cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the costs and benefits of funding North Carolina’s adult Medicaid dental benefits
Creators: name: Oh, Eun Young
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The objective of this paper is to compare the costs and benefits of funding North Carolina’s adult Medicaid dental benefits. First, a literature review was conducted on the scope of adult Medicaid dental benefits and dental-related emergency department(ED) visits. Second, the costs of dental care in the ED was compared to the cost of care at a private dental office. A decision tree was used to model North Carolina’s Medicaid cohort’s utilization of dental benefits. The primary outcome of interest was the change in costs associated with an ED visit for dental-related conditions when dental benefits are funded and not funded. The results can inform North Carolina General Assembly’s decision about whether to continue to fund adults’ Medicaid dental benefits. The results can further inform the shortcomings in current dental care access across North Carolina.
Resonances at the LHC beyond the Higgs: The Scalar/Tensor Case
Creators: name: Kilian, W.
name: Ohl, T.
name: Reuter, J.
name: Sekulla, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in a bottom-up approach the theoretically consistent description of additional resonances in the electroweak sector beyond the discovered Higgs boson as simplified models. We focus on scalar and tensor resonances. Our formalism is suited for strongly coupled models, but can also be applied to weakly interacting theories. The spurious degrees of freedom of tensor resonances that would lead to bad high-energy behavior are treated using a generalization of the Stuckelberg formalism. We calculate scattering amplitudes for vector-boson and Higgs boson pairs. The high-energy region is regulated by the T-matrix unitarization procedure, leading to amplitudes that are well behaved on the whole phase space. We present numerical results for complete partonic processes that involve resonant vector-boson scattering, for the current and upcoming runs of LHC.
description: 57 pages, 5 figures
EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC EVIDENCE OF WEB AND MOBILE-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS TREATMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Creators: name: Ogbuefi, Precious
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: Web- and mobile-based technologies (WBM) are often assumed to be cost-effective because they reduce health care visits and eliminate access barriers. In addition, mental disorders make up a substantial proportion of the world’s disease and economic burden. The aim of this report is to assess and summarize the literature related to economic evaluations of web- and mobile-based interventions for the severe mental illness population. Methods: Five databases were searched for economic evaluations alongside randomized controlled trials. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist was used to assess reporting quality and the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool to evaluate the risk of bias for the included economic evaluations. The PRISMA guidelines were followed.Results: Findings show that 70% of the WBM interventions strongly dominated were less costly and more effective than the comparator or control. Only one study conducted a WBM intervention that was dominated by the comparator because the intervention was costlier and less effective. However, quality of reporting and risk of bias within each study varied.Conclusions: The findings show that WBM for severe mental illnesses may be cost-effective compared to usual care treatment, and may result in substantial cost-savings to society. Regardless the setting, however, it is pertinent that future economic evaluations use high quality reporting techniques, eliminating the barriers for decision-makers to assess whether the evidence is generalizable and relevant to their local setting.
The Use of Quality Improvement in Published Physical Therapy Literature: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Crick, James
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Physical Therapy
subject: Quality Improvement

description: Quality Improvement efforts in healthcare involve iterative changes to a local process or system with the aim of improving outcomes (Bauer). Outcomes vary broadly depending on the context, however the global objective of quality improvement may be summarized by the “Triple Aim” espoused by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement of improving the patient experience, improving the health of the population, and reducing costs per capita (IHI). Despite tremendous technological innovation, it remains widely acknowledged that the quality of healthcare received is highly variable, context dependent, and, often, outdated (To Err is Human, Crossing the Quality Chasm). Physical Therapy as a profession has a very broad scope of practice that varies greatly both domestically between states as well as internationally across borders. There are differences in clientele age, ability level, and medical acuity depending on practice setting, as well as practitioner discrepancies in educational and licensing requirements, specializations, privileges in practice act, and continuing education requirements (WCPT). A “Knowledge-to-Practice Gap” has been previously described in the literature (Manns). A previous scoping review of quality improvement publication across rehabilitation professions (PT, OT, and SLP) suggested that the methodological rigor for the included studies was low, significant heterogeneity exists in QI efforts and in their subsequent reporting, and the use of existing models should be prioritized (Jesus). This call for improved methodologic reporting to advance the science of quality improvement has been advanced in other sectors of medicine (Itri et al). For these reasons, a scoping review of the literature is indicated specific to physical therapy with the dual purpose of (1) providing a landscape of the current literature for the use of improvement strategies specific to PT, and (2) describing any current recommendations for the use of frameworks or models for quality improvement initiatives in physical therapy.
