cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hard Problems, Soft Answers: Impact of Epistemic Communities on U.S.-Russian Nuclear Cooperation
Creators: name: Dover, Michelle Elizabeth
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Despite the unpredictable situation of the post-Cold War era, the United States and Russia pursued three types of cooperative programs related to nuclear nonproliferation and arms control in the 1990s. Although they showed promise, many of these initiatives eventually faltered. Their failures have often been attributed to high-level politics and changing national interests. Research has focused less, however, on where the spirit of cooperation originated. This study looks at the role of the network of scientists and strategists--labeled by Haas (1992, 2) and Adler (1992, 101) as an "epistemic community"--in supporting cooperative programs. Focusing on the development of scientist engagement programs and lab-to-lab initiatives, the evidence indicates that the transnational epistemic community defined early national interests and points for cooperation during the chaotic time following the dissolution of the USSR, but its influence was later tempered by the Russian scientists' loss of resources and bureaucratic interests that exacerbated existing divisions in the community. The findings confirm Haas' argument that epistemic communities are most effective during chaotic periods (described by Kingdon (1984, 166) as "policy windows"). In this case, transnational contacts made prior to the end of the Cold War were one of the biggest factors in the programs' initial successes.
VEGETABLE PESTS AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN BARBADOS
Creators: name: Alam, M.M.
name: Alam, M.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Vegetable crops in Barbados are attacked by a complex of insect pests, which in turn, are attacked by a number of natural enemies. The more important pests recorded are diamond-back moth on cabbage, melon-worm and leafminer on cucurbits, cotton semilooper, flea beetle and pinworm on tomato, cotton semilooper, armyworms and a leaf stitcher on beans, a leaf defoliator and a red spider mite on okra, and a leaf webber and armyworms on beetroot. A complex of both indigenous and introduced parasites help to contain these pests within reasonable economic control, although at certain times outbreak conditions occur and insecticides have to be used to reduce the pest population. Parasites such as Cotesia plutellae (Kurd].), Copidosoaa sp. nr. truocatellum (Dalman), Teleoomus remus Nixon and Trichogramaa spp. have contributed most of the biological control of these pests and continue to play a major role in the field.
TOWARDS AN IPM PROGRAM FOR PIGEON PEA POD-BORERS IN THE CARIBBEAN
Creators: name: Yaseen, M.
name: Yaseen, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The pigeon pea Cajanua e&jan is an important cultivated legume in the Caribbean. It is attacked by several insect pests. The pod borers Ancylostomia stercorea, Fundella pellucens and Hellothis virescens are major limiting factors. A. stercorea has a rich complex of natural enemies in Trinidad and some of these may be given trials i.n territories where they do not occur. While some natural enemies of F. pellucens and H. virescens are known, these are inefficient. There is a need to introduce exotic natural enemies of these as well as related pod borers to improve natural control. The parasites usually build after severe initial borer damage has been inflicted. Possibilities of control by use of pheromones as well as by efficient use of chemical pesticides at early stage of damage by the borers need to be investigated. Two hitherto insignificant borers Pococera atramentalis and Sphenarches caffer have in recent years been seen inflicting severe damage which calls for investigations of susceptibility of new varieties of pigeon peas.
EFFECTS OF POST-HARVEST TREATMENT ON THE PREVENTION OF DASHEEN CORM ROT
Creators: name: Adams, Herman
name: Pattanjalidial
name: Adams, Herman
name: Pattanjalidial
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Dasheen (Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta) has a great potential as an export commodity in the East Caribbean. The major constraint was found to be dasheen corm rot. Fungicides treatments at different intervals after harvest, and residue levels, were investigated. Low levels of metalaxyl and benomyl prolonged storage of dasheen corms up to four weeks with acceptably low residue levels. The most effective fungicidal dip was On clean undamaged corms treated within six hours after harvest.
Hard Problems, Soft Answers: Impact of Epistemic Communities on U.S.-Russian Nuclear Cooperation
Creators: name: Dover, Michelle Elizabeth
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Despite the unpredictable situation of the post-Cold War era, the United States and Russia pursued three types of cooperative programs related to nuclear nonproliferation and arms control in the 1990s. Although they showed promise, many of these initiatives eventually faltered. Their failures have often been attributed to high-level politics and changing national interests. Research has focused less, however, on where the spirit of cooperation originated. This study looks at the role of the network of scientists and strategists--labeled by Haas (1992, 2) and Adler (1992, 101) as an "epistemic community"--in supporting cooperative programs. Focusing on the development of scientist engagement programs and lab-to-lab initiatives, the evidence indicates that the transnational epistemic community defined early national interests and points for cooperation during the chaotic time following the dissolution of the USSR, but its influence was later tempered by the Russian scientists' loss of resources and bureaucratic interests that exacerbated existing divisions in the community. The findings confirm Haas' argument that epistemic communities are most effective during chaotic periods (described by Kingdon (1984, 166) as "policy windows"). In this case, transnational contacts made prior to the end of the Cold War were one of the biggest factors in the programs' initial successes.
