Sempervivum heuffelii Schott. The 1852
Creators: name: Nikolić, Danijela
name: Kuzmanović, Nevena
name: Walter, Johannes
name: Lakušić, Dmitar
name: Ranđelović, Vladimir
name: Letz, Dominik Roman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Crassulaceae
Sempervivum
Sempervivum heuffelii

description: Sempervivum heuffelii Schott (1852: 18)   
 Lectotype (designated here):— ROMANIA. Braşov: “Plantae Transylvaniae Herbarii Schott. 310. Sempervivum heuffelii Schott. In australi alpium tractu, alt. 3000 ped. [ca 915 m] Die 12 Aug 1850, legit Th. Kotschy in monte Krajuluj [Piatra Craiului Mts]” Kotschy 310 (W 0009355!, the specimen on the left). Fig. 3.   
 Notes:—Most of the herbarium specimens of H. W. Schott (1794–1865) are deposited in W (Stafleu & Cowan 1985: 304). Although, some of the material from his collection were destroyed during the Second World War (Riedl 1965, Riedl & Riedl-Dorn 1988, Stafleu & Cowan 1985), a large portion of his general collection were discovered in BP; after Schottʼs death his private herbarium was bought by the Emperor of Mexico, Maximilian, and in turn after his death in 1867, Th. Bilimek managed to save this herbarium and probably transferred it to Budapest. It was inherited by L. Haynald (1816–1891) and incorporated into BP (Riedl & Riedl-Dorn 1988, Szujkó-Lacza 1975: 58). Parnell (1988) typified the names of many Sempervivum species described by Schott on the basis of the material deposited in BP but failed to locate type material of S. heuffelii. Original material of S. heuffelii suitable for typification was recently discovered in W.   
 S. heuffelii was described by the director of the Schönbrunn gardens in Vienna H. W. Schott (1852: 18), who also described Sempervivum assimile Schott (1853: 19) and S. blandum Schott (1853: 29–30), all of which were based on Kotschy’s material collected during his field trips in Transylvania in 1846 and 1850 which provided cultivated plants for the imperial rock-garden in Schönbrun. The information provided by Schott (1852: 18) in the species protologue lacks an exact provenance: “ Vorkommen auf Kalfelsen im Banat und Siebenbürgen ” [occurrence on limestone bedrock in Banat and Transylvania]. Later Kotschy (1853: 65, 68) added collection data for S. heuffelii: “ in den Felsspalten neben der Räuberhöhle über den Herkulesbädern bei Mehadia […] im Jahre 1846 auf Kalk ” [in the calcareous rock crevices near the cave Grota Haiducilor above Băile Herculane at Mehadia in 1846] and furthermore “ in der Schlucht Ryu am Fusse der Piatra Krajuluj 1850 ” [in the Prăpăstiile Zărneştiului gorge (Cheile Zărneştilor) at the foot of the Piatra Craiului Mts in 1850]. The latter locality was also confirmed by Fuss (1857: 171): “ Schlucht unter dem Königstein bei Zernescht ” [gorge below the Piatra Craiului Mts near the town of Zărnești]. This locality is in accordance with the locality on the original label of the herbarium specimen in W (W0009355). The complete specimen on the left side of this sheet is designated here as the lectotype.   
One unpublished illustration of S. heuffelii Schott, stored in the library of the Institute of Botany at the University of Vienna (no. 229/18), was also traced as part of the original material: “ Hepaticae angulosae Sempervivorum et Primularum icones ineditae. Auctore H. Schott, Vind. 1850; Tab. 2., Sempervivum Heuffelii Schott, Gem. v. Nicol. Zehner, Lith. v. Oberer, Gedr. bei J. Höfelich ” (Fig. 4). This illustration was reproduced by Speta (1994: 49) and another one could be deposited in W (cf. Riedl 1965: 210). This colorized lithography is based on living plant material, which was cultivated in the rock-garden of Schönbrunn in Vienna.
description: Published as part of Nikolić, Danijela, Kuzmanović, Nevena, Walter, Johannes, Lakušić, Dmitar, Ranđelović, Vladimir & Letz, Dominik Roman, 2014, Lectotypification of some names in the Jovibarba heuffelii group (Crassulaceae), pp. 206-222 in Phytotaxa 174 (4) on page 210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.174.4.2