cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The in situ mechanics of cells in the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc
Creators: name: Bruehlmann, Sabina Bernadette
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 134-160
description: Cells of the intervertebral disc are sparse, yet they are responsible for the secretion and organization of the extracellular matrix. Mechanical factors in vivo and in vitro influence the metabolic activity of the cells, altering the expression of key extracellular matrix molecules. Understanding the mechanobiological response is crucial to our elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved in disc degeneration and disease. However, the basic mechanisms that govern mechanical and biological interactions in situ are largely unknown. Using novel techniques of confocal microscopy, this dissertation has established that the in situ mechanical environment of cells from the annulus fibrosus cannot be directly inferred from tissue loads due to the morphological and micromechanical complexities of the cell and tissue matrix. With a systematic histological investigation, an extensive cellular matrix was described; with, variations in cell shape, arrangement of cellular processes and cytoskeletal architecture found both within and between the defined zones of the outer and inner annulus. Notably, the distinct morphology of cells from the interlamellar septae was identified and described. The in situ mechanical environment of these cells contrasted that of the cells within the lamellar layers. The interlamellar cells experienced a shear environment from the relative motion of the adjacent lamellar layers, while cells within the lamellar layer appeared protected via sliding of the collagen fibrils within the surrounding matrix. The in situ mechanical environment of cells was, therefore, found to be governed by micro and macro structural complexities of the collagen matrix. The detailed understanding of the in situ mechanical and morphological environment of the cells is essential to establishing the role of mechanical loads in low back pain and disc degeneration, and in determining the mechanotransduction mechanisms whereby these loads can alter the expression of matrix molecules. This dissertation provides the first direct knowledge of how mechanical loads applied to the whole disc are transferred to the cells in situ.
Dynamical locality of the nonminimally coupled scalar field and enlarged algebra of Wick polynomials
Creators: name: Ferguson, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss dynamical locality in two locally covariant quantum field theories, the nonminimally coupled scalar field and the enlarged algebra of Wick polynomials. We calculate the relative Cauchy evolution of the enlarged algebra, before demonstrating that dynamical locality holds in the nonminimally coupled scalar field theory. We also establish dynamical locality in the enlarged algebra for the minimally coupled massive case and the conformally coupled massive case.
description: 39pp
Public-izing infrastructure: an urban ball/park in Portland, Oregon
Creators: name: Brygidyr, Colby Gordon
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 118-121
description: Some pages are oversized.
description: Sport venues are changing, but in the case of baseball, the approach has been to modernize past examples instead of look to the future. While a number of recent ballparks have gone back to urban centres, the movement towards a more appropriate response to the current conditions of today's urban society has not been made. This project specifically considered the case of Portland, Oregon and the city's desire to build a major league ballpark. Through an understanding of the social and economic issues associated with ballparks and baseball in the urban environment as well as the analysis of the three precedent studies, specific design principles and strategies (scale, boundaries, connections) were embraced as a foundation for the analysis of the site and the design of an urban ballpark in Portland. The goal of the project became to incorporate community program into the structure of the ballpark, trying to make a ballpark multi-use in the way in which it incorporates a variety of program apart from a typical ballpark. The intention of the design is to create a ballpark typology which is an active 24-hour hub of community use and ballpark, where a large private baseball facility is able to be used throughout the year, by a variety of user groups and activities.
Molecular Magnetocapacitance
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Ning
name: Zhang, Xiao-Guang
name: Cheng, Hai-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Capacitance of a nanoscale system is usually thought of having two contributions, a classical electrostatic contribution and a quantum contribution dependent on the density of states and/or molecular orbitals close to the Fermi energy. In this letter we demonstrate that in molecular nano-magnets and other magnetic nanoscale systems, the quantum part of the capacitance becomes spin-dependent, and is tunable by an external magnetic field. This molecular magnetocapacitance can be realized using single molecule nano-magnets and/or other nano-structures that have antiferromagnetic ground states. As a proof of principle, first-principles calculation of the nano-magnet [Mn3O(sao)3(O2CMe)(H2O)(py)3] shows that the charging energy of the high-spin state is 260 meV lower than that of the low-spin state, yielding a 6% difference in capacitance. A magnetic field of ~40T can switch the spin state, thus changing the molecular capacitance. A smaller switching field may be achieved using nanostructures whose physical properties such as magnetic moment are size-dependent. Molecular magnetocapacitance may lead to revolutionary device designs, e.g., by exploiting the Coulomb blockade magnetoresistance whereby a small change in capacitance can lead to a huge change in resistance.
description: 18 pages and 4 figures
An exploration of community development: theory and practice
Creators: name: Burger, Cynthia L.
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 116-117
description: This discussion of Community Development (CD) is offered to provide some insight into the worldview of practitioners as theorists and educators. The CD community is explored through an examination of conferences, using participant observation, surveys and interviews. The conference community is interpreted as a microcosm of the larger society and used as a context to identify issues in CD theory, planning and practice. It discusses how CD practitioners conceptualize their social, institutional and personal environments, and their encounters with those who are poor, elderly, and/or disabled. A literature review of CD is provided, that describes planning and adult education approaches. A descriptive analysis and a rich description of the research findings follow. Finally, there is the discussion of research results, and recommendations. Suggestions for future research are included. KEY WORDS: Community development, conference, planning, practitioner
Light-bending tests of Lorentz invariance
Creators: name: Tso, Rhondale
name: Bailey, Quentin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical light bending is investigated for weak gravitational fields in the presence of hypothetical local Lorentz violation. Using an effective field theory framework that describes general deviations from local Lorentz invariance, we derive a modified deflection angle for light passing near a massive body. The results include anisotropic effects not present for spherical sources in General Relativity as well as Weak Equivalence Principle violation. We develop an expression for the relative deflection of two distant stars that can be used to analyze data in past and future solar-system observations. The measurement sensitivities of such tests to coefficients for Lorentz violation are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Four-Photon Quantum Interferometry at a Telecom Wavelength
Creators: name: Yabuno, Masahiro
name: Shimizu, Ryosuke
name: Mitsumori, Yasuyoshi
name: Kosaka, Hideo
name: Edamatsu, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental demonstration of four-photon quantum interference using telecom-wavelength photons. Realization of multi-photon quantum interference is essential to linear optics quantum information processing and measurement-based quantum computing. We have developed a source that efficiently emits photon pairs in a pure spectrotemporal mode at a telecom wavelength region, and have demonstrated the quantum interference exhibiting the reduced fringe intervals that correspond to the reduced de Broglie wavelength of up to the four photon `NOON' state. Our result should open a path to practical quantum information processing using telecom-wavelength photons.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Transverse deflecting cavities
Creators: name: Burt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse deflecting cavities are used for a number of applications in modern accelerators. In this paper we discuss the fields of these cavities, some of their applications, and some important aspects of their design.
description: 11 pages, contribution to the CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Specialised Course on RF for Accelerators; 8 - 17 Jun 2010, Ebeltoft, Denmark
Beti, Kane et Ba Kobhio parlent: trois discours sur l'education
Creators: name: Burger, Sturmhard
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 117-120
description: Nous appuyant sur l'idée du récit littéraire comme discours qui « sait », nous explorons trois romans africains où l'importance du savoir et de sa dissémination est étudiée: Mission terminée, L'Aventure ambiguë et Sango Malo. Le thème prométhéen s'engage dans les romans dans lesquels le protagoniste est envoyé à l'extérieur pour chercher dans l'éducation un moyen de survie culturelle. De là nous distinguons trois dynamismes profondément liés, l'éducation, le savoir et l'identité. Nous notons également que l'éducation, par l'activation des données empiriques ou métaphysiques, amène à un « positivisme éducatif ». Cependant, en suivant les parcours narratifs romanesques, nous notons certains écarts entre les discours « officiel » et un « autre » de la misère qui nous amènent vers l'image du « colonisé ». En déconstruisant les récits, nous nous permettons de tirer quelques conclusions afin de dégager, si possible, un nouveau discours sur l'éducation fondé sur la parole.
