cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-driven kinetic energy density fitting for orbital-free DFT: linear vs Gaussian process regression
Creators: name: Manzhos, Sergei
name: Golub, Pavlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of kinetic energy densities (KED) on density-dependent variables that have been suggested in previous works on kinetic energy functionals (KEF) for orbital-free DFT (OF-DFT). We focus on the role of data distribution and on data and regressor selection. We compare unweighted and weighted linear and Gaussian process regressions of KED for light metals and a semiconductor. We find that good quality linear regression resulting in good energy-volume dependence is possible over density-dependent variables suggested in previous literature. This is achieved with weighted fitting based on KED histogram. With Gaussian process regressions, excellent KED fit quality well exceeding that of linear regressions is obtained as well as a good energy-volume dependence which was somewhat better than that of best linear regressions. We find that while the use of the effective potential as a descriptor improves linear KED fitting, it does not improve the quality of the energy-volume dependence with linear regressions but substantially improves it with Gaussian process regression. Gaussian process regression is also able to perform well without data weighting.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
The Lifshitz Transition in d-wave Superconductors
Creators: name: Botelho, S. S.
name: de Melo, C. A. R. Sá
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BCS to BEC evolution has been recently the focus of studies in superconductors and cold atomic gases. For a d-wave system, we show that a Lifshitz transition occurs at a critical particle density which separates two topologically distinct phases: a BCS-like gapless superconductor/superfluid in the higher density limit and a BEC-like fully gapped superconductor/superfluid in the lower density limit. This transition is second order according to Ehrenfest's classification, but it occurs without a change in the symmetry of the order parameter, and thus can not be classified under Landau's scheme. To illustrate the nature of the transition, we compute the compressibility and the superfluid density as functions of particle density.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Wpływ czasu moczenia na teksturę nasion soi
Creators: name: Ślaska-Grzywna, Beata
name: Sagan, Agnieszka
name: Andrejko, Dariusz
name: Kamińska, Agnieszka
name: Starek, Agnieszka
name: Piecak, Anna
name: Masłowski, Andrzej
name: Ślaska-Grzywna, Beata
name: Sagan, Agnieszka
name: Andrejko, Dariusz
name: Kamińska, Agnieszka
name: Starek, Agnieszka
name: Piecak, Anna
name: Masłowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: soybean
subject: soaking
subject: textural properties

description: Changes in textural properties of Polan and Legenda cultivars of soybean seeds resulting from hydrothermal processing were analyzed. The seeds were subjected to treatment consisting of soaking them in water on 20ºC for 120 minutes and were taken out each time and were subjected to compression tests. During the process of soaking a decrease in the values of hardness and chewiness of soybean seeds occurs. Changes in hardness and chewiness of the Polan variety are described by means of the linear function. For every minute the values of hardness dropped by 1.71 N on the average, and of chewiness by 0.3 N. Changes in hardness and chewiness of the seeds Legenda variety were described by means of the exponential function. The coefficients of equations determined here suggest that for every minute there is a 2% reduction in hardness and a 4% reduction in chewiness.
Thermal conductivity of bulk In$_{2}$O$_{3}$ single crystals
Creators: name: Xu, Liangcai
name: Fauqué, Benoit
name: Zhu, Zengwei
name: Galazka, Zbigniew
name: Irmscher, Klaus
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transparent semiconductor In$_{2}$O$_{3}$ is a technologically important material. It combines optical transparency in the visible frequency range and sizeable electric conductivity. We present a study of thermal conductivity of In$_{2}$O$_{3}$ crystals and find that around 20 K, it peaks to a value as high as 5,000 WK$^{-1}$m$^{-1}$, comparable to the peak thermal conductivity in silicon and exceeded only by a handful of insulators. The amplitude of the peak drastically decreases in presence of a type of disorder, which does not simply correlate with the density of mobile electrons. Annealing enhances the ceiling of the phonon mean free path. Samples with the highest thermal conductivity are those annealed in the presence of hydrogen. Above 100 K, thermal conductivity becomes sample independent. In this intrinsic regime, dominated by phonon-phonon scattering, the magnitude of thermal diffusivity, $D$ becomes comparable to many other oxides, and its temperature dependence evolves towards $T^{-1}$. The ratio of $D$ to the square of sound velocity yields a scattering time which obeys the expected scaling with the Planckian time.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Koncepcja inteligentnej specjalizacji w rolnictwie i obszarach wiejskich. Dylematy i wyzwania
Creators: name: Ślusarz, Grzegorz
name: Ślusarz, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agriculture and rural areas
subject: development strategies
subject: smart specializations

description: The aim of the paper is to assess the potential use of smart specializations of the region in stimulating the development of agriculture and rural areas of Podkarpacie. The evaluation is based on the experience resulting from the implementation of strategic objectives, related to agriculture and rural areas, adopted in the strategy for the region from the year 2000. The problems and challenges arising from the previously low efficiency of the implementation of these objectives have been shown. Effective implementation of smart specialization conceptions requires that spatial diversity of the region is taken into account at the operational level of the implementation of strategic objectives. In practice, this will involve a selective access to funding, allowing a diverse potential of individual units to be run successfully.
