cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
dhreg, xtdhreg, and bootdhreg: Commands to implement double-hurdle regression
Creators: name: Engel, Christoph
name: Moffatt, Peter G.
name: Engel, Christoph
name: Moffatt, Peter G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: dhreg
subject: xtdhreg
subject: bootdhreg
subject: hurdle model
subject: double-hurdle model
subject: random-effects double-hurdle model
subject: tobit
subject: p-tobit
subject: inverse Mills ratio
subject: bootstrapping

description: The dhreg command implements maximum likelihood estimation of the double-hurdle model for continuously distributed outcomes. The command includes the option to fit a p-tobit model, that is, a model that estimates only an intercept for the hurdle equation. The bootdhreg command (the bootstrap version of dhreg) may be convenient if the data-generating process is more complicated or if heteroskedasticity is suspected. The xtdhreg command is a random-effects version of dhreg applicable to panel data. However, this estimator differs from standard random-effects estimators in the sense that the outcome of the first hurdle applies to the complete set of observations for a given subject instead of applying at the level of individual observations. Command options include estimation of a correlation parameter capturing dependence between the two hurdles.
Re-appearance of antiferromagnetic ordering with Zn and Ni substitution in La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4
Creators: name: Machi, T.
name: Kato, I.
name: Hareyama, R.
name: Watanabe, N.
name: Itoh, Y.
name: Koshizuka, N.
name: Arai, S.
name: Murakami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of nonmagnetic Zn and magnetic Ni substitution for Cu site on magnetism are studied by measurements of uniform magnetic susceptibility for lightly doped La_{2-x}Sr_xCu_{1-z}M_zO_4 (M=Zn or Ni) polycrystalline samples. For the parent x=0, Zn doping suppresses the Néel temperature T_N whereas Ni doping hardly changes T_N up to z=0.3. For the lightly doped samples with T_N~0, the Ni doping recovers T_N. For the superconducting samples, the Ni doping induces the superconductivity-to-antiferromagnetic transition (or crossover). All the heavily Ni doped samples indicate a spin glass behavior at \~15 K.
description: 2 pages including 3 figures, to be published in Physica C (LT23, Hiroshima 2002)
Maser Flares Driven by Variations in Pumping and Background Radiation
Creators: name: Gray, M. D.
name: Etoka, S.
name: Travis, A.
name: Pimpanuwat, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate maser flares by varying either the pump rate or the background level of radiation in a 3D model of a maser cloud. We investigate the effect of different cloud shapes, saturation levels and viewpoints. Results are considered for clouds with both uniform and internally variable unsaturated inversion. Pumping and background variations are represented by several different driving functions, some of which are light curves drawn from observations. We summarise the pumping variability results in terms of three observable parameters, the maximum flux density achieved, a variability index and duty cycle. We demonstrate typical ranges of the flux density that may result from viewing an aspherical object from random viewpoints. The best object for a flare is a prolate cloud, viewed close to its long axis and driven from unsaturated conditions to at least modest saturation. Results for variation of the background level are qualitatively different from the variable pumping results in that they tend to produce short intervals of low flux density under conditions of moderate saturation and sufficient variability to be consistent with strong flaring. Variable background models typically have a significantly higher duty cycle than those with variable pumping.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Copyright, permissions, and fair use among visual artists and the academic and museum visual arts communities : An issues report
Creators: name: Aufderheide, Patricia
name: Jaszi, Peter
name: Bello, Bryan
name: Milosevic, Tijana
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Additional support provided by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation
title: Autonomy in political liberalism
Creators: name: Armstrong, Luke
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rawls, Political Liberalism, Autonomy, Free Will, Reasonableness, Education, Neuroscience, Metaphysics, Justice

