cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A switch convergence for a small perturbation of a linear recurrence equation
Creators: name: Barrera, Gerardo
name: Liu, Shuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 39A06, 39A50, 37H10

description: In this article we study a small random perturbation of a linear recurrence equation. If all the roots of its corresponding characteristic equation have modulus strictly less than one, the random linear recurrence goes exponentially fast to its limiting distribution in the total variation distance as time increases. By assuming that all the roots of its corresponding characteristic equation have modulus strictly less than one and some suitable conditions, we prove that this convergence happens as a switch-type, i.e., there is a sharp transition in the convergence to its limiting distribution. This fact is known as a cut-off phenomenon in the context of stochastic processes.
description: 19 pages. Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics 2020+
An Approach and Benchmark to Detect Behavioral Changes of Commits in Continuous Integration
Creators: name: Danglot, Benjamin
name: Monperrus, Martin
name: Rudametkin, Walter
name: Baudry, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When a developer pushes a change to an application's codebase, a good practice is to have a test case specifying this behavioral change. Thanks to continuous integration (CI), the test is run on subsequent commits to check that they do no introduce a regression for that behavior. In this paper, we propose an approach that detects behavioral changes in commits. As input, it takes a program, its test suite, and a commit. Its output is a set of test methods that capture the behavioral difference between the pre-commit and post-commit versions of the program. We call our approach DCI (Detecting behavioral changes in CI). It works by generating variations of the existing test cases through (i) assertion amplification and (ii) a search-based exploration of the input space. We evaluate our approach on a curated set of 60 commits from 6 open source Java projects. To our knowledge, this is the first ever curated dataset of real-world behavioral changes. Our evaluation shows that DCI is able to generate test methods that detect behavioral changes. Our approach is fully automated and can be integrated into current development processes. The main limitations are that it targets unit tests and works on a relatively small fraction of commits. More specifically, DCI works on commits that have a unit test that already executes the modified code. In practice, from our benchmark projects, we found 15.29% of commits to meet the conditions required by DCI.
Contribution to the modeling of solar spicules
Creators: name: Tavabi, E.
name: Koutchmy, S.
name: Ajabshirizadeh, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar limb and disc spicule quasi- periodic motions have been reported for a long time, strongly suggesting that they are oscillating. In order to clear up the origin and possibly explain some solar limb and disc spicule quasi-periodic recurrences produced by overlapping effects, we present a simulation model assuming quasi- random positions of spicules. We also allow a set number of spicules with different physical properties (such as: height, lifetime and tilt angle as shown by an individual spicule) occurring randomly. Results of simulations made with three different spatial resolutions of the corresponding frames and also for different number density of spicules, are analyzed. The wavelet time/frequency method is used to obtain the exact period of spicule visibility. Results are compared with observations of the chromosphere from i/ the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) filtergrams taken at 1600 angstrom, ii/ the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) of Hinode taken in the Ca II H-line and iii/ the Sac-Peak Dunn's VTT taken in Hα line. Our results suggest the need to be cautious when interpreting apparent oscillations seen in spicule image sequences when overlapping is present, i.e.; when the spatial resolution is not enough to resolve individual components of spicules.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Cut-off phenomenon for Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes driven by Lévy processes
Creators: name: Barrera, Gerardo
name: Pardo, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G51, 60G60, 60G10, 60E07, 37A25

description: In this paper, we study the cut-off phenomenon under the total variation distance of $d$-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes which are driven by Lévy processes. That is to say, under the total variation distance, there is an abrupt convergence of the aforementioned process to its equilibrium, i.e. limiting distribution. Despite that the limiting distribution is not explicit, its distributional properties allow us to deduce that a profile function always exists in the reversible cases and it may exist in the non-reversible cases under suitable conditions on the limiting distribution. The cut-off phenomena for the average and superposition processes are also determined.
description: 34 pages. Electronic Journal of Probability 2020
Using SARIMAX to forecast electricity demand and consumption in university buildings
Creators: name: Shadkam, Arash
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Forecasting electricity demand and consumption is critical to the optimal and cost-effective operation of buildings. Time-series forecasting methods identify and learn patterns with data sets and then use these patterns to predict future values. However, the traditional methods tend to fall short in working with seasonal data and external variables. As a result, many time-series forecasting methods are not applicable to electricity consumption data. This type of data is seasonal and highly affected by external factors such as outside air temperature or humidity. Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Averages with eXogenous regressors (SARIMAX) is a class of time-series forecasting models that explicitly deals with seasonality in data and external variables. This research used SARIMAX to predict daily average electricity consumption and daily peak demand in two university buildings. Electricity consumption data from 2017 to 2019 were split into training and test sets. The data from 2017 and 2018 were used as the training set, while values from 2019 were used as the test set. Daily average temperature and humidity were used as external variables. A grid search was conducted to find the best model for each building. Next, the residuals of the models were checked to see whether they satisfied the modelling assumptions. Afterwards, the models were used to predict values in 2019. The performance of the models was calculated using 2019 as test data. The method was able to successfully use temperature and humidity as external variables and identify weekly patterns. The degree of forecast accuracy was different between the two buildings. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of predicted values in 2019 was 4.1% in the first building and 12.8% in the second building. The models can be used to make informed decisions about the renovation or recommissioning activities in the building, detect abnormalities in consumption trends, and quantify energy and cost-saving measures. They can also be used to identify and quantify the effects of sudden changes or disruptions in the system or the way occupants behave.
Accurate Predictions for the Scale-Dependent Galaxy Bias from Primordial Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Desjacques, Vincent
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale clustering of galaxies can serve as a probe of primordial non-Gaussianity in the Universe competitive with the anisotropies of the CMB. Here, we present improved theoretical predictions which include an important, previously overlooked correction to the bias. We demonstrate that the new predictions are able to reproduce the results of N-body simulations, explaining the significant departures seen from previous theoretical results. These refined predictions open the way to accurate constraints on primordial physics with large-scale structure surveys.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (v2): in press in PRD
On the origin of the Type~{\sc ii} spicules - dynamic 3D MHD simulations
Creators: name: Martínez-Sykora, Juan
name: Hansteen, Viggo
name: Moreno-Insertis, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: have forced the definition of a new type of spicule, "type II's", that are characterized by rising rapidly, having short lives, and by fading away at the end of their lifetimes. Here, we report on features found in realistic 3D simulations of the outer solar atmosphere that resemble the observed type II spicules. These features evolve naturally from the simulations as a consequence of the magnetohydrodynamical evolution of the model atmosphere. The simulations span from the upper layer of the convection zone to the lower corona and include the emergence of horizontal magnetic flux. The state-of-art Oslo Staggered Code (OSC) is used to solve the full MHD equations with non-grey and non-LTE radiative transfer and thermal conduction along the magnetic field lines. We describe in detail the physics involved in a process which we consider a possible candidate as a driver mechanism to produce type II spicules. The modeled spicule is composed of material rapidly ejected from the chromosphere that rises into the corona while being heated. Its source lies in a region with large field gradients and intense electric currents, which lead to a strong Lorentz force that squeezes the chromospheric material, resulting in a vertical pressure gradient that propels the spicule along the magnetic field, as well as Joule heating, which heats the the jet material, forcing it to fade.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, Accepted in ApJ
Cut-off phenomenon for the maximum of a sampling of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes
Creators: name: Barrera, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 60G52, 60G70, 62E20

description: In this article we study the so-called cut-off phenomenon in the total variation distance when $n\to \infty$ for the family of continuous-time stochastic processes indexed by $n\in \mathbb{N}$, \[ \left( \mathcal{Z}^{(n)}_t= \max\limits_{j\in \{1,\ldots,n\}}{X^{(j)}_t}:t\geq 0\right), \] where $X^{(1)},\ldots,X^{(n)}$ is a sampling of $n$ ergodic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes driven by stable processes of index $α$. It is not hard to see that for each $n\in \mathbb{N}$, $\mathcal{Z}^{(n)}_t$ converges in the total variation distance to a limiting distribution $\mathcal{Z}^{(n)}_\infty$ as $t$ goes by. Using the asymptotic theory of extremes; in the Gaussian case we prove that the total variation distance between the distribution of $\mathcal{Z}^{(n)}_t$ and its limiting distribution $\mathcal{Z}^{(n)}_\infty$ converges to a universal function in a constant time window around the cut-off time, a fact known as profile cut-off in the context of stochastic processes. On the other hand, in the heavy-tailed case we prove that there is not cut-off.
description: 12 pages
How Common are the Magellanic Clouds?
Creators: name: Liu, Lulu
name: Gerke, Brian F.
