cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Family Gap for Young Women in the United States and Britain: Can Maternity Leave Make a Difference?
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Families
Labor economics

description: In the United States and Britain, there is a "family gap" between the wages of mothers and other women. Differential returns to marital and parental status explain 40%–50% of the gender gap. Another 30%–40% is explained by women's lower levels of work experience and lower returns to experience. Taking advantage of "quasi experiments" in job‐protected maternity leave in the United States and Britain, this article finds that women who had leave coverage and returned to work after childbirth received a wage premium that offset the negative wage effects of children.
International Policies Toward Parental Leave and Child Care
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Families

description: The pleasures and pressures of parenting a newborn are universal, but the supports surrounding parents vary widely from country to country. In many nations, decades of attention to benefits and services for new parents offer lessons worthy of attention in this country. This article describes policies regarding parental leave, child care, and early childhood benefits here and in 10 industrial nations in North America and Europe. The sharpest contrast separates the United States from the other countries, although differences among the others also are instructive: The right to parental leave is new to American workers; it covers one-half of the private-sector workforce and is relatively short and unpaid. By contrast, other nations offer universal, paid leaves of 10 months or more. Child care assistance in Europe is usually provided through publicly funded programs, whereas the United States relies more on subsidies and tax credits to reimburse parents for part of their child care expenses. Nations vary in the emphasis they place on parental leave versus child care supports for families with children under age three. Each approach creates incentives that influence parents' decisions about employment and child care. Several European nations, seeking flexible solutions for parents, are testing "early childhood benefits" that can be used to supplement income or pay for private child care. Based on this review, the author urges that the United States adopt universal, paid parental leave of at least 10 months; help parents cover more child care costs; and improve the quality of child care. She finds policy packages that support different parental choices promising, because the right mix of leave and care will vary from family to family, and child to child.
The New Wave of Service Integration
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Social service

description: States are pursuing service integration that differs substantively and strategically from the first wave of service integration in the 1970s. This article describes the new approach, using Maryland's Systems Reform Initiative as an example, and identifies the ways in which it differs from the original wave. The most important substantive difference is that, in contrast to the first wave, which emphasized administrative reforms, these new state initiatives include casework, governance, and financing reforms as well. There are also differences in strategy. The early wave favored top-down initiatives, combined with limited bottom-up activities such as pilot projects. The new wave, contrary to previous efforts, uses a "bootstrapping" approach, in which reform proceeds incrementally, local participants learn by doing, and the state learns by monitoring.
Seismic evidence of bending and unbending of subducting oceanic crust and the presence of mantle megathrust in the 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake rupture zone
Creators: name: Singh, Satish C.
name: Chauhan, Ajay P. S.
name: Calvert, Andrew J.
name: Hananto, Nugroho
name: Ghosal, Dibakar
name: Rai, Abhishek
name: Carton, Helene D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Plate tectonics

description: In subduction zones the plate interface (megathrust) is typically poorly imaged at depths > 12 km, however its precise geometry and nature as well as the positions of updip and downdip limits of the seismogenic zone are important elements to understand the generation of megathrust earthquakes. Using deep marine seismic reflection and refraction data, we observed discontinuous reflections off the top of the subducting oceanic crust down to 60 km depth in the 2004 great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake rupture zone. We find that the top of the downgoing plate does not dip gently into the subduction zone but instead displays a staircase geometry with three successive, 5–15 km vertical steps, spaced ~ 50 km apart. Micro-earthquake data indicate that most of the seismicity lies below this interface, suggesting that the oceanic plate is deforming actively. Along part of the profile, we also image a second reflector located 8–10 km below the top of the oceanic crust. The forward modelling of the gravity data along the profile supports the presence of a high-density material above this reflector. The presence of a staircase shape for the top of the oceanic crust, together with constraints from gravity data and earthquake data, require that the megathrust goes through this second reflector. This leads us to conclude that the megathrust is at least partly located in the oceanic mantle and that underplating of oceanic crust beneath the wedge and underplating of upper mantle beneath the forearc basin are taking place in this region.
