Pheretima rugosa James 2004, new species
Creators: name: James, Samuel W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Opisthopora
Megascolecidae
Pheretima
Pheretima rugosa

description: <i>Pheretima rugosa</i>, new species (Figs. 2F, G) <i>Material examined. –</i> Holotype - adult (NMA 003980) Philippines, Mindanao Island, Bukidnon Province, Mt. Kitanglad Range, 8 9' N, 124 44' E, 1800 m. elevation, coll. D. Balete, no date. Paratype – adult (FMNH 011065) Philippines, Mindanao Island, Bukidnon Province, Mt. Kitanglad Range, 8 9' N, 124 44' E, 1800 m. elevation, coll. D. Balete, no date. <i>Etymology. –</i> The species is named for broad corrugated pad adjacent to the spermathecal pores. <i>Description. –</i> Dark brown dorsal pigmentation, body 70 x 2.8 mm (vii), 3.2 (x), 3.4 mm (xxv), 92 segments, six regenerated; body cylindrical in cross-section. First dorsal pore 11/12, spermathecal pores paired in 7/8, 0.20 circumference apart, female pore single in xiv, openings of copulatory bursae paired in xviii, 0.15-0.16 circumference apart between 5 th and 6 th setal lines, 0 setae between openings. 8-10 setae closely spaced on ventrum, 1.5-2X more widely spaced elsewhere around post-clitellar segments; some setae missing from vii; 18, 24 setae on vii, 36 on viii, 30, 32 setae on xx; no dorsal gap in vii; in xx ZZ: YZ = 2.0, no ventral gaps. Clitellum annular xiv-xvi; ventral surface of vii, anterior 2/3 of viii thickened to form a broad corrugated pad extending laterally just beyond spermathecal pores (Fig. 2F). Septa all thin, all anterior septa present. Nephridia in dense tufts on anterior faces of 5/6, 6/7; those of intestinal segments pre- and post-septal at septum-body wall junction. Large gizzard in viii, esophagus deeply pouched, vascularized, with vertical lamellae x-xiii, pebble-grained internally xiv, xv, valvular xvi; intestinal origin xvii, simple caeca originating in xxvii, extending forward to xxiv, ventral margins smooth; typhlosole xxvii-lx, lxv, simple fold approximately 0.4-0.5 lumen diameter: 20 longitudinal vessels in intestinal wall. Hearts x-xiii esophageal, commissural vessels vi, vii, ix lateral; viii to gizzard; supra-esophageal vessel x-xiii; extra esophageal vessel joins ventral esophageal wall in x, receives efferent parieto-esophageal vessel in xiii. Ovaries and funnels free in xiii, spermathecae paired, preseptal in vii with nephridia on ducts; each spermatheca with rounded ampulla, single stalked diverticulum terminating in sausage-shaped receptacle, stalk passing through 7/8 to place diverticulum in viii (Fig. 2G). Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels enclosed in paired sacs in x, xi; sacs separate; seminal vesicles large in xi, xii, each with dorsal lobe; vasa deferentia free from body wall en route to ental end of prostatic ducts, thick and muscular xiii-xviii; each prostate racemose, occupying xvi-xx, bilobed, each lobe with two or three minor lobes, stout muscular duct entering center of ovate copulatory bursa in xviii; coelomic surfaces of copulatory bursae muscular, lacking glandular or other projections; interior of outer bursa wall with one long pad lateral to opening, two pads medial to opening; penis present. <i>Remarks. –</i> The spermathecae are preseptal in vii and the diverticulum is in viii, suggesting that the spermathecae migrated forwards one segment while retaining the pore location at 7/8. It has three pads in the copulatory bursae rather than two as in <i>P</i>. <i>diesmosi</i> and has true penes. Like <i>P</i>. <i>quincunxia</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>diesmosi</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>rubida</i> <i>,</i> <i>P</i>. <i>rugosa</i> has a distinct thickening of the epidermis on vii and viii. The extent of epidermal thickening in vii and viii is greatest in <i>P</i>. <i>quincunxia</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>rugosa</i>, minimal in <i>P</i>. <i>diesmosi</i>, and confined to narrow bands in <i>P</i>. <i>rubida</i>. <i>Pheretima quincunxia</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>rugosa</i> have the greater extent of thickening in viii and vii, respectively.
description: Published as part of <i>James, Samuel W., 2004, New Species Of Amynthas, Pheretima And Pleionogaster (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) Of The Mt. Kitanglad Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines, pp. 289-313 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 (2)</i> on page 300, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4618925