cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Can cheap talk scripts in combination with opt-out reminders nail down fat yes-tails in choice experiments?
Creators: name: Meyerhoff, Jürgen
name: Bertram, Christine
name: Glenk, Klaus
name: Rehdanz, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics

description: The problem of fat yes-tail responses is well known from contingent valuation but has not been investigated thoroughly in the context of choice experiments. In this study, we use eight independent split-samples with nearly 3600 respondents and systematically combine four different bid vectors with a joint cheap talk (CT) and opt-out reminder (OOR) device. Bid vectors differ with the respect to the four highest bid values increasing to usually not used values in choice experiments. Results clearly show that without a CT&OOR device a strong fat-tail effect is present, and WTP estimates are seriously inflated. In contrast, when the same bid vectors are used in combination with the CT&OOR device, the fat tail problem is strongly mitigated and WTP estimates are close to each other. However, results also indicate that the CT&OOR device does not nail down fat tails completely. As we have only applied CT and OOR jointly, more research into the effect of these devices and their strength is thus needed. Another striking result is that the impact of the CT&OOR device varies across attributes. We speculate that this is an effect of respondents’ distance to the Baltic Sea and the varying non-use components of the attributes.
Investigation of the Temperature Dependence of the Optical Properties of Silicon Nitride Anti-Reflection Coating on Silicon Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Zhang, M.F.
name: Bhoopathy, R.
name: Gentle, A.
name: Hameiri, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 392-395
description: This study investigates the possible existence of a temperature dependence of the optical properties of silicon nitride anti-reflection coatings commonly used in photovoltaic modules. Despite the crucial importance of silicon nitride optical properties to the module’s performance, they have so far not been studied under typical module operating temperatures, which are considerably higher than room temperature. Using a state-of-the-art temperature-dependent ellipsometry technique, we characterise a range of silicon nitride antireflection coatings under both room temperature and approximately 90°C, a temperature in the range of the upper limit of a module’s operating temperature found in practice. For the first time, we demonstrate that, within the spectral range of 300 nm to 2500 nm, anti-reflection coating silicon nitride is optically stable in the investigated temperature range.
Meyerhoff et al_Nail down fat tails_WCERE2018.pdf
Creators: name: Meyerhoff, Jürgen
name: Bertram, Christine
name: Glenk, Klaus
name: Rehdanz, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics

description: The problem of fat yes-tail responses is well known from contingent valuation but has not been investigated thoroughly in the context of choice experiments. In this study, we use eight independent split-samples with nearly 3600 respondents and systematically combine four different bid vectors with a joint cheap talk (CT) and opt-out reminder (OOR) device. Bid vectors differ with the respect to the four highest bid values increasing to usually not used values in choice experiments. Results clearly show that without a CT&OOR device a strong fat-tail effect is present, and WTP estimates are seriously inflated. In contrast, when the same bid vectors are used in combination with the CT&OOR device, the fat tail problem is strongly mitigated and WTP estimates are close to each other. However, results also indicate that the CT&OOR device does not nail down fat tails completely. As we have only applied CT and OOR jointly, more research into the effect of these devices and their strength is thus needed. Another striking result is that the impact of the CT&OOR device varies across attributes. We speculate that this is an effect of respondents’ distance to the Baltic Sea and the varying non-use components of the attributes.
Effect of Curing Temperature on Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Used for Crystalline Silicon Solar Module Encapsulation
Creators: name: Adothu, B.
name: Singh, A.K.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Zele, S.
name: Mallick, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1200-1203
description: This paper investigates how lamination temperature effects the various properties of most commonly used ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), which are important for photovoltaic module performance and reliability. EVA sheets with 28% vinyl acetate (VA) and 33% VA are cured at different temperatures between 130 °C and 160 °C for 8 minutes. Here we have investigated the effect of curing temperature on gel content, transmittance, resistivity, adhesion strength, and thermal decomposition of EVA. Maintaining these properties in the acceptable range is important for long term durability of the modules. This comprehensive analysis helps in finding the best temperature window for a given lamination time setting.