Evaluation of Thermal Imaging Technology for Commercial Vehicle Screening
Creators: name: Walton, Jennifer R.
name: Spellman, Mark S.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Transportation engineering

description: Brake and tire violations are common problems identified through commercial vehicle inspections. Identifying and correcting these types of problems before a crash occurs can produce significant safety benefits. Thermal imaging technology can be used by commercial vehicle enforcement to screen vehicles as they approach a weigh station to determine if they may have flat tires and inoperable brakes. The vehicles do not have to be stopped at a weigh station to be screened. Kentucky currently has three stations outfitted with thermal imaging technology. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the benefits of using the thermal imaging cameras to identify brake and tire problems and to develop recommendations for how enforcement personnel can receive the most benefits from this technology. The data presented in this report include: 1) a summary of previous research, 2) evaluations of the technology, 3) on-site data collection at a Kentucky weigh station, 4) an interview with one of Kentucky’s primary users of the technology, and 5) an analysis of Kentucky inspection data, specifically, brake and tire violations and vehicle out-of-service (OOS) rates. A Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) evaluation concluded that the OOS rate for vehicles pinpointed via thermal imaging camera systems was 59 percent, whereas the OOS rate for conventional inspection was only 19 percent. Facilities with a thermal imaging system recorded a higher percentage of tire and brake violations per inspection as well as a higher vehicle out-of-service (VOOS) rate than facilities without a thermal imaging camera. However, the effectiveness of thermal imaging technology was significantly influenced by whether law enforcement embraced it as well as by inspectors’ proficiency operating the systems. This study recommends that enforcement staff who can access thermal imaging technology receive periodic training on its operation, then graduate to a practicum that lets them use the technology under expert supervision. Promotional materials that highlight the value of thermal imaging technologies should be distributed to all Kentucky enforcement personnel. In addition, methods and enforcement mechanisms should be identified so that personnel can be held accountable for using the technology.
Entropy estimation in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Deller, Yannick
name: Gärttner, Martin
name: Haas, Tobias
name: Oberthaler, Markus K.
name: Reh, Moritz
name: Strobel, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the information extractable from measurement distributions of two non-commuting spin observables in a multi-well spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. We provide a variety of analytic and numerical evidence that suitably chosen classical entropies and classical mutual informations thereof contain the typical feature of quantum entropies known in quantum field theories, that is, the area law, even in the non-Gaussian regime and for a non-zero temperature. Towards a feasible experimental implementation, we estimate entropic quantities from a finite number of samples without any additional assumptions on the underlying quantum state using k-nearest neighbor estimators.
description: 25 pages, v2 with minor changes, published version
Classification of real three-dimensional Poisson-Lie groups
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Blasco, Alfonso
name: Musso, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B63, 17B37, 17B62, 17B80

description: All real three dimensional Poisson-Lie groups are explicitly constructed and fully classified under group automorphisms by making use of their one-to-one correspondence with the complete classification of real three-dimensional Lie bialgebras given in [X. Gomez, J. Math. Phys. vol. 41, p. 4939 (2000)]. Many of these 3D Poisson-Lie groups are non-coboundary structures, whose Poisson brackets are given here for the first time. Casimir functions for all three-dimensional PL groups are given, and some features of several PL structures are commented.
description: 25 pages
An agent-based model of the Lac Operon
Creators: name: Burleigh, Ian George
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 59-62
description: The lactose (lac) operon is a prototypical gene regulatory system. This thesis describes a three-dimensional, agent-based, visual computer model of the lac operon. The reader is provided with relevant background knowledge from the fields of molecular biology, agent-based systems, and computer graphics, followed by a description of the model construction. The model simulates important structures and events of the lactose operon in a cell environment. Cellular elements, such as RNA polymerase, messenger RNA, synthesized proteins, etc., are represented by independent, situated agents with physical properties, acting in a decentralized fashion. From interactions of the agents emerge observable and measurable, complex real-time dynamics of the modelled system. A running simulation can be viewed in 3-D on a computer screen or stereoscopic 3-D in the CAVE® virtual immersive environment, potentially serving as a valuable teaching and experimental tool.
Constraints on the Topology of the Universe: Extension to General Geometries
Creators: name: Vaudrevange, Pascal M.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
name: Cornish, Neil J.
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update to the search for a non-trivial topology of the universe by searching for matching circle pairs in the cosmic microwave background using the WMAP 7 year data release. We extend the exisiting bounds to encompass a wider range of possible topologies by searching for matching circle pairs with opening angles 10 degree < α< 90 degree and separation angles 11 degree < θ< 180 degree. The extended search reveal two small anomalous regions in the CMB sky. Numerous pairs of well-matched circles are found where both circles pass through one or the other of those regions. As this is not the signature of any known manifold, but is a likely consequence of contamination in those sky regions, we repeat the search excluding circle pairs where both pass through either of the two regions. We then find no statistically significant pairs of matched circles, and so no hints of a non-trivial topology. The absence of matched circles increases the lower limit on the length of the shortest closed null geodesic that self-intersects at our location in the universe (equivalently the injectivity radius at our location) to 98.5% of the diameter of the last scattering surface or approximately 26 Gpc. It extends the limit to any manifolds in which the intersecting arcs of said geodesic form an angle greater than 10^o.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Rhodacarus longisetosus Shcherbak 1980
Creators: name: Castilho, Raphael C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
name: Halliday, Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Rhodacaridae
Rhodacarus
Rhodacarus longisetosus

description: 136. Rhodacarus longisetosus Shcherbak, 1980
 Rhodacarus (Rhodacarus) furmanae longisetosus Shcherbak, 1980: 64.
 Rhodacarus longisetosus.— Karg, 1993: 332.
TYPE DEPOSITORY: Institute of Zoology and Biology of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (AUAS), Kiev, Ukraine.
TYPE LOCALITY AND HABITAT: Ukraine, Alushta, Crimea, 16 November 1960, in soil under stone.
description: Published as part of Castilho, Raphael C., De Moraes, Gilberto J. & Halliday, Bruce, 2012, 3471, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 3471 on page 48
Introduction of biogenic carbon into sustainable aviation fuels: applying aldol condensation and selective hydrodeoxygenation technologies to oxygenated bio-intermediates.
Creators: name: Smith, Ben
name: Casson, Annika
name: Scalzullo, Stefania
name: Baucherel, Xavier
name: Dussan, Karla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presented at the 9th EuChemS Chemistry Congress, Dublin, 10th July 2024.
Leading-order calculation of hadronic contributions to the muon $g-2$ using the Dyson-Schwinger approach
Creators: name: Goecke, Tobias
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Williams, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) tensor within the framework of Dyson--Schwinger equations. To this end we use a well-established phenomenological model for the quark-gluon interaction with parameters fixed to reproduce hadronic observables. From the HVP tensor we compute both the Adler function and the HVP contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $a_μ$. We find $a_μ^{HVP}= 6760\times 10^{-11}$ which deviates about two percent from the value extracted from experiment. Additionally, we make comparison with a recent lattice determination of $a_μ^{HVP}$ and find good agreement within our approach. We also discuss the implications of our result for a corresponding calculation of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to $a_μ$.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Structure-function studies of novel K+ -dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchangers
Creators: name: Cai, Xinjiang
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 203-244
description: Plasma membrane K -dependent Na /Ca exchangers (NCKX) are believed to play a crucial role in mediating Ca2+ efflux in a wide range of tissues. This activity is encoded by a multigene family of at least five members that share sequence similarity in two internally homologous domains known as the a-repeats. The a-repeats are believed to form the ion binding sites for translocation. I have explored the structure-function relationship of the rat brain NCKX2 exchanger. Two important Cys residues were identified to be critical for stabilizing protein structure. Using an introduced epitope I demonstrated that the protein C-terminus was extracellularly exposed in intact cells. A new topological model for NCKX2 has been presented, which is different from the initial model for NCKX exchangers. NCKX2 could be labeled with biotin maleimide only following application of (3-mercaptoethanol. NCKX2 activity was also enhanced by (3-mercaptoethanol. A critical residue Cys-395 in the large intracellular loop was found to underlie the redox-dependent labeling and functional stimulation. Although NCKX2 associates as an oligomer, this interaction does not require Cys-395. I have isolated a novel cDNA clone encoding NCKX6 from mouse thymus. NCKX6 is a structurally more divergent, and distantly related, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger member compared with other known exchangers. Identification of many NCKX6 paralogs from lower organisms suggested NCKX6 might have evolved independently from the other NCKX members in the Na /Ca exchanger superfamily. A splice variant with a truncated C-terminal hydrophobic exchanger domain, but not the full-length clone, could reach the plasma membrane when expressed in HEK-293 cells. This NCKX6 isoform exhibited K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity. Immunofluorescence staining using a polyclonal NCKX6-specific antibody demonstrated strong fluorescence labeling at the cell surface in native cells. The full-length NCKX6 and its splice variants are expressed in every tissue examined and their relative expression levels were compared. I have performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the cation/Ca2+ exchanger superfamily, integrating genomic, functional, structural and evolutionary information. Our data defined five major protein families, each with a distinct evolutionary relationship and unique signature motifs. These findings may provide guides for future studies concerning the structure-to-function relationship and evolutionary origins of the cation/Ca2+ exchangers.
Externally-driven transmission and collisions of domain walls in ferromagnetic wires
Creators: name: Janutka, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical multi-domain solutions to the dynamical (Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert) equation of a one-dimensional ferromagnet including an external magnetic field and spin-polarized electric current are found using the Hirota bilinearization method. A standard approach to solve the Landau-Lifshitz equation (without the Gilbert term) is modified in order to treat the dissipative dynamics. I establish the relations between the spin interaction parameters (the constants of exchange, anisotropy, dissipation, external-field intensity, and electric-current intensity) and the domain-wall parameters (width and velocity) and compare them to the results of the Walker approximation and micromagnetic simulations. The domain-wall motion driven by a longitudinal external field is analyzed with especial relevance to the field-induced collision of two domain walls. I determine the result of such a collision (which is found to be the elastic one) on the domain-wall parameters below and above the Walker breakdown (in weak- and strong-field regimes). Single-domain-wall dynamics in the presence of an external transverse field is studied with relevance to the challenge of increasing the domain-wall velocity below the breakdown.
Exploring the structural regularities in networks
Creators: name: Shen, Hua-Wei
name: Cheng, Xue-Qi
name: Guo, Jia-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of exploring structural regularities of networks by dividing the nodes of a network into groups such that the members of each group have similar patterns of connections to other groups. Specifically, we propose a general statistical model to describe network structure. In this model, group is viewed as hidden or unobserved quantity and it is learned by fitting the observed network data using the expectation-maximization algorithm. Compared with existing models, the most prominent strength of our model is the high flexibility. This strength enables it to possess the advantages of existing models and overcomes their shortcomings in a unified way. As a result, not only broad types of structure can be detected without prior knowledge of what type of intrinsic regularities exist in the network, but also the type of identified structure can be directly learned from data. Moreover, by differentiating outgoing edges from incoming edges, our model can detect several types of structural regularities beyond competing models. Tests on a number of real world and artificial networks demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art model at shedding light on the structural features of networks, including the overlapping community structure, multipartite structure and several other types of structure which are beyond the capability of existing models.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Spatial variability of slab stability and fracture properties in avalanche start zones
Creators: name: Campbell, Cameron Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 144-150
description: During the winters of 2003 and 2004, 705 rutschblock tests in 29 separate arrays, and 930 prototype fracture propagation tests in 23 separate arrays were performed. Slopes with sources of variability typical of avalanche start zones were selected for the array sites. Fracture properties such as propagation energy, fracture character and release type, for rutschblock tests, were found to be less variable than stability. Correlation analysis with snowpack and terrain variables measured for each rutschblock test revealed that varying slab thickness and slope angle are major causes of spatial variability of point stability. Correlation analysis with snowpack and terrain variables measured for each propagation test revealed that varying weak layer thickness and depth is a major cause of variability of propagation energy. Ultimately, spatial variability is influenced by a combination of various causal processes with different scales and is, therefore, difficult to assess with current methods
Distribution, census and habitat preferences of primate species in the Dahomey Gap (West Africa), with particular emphasis on the Red-bellied Guenon (Cercopithecus erythrogaster erythrogaster)
Creators: name: Campbell, Genevieve
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 103-114
description: Some pages are in colour
description: The Dahomey Gap, a forest-savanna mosaic found in Togo and Benin, creates a discontinuity in the lowland forest zone of West Africa. Few primate studies have been conducted in this area. This study was intended to 1) survey diurnal primate species present in the Dahomey Gap; 2) evaluate two methods for censusing red-bellied guenons (Cercopithecus erythrogaster erythrogaster); and 3) compare primate community structure in different forest types in southern Benin. During this study: 1) seven diurnal primate species were found in Togo and seven in Benin; 2) a higher population estimate for the redbellied guenon was derived with the point count method than for the line transect method, and 3) differing structures in primate communities were correlated with the different habitat types. The results from this study can be used in the elaboration of management plans for this region.
A more appropriate Protein Classification using Data Mining
Creators: name: Rahman, Muhammad Mahbubur
name: Alam, Arif Ul
name: Abdullah-Al-Mamun
name: Mursalin, Tamnun E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research in bioinformatics is a complex phenomenon as it overlaps two knowledge domains, namely, biological and computer sciences. This paper has tried to introduce an efficient data mining approach for classifying proteins into some useful groups by representing them in hierarchy tree structure. There are several techniques used to classify proteins but most of them had few drawbacks on their grouping. Among them the most efficient grouping technique is used by PSIMAP. Even though PSIMAP (Protein Structural Interactome Map) technique was successful to incorporate most of the protein but it fails to classify the scale free property proteins. Our technique overcomes this drawback and successfully maps all the protein in different groups, including the scale free property proteins failed to group by PSIMAP. Our approach selects the six major attributes of protein: a) Structure comparison b) Sequence Comparison c) Connectivity d) Cluster Index e) Interactivity f) Taxonomic to group the protein from the databank by generating a hierarchal tree structure. The proposed approach calculates the degree (probability) of similarity of each protein newly entered in the system against of existing proteins in the system by using probability theorem on each six properties of proteins.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures, 7 tables. arXiv admin note: some text overlap with articles written by other authors, http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/15/3234.full , http://www.oxfordjournals.org/nar/database/summary/616 , http://www.jsbi.org/pdfs/journal1/GIW01/GIW01F14.pdf
An Updated Look at Binary Characteristics of Massive Stars in the Cygnus OB2 Association
Creators: name: Kiminki, Daniel C.
name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work provides a statistical analysis of the massive star binary characteristics in the Cygnus OB2 Association using radial velocity information of 114 B3-O3 primary stars and orbital properties for the 24 known binaries. We compare these data to a series of Monte Carlo simulations to infer the intrinsic binary fraction and distributions of mass ratios, periods, and eccentricities. We model the distribution of mass ratio, log-period, and eccentricity as power-laws and find best fitting indices of alpha=0.1+/-0.5, beta=0.2+/-0.4, and gamma=-0.6+/-0.3 respectively. These distributions indicate a preference for massive companions, short periods, and low eccentricities. Our analysis indicates that the binary fraction of the cluster is 44+/-8% if all binary systems are (artificially) assumed to have P<1000 days; if the power-law period distribution is extrapolated to 10^4 years, a plausible upper limit for bound systems, the binary fraction is ~90+/-10%. Of these binary (or higher order) systems, ~45% will have companions close enough to interact during pre- or post-main-sequence evolution (semi-major axis ~/<4.7 AU). The period distribution for P<27 days is not well reproduced by any single power-law owing to an excess of systems with periods around 3-5 days (0.08-0.31 AU) and a relative shortage of systems with periods around 7-14 days (0.14-0.62 AU). We explore the idea that these longer-period systems evolved to produce the observed excess of short-period systems. The best fitting binary parameters imply that secondaries generate, on average, ~16% of the V-band light in young massive populations. This means that photometrically based distance measurements for young massive clusters & associations will be systematically low by ~8% (0.16 mag in the distance modulus) if the luminous contributions of unresolved secondaries are not taken into account.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 41 pages, 14 figures
Elastic properties of three-dimensional Yukawa or dust crystals from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Kumar, Sandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the calculation of elastic properties of three-dimensional Yukawa or dust crystals using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The elastic properties are computed by deforming (compressing/expanding) the dust crystals along different directions. The stress and strain of the deformed crystal are used to calculate elastic properties. The bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio are determined as a function of shielding parameter $κ$ and strong coupling parameter $Γ$. The bulk and shear modulus values at 0 K temperature are consistent with the previous literature results, while the finite-temperature results are new. The finite-temperature bulk modulus of Yukawa crystals is found to be higher than that of 0 K crystals. The shear modulus of the Yukawa solids decreases nonlinearly near the solid-liquid boundary in the premelting region. The Poisson's ratio of Yukawa crystals changes sharply at the solid-liquid boundary, emphasizing its potential for identifying phase transitions and assessing incompressibility in Yukawa systems. The bulk and shear moduli calculated in this paper are useful for determining accurate values of sound and shear velocity in Yukawa systems across a wide range of the ($κ$, $Γ$) parameter space.
