cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-consistent quantum measurement tomography based on semidefinite programming
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Marco
name: Rossi, Matteo A. C.
name: Korhonen, Keijo
name: Borrelli, Elsi-Mari
name: García-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Zimborás, Zoltán
name: Cavalcanti, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an estimation method for quantum measurement tomography (QMT) based on semidefinite programming (SDP), and discuss how it may be employed to detect experimental imperfections, such as shot noise and/or faulty preparation of the input states on near-term quantum computers. Moreover, if the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) we aim to characterize is informationally complete, we put forward a method for self-consistent tomography, i.e., for recovering a set of input states and POVM effects that is consistent with the experimental outcomes and does not assume any a priori knowledge about the input states of the tomography. Contrary to many methods that have been discussed in the literature, our approach does not rely on additional assumptions such as low noise or the existence of a reliable subset of input states.
description: Accepted version
Neutral pion mass in warm magnetized medium within Linear Sigma Model coupled to Quarks $\left(\text{LSM}_q\right)$ framework
Creators: name: Das, Aritra
name: Haque, Najmul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the neutral pion mass in the presence of an external arbitrary magnetic field in the framework of the linear sigma model coupled to quark (LSMq) at finite temperature. In doing so, we have calculated the pion self-energy, constructed the dispersion equation via re-summation, and solved the dispersion relation at zero three momentum limit. In calculating the pion mass, we have included meson self-coupling's thermal and magnetic contribution and approximate chiral order parameter $v_0$. We report that the $π^0$ mass decreases with the magnetic field and increases with temperature.
description: 26 pages, 7 captioned figures
Unreal Realities: Palestinian-Americans, Race and Media Representations
Creators: name: Abedelal, Nora
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Palestinian-Americans
subject: Anti-Arab Racism
subject: Media Representation

description: This paper looks closely at Palestinian-American engagement with media and their construction of Arab-American racialization as both absurd and unreal. First, to understand the ways that media and imagery is a locus of racialized violence, I think alongside Palestinian-American criticism of race and media in America. Palestinian-Americans have varied responses to their highly racialized encounters on and offline and identify the root cause of these encounters as due to absurd media representation. Their responses to ‘real’ racialized encounters with people who ‘believe’ media range from humor, anxiety, anger, and disbelief. Second, I use Baudrillard’s concept of the hyperreal to understand how Palestinian personhood has become racialized as an abstraction. I argue that representation of Palestinians in a post 9/11 world have reached what Baudrillard identifies as the fourth stage of the hyperreal image, in which the representation refers to earlier Orientalist representations rather than referring to a direct reality. Palestinian-Americans assert these hyperreal representations as absurd and describe their reality as unreal. Palestinian-Americans, in turn, labor to challenge the hyperreal through media, narrative, storytelling, and the assertion of themselves as human.
State Carving in a Chirally-Coupled Atom-Nanophotonic Cavity
Creators: name: Hiew, W. S.
name: Jen, H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent quantum control of multiqubit systems represents one of the challenging tasks in quantum science and quantum technology. Here we theoretically investigate the reflectivity spectrum in an atom-nanophotonic cavity with collective nonreciprocal couplings. In the strong-coupling regime with a high cooperativity, we theoretically predict distinct on-resonance spectral dips owing to destructive interferences of chiral couplings. Due to the well-separated multiple dips in the spectrum, a contrasted reflectivity suggests a new control knob over the desired entangled state preparation. We propose to utilize such atom-nanophotonic cavity to quantum engineer the atomic internal states via photon-mediated dipole-dipole interactions and the chirality of decay channels, where the atomic Bell state and W states for arbitrary number of atoms can be tailored and heralded by state carving in the single-photon reflection spectrum. Our results pave the way toward quantum engineering of multiqubit states and offer new opportunities for coherent and scalable multipartite entanglement transport in atoms coupled to nanophotonic devices.
description: 5 figures
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XLI. A dozen planets around the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628, and GJ 3293
Creators: name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Udry, S.
name: Wunsche, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Low mass stars are currently the best targets for searches for rocky planets in the habitable zone of their host star. Over the last 13 years, precise radial velocities measured with the HARPS spectrograph have identified over a dozen super-Earths and Earth-mass planets (msin i<10Mearth ) around M dwarfs, with a well understood selection function. This well defined sample informs on their frequency of occurrence and on the distribution of their orbital parameters, and therefore already constrains our understanding of planetary formation. The subset of these low-mass planets that were found within the habitable zone of their host star also provide prized targets for future atmospheric biomarkers searches. Aims. We are working to extend this planetary sample to lower masses and longer periods through dense and long-term monitoring of the radial velocity of a small M dwarf sample. Methods. We obtained large numbers of HARPS spectra for the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628 and GJ 3293, from which we derived radial velocities (RVs) and spectroscopic activity indicators. We searched them for variabilities, periodicities, Keplerian modulations and correlations, and attribute the radial-velocity variations to combinations of planetary companions and stellar activity. Results. We detect 12 planets, of which 9 are new with masses ranging from 1.17 to 10.5 Mearth . Those planets have relatively short orbital periods (P<40 d), except two of them with periods of 217.6 and 257.8 days. Among these systems, GJ 273 harbor two planets with masses close to the one of the Earth. With a distance of 3.8 parsec only, GJ 273 is the second nearest known planetary system - after Proxima Centauri - with a planet orbiting the circumstellar habitable zone.
description: 19 pages, 24 figures. Astronomy and Astrophysics in press
title: Archivio dettagliato del Fondo Pizzigoni-Chistolini. Genesi e sviluppo del metodo sperimentale nella scuola italiana
Creators: name: Chistolini, Sandra
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2022

description:

L’Archivio dettagliato contiene il patrimonio pedagogico conservato nel Fondo Pizzigoni, come raccolto al 2018 e catalogato nel Sistema Bibliotecario di Ateneo. Identifica, elenca e descrive gli elementi presenti nelle raccolte, trascrive i testi manoscritti dai soggetti in formazione, insegnanti, educatori e studenti. La creazione del Fondo intende promuovere la conoscenza, la formazione e la divulgazione del metodo sperimentale di Giuseppina Pizzigoni (1870-1947), dalle origini alla contemporaneità, con particolare attenzione all’educazione dei bambini dai 3 ai 5 anni di età. L’Archivio orienta il lettore e lo guida nella consultazione ordinata delle fonti documentarie che attestano la genesi e l’estensione del metodo nell’ordinamento scolastico italiano e nella produzione accademica internazionale. La ricerca e lo studio contengono il valore umano, la profondità spirituale, la competenza professionale di insegnanti e educatrici, discepole dirette della fondatrice della Scuola Rinnovata Pizzigoni di Milano. Il metodo Pizzigoni è riconosciuto dal Ministero dell’Istruzione. I corsi di formazione degli insegnanti della scuola dell’infanzia e della scuola elementare sono svolti periodicamente nella Università degli Studi Roma Tre e nell’Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca all’interno di percorsi post lauream di perfezionamento e di Master.
The Dynamics of Charged Dust in Magnetized Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Lee, Hyunseok
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Squire, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of large, charged dust grains in turbulent giant molecular clouds (GMCs). Massive dust grains behave as aerodynamic particles in primarily neutral dense gas, and thus are able to produce dramatic small-scale fluctuations in the dust-to-gas ratio. Hopkins & Lee (2016) directly simulated the dynamics of neutral dust grains in super-sonic MHD turbulence, typical of GMCs, and showed that the dust-to-gas fluctuations can exceed factor ~1000 on small scales, with important implications for star formation, stellar abundances, and dust behavior and growth. However, even in primarily neutral gas in GMCs, dust grains are negatively charged and Lorentz forces are non-negligible. Therefore, we extend our previous study by including the effects of Lorentz forces on charged grains (in addition to drag). For small charged grains (sizes <0.1 micron), Lorentz forces suppress dust-to-gas ratio fluctuations, while for large grains (sizes >1 micron), Lorentz forces have essentially no effect, trends that are well explained with a simple theory of dust magnetization. In some special intermediate cases, Lorentz forces can enhance dust-gas segregation. Regardless, for the physically expected scaling of dust charge with grain size, we find the most important effects depend on grain size (via the drag equation) with Lorentz forces/charge as a second-order correction. We show that the dynamics we consider are determined by three dimensionless numbers in the limit of weak background magnetic fields: the turbulent Mach number, a dust drag parameter (proportional to grain size) and a dust Lorentz parameter (proportional to grain charge); these allow us to generalize our simulations to a wide range of conditions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. MNRAS (replaced with published version). Expanded parameter survey and discussion of different magnetization regimes
Microscopic Aspects of Magnetic Lattice Demagnetizing Factors
Creators: name: Twengström, Mikael
name: Bovo, Laura
name: Gingras, Michel J. P.
name: Bramwell, Steven. T.
name: Henelius, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The demagnetizing factor N is of both conceptual interest and practical importance. Considering localized magnetic moments on a lattice, we show that for non-ellipsoidal samples, N depends on the spin dimensionality (Ising, XY, or Heisenberg) and orientation, as well as the sample shape and susceptibility. The generality of this result is demonstrated by means of a recursive analytic calculation as well as detailed Monte Carlo simulations of realistic model spin Hamiltonians. As an important check and application, we also make an accurate experimental determination of N for a representative collective paramagnet (i.e. the Dy2Ti2O7 spin ice compound) and show that the temperature dependence of the experimentally determined N agrees closely with our theoretical calculations. Our conclusion is that the well established practice of approximating the true sample shape with "corresponding ellipsoids" for systems with long-range interactions will in many cases overlook important effects stemming from the microscopic aspects of the system under consideration.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Spinfoams and high performance computing
Creators: name: Dona, Pietro
name: Han, Muxin
name: Liu, Hongguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical methods are a powerful tool for doing calculations in spinfoam theory. We review the major frameworks available, their definition, and various applications. We start from $\texttt{sl2cfoam-next}$, the state-of-the-art library to efficiently compute EPRL spin foam amplitudes based on the booster decomposition. We also review two alternative approaches based on the integration representation of the spinfoam amplitude: Firstly, the numerical computations of the complex critical points discover the curved geometries from the spinfoam amplitude and provides important evidence of resolving the flatness problem in the spinfoam theory. Lastly, we review the numerical estimation of observable expectation values based on the Lefschetz thimble and Markov-Chain Monte Carlo method, with the EPRL spinfoam propagator as an example.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures. Invited chapter for the book "Handbook of Quantum Gravity" (Eds. C. Bambi, L. Modesto and I.L. Shapiro, Springer Singapore, expected in 2023)
Can Sgr A* flares reveal the molecular gas density PDF?
Creators: name: Churazov, E.
name: Khabibullin, I.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Ponti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Illumination of dense gas in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) by powerful X-ray flares from Sgr A* leads to prominent structures in the reflected emission that can be observed long after the end of the flare. By studying this emission we learn about past activity of the supermassive black hole in our Galactic Center and, at the same time, we obtain unique information on the structure of molecular clouds that is essentially impossible to get by other means. Here we discuss how X-ray data can improve our knowledge of both sides of the problem. Existing data already provide: i) an estimate of the flare age, ii) a model-independent lower limit on the luminosity of Sgr A* during the flare and iii) an estimate of the total emitted energy during Sgr A* flare. On the molecular clouds side, the data clearly show a voids-and-walls structure of the clouds and can provide an almost unbiased probe of the mass/density distribution of the molecular gas with the hydrogen column densities lower than few $10^{23}\;{\rm cm^{-2}}$. For instance, the probability distribution function of the gas density $PDF(ρ)$ can be measured this way. Future high energy resolution X-ray missions will provide the information on the gas velocities, allowing, for example a reconstruction of the velocity field structure functions and cross-matching the X-ray and molecular data based on positions and velocities.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Irreducible subcube partitions
Creators: name: Filmus, Yuval
name: Hirsch, Edward
name: Kurz, Sascha
name: Ihringer, Ferdinand
name: Riazanov, Artur
name: Smal, Alexander
name: Vinyals, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A \emph{subcube partition} is a partition of the Boolean cube $\{0,1\}^n$ into subcubes. A subcube partition is irreducible if the only sub-partitions whose union is a subcube are singletons and the entire partition. A subcube partition is tight if it "mentions" all coordinates. We study extremal properties of tight irreducible subcube partitions: minimal size, minimal weight, maximal number of points, maximal size, and maximal minimum dimension. We also consider the existence of homogeneous tight irreducible subcube partitions, in which all subcubes have the same dimensions. We additionally study subcube partitions of $\{0,\dots,q-1\}^n$, and partitions of $\mathbb{F}_2^n$ into affine subspaces, in both cases focusing on the minimal size. Our constructions and computer experiments lead to several conjectures on the extremal values of the aforementioned properties.
description: 39 pages
Boundary First Flattening
Creators: name: Sawhney, Rohan
name: Crane, Keenan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A conformal flattening maps a curved surface to the plane without distorting angles---such maps have become a fundamental building block for problems in geometry processing, numerical simulation, and computational design. Yet existing methods provide little direct control over the shape of the flattened domain, or else demand expensive nonlinear optimization. Boundary first flattening (BFF) is a linear method for conformal parameterization which is faster than traditional linear methods, yet provides control and quality comparable to sophisticated nonlinear schemes. The key insight is that the boundary data for many conformal mapping problems can be efficiently constructed via the Cherrier formula together with a pair of Poincare-Steklov operators; once the boundary is known, the map can be easily extended over the rest of the domain. Since computation demands only a single factorization of the real Laplace matrix, the amortized cost is about 50x less than any previously published technique for boundary-controlled conformal flattening. As a result, BFF opens the door to real-time editing or fast optimization of high-resolution maps, with direct control over boundary length or angle. We show how this method can be used to construct maps with sharp corners, cone singularities, minimal area distortion, and uniformization over the unit disk; we also demonstrate for the first time how a surface can be conformally flattened directly onto any given target shape.
description: 13 pages
Common Origin of Non-zero $θ_{13}$ and Dark Matter in an $S_4$ Flavour Symmetric Model with Inverse Seesaw
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Ananya
name: Borah, Debasish
name: Das, Mrinal Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an inverse seesaw model of neutrino mass within the framework of $S_4$ flavour symmetry from the requirement of generating non-zero reactor mixing angle $θ_{13}$ along with correct dark matter relic abundance. The leading order $S_4$ model gives rise to tri-bimaximal type leptonic mixing resulting in $θ_{13}=0$. Non-zero $θ_{13}$ is generated at one loop level by extending the model with additional scalar and fermion fields which take part in the loop correction. The particles going inside the loop are odd under an in-built $Z^{\text{Dark}}_2$ symmetry such that the lightest $Z^{\text{Dark}}_2$ odd particle can be a dark matter candidate. Correct neutrino and dark matter phenomenology can be achieved for such one loop corrections either to the light neutrino mass matrix or to the charged lepton mass matrix although the latter case is found to be more predictive. The predictions for neutrinoless double beta decay is also discussed and inverted hierarchy in the charged lepton correction case is found to be disfavoured by the latest KamLAND-Zen data.
description: version 2: 33 pages, 15 figures, typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Collapse threshold for a cosmological Klein Gordon field
Creators: name: Hidalgo, Juan Carlos
name: De-Santiago, Josue
name: German, Gabriel
name: Barbosa-Cendejas, Nandinii
name: Ruiz-Luna, Waldemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillating scalar fields are useful to model a variety of matter components in the universe. One or more scalar fields participate in the reheating process after inflation, while at much lower energies scalar fields are robust dark matter candidates. Pertaining structure formation in these models, it is well known that inhomogeneities of the Klein-Gordon field are unstable above the characteristic De Broglie wavelength. In this paper we show that such instability implies the existence of a threshold amplitude for the collapse of primordial fluctuations. We use this threshold to correctly predict the cut--off scale of the matter power spectrum in the scalar field dark matter model. Furthermore, for a Klein-Gordon field during reheating we show that this same threshold allows for abundant production of structure (oscillons but not necessarily black holes). Looking at the production of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) in this scenario we note that the sphericity condition yields a much lower probability of PBH formation at the end of inflation. Remarkably, even after meeting such stringent condition, we find that PBHs may be overproduced during reheating. We finally constrain the epochs at which an oscillating Klein-Gordon field could dominate the early universe.
description: V2: 15 pages, 2 figures and 1 table. Version accepted for publication in PRD
WIMPs, FIMPs, and Inflaton phenomenology via reheating, CMB and $ΔN_{eff}$
Creators: name: Haque, MD Riajul
name: Maity, Debaprasad
name: Mondal, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we extensively analyzed the reheating dynamics after inflation and looked into its possible implication on dark matter (DM) and inflaton phenomenology. We studied the reheating through various possible channels of inflaton going into massless scalars (bosonic reheating) and fermions (fermionic reheating) via non-gravitational and gravity-mediated decay processes. We further include the finite temperature effect on the decay process. Along with their precise roles in governing the dynamics, we compared the relative importance of different temperature-corrected decay channels in the gradual process of reheating depending on the reheating equation of state (EoS), which is directly related to inflaton potential. Particularly, the universal gravitational decay of inflaton is observed to play a very crucial role in the reheating process for a large range of inflaton decay parameters. For our study, we consider typical $α$-attractor inflationary models. We further establish the intriguing connection among those different inflaton decay channels and the CMB power spectrum that can have profound implications in building up a unified model of inflation, reheating, and DM. We analyze both fermion and scalar DM with different physical processes being involved, such as gravitational scattering, thermal bath scattering, and direct inflaton decay. Gravitational decay can again be observed to play a crucial role in setting the maximum limit on DM mass that has already been observed earlier in the literature [52]. Depending on the coupling strength, we have analyzed in detail the production of both FIMP and WIMP-like DM during reheating and their detailed phenomenological implications from the perspective of various cosmological and laboratory experiments.
description: 54 pages, 18 figures. This Arxive version is the same as the JHEP-published version
Four Neurotoxic Insecticides Impair Partner and Host Finding in the Parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma and Bioactive Doses Can Be Taken up Via the Host
Creators: name: Schöfer, Nils Hauke
name: Saxinger, Nathalie
name: Braumandl, Katrin
name: Ruther, Joachim
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Host finding · Hymenoptera · Insecticides · Non-target species · Sex pheromone · Sublethal effects
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: In modern agriculture, control of insect pests is achieved by using insecticides that can also have lethal and sublethal effects on beneficial non-target organisms. Here, we investigate acute toxicity and sublethal effects of four insecticides on the males’ sex pheromone response and the female host finding ability of the Drosophila parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists acetamiprid, flupyradifurone and sulfoxaflor, as well as the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor dimethoate were applied topically as acetone solutions. Males treated with all four insecticides no longer preferred the female sex pheromone in a T-olfactometer. Duration of wing fanning, an element of the pheromone-mediated male courtship behavior, was also reduced by all four insecticides. The ability of females to orientate towards host-infested feeding substrate was not affected by acetamiprid in the tested dose range. However, treatment with dimethoate, flupyradifurone and sulfoxaflor resulted in the loss of the females’ preference for host odor. At the lowest doses interfering with olfactory abilities of L. heterotoma in this study (acetamiprid: 0.21 ng, dimethoate: 0.105 ng, flupyradifurone: 2.1 ng and sulfoxaflor: 0.21 ng), ≥ 90% of the wasps survive insecticide treatment. Male pheromone responses and female host finding were also disturbed in those L. heterotoma that had developed in D. melanogaster larvae reared on dimethoate-treated feeding medium at sublethal levels. Hence, doses of this insecticide sufficient to interfere with chemical orientation of L. heterotoma can be taken up by the parasitoid via the food chain.
Language as a Latent Sequence: deep latent variable models for semi-supervised paraphrase generation
Creators: name: Yu, Jialin
name: Cristea, Alexandra I.
name: Harit, Anoushka
name: Sun, Zhongtian
name: Aduragba, Olanrewaju Tahir
name: Shi, Lei
name: Moubayed, Noura Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper explores deep latent variable models for semi-supervised paraphrase generation, where the missing target pair for unlabelled data is modelled as a latent paraphrase sequence. We present a novel unsupervised model named variational sequence auto-encoding reconstruction (VSAR), which performs latent sequence inference given an observed text. To leverage information from text pairs, we additionally introduce a novel supervised model we call dual directional learning (DDL), which is designed to integrate with our proposed VSAR model. Combining VSAR with DDL (DDL+VSAR) enables us to conduct semi-supervised learning. Still, the combined model suffers from a cold-start problem. To further combat this issue, we propose an improved weight initialisation solution, leading to a novel two-stage training scheme we call knowledge-reinforced-learning (KRL). Our empirical evaluations suggest that the combined model yields competitive performance against the state-of-the-art supervised baselines on complete data. Furthermore, in scenarios where only a fraction of the labelled pairs are available, our combined model consistently outperforms the strong supervised model baseline (DDL) by a significant margin (p <.05; Wilcoxon test). Our code is publicly available at "https://github.com/jialin-yu/latent-sequence-paraphrase".
