Daedalma dinias subsp. emma Pyrcz & Greeney 2011, n. ssp.
Creators: name: Pyrcz, Tomasz W.
name: Greeney, Harold F.
name: Willmott, Keith R.
name: Wojtusiak, Janusz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Daedalma
Daedalma dinias
Daedalma dinias emma pyrcz &amp; greeney

description: Daedalma dinias emma Pyrcz & Greeney, n. ssp.   
(Figs. 1G, 1H, 8F, 13C)  
 Material examined: ECUADOR: HOLOTYPE male: Napo, Cosanga, Estación Científica Yanayacu, 2100 m, 03.I.2004, T. Pyrcz leg., red, rectangular label saying: Holotype, MZUJ; PARATYPES (19 males and 5 females): 2 males: Napo, Cuyuja, 2300 m, 02.II.2004, P. Boyer leg. PBF; 2 males: Napo, Cerro Condijua nr. Baeza, 2500 m, 16.III.1995, K. Willmott & J. Hall leg., KWJH; 2 males: same data as preceding, FLMNH; 2 males: Napo, nr. Cosanga, Estación Científica Yanayacu, 2000 m, 24.XI.2006, K. Willmott leg., FLMNH; 1 male: Napo, Cord. Huacamayos, La Virgen, 2250 m, 12.X.1996, K. Willmott leg., KWJH; 1 female: Napo, Yanayacu, 2200 m, 19.IX.2004, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 1 male: Napo, Baeza, 2200 m, 22.XII.2000, F. Piñas leg., FPQ; 1 male: Napo, Quijos valley, Yanayacu Station, 2200 m, voucher n o 99-988, time: 11.00, 23.XI.1999, H. Greeney leg., FPQ; 1 male: Hacienda San Isidro, 08.XII.1996, 3:30PM, bamboo forest, sunny, T. Walla leg., n o. 1254, FPQ; 1 female: Napo, Yanayacu, 2100 m, 30.XI.2002, no. 8373, J-C. Petit leg., JCP; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 26.X.2007, H07-1336, MZUJ; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 24.X.2007, H07-1335, MZUJ; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 23.X.2007, H07-1332, MZUJ; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 25.X.2007, H07-1331, MZUJ; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 24.X.2007, H07-1340, MZUJ; 1 male: Yanayacu Biological Station, 25.X.2007, H07-1338, MZUJ; 1 female: Yanayacu Biological Station, 23.X.2007, H07-1337, MZUJ; 1 female: Yanayacu Biological Station, 29.X.2007, H07-1334, MZUJ; 1 female: Yanayacu Biological Station, 23.X.2007, H07-1339 (eclosed), MZUJ.   
 Description: MALE (Fig. 1G): Head, thorax and abdomen: not differing from nominate subspecies. Wings: FW length: 23–25 mm, mean: 24 mm, n=7. FWD ground colour blackish brown; reddish orange patch much smaller than in nominate subspecies, romeliana and salmoni, oval, entering discal cell and touching vein Cu2; HWD ground colour blackish brown, same as in other subspecies. FWV median brick red patch narrower than on the upperside, faint and overcast with a dark brown, in some specimens heavy, suffusion, similarily to D. rubroreducta. HWV ground colour chocolate brown, darker than in salmoni or leticia. Genitalia (Fig. 8F): Uncus and gnathos stout, broader than in granadillas n. ssp. and leticia, particularly gnathos; saccus same length as in granadillas and romeliana, shorter than in leticia; dorsal surface of valvae towards apex slightly serrate, apical process blunt, compared to pointed process in other subspecies; aedeagus similar to most other subspecies but slightly shorter than in salmoni and nominate.   
 FEMALE (Fig. 1H): FW length: 25–27 mm, mean: 26 mm, n=4. FWD and FWV orange patch slightly smaller, otherwise similar to other subspecies. Genitalia (Fig. 13C): Differs from the nominal subspecies by the shape of Vshaped batten on lamella postvaginalis that is more sharply bent in the middle. Anterior wall of sinus vaginalislamella antevaginalis without parallel wrinkles. Ductus bursae much shorter than the length of the bursa. Bursa copulatrix larger than in nominate subspecies. Sinus vaginalis slightly wider than in the nominal form.   
 Early stages: Hostplant: Chusquea cf. scandens, Poaceae (2100 m, Yanayacu, Napo, Ecuador).   
EGGS-FOURTH INSTAR: Data not available.  
 FIFTH INSTAR (Fig. 20A): Overall form similar to D. rubroreducta (Figs. 19A, 19B). Larval patterning similarly complex, but dark brown areas reduced, especially on lateral areas of abdomen where the dark patch in dinias is generally square rather than triangular as in D. rubroreducta. Daedalma dinias also has more extensive green markings on the body, especially dorsally on the thorax and subdorsally on the terminal abdominal segments. These give the larvae an overall “mossier” appearance.   
 PUPA (Figs. 20B, 20C): Pupa similarly complexly sculptured as in D. rubroreducta (Figs. 19C, 19D). Most notable differences in shape are form of the head, thoracic, and abdominal projections. Head projections of dinias are slightly longer and flatter, more widely separated, curve slightly upwards, and are more strongly notched on inner margin. Thoracic projection of dinias more flattened, expanded near apex giving a clubbed appearance from side, and posterior edge of projection bears a small protrusion. Pair of abdominal projections of dinias also more flattened, projecting slightly backwards, and distinctly three-lobed. Both species show some variation in extent of metallic green patterning but overall green markings are reduced in dinias. Most notably green areas are reduced on all projections and angled green line traversing wing pads does not reach anterio-dorsal margin of wing pad.   
 Etymology: This subspecies is dedicated to Emma Espinoza Carabali, from Quito.   
 Remarks: Daedalma dinias emma is found on the eastern slopes of the Andes in Ecuador (Tungurahua to Napo). It is replaced further south, in Morona-Santiago, by D. d. granadillas n. ssp., described below. This uncommon subspecies is found at slightly lower elevations than its Colombian Central Cordilleran allies, generally at 2100–2200 m, where it occurs in perhumid areas of cloud forests.
description: Published as part of Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Greeney, Harold F., Willmott, Keith R. & Wojtusiak, Janusz, 2011, 2898, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2898 on pages 12-13