cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wie gelingt eine ambitionierte Agrarklimaschutzpolitik? : eine vergleichende Analyse nationaler Ansätze zur Integration des Sektors Landwirtschaft in die Klimapolitik am Beispiel Uruguays und Deutschlands
Creators: name: Hönle, Susanna Esther
name: Hönle, Susanna Esther
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Nationale Klimapolitik
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Politik-Integration
subject: Vergleichende Analyse
subject: National climate policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Policy-integration
subject: Comparative analysis

description: This Thünen Report 103 contains the dissertation "How to successfully develop an ambitious agricultural climate mitigation policy?", written in the course of a PhD-position at the Coordination Unit Climate and Soil from 2016-2022. The thesis was submitted to the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster to the faculty of Political Science. The oral examination was held on November 21, 2022 by Prof. Doris Fuchs (first supervisor) as well as Prof. Folkhard Isermeyer (second supervisor). The dissertation deals with the development of climate policy goals and programs in the agricultural sector and addresses the question of how the claim of an ambitious national climate policy is implemented. The empirical work is based largely on the analysis of two contrasting cases, Uruguay and Germany. For this purpose, in-depth expert interviews were conducted in both countries in 2019, and the author spent two-months in Montevideo, Uruguay. This visit was funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and supported locally by the Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuario (INIA). For this reason, the paper contains a Spanish abstract in addition to the German and English versions.
description: DOI:10.3220/REP1677484642000
Sleep Deprivation Impacts Physiological Responses to Repeated Acute Stressors Differentially
Creators: name: Lundholm, Kirsie Rachelle
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Alpha-amylase (α-amylase)
Cortisol
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system
Stress reactivity
Sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) system
Total sleep deprivation

description: When exposed to an environmental stressor, the brain activates homeostatic physiological stress systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) axes. The reactivity of these axes can be assessed by peaks in salivary cortisol concentrations (SCC) and salivary α–amylase (sAA), respectively. When these stress responses are disrupted, the ensuing processes may not meet the environmental needs effectively. Total sleep deprivation (TSD) is among the factors shown to disrupt these systems. However, despite the prevalent occupational co-occurrence of sleep loss and stressor exposure, research has generally examined these factors separately. Furthermore, laboratory studies typically examine only one measure following exposure to a single acute stressor. Here, SCC and sAA reactivity to repeated acute stressors were investigated under well-rested and sleep-deprived conditions.N=20 healthy adults (ages 22–37; 12f) completed a 4-day/3-night laboratory-based study. Participants were randomized to a well-rested control (WRC) or TSD condition (n=10 in each). After a 10-hour baseline sleep opportunity, participants woke at 08:00. TSD participants were kept awake for 38 hours, while WRC participants received another 10-hour sleep opportunity. All participants ended the study after a 10-hour recovery sleep opportunity. On days 2 (baseline) and 3 (during WRC or TSD) participants completed two stressor sessions in a high-fidelity shooting simulator. Acting as police officers, civilian participants verbally interacted with emergency response scenarios and decided whether to use (simulated) deadly force. Seven saliva samples were collected each day: pre-stressor, and 0min, 15min, and 30min after each session. Samples were assayed in duplicate for SCC and sAA and normalized against the sample immediately before the first DFDM session (A).
description: There was no significant relationship between the magnitude of SCC and sAA stressor responses within participants in either condition. SCC peaked only in response to the first stressor session during both WRC and TSD; overall, the HPA axis response was blunted during TSD. In contrast, sAA peaked twice — once in response to each stressor session — during WRC; the SAM axis response to the second stressor session was blunted during TSD. These results suggest fundamentally distinct HPA and SAM axis responsivity to repeated acute stressors, with differential impacts of TSD.
Solution to the Cosmological Constant Problem in a Regge Quantum Gravity Model
Creators: name: Mikovic, Aleksandar
name: Vojinovic, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to solve the cosmological constant (CC) problem in a discrete quantum gravity theory based on Regge calculus by using the effective action approach and a special path-integral measure. The effective cosmological constant is given as a sum of 3 terms: the classical CC, the quantum gravity CC and the matter CC. Since the observations can only measure the sum of these 3 terms, we can choose the classical CC to be equal to the negative value of the matter CC. Hence the effective CC is given only by the quantum gravity CC, which is determined by the path-integral measure. Since the path-integral measure depends on a free parameter, this parameter can be chosen such that the effective CC gives the observed value.
description: v4: published version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.1124
Optical studies of a bright Type Iax supernova SN 2020rea
Creators: name: Singh, Mridweeka
name: Misra, Kuntal
name: Sahu, Devendra K.
name: Ailawadhi, Bhavya
name: Dutta, Anirban
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Bostroem, K. Azalee
name: Burke, Jamison
name: Dastidar, Raya
name: Gangopadhyay, Anjasha
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Im, Hyobin
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Pellegrino, Craig
name: Srivastav, Shubham
name: Teja, Rishabh Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical photometric and spectroscopic analysis of a Type Iax supernova (SN) 2020rea situated at the brighter luminosity end of Type Iax supernovae (SNe). The light curve decline rate of SN~2020rea is $Δ$m$_{15}$(g) = 1.31$\pm$0.08 mag which is similar to SNe 2012Z and 2005hk. Modelling the pseudo bolometric light curve with a radiation diffusion model yields a mass of $^{56}$Ni of 0.13$\pm$0.01 M$_{\odot}$ and an ejecta mass of 0.77$^{+0.11}_{-0.21}$ M$_{\odot}$. Spectral features of SN~2020rea during the photospheric phase show good resemblance with SN 2012Z. TARDIS modelling of the early spectra of SN~2020rea reveals a dominance of Iron Group Elements (IGEs). The photospheric velocity of the Si {\sc II} line around maximum for SN~2020rea is $\sim$ 6500 km s$^{-1}$ which is less than the measured velocity of the Fe {\sc II} line and indicates significant mixing. The observed physical properties of SN~2020rea match with the predictions of pure deflagration model of a Chandrasekhar mass C-O white dwarf. The metallicity of the host galaxy around the SN region is 12+log(O/H) = 8.56$\pm$0.18 dex which is similar to that of SN 2012Z.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Quantum Structure in Cognition, Origins, Developments, Successes and Expectations
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Sozzo, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an overview of the results we have attained in the last decade on the identification of quantum structures in cognition and, more specifically, in the formalization and representation of natural concepts. We firstly discuss the quantum foundational reasons that led us to investigate the mechanisms of formation and combination of concepts in human reasoning, starting from the empirically observed deviations from classical logical and probabilistic structures. We then develop our quantum-theoretic perspective in Fock space which allows successful modeling of various sets of cognitive experiments collected by different scientists, including ourselves. In addition, we formulate a unified explanatory hypothesis for the presence of quantum structures in cognitive processes, and discuss our recent discovery of further quantum aspects in concept combinations, namely, 'entanglement' and 'indistinguishability'. We finally illustrate perspectives for future research.
description: 25 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.8704
Solution to a problem on hamiltonicity of graphs under Ore- and Fan-type heavy subgraph conditions
Creators: name: Ning, Bo
name: Zhang, Shenggui
name: Li, Binlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C38, 05C45

description: A graph $G$ is called \emph{claw-o-heavy} if every induced claw ($K_{1,3}$) of $G$ has two end-vertices with degree sum at least $|V(G)|$ in $G$. For a given graph $R$, $G$ is called \emph{$R$-f-heavy} if for every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ isomorphic to $R$ and every pair of vertices $u,v\in V(H)$ with $d_H(u,v)=2$, there holds $\max\{d(u),d(v)\}\geq |V(G)|/2$. In this paper, we prove that every 2-connected claw-\emph{o}-heavy and $Z_3$-\emph{f}-heavy graph is hamiltonian (with two exceptional graphs), where $Z_3$ is the graph obtained from identifying one end-vertex of $P_4$ (a path with 4 vertices) with one vertex of a triangle. This result gives a positive answer to a problem proposed in [B. Ning, S. Zhang, Ore- and Fan-type heavy subgraphs for Hamiltonicity of 2-connected graphs, Discrete Math. 313 (2013) 1715--1725], and also implies two previous theorems of Faudree et al. and Chen et al., respectively.
description: 12 pages, Accepted version for publication in Graphs and Combinatorics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.02795
Analyzing Traffic Problem Model With Graph Theory Algorithms
Creators: name: Tan, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.8
subject: 90B20, 90C27, 90B50

description: This paper will contribute to a practical problem, Urban Traffic. We will investigate those features, try to simplify the complexity and formulize this dynamic system. These contents mainly contain how to analyze a decision problem with combinatorial method and graph theory algorithms; how to optimize our strategy to gain a feasible solution through employing other principles of Computer Science.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, Science and Information Conference (SAI), 2015
Production of hot Jupiter candidates from high-eccentricity mechanisms for different initial planetary mass configurations
Creators: name: Garzón, H.
