cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parameter estimation for inspiraling eccentric compact binaries including pericenter precession
Creators: name: Mikóczi, Balázs
name: Kocsis, Bence
name: Forgács, Péter
name: Vasúth, Mátyás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspiraling supermassive black hole binary systems with high orbital eccentricity are important sources for space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatories like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Eccentricity adds orbital harmonics to the Fourier transform of the GW signal and relativistic pericenter precession leads to a three-way splitting of each harmonic peak. We study the parameter estimation accuracy for such waveforms with different initial eccentricity using the Fisher matrix method and a Monte Carlo sampling of the initial binary orientation. The eccentricity improves the parameter estimation by breaking degeneracies between different parameters. In particular, we find that the source localization precision improves significantly for higher-mass binaries due to eccentricity. The typical sky position errors are $\sim1 $deg for a nonspinning, $10^7\,M_{\odot}$ equal-mass binary at redshift $z=1$, if the initial eccentricity 1 yr before merger is $e_0\sim 0.6$. Pericenter precession does not affect the source localization accuracy significantly, but it does further improve the mass and eccentricity estimation accuracy systematically by a factor of 3--10 for masses between $10^6$ and $10^7\,M_{\odot}$ for $e_0 \sim 0.3$.
description: 14 two-column pages, 12 figures, expanded version; contains the proof corrections
Additional file 9 of Glycemic control and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated using glyburide, metformin, or insulin: a pairwise and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Dan-Qing
name: Xu, Guan-Xin
name: Teng, Xin-Yuan
name: Xu, Jing-Wei
name: Tang, Liang-Fang
name: Feng, Chun
name: Rao, Jin-Peng
name: Jin, Min
name: Wang, Li-Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 9: Supplementary Fig. 8. Pairwise meta-analysis of HbA1c.
Tipula (Vestiplex) coxitalis Alexander 1935
Creators: name: Men, Qiulei
name: Lu, Zhiyong
name: Sheng, Pingping
name: Gui, Xiang
name: Wang, Zhizhong
name: Mu, Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Tipula
Tipula coxitalis

description: Tipula (Vestiplex) coxitalis Alexander, 1935 Tipula (Oreomyza) coxitalis Alexander, 1935a: 523. Tipula (Vestiplex) coxitalis Alexander: Men, 2015b: 801. Material examined. 1♂, Anhui, Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, Yaoluoping Village (30°59'N, 116°04'E), 24 August 2016, coll. Qiulei Men. Distribution. China (Anhui, Taiwan).
description: Published as part of Men, Qiulei, Lu, Zhiyong, Sheng, Pingping, Gui, Xiang, Wang, Zhizhong & Mu, Dan, 2017, Taxonomy on crane flies in family Tipulidae and Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea) from Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, Anhui, China, pp. 476-489 in Zoological Systematics 42 (4) on page 486, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201720, http://zenodo.org/record/5366761
description: {"references": ["Alexander, C. P. 1935 a. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXIV. Philippine Journal of Science, 56: 525 - 562.", "Men, Q. L. 2015 b. Report on crane flies of the genus Tipula (Diptera: Tipulidae: Tipulinae) from Anhui, China. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 55 (2): 797 - 810."]}
Who am I? The Experience of Identity Change in Young Chinese Independent Migrants Living in Canada
Creators: name: Chan Kent, Alysha Shay
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: parachute kids
subject: independent migrants
subject: unaccompanied minors
subject: identity development
subject: Educational Psychology

description: Migration trends over the past two decades have revealed a unique group of Asian international students who have left home to continue their education in the North American K-12 school systems. Within the literature, these students are referred to as parachute kids, independent migrants, or unaccompanied minors, denoting those sent to live and study abroad without their parents. This experience can have deep and long-lasting impacts. Not only do parachute kids experience a unique array of challenges, including psychological, relational, academic, and cross-cultural adjustment difficulties, but also they must navigate these without the presence of their parents. Although studies have explored the adjustment challenges faced by parachute kids, little research has been conducted on the long-term impacts of this experience, particularly as it relates to identity development. As such, the goal of this study was to explore Chinese unaccompanied minors’ experience of independently migrating to and growing up in Canada, with the primary aim of examining how they understand their changing sense of identity. My research question guiding this inquiry was “How do former Chinese independent migrants understand their changing sense of identity within the context of migrating to Canada as unaccompanied minors?” I adopted the qualitative methodology, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), to guide this multi-perspectival study. I recruited 11 participants (21–27 years old, five female and six male) who identified as having been parachute kids in Canada. I conducted individual audio-taped, in-depth, semi-structured interviews, in which I asked each participant about their experiences of independent migration, particularly as they related to their view of self. Following the steps of IPA, I analyzed the interviews, leading to the generation of themes that represented the ways in which participants understood their experience. The study findings included four Group Experiential Themes: (a) Living in an Alien World, (b) Impact on Relationships, (c) Identity Development and Change, and (d) Advice to Future Independent Migrants. I examine these findings within the context of relevant literature, outline the study’s strengths and limitations, and discuss their implications for future research, theory, and practice.
