cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing Propagation vs. Launch Physics of Astrophysical Jets and the Role of Experiments
Creators: name: Blackman, Eric G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of other viable momentum sources for collimated flows leads to the likelihood that magnetic fields play a fundamental role in jet launch and/or collimation in astrophysical jets. To best understand the physics of jets, it is useful to distinguish between the launch region where the jet is accelerated and the larger scales where the jet propagates as a collimated structure. Observations presently resolve jet propagation, but not the launch region. Simulations typically probe the launch and propagation regions separately, but not both together. Here, I identify some of the physics of jet launch vs. propagation and what laboratory jet experiments to date have probed. Reproducing an astrophysical jet in the lab is unrealistic, so maximizing the benefit of the experiments requires clarifying the astrophysical connection.
description: 8 pages, accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science (for Special High Energy Density Laboratory Astrophysics Conference Volume)
Quarkonium at finite temperature
Creators: name: Umeda, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD studies on charmonium at finite temperature are presented After a discussion about problems for the Maximum Entropy Method applied to finite temperature lattice QCD, I show several results on charmonium spectral functions. The ``wave function'' of charmonium is also discussed to study the spatial correlation between quark and anti-quark in deconfinement phase.
description: 8pages, 4figures, talk presented at Hard Probes 2006
Where does NWO stand in the journey to FAIR?
Creators: name: Cruz, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FAIR data, NWO, data management policy, Research Data Management, FAIRsFAIR

description: Presentation given at the FAIRsFAIR Roadshow - The Netherlands on 2 March 2021. Main message in this presentation: NWO has embraced FAIR in its grant requirements since 2016. Going beyond mandates, we now wish to recognise and incentivise researchers who practice Open Science.
On PAC-Bayesian reconstruction guarantees for VAEs
Creators: name: Chérief-Abdellatif, Badr-Eddine
name: Shi, Yuyang
name: Doucet, Arnaud
name: Guedj, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Despite its wide use and empirical successes, the theoretical understanding and study of the behaviour and performance of the variational autoencoder (VAE) have only emerged in the past few years. We contribute to this recent line of work by analysing the VAE's reconstruction ability for unseen test data, leveraging arguments from the PAC-Bayes theory. We provide generalisation bounds on the theoretical reconstruction error, and provide insights on the regularisation effect of VAE objectives. We illustrate our theoretical results with supporting experiments on classical benchmark datasets.
description: 14 pages
title: Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis with vascular invasion
Creators: name: Karmazanovsky, Grigory
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Cysts
subject: Parasites
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 65-year-old farmer did not have any complaints. During annual routine abdomen ultrasound, the cystic lesion was revealed in the left hepatic lobe. The contrast-enhanced abdominal CT was indicated to clarify lesion nature. The clinical examination did not find any pathologic changes.

description: 65 years, male
Structural stability of chromophore-grafted Ubiquitin mutants in vacuum
Creators: name: De Santis, Emiliano
name: Caleman, Carl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Supporting files for "Structural stability of chromophore-grafted Ubiquitin mutants in vacuum", by De Santis et al. (2025)

 

This archive contains all input files and parameter sets used in our molecular-dynamics simulations:

 

Modified GROMACS/AMBER force field

Includes the custom parameterization of an ATTO520 chromophore covalently bound to a cysteine residue (residue type labelled “RRR”).

 

Initial coordinate files (.gro)

Starting structures for each mutant system.

 

Topology files (.top)

Combined system and force-field definitions.

 

Simulation parameter files (.mdp)

All GROMACS run parameters used for energy minimization and production.
Additional file 1 of Low muscle mass is an independent risk factor for postoperative blood transfusion in total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study
Creators: name: Hwang, Doohyun
name: Han, Hyuk-Soo
name: Lee, Myung Chul
name: Ro, Du Hyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics of sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients. Supplementary Table 2. Laboratory data of sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients.
title: The phantom menace - a case of a parotid gland tumor.
Creators: name: Markiet, Karolina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: 60-year old female patient, non-smoker, was referred to the Department of Otolaryngology with left parotid gland tumour. The lesion was incidentally found during thyroid ultrasound (surveillance due to hypothyroidism). The patient was asymptomatic.

