cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Dark Sink Enhances the Direct Detection of Freeze-in Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bhattiprolu, Prudhvi N.
name: McGehee, Robert
name: Pierce, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple dark sector structure which, if present, has implications for the direct detection of dark matter (DM): the Dark Sink. A Dark Sink transports energy density from the DM into light dark-sector states that do not appreciably contribute to the DM density. As an example, we consider a light, neutral fermion $ψ$ which interacts solely with DM $χ$ via the exchange of a heavy scalar $Φ$. We illustrate the impact of a Dark Sink by adding one to a DM freeze-in model in which $χ$ couples to a light dark photon $γ'$ which kinetically mixes with the Standard Model (SM) photon. This freeze-in model (absent the sink) is itself a benchmark for ongoing experiments. In some cases, the literature for this benchmark has contained errors; we correct the predictions and provide them as a public code. We then analyze how the Dark Sink modifies this benchmark, solving coupled Boltzmann equations for the dark-sector energy density and DM yield. We check the contribution of the Dark Sink $ψ$'s to dark radiation; consistency with existing data limits the maximum attainable cross section. For DM with a mass between $\text{MeV} -\mathcal{O}(10\text{ GeV})$, adding the Dark Sink can increase predictions for the direct detection cross section all the way up to the current limits.
description: v2: published in PRD with minor revisions. 5+3 pages, 3+1 figures, public freeze-in code at https://github.com/prudhvibhattiprolu/FreezeIn
The Origin of Large-scale HI structures in the Magellanic Bridge
Creators: name: Muller, E.
name: Bekki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of a number of key large-scale HI features in the ISM of the Magellanic Bridge using dissipationless numerical simulation techniques. This study comprises the first direct comparison between detailed HI maps of the Bridge and numerical simulations. We confirm that the SMC forms two tidal filaments: a near arm, which forms the connection between the SMC and LMC, and a counterarm. We show that the HI of the most dense part of the Bridge can become arranged into a bimodal configuration, and that the formation of a "loop" of HI, located off the North-Eastern edge of the SMC can be reproduced simply as a projection of the counter-arm, and without invoking localised energy-deposition processes such as SNe or stellar winds.
description: 5 Pages, 4 Figures, Accepted - MNRAS lett
title: Методика определения экономических издержек в целях обеспечения экономической безопасности субъектов Российской Федерации
title: Methodology for Determining Economic Costs to Ensure the Economic Security of Subjects of the Russian Federation
Creators: name: Алексеев, Сергей Львович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: При проведении эконометрических измерений в субъектах Российской Федерации используются методики подсчета лишь низовой («бытовой») коррупции. Проанализированы основные методики расчетов, применяемые для оценки региональной экономической безопасности. При этом сделан акцент на реализации мер антикоррупционного контроля.
В качестве основного вывода обозначены расхождения в порядке применения отдельных индикаторов состояния коррупции и выявления экономических интересов в противодействии ей.
description: Methods for calculating only petty corruption are used when carrying out econometric measurements in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The main calculation methods used to assess regional economic security are analyzed. At the same time, the emphasis is on the implementation of anti-corruption control measures.
The main conclusion reveals discrepancies in the application of certain indicators of the corruption state and economic interests in countering it.
Observation of enhanced long-range elliptic anisotropies inside high-multiplicity jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for partonic collective effects inside jets produced in proton-proton collisions is performed via correlation measurements of charged constituents using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The analysis uses data collected at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm with a distance parameter of 0.8 and are required to have transverse momentum greater than 550 GeV and pseudorapidity $\lvertη\rvert$ $\lt$ 1.6. Two-particle correlations among the charged constituents within the jets are studied as functions of the particles' azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity separations ($Δϕ^*$ and $Δη^*$) in a jet coordinate basis, where constituents' $η^*$, $ϕ^*$ are defined relative to the direction of the jet. The correlation functions are studied in classes of in-jet charged-particle multiplicity up to $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$ $\approx$ 100. Fourier harmonics are extracted from long-range azimuthal correlation functions to characterize azimuthal anisotropy for $\lvertΔη^*\rvert$ $\gt$ 2. For low-$N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$, the long-range elliptic anisotropic harmonic, $v^*_2$, is observed to decrease with $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$. This trend is well described by Monte Carlo event generators. However, a rising trend for $v^*_2$ emerges at $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$ $\gtrsim$ 80, hinting at a possible onset of collective behavior, which is not reproduced by the models tested. This observation yields new insights into the dynamics of parton fragmentation processes in the vacuum.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-21-013 (CMS Public Pages)
Ewa Siatkowska, Rodzina języków zachodnioslowiaskich. Zarys historyczny
Creators: name: Bily, Inge
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 1 (1997)
Back-in-time dynamics of the cluster IE 0657-56 (the Bullet System)
Creators: name: Nusser, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simplified dynamical model of the ``Bullet'' system of two colliding clusters. The model constrains the masses of the system by requiring that the orbits of the main and sub components satisfy the cosmological initial conditions of vanishing physical separation a Hubble time ago. This is also known as the timing argument. The model considers a system embedded in an over-dense region. We argue that a relative speed of $4500 \rm km/s$ between the two components is consistent with cosmological conditions if the system is of a total mass of $2.8\times 10^{15}h^{-1} M_\odot$ is embedded in a region of a (mild) over-density of 10 times the cosmological background density. Combining this with the lensing measurements of the projected mass, the model yields a ratio of 3:1 for the mass of the main relative to that of the subcomponent. The effect of the background weakens as the relative speed between the two components is decreased. For relative speeds lower than $\sim 3700\rm km/s$, the timing argument yields masses which are too low to be consistent with lensing.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Semigroup of positive maps for qudit states and entanglement in tomographic probability representation
Creators: name: Man'ko, V. I.
name: Marmo, G.
name: Simoni, A.
name: Ventriglia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic and bistochastic matrices providing positive maps for spin states (for qudits) are shown to form semigroups with dense intersection with the Lie groups $IGL(n, \mathbb{R})$ and $GL(n, \mathbb{R})$ respectively. The density matrix of a qudit state is shown to be described by a spin tomogram determined by an orbit of the bistochastic semigroup acting on a simplex. A class of positive maps acting transitively on quantum states is introduced by relating stochastic and quantum stochastic maps in the tomographic setting. Finally, the entangled states of two qubits and Bell inequalities are given in the framework of the tomographic probability representation using the stochastic semigroup properties.
SVFAP: Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceiver
Creators: name: Sun, Licai
name: Lian, Zheng
name: Wang, Kexin
name: He, Yu
name: Xu, Mingyu
name: Sun, Haiyang
name: Liu, Bin
name: Tao, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video-based facial affect analysis has recently attracted increasing attention owing to its critical role in human-computer interaction. Previous studies mainly focus on developing various deep learning architectures and training them in a fully supervised manner. Although significant progress has been achieved by these supervised methods, the longstanding lack of large-scale high-quality labeled data severely hinders their further improvements. Motivated by the recent success of self-supervised learning in computer vision, this paper introduces a self-supervised approach, termed Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceiver (SVFAP), to address the dilemma faced by supervised methods. Specifically, SVFAP leverages masked facial video autoencoding to perform self-supervised pre-training on massive unlabeled facial videos. Considering that large spatiotemporal redundancy exists in facial videos, we propose a novel temporal pyramid and spatial bottleneck Transformer as the encoder of SVFAP, which not only largely reduces computational costs but also achieves excellent performance. To verify the effectiveness of our method, we conduct experiments on nine datasets spanning three downstream tasks, including dynamic facial expression recognition, dimensional emotion recognition, and personality recognition. Comprehensive results demonstrate that SVFAP can learn powerful affect-related representations via large-scale self-supervised pre-training and it significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on all datasets. Code is available at https://github.com/sunlicai/SVFAP.
description: Published in: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing (Early Access). The code and models are available at https://github.com/sunlicai/SVFAP
title: A practical guide to identify the major sensory nerves of the groin on ultrasound
Creators: name: Vanderdood, Kurt
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure Details
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Learning objectives:
To describe the landmarks on ultrasound to identify the ilioinguinal,
iliohypogastric,
genitofemoral,
obturator and pudendal nerve,
enabling ultrasound-guided diagnostic or therapeutic...
On the evolution of the observed Mass-to-Length relationship for star-forming filaments
Creators: name: Feng, Jiancheng
name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Hacar, Alvaro
name: Clark, Susan E.
name: Seifried, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar medium is threaded by a hierarchy of filaments from large scales (~ 100 pc) to small scales (~ 0.1pc). The masses and lengths of these nested structures may reveal important constraints for cloud formation and evolution, but it is difficult to investigate from an evolutionary perspective using single observations. In this work, we extract simulated molecular clouds from the Cloud Factory galactic-scale ISM suite in combination with 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code POLARIS to investigate how filamentary structure evolves over time. We produce synthetic dust continuum observations in three regions with a series of snapshots and use the Filfinder algorithm to identify filaments in the dust derived column density maps. When the synthetic filaments mass and length are plotted on an M-L plot, we see a scaling relation of $L\propto M^{0.45}$ similar to that seen in observations, and find that the filaments are thermally supercritical. Projection effects systematically affect the masses and lengths measured for the filaments, and are particularly severe in crowded regions. In the filament Mass-Length (M-L) diagram we identify three main evolutionary mechanisms: accretion, segmentation, and dispersal. In particular we find that the filaments typically evolve from smaller to larger masses in the observational M-L plane, indicating the dominant role of accretion in filament evolution. Moreover, we find a potential correlation between line mass and filament growth rate. Once filaments are actively star forming they then segment into smaller sections, or are dispersed by internal or external forces.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures
title: The role of Interventional Radiology for Musculoskeletal pain syndromes
Creators: name: Filippiadis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Puncture
subject: Safety
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure Details
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Learning objectives:
To become familiar with the most common indications for minimally invasive imaging-guided techniques for MSK pain syndromes To learn about technical considerations when performing minimally invasive imaging-guided techniques for MSK pain syndromes...
Embedding digital chronotherapy into medical devices -- A canine validation for controlling status epilepticus through multi-scale rhythmic brain stimulation
Creators: name: Zamora, Mayela
name: Meller, Sebastian
name: Kajin, Filip
name: Sermon, James J
name: Toth, Robert
name: Benjaber, Moaad
name: Dijk, Derk-Jan
name: Bogacz, Rafal
name: Worrell, Gregory A
name: Valentin, Antonio
name: Duchet, Benoit
name: Volk, Holger A
name: Denison, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Circadian and other physiological rhythms play a key role in both normal homeostasis and disease processes. Such is the case of circadian and infradian seizure patterns observed in epilepsy. In this paper we explore a new implantable stimulator that implements chronotherapy as a feedforward input to supplement both open-loop and closed-loop methods. This integrated algorithm allows for stimulation to be adjusted to the ultradian, circadian and infradian patterns observed in patients through slowly-varying temporal adjustments of stimulation and algorithm sub-components, while also enabling adaption of stimulation based on immediate physiological needs such as a breakthrough seizure or change of posture. Embedded physiological sensors in the stimulator can be used to refine the baseline stimulation circadian pattern as a "digital zeitgeber". This approach is tested on a canine with severe drug-resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy exhibiting a diurnal pattern correlated with sleep-wake cycles. Prior to implantation, the canine's cluster seizures evolved to status epilepticus (SE) and required emergency pharmacological intervention. The cranially-mounted system was fully-implanted bilaterally into the centromedian nucleus of the thalamus. Using time-based modulation, thalamocortical rhythm-specific tuning of frequency parameters as well as fast-adaptive modes based on activity, the canine experienced no further SE events post-implant as of the time of writing (seven months). Importantly, no significant cluster seizures have been observed either, allowing the reduction of rescue medication. The use of chronotherapy as a feedforward signal to augment adaptive neurostimulators could prove a useful method in conditions where sensitivity to temporal patterns are characteristics of the disease state, providing a novel mechanism for tailoring a more patient-specific therapy approach.
description: 6 text pages, 4 main figures, Fig 1 has 4 panels, Fig 2 has 3 panels, Fig 4 has 2 panels. 2 text pages of supplementary material, 1 supplementary figure
Study of $B_{(s)} \to (ππ)(Kπ)$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach
Creators: name: Li, Ya
name: Yan, Da-Cheng
name: Rui, Zhou
name: Xiao, Zhen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we provide estimates of the branching ratios, direct $CP$ asymmetries and triple product asymmetries in $B_{(s)} \to (ππ)(Kπ)$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach, where the $ππ$ and $Kπ$ invariant mass spectra are dominated by the vector resonances $ρ(770)$ and $K^*(892)$, respectively. Some scalar backgrounds, such as $f_0(500,980) \to ππ$ and $K^*_0(1430) \to Kπ$ are also accounted for. The $ρ(700)$ is parametrized by the Gounaris-Sakurai function. The relativistic Breit-Wigner formula for the $f_0(500)$ and Flatté model for the $f_0(980)$ are adopted to parameterize the time-like scalar form factors $F_S(ω^2)$. We also use the D.V. Bugg model to parameterize the $f_0(500)$ and compare the relevant theoretical predictions from different models. While in the region of $Kπ$ invariant mass, the $K^*_0(1430)$ is described with the LASS lineshape and the $K^*(892)$ is modeled by the Breit-Wigner function. We find that the decay rates for the considered decay modes agree with currently available data within errors. As a by-product, we extract the branching ratios of two-body decays $B_{(s)} \to ρ(770)K^*(892)$ from the corresponding four-body decay modes and calculate the relevant polarization fractions. Our prediction of longitudinal polarization fraction for $B^0\to ρ(770)^0 K^*(892)^0$ decay deviates a lot from the recent LHCb measurement, which should be resolved. It is shown that the direct $CP$ asymmetries are large due to the sizable interference between the tree and penguin contributions, but they are small for the tree-dominant or penguin-dominant processes. The PQCD predictions for the triple product asymmetries are small which are expected in the standard model, and consistent with the current data reported by the LHCb Collaboration.Our results can be tested by the future precise data from the LHCb and Belle II experiments.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures
Kerstin S. Jobst, Zwischen Nationalismus und Internationalismus. Die polnische und ukrainische Sozialdemokratie in Galizien von 1890-1914
Creators: name: Struve, Kai
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1998

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 47 Nr. 2 (1998)
Cohen-Macaulayness and computation of Newton graded toric rings
Creators: name: Schulze, Mathias
name: Walther, Uli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M25; 16W70

description: Let $H$ be a positive semigroup in $\mathbb{Z}^d$ generated by $A$, and let $K[H]$ be the associated semigroup ring over a field $K$. We investigate heredity of the Cohen-Macaulay property from $K[H]$ to both its $A$-Newton graded ring and to its face rings. We show by example that neither one inherits in general the Cohen-Macaulay property. On the positive side we show that for every $H$ there exist generating sets $A$ for which the Newton graduation preserves Cohen-Macaulayness. This gives an elementary proof for an important vanishing result on $A$-hypergeometric Euler-Koszul homology. As a tool for our investigations we develop an algorithm to compute algorithmically the Newton filtration on a toric ring.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
S3Net: Innovating Stereo Matching and Semantic Segmentation with a Single-Branch Semantic Stereo Network in Satellite Epipolar Imagery
Creators: name: Yang, Qingyuan
name: Chen, Guanzhou
name: Tan, Xiaoliang
name: Wang, Tong
name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Zhang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stereo matching and semantic segmentation are significant tasks in binocular satellite 3D reconstruction. However, previous studies primarily view these as independent parallel tasks, lacking an integrated multitask learning framework. This work introduces a solution, the Single-branch Semantic Stereo Network (S3Net), which innovatively combines semantic segmentation and stereo matching using Self-Fuse and Mutual-Fuse modules. Unlike preceding methods that utilize semantic or disparity information independently, our method dentifies and leverages the intrinsic link between these two tasks, leading to a more accurate understanding of semantic information and disparity estimation. Comparative testing on the US3D dataset proves the effectiveness of our S3Net. Our model improves the mIoU in semantic segmentation from 61.38 to 67.39, and reduces the D1-Error and average endpoint error (EPE) in disparity estimation from 10.051 to 9.579 and 1.439 to 1.403 respectively, surpassing existing competitive methods. Our codes are available at:https://github.com/CVEO/S3Net.
description: Published in: IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
title: Electromagnetic fusion imaging-guided spinal bone biopsies: technical feasibility
Creators: name: Sconfienza, Luca
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
Bone biopsy is a mandatory test in the work up of suspected bone lesions [1]. The percutaneous approach under CT guidance has become the method of choice for targeting the lesions [2,3],
as it allows a proper visualization of the surrounding tissues...
Causality in Higher Order Process Theories
Creators: name: Wilson, Matt
name: Chiribella, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Quantum supermaps provide a framework in which higher order quantum processes can act on lower order quantum processes. In doing so, they enable the definition and analysis of new quantum protocols and causal structures. Recently, key features of quantum supermaps were captured through a general categorical framework, which led to a framework of higher order process theories (HOPT). The HOPT framework models lower and higher order transformations in a single unified theory, with its mathematical structure shown to coincide with the notion of a closed symmetric monoidal category. Here we provide an equivalent construction of the HOPT framework from four simple axioms of process-theoretic nature. We then use the HOPT framework to establish connections between foundational features such as causality, determinism and signalling, alongside exploring their interaction with the mathematical structure of *-autonomy.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2021, arXiv:2109.04886
Konstytucje Polski. Studia monograficzne z dziejów polskiego konstytucjonalizmu
Creators: name: Uschakow, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (1995)
title: The at risk locations of the sural nerve, prone to iatrogenic injuries during the posterolateral approach to the distal tibial fractures - an ultrasound study
Creators: name: Pękala, Przemysław
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Surgery
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
Distal tibia bone grafting,
treatment of the Pilon fractures and trimalleolar fracture repairs are a few examples of surgeries that involve the posterolateral approach to the tibia.
An undisputable advantage of the said technique is the fact that it...
The bending of light and lensing in modified gravity
Creators: name: Moffat, J. W.
name: Toth, V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our modified gravity theory (MOG) was used successfully in the past to explain a range of astronomical and cosmological observations, including galaxy rotation curves, the CMB acoustic peaks, and the galaxy mass power spectrum. MOG was also used successfully to explain the unusual features of the Bullet Cluster 1E0657-558 without exotic dark matter. In the present work, we derive the relativistic equations of motion in the spherically symmetric field of a point source in MOG and, in particular, we derive equations for light bending and lensing. Our results also have broader applications in the case of extended distributions of matter, and they can be used to validate the Bullet Cluster results and provide a possible explanation for the merging clusters in Abell 520.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures (final manuscript that corresponds to published version)
Die Rechtsstellung der Judengemeinden von Krakau und Prag um 1500. Beispiele jüdischer Existenz in Ostmitteleuropa
Creators: name: Petersen, Heidemarie
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 1 (1997)
Sukmana i krzyż. Studia z dziejów insurecji kościuszkowskiej
Creators: name: Krzoska, Markus
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (1995)
An avalanche-photodiode-based photon-number-resolving detector
Creators: name: Kardynal, B. E.
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Avalanche photodiodes are widely used as practical detectors of single photons.1 Although conventional devices respond to one or more photons, they cannot resolve the number in the incident pulse or short time interval. However, such photon number resolving detectors are urgently needed for applications in quantum computing,2-4 communications5 and interferometry,6 as well as for extending the applicability of quantum detection generally. Here we show that, contrary to current belief,3,4 avalanche photodiodes are capable of detecting photon number, using a technique to measure very weak avalanches at the early stage of their development. Under such conditions the output signal from the avalanche photodiode is proportional to the number of photons in the incident pulse. As a compact, mass-manufactured device, operating without cryogens and at telecom wavelengths, it offers a practical solution for photon number detection.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Equivalence regimes for geometric quantum discord and local quantum uncertainty
Creators: name: Cordero, Oscar
name: Villegas, Arturo
name: Alvarez, Juan-Rafael
name: León-Montiel, Roberto de J.
name: Passos, M. H. M.
name: Torres, Juan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of quantum discord aims at unveiling quantum correlations that go beyond those described by entanglement. Its original formulation [J. Phys. A 34, 6899 (2001); Phys. Rev. Lett 88, 017901 (2002)] is difficult to compute even for the simplest case of two-qubits systems. Alternative formulations have been developed to address this drawback, such as the geometric measure of quantum discord [Phys. Rev. A 87, 062303 (2013)] and the local quantum uncertainty [Phys. Rev. Lett 110, 240402 (2013)] that can be evaluated in closed form for some quantum systems, such as two-qubit systems. We show here that these two measures of quantum discord are equivalent for 2 x D dimensional bipartite quantum systems. By considering the relevant example of N00N states for phase estimation in lossy environments, we also show that both metrics of quantum discord quantify the decrease of quantum Fisher information of the phase estimation protocol. Given their ease of computation in 2 x D bipartite systems, the geometric measure of quantum discord and the local quantum uncertainty demonstrate their relevance as computable measures of quantum discord.
description: 7 pages - 4 figures
title: The anatomical landmarks effective in localization of median nerve during orthopedic procedures - an ultrasound study
Creators: name: Pękala, Przemysław
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Surgery
subject: Screening
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common nerve compression syndromes affecting the general population.
This condition may cause numbness,
paresthesias,
burning sensations and pain in both the hand and arm.
These effects begin to appear...
Éva Somogyi, Der gemeinsame Ministerrat der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie 1867-1906
Creators: name: Flöter, Jonas
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1998

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 47 Nr. 2 (1998)
Teaching STEM education in Nigeria: challenges and recommendations.
Creators: name: Fomunyam, Dr. Kehdinga George
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: STEM is an acronym for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Recently, attention has been placed on STEM as a result of the employment gap in STEM-field and the need to meet the demand of technological development of this present time. STEM was earlier known as SMET meaning science mathematic engineering and technology before it was later changed in the 1990s by the National Science Foundation to promote and create awareness the direction technological development is taking us has created a need to prepare, sensitize, motivate and promote the study of STEM. However, the fundamental questions remain; how we teach STEM, what are the challenges with STEM education and what possibilities do the future hold. This paper seeks to explore the answer to these questions and how best to make STEM education effective in Nigeria. The paper does this by first of all exploring the literature on STEM education in Nigeria, then proceed to look at the challenges facing sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics education in Nigeria. It further looks at the possibilities available and how STEM education and improve the general welling being of both the people and the society in which they live in. the paper concludes that STEM education is necessary for the growth and development of the nation and if Nigeria will remain the giant of Africa, then more emphasis must be placed on STEM education.
Black hole as an Information Eraser
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
name: Lee, Jae-Weon
name: Lee, Jungjai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the identity of black hole entropy and show that the first law of black hole thermodynamics, in the case of a Schwarzschild black hole, can be derived from Landauer's principle by assuming that the black hole is one of the most efficient information erasers in systems of a given temperature. The term "most efficient" implies that minimal energy is required to erase a given amount of information. We calculate the discrete mass spectra and the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole assuming that the black hole processes information in unit of bits. The black hole entropy acquires a sub-leading contribution proportional to the logarithm of its mass-squared in addition to the usual mass-squared term without an artificial cutoff. We also argue that the minimum of the black hole mass is $\sqrt{\log 2/(8π)}M_P$.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, minor changes
title: Variant anatomy of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve posing a higher risk of iatrogenic injury during the tendon harvesting for the ACL recenstruction
Creators: name: Pękala, Przemysław
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Anatomy
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Surgery
subject: Screening
subject: Grafts

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
The infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) is a cutaneous nerve of the lower extremity that emerges distally to the adductor or the subsartorial canal.
Its anatomical features are well-known to be varied both between individuals,
as...
Phase Diagram of YbZnGaO4 in Applied Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Steinhardt, William
name: Maksimov, P. A.
name: Dissanayake, Sachith
name: Shi, Zhenzhong
name: Butch, Nicholas P.
name: Graf, David
name: Podlesnyak, Andrey
name: Liu, Yaohua
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Xu, Guangyong
name: Lynn, Jeffrey W.
name: Marjerrison, Casey
name: Chernyshev, A. L.
name: Haravifard, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Yb-based triangular lattice antiferromagnets have garnered significant interest as possible quantum spin liquid candidates. One example is YbMgGaO4, which showed many promising spin liquid features, but also possesses a high degree of disorder owing to site-mixing between the non-magnetic cations. To further elucidate the role of chemical disorder and to explore the phase diagram of these materials in applied field, we present neutron scattering and sensitive magnetometry measurements of the closely related compound, YbZnGaO4. Our results suggest a difference in magnetic anisotropy between the two compounds, and we use key observations of the magnetic phase crossover to motivate an exploration of the field- and exchange parameter-dependent phase diagram, providing an expanded view of the available magnetic states in applied field. This enriched map of the phase space serves as a basis to restrict the values of parameters describing the magnetic Hamiltonian with broad application to recently discovered related materials.
title: The clinical value of early and late postoperative follow-up MRI after lumbar spine surgery for spinal stenosis patients
Creators: name: Park, Jeongmi
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Perception image
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
•The purpose of this study was to evaluate serial early and late postoperative findings of MR imaging within 2 years after decompression lumbar surgery and predict clinical...
Ctenoneurus Bergroth 1887
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Ctenoneurus

description: Genus Ctenoneurus Bergroth, 1887
Ctenoneurus Bergroth, 1887: 188. Type species: Neuroctenus hochstetteri Mayr, 1866: 365 (New Zealand), subsequent designation by Usinger & Matsuda, 1959: 268.
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
Multi-photon entanglement and interferometry
Creators: name: Pan, Jian-Wei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Weinfurter, Harald
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Zukowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-photon interference reveals strictly non-classical phenomena. Its applications range from fundamental tests of quantum mechanics to photonic quantum information processing, where a significant fraction of key experiments achieved so far comes from multi-photon state manipulation. We review the progress, both theoretical and experimental, of this rapidly advancing research. The emphasis is given to the creation of photonic entanglement of various forms, tests of the completeness of quantum mechanics (in particular, violations of local realism), quantum information protocols for quantum communication (e.g., quantum teleportation, entanglement purification and quantum repeater), and quantum computation with linear optics. We shall limit the scope of our review to "few photon" phenomena involving measurements of discrete observables.
description: 71 pages, 38 figures; updated version accepted by Rev. Mod. Phys
Die Deutschen um 1500 in den Metropolen Prag, Ofen und Krakau. Versuch eines Vergleichs
Creators: name: Belzyt, Leszek
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 1 (1997)
Riemann-Hilbert approach to a generalized sine kernel and applications
Creators: name: Kitanine, N.
name: Kozlowski, Karol K.
name: Maillet, Jean Michel
name: Slavnov, N. A.
name: Terras, Véronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the asymptotic behavior of a generalized sine kernel acting on a finite size interval [-q,q]. We determine its asymptotic resolvent as well as the first terms in the asymptotic expansion of its Fredholm determinant. Further, we apply our results to build the resolvent of truncated Wiener--Hopf operators generated by holomorphic symbols. Finally, the leading asymptotics of the Fredholm determinant allows us to establish the asymptotic estimates of certain oscillatory multidimensional coupled integrals that appear in the study of correlation functions of quantum integrable models.
description: 74 pages
Detecting Initial System-Environment Correlations in Open Systems
Creators: name: Hagen, Sarah
name: Byrd, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations between a system and its environment lead to errors in an open quantum system. Detecting those correlations would be valuable for avoiding and/or correcting those errors. Here we show that we can detect correlations by only measuring the system itself if we know the cause of the interaction between the two, for example in the case of a dipole-dipole interaction. We investigate the unitary $U$ which is associated with the exchange Hamiltonian and examine the ability to detect initial correlations between a system and its environment for various types of initial states. The states we select are motivated by realistic experimental conditions and we provide bounds for when we can state with certainty that there are initial system-environment correlations given experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Cloud-based XAI Services for Assessing Open Repository Models Under Adversarial Attacks
Creators: name: Wang, Zerui
name: Liu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The opacity of AI models necessitates both validation and evaluation before their integration into services. To investigate these models, explainable AI (XAI) employs methods that elucidate the relationship between input features and output predictions. The operations of XAI extend beyond the execution of a single algorithm, involving a series of activities that include preprocessing data, adjusting XAI to align with model parameters, invoking the model to generate predictions, and summarizing the XAI results. Adversarial attacks are well-known threats that aim to mislead AI models. The assessment complexity, especially for XAI, increases when open-source AI models are subject to adversarial attacks, due to various combinations. To automate the numerous entities and tasks involved in XAI-based assessments, we propose a cloud-based service framework that encapsulates computing components as microservices and organizes assessment tasks into pipelines. The current XAI tools are not inherently service-oriented. This framework also integrates open XAI tool libraries as part of the pipeline composition. We demonstrate the application of XAI services for assessing five quality attributes of AI models: (1) computational cost, (2) performance, (3) robustness, (4) explanation deviation, and (5) explanation resilience across computer vision and tabular cases. The service framework generates aggregated analysis that showcases the quality attributes for more than a hundred combination scenarios.
description: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Software Services Engineering (SSE)
Aggregate Cyber-Risk Management in the IoT Age: Cautionary Statistics for (Re)Insurers and Likes
Creators: name: Pal, Ranjan
name: Huang, Ziyuan
name: Yin, Xinlong
name: Lototsky, Sergey
name: De, Swades
name: Tarkoma, Sasu
name: Liu, Mingyan
name: Crowcroft, Jon
name: Sastry, Nishanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we provide (i) a rigorous general theory to elicit conditions on (tail-dependent) heavy-tailed cyber-risk distributions under which a risk management firm might find it (non)sustainable to provide aggregate cyber-risk coverage services for smart societies, and (ii)a real-data driven numerical study to validate claims made in theory assuming boundedly rational cyber-risk managers, alongside providing ideas to boost markets that aggregate dependent cyber-risks with heavy-tails.To the best of our knowledge, this is the only complete general theory till date on the feasibility of aggregate cyber-risk management.
description: incrementally updated version to version in IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Hillel Levine, Economic Origins of Antisemitism. Poland and Ist Jews in the Early Modern Period
Creators: name: Battenberg, J. Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (1995)
Inverse association between stress induced cortisol elevations and negative emotional reactivity to stress in humans
Creators: name: Abercrombie, Heather C.
name: Barnes, Alexandra L.
name: Nord, Elizabeth C.
name: Finley, Anna J.
name: Higgins, Estelle T.
name: Grupe, Daniel W.
name: Rosenkranz, Melissa A.
name: Davidson, Richard J.
name: Schaefer, Stacey M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Greater cortisol reactivity to stress is often assumed to lead to heightened negative affective reactivity to stress. Conversely, a growing body of evidence demonstrates mood-protective effects of cortisol elevations in the context of acute stress. We administered a laboratory-based stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), and measured cortisol and emotional reactivity in 68 adults (48 women) between the ages of 25 and 65. In accordance with our pre-registered hypothesis (https://osf.io/t8r3w) and prior research, negative affective reactivity was inversely related to cortisol reactivity assessed immediately after the stressor. We found that greater cortisol response to acute stress is associated with smaller increases in negative affect, consistent with mood-protective effects of cortisol elevations in response to acute stress.
Ferromagnetic behavior in magnetized plasmas
Creators: name: Brodin, G.
name: Marklund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a low-temperature plasma within a newly developed MHD Fluid model. In addition to the standard terms, the electron spin, quantum particle dispersion and degeneracy effects are included. It turns out that the electron spin properties can give rise to Ferromagnetic behavior in certain regimes. If additional conditions are fulfilled, a homogenous magnetized plasma can even be unstable. This happen in the low-temperature high-density regime, when the magnetic properties associated with the spin can overcome the stabilizing effects of the thermal and Fermi pressure, to cause a Jeans like instability.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
title: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with solid tumor during chemotheraphy with or without anti-angiogenesis therapy: A Review of 13 Cases
Creators: name: Park, Jeongmi
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Purpose
Methods and Materials
Results
Conclusion
References
Personal Information
description: Purpose:
To assess the risk of osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head in patients with solid tumor during medical treatments such as chemotherapy,
anti-angiogenesis,
hormone or immunotherapy...