cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surface states around a vortex in topological superconductors: Intersection of a surface and a vortex
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Nakamura, Hiroki
name: Machida, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically show that the zero-energy Majorana surface states are suppressed around a vortex in the three-dimensional topological superconductors such as Cu$_{x}$Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ and Sn$_{1-x}$In$_{x}$Te. On the other hand, the zero-energy Majorana bound states along the vortex line are robust against cut by the surface. The suppression of the surface bound states is similar to that with a magnetic impurity on the surface of the topological insulator. The suppression of the surface-bound states around a vortex can be observed as the unconventional energy dependence of imaging of the scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Plantago_protocol_V1.03_Sept_2017.pdf
Creators: name: PLANTPOPNET Steering Committee
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60207 Population Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60411 Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics
subject: 60308 Life Histories
subject: Ecology

description: This is the protocol for the PLANTPOPNET project. For more information see www.plantpopnet.com
The Effects of Flaxseed and Flaxseed Oil on the Gut-Brain Axis in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Male C57Bl/6 Mice
Creators: name: Livingston, Dawson
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gut-Brain Axis
Flaxseed
LPS
Microbiota
Systemic inflammation
Neuroinflammation

description: Individuals living with depression and anxiety show systemic increases of the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which induces an inflammatory cascade, resulting in negative effects across the gut-brain axis (GBA). LPS administration in mice has previously been used as a rodent model of depression/anxiety. Flaxseed (FS) contains key bioactives, including an omega-3 fatty-acid, dietary fibre, and a poly-phenolic compound which all may attenuate the effects of LPS through modulation of the GBA. The objectives of this thesis were to examine the effects of LPS on the GBA in C57Bl/6 mice and to determine if dietary supplementation with FS and/or FS oil (FO) provided protection against the LPS challenge. The LPS-induced negative effects across the GBA were partially attenuated by dietary supplementation with FS, but not FO, through changes in microbiota composition/function and systemic-/neuro-inflammation. Therefore, the potential benefits of FS are independent of the oil or are synergistic of all bioactives.
Exact Results in Discretized Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Matsuura, So
name: Misumi, Tatsuhiro
name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the localization technique to topologically twisted N=(2,2) supersymmetric gauge theory on a discretized Riemann surface (the generalized Sugino model). We exactly evaluate the partition function and the vacuum expectation value (vev) of a specific Q-closed operator. We show that both the partition function and the vev of the operator depend only on the Euler characteristic and the area of the discretized Riemann surface and are independent of the detail of the discretization. This localization technique may not only simplify numerical analysis of the supersymmetric lattice models but also connect the well-defined equivariant localization to the empirical supersymmetric localization.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure, references added, typos corrected
Molecular Markers of Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Parasites from Dschang, Cameroon
Creators: name: McCormick, Lauren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Malaria remains a key component of the infectious disease burden across much of the globe with a particularly significant impact in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although antimalarial drugs have been widely available since the 1960s, the proliferation of antimalarial resistance has long hindered control efforts in endemic areas. The study presented here sought to identify Plasmodium falciparum drug-resistance markers associated with treatment failure in patients presenting with febrile malaria in Dschang, Cameroon. In particular, this study focused on genotyping the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene using a multiplex amplicon-based sequencing protocol. Amplicons spanning pfcrt codons 72 to 76 were first generated by PCR, then libraries were prepared using the iTru protocol and subsequently sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequencing data were analyzed using SeekDeep and variants were called based on the 3D7 reference genome. The results obtained indicated that chloroquine resistance has continued to decline since the drug was withdrawn from Cameroon in 2002, although some resistance remains. Additionally, no evidence was found indicating pfCRT-associated resistance to amodiaquine, a key artemisinin partner drug used in the country. The change in chloroquine resistance over time indicated by this study, alongside the apparent durability of amodiaquine as an effective treatment for P. falciparum, highlights the importance of ongoing molecular surveillance in the region in order to inform future malaria treatment policy.
Relieving Mucus Flake Burden in Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Wilkins, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Dehydration of the mucus in the lung airway is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease. In CF, mucins—the key gel-forming polymeric component of mucus—are elevated in airway mucus. Roughly half of the mucins present in mucus are found in non-swelling gels termed “mucus flakes.” Elevated mucus flake density is an indicator of CF disease and airflow obstruction. However, little is known about the factors that instruct flake formation or whether flakes can be therapeutically dissolved. Progress in understanding flakes is limited by the complexities of collecting and analyzing samples from human subjects.	

