cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interpreting the Fraser Institute ranking of secondary schools in British Columbia : a critical discourse analysis of how the mechanics of symbolic capital mobilization shapes, manages, and amplifies visibility asymmetries between schools and school systems
Creators: name: Simmonds, Michael John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In the discourse on how to improve British Columbia’s secondary schools two prevailing epistemological tensions exist between two competing rationalities: (1) an instrumental rationality that privileges sense-making born out of data-gathering, and (2) a values-rationality that is discernibly more context-dependent. The seeds for public discord are sown when a particular kind of logic for capturing the complexity of any problematic is privileged over a competing (counter) logic attempting to do the same thing. The Fraser Institute proposes to the public a particular vision on how to improve secondary schools by manufacturing annual school report cards that are published in newspapers and online. Proponents of school report cards believe that school improvement is predicated on measurement, competition, market-driven reform initiatives, and choice. They support the strategies and techniques used by the Fraser Institute to demarcate the limits and boundaries of exemplary educational practice. Critics of school report cards object to the way ranking rubrics highlight and amplify differences that exist between schools. They believe that the rankings devised by the Fraser Institute rewards certain kinds of schools while statistically sanctioning others. Drawing principally on published media accounts and the Fraser Institute’s own documents this project shows how the Fraser Institute has mounted an effective public critique on the state of public secondary schools. It describes how statistical revisions made to the ranking matrix from 1998-2010 resulted in a marked redistribution of top-ranked schools in British Columbia that privileged certain kinds of private schools over public schools. School rankings designed to locate and fix their respective subjects in this way call on agents to compete for, acquire, and leverage different kinds of symbolic capital on the field of power, which they use to promote their respective political agendas. When the kinds of stories that can be told about schools become narrated through a statistical régime of truth they may negate capital disparities that exist between schools and the population of students they serve. At stake is the emancipatory belief that different kinds of schools operate to serve the diverse educational needs of different kinds of students in different kinds of ways.
Parameter Influence on Porous Bleed Performance for Supersonic Turbulent Flows
Creators: name: Giehler, Julian
name: Grenson, Pierre
name: Bur, Reynald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Porous bleed systems are a common technique to control shock-boundary layer interactions and/or supersonic boundary layers. However, the influence of various design parameters is still unknown. Even though bleed models are required to minimize the costs of the design process, they often do not include parameter effects. In the present study, the effect of the plate length, the hole diameter, the porosity, the thickness-to-diameter ratio, and the stagger angle are investigated by means of three-dimensional RANS simulations. The bleed efficiency and the effectiveness in thinning a Mach M = 1.6 turbulent boundary layer are determined. The findings show a crucial influence of the hole diameter on both efficiency and effectiveness of the porous bleed. Similar findings are made for the porosity and stagger angle but with a smaller significance. Thickness-to-diameter ratio and plate length are shown to mainly affect the bleed efficiency.
Pollen limitation and reproduction of three plant species across a temperature gradient in western Greenland
Creators: name: Urbanowicz, Christine
name: Virginia, Ross A.
name: Irwin, Rebecca E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Rapid climate change in the Arctic may increase sexual reproduction in plants because of changes in both abiotic factors, such as temperature, and biotic factors, such as pollination. Pollination may currently limit plant reproduction in the Arctic, where cold temperatures hinder pollinator activity. To understand how warming may affect pollination and plant reproduction, we studied three plant species in western Greenland. Two species were hermaphroditic and insect-pollinated (Vaccinium uliginosum and Chamerion latifolium), and one was dioecious and insect- and wind-pollinated (Salix glauca). We measured how pollinator visitation and plant reproduction varied across three temperature zones. We also conducted pollinator exclusion and pollen supplementation experiments to measure pollinator dependence and pollen limitation. Proportion of fruit set in Vaccinium and Salix was pollen limited in every temperature zone, and Vaccinium and Chamerion depended on pollinator-mediated outcrossing for maximum reproductive success. Furthermore, higher pollinator visitation to Vaccinium in the warmer temperature zones mirrored lower pollen limitation and higher fruit set, suggesting that temperature zone indirectly influenced reproduction via changes in pollination. Taken together, our results demonstrate that both abiotic factors and pollination are important in limiting reproduction in the Arctic and that plant–pollinator interactions can mediate the response of plant reproduction to warming.
Gaceta Punto Crítico No.3 (agosto-septiembre) / Newsletter Punto Crítico No.3 (August-September)
Creators: name: Plataforma Mexicana de Captura y Almacenamiento de CO2, MeCCS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: MeCCS, CCS, sustainability, sostenibilidad, Mexico, scenarios, future, CCUS

description: En la tercera entrega de la gaceta Punto Crítico, de la Plataforma MeCCS, te presentamos algunas ideas acerca de la construcción de escenarios los cuales puede ayudarnos a generar ideas para hacer frente a lo desconocido y a las incertidumbres propias del futuro. El estudio de las problemáticas socioambientales ha encontrado en la construcción de escenarios una vía importante para comprender qué acciones debemos impulsar o tomar para hacer frente a la crisis climática o para lograr una gestión apropiada de los recursos naturales. En este número encontrarás una nota sobre el futuro de CCUS, escrita por Sallie Greenberg de la Universidad de Illinois. En la sección CO2NVERSANDO incluimos una entrevista con Carlos Muñoz Piña, doctor en Economía de los Recursos Naturales por la Universidad de California en Berkeley, en la que abordamos la posibilidad y las implicaciones del crecimiento y del decrecimiento desde una perspectiva de la economía ambiental. En la sección Sí, sí es hemos diseñado algunos escenarios que han surgido de una exploración de ideas derivadas del manejo actual de las emisiones de carbono. También agregamos una nota que profundiza en algunos escenarios de ciencia ficción que han sido explorados en películas y series de anime, en específico de los géneros cyberpunk y solarpunk. Por supuesto, te dejamos algunas recomendaciones para continuar explorando estos temas en la sección Para llevar.  --------------------------- In the third issue of the Punto Crítico newsletter, from the MeCCS Platform, we present some ideas about the construction of scenarios which can help us generate ideas to face the unknown and the uncertainties of the future. The study of socioenvironmental problems has found in the construction of scenarios an important way to understand what actions we must promote or take to face the climate crisis or to achieve appropriate management of natural resources. In this issue you'll find a note on the future of CCUS, written by Sallie Greenberg of the University of Illinois. In the CO2NVERSING section we include an interview with Carlos Muñoz Piña, Ph.D. in Natural Resource Economics from the University of California at Berkeley, about growth and degrowth trajectories from an environmental economics perspective. In the section Yes, yes it is, we have designed some scenarios that have emerged from an exploration of ideas derived from the current management of carbon emissions. We also add a note that delves into some science fiction scenarios that have been explored in anime movies and series, specifically from the cyberpunk and solarpunk genres. Of course, we leave you some recommendations to continue exploring these topics in the Take-away section.
Probing the Chemistry of Methylmercury in Mammalian Blood Plasma
Creators: name: Bridle, Tristen G.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: size-exclusion chromatography
subject: inductively coupled plasma
subject: atomic emission spectroscopy
subject: methylmercury
subject: blood plasma
subject: thiol
subject: cysteine
subject: homocysteine
subject: glutathione
subject: metalloprotein
subject: Chemistry--Analytical
subject: Chemistry--Biochemistry
subject: Chemistry--Inorganic

description: A size-exclusion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (SEC-ICP-AES) technique was developed for the analysis of mammalian blood plasma for endogenous metalloproteins and exogenous metal species. Parameters related to sample preparation, separation, and detection were optimized. The blood plasma was filtered through a 0.45 ?m pore size syringe filter to preserve the separation performance of the column. The 1:1 dilution of filtered human and rabbit blood plasma in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) prior to analysis was needed to prevent peak tailing and shoulder formation. An SRT-10C SEC column from Sepax Technologies Inc., when compared to a previously used Superdex 200 Increase SEC column, gave the same number of peaks with similar resolution, but in approximately half the time and with higher peak intensities. The mass recovery of proteins on the SRT-10C SEC column was 96 ± 2%. To explore the role that small molecular weight plasma thiols play in the delivery of methylmercury (CH3Hg+) to transporters located at the placental and blood-brain barriers, the described SEC-ICP-AES technique was applied to the analysis of CH3Hg+-spiked rabbit plasma using PBS mobile phases in the absence and presence of the small-molecular weight (SMW) sulfur compounds L-cysteine (Cys), L-homocysteine (hCys), L-glutathione (GSH), and D-methionine (Met). While Met did not affect the binding of CH3Hg+ to the main plasma protein, rabbit serum albumin (RSA), Cys, hCys, and GSH did. The presence of 50 ?M Cys, hCys, or GSH in the mobile phase resulted in the mobilization of CH3Hg+ from RSA in rabbit plasma and from pure RSA in solution. The SMW-Hg species that formed when hCys was present in the mobile phase was qualitatively identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as CH3Hg-hCys. Using the developed metallomics technique I have found evidence of the formation of SMW-CH3Hg+ species under near-physiological conditions that may be involved in the translocation of CH3Hg+ from blood plasma to the brain.
MOESM5 of Exploring the contributions of two glutamate decarboxylase isozymes in Lactobacillus brevis to acid resistance and Îł-aminobutyric acid production
Creators: name: Lyu, Changjiang
name: Zhao, Weirui
name: Peng, Chunlong
name: Hu, Sheng
name: Fang, Hui
name: Hua, Yujiao
name: Yao, Shanjing
name: Huang, Jun
name: Mei, Lehe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Table S1. Primers used for PCR amplification.
Collective Dipole Oscillation of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yi
name: Ji, Si-Cong
name: Chen, Zhu
name: Zhang, Long
name: Du, Zhi-Dong
name: Yan, Bo
name: Pan, Ge-Sheng
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Deng, Youjin
name: Zhai, Hui
name: Chen, Shuai
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of the collective dipole oscillation of a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a harmonic trap. Dynamics of the center-of-mass dipole oscillation is studied in a broad parameter region, as a function of spin-orbit coupling parameters as well as oscillation amplitude. Anharmonic properties beyond effective-mass approximation are revealed, such as amplitude-dependent frequency and finite oscillation frequency at place with divergent effective mass. These anharmonic behaviors agree quantitatively with variational wave-function calculations. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate a unique feature of spin-orbit coupled system predicted by a sum-rule approach, stating that spin polarization susceptibility--a static physical quantity--can be measured via dynamics of dipole oscillation. The divergence of polarization susceptibility is observed at the quantum phase transition that separates magnetic nonzero-momentum condensate from nonmagnetic zero-momentum phase. The good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results provides a bench mark for recently developed theoretical approaches.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 0 table
Gravitational wave constraints on Einstein-æther theory with LIGO/Virgo data
Creators: name: Schumacher, Kristen
name: Perkins, Scott Ellis
name: Shaw, Ashley
name: Yagi, Kent
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorentz symmetry is a fundamental property of Einstein's theory of general relativity that one may wish to test with gravitational wave observations. Einstein-aether theory is a model that introduces Lorentz-symmetry breaking in the gravitational sector through an aether vector field, while still leading to second-order field equations. This well-posed theory passes particle physics constraints because it modifies directly only the gravitational sector, yet it predicts deviations in the inspiral and coalescence of compact objects. We here, for the first time, put this theory to the test by comparing its gravitational wave predictions directly against LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave data. We construct a waveform model for Einstein-aether theory, EA_IMRPhenomD_NRT, through modifications of the general relativity IMRPhenomD_NRTidalv2 model (used by the LIGO/VIRGO collaboration). This model constructs a reponse function that not only contains the transverse-traceless polarization, but also additional Einstein-aether (scalar and vectorial) polarizations simultaneously. We then use the many current constraints on the theory to construct non-trivial priors for the Einstein-aether coupling constants. After testing the waveform model, we conduct parameter estimation studies on two gravitational wave events: GW170817 and GW190425. We find that these data are not sufficiently informative to place constraints on the theory that are stronger than current bounds from binary pulsar, solar system and cosmological observations. This is because, although Einstein-aether modifications include additional polarizations and have been computed beyond leading post-Newtonian order, these modifications are dominated by (already-constrained) dipole effects. These difficulties make it unclear whether future gravitational wave observations will be able to improve on current constraints on Einstein-aether theory.
description: 32 pages, 24 figures; replaced with accepted version
Rapid development of anoxic niches in supraglacial ecosystems
Creators: name: Poniecka, Ewa A.
name: Bagshaw, Elizabeth A.
name: Tranter, Martyn
name: Sass, Henrik
name: Williamson, Christopher J.
name: Anesio, Alexandre M.
name: Team, Black and Bloom
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Microorganisms play a significant role in changing the physical properties of the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Cryoconite holes are a hotspot for this microbial activity, yet little is known about the REDOX conditions that develop within them. In this study, we used oxygen microelectrodes and microoptodes to measure for anoxic conditions at the microscale, for the first time revealing a potential niche for anaerobic microorganisms and anaerobic processes. The development of an anoxic zone 2 mm deep within a 6 mm-thick layer of cryoconite sediment was observed within an hour of disturbance, showing rapid acclimation to changing physical conditions. Long-term (half year) incubations of cryoconite material showed a peak of oxygen production and consumption after forty days and reached a low-activity, steady state by day 116, with a persisting anoxic zone beginning between 2 mm and 4 mm deep. Anaerobic microorganisms, which have received little attention to date, should therefore be considered an important component of the cryoconite ecosystem. We discuss the possible dynamics of oxygen concentrations in the supraglacial system and infer that anoxic zones are an important factor in the development of cryoconite sediment communities.
Exclusion principle for nonlocal advantage of quantum coherence
Creators: name: Ghosh, Priya
name: Pandit, Mahasweta
name: Srivastava, Chirag
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherences in mutually unbiased bases of states of an isolated quantum system follow a complementarity relation. The nonlocal advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC), defined in a bipartite scenario, is a situation in which the average quantum coherences of the ensembles of one subsystem, effected by a measurement performed on the other subsystem, violates the complementarity relation. We analyze two criteria to detect NAQC for bipartite quantum states. We construct a more generalized version of the criterion to detect NAQC that is better than the standard criterion as it can capture more states exhibiting NAQC. We prove the local unitary invariance of these NAQC criteria. Further on, we focus on investigating the monogamy properties of NAQC in the tripartite scenario. We check for monogamy of NAQC from two perspectives, differentiated by whether or not the nodal observer in the monogamy relation performs the measurement for the nonlocal advantage. We find in particular that in the case where the nodal observer does not perform the measurement, a strong monogamy relation - an exclusion principle - is exhibited by NAQC.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Gaceta Punto Crítico No.2 (junio-julio) / Newsletter Punto Crítico No.2 (June-July)
Creators: name: Plataforma Mexicana de Captura y Almacenamiento de CO2, MeCCS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: MeCCS, CCS, sustainability, sostenibilidad, Mexico, resources, recursos

description: En esta segunda entrega de la gaceta Punto Crítico abordamos el tema de los recursos naturales desde distintas perspectivas. Vivimos en un planeta tan vasto que hemos olvidado que también tiene límites. Esta ilusión de infinitud nos está acercando a los puntos de inflexión o tipping points que, una vez rebasados, llevan a un sistema a cambios prácticamente irreversibles y de los que difícilmente podemos retroceder. El conocimiento de estos puntos críticos es muy valioso para el diseño e implementación de trayectorias sostenibles. Ser conscientes de los límites, la conectividad y la complejidad de nuestro entorno puede ayudarnos a construir un pensamiento más crítico e informado para una mejor toma de decisiones en todas las escalas. En este número encontrarás dos artículos de divulgación acerca de los recursos, su relación con los sistemas de captura y almacenamiento de CO2, así como los impactos sociales y ambientales que tienen una relación con los recursos. Las autoras de estos artículos son también integrantes del seminario permanente Sporos, que constituye un espacio y un foro en el que varios integrantes de Punto Crítico y otras personas interesadas en la sostenibilidad nos hemos involucrado activamente. También hemos preparado un par de infografías que te darán más información para reflexionar sobre los recursos en la sección Sí, sí es. En la sección de CO2NVERSANDO te presentamos la entrevista al Mtro. Rodrigo García Herrera, del Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad del Instituto de Ecología de la UNAM, con quien hablamos acerca de otra manera de concebir los recursos, su uso y gestión. En nuestra sección final, Para llevar, te dejamos una lista de materiales, libros, documentales y conferencias que recomendamos para expandir tu conocimiento sobre estos temas.
Predicting Early Discontinuation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy and its Impact on Survival among Individuals with Stage III Colon Cancer
Creators: name: Boyne, Devon J
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Clinical Epidemiology
subject: Oncology
subject: Health Services Research
subject: Risk Prediction
subject: Causal Inference
subject: Health Sciences--Epidemiology

description: Background: Approximately one in three patients with stage III colon cancer fail to complete the entirety of their adjuvant chemotherapy prescription. Two questions arise from this observation: 1) Can we predict which patients will discontinue adjuvant chemotherapy? and 2) Does a shortened duration of adjuvant chemotherapy impact overall survival? Evidence pertaining to the first question is limited. While question two was recently addressed within a large randomized trial, results from this trial have been controversial. Methods: To address question one, we conducted a systematic review and survey of medical oncologists to identify factors that predict non-completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. Building upon the results of this investigation, we developed an online calculator to predict the risk of discontinuation at the individual-level. For question two, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. In addition, we emulated a target trial that examined the effect of a shortened duration of adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival using real-world data.Results: According to a systematic review of 18 studies and survey of 14 medical oncologists, there was evidence that increased comorbidity, worse performance status, higher T stage, and adjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy or poor oxaliplatin candidacy were associated with an increased risk of discontinuation. Using information from 1,378 patients, an online risk calculator was developed. Internal validation suggested that this calculator accurately predicted and classified patients with respect to their risk of discontinuation (optimism-adjusted C-statistic=0.80; 95% CI:0.79-0.82; calibration plots were within acceptable limits). A meta-analysis of 22 studies suggested that a shortened duration of adjuvant chemotherapy was harmful among patients prescribed a monotherapy (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.52-0.68) but not among among those prescribed FOLFOX or CAPOX (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.58-1.09). In a target trial analysis of 485 colon cancer patients, both the overall and subgroup-specific hazard ratios were consistent with those from a randomized trial. Conclusions: Results from this investigation can help assess and communicate the risk of early discontinuation within this study population. Results from our meta-analysis and target trial emulation suggest that a shortened duration of adjuvant chemotherapy may be appropriate for some patients which supports findings from a recent randomized trial.
A stationary axisymmetric vacuum solution for pure $R^2$ gravity
Creators: name: Azreg-Aïnou, Mustapha
name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The closed-form expression for pure $\mathcal{R}^{2}$ vacuum solution obtained in Phys. Rev. D \textbf{107}, 104008 (2023) lends itself to a generalization to axisymmetric setup via the modified Newman--Janis algorithm. We adopt the procedure put forth in Phys. Rev. D \textbf{90}, 064041 (2014) bypassing the complexification of the radial coordinate. The procedure presumes the existence of Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. Using the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration results, we model the central black hole M87{*} by the thus obtained exact rotating metric, depending on the mass, rotation parameter and a third dimensionless parameter. The latter is constrained upon investigating the shadow angular size assuming mass and rotation parameters are those of M87{*}. Stability is investigated.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Biodegradation of Starch by Microbial Communities in Soil Collected from Olduvai Gorge in Northern Tanzania
Creators: name: Akeju, Tolutope O.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Starch
subject: amylase
subject: Oldupai Gorge
subject: Tanzania
subject: biodegradation
subject: soil
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Health And Environmental Sciences
subject: Earth Sciences

description: Starch is the main component of most dietary intake by humans and it is synthesized as starch granules in different plant parts. Once exposed to the soil, starch is susceptible to biodegradation by enzymes produced by communities of soil bacteria and fungi. However, the preservation of starch granules in the archaeological record (thousands of years) has been documented. This preservation is poorly understood and there is a paucity of information in the scientific literature on the effects of oxygen and moisture on the enzymatic degradation of starches from different botanical sources in the soil. This study attempts to fill these knowledge gaps by examining soil–starch microcosms subjected to different moisture and oxygen conditions. These microcosms were sampled at regular intervals to observe the metabolic activity of the soil microbes using gas chromatography and also to identify the dominant microbial clades degrading the starch granules using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene analyses. Commercial wheat, corn and potato starches were used in addition to a starch of ethnobotanical interest named Ipomoea longituba collected from Oldupai Gorge. Results indicated that wheat starch and Ipomoea longituba were the most susceptible to microbial degradation while potato starch was more recalcitrant. Starch degradation rates were significantly affected by starch type, soil moisture content, oxygen and calcium phosphate. 16S and 18S rRNA gene analyses showed that starch degradation involves both bacteria and fungi and important taxa that were involved in starch breakdown include Ascomycota, Alkalibacterium, Streptomyces and others, mostly Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, from the preliminary results on the microbial communities living in the rhizosphere of Ipomoea longituba and bulk soil, we can conclude that the microbiome of the rhizosphere of Ipomoea longituba is very different from the microbiome of the surrounding bulk soil that was collected from around 1 m2 of the plant.
Construction of coarse-grained molecular dynamics with many-body non-Markovian memory
Creators: name: Lyu, Liyao
name: Lei, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a machine-learning-based coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) model that faithfully retains the many-body nature of the inter-molecular dissipative interactions. Unlike common empirical CG models, the present model is constructed based on the Mori-Zwanzig formalism and naturally inherits the heterogeneous state-dependent memory term rather than matching the mean-field metrics such as the velocity auto-correlation function. Numerical results show that preserving the many-body nature of the memory term is crucial for predicting the collective transport and diffusion processes, where empirical forms generally show limitations.
Using N-gram and Frequent Max Substring Techniques for Index-Term Extraction from Non-Segmented Texts: A Comparison of Two Techniques
Creators: name: Todsanai Chumwatana
Publisher: name: Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Mahanakorn University of Technology
Year: 2012
Subjects: Frequent max substrings
Frequent substrings
n-gram technique
Frequent max substring techniques
n-grams

description: Journal of Information Science and Technology, 3, 1, 8-15
Additional file 1: of Dietary intakes of flavan-3-ols and cardiovascular health: a field synopsis using evidence mapping of randomized trials and prospective cohort studies
Creators: name: Raman, Gowri
name: Shams-White, Marissa
name: Avendano, Esther
name: Chen, Fan
name: Novotny, Janet
name: Cassidy, Aedin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. List of Technical expert panel members. Table S2. Search strategy. Table S3. The most frequently reported outcomes in evaluated RCTs. Table S4. Description of cohort studies by intervention. Table S5. Description of all RCTs by intervention. Table S6. Flavan-3ol content by intervention. Table S7. Description of outcomes reported in apple intervention studies. Table S8. Description of outcomes reported in berries intervention studies. Table S9. Description of outcomes reported in black tea intervention studies. Table S10. Description of outcomes reported in chocolate intervention studies. Table S11. Description of outcomes reported in cinnamon intervention studies. Table S12. Description of outcomes reported in cranberry intervention studies. Table S13. Description of outcomes reported in flavan monomer intervention studies. Table S14. Description of outcomes reported in flavan polymer intervention studies. Table S15. Description of outcomes reported in grape intervention studies. Table S16. Description of outcomes reported in grapeseed intervention studies. Table S17. Description of outcomes reported in green tea intervention studies. Table S18. Description of outcomes reported in mixed/other intervention studies. Table S19. Description of outcomes reported in plums intervention studies. Table S20. Description of outcomes reported in tea intervention studies. Table S21. Description of outcomes reported in wine intervention studies. (DOCX 245 kb)
Architectural drawing of the Community Signs for Stony Brook and Setauket, Richard Haviland Smythe, May 12, 1941
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops
Posting signs & notices

description: This architectural drawing shows the community signs for Stony Brook and Setauket. This was created on May 12, 1941 by architect Richard Haviland Smythe located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Scale 1/2"=1'0.
Phase diagram of a two-dimensional system with anomalous liquid properties
Creators: name: Almudallal, Ahmad M.
name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Saika-Voivod, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulation techniques, we calculate the phase diagram for a square shoulder-square well potential in two dimensions that has been previously shown to exhibit liquid anomalies consistent with a metastable liquid-liquid critical point. We consider the liquid, gas and five crystal phases, and find that all the melting lines are first order, despite a small range of metastability. One melting line exhibits a temperature maximum, as well as a pressure maximum that implies inverse melting over a small range in pressure.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Fast Low Frequency Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement, Modeling, and Analysis Techniques
Creators: name: Al-Ali, Abdulwadood
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: The rapid advancements in technology today have seen more and more attention placed on the automation of many of our daily life's tasks. This is usually achieved through the use of a variety of sensors and actuators. With both hardware and software being pushed beyond the limits of what we ever thought possible, more focus is now being put on the use of these systems, especially in advancing their rapid measurement ability and in interpreting the data they obtain. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been regarded as one of the most promising technologies in this field owing to its interesting applications across a wide range of industries. EIS has seen a significant leap particularly in its hardware implementation over the last few years, causing the focus of research to expand toward the utilization of this hardware and the modeling and analysis of measured EIS data. This thesis present various EIS measurement, modeling, and analysis techniques that are meant to contribute to integrating the many EIS applications into the market. This is done by proposing an improved phase extraction technique for a previously proposed magnitude-only impedance measurement technique based on a novel non-uniform Kramers-Kronig transform. Additionally, an extension of the double-dispersion models is presented by combining different single dispersion models. These extended models are validated and proven to give more freedom, improving their fitting accuracy. Moreover, a novel generic model that consists of N sections, each having 3 impedances, is proposed. A machine learning-based circuit model identification technique along with a two-stage optimization routine is also put forward. The technique utilizes the same generic impedance model, with the added value of being able to rapidly model EIS data. Finally, multiple wide band signals for fast low-frequency EIS measurements are presented. The first signal is chaotic, while the second is based on the Rudin-Shapiro polynomial. Both signals were tested with discrete RC circuits and in applications with various fruits and vegetables, while the latter was additionally used to monitor the aging of a strawberry.
Universal dynamics of rogue waves in a quenched spinor Bose condensate
Creators: name: Siovitz, Ido
name: Lannig, Stefan
name: Deller, Yannick
name: Strobel, Helmut
name: Oberthaler, Markus K.
name: Gasenzer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated many-body systems far from equilibrium may exhibit scaling dynamics with universal exponents indicating the proximity of the time-evolution to a non-thermal fixed point. We find universal dynamics connected with the occurrence of extreme wave excitations in the mutually coupled magnetic components of a spinor gas which propagate in an effectively random potential. The frequency of these rogue waves is affected by the time-varying spatial correlation length of the potential, giving rise to an additional exponent $δ_\mathrm{c} \simeq 1/3$ for temporal scaling, which is different from the exponent $β_V \simeq 1/4$ characterizing the scaling of the correlation length $\ell_V \sim t^{\,β_V}$ in time. As a result of the caustics, i.e., focusing events, real-time instanton defects appear in the Larmor phase of the spin-1 system as vortices in space and time. The temporal correlations governing the instanton occurrence frequency scale as $t^{\, δ_\mathrm{I}}$. This suggests that the universality class of a non-thermal fixed point could be characterized by different, mutually related exponents defining the evolution in time and space, respectively. Our results have a strong relevance for understanding pattern coarsening from first principles and potential implications for dynamics ranging from the early universe to geophysical dynamics and micro physics.
Changes in food web dynamics of low Arctic ponds with varying content of dissolved organic carbon
Creators: name: Mariash, Heather L.
name: Cazzanelli, Matteo
name: Rautio, Milla
name: Hamerlik, Ladislav
name: Wooller, Matthew J.
name: Christoffersen, Kirsten S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: An influx of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC) into freshwater habitats can regulate a range of ecosystem characteristics, from water clarity to productivity. To understand the extent to which DOC can regulate ecosystem functioning, we conducted a survey to determine the source of DOC in low Arctic ponds close to the Arctic Circle (Kangerlussuaq, Greenland), including its role in food web dynamics. We used a multiple element (carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen) stable isotope approach to examine the proportional contribution of different sources to aquatic consumers in nine arctic ponds that spanned a broad gradient of DOC (6.6–60.1 mgL-1). Our results show that benthic and pelagic primary production decreased along a gradient of increasing DOC content. Additionally, the changes in the organic matter pool with increasing DOC translated into changes in consumer resource use. We found significant differences in resource use between species. All consumers relied on benthic autotrophic material when DOC was low; but when DOC was high some consumers changed their diet. Collectively, our findings demonstrate how the concentration of DOC influences aquatic production and our study can be used as a baseline to predict how the aquatic food web may respond to regionally changing DOC concentrations.
A new simple class of superpotentials in SUSY Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Marques, Fabricio
name: Negrini, Osvaldo
name: da Silva, Adilson Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce the class of quantum mechanics superpotentials $W(x)=gε(x) x^{2n}$ and study in details the cases $n=0$ and 1. The $n=0$ superpotential is shown to lead to the known problem of two supersymmetrically related Dirac delta potentials (well and barrier). The $n=1$ case result in the potentials $V_{\pm}(x)=g^{2}x^{4}\pm2g|x|$. For $V_{-}$ we present the exact ground state solution and study the excited states by a variational technic. Starting from the ground state of $V_{-}$ and using logarithmic perturbation theory we study the ground states of $V_{+}$ and also of $V(x)=g^2 x^4$ and compare the result got by this new way with other results for this state in the literature.
description: 18 pages
Postosuchus kirkpatricki , Long and Murry 1995
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Crocodylia
Rauisuchidae
Postosuchus
Postosuchus kirkpatricki

description: CM 73372 5 Postosuchus kirkpatricki Long and Murry, 1995; Weinbaum, 2002; Novak, 2004; Peyer et al., 2008.
AGE: Late Norian–?Rhaetian, Late Triassic (Heckert et al., 2008).
 OCCURRENCE: Coelophysis Quarry, ‘‘siltstone member’’ of the Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, northern New Mexico.
SPECIMEN: CM 73372, articulated postcranial skeleton including hind limbs, pelvis, dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, portions of the humerus, scapula, ulna, radius, partial manus, osteoderms, ribs, and gastralia.
 REMARKS: In a review of Postosuchus kirkpatricki, Long and Murry (1995) referred an articulated skeleton from the Coelophysis Quarry of New Mexico to P. kirkpatricki without specific justification. Weinbaum (2002), Novak (2004), and Peyer et al. (2008) accepted the identification of CM 73372 as P. kirkpatricki. Nevertheless, these authors failed to note any synapomorphies unique to P. kirkpatricki and CM 73372. All authors noted that the specimen represents a skeletally immature individual because none of the neural sutures are closed (see Brochu, 1996; Irmis, 2007). Weinbaum (2002) and Novak (2004) did note that the preacetabular process of the ilium was much longer than that of P. kirkpatricki.
 Because there are no clear characters linking P. kirkpatricki to CM 73372 to the exclusion of other taxa, it is treated as a separate terminal taxon. CM 73372 differs from Postosuchus kirkpatricki and Rauisuchus in possessing a concave ventral margin of the ilium. Also, CM 73372 differs from P. alisonae in processing an asymmetrical distal end (in distal view) of metatarsal IV. CM 73372 and Polonosuchus overlap only in the caudal vertebrae, but do not differ.
KEY REFERENCES: Long and Murry, 1995; Weinbaum, 2002; Novak, 2004; Peyer et al., 2008.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on page 38, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
Analysis of Radiation Therapy in Cancer Treatment using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Yarschenko, Adam H
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: radiation therapy
subject: MADI
subject: MDASI
subject: machine learning
subject: clustering
subject: random forest
subject: cancer
subject: radiotherapy
subject: patient reported outcomes
subject: dosiomics
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Physics--Radiation

description: Advancements in machine learning and data science have allowed researchers and clinicians to generate key insights from the vast amount of data generated in healthcare. This is currently a topic of research with great interest. With the advancement in algorithm design, and computing power, machine learning has proven to be a capable tool to augment or partially automate decision making. In this thesis, patient reported outcome surveys (PROs) for head and neck radiotherapy, and the relationship between the radiation dose distribution and breast size for whole-breast radiotherapy were investigated using statistical and machine learning methods. Two PRO measures; the M.D. Anderson symptom inventory for head and neck cancer, and the M.D. Anderson dysphagia inventory, were examined for a cohort of patients post radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. A strategy for administering a single PRO instrument is proposed which would reduce the questionnaire burden on patients, and allow physicians to identify patients who require specialized treatment for dealing with radiotherapy side-effects, such as referral to a dietician or speech language pathologist. Dosiomic features were extracted from the 3D radiation dose cloud in whole-breast radiotherapy plans. Feature reduction was achieved through hierarchical clustering and random forests were trained to stratify treated volume based on the distribution in the dose. Permutation feature importance was used to rank features’ classification utility in this task. The top 3 features were used to achieve superior performance when compared to the entire feature set. Dosiomics gives new insight into 3D dose distribution, and these features can be used in future studies to relate to treatment outcomes associated with whole breast radiotherapy for large volumes.
The Electrochemistry of Ferrocenyl-thiolate Self-Assembled Monolayers for use in a Toll-like Receptor 4-based sensor
Creators: name: Singh, Raunak
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemistry--Physical
subject: Physical Sciences

description: Detection of biological agents by traditional bench-top instrumentation is insufficient for purposes of real time on-site analysis, which is imperative for biodefense applications. Unlike radiological and chemical warfare agents, sophisticated detection systems have not yet been designed for immediate sensing of biological agents. Development of field-deployable biosensors is a response to fulfill this gap, specifically, the demand for immediate recognition of samples of unknown origin requiring broad-based detection capabilities. Our research group has been pursuing this venture by creating an electrochemical biosensor that is able to detect the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), produced by gram negative bacteria. Our biosensor utilizes Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) immunoproteins as the biorecognition element. These immunoproteins are surface immobilized via ternary alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) deposited on polycrystalline Au surfaces. These SAMs possess a uniquely low interfacial resistance (? 1 k?) due to the presence of a Ferrocenyl-thiolate component, which mediates electron transfer from dissolved Fe(CN)64- to the underlying Au substrate. The work presented in this thesis focuses on the problem, and its subsequent solution, encountered with the SAM electrochemistry portion of the TLR4 sensor assembly. The issue was initially detected by false positive responses of the sensor in the absence of LPS-containing bacterial lysate, exhibiting an increase in resistance of similar intensity in both the absence and presence of heat-killed Salmonella typhimurium (HKST) bacterial lysate. The primary cause of the TLR4 sensor drift was determined here to be the instability of the Fc+ group, which is generated repeatedly during the mediation of the Fe(CN)64- oxidation process. This is consistent with past literature that alluded to the irreversible redox deactivation of the Fc+ group under non-optimal conditions. This problem was remedied in this work by replacing phosphate ions from the buffer solution by perchlorate, but as proteins such as TLR4 should be kept in neutral conditions, another solution was sought. This involved replacing the original Fc-thiol molecule (i.e., 11-mercaptodecyl-ferrocenylcarboxamide (Fc-amide)) with 11-(ferrocenyl)undecanethiol (FcC¬11).These novel ternary SAMs containing the stable FcC11 component were then used to prepare a new generation of TLR4-based sensors, which showed negligible drift and were able to reliably detect LPS from 0.0128 to 5000 µg/mL. This demonstrates that utilizing Fc-thiolate SAMs is now a viable method to prepare low-resistance biosensors for use as field-deployable systems.