description: 60 years, female
"You were there but you didn’t have a role to play”: Exploring professional identity formation in clerkship medical students during the COVID19 global crisis
Creators: name: Leung, Marie
name: Stalmeijer, Renee
name: Verstegen, Danielle
name: Taylor, David
name: Maes, Miriam
name: Hastings-Truelove, Amber
name: Dalgarno, Nancy
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background:



Professional identity formation (PIF) is a process by which medical trainees become socialized into their profession by internalizing the characteristics, values and norms of the medical profession.  It can be impacted by catalysts or sentinel events that allow learners to reflect and develop their professional identity.  The role of the COVID19 pandemic as one such sentinel event on medical students’ PIF was explored during their clinical clerkships at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. We sought to understand the experiences of medical clerks during the evolution of this critical period and how impacted their professional identities.



Summary of Work:



Clerkship medical students undergoing their third and fourth year of medical school participated in semi-structured interviews during March 2021-March 2023.  Thirteen participants (n=13) reflected on how their experiences in clerkship during the COVID19 pandemic affected their PIF. Data collection and analysis were iterative. Data analysis followed principles of reflexive thematic analysis and continued until thematic sufficiency was achieved after thirteen interviews.



Summary of Results:



As the COVID19 disrupted the clinical and learning environments, students experienced challenges for socialization and the formation of their professional identity.  Four main themes were identified: (1) isolation from the clinical environment impacting PIF (2) the challenges in providing meaningful contributions as a learner during the pandemic (3) recognizing the realities of working in a burdened healthcare system and (4) discovering new insights into the physician role during times of crisis.



Discussion & Conclusions:



Understanding the factors impacting clinical clerks’ PIF can highlight avenues for educators involved in undergraduate medical education to optimize and debrief students’ experiences in a post-pandemic educational environment.  Furthermore, these findings can also inform reactions to future health care crises in support of learner’s professional identity.



Take Home Message:



This study suggests that being removed from clinical practice and seeing a different side to the healthcare system as well as the physician role, impacted medical students’ PIF. The study provides insight into how to navigate these factors for future, similar sentinel events.
title: Collecting Duct Carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney
Creators: name: Panebianco, Valeria
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Kidney
subject: CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 61-year-old female patient. Presenting signs: haematuria. Risk factors: non-smoker, no family history, non-occupational exposure to amines, recurrent infectious cystitis.

Previous examination: cytology negative for neoplastic cells and cystoscopy negative for masses. 

Past medical history: congenital left-renal aplasia, no concomitant pathologies.

description: 61 years, female
title: Revista Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher, N.º 40 (2018)
Creators: name: Jesus, Isabel Henriques de
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2018

description: Número 40, 2018, da revista Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher, publicado na íntegra em acesso aberto total.
description: Jesus, I. H. de (Dir.) (2018). Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher, (40). ISSN: 0874-6885
title: A case of sarcoidosis with multisystem involvement
Creators: name: Örgüç, Ihsan Şebnem
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Liver
subject: Lung
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 56-year-old female patient presented with lumbar pain.

The patient was followed up with mediastinal, axillar and cervical lymphadenopathies. PET-CT examination reported multiple enlarged lymph nodes, bone and liver lesion with high FDG uptake.

description: 56 years, female
title: Inflammatory pseudotumour of the liver: Magnetic resonance imaging with hepatobiliary contrast media
Creators: name: Bellini, Davide
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 31-year-old woman was admitted to our department as outpatient to perform an MRI of the abdomen complaining of vague abdominal pain in the right flank. The pain was accompanied by a loss of appetite. Past medical history revealed a fever episode lasting 5 days about 1 month ago, treated with paracetamol. Laboratory testing results were normal with the exception of a mild leukocytosis (11,800 cells/mm3). Ultrasound examination revealed no relevant findings.

description: 31 years, woman
title: Necrotising pneumonia
Creators: name: Vella, Stephanie
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 3-year-old girl with no significant past medical history was brought to paediatric emergency in view of a 5-day history of fever, cough and lethargy. On examination she was haemodynamically stable and febrile, with decreased air entry in the left lower lung zone. Blood investigations revealed high inflammatory markers.

description: 3 years, female
title: Renal haemosiderosis: A cause for ‘black’ kidneys on MRI
Creators: name: França, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Kidney
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 37-year-old man with a history of chronic haemolytic anaemia and haematuria was electively admitted to the medicine department for endoscopic band ligation of oesophageal varices. An abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was requested. Non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) was also performed for additional clarification of MRI findings.

description: 37 years, male
Elicitation, basket-making text, gathering around fire story
Creators: name: Bartlett Alcantra, Salome
name: Hillard, Gretchen S.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: poo

description: 41 split, steal, stick; 69 basket-making text; 71 gathering around fire story; 42 talk, think, hate, hit, gather, give birth; 43 come, grind, shout, know, leave, lurk, evidential; 45 bloom, break, buy, cry, yes; 46 name, run, hunt, bring; 47 drink, bie, blow, [?]
Development and evaluation of a climate change curriculum in medical school education: A survey of student knowledge and attitudes
Creators: name: Yamron, Emily
name: Song, Joy
name: Nie, Linda
name: Bumol, Joel
name: Oladimeji Oki
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Development and Evaluation of a Climate Change Curriculum in Medical School Education: Surveying Student Knowledge and Attitudes

Background: Climate change represents a major threat to health. Physicians are trusted sources of information about climate change, but most medical schools lack robust planetary health curricula. Here, we present data evaluating the impact of required coursework on student attitudes and knowledge about climate and health and recommendations for further curricular development.

Summary of Work: This study used a pre/post-survey designed by the Einstein Sustainability Club based on prior research on planetary health curricula to measure attitudes, self-reported knowledge, and objective knowledge of first-year medical students at Albert Einstein College of Medicine before and after students participated in two mandatory sessions about climate justice.

Results: 116 students (63%) completed pre-session surveys and 12 (6.6%) completed pre & post-session surveys. There was a significant difference between pre-session completers and non-completers on one item at baseline: “Humans are responsible for climate change” (p=0.047). Among students who completed pre- and post-session surveys, there were significant increases in student belief that “Albert Einstein College of Medicine’s curriculum has educated me about climate change” (p=0.021), as well as student self assessment items "I can identify issues related to climate change that may affect patients in my community” (p=0.027), “I can have a conversation with a patient about climate change-related issues and how to mitigate their health impacts” (p=0.012), and “I can explain how healthcare systems contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change” (p=0.027).

Discussion and Conclusions: First-year medical students endorsed interest in learning about planetary health and indicated increases in self-assessed knowledge after participating in mandatory coursework. Further curricular development of climate and health resources should center on identifying locally-relevant impacts of climate on health, connecting students to local resources, and communicating with patients about climate change in the clinical setting.

Take Home Message: Medical education in climate and health that centers locally-relevant climate justice issues, resources, and clinical skills such as patient communication improves students’ self-assessed knowledge of planetary health.
title: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Creators: name: Karmazanovsky, Grigory
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 38-year-old woman with complaints of heaviness in the right hypochondrium over the course of 4 months. During the past six months decreased appetite and weight loss (up to 5 kg). A clinical blood test revealed hypochromic anaemia and thrombocytopenia.

