cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) – carbon nanostructure (CNS) composites: synthesis and application in base-catalysed condensation reactions
Creators: name: Morales Vega, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The activity and selectivity produced by novel Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) supported in both multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and graphene oxide (GO) was investigated for a set of base-catalysed aldol condensation reactions. The MWNT/LDH composites were studied in the self-condensation of acetone and retroaldolization of diacetone alcohol (DAA), while the GO/LDH materials were used in the latter reaction, as well as the benzaldehyde-acetone condensation, where the material was activated in-situ. The effect of carbon content was investigated with the aim to compare the performance of the solids during reaction. Adding the LDH into either carbon support increases dispersion and generally decreases LDH particle size, which produces an increment in both surface area and the availability of basic sites in the hybrids. As a result, activity in all three condensation processes is enhanced by 3 to 4 times, in comparison to the unsupported LDH. Similarly, stability during reaction is also increased. However, problems regarding the use of LDH and the composites were identified. Activated unsupported meixnerite-type LDH (OH- interlayer anion) has high initial activity, but tends to deactivate faster. This effect can be reduced by using the nanocarbon supports. The use of MWNT as support allows increased rates to be achieved compared to GO, but high contents of this less volume efficient support are necessary. The pre-treatment stage of MWNT is also extremely lengthy, while care should be taken during MWNT purification before composite synthesis, as carbon debris could hinder activity greatly, especially at higher loadings. Conversely, very low amounts of GO material lead to the best activity in this study, probably related to the coherence between the natural charge and geometry between the LDH and GO layers. Nevertheless, both types of composites tend to adsorb reaction products at long reaction times, which possibly reduces the availability of basic sites of the catalysts. The self-condensation of acetone is an equilibrium limited process where the highest conversion is achieved at 273 K. This hinders the ability to compare the basic properties of the materials appropriately. The problem is avoided by studying the catalytic effect of the composites in the DAA retroaldolization, which requires low amounts of catalyst and rates can be compared at mild conditions. The in-situ activation study of benzaldehyde-acetone condensation showed that higher Mg content and the use of the carbon supports increases both activity and selectivity towards the desired product, benzalacetone.
Utilisation of cement kiln dust for the activation of fly ash in low strength applications
Creators: name: Beltagui, H.
name: Sonebi, M.
name: Maguire, K.
name: Taylor, S.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2017

description: Cement kiln dust (CKD) is a by-product of the cement manufacturing process, the composition of which can vary widely. Recent years of using alternative fuels have resulted in higher chloride and alkali contents within CKDs; as such, this limits the applications in which CKDs can be utilised. Due to the high alkalinity of CKDs, they can potentially be utilised in the activation of pulverized fuel ash (PFA) for low strength un-reinforced applications. The potential reactivity of a CKD can be estimated from its composition; mainly, that which contains higher free-lime content will be more reactive than that containing higher unreactive calcium carbonate content. This study focuses on the hydration kinetics and mechanical properties of a CKD with 29.5% free lime blended in various proportions with PFA and Portland cement. Paste samples using a water to binder ratio of 0.35 were cast in 40 x 40 x 160 mm moulds, and the resulting compressive strengths measured at 28 and 56 days. The hydration products at 56 days were investigated by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the CKD, containing high free-lime content, has the potential to activate PFA and provide sufficient mechanical properties for low strength applications.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 35 No 2 (2017): Special Issue - ICBBM 2017
Synthesis, structure and characterizations of a new antiferromagnetic manganese(II) dichloro-bridged 1-D polymer decorated by 5-amino-1-H-tetrazole
Creators: name: Buvaylo, Elena A.
name: Kokozay, Vladimir N.
name: Vassilyeva, Olga Yu.
name: Skelton, Brian W.
name: Degtyarik, Mikhail M.
name: Korabik, Maria
name: Jezierska, Julia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: [Mn(5-ATZ)2Cl2]n (1) (5-ATZ – 5-amino-1-H-tetrazole) was synthesized from the reaction of 5-ATZ and manganese(II) chloride and isolated by solution evaporation at room temperature. 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, infrared and EPR spectroscopy as well as magnetic measurements. In the crystal structure, [Mn(5-ATZ)2Cl2] units are linked by double μ2-bridging chlorides to form 1-D chains parallel to the a-axis. The Mn sphere approximates to octahedral with the metal coordinated by four chlorides in the equatorial plane and two 5-ATZ molecules, bound through their ring nitrogens, in axial positions. The intramolecular N–H···Cl hydrogen bond between the 5-ATZ amino group and the adjacent coordinated Cl- stabilizes the chain. N–H···N hydrogen bonds between adjacent chains form a 3D supramolecular framework. No hyperfine coupling to the Mn nuclei (I = 5/2) is observed in the powdered EPR spectrum of 1 at 77 K. The frozen solution EPR spectrum provides evidence of the mononuclearity of 1 in methanol. The magnetic properties have been analyzed using the Hamiltonian H = –J∑Si · Si+1 with J = −1.38(3) cm−1 and g = 2.00(1). A small value of the exchange parameter is typical for 1-D six-coordinate bis(μ2-chloro) Mn(II) polymers.