Prediction of zinc binding sites in proteins using sequence derived information
Creators: name: Srivastava, Abhishikha
name: Kumar, Manish
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Zinc is one the most abundant catalytic cofactor and also an important structural component of a large number of metallo-proteins. Hence prediction of zinc metal binding sites in proteins can be a significant step in annotation of molecular function of a large number of proteins. Majority of existing methods for zinc-binding site predictions are based on a data-set of proteins, which has been compiled nearly a decade ago. Hence there is a need to develop zinc-binding site prediction system using the current updated data to include recently added proteins. Herein, we propose a support vector machine-based method, named as ZincBinder, for prediction of zinc metal-binding site in a protein using sequence profile information. The predictor was trained using fivefold cross validation approach and achieved 85.37% sensitivity with 86.20% specificity during training. Benchmarking on an independent non-redundant data-set, which was not used during training, showed better performance of ZincBinder vis-à-vis existing methods. Executable versions, source code, sample datasets, and usage instructions are available at http://proteininformatics.org/mkumar/znbinder/
Initiating antiretrovirals during tuberculosis treatment: a drug safety review
Creators: name: Gengiah, Tanuja N.
name: Gray, Andrew L.
name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: Introduction:  Integrating HIV and tuberculosis (TB) treatment can reduce mortality substantially. Practical barriers to treatment integration still exist and include safety concerns related to concomitant drug use because of drug interactions and additive toxicities. Altered therapeutic concentrations may influence the chances of treatment success or toxicity. Areas covered: The available data on drug-drug interactions between the rifamycin class of anti-mycobacterials and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and the protease inhibitor classes of antiretrovirals are discussed with recommendations for integrated use. Additive drug toxicities, the impact of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and the latest data on survival benefits of integrating treatment are elucidated. Expert opinion: Deferring treatment of HIV to avoid drug interactions with TB treatment or the occurrence of IRIS is not necessary. In the integrated management of TB-HIV co-infection, rational drug combinations aimed at reducing toxicities while effecting TB cure and suppressing HIV viral load are possible.
Steroids from herbs of Reineckia carnea and their anticomplement activities
Creators: name: Xu, Xu
name: Wu, Bei
name: Zhan, Yanzhi
name: Huang, Wenping
name: Yang, Shilin
name: Wen, Quan
name: Feng, Yulin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new polyhydroxylated pregnane, named lβ,2β,3β,4β,5β,6β-hexolhydroxy-pregn-16-en-20-one (1), along with nine known (2–10) steroidal saponins were isolated from the whole plant of Reineckia carnea. Structure elucidations of all compounds were established by interpretation of their NMR spectral data, HR-ESI-MS and comparing with literatures. In addition, these compounds were evaluated with anticomplement activity. The result showed that compound 1 exhibited anticomplement effects with the CH50 values of 0.043 mg/mL, but saponins (2–10) showed no inhibition. Interestingly, hydrolysis of steroidal saponins (2–10) resulted in its aglycones (2a–10a) correspondingly which showed anticomplement activity with the CH50 values of 0.049–0.156 mg/mL.
Making Globalisation Work--The 2006 Geary Lecture
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economics

description: However, thinking through systematically about the kinds of changes one could bring about to make globalisation work, or at least work better than it has been working, seemed to me something that was really very important. So what I did in this book, and what I will try to do in this lecture, is first to list what has gone wrong and which grievances, amongst all those that have been raised, are the most legitimate. Second, I will analyse how things have been changing and explore whether they have been getting better or worse. Third, I will make a diagnosis of why globalisation has not been living up to its potential and why it is failing in each of the several areas that I am going to talk about. Finally, based on that diagnosis, I will discuss what can be done to at least ameliorate some of the problem situations.
title: An ecological conundrum: just what makes good Lesser Prairie-Chicken habitat?
title: An ecological conundrum: just what makes a good Lesser Prairie-Chicken habitat?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Olson, Steven
name: Riley, Terry
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Terry Riley.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: The Lesser Prairie-Chicken is native to the prairie shrubland ecosystems of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. Dramatic population declines, combined with existing and perceived future threats, were the impetus for listing the chicken as 'Threatened' under the Endangered Species Act. On the Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands the decline has been evident since the mid-1990s, but has been particularly severe over the past decade. Between 2012 and 2013, prairie-chicken numbers fell 50 percent across the species range. These concerns led to the development of the Cimarron-Comanche National Grasslands Lesser Prairie-Chicken Management Plan. As we developed our plan, it became evident that defining ‘quality' prairie-chicken habitat was not a simple task. The prairie-chicken evolved in an area of sand prairie with tall grasses accounting for up to 90 percent of the vegetation, thus providing ample lekking, nesting, and brood rearing habitat for the birds. That habitat was forever altered by European settlement and disturbance of native prairie. Despite broad changes in the vegetation, the sand prairie still appears to be capable of producing more tall grasses and fewer shrubs. Our strategy includes a thorough inventory of existing conditions, an intense monitoring plan, and an experimental approach to answer the question: 'Just what makes good Lesser Prairie-Chicken habitat?' The answer to that question on the national grasslands will be the same for private lands in the vicinity, leading to cooperative management of Lesser Prairie-Chicken among land owners across the species range.
To eat the cookie or not to eat the cookie: that is the question - children's understanding of conflicting desires
Creators: name: Rostad, Kristin
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 142-150
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of ethics approval. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: The purpose of the current experiments was to examine children's ability to comprehend conflicting desires (e.g., "I want to go to my friend's house for a birthday party because there will be cake, but I also don't want to go because I'm having fun playing video games at home"). In both of two experiments, undergraduate students were tested on the conflicting desires task to ensure that the measures were designed and interpreted appropriately. Executive functioning and theory of mind abilities were also assessed and were compared to children's ability to understand conflicting desires. In Experiment 1, participants were 4- to 7-year-old children and the conflicting desires task utilized a forced­choice response paradigm. Results showed that the 6- and 7-year-old children understood conflicting desires at levels that were well above chance. There was evidence that even some of the 5-year-olds exhibited an emerging comprehension of conflicting desires. However, the 4-year-olds showed little-to-no ability to appreciate conflicting desire states. Significant relationships were observed between conflicting desire understanding and theory of mind and executive functioning skills, even after controlling for chronological age and receptive vocabulary. In Experiment 2, participants were 4- and 5-year-old children and the procedure was modified to be more engaging and supportive for younger age groups. With these modifications, some children as young as 4 years of age were able to successfully interpret situations which involved conflicting desires. However, there were no significant relationships between conflicting desire understanding and either theory of mind or executive functioning skills in the second experiment, potentially due to the more restricted age range and reduced variability on the conflicting desires task. ln sum, careful consideration and modification of task demands allowed children as young as 4 years of age to demonstrate a preliminary understanding of conflicting desires, and this understanding may be aided by more well-developed theory of mind and executive functioning skills.
Orbital sensitivity in Mg2+ dielectronic recombination calculations
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Fu, J.
name: Gorczyca, T. W.
name: Nikolic, D.
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Gu, M. F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Astrophysics
Microphysics

description: We have investigated the reason for significant discrepancies between the results of two recent, similar computational methods [ Zatsarinny et al. Astron. Astrophys. 426 699 (2004); Gu Astrophys. J. 590 1131 (2003)] for dielectronic recombination (DR) of Mg2+. It is found that the choice of orbital description can lead to discrepancies by as much as a factor of 2 between total peak DR rate coefficients resulting from otherwise-identical computations. These unexpected differences are attributed to the large sensitivity to bound-orbital relaxation and continuum-orbital description effects on the computed radiative and autoionizing transitions arising from accidental cancellation. In order to obviate these effects, an approach, using a separate, nonorthogonal orbital basis for each configuration, is employed to yield a DR rate coefficient that we assess to be more reliable than all earlier published results.
Making meaning from acculturative stress: Chinese international students' experiences
Creators: name: Flynn, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 101-123
description: Includes copy of ethics approvals. Original copies with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Individuals from mainland China and Hong Kong comprise 24% of all international students enrolled in Canadian universities. Research has shown that Chinese international students will experience an array of culturally-based stressors while adjusting to life in Canada. Such stressors include discrepant cultural norms, linguistic barriers, and academic difficulties. The purpose of this exploratory, mixed methods study was to determine how Chinese international university students make meaning out of the acculturative stress they experience while studying in Canada. Three measures, the Coping Schemas Inventory-Revised (Wong, Reker & Peacock, 2006), Chinese Making Sense of Adversity Scale (Pan, Wong, Chan & Chan, 2008a), and Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (Sandhu & Asrabadi, 1994 ), were administered to 140 Chinese international students studying at two Canadian institutions. As well, participants provided a qualitative descriptive critical incident describing how they coped with a culturally-based stressful situation. The following questions were addressed: What are the relationships between perceived level of acculturative stress, type of coping, and use of sense­making? How does length of residency in Canada affect perceived level of acculturative stress? Do Chinese students use meaning-making as a strategy to cope with acculturative stress and if so, how is this strategy helpful for them? It was found that perceived acculturative stress was correlated with passive-emotional coping strategies. The use of sense-making was correlated with meaning, self-restructuring, and situational coping strategies. Neither acculturative stress nor use of sense-making was correlated with age, length of residency in Canada, or with each other. Meaning-making was reported by the majority of participants as a means of coping with acculturative stressors, most of which were academic in nature. Other stressors were interpersonal (i.e., isolation, relationships) or pertained to career, bureaucratic/lifestyle, or language issues. Meaning-making was assessed on two dimensions with corresponding themes: sense-making (i.e., contemplation, self-talk, and acceptance) and benefit-finding (i.e., opportunity, optimism, and enjoyment). A seventh theme, preparation, was thought to belong to both dimensions. This study provided new understanding about acculturative stress as experienced by Chinese international students. The author provided recommendations for university counsellors who work with these students as well as suggestions for broader institutional programs.
China: Towards a New Model of Development
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economics

description: This essay argues that changes in China's circumstances require a different model for the Chinese economic development. Because China's circumstances are different from that of other countries, the model for China inevitably needs to be different from that of elsewhere. In line with the central ideas, the essay discusses extensive issues regarding China's economic development such as export growth model, innovation, property rights, tax policy, social insurance, etc.
An integrated workflow for reservoir modeling and flow simulation of the Nikanassin tight gs reservoir in the western Canada sedimentary basin
Creators: name: Deng, Hui
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 301-310
description: This thesis presents an innovative workflow and learning curve for characterization and reservoir simulation of the tight gas Nikanassin Group in a study area, which centers primarily in Township 65 Range 09. The workflow and learning curve starts with LiDAR scanning of the Milk River Formation (porosities and permeabilities larger than 20% and 100 mD, respectively) in Writing on Stone Provincial Park (WOSPP), moves to rocks of the Doig Formation in British Columbia with poorer properties (about 6 to 9% porosity for clean sandstones and permeabilities of 0.7 to 34 mD) and closes the cycle evaluating rocks of the Nikanassin Group with even worse rock properties. The learning curve provides the necessary tools for studying the very complex, very heterogeneous Nikanassin Group characterized by porosities that are generally less than 5% and permeabilities that are typically a fraction of mD, i.e., properties much lower than the ones mentioned above for the Milk River and Doig formations. Previous petrographic studies of the Nikanassin Group show the presence of (1) intergranular, (2) microfracture + slot, and (3) isolated (non effective) porosities. These studies inspire the introduction of a mathematical triple porosity model for improved petrophysical analysis of the Nikanassin Group. Another novel approach developed in this thesis is the integration of lithofacies and pore throat apertures (rP35) that facilitate facies mapping for reservoir simulation purposes. Support to the reservoir simulation is given by geostatistical analysis and numerical well test evaluation. The result is a sound full field model that permits a reasonable match of production and pressure (limited amounts) histories, and forecasting of gas recovery under different well-spacing and depletion scenarios. As most Nikanassin tight gas wells are completed commingled, this research develops a procedure for production allocation of individual contributing formations. The study shows that there is a very large gas potential in the Nikanassin group, particularly in the Lower Monteith Formation that can be exploited by reducing significantly the well spacing. For example, detailed simulation indicates that doubling the number of Monteith wells in the study area will also double the cumulative gas production over a 10-year period. The finding is significant as the tight gas Nikanassin Group extends for more than 15,000 km² within Alberta and British Columbia. This suggests preliminary that there is potential for drilling thousands of Nikanassin well in these two provinces.
Cosmological braneworld solutions with bulk scalar field in DGP setup
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Khamesian, M.
name: Rashidi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological dynamics of a canonical bulk scalar field in the DGP setup within a superpotential approach. We show that the normal branch of this DGP-inspired model realizes a late-time de Sitter expansion on the brane. We extend this study to the case that the bulk contains a phantom scalar field. Our detailed study in the supergravity-style analysis reveals some yet unexplored aspects of cosmological dynamics of bulk scalar field in the normal DGP setup. Some clarifying examples along with numerical analysis of the model parameter space are presented in each case.
description: 29 pages, 12 figs, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
title: Landscape conservation takes money: how conservation easements are revolutionizing habitat protection and management in the United States
title: Landscape conservation takes money: how conservation easements are revolutionizing habitat protection and management in the U.S.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Manes, Stephanie
name: Riley, Terry
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: When land is privately or communally-owned, the self-interests of the property owners dictate the fate of the land. For some, generating money is the top priority; for others, keeping the land intact for future generations drives all decisions. One tool serves both needs while preserving private property rights, communal sovereignty and the ability for landowners to generate income from hunting, eco-tourism and compatible agricultural production. Voluntary legal extinguishment of development rights (Conservation Easements), either purchased or charitably-donated, create the financial incentives necessary to achieve lasting protection and management of habitat at large scale in perpetuity. Discussed is a brief history of conservation easements in the United States, the legal and regulatory framework necessary for success, and a summary of the dramatic increase in the use of conservation easements to achieve federal, state, local and endangered species conservation objectives.
Prevention and the Child Protection System
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Families

description: The nation's child protection system (CPS) has historically focused on preventing maltreatment in high-risk families, whose children have already been maltreated. But, as Jane Waldfogel explains, it has also begun developing prevention procedures for children at lower risk—those who are referred to CPS but whose cases do not meet the criteria for ongoing services. Preventive services delivered by CPS to high-risk families, says Waldfogel, typically include case management and supervision. The families may also receive one or more other preventive services, including individual and family counseling, respite care, parenting education, housing assistance, substance abuse treatment, child care, and home visits. Researchers generally find little evidence, however, that these services reduce the risk of subsequent maltreatment, although there is some promising evidence on the role of child care. Many families receive few services beyond periodic visits by usually overburdened caseworkers, and the services they do receive are often poor in quality. Preventive services for lower-risk families often focus on increasing parents' understanding of the developmental stages of childhood and on improving their child-rearing competencies. The evidence base on the effectiveness of these services remains thin. Most research focuses on home-visiting and parent education programs. Studies of home visiting have provided some promising evidence. Little is as yet known about the effects of parent education. Waldfogel concludes that researchers have much more to learn about what services CPS agencies should expand to do a better job of preventing maltreatment. Some families, especially those with mental health, substance abuse, and domestic violence problems, are at especially high risk, which suggests that more effective treatment services for such parents could help. Very young children, too, are at high risk, suggesting a potentially important role for child care—one area where the evidence base is reasonably strong in pointing to a potential preventive role. Although preventive services for the lower-risk cases not open for services with CPS are much more widespread today than in the past, analysts must explore what CPS agencies can do in this area too to ensure that they are delivering effective services.
title: Comprehensive Review of Cystic Pancreatic Tumors for the Practicing Radiologist
Creators: name: Venugopal, Nitin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cysts
subject: Staging
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Identify benign vs. malignant pancreatic cysts and risk factors Identify salient imaging findings in cystic pancreatic tumors that will aid in diagnosis and characterization Review of a radiologist’s role in guiding management and guidelines for...
Review of "Everybody's Children: Child Care as a Public Problem," by William T. Gormley, Jr.
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Families
Public policy (Law)

description: William Gormley accomplishes three very important things in Everybody's Children: He makes a compelling case for government intervention in the child care market; he provides an analytic framework for thinking about that intervention; and he provides a wealth of information about the workings of that market. The result is a volume that is likely to be the definitive work of child care policy analysis for some time to come.
Family and medical leave: evidence from the 2000 surveys
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor economics

description: Seven years after the Family and Medical Leave Act, more employees are taking leave for family or medical reasons, and fewer report that they need leave, but are unable to take it; many employers offer leave over and above that required by the Act, and most report no adverse effects on their business.
Halpha Equivalent Widths from the 3D-HST survey: evolution with redshift and dependence on stellar mass
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Mattia
name: Patel, Shannon G.
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Kriek, Mariska
name: Lundgren, Britt
name: Momcheva, Ivelina
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Schmidt, Kasper B.
name: Skelton, Rosalind E.
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Nelson, Erica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of the Halpha equivalent width, EW(Halpha), with redshift and its dependence on stellar mass, taking advantage of the first data from the 3D-HST survey, a large spectroscopic Treasury program with the Hubble Space Telescope WFC3. Combining our Halpha measurements of 854 galaxies at 0.8
description: 7 pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
"Korean wave" in China : its impact on the South Korean-Chinese relations
Creators: name: Kim, Ji-Eun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The “Korean Wave” refers to the love of South Korean cultural products. The wave has started in East Asia and swept over Southeast Asia. More recently, it has even landed in the Middle East and part of Europe. In particular, this thesis looks at the Korean Wave in the context of China, where the Korean Wave first started and the term was coined. It aims to answer the following research questions: 1) To what extent the Korean pop culture has influenced the public sentiment in China? 2) How the government and political leaders have responded to the Korean Wave in China? In response, it is argued that Korean soap-operas, in particular, have boosted the Chinese public’s interest in Korea and created positive national images of Korea. This effect can be explained by the Korean media and government’s active support and the timely development of the internet. However, the high-level response to the phenomenon has also reflected the Chinese government’s concern over foreign cultural imports and their unwillingness to utilize the Korean Wave as a tool of promoting South Korea-China relations. Finally, this thesis also argues that the Korean Wave has a potential to become the cornerstone of “soap-opera diplomacy” based on the cultural familiarity that could improve the declining state to state bilateral relations.
Twisted Frobenius-Schur indicators for Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Sage, Daniel S.
name: Vega, Maria D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05 (Primary), 20C15 (Secondary)

description: The classical Frobenius-Schur indicators for finite groups are character sums defined for any representation and any integer m greater or equal to 2. In the familiar case m=2, the Frobenius-Schur indicator partitions the irreducible representations over the complex numbers into real, complex, and quaternionic representations. In recent years, several generalizations of these invariants have been introduced. Bump and Ginzburg, building on earlier work of Mackey, have defined versions of these indicators which are twisted by an automorphism of the group. In another direction, Linchenko and Montgomery have defined Frobenius-Schur indicators for semisimple Hopf algebras. In this paper, the authors construct twisted Frobenius-Schur indicators for semisimple Hopf algebras; these include all of the above indicators as special cases and have similar properties.
description: 12 pages. Minor revisions
Thermal stabilization of thin gold nanowires by surfactant-coating: a molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Huber, Stefan E.
name: Warakulvit, Chompunuch
name: Limtrakul, Jumras
name: Tsukuda, Tatsuya
name: Probst, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal stabilization of thin gold nanowires with a diameter of about 2 nm by surfactants is investigated by means of classical molecular dynamics simulations. While the well-known melting point depression leads to a much lower melting of gold nanowires compared to bulk gold, coating the nanowires with surfactants can reverse this, given that the attractive interaction between surfactant molecules and gold atoms lies beyond a certain threshold. It is found that the melting process of coated nanowires is dominated by surface instability patterns, whereas the melting behaviour of gold nanowires in vacuum is dominated by the greater mobility of atoms with lower coordination numbers that are located at edges and corners. The suppression of the melting by surfactants is explained by the isotropic pressure acting on the gold surface (due to the attractive interaction) which successfully suppresses large-amplitude thermal motions of the gold atoms. (Note that this is a pre-peer-reviewed version which has been submitted to Nanoscale.)
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
title: Pediatric enterovirus encephalitis: A serious pathology you have to be prepared for as a radiologist
Creators: name: Sanz Bellon, Pablo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Education
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Education and training
subject: Infection
subject: Pathology
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the imaging findings of Enterovirus 71 encephalitis in pediatric patients and analyze their diagnostic...
Low-energy charge transfer for collisions of Si3+ with atomic hydrogen
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Bruhns, H.
name: Kreckel, H.
name: Seely, D. G.
name: Havener, C. C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Astrophysics
Microphysics

description: Cross sections of charge transfer for Si3+ ions with atomic hydrogen at collision energies of ≈40–2500 eV/u were carried out using a merged-beam technique at the Multicharged Ion Research Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The data span an energy range in which both molecular orbital close coupling (MOCC) and classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) calculations are available. The influence of quantum mechanical effects of the ionic core as predicted by MOCC is clearly seen in our results. However, discrepancies between our experiment and MOCC results toward higher collision energies are observed. At energies above 1000 eV/u good agreement is found with CTMC results.
HIV and maternal mortality: turning the tide
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: AbouZahr, Carla
name: Dehne, Karl
name: Mangiaterra, Viviana
name: Moodley, Jack
name: Rollins, Nigel
name: Say, Lale
name: Schaffer, Nathan
name: Rosen, James E.
name: Zoysa, Isabelle De
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: The two top causes of death in women of reproductive age globally are HIV/AIDS and complications related to pregnancy and childbearing, which account for 19% and 15% of all deaths in women aged 15–44 years, respectively. The growing burden of HIV infection in young sexually active women and the maternal health problems that they face have been described as two intersecting epidemics. In settings with a high HIV burden and high maternal mortality ratios, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, many HIV-infected pregnant women are confronted not only with the risk of death associated with advancing HIV disease, but also with an increased risk of pregnancy-related death.
Electron-ion recombination for Fe VIII forming Fe VII and Fe IX forming Fe VIII: measurements and theory
Creators: name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Bernhardt, D.
name: Muller, A.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Orlov, D. A.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Lukic, D. V.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Badnell, N. R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ion recombination
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics
Astrophysics
Microphysics

description: The photorecombination rate coefficients of potassium-like Fe VIII ions forming calcium-like Fe VII and of argon-like Fe IX forming potassium-like Fe VIII were measured by employing the merged electron-ion beams method at the Heidelberg heavy-ion storage-ring TSR. New theoretical calculations with the AUTOSTRUCTURE code were carried out for dielectronic recombination (DR) and trielectronic recombination (TR) for both ions. We compare these experimental and theoretical results and also compare with previously recommended rate coefficients. The DR and TR resonances were experimentally investigated in the electron-ion collision energy ranges 0-120 eV and 0-151 eV for Fe VIII and Fe IX. Experimentally derived Fe VIII and Fe IX DR + TR plasma rate coefficients are provided in the temperature range kBT=0.2 to 1000eV. Their uncertainties amount to ±26% and ±35% at a 90% confidence level for Fe VIII and Fe IX, respectively.
A Resolved Census of Millimeter Emission from Taurus Multiple Star Systems
Creators: name: Harris, Robert J.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Kraus, Adam L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high angular resolution millimeter-wave dust continuum imaging survey of circumstellar material associated with individual components of 23 multiple star systems in the Taurus-Auriga young cluster. Combined with previous measurements, these new data permit a comprehensive look at how millimeter luminosity (a tracer of disk mass) relates to the separation and mass of a stellar companion. Approximately one third (28-37%) of individual stars in multiples have detectable millimeter emission, a rate half that for single stars (~62%). There is a strong correlation between the luminosity and projected separation (a_p) of a stellar pair. Wide pairs (a_p > 300 AU) have a similar luminosity distribution as single stars, medium pairs (a_p ~ 30-300 AU) are a factor of 5 fainter, and close pairs (a_p < 30 AU) are ~ 5 times fainter yet (aside from a small population of bright circumbinary disks). In most cases, the emission is dominated by a disk around the primary (or a wide tertiary in triples), but there is no clear relationship between luminosity and stellar mass ratio. A direct comparison of resolved disk sizes with predictions from tidal truncation models yields mixed results; some disks are larger than expected given their companion separations. We suggest that the presence of a stellar companion impacts disk properties at a level comparable to the internal evolution mechanisms operating in isolated systems, with both the multiple star formation process itself and star-disk tidal interactions likely playing important roles in the evolution of disk material. From the perspective of the mass content of the disk, we expect that (giant) planet formation is inhibited around the components of close pairs or secondaries, but should be as likely as for single stars around the primaries (or wide tertiaries in hierarchical triples) in more widely-separated multiple star systems.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 40 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables
First eigenvalue/eigenvector in sparse random symmetric matrices: influences of degree fluctuation
Creators: name: Kabashima, Yoshiyuki
name: Takahashi, Hisanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the first (largest) eigenvalue and its eigenvector (first eigenvector) are investigated for large sparse random symmetric matrices that are characterized by bimodal degree distributions. In principle, one should be able to accurately calculate them by solving a functional equation concerning auxiliary fields which come out in an analysis based on replica/cavity methods. However, the difficulty in analytically solving this equation makes an accurate calculation infeasible in practice. To overcome this problem, we develop approximation schemes on the basis of two exceptionally solvable examples. The schemes are reasonably consistent with numerical experiments when the statistical bias of positive matrix entries is sufficiently large, and they qualitatively explain why considerably large finite size effects of the first eigenvalue can be observed when the bias is relatively small.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
title: Maturational developmental changes do not need to be reported in paediatric brain MRI
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Marine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Image verification
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1.To recognize the maturational developmental changes of different structurs 2. To understand the rules of myelination and 3. To understand the radiological features of each maturational developmental...
What is the Most Promising Electromagnetic Counterpart of a Neutron Star Binary Merger?
Creators: name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Berger, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The final inspiral of double neutron star and neutron star-black hole binaries are likely to be detected by advanced networks of ground-based gravitational wave (GW) interferometers. Maximizing the science returns from such a discovery will require the identification and localization of an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart. Here we critically evaluate and compare several possible counterparts, including short-duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs), "orphan" optical and radio afterglows, and ~day-long optical transients powered by the radioactive decay of heavy nuclei synthesized in the merger ejecta ("kilonovae"). We assess the promise of each counterpart in terms of four "Cardinal Virtues": detectability, high fraction, identifiability, and positional accuracy. Taking into account the search strategy for typical error regions of ~10s degs sq., we conclude that SGRBs are the most useful to confirm the cosmic origin of a few GW events, and to test the association with NS mergers. However, for the more ambitious goal of localizing and obtaining redshifts for a large sample of GW events, kilonovae are instead preferred. Off-axis optical afterglows will be detectable for at most ~10% of all events, while radio afterglows are promising only for the unique combination of energetic relativistic ejecta in a high density medium, and even then will require hundreds of hours of EVLA time per event. Our main recommendations are:(i) an all-sky gamma-ray satellite is essential for temporal coincidence detections, and for GW searches of gamma-ray triggered events; (ii) LSST should adopt a 1-day cadence follow-up strategy, ideally with ~0.5 hr per pointing to cover GW error regions (the standard 4-day cadence and depth will severely limit the probability of a unique identification); and (iii) radio searches should only focus on the relativistic case, which requires observations for a few months.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, submitted to ApJ