cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact periodic stripes for a minimizers of a local/non-local interaction functional in general dimension
Creators: name: Daneri, Sara
name: Runa, Eris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the functional considered in~\cite{2011PhRvB..84f4205G,2014CMaPh.tmp..127G,GiuSeirGS} and a continuous version of it, analogous to the one considered in~\cite{GR}. The functionals consist of a perimeter term and a non-local term which are in competition. For both the continuous and discrete problem, we show that the global minimizers are exact periodic stripes. One striking feature of the functionals is that the minimizers are invariant under a smaller group of symmetries than the functional itself. In the continuous setting, to our knowledge this is the first example of a model with local/nonlocal terms in competition such that the functional is invariant under permutation of coordinates and the minimizers display a pattern formation which is one dimensional. Such behaviour for a smaller range of exponents in the discrete setting was already shown in~\cite{GiuSeirGS}.
description: added figures; relaxed hypothesis from p> 2d to p>= d+2; added independence of L from \tau; rewrote intro
Heiner Bielefeldt; Michael Wiener, Religionsfreiheit auf dem Prüfstand. Konturen eines umkämpften Menschenrechts, Bielefeld: transcript Verlag 2020
Creators: name: Hilpert, Konrad
Publisher: name: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift, Bd. 71 Nr. 4 (2020)
Non-Asplund Banach spaces and operators
Creators: name: Brooker, Philip A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $W$ and $Z$ be Banach spaces such that $Z$ is separable and let $R:W\longrightarrow Z$ be a (continuous, linear) operator. We study consequences of the adjoint operator $R^\ast$ having non-separable range. From our main technical result we obtain applications to the theory of basic sequences and the existence of universal operators for various classes of operators between Banach spaces. We also obtain an operator-theoretic characterisation of separable Banach spaces with non-separable dual.
description: Accepted for publication by Journal of Functional Analysis. Version 3 features a number of minor corrections as well as a change to the title of the paper (which was originally 'Banach spaces and operators with non-separable dual'). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1612.08127
Additional file 1 of Unsupervised analysis of NIRS spectra to assess complex plant traits: leaf senescence as a use case
Creators: name: Villesseche, Héloïse
name: Ecarnot, Martin
name: Ballini, Elsa
name: Bendoula, Ryad
name: Gorretta, Nathalie
name: Roumet, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Pretreatments and statistics of the calibration of the supervised model [24].
Means of infinite sets I
Creators: name: Losonczi, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We open a new field on how one can define means on infinite sets. We investigate many different ways on how such means can be constructed. One method is based on sequences of ideals, other deals with accumulation points, one uses isolated points, other deals with average using integral, other with limit of average on surroundings and one deals with evenly distributed samples. We study various properties of such means and their relations to each other.
Additional file 1 of Public Cord Blood Banks as a source of starting material for clinical grade HLA-homozygous induced pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Álvarez-Palomo, Belén
name: Veiga, Anna
name: Raya, Angel
name: Codinach, Margarita
name: Torrents, Silvia
name: Ponce Verdugo, Laura
name: Rodriguez-Aierbe, Clara
name: Cuellar, Leopoldo
name: Alenda, Raquel
name: Arbona, Cristina
name: Hernández-Maraver, Dolores
name: Fusté, Cristina
name: Querol, Sergi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. 1. Health questionnaire carried out on cord blood donors once they agree to participate in the study.
Additional file 4 of Experiments on seepage-triggered cliff landslides using cohesive wet sand
Creators: name: Shibuya, Fumi
name: Sumita, Ikuro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Additional material on the method for calculating $$\phi$$ ϕ and S, rheometry, performance check of pressure sensor, and addenda on the $$h_{\mathrm{w}}$$ h w , H dependences.
Synchronized spin-photon coupling in a microwave cavity
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Vahram L.
name: Shen, Ka
name: Xia, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin-photon coupling in cavity in the presence of relative phase shift between two ferromagnetic resonance driving forces. We show that the anticrossing gap can be manipulated by varying the relative phase. Increasing the phase difference leads to narrowing the anticrossing gap of hybridized modes and eventually to phase locked coupling at the value of relative phase of π: The FMR and cavity modes become phase locked and oscillate at the same frequency near the resonance frequency. Characteristic linewidth drop and transmission amplitude enhancement are demonstrated. The phase resolved spin-photon coupling can be used both for phase imaging and controlling coupling parameters.
Harmonic factorization and reconstruction of the elasticity tensor
Creators: name: Olive, Marc
name: Kolev, Boris
name: Desmorat, Boris
name: Desmorat, Rodrigue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74E10 (Primary) 15A72, 74B05 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we propose a factorization of a fourth-order harmonic tensor into second-order tensors. We obtain moreover explicit equivariant reconstruction formulas, using second-order covariants, for transverse isotropic and orthotropic harmonic fourth-order tensors, and for trigonal and tetragonal harmonic fourth-order tensors up to a cubic fourth order covariant remainder.
description: Corrected a few typos
A continuous Riemann-Hilbert problem for colliding plane gravitational waves
Creators: name: Palenta, Stefan
name: Meinel, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the foundations of a new solution technique for the characteristic initial value problem (IVP) of colliding plane gravitational waves. It has extensive similarities to the approach of Alekseev and Griffiths in 2001, but we use an inverse scattering method with a Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP), which allows for a transformation to a continuous RHP with a solution given in terms of integral equations for non-singular functions. Ambiguities in this procedure lead to the construction of a family of spacetimes containing the solution to the IVP. Therefore the described technique also serves as an interesting solution generating method. The procedure is exemplified by extending the Szekeres class of colliding wave spacetimes with 2 additional real parameters. The obtained solution seems to feature a limiting case of a new type of impulsive waves, which are circularly polarised.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, section 7 and appendix added
The impact of national and global macroeconomic factors on emerging stock markets: A multi-statistical analysis of the MINT countries
Creators: name: Adesanmi, Adenike Adebola
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: International economics

description: This research contributes to an ongoing debate in finance on whether stock markets are
 integrated or segmented. The arbitrage pricing theory (APT) suggests that systematic and
 unsystematic risks are major determinants of stock market movements which have inspired
 scholars to examine factors responsible for high volatility in stock price movement. The
 literature on this subject has focused on investigating the impact of microeconomic and
 domestic macroeconomic factors on the stock market. However, only a little effort has been
 made on the potential impact of global macroeconomic factors, especially the implementation
 of monetary policy, through the Federal funds rate, on the emerging markets. There are many
 emerging markets in the world, but Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey (MINT) are a group
 of emerging markets which has been promoted by investment houses as an alternative
 investment destination to international investors hence why the attention on these countries.
 The target sample data analysed ranges from 1993 to 2014 and data was retrieved from reliable
 sources. There have been discrepancies in the results of researchers, due to the nature of the
 statistical methods employed which has created the need for this study to estimate the
 statistically significant interaction between stock returns and Federal funds rate, MSCI global
 equity index, commodity price index, exchange rate, interest rate and industrial production
 using multi-statistical strategy. Time series data analysis was used to conduct ARDL
 cointegration, impulse response function, variance decomposition and Granger causality tests
 to determine the short and long-run relationships between the variables. The Granger causality
 test shows the direction of causality between variables and all tests are conducted using
 monthly data.
 The findings of this research revealed that MINT countries have significant differences in the
 magnitude and their association with domestic and global macroeconomic factors. The results
 indicate domestic factors, such as interest rate and exchange rate as the major determinants of
 stock return movement in Mexico, Indonesia and Turkey. On the other hand, global commodity
 price index is identified as the primary determinants of stock return movement in Nigeria.
 Policymakers would benefit from the findings in the preparation of new capital market policies
 or modification of existing policies in the interest of the MINT stock markets.
Upper Bounds on the Runtime of the Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm on OneMax
Creators: name: Witt, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A runtime analysis of the Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm (UMDA) is presented on the OneMax function for wide ranges of its parameters $μ$ and $λ$. If $μ\ge c\log n$ for some constant $c>0$ and $λ=(1+Θ(1))μ$, a general bound $O(μn)$ on the expected runtime is obtained. This bound crucially assumes that all marginal probabilities of the algorithm are confined to the interval $[1/n,1-1/n]$. If $μ\ge c' \sqrt{n}\log n$ for a constant $c'>0$ and $λ=(1+Θ(1))μ$, the behavior of the algorithm changes and the bound on the expected runtime becomes $O(μ\sqrt{n})$, which typically even holds if the borders on the marginal probabilities are omitted. The results supplement the recently derived lower bound $Ω(μ\sqrt{n}+n\log n)$ by Krejca and Witt (FOGA 2017) and turn out as tight for the two very different values $μ=c\log n$ and $μ=c'\sqrt{n}\log n$. They also improve the previously best known upper bound $O(n\log n\log\log n)$ by Dang and Lehre (GECCO 2015).
description: Version 4: added illustrations and experiments; improved presentation in Section 2.2; to appear in Algorithmica; the final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00453-018-0463-0
Additional file 1 of The therapeutic effects of autologous conditioned serum on knee osteoarthritis: an animal model
Creators: name: Pishgahi, Alireza
name: Zamani, Majid
name: Mehdizadeh, Amir
name: Roshangar, Leila
name: Afkham-Daghdaghan, Milad
name: Pourabbas, Behzad
name: Yousefi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Concentration of cytokine and growth factors in Autologous conditioned serum.
Television sitcom production at the BBC 1973-1984: an integrated approach
Creators: name: Phillips, Wendy
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2005

description: Between 1973 and 1984 BBC Television produced and transmitted a number of popular situation comedies. These were designed to be light-hearted, inoffensive entertainment, but they nevertheless explored, reflected and reinforced changing public attitudes to private sexual behaviour. Central to the emergence of these series at this time was the ethos of the BBC's Light Entertainment Department under the successive leadership of Bill Cotton and James Gilbert. They espoused and developed attitudes of creative excellence, competitive success and benevolent patronage, and took a liberal, non-polemical, middle-brow approach to material. The thesis adopts a multi-faceted approach to reveal the relationships between the individual contributors and the public feedback for four of the most successful series: Are You Being Served (1973-1985), The Good Life (1975-1978), Butterflies (1978-1983) and The Young Ones (1982-1984). It concludes that their central creative impulse initially came from the four writer-producer teams: David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd; John Esmonde, Bob Larbey and John Howard Davies; Carla Lane, Sydney Lotterby and Gareth Gwenlan; and Rik Mayall, Lise Mayer, Ben Elton and Paul Jackson. These four series offered audiences a range of comedic situations, namely: a fading department store, an ecologically-aware suburban household, a more traditional suburban household and a student flat in a large metropolitan city. Audiences had several points of identification with the various characters and were able to adjust their own individual attitude to the private sexual behaviour of the characters, thus allowing the public as a whole to reach a new consensus about emerging changes in public attitudes. Particularly noticeable was the positive public response to the portrayal of two characters who challenged traditional gender norms: Mr Humphries (John Inman) and Margo Leadbetter (Penelope Keith), which for a short while gave both actor and character a life beyond each series. Other notable developments were the public acceptance of a more open portrayal of sexual desire in women, the decline of innuendo and a more public discussion of deviant sexual behaviour, the open acceptance of pre-marital sexual relationships and the tentative recognition of extra-marital sexual relationships.
Changing measurements or changing movements? Sampling scale and movement model identifiability across generations of biologging technology
Creators: name: Johnson, Leah R.
name: Boersch-Supan, Philipp H.
name: Phillips, Richard A.
name: Ryan, Sadie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: 1. Animal movement patterns contribute to our understanding of variation in breeding success and survival of individuals, and the implications for population dynamics. 2. Over time, sensor technology for measuring movement patterns has improved. Although older technologies may be rendered obsolete, the existing data are still valuable, especially if new and old data can be compared to test whether a behaviour has changed over time. 3. We used simulated data to assess the ability to quantify and correctly identify patterns of seabird flight lengths under observational regimes used in successive generations of tracking technology. 4. Care must be taken when comparing data collected at differing time-scales, even when using inference procedures that incorporate the observational process, as model selection and parameter estimation may be biased. In practice, comparisons may only be valid when degrading all data to match the lowest resolution in a set. 5. Changes in tracking technology that lead to aggregation of measurements at different temporal scales make comparisons challenging. We therefore urge ecologists to use synthetic data to assess whether accurate parameter estimation is possible for models comparing disparate data sets before conducting analyses such as responses to environmental changes or the assessment of management actions.
description: 31 pages, including appendices. 4 figures, 4 tables
Minimally subtracted six loop renormalization of $O(n)$-symmetric $ϕ^4$ theory and critical exponents
Creators: name: Kompaniets, Mikhail V.
name: Panzer, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the perturbative renormalization group functions of $O(n)$-symmetric $ϕ^4$ theory in $4-2\varepsilon$ dimensions to the sixth loop order in the minimal subtraction scheme. In addition, we estimate diagrams without subdivergences up to 11 loops and compare these results with the asymptotic behaviour of the beta function. Furthermore, we perform a resummation to obtain estimates for critical exponents in three and two dimensions.
description: comprehensive ancillary files provide details on the resummation of the critical exponents, the perturbative 6-loop expansions of critical exponents and RG functions, and epsilon expansions of 6-loop massless propagator integrals; v2: few misprints corrected and clarifications added
Additional file 1 of Sociodemographic and behavioural factors of adherence to the no-screen guideline for toddlers among parents from the French nationwide Elfe birth cohort
Creators: name: Poncet, Lorraine
name: Saïd, Mélèa
name: Gassama, Malamine
name: Dufourg, Marie-Noëlle
name: Müller-Riemenschneider, Falk
name: Lioret, Sandrine
name: Dargent-Molina, Patricia
name: Charles, Marie-Aline
name: Bernard, Jonathan Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of Sociodemographic and behavioural factors of adherence to the no-screen guideline for toddlers among parents from the French nationwide Elfe birth cohort
Creators: name: Poncet, Lorraine
name: Saïd, Mélèa
name: Gassama, Malamine
name: Dufourg, Marie-Noëlle
name: Müller-Riemenschneider, Falk
name: Lioret, Sandrine
name: Dargent-Molina, Patricia
name: Charles, Marie-Aline
name: Bernard, Jonathan Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
The Shattered Gradients Problem: If resnets are the answer, then what is the question?
Creators: name: Balduzzi, David
name: Frean, Marcus
name: Leary, Lennox
name: Lewis, JP
name: Ma, Kurt Wan-Duo
name: McWilliams, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A long-standing obstacle to progress in deep learning is the problem of vanishing and exploding gradients. Although, the problem has largely been overcome via carefully constructed initializations and batch normalization, architectures incorporating skip-connections such as highway and resnets perform much better than standard feedforward architectures despite well-chosen initialization and batch normalization. In this paper, we identify the shattered gradients problem. Specifically, we show that the correlation between gradients in standard feedforward networks decays exponentially with depth resulting in gradients that resemble white noise whereas, in contrast, the gradients in architectures with skip-connections are far more resistant to shattering, decaying sublinearly. Detailed empirical evidence is presented in support of the analysis, on both fully-connected networks and convnets. Finally, we present a new "looks linear" (LL) initialization that prevents shattering, with preliminary experiments showing the new initialization allows to train very deep networks without the addition of skip-connections.
description: ICML 2017, final version
Theoretical exploration of competing phases of lattice Bose gases in a cavity
Creators: name: Liao, Renyuan
name: Chen, Huang-Jie
name: Zheng, Dong-Chen
name: Huang, Zhi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider bosonic atoms loaded into optical lattices with cavity-mediated infinite-range interactions. Competing short- and global-range interactions cultivates a rich phase diagram. With a systematic field-theoretical perspective, we present an $\emph{analytical}$ construction of global ground-state phase diagram. We find that the infinite-range interaction enhances the fluctuation of the number density. In the strong coupling regime, we find four branches of elementary excitations with two being "partilce-like" and two being "hole-like", and that the excitation gap becomes soft at the phase boundary between compressible phases and incompressible phases. We derive an effective theory describing compressible superfluid and supersolid states. To complement this perturbative study, we construct a self-consistent mean-field theory and find numerical results consistent with our theoretical analysis. We map out the phase diagram and find that a charge density wave may undergo a structure phase transition to a different charge density wave before it finally enters into the supersolid phase driven by increasing the hopping amplitude.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
A dive into 'unknown' waters : a critical analysis of the EC merger control mechanism and policy and its application in the Baltic Countries
Creators: name: Malinauskaite, Jurgita
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2006

description: This study undertakes a comparative analysis of the approaches towards merger control regime taken at the EC and the national levels, namely the Baltic countries. The emergence and further development of competition law and policy (particularly merger control rules) in the unexplored Baltic countries represent a novelty of the work, as there are no comprehensive legal writings in this area. The comparative research revealed that the EC incorporates both a negative and a positive approach vis-a-vis merger control rules; after shifting towards a more economic based approach, the EC regulatory authorities have explicitly recognised possible pro-competitive effects of mergers on competition. Whereas, the situation differs in the Baltic countries: despite committing themselves to applying the EC competition policy, these countries employ a negative approach towards merger transactions by placing focus on finding `dominance' rather than stressing emphasis on a merger's effects on competition. This negative approach may mean that the Baltic countries are reluctant to admit pro-competitive effects of merger transactions on competition, which can be seen as a sign that the merger control regimes in the Baltic countries are orientated towards dominance or market power rather than efficiency enhancing. The law used in the research is stated on the basis of materials available to the researcher on 31 May 2006.
Two-dimensional ${J}_{\rm eff}$ = 1/2 antiferromagnetic insulator unraveled from interlayer exchange coupling in artificial perovskite iridate superlattices
Creators: name: Hao, L.
name: Meyers, D.
name: Frederick, C.
name: Fabbris, G.
name: Yang, J. Y.
name: Traynor, N.
name: Horak, L.
name: Kriegner, D.
name: Choi, Y. S.
name: Kim, J. W.
name: Haskel, D.
name: Ryan, P. J.
name: Dean, M. P. M.
name: Liu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental investigation of the two-dimensional ${J}_{\rm eff}$ = 1/2 antiferromagnetic Mott insulator by varying the interlayer exchange coupling in [(SrIrO$_3$)$_1$, (SrTiO$_3$)$_m$] ($m$ = 1, 2 and 3) superlattices. Although all samples exhibited an insulating ground state with long-range magnetic order, temperature-dependent resistivity measurements showed a stronger insulating behavior in the $m$ = 2 and $m$ = 3 samples than the $m$ = 1 sample which displayed a clear kink at the magnetic transition. This difference indicates that the blocking effect of the excessive SrTiO$_3$ layer enhances the effective electron-electron correlation and strengthens the Mott phase. The significant reduction of the Neel temperature from 150 K for $m$ = 1 to 40 K for $m$ = 2 demonstrates that the long-range order stability in the former is boosted by a substantial interlayer exchange coupling. Resonant x-ray magnetic scattering revealed that the interlayer exchange coupling has a switchable sign, depending on the SrTiO$_3$ layer number $m$, for maintaining canting-induced weak ferromagnetism. The nearly unaltered transition temperature between the $m$ = 2 and the $m$ = 3 demonstrated that we have realized a two-dimensional antiferromagnet at finite temperatures with diminishing interlayer exchange coupling.
description: 4 figures
Social Norms, Alcohol Expectancies, Parental Monitoring, Parental Perceptions And Adolescent Patterns of Alcohol Consumption In Athens And Cardiff: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
Creators: name: Speis, Phoebe-Demeter
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: Alcohol use is widespread in many cultures and alcohol experimentation in adolescence may be construed as a ‘’normal’’ practice. However excessive adolescent alcohol consumptionhas potentially detrimental effects on adolescents including impaired health, academic failure and adult alcohol-related problems(Hingson et al 2009). Adolescent patterns of alcohol consumption differ across cultures. In some cases, even when similaritiesin consumption rates are reported, different patterns of alcohol-related problems and consequences are observed across cultures(Hibell et al 2012). These differences may not be attributed solely to biological factors but may be related to specific cultural patterns of beliefs and expectations (Heath 2000). The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the differences between the two samples in the cities of Athens(Greece)and Cardiff (Wales)in drinking patterns as well as in several key factors that have been identified in the literature as predictors of risky adolescent alcohol use and alcohol related negativeconsequences. Specifically thisthesis investigated the differences in descriptive and injunctive norms, alcohol expectancies, parental monitoring and parental factors such as alcohol provision and parental attitudes, by utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including an adolescent self-report questionnaire and parental semi-structured interviews.
 xvRisky/hazardous alcohol-related behaviour, injunctive and personal norms, alcohol expectancies and parental monitoring elements such as parental control and child disclosurediffered significantly in respect of city(Cardiffvs. Athens) (p<0.005).Astepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that age-group, Cardiff residency, Fast Alcohol score, Parental control, Alcohol expectancies regardingRisk and Aggression/Liquid Courage/Sociabilityand Child disclosurewere all statistically significant independent predictive factors for high Saturday alcohol consumptionsignificantly in respect of city(Cardiffvs. Athens, p=0,012).From the thematic analysis of the semi-structured parental interviews,certain differences were highlightedin relation to parental perceptions and practises; including context-specificparental provision of alcohol at home in Cardiff and an emphasis on the perceived influence of othersin relation to adolescent drinking in Athens.Several implications for policy formation and intervention strategies arise from the results. Interventionsattempting to address problematic drinking in adolescence should beadapted to reflect cultural realitiesand targeted towards specific components such as perceived parental permissiveness and personal norms of alcohol-related behaviour.
High conduction hopping behavior induced in transition metal dichalcogenides by percolating defect networks: toward atomically thin circuits
Creators: name: Stanford, Michael G.
name: Pudasaini, Pushpa R.
name: Gallmeier, Elisabeth T.
name: Cross, Nicholas
name: Liang, Liangbo
name: Oyedele, Akinola
name: Duscher, Gerd
name: Mahjouri-Samani, Masoud
name: Wang, Kai
name: Xiao, Kai
name: Geohegan, David B.
name: Belianinov, Alex
name: Sumpter, Bobby G.
name: Rack, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin circuits have recently been explored for applications in next-generation electronics and optoelectronics and have been demonstrated with two-dimensional lateral heterojunctions. In order to form true 2D circuitry from a single material, electronic properties must be spatially tunable. Here, we report tunable transport behavior which was introduced into single layer tungsten diselenide and tungsten disulfide by focused He$^+$ irradiation. Pseudo-metallic behavior was induced by irradiating the materials with a dose of ~1x10$^{16} He^+/cm^2$ to introduce defect states, and subsequent temperature-dependent transport measurements suggest a nearest neighbor hopping mechanism is operative. Scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy reveal that Se is sputtered preferentially, and extended percolating networks of edge states form within WSe$_2$ at a critical dose of 1x10$^{16} He^+/cm^2$. First-principles calculations confirm the semiconductor-to-metallic transition of WSe$_2$ after pore and edge defects were introduced by He$^+$ irradiation. The hopping conduction was utilized to direct-write resistor loaded logic circuits in WSe$_2$ and WS$_2$ with a voltage gain of greater than 5. Edge contacted thin film transistors were also fabricated with a high on/off ratio (> 10$^6$), demonstrating potential for the formation of atomically thin circuits.
description: 6 figures
Capillary surfaces arising in singular perturbation problems
Creators: name: Karakhanyan, Aram L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove Bernstein type theorems for a class of stationary points of the Alt-Caffarelli functional in $\mathbb R^2$ and $\mathbb R^3$.
Strongly-Typed Agents are Guaranteed to Interact Safely
Creators: name: Balduzzi, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As artificial agents proliferate, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure that their interactions with one another are well-behaved. In this paper, we formalize a common-sense notion of when algorithms are well-behaved: an algorithm is safe if it does no harm. Motivated by recent progress in deep learning, we focus on the specific case where agents update their actions according to gradient descent. The paper shows that that gradient descent converges to a Nash equilibrium in safe games. The main contribution is to define strongly-typed agents and show they are guaranteed to interact safely, thereby providing sufficient conditions to guarantee safe interactions. A series of examples show that strong-typing generalizes certain key features of convexity, is closely related to blind source separation, and introduces a new perspective on classical multilinear games based on tensor decomposition.
description: ICML 2017, final version
Derivations and Spectral Triples on Quantum Domains I: Quantum Disk
Creators: name: Klimek, Slawomir
name: McBride, Matt
name: Rathnayake, Sumedha
name: Sakai, Kaoru
name: Wang, Honglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study unbounded invariant and covariant derivations on the quantum disk. In particular we answer the question whether such derivations come from operators with compact parametrices and thus can be used to define spectral triples.
Reading in Web-based hypertexts: cognitive processes strategies and reading goals
Creators: name: Protopsaltis, Aristidis
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2006

description: Hypertext is a multi-linear electronic, textual and interactive environment to present information. The objective of such an environment is that readers may browse through linked, cross-referenced, annotated texts in a multi-sequential manner, and thus, it is believed, to improve the learning. However, early and current research findings have revealed some mixed results concerning the alleged advantage of hypertext on learning over paper-based documents. Researchers have identified the lack of research about the cognitive processes and the strategies that readers use during reading as one of the main factors for such results. As a result, there is a need and scope for further research in modelling the cognitive processes involved in reading comprehension and the reading strategies in a hypertext environment. This research addresses some of the gaps in the field by proposing a model that represents the sequence of events that take place during reading in a Web-based hypertext environment. Also, emphasis is placed on the strategies that readers use during hypertext reading and on the potential effect of different reading goals on reading comprehension. The evaluation of the model and the other hypotheses is conducted in two experiments using qualitative and quantitative methods. The first experiment employs the think aloud method. Forty two subjects participated. The results demonstrated that the proposed model precisely describes the sequence of events that take place during hypertext reading. They did not reveal any significant difference between different reading goals and understanding. They revealed four reading strategies: serial, serial overview, mixed, and mixed overview, and they identified three factors that influence the selection of hyperlinks: coherence, link location, and personal interest. The second experiment is an independent samples design experiment with ninety subjects. The results confirmed those found in the first experiment. The current study makes a contribution in the field of hypertext reading by proposing and evaluating a procedural model and by making this model graphic. By doing so it addresses some of the voids in the field, expands our understanding of the reading processes and the reading strategies, and provides practical guidelines which are enhanced to promote design supporting effective learning processes.
Minimax Rényi Redundancy
Creators: name: Yagli, Semih
name: Altuğ, Yücel
name: Verdú, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The redundancy for universal lossless compression of discrete memoryless sources in Campbell's setting is characterized as a minimax Rényi divergence, which is shown to be equal to the maximal $α$-mutual information via a generalized redundancy-capacity theorem. Special attention is placed on the analysis of the asymptotics of minimax Rényi divergence, which is determined up to a term vanishing in blocklength.
description: Double-column, 19 pages, submitted for publication to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. Disclaimer: the published version may have slight variations. Part of this work appeared in ISIT '17
Uniqueness in inverse acoustic scattering with unbounded gradient across Lipschitz surfaces
Creators: name: Mantile, Andrea
name: Posilicano, Andrea
name: Sini, Mourad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81U40, 35J10, 47A40

description: We prove uniqueness in inverse acoustic scattering in the case the density of the medium has an unbounded gradient across $Σ\subseteqΓ=\partialΩ$, where $Ω$ is a bounded open subset of $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ with a Lipschitz boundary. This follows from a uniqueness result in inverse scattering for Schrödinger operators with singular $δ$-type potential supported on the surface $Γ$ and of strength $α\in L^{p}(Γ)$, $p>2$.
description: Final version, to appear in Journal of Differential Equations
Additional file 1 of Retrospective analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound for pulmonary embolism in patients with and without pleuritic chest pain
Creators: name: Nazerian, Peiman
name: Gigli, Chiara
name: Reissig, Angelika
name: Pivetta, Emanuele
name: Vanni, Simone
name: Fraccalini, Thomas
name: Ferraris, Giordana
name: Ricciardolo, Alessandra
name: Grifoni, Stefano
name: Volpicelli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file1: Table S1. Characteristics of source studies. Table S2. Risk of bias of individual studies.
Maximum a posteriori estimation through simulated annealing for binary asteroid orbit determination
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Irina D.
name: Stoica, Radu S.
name: Emelyanov, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers a new method for the binary asteroid orbit determination problem. The method is based on the Bayesian approach with a global optimisation algorithm. The orbital parameters to be determined are modelled through an a posteriori distribution made of a priori and likelihood terms. The first term constrains the parameters space and it allows the introduction of available knowledge about the orbit. The second term is based on given observations and it allows us to use and compare different observational error models. Once the a posteriori model is built, the estimator of the orbital parameters is computed using a global optimisation procedure: the simulated annealing algorithm. The maximum a posteriori (MAP) techniques are verified using simulated and real data. The obtained results validate the proposed method. The new approach guarantees independence of the initial parameters estimation and theoretical convergence towards the global optimisation solution. It is particularly useful in these situations, whenever a good initial orbit estimation is difficult to get, whenever observations are not well-sampled, and whenever the statistical behaviour of the observational errors cannot be stated Gaussian like.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
A Relaxed Optimization Approach for Adversarial Attacks against Neural Machine Translation Models
Creators: name: Sadrizadeh, Sahar
name: Barbier, Clément
name: Dolamic, Ljiljana
name: Frossard, Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: adversarial attacks
natural language processing
neural machine translation
optimization

description: This upload contains the language models utilized in the paper "A Relaxed Optimization Approach for Adversarial Attacks against
 Neural Machine Translation Models". In this paper, we propose an adversarial attack against NMT models. These language models, are trained with the tokenizer of the target NMT models discussed in the paper. For further details on the implementation and usage of our attack, please refer to the official GitHub repository.
Pressure-induced melting of magnetic order and emergence of new quantum state in alpha-RuCl3
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Guo, Jing
name: Tafti, F. F.
name: Hegg, Anthony
name: Sen, Sudeshna
name: Sidorov, Vladimir A
name: Wang, Le
name: Cai, Shu
name: Yi, Wei
name: Zhou, Yazhou
name: Wang, Honghong
name: Zhang, Shan
name: Yang, Ke
name: Li, Aiguo
name: Li, Xiaodong
name: Li, Yanchun
name: Liu, Jing
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Ku, Wei
name: Wu, Qi
name: Cava, Robert J
name: Sun, Liling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the observation of pressure-induced melting of antiferromagnetic (AFM) order and emergence of a new quantum state in the honeycomb-lattice halide alpha-RuCl3, a candidate compound in the proximity of quantum spin liquid state. Our high-pressure heat capacity measurements demonstrate that the AFM order smoothly melts away at a critical pressure (Pc) of 0.7 GPa. Intriguingly, the AFM transition temperature displays an increase upon applying pressure below the Pc, in stark contrast to usual phase diagrams, for example in pressurized parent compounds of unconventional superconductors. Furthermore, in the high-pressure phase an unusual steady of magnetoresistance is observed. These observations suggest that the high-pressure phase is in an exotic gapped quantum state which is robust against pressure up to ~140 GPa.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Local Fractional Derivatives of Differentiable Functions are Integer-order Derivatives or Zero
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33

description: In this paper we prove that local fractional derivatives of differentiable functions are integer-order derivative or zero operator. We demonstrate that the local fractional derivatives are limits of the left-sided Caputo fractional derivatives. The Caputo derivative of fractional order alpha of function f(x) is defined as a fractional integration of order (n-alpha) of the derivative f^(n)(x) of integer order n. The requirement of the existence of integer-order derivatives allows us to conclude that the local fractional derivative cannot be considered as the best method to describe nowhere differentiable functions and fractal objects. We also prove that unviolated Leibniz rule cannot hold for derivatives of orders alpha, which are not equal to one.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages
Lie-Hamilton systems on curved spaces: A geometrical approach
Creators: name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: de Lucas, Javier
name: Tobolski, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A26 (primary), 17B66, 70G45, 34A34 (secondary)

description: A Lie-Hamilton system is a nonautonomous system of first-order ordinary differential equations describing the integral curves of a $t$-dependent vector field taking values in a finite-dimensional Lie algebra, a Vessiot-Guldberg Lie algebra, of Hamiltonian vector fields relative to a Poisson structure. Its general solution can be written as an autonomous function, the superposition rule, of a generic finite family of particular solutions and a set of constants. We pioneer the study of Lie-Hamilton systems on Riemannian spaces (sphere, Euclidean and hyperbolic plane), pseudo-Riemannian spaces (anti-de Sitter, de Sitter, and Minkowski spacetimes) as well as on semi-Riemannian spaces (Newtonian spacetimes). Their corresponding constants of motion and superposition rules are obtained explicitly in a geometric way. This work extends the (graded) contraction of Lie algebras to a contraction procedure for Lie algebras of vector fields, Hamiltonian functions, and related symplectic structures, invariants, and superposition rules.
description: 20 pages. Some misprints corrected. Some comments added
Additional file 4 of Implementation of online video consultations in a regional health network: a management feasibility analysis from an orthopedic perspective
Creators: name: Back, DA
name: Estel, K
name: Pförringer, D
name: Tsitsilonis, S
name: Bachner, J
name: Willy, C
name: Becker, HP
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Supplement 4: Analysis of the existing online video consultation project according to the 7 factors with the central questions in process management formulated by Stöger.
Experimental triple-slit interference in a strongly-driven V-type artificial atom
Creators: name: Dada, Adetunmise C.
name: Santana, Ted S.
name: Koutroumanis, Antonios
name: Ma, Yong
name: Park, Suk-In
name: Song, Jin D.
name: Gerardot, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rabi oscillations of a two-level atom appear as a quantum interference effect between the amplitudes associated to atomic superpositions, in analogy with the classic double-slit experiment which manifests a sinusoidal interference pattern. By extension, through direct detection of time-resolved resonance fluorescence from a quantum-dot neutral exciton driven in the Rabi regime, we experimentally demonstrate triple-slit-type quantum interference via quantum erasure in a V-type three-level artificial atom. This result is of fundamental interest in the experimental studies of the properties of V-type 3-level systems and may pave the way for further insight into their coherence properties as well as applications for quantum information schemes. It also suggests quantum dots as candidates for multi-path-interference experiments for probing foundational concepts in quantum physics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted version