cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-conjugate $t$-core partitions and applications
Creators: name: Dawsey, Madeline Locus
name: Sharp, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 05A17, Secondary: 11P81, 11P99, 11E41

description: Partition theory abounds with bijections between different types of partitions. One of the most famous partition bijections maps each self-conjugate partition of a positive integer $n$ to a partition of $n$ into distinct odd parts, and vice versa. Here we prove new necessary and sufficient conditions for a self-conjugate partition to be $t$-core, in terms of only the parts of the corresponding partition into distinct odd parts, by proving a new hook length formula. Corollaries of these results include new applications of $t$-core self-conjugate partitions to subsets of the natural numbers, due to the recent investigation of a new partition statistic called the supernorm by the first author, Just, and Schneider, as well as many results on $t$-cores by Bringmann, Kane, Males, Ono, Raji, and others. We provide several examples of these applications, one of which gives a new formula for certain families of Hurwitz class numbers.
description: 15 pages, accepted for publication in Australasian Journal of Combinatorics
153 Briefe, 7 Beilagen an [Johann Caspar] Lavater
Creators: name: Goens, Rijklof Michaël van
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1783

description: von [Rijklof Michael] van Goens
description: Davon 6 Briefe undatiert (Nr. 31, 33, 34, 35, 69 und 123), Nr. 31 nur als Bruchstück erhalten, Jahr aus Erwähnung der Heirat Anna Lavaters erschlossen, Nr. 33 und 34 fragmentarisch, bei Nr. 123 Monat und Jahr aus eingangs erwähntem und datiertem Briefzitat erschlossen; 1 Brief ohne Monat und versehentlich auf das vorhergehende Jahr datiert, Monat und Jahr aus Briefinhalt und Wochentag erschlossen (Nr. 32); 1 Brief ohne Jahr (Nr. 63); 1 Brief undatiert, nur Monat und Jahr des Empfangs vorhanden (Nr. 49)
description: Davon 2 Briefe mit Auszügen aus Briefen von Mlle de Ferrette (Frau von Pfirth) (Nr. 35 und 111); 1 Brief mit Auszügen aus Briefen von und an (Andreas?) Buxtorf (Nr. 44); dabei 2 Kopien von Briefen an Madame la Princesse (vrmtl. Prinzessin Dorothea von Württemberg, spätere Herzogin, 1736-1798), dat. 23.12.1791 (Nr. 95a) und 20.1.1792 (Nr. 96a)
description: Davon 1 Brief mit Anmerkungen von Lavaters Hand (Nr. 151); 1 Brief mit eigenhändiger Notiz Lavaters (Nr. 118)
description: Davon 1 Brief mit Abschrift von Johann Gottfried Herders "Der Bettler", ein Gespräch, aus: Zerstreute Blätter (Fünfte Sammlung), 1793, S. 135-137 (Nr. 164)
description: Brief vom 22.2.1791 besteht ausschliesslich aus Auszügen aus den Werken von E. Swedenborg (Nr. 55)
description: 7 Beilagen:  Pensées chrétiennes (Nr. 40a), Fragen (Nr. 40b),  "Problèmes & cas de conscience, adressés à L. pour proposer à r[é]pondre à C.", dat. 12.5.1793 (Nr. 149), Oratio de M.A., dat. 20.2.1791 (Nr. 185), Geschichte Jesu für kleine Kinder (Nr. 186), Oratio Christiana Universalis (Nr. 187), Nathanael, dat. 10.1794 (Nr. 188)
Non-equilibrium fluctuations and nonlinear response of an active bath
Creators: name: Seyforth, Hunter
name: Gomez, Mauricio
name: Rogers, W. Benjamin
name: Ross, Jennifer L.
name: Ahmed, Wylie W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of a passive colloidal probe immersed in an active bath using an optical trap to study three physical processes: (1) the non-equilibrium fluctuations transferred to the probe by the active bath, (2) the friction experienced by the probe as it is driven through the active bath, and (3) the force relaxation of the probe returning to its equilibrium position. We measure the local force dynamics where all of the following characteristics are of $\mathcal{O}(1)$: the size of the probe colloid relative to active bath particle; the size of the probe colloid relative to the characteristic run-length of an active particle; and the timescale of probe movement to the persistence time of an active particle. We find at Péclet (Pe) $\ll 1$ the active suspension exhibits shear thinning down to the solvent viscosity (but not below); at $0.85 <$ Pe $\leq 5.1$ the active bath shear thickens; and at Pe $\geq 8.5$ the effective viscosity of the active bath shows a decreased effect of thickening and plateaus. These results are in agreement with recent modeling and simulations of the nonlinear rheology of an isotropic active bath, providing experimental verification, and suggesting the model predictions extends to moderately dense suspensions. Further, we observe that the distribution of force fluctuations depends on Pe, unlike in passive equilibrium baths. Lastly, we measure the energy transfer rate from the active bath to the probe to be $\langle J \rangle \approx 10^3$ $k_B T/$s, which leads to an increase in the effective diffusion of the probe by a factor of $\sim 2$.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Perturbation theory models for LSST-era galaxy clustering: tests with sub-percent mock catalog measurements in Fourier and configuration space
Creators: name: Goldstein, Samuel
name: Pandey, Shivam
name: Slosar, Anže
name: Blazek, Jonathan
name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the clustering of galaxies using the z=1.006 snapshot of the CosmoDC2 simulation, a high-fidelity synthetic galaxy catalog designed to validate analysis methods for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We present sub-percent measurements of the galaxy auto-correlation and galaxy-dark matter cross correlations in Fourier space and configuration space for a magnitude-limited galaxy sample. At these levels of precision, the statistical errors of the measurement are comparable to the systematic effects present in the simulation and measurement procedure; nevertheless, using a hybrid-PT model, we are able to model non-linear galaxy bias with 0.5% precision up to scales of $k_{\rm max}= 0.5 \ h/{\rm Mpc}$ and $r_{\rm min}= 4 \ {\rm Mpc}/h$. While the linear bias parameter is measured with 0.01% precision, other bias parameters are determined with considerably weaker constraints and sometimes bimodal posterior distributions. We compare our fiducial model with lower dimensional models where the higher-order bias parameters are fixed at their co-evolution values and find that leaving these parameters free provides significant improvements in our ability to model small scale information. We also compare bias parameters for galaxy samples defined using different magnitude bands and find agreement between samples containing equal numbers of galaxies. Finally, we compare bias parameters between Fourier space and configuration space and find moderate tension between the two approaches. Although our model is often unable to fit the CosmoDC2 galaxy samples within the 0.1% precision of our measurements, our results suggest that the hybrid-PT model used in this analysis is capable of modeling non-linear galaxy bias within the percent level precision needed for upcoming galaxy surveys.
Don't Generate Me: Training Differentially Private Generative Models with Sinkhorn Divergence
Creators: name: Cao, Tianshi
name: Bie, Alex
name: Vahdat, Arash
name: Fidler, Sanja
name: Kreis, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although machine learning models trained on massive data have led to break-throughs in several areas, their deployment in privacy-sensitive domains remains limited due to restricted access to data. Generative models trained with privacy constraints on private data can sidestep this challenge, providing indirect access to private data instead. We propose DP-Sinkhorn, a novel optimal transport-based generative method for learning data distributions from private data with differential privacy. DP-Sinkhorn minimizes the Sinkhorn divergence, a computationally efficient approximation to the exact optimal transport distance, between the model and data in a differentially private manner and uses a novel technique for control-ling the bias-variance trade-off of gradient estimates. Unlike existing approaches for training differentially private generative models, which are mostly based on generative adversarial networks, we do not rely on adversarial objectives, which are notoriously difficult to optimize, especially in the presence of noise imposed by privacy constraints. Hence, DP-Sinkhorn is easy to train and deploy. Experimentally, we improve upon the state-of-the-art on multiple image modeling benchmarks and show differentially private synthesis of informative RGB images. Project page:https://nv-tlabs.github.io/DP-Sinkhorn.
description: Accepted to NeurIPS 2021. 13 pages, 7 pages of supplementary; 6 tables, 8 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung L-Nr. 2527.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.11.1947, erstellt als Beobachtung im Projektionsverfahren Nr. 929 von Karl Rapp in Locarno-Monti
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1947

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund weiterer auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Instrument: Merz-Refraktor mit 13.5 cm Öffnung und 195 cm Brennweite, vereinzelt andere Instrumente wie Tel. 88x; Sonnenbild D = 25 cm. - Auf der Zeichnung wird zum Teil das Instrument vermerkt bzw. die Zählung der Beobachtungen im Projektionsverfahren fortgesetzt. Sporadisch sind Resultate mehrerer Aufnahmen pro Tag aufgelistet. Zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung sind die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Zeichnung aus der Zeit der Beobachtertätigkeit von Ing. Karl Rapp als Privat-Astronom, die er seit den Neunzehnvierziger Jahren für die Eidgenössische Sternwarte Zürich ausführte. Aus den ersten zwei Jahren der freiwilligen Mitarbeit sind nur einzelne Stücke überliefert. Erst zwei Jahre später ist jeweils eine ergänzende Serie in Zürich aufbewahrt worden. Nochmals fünf Jahre später arbeitete Karl Rapp neu auf vertraglicher Basis weiter mit, bis schliesslich nach einem weiteren Jahrzehnt die permanente Beobachtungsstation in Locarno-Monti geschaffen wurde, welche an die langjährige Serie von Karl Rapp anknüpfte
Aspidiobates aethes Harvey & Cook 1988
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Aspidiobates
Aspidiobates aethes

description: Aspidiobates aethes Harvey & Cook, 1988
Material examined. Victoria. 3/1/0, Moleside Creek, Lower Glenelg NP, 38°04.336 S 141°17.507 E, alt. 25 m asl, 3-iv-2008; 11/11/0, Ovens River East Branch, Harrietville, 36°53.563 S 147°03.965 E, alt. 516 m asl, 10-iii-2008. New South Wales. 11/2/0, Diehard Creek, Mann River Nature Reserve, 29°40.528 S 152°05.282 E, alt. 585 m asl, 21-xi-2003; 4/1/0, Yarrangobilly River near Thermal Pool, Mt Kosciuszko NP, 35°43.899 S 148°29.091 E, alt. 910 m asl, 9-xii-2003; 2/0/0, Sugarloaf Creek at crossing with Misty Mountain Road, Monga NP, 35°33’44,70” S 150°0’48,61” E, 15-xii-2003; 1/0/0, Carters Creek at crossing with Western Distributor Road, 35°30.914 S 150°03.546 E, alt. 187 m asl, 16-xii-2003; 1/0/0, Minnemurra River, Minnemurra Rainforest, 34°38.183 S 150°43.272 E, 18-xii-2003.
Remarks. Previously known only from Victoria, and here reported for the first time from New South Wales.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2019, The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species, pp. 115-122 in Zootaxa 4550 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2625171
Lehrvertrag zwischen der Seidenbandfabrikationsfirma Frey, Thurneysen und Christ und Jakob Wilhelm Pfister-Kunz, nachmals Prokurist der Firma
Creators: name: Thurneysen & Cie
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1868

description: Darin: Beilage
description: Nachträge von 1871-1908
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 2014 ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Sebastian Preher
Microgale jobihely Goodman et al. 2006
Creators: name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
name: Wilson, Don E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Afrosoricida
Tenrecidae
Microgale
Microgale jobihely

description: 29. Dark Shrew Tenrec Microgalejobihely French: Microgale de Tsaratanana / German: Dunkler Kleintenrek / Spanish: Tenrec musarafna oscura Other common names: Northern Shrew Tenrec Taxonomy. Microgale jobihely Goodman et al., 2006, “Madagascar: Province de Ma- hajanga (Massif de Tsaratanana), forét du lac Matsaborimena, 4 km N de Bema- nevika village, 14°19-859’S, 48°35-240’E, 1600-1680 m.” Microgale jobihely is known from disjunct populations that have morphometric and morphological differences. It forms a clade with M. cowani. Monotypic. Distribution. Known from two sites on the SW slopes of the Tsaratanana Massif, NW Madagascar, and from Analamay and Ambatovy forests, Ambatovy region, E Madagascar. Descriptive notes. Head—body 53-80 mm, tail 44-57 mm, ear 12-14 mm, hindfoot 12-14 mm; weight 7-10 g. Tail of the Dark Shrew Tenrec is 60-90% of head-body length. Dorsal pelage is dense and soft, a mix of black and dark reddish-brown hairs or black-tipped reddish-brown hair, giving an agouti appearance. Ventral pelage hasfiner texture than dorsal pelage and is paler, a mix of tannish brown and grayish brown hairs with distinctly gray bases. There is lateral gradation in color between dorsal and ventral pelage. Tail is dark brown above and dark tannish brown below. Habitat. Relatively undisturbed to slightly disturbed dense humid forests at elevations of 1000-1680 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Dark Shrew Tenrecs are presumably terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Dark Shrew Tenrec is known from two broadly disjunct populations in northern and eastern Madagascar, with area of occupancy of only 282 km? Population trends are unknown. [tis threatened by habitat loss and degradation including human disturbance offorest and mining activities. Bibliography. Everson et al. (2016), Goodman, Raxworthy et al. (2006), Goodman, Soarimalala et al. (2013), Soarimalala & Goodman (2003, 2011), Soarimalala et al. (2010), Stephenson etal. (2016y).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson, 2018, Tenrecidae, pp. 134-172 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 172, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6808230
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 158.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.06.1961, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1961

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Dilation-invariant bending of elastic plates, and broken symmetry in shells
Creators: name: Vitral, E.
name: Hanna, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose bending energies for isotropic elastic plates and shells. For a plate, we define and employ a surface tensor that symmetrically couples stretch and curvature such that any elastic energy density constructed from its invariants is invariant under spatial dilations. This kinematic measure and its corresponding isotropic quadratic energy resolve outstanding issues in thin structure elasticity, including the natural extension of primitive bending strains for straight rods to plates, the assurance of a moment linear in the bending measure, and the avoidance of induced mid-plane strains in response to pure moments as found in some commonly used analytical plate models. Our analysis also reveals that some other commonly used numerical models have the right invariance properties, although they lack full generality at quadratic order in stretch. We further extend our result to naturally-curved rods and shells, for which the pure stretching of a curved rest configuration breaks dilation invariance; the new shell bending measure we provide contrasts with previous \emph{ad hoc} postulated forms. The concept that unifies these theories is not dilation invariance, but rather through-thickness uniformity of strain as a definition of pure stretching deformations. Our results provide a clean basis for simple models of low-dimensional elastic systems, and should enable more accurate analytical probing of the structure of singularities in sheets and membranes.
description: final minor changes
On the challenges in the choice of the non-conformal coupling function in inflationary magnetogenesis
Creators: name: Tripathy, Sagarika
name: Chowdhury, Debika
name: Jain, Rajeev Kumar
name: Sriramkumar, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial magnetic fields are generated during inflation by considering actions that break the conformal invariance of the electromagnetic field. To break the conformal invariance, the electromagnetic fields are coupled either to the inflaton or to the scalar curvature. Also, a parity violating term is often added to the action in order to enhance the amplitudes of the primordial electromagnetic fields. In this work, we examine the effects of deviations from slow roll inflation on the spectra of non-helical as well as helical electromagnetic fields. We find that, in the case of the coupling to the scalar curvature, there arise certain challenges in generating electromagnetic fields of the desired shapes and strengths even in slow roll inflation. When the field is coupled to the inflaton, it is possible to construct model-dependent coupling functions which lead to nearly scale invariant magnetic fields in slow roll inflation. However, we show that sharp features in the scalar power spectrum generated due to departures from slow roll inflation inevitably lead to strong features in the power spectra of the electromagnetic fields. Moreover, we find that such effects can also considerably suppress the strengths of the generated electromagnetic fields over the scales of cosmological interest. We illustrate these aspects with the aid of specific inflationary models that have been considered to produce specific features in the scalar power spectrum. Further, we find that, in such situations, if the strong features in the electromagnetic power spectra are to be undone, the choice of the coupling function requires considerable fine tuning. We discuss wider implications of the results we obtain.
description: v1: 23 pages, 10 figures; v2: 24 pages, 10 figures, discussion and references added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D; v3: 24 pages, 10 figures, Phys. Rev. D version
Lasting effects of discontinuous shear thickening in cornstarch suspensions upon flow cessation
Creators: name: Cho, Jae Hyung
name: Griese, Andrew H.
name: Peters, Ivo R.
name: Bischofberger, Irmgard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense suspensions that exhibit discontinuous shear thickening (DST) undergo complex stress relaxation when the flow abruptly stops. Using rotational rheometry, we study the two-step relaxation of aqueous cornstarch suspensions out of the DST state upon flow cessation and show that the DST fluid retains the memory of its shear-thickening state until the shear stress reaches a constant value at late times. We find that this residual stress at the end of the relaxation increases with the steady-state viscosity before the cessation. Furthermore, the timescales that characterize the two-step exponential decay of the shear stress exhibit near linear dependence on the steady-state viscosity. Within the current framework that ascribes DST to the breakdown of hydrodynamic lubrication layers leading to interparticle frictional contacts, the lasting effects of the steady-state viscosity suggest that the memory of frictional contacts persists until the end of the relaxation, despite the presence of repulsive forces between the particles. These results indicate that complete, spontaneous relaxation of the system out of DST is stalled by the partial retention of the frictional force chains, which may be caused by the stationary boundaries and the adhesion between cornstarch particles.
Multiband Detection of Repeating FRB 20180916B
Creators: name: Sand, Ketan R.
name: Faber, Jakob
name: Gajjar, Vishal
name: Michilli, Daniele
name: Andersen, Bridget C.
name: Joshi, Bhal Chandra
name: Kudale, Sanjay
name: Pilia, Maura
name: Brzycki, Bryan
name: Cassanelli, Tomas
name: Croft, Steve
name: Dey, Biprateep
name: John, Hoang
name: Leung, Calvin
name: Mckinven, Ryan
name: Ng, Cherry
name: Pearlman, Aaron B.
name: Petroff, Emily
name: Price, Danny C.
name: Siemion, Andrew
name: Smith, Kendrick
name: Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multiband study of FRB 20180916B, a repeating source with a 16.3 day periodicity. We report the detection of 4, 1 and 7 bursts from observations spanning 3 days using upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (300-500 MHz), Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (400-800 MHz) and Green Bank Telescope (600-1000 MHz), respectively. We report the first-ever detection of the source in the 800-1000 MHz range along with one of the widest instantaneous bandwidth detection (200 MHz) at lower frequencies. We identify 30 $μ$s wide structures in one of the bursts at 800 MHz, making it the lowest frequency detection of such structures for this FRB thus far. There is also a clear indication of high activity of the source at a higher frequency during earlier phases of the activity cycle. We identify a gradual decrease in the rotation measure over two years and no significant variations in the dispersion measure. We derive useful conclusions about progenitor scenarios, energy distribution, emission mechanisms, and variation of downward drift rate of emission with frequency. Our results reinforce that multiband observations are an effective approach to study repeaters and even one-off events to better understand their varying activity and spectral anomalies.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Unveiling the Role of 2D Monolayer Mn-doped MoS$_2$ Material: Toward an Efficient Electrocatalyst for H$_2$ Evolution Reaction
Creators: name: Ekka, Joy
name: Upadhyay, Shrish Nath
name: Keil, Frerich J.
name: Pakhira, Srimanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer pristine MoS$_2$ transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) is the most studied material because of its promising aspects as nonprecious electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Previous studies have shown that the basal planes of the 2D MoS$_2$ are catalytically inert and hence, they cannot be used directly in desired applications such as electrochemical HER in industries. Here, we have thoroughly studied the defect-engineered Mn-doped 2D monolayer MoS$_2$ (Mn-MoS$_2$) material where Mn was doped in the pristine MoS$_2$ to activate the inert basal planes. Using density functional theory (DFT) method, we performed rigorous inspection of electronic structures and properties of the 2D monolayer Mn-MoS$_2$ to be a promising alternative to noble metal free catalysts for the effective HER. Periodic 2D slab of the monolayer Mn-MoS$_2$ was created to study the electronic properties and the reaction pathways occurring on the surface of the material. The detailed HER mechanism has been explored by creating the Mn$_1$Mo$_9$S$_{21}$ non-periodic finite molecular cluster model system using M06-L DFT method including solvation effects to determine the reaction barriers and kinetics. Our study reveals that the 2D Mn-MoS$_2$ follows the most favorable Volmer-Heyrovsky reaction mechanism with very low energy barriers during the H$_2$ evolution. It was found that the change of free energy barrier during the Heyrovsky reaction is about 10.34 - 10.79 kcal/mol, indicating an exceptional electrocatalyst for HER. The Tafel slope is lower in the case of 2D monolayer Mn-MoS$_2$ material due to the overlap of the s-orbital of the hydrogen and d-orbitals of the Mn atoms appeared in the HOMO and LUMO transition states (TS1 and TS2) of both the Volmer and Heyrovsky reaction steps.
description: 36 Pages, 10 Figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2106.14682
Partial randomized benchmarking
Creators: name: Dubovitskii, Kirill
name: Makhlin, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In randomized benchmarking of quantum logical gates, partial twirling can be used for simpler implementation, better scaling, and higher accuracy and reliability. For instance, for two-qubit gates, single-qubit twirling is easier to realize than full averaging. We analyze such simplified, partial twirling and demonstrate that, unlike for the standard randomized benchmarking, the measured decay of fidelity is a linear combination of exponentials with different decay rates (3 for two qubits and single-bit twirling). The evolution with the sequence length is governed by an iteration matrix, whose spectrum gives the decay rates. For generic two-qubit gates one slowest exponential dominates and characterizes gate errors in three channels. Its decay rate is close, but different from that in the standard randomized benchmarking, and we find the leading correction. Using relations to the local invariants of two-qubit gates we identify all exceptional gates with several slow exponentials and analyze possibilities to extract their decay rates from the measured curves.
Cosmological evolution of gas and supermassive black holes in idealized isolated halos
Creators: name: Dattathri, Shashank
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of baryonic gas in cosmologically growing dark matter halos. To accurately model both the inner and outer regions of the halos, we use a dark matter density profile that transitions smoothly from the NFW profile within the virial radius to a more realistic flat profile far beyond the halo. We construct a dark matter gravitational potential consistent with this density profile, and we use a "cosmological" potential that accounts for gas evolution consistent with Hubble expansion at large radii. Gas is initialized with a density $\approx$ 0.2 times the dark matter density, consistent with the universal baryon fraction $ρ_{\rm g}/(ρ_{\rm g}+ρ_{\rm DM}) \approx 0.17$. We study the formation of the virial shock and evolution of the baryon fraction, including the effects of radiative cooling and AGN jet feedback. The feedback is powered by the accretion of cold gas onto a central supermassive black hole (SMBH). The cores of the halo exhibit heating and cooling cycles, whose strength and duration depend on the feedback efficiency and the halo mass. The central SMBH initially grows exponentially with time in the early quasar phase, but the growth slows down at later times. The baryon fraction in the core decreases with increasing feedback efficiency and decreasing halo mass. While the halo outskirts evolve self-similarly, the core density is non-evolving, in agreement with cluster observations. We analyze the correlations between the properties of the gas and the central SMBH, and explore the existence of a fundamental plane.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures; this is the MNRAS accepted version of the paper. The codes associated with the paper are available at https://github.com/shashankd98/Semi_Cosmo
Observations about utilitarian coherence in the avian compass
Creators: name: Smith, Luke D.
