cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation on the basis of Bit error rate for different order of Modulation and different length of Subchannels in ofdm system
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sutanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, we have required to accommodate a large number of users under a single base station. This can be possible only if we have some flexibility over the spectrum. Previously we have lots of multiplexing methods to accommodate large number of signals in time and frequency domain. But now we have required to accommodate a large number of users in the same bandwidth, without any fading over the received signal. So, orthogonality can be maintained over the frequency response. This technology is now more popular in the mobile communication domain, called Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Actually user data can be converted into the parallel form and then they are modulated using digital modulation techniques. Finally, they have followed by OFDM Modulator and cyclic prefix can be inserted into the OFDM symbols. Here, I have worked on the measurement of Bit error rate for different modulation techniques in OFDM technology. It has been considered that subchannel size is not constant. According to that I have concluded the overall idea regarding the performance under OFDM technology.
description: Journal Paper With 9 Pages (Number of Figures - 06), International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics (IJMNCT), June 2014
Inferred Properties of Planets in Mean-Motion Resonances are Biased by Measurement Noise
Creators: name: Jensen, David
name: Millholland, Sarah C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary systems with mean-motion resonances (MMRs) hold special value in terms of their dynamical complexity and their capacity to constrain planet formation and migration histories. The key towards making these connections, however, is to have a reliable characterization of the resonant dynamics, especially the so-called "libration amplitude", which qualitatively measures how deep the system is into the resonance. In this work, we identify an important complication with the interpretation of libration amplitude estimates from observational data of resonant systems. Specifically, we show that measurement noise causes inferences of the libration amplitude to be systematically biased to larger values, with noisier data yielding a larger bias. We demonstrated this through multiple approaches, including using dynamical fits of synthetic radial velocity data to explore how the the libration amplitude distribution inferred from the posterior parameter distribution varies with the degree of measurement noise. We find that even modest levels of noise still result in a slight bias. The origin of the bias stems from the topology of the resonant phase space and the fact that the available phase space volume increases non-uniformly with increasing libration amplitude. We highlight strategies for mitigating the bias through the usage of particular priors. Our results imply that many known resonant systems are likely deeper in resonance than previously appreciated.
description: Accepted in AJ, 9 pages and 7 figures
Ordinanza Tribunale Venezia: caso Ravensburger / Uomo Vitruviano Leonardo (ottobre 2022)
Creators: name: Tribunale Di Venezia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: beni culturali
intellectual property
public domain
copyright

description: Il testo dell'Ordinanza del Tribunale di Venezia (R.G. 5317/2022; decisione del 20 ottobre 2022); caso Ravensburger contro Ministero Cultura e Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia; oggetto: diritti di riproduzione dell'Uomo Vitruviano di Leonardo Da Vinci ai sensi degli articoli 107 e 108 Codice Beni Culturali.
Contact Research Strategy for Emerging Molybdenum Disulfide and Other Two-Dimensional Field-effect Transistors
Creators: name: Du, Yuchen
name: Yang, Lingming
name: Liu, Han
name: Ye, Peide D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have been widely isolated, synthesized, and characterized recently. Numerous 2D materials are identified as the potential candidates as channel materials for future thin film technology due to their high mobility and the exhibiting bandgaps. While many TMD filed-effect transistors (FETs) have been widely demonstrated along with a significant progress to clearly understand the device physics, large contact resistance at metal/semiconductor interface still remain a challenge. From 2D device research point of view, how to minimize the Schottky barrier effects on contacts thus reduce the contact resistance of metals on 2D materials is very critical for the further development of the field. Here, we present a review of contact research on molybdenum disulfide and other TMD FETs from the fundamental understanding of metal-semiconductor interfaces on 2D materials. A clear contact research strategy on 2D semiconducting materials is developed for future high-performance 2D FETs with aggressively scaled dimensions.
description: Published in APL Materials
Role of H2O2 in the oxidative effects of zinc exposure in human airway epithelial cells
Creators: name: Silbajoris, Robert
name: Samet, James M.
name: Speen, Adam
name: Simmons, Steven O.
name: Bromberg, Philip A.
name: Wages, Phillip A.
