing self-selection problems, which can be classified as a causality analysis in travel behavior modeling. The results obtained from copula approach and DML are compared based on the effect of traffic density. In DML model structure, the standard error term of density parameter is lower than copula approach and the confidence interval is considerably more reliable. In addition, despite the similar sign of effect, the copula approach estimates the effect of traffic density lower than DML, due to the spurious effect of confounders. In short, the DML model structure can flexibly adjust the impact of confounders by using machine learning algorithms and is more reliable for planning future policies.
Fundamental phenomena of quantum mechanics explored with neutron interferometers
Creators: name: Klepp, J.
name: Sponar, S.
name: Hasegawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ongoing fascination with quantum mechanics keeps driving the development of the wide field of quantum-optics, including its neutron-optics branch. Application of neutron-optical methods and, especially, neutron interferometry and polarimetry has a long-standing tradition for experimental investigations of fundamental quantum phenomena. We give an overview of related experimental efforts made in recent years.
description: Review article, 63 pages, to be published in Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. (2014), some figures replaced
Exploring a novel class of Janus MXenes by first principles calculations: structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Sc2CXT, X=O, F, OH; T=C, S, N
Creators: name: Özcan, Sibel
name: Biel, Blanca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The already intriguing electronic and optical properties of the MXene Sc2C family can be further tuned through a wide range of possible functionalizations. Here, by means of Density Functional Theory, we show that the 36 possible elements of the Janus MXT (M:Sc2C, X:O, F, OH, T:C, N, S) family, built by considering the four possible structural models (i) FCC, (ii) HCP , (iii) FCC + HCP, and (iv) HCP + FCC, are all potentially stable. The analysis of their mechanical properties shows the excellent mechanical flexibility of functionalized MXenes (f-MXenes) under large strain, making them more suitable for applications where stress could be an issue. Interestingly, while Sc2C presents a metallic character, Sc2COS, Sc2CFN and Sc2COHN are found to be semiconductors with bandgaps of 2.5 eV (indirect), 1.67 eV (indirect) and 1.1 eV (direct), respectively, which presents promising applications for nano- and optoelectronics. Moreover, Sc2CFC presents a ferromagnetic ground state with the 2x2x1 supercell magnetic moment of 3.99 muB, while the ground state of Sc2COHC might be antiferromagnetic with a magnetic moment of 3.98 muB, depending on the environment. Remarkably, the band structures of Sc2CFC and Sc2COHC present a half-metallic character with an HSE06 fundamental band gap of 0.60 eV and 0.48 eV, respectively. Our results confirm the extraordinary potential of the Janus MXT (M:Sc2C, X:O, F, OH, T:C, N, S) family for novel applications in 2D nano-,opto- and spintronics.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Time-Distance Helioseismology of Two Realistic Sunspot Simulations
Creators: name: DeGrave, K.
name: Jackiewicz, J.