description: 38 years, female
Deciphering the mechanism of near-threshold $J/ψ$ photoproduction
Creators: name: Du, Meng-Lin
name: Baru, Vadim
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Hanhart, Christoph
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Nefediev, Alexey
name: Strakovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoproduction of the $J/ψ$ off the proton is believed to deepen our understanding of various physics issues. On the one hand, it is proposed to provide access to the origin of the proton mass, based on the QCD multipole expansion. On the other hand, it can be employed in a study of pentaquark states. The process is usually assumed to proceed through vector-meson dominance, that is the photon couples to a $J/ψ$ which rescatters with the proton to give the $J/ψp$ final state. In this Letter, we provide a compelling hint for and propose measurements necessary to confirm a novel production mechanism via the $Λ_c \bar D^{(*)}$ intermediate states. In particular, there must be cusp structures at the $Λ_c \bar D^{(*)}$ thresholds in the energy dependence of the $J/ψ$ photoproduction cross section. The same mechanism also implies the $J/ψ$-nucleon scattering lengths of order 1 mfm. Given this, one expects only a minor contribution of charm quarks to the nucleon mass.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Associated Photons and New Physics Signals at Linear Colliders
Creators: name: Rai, Santosh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study signals for beyond standard model physics and consider the virtues of single photon signals or associated photons in the final states in identifying different scenarios of new physics models in a very efficient and novel way.
description: Latex2E, 16 pages, 5 eps figures. Invited brief review for Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Robustness of baryon-strangeness correlation and related ratios of susceptibilities
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Swagato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using quenched lattice QCD simulations we investigate the continuum limit of baryon-strangeness correlation and other related conserved charge-flavour correlations for temperatures T_c
description: Published version
Who decides the professional identity of doctors? A visual timeline of how society, industry and regulation have influenced medical education
Creators: name: Loralie Rodrigues
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: This presentation highlights snapshots from history to the present day that have changed the trajectory of how doctors are perceived as professionals, and how this influences the professional identity formation of medical students. Professionalism is often considered in the context of lapses in professional behaviors and fitness to practice concerns, with high profile cases dominating current affairs headlines and skewing society's impression of the medical profession. An over-emphasis of professionalism lapses in the teaching of professionalism in medical education can lead to medical students viewing professionalism as a mandatory and regulated task, rather than situating themselves in the medical community and 'sense-making' as a professional. The dominant influences on professionalism from the late 19th century to the present day are economical, industrial and political factors and in the ideal world these would exist in the periphery of clinical work and be separate from the entrusted patient-doctor relationship. The reality is that these external factors have not only irreversibly changed how the medical profession operates as a system, but also the way in which society, and therefore patients, perceive doctors and the trust they commit to them. This emphasizes the importance for medical students to learn the skills required in professional identity formation so that when external factors inevitably affect their working lives they understand the professional expectations of the medical community and can operate within that framework. Professionalism is a social construct, influenced by the professional narratives of doctors, doctors in their own communities of practice and society as a whole. This is constantly evolving and the medical community varies in the way in which it perceives itself; social media encourages the instant sharing of opinions on working conditions, pay and challenging patient situations, creating micro communities and contributing to a 'hidden curriculum'. Now, perhaps more than ever, professional identity formation is firmly positioned outside of the physical workplace as well as within it. Through understanding the interplay of factors determining how doctors are viewed as professionals, medical students can be better educated about the formation of their own professional narratives and why this is important to the relationship with their future patients.
Crossing the Phantom Divide: Theoretical Implications and Observational Status
Creators: name: Nesseris, S.
name: Perivolaropoulos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the dark energy equation of state parameter w(z) crosses the phantom divide line w=-1 (or equivalently if the expression d(H^2(z))/dz - 3Ω_m H_0^2 (1+z)^2 changes sign) at recent redshifts, then there are two possible cosmological implications: Either the dark energy consists of multiple components with at least one non-canonical phantom component or general relativity needs to be extended to a more general theory on cosmological scales. The former possibility requires the existence of a phantom component which has been shown to suffer from serious theoretical problems and instabilities. Therefore, the later possibility is the simplest realistic theoretical framework in which such a crossing can be realized. After providing a pedagogical description of various dark energy observational probes, we use a set of such probes (including the Gold SnIa sample, the first year SNLS dataset, the 3-year WMAP CMB shift parameter, the SDSS baryon acoustic oscillations peak (BAO), the X-ray gas mass fraction in clusters and the linear growth rate of perturbations at z=0.15 as obtained from the 2dF galaxy redshift survey) to investigate the priors required for cosmological observations to favor crossing of the phantom divide. We find that a low Ω_m prior (0.2
description: Accepted in JCAP (to appear). Comments added, typos corrected. 19 pages (revtex), 8 figures. The numerical analysis files (Mathematica + Fortran) with instructions are available at http://leandros.physics.uoi.gr/pdl-cross/pdl-cross.htm . The ppt file of a relevant talk may be downloaded from http://leandros.physics.uoi.gr/pdl-cross/pdl2006.ppt
title: Benign metastasizing leiomyoma
Creators: name: Ní Leidhin, Caoilfhionn
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 58-year-old woman was referred to our institution for investigation of pulmonary nodules identified on external chest radiograph performed at the time of a road traffic accident. 