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
name: Behroozi, Peter S.
name: Busha, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a probabilistic approach to the problem of counting dwarf satellites around host galaxies in databases with limited redshift information. This technique is used to investigate the occurrence of satellites with luminosities similar to the Magellanic Clouds around hosts with properties similar to the Milky Way in the object catalog of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our analysis uses data from SDSS Data Release 7, selecting candidate Milky-Way-like hosts from the spectroscopic catalog and candidate analogs of the Magellanic Clouds from the photometric catalog. Our principal result is the probability for a Milky-Way-like galaxy to host N_{sat} close satellites with luminosities similar to the Magellanic Clouds. We find that 81 percent of galaxies like the Milky Way are have no such satellites within a radius of 150 kpc, 11 percent have one, and only 3.5 percent of hosts have two. The probabilities are robust to changes in host and satellite selection criteria, background-estimation technique, and survey depth. These results demonstrate that the Milky Way has significantly more satellites than a typical galaxy of its luminosity; this fact is useful for understanding the larger cosmological context of our home galaxy.
description: Updated to match published version. Added reference
Weak limits for exploratory plots in the analysis of extremes
Creators: name: Das, Bikramjit
name: Ghosh, Souvik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Exploratory data analysis is often used to test the goodness-of-fit of sample observations to specific target distributions. A few such graphical tools have been extensively used to detect subexponential or heavy-tailed behavior in observed data. In this paper we discuss asymptotic limit behavior of two such plotting tools: the quantile-quantile plot and the mean excess plot. The weak consistency of these plots to fixed limit sets in an appropriate topology of $\mathbb{R}^2$ has been shown in Das and Resnick (Stoch. Models 24 (2008) 103-132) and Ghosh and Resnick (Stochastic Process. Appl. 120 (2010) 1492-1517). In this paper we find asymptotic distributional limits for these plots when the underlying distributions have regularly varying right-tails. As an application we construct confidence bounds around the plots which enable us to statistically test whether the underlying distribution is heavy-tailed or not.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/11-BEJ401 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
The J-triplet Cooper pairing with magnetic dipolar interactions
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Wu, Congjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, cold atomic Fermi gases with the large magnetic dipolar interaction have been laser cooled down to quantum degeneracy. Different from electric-dipoles which are classic vectors, atomic magnetic dipoles are quantum-mechanical matrix operators proportional to the hyperfine-spin of atoms, thus provide rich opportunities to investigate exotic many-body physics. Furthermore, unlike anisotropic electric dipolar gases, unpolarized magnetic dipolar systems are isotropic under simultaneous spin-orbit rotation. These features give rise to a robust mechanism for a novel pairing symmetry: orbital p-wave (L=1) spin triplet (S=1) pairing with total angular momentum of the Cooper pair J=1. This pairing is markedly different from both the $^3$He-B phase in which J=0 and the $^3$He-$A$ phase in which $J$ is not conserved. It is also different from the p-wave pairing in the single-component electric dipolar systems in which the spin degree of freedom is frozen.
Generalized Integration Operators on Hardy Spaces
Creators: name: Chalmoukis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a natural generalization of a well studied integration operator acting on the family of Hardy spaces in the unit disc. We study the boundedness and compactness properties of the operator and finally we use these results to give simple proofs of a result of Rättyä and another result by Cohn.
description: 12 pages
Turán type inequalities for Krätzel functions
Creators: name: Baricz, Árpád
name: Jankov, Dragana
name: Pogány, Tibor K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C15 (Primary) 26D07 (Secondary)

description: Complete monotonicity, Laguerre and Turán type inequalities are established for the so-called Krätzel function $Z_ρ^ν,$ defined by $$Z_ρ^ν(u)=\int_0^{\infty}t^{ν-1}e^{-t^ρ-\frac{u}{t}}\dt,$$ where $u>0$ and $ρ,ν\in\mathbb{R}.$ Moreover, we prove the complete monotonicity of a determinant function of which entries involve the Krätzel function.
description: 9 pages
Nonclassical Degrees of Freedom in the Riemann Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Srednicki, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Hilbert-Polya conjecture states that the imaginary parts of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function are eigenvalues of a quantum hamiltonian. If so, conjectures by Katz and Sarnak put this hamiltonian in Altland and Zirnbauer's universality class C. This implies that the system must have a nonclassical two-valued degree of freedom. In such a system, the dominant primitive periodic orbits contribute to the density of states with a phase factor of -1. This resolves a previously mysterious sign problem with the oscillatory contributions to the density of the Riemann zeros.
description: 4 pages, no figures; v3-6 have minor corrections to v2, v2 has a more complete solution of the sign problem than v1
Warm dark matter at small scales: peculiar velocities and phase space density
Creators: name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scale and redshift dependence of the power spectra for density perturbations and peculiar velocities, and the evolution of a coarse grained phase space density for (WDM) particles that decoupled during the radiation dominated stage. The (WDM) corrections are obtained in a perturbative expansion valid in the range of redshifts at which N-body simulations set up initial conditions, and for a wide range of scales. The redshift dependence is determined by the kurtosis $β_2$ of the distribution function at decoupling. At large redshift there is an enhancement of peculiar velocities for $β_2 > 1$ that contributes to free streaming and leads to further suppression of the matter power spectrum and an enhancement of the peculiar velocity autocorrelation function at scales smaller than the free streaming scale. Statistical fluctuations of peculiar velocities are also suppressed on these scales by the same effect. In the linearized approximation, the coarse grained phase space density features redshift dependent (WDM) corrections from gravitational perturbations determined by the power spectrum of density perturbations and $β_2$. For $β_2 > 25/21$ it \emph{grows logarithmically} with the scale factor as a consequence of the suppression of statistical fluctuations. Two specific models for WDM are studied in detail. The (WDM) corrections relax the bounds on the mass.
description: 22 pages, 9 figs, more explanations. Published version
Activity of comets: Gas Transport in the Near-Surface Porous Layers of a Cometary Nucleus
Creators: name: Skorov, Yu.
name: van Lieshout, R.
name: Blum, J.
name: Keller, H. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas transport through non-volatile random porous media is investigated numerically. We extend our previous research of the transport of molecules inside the uppermost layer of a cometary surface (Skorov and Rickmann, 1995; Skorov et al. 2001). We assess the validity of the simplified capillary model and its assumptions to simulate the gas flux trough the porous dust mantle as it has been applied in cometary physics. A new microphysical computational model for molecular transport in random porous media formed by packed spheres is presented. The main transport characteristics such as the mean free path distribution and the permeability are calculated for a wide range of model parameters and compared with those obtained by more idealized models. The focus in this comparison is on limitations inherent in the capillary model. Finally a practical way is suggested to adjust the algebraic Clausing formula taking into consideration the nonlinear dependence of permeability on layer porosity. The retrieved dependence allows us to accurately calculate the permeability of layers whose thickness and porosity vary in the range of values expected for the near-surface regions of a cometary nucleus.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Global Regularity of weak solutions to the generalized Leray equations and its applications
Creators: name: Lai, Baishun
name: Miao, Changxing
name: Zheng, Xioaxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate a regularity for weak solutions of the following generalized Leray equations \begin{equation*} (-Δ)^αV- \frac{2α-1}{2α}V+V\cdot\nabla V-\frac{1}{2α}x\cdot \nabla V+\nabla P=0, \end{equation*} which arises from the study of self-similar solutions to the generalized Naiver-Stokes equations in $\mathbb R^3$. Firstly, by making use of the vanishing viscosity and developing non-local effects of the fractional diffusion operator, we prove uniform estimates for weak solutions $V$ in the weighted Hilbert space $H^α_ω(\mathbb R^3)$. Via the differences characterization of Besov spaces and the bootstrap argument, we improve the regularity for weak solution from $H^α_ω(\mathbb R^3)$ to $H_ω^{1+α}(\mathbb R^3)$. This regularity result, together linear theory for the non-local Stokes system, lead to pointwise estimates of $V$ which allow us to obtain a natural pointwise property of the self-similar solution constructed in \cite{LXZ}. In particular, we obtain an optimal decay estimate of the self-similar solution to the classical Naiver-Stokes equations by means of the special structure of Oseen tensor. This answers the question proposed by Tsai \cite[Comm. Math. Phys., 328 (2014), 29-44]{T}.
description: 47pages, To appear in Trans. AMS
Sequential Training of Neural Networks with Gradient Boosting
Creators: name: Emami, Seyedsaman
name: Martínez-Muñoz, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel technique based on gradient boosting to train the final layers of a neural network (NN). Gradient boosting is an additive expansion algorithm in which a series of models are trained sequentially to approximate a given function. A neural network can also be seen as an additive expansion where the scalar product of the responses of the last hidden layer and its weights provide the final output of the network. Instead of training the network as a whole, the proposed algorithm trains the network sequentially in $T$ steps. First, the bias term of the network is initialized with a constant approximation that minimizes the average loss of the data. Then, at each step, a portion of the network, composed of $J$ neurons, is trained to approximate the pseudo-residuals on the training data computed from the previous iterations. Finally, the $T$ partial models and bias are integrated as a single NN with $T \times J$ neurons in the hidden layer. Extensive experiments in classification and regression tasks, as well as in combination with deep neural networks, are carried out showing a competitive generalization performance with respect to neural networks trained with different standard solvers, such as Adam, L-BFGS, SGD and deep models. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method design permits to switch off a number of hidden units during test (the units that were last trained) without a significant reduction of its generalization ability. This permits the adaptation of the model to different classification speed requirements on the fly.
description: This paper is under consideration at Pattern Recognition Letters
Cosmological Model-independent Gamma-ray Bursts Calibration and its Cosmological Constraint to Dark Energy
Creators: name: Xu, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As so far, the redshift of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can extend to $z\sim 8$ which makes it as a complementary probe of dark energy to supernova Ia (SN Ia). However, the calibration of GRBs is still a big challenge when they are used to constrain cosmological models. Though, the absolute magnitude of GRBs is still unknown, the slopes of GRBs correlations can be used as a useful constraint to dark energy in a completely cosmological model independent way. In this paper, we follow Wang's model-independent distance measurement method and calculate their values by using 109 GRBs events via the so-called Amati relation. Then, we use the obtained model-independent distances to constrain $Λ$CDM model as an example.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Prophage exotoxins enhance colonization fitness in epidemic scarlet fever-causing Streptococcus pyogenes
Creators: name: Brouwer, Stephan
name: Barnett, Timothy C.
name: Ly, Diane
name: Kasper, Katherine J.
name: De Oliveira, David M. P.
name: Rivera-Hernandez, Tania
name: Cork, Amanda J.
name: McIntyre, Liam
name: Jespersen, Magnus G.
name: Richter, Johanna
name: Schulz, Benjamin L.
name: Dougan, Gordon
name: Nizet, Victor
name: Yuen, Kwok-Yung
name: You, Yuanhai
name: McCormick, John K.
name: Sanderson-Smith, Martina L.
name: Davies, Mark R.
name: Walker, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/326/1320
/692/420/254
/13/1
/13/106
/14/34
/14/63
/38/1
/38/22
/38/91
/38/39
/38/77
/38/70
/64/110
/82/80
/82/83
/82/29
article

description: Abstract: The re-emergence of scarlet fever poses a new global public health threat. The capacity of North-East Asian serotype M12 (emm12) Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS) to cause scarlet fever has been linked epidemiologically to the presence of novel prophages, including prophage ΦHKU.vir encoding the secreted superantigens SSA and SpeC and the DNase Spd1. Here, we report the molecular characterization of ΦHKU.vir-encoded exotoxins. We demonstrate that streptolysin O (SLO)-induced glutathione efflux from host cellular stores is a previously unappreciated GAS virulence mechanism that promotes SSA release and activity, representing the first description of a thiol-activated bacterial superantigen. Spd1 is required for resistance to neutrophil killing. Investigating single, double and triple isogenic knockout mutants of the ΦHKU.vir-encoded exotoxins, we find that SpeC and Spd1 act synergistically to facilitate nasopharyngeal colonization in a mouse model. These results offer insight into the pathogenesis of scarlet fever-causing GAS mediated by prophage ΦHKU.vir exotoxins.
A Comparative Analysis of XGBoost
Creators: name: Bentéjac, Candice
name: Csörgő, Anna
name: Martínez-Muñoz, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: XGBoost is a scalable ensemble technique based on gradient boosting that has demonstrated to be a reliable and efficient machine learning challenge solver. This work proposes a practical analysis of how this novel technique works in terms of training speed, generalization performance and parameter setup. In addition, a comprehensive comparison between XGBoost, random forests and gradient boosting has been performed using carefully tuned models as well as using the default settings. The results of this comparison may indicate that XGBoost is not necessarily the best choice under all circumstances. Finally an extensive analysis of XGBoost parametrization tuning process is carried out.
Lo scambio linguistico e la (in)sicurezza linguistica: quali benefici per la produzione orale in tedesco?