We aim to identify the factors that promote mucus flake formation, allowing us to develop novel therapeutic approaches to dissolve them. A unique feature of our approach includes the de novo synthesis of mucus flakes from mucins isolated from human epithelial cells as a strategy to mimic flake structure and biochemical interactions. This strategy provides experimental tunability that will greatly enhance our understanding of flake formation and provide a platform to screen novel therapies to dissolve them. We tested the effects of various doses and combinations of a calcium chelator, reducing agent, surfactant, and known mucolytic as potential mucus flake dissolution agents. We found that the reducing agent, calcium chelator, surfactant, and cocktails of these reagents triggered significant flake swelling, resulting in increased water solubility, which may improve airway mucosal clearance. The calcium chelator and treatment cocktails also reduced flake number, which may reflect the dissolution of flakes, whereas the reducing agent and surfactant increased flake number and may demonstrate flake crumbling. This flake dissolution and crumbling may revert CF mucus to a healthy state.

This novel approach allows us to screen potential early treatments to delay the onset of lung disease in CF patients and to establish treatment effectiveness.
Wahrheit, Einheit und Gegenwart der Kirche
Creators: name: Buckenmaier, Achim
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5
Radiative generation of neutrino mixing: degenerate masses and threshold corrections
Creators: name: Hollik, Wolfgang Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Degenerate neutrino masses are excluded by experiment. The experimentally measured mass squared differences together with the yet undetermined absolute neutrino mass scale allow for a quasi-degenerate mass spectrum. For the lightest neutrino mass larger than roughly 0.1 eV, we analyse the influence of threshold corrections at the electroweak scale. We show that typical one-loop corrections can generate the observed neutrino mixing as well as the mass differences starting from exactly degenerate masses at the tree-level. Those threshold corrections have to be explicitly flavour violating. Flavour diagonal, non-universal corrections are not sufficient to simultaneously generate the correct mixing and the mass differences. We apply the new insights to an extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with non-minimal flavour violation in the soft breaking terms and discuss the low-energy threshold corrections to the light neutrino mass matrix in that model.
description: 25 pages; references added, minor corrections (typos) and Figs. 3, 4 changed; matches version accepted by PRD
Air de la bravade de Callian
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Impact of a Constitutive 16p11.2 Microdeletion on Tumor Progression, Angiogenesis, and Pro-Oncogenic Transcriptional Networks
Creators: name: Haebe, Joshua
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Colorectal Cancer
Tumour Microenvironment

description: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) rely heavily on host-derived structures to support tumour development and maintain growth. The tumour microenvironment (TME) includes contributions from underlying vascular endothelial cells to maintain nutrient and oxygen availability, as well as a delicate interplay with effector and suppressor immune cells to ensure effective immune evasion. Despite previous attempts to target these TME components through direct, individual therapeutic interventions targeting pro-angiogenic signaling and blocking immune suppression, in many cases the CRC TME remains supportive of tumour growth. Here, I have identified a loci-specific Autism Spectrum Disorder-linked 16p11.2 microdeletion, that demonstrates a negative impact on tumour growth. Initially, I show that a constitutive 16p11.2 deficiency (16p11.2df) alters tumour growth, although has no impact on tumourigenesis. Moreover, I demonstrate that a 16p11.2df in host- derived structures of the TME but not tumour cells is sufficient to slow tumour growth. Further, I demonstrate that vascular networks are altered in tumours derived from a 16p11.2df TME. While I present systemic alterations to the immunological landscape of 16p11.2df individuals at the transcriptional level, there is no detectable alteration in cytotoxic immune cell infiltration into 16p11.2df-derived tumours despite increased expression of T cell activating cytokines. In addition to altered growth characteristics, tumours derived from 16p11.2df mice show an enrichment in apoptosis of tumour cells, despite no change in proliferation. These findings suggest the potential for a 16p11.2df-mediated induction of tumour dormancy, through which volumetric tumour growth is slowed. Together, this study demonstrates the need for further investigation of the 16p11.2 microdeletion as a critical regulator of tumour growth.
Die ökumenische Bedeutung der Nachfolge Christi des Thomas von Kempen
Creators: name: Kasper, Walter
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5
Glandulariini
Creators: name: Jałoszyński, Paweł
name: Perkovsky, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae

description: Glandulariini genus & species indet. 1
(Figs 33, 217–220)
Material studied. Late Eocene of Europe, Rovno amber: sex unknown; inclusion in slightly irregular pyramid of amber 9.5 mm long (Fig. 33), collection number K-6274 (SIZK).
This specimen is very poorly visible inside particularly turbid piece of amber, and proper description is not possible. The beetle has BL about 1.73 mm; HL about 0.30 mm, HW about 0.30 mm, AnL about 0.34 mm; PL about 0.28 mm, EL about 0.55 mm.