name: Rodríguez, Adrián
name: de Elía, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot Jupiters (HJs) are giant planets with orbital periods of the order of a few days with semimajor axis within $\sim$0.1 au. Several theories have been invoked in order to explain the origin of this type of planets, one of them being the high-eccentricity migration. This migration can occur through different high-eccentricity mechanisms. Our investigation focused on six different kinds of high-eccentricity mechanisms, namely, direct dispersion, coplanar, Kozai-Lidov, secular chaos, E1 and E2 mechanisms. We investigated the efficiency of these mechanisms for the production of HJ candidates in multi-planet systems initially tightly-packed in the semimajor axis, considering a large set of numerical simulations of the exact equations of motion in the context of the N-body problem. In particular, we analyzed the sensitivity of our results to the initial number of planets, the initial semimajor axis of the innermost planetary orbit, the initial configuration of planetary masses, and to the inclusion of general relativity effects. We found that the E1 mechanism is the most efficient in producing HJ candidates both in simulations with and without the contribution of general relativity, followed by the Kozai-Lidov and E2 mechanisms. Our results also revealed that, except for the initial equal planetary mass configuration, the E1 mechanism was notably efficient in the other initial planetary mass configurations considered in this work. Finally, we investigated the production of HJ candidates with prograde, retrograde, and alternating orbits. According to our statistical analysis, the Kozai-Lidov mechanism has the highest probability of significantly exciting the orbital inclinations of the HJ candidates.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables
Mixed-Reality Robot Behavior Replay: A System Implementation
Creators: name: Han, Zhao
name: Williams, Tom
name: Yanco, Holly A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As robots become increasingly complex, they must explain their behaviors to gain trust and acceptance. However, it may be difficult through verbal explanation alone to fully convey information about past behavior, especially regarding objects no longer present due to robots' or humans' actions. Humans often try to physically mimic past movements to accompany verbal explanations. Inspired by this human-human interaction, we describe the technical implementation of a system for past behavior replay for robots in this tool paper. Specifically, we used Behavior Trees to encode and separate robot behaviors, and schemaless MongoDB to structurally store and query the underlying sensor data and joint control messages for future replay. Our approach generalizes to different types of replays, including both manipulation and navigation replay, and visual (i.e., augmented reality (AR)) and auditory replay. Additionally, we briefly summarize a user study to further provide empirical evidence of its effectiveness and efficiency. Sample code and instructions are available on GitHub at https://github.com/umhan35/robot-behavior-replay.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, the AI-HRI Symposium at AAAI Fall Symposium Series (FSS) 2022
Primordial quantum nonequilibrium and large-scale cosmic anomalies
Creators: name: Colin, Samuel
name: Valentini, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study incomplete relaxation to quantum equilibrium at long wavelengths, during a pre-inflationary phase, as a possible explanation for the reported large-scale anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Our scenario makes use of the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, in which the Born probability rule has a dynamical origin. The large-scale power deficit could arise from incomplete relaxation for the amplitudes of the primordial perturbations. We show, by numerical simulations for a spectator scalar field, that if the pre-inflationary era is radiation dominated then the deficit in the emerging power spectrum will have a characteristic shape (an inverse-tangent dependence on wavenumber k, with oscillations). It is found that our scenario is able to produce a power deficit in the observed region and of the observed (approximate) magnitude for an appropriate choice of cosmological parameters. We also discuss the large-scale anisotropy, which might arise from incomplete relaxation for the phases of the primordial perturbations. We present numerical simulations for phase relaxation, and we show how to define characteristic scales for amplitude and phase nonequilibrium. The extent to which the data might support our scenario is left as a question for future work. Our results suggest that we have a potentially viable model that might explain two apparently independent cosmic anomalies by means of a single mechanism.