Performanzabschätzung von parallelen Programmen durch symbolische Ausführung
Creators: name: Estelmann, Janis
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: Pfad Explosion
Erweiterung der Funktionalität von KLEE

description: Die Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit aktueller Prozessgenerationen wird durch das Hinzufügen von zusätzlichen Rechenkernen erreicht. Durch die hieraus gegebene Möglichkeit der nebenläufigen Ausführung von unabhängigen Teilstücken einer Anwendung kann die Ausführungszeit signifikant verringert werden. Damit eine Anwendung von Parallelisierung profitieren kann, müssen hierfür passende Stellen im Quellcode vom Entwickler erkannt und parallelisiert werden. 
Durch eine Bestimmung von Ausführungskosten können teure Pfade erkannt und analysiert werden. Da sich die Laufzeiten einer Anwendung durch unterschiedliche Eingabeparameter ändern, müssen diese entsprechend gewählt werden. Um passende Eingaben zu  erzeugen, kann das Prinzip der symbolischen Ausführung verwendet werden. Hierbei wird der Kontrollfluss analysiert und die Variablenbelegung so angepasst, dass eine hohe Abdeckung ermöglicht wird. Ein großes Problem der symbolischen Ausführung stellt die Pfad-Explosion dar. Die fortschreitende Teilung von Pfaden an Verzweigungspunkten führt zu einem exponentiellen Wachstum der Anzahl an Pfaden. Ab einem bestimmten Punkt kann deren Anzahl zu groß werden, als dass sie die Testanwendung sinnvoll verwalten könnte. 

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Entwickler dabei zu unterstützen, in einer bereits vorhandenen Anwendung Schleifen mit Parallelisierungspotential im Quellcode zu finden. Hierzu soll das auf der Compiler-Infrastruktur LLVM aufbauende Test-Programm KLEE erweitert werden. Die primäre Aufgabe von KLEE ist es, durch symbolische Ausführung Ausführungspfade durch Anwendungen zu bestimmen und deren Wege auf vorgegebene Fehlerfälle zu untersuchen. 

Mit Hilfe der symbolischen Ausführung sollen Variablenbelegungen bestimmt werden, die zu hohen Ausführungskosten bei einem Pfad führen. Durch die Analyse der Pfade auf Hot-Spots, also Bereiche, die besonders hohe Kosten verursachen, wird es einem Entwickler ermöglicht, gezielt diese auf ihr Parallelisierungspotential zu untersuchen. 

Um dem Problem der Pfad EXplosion entgegen zu wirken, muss die Implementierung sinnvoll zwischen den Ausführungspfaden wählen können. Es sollen nur die Pfade weiter analysiert werden, bei denen absehbar ist, dass sie zu interessanten Problemstellen führen.
Supplementary Methods from Millennial processes of population decline, range contraction and near extinction of the European bison
Creators: name: Pilowsky, July A.
name: Brown, Stuart C.
name: Llamas, Bastien
name: van Loenen, Ayla L.
name: Kowalczyk, Rafał
name: Hofman-Kamińska, Emilia
name: Manaseryan, Ninna H.
name: Rusu, Viorelia
name: Križnar, Matija
name: Rahbek, Carsten
name: Fordham, Damien A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: An extended version of the Methods with more detail on environmental data, demographic data, pattern-oriented modeling, and model structure.
