cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory of Superjunction Devices
Creators: name: Kang, Hyemin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Power device
MOSFETs
Superjunction
Analytic model
Figures of Merit
Dynamic
Capacitance

description: Since the first ideal specific resistance model by Fujihira in 1997 and the first commercial superjunction MOSFET by Infineon technology in 1998, the technology and the understanding of superjunction devices have been gradually progressed. Although Fujihira’s ideal model was developed to estimate the specific on-state resistance at a given cell pitch as a function of the breakdown voltage, the model does not work for sub micro cell pitches because it does not consider the parasitic junction field effect transistor (JFET) presented in the superjunction. Fujihira’s model assumes the limit of the minimum cell pitch, by saying that the specific resistance can be decreased indefinitely with decreasing the cell pitch. In 2018, the first universal model for the specific on-state resistance of a superjunction MOSFET including the parasitic JFET effect was derived by H. Kang and F. Udrea. This model employs the classical JFET theory into the superjunction structure and clearly presents the true limit of the cell pitch of superjunction MOSFETs, as well as the specific resistance for different semiconductor materials. The classical JFET theory can be also applied to various superjunction structures and the detailed derivation process is described in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, an advance device structure, three-dimensional (3-D) superjunction MOSFET, is introduced. To understand the superior performance of 3-D superjunction MOSFET, radial Poisson equation is employed. From theses mathematical calculation, it can be clearly seen that the 3-D superjunction is able to decrease the specific on-state resistance by half of the 2-D. In Chapter 4, based on the depletion process of superjunction during the switching, the inner circuit models for capacitance are provided. From the inner circuit models, typical capacitance curves with respect to the applied bias are drawn and they are expressed in terms of material parameters.
description: On-Semiconductor Inc.
New challenge for competitiveness of an agro-food company: to gain global competitive advantage
Creators: name: Smělíková, Edita
name: Smělíková, Edita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: globalization
subject: competitiveness
subject: competitive advantage
subject: star analysis
subject: agro-food sector

description: As globalization continues its rapid pace, business managers must have tools and expertise to discover new ways to obtain gains from trade and new ways to reduce the costs of trade. It is necessary to adopt original approaches, capabilities, and strategies to succeed in world markets. Developing international knowledge is the foremost management challenge in the emerging global market place. The aim of this paper is to introduce the ‘Star Analysis’ as a method for applying this knowledge to obtain international competitive advantage. The results have been developed by the research project MSM 6215648904 ‘The Czech Economy in the Process of Integration and Globalisation, and the Development of Agricultural Sector and the Sector of Services under the New Conditions of the Integrated European Market’ of Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies.
"Le lacrime di san Pietro", ambito romano, inv. 533 (ITA/EN)
Creators: name: MARTINI, ELISA
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2025

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
Electron EM-mass melting in strong fields
Creators: name: Evans, Stefan
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the response of the electron mass to an externally applied electrical field. As a consequence of nonlinear electromagnetic (EM) effective action, the mass of a particle diminishes in the presence of an externally applied electric field. We consider modification of the muon anomalous magnetic moment $g-2$ due to electron loop insert in higher order. Since the virtual electron pair is in close proximity to the muon, it experiences strong field phenomena. We show that the current theory-experiment muon $g-2$ discrepancy could originate in the (virtual) electron mass \textit{non-perturbative} modification by the strong muon EM field. The magnitude of the electron mass modification can be also assessed via enhancement of $e^+e^-$-pair production in strong fields.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Additional file 1 of Evolutionary directions of single nucleotide substitutions and structural mutations in the chloroplast genomes of the family Calycanthaceae
Creators: name: Dong, Wenpan
name: Xu, Chao
name: Wen, Jun
name: Zhou, Shiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sample accession numbers of the four species in Calycanthaceae analyzed in this study and their localities with voucher information.
Duponchelia Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Duponchelia

description: 147. Duponchelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 531.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Duponchelia silvestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863; Duponchelia infuscata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Duponchelia silvestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, by subsequent designation (Townsend, 1916: 6).
 CURRENT STATUS: Preoccupied by Zeller, 1847; senior (but invalid) synonym of Parasetigena Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 139)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on pages 66-67
Prospects of table eggs production in Belarus
Creators: name: Sytchevnik, Anna
name: Golovkov, Vladimir
name: Sytchevnik, Anna
name: Golovkov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: egg production
subject: poultry farming
subject: production efficiency
subject: efficiency factors.

description: Problems of development of egg production in Belarus are considered. Dynamics of volume of egg production is considered for the period of 1995-2009. Results of production and sale of eggs by integrated (mass production) poultry farms are analyzed by means of a correlation method.
Gradual Network for Single Image De-raining
Creators: name: Huang, Zhe
name: Yu, Weijiang
name: Zhang, Wayne
name: Feng, Litong
name: Xiao, Nong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most advances in single image de-raining meet a key challenge, which is removing rain streaks with different scales and shapes while preserving image details. Existing single image de-raining approaches treat rain-streak removal as a process of pixel-wise regression directly. However, they are lacking in mining the balance between over-de-raining (e.g. removing texture details in rain-free regions) and under-de-raining (e.g. leaving rain streaks). In this paper, we firstly propose a coarse-to-fine network called Gradual Network (GraNet) consisting of coarse stage and fine stage for delving into single image de-raining with different granularities. Specifically, to reveal coarse-grained rain-streak characteristics (e.g. long and thick rain streaks/raindrops), we propose a coarse stage by utilizing local-global spatial dependencies via a local-global subnetwork composed of region-aware blocks. Taking the residual result (the coarse de-rained result) between the rainy image sample (i.e. the input data) and the output of coarse stage (i.e. the learnt rain mask) as input, the fine stage continues to de-rain by removing the fine-grained rain streaks (e.g. light rain streaks and water mist) to get a rain-free and well-reconstructed output image via a unified contextual merging sub-network with dense blocks and a merging block. Solid and comprehensive experiments on synthetic and real data demonstrate that our GraNet can significantly outperform the state-of-the-art methods by removing rain streaks with various densities, scales and shapes while keeping the image details of rain-free regions well-preserved.
description: In Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM 2019)
Injection of a cold atomic beam into a magnetic guide
Creators: name: Roos, C. F.
name: Cren, P.
name: Lahaye, T.
name: Dalibard, J.
name: Guéry-Odelin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the continuous or pulsed loading of a slow and cold atomic beam into a magnetic guide. In order to optimize the transfer into the guide, we have studied two coupling schemes. The first one is based on an auxiliary two-dimensional MOT that confines the atoms transversally before they enter the guide. However, for low atomic velocities, the atoms are strongly heated in the longitudinal direction. This limitation does not occur in the second coupling scheme which relies on magnetic confinement in the transfer zone. For this purpose, we have constructed a miniature magnetic guide located between the atomic source and the long magnetic guide. The latter scheme allows to inject atoms with velocities down to 70 cm/s into the guide.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Laser Physics, proceedings LPHYS'02, Bratislava, 2002
Vogais anteriores arredondadas no crioulo haitiano e sua indexação social
Creators: name: Pinto Silva, Bruno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Crioulo Haitiano; Fonologia; Modelos de Exemplares; Sociofonética. Vogais.

description: A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo contribuir para a descrição fonético-fonológica do crioulo haitiano (CH). Apesar de o CH estar entre as línguas crioulas mais bem descritas, essa língua ainda é subestudada, especialmente em fonologia, como a maioria dos crioulos (MUYSKEN; VEENSTRA, 1994; SMITH, 2008). Além de pouco estudada, a fonologia do CH conta apenas com descrições impressionísticas. Assim, entendemos que o avanço teórico-metodológico nas áreas da fonética e fonologia tem muito a contribuir para a revisita à descrição da fonologia dessa língua. O recorte da presente pesquisa foca em olhar especialmente para uma questão social que hipotetizamos estar ligada ao arredondamento das vogais anteriores. Essas vogais, apesar de não criarem oposição na língua, são atestadas em algumas descrições como alofônicas e até recebem status fonêmico em Férère (1977) (HALL, 1953; VALDMAN, 1978). Reconhecendo o prestígio das variedades ditas acroletais (mais próximas do francês) em relação às variedades basiletais (mais afastadas do francês), entendemos que há grandes chances de a nossa pesquisa revelar, por meio de testes de atitude e entrevistas sociolinguísticas, que as vogais [y ø œ] são empregadas por motivo de prestígio. A presente pesquisa adota a abordagem dos Modelos de Exemplares em que a representação fonológica detalhada capta aspectos de indexação social e de identidade sociolinguística do falante (JOHNSON, 1997; BYBEE, 2001; PIERREHUMBERT, 2001; FOULKES; DOCHERTY, 2006).
Supplementary figures from Spatial connectivity in mosquito-borne disease models: a systematic review of methods and assumptions
Creators: name: Lee, Sophie A.
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: W. John Edmunds
name: Economou, Theodoros
name: Lowe, Rachel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Figures S1 and S2
Microbiota regulate short chain fatty acids and influence histone acylations in intestinal epithelial cells.
Creators: name: Fellows, Rachel Claire
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Crotonylation
histone modification
acetylation
microbiota
intestine
H4K8ac

description: The intestinal microbiota have a vital role in aiding digestion by metabolising dietary fibres. In this process, they produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate, an important energy source for intestinal epithelial cells. SCFAs are chemically related to histone acylations, a growing number of post-translational modifications that include histone acetylation, butyrylation and crotonylation. Histone post-translational modifications are thought to be involved in the regulation of gene expression as they can specifically recruit transcription factors and chromatin remodellers. Histone acylations are abundant in the intestine and are associated with active chromatin. In this project, I have identified that butyrate can upregulate histone acylations in both colon carcinoma cells and intestinal organoids in a dynamic manner. In addition, I identified that class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are efficient histone decrotonylases. I have achieved this through a combination of biological analysis of the effects of treatment with HDAC inhibitors and in vitro analysis of purified proteins, which enabled determination of kinetic parameters. When investigating how SCFAs could influence histone acylations in vivo, I identified that antibiotic induced depletion of the microbiota in mice caused reduction in luminal SCFA concentration and global changes in histone acetylation and crotonylation, particularly those at histone H4. RNA-sequencing of these mice identified changes in the expression of genes which were involved in many important biological processes, such as cell signalling, energy generation and metabolism. Further to this, I studied lysine crotonylation and H4K8 acetylation at dysregulated genes to understand the how the presence of these modifications at the promoter influences gene expression in this context. These intriguing findings suggest that histone acylations could act as a nutrient sensors to couple changes in microbiota composition to that of gene expression and cellular function.
LB-1 is inconsistent with the X-ray source population and pulsar-black hole binary searches in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Kilpatrick, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If confirmed, a wide binary system of 70 $M_{\odot}$ black hole (BH) and an 8 $M_{\odot}$ main sequence star (LB-1) is observed to reside in the Milky Way (MW). We show that long term evolution of an 8 $M_{\odot}$ star around a BH with mass between 5-70 $M_{\odot}$ makes them visible as ultra-luminous X-ray (ULX) sources in the sky. Given the expected ULX phase lifetime ($\approx0.1$ Myr) and their lack of detection in the MW, we conclude that the frequency of an 8-20 $M_{\odot}$ star to be in binary around a stellar mass BH should be less than ($f<2\times10^{-3}$). This is in tension with Liu et al. (2019) claimed detection frequency of LB-1 like system around 8-20$M_{\odot}$ stars ($f\approx3\times10^{-2}$). Moreover, the 8 $M_{\odot}$ star is likely to end as a neutron star (NS) born with a very small kick from an electron capture supernova (ECSN), leaving behind a wide NS-BH binary. So far less than 1\% of all the detectable pulsars in the MW are mapped and there has been no detection of any pulsars in binary systems around BHs which sets an upper bound of about 100 possible pulsar-BH systems in the MW. We show if the NS is born from ECSN, a frequency upper limit of ($f=5\times10^{-4}$) for stars with masses $\approx 8-20~M_{\odot}$ in the MW to have a BH companion. The rate discrepancy will further increase as more pulsars are mapped in the MW, yet these searches would not be able to rule out the Liu et al. detection frequency if NSs are instead born in core collapse SNe with the commonly inferred high kick velocities.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
The present and future aspects of the Common Agricultural Policy; the Polish position
Creators: name: Krzyżanowski, Julian Tadeusz
name: Krzyżanowski, Julian Tadeusz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: agriculture
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: Financial Perspective

description: The paper deals with the future of the EU Common Agricultural Policy. The New Financial Perspective (2007-2013) is being discussed. The paper is supplemented by analysis of the impact of the 2003 reform on the most important markets. Final part of the paper deals with a presentation of Poland’s position with regard to the future of CAP.
Picture-books, Politics & Pedagogy: Illustrating Histories for a Young Reader, 1338-40 (British Library, Egerton MS 3028)
Creators: name: Jeffs, Amy
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medieval
Medieval Literature
Medieval Art
Medieval Art History
Paideia
Reception
Manuscripts
Medieval Manscript
Manuscript Studies
Narrative Art
Illustrating Literature
Book Art
Illumination
Pen and Wash
Pedagogy
Chivalry
Medieval Children's Literature
Children's Literature
Chansons de Geste
Fierabras
Roman de Brut
Matter of Britain
Matter of France
Wace
Charlemagne
Arthur
Merlin
Models
Copying
Hundred Years' War
Brut
Geoffrey of Monmouth

description: Egerton MS 3028 (dated 1338-40, hereafter Egerton) contains three illustrated Anglo- Norman poems: the Roman de Brut (Wace’s translation of Geoffrey of Monmouth’s History of the Kings of Britain) and two Fierabras narratives, set in the age of Charlemagne. The former is continued to the years 1338-40 and its conclusion is partisan, celebrating Edward II and the Despensers and praying for Edward III’s victory. Egerton’s poems span 118 folios and are illustrated with 120 pen and wash miniatures. The use of the royal heraldry of England and France throughout encourages the volume to be read in the light of the contemporary Anglo-French conflict. The present study reviews and builds upon the little scholarly attention Egerton has received to date. It explores its close relationship with Hannover MS IV 578, the nature of the Brut’s textual adaptations, how these adaptations were shaped for its imagery, and for whom it may have been made. I argue Egerton was produced for a young male reader of the English nobility. I suggest that reader was Edmund Fitzalan, son of Isabel le Despenser and Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel. Egerton’s political agenda reflects that of the small corpus of earlier illustrated Brut manuscripts. In appearance, however, it is most like manuscripts containing illustrated tales of ancient military adventure, which I argue preserve the legacy of Greek paideia. The effect of combining these traditions is to imply Edward III’s wars have legendary potential, while offering an entertaining catalogue of historical exempla. In several of the manuscripts I discuss, including Egerton, medieval readers have pierced images of traitors with pins and blades. The damage reveals sensitivity to contemporary metaphors surrounding kingship. Moreover, it reinforces the sense that Egerton is a member of a corpus of books defined not by textual genre but by intended function, a function to which images were instrumental.
description: Full Scholarship from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
MOESM2 of Investigation of urban birds as source of Î˛-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Marseille city, France
Creators: name: Edgarthe Ngaiganam
name: Pagnier, Isabelle
name: Chaalal, Wafaa
name: Thongpan Leangapichart
name: Chabou, Selma
name: Jean-Marc Rolain
name: Seydina Diene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Sampling details according to the investigated locations.
Additional file 4 of PRagMatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced vs nOrmaL Saline FlUid in Sepsis: study protocol for the PRoMPT BOLUS randomized interventional trial
Creators: name: Weiss, Scott L.
name: Balamuth, Fran
name: Long, Elliot
name: Thompson, Graham C.
name: Hayes, Katie L.
name: Katcoff, Hannah
name: Cook, Marlena
name: Tsemberis, Elena
name: Hickey, Christopher P.
name: Williams, Amanda
name: Williamson-Urquhart, Sarah
name: Borland, Meredith L.
name: Dalziel, Stuart R.
name: Gelbart, Ben
name: Freedman, Stephen B.
name: Babl, Franz E.
name: Huang, Jing
name: Kuppermann, Nathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Analysis Plan for Secondary Outcomes
Detectability of 21cm signal during the Epoch of Reionization with 21cm-Lyman-$α$ emitter cross-correlation. III. Model dependence
Creators: name: Kubota, Kenji
name: Inoue, Akio. K.
name: Hasegawa, Kenji
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting $\rm H_I$ 21cm line in the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) suffers from foreground contamination such as Galactic synchrotron and extragalactic radio sources. Cross-correlation between the 21cm line and Lyman-$α$ emitter (LAE) galaxies is a powerful tool to identify the 21cm signal since the 21cm line emission has correlation with LAEs while the LAEs are statistically independent of the foregrounds. So far, the detectability of 21cm-LAE cross-power spectrum has been investigated with simple LAE models where the observed Ly$α$ luminosity is proportional to the dark matter halo mass. However, the previous models were inconsistent with the latest observational data of LAEs obtained with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC). Here, we revisit the detectability of 21cm-LAE cross-power spectrum adopting a state-of-the-art LAE model consistent with all Subaru/HSC observations such as the Ly$α$ luminosity function, LAE angular auto-correlation, and the LAE fractions in the continuum selected galaxies. We find that resultant cross-power spectrum with the updated LAE model is reduced at small scales ($k\sim 1\ \rm Mpc^{-1}$) compared to the simple models, while the amplitudes at large scales ($k \lesssim 0.2 \ \rm Mpc^{-1}$) are not affected so much. We conclude that the large-scale signal would be detectable with Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and HSC LAE cross-correlation but detecting the small scale signal would require an extended HSC LAE survey with an area of $\sim 75\ \rm deg^2$ or 3000 hrs observation time of 21cm line with SKA.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Feasibility study of the quasi-free creation of the eta-prime meson in the reaction pn --> pn eta-prime
Creators: name: Moskal, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The feasibility of an investigation of the pn --> pn eta-prime reaction by means of the COSY-11 internal target facility is discussed. Appraisals are based on the assumption of the quasi-free reactions of beam protons, circulating in the cooler synchrotron COSY, with neutrons from a windowless deuteron cluster target.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, Talk at Symposium on Threshold Meson Production in p p and p d Interaction (COSY-11), Cracow, Poland, 20-24 June 2001
Rural houses heating costs
Creators: name: Manteuffel Szoege, Henryk
name: Manteuffel Szoege, Henryk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: house heating
subject: annual cost
subject: heat pump
subject: electric boiler
subject: coal burning furnace
subject: oil fuelled boiler
subject: straw burning furnace
subject: wood burning furnace
subject: liquid gas fuelled boiler
subject: earth gas fuelled boiler

description: Average full (including capital, operation and maintenance costs) annual heating costs in a 2 standard family house with 180 m of floor surface are compared for various heating systems under the Polish economic conditions. The compared heating technologies comprise water to water and ground loop heat pumps with both vertical and horizontal loops, a liquid gas combustion furnace, an earth gas combustion furnace, a coal combustion furnace, a straw combustion furnace, a wood combustion furnace and an electric stove. A sensitivity analysis with regard to the interest rate and the value of owner’s work did not change the general conclusion that in most cases heat pumps were the cheapest, while oil and coal burning furnaces or an electric boiler the most expensive solutions. The cost of own labour was decisive for the appraisal of labour intensive systems.
Evaluating visually grounded language capabilities using microworlds
Creators: name: Kuhnle, Alexander Oswald
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: machine learning
evaluation methodology
artificial data

description: Deep learning has had a transformative impact on computer vision and natural language processing. As a result, recent years have seen the introduction of more ambitious holistic understanding tasks, comprising a broad set of reasoning abilities. Datasets in this context typically act not just as application-focused benchmark, but also as basis to examine higher-level model capabilities. This thesis argues that emerging issues related to dataset quality, experimental practice and learned model behaviour are symptoms of the inappropriate use of benchmark datasets for capability-focused assessment. To address this deficiency, a new evaluation methodology is proposed here, which specifically targets in-depth investigation of model performance based on configurable data simulators. This focus on analysing system behaviour is complementary to the use of monolithic datasets as application-focused comparative benchmarks. Visual question answering is an example of a modern holistic understanding task, unifying a range of abilities around visually grounded language understanding in a single problem statement. It has also been an early example for which some of the aforementioned issues were identified. To illustrate the new evaluation approach, this thesis introduces ShapeWorld, a diagnostic data generation framework. Its design is guided by the goal to provide a configurable and extensible testbed for the domain of visually grounded language understanding. Based on ShapeWorld data, the strengths and weaknesses of various state-of-the-art visual question answering models are analysed and compared in detail, with respect to their ability to correctly handle statements involving, for instance, spatial relations or numbers. Finally, three case studies illustrate the versatility of this approach and the ShapeWorld generation framework: an investigation of multi-task and curriculum learning, a replication of a psycholinguistic study for deep learning models, and an exploration of a new approach to assess generative tasks like image captioning.
description: Qualcomm Award Premium Research Studentship, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Doctoral Training Studentship
title: Beyond antibody engineering: directed evolution of alternative binding scaffolds and enzymes using yeast surface display
Creators: name: Könning, Doreen
name: Kolmar, Harald
Publisher: name: Biomed Central - Part of Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description: Pioneered exactly 20 years ago, yeast surface display (YSD) continues to take a major role in protein engineering among the high-throughput display methodologies that have been developed to date. The classical yeast display technology relies on tethering an engineered protein to the cell wall by genetic fusion to one subunit of a dimeric yeast-mating agglutination receptor complex. This method enables an efficient genotype–phenotype linkage while exploiting the benefits of a eukaryotic expression machinery. Over the past two decades, a plethora of protein engineering efforts encompassing conventional antibody Fab and scFv fragments have been reported. In this review, we will focus on the versatility of YSD beyond conventional antibody engineering and, instead, place the focus on alternative scaffold proteins and enzymes which have successfully been tailored for purpose with regard to improving binding, activity or specificity.
Propagation of UHECRs from the Sources in the Super-Galactic Plane
Creators: name: Ide, Y.
name: Nagataki, S.
name: Tsubaki, S.
name: Yoshiguchi, H.
name: Sato, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed the detailed numerical simulations on the propagation of the UHE protons in the energy range $E=(10^{19.5} - 10^{22.0}$) eV in the relatively strong extra-galactic magnetic field with strength $B= (10, 100)$ nG within about 40 Mpc. In this case, the deflection angles of UHECRs become so large that the no counterparts problem is simply solved. As for the source distribution, we assumed that it is proportional to the number distribution of galaxies within the GZK sphere. We have found many clusters, which mean the small-scale anisotropy, in our simulations. It has been also shown that the observed energy spectrum is well reproduced in our models without any fine-tuned parameter. We have used the correlation value in order to investigate statistically the similarity between the distribution of arrival directions of UHECRs and that of galaxies. We have found that each correlation value for each parameter set begins to converge when the number of the detected events becomes ${\large O}(10^3)$. Since the expected number counts by the experiment of the next generation such as TA, HiRes, Auger, and EUSO are thought to be the order of $10^3$, we will be able to determine the source distribution and values of the parameters in this study in the very near future. Compared with the AGASA data, the significant anisotropy on the arrival directions of UHECRs are found in the analysis of first and second harmonics. This may originate from the incompleteness of the ORS database. This problem may be also solved if the source distribution is slightly changed. For example, this problem may be solved if we assume that UHECRs come from some of the galaxies such as AGNs and radio galaxies.
description: 32 pages and 20 postscript figures. submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Role of extension service in implementation of agricultural and environmental programmes in Podkarpacie region
Creators: name: Miś, Teresa
name: Miś, Teresa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: advisory
subject: agricultural and environmental programmes
subject: EU Common Agriculture Policy

description: Importance of extension ervices in the realization of agricultural and environmental undertakings in Podkarpacie region is assessed. Results obtained from the study indicate that farmers in Podkarpacie are actively searching funds for and participating in agricultural and environmental programmes. Agricultural and environment advisors play important role in that process, mainly by organizing training workshops, as well as by preparing respective applications and agricultural and environmental plans.
Duvaucelia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Tritoniidae
Duvaucelia

description: 148. Duvaucelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 227.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Duvaucelia bicincta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.
 TYPE SPECIES: Duvaucelia bicincta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Preoccupied by Risso, 1826; junior synonym of Lophosia Meigen, 1824 [teste Crosskey (1977: 594)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 67
MOESM2 of Tumor cell sensitivity to vemurafenib can be predicted from protein expression in a BRAF-V600E basket trial setting
Creators: name: Carroll, Molly
name: Parent, Carl
name: Page, David
name: Kreeger, Pamela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Summary of prediction performance from regression models.
Characterisation of the conformational landscape of the β1-adrenergic receptor and development of a strategy towards NMR studies of the protease-activated receptor 1
Creators: name: Frei, Jan Niclas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: G protein-coupled receptor
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
β1-adrenergic receptor
Protease-activated receptor 1
Second harmonic generation

description: The research conducted for this thesis was aimed at providing a comprehensive description of the dynamic and conformational landscape of the minimally thermostabilised avian β1-adrenergic receptor (tβ1AR) using solution state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The tβ1AR is a class A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and the human counterpart is an important drug target in diseases of the heart. In chapter 2, a wide range of constructs, labelling reagents and conditions were tested to make the tβ1AR accessible to 19F NMR spectroscopy. The conditions optimised in chapter 2 were used in chapter 3 to conduct comprehensive 19F NMR studies investigating the conformational plasticity of the cytoplasmic ends of transmembrane domains 6 and 7. Both domains have previously been proposed to be important structural hotspots for conformational changes during the activation of the receptor. The work described in chapter 3 tests the conformational response of both domains in response to a range of ligands and a Gs protein mimicking nanobody. The data obtained suggested that the cytoplasmic ends of the receptor sample through several inactive, pre-active and signalling active states and the populations of these states are tightly controlled by the Gs efficacies of ligands and the binding of intracellular binding partners. The results will help to explain how extracellular signals are conformationally transmitted through the receptor to the cytoplasmic face of the receptor. In chapter 4, I complemented the results obtained in the NMR spectroscopic studies of chapter 3 with structural data obtained through second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy. In a final step in chapter 5, the knowledge gained from working with the tβ1AR has been applied to initiate an investigation of the conformational plasticity of a second GPCR target, the human Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1). The PAR1 is mostly associated with regulation of haemostasis and as such a high potential target for clinical research. I established the construct, expression, purification and 19F labelling of the PAR1 and obtained initial 19F NMR spectra. The work is an important step towards understanding the PAR1 conformational landscape.
description: Herchel Smith Fund
Double-Janus Linear Sigma Models and Generalized Reciprocity for Gauss Sums
Creators: name: Ganor, Ori J.
name: Sun, Hao-Yu
name: Torres-Chicon, Nesty R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the supersymmetric partition function of a 2d linear $σ$-model whose target space is a torus with a complex structure that varies along one worldsheet direction and a Kähler modulus that varies along the other. This setup is inspired by the dimensional reduction of a Janus configuration of 4d $\mathcal{N}=4$ $U(1)$ Super-Yang-Mills theory compactified on a mapping torus ($T^2$ fibered over $S^1$) times a circle with an $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ duality wall inserted on $S^1$, but our setup has minimal supersymmetry. The partition function depends on two independent elements of $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$, one describing the duality twist, and the other describing the geometry of the mapping torus. It is topological and can be written as a multivariate quadratic Gauss sum. By calculating the partition function in two different ways, we obtain identities relating different quadratic Gauss sums, generalizing the {\it Landsberg-Schaar} relation. These identities are a subset of a collection of identities discovered by F. Deloup. Each identity contains a phase which is an eighth root of unity, and we show how it arises as a Berry phase in the supersymmetric Janus-like configuration. Supersymmetry requires the complex structure to vary along a semicircle in the upper half-plane, as shown by Gaiotto and Witten in a related context, and that semicircle plays an important role in reproducing the correct Berry phase.
description: 66pp; Appendix C.2-C.4 enriched, hyperlinks fixed, refs updated
The Embedded Super Star Cluster of SBS0335-052
Creators: name: Plante, Stephanie
name: Sauvage, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the infrared (6-100 micron) spectral energy distribution of the blue compact dwarf and metal-poor (Z=Z_solar/41) galaxy SBS0335-052. With the help of DUSTY (Ivezic et al. 1999), a program that solves the radiation transfer equations in a spherical environment, we evaluate that the infrared (IR) emission of SBS0335-052 is produced by an embedded super-star cluster (SSC) hidden under 10^5 M_solar of dust, causing 30 mag of visual extinction. This implies that one cannot detect any stellar emission from the 2x10^6 M_solar stellar cluster even at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. The derived grain size distribution departs markedly from the widely accepted size distribution inferred for dust in our galaxy (the so-called MRN distribution, Mathis et al. 1977), but resembles what is seen around AGNs, namely an absence of PAH and smaller grains, and grains that grow to larger sizes (around 1 micron). The fact that a significant amount of dust is present in such a low-metallicity galaxy, hiding from UV and optical view most of the star formation activity in the galaxy, and that the dust size distribution cannot be reproduced by a standard galactic law, should be borne in mind when interpreting the spectrum of primeval galaxies.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures,accepted for publication in AJ
Development of the Single Area Payments Scheme in the Visegrad Countries
Creators: name: Osztrogonácz, Ivó
name: Osztrogonácz, Ivó
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: SAPS
subject: CNDP
subject: Visegrad Group Countries

description: One of the most important date for the Visegrad Countries was year 2004, because of the accession to the EU. The four countries have to apply the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) which provides facilities for the farmers in form of direct payment, market measures, agricultural and rural development programs. The analyses of the direct payments development in the Visegrad Countries are necessary for the further CAP reform.
Narrowing the Energy Performance Gap in Non-Domestic Buildings with Aspirational Sustainability Targets
Creators: name: Pritchard, Raymond
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2014

description: The non-domestic building sector has in recent years witnessed a boom in the number of ostensibly ‘green’ buildings certified under the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology (BREEAM) and similar rating schemes. Despite the proliferation of aspirationally sustainable building designs, the actual energy performance of certified buildings is generally little better and sometimes worse than the building stock average. The actual energy consumption of non-domestic buildings is typically 1.5 to 5 times greater than designer estimates, resulting in a phenomenon termed the ‘energy performance gap.’ One of the central contributing factors to the energy performance gap is the restricted scope of energy estimate, based around so-called ‘regulated’ loads, so named because of their frequent inclusion in national building regulations. The result of regulation is the near universal exclusion of ‘unregulated’ loads such as office equipment, plug loads, lifts, catering and IT servers from energy estimates. For an unbiased quantification of the performance gap, it is necessary to develop estimates for these unregulated loads or to exclude such loads from the actual consumption comparison. Drawing upon data from the University of Cambridge Estate Management, the highly regarded Institute for Manufacturing building was evaluated to further explore the energy performance gap. Assessment of the underlying causes of the performance gap revealed a design-stage optimism bias in the building development process and lack of prioritisation towards the utility of available energy data. Temporal analysis of sub- metered energy consumption data revealed the usefulness of a simple peak-baseload ratio as a preliminary indicator for building energy performance, with significant energy optimisation potential. Lastly the Estate’s implementation of Soft Landings is critically evaluated against University policy together with the approaches to incentivise energy efficiency across the building portfolio. Findings from energy-focussed Building Performance Evaluation of the case study building and associated development context are consolidated to produce recommendations for Estate Management. These recommendations have particular relevance for university estates, but are applicable also for other non-domestic building portfolios, such as schools and government offices.
Edomya Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Edomya

description: 151. Edomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 841.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Edomya agrestis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Edomya agrestis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Musca muscaria Fallén, 1810], by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Oswaldia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 162)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
 EMENDATIONS: Edomyia Bezzi & Stein, 1907: 302, n. syn.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 67
Institutionalized defense cooperation and regime security
Creators: name: Rahman, Md Muhibbur
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Civil-military relations
International security regimes
Defense cooperation agreements
Regime security

description: I assess the effects of institutionalized defense cooperation on regime security by examining the relationship between bilateral defense cooperation agreements (DCAs) and the odds of coup attempts. DCAs have emerged as the predominant form of defense cooperation over the last three decades. However, we have very little understanding of how they matter for the signatory states, especially with respect to their domestic politics. Inferring from formal alliances can be problematic, because DCAs are quite different in terms of both depths and substances of cooperation. They have more direct effects on domestic politics. I argue that DCAs lead to increased domestic regime security for the signatory states. The military intervenes in politics because the government cannot either credibly promise to share resources or effectively monitor plots against it. DCAs help mitigate these problems in two ways: a) they allow government to offer non-fungible resources to the military, making its commitment to share resources more credible; b) they raise the costs of coup attempts, by making it easier for governments to conduct monitoring and oversight, and by bolstering anti-coup norms. The empirical findings show that states which share DCAs with other states experience significantly lower odds of military interventions in politics. With more DCAs signed, the size of the effects increases. Additional platforms lend more credibility to the government’s resource sharing commitments, and further enhance the capacity of domestic civil-military institutions. This is more so for the democratic dyads because they can gain further stabilizing effects from increased professionalization of the military through these cooperation regimes. The case of Argentina offers a testimony of DCAs playing an instrumental role in curbing military threats to the civilian rule.
Non-commutativity and Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Paban, Sonia
name: Sethi, Savdeep
name: Stern, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the extent to which the gauge symmetry of abelian Yang-Mills can be deformed under two conditions: first, that the deformation depend on a two-form scale. Second, that the deformation preserve supersymmetry. We show that (up to a single parameter) the only allowed deformation is the one determined by the star product. We then consider the supersymmetry algebra satisfied by NCYM expressed in commutative variables. The algebra is peculiar since the supercharges are not gauge-invariant. However, the action, expressed in commutative variables, appears to be quadratic in fermions to all orders in theta.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX; a reference added