name: Brighton, Luisa
name: Tong, Haiyan
name: Henriquez, Andres
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Human exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a global environmental health concern. Zinc (Zn2+) is a ubiquitous respiratory toxicant that has been associated with PM health effects. However, the molecular mechanism of Zn2+ toxicity is not fully understood. H2O2 and Zn2+ have been shown to mediate signaling leading to adverse cellular responses in the lung and we have previously demonstrated Zn2+ to cause cellular H2O2 production. To determine the role of Zn2+-induced H2O2 production in the human airway epithelial cell response to Zn2+ exposure. BEAS-2B cells expressing the redox-sensitive fluorogenic sensors HyPer (H2O2) or roGFP2 (EGSH) in the cytosol or mitochondria were exposed to 50µM Zn2+ for 5min in the presence of 1µM of the zinc ionophore pyrithione. Intracellular H2O2 levels were modulated using catalase expression either targeted to the cytosol or ectopically to the mitochondria. HO-1 mRNA expression was measured as a downstream marker of response to oxidative stress induced by Zn2+ exposure. Both cytosolic catalase overexpression and ectopic catalase expression in mitochondria were effective in ablating Zn2+-induced elevations in H2O2. Compartment-directed catalase expression blunted Zn2+-induced elevations in cytosolic EGSH and the increased expression of HO-1 mRNA levels. Zn2+ leads to multiple oxidative effects that are exerted through H2O2-dependent and independent mechanisms.Graphical abstractHighlights•We used targeted catalase expression to examine the role of H2O2 in Zn2+-induced effects.•Cytosolic or mitochondrial catalase ablated Zn2+-induced mitochondrial H2O2 production.•Catalase expression blunted Zn2+-induced cytosolic EGSH and HO-1 mRNA.•Independently, decreasing GSHtotal or increasing EGSH failed to induce HO-1 mRNA.•Zn2+ causes multiple oxidative effects by H2O2-dependent and independent mechanisms.
Star Cluster Formation in Clouds with Externally Driven Turbulence
Creators: name: Smith, Jamie D.
name: Dale, James E.
name: Jaffa, Sarah E.
name: Krause, Martin G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star clusters are known to be formed in turbulent molecular clouds. How turbulence is driven in molecular clouds and what effect this has on star formation is still unclear. We compare a simulation setup with turbulent driving everywhere in a periodic box with a setup where turbulence is only driven around the outside of the box. We analyse the resulting gas distribution, kinematics, and the population of stars that are formed from the cloud. Both setups successfully produce a turbulent velocity field with a power law structure function, the externally driven cloud has a more central, monolithic, clump, while the fully driven cloud has many smaller, more dispersed, clumps. The star formation follows the cloud morphology producing large clusters, with high star forming efficiency in the externally driven simulations and sparse individual star formation with much lower star formation efficiency in the fully driven case. We conclude that the externally driven method, which resembles a Global Hierarchical Collapse (GHC) scenario, produces star clusters that more closely match with observations.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Atmospheric Monitoring and Precise Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets with SCExAO/CHARIS
Creators: name: Wang, Jason J.
name: Gao, Peter
name: Chilcote, Jeffrey
name: Lozi, Julien
name: Guyon, Olivier
name: Marois, Christian
name: De Rosa, Robert J.
name: Sahoo, Ananya
name: Groff, Tyler D.
name: Vievard, Sebastien
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.
name: Macintosh, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atmospheres of gas giant planets are thought to be inhomogeneous due to weather and patchy clouds. We present two full nights of coronagraphic observations of the HR 8799 planets using the CHARIS integral field spectrograph behind the SCExAO adaptive optics system on the Subaru Telescope to search for spectrophomometric variability. We did not detect significant variability signals, but placed the lowest variability upper limits for HR 8799 c and d. Based on injection-recovery tests, we expected to have a 50% chance to detect signals down to 10% H-band photometric variability for HR 8799 c and down to 30% H-band variability for HR 8799 d. We also investigated spectral variability and expected a 50% chance to recovery 20% variability in the H/K flux ratio for HR 8799 c. We combined all the data from the two nights to obtain some of the most precise spectra obtained for HR 8799 c, d, and e. Using a grid of cloudy radiative-convective-thermochemical equilibrium models, we found all three planets prefer supersolar metallicity with effective temperatures of ~1100 K. However, our high signal-to-noise spectra show that HR 8799 d has a distinct spectrum from HR 8799 c, possibly preferring more vertically extended and uniform clouds and indicating that the planets are not identical.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, Accepted to AJ, time series photometry and stacked spectra available as text files
Contribution of Airplane Engine Emissions on the Local Air Quality around Stuttgart Airport during and after COVID-19 Lockdown Measures
Creators: name: Samad, Abdul
name: Arango, Kathryn
name: Chourdakis, Ioannis
name: Vogt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: UFP Ultra Fine Particles, Airport Measurements, PM Particulate Matter, NOx, BC Black Carbon

description: Previous airport studies conducted in Los Angeles, Amsterdam and other cities have shown that aircraft can significantly increase air pollutant concentrations around the airport and can be measured even at distances of several kilometers. Since the results cannot be directly transferred from one city to another and no comparable measurements were carried out at Stuttgart airport, the aim of the study was to investigate whether increased air pollution levels can be measured at the airport fence and in the immediate vicinity of the airport in Stuttgart. Since there are busy roads in the immediate vicinity of the airport (e.g. A8, B27), it should also be investigated whether the exhaust gas plumes from road traffic and air traffic can be distinguished.
Birefringence Tomography for Axion Cloud
Creators: name: Chen, Yifan
name: Li, Chunlong
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
name: Shu, Jing
name: Xue, Xiao
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Zhou, Zihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An axion cloud surrounding a supermassive black hole can be naturally produced through the superradiance process. Its existence can be examined by the axion induced birefringence effect. It predicts an oscillation of the electric vector position angle of linearly polarized radiations. Stringent constraints of the existence of the axion in a particular mass window has been obtained based on the recent Event Horizon Telescope measurement on M87$^\star$. The future Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations will be able to measure the vicinity of many supermassive black holes, thus it opens the possibility to search for the existence of axions in a wide mass regime. In this paper, we study how different black hole properties and accretion flows influence the signatures of the axion induced birefringence. We include the impacts of black hole inclination angles, spins, magnetic fields, plasma velocity distributions, the thickness of the accretion flows. We pay special attention to characterize the washout effects induced by the finite thickness of the accretion flows and the lensed photons. Based on this study, we give prospects on how to optimize the axion search using future VLBI observations, such as the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope, to further increase the sensitivity.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures, published version in JCAP
title: Top Quark Physics at the LHC: top quark pair precision measurements and associated production with additional bosons
title: Top-Quark-Physik am LHC: Präzisionsmessungen von Top-Quark-Paaren und assoziierte Produktion mit zusätzlichen Bosonen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Diez Pardos, Carmen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: High energy physics
subject: LHC experiments
subject: Top quark physics
subject: t-Quark
subject: Standardmodell

description: The top quark is the heaviest known elementary particle and the only quark that decays before hadronisation, and thus gives direct access to its properties. With its large mass, it plays a crucial role for testing the predictions of the Standard Model (SM) and in the measurement of the Higgs boson properties. Moreover, various scenarios of physics beyond the SM expect the top quark to couple to new particles. The large data samples collected at the CMS and ATLAS experiments at the CERN LHC allow for the first time measuring rare SM processes, challenging the state-of-the-art theoretical predictions and extending the scope of searches for new physics phenomena. This thesis focuses on the study of top quark physics using proton-proton data from both the CMS and ATLAS experiments, collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. In particular, it includes precision measurements related to top quark pair production and the top quark mass, measurements of the associated production of top quark pairs with a Higgs boson, the first direct test of the coupling of the top quark Yukawa coupling, and top quark pair production in association with a photon, which provide the opportunity to directly probe the electroweak couplings of the top quark.
description: Das Top-Quark ist das schwerste bekannte Elementarteilchen und das einzige Quark, das vor der Hadronisierung zerfällt und somit einen direkten Zugang zu seinen Eigenschaften ermöglicht. Mit seiner großen Masse spielt es eine entscheidende Rolle beim Testen der Vorhersagen des Standardmodells (SM) und bei der Messung der Eigenschaften des Higgs-Bosons. Außerdem wird in verschiedenen Szenarien der Physik jenseits des SM erwartet, dass das Top-Quark an neue Teilchen koppelt. Die großen Datenmengen, die mit den CMS- und ATLAS-Experimenten am LHC am CERN gesammelt wurden, ermöglichen zum ersten Mal die Messung seltener SM-Prozesse, was die modernsten theoretischen Vorhersagen in Frage stellt und den Umfang der Suche nach neuen physikalischen Phänomenen erweitert. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Untersuchung der Top-Quark-Physik anhand von Proton-Proton-Daten der CMS- und ATLAS-Experimente, die bei Schwerpunktenergien von 7, 8 und 13 TeV gesammelt wurden. Sie umfasst insbesondere Präzisionsmessungen im Zusammenhang mit der Top-Quark-Paarproduktion und der Top-Quark-Masse, Messungen der assoziierten Produktion von Top-Quark-Paaren mit einem Higgs-Boson, dem ersten direkten Test der Yukawa Kopplung des Top-Quarks, und der assoziierten Produktion mit einem Photon, die die Möglichkeit bieten, die elektroschwachen Kopplungen des Top-Quarks direkt zu untersuchen.