An examination of Hayek's hypothesis on entrepreneurial discovery
Creators: name: Campbell, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 57-60
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: I examine Hayek's 1968 hypothesis on competition as a discovery mechanism. This study attempts to create an experiment to support the work of Hayek in respect to how subjects discover their relative ability level, using a skill-based market entry games. I applied a variation of the market entry game which Camerer and Lovallo (1999) used to show overconfidence in subjects. By adding feedback relating to their performance allowed subjects to 'discover' information concerning their relative ability level. As the experiment progresses, there is clear evidence that skill level does influence the entry decision of subjects. This leads to the conclusion that Hayek's hypothesis is supported through this experiment.
Electroweak baryogenesis
Creators: name: Morrissey, David E.
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) remains a theoretically attractive and experimentally testable scenario for explaining the cosmic baryon asymmetry. We review recent progress in computations of the baryon asymmetry within this framework and discuss their phenomenological consequences. We pay particular attention to methods for analyzing the electroweak phase transition and calculating CP-violating asymmetries, the development of Standard Model extensions that may provide the necessary ingredients for EWBG, and searches for corresponding signatures at the high energy, intensity, and cosmological frontiers.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures, invited review for the New Journal of Physics focus issue on 'Origin of Matter'
Au/TiO2(110) interfacial reconstruction stability from ab initio
Creators: name: Yu, Min
name: Trinkle, Dallas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the stability and properties of interfaces of low-index Au surfaces adhered to TiO2(110), using density functional theory energy density calculations. We consider Au(100) and Au(111) epitaxies on rutile TiO2(110) surface, as observed in experiments. For each epitaxy, we consider several different interfaces: Au(111)//TiO2(110) and Au(100)//TiO2(110), with and without bridging oxygen, Au(111) on 1x2 added-row TiO2(110) reconstruction, and Au(111) on a proposed 1x2 TiO reconstruction. The density functional theory energy density method computes the energy changes on each of the atoms while forming the interface, and evaluates the work of adhesion to determine the equilibrium interfacial structure.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
On the security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol
Creators: name: Cannings, Richard
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 161-166
description: The BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol enables two authenticated parties to generate a secret key over an insecure quantum channel. Using a standardized security definition, we prove that BB84 is secure and include explicit bounds on its security. Furthermore, our use of quantum circuit diagrams simplify the Shor-Preskill proof. Namely, we can reduce the Modified Lo-Chau QKD to a practical version of BB84 using the observation from Shor and Preskill that one may ignore a correctable number of phase errors, and the fact that computational basis measurements commute with controls of CNOT operations. The first four chapters provide the required background material on quantum computing, information theory, cryptography, coding theory, and quantum error correcting codes. Chapter 5 presents protocols for entanglement purification. Chapter 6 reduces an entanglement purification protocol to the Modified Lo-Chau QKD, and proves that it is secure. Finally, a reduction from the Modified Lo-Chau QKD to BB84 establishes the security of the latter.
Hugh Falconer: Botanist, palaeontologist, controversialist
Creators: name: Murray, Timothy
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430107
subject: Historical archaeology (incl. industrial archaeology)

description: Though mostly based on the analysis of Falconer’s work and that of his contemporaries such as Sir Charles Lyell (1797–1876), Sir Joseph Prestwich (1812–1896), Sir John Evans (1823–1908) and Sir John Lubbock (1834–1913), my very brief observations sample some of Falconer’s letters, and those of his niece (and companion) Grace Milne (1832–1899), later Lady Prestwich, and the correspondence of scientific luminaries such as Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and Sir Joseph Hooker (1817–1911), to gain a clearer picture of his complex social and cultural milieu. Given the range of Falconer’s interests, this chapter represents only a very brief portrayal of what really amounts to the several lives of a Victorian polymath.
