cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Universality in the Neutron Star Three-Hair Relations
Creators: name: Majumder, Barun
name: Yagi, Kent
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No-hair like relations between the multipole moments of the exterior gravitational field of neutron stars have recently been found to be approximately independent of the star's internal structure. This approximate, equation-of-state universality arises after one adimensionalizes the multipole moments appropriately, which then begs the question of whether there are better ways to adimensionalize the moments to obtain stronger universality. We here investigate this question in detail by considering slowly-rotating neutron stars both in the non-relativistic limit and in full General Relativity. We find that there exist normalizations that lead to stronger equation-of-state universality in the relations among the moment of inertia and the quadrupole, octopole and hexadecapole moments of neutron stars. We determine the optimal normalization that minimizes the equation-of-state dependence in these relations. The results found here may have applications in the modeling of X-ray pulses and atomic line profiles from millisecond pulsars with NICER and LOFT.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
(103463) Mary Elizabeth Willway
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Determination of mass of IGR J17091-3624 from "Spectro-Temporal" variations during onset-phase of the 2011 outburst
Creators: name: Iyer, N.
name: Nandi, A.
name: Mandal, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2011 outburst of the black hole candidate IGR J17091-3624 followed the canonical track of state transitions along with the evolution of Quasi-Periodic Oscillation (QPO) frequencies before it began exhibiting various variability classes similar to GRS 1915+105. We use this canonical evolution of spectral and temporal properties to determine the mass of IGR J17091-3624, using three different methods, viz : Photon Index ($Γ$) - QPO frequency ($ν$) correlation, QPO frequency ($ν$) - Time (day) evolution and broadband spectral modelling based on Two Component Advective Flow. We provide a combined mass estimate for the source using a Naive Bayes based joint likelihood approach. This gives a probable mass range of 11.8 M$_{\odot}$ - 13.7 M$_{\odot}$. Considering each individual estimate and taking the lowermost and uppermost bounds among all three methods, we get a mass range of 8.7 M$_{\odot}$ - 15.6 M$_{\odot}$ with 90% confidence. We discuss the probable implications of our findings in the context of two component accretion flow.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures (4 in colour), 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Pathway model of epidural/ spinal anesthesia on maternal morbidity and breastfeeding among healthy nulliparous women:  Secondary analysis of the United States Certificate of Live Births 2016
Creators: name: Hongo, Manami
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: The impact of epidural/ spinal anesthesia during labor on maternal morbidity and breastfeeding have been in debate. Few studies have assessed the pathway mediated by instrumental delivery or emergency caesarean section (medicalized delivery). The aim of this study was to examine the association of epidural/ spinal anesthesia during labor with maternal morbidity and breastfeeding status at discharge using the pathway model through medicalized delivery among healthy nulliparous singleton mothers who gave birth in the hospital.Methods: A secondary, cross-sectional data analysis was conducted using the United States certificates of live births collected by the National Vital Statistics in 2016. Descriptive statistics, adjusted logistic regression, and pathway analysis was used to examine the association between epidural/ spinal anesthesia during labor and maternal morbidity among healthy nulliparous women (Model 1: n=461,911) and the association between anesthesia and breastfeeding status at discharge (Model 2: n=381,199). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the model fit of the pathway models and to quantify the mediation effects of medicalized delivery. Results: Women who were given anesthesia were more likely to experience medicalized delivery (Adjusted Odds Ratio 95% Confidence Interval = 2.78 2.72-2.85), and medicalized delivery increased morbidity (AOR95%CI = 1.57 1.50-1.65). Further, those who were provided anesthesia were less likely to be breastfeeding at discharge (AOR95%CI =0.95 0.92-0.98). Instrumental delivery and emergency cesarean section were also significantly associated with non-breastfeeding at discharge (AOR95%CI =0.81 0.77-0.84 and 0.81 0.79-0.84, respectively). SEM revealed good model fit for both Model 1 and Model 2. As hypothesized, the indirect effects were significant (Model 1: β= 0.066, 95%CI 0.059-0.073, Model 2: β= -0.038, 95%CI -0.043- -0.033), suggesting that the association between anesthesia and morbidity (Model 1) and breastfeeding (Model 2) were each significantly mediated by medicalized delivery.  Total effect in each Model was also significant (Model 1: β= 0.033, 95%CI 0.004-0.062, Model 2: β= -0.038, 95%CI -0.043- -0.033).Conclusions: Epidural/spinal anesthesia has significant indirect and overall total effects on increasing maternal morbidity and non-breastfeeding at discharge, mediated by increased medicalized delivery.