Towards Open World NeRF-Based SLAM
Creators: name: Lisus, Daniil
name: Holmes, Connor
name: Waslander, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) offer versatility and robustness in map representations for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tasks. This paper extends NICE-SLAM, a recent state-of-the-art NeRF-based SLAM algorithm capable of producing high quality NeRF maps. However, depending on the hardware used, the required number of iterations to produce these maps often makes NICE-SLAM run at less than real time. Additionally, the estimated trajectories fail to be competitive with classical SLAM approaches. Finally, NICE-SLAM requires a grid covering the considered environment to be defined prior to runtime, making it difficult to extend into previously unseen scenes. This paper seeks to make NICE-SLAM more open-world-capable by improving the robustness and tracking accuracy, and generalizing the map representation to handle unconstrained environments. This is done by improving measurement uncertainty handling, incorporating motion information, and modelling the map as having an explicit foreground and background. It is shown that these changes are able to improve tracking accuracy by 85% to 97% depending on the available resources, while also improving mapping in environments with visual information extending outside of the predefined grid.
description: Presented at Conference on Robots and Vision (CRV) 2023. 8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Search for a new scalar resonance in flavour-changing neutral-current top-quark decays $t \rightarrow qX$ ($q=u,c$), with $X \rightarrow b\bar{b}$, in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for flavour-changing neutral-current decays of a top quark into an up-type quark (either up or charm) and a light scalar particle $X$ decaying into a bottom anti-bottom quark pair is presented. The search focuses on top-quark pair production where one top quark decays to $qX$, with $X \rightarrow b\bar{b}$, and the other top quark decays according to the Standard Model, with the $W$ boson decaying leptonically. The final state is thus characterised by an isolated electron or muon and at least four jets. Events are categorised according to the multiplicity of jets and jets tagged as originating from $b$-quarks, and a neural network is used to discriminate between signal and background processes. The data analysed correspond to 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The 95% confidence-level upper limits between 0.019% and 0.062% are derived for the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}$($t \rightarrow uX$) and between 0.018% and 0.078% for the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}$($t \rightarrow cX$), for masses of the scalar particle $X$ between 20 and 160 GeV.
description: 50 pages in total, 9 figures, 5 tables. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2020-16/
On positivity sets for Helmholtz solutions
Creators: name: Kow, Pu-Zhao
name: Salo, Mikko
name: Shahgholian, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J05, 35J15, 35J20, 35R30, 35R35

description: We address the question of finding global solutions of the Helmholtz equation that are positive in a given set. This question arises in inverse scattering for penetrable obstacles. In particular, we show that there are solutions that are positive on the boundary of a bounded Lipschitz domain.
description: 10 pages
On the Properties of the Power Systems Nodal Admittance Matrix
Creators: name: Kettner, Andreas Martin
name: Paolone, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This letter provides conditions determining the rank of the nodal admittance matrix, and arbitrary block partitions of it, for connected AC power networks with complex admittances. Furthermore, some implications of these properties concerning Kron Reduction and Hybrid Network Parameters are outlined.
description: Index Terms: Nodal Admittance Matrix, Rank, Block Form, Network Partition, Kron Reduction, Hybrid Network Parameters
Employer branding @ Belnet
Creators: name: Goeminne, Freya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SIG-Marcomms
Belnet
employer branding

description: Presentation was delivered at the SIG-Marcomms meeting in Brussels, Belgium on October 5th, 2022. This presentation shows how Belnet conducted their employer re-branding process.
A first-order Lagrangian theory of fields with arbitrary spin
Creators: name: Canarutto, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R20, 81R25

description: The bundles suitable for a description of higher-spin fields can be built in terms of a 2-spinor bundle as the basic `building block'. This allows a clear, direct view of geometric constructions aimed at a theory of such fields on a curved spacetime. In particular, one recovers the Bargmann-Wigner equations and the $2(2j+1)$-dimensional representation of the angular-momentum algebra needed for the Joos-Weinberg equations. Looking for a first-order Lagrangian field theory we argue, through considerations related to the 2-spinor description of the Dirac map, that the needed bundle must be a fibered direct sum of a symmetric `main sector'--carrying an irreducible representation of the angular--momentum algebra|and an induced sequence of `ghost sectors'. Then one indeed gets a Lagrangian field theory that, at least formally, can be expressed in a way similar to the Dirac theory. In flat spacetime one gets plane-wave solutions that are characterised by their values in the main sector. Besides symmetric spinors, the above procedures can be adapted to anti-symmetric spinors and to Hermitian spinors (the latter describing integer-spin fields). Through natural decompositions, the case of a spin-2 field describing a possible deformation of the spacetime metric can be treated in terms of the previous results.
description: 18 pages - the new version has a few additions to the text and to the bibliography
Damped-driven system of bouncing droplets leading to deterministic diffusive behavior
Creators: name: Rahman, Aminur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37N10, 70K50

description: Damped-driven systems are ubiquitous in science, however the damping and driving mechanisms are often quite convoluted. This manuscript presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of a fluidic droplet on a vertically vibrating fluid bath as a damped-driven system. We study a fluidic droplet in an annular cavity with the fluid bath forced above the Faraday wave threshold. We model the droplet as a kinematic point particle in air and as inelastic collisions during impact with the bath. In both experiments and the model the droplet is observed to chaotically change velocity with a Gaussian distribution. Finally, the statistical distributions from experiments and theory are analyzed. Incredibly, this simple deterministic interaction of damping and driving of the droplet leads to more complex Brownian-like and Levy-like behavior.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
HUBO and QUBO models for Prime factorization
Creators: name: Jun, Kyungtaek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The security of the RSA cryptosystem is based on the difficulty of factoring a large number N into prime numbers p and q satisfying N=p*q . This paper presents a prime factoriaation method using D-Wave quantum computer that can threaten the RSA cryptosystem. The starting point for this method is very simple, representing two prime numbers as qubits. Then, set the difference between the product of two prime numbers expressed in qubits and N as a cost function, and find the solution when the cost function becomes the minimum. D-Wave's quantum annealer can find the minimum value of any quadratic problem. However, the cost function is to be a higher-order unconstrained optimiaation (HUBO) model because it contains the second or higher order terms. We used a hybrid solver and dimod package provided by -Wave Ocean software development kit (SDK) to solve the HUBO problem. We also successfully factoriaed 102,454,763 with 26 logical qubits. In addition, we factoriaed 1,000,070,001,221 using the range dependent Hamiltonian algorithm.
description: 11 page
The Malgrange Form and Fredholm Determinants
Creators: name: Bertola, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the factorization problem of matrix symbols relative to a closed contour, i.e., a Riemann-Hilbert problem, where the symbol depends analytically on parameters. We show how to define a function $τ$ which is locally analytic on the space of deformations and that is expressed as a Fredholm determinant of an operator of "integrable" type in the sense of Its-Izergin-Korepin-Slavnov. The construction is not unique and the non-uniqueness highlights the fact that the tau function is really the section of a line bundle.
Optical Frequency Comb Fourier Transform Spectroscopy with Sub-Nominal Resolution - Principles and Implementation
Creators: name: Rutkowski, Lucile
name: Maslowski, Piotr
name: Johansson, Alexandra C.
name: Khodabakhsh, Amir
name: Foltynowicz, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband precision spectroscopy is indispensable for providing high fidelity molecular parameters for spectroscopic databases. We have recently shown that mechanical Fourier transform spectrometers based on optical frequency combs can measure broadband high-resolution molecular spectra undistorted by the instrumental line shape (ILS) and with a highly precise frequency scale provided by the comb. The accurate measurement of the power of the comb modes interacting with the molecular sample was achieved by acquiring single-burst interferograms with nominal resolution precisely matched to the comb mode spacing. Here we give a full theoretical description of this sub-nominal resolution method and describe in detail the experimental and numerical steps needed to retrieve ILS-free molecular spectra, i.e. with ILS-induced distortion below the noise level. We investigate the accuracy of the transition line centers retrieved by fitting to the absorption lines measured using this method. We verify the performance by measuring an ILS-free cavity-enhanced low-pressure spectrum of the 3ν1+ν3 band of CO2. We observe and quantify collisional narrowing of absorption line shape, for the first time with a comb-based spectroscopic technique. Thus retrieval of line shape parameters with accuracy not limited by the Voigt profile is now possible for entire absorption bands acquired simultaneously.
A pilot study of the experiences of undergraduate nursing students on clinical placement in rural New South Wales: data
Creators: name: Webster, Sue
name: Allnutt, Susan Jane
name: Clague, Liesa
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2007
Subjects: nursing student
rural health
clinical placement
Aboriginal community

description: A group of eight 2nd year nursing students from the Australian Catholic University, North Sydney undertook a four week placement in far western New South Wales. This included one week of orientation followed by three weeks of clinical placement in Aboriginal communities and other rural health care facilities. The orientation week included a cultural immersion course which covered cultural appropriateness preparation for work with indigenous clients and their communities, as well as information about surviving in the bush. The experiences of the students were recorded using pre- and post-questionnaires as well as field observations and interviews. - Pre- and post-clinical placement questionnaires (print); - Quantitative data from questionnaires in SPSS program/software; - Analysis of qualitative data (comments) from questionnaires managed with ATLAS program/software; - Field notes (print and video) collected during the final week of placement; - Transcripts of recorded interviews collected during the final week of placement. In partnership with: Broken Hill University Department of Rural Health (BHUDRH). Funded by: Commonwealth Department of Health and Aging Other participants: Violeta Lopez (Chief investigator), Jane Allnutt, Liesa Clague, Deborah Jones and Paul Bennett.
Proximity-enhanced valley Zeeman splitting at the WS$_2$/graphene interface
Creators: name: Junior, Paulo E. Faria
name: Naimer, Thomas
name: McCreary, Kathleen M.
name: Jonker, Berend T.
name: Finley, Jonathan J.
name: Crooker, Scott A.
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Stier, Andreas V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The valley Zeeman physics of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides provides valuable insight into the spin and orbital degrees of freedom inherent to these materials. Being atomically-thin materials, these degrees of freedom can be influenced by the presence of adjacent layers, due to proximity interactions that arise from wave function overlap across the 2D interface. Here, we report 60 T magnetoreflection spectroscopy of the A- and B- excitons in monolayer WS$_2$, systematically encapsulated in monolayer graphene. While the observed variations of the valley Zeeman effect for the A- exciton are qualitatively in accord with expectations from the bandgap reduction and modification of the exciton binding energy due to the graphene-induced dielectric screening, the valley Zeeman effect for the B- exciton behaves markedly different. We investigate prototypical WS$_2$/graphene stacks employing first-principles calculations and find that the lower conduction band of WS$_2$ at the $K/K'$ valleys (the $CB^-$ band) is strongly influenced by the graphene layer on the orbital level. This leads to variations in the valley Zeeman physics of the B- exciton, consistent with the experimental observations. Our detailed microscopic analysis reveals that the conduction band at the $Q$ point of WS$_2$ mediates the coupling between $CB^-$ and graphene due to resonant energy conditions and strong coupling to the Dirac cone. Our results therefore expand the consequences of proximity effects in multilayer semiconductor stacks, showing that wave function hybridization can be a multi-step process with different bands mediating the interlayer interactions. Such effects can be exploited to resonantly engineer the spin-valley degrees of freedom in van der Waals and moiré heterostructures.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Quantum coherence, radiance, and resistance of gravitational systems
Creators: name: Oniga, Teodora
name: Wang, Charles H. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general framework for the open dynamics of an ensemble of quantum particles subject to spacetime fluctuations about the flat background. An arbitrary number of interacting bosonic and fermionic particles are considered. A systematic approach to the generation of gravitational waves in the quantum domain is presented that recovers known classical limits in terms of the quadrupole radiation formula and backreaction dissipation. Classical gravitational emission and absorption relations are quantized into their quantum field theoretical counterparts in terms of the corresponding operators and quantum ensemble averages. Certain arising consistency issues related to factor ordering have been addressed and resolved. Using the theoretical formulation established here with numerical simulations in the quantum regime, we discuss potential new effects including decoherence through the spontaneous emission of gravitons and collectively amplified radiation of gravitational waves by correlated quantum particles.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, proofread version to be published by Physical Review D
Local Implicit Neural Representations for Multi-Sequence MRI Translation
Creators: name: Chen, Yunjie
name: Staring, Marius
name: Wolterink, Jelmer M.
name: Tao, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In radiological practice, multi-sequence MRI is routinely acquired to characterize anatomy and tissue. However, due to the heterogeneity of imaging protocols and contra-indications to contrast agents, some MRI sequences, e.g. contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image (T1ce), may not be acquired. This creates difficulties for large-scale clinical studies for which heterogeneous datasets are aggregated. Modern deep learning techniques have demonstrated the capability of synthesizing missing sequences from existing sequences, through learning from an extensive multi-sequence MRI dataset. In this paper, we propose a novel MR image translation solution based on local implicit neural representations. We split the available MRI sequences into local patches and assign to each patch a local multi-layer perceptron (MLP) that represents a patch in the T1ce. The parameters of these local MLPs are generated by a hypernetwork based on image features. Experimental results and ablation studies on the BraTS challenge dataset showed that the local MLPs are critical for recovering fine image and tumor details, as they allow for local specialization that is highly important for accurate image translation. Compared to a classical pix2pix model, the proposed method demonstrated visual improvement and significantly improved quantitative scores (MSE 0.86 x 10^-3 vs. 1.02 x 10^-3 and SSIM 94.9 vs 94.3)