title: A leng song: The Great Cyclone (rehearsal)
title: Chant leng: Le grand Cyclone (répétition)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: François, Alexandre
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Olrat
subject: olr
subject: text_and_corpus_linguistics

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Explication
Greater aortic inflammation and calcification in abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease than atherosclerosis: a prospective matched cohort study.
Creators: name: Joshi, Nikhil V
name: Elkhawad, Maysoon
name: Forsythe, Rachael O
name: McBride, Olivia M B
name: Rajani, Nikil K
name: Tarkin, Jason M
name: Chowdhury, Mohammed M
name: Donoghue, Emma
name: Robson, Jennifer M J
name: Boyle, Jonathan
name: Fryer, Tim D
name: Huang, Yuan
name: Teng, Zhongzhao
name: Dweck, Marc R
name: Tawakol, Ahmed A
name: Gillard, Jonathan H
name: Coughlin, Patrick A
name: Wilkinson, Ian B
name: Newby, David E
name: Rudd, James H F
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Atherosclerosis
Aneurysms
Pet-ct
Aaa

description: Objective:Using combined positron emission tomography and CT (PET-CT), we measured aortic inflammation and calcification in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), and compared them with matched controls with atherosclerosis. Methods:We prospectively recruited 63 patients (mean age 76.1±6.8 years) with asymptomatic aneurysm disease (mean size 4.33±0.73 cm) and 19 age-and-sex-matched patients with confirmed atherosclerosis but no aneurysm. Inflammation and calcification were assessed using combined 18F-FDG PET-CT and quantified using tissue-to-background ratios (TBRs) and Agatston scores. Results:In patients with AAA, 18F-FDG uptake was higher within the aneurysm than in other regions of the aorta (mean TBRmax2.23±0.46 vs 2.12±0.46, p=0.02). Compared with atherosclerotic control subjects, both aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal aortae showed higher 18F-FDG accumulation (total aorta mean TBRmax2.16±0.51 vs 1.70±0.22, p=0.001; AAA mean TBRmax2.23±0.45 vs 1.68±0.21, p<0.0001). Aneurysms containing intraluminal thrombus demonstrated lower 18F-FDG uptake within their walls than those without (mean TBRmax2.14±0.43 vs 2.43±0.45, p=0.018), with thrombus itself showing low tracer uptake (mean TBRmax thrombus 1.30±0.48 vs aneurysm wall 2.23±0.46, p<0.0001). Calcification in the aneurysmal segment was higher than both non-aneurysmal segments in patients with aneurysm (Agatston 4918 (2901-8008) vs 1017 (139-2226), p<0.0001) and equivalent regions in control patients (442 (304-920) vs 166 (80-374) Agatston units per cm, p=0.0042). Conclusions:The entire aorta is more inflamed in patients with aneurysm than in those with atherosclerosis, perhaps suggesting a generalised inflammatory aortopathy in patients with aneurysm. Calcification was prominent within the aneurysmal sac, with the remainder of the aorta being relatively spared. The presence of intraluminal thrombus, itself metabolically relatively inert, was associated with lower levels of inflammation in the adjacent aneurysmal wall.
ДЕГИДРИРОВАНИЕ ЭТИЛБЕНЗОЛА: ОДНА ИЛИ ДВЕ СТУПЕНИ
Creators: name: Терехин Рудольф Михайлович
name: Ривин Эрвин Михайлович
Publisher: name: Промышленное производство и использование эластомеров
Year: 2019
Subjects: стирол
дегидрирование этилбензола
реактор

description: Рассмотрены недостатки процесса дегидрирования этилбензола при получении стирола в двухступенчатом реакторе. Показано, что при дегидрировании в одной ступени на современном катализаторе под давлением ниже атмосферного и конверсии 40-42% одноступенчатый способ имеет преимущества: более эффективное использование катализатора, повышение селективности, практическое отсутствие фенилацетилена и возможности образования диэтили дивинилбензолов. На существующих установках предлагаемый способ позволит повысить мощность более чем на 25%.
