cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First among equals: male-male competition among the bardi of Northwestern Australia and its implications for human evolution
Creators: name: Coxworth, James E.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2013
Subjects: Aboriginal Australia
Deference
Natural selection
Nonhuman primates
Prestige
Status

description: In this dissertation, I follow three avenues of inquiry regarding status competition among the Bardi - a group of part-time foragers living in northwestern Australia. The first focuses on how the current array of status-linked behaviors came to be so widely used. After a brief introduction, I present findings from a year-long ethnographic study of Bardi men. I review the recent, postcontact history of the region with special emphasis on venues of status competition. Relying upon comparative and historical evidence as well as theoretical inferences, I detail how two novel status-linked behaviors (i.e., wage labor and dealing with bureaucracy) emerged in the latter half of the twentieth century as well as the effects of religious and governmental interventions on more traditional activities such as big game hunting and gaining cultural knowledge. Describing how these options emerged provides key insights into the contemporary competitive environment in Bardi country, but a comprehensive picture of male competition there requires a sense of how men make use of these behaviors. The third chapter therefore engages the observation that men have many more options for seeking status when compared to other primate males, yet we know relatively little about how men cope with the sometimes-overwhelming array of opportunities. Focusing on whether men constrain their efforts to just a few behaviors or whether they make use of every available opportunity, I find that the most prominent men are known for their success in most, if not all, domains of status competition. In the fourth chapter, my coauthors and I build upon lessons from the Bardi case in reviewing distinctive attributes of men's competitive behavior. We begin with the observation that, as compared to status seeking among other male primates, men rely less on within-group violence, make use of a wider range of behaviors, and readily incorporate new opportunities into their behavioral repertoire. Through a survey of relevant ethnographic, primatological, and experimental evidence, we tie these characteristics to the uniquely human aptitude for and interest in sharing mental states with others.
Search for new physics in the lepton plus missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for physics beyond the standard model (SM) in final states with an electron or muon and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis uses data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016-2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. No significant deviation from the SM prediction is observed. Model-independent limits are set on the production cross section of W' bosons decaying into lepton-plus-neutrino final states. Within the framework of the sequential standard model, with the combined results from the electron and muon decay channels a W' boson with mass less than 5.7 TeV is excluded at 95% confidence level. Results on a SM precision test, the determination of the oblique electroweak $W$ parameter, are presented using LHC data for the first time. These results together with those from the direct W' resonance search are used to extend existing constraints on composite Higgs scenarios. This is the first experimental exclusion on compositeness parameters using results from LHC data other than Higgs boson measurements.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-19-017 (CMS Public Pages)
Violation of $γ$ in Brans-Dicke gravity
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
name: Chauvineau, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Brans Class I solution in Brans-Dicke gravity is a staple in the study of gravitational theories beyond General Relativity. Discovered in 1961, it describes the exterior vacuum of a spherical Brans-Dicke star and is characterized by two adjustable parameters. Surprisingly, the relationship between these parameters and the properties of the star has not been rigorously established. In this Proceeding, we bridge this gap by deriving $\textit{the}$ complete exterior solution of Brans Class I, expressed in terms of the total energy and total pressure of the spherisymmetric gravity source. The solution allows for the $\textit{exact}$ derivation of $\textit{all}$ post-Newtonian parameters in Brans-Dicke gravity for far field regions of a spherical source. Particularly for the $γ$ parameter, instead of the conventional result $γ_{\,\text{PPN}}=\frac{ω+1}{ω+2}$, we obtain the analytical expression $γ_{\,\text{exact}}=\frac{ω+1+(ω+2)\,Θ}{ω+2+(ω+1)\,Θ}$ where $Θ$ is the ratio of the total pressure $P_{\parallel}^{*}+2P_{\perp}^{*}$ and total energy $E^{*}$ contained within the mass source. Our $\textit{non-perturbative}$ $γ$ formula is valid for all field strengths and types of matter comprising the mass source. Consequently, observational constraints on $γ$ thus set $\textit{joint}$ bounds on $ω$ and $\varTheta$, with the latter representing a global characteristic of the mass source. More broadly, our formula highlights the importance of pressure (when $\varTheta\neq0$) in spherical Brans-Dicke stars, and potentially in stars within other modified theories of gravitation.
