cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta-analyses of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) action on inflammation in in vivo models for the study of sepsis.
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hong Trang
name: Irving, Helen
name: Turek, Ilona
name: Meehan-Andrews, Terri
name: Zacharias, Anita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology and Infectious Disease
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Innate immune system

description: A systematic review analyses IRAK3 expression, and its effects and correlation to inflammatory cytokine (TNF-a and IL-6) expression, using meta-analyses of quantitative data from previous studies of in vivo animal and human models after one- or two-challenge interventions.
Let the world listen right: freestyle hip-hop at the contemporary crossroads of the Mississippi Delta
Creators: name: Neff, Ali Colleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Hip-hop in the Mississippi Delta is defined by the interaction of Diasporic aesthetic practice, local cultural tradition and global networks. Through collaborative ethnographic work with Delta hip-hop artists and the community that surrounds them, I explore the ways in which these forces influence the form and function of expressive culture in the area. Because the music of the region has been a site of intensive ethnographic collection for over a century, I will draw from scholarship on traditional Delta music to demonstrate its relationship to contemporary styles. Today, the freestyle hip-hop artist has taken on the prominent role once reserved for the bluesman. Rather than representing a break with the blues tradition, Delta hip-hop carries on many of the stylistic traits, performance techniques and functions of the blues. In its relationship to the blues, Delta freestyle hip-hop demonstrates the dynamic nature of Afrodiasporic folklore.
Irreversible Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for self-avoiding walk
Creators: name: Hu, Hao
name: Chen, Xiaosong
name: Deng, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate an irreversible Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the self-avoiding walk (SAW), which violates the detailed balance condition and satisfies the balance condition. Its performance improves significantly compared to that of the Berretti-Sokal algorithm, which is a variant of the Metropolis-Hastings method. The gained efficiency increases with the spatial dimension (D), from approximately $10$ times in 2D to approximately $40$ times in 5D. We simulate the SAW on a 5D hypercubic lattice with periodic boundary conditions, for a system with a linear size up to $L=128$, and confirm that as for the 5D Ising model, the finite-size scaling of the SAW is governed by renormalized exponents $ν^*=2/d$ and $γ/ν^*=d/2$. The critical point is determined, which is approximately $8$ times more precise than the best available estimate.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
2017/18 Mexico SSE
Creators: name: Maurer, Jeremy
name: Bekaert, David
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Tectonics and Structure
subject: Geophysics and Seismology
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Earth Sciences
subject: Earthquake
subject: Geodesy
subject: GNSS
subject: Guerrero
subject: InSAR
subject: Mexico
subject: Slow slip event
subject: SSE

description: This repository contains supplemental data and materials for the paper "Disentangling Aseismic Slip Processes on the Guerrero Segment of the Mexico Subduction Zone using Geodetic Data"
Alternative Cartographies Building Collective Power
Creators: name: Stallmann, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Maps have a significant legacy as tools of statecraft, imperialism and capitalism. Maps and map-making, however, can also be powerful methods of building community power. This thesis traces out the complexities of how a few particular counter-, critical, and alternative cartographies have worked. Alternative Cartographies Building Collective Power serves as a tool-kit of sorts for alternative cartographic practice. Chapter 1 gives a brief history of critical cartography, summarizing what is meant by Western state cartography, and giving a few illustrative examples of alternative cartographic practice. Chapter 2 explores what can happen when a group comes together to make a map or maps, with the intention of building new collective social formations through map-making. Chapter 3 draws on concepts from Community-Based Participatory Research to look at the interaction between a cartographer or group of cartographers (as experts) working alongside other people who are not involved in map-making themselves but nevertheless have a stake in the maps and what they depict.
title: José Paes Esteves
Creators: name: Araujo, Renata
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica José Paes Esteves, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Araújo, Renata. 2022. José Paes Esteves in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Terahertz spin ratchet effect in magnetic metamaterials
Creators: name: Hild, Marcel
name: Golub, Leonid E.
name: Fuhrmann, A.
name: Otteneder, Maximilian
name: Kronseder, Matthias
name: Matsubara, M.
name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Oshima, D.
name: Honda, A.
name: Kato, T.
name: Wunderlich, Jörg
name: Back, Christian H.
