cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wind power forecasting using artificial neural networks with numerical prediction : a case study for mountainous Canada
Creators: name: Bolouri Afshar, Banafsheh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Wind is a free and easily available source of energy. Several countries, including Canada, have already incorporated wind power into their electricity supply system. Forecasting wind power production is quite challenging because the wind is variable and depends on weather conditions, terrain factors and turbine height. In addition to traditional physical and statistical methods, some advanced methods based on artificial intelligence have been investigated in recent years to achieve more reliable wind-power forecasts. The aim of this work is to exploit the ability of artificial neural network (ANN) models to find the most effective parameters to estimate generated power from predicted wind speed at a wind farm in mountainous Canada. The historical data of both observations and forecasts of weather characteristics along with turbine availabilities and the reported power production are used for this purpose. Experiments are done first with the observations (perfect-prog technique) to find the optimum architecture for the artificial neural network. Next to obtain a day-ahead forecast of the wind power, weather forecasts from a numerical weather prediction model was input to the optimum ANN as the predictors (model output statistics method). The results from ANN models are compared to linear-model fits in order to show the ability of ANN models to capture the nonlinearity effects. Also, another comparison is made between the results from artificial neural network models and the current approach used operationally by a utility company. The selected architecture is a three-layered feed-forward back-propagation ANN model with 8 hidden neurons. Verification results using an independent dataset show that the ANN method improves the day-ahead wind-power forecasts by up to 56% compared to the current operational approach.
Wireless Sensor Network Pattern Based Fault Isolation in Industrial Applications
Creators: name: Moreira Sá De Souza, Luciana
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Fault Isolation
Sensor Networks
Artificial Intelligence
Pattern Recognition
Business Processes

description: In business applications where wireless sensor networks (WSN) are applied, failures in essential parts of the system must be efficiently detected and automatically recovered to avoid major losses. In this thesis we investigate existing fault detection and isolation solutions and present a fault isolation method based on the identification of system patterns. This approach has the ability to learn the behaviour of the network when specific failures occur and to combine known patterns.
What is good work? Different aspects of labor contracts in theory and experiment
Creators: name: Bleich, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: intrinsic motivation
experiment
screening
heterogenous qualification
wage flexibility
contract duration

description: "Good work" is interpreted from an employer's and a worker's viewpoint. An economic experiment on the existence of intrinsic work motivation in a labor market setting is conducted. A theoretical model analyzes worker selection under exogenous unobservable intrinsic motivation and endogenous observable qualification. The impact of wage flexibility on contract terms and their duration is subject of a second theoretical model. An experiment yields further insights to this topic.
A non-abelian spin-liquid in a spin-1 quantum magnet
Creators: name: Grover, Tarun
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a time-reversal invariant non-abelian spin-liquid state in an $SU (2)$ symmetric spin $S = 1$ quantum magnet on a triangular lattice. The spin-liquid is obtained by quantum disordering a non-collinear nematic state. We show that such a spin-liquid cannot be obtained by the standard projective construction for spin-liquids. We also study phase transition between the spin-liquid and the non-collinear nematic state and show that it cannot be described within Landau-Ginzburg- Wilson paradigm.
description: 4.25 pages, 1 figure
Time-resolved in vivo ubiquitinome profiling by DIA-MS reveals USP7 targets on a proteome-wide scale.
Creators: name: Steger, Martin
name: Demichev, Vadim
name: Backman, Mattias
name: Ohmayer, Uli
name: Ihmor, Phillip
name: Müller, Stefan
name: Ralser, Markus
name: Daub, Henrik
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synthetic Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Metabolism
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Mass spectrometry (MS)-based ubiquitinomics provides system-level understanding of ubiquitin signaling. Here we present a scalable workflow for deep and precise in vivo ubiquitinome profiling, coupling an improved sample preparation protocol with data-independent acquisition (DIA)-MS and neural network-based data processing specifically optimized for ubiquitinomics. Compared to data-dependent acquisition (DDA), our method more than triples identification numbers to 70,000 ubiquitinated peptides in single MS runs, while significantly improving robustness and quantification precision. Upon inhibition of the oncology target USP7, we simultaneously record ubiquitination and consequent changes in abundance of more than 8,000 proteins at high temporal resolution. While ubiquitination of hundreds of proteins increases within minutes of USP7 inhibition, we find that only a small fraction of those are ever degraded, thereby dissecting the scope of USP7 action. Our method enables rapid mode-of-action profiling of candidate drugs targeting DUBs or ubiquitin ligases at high precision and throughput.
ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ ФАКТОРЫ НА ВЫБОР МЕХАНИЗМОВ ЗАЩИТЫ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
Creators: name: Хаджаев, Саидакбар
name: Ирматова, Дилёра
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Обеспечение информационной безопасности становится ключевой задачей для организации, обрабатывающей данные, представляющие ценность для потенциальных злоумышленников. Для построения оптимальной модели информационной системы (ИС) необходимо выявить все условия, которые делают риски более или менее вероятными.
On the Heterotic World-sheet Instanton Superpotential and its individual Contributions
Creators: name: Curio, Gottfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For supersymmetric heterotic string compactifications on a Calabi-Yau threefold $X$ endowed with a vector bundle $V$ the world-sheet superpotential $W$ is a sum of contributions from isolated rational curves $\C$ in $X$; the individual contribution is given by an exponential in the Kähler class of the curve times a prefactor given essentially by the Pfaffian which depends on the moduli of $V$ and the complex structure moduli of $X$. Solutions of $DW=0$ (or even of $DW=W=0$) can arise either by nontrivial cancellations between the individual terms in the summation over all contributing curves or because each of these terms is zero already individually. Concerning the latter case conditions on the moduli making a single Pfaffian vanish (for special moduli values) have been investigated. However, even if corresponding moduli - fulfilling these constraints - for the individual contribution of one curve are known it is not at all clear whether {\em one} choice of moduli exists which fulfills the corresponding constraints {\em for all contributing curves simultaneously}. Clearly this will in general happen only if the conditions on the 'individual zeroes' had already a conceptual origin which allows them to fit together consistently. We show that this happens for a class of cases. In the special case of spectral cover bundles we show that a relevant solution set has an interesting location in moduli space and is related to transitions which change the generation number.
description: 47 pages
FicTag Visualizer: A Tool for Fanfiction Tag Analysis and Three Use Cases in Fan Interpretation
Creators: name: Neugarten, Julia
name: Minixhofer, Christoph
name: Slot, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: fanfiction
tool
poster

description: This poster presents FicTag Visualizer, an online interface for analyzing the frequency of tags attached to fanfiction on the Archive of Our Own, the largest English-language fanfiction database. We present three use cases to illustrate how the tool can aid research on fanfiction metadata.
Mechanism of protein aggregation leading to amyloid formation
Creators: name: He, Xianglan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Amyloid deposition has been observed in more than 20 diseases. Each amyloid-related disease has a particular precursor protein or peptide that converts from itsnative state to insoluble cross-βamyloid assemblies. Understanding the amyloid aggre-gation mechanism is the basis for development of a rational strategy for preventing theaggregation cascade events. This dissertation contributes to the elucidation of amyloidaggregation mechanism by characterizing the aggregation intermediates with comple-mentary biophysical techniques and clarifying the fluorescence mechanism of a standardamyloid probe, thioflavin T (ThT).In the first part of this dissertation, aggregation state distribution was determinedat single-molecule level with atomic force microscopy (AFM), by development of aparticle size analysis package for AFM images. Combining the aggregation state dis-tribution from AFM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, a quantita-tive reservoir-nucleation model forβ-lactoglobulina(β-LGa) amyloid formation wasproposed based on kinetic simulation. The model successfully predicted the resultsof 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) fluorescence and seeding experiments. Anaggregation free-energy landscape was constructed based on the simulation. A clas-sification scheme for oligomeric species was proposed to evaluate their roles during aggregation, based on their locations on the aggregation free-energy landscape. Dif-ferent types of oligomers were related to the amyloid cascade hypothesis and the toxicoligomer hypothesis for amyloid-related diseases.The second part of this dissertation focuses on fluorescence mechanism of ThT,which is a standard tool for amyloid fibril detection and aggregation kinetic studies.DLS was used to probe the aggregation state of ThT in solutions of different condi-tions. The micelle model was disproved by showing the absence of ThT micelles insolution. The exciton model was disproved by fit of the concentration dependence ofThT fluorescence intensity to a fluorescent monomer model. Enhanced quantum yieldwas observed for surface-bound ThT in both bulk and single-molecule fluorescence mea-surements, with substantial shift in the excitation spectra, compared with fibril-boundThT. The presence of surface-bound ThT fluorescence calls for re-evaluation of reportedThT photophysical properties in solutions of low viscosity, which are likely dominatedby the surface effect. Similar lifetime features were observed for surface-bound andfibril-bound ThT. These results revealed that ThT bound to amyloid fibrils rigidly asit bound to the surface. Interaction of ThT withα-Synuclein (αSyn) fibrils was studiedwith single-molecule fluorescence microscopy. The single-molecule fluorescence polar-ization images showed that ThT bound toαSyn fibrils with its long axis parallel to thefibril axis.
Some Functorial Properties of Nilpotent Multipliers
Creators: name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
name: Sanati, Mahboobeh Alizadeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E10, 20K40

description: In this paper, we are going to look at the $c$-nilpotent multiplier of a group $G$, ${\cal N}_cM(G)$, as a functor from the category of all groups, ${\cal G}roup$, to the category of all abelian groups, ${\cal A}b$, and focusing on some functional properties of it. In fact, by using some results of the first author and others and finding an explicit formula for the $c$-nilpotent multiplier of a finitely generated abelian group, we try to concentrate on the commutativity of the above functor with the two famous functors Ext and Tor.
description: 11 pages
Non-minimal Flavor Violation in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: SUSY
MSSM
Flavor
B-Physik

description: The MSSM possesses many new sources of flavor violation. In addition to the minimally flavor-violating interactions involving the CKM matrix there are terms which have a priori a generic flavor structure (including possible complex phases) stemming from the supersymmetry-breaking sector.
In this thesis, we study the effects of these non-minimal sources of flavour violation, especially the trilinear A-terms, which have an important effect on flavor-violating observables.
Gamma-Ray Localization of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes
Creators: name: Marisaldi, M.
name: Argan, A.
name: Trois, A.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Labanti, C.
name: Fuschino, F.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Longo, F.
name: Barbiellini, G.
name: Del Monte, E.
name: Moretti, E.
name: Trifoglio, M.
name: Costa, E.
name: Caraveo, P.
name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Chen, A.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: De Paris, G.
name: Di Cocco, G.
name: Di Persio, G.
name: Donnarumma, I.
name: Evangelista, Y.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Ferrari, A.
name: Fiorini, M.
name: Froysland, T.
name: Galli, M.
name: Gianotti, F.
name: Lapshov, I.
name: Lazzarotto, F.
name: Lipari, P.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Morselli, A.
name: Pacciani, L.
name: Pellizzoni, A.
name: Perotti, F.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Piano, G.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Prest, M.
name: Pucella, G.
name: Rapisarda, M.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Rubini, A.
name: Sabatini, S.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Striani, E.
name: Vallazza, E.
name: Vercellone, S.
name: Vittorini, V.
name: Zambra, A.
name: Zanello, D.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Cutini, S.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Lucarelli, F.
name: Pittori, C.
name: Santolamazza, P.
name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Salotti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes (TGFs) are very short bursts of high energy photons and electrons originating in Earth's atmosphere. We present here a localization study of TGFs carried out at gamma-ray energies above 20 MeV based on an innovative event selection method. We use the AGILE satellite Silicon Tracker data that for the first time have been correlated with TGFs detected by the AGILE Mini-Calorimeter. We detect 8 TGFs with gamma-ray photons of energies above 20 MeV localized by the AGILE gamma-ray imager with an accuracy of 5-10 degrees at 50 MeV. Remarkably, all TGF-associated gamma rays are compatible with a terrestrial production site closer to the sub-satellite point than 400 km. Considering that our gamma rays reach the AGILE satellite at 540 km altitude with limited scattering or attenuation, our measurements provide the first precise direct localization of TGFs from space.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, available at http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v105/i12/e128501
FicTag Visualizer: A Tool for Fanfiction Tag Analysis and Three Use Cases in Fan Interpretation
Creators: name: Neugarten, Julia
name: Minixhofer, Christoph
name: Slot, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This poster presents FicTag Visualizer, an online interface for analyzing the frequency of tags attached to fanfiction on the Archive of Our Own, the largest English-language fanfiction database. We present three use cases to illustrate how the tool can aid research on fanfiction metadata.
Towards caring : the role of place-based learning in a secondary school English First Peoples class
Creators: name: Price, Sara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This research examines the current challenges of teaching a First Peoples English course using place-based pedagogy, and the benefits of incorporating place-based learning despite these challenges, through a qualitative study in the teacher-researcher's English 10/11/12 First Peoples class at Howe Sound Secondary School. The research draws on evidence from observations and journaling of the teacher-researcher, samples of student work, and student responses to short answer questions in order to address the over-arching research question, What stories of learning have I identified regarding a First Peoples English course that makes use of place-based methodologies? This question is broken down into two others: What challenges exist in introducing place- based learning at Howe Sound Secondary School, and, if possible, how may these challenges be overcome? and, What are the benefits of conjoining place-based learning and a course focused on Indigenous perspectives? The primary purpose of this study is to determine how to incorporate a place-based education in a traditional secondary school setting, and what are the benefits for students. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to overcome some barriers to place-based learning, and that the benefits to students make it worthwhile to do so when possible. The findings indicate that offering a place-based, student-centered approach and connecting to local landscape and community contribute to increased student engagement with, effort in, and enjoyment of the course. They also indicate that place-based strategies can successfully facilitate connections with individuals from the local Indigenous community, contributing to greater understanding of the history and people of the place, and a possible breakdown of prejudice. The evidence also indicates that incorporating discussions of hegemonic educational models alongside local and non-local Indigenous ways of learning, including learning from place, also contributes to understanding of other cultures. Some place-based activities also encouraged family and cultural connection and lead to feelings of pride in Indigenous students. The study concludes with suggestions for future practice.
Note on SUSY BF theory in (1+2) dimensions from SUSY algebra for vector-spinor field
Creators: name: Shima, Kazunari
name: Tsuda, Motomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in (1+2) dimensions that supersymmetric (SUSY) BF action for a (minimal and off-shell) spin-(1,3/2) supermultiplet is a unique SUSY invariant one required from the closure property of commutator algebra for SUSY transformations.
description: 4 pages
L’ Vniuersita dell'Ebrei di Ferrara, e per essa I suoi Massari serui Diuotiss, dell'Eminenza Vostra vmilmente gli rapresentano, come dall'Eminentiss. Sig. Card. Acciaioli..
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Jews
Broadsides

description: Regarding privileges and rights of the ghetto
High Performance Computing Based Methods for Simulation and Optimisation of Flow Problems
Creators: name: Bockelmann, Hendryk
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: High Performance Computing
PDE-constrained optimisation
flow control
parallel linear solver
microflows

description: The thesis is concerned with the study of methods in high-performance computing for simulation and optimisation of flow problems that occur in the framework of microflows. We consider the adequate use of techniques in parallel computing by means of finite element based solvers for partial differential equations and by means of sensitivity- and adjoint-based optimisation methods. The main focus is on three-dimensional, low Reynolds number flows described by the instationary Navier-Stokes equations.
An example of $C^1$-generically wild homoclinic classes with index deficiency
Creators: name: Shinohara, Katsutoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a closed smooth four-dimensional manifold, we construct a diffeomorphism that has a homoclinic class whose continuation locally generically satisfies the following condition: it does not admit any kind of dominated splittings whereas any periodic points belonging to it never have unstable index one.
Sustainable tourism: tourists’ behaviour and their impact on the visited place
Creators: name: Ingaldi, Manuela
name: Dziuba, Szymon
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2021

description: With part of society growing rich, ease of movement around the world, cheaper airline tickets, and big competition on the websites that offer accommodation, tourism is becoming more and more popular. Many places are becoming a destination for tourists, not only because of their tourist values but more often because of fashion. This, unfortunately, is associated with the increasing overcrowding in such places, and thus with the occurrence of the phenomenon termed overtourism. The salvation for such places is the attempts to incorporate the concepts of sustainable tourism into their operation. However, for this to be successful, tourists also need to understand the need for such activities, otherwise, it will be hard to do anything. The aim of this paper was to assess the attitudes of people in different regions of Europe towards sustainable tourism, with the emphasis on understanding the concept and using it in their travels. The survey was conducted in the form of an online questionnaire filled in by the residents of the countries of the Visegrád Group. The survey is part of a larger project on sustainable tourism and people's perceptions of this tourism in Europe. The results of the survey showed that the respondents understand what the concept of sustainable tourism means and what its assumptions are. However, this often does not translate into their behavior and using these assumptions in their lives as tourists. Conducting similar research, however, can inspire respondents to rethink and change their behavior.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 16 (2021) - In press
On the number of nodal solutions for a nonlinear elliptic problem on symmetric Riemannian manifolds
Creators: name: Ghimenti, Marco G.
name: Micheletti, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem -ε^2Δ_gu+u = |u|^{p-2}u in M, where (M,g) is a symmetric Riemannian manifold. We give a multiplicity result for antisymmetric changing sign solutions.
Additional file 3 of On-treatment biopsies to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer
Creators: name: Sinn, Bruno Valentin
name: Sychra, Katharina
name: Untch, Michael
name: Karn, Thomas
name: van Mackelenbergh, Marion
name: Huober, Jens
name: Schmitt, Wolfgang
name: Marmé, Frederik
name: Schem, Christian
name: Solbach, Christine
name: Stickeler, Elmar
name: Tesch, Hans
name: Fasching, Peter A.
name: Schneeweiss, Andreas
name: Müller, Volkmar
name: Holtschmidt, Johannes
name: Nekljudova, Valentina
name: Loibl, Sibylle
name: Denkert, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 3: Figure S3. The change in Ki-67 between the two time points is plotted against the change in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. There was no association between the two.
Effects of Alphabet-Supplemented Speech (Fercho et al., 2015)
Creators: name: Fercho, Kelene
name: A. Baugh, Lee
name: Hanson, Elizabeth K.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Purpose: The purpose of this article was to examine the neural mechanisms associated with increases in speech intelligibility brought about through alphabet supplementation.Method: Neurotypical participants listened to dysarthric speech while watching an accompanying video of a hand pointing to the 1st letter spoken of each word on an alphabet display (treatment condition) or a scrambled display (control condition). Their hemodynamic response was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, using a sparse sampling event-related paradigm. Speech intelligibility was assessed via a forced-choice auditory identification task throughout the scanning session.Results: Alphabet supplementation was associated with significant increases in speech intelligibility. Further, alphabet supplementation increased activation in brain regions known to be involved in both auditory speech and visual letter perception above that seen with the scrambled display. Significant increases in functional activity were observed within the posterior to mid superior temporal sulcus/superior temporal gyrus during alphabet supplementation, regions known to be involved in speech processing and audiovisual integration.Conclusion: Alphabet supplementation is an effective tool for increasing the intelligibility of degraded speech and is associated with changes in activity within audiovisual integration sites. Changes in activity within the superior temporal sulcus/superior temporal gyrus may be related to the behavioral increases in intelligibility brought about by this augmented communication method.
On ${\cal N}_c$-Covering Groups of a Nilpotent Product of Cyclic Groups
Creators: name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
name: Khaksar, Ashraf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F18, 20E34, 20E10

description: The first author, in 2001, presented a structure for the Baer-invariant of a nilpotent product of cyclic groups with respect to the variety of nilpotent groups. In this paper, using the above structure, we prove the existence of an ${\cal N}_c$-covering group for a nilpotent product of a family of cyclic groups. We also present a structure for the ${\cal N}_c$-covering group.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 2 of Comparison of 19 major infectious diseases during COVID-19 epidemic and previous years in Zhejiang, implications for prevention measures
Creators: name: Li, Haopeng
name: Ling, Feng
name: Zhang, Shiyu
name: Liu, Ying
name: Wang, Chongjian
name: Lin, Hualiang
name: Sun, Jimin
name: Wu, Yinglin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. The non-pharmaceutical interventions of different level.
Electron-electron scattering and nonequilibrium noise in Sharvin contacts
Creators: name: Nagaev, K. E.
name: Krishtop, T. V.
name: Sergeeva, N. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider wide ballistic microcontacts with electron-electron scattering in the leads and calculate electric noise and nonlinear conductance in them. Due to a restricted geometry the collisions of electrons result in a shot noise even though they conserve the total momentum of electrons. We obtain the noise and the conductivity for arbitrary relations between voltage V and temperature T. The positive inelastic correction to the Sharvin conductance is proportional to T at low voltages eV << T, and to |V| at high voltages. At low voltages the noise is defined by the Nyquist relation and at high voltages the noise is related with the inelastic correction to the current by the Shottky formula S_{in} = 2eI_{in}.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
The gravitino coupling to broken gauge theories applied to the MSSM
Creators: name: Luo, Feng
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Peloso, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gravitino couplings in theories with broken gauge symmetries. In particular, we compute the single gravitino production cross section in W+ W- fusion processes. Despite recent claims to the contrary, we show that this process is always subdominant to gluon fusion processes in the high energy limit. The full calculation is performed numerically; however, we give analytic expressions for the cross section in the supersymmetric and electroweak limits. We also confirm these results with the use of the effective theory of goldstino interactions.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of On-treatment biopsies to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer
Creators: name: Sinn, Bruno Valentin
name: Sychra, Katharina
name: Untch, Michael
name: Karn, Thomas
name: van Mackelenbergh, Marion
name: Huober, Jens
name: Schmitt, Wolfgang
name: Marmé, Frederik
name: Schem, Christian
name: Solbach, Christine
name: Stickeler, Elmar
name: Tesch, Hans
name: Fasching, Peter A.
name: Schneeweiss, Andreas
name: Müller, Volkmar
name: Holtschmidt, Johannes
name: Nekljudova, Valentina
name: Loibl, Sibylle
name: Denkert, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2: Figure S2. Comparison of tumors with false positive predictions (residual cancer on-treatment but pCR after treatment) with tumors with true positive predictions. False positive predictions were more frequent in HR−/HER2− disease (A), in the GeparSixto trial (B), smaller tumors (C) and in tumors with negative lymph node status (D). There was no association grade (E) or tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (F).
title: Temporal and spatial patterns of mitochondrial haplotype and species distributions in Siberian larches inferred from ancient environmental DNA and modeling
Creators: name: Epp, Laura Saskia
name: Kruse, Stefan
name: Kath, Nadja J.
name: Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R.
name: Tiedemann, Ralph
name: Pestryakova, Luidmila A.
name: Herzschuh, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie

description: Changes in species' distributions are classically projected based on their climate envelopes. For Siberian forests, which have a tremendous significance for vegetation-climate feedbacks, this implies future shifts of each of the forest-forming larch (Larix) species to the north-east. However, in addition to abiotic factors, reliable projections must assess the role of historical biogeography and biotic interactions. Here, we use sedimentary ancient DNA and individual-based modelling to investigate the distribution of larch species and mitochondrial haplotypes through space and time across the treeline ecotone on the southern Taymyr peninsula, which at the same time presents a boundary area of two larch species. We find spatial and temporal patterns, which suggest that forest density is the most influential driver determining the precise distribution of species and mitochondrial haplotypes. This suggests a strong influence of competition on the species' range shifts. These findings imply possible climate change outcomes that are directly opposed to projections based purely on climate envelopes. Investigations of such fine-scale processes of biodiversity change through time are possible using paleoenvironmental DNA, which is available much more readily than visible fossils and can provide information at a level of resolution that is not reached in classical palaeoecology.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1052
QM study on regioselectivity in the synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazines: kinetic and thermodynamic point of view
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: ghiasi, mina
name: Aghawerdi, Mahmonir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: In the present study, the experimentally observed regioselectivity in pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazine synthesis has been modeled using density functional theory method at M06/6-311++G** level. Also the tautomerism of all four tautomers of 6-ethyl-2-thio(1H) pyrimidin-(3H)-4-one as an important intermediate through the reaction path in pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazine synthesis has been investigated extensively in the gas and solution phase. The stability order of tautomers was found as A > D > B > C, in gas and chloroform solvent; however, changing to more polar solvents this order was changed as A > B > D > C using polarized continuum model. In the next step, we focused on another significant feature of this synthesis which has major role in the observed regioselectivity. Two proposed reaction paths with two different transition states that it seems the mode of its intermolecular cyclization has a special role in regioselectivity of the final product have been considered. Comparison of our calculated NMR and IR spectrum with those already reported for some pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazines demonstrates a reliable agreement. Moreover, all obtained results in the gas and solution phase confirm that the synthesis of above-mentioned compound is thermodynamically more favorable than the possible regioisomeric product.
title: Do bilingual children lag behind?
title: A study of morphological encoding using ERPs
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Clahsen, Harald
name: Jessen, Anna
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache

description: The current study investigates how bilingual children encode and produce morphologically complex words. We employed a silent-production-plus-delayed-vocalization paradigm in which event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during silent encoding of inflected words which were subsequently cued to be overtly produced. The bilingual children's spoken responses and their ERPs were compared to previous datasets from monolingual children on the same task. We found an enhanced negativity for regular relative to irregular forms during silent production in both bilingual children's languages, replicating the ERP effect previously obtained from monolingual children. Nevertheless, the bilingual children produced more morphological errors (viz. over-regularizations) than monolingual children. We conclude that mechanisms of morphological encoding (as measured by ERPs) are parallel for bilingual and monolingual children, and that the increased over-regularization rates are due to their reduced exposure to each of the two languages (relative to monolingual children).
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 682
Dynamic Response of a fast near infra-red Mueller matrix ellipsometer
Creators: name: Aas, Lars Martin Sandvik
name: Ellingsen, Pål Gunnar
name: Kildemo, Morten
name: Lindgren, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic response of a near infrared Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal based Mueller matrix ellipsometer (NIR FLC-MME) is presented. A time dependent simulation model, using the measured time response of the individual FLCs, is used to describe the measured temporal response. Furthermore, the impulse response of the detector and the pre-amplifier is characterized and included in the simulation model. The measured time-dependent intensity response of the MME is reproduced in simulations, and it is concluded that the switching time of the FLCs is the limiting factor for the Mueller matrix measurement time of the FLC-based MME. Based on measurements and simulations our FLC based NIR-MME system is estimated to operate at the maximum speed of approximately 16 ms per Mueller matrix measurement. The FLC-MME may be operated several times faster, since the switching time of the crystals depends on the individual crystal being switched, and to what state it is switched. As a demonstration, the measured temporal response of the Mueller matrix and the retardance of a thick liquid crystal variable retarder upon changing state is demonstrated.
description: to be published in Journal of Modern Optics 20 pages, 6 figures
title: Quality Management and its Linkages to Higher Education Management - Training on Internal Quality Assurance Series | Module 5
Creators: name: Randhahn, Solveig
name: Ganseuer, Christian
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2017
Subjects: Strategic Higher Education Management
Quality Management Systems
Change Processes

description: This course book completes the course book series, summarising the key elements of the previous course books and showing how to close quality loops (which refer to the cyclic quality management logic of plan-do-check-act). It focuses more in detail on the linkage between quality management and decision-making processes and it analyses the functions of involved parties and existing limits of their actions. In doing so, readers will get an insight to communication and implementation strategies that are relevant to develop change processes at higher education institutions.
Additional file 1 of Frailty and the risk of dementia: is the association explained by shared environmental and genetic factors?
Creators: name: Bai, Ge
name: Wang, Yunzhang
name: Kuja-Halkola, Ralf
name: Li, Xia
name: Tomata, Yasutake
name: Karlsson, Ida K.
name: Pedersen, Nancy L.
name: Hägg, Sara
name: Jylhävä, Juulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Supplementary methods. Appendix S2. Supplementary results. Table S1. The 44 frailty items and the coding rules. Table S2. ICD codes used to identify dementia. Table S3. ATC-codes for identification of dementia medication. Table S4. Descriptive statistics of the cognitive sample. Table S5. Descriptive statistics of the study population stratified by dementia diagnosis. Table S6. Descriptive statistics of the study population by sex. Table S7. Association of the frailty index (FI) with the risk of dementia using Cox regression in the cognitive sample (left panel) and in the genotyped samples II adjusting for the APOE ɛ4 carrier status (right panel). Table S8. Association of the frailty index (FI) with the risk of dementia using the competing risk model in the full (left panel) and cognitive (right panel) samples. Table S9. Association of the frailty categories with the risk of dementia using Cox regression in the full (left panel) and cognitive (right panel) samples. Table S10. Association of the frailty index (FI) with the risk of dementia in complete DZ and MZ twin pairs of the within-pair sample II in the multivariate Cox model (left panel) and in the within-pair model (right panel). Table S11. Sex-stratified associations of the frailty index (FI) with the risk of dementia within dizygotic (DZ) and monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs of the within-pair samples I and II using Cox regression. Table S12. Associations between the frailty index (FI) constructed from traditional (FI-TRF, Model 1) and non-traditional risk factors (FI-NTRF, Model 2) for dementia with the risk of dementia using Cox regression. Figure S1. The distribution of the frailty index (FI) in the full (A) and cognitive samples (B) by sex. Figure S2. The functional form of the association between the frailty index (FI) and the risk of dementia. Figure S3. Kaplan-Meier plots for the probability of being dementia-free during the follow-up by the frailty index categories. Figure S4. The ratio of the hazard ratios (HRs; HRDZ/HRMZ) in the within-pair interaction model. Figure S5. Hazard ratios (HRs) and the subdistribution HR (SHR) for the competing risk model and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident dementia in relation to a 10% increase in the frailty 38 index (FI) in the cognitive sample.
A fast and reliable method for the calculation of band structure of solids with hybrid functionals
Creators: name: Tran, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple approximation within the framework of the hybrid methods for the calculation of the electronic structure of solids is presented. By considering only the diagonal elements of the perturbation operator (Hartree-Fock exchange minus semilocal exchange) calculated in the basis of the semilocal orbitals, the computational time is drastically reduced, while keeping the accuracy of the results obtained with hybrid functionals when applied without any approximations.
Spectroscopic and Photometric Observations of Unidentified Ultraviolate Variable Objects in GUVV-2 Catalog
Creators: name: Li, Y.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wei, J. Y.
name: He, X. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An NUV-optical diagram made for sources from the secend Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Ultraviolet Variability (GUVV-2) Catalog provide us a method to tentatively classify the unknown GUVV2 sources by their NUV-optical magnitudes. On the purpose of testing the correctness and generality of the method, we carry out a program on the spectroscopic observations of the unidentified GUVV2 sources. The spectroscopic identification for these 37 sources are 19 type -A to -F stars, 10 type -G to -K stars and 7 M dwarf stars together with an AGN. We also present the light curves in R-band for two RR Lyrae star candidates selected from the NUV-optical diagram, both of which perform cyclic variations. Combining there light curves and colors, we classify them as RR Lyrae stars. To confirm the results, we shows a color-color diagram for the 37 newly spectroscopically identified objects compared with the previously identified ones, which manifests good consistence with our former results, indicating that the ultroviolet variable sources can be initially classified by their NUV/optical color-color diagram.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Tycho SN 1572: A Naked Ia Supernova Remnant without Associated Ambient Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Tian, Wenwu
name: Leahy, Denis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The historical supernova remnant (SNR) Tycho SN 1572 originates from the explosion of a normal Type Ia supernova which is believed to have originated from a carbon-oxygen white dwarf in a binary system. We analyze the 21cm continuum, HI and 12CO-line data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey in the direction of SN 1572 and surrounding region. We construct HI absorption spectra to SN 1572 and three nearby compact sources. We conclude that SN 1572 has no molecular cloud interaction, which argues against previous claims that a molecular cloud is interacting with the SNR. This new result does not support a recent claim that dust, newly detected by AKARI, originates from such a SNR-cloud interaction. We suggest that the SNR has a kinematic distance of 2.5 - 3.0 kpc based on a nonlinear rotational curve model. Very-high-energy Gamma-ray emission from the remnant has been detected by the VERITAS telescope, so our result shows that its origin should not be an SNR-cloud interaction. Both radio and X-ray observations support that SN 1572 is an isolated Type Ia SNR.
description: 14 pages, 4 figs, accepted by ApJ Letters
Examination of age-associated gene expression oscillation in peritoneal macrophages via transpose-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq)
Creators: name: Blacher, Eran
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ATAC-seq
subject: Macrophages
subject: Circadian rhythms

description: We tested whether loss of oscillatory gene expression in aged macrophages was mediated by age-associated epigenetic alterations. To this end, we conducted transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) on peritoneal macrophages harvested from young and aged mice every 4 h over the course of 24 h.
N-doped porous carbon nanofibers embedded with TiN nanoparticles for high-performance Li–S batteries
Creators: name: Zeng, Linchao
name: Zhu, Jianhui
name: Liu, Minsu
name: Zhao, Hang
name: Deng, Libo
name: Zhang, Peixin
name: Li, Haowen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Flexible N-doped porous carbon nanofibers embedded with TiN nanoparticles are prepared for cathode materials of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. A synergistic adsorption effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) can be provided by the well-dispersed TiN nanoparticles, the heteroatomic doping, and the porous nanofibers structure. As a result, the as-prepared electrode can deliver a high reversible capacity of 990 mAh g−1 after 120 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 with coulombic efficiency approaching 100%. This work provides a simple and comprehensive strategy for the preparation of high-performance Li–S batteries. We reveal the synergistic effect of the well-dispersed TiN nanoparticles, the heteroatomic doping, and the porous nanofibers structure endows the matrix material with best adsorption capability to polysulfides.
Electric field modulation of thermopower for transparent amorphous oxide thin film transistors
Creators: name: Koide, Hirotaka
name: Nagao, Yuki
name: Koumoto, Kunihito
name: Takasaki, Yuka
name: Umemura, Tomonari
name: Kato, Takeharu
name: Ikuhara, Yuichi
name: Ohta, Hiromichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To clarify the electronic density of states (DOS) around the conduction band bottom for state of the art transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOSs), InGaZnO4 and In2MgO4, we fabricated TAOS-based transparent thin film transistors (TTFTs) and measured their gate voltage dependence of thermopower (S). TAOS-based TTFTs exhibit an unusual S behavior. The |S|-value abruptly increases, but then gradually decreases as Vg increases, clearly suggesting the anti-parabolic shaped DOS is hybridized with the original parabolic shaped DOS around the conduction band bottom.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures