cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Boosting the charged Higgs search prospects using jet substructure at the LHC
Creators: name: Li, Jinmian
name: Patrick, Riley
name: Sharma, Pankaj
name: Williams, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged Higgs bosons are predicted in variety of theoretically well-motivated new physics models with extended Higgs sectors. In this study, we focus on a type-II two Higgs doublet model (2HDM-II) and consider a heavy charged Higgs with its mass ranging from 500 GeV to 1 TeV as dictated by the $b\to sγ$ constraints which render $M_{H^\pm}>480$ GeV. We study the dominant production mode $H^\pm t$ associated production with $H^\pm \to W^\pm A$ being the dominant decay channel when the pseudoscalar $A$ is considerably lighter. For such a heavy charged Higgs, both the decay products $W^\pm$ and $A$ are relatively boosted. In such a scenario, we apply the jet substructure analysis of tagging the fat pseudoscalar and $W$ jets in order to eliminate the standard model background efficiently. We perform a detailed detector simulation for the signal and background processes at the 14 TeV LHC. We introduce various kinematical cuts to determine the signal significance for a number of benchmark points with charged Higgs boson mass from 500 GeV to 1 TeV in the $W^\pm A$ decay channel. Finally we perform a multivariate analysis utilizing a boosted decision tree algorithm to optimize these significances.
description: 25 pages, 7 Tables, 12 figures, Matches Published Version in JHEP
On wave interference in planet migration: dead zone torques modified by active zone forcing
Creators: name: Chametla, R. O.
name: Chrenko, O.
name: Lyra, W.
name: Turner, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate planetary migration in the dead zone of a protoplanetary disk where there are a set of spiral waves propagating inward due to the turbulence in the active zone and the Rossby wave instability (RWI), which occurs at the transition between the dead and active zones. We perform global 3D unstratified magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of a gaseous disk with the FARGO3D code, using weak gradients in the static resistivity profiles that trigger the formation of a vortex at the outer edge of the dead zone. We find that once the Rossby vortex develops, spiral waves in the dead zone emerge and interact with embedded migrating planets by wave interference, which notably changes their migration. The inward migration becomes faster depending on the mass of the planet, due mostly to the constructive (destructive) interference between the outer (inner) spiral arm of the planet and, the destruction of the dynamics of the horseshoe region by means of the set of background spiral waves propagating inward. The constructive wave interference produces a more negative Lindblad differential torque which inevitably leads to an inward migration. Lastly, for massive planets embedded in the dead zone, we find that the spiral waves can create an asymmetric wider and depeer gap than in the case of $α$-disks, and can prevent the formation of vortices at the outer edge of the gap. The latter could generate a faster or slower migration compared to the standard type-II migration.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Density jump as a function of magnetic field strength for perpendicular collisionless shocks with anisotropic upstream pressure
Creators: name: Bret, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shock waves are common in astrophysical environments. On many occasions, they are collisionless, which means they occur in settings where the mean free path is much larger than the dimensions of the system. For this very reason, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) is not equipped to deal with such shocks, be it because it assumes binary collisions, hence temperature isotropy, when such isotropy is not guaranteed in the absence of collisions. Here we solve a model capable of dealing with perpendicular shocks with anisotropic upstream pressure. The system of MHD conservation equations is closed assuming the temperature normal to the flow is conserved at the crossing of the shock front. In the strong shock sonic limit, the behavior of a perpendicular shock with isotropic upstream is retrieved, regardless of the upstream anisotropy. Generally speaking, a rich variety of behaviors is found, inaccessible to MHD, depending on the upstream parameters. The present work can be viewed as the companion paper of MNRAS 520, 6083-6090 (2023), where the case of a parallel shock was treated. Differences and similarities with the present case are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, to appear in MNRAS
title: Mit welcher Karte gewinne ich eher?
title: Fähigkeiten zum Vergleich von Wahrscheinlichkeiten in den Jahrgangsstufen 4 und 6
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lindmeier, Anke
name: Reiss, Kristina
name: Barchfeld, Petra
name: Sodian, Beate
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Stochastik war traditionell nicht Thema der Primarstufe wurde aber mit den Bildungsstandards als Leitidee Daten, Zufall und Wahrscheinlichkeit aufgewertet. Allerdings liegen kaum Erkenntnisse über frühe Fähigkeiten in diesem Bereich vor. In der Studie wurden Aufgaben zum Wahrscheinlichkeitsvergleich entwickelt, um Fähigkeiten Lernender in einem Bereich mittlerer Anforderung zu untersuchen. In einer Studie (40 Kinder, Klasse 4/6) zeigte sich, dass bekannte Fehlvorstellungen zu Tage treten.
Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Earlier Diagnoses or Increasing Disease Burden?
Creators: name: Lund, J.L.
name: Sandler, R.S.
name: Murphy, C.C.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2017

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in the United States have changed strikingly in recent decades. Overall, CRC incidence decreased by >30% from 1975 (59.5 per 100,000) to 2013 (37.9 per 100,000). CRC mortality similarly declined from 28.1 per 100,000 in 1975 to 14.5 per 100,000 in 2013—nearly a 50% decrease.1 Screen-eligible populations, particularly those over age 65, have experienced the largest declines in incidence and mortality.
Structure and decay of the pygmy dipole resonance in 26Ne
Creators: name: Kimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-lying spectra of $^{24,25,26}{\rm Ne}$ and the structure of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) in $^{26}{\rm Ne}$ have been theoretically studied by the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and its extended version called shifted-basis AMD. The calculated energy and strength of the PDR reasonably agree with the observation, and the analysis of the wave function shows that the PDR is dominated by neutron excitation coupled to the quadrupole excited core nucleus $^{25}{\rm Ne}$, which explains the observed unexpected decay of PDR to the excited states of $^{25}{\rm Ne}$. The large isoscalar component of PDR is also shown and the enhancement of the core excitation in neutron-rich Ne isotopes is conjectured.
Health Problems and Health Coping Strategies of Areas Experiencing Food Shortage: Preparedness and Response of the Community and of the Responsible Bodies
Creators: name: Melese, Muluken
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1998

description: A cross sectional study was cond ucted with the object ive of assessing health prob lems, hea lth coping strategies and hea lth care demand of non-displaced communities whi ch are in food crisis. The study cons isted of a household su rvey (n=53 I househo lds), Focus Group Oiscuss ions( N=IO grou ps) and an individ ual indepth interv iew of government officia ls ( n = 9) th rough which quantitative and qualitative data were coll ected. The study Woreda (d istri ct) of North Wollo Zone, Amahara Regional State, Eth iop ia. The di strict was highly affected by the fam ines of the 1970s and 1980s and has been fac ing repeated food sholtages ever since. In the three months reca ll period 748(29.4%) of the 2,547 household members reported be ing ill, out of which only 122 (16.3%) sought western-style medical care. The ma in reason (72.7% of the responses) for not seeking med ical ca re was lack of money to cover the medical cost and/or for transportation and accommodation. Most households had not recovered from the past famines' economic shock, due to the recurrent nature of food prod uction fai lure. The an nual per capita income in the surveyed population was found to be 3 10.4 (US $ 43.7). In fo rmat ion was obta ined from 148 hou sehold s on the hea lth- cost co ping mechanisms; these were 72(48.6%) of the househo lds from the sa le of animals and anima l products, 32(2 1.6%) from the sa le of grai ns and the rest from loans, sav in gs, sa le of househo ld uten si ls and fi re-wood, and work ing in food-far-work or cash-for work programmes. The most vul nerable groups who were severely affected by the current food cr isis were elders, women-headed househo lds and those who have no product ive assets, i.e, the poor. About half of the 531 stud ied ho useholds had no sin gle an im al; 55.5 were currently dependent on food aid . This fin ding shows the exhaustion of the hea lthcost- co ping strategies of the communiti es. A rel at ive ly hi gh number of the households (24.6%) were found to consume a fa mine food (Lathyrus Sativus) which causes neuro-tox icity when consumed for along period as a main diet. The line mini stry offi ces, from the region to the district, lack tra ined manpower in d isaster management; there is a tendency for them to fo rward a ll disaster issues to the spec ific government authority for disa ster management issues, the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commiss ion (OPPC).The study recommendations are as fol lows: a) Health aid shou ld be part of food aid package; b) Special attention should go to the most vu lnerable gro ups of the community; and c) Training of di saster managers at all levels IS mand atory fo r a better handl ing of di sasters.