description: 58 years, female
Identifying enablers and barriers to sustainability and spread of quality improvement initiatives
Creators: name: Lit, Jed Goh Tze
name: Tng Fang Ying
name:  Ong Ee  Ling
name: Qi, Chiu Li
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: The Clinical Practice Improvement (CPI) program in Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore engages healthcare professionals to improve patient outcomes through the structured application of quality planning tools. This study was conducted to evaluate sustainability and spread of these quality initiatives and identify enablers and barriers to success.



A mixed-methods study was conducted, comprising a preliminary survey of 52 project leaders who had completed their projects between one to four years ago, followed by semi-structured interviews, conducted via purposive sampling, with 19 previous project leaders from a multi-professional background, and who hold key positions in clinical, quality and administrative portfolios in the health system. Verbatim interview transcripts were examined using thematic analysis.



The survey revealed approximately 60% of projects sustained beyond three years. However, only 15% spread beyond the local unit. Data monitoring proved to be a universal challenge over time, with only a third of projects having regular monitoring or periodic audits. Key enablers of project success were classified into seven major themes: systems thinking, robust infrastructure, teaming, hardwiring interventions, demonstrating value, agenda for spread and a culture of continuous improvement.



Study findings are consistent with existing international frameworks. Findings further supplement these frameworks with elements of teaming. Teams from interprofessional backgrounds need to develop shared mental models. Sustainability emphasized succession planning and growing ground champions. A robust infrastructure with a particular focus on sponsorship, mentorship, and the role of a systems integrator was also highlighted.



These are the key elements to sustaining and spreading quality initiatives:

 Interdisciplinary collaboration and systems thinking: the ability to visualize and demonstrate interdependencies, break down silos and align interventions with organizational goals.
 A supportive infrastructure comprising sponsors, mentors, and data frameworks.  
 Intentional teaming, succession planning and fostering a culture of continuous improvement. 
 Value demonstration to stakeholders, including patients. 
 A thoughtful spread agenda which incorporates readiness assessments, early planning for sustainability and contextualization of interventions.
Thin accretion disc with a corona in a central magnetic field
Creators: name: Khajenabi, Fazeleh
name: Shadmehri, Mohsen
name: Dib, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the steady-state structure of an accretion disc with a corona surrounding a central, rotating, magnetized star. We assume that the magneto-rotational instability is the dominant mechanism of angular momentum transport inside the disc and is responsible for producing magnetic tubes above the disc. In our model, a fraction of the dissipated energy inside the disc is transported to the corona via these magnetic tubes. This energy exchange from the disc to the corona which depends on the disc physical properties is modified because of the magnetic interaction between the stellar magnetic field and the accretion disc. According to our fully analytical solutions for such a system, the existence of a corona not only increases the surface density but reduces the temperature of the accretion disc. Also, the presence of a corona enhances the ratio of gas pressure to the total pressure. Our solutions show that when the strength of the magnetic field of the central neutron star is large or the star is rotating fast enough, profiles of the physical variables of the disc significantly modify due to the existence of a corona.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science
Imposter phenomenon among health professionals: A scoping review
Creators: name: Rampersad, Krystal
name: White, Bobbie Ann Adair
name: Sharma, Manoj
name: Montalbano, Michael
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background

The term "imposter phenomenon" (IP) is used to characterize the experience of high-achieving people who, despite their accomplishments, struggle to internalize a feeling of success. They perceive themselves as intellectual frauds, frequently attributing their success to external elements like luck rather than intelligence, and are overly concerned about being exposed as fake. The Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) developed in 1978, was the first instrument used to assess IP. Since then, several other self-report instruments have been developed, such as the Young Impostor Scale (YIS). Nevertheless, no thorough evaluation of the literature has looked at the quality of IP measures. Currently,

there is no “gold standard” for assessing IP for the general population.



Summary of Work

To gauge the impact of IP among health professionals, studies discussing IP among medical students and physicians were reviewed. The authors sought to explore this phenomenon, determine its prevalence, assess the connection between IP and healthcare, and determine if any scales are recommended or preferred.



Summary of Results

A search of four electronic databases yielded 98 articles. Following deduplication, 73 articles underwent screening for eligibility. 34 studies met the criteria for inclusion and further analysis. Two authors extracted and analyzed the data. Seventeen studies used CIPS, while four used the YIS. Five studies published sufficient parameters for quantifying prevalence through CIPS scale assessment.



Discussion and Conclusion

IP is increasingly recognized within healthcare. Recent studies show rates of IP in medical students ranging up to 60%. IP was found to be associated with anxiety and burnout. Varying definitions of IP have led to the development of multiple scales. So far, none of these scales have been validated; however, the most utilized is the CIPS due to its sensitivity and reliability. Most studies were written in the USA, making it difficult to ascertain if IP has cultural connotations that impact some healthcare professionals more

than others. Appropriate use of scales can assess the levels of IP within the healthcare community and determine factors that influence it.



Take Home Message

It is still unclear whether these scales can be appropriately applied to assess IP among healthcare professionals. We intend this to be a starting point to better understand IP.
Neutron star crust in Voigt approximation: general symmetry of the stress-strain tensor and an universal estimate for the effective shear modulus
Creators: name: Chugunov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss elastic properties of neutron star crust in the framework of static Coulomb solid model when atomic nuclei are treated as non-vibrating point charges; electron screening is neglected. The results are also applicable for solidified white dwarf cores and other materials, which can be modeled as Coulomb solids (dusty plasma, trapped ions, etc.). I demonstrate that the Coulomb part of the stress-strain tensor has additional symmetry: contraction $B_{ijil}=0$. It does not depend on the structure (crystalline or amorphous) and composition. I show as a result of this symmetry the effective (Voigt averaged) shear modulus of the polycrystalline or amorphous matter to be equal to $-2/15$ of the Coulomb (Madelung) energy density at undeformed state. This result is general and exact within the model applied. Since the linear mixing rule and the ion sphere model are used, I can suggest a simple universal estimate for the effective shear modulus: $\sum_Z 0.12\, n_Z Z^{5/3}e^2 /a_\mathrm{e}$. Here summation is taken over ion species, $n_Z$ is number density of ions with charge $Ze$. Finally $a_\mathrm{e}=(4 πn_\mathrm{e}/3)^{-1/3}$ is electron sphere radius. Quasineutrality condition $n_\mathrm{e}=\sum_Z Z n_Z$ is assumed.
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS:Letters
Geometric optimization problems with applications to ellipsoidal approximations and quasi-Newton methods
Creators: name: Gurtuna, Filiz
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Mathematics (0405)

description: Our goal in this dissertation is to study some optimization problems with special structure and exploit this structure to obtain additional information that will be useful in the development of numerical methods. In particular, we are interested in geometric optimization problems including ellipsoidal approximations of convex bodies and the ones related to the DFP and BFGS updates in the context of quasi-Newton methods.In the context of ellipsoidal approximations of convex bodies, we treat two problems, namely, finding an ellipsoid of minimum volume containing a convex body (in $\R^n$) and finding an ellipsoid of maximum volume contained in a convex body. We make contributions to this area in various directions. We, first, present a unified and modern presentation of the basic results about these extremal volume ellipsoids. Then, we study the symmetry properties of convex bodies and the associated symmetry properties of their extremal volume ellipsoids. Additionally, we provide exact determination of the extremal volume ellipsoids of some special convex bodies employing our results on their symmetry properties. Finally, we study the duality of the extremal volume ellipsoids and, for this purpose, we also develop the duality of semi--infinite programming.For the geometric optimization problems appearing in the context of quasi-Newton methods, our contributions are twofold, namely, providing simple proofs of some of the existing results and studying, for the first time, the duals of the variational problems for the DFP and BFGS updates.
Escape the normal classroom: Evaluating the learning experience of student organisers in co-creation of a medicolegal themed escape room experience
Creators: name: Tan, Caleb
name: Chng, Alvin Hao Sheng
name: Ng, Min Hui
name: Yee, Ting Hui
name: Kaveen Kumar S/O Suriakumaran
name: Chua, Joo Wei
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background



