cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hexacoordinated MIV (M=Ti, Zr, Hf) tetrachlorido complexes with chelating dithienylethane based 1,2 diketone ligand : π-conjugation as decisive factor for axial chirality mode
Creators: name: Schlüter, Dirk
name: Duvinage, Daniel
name: Langer, Robert
name: Vogt, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540

description: 1,2-bis(2,5-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (1, DTEthane) reacts with MCl4 metal precursors of group four (M=Ti, Zr, Hf) via coordination of the carbonyl groups. The molecular structure of complex 2–4 were determined in scXRD studies in the solid state and characterized by means of multi-nuclear and multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy in solution. While the resulting titanium complex [TiCl4(DTEthane)] 2 shows a monomeric structure, where 1 binds in a bidentate fashion, complexes with a Zr (3) and Hf (4) center have dimeric scaffolds in which the ligands adopt a bridging mode. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (G16, B97D3/def2-TZVP) were used to evaluate the general trend of dimer formation (Ti
Navigating across heritage and destination cultures : how personal identity and social identification processes relate to domain-specific acculturation orientations in adolescence
Creators: name: Crocetti, Elisabetta
name: Karataş, Savaş
name: Branje, Susan
name: Bobba, Beatrice
name: Rubini, Monica
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 152

description: Personal identity and social identification processes can be challenging for adolescents belonging to an ethnic minority, who have to cope with the acculturation task of navigating several (and often conflictual) alternatives put forth by their cultural heritage community and destination society. Because identity and acculturation tasks are embedded in core domains of adolescents’ life, this three-wave longitudinal study with ethnic minority adolescents (N = 244, 43.4% male; Mage = 14.9) examined how personal identity processes and social identifications are related to acculturation orientations in the education and friendship domains. Results of traditional cross-lagged models showed that, in the educational domain, adolescents who scored higher on cultural heritage maintenance compared to their peers, scored higher on commitment later on. In the friendship domain, stronger associations were found, such that adolescents who scored higher on cultural heritage maintenance compared to their peers, reported higher commitment and in-depth exploration later on, while those who scored higher on identification with friends reported over time also higher cultural heritage maintenance and destination culture adoption. Random-intercept crossed-lagged models indicated that, when adolescents reported above their own average on reconsideration of educational commitment, they reported increased cultural heritage maintenance later on. Furthermore, consistent associations (at baseline and over time) emerged. Overall, this study points to virtuous alliances between the fulfillment of tasks related to adolescents’ identity development and acculturation.
Dimerization of polyglutamine within the PRIME20 model using stochastic approximation Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Lauer, Christian
name: Paul, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530

description: This study presents a numerical investigation of the dimerization of polyglutamine homo-peptides of varying length. It employs the PRIME20 intermediate resolution protein model and studies it with a flat-histogram type Monte Carlo simulation that gives access to the thermodynamic equilibrium of this model over the complete control parameter range (for the simulations this is temperature). For densities comparable to typical in vitro experimental conditions, this study finds that the aggregation and folding of the polyglutamine chains occur concurrently. However, as a function of chain length the sequence of establishment of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding contacts changes. Chains longer than about N = 24 polyglutamine repeat units fold first and then aggregate. This agrees well with the experimental finding that, beyond N = 24 the single polyglutamine chain is the critical nucleus for the aggregation of amyloid fibrils. A finite size scaling of the ordering temperatures reveals that for this chain length (and longer chains) folding occurs at physiological (respectively larger) temperatures, whereas shorter chains are disordered at physiological conditions.
Antibacterial and disinfecting effects of standardised tea extracts on more than 100 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Feilcke, Ruth
name: Bär, Volker
name: Wendt, Constanze
name: Imming, Peter
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are still a major problem in hospitals. The excellent safety profile, accessibility and anti-infective activity of tea extracts make them promising agents for the treatment of infected wounds. To investigate the possibility of sterilising MRSA-infected surfaces, including skin with tea extracts, we determined the MICs for different extracts from green and black tea (Camellia sinensis), including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), on a large number of clinical isolates of MRSA, selected to represent a high genetic diversity. The extracts were prepared to achieve the maximal extraction of EGCG from tea and were used as stable lyophilisate with a defined EGCG content. All extracts showed a complete inhibition of cell growth at a concentration of approx. 80 µg/mL of EGCG after a contact time of 24 h. Time-kill plots were recorded for the extract with the highest amount of EGCG. The reduction factor (RF) was 5 after a contact time of 240 min. EGCG and tea extracts showed an RF of 2 in methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. Extracts from green and black tea showed lower MICs than an aqueous solution with the same concentration of pure EGCG. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to show a reduction of 99.999% of clinically isolated MRSA by green tea extract within 4 h.
Testing the hierarchy of predictability in grassland restoration across a gradient of environmental severity
Creators: name: Bertuol-Garcia, Diana
name: Ladouceur, Emma
name: Brudvig, Lars A.
name: Laughlin, Daniel C.
name: Munson, Seth M.
name: Curran, Michael F.
name: Davies, Kirk W.
name: Svejcar, Lauren N.
name: Shackelford, Nancy
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Ecological restoration is critical for recovering degraded ecosystems but is challenged by variable success and low predictability. Understanding which outcomes are more predictable and less variable following restoration can improve restoration effectiveness. Recent theory asserts that the predictability of outcomes would follow an order from most to least predictable from coarse to fine community properties (physical structure > taxonomic diversity > functional composition > taxonomic composition) and that predictability would increase with more severe environmental conditions constraining species establishment. We tested this “hierarchy of predictability” hypothesis by synthesizing outcomes along an aridity gradient with 11 grassland restoration projects across the United States. We used 1829 vegetation monitoring plots from 227 restoration treatments, spread across 52 sites. We fit generalized linear mixed-effects models to predict six indicators of restoration outcomes as a function of restoration characteristics (i.e., seed mixes, disturbance, management actions, time since restoration) and used variance explained by models and model residuals as proxies for restoration predictability. We did not find consistent support for our hypotheses. Physical structure was among the most predictable outcomes when the response variable was relative abundance of grasses, but unpredictable for total canopy cover. Similarly, one dimension of taxonomic composition related to species identities was unpredictable, but another dimension of taxonomic composition indicating whether exotic or native species dominated the community was highly predictable. Taxonomic diversity (i.e., species richness) and functional composition (i.e., mean trait values) were intermittently predictable. Predictability also did not increase consistently with aridity. The dimension of taxonomic composition related to the identity of species in restored communities was more predictable (i.e., smaller residuals) in more arid sites, but functional composition was less predictable (i.e., larger residuals), and other outcomes showed no significant trend. Restoration outcomes were most predictable when they related to variation in dominant species, while those responding to rare species were harder to predict, indicating a potential role of scale in restoration predictability. Overall, our results highlight additional factors that might influence restoration predictability and add support to the importance of continuous monitoring and active management beyond one-time seed addition for successful grassland restoration in the United States.
Adversarial Learning in Real-World Fraud Detection: Challenges and Perspectives
Creators: name: Lunghi, Danele
name: Simitsis, Alkis
name: Caelen, Olivier
name: Bontempi, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data economy relies on data-driven systems and complex machine learning applications are fueled by them. Unfortunately, however, machine learning models are exposed to fraudulent activities and adversarial attacks, which threaten their security and trustworthiness. In the last decade or so, the research interest on adversarial machine learning has grown significantly, revealing how learning applications could be severely impacted by effective attacks. Although early results of adversarial machine learning indicate the huge potential of the approach to specific domains such as image processing, still there is a gap in both the research literature and practice regarding how to generalize adversarial techniques in other domains and applications. Fraud detection is a critical defense mechanism for data economy, as it is for other applications as well, which poses several challenges for machine learning. In this work, we describe how attacks against fraud detection systems differ from other applications of adversarial machine learning, and propose a number of interesting directions to bridge this gap.
Phase imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy using bright-field balanced divergency method
Creators: name: Wang, Binbin
name: McComb, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a phase imaging mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy that exploits the complementary intensity changes of transmitted disks at different scattering angles. For scanning transmission electron microscopy, this method provides a straightforward, dose-efficient, and noise-robust phase imaging, from atomic resolution to intermediate length scales, as a function of scattering angles and probe defocus. At atomic resolution, we demonstrate that the phase imaging using the method can detect both light and heavy atomic columns. Furthermore, we experimentally apply the method to the imaging of nanoscale magnetic phases in FeGe samples. Compared with conventional methods, phase retrieval using the new method has higher effective spatial resolution and robustness to non-phase background contrast. Our method complements traditional phase imaging modalities in electron microscopy and has the potential to be extended to other scanning transmission techniques and to characterize many emerging material systems.
description: Updated link to codes; Fixed wrong labeling in Figures 3; Updated Figure 5
Mass spectrometric identification of C60 fragmentation regimes under energetic Cs+ bombardment
Creators: name: Zeeshan, Sumaira
name: Javeed, Sumera
name: Ahmad, Shoaib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three C60 fragmentation regimes in fullerite bombarded by Cs+ are identified as a function of its energy. C2 is the major species sputtered at all energies. For E(Cs+) < 1 keV C2 emissions dominate. C2 and C1 have highest intensities between 1 and 3 keV with increasing contributions from C3 and C4. Intensities of all fragments maximize around 2 keV. Above 3 keV, fragments densities stabilize. The roles of and the contributions from direct recoils and collision cascades are determined. Maximum direct recoil energy delivered to the C60 fullerite cage is 210 eV at which only C2 emissions occur is identified and an explanation provided. The three fragmentation regimes under continued Cs+ bombardment eventually lead to complete destruction of the C60 cages transforming fullerite into amorphous carbon
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Spatio-Temporal Surrogates for Interaction of a Jet with High Explosives: Part I -- Analysis with a Small Sample Size
Creators: name: Kamath, Chandrika
name: Franzman, Juliette S.
name: Daub, Brian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Computer simulations, especially of complex phenomena, can be expensive, requiring high-performance computing resources. Often, to understand a phenomenon, multiple simulations are run, each with a different set of simulation input parameters. These data are then used to create an interpolant, or surrogate, relating the simulation outputs to the corresponding inputs. When the inputs and outputs are scalars, a simple machine learning model can suffice. However, when the simulation outputs are vector valued, available at locations in two or three spatial dimensions, often with a temporal component, creating a surrogate is more challenging. In this report, we use a two-dimensional problem of a jet interacting with high explosives to understand how we can build high-quality surrogates. The characteristics of our data set are unique - the vector-valued outputs from each simulation are available at over two million spatial locations; each simulation is run for a relatively small number of time steps; the size of the computational domain varies with each simulation; and resource constraints limit the number of simulations we can run. We show how we analyze these extremely large data-sets, set the parameters for the algorithms used in the analysis, and use simple ways to improve the accuracy of the spatio-temporal surrogates without substantially increasing the number of simulations required.
title: Statusbericht Biologischer Pflanzenschutz 2013
Creators: name: Jehle, Johannes A.
name: Herz, Annette
name: Keller, Brigitte
name: Kleespies, Regina G.
name: Koch, Eckhard
name: Larem, Andreas
name: Schmitt, Annegret
name: Stephan, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2014

description: Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut 173
Heat switch effect in an antiferromagnetic insulator Co$_3$V$_2$O$_8$
Creators: name: Zhao, X.
name: Wu, J. C.
name: Zhao, Z. Y.
name: He, Z. Z.
name: Song, J. D.
name: Zhao, J. Y.
name: Liu, X. G.
name: Sun, X. F.
name: Li, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a heat switch effect in single crystals of an antiferromagnet Co$_3$V$_2$O$_8$, that is, the thermal conductivity ($κ$) can be changed with magnetic field in an extremely large scale. Due to successive magnetic phase transitions at 12--6 K, the zero-field $κ(T)$ displays a deep minimum at 6.7 K and rather small magnitude at low temperatures. Both the temperature and field dependencies of $κ$ demonstrate that the phonons are strongly scattered at the regime of magnetic phase transitions. Magnetic field can suppress magnetic scattering effect and significantly recover the phonon thermal conductivity. In particular, a 14 T field along the $a$ axis increases the $κ$ at 7.5 K up to 100 times. For $H \parallel c$, the magnitude of $κ$ can be suppressed down to $\sim$ 8% at some field-induced transition and can be enhanced up to 20 times at 14 T. The present results demonstrate that it is possible to design a kind of heat switch in the family of magnetic materials.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Appl. Phys. Lett
Time-domain quantum interference in graphene
Creators: name: Fillion-Gourdeau, F.
name: Gagnon, D.
name: Lefebvre, C.
name: MacLean, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron momentum density obtained from the Schwinger-like mechanism is evaluated for a graphene sample immersed in a homogeneous time-dependent electric field. Based on the analogy between graphene low-energy electrons and quantum electrodynamics (QED), numerical techniques borrowed from strong field QED are employed and compared to approximate analytical approaches. It is demonstrated that for some range of experimentally accessible parameters, the pair production proceeds by sequences of adiabatic evolutions followed by non-adiabatic Landau-Zener transitions, reminiscent of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism describing topological defect density in second order phase transitions. For some field configurations, this yields interference patterns in momentum space which are explained in terms of the adiabatic-impulse model and the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interferometry.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
On optimal solutions of the constrained $\ell_0$ regularization and its penalty problem
Creators: name: Zhang, Na
name: Li, Qia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The constrained $\ell_0$ regularization plays an important role in sparse reconstruction. A widely used approach for solving this problem is the penalty method, of which the least square penalty problem is a special case. However, the connections between global minimizers of the constrained $\ell_0$ problem and its penalty problem have never been studied in a systematic way. This work provides a comprehensive investigation on optimal solutions of these two problems and their connections. We give detailed descriptions of optimal solutions of the two problems, including existence, stability with respect to the parameter, cardinality and strictness. In particular, we find that the optimal solution set of the penalty problem is piecewise constant with respect to the penalty parameter. Then we analyze in-depth the relationship between optimal solutions of the two problems. It is shown that, in the noisy case the least square penalty problem probably has no common optimal solutions with the constrained $\ell_0$ problem for any penalty parameter. Under a mild condition on the penalty function, we establish that the penalty problem has the same optimal solution set as the constrained $\ell_0$ problem when the penalty parameter is sufficiently large. Based on the conditions, we further propose exact penalty problems for the constrained $\ell_0$ problem. Finally, we present a numerical example to illustrate our main theoretical results.
On toric locally conformally Kähler manifolds
Creators: name: Madani, Farid
name: Moroianu, Andrei
name: Pilca, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study compact toric strict locally conformally Kähler manifolds. We show that the Kodaira dimension of the underlying complex manifold is $-\infty$ and that the only compact complex surfaces admitting toric strict locally conformally Kähler metrics are the diagonal Hopf surfaces. We also show that every toric Vaisman manifold has lcK rank 1 and is isomorphic to the mapping torus of an automorphism of a toric compact Sasakian manifold.
description: 17 pages
Riemann surface and quantization
Creators: name: Perepelkin, E. E.
name: Sadovnikov, B. I
name: Inozemtseva, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes an approach of the unified consideration of classical and quantum mechanics from the standpoint of the complex analysis effects. It turns out that quantization can be interpreted in terms of the Riemann surface corresponding to the multivalent $\operatorname{Ln}Ψ$ function. A visual interpretation of "trajectories" of the quantum system and of the Feynman's path integral is presented. A magnetic dipole having a magnetic charge that satisfies the Dirac quantization rule was obtained.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Spatio-Temporal Surrogates for Interaction of a Jet with High Explosives: Part II -- Clustering Extremely High-Dimensional Grid-Based Data
Creators: name: Kamath, Chandrika
name: Franzman, Juliette S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Building an accurate surrogate model for the spatio-temporal outputs of a computer simulation is a challenging task. A simple approach to improve the accuracy of the surrogate is to cluster the outputs based on similarity and build a separate surrogate model for each cluster. This clustering is relatively straightforward when the output at each time step is of moderate size. However, when the spatial domain is represented by a large number of grid points, numbering in the millions, the clustering of the data becomes more challenging. In this report, we consider output data from simulations of a jet interacting with high explosives. These data are available on spatial domains of different sizes, at grid points that vary in their spatial coordinates, and in a format that distributes the output across multiple files at each time step of the simulation. We first describe how we bring these data into a consistent format prior to clustering. Borrowing the idea of random projections from data mining, we reduce the dimension of our data by a factor of thousand, making it possible to use the iterative k-means method for clustering. We show how we can use the randomness of both the random projections, and the choice of initial centroids in k-means clustering, to determine the number of clusters in our data set. Our approach makes clustering of extremely high dimensional data tractable, generating meaningful cluster assignments for our problem, despite the approximation introduced in the random projections.
Convex domino towers
Creators: name: Brown, Tricia Muldoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A16

description: We study convex domino towers using a classic dissection technique on polyominoes to find the generating function and an asymptotic approximation.
A Decision Support System to Choose Optimal Release Cycle Length in Incremental Software Development Environments
Creators: name: Suman, Avnish Chandra
name: Mishra, Saraswati
name: Anand, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.9

description: In the last few years it has been seen that many software vendors have started delivering projects incrementally with very short release cycles. Best examples of success of this approach has been Ubuntu Operating system that has a 6 months release cycle and popular web browsers such as Google Chrome, Opera, Mozilla Firefox. However there is very little knowledge available to the project managers to validate the chosen release cycle length. We propose a decision support system that helps to validate and estimate release cycle length in the early development phase by assuming that release cycle length is directly affected by three factors, (i) choosing right requirements for current cycle, (ii) estimating proximal time for each requirement, (iii) requirement wise feedback from last iteration based on product reception, model accuracy and failed requirements. We have altered and used the EVOLVE technique proposed by G. Ruhe to select best requirements for current cycle and map it to time domain using UCP (Use Case Points) based estimation and feedback factors. The model has been evaluated on both in-house as well as industry projects.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 16 tables
Visual Saliency Detection Based on Multiscale Deep CNN Features
Creators: name: Li, Guanbin
name: Yu, Yizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual saliency is a fundamental problem in both cognitive and computational sciences, including computer vision. In this paper, we discover that a high-quality visual saliency model can be learned from multiscale features extracted using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which have had many successes in visual recognition tasks. For learning such saliency models, we introduce a neural network architecture, which has fully connected layers on top of CNNs responsible for feature extraction at three different scales. The penultimate layer of our neural network has been confirmed to be a discriminative high-level feature vector for saliency detection, which we call deep contrast feature. To generate a more robust feature, we integrate handcrafted low-level features with our deep contrast feature. To promote further research and evaluation of visual saliency models, we also construct a new large database of 4447 challenging images and their pixelwise saliency annotations. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method is capable of achieving state-of-the-art performance on all public benchmarks, improving the F- measure by 6.12% and 10.0% respectively on the DUT-OMRON dataset and our new dataset (HKU-IS), and lowering the mean absolute error by 9% and 35.3% respectively on these two datasets.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
HIRAX: A Probe of Dark Energy and Radio Transients
Creators: name: Newburgh, L. B.
name: Bandura, K.
name: Bucher, M. A.
name: Chang, T. -C.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Cliche, J. F.
name: Dave, R.
name: Dobbs, M.
name: Clarkson, C.
name: Ganga, K. M.
name: Gogo, T.
name: Gumba, A.
name: Gupta, N.
name: Hilton, M.
name: Johnstone, B.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Kunz, M.
name: Lokhorst, D.
name: Maartens, R.
name: Macpherson, S.
name: Mdlalose, M.
name: Moodley, K.
name: Ngwenya, L.
name: Parra, J. M.
name: Peterson, J.
name: Recnik, O.
name: Saliwanchik, B.
name: Santos, M. G.
name: Sievers, J. L.
name: Smirnov, O.
name: Stronkhorst, P.
name: Taylor, R.
name: Vanderlinde, K.
name: Van Vuuren, G.
name: Weltman, A.
name: Witzemann, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment (HIRAX) is a new 400-800MHz radio interferometer under development for deployment in South Africa. HIRAX will comprise 1024 six meter parabolic dishes on a compact grid and will map most of the southern sky over the course of four years. HIRAX has two primary science goals: to constrain Dark Energy and measure structure at high redshift, and to study radio transients and pulsars. HIRAX will observe unresolved sources of neutral hydrogen via their redshifted 21-cm emission line (`hydrogen intensity mapping'). The resulting maps of large-scale structure at redshifts 0.8-2.5 will be used to measure Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). HIRAX will improve upon current BAO measurements from galaxy surveys by observing a larger cosmological volume (larger in both survey area and redshift range) and by measuring BAO at higher redshift when the expansion of the universe transitioned to Dark Energy domination. HIRAX will complement CHIME, a hydrogen intensity mapping experiment in the Northern Hemisphere, by completing the sky coverage in the same redshift range. HIRAX's location in the Southern Hemisphere also allows a variety of cross-correlation measurements with large-scale structure surveys at many wavelengths. Daily maps of a few thousand square degrees of the Southern Hemisphere, encompassing much of the Milky Way galaxy, will also open new opportunities for discovering and monitoring radio transients. The HIRAX correlator will have the ability to rapidly and eXperimentciently detect transient events. This new data will shed light on the poorly understood nature of fast radio bursts (FRBs), enable pulsar monitoring to enhance long-wavelength gravitational wave searches, and provide a rich data set for new radio transient phenomena searches. This paper discusses the HIRAX instrument, science goals, and current status.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Cooperative resonances in light scattering from two-dimensional atomic arrays
Creators: name: Shahmoon, Ephraim
name: Wild, Dominik S.
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider light scattering off a two-dimensional (2D) dipolar array and show how it can be tailored by properly choosing the lattice constant of the order of the incident wavelength. In particular, we demonstrate that such arrays can operate as nearly perfect mirrors for a wide range of incident angles and frequencies close to the individual atomic resonance. These results can be understood in terms of the cooperative resonances of the surface modes supported by the 2D array. Experimental realizations are discussed, using ultracold arrays of trapped atoms and excitons in 2D semiconductor materials, as well as potential applications ranging from atomically thin metasurfaces to single photon nonlinear optics and nanomechanics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Document
Animal Supplementary Feed Workshop
Creators: name: Participants
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: kale, fodder beet, swede

description: Presentations and notes from the Animal Supplementary Feeds Workshop held at Lincoln, New Zealand 5 December 2017
description: The New Zealand pastoral industries are a very significant contributor to GDP and export earnings. Supplementary feeds are a strategic component of this industry. In particular, whether grazed or harvested for later use, thee feeds supplement during periods of high demand and during low supply. This document is intended to capture the presentations and thoughts of participants from a wide range of organisations involved in supplementary feed from supply to use, research to regulation. We particularly thank the participants and also the organisations they represent for providing the financial support to attend and participate. Although a lot is lost by simply capturing presentation slides rather than the full content of a presentation, we hope that at least some value can be gained from refreshing memories of specific presentations.
The ASEP and determinantal point processes
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Olshanski, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a family of discrete determinantal point processes related to orthogonal polynomials on the real line, with correlation kernels defined via spectral projections for the associated Jacobi matrices. For classical weights, we show how such ensembles arise as limits of various hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials ensembles. We then prove that the q-Laplace transform of the height function of the ASEP with step initial condition is equal to the expectation of a simple multiplicative functional on a discrete Laguerre ensemble --- a member of the new family. This allows us to obtain the large time asymptotics of the ASEP in three limit regimes: (a) for finitely many rightmost particles; (b) GUE Tracy-Widom asymptotics of the height function; (c) KPZ asymptotics of the height function for the ASEP with weak asymmetry. We also give similar results for two instances of the stochastic six vertex model in a quadrant. The proofs are based on limit transitions for the corresponding determinantal point processes.
description: 47 pages
Animal Supplementary Feed Workshop
Creators: name: Various
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: kale, fodder beet, swede

description: Presentations and notes from the Animal Supplementary Feeds Workshop held at Lincoln, New Zealand 5 December 2017
description: The New Zealand pastoral industries are a very significant contributor to GDP and export earnings. Supplementary feeds are a strategic component of this industry. In particular, whether grazed or harvested for later use, thee feeds supplement during periods of high demand and during low supply.

This document is intended to capture the presentations and thoughts of participants from a wide range of organisations involved in supplementary feed from supply to use, research to regulation. We particularly thank the participants and also the organisations they represent for providing the financial support to attend and participate.

Although a lot is lost by simply capturing presentation slides rather than the full content of a presentation, we hope that at least some value can be gained from refreshing memories of specific presentations.
Formal refinement of extended state machines
Creators: name: Fayolle, Thomas
name: Frappier, Marc
name: Laleau, Régine
name: Gervais, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a traditional formal development process, e.g. using the B method, the informal user requirements are (manually) translated into a global abstract formal specification. This translation is especially difficult to achieve. The Event-B method was developed to incrementally and formally construct such a specification using stepwise refinement. Each increment takes into account new properties and system aspects. In this paper, we propose to couple a graphical notation called Algebraic State-Transition Diagrams (ASTD) with an Event-B specification in order to provide a better understanding of the software behaviour. The dynamic behaviour is captured by the ASTD, which is based on automata and process algebra operators, while the data model is described by means of an Event-B specification. We propose a methodology to incrementally refine such specification couplings, taking into account new refinement relations and consistency conditions between the control specification and the data specification. We compare the specifications obtained using each approach for readability and proof complexity. The advantages and drawbacks of the traditional approach and of our methodology are discussed. The whole process is illustrated by a railway CBTC-like case study. Our approach is supported by tools for translating ASTD's into B and Event-B into B.
description: In Proceedings Refine'15, arXiv:1606.01344
Proceedings and Notes from the Soils Research and Irrigation in Canterbury one day regional workshop
Creators: name: Various Authors
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: These proceedings are intended to recover useful information and insights from Workshops in a manner that is faithful to the intent, and in an open and readily accessible manner. Frequently, Workshops of this nature present current information not otherwise published and therefore hard or impossible to find later.
description: Analysis and report from the Workshop also available https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1451966
Big Data Refinement
Creators: name: Boiten, Eerke A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: "Big data" has become a major area of research and associated funding, as well as a focus of utopian thinking. In the still growing research community, one of the favourite optimistic analogies for data processing is that of the oil refinery, extracting the essence out of the raw data. Pessimists look for their imagery to the other end of the petrol cycle, and talk about the "data exhausts" of our society. Obviously, the refinement community knows how to do "refining". This paper explores the extent to which notions of refinement and data in the formal methods community relate to the core concepts in "big data". In particular, can the data refinement paradigm can be used to explain aspects of big data processing?
description: In Proceedings Refine'15, arXiv:1606.01344
Putting the Fair in Welfare: Charting Shifts in Public Attitudes Towards Social Welfare Since the Emergence of Covid-19
Creators: name: Catz Johnson, Zoe
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Welfare
subject: Covid-19
subject: Public Opinion
subject: UK
subject: US

description: My thesis examines whether the Covid-19 pandemic influenced public attitudes towards welfare in the United Kingdom and the United States. In order to make my analysis a cross-national one, I choose to analyze two countries rather than just one. I focus on the UK and US because they are two nations with a similar history, culture, and international power, yet with welfare states that are vastly different in size and scope. I source the public opinion survey data from the National Centre for Research (NatCen) and the National Opinion Research Center (NORC), gathering and cleaning data over a period of months beginning in April 2022 and ending in July 2022. In my thesis, I combine the data from eight key survey questions most relating to public attitude towards welfare. I concentrated on data from 2014 to 2021, to have input on public opinion preceding, at the height of, and in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic. I find that while the majority of public opinion trends examined do not undergo huge fluctuations since the Covid-19 pandemic, American respondents show steadily increasing support for welfare and somewhat support for income redistribution policies in a long-term trend since 2014, while British support for welfare increases from 2014 to 2019, while remaining largely stable during the pandemic.
Comparative genomics reveal a novel phylotaxonomic order in the genus Fusobacterium
Creators: name: Forni, Diego
name: Molteni, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics
classificationCode: 310410
subject: Phylogeny and comparative analysis

description: Alignment and phylogenetic tree data of Fusobacteria species used to generate results and analyses in the manuscript titled: "Comparative genomics reveal a novel phylotaxonomic order in the genus Fusobacterium".
Minority Games With Applications to Distributed Decision Making and Control in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Ranadheera, Shermila
name: Maghsudi, Setareh
name: Hossain, Ekram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fifth generation (5G) dense small cell networks (SCNs) are expected to meet the thousand-fold mobile traffic challenge within the next few years. When developing solution schemes for resource allocation problems in such networks, conventional centralized control is no longer viable due to excessive computational complexity and large signaling overhead caused by the large number of users and network nodes in such a network. Instead, distributed resource allocation (or decision making) methods with low complexity would be desirable to make the network self-organizing and autonomous. Minority game (MG) has recently gained attention of the research community as a tool to model and solve distributed resource allocation problems. The main objective of this article is to study the applicability of the MG to solve the distributed decision making problems in future wireless networks. We present the fundamental theoretical aspects of basic MG, some variants of MG, and the notion of equilibrium. We also study the current state-of-the-art on the applications of MGs in communication networks. Furthermore, we describe an example application of MG to SCNs, where the problem of computation offloading by users in an SCN is modeled and analyzed using MG.
Unifying Theories of Mobile Channels
Creators: name: Ngondi, Gerard Ekembe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F3, F4.1

description: In this paper we present the denotational semantics for channel mobility in the Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) semantics framework. The basis for the model is the UTP theory of reactive processes (precisely, the UTP semantics for Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP)), which is slightly extended to allow the mobility of channels: the set of actions in which a process is authorised to participate, originally static or constant (set during the process's definition), is now made dynamic or variable: it can change during the process's execution. A channel is thus moved around by communicating it via other channels and then allowing the receiving process to extend its alphabet with the received channel. New healthiness conditions are stated to ensure an appropriate use of mobile channels.
description: In Proceedings Refine'15, arXiv:1606.01344
Resonance fluorescence from a telecom-wavelength quantum dot
Creators: name: Al-Khuzheyri, R.
name: Dada, A. C.
name: Huwer, J.
name: Santana, T. S.
name: Szymanska, J. Skiba-
name: Felle, M.
name: Ward, M. B.
name: Stevenson, R. M.
name: Farrer, I.
name: Tanner, M. G.
name: Hadfield, R. H.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Shields, A. J.
name: Gerardot, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on resonance fluorescence from a single quantum dot emitting at telecom wavelengths. We perform high-resolution spectroscopy and observe the Mollow triplet in the Rabi regime--a hallmark of resonance fluorescence. The measured resonance-fluorescence spectra allow us to rule out pure dephasing as a significant decoherence mechanism in these quantum dots. Combined with numerical simulations, the experimental results provide robust characterisation of charge noise in the environment of the quantum dot. Resonant control of the quantum dot opens up new possibilities for on-demand generation of indistinguishable single photons at telecom wavelengths as well as quantum optics experiments and direct manipulation of solid-state qubits in telecom-wavelength quantum dots.
A PC-Kriging-HDMR integrated with an adaptive sequential sampling strategy for high-dimensional approximate modeling
Creators: name: Zhang, Yili
name: Huang, Hanyan
name: Xiong, Mei
name: Yao, Zengquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-dimensional complex multi-parameter problems are prevalent in engineering, exceeding the capabilities of traditional surrogate models designed for low/medium-dimensional problems. These models face the curse of dimensionality, resulting in decreased modeling accuracy as the design parameter space expands. Furthermore, the lack of a parameter decoupling mechanism hinders the identification of couplings between design variables, particularly in highly nonlinear cases. To address these challenges and enhance prediction accuracy while reducing sample demand, this paper proposes a PC-Kriging-HDMR approximate modeling method within the framework of Cut-HDMR. The method leverages the precision of PC-Kriging and optimizes test point placement through a multi-stage adaptive sequential sampling strategy. This strategy encompasses a first-stage adaptive proportional sampling criterion and a second-stage central-based maximum entropy criterion. Numerical tests and a practical application involving a cantilever beam demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. Key findings include: (1) The performance of traditional single-surrogate models, such as Kriging, significantly deteriorates in high-dimensional nonlinear problems compared to combined surrogate models under the Cut-HDMR framework (e.g., Kriging-HDMR, PCE-HDMR, SVR-HDMR, MLS-HDMR, and PC-Kriging-HDMR); (2) The number of samples required for PC-Kriging-HDMR modeling increases polynomially rather than exponentially as the parameter space expands, resulting in substantial computational cost reduction; (3) Among existing Cut-HDMR methods, no single approach outperforms the others in all aspects. However, PC-Kriging-HDMR exhibits improved modeling accuracy and efficiency within the desired improvement range compared to PCE-HDMR and Kriging-HDMR, demonstrating robustness.
description: 17 pages with 7 figures and 9 tables
A logic for n-dimensional hierarchical refinement
Creators: name: Madeira, Alexandre
name: Martins, Manuel A.
name: Barbosa, Luís S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4;F.3.1

description: Hierarchical transition systems provide a popular mathematical structure to represent state-based software applications in which different layers of abstraction are represented by inter-related state machines. The decomposition of high level states into inner sub-states, and of their transitions into inner sub-transitions is common refinement procedure adopted in a number of specification formalisms. This paper introduces a hybrid modal logic for k-layered transition systems, its first-order standard translation, a notion of bisimulation, and a modal invariance result. Layered and hierarchical notions of refinement are also discussed in this setting.
description: In Proceedings Refine'15, arXiv:1606.01344