Lagrangian plume modelling during the morning transition period
Creators: name: Hurley., Peter John
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Self-Learning Monte Carlo Method
Creators: name: Liu, Junwei
name: Qi, Yang
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Fu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulation is an unbiased numerical tool for studying classical and quantum many-body systems. One of its bottlenecks is the lack of general and efficient update algorithm for large size systems close to phase transition or with strong frustrations, for which local updates perform badly. In this work, we propose a new general-purpose Monte Carlo method, dubbed self-learning Monte Carlo (SLMC), in which an efficient update algorithm is first learned from the training data generated in trial simulations and then used to speed up the actual simulation. We demonstrate the efficiency of SLMC in a spin model at the phase transition point, achieving a 10-20 times speedup.
description: add more refs and correct some typos
A rare outburst from the stealthy BeXRB system Swift J0549.7-6812
Creators: name: Coe, M. J.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Monageng, I. M.
name: Buckley, D. A. H.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Evans, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift J0549.7-6812 is an Be/X-ray binary system (BeXRB) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) exhibiting a 6s pulse period. Like many such systems the variable X-ray emission is believed to be driven by the underlying behaviour of the mass donor Be star. In this paper we report on X-ray observations of the brightest known outburst from this system which reached a luminosity of 8 x 10^37 erg/s. These observations are supported by contemporaneous optical photometric observations, the first reported optical spectrum, as well as several years of historical data from OGLE and GAIA. The latter strongly suggest a binary period of 46.1d. All the observational data indicate that Swift J0549.7-6812 is a system that spends the vast majority of its time in X-ray quiescence, or even switched off completely. This suggests that occasional observations may easily miss it, and many similar systems, and thereby underestimate the massive star evolution numbers for the LMC.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
Thermodynamic analysis of the static spherically symmetric field equations in Rastall theory
Creators: name: Moradpour, Hooman
name: Salako, Ines G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The restrictions on the Rastall theory due to apply the Newtonian limit to the theory are derived. In addition, we use the zero-zero component of the Rastall field equations as well as the unified first law of thermodynamics to find the Misner-Sharp mass content confined to the event horizon of the spherically symmetric static spacetimes in the Rastall framework. The obtained relation is calculated for the Schwarzschild and de-Sitter back holes as two examples. Bearing the obtained relation for the Misner-Sharp mass in mind together with recasting the one-one component of the Rastall field equations into the form of the first law of thermodynamics, we obtain expressions for the horizon entropy and the work term. Finally, we also compare the thermodynamic quantities of system, including energy, entropy and work, with their counterparts in the Einstein framework to have a better view about the role of the Rastall hypothesis on the thermodynamics of system.
description: accepted by AHEP
The production of fluid fuels for power generation from lower-rank coals using various liquefaction techniques
Creators: name: Hulston., Christopher Kyle James
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The distribution of accretion rates as a diagnostic of protoplanetary disc evolution
Creators: name: Alexander, R.
name: Rosotti, G.
name: Armitage, P. J.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: Manara, C. F.
name: Tabone, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the distribution of observed accretion rates is a powerful diagnostic of protoplanetary disc physics. Accretion due to turbulent ("viscous") transport of angular momentum results in a fundamentally different distribution of accretion rates than accretion driven by magnetised disc winds. We find that a homogeneous sample of $\gtrsim$300 observed accretion rates would be sufficient to distinguish between these two mechanisms of disc accretion at high confidence, even for pessimistic assumptions. Current samples of T Tauri star accretion rates are not this large, and also suffer from significant inhomogeneity, so both viscous and wind-driven models are broadly consistent with the existing observations. If accretion is viscous, the observed accretion rates require low rates of disc photoevaporation ($\lesssim$$10^{-9}$M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$). Uniform, homogeneous surveys of stellar accretion rates can therefore provide a clear answer to the long-standing question of how protoplanetary discs accrete.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Analytical $O(α_s)$ corrections to the beam frame double-spin density matrix elements of $e^+e^-\to t\bar t$
Creators: name: Kaldamäe, L.
name: Groote, S.
name: Körner, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide analytical results for the $O(α_s)$ corrections to the double-spin density matrix elements in the reaction $e^+e^-\to t\bar t$. These concern the elements $ll$, $lt$, $ln$, $tt$, $tn$, and $nn$ of the double-spin density matrix elements where $l,t,n$ stand for longitudinal, transverse and normal orientations with respect to the beam frame spanned by the electron and the top quark momentum.
description: 48 pages, 10 figures, identical to published version
Observation of a Metastable Periodic Structure for the (001) Surface of KTaO3 after Cleaving In Situ
Creators: name: Akhadov, E. A.
name: Baker, Jeff
name: Boatner, L. A.
name: Bonart, D.