Effect of Al content on the critical resolved shear stress for twin nucleation and growth in Mg alloys
Creators: name: Wang, Jingya
name: Molina-Aldareguía, Jon M.
name: LLorca, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Al atoms in solid solution on the critical resolved shear stress for twin nucleation and growth was analyzed by means of the combination of diffusion couples with compression tests in micropillars oriented for twinning. The critical resolved shear stress for twin nucleation was higher than that for twin growth and both increased by the same amount with the Al content. Nevertheless, the increase was small ( approx. 10 MPa) for 4 at.%Al but large (up to 60-70 MPa) for 9 at.%Al. These results were in agreement with Labusch-models based on first principles calculations in the dilute regime (< 5 at.%Al) [51]. Comparison with recent data in the literature showed that Al atoms are more effective in increasing the critical resolved shear stresses for twin nucleation and growth than for basal slip [21]. Finally, compression tests in micropillars oriented along [0001] showed the critical shear stress for pyramidal slip increased rapidly with the Al content from 98 MPa in pure Mg to 250 MPa in Mg-9 at.%Al. Thus, the addition of Al increased the plastic anisotropy of Mg alloys.
Effective gauge theories on domain walls via bulk confinement?
Creators: name: Laine, M.
name: Meyer, H. B.
name: Rummukainen, K.
name: Shaposhnikov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study with lattice techniques the localisation of gauge fields on domain wall defects in 2+1 dimensions, following a scenario originally proposed by Dvali and Shifman for 3+1 dimensions, based on confining dynamics in the bulk. We find that a localised gauge zero-mode does exist, if the domain wall is wide enough compared with the confinement scale in the bulk. The range of applicability of the corresponding low-energy effective theory is determined by the mass gap to the higher modes. For a wide domain wall, this mass gap is set by ``Kaluza--Klein modes'' as determined by the width. It is pointed out that in this regime the dynamical energy scales generated by the interactions of the localised zero-modes are in fact higher than the mass gap. Therefore, at least in 2+1 dimensions, the zero-modes alone do not form a low-energy effective gauge theory of a traditional type. Finally, we discuss how the situation is expected to change in going to 3+1 dimensions.
description: 24 pages. v2: published version
The Cultural Sway of the Market: Cultural Adaptation of Reality TV Formats and Social Cultural Change in India
Creators: name: Ganguly, Lauhona
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: As thousands crowd at audition sites and millions watch and vote, reality TV shows in India offer dramatic tales of transformation for those willing to take a chance, be ambitious, compete and (possibly) win. This dissertation focuses on the re-production of globally circulated formats of reality TV shows in India and asks: what are the narratives of reality, participation and change embedded in the global formats and what are the terms of cultural translation? The study illustrates the integration of the Indian television industry with transnational television industrial flows and mechanisms exemplified by practices of reality TV format adaptation. Research involves production ethnography, including embedded, non-participant observations of reality TV format re-production practices in Mumbai's television studios and in-depth interviews with domestic and global industry professionals. In particular, observations from the making of three shows (Who Wants to be a Millionaire-Kaun Banega Crorepati; Pop Idol-Indian Idol; Celebrity Sleepover-Desi Girl) inform analysis; along with empirical material gathered from secondary data. The concept of "performative encounters" proposed in this study facilitates a theoretical framework that highlights the dynamics between social power (both material and ideational) and practices: illustrating the structured encounters and industrial logics introduced by transnational television as it reshapes the conditions and practices of cultural production and the scripted norms imported via reality TV formats, while alerting us to the performative stances and gestures deployed in the creative agency and localized cultural practices of format adaptation by Indian producers. Analysis reveals how thematic emphasis on competition, individualism, ambition and self-management skills embedded in reality TV shows signal the cultural sway of the market in post-liberalized India. But the focus on practices of cultural translation and television production also demonstrates, crucially, how global capital and media forces contend with different social, historical and cultural actors, perceptions and practices in different settings - revealing the multiple realities of living in a neo-liberal global economy. In contrast to textual readings of reality TV's ideological underpinnings or structural analysis of global capitalism and its cultural impact, this study offers industry and production ethnographic research and integrates political-economic approaches to cultural analysis.