Remarks. This specimen can only be assigned to the tribe (based on the structure of maxillary palps). It is exceptionally interesting because of a hypopus (phoretic deutonymph) of a mite belonging most likely to the family Acaridae attached to the clavate portion of the left profemur (Figs 219–220). The first author frequently finds hypopi of astigmatid (acarid and histiostomatid) mites attached to various body parts of extant species of Scydmaeninae, especially those associated with habitats rich in decaying plant debris, although this association remains unrecorded in literature. For the first time we demonstrate that astigmatid mites have been using Scydmaeninae (of which many are known as predators of acaridid, oribatid and/or uropodine mites, see Jałoszyński (2012d), Jałoszyński & Olszanowski (2013, 2015, 2016) as means of dispersal at least since Lower Eocene.
description: Published as part of Jałoszyński, Paweł & Perkovsky, Evgeny, 2016, Diversity of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Upper Eocene Rovno amber, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 4157 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4157.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/262413
On the Robin eigenvalues of the Laplacian in the exterior of a convex polygon
Creators: name: Pankrashkin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be the exterior of a convex polygon whose side lengths are $\ell_1,...,\ell_M$. For $α>0$, let $H^Ω_α$ denote the Laplacian in $Ω$, $u\mapsto -Δu$, with the Robin boundary conditions $\partial u/\partialν=αu$, where $ν$ is the exterior unit normal at the boundary of $Ω$. We show that, for any fixed $m\in\mathbb{N}$, the $m$th eigenvalue $E^Ω_m(α)$ of $H^Ω_α$ behaves as \[ E^Ω_m(α)=-α^2+μ^D_m +\mathcal{O}\Big(\dfrac{1}{\sqrtα}\Big) \quad {as $α$ tends to $+\infty$}, \] where $μ^D_m$ stands for the $m$th eigenvalue of the operator $D_1\oplus...\oplus D_M$ and $D_n$ denotes the one-dimensional Laplacian $f\mapsto -f"$ on $(0,\ell_n)$ with the Dirichlet boundary conditions.
description: 10 pages. To appear in Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics. Minor revision: misprints corrected, references updated
Pathways for adopting Outstanding Open Science Communication addressed to Scientists, Journalists, Teachers, Policy Makers and Entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Karinna Matozinhos
name: Magalhães, Joana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In ENJOI we designed and delivered two rounds of Engagement Workshops (EWs) and Labs that involved specific targets such as scientists, journalists, communicators, activists, teachers, policymakers and various other representatives of civil society. More than 100 participants around Belgium, Italy, Portugal and Spain discussed and co-created a set of Standards, Principles and Indicators (SPIs) to improve the quality of science communication and journalism. Based on different interactions, we developed pathways that help and guide different groups to improve their science communication goals, spread their message, reach and interact with their audience through different tools. This deliverable aims to promote the adoption of outstanding open science communication practices and encourage collaboration amongst the different stakeholders involved in promoting open science research and practice.
Die Heiligkeit der Kirche im Verständnis der Ostkirchen
Creators: name: Spētērēs, Iōannēs
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5
Search for a CP-odd Higgs boson decaying to $Zh$ in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a heavy, CP-odd Higgs boson, $A$, decaying into a $Z$ boson and a 125 GeV Higgs boson, $h$, with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The search uses proton--proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb$^{-1}$. Decays of CP-even $h$ bosons to $ττ$ or $bb$ pairs with the $Z$ boson decaying to electron or muon pairs are considered, as well as $h \rightarrow bb$ decays with the $Z$ boson decaying to neutrinos. No evidence for the production of an $A$ boson in these channels is found and the 95% confidence level upper limits derived for $σ(gg\rightarrow A) \times \mbox{BR}(A \rightarrow Zh) \times \mbox{BR}(h \rightarrow f\bar{f})$ are 0.098--0.013 pb for $f=τ$ and 0.57--0.014 pb for $f=b$ in a range of $m_A =$ 220--1000 GeV. The results are combined and interpreted in the context of two-Higgs doublet models.