name: Li, Jaime A.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Spectral index variation across X-shaped radio galaxies
Creators: name: Patra, Dusmanta
name: Joshi, Ravi
name: Gopal-Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation mechanism of the enigmatic subclass of radio galaxies, called 'X-shaped radio galaxies' (XRGs), or 'winged' radio galaxies, which account for $\sim 10\%$ of the radio galaxy population, can be effectively constrained using the radio spectral-index distribution across their twin pairs of radio lobes. If indeed, the existing claims of no systematic spectral index difference between the wing and the associated primary lobe are valid in general, this would provide impetus to the XRG model attributing their origin to an unresolved binary of active supermassive black holes within the nucleus of the host galaxy. To investigate this interesting possibility, we have mapped spatial variation of spectral index for a well-defined sample of 25 XRGs, by combining their 1.4 GHz VLA (FIRST survey)/uGMRT maps with their 144 MHz maps (LoTSS-DR2). This has yielded the best available combination of sensitivity, angular resolution, frequency range and sample size, for spectral mapping of an XRG sample. A rich diversity of spectral index patterns is thus revealed in our XRG sample, but we find at most one case where a secondary lobe (wing) exhibits a flatter spectrum compared to its associated primary lobe. We conclude that such a spectral pattern is exceedingly rare and by no means a common trait of XRGs.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Total light deflection in the gravitational field of an axisymmetric body at rest with full mass and spin multipole structure
Creators: name: Zschocke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tangent vector of the light trajectory at future infinity and the angle of total light deflection in the gravitational field of an isolated axisymmetric body at rest with full set of mass-multipoles and spin-multipoles is determined in harmonic coordinates in the 1PN and 1.5PN approximation of the post-Newtonian (PN) scheme. It is found that the evaluation of the tangent vector and of the angle of total light deflection caused by mass-multipoles and spin-multipoles leads directly and in a compelling way to Chebyshev polynomials of first and second kind, respectively. This fact allows to determine the upper limits of the total light deflection, which are strictly valid in the 1PN and 1.5PN approximation. They represent a criterion to identify those multipoles which contribute significantly to the total light deflection for a given astrometric accuracy. These upper limits are used to determine the total light deflection in the gravitational field of the Sun and giant planets of the solar system. It is found that the first few mass-multipoles with l \le 10 and the first few spin-multipoles with l \le 3 are sufficient for an accuracy on the nano-arcsecond level in astrometric angular measurements.
description: 56 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
Critical behavior of entropy production and learning rate: Ising model with an oscillating field
Creators: name: Zhang, Yirui
name: Barato, Andre C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of the entropy production of the Ising model subject to a magnetic field that oscillates in time. The mean-field model displays a phase transition that can be either first or second-order, depending on the amplitude of the field and on the frequency of oscillation. Within this approximation the entropy production rate is shown to have a discontinuity when the transition is first-order and to be continuous, with a jump in its first derivative, if the transition is second-order. In two dimensions, we find with numerical simulations that the critical behavior of the entropy production rate is the same, independent of the frequency and amplitude of the field. Its first derivative has a logarithmic divergence at the critical point. This result is in agreement with the lack of a first-order phase transition in two dimensions. We analyze a model with a field that changes at stochastic time-intervals between two values. This model allows for an informational theoretic interpretation, with the system as a sensor that follows the external field. We calculate numerically a lower bound on the learning rate, which quantifies how much information the system obtains about the field. Its first derivative with respect to temperature is found to have a jump at the critical point.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Lower cancer incidence-warfarin effect or immortal time bias?
Creators: name: Lund, J.L.
name: Li, X.
name: Toh, S.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2018

description: To the Editor In their Original Investigation published in a recent issue of JAMAInternal Medicine, Haaland and colleagues reported that warfarin users had a lower cancer incidence than non-users in a Norwegian cohort. Despite efforts to limit immortal time bias, their findings might still be biased partially due to residual immortal time.
The synthesis and chemistry of some dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6(1H)-ones and related compounds
Creators: name: Hughes., Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Epitaxial Growth of a Low-Density Framework Form of Crystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Kamei, Kazuhito
name: Moriguchi, Koji
name: Motooka, Teruaki
name: Munetoh, Shinji
name: Shintani, Akira
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Tidal dissipation due to the elliptical instability and turbulent viscosity in convection zones in rotating giant planets and stars
Creators: name: de Vries, Nils B.
name: Barker, Adrian J.
name: Hollerbach, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal dissipation in star-planet systems can occur through various mechanisms, among which is the elliptical instability. This acts on elliptically deformed equilibrium tidal flows in rotating fluid planets and stars, and excites inertial waves in convective regions if the dimensionless tidal amplitude ($ε$) is sufficiently large. We study its interaction with turbulent convection, and attempt to constrain the contributions of both elliptical instability and convection to tidal dissipation. For this, we perform an extensive suite of Cartesian hydrodynamical simulations of rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a small patch of a planet. We find that tidal dissipation resulting from the elliptical instability, when it operates, is consistent with $ε^3$, as in prior simulations without convection. Convective motions also act as an effective viscosity on large-scale tidal flows, resulting in continuous tidal dissipation (scaling as $ε^2$). We derive scaling laws for the effective viscosity using (rotating) mixing-length theory, and find that they predict the turbulent quantities found in our simulations very well. In addition, we examine the reduction of the effective viscosity for fast tides, which we observe to scale with tidal frequency ($ω$) as $ω^{-2}$. We evaluate our scaling laws using interior models of Hot Jupiters computed with MESA. We conclude that rotation reduces convective length scales, velocities and effective viscosities (though not in the fast tides regime). We estimate that elliptical instability is efficient for the shortest-period Hot Jupiters, and that effective viscosity of turbulent convection is negligible in giant planets compared with inertial waves.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
SEEDS direct imaging of the RV-detected companion to V450 Andromedae, and characterization of the system
Creators: name: Hełminiak, K. G.
name: Kuzuhara, M.
name: Mede, K.
name: Brandt, T. D.
name: Kandori, R.
name: Suenaga, T.
name: Kusakabe, N.
name: Narita, N.
name: Carson, J. C.
name: Currie, T.
name: Kudo, T.
name: Hashimoto, J.
name: Abe, L.
name: Akiyama, E.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Feldt, M.
name: Goto, M.
name: Grady, C. A.
name: Guyon, O.
name: Hayano, Y.
name: Hayashi, M.
name: Hayashi, S. S.
name: Henning, T.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Ishii, M.
name: Iye, M.
name: Janson, M.
name: Knapp, G. R.
name: Kwon, J.
name: Matsuo, T.
name: McElwain, M. W.
name: Miyama, S.
name: Morino, J. -I.
name: Moro-Martin, A.
name: Nishimura, T.
name: Ryu, T.
name: Pyo, T. -S.
name: Serabyn, E.
name: Suto, H.
name: Suzuki, R.
name: Takahashi, Y. H.
name: Takami, M.
name: Takato, N.
name: Terada, H.
name: Thalmann, C.
name: Turner, E. L.
name: Watanabe, M.
name: Wisniewski, J.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Takami, H.
name: Usuda, T.
name: Tamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the direct imaging detection of a low-mass companion to a young, moderately active star V450 And, that was previously identified with the radial velocity method. The companion was found in high-contrast images obtained with the Subaru Telescope equipped with the HiCIAO camera and AO188 adaptive optics system. From the public ELODIE and SOPHIE archives we extracted available high-resolution spectra and radial velocity (RV) measurements, along with RVs from the Lick planet search program. We combined our multi-epoch astrometry with these archival, partially unpublished RVs, and found that the companion is a low-mass star, not a brown dwarf, as previously suggested. We found the best-fitting dynamical masses to be $m_1=1.141_{-0.091}^{+0.037}$ and $m_2=0.279^{+0.023}_{-0.020}$ M$_\odot$. We also performed spectral analysis of the SOPHIE spectra with the iSpec code. The Hipparcos time-series photometry shows a periodicity of $P=5.743$ d, which is also seen in SOPHIE spectra as an RV modulation of the star A. We interpret it as being caused by spots on the stellar surface, and the star to be rotating with the given period. From the rotation and level of activity, we found that the system is $380^{+220}_{-100}$ Myr old, consistent with an isochrone analysis ($220^{+2120}_{-90}$ Myr). This work may serve as a test case for future studies of low-mass stars, brown dwarfs and exoplanets by combination of RV and direct imaging data.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, to appear in ApJ
title: Information Policies of the Coronavirus Crisis: A Review of 18 EU Countries
Creators: name: Földes, Ádám
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: COVID-19-Pandemie
subject: Maßnahme
subject: Informationspolitik
subject: 94
subject: 32
subject: 610.9

description: In order to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, EU member states introduced a broad range of measures, with severe impacts on human rights to an extent unseen since World War II. Without freedom of information no democracy and rule of law can function, but it is not obvious how much policy- and lawmakers share this opinion. The present paper examines the information policies adopted by 18 EU member states in the wake of the outbreak of the pandemic, outlines the already existing and the new international freedom of information norms applicable in states of emergency and delves into the questions: what is the policy content and what are the narratives of the measures that legislative, executive and judicial branches have taken in the majority of EU member states in the field of freedom of information in the context of the pandemic? Is there any concept behind restricting access to or distributing information or are these just piecemeal ad hoc (re)actions?
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 22/2023
title: The Identity of the EU Legal Order as a “Shield” for Judicial Independence in the (Polish) Rule of Law Crisis
Creators: name: Taborowski, Maciej
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Polen
subject: Europarecht
subject: Rechtsordnung
subject: Vollziehende Gewalt
subject: Unabhängigkeit
subject: Rechtsstaatsgefährdung
subject: 94
subject: 340.09
subject: 342

description: In its recent case law the CJEU stated that the values contained in Article 2 TEU define the “very identity of the European Union as a common legal order”. The CJEU made also some further important statements on the perception and the functioning of Article 2 TEU values in the European legal space. This working paper takes a closer look at how the CJEU has used the value of rule of law in Art. 2 TEU to build a “shield” that serves as a defense for national judges against interference with their independence. This “shield” has been created on the basis of the principle of effective judicial protection under Article 19 (1)(2) TEU and Article 47 EUCFR. Such a “shield” shield is particularly useful in those EU Member States where material threats to the rule of law emerged, such as Poland. It benefits from the strong possibilities of the EU supranational legal system, i.e. the principle of direct effect and the principle of primacy. However, such a “shield” has also its limits, restrictions, and weak points. These are primarily due, on the one hand, to the procedural limitations of the preliminary ruling procedure, which is the main interface of cooperation between the national courts and the CJEU, and, on the other hand, to the fact that, ultimately, EU law must be effectively implemented and adopted into the national legal order by national authorities. However, during an ongoing rule of law crisis, not all state authorities will always be interested in correctly and effectively implementing European standards.
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 24/2023
Raman scattering studies of surface modification in 1.5 MeV Si-implanted silicon
Creators: name: Huang., Xi
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Fuzzy Dark Matter in Relativistic Stars
Creators: name: Rezaei, Zeinab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fuzzy dark matter (FDM), a practical alternative to cold dark matter, can exist in compact stars. Here, applying the FDM equation of state (EoS) constrained by CMB and large-scale structure data, we calculate the structure of relativistic stars in the presence of FDM. For this aim, the EoS for the visible matter in neutron stars, quark stars, and hybrid stars from the observational data are employed. A piecewise polytropic EoS constrained by the observational data of GW170817 and the data of six low-mass X-ray binaries with thermonuclear burst or the symmetry energy of the nuclear interaction describes the neutron star matter. For quark star matter, we apply the EoSs within the Bayesian statistical approach using the mass and radius measurements of PSR J0030+0451 from NICER. Employing the two-fluid formalism, we study the structure of FDM admixed relativistic stars.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Performance of synthetic antiferromagnetic racetrack memory: domain wall vs skyrmion
Creators: name: Tomasello, R.
name: Puliafito, V.
name: Martinez, E.
name: Manchon, A.
name: Ricci, M.
name: Carpentieri, M.
name: Finocchio, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A storage scheme based on racetrack memory, where the information can be coded in a domain or a skyrmion, seems to be an alternative to conventional hard disk drive for high density storage. Here, we perform a full micromagnetic study of the performance of synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) racetrack memory in terms of velocity and sensitivity to defects by using experimental parameters. We find that to stabilize a SAF skyrmion, the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in the top and the bottom ferromagnet should have an opposite sign. The velocity of SAF skyrmion and SAF Neel domain wall are of the same order and can reach values larger than 1200 m/s if a spin-orbit torque from the spin-Hall effect with opposite sign is applied to both ferromagnets.
Resolutions for unit groups of orders
Creators: name: Schönnenbeck, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F75, 11Y40, 16E05

description: We present a general algorithm for constructing a free resolution for unit groups of orders in semisimple rational algebras. The approach is based on computing a contractible $G$-complex employing the theory of minimal classes of quadratic forms and Opgenorth's theory of dual cones. The information from the complex is then used together with Wall's perturbation lemma to obtain the resolution.
