cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots induce ferroptosis through disrupting calcium homeostasis in microglia
Creators: name: Wu, Tianshu
name: Wang, Xinyu
name: Cheng, Jin
name: Liang, Xue
name: Li, Yimeng
name: Chen, Min
name: Kong, Lu
name: Tang, Meng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supporting information of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots induce ferroptosis through disrupting calcium homeostasis in microglia. Table S1: The summary of physicochemical characteristics of N-GQDs. Table S2: Effects of N-GQDs on routine blood indicators of mice. Table S3: Designed qRT-PCR primers of genes. Figure S1: The content of endotoxin in 100 µg/mL N-GQDs. Figure S2: The transportation and distribution of N-GQDs in hippocampus. Figure S3: The general toxic effects caused by N-GQDs in mice. Figure S4: N-GQDs induced impairments of hippocampus that was alleviated by Fer-1. Figure S5: Fer-1 reversed lipid peroxidation caused by N-GQDs in hippocampus. Figure S6: Pre-treatment of Fer-1 reversed lipid peroxidation caused by N-GQDs in BV2 cells. Figure S7: Representative fluorescent images of intracellular calcium level in BV2 cells. Figure S8: Pre-treatment of L-VGCCs inhibitors reversed cell damages and inflammation caused by N-GQDs in BV2 cells. Figure S9: Pre-treatment of L-VGCCs inhibitors alleviated lipid peroxidation caused by N-GQDs in BV2 cells. Figure S10: Pre-treatment of RyR channels inhibitor reversed cell damages and inflammation caused by N-GQDs in BV2 cells. Figure S11: Pre-treatment of RyR channels inhibitor alleviated lipid peroxidation caused by N-GQDs in BV2 cells. Figure S12: N-GQDs caused ER stress response in hippocampus and BV2 cells. Figure S13: N-GQDs caused the alternation of genes associated with ER stress in BV2 cells. Figure S14: The distribution of N-GQDs in cells. Figure S15: The protein expressions of BIP, CHOP and ATF4.
Determinism Should Ensure Deadlock-Freedom
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Nalini
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: The advent of multicore processors has made concurrent programming models mandatory. However, most concurrent programming models come with two major pitfalls: non-determinism and deadlocks. By determinism, we mean the output behavior of the program is independent of the scheduling choices (e.g., the operating system) and depends only on the input behavior. A few concurrent models provide deterministic behavior by providing constructs that impose additional synchronization, but improper or out-of-order use of these constructs leads to problems like deadlocks. In this paper, we argue for both determinism and deadlock-freedom. We propose a design of a deterministic, deadlock-free model. Any program that uses this model is guaranteed to produce the same output for a given input. Additionally, the program will never deadlock: the program will either terminate or run forever.
title: Transition, volume 2, issue 3
title: Transition
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Watts, Steve
name: ASCSU, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1969
Subjects: Colorado State University -- Periodicals
Fort Collins (Colo.) -- Periodicals

description: October 8 issue of the Transition, a weekly Colorado State University student newspaper and an alternative to the Rocky Mountain Collegian. Includes articles, photographs, and illustrations concerning local and national issues important to students at Colorado State University.
Using machine learning to compress the matter transfer function $T(k)$
Creators: name: Orjuela-Quintana, J. Bayron
name: Nesseris, Savvas
name: Cardona, Wilmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear matter power spectrum $P(k,z)$ connects theory with large scale structure observations in cosmology. Its scale dependence is entirely encoded in the matter transfer function $T(k)$, which can be computed numerically by Boltzmann solvers, and can also be computed semi-analytically by using fitting functions such as the well-known Bardeen-Bond-Kaiser-Szalay (BBKS) and Eisenstein-Hu (EH) formulae. However, both the BBKS and EH formulae have some significant drawbacks. On the one hand, although BBKS is a simple expression, it is only accurate up to $10\%$, which is well above the $1\%$ precision goal of forthcoming surveys. On the other hand, while EH is as accurate as required by upcoming experiments, it is a rather long and complicated expression. Here, we use the Genetic Algorithms (GAs), a particular machine learning technique, to derive simple and accurate fitting formulae for the transfer function $T(k)$. When the effects of massive neutrinos are also considered, our expression slightly improves over the EH formula, while being notably shorter in comparison.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Changes match published version
title: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACE-i) Angioedema: An Insidious Strangler
Creators: name: Fiester, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Oedema
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Acute
subject: Screening
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Abdomen
subject: Head and Neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: ⦁ To describe radiological findings of ACE-i angioedema in computed tomography (CT) Scans ⦁ To review the pathophysiology, incidence and clinical manifestations of ACE-i...
Solidification fronts in supercooled liquids: how rapid fronts can lead to disordered glassy solids
Creators: name: Archer, A. J.
name: Robbins, M. J.
name: Thiele, U.
name: Knobloch, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the speed of a crystallisation (or more generally, a solidification) front as it advances into the uniform liquid phase after the system has been quenched into the crystalline region of the phase diagram. We calculate the front speed by assuming a dynamical density functional theory model for the system and applying a marginal stability criterion. Our results also apply to phase field crystal (PFC) models of solidification. As the solidification front advances into the unstable liquid phase, the density profile behind the advancing front develops density modulations and the wavelength of these modulations is a dynamically chosen quantity. For shallow quenches, the selected wavelength is precisely that of the crystalline phase and so well-ordered crystalline states are formed. However, when the system is deeply quenched, we find that this wavelength can be quite different from that of the crystal, so that the solidification front naturally generates disorder in the system. Significant rearrangement and ageing must subsequently occur for the system to form the regular well-ordered crystal that corresponds to the free energy minimum. Additional disorder is introduced whenever a front develops from random initial conditions. We illustrate these findings with results obtained from the PFC.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
The parton-level structure of $e^+e^-$ to 2 jets at N$^3$LO
Creators: name: Jakubčík, Petr
name: Marcoli, Matteo
name: Stagnitto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) corrections to hadronic final states in electron-positron collisions at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$ in the strong coupling constant $α_s$. Namely, we analytically compute the total cross section for this process by separately integrating the tree-level five-parton, the one-loop four-parton, the two-loop three-parton, and the three-loop two-parton matrix elements over the respective phase space. All the contributions to the calculation are treated in a common framework whereby phase space integrals are expressed as physical cuts of the four-loop two-point function. We check the cancellation of infrared poles at all colour levels and we reproduce the known result for the $R$-ratio at order $α_s^3$.
description: 33 pages; ancillary files with results in FORM format; v2: matching the published version, fixed ancillary files, updated references
Developing methane biofiltration In oil sands tailings ponds
Creators: name: Zeb, Gulrukhsar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Tailings ponds
subject: Biochar
subject: Biofilter
subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Environmental Sciences

description: Oil sands tailings ponds in Alberta are mostly anoxic environments estimated to emit 2.7 Mt of CH4 each year to the atmosphere. Because CH4 is 34 times more potent than CO2 as a greenhouse gas, and the government of Alberta has called for a 45% reduction in CH4 emissions by 2020, this release of CH4 has become a pressing issue. One potential way to combat these large fluxes of CH4 from the tailings ponds is via biofiltration. CH4 biofiltration is the process by which aerobic methane-eating or methanotrophic bacteria are used to oxidize CH4 to CO2, a far less potent greenhouse gas. We have tested the potential for biofilters comprised of biochar to be floated on top of the tailings ponds. Experiments conducted in the lab demonstrate that biochar is an excellent matrix to capture and slow the diffusion of CH4 within small volume pores, and in addition acts as a good matrix for growth of methanotrophs. The CH4 oxidation rate in tailings was faster when biochar was added, compared to controls that did not contain any biochar. Furthermore, a mesocosm was designed that mimicked a real-life tailings ponds with CH4 fed from below and O2 from above. After two months of incubation, the mesocosm was able to oxidize CH4 with over 90% efficiency when supplied at a rate higher than the highest CH4 efflux recorded in any tailings pond to date (26 tonnes ha -1y-1). The biofilter was analyzed for its microbial community via sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results revealed a community dominated by various species of methanotrophs, which suggest that it will be robust to environmental fluctuations. The biofilter was also utilized to monitor the co-degradation of naphthenic acids during methanotrophy, and to test the resilience of the biofilter to environmental changes (e.g. in CH4 supply).
Development of polyacrylamide composite hydrogel for removal of humic acid based on interaction studies
Creators: name: Maan, Omar Karim
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Polyacrylamide
subject: Metal Organic Frameworks
subject: Humic Acid
subject: Adsorption
subject: Engineering

description: In the field of wastewater treatment and environmental remediation, tried and true materials such as the hydrophilic polymer, polyacrylamide (PAM), are taking a backseat to emerging technologies like metal organic frameworks (MOFs), whose ultrahigh porosity and surface area make them a very exciting and attractive subject matter. However, there’s still much that isn’t known about how PAM interacts with major constituents of the environment, one of which is humic acid (HA), such interactions ultimately determine PAM’s behavior, transport, and remediation performance. Having a clearer picture of the interactions between PAM and HA is important because it can help optimize wastewater treatment and agricultural operations, as well as influence the development of efficient technologies in those industries. In this thesis work the fundamental molecular interactions between PAM and HA were determined to better understand the role and evolution of PAM in the environment. PAM was found to not have a strong affinity for HA and low adsorption capacities. The low performance of PAM gels, as predicted by the interaction studies, was then addressed by the integration of a metal organic framework (Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8, ZIF-8) into the gel matrix. The composite PAM-ZIF-8 hydrogel demonstrated good adsorption capacities compared to pure PAM hydrogels, and easy handling and application compared to pure ZIF-8 powder. The results of this work show that the PAM-ZIF-8 composite is a promising new material for the treatment of polluted waters that may be further developed and improved. The thesis demonstrates how a fundamental understanding of the inter-molecular and surface interactions of environmentally complex systems can be obtained at a micro and macroscopic scale, and further used to provide scientific guidance on the development of novel materials/devices for wastewater remediation.
An Empirical Approach to Studying Intonation Tendencies in Polyphonic Vocal Performances
Creators: name: Devaney, Johanna
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Music

description: Background in music theory and analysis. Polyphonic vocal intonation practices have been addressed in a number of studies on vocal acoustics. Our research both builds on this work and supplements it with a theoretical paradigm based on work done in the areas of sensory consonance and tonal attraction. Background in computing. Recent work in the field of music information retrieval has discussed the main obstacles related to tracking pitches in a polyphonic signal and has provided some techniques for working around these problems. Our method for analyzing the pitch content of recorded performances draws extensively on this work and on the knowledge made available to us by the musical scores of the pieces being performed. Aims. Our research is focused on the study and modeling of polyphonic vocal intonation practices through the intersection of computational and theoretical approaches. We present a methodology that allows for a detailed model of this aspect of polyphonic vocal performance practice to be built from analyses of numerous recordings of real-world performances, while working within a robust theoretical paradigm. Main contribution. In the computational component of the research a number of a cappella polyphonic vocal recordings are analyzed with signal processing techniques to estimate the perceived fundamental frequencies for the sung notes. These observations can be related to the musical context of the score through machine learning techniques to determine likely intonation tendencies for regularly occurring musical patterns. A major issue in developing a theory of intonation practices is the potential conflict between the vertical and horizontal intonational impetuses. To assess this conflict in greater detail we have constructed a theoretical approach where theories of sensory consonance account for vertical tuning tendencies and theories of tonal attraction account for the horizontal tendencies. Implications. In the field of music cognition, our research relates to work being done in the area of musical expression. If the intonation tendencies inferred from the end results of this research are taken as a norm, then deviations from this norm, when these deviations are musically appropriate, can be viewed as expressive phenomena. Computer software implementing such results will allow composers and musicologists to hear more intonationally accurate digital re-creations and may also function as a training guide for vocalists
Glitch : an artistic investigation about relational aesthetics-based collaborative arts and its site-specificity
