cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Facial Expression Generation on Hilbert Hypersphere with Conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Nets
Creators: name: Otberdout, Naima
name: Daoudi, Mohamed
name: Kacem, Anis
name: Ballihi, Lahoucine
name: Berretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a novel approach for generating videos of the six basic facial expressions given a neutral face image. We propose to exploit the face geometry by modeling the facial landmarks motion as curves encoded as points on a hypersphere. By proposing a conditional version of manifold-valued Wasserstein generative adversarial network (GAN) for motion generation on the hypersphere, we learn the distribution of facial expression dynamics of different classes, from which we synthesize new facial expression motions. The resulting motions can be transformed to sequences of landmarks and then to images sequences by editing the texture information using another conditional Generative Adversarial Network. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that explores manifold-valued representations with GAN to address the problem of dynamic facial expression generation. We evaluate our proposed approach both quantitatively and qualitatively on two public datasets; Oulu-CASIA and MUG Facial Expression. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in generating realistic videos with continuous motion, realistic appearance and identity preservation. We also show the efficiency of our framework for dynamic facial expressions generation, dynamic facial expression transfer and data augmentation for training improved emotion recognition models.
Investigating Markers of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Gastrointestinal Diseases
Creators: name: MARY AIDA AJAMIAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: Medicine

description: This thesis studies circulating biomarkers of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and function in human models. The results reveal that the protein zonulin, as it currently stands, is not a useful marker. However, a combination of other markers indicative of epithelial injury and and bacterial translocation provide insights into the heterogeneity of barrier dysfunction, localisation of intestinal injury, and modulation of the intestinal epithelium by diet and other factors.
Expectation values of local fields in Bullough-Dodd model and integrable perturbed conformal field theories
Creators: name: Fateev, V.
name: Lukyanov, S.
name: Zamolodchikov, A.
name: Zamolodchikov, Al.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Exact expectation values of the fields e^{aϕ} in the Bullough-Dodd model are derived by adopting the ``reflection relations'' which involve the reflection S-matrix of the Liouville theory, as well as special analyticity assumption. Using this result we propose explicit expressions for expectation values of all primary operators in the c<1 minimal CFT perturbed by the operator Φ_{1,2} or Phi_{2,1}. Some results concerning the $Φ_{1,5}$ perturbed minimal models are also presented.
description: 27 pages, harvmac.tex, one epsf figure
title: Boretius, Alfred
title: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
titleType: Subtitle
title: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
name: Eberle, Henrik
Publisher: name: Historisches Datenzentrum Sachsen-Anhalt,Institut für Landesgeschichte (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: History
classificationCode: 4023025-9
subject: Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023025-9
classificationCode: 4006804-3
subject: Biografie
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4006804-3
classificationCode: 4166546-6
subject: Landesgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4166546-6
classificationCode: 4051181-9
subject: Sachsen-Anhalt
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051181-9
classificationCode: 1048495779
subject: Universität Halle (Saale) | Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1048495779
classificationCode: 2024276-1
subject: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg | Halle (Saale); Wittenberg
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/2024276-1
classificationCode: 4020517-4
subject: Geschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020517-4
classificationCode: 7504326-9
subject: Universitätsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504326-9
classificationCode: 7504427-4
subject: Wissenschaftsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504427-4
subject: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
subject: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
classificationCode: 120134756
subject: Eberle, Henrik | 1970– | Historiker
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/120134756
classificationCode: 116252596
subject: Boretius, Alfred | 1836–1900 | Jurist
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/116252596

description: Das Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt versammelt in Erst- und Zweitveröffentlichung oder zu Zwecken der Langzeitarchivierung Biografien von Menschen aus und in Sachsen-Anhalt. Integriert wurde der Catalogus Professorum Halensis, der durch Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Geschichte der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg entstand. Dabei handelt es sich um ein bio-bibliografisches Online-Lexikon zu den Professoren der Universität Halle zwischen 1694 und 1968. Die Texte wurden vor allem von Henrik Eberle und anderen Mitarbeitenden zwischen 2005 und 2010 recherchiert und erstellt. Etliche Artikel zum Zeitraum 1694 bis 1817 verfasste Julia Schopferer. Bei der Überführung in das Biografienportal wurden die Lebensangaben neu recherchiert und Metadaten über Verfahren des Named Entity Recogniton erschlossen. Automatisiert erkannt wurden Personennamen, Ortsbezeichnungen und Körperschaften, die in der hier vorhandenen RTF-Datei indexiert vorliegt. Zudem wurden diese mit GND-Einträgen abgeglichen. Weiterhin erfolgte ein Abgleich mit der „Ontologie der historischen, deutschsprachigen Amts- und Berufsbezeichnungen“. Die Texte liegen im Jahr 2024 in zweifacher Ausgabe im Catalogus Professorum Halensis des Universitätsarchivs und des Biografienportals des Historischen Datenzentrums Sachsen-Anhalts vor. Sie werden hier für die Langzeitarchivierung der ursprünglichen Fassung archiviert.
description: https://www.catalogus-professorum-halensis.de/
description: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt: https://www.histdata.uni-halle.de/
Developmental manipulation of the hippocampal dentate gyrus to investigate effects of early life stress on adult dentate function
Creators: Youssef, Mary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Dentate gyrus
subject: Developmental neurobiology
subject: Stress in children

description: Early life stress (ELS) leads to alterations in anatomy and function of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), but the mechanisms by which these lasting changes occur have not been fully elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that the immediate decrease in cell proliferation and neurogenesis induced by stress is the key mediator of the negative long-term outcomes of ELS. First, we tested whether inhibition of cell proliferation during early life is sufficient to reproduce the ELS-induced reduction in adult DG neurogenesis. We demonstrate that targeting dividing stem cells for elimination during the first or third postnatal weeks leads to diminished adult neurogenesis and reduction of the stem cell pool. Also, we hypothesized that ELS leads to more persistent effects on DG function than stress later in life because of the stress-induced elimination of specific birth cohorts of DG granule cells (GCs) that have distinct functions. We tested whether different birth cohorts of DG GCs differ in function by assessing behavioral and stress response outcomes of pharmacogenetic elimination or optogenetic activation of adult GCs born during the first or third postnatal week. We demonstrate that dorsal GCs born during the first or third postnatal week may be involved in modulating exploratory and anxiety behavior, but that only third postnatal week born GCs stimulate HPA activity. These results suggest that mature DG GCs may differ in specific functions with birth date determining their functional role. Third, we directly assessed the effect of ELS on DG development to better understand the immediate effects of ELS on the DG and to identify other potential mediators of the long-term effects. We demonstrate that ELS using the limited bedding/nesting paradigm leads to developmental delay of the DG. The work presented in this dissertation contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms by which ELS produces lasting impairments in DG function and also to our knowledge of how DG GC function is specified.
Stationary Solutions of the Electromagnetic TE Waves Propagating along a Single Interface between the Two Kerr-Type Nonlinear Media
Creators: name: Wabia, Marian
name: Zalesny, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of the TE electromagnetic waves in self-focusing medium is governed by the nonlinear Schroedinger equation. In this paper the stationary solutions of this equation have been systematically presented. The phase-plane method, qualitative analysis, and mechanical interpretation of the differential equations are widely used. It is well known that TE waves can be guided by the single interface between two semi-infinite media, providing that one of the media has a self-focusing (Kerr type) nonlinearity. This special solution is called a spatial soliton. In this paper our interests are not restricted to the soliton solutions. In the context of the nonlinear substrate and cladding we have found solutions which could be useful to describe also the incident light in nonlinear medium. This result is the main point of the paper. Some of the presented stationary solutions were already used in similar optical context in literature but we show a little wider class of solutions. In the last section we review and illustrate some results concerning the spatial soliton solution.
description: PDF, Proceedings of the IV International Workshop NOA'98, Miedzyzdroje 1998
title: A kinder, gentler “America First?” Taking stock of transatlantic relations under Biden
Creators: name: Knudsen, Edward
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2021

description: Over 100 days into the Biden administration, how have transatlantic relations shifted? This policy brief builds upon analysis from an October 2020 piece titled “No going back? A transatlantic cooperation agenda under Biden” and examines lessons for European policymakers from the first few months of Joe Biden’s presidency. It argues that while Biden has retained many core parts of Donald Trump’s “America First” agenda, there are still several promising avenues for transatlantic cooperation over the coming years. These include accelerated climate action, coordinated economic stimulus, and ensuring global vaccine access. Reaching these goals will require joint action to defuse geopolitical tensions and ensure greater economic justice at home and abroad.
Predicting quantum many-body dynamics with transferable neural networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Zewang
name: Yang, Shuo
name: Wu, Yi-hang
name: Liu, Chenxi
name: Han, Yimin
name: Lee, Ching Hua
name: Sun, Zheng
name: Li, Guangjie
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have garnered considerable recent attention in the study of quantum many-body systems. However, advanced ML approaches such as transfer learning have seldom been applied to such contexts. Here we demonstrate that a simple recurrent unit (SRU) based efficient and transferable sequence learning framework is capable of learning and accurately predicting the time evolution of one-dimensional (1D) Ising model with simultaneous transverse and parallel magnetic fields, as quantitatively corroborated by relative entropy measurements and magnetization between the predicted and exact state distributions. At a cost of constant computational complexity, a larger many-body state evolution was predicted in an autoregressive way from just one initial state, without any guidance or knowledge of any Hamiltonian. Our work paves the way for future applications of advanced ML methods in quantum many-body dynamics only with knowledge from a smaller system.
description: 6 figures, 1 table, 8 pages
title: Take back control? Digital sovereignty and a vision for Europe
Creators: name: Obendiek, Anke S.
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2021

description: Digital sovereignty has been the buzzword of recent policy debates on digitalization, regulatory policies, and geostrategic positioning in the EU. This policy brief suggests that while the lofty concept of digital overeignty is flawed, the debate points to a key weakness in digital policy: The EU’s current approach lacks consistency and vision. The EU needs lasting guiding principles for its regulatory, economic, and normative digital future that form the baseline for any kind of digital decision-making. The EU’s commitment to regulation needs to be backed up by heavy public investment. This should establish conditions that foster the development of digital infrastructure, innovation systems, and tools that reflect European values and human rights. Rather than trying to catch up by excluding the outside, the EU should play to its strengths and entrench its position as a normative champion on the global level.
Quotients of Toric Varieties by the Action of a Subtorus
Creators: name: A'Campo-Neuen, A.
name: Hausen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L30, 14M25, 14D25

description: We consider the action of a subtorus of the big torus on a toric variety. The aim of the paper is to define a natural notion of a quotient for this setting and to give an explicit algorithm for the construction of this quotient from the combinatorial data corresponding to the pair consisting of the subtorus and the toric variety. Moreover, we study the relations of such quotients with good quotients. We construct a good model, i.e. a dominant toric morphism from the given toric variety to some ``maximal'' toric variety having a good quotient by the induced action of the given subtorus.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX2e, to appear in T\^ohoku J
Data on geochemical and hydraulic properties of a characteristic confined/unconfined aquifer system of the younger Pleistocene in northeast Germany
Creators: name: Merz, C.
name: Steidl, J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie

description: The paper presents a database of hydrochemical and hydraulic groundwater measurements of a younger Pleistocene multilayered, unconfined/confined aquifer system in NE Germany. The Institute of Landscape Hydrology of the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) operates seven groundwater monitoring wells in the Quillow catchment located in the Uckermark region (federal state of Brandenburg, Germany). From July 2000 to March 2014, water samples were collected periodically on different days of the year and at depths between 3 and 5 m (shallow wells) and 16 and 24 m (deeper wells) below the surface. The parameters pH value, redox potential, electric conductivity, water temperature, oxygen content, spectral absorption coefficient and concentration of hydrogen carbonate, ammonium, phosphate, chloride, bromide, nitrite, sulfate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcite, dissolved organic carbon, iron(II) and manganese were determined for each sample (doi:10.4228/ZALF.2000.266). The measurements, taken over a period of 14 years, include a high variation of hydraulic situations represented by a corresponding database of 19 000 recorded groundwater heads. The hydraulic head was measured between 2000 and 2014
On Approximate Nonlinear Gaussian Message Passing On Factor Graphs
Creators: name: Petersen, Eike
name: Hoffmann, Christian
name: Rostalski, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Factor graphs have recently gained increasing attention as a unified framework for representing and constructing algorithms for signal processing, estimation, and control. One capability that does not seem to be well explored within the factor graph tool kit is the ability to handle deterministic nonlinear transformations, such as those occurring in nonlinear filtering and smoothing problems, using tabulated message passing rules. In this contribution, we provide general forward (filtering) and backward (smoothing) approximate Gaussian message passing rules for deterministic nonlinear transformation nodes in arbitrary factor graphs fulfilling a Markov property, based on numerical quadrature procedures for the forward pass and a Rauch-Tung-Striebel-type approximation of the backward pass. These message passing rules can be employed for deriving many algorithms for solving nonlinear problems using factor graphs, as is illustrated by the proposition of a nonlinear modified Bryson-Frazier (MBF) smoother based on the presented message passing rules.
Quantum Group Symmetry in Multiple Chern-Simons Theory on a Torus
Creators: name: Ho, Choon-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss $w_\infty$ and $sl_q(2)$ symmetries in multiple Chern-Simons theory on a torus. It is shown that these algebraic structures arise from the dynamics of the non-integrable phases of the Chern-Simons fields. The generators of these algebras are constructed from the Wilson line operators corresponding to these phases. The vacuum states form the basis of cyclic representation of $sl_q (2)$.
description: 12 pages. Plain Tex.
Vergleich des Zielmaßes eines Ikosaeders aus Tripelspiegeln mit verschiedenen Lösungsverfahren
Creators: name: Burgschweiger, Ralf
name: Schäfer, Ingo
name: Stoltenberg, Arne
name: Sachau, Delf
name: Ehrlich, Jan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V. (DEGA)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Randelemente-Methode
subject: Zielmaß
subject: Ray tracing
subject: Schalenrandbedingung
subject: BEM
subject: Finite-Elemente-Methode
subject: FEM
subject: 534 Schall und verwandte Schwingungen

description: Ein Ikosaeder, dessen 20 gleiche Dreiecksflächen durch jeweils einen Tripelspiegel ersetzt wurden, kann als Referenzobjekt für die Ermittlung des Zielmaßes unter Wasser verwendet werden. Ein entsprechendes Modell mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 33 cm wird hierfür in der Praxis eingesetzt. In dem Beitrag werden für dieses Modell die Ergebnisse von Zielmaß-Simulationen für verschiedene gängige Lösungsverfahren (schallharte BEM, Schalenrandbedingung mittels BEM-Trägheitskopplung, FEM-Schalenrandbedingung, Raytracing) verglichen und hinsichtlich des verwendbaren Frequenzbereiches diskutiert. Zusätzlich ist ein Vergleich mit entsprechenden Messergebnissen vorgesehen.
Study of ion feedback in multi-GEM structures
Creators: name: Bondar, A.
name: Buzulutskov, A.
name: Shekhtman, L.
name: Vasiljev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the feedback of positive ions in triple and quadruple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors. The effects of GEM hole diameter, detector gain, applied voltages, number of GEMs and other parameters on ion feedback are investigated in detail. In particular, it was found that the ion feedback is independent of the gas mixture and the pressure. In the optimized multi-GEM structure, the ion feedback current can be suppressed down to 0.5% of the anode current, at a drift field of 0.1 kV/cm and gain of 10^4. A simple model of ion feedback in multi-GEM structures is suggested. The results obtained are relevant to the performance of time projection chambers and gas photomultipliers.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Synthesis and characterisation of a novel Y-shaped liquid crystalline epoxy and its effect on isotropic epoxy resin
Creators: name: Zirui Lin
name: Yuehua Cong
name: Baoyan Zhang
name: Haozhou Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: A novel Y-shaped liquid crystalline epoxy with a rigid core with three flexible liquid crystalline arms (ETTPM) was synthesised and its structure was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It was analysed and observed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and polarised optical microscopy (POM) that the liquid crystal phase was stable on the temperature range of 107.8°C. In particular, an unusual transition phenomenon of liquid crystal phases was observed. Modified epoxy-resin-cured products were prepared using ETTPM, epoxy resin E51 and 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane. The liquid crystalline domains in cured products were observed by researching their scattering effect on laser. Mechanical tests showed that ETTPM was effective for the mechanical properties improvement of epoxy-resin-cured products, as demonstrated in the improvement of impact strength, tensile strength and tensile elasticity modulus. The impact fracture cross-sections and surface morphologies were studied further by POM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crack deformation, crack split and notable plastic deformations were found in modified epoxy-resin-cured products, and these factors played important roles in improving the impact strength.
Taut ideal triangulations of 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Lackenby, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 57M25

description: A taut ideal triangulation of a 3-manifold is a topological ideal triangulation with extra combinatorial structure: a choice of transverse orientation on each ideal 2-simplex, satisfying two simple conditions. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that taut ideal triangulations are very common, and that their behaviour is very similar to that of a taut foliation. For example, by studying normal surfaces in taut ideal triangulations, we give a new proof of Gabai's result that the singular genus of a knot in the 3-sphere is equal to its genus.
description: Published in Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol4/paper12.abs.html
Deformation quantization and invariant distributions
Creators: name: Andler, Martin
name: Dvorsky, Alexander
name: Sahi, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1979, M. Kashiwara and M. Vergne formulated a conjecture on a Lie group G which implies that the Duflo isomorphism of Z(g) and S(g)^g extends to a natural module isomorphism between the spaces of germs of invariant distributions on G and g=Lie(G), respectively. They also proved their conjecture for G solvable. Using Kontsevich's deformation quantization we establish directly this result for distributions on any real Lie group G. In turn this gives a new proof of Duflo's result on the local solvability of bi-invariant differential operators on G.
description: 6 pages, English + abridged French version (C. R. Acad. Sci. format). This is a short note, the expanded version will follow
Isoflavone-based trimer liquid crystals: synthesis, characterization, thermal and mesomorphic properties evaluations
Creators: name: Abdulkarim-Talaq Mohammad
name: Srinivasa H., T.
name: Rusul Yousif Alrawi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A new homologous series of mesogens with isoflavone heterocycle have been synthesised and characterised. The symmetric molecular structure consists of middle ethylene/phenylenediamine and peripheral isoflavone and biphenyl cores as trimer fragments. Chemical structures were evaluated using IR, NMR and CHN techniques. Thermal, mesophase behaviours and textural types are studied by DSC and POM instrumentations. Most of the compounds are favouring liquid crystalline behaviours with Smectic and nematic mesophases.
Developments in Extended Finite Element Methods for Extraction of Strain Energy Release Rates and Computational Nanomechanics for SWCNT Aggregates
Creators: Lan, Mengyu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Strains and stresses--Analysis
subject: Fracture mechanics
subject: Carbon nanotubes

description: In the first part, a new analytical approach, within the extended finite element (XFEM) framework, is proposed to compute Strain Energy Release Rates (SERRs) directly from Irwin's integral. Crack tip enrichment functions in XFEM allow for evaluation of integral quantities in closed form (for some crack configurations studied) and therefore results in an accurate and efficient method. The effects of high order enrichments, mesh refinement and the integration limits of Irwin's integral are examined in benchmark numerical examples. The results indicate that high order enrichment functions have significant effect on the convergence, in particular when the integral limits are finite. When the integral limits tend to zero, simpler SERR expressions are obtained and high order terms vanish. Nonetheless, these terms contribute indirectly via coefficients of first order terms. The analytical formulation is then extended to cracks in arbitrary orientations. Several benchmark examples are investigated including off-center cracks, inclined cracks and crack growth problems. On all these problems, the method is shown to work well, giving accurate results. Moreover, due to its analytical nature, no special postprocessing is required which leads to a fast approach to obtain Strain Energy Release Rates. Thus it is concluded that this method may provide a good alternative to the popular J-integral method. In the second part of the thesis, the stress-strain behavior of short single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) aggregates is investigated by a novel incremental constrained minimization approach. An AIREBO potential is used to model the interactions within and between CNTs. The idea is to homogenously disperse SWCNTs in the computational cell at random positions and orientations following spherical uniform distributions, and incrementally deform the cell while restraining the movement of atoms at the ends of nanotubes. The stress-strain response of the system is obtained in each loading direction and it is shown to converge to an isotropic behavior (a similar response in all directions) as the number of CNTs in the system increases. In addition, it is shown that the Young's modulus of the system increases linearly with the CNT aggregates density and the method agrees well with results obtained from molecular dynamics simulations running at near zero degrees kelvin, which are obtained at only a fraction of the CPU time required for MD methods.
Geometries of orthogonal groups and their contractions: a unified classical deformation viewpoint
Creators: name: Santander, Mariano
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The geometries of spaces having as groups the real orthogonal groups and some of their contractions are described from a common point of view. Their central extensions and Casimirs are explicitly given. An approach to the trigonometry of their spaces is also advanced.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX; contribution presented by M.Santander to the II International Workshop on Classical and Quantum Integrible Systems (Dubna, 8-12 July,1996), to be published in Int.J.Mod.Phys.A
SILVERRUSH. IX. Lya Intensity Mapping with Star-Forming Galaxies at z=5.7 and 6.6: A Possible Detection of Extended Lya Emission at $\gtrsim$100 comoving kpc around and beyond the Virial-Radius Scale of Galaxy Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Kakuma, Ryota
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Inoue, Akio K.
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Momose, Rieko
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of the cross-correlation Ly$α$ intensity mapping with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) ultra-deep narrowband images and Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z=5.7$ and $6.6$ in a total area of $4$ deg$^2$. Although overwhelming amount of data quality controls have been performed for the narrowband images, we further conduct extensive analysis evaluating systematics of large-scale point-spread-function wings, sky subtractions, and unknown errors based on physically uncorrelated signals and sources found in real HSC images and object catalogs, respectively. Removing the systematics, we carefully calculate cross-correlations between Ly$α$ intensity of the narrowband images and the LAEs. We tentatively identify very diffuse Ly$α$ emission with the $\simeq 3σ$ ($\simeq 2σ$) significance at $\gtrsim$ 100 comoving kpc (ckpc) far from the LAEs at $z=5.7$ ($6.6$), around and probably even beyond a virial radius of star-forming galaxies with $M_\mathrm{h}\sim10^{11}M_\odot$. The diffuse Ly$α$ emission possibly extends up to $1$,$000$ ckpc with the surface brightness of $10^{-20}$-$10^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$. We confirm that the small-scale ($<150$ ckpc) Ly$α$ radial profiles of LAEs are consistent with those obtained by recent MUSE observations. Comparisons with numerical simulations suggest that the large-scale ($\sim150$-$1$,$000$ ckpc) Ly$α$ emission are not explained by unresolved faint neighboring galaxies including satellites, but by a combination of Ly$α$ photons emitted from the central LAE and other unknown sources, such as cold-gas streams and galactic outflow. We find no evolution in the Ly$α$ radial profiles of our LAEs from $z=5.7$ to $6.6$, where theoretical models predict a flattening of the profile slope made by cosmic reionization, albeit with our moderately large observational errors.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Blessing or curse? The effects of transparency on the European Commission's success at the international ACTA negotiations
Creators: name: Eibauer, Josef
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::323 Grundrechte und politische Rechte

description: The present study tries to investigate on the dynamics between the level of transparency of international treaty negotiations and the success of European Commission negotiators in achieving their particular political interests. Drawing upon an alternated version of Robert Putnam's two-level game approach, two distinct hypotheses are established. First, a low level of transparency of international treaty negotiations increases the amount of gains available to European Commission negotiators at the international level. Second, a low level of transparency of international treaty negotiations decreases the likelihood of ratification at the non-international level. These hypothesis are tested against the case of the international Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) negotiations and the subsequent ratification procedure that took place between the years 2005 and 2012. Empirically, it can be confirmed that the ACTA talks' low level of transparency detached the usually intertwined international, supranational, and domestic negotiation levels and thus increased the political leeway available to the Commission, leading to a treaty text that reflected its tough stance on intellectual property rights regulation. However, the low level of transparency also resulted in the Commission's lack of information about the true nature of negotiation outcomes that were acceptable to both the public and parliamentary majorities. Indeed, following a lively campaign against the treaty that was predominantly coordinated via the internet and social networks, ACTA ultimately failed ratification both on Member State and Community levels. In a nutshell: When the debated issues are controversial and salient to the public, the European Commission is likely to fail reaping the benefits of international negotiation secrecy.
A Simple Derivation of the Refined Sphere Packing Bound Under Certain Symmetry Hypotheses
Creators: name: Nakiboglu, Baris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A judicious application of the Berry-Esseen theorem via suitable Augustin information measures is demonstrated to be sufficient for deriving the sphere packing bound with a prefactor that is $\mathitΩ\left(n^{-0.5(1-E_{sp}'(R))}\right)$ for all codes on certain families of channels -- including the Gaussian channels and the non-stationary Renyi symmetric channels -- and for the constant composition codes on stationary memoryless channels. The resulting non-asymptotic bounds have definite approximation error terms. As a preliminary result that might be of interest on its own, the trade-off between type I and type II error probabilities in the hypothesis testing problem with (possibly non-stationary) independent samples is determined up to some multiplicative constants, assuming that the probabilities of both types of error are decaying exponentially with the number of samples, using the Berry-Esseen theorem.
description: 20 pages
Additional file 1 of Obtaining and managing data sets for individual participant data meta-analysis: scoping review and practical guide
Creators: name: Ventresca, Matthew
name: Schünemann, Holger J.
name: Macbeth, Fergus
name: Clarke, Mike
name: Thabane, Lehana
name: Griffiths, Gareth
name: Noble, Simon
name: Garcia, David
name: Marcucci, Maura
name: Iorio, Alfonso
name: Zhou, Qi
name: Crowther, Mark
name: Akl, Elie A.
name: Lyman, Gary H.
name: Gloy, Viktoria
name: DiNisio, Marcello
name: Briel, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Paradoxes of Thermal Expansion
Creators: name: Stepanov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the dependence of negative thermal expansion coefficient of many substances on the temperature contradicts to an important thermodynamic relation. It is supposed that there are oscillations at the Cp(T) and alpha(T) curves at alpha>0 and they are in reverse phases.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. E-mail me istepanov@email.com
The solution to a conjecture of Tits on the subgroup generated by the squares of the generators of an Artin group
Creators: name: Crisp, John
name: Paris, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36 (Primary) 57N05 (Secondary)

description: It was conjectured by Tits that the only relations amongst the squares of the standard generators of an Artin group are the obvious ones, namely that a^2 and b^2 commute if ab=ba appears as one of the Artin relations. In this paper we prove Tits' conjecture for all Artin groups. More generally, we show that, given a number m(s)>1 for each Artin generator s, the only relations amongst the powers s^m(s) of the generators are that a^m(a) and b^m(b) commute if ab=ba appears amongst the Artin relations.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures (.eps files generated by pstricks.tex). Prepublication du Laboratoire de Topologie UMR 5584 du CNRS (Univ. de Bourgogne)
A Theoretical Investigation of Charge Density Wave Instability in CuS$_2$
Creators: name: Yin, Yuxin
name: Coulter, Jennifer
name: Ciccarino, Christopher J.
name: Narang, Prineha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a charge density wave (CDW) in transition metal dichalcogenide CuS$_2$ has remained undetermined since its first experimental synthesis nearly 50 years ago. Despite conflicting experimental literature regarding its low temperature structure, there exists no theoretical study of the phonon properties and lattice stability of this material. By studying the first-principles electronic structure and phonon properties of CuS$_2$ at various electronic temperatures, we identify temperature-sensitive soft phonon modes which unveil a previously unreported Kohn anomaly at approximately 100K. Variation of the electronic temperature shows the presence of two distinct phases, characterized at low temperature by a $2\times2\times2$ periodic charge modulation associated with the motion of the S$_2$ dimers. Investigation of the Fermi surface presents a potential Fermi surface nesting vector related to the location of the Kohn anomaly and observed band splittings in the unfolded bandstructure. The combination of these results suggests a strong possibility of CDW order in CuS$_2$. Further study of CuS$_2$ in monolayer form finds no evidence of a CDW phase, as the identified bulk periodic distortions cannot be realized in 2D. This behavior sets this material apart from other transition metal dichalcogenide materials, which exhibit a charge density wave phase down to the 2D limit. As CDW in TMDC materials is considered to compete with superconductivity, the lack of CDW in monolayer CuS$_2$ suggests the possibility of enhanced superconductivity relative to other transition metal dichalcogenides. Overall, our work identifies CuS$_2$ as a previously unrealized candidate to study interplay of superconductivity, CDW order, and dimensionality.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Doppelspitzen: Notlösung, Heilsbringer oder innovatives Führungsmodell? Coaching für gelingende Führungstandems
Creators: name: Münderlein, Christiane
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Doppelspitzen
subject: Topsharing
subject: Coaching
subject: dual leadership
subject: topsharing
subject: 300
subject: Führungsmodell
subject: Coaching
subject: Job sharing

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Monopoles and contact 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Cheng, Jih-Hsin
name: Chiu, Hung-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G07;32F40,32C16

description: We propose the study of some kind of monopole equations directly associated with a contact structure. Through a rudimentary analysis about the solutions, we show that a closed contact 3-manifold with positive Tanaka-Webster curvature and vanishing torsion must be either not symplectically semifillable or having torsion Euler class of the contact structure.
description: 25pages
Teen Pregnancy is keeping girls out of school in Kenya
Creators: name: Omari, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: Health Care
subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services

description: Kilifi and Homa Bay Counties in the former Coast and Nyanza Provinces of Kenya respectively experience high unintended teenage pregnancy rates. Despite there being a policy that allows young mothers to return to school, both areas have a high female school dropout rate. Past research in the regions have highlighted three main obstacles:
 School staff lacking clarity on the re-entry policy
 Teenage mothers, their parents, and communities being unaware of the rights of teen mothers to return to school
 Relevant ministries of Education neglecting monitoring of the school re-entry of teen mothers.
A Quantum Gauge Group Approach to the 2D SU(n) WZNW Model
Creators: name: Furlan, Paolo
name: Hadjiivanov, Ludmil K.
name: Todorov, Ivan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The canonical quantization of the WZNW model provides a complete set of exchange relations in the enlarged chiral state spaces that include the Gauss components of the monodromy matrices. Regarded as new dynamical variables, the elements of the latter cannot be identified -- they satisfy different exchange relations. Accordingly, the two dimensional theory expressed in terms of the left and right movers' fields does not automatically respect monodromy invariance. Continuing our recent analysis of the problem by gauge theory methods we conclude that physical states (on which the two dimensional field acts as a single valued operator) are invariant under the (permuted) coproduct of the left and right $U_q(sl(n))$. They satisfy additional constraints fully described for n=2.
description: 10 pages, LATEX (Proposition 4.2 corrected, one reference added)
Γυναίκες και Καταστροφές: Τα ευάλωτα θύματα ή παράγοντες αλλαγής στη Μείωση του Κινδύνου;
Creators: name: Καραμάνου, Ασπασία
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40604 Natural Hazards
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Η ανάλυση της βιβλιογραφίας των καταστροφών από πλευράς φύλου αποδεικνύει την εσφαλμένη αντίληψη που υπάρχει σε δύο βασικές υποθέσεις της παραδοσιακής σκέψης διαχείρισης των εκτάκτων αναγκών: α) ότι οι μη κυβερνητικές μορφές κοινωνικής οργάνωσης, πολλές από τις οποίες καθοδηγούνται από γυναίκες, όπως οι οικογένειες ή άλλες κοινοτικές ομάδες δεν είναι αποτελεσματικές σε περίπτωση κρίσης και β) ότι κατά τη διάρκεια των καταστροφών οι γυναίκες είναι παθητικά θύματα. Σε ανισότητες μεταξύ των φύλων, τις κοινωνικοοικονομικές συνθήκες και τις πολιτιστικές πεποιθήσεις και όχι σε βιολογικούς παράγοντες, οι γυναίκες είναι πιο πιθανό να πληγούν κατά τη διάρκεια ή στον απόηχο των καταστροφών. Είναι σημαντικό να καταλάβουμε ότι οι γυναίκες δεν είναι μόνο θύματα αλλά και παράγοντες αλλαγής. Αποτελούν ένα σημαντικό κομμάτι της διαδικασίας για τον μετριασμό και την αντιμετώπιση του κινδύνου των καταστροφών, ενισχύοντας τον σχεδιασμό με τις συσσωρευμένες δεξιότητες που κατέχουν, τις εμπειρίες, τις ηγετικές και άλλες ικανότητες, τις διαφορετικές προοπτικές που επικεντρώνονται στις ανάγκες της κοινότητας και στις ευάλωτες ομάδες. Υπάρχει ζωτική ανάγκη να ενισχυθούν τα επιχειρησιακά πλαίσια και να περάσουν από τις κανονιστικές δεσμεύσεις σε συγκεκριμένες δράσεις με βιώσιμα αποτελέσματα.
title: A Global Environmental Justice?
title: The challenge of transferring a US movement to countries outside the US
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fletcher, Ross Andrew
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie

description: With the help of authors such as Wolfgang Sachs (1999 and 2002), this paper examines the possibility of expanding the US concept of environmental justice to a global scale. Through the body of literature reviewed, the paper concludes that the US environmental justice concept can be applied outside its borders. However, the concept will need to be molded into new forms that are tailored to the countries in which it is applied. The elements, which promote a critical, community-concentrated and bottom-up approach are those which will be most useful when expanding environmental justice beyond the US borders. In addition, as referred to in Wolfgang Sachs’ 2002 article, a focus on “lowering the top” to bring resource-usage to more sustainable levels is something which will only benefit environmental justice and its success in the future.
How the Global GAG rule is harming maternal health progress in Kenya
Creators: name: Omari, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: Health Care
subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services

description: The article looks at the Impact of the Global GAG Rule on maternal health progress in Kenya due to the reinstatement of the Mexican City Policy by the President Trump's administration
Finite-Volume Simulation of Capillary-Dominated Flow in Matrix-Fracture Systems using Interface Conditions
Creators: name: Alali, Ammar
name: Hamon, Francois
name: Mallison, Bradley
name: Tchelepi, Hamdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In numerical simulations of multiphase flow and transport in fractured porous media, the estimation of the hydrocarbon recovery requires accurately predicting the capillary-driven imbibition rate of the wetting phase initially present in the fracture into the low-permeability matrix. In the fully implicit finite-volume scheme, this entails a robust methodology that captures the capillary flux at the interface between the matrix and the fracture even when very coarse control volumes are used to discretize the matrix. Here, we investigate the application of discrete interface conditions at the matrix-fracture interface to improve the accuracy of the flux computation without relying on extreme grid refinement. In particular, we study the interaction of the upwinding scheme with the discrete interface conditions. Considering first capillary-dominated spontaneous imbibition and then forced imbibition with viscous, buoyancy, and capillary forces, we illustrate the importance of the interface conditions to accurately capture the matrix-fracture flux and correctly represent the flow dynamics in the problem.