Effective temperatures of classical Cepheids from line-depth ratios in the H-band
Creators: name: Kovtyukh, V.
name: Lemasle, B.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Bono, G.
name: da Silva, R.
name: Matsunaga, N.
name: Yushchenko, A.
name: Fukue, K.
name: Grebel, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The technique of line depth ratios (LDR) is one of the methods to determine the effective temperature of a star. They are crucial in the spectroscopic studies of variable stars like Cepheids since no simultaneous photometry is usually available. A good number of LDR-temperature relations are already available in the optical domain, here we want to expand the number of relations available in the near-infrared in order to fully exploit the capabilities of current and upcoming near-infrared spectrographs. We used 115 simultaneous spectroscopic observations in the optical and the near-infrared for six Cepheids and optical line depth ratios to find new pairs of lines sensitive to temperature and to calibrate LDR-temperature relations in the near-infrared spectral range. We have derived 87 temperature calibrations valid in the [4800-6500] K range of temperatures. The typical uncertainty for a given relation is 60-70 K, and combining many of them provides a final precision within 30-50 K. We found a discrepancy between temperatures derived from optical or near-infrared LDR for pulsations phases close to phi ~ 0.0 and we discuss the possible causes for these differences. Line depth ratios in the near-infrared will allow us to spectroscopically investigate highly reddened Cepheids in the Galactic centre or in the far side of the disk.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Published in MNRAS
The Prevalence of Gas Outflows in Type 2 AGNs. II. 3D Biconical Outflow Models
Creators: name: Bae, Hyun-Jin
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3D models of biconical outflows combined with a thin dust plane for investigating the physical properties of the ionized gas outflows and their effect on the observed gas kinematics in type 2 active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Using a set of input parameters, we construct a number of models in 3D and calculate the spatially integrated velocity and velocity dispersion for each model. We find that three primary parameters, i.e., intrinsic velocity, bicone inclination, and the amount of dust extinction, mainly determine the simulated velocity and velocity dispersion. Velocity dispersion increases as the intrinsic velocity or the bicone inclination increases, while velocity (i.e., velocity shifts with respect to systemic velocity) increases as the amount of dust extinction increases. Simulated emission-line profiles well reproduce the observed [O III] line profiles, e.g., a narrow core and a broad wing components. By comparing model grids and Monte Carlo simulations with the observed [O III] velocity-velocity dispersion (VVD) distribution of ~39,000 type 2 AGNs, we constrain the intrinsic velocity of gas outflows ranging from ~500 km/s to ~1000 km/s for the majority of AGNs, and up to ~1500-2000 km/s for extreme cases. The Monte Carlo simulations show that the number ratio of AGNs with negative [O III] velocity to AGNs with positive [O III] velocity correlates with the outflow opening angle, suggesting that outflows with higher intrinsic velocity tend to have wider opening angles. These results demonstrate the potential of our 3D models for studying the physical properties of gas outflows, applicable to various observations, including spatially integrated and resolved gas kinematics.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; matched with the ApJ published version
Mortality and cardiovascular diseases risk in patients with Barrett's oesophagus: a population-based nationwide cohort study
Creators: name: Lund, J.L.
name: Pedersen, L.
name: Erichsen, R.
name: Horvath-Puho, E.
name: Shaheen, N.J.
name: Dellon, E.S.
name: Davey Smith, G.
name: Sørensen, H.T.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Background: Patients with Barrett's oesophagus may be at increased risk of mortality overall, and cardiovascular disease has been suggested as the main underlying cause of death. Aim: To examine cause-specific mortality and risk of cardiovascular events among patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Methods: Utilising existing Danish data sources (1997–2011), we identified all patients with histologically verified Barrett's oesophagus (n = 13 435) and 123 526 members of the general population matched by age, sex and individual comorbidities. We calculated cause-specific mortality rates and incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases. We then compared rates between patients with Barrett's oesophagus and the general population comparison cohort, using stratified Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: Patients with Barrett's oesophagus had a 71% increased risk of overall mortality. The cause-specific mortality rate per 1000 person-years for patients with Barrett's oesophagus was 8.5 for cardiovascular diseases, 14.7 for non-oesophageal cancers, and 5.4 for oesophageal cancer. Compared to the general population cohort, corresponding hazard ratios were 1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15–1.38), 1.77 (95% CI: 1.65–1.90), and 19.4 (95% CI: 16.1–23.4), respectively. The incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases per 1000 person-years for Barrett's oesophagus patients and for persons from the general population cohort, respectively, varied from 0.4 and 0.2 for subarachnoid bleeding (hazard ratio 1.10, 95% CI: 0.87–1.39) to 8.1 and 5.9 for congestive heart failure (hazard ratio 1.33, 95% CI: 1.21–1.46). Conclusion: Prophylactic measures targeted at cardiovascular diseases and non-oesophageal cancers potentially could be more important than measures against oesophageal cancer, for improving prognosis among patients with Barrett's oesophagus.