title: 3T multiparametric MRI in differentiating muscular-invasive and non muscular-invasive bladder cancer
Creators: name: Grompone, Marcello Domenico
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Bladder cancer staginghas a drammatical influence on the desease prognosis and the therapeutic pathway. The purpose of the study is to validate the role of multiparametric MRI in differentiating non muscolar-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and...
(103465) Lydia Mary Seaton Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Transient accretion disc-like envelope in the symbiotic binary BF Cygni during its 2006 - 2015 optical outburst
Creators: name: Tomov, N. A.
name: Tomova, M. T.
name: Bisikalo, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical light of the symbiotic binary BF Cygni during its last eruption after 2006 shows orbital variations because of an eclipse of the outbursting compact object. The first orbital minimum is deeper than the following ones. Moreover, the Balmer profiles of this system acquired additional satellite components indicating bipolar collimated outflow at one time between the first and second orbital minima. This behaviour is interpreted in the framework of the model of collimated stellar wind from the outbursting object. It is supposed that one extended disc-like envelope covering the accretion disc of the compact object and collimating its stellar wind forms in the period between the first and second minima. The uneclipsed part of this envelope is responsible for the decrease of the depth of the orbital minimum. The calculated $UBVR_{C}I_{C}$ fluxes of this uneclipsed part are in agreement with the observed residual of the depths of the first and second orbital minima. The parameters of the envelope require that it is the main emitting region of the line H$α$ but the H$α$ profile is less determined from its rotation and mostly from other mechanisms. It is concluded that the envelope is a transient nebular region and its destruction determines the increase of the depth of the orbital minimum with fading of the optical light.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; to be published in Astron. Nachrichten, in press
(103466) Henry McKenzie Ross Clyne
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ancestry-specific associations identified in genome-wide combined-phenotype study of red blood cell traits emphasize benefits of diversity in genomics
Creators: name: Hindorff, L.A.
name: Buyske, S.
name: Lin, D.
name: Tao, R.
name: Loos, R.J.F.
name: North, K.E.
name: Sitlani, C.M.
name: Highland, H.M.
name: Wojcik, G.L.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Baldassari, A.R.
name: Li, Y.
name: Bien, S.A.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Thyagarajan, B.
name: Graff, M.
name: Raffield, L.M.
name: Tang, W.
name: Reiner, A.P.
name: Kooperberg, C.
name: Hodonsky, C.J.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Quantitative red blood cell (RBC) traits are highly polygenic clinically relevant traits, with approximately 500 reported GWAS loci. The majority of RBC trait GWAS have been performed in European- or East Asian-ancestry populations, despite evidence that rare or ancestry-specific variation contributes substantially to RBC trait heritability. Recently developed combined-phenotype methods which leverage genetic trait correlation to improve statistical power have not yet been applied to these traits. Here we leveraged correlation of seven quantitative RBC traits in performing a combined-phenotype analysis in a multi-ethnic study population. Results: We used the adaptive sum of powered scores (aSPU) test to assess combined-phenotype associations between ~ 21 million SNPs and seven RBC traits in a multi-ethnic population (maximum n = 67,885 participants; 24% African American, 30% Hispanic/Latino, and 43% European American; 76% female). Thirty-nine loci in our multi-ethnic population contained at least one significant association signal (p < 5E-9), with lead SNPs at nine loci significantly associated with three or more RBC traits. A majority of the lead SNPs were common (MAF > 5%) across all ancestral populations. Nineteen additional independent association signals were identified at seven known loci (HFE, KIT, HBS1L/MYB, CITED2/FILNC1, ABO, HBA1/2, and PLIN4/5). For example, the HBA1/2 locus contained 14 conditionally independent association signals, 11 of which were previously unreported and are specific to African and Amerindian ancestries. One variant in this region was common in all ancestries, but exhibited a narrower LD block in African Americans than European Americans or Hispanics/Latinos. GTEx eQTL analysis of all independent lead SNPs yielded 31 significant associations in relevant tissues, over half of which were not at the gene immediately proximal to the lead SNP. Conclusion: This work identified seven loci containing multiple independent association signals for RBC traits using a combined-phenotype approach, which may improve discovery in genetically correlated traits. Highly complex genetic architecture at the HBA1/2 locus was only revealed by the inclusion of African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos, underscoring the continued importance of expanding large GWAS to include ancestrally diverse populations. © 2020 The Author(s).
The SU(N) Casson-Lin invariants for links
Creators: name: Boden, Hans U.
name: Harper, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 20C15

description: We introduce the $SU(N)$ Casson-Lin invariants for links $L$ in $S^3$ with more than one component. Writing $L = \ell_1 \cup \cdots \cup \ell_n$, we require as input an $n$-tuple $(a_1,\ldots, a_n) \in {\mathbb Z}^n$ of labels, where $a_j$ is associated with $\ell_j$. The $SU(N)$ Casson-Lin invariant, denoted $h_{N,a}(L)$, gives an algebraic count of certain projective $SU(N)$ representations of the link group $π_1(S^3 \smallsetminus L)$, and the family $h_{N,a}$ of link invariants gives a natural extension of the $SU(2)$ Casson-Lin invariant, which was defined for knots by X.-S. Lin and for 2-component links by Harper and Saveliev. We compute the invariants for the Hopf link and more generally for chain links, and we show that, under mild conditions on the labels $(a_1, \ldots, a_n)$, the invariants $h_{N,a}(L)$ vanish whenever $L$ is a split link.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures. Revised to clarify relationship between geometric braids and the automorphisms they induce on the free group
Vertex algebras associated to abelian current algebras
Creators: name: Yang, Jinwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69, 17B65

description: We construct a family of vertex algebras associated to the current algebra of finite-dimensional abelian Lie algebras along with their modules and logarithmic modules. We show this family of vertex algebras and their modules are quasi-conformal and strongly $\N$-graded and verify convergence and extension property needed in the logarithmic tensor category theory for strongly graded logarithmic modules developed by Huang, Lepowsky and Zhang.
description: 24 pages, Comments are very welcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:math/0206206, arXiv:1012.4193 by other authors
Zero-one law for directional transience of one-dimensional random walks in dynamic random environments
Creators: name: Orenshtein, Tal
name: Santos, Renato Soares dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60F20, 60K37, Secondary 82B41, 82C44

description: We prove the trichotomy between transience to the right, transience to the left and recurrence of one-dimensional nearest-neighbour random walks in dynamic random environments under fairly general assumptions, namely: stationarity under space-time translations, ergodicity under spatial translations, and a mild ellipticity condition. In particular, the result applies to general uniformly elliptic models and also to a large class of non-uniformly elliptic cases that are i.i.d. in space and Markovian in time. An immediate consequence is the recurrence of models that are symmetric with respect to reflection through the origin.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. Added Corollary 2.2
title: Quantitative assessment of hyperacute cerebral infarction with intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: initial experience in a canine stroke model
Creators: name: Lu, Shanshan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Advanced imaging is taking an increasingly important role in the initial evaluation of acute stroke, of which perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging techniques are the most well established (1).Many perfusion imaging techniques have been used in...
title: Patients knowledge about ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Joao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: Radiographers
subject: Management
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: With the evolution of imaging techniques, the influx of patients to radiology departmens for performing diagnostic examinations has been increasing. The technological development allows a better diagnosis in a short time, but also has consequences...
Adipose Tissue Gene Expression Associations Reveal Hundreds of Candidate Genes for Cardiometabolic Traits
Creators: name: Collins, F.S.
name: Narisu, N.
name: Brotman, S.M.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Kidd, J.C.
name: Boehnke, M.
name: Locke, A.E.
name: Lusis, A.J.
name: Currin, K.W.
name: Scott, L.J.
name: Civelek, M.
name: Jackson, A.U.
name: Mohlke, K.L.
name: Welch, R.P.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Pajukanta, P.
name: Fuchsberger, C.
name: Kuusisto, J.
name: Furey, T.S.
name: Spracklen, C.N.
name: Laakso, M.
name: Cannon, M.E.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Stringham, H.M.
name: Raulerson, C.K.
name: Ko, A.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2019

description: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified thousands of genetic loci associated with cardiometabolic traits including type 2 diabetes (T2D), lipid levels, body fat distribution, and adiposity, although most causal genes remain unknown. We used subcutaneous adipose tissue RNA-seq data from 434 Finnish men from the METSIM study to identify 9,687 primary and 2,785 secondary cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL; <1 Mb from TSS, FDR < 1%). Compared to primary eQTL signals, secondary eQTL signals were located further from transcription start sites, had smaller effect sizes, and were less enriched in adipose tissue regulatory elements compared to primary signals. Among 2,843 cardiometabolic GWAS signals, 262 colocalized by LD and conditional analysis with 318 transcripts as primary and conditionally distinct secondary cis-eQTLs, including some across ancestries. Of cardiometabolic traits examined for adipose tissue eQTL colocalizations, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and circulating lipid traits had the highest percentage of colocalized eQTLs (15% and 14%, respectively). Among alleles associated with increased cardiometabolic GWAS risk, approximately half (53%) were associated with decreased gene expression level. Mediation analyses of colocalized genes and cardiometabolic traits within the 434 individuals provided further evidence that gene expression influences variant-trait associations. These results identify hundreds of candidate genes that may act in adipose tissue to influence cardiometabolic traits. © 2019 American Society of Human Genetics
(103467) Rosalie H Riddick Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Exposure to effluent from pharmaceutical industry induced cytogenotoxicity, hematological and histopathological alterations in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Creators: name: Alimba, Chibuisi G.
name: Adekoya, Khalid O.
name: Soyinka, Olufemi O.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Acute toxicity
subject: African catfish
subject: Hematology
subject: Histopathology
subject: Micronucleus assay
subject: Untreated pharmaceutical effluent
subject: 610

description: Pharmaceutical effluents contain toxic xenobiotics capable of contaminating aquatic environments. Untreated effluents are illegally discharged into aquatic environment in most developing countries. Pharmaceutical effluent induced alterations in biomarkers of genetic and systemic damage on rodents. However, information is relatively scarce on the possible cytogenotoxicity and systemic toxicity of this effluent on aquatic ertebrates. The study herein assessed the cytogenotoxic, hematological and histopathological alterations induced by pharmaceutical effluent in Clarias gariepinus. 96 h acute toxicity of the effluent was determined after C. gariepinus was exposed to six different concentrations (10 - 60 %) of the effluent. Subsequently, fish was exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (2.18 - 17.41 %) obtained from the 96 h LC50 for 7 and 14 days after which micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NAs) in peripheral erythrocytes were assessed as cytogenotoxic biomarkers, alterations in hematological indices and histopathological lesions were also examined. Fish, concurrently exposed to dechlorinated tap water and benzene (0.01 mL/L), served as negative and positive controls respectively. The derived 96 h LC50 of 17.41 % which was 1.89 times more toxic than the 24 h LC50 (32.95 %) showed that the effluent induced concentration-dependent mortality according to exposure duration. The effluent caused significant (p<0.05) time-dependent increase in the frequency of MN and abnormal nuclear erythrocytes compared to the negative control. Also, there was decrease in total erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit concentrations and increase in leucocyte and lymphocyte counts. The effluent induced pathological lesions on gills, liver and kidneys of treated fish. Higher physicochemical parameters than standard permissible limits in the effluent are capable of inducing genomic instability and systemic damage in fish. Pharmaceutical effluent can increase micropollutants in aquatic environmental and health risks to aquatic biota. There is need to promulgate stringent laws against illegal discharge of effluents into aquatic environment.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
title: Histological type of cervical cancer: can it be evaluated with mpMRI
Creators: name: Tarachkova, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Cervical cancer (CC) isan important health issue among women of reproductive age [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. 70–80 % of patients with invasive CC are diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma; 10–20 % are diagnosed with adenocarcinoma...
title: Renal angiomyolipoma: effects of selective arterial embolisation on glomerular filtration rate
Creators: name: Kim, Sanghun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Selective arterial embolization (SAE) is a surgery-sparing treatment for renal angiomyolipoma (AML). However, limited data are available on the effects of SAE on glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Further, the outcomes of contrast exposure on GFR...
Genetics of chronic kidney disease stages across ancestries: The PAGE study
Creators: name: Heiss, G.
name: Graff, M.
name: Setiawan, V. Wendy
name: Lin, B.M.
name: Kooperberg, C.
name: Carlson, C.S.
name: Matise, T.C.
name: Buyske, S.
name: Wilkens, L.R.
name: Franceschini, N.
name: Ambite, J.L.
name: Tao, R.
name: Morris, A.P.
name: North, K.E.
name: Nadkarni, G.N.
name: Boerwinkle, E.
name: Loos, R.J.F.
name: Wassel, C.L.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Lani Park, S.
name: Highland, H.M.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and disproportionally burdens United States ethnic minorities. Its genetic determinants may differ by disease severity and clinical stages. To uncover genetic factors associated CKD severity among high-risk ethnic groups, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in diverse populations within the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study. Methods: We assembled multi-ethnic genome-wide imputed data on CKD non-overlapping cases [4,150 mild to moderate CKD, 1,105 end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)] and non-CKD controls for up to 41,041 PAGE participants (African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, East Asian, Native Hawaiian, and American Indians). We implemented a generalized estimating equation approach for GWAS using ancestry combined data while adjusting for age, sex, principal components, study, and ethnicity. Results: The GWAS identified a novel genome-wide associated locus for mild to moderate CKD nearby NMT2 (rs10906850, p = 3.7 × 10-8) that replicated in the United Kingdom Biobank white British (p = 0.008). Several variants at the APOL1 locus were associated with ESKD including the APOL1 G1 rs73885319 (p = 1.2 × 10-9). There was no overlap among associated loci for CKD and ESKD traits, even at the previously reported APOL1 locus (p = 0.76 for CKD). Several additional loci were associated with CKD or ESKD at p-values below the genome-wide threshold. These loci were often driven by variants more common in non-European ancestry. Conclusion: Our genetic study identified a novel association at NMT2 for CKD and showed for the first time strong associations of the APOL1 variants with ESKD across multi-ethnic populations. Our findings suggest differences in genetic effects across CKD severity and provide information for study design of genetic studies of CKD in diverse populations. Copyright © 2019 Lin, Nadkarni, Tao, Graff, Fornage, Buyske, Matise, Highland, Wilkens, Carlson, Park, Setiawan, Ambite, Heiss, Boerwinkle, Lin, Morris, Loos, Kooperberg, North, Wassel and Franceschini. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
title: Trans-rectal- ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy with MRI-TRUS fusion: feasibility study using a multipurpose magnetic tracking system
Creators: name: Bizzarri, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) represents a breakthrough in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer with a sensitivity and specificity dramatically superior to TRUS [1-2-3]. Notwithstanding the accuracy of mpMRI, prostate biopsy is still...
Second exposure to acetaminophen overdose is associated with liver fibrosis in mice
Creators: name: AlWahsh, Mohammad
name: Othman, Amnah
name: Hamadneh, Lama
name: Telfah, Ahmad
name: Lambert, Jörg
name: Hikmat, Suhair
name: Alassi, Amin
name: El Zahraa Mohamed, Fatma
name: Hergenröder, Roland
name: Al-Qirim, Tariq
name: Dooley, Steven
name: Hammad, Seddik
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: APAP
subject: Metabolic profiling
subject: Adaptation
subject: 610

description: Repeated administration of hepatotoxicants is usually accompanied by liver fibrosis. However, the difference in response as a result of repeated exposures of acetaminophen (APAP) compared to a single dose is not well-studied. Therefore, in the current study, the liver response after a second dose of APAP was investigated. Adult fasted Balb/C mice were exposed to two toxic doses of 300 mg/kg APAP, which were administered 72 h apart from each other. Subsequently, blood and liver from the treated mice were collected 24 h and 72 h after both APAP administrations. Liver transaminase, i.e. alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) levels revealed that the fulminant liver damage was reduced after the second APAP administration compared to that observed at the same time point after the first treatment. These results correlated with the necrotic areas as indicated by histological analyses. Surprisingly, Picro Sirius Red (PSR) staining showed that the accumulation of extracellular matrix after the second dose coincides with the upregulation of some fibrogenic signatures, e.g., alpha smooth muscle actin. Non-targeted liver tissue metabolic profiling indicates that most alterations occur 24 h after the first dose of APAP. However, the levels of most metabolites recover to basal values over time. This organ adaptation process is also confirmed by the upregulation of antioxidative systems like e.g. superoxide dismutase and catalase. From the results, it can be concluded that there is a different response of the liver to APAP toxic doses, if the liver has already been exposed to APAP. A necroinflammatory process followed by a liver regeneration was observed after the first APAP exposure. However, fibrogenesis through the accumulation of extracellular matrix is observed after a second challenge. Therefore, further studies are required to mechanistically understand the so called “liver memory”.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
LLM-Mediated Domain-Specific Voice Agents: The Case of TextileBot
Creators: name: Zhong, Shu
name: Gatti, Elia
name: Hardwick, James
name: Ribul, Miriam
name: Cho, Youngjun
name: Obrist, Marianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Developing domain-specific conversational agents (CAs) has been challenged by the need for extensive domain-focused data. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) make them a viable option as a knowledge backbone. LLMs behaviour can be enhanced through prompting, instructing them to perform downstream tasks in a zero-shot fashion (i.e. without training). To this end, we incorporated structural knowledge into prompts and used prompted LLMs to prototyping domain-specific CAs. We demonstrate a case study in a specific domain-textile circularity - TextileBot, we present the design, development, and evaluation of the TextileBot. Specially, we conducted an in-person user study (N=30) with Free Chat and Information-Gathering tasks with TextileBots to gather insights from the interaction. We analyse the human-agent interactions, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Our results suggest that participants engaged in multi-turn conversations, and their perceptions of the three variation agents and respective interactions varied demonstrating the effectiveness of our prompt-based LLM approach. We discuss the dynamics of these interactions and their implications for designing future voice-based CAs.
description: Published at Behaviour and Information Technology Journal
Drift wave stabilized by an additional streaming ion or plasma population
Creators: name: Bashir, M. F.
name: Vranjes, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the universally unstable kinetic drift wave in an electron-ion plasma can very effectively be suppressed by adding an extra flowing ion (or plasma) population. The effect of the flow of the added ions is essential, their response is of the type (vph-vf0) exp[-(vph-vf0)^2], where vf0 is the flow speed and vph phase speed parallel to the magnetic field vector. The damping is strong and it is mainly due to this ion exponential term, and this remains so for vf0 < vph.
(103460) Harold Wentworth Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Value of low-dose ECG cardiac gating for the assessment of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism
Creators: name: Schaefer, Julia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Emergency
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Acute

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is the main predictor of short-term mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) [1]. Patients presenting with RVD require intensified monitoring and medical treatment [2]. To improve their...
Electronic band gaps and transport properties in periodically alternating mono- and bi-layer graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Fan, Xiong
name: Huang, Wenjun
name: Ma, Tianxing
name: Wang, Li-Gang
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic band structure and transport properties of periodically alternating mono- and bi-layer graphene superlattices (MBLG SLs). In such MBLG SLs, there exists a zero-averaged wave vector (zero-$\overline{k}$) gap that is insensitive to the lattice constant. This zero-$\overline{k}$ gap can be controlled by changing both the ratio of the potential widths and the interlayer coupling coefficient of the bilayer graphene. We also show that there exist extra Dirac points; the conditions for these extra Dirac points are presented analytically. Lastly, we demonstrate that the electronic transport properties and the energy gap of the first two bands in MBLG SLs are tunable through adjustment of the interlayer coupling and the width ratio of the periodic mono- and bi-layer graphene.
description: More discussion is added and the English is polished. Accepted for publication in EPL
Trans-ethnic analysis of metabochip data identifies two new loci associated with BMI
Creators: name: Cheng, I.
name: Gu, C.C.
name: Daviglus, M.
name: Tao, R.
name: Crawford, D.C.
name: Peters, U.
name: Isasi, C.R.
name: Monroe, K.R.
name: Le Marchand, L.
name: Lu, Y.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Kooperberg, C.
name: Stram, D.O.
name: North, K.E.
name: Gross, M.
name: Bush, W.S.
name: Gong, J.
name: Nishimura, K.K.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Ehret, G.
name: Haessler, J.
name: Kuller, L.
name: Hindorff, L.A.
name: Haiman, C.A.
name: Matise, T.C.
name: Cooper, R.
name: Bottinger, E.P.
name: Lewis, C.E.
name: Park, L.
name: Nguyen, K.-D.H.
name: Farber-Eger, E.
name: Leppert, M.
name: Carlson, C.S.
name: Goodloe, R.
name: Boston, J.
name: Bien, S.
name: Wilkens, L.R.
name: Loos, R.J.F.
name: Irvin, M.R.
name: Houston, D.
name: Jackson, R.
name: Buzkova, P.
name: Graff, M.
name: Buyske, S.
name: Lim, U.
name: Fernandez-Rhodes, L.
name: Dilks, H.H.
name: Yoneyama, S.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Objective:Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to assess obesity, which is associated with numerous diseases and negative health outcomes. BMI has been shown to be a heritable, polygenic trait, with close to 100 loci previously identified and replicated in multiple populations. We aim to replicate known BMI loci and identify novel associations in a trans-ethnic study population.Subjects:Using eligible participants from the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology consortium, we conducted a trans-ethnic meta-analysis of 102 514 African Americans, Hispanics, Asian/Native Hawaiian, Native Americans and European Americans. Participants were genotyped on over 200 000 SNPs on the Illumina Metabochip custom array, or imputed into the 1000 Genomes Project (Phase I). Linear regression of the natural log of BMI, adjusting for age, sex, study site (if applicable), and ancestry principal components, was conducted for each race/ethnicity within each study cohort. Race/ethnicity-specific, and combined meta-analyses used fixed-effects models.Results:We replicated 15 of 21 BMI loci included on the Metabochip, and identified two novel BMI loci at 1q41 (rs2820436) and 2q31.1 (rs10930502) at the Metabochip-wide significance threshold (P<2.5 × 10 ' 7). Bioinformatic functional investigation of SNPs at these loci suggests a possible impact on pathways that regulate metabolism and adipose tissue.Conclusion:Conducting studies in genetically diverse populations continues to be a valuable strategy for replicating known loci and uncovering novel BMI associations. © 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature All rights reserved.
Association of biofilm formation and cytotoxic potential with multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Creators: name: Awan, Asad Bashir
name: Schiebel, Juliane
name: Böhm, Alexander
name: Nitschke, Jörg
name: Sarwar, Yasra
name: Schierack, Peter
name: Ali, Aamir
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
subject: Multidrug resistance
subject: Biofilm
subject: Cytotoxicity
subject: VideoScan technology
subject: 610

description: Multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa having strong biofilm potential and virulence factors are a serious threat for hospitalized patients having compromised immunity. In this study, 34 P. aeruginosa isolates of human origin (17 MDR and 17 non-MDR clinical isolates) were checked for biofilm formation potential in enriched and minimal media. The biofilms were detected using crystal violet method and a modified software package of the automated VideoScan screening method. Cytotoxic potential of the isolates was also investigated on HepG2, LoVo and T24 cell lines using automated VideoScan technology. Pulse field gel electrophoresis revealed 10 PFGE types in MDR and 8 in non-MDR isolates. Although all isolates showed biofilm formation potential, strong biofilm formation was found more in enriched media than in minimal media. Eight MDR isolates showed strong biofilm potential in both enriched and minimal media by both detection methods. Strong direct correlation between crystal violet and VideoScan methods was observed in identifying strong biofilm forming isolates. High cytotoxic effect was observed by 4 isolates in all cell lines used while 6 other isolates showed high cytotoxic effect on T24 cell line only. Strong association of multidrug resistance was found with biofilm formation as strong biofilms were observed significantly higher in MDR isolates (p-value < 0.05) than non-MDR isolates. No significant association of cytotoxic potential with multidrug resistance or biofilm formation was found (p-value > 0.05). The MDR isolates showing significant cytotoxic effects and strong biofilm formation impose a serious threat for hospitalized patients with weak immune system.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Is poisoning a real threat to LLM alignment? Maybe more so than you think
Creators: name: Pathmanathan, Pankayaraj
name: Chakraborty, Souradip
name: Liu, Xiangyu
name: Liang, Yongyuan
name: Huang, Furong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) have significantly impacted the alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs). The sensitivity of reinforcement learning algorithms such as Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) has led to new line work on Direct Policy Optimization (DPO), which treats RLHF in a supervised learning framework. The increased practical use of these RLHF methods warrants an analysis of their vulnerabilities. In this work, we investigate the vulnerabilities of DPO to poisoning attacks under different scenarios and compare the effectiveness of preference poisoning, a first of its kind. We comprehensively analyze DPO's vulnerabilities under different types of attacks, i.e., backdoor and non-backdoor attacks, and different poisoning methods across a wide array of language models, i.e., LLama 7B, Mistral 7B, and Gemma 7B. We find that unlike PPO-based methods, which, when it comes to backdoor attacks, require at least 4\% of the data to be poisoned to elicit harmful behavior, we exploit the true vulnerabilities of DPO more simply so we can poison the model with only as much as 0.5\% of the data. We further investigate the potential reasons behind the vulnerability and how well this vulnerability translates into backdoor vs non-backdoor attacks.
Robust Data Detection for the Photon-Counting Free-Space Optical System with Implicit CSI Acquisition and Background Radiation Compensation
Creators: name: Song, Tianyu
name: Kam, Pooi-Yuen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors cause signal intensity fluctuations and the background radiation surrounding the free-space optical (FSO) receiver contributes an undesired noisy component, the receiver requires accurate channel state information (CSI) and background information to adjust the detection threshold. In most previous studies, for CSI acquisition, pilot symbols were employed, which leads to a reduction of spectral and energy efficiency; and an impractical assumption that the background radiation component is perfectly known was made. In this paper, we develop an efficient and robust sequence receiver, which acquires the CSI and the background information implicitly and requires no knowledge about the channel model information. It is robust since it can automatically estimate the CSI and background component and detect the data sequence accordingly. Its decision metric has a simple form and involves no integrals, and thus can be easily evaluated. A Viterbi-type trellis-search algorithm is adopted to improve the search efficiency, and a selective-store strategy is adopted to overcome a potential error floor problem as well as to increase the memory efficiency. To further simplify the receiver, a decision-feedback symbol-by-symbol receiver is proposed as an approximation of the sequence receiver. By simulations and theoretical analysis, we show that the performance of both the sequence receiver and the symbol-by-symbol receiver, approach that of detection with perfect knowledge of the CSI and background radiation, as the length of the window for forming the decision metric increases.
description: 11pages
title: Brain gliomas recurrence imaging after chemoradiation therapy
Creators: name: Smirnova, Alina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Gamma knife
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Radiotherapy at the present stage provides a wide range of possibilities of glial brain tumors treatment. Subsequent interpretation of dynamic changes which are difficult. The present study assessed structural MRI of all possible options...
First identification of periodic degassing rhythms in three mineral springs of the East Eifel Volcanic Field (EEVF, Germany)
Creators: name: Berberich, Gabriele M.
name: Wöhler, Christian
name: Berberich, Martin B.
name: Ellison, Aaron M.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 620
subject: Erdbeben
subject: Erdbeben, Prognose
subject: Gasanalyse

description: We present a geochemical dataset acquired during continual sampling over 7 months (bi-weekly) and 4 weeks (every 8 h) in the Neuwied Basin, a part of the East Eifel Volcanic Field (EEVF, Germany). We used a combination of geochemical, geophysical, and statistical methods to describe and identify potential causal processes underlying the correlations of degassing patterns of CO2, He, Rn, and tectonic processes in three investigated mineral springs (Nette, Kärlich and Kobern). We provide for the first time, temporal analyses of periodic degassing patterns (1 day and 2–6 days) in springs. The temporal fluctuations in cyclic behavior of 4–5 days that we recorded had not been observed previously but may be attributed to a fundamental change in either gas source processes, subsequent gas transport to the surface, or the influence of volcano–tectonic earthquakes. Periods observed at 10 and 15 days may be related to discharge pulses of magma in the same periodic rhythm. We report the potential hint that deep low-frequency (DLF) earthquakes might actively modulate degassing. Temporal analyses of the CO2–He and CO2–Rn couples indicate that all springs are interlinked by previously unknown fault systems. The volcanic activity in the EEVF is dormant but not extinct. To understand and monitor its magmatic and degassing systems in relation to new developments in DLF-earthquakes and magmatic recharging processes and to identify seasonal variation in gas flux, we recommend continual monitoring of geogenic gases in all available springs taken at short temporal intervals.
description: Geosciences;