cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the inapplicability of a negative-phase-velocity condition as a negative-refraction condition for active materials
Creators: name: Lakhtakia, A.
name: Mackay, T. G.
name: Geddes, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A negative-phase-velocity condition derived by Depine and Lakhtakia [Microwave Opt Technol Lett 41 (2004) 315] for isotropic, homogeneous, passive, dielectric-magnetic materials is inapplicable as a negative-refraction condition for active materials.
description: replacement for preliminary version submitted earlier by error
Legal Theory and Gendered History
Creators: name: Kessler-Harris, Alice
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: As a group, historians tend to be, if not anti-theoretical, at least atheoretical. We back away from developing theory, although we shamelessly adopt and adapt it and frequently invoke it to legitimize our interpretations. Marx, Freud, Foucault and Martha Nussbaum have all entered our work. Historians tend to use theory to sustain flimsy or controversial evidence-to provide the scaffolding that supports our conclusions. My comments in this Article address how we do that. How do we test abstract and thinly rooted theoretical frames against historical evidence that has often been carefully amassed and allowed to speak only for itself? How, specifically, do we do that with the work of Martha Nussbaum? For those of us who work on gender, Nussbaum’s work has played a crucial role. We rely on books like Nussbaum’s Sex and Social Justice as a guide. When we want to think about what liberalism means for women in the contemporary world, we turn to Martha Nussbaum. And when we get involved in debates about cultural relativism, it is Martha we turn to. We do so not because only a few people write cogently about feminist theory; rather, we do so because few scholars approach feminist theory with both anecdotal knowledge and legal expertise. Let me try to explain why that is important. Martha’s work has been guided by an effort to explore questions of values in general, and, in particular, questions of how aspirations to achieve a good society influence American law, international law, and public policy. But the historian who admires that goal also pauses to push the question a step further. How, we ask of Martha, do you understand the meaning of “good”? Historians might rephrase the question to ask, what does “the good” mean in any given society at a particular moment in time? Who defines “the good”? Who sets its boundaries? How is “the good” realized under particular historical circumstances? How is it rewarded? How does a particular image of “the good” produce particular behaviors, and under what conditions?
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
Transport of cosmic rays in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253
Creators: name: Heesen, Volker
name: Beck, Rainer
name: Krause, Marita
name: Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio halos require the coexistence of extra-planar cosmic rays and magnetic fields. Because cosmic rays are injected and accelerated by processes related to star formation in the disk, they have to be transported from the disk into the halo. A vertical large-scale magnetic field can significantly enhance this transport. We observed NGC 253 using radio continuum polarimetry with the Effelsberg and VLA telescopes. The radio halo of NGC 253 has a dumbbell shape with the smallest vertical extension near the center. With an estimate for the electron lifetime, we measured the cosmic-ray bulk speed as 300+/-30 km/s which is constant over the extent of the disk. This shows the presence of a "disk wind" in NGC 253. We propose that the large-scale magnetic field is the superposition of a disk (r,phi) and a halo (r,z) component. The disk field is an inward-pointing spiral with even parity. The conical (even) halo field appears in projection as an X-shaped structure, as observed in other edge-on galaxies. Interaction by compression in the walls of the superbubbles may explain the observed alignment between the halo field and the lobes of hot Halpha- and soft X-ray emitting gas. The disk wind is a good candidate for the transport of small-scale helical fields, required for efficient dynamo action, and as a source for the neutral hydrogen observed in the halo.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Astronomische Nachrichten (proceedings of Symposium 6 of the JENAM 2008, Vienna)
A Lot to Ask: Review Essay of Martha Nussbaum’s from Disgust to Humanity: Sexual Orientation and Constitutional Law
Creators: name: Case, Mary Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: The title of Martha Nussbaum’s recent book From Disgust to Humanity: Sexual Orientation and Constitutional Law encapsulates well the book’s normative and descriptive claims. In Nussbaum’s descriptive account, the politics of disgust have been and remain at the root of all opposition to recognition of legal rights for homosexuals, whether the issue be sodomy laws, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, same-sex marriage or venues for public sex. Although she acknowledges that explicit appeals to disgust have declined in recent years, Nussbaum argues that disgust “has not gone away, it has gone underground.” In Nussbaum’s normative view, disgust not only should be ruled categorically out of bounds as a basis for law and policy, but must be thoroughly extirpated and replaced with a “politics of humanity” involving not only sympathy, imagination, and respect, but “something else, something closer to love.” From the moment early in its conception when she first sought my input on this new book, I had to confess myself troubled by its central claims, given my own very different take on the constitutional law of sexual orientation. As I shall explain in the remainder of this essay, it seems to me that From Disgust to Humanity descriptively accounts for too little and normatively asks for too much. Although I am a lawyer and not a moral philosopher, I shall begin by questioning the more philosophical, less legal aspect of Nussbaum’s normative claims before moving on to give an alternate account of developments in the law.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
Teaching and Games. Introduction to the Special Issue
Creators: name: Berg Marklund, Björn
name: Loewen-Colón, Jordan
name: Saridaki, Maria
Publisher: name: gamevironments
Year: 2021

description: Previous special issues from gamevironments have explored, e.g., games’ entanglements with democracy (Pfister, Winnerling and Zimmermann 2020), nationalism and identity (Kienzl and Trattner 2019), ethics, and sociocultural developments (Grieve, Helland, Radde-Antweiler and Zeiler 2018). In this special issue, we hope to contribute to these explorations further by anchoring them in a specific environment: education. Through education, we encourage students to develop critical literacies that prepare them to analyse society, culture, politics, and ethics. Through the use of games, as well as the making of games, teachers are trying to find ways to empower students further in these pursuits. Games can provide meaningful spaces for learning and discourse, but in which ways does the actual game contribute to the space – in which ways might they detract from it? Understanding games and education is to understand the role of technology in a crucial part of society, and the contributions in this special issue will look at games as vehicles of learning, teaching, activism, exploitation, culture, and politics.