Assessment of a school-based intervention for elementary school students diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
Creators: name: Clark, Erica Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In response to limited interventions for children and youth diagnosed with FASD and no evidence-based resources for elementary school teachers, we aimed to measure the effectiveness and fidelity of a year long professional development program for elementary school teachers teaching students diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The British Columbia Ministry of Education Provincial Outreach Program for FASD (POPFASD) developed a professional development program intended to assist teachers to integrate students with FASD in the classroom. The intervention, which is based on the Neurobehavioral Approach, focuses on changing teachers’ practice to create environmental, instructional, and curricular accommodations to support the unique needs of a student affected by FASD. A mixed-method research design using inductive thematic analysis and quasi-experimental methods was used in select schools in a northern British Columbian school district to examine the intervention. For the inductive thematic analysis, semi-structured interviews were done with principals, teachers, and caregivers of students with FASD. For the quasi-experimental component, teachers and students with and without FASD were assigned to an intervention or comparison group. Intervention and comparison groups were matched for teachers’ years of experience and the age, gender, ethnicity, and disruptive classroom behaviour of students with FASD. Outcome measures included classroom behaviour and academic achievement of students with FASD and academic achievement of students without FASD. Themes derived from inductive analysis described how teachers participating in the professional development program changed their perceptions of and responses to students’ behaviour. Principals and teachers in the intervention group also described implementation of the professional development program and the impact it had on teachers and the rest of the school. Caregivers in both experimental groups discussed the importance of communication for consistent implementation of accommodations and changes they felt would improve the professional development program. A statistically significant improvement in students’ classroom behaviour was observed when their teachers participated in the professional development program. The results provide support for the professional development program as an effective professional development program for elementary school teachers teaching students diagnosed with FASD; however, the sample size is too small to draw any definitive conclusions.
Galula in the Bush: A Case Study of Counterinsurgency Theory Using the Insurgent Conflicts in Postcolonial Uganda, 1981-2006
Creators: name: Kingston, Fenner William Patrick
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History--African
subject: History--Military

description: This thesis uses primary and secondary sources to analyse the applicability of David Galula’s counterinsurgency theories as described in his 1964 work Contre-insurrection: théorie et pratique to three cases from the insurgent conflicts in postcolonial Uganda from 1981 to 2006. These conflicts include the National Resistance Army (NRA) in the Luwero Triangle from 1981 to 1986, the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency in northern Uganda and southern Sudan from the group’s founding in 1987 to its formal departure from Uganda in 2006, and the West Nile Bank Front (WNBF) and United National Rescue Front (UNRF I&II) insurgencies in West Nile district between 1986 and 2002. These three cases offer examples of localised insurgent conflicts fought between national armed forces and regionally or ethnically motivated insurgent groups. This provides substantial evidence that Galula’s theories apply in contexts other than the international, expeditionary and/or colonial counterinsurgent campaigns to which his theories have previously been applied. It concludes that Galula’s theories offer both civilian and military leaders a model for counterinsurgency operations that they can readily apply. Galula’s theory stands up when scrutinised in the context of thirty years of conflict in which ethnic, regional, geographic, and religious factors affected the insurgencies, thereby showing its applicability across a wide range of potential insurgencies.
Braiding Western Science and Blackfoot Worldviews: An Investigation into Manifestations of Food Stress from 1790-1890
Creators: name: Lazette, Larissa Denice
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Food stress
subject: Protocontact Period
subject: Contact Period
subject: Blackfoot people
subject: Ethnographies
subject: Blackfoot winter count
subject: Bison
subject: Southern Alberta
subject: Plains
subject: Faunal analysis
subject: Archaeology

description: During the Protocontact (1730-1830) and Contact (1830-Present) Periods, the traditional diets of Indigenous peoples on the Plains were greatly altered. Bison populations began to decline sharply during this time, as a result of over exploitation by the commercial hide trade. By the late 19th century, the bison populations were in sharp decline, and Indigenous peoples on the Plains were relocated onto newly established reserves where they were forced to rely on government administered rations. Both factors greatly impacted food availability for Indigenous peoples. This research examines manifestations of food stress among the Blackfoot people using multiple lines of evidence. These lines of evidence include archaeological faunal assemblages from two stone circles at the Antelope Hill Tipi Ring Site (EbPi-75), ethnographic accounts, Blackfoot winter counts, and Blackfoot oral traditions. The goal of this research is to combine Western scientific approaches in the form of archaeological analyses and the examination of ethnographic and ethnohistoric documents with Blackfoot oral traditions. This results in a more holistic understanding of the changes occurring to traditional diets during the Protocontact and Contact Periods. The assemblage in Stone Circle 1 and 4 is highly fragmented. Explanations for this and other patterns in the assemblage include grease rendering activities, meat butchering and marrow extraction or tipi cleaning behaviours, all of which may have been occurring simultaneously. Ultimately, it was found that evidence of food stress is limited in Stone Circle 1 and 4 and in Blackfoot oral traditions, while the ethnographic and historic accounts contain strong evidence for food stress, demonstrating a difference in perspective from the ethnographer to the perspective in Blackfoot oral tradition.
A high-speed tunable beam splitter for feed-forward photonic quantum information processing
Creators: name: Ma, Xiao-song
name: Zotter, Stefan
name: Tetik, Nuray
name: Qarry, Angie
name: Jennewein, Thomas
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realize quantum gates for path qubits with a high-speed, polarization-independent and tunable beam splitter. Two electro-optical modulators act in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as high-speed phase shifters and rapidly tune its splitting ratio. We test its performance with heralded single photons, observing a polarization-independent interference contrast above 95%. The switching time is about 5.6 ns, and a maximal repetition rate is 2.5 MHz. We demonstrate tunable feed-forward operations of a single-qubit gate of path-encoded qubits and a two-qubit gate via measurement-induced interaction between two photons.
Adaptive Model Aggregation for Decentralized Federated Learning in Vehicular Networks
Creators: name: Movahedian Attar, Mahtab
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Federated Learning
subject: Vehicular Networks
subject: Adaptive Learning
subject: Computer Science

description: In vehicular networks, Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) has emerged as a cutting-edge methodology for the collaborative development of machine learning models, offering a unique balance between collaborative learning and individual data privacy. This approach is particularly apt in scenarios where vehicles, equipped with their own data and computation capabilities, work together to build a comprehensive and shared global model. Each vehicle contributes to this goal by training local models and merging them through model aggregation with data from nearby vehicles. A notable challenge in this context arises from vehicular networks' characteristics - primarily, their high mobility and the often unreliable nature of wireless communications. These factors frequently result in vehicles receiving only fragments of models from their peers, presenting a complex challenge: how to effectively leverage these incomplete models to accelerate the overall training process while simultaneously managing to keep the computational and communication overhead to a minimum. This thesis introduces the Adaptive Model Aggregation (AMA) algorithm to meet this challenge. AMA functions asynchronously within each vehicle and utilizes a threshold-based mechanism to decide whether to include the partially received models in the aggregation process. Given the variable nature of vehicular networks, it becomes evident that a fixed threshold is insufficient. Consequently, this thesis innovates an algorithm inspired by Contextual Multi-Arm Bandit (CMAB) theory, adapting the threshold for each vehicle based on the current communication dynamics of the network. The efficacy of AMA is tested through a series of comprehensive evaluations conducted within simulated environments, which account for various vehicular mobility patterns. These evaluations provide robust evidence that AMA substantially reduces the overhead associated with DFL aggregation - by as much as 83% - compared to traditional, non-adaptive aggregation methods, without adversely affecting the accuracy of the training process.
Additional file 1 of Anti-inflammatory effects of recreational marijuana in virally suppressed youth with HIV-1 are reversed by use of tobacco products in combination with marijuana
Creators: name: Yin, Li
name: Dinasarapu, Ashok R.
name: Borkar, Samiksha A.
name: Chang, Kai-Fen
name: De Paris, Kristina
name: Kim-Chang, Julie J.
name: Sleasman, John W.
name: Goodenow, Maureen M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional Figures S1 and S2.
Characterization of the Interaction Between Artemis and the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) Complex in Human Cells
Creators: name: Cobban, Alexander
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artemis
subject: DCLRE1C
subject: MRN Complex
subject: Interaction
subject: Human Cells
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Oncology
subject: Biology

description: In mammalian cells, most ionizing radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired by one of two main pathways: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination repair (HR). Alternatively, repair can occur by one of several alternative end joining pathways. How DSB repair is coordinated between these multiple pathways is poorly understood. In NHEJ, DSBs are detected by the Ku70/80 protein which recruits DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), X-Ray Complementation Gene 4 [XRCC4]-like factor (XLF), and the XRCC4-DNA ligase IV complex. In addition, DNA-PKcs and Ligase IV interact with Artemis, a DNA nuclease, also known as DNA Cross-Link Repair Enzyme 1C (DCLRE1C), and Sensitive to Nitrogen Mustard gene 1C (SNM1C). Artemis is required for opening DNA hairpins in Variability (Diversity) Joining [V(D)J] Recombination and is required for repair of a subset of ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage but its roles are still poorly understood. HR and the alternative repair pathways are initiated when the MRN complex, composed of MRE11, RAD50 and NBS1, binds to the DSB. Here, I show that Artemis interacts with DNA-PKcs, XRCC4, DNA ligase IV of NHEJ as well as MRE11, RAD50 and NBS1 of the MRN complex in both unirradiated and irradiated human cells. I have mapped the interaction to a conserved region between residues 525-555 in the C-terminal tail of Artemis and have shown that serines 538 and 553 partially facilitate the interaction. I also show that the N-terminal 350 amino acids of NBS1 are required for the interaction of MRN with Artemis. My work sets the stage for future studies to determine the biological significance of these interactions.
Supplementary Material for "Exact calculation of end-of-outbreak probabilities using contact tracing data"
Creators: name: Bradbury, N. V.
name: Hart, W. S.
name: Lovell-Read, F. A
name: Polonsky, J. A.
name: Thompson, R. N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: Supplementary Text and Supplementary Figures
The Influence of Physical Activity on Bone Strength in Children and Adolescents
Creators: name: Alexander, Christina Jewel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: accelerometers
subject: HR-pQCT
subject: bone loading metrics
subject: physical activity
subject: children and adolescents
subject: mechanical stimuli
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Bone adapts to its loading environment throughout the lifespan, with peak bone mass accrual occurring during childhood and adolescence. Therefore, understanding how physical activity (PA) impacts bone during childhood and adolescence is especially important. Accelerometers are commonly used to measure PA and examine its associations with bone outcomes. In this thesis, I investigated whether using new accelerometry metrics to synthesize count-based accelerometry PA data would help uncover associations between specific parameters of PA and bone strength. First, I compared PA measured by older (count-based) and newer accelerometers (raw accelerations), to determine whether they were comparable. I discovered that count-based data is not directly comparable between the two accelerometers; however, minutes per day in different intensities of activity (e.g., sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous) are comparable (mean bias <5 min/d at all intensities). I then compared count-based (older format) and raw accelerations (newer format) and found that although a conversion from count-based to raw accelerations is not possible, a metric initially designed for use with raw accelerations (the intensity gradient (IG)) can be reproduced with count data (mean bias = -0.15; 95% LOA [-0.65, 0.34]). Second, using four years of longitudinal data from over 300 children and adolescents, I examined whether IG and a daily impact score (DIS) were more strongly associated with bone strength than a metric traditionally used to examine these associations, minutes per day spent in vigorous physical activity (VPA). These metrics differ in that both the IG and DIS use the full spectrum of accelerometry data, whereas VPA does not. Furthermore, the DIS weights the intensity of the accelerations more heavily than the number. Using linear mixed effects models, I determined that the DIS was positively associated with bone strength independent of VPA (β_DIS = 25.2 (7.0, 43.6), p <0.05; β_VPA = 3.2 (-6.1, 1.4), p = 0.67), indicating that short, high-intensity physical activity is best for bone strength accrual in children and adolescents. These findings should be used to inform physical activity guidelines with the aim of improving bone strength in children and adolescents.
Synthetic Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Applications
Creators: name: Abdalla, Amr Abdalla Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: chemical looping combustion
subject: chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling
subject: chemical air separation
subject: synthetic oxygen carriers
subject: mixed oxygen carriers
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: Chemical looping combustion and/or chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling are promising combustion technologies that utilize oxygen carriers to burn fuels, producing a flue gas stream primarily composed of CO2 and steam. However, commercializing these processes faces a significant obstacle requiring the development of appropriate oxygen carriers with specific properties. Another emerging energy-efficient approach for oxygen generation is Chemical looping air separation, providing an alternative to energy-intensive oxygen production technologies. Yet, further research is required to optimize and scale up this relatively new technology. Therefore, this thesis aims to investigate synthetic materials and develop mixed oxygen carriers with enhanced properties for chemical looping combustion and chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling. Additionally, it targets to comprehensively study a benchmark material for chemical looping air separation, outlining the optimized process conditions. In this work, tungsten oxide was employed to modify Ni-based carriers through impregnation and coprecipitation methods. Impregnated materials exhibited lower carbon formation and greater stability. Therefore, impregnation procedure was utilized to optimize metal loadings, resulting in improved oxygen capacity and elimination of carbon formation. Specifically, the sample composed of 60 wt.% NiO, 25wt.% WO3 balanced ZrO2 achieved an oxygen capacity of 15.6% without carbon formation. Moreover, CuO-WO3/ZrO2 carriers were prepared through coimpregnation and sequential impregnation techniques and tested for chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling. The WO3 modification enhanced the transport capacity due to the formation of different Cu-W intermediate phases in both samples. However, the coimpregnated carrier released higher oxygen amounts. Furthermore, a Cu-based oxygen carrier for chemical looping air separation was investigated through thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling, and fluidized bed simulation. The study indicated that operating the reactors under a bubbling fluidization regime and the reducer at 1000 °C and the oxidizer at 800 °C yielded the highest oxygen flowrate. Overall, this thesis contributes to the advancement of chemical looping technologies by developing novel oxygen carriers and optimizing process conditions for chemical looping air separation. The findings presented here pave the way for the future commercialization and implementation of these promising technologies, offering energy-efficient solutions for oxygen production and reducing carbon emissions.
Knowledge and Grounding: The syntax of discourse particles in Swiss German
Creators: name: Shapkin, Shayne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Syntax
subject: Swiss German
subject: Discourse Particles
subject: Interactional Language
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This thesis examines the properties and distributions of three Swiss German grounding particles – gäll, weisch and oder – as part of an exploration of two longstanding questions about the syntactic structure of interactional content. First, how, and in what order, does the syntax represent addressee- and speaker-oriented functional categories? Second, what kind of relationship does the syntactic layer that represents interactional content have with the layer that represents propositional content? In answer to the first question, I argue based on the Swiss German facts that the addressee-oriented functional category has a higher structural position than the speaker-oriented functional category. I also demonstrate that Swiss German grounding particles serve to encode interlocutors’ knowledge/ignorance of the truth of propositions. In answer to the second question, I show a) that the speaker-oriented functional category selects the clause type of the propositional structure, and b) that Swiss German relies on the content of the specifier of the highest propositional category (i.e., Spec, ForceP) to determine which propositional constituents are eligible for movement into the interactional layer. In this way, Swiss German Spec, ForceP serves as a gateway between the discourse-sensitive interactional layer and the content of the propositional structure.
Learning the Sounds of Silence: Adult acquisition of Kaqchikel (Mayan) plain and glottalized stop consonants
Creators: name: Nelson, Brett Caswell
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: phonology
subject: third language acquisition
subject: laryngeals
subject: Kaqchikel language
subject: Spanish language
subject: English language
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Education--Language and Literature
subject: Native American Studies

description: This thesis explores the third language acquisition of Kaqchikel, a Mayan language Indigenous to what is now called Guatemala, by analyzing the perception of the language’s stop consonants by multilingual Spanish-English learners of Kaqchikel. Spanish, as a voicing language, contrasts voiced stops from voiceless stops. English, as an aspirating language, contrasts aspirated stops from unaspirated stops. Kaqchikel, meanwhile, presents these learners with yet a third Laryngeal contrast, between glottalized stops and plain stops. Additionally, while both Spanish and English contrast three places of articulation among their stops, Kaqchikel contrasts four places. I analyze the differences and similarities among these languages’ phonologies by assuming a Feature Geometry framework. With this background, I investigate whether L1 Spanish, L2 English learners of L3 Kaqchikel differ from L1 English, L2 Spanish learners of L3 Kaqchikel in their perception of the stop consonants of their target language. The results of a stop discrimination task indicate minimal differences between the two learner groups. However, on a categorization task, more substantial differences between the two learner groups emerge. While L1 English learners are able to accurately categorize each of the eight Kaqchikel stop phonemes of Kaqchikel into their respective phonemic categories, including the novel glottalized and uvular stops, L1 Spanish learners are significantly less accurate in categorizing Kaqchikel stops. Their poor performance on this task is driven by their roughly chance performance in categorizing uvular stops; they perform much better with other Places. The two learner Groups, against predictions, do not differ based on the stimulus stop’s Laryngeal feature. To explain these surprising results, I propose that both groups are able to redeploy knowledge of underlying Laryngeal dimensions in order to provide an adequate structure for the novel glottalized stops of Kaqchikel. For the novel uvular stops, however, only the L1 English learners are able to redeploy knowledge of the Tongue Root dimension, while L1 Spanish learners maintain underlying structures that fail to distinguish between velar and uvular stops in Kaqchikel. This explanation integrates several different phonological analyses to account for predictions made by phonetic-based models of assimilation in second and third language acquisition.
Locating En-Route Charging Stations and Time Points for a Transit Route with Battery- Electric Buses
Creators: name: Esmaeilnejad, Seyedshahab
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Charging Stations
subject: Time Points
subject: Battery- Electric Buses
subject: Sociology--Transportation

description: While the acknowledged environmental benefits of battery-electric buses (BEBs) are widely recognized, their distinct differences from diesel buses necessitate adjustments in both route planning (including charging station placement) and operations (comprising schedule management and holding control). Overall, life cycle emissions of BEBs tend to be lower than those of diesel buses. However, the actual environmental impact depends on various factors, including the energy source for electricity generation, battery manufacturing practices, and disposal/recycling methods. Transitioning to electric buses, particularly in regions with a clean energy grid, holds significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. The strategic placement of charging stations, their number, duration of charging, and station types all factor into the comprehensive planning process. These stations can be strategically situated at depots, termini, or even along the route. This study addresses the long-term planning and optimization challenge of revising formulations for dispatch policy, determining optimal en-route charging station locations and corresponding charging durations, and determining the location of the holding point and their slack time. This optimization endeavor aims to enhance passengers' waiting time, operational efficiency, and capital costs, all while mitigating the inherent variability arising from weather- induced ridership fluctuations and battery performance uncertainties intrinsic to BEBs while improving the reliability of the transit service. Two linear deterministic optimization models and a two-stage stochastic programming (SP) optimization process are developed to pursue these goals. These approaches facilitate the strategic placement of BEB charging stations along the route and calculate their associated charging times in addition to the placement of the time points. The application of these models encompasses both one-way and two-way operations. The practicality and efficacy of these methodologies are tested on two high-demand bus routes within Calgary's transit network. Additionally, the study evaluates the potential implications of charging station malfunctions, mainly focusing on scenarios where the maximum charging time is exceeded and its subsequent impact on operational schedules and BEB operation costs. Furthermore, the study explores the solution yielded by the stochastic model, using the expected value of perfect information as an evaluative metric.
Measurement of the WZ production cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents a measurement of WZ production in 1.02 fb^-1 of pp collision data at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2011. Doubly leptonic decay events are selected with electrons, muons and missing transverse momentum in the final state. In total 71 candidates are observed, with a background expectation of 12.1 +/- 1.4(stat.) +4.1/-2.0(syst) events. The total cross section for WZ production for Z gamma^* masses within the range 66 GeV to 116 GeV is determined to be sigma_WZ^tot = 20.5 +3.1/-2.8(stat.) +1.4/-1.3(syst.) +0.9/-0.8(lumi.)pb, which is consistent with the Standard Model expectation of 17.3 +1.3/-0.8 pb. Limits on anomalous triple gauge boson couplings are extracted.
description: 6 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 3 figures, 3 tables, matches published version in Physics Letters B
The Role of Intestinal Tuft Cells in the Murine Response to Infection with the Cestode, Hymenolepis diminuta
Creators: name: Rajeev, Sruthi
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cestode
subject: tuft cell
subject: helminth
subject: Th2 immunity
subject: Parasitology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The small intestinal tuft cell has garnered considerable interest in the field of parasitic immunology over the past few years for being a sentinel cell in the host response against nematode, trematode, and protist parasites. The tuft cell displays versatility in its capacity to respond to various luminal stimuli and in the mediators it produces. Whether the tuft cell is involved in the host response to enteric cestodes has not been previously explored. My thesis seeks to determine if enteric tuft cells coordinate host anti-helminthic immunity against cestode parasites using murine infection with Hymenolepis diminuta as a model system. H. diminuta-infection induced tuft cell hyperplasia in mice which is dependent on IL-4R𝛼 signalling and the adaptive immune system. Tuft cell hyperplasia still occurs in germ free mice, indicating that the parasite and host responses to the parasite and not microbial factors drive tuft cell hyperplasia. Using pou2f3-/- tuft cell-deficient mice, our study reveals that enteric tuft cells modulate local host responses to H. diminuta that are ultimately important in quicker worm expulsion from the mouse. At the same time, tuft cell deficiency does not abrogate the development of systemic immunity against H. diminuta, nor the ultimate (albeit delayed) expulsion of the worms. We further show that although infection with H. diminuta induces both tuft cell hyperplasia as well as protection from subsequent parasitic infection with H. bakeri, the tuft cell is not solely responsible for mediating systemic and other local Th2 responses against H. diminuta. This work reveals that while tuft cells play subtle roles in fine tuning the host response against the parasite H. diminuta, tuft cell deficiency is overcome by redundancies that exist in host’s mucosal immune arsenal leading to ultimate expulsion of the parasite.
Simulation of a strategy for the pixel lensing of M87 using the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Sajadian, Sedighe
name: Rahvar, Sohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose a new strategy for the pixel-lensing observation of M87 in the Virgo cluster using the {\it Hubble Space Telescope} (HST). In contrast to the previous observational strategy by Baltz et al., we show that a few days intensive observation with the duration of $\sim 90 $min in each HST orbit will increase the observational efficiency of the high-magnification events by more than one order of magnitude. We perform a Monte-Carlo simulation for this strategy and we show that the number of high magnification microlensing events will increase at the rate of 4.2 event per day with a typical transit time scale of 16 h. We also examine the possibility of observing mini-halo dark matter structures using pixel lensing.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Effect of alternative crosslinking agents on the thermo-rheological properties of SBS-modified asphalts
Creators: name: Perez Jaimes, Juan Sebastian
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: Current industrial practices rely on the modification of asphalt by thermoplastic elastomers, particularly styrene-butadiene-styrene, crosslinked with a small amount of sulfur. This technology allows the formation of a three-dimensional polymer network with a significant impact on thermo-rheological and engineering properties. However, gelation of the material and potential development of harmful sulfur emissions may occur. This work concentrates on the mechanism of modification and development of thermo-rheological properties of styrene-butadiene-styrene modified asphalt crosslinked by novel sulfur-based and sulfur-free crosslinkers. The properties of crosslinked modified asphalts were studied by Superpave binder specification tests and rheological tests conducted in the linear and non-linear viscoelastic region. The results were compared with currently used crosslinking technology employing elemental sulfur as well as with the technology without any crosslinking agent. The results from Superpave binder specification showed that the samples crosslinked with novel sulfur-based crosslinking agents were less sensitive to thermo-oxidative degradation than the sample crosslinked with elemental sulfur. This behavior was confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis which also provided insights about decomposition and combustion behavior. In addition, modified asphalts crosslinked with sulfur and sulfur-based crosslinkers had the highest values of %Recovery_3.2kPa. The appearance of the “shoulder” on the master curves of G'(ω) and the local maximum followed by the local minimum on the master curves of tanδ(ω) suggested exceptional resistance of modified asphalts crosslinked by sulfur and sulfur-based crosslinkers to deformation. The development and strength of polymer network were evaluated by the presence of viscosity overshoots and stress overshoots in the steady-state viscosity and start-up of steady shear measurements, respectively. The effects of crosslinking technologies were also evaluated via mechanical glass transition temperature and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. Obtained results point to a considerable difference in the crosslinking mechanism which was also reflected by significant differences in morphology of prepared modified asphalts at ambient temperature. Although sulfur and sulfur-based crosslinking systems had superior performance, the non-sulfur-based crosslinking systems could play a significant role in the reduction of odor and sulfur emissions in densely populated areas.
Entanglement Entropy of Two Spheres
Creators: name: Shiba, Noburo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement entropy S_{AB} of a massless free scalar field on two spheres A and B whose radii are R_1 and R_2, respectively, and the distance between the centers of them is r. The state of the massless free scalar field is the vacuum state. We obtain the result that the mutual information S_{A;B}:=S_A+S_B-S_{AB} is independent of the ultraviolet cutoff and proportional to the product of the areas of the two spheres when r>>R_1,R_2, where S_A and S_B are the entanglement entropy on the inside region of A and B, respectively. We discuss possible connections of this result with the physics of black holes.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; v4, added references, revised argument in section V, a typo in eq.(25) corrected, published version
How to Write a Permutation as a Product of Involutions (and Why You Might Care)
Creators: name: Petersen, T. Kyle
name: Tenner, Brigette Eileen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: It is well-known that any permutation can be written as a product of two involutions. We provide an explicit formula for the number of ways to do so, depending only on the cycle type of the permutation. In many cases, these numbers are sums of absolute values of irreducible characters of the symmetric group evaluated at the same permutation, although apart from the case where all cycles are the same size, we have no good explanation for why this should be so.
Ward Identity implied recursion relations in Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ward identity in gauge theory constrains the behavior of the amplitudes. We discuss the Ward identity for amplitudes with a pair of shifted lines with complex momenta. This will induce a recursion relation identical to BCFW recursion relations at the finite poles of the complexified amplitudes. Furthermore, according to the Ward identity, it is also possible to transform the boundary term into a simple form, which can be obtained by a new recursion relation. For the amplitude with one off-shell line in pure Yang-Mills theory, we find this technique is effective for obtaining the amplitude even when there are boundary contributions.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures