cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The intermediate-ionization lines as virial broadening estimators for Population A quasars
Creators: name: Marziani, P.
name: del Olmo, A.
name: Negrete, C. A.
name: Dultzin, D.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Vietri, G.
name: Martinez-Aldama, M. L.
name: D'Onofrio, Mauro
name: Bon, E.
name: Bon, N.
name: Machado, A. Deconto
name: Stirpe, G. M.
name: Rios, T. Buendia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identification of a virial broadening estimator in the quasar UV rest frame suitable for black hole mass computation at high redshift has become an important issue. We compare the HI Balmer H-beta line width to the ones of two intermediate ionization lines: the Aliii 1860 doublet and the Ciii] 1909 line, over a wide interval of redshift and luminosity (0 < z < 3.5; 43 < logL < 48.5 [erg a/]), for 48 sources belonging to the quasar population characterized by mid-to-high values of the Eddington ratio (Population A). The present analysis indicates that the line width of Aliii 1860 and H-beta are highly correlated, and can be considered equivalent for most Population A quasars over five orders of magnitude in luminosity; forCiii] 1909, multiplication by a constant correction factor xi ~ 1.25 is sufficient to bring the FWHM of Ciii] in agreement with the one of H-betaa. The statistical concordance between low-ionization and intermediate-ionization lines suggests that they predominantly arise from the same virialized part of the broad line region. However, blueshifts of modest amplitude (few hundred km /s) with respect to the quasar rest frame and an excess (~ 1.1) Aliii broadening with respect to H-beta are found in a fraction of our sample. Scaling laws to estimate M_BH of high redshift quasar using the Aliii and the Ciii] line widths have rms scatter ~ 0.3 dex. The Aliii scaling law takes the form log M_BH ~ 0.58 log L1700,44 + 2 log FWHM + 0.49 [solar masses].
description: Accepted for ApJS publication
Cyanopolyyne line survey towards high-mass star-forming regions with TMRT
Creators: name: Wang, Y. X.
name: Zhang, J. S.
name: Yan, Y. T.
name: Qiu, J. J.
name: Chen, J. L.
name: Zhao, J. Y.
name: Zou, Y. P.
name: Wu, X. C.
name: He, X. L.
name: Gong, Y. B.
name: Cai, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a cyanopolyyne line survey towards a large sample of HMSFRs using the Shanghai Tian Ma 65m Radio Telescope (TMRT). Our sample consisted of 123 targets taken from the TMRT C band line survey. It included three kinds of sources, namely those with detection of the 6.7 GHz CH3OH maser alone, with detection of the radio recombination line (RRL) alone, and with detection of both (hereafter referred to as Maser-only, RRL-only, and Maser-RRL sources, respectively). We detected HC3N in 38 sources, HC5N in 11 sources, and HC7N in G24.790+0.084, with the highest detection rate being found for Maser-RRL sources and a very low detection rate found for RRL-only sources. Their column densities were derived using the rotational temperature measured from the NH3 lines. And we constructed and fitted the far-infrared (FIR) spectral energy distributions. Based on these, we derive their dust temperatures, H2 column densities, and abundances of cyanopolyynes relative to H2. The detection rate, the column density, and the relative abundance of HC3N increase from Maser-only to Maser-RRL sources and decrease from Maser-RRL to RRL-only sources. This trend is consistent with the proposed evolutionary trend of HC3N under the assumption that our Maser-only, Maser-RRL, and RRL-only sources correspond to massive young stellar objects, ultra-compact HII regions, and normal classical HII regions, respectively. Furthermore, a statistical analysis of the integrated line intensity and column density of HC3N and shock-tracing molecules (SiO, H2CO) enabled us to find positive correlations between them. This suggests that HC3N may be another tracer of shocks, and should therefore be the subject of further observations and corresponding chemical simulations. Our results indirectly support the idea that the neutral--neutral reaction between C2H2 and CN is the dominant formation pathway of HC3N.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, Accepted to A&A
Comparison of spatial distributions of Intracluster light and Dark Matter
Creators: name: Yoo, Jaewon
name: Ko, Jongwan
name: Sabiu, Cristiano G.
name: Shin, Jihye
name: Chun, Kyungwon
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Kim, Juhan
name: Jee, M. James
name: Kim, Hyowon
name: Smith, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a galaxy cluster, the relative spatial distributions of dark matter, member galaxies, gas, and intracluster light (ICL) may connote their mutual interactions over the cluster evolution. However, it is a challenging problem to provide a quantitative measure for the shape matching between two multi-dimensional scalar distributions. We present a novel methodology, named the {\em Weighted Overlap Coefficient (WOC)}, to quantify the similarity of 2-dimensional spatial distributions. We compare the WOC with a standard method known as the Modified Hausdorff Distance (MHD). We find that our method is robust, and performs well even with the existence of multiple sub-structures. We apply our methodology to search for a visible component whose spatial distribution resembled with that of dark matter. If such a component could be found to trace the dark matter distribution with high fidelity for more relaxed galaxy clusters, then the similarity of the distributions could also be used as a dynamical stage estimator of the cluster. We apply the method to six galaxy clusters at different dynamical stages simulated within the GRT simulation, which is an N-body simulation using the galaxy replacement technique. Among the various components (stellar particles, galaxies, ICL), the ICL+ brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) component most faithfully trace the dark matter distribution. Among the sample galaxy clusters, the relaxed clusters show stronger similarity in the spatial distribution of the dark matter and ICL+BCG than the dynamically young clusters. While the MHD results show weaker trend with the dynamical stages.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted in ApJS
The Textual Coordination of Teachers’ Decision-Making Regarding the Use of Digital Technologies: An Institutional Ethnographic Study of a Melbourne Secondary School
Creators: name: MANZARI, ELHAM
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: This study examined the complexity of secondary school teachers' work, particularly their decision-making regarding using digital technologies in professional practices. The study employed institutional ethnography as a theory and methodology. It integrated Fairclough's (1993) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as an additional analytical tool to examine five teachers’ perspectives at a public secondary school in Melbourne, Australia. Teachers’ voices played a critical role in this inquiry to explore how their experiences and practices are coordinated and shaped by regulatory policy texts. The findings of the teachers' talk revealed the professional requirements for the teachers, as frontline workers in education, to align their work with institutional policy imperatives.
An orbital perspective on the starvation, stripping, and quenching of satellite galaxies in the EAGLE simulations
Creators: name: Wright, Ruby J.
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Power, Chris
name: Stevens, Adam R. H.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Poulton, Rhys J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the EAGLE suite of simulations, we demonstrate that both cold gas stripping {\it and} starvation of gas inflow play an important role in quenching satellite galaxies across a range of stellar and halo masses, $M_{\star}$ and $M_{200}$. By quantifying the balance between gas inflows, outflows, and star formation rates, we show that even at $z=2$, only $\approx30\%$ of satellite galaxies are able to maintain equilibrium or grow their reservoir of cool gas - compared to $\approx50\%$ of central galaxies at this redshift. We find that the number of orbits completed by a satellite is a very good predictor of its quenching, even more so than the time since infall. On average, we show that intermediate-mass satellites with $M_{\star}$ between $10^{9}{\rm M}_{\odot}-10^{10}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ will be quenched at first pericenter in massive group environments, $M_{200}>10^{13.5}{\rm M}_{\odot}$; and will be quenched at second pericenter in less massive group environments, $M_{200}<10^{13.5}{\rm M}_{\odot}$. On average, more massive satellites ($M_{\star}>10^{10}{\rm M}_{\odot}$) experience longer depletion time-scales, being quenched between first and second pericenters in massive groups; while in smaller group environments, just $\approx30\%$ will be quenched even after two orbits. Our results suggest that while starvation alone may be enough to slowly quench satellite galaxies, direct gas stripping, particularly at pericenters, is required to produce the short quenching time-scales exhibited in the simulation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Galaxy cluster aperture masses are more robust to baryonic effects than 3D halo masses
Creators: name: Debackere, Stijn N. B.
name: Hoekstra, Henk
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic uncertainties in the mass measurement of galaxy clusters limit the cosmological constraining power of future surveys that will detect more than $10^5$ clusters. Previously, we argued that aperture masses can be inferred more accurately and precisely than 3D masses without loss of cosmological constraining power. Here, we use the Baryons and Haloes of Massive Systems (BAHAMAS) cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations to show that aperture masses are also less sensitive to changes in mass caused by galaxy formation processes. For haloes with $m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} > 10^{14} \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$, binned by their 3D halo mass, baryonic physics affects aperture masses and 3D halo masses similarly when measured within apertures similar to the halo virial radius, reaching a maximum reduction of $\approx 3 \, \%$. For lower-mass haloes, $10^{13.5} < m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} / (h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M}_\odot) < 10^{14}$, and aperture sizes $\sim 1 \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{cMpc}$, representative of weak lensing observations, the aperture mass is consistently reduced less ($\lesssim 5 \, \%$) than the 3D halo mass ($\lesssim 10 \, \%$ for $m_\mathrm{200m}$). The halo mass reduction evolves only slightly, by up to $2$ percentage points, between redshift 0.25 and 1 for both the aperture mass and $m_\mathrm{200m}$. Varying the strength of the simulated feedback so the mean simulated hot gas fraction covers the observed scatter inferred from X-ray observations, we find that the aperture mass is consistently less biased than the 3D halo mass, by up to $2 \, $ percentage points at $m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} = 10^{14} \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$. Therefore, cluster aperture mass calibrations provide a fruitful path forward for future cluster surveys to reduce their sensitivity to systematic uncertainties.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, updated to accepted version from MNRAS
Disadvantage facing young people with disability in Australia
Creators: name: KAVENAGH, MELLISSA
name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: Stancliffe, Roger
name: BADLAND, HANNAH
name: Emerson, Eric
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social policy
Public health not elsewhere classified
Health policy
People with disability
Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law
Other economics not elsewhere classified
Labour economics
Welfare economics

description: In Australia, young people with disability experience disadvantage in many areas of their lives.
This fact sheet presents data on inequalities between young people aged 15 to 24 years with and without disability in Australia from 2001 to 2018. Data were sourced using the annual Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, to measure the level of disadvantage experienced by young people with disability across 13 indicators representing health and wellbeing, education, employment, social and community connectedness, and financial circumstances.
These data were collected before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Over the period 2001 to 2018, outcomes improved for young people with disability in the following areas:

• Education attainment• Feeling safe• Violence or property crime• Income poverty and material hardshipFor the remaining 9 indicators measured, outcomes for young people with disability stayed the same or got worse.

Inequalities between young people with disability and young people without disability decreased over this 18-year period in the following areas:• Education attainment• Feeling safe• Violence or property crimeFor the remaining 10 indicators, inequalities stayed the same or increased.

This fact sheet was produced by the team at the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH), The University of Melbourne, May 2021.

Contact information
cre-dh@unimelb.edu.au https://credh.org.au/
Extreme eccentricities of triple systems: Analytic results
Creators: name: Mangipudi, Abhi
name: Grishin, Evgeni
name: Trani, Alessandro A.
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triple stars and compact objects are ubiquitously observed in nature. Their long-term evolution is complex; in particular, the von-Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai (ZLK) mechanism can potentially lead to highly eccentric encounters of the inner binary. Such encounters can lead to a plethora of interacting binary phenomena, as well as stellar and compact-object mergers. Here we find explicit analytical formulae for the maximal eccentricity, $e_{\rm max}$, of the inner binary undergoing ZLK oscillations, where both the test particle limit (parametrised by the inner-to-outer angular momentum ratio $η$) and the double-averaging approximation (parametrised by the period ratio, $ε_{\rm SA}$) are relaxed, for circular outer orbits. We recover known results in both limiting cases (either $η$ or $ε_{\rm SA} \to 0$) and verify the validity of our model using numerical simulations. We test our results with two accurate numerical N-body codes, $\texttt{Rebound}$ for Newtonian dynamics and $\texttt{Tsunami}$ for general-relativistic (GR) dynamics, and find excellent correspondence. We discuss the implications of our results for stellar triples and both stellar and supermassive triple black hole mergers.
British Gallup Poll CQ 976
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); Harold Wilson performance (1); Margaret Thatcher performance (1); Jeremy Thorpe performance (1); party support (1); last general election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (11); next general election (2); failures of government (11); Labor party and politicians (34); government's price & wage policy (11); losing weight (15); cottage cheese (81); cosmetics (33); rental cars (15).
Disadvantage facing young people with disability in Australia
Creators: name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: Stancliffe, Roger
name: BADLAND, HANNAH
name: Emerson, Eric
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social policy
Public health not elsewhere classified
Health policy
People with disability
Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law
Other economics not elsewhere classified
Labour economics
Welfare economics

description: In Australia, young people with disability experience disadvantage in many areas of their lives.
This fact sheet presents data on inequalities between young people aged 15 to 24 years with and without disability in Australia from 2001 to 2018. Data were sourced using the annual Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, to measure the level of disadvantage experienced by young people with disability across 13 indicators representing health and wellbeing, education, employment, social and community connectedness, and financial circumstances.
These data were collected before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Over the period 2001 to 2018, outcomes improved for young people with disability in the following areas:

• Education attainment• Feeling safe• Violence or property crime• Income poverty and material hardshipFor the remaining 9 indicators measured, outcomes for young people with disability stayed the same or got worse.

Inequalities between young people with disability and young people without disability decreased over this 18-year period in the following areas:• Education attainment• Feeling safe• Violence or property crimeFor the remaining 10 indicators, inequalities stayed the same or increased.

This fact sheet was produced by the team at the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH), The University of Melbourne, May 2021.

Contact information
cre-dh@unimelb.edu.au https://credh.org.au/
Prograde spin-up during gravitational collapse
Creators: name: Visser, Rico G.
name: Brouwers, Marc G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroids, planets, stars in some open clusters, as well as molecular clouds appear to possess a preferential spin-orbit alignment, pointing to shared processes that tie their rotation at birth to larger parent structures. We present a new mechanism that describes how collections of particles or 'clouds' gain a prograde rotational component when they collapse or contract while subject to an external, central force. The effect is geometric in origin, as relative shear on curved orbits moves their shared center-of-mass slightly inward and toward the external potential during a collapse, exchanging orbital angular momentum into aligned (prograde) rotation. We perform illustrative analytical and N-body calculations to show that this process of prograde spin-up proceeds quadratically in time ($δL_\mathrm{rot} \propto t^2$) until the collapse nears completion. The total rotational gain increases with the size of the cloud prior to its collapse: $δL_\mathrm{rot}/L_\mathrm{H} \propto (R_\mathrm{cl}/R_\mathrm{H})^5$, and typically with distance to the source of the potential ($L_\mathrm{H}\propto r_0)$. For clouds that form at the interface of shear and self-gravity ($R_\mathrm{cl} \sim R_\mathrm{H}$), prograde spin-up means that even setups with large initial retrograde rotation collapse to form prograde-spinning objects. Being a geometric effect, prograde spin-up persists around any central potential that triggers shear, even those where the shear is strongly retrograde. We highlight an application to the Solar System, where prograde spin-up can explain the frequency of binary objects in the Kuiper belt with prograde rotation.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Co-first authors. Comments and questions welcome
Práctica de Aula 6. Virus Papiloma Humano
Creators: name: Montesdeoca-Ramírez, Daniela Celia
name: Morales-Gázquez, Mª José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Vacuna
subject: Prevención
subject: Virus Papiloma Humano
subject: VPH
subject: 42413

description: Material docente de la asignatura CEAPS (42413)
Identifying outliers in astronomical images with unsupervised machine learning
Creators: name: Han, Yang
name: Zou, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Nan
name: Chen, Yanli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomical outliers, such as unusual, rare or unknown types of astronomical objects or phenomena, constantly lead to the discovery of genuinely unforeseen knowledge in astronomy. More unpredictable outliers will be uncovered in principle with the increment of the coverage and quality of upcoming survey data. However, it is a severe challenge to mine rare and unexpected targets from enormous data with human inspection due to a significant workload. Supervised learning is also unsuitable for this purpose since designing proper training sets for unanticipated signals is unworkable. Motivated by these challenges, we adopt unsupervised machine learning approaches to identify outliers in the data of galaxy images to explore the paths for detecting astronomical outliers. For comparison, we construct three methods, which are built upon the k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Convolutional Auto-Encoder (CAE)+ KNN, and CAE + KNN + Attention Mechanism (attCAE KNN) separately. Testing sets are created based on the Galaxy Zoo image data published online to evaluate the performance of the above methods. Results show that attCAE KNN achieves the best recall (78%), which is 53% higher than the classical KNN method and 22% higher than CAE+KNN. The efficiency of attCAE KNN (10 minutes) is also superior to KNN (4 hours) and equal to CAE+KNN(10 minutes) for accomplishing the same task. Thus, we believe it is feasible to detect astronomical outliers in the data of galaxy images in an unsupervised manner. Next, we will apply attCAE KNN to available survey datasets to assess its applicability and reliability.
Establishing a Standing Review for the National Disability Strategy in NSW - Submission to the NSW Ageing and Disability Commission
Creators: name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Social policy

description:
This submission is made by Dr Nicola Fortune on behalf of investigators within the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH) funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council. In responding to the questions set out in the position paper, we draw on our collective knowledge and research expertise in relation to health and wellbeing inequalities experienced by people with disability, and particularly on our recent experience with: - Developing the Disability and Wellbeing Monitoring Framework and Indicators, with input from people with lived experience of disability; and - Organising, in partnership with the Australian Human Rights Commission, a Zoom webinar as part of consultations for the next National Disability Strategy.
Monitoring implementation of and outcomes related to the National Disability Strategy is essential for ensuring that the Strategy is effective in improving the lives of people with disability in NSW and achieving a fair and inclusive society in which people with disability can fulfil their potential as equal citizens. We congratulate the ADC for undertaking this important work.
www.credh.org.au
Spectral lines in FUV and EUV for diagnosing coronal magnetic field
Creators: name: Khan, Raveena
name: Nagaraju, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diagnostic capabilities of spectral lines in far ultraviolet (FUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength range are explored in terms of their Hanle and Zeeman sensitivity to probe vector magnetic field in the solar corona. The temperature range covered is log$_{10}(T)=5.5-6.3$. The circular polarization signal due to longitudinal Zeeman effect is estimated for spectral lines in the wavelength range of 500 to 1600 Å. The Stokes $V/I$ signal for a FUV line is found to be in the order of 10$^{-4}$ for a longitudinal field strength of 10 Gauss, which further reduces to 10$^{-5}$ for wavelengths below 1200 Å. Due to such low signals, the present study aims to find combination of spectral lines having different Hanle sensitivity but with identical peak formation temperature to probe coronal magnetic field vector. The combination of Hanle sensitive lines is better suited because the Hanle signals are stronger by at least an order of magnitude compared to Zeeman signals. The linear polarization signals due to Hanle effect from at least two spectral lines are required to derive information on the full vector. It is found from this study that there is always a pair of Hanle sensitive lines for a given temperature range suitable for probing coronal vector magnetic field and they are located in close proximity with each other in terms of their wavelength.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Solar Physics journal
Establishing a Standing Review for the National Disability Strategy in NSW - Submission to the NSW Ageing and Disability Commission
Creators: name: KAVENAGH, MELLISSA
name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Social policy

description:
This submission is made by Dr Nicola Fortune on behalf of investigators within the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH) funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council. In responding to the questions set out in the position paper, we draw on our collective knowledge and research expertise in relation to health and wellbeing inequalities experienced by people with disability, and particularly on our recent experience with: - Developing the Disability and Wellbeing Monitoring Framework and Indicators, with input from people with lived experience of disability; and - Organising, in partnership with the Australian Human Rights Commission, a Zoom webinar as part of consultations for the next National Disability Strategy.
Monitoring implementation of and outcomes related to the National Disability Strategy is essential for ensuring that the Strategy is effective in improving the lives of people with disability in NSW and achieving a fair and inclusive society in which people with disability can fulfil their potential as equal citizens. We congratulate the ADC for undertaking this important work.
www.credh.org.au
Statistical properties and correlation length in star-forming molecular clouds: I. Formalism and application to observations
Creators: name: Jaupart, Etienne
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proper characterization of the general statistical behavior of these fluctuations, from a limited sample of observations or simulations, is of prime importance to understand the process of star formation. In this article, we use the ergodic theory for any random field of fluctuations, as commonly used in statistical physics, to derive rigorous statistical results. We outline how to evaluate the autocovariance function (ACF) and the characteristic correlation length of these fluctuations. We then apply this statistical approach to astrophysical systems characterized by a field of density fluctuations, notably star-forming clouds. When it is difficult to determine the correlation length from the empirical ACF, we show alternative ways to estimate the correlation length. We show that the statistics of the column-density field is hampered by biases introduced by integration effects along the line of sight and we explain how to reduce these biases. The statistics of the probability density function (PDF) ergodic estimator also yields the derivation of the proper statistical error bars. We provide a method that can be used by observers and numerical simulation specialists to determine the latter. We show that they (i) cannot be derived from simple Poisson statistics and (ii) become increasingly large for increasing density contrasts, severely hampering the accuracy of the low and high end part of the PDF because of a sample size that is too small. As templates of various stages of star formation in MCs, we then examine the case of the Polaris and Orion B clouds in detail. We calculate, from the observations, the ACF and the correlation length in these clouds and show that the latter is on the order of $\sim$1\% of the size of the cloud.
description: Accepted for publications in A&A
Statistical properties and correlation length in star-forming molecular clouds: II. Gravitational potential and virial parameter
Creators: name: Jaupart, Etienne
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first article of this series, we have used the ergodic theory to assess the validity of a statistical approach to characterize various properties of star-forming molecular clouds (MCs) from a limited number of observations or simulations. This allows the proper determination of confidence intervals for various volumetric averages of statistical quantities obtained form observations or numerical simulations. In this joint paper, we apply the same formalism to a different kind of (observational or numerical) study of MCs. Indeed, as observations cannot fully unravel the complexity of the inner density structure of star forming clouds, it is important to know whether global observable estimates, such as the total mass and size of the cloud, can give an accurate estimation of various key physical quantities that characterize the dynamics of the cloud. Of prime importance is the correct determination of the total gravitational (binding) energy and virial parameter of a cloud. We show that, whereas for clouds that are not in a too advanced stage of star formation, such as Polaris or Orion B, the knowledge of only their mass and size is sufficient to yield an accurate determination of the aforementioned quantities from observations (i.e. in real space). In contrast, we show that this is no longer true for numerical simulations in a periodic box. We derive a relationship for the ratio of the virial parameter in these two respective cases.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Discovery of faint double-peak Halpha emission in the halo of low redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Almeida, J. Sanchez
name: Calhau, J.
name: Munoz-Tunon, C.
name: Gonzalez-Moran, A. L.
name: Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aiming at the detection of cosmological gas being accreted onto galaxies of the local Universe, we examined the Halpha emission in the halo of 164 galaxies in the field of view of the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer Wide survey (\musew ) with observable Halpha (redshift < 0.42). An exhaustive screening of the corresponding Halpha images led us to select 118 reliable Halpha emitting gas clouds. The signals are faint, with a surface brightness of 10**(-17.3 pm 0.3) erg/s/cm2/arcsec2. Through statistical tests and other arguments, we ruled out that they are created by instrumental artifacts, telluric line residuals, or high redshift interlopers. Around 38% of the time, the Halpha line profile shows a double peak with the drop in intensity at the rest-frame of the central galaxy, and with a typical peak-to-peak separation of the order of pm 200 km/s. Most line emission clumps are spatially unresolved. The mass of emitting gas is estimated to be between one and 10**(-3) times the stellar mass of the central galaxy. The signals are not isotropically distributed; their azimuth tends to be aligned with the major axis of the corresponding galaxy. The distances to the central galaxies are not random either. The counts drop at a distance > 50 galaxy radii, which roughly corresponds to the virial radius of the central galaxy. We explore several physical scenarios to explain this Halpha emission, among which accretion disks around rogue intermediate mass black holes fit the observations best.
description: pay attention to the last sentence of the abstract! Accepted for publication in ApJ
Landau level collapse in graphene in the presence of in-plane radial electric and perpendicular magnetic fields
Creators: name: Nimyi, I. O.
name: Könye, V.
name: Sharapov, S. G.
name: Gusynin, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that in two-dimensional relativistic Dirac systems placed in orthogonal uniform magnetic and electric fields, the Landau levels collapse as the applied in-plane electric field reaches a critical value $\pm E_c$. We study this phenomenon for a distinct field configuration with in-plane constant radial electric field. The Dirac equation for this configuration does not allow analytical solutions in terms of known special functions. The results are obtained by using both the WKB approximation and the exact diagonalization and shooting methods. It is shown that the collapse occurs for positive values of the total angular momentum quantum number, the hole (electron)-like Landau levels collapse as the electric field reaches the value $ +(-) E_c/2$. The investigation of the Landau level collapse in the case of gapped graphene shows a number of distinctive features in comparison with the gapless case.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures; final version published in PRB
Vetting the Lobster Diagram: Searching for Unseen Companions in Wide Binaries using NASA Space Exoplanet Missions
Creators: name: Hartman, Zachary
name: Lépine, Sébastien
name: Medan, Ilija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, the number of known wide binary systems has exponentially expanded thanks to the release of data from the Gaia Mission. Some of these wide binary systems are actually higher-order multiples, where one of the components is an unresolved binary itself. One way to search for these systems is by identifying overluminous components in the systems. In this study, we examine 4947 K+K wide binary pairs from the SUPERWIDE catalog and quantify the relative color and luminosity of the components to find evidence for additional, unresolved companions. The method is best illustrated in a graph we call the "Lobster diagram." To confirm that the identified overluminous components are close binary systems, we cross-match our wide binaries with the TESS, K2 and Kepler archives and search for the signs of eclipses and fast stellar rotation modulation in the light curves. We find that $78.9\%\pm20.7\%$ of the wide binaries which contain an eclipsing system are identified to be overluminous in the "Lobster Diagram" and $73.5\%\pm12.4\%$ of the wide binaries which contain a component showing fast rotation ($P<5$) days also show an overluminous component. From these results, we calculate a revised lower limit on the higher-order multiplicity fraction for K+K wide binaries of $40.0\%\pm1.6\%$. We also examine the higher-order multiplicity fraction as a function of projected physical separation and metallicity. The fraction is unusually constant as a function of projected physical separation while we see no statistically significant evidence that the fraction varies with metallicity.
description: Submitted and accepted to ApJ
Emergency Planning and Disaster Preparedness, Submission to the Disability Royal Commission
Creators: name: KAVENAGH, MELLISSA
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
name: Smith-Merry, Jennifer
name: Villeneuve, Michelle
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: PETRIE, DENNIS
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Social policy
Welfare economics

description:
This is a joint submission from the Centre for Disability Research and Policy and Centre of Research Excellence Disability and Health to the Issues Paper: Emergency Planning and Response, Royal Commission XXXXX

Submission made to the Disability Royal Commission, July 2020

Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/
Submission to the Disability Royal Commission on Emergency Planning and Disaster Preparedness
Creators: name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
name: Smith-Merry, Jennifer
name: Villeneuve, Michelle
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: PETRIE, DENNIS
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Social policy
Welfare economics
Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law

description: This is a joint submission from the Centre for Disability Research and Policy and Centre of Research Excellence Disability and Health to the Issues Paper: Emergency Planning and Response, to the Disability Royal Commission on 17 July 2020. The emergency situation in Australia during the 2019-2020 bushfire season and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic together have brought into sharp relief Australia’s lack of preparedness for severe to catastrophic emergencies affecting the nation.  While this impacts all Australians, the impact is evidentially higher on people with disability.
They are more likely to be vulnerable due to: · social isolation from the broader population whether because of community attitudes or their need for communication, language, mobility, emotional or other supports; · residing in closed or segregated settings, geographical remoteness (and consequent lack of access to available, affordable and accessible information, support and services); · relying on particular services and supports for daily activities and care and for access to services and less likely to have the flexibility to adjust to disruptions or closure of the supports needed for everyday routines; · age-related additional vulnerabilities for children and young people with disability relying on family and for older persons with disability who may no longer have family to whom they can turn for support; · impairment-related vulnerabilities for example, people with intellectual disability or autism who rely on stable, consistent supports and routines which will be disrupted; · in pandemics, inability to physically distance and multiple close contacts because of reliance on personal care for activities of daily living for some people with disability; · in pandemics, particular health conditions that lead to specific vulnerabilities if the person becomes infected or ill (unrelated to the pandemic); and, · in natural hazard disasters such as bushfires and floods, particular health conditions that lead to specific vulnerabilities in reaction to, for example, poor quality air and smoke hazards, or inability to access treatments that they rely on. The situation is magnified for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with disability. Aboriginal people are over-represented in the national rates of chronic health and disease, with other disabilities coexisting with mental health problems at a higher rate than the rest of the population.
We now need a disability specific and disability responsive approach coordinated at a national level.

 Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/
Precession and Jitter in FRB 180916B
Creators: name: Katz, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent CHIME/FRB observations of the periodic repeating FRB 180916B have produced a homogeneous sample of 44 bursts. These permit a redetermination of the modulation period and phase window, in agreement with earlier results. If the periodicity results from the precession of an accretion disc, in analogy with those of Her X-1, SS 433, and many other superorbital periods, the width of the observable phase window indicates that the disc axis jitters by an angle of about 0.14 of the inclination angle, similar to the ratio of 0.14 in the well-observed jittering jet source SS 433.
description: 3 pp., 3 figs Minor changes and added and corrected references
Submission to the Disability Royal Commission on Emergency Planning and Disaster Preparedness
Creators: name: KAVENAGH, MELLISSA
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
name: Smith-Merry, Jennifer
name: Villeneuve, Michelle
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: PETRIE, DENNIS
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Social policy
Welfare economics
Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law

description: This is a joint submission from the Centre for Disability Research and Policy and Centre of Research Excellence Disability and Health to the Issues Paper: Emergency Planning and Response, to the Disability Royal Commission on 17 July 2020. The emergency situation in Australia during the 2019-2020 bushfire season and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic together have brought into sharp relief Australia’s lack of preparedness for severe to catastrophic emergencies affecting the nation.  While this impacts all Australians, the impact is evidentially higher on people with disability.
They are more likely to be vulnerable due to: · social isolation from the broader population whether because of community attitudes or their need for communication, language, mobility, emotional or other supports; · residing in closed or segregated settings, geographical remoteness (and consequent lack of access to available, affordable and accessible information, support and services); · relying on particular services and supports for daily activities and care and for access to services and less likely to have the flexibility to adjust to disruptions or closure of the supports needed for everyday routines; · age-related additional vulnerabilities for children and young people with disability relying on family and for older persons with disability who may no longer have family to whom they can turn for support; · impairment-related vulnerabilities for example, people with intellectual disability or autism who rely on stable, consistent supports and routines which will be disrupted; · in pandemics, inability to physically distance and multiple close contacts because of reliance on personal care for activities of daily living for some people with disability; · in pandemics, particular health conditions that lead to specific vulnerabilities if the person becomes infected or ill (unrelated to the pandemic); and, · in natural hazard disasters such as bushfires and floods, particular health conditions that lead to specific vulnerabilities in reaction to, for example, poor quality air and smoke hazards, or inability to access treatments that they rely on. The situation is magnified for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with disability. Aboriginal people are over-represented in the national rates of chronic health and disease, with other disabilities coexisting with mental health problems at a higher rate than the rest of the population.
We now need a disability specific and disability responsive approach coordinated at a national level.

 Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/
Consequences of the lack of azimuthal freedom in the modeling of lensing galaxies
Creators: name: Van de Vyvere, Lyne
name: Sluse, Dominique
name: Gomer, Matthew R.
name: Mukherjee, Sampath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive elliptical galaxies can display structures that deviate from a pure elliptical shape, such as a twist of the principal axis or variations in the axis ratio with galactocentric distance. Although satisfactory lens modeling is generally achieved without accounting for these azimuthal structures, the question about their impact on inferred lens parameters remains, in particular, on time delays as they are used in time-delay cosmography. This paper aims at characterizing these effects and quantifying their impact considering realistic amplitudes of the variations. We achieved this goal by creating mock lensing galaxies with morphologies based on two data sets: observational data of local elliptical galaxies, and hydrodynamical simulations of elliptical galaxies at a typical lens redshift. We then simulated images of the lensing systems with space-based data quality and modeled them in a standard way to assess the impact of a lack of azimuthal freedom in the lens model. We find that twists in lensing galaxies are easily absorbed in homoeidal lens models by a change in orientation of the lens up to 10° with respect to the reference orientation at the Einstein radius, and of the shear by up to 20° with respect to the input shear orientation. The ellipticity gradients, on the other hand, can introduce a substantial amount of shear that may impact the radial mass model and consequently bias $H_0$, up to 10 km/s/Mpc. However, we find that light is a good tracer of azimuthal structures, meaning that direct imaging should be capable of diagnosing their presence. This in turn implies that such a large bias is unlikely to be unaccounted for in standard modeling practices. Furthermore, the overall impact of twists and ellipticity gradients averages out at a population level. For the galaxy populations we considered, the cosmological inference remains unbiased.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 19 pages
Incentivos fiscales en I+D y decisiones de innovación
Creators: name: Corchuelo Martínez-Azúa, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Asociación Libre de Economía
Year: 2006

description: Este artículo analiza la eficacia de los incentivos fiscales a la I+D sobre la inversión privada de las empresas a través de dos decisiones: realizar o no actividades de I+D y el esfuerzo tecnológico de las empresas que las llevan a cabo. El ejercicio empírico mide el coste de capital con incentivos fiscales de las inversiones en I+D y estudia el impacto de esta variable sobre las dos decisiones apuntadas utilizando una muestra representativa de empresas manufactureras españolas en el periodo 1990-1998.El resultado del ejercicio muestra un efecto positivo de los incentivos fiscales que parece ser mayor en la decisión de realización, especialmente en las pequeñas empresas, que en la del esfuerzo. Se observa, además, que la eficacia de los incentivos fiscales aumenta en las dos decisiones en las empresas que presentan restricciones de liquidez.