The escape room (ER) – with its collaborative, experiential and gamified appeal – has gained prominence in recent times as an innovative educational modality. While its impact on participants’ learning is a topic of active research, literature gaps remain on its effect on student organisers (SO). We describe our findings on the learning experience of undergraduate medical SO in the co-creation of a medicolegal themed escape room experience.



Summary of work



3 clinician tutors (CT) and 7 fourth-year undergraduate medical students from the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, organised an ER experience for their contemporaries in July 2022 as a pilot study to evaluate the learning of medicolegal concepts through a team-based ER experience. Findings of the pilot study were shared at AMEE 2023.



Preparation started when SO were taught on the various medicolegal topics by the CT using the same pre-reading materials (articles and videos) shared with the participants. While conceptualisation of the learning content were led by the CT, SO have the autonomy and support in designing the escape room experience, including puzzles which participants needed to solve. Through regular meetings, both CT and SO crafted the storyline appropriate for the desired experience.



Post-activity questionnaires were administered to the SO to assess outcome parameters. Questionnaires were returned anonymously.



Summary of results



Feedback had been positive. Everyone (100%) enjoyed organising the ER and expressed that they can better retain their knowledge through this process. 72% of SO agreed that the organisation of puzzles, props and storyline have enhanced their learning. Everyone agreed that working with their teammates facilitated their learning and the collaboration had enhanced their communication skills and teamwork. Post-activity knowledge scores of the SO were similar to their contemporaries at 11 out of 15 marks.



Discussion and Conclusion



This pilot study demonstrates the viability of a co-creation approach in the design of an educational ER which can bring about positive learning outcomes for the SO. Incorporation of their perspectives through the involvement of SO in the ER design may contribute towards a better learning experience for their contemporaries.



Take home messages



Student involvement in the co-creation of an educational ER can contribute towards a positive learning experience for them.
An implicit kinetic inviscid flux for predicting continuum flows in all speed regimes
Creators: name: Cao, Junzhe
name: Liu, Sha
name: Zhong, Chengwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, the kinetic inviscid flux (KIF) is improved and an implicit strategy is coupled. The recently proposed KIF is a kind of inviscid flux, whose microscopic mechanism makes it good at solving shock waves, with advantages against the shock instability phenomenon. When developing the implicit KIF, a phenomenon is noticed that the kinetic flux vector splitting (KFVS) part in boundary layers not only reduces the accuracy, but seriously reduces the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) number as well. As a result, in this paper, a new weight is proposed about how to combine the KFVS method well with the totally thermalized transport (TTT) method. Besides admitting the using of larger CFL numbers, this new weight brings about more accurate numerical results like pressure, friction coefficient and heat flux when solving shock waves, boundary layers and complex supersonic/hypersonic flows. In order to examine the validity, accuracy and efficiency of the present method, six numerical test cases, covering the whole speed regime, are conducted, including the hypersonic viscous flow past a cylinder, the hypersonic double-cone flow, the hypersonic double-ellipsoid flow, the laminar shock boundary layer interaction, the supersonic flow around a ramp segment and the lid-driven cavity flow. The advantages of this scheme and corresponding mechanisms are to be discussed in detail.
description: 29 pages, 30 figures
A new concept for streamer quenching in resistive plate chambers
Creators: name: Calcaterra, A.
name: de Sangro, R.
name: Mannocchi, G.
name: Patteri, P.
name: Picchi, P.
name: Piccolo, M.
name: Redaelli, N.
name: de Fatis, T. Tabarelli
name: Trinchero, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a new concept for streamer quenching in Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). In our approach, the multiplication process is quenched by the appropriate design of a mechanical structure inserted between the two resistive electrodes. We show that stable performance is achieved with binary gas mixtures based on argon and a small fraction of isobutane. Fluorocarbons, deemed responsible for the degradation of the electrode inner surface of RPC detectors, are thus fully eliminated from the gas mixture. This design {also resulted} in a simplified assembly procedure. Preliminary results obtained with a few prototypes of ``Mechanically Quenched RPCs'' and some prospects for future developments are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Geomagnetic Data Assimilation Using Ensemble Methods to Estimate Forecast Error Covariance
Creators: name: Sun, Zhibin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Geomagnetic Data Assimilation
Ensemble Method
Geodynamo
Geophysics (0373)
Mathematics (0405)
Statistics (0463)

description: Data assimilation is the methodology to assimilate observational data with numerical models for better estimation of the true physical states. This research focuses on application of ensemble estimation of error covariance to assimilate surface geomagnetic data into a numerical geodynamo model, aiming at better understanding the dynamical processes in the Earth's core, and predicting geomagnetic secular variation on decadal time scales and longer. Geomagnetic data assimilation faces problems associated with sparsity of the observations and heavy computation. Surface geomagnetic observation history is very short compared to typical time scales of the core dynamics, and only a small subset of the state variables are observable. It is important therefore to understand whether such sparse observation could impose a sufficiently strong constraint to make the numerical model output closer to the truth. Since, in the ensemble method of data assimilation, large ensembles of experiments need to be carried out with time-dependent covariance to obtain optimal and statistically significant forecast results, the computing load will be at least two orders of magnitude (10^2) more than that for regular numerical dynamo simulation. Therefore selection of a cost-effective algorithm is necessary for a working geomagnetic data assimilation framework. This research directly address these issues. This research can be divided into two parts: (i) Demonstrating a working ensemble estimated multivariate error covariance with a simplified magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system (to get the first-hand knowledge necessary for the full geodynamo system), and (ii) assimilating synthetic data to the full geodynamo model through a series of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE's). In particular, through this research, we wish to understand how the full dynamo state (from numerical model) is affected (or corrected) by limited surface observations, and whether a fixed (in time) covariance could be sufficient to bring forecast closer to the truth. The latter is in particular important for geomagnetic data assimilation: the computational needs could be reduced by one order of magnitude (10^1), if it is sufficient. Research results from the current work suggest that (i) sparse observation could produce a significant constraint on the numerical model to make the forecast closer to the true physical states; (ii) observed physical variables correlate strongly with unobservable fields in the dynamo process, and implementation of the cross-correlation could improve the assimilation system; (iii) dynamo solutions can converge to the surface observations in a very short time period (compared to the magnetic free-decay time), but the convergence of the dynamo solutions in the deep interior requires much longer time periods.
Towards modelling Ghostly DLAs
Creators: name: Laloux, Brivael
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Noûs, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use simple models of the spatial structure of the quasar broad line region (BLR) to investigate the properties of so-called ghostly damped Lyman-α (DLA) systems detected in SDSS data. These absorbers are characterized by the presence of strong metal lines but no Hi Lyman-α trough is seen in the quasar spectrum indicating that, although the region emitting the quasar continuum is covered by an absorbing cloud, the BLR is only partially covered. One of the models has a spherical geometry, another one is the combination of two wind flows whereas the third model is a Keplerian disk. The models can reproduce the typical shape of the quasar Lyman-α emission and different ghostly configurations. We show that the DLA Hi column density can be recovered precisely independently of the BLR model used. The size of the absorbing cloud and its distance to the centre of the AGN are correlated. However it may be possible to disentangle the two using an independent estimate of the radius from the determination of the particle density. Comparison of the model outputs with SDSS data shows that the wind and disk models are more versatile than the spherical one and can be more easily adapted to the observations. For all the systems we derive logN(Hi)(cm^{-2})>20.5. With higher quality data it may be possible to distinguish between the models.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Biondić Špoljar, Iva
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Metastases
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 45-year-old female patient presented with swelling and redness of the left breast. 15 years ago, she underwent cosmetic bilateral breast augmentation. There was no significant medical history. After clinical examination which revealed fluid collection and axillary lymphadenopathy, diagnostic imaging work-up was performed.

description: 45 years, female