Creators: name: Garrett, Andrea Dirickson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This art-based project is composed of several installations that employ inter-media strategies of performance, installation art, participatory art and new media. The research paper and the body of work that was created for this research examines collaborative art that employs Nicolas Bourriaud’s concepts regarding Relational Aesthetics. The research also examines the concept of site-specificity in general. Using a critical perspective rooted in cultural studies the creative work produced uses irony and allegoric humor. Particular attention was given to transnationality factors and Brazilian antecedents
Evaluating generative models in high energy physics
Creators: name: Kansal, Raghav
name: Li, Anni
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Chernyavskaya, Nadezda
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Orzari, Breno
name: Tomei, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been a recent explosion in research into machine-learning-based generative modeling to tackle computational challenges for simulations in high energy physics (HEP). In order to use such alternative simulators in practice, we need well-defined metrics to compare different generative models and evaluate their discrepancy from the true distributions. We present the first systematic review and investigation into evaluation metrics and their sensitivity to failure modes of generative models, using the framework of two-sample goodness-of-fit testing, and their relevance and viability for HEP. Inspired by previous work in both physics and computer vision, we propose two new metrics, the Fréchet and kernel physics distances (FPD and KPD, respectively), and perform a variety of experiments measuring their performance on simple Gaussian-distributed, and simulated high energy jet datasets. We find FPD, in particular, to be the most sensitive metric to all alternative jet distributions tested and recommend its adoption, along with the KPD and Wasserstein distances between individual feature distributions, for evaluating generative models in HEP. We finally demonstrate the efficacy of these proposed metrics in evaluating and comparing a novel attention-based generative adversarial particle transformer to the state-of-the-art message-passing generative adversarial network jet simulation model. The code for our proposed metrics is provided in the open source JetNet Python library.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, and a 5 page appendix
Impacts of Industrial and Resource Development on the Wholistic Health of Akwesasronon: A Human Responsibility/Rights Solution
Creators: name: Jacobs, Beverley Kim
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Indigenous Health
subject: Indigenous Legal Traditions
subject: Indigenous Research Methodologies
subject: Haudenosaunee Laws
subject: Education--Health
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Native American Studies
subject: Sociology--Theory and Methods

description: This dissertation demonstrates how wholistic health of the Akwesasronon is directly connected to Ohen:ton Karihwatehkwen (Thanksgiving Address), which reflects the healthy relationships and connection between all living things including human beings and the natural world. Using a Haudenosaunee Research Methodology with Community Based Participatory Action Research methodologies, including Photovoice with Akwesasne community members and interviews with Knowledge Holders, I show how wholistic health includes healthy relationships and connections with self, family, community, Mother Earth, The Waters, The Fish Life, The Food Plants, The Medicine Herbs, The Animals, The Trees, and finally, the Four Winds, the Thunderers, the Sun and the Moon, the Starts and our Teachers (all aspects acknowledged in Ohen:ton Karihwatehkwen). I also argue that wholistic healthiness of Akwesasronon is protected through the practices of Haudenosaunee Laws. I present the impacts of industrial and resource development that have had detrimental effects upon the mind, body and spirit of Akwesasronon and on all aspects acknowledged in Ohen:ton Karihwatehkwen. The impacts also included many losses of emotional, spiritual, physical, mental well-being of Akwesasronon and the environmental well-being of the natural world. Despite the impacts, I acknowledge the resiliency and strength of Akwesasronon that shines through because they have been able to maintain the practices of Haudenosaunee Laws that protect their wholistic health. I explain and utilize Kuswentah theory to establish the different ways of thinking and analyzing between Haudenosaunee laws and Euro-Canadian laws. Haudenosaunee laws represented in their canoe, focus on the roles and responsibilities of human beings within the bigger picture of the natural world and natural laws. Euro-Canadian laws, represented in their ship, focus on the rights of human beings, and - specific to this study- on how the rights of Aboriginal peoples in Canada are defined under section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 of Canada. I argue that the right to self-determination based on the practice of Haudenosaunee laws that protect wholistic health of Akwesasronon is protected as a Kuswentah right under section 35. Nevertheless, Akwesasronon Knowledge Holders shared their hesitancy in litigating their section 35 rights, leading to my discussion of reconciliation and decolonization of Euro-Canadian laws.
Instantaneous Transitions in Esterel
Creators: name: Tardieu, Olivier
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: Esterel is an imperative synchronous programming language for the specification of deterministic concurrent reactive systems. While providing the usual control-flow constructs—sequences, loops, conditionals, and exceptions—its lack of a goto instruction makes the programming of arbitrary finite state machines awkward and hinders the design of source-to-source program transformations. We previously introduced to Esterel a non-instantaneous gotopause instruction, which prevents the synchronous execution of code before and code after the transition. Here, we tackle instantaneous transitions. Concurrency demands we assign scopes and priorities to gotos, so we extend Esterel's exception handling mechanism to allow exception handlers in arbitrary locations. We advocate for and formalize the resulting language. We observe that instantaneous gotos complement but do not replace non-instantaneous gotopauses.
Techniques for Observing Binaries in Other Galaxies
Creators: name: Bonanos, Alceste Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an overview of the techniques used for detecting and following up binaries in nearby galaxies and present the current census of extragalactic binaries, with a focus on eclipsing systems. The motivation for looking in other galaxies is the use of eclipsing binaries as distance indicators and as probes of the most massive stars.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, to appear in the proceedings of the IAUS 282 on "From Interacting Binaries to Exoplanets: Essential Modelling Tools" (Tatranska Lomnica, Slovakia, July 2011), Cambridge University Press
title: Predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/MR at head and neck cancer patient treated with chemoradiotherapy – methodology case study
Creators: name: Kedves, Andras
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Medicine
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: PET-MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Cancer
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Outcomes
subject: Retrospective
subject: Case-control study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The study presents a possible method to assess the predictive value of 18 F-FDG PET/MR atlaryngealcarcinomapatient treated with...
Properties of condensed matter from fundamental physical constants
Creators: name: Trachenko, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental physical constants play a profound role in physics. For example, they govern nuclear reactions, formation of stars, nuclear synthesis and stability of biologically vital elements. These are high-energy processes discussed in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology. More recently, it was realised that fundamental physical constants extend their governing reach to low-energy processes and properties operating in condensed matter systems, often in an unexpected way. These properties are those we experience daily and can routinely measure, including viscosity, thermal conductivity, elasticity and sound. Here, we review this work. We start with the lower bound on liquid viscosity, its origin and show how to relate the bound to fundamental physical constants. The lower bound of kinematic viscosity represents the global minimum on the phase diagram. We show how this result answers the long-standing question considered by Purcell and Weisskopf, namely why viscosity never falls below a certain value. An accompanying insight is that water viscosity and water-based life are well attuned to fundamental constants, adding another higher-level layer to the anthropic principle. We then discuss viscosity minima in liquid He above and below the $λ$-point. We subsequently consider a very different property, thermal diffusivity, and show that it has the same minimum fixed by fundamental physical constants as viscosity. We also discuss bounds related to elastic properties, elastic moduli and their analogues in low-dimensional systems, and show how these bounds are related to the upper bound for the speed of sound. We conclude with listing ways in which the discussion of fundamental constants and bounds advance physical theories.
Ta-Based Nanostructured Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Creators: name: Abhayawardhana, Anusha Dilhani
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Energy
subject: Materials Science

description: The focus of this work has been to assess the suitability of nanostructured TaOxNy, primarily as nanotubes (NTs), as a catalyst and/or catalyst support material for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. It was found that this n-type material could be switched between an insulating state at > 0.6 V vs RHE to a conducting state at < 0.6 V in both aqueous and organic media. In the conducting state, the redox activity was proposed to be due to the Ta4+/5+ reaction, along with insertion/de-insertion of solution cations. The conductivity switching behavior was correlated with electrochromism, with the NTs being yellow-orange in the oxidized state and blue-black when reduced. TaOxNy was then tested for its activity in catalyzing hydrogen oxidation (HOR) and oxygen reduction (ORR) in acidic medium. Although TaOxNy alone is inactive towards these reactions, the presence of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) changed its behaviour. When deposited on a thin compact TaOxNy film, normal Pt electrochemistry was seen with a ~60 mV⋅decade-1 ORR Tafel slope. When Pt NPs were deposited on TaOxNy NTs, a 105 mV⋅decade-1 ORR Tafel slope was seen attributed to porosity or resistance of the TaOxNy. Both the TaOxNy NTs alone and the Pt NPs/TaOxNy NTs material were found to be very resistant to corrosion under PEMFC operating conditions, evaluated through an in-house accelerated durability test. Further, due to its conductivity switching characteristics, the HOR showed better performance than the ORR, but not as good as for state-of the art Pt/Carbon. Interestingly, some hydrogen oxidation was seen even when TaOxNy is non-conducting, attributed to stabilization of the Ta4+ state in H2. TaOxNy was also anchored on colloid imprinted carbon (CIC) to improve its conductivity and durability. Although the CIC improved the conductivity, all CIC-based materials failed the corrosion accelerated durability tests (ADT). The presence of TaOxNy or N-doping of CIC (N is doped during synthesis) also did not improve the corrosion resistance. Overall, TaOxNy was shown to be a very durable material, resistant to corrosion even at very high anodic potentials. It is also a promising support material for Pt NPs for the catalysis of the HOR, but its conductivity likely needs to be improved further in order to catalyze the ORR.
title: Case Series of Polypoidal Vaginal mass lesions in Young females
Creators: name: Tazeen, Shaagoofa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Oncology
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: ·Importance of MR imaging in the evaluation of polypoidal vaginal mass lesions in younger age group, narrowing down the differential diagnosis as either arising from the cervix or from the vagina. ·MR imaging is the modality of choice for the...
Finiteness of the playing time in 'Beggar-my-neighbour' card game
Creators: name: Aleksenko, A.
name: Lakshtanov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is proved that in card games similar to 'Beggar-my-neighbour' the mathematical expectation of the playing time is finite, provided that the player who starts the round is determined randomly and the deck is shuffled when the trick is added. The result holds for the generic setting of the game.
description: The paper has been submitted to the Problems of Information Transmission. It will appear in English in the English version of the journal
Generalised higher-order Freud weights
Creators: name: Clarkson, Peter A.
name: Jordaan, Kerstin
name: Loureiro, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss polynomials orthogonal with respect to a semi-classical generalised higher order Freud weight \[ω(x;t,λ)=|x|^{2λ+1}\exp\left(tx^2-x^{2m}\right),\qquad x\in\mathbb{R},\] with parameters $λ> -1$, $t\in\mathbb{R}$ and $m=2,3,\dots$\ . The sequence of generalised higher order Freud weights for $m=2,3,\dots$, forms a hierarchy of weights, with associated hierarchies for the first moment and the recurrence coefficient. We prove that the first moment can be written as a finite partition sum of generalised hypergeometric $_1F_m$ functions and show that the recurrence coefficients satisfy difference equations which are members of the first discrete Painlevé hierarchy. We analyse the asymptotic behaviour of the recurrence coefficients and the limiting distribution of the zeros as $n \to \infty$. We also investigate structure and other mixed recurrence relations satisfied by the polynomials and related properties.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
title: Oddballs in balls and when to kick them out – ultrasonography of rare scrotal tumors
Creators: name: Grzelja, Jurica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Retrospective
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: We aim to present the imaging features of rare scrotal intra- and extratesticular tumors on Color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) and implications these findings have on further patient management. Some unique cases from our institution’s practice will...
Who Cares Who Finished Second in New Hampshire?
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Despite efforts by candidates and the media to create a story that Mitt Romney -- despite having won Iowa and New Hampshire, and having more money, endorsements and organization than any other candidate in the race -- has still not wrapped up the nomination, Romney has, in fact, all but clinched the Republican nomination for president. Gingrich was vulnerable to attacks in Iowa because he did not have enough money to fight back. Similarly, Rick Santorum's strong second place showing in Iowa victory meant almost nothing because he did not have the resources to immediately build up his campaign activities in New Hampshire and South Carolina.
Formation of star clusters and enrichment by massive stars in simulations of low-metallicity galaxies with a fully sampled initial stellar mass function
Creators: name: Lahén, Natalia
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Szécsi, Dorottya
name: Hislop, Jessica May
name: Rantala, Antti
name: Kozyreva, Alexandra
name: Walch, Stefanie
name: Hu, Chia-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new GRIFFIN project hydrodynamical simulations that model the formation of galactic star cluster populations in low-metallicity ($Z=0.00021$) dwarf galaxies, including radiation, supernova and stellar wind feedback of individual massive stars. In the simulations, stars are sampled from the stellar initial mass function (IMF) down to the hydrogen burning limit of $0.08$ M$_\odot$. Mass conservation is enforced within a radius of $1$ pc for the formation of massive stars. We find that massive stars are preferentially found in star clusters and follow a correlation set at birth between the highest initial stellar mass and the star cluster mass that differs from pure stochastic IMF sampling. With a fully sampled IMF, star clusters lose mass in the galactic tidal field according to mass-loss rates observed in nearby galaxies. Of the released stellar feedback, $60\%$ of the supernova material and up to $35\%$ of the wind material reside either in the hot interstellar medium (ISM) or in gaseous, metal enriched outflows. While stellar winds (instantaneously) and supernovae (delayed) start enriching the ISM right after the first massive stars form, the formation of supernova-enriched stars and star clusters is significantly delayed (by $>50$ Myr) compared to the formation of stars and star clusters enriched by stellar winds. Overall, supernova ejecta dominate the enrichment by mass, while the number of enriched stars is determined by continuous stellar winds. These results present a concept for the formation of chemically distinct populations of stars in bound star clusters, reminiscent of multiple populations in globular clusters.
description: 26 pages, 23 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Vibration Assisted AFM-Probe Based Nano-Mechanical Machining of Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Park, Chaneel I.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nano-composites
subject: AFM-based machining
subject: Nano-manufacturing
subject: Vibration assisted machining
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: In this study, an AFM-probe based nano-mechanical machining technique is studied to fabricate nano-metric features in the accurate and efficient manner. It uses a retrofitted AFM system with a single crystal diamond probe, whereas external vibration is applied to improve the efficiency and quality of the resulting nano-metric features. The study includes various aspects of AFM-probe based nano-mechanical machining technique such as the vibration frequency, the type of vibration, amplitudes, feed rate and forces associated in the process. However, the nano-mechanical machining of polymeric nanocomposite materials has several challenges associated with the process, similar to the problems associated with the conventional machining of composite materials. The size of nano-filler materials are comparable to the tip radius of the AFM probe, thus the process of nano-mechanical machining is more complicated due to the inhomogeneous material properties. Such leads to the rapid tool wear, uncut fiber, fiber pull-out or delamination during the nano-mechanical machining process. Thus it is important to understand the mechanics of nano-mechanical machining process specific to nanocomposite materials by identifying its properties. The material properties of matrix and fillers are well known in their separate entities, but the composite materials often deviate from the ideal sum of the individual matrix and filler material properties due to the interactions between the matrix and filler materials. However, it is difficult to create a realistic analytical or computational model to incorporate all types of molecular interactions possible in nanocomposites. In this study, the AFM-probe based vibration assisted nano-mechanical machining (VANM) technique is developed, where the vertical and rotational vibrations improved nano-metric machining efficiency. The force model for VANM was also developed for the optimization of process parameters for the desired geometry. The experimental methods to identify interfacial characteristics between the fibers and matrices in polymeric nanocomposite materials were established as well. The experimental methods include the in-situ AFM scribing of nanocomposite materials as well as the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), where the relationship between the composites’ thermomechanical properties and the interfacial characteristics is identified.
title: Furthering perspectives: anthropological views of the world, vol. 8, 2018
title: Furthering perspectives
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Anthropology Graduate Student Society (Colorado State University), Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Fair trade, women’s empowerment, and international development / Shadi Azadegan -- Development within a developed country: how economic growth creates economic and social inequality / Kara Lentz -- Ethical consumption: moral sentiment and the capitalist market / Stefanie Berganini -- The decline of swidden in Southeast Asia under changing property regimes: assessing political-economic drivers of land-use/land-cover change and associated human-environment impacts / Kirk Saylor -- Climate change and food security: nutrition and health impacts on women and children in Sub-Saharan Africa / Shadi Azadegan -- “Indians don’t get transplants”: barriers in accessing kidney transplantation on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation / Julia Reedy -- Mismatch and the effects of hormonal contraceptives on breast cancer risk / Ashley Snyder -- Just scraping by: an analysis of unifacial tool reduction from Pack Rat Shelter (5LR170) / Nick Simpson -- Lasers through the leaves: an overview of LiDAR applications in archaeology for forested regions / Alex Friedl -- Identification Of Kaplan-Hoover projectile point assemblage: a geometric morphometric analysis / Edwin Harris.
Buffer Sharing in CSP-like Programs
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Nalini
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Most compilers focus on optimizing performance, often at the
expense of memory, but efficient memory use can be just as important
in constrained environments such as embedded systems.
In this paper, we present a memory reduction technique for the
deterministic concurrent programming language SHIM. We focus
on reducing memory consumption by sharing buffers among the
tasks, which use them to communicate using CSP-style rendezvous.
We determine pairs of buffers that can never be in use simultaneously
and use a shared region of memory for each pair.
Our technique produces a static abstraction of a SHIM program’s
dynamic behavior, which we then analyze to find buffers
that can share memory. Experimentally, we find our technique runs
quickly on modest-sized programs and often reduces memory requirements
by half.
An examination of challenges and issues facing sustainable forest management and forest certification in China
Creators: name: Chen, Juan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study investigated the challenges facing the adoption of sustainable forest management (SFM) and forest certification in China. To achieve this goal, the perceptions of four influential direct and indirect stakeholders were examined to reveal the awareness, understanding, interest, motivation, and barriers to adopting SFM and forest certification. The four stakeholders consisted of Chinese small-scale forest farmers who have received small forest land from the collectives through the new forest tenure reforms, Chinese market officials working for forestry property markets, Chinese wood products manufacturers, and Canadian wood products retailers. In addition, the new forest tenure reforms and their supporting mechanisms, including forestry property markets, were assessed in terms of their impacts on the promotion of SFM and certification in China. The study revealed general low levels of awareness and understanding about SFM and forest certification amongst various stakeholders in China, with forest farmers having particularly low awareness. Several challenges to the adoption of SFM and forest certification in the period before the new forest tenure reforms were identified by the small-scale forest farmers, including insecure and unclear forest tenure, inconsistent forest policies, inadequate finances, under-developed infrastructure and transport system, and lack of efficient knowledge and technical transfer. Market officials were found to have limited knowledge of SFM and forest certification but their role in educating forest farmers and promoting SFM and certification is particularly important, as government support is considered to be critical to the early and rapid uptake of SFM and certification in China. Chinese manufacturers expressed immense interest in forest certification despite the identified barriers. From their perspectives, the biggest barrier was the lack of market demand for certified wood products. Canadian retailers were chosen as a substitute of Chinese retailers to gain insights into how a more advanced market for certified wood products might evolve, and how the demand might evolve in China. The new forest tenure reforms and forestry property markets are likely to overcome many of the challenges and enable forest farmers to adopt SFM and certification. That said, the widespread adoption of SFM and certification amongst various stakeholders has a long way to go.
Bouncing Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld cosmologies: an alternative to Inflation ?
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Ferreira, R. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe in the context of the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld theory of gravity. We generalize earlier results, obtained in the context of a radiation dominated universe, to account for the evolution of a universe permeated by a perfect fluid with an arbitrary equation of state parameter $w$. We show that a bounce may occur for $κ>0$, if $w$ is time-dependent, and we demonstrate that it is free from tensor singularities. We argue that Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld cosmologies may be a viable alternative to the inflationary paradigm as a solution to fundamental problems of the standard cosmological model.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
title: Musculoskeletal changes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a pictorial review
Creators: name: Byrdy-Daca, Marta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Kidney
subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Transplantation
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal changes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To be able to distinguish key imaging features related to different metabolic abnormalities in...