Comparison of an aquatic exercise program and a land-based exercise program for persons with mulitiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Carcary, Kimberly Dawn
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 79-88
description: Exercise may assist in the management of symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), and help to attenuate losses in functional ability. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether aquatic and land-based exercise programs could improve physiological and psychological variables in persons with MS, and whether aquatic or land-based exercise provided a greater benefit. Six women with MS were randomly assigned to 16 weeks of land-based exercise, aquatic exercise, or a control group. Participants were evaluated pre- and post-training for changes in aerobic power, handgrip strength, lower extremity muscular strength and endurance, 200-metre walk, and the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). Aerobic power improvement ranged from 0% to 10.2%, and notably both exercise groups improved their 200-metre walk time (6.8% -19.5%). The aquatic exercise group showed specific improvements in left leg muscular endurance (10.0% - 66.7%). Total fatigue and physical fatigue were reduced (25.2% -41.4%; 21.1 % - 33.3%, respectively) in most of the participants. It is recommended that the effects of land-based and aquatic exercise programs be investigated further with an increased number of participants with MS.
Externally-driven collisions of domain walls in bistable systems near criticality
Creators: name: Janutka, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-domain solutions to the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation in presence of an external field are analyzed using the Hirota bilinearization method. Domain-wall collisions are studied in detail considering different regimes of the critical parameter. I show the dynamics of the Ising and Bloch domain walls of the Ginzburg-Landau equation in the bistable regime to be similar to that of the Landau-Lifshitz domain walls. Domain-wall reflections lead to the appearance of bubble and pattern structures. Above the Bloch-Ising transition point, spatial structures are determined by the collisions of fronts propagating into an unstable state. Mutual annihilation of such fronts is described.
Pulsar Spin--Velocity Alignment: Further Results and Discussion
Creators: name: Noutsos, Aristeidis
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Carr, Paul
name: Johnston, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reported alignment between the projected spin-axes and proper motion directions of pulsars is revisited in the light of new data from Jodrell Bank and Effelsberg. The present investigation uses 54 pulsars, the largest to date sample of pulsars with proper-motion and absolute polarisation, to study this effect. Our study has found strong evidence for pulsar spin-velocity alignment, excluding that those two vectors are completely uncorrelated, with >99% confidence. Although we cannot exclude the possibility of orthogonal spin-velocity configurations, comparison of the data with simulations shows that the scenario of aligned vectors is more likely than that of the orthogonal case. Moreover, we have determined the spread of velocities that a spin-aligned and spin-orthogonal distribution of kicks must have to produce the observed distribution of spin-velocity angle offsets. If the observed distribution of spin-velocity offset angles is the result of spin-aligned kicks, then we find that the distribution of kick-velocity directions must be broad with σ_v~30\degree if the orthogonal-kick scenario is assumed, then the velocity distribution is much narrower with σ_v<10\degree. Finally, in contrast to previous studies, we have performed robustness tests on our data, in order to determine whether our conclusions are the result of a statistical and/or systematic bias. The conclusion of a correlation between the spin and velocity vectors is independent of a bias introduced by subsets in the total sample. Moreover, we estimate that the observed alignment is robust to within 10% systematic uncertainties on the determination of the spin-axis direction from polarisation data.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 1 Table, accepted in MNRAS
Desplazamiento e identidad en la novia oscura y la multitud errante de Laura Restrepo
Creators: name: Cascante, Helena Isabel
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 96-104.
description: The central question underlying the present study asks how displaced individuals are affected by their forced uprooting. This question is analyzed vis-avis a literary and critical analysis of two novels by contemporary Colombian writer and journalist Laura Restrepo: La multitud errante (2001) and La no via oscura (1999). The protagonists of these texts are displaced beings who lose their sense of identity upon being uprooted from their communities. They are thrust into an existence of constant wandering as they attempt to find acceptance within other communities. Paradoxically, these characters seek to re-establish the same impossible relationships and paradigms that result in their displacement instead of searching for alternatives and initiating change. The texts question the perpetuation of these traditional ideologies and address the issue of personal and national identities in Colombia and Latin America.