description: gamevironments, No. 15 (2021): Special Issue "Revisiting Teaching and Games. Mapping out Ecosystems of Learning"
Bible Games as Religious Educational Tools in Seventh-Day Adventist Church. A Ludic Inventory
Creators: name: Novaes, Allan Macedo De
name: Lima, Erick Euzébio
Publisher: name: gamevironments
Year: 2021

description: The Seventh-day Adventist Church has developed some analogical and digital games with religious education purposes over the last decades, so this article seeks to answer the following question: how does the Bible study paradigm influence the production of religious games at Seventh-day Adventist Church? The article maps the main Seventh-day Adventist game titles in English from the 1930s to nowadays, building a ludic inventory. Based on elements and procedures of content analysis method, the analysis of elements of the ludic inventory as title, game mechanics, genres, etc., show that the text-based Bible study paradigm of Seventh-day Adventist Church influenced the production of the church’s games with fundamental characteristics of Bible study guides incorporated into the game design and production, such as: (1) a question-and-answer style, (2) an emphasis on mastering text-location in the Bible, and (3) a memorization of texts. Besides, the analysis of the ludic inventory also presents that the SDA games were designed under some Seventh-day Adventist religious education principles, involving the discussion about the conceptual binomials competition versus cooperation and fun versus recreation.
description: gamevironments, No. 15 (2021): Special Issue "Revisiting Teaching and Games. Mapping out Ecosystems of Learning"
Upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds from a lattice Higgs-Yukawa model with dynamical overlap fermions
Creators: name: Gerhold, P.
name: Jansen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model, in particular, obeying a Ginsparg-Wilson version of the underlying SU(2) x U(1) symmetry, being a global symmetry here due to the neglection of gauge fields in this model. In this paper we present our results on the cutoff-dependent upper Higgs boson mass bound at several selected values of the cutoff parameter.
description: Presented at 27th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2009), Beijing, China, 25-31 Jul 2009
Feminism as Liberalism: A Tribute to the Work of Martha Nussbaum
Creators: name: Higgins, Tracy E.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: It is a great pleasure for me to participate in this symposium organized to honor the work of Professor Martha Nussbaum. In her scholarship, Professor Nussbaum has accomplished over and over again something that is altogether too rare in the academy; she manages simultaneously to take seriously both theory and the material conditions of people’s lives, producing work that is both rigorous and relevant. Her scholarship has long informed my own both in feminist legal theory and in human rights advocacy, helping me to bridge the gap between theory and practice. For this reason, I am especially grateful for the opportunity to participate in this symposium. In this essay, I revisit and expand an argument I have made with respect to the limited usefulness of liberalism in defining an agenda for guaranteeing women’s rights and improving women’s conditions. After laying out this case, I discuss Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach to fundamental rights and human development and acknowledge that her approach addresses to a significant degree many of the objections I and other feminist scholars have raised. I then turn to fieldwork that I have done in South Africa on the issue of custom and women’s choices with regard to marriage and divorce. Applying Professor Nussbaum’s capabilities approach in this setting, I speculate as to the types of regulatory schemes that would be either demanded or tolerated by her approach. In the final part of the essay, I suggest that the capabilities approach offers a powerful means of specifying the preconditions for women’s exercise of autonomy within the liberal state but that it proves somewhat less useful as a guide to policy choices under conditions that fall far short of this ideal.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
Theorizing and Litigating the Rights of Sexual Minorities
Creators: name: Levit, Nancy
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: It is an extraordinary honor to participate in a symposium that is a tribute to the works of Martha Nussbaum. She is not only one of the country’s absolute best moral philosophers, but there is also simply nobody better at doing the deep thinking about what it means to respect the dignity of human beings.’ One of the best measures of a society is how it treats its vulnerable groups. A central idea Professor Nussbaum poses in many of her writings is that all humans “are of equal dignity and worth, no matter where they are situated in society.” The strategic challenge in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT) rights litigation is how to get courts to see sexual minorities as people worthy of equal dignity and respect. Martha Nussbaum has done tremendous theoretical work on the role of negative emotions, such as disgust and shame, in the criminalization of particular forms of sexual conduct. This Article will focus on the roles of a positive emotion- love-and a procedural method of proof-science-in the shaping of laws defining the rights of sexual minorities. While Professor Nussbaum does not explicitly address the functions of science in this area, she champions reason, and an examination of the types of empirical information she presents demonstrates a place for the scientific method in the search for social justice. A discussion of the role of love in LGBT rights litigation emanates, generally speaking, from a larger discussion of liberty and autonomy, while a discussion of the role of science stems, speaking even more generally, from a larger discussion of equality. To gain greater rights for sexual minorities, advocates must paint an inclusive picture of love and relationships and must insure that science is an ally rather than an enemy in the battle.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
Supplementary Methods, Figures and Tables from Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags
Creators: name: Wilson, Rory P.
name: Rose, Kayleigh A.
name: Gunner, Richard
name: Holton, Mark D.
name: Marks, Nikki J.
name: Bennett, Nigel C.
name: Bell, Stephen H.
name: Twining, Joshua P.
name: Hesketh, Jamie
name: Duarte, Carlos M.
name: Bezodis, Neil
name: Jezek, Milos
name: Painter, Michael
name: Silovsky, Vaclav
name: Crofoot, Margaret C.
name: Harel, Roi
name: Arnould, John P. Y.
name: Allan, Blake M.
name: Whisson, Desley A.
name: Alagaili, Abdulaziz
name: Scantlebury, D. Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Contains details on species-specific tagging procedures and supplementary figures and tables
On the symbol error probability of regular polytopes
Creators: name: Agrell, Erik
name: Karlsson, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An exact expression for the symbol error probability of the four-dimensional 24-cell in Gaussian noise is derived. Corresponding expressions for other regular convex polytopes are summarized. Numerically stable versions of these error probabilities are also obtained.
Martha Nussbaum, Essentialism, and Human Sexuality
Creators: name: Ball, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: It is an honor to participate in this program recognizing the work of Professor Martha Nussbaum. A few years ago, after being fortunate enough to have been awarded tenure, the university library at the institution where I worked at the time asked me to choose a book I valued for an exhibit of books chosen by recently tenured professors. I chose Nussbaum’s Women and Human Development, a book that has had a deep intellectual influence on me.’ One of the chapters in that book is titled “In Defense of Universal Values,” a topic that is relevant to this Article. Critiques of essentialism are a common theme in the writings of many contemporary academics. Indeed, queer theorists, critical race theorists, post-structuralists, post-colonialists, and many feminists consistently take issue with the notion that there are attributes or traits that are intrinsically constitutive of categories such as men and women, heterosexuals and homosexuals, disabled and non-disabled, and so on.2 The emphases and nuances of the anti-essentialist critiques differ depending on membership in particular academic camps and disciplines. However, the critiques uniformly reject moral, philosophical, and political understandings that are explicitly or implicitly grounded in the notion that identities-and for some critics, even the very idea of a “human being”-are static and fixed, that is, immune or separate from forces of social construction. Anti- essentialist critiques hold instead that much (or all) of what constitutes us as individuals is socially constructed and therefore fluid and contestable.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
Introduction
Creators: name: Franke, Katherine
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Each year, the Center for Gender & Sexuality Law devotes a day- long symposium to the significant contributions of a senior scholar to the literature of gender and/or sexuality law and theory. For our inaugural symposium we were pleased to have selected Martha Nussbaum, the Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago with joint appointments in the Philosophy Department, Law School and Divinity School. Professor Nussbaum’s work spans a daunting terrain. In her work as a classicist and theorist of liberal humanism, she has both explored an ethics of vulnerability and human flourishing, in The Fragility of Goodness (1996), and defended liberal education in Cultivating Humanity (1997). In Hiding from Humanity (2004) she used tools from moral psychology to better understand the role that shame and disgust play in legal argument, focusing in particular on the subordination of women, Jews and homosexuals. Her Sex and Social Justice (1999) defended a universal notion of gendered and sexuality-based justice that demonstrates the ineluctable link between sex and social justice. Finally, in Women and Human Development (2000) and Frontier of Justice (2006) she made a compelling case for defining development goals in terms of human capabilities that insist on the priority of gender and sex-based justice.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2010)
How local politicians navigate interests and institutions responsible for land use : the case of Vancouver’s Langara Golf Course
Creators: name: Kropp, Kaelen Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: With the growth of urban populations and development in major Canadian cities, local governments face increasing challenges in determining how best to regulate public space and navigate competing pressures associated with land use. However, despite its importance, the dynamics influencing local politicians’ decisions regarding land use, particularly in the context of municipal golf courses, remain understudied. This thesis addresses this research gap by investigating the case of Langara Golf Course in Vancouver, British Columbia. The golf course, a 114-acre city-owned facility, has become the centre of a contentious debate, sparking intense deliberations by local politicians on exploring alternative land uses. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study combines in-depth interviews with five local politicians and comments from 30 local politicians during the 2018-2020 deliberation period. The integration of qualitative and quantitative content analysis techniques reveals five key themes that influence local politicians' decisions regarding municipal golf course land use: (1) partisan affiliation, (2) equity considerations, (3) environmental factors, (4) economic factors, and (5) governance institutions and systems stabilizing municipal golf courses. The findings underscore the significant influence of partisan affiliation on shaping decisions regarding municipal golf course land use, showing that conservative politicians are more inclined than their progressive counterparts to seek to maintain them. Moreover, they shed light on the role of local governance structures and systems, revealing that the at-large electoral system in Vancouver discourages local politicians from seriously considering alternative land uses for recreational sites like Langara Golf Course. In response to these findings, this thesis introduces a new framework for understanding how local politicians navigate interests and institutions responsible for land use from either a systemic or localized approach. The systemic approach emphasizes municipal golf courses as part of a larger parks and recreation portfolio, while the localized approach focuses on site-specific factors and the needs of the immediate community nearby. By situating golf courses within the broader context of urban governance and public administration research, this thesis constitutes an early effort to understand political decision-making in managing public spaces and recreational amenities in large and diverse cities.
Robustness of Trans-European Gas Networks
Creators: name: Carvalho, Rui
name: Buzna, Lubos
name: Bono, Flavio
name: Gutierrez, Eugenio
name: Just, Wolfram
name: Arrowsmith, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we uncover the load and fault-tolerant backbones of the trans-European gas pipeline network. Combining topological data with information on inter-country flows, we estimate the global load of the network and its tolerance to failures. To do this, we apply two complementary methods generalized from the betweenness centrality and the maximum flow. We find that the gas pipeline network has grown to satisfy a dual-purpose: on one hand, the major pipelines are crossed by a large number of shortest paths thereby increasing the efficiency of the network; on the other hand, a non-operational pipeline causes only a minimal impact on network capacity, implying that the network is error-tolerant. These findings suggest that the trans-European gas pipeline network is robust, i.e., error tolerant to failures of high load links.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures (minor changes)
On the ϕ(1020)f_0(980) S-wave scattering and the Y(2175) resonance
Creators: name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
name: Oller, J. A.
name: Alarcon, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the ϕ(1020)f_0(980) S-wave scattering at energies around threshold employing chiral Lagrangians coupled to vector mesons through minimal coupling. The interaction kernel is obtained by considering the f_0(980) as a K\bar{K} bound state. The Y(2175) resonance is generated in this approach by the self-interactions between the ϕ(1020) and the f_0(980) resonances. We are able to describe the e^+e^-\to ϕ(1020)f_0(980) recent scattering data to test experimentally our scattering amplitudes, concluding that the Y(2175) resonance has a large ϕ(1020)f_0(980) meson-meson component.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Outward Migration of Terrestrial Embryos in Binary Systems
Creators: name: Payne, Matthew J.
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
name: Thébault, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the formation and migration of protoplanetary embryos in disks around the stars in tight binary systems (separations ~ 20 AU. In such systems, the initial stages of runaway embryo formation are expected to only take place within some critical disk radius a_{crit}, due to the perturbing effect of the binary companions (Thebault et al. 2009). We perform n-body simulations of the evolution of such a population of inner-disk embryos surrounded by an outer-disk of smaller planetesimals. Taking Alpha Centauri-B as our fiducial reference example in which a_{crit} ~ 0.7 AU, and using a Minimum Mass Nebular Model with $Σ\propto a^{-3/2}$, we find that within 10^6 yrs (10^7 yrs), systems will on average contain embryos which have migrated out to 0.9 AU (1.2 AU), with the average outer-most body having a mass of 0.2 M_{earth} 0.4 M_{earth}. Changes to increase the surface density of solids or to use a flatter profile both produce increased embryo migration and growth. At a given time, the relative change in semi-major axis of the outer-most embryo in these simulations is found to be essentially independent of a_{crit}, and we note that little further embryo migration takes place beyond 10^7 years. We conclude that the suppression of runaway growth outside a_{crit} does not mean that the habitable zones in such tight binary systems will be devoid of detectable, terrestrial mass planets, even if a_{crit} lies significantly interior to the inner edge of the habitable zone.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Who’s the Man – Masculinties Studies, Terry Stops, and Police Training
Creators: name: Cooper, Frank Rudy
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2009

description: We men have some strange rituals. One occurs on the basketball court. A player will make a move around a defender and score a basket. Then he’ll shout, “who’s the man?” He wants his opponent to say, “You are the man.” This episode is a paradigmatic description of how masculinities work. Men often act with the goal of impressing other men. We gain our masculine esteem and relative masculine stature from other men’s acknowledgements of our masculinity. Sociologist Michael Kimmel puts it best: “[w]e are under the constant careful scrutiny of other men. Other men watch us, rank us, grant our acceptance into the realm of manhood. Manhood is demonstrated for other men’s approval.” The need for other men’s approval leads us to constantly call out, “who’s the man?.” Kimmel helps us see that masculinities are expressed through encounters where one man can demand that another man acknowledge him as “the man.” The existence of the “who’s the man?” game is revealed by studying hegemonic masculinity5 using the literature from the field of masculinities studies. To date, the legal literature on masculinities has focused on employment discrimination and equal protection. This Article applies the masculinities studies literature to the field of criminal procedure and asks the following question: How does masculinity affect policing? This is an important question, given that policemen have nearly unique powers to make others acknowledge them as “the man” while ostensibly merely performing their duties.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 18 No. 3 (2009)
Multi-terminal quantum transport through a single benzene molecule: Evidence of a Molecular Transistor
Creators: name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore multi-terminal quantum transport through a benzene molecule threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm flux $ϕ$. A simple tight-binding model is used to describe the system and all the calculations are done based on the Green's function formalism. With a brief description of two-terminal quantum transport, we present a detailed study of three-terminal transport properties through the benzene molecule to reveal the actual mechanism of electron transport. Here we numerically compute the multi-terminal conductances, reflection probabilities and current-voltage characteristics in the aspects of molecular coupling strength and magnetic flux $ϕ$. Most significantly we observe that, the molecular system where the benzene molecule is attached to three terminals can be operated as a transistor, and we call it a molecular transistor. This aspect can be utilized in designing nano-electronic circuits and our investigation may provide a basic framework to study electron transport in any complicated multi-terminal quantum system.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
A Note on Distributional Semi-Riemannian Geometry
Creators: name: Steinbauer, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss some basic concepts of semi-Riemannian geometry in low-regularity situations. In particular, we compare the settings of (linear) distributional geometry in the sense of L. Schwartz and nonlinear distributional geometry in the sense of J.F. Colombeau.
description: 11 pages, Contribution presented at the 12th Serbian Mathematical Congress, Novi Sad, September 2008
Conservation state of rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) in Zacatecas, Mexico
Creators: name: Lara Galván, Jesús Lenin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rattlesnakes
subject: Conservation
subject: Species distribution
subject: Ethnobiology
subject: Biological diversity
subject: Zacatecas
subject: IMRN
subject: Crotalus
subject: Wildlife
subject: http://agrovoc.uniroma2.it/agrovoc/agrovoc/en/page/c_33949
subject: http://agrovoc.uniroma2.it/agrovoc/agrovoc/en/page/c_33955
subject: http://agrovoc.uniroma2.it/agrovoc/agrovoc/en/page/c_15208

description: Abstract. Regarding herpetofaunal diversity, Mexico has an exceptional performance, especially since it is the country with the greatest number of venomous reptiles in the world. The Crotalus genus is well represented in the country, with 90 % of the species of the genus distributed throughout its territory. These organisms are of high interest from an ecological point of view, as they are catalogued as natural plague controllers, and also in terms of biology and the relationship between distribution patterns and species diversity. Additionally, it is noteworthy to highlight their key role in the cultural, social and alimentary fields, due to these organisms feature that many stories, beliefs, myths and realities around of them. All the aforementioned aspects make rattlesnakes an ideal study group. Therefore, this project aimed at gaining insight into the actual and potential distribution of the nine Crotalus species present in Zacatecas, which was possible thanks to the use of species distribution modelling that enabled the creation of potential distribution maps. These were useful to determine those areas with highest and lowest diversity in a state scale for each of the nine species. This information was subsequently utilised to investigate those zones with outstanding distribution potential, where new occurrences of these organisms were registered and further information concerning their ecology, behaviour biology, local knowledge and traditional uses was gathered. The municipalities of Fresnillo, Sombrerete and Valparaíso were found to exhibit the largest amount of species, among which C. atrox, C. lepidus, C. molossus and C. scutulatus were the most frequently spotted ones in the entity. Finally, the principal medicinal and commercial uses of these species were identified, and a collection of myths and beliefs around these organisms in all the visited localities was compiled. This constitutes a first approach to the conservation state of these organisms in Zacatecas.
description: Thesis. M. Sc. in Innovation in Natural Resources Management, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, 2018
Toys Are Us: Sex Toys, Substantive Due Process, and the American Way
Creators: name: Waldo, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2009

description: In the six years since the Supreme Court decided Lawrence v. Texas,I circuit courts have disagreed over the proper standard of review for statutes that implicate sexual privacy. Two cases stand out: Williams v. Attorney General of Alabama, from the Eleventh Circuit in 2004, and Reliable Consultants v. Earle, from the Fifth Circuit in 2008. In Williams, the court upheld an Alabama statute that prohibited the sale of sex toys; in Reliable, the court struck down a Texas statute with similar wording. The judges in both cases, whether writing for the majority or for the dissent, measured the statutes against Justice Kennedy’s opinion in Lawrence, but their interpretations differed in significant respects. The majority in Williams, along with the dissent in Reliable, thought Lawrence required rational basis review and that the sex toy statute would easily pass. Conversely, the dissent in Williams believed that the Alabama statute should be assessed under strict scrutiny but that it would fail even rational basis review. Finally, the majority in Reliable was careful to apply neither rational basis nor strict scrutiny, instead simply “apply[ing] Lawrence.” After Lawrence, those who have written about the circuit courts’ treatment of sex toy statutes have generally focused on the right to sexual privacy threatened by these bans, which they contend that the majority in Williams and the dissent in Reliable failed to appreciate. However, this Article will argue that the circuit courts’ disagreement in Williams and Reliable is a result of the courts’ continued, but misguided, practice of evaluating the nature of the right asserted by the claimant. Lawrence should be regarded as a retreat from this practice. The Lawrence Court, after finding that the statute at issue addressed a relationship that was outside the proper realm of state action, struck it down as prohibiting activity which was “within the liberty of persons to choose. What Lawrence left unresolved was how future courts should determine when state action impermissibly treads upon this “liberty.” That is the problem which this Article aims to solve.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 18 No. 3 (2009)
Rigorous scaling law for the heat current in disordered harmonic chain
Creators: name: Ajanki, O.
name: Huveneers, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80A20 (Primary), 82C44, 60J35 (Secondary)

description: We study the energy current in a model of heat conduction, first considered in detail by Casher and Lebowitz. The model consists of a one-dimensional disordered harmonic chain of n i.i.d. random masses, connected to their nearest neighbors via identical springs, and coupled at the boundaries to Langevin heat baths, with respective temperatures T_1 and T_n. Let EJ_n be the steady-state energy current across the chain, averaged over the masses. We prove that EJ_n \sim (T_1 - T_n)n^{-3/2} in the limit n \to \infty, as has been conjectured by various authors over the time. The proof relies on a new explicit representation for the elements of the product of associated transfer matrices.
description: 38 pages
Soft capacitive 3-axis force sensor arrays for smart wearables
Creators: name: Gao, Jian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Soft flexible force sensors are highly desired in the world of wearables for health monitoring applications and novel human-computer interfaces. To this end, a variety of flexible conductive materials have been investigated as electrodes under various sensing schemes. However, many of the proposed sensors, characterized in laboratory environments, have not been successfully deployed as standalone wearable devices due to high power consumption, bulky electronics, and noise in sensor signals introduced by human bodies. Meanwhile, the complexity and expensive materials in several sensor designs added to the difficulty in mass production. In this thesis, we propose a soft flexible capacitive force sensing system that is low in power (20 mW), low in cost (<10 USD per sensor), fast in scanning (max 10,000 points per second), and Bluetooth-enabled (max 2 Mbps bandwidth). By measuring mutual capacitances between electrodes with specific spatial arrangement, our sensing system captures multiple modalities of information such as normal force, shear, and proximity. Composed with sensing points in an array, our sensors adapt well in the wearable context consisting of custom Flexible Printed Circuit Boards, stretchable conductive fabric, and silicone rubber. As the first example, for foot plantar pressure analysis, an insole sensor is demonstrated to capture normal force at 80 locations with 2.6 kPa-1 sensitivity (0-28 kPa) and shear force at 16 locations with 2.8 kPa-1 sensitivity (0-14 kPa). The second example is a watchband sensor designed to gather touch input to a smartwatch. Gestures of press, slide, and pinch can be picked up by the sensor and interpreted as commands. For both examples, normal force, shear, and proximity are visualized in a custom iOS/iPadOS/watchOS app, showing great user friendliness of the proposed sensing system towards many wearable applications.
Quasi-Colonial Bodies: An Analysis of the Reproductive Lives of Poor Black and Racially Subjugated Women
Creators: name: Bridges, Khiara M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2009

description: This Article analyzes the relationship between the struggle for the recognition of Black women’s reproductive rights in the United States and the fight for racial justice. Specifically, it argues that the problematization of poor Black women’s fertility–evidenced by the depiction of single Black motherhood as a national crisis,1 the condemnation of poor Black women who rely on public assistance, and the portrayal of their children as an embryonic “criminal class”-ought to be understood as a form of contempt for Black women’s reproductive rights. Differently stated, the lack of acknowledgment in legal, political, and popular discourse that motherhood is a legitimate choice for poor Black women demonstrates that their right to reproduce is disparaged. Further, this censure of poor Black women’s fertility ought to be understood not only as a failure of the reproductive rights movement, but also as a matter of racial injustice. That is, the struggle of poor Black women to have their reproductive choices respected is a struggle for racial equality. Conceptualizing Black women’s reproductive rights struggles as a racial injustice may seem counterintuitive. This is in part due to the widespread exclusion of gender-related issues from social movements for racial equality. Many Black feminists have noted that the paradigmatic subject of racial justice movements has been the Black man, while the paradigmatic subject of gender justice movements has been the White woman. As political scientist Shatema Threadcraft recently commented, “that our understanding of contemporary race problems is dominated by issues of criminal justice and public education, and that our understanding of gender politics assumes that the biggest struggles that women have faced are around access to legitimate public roles, reveals troubling gender and racial bias, respectively.”
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 18 No. 2 (2009)
The Meaning of Life: Belief and Reason in the Abortion Debate
Creators: name: Borgmann, Caitlin E.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2009

description: In 1993, a man named Michael Griffin killed David Gunn, a forty- seven-year-old doctor who provided abortions at a clinic in Pensacola, Florida. Before shooting Gunn three times in the back, Griffin yelled, “Don’t kill any more babies!” According to news reports, protestors present at the clinic that day, members of a “militant” anti-abortion-rights group, were elated, shouting, “Praise God! Praise God! One of the baby- killers is dead.”, Yet “mainstream” anti-abortion-rights groups, who are more representative of the majority of abortion-rights opponents, were quick to renounce the murder, sensing “a public-relations disaster.” In August 2008, then-presidential nominees Senators Barack Obama and John McCain appeared separately at a religious forum hosted by best-selling author and evangelical pastor, Rick Warren. Warren asked each candidate at what point “a baby [is] entitled to human rights.”, McCain responded simply, “At conception.” This position appears consistent with Griffin’s view that abortion amounts to killing babies, and at odds with McCain’s own support for stem cell research and for abortion under limited circumstances. Yet, far from challenging McCain, Warren seemed satisfied that McCain’s answer encapsulated a complete and coherent moral position on abortion. Suggesting that no further examination was warranted, he remarked, “Okay. We don’t have to go longer on that one.” For his part, Obama answered that “if you believe that life begins at conception, then- and you are consistent in that belief-then I can’t argue with you on that.” Obama’s response mirrored the standard liberal position, which divorces the moral question of “life”-what it means and when it begins-from the legal questions of abortion and personhood.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 18 No. 2 (2009)
Relics of Double Radio Sources
Creators: name: Dwarakanath, K. S.
name: Kale, Ruta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have formed a new sample which consists of extended extragalactic radio sources without obvious active galactic nuclei (AGN) in them. Most of these sources appear to be dead double radio sources. These sources with steep spectra ($α< $ -1.8; S $\propto ν^α$) were identified using the 74 (VLSS) and the 1400 MHz (NVSS) surveys and further imaged using the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Giant Meterwave RadioTelescope (GMRT). The radio morphologies of these sources are rather unusual in the sense that no obvious cores and jets are detected in these sources, but, two extended lobes are detected in most. The mean redshift of 4 of the 10 sources reported here is $\sim$ 0.2. At a redshift of 0.2, the linear extents of the sources in the current sample are $\sim$ 250 kpc with their spectral luminosities at 1.4 GHz in the range 2-25 x 10$^{23}$ W Hz$^{-1}$. The steep spectra of these sources is a result of the cessation of AGN activities in them about 15 -- 100 million years ago. Before the cessation of AGN activity, the radio luminosities of these galaxies were $\sim$ 1000 times brighter than their current luminosities and would have been comparable to those of the brightest active radio galaxies detected in the local universe (L$_{1.4} \sim$ 10$^{27}$ W Hz$^{-1}$). The dead radio galaxies reported here represent the $'$tip of the iceberg$'$ and quantifying the abundance of such a population has important implications to the life cycle of the AGN.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted by the ApJ Letters
Testing spectral models for stellar populations with star clusters: I. Methodology
Creators: name: Fernandes, Roberto Cid
name: Delgado, Rosa M. Gonzalez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution spectral models for simple stellar populations (SSP) developed in the past few years have become a standard ingredient in studies of stellar population of galaxies. As more such models become available, it becomes increasingly important to test them. In this and a companion paper, we test a suite of publicly available evolutionary synthesis models using integrated optical spectra in the blue-near-UV range of 27 well studied star clusters from the work of Leonardi & Rose (2003) spanning a wide range of ages and metallicities. Most (23) of the clusters are from the Magellanic clouds. This paper concentrates on methodological aspects of spectral fitting. The data are fitted with SSP spectral models from Vazdekis and collaborators, based on the MILES library. Best-fit and Bayesian estimates of age, metallicity and extinction are presented, and degeneracies between these parameters are mapped. We find that these models can match the observed spectra very well in most cases, with small formal uncertainties in t, Z and A_V. In some cases, the spectral fits indicate that the models lack a blue old population, probably associated with the horizontal branch. This methodology, which is mostly based on the publicly available code STARLIGHT, is extended to other sets of models in Paper II, where a comparison with properties derived from spatially resolved data (color-magnitude diagrams) is presented. The global aim of these two papers is to provide guidance to users of evolutionary synthesis models and empirical feedback to model makers.
description: accepted to MNRAS
CORE VALUES OF HOSPITALITY EXPERIENCE THROUGH MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Creators: name: Coelho Mariana De Freitas
name: Wada Elizabeth Kyoko
name: Parra-López Eduardo
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2021
Subjects: HOSPITALITY EXPERIENCE
HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
COMMUNICATION
INFORMATION
ENTERTAINMENT
LOCALIZATION

description: This study aims to identify the core values that mobile technology can add to hospitality experience. Ouro Preto, a historical Brazilian destination, was chosen for the development of a qualitative research design, directed by mobile ethnography literature. We collected data in two distinguished moments 1) a bar meeting, unknown to the guests and 2) a solo trip behold in three different local accommodations (Airbnb, Hostel and Lodge). We analyzed data with content analysis with thematic categorization. Results reinforce that technology enhances experiences through interactivity and social engagement, but it also sustains well-being as a central category. The guest-host hospitality experience permeates technology to create core values to the guest such as to inform, to communicate, to entertain and for their localization.
Reproductive Rights as Health Care Rights
Creators: name: Hill, B. Jessie
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2009

description: The idea that abortion rights are central to protecting women’s health will hardly come as a surprise to most reproductive rights advocates. For example, much of the recent litigation challenging states’ legal restrictions on abortion has centered around the requirement of a health exception-that is, around the question of whether legislation regulating abortion must contain an exception for cases where the regulated procedure is necessary to protect the woman’s health. Reproductive rights organizations also often espouse the language of “women’s health.” Indeed, those organizations, along with numerous other NGOs and some scholars, advocate greater recognition of the fact that reproductive health care in all of its manifestations-not just access to abortion and contraception, but also access to safe obstetric and gynecologic care, adequate prenatal nutrition and care, and sexually transmitted disease prevention-is an important part of women’s health care in general. At the same time, however, feminist legal scholars have largely shied away from discussing abortion as primarily a medical procedure, instead emphasizing the idea of abortion as an intensely personal decision and as a right that is essential to women’s equal citizenship. This framework underscores the concepts of decisional autonomy and equality underpinning the constitutional right to choose abortion. Although there are valid reasons for the emphasis taken by those reproductive rights scholars, this Article argues that it may be time to consider embracing an approach that emphasizes abortion as a form of health care.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 18 No. 2 (2009)