Four-dimensional wall-crossing via three-dimensional field theory
Creators: name: Gaiotto, Davide
name: Moore, Gregory W.
name: Neitzke, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a physical explanation of the Kontsevich-Soibelman wall-crossing formula for the BPS spectrum in Seiberg-Witten theories. In the process we give an exact description of the BPS instanton corrections to the hyperkahler metric of the moduli space of the theory on R^3 x S^1. The wall-crossing formula reduces to the statement that this metric is continuous. Our construction of the metric uses a four-dimensional analogue of the two-dimensional tt* equations.
description: 62 pages; v2: typos fixed, references added, minor improvements to exposition and notation; v3: typos fixed and small additions, including remark on TBA
DarkELF: A python package for dark matter scattering in dielectric targets
Creators: name: Knapen, Simon
name: Kozaczuk, Jonathan
name: Lin, Tongyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a python package to calculate interaction rates of light dark matter in dielectric materials, including screening effects. The full response of the material is parametrized in the terms of the energy loss function (ELF) of material, which darkELF converts into differential scattering rates for both direct dark matter electron scattering and through the Migdal effect. In addition, darkELF can calculate the rate to produce phonons from sub-MeV dark matter scattering via the dark photon mediator, as well as the absorption rate for dark matter comprised of dark photons. The package includes precomputed ELFs for Al, $\mathrm{Al}_2\mathrm{O}_3$, GaAs, GaN, Ge, Si, $\mathrm{SiO}_2$, and ZnS, and allows the user to easily add their own ELF extractions for arbitrary materials.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, code available at https://github.com/tongylin/DarkELF
Schrödinger-Wheeler-DeWitt equation in chaplygin gas FRW cosmological model
Creators: name: Pedram, P.
name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Gousheh, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a chaplygin gas Friedmann-Robertson-Walker quantum cosmological model. In this work the Schutz's variational formalism is applied with positive, negative, and zero constant spatial curvature. In this approach the notion of time can be recovered. These give rise to Schrödinger-Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the scale factor. We use the eigenfunctions in order to construct wave packets for each case. We study the time dependent behavior of the expectation value of the scale factor, using the many-worlds interpretations of quantum mechanics.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, to appear in IJTP
A case study of the use of hypnosis for school refusal
Creators: name: Solberg, Carole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The intent of this research is to demonstrate the effectiveness of hypnosis as a treatment for school refusal. The research design is a single-case study employing an A-B Follow-up format. The 10 year old male subject completed measures of personality (The Children's Personality Questionnaire), self-concept (The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale), identified stressors, and anxiety. The baseline period was two weeks and therapy lasted four weeks. Follow-up data was collected on the same measures ten months later. All post-therapy results indicate change in a more adaptive direction. The subject showed increased self-concept, lessened anxiety, greater ability to cope and he returned to school with little or no of the previous psychosomatic complaints evident. The follow-up results show that the subject has maintained his gains. Hypnosis is seen as an effective, fast method of treatment for school refusal, a syndrome which needs to be dealt with quickly since consequences can be severe for the child.
Influence of Temperature on Evolution of Properties of Ammonia-Free Chemical Bath Deposited CdS Thin Films
Creators: name: Gupta, I.
name: Mohanty, B.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 704-707
description: CdS thin films of varying thicknesses were grown by an ammonia-free chemical bath deposition technique onto well-cleaned glass substrates at various temperatures ranging from 40 to 80 °C. The bath temperature dependence of phase development, evolution of surface microstructure and roughness, and optical properties of the films were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-visible transmittance. The precursor solution contained an appropriate molar mixture of separately prepared solutions of anhydrous cadmium chloride, thiourea, sodium tri-citrate and potassium hydroxide. After deposition for specified duration, the samples were removed from the bath solution and were rinsed well in deionised water followed by drying in air. The analysis of the XRD patterns of the films indicated the growth of single phase CdS suggesting that a post-deposition annealing, which has been routinely reported, was not necessary. For a given deposition time, the change in bath temperature yielded films of better crystallinity characterized by sharper XRD peaks. The changes in the morphology and optical properties of the films were correspondingly observed. The transmittance data analysis showed that the transmittance and the optical band gap are affected by both bath temperature and deposition time. A direct band gap ranging from about 2.0 to 2.5 eV was deduced. The changes in the film properties are discussed in terms of the temperature driven growth mechanisms of the films on the substrates inside the solution.
