cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Standard for Holistic Quality Assurance
Creators: name: Jaeckel, B.
name: Krtschil, A.
name: Cunningham, D.W.
name: Forney, N.
name: LaMothe, C.
name: Nguyen, A.
name: Disser, M.
name: Roth, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3484-3490
description: In this paper we present a new standard for product quality validation with special emphasis
on reliability and mass production monitoring to implement a better level of product quality and of better
customer and investor confidence in the products. This new quality standard will be expressed by a new
quality label: VDE Quality-Tested. The seal and the related criteria set a much higher technical quality
standard as it is currently found in industry. It contains three major improvements compared to standard
product certification and surveillance. First, we defined harder product qualification criteria, e.g. longer
testing times combined with stricter pass/fail criteria to provide longer reliability of the modules in the field.
Second, several inline tests like wet-leakage and high-pot-tests were implemented in mass production as
well as a 100% product control by electroluminescence. Most of these tests are not required by standard
module qualification and production surveillance, but appearing fails are suspected to have significant
impact on module safety and system performance. In consequence, these additional tests will directly
increase the confidence level of investors and costumers. Third pillar of the Quality-Tested seal is a
quarterly monitoring of modules reliability by means of regular climate chamber tests with focus on thermomechanical
and humidity-temperature-induced stresses.
In summary, Q-Cells, BP Solar and VDE Testing and Certification Institute present a new quality standard
on base of harder criteria within initial module qualification and permanent production monitoring, which
gives direct value-add for customers in terms of better module reliability, safety and bankability for PV
investments.
Resonant chiral effects in nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces
Creators: name: Koshelev, Kirill
name: Tang, Yutao
name: Hu, Zixian
name: Kravchenko, Ivan
name: Li, Guixin
name: Kivshar, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the resonant enhancement of linear and nonlinear chiroptical effects in asymmetric silicon metasurfaces supporting multipolar Mie resonances and quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs). We demonstrate theoretically and observe in experiment the pronounced linear circular dichroism at the quasi-BIC resonances. We further find that both local field enhancement and third-harmonic signal are large for Mie resonances and some quasi-BIC modes. We explain the selectivity of the nonlinear enhancement by employing the concept of critical coupling being more favorable for the modes with moderately large radiative quality factors ($Q$ factors). We demonstrate experimentally strong nonlinear chiroptical response associated with high efficiency of the third-harmonic generation and large nonlinear circular dichroism varying from $+0.918\pm0.049$ to $-0.771\pm0.004$ for the samples with different asymmetries. We believe our results suggest a general strategy for engineering nonlinear chiroptical response in dielectric resonant metasurfaces.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 4 2021
Creators: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Publisher: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Year: 2021

description: Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 4 2021
Development of Kifilideen's Elimination Matrix Model to Solve  Simultaneous Equations of Four Variables (𝒘, 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒛), Three Variables(𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒛), and Two Variables (𝒙 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒚)
Creators: name: Osanyinpeju, Kifilideen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The Gaussian elimination method of solving four variables of simultaneous equations involves eliminating some elements of the simultaneous equations in triangular form to zero to determine the values of the variables of the simultaneous equations. This approach does not involve a matrix in generating the values of variables of the simultaneous equations. There is a need to develop a matrix model forsolving four variables of simultaneous equations. The pattern of the developed model can be extended by solving three variables and two variables of simultaneous equations. This study develops Kifilideen’s Elimination Matrix Model to solve simultaneous equations of four variables 𝑤, 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧, three variables 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 and two variables 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦. The elimination method was gradually used to reduce the number of variables of a given simultaneous equation in matrix form. In contrast, in the process, Kifilideen’s Elimination Matrix Model was generated to solve the values of the variables of the simultaneous equations. The Kifilideen’s Elimination Matrix Model was implemented in solving four variables 𝑤, 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧, three variables 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 and two variables 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 simultaneous equations. Kifilideen’s Elimination Matrix Model has been fully utilised, attractive, accurate, and easy to understand.
Development of the Transmission Line Method for Measuring Contact to High Sheet Resistance Emitters with Improved Accuracy
Creators: name: Kirk, D.
name: Whittle, B.
name: Mikeska, K.
name: Lewittes, M.E.
name: Smith, J.
name: Young, R.J.S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2146-2149
description: The electrical resistance at the interface between the solar cell emitter and the front-side metallization is an important
power loss-mechanism. The ability to accurately measure, and ultimately the ability to design cell structures and
metallization pastes that minimize contact resistance are clearly of great importance. The transmission line method
(TLM) is widely used to calculate the contact resistance (Rc) and resistivity (c) of solar cell metallizations. This work
seeks to characterize the errors that are encountered when using this method and hence suggest means of
improvement in measurement accuracy. Despite the unavoidable errors, the method is still a powerful one; this paper
will also show some of the latest uses of this method in mapping contact resistance variations across cells.
Optimal Transport Reconstruction of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
Creators: name: Nikakhtar, Farnik
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Lévy, Bruno
name: Mohayaee, Roya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A weighted, semi-discrete, fast optimal transport (OT) algorithm for reconstructing the Lagrangian positions of proto-halos from their evolved Eulerian positions is presented. The algorithm makes use of a mass estimate of the biased tracers and of the distribution of the remaining mass (the `dust'), but is robust to errors in the mass estimates. Tests with state-of-art cosmological simulations show that if the dust is assumed to have a uniform spatial distribution, then the shape of the OT-reconstructed pair correlation function of the tracers is very close to linear theory, enabling sub-percent precision in the BAO distance scale that depends weakly, if at all, on a cosmological model. With a more sophisticated model for the dust, OT returns an estimate of the displacement field which yields superb reconstruction of the proto-halo positions, and hence of the shape and amplitude of the initial pair correlation function of the tracers. This enables direct and independent determinations of the bias factor $b$ and the smearing scale $Σ$, potentially providing new methods for breaking the degeneracy between $b$ and $σ_8$.
description: matches published version (Physical Review Letters)
Different configurations of transferred atmospheric pressure plasma jet and their application to polymer treatment
Creators: name: Nascimento, Fellype do
name: Kostov, Konstantin Georgiev
name: Quade, Antje
name: Canesqui, Mara Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The employment of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) in a large sort of applications is limited by the adversities related to the size of the treated area and the difficulty to reach the target. The use of devices that employ long tubes in their structure has contributed significantly to overcome these challenges. In this work, a comparison between two different plasma systems employing the jet transfer technique is presented. The main difference between the two devices is how the long plastic tube was assembled. The first one uses a copper wire placed inside a long plastic tube. The other device has a metallic mesh installed in a concentric arrangement between two coaxial plastic tubes. As a result, the two APPJ systems exhibit different properties, with the wire assembly being more powerful, also presenting higher values for the electrical current and rotational temperature when compared to the mesh mounting. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrates that both configurations were capable of inserting O-containing functional groups on the polypropylene (PP) surface. However, the transferred plasma jet with wire assembly was able to add more functional groups on the PP surface. The results from XPS analysis were corroborated with water contact angle measurements (WCA), being that lower WCA values were obtained when the PP surface presented higher amounts of O-containing groups. Surface morphology evaluation showed that the plasma treatment tends to slightly increase the surface roughness of the PP samples with both wire and mesh configurations. Furthermore, the findings in this work suggest that the APPJ with wire configuration is more appropriate for material treatments, while the transferred jet with mesh arrangement tends to present lower electrical current values which makes it more suitable for biological applications.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures,3 tables
Determining the Degree of EVA Cross-Linking in Assembled PV Modules Acoustically and In-situ
Creators: name: Mühleisen, W.
name: Biebl-Rydlo, M.
name: Spielberger, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3480-3483
description: The degree of cross-linking of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) foils is an important quality criterion for
laminated PV cells. A method is proposed that acoustically measures cross-linking in ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)
foils. This technique is both faster and cheaper than existing techniques and, most importantly, it is non-destructive. It
has been shown elsewhere that cross-linking is highly correlated with lamination time. We use lamination time as a
reference measurement against which we can assess the proposed technique. Seven laboratory samples were tested
and the results of the lamination time and the proposed technique were found to be correlated (R²=0.93). Therefore,
we conclude that the proposed technique offers a cheap online alternative to current Soxhlet testing techniques.
Modified cumulative distribution function in application to waiting time analysis in CTRW scenario
Creators: name: Połoczański, Rafał
name: Wyłomańska, Agnieszka
name: Gajda, Janusz
name: Maciejewska, Monika
name: Szczurek, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous time random walk model plays an important role in modeling of so called anomalous diffusion behaviour. One of the specific property of such model are constant time periods visible in trajectory. In the continuous time random walk approach they are realizations of the sequence called waiting times. The main attention of the paper is paid on the analysis of waiting times distribution. We introduce here novel methods of estimation and statistical investigation of such distribution. The methods are based on the modified cumulative distribution function. In this paper we consider three special cases of waiting time distributions, namely $α$-stable, tempered stable and gamma. However the proposed methodology can be applied to broad set of distributions - in general it may serve as a method of fitting any distribution function if the observations are rounded. The new statistical techniques we apply to the simulated data as well as to the real data describing $CO_2$ concentration in indoor air.
B1MG D2.1 Report of ELSI Stakeholder Meetings
Creators: name: Panagiotopoulou, Maria
name: Becker, Regina
name: Thorogood, Adrian
name: Rebers, Susanne
name: Mežinska, Signe
name: Mayrhofer, Michaela Th.
name: Tzortzatou, Olga
name: Makri, Marina
name: Matei, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: B1MG
Beyond 1 Million Genomes
1+MG
1 Million Genomes Initiative
ELSI
ELIXIR
Stakeholders
1+MG Stakeholders
1+MG Trust Framework

description: The 1+ Million Genomes (1+MG) initiative aims to enable secure access to genomics and the corresponding clinical data across Europe for better research, personalised healthcare and health policy making. The Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1MG) project was funded under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (duration: June 2020-May 2023) with the objective to establish the support and coordination structure for the 1+MG initiative. More recently (November 2022), the Genomic Data Infrastructure (GDI) project was funded to build upon the work carried out in 1+MG and B1MG and provide the data infrastructure that will enable secure access to genomics and corresponding clinical data across Europe. A major challenge for 1+MG, B1MG and GDI is addressing adequately the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) of genomic and health research and translating them into technical specifications and implementation guidelines that capture European best practice. Stakeholders, defined as individuals, groups or organisations who may affect, be affected by or perceive themselves to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project can play a crucial role in the success of a scientific project for reasons such as helping to solve arising problems, achieving goals, increasing the availability of resources and improving the quality of products, services or outcomes. The B1MG project since its kick-off involved different groups of key stakeholders (patient organisations, HTA bodies, academics, national policy and decision makers, Research Infrastructures, clinicians and medical specialists, medicines authorities, industry, funders, EU Joint Actions) through annual B1MG Stakeholder Forum meetings, the creation of an interactive B1MG stakeholder portal, expert stakeholder consultation through regular meetings and workshops etc. The present report describes the identification and prioritisation of stakeholders from the B1MG WP2 “ELSI” perspective and summarises the different meetings and consultations that took place for the period June 2020-December 2022. The mapping exercise of WP2 resulted in an internal project inventory of more than 100 ELSI stakeholders, several of which were invited to engage with the project through the WP2 sessions in the annual B1MG Stakeholder Forum meetings, thematic workshops or their inclusion to the monthly B1MG WP2/ 1+MG WG2 meetings. In addition, several members of the B1MG WP2/1+MG WG2 have participated in meetings of other European projects and initiatives as stakeholders, advisory board members or invited speakers, ensuring knowledge transfer and alignment.
Designing digital money gifts in intimate friendships
Creators: name: Probst, Freya
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Design not elsewhere classified

description: Digital money enables a convenient and efficient gift across distance. Yet, money as a gift can face limitations when exchanged in intimate friendships. This thesis develops a framework to inform how digital money gifts could become regarded more positively in such a relationship context. In the view of new digital developments that connect money to other types of digital applications new promising possibilities emerge for its design. While much literature studied digital money gifts in group or more distanced relationships, there is a lack of understanding regarding problems and possibilities in the design of digital money gifts in intimate relationships. A speculative design approach is applied to support thinking beyond current approaches to understanding and meeting human needs. A challenge is to support the experience in a solely digital context that allows more immediate exchange across geographical distance. A central question of this thesis is: “How can digital money be designed as a gift in intimate friendships with digital creativity?” Study 1 explored the current usage and possible limitations throughout a pilot survey and two speculative scenarios in a focus group study. This revealed experiential requirements, but also concerns about a potential negative impact to their relationships. Moreover, there were restrictions of digital money in meeting the expectations as a gift, especially in more intimate friendships. Study 2 reveals the weighty design factors to consider that show a potential to be relationship-strengthening and to support a greater appropriateness of digital money in a gift exchange situation. The thesis contributes to the lack of literature in studying digital money gifts in more intimate friendships by (1) understanding the possible problems of digital money as a gift in that context, (2a) finding the important and unimportant design factors to support relationship-strengthening gifts, and (2b) appropriateness of the digital money gift in intimate friendships. (3) New concepts are provided into the way money can be designed as a gift, and how its design could affect its perception. (4) The framework that has been developed throughout the research is discussed in its ability to inspire succeeding research and inform the design of digital money as a gift.
Passivated Boron Back-Surface-Field for Industrial Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schlosser, R.E.
name: Münzer, K.A.
name: Schöne, J.
name: Teppe, A.
name: Tumback, M.
name: Keller, S.
name: Fath, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2154-2159
description: A passivated boron back-surface-field was investigated as an option for an improved rear side
passivation instead of the industrial screen printed Al- BSF with the goal to avoid the limited optical performance
and considerable wafer warpage of Al- BSF solar cells especially on thin silicon wafers. An emitter- like single-sided
boron diffusion was developed yielding sheet resistance in the 30 to 60 Ohm/sq. regime which could be well
passivated by a suitable thermal oxide. Highest solar cell efficiencies of 17.9% were reached on 156x156 mm²
pseudo-square p- type silicon Cz wafers. By using such a passivated boron doping profile as a rear emitter on
equivalent n- type silicon wafers solar cells with 17.3% efficiency were achieved. IV- characteristics and spectral
response evaluations clearly show increased short current densities and improved long wavelength performance.
Additionally ECV boron doping profiles are presented with boron concentrations of about 1e20 at/cm² close to the
surface and a maximum diffusion depth of about 0.8 μm depending on the thermal budget.
Thermal drag effect in quantum Hall circuits
Creators: name: Idrisov, Edvin G.
name: Levkivskyi, Ivan P.
name: Sukhorukov, Eugene V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal drag between two mesoscopic quantum Hall (QH) circuits. Each circuit consists of Ohmic contact perfectly coupled to quantum Hall edge states. The drag is caused by strong capacitive coupling between Ohmic contacts. The non-equilibirum conditions and the electron-electron interaction are taken into account by using the non-equilibrium bosonization technique. The thermal drag current in the passive circuit, the noise power of the corresponding heat current, and the Fano factor are calculated and analyzed.
SuperPoint features in endoscopy
Creators: name: Barbed, O. L.
name: Chadebecq, F.
name: Morlana, J.
name: Martínez-Montiel, J. M.
name: Murillo, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is often a significant gap between research results and applicability in routine medical practice. This work studies the performance of well-known local features on a medical dataset captured during routine colonoscopy procedures. Local feature extraction and matching is a key step for many computer vision applications, specially regarding 3D modelling. In the medical domain, handcrafted local features such as SIFT, with public pipelines such as COLMAP, are still a predominant tool for this kind of tasks. We explore the potential of the well known self-supervised approach SuperPoint, present an adapted variation for the endoscopic domain and propose a challenging evaluation framework. SuperPoint based models achieve significantly higher matching quality than commonly used local features in this domain. Our adapted model avoids features within specularity regions, a frequent and problematic artifact in endoscopic images, with consequent benefits for matching and reconstruction results.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
A family of special case of sequential warped product manifolds with semi-Riemannian Einstein metrics
Creators: name: Pigazzini, Alexander
name: Ozel, Cenap
name: Jafari, Saeid
name: Pincak, Richard
name: DeBenedictis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C21

description: We derive the general formulas for a special configuration of the sequential warped product semi-Riemannian manifold to be Einstein, where the base-manifold is the product of two manifolds both equipped with a conformal metrics. Subsequently we study the case in which these two manifolds are conformal to a $n_1$-dimensional and $n_2$-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space, respectively. For the latter case, we prove the existence of a family of solutions that are invariant under the action of a $(n_1-1)$-dimensional group of transformations to the case of positive constant Ricci curvature ($λ>0$).
description: Latest version has minor changes and added references. Accepted for publication in: Journal of Geometric Mechanics (AIMS - America Institute of Mathematical Sciences)
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation across FMCW Radar Configurations Using Margin Disparity Discrepancy
Creators: name: Hernangomez, Rodrigo
name: Bjelakovic, Igor
name: Servadei, Lorenzo
name: Stanczak, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Commercial radar sensing is gaining relevance and machine learning algorithms constitute one of the key components that are enabling the spread of this radio technology into areas like surveillance or healthcare. However, radar datasets are still scarce and generalization cannot be yet achieved for all radar systems, environment conditions or design parameters. A certain degree of fine tuning is, therefore, usually required to deploy machine-learning-enabled radar applications. In this work, we consider the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation across radar configurations in the context of deep-learning human activity classification using frequency-modulated continuous-wave. For that, we focus on the theory-inspired technique of Margin Disparity Discrepancy, which has already been proved successful in the area of computer vision. Our experiments extend this technique to radar data, achieving a comparable accuracy to fewshot supervised approaches for the same classification problem.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted as a conference paper for EUSIPCO 2022
CELLO FFT Impedance Analysis of Solar Cells with a Strong Injection Level Dependence
Creators: name: Carstensen, J.
name: Schütt, A.
name: Popkirov, G.
name: Föll, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2160-2163
description: The CELLO impedance analysis uses frequency dependent amplitude and phase shift data measured
for three LASERs with different penetration depths for fitting local solar cell parameters to a 1D model for generation,
recombination, and transport in a solar cell. Solar cell parameters with a strong injection level dependency are
quite common but always difficult to analyze. In this paper several approaches will be discussed for the identification
of injection level dependent parameters including second harmonic analysis. So often measurement conditions can be
found which allow to neglect injection level dependencies. Several examples for injection level dependent solar cell
parameters will be discussed
Accuracy requirements to test the applicability of the random cascade model to supersonic turbulence
Creators: name: Folini, Doris
name: Walder, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model, which is widely used for inertial rang statistics of supersonic turbulence in the context of molecular clouds and star formation, expresses (measurable) relative scaling exponents Z_p of two-point velocity statistics as a function of two parameters, beta and Delta. The model relates them to the dimension D of the most dissipative structures, D=3-Delta/(1-beta). While this description has proved most successful for incompressible turbulence (beta=Delta=2/3, and D=1), its applicability in the highly compressible regime remains debated. For this regime, theoretical arguments suggest D=2 and Delta=2/3, or Delta=1. Best estimates based on 3D periodic box simulations of supersonic isothermal turbulence yield Delta=0.71 and D=1.9, with uncertainty ranges of Delta in [0.67, 0.78] and D in [2.04,1.60]. With these 5-10\% uncertainty ranges just marginally including the theoretical values of Delta=2/3 and D=2, doubts remain whether the model indeed applies and, if it applies, for what values of beta and Delta. We use a Monte Carlo approach to mimic actual simulation data and examine what factors are most relevant for the fit quality. We estimate that 0.1% (0.05%) accurate Z_p, with p=1...5, should allow for 2% (1%) accurate estimates of beta and Delta in the highly compressible regime, but not in the mildly compressible regime. We argue that simulation-based Z_p with such accuracy are within reach of today's computer resources. If this kind of data does not allow for the expected high quality fit of beta and Delta, then this may indicate the inapplicability of the model for the simulation data. In fact, other models than the one we examine here have been suggested.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 3 2021
Creators: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Publisher: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Year: 2021

description: Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 3 2021
Hybrid matrix method for stable numerical analysis of the propagation of Dirac electrons in gapless bilayer graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Briones-Torres, J. A.
name: Pernas-Salomón, R.
name: Pérez-Álvarez, R.
name: Rodríguez-Vargas, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gapless bilayer graphene (GBG), like monolayer graphene, is a material system with unique properties, such as anti-Klein tunneling and intrinsic Fano resonances. These properties rely on the gapless parabolic dispersion relation and the chiral nature of bilayer graphene electrons. In addition, propagating and evanescent electron states coexist inherently in this material, giving rise to these exotic properties. In this sense, bilayer graphene is unique, since in most material systems in which Fano resonance phenomena are manifested an external source that provides extended states is required. However, from a numerical standpoint, the presence of evanescent-divergent states in the eigenfunctions linear superposition representing the Dirac spinors, leads to a numerical degradation (the so called $Ω$d problem) in the practical applications of the standard Coefficient Transfer Matrix ($K$) method used to study charge transport properties in Bilayer Graphen based multi-barrier systems. We present here a straightforward procedure based in the hybrid compliance-stiffness matrix method ($H$) that can overcome this numerical degradation. Our results show that in contrast to standard matrix method, the proposed $H$ method is suitable to study the transmission and transport properties of electrons in GBG superlattice since it remains numerically stable regardless the size of the superlattice and the range of values taken by the input parameters: the energy and angle of the incident electrons, the barrier height and the thickness and number of barriers. We show that the matrix determinant can be used as a test of the numerical accuracy in real calculations.
Hyperbolic Topological Band Insulators
Creators: name: Urwyler, David M.
name: Lenggenhager, Patrick M.
name: Boettcher, Igor
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Bzdušek, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, hyperbolic lattices that tile the negatively curved hyperbolic plane emerged as a new paradigm of synthetic matter, and their energy levels were characterized by a band structure in a four- (or higher-)dimensional momentum space. To explore the uncharted topological aspects arising in hyperbolic band theory, we here introduce elementary models of hyperbolic topological band insulators: the hyperbolic Haldane model and the hyperbolic Kane-Mele model; both obtained by replacing the hexagonal cells of their Euclidean counterparts by octagons. Their non-trivial topology is revealed by computing topological invariants in both position and momentum space. The bulk-boundary correspondence is evidenced by comparing bulk and boundary density of states, by modelling propagation of edge excitations, and by their robustness against disorder.
description: main text (4 pages incl. 5 figures and 1 table) + references + supplementary material (24 pages incl. 13 figures and 2 tables)
Accurate IV-Measurement for Back Contact Solar Cells
Creators: name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Hohl-Ebinger, J.
name: Krieg, A.
name: Greif, M.
name: Greco, L.
name: Clement, F.
name: Rein, S.
name: Warta, W.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2118-2120
description: Placing the electrical contacts of both polarities on the back side of a solar cell reduces shading losses
and is therefore beneficial for the solar cell efficiency. Few concepts are already on the market but it is expected that
a large break through of back contact solar cells is coming in near future. To determine the solar cell performance it
is essential that the current-voltage-curve under illumination can be measured accurately with a temporary electrical
contacting. In this paper we discuss the requirements for a certified measurement of the solar cell performance with
respect to back contact solar cells. In the experimental section we show how these requirements are fulfilled by a
measurement chuck constructed at Fraunhofer ISE.
High-Density Array of Size-Controlled Silicon Nanodots for All Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Delamare, R.
name: Yedji, M.
name: Demarche, J.
name: Terwagne, G.
name: Kotipalli, R.
name: Flandre, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 498-501
description: Silicon quantum dots and crystalline silicon heteroface structure is investigated. Nucleation of the quantum
dots was achieved by implanting Si+ ions into SiO2 films, thermally grown on a Si(100) substrate. A multiple
implantation step was used to obtain homogenous distribution of quantum dots in the SiO2 matrix The thickness of the
oxide layer, the stoichiometry of the implanted layer, and the depth profiles of the implanted ions were determined by
both Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and ellipsometry techniques. Characterization by transmission electron
microscopy indicates that the diameter of the silicon quantum dots varies from 2 to 20 nm, which is in the range of the
Bohr radius of bulk crystalline Silicon (5 nm). Electrical properties have been investigated I-V and C-V measurements.
Despite the weak efficiency of these devices, these results remain very promising and offer potentially vast improvements
to the third generation solar cells.
The Relative Deligne Tensor Product over Pointed Braided Fusion Categories
Creators: name: Décoppet, Thibault D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18M15, 18M20, 18N25 (Primary), 16H05 (Secondary)

description: We give a formula for the relative Deligne tensor product of two indecomposable finite semisimple module categories over a pointed braided fusion category over an algebraically closed field.
description: Minor corrections
HII Region Ionization of the Interstellar Medium: A Case Study of NGC 7538
Creators: name: Luisi, Matteo
name: Anderson, L. D.
name: Balser, Dana S.
name: Bania, T. M.
name: Wenger, Trey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from the Green Bank Telescope, we analyze the radio continuum (free-free) and radio recombination line (RRL) emission of the compact HII region NGC 7538 (Sharpless 158). We detect extended radio continuum and hydrogen RRL emission beyond the photodissociation region (PDR) toward the north and east, but a sharp decrease in emission toward the south and west. This indicates that a non-uniform PDR morphology is affecting the amount of radiation "leaking" through the PDR. The strongest carbon RRL emission is found in the western PDR that appears to be dense. We compute a leaking fraction $f_R = 15 \pm 5$ % of the radio continuum emission measured in the plane of the sky which represents a lower limit when accounting for the three-dimensional geometry of the region. We detect an average $^4\textrm{He}^+/\textrm{H}^+$ abundance ratio by number of $0.088 \pm 0.003$ inside the HII region and a decrease in this ratio with increasing distance from the region beyond the PDR. Using Herschel Space Observatory data, we show that small dust temperature enhancements to the north and east of NGC 7538 coincide with extended radio emission, but that the dust temperature enhancements are mostly contained within a second PDR to the east. Unlike the giant HII region W43, the radiation leaking from NGC 7538 seems to only affect the local ambient medium. This suggests that giant HII regions may have a large effect in maintaining the ionization of the interstellar medium.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables)
Inline High-Rate Thermal Evaporation of Aluminium for Novel Industrial Solar Cell Metallization
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, F.
name: Mader, C.
name: Münster, D.
name: Dullweber, T.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2066-2068
description: We evaluate a novel high-throughput thermal evaporation system (ATON500, Applied Materials) for
the aluminum metallization of solar cells. We demonstrate a maximum throughput of 720 wafers/h (156 × 156 mm²
Si wafers coated with a 5 μm Al layer) applying dynamic deposition rates of up to 5 μm × m/min. By adjusting the
individual aluminium evaporation rate for each evaporation boat, we achieve excellent thickness uniformity across
the 50 cm-wide deposition area on the substrate carrier of ±3.4%. The specific contact resistance of an evaporated
aluminium layer on a 0.5 Ωcm p-type Si wafer is determined to be 4 mΩcm2 which is in the same range as Al
contacts deposited by laboratory type evaporation systems. During deposition the wafer temperature increases up to
370°C at deposition rates of 2.9 μm × m/min, which is compatible with high-efficiency Si solar cell processes. By
applying the high-rate thermal evaporation of aluminum to a buried-emitter rear-contact solar cell, we demonstrate a
conversion efficiency of 20.6%. These results demonstrate the applicability of the inline evaporation system for the
production of industrial high-efficiency solar cells.
Photons guided by axons may enable backpropagation-based learning in the brain
Creators: name: Zarkeshian, Parisa
name: Kergan, Taylor
name: Ghobadi, Roohollah
name: Nicola, Wilten
name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite great advances in explaining synaptic plasticity and neuron function, a complete understanding of the brain's learning algorithms is still missing. Artificial neural networks provide a powerful learning paradigm through the backpropagation algorithm which modifies synaptic weights by using feedback connections. Backpropagation requires extensive communication of information back through the layers of a network. This has been argued to be biologically implausible and it is not clear whether backpropagation can be realized in the brain. Here we suggest that biophotons guided by axons provide a potential channel for backward transmission of information in the brain. Biophotons have been experimentally shown to be produced in the brain, yet their purpose is not understood. We propose that biophotons can propagate from each post-synaptic neuron to its pre-synaptic one to carry the required information backward. To reflect the stochastic character of biophoton emissions, our model includes the stochastic backward transmission of teaching signals. We demonstrate that a three-layered network of neurons can learn the MNIST handwritten digit classification task using our proposed backpropagation-like algorithm with stochastic photonic feedback. We model realistic restrictions and show that our system still learns the task for low rates of biophoton emission, information-limited (one bit per photon) backward transmission, and in the presence of noise photons. Our results suggest a new functionality for biophotons and provide an alternate mechanism for backward transmission in the brain.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Weighted finite Fourier transform operator: Uniform approximations of the eigenfunctions, eigenvalues decay and behaviour
Creators: name: Karoui, Abderrazek
name: Souabni, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 42C10, 33E10, Secondary 34L10, 41A30

description: In this paper, we first give two uniform asymptotic approximations of the eigenfunctions of the weighted finite Fourier transform operator, defined by ${\displaystyle \mathcal F_c^{(α)} f(x)=\int_{-1}^1 e^{icxy} f(y)\,(1-y^2)^α\, dy,\,}$ where $ c >0, α> -1$ are two fixed real numbers. The first uniform approximation is given in terms of a Bessel function, whereas the second one is given in terms of a normalized Jacobi polynomial. These eigenfunctions are called generalized prolate spheroidal wave functions (GPSWFs). By using the uniform asymptotic approximations of the GPSWFs, we prove the super-exponential decay rate of the eigenvalues of the operator $\mathcal F_c^{(α)}$ in the case where $0>1.$
Laser Structuring of Solar Glasses for Light Management
Creators: name: Krause, S.
name: Steudel, F.
name: Miclea, P.-T.
name: Schweizer, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 358-360
description: Glass is an important component in solar modules. Structuring of the glass surface offers a fundamental
approach to increase solar module efficiency. Short and ultra-short laser pulses allow for a flexible and innovative
nano-structuring of the glass surface for light management. The nano-structures analyzed for light management were
2D-grid structures consisting of many fine, parallel and equally spaced grooves. Transmission and scattering measurements
showed that the untreated solar glass has an average transmittance of 85% in the spectral range from
400 nm to 1100 nm; the glass showed no significant light scattering (less than 1%). Laser structuring, however, leads
to a significant increase in the forward scattering whereas the total transmittance remains almost unchanged. In the
case of the 532 nm laser structuring, the forward scattering of the 2D-grid structure with a line spacing of 100 μm
and 50 μm could be increased to more than 15% and 40%, respectively, for the spectral range from 400 to 1100 nm.
The effect of the 1030 nm laser structuring was smaller for the 50 μm line spacing, but significantly higher for the
10 μm spacing: nearly 80% forward scattering was achieved for the 2D-grid structure.
A Study of the Surface Morphology of Silicon: Effect of Parasitic Emitter Etching on the Rear Side Performance of Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Dastgheib-Shirazi, A.
name: Steyer, M.
name: Junge, J.
name: Gindner, S.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2107-2113
description: Silicon solar cells with dielectric passivation layers need enhanced rear surface treatment. In this work
we will introduce a novel masking and etching procedure whereby the parasitic emitter etching, the increase of the
rear reflectance and finally the improvement of the rear surface passivation will be merged in only one step. Using
adapted acidic etching solutions we can show a higher etch rate at pyramid peaks of textured rear sides. This
selectivity of the etch rate will allow significant change of the surface morphology without increased material loss.
This fact makes the application of thin solar cells more attractive. This novel method is transferred not only to screenprinted
solar cell concepts with full area Al-BSF, but also to solar cells with dielectrically passivated rear sides.
The rounding effect of the rear side texture with minimized abrasion leads to high rear side reflectance and increased
surface passivation of dielectrically passivated solar cells. A significant gain of 0.5 mA/cm² of solar cells with an
adapted rear side morphology confirms the mentioned advantages of this novel etching procedure with masking.
Kinks in two-phase lipid bilayer membranes
Creators: name: Helmers, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49J45, 82B26, 49Q10, 92C10

description: Common models for two-phase lipid bilayer membranes are based on an energy that consists of an elastic term for each lipid phase and a line energy at interfaces. Although such an energy controls only the length of interfaces, the membrane surface is usually assumed to be at least $C^1$ across phase boundaries. We consider the spontaneous curvature model for closed rotationally symmetric two-phase membranes without excluding tangent discontinuities at interfaces a priorily. We introduce a family of energies for smooth surfaces and phase fields for the lipid phases and derive a sharp interface limit that coincides with the $Γ$-limit on all reasonable membranes and extends the classical model by assigning a bending energy also to tangent discontinuities. The theoretical result is illustrated by numerical examples.
description: The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com. See the journal reference
Transmission Spectroscopic and IV Curves Analysis of Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Glotzbach, T.
name: Firges, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3438-3441
description: To harness the benefits of organic over conventional inorganic photovoltaic technology, further
investigations about optical and technical characteristics are required. Especially for building integrated
photovoltaic (BIPV), it is interesting to obtain precise information on optical specifications such as the
transmission-, reflection and absorption spectrum. For the integration of semi-transparent, organic modules in
windows, for example, it is of great importance, which fraction of the sun light will be sensed by the residents
and how it effects the sense of comfort for the inhabitants. In this work an analysis of transmission spectra of
organic photovoltaic (OPV) modules and the dependency of the spectra on different load conditions in short-and
long-term experiments is shown. In addition the outdoor behaviour of organic photovoltaic modules is evaluated
over a longer period.