name: Deviers, Jean
name: Kattnig, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is hypothesised that the avian compass relies on spin dynamics in a recombining radical pair. Quantum coherence has been suggested as a resource to this process that nature may utilise to achieve increased compass sensitivity. To date, the true functional role of coherence in these natural systems has remained speculative, lacking insights from sufficiently complex models. Here, we investigate realistically large radical pair models with up to 21 nuclear spins, inspired by the putative magnetosensory protein cryptochrome. By varying relative radical orientations, we reveal correlations of several coherence measures with compass fidelity. Whilst electronic coherence is found to be an ineffective predictor of compass sensitivity, a robust correlation of compass sensitivity and a global coherence measure is established. The results demonstrate the importance of realistic models, and appropriate choice of coherence measure, in elucidating the quantum nature of the avian compass.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Observation of Emergent $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Gauge Invariance in a Superconducting Circuit
Creators: name: Wang, Zhan
name: Ge, Zi-Yong
name: Xiang, Zhongcheng
name: Song, Xiaohui
name: Huang, Rui-Zhen
name: Song, Pengtao
name: Guo, Xue-Yi
name: Su, Luhong
name: Xu, Kai
name: Zheng, Dongning
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice gauge theories (LGTs) are one of the most fundamental subjects in many-body physics, and has recently attracted considerable research interests in quantum simulations. Here we experimentally investigate the emergent $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge invariance in a 1D superconducting circuit with 10 transmon qubits. By precisely adjusting staggered longitudinal and transverse fields to each qubit, we construct an effective Hamiltonian containing an LGT and gauge-broken terms. The corresponding matter sector can exhibit a localization, and there also exists a 3-qubit operator, of which the expectation value can retain nonzero for a long time in low-energy regimes. The above localization can be regarded as the confinement of matter fields, and the 3-body operator is the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge generator. These experimental results demonstrate that, despite the absence of gauge structure in the effective Hamiltonian, $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge invariance can still emerge in low-energy regimes. Our work provides a method for both theoretically and experimentally studying the rich physics in quantum many-body systems with emergent gauge invariance.
description: 7+9 pages, 4+6 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung L-Nr. 2530.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.11.1947, erstellt als Beobachtung im Projektionsverfahren Nr. 932 von Karl Rapp in Locarno-Monti
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1947

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund weiterer auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Instrument: Merz-Refraktor mit 13.5 cm Öffnung und 195 cm Brennweite, vereinzelt andere Instrumente wie Tel. 88x; Sonnenbild D = 25 cm. - Auf der Zeichnung wird zum Teil das Instrument vermerkt bzw. die Zählung der Beobachtungen im Projektionsverfahren fortgesetzt. Sporadisch sind Resultate mehrerer Aufnahmen pro Tag aufgelistet. Zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung sind die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Zeichnung aus der Zeit der Beobachtertätigkeit von Ing. Karl Rapp als Privat-Astronom, die er seit den Neunzehnvierziger Jahren für die Eidgenössische Sternwarte Zürich ausführte. Aus den ersten zwei Jahren der freiwilligen Mitarbeit sind nur einzelne Stücke überliefert. Erst zwei Jahre später ist jeweils eine ergänzende Serie in Zürich aufbewahrt worden. Nochmals fünf Jahre später arbeitete Karl Rapp neu auf vertraglicher Basis weiter mit, bis schliesslich nach einem weiteren Jahrzehnt die permanente Beobachtungsstation in Locarno-Monti geschaffen wurde, welche an die langjährige Serie von Karl Rapp anknüpfte
Aspidiobates pilbara Harvey 1988
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Aspidiobates
Aspidiobates pilbara

description: Aspidiobates pilbara Harvey, 1988
Material examined. Northern Territory. 5/3/0, Gubarra Creek upstream of pool, Kakadu NP, 12°49.605 S 132°52.708 E, 27-ix-2005; 1/0/0, Florence Creek downstream of Florence Falls, Litchfield NP, 13°05.885 S 130°46.999 E, 25-ix-2005; 0/2/0, Umbrawarra Gorge, Umbrawarra Gorge Nature Park, 13°57.892 S 131°41.620 E, 1-x-2005.
Remarks. Previously known from NW Western Australia and the Northern Territory (Harvey 1988, Smit 2001).
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2019, The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species, pp. 115-122 in Zootaxa 4550 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2625171
Adiabatic waveforms from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals: an analytical approach
Creators: name: Isoyama, Soichiro
name: Fujita, Ryuichi
name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
name: Pound, Adam
name: Sago, Norichika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scientific analysis for the gravitational-wave detector LISA will require theoretical waveforms from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) that extensively cover all possible orbital and spin configurations around astrophysical Kerr black holes. However, on-the-fly calculations of these waveforms have not yet overcome the high dimensionality of the parameter space. To confront this challenge, we present a user-ready EMRI waveform model for generic (eccentric and inclined) orbits in Kerr spacetime, using an analytical self-force approach. Our model accurately covers all EMRIs with arbitrary inclination and black hole spin, up to modest eccentricity ($\lesssim 0.3$) and separation ($\gtrsim2$--$10M$ from the last stable orbit). In that regime, our waveforms are accurate at the leading `adiabatic' order, and they approximately capture transient self-force resonances that significantly impact the gravitational-wave phase. The model fills an urgent need for extensive waveforms in ongoing data-analysis studies, and its individual components will continue to be useful in future science-adequate waveforms.
description: 9+5 pages,4+1 figures,5PN-e10 Teukolsky data are all available at the Black Hole Perturbation Club: https://sites.google.com/view/bhpc1996/data v2:updated references,expanded supplemental discussion of initial phases.v3:contains minor corrections and more references.Matches version published in PRL
Aspidiobates scutatus Lundblad 1941
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Aspidiobates
Aspidiobates scutatus

description: Aspidiobates scutatus Lundblad, 1941
Material examined. South Australia. 29/21/0, Mambray Creek upstream of junction with Alligator Creek, Mt Remarkable NP, 32°49’14,74 S 138°3’48,44 E, 17-x-2001; 0/1/0, Mambray Creek at campground, Mt Remarkable NP, no gps data, 17-x-2001. New South Wales. 1/0/0, Barrengarry Creek upstream of falls, Morton NP, no gsp data, 6-xi-2001; 10/8/0, Bola Creek at Bola Creek Picnic Area, Royal NP, no gps data, 8-xi-2001; 3/1/0, Waterfall Creek at Gunjulla Flat, Royal NP, no gps data, 8-xi-2001; 0/1/0, Tributary of Sawyers Creek, S of Kangaroo Valley, no gps data, 6-xi-2001; 3/1/0, Urumbilum River, Bindarri NP, 30°15.966 S 152°57.042 E, alt. 137 m asl, 7-xi-2003; 0/ 2/0, Unnamed creek at crossing with Dome Road, Dorrigo NP, 30°15.966 S 152°57.042 E, alt. 137 m asl, 8-xi- 2003; 17/26/0, Reedy Creek at Marble Arch, Deua NP, 35°43’33,04 S 149°41’27,70“ E, 15-xii-2003; 0/1/0, Cabbage Tree Creek at crossing with Kings Highway, 35°34.367 S 150°02.537 E, alt. 260 m asl, 16-xii-2003.
Queensland. 1/0/0, Cave Creek, Springbrook NP, no gps data, 13-xi-2003.
Remarks. Previously reported from Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland (Harvey 1998), and reported here for the first time from South Australia.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2019, The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species, pp. 115-122 in Zootaxa 4550 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2625171
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 22.01.1961, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1961

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Vacuum Energy Density Measured from Cosmological Data
Creators: name: Prat, J.
name: Hogan, C.
name: Chang, C.
name: Frieman, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the $Λ$CDM cosmological model, the absolute value of Einstein's cosmological constant $Λ$, sometimes expressed as the gravitating mass-energy density $ρ_Λ$ of the physical vacuum, is a fundamental constant of nature, whose accurate measurement plays a central role in testing some proposed theories of quantum gravity. Several combinations of currently public cosmological data and an assumed flat $Λ$CDM cosmological model are used here to make a joint Bayesian inference on the combination of conventional parameters $Ω_Λh^2$ that corresponds to the absolute physical density $ρ_Λ$. In physical units, we obtain $ρ_Λ= \left(60.3\pm{1.3}\right)\times 10^{-31}{\rm g/cm^3}$, the most accurate constraint to date, with an absolute calibration of cosmological measurements based on CMB temperature. Significantly different values are obtained with calibrations that use a local distance scale, mainly connected to systematic differences in the value of the Hubble constant. It is suggested that future comprehensive cosmological parameter studies assuming the $Λ$CDM model include constraints on the vacuum density.
description: 8 + 11 pages, 4 figures. Published by JCAP
Quantum technologies need a Quantum Energy Initiative
Creators: name: Auffèves, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technologies are currently the object of high expectations from governments and private companies, as they hold the promise to shape safer and faster ways to extract, exchange and treat information. However, despite its major potential impact for industry and society, the question of their energetic footprint has remained in a blind spot of current deployment strategies. In this Perspective, I argue that quantum technologies must urgently plan for the creation and structuration of a transverse quantum energy initiative, connecting quantum thermodynamics, quantum information science, quantum physics and engineering. Such initiative is the only path towards energy efficient, sustainable quantum technologies, and to possibly bring out an energetic quantum advantage.
description: Submitted as a Perspective in PRX Quantum
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Limits and Relic Gravitational Waves Detection Prospects
Creators: name: Kahniashvili, Tina
name: Clarke, Emma
name: Stepp, Jonathan
name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) limits on primordial magnetic fields and/or turbulent motions accounting for the decaying nature of turbulent sources between the time of generation and BBN. This leads to larger estimates for the gravitational wave (GW) signal than previously expected. We address the detection prospects through space-based interferometers (for GWs generated around the electroweak energy scale) as well as pulsar timing arrays and astrometric missions (for GWs generated around the quantum chromodynamics energy scale).
description: 9 pages; 6 figures; discussions and references added; typos fixed; conclusions unchanged
Leveraging single-cell sequencing to unravel intratumour heterogeneity and tumour evolution in human cancers.
Creators: name: Bowes, Amy L
name: Tarabichi, Maxime
name: Pillay, Nischalan
name: Van Loo, Peter
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Genetics & Genomics
Human Biology & Physiology
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Intra-tumour heterogeneity and tumour evolution are well-documented phenomena in human cancers. While the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has facilitated the large-scale capture of genomic data, the field of single cell genomics is nascent but rapidly advancing and generating many new insights into the complex molecular mechanisms of tumour biology. In this review, we provide an overview of current single cell DNA sequencing technologies, exploring how recent methodological advancements have enumerated new insights into intra-tumour heterogeneity and tumour evolution. Areas highlighted include the potential power of single cell genome sequencing studies to explore evolutionary dynamics contributing to tumourigenesis through to progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. We also explore the use of in-situ sequencing technologies to study intra-tumour heterogeneity in a spatial context, as well as examining the use of single cell genomics to perform lineage tracing in both normal and malignant tissues. Finally, we consider the use of multi-modal single cell sequencing technologies. Taken together, it is hoped that these many facets of single cell genome sequencing will improve our understanding of tumourigenesis, progression and lethality in cancer leading to the development of novel therapies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 126.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 19.05.1961, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1961

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Aspidiobates unidorsalis Smit 1992
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Aspidiobates
Aspidiobates unidorsalis

description: Aspidiobates unidorsalis Smit, 1992
Material examined. Holotype male, Darraboola Creek, Lamington NP, Queensland, Australia, 19-vii-1989, leg. H. Smit (S.21120, QM—palp mounted, idiosoma missing).
Remarks. As the idiosoma is missing (in the past the holotype was sent from Amsterdam to Brisbane, but upon arrival in Brisbane the idiosoma was lacking), I was able to examine the palp only. Based on the original description, dgl-1 and dgl-2 are at equal distance, with the postocularia anterior to dgl-1. The palp is slender, without setal tubercles and a distinct anteroventral extension of P2. In juvenile Aspidiobates specimens the dorsal and ventral shields are not yet developed, and the dorsal shield appears as entire. As Smit (1992) mentioned the presence of dorsal and ventral shields are present, the holotype is not a juvenile specimen. The only other Australian Aspidiobates species with an entire dorsal shield is A. bidewel Harvey & Cook, 1988, but this species has dgl-1 and the postocularia at the same level and the distance of dgl-1 and dgl-2 is much larger than the distance of dgl-2 and dgl-3 (only slightly larger in A. unidorsalis). Moreover, the male fourth leg of A. bidewel is modified (not modified in A. unidorsalis).
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2019, The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species, pp. 115-122 in Zootaxa 4550 (1) on page 121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2625171
Introduction to Image repositories and Image data publication
Creators: name: Caryjeva, Arzuv
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Microscopy images document a significant part of scientific discoveries in this data-intensive era. It is becoming increasingly important to ensure that images are presented in a clear and reproducible manner. However, there are only a few guidelines available for publishing terabytes to petabytes of image data, while research funding agencies require data to be published in open repositories. The objective of this seminar presentation is to provide an overview of the key aspects of data publication, with a particular focus on image data. In addition, the seminar will offer a brief introduction to repositories and other relevant resources.