Strong Magnon-Magnon Coupling in Synthetic Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Dai, Changting
name: Ma, Fusheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synthetic antiferromagnet, comprised of two ferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer, possesses two uniform precession resonance modes: in-phase acoustic mode and out-of-phase optic mode. In this work, we theoretically and numerically demonstrated the strong coupling between acoustic and optic magnon modes. The strong coupling is attributed to the symmetry breaking of the system, which can be realized by tilting the bias field or constructing an asymmetrical synthetic antiferromagnet. It is found that the coupling strength can be highly adjusted by tuning the tilting angle of bias field, the magnitude of antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling, and the thicknesses of ferromagnetic layers. Furthermore, the coupling between acoustic and optic magnon modes can even reach the ultrastrong coupling regime. Our findings show high promise for investigating quantum phenomenon with a magnonic platform.
description: 4 Figures, Accepted by APL
PV Module Index: How to Identify the Most Reliable, Highest Performing, Quality Product
Creators: name: Kedir, C.
name: Beitel, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1204-1208
description: What are the best PV modules and who are the most trusted manufacturing partners? This question is as relevant as ever, as the Solar PV industry continues to pursue advances in technology, and as many different manufacturers offer competing products, while customers and financial services companies work to discern which products are the most reliable, highest performing and best quality. Renewable Energy Test Center (RETC) has spent nearly a decade providing third-party testing of thousands of different solar modules for certification, accelerated reliability characterization and detailed performance analysis. Now, RETC is releasing its first annual “PV Module Index,” a report that uses the company’s database of results from PV module testing to identify the highest-ranking PV modules and their manufacturers, from among 17 of the highest-achieving manufacturers and their modules that RETC tests. The report is the PV industry’s first annual ranking that evaluates module Reliability and Performance, and Quality practices of the manufacturers. This paper summarizes the PV Module Index, which shows the results of module tests including: Reliability indicators, Performance indicators, Quality indicators.
Nonlinear evolution equations for degenerate transverse waves in anisotropic elastic solids
Creators: name: Domanski, Wlodzimierz
name: Norris, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse elastic waves behave differently in nonlinear isotropic and anisotropic media. Quadratically nonlinear coupling in the evolution equations for wave amplitudes is not possible in isotropic solids, but such a coupling may occur for certain directions in anisotropic materials. We identify the expression responsible for the coupling and we derive coupled canonical evolution equations for transverse wave amplitudes in the case of two-fold and three-fold symmetry acoustic axes. We illustrate our considerations by examples for a cubic crystal.
description: 4 pages
The lopsided distribution of satellites of isolated central galaxies
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
name: Libeskind, Noam I.
name: Pawlowski, Marcel S.
name: Kang, Xi
name: Wang, Wei
name: Guo, Quan
name: Tempel, Elmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Satellites are not randomly distributed around their central galaxies but show polar and planar structures. In this paper, we investigate the axis-asymmetry or lopsidedness of satellite galaxy distributions around isolated galaxies in a hydrodynamic cosmological simulation. We find a statistically significant lopsided signal by studying the angular distribution of the satellite galaxies' projected positions around isolated central galaxies in a two-dimensional plane. The signal is dependent on galaxy mass, color and large-scale environment. Satellites that inhabit low-mass blue hosts, or located further from the hosts show the most lopsided signal. Galaxy systems with massive neighbors exhibit stronger lopsidedness. This satellite axis-asymmetry signal also decreases as the universe evolves. Our findings are in agreement with recent observational results, and they provide a useful perspective for studying galaxy evolution, especially on the satellite accretion, internal evolution and interaction with the cosmic large-scale structure.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
Supplementary document for Enhance the responsivity of self-driven ultraviolet photodetector by (Al,Ga)N nanowire/graphene/PVDF heterojunction with high stability - 6757998.pdf
Creators: name: Zhou, Min
name: Zhao, Yukun
name: Zhang, Qianyi
name: Gu, Xiushuo
name: Zhang, Jianya
name: Jiang, Min
name: Lu, Shulong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
The Rotationally Resolved Infrared Spectrum of TiO and Its Isotopologues
Creators: name: Witsch, Daniel
name: Breier, Alexander A.
name: Döring, Eileen
name: Yamada, Koichi M. T.
name: Giesen, Thomas F.
name: Fuchs, Guido W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we present the ro-vibrationally resolved gas-phase spectrum of the diatomic molecule TiO around 1000\,cm$^{-1}$. Molecules were produced in a laser ablation source by vaporizing a pure titanium sample in the atmosphere of gaseous nitrous oxide. Adiabatically expanded gas, containing TiO, formed a supersonic jet and was probed perpendicularly to its propagation by infrared radiation from quantum cascade lasers. Fundamental bands of $^{46-50}$TiO and vibrational hotbands of $^{48}$TiO are identified and analyzed. In a mass-independent fitting procedure combining the new infrared data with pure rotational and electronic transitions from the literature, a Dunham-like parameterization is obtained. From the present data set, the multi-isotopic analysis allows to determine the spin-rotation coupling constant $γ$ and the Born-Oppenheimer correction coefficient $Δ_{\rm U_{10}}^{\mathrm{Ti}}$ for the first time. The parameter set enables to calculate the Born-Oppenheimer correction coefficients $Δ_{\rm U_{02}}^{\mathrm{Ti}}$ and $Δ_{\rm U_{02}}^{\mathrm{O}}$. In addition, the vibrational transition moments for the observed vibrational transitions are reported.
