cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inversion‐recovery MR elastography of the human brain for improved stiffness quantification near fluid–solid boundaries
Creators: name: Lilaj, Ledia
name: Herthum, Helge
name: Meyer, Tom
name: Shahryari, Mehrgan
name: Bertalan, Gergely
name: Caiazzo, Alfonso
name: Braun, Jürgen
name: Fischer, Thomas
name: Hirsch, Sebastian
name: Sack, Ingolf
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: brain surface areas
subject: cerebral cortex
subject: inversion-recovery MRE
subject: poroelastography
subject: stiffness
subject: ventricles
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: In vivo MR elastography (MRE) holds promise as a neuroimaging marker. In cerebral MRE, shear waves are introduced into the brain, which also stimulate vibrations in adjacent CSF, resulting in blurring and biased stiffness values near brain surfaces. We here propose inversion-recovery MRE (IR-MRE) to suppress CSF signal and improve stiffness quantification in brain surface areas. Methods: Inversion-recovery MRE was demonstrated in agar-based phantoms with solid-fluid interfaces and 11 healthy volunteers using 31.25-Hz harmonic vibrations. It was performed by standard single-shot, spin-echo EPI MRE following 2800-ms IR preparation. Wave fields were acquired in 10 axial slices and analyzed for shear wave speed (SWS) as a surrogate marker of tissue stiffness by wavenumber-based multicomponent inversion. Results: Phantom SWS values near fluid interfaces were 7.5 ± 3.0% higher in IR-MRE than MRE (P = .01). In the brain, IR-MRE SNR was 17% lower than in MRE, without influencing parenchymal SWS (MRE: 1.38 ± 0.02 m/s; IR-MRE: 1.39 ± 0.03 m/s; P = .18). The IR-MRE tissue-CSF interfaces appeared sharper, showing 10% higher SWS near brain surfaces (MRE: 1.01 ± 0.03 m/s; IR-MRE: 1.11 ± 0.01 m/s; P < .001) and 39% smaller ventricle sizes than MRE (P < .001). Conclusions: Our results show that brain MRE is affected by fluid oscillations that can be suppressed by IR-MRE, which improves the depiction of anatomy in stiffness maps and the quantification of stiffness values in brain surface areas. Moreover, we measured similar stiffness values in brain parenchyma with and without fluid suppression, which indicates that shear wavelengths in solid and fluid compartments are identical, consistent with the theory of biphasic poroelastic media.
Late gadolinium enhancement‐MRI determines definite lesion formation most accurately at 3 months post ablation compared to later time points
Creators: name: Althoff, Till F.
name: Garre, Paz
name: Caixal, Gala
name: Perea, Rosario
name: Prat, Susanna
name: Tolosana, Jose Maria
name: Guasch, Eduard
name: Roca‐Luque, Ivo
name: Arbelo, Elena
name: Sitges, Marta
name: Brugada, Josep
name: Mont, Lluís
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ablation lesions
subject: atrial fibrillation
subject: atrial fibrosis
subject: cardiac MRI
subject: late gadolinium enhancement
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aims: Neither the long-term development of ablation lesions nor the capability of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)-MRI to detect ablation-induced fibrosis at late stages of scar formation have been defined. We sought to assess the development of atrial ablation lesions over time using LGE-MRI and invasive electroanatomical mapping (EAM). Methods and results: Ablation lesions and total atrial fibrosis were assessed in serial LGE-MRI scans 3 months and >12 months post pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. High-density EAM performed in subsequent repeat ablation procedures served as a reference. Serial LGE-MRI of 22 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The PV encircling ablation lines displayed an average LGE, indicative of ablation-induced fibrosis, of 91.7% ± 7.0% of the circumference at 3 months, but only 62.8% ± 25.0% at a median of 28 months post ablation (p < 0.0001). EAM performed in 18 patients undergoing a subsequent repeat procedure revealed that the consistent decrease in LGE over time was owed to a reduced detectability of ablation-induced fibrosis by LGE-MRI at time-points > 12 months post ablation. Accordingly, the agreement with EAM regarding detection of ablation-induced fibrosis and functional gaps was good for the LGE-MRI at 3 months (κ .74; p < .0001), but only weak for the LGE-MRI at 28 months post-ablation (κ .29; p < .0001). Conclusion: While non-invasive lesion assessment with LGE-MRI 3 months post ablation provides accurate guidance for future redo-procedures, detectability of atrial ablation lesions appears to decrease over time. Thus, it should be considered to perform LGE-MRI 3 months post-ablation rather than at later time-points > 12 months post ablation, like for example, prior to a planned redo-ablation procedure.
Impact of New Education Policy 2020 on Higher Education
Creators: name: Sudeep B Chandramana
name: Kurien, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: 220202 History and Philosophy of Education
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The New Education Policy announced by Government of India (NEP 2020) was a welcoming change and fresh news amidst all the negativities surrounding the world due to the challenges posed by Covid-19 pandemic. The announcement of NEP 2020 was purely unexpected by many. The changes that NEP 2020 has recommended were something that many educationists never saw coming. Though the education policy has impacted school and college education equally, this article mainly focuses on NEP 2020 and its impact on Higher Education. This paper also outlines the salient features of NEP and analyses how they affect the existing education system.
title: Glitching the (Post-)Human
title: Virtual YouTubers’ Self-Representation Between Extended and Divided Self
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Erbentraut, Luise
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Virtual YouTubers
subject: Artificial YouTubers
subject: Digital Ethnography
subject: Netnography
subject: Critical Technocultural Discourse Analysis
subject: Critical Posthumanism
subject: Avatar
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Virtual and Artificial YouTubers (VTubers) show us how the body becomes technologically embedded. They reveal arising complexities within the interface of digital and analog assemblies, bodies, and virtual environments. Thus, VTubers raise questions that are crucial to the core debate about personhood and the human subject in anthropology as well as critical posthumanism. By reading Feminist Anthropology and Critical Posthumanism dos-à-dos, the thesis engages with the three VTubers AI Angelica, CodeMiko, and Miquela Sousa. To answer the questions (1) how personhood unfolds in the VTubers’ self-representation(s), (2) how personhood is negotiated with the recipients, and (3) which aspects of the human subject (e.g., gender, race) are reproduced a methodological framework of Netnography and Critical Technocultural Discourse Analysis is applied. The thesis reveals that VTubers’ show a form of personhood in which the reflective self appears and speaks apart from the ‘I.’ This division reflects practices of self-designation in order to navigate between the extended self and the divided self; the content creator and the avatar; between the platform and the VTuber. This way, the self manifests itself simultaneously in the form of overlaps and displacements. Within this form of relationality, the notion of the glitch is reviewed to consider the VTuber’s personhood in respect of the discussion between critical posthumanist and humanist perspectives.
Model-based Offline Quantum Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Eisenmann, Simon
name: Hein, Daniel
name: Udluft, Steffen
name: Runkler, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the first algorithm for model-based offline quantum reinforcement learning and demonstrates its functionality on the cart-pole benchmark. The model and the policy to be optimized are each implemented as variational quantum circuits. The model is trained by gradient descent to fit a pre-recorded data set. The policy is optimized with a gradient-free optimization scheme using the return estimate given by the model as the fitness function. This model-based approach allows, in principle, full realization on a quantum computer during the optimization phase and gives hope that a quantum advantage can be achieved as soon as sufficiently powerful quantum computers are available.
title: Catalysts and advanced materials from waste: diversifying biochar applications towards the implementation of a circular and bio-based economy.
Creators: name: Vidal, Juliana Ladeira
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: Biochar is a bio-sourced and carbon-based material produced from the thermochemical processing of wood residues. Besides presenting remarkable chemical and physical properties, biochar is a tool for carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration. Unfortunately, it has been mainly employed in low value-added fields in pollutant removal and soil amendment. The diversification of biochar applications is aligned with the Principles of Green Chemistry and could help to tackle our society’s current environmental challenges through the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The use of a material obtained from waste with recognized carbon sink potential for the further production of energy and chemicals can reduce the impacts of consumption, contribute to our good health and well-being, and also mitigate devastating climate change consequences. A true sustainable future can only be achieved if interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches are considered. In this thesis, strategies in the areas of CO₂ transformation, layered materials exfoliation, polymer composites reinforcement, catalysis, and their respective applications in biochar research are discussed. Biochar after functionalization could be applied as catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides using CO₂ as a feedstock. Besides presenting good efficiency (i.e. conversions higher than 78.5%) and having a wide substrate scope, the catalytic system proposed could be re-used at least five times without any loss in its activity. The same material could be applied in liquidphase exfoliation processes to produce biochar nanostructures with improved chemical and physical properties. Although greener environments for the exfoliation of biochar were obtained and studied through extensive solvent screening, the functionalization of this carbon-based material was able to further increase the yield of nanostructures obtained in benign solvents to human health and the environment. Using different catalysts, the functionalized biochar produced could then be applied as a polymer additive for the production of biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone) composites with increased stiffness, crystallinity and conversions. Preliminary degradation studies also showed a positive effect of the exfoliated functionalized material in the degradation of poly(ecaprolactone) under different conditions. Functionalized biochar also showed good activity (i.e. 75.2% conversion) as the first carbon-based catalyst used for the synthesis of cyclic ethers via ring-closing C-O/C-O metathesis of their aliphatic counterparts, and as an efficient alternative system for the synthesis of terpene esters from terpene alcohols and acetic anhydrides (i.e. conversions higher than 84.3%) under mild conditions.
Pulse engineering via projection of response functions
Creators: name: Heimann, Nicolas
name: Broers, Lukas
name: Mathey, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an iterative optimal control method of quantum systems, aimed at an implementation of a desired operation with optimal fidelity. The update step of the method is based on the linear response of the fidelity to the control operators, and its projection onto the mode functions of the corresponding operator. Our method extends methods such as gradient-ascent pulse engineering (GRAPE) and variational quantum algorithms, by determining the fidelity gradient in a hyperparameter-free manner, and using it for a multiparameter update, capitalizing on the multimode overlap of the perturbation and the mode functions. This directly reduces the number of dynamical trajectories that need to be evaluated in order to update a set of parameters. We demonstrate this approach, and compare it to the standard GRAPE algorithm, for the example of a quantum gate on two qubits, demonstrating a clear improvement in convergence and optimal fidelity of the generated protocol.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Über Kettenbrüche, Vorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1889

description: Notizen zur Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1889 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text mit Figuren, Umschlag mit Verweis auf den Inhalt und das Semester
[Humanistische Sammelhandschrift]; [um 1437-1456]
Creators: name: Plutarchus
name: Basilius Caesariensis
name: Xenophon
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: Entstehungsort: Italien (vermutlich Florenz). - Entstehungszeit: 1437-1456
Large Exchange Bias, High Dielectric Constant, and Outstanding Ionic Conductivity in a Single‐Phase Spin Glass
Creators: name: Ghazanfari, Mohammad R.
name: Santhosh, Archa
name: Siemensmeyer, Konrad
name: Fuß, Friederike
name: Staab, Lennart
name: Vrijmoed, Johannes C.
name: Peters, Bertram
name: Liesegang, Moritz
name: Dehnen, Stefanie
name: Oeckler, Oliver
name: Jerabek, Paul
name: Thiele, Günther
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: dielectric
subject: frustrated magnetism
subject: iron vacancy
subject: metalate
subject: Mott insulators
subject: solid‐state electrolytes
subject: transport properties
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The multigram synthesis of K2[Fe3S4] starting from K2S and FeS is presented, and its electronic and magnetic properties are investigated. The title compound obtains a defect variant of the K[Fe2Se2] structure type. Dielectric and impedance measurements indicate a dielectric constant of 1120 at 1 kHz and an outstanding ionic conductivity of 24.37 mS cm–1 at 295 K, which is in the range of the highest reported value for potential solid‐state electrolytes for potassium‐ion batteries. The Seebeck coefficient of the n‐type conductor amounts to −60 µV K−1 at 973 K. The mismatch of the measured electrical resistivity and the predicted metal‐like band structure by periodic quantum chemical calculations indicates Mott insulating behavior. Magnetometry demonstrates temperature‐dependent, large exchange bias fields of 35 mT, as a consequence of the coexistence of spin glass and antiferromagnetic orderings due to the iron vacancies in the lattice. In addition, the decreasing training effects of 34% in the exchange bias are identified at temperatures lower than 20 K. These results demonstrate the critical role of iron vacancies in tuning the electronic and magnetic properties and a multifunctional material from abundant and accessible elements.
Global Counterfactual Directions
Creators: name: Sobieski, Bartlomiej
name: Biecek, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite increasing progress in development of methods for generating visual counterfactual explanations, especially with the recent rise of Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models, previous works consider them as an entirely local technique. In this work, we take the first step at globalizing them. Specifically, we discover that the latent space of Diffusion Autoencoders encodes the inference process of a given classifier in the form of global directions. We propose a novel proxy-based approach that discovers two types of these directions with the use of only single image in an entirely black-box manner. Precisely, g-directions allow for flipping the decision of a given classifier on an entire dataset of images, while h-directions further increase the diversity of explanations. We refer to them in general as Global Counterfactual Directions (GCDs). Moreover, we show that GCDs can be naturally combined with Latent Integrated Gradients resulting in a new black-box attribution method, while simultaneously enhancing the understanding of counterfactual explanations. We validate our approach on existing benchmarks and show that it generalizes to real-world use-cases.
description: ECCV 2024
Intact Organization of Tactile Space Perception in Isolated Focal Dystonia
Creators: name: Mainka, Tina
name: Azañón, Elena
name: Zeuner, Kirsten E.
name: Knutzen, Arne
name: Bäumer, Tobias
name: Neumann, Wolf‐Julian
name: Borngräber, Friederike
name: Kühn, Andrea A.
name: Longo, Matthew R.
name: Ganos, Christos
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: focal dystonia
subject: somatosensation
subject: tactile distance perception
subject: cervical dystonia
subject: blepharospasm
subject: somatosensory receptive fields
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Systematic perceptual distortions of tactile space have been documented in healthy adults. In isolated focal dystonia impaired spatial somatosensory processing is suggested to be a central pathophysiological finding, but the structure of tactile space for different body parts has not been previously explored. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess tactile space organization with a novel behavioral paradigm of tactile distance perception in patients with isolated focal dystonia and controls. Methods: Three groups of isolated focal dystonia patients (cervical dystonia, blepharospasm/Meige syndrome, focal hand dystonia) and controls estimated perceived distances between 2 touches across 8 orientations on the back of both hands and the forehead. Results: Stimulus size judgments differed significantly across orientations in all groups replicating distortions of tactile space known for healthy individuals. There were no differences between groups in the behavioral parameters we assessed on the hands and forehead. Conclusions: Tactile space organization is comparable between patients with isolated focal dystonia and healthy controls in dystonic and unaffected body parts.
Über die Axiome der Arithmetik und der Geometrie, Vorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1905

description: Notizen zur Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1905 am Eidgenössischen Polytechnikum.
30 Bl. Ausarbeitung der Vorlesung, 1905. Paginierung nur blattweise, da Rückseiten leer sind.
2 Bl./4 S. Disposition, mit zusätzlich auf der Rückseite Zeichnung.
14 Bl. nicht datierte Notizen. 8 Bl. mit inhaltlicher Abfolge setzen ein ab Paragraph 5, Abhängigkeiten unter den Axiomen.
Text mit Figuren, Umschlag mit Verweis auf den Inhalt und das Semester
Quintessential power-law cosmology: dark energy equation of state
Creators: name: Gumjudpai, Burin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-law cosmology with scale factor as power of cosmic time, $a \propto t^{\a}$, is investigated. We review and discuss value of $\a$ obtained from various types of observation. Considering dark energy dominant era in late universe from $z < 0.5$, we use observational derived results from Cosmic Microwave Background (WMAP7), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and observational Hubble data to find power exponent $\a$ and other cosmological variables. $\a$ is found to be $0.99 \pm 0.02$ (WMAP7+BAO+$H_0$) and $0.99 \pm 0.04$ (WMAP7). These values do not exclude possibility of acceleration at 1$σ$ hence giving viability to power-law cosmology in general. When considering scenario of canonical scalar field dark energy with power-law cosmology, we derive scalar field potential, exact scalar field solution and equation of state parameter. We found that the scenario of power-law cosmology containing dynamical canonical scalar field predicts present equation of state parameter $w_{ϕ, 0} = -0.449 \pm 0.030 $ while the $w$CDM with WMAP7 data (model independent, $w$ constant) allows a maximum (+1$σ$) value of $w_{ϕ, 0}$ at -0.70 which is off the prediction range. However, in case of varying $w_ϕ$, the $w_{ϕ, 0}$ value predicted from quintessential power-law cosmology is allowed within 1$σ$ uncertainty.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Mod. Phys. Lett. A, to appear. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1201.3499
Geometrie der Kreise und Kugeln, Vorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1882

description: Notizen zur Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1882 an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 1 Bl. leer
A multicentre, randomised, parallel‐group, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled and open‐label, active‐controlled study (versus amorolfine 5%), to evaluate the efficacy and safety of terbinafine 10% nail lacquer in the treatment of onychomycosis
Creators: name: Blume‐Peytavi, Ulrike
name: Tosti, Antonella
name: Falqués, Meritxell
name: Tamarit, Maria Luisa
name: Carreño, Cristina
name: Galván, Jordi
name: Tebbs, Veronica
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: fungal nail infection
subject: nail lacquer
subject: onychomycosis
subject: Terbinafine
subject: topical antifungal treatment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Onychomycosis is a difficult-to-treat fungal nail infection whose treatment can involve systemic or topical antifungal approaches. Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of terbinafine 10% nail lacquer in distal-lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO). Patients/methods: Patients with mild-to-moderate DLSO were randomised (3:3:1) to receive double-blind topical terbinafine 10% (n = 406) or its vehicle (n = 410) administered once daily for 4 weeks and then once weekly for 44 weeks, or open-label topical amorolfine 5% (n = 137) for 48 weeks, with a 12-week follow-up period. The primary efficacy endpoint, complete cure rate at Week 60, was a composite of negative potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy, negative culture for dermatophytes and no residual clinical involvement of the target big toenail. Results: Complete cure rates at Week 60 in the terbinafine, vehicle and amorolfine groups were 5.67%, 2.20% and 2.92%, respectively (odds ratio (OR) vs vehicle = 2.68; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.22-5.86; p = .0138). Statistically significant differences in responder (negative KOH and negative culture and ≤10% residual clinical involvement) and mycological cure rates (negative KOH and negative culture) at Week 60 were obtained between terbinafine and vehicle. Terbinafine was well-tolerated with no systemic adverse reactions identified; the most common topical adverse reactions were erythema and skin irritation. Conclusions: Terbinafine 10% nail lacquer was an effective treatment for mild-to-moderate onychomycosis improving both clinical and mycological criteria compared with vehicle. Furthermore, there may be some benefits compared to the currently available topical agent, amorolfine 5%. Treatment was well-tolerated and safe.
Multi-View Subgraph Neural Networks: Self-Supervised Learning with Scarce Labeled Data
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenzhong
name: Zeng, Qingyuan
name: Lin, Wanyu
name: Jiang, Min
name: Tan, Kay Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While graph neural networks (GNNs) have become the de-facto standard for graph-based node classification, they impose a strong assumption on the availability of sufficient labeled samples. This assumption restricts the classification performance of prevailing GNNs on many real-world applications suffering from low-data regimes. Specifically, features extracted from scarce labeled nodes could not provide sufficient supervision for the unlabeled samples, leading to severe over-fitting. In this work, we point out that leveraging subgraphs to capture long-range dependencies can augment the representation of a node with homophily properties, thus alleviating the low-data regime. However, prior works leveraging subgraphs fail to capture the long-range dependencies among nodes. To this end, we present a novel self-supervised learning framework, called multi-view subgraph neural networks (Muse), for handling long-range dependencies. In particular, we propose an information theory-based identification mechanism to identify two types of subgraphs from the views of input space and latent space, respectively. The former is to capture the local structure of the graph, while the latter captures the long-range dependencies among nodes. By fusing these two views of subgraphs, the learned representations can preserve the topological properties of the graph at large, including the local structure and long-range dependencies, thus maximizing their expressiveness for downstream node classification tasks. Experimental results show that Muse outperforms the alternative methods on node classification tasks with limited labeled data.
Crustal Structure of the Indochina Peninsula From Ambient Noise Tomography
Creators: name: Wu, Shanshan
name: Yu, Youqiang
name: Yang, Ting
name: Xue, Mei
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Chen, Haopeng
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Indochina Peninsula
subject: crustal structure
subject: lower‐crustal flow
subject: ambient noise tomography
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates promotes the southeastward extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula while the internal dynamics of its crustal deformation remain enigmatic. Here, we make use of seismic data from 38 stations and employ the ambient noise tomography to construct a 3‐D crustal shear‐wave velocity (Vs) model beneath the Indochina Peninsula. A low‐Vs anomaly is revealed in the mid‐lower crust of the Shan‐Thai Block and probably corresponds to the southern extension of the crustal flow from SE Tibet. Although the Khorat Plateau behaves as a rigid block, the observed low‐Vs anomalies in the lower crust and also below the Moho indicate that the crust may have been partially modified by mantle‐derived melts. The strike‐slip shearing motions of the Red River Fault may have dominantly developed crustal deformation at its western flank where a low‐Vs anomaly is observed at the upper‐middle crust.
Über die Methoden der neueren Geometrie, Probevorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1882

description: Notizen zu einer Probevorlesung, vermutlich vorgetragen im Jahr 1882 an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 1 Bl. leer
Theorie der krummen Linien und Flächen I, Vorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1891

description: Notizen zur Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Wintersemester 1891/92 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text mit Figuren.
Das letzte Blatt beinhaltet das Inhaltsverzeichnis
Two distinct red giant branch populations in the globular cluster NGC 2419 as tracers of a merger event in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Han, Sang-Il
name: Joo, Seok-Joo
name: Jang, Sohee
name: Na, Chongsam
name: Okamoto, Sakurako
name: Arimoto, Nobuo
name: Lim, Dongwook
name: Kim, Hak-Sub
name: Yoon, Suk-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent spectroscopic observations of the outer halo globular cluster (GC) NGC 2419 show that it is unique among GCs, in terms of chemical abundance patterns, and some suggest that it was originated in the nucleus of a dwarf galaxy. Here we show, from the Subaru narrow-band photometry employing a calcium filter, that the red giant-branch (RGB) of this GC is split into two distinct subpopulations. Comparison with spectroscopy has confirmed that the redder RGB stars in the $hk$[=(Ca$-b)-(b-y)$] index are enhanced in [Ca/H] by $\sim$0.2 dex compared to the bluer RGB stars. Our population model further indicates that the calcium-rich second generation stars are also enhanced in helium abundance by a large amount ($Δ$Y = 0.19). Our photometry, together with the results for other massive GCs (e.g., $ω$ Cen, M22, and NGC 1851), suggests that the discrete distribution of RGB stars in the $hk$ index might be a universal characteristic of this growing group of peculiar GCs. The planned narrow-band calcium photometry for the Local Group dwarf galaxies would help to establish an empirical connection between these GCs and the primordial building blocks in the hierarchical merging paradigm of galaxy formation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for the publication in ApJL
A Miocene Mammalian Fauna From Sucker Creek, Southeastern Oregon
Creators: name: Scharf, David Walter
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1932
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Paleontology

description: Deposits occurring along Sucker Creek, a tributary of the Snake River, in southeastern Oregon, have yielded a small mammalian fauna which is correlated with the Virgin Valley fauna of Nevada and the Mascall fauna of Oregon, both of Middle Miocene age. The Sucker Creek fauna, though much less complete, closely resembles that from Skull Spring, a locality forty miles to the west. The beds are correlated with the Fayette formation of southwestern Idaho and have yielded also a Payette flora. The fauna indicates a semi-humid, forest environment.
Fossil Geese of the McKittrick Asphalt Deposits
Creators: name: Ross, Roland Case
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1932
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Paleontology

description: The geese although widespread in Recent times and well known have always been difficult of classification. Richard Lydekker (1910) says: "Although it has been attempted to divide the members of the order (Anseres) into several distinct families, the whole of them are so nearly allied that it seems impossible to do more than group the genera of the one family Anatidae under several subfamilies, and even some of these are very difficult of definition." The Anserinae or geese are one of these intergrading subfamilies.

The difficulties encountered in the determination and classification of modern geese from osteological criteria alone have severely handicapped the recognition of fossil members of the Anserinae. The present problem involved (1) an attempt to obtain a series of structural characters in the major skeletal elements by which specific types or geese can be distinguished, and -- (2) an application or these distinguishing characteristics in the study of the fossil goose material from the McKittrick Pleistocene with a view to determining the types of geese present in the fauna from these asphalt deposits.

As a result of the critical examination of modern types, sufficient data are assembled to show the intergradation of twelve native races. The same studies are being applied to foreign geese, bringing the races under observation to a total of twenty-four, which is 72% of the known Anserine species. The interspecific gradation is found to arise in a remarkable range of individual variation, coupled with sex, age and possibly health variations. Because of this variability within a species the criteria of current usage, length and stoutness, are seen to be mostly incorrect, and seldom usable. However, these data are quite useful in showing the extent of variation within particular species of geese, as follows.
Sino-Indian Standoff and its IT Implications in the wake of RCEP
Creators: name: Sudeep B Chandramana
name: Mathew, Terry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Economics
subject: 140215 Public Economics- Taxation and Revenue
subject: 140210 International Economics and International Finance
subject: 140102 Macroeconomic Theory
subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation
subject: 140212 Macroeconomics (incl. Monetary and Fiscal Theory)
subject: 160505 Economic Development Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 140213 Public Economics- Public Choice
subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The relations between India and China have been tense and taut with tension and conflict. In this article, we explore the potential economic impact of the Indo Chinese trade standoff with an analysis from the technology aspect. The significance of this sector in the post pandemic period and its future directions in the wake of RECP is also discussed. The possible mechanisms by which India’s self-reliance and commercial interdependence could lead the subcontinent towards peace and normalize India-China relations are also discussed. The future prospects of both countries depend on the economic might and this revelation calls for a concentrated effort from both countries to be responsible participants in the global economy. A display of economic prudence, rather than any specific bilateral factor is likely to bring a positive effect on the India-China relationship. Free-trade arrangement is a win-win situation for both countries if it is consistent with their growing dominance in international trade.
Creative Telescoping for Holonomic Functions
Creators: name: Koutschan, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand it is intended to serve as a gentle introduction to the topic of creative telescoping, from a practical point of view; for this purpose its application to several problems is exemplified. On the other hand, this chapter has the flavour of a survey article: the developments in this area during the last two decades are sketched and a selection of references is compiled in order to highlight the impact of creative telescoping in numerous contexts.
description: Tutorial and survey article, 24 pages
Broadening a nature of science conceptualization: Using school biology textbooks to differentiate the family resemblance approach
Creators: name: Reinisch, Bianca
name: Fricke, Kristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: biology
subject: curriculum
subject: family resemblance approach
subject: nature of science
subject: qualitative content analysis
subject: textbooks
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Previous research about the presence of nature of science (NOS) within science textbooks has been found to be lacking in sufficient coverage. However, given the shift in how scholars conceive of NOS, the shortcomings may not be present in the textbooks but rather in the NOS frameworks used to analyze textbooks. Whereas traditional NOS has taken a more generalized approach to describing scientific practices, the family resemblance approach (FRA) to NOS recognizes variability in the scientific disciplines as reported by practicing scientists as well as philosophers and historians of science. Instead of suggesting that NOS can be applied equally in educational settings to all scientific disciplines, the FRA accounts for cognitive‐epistemic and social‐instructional conceptual elements which more authentically represent science. This study sought to evaluate textbooks using this more recent NOS conceptualization to explore the potential range of NOS aspects. Using the proposed FRA categories, seven German biology textbooks were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The combination of cognitive‐epistemic and social‐institutional systems of science revealed that the FRA was a suitable mechanism for analyzing textbooks' coverage of NOS. Notably, FRA's distinct attention to modeling (absent from the discipline‐general NOS approach) revealed its presence in textbooks that would have gone unnoticed. Another finding was that the textbooks tended to emphasize the cognitive‐epistemic systems over the social‐institutional. Finally, this study found that even with a broader set of categories and subcategories to the FRA, the application to analyze was reliable.
Theorie der Differentialgleichungen. Über krumme Flächen und Linien doppelter Krümmung. Theorie der höheren algebraischen Flächen. Theorie der Abel'schen Funktionen, Vorlesungen von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1887

description: Notizen zu diversen Vorlesungen, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1887, im Wintersemester 1887/88 sowie im Sommersemester 1888 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 3 Bl. leer
Coalescing hardcore-boson condensate states with nonzero momentum
Creators: name: Zhang, C. H.
name: Song, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exceptional points (EPs), as an exclusive feature of a non-Hermitian system, support coalescing states to be alternative stable state beyond the ground state. In this work, we explore the influence of non-Hermitian impurities on the dynamic formation of condensate states in one-, two-, and three-dimensional extended Bose-Hubbard systems with strong on-site interaction. Based on the solution for the hardcore limit, we show exactly that condensate modes with off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO) can exist when certain system parameters satisfy specific matching conditions. Under open boundary conditions, the condensate states become coalescing states when the non-Hermitian $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric boundary gives rise to the EPs. The fundamental mechanism behind this phenomenon is uncovered through analyzing the scattering dynamics of many-particle wavepackets at the non-Hermitian boundaries. The EP dynamics facilitate the dynamic generation of condensate states with non-zero momentum. To further substantiate the theoretical findings, numerical simulations are conducted. This study not only unveils the potential condensation of interacting bosons but also offers an approach for the engineering of condensate states.
Über die Anwendung der Differential- und Integralrechnung auf Geometrie, Vorlesung von Adolf Hurwitz.
Beweis der Transzendenz von e und Pi (Weierstrass), ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1883

description: Notizen zur Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1883 an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, sowie zu einem Beweis.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 1 Bl. leer
The Phenomenon of Exquisite Motor Control in Tic Disorders and its Pathophysiological Implications
Creators: name: Ganos, Christos
name: Neumann, Wolf‐Julian
name: Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten R.
name: Bhatia, Kailash P.
name: Hallett, Mark
name: Haggard, Patrick
name: Rothwell, John
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: tic disorders
subject: Tourette syndrome
subject: motor control
subject: skilled movements
subject: motor learning
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The unifying characteristic of movement disorders is the phenotypic presentation of abnormal motor outputs, either as isolated phenomena or in association with further clinical, often neuropsychiatric, features. However, the possibility of a movement disorder also characterized by supranormal or enhanced volitional motor control has not received attention. Based on clinical observations and cases collected over a number of years, we here describe the intriguing clinical phenomenon that people with tic disorders are often able to control specific muscle contractions as part of their tic behaviors to a degree that most humans typically cannot. Examples are given in accompanying video documentation. We explore medical literature on this topic and draw analogies with early research of fine motor control physiology in healthy humans. By systematically analyzing the probable sources of this unusual capacity, and focusing on neuroscientific accounts of voluntary motor control, sensory feedback, and the role of motor learning in tic disorders, we provide a novel pathophysiological account explaining both the presence of exquisite control over motor output and that of overall tic behaviors. We finally comment on key questions for future research on the topic and provide concluding remarks on the complex movement disorder of tic behaviors.
Analytische Geometrie. Ausgewählte Kapitel aus der Theorie der krummen Flächen. Integralrechnung, Vorlesungen von Adolf Hurwitz.
Notizen, ausgearbeitet von Adolf Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Adolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1885

description: Notizen zu diversen Vorlesungen, vorgetragen im Wintersemester 1885/86 sowie im Wintersemester 1886/87 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 3 Bl. leer
Studying the gradient flow coupling in the Schrödinger functional
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Patrick
name: Ramos, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the setup and features of a new definition of the running coupling in the Schrödinger functional scheme based on the gradient flow. Its suitability for a precise continuum limit in QCD is demonstrated on a set of Nf=2 gauge field ensembles in a physical volume of L~0.4fm.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 29 - August 3, 2013, Mainz, Germany
StimFit — A Data‐Driven Algorithm for Automated Deep Brain Stimulation Programming
Creators: name: Roediger, Jan
name: Dembek, Till A.
name: Wenzel, Gregor
name: Butenko, Konstantin
name: Kühn, Andrea A.
name: Horn, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation
subject: image-guided DBS
subject: DBS programming
subject: DBS sweet spot
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Finding the optimal deep brain stimulation (DBS) parameters from a multitude of possible combinations by trial and error is time consuming and requires highly trained medical personnel. Objective: We developed an automated algorithm to identify optimal stimulation settings in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS based on imaging-derived metrics. Methods: Electrode locations and monopolar review data of 612 stimulation settings acquired from 31 PD patients were used to train a predictive model for therapeutic and adverse stimulation effects. Model performance was then evaluated within the training cohort using cross-validation and on an independent cohort of 19 patients. We inverted the model by applying a brute-force approach to determine the optimal stimulation sites in the target region. Finally, an optimization algorithm was established to identify optimal stimulation parameters. Suggested stimulation parameters were compared to the ones applied in clinical practice. Results: Predicted motor outcome correlated with observed outcome (R = 0.57, P < 10-10 ) across patients within the training cohort. In the test cohort, the model explained 28% of the variance in motor outcome differences between settings. The stimulation site for maximum motor improvement was located at the dorsolateral border of the STN. When compared to two empirical settings, model-based suggestions more closely matched the setting with superior motor improvement. Conclusion: We developed and validated a data-driven model that can suggest stimulation parameters leading to optimal motor improvement while minimizing the risk of stimulation-induced side effects. This approach might provide guidance for DBS programming in the future.
New Physics searches in heavy flavours in ATLAS
Creators: name: Leontsinis, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision determinations of the flavour sector allow the search for indirect new physics signatures. At the forefront of these studies are the determinations of interference of new physics with known $\upDelta F=1$ and $\upDelta F=2$ processes. The ATLAS collaboration explores this area with competitive results measuring the CP violating phase $ϕ_s$ from $B^0_s\to J/ψϕ$ decays and investigating rare $B$ decays with dileptons in the final state with data collected at the Large Hadron Collider. In this paper, the latest ATLAS results relevant for new physics searches in the heavy flavour sector will be discussed.
description: 5 pages, 13 figures, Proceeding for LHCP 2013: First Large Hadron Collider Physics Conference, Barcelona, Spain, 13-18 May 2013