СОПОЛИМЕРЫ СТИРОЛА, НИТРИЛА И ДИВИНИЛА В МЕТАЛЛ-ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСАХ
Creators: name: Каримов Эдуард Хасанович
name: Пузин Юрий Иванович
name: Даминев Рустем Рифович
name: Сафиуллина Ильнара Исрафиловна
name: Каримов Олег Хасанович
name: Мовсумзаде Эльдар Мирсамедович
Publisher: name: Промышленное производство и использование эластомеров
Year: 2019
Subjects: стирол
АБС-пластик
полиакрилонитрил
акрилонитрил
хлорид цинка
хлорид кобальта
сульфат никеля.

description: В работе показан синтез металл-полимерных комплексов. В качестве полимерной основы использовали полиакрилонитрил, поли(стирол-акрилонитрил), акрил-бутадиен-стирольный полимер. Набухание полимеров проводили солями металлов ZnCl2, CoCl2, NiSO4. Синтезированные соединения изучали методами ИК-спектроскопии и элементными анализами. Пространственную структуру комплексов и механизм взаимодействия рассчитывали методом квантово-химического программирования. Область применение таких комплексов связана с их высокими антибактериальными свойствами.
Fast, nonlocal and neural: a lightweight high quality solution to image denoising
Creators: name: Guo, Yu
name: Davy, Axel
name: Facciolo, Gabriele
name: Morel, Jean-Michel
name: Jin, Qiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the widespread application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the traditional model based denoising algorithms are now outperformed. However, CNNs face two problems. First, they are computationally demanding, which makes their deployment especially difficult for mobile terminals. Second, experimental evidence shows that CNNs often over-smooth regular textures present in images, in contrast to traditional non-local models. In this letter, we propose a solution to both issues by combining a nonlocal algorithm with a lightweight residual CNN. This solution gives full latitude to the advantages of both models. We apply this framework to two GPU implementations of classic nonlocal algorithms (NLM and BM3D) and observe a substantial gain in both cases, performing better than the state-of-the-art with low computational requirements. Our solution is between 10 and 20 times faster than CNNs with equivalent performance and attains higher PSNR. In addition the final method shows a notable gain on images containing complex textures like the ones of the MIT Moire dataset.
description: 5 pages. This paper was accepted by IEEE Signal Processing Letters on July 1, 2021
Neuroprotection by noble gases in models of brain injury
Creators: name: Koziakova, Mariia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Background: There has been a growing interest in the use of noble gases as potential novel treatment agents against brain injury. This thesis investigates the neuroprotective properties of the inert gases xenon, argon, krypton and neon in two models – in vitro ischemic brain injury and in vivo blast brain injury. Methods: The in vitro ischemic model used mouse organotypic hippocampal brain slices subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Injury was quantified using propidium iodide fluorescence. In the blast model rats were exposed to a single or multiple shock waves using a compressed-gas shock tube. Motor and neurologic function of animals was assessed at different time points after injury. Results: Xenon (0.5 atm) and argon (0.5 atm) are neuroprotective in ischemic injury (xenon 70 ± 4% protection at 24 h after injury [n = 95]; argon 75 ± 5% protection [n = 52]; mean ± SEM) in an in vitro model of ischemic brain injury. Neon and krypton lack neuroprotective properties. Glycine reversed the neuroprotective effect of xenon, but not argon. Combined treatment with argon (0.35 atm) and progesterone (0.5 μM) did not cause an injury reduction. To establish and characterize the novel in vivo blast TBI model a series of experiments with one or three shock waves were performed. Three shock waves (260 kPa peak overpressure, 1ms duration) resulted in a significant motor and neurological deficit. Treatment with 50% xenon for 3 hours after injury did not cause a significant improvement of motor and neurologic function. Conclusions: Xenon and argon are equally protective in an in vitro model of ischemic brain injury. Neon and krypton do not exhibit neuroprotective properties. Xenon neuroprotection can be reversed by increased concentration of glycine. Argon and xenon act via different mechanisms. Xenon did not improve motor or neurologic function in our in vivo blast TBI model.
Characterization as Style in Alkali-s The Stillborn, Ba-s So Long a Letter, and Adichie-s -Imitation.pdf
Creators: name: Kalu, Kalu  Obasi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470501
subject: African literature

description: Stillborn has given a new vent to the portrayal of the female character in literary discourse. Female writers such as Alkali, Ba, and Adichie among others now present their heroines with the view of showing their male counterparts the appropriate manner of co-existence in the society, to affirm their position of complementarity in society, rise above the challenges of partriachy and subjugation, show self identity, revolt, if necessary, and assume the rightful space in marriage. This paper addresses these issues using the works of Zainab Alkali's The Still born (1993), Mariama Ba's So Long A Letter (1986), and a short story "Imitation" in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's collection of short stories The Thing Around Your Neck (1997). It also attempts to address the issue of the use of characterization by female writers to show the comparative relevance of the female folk in a patriarchal society.
Concise Total Synthesis of Ieodomycin A and B
Creators: name: Xiaoji Wang
name: Jianting Zhang
name: Liping Wang
name: Shipeng Chen
name: Linjun Tang
name: Shuangping Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A concise total synthesis of ieodomycin A and B was achieved in six and seven steps respectively from commercially available geraniol, which involved the construction of the C-5 hydroxyl via an Ti(OiPr)4/(S)-BINOL-mediated asymmetric aldol reaction as the key step.
Virtual SGC Drug Discovery Escape Room
Creators: name: Williams, Eleanor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: education

description: EDIT: V2 now available! Please use this one! The SGC virtual escape room is a version of the 'in person' escape room created with funding by Wellcome to educate about the processes of drug discovery. Due to Covid-19 we were unable to take the escape room to as many engagements and festivals as we were hoping and so an online version was created and shared freely. Given it was always meant to be an 'in person' experience, the virtual version is very much a work in progress and so we'd be very keen to get some feedback to help improve it - this includes if you have any time, skill and inclination to turn the format into something better than excel! My huge thanks go to the design team of the original escape room who made all of this possible. The Creative team for this consisted of: Margaret Young, Didi He, Conor Wild, Alison Howarth, Elizabeth Brown, Thomas Christott, Matthew Croker, Fiona Sorrell and Lizbe Koekemoer. For any questions or comments, please email me at eleanor.williams@sgc.ox.ac.uk
description: Funding Acknowledgment: The SGC is a registered charity (number 1097737) that receives funds from AbbVie, Bayer Pharma AG, Boehringer Ingelheim, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Eshelman Institute for Innovation, Genome Canada through Ontario Genomics Institute [OGI-055], Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU/EFPIA) [ULTRA-DD grant no. 115766], Janssen, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, MSD, Novartis Pharma AG, Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science (MRIS), Pfizer, São Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP, Takeda, and Wellcome.
Virtual SGC Drug Discovery Escape Room
Creators: name: Williams, Eleanor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: education

description: The SGC virtual escape room is a version of the 'in person' escape room created with funding by Wellcome to educate about the processes of drug discovery. Due to Covid-19 we were unable to take the escape room to as many engagements and festivals as we were hoping and so an online version was created and shared freely. Given it was always meant to be an 'in person' experience, the virtual version is very much a work in progress and so we'd be very keen to get some feedback to help improve it - this includes if you have any time, skill and inclination to turn the format into something better than excel! My huge thanks go to the design team of the original escape room who made all of this possible. The Creative team for this consisted of: Margaret Young, Didi He, Conor Wild, Alison Howarth, Elizabeth Brown, Thomas Christott, Matthew Croker, Fiona Sorrell and Lizbe Koekemoer. For any questions or comments, please email me at eleanor.williams@sgc.ox.ac.uk
description: Funding Acknowledgment: The SGC is a registered charity (number 1097737) that receives funds from AbbVie, Bayer Pharma AG, Boehringer Ingelheim, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Eshelman Institute for Innovation, Genome Canada through Ontario Genomics Institute [OGI-055], Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU/EFPIA) [ULTRA-DD grant no. 115766], Janssen, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, MSD, Novartis Pharma AG, Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science (MRIS), Pfizer, São Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP, Takeda, and Wellcome.
Leaching assessments of toxic metals in waste plasma display panel glass
Creators: name: Mengjun Chen
name: Pengfei Jiang
name: Haiyan Chen
name: Oladele A. Ogunseitan
name: Yungui Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The plasma display panel (PDP) is rapidly becoming obsolete, contributing in large amounts to the electronic waste stream. In order to assess the potential for environmental pollution due to hazardous metals leached from PDP glass, standardized leaching procedures, chemical speciation assessments, and bioavailability tests were conducted. According to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), arsenic in back glass was present at 4.46 ± 0.22 mg/L, close to its regulation limit of 5 mg/L. Zn is not available in the TCLP, but its TCLP leaching concentration in back glass is 102.96 ± 5.34 mg/L. This is because more than 90% of Zn is in the soluble and exchangeable and carbonate fraction. We did not detect significant levels of Ag, Ba, or Cu in the TCLP leachate, and the main fraction of Ag and Ba is residual, more than 95%, while the fraction distribution of Cu changes SEP by SEP. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)- and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Ag, As, Ba, Cu, Zn, and Ni indicate a lower biohazards potential. These results show that, according to the EPA regulations, PDP glass may not be classified as hazardous waste because none of the metals exceeded their thresholds in PDP leachate. However, the concentrations of As and Zn should be lowered in the manufacturing process and finished product to avoid potential pollution problems.Implications: The plasma display panel is rapidly becoming obsolete because of the liquid crystal display. In this study, the leachability of heavy metals contained in the waste plasma display panel glass was first examined by standardized leaching tests, typical chemical speciation assessments, and bioavailability tests, providing fundamental data for waste PDP glass recovery, recycling, and reuse.