8661: George and Ambrose Ransome
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: George Ransome, 375 Battery Royal Garrison Artillery.

Ambrose Ransome,
Norfolk Regiment & Berkshire Yeomanry.
title: Regularization of local volatility models
Creators: name: Beck, Martin
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Option pricing
subject: Local volatility model
subject: Levy process
subject: characteristic function

description: Diese Arbeit befasst sich mich der Regularisierung der Dupire Formel für Levy Sprung Prozesse. Genauer gesagt wird eine Vorgehensweise vorgestellt um Optionspreise durch ein lokales Volatilitäts Modell rückzugewinnen. Diese Resultate werden dann im Kou Modell angewendet, und dazu wird eine Darstellung des Optionspreises und einiger Ableitungen hergeleitet. Die gewonnenen Resultate werden dann numerisch implementiert, und die Fuktionalität der Vorgehensweise wird mit Hilfe der Programmiersprache Matlab gezeigt. Weiters werden Probleme aufgezeigt die bei dieser Implementierung auftreten, wie Fehler aus numerischer Integration. Diese Arbeit basiert auf dem Paper "How to make Dupire's formula work with jumps" von Friz, Gerhold und Yor.
description: This thesis studies a regularization technique of Dupire's formula for Levy jump diffusion models. In particular, a procedure is introduced to reobtain the option prices with a local volatility model. These results are applied to Kou's model, and for that purpose representations of the option price surface and some derivatives are stated. The derived results are then implemented numerically, and the functionality of the introduced procedure is proved using the programming language Matlab. Furthermore issues that arise during this implementation are addressed, such as errors stemming from numerical integration. This work is largely based on the paper How to make Dupire's formula work with jumps by Friz, Gerhold and Yor.
D3.5: Full definition and implementation of the protocol, platform and applications
Creators: name: Gonzalez Labrador, Hugo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document describes the state of the protocol, APIs and applications in the ScienceMesh platform. It aims to provide a quick reference to the software repositories and documentation produced so far, as tangible results of the CS3MESH4EOSC Project.
Determinanty zarządzania kredytem handlowym w gospodarstwach rolniczych w opinii rolników
Creators: name: Wasilewski, Mirosław
name: Forfa, Magdalena
name: Wasilewski, Mirosław
name: Forfa, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: cash flow
subject: farms
subject: FA

description: The paper presents the opinions of farmers on the management of commercial credit in relation to cash flow streams. Individual farms from the Podlaskie Voivodeship were the subject of research. Most farmers covered their liabilities immediately. The higher the general balance of cash flow was, the less inclined to cover the liabilities the farmers were. Taking upon the decision of paying back the money, such factors were taken into account by the farmers as the level of income of the farm and the date of receiving the payment. Farmers who had the highest level of the balance of cash flows from operating activities and without financial liquidity, took a subsidized loan or went for an overdraft. When the value of the balance of cash flows from operating activities and final cash rose, farmers were more likely to have problems with financial liquidity. Also, the farmers indicated that they turn the profit into both further expansion and spend money on current expenditures
Activation of the NRF2-mediated phase 2 enzyme response as a prophylactic strategy for treatment of stroke and neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Shih, Andy Yi-An
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) coordinates expression of genes required for free radical scavenging, detoxification of xenobiotics, and maintenance of redox potential. We hypothesized that the multifaceted Nrf2 response was a viable neuroprotective strategy for neurodegeneration and stroke. We initially examined the role of Nrf2 in primary cortical neuron/astrocyte cultures. Nrf2 activity was robust in the astrocytes, but limited in neurons. Augmentation of astrocytic antioxidant capacity using Nrf2 over-expression conferred potent neuroprotection during in vitro toxicity paradigms involving oxidative stress. Nrf2 overexpression coordinated upregulation of many Phase 2 enzymes. In particular, Nrf2-dependent production of astrocyte GSH was both necessary and sufficient for neuroprotection. Activation of endogenous astrocyte Nrf2 by the small molecule antioxidant response element (ARE) inducer, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), also protected against oxidative stress. Nrf2 function was critical for neuroprotection during in vivo neurodegeneration. Nrf2⁻ʹ⁻ mice exhibited hypersensitivity to the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) displaying severe motor deficits and larger striatal lesions than identically treated Nrf2⁺ʹ⁺ and Nrf2⁺ʹ⁻ controls. Dietary supplementation with tBHQ increased brain GSH content and attenuated 3-NP toxicity in Nrf2⁺ʹ⁻ mice, but not Nrf2⁻ʹ⁻. Increased Nrf2 activity alone was sufficient to protect animals from 3-NP toxicity because intrastriatal adenovirus-mediated Nrf2 overexpression reduced lesion size compared to GFP over-expressing controls. Nrf2 activation was also essential for neuroprotection during in vivo cerebral ischemia. Acute pretreatment with tBHQ increased cortical GSH levels and reduced cortical damage and sensorimotor deficit even 1 month after ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Conversely, Nrf2⁻ʹ⁻ mice exhibited larger ischemic infarcts than Nrf2⁺ʹ⁺ controls due to decreased survival of penumbral tissue. Neuronal death caused by an endothelin-1 based "penumbral" model of stroke could be attenuated by tBHQ administration to Nrf2⁺ʹ⁺, but not Nrf2⁻ʹ⁻ mice. We conclude that increased Nrf2 activity is highly neuroprotective in both in vitro and in vivo toxicity paradigms that mimic aspects of neurodegeneration and ischemic injury. Nrf2 pathways may be accessed in vivo by treatment with small molecule inducers through multiple routes of administration, providing an effective prophylactic strategy for combating neuronal death caused by neurodegenerative disease and stroke.