Magnetic Fabry-Pérot interferometer for valley filtering in a honeycomb-dice model
Creators: name: Bouhadida, F.
name: Mandhour, L.
name: Charfi-Kaddour, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we theoretically investigate the valley-dependent transmission of particles through a combined electric and magnetic barrier in the $α-T_3$ model which interpolates between the honeycomb and the dice lattices. We put forward that the combination of the Fabry-Pérot interferences and the magnetic field leads to a perfect transmission for one valley and a suppression of the transmission for the other valley. When only one of the barriers (magnetic or electric) is present, no valley polarized current can be produced. By tuning the Fermi energy, this valley-dependent peculiar behavior can be used as valley filtering. Our results show that highly efficient valley filtering with maximum conductivity and polarization can be achieved by controlling the value of the magnetic field and the electric barrier width and height.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Sinoennea lizae Maassen 2008
Creators: name: Páll-Gergely, Barna
name: Reischütz, Alexander
name: Maassen, Wim J. M.
name: Grego, Jozef
name: Hunyadi, András
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Streptaxidae
Sinoennea
Sinoennea lizae

description: Sinoennea lizae Maassen, 2008
(Fig. 6J)
 Sinoennea lizae Maassen, 2008: 235, figs. 1–4.
 Sinoennea lizae — Inkhavilay et al., 2016: 226, fig. 6a–c.
 Type locality. NW Laos, province Luang Namtha, district Vieng Phouka, Oung (=Khama word for cave) Pra Ngiene, 500 m SE of Ban (=village) Phou Lek, at the entrance of the cave.
 Diagnosis. Shell medium-sized, elongate-ovoid, with regular ribbing, narrow umbilicus, deep groove on the outer side of the periumbilical keel, a strong parietal lamella, a pointed, outer palatal tooth and a blunt inner one, and a strong, blade-like columellar lamella.
description: Published as part of Páll-Gergely, Barna, Reischütz, Alexander, Maassen, Wim J. M., Grego, Jozef & Hunyadi, András, 2020, New taxa of Diapheridae Panha & Naggs in Sutcharit et al., 2010 from Laos and Thailand (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Stylommatophora), pp. 1-13 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/4577165
Effect of the Nitrate Group on Yields and Composition of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed from Reactions of Alkyl Nitrates with OH Radicals in the Presence of NOx
Creators: name: Algrim, Lucas B.
name: Ziemann, Paul J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A systematic study was conducted on the effect of a nitrate functional group on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products and yields from reactions of C10 alkyl nitrate isomers with OH radicals in the presence of NOx. The 1- through 5-decyl nitrate isomers were synthesized from their corresponding alcohols, reacted in an environmental chamber, and the precursors and SOA were analyzed using online and offline techniques. SOA products were analogous to those formed from similar reactions of the C10 n-alkane (decane), but with an additional nitrate group. The SOA yield was highest when the nitrate group was on the terminal carbon and decreased monotonically from 0.51 to 0.50, 0.44, 0.28, and 0.15 as it moved toward the center of the molecule, at which point it was similar to that from decane. The explanation for this trend, which is supported by results of calculations performed using a kinetics model, involves a combination of the effects of the nitrate group on product vapor pressures and reaction branching ratios. In general, although the nitrate group lowers the vapor pressures of products relative to the corresponding products of the decane reaction, thus enhancing gas-to-particle partitioning and SOA formation, as it moves towards the center of the molecule it also alters the branching ratios for reaction pathways so as to enhance the formation of more volatile products. The results are compared with those from similar studies on ketone and alcohol isomers to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of functional groups on SOA composition and yields. Copyright © 2020 American Association for Aerosol Research
INTEGRATED WEED CONTROL IN TRANSPLANTED PEPPERS
Creators: name: Reyes-Pérez, Luis A.
name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Almodóvar-Vega, Luis
name: Goyal, Megh R.
name: González-Ibáñez, Jaime
name: Reyes-Pérez, Luis A.
name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Almodóvar-Vega, Luis
name: Goyal, Megh R.
name: González-Ibáñez, Jaime
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Two trialsoOn integrated weed control on drip-irrigated peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) were carried out in 1985. In the first experiment the herbicides napropamide, diphenamid and bensulide were used either alone or with manual weeding or mechanical cultivation. Mechanical cultivation was also integrated with manual weeding. highest yields were obtained with napropamide plus manual weeding; bensulide plus manual weeding; and with handweeding. All other integrated treatments produced significantly lower yields. Poor yields were obtained from the sole-herbicide treatments. Pepper yields were negatively and significantly correlated with the dry weight of weeds per m-2. In the second experiment, mulching with coffee leaves, sugarcane trash, rice straw or silver-coated black plastic were used either alone or with chemical or manual weeding. The highest pepper yields, in descending order, were obtained with rice straw mulching plus manual weeding; silver-coated black plastic plus manual weeding; and silver-coated black plastic alone. Poor yields resulted with all mulching materials when combined with glyphosphate. Pepper yields were again highly correlated with dry weight of weeds per m2.
The Cultural Sway of the Market: Cultural Adaptation of Reality TV Formats and Social Cultural Change in India
Creators: name: Ganguly, Lauhona
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: As thousands crowd at audition sites and millions watch and vote, reality TV shows in India offer dramatic tales of transformation for those willing to take a chance, be ambitious, compete and (possibly) win. This dissertation focuses on the re-production of globally circulated formats of reality TV shows in India and asks: what are the narratives of reality, participation and change embedded in the global formats and what are the terms of cultural translation? The study illustrates the integration of the Indian television industry with transnational television industrial flows and mechanisms exemplified by practices of reality TV format adaptation. Research involves production ethnography, including embedded, non-participant observations of reality TV format re-production practices in Mumbai's television studios and in-depth interviews with domestic and global industry professionals. In particular, observations from the making of three shows (Who Wants to be a Millionaire-Kaun Banega Crorepati; Pop Idol-Indian Idol; Celebrity Sleepover-Desi Girl) inform analysis; along with empirical material gathered from secondary data. The concept of "performative encounters" proposed in this study facilitates a theoretical framework that highlights the dynamics between social power (both material and ideational) and practices: illustrating the structured encounters and industrial logics introduced by transnational television as it reshapes the conditions and practices of cultural production and the scripted norms imported via reality TV formats, while alerting us to the performative stances and gestures deployed in the creative agency and localized cultural practices of format adaptation by Indian producers. Analysis reveals how thematic emphasis on competition, individualism, ambition and self-management skills embedded in reality TV shows signal the cultural sway of the market in post-liberalized India. But the focus on practices of cultural translation and television production also demonstrates, crucially, how global capital and media forces contend with different social, historical and cultural actors, perceptions and practices in different settings - revealing the multiple realities of living in a neo-liberal global economy. In contrast to textual readings of reality TV's ideological underpinnings or structural analysis of global capitalism and its cultural impact, this study offers industry and production ethnographic research and integrates political-economic approaches to cultural analysis.
Lower bounds on the entanglement of formation for general Gaussian states
Creators: name: Rigolin, G.
name: Escobar, C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive two lower bounds on entanglement of formation for arbitrary mixed Gaussian states by two distinct methods. To achieve the first one we use a local measurement procedure derived by Giedke et al [Quantum Inf. and Comp. vol.1, 79 (2001)] that symmetrizes a general Gaussian state and the fact that entanglement cannot increase under local operations and classical communications. The second one is obtained via a generalization to mixed states of an interesting result derived by Giedke et al [quant-ph/0304042], who show that squeezed states are those that, for a fixed amount of entanglement, maximize Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-like correlations.
description: 6 pages, no figures, RevTex4, published version
title: Mirau-Based CSI with Oscillating Reference Mirror for Vibration Compensation in In-Process Applications
Creators: name: Serbes, Hüseyin
name: Gollor, Pascal
name: Hagemeier, Sebastian
name: Lehmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: coherence scanning interferometry
subject: in-process application
subject: Mirau interferometer
subject: vibration compensation
subject: interferometric distance sensor
subject: optical path length modulation
subject: oscillating reference mirror
subject: 600
subject: Interferometrie
subject: Optische Messung
subject: Oberflächenmessung
subject: Interferometer
subject: Sensor
subject: Optische Weglänge

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
DESINFECTION SOLAIRE DES SOLS PAR PAILLAGE PLASTIQUE: POTENTIALITES THEORIQUES ET EXPERIMENTATIONS
Creators: name: Sinoquet, H.
name: Mignard, E.
name: Sinoquet, H.
name: Mignard, E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The laying of a plastic sheet changes the energy balance of the soil surface by suppressing evaporation and by increasing the absorption of solar radiation. This results in an increase of soil temperature, which is probably sufficient to destroy certain phytopathogenic agents of the soil. At a depth of 2 cm, temperature changes were measured for plots of bare soil covered with black plastic sheet, transparent plastic sheet and glass plate. The maximum day temperature reached 54C with glass plate, 5lC with transparent plastic sheet, 45C with black plastic sheet and 38C on the test plot without mulching, for a global solar radiation of 17.5 MJ.m-2.day-1. Temperature profiles were measured on plots of soil covered with glass plate and soil without mulching and well irrigated. Differences in maximum day temperatures were l0.2C at a depth of 2.5 cm, 8.9C at 5 cm, 8.2C at 7.5 cm, 6.7C at 15 cm and 5.5C at 25 cm. ----- L'application d'un film plastique modifie le bilan énergétique de la surface du sol en supprimant l'evaporation et en augmentant l'absorption du rayonnement solaire. Il en résulte une augmentation de la température dans le sol, qui peut étre suffisante pour réduire certains agents phytopathogènes telluriques. L'evolution de la température à 2 cm de profondeur a été mesurée pour des parcelles de sol nu recouvertes de film plastique noir, de film plastique transparent, et de plaques de verre. La température maximale journalière a atteint 54c avec le verre, 5lc avec le plastique transparent, 45C avec le plastique noir et 38C sur la parcelle témoin non paillée, pour unrayonnementsolaire global de 17,5 HJ.m-2.jour-l. Des profils de températures ont été mesurés sur des parcelles de sol recouvertes de plaques de verre et de sol non paillé et bien pourvu en eau. L-écart sur les températures maximales journalières était de 1O.2c à 2.5 cm de profondeur, 8.9C à 5 en, 8.2c à 7.5 cm, 6.7C à 15 cm et 5.5C à 25 cm.
Development of tools for Bayesian data analysis and their application in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Grunwald, Cornelius
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bayesian data analysis
subject: Bayesian analysis toolkit (BAT)
subject: Physics beyond the Standard Model
subject: SMEFT
subject: EFTfitter
subject: Top-quark physics
subject: Flavor physics
subject: Effective field theory
subject: 530
subject: Bayes-Verfahren
subject: Feldtheorie
subject: Quarkmodell
subject: t-Quark
subject: Flavour
subject: Elementarteilchen

description: In this thesis, methods for Bayesian data analysis are employed in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). A new implementation of the Bayesian Analysis Toolkit in Julia (BAT.jl) is introduced as a modern data analysis framework providing algorithms for Bayesian inference. The EFTfitter.jl package for interpreting measurements in the context of effective field theories (EFTs) is presented. It facilitates combining measurements and estimating underlying parameters with Bayesian inference. Both tools are employed for indirect BSM searches using EFTs. Wilson coefficients of dimension-six operators from the top-quark sector of the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) are constrained, and approaches for enhancing fits of SMEFT coefficients are investigated. Studies on the effects of correlations between the uncertainties of measurements on the results of SMEFT fits are conducted. It is demonstrated that the correlations can significantly impact the resulting constraints and can be the crucial components deciding whether deviations from the Standard Model of particle physics are observed or not, in particular when assuming future measurements with reduced uncertainties. Moreover, studies on combining measurements of top-quark and flavor physics observables for SMEFT interpretations are performed, and the steps necessary for a combined fit are discussed. Powerful synergies between top-quark processes and b → s transitions are observed when constraining SMEFT Wilson coefficients of the top-quark sector. It is demonstrated that due to complementary sensitivities, combining observables from different energy scales can tighten the constraints significantly. Future scenarios assuming measurements from HL-LHC, Belle II, and CLIC are investigated, and their potential for improving constraints on up to eleven SMEFT Wilson coefficients is pointed out. The benefits of orthogonal constraints in multidimensional phase spaces for resolving ambiguous solutions are highlighted. The SMEFT studies presented in this thesis demonstrate the capabilities of the new BAT.jl and EFTfitter.jl packages for BSM analyses.
om a "Whopper" to a "Green and Clean" development : modernity, environmentalism, and the Canadian-American Libby Dam Project
Creators: name: Van Huizen, Philip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the 1940s, planners in both the American West and British Columbia were in the throes of what anthropologist James Scott has termed "high modernism." Development rhetoric during this period promoted the construction of large dams in ways that stressed the rational "conquest of nature" using tools provided by science and technology. The Libby Project, included as part of the Columbia River Treaty and located along the Kootenay River in northwestern Montana and southeastern British Columbia, was initially promoted in a similar fashion. By the time construction of the Libby Dam began in 1966, though, a growing environmental movement changed how planners, such as the US Army Corps of Engineers in Montana and various scientists, politicians, and bureaucrats in British Columbia, described and designed the Libby Dam and its reservoir, Lake Koocanusa. This thesis traces how the "environmental turn" affected the Libby Project from 1948 to the late 1970s. I argue that the larger North American environmental movement gave pre-existing conservation groups and government agencies in Montana and British Columbia greater influence over politicians and legislation. In response, Libby Project planners implemented mitigation measures, "blended" the dam and reservoir into the Kootenay landscape, and appropriated First Nation's symbols and artefacts to make the project seem "native" to the Canadian-American Kootenay Basin. Such efforts also affected how local residents in the area viewed environmentalism and the Libby Dam. In this way, Libby project experts and Kootenay residents were affected by, and a part of, the more general shift from high modernism to environmental modernism that occurred in North America in the mid-to-late twentieth century.
Table of Studies from Effect of urban habitat use on parasitism in mammals: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Werner, Courtney
name: Nunn, Charles
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sup 1. Table of studies included in meta-analysis, along with species and urban locations of the populations included in each study.
Mean-Field Solution for Critical Behavior of Signed Networks in Competitive Balance Theory
Creators: name: Masoumi, R.
name: Oloomi, F.
name: Kargaran, A.
name: Hosseiny, A.
name: Jafari, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Competitive balance model has been proposed as an extension to the balance model to address the conflict of interests in signed networks arXiv:2001.04664 . In this model two different paradigms compete with each other due to the competitive interests to dominate the system and impose their own values. Using mean-field solution method in this paper, we examine the thermal behavior of the competitive balance model. Our results show that under a certain temperature, the symmetry between two competitive interests will spontaneously break which leads to a discrete phase transition. So, starting with a heterogeneous signed network, if agents aim to ultimately decrease tension stemming from balance theory, evolution ultimately chooses only one of the existing interests and stability arises where one paradigm dominates the network. The critical temperature depends linearly on the number of nodes, which was a linear dependence in the thermal balance theory as well. Finally the results obtained through the mean-field theory are verified by a series of simulations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Funnel plot of log odds ratios from Effect of urban habitat use on parasitism in mammals: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Werner, Courtney
name: Nunn, Charles
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sup 2. Funnel plot of the effect sizes, calculated as log odds ratios, plotted against the standard errors of the effect sizes. Each point represents a unique host-parasite combination. A test for funnel plot asymmetry was not significant (z = -1.30, p=0.19).
ISSUES IN FOOD ASSISTANCE - REFORMING WELFARE: WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR RURAL AREAS?
Creators: name: Whitener, Leslie A.
name: Weber, Bruce A.
name: Duncan, Greg J.
name: Whitener, Leslie A.
name: Weber, Bruce A.
name: Duncan, Greg J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Public Economics
subject: Welfare reform
subject: rural
subject: nonmetro
subject: poverty
subject: income
subject: well-being
subject: food assistance
subject: Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program
subject: personal responsibility and work opportunity reconciliation act

description: The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act dramatically altered the social safety net for poor Americans, including the 7 million people living in poverty in nonmetro areas. This issue brief examines evidence from recent research about rural-urban differences in welfare reform impacts on program participation, employment, earnings, and poverty and assesses how well welfare reform is working in rural areas.
Change and Continuity in Chinese Strategic Culture - Chinese Decision-Making in the Taiwan Strait
Creators: name: Hines, Robert Lincoln
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines how China's predominant strategic culture has changed since the 1950s. This thesis analyzes Chinese decision-making in the Taiwan Strait from 1954-2011 - paying attention to years of heightened tension in the Taiwan Strait (1954-55, 1958, 1995-1996).This thesis argues that China's strategic culture was once realpolitik, but is now shifting toward a more engagement, stability-oriented strategic culture - a neoliberal strategic culture packaged in Confucian rhetoric. Under the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong, China practiced a realpolitik strategic culture, while other strategic cultural discourses (Confucianism) were intentionally shunned. China's 1978 Reform and Opening policies, however allowed Chinese elites to reconsider China's dominant realpolitik strategic culture. Chinese elites now adopt a more pragmatic economic approach and are actively promoting Confucianism to fill the ideological void left by Marxism. Additionally, China's economic opening and engagement with international institutions have resulted in a shift in Chinese strategic thinking from a predominately realist orientation toward a more constructivist one. This thesis contends that these changes in China's strategic culture are manifest in the PRC's Taiwan policy.
Ökologie, Taxonomie und Verbreitung der nichtmarinen Ostrakoden-Gattung Scottia im Quartär von Europa
Creators: name: Kempf, Eugen Karl
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1971

description: Scottia browniana (Jones 1850) Brady & Norman 1889 war bisher als einziger Vertreter der Gattung Scottia aus dem Quartär von Europa bekannt. Die Art wurde zuerst fossil in Sedimenten des Mittel- und Altpleistozäns gefunden. Später glaubte man, diese Art auch rezent nachgewiesen zu haben. Auffallende Unterschiede zeigten sich in den ökologischen Ansprüchen: Während die rezenten Exemplare nur in unmittelbarer Nähe von kalten Quellen vorkommen, fanden sich die Fossilien überwiegend in den wärmeren Abschnitten von interglazialen Ablagerungen. Diese Diskrepanz führte zur Untersuchung des Belegmaterials von den Typlokalitäten. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß die rezenten Exemplare mit den fossilen artlich nicht identisch sind. Die rezente Art wird infolgedessen als Scottia pseudobrowniana n. sp. beschrieben. Ferner konnte ermittelt werden, daß Cypris tumida Jones 1850 sowie Bythocypris candonaeformis Schweyer 1949 ebenfalls in die Gattung Scottia zu stellen sind. Synonym mit Scottia tumida (Jones 1850) n. comb, ist Cyclocypris huckei Triebel 1941, während Cyclocypris triebeli Kempf 1967 mit Scottia browniana (Jones 1850) synonym ist. Ob Scottia candonaeformis (Schweyer 1949) n. comb, als selbständige Art oder als Synonym von Scottia browniana zu bewerten ist, muß anhand des Materials von der Typlokalität noch überprüft werden. Insgesamt sind nunmehr mindestens drei Scottia-Arten aus dem Quartär von Europa bekannt. Von diesen wurden Scottia browniana und Scottia tumida bislang nur in warmzeitlichen Ablagerungen des Alt- und Mittelpleistozäns nachgewiesen. Scottia pseudobrowniana ist überwiegend rezent bekannt, findet sich gelegentlich aber auch fossil in Quellkalken und Seekreiden des Jungpleistozäns und Holozäns. Entsprechend der Verbreitungskarte sollte Südosteuropa oder Asien als Ausbreitungszentrum der Gattung Scottia in Betracht gezogen werden.
description: research
Nucleation and growth of single wall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Beuneu, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleation and growth of single wall carbon nanotubes from a carbon-saturated catalytic particle surrounded by a single sheet of graphene is described qualitatively by using a very restricted number of elementary processes, namely Stone-Wales defects and carbon bi-interstitials. Energies of the different configurations are estimated by using a Tersoff energy minimization scheme. Such a description is compatible with a broad variety of size or helicity of the tubes. Several mechanisms of growth of the embryos are considered: one of them is made more favourable when the tubes embryos are arranged in an hexagonal network in the graphene plane. All the proposed mechanisms can be indefinitely repeated for the growth of the nanotubes.
description: Solid state communications, in press
Multitasking additional-to-driving: Prevalence, structure, and associated risk in SHRP2 naturalistic driving data
Creators: name: Bálint, András
name: Flannagan, Carol A. C.
name: Leslie, Andrew
name: Klauer, Sheila
name: Guo, Feng
name: Dozza, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper 1) analyzes the extent to which drivers engage in multitasking additional-to-driving (MAD) under various conditions, 2) specifies odds ratios (ORs) of crashing associated with MAD compared to no task engagement, and 3) explores the structure of MAD, based on data from the Second Strategic Highway Research Program Naturalistic Driving Study (SHRP2 NDS). Sensitivity analysis in which secondary tasks were re-defined by grouping similar tasks was performed to investigate the extent to which ORs are affected by the specific task definitions in SHRP2. A novel visual representation of multitasking was developed to show which secondary tasks co-occur frequently and which ones do not. MAD occurs in 11% of control driving segments, 22% of crashes and near-crashes (CNC), 26% of Level 1-3 crashes and 39% of rear-end striking crashes, and 9%, 16%, 17% and 28% respectively for the same event types if MAD is defined in terms of general task groups. The most common co-occurrences of secondary tasks vary substantially among event types; for example, 'Passenger in adjacent seat - interaction' and 'Other non-specific internal eye glance' tend to co-occur in CNC but tend not to co-occur in control driving segments. The odds ratios of MAD compared to driving without any secondary task and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals are 2.38 (2.17-2.61) for CNC, 3.72 (3.11-4.45) for Level 1-3 crashes and 8.48 (5.11-14.07) for rear-end striking crashes. The corresponding ORs using general task groups to define MAD are slightly lower at 2.00 (1.80-2.21) for CNC, 3.03 (2.48-3.69) for Level 1-3 crashes and 6.94 (4.04-11.94) for rear-end striking crashes. The results confirm that independently of whether secondary tasks are defined according to SHRP2 or general task groups, the reduction of driving performance from MAD observed in simulator studies is manifested in real-world crashes as well.
description: Accepted manuscript, to appear in Accident Analysis and Prevention. 21 pages, 11 figures
title: The Scottish Tertiary Education Advisory Council : a case study in educational policy-making
Creators: name: Kirk, Gordon
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The study has two central purposes: firstly, to undertake the first comprehensive analysis of a particular policy-making process, the Scottish Tertiary Education Advisory Council's work in the mid '80s on the future strategy of higher education in Scotland; and, secondly, to use the STEAC process as a case study to test the validity of three models of the policy-making process. Using the minutes and papers of the STEAC itself, the Scottish Office file on STEAC, institutional archive materials, contemporary press coverage, and official documents, the study examines the STEAC process from its inception to its culmination in ministerial decisions. It establishes the educational and political matrix from which the STEAC sprang, and it analyses the evidence submitted, the transactions of the Council itself, the public and professional reaction to the Council's recommendations, the government's subsequent legislative action, and its aftennath. Through that analytical sequence, the interplay of forces and the key determinants of policy are identified and an assessment made of the strategic significance of STEAC in the development of higher education in Scotland. The STEAC process, given its transparency and the fullness of its evidential base, is taken to be an appropriate context against which to test the validity of three models of the policy-making process: the policy community, incrementalism, and the Humes "revised model". It is concluded that the established notion of a homogeneous policy community, as an elitist alliance in collusion with government, is suspect; that incrementalism should give way to an alternative model for which the term "prudentialism" is proposed; and that, while the Humes model acknowledges the full complexity of social phenomena, its very diffuseness makes it insufficient by itself as a model for interpreting the policy-making process in education.