Creators: name: D'Antino, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2024
Subjects: L2 – Tedesco – Produzione orale – Sicurezza linguistica – Scambio linguistico – Progettazione a ritroso – Problem Solving – Experiential Learning Cycle – Behavior Modification

description: La produzione orale è al centro dell’apprendimento delle lingue straniere: l’autostima, la fiducia e la consapevolezza delle proprie capacità sono pilastri fondamentali per lo sviluppo delle abilità degli allievi e delle allieve in questo ambito di competenza. In questo lavoro di Master, si esplora quindi la (in)sicurezza linguistica e si valutano tre differenti tecniche nate dalla Behavior Modification per tematizzarla e trattarla all’interno di una classe di quarta media coinvolta in uno scambio linguistico. L’intera ricerca si è basata sul modello di ricerca azione ed è composta da cinque fasi: la raccolta iniziale dei dati qualitativi, la progettazione didattica (seguendo la progettazione a ritroso e gli approcci didattici del Problem Solving e del Experiential Learning Cycle), la sperimentazione dei percorsi didattici in classe, la raccolta finale dei dati qualitativi e, infine, l’analisi e il paragone della situazione iniziale e quella finale. I dati raccolti hanno dimostrato che lo scambio linguistico, il quale ha rappresentato un’esperienza autentica e significativa per gli allievi e le allieve, così come la tematizzazione dell’insicurezza linguistica, tramite un dialogo aperto e l’apprendimento esperienziale, hanno incrementato la riflessione, l’autovalutazione e la consapevolezza delle competenze dei e delle discenti. L’esposizione regolare e frequente al tedesco e a contesti comunicativi autentici è inoltre risultata fondamentale per l’aumento della sicurezza linguistica e, quindi, per il miglioramento delle competenze di produzione orale. Materia: Tedesco. Relatore: Matteo Luigi Piricò.
Algumas notas sobre as noções de tensão-deformação e cisalhamento nas hipóteses propostas em Tectónica
Creators: name: Pereira, Luís C. Gama
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Ao estudarmos as relações das tensões sobre os materiais rochosos e a sua deformação, uma das suas consequências mais importantes, além dos dobramentos, é o falhamento. A hierarquização das falhas no terreno e as consequências que podem originar, desde a amostra de mão ao maciço montanhoso, devem ser correlacionadas e harmonizadas. Apresenta-se um modelo deste caminho ao discutir algumas características da formação da Cadeia Hercínica europeia a partir de observações em Portugal e na Península Ibérica.
AdS/QHE: Towards a Holographic Description of Quantum Hall Experiments
Creators: name: Bayntun, Allan
name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Dolan, Brian P.
name: Lee, Sung-Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitions among quantum Hall plateaux share a suite of remarkable experimental features, such as semi-circle laws and duality relations, whose accuracy and robustness are difficult to explain directly in terms of the detailed dynamics of the microscopic electrons. They would naturally follow if the low-energy transport properties were governed by an emergent discrete duality group relating the different plateaux, but no explicit examples of interacting systems having such a group are known. Recent progress using the AdS/CFT correspondence has identified examples with similar duality groups, but without the DC ohmic conductivity characteristic of quantum Hall experiments. We use this to propose a simple holographic model for low-energy quantum Hall systems, with a nonzero DC conductivity that automatically exhibits all of the observed consequences of duality, including the existence of the plateaux and the semi-circle transitions between them. The model can be regarded as a strongly coupled analog of the old `composite boson' picture of quantum Hall systems. Non-universal features of the model can be used to test whether it describes actual materials, and we comment on some of these in our proposed model.
description: LaTex 52 pages 11 figures. Repost improves the discussion of the probe approximation; corrects minor errors; adds references. Second repost generalizes charged solution and improves scaling discussion
SILKNOW Image Retrieval - final version WP4 - Scenario: visual only
Creators: name: Dorozynski, Mareike
name: Rottensteiner, Franz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: image retrieval
CNN
silk fabrics
SILKNOW
visual similarity

description: A pre-trained Siamese CNN resulting from the SILKNOW Image Retrieval software from the Git repository https://github.com/silknow/image-retrieval. The model refers to a trainng of visual similarity, i.e. a training with the "combined_similarity_loss" and equal weights for "loss_weight_colour" and "loss_weight_augment". The model was trained on images exported from an relatively advanced state of the SILKNOW Knowledge graph (15.12.2020) in the frame of D4.6 in the SILKNOW project. The CNN was trained to provide similar descriptors for images having similar visual properties and dissimilar descriptors for images having dissimilar visual properties.
NeuralSens: Sensitivity Analysis of Neural Networks
Creators: name: Pizarroso, J.
name: Portela, J.
name: Muñoz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks are important tools for data-intensive analysis and are commonly applied to model non-linear relationships between dependent and independent variables. However, neural networks are usually seen as "black boxes" that offer minimal information about how the input variables are used to predict the response in a fitted model. This article describes the \pkg{NeuralSens} package that can be used to perform sensitivity analysis of neural networks using the partial derivatives method. Functions in the package can be used to obtain the sensitivities of the output with respect to the input variables, evaluate variable importance based on sensitivity measures and characterize relationships between input and output variables. Methods to calculate sensitivities are provided for objects from common neural network packages in \proglang{R}, including \pkg{neuralnet}, \pkg{nnet}, \pkg{RSNNS}, \pkg{h2o}, \pkg{neural}, \pkg{forecast} and \pkg{caret}. The article presents an overview of the techniques for obtaining information from neural network models, a theoretical foundation of how are calculated the partial derivatives of the output with respect to the inputs of a multi-layer perceptron model, a description of the package structure and functions, and applied examples to compare \pkg{NeuralSens} functions with analogous functions from other available \proglang{R} packages.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Journal of Statistical Software (JSS) https://www.jstatsoft.org/index
Benvenuto nel nostro club! Il consiglio di cooperazione: una pratica per migliorare il clima di classe
Creators: name: Barbieri, Chiara
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2024
Subjects: Consiglio di Cooperazione
conflitti
autonomia
clima di classe
ascolto attivo

description: I conflitti ci accompagnano durante tutta la nostra vita e, inevitabilmente, influenzano le relazioni interpersonali e la nostra crescita personale. Imparare a gestirli in modo efficace rappresenta una competenza fondamentale per affrontare le sfide della vita quotidiana. Questo lavoro di ricerca ha lo scopo di applicare la teoria del Consiglio di Cooperazione seguendo i bisogni di una classe di quarta elementare. L’obiettivo del percorso è quello di analizzare in che modo questa pratica influisce sul clima di classe e sulla risoluzione autonoma dei conflitti. L’indagine è stata condotta per un periodo di sei mesi, durante i quali si è svolto un Consiglio di Cooperazione a settimana, per un totale di 15 incontri. Per la raccolta dati è stato utilizzato uno sguardo poliedrico, il quale comprende la somministrazione di questionari, l’osservazione e l’evoluzione dei conflitti (diario di bordo), le registrazioni audio e i verbali dei vari Consigli di Cooperazione. Grazie all’analisi dei dati raccolti è stato possibile dimostrare un impatto positivo dell’introduzione del Consiglio di Cooperazione sul clima di classe. Inoltre è emerso un miglioramento da parte dei bambini riguardo la risoluzione autonoma dei conflitti: essi hanno dimostrato di disporre degli strumenti e di saperli applicare. Relatrice: Maya Giugni.
IRS-Assisted Rayleigh Fading MISO Systems : beamforming and asymptotic Analysis
Creators: name: Alnahhas, Bayan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: The recent concept of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) enabled wireless communication can overcome the adverse effects of the wireless channel by manipulating the propagation of the radio waves in the environment. This emerging technology, which relies on low-cost passive reflecting elements, is shown to yield promising performance results in recent studies that often focus on Rayleigh fading environments and assume the availability of perfect channel state information (CSI) at the base station (BS) and the IRS. This work considers the practical setting where only imperfect CSI is available at the BS and the IRS, and studies the downlink sum-rate performance of a multi-user IRS-assisted multiple-input single-output (MISO) system in the asymptotic regime where the number of BS antennas, IRS elements and users grow large. We first derive the MMSE estimates of the IRS-assisted and direct channels under a protocol that ensures that the IRS element stay passive. Then we formulate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and sum rate expressions under maximum ratio transmission (MRT) precoding, and obtain their asymptotically tight deterministic approximations using tools from random matrix theory. The asymptotic performance limits are also derived that reveal that in Rayleigh fading environments, IRS only yields an array gain and loses on the reflect beamforming gain promised by existing works. Simulation results show the tightness of the asymptotic expressions for moderate system dimensions and reveal important insights into how beneficial the IRSs are when the environment has rich scattering as represented in Rayleigh fading. It turns out that IRS introduces high sum- rate gains in noise-limited scenarios whereas the gains start to diminish in interference-limited scenarios.
Tuning Time-Domain Pseudospectral Computations of the Self-Force on a Charged Scalar Particle
Creators: name: Canizares, Priscilla
name: Sopuerta, Carlos F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of the self-force constitutes one of the main challenges for the construction of precise theoretical waveform templates in order to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with the future space-based gravitational-wave observatory LISA. Since the number of templates required is quite high, it is important to develop fast algorithms both for the computation of the self-force and the production of waveforms. In this article we show how to tune a recent time-domain technique for the computation of the self-force, what we call the Particle without Particle scheme, in order to make it very precise and at the same time very efficient. We also extend this technique in order to allow for highly eccentric orbits.
description: IOP LaTeX style. 11 pages, 4 pages. Contribution to the NRDA/CAPRA 2010 Conference
Validation of a new fully automated software for 2D digital mammographic breast density evaluation in predicting breast cancer risk
Creators: name: Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
name: Djuric, Olivera
name: Hélin, Valerie
name: Astley, Susan
name: Mantellini, Paola
name: Nitrosi, Andrea
name: Harkness, Elaine F.
name: Gauthier, Emilien
name: Puliti, Donella
name: Balleyguier, Corinne
name: Baron, Camille
name: Gilbert, Fiona J.
name: Grivegnée, André
name: Pattacini, Pierpaolo
name: Michiels, Stefan
name: Delaloge, Suzette
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1347
/692/700
/692/308
/692/4028
article

description: Abstract: We compared accuracy for breast cancer (BC) risk stratification of a new fully automated system (DenSeeMammo—DSM) for breast density (BD) assessment to a non-inferiority threshold based on radiologists’ visual assessment. Pooled analysis was performed on 14,267 2D mammograms collected from women aged 48–55 years who underwent BC screening within three studies: RETomo, Florence study and PROCAS. BD was expressed through clinical Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density classification. Women in BI-RADS D category had a 2.6 (95% CI 1.5–4.4) and a 3.6 (95% CI 1.4–9.3) times higher risk of incident and interval cancer, respectively, than women in the two lowest BD categories. The ability of DSM to predict risk of incident cancer was non-inferior to radiologists’ visual assessment as both point estimate and lower bound of 95% CI (AUC 0.589; 95% CI 0.580–0.597) were above the predefined visual assessment threshold (AUC 0.571). AUC for interval (AUC 0.631; 95% CI 0.623–0.639) cancers was even higher. BD assessed with new fully automated method is positively associated with BC risk and is not inferior to radiologists’ visual assessment. It is an even stronger marker of interval cancer, confirming an appreciable masking effect of BD that reduces mammography sensitivity.
On essential-selfadjointness of differential operators on closed manifolds
Creators: name: de Verdìère, Yves Colin
name: Bihan, Corentin Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this note is to present some arguments leading to the conjecture that a formally self-adjoint differential operator on a closed manifold is essentially self-adjoint if and only if the Hamiltonian flow of its symbol is complete. This holds for differential operators of degree two on the circle, for differential operators of degree one on any closed manifold and for generic Lorentzian Laplacians on surfaces.
Unambiguous discrimination between two unknown qudit states
Creators: name: Zhou, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the unambiguous discrimination between two unknown qudit states in $n$-dimensional ($n\geqslant2$) Hilbert space. By equivalence of unknown pure states to known mixed states and with the Jordan-basis method, we demonstrate that the optimal success probability of the discrimination between two unknown states is independent of the dimension $n$. We also give a scheme for a physical implementation of the programmable state discriminator that unambiguously discriminate between two unknown states with optimal probability of success.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
title: Ð¡Ð¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¼
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Control system hypersonic ramjet
Creators: name: Ð¡Ð°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÑÐ³Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¼
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control system of hypersonic ramjet
hypersonic ramjet
combustor chamber
principle of operation of hypersonic ramjet
technological process

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¼. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ Ð ÐÐ¦ Â«ÐÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÂ». Ð¡Ð¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð° ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐ½ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑ ÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿ÐµÑÐ·Ð²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ñ Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² ÑÐµÑÐµÐ· Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð²Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð½Ð° ÐÐÐ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ ModBus ÑÐµÑÐµÐ· Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ¹Ñ RS-485. Ð¡Ð¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸. ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ² Ð²Ð¸Ð·ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Â«Codesys V2.3Â» Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°.
description: This work described the creation of the control system hypersonic ramjet. This system was designed based on RSC "Applied Chemistry". It was created a structural scheme of the control system, was selected measuring devices to obtain information about the state of the hypersonic ramjet plant. To obtain information about the plant status from the sensors via the input modules on the PLC, the transmission via Mod-Bus protocol via the RS-485 interface was used. The program to automatically start the plant was created. Information about the flow of the process is displayed using visualization tools in the software "Codesys V2.3" in the form of a cyclogram on the operator panel.