cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The interplay of geometry and coarsening in multicomponent lipid vesicles under the influence of hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Bachini, Elena
name: Krause, Veit
name: Voigt, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the impact of surface hydrodynamics on the interplay between curvature and composition in coarsening processes on model systems for biomembranes. This includes scaling laws and equilibrium configurations, which are investigated by computational studies of a surface two-phase flow problem with additional phase-depending bending terms. These additional terms geometrically favor specific configurations. We find that as in 2D the effect of hydrodynamics strongly depends on the composition. In situations where the composition allows a realization of a geometrically favored configuration, the hydrodynamics enhances the evolution into this configuration. We restrict our model and numerics to stationary surfaces and validate the numerical approach with various benchmark problems and convergence studies.
Protein kinase C-delta inhibition protects blood-brain barrier from sepsis-induced vascular damage
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Blood-brain barrier
Protein kinase C-delta
Microvascular endothelial cells
Microfluidic assay
Sepsis
Neuroinflammation

description: © 2018 The Author(s). Background: Neuroinflammation often develops in sepsis leading to activation of cerebral endothelium, increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and neutrophil infiltration. We have identified protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ) as a critical regulator of the inflammatory response and demonstrated that pharmacologic inhibition of PKCδ by a peptide inhibitor (PKCδ-i) protected endothelial cells, decreased sepsis-mediated neutrophil influx into the lung, and prevented tissue damage. The objective of this study was to elucidate the regulation and relative contribution of PKCδ in the control of individual steps in neuroinflammation during sepsis. Methods: The role of PKCδ in mediating human brain microvascular endothelial (HBMVEC) permeability, junctional protein expression, and leukocyte adhesion and migration was investigated in vitro using our novel BBB on-a-chip (B3C) microfluidic assay and in vivo in a rat model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). HBMVEC were cultured under flow in the vascular channels of B3C. Confocal imaging and staining were used to confirm tight junction and lumen formation. Confluent HBMVEC were pretreated with TNF-α (10 U/ml) for 4 h in the absence or presence of PKCδ-i (5 μM) to quantify neutrophil adhesion and migration in the B3C. Permeability was measured using a 40-kDa fluorescent dextran in vitro and Evans blue dye in vivo. Results: During sepsis, PKCδ is activated in the rat brain resulting in membrane translocation, a step that is attenuated by treatment with PKCδ-i. Similarly, TNF-α-mediated activation of PKCδ and its translocation in HBMVEC are attenuated by PKCδ-i in vitro. PKCδ inhibition significantly reduced TNF-α-mediated hyperpermeability and TEER decrease in vitro in activated HBMVEC and rat brain in vivo 24 h after CLP induced sepsis. TNF-α-treated HBMVEC showed interrupted tight junction expression, whereas continuous expression of tight junction protein was observed in non-treated or PKCδ-i-treated cells. PKCδ inhibition also reduced TNF-α-mediated neutrophil adhesion and migration across HBMVEC in B3C. Interestingly, while PKCδ inhibition decreased the number of adherent neutrophils to baseline (no-treatment group), it significantly reduced the number of migrated neutrophils below the baseline, suggesting a critical role of PKCδ in regulating neutrophil transmigration. Conclusions: The BBB on-a-chip (B3C) in vitro assay is suitable for the study of BBB function as well as screening of novel therapeutics in real-time. PKCδ activation is a key signaling event that alters the structural and functional integrity of BBB leading to vascular damage and inflammation-induced tissue damage. PKCδ-TAT peptide inhibitor has therapeutic potential for the prevention or reduction of cerebrovascular injury in sepsis-induced vascular damage.
Hydrostatic pressure study of paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition in (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Gryglas-Borysiewicz, M.
name: Kwiatkowski, A.
name: Baj, M.
name: Wasik, D.
name: Przybytek, J.
name: Sadowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the paramagnetic - ferromagnetic phase transition has been studied in (Ga,Mn)As. The variation of the Curie temperature (TC) with pressure was monitored by two transport methods: (1) - measurement of zero field resistivity versus temperature ρ(T), (2) - dependence on temperature of the Hall voltage hysteresis loop. Two specimens of different resistivity characteristics were examined. The measured pressure-induced changes of TC were relatively small (of the order of 1K/GPa) for both samples, however they were opposite for the two.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
¿Cómo Mejorar La Gestión De Embalses Integrando La Opinión De Expertos Y Optimización Matemática?
Creators: name: Macian-Sorribes, Hector
name: Pulido-Velazquez, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Póster presentado por Héctor Macián Sorribes en el III Encuentro de Estdiantes de Doctorado" de la UPV, en Valencia, a 30 de Junio de 2016. El póster recibió el "Premio al mejor trabajo en la modalidad de póster seleccionado por el jurado". Por favor respeten la licencia
Finite Projected Entangled Pair States for the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Scheb, Markus
name: Noack, Reinhard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt and optimize the projected-pair-entangled-state (PEPS) algorithm on finite lattices (fPEPS) for two-dimensional Hubbard models and apply the algorithm to the Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor hopping on a square lattice. In particular, we formulate the PEPS algorithm using projected entangled pair operators, incorporate SU(2) symmetry in all tensor indices, and optimize the PEPS using both iterative-diagonalization-based local bond optimization and gradient-based optimization of the PEPS. We discuss the performance and convergence of the algorithm for the Hubbard model on lattice sizes of up to 8x8 for PEPS states with U(1) symmetric bond dimensions of up to D = 8 and SU(2) symmetric bond dimensions of up to D = 6. Finally, we comment on the relative and overall efficiency of schemes for optimizing fPEPS.
Exploring Generational Differences in Black Perceptions of Indoor Plants
Creators: name: Gadsden, Gabriel
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: indoor plants
interviews
preceptions
well-being

description: Indoor plants have become a mainstay in contemporary culture. In conjunction with their purported links to air purification, much evidence has supported that the cultivation of indoor plants may improve mood, increase productivity, and reduce stress. However, the studies of indoor plant health perceptions have limited participation. To better understand perceptions of benefits from indoor plant cultivation, twenty-seven interviews were conducted with self-identified Black participants representing two generations. Aggregated responses of the interviews were then transcribed using the software Scribe and analyzed using open coding. Generally, participants' responses aligned with current literature, yet millennials diverged with no conclusive association between indoor plants and improvements to productivity or cognition. There were also few responses that plants altered thermal comfort. Ultimately, this work illuminates new insights into how inclusive research can advance understanding about indoor plants and has implications for how future studies should solicit participation, so results apply to the greater public
Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin Polymer for Application in Radiation Induced Lung Damage
Creators: name: Bailey, Mark C.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomaterials
subject: Polymer Science

description: Radiotherapy is used as a primary treatment for many cancers, including lung cancer. Although radiotherapy has proven to be an effective cancer treatment, its use is heavily limited due to the peripheral toxicity to healthy tissue. In this work, the antioxidant, curcumin, was tested as a radioprotectant to reduce radiation damage to healthy cells. Curcumin has been limited in use due to its poor bioavailability. In order to avoid problems associated with free curcumin delivery, curcumin poly(beta-amino ester) (CPBAE) was synthesized.  The first study investigated the in vitro radioprotection effect of curcumin in HUVEC dosed with gamma radiation. Cells treated with curcumin showed significantly less ROS development compared to both untreated radiated and non-radiated cells. Cells treated with curcumin showed a decrease in viability for both radiated and non-radiated cells. Curcumin pretreatment exhibited no reduction in γ-H2AX foci formation in cells after radiation damage. These results indicate that curcumin does not radioprotect cells in an in vitro model.  In a second study, curcumin was polymerized using a Michael addition reaction to create a hydrolytically degradable poly(beta-amino ester). Curcumin multiacrylate and isobutylamine reacted to form curcumin poly(beta-amino ester) (CPBAE). This polymer’s chemical structure and properties were characterized and nanoparticles were made from the polymer. Nanoparticles synthesized were able to successfully release curcumin through degradation, but at a low efficiency and extended time scale.
Dysregulation of Neuronal Cholesterol Homeostasis upon Exposure to HIV-1 Tat and Cocaine Revealed by RNA-Sequencing
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: AIDS Dementia Complex
Animals
Biosynthetic Pathways
Cells, Cultured
Cholesterol
Cocaine
Cocaine-Related Disorders
Computational Biology
Disease Models, Animal
Gene Expression Profiling
HIV-1
Hippocampus
Humans
Lipid Metabolism
Macaca mulatta
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Neurons
Primary Cell Culture
Rats
Sequence Analysis, RNA
tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

description: © 2018, The Author(s). HIV-1 Tat protein is released from HIV-1-infected cells and can enter non-permissive cells including neurons. Tat disrupts neuronal homeostasis and may contribute to the neuropathogenesis in people living with HIV (PLWH). The use of cocaine by PLWH exacerbates neuronal dysfunction. Here, we examined the mechanisms by which Tat and cocaine facilitate alterations in neuronal homeostatic processes. Bioinformatic interrogation of the results from RNA deep sequencing of rat hippocampal neurons exposed to Tat alone indicated the dysregulation of several genes involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Following exposure to Tat and cocaine, the activation of cholesterol biosynthesis genes led to increased levels of free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in rat neurons. Results from lipid metabolism arrays validated upregulation of several processes implicated in the biogenesis of β-amyloid and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including sterol o-acyltransferase 1/acetyl-coenzyme A acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1/ACAT1), sortilin-related receptor L1 (SORL1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 12 (LRP12). Further studies in Tat-treated primary neuronal cultures and brain tissues from HIV-1 transgenic mice as well as SIV-infected macaques confirmed elevated levels of SOAT1/ACAT 1 proteins. Our results offer novel insights into the molecular events involved in HIV and cocaine-mediated neuronal dysfunction that may also contribute to neuropathogenic events associated with the development of AD.
Chemical characterisation of the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances
Creators: name: Santos-Peral, Pablo
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
name: Vazdekis, Alexandre
name: Palicio, Pedro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL) is a large empirical stellar library used as a benchmark for the development of stellar population models. The inclusion of $α$-elements abundances is crucial to disentangling the chemical evolution of any stellar system. The aim of this paper is to provide a catalogue of high-precision and accurate magnesium and calcium abundances from a wide variety of stars well distributed in the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram. We originally performed an analysis of the derived Mg and Ca abundances for medium-resolution spectra of 611 stars from the XSL Data Release 2. For this purpose, we used the GAUGUIN automated abundance estimation code to fit the ultraviolet-blue (UVB) and visible (VIS) spectra. We tested the consistency of the atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances with the Gaia DR3 and the AMBRE Project datasets. We have finally obtained precise [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances for 192 and 217 stars respectively, from which 174 stars have measurements in both elements. The stars cover a broad range of effective temperature 4000 < T$_{\rm eff}$ < 6500K, surface gravity 0.3 < log(g) < 4.8 cm s$^{\rm -2}$, and metallicity -2.5 < [Fe/H] < +0.4 dex. We find an excellent agreement with the abundance estimates from the AMBRE:HARPS and the Gaia/RVS (Radial Velocity Spectrometer) analysis. Moreover, the resulting abundances reproduce a plateau in the metal-poor regime followed by a decreasing trend even at supersolar metallicities, as predicted by Galactic chemical evolution models. This catalogue is suitable for improving the modelling of evolutionary stellar population models with empirical $α$-enhancements, which could significantly contribute to the analysis of external galaxies abundances in the near future.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Visual Storytelling of Big Imaging Data
Creators: name: Amabili, Lorenzo
name: Van Hage, Willem
name: Van Hoesel, Frans H. J.
name: Kosinka, J.
name: L. Yu
name: Van Meersbergen, Maarten A. J.
name: Van Ooijen, Peter M. A.
name: Roerdink, Jos B. T. M.
name: Svetachov, Pjotr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Poster presented at the Netherlands eScience Center Symposium.
Photoionization Cross-Sections for the trans-iron element Se$^+$ from 18 eV to 31 eV
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Brendan M.
name: Ballance, Connor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absolute photoionization cross-section calculations are presented for Se$^+$ using large-scale close-coupling calculations within the Breit-Pauli and Dirac-Coulomb R-matrix approximations. The results from our theoretical work are compared with recent measurements made at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) radiation facility in Berkeley, California, USA. We report on results for the photon energy range 18.0 eV -- 31.0 eV, which spans the ionization thresholds of the $\rm ^4S^o_{3/2}$ ground state and the low-lying $\rm ^2D^o_{5/2,3/2}$ and $\rm ^2P^o_{3/2,1/2}$ metastable states. Metastable fractions are inferred from our present work. Resonance energies and quantum defects of the prominent Rydberg resonances series identified in the spectra are compared for the $\rm 4p \rightarrow nd$ transitions with the recent ALS experimental measurements made on this complex trans-iron element.
description: Accepted for publication. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1011.6312 by other authors
The experiences of Mainland Chinese immigrant professionals who believe they have made a successful transition : strategies that help or hinder
Creators: name: Zheng, Lulin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Existing literature details the unemployment or underemployment situation of immigrant professionals in Canada. Very few studies describe or explain how, in spite of the barriers and challenges, some immigrant professionals handle their transitions well. The purpose of this study was to explore the first-hand experiences of Mainland Chinese immigrant professionals who believe they have made a successful transition. The study asks the questions: What helped or hindered immigrant professionals to successfully deal with changes that affect their work? What would have been more helpful to deal with changes? Eleven immigrant professionals from Mainland China volunteered to participate in the study. Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT) was used to elicit helping and hindering critical incidents and wish list items. Data was primarily analyzed using CIT methodology (Flanagan, 1954). The study elicited seven helping, hindering and wish list categories: (1) Personality/Traits/Attitude; (2) Support from Family/Friends; (3) Taking Actions; (4) Education/Credential/Work Experience; (5) Government/Community/Professional Organization Resources; 6) Work Environment; (7) Self-care. The results of the study highlight the structural and personal barriers faced by the immigrant professionals, which reaffirmed the findings in the existing literature. The study also identifies various strategies used by immigrant professionals to do well. Specifically, personal attitude, being prepared and networking were among the most cited helping strategies. Although the majority of the immigrant professionals in the study experienced negative emotions with the transition from one country to another, some appeared not affected by this process. Also included in the study are practical implications of the study results and future research.
Transverse spin transfer to Λ and Λ hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions at s =200 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: hep-ex

description: © 2018 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. The transverse spin transfer from polarized protons to Λ and Λ hyperons is expected to provide sensitivity to the transversity distribution of the nucleon and to the transversely polarized fragmentation functions. We report the first measurement of the transverse spin transfer to Λ and Λ along the polarization direction of the fragmenting quark, DTT, in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at s=200 GeV with the STAR detector at RHIC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 18 pb-1 and cover the pseudorapidity range |η|<1.2 and transverse momenta pT up to 8 GeV/c. The dependence on pT and η are presented. The DTT results are found to be comparable with a model prediction and are also consistent with zero within uncertainties.
Evaluating links through spectral decomposition
Creators: name: Travieso, Gonzalo
name: Costa, Luciano da Fontoura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectral decomposition has been rarely used to investigate complex networks. In this work we apply this concept in order to define two types of link-directed attacks while quantifying their respective effects on the topology. Several other types of more traditional attacks are also adopted and compared. These attacks had substantially diverse effects, depending on each specific network (models and real-world structures). It is also showed that the spectral-based attacks have special effect in affecting the transitivity of the networks.
Simulating Rayleigh-Taylor induced magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in prominences
Creators: name: Changmai, Madhurjya
name: Jenkins, Jack M.
name: Durrive, J. -B.
name: Keppens, Rony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar prominences represent large-scale condensations suspended against gravity within the solar atmosphere. The Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability is proposed to be one of the important fundamental processes leading to the generation of dynamics at many spatial and temporal scales within these long-lived, cool, and dense structures amongst the solar corona. We run 2.5D ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with the open-source MPI-AMRVAC code far into the nonlinear evolution of an RT instability perturbed at the prominence-corona interface. Our simulation achieves a resolution down to $\sim 23$ km on a 2D $(x,y)$ domain of size 30 Mm $\times$ 30 Mm. We follow the instability transitioning from a multi-mode linear perturbation to its nonlinear, fully turbulent state. Over the succeeding $\sim 25$ minute period, we perform a statistical analysis of the prominence at a cadence of $\sim 0.858$ s. We find the dominant guiding $B_z$ component induces coherent structure formation predominantly in the vertical velocity $V_y$ component, consistent with observations, demonstrating an anisotropic turbulence state within our prominence. We find power-law scalings in the inertial range for the velocity, magnetic, and temperature fields. The presence of intermittency is evident from the probability density functions of the field fluctuations, which depart from Gaussianity as we consider smaller and smaller scales. In exact agreement, the higher-order structure functions quantify the multifractality, in addition to different scale characteristics and behavior between the longitudinal and transverse directions. Thus, the statistics remain consistent with the conclusions from previous observational studies, enabling us to directly relate the RT instability to the turbulent characteristics found within quiescent prominence.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advances in the Geometrically-Based Ω-Model for Atomic Physics: Torsional Interactions and Spectral Predictions
Creators: name: Brent Jarvis, Brent Jarvis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Physics
subject: Physics/methods
subject: Nuclear physics
subject: Particle physics
subject: Atomic physics
subject: Nuclear physics
subject: Quantum physics
subject: Plasma physics
subject: Theoretical physics

description: In this paper, we present a refined version of the Ω-Model, which unifies gravity and electromagnetism through a dual-frequency geometric framework. The model’s application to atomic systems is further explored, with key insights into torsional interactions, the scaling of the torsional frequency γ, and the prediction of atomic spectrallines. This approach provides an alternative to traditional quantum mechanical models by incorporating geometric curvature, which leads to predictions in excellent agreement with experimental data. We highlight the significant discoveries made during our exploration, particularly focusing on hydrogen-like atoms, multi-electron systems, and their spectral behaviors.
Incubation and grazing effects on spirotrich ciliate diversity inferred from molecular analyses of microcosm experiments
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Ciliophora
Computational Biology

description: Copyright: © 2019 Grattepanche et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. We used an experimental approach of analyzing marine microcosms to evaluate the impact of both predation (top-down) and food resources (bottom-up) on spirotrich ciliate communities. To assess the diversity, we used two molecular methods-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and high-throughput sequencing (HTS). We carried out two types of experiments to measure top-down (adult copepods as predators) and bottom-up effects (phytoplankton as food resources) on the spirotrich ciliates. We observed both strong incubation effects (untreated controls departed from initial assessment of diversity) and high variability across replicates within treatments, particularly for the bottom-up experiments. This suggests a rapid community turn-over during incubation and differential susceptibility to the effects of experimental manipulation. Despite the variability, our analyses reveal some broad patterns such as (1) increasing adult copepod predator abundance had a greater impact on spirotrich ciliates than on other microbial eukaryotes; (2) there was no evidence for strong food selection by the dominant spirotrich ciliates.
Quantum cosmology, eternal inflation, and swampland conjectures
Creators: name: Fanaras, Georgios
name: Vilenkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the recent swampland conjectures, we explore quantum cosmology and eternal inflation beyond the slow roll regime. We consider a model of a closed universe with a scalar field $ϕ$ in the framework of tunneling approach to quantum cosmology. The scalar field potential is assumed to have a maximum at $ϕ=0$ and can be approximated in its vicinity as $V(ϕ)\approx 3H^{2}-\frac{1}{2}m^{2}ϕ^{2}$. Using the instanton method, we find that for $m<2H$ the dominant nucleation channel for the universe is tunneling to a homogeneous, spherical de Sitter space. For larger values of $m/H$, the most probable tunneling is to an inhomogeneous closed universe with a domain wall wrapped around its equator. We determine the quantum state of the field $ϕ$ in the nucleated universe by solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation with tunneling boundary conditions. Our results agree with earlier work which assumed a slow-roll regime $m\ll H$. We finally show that spherical universes nucleating with $m<2H$ undergo stochastic eternal inflation with inflating regions forming a fractal of dimension $d>2$. For larger values of $m$ the field $ϕ$ is unstable with respect to formation of domain walls and cannot be described by a perturbative stochastic approach.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures
Tracking interacting dust: comparison of tracking and state estimation techniques for dusty plasmas
Creators: name: Oxtoby, Neil P.
name: Ralph, Jason F.
name: Samsonov, Dmitry
name: Durniak, Céline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When tracking a target particle that is interacting with nearest neighbors in a known way, positional data of the neighbors can be used to improve the state estimate. Effects of the accuracy of such positional data on the target track accuracy are investigated in this paper, in the context of dusty plasmas. In kinematic simulations, notable improvement in the target track accuracy was found when including all nearest neighbors in the state estimation filter and tracking algorithm, whereas the track accuracy was not significantly improved by higher-accuracy measurement techniques. The state estimation algorithm, involving an extended Kalman filter, was shown to either remove or significantly reduce errors due to "pixel locking". It is concluded that the significant extra complexity and computational expense to achieve these relatively small improvements are likely to be unwarranted for many situations. For the purposes of determining the precise particle locations, it is concluded that the simplified state estimation algorithm can be a viable alternative to using more computationally-intensive measurement techniques.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, Conference paper: Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 2010 (SPIE)
Discovering communities of malapps on Android-based mobile cyber-physical systems
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mobile cyber-physical system
Android
Malapp classification
Community discovery

description: © 2018 Elsevier B.V. Android-based devices like smartphones have become ideal mobile cyber-physical systems (MCPS) due to their powerful processors and variety of sensors. In recent years, an explosively and continuously growing number of malicious applications (malapps) have posed a great threat to Android-based MCPS as well as users’ privacy. The effective detection of malapps is an emerging yet crucial task. How to establish relationships among malapps, discover their potential communities, and explore their evolution process has become a challenging issue in effective detection of malapps. To deal with this issue, in this work, we are motivated to propose an automated community detection method for Android malapps by building a relation graph based on their static features. First, we construct a large feature set to profile the behaviors of malapps. Second, we propose an E-N algorithm for graph construction by combining epsilon graph and k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) graph. It solves the problem of an incomplete graph led by epsilon method and the problem of noise generated by k-NN graph. Finally, a community detection method, Infomap, is employed to explore the underlying structures of the relation graph, and obtain the communities of malapps. We evaluate our community detection method with 3996 malapp samples. Extensive experimental results show that our method outperforms the traditional clustering methods and achieves the best performance with rand statistic of 94.93% and accuracy of 79.53%.
Star forming brightest cluster galaxies at $z\sim0.4$ in KiDS. Further studies of cold gas and stellar properties
Creators: name: Castignani, G.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Combes, F.
name: Salomé, P.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Giocoli, C.
name: Lesci, G.
name: Marulli, F.
name: Maturi, M.
name: Puddu, E.
name: Sereno, M.
name: Tramonte, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) are among the most massive galaxies in the Universe. Their star formation (SF) history and stellar mass assembly are debated. Recent studies suggest the presence of an emerging population of intermediate-$z$ star forming and gas-rich BCGs, where the molecular gas reservoirs are impacted by strong environmental processing. We have selected three among the most star-forming $z\sim0.4$ BCGs in the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), and observed them with the IRAM 30m telescope in the first three CO transitions. We found double-horn CO(1$\rightarrow$0) and CO(3$\rightarrow$2) emission for the KiDS 1433 BCG, yielding a large molecular gas reservoir with $M_{H_2}=(5.9\pm1.2)\times10^{10}~M_\odot$ and a high gas-to-stellar mass ratio $M_{H_2}/M_\star=(0.32^{+0.12}_{-0.10})$. We increase the limited sample of distant BCGs with detections in multiple CO transitions. The double-horn emission for the KiDS 1433 BCG implies a low gas concentration, while a modeling of the spectra yields an extended molecular gas reservoir, with a characteristic radius of $\sim$(5-7) kpc, which is reminiscent of a mature extended-disk phase observed in some local BCGs. For the other two BCGs we are able to set upper limits of $M_{H_2}/M_\star<0.07$ and $<0.23$, which are among the lowest for distant BCGs. We then combined our observations with available stellar, SF, and dust properties of the targeted BCGs, and compared them with $\sim100$ distant cluster galaxies, including additional intermediate-$z$ BCGs, with observations in CO from the literature. The molecular gas properties of star forming BCGs are heterogeneous. On one side, gas-rich BCGs show extended gas reservoirs, which sustain the significant SF activity, which is reminiscent of recent gas infall. Conversely, the existence of similarly star forming, but gas-poor, BCGs suggest that gas depletion precedes SF quenching.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, version after the proof corrections, A&A in press. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2207.12073
Hiv-1 integrase tetramers are the antiviral target of pyridine-based allosteric integrase inhibitors
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: HIV-1
allosteric inhibitors
infectious disease
integrase
microbiology
virus
Allosteric Regulation
Antiviral Agents
HEK293 Cells
HIV Integrase
HIV Integrase Inhibitors
HeLa Cells
Humans
Models, Molecular
Protein Domains
Protein Multimerization
Pyridines
Stereoisomerism

description: © Koneru et al. Allosteric HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (ALLINIs) are a promising new class of antiretroviral agents that disrupt proper viral maturation by inducing hyper-multimerization of IN. Here we show that lead pyridine-based ALLINI KF116 exhibits striking selectivity for IN tetramers versus lower order protein oligomers. IN structural features that are essential for its functional tetramerization and HIV-1 replication are also critically important for KF116 mediated higher-order IN multimerization. Live cell imaging of single viral particles revealed that KF116 treatment during virion production compromises the tight association of IN with capsid cores during subsequent infection of target cells. We have synthesized the highly active (-)-KF116 enantiomer, which displayed EC50 of ~7 nM against wild type HIV-1 and ~10 fold higher, sub-nM activity against a clinically relevant dolutegravir resistant mutant virus suggesting potential clinical benefits for complementing dolutegravir therapy with pyridine-based ALLINIs.
Advancements in Adversarially-Resilient Consensus and Safety-Critical Control for Multi-Agent Networks
Creators: name: Usevitch, James
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Control Theory
subject: Autonomous Control Systems
subject: Resilient Control
subject: Optimization
subject: Graph Theoretical Methods in Control
subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Engineering

description: The capabilities of and demand for complex autonomous multi-agent systems, including networks of unmanned aerial vehicles and mobile robots, are rapidly increasing in both research and industry settings. As the size and complexity of these systems increase, dealing with faults and failures becomes a crucial element that must be accounted for when performing control design. In addition, the last decade has witnessed an ever-accelerating proliferation of adversarial attacks on cyber-physical systems across the globe. In response to these challenges, recent years have seen an increased focus on resilience of multi-agent systems to faults and adversarial attacks. Broadly speaking, resilience refers to the ability of a system to accomplish control or performance objectives despite the presence of faults or attacks. Ensuring the resilience of cyber-physical systems is an interdisciplinary endeavor that can be tackled using a variety of methodologies. This dissertation approaches the resilience of such systems from a control-theoretic viewpoint and presents several novel advancements in resilient control methodologies. First, advancements in resilient consensus techniques are presented that allow normally-behaving agents to achieve state agreement in the presence of adversarial misinformation. Second, graph theoretic tools for constructing and analyzing the resilience of multi-agent networks are derived. Third, a method for resilient broadcasting vector-valued information from a set of leaders to a set of followers in the presence of adversarial misinformation is presented, and these results are applied to the problem of propagating entire knowledge of time-varying Bezier-curve-based trajectories from leaders to followers. Finally, novel results are presented for guaranteeing safety preservation of heterogeneous control-affine multi-agent systems with sampled-data dynamics in the presence of adversarial agents.
Collective effects at frictional interfaces
Creators: name: Braun, Oleg
name: Peyrard, Michel
name: Stryzheus, D. V.
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of the long-range elastic interaction between the contacts inside an inhomogeneous frictional interface. The interaction produces a characteristic elastic correlation length $λ_c = a^2 E / k_c$ (where $a$ is the distance between the contacts, $k_c$ is the elastic constant of a contact, and $E$ is the Young modulus of the sliding body), below which the slider may be considered as a rigid body. The strong inter-contact interaction leads to a narrowing of the effective threshold distribution for contact breaking and enhances the chances for an elastic instability to appear. Above the correlation length, $r > λ_c$, the interaction leads to screening of local perturbations in the interface, or to appearance of collective modes --- frictional cracks propagating as solitary waves.
Maximally entangled Rydberg-atom pairs via Landau-Zener sweeps
Creators: name: Varghese, Dhiya
name: Wüster, Sebastian
name: Li, Weibin
name: Nath, Rejish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the formation of maximally entangled Rydberg atom pairs subjected to Landau-Zener sweeps of the atom-light detuning. Though the populations reach a steady value at longer times, the phases evolve continuously, leading to periodic oscillations in the entanglement entropy. The local unitary equivalence between the obtained maximally entangled states and the Bell states is verified by computing the polynomial invariants. Finally, we study the effect of spontaneous emission from the Rydberg state of rubidium atoms on the correlation dynamics and show that the oscillatory dynamics persists for high-lying Rydberg states. Our study may offer novel ways to generate maximally entangled states, quantum gates and exotic quantum matter in arrays of Rydberg atoms through Landau Zener sweeps.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures and 1 table
Development of a prototype superconducting radio-frequency cavity for conduction-cooled accelerators
Creators: name: Ciovati, G.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Balachandran, S.
name: Cheng, G.
name: Coriton, B.
name: Daly, E.
name: Dhakal, P.
name: Gurevich, A.
name: Hannon, F.
name: Harding, K.
name: Holland, L.
name: Marhauser, F.
name: McLaughlin, K.
name: Packard, D.
name: Powers, T.
name: Pudasaini, U.
name: Rathke, J.
name: Rimmer, R.
name: Schultheiss, T.
name: Vennekate, H.
name: Vollmer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The higher efficiency of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities compared to normal-conducting ones enables the development of high-energy continuous-wave linear accelerators (linacs). Recent progress in the development of high-quality Nb$_3$Sn film coatings along with the availability of cryocoolers with high cooling capacity at 4 K makes it feasible to operate SRF cavities cooled by thermal conduction at relevant accelerating gradients for use in accelerators. A possible use of conduction-cooled SRF linacs is for environmental applications, requiring electron beams with energy of $1 - 10$ MeV and 1 MW of power. We have designed a 915 MHz SRF linac for such an application and developed a prototype single-cell cavity to prove the proposed design by operating it with cryocoolers at the accelerating gradient required for 1 MeV energy gain. The cavity has a $\sim 3$ $μ$m thick Nb$_3$Sn film on the inner surface, deposited on a $\sim4$ mm thick bulk Nb substrate and a bulk $\sim7$ mm thick Cu outer shell with three Cu attachment tabs. The cavity was tested up to a peak surface magnetic field of 53 mT in liquid He at 4.3 K. A horizontal test cryostat was designed and built to test the cavity cooled with three Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers. The rf tests of the conduction-cooled cavity, performed at General Atomics, achieved a peak surface magnetic field of 50 mT and stable operation was possible with up to 18.5 W of rf heat load. The peak frequency shift due to microphonics was 23 Hz. These results represent the highest peak surface magnetic field achieved in a conduction-cooled SRF cavity to date and meet the requirements for a 1 MeV energy gain.
Collision-energy dependence of pt correlations in Au + Au collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2019 American Physical Society. We present two-particle pt correlations as a function of event centrality for Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using the STAR detector. These results are compared to previous measurements from CERES at the Super Proton Synchrotron and from ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider. The data are compared with UrQMD model calculations and with a model based on a Boltzmann-Langevin approach incorporating effects from thermalization. The relative dynamical correlations for Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV show a power-law dependence on the number of participant nucleons and agree with the results for Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV from ALICE. As the collision energy is lowered from sNN=200 to 7.7 GeV, the centrality dependence of the relative dynamical correlations departs from the power-law behavior observed at the higher collision energies. In central collisions, the relative dynamical correlations increase with collision energy up to sNN=200 GeV in contrast to previous measurements that showed little dependence on the collision energy.
Spin-current-mediated rapid magnon localisation and coalescence after ultrafast optical pumping of ferrimagnetic alloys
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: 0299 Other Physical Sciences

description: © 2019, The Author(s). Sub-picosecond magnetisation manipulation via femtosecond optical pumping has attracted wide attention ever since its original discovery in 1996. However, the spatial evolution of the magnetisation is not yet well understood, in part due to the difficulty in experimentally probing such rapid dynamics. Here, we find evidence of a universal rapid magnetic order recovery in ferrimagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy via nonlinear magnon processes. We identify magnon localisation and coalescence processes, whereby localised magnetic textures nucleate and subsequently interact and grow in accordance with a power law formalism. A hydrodynamic representation of the numerical simulations indicates that the appearance of noncollinear magnetisation via optical pumping establishes exchange-mediated spin currents with an equivalent 100% spin polarised charge current density of 10 7 A cm −2 . Such large spin currents precipitate rapid recovery of magnetic order after optical pumping. The magnon processes discussed here provide new insights for the stabilization of desired meta-stable states.
Architecture of Care: Using an Auto-Ethnographic Design Approach to Rearticulate Practice.
Creators: name: CLARKE, ANTHONY JOHN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 330102
subject: Architectural design

description: This research establishes a care-focused methodology for the re-articulation of architectural practice.
 This research argues that current techniques and representations of architectural practice can take on greater significance and generate a more meaningful societal and professional contribution if they are developed through a lens of care. This lens of care, however, requires a fundamental repositioning in the way architects and designers orientate themselves within each project. This thesis argues that this adaptation requires a genuine and deeply considered recognition of personal attitudes, approaches and ingrained presumptions.
This research advocates for care to become a provision of the architectural definition.
eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): eFEDS X-ray view of WERGS Radio Galaxies selected by the Subaru/HSC and VLA/FIRST survey
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Yamashita, Takuji
name: Merloni, Andrea
name: Li, Junyao
name: Liu, Teng
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Arcodia, Riccardo
name: Dwelly, Tom
name: Chen, Xiaoyang
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Inayoshi, Kohei
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Kokubo, Mitsuru
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Schramm, Malte
name: Suh, Hyewon
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the eROSITA X-ray catalog of radio galaxies discovered by the WERGS survey that is made by the cross-matching of the wide-area Subaru/HSC optical survey and VLA/FIRST 1.4 GHz radio survey. We find 393 eROSITA detected radio galaxies in the 0.5--2 keV band in the eFEDS field covering 140~deg$^2$. Thanks to the wide and medium depth eFEDS X-ray survey, the sample contains the rare and most X-ray luminous radio galaxies above the knee of the X-ray luminosity function, spanning 4422$. Those obscured and radio AGN reside in $0.4
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
On the injection spectrum of relativistic electrons in high-redshift radio galaxies
Creators: name: Gopal-Krishna
name: Mhaskey, Mukul
name: Mangalam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the remarkable linearity of the ultra-steep radio spectra of high redshift radio galaxies reflects a previously reported general trend for powerful radio galaxies, according to which the spectral curvature is lesser for sources having steeper spectra (measured near rest-frame 1 GHz). We argue based on existing theoretical and observational evidence that it is premature to conclude that the particle acceleration mechanism in sources having straight, ultra-steep radio spectra gives rise to an ultra-steep injection spectrum of the radiating electrons. In empirical support to this we show that the estimated injection spectral indices, available for a representative sample of 35 compact steep spectrum (CSS) radio sources are not correlated with their rest-frame (intrinsic) rotation measures, which are known to be typically large, indicating a dense environment, as is also the case for high-$z$ radio galaxies.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; submitted on September 2, 2011; accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal on October 17, 2011