Rac1 modification by an electrophilic 15-deoxy Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 analog
Creators: name: Landar, A.
name: Wall, S.B.
name: Renfrow, M.B.
name: Oh, J.-Y.
name: Mitchell, L.
name: Campbell, S.L.
name: Laube, A.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are important for maintaining vascular homeostasis. Dysfunction of ECs contributes to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, and can impair the healing process during vascular injury. An important mediator of EC response to stress is the GTPase Rac1. Rac1 responds to extracellular signals and is involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, reactive oxygen species generation and cell cycle progression. Rac1 interacts with effector proteins to elicit EC spreading and formation of cell-to-cell junctions. Rac1 activity has recently been shown to be modulated by glutathiolation or S-nitrosation via an active site cysteine residue. However, it is not known whether other redox signaling compounds can modulate Rac1 activity. An important redox signaling mediator is the electrophilic lipid, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2). This compound is a downstream product of cyclooxygenase and forms covalent adducts with specific cysteine residues, and induces cellular signaling in a pleiotropic manner. In this study, we demonstrate that a biotin-tagged analog of 15d-PGJ2 (bt-15d-PGJ2) forms an adduct with Rac1 in vitro at the C157 residue, and an additional adduct was detected on the tryptic peptide associated with C178. Rac1 modification in addition to modulation of Rac1 activity by bt-15d-PGJ2 was observed in cultured ECs. In addition, decreased EC migration and cell spreading were observed in response to the electrophile. These results demonstrate for the first time that Rac1 is a target for 15d-PGJ2 in ECs, and suggest that Rac1 modification by electrophiles such as 15d-PGJ2 may alter redox signaling and EC function.
The Effect of Environment on Galaxy Spiral Arms, Bars, Concentration, and Quenching
Creators: name: Smith, Beverly J.
name: Giroux, Mark L.
name: Struck, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a sample of 4378 nearby spiral and S0 galaxies, Yu and Ho (2020) used Fourier analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey images to show that the strengths of the spiral arms and the pitch angles of the arms are inversely correlated with central concentration. In the current study, we search for trends in the Yu and Ho (2020) spiral arm parameters with environment and specific star formation rate (sSFR). When comparing galaxies with similar concentrations, we do not find a significant difference in the arm strengths or pitch angles of spiral galaxies in clusters compared to field galaxies. When differences in concentration are taken into account, we also find no significant difference in the parameter f3 for cluster spirals compared to field spirals, where f3 is the normalized m = 3 Fourier amplitude. When concentration is held fixed, both arm strength and pitch angle are correlated with sSFR, but f3 is not. These relations support the suggestion by Davis et al. (2015) of a `fundamental plane' of spiral structure involving pitch angle, bulge stellar mass, and gas surface density. We discuss these results in terms of theories of spiral arm production and quenching in galaxies. To aid comparison with earlier studies based on Galaxy Zoo, we explore how the Yu and Ho (2020) parameters relate to similar parameters measured by Galaxy Zoo (i.e., f3 vs. number of arms, pitch angle vs. winding parameter, and concentration vs. bulge class).
description: AJ, in press
Myc transcription factors: key regulators behind establishment and maintenance of pluripotency
Creators: name: Dalton, Stephen
name: Smith, Keriayn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The interplay between transcription factors, epigenetic modifiers, chromatin remodelers and miRNAs form the foundation of a complex regulatory network required for establishment and maintenance of the pluripotent state. Recent work indicates that Myc transcription factors are essential elements of this regulatory system. Despite numerous reports however, aspects of how Myc controls self-renewal and pluripotency remain obscure. Here, we review evidence supporting the placement of Myc as a central regulator of the pluripotent state and discuss possible mechanisms of action.
Comparison of fringe-tracking algorithms for single-mode near-infrared long-baseline interferometers
Creators: name: Choquet, Élodie
name: Menu, Jonathan
name: Perrin, Guy
name: Cassaing, Frédéric
name: Lacour, Sylvestre
name: Eisenhauer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To enable optical long baseline interferometry toward faint objects, long integrations are necessary despite atmospheric turbulence. Fringe trackers are needed to stabilize the fringes and thus increase the fringe visibility and phase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), with efficient controllers robust to instrumental vibrations, and to subsequent path fluctuations and flux drop-outs. We report on simulations, analysis and comparison of the performances of a classical integrator controller and of a Kalman controller, both optimized to track fringes under realistic observing conditions for different source magnitudes, disturbance conditions, and sampling frequencies. The key parameters of our simulations (instrument photometric performance, detection noise, turbulence and vibrations statistics) are based on typical observing conditions at the Very Large Telescope observatory and on the design of the GRAVITY instrument, a 4-telescope single-mode long baseline interferometer in the near-infrared, next in line to be installed at VLT Interferometer. We find that both controller performances follow a two-regime law with the star magnitude, a constant disturbance limited regime, and a diverging detector and photon noise limited regime. Moreover, we find that the Kalman controller is optimal in the high and medium SNR regime due to its predictive commands based on an accurate disturbance model. In the low SNR regime, the model is not accurate enough to be more robust than an integrator controller. Identifying the disturbances from high SNR measurements improves the Kalman performances in case of strong optical path difference disturbances.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 17 pages 15 figures
Increased yield of endothelial cells from peripheral blood for cell therapies and tissue engineering
Creators: name: Keil, Lukas G
name: Noviani, Maria
name: Jamiolkowski, Ryan M
name: Frederiksen, James W
name: Truskey, George A
name: Rodriguez, AnnMarie K
name: Arciniegas, Antonio J
name: Mantilla, Jose G
name: Darrabie, Marcus D
name: Kang, Sa Do
name: Carlon, Tim A
name: Alzate, Oscar
name: Haley, N Rebecca
name: Galinat, Lauren J
name: Lin, Fu-Hsiung
name: Achneck, Hardean E
name: Allen, Jason D
name: Liu, Siyao
name: Haseltine, Justin M
name: Jantzen, Alexandra E
name: Stabler, Thomas V
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Peripheral blood-derived endothelial cells (pBD-ECs) are an attractive tool for cell therapies and tissue engineering, but have been limited by their low isolation yield. We increase pBD-EC yield via administration of the chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist AMD3100, as well as via a diluted whole blood incubation (DWBI).
Rapid readout of a register of qubits using open loop quantum control
Creators: name: Combes, Joshua
name: Denney, Aaron
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Measurements are a primitive for characterizing quantum systems. Reducing the time taken to perform a measurement may be beneficial in many areas of quantum information processing. We show that permuting the eigenvalues of the state matrix in the logical basis, using open loop control, provides a $O(n)$ reduction in the measurement time, where $n$ is the number of qubits in the register. This reduction is of the same order as the (previously introduced) locally optimal feedback protocol. The advantage of the open loop protocol is that it is far less difficult experimentally. Because the control commutes with the measured observable at all times, our rapid measurement protocol could be used for characterizing a quantum system, by state or process tomography, or to implement measurement-based quantum error correction.
A Census of the 32 Ori Association with Gaia
Creators: name: Luhman, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the third data release of Gaia (DR3) to identify candidate members of the 32 Ori association. Spectral types and radial velocities have been measured for subsets of the candidates using new and archival spectra. For the candidates that have radial velocity measurements, I have used UVW velocities to further constrain their membership, arriving at a final catalog of 169 candidates. I estimate that the completeness of the survey is ~90% for spectral types of <=M7 (>=0.06 Msun). The histogram of spectral types for the 32 Ori candidates exhibits a maximum at M5 (~0.15 Msun), resembling the distributions measured for other young clusters and associations in the solar neighborhood. The available UVW velocities indicate that the association is expanding, but they do not produce a well-defined kinematic age. Based on their sequences of low-mass stars in color-magnitude diagrams, the 32 Ori association and Upper Centaurus-Lupus/Lower Centaurus-Crux (UCL/LCC) are coeval to within +/-1.2 Myr, and they are younger than the Beta Pic moving group by ~3 Myr, which agrees with results from previous analysis based on the second data release of Gaia. Finally, I have used mid-infrared (IR) photometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer to check for excess emission from circumstellar disks among the 32 Ori candidates. Disks are detected for 18 candidates, half of which are reported for the first time in this work. The fraction of candidates at <=M6 that have full, transitional, or evolved disks is 10/149=0.07+0.03/-0.02, which is consistent with the value for UCL/LCC.
description: The Astronomical Journal, in press
Observation of migrating transverse Anderson localizations of light in nonlocal media
Creators: name: Leonetti, Marco
name: Karbasi, Salman
name: Mafi, Arash
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observation of the interaction and attraction of many localized modes in a two dimensional (2D) system realized by a disordered optical fiber supporting transverse Anderson localization. We show that a nonlocal optically nonlinear response of thermal origin alters the localization length by an amount determined by the optical power and also induces an action at a distance between the localized modes and their spatial migration. Evidence of a collective and strongly interacting regime is given.
A systematic approach for identifying and presenting mechanistic evidence in human health assessments
Creators: name: Guyton, Kathryn Z.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Chiu, Weihsueh A.
name: Kraft, Andrew D.
name: Makris, Susan L.
name: Kushman, Mary E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Clear documentation of literature search and presentation methodologies can improve transparency in chemical hazard assessments. We sought to improve clarity for the scientific support for cancer mechanisms of action using a systematic approach to literature retrieval, selection, and presentation of studies. The general question was “What are the mechanisms by which a chemical may cause carcinogenicity in the target tissue?” Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate was used as a case study chemical with a complex database of >3,000 publications. Relevant mechanistic events were identified from published reviews. The PubMed search strategy included relevant synonyms and wildcards for DEHP and its metabolites, mechanistic events, and species of interest. Tiered exclusion/inclusion criteria for study pertinence were defined, and applied to the retrieved literature. Manual curation was conducted for mechanistic events with large literature databases. Literature trees documented identification and selection of the literature evidence. The selected studies were summarized in evidence tables accompanied by succinct narratives. Primary publications were deposited into the Health and Environmental Research Online (http://hero.epa.gov/) database and identified by pertinence criteria and key terms to permit organized retrieval. This approach contributes to human health assessment by effectively managing a large volume of literature, improving transparency, and facilitating subsequent synthesis of information across studies.
Nadofaragene Firadenovec: First Approval
Creators: name: Lee, Arnold
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 100401 Gene and Molecular Therapy
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Arnold Lee is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract  Nadofaragene firadenovec (nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg; Adstiladrin®) is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy developed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of mesothelioma and high-risk Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Nadofaragene firadenovec constitutes vector DNA that encodes for interferon (IFN)-α2b and is the first approved gene therapy in bladder cancer. The production of IFN-α2b by transfected urothelial cells is associated with anticancer activity, including immunostimulatory, antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects. In December 2022, nadofaragene firadenovec received its first global approval in the USA for the treatment of high-risk BCG-unresponsive NMIBC with carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumours in adults. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of nadofaragene firadenovec leading to this first approval for this indication. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
title: Analysis of interactions of fibroblast growth factor with heparan sulfate in pericellular matrix.
Creators: name: Alotaibi, Faizah
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Communication between cells takes place through the extracellular matrix surrounding and separating each cell. On the local level, growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and morphogens transmit information. It is critical for these proteins to bind to extracellular matrix molecules, especially heparan sulfate, to regulate cell communication. Studies of FGF interaction with heparan sulfate in vitro suggest that FGFs select specific structures in heparan sulfate. Furthermore, the study of FGFs interaction with cells suggests selectivity, as FGFs are distributed heterogeneously within the extracellular matrix. However, there are no data in vivo studies to support these predictions. To achieve this, the APEX peroxidase will be used as a proximity probe, which labels proteins close to a bound FGF. This will be used to determine if enrichment of extracellular proteins exists in the local molecular environment of the FGF. By adding APEX-FGF2 to cells and incubating them with H2O2 and phenyl biotin, a phenyl radical is formed, which will biotinylate molecules within 10-15 nm of the APEX-FGF2.
StraKLIP: A novel pipeline for detection and characterization of close-in faint companions through Karhunen-Loêve Image Processing algorithm
Creators: name: Strampelli, Giovanni M.
name: Pueyo, Laurent
name: Aguilar, Jonathan
name: Aparicio, Antonio
name: Duchêne, Gaspard
name: Robberto, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new pipeline developed to detect and characterize faint astronomical companions at small angular separation from the host star using sets of wide-field imaging observations not specifically designed for High Contrast Imaging analysis. The core of the pipeline relies on Karhunen-Loêve truncated transformation of the reference PSF library to perform PSF subtraction and identify candidates. Tests of reliability of detections and characterization of companions are made through simulation of binaries and generation of Receiver Operating Characteristic curves for false positive/true positive analysis. The algorithm has been successfully tested on large HST/ACS and WFC3 datasets acquired for two HST Treasury Programs on the Orion Nebula Cluster. Based on these extensive numerical experiments we find that, despite being based on methods designed for observations of single star at a time, our pipeline performs very well on mosaic space based data. In fact, we are able to detect brown dwarf-mass companions almost down to the planetary mass limit. The pipeline is able to reliably detect signals at separations as close as $\gtrsim 0.1 "$ with a completeness of $\gtrsim 10\%$, or $\sim 0.2"$ with a completeness of $\sim 30\%$. This approach can potentially be applied to a wide variety of space based imaging surveys, starting with data in the existing HST archive, near-future JWST mosaics, and future wide-field Roman images.
Spectral analysis of 22 radio pulsars using SKA-Low precursor stations
Creators: name: Lee, C. P.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Sokolowski, M.
name: Swainston, N. A.
name: Ung, D.
name: Magro, A.
name: Chiello, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first observational study of pulsars performed with the second-generation precursor stations to the low-frequency component of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA-Low): the Aperture Array Verification System 2 (AAVS2) and the Engineering Development Array 2 (EDA2). Using the SKA-Low stations, we have observed 100 southern-sky pulsars between 70-350 MHz, including follow-up observations at multiple frequencies for a selected sample of bright pulsars. These observations have yielded detections of 22 pulsars, including the lowest-frequency detections ever published for 6 pulsars, despite the modest sensitivity of initial system where the recording bandwidth is limited to ~1 MHz. By comparing simultaneous flux density measurements obtained with the SKA-Low stations and performing rigorous electromagnetic simulations, we verify the accuracy of the SKA-Low sensitivity simulation code presented in Sokolowski et al. (2022). Furthermore, we perform model fits to the radio spectra of the detected pulsars using the method developed by Jankowski et al. (2018), including 9 pulsars which were not fitted in the original work. We robustly classify the spectra into 5 morphological classes and find that all but one pulsar exhibit deviations from simple power-law behaviour. These findings suggest that pulsars with well-determined spectra are more likely to show spectral flattening or turn-over than average. Our work demonstrates how SKA-Low stations can be meaningfully used for scientifically useful measurements and analysis of pulsar radio spectra, which are important inputs for informing pulsar surveys and science planned with the SKA-Low.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in PASA
Improving Physical Activity and Function in Overweight and Obese Older Adults with Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Schlenk, Elizabeth A.
name: Dunbar-Jacob, Jacqueline
name: Sereika, Susan M.
name: Lias, Jennifer L.
name: Kwoh, C. Kent
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Osteoarthritis of the knee, a prevalent condition in older adults, can impact physical function and ability to perform physical activity. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of a 6-month self-efficacy-based, individually delivered, lower-extremity exercise and fitness walking intervention with 6-month follow-up on physical activity and function. The 26 subjects were mostly older (M = 63.2 years, SD = 9.8), White (83%), obese (BMI M = 33.3, SD = 6.0) women (96%). Physical activity was measured by diaries. Physical function was measured by the 6-minute walk, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and WOMAC Physical Function subscale. Exercise self-efficacy was assessed by a questionnaire. Results showed significant increases in self-reported performance of lower-extremity exercise and participation in fitness walking, distance in the 6-minute walk, and SPPB scores from baseline to 6-month follow-up with a trend for improvement in self-efficacy. Results suggest that the intervention was feasible, acceptable, and improved physical activity and function.
Measurement of water colour using AVIRIS imagery to assess the potential for an operational monitoring capability in the Pamlico Sound Estuary, USA
Creators: name: Gallo, Tom
name: Lyon, John G.
name: Buzzelli, Christopher P.
name: Paerl, Hans W.
name: Knight, Joseph F.
name: Streicher, John J.
name: Lunetta, Ross S.
name: Mace, Thomas H.
name: Peierls, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The monitoring of water colour parameters can provide an important diagnostic tool for the assessment of aquatic ecosystem condition. Remote sensing has long been used to effectively monitor chlorophyll concentrations in open ocean systems; however, operational monitoring in coastal and estuarine areas has been limited because of the inherent complexities of coastal systems, and the coarse spectral and spatial resolutions of available satellite systems. Data were collected using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Advanced Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) flown at an altitude of approximately 20000 m to provide hyperspectral imagery and simulate both MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data. AVIRIS data were atmospherically corrected using a radiative transfer modelling approach and analysed using band ratio and linear regression models. Regression analysis was performed with simultaneous field measurements data in the Neuse River Estuary (NRE) and Pamlico Sound on 15 May 2002. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were optimally estimated using AVIRIS bands (9.5 nm) centred at 673.6 and 692.7 nm, resulting in a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98. Concentrations of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Fixed Suspended Solids (FSS) were also estimated, resulting in coefficients of determination of R2=0.90, 0.59 and 0.64, respectively. Ratios of AVIRIS bands centred at or near those corresponding to the MERIS and MODIS sensors indicated that relatively good satellite-based estimates could potentially be derived for water colour constituents at a spatial resolution of 300 and 500 m, respectively.
Mesophase behaviour of binary mixtures of bent-core and calamitic compounds
Creators: name: Cvetinov, M.
name: Obadović, D.
name: Stojanović, M.
name: Lazar, D.
name: Vajda, A.
name: Éber, N.
name: Fodor-Csorba, K.
name: Ristić, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mesophase behaviour of binary mixtures of bent-core and calamitic liquid crystals is presented. The nematogenic 4,6-dichloro-1,3-phenylene bis[4'-(10-undecen-1-yloxy)-1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxylate] (I) was the banana-shaped component. As the calamitic compound ethyl 4'-(9-decen-1-yloxy)-1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxylate (II), similar to one arm of the bent-core molecule, was used which exhibits smectic phases in a wide temperature range. A total of 6 mixtures with different compositions were prepared and studied by polarising optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction on non-oriented samples. In the mixtures a nematic phase is not concomitant with smectic A phase, and the temperature range of both phases highly depends on the concentration of the comprising compounds. Lowered melting temperatures have been observed for all mixtures with respect to that of the pure compounds. Unforeseen finding is the induction of a monotropic SmC phase in mixtures with lowest concentration of the bent-core compound. Semi-empirical quantum-chemical calculations have also been performed. Based on the calculated molecular conformation, as well as on collected X-ray diffraction data, a model for a possible self-assembly of the banana-shaped and calamitic compounds is proposed.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS RELATED TO THE VITAMIN D METABOLISM AND THE SEVERITY OF COVID-19: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL
Creators: name: Da Silva Correa Da Ronda, Carla Regina
name: Moriel, Patricia
name: Visacri, Marília Berlofa
name: Siguemoto, Júlia Tiemi
name: De Carvalho Pincinato, Eder
name: De Souza Nicoletti, Aline
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), responsible for the pandemic declared in early 2020 by World Health Organization. CoVs are enveloped viruses containing a non-segmented positive-sense, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) and pleomorphic capsids. Its name is due to the presence of superficial radial projections (spike proteins) that resemble a crown. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs through inhalation or direct contact with infected droplets. Its incubation period is on average 5-6 days, but can be as long as 14 days. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection can exhibit different symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic cases, mild, and moderate symptoms of the upper respiratory tract, to the condition of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which can lead to multiple organ failure, culminating in death. There have been more than 6 million COVID-19 deaths worldwide. Many efforts have been made to discover molecular biomarkers related to the severity of COVID-19, including genetic biomarkers, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genetic polymorphisms related to the vitamin D metabolism have been studied as risk factors for severe COVID-19. Therefore, we decided to conduct a systematic review of literature to verify if there is association of genetic polymorphisms related to the vitamin D metabolism with severe forms of COVID-19.
Effects of spectral resolution on simple magnetic field diagnostics of the Mg II h & k lines
Creators: name: Centeno, Rebecca
name: Rempel, Matthias
name: Casini, Roberto
name: Aleman, Tanausu del Pino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of finite spectral resolution on the magnetic field values retrieved through the weak field approximation (WFA) from the cores of the Mg II h & k lines. The retrieval of the line-of-sight (LOS) component of the magnetic field, $B_{\rm LOS}$, from synthetic spectra generated in a uniformly magnetized FAL-C atmosphere are accurate when restricted to the inner lobes of Stokes V. As we degrade the spectral resolution, partial redistribution (PRD) effects, that more prominently affect the outer lobes of Stokes V, are brought into the line core through spectral smearing, degrading the accuracy of the WFA and resulting in an inference bias, which is more pronounced the poorer the resolution. When applied to a diverse set of spectra emerging from a sunspot simulation, we find a good accuracy in the retrieved $B_{\rm LOS}$ when comparing it to the model value at the height where the optical depth in the line core is unity. The accuracy is preserved up to field strengths of B~1500 G. Limited spectral resolution results in a small bias toward weaker retrieved fields. The WFA for the transverse component of the magnetic field is also evaluated. Reduced spectral resolution degrades the accuracy of the inferences because spectral mixing results in the line effectively probing deeper layers of the atmosphere.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