Comprehensive analysis of human small RNA sequencing data provides insights into expression profiles and miRNA editing
Creators: name: Gong, Jing
name: Yuliang Wu
name: Xiantong Zhang
name: Yifang Liao
name: Vusumuzi Leroy Sibanda
name: Liu, Wei
name: An-Yuan Guo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key regulatory roles in various biological processes and diseases. A comprehensive analysis of large scale small RNA sequencing data (smRNA-seq) will be very helpful to explore tissue or disease specific miRNA markers and uncover miRNA variants. Here, we systematically analyzed 410 human smRNA-seq datasets, which samples are from 24 tissue/disease/cell lines. We tested the mapping strategies and found that it was necessary to make multiple-round mappings with different mismatch parameters. miRNA expression profiles revealed that on average ∼70% of known miRNAs were expressed at low level or not expressed (RPM < 1) in a sample and only ∼9% of known miRNAs were relatively highly expressed (RPM > 100). About 30% known miRNAs were not expressed in all of our used samples. The miRNA expression profiles were compiled into an online database (HMED, http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/smallRNA/). Dozens of tissue/disease specific miRNAs, disease/control dysregulated miRNAs and miRNAs with arm switching events were discovered. Further, we identified some highly confident editing sites including 24 A-to-I sites and 23 C-to-U sites. About half of them were widespread miRNA editing sites in different tissues. We characterized that the 2 types of editing sites have different features with regard to location, editing level and frequency. Our analyses for expression profiles, specific miRNA markers, arm switching, and editing sites, may provide valuable information for further studies of miRNA function and biomarker finding.
A Concise Total Synthesis of Ieodomycin A and B
Creators: name: Xiaoji Wang
name: Jianting Zhang
name: Liping Wang
name: Shipeng Chen
name: Linjun Tang
name: Shuangping Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A concise total synthesis of ieodomycin A and B was achieved in 6 and 7 steps respectively from commercially available geraniol, which involved the construction of the C-5 hydroxyl via an Ti(OiPr)4/(S)-BINOL-mediated asymmetric aldol reaction as the key step.
Data based constitutive modelling of rate independent inelastic effects in composite cables using Preisach hysteresis operators
Creators: name: Manfredo, Davide
name: Dörlich, Vanessa
name: Linn, Joachim
name: Arnold, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution aims at introducing first steps to develop hysteresis operator type inelastic constitutive laws for Cosserat rods for the simulation of cables composed of complex interior components. Motivated by the basic elements of Cosserat rod theory, we develop a specific approach to constitutive modelling adapted for this application. Afterwards, we describe the hysteretical behaviour arising from cyclic bending experiments on cables by means of the Preisach operator. As shown in pure bending experiments, slender structures such as electric cables behave inelastically, and open hysteresis loops arise with noticeable difference between the first load cycle and the following ones. The Preisach operator plays an important role in describing the input-output relation in hysteresis behaviours, and it can be expressed as a superposition of relay operators. Hence, a mathematical formulation of the problem is introduced, and a first attempt is made to determine the hysteresis behaviour that describes the relation between curvature and bending moment. Therefore, a suitable kernel function is identified in a way that its integration over the Preisach plane results in the bending moment of the specimen, and a comparison between different kernel functions is performed.
Comprehensive analysis of human small RNA sequencing data provides insights into expression profiles and miRNA editing
Creators: name: Gong, Jing
name: Yuliang Wu
name: Xiantong Zhang
name: Yifang Liao
name: Vusumuzi Leroy Sibanda
name: Liu, Wei
name: An-Yuan Guo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key regulatory roles in various biological processes and diseases. A comprehensive analysis of large scale small RNA sequencing data (smRNA-seq) will be very helpful to explore tissue or disease specific miRNA markers and uncover miRNA variants. Here, we systematically analyzed 410 human smRNA-seq datasets, which samples are from 24 tissue/disease/cell lines. We tested the mapping strategies and found that it was necessary to make multiple-round mappings with different mismatch parameters. miRNA expression profiles revealed that on average ∼70% of known miRNAs were expressed at low level or not expressed (RPM < 1) in a sample and only ∼9% of known miRNAs were relatively highly expressed (RPM > 100). About 30% known miRNAs were not expressed in all of our used samples. The miRNA expression profiles were compiled into an online database (HMED, http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/smallRNA/). Dozens of tissue/disease specific miRNAs, disease/control dysregulated miRNAs and miRNAs with arm switching events were discovered. Further, we identified some highly confident editing sites including 24 A-to-I sites and 23 C-to-U sites. About half of them were widespread miRNA editing sites in different tissues. We characterized that the 2 types of editing sites have different features with regard to location, editing level and frequency. Our analyses for expression profiles, specific miRNA markers, arm switching, and editing sites, may provide valuable information for further studies of miRNA function and biomarker finding.
