cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of solution algorithms and numerical approximation methods for modeling an ion exchange process
Creators: name: Miller, Cass
name: Bu, Sunyoung
name: Huang, Jingfang
name: Boyer, Treavor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The focus of this work is on the modeling of an ion exchange process that occurs in drinking water treatment applications. The model formulation consists of a two-scale model in which a set of microscale diffusion equations representing ion exchange resin particles that vary in size and age are coupled through a boundary condition with a macroscopic ordinary differential equation (ODE), which represents the concentration of a species in a well-mixed reactor. We introduce a new age-averaged model (AAM) that averages all ion exchange particle ages for a given size particle to avoid the expensive Monte-Carlo simulation associated with previous modeling applications. We discuss two different numerical schemes to approximate both the original Monte Carlo algorithm and the new AAM for this two-scale problem. The first scheme is based on the finite element formulation in space coupled with an existing backward-difference-formula-based ODE solver in time. The second scheme uses an integral equation based Krylov deferred correction (KDC) method and a fast elliptic solver (FES) for the resulting elliptic equations. Numerical results are presented to validate the new AAM algorithm, which is also shown to be more computationally efficient than the original Monte Carlo algorithm. We also demonstrate that the higher order KDC scheme is more efficient than the traditional finite element solution approach and this advantage becomes increasingly important as the desired accuracy of the solution increases. We also discuss issues of smoothness, which affect the efficiency of the KDC-FES approach, and outline additional algorithmic changes that would further improve the efficiency of these developing methods for a wide range of applications.
Plasma Wave Instabilities in Non-Equilibrium Graphene
Creators: name: Aryal, Chinta M.
name: Hu, Ben Yu-Kuang
name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-stream instabilities in a non-equilibrium system in which a stream of electrons is injected into doped graphene. As with equivalent non-equilibrium parabolic band systems, we find that the graphene systems can support unstable charge-density waves whose amplitudes grow with time. We determine the range of wavevector $\boldsymbol{q}$ that are unstable, and their growth rates. We find no instability for waves with wavevectors parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the injected carriers. We find that, within the small wavevector approximation, the angle between $\boldsymbol{q}$ and the direction of the injected electrons that maximizes the growth rate increases with increasing $\boldsymbol{|q|}$. We compare the range and strength of the instability in graphene to that of two and three dimensional parabolic band systems.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Neg-raising in Russian Sign Language
Creators: name: Dubyaga, Alena
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Modern Languages
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures

description: The article is devoted to the primary search for the neg-raising in Russian Sign Lan-guage. Neg-raising is a phenomenon of syntactic or pragma-semantic nature, where a matrix verb can take over the negation from a dependent clause, while semantically negation correlates with a dependent verb. Neg-raising has been thoroughly studied in sound languages, but sign languages were not previously included in the typological review – now there are only 4 studies that would consider the neg-raising phenomenon. After conducting a corpus analysis, it was possible to identify the neg-raising verbs of the propositional attitude WANT, LOVE, NEED. Dur-ing the experiment, consisting of two diagnostic tests and a questionnaire, the results of the cor-pus study were confirmed, and THINK was also identified as a verb that can also take over the negation from the dependent clause.
A randomized trial of three videos that differ in the framing of information about mammography in women 40 to 49 years old
Creators: name: Downs, Stephen M.
name: Lewis, Carmen L.
name: Pignone, Michael P.
name: Kinsinger, Linda S.
name: Sheridan, Stacey L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of providing structured information about the benefits and harms of mammography in differing frames on women’s perceptions of screening. DESIGN: Randomized control trial. SETTING: General internal medicine academic practice. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred seventy-nine women aged 35 through 49. INTERVENTION: Women received 1 of 3 5-minute videos about the benefits and harms of screening mammography in women aged 40 to 49. These videos differed only in the way the probabilities of potential outcomes were framed (positive, neutral, or negative). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We measured the change in accurate responses to questions about potential benefits and harms of mammography, and the change in the proportion of participants who perceived that the benefits of mammography were more important than the harms. Before seeing the videos, women’s knowledge about the benefits and harms of mammography was inaccurate (82% responded incorrectly to all 3 knowledge questions). After seeing the videos, the proportion that answered correctly increased by 52%, 43%, and 30% for the 3 knowledge questions, respectively, but there were no differences between video frames. At baseline, most women thought the benefits of mammography outweighed the harms (79% positive frame, 80% neutral frame, and 85% negative frame). After the videos, these proportions were similar among the 3 groups (84%, 81%, 83%, P = .93). CONCLUSIONS: Women improved the accuracy of their responses to questions about the benefits and harms of mammography after seeing the videos, but this change was not affected by the framing of information. Women strongly perceived that the benefits of mammography outweighed the harms, and providing accurate information had no effect on these perceptions, regardless of how it was framed.
Genetic Sensitivity to Peer Behaviors: 5HTTLPR, Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption
Creators: name: Daw, Jonathan
name: Shanahan, Michael
name: Smolen, Andrew
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Haberstick, Brett
name: Boardman, Jason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We investigate whether the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5HTTLPR), a gene associated with environmental sensitivity, moderates the association between smoking and drinking patterns at adolescents' schools and their corresponding risk for smoking and drinking themselves. Drawing on the school-based design of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health in conjunction with molecular genetic data for roughly 15,000 respondents (including over 2,000 sibling pairs), we show that adolescents smoke more cigarettes and consume more alcohol when attending schools with elevated rates of tobacco and alcohol use. More important, an individual's susceptibility to school-level patterns of smoking or drinking is conditional on the number of short alleles he or she has in 5HTTLPR. Overall, the findings demonstrate the utility of the differential susceptibility framework for medical sociology by suggesting that health behaviors reflect interactions between genetic factors and the prevalence of these behaviors in a person's context.
PHOSPHO-REGULATION OF ACA8, A PLASMA MEMBRANE CA2+-ATPASE OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
Creators: name: MARRANO, CLAUDIA ADRIANA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: ACA8 is a plasma membrane-localized isoform of calmodulin (CaM)-regulated Ca2+-ATPase of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phospho-proteomic studies identified several phosphopeptides corresponding to portions of its regulatory N-terminus. Each of the Ser found to be phosphorylated in those studies (S19, S22, S27, S29, S57, and S99) has been mutated to Asp, to mimic phosphorylation of the ACA8 N-terminus, and to Ala to prevent phosphorylation. Mutants have been expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterized: as shown by the low activation by CaM, mutants S19D, S57D, S22D and S27D are deregulated. Moreover, the low response to CaM of ACA8 mutants S22A, S27A, and S29A points the relevance of these serine residues per se in determining the amplitude of the response of ACA8 to CaM. To analyse the effect of S to D mutation on the kinetic of CaM binding, His-tagged N-termini of wild-type and mutant ACA8 (6His-1M-I116) were expressed in Escherichia coli, affinity-purified and used in surface plasmon resonance experiments. All the analysed mutations affect the kinetics of interaction with CaM to some extent: in most cases, the altered kinetics result in marginal changes in affinity, with the exception of mutants S57D (KD 10-fold higher than wild-type ACA8) and S99D (KD about half that of wild-type ACA8). Since S19 is in a consensus motive for calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) the ACA8 N-terminus has been subjected to in vitro phosphorylation assays with two isoforms of A. thaliana CDPKs: CDPK1, that phosphorylates ACA2 (an endoplasmic reticulum localised isoform of A. thaliana ACA) and CDPK16, a plasma membrane localised isoform of CDPK. Results show that both kinases are able to phosphorylate ACA8 N-terminus, but CDPK16 with higher extent. Phosphorylation of mutant 6His-1M-I116 peptides mapped CDPK16 phosphorylation site at S19 and at S22. Furthermore, we identified by two-hybrid screening two isoforms of CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) as putative interactors of ACA8 N-terminus region: CIPK9 and CIPK14. BiFC analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana confirmed the two-hybrid results, showing that interaction between ACA8 full length and CIPK9 or CIPK14 occurs in planta at the plasma membrane. Moreover, phosphorylation assay demonstrate that both kinases phosphorylate ACA8 N-terminus in vitro. Implications of these results are discussed.
The Sequencing of a College Degree during the Transition to Adulthood: Implications for Obesity
Creators: name: Boardman, Jason
name: Shanahan, Michael
name: Miech, Richard Allen
name: Bauldry, Shawn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In this study we consider the health implications of the sequencing of a college degree vis-à-vis familial roles during the transition to adulthood. We hypothesize that people who earned a college degree before assuming familial roles will have better health than people who earned a college degree afterwards. To test this hypothesis, we focus on obesity and use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results show that marriage before completion of college was associated with a 50% higher probability of becoming obese when compared with marriage after completion of college. Parenthood before college completion was associated with a greater-than two-fold increase in the probability of becoming obese when compared to parenthood afterwards for Black men. These findings suggest that the well-established association of education with health depends on its place in a sequence of roles.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SIRT1 AS A NOVEL TARGET OF NSAIDS CHEMOPREVENTION
Creators: name: DELL'OMO, GIULIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Several epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies proposed non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as promising chemopreventive agents for many types of cancer. However, their use in chronic treatment is hampered by gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular side effects mainly due to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes. The development of NSAIDs as chemopreventive agents is prevented by the limited knowledge of the mechanism underlying the anti-cancer properties of these drugs. Inhibition of COX has been proposed as the mechanism underlying their anti-neoplastic activity; however, several lines of evidence challenged this simple view, among them the antitumor activity of non-COX inhibitory metabolites, enantiomers and derivatives are perhaps the most convincing. The aim of the present project was to investigate a novel direct target of NSAIDs, which may provide a biochemical explanation of the multiplicity of the COX-independent effects. For that reason, molecular biology, cellular and in vivo tools, including innovative in vivo imaging and classical biochemical assays were applied. Here we identify, for the first time sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) as a direct target of NSAIDs, showing that inhibition of this histone deacetylase may be responsible of their COX-independent antineoplastic activity. In particular, we demonstrated that many NSAIDs through SIRT1 inhibition: increased acetylation and activation of tumour suppressor p53 and increase the expression of antiproliferative gene p21 through SIRT1 inhibition. We showed that the mechanism occurs selectively in tumour tissue in cells, animal models and also in clinical setting. Activation of the p53 signaling produces an anti-proliferative effect, which prevents the early transformation steps of the mammary gland in an animal model of early breast cancer transformation. Increased local proliferation is not the only hallmark of cancer modulated by NSAIDs, interestingly our results indicate that the local immunosuppression promoted in the mammary gland by the exposure to a genotoxic agent can be efficiently counteracted by NSAIDs. In conclusion, this thesis presents the discovery and characterization of the new target SIRT1 as effector of NSAIDs mediated chemopreventive activity. Our data disjoin the NSAIDs COXdependent anti-inflammatory activity from the SIRT1-dependent anti-tumor activity, therefore suggesting a novel strategy to design molecules displaying anti-neoplastic chemoprevetinve activity without the COX-dependent side effects.
(175) George Ure
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An investigation of siloxane cross-linked hydroxyapatite–gelatin/copolymer composites for potential orthopedic applications
Creators: name: Zhou, Huaxing
name: Chiu, Chi-Kai
name: Dyke, Jason Christopher
name: You, Wei
name: Ko, Ching-Chang
name: Knight, Kelly Jane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Causes of bone deficiency are numerous, but biomimetic alloplastic grafts provide an alternative to repair tissue naturally. Previously, a hydroxyapatite-gelatin modified siloxane (HAp-Gemosil) composite was prepared by cross-linking (N, N′-bis[(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylene diamine (enTMOS) around the HAp-Gel nanocomposite particles, to mimic the natural composition and properties of bone. However, the tensile strength remained too low for many orthopedic applications. It was hypothesized that incorporating a polymer chain into the composite could help improve long range interaction. Furthermore, designing this polymer to interact with the enTMOS siloxane cross-linked matrix would provide improved adhesion between the polymer and the ceramic composite, and improve mechanical properties. To this end, copolymers of L-Lactide (LLA), and a novel alkyne derivatized trimethylene carbonate, propargyl carbonate (PC), were synthesized. Incorporation of PC during copolymerization affects properties of copolymers such as molecular weight, Tg, and % PC incorporation. More importantly, PC monomers bear a synthetic handle, allowing copolymers to undergo post-polymerization functionalization with graft monomers to specifically tailor the properties of the final composite. For our investigation, P(LLA-co-PC) copolymers were functionalized by an azido-silane (AS) via copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) through terminal alkyne on PC monomers. The new functionalized polymer, P(LLA-co-PC)(AS) was blended with HAp-Gemosil, with the azido-silane linking the copolymer to the silsesquioxane matrix within the final composite.
TIJORAT BANKLARIDA INVESTITSIYA LOYIHALARINI MOLIYALASHTIRISH SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH YO'LLARI
Creators: name: Abdurazakova, Nasiba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida  investitsiya loyihalarini moliyalashtirishda samaradorligini oshirish yo`llarining  nazariy va amaliy jihatlari tadqiq  etilgan.
Preclinical Efficacy of a Carboxylesterase 2-Activated Prodrug of Doxazolidine
Creators: name: Chan, Daniel
name: Sun, Hengrui
name: Koch, Tad
name: Coldren, Christopher
name: Polinkovsky, Margaret
name: Barthel, Benjamin
name: Rudnicki, Daniel
name: Koch, Gary
name: Zhang, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Doxazolidine (Doxaz) is a functionally distinct formaldehyde conjugate of doxorubicin (Dox) that induces cancer cell death in Dox-sensitive and resistant cells. Pentyl PABC-Doxaz (PPD) is a prodrug of Doxaz that is activated by carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), which is expressed by liver, non-small cell lung, colon, pancreatic, renal, and thyroid cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that in two murine models, PPD was effective at slowing tumor growth and demonstrated markedly reduced cardiotoxic and nephrotoxic effects, as well as better tolerance, relative to Dox. Hepatotoxicity, consistent with liver expression of the murine CES2 homolog, was induced by PPD. Unlike irinotecan, a clinical CES2-activated prodrug, PPD produced no visible gastrointestinal damage. Finally, we demonstrate that cellular response to PPD may be predicted with good accuracy using CES2 expression and Doxaz sensitivity, suggesting that these metrics may be useful as clinical biomarkers for sensitivity of a specific tumor to PPD treatment.
TARGETING EGFR/ERK/FOS SIGNALING AS A NOVEL APPROACH FOR HPV-POSITIVE HEAD AND NECK CANCER TREATMENT
Creators: name: MEDDA, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide. It accounts for 600.000 new cases and 350.000 deaths every year. HNSCC can be subdivided into two distinct subgroups: HPV-positive and HPV-negative. They present very different features including etiological agent, age, socioeconomic status, prognosis, genetic landscape, and tissue differentiation. Nevertheless, all HNSCC patients are treated with the same therapies, comprising chemo- and radiotherapy, and/or surgery. Specific therapies for HPV-positive HNSCC are needed. HPV oncoproteins E6/E7 are the drivers of oncogenesis in HPV-related cancers and they can be used as targets for therapy. To this end, we studied the effects of the knock down of E6/E7 in HNSCC-positive cell lines and we looked for pharmacological treatments to downregulate E6/E7 levels. We found that targeting the EGFR/ERK/FOS signaling pathway induced a transcriptional reduction of E6/E7 and that the ERK inhibitor Ravoxertinib was effective in killing HPV-positive HNSCC cell lines. Thus, this is a potential novel approach to address HPV+ HNSCC cancer.
Encounters Do Matter: On Unveiling the Otherness in Oneself
Creators: name: RIBEIRO FARINHA, GABRIELA SOFIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: The analytical focus of this research aims to explore the potential disruptive effect of encounters over one?s inner normativities and how a ?practice? of re-flexivity is enhanced by the interactional order in which the usual and uncon-scious flow of exchanged signs might be interrupted or broken, generating the emotional commentaries that becomes part of one?s inner talk. A novel dimension in the analysis of gender inner structures is introduced through the description of the mechanism from which a subjectified subject could trigger the ?politics of truth? and ?operation of critique? of both his/hers external inner normativities. Through the observations and discourses that came from the encounters that occurred with sex workers, it was possible to disrupt the ontological aim of a hegemonic narrative that, not only establishes the exclusionary limits of discourse about sex workers but also the inclusion-ary limits of discourse about how women are.
ASPETTI GIURIDICI E MEDICO-LEGALI NELLA VALUTAZIONE DELL'IMPATTO SULLA SALUTE DEL LAVORO A TURNI E NOTTURNO
Creators: name: BURGAZZI, ELEONORA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Epidemiological and clinical studies point out shiftwork as a risk factor for human health and well being, starting from a disruption of biological circadian rhythms. This thesis aims to critically review the current knowledge about shiftwork and cardiovascular desease from epidemiological evidence to causal pathways. It is also focused on european and italian working-time legislation and on medico-legal aspects involved in litigations.
(170) John Euler Clark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detection of adaptive shifts on phylogenies using shifted stochastic processes on a tree
Creators: name: Bastide, Paul
name: Mariadassou, Mahendra
name: Robin, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Comparative and evolutive ecologists are interested in the distribution of quantitative traits among related species. The classical framework for these distributions consists of a random process running along the branches of a phylogenetic tree relating the species. We consider shifts in the process parameters, which reveal fast adaptation to changes of ecological niches. We show that models with shifts are not identifiable in general. Constraining the models to be parsimonious in the number of shifts partially alleviates the problem but several evolutionary scenarios can still provide the same joint distribution for the extant species. We provide a recursive algorithm to enumerate all the equivalent scenarios and to count the effectively different scenarios. We introduce an incomplete-data framework and develop a maximum likelihood estimation procedure based on the EM algorithm. Finally, we propose a model selection procedure, based on the cardinal of effective scenarios, to estimate the number of shifts and prove an oracle inequality.
description: Corrected version. Also deposed on BioRxiv: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/023804
Connecting research resources - Building the PID graph in Europe PMC
Creators: name: Ferguson, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: PID
PID GRAPH
FREYA

description: Poster presented at the conference: Reproducibility, replicability and Trust in Science: https://coursesandconferences.wellcomegenomecampus.org/our-events/reproducibility-replicability-trust-in-science-2020/
LE EDIZIONI DELL'APOCOLOCYNTOSIS (1513-1808): LINEE DI STORIA DI UNA TRADIZIONE TESTUALE
Creators: name: MONTEPAONE, OLIVIA LIBERA SOFIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: La tesi ripercorre l?intera storia editoriale dell?Apocolocyntosis dall?editio princeps (1513) sino all?edizione di F. E. Ruhkopf del 1808, nella quale si annuncia la scoperta dei principali testimoni manoscritti della satira: l?obiettivo � lo studio dell?evoluzione del testo e degli approcci adottati dagli editori nel corso dei secoli prima del riemergere della tradizione manoscritta, che comport� un radicale mutamento nei metodi di studio dei classici. Il lavoro � suddiviso in due sezioni principali: la prima considera le edizioni della satira in ordine cronologico, analizzando il contesto storico e letterario in cui sono venute alla luce, insieme alla personalit� dell?editore che le ha prodotte, e selezionando gli interventi pi� interessanti dal punto di vista filologico ed interpretativo; la seconda sezione presenta un repertorio di tutte le variazioni occorse nel testo della satira durante l?intera tradizione a stampa ? lezioni tratte da codici non pi� esistenti cos� come anche congetture degli editori introdotte a testo ? messe in relazione con le varianti testuali della tradizione manoscritta come oggi ci � nota, e le posizioni dei moderni studiosi riguardo ciascun luogo. Sebbene si possano riconoscere alcune tendenze generali, il carattere fortemente individualistico delle edizioni premoderne impedisce di tracciare un percorso evolutivo lineare e coerente o di individuare metodologie universalmente adottate in un preciso periodo storico. Ogni edizione �, di fatto, un prodotto unico, che presenta un ricco, intricato e finora inesplorato corpus di informazioni e conoscenze sull?Apocolocyntosis. Tali complessi prodotti editoriali si rivelano valide risorse, interessanti tappe della storia degli studi classici ma anche utili fonti a livello filologico dinanzi ad un testo ancora assai problematico come quello della satira senecana. Lo studio infine evidenzia alcune nuove possibilit� per sfruttare nella sua interezza il vasto corpus offerto dalle edizioni premoderne attraverso l?uso di strumenti digitali.
Human P2Y 14 Receptor Agonists: Truncation of the Hexose Moiety of Uridine-5′-Diphosphoglucose and Its Replacement with Alkyl and Aryl Groups
Creators: name: Das, Arijit
name: Burianek, Lauren
name: Jacobson, Kenneth
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Barrett, Matthew
name: Ko, Hyojin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Uridine-5′-diphosphoglucose (UDPG) activates the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR. P2Y14 receptor tolerates glucose substitution with small alkyl or aryl groups or its truncation to uridine-5′-diphosphate (UDP), a full agonist human P2Y14 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells. 2-Thiouracil derivatives displayed selectivity for activation of the human P2Y14 vs. the P2Y6 receptor, such as 2-thio-UDP 4 (EC50 1.92 nM at P2Y14, 224-fold selectivity vs. P2Y6) and its β-propyloxy ester 18. EC50 of β-methyl ester of UDP and its 2-thio analogue were 2730 and 56 nM, respectively. β-t-Butyl ester of 4 was 11-fold more potent than UDPG, but β-aryloxy or larger, branched β-alkyl esters, such as cyclohexyl, were less potent. Ribose replacement of UDP with a rigid North or South methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) group abolished P2Y14 receptor agonist activity. α,β-Methylene and difluoromethylene groups were well tolerated at the P2Y14 receptor and are expected to provide enhanced stability in biological systems. α,β-Methylene-2-thio-UDP 11 (EC50 0.92 nM) was 2160-fold selective versus P2Y6. Thus, these nucleotides and their congeners may serve as important pharmacological probes for the detection and characterization of the P2Y14 receptor.
(172) Anabella Clark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
การศึกษาเชิงเปรียบเทียบระหว่างโรงไฟฟ้าโออาร์ซีแบบซับคริติคัล, โรงไฟฟ้าโออาร์ซีแบบซุปเปอร์คริติคัล และโรงไฟฟ้าแรงคินไซเคิลแบบไตรแลทเตอรัลสำหรับแหล่งความร้อนที่อุณหภูมิ 210250 องศาเซลเซียส
Creators: name: ธงชัย เทียมทัด
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสุรนารี
Year: 2020
Subjects: วัฏจักรโออาร์ซีแบบซับคริติคัล
วัฏจักรโออาร์ซีแบบซุปเปอร์คริติคัล
วัฏจักรแรงคินแบบไตรแลทเตอรัล
การจำลองเมื่อสภาวะเปลี่ยนแปลง
การเลือกสารทำงาน

description: วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร สาขาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 14, 1, 97-113
LATE PRENATAL INFECTION AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: CHARACTERIZATION OF AN IMMUNE-MEDIATED MOUSE MODEL
Creators: name: RICHETTO, JULIET
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Compelling evidence suggests that the aetiology of multifactorial and multisymptomatic psychiatric diseases include exposures to adverse events during prenatal and early postnatal life, which may disrupt the correct maturation of neural system and lead to long-lasting changes in brain function. Prenatal insults, and in particular prenatal infection, could thus act as a ?primer? for the neuropsychiatric route, even if the specificity of the illness that develops is strongly influenced by the genetic and environmental context in which the process occurs (Meyer, 2013b). A similar concept of ?early-life programming of adult disease? has been put forward by the seminal work of David Barker conducted in the context of cardiovascular disease (Dover, 2009), suggesting that specific environmental factors acting during sensitive prenatal or early postnatal developmental periods can induce persistent changes in physiological, emotional and behavioural functions throughout life (Bale et al, 2010). Against this background, the aim of my PhD thesis was to investigate and further characterize an established murine model of prenatal infection that is based on maternal administration of the viral mimic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid [Poly(I:C)], focusing on different aspects of the relationship between altered neurodevelopment and psychiatric disease. First, I will give an overview of the state of the art regarding the association between prenatal infection and different neurodevelopmental illnesses as identified by human epidemiological studies, and then I will present our preclinical results obtained in an experimental model system of prenatal immune activation.
(173) Georgina Ure Clark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Discovery of an in Vivo Chemical Probe of the Lysine Methyltransferases G9a and GLP
Creators: name: Barsyte-Lovejoy, Dalia
name: Allali-Hassani, Abdellah
name: Korboukh, Victoria
name: Jin, Jian
name: Huang, Xi-Ping
name: Vedadi, Masoud
name: Janzen, William
name: Arrowsmith, Cheryl
name: Frye, Stephen
name: Xiong, Yan
name: Roth, Bryan
name: Brown, Peter
name: Liu, Feng
name: Li, Fengling
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Among epigenetic “writers”, “readers”, and “erasers”, the lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP, which catalyze mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and non-histone proteins, have been implicated in a variety of human diseases. A “toolkit” of well-characterized chemical probes will allow biological and disease hypotheses concerning these proteins to be tested in cell-based and animal models with high confidence. We previously discovered potent and selective G9a/GLP inhibitors including the cellular chemical probe UNC0638, which displays an excellent separation of functional potency and cell toxicity. However, this inhibitor is not suitable for animal studies due to its poor pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Here, we report the discovery of the first G9a and GLP in vivo chemical probe UNC0642, which not only maintains high in vitro and cellular potency, low cell toxicity, and excellent selectivity, but also displays improved in vivo PK properties, making it suitable for animal studies.
The influence of the migration network topology on the stability of a small food web
Creators: name: Richhardt, Jonas
name: Plitzko, Sebastian
name: Schwarzmüller, Florian
name: Drossel, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The stability of ecosystems as well as the relation between topology and dynamics on multilayer networks are important questions that are usually discussed in separate communities. Here, we combine these two topics by investigating the influence of the topology of the migration network on the stability of a four-species foodweb module on six patches. The parameters are chosen such that the dynamics on an isolated patch have a periodic attractor with all four species present as well as an attractor where the prey that is preferred by the top predator dies out. The stability measure used here is robustness, which is the average proportion of surviving species in the system, and which shows a complex dependence on the migration rate. We use principal component analysis to quantify the migration network structure in terms of the most relevant network measures, and we evaluate correlations between these measures and characteristics of the robustness curves. Our most important findings are that higher connectivity of the migration network leads to a larger maximum robustness, that a broad distribution of connectivities favors extinction of the preferred prey at intermediate migration rates, and that migration topologies with a larger betweenness centrality are more prone to extinction of the preferred prey at the onset of synchronization. Our study thus demonstrates a strong correlation between dynamical robustness and spatial topology and can serve as an example for similar studies in other types of multilayer networks.
FAK regulates cardiomyocyte survival following ischemia/reperfusion
Creators: name: Taylor, Joan
name: Rojas, Mauricio
name: Mack, Christopher
name: DiMichele, Laura
name: Meredith, Dane
name: Hakim, Zeenat
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Myocyte apoptosis is central to myocardial dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase regulates adhesion-dependent survival signals and unopposed FAK activation has been linked to tumor development. We previously showed that conditional myocyte-specific deletion of FAK (MFKO) in the adult heart did not affect basal cardiomyocyte survival or cardiac function but led to dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure following pressure overload. In the present study, we sought to determine if FAK functions to limit stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We reasoned that (I/R), which stimulates robust apoptotic cell death, might uncover an important cardioprotective function for FAK. We found that depletion of FAK markedly exacerbates hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte cell death in vitro. Moreover, deletion of FAK in the adult myocardium resulted in significant increases in I/R-induced infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis with a concomitant reduction in left ventricular function. Finally, our results suggest that NF-κB signaling may play a key role in modulating FAK-dependent cardioprotection, since FAK inactivation blunted activation of the NF-κB survival signaling pathway and reduced levels of the NF-κB target genes, Bcl2 and Bcl-xl. Since the toggling between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic signals remains central to preventing irreversible damage to the heart, we conclude that targeted FAK activation may be beneficial for protecting stress-dependent cardiac remodeling.
The Molecular Basis for Different Recognition of Substrates by Phosphodiesterase Families 4 and 10
Creators: name: Robinson, Howard
name: Ke, Hengming
name: Wang, Huanchen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are key enzymes that control the cellular concentrations of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP. The mechanism for selective recognition of substrates cAMP and cGMP by individual PDE families remains a puzzle. To understand the mechanism for substrate recognition by PDE enzymes, the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of an inactive D201N mutant of PDE4D2 in complex with substrate cAMP has been determined at 1.56 Å resolution. The structure shows that Gln369 forms only one hydrogen bond with the adenine of cAMP. This finding provides experimental evidence against the hypothesis of two hydrogen bonds between the invariant glutamine and the substrate cAMP in PDE4, and thus suggests that the widely circulated “glutamine switch” model is unlikely the mechanism for substrate recognition by PDEs. A structure comparison between PDE4D2-cAMP and PDE10A2-cAMP reveals an anti configuration of cAMP in PDE4D2 but syn in PDE10A2, in addition to different contact patterns of cAMP in these two structures. These observations imply that individual PDE families have their characteristic mechanisms for substrate recognition.
Entropy and logarithm of Kaniadakis calculus expressed by means of an Euler infinite product expansion
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nonadditive entropies
Euler
kappa-calculus

description: Here we show how an Euler infinite product expansion can be used to display easily the link of nonadditive Kaniadakis entropy to Shannon entropy. At the same time we can see how the natural logarithm is linked to the expression of \(\kappa\)-logarithm.
The Remarkable Deaths of 9 - 11 Solar Mass Stars
Creators: name: Woosley, S. E.
name: Heger, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The post-helium burning evolution of stars from 7 to 11 solar masses is complicated by the lingering effects of degeneracy and off-center ignition. Here stars in this mass range are studied using a standard set of stellar physics. Two important aspects of the study are the direct coupling of a reaction network of roughly 220 nuclei to the structure calculation at all stages and the use of a sub grid model to describe the convective bounded flame that develops during neon and oxygen burning. Below 9.0 solar masses, degenerate oxygen-neon cores form that may become either white dwarfs or electron-capture supernovae. Above 10.3 solar masses the evolution proceeds "normally" to iron-core collapse, without composition inversions or degenerate flashes. Emphasis here is upon the stars in between which typically ignite oxygen burning off center. After oxygen burns in a convectively bounded flame, silicon burning ignites in a degenerate flash that commences closer to the stellar center and with increasing violence for stars of larger mass. In some cases the silicon flash is so violent that it could lead to the early ejection of the hydrogen envelope. This might have interesting observable consequences. For example, the death of a 10.0 solar mass star could produce two supernova-like displays, a faint low energy event due to the silicon flash, and an unusually bright supernova many months later as the low energy ejecta from core collapse collides with the previously ejected envelope. The potential relation to the Crab supernova is discussed.
description: Submitted to Astrophysical Journal January 5, 2015; revised May 8, 2015
TUTELA DEI DIRITTI E TIME LIMITS: UNO STUDIO ALLA LUCE DELLA GIURISPRUDENZA EUROPEA
Creators: name: BERTARELLI, CHIARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this comparative law thesis is to investigate the measure and the modalities in which time limits to the exercise of a right influence its effectiveness. In particular the study focus on the evolutionary aspect of the right of the prescription (limitation of action using common law expression) and the incidence that national and European jurisprudence has on it. This analysis has shown that rules on time limits for bringing judicial claims are designed to ensure the proper administration of justice and compliance with both the principle of legal certainty and equity, especially in guarantying the right of access to a court. This aim should be achieved by a casuistic approach by Courts. Set the premises, the analysis look at recent reforms of the right of limitation of action and soft law instruments, to extrapolate general trends in Europe and highlight the inadequacy of the Italian discipline at last.
Two Rapidly Evolving Genes Contribute to Male Fitness in Drosophila
Creators: name: Reinhardt, Josephine
name: Jones, Corbin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Purifying selection often results in conservation of gene sequence and function. The most functionally conserved genes are also thought to be among the most biologically essential. These observations have led to the use of sequence conservation as a proxy for functional conservation. Here we describe two genes that are exceptions to this pattern. We show that lack of sequence conservation among orthologs of CG15460 and CG15323 – herein named jean-baptiste (jb) and karr respectively – does not necessarily predict lack of functional conservation. These two Drosophila melanogaster genes are among the most rapidly evolving protein-coding genes in this species, being nearly as diverged from their D. yakuba orthologs as random sequences are. jb and karr are both expressed at an elevated level in larval males and adult testes, but they are not accessory gland proteins and their loss does not affect male fertility. Instead, knockdown of these genes in D. melanogaster via RNA interference caused male-biased viability defects. These viability effects occur prior to the third instar for jb and during late pupation for karr. We show that putative orthologs to jb and karr are also expressed strongly in the testes of other Drosophila species and have similar gene structure across species despite low levels of sequence conservation. While standard molecular evolution tests could not reject neutrality, other data hint at a role for natural selection. Together these data provide a clear case where a lack of sequence conservation does not imply a lack of conservation of expression or function.
(166) Robert Baird
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
In vivo electrochemical evidence for simultaneous 5-HT and histamine release in the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata following medial forebrain bundle stimulation: In vivo electrochemical characterization of 5-HT
Creators: name: Hashemi, Parastoo
name: Wood, Kevin
name: Ambrose, Rebecca Ellen
name: Dankoski, Elyse
name: Wightman, Robert Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Exploring the mechanisms of serotonin (5-hydoxytryptophan (5-HT)) in the brain requires an in vivo method that combines fast temporal resolution with chemical selectivity. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is a technique with sufficient temporal and chemical resolution for probing dynamic 5-HT neurotransmission events; however, traditionally it has not been possible to probe in vivo 5-HT mechanisms. Recently, we optimized FSCV for measuring 5-HT release and uptake in vivo in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR) with electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in the rat brain. Here, we address technical challenges associated with rat DRN surgery by electrically stimulating 5-HT projections in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB), a more accessible anatomical location. MFB stimulation elicits 5-HT in the SNR; furthermore, we find simultaneous release of an additional species. We use electrochemical and pharmacological methods and describe physiological, anatomical and independent chemical analyses to identify this species as histamine. We also show pharmacologically that increasing the lifetime of extracellular histamine significantly decreases 5-HT release, most likely due to increased activation of histamine H-3 receptors that inhibit 5-HT release. Despite this, under physiological conditions, we find by kinetic comparisons of DRN and MFB stimulations that the simultaneous release of histamine does not interfere with the quantitative 5-HT concentration profile. We therefore present a novel and robust electrical stimulation of the MFB that is technically less challenging than DRN stimulation to study 5-HT and histamine release in the SNR.
(168) John Clark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.