description: Proceeding of the 12th Bolyai-Gauss-Lobachevsky Conference (BGL-2024): Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Physics and Mathematics, Budapest 2024. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2404.00094
Are We Ready for Robust and Resilient SLAM? A Framework For Quantitative Characterization of SLAM Datasets
Creators: name: Ali, Islam
name: Zhang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reliability of SLAM systems is considered one of the critical requirements in modern autonomous systems. This directed the efforts to developing many state-of-the-art systems, creating challenging datasets, and introducing rigorous metrics to measure SLAM performance. However, the link between datasets and performance in the robustness/resilience context has rarely been explored. In order to fill this void, characterization of the operating conditions of SLAM systems is essential in order to provide an environment for quantitative measurement of robustness and resilience. In this paper, we argue that for proper evaluation of SLAM performance, the characterization of SLAM datasets serves as a critical first step. The study starts by reviewing previous efforts for quantitative characterization of SLAM datasets. Then, the problem of perturbation characterization is discussed and the linkage to SLAM robustness/resilience is established. After that, we propose a novel, generic and extendable framework for quantitative analysis and comparison of SLAM datasets. Additionally, a description of different characterization parameters is provided. Finally, we demonstrate the application of our framework by presenting the characterization results of three SLAM datasets: KITTI, EuroC-MAV, and TUM-VI highlighting the level of insights achieved by the proposed framework.
description: 7 Pages, Accepted to IROS 2022, updating to the latest submitted version
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.07.1966, erstellt als erste Tagesaufnahme um 8 h 20 von Annie Hovaere, Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage in Uccle.
Instrument: Merz-Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 160 mm, f = 2450 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Inhibitory processes in task switching
Creators: name: Costa, Russell E.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cognitive control
Inhibition
Task switching

description: Do we selectively attend to the task we are currently performing only through the facilitation of goal relevant information or do we also actively inhibit irrelevant and  potentially distracting information? The three experiments reported here addressed the role of inhibition in the task selection process, specifically in situations that involve task switching. The first two experiments used experimental designs that allowed us to investigate the role of backward inhibition in task switching in novel ways, finding that backward inhibition is associated with bivalent (Experiment 1A) and univalent  (Experiment 1B) target stimuli. The use of bivalent stimuli in Experiment 1A also allowed for the evaluation of whether the recently abandoned task set was actively  inhibited or whether it showed residual activation and resulted in proactive interference. Experiment 2 used explicit as well as transition cues ("repeat" or "switch") with three tasks in order to separate the processes of activating a specific new task from disengaging the previous task. This design also allowed us to measure inhibition during the trial on which it occurred as opposed to previous work on the inhibition of task sets which could only measure the cost of overcoming inhibition applied on previous trials. Results from all three experiments suggest that inhibitory processes associated with disengagement from old task sets play a significant role in the task switching process and, more generally, in cognitive control.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22356.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.11.1966, erstellt von Antoine Zelenka
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Mormon women's experiences with same-sex sexuality
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jeanna
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2013
Subjects: Lesbian
Mormon or LDS or Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Religious identity
Same-sex sexuality
Sexuality
Spiriuality

description: This phenomenological qualitative study examines 28 Mormon women's experiences with same-sex sexuality through the use of in-depth interviews. Twentythree women who have experienced same-sex sexuality comprised the primary group of participants from whom findings were analyzed. Additional findings from a theoretical sampling of 4 heterosexual women and 1 transgendered woman who identifies as lesbian are also presented. Participants identify as members or former members of The Church of Jesus-Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). Half of the sample continues to hold a Mormon identity and the other half have dis-identified with the religion. Well-educated, Caucasian women who were raised in the Church comprise the majority of the sample. Findings present a synopsis of each woman's experience and thematic results. Major themes include sexuality, religion, spirituality, family, community, coming out, mental health, and reconciling. Findings suggest that family and community play a major role in the process of identity development. W omen identify with their religious identity to differing degrees and same-sex sexuality may or may not pose a threat to this identity. Most women experienced some conflict between their religious identity and experience of same-sex sexuality. Many women struggled with issues of guilt, shame, and selfhatred. However, women who challenged their religious identity prior to questioning their sexual identity did not experience the same level of conflict between their religious identity and sexual orientation. Several women experienced challenges to their religious iv identity not related to their same-sex sexuality. Some women rejected their religious identity and still struggled with accepting their sexuality. Mormon women appear to go through traditional sexual minority identity development stages (including awareness, exploring, accepting, and then internalizing a sexual minority identity). Religious identity and sexual identity are two different, although potentially interconnecting, identities. Cultural factors and internalized homophobia from a Mormon upbringing appeared to impact the sexual identity formation process. Reconciling sexuality and spiritual/religious beliefs is an on going process. This process may be revisited throughout a woman's lifespan as she considers new experiences and re-evaluates prior choices. The women in this study showed incredible resilience in the face of traumatic experiences. Implications for counselors, social supports, families, ecclesiastical leaders, and women who experience same-sex sexuality are presented.
Additional file 1 of Does access to no-cost contraception change method selection among individuals who report difficulty paying for health-related care?
Creators: name: Gero, Alexandra
name: Simmons, Rebecca G.
name: Sanders, Jessica N.
name: Turok, David K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Method Effectiveness Chart.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22274.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.07.1966, erstellt von Berthold Hermes
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Immunological aspects of deoxyribonucleic acid and carcinogenesis
Creators: name: Bringhurst, Mark Dilworth
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Tumor antigens
DNA - Immunology

description: 1.  LD50 values and 95% confidence limits were determined for the ip route with one strain each o EAT and S-37 tumors.  The values obtained were:  for EAT 2,000 ± 560; for S-37 45,000 ± 11,866.  2.  DNP and DNA were prepared from EAT and S-37 tumors and the prepared material was used for immunization.  3.  Mice immunized with DNP prepared from EAT and S-37 and subsequently challenged with viable EAT and S-37 tumor cells showed a considerable degree of resistance as compared to the unimmunized control animals.  4.  Cross immunity was demonstrated between mice immunized with DNP from one tumor and challenged with tumor cell other than the type used for immunization.  5.  Mice immunized with DNA prepared from EAT and S-37 cells and challenged with viable EAT and S-37 tumor cells showed increased resistance as compared to the unimmunized control animals.  The degree of resistance induce using material without the protein moiety was less that that induced by using DNP.  6.  Cross immunity was also demonstrated between mice immunized with DNA from one type of tumor cell and then challenged with tumor cells other than the type from which the nucleic acid for immunization was obtained.  However, the immunity in this latter circumstance was considerably less than when the immunization carried out with the corresponding DNP.  7.  DNP prepared from normal mouse tissue and used for immunization showed no measurable induction of resistance when the mice were tested by challenge with viable tumor cells.  8.  Microscopic observation of peritoneal washing from immunized and normal mice that had been challenged with viable tumor cells showed a significantly different cellular and humoral response over a 72-hour period.  This response was indicated by lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltration and by lysis of tumor cell.
Entanglement Renormalization of a $T\bar{T}$-deformed CFT
Creators: name: Cardona, Biel
name: Molina-Vilaplana, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we use cMERA, a continuous tensor network, to find a Gaussian approximation to the ground state of a $T\bar{T}$-deformed scalar CFT on the line, to first order in the deformation parameter. The result is used to find the correction to the correlators of scaling operators of the theory and to the entanglement entropy of a half-line. From the latter, we discuss the non-localities induced by the $T\bar{T}$-deformation at short length scales. We find that the kind of non-locality generated by those terms can be considered as a mild-one, in the sense that it does not violate the area law of entanglement. In the context of the conjectured connection between cMERA and holography, we find that at first insight a finite bulk radius can be defined in the putative geometric dual description of cMERA. However, the entropy analysis contradicts the proposal that no geometry can be ascribed to the region outside this radial cutoff.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor amendments and corrections, references added, published version
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22280.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.08.1966, erstellt von Berthold Hermes
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 29.11.1966, erstellt von Gisèle Kesteloot, Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage in Uccle.
Instrument: Merz-Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 160 mm, f = 2450 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22342.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.10.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Tunable crossed Andreev reflection in a heterostructure consisting of ferromagnets, normal metal and superconductors
Creators: name: Soori, Abhiram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) is a nonlocal transport phenomenon in a system of two normal metal (NM) leads connected to a superconductor (SC) that converts the electron like excitations in one metallic lead into hole like excitations in the other metallic lead. The scattering phenomena viz. electron tunneling (ET), electron reflection (ER) and Andreev reflection (AR) compete with CAR and reduce the probability of CAR generically. One of the experimentally realized proposals to observe CAR is to employ two ferromagnetic (FM) leads in antiparallel configuration connected to the SC by suppressing ET and AR. But CAR probability cannot be tuned in this setup. We propose a setup consisting of a gate tunable NM region connected to two superconducting regions on either side which are connected to FM leads further away in antiparallel configuration, in which probabilities of CAR and ER can be changed from $0$ to $1$ by a changing the gate voltage applied to the NM region. The gate voltage applied to the NM region dictates the chemical potential of the NM region and gives a handle on the Fabry-Pérot interference of the electron and hole modes in the NM region. We calculate differential transconductance for the proposed setup which can be tuned across the range $0$ to $-e^2/h$.
description: 6 pages, 5 captioned figures
Additional file 2 of Does access to no-cost contraception change method selection among individuals who report difficulty paying for health-related care?
Creators: name: Gero, Alexandra
name: Simmons, Rebecca G.
name: Sanders, Jessica N.
name: Turok, David K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Counseling Discussion Guide.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 29.11.1966, erstellt von Salih Karaali an der Universitätssternwarte Istanbul
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Istanbul Universitesi Observatuari, Beyazit (Istanbul). Instrument: Zeiss Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 130 mm, f = 2000 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22360.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.11.1966, erstellt von Antoine Zelenka
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Fast and scalable quantum Monte Carlo simulations of electron-phonon models
Creators: name: Cohen-Stead, Benjamin
name: Bradley, Owen
name: Miles, Cole
name: Batrouni, George
name: Scalettar, Richard
name: Barros, Kipton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce methodologies for highly scalable quantum Monte Carlo simulations of electron-phonon models, and report benchmark results for the Holstein model on the square lattice. The determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) method is a widely used tool for simulating simple electron-phonon models at finite temperatures, but incurs a computational cost that scales cubically with system size. Alternatively, near-linear scaling with system size can be achieved with the hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) method and an integral representation of the Fermion determinant. Here, we introduce a collection of methodologies that make such simulations even faster. To combat "stiffness" arising from the bosonic action, we review how Fourier acceleration can be combined with time-step splitting. To overcome phonon sampling barriers associated with strongly-bound bipolaron formation, we design global Monte Carlo updates that approximately respect particle-hole symmetry. To accelerate the iterative linear solver, we introduce a preconditioner that becomes exact in the adiabatic limit of infinite atomic mass. Finally, we demonstrate how stochastic measurements can be accelerated using fast Fourier transforms. These methods are all complementary and, combined, may produce multiple orders of magnitude speedup, depending on model details.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22252.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.07.1966, erstellt von Berthold Hermes
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Rubidium and potassium concentrations in human blood and urine
Creators: name: Wood, Orin Lew
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012

description: The naturally occurring rubidium and potassium concentrations wee measured in human plasma, erythrocytes and urine for normal, diseased and pregnant Utah subjects.  The mean plasma Rb concentration in the normal adult subjects was 0.16 microgram/ml (y/ml) with a standard deviation (SD) of ±0.028 y/ml and the mean K concentration was 160 y/ml (±16.1 y/ml SD). The mean erythrocyte Rb concentration in the normal adult subjects was 1.18 y/ml (±0.623 y/ml SD) and the mean K concentration was 3840 y/ml (±142 y/ml SD).  The mean urine Rb concentration in normal adult subjects was 1.52 y/ml (±0.549 y/ml SD) and the mean K concentration was 1910 y/ml (±581 y/ml SD).  The Rb and K concentrations in the pregnant and diseased subjects did not vary significantly from the normal means.  The mean estimated in Rb dietary intake rate for the normal adult subjects was 2.16 mg/d (±0.747 mg/d DS) and the estimated mean rate for K was 2.46 g/d (±0.040 g/d SD).  The Adjusted Retentioin Ration (ARR), a ration of concentration ratios, was defined as AAR= (RB/K) Erythrocytes/(Rb/K)Excreta.  The mean ARR for the normal adult subjects was 1.19 (±0.106 SD).  A mean ARR > 1 indicates that Rb is preferentially retained in the erythrocyte compared to K when normalized for dietary intake.  A subject with Duchenne muscular dystrophy had a ARR of 0.995 (±0.0694 SD).  The estimated Rb whole-body burden in a normal 37 y old, 82 kg, 178 cm tall male was 0.28 g as calculated from 83Rb tracer measurements and the urine output rate of naturally occurring Rb.  The Rb whole-body burden for a 15 y old, 69 kg, 140 cm tall male with Duchenne muscular dystrophy was 0.064 g.
Energy partitioning in ballistic impact fragmentation of titanium boride
Creators: name: Jagannathan, Madhusudan
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Ballistic impact
Energy partitioning
Fragmentation
Titanium boride

description: The study focuses on setting up a laboratory-scale ballistic testing apparatus in order to investigate the mechanisms through which the ballistic energy of a projectile is dissipated by a nearly monolithic nanostructured ceramic (titanium boride or TiB) and to  determine the partitioning of the ballistic energy. From the past research in our group, it has been found that nanostructured TiB possesses attractive mechanical properties such as high hardness and high elastic modulus which makes it a potential candidate for armor  applications. The ballistic testing system consisted of a chamber made from compressed rubber pads with a backing plate made of steel or aluminum (on which the target sample was attached) and a rifle mounted on a rest pad at the other end. To validate the testing system, mild steel plates of three thicknesses were impacted with bullets having velocities in the range of 700 to 830 m/s. The velocities were controlled by varying the amount of gunpowder load in the bullets. Complete penetration was observed in the thin plates (with thickness 9.5 mm) whereas the penetration was partial in the 15.9 and the 19.1 mm thick plates. Two batches of nine TiB plates with thicknesses varying between 5 mm to 18 mm were hot pressed and impacted by bullets having velocities in the range of 725 to 750 m/s. Aluminum backing plates were glued to the TiB plates to help in calculating the  energy absorbed by the ceramic. The thinner TiB plates had a larger proportion of finer iv fragments compared to the thicker plates. The calculated energy of fragmentation for the TiB plates was found to be negligible with respect to the bullet kinetic energy. The  energy spent in backing plate deformation was calculated by adding the energies for bending and tensile stretching of the plate. It was found that for the thinnest TiB plate (5 mm), the percentage of the bullet energy that went into backing plate deformation was close to 50 % whereas for plates thicker than 12 mm, it was between 5-10 %. The energy absorption of the TiB plates increased with the plate thickness but beyond a certain  thickness (15 mm), the increase was not significant. The kinetic energy of the fragments, erosion of the bullet, sound, heat, and light appear to be additional mechanisms of energy dissipation.
Publication, Dissemination and Research Integrity: An Educational Scenario by the EnTIRE project
Creators: name: Lewis, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: research integrity
research ethics

description: Members of The Embassy of Good Science have developed a set of eight scenarios for educational purposes and to stimulate strategic thinking about issues in research ethics and research integrity. This scenario presents a hypothetical narrative on the theme of Publication and Dissemination. It focuses on issues regarding: Dual submissions Authorship lists Plagiarism Complaints procedures Editorial decisions Retraction It is interspersed with questions and resource suggestions that help guide researchers, research ethics committees ('RECs'), research integrity offices ('RIOs') and research administrators in their deliberations concerning the research integrity issues raised by the narrative.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22377.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.12.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Adductor spasmodic dysphonia versus muscle tension dysphonia: exploring the percision of phonatory break analysis as a diagnostic test
Creators: name: Whitchurch, Melissa
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012

description: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) have voice characteristics that can mimic each other, thus leading to diagnostic  confusion. Given the perceptual similarity, specific distinguishing features are needed to objectively compare characteristics of ADSD and MTD. Intraword phonatory breaks, comprising of a complete absence of phonation, are one such acoustic feature that needs  further research. This investigation assessed the diagnostic worth of acoustic analysis of phonatory breaks as a possible objective test to distinguish ADSD from MTD.   Fifty-nine subjects with MTD and 41 subjects with ADSD were recorded reading an all-voiced consonant sentence: Early one morning a man and a woman were ambling along a one-mile lane running near Rainy Island Avenue. The presence and duration in milliseconds of any within-word phonatory breaks were measured. Estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and likelihood ratios were calculated to determine the precision and worth of phonatory break analysis as a clinical diagnostic test.  Results revealed that (a) individuals with ADSD showed a higher mean number of phonatory breaks as compared to individuals with MTD; (b) phonatory breaks occurred in participants with ADSD, particularly at durations less than 60 ms as compared to the  MTD group. Also, the ideal duration of phonatory break measurement was 40 ms; (c) all measures of diagnostic precision were markedly better in males. Males with MTD rarely evidenced phonatory breaks, and no male subject with MTD had a break greater than 70 ms; (d) as the number of phonatory breaks increased, diagnostic  precision also increased. For example, when a patient has more than four phonatory breaks, it can be quite confidently concluded that the patient has ADSD. It can be concluded that combining information regarding duration and frequency, along with knowledge of gender, improved diagnostic test performance. Automation of the acoustic analysis procedure should be explored.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.12.1966, als Blatt eröffnet dank auswärtiger Beobachtungen, ausgewertet in Zürich
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung bzw. Auswertung aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen direkt auf dem Vordruck, erstellt durch Mitarbeitende der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich
Complete theory of radiative corrections to $K_{\ell 3}$ decays and the $V_{us}$ update
Creators: name: Seng, Chien-Yeah
name: Galviz, Daniel
name: Gorchtein, Mikhail
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fill up the missing piece in our own re-analysis of the long-distance electromagnetic radiative corrections to semileptonic kaon decays by performing a rigorous study in the $K\rightarrowπμ^+ν_μ(γ)$ channels. With appropriate experimental and lattice inputs, we achieve a precision level of $10^{-4}$ in these channels. This is comparable to our previous analysis in the $K\rightarrowπe^+ν_e(γ)$ channels. With this new result, we present an updated global analysis to extract the Standard Model parameter $|V_{us}|$ from semileptonic kaon decays. We obtain $|V_{us}|=0.22308(55)$ and $0.22356(73)$, using the lattice average of the $K^0\rightarrowπ^-$ transition form factor at $N_f=2+1+1$ and $N_f=2+1$, respectively.
description: Version accepted by JHEP, including a slight change of the title
Kantowski-Sachs spherically symmetric solutions in teleparallel $F(T)$ gravity
Creators: name: Landry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate time-dependent Kantowski-Sachs spherically symmetric teleparallel $F(T)$ gravity in vacuum and in a perfect isotropic fluid. We begin by finding the field equations and solve for new teleparallel $F(T)$ solutions. With a power-law ansatz for the coframe functions, we find new non-trivial teleparallel $F(T)$ vacuum solutions. We then proceed to find new non-trivial teleparallel $F(T)$ solutions in a perfect isotropic fluid with both linear and non-linear equation of state. We find a great number of new exact and approximated teleparallel $F(T)$ solutions. These classes of new solutions are relevant for future cosmological applications.
description: 41 pages, no figure
Naphthenic Acids Disrupt Courtship in Silurana tropicalis
Creators: name: Zhang, Wo Su
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Courtship behaviours
Aquatic toxicology
Endocrine disruption

description: Neuroendocrine processes coordinate the behavioural, physiological, and seasonal aspects of reproduction. Some chemicals can disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, impacting reproductive health. Naphthenic acids (NAs), the carboxylic acids in petroleum, are of emerging concern as they contaminate coastlines after oil spills and aquatic ecosystems of the Athabasca oil sands area. They are acutely toxic in fish and tadpoles and possibly endocrine disrupting at sublethal levels. I characterized courtship behaviours and disruption by NAs in the Western clawed frog, Silurana tropicalis. Courtship primarily consists of males producing low trills and achieving amplexus, a mating position where a male clasps a female. Adult frogs were exposed for five days to 20 mg/L NA, a dose low enough to not affect physical activity. In males, absolute calling activity was reduced. Other acoustic parameters such as dominant frequency, click rate, and trill length were not affected. Injecting human chorionic gonadotropin had a slight rescue effect. Vocalization and amplexus were both inhibited after exposure and restored after 2 weeks of recovery. However, calling behaviour did not predict competitive ability or mating success. In females, NA exposure reduced mating success, possibly through decreased attractiveness or receptivity. Receptivity can be indicated by attraction towards the sound of mating calls (phonotaxis), which is cryptic and subjective. I created an apparatus that measures phonotaxis by placing speakers inside traps with infrared lights to detect the time of entry. This novel method is widely applicable for low-visibility observations and studies of choice and preference. This work shows that an aquatic contaminant can reduce mating success in otherwise healthy frogs, and provides a detailed foundation for further investigation.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22374.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.12.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Thermophysical properties of n-hexadecane: Combined Molecular Dynamics and experimental investigations
Creators: name: Klochko, L.
name: Noel, J.
name: Sgreva, N. R.
name: Leclerc, S.
name: Métivier, C.
name: Lacroix, D.
name: Isaiev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigating properties of phase change materials (PCMs) is an important issue due to their extensive use in heat storage systems and thermal regulation devices. Improvement of the efficiency of such systems should be based on a better knowledge of the microscopic mechanisms governing the thermal and rheological characteristics of PCMs. This may be accomplished by the use of molecular simulations of the aforementioned quantities and their linkage with macroscale investigations. In this work, we studied thermophysical properties of $n$-hexadecane for different temperatures regimes using molecular dynamics (MD) and carry out several experimental measurements. Particularly, we focused on the evaluation of various rheological and thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, $κ$, viscosity, $η$, diffusion coefficient, $D$, and heat capacities $C_p$ and $C_v$. Special attention was paid to the comparison of the results of simulations with experimental ones.
Representative job 'building for video analysis completed using the Utah ergonomic analyzer
Creators: name: Skinner, Tyson E
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Human engineering
Health risk assessment

description: Many ergonomists strive to find links between physical risk factors and injuries in the workplace. To accomplish this, workers are observed in the workplace as they complete their daily jobs and an analysis is performed in real time. An alternative to this type of analysis is to record the workers completing their jobs using video cameras and  then later perform a more in depth analysis. Although video analysis provides many  benefits, it can be very time consuming and quite monotonous. Some jobs take many  hours, even multiple days to analyze using video analysis techniques. Therefore, in order  to be more efficient and save time, the following method was tested.  The method included analyzing one representative cycle of the elements that were  completed many times throughout each job. Once the representative element was  analyzed, it was used for each instance that the specific element occurred resulting in a  "built job." This greatly reduced the time of analysis since the element was only  analyzed one time rather than the multiple times that it occurred in the representative job  cycle. This led to a substantial time savings while still obtaining a reliable analysis and  representation of the job of interest.  Two analytical methods were used to compare the data between the fully analyzed  job and the built job. The first was a basic comparison of averages, standard deviations  and percent differences. The second was an intraclass correlation coefficient.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 17.08.1966, als Blatt eröffnet dank auswärtiger Beobachtungen, ausgewertet in Zürich
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung bzw. Auswertung aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen direkt auf dem Vordruck, erstellt durch Mitarbeitende der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich
deepNIR: Datasets for generating synthetic NIR images and improved fruit detection system using deep learning techniques
Creators: name: Sa, Inkyu
name: Lim, JongYoon
name: Ahn, Ho Seok
name: MacDonald, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents datasets utilised for synthetic near-infrared (NIR) image generation and bounding-box level fruit detection systems. It is undeniable that high-calibre machine learning frameworks such as Tensorflow or Pytorch, and large-scale ImageNet or COCO datasets with the aid of accelerated GPU hardware have pushed the limit of machine learning techniques for more than decades. Among these breakthroughs, a high-quality dataset is one of the essential building blocks that can lead to success in model generalisation and the deployment of data-driven deep neural networks. In particular, synthetic data generation tasks often require more training samples than other supervised approaches. Therefore, in this paper, we share the NIR+RGB datasets that are re-processed from two public datasets (i.e., nirscene and SEN12MS) and our novel NIR+RGB sweet pepper(capsicum) dataset. We quantitatively and qualitatively demonstrate that these NIR+RGB datasets are sufficient to be used for synthetic NIR image generation. We achieved Frechet Inception Distance (FID) of 11.36, 26.53, and 40.15 for nirscene1, SEN12MS, and sweet pepper datasets respectively. In addition, we release manual annotations of 11 fruit bounding boxes that can be exported as various formats using cloud service. Four newly added fruits [blueberry, cherry, kiwi, and wheat] compound 11 novel bounding box datasets on top of our previous work presented in the deepFruits project [apple, avocado, capsicum, mango, orange, rockmelon, strawberry]. The total number of bounding box instances of the dataset is 162k and it is ready to use from cloud service. For the evaluation of the dataset, Yolov5 single stage detector is exploited and reported impressive mean-average-precision,mAP[0.5:0.95] results of[min:0.49, max:0.812]. We hope these datasets are useful and serve as a baseline for the future studies.
description: 35 pages, 27 figures, published in MDPI Remote Sensing journal