cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gender and the Network Structures of Social Capital in Professional-Client Relationships
Creators: name: Suseno, Yuliani
name: Pinnington, Ashly H.
name: Gardner, Dr. John
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Recent studies in industrialized economies document a shift in gender composition of the labor market. They report an increase in the amount of women entering the labor force and in the number securing toplevel positions in organizations (Jacobs, 1992; Kanter, 1977; Reskin & Roos, 1990). In professional labor markets, organizations' efforts to hire and promote women to senior ranks have assisted gender equality, but top-ranking male professionals still outnumber women professionals across many high-status professional sectors. This social phenomenon prevails in most professions and organizational forms, including professional service firms. Gender stratification, for example, within the legal profession is very apparent, producing income differences that are more substantial than that exists in the total labor force (Hagan, 1990). This paper proposes using social capital theory to examine the influences of gender in professional service firms. Moving beyond the intra-organizational perspective, we argue for the significance of network structures that extend across organizational boundaries. We focus specifically on gender differences in network relationships with clients and on the structural nature of the professional's social capital. We advance four propositions for future research on how individuals' network structures influence the attainment of higher income and status position in the firm. Finally, we make some suggestions on what individuals and professional service firms can do to promote more gender equality.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)
Optical beam diagnostics at ESR and beyond
Creators: name: Birkl, G.
name: Bussmann, M.
name: Huang, Z. K.
name: Ma, X.
name: Murböck, T.
name: Wen, W.
name: Winters, D.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Heats of formation of perchloric acid, HClO$_4$, and perchloric anhydride, Cl$_2$O$_7$. Probing the limits of W1 and W2 theory
Creators: name: Martin, Jan M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heats of formation of HClO$_4$ and Cl$_2$O$_7$ have been determined to chemical accuracy for the first time by means of W1 and W2 theory. These molecules exhibit particularly severe degrees of inner polarization, and as such obtaining a basis-set limit SCF component to the total atomization energy becomes a challenge. (Adding high-exponent $d$ functions to a standard $spd$ basis set has an effect on the order of 100 kcal/mol for Cl$_2$O$_7$.) Wilson's aug-cc-pV(n+d)Z basis sets represent a dramatic improvement over the standard aug-cc-pVnZ basis sets, while the aug-cc-pVnZ+2d1f sequence converges still more rapidly. Jensen's polarization consistent basis sets still require additional high-exponent $d$ functions: for smooth convergence we suggest the \{aug-pc1+3d,aug-pc2+2d,aug-pc3+d,aug-pc4\} sequence. The role of the tight $d$ functions is shown to be an improved description of the Cl (3d) Rydberg orbital, enhancing its ability to receive back-bonding from the oxygen lone pairs. In problematic cases like this (or indeed in general), a single SCF/aug-cc-pV6Z+2d1f calculation may be preferable over empirically motivated extrapolations. Our best estimate heats of formation are $ΔH^\circ_{f,298}[$HClO$_4$(g)$]=-0.6\pm$1 kcal/mol and $ΔH^\circ_{f,298}[$Cl$_2$O$_7$(g)$]=65.9\pm$2 kcal/mol, the largest source of uncertainty being our inability to account for post-CCSD(T) correlation effects. While G2 and G3 theory have fairly large errors, G3X theory reproduces both values to within 2 kcal/mol.
description: J. Mol. Struct. (THEOCHEM), in press (WATOC'05 special issue)
Performance of the ESR kicker magnet during E082
Creators: name: Piotrowski, J.
name: Chen, X.
name: Litvinov, Y.
name: Sanjari, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Amphiuma means Garden
Creators: name: Pyron, R. Alexander
name: Beamer, David A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Caudata
Amphiumidae
Amphiuma
Amphiuma means

description: Amphiuma means Garden in Smith, 1821
Holbrook (1842e:89, pl. 30) provided an in-depth account of the Two-toed Amphiuma, along with a life-like illustration by Thomas M. Logan, M.D. (Fig. 11). Holbrook presented a detailed account of its anatomy, as well as citing numerous other observations and descriptions of its habits from other authors. The MCZ catalog records three specimens collected by Holbrook in South Carolina, donated by Agassiz on 19 October 1862 (Table 1). These were not present in the collection during our visit, and their location and disposition is unknown. Two Holbrook specimens (ANSP 460–461) are extant in Philadelphia, which appear to be the specimens on which his account is based. One (ANSP 461) is completely dissected abdominally, though he did not report on his own observations of internal anatomy. The other (ANSP 460) has a dissection of the lower jaw, facilitating his description of oral morphology. This specimen roughly matches the measurements given in the account, as well as the proportions and orientation of Logan’s drawing. We suggest that ANSP 460 is the specimen illustrated in pl. 30 (Fig. 12), which the ANSP catalog records from “ South Carolina.”
description: Published as part of Pyron, R. Alexander & Beamer, David A., 2022, A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook's North American Herpetology, pp. 151-196 in Zootaxa 5134 (2) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6534805
The effect of Cu on phase transformation kinetics in low-carbon steels
Creators: name: Dilney, Shaun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The production of steel through recycling is a global industry dependent upon available scrap steel from a variety of sources including automobiles and steel structures. The constant recycling of steel has resulted in an increase in levels of residual elements, Sn, As, Cu, etc., that cannot be removed by economical means. To avoid processing difficulties associated with steel scrap containing high residuals electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmakers pay a high price for low residual scrap. The ability to process scrap containing high levels of residual elements, specifically Cu, would be very advantageous. In addition to the economic feasibility of processing scrap with high Cu content, there are also improvements in properties to be had by alloying with Cu. Currently, high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels containing Cu are used for specific applications, e.g. shipbuilding, and pipelines in Arctic environments, due to their high strength and corrosion resistance as compared to ordinary HSLA steels. Processing of Cu-bearing steels to produce steel strip and plate requires extensive knowledge on the effect of Cu content, cooling rate, and austenite grain size will have on phase transformation kinetics, resulting microstructure, and mechanical properties. This work investigates the role that each of these variables plays in the processing of low-carbon steel strip and plate under simulated industrial conditions. Further, the role of Cu on phase transformation kinetics is investigated using semi-empirical and fundamentally based models.
Surface terms in effective action of O-plane at order $α'^2$
Creators: name: Akou, Yasser
name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective action of string theory has both bulk and boundary terms if the spacetime is an open manifold. Recently, the known classical effective action of string theory at the leading order of $α'$ and its corresponding boundary action have been reproduced by constraining the effective actions to be invariant under gauge transformations and under string duality transformations. In this paper, we use this idea to find the classical effective action of the O-plane and its corresponding boundary terms in type II superstring theories at order $α'^2$ and for NS-NS couplings. We find that these constraints fix the bulk action and its corresponding boundary terms up to one overall factor. They also produce three multiplets in the boundary action that their coefficients are independent of the bulk couplings under the string dualities.
description: 37 pages, Latex file, no figure; v2:some typos corrected, it appears in EPJC
Objektrekonstruktion in der Mikrowellen- Defektoskopie
Creators: name: Gagelmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Bei der Defektoskopie mit Mikrowellen existiert bei der Wahl der Messfrequenz ein Interessenskonflikt. Wählt man eine hohe Messfrequenz, wie z. B. 300 GHz, treten aufgrund der kleinen Wellenlänge kaum Störeffekte durch Beugungserscheinungen auf. Allerdings erreichen die hochfrequenten Mikrowellen wegen der hohen Dämpfung oft nur geringe Eindringtiefen von wenigen Millimetern. Bei niedrigen Messfrequenzen, wie die in dieser Arbeit genutzten 24 GHz, können größere Eindringtiefen erreicht werden. Allerdings treten auch vermehrt Beugungserscheinungen in den Messbildern auf. Diese Beugungseffekte können kleine Defekte, insbesondere in der Nähe der Randbereiche des Prüfobjekts, überlagern und ihre Erkennung erschweren. In dieser Arbeit wird die Eignung eines aus der Optik bekannten Bildverarbeitungsverfahrens für die Mikrowellen-Defektoskopie untersucht, bei dem das gemessene Defektbild im Frequenzbereich mit einer Punktspreizfunktion (PSF) entfaltet wird. Ziel dieser Entfaltung ist es, die Beugungserscheinungen nachträglich aus dem Defektbild zu entfernen und gleichzeitig die tatsächliche Größe des Defektes zu rekonstruieren. Dazu muss zunächst eine für ein bestimmtes Messszenario passende PSF ermittelt werden. In dieser Arbeit werden daher drei Methoden der messtechnischen Bestimmung einer passenden PSF getestet. Außerdem wird der Einfluss untersucht, den die Geometrie, das Material und die Tiefenlage eines Defekts auf das Beugungsmuster und damit auch auf die PSF haben. Es wird eine parametrierbare Funktion vorgestellt, mit der sich eine für bestimmte Messszenarien passende PSF künstlich nachbilden lässt. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse werden durch FEM-Simulationen unterstützt. Zusätzlich wird untersucht, ob die im Messsystem vorhandene offene Hohlleiterantenne mit einer Stielstrahlerantenne getauscht werden kann, um die Ortsauflösung und die Symmetrie des Antennen-Footprints zu verbessern.
Perturbed Self-Similar Massless Scalar Field in the Spacetimes with Circular Symmetry in 2+1 Gravity
Creators: name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: da Rocha, Jaime F. Villas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this work the study of the linear perturbations of the 2+1-dimensional circularly symmetric solution, obtained in a previous work, with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind. We have obtained an exact solution for the perturbation equations and the possible perturbation modes. We have shown that the background solution is a stable solution.
description: no figures
Deceleration of ions in the HITRAP facility
Creators: name: Andelkovic, Z.
name: Fedotova, S.
name: Herfurth, F.
name: Kotovskiy, N.
name: Maaß, B.
name: Neidherr, D.
name: Steinmann, J.
name: Votobyev, G.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Integrability for Feynman Integrals
Creators: name: Loebbert, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief overview of the Yangian symmetry of Feynman integrals. After a short introduction to the Yangian and integrability, we motivate the emergence of integrable structures for Feynman integrals via the fishnet limit of AdS/CFT. We discuss the resulting Yangian differential equations for massless fishnets in four dimensions as well as generalizations to massive propagators and generic dimensions. We also comment on the relation to momentum space conformal symmetry and on examples in dimensional regularization. Finally we sketch the recent application to fishnet integrals in two spacetime dimensions and the curious identification of Yangian invariants with period integrals of Calabi-Yau geometries.
description: 15 pages, Plenary talk at GROUP34 - The 34th International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics, 18-22 July 2022, Strasbourg, France. Submitted to Scipost Proceedings. v2: references added
Entrepreneurial Skills in Academia: A Curriculum for Teaching Proposal Writing to Female Graduate Students
Creators: name: Selber, Katherine
name: Selber, William B.
name: Freeman, Dexter
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: This article addresses the development of entrepreneurial skills in academic and human service settings by reporting on a curriculum for teaching proposal writing for funded research and program development grants. The article includes a review of current challenges in preparing primarily female graduate students with skills needed for grant seeking in their careers in human services. A description of the proposal writing curriculum, teaching methodologies used, and outcomes obtained during the past six offerings of the course are described. In addition, preliminary evaluation data from a survey of a nonrandom sample of participants in the course (N=30) about their perceptions of the course and its utility are included. Lessons learned and implications for using the curriculum with other populations, such as female faculty and agency-based human service professionals, are also explored.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)
title: Post-Digital Debates and Dialogues from the electronic book review
Creators: name: Rettberg, Scott
name: Tabbi, Joseph
name: Rasmussen, Eric Dean
name: Swanstrom, Lisa
name: Moulthrop, Stuart
name: Heckman, Davin
name: Fan, Lai-Tze
name: Bouchardon, Serge
name: Burdick, Anne
name: Strickland, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: The lively dialogue among the contributing authors, ebr’s longest-serving and newly appointed editors, and the engaged and interested audience, which accompanied the Post-Digital / Dialogues and Debates book launch in September 2020, is an interesting insight into the recent debates on the multifaceted ramifications of digital disruption and the ways in which it has transformed our society, culture, and aesthetics. The discussion throws some light as well on the always fascinating history of the early electronic literature initiatives which had laid the groundwork for what eventually turned out to become the whole new field of intermedia literary practice and the sub-discipline of trans- and interdisciplinary academic inquiry. The authors of the mammoth 2-volume anthology recruit from the variety of contexts and offer diverse looks at the post-digital condition of our contemporaneity.
Monte Carlo study of first-order transition in Heisenberg fcc antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Gvozdikova, M. V.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearest-neighbor Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a face-centered cubic lattice is studied by extensive Monte Carlo simulations in zero magnetic field. The parallel tempering algorithm is utilized, which allows to overcome a slow relaxation of the magnetic order parameter and fully equilibrate moderate size clusters with up to N ~ 7*10^3 spins. By collecting energy and order parameter histograms on clusters with up to N ~ 2*10^4 sites we accurately locate the first-order transition point at T_c=0.4459(1)J.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Hadronic form factors and the $J/ψ$ secondary production cross section: an update
Creators: name: Carvalho, F.
name: Durães, F. O.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Nielsen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improving previous calculations, we compute the $D + \bar{D} \to J/ψ+ π$ cross section using the most complete effective lagrangians available. The new crucial ingredients are the form factors on the charm meson vertices, which are determined from QCD sum rules calculations. Some of them became available only very recently and the last one, needed for our present purpose, is calculated in this work.
description: 12 pages, 9 eps figures
Impossibility Theorems for Feature Attribution
Creators: name: Bilodeau, Blair
name: Jaques, Natasha
name: Koh, Pang Wei
name: Kim, Been
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite a sea of interpretability methods that can produce plausible explanations, the field has also empirically seen many failure cases of such methods. In light of these results, it remains unclear for practitioners how to use these methods and choose between them in a principled way. In this paper, we show that for moderately rich model classes (easily satisfied by neural networks), any feature attribution method that is complete and linear -- for example, Integrated Gradients and SHAP -- can provably fail to improve on random guessing for inferring model behaviour. Our results apply to common end-tasks such as characterizing local model behaviour, identifying spurious features, and algorithmic recourse. One takeaway from our work is the importance of concretely defining end-tasks: once such an end-task is defined, a simple and direct approach of repeated model evaluations can outperform many other complex feature attribution methods.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures. Updated for PNAS publication
BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: First Approval
Creators: name: Lamb, Yvette
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Declarations
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Yvette Lamb is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
Ethics approval, Consent to participate and consent for publication, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here
Abstract
BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®; BioNTech and Pfizer) is a lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine for the prevention of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. BNT162b2 encodes the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the expression of which elicits immune responses against the antigen in recipients. In early December 2020, BNT162b2 received a temporary emergency use authorization (EUA) in the UK and, subsequently, a series of approvals or authorizations for emergency use in Bahrain, Canada, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and the USA. Soon after, BNT162b2 received conditional marketing authorizations in Switzerland (19 December 2020) and the EU (21 December 2020) for active immunization to prevent COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals 16 years of age and older. BNT162b2 is administered intramuscularly in a two-dose regimen. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of BNT162b2 leading to these first approvals for the prevention of COVID-19.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Test of the Stokes-Einstein relation in a two-dimensional Yukawa liquid
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Goree, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Stokes-Einstein relation, relating the diffusion and viscosity coefficients D and eta, is tested in two dimensions. An equilibrium molecular-dynamics simulation was used with a Yukawa pair potential. Regimes are identified where motion is diffusive and D is meaningful. The Stokes-Einstein relation, D ~ kT, was found to be violated near the disordering transition; under these conditions collective particle motion exhibits dynamical heterogeneity. At slightly higher temperatures, however, the Stokes-Einstein relation is valid. These results may be testable in strongly-coupled dusty plasma experiments.
Prime Minister Mrs. Margaret Thatcher Advancing Gender Equality: Recruitment, Roles, Pay, and Pensions in the Armed Forces
Creators: name: Segell, Dr. Glen M.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Margaret Thatcher, the United Kingdom 's first female Prime Minister, moved to initiate policy that would see gender equality in recruitment and pay in the armed forces, but not for pensions or combatant roles. In a review of the events and Thatcher's formulation of policy toward women in the armed forces, as a debate on gender equality and social justice, the salient variables and issues taken into consideration include: Thatcher's personal agenda; her ideological position; her policy priorities; her relations with women organizations; the domestic and international political situation in which she lived; and such concerns that she might have entertained, such as appearing to show favoritism toward other women or indeed appearing to be weak. Thatcher, the Member of Parliament, had preference to gender equality, though, once elected Prime Minister, prioritized pragmatism and patriotism due to circumstances.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)
DBI-essence
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
name: Yamaguchi, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models where the dark energy is a scalar field with a non-standard Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) kinetic term are investigated. Scaling solutions are studied and proven to be attractors. The corresponding shape of the brane tension and of the potential is also determined and found to be, as in the standard case, either exponentials or power-law of the DBI field. In these scenarios, in contrast to the standard situation, the vacuum expectation value of the field at small redshifts can be small in comparison to the Planck mass which could be an advantage from the model building point of view. This situation arises when the present-day value of the Lorentz factor is large, this property being per se interesting. Serious shortcomings are also present such as the fact that, for simple potentials, the equation of state appears to be too far from the observational favored value -1. Another problem is that, although simple stringy-inspired models precisely lead to the power-law shape that has been shown to possess a tracking behavior, the power index turns out to have the wrong sign. Possible solutions to these issues are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Supplemental data S1–S4 and S6-S7
Creators: name: Ekins, Sean
name: Freundlich, Joel S.
name: Clark, Alex M.
name: Anantpadma, Manu
name: Davey, Robert A.
name: Madrid, Peter
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Supplemental data S1. Pseudotype Bayesian model, Supplemental data S2. EBOV replication Bayesian, Supplemental Data 3. SVM output file for Pseudotype model, Supplemental Data S4. SVM output file for EBOV replication model, Supplemental Data S6. Predictions for Ebola activity using Open Bayesian models in the MMDS app. Supplemental Data S7. High content screening images illustrating inhibition of Ebola and cytotoxic concentration
Escape from an attractor generated by recurrent exit
Creators: name: Zonca, Lou
name: Holcman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: G.3; I.6.3
subject: 60G40

description: Kramer's theory of activation over a potential barrier consists in computing the mean exit time from the boundary of a basin of attraction of a randomly perturbed dynamical system. Here we report that for some systems, crossing the boundary is not enough, because stochastic trajectories return inside the basin with a high probability a certain number of times before escaping far away. This situation is due to a shallow potential. We compute the mean and distribution of escape times and show how this result explains the large distribution of interburst durations in neuronal networks.
description: 3 figures
Average of geometric structures in Finsler spaces with Lorentzian signature
Creators: name: Torromé, Ricardo Gallego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53DC60, 53B40, 83D05

description: Given the class of Finsler spaces with Lorentzian signature $(M,L)$ on a manifold $M$ endowed with a timelike vector field $\mathcal{X}$ satisfying $g_{(x,y)}(\mathcal{X},\mathcal{X})<0$ at any point $(x,y)$ of the slit tangent bundle, a pseudo-Riemannian metric defined on $M$ of signature $n-1$ is associated to the fundamental tensor $g$. Furthermore, an affine, torsion free connection is associated to the Chern connection determined by $L$. The definition of the average connection does not make use of $\mathcal{X}$. Therefore, there is no direct relation between these two averaged objects.
description: 11 pages, no figures; Acepted in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Entrepreneurial Career Development: Using Human Capital, Social Capital, and Distance Education to Achieve Success
Creators: name: Reimers-Hild, Connie I.
name: Fritz, Susan M.
name: King, James W.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Individuals, especially women, must be increasingly entrepreneurial in the twenty-first century in order to achieve success. It is also important for women to take an entrepreneurial approach to career development. The first key component of an entrepreneurial approach to career development is investing in human capital. Continuous investment in human capital increases earning power, opens doors to professional opportunities, and contributes to career advancement. The second key component of an entrepreneurial approach to career development is investing in social capital. Women can increase their chances for professional success by developing networks that connect them to key individuals, assignments, and resources within and outside of organizations. Distance education is the third key component of entrepreneurial career development. Today, distance-delivered courses and programs create new educational opportunities that women and men can use to invest in their human and social capital as well as their potential. This paper presents the three keys to entrepreneurial career development along with evidence that supports the increasing importance for women to enhance their career success by embracing entrepreneurial strategies designed to leverage the connections among human capital, social capital, and distance education.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)
title: Vanpool Demonstration Project
title: (University of Kentucky)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A vanpool demonstration project was operated at the University of Kentucky for the period May 2, 1983, through March 31, 1984. One van originated in Berea (roundtrip 90 miles) and another in Richmond (roundtrip 60 miles). Many problems associated with a vanpool operation were minimized because the riders were University employees and van ownership remained with the University.  It was found that personal contact with potential vanpool riders was much more effective then letters and questionnaires in the effort to generate initial ridership. Because vanpools had not previously been operated extensively in this area, it was difficult to convince potential riders of their cost-effectiveness. For this reason, the fare was set at a low rate initially and increased later in an attempt to recover full costs.  As an indirect result of the success of the University vanpool program, the Transit Authority of Lexington - Fayette Urban County Government began operating two additional van pools for University employees. Because the Transit Authority has capabilities to operate a vanpool program, a decision was made to transfer the University's program to that agency at the end of the demonstration project.
Variational Calculations of Nuclei with Low-Momentum Potentials
Creators: name: Bogner, S. K.
name: Furnstahl, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational calculations of the deuteron and the triton illustrate that simple wave function ansätze become more effective after evolving the nucleon-nucleon potential to lower momentum (``$V_{low k}$''). This is consistent with many-body wave functions becoming much less correlated at lower cutoffs, as shown by two-particle wave functions and pair-distribution functions in nuclear matter. These results motivate a program to explore variational many-body calculations of binding energies and other low-energy nuclear properties using low-momentum potentials.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Reconfiguring Flatness on Screen: A Short History of Cover Designs for Chinese Web Novels
Creators: name: Yang, Renren
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: Renren Yang insightfully reveals the rarely (if ever) explored domain of cover designs for Chinese Web novels. Tracing their evolution from a print format that enables the tactile and sensual pleasures of opening the actual book to its supposedly more immaterial digital incarnation, Yang reimagines the very idea of a book cover in the digital age. This closer look reveals how serialized novels’ cover design frames the reader's experience, demonstrating as well the fact that the already well established periodization of the First, Second, and Third Generation e-literature are culturally and geographically specific, and dependent on the local histories of computing technology beyond Euro-American context. Analyzing the conceptual tension and fusion between book cover as a “mixed medium” and digital cover as “intermedium,” and drawing upon Chinese pictorial tradition, Yang defines the ontology of the digital book cover as an attempt at reconfiguring “flatness” on the digital screen.
Spreading and Structural Balance on Signed Networks
Creators: name: Tian, Yu
name: Lambiotte, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C22, 05C50, 05C81, 37E25, 39A06, 91D30, 94C15

description: Two competing types of interactions often play an important part in shaping system behavior, such as activatory or inhibitory functions in biological systems. Hence, signed networks, where each connection can be either positive or negative, have become popular models over recent years. However, the primary focus of the literature is on the unweighted and structurally unbalanced ones, where all cycles have an even number of negative edges. Hence here, we first introduce a classification of signed networks into balanced, antibalanced or strictly unbalanced ones, and then characterize each type of signed networks in terms of the spectral properties of the signed weighted adjacency matrix. In particular, we show that the spectral radius of the matrix with signs is smaller than that without if and only if the signed network is strictly unbalanced. These properties are important to understand the dynamics on signed networks, both linear and nonlinear ones. Specifically, we find consistent patterns in a linear and a nonlinear dynamics theoretically, depending on their type of balance. We also propose two measures to further characterize strictly unbalanced networks, motivated by perturbation theory. Finally, we numerically verify these properties through experiments on both synthetic and real networks.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
The Role of Forgiveness in the Leadership Practices of Women Leaders in Higher Education
Creators: name: Grace-Odeleye, Beverlyn E.
name: Osula, Bramwell
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: This study examined the use of interpersonal forgiveness in the leadership practices of women leaders in higher education. Six women, with senior level administrative positions in a large public university, were interviewed and asked a range of questions regarding their use of forgiveness in leadership practices. Responses from participants were grouped together using cross-case analysis to discover meaning and interpreting themes. The interview guide sought to elicit a common definition of forgiveness, examined the use of forgiveness, and identified steps in the process of forgiveness in leadership practices. The evidence is that the participants in the study defined forgiveness as choosing and making a decision to reduce negative thoughts, such as blame and anger. Recognizing the problem, identifying the nature of the problem, and addressing the problem were identified as key steps in the process of forgiveness. Growth producing experiences and improved relationships are cited as additional benefits. Working through conflict in a positive manner is a primary reason that the women studied utilized forgiveness in their leadership practices. Modeling the behavior and mentoring others are additional approaches used to demonstrate the purpose and meaning of forgiveness. All participants identified mentoring as an important relationship and described a mentor as one who exhibited and used some aspect of the principles of forgiveness in their leadership practices. Additionally, females were said to utilize forgiveness more often than males. The reason given for this was that females are seen as being more interested in maintaining relationships than are men. The study also provides some general insights into actions and behaviors associated with the exercise of forgiveness in leadership practices within the workplace.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)
title: Survey of Effectiveness of Transportation Services
title: (1984)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of transportation services by means of a public opinion survey. Results from the mail survey were intended to provide administrators with quantitative measures so that emphasis would be based on the public's perception of specific programs. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of 800 licensed drivers in each of Kentucky's 12 highway districts for a total of 9,600 statewide. The total response rate was 51 percent for all districts, with 49 percent considered to be usable responses.  Results from the survey showed that 82 percent of the respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with the overall transportation system. Respondents were generally satisfied with overall maintenance (67 percent). Statewide, the least problems occurred with poor traffic signs and the greatest problem was rough roads. The interstate system was the most appreciated aspect of the transportation system and the most frequently mentioned driver complaint was poor road maintenance.  Of those expressing an opinion, 25 percent indicated highways were worse in Kentucky than other states and 22 percent felt conditions were better. Drivers felt that government spending should increase for rough railroad crossings, road maintenance, and road reconstruction. The strongest support concerning specific laws and regulations was for a motorcycle helmet law and least support was for mandatory retesting of drivers.  When comparing the 1980 and 1984 surveys, satisfaction with the overall transportation system remained the same. A general decline was noted for those dissatisfied with maintenance activities. Drivers in favor of a seatbelt law increased from 30 to 42 percent over the four-year period.
title: Impact Evaluation of Traffic Alcohol Programs:
title: Selected Locations in Kentucky
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report is an evaluation of increased police enforcement to reduce alcohol-related accidents at selected locations in Kentucky. Evaluations were performed for the following programs: 1) Lexington-Fayette County, including only Urban Police enforcement; 2) McCracken County, including Kentucky State Police, Sheriff's Office and Paducah Police enforcement; and 3) Warren County, including both Kentucky State Police and Bowling Green Police enforcement. Duration of enforcement and level of enforcement varied among the programs.  Four types of data were collected as a means of evaluating Traffic Alcohol Programs at the locations selected for study; accident data, arrest and adjudication data, cost-effectiveness data, and personal opinion data.  Results from before-and-after comparisons and time-series analysis show alcohol- related accidents decreased significantly in Lexington-Fayette, McCracken, arid Warren Counties. There were dramatic increases in DUI arrests in the three areas where arrest data were collected. DUI conviction rates varied from 90 percent in Lexington-Fayette County to 77 percent in McCracken County and 55 percent in Warren County. Approximately 90 percent of the respondents to the survey questionnaire were in favor of Traffic Alcohol Programs as a means of reducing alcohol-related accidents. Benefit-cost ratios were calculated and were found to be greater than 1.0 for all areas analyzed.
Multigrid reduction preconditioning framework for coupled processes in porous and fractured media
Creators: name: Bui, Quan M.
name: Hamon, Francois P.
name: Castelletto, Nicola
name: Osei-Kuffuor, Daniel
name: Settgast, Randolph R.
name: White, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65Z05, 65F08, 65F50

description: Many subsurface engineering applications involve tight-coupling between fluid flow, solid deformation, fracturing, and similar processes. To better understand the complex interplay of different governing equations, and therefore design efficient and safe operations, numerical simulations are widely used. Given the relatively long time-scales of interest, fully-implicit time-stepping schemes are often necessary to avoid time-step stability restrictions. A major computational bottleneck for these methods, however, is the linear solver. These systems are extremely large and ill-conditioned. Because of the wide range of processes and couplings that may be involved--e.g. formation and propagation of fractures, deformation of the solid porous medium, viscous flow of one or more fluids in the pores and fractures, complicated well sources and sinks, etc.--it is difficult to develop general-purpose but scalable linear solver frameworks. This challenge is further aggravated by the range of different discretization schemes that may be adopted, which have a direct impact on the linear system structure. To address this obstacle, we describe a flexible framework based on multigrid reduction that can produce purely algebraic preconditioners for a wide spectrum of relevant physics and discretizations. We demonstrate its broad applicability by constructing scalable preconditioners for several problems, notably: a hybrid discretization of single-phase flow, compositional multiphase flow with complex wells, and hydraulic fracturing simulations. Extension to other systems can be handled quite naturally. We demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the resulting solvers through numerical examples of difficult, field-scale problems.
Scaling in activated escape of underdamped systems
Creators: name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Schwartz, I. B.
name: Shapiro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise-induced escape from a metastable state of a dynamical system is studied close to a saddle-node bifurcation point, but in the region where the system remains underdamped. The activation energy of escape scales as a power of the distance to the bifurcation point. We find two types of scaling and the corresponding critical exponents.
description: 9 pages
Measuring out quasi-local integrals of motion from entanglement
Creators: name: Lu, B.
name: Bertoni, C.
name: Thomson, S. J.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-local integrals of motion are a key concept underpinning the modern understanding of many-body localisation, an intriguing phenomenon in which interactions and disorder come together. Despite the existence of several numerical ways to compute them - and astoundingly in the light of the observation that much of the phenomenology of many properties can be derived from them - it is not obvious how to directly measure aspects of them in real quantum simulations; in fact, the smoking gun of their experimental observation is arguably still missing. In this work, we propose a way to extract the real-space properties of such quasi-local integrals of motion based on a spatially-resolved entanglement probe able to distinguish Anderson from many-body localisation from non-equilibrium dynamics. We complement these findings with a new rigorous entanglement bound and compute the relevant quantities using tensor networks. We demonstrate that the entanglement gives rise to a well-defined length scale that can be measured in experiments.
description: 6+12 pages, 13 figures, substantial detail added
Strings and D-branes in holographic backgrounds
Creators: name: Israel, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress in the study of non-rational (boundary) conformal field theories and their applications to describe exact holographic backgrounds in superstring theory. We focus mainly on the example of the supersymmetric coset SL(2,R)/U(1), corresponding to the two-dimensional black hole, and its dual N=2 Liouville. In particular we discuss the modular properties of their characters, their partition function as well as the exact boundary states for their various D-branes. Then these results are used to construct the corresponding quantities in the CFT of the NS5-brane background, with applications to Little String Theories.
description: 5 pages, one figure; contribution to the proceedings of RTN Workshop, Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, 5-10 September 2004
Designing a Conference for Women Entering Academe in the Sciences and Engineering
Creators: name: Howarth, Jonathan
name: Pyla, Pardha S.
name: Yost, Beth
name: Haciahmetoglu, Yonca
name: Young, Deb
name: Ball, Robert
name: Lambros, Stelios
name: Layne, Peggy
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Women are underrepresented among faculty in the sciences and engineering. The National Science Foundation's ADVANCE program seeks to address this issue through comprehensive and creative strategies aimed at institutional transformation. Virginia Tech's ADVANCE program (AdvanceVT) hosted a conference for women in the academic pipeline to facilitate their entry into academic careers. This paper discusses our efforts in designing this conference; we hope that it will help to address the relative lack of literature on conference design and provide a starting point for others who are designing conferences. We first introduce four conference design heuristics that emerged during the process of determining what information to present at the AdvanceVT conference and how to present it: (1) undertake requirements elicitation, (2) choose an appropriate modality for presenting information, (3) account for interactions, and (4) emphasize shared interests and traits. We then discuss the application of these heuristics to the first design iteration of the AdvanceVT conference. Included in the discussion of the application of the heuristics are the results of three requirements elicitation activities: an online survey, focus groups, and interviews.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 23 (2007)