Leaching Assessments of Toxic Metals in Waste Plasma Display Panel Glass
Creators: name: Mengjun Chen
name: Pengfei Jiang
name: Haiyan Chen
name: Oladele A. Ogunseitan
name: Yungui Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: ABSTRACTPlasma display panel (PDP) is rapidly becoming obsolete, contributing in large amounts to the electronic waste stream. In order to assess the potential for environmental pollution due to hazardous metals leached from PDP glass, standardized leaching procedures, chemical speciation assessments and bioavailability tests were conducted. According to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Arsenic in back glass was 4.46±0.22 mg/L, close to its regulation limit 5 mg/L. Zn is not available in TCLP, but its TCLP leaching concentration in back glass is 102.96±5.34 mg/L. This is because over 90% Zn is in the soluble & exchangeable & carbonate fraction. We did not detect significant levels of Ag, Ba or Cu in the TCLP leachate and the main fraction of Ag and Ba is residual, more than 95%, while the fraction distribution of Cu changes SEP by SEP. EDTA- and DTPA-extractable Ag, As, Ba, Cu, Zn and Ni indicates a lower biohazards potential. These results show that, according to the US EPA regulations, PDP glass may not be classified to hazardous waste because none of the metals exceeded their thresholds in PDP leachate. However, the concentrations of As and Zn should be lowered in the manufacturing process and finished product to avoid potential pollution problems. Implication StatementPlasma display panel is rapidly becoming obsolete because of liquid crystal display. In this study, the leachability of heavy metals contained in the waste plasma display panel glass was firstly discussed by standardized leaching tests, typical chemical speciation assessments and bioavailability tests, providing fundamental data for waste PDP glass recovery, recycling and reuse.
A framework to minimize energy consumption for wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: Shu, Feng
name: Sakurai, Taka
name: Vu, Hai
name: Zukerman, Moshe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a framework to minimize energy consumption in the medium access control (MAC) layer for wireless sensor networks. While satisfying a range of quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as the packet transmission success rate and maximum delay constraint, we optimally choose the lengths of periods in which sensors are active and inactive, such that the energy consumption per unit time in the entire network is minimized. We first use our framework to optimize the values of the MAC attributes macBeaconOrder and macSuperframeOrder in an IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled star network. Then we consider a much simpler protocol, which we call 'select-and-transmit' (S&T), and the same framework is applied to find the optimal lengths of the active and inactive portions. Finally, we compare the minimal energy consumption of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and S&T under the same QoS requirements and show that the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC outperforms S&T in most cases. However, the S&T MAC performs better than the standard under our framework in certain scenarios, e.g., event-driven sensor networks where the packet transmission success rate is usually low.
Characterization of the low electric field and zero-temperature two-level-system loss in hydrogenated amorphous silicon
Creators: name: Defrance, Fabien
name: Beyer, Andrew D.
name: Shu, Shibo
name: Sayers, Jack
name: Golwala, Sunil R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-level systems (TLS) are an important, if not dominant, source of loss and noise for superconducting resonators such as those used in kinetic inductance detectors and some quantum information science platforms. They are similarly important for loss in photolithographically fabricated superconducting mm-wave/THz transmission lines. For both lumped-element and transmission-line structures, native amorphous surface oxide films are typically the sites of such TLS in non-microstripline geometries, while loss in the (usually amorphous) dielectric film itself usually dominates in microstriplines. We report here on the demonstration of low TLS loss at GHz frequencies in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition in superconducting lumped-element resonators using parallel-plate capacitors (PPCs). The values we obtain from two recipes in different deposition machines, 7$\,\times\,10^{-6}$ and 12$\,\times\,10^{-6}$, improve on the best achieved in the literature by a factor of 2--4 for a-Si:H and are comparable to recent measurements of amorphous germanium. Moreover, we have taken care to extract the true zero-temperature, low-field loss tangent of these films, accounting for temperature and field saturation effects that can yield misleading results. Such robustly fabricated and characterized films render the use of PPCs with deposited amorphous films a viable architecture for superconducting resonators, and they also promise extremely low loss and high quality factor for photolithographically fabricated superconducting mm-wave/THz transmission lines used in planar antennas and resonant filters.
Screening for broad spectrum antagonistic bacteria to control the causal agents of anthracnose disease and promote plant growth
Creators: name: Yontida Chanachia;Petcharat Thummabenjapone
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2020
Subjects: biological control, Chilli diseases, plant growth promoting bacteria, bacteria for phosphate solubilization,

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48, 2, 333-344
Using Digitized Collections-Based Data in Research: A Hands-On Crash Course in Ecological Niche Modeling
Creators: name: Marchant, Blaine
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2020

description: Step-by-step, hands-on instruction on ways to access and download these specimen data, how to process climate layer data, and how to apply Maxent software to construct ecological niche models.
Investigating the role of nutrient-sensing pathways and senescence in stem cell competition and early mammalian development
Creators: name: Bowling, Sarah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Cell competition is a quality control mechanism that eliminates cells which are viable but less fit than surrounding cells. The outcome of cell competition is enhanced organismal fitness as the process prevents the propagation of cells which are oncogenic, mispatterned, or otherwise sub-optimal. Cell competition research has largely been performed in flies, although recently it was found that cells in the early mammalian embryo are sensitive to competitive interactions. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the elimination of less fit cells in this system remain largely unknown. Here, we interrogate competition mechanisms in the early mammalian embryo. First, we postulate that senescence may have a role in mediating the out-competition of defective cells. While our evidence does not provide support for this framework, we observed an upregulation of senescence-associated phenotypes in the early post-implantation epiblast. Second, we find that the confrontation of cells with different fitness levels leads to a repression of mTOR signalling in the less-fit cell type. This repression is sufficient to trigger apoptosis, and hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway rescues loser cell elimination and allows less-fit tetraploid cells to contribute to later developmental stages. Finally, we find that less-fit cell types are marked by elevated levels of p53, and loss of p53 prevents both loser cell elimination and mTOR pathway repression. Furthermore, mutations affecting p53/mTOR activity increase the competitive ability of cells within the embryo and cause tissue overgrowths that prevent proper morphogenesis and patterning. Our results shed light on the mechanisms of cell competition in development but also allude to a role for cell competition in the elimination of damaged or nutrient-stressed cells prior to gastrulation.
The viscoelastic response of fibre - reinforced composites
Creators: name: Pathan, Mehtab Vashiahmed
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) exhibit high specific stiffness and damping capacity making them an excellent choice for aerospace applications. However, absence of accurate predictive tools (analytical/numerical) are limiting their optimal use in industry. High fidelity numerical methods offer potential solution that would lead to an accurate prediction of their mechanical properties, resulting in relatively faster material concept development with significantly reduced testing costs and time. In this work, numerical simulations are performed to predict the anisotropic linear-viscoelastic response of the unidirectional (UD) FRPs at both fibre-matrix level (microscale) and laminate level (mesoscale). At micro-scale, a new algorithm is developed to generate virtual representative microstructures and their spatial characteristics are compared to those observed in real fibre composites micrographs. A virtual material test bed has been developed, which enables performing automatic Monte-Carlo (MC) analysis of stochastic volume elements using periodic boundary conditions. Based on such an analysis, a new minimum RVE size has been proposed to predict the homogenized anisotropic viscoelastic response of the UD FRPs. Predictions of the numerical model have been validated using experiments performed on UD CFRP beams with an accuracy of 15% for the case of stiffness properties. It has been shown that none of the current theories accurately predict the full anisotropic response and a new simple interpolative analytical model has been proposed, allowing the designers to predict stiffness and damping properties of FRPs without performing computationally intensive MC simulations. The virtual material test bed has also been extended to study the effects of novel, non-cylindrical fibre shapes as well as the effects of geometric and mechanical properties of fibre interphase on the mechanical performance of UD FRPs. It has been found that unsymmetrical fibre shapes have minor increase in damping capacity due to marked stress concentrations. At macroscale, a constrained genetic algorithm has been developed and applied to the case of damping optimization in a hybrid FRP laminate with viscoelastic inserts, considering laminate layup, ply thickness and location of the viscoelastic inserts as the design variables.
Investigating the functional domains of horma-domain protein HTP-1 during C. elegans meiosis
Creators: name: Telecan, Oana Diana Petruta
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Proper chromosome segregation during meiosis requires homologue recognition, synapsis and recombination during meiotic prophase, followed by two-step release of sister chromatid cohesion (SCC) during the meiotic divisions. All these events are promoted by a conserved family of HORMA-domain proteins, which associate with the chromosome axes at the start of meiotic prophase. In C. elegans, HORMA-domain protein HTP-1 promotes homologue pairing, participates in an early prophase checkpoint that monitors synaptonemal complex assembly, promotes the formation of inter-homologue crossover events during meiotic recombination, and, along with its paralogue HTP-2, prevents the premature release of SCC during the first meiotic division. However, the molecular mechanisms by which HTP-1 exerts its functions remain unknown. HTP-1 consists of a HORMA domain (~220 amino acids) that is structurally similar to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein Mad2 and from two additional N- and C-terminal domains extending from the HORMA domain whose role has previously remained uncharacterised. Here, I show that the HORMA-domain of HTP-1 is required for HTP-1 loading to axial elements by engaging into a physical interaction with HTP-3 and that this interaction is disrupted by a point mutation at M127. I also show that the HTP-1 N-terminal region (first 30 amino acids) is essential to prevent the precocious release of SCC during the first meiotic division by acting as a platform for recruitment of the PP1 phosphatase interactor LAB-1 to axial elements, locally antagonizing H3 T3 phosphorylation, a chromatin mark that recruits Aurora B. Finally, I assign a role for the C-terminus of HTP-1 in supporting the protein's functions in homologue pairing and synapsis checkpoints as well as in promoting initiation of recombination by acting as a regulator of the master kinase CHK-2. All in all, this study uncovers unexpected roles for the meiotic HORMADs as local regulators of histone modifications and of kinase activity.
Multicriteria analysis of hemp particles’ impact on physical and thermo-mechanical performances of hemp concrete
Creators: name: Niyigena, C.
name: Amziane, S.
name: Chateauneuf, A.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2017

description: The hemp concrete is considered as an eco-material due to its environmental assets. Its constituents are mainly the hemp particles, binder and water to which admixtures are added eventually. The quality of hemp particles is very sensitive to the nature of soil where it is produced and also to its transformation process, which results in properties variability of hemp particles. And this may be a barrier to development of hemp concrete industry. The herein study aims to evaluate scientifically the impact of this variability on hemp concrete performances. This study is carried out through two main steps: (1) predicting the impact of hemp particles on the hemp concrete, (2) hemp concrete characterization. In the first step, a multicriteria analysis (particle size distributions, etc.) highlights the significant variability of the hemp particles and allowed to classify them into three groups. In the second step, the tests carried out on hemp concrete resulted in low, medium and high mechanical performances as predicted. A factor close to 10 is observed between the minimum and maximum compressive strengths. However, the density and the thermal conductivity are of low variability. The performed analysis show that the interaction between the hemp particles and the binder is likely to contribute to the mechanical response.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 35 No 2 (2017): Special Issue - ICBBM 2017
Multimodal Anomaly Detection based on Deep Auto-Encoder for Object Slip Perception of Mobile Manipulation Robots
Creators: name: Yoo, Youngjae
name: Lee, Chung-Yeon
name: Zhang, Byoung-Tak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object slip perception is essential for mobile manipulation robots to perform manipulation tasks reliably in the dynamic real-world. Traditional approaches to robot arms' slip perception use tactile or vision sensors. However, mobile robots still have to deal with noise in their sensor signals caused by the robot's movement in a changing environment. To solve this problem, we present an anomaly detection method that utilizes multisensory data based on a deep autoencoder model. The proposed framework integrates heterogeneous data streams collected from various robot sensors, including RGB and depth cameras, a microphone, and a force-torque sensor. The integrated data is used to train a deep autoencoder to construct latent representations of the multisensory data that indicate the normal status. Anomalies can then be identified by error scores measured by the difference between the trained encoder's latent values and the latent values of reconstructed input data. In order to evaluate the proposed framework, we conducted an experiment that mimics an object slip by a mobile service robot operating in a real-world environment with diverse household objects and different moving patterns. The experimental results verified that the proposed framework reliably detects anomalies in object slip situations despite various object types and robot behaviors, and visual and auditory noise in the environment.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Some Chiral Aryl and Hetero Aryl-Substituted β-, γ-, δ-Hydroxy Esters
Creators: name: Hasdemir, Belma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Sixteen chiral β-, γ-, and δ-hydroxy esters with aryl, substituted aryl, and heteroaryl groups 2a–2s were synthesized by the asymmetric reduction of their corresponding keto esters 1a–1s as chiral pure reference compounds and starting materials. The asymmetric reduction was achieved by (R)-Me-CBS-oxazaborolidine. Ten new chiral γ- and δ-hydroxy esters 2d, 2e, and 2j–2s were obtained with high ee values and characterized by infrared, NMR (1H and 13C), mass spectrometry, chiral high-performance liquid chromatography, and specific rotation.
Synthesis of Isomeric Dimers of Deoxycholic Acid Derivatives Linked by 1,2,3-Triazole
Creators: name: Mądrzak-Litwa, Iwona
name: Wojciechowska, Aleksandra
name: Zdzisław Paryzek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biophysics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: Steroidal propargylic ester 6 and the propiolic ester 7 were prepared in a few steps from the deoxycholic acid. The Huisgen cycloaddition reaction of alkynes 6 and 7 as dipolarophiles with a 1,3-dipolar compound, the azide 5, afforded the dimeric compounds 8 and 9, respectively, in good yield. The dimers of deoxycholic acid derivatives linked by 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole were characterized by spectroscopic methods.