description: 40 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables. Minor improvements in v2
The Effect of Fava Bean (Vicia faba L.) Protein Ingestion on Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis at Rest and after Resistance Exercise in Healthy, Young Men and Women: A Randomised Control Trial
Creators: name: Davies, Robert
name: Kozior, Marta
name: Lynch, Arthur
name: Bass, Joseph J
name: Atherton, Philip J
name: Smith, Ken
name: JAKEMAN, PHILIP
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding fava bean (Vicia faba L.) protein (FBP) on resting and post-exercise myofibrillar fractional synthetic rate (myoFSR). In a parallel, double-blind, randomised control trial, sixteen young, healthy recreationally active adults (age = 25 (5) years, body mass = 70 (15) kg, stature = 1.72 (0.11) m, mean (SD)) ingested 0.33 g·kg−1 FBP (n = 8) or a negative control (CON, i.e., EAA-free mixture) (n = 8), immediately after a bout of unilateral knee-extensor resistance exercise. Plasma, saliva, and m. vastus lateralis muscle samples were obtained pre-ingestion and 3 h post-ingestion. MyoFSR was calculated via deuterium labelling of myofibrillar-bound alanine, measured by gas chromatography–pyrolysis–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-Pyr-IRMS). Resistance exercise increased myoFSR (p = 0.012). However, ingestion of FBP did not evoke an increase in resting (FBP 29 [−5, 63] vs. CON 12 [−25, 49]%, p = 0.409, mean % change [95% CI]) or post-exercise (FBP 78 [33, 123]% vs. CON 58 [9, 107]%, p = 0.732) myoFSR. Ingestion of 0.33 g·kg−1 of FBP does not appear to enhance resting or post-exercise myoFSR in young, healthy, recreationally active adults.
Relativity Theory Refounded
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward a new view of relativity theory that makes the existence of a flow of time compatible with the four-dimensional block universe. To this end, we apply the creation-discovery view elaborated for quantum mechanics to relativity theory and in such a way that time and space become creations instead of discoveries and an underlying non-temporal and non-spatial reality comes into existence. We study the nature of this underlying non-temporal and non-spatial reality and reinterpret many aspects of the theory within this new view. We show that data of relativistic measurements are sufficient to derive the three-dimensionality of physical space. The nature of light and massive entities is reconsidered, and an analogy with human cognition is worked out.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
SHAPING THE FINAL FRONTIER: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF CISLUNAR SPACE DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Debenham, Christopher James
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401006
subject: Systems engineering
classificationCode: 400199
subject: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified

description: An investigation of the dynamics governing the growth and development of the space industry with forecasts of the expected state and trajectory of the space industry under various policy tests and scenarios.
Neutron star mass formula with nuclear saturation parameters for asymmetric nuclear matter
Creators: name: Sotani, Hajime
name: Ota, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass neutron stars are directly associated with the nuclear saturation parameters because their central density is definitely low. We have already found a suitable combination of nuclear saturation parameters for expressing the neutron star mass and gravitational redshift, i.e., $η\equiv (K_0L^2)^{1/3}$ with the incompressibility for symmetric nuclear matter, $K_0$, and the density-dependent nuclear symmetry energy, $L$. In this study, we newly find another suitable combination given by $η_τ\equiv (-K_τL^5)^{1/6}$ with the isospin dependence of incompressibility for asymmetric nuclear matter, $K_τ$, and derive the empirical relations for the neutron star mass and gravitational redshift as a function of $η_τ$ and the normalized central number density. With these empirical relations, one can evaluate the mass and gravitational redshift of the neutron star, whose central number density is less than threefold the saturation density, within $\sim 10\%$ accuracy, and the radius within a few \% accuracies. In addition, we discuss the neutron star mass and radius constraints from the terrestrial experiments, using the empirical relations, together with those from the astronomical observations. Furthermore, we find a tight correlation between $η_τ$ and $η$. With this correlation, we derive the constraint on $K_τ$ as $-348\le K_τ\le -237$ MeV, assuming that $L=60\pm 20$ and $K_0=240\pm 20$ MeV.
description: Accepted for publication in RPD. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.09004
Robust Controllers for Regular Linear Systems with Infinite-Dimensional Exosystems
Creators: name: Paunonen, Lassi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C05, 93B52 (47D06)

description: We construct two error feedback controllers for robust output tracking and disturbance rejection of a regular linear system with nonsmooth reference and disturbance signals. We show that for sufficiently smooth signals the output converges to the reference at a rate that depends on the behaviour of the transfer function of the plant on the imaginary axis. In addition, we construct a controller that can be designed to achieve robustness with respect to a given class of uncertainties in the system, and present a novel controller structure for output tracking and disturbance rejection without the robustness requirement. We also generalize the internal model principle for regular linear systems with boundary disturbance and for controllers with unbounded input and output operators. The construction of controllers is illustrated with an example where we consider output tracking of a nonsmooth periodic reference signal for a two-dimensional heat equation with boundary control and observation, and with periodic disturbances on the boundary.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures, to appear in SIAM Journal on Control & Optimization
title: Development of a kinetically controlled plasma induced chemical ionisation source
Creators: name: Müller, David Benjamin
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2020

description: Chemical ionisation (CI) is a widely used ionisation technique for mass spectrometer (MS), forming predominantly molecular ions and/or protonated ions. With these ionic species, the analyte identification by molecular weight is possible even in complex mixtures. Thus, chemical ionisation is ideal for ambient sampling applications. However, most common ion sources show long residence times of the analyte in the ion source leading to post-ionisation transformations. In this work, the parameters influencing the kinetic control of ionisation were investigated, allowing the mass spectrum to mirror the neutral ensemble. Three ion sources were constructed to investigate proton transfer reaction at low-pressure conditions utilising H3+ as reagent ions. A helium plasma expanding into a hydrogen atmosphere is the basis for the initial two ion sources. The third utilises hydrogen as reagent gas to form protonated analyte ions within a nitrogen atmosphere. Based on these results, three additional ion sources were developed to investigate the kinetically controlled proton transfer for ambient sampling. This enables the mass spectrum to mirror the distribution of the neutral ensemble. These ion sources utilise a stacked chamber system with hydrogen as reagent gas facilitating optimisation of each reaction step separately. Concomitantly, modifying existing AP-MS instruments to low-pressure sampling was investigated by coupling this ion source series to a modified AP-sampling mass spectrometer. The last ion source design permits the addition of a secondary reagent gas lowering fragmentation by reducing possible excess proton transfer energies. Here, besides methane and i butane, perfluoro compounds were tested as possible broadband reagents.
A Multi-label Time Series Classification Approach for Non-intrusive Water End-Use Monitoring
Creators: name: Papatheodoulou, Dimitris
name: Pavlou, Pavlos
name: Vrachimis, Stelios G.
name: Malialis, Kleanthis
name: Eliades, Demetrios G.
name: Theocharides, Theocharis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerous real-world problems from a diverse set of application areas exist that exhibit temporal dependencies. We focus on a specific type of time series classification which we refer to as aggregated time series classification. We consider an aggregated sequence of a multi-variate time series, and propose a methodology to make predictions based solely on the aggregated information. As a case study, we apply our methodology to the challenging problem of household water end-use dissagregation when using non-intrusive water monitoring. Our methodology does not require a-priori identification of events, and to our knowledge, it is considered for the first time. We conduct an extensive experimental study using a residential water-use simulator, involving different machine learning classifiers, multi-label classification methods, and successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology.
description: 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations (AIAI), 2022
Is jet re-orientation the elusive trigger for star formation suppression in radio galaxies?
Creators: name: Garofalo, David
name: Moravec, Emily
name: Macconi, Duccio
name: Singh, Chandra B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet re-orientation associated with the time evolution of radio quasars explains the formation of X-shaped radio galaxies and their preference for isolated environments. But since X-shaped radio galaxies are generally not found in dense environments (e.g. groups/clusters), the jet re-orientation phenomenon for radio galaxies in groups and clusters has been ignored. We take a closer look at the re-orientation of FRI jets with respect to FRII jets, and find that it may constitute the as-yet unidentified trigger for star formation suppression in radio galaxies. We show how the recently explored radio "red geyser" galaxies can be interpreted in this context and ultimately reveal a deeper understanding of why FRII radio galaxies are on one side of the star formation enhancement/suppression divide compared to FRI radio galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (PASP) journal
On the Optimality of Averaging in Distributed Statistical Learning
Creators: name: Rosenblatt, Jonathan
name: Nadler, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A common approach to statistical learning with big-data is to randomly split it among $m$ machines and learn the parameter of interest by averaging the $m$ individual estimates. In this paper, focusing on empirical risk minimization, or equivalently M-estimation, we study the statistical error incurred by this strategy. We consider two large-sample settings: First, a classical setting where the number of parameters $p$ is fixed, and the number of samples per machine $n\to\infty$. Second, a high-dimensional regime where both $p,n\to\infty$ with $p/n \to κ\in (0,1)$. For both regimes and under suitable assumptions, we present asymptotically exact expressions for this estimation error. In the fixed-$p$ setting, under suitable assumptions, we prove that to leading order averaging is as accurate as the centralized solution. We also derive the second order error terms, and show that these can be non-negligible, notably for non-linear models. The high-dimensional setting, in contrast, exhibits a qualitatively different behavior: data splitting incurs a first-order accuracy loss, which to leading order increases linearly with the number of machines. The dependence of our error approximations on the number of machines traces an interesting accuracy-complexity tradeoff, allowing the practitioner an informed choice on the number of machines to deploy. Finally, we confirm our theoretical analysis with several simulations.
description: Major changes from previous version. Particularly on the second order error approximation and implications
title: Effects of Equal Volume Heavy-Resistance Strength Training Versus Strength Endurance Training on Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance in Young Elite Female Rowers
Creators: name: Thiele, Dirk
name: Prieske, Olaf
name: Lesinski, Melanie
name: Granacher, Urs
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Strength training is an important means for performance development in young rowers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 9-week equal volume heavy-resistance strength training (HRST) versus strength endurance training (SET) in addition to regular rowing training on primary (e.g., maximal strength/power) and secondary outcomes (e.g., balance) in young rowers. Twenty-six female elite adolescent rowers were assigned to an HRST (n = 12; age: 13.2 ± 0.5 yrs; maturity-offset: +2.0 ± 0.5 yrs) or a SET group (n = 14; age: 13.1 ± 0.5 yrs; maturity-offset: +2.1 ± 0.5 yrs). HRST and SET comprised lower- (i.e., leg press/knee flexion/extension), upper-limbs (i.e., bench press/pull; lat-pull down), and complex exercises (i.e., rowing ergometer). HRST performed four sets with 12 repetitions per set at an intensity of 75–95% of the one-repetition maximum (1-RM). SET conducted four sets with 30 repetitions per set at 50–60% of the 1-RM. Training volume was matched for overall repetitions × intensity × training per week. Pre-post training, tests were performed for the assessment of primary [i.e., maximal strength (e.g., bench pull/knee flexion/extension 1-RM/isometric handgrip test), muscle power (e.g., medicine-ball push test, triple hop, drop jump, and countermovement jump), anaerobic endurance (400-m run), sport-specific performance (700-m rowing ergometer trial)] and secondary outcomes [dynamic balance (Y-balance test), change-of-direction (CoD) speed (multistage shuttle-run test)]. Adherence rate was >87% and one athlete of each group dropped out. Overall, 24 athletes completed the study and no test or training-related injuries occurred. Significant group × time interactions were observed for maximal strength, muscle power, anaerobic endurance, CoD speed, and sport-specific performance (p ≤ 0.05; 0.45 ≤ d ≤ 1.11). Post hoc analyses indicated larger gains in maximal strength and muscle power following HRST (p ≤ 0.05; 1.81 ≤ d ≤ 3.58) compared with SET (p ≤ 0.05; 1.04 ≤ d ≤ 2.30). Furthermore, SET (p ≤ 0.01; d = 2.08) resulted in larger gains in sport-specific performance compared with HRST (p < 0.05; d = 1.3). Only HRST produced significant pre-post improvements for anaerobic endurance and CoD speed (p ≤ 0.05; 1.84 ≤ d ≤ 4.76). In conclusion, HRST in addition to regular rowing training was more effective than SET to improve selected measures of physical fitness (i.e., maximal strength, muscle power, anaerobic endurance, and CoD speed) and SET was more effective than HRST to enhance sport-specific performance gains in female elite young rowers.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe, 664
Reduced Order Internal Models in the Frequency Domain
Creators: name: Laakkonen, Petteri
name: Paunonen, Lassi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C05, 93B51, 93B52

description: The internal model principle states that all robustly regulating controllers must contain a suitably reduplicated internal model of the signal to be regulated. Using frequency domain methods, we show that the number of the copies may be reduced if the class of perturbations in the problem is restricted. We present a two stage design procedure for a simple controller containing a reduced order internal model achieving robust regulation. The results are illustrated with an example of a five tank laboratory process where a restricted class of perturbations arises naturally.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Adsorption behaviors and emission properties of p-sulfonatocalixarene/ammonium-based surfactant systems: A comparison between the effects of gemini surfactant and its corresponding monomeric surfactant
Creators: name: Liu, Chunyang
name: Zhu, Jiaxin
name: Lei, Meiling
name: Guo, Xia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: So far, the research on calixarene/surfactant systems has been mainly focused on their aggregation characteristics due to their potential applications as stimuli-responsive systems, while the reports about their absorption behavior and spectroscopic properties have been limited. Understanding basic properties of supra-amphiphilic molecules is of great significance to improve their application performance and expand their application potential. In the present study, the interactions of p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (SC[n], n = 4, 6 and 8) with the cationic surfactants (including dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), pentamethylene-1,5-bis (dimethyldodecyl ammonium bromide) (12-5-12), and octamethylene-1,8-bis(dimethyldodecyl ammonium bromide (12-8-12)) were studied by measuring surface tension, fluorescence spectra and 1H NMR spectra. It was found that SC[n] changed the absorption behaviors of 12-s-12 (s = 5 and 8) and DTAB at air/water surface in different ways. In the presence of SC[n], the value of γ for 12-s-12 remains almost constant until 12-s-12 content reaches C1, then decreases sharply until C2, followed by a slow decrease up to the CMC. The surface tension of DTAB/SC[n] solution begins to decrease at a very low concentration of DTAB until Ca, followed by a short plateau until Cb, and then, the surface tension increases sharply until Cc, after which, the surface tension curve gradually overlaps with that of single DTAB solution. Meanwhile, the binding of SC[n] with these surfactants makes SC[n] emit fluorescence, and the quantum yields for SC[n]/12-s-12 systems are higher than those for SC[n]/DTAB systems. Supra-amphiphiles have been expected as smart materials. This study may provide meaningful information for application of calixarene-based supra-amphiphiles.
Robust Output Regulation for Continuous-Time Periodic Systems
Creators: name: Paunonen, Lassi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C05, 93B52, 93B28

description: We consider controller design for robust output tracking and disturbance rejection for continuous-time periodic linear systems with periodic reference and disturbance signals. As our main results we present four different controllers: A feedforward control law and a discrete-time dynamic error feedback controller for output tracking and disturbance rejection, a robust discrete-time feedback controller, and finally a discrete-time feedback controller that achieves approximate robust output tracking and disturbance rejection. The presented constructions are also new for time-invariant finite and infinite-dimensional systems. The results are illustrated with two examples: A periodically time-dependent system of harmonic oscillators and a nonautonomous two-dimensional heat equation with boundary disturbance.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
The effect of different clay types on the barrier properties of PLA/PBAT/clay bio-nanocomposite packaging films
Creators: name: Güler, Ceren Alpaslan
name: Deniz, Sennur
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The aim of this study was to develop alternative bio-nanocomposite film to Polyethylene (PE) film from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends and different clay types for flexible packaging industry. Poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) bio-blend films were prepared by using a chain extender. Bio-nanocomposite films were processed on a twin-screw extrusion and blown film extruder by wt.%3 loading the different montmorillonite (MMT), Sepiolite, and Bentonite types in presence of a polymeric epoxy-based chain extender plasticizer (CE; Joncryl® ADR 4468). All films were characterized in terms of thermal, chemically, physically, optical, mechanical, sealing and barrier properties. In conclusion, all analyzing results showed good agreement with PLA/PBAT in the presence of a polymeric epoxy-based chain extender. The main outcome of adding clay types to PLA/PBAT bio-blends is to obtain eco-friendly, improved barrier properties compared to PE film structure, which has inherently poor oxygen permeability. As a result of all studies, the closest alternative bio-blend recipes to PE film structure with improved barrier properties were obtained with composite of wt.% PLA + u PBAT in the presence of wt.%1 plasticizer and %3 High Purity Sepiolite clay (HPS).
Quantum Discord and Logarithmic Negativity in the Generalized n-qubit Werner State
Creators: name: Ramkarthik, M. S.
name: Tiwari, Devvrat
name: Barkataki, Pranay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Discord (QD) is a measure of the total quantum non-local correlations of a quantum system. The formalism of quantum discord has been applied to various two-qubit mixed states and it has been reported that there is a non-zero quantum discord even when the states are unentangled. To this end, we have calculated the Quantum Discord for higher than two qubit mixed state, that is, the generalized n-qubit Werner state with a bipartite split. We found that the QD saturates to a straight line with unit slope in the thermodynamic limit. Qualitative studies of entanglement between the two subsystems using logarithmic negativity revealed that the entanglement content between them increases non-uniformly with the number of qubits leading to its saturation. We have proved the above claims both analytically and numerically.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Characterization of soluble and insoluble fractions obtained from a commercial pea protein isolate
Creators: name: Moll, Pascal
name: Salminen, Hanna
name: Seitz, Oskar
name: Schmitt, Christophe
name: Weiss, Jochen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, the characteristics of pea protein isolates after aqueous fractionization into water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions by centrifugation, decantation, and lyophilization were studied. Chemical composition and physicochemical properties upon pH changes were determined. The overall protein compositions of both soluble and insoluble pea protein fractions were similar containing albumins, globulins, and lipoxygenases, but amino acid compositions slightly varied. Distinct differences were observed in their charge properties, particle sizes, and voluminosities. The soluble pea protein fraction was free of measurable particles at pH 7, whereas the insoluble proteins contained particles with sizes of > 80 µm. Close to their respective isoelectric points, the soluble (pI = 3.9) and insoluble pea proteins (pI = 4.9) had very similar sizes of 40–50 µm. At pH 3, the particle sizes of soluble proteins did not change, however, the insoluble pea proteins had again sizes of > 80 µm. Voluminosity of the insoluble fraction was pH-dependent and had its highest voluminosity at pH 3 and 7, indicating changes in water binding as a function of pH. In contrast, the voluminosity of the soluble pea protein fraction did not change with pH. Taken together, this study showed that water-soluble and insoluble pea protein fractions of a commercial isolate may differ substantially with respect to their physicochemical properties. Observed inconsistencies in technofunctionality of various commercial preparations could thus be promoted by varying ratios between the two fractions.
An Order Statistics Post-Mortem on LIGO-Virgo GWTC-2 Events Analysed with Nested Sampling
Creators: name: Klinger, Talya
name: Agathos, Michalis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data analysis carried out by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration on gravitational-wave events utilizes nested sampling to compute Bayesian evidences and posterior distributions for inferring the source properties of compact binaries. With poor sampling from the constrained prior, nested sampling algorithms may misbehave and fail to sample the posterior distribution faithfully. Fowlie et al. (2020) outlines a method of validating the performance of nested sampling, or identifying pathologies such as plateaus in the parameter space, using likelihood insertion order statistics. Here, this method is applied to nested sampling analyses of all events in the first and second gravitational wave transient catalogs (GWTC-1 and GWTC-2) of the LIGO-Virgo collaboration. The insertion order statistics are tested for uniformity across 45 events in the catalog and it is found that, with a few exceptions that have negligible effect on the final posteriors, the data from the analysis of events in the catalog is consistent with unbiased prior sampling. There is, however, weak evidence against uniformity at the catalog-level meta-test, yielding a Kolmogorov-Smirnov meta-p-value of 1.44 * 10-3.
description: 8 pages
title: Combined Methylome, Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses Document Rapid Acclimatization of a Bacterium to Environmental Changes
Creators: name: Srivastava, Abhishek
name: Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan
name: Garcia, Juan A. L.
name: De Corte, Daniele
name: Hoetzinger, Matthias
name: Eravci, Murat
name: Weise, Christoph
name: Kumar, Yadhu
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Hahn, Martin W.
name: Grossart, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Polynucleobacter asymbioticus strain QLW-P1DMWA-1T represents a group of highly successful heterotrophic ultramicrobacteria that is frequently very abundant (up to 70% of total bacterioplankton) in freshwater habitats across all seven continents. This strain was originally isolated from a shallow Alpine pond characterized by rapid changes in water temperature and elevated UV radiation due to its location at an altitude of 1300 m. To elucidate the strain’s adjustment to fluctuating environmental conditions, we recorded changes occurring in its transcriptomic and proteomic profiles under contrasting experimental conditions by simulating thermal conditions in winter and summer as well as high UV irradiation. To analyze the potential connection between gene expression and regulation via methyl group modification of the genome, we also analyzed its methylome. The methylation pattern differed between the three treatments, pointing to its potential role in differential gene expression. An adaptive process due to evolutionary pressure in the genus was deduced by calculating the ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates for 20 Polynucleobacter spp. genomes obtained from geographically diverse isolates. The results indicate purifying selection.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 1011
Globalization, Gender and the Family
Creators: name: Utar, Hale
name: Keller, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: National Bureau of Economic Research
Year: 2018
Subjects: Globalization
Gender Gap
Labor Market Outcomes
Trade Adjustment Costs
Fertility
Marriage
Biological Clock

description: This paper shows that globalization has far-reaching implications for the economy’s fertility rate and family structure because it influences work-life balance. Employing population register data on new births, marriages, and divorces together with employer-employee linked data for Denmark, we show that lower labor market opportunities due to Chinese import competition lead to a shift towards family, with more parental leave taking and higher fertility as well as more marriages and fewer divorces. This pro-family, pro-child shift is driven largely by women, not men. Correspondingly, the negative earnings implications of the rising import competition are concentrated on women, with gender earnings inequality increasing. The market versus family choice turns out to be a major determinant of worker adjustment costs to labor market shocks. While older workers respond to the shock rather similarly whether female or male, for young workers the fertility response takes away the adjustment advantage they typically have–if the worker is a woman. We find that the female biological clock–women having difficulties to conceive beyond their early forties–is of central importance, rather than the composition of jobs and workplaces, as well as other potential causes.