title: Digital Assessment of Radiology Residents with Volumetric Datasets
Creators: name: van der Gijp, Anouk
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: eHealth
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In current radiology practice radiologists interpret digital images, with a substantial amount of volume datasets (Fig.1). Radiologists in trainingcanscroll through datasets in different planes and contrast settings and can manipulate the image in...
Prediction of Stability Constants of metal-ligand Complexes Using Thermodynamic Radii of Metal Ions
Creators: name: Solov’Ev, Vitaly
name: Tsivadze, Aslan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Linear Free Energy Relationships (LFER) logKj = a⋅logKi between the stability constants (logK) of the Mn+L complexes of ith and jth metal ions Mn+ (Ca2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, La3+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Th4+, VO2+, Y3+, Zn2+) with diverse organic ligands (L) in water were analyzed. From these 432 LFER it follows that each metal ion can be described by one parameter - thermodynamic ionic radius r, and the stability constants of two metal ions Mi and Mj with a ligand L are related by the simple relationship logKj = (ri/rj)logKi. Predictive performance of this relationship was tested on 228 metal ion pairs which were not used for the radii estimations, and the number of ligands varied from 20 to 221 for these metal ion pairs. Root mean squared error RMSE and squared determination coefficient Rdet2 of the logK predictions vary from 0.50 to 2.0 for 186 test sets and from 0.849 to 0.500 for 218 test sets, respectively.
Legal Mechanisms for the Inclusion of Underrepresented Subgroups in Clinical Trial Research
Creators: name: Brittany, Croom
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The lack of diversity in clinical trial research raises a number of concerns and implications for health care outcomes, costs, and quality of care. This paper will examine potential legal mechanisms to encourage the inclusion of underrepresented subpopulations in phase III clinical trials. Section II will first provide an overview of how patients become involved in clinical trials. Section III will then discuss the significance of diversity in clinical trial research and further describe current barriers that contribute to lack of inclusion. Section IV will provide an overview of federal, state and foreign regulations currently in place to address the issue. Lastly, Section V will propose law and policy recommendations that may further support the inclusion of underrepresented populations.
Extended Formulations in Mixed-integer Convex Programming
Creators: name: Lubin, Miles
name: Yamangil, Emre
name: Bent, Russell
name: Vielma, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a unifying framework for generating extended formulations for the polyhedral outer approximations used in algorithms for mixed-integer convex programming (MICP). Extended formulations lead to fewer iterations of outer approximation algorithms and generally faster solution times. First, we observe that all MICP instances from the MINLPLIB2 benchmark library are conic representable with standard symmetric and nonsymmetric cones. Conic reformulations are shown to be effective extended formulations themselves because they encode separability structure. For mixed-integer conic-representable problems, we provide the first outer approximation algorithm with finite-time convergence guarantees, opening a path for the use of conic solvers for continuous relaxations. We then connect the popular modeling framework of disciplined convex programming (DCP) to the existence of extended formulations independent of conic representability. We present evidence that our approach can yield significant gains in practice, with the solution of a number of open instances from the MINLPLIB2 benchmark library.
description: To be presented at IPCO 2016
Machine learning models effectively distinguish attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using event-related potentials
Creators: name: Ghasemi, E
name: Ebrahimi, M
name: Ebrahimie, Esmaeil
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology
classificationCode: 4611
subject: Machine learning

description: Accurate diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a significant challenge. Misdiagnosis has significant negative medical side effects. Due to the complex nature of this disorder, there is no computational expert system for diagnosis. Recently, automatic diagnosis of ADHD by machine learning analysis of brain signals has received an increased attention. This paper aimed to achieve an accurate model to discriminate between ADHD patients and healthy controls by pattern discovery. Event-Related Potentials (ERP) data were collected from ADHD patients and healthy controls. After pre-processing, ERP signals were decomposed and features were calculated for different frequency bands. The classification was carried out based on each feature using seven machine learning algorithms. Important features were then selected and combined. To find specific patterns for each model, the classification was repeated using the proposed patterns. Results indicated that the combination of complementary features can significantly improve the performance of the predictive models. The newly developed features, defined based on band power, were able to provide the best classification using the Generalized Linear Model, Logistic Regression, and Deep Learning with the average accuracy and Receiver operating characteristic curve > % 99.85 and > 0.999, respectively. High and low frequencies (Beta, Delta) performed better than the mid, frequencies in the discrimination of ADHD from control. Altogether, this study developed a machine learning expert system that minimises misdiagnosis of ADHD and is beneficial for the evaluation of treatment efficacy.
Additional file 8 of Characterizing PFAS hazards and risks: a human population-based in vitro cardiotoxicity assessment strategy
Creators: name: Ford, Lucie C.
name: Lin, Hsing-Chieh
name: Zhou, Yi-Hui
name: Wright, Fred A.
name: Gombar, Vijay K.
name: Sedykh, Alexander
name: Shah, Ruchir R.
name: Chiu, Weihsueh A.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 8
title: To evaluate liver reserve function by Multi-slice spiral CT perfusion image
Creators: name: Yong, Chen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Cirrhosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To discuss the value of clinical applicationinliverreservefunction and significance of multi-slice spiral CT Perfusion imaging of...
Mapping evidence of adverse health effects related to shift work patterns and work schedule tolerance in emergency medical services personnel; a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Barth, Jennifer
name: Greene, Jennifer
name: Goldstein, Judah
name: Sibley, Aaron
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency Medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties

description: Modern emergency medical systems (EMS) and paramedicine as a profession have changed significantly in recent years, with service demand, employee workload and scheduling practices adapting to changing demographic and population pressures in order to provide continual pre- hospital medical services to the public. To achieve this, EMS systems utilize a wide variety of shift schedule patterns, including consecutive or rotating patterns of day or night shifts of varying duration. The objective of this scoping review is to evaluate what research is available related to variations in shift scheduling patterns in EMS systems, while its specific research question is to determine how variations in shift scheduling patterns affect self-reported stress, fatigue, sleepiness, sleep cycle or health changes in EMS professionals. Following the Population – Intervention – Comparison – Outcome (PICO) format, the population for this review will include EMS paramedics in land-based ambulance systems employed in shift work of varying scheduling patterns. The intervention will be any variation of shift schedule patterning as compared to regularly repeating day or night shifts, while outcomes of interest are measurable changes in self-reported levels of stress, fatigue, sleepiness, sleep cycle or health changes. Changes in such measurable outcomes related to shift patterns variations may indicate the need for further studies into specific scheduling practices.
Norman Sutin, Founding Editor of Comments on Inorganic Chemistry: A Remembrance and Tribute
Creators: name: Brunschwig, Bruce S.
name: Turner, Douglas H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Norman Sutin, Founding Editor of Comments on Inorganic Chemistry: A Remembrance and Tribute
title: Semi-automated 3D CT thyroid volumetry: Prospective comparative study of the thyroid volumes measured by specimen, 2D CT and US
Creators: name: Hur, Joonho
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction The accurate determination of thyroid volume is required for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of many thyroid diseases, such as endemic and sporadic goiter, nodules, thyroiditis, and Graves’ disease [1-4]. A precise thyroid...
The $K^{\ast 0}Λ$ photoproduction off a neutron
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao-Yun
name: He, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the preliminary experimental data by the CLAS Collaboration, the $K^{\ast 0}Λ$ photoproduction off a neutron is studied within an effective Lagrangian approach. The contributions from the Born terms including $s$, $u$, and $t$ channels are considered to calculate the amplitude, with which the cross sections are calculated and compared with preliminary CLAS data. The theoretical results indicate that the contribution from the $K$-exchange $t$ channel plays a dominant role for the $K^{\ast 0}Λ$ photoproduction. The contribution from the $κ$ exchange is found one order of magnitude smaller than that from the $K$ exchange. Both the Regge model and the Feynman model are applied to treat the $t$-channel contribution. The discrepancy between two models is found small in the energy range of CLAS data and predicted to become obvious at energies higher than 3 GeV. More precise experimental data especially at backward angles will be helpful to further understand the interaction mechanism of the $K^{\ast 0}Λ$ photoproduction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Understanding the uptake of digital health interventions for cardiometabolic disease in South Asian populations: a scoping review to determine suitable frameworks for analysis
Creators: name: Ramasawmy, Mel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: An increased emphasis on digital health solutions has the potential to widen existing health inequalities. Existing frameworks vary in the degree to which the impact of health inequalities, and equality, are considered. A scoping review will be conducted to identify theoretical frameworks which account for the uptake and implementation of DHIs for cardiometabolic disease, with specific application to health inequalities and to the South Asian population.
