cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Super-Arrhenius diffusion in a binary colloidal mixture at low volume fraction: an effect of depletion interaction due to an asymmetric barrier
Creators: name: Singh, Jalim
name: Mustakim, Mahammad
name: Kumar, A. V. Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from the molecular dynamics simulations of a binary colloidal mixture subjected to an external potential barrier along one of the spatial directions at low volume fraction, ϕ = 0.2. The variations in the asymmetry of the external potential barrier do not change the dynamics of the smaller particles, showing Arrhenius diffusion. However, the dynamics of the larger particles shows a crossover from sub-Arrhenius to super-Arrhenius diffusion with the asymmetry in the external potential at the low temperatures and low volume fraction. Super-Arrhenius diffusion is generally observed in the high density systems where the transient cages are present due to dense packing, e.g., supercooled liquids, jammed systems, diffusion through porous membranes, dynamics within the cellular environment, etc. This model can be applied to study the molecular transport across cell membranes, nano-, and micro-channels which are characterized by spatially asymmetric potentials.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
The Ultraviolet Galaxy Luminosity Function from GALEX data: Color Dependent Evolution at Low Redshift
Creators: name: Treyer, M.
name: Wyder, T.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Budavari, T.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Barlow, T.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Byun, Y. -I.
name: Donas, J.
name: Forster, K.
name: Friedman, P.
name: Heckman, T.
name: Jelinsky, P.
name: Lee, Y. -W.
name: Madore, B.
name: Malina, R.
name: Martin, D. C.
name: Morrissey, P.
name: Neff, S.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Siegmund, O. H. W.
name: Small, T.
name: Szalay, A.
name: Welsh, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the FUV (1530A) and NUV (2310A) galaxy luminosity functions (LF) at low redshift (z<0.2) from GALEX observations matched to the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. We split our FUV and NUV samples into two UV-bj color bins and two redshift bins. As observed at optical wavelengths, the local LF of the bluest galaxies tend to have steeper faint end slopes and fainter characteristic magnitudes M* than the reddest subsamples. We find evidence for color dependent evolution at very low redshift in both bands, with bright blue galaxies becoming dominant in the highest redshift bin. The evolution of the total LF is consistent with an 0.3 magnitude brightening between z=0 and 0.13, in agreement with the first analysis of deeper GALEX fields probing adjacent and higher redshifts.
description: This paper will be published as part of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Astrophysical Journal Letters Special Issue. Links to the full set of papers will be available at : http://www.galex.caltech.edu/PUBLICATIONS/ after November 22, 2004
Entanglement of quantum oscillators coupled to different heat baths
Creators: name: Syu, Wei-Can
name: Lee, Da-Shin
name: Yeh, Chen-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of two coupled oscillators interacting with their own heat baths of quantum scalar fields at different temperature $T_1$ and $T_2$ with bilinear couplings between them. We particularly focus on the entanglement or inseparability property of their quantum states. The critical temperatures of two respective oscillators, $T_{1c}$ and $T_{2c}$, higher than which the entanglement disappears, can be determined. It is found that when two damping parameters are largely different, say $γ_1 \ll γ_2$, the critical temperature $T_{1c}$ with respect to the frequency $Ω_+$, the higher frequency among two normal modes frequencies, can be very large, $T_{1c} \gg Ω_+$, while $T_{2c} \propto Ω_+$ with the possibility of hot entanglement. The entanglement of two oscillators with the temperature-dependent damping parameters $γ_{1;2,T}$ from heat baths is also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Farmer Cooperatives in the 21st Century: Young and Old Farmers in Sweden
Creators: name: Hakelius, Karin
name: Hakelius, Karin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Young and old farmers in Sweden view their cooperative commitment differently. Young farmers generally see their cooperative commitment as a means to obtain economic advantages. Old farmers have the opposite view : They view the cooperative membership as a way of showing solidarity with peers, economic aspects being of secondary importance. The recent development of farmers' views upon cooperatives, combined with the great changes taking place on the European agricultural markets, imply problems for the traditionally organized farmer cooperatives which are predominant in Sweden. This paper starts off by describing some of the problems facing cooperatives today, these problems are analyzed, using agency theory, transaction cost theory, as well as property rights theory. Finally, the results of the theoretical discussion are used as a base for suggestions for improvements of the present situation for farmers and their cooperatives.
New data on C1qDC from the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri
Creators: name: Peronato, A
name: Minervini, G
name: Franchi, N
name: Ballarin, L
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2021

description: In the compound ascidian Botryllus schlosseri, we recently identified a novel C1q-domain-containing (C1qDC) protein expressed by circulating immunocytes, called BsC1qDC. It has two globular C1q domains and a signal peptide and can act either as an opsonin and facilitate the phagocytosis of nonself particles or as a cytokine and stimulate the degranulation of cytotoxic cells. In the present work, we used a commercial antibody raised against human CTRP4 (hCTRP4) to provide additional evidences of the involvement of this molecule in immune responses. The antibody was validated in immunoblot analysis and recognizes a band corresponding to the expected molecular weight inferred from the analysis of the amino acid sequence of BsC1qDC. The presence of the antibody in the culture medium in phagocytosis and degranulation assays significantly reduced the two responses. In addition, the relationships between complement C3 activation and bsc1qdc transcription was studied using the injection of C3aR agonist in the colonial vasculature.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Fractional diffusion equations interpolate between damping and waves
Creators: name: Manapany, Andy
name: Fumeron, Sébastien
name: Henkel, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of the solutions of the time-fractional diffusion equation, based on the Caputo derivative, is studied and its dependence on the fractional exponent is analysed. The time-fractional convection-diffusion equation is also solved and an application to Pennes bioheat model is presented. Generically, a wave-like transport at short times passes over to a diffusion-like behaviour at later times.
Stellar Bowshocks in the Northern Arm of the Galactic Center: More Members and Kinematics of the Massive Star Population
Creators: name: Tanner, A. M.
name: Ghez, A. M.
name: Morris, M.
name: Christou, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new 2.2 micron diffraction-limited images from the W. M. Keck 10 m and Gemini 8 m telescopes of the cool Galactic Center sources, IRS 1W, 5, 8, 10W, and 21 along with new proper motions for IRS 1W, 10W and 21. These observations were carried out to test the bowshock hypothesis presented by Tanner et al. as an alternative to a very recent (10^4 yr) epoch of star formation within the tidal stream of gas and dust known as the Northern Arm. Resolved asymmetric structure is detected in all the sources, with bowshock morphologies associated with IRS 1W, 5, 8 and 10W. For IRS 1W and 10W, there is an agreement between the position angle of the asymmetry and that of the relative velocity vector of the near-infrared source with respect to the Northern Arm gas strengthening the bowshock hypothesis. We therefore conclude that the observed morphology is indeed a bowshock generated by sources plowing through the Northern Arm. Furthermore, the large extent of the resolved structures (310-1340 AU) along with their luminosities (~10^4-5 Lsun) suggests that their central sources are Wolf-Rayet stars, comparable to the broad He emission-line stars, which have strong winds on the order of 1000 km/s. The bowshock morphology, along with the proper motion measurements, provide three-dimensional orbital solutions for this enigmatic class of objects; IRS 1W and 10W have orbital planes that are consistent with that of the putative clockwise plane which has been proposed as a solution for the He I emission-line stars. While these observations eliminate the need to invoke star formation within the Northern Arm, they increase by 14% the total known population of massive, young stars with strong winds, whose origin remains unexplained in the context of the nearby supermassive black hole.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 25 pages, 5 figures
High-dimensional rank-one nonsymmetric matrix decomposition: the spherical case
Creators: name: Luneau, Clément
name: Macris, Nicolas
name: Barbier, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating a rank-one nonsymmetric matrix under additive white Gaussian noise. The matrix to estimate can be written as the outer product of two vectors and we look at the special case in which both vectors are uniformly distributed on spheres. We prove a replica-symmetric formula for the average mutual information between these vectors and the observations in the high-dimensional regime. This goes beyond previous results which considered vectors with independent and identically distributed elements. The method used can be extended to rank-one tensor problems.
description: Will appear in 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). Long version with appendices, 26 pages
Many-Polaron Effects in the Holstein Model
Creators: name: Datta, Sanjoy
name: Das, Arnab
name: Yarlagadda, Sudhakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an effective polaronic interaction Hamiltonian, {\it exact to second order in perturbation}, for the spinless one-dimensional Holstein model. The small parameter is given by the ratio of the hopping term ($t$) to the polaronic energy ($g^2 ω_0$) in all the region of validity for our perturbation; however, the exception being the regime of extreme anti-adiabaticity ($t/ω_0 \le 0.1$) and small electron-phonon coupling ($g < 1$) where the small parameter is $t/ω_0$. We map our polaronic Hamiltonian onto a next-to-nearest-neighbor interaction anisotropic Heisenberg spin model. By studying the mass gap and the power-law exponent of the spin-spin correlation function for our Heisenberg spin model, we analyze the Luttinger liquid to charge-density-wave transition at half-filling in the effective polaronic Hamiltonian. We calculate the structure factor at all fillings and find that the spin-spin correlation length decreases as one deviates from half-filling. We also extend our derivation of polaronic Hamiltonian to $d$-dimensions.
description: Content changed. Accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Reactions of Spanish Farm Cooperatives to Globalization: Ideal Discourse Types
Creators: name: Entrena, Francisco
name: Moyano-Estrada, Eduardo
name: Entrena, Francisco
name: Moyano-Estrada, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The main objective of this article is to build up a typology of the ideological discourses which guide and legitimize the different, and often mutually contradictory, reactions of Spanish farm cooperatives to the processes of ever-increasing socio-economic globalization in which they are immersed. In accordance with this typology, in which we have followed a criterion similar to Max Weber's, we distinguish four ideal ideological discourse types. These go along a continuum from those which stress a more or less egalitarian mutualism, which has traditionally characterized cooperatives, to those which tend to look towards efficiency and managerial competitiveness. Although it focuses on the situation occurring in Spain, the analysis strategy adopted in the present work could be applied to the study of the reactions of farm cooperatives in other countries in similar socio-economic circumstances.
Magnetically driven ferroelectric order in Ni$_3$V$_2$O$_8$
Creators: name: Lawes, G.
name: Harris, A. B.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Rogado, N.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Aharony, A.
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Yildrim, T.
name: Kenzelmann, M.
name: Broholm, C.
name: Ramirez, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for Ni$_3$V$_2$O$_8$ long-range ferroelectric and incommensurate magnetic order appear simultaneously in a single phase transition. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the spontaneous polarization show a strong coupling between magnetic and ferroelectric orders. We determine the magnetic symmetry of this system by constraining the data to be consistent with Landau theory for continuous phase transitions. This phenomenological theory explains our observation the spontaneous polarization is restricted to lie along the crystal b axis and predicts that the magnitude should be proportional to a magnetic order parameter.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Time Delay of Light in the Gravitational lensing of Supermassive Black Holes in Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Qiao, Chen-Kai
name: Su, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter halo has non-negligible effects on the gravitational lensing of supermassive black hole in the galaxy center. Our work presents a study on the time-delay of light in gravitational lensing of black holes enclosed by dark matter halos. To provide a precise description on the distribution of dark matter in galaxies, we choose several famous phenomenological dark matter halo models in astrophysics, including the NFW, Beta, Burkert and Moore models, to carry out the present study. Through numerically calculating the time-delay of light in gravitational lensing, a comparative analysis of the dark matter effects within different halo models has been performed. Assuming typical length scales associated with the galactic gravitational lensing, numerical results indicate that the NFW, Beta, Burkert and Moore dark matter halos can significantly enhance the time delay of light in gravitational lenisng of central supermassive black holes. The enhancing effect becomes more pronounced with a small dark matter halo scale and an increasing dark matter halo mass.
 Keywords: Black Hole; Gravitational Lensing; Time Delay; Dark Matter Halo
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 2 Appendices V2: some errors are corrected; V3: major revision, two appendices added
Duality symmetry and the form fields of M-theory
Creators: name: Sati, Hisham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous work we derived the topological terms in the M-theory action in terms of certain characters that we defined. In this paper, we propose the extention of these characters to include the dual fields. The unified treatment of the M-theory four-form field strength and its dual leads to several observations. In particular we elaborate on the possibility of a twisted cohomology theory with a twist given by degrees greater than three.
description: 12 pages, modified material on the differential
Higher Order Stability of a Radiatively Induced 220 GeV Higgs Mass
Creators: name: Elias, V.
name: Mann, R. B.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
name: Steele, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective potential for radiatively broken electroweak symmetry in the single Higgs doublet Standard Model is explored to four sequentially subleading logarithm-summation levels (5-loops) in the dominant Higgs self-interaction couplant $λ$. We augment these results with all contributing leading logarithms in the remaining large but sub-dominant Standard Model couplants (t-quark, QCD and $SU(2)\otimes U(1)$ gauge couplants) as well as next to leading logarithm contributions from the largest of these, the t-quark and QCD couplants. Order-by-order stability is demonstrated for earlier leading logarithm predictions of an order 220 GeV Higgs boson mass in conjunction with fivefold enhancement of the value for $λ$ over that anticipated from conventional spontaneous symmetry breaking.
description: revtex, 6 pages. Analysis and text is expanded in revised version
Local Buyer Market Power and Horizontally Differentiated Manufacturers
Creators: name: Wang, Shinn-Shyr
name: Rojas, Christian
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
name: Wang, Shinn-Shyr
name: Rojas, Christian
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: buyer market power
subject: horizontal differentiation

description: In this paper we study a farmer-processor relationship, where market power is bidirectional: processors have buyer as well as seller market power. Farmers supply a homogeneous raw input to the processors, which, in turn, process it into a horizontally differentiated product. The analysis shows that the spread between prices that both parties receive can be decomposed into two components: one due to buyer market power in the agricultural input market and one due to seller market power in the differentiated processed market. Farmers receive a decreasing dollar share of the final price as concentration in the processed good market increases. On the other hand, the price spread due to processors' buyer (seller) market power decreases (increases) when farmers' transportation costs shrink and when consumers' strength for brand preference increases. We also examine welfare: while the surplus of farmers serving a specific processor is adversely affected in a more concentrated processed good market, the total surplus of farmers serving all processors is independent of the industry concentration. In addition, consumers are worse off when the processed good market is more concentrated and farmers' transportation costs are larger. While stronger brand preference implies a larger "travel cost" for consumers, it may encourage more processors to join the market and provide more varieties.
Private Post-GAN Boosting
Creators: name: Neunhoeffer, Marcel
name: Wu, Zhiwei Steven
name: Dwork, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differentially private GANs have proven to be a promising approach for generating realistic synthetic data without compromising the privacy of individuals. Due to the privacy-protective noise introduced in the training, the convergence of GANs becomes even more elusive, which often leads to poor utility in the output generator at the end of training. We propose Private post-GAN boosting (Private PGB), a differentially private method that combines samples produced by the sequence of generators obtained during GAN training to create a high-quality synthetic dataset. To that end, our method leverages the Private Multiplicative Weights method (Hardt and Rothblum, 2010) to reweight generated samples. We evaluate Private PGB on two dimensional toy data, MNIST images, US Census data and a standard machine learning prediction task. Our experiments show that Private PGB improves upon a standard private GAN approach across a collection of quality measures. We also provide a non-private variant of PGB that improves the data quality of standard GAN training.
Design, layout and placement of on-chip decoupling capacitors in IP blocks
Creators: name: Chia, Jesse
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In today's deep submicron technologies, a number of new signal integrity issues have arisen due to increased resistance, coupling capacitance and inductance in the metal interconnect. One of the main concerns is power supply noise in the form of IR drop and Ldi/dt effects as clock frequency continues to increase. As supply voltages scale down with technology, and the level of current and its rate of change increases, the noise levels on the supply are increasing to detrimental effect. Power supply noise can increase the delay of gates and even cause them to function improperly. This thesis addresses the use of standard-cell decoupling capacitors (decaps) to reduce power supply noise in IP (intellectual property) blocks that are designed using standard cell layout tools. First, we study the performance of decaps, implemented using MOS transistors, as a function of frequency. A number of observations are made, both qualitatively and quantitatively, about the behaviour of NMOS and PMOS transistors when used as decoupling capacitors. In addition, a number of equations are derived to characterize the frequency and time-domain behaviour of decaps. Using these equations and SPICE simulations, a number of recommendations are made as to how decaps should be laid out. The issues of where to place decaps and how much to place is also addressed using a commercial power grid analysis tool. General design guidelines are developed based on the results to keep noise below the budgeted amount during the layout of an IP block.
Circular polarisation from inhomogeneous synchrotron sources
Creators: name: Bjornsson, C. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inhomogeneities can influence the polarisation emerging from a synchrotron source. However, it is shown that the frequency distribution of circular polarisation is only marginally affected, although its magnitude may change substantially. This is used to argue that the observed properties of compact radio sources imply a radiating plasma in which the characteristic waves are nearly circular. As a result, restrictions can be put on the low energy part of the energy distribution of the relativistic electrons as well as the presence of electron-positron pairs. It is emphasised that this constrains theoretical modelling of the acceleration process for the relativistic electrons; for example, some of the currently popular scenarios seem to need modifications to become consistent with observations.
description: Accepted to ApJ; 24 pages and 3 appendices
Obscure Prehistorical Accessions to the Slavic Lexicon. In: Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online, Editor-in-Chief University of Kansas, Marc. L. Greenberg et al. Brill, Leiden - Boston.
Creators: name: Leschber, Corinna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200304 Central and Eastern European Languages (incl. Russian)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200406 Language in Time and Space (incl. Historical Linguistics, Dialectology)

description: This article focuses on Slavic words with difficult etymologies and demonstrates possible approaches to solving a range of etymological problems. The ambiguities posed by the obscurity of the linguistic material itself makes it necessary to rely on supporting disciplines aside from linguistics, e.g., archaeology and genetics. Since Slavic languages are Indo-European languages, many inherited Slavic words can be explained unequivocally by Proto-Indo-European etymology. However, some of the Proto-Slavic lexicon remains etymologically unexplained or can be linked to a lexical root that can be exclusively reconstructed for the European branch of Indo-European languages. Other Slavic words show features that are indicative of an additional Indo-European substratum in Proto-Slavic.One of the most enigmatic phenomena, potential yet unidentified substratum influences in Bulgarian, is also dealt with. These can be attributed to certain semantic fields and reflect the influence of at least one potential Old Balkan substratum. The results of an unattested but easily reconstructible lexical influence from Finno-Ugric language varieties on local Russian dialects are also discussed.
Lorentz Invariance Violation and the Spectrum and Source Power of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Stecker, F. W.
name: Scully, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to their isotropy, it is generally believed that ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are extragalactic in origin. It is then expected that interactions of these cosmic rays with photons of the cosmic background radiation (CBR) should produce a drastic reduction in their flux above and energy of about $5 \times 10^{19}$ eV (50 EeV), the so-called ``GZK effect''. At present, the existence of this effect is uncertain owing to conflicting observational data and small number statistics. We show here that a small amount of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV), which could turn off photomeson interactions of UHECRs with the CBR, could explain the UHECR spectrum as measured by {\it AGASA} which shows an excess of UHECRs at energies above 100 EeV. If new results from the {\it Auger} array agree with the {\it AGASA} spectrum, this may be interpreted as evidence for a small amount of LIV. If, on the other hand, the new results are consistent with the {\it HiRes} results favoring a GZK effect, this would place severe constraints on LIV and, by implication, on some Planck scale quantum gravity models. We also discuss the power requirements needed to explain the UHECR spectrum for a range of assumptions, including source evolution and LIV and show that in all cases our results disfavor a $γ$-ray burst origin for the UHECRs.
description: 14 pages, 6 ps figures, revised discussion, to be published in Astroparticle Physics
In silico analysis of heme binding effect on the formation of mouse arginyl- tRNA-protein transferase 1 and protein LIAT1 complex
Creators: name: Fedorova, Anna
name: T.V. Barannik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ab initio pre di ction of mouse arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase 1 (R-transferase, EC 2.3.2.8) and protein LIAT1 structures was performed by I-Tasser server. Molecular docking studies of the protein models revealed that potential heme binding sites didn’t coincide with the sites of interaction with protein partner in both R-transferase and LIAT1 protein. Heme docking to the complex of two proteins showed LIAT1 protein to provide more preferable sites for heme bin din g than R-transferase. Heme attachment to the cavities in the core of R-transferase involved in catalysis and the alterations of LIAT1 protein conformation could be the additional mechanisms of heme inhibiting action on protein ar gin ylati on .
The role of social networks in development of small-scale enterprises in the Chimanimani district of Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Zuwarimwe, J.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Zuwarimwe, J.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Social networks
subject: rural non-farm entrepreneurs
subject: rural non-farm enterprises

description: The past decade has witnessed an increased interest in the concept of social networks after the seminal theses of Coleman (1988) and Putnam (1993). An area that has attracted a great deal of interest is the value of social networks in small-scale enterprise development. This paper interrogates the role of social networks in the establishment and expansion of rural non-farm enterprises in the Chimanimani district of Zimbabwe and established that rural non-farm entrepreneurs resort to their social networks for information and other resources needed to establish and expand their enterprises, and that there are some gender differences in the use of the various social networks.
Uncertainty Estimation in Multi-Agent Distributed Learning for AI-Enabled Edge Devices
Creators: name: Radchenko, Gleb
name: Fill, Victoria Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11

description: Initially considered as low-power units with limited autonomous processing, Edge IoT devices have seen a paradigm shift with the introduction of FPGAs and AI accelerators. This advancement has vastly amplified their computational capabilities, emphasizing the practicality of edge AI. Such progress introduces new challenges of optimizing AI tasks for the limitations of energy and network resources typical in Edge computing environments. Our study explores methods that enable distributed data processing through AI-enabled edge devices, enhancing collaborative learning capabilities. A key focus of our research is the challenge of determining confidence levels in learning outcomes, considering the spatial and temporal variability of data sets encountered by independent agents. To address this issue, we investigate the application of Bayesian neural networks, proposing a novel approach to manage uncertainty in distributed learning environments.
What will South Africa’s new Cooperatives Act do for small producers? An analysis of three case studies in KwaZulu-Natal
Creators: name: Nganya, P.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Ferrer, Stuart R.D.
name: Nganya, P.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Ferrer, Stuart R.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Agricultural cooperatives
subject: Cooperatives Act
subject: new institutional economics
subject: case study

description: The new Cooperatives Act 14 of 2005 was promulgated in August 2005 to promote the development of sustainable cooperatives in South Africa and their use as a vehicle to develop small enterprises. This paper uses the new institutional economics (NIE) to highlight problems created by the Act. Case studies were done of three producer groups in KwaZulu-Natal that formally registered as cooperatives after August 2005. It is clear that the cooperative model was adopted because it was seen as a precondition for government support. All of these cooperatives displayed symptoms of institutional problems and two of them had mitigated these problems by shedding their poorest members and creating their own rules to reward investors with capital gains. The first of these ‘solutions’ is not consistent with the objective of pro-poor economic development; the second is at odds with the new Act. It is recommended that the new Act should be amended so that cooperatives can at least issue tradable equity shares that offer benefits proportional to shareholding. In addition, it is recommended that the same level of start-up support should be made available to all producer groups that formally register their business, regardless of the business model chosen, and that member empowerment should be an essential requirement for registration and public funding.
Synthesis, identification and molecular docking studies of N-functionalized piperidine derivatives linked to 1,2,3-triazole ring
Creators: name: Rafid S. Dawood
name: Sudad A. Dayl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: New derivatives of piperidine bearing a 1,2,3-triazole ring designed and synthesized smoothly over six steps from N-protected piperidone-4-one. These steps included reduction of the carbonyl group/tosylation of the resulting alcohol providing tosyl derivative in a good yield, followed by nucleophilic substitution and Cu-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. By removing the protecting group and functionalizing amine group via reductive amination gave the desired design in moderate to very good yields. Molecular modeling studies of these compounds predicted possible binding modes into the active site of dopamine receptor D2.
A Method for Unmasking Incomplete Astronomical Signals: Application to CO Multi-line Imaging of Nearby Galaxies Project
Creators: name: Cooray, Suchetha
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
name: Yoda, Moe
name: Sorai, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric surveys have provided incredible amounts of astronomical information in the form of images. However, astronomical images often contain artifacts that can critically hinder scientific analysis by misrepresenting intensities or contaminating catalogs as artificial objects. These affected pixels need to be masked and dealt with in any data reduction pipeline. In this paper, we present a flexible, iterative algorithm to recover (unmask) astronomical images where some pixels are lacking. We demonstrate the application of the method on some intensity calibration source images in CO Multi-line Imaging of Nearby Galaxies (COMING) Project conducted using the 45m telescope at Nobeyama Radio Observatory (NRO). The proposed algorithm restored artifacts due to a detector error in the intensity calibration source images. The restored images were used to calibrate 11 out of 147 observed galaxy maps in the survey. The tests show that the algorithm can restore measured intensities at sub 1% error even for noisy images (SNR = 2.4), despite lacking a significant part of the image. We present the formulation of the reconstruction algorithm, discuss its possibilities and limitations for extensions to other astronomical signals and the results of the COMING application.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Inflationary Butterfly Effect: Non-perturbative Dynamics From Small-Scale Features
Creators: name: Caravano, Angelo
name: Inomata, Keisuke
name: Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we investigate the non-perturbative dynamics of single field inflation with a departure from slow-roll. Using simulations, we find that oscillatory features in the potential can drastically alter the course of inflation, with major phenomenological implications. In certain cases, the entire Universe gets trapped in a forever inflating de Sitter state. In others, only some regions get stuck in a false vacuum, offering an alternative channel for primordial black hole formation. Analogous to the flap of a butterfly, these results show that small-scale phenomena can have profound consequences on the evolution of the entire Universe. This demonstrates the necessity of a non-perturbative approach in the exploration of the small-scale physics of inflation, particularly in the regime relevant for gravitational-wave astronomy.
description: version published in PRL, minor modifications, 5 pages + Supplemental Material, 3 figures ; animations can be found at the following link https://github.com/caravangelo/Inflationary-Butterfly.git
In silico analysis of heme binding effect.pdf
Creators: name: Fedorova, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ab initio pre di ction of mouse arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase 1 (R-transferase, EC 2.3.2.8) and protein LIAT1 structures was performed by I-Tasser server. Molecular docking studies of the protein models revealed that potential heme binding sites didn’t coincide with the sites of interaction with protein partner in both R-transferase and LIAT1 protein. Heme docking to the complex of two proteins showed LIAT1 protein to provide more preferable sites for heme bin din g than R-transferase. Heme attachment to the cavities in the core of R-transferase involved in catalysis and the alterations of LIAT1 protein conformation could be the additional mechanisms of heme inhibiting action on protein ar gin ylati on .
Characteristic Cohomology and Observables in Higher Spin Gravity
Creators: name: Sharapov, Alexey
name: Skvortsov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a complete classification of dynamical invariants in $3d$ and $4d$ Higher Spin Gravity models, with some comments on arbitrary $d$. These include holographic correlation functions, interaction vertices, on-shell actions, conserved currents, surface charges, and some others. Surprisingly, there are a good many conserved $p$-form currents with various $p$. The last fact, being in tension with `no nontrivial conserved currents in quantum gravity' and similar statements, gives an indication of hidden integrability of the models. Our results rely on a systematic computation of Hochschild, cyclic, and Chevalley--Eilenberg cohomology for the corresponding higher spin algebras. A new invariant in Chern-Simons theory with the Weyl algebra as gauge algebra is also presented.
description: 40 pages + Appendices=74; agrees with the published version, refs and comments added
Exciton-optical-phonon coupling: comparison with experiments for ZnO quantum wells
Creators: name: Makino, T.
name: Segawa, Y.
name: Kawasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature-dependent linewidths of excitons in ZnO quantum wells were studied by measuring absorption spectra from 5 K to room temperature. We deduced experimentally the exciton-longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon coupling strength, which showed reduction of coupling with decrease in well width. This reduction was explained in terms of confinement-induced enhancement of the excitonic binding energy by comparing the binding energy dependence of calculated coupling strength.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in JAP
Fruit Policies in Japan
Creators: name: Ito, Kenzo
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Ito, Kenzo
name: Dyck, John H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Japan
subject: fruits
subject: policies
subject: production
subject: subsidies
subject: insurance
subject: farm markets
subject: tariffs
subject: phytosanitary measures
subject: U.S. Department of Agriculture
subject: USDA
subject: Economic Research Service
subject: ERS
subject: FTS-341-01

description: Government programs and subsidies regulate and support Japan’s large fruit-production sector, bolstering farm incomes and output levels. Supply-management programs that target annual production levels for some fruits, in order to maintain market prices, contribute to higher prices for consumers, although other programs aim to increase fruit consumption. Japan’s tariffs and phytosanitary measures also create barriers to fruit consumption and limit imports. Producers in the United States, a major fruit supplier to Japan, could benefit from reduced barriers.
On the Power of Quantum Distributed Proofs
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Atsuya
name: Kundu, Srijita
name: Nishimura, Harumichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum nondeterministic distributed computing was recently introduced as dQMA (distributed quantum Merlin-Arthur) protocols by Fraigniaud, Le Gall, Nishimura and Paz (ITCS 2021). In dQMA protocols, with the help of quantum proofs and local communication, nodes on a network verify a global property of the network. Fraigniaud et al. showed that, when the network size is small, there exists an exponential separation in proof size between distributed classical and quantum verification protocols, for the equality problem, where the verifiers check if all the data owned by a subset of them are identical. In this paper, we further investigate and characterize the power of the dQMA protocols for various decision problems.
 First, we give a more efficient dQMA protocol for the equality problem with a simpler analysis. This is done by adding a symmetrization step on each node and exploiting properties of the permutation test, which is a generalization of the SWAP test. We also show a quantum advantage for the equality problem on path networks still persists even when the network size is large, by considering ``relay points'' between extreme nodes.
 Second, we show that even in a general network, there exist efficient dQMA protocols for the ranking verification problem, the Hamming distance problem, and more problems that derive from efficient quantum one-way communication protocols. Third, in a line network, we construct an efficient dQMA protocol for a problem that has an efficient two-party QMA communication protocol.
 Finally, we obtain the first lower bounds on the proof and communication cost of dQMA protocols. To prove a lower bound on the equality problem, we show any dQMA protocol with an entangled proof between nodes can be simulated with a dQMA protocol with a separable proof between nodes by using a QMA communication-complete problem introduced by Raz and Shpilka (CCC 2004).
description: 49 pages
BUSINESS FUNCTIONS APPROACH TO INNOVATIVE AND NON-INNOVATIVE BUSINESS COMPARISON IN LATVIA
Creators: name: Hilkevics, Sergejs
name: Stefenberga, Dace
name: Hilkevics, Sergejs
name: Stefenberga, Dace
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Innovative business
subject: business functions
subject: regional economic development

description: State system of innovative business support was created in Latvia during last years and the first conclusions about the efficiency of this system can be made at present time. To evaluate the efficiency of innovative business support system it is necessary to compare in some way innovative and non-innovative companies. The main task of this article is to provide the frame for innovative and non-innovative business comparison and describe on the base of this frame the main differences between innovative and non-innovative companies in Latvia at present time. The main result of investigation is the conclusion that at present time innovative business has certain advantages for development in Latvia, especially in regions, because the main weak point of innovative business - high risk - is oppressed by general business risk growing due to economic crisis.
Polar Shapelets
Creators: name: Massey, Richard
name: Refregier, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shapelets method for image analysis is based upon the decomposition of localised objects into a series of orthogonal components with convenient mathematical properties. We extend the "Cartesian shapelet" formalism from earlier work, and construct "polar shapelet" basis functions that separate an image into components with explicit rotational symmetries. These frequently provide a more compact parameterisation, and can be interpreted in an intuitive way. Image manipulation in shapelet space is simplified by the concise expressions for linear coordinate transformations; and shape measures (including object photometry, astrometry and galaxy morphology estimators) take a naturally elegant form. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of astronomical survey images, and we test shapelet techniques upon real data from the Hubble Space Telescope. We present a practical method to automatically optimise the quality of an arbitrary shapelet decomposition in the presence of observational noise, pixellisation and a Point-Spread Function. A central component of this procedure is the adaptive choice of the shapelet expansion's scale size and truncation order. A complete software package to perform shapelet image analysis is made available on the world-wide web at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~rjm/shapelets/ .
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Corrected minor errata, including equation (32). Accompanying IDL software package is available from the shapelets web site at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~rjm/shapelets/