cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A study of Rose Bengal against a 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase as an antibiotic candidate
Creators: name: Kim, Suwon
name: Jo, Seri
name: Kim, Mi-Sun
name: Shin, Dong Hae
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Frequent occurrences of multi-drug resistance of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria threaten human beings. The CMP-2-keto-3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid biosynthesis pathway is one of the new targets for antibiotic design. 2-Keto-3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (KdsB) is the key enzyme in this pathway. KdsB proteins from Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp), B. thailandensis (Bt), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), and Chlamydia psittaci (Cp) have been assayed to find inhibitors. Interestingly, Rose Bengal (4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodofluorescein) was turned out to be an inhibitor of three KdsBs (BpKdsB, BtKdsB, and PaKdsB) with promising IC50 values and increased thermostability. The inhibitory enzyme kinetics of Rose Bengal revealed that it is competitive with 2-keto-3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) but non-competitive against cytidine 5′-triphosphate (CTP). Induced-fit docking analysis of PaKdsB revealed that Arg160 and Arg185 together with other interactions in the substrate binding site seemed to play an important role in binding with Rose Bengal. We suggest that Rose Bengal can be used as the scaffold to develop potential antibiotics.
Seawater effects on water flow and solute mobility in peat soils
Creators: name: Gosch, Lennart
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 550 Earth sciences

description: This thesis aimed to reveal seawater effects on peat soil processes using different laboratory flow-through experiments. The results show that the effects depend on the environmental conditions, which are in turn affected by the peatland’s land-use history. The interaction of geochemical and hydrophysical soil properties determines the mobility of solutes. Initial leaching and desorption processes and, later on, an enhanced, sulfate-related decomposition of organic matter may lead to nutrient emission into adjacent aquatic ecosystems.
Выражение авторской модальности посредством английских художественных антропонимов в предикативном аспекте диктемы
Creators: name: Старостина, Юлия
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2023
Subjects: proper noun
dictum
predication
authorial modality
linguistics of fiction text
имя собственное
диктема
предикация
авторская модальность
лингвистика художественного текста

description: Russian Linguistic Bulletin, Выпуск 12 (48) 2023
On the definition of matter collineations
Creators: name: Qadir, Asghar
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that when the stress-energy tensor of a spacetime is diagonal and is written in the mixed form, its collineations admit infinite dimensional Lie algebras except possibly in the case when the tensor depends on all the spacetime coordinates. The result can be extended for more general second rank tensors.
Methoden zur Erhöhung der Formaldehydproduktivität und -selektivität in der Methanoxidation über Silica-geträgerten VOx-Katalysatoren
Creators: name: Kunkel, Benny
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die Möglichkeit zur Steigerung der Formaldehydproduktivität von VOx/SiO2-Katalysatoren in der Selektivoxidation von Methan durch Syntheseoptimierung, Wasserzudosierung und Modellierung untersucht.
A short proof that adding some permutation rules to $β$ preserves $SN$
Creators: name: David, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: I show that, if a term is $SN$ for $β$, it remains $SN$ when some permutation rules are added.
description: Theoretical Computer Science, 2010
null altersabhängige Einfluss von Stickstoffmonoxid auf die synaptische Plastizität am medialen Tractus perforans
Creators: name: Wende, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Am medialen Tractus perforans der Ratte werden präsynaptische HCN-Kanäle spezifisch in früh-postnatalen Tieren exprimiert. Durch Blockade- und Rettungsversuche einer in vitro induzierten Langzeitpotenzierung konnte eine Abhängigkeit der HCN-Kanäle vom NO/cGMP-Signal sowie deren Bedeutung für die Plastizität der früh-postnatalen Synapsen am medialen Tractus perforans demonstriert werden.
Funktionelle Konnektivität des dorsolateralen präfrontalen Cortex als Prädiktor für die Transferleistung des Arbeitsgedächtnisses beim gesunden älteren Menschen
Creators: name: Waldenmaier, Julia Maria Katharina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Nach einem kognitiven Training an gesunden älteren Probanden wurde die Eignung der globalen funktionellen Ruhekonnektivität des dorsolateralen präfrontalen Cortex als Prädiktor für die Transferleistung des visuell-räumlichen und verbalen Arbeitsgedächtnisses untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit zeigen, dass selbst nach einem vierwöchigen kognitiven Training Transfereffekte in das Arbeitsgedächtnis möglich sind, was die Annahme für erhaltene neuronale Plastizität im Alter stützt. Die g-rsFC des rechten dlPFC war ein starker Prädiktor für eine Transferleistung des visuellen AG.
The SAURON project - XVIII. The integrated UV-linestrength relations of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Bureau, Martin
name: Jeong, Hyunjin
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Houghton, Ryan C. W.
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: de Zeeuw, P. Tim
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Falcon-Barroso, Jesus
name: Krajnovic, Davor
name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: McDermid, Richard M.
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Sohn, Young-Jong
name: Thomas, Daniel
name: Bosch, Remco C. E. van den
name: van de Ven, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using far (FUV) and near (NUV) ultraviolet photometry from guest investigator programmes on the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) satellite, optical photometry from the MDM Observatory and optical integral-field spectroscopy from SAURON, we explore the UV-linestrength relations of the 48 nearby early-type galaxies in the SAURON sample. Identical apertures are used for all quantities, avoiding aperture mismatch. We show that galaxies with purely old stellar populations show well-defined correlations of the integrated FUV-V and FUV-NUV colours with the integrated Mgb and Hbeta absorption linestrength indices, strongest for FUV-NUV. Correlations with the NUV-V colour, Fe5015 index and stellar velocity dispersion are much weaker. These correlations put stringent constraints on the origin of the UV-upturn phenomenon in early-type galaxies, and highlight its dependence on age and metallicity. In particular, despite recent debate, we recover the negative correlation between FUV-V colour and Mg linestrength originally publicised by Burstein et al. (1988), which we refer to as the "Burstein relation", suggesting a positive dependence of the UV-upturn on metallicity. We argue that the scatter in the correlations is real, and present mild evidence that a strong UV excess is preferentially present in slow-rotating galaxies. We also demonstrate that most outliers in the correlations are galaxies with current or recent star formation, some at very low levels. We believe that this sensitivity to weak star formation, afforded by the deep and varied data available for the SAURON sample, explains why our results are occasionally at odds with other recent but shallower surveys. This is supported by the analysis of a large, carefully-crafted sample of more distant early-type galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), more easily comparable with current and future large surveys.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 18 pages, 10 figures, LaTeX
Hydrogen bond lifetimes and equilibria in hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids
Creators: name: Neumann, Jan
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: This work investigates the hydrogen bond (HB) lifetimes and equilibrium in hydroxyl-functionalized pyridinium-based ionic liquids. Two types of intermolecular HBs are observed: typical cation-anion HBs are competing with atypical cation-cation HBs . By employing molecular dynamics simulations, the equilibrium between those HBs was examined as a function of temperature and alkyl chain length. In addition, the influence of the different HBs on the structure and dynamics of the ionic liquid are discussed. Also, HB lifetimes where examined.
Additional file 1 of Accurate machine learning-based germination detection, prediction and quality assessment of three grain crops
Creators: name: Genze, Nikita
name: Bharti, Richa
name: Grieb, Michael
name: Schultheiss, Sebastian J.
name: Grimm, Dominik G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Additional tables and figures.
null Bedeutung des TRPM 7-Kanals für die Spontanaktivität der glatten Muskulatur
Creators: name: Mestermann, Carolin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Ursprung der spontanen phasisch-rhythmischen Kontraktionen glattmuskulärer Organe sind die ICC. Das fundamentale Schrittmacherereignis ist trotz seiner hohen klinischen Relevanz bislang nicht eindeutig identifiziert. Ein neuer Kandidat für den Schrittmacherstrom soll der TRPM7-Kanal sein. Diese Hypothese wird innerhalb dieser Arbeit sowohl an glattmuskulären Gewebepräparaten von Antrum, Colon, Portalvene und Uterus der Ratte als auch an kultivierten gastralen ICC durch pharmakologische Hemmung des TRPM7-Kanals untersucht.
Специфика политического дискурса в газетных статьях (на материале современного английского языка)
Creators: name: Сообщество рецензентов Международного научно-исследовательского журнала
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2023
Subjects: discourse
newspaper political discourse
media text
author of a newspaper political article
quotation
introductory markers
evaluative words
дискурс
газетно-политический дискурс
медиатекст
автор газетной политической статьи
цитация
вводные маркеры
оценочные слова

description: Russian Linguistic Bulletin, Выпуск 12 (48) 2023
Prätherapeutische Diagnostik beim Rektumkarzinom: leitlinienbasierte Empfehlung und praktische Umsetzung an einem universitären Darmkrebszentrum
Creators: name: Wagner, Paul-Friedrich Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 080 General collections
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: 117 Patienten wurden als Gesamtkollektiv im Studienzeitraum betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, dass in einigen Befunden erhebliche Abweichungen von der aktuellen S3-Leitlinie zur prätherapeutischen Diagnostik vorhanden sind und dass regelmäßige Qualitätskontrollen über die Erhebung der Ist-Situation notwendig sind, um eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung der Diagnostik und Therapie zu gewährleisten. Die Fallzahlen gilt es in zukünftigen Studien mit anderen Darmkrebszentren zu vergleichen, um kosten- und zeitintensive Wiederholungen einzelner Untersuchungen zu vermeiden.
Vergleichende Untersuchungen zum Einfluss eines Moringablattextraktes auf hormonrezeptorpositive und hormonrezeptornegative Mammakarzinomzellen (MCF-7 und MDA-MB-231)
Creators: name: Oelbe, Inga
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Untersucht wurde der Einfluss eines Moringablattextraktes auf hormonrezeptorpositive (MCF-7) und -negative (MDA-MB-231) Mammakarzinomzellen anhand vier ausgewählter Zelltests sowie metabolischer Untersuchungen, welche Zellproliferation und Zellviabilität nach 24h Inkubation der Testsubstanzen quantifizierten. Es zeigte sich eine dosisabhängige Extraktwirkung auf beide Zellreihen ohne Präferenz. Die Referenzsubstanzen wirkten stärker auf MCF-7-Zellen. Dies legt nahe, dass letztere eher hormonrezeptorabhängig wirken, der Extrakt aber als Vielstoffgemisch andere Wirkmechanismen bespielt.
MRT-Darstellung der Distribution nanopartikulär markierter adipogener Stammzellen nach in vivo Applikation zellbesiedelter Kollagenträger in SCID-Mäuse
Creators: name: Hasler, Caroline
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich dem Ziel, die Abwanderung nanopartikulär markierter adipogener Stammzellen in ortsferne Gewebe und Organe nach subkutaner Applikation mittels MRT zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Mausmodell eingesetzt. Die MRT-Untersuchungen erfolgten longitudinal: vor der Intervention bis zum 3. Monat. Durch Änderungen der Signalintensität in den MRT-Bildern wurde indirekt auf mögliche Nanopartikelablagerungen in den untersuchten Organen und Geweben geschlossen. Die Visualisierung einzelner Zellen war mit dem gewählten experimentellen Ansatz nicht realisierbar.
Curvature and Weyl collineations of spacetimes
Creators: name: Kashif, A. R.
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lie symmetries of various geometrical and physical quantities in general relativity play an important role in understanding the curvature structure of manifolds. The Riemann curvature and Weyl tensors are two fourth-rank tensors in the theory. Interrelations between the symmetries of these two tensors (known as collineations) are studied. Some illustrative examples are also provided.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 5-(hydroxamic acid)methyl oxazolidinone derivatives as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors
Creators: name: Phillips, Oludotun A.
name: Bosso, Mira A.
name: Ezeamuzie, Charles I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Oxazolidinone hydroxamic acid derivatives were synthesised and evaluated for inhibitory activity against leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis in three in vitro cell-based test systems and on direct inhibition of recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Thirteen of the 19 compounds synthesised were considered active ((50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) ≤ 10 µM in two or more test systems)). Increasing alkyl chain length on the hydroxamic acid moiety enhanced activity and morpholinyl-containing derivatives were more active than N-acetyl-piperizinyl derivatives. The IC50 values in cell-based assay systems were comparable to those obtained by direct inhibition of 5-LO activity, confirming that the compounds are direct inhibitors of 5-LO. Particularly, compounds PH-249 and PH-251 had outstanding potencies (IC50 < 1 µM), comparable to that of the prototype 5-LO inhibitor, zileuton. Pronounced in vivo activity was demonstrated in zymosan-induced peritonitis in mice. These novel oxazolidinone hydroxamic acid derivatives are, therefore, potent 5-LO inhibitors with potential application as anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agents.
Vergleich der stationären Inanspruchnahme Population der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie in Rostock und in Liestal
Creators: name: Koppe, Sigrid Sophie
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die stationäre Inanspruchnahme zweier Kliniken für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie in den Städten Rostock und Liestal in der Schweiz retrospektiv verglichen. Dabei zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede in der Anzahl und Dauer der Aufenthalte, beim Alter, Geschlecht, Elternhaus, bei den gestellten Diagnosen und in der Art der Therapie insbesondere der medikamentösen Therapie.