description: 13 pages plus author list + cover pages (30 pages total), 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Phys. Lett. B, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-06/
Berufen zur Heiligkeit in der communio sanctorum
Creators: name: Schlosser, Marianne
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5
Associations between long-term fine particulate matter exposure and hospital procedures in heart failure patients
Creators: name: Catalano, Samantha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Airborne particulate matter smaller than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Changes in observed hospital procedures may indicate worsening health and drive healthcare costs. However, there are few studies which quantify PM2.5 impacts through the lens of hospital procedures. We examined associations between annual average PM2.5 and hospital procedures observed among heart failure (HF) patients after HF diagnosis. Daily average PM2.5 was estimated at 1x1 km resolution, and the 365 days leading up to the HF diagnosis were averaged to estimate annual average PM2.5 exposure. The final study cohort was composed of 15,979 HF patients who had at least one procedure of 56 selected procedures performed at the University of North Carolina Healthcare System from 2004-2016 with an average follow-up time of 2.94 years. We used quasi-Poisson models to model the percent change in the number of observed procedures over the follow-up time while adjusting for age at HF diagnosis, race, sex, year of visit, short-term PM2.5 exposure, and socioeconomic status. We examined 56 hospital procedures and observed significant (p < 0.05/56) associations between annual average PM2.5 exposure and 15 hospital procedures. We observed increases in procedures such as two-view chest x-rays (6.99% change; 95% confidence interval = 5.47%, 8.54%) and echocardiograms (5.71% change; 95% confidence interval = 3.29%, 8.19%). Decreases were observed in stress test related procedures such as stress imaging tests involving regadenoson injections (-12.46% change; 95% confidence interval = -18.02%, -6.51%) and Technetium sestamibi radiological imaging, which is used in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in conjunction with exercise stress tests (-13.47% change; 95% confidence interval = -18.90%, -7.68%). These results indicate that long-term PM2.5 exposure is associated with significant changes in hospital procedures in HF patients. Overall, these associations give a unique lens into patient morbidity and hospital system operations and healthcare costs linked to PM2.5 exposure.
Transcriptomics pave the way into mechanisms of cobalt and nickel toxicity: Nrf2-mediated cellular responses in liver carcinoma cells
Creators: name: Thiel, Alicia
name: Drews, Franziska
name: Pirritano, Marcello
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Michaelis, Vivien
name: Franzenburg, Sören
name: Schwarz, Maria
name: Schwerdtle, Tanja
name: Michalke, Bernhard
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cobalt
subject: Nickel
subject: Metal interactions
subject: Transcriptomic analysis
subject: Nrf2 signaling
subject: Sphingolipid metabolism
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cobalt (Co) and Nickel (Ni) are used nowadays in various industrial applications like lithium-ion batteries, raising concerns about their environmental release and public health threats. Both metals are potentially carcinogenic and may cause neurological and cardiovascular dysfunctions, though underlying toxicity mechanisms have to be further elucidated. This study employs untargeted transcriptomics to analyze downstream cellular effects of individual and combined Co and Ni toxicity in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). The results reveal a synergistic effect of Co and Ni, leading to significantly higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to individual exposure. There was a clear enrichment of Nrf2 regulated genes linked to pathways such as glycolysis, iron and glutathione metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism, confirmed by targeted analysis. Co and Ni exposure alone and combined caused nuclear Nrf2 translocation, while only combined exposure significantly affects iron and glutathione metabolism, evidenced by upregulation of HMOX-1 and iron storage protein FTL. Both metals impact sphingolipid metabolism, increasing dihydroceramide levels and decreasing ceramides, sphingosine and lactosylceramides, along with diacylglycerol accumulation. By combining transcriptomics and analytical methods, this study provides valuable insights into molecular mechanisms of Co and Ni toxicity, paving the way for further understanding of metal stress.
Tunneling dynamics of bosonic Josephson junctions assisted by a cavity field
Creators: name: Szirmai, G.
name: Mazzarella, G.
name: Salasnich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential and that of an optical cavity mode. The cavity field is superimposed to the double-well potential and affects the atomic tunneling processes. The cavity field is driven by a laser red detuned from the bare cavity resonance; the dynamically changing spatial distribution of the atoms can shift the cavity in and out of resonance. At resonance the photon number is hugely enhanced and the atomic tunneling becomes amplified. The Josephson junction equations are revisited and the phase diagram is calculated. We find new solutions with finite imbalance and at the same time a lack of self-trapping solutions due to the emergence of a new separatrix resulting from enhanced tunneling.
Forming resonant situations: engaging the interval in performance and installation practices
Creators: name: WOODS, BENJAMIN JAMES
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Fine arts

description: 'Forming resonant situations' explores forces and conceptualisations underpinning sculptural forming practices through performance and installation. To rethink a conventional habit of privileging form over matter, my research develops processes of forming, framed through the operations of the interval, that produce resonant situations between the forces revealed by my practice. Through a careful exploration of moments where form is imposed on material and bodily dynamism, this research develops an adaptable ecology of practices—comprising touch, breath and listening—which makes possible patterns of sensing and comprehending differences in habits of response and cognition revealed by the production of resonant situations
"Seid heilig, denn ich, der Herr, euer Gott, bin heilig"
Creators: name: Vaz, Armindo Dos Santos
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5
Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptome reveal adrenal homeostasis in normal and tumoural adrenal glands
Creators: name: Altieri, Barbara
name: Secener, A. Kerim
name: Sai, Somesh
name: Fischer, Cornelius
name: Sbiera, Silviu
name: Arampatzi, Panagiota
name: Kircher, Stefan
name: Herterich, Sabine
name: Landwehr, Laura-Sophie
name: Vitcetz, Sarah N.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: adenoma
subject: adrenal homeostasis
subject: adrenocortical tumour
subject: cortisol secretion
subject: CTNNB1
subject: heterogeneity
subject: microenvironment
subject: spatial transcriptome
subject: tumorigenesis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The human adrenal gland is a complex endocrine tissue. Studies on adrenal renewal have been limited to animal models or human foetuses. Enhancing our understanding of adult human adrenal homeostasis is crucial for gaining insights into the pathogenesis of adrenal diseases, such as adrenocortical tumours. Here, we present a comprehensive cellular genomics analysis of the adult human normal adrenal gland, combining single-nuclei RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome data to reconstruct adrenal gland homeostasis. As expected, we identified primary cells of the various zones of the adrenal cortex and medulla, but we also uncovered additional cell types. They constitute the adrenal microenvironment, including immune cells, mostly composed of a large population of M2 macrophages, and new cell populations, including different subpopulations of vascular-endothelial cells and cortical-neuroendocrine cells. Utilizing spatial transcriptome and pseudotime trajectory analysis, we support evidence of the centripetal dynamics of adrenocortical cell maintenance and the essential role played by Wnt/β-catenin, sonic hedgehog, and fibroblast growth factor pathways in the adult adrenocortical homeostasis. Furthermore, we compared single-nuclei transcriptional profiles obtained from six healthy adrenal glands and twelve adrenocortical adenomas. This analysis unveiled a notable heterogeneity in cell populations within the adenoma samples. In addition, we identified six distinct adenoma-specific clusters, each with varying distributions based on steroid profiles and tumour mutational status. Overall, our results provide novel insights into adrenal homeostasis and molecular mechanisms potentially underlying early adrenocortical tumorigenesis and/or autonomous steroid secretion. Our cell atlas represents a powerful resource to investigate other adrenal-related pathologies.
Determining Structure-Activity Relationships through Synthesis and Assessment of Kappa Opioid Receptor Analogs for the Development of Potent, Biased Opioid Analgesics
Creators: name: Glaudin, Alexis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Opioids, though commonly used for pain relief, cause harmful symptoms such as respiratory depression, constipation, and physical dependence. This occurs because the mu opioid receptor can recruit βarrestins—leading to the adverse symptoms mentioned previously—while also signaling via the G protein pathway, which is responsible for analgesia. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) produces analgesia through G protein signaling, but leads to dysphoria and sedation upon βarrestin recruitment. Designing a biased ligand at the KOR that will signal primarily through the G protein pathway could lead to safer analgesic therapeutics. In past years, a new KOR agonist series modeled after lead compound ML 139 has been discovered. Data from previous structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies have determined distinct functional components of bisamide analogs that increase the relative potency of the scaffold.  This project focuses on further modifications to identify structural features that may favor signaling through the G protein pathway.  The results of these SAR studies are used to synthesize hybrid bisamide KOR agonists containing the most potent moieties. Additionally, another analog library, termed “fraggles,” with potential to yield KOR agonists with noteworthy potency and G protein bias is proposed.
In vivo immunomodulation of IL6 signaling in a murine multiple trauma model
Creators: name: Malysch, Tom
name: Reinhold, Jens Michael
name: Becker, Christopher A.
name: Schmidt-Bleek, Katharina
name: Kleber, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Polytrauma
subject: IL6
subject: sIL6-R
subject: Trans-signaling
subject: Immunomodulation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: A significant number of trauma patients die during the ICU phase of care because of a severe immune response. Interleukin-6 (IL6) plays a central role within that immune response, signaling through a membrane-bound (IL6-R) and a soluble IL6 receptor (sIL6-R). IL6 and the sIL6-R can form an agonistic IL6/sIL6-R-complex, activating numerous cells that are usually not IL6 responsive, a process called trans-signaling. We attempted to demonstrate that modulation of the IL6 signaling (classic signaling and trans-signaling) can attenuate the devastating immune response after trauma in a murine multiple trauma model. Mice were allocated to three study arms: sham, fracture or polytrauma. Half of the animals had the application of an IL6-R antibody following an intervention. After a pre-set time, blood samples were analysed for IL6 and sIL6-R serum levels, organs were analysed for neutrophil infiltration and end organ damage was evaluated. IL6 and sIL6-R showed a rapid peak after fracture, and much more markedly after polytrauma. These parameters were reduced significantly by globally blocking IL6 signaling via IL6-R antibody (Mab) application. Shock organ analysis also illustrated significant neutrophil infiltration following polytrauma, which was also abated via IL6-R Mab application. Furthermore, end organ damage was reduced by IL6-R Mab application. The study results prove the regulatory role of IL6 signaling pathways in polytrauma, with haemorrhagic shock being a major trigger of inflammatory response. Modulation of IL6 signaling shows promise in the prevention of adverse events like organ failure following major trauma and might be a target for in vivo immunomodulation to reduce mortality in severely injured patients, but further evaluation regarding classic IL6 signaling and IL6 trans-signaling is needed.
Specific supersimple properties of $e^-e^+\to γH$ at high energy
Creators: name: Gounaris, G. J.
name: Renard, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process $e^-e^+\to γH$, where $H$ represents $H_{SM}$, $h^0$ or $H^0$, which occurs at the one loop level in the standard model (SM) or in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We establish supersimple (sim) high energy expressions for all helicity amplitudes of this process, and we identify their level of accuracy for describing the various polarized and unpolarized observables, and for distinguishing SM from MSSM or another beyond the standard model (BSM). We pay a special attention to transverse electron-positron polarizations and azimuthal dependencies induced by the imaginary parts of the amplitudes, which are relatively important in this process.
description: 33 pages, 66 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
MprF-mediated immune evasion is necessary for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum resilience in the Drosophila gut during inflammation
Creators: name: Arias-Rojas, Aranzazu
name: Arifah, Adini Q.
name: Angelidou, Georgia
name: Alshaar, Belal
name: Schombel, Ursula
name: Forest, Emma
name: Frahm, Dagmar
name: Brinkmann, Volker
name: Paczia, Nicole
name: Beisel, Chase L.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Escherichia coli
subject: Staphylococcus aureus
subject: Drosophila melanogaster
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Multiple peptide resistance factor (MprF) confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in several pathogens, thereby enabling evasion of the host immune response. The role of MprF in commensals remains, however, uncharacterized. To close this knowledge gap, we used a common gut commensal of animals, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and its natural host, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, as an experimental model to investigate the role of MprF in commensal-host interactions. The L. plantarum ΔmprF mutant that we generated exhibited deficiency in the synthesis of lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (Lys-PG), resulting in increased negative cell surface charge and increased susceptibility to AMPs. Susceptibility to AMPs had no effect on ΔmprF mutant’s ability to colonize guts of uninfected flies. However, we observed significantly reduced abundance of the ΔmprF mutant after infection-induced inflammation in the guts of wild-type flies but not of flies lacking AMPs. Additionally, we found that the ΔmprF mutant compared to wild-type L. plantarum induces a stronger intestinal immune response in flies due to the increased release of immunostimulatory peptidoglycan fragments, indicating an important role of MprF in promoting host tolerance to commensals. Our further analysis suggests that MprF-mediated lipoteichoic acid modifications are involved in host immunomodulation. Overall, our results demonstrate that MprF, besides its well-characterized role in pathogen immune evasion and virulence, is also an important commensal resilience factor.
Topics in Low-Energy QCD with Strange Quarks
Creators: name: Weise, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments and pending issues in low-energy strong interaction physics with strangeness are summarized. Chiral SU(3) effective field theory has progressed as the appropriate theoretical framework applied to antikaon- and hyperon-nuclear systems. Topics include antikaon-nucleon interactions and the Lambda(1405), KbarNN systems, recent developments in hyperon-nucleon interactions and strangeness in dense baryonic matter with emphasis on new constraints from neutron star observations.
description: Proceedings EXA2014 Vienna
title: NEW APPROACHES FOR SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT AND RENOVATION OF ADRIATIC AND IONIAN HISTORIC URBAN CENTRES. ADRISEISMIC in a nutshell
Creators: name: Santangelo, Angela
name: Predari, Giorgia
name: Marzani, Giulia
name: Stefanini, Lorenzo
name: Tondelli, Simona
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Architettura dell’Università di Bologna
Year: 2023

description: The ADRION area is heavily subject to natural hazards, and it is the highest risk earthquake area in Europe. The high vulnerability is due not only to the power of earthquakes, but also to the high population density and to the important value of the Cultural and Natural Heritage, confirmed by a large number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and UNESCO Geoparks. Each involved Adriatic-Ionian Region has developed laws and norms, methods and techniques as well as expertise for tackling earthquake risks and for reducing seismic vulnerability of the built environment, in particular historical heritage buildings and public squares. Nevertheless, seismic vulnerability of urban areas and particularly historical centres remains at high level. Cooperating in environmental risk prevention, management of emergencies, reconstruction and seismic retrofitting of damaged buildings can produce significant improvements in facing seismic vulnerability reduction in urban ADRION areas. ADRISEISMIC overall project objective is to exchange and systematize knowledge and practices in tackling the reduction of the seismic vulnerability of the built environment in the six project partners’ countries (Albania, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Serbia and Slovenia), to harmonize planning and management of emergencies after seismic events and the post-earthquake phase, by providing ready-to-use methods, tools and procedures that will be integrated into the existing policies and practices, thus strengthening local responses and reducing vulnerability to natural hazards. The main focus areas are the historical urban centres and historical squares and their surrounding buildings, conceived as symbol of local identity and socio-economic cores for the ADRION settlements. The aim of this e-book is twofold: on the one hand, describing in detail the learning process developed within ADRISEISMIC project to stimulate the exchange of experience mainly at interregional and local levels. On the other hand, to present the main project outputs and results, which consist of the expeditious assessment methodology; 2 regional and 2 local Action Plans, developed respectively for region of Crete in Greece and region of Bačka in Serbia, and the city of Gjirokaster in Albania and the city of Kaštela in Croatia; and the Moodle Platform, conceived as a key tool for setting a new cooperation network while improving skills and expertise concerning seismic vulnerability reduction. The ADRISEISMIC e-book can be a useful reference for those who are interested in establishing an exchange of experience process among peers that are dealing with the same topics and co-designing tailored solutions at regional and local level with the active involvement of the local stakeholders.
Thermoelectric power of bulk black-phosphorus
Creators: name: Flores, Eduardo
name: Ares, Jose R.
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
name: Barawi, Mariam
name: Ferrer, Isabel J.
name: Sánchez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential of bulk black-phosphorus for thermoelectric applications has been experimentally studied. The Seebeck Coefficient (S) has been measured in the temperature range from 300 K to 385 K, finding a value of S = +335 +- 10 uV/K at room temperature (indicating a naturally occurring p-type conductivity). S increases with temperature, as expected for p-type semiconductors, which can be attributed to an increase of the charge carrier density. The electrical resistance drops up to a 40 % while heating in the studied temperature range. As a consequence, the power factor at 385 K is 2.7 times higher than that at room temperature. This work demonstrates the feasibility of black-phosphorus in thermoelectric applications, such as thermal energy scavenging, which typically require devices with high performance at temperatures above room temperature.
description: 3 figures
Monkeypox in-patients with severe anal pain
Creators: name: Pfäfflin, Frieder
name: Wendisch, Daniel
name: Scherer, Roland
name: Jürgens, Linda
name: Godzick-Njomgang, Gisèle
name: Tranter, Eva
name: Tober-Lau, Pinkus
name: Stegemann, Miriam Songa
name: Corman, Victor Max
name: Kurth, Florian
name: Schürmann, Dirk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Monkeypox
subject: MPX
subject: MPXV
subject: Germany
subject: MSM
subject: HIV
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Berlin is amongst the cities most affected by the current monkeypox outbreak. Here, we report clinical characteristics of the first patients with confirmed monkeypox admitted to our center. We analyzed anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data. Within a period of 2 weeks, six patients were hospitalized in our unit. All were MSM and had practiced condomless receptive anal intercourse in the weeks preceding admission. The chief complaint in all patients but one was severe anal pain unprecedented in severity. Investigations revealed proctitis, as well as anal and rectal ulcers with detection of monkeypox virus. Our findings support the hypothesis that sexual transmission plays a role in the current outbreak.
[Rezension von: Roth, Patrick, 1953-, Sunrise]
Creators: name: Roth, Patrick
name: Gerl-Falkovitz, Hanna-Barbara
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 4 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 4
TURIZM TЕRMINLARIDA PARTONIMIK (BUTUN-BO'LAK) MUNOSABATLARI
Creators: name: Isroiljon qizi, Gavharoy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada turizm terminlarining partonimik (butun-bo'lak) munosabatlari  haqida ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari yozilgan. Turizm terminlarining paradgmatik shakllanishidagi ilmiy qarashlar tahlil qilingan va misollar bilan dalillangan. Terminologik tizim uchun an'anaviy yo'nalishda u qaysi til terminologiyalarining shakllanishini, birinchi navbatda, tirik tilining zamonaviy terminologik massivlarini tuzishda ba'zi tarixiy jarayonlarning rolini ahamiyatli ekanligini alohida ta'kidlagan.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Chronic Stress Using Targeted Oxford Nanopore Sequencing
Creators: name: Oxendine, Jake
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Stress impacts us on a molecular level by altering our DNA methylation patterns. Uncovering these changes methylation is vital to understanding molecular mechanisms that underlie stress-related diseases and conditions. Our goal was to evaluate Oxford Nanopore sequencing with CRISPR-Cas9 enrichment as a way to examine DNA methylation landscapes across stress-responsive genes. We enhanced the wet lab protocols from Gilpatrick et al. by using additional probes during digestion and wide bore tips during extraction. We improved the sequencing depth to generate the number of reads necessary for highly accurate DNA methylation calls. After analyzing the reads, we were able to accurately capture the underlying epigenetic landscape such as hypomethylated regions at CpG islands, and predicted changes between young and old cells. In addition, by visualizing DNA methylation levels with heat maps, we uncovered co-regulated methylation regions spanning long stretches of the GILZ gene. This technique may soon enable us to determine differential methylation due to chronic stress and to uncover the molecular mechanisms of stress-related diseases.
An ensemble Multi-Agent System for non-linear classification
Creators: name: Fourez, Thibault
name: Verstaevel, Nicolas
name: Migeon, Frédéric
name: Schettini, Frédéric
name: Amblard, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems (AMAS) transform machine learning problems into problems of local cooperation between agents. We present smapy, an ensemble based AMAS implementation for mobility prediction, whose agents are provided with machine learning models in addition to their cooperation rules. With a detailed methodology, we show that it is possible to use linear models for nonlinear classification on a benchmark transport mode detection dataset, if they are integrated in a cooperative multi-agent structure. The results obtained show a significant improvement of the performance of linear models in non-linear contexts thanks to the multi-agent approach.
Exclusive production of heavy charged Higgs boson pairs in the $p p \to p p H^+ H^-$ reaction at the LHC and a future circular collider
Creators: name: Lebiedowicz, Piotr
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate differential cross sections for exclusive production of heavy charged scalar, weakly interacting particles (charged Higgs bosons, charged technipions, etc.) via photon-photon exchanges in the $p p \to p p H^+ H^-$ reaction with exact $2 \to 4$ kinematics. We present distributions in rapidities, transverse momenta, and correlations in azimuthal angles between the protons and between the charged Higgs bosons. As an example, the integrated cross section for $\sqrt{s}$ = 14~TeV (LHC) is about 0.1~fb and about 0.9~fb at the Future Circular Collider (FCC) for $\sqrt{s}$ = 100~TeV when assuming $m_{H^{\pm}} = 150$~GeV. The results are compared with results obtained within standard equivalent-photon approximation known from the literature. We discuss the role of the Dirac and Pauli electromagnetic form factors of the proton. We have also performed first calculations of cross sections for the exclusive diffractive Khoze-Martin-Ryskin mechanism. We have estimated limits on the $g_{h H^+ H^-}$ coupling constant within two-Higgs dublet model based on recent experimental data from the LHC. The diffractive contribution is, however, much smaller than the $γγ$ one. The $Z γ$, $γZ$, and $ZZ$ exchanges give even smaller contributions. Absorption corrections are calculated for the first time differentially for various distributions. In general, they lead to a damping of the cross section. The damping depends on the $M_{H^{+}H^{-}}$ invariant mass and on $t$ four-momentum transfers squared. In contrast to diffractive processes, the larger the collision energy, the smaller the effect of absorption. We discuss a possibility to measure the exclusive production of two charged Higgs bosons with the help of so-called "forward proton detectors" at the LHC experiments.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, extended version including diffractive QCD mechanism, in print in Phys. Rev. D
Sparse Signal Processing Concepts for Efficient 5G System Design
Creators: name: Wunder, Gerhard
name: Boche, Holger
name: Strohmer, Thomas
name: Jung, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As it becomes increasingly apparent that 4G will not be able to meet the emerging demands of future mobile communication systems, the question what could make up a 5G system, what are the crucial challenges and what are the key drivers is part of intensive, ongoing discussions. Partly due to the advent of compressive sensing, methods that can optimally exploit sparsity in signals have received tremendous attention in recent years. In this paper we will describe a variety of scenarios in which signal sparsity arises naturally in 5G wireless systems. Signal sparsity and the associated rich collection of tools and algorithms will thus be a viable source for innovation in 5G wireless system design. We will discribe applications of this sparse signal processing paradigm in MIMO random access, cloud radio access networks, compressive channel-source network coding, and embedded security. We will also emphasize important open problem that may arise in 5G system design, for which sparsity will potentially play a key role in their solution.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Access