cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Richter hernia in the Space of Retzius – An uncommon hernia in an unusual location
Creators: name: Mehta, Raj
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Small bowel
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 64-year-old male presented to the emergency department with worsening epigastric pain described as sharp and non-radiating. The patient had first noticed the pain two days prior with associated  transient bulge in the right groin. He stated that pain was worse with heavy lifting. Pertinent history included endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Laboratory values including lactate and lipase were unremarkable at presentation.

description: 64 years, male
Laboratory-Tutorial activities for teaching probability
Creators: name: Wittmann, Michael C.
name: Morgan, Jeffrey T.
name: Feeley, Roger E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the development of students' ideas of probability and probability density in a University of Maine laboratory-based general education physics course called Intuitive Quantum Physics. Students in the course are generally math phobic with unfavorable expectations about the nature of physics and their ability to do it. We describe a set of activities used to teach concepts of probability and probability density. Rudimentary knowledge of mechanics is needed for one activity, but otherwise the material requires no additional preparation. Extensions of the activities include relating probability density to potential energy graphs for certain "touchstone" examples. Students have difficulties learning the target concepts, such as comparing the ratio of time in a region to total time in all regions. Instead, they often focus on edge effects, pattern match to previously studied situations, reason about necessary but incomplete macroscopic elements of the system, use the gambler's fallacy, and use expectations about ensemble results rather than expectation values to predict future events. We map the development of their thinking to provide examples of problems rather than evidence of a curriculum's success.
description: 26 pages (11 paper, 15 teaching materials), 8 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Physical Review Special Topics Physics Education Research
title: Poverty related, fulminant Neurotoxoplasmosis
Creators: name: Georgiev, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation
subject: Parasites
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 30-year-old woman, single mother of 5 children, that lives in poverty, enters the emergency room, with convulsions. Anticonvulsant therapy was given, but still, the patient experienced multiple clonic and tonic-clonic seizures in the following ours. The patient is hospitalized, because of her condition deteriorating rapidly. CSF/HIV tests are performed.

description: 30 years, female
Bayesian Bandwidths in Semiparametric Modelling for Nonnegative Orthant Data with Diagnostics
Creators: name: Kokonendji, Célestin C.
name: Somé, Sobom M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G07, 62G20, 62G99, 62H10, 62H12

description: Multivariate nonnegative orthant data are real vectors bounded to the left by the null vector, and they can be continuous, discrete or mixed. We first review the recent relative variability indexes for multivariate nonnegative continuous and count distributions. As a prelude, the classification of two comparable distributions having the same mean vector is done through under-, equi- and over-variability with respect to the reference distribution. Multivariate associated kernel estimators are then reviewed with new proposals that can accommodate any nonnegative orthant dataset. We focus on bandwidth matrix selections by adaptive and local Bayesian methods for semicontinuous and counting supports, respectively. We finally introduce a flexible semiparametric approach for estimating all these distributions on nonnegative supports. The corresponding estimator is directed by a given parametric part, and a nonparametric part which is a weight function to be estimated through multivariate associated kernels. A diagnostic model is also discussed to make an appropriate choice between the parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric approaches. The retention of pure nonparametric means the inconvenience of parametric part used in the modelization. Multivariate real data examples in semicontinuous setup as reliability are gradually considered to illustrate the proposed approach. Concluding remarks are made for extension to other multiple functions.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures
Letter from D. [David] Lloyd-Jones at the Kelowna Saw Mill Company to Mr Jas. [James] Goldie, May 3, 1910
Creators: name: Kelowna Saw Mill Company
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Mr. Jas. [James] Goldie from D. [David] Lloyd George at the Kelowna Saw Mill Company, dated May 3, 1910, regarding a material order.
Exponential and Hypoexponential Distributions: Some Characterizations
Creators: name: Yanev, George P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G30, 62E10