Dynamical quantum phase transition from a critical quantum quench
Creators: name: Ding, Chengxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical quantum phase transition of the critical quantum quench, in which the prequenched Hamiltonian, or the postquenched Hamiltonian, or both of them are set to be the critical points of equilibrium quantum phase transitions, we find half-quantized or unquantized dynamical topological order parameter and dynamical Chern number; these results and also the existence of dynamical quantum phase transition are all closely related to the singularity of the Bogoliubov angle at the gap-closing momentum. The effects of the singularity may also be canceled out if both the prequenched and postquenched Hamiltonians are critical, then the dynamical topological order parameter and dynamical Chern number restore to integer ones. Our findings show that the widely accepted definitions of dynamical topological order parameter and dynamical Chern number are problematic for the critical quenches in the perspective of topology, which call for new definitions of them.
description: 6pages, 6 figues
Gravitational Waves Induced by Scalar Perturbations with a Lognormal Peak
Creators: name: Pi, Shi
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background induced by the primordial scalar perturbation with the spectrum having a lognormal peak of width $Δ$ at $k=k_*$. We derive an analytical formula for the GW spectrum $Ω_\text{GW}$ for both narrow ($Δ\ll1$) and broad ($Δ\gtrsim1$) peaks. In the narrow-peak case, the spectrum has a double peak feature with the sharper peak at $k= 2k_*/\sqrt{3}$. On the infrared (IR) side of the spectrum, we find power-law behavior with a break at $k=k_b$ in the power-law index where it chages from $k^3$ on the far IR side to $k^2$ on the near IR side. We find the ratio of the break frequency to the peak frequency is determined by $Δ$ as $f_b/f_p\approx\sqrt{3}Δ$, where $f_b$ and $f_p$ are the break and peak frequencies, respectively. In the broad-peak case, we find the GW spectrum also has a lognormal peak at $k=k_*$ but with a smaller width of $Δ/\sqrt2$. Using these derived analytic formulae, we also present expressions for the maximum values of $Ω_\text{GW}$ for both narrow and broad cases. Our results will provide a useful tool in searching for the induced GW signals in the coming decades.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Some figures redrawn. References added and reorganized. Accepted for JCAP
PRODUÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS, EXPORTAÇÕES E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA
Creators: name: Melo, Fernando B. Homem
name: Melo, Fernando B. Homem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Duas das funções tradicionalmente definidas para o setor agrícola, ao longo do processo de desenvolvimento econômico, aparecem de forma bastante destacada no quadro atual da economia brasileira. De um lado, a delicada situação do balanço de pagamentos, a partir de 1974, com a crise do petróleo estabelece uma pressão sobre o setor agrícola para a obtenção de crescentes excedentes exportáveis; de outro lado, o debate que se efetuava sobre aspectos distributivos do desenvolvimento do País, a partir dos primeiros resultados do censo de 1970, tomou ímpeto com as dificuldades econômicas, a partir de 1974, e o questionamento do próprio modelo de desenvolvimento até então seguido. Nesse contexto, passou-se a criticar a "excessiva" abertura da economia brasileira, em detrimento de aspectos fundamentais do atendimento do mercado interno, tais como a disponibilidade e preço relativo dos bens mais importantes para a parte da população com menores rendas. Esse quadro retrata a dupla pressão a que está sujeito o setor agrícola brasileiro na presente conjuntura. Enquanto o aumento das exportações agrícolas exige a utilização de recursos produtivos, a evolução dos preços de alimentos no mercado interno passa a ser observada como um indicador da distribuição de renda real. No curto prazo, pelo menos, uma melhoria no desempenho da produção de alimentos deve afetar, através da exigência de recursos, o desempenho do setor agrícola de exportação, em termos de produção e quantidade exportada . Não se pretende apresentar soluções definitivas a um problema bastante complexo e envolvendo questões de natureza política; ao contrário, o objetivo é mais modesto e voltado a uma discussão adicional sobre a agricultura na atual conjuntura e sobre o uso de alguns instrumentos de Política econômica. Assim, este trabalho está dividido em duas partes principais: na primeira, procura-se caracterizar o problema de exportações agrícolas e da distribuição de renda até o momento atual, enquanto que na segunda parte são discutidas rapidamente as opções de política econômica existentes, assim como algumas das dificuldades antevistas.
