cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A slave-boson mean-field theory for general multi-band Hubbard models
Creators: name: Bünemann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new slave-boson mean-field theory which allows the investigation of general multi-band Hubbard models. Unlike earlier attempts of such a generalisation, in our approach the quantum-mechanical problem is exactly reformulated in an extended Hilbert space of Fermions and Bosons before a mean-field approximation is applied. Systems with superconducting order parameters are naturally included in our formalism. Our ground-state energy functional agrees with the corresponding quantity derived within the Gutzwiller theory.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Status Solidi B
Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Metabolite Pyocyanin in Water and Saliva by Employing the SERS Technique
Creators: name: Zukovskaja, Olga
name: Jahn, Izabella-Jolan
name: Weber, Karina
name: Cialla-May, Dana
name: Popp, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: SERS
subject: pyocyanin
subject: microfluidics
subject: diagnosis
subject: artificial sputum
subject: 620

description: Pyocyanin (PYO) is a metabolite specific for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the case of immunocompromised patients, it is currently considered a biomarker for life-threating Pseudomonas infections. In the frame of this study it is shown, that PYO can be detected in aqueous solution by employing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with a microfluidic platform. The achieved limit of detection is 0.5 μM. This is ~2 orders of magnitude below the concentration of PYO found in clinical samples. Furthermore, as proof of principle, the SERS detection of PYO in the saliva of three volunteers was also investigated. This body fluid can be collected in a non-invasive manner and is highly chemically complex, making the detection of the target molecule challenging. Nevertheless, PYO was successfully detected in two saliva samples down to 10 μM and in one sample at a concentration of 25 μM. This indicates that the molecules present in saliva do not inhibit the efficient adsorption of PYO on the surface of the employed SERS active substrates.
title: "Irreconcilable antagonisms" in Faulkner and Conrad: The Nigger of the 'Narcissus' and As I Lay Dying
Creators: name: Valente, Pete
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Faulkner and Conrad possessed marked affinities in personal history, moral vision and narrative technique. They wrote in response to "irreconcilable antagonism"; their common preoccupations and attitudes are grounded in temperamental affinities which were rooted in their own personal, familial and cultural histories. There are clear similarities between Conrad's Ukraine and Faulkner's South. The work of Mikhail Bakhtin supplies the 'key' or 'enabling methodology' for a comparative study of The Nigger of the 'Narcissus' and As I Lay Dying. The thesis is divided into two parts, which are, themselves, divided into titled sections. There are three introductory sections which aim to provide a critical 'map' for the reader. We then look at the ways in which Conrad and Faulkner represent and give voice to simple. This is followed by an examination of the relationship between figural and narratorial voices in The Nigger and the ways in which Faulkner uses the limited voices of individual characters to perform functions traditionally associated with the omniscient narrator. The issue of narratorial 'unreliability' and 'inconsistency' in both books is also explored. In the second part, we consider the pervasive relationship or 'congruence' between narrative and value-structures, a feature which the novels share. Our sense of this relationship grows directly out of the notion that they are composed of competing figural and narratorial voices. We look also at some of the major differences and similarities between the novels' value-schemes. We go on to examine how language is seen to relate to values. We then consider some of the implications or consequences of this relationship for notions of community and human solidarity. We conclude with an examination of the attitude of the authors, themselves, to their own work, especially in terms of their 'public' and 'private' voices.
A stable self-structuring adaptive fuzzy control scheme for continuous single-input single-output nonlinear systems
Creators: name: Phan, PA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Adaptive fuzzy control has been an active research area in the past decade. Fundamental issues such as stability, robustness, and performance analysis have been solved. However, one main drawback is the generally fixed structure of the fuzzy controllers, which are normally chosen by trial-and-error in practice. Few attempts to develop self-structuring AFC have been reported, and important issues such as stability, computational efficiency, and implementability have not been investigated thoroughly. In particular, the stability of the system when the structure changes has not been proven. Thus, a more effective self-structuring AFC scheme is desirable. The main objective of the research is to develop a stable self-structuring AFC scheme for continuous-time single-input-single-output (SISO) uncertain nonlinear systems. A novel online self-structuring adaptive fuzzy control scheme that is applicable for a number of classes of continuous SISO nonlinear systems is proposed. The applicable classes include affine nonlinear systems, non-affine nonlinear systems, and nonlinear systems in triangular forms. The main features of the proposed control scheme are: ‚Äö It needs less restriction on the controlled plants and no restriction on the design parameters. ‚Äö It employs a modified adaptive law that guarantees explicit boundedness of adaptive parameters and control action. ‚Äö The self-structuring algorithm is relatively simple and guarantees explicit boundedness of the number of rules generated. ‚Äö Only triangular membership functions are generated and only 2 membership functions are allowed to overlap to increase the interpretability of generated fuzzy controllers. ‚Äö High-gain observers are used when not all the states are measurable and the design of observers is completely separated from the design of controllers. ‚Äö For nonlinear systems in triangular forms, only one fuzzy system is needed (unlike the back-stepping approach where one fuzzy system is needed at each step). ‚Äö An approximation error estimator and an automatic switching mechanism can be used to further increase the robustness and computational efficiency. The stability of the overall system, especially when the structure changes, is guaranteed using the Lyapunov stability technique. The overall system is stable in the sense that all the variables are bounded (including number of rules generated) and the tracking error is uniformly ultimately bounded. The proposed control algorithms are implemented in Matlab and Simulink for ease of simulation and practical application. Numerous simulation examples are performed to demonstrate the theoretical results. The proposed control scheme makes practical application of AFC easier. Designers need to specify only a few design parameters and no longer have to specify the controller structure by trial and error. A simulation or application can be quickly and easily implemented using the developed controllers in Simulink.