LOFAR-BG Current State
Creators: name: Dechev, Momchil
name: Kozarev, Kamen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: LOFAR,

description: In May 2020, the infrastructure project LOFAR-
 BG, coordinated by the Institute of Astronomy and
 National Astronomical Observatory (IANAO), was
 approved for inclusion in the updated National Roadmap
 for Scientific Infrastructure 2020-2027 (NRSI), created
 and supported by Bulgaria’s Ministry of Education and
 Science. Currently, members of the national consortium
 for managing the project also include the Dept. of
 Astronomy of Sofia University, the Dept. of Astronomy
 of Shumen University, as well as the Dept. of Radio
 Communication and Video Technologies of the Technical
 University-Sofia. In the future, we will be adding new
 partners to the consortium.
Interferometric apodization by homothety -- I. Optimization of the device parameters
Creators: name: Chafi, Jamal
name: Azhari, Youssef El
name: Azagrouze, Ossama
name: Jabiri, Abdelhadi
name: Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
name: Habib, Abdelfatah
name: Errazzouki, Youssef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is focused on the very high dynamic imaging field, specifically the direct observation of exoplanetary systems. The coronagraph is an essential technique for suppressing the star's light, making it possible to detect an exoplanet with a very weak luminosity compared to its host star. Apodization improves the rejection of the coronagraph, thereby increasing its sensitivity. This work presents the apodization method by interferometry using homothety, with either a rectangular or circular aperture. We discuss the principle method, the proposed experimental setup, and present the obtained results by optimizing the free parameters of the system while concentrating the maximum of the light energy in the central diffraction lobe, with a concentration rate of 93.6\% for the circular aperture and 91.5\% for the rectangular geometry. The obtained results enabled scaling the various elements of the experiment in accordance with practical constraints. Simulation results are presented for both circular and rectangular apertures. We performed simulations on a hexagonal aperture, both with and without a central obstruction, as well as a segmented aperture similar to the one used in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). This approach enables the attainment of a contrast of approximately $10^{-4}$ at small angular separations, specifically around $1.8λ/D$. When integrated with a coronagraph, this technique exhibits great promise. These findings confirm that our proposed technique can effectively enhance the performance of a coronagraph.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: tomographic BAO analysis of DR12 combined sample in Fourier space
Creators: name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Wang, Yuting
name: Saito, Shun
name: Wang, Dandan
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Olmstead, Matthew D.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: Samushia, Lado
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Thomas, Daniel
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Zhu, Fangzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a tomographic baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) analysis using the monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole of the redshift-space galaxy power spectrum measured from the pre-reconstructed combined galaxy sample of the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release (DR)12 covering the redshift range of $0.20
description: 20 pages, 22 figures; version accepted by MNRAS; This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS; The BAO measurements including the full covariance matrices presented in this work and a CosmoMC patch to use this measurement for cosmology is available at https://sdss3.org//science/boss_publications.php
A calculation of the room temperature elastic constants of caesium thiocyanate
Creators: name: Hua., G.L.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The isotopic effects in the scattering and the kinetics of the atomic cascade
Creators: name: Popov, V. P.
name: Pomerantsev, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {\it Ab initio} quantum-mechanical calculations of the differential and integrated cross sections of the elastic scattering, Stark transitions, and Coulomb de-excitation at collisions of excited $μ^- p$ and $μ^- d$ atoms with hydrogen isotope atoms in the ground state are performed. The scattering processes are treated in a unified manner in the framework of the close-coupling approach. The used basis includes both open and closed channels corresponding to all exotic atom states with principal quantum numbers from $n=1$ up to $n_{\rm max}=20$. The energy shifts of $ns$ states due to electron vacuum polarization and finite nuclear size are taken into account. The kinetics of atomic cascade of $μ^- p$ and $μ^- d$ atoms are studied in a wide range of relative target densities ($φ= 10^{-8} -1$) within the improved version of the extended cascade model. The results of the numerical quantum-mechanical calculations of the cross sections for quantum numbers and kinetic energies of muonic atoms, that are of interest for the detailed cascade calculations, are used as input data. Initial $(n,l,E)$-distributions of muonic atoms at the instant of their formation and the target motion are taken into account explicitly in present cascade calculations. The comparison of the calculated cross sections, kinetic energy distributions at the instant of the $np\to 1s$ radiative transitions as well as the absolute and relative $x$-ray yields for both muonic hydrogen and muonic deuterium reveals the isotopic effects, which, in principal, may be observed experimentally. The present results are mainly in very good agreement with experimental data available in the literature.
description: 22 pages, 23 figures