8659: Private Ezra Hardiman Jewson
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Pte Ezra Hardiman Jewson joined the 2nd Bn Bedfordshire Regiment in November 1915. Ezra was wounded in a gas attack at Le Transloy in October 1916 and discharged from the Army in March 1918.

Ezra was born in 1881 and raised in Terrington St Clements, Norfolk
He survived the war and died in 1977 aged 96.
Cutoff $\rm AdS_3$ versus $\rm T\bar{T}$ $\rm CFT_2$ in the large central charge sector: correlators of energy-momentum tensor
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Zhou, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we probe the proposed holographic duality between $T\bar{T}$ deformed two dimensional conformal field theory and the gravity theory of $\rm AdS_3$ with a Dirichlet cutoff by computing correlators of energy-momentum tensor. We focus on the large central charge sector of the $T\bar{T}$ CFT in a Euclidean plane and in a sphere, and compute the correlators of energy-momentum tensor using an operator identity promoted from the classical trace relation. The result agrees with a computation of classical pure gravity in $\rm AdS_3$ with the corresponding cutoff surface, given a holographic dictionary which identifies gravity parameters with $T\bar{T}$ CFT parameters.
description: Updated May 17: typos corrected, reference list expanded, computation of two point correlators in hyperbolic space added. Updated Aug 26: edited for submission to journal
Baryonic sources using irreducible representations of the double-covered octahedral group
Creators: name: LHP Collaboration
name: Basak, S.
name: Edwards, R.
name: Fiebig, R.
name: Fleming, G. T.
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Morningstar, C.
name: Richards, D.
name: Sato, I.
name: Wallace, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irreducible representations (IRs) of the double-covered octahedral group are used to construct lattice source and sink operators for three-quark baryons. The goal is to achieve a good coupling to higher spin states as well as ground states. Complete sets of local and nonlocal straight-link operators are explicitly shown for isospin 1/2 and 3/2 baryons. The orthogonality relations of the IR operators are confirmed in a quenched lattice simulation.
description: Talk presented at Lattice2004(heavy), Fermilab, June 21-26, 2004, 3 pages
O'ZBEKISTON IQTISODIY RIVOJLANISHIDA KICHIK VA O'RTA KORXONALAR (KOK) ROLI: EKONOMETRIK VA STATISTIK TAHLIL
Creators: name: Rahmonqulova, Komila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur ilmiy ishda kichik va o‘rta korxonalar (KOK) ning O‘zbekiston iqtisodiy o‘sishidagi roli hamda ularning iqtisodiy rivojlanishga qo‘shgan hissasi chuqur ekonometrik va statistik tahlil asosida o‘rganiladi. Bu korxonalar iqtisodiy o‘sish, bandlik, va investitsiya jarayonlariga bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekistonning 2010-2023 yillardagi KOK faoliyati va iqtisodiy ko‘rsatkichlari o‘rganilib, ularning iqtisodiy rivojlanishdagi mavqeini aniqlash uchun keng ko‘lamli statistik tahlillar amalga oshiriladi.
Functional genomics of plant chitinase-like genes
Creators: name: Johnston, David Morris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Arabidopsis chitinase-like1 (Atctl1) mutant, pom1 is compromised in primary cell wall development, resulting in short roots when grown on high sucrose and shortened hypocotyls when grown in darkness. To better understand this phenotype and the evolution of AtCTL1 and its homologue, AtCTL2, we obtained a large number of CTL sequences and determined the phylogenetic relationships among them. Since microarray analysis had suggested a change in auxin response or homeostasis in pom1, I used the auxin reporter DR5::GUS in the pom1 background to assess changes in distribution. To assess whether the biochemical functions of AtCTL1 homologues in Arabidopsis and other plants are conserved, I transformed pom1 with AtCTL2 and CTLs from poplar (Populus trichocarpa x Populus deltoides clone H-11) and from Picea glauca (spruce) and assessed rescue of the pom1 phenotype. To further understand CTL expression and function, Arabidopsis and poplar CTL promoter::GUS fusions were also expressed in Arabidopsis, PopCTL1 overexpressed in Arabidopsis, and CTL expression down regulated in poplar by RNAi. Our results indicate that CTL genes represent an ancient family encoding proteins of conserved biochemical function. In dicots, represented by Arabidopsis and poplar) duplicated CTL genes are differentially expressed in conjunction with primary and secondary cell wall development, respectively. Mutation of these genes results in improperly formed primary walls in certain cell types in the case of AtCTL1, and an impairment in the differentiation of vascular bundles for AtCTL2. Overexpression of PopCTL1 in Arabidopsis seems to over stimulate the differentiation of vascular bundles, and our studies show that auxin distribution is altered in the Atctl1 mutant. Down regulation of PopCTL1 and PopCTL2 in poplar appears to phenocopy aspects of these mutations, resulting in secondary cell walls that appear to have less deposition of lignin and an accelerated production of secondary xylem respectively. While specific biochemical function(s) of CTL genes were not studied, potential functions are discussed.
Atomic line defects and zero-energy end states in monolayer Fe(Te,Se) high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Liu, Chaofei
name: Liu, Yi
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana zero-energy bound states (ZEBSs) have been proposed to exist at the ends of one-dimensional Rashba nanowires proximity-coupled to an s-wave superconductor in an external magnetic field induced Zeeman field. Such hybrid structures have been a central platform in the search for non-Abelian Majorana zero modes (MZMs) toward fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Here we report the discovery of ZEBSs simultaneously appearing at each end of a one-dimensional atomic line defect in monolayer iron-based high-temperature superconductor FeTe0.5Se0.5 films grown on SrTiO3(001) substrates. The spectroscopic properties of the ZEBSs, including the temperature and tunneling barrier dependences, as well as their fusion induced by coupling on line defects of different lengths are found to be robust and consistent with those of the MZMs. These observations suggest a realization of topological Shockley defects at the ends of an atomic line defect in a two-dimensional s-wave superconductor that can host a Kramers pair of MZMs protected by time-reversal symmetry along the chain. Our findings reveal an unprecedented class of topological line defect excitations in two-dimensional superconductor FeTe0.5Se0.5 monolayer films and offer an advantageous platform for generating topological zero-energy excitations at higher operating temperatures, in a single material, and under zero external magnetic field.
description: The final version of the manuscript can be found in Nature Physics
Filling the Bose sea: symmetric quantum Hall edge states and affine characters
Creators: name: Ardonne, Eddy
name: Kedem, Rinat
name: Stone, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore the structure of the bosonic analogues of the $k$-clustered ``parafermion'' quantum Hall states. We show how the many-boson wave functions of $k$-clustered quantum Hall droplets appear naturally as matrix elements of ladder operators in integrable representations of the affine Lie algebra $\hat{su}(2)_k$. Using results of Feigin and Stoyanovsky, we count the dimensions of spaces of symmetric polynomials with given $k$-clustering properties and show that as the droplet size grows the partition function of its edge excitations evolves into the character of the representation. This confirms that the Hilbert space of edge states coincides with the representation space of the $\hat{su}(2)_k$ edge-current algebra. We also show that a spin-singlet, two-component $k$-clustered boson fluid is similarly related to integrable representations of $\hat{su}(3)$. Parafermions are not necessary for these constructions.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
title: Quality measurement on 3D ultrasound volumes reconstructed from 2D slices and its application in radiation therapy
Creators: name: Kerschner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: Radiation Therapy
subject: 3D Reconstruction
subject: 2D Slices
subject: Image Registration
subject: Quality Measurement

description: Radiation therapy relies on exact patient positioning to spare organs at risk and thus be able to deliver higher and more effective radiation doses with fewer side effects to surrounding tissue. Thereby it is also possible to apply better dose distribution on the tumor. There are several methods available for patient positioning, which are discussed, but most of them imply additional radiation dose for the patient. There are also systems on the market which rely on ultrasound as imaging modality. As the system should be used to align patients suffering from soft tissue cancer for example in the region of the prostate, the advantage is the good contrast of soft tissue compared to systems using X-ray. This short overview suggests a new 3D ultrasound reconstructed from 2D ultrasound image slices. To use such a method several tools are of need which are presented and discussed. A tracker device tracks the position of the ultrasound probe during image acquisition. Thereby, by ultrasound calibration, the transformation between the probe sensor and the recorded image can be calculated. Therefore a software is used which performs calibration, recording of the images as well as reconstruction of the 3D volume out of the recorded 2D images. After reconstruction it is compared which of the US systems is better in quality and accuracy, the reconstructed 3D ultrasound or the classical 3D ultrasound. This is of importance for patient positioning as then the better method can be used. There are several ways to perform such a comparison. One of the most promising for the underlying application is 3D/3D ultrasound image registration. This is done via comparison of two separate recorded and reconstructed image volumes. Registration tries to align two images that way that both images, when possible, exactly overly and are congruent. Image registration then gives a transformation matrix which contains the translation and rotation of one image compared to the other. Out of this it is concluded which of the two systems is better in quality and thus more accurate. For comparison two different datasets where used. Results show an overall lower quality of reconstructed image volumes compared to general 3D ultrasound devices when using patient data. Using a figure phantom show better results but quality in terms of accuracy still remains behind general 3D ultrasound machines. Thus applicability in image-guided radiation therapy cannot be recommended as when using it patient positioning would be too inaccurate.
Spacecraft Tracking with the SKA
Creators: name: Jones, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of using the SKA for occasional support of scientific space missions should be considered, along with all other science goals, in the design of the array. The benefits of higher data rates from distant spacecraft during high priority, short duration mission phases can be dramatic, while the technical requirements on the SKA to allow this capability are very few. The most fundamental requirement is coverage of the primary downlink frequencies for deep space missions. Additional benefits can result from real-time high precision angular position measurements of spacecraft. Such measurements allow spacecraft navigation with reduced errors and reduced risk, but require at least some long (thousands of km) baselines.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in "Science with the Square Kilometer Array", eds. C. Carilli and S. Rawlings, New Astronomy Reviews (Elsevier: Amsterdam)
Non-unitary dynamics of Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev chain
Creators: name: Liu, Chunxiao
name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Chen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a series of one-dimensional non-unitary dynamics consisting of both unitary and imaginary evolutions based on the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. Starting from a short-range entangled state, we analyze the entanglement dynamics using the path integral formalism in the large $N$ limit. Among all the results that we obtain, two of them are particularly interesting: (1) By varying the strength of the imaginary evolution, the interacting model exhibits a first order phase transition from the highly entangled volume law phase to an area law phase; (2) The one-dimensional free fermion model displays an extensive critical regime with emergent two-dimensional conformal symmetry.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
MODELO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRO
Creators: name: Delgad, Guilherme C.
name: Delgad, Guilherme C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Para que se identifique uma estratégia de desenvolvimento econômico e sua projeção na atividade agropecuária, o ponto de partida essencial é a decomposição do setor agrícola, em termos de certas características diferenciadoras. Essa decomposição, que estaticamente revela algumas categorias empresariais heterogêneas, é a matriz a partir da qual se podem analisar, objetivamente, as relações socioeconômicas intra e intersetoriais no processo de desenvolvimento. Partindo-se esquematicamente de um corte histórico na composição atual do setor agrícola brasileiro, podem se estabelecer algumas caracterizações que descrevem a diversidade estrutural dos segmentos empresariais do setor rural. O Quadro 1 apresenta de forma esquemática algumas características diferenciadoras de três segmentos do setor agrícola. Esse pano de fundo inicial, embora ainda colocado somente de forma descritiva, é um ponto de partida que antecipa o caráter heterogêneo ao invés de uniforme do setor agrícola. As denominações de "subsetor moderno", "subsetor arcaico" e "subsetor de fronteira agrícola" do Quadro l apresentam até certo ponto uma ambiguidade ideológica, porquanto podem suscitar juízos de valor sobre um implícito padrão desejável de desenvolvimento agrícola. Essa aparência, contudo, não se manterá quando se analisar a estratégia do desenvolvimento agropecuário e seu impacto diferenciado sobre os diversos segmentos da agricultura. Nessa abordagem, que é o passo seguinte do trabalho, passa-se do caráter descritivo do setor agrícola para a análise do papel desses subsetores no processo recente de crescimento da agropecuária, enfatizando o impacto diferenciador das políticas econômicas para ela voltadas.
4064: James Taylor, Royal Marines
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: James Taylor served in the Royal Marines as a WO1 bandmaster and was killed in action at the Battle of Jutland.
THE “GUT GAME”: AN ACTIVE METHODOLOGY TO TEACH DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Creators: name: Campos, Rafael De
name: Victória Viero
name: Medeiros, Natascha
name: Marcondes, Fernanda Klein
name: Montrezor, Luís Henrique
name: Porawski, Marilene
name: Gutierrez, Lucila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The “Gut Game” is a board game about digestive physiology developed to support the content presented in traditional lecture-based classes in an undergraduate environment. This file contains the board, cards template, pieces to represent players and a collection of 80 questions used in our classes (right answers are in bold). The readers are welcomed to use and modify this tool according to their needs provided that they give credit to the authors. Please refer to the published article for detailed information on how to play the game.
Color Superconductivity at Moderate Baryon Density
Creators: name: Huang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article focuses on the two-flavor color superconducting phase at moderate baryon density. In order to simultaneously investigate the chiral phase transition and the color superconducting phase transition, the Nambu-Gorkov formalism is extended to treat the quark-antiquark and diquark condensates on an equal footing. The competition between the chiral condensate and the diquark condensate is analyzed. The cold dense charge neutral two-flavor quark system is investigated in detail. Under the local charge neutrality condition, the ground state of two-flavor quark matter is sensitive to the coupling strength in the diquark channel. When the diquark coupling strength is around the value obtained from the Fierz transformation or from fitting the vacuum bayron mass, the ground state of charge neutral two-flavor quark matter is in a thermal stable gapless 2SC (g2SC) phase. The unusual properties at zero as well as nonzero temperatures and the chromomagnetic properties of the g2SC phase are reviewed. Under the global charge neutrality condition, assuming the surface tension is negligible, the mixed phase composed of the regular 2SC phase and normal quark matter is more favorable than the g2SC phase. A hybrid nonstrange neutron star is constructed.
description: 62 pages, 18 figures, references added, the revised version will appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. E
8658: James and William Taylor
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: James Taylor served in the Royal Marines as a bandmaster. He was killed in action at the Battle of Jutland. KIA 31 May 1916, HMS Queen Mary, Battle of Jutland.

William Taylor (brother of James) served in the Royal Navy prior to the war. However, he served in the Royal Artillery during the war.
title: Significance of the spinal curvature in human transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation : a computer modeling study
Creators: name: Müllner-Rieder, Markus
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: spinal cord
subject: simulation
subject: stimulation

description: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to augment gait and reduce spasticity in individuals with spinal cord injury. There are 2 common methods of SCS: epidural SCS, which uses implanted electrodes, and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS), which uses surface electrodes. tSCS is able to stimulate the same neural structures as epidural SCS and was used in multiple studies. These studies used different body positions during stimulation, which showed varying effectiveness in the results. One reason could be the curvature of the spine. Vertebrae have a low conductivity compared to the surrounding tissue, therefore if they move they change the current flow through the spinal canal, which can change the effectiveness of the stimulation. In this thesis, I studied the effect of spinal curvature onto the effectiveness of tSCS using a computer model. A two-step approach was used. First, the potential distribution generated by the stimulation was calculated in the human torso using a volume conductor model. Then the potential is evaluated along nerve fiber trajectories and used as the input for a nerve fiber model. This mathematical model calculates the excitation threshold and the position where an action-potential would occur. This is done for 3 different positions: leaning forward, upright and leaning backward. As geometry, a model of a human torso was created with all anatomical aspects needed for a measurement of the biophysical and neuro-physiological processes in the proximity of the spinal cord. The results show that the current flow spreads up and down when leaning forward, but is more focused downward when being upright or leaning backward. The absolute potential in the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) is highest when leaning forward and lowest when leaning backward. This does not affect the excitation thresholds, which are overall higher when leaning forward. It is possible to partially compensate these high thresholds by moving the back electrodes cranial. Compared to other computational studies the results for the upright position are in the same range, therefore the model and the used parameters are adequate. The results suggest that the worst position is leaning forward and the best position is leaning backward, although there is only a small difference between leaning backward and being upright. The position greatly influences the effectiveness of tSCS and should always be taken into account when using it.
QUESTÕES SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO TECNOLÓGICO DA AGRICULTURA BRASILEIRA
Creators: name: Vilas, Andrês Troncoso
name: Vilas, Andrês Troncoso
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Neste trabalho, são apresentadas algumas questões consideradas fundamentais sobre o desenvolvimento tecnológico da agricultura. Estas questões estão relacionadas aos seguintes tópicos: (1) Geração de Tecnologia; (2) Transferência de Tecnologia; (3) Inflação e Tecnologia.
Hot Electron Dynamics in Ultrafast Multilayer Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterial
Creators: name: Rashed, Alireza R.
name: Yildiz, Bilge Can
name: Ayyagari, Surya R.
name: Caglayan, Humeyra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing remarkable tunability in optical properties without sacrificing speed is critical to obtain all optical ultrafast devices. In this work, we investigate the ultrafast temporal behavior of optically tunable epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials, operating in the visible spectral range. To perform this the ultrafast dynamics of the hot electrons is acquired by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy and studied based on two-temperature model (2TM). We show that pumping with femtosecond pulses changes the effective permittivity of the metamaterial more than 400 %. This significant modulation is more pronounced in ENZ region and we confirm this by the 2TM. The realized ultrafast modulation in effective permittivity, along with the ultrashort relaxation time of 3.3 ps, opens a new avenue towards ultrafast photonic applications.
description: 5 figures
Механізм оподаткування в системі державної підтримки сільськогосподарських товаровиробників
Taxation mechanism in the system of state support of agricultural producers
Creators: name: Mazur, N.
name: Mazur, N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: taxation
subject: mechanism
subject: system tools
subject: financial support agricultural producers

description: Reforming the tax mechanism in agriculture should include not only the optimal size of the tax burden, but also responsible for the structure of payments and fiscal instruments applicable level of economic development of Ukraine in general and agriculture in particular. In the light of current integration processes in reforming the national system of taxation should be based on the fact that one of the basic principles of the WTO is no tax discrimination. This includes ensuring that national tax regime, in which imported goods granted the same tax conditions as domestic products. The article further scientific substantiation of directions of the national system of state support for agricultural producers, in particular through the mechanism of taxation. The reform of state aid involves creating comfortable conditions for small farms and stimulate production of products with added value. The main principles of state support should be targeted and transparency.
Spin Splitting in GaAs (100) Two-Dimensional Holes
Creators: name: Habib, B.
name: Tutuc, E.
name: Melinte, S.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Wasserman, D.
name: Lyon, S. A.
name: Winkler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations in GaAs (100) two-dimensional holes to determine the inversion asymmetry-induced spin splitting. The Fourier spectrum of the SdH oscillations contains two peaks, at frequencies $f_-$ and $f_+$, that correspond to the hole densities of the two spin subbands and a peak, at frequency $f_\mathrm{tot}$, corresponding to the total hole density. In addition, the spectrum exhibits an anomalous peak at $f_\mathrm{tot}/2$. We also determined the effective masses of the two spin subbands by finding the inverse transform of the Fourier spectrum in the vicinity of $f_-$ and $f_+$, and then analyzing the temperature dependence of the SdH oscillations for each subband. We discuss our results in light of self-consistent calculations and previous experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Європейська модель інвестиційного забезпечення політики сільського розвитку
European model of the investment support of rural development policy
Creators: name: Prokopchuk, О.
name: Usyuk, T.
name: Prokopchuk, О.
name: Usyuk, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: european experience
subject: investment
subject: investment support
subject: investment initiative
subject: rural development policy
subject: rural areas
subject: rural financial infrastructure

description: The article summarized the European experience of the investment support of rural development policy. Detailed development goals and described strategic directions of investment activity in rural areas. Defined, that the investment activity is a way to maximize the social, economic and environmental effects of the «Europe 2020» strategy implementation. The authors consider inclusive policy implementation of rural areas as important direction of investment activity. Proved that the priorities of investment policy of rural development support of member states of the EU is in promotion of social integration, the rural economy development, the poverty eradication and the innovative communication technologies implementation. Also, the article analyzes the dynamics of financial flows, especially their distribution and use in member states of the EU in the scope of the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development. The authors evaluated the institutional framework of investment support for rural development of Ukraine and defined the ways of rural financial infrastructure development.
Running gravitational couplings, decoupling, and curved spacetime renormalization
Creators: name: Ferreiro, Antonio
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to slightly generalize the DeWitt-Schwinger adiabatic renormalization subtractions in curved space to include an arbitrary renormalization mass scale $μ$. The new predicted running for the gravitational couplings are fully consistent with decoupling of heavy massive fields. This is a somewhat improvement with respect to the more standard treatment of minimal (DeWitt-Schwinger) subtractions via dimensional regularization. We also show how the vacuum metamorphosis model emerges from the running couplings.
description: Some points clarified, misprints corrected; to appear in Phys. Rev. D