Additional file 1 of The modified lymphocyte C-reactive protein score is a promising indicator for predicting 3-year mortality in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures
Creators: name: He, Zile
name: Zhang, Chuangxin
name: Ran, Mingzi
name: Deng, Xin
name: Wang, Zilin
name: Liu, Yanhong
name: Li, Hao
name: Lou, Jingsheng
name: Mi, Weidong
name: Cao, Jiangbei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Black holes in full quantum gravity
Creators: name: Krasnov, Kirill
name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum black holes have been studied extensively in quantum gravity and string theory, using various semiclassical or background dependent approaches. We explore the possibility of studying black holes in the full non-perturbative quantum theory, without recurring to semiclassical considerations, and in the context of loop quantum gravity. We propose a definition of a quantum black hole as the collection of the quantum degrees of freedom that do not influence observables at infinity. From this definition, it follows that for an observer at infinity a black hole is described by an SU(2) intertwining operator. The dimension of the Hilbert space of such intertwiners grows exponentially with the horizon area. These considerations shed some light on the physical nature of the microstates contributing to the black hole entropy. In particular, it can be seen that the microstates being counted for the entropy have the interpretation of describing different horizon shapes. The space of black hole microstates described here is related to the one arrived at recently by Engle, Noui and Perez, and sometime ago by Smolin, but obtained here directly within the full quantum theory.
description: 5 pages
Single-molecule studies reveal mechanisms of human DNA double-strand break repair
Creators: name: Myler, Logan Ross
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: DNA
Double-strand break
MRN
Exo1
Resection
Resectosome
Homologous recombination

description: DNA damage is ubiquitous to all organisms and very complex pathways have evolved to recognize and repair these lesions. The most deleterious DNA damages are double-strand breaks (DSBs), and a single unrepaired DSB can lead to cell death. In human cells, there exist two canonical pathways of DSB repair: Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) and Homologous Recombination (HR). Two protein complexes that rapidly bind DNA ends coordinate these separate pathways: the Ku70-Ku80 heterodimer (Ku) and the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex (MRN), respectively. Ku encircles the DNA ends and recruits other factors, such the kinase DNA-PKcs, to bluntly ligate the ends back together. In contrast, MRN along with the long-range nuclease Exo1 and helicase BLM digests the DNA to create long 3’ single-stranded DNA overhangs, which are rapidly bound by the single-stranded DNA binding protein RPA. Next, Rad51 replaces RPA and facilitates strand exchange into a homologous chromosome to resynthesize the missing information in a largely error-free way. Despite the importance of DSB repair, many of the underlying mechanisms by which these molecular machines dynamically assemble and carry out the repair process have remained unknown. Here, I use a combination of ensemble biochemical assays as well as high-throughput single-molecule microscopy to visualize the repair process. I have observed two main steps of the repair process: initiation of HR by MRN and long-range resection by Exo1. I have found that MRN locates DSBs by a sliding mechanism that allows it to load on Ku-blocked ends. Then, once it reaches the end, MRN removes DNA-PK and recruits Exo1 and BLM in order to promote long-range digestion of the DNA. Finally, the Exo1/BLM resectosome is attenuated by phosphorylation of RPA. Overall, I have characterized the initiation and regulation of DSBR. This will lead to a new understanding of the ways in which these deleterious lesions are repaired and will contribute to understanding cancer as well as techniques for genetic manipulation.
Effective competition and corporate disclosure : a critical study
Creators: name: Devji, Razahussein Mohamedhussein Merali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Economic activity in the United States and Canada is predominantly performed by corporations. They are by far the largest private employers of workers, the biggest investors and the predominant instrument of production. They are rapidly growing in size, are generating sufficient funds internally to carry out most of their expansion programs, and are diversifying into unrelated activities. Their affairs are increasingly managed by professional executives who have little, if any, stake in the risk capital. The shareholders, who are legally presumed to exercise control over the powers and actions of corporate executives, are normally too numerous and scattered so as not to be in a position to have a significant influence on the policies of the corporations. The changing role of the corporations has led to considerable discussion about the legitimacy of corporate power and the accountability of corporations for their actions which affect others such as consumers, workers, suppliers and the public. As part of this general accountability, the question is raised about the type and extent of information that corporations should be required to disclose to persons and groups who save no contractual relationship with these corporations. Many businessmen, accountants, political theorists, economists, and lawyers have put forward their views about corporate disclosure which differ widely from one another. A principle reason for the divergent views about corporate disclosure is that they use different frames of references to base their arguments for or against disclosure of more information than is at present provided by corporations. This study is an attempt to use the normative model of 'Effective Competition' as a guide for the type and extent of disclosure to be made by corporations. An examination of current literature on competition suggested that the lines of demarcation for the normative model of 'Effective Competition' can be defined by reviewing the national objectives of the United States and Canada which form the framework for the model and by examining the main characteristics in the economy which reflect the structure of the model. The informational requirements of the main actors in the economy namely consumers, employers, workers, creditors, investors, government-run corporations, foreign firms dealing with the countries and various government agencies whose actions have a direct effect on other actors form the basis of specific recommendations made about the type and extent of disclosure that should be required from corporations operating in Canada.
The automation concept of the U-Shift II Vehicle: digital twin in Carla
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Automatisierung
subject: U-Shift
subject: Digital Twin
subject: Carla
subject: DDC 000 / Computer science, information & general works
subject: Digital twins (Computer simulation)
subject: Automation

description: Autonomous driving technology enables new and innovative driverless vehicle concepts to emerge, like U-Shift. Designed from the ground up, the U-Shift II platform, called driveboard, exemplifies the advantages of separating a vehicle's driving capability from the intended transportation task. It allows different so-called capsules, such as public transport or cargo, to be transported using the same U-shaped driving platform. The driveboard can change the capsules autonomously, thus providing high flexibility for fleet operators. This novel approach introduces new challenges to the task of autonomous driving. On one hand, changing sensor and vehicle configurations, e.g., when transporting a capsule with its own sensors to compensate for occlusions of the driveboard sensors by the capsule itself, requires an adaptive approach to environmental perception. On the other hand, different environments and driving tasks, as well as the augmented motion capabilities of the driveboard, require novel motion planning and control algorithms that also adapt to changing vehicle configurations. For example, the driveboard's automatic pick-up of capsules places high demands on perception and planning precision. In this paper, we first present our automation concept for the U-Shift II vehicle, which comprises environment perception and motion planning, emphasizing the modifications and enhancements compared to state-of-the-art autonomous vehicles. Second, we present a proof of concept focusing on flexibility and adaptivity based on a software-in-the-loop simulation using CARLA.
Transformations of the polycyclic Alumosiloxane Al2(OSiPh2OSiPh2O)3 into new Polycycles and Co(II) and In(III) derivatives of (Ph2SiO)8[Al(O)OH]4
Creators: name: Veith, Michael
name: Sahin, Fadime
name: Nadig, Sandra
name: Huch, Volker
name: Morgenstern, Bernd
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aluminum oxygen compounds
subject: Alumo-siloxanes
subject: Polycyclic Alumosiloxides
subject: Conformations of cyclic alumo-siloxanes
subject: Coordination of polycyclic alumosiloxides to cobalt(II) and indium(III)
subject: 540

description: In the presence of water and amines the etherate of bicyclic Al2(OSiPh2OSiPh2O)3 (II a) can be used to generate novel alumosiloxane polycycles like [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2O[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O] ⋅ 2 H2N+Et2 (1), [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2Si)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+Et3 (2), [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+Et3 (3 a, 3 b), which crystallizes in two different phases, and [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+(CH2CH2)3N (4). As a common structural feature of these compounds two aluminum atoms which are incorporated in six-membered Al[O(SiPh2OSiPh2)O−] rings are connected as spiro cyclic centers through oxygen and/or siloxane bridges [(OSiPh2)nO] (n=1, 2) to form an assembly of three fused rings at the aluminum corners. The central ring is either eight- (1, 2) or twelve-membered (3, 4). Alkyl ammonium cations balance the charges and form hydrogen bridges to oxygen atoms of the six membered rings. The pentacyclic (Ph2SiO)8[Al(O)OH]4 (I) can be used indirectly (addition of water) and directly as chelating ligand versus Co(II)Cl and In-CH3 fragments as shown with the isolated and structurally characterized compounds (HN+Et3)2{[(Ph2Si)2O3][Al4(OH)4O2](CoCl)2}2− (5 a, 5 b) and (Ph2SiO)8[AlO(OH)]2[AlO2]2(InCH3) ⋅ 2 O(CH2)4 (6).
Conceptual tactical framework for optimizing whole-life cost of sustainable buildings in Jordan
Creators: name: Nasereddin, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Overall, this research took an interpretivist/ constructivist paradigm, to solve a real-world problem of delivering sustainable buildings in Jordan when the most significant barrier is seen as the capital cost. The research pursued the development of a tactical framework which will encourage clients to adopt sustainability concepts as to reduce its capital cost by management tools and techniques (VM, TQM) and running cost by sustainable systems and materials; hence to focus on whole life-costs. This is a conceptual framework which is developed to promote decisions in projects which allow clients to recognise the whole-life value of investing in sustainable design and construction.
Extremely Correlated Quantum Liquids
Creators: name: Shastry, B Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the theory of an extremely correlated electron liquid, generalizing the standard Fermi liquid. This quantum liquid has specific signatures in various physical properties, such as the Fermi surface volume and the narrowing of electronic bands by spin and density correlation functions. We use Schwinger's source field idea to generate equations for the Greens function for the Hubbard operators. A local (matrix) scale transformation in the time domain to a quasiparticle Greens function, is found to be optimal. This transformation allows us to generate vertex functions that are guaranteed to reduce to the bare values for high frequencies, i.e. are ``asymptotically free''. The quasiparticles are fractionally charged objects, and we find an exact Schwinger Dyson equation for their Greens function. We find a hierarchy of equations for the vertex functions, and further we obtain Ward identities so that systematic approximations are feasible. An expansion in terms of the density of holes measured from the Mott Hubbard insulating state follows from the nature of the theory. A systematic presentation of the formalism is followed by some preliminary explicit calculations.
description: 40 pages, typos removed
Dynamical Chern-Simons Modified Gravity I: Spinning Black Holes in the Slow-Rotation Approximation
Creators: name: Yunes, Nicolas
name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-energy limit of string theory contains an anomaly-canceling correction to the Einstein-Hilbert action, which defines an effective theory: Chern-Simons (CS) modified gravity. The CS correction consists of the product of a scalar field with the Pontryagin density, where the former can be treated as a background field (non-dynamical formulation) or as an evolving field (dynamical formulation). Many solutions of general relativity persist in the modified theory; a notable exception is the Kerr metric, which has sparked a search for rotating black hole solutions. Here, for the first time, we find a solution describing a rotating black hole within the dynamical framework, and in the small-coupling/slow-rotation limit. The solution is axisymmetric and stationary, constituting a deformation of the Kerr metric with dipole scalar "hair," whose effect on geodesic motion is to weaken the frame-dragging effect and shift the location of the inner-most stable circular orbit outwards (inwards) relative to Kerr for co-rotating (counter-rotating) geodesics. We further show that the correction to the metric scales inversely with the fourth power of the radial distance to the black hole, suggesting it will escape any meaningful bounds from weak-field experiments. For example, using binary pulsar data we can only place an initial bound on the magnitude of the dynamical coupling constant of $ξ^{1/4} \lesssim 10^{4} {\textrm{km}}$. More stringent bounds will require observations of inherently strong-field phenomena.
description: 13 pages, no figures, replaced with version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. This version corrects a minor typo in Eq. 1 of the published version
A closer look at the uncertainty relation of position and momentum
Creators: name: Schürmann, Thomas
name: Hoffmann, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider particles prepared by the von Neumann-Lüders projection. For those particles the standard deviation of the momentum is discussed. We show that infinite standard deviations are not exceptions but rather typical. A necessary and sufficient condition for finite standard deviations is given. Finally, a new uncertainty relation is derived and it is shown that the latter cannot be improved.
description: 3 pages, introduction shortened, content unchanged
Singlet-triplet relaxation in multivalley silicon single quantum dots
Creators: name: Wang, L.
name: Shen, K.
name: Sun, B. Y.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the singlet-triplet relaxation due to the spin-orbit coupling together with the electron-phonon scattering in two-electron multivalley silicon single quantum dots, using the exact diagonalization method and the Fermi golden rule. The electron-electron Coulomb interaction, which is crucial in the electronic structure, is explicitly included. The multivalley effect induced by the interface scattering is also taken into account. We first study the configuration with a magnetic field in the Voigt configuration and identify the relaxation channel of the experimental data by Xiao {\em et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 104}, 096801 (2010)]. Good agreement with the experiment is obtained. Moreover, we predict a peak in the magnetic-field dependence of the singlet-triplet relaxation rate induced by the anticrossing of the singlet and triplet states. We then work on the system with a magnetic field in the Faraday configuration, where the different values of the valley splitting are discussed. In the case of large valley splitting, we find the transition rates can be effectively manipulated by varying the external magnetic field and the dot size. The intriguing features of the singlet-triplet relaxation in the vicinity of the anticrossing point are analyzed. In the case of small valley splitting, we find that the transition rates are much smaller than those in the case of large valley splitting, resulting from the different configurations of the triplet states.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Avifaunal ecology and responses to post-fire succession of buttongrass moorlands in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area
Creators: name: Chaudhry, TA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Fire management has become an increasingly critical issue in areas of high conservation value such as the pyrogenic buttongrass moorlands in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The moorland avifauna is depauperate, comprised of only three cryptic, ground-dwelling resident species that depend exclusively upon moorlands in the study area. These include the Southern Emu-wren (Stipiturus malachurus), Striated Fieldwren (Calamanthus fuliginosus), and Ground Parrot (Pezoporus wallicus), in addition to a small number of species that are typically associated with adjacent forested habitats. This thesis is the first comprehensive study of the buttongrass moorland avifauna and investigated responses to post-fire succession primarily to help guide fire and conservation management. The replicated space-for-time study included sites in low productivity, blanket moorlands at Lake Pedder (n = 12; 2-54 years post-fire) and in moderate productivity, eastern moorlands at Lake St Clair (n = 14; 1-44 years post-fire). Avifaunal diversity, density, and habitat use over three seasons were quantified and analysed in relation to fire age, soil productivity and composition, structure, and spatial characteristics of habitats at both locations. Observed patterns of avifaunal diversity, density, and habitat use across the two chronosequences were complex and revealed high levels of inter-specific and inter-site variation in relation to habitat variables. Overall, mean densities of the resident species at Lake Pedder increased across the chronosequence, whereas at Lake St Clair they peaked 2-8 years post-fire. Mean densities of the non-resident species did not exhibit any consistent trends in relation to fire age. Observations of habitat use demonstrated that the resident and non-resident species used riparian and edge habitats disproportionately to their availability at both locations when compared to the moorland matrix. Surveys of potential arthropod prey resources conducted in matrix and riparian habitats at Lake St Clair indicated that mean abundance and mean energy content across orders were greater in riparian habitats and mid-seral sites, respectively. Thus, patterns of habitat selection by insectivorous species at Lake St Clair also appeared to reflect the differing availabilities of potential arthropod prey. Lastly, a paired before-after-control-impact study conducted at Lake St Clair (n = 4) indicated that hazard-reduction burning in moorlands may result in overall reductions in resident avian densities and increases in non-resident densities in the short-term (< 1.5 years post-fire). The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to current fire management practices and recommendations are provided to facilitate the conservation of critical resources for the moorland avifauna across the landscape and over time.
Upper critical field measurements up to 60 T in arsenic-deficient LaO_(0.9)F_(0.1)FeAs_(1-delta): Pauli limiting behaviour at high fields vs improved superconductivity at low fields
Creators: name: Fuchs, G.
name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Kozlova, N.
name: Freudenberger, J.
name: Bartkowiak, M.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Behr, G.
name: Nenkov, K.
name: Buechner, B.
name: Schultz, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report resistivity and upper critical field B_c2(T) data for As deficient LaO_(0.9)F_(0.1)FeAs_(1-delta) in a wide temperature and high field range up to 60 T. These disordered samples exhibit a slightly enhanced superconducting transition at T_c = 29 K and a significantly enlarged slope dB_(c2))/dT = -5.4 T/K near T_c which contrasts with a flattening of B_(c2)(T) starting near 23 K above 30 T. This flattening is interpreted as Pauli limiting behaviour (PLB) with B_(c2)(0) approx 63 T. We compare our results with B_(c2)(T)-data reported in the literature for clean and disordered samples. Whereas clean samples show no PLB for fields below 60 to 70 T, the hitherto unexplained flattening of B_(c2)(T) for applied fields H || ab observed for several disordered closely related systems is interpreted also as a manifestation of PLB. Consequences of our results are discussed in terms of disorder effects within the frame of conventional and unconventional superconductivity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to RHMF09 (9th International Conference on the Research in High Magnetic Fields), Dresden, July 22-25, 2009
tau -> pi pi pi nu_tau decays and the a_1(1260) off-shell width revisited
Creators: name: Dumm, D. Gomez
name: Roig, P.
name: Pich, A.
name: Portoles, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tau -> pi pi pi nu_tau decay is driven by the hadronization of the axial-vector current. Within the resonance chiral theory, and considering the large-Nc expansion, this process has been studied in Ref.[1]. In the light of later developments we revise here this previous work by including a new off-shell width for the lightest a_1 resonance that provides a good description of the tau -> pi pi pi nu_tau spectrum and branching ratio. We also consider the role of the rho(1450) resonance in these observables. Thus we bring in an overall description of the tau -> pi pi pi nu_tau process in excellent agreement with our present experimental knowledge.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Interaction between rheumatoid arthritis and mediterranean diet on the risk of cardiovascular disease for the middle aged and elderly from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Creators: name: Zhan, Yuwei
name: Yang, Zhou
name: Liu, Ying
name: Zhan, Feng
name: Lin, Shudian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
T-Duality and Homological Mirror Symmetry of Toric Varieties
Creators: name: Fang, Bohan
name: Liu, Chiu-Chu Melissa
name: Treumann, David
name: Zaslow, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X_Σ$ be a complete toric variety. The coherent-constructible correspondence $κ$ of \cite{FLTZ} equates $\Perf_T(X_Σ)$ with a subcategory $Sh_{cc}(M_\bR;\LS)$ of constructible sheaves on a vector space $M_\bR.$ The microlocalization equivalence $μ$ of \cite{NZ,N} relates these sheaves to a subcategory $Fuk(T^*M_\bR;\LS)$ of the Fukaya category of the cotangent $T^*M_\bR$. When $X_\Si$ is nonsingular, taking the derived category yields an equivariant version of homological mirror symmetry, $DCoh_T(X_\Si)\cong DFuk(T^*M_\bR;\LS)$, which is an equivalence of triangulated tensor categories. The nonequivariant coherent-constructible correspondence $\barκ$ of \cite{T} embeds $\Perf(X_\Si)$ into a subcategory $Sh_c(T_\bR^\vee;\barΛ_\Si)$ of constructible sheaves on a compact torus $T_\bR^\vee$. When $X_\Si$ is nonsingular, the composition of $\barκ$ and microlocalization yields a version of homological mirror symmetry, $DCoh(X_Σ)\hookrightarrow DFuk(T^*T_\bR;\barΛ_\Si)$, which is a full embedding of triangulated tensor categories. When $X_\Si$ is nonsingular and projective, the composition $τ=μ\circ κ$ is compatible with T-duality, in the following sense. An equivariant ample line bundle $\cL$ has a hermitian metric invariant under the real torus, whose connection defines a family of flat line bundles over the real torus orbits. This data produces a T-dual Lagrangian brane $\mathbb L$ on the universal cover $T^*M_\bR$ of the dual real torus fibration. We prove $\mathbb L\cong τ(\cL)$ in $Fuk(T^*M_\bR;\LS).$ Thus, equivariant homological mirror symmetry is determined by T-duality.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures. The previous version of this paper has now been broken into two parts. The other part is available at arXiv:1007.0053
The changing role of the modern prosecutor : has the notion of the Minister of Justice‚ÄövÑvp outlived its usefulness?
Creators: name: Plater, DJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The role of the prosecuting lawyer, despite its crucial importance in the administration of criminal justice, has often been both misunderstood and overlooked. The prosecutor acts not as a partisan advocate bent solely on the conviction of the accused but rather as the disinterested minister of justice whose only purpose is to assist the court in arriving at the truth of the matter in dispute and promoting justice. This notion is deeply entrenched in the criminal law. This Thesis considers the development of the prosecutorial role in England and Australia as a minister of justice. It examines specifically the development and application in England and Australia of two important functions performed by the prosecution; first, the prosecution's obligations in the disclosure of relevant material in its possession to the defence and, secondly, the prosecution's discretion in its choice of the witnesses to call at trial. The focus of this Thesis is on the performance of these two functions in the context of the preparation for trial and/or the conduct of a criminal trial on indictment before the higher courts. This Thesis considers the inherent tension in the exercise of these functions between the dual prosecutorial roles of minister of justice and active advocate in an adversarial criminal justice system. It is argued that this tension is ultimately not capable of reconciliation. This Thesis questions the extent to which the minister of justice concept remains an appropriate model to govern the exercise of the modern prosecutorial role. It is argued that more than rhetoric is necessary to define and govern the modern prosecutorial role adequately. It may be timely to reconsider the minister of justice concept as a universal definition of the modern prosecutorial role. It is accepted that in relation to disclosure of relevant material the prosecution must act as the candid minister of justice. However, it is argued that the prosecuting lawyer should be free with respect to some functions and in some circumstances to assume a robust and adversarial‚ÄövÑvp role, notably with regard to its choice of the witnesses to call at trial.
Computing the endomorphism ring of an ordinary elliptic curve over a finite field
Creators: name: Bisson, Gaetan
name: Sutherland, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G20, 11Y16

description: We present two algorithms to compute the endomorphism ring of an ordinary elliptic curve E defined over a finite field F_q. Under suitable heuristic assumptions, both have subexponential complexity. We bound the complexity of the first algorithm in terms of log q, while our bound for the second algorithm depends primarily on log |D_E|, where D_E is the discriminant of the order isomorphic to End(E). As a byproduct, our method yields a short certificate that may be used to verify that the endomorphism ring is as claimed.
description: 16 pages (minor edits)
The Therapeutic potential of lentivector-delivered RNAi
Creators: name: Casey, NP
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Many forms of leukaemia are caused by chromosomal translocations, which result in specific and characteristic genomic sequences. Where these sequences are unique to the leukaemic cells, they represent good candidates for targeting by sequencespecific techniques, such as RNA-Interference (RNAi). RNAi is a mechanism inherent in eukaryotic cells which silences target mRNAs based on homology to a dsRNA template. This template may be introduced artificially by a number of methods, and so this mechanism can be manipulated to regulate the expression of target genes. One of the most efficient methods of introducing RNAi templates is by expression of shorthairpin RNA (shRNA) cassettes from DNA plasmids or vectors. Lentiviral vectors are based on viruses that integrate into the DNA of the host cell, and are a highly efficient class of vectors for transducing and providing stable transgene expression in a range of cell types. They are particularly effective at tansducing haematopoietic cells, which have proven difficult to transduce by other methods. By fine-tuning the methods of vector production and transduction, a range of human leukaemic cells lines were able to be transduced with unprecedented efficiency in the present study. Lentiviral transduction was combined with rapid puromycin selection to generate a pure population of transduced cells with minimal expansion of the cell population. The strategy of expressing shRNAs from retroviral and lentiviral vectors combined with puromycin selection was used to target three well-characterised fusion genes; Bcr-Abl, PML/RAR˜í¬± and RUNX1/ETO, in three human leukaemic cell lines. In two of these, the shRNA was able to efficiently and effectively down-regulate the target mRNA, and inhibit the proliferation of the transduced leukaemic cells. In the third case, RUNX1/ETO, no effective shRNA design could be identified. Finally, concerns over the safety of integration targeting by current gene therapy vectors motivated an investigation of the activity of a novel integrase enzyme from the Ty3 retrotransposon found in yeast. In yeast cells, the integration-mediating enzyme of this retrotransposon has very specific targeting characteristcs, which, if retained in human cells, would provide a very safe gene therapy vector. It was found that this enzyme is indeed active in human cells, and therefore has potential in the context of human gene therapy.
Summary Report on the role of cultural tourism in the development of place identities, the appreciation of "otherness" and the impact on minorities
Creators: name: Wallace, Claire
name: Shaddock, John
name: Garrison, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SPOT
report
cultural tourism
place identity

description: One of the SPOT project tasks was to collect comparative information on several themes. These themes are not directly part of the quantitative data collection but are a requirement for project reporting. We collected comparative data across the different case studies to put together a summary report. Given the nature of these data, we decided to collect them as “expert” assessments from teams. This report focuses on the development of place identities, the appreciation of “otherness “ and the impact on minorities in relation to cultural tourism. Since these are a heterogenous cluster of ideas, they have each been addressed separately in this report. The report is based on notes from a series of online and face-to-face workshops held during April and May 2022 among project partners (WS3 and WS4) and from an online series of focused questions circulated in August 2022. Each country is referred to by the international notation, but we should note that data was collected from case studies within countries, rather than the country as a whole. For this reason, we have included a table below indicating how country notation is used and to which case study it refers. Due to the diversity of case studies, we have often highlighted one or two examples as illustrative rather than comprehensively including them all. The SPOT project focused mainly on more rural and less visited areas as case studies, so this has influenced the kinds of findings that have emerged.
Interplay of the Aharonov-Bohm effect and Klein tunneling in graphene
Creators: name: Schelter, Jörg
name: Bohr, Dan
name: Trauzettel, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the effect of Klein tunneling on the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in graphene rings using a tight-binding model with nearest-neighbor couplings. In order to introduce Klein tunneling into the system, we apply an electrostatic potential to one of the arms of the ring, such that this arm together with the two adjacent leads form either a $nn'n$- or $npn$-junction ($n,n'$: conduction band transport, $p$: valence band transport). The former case corresponds to normal tunneling and the latter case to Klein tunneling. We find that the transmission properties strongly depend on the smoothness of the $pn$-interfaces. In particular, for sharp junctions the amplitude profile is symmetric around the charge neutrality point in the gated arm, whereas for smooth junctions the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations are strongly suppressed in the Klein tunneling as compared to the normal tunneling regime.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures; revised version (minor improvements to the text, replaced Fig. 7); to be published in Physical Review B
Appraisal of methods used for timing investment decisions in the stock market
Creators: name: Rousseau, Alfred Sim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The main purpose of this study was to test the worth of using methods of timing investment decisions in the stock market. The writer investigated the use of economic and technical indicators in forecasting the most advantageous times for investing and disinvesting in the stock market. Recognition was given to the importance of fundamental analysis in the choice of stocks, and the "balance of the appraisal was devoted to the timing decision, or, "when to "buy?". A null hypothesis was formed to provide the basis for a test on the timing decision. The hypothesis was tested by the use of a model, consisting of economic and technical indicators, and criteria that are developed for the performance of the model. The statistical method in this appraisal comprises of the formation of indexes for forecasting the investment decisions. Some of the leading economic indicators that were developed by the National Bureau of Economic Research, and the Index of Consumer Sentiment of the University of Michigan were formed into a diffusion index, which was tested for the purpose of assigning a weight to its performance. A group of eight currently used technical indicators were then individually tested for their effectiveness in a market forecast. Of these, six were found suitable, and were then incorporated into a composite index. The composite index was then tested for the purpose of assigning a weight to its performance. On the basis of their weighting, the diffusion index and the composite index were then incorporated into the model. By means of tests, suitable criteria were developed for the performance of the model. The model was then used to test the null hypothesis that was formed for this appraisal. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between a buy and hold investment decision, and one that was timed to the indications of the chosen economic and technical indicators.
Outward and upward mobility - How Afghan and Syrian refugees can use mobility to improve their prospects
Creators: name: Katsiaficas, Caitlin
name: Wagner, Martin
name: Mielke, Katja
name: Tobin, Sarah
name: Momani, Fawwaz Ayoub
name: Al-Yakoub, Tamara
name: Javed, Muhammad Mudassar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: protracted displacement
circular mobility
onward mobility
refugees
Afghanistan
Syria
Jordan
Pakistan
social networks
durable solutions
human rights
complementary pathways
resettlement
family reunification

description: Jordan and Pakistan are among the countries that host the most refugees worldwide—refugees who come from countries facing protracted conflicts with no end in sight. TRAFIG research at multiple sites in Jordan and urban Pakistan (conducted before the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021) found that, despite myriad challenges, many refugees are mobile—and they are using this mobility to unlock a range of opportunities. However, the potential benefits of mobility are far from being fully leveraged. This policy brief examines how and why refugees are moving after their initial displacement and suggests how policymakers in the region and elsewhere, in collaboration with humanitarian, development and integration stakeholders, can help Afghans and Syrians tap into outward mobility to improve their upward mobility. Key findings and policy implications Many refugees move out of camps to other cities in Jordan and Pakistan to join their networks and seek employment and better living conditions. Permitting freedom of movement within host countries would enable more displaced people to maintain their networks, find employment and achieve a sense of stability. While mobility to and from Syria and Afghanistan is particularly important for maintaining networks and livelihoods, some also seek opportunities within the wider region. In allowing for circular mobility, ensuring that any return movements are voluntary is crucial, particularly given the continually changing conflict dynamics in refugees’ countries of origin. Making sure that all returns are voluntary means that mobility can serve as a resource that helps refugees earn a livelihood rather than a feature of protracted displacement and limbo. Movements beyond the region include a mix of short-, medium- and long-term opportunities, including business travel, education, employment and refugee resettlement, but are generally difficult to access. Leveraging the potential of humanitarian and non-humanitarian pathways to expand options for mobility beyond the region, including chances to resettle, reunite with family, work and study, is critical to improving access to sustainable solutions while also easing the strain on major host countries.
description: TRAFIG Policy Brief No. 5
Local analysis of the sine-Gordon kink quantum fluctuations
Creators: name: Cavero-Peláez, In\e's
name: Guilarte, Juan Mateos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a local study of the Green's function and energy density for mesons fluctuating around the sine-Gordon kink background.
description: Sign correction in a term in eq.19 and removal of last two graphs. This version includes few more precise statements