name: Ganichev, Sergey D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on spin ratchet currents driven by terahertz radiation electric fields in a Co/Pt magnetic metamaterial formed by triangle-shaped holes forming an antidots lattice and subjected to an external magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the metal film plane. We show that for a radiation wavelength substantially larger than the period of the antidots array the radiation causes a polarization-independent spin-polarized ratchet current. The current is generated by the periodic asymmetric radiation intensity distribution caused by the near-field diffraction at the edges of the antidots, which induces spatially inhomogeneous periodic electron gas heating, and a phase-shifted periodic asymmetric electrostatic force. The developed microscopic theory shows that the magnetization of the Co/Pt film results in a spin ratchet current caused by both the anomalous Hall and the anomalous Nernst effects. Additionally, we observed a polarization-dependent trigonal spin photocurrent, which is caused by the scattering of electrons at the antidot boundaries resulting in a spin-polarized current due to the magnetization. Microscopic theory of these effects reveals that the trigonal photocurrent is generated at the boundaries of the triangle antidots, whereas the spin ratchet is generated due to the spatially periodic temperature gradient over the whole film. This difference causes substantially different hysteresis widths of these two currents.
A Dynamical Evolution Study of 40 2MASS Open Clusters
Creators: name: Güneş, Orhan
name: Karataş, Yüksel
name: Bonatto, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamical evolution of 40 open clusters (OCs) by means of their astrophysical parameters derived from field-decontaminated 2MASS photometry. We find a bifurcation in the planes core radius vs. age and cluster radius vs. age, in which part of the clusters appear to expand with time probably due to the presence of stellar black holes while others seem to shrink due to dynamical relaxation. Mass functions (MFs) are built for 3$/$4 of the sample (31 OCs), which are used to search for indications of mass segregation and external dynamical processes by means of relations among astrophysical, structural and evolutionary parameters. We detect a flattening of MF slopes ocurring at the evolutionary parameters $τ_{core}\leq 32$ and $τ_{overall}\leq 30$, respectively. Within the uncertainties involved, the overall MF slopes of 14 out of 31 OCs with $m_{overall} > 500~M_{\odot}$ are consistent with Kroupa's initial mass function, implying little or no dynamical evolution for these clusters. The remaining 17 OCs with MF slopes departing from that of Kroupa show mild/large scale mass segregation due to dynamical evolution.
description: Accepted by AN. 48 pages, 36 figures and 11 tables
title: José Pinto Alpoim
Creators: name: Araujo, Renata
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica José Pinto Alpoim, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Araújo, Renata. 2022.  José Pinto Alpoim in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Betriebliche Öffentlichkeiten im Strukturwandel als Ausgangspunkt einer Demokratisierung der Arbeit?
Creators: name: Heiland, Heiner
name: Seeliger, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arbeitspolitik
subject: Öffentlichkeit
subject: Kritische Theorie
subject: 300

description: Ausgehend von Jürgen Habermas´ Argumentation im Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit zielt der Text auf eine Etablierung eines Konzeptes arbeitspolitischer Öffentlichkeit. Im Strukturwandel von Globalisierung und Digitalisierung dienen als Beispiele der Arbeitskreis 'Internationale Solidarität im Volkswagen-Konzern sowie die Rider-Arbeit in der Logistikbranche.
Effect of Chemical Pressure on High Temperature Ferrimagnetic Double Perovskites Sr2CrOsO6 and Ca2CrOsO6
Creators: name: Morrow, Ryan
name: Soliz, Jennifer R.
name: Hauser, Adam J.
name: Gallagher, James C.
name: Susner, Michael A.
name: Sumption, Michael D.
name: Aczel, Adam A.
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Yang, Fengyuan
name: Woodward, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ordered double perovskites Sr2CrOsO6 and Ca2CrOsO6 have been synthesized and characterized with neutron powder diffraction, electrical transport measurements, and high field magnetization experiments. Sr2CrOsO6 and Ca2CrOsO6 crystallize with R-3 and P21/n space group symmetry, respectively. Both materials are found to be ferrimagnetic insulators with saturation magnetizations near 0.2 μB. Sr2CrOsO6 orders at 660 K, showing non-monotonic magnetization temperature dependence, while Ca2CrOsO6 orders at 490 K and does not show non-monotonic behavior. Evidence for a theoretically predicted canted magnetic structure in Sr2CrOsO6 is sought and not found.
description: 18 pages and 8 figures
Estimation of Speciated PM2.5 Values from the Chemical Speciation Network Using the Bayesian Maximum Entropy Method
Creators: name: Teet, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Fine particulate air pollution is of particular concern to health and mortality. Until recent years, only general PM2.5 data were available; but with the inception of the Chemical Speciation Network, interest has mounted regarding the effects of individual components of PM2.5. However, due to geographic and temporal scarcity of available data, researchers have been able to conclude little about the effects of these pollutants. The use of a Bayesian Maximum Entropy model could address gaps in data and lead to better analysis of specific effects of PM2.5 components. Data for three different pollutants were collected from the Chemical Speciation Network for seven sites in California over a period spanning five years. These data were entered into a Bayesian Maximum Entropy model to check the validity of estimations made by this model. The three models output a range of estimations, both good and bad, but overall show potential for future use.