Change and Continuity in Chinese Strategic Culture - Chinese Decision-Making in the Taiwan Strait
Creators: name: Hines, Robert Lincoln
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This thesis examines how China's predominant strategic culture has changed since the 1950s. This thesis analyzes Chinese decision-making in the Taiwan Strait from 1954-2011 - paying attention to years of heightened tension in the Taiwan Strait (1954-55, 1958, 1995-1996).This thesis argues that China's strategic culture was once realpolitik, but is now shifting toward a more engagement, stability-oriented strategic culture - a neoliberal strategic culture packaged in Confucian rhetoric. Under the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong, China practiced a realpolitik strategic culture, while other strategic cultural discourses (Confucianism) were intentionally shunned. China's 1978 Reform and Opening policies, however allowed Chinese elites to reconsider China's dominant realpolitik strategic culture. Chinese elites now adopt a more pragmatic economic approach and are actively promoting Confucianism to fill the ideological void left by Marxism. Additionally, China's economic opening and engagement with international institutions have resulted in a shift in Chinese strategic thinking from a predominately realist orientation toward a more constructivist one. This thesis contends that these changes in China's strategic culture are manifest in the PRC's Taiwan policy.
ISSUES IN FOOD ASSISTANCE - REDUCING FOOD INSECURITY IN THE UNITED STATES: ASSESSING PROGRESS TOWARD A NATIONAL OBJECTIVE
Creators: name: Nord, Mark
name: Andrews, Margaret
name: Nord, Mark
name: Andrews, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Hunger
subject: food security
subject: food insecurity
subject: Healthy People 2010
subject: World Food Summit

description: This issues brief assesses progress toward the U.S. Government's Healthy People 2010 objective of reducing the prevalence rate of food insecurity in the Nation to half of its 1995 level by 2010. It describes methods used to measure and monitor food security, trends in food insecurity and hunger from 1995 to 2000, the extent to which the strong economic growth during the period was responsible for the improvements in food security, and characteristics of food-insecure households.
Chandrasekhar limit for rotating quark stars
Creators: name: Halder, Ashadul
name: Banerjee, Shibaji
name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Raha, Sibaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The limiting mass is a significant characteristic for compact exotic stars. In the case of quark stars, the limiting mass can be expressed in terms of fundamental constants and the Bag constant. In the present work, using bag model description, the maximum mass of a rotating quark star is found to depend on the rotational frequency apart from other fundamental parameters. The analytical results obtained agree with the results of several relevant numerical estimates as well as observational evidences.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Path integral quantization of parametrised field theory
Creators: name: Varadarajan, Madhavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free scalar field theory on a flat spacetime can be cast into a generally covariant form known as parametrised field theory in which the action is a functional of the scalar field as well as the embedding variables which describe arbitrary, in general curved, foliations of the flat spacetime. We construct the path integral quantization of parametrised field theory in order to analyse issues at the interface of quantum field theory and general covariance in a path integral context. We show that the measure in the Lorentzian path integral is non-trivial and is the analog of the Fradkin- Vilkovisky measure for quantum gravity. We construct Euclidean functional integrals in the generally covariant setting of parametrised field theory using key ideas of Schleich and show that our constructions imply the existence of non-standard `Wick rotations' of the standard free scalar field 2 point function. We develop a framework to study the problem of time through computations of scalar field 2 point functions. We illustrate our ideas through explicit computation for a time independent 1+1 dimensional foliation. Although the problem of time seems to be absent in this simple example, the general case is still open. We discuss our results in the contexts of the path integral formulation of quantum gravity and the canonical quantization of parametrised field theory.
Organogene Serie einer pleistozänen Warmzeit vom Typ Bederkesa
Creators: name: Hallik, R.
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1968

description: Eine organogene Serie im Geeste-Elbe-Kanal bei Bederkesa (Kreis Wesermünde) wird moorstratigraphisch und pollenanalytisch untersucht. Zum ersten Mal wurden dabei neben Übereinstimmungen mit organogenen Bildungen des Eems gravierende Abweichungen festgestellt. Zwischen zweien sich ergebenden Deutungsmöglichkeiten bliebe in Anbetracht dieses Befundes zu wählen: entweder eine Erklärung dieser Abweichungen vom „normalen" Eem-Bild mit lokalen ökologischen Bedingungen, oder die Annahme einer weiteren, bisher unbekannt gebliebenen, quartären Warmzeit. Sowohl die Aussichten auf eine ausreichende ökologische Erklärung als auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer hinsichtlich der Vegetationsentwicklung einer der Eem-Zeit in vielem ähnlichen Warmzeit werden behandelt.
description: research