Decomposing Age-Adjusted Mortality Disparities in Urban and Rural US Counties (1980-2010)
Creators: name: Spencer, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background: Life expectancy has continued to increase across the US, however, not all groups experience these improvements equally. Evidence suggests a widening disparity in mortality is developing between rural and urban counties, but the extent to which county-level characteristics may explain this gap is unknown. Methods: County-level age-adjusted mortality was collected decennially from 1980 to 2010 and matched with county demographic, economic, and structural characteristics at each decade. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was used to evaluate the extent to which mortality differences by county type could be explained with changing county characteristics over this time period. Results: Differences in county characteristics were more than sufficient to explain observed mortality disparities, with counterfactual estimates predicting even higher rates of rural mortality than are observed. The primary explanatory factors were demographics, followed by economics. Results suggest an unexplained source of protection for rural counties against otherwise unfavorable characteristics, but why rural counties see better than expected outcomes is unclear. Conclusions: Rural differences in mortality rates can largely be explained through increasingly wide disparities in demographics between rural and urban counties, as well as persistent economic inequalities. As these trends show no sign of abating, mortality disparities may continue to increase. We hope that explaining the sources of these disparities will help inform policy making and drive resource allocation to address the increasing needs of the rural population.
title: Evaluation of lung disease progression with CT Brody score in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)
Creators: name: Baltieri, Susanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Inflammation
subject: Cysts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common life-threatening autosomal recessive diseases in the Western World and is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. It affects multiple organs but it is the severity of lung disease that causes most of the...
title: Characterization of focal liver lesions using a rule-based decision support system: initial results
Creators: name: Van Hoe, Lieven
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CAD
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Observer performance
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the performance and subjective acceptance of a newly developed rule-based decision support (DS) system for radiologic characterization of focal liver pathology. In order to compare with current...
title: Pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis - could low dose chest CT improve diagnostic?
Creators: name: Kadakovska, Elizabete
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Pathology
subject: Infection
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Currently diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Tb) is based on medical history, physical examination, specific tests for Tb infection, chest Computerized Radiography (CR). Vast number of infected children remains undiagnosed, thus creating a...
title: Physical Properties and Clinical potential of FFDM
Creators: name: Rojas, Roberto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Mammography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1 . Provide fundamentals about bio-physics of medical images. 2. Introduction to Digital Mammographic Images FFDM (directversion) andits clinical application potential. Medicine, as an art of health-care, deals with diseases, human beings and...
title: Acute Ischemic Stroke: False Positives Of The Brain Perfusion Computed Tomography Confirmed After Endovascular Vessel Recanalization
Creators: name: Morales Deza, Edison Santos
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Understand that Perfusión Cerebral Tomography (PCT) could have falses postives to determine the infarcted tissue, which is important to consider before to take the best therapeutic...
Dynamical Instability of Shear-free Collapsing Star in Extended Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Jawad, Abdul
name: Rani, Shamaila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spherically symmetric collapsing star in terms of dynamical instability. We take the framework of extended teleparallel gravity with non-diagonal tetrad, power-law form of model presenting torsion and matter distribution as non-dissipative anisotropic fluid. The vanishing shear scalar condition is adopted to search the insights of collapsing star. We apply first order linear perturbation scheme to metric, matter and $f(T)$ functions. The dynamical equations are formulated under this perturbation scheme to develop collapsing equation for finding dynamical instability limits in two regimes such as Newtonian and post-Newtonian. We obtain constraint free solution of perturbed time dependent part with the help of vanishing shear scalar. The adiabatic index exhibits the instability ranges through second dynamical equation which depend on physical quantities such as density, pressure components, perturbed parts of symmetry of star, etc. We also develop some constraints on positivity of these quantities and obtain instability ranges to satisfy the dynamical instability condition.
description: 21 pages; Accepted in EPJC for publication
Getting Connected: Developing a Theory-Based Readiness Assessment for Telemedicine in Skilled Nursing Facilities
Creators: name: Simpson, Tina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Nearly a quarter of all Medicare beneficiaries treated in a Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) experience a hospital transfer within three months of admission to the facility.  These readmissions are costly, pervasive and often avoidable.  Telemedicine represents one solution to this problem, however utilization of the innovation, both across the industry and within facilities that have installed the innovation, remains low.Understanding common barriers and “organizational readiness” for implementing within this setting is necessary in order to optimize the chance of successful adoption and integration.  However, few theory-based studies exist explicitly evaluating organizational readiness in this setting. This study seeks to bridge that gap.  In this study we adapted an existing conceptual model of organizational readiness to create a readiness assessment that was then deployed at three facilities, analyzing the assessment's predictive validity by comparison to actual telehealth utilization data.
Titania Derived from NH2-MIL-125(Ti) Metal–Organic Framework for Selective Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to Propylene Carbonate
Creators: name: Alzard, Reem H.
name: Siddig, Lamia A.
name: Alhatti, Nada
name: Abdallah, Israa
name: Aljabri, Latifa
name: Alblooshi, Afra
name: Alzamly, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Titanium dioxide was prepared using titanium-based metal–organic framework (MOF) i.e., NH2-MIL-125(Ti) as a metal precursor. NH2-MIL-125(Ti) was synthesized then calcined at 400 °C, 500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C. The properties of NH2-MIL-125(Ti) and produced TiO2 were investigated using various techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe surface morphology and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to analyze elemental composition of prepared samples. PXRD pattern confirms TiO2 anatase phase formation when Ti-MOF was calcined up to 500 °C, whereas the formation of TiO2 rutile phase at calcination temperature of 600 °C. The photocatalytic activities of produced TiO2 photocatalysts were investigated for the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 to propylene oxide.
Dynamical Instability of Cylindrically Symmetric Collapsing Star in Generalized Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Jawad, Abdul
name: Momeni, Davood
name: Rani, Shamaila
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to analyze the dynamical instability of a self-gravitating object undergoes to collapse process. We take the framework of generalized teleparallel gravity with cylindrically symmetric gravitating object. The matter distribution is represented by locally anisotropic energy-momentum tensor. We develop basic equations such as dynamical equations along with matching conditions and Harrison-Wheeler equation of state. By applying linear perturbation strategy, we construct collapse equation which is used to accomplish the instability ranges in Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. We find these ranges for isotropic pressure as well as reduce the results in general relativity. The unstable behavior depends on matter, metric, mass and torsion based terms.
description: 20 pages; Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Sceince
title: Morphometric change of liver cirrhosis: etiological differences correlated with progression
Creators: name: Ozaki, Kumi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of a variety of chronic diffuse liver diseases, and is irreversibly progressive leading to hepatic dysfunction, portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is a major public health problem worldwide...
Excitations and impurity dynamics in a fermionic Mott insulator with nearest-neighbor interactions
Creators: name: Visuri, A. -M.
name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Törmä, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically and with the numerical time-evolving block decimation method the dynamics of an impurity in a bath of spinless fermions with nearest-neighbor interactions in a one-dimensional lattice. The bath is in a Mott insulator state with alternating sites occupied and the impurity interacts with the bath by repulsive on-site interactions. We find that when the magnitudes of the on-site and nearest-neighbor interactions are close to each other, the system shows excitations of two qualitatively distinct types. For the first type, a domain wall and an anti-domain wall of density propagate in opposite directions, while the impurity stays at the initial position. For the second one, the impurity is bound to the anti-domain wall while the domain wall propagates, an excitation where the impurity and bath are closely coupled.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
title: Usefulness of organ-based tube-current modulation with the orbital synchronized helical scan technique for subtraction 3D CT angiography
Creators: name: Kudomi, Shohei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Physics
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image registration

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: A novel organ-based tube current modulation (OB-TCM) was implemented on the 64-multislice CT scanner to reduce the dose to superficial radiosensitive organs by decreasing the tube current 30% over a prescribed 90-degree radial arc over the anterior...
Topological Dirac States and Pairing Correlations in the Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductor PbTaSe2
Creators: name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Chen, Peng-Jen
name: Bian, Guang
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Huang, Shin-Ming
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Wang, BaoKai
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Chou, Fangcheng
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Jeng, Horng-Tay
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in topological band structures is a platform for many novel exotic quantum phenomena such as emergent supersymmetry. This potential nourishes the search for topological materials with intrinsic superconducting instabilities, in which Cooper pairing is introduced to electrons with helical spin texture such as the Dirac states of topological insulators and Dirac Semimetals, forming a natural topological superconductor of helical kind. We employ first-principles calculations, ARPES experiments and new theoretical analysis to reveal that PbTaSe2, a non-centrosymmetric superconductor, possesses a nonzero Z2 topological invariant and fully spin-polarized Dirac states. Moreover, we analyze the phonon spectrum of PbTaSe2 to show how superconductivity can emerge due to a stiffening of phonons by the Pb intercalation, which diminishes a competing charge-density-wave instability. Our work establishes PbTaSe2 as a stoichiometric superconductor with nontrivial Z2 topological band structure, and shows that it holds great promise for studying novel forms of topological superconductivity not realized previously.
Relationship between Marketplace plan take-up rate and monthly premium from 2014 to 2016
Creators: name: Wei, Yifan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This study estimates the causal relationship between state-level Marketplace plan monthly premium and take-up rate in 35 states using Healthcare.gov as enrollment platform from 2014 to 2016 data. Fixed Effects model was shown to be the right approach from results of Test Triangle. This study found very small though significant effect of monthly premium on Marketplace plan take-up rate. The results may suffer from limitation of the model itself and also of accuracy issues of input data. But if this finding holds in the upcoming years, the Marketplace may have the chance to stabilize on its premium and enrollment number.
title: A comparison between medical-grade liquid crystal display (LCD) and iPad color imaging
Creators: name: Yoshimura, Kumiko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Technology assessment
subject: PACS
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of colored monitors on which medical colored image was displayed, comparing medical-grade LCD and the iPad. To evaluate the performance of the monitor, we measured luminance [1], chromaticity...
Spatial distributions of atmospheric concentrations of radionuclides on 15 March 2011 discharged by the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident estimated from NaI(Tl) pulse height distributions measured in Ibaraki Prefecture
Creators: name: Moriizumi, Jun
name: Oku, Atomu
name: Yaguchi, Naoki
name: Kuwahara, Yu
name: Yamazawa, Hiromi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: A hybrid method for estimation of atmospheric concentrations of multiple radionuclides was developed and applied to NaI(Tl) pulse height records measured in Ibaraki Prefecture in the morning of 15 March 2011 when three radioactive plumes from the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident passed. The method is based on the simple principle for separation from deposited radionuclides’ contribution and the concentration estimation for multiple radionuclides. Difficulty in the concentration estimation due to complexity of surrounding terrains and geometry was overcome to obtain spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric concentrations of Xe-133, Te-132, I-131, I-132 and I-133 in the three plumes at 21 monitoring stations. The plume axis with higher I-131 concentration of 5.40 kBq m-3 than the previous estimations during the second plume was found in the northwestern inland area. A substantially lower Xe-133/I-131 concentration ratio of the first plume than those of the others was again recognized. The details of non-uniform spatial distribution of the radionuclide composition were found for each of the three plumes.
title: Development of Image Display of Multi Slice CT Fluoroscopy using Projection Mapping
Creators: name: Sato, Yasutomo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Biopsy
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image registration
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Multi slice CT fluoroscopy is the technique that is important in IVR-CT. Particularly, CT needle aspiration is performed frequently. However, by using CT fluoroscopy, the understanding of the position of the X-Y plane was easy, but the...
Dynamical properties of the sine-Gordon quantum spin magnet Cu-PM at zero and finite temperature
Creators: name: Tiegel, Alexander C.
name: Honecker, Andreas
name: Pruschke, Thomas
name: Ponomaryov, Alexey
name: Zvyagin, Sergei A.
name: Feyerherm, Ralf
name: Manmana, Salvatore R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The material copper pyrimidine dinitrate (Cu-PM) is a quasi-one-dimensional spin system described by the spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. Based on numerical results obtained by the density-matrix renormalization group, exact diagonalization, and accompanying electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments we revisit the spin dynamics of this compound in an applied magnetic field. Our calculations for momentum and frequency-resolved dynamical quantities give direct access to the intensity of the elementary excitations at both zero and finite temperature. This allows us to study the system beyond the low-energy description by the quantum sine-Gordon model. We find a deviation from the Lorentz invariant dispersion for the single-soliton resonance. Furthermore, our calculations only confirm the presence of the strongest boundary bound state previously derived from a boundary sine-Gordon field theory, while composite boundary-bulk excitations have too low intensities to be observable. Upon increasing the temperature, we find a temperature-induced crossover of the soliton and the emergence of new features, such as interbreather transitions. The latter observation is confirmed by our ESR experiments on Cu-PM over a wide range of the applied field.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures; published version (including final revisions)
title: Computer-based interactive processing system for dual-shot energy subtraction radiography
Creators: name: Tanaka, Rie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recent advances in digital X-ray detectors have facilitated dual-shot energy subtraction (ES) radiography[1-3]. To utilize the latest ES technology, it is helpful for radiological technologists to have a general purpose platform for dual-shot ES...
A Retrospective Analysis of Dental Provider Distribution and Emergency Department Use for Dental Care in North Carolina
Creators: name: Zizzi, Alexandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION Emergency department (ED) use for dental care in North Carolina is higher than in neighboring states. The majority of conditions seen in the ED are infectious and preventable, signifying a lack of access to regular preventive care. Recent analysis shows uneven distribution of dentists around North Carolina; most are concentrated in highly populated urban areas, leaving rural areas heavily underserved. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to establish the burden of ED use for dental care in North Carolina and to determine if the distribution of dentists is associated with ED use for dental conditions. METHODS This analysis uses linear regression. The outcome of interest is the rate of ED visits for dental care per 10,000 people in each county. The primary explanatory variable is the rate of dentists per 10,000 people in each county. Control variables are also at the county level: rural or urban county designation; percent aged 0-19, 20-39, 40-64, 65 and up; percent female; percent black, white, other race, Hispanic; percent estimated eligible for Medicaid. The analysis was also further stratified by urban or rural designation. Regression analysis could not be conducted for Medicaid population relative to significant Medicaid providers, but characteristics of patient population and ED use rates are included. RESULTS 108,625 cases across 100 counties were included, which accounted for approximately 2.5% of all ED visits in 2014. Rates of ED use ranged from 32 visits per 10,000 people to 436 visits per 10,000 people. Patients were disproportionately black, aged 20-39, and the great majority were self-pay or receiving Medicaid. Rural counties had higher rates than urban counties. There was no linear association found between rate of dentists and rate of ED use for dental care. In the overall model and in the rural model, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with a decrease in expected dental ED visits (C:-4.29, p=0.004 and C:-7.56, p=0.005, respectively). In addition, in the rural model, population aged 0-19 was associated with an expected increase in dental ED visits (C:13.18, p=0.015). Patients aged 20-39 made up the greatest portion of visits among those who receive Medicaid, followed by those aged 0-19. There were many more women than men (68% vs. 32). Regression analysis was not conducted for this population. DISCUSSION Analysis confirms results of patient characteristics are consistent with national estimates. Young adults and the uninsured are making up the greatest proportion of visits to the ED for dental care. No significant linear association was found between dental workforce and ED use, which means there are likely other access barriers at play. Rural areas are heavily underserved and will benefit from having more providers, but other barriers, such as cost and fear, must also be addressed.
title: Role of Chest Low-dose Computed Tomography in Elderly Patients with Suspected Acute Pulmonary Infection in the Emergency Room
Creators: name: Lee, Myungjae
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Infection
subject: Outcomes
subject: Acute

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: With global ageing, population of elderly is increasing. Majority of acute pulmonary infection (API) in elderly are pneumonia, bronchitis, acute exacerbation of COPD/asthma. Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy, rates of mortality due to...