On the Failure of BD-N and BD, and an Application to the Anti-Specker Property
Creators: name: Lubarsky, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F60, 26E40

description: We give the natural topological model for the failure of BD-N, and use it to show that the closure of spaces with the anti-Specker property under product does not imply BD-N. Also, the natural topological model for the failure of BD is presented. Finally, for some of the realizability models known indirectly to falsify BD-N, it is brought out in detail how BD-N fails.
A Systematic Review of the Use of Atomoxetine for Management of Comorbid Anxiety disorders in Children and Adolescents with Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Creators: name: Khoodoruth, Mohamed Adil Shah
name: Ouanes, Sami
name: Khan, Yasser
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Pharmacy Administration, Policy and Regulation
subject: Nervous System Diseases
subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Diseases
subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: adhd
subject: anxiety
subject: atomoxetine
subject: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
subject: child and adolescent psychiatry
subject: comorbidity
subject: neurodevelopmental disorder
subject: non-stimulants
subject: systematic review

description: This article systematically reviews published clinical trials that have been done to compare the efficacy and tolerability of atomoxetine in children and adolescents. A systematic review, which has not been done hitherto to the best of our knowledge, is necessary in appraising the suitability of use of atomoxetine for comorbid anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The clinical implications may be very practical to child and adolescent mental health professionals and may aid them in making treatment algorithm decisions that include atomoxetine for children with comorbid ADHD and anxiety.
A Dynamically degradable surface: can we ‘Fool’ bacteria to delay biofouling in urinary stents?
Creators: name: TOFAIL, SYED ANSAR
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineering

description: Human body has evolved multiple strategies such as the development of a complex immune system and procurement of commensal microorganisms to deal with detrimental invasion by microbes. Despite this, bioflms pose an extremely diffcult mechanism for humans to cope with infections caused by both pathogenic and opportunistically pathogenic microorganisms.
Thermally-Activated Phase Slips in Superfluid Spin Transport in Magnetic Wires
Creators: name: Kim, Se Kwon
name: Takei, So
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study thermally-activated phase slips in superfluid spin transport in easy-plane magnetic wires within the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert phenomenology, which runs parallel to the Langer-Ambegaokar-McCumber-Halperin theory for thermal resistances in superconducting wires. To that end, we start by obtaining the exact solutions for free-energy minima and saddle points. We provide an analytical expression for the phase-slip rate in the zero spin-current limit, which involves detailed analysis of spin fluctuations at extrema of the free energy. An experimental setup of a magnetoeletric circuit is proposed, in which thermal phase slips can be inferred by measuring nonlocal magnetoresistance.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, and a supplemental material
title: José Ramos de Sousa
Creators: name: Araujo, Renata
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica José Ramos de Sousa, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Araújo, Renata. 2022. in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Technology-Assisted Toilets: An Assistive Technology for Improving Hygiene and Independence in the Bathroom
Creators: name: Yachnin, David
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Toileting
Rehabilitation
Activities of Daily Living
Hygiene
Independence
Assistive Techology

description: Purpose: Toileting is an activity of daily living that is often difficult to perform independently for rehabilitation patients, which can be detrimental to the patient’s self-esteem and hygiene. Technology-Assisted Toilets (TATs) are commercially-available toilet seats which clean the user with a stream of water, and have a fan for drying. TATs are operated by a wall-mounted remote control. This thesis investigated whether TATs could improve stroke and geriatric rehabilitation patients’ ability to clean themselves independently after a bowel movement, and improve psychosocial outcomes when toileting. Methods: Stroke rehabilitation participants answered the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scales (PIADS) to assess the psychosocial impact of their regular toileting, then used the TAT for a bowel movement on three occasions. In geriatric rehabilitation, participants completed two bowel movement trials; one using regular toileting and one using the TAT. In both studies, participants answered the PIADS and were visually assessed for cleanliness after each trial. Results: Stroke rehabilitation patients had significantly higher PIADS when using the TAT. TATs cleaned participants completely in 73% of BM trials. In geriatric rehabilitation, participants gave TATs higher PIADS scores than regular toileting, but the difference was not statistically significant. Cleanliness level was equal between TAT and regular toileting. Conclusions: These pilot studies show that TATs have the potential to be useful assistive devices for stroke and geriatric rehabilitation patients who have difficulty cleaning themselves independently in the bathroom. PIADS scores in both studies suggest that participants would be unlikely to abandon using TATs.