Provincial Public Infrastructure Spending and Financing in Alberta: Searching for a Better Course
Creators: name: McMillan, Melville
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2019

description: Alberta’s provincial government investment and capital stocks have followed a rather varied and unusual path since 1961, a path characterized by large swings in both. This paper seeks to understand those developments better and suggest directions for improvement. Relative to other provinces, Alberta has a low level of provincial net capital stock relative to GDP but a high level of capital stock and investment per person. Investigation here shows that the reason for this seeming anomaly is that the Alberta economy is different in notable and generally unappreciated ways from the economies in other provinces. The results indicate that interprovincial comparisons to GDP can often be misleading. Also, household income, not GDP, appears to be the major determinant of public infrastructure. Since 2008, the Alberta government has relied increasingly on debt finance. There is a need for caution because what appear to be (inter-provincially) moderate levels of debt relative to GDP are large relative to provincial government revenue (which is argued to be a more meaningful comparator). Utilizing public investment to help stabilize the economy has been mixed in Alberta over the long term. However, the overall surplus/deficit pattern has been much more counter-cyclic. More emphasis has been placed on stabilization since 2000 and especially so during the 2009 and 2015 downturns. While both those downturns are linked to long-term resource revenue setbacks (the lasting drop in natural gas prices and the drop in oil prices that is expected to diminish the provincial government’s resource revenues for some time), they have been treated as if caused by cyclic rather than structural changes. The result is that reserve funds have been drained and the province has dramatically increased debt (largely it is argued to support capital investment) and continues to do so even as the economy gradually improves. Provincial finances need adjustment to the longer-term realities. More stable capital funding would be a component. Possibilities are noted and suggestions are offered.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol 12 (2019)
Goos-Haenchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts of a nondiffracting Bessel beam
Creators: name: Aiello, Andrea
name: Woerdman, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Goos-Haenchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts are diffractive corrections to geometrical optics that have been extensively studied for a Gaussian beam that is reflected or transmitted by a dielectric interface. Propagating in free space before and after reflection or transmission, such a Gaussian beam spreads due to diffraction. We address here the question how the Goos-Haenchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts behave for a ``nondiffracting'' Bessel beam.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Effekt des Zetapotenzials von chemisch modifizierten Materialoberflächen auf die Zellphysiologie und Morphologie von Osteoblasten
Creators: name: Grüning, Martina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Permanente Implantate sollen spezifische zelluläre Reaktionen mit dem Ziel der Geweberegeneration und der Integrationsbeschleunigung unterstützen. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss der Oberflächenladung auf die Interaktion von humanen Osteoblasten mit chemisch modifizierten Titan-Oberflächen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Zellen nur den moderat positiven ζ-Potenzialbereich hinsichtlich Zellausbreitung, Zellviabilität und intrazelluläre Ca2+-Mobilisierung favorisieren. Das ζ-Potenzial erscheint als ein Schlüsselparameter für die Zellinteraktion an der Biomaterialgrenzfläche.
Examination of sulfonamide-based inhibitors of MMP3 using the conditioned media of invasive glioma cells
Creators: name: Poole, Alisha T.
name: Sitko, Christopher A.
name: Le, Caitlin
name: Naus, Christian C.
name: Hill, Bryan M.
name: Bushnell, Eric A. C.
name: Chen, Vincent C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest and the most common primary malignant brain tumour. The median survival for patients with GBM is around one year due to the nature of glioma cells to diffusely invade that make the complete surgical resection of tumours difficult. Based upon the connexin43 (Cx43) model of glioma migration we have developed a computational framework to evaluate MMP inhibition in materials relevant to GBM. Using the ilomastat Leu-Trp backbone, we have synthesised novel sulphonamides and monitored the performance of these compounds in conditioned media expressing MMP3. From the results discussed herein we demonstrate the performance of sulfonamide based MMPIs included AP-3, AP-6, and AP-7.
Four Rivers Basin: Cumberland, Tennessee, Ohio, Mississippi
Creators: name: Carey, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2009

description: Abstract:
The Four Rivers Basin includes over 4 ,700 square miles in all or parts of 17 counties. The basin contains more than 10,700 miles of streams.
More than 720 miles of streams assessed in the basin by the Kentucky Division of Water do not support designated uses for warm-water aquatic habitat, fish consumption, primary contact recreation, or secondary contact recreation. Not all streams have been assessed. The percentage of assessed streams not supporting uses was: warm-water aquatic habitat (58 percent); fish consumption (14 percent); primary contact recreation (76 percent); secondary contact recreation (30 percent). Nearly 125 miles of streams have been declared special use waters: either exceptional waters or reference reach waters. For more information on the assessment process and stream ratings, go to www.water.ky.gov/sw/swmonitor/305b/.
There are five remediation priority watersheds including 640 square miles primary impacts are pathogens, nutrients, siltation, habitat alteration, and low dissolved oxygen caused by agriculture, municipal sewer systems, and channelization.
There are 10 large man-made lakes in the basin. Kentucky Lake and Lake Barkley provide nearly 100,000 acres for recreation in Kentucky. Two million visitors a year enjoy the 170,000 acres and 300 miles of undeveloped shoreline of the Land Between the Lakes.
title:   ATTITUDES OF THERAPISTS SURROUNDING SAND TRAY THERAPY WITH ADULTS
Creators: name: Cooke, Madalyn
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Sand tray therapy provides a unique experience for adults and children to interact with their experiences and feelings from a distance. However, it is not used as frequently as talk therapy techniques in adult therapeutic treatment. The following thesis explores therapists’ attitudes about using sand trays with adults. A qualitative thematic analysis suggests that while some therapists deem sand trays as helpful with treatment, especially for clients who have a history of trauma, there are barriers for therapists to overcome in order to incorporate sand trays more frequently into practice with adult clientele.
description: © 2023 Madalyn Cooke
Exact differential and quantum corrections of entropy for axially symmetric black holes
Creators: name: Akbar, M.
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the exactness criteria of entropy from the first law of black hole thermodynamics, we study quantum corrections for axially symmetric black holes.
The Origin and Formation of the Circumstellar Disk
Creators: name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Matsumoto, Tomoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and evolution of the circumstellar disk in the collapsing molecular cloud is investigated from the prestellar stage resolving both the molecular cloud core and the protostar itself. In the collapsing cloud, the first adiabatic core appears prior to the protostar formation. Reflecting the thermodynamics of the collapsing gas, the first core is much more massive than the protostar. When the molecular cloud has no angular momentum, the first core falls onto the protostar and disappears a few years after the protostar formation. On the other hand, when the molecular cloud has an angular momentum, the first core does not disappear even after the protostar formation, and directly evolves into the circumstellar disk with a Keplerian rotation. There are two paths for the formation of the circumstellar disk. When the initial cloud has a considerably small rotational energy, two nested disks appear just after the protostar formation. During the early main accretion phase, the inner disk increases its size and merges with the outer disk (i.e. first core) to form a single circumstellar disk with a Keplerian rotation. On the other hand, when the molecular cloud has a rotational energy comparable to observations, a single Keplerian disk that corresponds to the first core already exists prior to the protostar formation. In such a cloud, the first core density gradually increases, maintaining the Keplerian rotation and forms the protostar inside it. Thus, the protostar is born in the Keplerian disk. In other words, a massive disk already exists before the protostar formation. In each case, the protostar at its formation is already surrounded by a massive circumstellar disk. The circumstellar disk is about 10-100 times more massive than the protostar in the main accretion disk. Such disks are favourable sites for the formation of binary companions and gas-giant planets.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures, Submitted to MNRAS. For high resolution figures see http://www2-tap.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~machidam/astro-ph/Origin-of-Disk.pdf
title: What informs success for African-Caribbean Black-British girls and their mothers in the final year of primary school?: Success through resistance
Creators: name: Sangster, Deborah Anne
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis explores how the understanding of success, held by eight African Caribbean Black British girls in their final year of primary school, supports them to navigate a route to it. Key findings are that, for these girls, success was framed by the societal discourse of meritocracy and despite the contradictions, education was regarded by them as the primary route to success. The strategies the girls use to negotiate a route to success highlight how their relationships; with friends, teachers and their mothers are important to these negotiations. This thesis highlights the gendered, and racialised nature of the society in which African Caribbean Black British girls live. The findings indicate how these African Caribbean Black British girls engage a repertoire of resources to; impact positively on their relationships with their teachers, negotiate meaningful relationships between themselves and their contemporaries and to negotiate a route to success in a hostile environment The girls’ friendships, with other African Caribbean Black British children, are central to their survival in the hostile environment of the school. The mothers support their daughters by monitoring their homework and friendships with other children, particularly African Caribbean Black British children. In addition to monitoring homework and friendships, the mothers also restrict their daughters’ use of Creolized Caribbean Dialect. Upon choosing secondary schooling, some mothers choose to bus their girls to schools outside of the city catchment area to attend predominantly White schools. Despite their concerns about their daughters’ friendships and use of Creolized Caribbean dialect, the mothers encourage their daughters to develop a positive African Caribbean Black British identity in their quest for success. These nuanced negotiations reflect the intersectional positions occupied by these girls and complicate the ideas underlying what success means to them. The conclusions drawn from this analysis confirm the importance of mothers and community in the girls’ orientations towards success and emphasise the areas that schools can address in supporting African Caribbean Black British girls in their move to secondary school.
The Protostellar Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The protostellar luminosity function (PLF) is the present-day luminosity function of the protostars in a region of star formation. It is determined using the protostellar mass function (PMF) in combination with a stellar evolutionary model that provides the luminosity as a function of instantaneous and final stellar mass. As in McKee & Offner (2010), we consider three main accretion models: the Isothermal Sphere model, the Turbulent Core model, and an approximation of the Competitive Accretion model. We also consider the effect of an accretion rate that tapers off linearly in time and an accelerating star formation rate. For each model, we characterize the luminosity distribution using the mean, median, maximum, ratio of the median to the mean, standard deviation of the logarithm of the luminosity, and the fraction of very low luminosity objects. We compare the models with bolometric luminosities observed in local star forming regions and find that models with an approximately constant accretion time, such as the Turbulent Core and Competitive Accretion models, appear to agree better with observation than those with a constant accretion rate, such as the Isothermal Sphere model. We show that observations of the mean protostellar luminosity in these nearby regions of low-mass star formation suggest a mean star formation time of 0.3$\pm$0.1 Myr. Such a timescale, together with some accretion that occurs non-radiatively and some that occurs in high-accretion, episodic bursts, resolves the classical "luminosity problem" in low-mass star formation, in which observed protostellar luminosities are significantly less than predicted. An accelerating star formation rate is one possible way of reconciling the observed star formation time and mean luminosity.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ
Soil Sampling on an Extreme Terrain Rover: A Pneumatic Device
Creators: name: Holtz, Kristen
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2012

description: A key problem in rover exploration missions is that many of the scientifically interesting areas to investigate are
extremely difficult to access given typical flat-topography rovers. The Axel rover was designed to rappel down
steep cliffs using a tether held securely at the top. It is very important that this rover is capable of taking and
analyzing samples of soil on Mars. Goals for such a sampling mechanism are to collect a sample of at least 2
grams and store it, and to repeat this. The system developed here is a preliminary system that takes one sample
and stores it using a pneumatic device. A pneumatic approach was chosen due to its simplicity, as minimal
actuation will be needed to move soil. This design can be easily integrated with a multi-sample system later on.
Tests to maximize soil collection were done to choose a design for the system, and this design will be
implemented on Axel soon to test its effectiveness. This work was done in conjunction with another SURF
student.
Automatic characterization of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants using ultrasound imaging
Creators: name: Quader, Niamul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common pediatric hip condition, representing a spectrum of hip abnormalities ranging from mild dysplasia to irreducible hip dislocation. Thirty-three years ago, the introduction of the Graf method revolutionized the use of ultrasound (US) and replaced radiography for DDH diagnoses. However, it has been shown that current US-based assessments suffer from large inter-rater and intra-rater variabilities which can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment for DDH. In this thesis, we propose an automatic dysplasia metric estimator based on US and hypothesize that it significantly reduces the subjective variability inherent in the manual measurement of dysplasia metrics. To this end, we have developed an intensity invariant feature to accurately extract bone boundaries in US images, and have further developed an image processing pipeline to automatically discard US images which are inadequate for measuring dysplasia metrics, as defined by expert radiologists. If found adequate, our method automatically measures clinical dysplasia metrics from the US image. We validated our method on US images of 165 hips acquired through clinical examinations, and found that automatic extraction of dysplasia metrics improved the repeatability of diagnoses by 20%. We extended our automatic metric extraction method to three-dimensional (3D) US to increase robustness against operator dependent transducer placement and to better capture the 3D morphology of an infant hip. We present a new random forests-based method for segmenting the femoral head from a 3D US volume, and a method for automatically estimating a 3D femoral head coverage measurement from the segmented head. We propose an additional 3D hip morphology-derived dysplasia metric for identifying an unstable acetabulum. On 40 clinical hip examinations, we found our methods significantly improved the reproducibility of diagnosing femoral head coverage by 65% and acetabular abnormalities by 75% when compared to current standard methods.
Addressing the Mars ISRU Challenge: Production of Oxygen and Fuel from CO_2 using Sunlight
Creators: name: West, William
name: Atwater, Harry A.
name: Kubiak, Clifford P.
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2018

description: Advanced exploration of Mars, particularly human missions, will require vast amounts of fuel and oxygen for extended campaigns and the return of samples or humans back to Earth. If fuel and oxygen can be prepared on Mars from in-situ resources, this would greatly reduce the launch mass of the mission from Earth. In this Keck Institute for Space Sciences (KISS) study, the viability of Mars near-ambient temperature photoelectrochemical (PEC) or electrochemical (EC) production of fuel and oxygen from atmospheric carbon dioxide—with or without available water—was examined.

With PEC devices incorporated into lightweight, large-area structures operating near 25°C and collecting solar energy to directly convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, it may be possible to reduce the launch mass (compared with bringing oxygen directly from Earth) by a factor of three or more. There are other numerous benefits of such a system relative to other in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) schemes, notably reduced thermal management (e.g., lower heating demand and decreased amplitude of thermal cycling) and the elimination of a need for a fission power source.

However, there are considerable technical hurdles that must be surmounted before a PEC or EC ISRU system could be competitive with other more mature ISRU approaches, such as solid oxide electrolysis (SOXE) technology. Noteworthy challenges include: the identification of highly stable homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts for oxygen evolution and carbon monoxide or methane evolution; quantification of long-term operation under the harsh Martian conditions; and appropriate coupled catalyst–light absorber systems that can be reliably stowed then deployed over large areas, among other challenges described herein.

This report includes recommendations for future work to assess the viability of and advance the state-of-the-art for EC and PEC technologies for future ISRU applications. Importantly, the challenges of mining, transporting, purifying, and delivering water from Mars resources to a PEC or EC reactor system, development and demonstration of a low-temperature-capable, non-aqueous-based CO2 reduction scheme as described below is perhaps the first logical step toward implementing an efficient near-surface Mars temperature oxygen generation system on Mars.
Additional file 1 of Effects of Tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients: a cohort study
Creators: name: Vu, Christine A.
name: Kailynn J. DeRonde
name: Vega, Ana D.
name: Meshell Maxam
name: Holt, Gregory
name: Natori, Yoichiro
name: Zamora, Jose Gonzales
name: Salazar, Veronica
name: Boatwright, Renata
name: Morris, Stephen R.
name: Corvino, Daniela De Lima
name: Anmary Fernandez Betances
name: Colucci, Leah
name: Keegan, James
name: Lopez, Andy
name: Rezk, Andrew Hany
name: Rodriguez, Yvette
name: Moraru, Gabriela M.
name: Doblecki, Susanne
name: Zerda, David J. De La
name: Abbo, Lilian M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Patients meeting institution-specific tocilizumab criteria. Appendix 2. Clinical measures within 14 days of receiving tocilizumab. Appendix 3. Infectious complications within 30 days of receiving tocilizumab
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of pulp capping materials in two cell lines.
Creators: name: Camargo, S. E. A.
name: Camargo, C. H. R.
name: Hiller, Karl-Anton
name: Rode, S. M.
name: Schweikl, Helmut
name: Schmalz, Gottfried
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Aluminum Compounds/toxicity
subject: Animals
subject: Calcium Compounds/toxicity
subject: Calcium Hydroxide/toxicity
subject: Castor Oil/toxicity
subject: Cell Cycle/drug effects
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cell Survival/drug effects
subject: Cricetinae
subject: Cytotoxins/toxicity
subject: Dental Cements/toxicity
subject: Dental Pulp/drug effects
subject: Dental Pulp Capping
subject: Drug Combinations
subject: Fibroblasts/drug effects
subject: Flow Cytometry
subject: Fluoresceins/diagnostic use
subject: Fluorescent Dyes/diagnostic use
subject: Gentian Violet/diagnostic use
subject: Glass Ionomer Cements/toxicity
subject: Humans
subject: Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemically induced
subject: Mutagens/toxicity
subject: Oxides/toxicity
subject: Photometry
subject: Reactive Oxygen Species/analysis
subject: Silicates/toxicity
subject: Time Factors

description: AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the new castor oil bean cement (COB) material in comparison to commonly used pulp capping materials. METHODOLOGY: Specimens of COB, calcium hydroxide (Hydro C), and mineral trioxide aggregate (white and gray MTA) were extracted in culture medium (91.6 mm(2) sample surface mL(-1)). Transfected human pulp cells (tHPCs) were exposed to dilutions of the extracts for 1 h, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by flow cytometry (FACS) using H(2)DCF-DA as a dye. Survival of tHPCs was measured photometrically using a crystal violet assay after a 24-h exposure period. Genotoxicity as indicated by the formation of micronuclei in V79 cells, and the modification of the normal cell cycle by extracts of the materials was analysed by FACS. RESULTS: Clear cytotoxic effects were detected only with extracts of Hydro C under the current experimental conditions. The two MTA preparations induced an insignificant reduction in the number of cells. In contrast, the extracts of COB slightly induced cell proliferation. Extracts of Hydro C caused a twofold increase in ROS production, whilst the other tested materials were ineffective. An increase in the number of micronuclei was not detected with any material tested; Hydro C slightly increased the number of cells in G1 and G2. CONCLUSIONS: The COB and the two MTA preparations did not negatively influence cell survival or ROS production and may thus be further considered for pulp capping studies.
Approximate symmetries of geodesic equations on 2-spheres
Creators: name: Saifullah, K.
name: Usman, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Approximate symmetries of geodesic equations on 2-spheres are studied. These are the symmetries of the perturbed geodesic equations which represent approximate path of a particle rather than exact path. After giving the exact symmetries of the geodesic equations, two different approaches to study the approximate symmetries of the approximate geodesic equations show that no non-trivial approximate symmetry for these spaces exists.
Development of potent reversible selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase as fluorescent probes
Creators: name: Pajk, Stane
name: Knez, Damijan
name: Košak, Urban
name: Zorović, Maja
name: Brazzolotto, Xavier
name: Coquelle, Nicolas
name: Nachon, Florian
name: Colletier, Jacques-Philippe
name: Živin, Marko
name: Stojan, Jure
name: Gobec, Stanislav
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: Brain butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an attractive target for drugs designed for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in its advanced stages. It also potentially represents a biomarker for progression of this disease. Based on the crystal structure of previously described highly potent, reversible, and selective BChE inhibitors, we have developed the fluorescent probes that are selective towards human BChE. The most promising probes also maintain their inhibition of BChE in the low nanomolar range with high selectivity over acetylcholinesterase. Kinetic studies of probes reveal a reversible mixed inhibition mechanism, with binding of these fluorescent probes to both the free and acylated enzyme. Probes show environment-sensitive emission, and additionally, one of them also shows significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity upon binding to the active site of BChE. Finally, the crystal structures of probes in complex with human BChE are reported, which offer an excellent base for further development of this library of compounds.
Multivariate Analyis of Swap Bribery
Creators: name: Dorn, Britta
name: Schlotter, Ildikó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the computational complexity of a problem modeling bribery in the context of voting systems. In the scenario of Swap Bribery, each voter assigns a certain price for swapping the positions of two consecutive candidates in his preference ranking. The question is whether it is possible, without exceeding a given budget, to bribe the voters in a way that the preferred candidate wins in the election. We initiate a parameterized and multivariate complexity analysis of Swap Bribery, focusing on the case of k-approval. We investigate how different cost functions affect the computational complexity of the problem. We identify a special case of k-approval for which the problem can be solved in polynomial time, whereas we prove NP-hardness for a slightly more general scenario. We obtain fixed-parameter tractability as well as W[1]-hardness results for certain natural parameters.
description: 20 pages. Conference version published at IPEC 2010
Low-Frequency Current Fluctuations in Graphene-like Exfoliated Thin-Films of Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Hossain, M. Z.
name: Rumyantsev, S. L.
name: Shahil, K. M. F.
name: Teweldebrhan, D.
name: Shur, M.
name: Balandin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the low-frequency current fluctuations and electronic noise in thin-films made of bismuth selenide topological insulators. The films were prepared via the graphene-like mechanical exfoliation and used as the current conducting channels in the four- and two-contact devices. Analysis of the resistance dependence on the film thickness indicates that the surface contribution to conductance is dominant in our samples. It was established that the current fluctuations have the noise spectrum close to the pure 1/f in the frequency range from 1 to 10 kHz (f is the frequency). The relative noise amplitude S/I^2 for the examined films was increasing from ~5x10^-8 to 5x10^-6 (1/Hz) as the resistance of the channels varied from ~10^3 to 10^5 Ohms. The obtained noise data is important for understanding electron transport through the surface and volume of topological insulators, and proposed applications of this class of materials.
description: 17 pages; 7 figures