description: 2 figures
title: RONDE-DEUX-VOIR
title: WALKING WITH PLANT STORIES
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Piotrowski, Jana
name: Anacker, Carla Emilie
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2021

description: "RONDE-DEUX-VOIR" IS AN EXPERIMENTAL GAME IN WHICH A GIVING PERSON INVITES A RECEIVING PERSON FOR A WALK WITH A PREPARED TEXT OR TOPIC TO DISCUSS AND A PLANNED ROUTE.While WALKING IN SILENCE WE WERE LED BY STREETS CALLEd AFTER PLANTS.TIME BY TIME WE STOPPED, OPENED A LETTER AND READ OUT A PLANT STORY.
Designing a Wet Solar Cell Composed of Titanium Dioxide Anode and Copper Oxides Cathode
Creators: name: Nay Wunn, H.
name: Motoda, S.
name: Morita, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 83-86
description: The study was aimed to produce a wet solar cell applying the photocatalytic characteristics of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper oxides with seawater electrolyte that can be used in marine environment. Screen printed TiO2 electrode and vacuum deposited copper oxides were designed as the electrodes in this study. The cell voltage of 800 mV was obtained and stable during a 24-hour period in the assembled cell. The power density measurement was performed both for separated and assembled cells. The power density of assembled cell is higher than that of separated cell. From the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, the Nyquist plot was obtained and the equivalent circuit for the cell was constructed by simple curve fitting. The EIS result showed the impedance values of both TiO2 and Cu oxides semiconductors. The circuit for layers of electrodes and electrolyte was obtained
Improved bounds and new techniques for Davenport-Schinzel sequences and their generalizations
Creators: name: Nivasch, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let lambda_s(n) denote the maximum length of a Davenport-Schinzel sequence of order s on n symbols. For s=3 it is known that lambda_3(n) = Theta(n alpha(n)) (Hart and Sharir, 1986). For general s>=4 there are almost-tight upper and lower bounds, both of the form n * 2^poly(alpha(n)) (Agarwal, Sharir, and Shor, 1989). Our first result is an improvement of the upper-bound technique of Agarwal et al. We obtain improved upper bounds for s>=6, which are tight for even s up to lower-order terms in the exponent. More importantly, we also present a new technique for deriving upper bounds for lambda_s(n). With this new technique we: (1) re-derive the upper bound of lambda_3(n) <= 2n alpha(n) + O(n sqrt alpha(n)) (first shown by Klazar, 1999); (2) re-derive our own new upper bounds for general s; and (3) obtain improved upper bounds for the generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences considered by Adamec, Klazar, and Valtr (1992). Regarding lower bounds, we show that lambda_3(n) >= 2n alpha(n) - O(n), and therefore, the coefficient 2 is tight. We also present a simpler version of the construction of Agarwal, Sharir, and Shor that achieves the known lower bounds for even s>=4.
description: To appear in Journal of the ACM. 48 pages, 3 figures
On KDE-based Brushing in Scatterplots and how it Compares to CNN-based Brushing
Creators: name: Fan, Chaoran
name: Hauser, Helwig
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Interaction techniques
Computing methodologies
Optimization algorithms"

description: In this paper, we investigate to which degree the human should be involved into the model design and how good the empirical model can be with more careful design. To find out, we extended our previously published Mahalanobis brush (the best current empirical model in terms of accuracy for brushing points in a scatterplot) by further incorporating the data distribution information that is captured by the kernel density estimation (KDE). Based on this work, we then include a short discussion between the empirical model, designed in detail by an expert and the deep learning-based model that is learned from user data directly.
description: Machine Learning Methods in Visualisation for Big Data
description: Papers
description: 1
description: 5
description: Chaoran Fan and Helwig Hauser
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Interaction techniques; Computing methodologies --> Optimization algorithms"
Convergence of excursion point processes and its applications to functional limit theorems of Markov processes on a half-line
Creators: name: Yano, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Invariance principles are obtained for a Markov process on a half-line with continuous paths on the interior. The domains of attraction of the two different types of self-similar processes are investigated. Our approach is to establish convergence of excursion point processes, which is based on Itô's excursion theory and a recent result on convergence of excursion measures by Fitzsimmons and the present author.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/08-BEJ132 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Interpreting Black-Box Semantic Segmentation Models in Remote Sensing Applications
Creators: name: Janik, Adrianna
name: Sankaran, Kris
name: Ortiz, Anthony
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Information visualization
Computing methodologies
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Image segmentation"

description: In the interpretability literature, attention is focused on understanding black-box classifiers, but many problems ranging from medicine through agriculture and crisis response in humanitarian aid are tackled by semantic segmentation models. The absence of interpretability for these canonical problems in computer vision motivates this study. In this study we present a usercentric approach that blends techniques from interpretability, representation learning, and interactive visualization. It allows to visualize and link latent representation to real data instances as well as qualitatively assess strength of predictions. We have applied our method to a deep learning model for semantic segmentation, U-Net, in a remote sensing application of building detection. This application is of high interest for humanitarian crisis response teams that rely on satellite images analysis. Preliminary results shows utility in understanding semantic segmentation models, demo presenting the idea is available online.
description: Machine Learning Methods in Visualisation for Big Data
description: Papers
description: 7
description: 11
description: Adrianna Janik, Kris Sankaran, and Anthony Ortiz
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Information visualization; Computing methodologies --> Knowledge representation and reasoning; Image segmentation"
Visual Analysis of Multivariate Urban Traffic Data Resorting to Local Principal Curves
Creators: name: Silva, Carla
name: D'Orey, Pedro M.
name: Aguiar, Ana
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Visual analytics
Empirical studies in visualization
Computing methodologies
Machine learning approaches
Modeling and simulation
Shape modeling"

description: Traffic congestion causes major economic, environmental and social problems in modern cities. We present an interactive visualization tool to assist domain experts on the identification and analysis of traffic patterns at a city scale making use of multivariate empirical urban data and fundamental diagrams. The proposed method combines visualization techniques with an improved local principle curves method to model traffic dynamics and facilitate comparison of traffic patterns - resorting to the fitted curve with a confidence interval - between different road segments and for different external conditions. We demonstrate the proposed technique in an illustrative real-world case study in the city of Porto, Portugal.
description: Machine Learning Methods in Visualisation for Big Data
description: Papers
description: 13
description: 17
description: Carla Silva, Pedro M. d'Orey, and Ana Aguiar
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Visual analytics; Empirical studies in visualization; Computing methodologies --> Machine learning approaches; Modeling and simulation; Shape modeling"
A fully-spectroscopic triple-source-plane lens: the Jackpot completed
Creators: name: Smith, Russell J.
name: Collett, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic determination of the redshift of the second source in the Jackpot gravitational lens system J0946+1006, for which only a photometric estimate of $z_{\rm phot}$ = 2.41$^{+0.04}_{-0.21}$ has previously been available. By visually inspecting an archival VLT X-Shooter observation, we located a single emission line from the source in the H-band. Among the possible options we find that this line is most likely to be [OIII] 5007 Ang at $z_{\rm spec} $ = 2.035. Guided by this proposal, we were able to detect the faint CIII] 1907,1909 Ang emission doublet in a deep VLT MUSE datacube. The CIII] emission is spatially coincident with the brightest parts of the second Einstein ring, and strongly supports the redshift identification. The spectroscopic redshift is only marginally consistent with the photometric estimate. Re-examining the cosmological constraints from J0946+1006, the revised measurement favours less negative values of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter $w$; when combined with a cosmic microwave background prior, we infer $w$ = $-1.04\pm0.20$. The revised redshift does not significantly help to reconcile the small discrepancy in the image positions for the even more distant third source in J0946+1006.
description: To be resubmitted to MNRAS following very minor comments from referee
A proposed solution for the lifetime puzzle of the 229mTh+ isomer
Creators: name: Karpeshin, F. F.
name: Trzhaskovskaya, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the example of the 229Th nucleus, which is the most likely candidate for the creation frequency standard of a future, the dynamics of the interplay and the relationship of various resonance conversion mechanisms is analyzed. As a result, a solution is proposed for the so-called thorium puzzle, which consisted of a contradiction between the experimental and theoretical lifetimes of Th+ ions. First, the solution demonstrates the dependence of the lifetime of the nuclear isomer on the ambient conditions. Second, it demonstrates the leveling role of the fragmentation of the single-electron levels, which makes the resonance amplification of the electron-nuclear interaction more likely. Both of these trends lead to a probable decrease of the theoretical lifetime towards agreement with experiment.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. WE-Heraeus-Seminar on Novel optical clocks in atoms and nuclei, July 9-12, 2018 at the Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, Germany
From haloes to galaxies. III. The gas cycle of local galaxy populations
Creators: name: Dou, Jing
name: Peng, Yingjie
name: Renzini, Alvio
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Mannucci, Filippo
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: Gao, Yu
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Zhang, Chengpeng
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Li, Di
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Pan, Zhizheng
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Zheng, Xianzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Dou et al. (2021), we introduced the Fundamental Formation Relation (FFR), a tight relation between specific SFR (sSFR), H$_2$ star formation efficiency (SFE$_{\rm H_2}$), and the ratio of H$_2$ to stellar mass. Here we show that atomic gas HI does not follow a similar FFR as H$_2$. The relation between SFE$_{\rm HI}$ and sSFR shows significant scatter and strong systematic dependence on all of the key galaxy properties that we have explored. The dramatic difference between HI and H$_2$ indicates that different processes (e.g., quenching by different mechanisms) may have very different effects on the HI in different galaxies and hence produce different SFE$_{\rm HI}$-sSFR relations, while the SFE$_{\rm H_2}$-sSFR relation remains unaffected. The facts that SFE$_{\rm H_2}$-sSFR relation is independent of other key galaxy properties, and that sSFR is directly related to the cosmic time and acts as the cosmic clock, make it natural and very simple to study how different galaxy populations (with different properties and undergoing different processes) evolve on the same SFE$_{\rm H_2}$-sSFR $\sim t$ relation. In the gas regulator model (GRM), the evolution of a galaxy on the SFE$_{\rm H_2}$-sSFR($t$) relation is uniquely set by a single mass-loading parameter $λ_{\rm net,H_2}$. This simplicity allows us to accurately derive the H$_2$ supply and removal rates of the local galaxy populations with different stellar masses, from star-forming galaxies to the galaxies in the process of being quenched. This combination of FFR and GRM, together with the stellar metallicity requirement, provide a new powerful tool to study galaxy formation and evolution.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
QuickSES: A Library for Fast Computation of Solvent Excluded Surfaces
Creators: name: Martinez, Xavier
name: Krone, Michael
name: Baaden, Marc
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Applied computing
Molecular structural biology
Computing methodologies
Massively parallel algorithms

description: Recently, several fast methods to compute Solvent Excluded Surfaces (SES) on GPUs have been presented. While these published methods reportedly yield interesting and useful results, up to now no public, freely accessible implementation of a fast and opensource SES mesh computation method that runs on GPUs is available. Most molecular viewers, therefore, still use legacy CPU methods that run only on a single core, without GPU acceleration. In this paper, we present an in-depth explanation and a fully open-source CUDA implementation of the fast, grid-based computation method proposed by Hermosilla et al. [HKG*17]. Our library called QuickSES runs on GPUs and is distributed with a permissive license. It comes with a standalone program that reads Protein Data Bank (PDB) files and outputs a complete SES mesh as a Wavefront OBJ file. Alternatively it can directly be integrated in classical molecular viewers as shared library. We demonstrate the low memory consumption to enable execution on lower-end GPUs, and compare the runtime speed-up to available state-of-the-art tools.
description: Workshop on Molecular Graphics and Visual Analysis of Molecular Data
description: Session 2
description: 11
description: 15
description: Xavier Martinez, Michael Krone, and Marc Baaden
description: CCS Concepts: Applied computing --> Molecular structural biology; Computing methodologies --> Massively parallel algorithms
High Fill Factor CIGS Solar Modules by Evaporated Metal Grid: Numerical Simulation and Module Validation
Creators: name: Lin, S.
name: Shan, H.
name: Zhuang, D.
name: Wächter, R.
name: Repmann, T.
name: Freund, T.
name: Zancan, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 708-712
description: In this article, we focused on CIGS thin-film solar module structure optimization. Based on numerical simulation results by PVMOS software, we designed the structure of metal grid and chose the optimized parameters. By analyzing the loss, we deduced that P2 busbar would be helpful to reduce Ohmic heating effect in the module. The high definition P2 busbar is creatively added by a new method with E-Beam Al evaporation. Transmission-line-model (TLM) measurement reveals that the contact resistivity between AZO and evaporated metal grid is extremely low (<0.05m-cm2). Although a low contact resistivity seems to be quite beneficial for reducing serial resistance, therefore increasing module fill factor. However, the simulation results show that such low contact resistivity could strongly enhance the shunting effect when shunting defects are under the metal grid fingers. By removing of these local shunting defects manually, the final finger-shunting-free modules show high fill factors. The modules with metal grid fingers only and with P2 busbars + grid fingers on 100100 mm2 substrates both show high fill factors > 77% even on 7 mm width sub-cells with 25 / TCO. Compared with the reference modules composed of 4mm sub-cells, the metal grid and P2 busbar structure modules show increase not only in FF from 73.5 % to >77%, but also the active area ratio from 93.7% to 94.1% according to our design parameters. P2 busbars not only reduce the heating in finger/P2 contact area, but it could also better balance the loss in contact resistivity and in grid finger enhanced shunting. Metal grid with P2 busbar is a promising technology for future high performance thin-film solar modules according to the simulation results.
Cosmic Meteorology
Creators: name: Lockwood, Mike
name: Owens, Mat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mike Lockwood and Mathew Owens discuss how eclipse observations are aiding the development of a climatology of near-Earth space
description: Author-produced copy of published version in Astronomy and Geophysics
MolFind - Integrated Multi-Selection Schemes for Complex Molecular Structures
Creators: name: Skånberg, Robin
name: Linares, Mathieu
name: Falk, Martin
name: Hotz, Ingrid
name: Ynnerman, Anders
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: Selecting components and observing changes of properties and configurations over time is an important step in the analysis of molecular dynamics (MD) data. In this paper, we present a selection tool combining text-based queries with spatial selection and filtering. Morphological operations facilitate refinement of the selection by growth operators, e.g. across covalent bonds. The combination of different selection paradigms enables flexible and intuitive analysis on different levels of detail and visual depiction of molecular events. Immediate visual feedback during interactions ensures a smooth exploration of the data. We demonstrate the utility of our selection framework by analyzing temporal changes in the secondary structure of poly-alanine and the binding of aspirin to phospholipase A2.
description: Workshop on Molecular Graphics and Visual Analysis of Molecular Data
description: Session 2
description: 17
description: 21
description: Robin Skånberg, Mathieu Linares, Martin Falk, Ingrid Hotz, and Anders Ynnerman
PBmapclust: Mapping and Clustering the Protein Conformational Space Using a Structural Alphabet
Creators: name: Vetrivel, Iyanar
name: Hoffmann, Lionel
name: Guegan, Sean
name: Offmann, Bernard
name: Laurent, Adele D.
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied computing
subject: Molecular structural biology
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational proteomics

description: Analyzing the data from molecular dynamics simulation of biological macromolecules like proteins is challenging. We propose a simple tool called PBmapclust that is based on a well established structural alphabet called Protein blocks (PB). PBs help in tracing the trajectory of the protein backbone by categorizing it into 16 distinct structural states. PBmapclust provides a time vs. amino acid residue plot that is color coded to match each of the PBs. Color changes correspond to structural changes, giving a visual overview of the simulation. Further, PBmapclust enables the user to "map" the conformational space sampled by the protein during the MD simulation by clustering the conformations. The ability to generate sub-maps for specific residues and specific time intervals allows the user to focus on residues of interest like for active sites or disordered regions. We have included an illustrative case study to demonstrate the utility of the tool. It describes the effect of the disordered domain of a HSP90 co-chaperone on the conformation of its active site residues. The scripts required to perform PBmapclust are made freely available under the GNU general public license.
description: Workshop on Molecular Graphics and Visual Analysis of Molecular Data
description: Session 2
description: 23
description: 27
description: Iyanar Vetrivel, Lionel Hoffmann, Sean Guegan, Bernard Offmann, and Adele D. Laurent
description: CCS Concepts: Applied computing --> Molecular structural biology; Bioinformatics; Computational proteomics
Hyperspectral Photoluminescence Imaging as a Tool to Study Degradation of Outdoor Silicon Solar Panels
Creators: name: Vukovic, M.
name: Flø, A.S.
name: Olsen, E.
name: Mehl, T.
name: Høiaas, I.
name: Burud, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1670-1674
description: Radiative band-to-band photoluminescence (PL) signal is detected in silicon solar cells and modules at approximately 1.1 eV. Recording this signal with hyperspectral push-broom camera has so far been conducted in controlled laboratory conditions. However, detecting band-to-band PL signal evoked by sun’s excitation outside of laboratory setting poses a particular kind of challenge due to reﬂection detected by the imaging apparatus. To the authors’ knowledge, there have only been a few successful attempts to remove the noise and uncover the PL signal detected in the ﬁeld. They are based on collecting images of a module in dierent operating conditions. Present work applies this method in order to detect both the spatial and spectral distribution of the band-to-band PL signal in silicon solar modules with a push-broom scanner. Spectral distribution of the PL signal detected in one of the module’s cells shows a signal in range 1.0-1.3 eV, where band-to-band PL signal from Si solar cells is expected to be seen. In addition, there seem to be solar cells with zero andnegative PL signal. Further studies are needed.
The Ultimatum Game in Complex Networks
Creators: name: Sinatra, Roberta
name: Iranzo, Jaime
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
name: Floría, Luis M.
name: Latora, Vito
name: Moreno, Yamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of how cooperative (altruistic-like) behavior arises in natural and social systems by analyzing an ultimatum game in complex networks. Specifically, three types of players are considered: (a) empathetic, whose aspiration level and offer are equal, (b) pragmatic, who do not distinguish between the different roles and aim to obtain the same benefit, and (c) agents whose aspiration level and offer are independent. We analyze the asymptotic behavior of pure populations on different topologies using two kinds of strategic update rules. Natural selection, which relies on replicator dynamics, and Social Penalty, inspired in the Bak-Sneppen dynamics, in which players are subjected to a social selection rule penalizing not only the less fitted individuals, but also their first neighbors. We discuss the emergence of fairness in the different settings and network topologies.
description: version published
Zasada równości wobec prawa a wykluczenie społeczne : wybrane problemy i zagadnienia
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2023

description: Zasada równości wobec prawa stanowi jedną z fundamentalnych zasad ochrony praw człowieka, a jej przestrzeganie warunkuje realizację innych praw podstawowych. Jednocześnie nakaz równego traktowania zajmuje eksponowane miejsce zarówno w regulacjach krajowych, jak i w aktach prawa międzynarodowego. Z kolei poznanie wielu ważnych zjawisk i procesów związanych z problemem wykluczenia społecznego zachodzących w społeczeństwie oraz ochrony przed tym zjawiskiem w perspektywie praw człowieka powinno być jednym z ważniejszych zadań, podejmowanych nie tylko w obrębie nauk socjologicznych, ale może przede wszystkim w obszarze refleksji prawnej, etycznej i politycznej.
Anorexia nervosa and social network
Creators: name: Buch, Wes
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Aspects of the social networks of anorexic (N=34) and non-anorexic (N=35) women were examined according to hypotheses derived from social network theory and research and from the literature pertaining to anorexia nervosa. The nature of the social network was discussed from the perspective of Pattison's (1977a) psychodynamic psychosocial systems theory. Subjects were compared on selected social network variables using the Pattison Psychosocial Inventory (PPI). The California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and the Family Environment Scale (FES) were used to investigate the contribution of certain personality and environmental variables to social network variation. Statistical analyses of the difference between means were tested using the Hotelling's T² procedure followed by univariate t-tests. Analyses of proportions were performed using z-tests. The Bonferroni inequality was employed in order to reduce the probability of Type I error when determining the statistical significance of the univariate t-tests and z-tests. The null hypothesis was accepted for the majority of the results. Only one social network variable, total network size, significantly differentiated anorexic and control subjects, although several other variables were approaching statistical significance. Various contrasting explanations of the results were discussed. For example, it is possible that anorexia nervosa is not a homogeneous or singular nosological entity and does not inevitably result in predictable and largely invariant social impairment. It was proposed that recent typologies of anorexia nervosa may yield significant between-group variation in social network variables. Furthermore, social networks may vary with the degree of severity and/or chronicity of the anorexic condition. The correlational analyses produced several statistically significant results. Regarding environmental (FES) variables, both cohesion and independence were positively correlated with support from family network members. Contrary to hypotheses, however, interpersonal effectiveness (CPI) achieved only weak and non-significant correlations with social network size and support.
A locally deterministic, detector-based model of quantum measurement
Creators: name: La Cour, Brian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a simple, causally deterministic model of quantum measurement based on an amplitude threshold detection scheme. Surprisingly, it is found to reproduce many phenomena normally thought to be uniquely quantum in nature. To model an $N$-dimensional pure state, the model uses $N$ complex random variables given by a scaled version of the wave vector with additive complex noise. Measurements are defined by threshold crossings of the individual components, conditioned on single-component threshold crossings. The resulting detection probabilities match or approximate those predicted by quantum mechanics according to the Born rule. Nevertheless, quantum phenomena such as entanglement, contextuality, and violations of Bell's inequality under local measurements are all shown to be exhibited by the model, thereby demonstrating that such phenomena are not without classical analogs.
description: 26 pages, no figures