name: Rempel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear time-distance helioseismic inversions are carried out using several filtering schemes to determine vector flow velocities within two $\sim100^2\,{\rm Mm^2}\times 20\,{\rm Mm}$ realistic magnetohydrodynamic sunspot simulations of 25~hr. One simulation domain contains a model of a full sunspot (i.e. one with both an umbra and penumbra), while the other contains a pore (i.e. a spot without a penumbra). The goal is to test current helioseismic methods using these state-of-the-art simulations of magnetic structures. We find that horizontal flow correlations between inversion and simulation flow maps are reasonably high ($\sim0.5$--0.8) in the upper 3~Mm at distances exceeding 25--30~Mm from spot center, but are substantially lower at smaller distances and larger depths. Inversions of forward-modeled travel times consistently outperform those of our measured travel times in terms of horizontal flow correlations, suggesting that our inability to recover flow structure near these active regions is largely due to the fact that we are unable to accurately measure travel times near strong magnetic features. In many cases the velocity amplitudes from the inversions underestimate those of the simulations by up to 50\%, possibly indicating nonlinearity of the forward problem. In every case, we find that our inversions are unable to recover the vertical flow structure of the simulations at any depth.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new small molecules with anti-inflammatory activity
Creators: name: Bruno, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CHIM/08 CHIMICA FARMACEUTICA
subject: 5-lipoxygenase
subject: Anti-inflamatory activity
subject: Drugs synthesis

description: Per lipossigenasi (nota più comunemente con l'abbreviazione di LOX o LO) si intende una famiglia eterogenea di enzimi in grado di perossidare i lipidi e di causare l'ossigenazione di acidi grassi polinsaturi trasformandoli, così, nei corrispettivi derivati idroperossidici. Nello specifico, la 5-LO rappresenta l'enzima chiave nell'ossidazione dell'acido arachidonico (AA) in LTA4, intermedio indispensabile per la sintesi dei leucotrieni, potenti mediatori flogistici coinvolti in una serie di differenti processi patologici. Va da sé che l'inibizione, dell'attività di tale enzima, induce la diretta riduzione di LT, definendo la LOX come valido drug-target per la farmacoterapia di disturbi infiammatori quali asma, rinite allergica, aterosclerosi e alcune forme neoplastiche. [a cura dell'autore]
Onset of the Limit Cycle and Universal Three-Body Parameter in Efimov Physics
Creators: name: Horinouchi, Yusuke
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Efimov effect is the only experimentally realized universal phenomenon that exhibits the renormalization-group limit cycle with the three-body parameter parametrizing a family of universality classes. Recent experiments in ultracold atoms have unexpectedly revealed that the three-body parameter itself is universal when measured in units of an effective range. By performing an exact functional renormalization-group analysis with various finite-range interaction potentials, we demonstrate that the onset of the renormalization-group flow into the limit cycle is universal, regardless of short-range details, which connects the missing link between the two universalities of the Efimov physics. A close connection between the topological property of the limit cycle and few-body physics is also delineated.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Reactive attachment disorder symptoms and prosocial behavior in middle childhood: the role of Secure Base Script knowledge
Creators: name: Cuyvers, Bien
name: Vervoort, Eleonora
name: Bosmans, Guy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. a. Mediation effect of SBS knowledge in the link between RAD symptoms and prosocial behavior reported by primary caregiver, controlled for gender, age and perceptual intelligence. b. Mediation effect of SBS knowledge in the link between RAD symptoms and prosocial behavior reported by teacher, controlled for gender, age and perceptual intelligence. c. Mediation effect of SBS knowledge in the link between RAD symptoms and prosocial behavior as a mean standardized score of both primary caregiver and teacher reports (compound score), controlled for gender, age and perceptual intelligence.
Data Statement from Coupling cell proliferation rates to the duration of recruitment controls final size of the Drosophila wing
Creators: name: Diaz-Torres, Elizabeth
name: Muñoz-Nava, Luis Manuel
name: Nahmad, Marcos
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: All the codes and data necessary for the simulations are stored in the link below. https://github.com/mnahmadb/Interplay-between-cell-proliferation-and- recruitment-controls-the-duration-of-growth-and-final-size-.git
POSTER: Privacy-preserving Indoor Localization
Creators: name: Ziegeldorf, Jan Henrik
name: Viol, Nicolai
name: Henze, Martin
name: Wehrle, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Upcoming WiFi-based localization systems for indoor environments face a conflict of privacy interests: Server-side localization violates location privacy of the users, while localization on the user's device forces the localization provider to disclose the details of the system, e.g., sophisticated classification models. We show how Secure Two-Party Computation can be used to reconcile privacy interests in a state-of-the-art localization system. Our approach provides strong privacy guarantees for all involved parties, while achieving room-level localization accuracy at reasonable overheads.
description: Poster Session of the 7th ACM Conference on Security & Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks (WiSec'14)
Solar flare hard X-rays from the anchor points of an eruptive filament
Creators: name: Stiefel, Muriel Zoë
name: Battaglia, Andrea Francesco
name: Barczynski, Krzysztof
name: Collier, Hannah
name: Volpara, Anna
name: Massa, Paolo
name: Schwanitz, Conrad
name: Tynelius, Sofia
name: Harra, Louise
name: Krucker, Säm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. We present an analysis of a GOES M1.8 flare with excellent observational coverage in UV, EUV, and X-ray, including observations from the instruments IRIS, SDO with AIA, Hinode/EIS, Hinode/XRT, and Solar Orbiter with the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX). Hard X-ray emission is often observed at the footpoints of flare loops and is occasionally observed in the corona. In this flare, four nonthermal hard X-ray sources are seen. Aim. Our aim is to understand why we can observe four individual nonthermal sources in this flare and how we can characterize the physical properties of these four sources. Methods. We used the multiwavelength approach to analyze the flare and characterize the four sources. To do this, we combined imaging at different wavelengths and spectroscopic fitting in the EUV and X-ray range. Results. The flare is eruptive with an associated coronal mass ejection, and it shows the classical flare picture of a heated flare loop seen in EUV and X-rays, and two nonthermal hard X-ray footpoints at the loop ends. In addition to the main flare sources, we observed two outer sources in the UV, EUV, and nonthermal X-ray range located away from the main flare loop to the east and west. The two outer sources are clearly correlated in time, and they are only seen during the first two minutes of the impulsive phase, which lasts a total of about four minutes. Conclusions. Based on the analysis, we determine that the outer sources are the anchor points of an erupting filament. The hard X-ray emission is interpreted as flare-accelerated electrons that are injected upward into the filament and then precipitate along the filament toward the chromosphere, producing Bremsstrahlung. While sources like this have been speculated to exist, this is the first report of their detection.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Structural stability and thermodynamics of CrN magnetic phases from ab initio and experiment
Creators: name: Zhou, Liangcai
name: Holec, David
name: Bartosik, Matthias
name: Körmann, Fritz
name: Grabowski, Blazej
name: Neugebauer, Jörg
name: Mayrhofer, Paul H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical and thermodynamic phase stabilities of the stoichiometric compound CrN including different structural and magnetic configurations are comprehensively investigated using a first-principles density-functional-theory (DFT) plus U approach in conjunction with experimental measurements of the thermal expansion. Comparing DFT and DFT+U results with experimental data reveals that the treatment of electron correlations using methods beyond standard DFT is crucial. The non-magnetic face-centered cubic B1-CrN phase is both, elastically and dynamically unstable, even under high pressure, while CrN phases with non-zero local magnetic moments are predicted to be dynamically stable within the framework of the DFT+U scheme. Furthermore, the impact of different treatments for the exchange-correlation (xc)-functional is investigated by carrying out all computations employing the local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation. To address finite-temperature properties, both, magnetic and vibrational contributions to the free energy have been computed employing our recently developed spin-space averaging method. The calculated phase transition temperature between low-temperature antiferromagnetic and high-temperature paramagnetic (PM) CrN variants is in excellent agreement with experimental values and reveals the strong impact of the choice of the xc-functional. The temperature-dependent linear thermal expansion coefficient of CrN is experimentally determined by the wafer curvature method from a reactive magnetron sputter deposited single-phase B1-CrN thin film with dense film morphology. A good agreement is found between experimental and ab initio calculated linear thermal expansion coefficients of PM B1-CrN. Other thermodynamic properties, such as the specific heat capacity, have been computed as well and compared to previous experimental data.
description: 10 figures
In Search of Eden
Creators: name: Hillege, Marjolein
Publisher: name: SPOOL
Year: 2021

description: The Barranco de Tremps is one of many valleys in the vast hills of the region of Aragón, in the northeast of Spain. A barranco is a natural watercourse created by excessive rainfall, visible only as a dry river bed in summer. Such watercourses and riverbeds are no longer present in this valley. Today, the valley is full of olive and almond orchards surrounded by pine forests. Summers are increasingly hot and without rain. Since the advent of the tractor in the late 1980s, the soil is ploughed more often and more deeply, and there is little soil life left. During the winter months, wind and rain erode the bare soil, which absorbs almost no rainwater. The water retaining old stone walls have been breached by new wider tractor access paths, through which rainwater also washes away. Eight hectares of orchards and forest in this valley are owned and cared for by a landscape architect and her partner. A longing to work closer to nature and a desire to transform a semi-arid area into a rich and biodiverse landscape brought them to this spot. They are exploring old and new horticulture techniques to enrich the terrain with diverse planting, to improve soil quality and increase its ability to hold water. Some of these experiments fail, some succeed. In this in-situ laboratory, all experiences contribute to the knowledge of the relationships between soil, vegetation, land use, cultivation, and water cycles. This visual report gives an impression of the terrain, shows the various experiments of the past two years and the gradual development of spatial principles for design and management.
description: SPOOL, Vol. 8 No. 3: Landscape Metropolis #8
Spontaneous Parity-Time Symmetry Breaking in Moving Media
Creators: name: Silveirinha, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical instabilities in moving media are linked to a spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking of the system. It is shown that in general the time evolution of the electromagnetic waves in moving media is determined by a non-Hermitian parity-time symmetric operator. For lossless systems the frequency spectrum of the time evolution operator may be complex valued, and has a mirror symmetry with respect to the real-frequency axis. The possibility of optical amplification of a light pulse in the broken parity-time symmetry regime is demonstrated.
description: 38 pages
Additional file 1 of hPMSCs protects against d-galactose-induced oxidative damage of CD4+ T cells through activating Akt-mediated Nrf2 antioxidant signaling
Creators: name: Yanlian Xiong
name: Yueming Wang
name: Jiashen Zhang
name: Nannan Zhao
name: Hengchao Zhang
name: Aiping Zhang
name: Dongmei Zhao
name: Zhenhai Yu
name: Yancun Yin
name: Song, Lele
name: Yanlei Xiong
name: Xiying Luan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Sequences used for RT-qPCR.
Visualisation of sulphur on single fibre level for pulping industry
Creators: name: Norlin, Börje
name: An, Siwen
name: Granfeldt, Thomas
name: Krapohl, David
name: Lai, Barry
name: Rahman, Hafizur
name: Zeeshan, Faisal
name: Engstrand, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the pulp and paper industry, about 5 Mt/y chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) are produced globally from softwood chips for production of carton board grades. For tailor making CTMP for this purpose, wood chips are impregnated with aqueous sodium sulphite for sulphonation of the wood lignin. When lignin is sulphonated, the defibration of wood into pulp becomes more selective, resulting in enhanced pulp properties. On a microscopic fibre scale, however, one could strongly assume that the sulphonation of the wood structure is very uneven due to its macroscale size of wood chips. If this is the case and the sulphonation could be done significantly more evenly, the CTMP process could be more efficient and produce pulp even better suited for carton boards. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a technique based on X-ray fluorescence microscopy imaging (uXRF) for quantifying the sulphur distribution on CTMP wood fibres. The feasibility of uXRF imaging for sulphur homogeneity measurements in wood fibres needs investigation. Clarification of which spatial and spectral resolution that allows visualization of sulphur impregnation into single wood fibres is needed. Measurements of single fibre imaging were carried out at the APS synchrotron facility. With a synchrotron beam using 1 um scanning step, images of elemental mapping are acquired from CTMP samples diluted with non-sulphonated pulp under specified conditions. Since the measurements show significant differ-ences between sulphonated and non-sulphonated fibres, and a significant peak concentration in the shell of the sulphonated fibres, the proposed technique is found to be feasible. The required spatial resolution of the uXRF imaging for an on-site CTMP sulphur homogeneity measurement setup is about 15 um, and the homogeneity measured along the fibre shells is suggested to be used as the CTMP sulphonation measurement parameter.
description: Submitted to Journal of Instrumentation, Presented on 23rd International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors