cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wave statistics in intermediate and shallow water depths
Creators: name: Karmpadakis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The present study investigates the short-term statistical distributions of wave heights and crest heights arising in intermediate and shallow water depths. These represent key input parameters in a wide range of engineering applications. As such, their accurate prediction is of great importance for the effective design and safety of marine structures and vessels. The results presented herein are based upon the analysis of a vast database of field measurements, recorded by wave radars in the North Sea. These are supplemented by an extensive laboratory investigation of directionally spread sea-states. Strict quality control procedures were applied to the field measurements and a thorough validation process was adopted for the experimental investigation. The latter involved establishing good agreement between results obtained in facilities with very different operational characteristics. Most importantly, close agreement was obtained between laboratory and field data arising in similar sea-state conditions. Considering the statistical distribution of wave heights, the best performing models under a wide variety of met-ocean conditions are identified using the field data. Additionally, the analysis of experimental results provided physical insights regarding the effects of non-linearity, directionality, effective water depth and spectral bandwidth. Using this physical understanding, a new wave height model is proposed, providing an improvement over existing models. With respect to the distribution of crest heights, the existing statistical models are assessed using both field and experimental measurements. This analysis has provided conclusive evidence of significant departures from the widely applied Forristall (2000) distribution. These arise both as amplifications beyond the model’s predictions in sufficiently steep sea-states and reductions in those cases with significant wave breaking. These two competing mechanisms are further investigated with respect to their dependence on the sea-state steepness, directional spreading, effective water depth and spectral bandwidth. In incorporating these findings, a new crest height model is formulated building upon the proposed wave height model. Finally, the accuracy of both the proposed wave height and crest height models is demonstrated through comparisons with field measurements under a wide range of incident wave conditions and effective water depths.
EXTENSION ECONOMISTS' NEED FOR AAEA
Creators: name: Schermerhorn, Richard W.
name: Schermerhorn, Richard W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: When I accepted the assignment to discuss the topic, Extension Economists' Need for MEA, I thought it would be a relatively simple task. However, as I pursued the topic, it became very evident that it is not now, nor will it ever be, a simple task to discuss this area of concern. I should mention, at the beginning, that my remarks are based upon my experiences during 15 years with an extension appointment; six years experience as a Department Head with administrative responsibility for the extension, research and teaching activities of the Department; and solicited comments from the extension economists in our Department.
INTERNALIZING EXTERNALITIES OF PHOSPHORUS DISCHARGES FROM CROP PRODUCTION TO SURFACE WATER: EFFLUENT TAXES vs. UNIFORM REDUCTIONS
Creators: name: Casler, George L.
name: Jacobs, James J.
name: Casler, George L.
name: Jacobs, James J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Some economists have argued that the "solution to pollution" is effluent taxes. Ideally, the effluent tax should be set at a level which equates marginal social (economic) costs of effluent reduction with marginal social (economic) benefits of such reduction. Because of the difficulty of measuring these costs and benefits, particularly the benefits, in recent years economists have suggested an alternate approach, This approach requires that a socially acceptable standard of environmental (water) quality be set. Effluent taxes would then be used to achieve this standard. It has been argued that effluent taxes would achieve this standard at lower economic (social) cost than would policies such as uniform treatment or uniform reduction in effluent discharge by each discharger (Kneese; Kneese and Bower; Baumol and Oates; Baumol; Freeman, Haveman and Kneese). Horner has presented a concise review of the case for effluent taxes. Few economists have disagreed with this argument.
Ει! Μην κλείνεις το φως!». Η συνεργασία δύο Φορέων για να αναδείξουν την έννοια του φωτός, μέσω της Τέχνης και μέσω της Επιστήμης
Creators: name: Ηλιάδου, Ειρήνη Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Μουσειοπαιδαγωγική
Συνεργασία μουσείων
Επιστήμη και Τέχνη
Museum pedagogy
Museum collaboration
Art and Science

description: Σκοπό της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας αποτελεί η δημιουργία ενός πρωτότυπου εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος, το οποίο θα “ενώσει” δύο μουσεία και θα μπορέσει μελλοντικά, να πραγματοποιηθεί σε ρεαλιστικούς χρόνους και τόπους! Εναρμονισμένο με την εποχή του σήμερα, όπου οι άνθρωποι απομακρύνονται και τα μουσεία είναι κλειστά λόγω πανδημίας. Τα παιδιά θα εισπράξουν έντονα μία βιωματική εμπειρία, με την τέχνη και την επιστήμη να προσπαθούν να εξηγήσουν το φαινόμενο του φωτός. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο αυτής της απόπειρας θα αφορά το παιδί και το μουσείο και τη συνεργασία πολιτιστικών φορέων. Επίσης, θα γίνει προσπάθεια, μέσω της εργασίας να ακουστούν και φωνές εκπαιδευτικών και ανθρώπων των μουσείων σχετικά με τη συνεργασία φορέων και επιστημονικών κλάδων ειδικά τη σημερινή εποχή.
