cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning local equivariant representations for quantum operators
Creators: name: Zhouyin, Zhanghao
name: Gan, Zixi
name: Liu, MingKang
name: Pandey, Shishir Kumar
name: Zhang, Linfeng
name: Gu, Qiangqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting quantum operator matrices such as Hamiltonian, overlap, and density matrices in the density functional theory (DFT) framework is crucial for material science. Current methods often focus on individual operators and struggle with efficiency and scalability for large systems. Here we introduce a novel deep learning model, SLEM (strictly localized equivariant message-passing) for predicting multiple quantum operators, that achieves state-of-the-art accuracy while dramatically improving computational efficiency. SLEM's key innovation is its strict locality-based design for equivariant representations of quantum tensors while preserving physical symmetries. This enables complex many-body dependency without expanding the effective receptive field, leading to superior data efficiency and transferability. Using an innovative SO(2) convolution and invariant overlap parameterization, SLEM reduces the computational complexity of high-order tensor products and is therefore capable of handling systems requiring the $f$ and $g$ orbitals in their basis sets. We demonstrate SLEM's capabilities across diverse 2D and 3D materials, achieving high accuracy even with limited training data. SLEM's design facilitates efficient parallelization, potentially extending DFT simulations to systems with device-level sizes, opening new possibilities for large-scale quantum simulations and high-throughput materials discovery.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures and 5 tables
Improving food system sustainability through technological, social, and organizational innovations in intermediate food value chains
Creators: name: Flynn, Katherine M
name: Mayor, Luis
name: Luminita Ciolacu
name: Genviève Gézan-Guiziou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: intermediate food value chain, postharvest innovation, technological innovation, food sustainability

description: There is agreement that existing food systems contribute to economic, social, environmental, and health-related problems. Dominant systems of long supply chains have advantages, e.g., mass production and lower prices, however, these chains typically concentrate profits and produce ultra-processed foods. While short food supply chains (SFSC) offer fairer prices for farmers and fresh local food, they suffer from limited volumes and higher prices. The FAIRCHAIN project (www.fairchain-h2020.eu) is contributing to the development of intermediate food value chains, which combine elements from short and long, to achieve food systems that are more environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. The project strategy is co-creation and co-innovation in which all actors in the value chain participate in case studies in the fruit, vegetable, and dairy sectors. Here, technological innovations are now in progress and include i) a hygienic, flexible, and portable filling machine; ii) use of postharvest streams for food or cleaning materials; and iii) information and communication technologies such as global positioning software and blockchain technology to maximize quality products. These innovations are continuously being tested and improved with stakeholder input. Other FAIRCHAIN case studies address organisational and social innovations also with the aim of promoting intermediate food value chains.
$L^p$-continuity of wave operators for higher order Schrödinger operators with threshold eigenvalues in high dimensions
Creators: name: Erdogan, M. Burak
name: Green, William R.
name: LaMaster, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the higher order Schrödinger operator $H=(-Δ)^m+V(x)$ in $n$ dimensions with real-valued potential $V$ when $n>4m$, $m\in \mathbb N$. We adapt our recent results for $m>1$ to show that when $H$ has a threshold eigenvalue the wave operators are bounded on $L^p(\mathbb R^n)$ for the natural range $1\leq p<\frac{n}{2m}$ in both even and odd dimensions. The approach used works without distinguishing even and odd cases, and matches the range of boundedness in the classical case when $m=1$. The proof applies in the classical $m=1$ case as well and simplifies the argument.
description: Updated to reflect referee comments, to appear in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.14264
Deng Xiaoping
Creators: name: Gendo, Sari-Dewi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Die Politik Deng Xiaopings ist in ihrer Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der VR China kaum zu überschätzen. Sein Leben und Wirken spiegelt die Geschichte Chinas im 20. Jahrhundert wider. Facetten dieses Bildes bilden Dengs Jugend auf dem Land, sein Engagement in der KP Chinas, die Machtergreifung 1949, seine Tätigkeit im inneren Führungskreis seit 1949, die Zeit des inneren Exils während der Kulturrevolution und sein Aufstieg an die Spitze von Partei und Staat 1977. Seit Ende der siebziger Jahre prägte Deng die VR China durch den Umbau des maoistischen Staates, die Einleitung einer Wirtschaftsreformpolitik und die Ausgestaltung der außenpolitischen und militärischen Rolle der VR China. Die Literatur, die sich mit Deng Xiaoping und den von ihm eingeleiteten Reformen sowie mit deren Beurteilung befaßt, ist in einer Kurzbibliographie nicht zu erfassen. Die folgenden Titel bilden daher nur eine kleine (und in gewisser Weise willkürliche) Auswahl. Aufgeführt werden Titel, bei denen davon ausgegangen wird, daß sie schwerpunktmäßig die Person Dengs und deren Wirken, weniger die von ihm eingeleiteten Reformen behandeln.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1997
Uhlmann quench and geometric dynamic quantum phase transition of mixed states
Creators: name: Tang, Jia-Chen
name: Hou, Xu-Yang
name: Zhou, Zheng
name: Guo, Hao
name: Chien, Chih-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic quantum phase transitions (DQPT) following quantum quenches exhibit singular behavior of the overlap between the initial and evolved states. Here we present a formalism to incorporate a geometric phase into quench dynamics of mixed quantum states, a process named the Uhlmann quench, based on the Uhlmann parallel transport. To overcome the incompatibility between the Uhlmann parallel-transport condition and Hamiltonian dynamics, we formulate the evolution of purification of the density matrix in a form which not only respects the dynamics according to the density matrix but also follows the Uhlmann parallel-transport condition to generate a geometric phase after a quantum quench. For cyclic processes exemplified by a spin-1/2 system, geometric DQPTs (GDQPTs) can emerge with both singular behavior in the dynamic analogue of the free energy and jumps of the geometric phase. Moreover, the Uhlmann phase reflecting the holonomy is generated at the end of each cycle. The Uhlmann quench thus paves the way for investigating the interplay between quantum dynamics and geometric processes in mixed states.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Deng Xiaoping
Creators: name: Liu, Jen-Kai
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Deng Xiaoping verstarb am 19. Februar 1997 um 21.08 Uhr im Alter von 92 Jahren in Beijing. "Meisterstratege, der das Schicksal Chinas veränderte", "Führer, der China umgestaltete", "Chinas Pionier der Marktreformen", "der Revolutionär, der als einer der großen Figuren des 20. Jahrhunderts hervortrat, indem er China von einer kommunistischen Bastion in einen kapitalistischen Koloß umgestaltete", "der letzte Kaiser", "Chinas letzter Patriarch, der seinem Land zu mehr Wohlstand verhalf als es je erlebt hatte", "Mann des Jahrhunderts - durch kühne Verwerfung des Maoismus und das Aushecken epochaler Wirtschaftsreformen in China hat Deng Xiaoping das Leben von weit mehr Menschen verbessert als jeder andere Führer irgendwann und irgendwo", "ein Mann, der die größte Verbesserung im Lebensstandard und in den persönlichen Freiheiten der größten Anzahl von Menschen in der gesamten Menschheitsgeschichte in die Wege leitete, genauso wie er die größte Veränderung in der wirtschaftlichen und politischen Macht auslöste, die die Welt seit einem Jahrhundert oder mehr gesehen hat" - so lauteten die Charakterisierungen in den Nachrufen auf Deng Xiaoping und den Beurteilungen seines Lebenswerks in internationalen Zeitungen und Zeitschriften.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1997
Herausforderungen für den Finanzplatz Hongkong
Creators: name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Nach Tokyo ist Hongkong das zweitgrößte Finanzzentrum in Asien. Die herausragende Bedeutung Hongkongs basiert auf dem hochentwickelten Banksektor und Kapitalmarkt. Bezogen auf die Anzahl internationaler Banken, liegt Hongkong nach den USA und Großbritannien an dritter Stelle. Werden die ausländischen Vermögenswerte der Banken in Hongkong als Maßstab zugrunde gelegt, dann nimmt Hongkong mit rd. 600 Mrd. US$ den Platz fünf ein.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1998
Zero-energy photoelectric effect
Creators: name: Azizi, Sajad
name: Saalmann, Ulf
name: Rost, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a near-threshold ("zero energy") peak in multi-photon ionization for a dynamical regime where the photon frequency is large compared to the binding energy of the electron. The peak position does not depend on the laser frequency, but on the binding energy and the pulse duration. The effect originates from the fact that bound-continuum dipole transitions are stronger than continuum-continuum ones. To clearly observe this zero-energy photoelectric effect, the spectral width of the laser pulse should be comparable to the binding energy of the ionized orbital, and the second ionization potential should be larger than the photon energy. This suggests negative ions as ideal candidates for corresponding experiments.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Schattenseiten des chinesischen Wirtschaftswunders: Regionales Entwicklungsgefälle und Armut
Creators: name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Wachsende regionale Entwicklungsunterschiede und über 350 Millionen Chinesen, die nach internationalen Standards unterhalb der Armutsgrenze leben, stehen in krassem Gegensatz zum Image des Wirtschaftswunderlandes. Das zunehmende regionale Entwicklungsgefälle, das Millionen von Wanderarbeitern in die Städte an der Ostküste drängen läßt, um der ländlichen Armut zu entfliehen, verstärkte Anfang der 90er Jahre die Diskussion um die Zunahme zentrifugaler Kräfte. Als Szenario des politisch-wirtschaftlichen Auseinanderfallens Chinas in Teilregionen fand diese Diskussion unter westlichen China-Experten große Beachtung. Seit Mitte der 90er Jahre hat sich in der politischen Führung ein Stimmungswechsel hinsichtlich der Beurteilung der regionalen Disparitäten und der Armutsbekämpfung vollzogen. Partei und Regierung wollen eine stärker ausgeglichene Regionalentwicklung und mehr Ressourcen für die Reduzierung der Armut einsetzen. Die neuen Zielsetzungen finden ihren Niederschlag in den mittelfristigen Wirtschaftsplanungen, in neuen Gesetzen und Bestimmungen sowie in einer Reihe von wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen. Wie stark die politische Führung vor allem das Thema der Armutsbekämpfung in der Öffentlichkeit besetzt hat, davon konnte sich die Autorin des vorliegenden Beitrages im Herbst 1996 während eines Forschungsaufenthaltes in China selbst überzeugen. Sowohl im Fernsehen als auch in den regierungsamtlichen Tageszeitungen wurde täglich über die Besuche politischer Führer in den Armutsgebieten und über die Position der Partei und Regierung zu diesem Problemkreis berichtet. Welche Bedeutung diesem Thema nach wie vor eingeräumt wird, zeigen die im Januar 1997 veröffentlichten Reden des Ministerpräsidenten Li Peng und des Parteivorsitzenden Jiang Zemin auf der ZK-Konferenz zur Armutsbekämpfung und Entwicklung sowie der Staatsratsbeschluß zur Armutspolitik, die alle von Ende September 1996 datieren. Im folgenden Beitrag werden Fragen der regionalen Wirtschaftsentwicklung und der Armut in China gemeinsam betrachtet, da Armut in China sich im wesentlichen auf bestimmte Regionen konzentriert. Zunächst werden Ausmaß und Ursachen für die Zunahme des Regionalgefälles untersucht und anschließend nach der Entwicklung und der Ausprägung von Armut in China gefragt. Neue Konzepte zur Reduzierung des regionalen Entwicklungsgefälles und der Armut werden abschließend vorgestellt.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1997
Denoising Improves Cross-Scanner and Cross-Protocol Test-Retest Reproducibility of Higher-Order Diffusion Metrics
Creators: name: Ades-Aron, Benjamin
name: Coelho, Santiago
name: Lemberskiy, Gregory
name: Veraart, Jelle
name: Baete, Steven
name: Shepherd, Timothy M.
name: Novikov, Dmitry S.
name: Fieremans, Els
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clinical translation of diffusion MRI (dMRI)-derived quantitative contrasts hinges on robust reproducibility, minimizing both same-scanner and cross-scanner variability. This study evaluates the reproducibility of higher-order diffusion metrics (beyond conventional diffusion tensor imaging), at the voxel and region-of-interest levels on magnitude and complex-valued dMRI data, using denoising with and without harmonization. We compared same-scanner, cross-scanner, and cross-protocol variability for a multi-shell dMRI protocol in 20 subjects. We first evaluated the effectiveness of denoising strategies for both magnitude and complex data to mitigate noise-induced bias and variance, to improve dMRI parametric maps and reproducibility. We examined the impact of denoising under different analysis approaches, comparing voxel-wise and region of interest (ROI)-based methods. We also evaluated the role of denoising when harmonizing dMRI across scanners and protocols. DTI and DKI maps visually improve after MPPCA denoising, with noticeably fewer outliers in kurtosis maps. Denoising enhances voxel-wise reproducibility, with test-retest variability of kurtosis indices reduced from 15-20% to 5-10% after denoising. Complex dMRI denoising reduces the noise floor by up to 60%. In ROI-analyses, denoising also increased statistical power, with reduction in sample size requirements by up to 40% for detecting differences across populations. Combining denoising with linear-RISH harmonization, in voxel-wise assessments, improved intra-scanner intraclass correlation coefficients for FA from moderate to excellent repeatability over harmonization alone. The enhancement in data quality and precision due to denoising facilitates the broader application and acceptance of these advanced imaging techniques in both clinical practice and large-scale neuroimaging studies.
La pérennisation de l'information numérique : une introduction
Creators: name: Caron, Bertrand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: préservation numérique
identifiants pérennes
formats de fichiers
intégrité
métadonnées

description: Cette présentation, à l'origine donnée dans une formation Médiadix, s'intéresse à la préservation numérique en privilégiant le point de vue des bibliothèques patrimoniales engagées dans des processus de numérisation de leurs collections et/ou de collecte de contenus nativement numériques. La plupart des considérations s'appliquent néanmoins aux autres institutions de conservation du patrimoine historique, culturel et scientifique. Elle parcourt rapidement les problématiques liées à cette activité (préservation du train d'octets : stockage, intégrité et transfert ; empaquetage ; formats de fichiers ; métadonnées ; identifiants pérennes).
title: Shadow Boxing: Governmentality, Performativity & Critique in Contemporary Art Practice
Creators: name: Nimarkoh, Virginia
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2006

description: Via Foucault's notion of governmentality, the thesis examines the impact of privatisation on contemporary art practice and considers the implications for critique under such conditions. I take up Brian Wallis' link between governmentality and the use of government subsidy and regulation as means of social control. I consider the effects of bureaucratisation on publicly funded art in America during the Reagan/Bush era, and the implications for `alternative' practice as a mode of dissent. Via Foucault's notion of critique as inherently paradoxical, dependent on power and reflexive, I examine Miwon Kwon's observation of the politically motivated artist's complicity within art world power relations. Using the 1993 Whitney Biennial as a case study, I discuss how the reformist strategies of alternative practice conflict with notions of autonomy, resistance and dissent. In response to this situation, I discuss contemporary artist David Hammons; specifically, aspects of his practice that confuse the relation between the work, its documentation and dissemination. Hammons' practice relates to Hal Foster's proposal for reflexivity within critique, which I link to Judith Butler's notion of `the performative'. Does Hammons' modus operandi circumvent the pitfalls that Kwon outlines? In my art practice, I use photography, curating, publishing and writing as modes of production. A major concern has been the tenability of the artwork as a social document. I also explore the relation between high and low culture; as such, aspects of the `everyday' often feature within my practice. Current work examines the idea of urban municipal park as a type of utopia. To me, such parks are socially diverse - in terms of class, race, gender, age, physical ability, etc. Equally, the park is one of the few urban spaces where it is socially acceptable to stop, and do nothing. I propose the municipal park as an antidote to the frenetic, consumer-led city.
Asien im Jahre 2050: Versuch einer virtuellen Umrißbestimmung
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Im vorliegenden Kapitel 7 geht es um die Frage, ob die asiatischen Kulturen und Lebensformen sich in ihrer Authentizität erhalten können oder ob sie am Ende nicht doch das Schicksal der Verwestlichung über sich ergehen lassen müssen.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1998
In der Nachfolge Maos und Dengs: Jiang Zemins politische Laufbahn
Creators: name: Liu, Jen-Kai
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Im Sommer 1989 erklomm Jiang Zemin die höchste Stufe in der chinesischen Parteihierarchie: Er trat als Nachfolger von Zhao Ziyang das Amt des ZK-Generalsekretärs an. Über seine Karriere hat Jiang Zemin einmal gesagt: „Ich bin auf der Treppe Stufe für Stufe hochgekommen. Bis heute habe ich an der Revolution teilgenommen. Ich habe 23 Jahre an der Basis gearbeitet, 19 Jahre in Führungsorganen.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1998
On supertranslation invariant Lorentz charges
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
name: Hoque, Sk Jahanur
name: Virmani, Amitabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent papers, Fuentealba, Henneaux, and Troessaert (FHT) gave definitions for supertranslation invariant Lorentz charges in the ADM Hamiltonian formalism and showed that their definitions match with the Chen, Wang, Yau (CWY) definitions of Lorentz charges at null infinity which are free from ``supertranslation ambiguities''. In this brief note, motivated by the analysis of FHT, we write expressions for the supertranslation invariant Lorentz charges in Beig-Schmidt variables at spacelike and timelike infinity. We present calculations, building upon the work of Compère, Gralla, and Wei (CGW), to show that our expressions for supertranslation invariant Lorentz charges match the CWY definitions at null infinity.
description: v2, minor revision, 15 pages, no figures, published in the special issue QG@RRI in Gen. Rel. Grav
Macau
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Die Regierung der chinesischen Sonderwirtschaftszone (SWZ) Zhuhai gab am 30. Dezember des vergangenen Jahres auf einer Pressekonferenz bekannt, daß Beijing ein Projekt zum Bau einer Brücke über die Mündung des Flusses Zhujiang zwischen Zhuhai und Hongkong beschlossen habe. Die Bauarbeiten an der 27 km langen und 33 m breiten Brücke (6 Spuren) sollen noch in diesem Jahr beginnen und bis 2004 abgeschlossen sein. Die Kosten wurden auf 16,6 Mrd. HK$ (umgerechnet über 2,1 Mrd. US$) geschätzt.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1998
Dynamical generation of electroweak scale from the conformal sector: A strongly coupled Higgs via the Dyson--Schwinger approach
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Arpan
name: Frasca, Marco
name: Ghoshal, Anish
name: Groote, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel pathway to generate the electroweak (EW) scale via non-perturbative dynamics of a conformally invariant scalar sector at the classical level. We provide a method to estimate the non-perturbative EW scale generation using the exact solution of the background equations of motion in a scalar theory via the Dyson-Schwinger approach. Particularly, we find an analytical result for the Higgs mass in the strongly coupled regime in terms of its quartic self interaction term and the cut-off scale of the theory. We also show that the Higgs sector is an essential part of the Standard Model as, without it, a Yang--Mills gauge theory cannot acquire mass even if a self-interaction term is present. Our analysis lead to a more realistic model building with possible solutions to the gauge hierarchy problem and, in general, to the dynamical generation of any scales scales in nature, be it the visible sector or the dark sector.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure; comments are welcome
Review of the finite difference Hartree-Fock method for atoms and diatomic molecules, and its implementation in the x2dhf program
Creators: name: Kobus, Jacek
name: Lehtola, Susi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive review of the two-dimensional finite difference Hartree--Fock (FD HF) method, and present its implementation in the newest version of X2DHF, the FD HF program for atoms and diatomic molecules. The program was originally published in Comput. Phys. Commun. in 1996, and was last revised in 2013. X2DHF can be used to obtain HF limit values of total energies and multipole moments for a wide range of diatomic molecules and their ions, using either point nuclei or a finite nuclear model. Polarizabilities ($α_{zz}$) and hyperpolarizabilities ($β_{zzz}$, $γ_{zzzz}$, ${A}_{z,zz}$, ${B}_{zz,zz}$) can also be computed by the program with the finite-field method. X2DHF has been extensively used in the literature to assess the accuracy of existing atomic basis sets and to help in developing new ones. As a new feature since the last revision, the program can now also perform Kohn-Sham density functional calculations with local and generalized gradient exchange-correlation functionals with the Libxc library of density functionals, enabling new types of studies. Furthermore, the initialization of calculations has been greatly simplified. As before, X2DHF can also perform one-particle calculations with (smooth) Coulomb, Green-Sellin-Zachor and Krammers-Henneberger potentials, while calculations with a superposition of atomic potentials have been added as a new feature. The program is easy to install from the GitHub repository and build via CMake using the x2dhfctl script that facilitates creating its single- and multiple-threaded versions, as well as building in Libxc support. Calculations can be carried out with X2DHF in double- or quadruple-precision arithmetic.
description: 119 pages, 16 figures
AI Mapping for Adding Value to Low-value Organ Meats
Creators: name: Tu, Christine
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 3006
subject: Food sciences

description: Participant in MIA Dragons Den with a 5-minute pitch to a panel of industry experts at the joint AgResearch-MIA Meat Innovation workshop in Palmerston North on 11th March 2025.
CNN-JEPA: Self-Supervised Pretraining Convolutional Neural Networks Using Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture
Creators: name: Kalapos, András
name: Gyires-Tóth, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become an important approach in pretraining large neural networks, enabling unprecedented scaling of model and dataset sizes. While recent advances like I-JEPA have shown promising results for Vision Transformers, adapting such methods to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) presents unique challenges. In this paper, we introduce CNN-JEPA, a novel SSL method that successfully applies the joint embedding predictive architecture approach to CNNs. Our method incorporates a sparse CNN encoder to handle masked inputs, a fully convolutional predictor using depthwise separable convolutions, and an improved masking strategy. We demonstrate that CNN-JEPA outperforms I-JEPA with ViT architectures on ImageNet-100, achieving a 73.3% linear top-1 accuracy using a standard ResNet-50 encoder. Compared to other CNN-based SSL methods, CNN-JEPA requires 17-35% less training time for the same number of epochs and approaches the linear and k-NN top-1 accuracies of BYOL, SimCLR, and VICReg. Our approach offers a simpler, more efficient alternative to existing SSL methods for CNNs, requiring minimal augmentations and no separate projector network.
description: Preprint
Dissecting a strongly coupled scalar nucleon
Creators: name: Cao, Xianghui
name: Li, Yang
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our investigation of the stress within a strongly coupled scalar nucleon, and now dissect the gravitational form factors into contributions from its constituents, the (mock) nucleon and the (mock) pion. The computation is based on a non-perturbative solution of the scalar Yukawa model in the light-front Hamiltonian formalism with a Fock sector expansion including up to one nucleon and two pions. By employing the ``good currents" $T^{++}_i$, $T^{+-}_i$ and $T^{12}_i$, we extract the full set of gravitational form factors $A_i$, $D_i$, $\bar c_i$ without the contamination of the spurious form factors, and free of uncanceled UV divergences. With these results, we decompose the mass of the system into its constituents and compute the matter and mechanical radii, gaining insights into the strongly coupled system.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; published in PRD
Competition between dimerization and vector chirality in the spin-$3/2$ $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg chain with uniaxial single-ion anisotropy
Creators: name: He, Ji-Lu
name: Eggert, Sebastian
name: Lin, Haiqing
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Hu, Shi-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-$3/2$ chain is a versatile prototypical platform for the study of competition between different kinds of magnetic orders, with the objective of obtaining a deeper understanding of the corresponding quantum phase transitions. In this work, we investigate the spin-$3/2$ chain with nearest-neighbor $J_1$, next-nearest-neighbor $J_2$, and uniaxial single-ion anisotropy $D$ terms in the absence of a magnetic field. For positive values of $J_2/J_1$ and $D/J_1$, we find seven different phases in a rich phase diagram. Without frustration $J_2=0$, a gapless Luttinger liquid phase remains stable for all $D>0$. As $J_2$ increases, we observe three phases with distinct dimerized valence bond orders, which show an intricate competition with vector chiral order and incommensurate correlations. For large $J_2$, regions of phase coexistence between the dimerized and vector chiral orders emerge. We present large-scale numerical data for the determination of transition lines, order parameters, and the nature of the phase transitions.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Measuring $σ_8$ using DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Emission-Line Galaxies and Planck CMB Lensing and the Impact of Dust on Parameter Inference
Creators: name: Karim, Tanveer
name: Singh, Sukhdeep
name: Rezaie, Mehdi
name: Eisenstein, Daniel
name: Hadzhiyska, Boryana
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Aguilar, Jessica Nicole
name: Ahlen, Steven
name: Brooks, David
name: Claybaugh, Todd
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
name: Gaztañaga, Enrique
name: Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A
name: Gutierrez, Gaston
name: Guy, Julien
name: Honscheid, Klaus
name: Juneau, Stephanie
name: Kirkby, David
name: Krolewski, Alex
name: Lambert, Andrew
name: Landriau, Martin
name: Levi, Michael
name: Meisner, Aaron
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Moustakas, John
name: Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea
name: Myers, Adam
name: Niz, Gustavo
name: Delabrouille, Nathalie Palanque
name: Percival, Will
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sanchez, Eusebio
name: Schlafly, Edward
name: Schlegel, David
name: Schubnell, Michael
name: Sprayberry, David
name: Tarlé, Gregory
name: Weaver, Benjamin Alan
name: Zou, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the growth of structure is a powerful probe for studying the dark sector, especially in light of the $σ_8$ tension between primary CMB anisotropy and low-redshift surveys. This paper provides a new measurement of the amplitude of the matter power spectrum, $σ_8$, using galaxy-galaxy and galaxy-CMB lensing power spectra of Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Imaging Surveys Emission-Line Galaxies and the $\textit{Planck}$ 2018 CMB lensing map. We create an ELG catalog composed of $24$ million galaxies and with a purity of $85\%$, covering a redshift range $0 < z < 3$, with $z_{\rm mean} = 1.09$. We implement several novel systematic corrections, such as jointly modeling the contribution of imaging systematics and photometric redshift uncertainties to the covariance matrix. We also study the impacts of various dust maps on cosmological parameter inference. We measure the cross-power spectra over $f_{\rm sky} = 0.25$ with a signal-to-background ratio of up to $ 30σ$. We find that the choice of dust maps to account for imaging systematics in estimating the ELG overdensity field has a significant impact on the final estimated values of $σ_8$ and $Ω_{\rm M}$, with far-infrared emission-based dust maps preferring $σ_8$ to be as low as $0.702 \pm 0.030$, and stellar-reddening-based dust maps preferring as high as $0.719 \pm 0.030$. The highest preferred value is at $\sim 3 σ$ tension with the $\textit{Planck}$ primary anisotropy results. These findings indicate a need for tomographic analyses at high redshifts and joint modeling of systematics.
description: Accepted and published in JCAP. 50 pages, 24 figures (figure data can be obtained at https://zenodo.org/records/13381499)
Cocoon shock breakout emission from binary neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Eduardo M.
name: Bhattacharya, Mukul
name: Radice, David
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shock breakout emission is among the first observable signals in a wide variety of astrophysical phenomena, including neutron star (NS) mergers, and it can be the dominant component in low-luminosity short $γ$-ray bursts, as exemplified by GRB 170817A. In this work, we investigate the cocoon shock breakout emission in NS mergers and how its signal depends on the outermost layers of the ejecta profile, which we derive from general relativistic radiation hydrodynamic simulations. We study the formation of the cocoon as a consequence of a relativistic jet propagating through the ejecta. To explore the influence of the outermost layers of the ejecta on the breakout emission, we explore cases where the ejecta has a sharp cutoff or an extended smooth tail. We find that the shock breakout emission is strongly influenced by the shape of the ejecta outer layers, with extended tails yielding results consistent with the observed properties of GRB 170817A, whereas sharp cutoffs overestimate the radiated energy. Using a Bayesian analysis, we estimate the best fit parameters of the central engine, considering both accreting black hole and magnetized neutron star scenarios. Our findings indicate a slight preference for the scenarios where the engine is a black hole. Our work probes the nature of neutron star mergers and highlights the importance of the shape of the ejecta profile in modeling early electromagnetic counterparts to these mergers.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. D
title: Molecular and immunological characterisation of two vaccine dominant antigens of Schistosoma mansoni.
Creators: name: Oldridge, J
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1995

description: Exposure to radiation attenuated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni induces immunologically mediated protection against a challenge infection. One approach towards the selection of putative vaccine candidate molecules has therefore been the identification of ’vaccine dominant' antigens. Such molecules can be defined as those which are recognised by sera from animals vaccinated with irradiated parasites but not by sera raised in non-immune animals harbouring a single sex infection. This thesis describes the immunological and molecular characterisation of a 16 kDa vaccine dominant schistosomula surface antigen of S.mansoni and a 15 kDa antigen found on all stages of the parasite which also meets this criteria. The 16 kDa antigen extracted from mechanically transformed schistosomula and subsequently purified by immunoaffinity chromatography was shown to be a glycoprotein which incorporates both protein and carbohydrate epitopes. The latter, which include the target of a passively protective monoclonal antibody (Bickle et at., 1986), bind the lectins peanut and ricin agglutinin and are believed to incorporate the monosaccharide N- acetylgalactosamine O-linked to the peptide core. Attempts to determine the amino acid sequence of the antigen by gas phase NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing have also suggested that the protein moiety of the 16 kDa antigen is N-terminally blocked. The immunoaffinity purified 16 kDa antigen was subsequently used to immunise groups of mice in conjunction with a number of different adjuvants. Significant, albeit low, levels of resistance were achieved following immunisation with the 16 kDa molecule plus the nova some adjuvant formulation. Clones encoding the 15 kDa antigen were identified during the screening of a cDNA sporocyst library with sera specific for low molecular weight antigens. Sequence obtained for the antigen showed that it had some homology to members of a calcium binding protein superfamily, although the 15 kDa antigen itself was unable to bind calcium. The cDNA encoding this antigen was subsequently subcloned into a vector suitable for expression and the resulting fusion protein was used to immunise mice. Sera raised in these mice recognised the native 15 kDa antigen by Western blotting. However, the mice were not protected against a challenge infection.
VR China und ihre Nachbarn: 2. Zentralasien
Creators: name: Block, Ulrike
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Bei der vorliegenden Kurzbibliographie handelt es sich um den zweiten Teil einer Serie, die in diesem Jahr in lockerer Reihenfolge erscheinen soll. Der erste Teil zu den Beziehungen der VR China zu den südasiatischen Ländern ist in China aktuell, (Dezember 1996), erschienen, die nächsten Teile werden sich mit den Beziehungen der VR China zu Rußland, zur Mongolei und zu den koreanischen Staaten befassen. In diesem Teil wurde in Kapitel 1 Literatur ab 1990 berücksichtigt, in den Kapiteln 2-6 zu den einzelnen zentralasiatischen Staaten allerdings nur Literatur ab 1995. Das erste Kapitel enthält Literatur zu Zentralasien und zu den Beziehungen der VR China zu den zentralasiatischen Republiken. Besonders berücksichtigt wurde dabei auch Literatur zur chinesischen Nordwestprovinz Xinjiang. Die Literatur in den übrigen Kapitel soll einen Einstieg in die gegenwärtige Situation der zentralasiatischen Republiken ermöglichen.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1997
Design of a CsI(Tl) Calorimeter for Muonium-to-Antimuonium Conversion Experiment
Creators: name: Chen, Siyuan
name: Zhao, Shihan
name: Xiong, Weizhi
name: Tian, Ye
name: Jiang, Hui
name: Ling, Jiacheng
name: Wang, Shishe
name: Tang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Muonium-to-Antimuonium Conversion Experiment (MACE) is proposed to search for charged lepton flavor violation and increase the sensitivity by more than two orders of magnitude compared to the MACS experiment at PSI in 1999. A clear signature of this conversion is the positron produced from antimuonium decay. This paper presents a near-$4π$-coverage calorimeter designed for MACE, which can provide an energy resolution of 10.8% at 511 keV, and a signal efficiency of 78.3% for annihilation $γ$-ray events. Detailed Monte-Carlo simulations using MACE offline software based on Geant4 are performed for geometry optimization, coincidence system design, background estimation, and benchmark detector validation.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Taiwan: Rückblick auf das Jahr der Ratte (1996)
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Nach dem traditionellen chinesischen Lunarkalender und der volkstümlichen Jahresbezeichnung war 1996 das Jahr der Ratte. In der Reihenfolge des astrologischen Zyklus von insgesamt zwölf Tieren steht die Ratte an erster Stelle und gilt daher als Anfang einer neuen Epoche.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1997
Multiple higher-order bandgaps in infrared polymer photonic crystals
Creators: name: Straub, M.
name: Ventura, M.
name: Gu, Min
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present a new type of polymer photonic crystals which feature a multitude of higher-order bandgaps in the mid and near infrared spectral region. The crystals are void channel microstructures. Photonic band structure calculations are carried out using an iterative eigensolver program. Their results are consistent with the Fourier transform infrared spectra measured in transmission and reflection and allow for the determination of structural parameters such as the channel cross section and the effective refractive index of the polymer material after fabrication. With increasing ratio of the layer spacing to the in-plane channel spacing the number of higher-order bandgaps rises, and transitions from mere resonant angle Bragg reflections to bandgap total reflection are observed. We emphasize the enormous potential for applications of these highly correlated infrared polymer photonic crystals.
Staat und Wirtschaftsverbände in der VR China
Creators: name: Hellwege, Christiane
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Seit Beginn der Wirtschaftsreformen ist in der Volksrepublik China eine Vielzahl neuer Vereinigungen entstanden, die sich in ganz unterschiedlichen wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Bereichen betätigen: Unternehmer- und Branchenverbände, Berufs- und Fachvereinigungen von Wissenschaftlern, Ingenieuren und Rechtsanwälten, verschiedenartige Stiftungen sowie zahllose Freizeitvereinigungen und seit neuestem sogar einige Umweltschutzgruppen. Mehr als 1.800 Verbände auf nationaler Ebene sowie etwa 200.000 Vereinigungen und Verbandszweigstellen auf Provinz- und Kreisebene waren im Jahr 1995 registriert.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1997
A Large-$N$ Approach to Magnetic Impurities in Superconductors
Creators: name: Huang, Chen-How
name: Lobos, Alejandro M.
name: Cazalilla, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin impurities coupled to superconductors are under intense investigation for their relevance to fundamental research as well as the prospects to engineer novel quantum phases of matter. Here we develop a large-$N$ mean-field theory of a strongly coupled spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ quantum impurity in a conventional $s$-wave superconductor. The approach is benchmarked against Wilson's numerical renormalization group (NRG). While the large-$N$ method is not applicable in the weak-coupling regime where the Kondo temperature $T_K$ is smaller than the superconducting gap $Δ$, it performs very well in the strong coupling regime where $T_K \gtrsim Δ$, thus allowing to obtain a reasonably accurate description of experimentally relevant quantities. The latter includes the energy of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov subgap states, their spectral weight, as well as the local density of continuum states. The method provides a reliable analytical tool that complements other perturbative and non-perturbative methods, and can be extended to more complex impurity models for which NRG may be not easily applicable.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Gesetz über Partnerschaftsunternehmen der Volksrepublik China
Creators: name: Jahn, Christian Hendrik
name: Kaspar, Dominik
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Der Ständige Ausschuß des 8. Nationalen Volkskongresses (NVK) hat auf seiner 24. Sitzung am 23.02.1997 das „Gesetz über Partnerschaftsunternehmen der VR China“ (Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo hehuo qiye fa) verabschiedet. 1 Es ist seit dem 01.08.1997 in Kraft. Es enthält neun Kapitel mit insgesamt 78 Artikeln.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1998
Macau: Zwei Jahre vor der Rückgabe an China
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Nach der „Gemeinsamen Erklärung“ zwischen Lissabon und Beijing von 1987 wird die portugiesische Enklave in zwei Jahren, am 20. Dezember 1999, an die VR China zurückgegeben. Das Territorium, 60 km südwestlich von Hongkong, umfaßt eine Fläche von 21,45 qkm, davon die Halbinsel Macau 7,84 qkm sowie die in deren Süden vorgelagerten Inseln Taipa 5,79 qkm und Coloane 7,82 qkm.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1998
Asien im Jahre 2050: Versuch einer virtuellen Umrißbestimmung
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Kapitel 1 hat ein virtuelles Panoramabild Asiens im 21. Jh. präsentiert. In Kapitel 2 sind die potentiellen Träger künftiger Entscheidungen und in Kapitel 3 die aller Erwartung nach voraussichtlich in den Vordergrund tretenden Themen skizziert worden. Kapitel 4 hat die wirtschafts-, die politik- und die sozialstrategischen Strategien präsentiert. Kapitel 5 behandelte Stilfragen, wobei Abschnitt 1 die Perspektive von unten nach oben beleuchtete, also jene Erwartungen skizzierte, die von der Basis an die Führungselite herangetragen werden, während Abschnitt 2 die umgekehrte Blickrichtung bezog und die Verhaltenserwartung der Führung gegenüber der Bevölkerung beschrieb. In Kapitel 6 schwenkt der Scheinwerfer weg von äußeren Verfahrensmodalitäten und Ritualen hin zu den inneren Bestimmungsgründen, also zu den Grundsätzen, Motiven und Wertehaltungen, deren „kulturelle“ Ausprägung erst begreifbar werden läßt, warum sich die Angehörigen einer Kultur in dieser oder jener Situation so - und nicht anders - verhalten.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1998
In der Nachfolge Maos und Dengs: Jiang Zemins politische Laufbahn
Creators: name: Liu, Jen-Kai
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Am 11. Juni 1985 kam Jiang Zemin wieder nach Shanghai, nachdem er in Beijing als Minister für Elektronikindustrie von Li Tieying 1 abgelöst worden war. Am Tag darauf ging Jiang Zemin morgens gleich auf einen Gemüsemarkt, um sich einen Überblick über die Versorgungslage zu verschaffen. Am übernächsten Tag drängte er sich in einen normalen Bus, weil er die Verkehrssituation kennenlernen wollte. Um auf seinen Erkundungen nicht erkannt zu werden, trug er oft zu seiner großen dunklen Brille eine tief heruntergezogene Schirmmütze. Die Verkehrsverhältnisse waren katastrophal, dies zeigte sich besonders nach einem verheerenden Unwetter zu Beginn seiner Tätigkeit als Bürgermeister dieser Metropole.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1998
Macau
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Offiziellen Angaben der Macauer Statistikbehörde (Macao Census and Sta- tistics Department) zufolge sind die Exporte der portugiesischen Enklave wertmäßig in den elf Monaten von Januar bis November 1997 gegenüber dem gleichen Vorjahreszeitraum weiter um 8,7% auf 15,5 Mrd. Patacas (umgerechnet rd. 1,94 Mrd. US$) gestiegen. Auf der anderen Seite erhöhte sich der Importwert beim selben Vergleich um 3,3% auf 15,1 Mrd. Patacas (rd. 1,89 Mrd. US$). Daraus ergab sich in der Bilanz ein Handelsüberschuß von 392 Mio. Patacas (49 Mio. US$).
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Januar 1998
Black hole singularity resolution in unimodular gravity from unitarity
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Menéndez-Pidal, Lucía
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum dynamics of an interior planar AdS (anti-de Sitter) black hole, requiring unitarity in the natural time coordinate conjugate to the cosmological "constant of motion" appearing in unimodular gravity. Both the classical singularity and the horizon are replaced by a non-singular highly quantum region; semiclassical notions of spacetime evolution are only valid in an intermediate region. For the singularity, our results should be applicable to general black holes: unitarity in unimodular time always implies singularity resolution.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, APS style; v2: minor changes in presentation, accepted in Physical Review Letters, v3: added Mathematica notebook