description: The (general) hypoexponential distribution is the distribution of a sum of independent exponential random variables. We consider the particular case when the involved exponential variables have distinct rate parameters. We prove that the following converse result is true. If for some $n\ge 2$, $X_1, X_2,\,\ldots,\,X_n$ are independent copies of a random variable $X$ with unknown distribution $F$ and a specific linear combination of $X_j$'s has hypoexponential distribution, then $F$ is exponential. Thus, we obtain new characterizations of the exponential distribution. As corollaries of the main results, we extend some previous characterizations established recently by Arnold and Villaseñor (2013) for a particular convolution of two random variables.
Cooperative Processes for Scientific Workflows
Creators: name: Gaaloul, Khaled
name: Charoy, François
name: Godart, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The work described in this paper is a contribution to the problems of managing in data-intensive scientific applications. First, we discuss scientific workflows and motivate there use in scientific applications. Then, we introduce the concept of cooperative processes and describe their interactions and uses in a flexible cooperative workflow system called \textit{Bonita}. Finally, we propose an approach to integrate and synthesize the data exchanged by the mapping of data-intensive science into Bonita, using a binary approach, and illustrate the endeavors done to enhance the performance computations within a dynamic environment.
Analogs of quantum Hall effect edge states in photonic crystals
Creators: name: Raghu, S.
name: Haldane, F. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Photonic crystals" built with time-reversal-symmetry-breaking Faraday-effect media can exhibit "chiral" edge modes that propagate unidirectionally along boundaries across which the Faraday axis reverses. These modes are precise analogs of the electronic edge states of quantum Hall effect (QHE) systems, and are also immune to backscattering and localization by disorder. The "Berry curvature" of the photonic bands plays a role analogous to that of the magnetic field in the QHE. Explicit calculations demonstrating the existence of such unidirectionally-propagating photonic edge states are presented.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures
title: Tracheal diverticula
Creators: name: Vasconcelos Gomes, João Lucas
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: Female, 56 years old, longtime smoker (10 cigarettes a day for 43 years), complaining of daily chronic cough and dyspnea for about 1 year, worsening in the last 4 months. She also reported frequent episodes of rhinitis. She denies other comorbidities or medications for continuous use.

description: 56 years, female
title: MRI findings of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a child with thalassemia
Creators: name: Prasad, Niharika
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Oedema
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A thirteen-year-old female presented with four recent episodes of tonic clonic seizures associated with vomiting. She had one episode of epistaxis. She was a known case of thalassemia major on regular blood transfusions. She received her last blood transfusion four days ago. Her birth and development history was normal. She was afebrile at the time of admission and laboratory investigations revealed mild thrombocytopenia (platelet count of 1.19 lakh per microlitre). Her blood pressure was 150/90 mm of Hg. There was no leukocytosis and serum electrolytes were normal.

description: 13 years, female
Novel Hybrid Chromatofocusing Methods for Protein Purification
Creators: name: Dos Santos Pinto, Nuno Jorge
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Chromatofocusing
Hydrophobic charge induction chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography
Protein chromatography
Selective displacement chromatography
Staphylococcal Protein A

description: The efforts made to-date to alleviate the downstream challenges faced by the biopharmaceutical industry have been mainly focused on developing novel chromatographic column packings with either higher ligand densities to accommodate larger production capacity requirements or novel ligand groups that exhibit more than one interaction mode to increase selectivity. However, despite this earlier work, there are still unexploited interactions associated with the functional groups present on the column packings that, if optimized, may lead to novel chromatographic separation techniques. Thus, the rational behind the studies investigated here is to provide innovative separation methods based on hybrid chromatofocusing techniques and employ these unexploited interactions, which may be useful in protein purification process development for the biopharmaceutical industry. A comprehensive optimization method capable of exploiting the synergetic effects both the pH and ionic strength on ion-exchange column packing has not yet been developed. Consequently, one primary research objective of this study is to establish the usefulness of employing combined pH and ionic strength gradients to obtain elements of orthogonal two-dimension chromatography in one ion-exchange column that is suitable for the preparative purification of protein in both dilute and non-dilute regimes. Another main objective is to take the concepts developed in this study for ion-exchange chromatography and apply them in affinity and mixed-mode chromatography, where the ligands on the column packings may exhibit electrostatic interactions as well as hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding and/or affinity interactions, and where pH gradients play a major role in the protein adsorption/desorption process. Lastly, this work aims to increase the understanding of the technique of chromatofocusing based on the use of modern theoretical and experimental tools, and to use this understanding to develop novel hybrid chromatofocusing methods. For this purpose, the development of a computer-aided optimization methodology was also performed which allows efficient chromatographic system identification and optimized design. In this way, the computer simulation methods described here go well beyond any previous attempts at simulations in this area.
Ultrafast extrinsic spin-Hall currents
Creators: name: Sherman, E. Ya.
name: Najmaie, Ali
name: van Driel, H. M.
name: Smirl, Arthur L.
name: Sipe, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of ultrafast extrinsic spin-Hall currents, generated by skew scattering following the optical injection of charge or pure spin currents. We propose a phenomenological model for this effect in quantum well structures. An injected charge current leads to a spin-Hall-induced pure spin current, and an injected pure spin current leads to a spin-Hall-induced charge current. The resulting spin or charge accumulation can be measured optically.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
title: Post-traumatic Caroticocavernous Fistula
Creators: name: Meersman, Pieter
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Fistula
subject: Trauma
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 62-year-old woman self-refers to the emergency department with 4-day history of right frontal headache, right-sided tinnitus and a right-sided oculomotorius nerve-paresis with loss of depth perception and strabismus. One month prior, she suffered minor craniocerebral trauma with a parietal left-sided superficial wound requiring no significant intervention.

description: 62 years, female
Letter from Jack [Goldie] to Jim [James Goldie], May 3, 1910
Creators: name: Goldie, Jack (Budd)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie (Jim) from his brother Jack Goldie (Budd) dated May 3, 1910; written on The Goldie Milling Co. Ltd. letterhead. The letter concerns the news and details of the sale of the business to a new company, and contains further updates on the conditions of family members in reference to a previous letter sent on April 17, 1910.
Evolution of Brane-Localised Standard Model Fields in Gauss-Bonnet theory
Creators: name: Zhidenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the massless scalar, Dirac and electro-magnetic fields propagating on a 4D-brane, which is embedded in higher dimensional Gauss-Bonnet space-time. We calculate, in time-domain, the fundamental quasi-normal modes of a spherically symmetric black hole for such fields. We observe also a universal behavior, independent on a field and value of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter, at asymptotically late time.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
title: A rare case of pelvic solitary fibrous tumor
Creators: name: Goutte, Alexandra
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: Angioscopy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 61-year-old man presented recurring episodes of wake-up confusion and hallucinations. These symptoms normalized during the day, the patient had no recollection of the episodes. He had no relevant medical background.
Neurological examination and electroencephalogram were normal at admission.
During the hospitalization, nocturnal hypoglycemia of unknown origin was observed.

description: 61 years, male
Excited-State Complex Formation of Perylene and Naphthalimides in Solutions and Films: New Materials for Molecular Thermometers
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Excimer
Exciplex
Fluorescence
Perylene
Photophysics
Temperature sensor

description: Synthetic polymers that are designed to change their physical or optical properties in response to environmental stimuli have wide-reaching applications in engineering, biological sensing, and medical fields. The fluorescent polymers can be used in the surface temperature measurement, which has broad applications in aerodynamics and engineering. Dually luminescent systems have become a good alternative over current temperature-sensitive paints since the intensity ratio is measured in these systems. An exciplex is a complex between one compound in the excited-state and the other in the ground-state. Generally, the monomer and the exciplex emission are observed at different wavelengths. The fluorescence intensity ratio of the exciplex to the monomer is temperature and structure dependent. The effect of monomer and polymer structure on the temperature-dependent exciplex formation was the main study focus of this work. Exciplex formation between encapsulated perylene and N-isoproprylacryamide (NIPAM) and N,N-dimethylstyrene (NDS) copolymers was studied in films. Poly(N-isoproprylacryamide) (PNIPAM) is among a class of polymers having a well-characterized lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 31C in water. Thus, it is of interest to study temperature-dependent exciplex formation in these polymers. The polymer composition was varied by changing the ratio of NIPAM to NDS. Polymer films containing encapsulated perylene were prepared and studied using steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The relative population of exciplex to monomer is temperature dependent. The percent variation of the ratiometric intensity per degree centigrade in poly(N,N-diemthylstyrene) (PNDS) film was found to be about 3% / C. Perylene derivatives with polymerizable function groups were synthesized for the purpose of covalently attaching perylene into the polymer. The intermolecular exciplexes formed between the perylene derivatives and different anilines were studied by measuring the fluorescence decays at specific temperatures. The decays were fitted to the classic Birk's two-state model. The rate constants for exciplex formation and dissociation and the thermodynamics for exciplex formation were obtained from the fits. The activation barriers for exciplex formation and dissociation for the perylene derivatives with N, N-dimethylaniline were found in the range of 3-40 kJ/mol.  The polymers with covalently attached perylene and donors showed a less sensitive temperature response than perylene films. The intramolecular excimer formation in bisnaphthalimide was studied using the similar method at different pHs.  The excimers formed in bisnaphthalimide were mainly static excimers at low pHs.
Influence of extended defects on the formation energy, the hyperfine structure, and the zero-field splitting of NV centers in diamond
Creators: name: Körner, Wolfgang
name: Urban, Daniel F.
name: Elsässer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a density functional theory analysis of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond which are located in the vicinity of extended defects, namely intrinsic stacking faults (ISF), extrinsic stacking faults (ESF), and coherent twin boundaries (CTB) on \{111\} planes in diamond crystals. Several sites for NV centers close to the extended defects are energetically preferred with respect to the bulk crystal. This indicates that NV centers may be enriched at extended defects. We report the hyperfine structure (HFS) and zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters of the NV centers at the extended defects which typically deviate by about 10\% but in some cases up to 90\% from their bulk values. Furthermore, we find that the influence of the extended defects on the NV centers is of short range: NV centers that are about three double layers (corresponding to $\sim6$ $\mathring{A}$ away from defect planes already show bulk-like behavior.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Breast granular cell tumor – a rare entity
Creators: name: Gago, Miguel Franco
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A routine physical examination performed on an asymptomatic 63-year-old female patient revealed a stiff lump on the upper outer quadrant of the left breast, at one o'clock position. The patient was referred to our imaging department for further evaluation of these finding. There was no personal or familial history of prior breast pathology.

description: 63 years, female
title: A rare case of spontaneous rupture of pseudocyst in Chronic Pancreatitis
Creators: name: Dattoli, Manuela
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 73-year-old woman presented to our emergency department for left flank pain, dyspnea and peripheral oedema. 

In her personal anamnesis there were Ulcerative Colitis and Chronic Pancreatitis with pseudocysts. She had a negative history of alcoholism. 

Values of lipase, amylase and leucocyte were elevated. Cholestasis indexes unaltered.

description: 73 years, female
Electroproduction of two light vector mesons in next-to-leading BFKL: study of systematic effects
Creators: name: Ivanov, D. Yu.
name: Papa, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The forward electroproduction of two light vector mesons is the first example of a collision process between strongly interacting colorless particles for which the amplitude can be written completely within perturbative QCD in the Regge limit with next-to-leading accuracy. In a previous paper we have given a numerical determination of the amplitude in the case of equal photon virtualities by using a definite representation for the amplitude and a definite optimization method for the perturbative series. Here we estimate the systematic uncertainty of our previous determination, by considering a different representation of the amplitude and different optimization methods of the perturbative series. Moreover, we compare our result for the differential cross section at the minimum momentum transfer with a different approach, based on collinear kernel improvement.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures; journal version, new figures and discussion added
Racial and/or Ethnic Identity Formation of Indian/European American Biracial Individuals
Creators: name: Smith, Tara D.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: biracial
South Asian
identity development
domains
Psychology, General (0621)

description: Researchers have explored the process of racial and/or ethnic identity development for biracial individuals of mixed African, Asian, and European ancestry, resulting in the proliferation of two major categories of models, Linear and Ecological.  To date, certain biracial populations have been overlooked.   The current study focused on racial and/or ethnic identity development with individuals of Indian/European American mixed heritage.  Utilizing a qualitative research design, interviews were conducted with 10 Indian/European American mixed heritage individuals between the ages of 18 and 32.  Experiences during childhood, adolescence and early adulthood were addressed.  Rather than a single identity resolution, the participants' histories revealed four, generally non-converging domains of identification related to race/ethnicity.  The four domains of identification were ""Internal,"" ""Cultural Self-Assessment,"" ""Verbal,"" and ""Written."" Within these four domains participants utilized various racial and/or ethnic language to describe their identifications.  In childhood, most identifications were European American, with a few individuals beginning to make transitions to other identifications in adolescence.  In early adulthood, Mixed Heritage identifications dominated.  Several factors relevant to racial and/or ethnic identity development similar to those reported for other types of biracial populations were found to be salient, while other factors appeared unique to the current sample.  Although participants in the current study described a common set of factors contributing to identity development, the mechanisms through which these factors impacted participants' identifications were distinct.  Finally, the current investigation yielded support for some aspects of the Linear and Ecological models, but neither perspective adequately addresses what is occurring with this sample.
title: Heterotaxy: an incidental finding
Creators: name: Vasconcelos Gomes, João Lucas
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: Female patient, 49 years old, married and mother of three daughters. She sought the service due to a complaint of low back pain, and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the lumbar spine was requested. The patient reported using fluoxetine to treat depression. She denied other symptoms or previous illnesses.

description: 49 years, female
Exponential localization of Wannier functions in insulators
Creators: name: Brouder, Christian
name: Panati, Gianluca
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Mourougane, Christophe
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exponential localization of Wannier functions in two or three dimensions is proven for all insulators that display time-reversal symmetry, settling a long-standing conjecture. Our proof relies on the equivalence between the existence of analytic quasi-Bloch functions and the nullity of the Chern numbers (or of the Hall current) for the system under consideration. The same equivalence implies that Chern insulators cannot display exponentially localized Wannier functions. An explicit condition for the reality of the Wannier functions is identified.
description: Four pages, two figures
Inhibiting Amyloid Beta Fibrils from Binding to Cells
Creators: name: PEZESHK, NILOUFAR
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013

description: The goal of this study was to test in vitro some of the compounds identified previously in our laboratory via in silico screening for their ability to bind to Ab40, change  Ab40 fibril structure, inhibit  Ab40-cell binding and attenuate  Ab40 toxicity to differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The following inhibitors: NSC91529, NSC60340 and NSC60339, were selected as the top three inhibitors based on their predicted high binding energy to  Ab40-fibrils near residues K28 (NSC91519) and N27 (NSC60340 and NSC60339), residues previously identified as important in  Ab40 toxicity. The results from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that all inhibitors significantly reduced the size of the  Ab40 fibrils, suggesting that the inhibitors bound to the  Ab40 fibrils and/or interacted with fibrils in some way.  Results from a flow cytometry based binding assay indicated that incubations of cells with all 3 inhibitors led to a significant reduction in the amount of fluorescently labeled  Ab40 fibrils bound to cells at concentrations between 50 to 80 nM inhibitor (p<0.05).  At higher concentrations of inhibitors, attenuation of  Ab40 binding to cells was not observed.  Fluorescence measurements of the hydrophobic inhibitors in physiological saline solutions indicated a change in environment of the inhibitors at concentrations above 100 nM, suggesting some self association in solution, a possible reason for the deviation in the usual trend of binding inhibition curves at the same concentrations. The results from toxicity assays showed that the inhibitor NSC60339 only significantly reduced  Ab40 fibril toxicity at concentrations of 10 and 100 nM.  Both NSC91529 and NSC60340 were able to attenuate the Ab40 fibril toxicity at all concentrations of inhibitor tested between 10 nM and 500 nM (p<0.05).  Based on these results, we could not determine if molecules that were predicted to target K28 on the  Ab40 fibril were significantly better than molecules that were predicted to target N27 at attenuated  Ab40 toxicity.  We did not observe any correlation between predicted binding energy and the concentrations at which toxicity or binding attenuation were observe.  Neither did we observe any correlation between change in fibril size, binding inhibition and toxicity attenuation.  Further experimentation might help identify these correlations.   These results suggest that in silico screening to identify molecules that bind to K28 and N27 on the  Ab40 fibrils was able to identify molecules which were able to alter  Ab40 structure and attenuate  Ab40 toxicity in vitro.  This approach may be fruitful in identifying new molecules for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Statistics of wide pre-main sequence binaries in the Orion OB1 association
Creators: name: Tokovinin, Andrei
name: Petr-Gotzens, Monika
name: Briceno, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistics of low-mass pre-main sequence binaries in the Orion OB1 association with separations ranging from 0.6" to 20" (220 to 7400 au at 370 pc) are studied using images from the VISTA Orion mini-survey and astrometry from Gaia. The input sample based on the CVSO catalog contains 1137 stars of K and M spectral types (masses between 0.3 and 0.9 Msun), 1021 of which are considered to be association members. There are 135 physical binary companions to these stars with mass ratios above ~0.13. The average companion fraction is 0.09+-0.01 over 1.2 decades in separation, slightly less than, but still consistent with, the field. We found a difference between the Ori OB1a and OB1b groups, the latter being richer in binaries by a factor 1.6+-0.3. No overall dependence of the wide-binary frequency on the observed underlying stellar density is found, although in the Ori OB1a off-cloud population these binaries seem to avoid dense clusters. The multiplicity rates in Ori OB1 and in sparse regions like Taurus differ significantly, hinting that binaries in the field may originate from a mixture of diverse populations.
description: Accepted for publicaion in The Astronomical Journal. 19 pages, 22 figures, 7 tables
Großhans, Hans-Peter ... (Hrsg.): Schuld und Vergebung
Creators: name: Jaspert, Bernd
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 67 Nr. 1 (2018): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 67, Heft 1
Psychosis risk screening in youth: A validation study of three self-report measures of attenuated psychosis symptoms
Creators: name: Kline, Emily Ruth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: adolescents
attenuated symptoms
psychosis
risk
schizophrenia
screening

description: Recent research linking the duration of untreated psychosis to illness course and outcome highlights the need for earlier intervention for individuals with schizophrenia. Early intervention efforts hinge on the ability of clinicians to reliably detect early symptoms and risk factors for psychosis in real-world settings. The Structured Interview for Psychosis Risk Syndromes (SIPS) has emerged as the most frequently utilized tool for diagnosing high-risk status, but this lengthy, clinician-administered instrument is impractical for use in large samples. Brief self-report questionnaires that assess for attenuated symptoms have the potential to quickly and effectively screen many people who may benefit from clinical monitoring or early intervention. This study examined the validity of three recently developed screening tools for attenuated symptoms by administering these tools alongside the SIPS in a sample of adolescents and young adults seeking mental health services. Screening instruments were evaluated as both continuous and dichotomized predictors of psychosis risk. Using screening thresholds recommended by instrument authors as well as thresholds empirically derived within the current sample, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of each self-report measure with regard to SIPS diagnosis was obtained. Although all three screeners appear to be useful and valid assessment tools for attenuated symptoms, relative benefits of particular instruments are discussed. The validation of attenuated symptoms screening tools is an important step toward enabling early, wide-reaching identification of individuals on a course toward psychotic illness.
Impact of process parameters on product titer and quality attributes during cell culture scale down
Creators: name: UPLEKAR, SHAUNAK DILIP
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Comparability
Glycosylation
Minibioreactors
Monoclonal antibody
Scale down

description: Quality by Design and Process Analytical Technology regulatory initiatives aim to achieve consistent production of biopharmaceuticals of predefined quality. Extensive process development studies are imperative to establish such a production process. Currently, these studies are primarily being carried out in bench-scale systems. However, bench-scale bioreactor studies are costly, tedious and time consuming to set up. An in-house developed, novel high-throughput minibioreactor system shows a significant potential to improve and streamline process development studies. However, in order to fully qualify this system as a scale down model, comparability between the two scales needs to be established.  Comparability of product titers and product quality aspects such as glycosylation profile, which is considered to be one of the major product quality attributes, would be of greatest relevance.  Here, we investigate cell culture scale down on monoclonal antibody (mAb) titers and their N-glycan profiles produced by serum free mammalian cell culture in these two systems.  Methods for purification of mAb and N-glycan analysis using high pH anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) were developed. Structural determination of glycans was done using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.  A comparability experiment indicated that DO and pH profiles, cell growth, glucose and lactate profiles were similar in bench-scale bioreactors and minibioreactors. Although the relative areas of major N-glycans were found to be comparable in two systems, mAb titers in bench-scale bioreactor were about 50% higher than in minibioreactor.  While investigating this, a noticeable difference in the glutamine consumption in two systems was observed.  Evidence in the literature related glutamine consumption to pCO2 levels. In order to investigate the role of pCO2, a novel pCO2 sensor patch was modified for use in mammalian cell culture.  This sensor revealed a difference between the pCO2 profiles between two systems.  CO2 stripping studies were conducted in order to match pCO2 stripping rate. A comparability study conducted at comparable pCO2 stripping rate showed similar pCO2 profiles and a significant improvement in product titers in minibioreactors was achieved. Finally, the effect of DO on cell culture in minibioreactors and bench-scale bioreactors was investigated and it was found to be comparable.
Determination of the Strong Phase in D0 -> K+pi- Using Quantum-Correlated Measurements
Creators: name: The CLEO Collaboration
name: Rosner, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the quantum coherence between pair-produced D0 and D0bar in psi(3770) decays to study charm mixing, which is characterized by the parameters x and y, and to make a first determination of the relative strong phase δbetween D0 -> K+pi- and D0bar -> K+pi-. Using 281 pb^-1 of e^+e^- collision data collected with the CLEO-c detector at E_cm = 3.77 GeV, as well as branching fraction input and time-integrated measurements of R_M = (x^2+y^2)/2 and R_{WS} = Gamma(D0 -> K+pi-)/Gamma(D0bar -> K+pi-) from other experiments, we find \cosδ= 1.03 +0.31-0.17 +- 0.06, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. By further including other mixing parameter measurements, we obtain an alternate measurement of \cosδ= 1.10 +- 0.35 +- 0.07, as well as x\sinδ= (4.4 +2.7-1.8 +- 2.9) x 10^-3 and δ= 22 +11-12 +9-11 degrees.
description: 5 pages, also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2007/. Incorporated referees' comments
Psychometric Properties of the Dissociative Partner Violence Scale
Creators: name: Mantakos, Stella Marie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Psychology, Psychometrics (0632)

description: The aim of this project was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Dissociative Partner Violence Scale. The DPVS was designed to measure the depersonalization, derealization, and amnestic factors of dissociation as these occur specifically during the perpetration of partner violence. Research has shown a correlation between dissociation and the frequency of partner violence (Simoneti, Scott, & Murphy, 2000). Data from 243 men presenting for services at a community-based domestic violence counseling center in Maryland were utilized. Self-report measures and recorded follow-up interviews were utilized in the study. The DPVS did not possess adequate content validity as evaluated by the follow-up interviews. This study did however produce evidence that a small percentage of individuals report apparently valid violence-specific dissociative experiences occurring during the perpetration of intimate partner-violence. Implications for treating these individuals may differ from the status quo, in that they may benefit from clinical efforts to process past violence-based trauma. Interestingly, the interviews suggest that dissociative-violence may be linked both to past violent acts perpetrated by the individuals themselves and to past childhood violence exposure or victimization.
CARBOCYCLIC FLEXIMERS: THE DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL CLASS OF CARBOCYCLIC NUCLEOSIDES
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Sarah Catherine
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Carbocycle
Carbocyclic Nucleosides
Fleximer
Modified Nucleosides

description: Nucleoside analogues have been investigated as therapeutic agents against cancers, viruses, parasites and bacteria. Unfortunately, there are growing reports of resistance to currently used therapeutics. One main cause of resistance is attributed to the development of point mutations to key amino acid residues in the active site of the target enzyme. As a result, it is imperative to develop new drugs that may overcome this resistance mechanism. In that regard, use of flexible inhibitors that have the potential to interact with other amino acids not previously involved in the mechanism of action in an enzyme binding site could prove strategic. By endowing the inhibitor with the ability to change conformation and bypass point mutations, the drug could retain biological activity whereas a rigid analogue may not. Moreover, the flexible analogue could potentially sample more favorable binding interactions thereby increasing binding affinity. These advantages have been proven fruitful with several flexible nucleoside inhibitors known as fleximers developed in the Seley-Radtke laboratory. As an extension of our preliminary findings, we have designed a series of carbocyclic flexible nucleosides for the inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, adenosine deaminase, as well as viral polymerases. These compounds focus on combining the truncated carbocyclic sugar moiety with the flexible purine nucleobase. Synthesis was optimized using various coupling techniques such as those developed by Mitsunobu, Trost, Suzuki, Stille and Negishi. Compound design, synthesis and preliminary biological data will be discussed herein.
Process and Outcome Differences in a Scholastic Achievement Program Across Ethnic Groups
Creators: name: Phillips, Keondra L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Minority
Academic
Achievement
Psychology, General (0621)

description: This study examined the relationship of ethnicity as it related to outcomes and perceived support provided by a scholastic achievement program, the Meyerhoff Scholars Program (MSP).  The MSP is designed to promote the advancement of underrepresented minorities in the sciences and welcomes as well those who have a similar focus.  Study participants entered the MSP between 1996 and 1999 (N= 135).  Keeping with the program's initial objectives, the following hypotheses were examined: 1) the rate at which African American students enter doctoral programs in science will be higher than that of their Caucasian peers 2).  African American participants will report greater perceptions of support than non-underrepresented minority students.  3) Perceived support will mediate the relationship between ethnicity and entrance into PhD programs.  Additionally, this study explored the relationship between students' major and their perceptions of program support.  Results suggest African Americans were not more likely than Caucasians to enter doctoral programs, however secondary analyses indicate Asian/ Pacific Islander American students were more likely to enter MD programs than African Americans.   Furthermore, African Americans did not perceive greater support and support did not mediate the relationship between ethnicity and entrance in to PhD programs.  Additionally, exploratory findings did not indicate a significant relationship between major and entrance into PhD programs.  The non-significant findings from this study are encouraging for the Meyerhoff Scholars Program (and related programs) in that the program appears equally worthwhile for students it did not initially anticipate serving and for underrepresented minorities who were initially the sole focus.
BIOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CATALYTIC AND REGULATORY CONSTRUCTS OF SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE
Creators: name: Seeger, Franziska
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: conformational changes
crystallography
native mass spectrometry
nitric oxide
protein-protein interactions
soluble Guanylate Cyclase

description: Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is a key enzyme in the NO-sGC-cGMP signaling cascade and is crucial to cardiovascular regulation. NO binding to sGC regulatory domain enhances its basal catalytic activity to convert GTP to cGMP. The second messenger cGMP modulates downstream targets leading to vasodilation. Low output of this system results in hypertension and acute heart failure, two leading causes of death globally.  sGC is a heterodimer of two homologous subunits: α and β. Each subunit contains an N-terminal regulatory domain (HNOX: Heme Nitric oxide OXygen), central dimerization HNOX associated (HNOXA) and coiled coil (CC) domains, and a C-terminal catalytic domain (GC). The enzyme is basally active in the absence of NO, but NO binding to the heme group of the β subunit HNOX domain enhances catalytic output several hundred fold. This domain acts as a brake on catalytic activity, but the mechanism by which the HNOX domain inhibits activity in the basal state and relays the NO activation signal to the catalytic domain remains elusive.  By studying truncated sGC catalytic constructs, abGC and abCC-GC, we determined structural features necessary for enzymatic activity. Here, we report the first 1.9 ? crystal structure of wild type human heterodimeric αβGC and specific catalytic activity normalized per molecule of αβGC heterodimer using native mass spectrometry. cGMP activity measurements show that the isolated catalytic domain only exhibits 0.01% of the basal activity of full-length sGC despite its ability to heterodimerize. We propose that additional domains are needed to achieve sGC full catalytic output. We further provide preliminary data suggesting that 29 C-terminal residues in αGC regulate enzymatic activity by modulating the heterodimeric interface of sGC catalytic domains. Preliminary small-angle X-ray scattering and computational modeling data provide first evidence for spatial domain orientations of the HNOX and HNOXA domains in heme-free homodimeric MBP-βHNOX-HNOXA-CCtruncated construct. This study provides a knowledge base for individual domain contributions to sGC activation and suggests which conformational changes may occur during activation. As such, the herein reported results could serve as a starting point for the rational structure-aided design of novel sGC activators for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
COLDz: Deep 34 GHz Continuum Observations and Free-free Emission in High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Algera, H. S. B.
name: Hodge, J. A.
name: Riechers, D.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Pavesi, R.
name: Aravena, M.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Decarli, R.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Sargent, M.
name: Sharon, C. E.
name: Wagg, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-frequency radio sky has historically remained largely unexplored due to the typical faintness of sources in this regime, and the modest survey speed compared to observations at lower frequencies. However, high-frequency radio surveys present an invaluable tracer of high-redshift star-formation, as they directly target the faint radio free-free emission. We present deep continuum observations at 34 GHz in the COSMOS and GOODS-North fields from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), as part of the COLDz survey. The deep COSMOS mosaic spans $\sim10\text{arcmin}^2$ down to $σ=1.3μ\text{Jy beam}^{-1}$, while the wider GOODS-N observations cover $\sim50\text{arcmin}^2$ to $σ=5.3μ\text{Jy beam}^{-1}$. We present the deepest 34 GHz radio number counts to date, with five and thirteen continuum detections in COSMOS and GOODS-N, respectively. Nine galaxies show 34 GHz continuum emission that is originating from star-formation, although for two sources this is likely due to thermal emission from dust. Utilizing deep ancillary radio data at 1.4, 3, 5 and 10 GHz, we decompose the spectra of the remaining seven star-forming galaxies into their synchrotron and thermal free-free components, finding typical thermal fractions and synchrotron spectral indices comparable to those observed in local star-forming galaxies. Using calibrations from the literature, we determine free-free star-formation rates (SFRs), and show that these are in agreement with SFRs from spectral energy distribution fitting and the far-infrared/radio correlation. Our observations place strong direct constraints on the high-frequency radio emission in typical galaxies at high-redshift, and provide some of the first insight in what is set to become a key area of study with future radio facilities as the Square Kilometer Array Phase 1 and next-generation VLA.
description: Submitted to ApJ; 22 pages + appendices; 13 figures in main text