description: The main purpose of this master thesis is to create an original educational program, which will promote the cooperation of two museums and will be able to take place in real time. The educational program is harmonized with today's era, where people are moving away from the culture events and museums are closed due to a pandemic. Children will intensely gain an experiential experience, with art and science, which they will try to combine in order to interpret the phenomenon of light. The theoretical framework of this thesis concerns the museum education, the museum pedagogy and the cooperation of cultural institutions. In conclusion, an attempt will be made to present the views of educators and people working in the museum industry, regarding the cooperation of institutions and scientific disciplines, especially today.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Παιδαγωγικό Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης (Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας)
Physical adaptations informed by feedback control action in multi degrees of freedom robotic systems
Creators: name: Akhond, Saina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: One challenge in developing methods to share the control responsibility between physical mechanisms and feedback controllers is the di culty to model multiple degrees of freedom (DoF) systems with complex dynamics. This research uses geometrical frameworks to develop methodical approaches for identifying possible physical adaptations with the aim of reducing the control e ort and real time allocation of tasks to the adaptable joint in response to disturbances. First a novel method is formulated for identifying possible physical adaptations with no prior knowledge of the system dynamics and for an arbitrary choice of controller design by considering the projection of the dynamics on the phase portrait of a single DoF. Another challenge in apportioning the numerical control task to physical system is quantifying how much of control task should be allocated to the physical structure. Using the proposed method, an optimal range for magnitude of the physical adaptation emerges naturally using a cost function to minimize control cost. A second method is developed to guide local physical adaptations assisting the controller in stabilizing the motion of an under-actuated system upon disturbances where the control action is not su cient to maintain stability. Here, local physical adaptations act as an internal controller/mechanical feedback to bring the system back to the controllable region and relax once the controller can stabilize the system without assistance. We view the system as an interconnection of the controller, the physical body, and the environment via power conserving elements where, the body of the system itself is viewed as the interconnection of the physically adaptable joint with the rest of the body. Once again a geometric representation is used by modulating the system using a port Hamiltonian network. To summarize, the proposed methods focus on adapting one degree of freedom at a time with the goal of reducing the controller’s e ort and are capable of identifying possible physical components, finding an optimal range for the size of Physical component, and real time allo- cation of tasks to the adaptable joint as a Response to disturbances. An inverted pendulum, representing the trunk of a biped walker, was used to conduct numerical simulations and hardware experiments.
Doping dependent time-reversal symmetric nonlinearity of YBa_2Cu_3O_7-d thin films
Creators: name: Lee, Sheng-Chiang
name: Anlage, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the temperature dependent third harmonic response from a series of under-doped YBa_2Cu_3O_7-d thin films to address the mechanism of nonlinearity in these samples. We find that the intrinsic Ginzburg-Landau nonlinearity near Tc is doping dependent, with the sample becoming more nonlinear as it is under-doped. The results are consistent with the doping dependence of the condensation energy of YBa_2Cu_3O_7-d.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physica C for M2S-Rio conference press
Design & optimazation of chiral membranes for the separation of enantiomers
Creators: name: Michel, Marine
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Chiral separation of enantiomers is an essential undertaking throughout discovery given the importance of chirality in the biological response and the difference of biological activity between two enantiomers. Due to their similar physical and chemical properties, separation of enantiomers is a challenging task, but is crucial. While one enantiomers can constitute a cure for a specific disease, the incorrect enantiomer may have no curative effect or may be harmful. Chiral resolution of racemic mixtures has been broadly studied by various methods, among which membranes have potential for large-scale production of single enantiomers and are seen as serious candidates to revolutionise chiral separation processes. The method used in this thesis is based on the incorporation of chiral functional groups into polymeric membranes for the efficient, fast and sustainable separation of enantiomers. Organic-inorganic membranes containing chiral Metal Organic Frameworks have been investigated. MOFs have shown great potential for use as sorbents, unfortunately this technique did not give a satisfying enantioseparation to date. The fabrication of high-quality membranes containing chiral MOF is still a challenge today because of the difficulty in controlling the MOF growth and the implementation in polymeric membranes. Another strategy to develop chiral membranes was the use of chiral polymers to induce a chiral environment in the membrane. The performance was tested using different set-ups in order to optimize the process. A pressure driven set-up was compared with the usual preferential adsorption and concentration driven permeation method. Modifying P84 membranes with Polylysine and enhancing the chirality of the membrane via several chemical modifications enabled the separation of Tryptophan enantiomers. As an application of this chapter, a collaboration was established leading to the testing of another type of chiral membranes with the same characterisation set-ups. Membrane ageing was also investigated as high performance polymer membranes are prone to physical ageing and do not offer long term optimal stability. The anti-ageing performance of several nano-scale additives composite membranes has been studied and evaluated on the basis of crucial performance measures relevant to their real-world usage patterns. Particular focus has been placed on gas permeability, selectivity, and additive compatibility with P84 polymeric membranes. Even after continuous long-term exposure to aqueous solutions of alcohols, the selected composite membranes outperform the state-of-the-art of pervaporation membranes with fluxes higher than the current standard.
Gonarthrus kalaharicus Hesse 1936
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Gonarthrus
Gonarthrus kalaharicus

description: Gonarthrus kalaharicus Hesse
 Gonarthrus kalaharicus Hesse, 1936: 168.
 Distribution. Botswana, Namibia *.
 Material examined. Rundu District Hamoye Nat. Forest, 18°12’S 19°43’E, 5–8.iii.1999, E. Marais, Malaise trap, 1♂
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081
Intrinsic time resolution of 3D-trench silicon pixels for charged particle detection
Creators: name: Anderlini, Lucio
name: Aresti, Mauro
name: Bizzeti, Andrea
name: Boscardin, Maurizio
name: Cardini, Alessandro
name: Betta, Gian-Franco Dalla
name: Ferrero, Marco
name: Forcolin, Giulio
name: Garau, Michela
name: Lai, Adriano
name: Lampis, Andrea
name: Loi, Angelo
name: Lucarelli, Chiara
name: Mendicino, Roberto
name: Mulargia, Roberto
name: Obertino, Margherita
name: Robutti, Enrico
name: Ronchin, Sabina
name: Ruspa, Marta
name: Vecchi, Stefania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last years, high-resolution time tagging has emerged as the tool to tackle the problem of high-track density in the detectors of the next generation of experiments at particle colliders. Time resolutions below 50ps and event average repetition rates of tens of MHz on sensor pixels having a pitch of 50$μ$m are typical minimum requirements. This poses an important scientific and technological challenge on the development of particle sensors and processing electronics. The TIMESPOT initiative (which stands for TIME and SPace real-time Operating Tracker) aims at the development of a full prototype detection system suitable for the particle trackers of the next-to-come particle physics experiments. This paper describes the results obtained on the first batch of TIMESPOT silicon sensors, based on a novel 3D MEMS (micro electro-mechanical systems) design. Following this approach, the performance of other ongoing silicon sensor developments has been matched and overcome, while using a technology which is known to be robust against radiation degradation. A time resolution of the order of 20ps has been measured at room temperature suggesting also possible improvements after further optimisations of the front-end electronics processing stage.
description: This version was accepted to be published on JINST on 21/07/2020
COUPON REDEMPTION
Creators: name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Davis, James E.
name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Davis, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The contention that coupons are effective, in meeting the basic user objective of increasing sales has attained widespread acceptance among marketers and merchandisers. This is evident in a recent A.C. Nielsen report (1) which shows almost 100% growth in coupon use since 1971 while the number of companies using coupons reached record high levels during the early seventies.
Gonarthrus phileremus Hesse 1938
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Gonarthrus
Gonarthrus phileremus

description: Gonarthrus phileremus Hesse
 Gonarthrus phileremus Hesse, 1938: 659.
 Distribution. Namibia.
 Material examined. 1♀, Rundu District, Mile 46 Agric. Res. Sta., 18°45’22”S 19°15’24”E, 21–24.iv.2001, Marais, Kasch & Vonland; 1♀, Rundu District, Mile 46, 18°18’39”S 19°15’29”E, A.H. Kirk­Spriggs, Malaise traps; 1♂, Rundu District Matongo area, 18°18’37.2”S 19°15’36.7”E, 21–25.iv.2001, Marais, Kasch & Vohland, Malaise trap, deciduous woods, BIOTA#02.101.01.7.04.
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081
Additional file 2 of The origins of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Ecuador following increased migration from Venezuela and Colombia
Creators: name: Berry, Irina Maljkovic
name: Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt
name: Sippy, Rachel
name: Beltran-Ayala, Efrain
name: Figueroa, Katherine
name: Ryan, Sadie
name: Abhinaya Srikanth
name: Stewart-Ibarra, Anna
name: Endy, Timothy
name: Jarman, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. DENV1 full genome MCC tree on small dataset, BEASTFGD1.small. Taxa from Ecuador are color coded in green. Location origins are colored in the tree according to the legend. Times of the most recent common ancestors discussed in the text are noted next to the respective ancestor nodes.
Additional file 6 of Opioid and benzodiazepine dispensing and co-dispensing patterns among commercially insured pregnant women in the United States, 2007–2015
Creators: name: Qato, Danya M.
name: Aakash Bipin Gandhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Temporal trends in opioid dispensing and opioid-benzodiazepine co-dispensing in the post-delivery period by mode of delivery (cesarean delivery vs vaginal delivery) in the United States, 2007–2015. This figure displays the trends for opioid dispensing and opioid-benzodiazepine co-dispensing in the post-delivery period by mode of delivery among commercially insured women in the United States.
A Diquark Chiral Effective Theory and Exotic Baryons
Creators: name: Hong, Deog Ki
name: Sohn, Young Jin
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chiral effective theory of quarks and diquarks is formulated and applied to exotic tetraquarks and pentaquarks. The effective theory is similar to the chiral quark effective theory with the addition of diquark degrees of freedom and couplings to quarks. Chiral symmetry through generalized Goldberger-Treiman relations, fixes the mass splitting between the even and odd parity diquarks to be about 600 MeV. We provide an estimate of the parameters of the effective theory from both the random instanton model and known data on the low lying scalar nonet. We assess the static properties of the exotic baryons, such as their masses, magnetic moments and decay widths. We show that the small decay widths of the newly reported exotics are largely due to a large tunnelling suppression of a quark between a pair of diquarks. We find $Γ(Θ^+\to K^+n)\simeq 2.5\sim7.0 MeV$ and $Γ(Ξ^{--}\toΞ^- π^-)\simeq 1.7\sim4.8 MeV$.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Refined the analysis on decay width. Added two footnotes and a note on H1 experiment
A POOLED CROSS SECTIONAL TIME SERIES MODEL OF COUPON PROMOTIONS
Creators: name: Ward, Robert W.
name: Davis, James E.
name: Ward, Robert W.
name: Davis, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Advertising is playing an increasing role in the marketing of agricultural products and the literature on advertising theory is beginning to reflect this importance to agriculture trade [Hochman, Thompson, Ward, 1976]. Surprisingly, a number of specific media for informing and/or stimulating the consumer have received minimal analysis by economist. In particular, the economic theory of coupons and its applications have all but been ignored in the studies of advertising effectiveness. Yet, coupons represent a multi-million dollar industry with the majority of the programs related directly to food consumption [Henderson, Nielson, 1965, Nielson]. Recognizing the deficiency in both conceptual and applied research relating to the use of coupons, this paper will set forth some basic economic principles of coupons and then report the empirical results from a cross-sectional time series study of national coupon programs for promoting frozen concentrated orange juice.
Supplementary Methods, Tables, Figures and Data from The evolution of monogamy is associated with reversals from male to female bias in the survival cost of parasitism
Creators: name: Wittman, Tyler N.
name: Cox, Robert M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Includes all data used in the analysis and supplementary methods, tables and figures referenced in the main manuscript.
Ενδείξεις κανιβαλισμού σε ανθρώπινα σκελετικά κατάλοιπα από την αρχαιότητα έως σήμερα
Creators: name: Μαραγκουδάκη, Μαρινέλα Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Φυσική ανθρωπολογία
Ταφονομία
Σκελετικά κατάλοιπα
Κανιβαλισμός
Physical anthropology
Taphonomy
Human remains
Cannibalism

description: Η πρακτική του κανιβαλισμού εμφανίζεται για πρώτη φορά σε κείμενο του Ηροδότου, (Arens W., 1980). Σύμφωνα με το έργο του Arens, ο Ηρόδοτος περιγράφει την πρακτική των Σκυθών να καταναλώνουν ανθρώπινη σάρκα σε δύσκολες χρονικές περιόδους με σκοπό την επιβίωσή τους. Στην συνέχεια σε πολλά έργα περιηγητών περιγράφονται ιστορίες κανιβαλισμού οι οποίες βασίζονταν είτε σε τελετουργικές πρακτικές, είτε είχαν ως στόχο την ένδειξη υπεροχής φυλών έναντι αντιπάλων τους, ή/και για λόγους επιβίωσης. Στην εργασία αυτή θα ερευνήσουμε ενδείξεις κανιβαλισμού σε οστικά κατάλοιπα, τα οποία μελετήθηκαν και ερευνήθηκαν από ειδικούς επιστήμονες, όπως βιολόγοι, φυσικοί, βιολόγοι ανθρωπολόγοι και αρχαιολόγοι. Η έρευνα αυτή γίνεται στα πλαίσια του Διατμηματικού Προγράμματος Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης με τίτλο Ιστορία της Ιατρικής και Βιολογικής Ανθρωπολογίας: Υγεία, Νόσος και Φυσική Επιλογή, υπό την επίβλεψη και καθοδήγηση του Δρ. Κωσταντίνου Μωραΐτη Αναπληρωτή Καθηγητή Δικαστικής Ανθρωπολογίας του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών.
description: The practice of cannibalism first appears in a text by Herodotus (Arens W., 1980). According to Arens, Herodotus describes the Scythian practice of consuming human flesh during difficult times in order to survive. Many cannibalistic works then describe cannibalism stories that were either based on ritual practices, or aimed at showing the superiority of tribes over their opponents, or for reasons of survival. In this work we will investigate evidence of cannibalism in bones remains, which have been studied and researched by experts, such as biologists, physicists, biological anthropologists and archaeologists. This research is part of the Interdepartmental Program of Postgraduate Studies of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki entitled History of Medical and Biological Anthropology: Health, Disease and Natural Selection, under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Konstantinos Moraitis Associate Professor of Forensic Anthropology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιστορίας και Εθνολογίας (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
A low-mass galaxy cluster as a test-case study for the NIKA2 SZ Large Program
Creators: name: Kéruzoré, F.
name: Adam, R.
name: Ade, P.
name: André, P.
name: Andrianasolo, A.
name: Arnaud, M.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Bartalucci, I.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Benoît, A.
name: Bideaud, A.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Calvo, M.
name: Catalano, A.
name: Comis, B.
name: De Petris, M.
name: Désert, F. -X.
name: Doyle, S.
name: Driessen, E. F. C.
name: Gomez, A.
name: Goupy, J.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Ladjelate, B.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Leclercq, S.
name: Lestrade, J. -F.
name: Macías-Pérez, J. F.
name: Mauskopf, P.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Monfardini, A.
name: Perotto, L.
name: Pisano, G.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Ponthieu, N.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Revéret, V.
name: Ritacco, A.
name: Romero, C.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Ruppin, F.
name: Schuster, K.
name: Shu, S.
name: Sievers, A.
name: Tucker, C.
name: Zylka, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution mapping of the hot gas in galaxy clusters is a key tool for cluster-based cosmological analyses. Taking advantage of the NIKA2 millimeter camera operated at the IRAM 30-m telescope, the NIKA2 SZ Large Program seeks to get a high-resolution follow-up of 45 galaxy clusters covering a wide mass range at high redshift in order to re-calibrate some of the tools needed for the cosmological exploitation of SZ surveys. We present the second cluster analysis of this program, targeting one of the faintest sources of the sample in order to tackle the difficulties in data reduction for such faint, low-SNR clusters. In this study, the main challenge is the precise estimation of the contamination by sub-millimetric point sources, which greatly affects the tSZ map of the cluster. We account for this contamination by performing a joint fit of the SZ signal and of the flux density of the compact sources. A prior knowledge of these fluxes is given by the adjustment of the SED of each source using data from both NIKA2 and the \textit{Herschel} satellite. The first results are very promising and demonstrate the possibility to estimate thermodynamic properties with NIKA2, even in a compact cluster heavily contaminated by point sources.
description: 7 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the international conference entitled mm Universe @ NIKA2, Grenoble (France), June 2019, EPJ Web of conferences
Molecular dynamics of C-peptide of ribonuclease A studied by replica-exchange Monte Carlo method and diffusion theory
Creators: name: La Penna, Giovanni
name: Mitsutake, Ayori
name: Masuya, Masato
name: Okamoto, Yuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Generalized-ensemble algorithm and diffusion theory have been combined in order to compute the dynamical properties monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance experiments from efficient and reliable evaluation of statistical averages. Replica-exchange Monte Carlo simulations have been performed with a C-peptide analogue of ribonuclease A, and Smoluchowski diffusion equations have been applied. A fairly good agreement between the calculated and measured $^1$H-NOESY NMR cross peaks has been obtained. The combination of these advanced and continuously improving statistical tools allows the calculation of a wide variety of dynamical properties routinely obtained by experiments.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, (LaTeX); Chemical Physics Letters, in press
Mitigating the impact of influenza on health systems: pandemic hospitalizations and seasonal vaccination behavior
Creators: name: Lau, Krystal Wei
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Influenza is one of the most widespread respiratory illnesses worldwide with annual seasonal and occasional pandemic outbreaks that excise heavy health and economic tolls on unprepared health systems. Therefore, countries invest considerable resources into combatting both seasonal and pandemic influenza, albeit in dissimilar manners due to their differing natures. Due to the unpredictability of pandemics, health policymakers focus on hospital capacity and resource allocation planning. They need accurate estimates of how hospitalizations, their severity, and costs dynamically change throughout pandemic and post-pandemic waves of infection. Compliance with preventive measures, including vaccination, is key for seasonal influenza. Better understanding of behavioral drivers of influenza vaccination and potential interventions that could increase uptake is crucial. This thesis thus addresses policymakers’ needs to mitigate seasonal influenza by examining the impact of social norms messaging, a behavioral intervention, on vaccination intention (Chapter 2). I find evidence of both bandwagoning and free-riding effects, depending on the level of social norms intensity. I further investigate behavioral drivers of child vaccination uptake given the dual risk-taking parents undergo when making vaccination decisions for themselves and their children (Chapter 3). Parent vaccination is associated with increased child vaccination only for children aged 10-years-old or over. To address policymakers’ needs to mitigate pandemic influenza, I estimate hospital admissions and associated costs due to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the 2010/11 post-pandemic flu season in England (Chapter 4). I find 22,123 H1N1 hospitalizations across England, costing an extra £45.4 million GBP. Furthermore, I estimate hospitalization severity, mortality, and time lags between infection and hospitalization (Chapter 5). Hospitalization rates are 34% higher and severity is 20-90% greater during the post-pandemic period compared to the pandemic. The results from this thesis can help inform mitigation strategies to prevent and combat seasonal and pandemic influenza and help policymakers design future healthcare interventions.
Additional file 3 of The origins of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Ecuador following increased migration from Venezuela and Colombia
Creators: name: Berry, Irina Maljkovic
name: Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt
name: Sippy, Rachel
name: Beltran-Ayala, Efrain
name: Figueroa, Katherine
name: Ryan, Sadie
name: Abhinaya Srikanth
name: Stewart-Ibarra, Anna
name: Endy, Timothy
name: Jarman, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. TMRCA and location probabilities of viral introductions in large and small datasets.
THE ECONOMICS OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Castle, Emery N.
name: Castle, Emery N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: During this past year those of us who work at Resources for the Future were stimulated by our external Research Advisory Committee to identify the most important problems that will face our society in the next 25 years. Even though no attempt was made to select problems that ..were amenable to research, it was hoped that out of this would perhaps come new research efforts that would be of greater significance.
GROWTH OF FARM CO-OPS - THEIR IMPACT ON AGRIBUSINESS
Creators: name: McWilliams, Stephen A.
name: McWilliams, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The recent growth of farm co-ops has sparked attention from all areas of agribusiness. Because of their newly recognized growth, many areas of co-ops are being looked at intensively.
Optimisation methods for resilient and sustainable supply systems
Creators: name: Ehrenstein, Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: In the 21st century, humanity is tasked with the unprecedented challenge of transforming its global economy and operations in a way that respects the biophysical systems it depends on for survival, while ensuring that more than 7 billion people are able to lead happy and fulfilled lives. Adapting to a changing environment, including frequent periods of extreme weather, will require more resilient industrial and supply systems which can ensure the ongoing provisioning of communities with necessary goods and services. Mitigation of further changes requires the design of systems which respect Planetary Boundaries and avoid further destabilising an already vulnerable Earth system. The pursuit of sustainable development, and a safe and just global society, is dependent on action spanning all scales, from intergovernmental organisations to nations and local communities. This work addresses these challenges through the development and application of optimisation methods to support decision-making at the corporate, national, and international levels. We address the problem of the design of supply chains under threat of disruption through introduction of a novel solution method, arriving at near-optimal solutions in significantly reduced time. We apply the concept of Planetary Boundaries, which define a global safe operating space in terms of environmental impacts, to the design of alternative fuel supply chains, finding that while performance could be substantially improved compared to current operations, it would not be enough to concurrently satisfy all biophysical boundaries, highlighting the need for further research as well as a reduction in passenger transport volume in general. Finally, we present a cross-national analysis of the environmental efficiency of well-being, assessing countries’ efficiency in transforming their environmental impacts into a happy populace, concluding that while rich countries in particular need to significantly curb their resource use and emissions, this may be achievable with only moderate sacrifices in terms of well-being.
Open quantum systems and Schwinger-Keldysh holograms
Creators: name: Jana, Chandan
name: Loganayagam, R.
name: Rangamani, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the study of open quantum field theories using holographic methods. Specifically, we consider a quantum field theory (the system) coupled to a holographic field theory at finite temperature (the environment). We investigate the effects of integrating out the holographic environment with an aim of obtaining an effective dynamics for the resulting open quantum field theory. The influence functionals which enter this open effective action are determined by the real-time (Schwinger-Keldysh) correlation functions of the holographic thermal environment. To evaluate the latter, we exploit recent developments, wherein the semiclassical gravitational Schwinger-Keldysh saddle geometries were identified as complexified black hole spacetimes. We compute real-time correlation functions using holographic methods in these geometries, and argue that they lead to a sensible open effective quantum dynamics for the system in question, a question that hitherto had been left unanswered. In addition to shedding light on open quantum systems coupled to strongly correlated thermal environments, our results also provide a principled computation of Schwinger-Keldysh observables in gravity and holography. In particular, these influence functionals we compute capture both the dissipative physics of black hole quasinormal modes, as well as that of the fluctuations encoded in outgoing Hawking quanta, and interactions between them. We obtain results for these observables at leading order in a low frequency and momentum expansion in general dimensions, in addition to determining explicit results for two dimensional holographic CFT environments.
description: 36 pages + appendices, 6 figures. v2: fixed typos, added refs. v3: minor typos fixed. published version
The Income Distributional Impacts of Potential Policy Alternatives to Control Irrigation Return Flows
Creators: name: Horner, Gerald L.
name: Dudek, Daniel J.
name: Horner, Gerald L.
name: Dudek, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The projected income distributional impacts and the amounts of irrigation return flows of potential water quality regulations for the Western San Joaquin Valley was examined in this study. Two policies that may be implemented under the Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972 (PL 92-500) are: (1) to improve the irrigation water use by the imposition of more efficient water application and delivery systems; (2) to increase the price of surface water supplies to approximate the marginal value product of water. The imposition of more efficient water use resulted in a slight decrease in average income and the Gini coefficient and about an 80 percent decrease in the salt load and the salt concentration of the irrigation return flows. However, the higher surface water costs decreased average income by 34 percent and increased the Gini coefficient by .06. Total irrigation return flows and the salt load were decreased by about 35 percent. However, the salt concentration of the irrigation return flows from higher surface water costs was only slightly decreased.
Interplay of phase separation and itinerant magnetism for correlated few fermions in a double-well
Creators: name: Koutentakis, G. M.
name: Mistakidis, S. I.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the stability of the phase separation phenomenon in few-fermion spin-$1/2$ systems confined in a double-well potential. It is shown that within the SU(2) symmetric case, where the total spin is conserved, the phase separation cannot be fully stabilized. An interaction regime characterized by metastable phase separation emerges for intermediate interactions which is inherently related with ferromagnetic spin-spin correlations emanating within each of the wells. The breaking of the SU(2) symmetry crucially affects the stability properties of the system as the phase separated state can be stabilized even for weak magnetic potential gradients. Our results imply an intricate relation between the phenomena of phase separation and ferromagnetism that lies beyond the view of the Stoner instability.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
SOCIAL SCIENCE AND RELATED IMPLICAIONS
Creators: name: Hardin, Lowell S.
name: Hardin, Lowell S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: What we arc discussing is a U.S. public policy document Its message reinforces and is complemented by the rising concerns of non-farm groups. The right Lo food is discussed as a component of the human rights package. The World Food Council, some think, may become a serious forum for North-South dialogue. There is hope that Public Law 480 may become a food for development program with decreased emphasis on surplus disposal and diplomatic leverage. ]\lore importantly, international interdependencies among nations and societies arc increasingly w1derstood. Thus a variety o[ forces is at work Lo place at least part of the study's recommendations on the national policy agenda.
Regularized Deep Networks in Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Taxonomy and a Case Study
Creators: name: Bejani, Mohammad Mahdi
name: Ghatee, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are much correlated with data science mechanisms. Among the different correlation branches, this paper focuses on the neural network learning models. Some of the considered models are shallow and they get some user-defined features and learn the relationship, while deep models extract the necessary features before learning by themselves. Both of these paradigms are utilized in the recent intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to support decision-making by the aid of different operations such as frequent patterns mining, regression, clustering, and classification. When these learners cannot generalize the results and just memorize the training samples, they fail to support the necessities. In these cases, the testing error is bigger than the training error. This phenomenon is addressed as overfitting in the literature. Because, this issue decreases the reliability of learning systems, in ITS applications, we cannot use such over-fitted machine learning models for different tasks such as traffic prediction, the signal controlling, safety applications, emergency responses, mode detection, driving evaluation, etc. Besides, deep learning models use a great number of hyper-parameters, the overfitting in deep models is more attention. To solve this problem, the regularized learning models can be followed. The aim of this paper is to review the approaches presented to regularize the overfitting in different categories of ITS studies. Then, we give a case study on driving safety that uses a regularized version of the convolutional neural network (CNN).
description: A review paper with 8 pages, 2 figures, and 2 tables, submitted to 18th International Conference on Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Tehran, February 25-27, 2020. Artificial Intelligence Review (2021)
Supplementing the Conventional Derived Demand Model
Creators: name: O'Rourke, Desmond
name: O'Rourke, Desmond
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The conventional derived demand model is frequently inadequate in meeting some of the major purposes of empirical price analysis. This paper gives examples of the type of empirical problems which cause concern, discusses conventional solutions that are frequently employed, and examines other researchers attempts to develop alternative specifications. It suggests that for a large body of products which are sold through chain supermarkets there is a means by which the conventional derived demand model can be supplemented and extended in its usefulness to decision makers.
Additional file 1 of Genomic analysis of novel Yarrowia-like yeast symbionts associated with the carrion-feeding burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides
Creators: name: Brinkrolf, Karina
name: Shantanu P. Shukla
name: Griep, Sven
name: Rupp, Oliver
name: Heise, Philipp
name: Goesmann, Alexander
name: Heckel, David G.
name: Vogel, Heiko
name: Vilcinskas, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 Singleton genes of Yarrowia-like yeast genomes. Singleton genes were calculated with EDGAR [31]. Singletons are defined as genes without a reasonable BLAST hit against any gene within the other genomes in the comparison. We identified eight singletons for Y. strain C11, nine singletons for Y. strain E02 and one singleton for Y. strain H10.
Deep representation learning for fetal screening
Creators: name: Meng, Qingjie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Deep learning approaches enable automatic interpretation for fetal screening, which yields useful clinical information for prenatal medical care. However, utilising deep learning for fetal screening analysis is still challenging. Shadow artefacts in fetal ultrasound imaging may conceal anatomical structures, and thus result in poor anatomy visualisation and inaccurate image interpretation. The utilisation of learning-based fetal screening analysis algorithms in patient care at scale is hindered by the data difference of images obtained from different acquisition devices, hospitals and geographic regions. Shortage of workforce and requirement of special expertise lead to insufficient and coarse prior knowledge for fetal screening analysis. This thesis aims at developing deep learning methods for fetal screening analysis with little or no supervision, specifically on shadow artefacts and anatomical classification across different datasets. We first propose learning-based methods to estimate shadow confidence maps for fetal ultrasound images based on coarse and weak image annotations. The predicted dense shadow confidence maps show the probability of each pixel being shadow regions and can provide extra information for improving the performance of downstream automatic image analysis algorithms such as fetal ultrasound classification, multi-view image fusion and biometric measurement. We then address the problem of the constrained utilisation of fetal ultrasound standard plane classification model across different datasets. A deep learning-based method is proposed to align anatomical features between different datasets and it enables the consistent performance of fetal ultrasound standard plane classification on images acquired from different devices. Finally, we investigate the generalisation of task-specific models when images from different clinics do not share the same anatomical categories. We propose learning-based methods to separate the anatomical features from all other types of features, and thus to learn generalisable anatomical features. The proposed methods enable the classification of unseen anatomical categories, which can help clinicians from different clinical sites in a wide range of geographic areas to use the same fetal ultrasound standard plane classification model for the analysis of their own data.