Identifying and confronting vaccine hesitancy in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemics
Creators: name: Pruchansky, Veronica
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is a phenomenon that was addressed throughout the years and yet still remains. Due to VH, contagious diseases like measles and pertussis reappeared bringing the immunocompromised and placing the unvaccinated population in danger. The recent COVID-19 pandemic raised a new wave of immunization discussions within the healthcare team. Purpose of Project: This project focused on the front-line defense of our society, the healthcare workers (HCWs), to identify the barriers leading to VH and confront them, within this population during a pandemic. Methodology: The quantitative, non-randomized, quasi-experimental design assessed the HCWs’ beliefs, opinions, and knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines, provided a subsequent follow-up educational session that enabled the participants to learn the myths and facts of COVID disease/vaccines followed by the post-test survey to evaluate if there was an attitude change towards the vaccine. Results: A total of nine subjects participated in this study. The number of participants was greatly impacted by an unforeseen vaccination state mandate for HCWs. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank and the Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests were used to measure participants’ knowledge and attitude. The post-intervention mean average scores were lower than the pre-intervention, signifying that the change in knowledge and attitudes towards the vaccine was not a statistically significant post-intervention (p = 0.553, CI: 95%, Z = -0.594 and p = 0.905, CI: 95%, Z = -0.120, respectively). There was statistical significance in the evaluation of the participants’ readiness for immunization against COVID (p = 0.008). This demonstrated that individuals’ attitudes/comprehension of COVID vaccines have not been changed most likely due to a very small sample, which cannot provide generalizability to the population. Implications for Practice: This project can be an additional resource for primary care providers and community leaders to assist in delivering factual information related to the hot topic of COVID-19 immunization on different levels. This project is cheap and easy to replicate; it can contribute to addressing the gap in vaccine hesitancy knowledge.
Influence of Ion Streaming Instabilities on Transport Near Plasma Boundaries
Creators: name: Baalrud, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma boundary layers are susceptible to electrostatic instabilities driven by ion flows in presheaths and, when present, these instabilities can influence transport. In plasmas with a single species of positive ion, ion-acoustic instabilities are expected under conditions of low pressure and large electron-to-ion temperature ratio ($T_e/T_i \gg 1$). In plasmas with two species of positive ions, ion-ion two-stream instabilities can also be excited. The stability phase-space is characterized using the Penrose criterion and approximate linear dispersion relations. Predictions for how these instabilities affect ion and electron transport in presheaths, including rapid thermalization due to instability-enhanced collisions and an instability-enhanced ion-ion friction force, are also briefly reviewed. Recent experimental tests of these predictions are discussed along with research needs required for further validation. The calculated stability boundaries provide a guide to determine the experimental conditions at which these effects can be expected.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, International Conference on Phenomena in Ionized Gases 2015
Material Characterization and Modeling for Finite Element Simulation of Press Hardening with AISI 420C
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Rosenbusch, Daniel
name: Wester, Hendrik
name: Stockburger, Eugen
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: continuous cooling diagram
subject: flow curve
subject: forming limit diagram
subject: martensitic chromium steel
subject: press hardening simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The process of press hardening is gaining importance in view of the increasing demand for weight reduction combined with higher crash safety in cars. An alternative to the established manganese-boron steel 22MnB5 is hot-formed martensitic chromium steels such as AISI 420C. Strengths of 1850 MPa and elongations of 12% are possible, exceeding those of 22MnB5. In industrial manufacturing, FE-simulation is commonly used in order to design car body parts cost-efficiently. Therefore, the characterization and the modeling of AISI 420C regarding flow stress, phase transformations as well as failure behavior are presented in this paper. Temperature-depended flow curves are determined, showing the low flow stress and hardening behavior at temperatures around 1000 °C. Cooling experiments are carried out, and a continuous cooling diagram is generated. Observed phases are martensite and retained austenite for industrial relevant cooling rates above 10 K/s. In addition, tests to investigate temperature-dependent forming limit curves are performed. As expected, the highest forming limit is reached at 1050 °C and decreases with falling temperature. Finally, a simulation model of a press-hardening process chain is set up based on the material behavior characterized earlier and compared to experimental values. The forming force, phase transformation and forming limit could be calculated with good agreement to the experiment.
Long-term Retention of Proprioceptive Recalibration
Creators: name: Maksimovic, Stefan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Proprioceptive recalibration
Recall
Savings
Visuomotor adaptation
Motor learning

description: Proprioception is recalibrated following reaches with misaligned visual feedback of the hand, such that one’s sense of felt hand position is shifted in the direction of the visual feedback provided (Cressman & Henriques 2009). In the current experiment, we examined the ability of proprioceptive recalibration to be retained over an extended period of time (i.e. 4 days), and the benefits of additional training on retention in the form of recall and savings (i.e. faster re-learning on subsequent testing days). Twenty-four participants trained to reach to a target while seeing a cursor that was rotated 30° clockwise relative to their hand on an initial day of testing. Half of the participants then completed additional reach training trials on 4 subsequent testing days (Training group), whereas the second half of participants did not complete additional training (Non-Training group). Participants provided estimates of their felt hand position on all 5 testing days to establish retention of proprioceptive recalibration. Results revealed that proprioceptive recalibration was recalled 24 hours after initial training and that there was no benefit of additional training. Retention in the form of savings was observed on all days for the Training group and on Day 5 in the Non-Training group. These results reveal that proprioceptive recalibration does not benefit from additional training but is retained in the form of recall and savings. Taken together, results from the two groups of participants showed that the sensory system’s ability to change over time appeared to saturate early on, within two days of training. Moreover, the different time scales (i.e. 1 day for recall versus 4 days for savings), suggested that distinct processes may underlie recall and savings of proprioceptive recalibration.
Efficient Photo-heating Algorithms in Time-dependent Photo-ionization Simulations
Creators: name: Lee, Kai-Yan
name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Lundqvist, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension to the time-dependent photo-ionization code C$^2$-Ray to calculate photo-heating in an efficient and accurate way. In C$^2$-Ray, the thermal calculation demands relatively small time-steps for accurate results. We describe two novel methods to reduce the computational cost associated with small time-steps, namely, an adaptive time-step algorithm and an asynchronous evolution approach. The adaptive time-step algorithm determines an optimal time-step for the next computational step. It uses a fast ray-tracing scheme to quickly locate the relevant cells for this determination and only use these cells for the calculation of the time-step. Asynchronous evolution allows different cells to evolve with different time-steps. The asynchronized clocks of the cells are synchronized at the times where outputs are produced. By only evolving cells which may require short time-steps with these short time-steps instead of imposing them to the whole grid, the computational cost of the calculation can be substantially reduced. We show that our methods work well for several cosmologically relevant test problems and validate our results by comparing to the results of another time-dependent photo-ionization code.
description: 22 pages, 22 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neurodynamics of affect from the fMRI emotional picture viewing task in the MIDUS Refresher neuroscience project
Creators: name: Quinlan, Laurel
name: Finley, Anna
name: Urban-Wojcik, Emily
name: Sommerfeldt, Sasha
name: Mumford, Jeanette
name: Schaefer, Stacey
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS) is a longitudinal national study of adults in the United States that began in 1995. MIDUS consists of several projects, including Survey, Daily Diary, Cognitive, Biomarkers, and Neuroscience projects. The original MIDUS sample was assessed between 1995-1997 (MIDUS 1), again between 2004-2009 (MIDUS 2), and again starting in 2013 (data collection ongoing; MIDUS 3). To replenish the original sample, new participants were added to the protocol between 2011-2014 (MIDUS Refresher). This OSF page is intended to serve as the basis for several projects relating to the MIDUS Refresher neuroscience project functional MRI data. We outline here the details of how MIDUS Refresher fMRI data were collected, cleaned, and processed by our group. Parts of the MIDUS Refresher fMRI data have already been analyzed and some hypotheses have already been tested by others in our group and will be noted when relevant. A clear delineation of what hypotheses have been tested and which have yet to be tested will be included when necessary.
The periodic review reports of the biosphere reserves of the MaB Programme. Case study: Biosphere Reserve Sierras de Cazorla, Segura and las Villas
Creators: name: Castaño-Quintero, Paula A.
name: Gil-Cerezo, M. Victoria
name: Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen
name: Domínguez-Vilches, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biosphere reserves

description: Biosphere Reserves are areas of territory recognized for their environmental and social particularities which belong to UNESCO's "Man and Biosphere" Programme. Every 10 years, the responsible agency for the management of the Reserve must prepare a Periodic Review Report for the International Coordination Council of the Programme to evaluate the level of fulfilment of designation criteria, determining, where appropriate, its permanence in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. This article describes the process that gives rise to these reports, by means of the analyses of a type case, the preparation for the third Periodic Review Report of the Biosphere Reserve Sierras de Cazorla, Segura and las Villas, Spain: design, application, and identification of the key aspects of its elaboration process, sources, and tools used for the collection, analysis, and validation of the information and data included in the report. In addition, the factors that could contribute to improve the evaluation’s capacity of these reports are highlighted.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5088/Castano-QuinteroEtAl.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Convergence properties of Gibbs samplers for Bayesian probit regression with proper priors
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Saptarshi
name: Khare, Kshitij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Bayesian probit regression model (Albert and Chib (1993)) is popular and widely used for binary regression. While the improper flat prior for the regression coefficients is an appropriate choice in the absence of any prior information, a proper normal prior is desirable when prior information is available or in modern high dimensional settings where the number of coefficients ($p$) is greater than the sample size ($n$). For both choices of priors, the resulting posterior density is intractable and a Data Dugmentation (DA) Markov chain is used to generate approximate samples from the posterior distribution. Establishing geometric ergodicity for this DA Markov chain is important as it provides theoretical guarantees for constructing standard errors for Markov chain based estimates of posterior quantities. In this paper, we first show that in case of proper normal priors, the DA Markov chain is geometrically ergodic *for all* choices of the design matrix $X$, $n$ and $p$ (unlike the improper prior case, where $n \geq p$ and another condition on $X$ are required for posterior propriety itself). We also derive sufficient conditions under which the DA Markov chain is trace-class, i.e., the eigenvalues of the corresponding operator are summable. In particular, this allows us to conclude that the Haar PX-DA sandwich algorithm (obtained by inserting an inexpensive extra step in between the two steps of the DA algorithm) is strictly better than the DA algorithm in an appropriate sense.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures; typos corrected
Happy Birthday Swift: Ultra-long GRB141121A and its broad-band Afterglow
Creators: name: Cucchiara, A.
name: Veres, P.
name: Corsi, A.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Marshall, A. Lien F. E.
name: Pagani, C.
name: Toy, V. L.
name: Capone, J. I.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Horesh, A.
name: Modjaz, M.
name: Butler, N. R.
name: Littlejohns, O. M.
name: Watson, A. M.
name: Kutyrev, A. S.
name: Lee, W. H.
name: Richer, M. G.
name: Klein, C. R.
name: Fox, O. D.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Troja, E.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, E.
name: de Diego, J. A.
name: Georgiev, L.
name: Gonzalez, J.
name: Roman-Zuniga, C. G.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Moseley, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our extensive observational campaign on the Swift-discovered GRB141121A, al- most ten years after its launch. Our observations covers radio through X-rays, and extends for more than 30 days after discovery. The prompt phase of GRB 141121A lasted 1410 s and, at the derived redshift of z = 1.469, the isotropic energy is Eγ,iso = 8.0x10^52 erg. Due to the long prompt duration, GRB141121A falls into the recently discovered class of UL-GRBs. Peculiar features of this burst are a flat early-time optical light curve and a radio-to-X-ray rebrightening around 3 days after the burst. The latter is followed by a steep optical-to-X-ray decay and a much shallower radio fading. We analyze GRB 141121A in the context of the standard forward-reverse shock (FS,RS) scenario and we disentangle the FS and RS contributions. Finally, we comment on the puzzling early-time (t ~3 d) behavior of GRB 141121A, and suggest that its interpretation may require a two-component jet model. Overall, our analysis confirms that the class of UL-GRBs represents our best opportunity to firmly establish the prominent emission mechanisms in action during powerful GRB explosions, and future missions (like SVOM, XTiDE, or ISS-Lobster) will provide many more of such objects.
description: 25 pages, 5 pages, accepted for publication on The Astrophysical Journal (June 2015)
The Power of Language: Communication, Memory, and Greek Jews during the Holocaust
Creators: name: Buller, Robin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Reflecting on his experience in Auschwitz, Primo Levi wrote, “Survival [in a concentration camp] depended on an inmate’s capacity to readily carry out commands.” Familiarity with the language of those in charge was critical and, typically, that language was German. The multilingual Greek Jews of Salonika, whose non-Germanic linguistic background isolated them from the majority of the prisoner population, serve as an excellent case study through which to we can understand the relationship between language and survival during the Holocaust. This study concentrates on two Salonikan Jewish sources: the oral testimony of Eli Benyacar and the written memoir of Léon Perahia. Through close analysis of these two rich accounts, this study demonstrates the centrality of language to everyday concentration camp interactions, collective identity, and prisoner resistance. It introduces the concept of “linguistic power” as a framework for understanding hierarchies and explores the role of language in memory.
Firing stability of tube furnace-annealed n-type poly-Si on oxide junctions
Creators: name: Hollemann, Christina
name: Rienäcker, Michael
name: Soeriyadi, Anastasia
name: Madumelu, Chukwuka
name: Haase, Felix
name: Krügener, Jan
name: Hallam, Brett
name: Brendel, Rolf
name: Peibst, Robby
Publisher: name: Chichester : Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: blistering
subject: firing
subject: passivating contacts
subject: passivation
subject: POLO
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: Stability of the passivation quality of poly-Si on oxide junctions against the conventional mainstream high-temperature screen-print firing processes is highly desirable and also expected since the poly-Si on oxide preparation occurs at higher temperatures and for longer durations than firing. We measure recombination current densities (J0) and interface state densities (Dit) of symmetrical samples with n-type poly-Si contacts before and after firing. Samples without a capping dielectric layer show a significant deterioration of the passivation quality during firing. The Dit values are (3 ± 0.2) x 1011 and (8 ± 2) x 1011 eV/cm2 when fired at 620°C and 900°C, respectively. The activation energy in an Arrhenius fit of Dit versus the firing temperature is 0.30 ± 0.03 eV. This indicates that thermally induced desorption of hydrogen from Si-H bonds at the poly-Si/SiOx interface is not the root cause of depassivation. Postfiring annealing at 425°C can improve the passivation again. Samples with SiNx capping layers show an increase in J0 up to about 100 fA/cm2 by firing, which can be attributed to blistering and is not reversed by annealing at 425°C. On the other hand, blistering does not occur in poly-Si samples capped with AlOx layers or AlOx/SiNy stacks, and J0 values of 2–5 fA/cm2 can be achieved after firing. Those findings suggest that a combination of two effects might be the root cause of the increase in J0 and Dit: thermal stress at the SiOz interface during firing and blistering. Blistering is presumed to occur when the hydrogen concentration in the capping layers exceeds a certain level.
Where are the Low-Mass Population III Stars ?
Creators: name: Ishiyama, Tomoaki
name: Sudo, Kae
name: Yokoi, Shingo
name: Hasegawa, Kenji
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Susa, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the number and the distribution of low mass Pop III stars in the Milky Way. In our numerical model, hierarchical formation of dark matter minihalos and Milky Way sized halos are followed by a high resolution cosmological simulation. We model the Pop III formation in H2 cooling minihalos without metal under UV radiation of the Lyman-Werner bands. Assuming a Kroupa IMF from 0.15 to 1.0 Msun for low mass Pop III stars, as a working hypothesis, we try to constrain the theoretical models in reverse by current and future observations. We find that the survivors tend to concentrate on the center of halo and subhalos. We also evaluate the observability of Pop III survivors in the Milky Way and dwarf galaxies, and constraints on the number of Pop III survivors per minihalo. The higher latitude fields require lower sample sizes because of the high number density of stars in the galactic disk, the required sample sizes are comparable in the high and middle latitude fields by photometrically selecting low metallicity stars with optimized narrow band filters, and the required number of dwarf galaxies to find one Pop III survivor is less than ten at <100 kpc for the tip of redgiant stars. Provided that available observations have not detected any survivors, the formation models of low mass Pop III stars with more than ten stars per minihalo are already excluded. Furthermore, we discuss the way to constrain the IMF of Pop III star at a high mass range of > 10 Msun.
description: accepted by ApJ, 11 pages, 8 figures
Inferring the gravitational wave memory for binary coalescence events
Creators: name: Khera, Neev
name: Krishnan, Badri
name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: De Lorenzo, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Ridge, NY : American Physical Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: extreme gravity tests
subject: compact binary
subject: general-relativity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Full, nonlinear general relativity predicts a memory effect for gravitational waves. For compact binary coalescence, the total gravitational memory serves as an inferred observable, conceptually on the same footing as the mass and the spin of the final black hole. Given candidate waveforms for any LIGO-Virgo event, then one can calculate the posterior probability distribution functions for the total gravitational memory and use them to compare and contrast the waveforms. In this paper, we present these posterior distributions for the binary black hole merger events reported in the first Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog, using the phenomenological and effective-one-body waveforms. On the whole, the two sets of posterior distributions agree with each other quite well though we find larger discrepancies for the =2, m=1 mode of the memory. This signals a possible source of systematic errors that was not captured by the posterior distributions of other inferred observables. Thus, the posterior distributions of various angular modes of total memory can serve as diagnostic tools to further improve the waveforms. Analyses such as this would be valuable especially for future events as the sensitivity of ground-based detectors improves, and for LISA which could measure the total gravitational memory directly.
Gravitational Faraday and spin-Hall effects of light
Creators: name: Shoom, Andrey A.
Publisher: name: Ridge, NY : American Physical Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Berry topological phase
subject: quai-classical theory
subject: electromagnetic waves
subject: general-relativity
subject: geometrical-optics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The gravitational Faraday and its dual spin-Hall effects of light arise in space-times of nonzero angular momentum. These effects were studied in stationary, asymptotically flat space-times. Here we study these effects in arbitrary, nonstationary, asymptotically flat space-times. These effects arise from the interaction between light polarization and space-time angular momentum. As a result of such interaction, the phase velocity of left- and right-handed circularly polarized light becomes different, that results in the gravitational Faraday effect. This difference implies different dynamics of these components, that begin to propagate along different paths—the gravitational spin-Hall effect of light. Due to this effect, the gravitational field splits a multicomponent beam of unpolarized light and produces polarized gravitational rainbow. The component separation is an accumulative effect observed in long range asymptotics. To study this effect, we construct uniform eikonal expansion and derive dynamical equation describing this effect. To analyze the dynamical equation, we present it in the local space and time decomposition form. The spatial part of the equation presented in the related optical metric is analogous to the dynamical equation of a charged particle moving in magnetic field under the influence of the Coriolis force.
Numerical inside view of hypermassive remnant models for GW170817
Creators: name: Kastaun, W.
name: Ohme, F.
Publisher: name: Ridge, NY : American Physical Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: star merger GW170817
subject: gravitational-waves
subject: evolutions
subject: search
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The first multimessenger observation attributed to a merging neutron star binary provided an enormous amount of observational data. Unlocking the full potential of this data requires a better understanding of the merger process and the early postmerger phase, which are crucial for the later evolution that eventually leads to observable counterparts. In this work, we perform standard hydrodynamical numerical simulations of a system compatible with GW170817. We focus on a single equation of state and two mass ratios, while neglecting magnetic fields and neutrino radiation. We then apply newly developed postprocessing and visualization techniques to the results obtained for this basic setting. The focus lies on understanding the three-dimensional structure of the remnant, most notably the fluid flow pattern, and its evolution until collapse. We investigate the evolution of mass and angular momentum distribution up to collapse, as well as the differential rotation along and perpendicular to the equatorial plane. For the cases that we studied, the remnant cannot be adequately modeled as a differentially rotating axisymetric neutron star. Further, the dominant aspect leading to collapse is the gravitational wave radiation and not internal redistribution of angular momentum. We relate features of the gravitational wave signal to the evolution of the merger remnant and make the waveforms publicly available. Finally, we find that the three-dimensional vorticity field inside the disk is dominated by medium-scale disturbances and not the orbital velocity, with potential consequences for magnetic field amplification effects.
Robust recovery of primitive variables in relativistic ideal magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Kastaun, Wolfgang
name: Kalinani, Jay Vijay
name: Ciolfi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Ridge, NY : American Physical Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Code
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Modern simulation codes for general relativistic ideal magnetohydrodynamics are all facing a long-standing technical problem given by the need to recover fundamental variables from those variables that are evolved in time. In the relativistic case, this requires the numerical solution of a system of nonlinear equations. Although several approaches are available, none has proven completely reliable. A recent study comparing different methods showed that all can fail, in particular for the important case of strong magnetization and moderate Lorentz factors. Here, we propose a new robust, efficient, and accurate solution scheme, along with a proof for the existence and uniqueness of a solution, and analytic bounds for the accuracy. Further, the scheme allows us to reliably detect evolution errors leading to unphysical states and automatically applies corrections for typical harmless cases. A reference implementation of the method is made publicly available as a software library. The aim of this library is to improve the reliability of binary neutron star merger simulations, in particular in the investigation of jet formation and magnetically driven winds.
"...The truth is that the center is free": Place, Space and Ethico-Political Practices in Interwoven Santo Daime Worlds
Creators: name: Akin, Katherine Eberlie
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Geography

description: This thesis elucidates how ethical practices are also political by analyzing collective projects undertaken by religious practitioners living in two Santo Daime communities. Santo Daime is a religion that originated in the Brazilian Amazon in 1930. The research for this thesis consisted of participant observation and interviews in two distinct Santo Daime communities, the Ecovila São José on Santa Catarina Island, Brazil, and the Church of the Holy Light of the Queen, located in Ashland, Oregon, USA. In each of these communities, I documented how daimistas (practitioners of Santo Daime) live ethically according to their religious beliefs and practices beyond their church rituals. Evaluations of the data collected resulted in two conclusions: 1) the everyday, embodied work of cultivating ethical subjectivities in religiously figured worlds is political, and 2) the political realities of such worlds are contingent on the specificities of place and space.