description: John Rawls intends his doctrine of political liberalism to be free of metaphysical commitments. For this reason, Rawls’ conception of autonomy is not supposed to be dependent on the truth of any one metaphysical theory of human nature. Instead, Rawls states that people are rationally autonomous – able to develop their moral powers – and fully autonomous – able to act from a sense of justice – positing that we can accept these conceptions of autonomy whatever our other philosophical commitments. Though autonomy is not Rawls’ central concern, I argue that, nevertheless, full autonomy is integral to Rawls’ theory of justice. Without fully autonomous citizens, there is no one to realise justice as fairness. Through his way of thinking about human nature, Rawls assumes that people will be motivated to become fully autonomous. Through the possession of the moral powers, and the witnessing of the just workings of society’s institutions, a person will wish to act as a fully autonomous citizen should. I argue against making this assumption. Instead, I evaluate Rawls’ conception of the person against data in neuroscience and psychology, and thereby articulate two central concerns. First, a person’s moral psychology is largely dependent on her upbringing. If a person’s upbringing has not instilled in her a sense of the importance of fairness, there is little hope of her becoming fully autonomous in the way Rawls imagines. Second, in the neuroscience of free will, evidence suggests that we are much less in control of our thought processes than is traditionally imagined. If we are not in full control of our thought processes, there may be little we can do to prevent our being influenced by ideas that undermine justice as fairness. This is why I argue that, to realise political liberalism in the way Rawls formulates it, a system of moral education is necessary; a system that is much more demanding than that imagined by Rawls. It cannot be assumed that people are inherently predisposed to the value of justice as fairness, nor can it be imagined that the majority of people would reject alternative doctrines through their capacity to regulate their thoughts. A strong prior commitment to justice as fairness is therefore necessary. If political liberalism is to be realised in the way Rawls imagines, people must be educated in the importance of justice as fairness, with the aim of such a system of education being the development of fully autonomous citizens.
Herbicide effect of Greek oregano essential oil on metabolite profiles of target plants
Creators: name: Nikolova, Milena
name: Boryanka Traykova
name: Berkov, Strahil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: . Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Link) Ietsw. essential oil has been found to possess a wide range of biological activity among which the biocidal properties are particularly valuable in view of the need to use natural products in organic farming. In the present study, attention is focused on the metabolic variations of weeds after treatment with Greek (white) oregano essential oil as a bioherbicide. Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Borbás, Matricaria chamomilla L., Sinapis arvensis L., Lolium perenne L., Trifolium repens L. and Trifolium pratense L.) were used as target weeds. The essential oil was applied on weed seedling in the form of an aqueous solution at 5 and 10 µg/mL concentrations by spraying. The effect was reported on the seventh day after treatment and expressed as lethality percentage. The studied Poaceae species were found to be the most resistant, retaining almost 100% of their viability at the both tested concentrations, while the other species at the higher concentration were completely destroyed or significantly damaged. The aerial parts of the surviving individuals of each species were collected and examined by GC/MS for the content of main metabolites. Organic, phenolic, fatty and amino acids, sterols, polyols as well as mono- and disaccharides were identified. Variations in the content of metabolites after treatment with essential oil were observed. The response of treated plants appears to be specific to each species. The results obtained provide data on the use of Greek oregano essential oil as an herbicide in post-emergence stage and complement knowledge of metabolic response of plant to stress factors.
Freezing and folding behavior in simple off-lattice heteropolymers
Creators: name: Magee, J. E.
name: Warwicker, J.
name: Lue, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We have performed parallel tempering Monte Carlo simulations using a simple continuum heteropolymer model for proteins. All ten heteropolymer sequences which we have studied have shown first-order transitions at low temperature to ordered states dominated by single chain conformations. These results are in contrast with the theoretical predictions of the random energy model for heteropolymers, from which we would expect continuous transitions to glassy behavior at low temperatures.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Teleportation in a noisy environment: a quantum trajectories approach
Creators: name: Carlo, Gabriel G
name: Benenti, Giuliano
name: Casati, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fidelity of quantum teleportation for the situation in which quantum logic gates are used to provide the long distance entanglement required in the protocol, and where the effect of a noisy environment is modeled by means of a generalized amplitude damping channel. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the quantum trajectories approach, which allows the simulation of open systems with a large number of qubits (up to 24). This shows that the method is suitable for modeling quantum information protocols in realistic environments.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF SOME CROP SUCCESSION SYSTEMS UNDER DRYLAND CONDITIONS IN THE FREE STATE MIDLANDS
Creators: name: Blignaut, C. S.
name: De Jager, J. M.
name: Human, J. J.
name: Grobbelaar, J. A.
name: Blignaut, C. S.
name: De Jager, J. M.
name: Human, J. J.
name: Grobbelaar, J. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: The Free State Midlands is a high-risk area where summer and winter crops are cultivated under various rotational and fallow systems. Six such systems in general use were identified and with the aid of crop growth simulation models and weather input data long-term yield data were generated. The economic results of the various systems were evaluated for a period of 24 years (1960 to 1983) for a hypothetical farming unit of 600 ha. The various systems were evaluated in respect of gross farm production value, margin above variable costs, net farm income and farm profit, based on the average yields for the period at 1983 prices. The annual farm profit figures, purchasing power and financial risk were also evaluated. It appears that the protracted wheat fallow system is the most economic of the six. It is also clear that the financing risk can be reduced for both the farmer and the financial institution by coupling the granting of loans to the physio-biological aspects of a farming unit. Furthermore, recommendations of crop choices based mainly on gross margins are laden with potential dangers.
Supplementary 3 from A new member of fossil balaenid (Mysticeti, Cetacea) from the early Pliocene of Hokkaido, Japan
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yoshihiro
name: Furusawa, Hitoshi
name: Masaichi Kimura
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Character list
Copyright, permissions, and fair use among visual artists and the academic and museum visual arts communities : An issues report
Creators: name: Aufderheide, Patricia
name: Jaszi, Peter
name: Bello, Bryan
name: Milosevic, Tijana
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: Funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Additional support provided by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation
The chi-squared goodness-of-fit test for count-data models
Creators: name: Manjón, Miguel
name: Martínez, Oscar
name: Manjón, Miguel
name: Martínez, Oscar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: chi2gof
subject: Andrews's chi-squared goodness-of-fit test
subject: m-tests
subject: count-data models

description: In this article, we discuss the implementation of Andrews’s (1988a, Journal of Econometrics 37: 135–156; 1988b, Econometrica 56: 1419–1453) chi-squared goodness-of-fit test as a postestimation command. The new command chi2gof reports the test statistic, its degrees of freedom, and its p-value. chi2gof can be used after the poisson, nbreg, zip, and zinb commands.
Geometric phase-control of a spin-torque oscillator
Creators: name: Rückriegel, Andreas
name: Duine, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the phase of a spin-torque oscillator generically acquires a geometric contribution upon slow and cyclic variation of the parameters that govern its dynamics. As an example, we compute the geometric phase that results from a cyclic excursion of the magnitude of the external field and the current. We consider thermal phase fluctuations and conclude that the geometric phase should be experimentally observable at room temperature with current setups. We briefly comment on arrays of spin-torque oscillators and possible applications.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
txttool: Utilities for text analysis in Stata
Creators: name: Williams, Unislawa
name: Williams, Sean P.
name: Williams, Unislawa
name: Williams, Sean P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: txttool
subject: text mining
subject: Porter stemmer
subject: bag of words
subject: cleaning
subject: stop words
subject: subwords

description: This article describes txttool, a command that provides a set of tools for managing free-form text. The command integrates several built-in Stata functions with new text capabilities. These latter functions include a utility to create a bag-of-words representation of text and an implementation of Porter’s (1980, Program: Electronic library and information systems 14: 130–137) word-stemming algorithm. Collectively, these utilities provide a text-processing suite for text mining and other text-based applications in Stata.
Additional file 1 of Development of a single-cell cloning technique for isolation of Pentatrichomonas hominis: a promising tool for diagnosing Trichomonas spp. infections in the pig breeding industry
Creators: name: Zhu, Yibin
name: Cai, Haiming
name: Liao, Shenquan
name: Li, Juan
name: Fang, Siyun
name: Shen, Hanqin
name: Wang, Dingai
name: Yan, Zhuanqiang
name: Lv, Minna
name: Lin, Xuhui
name: Hu, Junjing
name: Song, Yongle
name: Chen, Xiangjie
name: Yin, Lijun
name: Zhang, Jianfei
name: Qi, Nanshan
name: Sun, Mingfei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
The stellar content of the ring in NGC 660
Creators: name: Karataeva, G. M.
name: Tikhonov, N. A.
name: Galazutdinova, O. A.
name: Hagen-Thorn, V. A.
name: Yakovleva, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of stellar photometry of the polar-ring galaxy NGC 660 using the Hubble Space Telescope's archival data obtained with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. The final list of the resolved stars contains 550 objects, a considerable part of which are blue and red supergiants belonging to the polar ring. The analysis of the Colour Magnitude Diagram for polar ring stars shows that it is best represented by the isochrones with metallicity Z = 0.008. The process of star formation in the polar ring was continuous and the age of the youngest detected stars is about 7 Myr.
description: 5 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Doing the reading : technology’s role in reshaping reading in the academy
Creators: name: Baron, Naomi S.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: "To appear in #Lesen. Transformationen traditioneller Rezeptionskonzepte im digitalen Zeitalter. Göttingen, Germany: V&R Unipress."
Gamma-ray absorption in massive X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Dubus, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray emission in the TeV range has been detected by HESS from two X-ray binaries: PSR B1259-63 and LS 5039. In both, the early-type star provides large numbers of target photons for pair-production with TeV gamma-rays. This results in a modulation of the gamma-ray flux as the relative positions of the gamma-ray source and companion star change with orbital phase. The lightcurve and spectrum of absorption provide useful diagnostics for the location and nature of gamma-ray emission. The expected orbital variations of the absorption spectrum and flux are calculated for LS 5039, PSR B1259-63 and LSI +61 303, a system similar to LS 5039 but still undetected at TeV energies. In LS 5039, emission close to a black hole or a neutron star primary is considered. In both cases, the flux above 250 GeV drops by more than an order-of-magnitude near periastron due to absorption. A black hole yields a clear spectral signature in the average spectrum at 400 GeV. A neutron star yields more variability, with the spectral feature moving from 200 GeV to 2 TeV. The absorbed fraction of the flux can be as small as 20%, allowing for an almost direct view of the intrinsic spectrum. Low variability requires emission on large scales, more than 0.7 AU away to have <50% absorption in a jet. Such predictions are essential to distinguish between variability due to the gamma-ray emission process from that due to absorption. A modulation in LS 5039 would provide a novel way to constrain the gamma-ray source. Its absence would imply that gamma-ray emission occurs on large scales.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted by A&A
iop: Estimating ex-ante inequality of opportunity
Creators: name: Juárez, Florian Wendelspiess Chávez
name: Soloaga, Isidro
name: Juárez, Florian Wendelspiess Chávez
name: Soloaga, Isidro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: iop
subject: inequality of opportunity
subject: dissimilarity index
subject: mean log deviation
subject: decomposition

description: This article describes the user-written command iop to estimate ex-ante inequality of opportunity for different types of variables. Inequality of opportunity is the part of inequality that is due to circumstances beyond the control of the individual. Therefore, it is the ethically offensive part of inequality. Several estimation procedures have been proposed over the past years, and iop is a comprehensive and easy-to-use command that implements many of them. It handles continuous, dichotomous, and ordered variables. In addition to the point estimates, iop also provides bootstrap standard errors and two decomposition methods.
Additional file 1 of Preferential transmission of minority and drug-resistant clones in polyclonal infections in Mali
Creators: name: Vanheer, Leen N.
name: Manko, Emilia
name: Mahamar, Almahamoudou
name: Phelan, Jody
name: Sanogo, Koualy
name: Sinaba, Youssouf
name: Niambele, Sidi M.
name: Sacko, Adama
name: Keita, Sekouba
name: Youssouf, Ahamadou
name: Diallo, Makonon
name: Soumare, Harouna M.
name: Lanke, Kjerstin
name: Issiaka, Djibrilla
name: Diawara, Halimatou
name: Traore, Sekou F.
name: Grignard, Lynn
name: Dicko, Alassane
name: Drakeley, Chris
name: Campino, Susana
name: Stone, William
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
femlogit—Implementation of the multinomial logit model with fixed effects
Creators: name: Pforr, Klaus
name: Pforr, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: femlogit
subject: multinomial logit
subject: fixed effects
subject: panel data
subject: multilevel data
subject: unobserved heterogeneity
subject: discrete choice
subject: random effects
subject: conditional logit

description: Fixed-effects models have become increasingly popular in social-science research. The possibility to control for unobserved heterogeneity makes these models a prime tool for causal analysis. Fixed-effects models have been derived and implemented for many statistical software packages for continuous, dichotomous, and count-data dependent variables. Chamberlain (1980, Review of Economic Studies 47: 225–238) derived the multinomial logistic regression with fixed effects. However, this model has not yet been implemented in any statistical software package. Possible applications would be analyses of effects on employment status, with special consideration of part-time or irregular employment, and analyses of effects on voting behavior that implicitly control for long-time party identification rather than measuring it directly. This article introduces an implementation of this model with the new command femlogit. I show its application with British election panel data.
Ferroelectric Mott-Hubbard phase in organic conductors
Creators: name: Brazovskii, S.
name: Monceau, P.
name: Nad, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present key issues of related phenomenons of the Ferroelectricity and the Charge Disproportionation in organic metals. In (TMTTF_2X the dielectric susceptibility demonstrates clear cases of the ferroelectric and anti-ferroelectric phase transitions. Both the susceptibility and the conductivity prove independence and occasional coexistence of "structurless" ferroelectric transitions and usual "anionic" ones. Their sequence gives access to physics of three types of solitons emerging upon cooling via several steps of symmetry breaking. The theory invokes a concept of the Combined Mott-Hubbard State which focuses upon weak processes of electronic Umklapp scattering coming from both the build-in nonequivalence of bonds and the spontaneous one of sites. We propose that the charge ordering in its form of the ferroelectricity exists hiddenly even in the Se subfamily (TMTSF)_2X, giving rise to the unexplained yet low frequency optical peak and the enhanced pseudogap.
description: Proceedings of the ICSM 2002
Quantitative analysis of the critical current due to vortex pinning by surface corrugation
Creators: name: Pautrat, Alain
name: Scola, J.
name: Goupil, C.
name: Simon, Ch.
name: Villard, C.
name: Domenges, B.
name: Simon, Y.
name: Guilpin, Ch.
name: Mechin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport critical current of a Niobium (Nb) thick film has been measured for a large range of magnetic field. Its value and variation are quantitatively described in the framework of the pinning of vortices due to boundary conditions at the rough surface, with a contact angle well explained by the spectral analysis of the surface roughness. Increasing the surface roughness using a Focused Ion Beam results also in an increase of the superficial critical current.
description: accepted for publication in Phys Rev B
General properties of the pion production reaction in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Camerini, P.
name: Fragiacomo, E.
name: Grion, N.
name: Piano, S.
name: Rui, R.
name: Clark, J.
name: Felawka, L.
name: Gibson, E. F.
name: Hofman, G.
name: Mathie, E. L.
name: Meier, R.
name: Moloney, G.
name: Ottewell, D.
name: Raywood, K.
name: Sevior, M. E.
name: Smith, G. R.
name: Tacik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pion production reaction $π^+ \to π^+π^{\pm}$ on $^{45}Sc$ was studied at incident pion energies of $T_{π^{+}}$ = 240, 260, 280, 300, and 320 MeV. The experiment was performed using the $M11$ pion-channel at TRIUMF, and multiparticle events, ($π^+,π^+π^{\pm}$) and ($π^+,π^+π^{\pm}p$), were detected with the CHAOS spectrometer. Results are reported in the form of both differential and total cross sections, and are compared to theoretical predictions and the reaction phase space. The present investigation of the T-dependence of the $π^+ A \to π^+π^{\pm} A'$ reaction complements earlier examinations of the A-dependence of the reaction, which was measured using $^{2}H$, $^{4}He$, $^{12}C$, $^{16}O$, $^{40}Ca$, and $^{208}Pb$ targets at $\sim$280 MeV. Some general properties of the pion-induced pion production reaction in nuclear matter will be presented, based on the combined results of the two studies.
description: 23 pages, Latex, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. A
Transport of Finite Size Self-Propelled Particles Confined in a 2D Zigzag Channel with Gaussian Colored Noise
Creators: name: Wang, Bing
name: Wu, Yong
name: Zhang, Xiaoxiao
name: Chen, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The directional transport of finite size self-propelled Brownian particles confined in a 2D zigzag channel with colored noise is investigated. The noises(noise parallel to x-axis and y-axis), the asymmetry parameter Δk, the ratio f(ratio of the particle radius and the bottleneck half width), the selfpropelled speed v0 have joint effect on the particles. The average velocity of self-propelled particles is significantly different from passive particles. The average velocity exhibits complicated behavior with increasing self-propelled speed v0
Environment assisted and environment hampered efficiency at maximum power in a molecular photo cell
Creators: name: Sarkar, Subhajit
name: Dubi, Yonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The molecular photo cell, i.e., a single molecule donor-acceptor complex, beside being technologically important, is a paradigmatic example of a many-body system operating in strong non-equilibrium. The quantum transport and the photo-voltaic energy conversion efficiency of the photocell, attached to two external leads, are investigated within the open quantum system approach by solving the Lindblad master equation. The interplay of the vibrational degrees of freedom corresponding to the molecules (via the electron-phonon interaction) and the environment (via dephasing) shows its signature in the efficiency at maximum power. We find vibration assisted electron transport in the medium to strong electron-phonon coupling regime when the system does not suffer dephasing. Exposure to dephasing hampers such a vibration assisted electron transport in a specific range of dephasing rate.
description: submitted for publication, comments are welcome
Hyperuniform structures formed by shearing colloidal suspensions
Creators: name: Wilken, Sam
name: Guerra, Rodrigo E.
name: Pine, David J.
name: Chaikin, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In periodically sheared suspensions there is a dynamical phase transition characterized by a critical strain amplitude $γ_c$ between an absorbing state where particle trajectories are reversible and an active state where trajectories are chaotic and diffusive. Repulsive non-hydrodynamic interactions between "colliding" particles' surfaces have been proposed as a source of this broken time reversal symmetry. A simple toy model called Random Organization qualitatively reproduces the dynamical features of this transition. Random Organization and other absorbing state models exhibit hyperuniformity, a strong suppression of density fluctuations on long length-scales quantified by a structure factor $S(q \rightarrow 0) \sim q^α$ with $α> 0$, at criticality. Here we show experimentally that the particles in periodically sheared suspensions organize into structures with anisotropic short-range order but isotropic, long-range hyperuniform order when oscillatory shear amplitudes approach $γ_c$.
Artificial Intelligence Assistance Significantly Improves Gleason Grading of Prostate Biopsies by Pathologists
Creators: name: Bulten, Wouter
name: Balkenhol, Maschenka
name: Belinga, Jean-Joël Awoumou
name: Brilhante, Américo
name: Çakır, Aslı
name: Farré, Xavier
name: Geronatsiou, Katerina
name: Molinié, Vincent
name: Pereira, Guilherme
name: Roy, Paromita
name: Saile, Günter
name: Salles, Paulo
name: Schaafsma, Ewout
name: Tschui, Joëlle
name: Vos, Anne-Marie
name: van Boven, Hester
name: Vink, Robert
name: van der Laak, Jeroen
name: de Kaa, Christina Hulsbergen-van
name: Litjens, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: While the Gleason score is the most important prognostic marker for prostate cancer patients, it suffers from significant observer variability. Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, based on deep learning, have proven to achieve pathologist-level performance at Gleason grading. However, the performance of such systems can degrade in the presence of artifacts, foreign tissue, or other anomalies. Pathologists integrating their expertise with feedback from an AI system could result in a synergy that outperforms both the individual pathologist and the system. Despite the hype around AI assistance, existing literature on this topic within the pathology domain is limited. We investigated the value of AI assistance for grading prostate biopsies. A panel of fourteen observers graded 160 biopsies with and without AI assistance. Using AI, the agreement of the panel with an expert reference standard significantly increased (quadratically weighted Cohen's kappa, 0.799 vs 0.872; p=0.018). Our results show the added value of AI systems for Gleason grading, but more importantly, show the benefits of pathologist-AI synergy.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Theorem of operation in the base-n number system with palindrome result for an esthetic number
Creators: name: Rodrigo José Da Silva (R.J.S.)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Palindrome result
Esthetic numbers
Numeral system

description: Esthetic numbers feature the difference between adjacent digits equal to one unity. This short communication consists of a theorem of own authorship, and its proof, for an operation in any base-n number system for obtain a palindrome result of an esthetic number with (n–1) digits in ascending order. From the pedagogical point of view, this content can be applied in arithmetic classes, addressing concepts of numeral systems, summation and series. 123456789 * 8 + 9 = 987654321 (theorem operation in the base-10 number system)
description: {"references": ["J.-M. De Koninck and N. Doyon. Esthetic Numbers. Annales des sciences math\u00e9matiques du Qu\u00e9bec 2009, 33(2), p. 155-164. Available in: http://www.labmath.uqam.ca/~annales/volumes/33-2/PDF/155-164.pdf. Accessed on 16 November 2020.", "Bronshtein, Ilja & Semendyayev, Konstantin & Musiol, Gerhard & Muehlig, Heiner. Handbook of Mathematics 2007, p. 19, equation 1.64. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-72122-2 ."]}
Theorem of operation in the base-n number system with palindrome result for an esthetic number
Creators: name: Rodrigo José Da Silva (R.J.S.)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Palindrome result
Esthetic numbers
Numeral system
Number pattern

description: Esthetic numbers feature the difference between adjacent digits equal to one unity. This short communication consists of a theorem of own authorship, and its proof, for an operation in any base-n number system for obtain a palindrome result of an esthetic number with (n–1) digits in ascending order. The theorem operations and results form a number pattern that can be represented as an infinite trapezoidal array (R.J.S. Esthetic Trapeze). From the pedagogical point of view, this content can be applied in arithmetic classes, addressing concepts of numeral systems, summation and series. 123456789 * 8 + 9 = 987654321 (theorem operation in the base-10 number system)
description: {"references": ["J.-M. De Koninck and N. Doyon. Esthetic Numbers. Annales des sciences math\u00e9matiques du Qu\u00e9bec 2009, 33(2), p. 155-164. Available in: http://www.labmath.uqam.ca/~annales/volumes/33-2/PDF/155-164.pdf. Accessed on 16 November 2020.", "Bronshtein, Ilja & Semendyayev, Konstantin & Musiol, Gerhard & Muehlig, Heiner. Handbook of Mathematics 2007, p. 19, equation 1.64. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-72122-2 ."]}
Light Meson Parton Distribution Functions from Basis Light-Front Quantization and QCD Evolution
Creators: name: Lan, Jiangshan
name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Jia, Shaoyang
name: Zhao, Xingbo
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the pion and kaon from the eigenstates of a light-front effective Hamiltonian in the constituent quark-antiquark representation suitable for low-momentum scale applications. By taking these scales as the only free parameters, the valence quark distribution functions of the pion, after QCD evolving, are consistent with the E615 experiment at Fermilab. In addition, the ratio of the up quark distribution in the kaon to that in the pion also agrees with the NA3 experimental result at CERN.
description: Conference: C19-08-16
EMPLOYMENT ASSURANCE THROUGH THE "WOMEN'S NOTEBOOK" PROJECT
Creators: name: Husanova, Gulsum
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Employment assurance for women is a critical issue in many developing countries, including Uzbekistan. One of the most notable initiatives addressing this challenge is the "Ayollar daftari" (Women's Notebook) project. This project aims to support women by enhancing their access to employment, professional development, and financial assistance. Using the Harvard Negotiation Method, which emphasizes principled negotiation and objective criteria, this article examines the success and challenges of the "Women's Notebook" project in ensuring employment for women.
Dynamical instability and domain formation in a spin-1 Bose condensate
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxian
name: Zhou, D. L.
name: Chang, M. -S.
name: Chapman, M. S.
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the recently observed spatial domain formation in spin-1 atomic condensates as a result of dynamical instability. Within the mean field theory, a homogeneous condensate is dynamically unstable (stable) for ferromagnetic (antiferromagnetic) atomic interactions. We find this dynamical instability naturally leads to spontaneous domain formation as observed in several recent experiments for condensates with rather small numbers of atoms. For trapped condensates, our numerical simulations compare quantitatively to the experimental results, thus largely confirming the physical insight from our analysis of the homogeneous case.
description: RevTex4, 4 pages with 3 color eps figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
X‐ray dichroism in polyimide caused by non‐resonant scattering
Creators: name: Schulze, K. S.
name: Loetzsch, R.
name: Rüffer, R.
name: Uschmann, I.
name: Röhlsberger, R.
name: Paulus, G. G.
Publisher: name: International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2020

description: Dichroism is one of the most important optical effects in both the visible and the X‐ray range. Besides absorption, scattering can also contribute to dichroism. This paper demonstrates that, based on the example of polyimide, materials can show tiny dichroism even far from electronic resonances due to scattering. Although the effect is small, it can lead to a measurable polarization change and might have influence on highly sensitive polarimetric experiments.
description: Aligned molecules, for example in polyimide foils, lead to small dichroism even far from resonances, which can be revealed by high‐precision X‐ray polarimetry. image
Some interesting observations on the free energy principle
Creators: name: Friston, Karl
name: Da Costa, Lancelot
name: Parr, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 37Hxx

description: Biehl et al (2020) present some interesting observations on an early formulation of the free energy principle in (Friston, 2013). We use these observations to scaffold a discussion of the technical arguments that underwrite the free energy principle. This discussion focuses on solenoidal coupling between various (subsets of) states in sparsely coupled systems that possess a Markov blanket - and the distinction between exact and approximate Bayesian inference, implied by the ensuing Bayesian mechanics.
description: A response to a technical critique [arXiv:2001.06408] of the free energy principle as presented in "Life as we know it"
The persistence of print among university students : An exploratory study
Creators: name: Baron, Naomi S.
name: Calixte, Rachelle M.
name: Havewala, Mazneen Cyrus
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: A revised version of this article will appear in Telematics and Informatics (2017)
Chemical Abundances and Rotation Velocities of Blue Horizontal-Branch Stars in Six Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Behr, Bradford B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution spectroscopic measurements of blue horizontal-branch stars in six metal-poor globular clusters -- M3, M13, M15, M68, M92, and NGC 288 -- reveal remarkable variations in photospheric composition and rotation velocity as a function of a star's position along the horizontal branch. For the cooler stars (Teff < 11200 K), the derived abundances are in good agreement with the canonical cluster metallicities, and we find a wide range of v sin i rotation velocities, some as high as 40 km/s. In the hotter stars, however, most metal species are strongly enhanced, by as much as 3 dex, relative to the expected cluster metallicity, while helium is depleted by 2 dex or more. In addition, the hot stars all rotate slowly, with v sin i < 8 km/s. The anomalous abundances appear to be due to atomic diffusion mechanisms -- gravitational settling of helium, and radiative levitation of metals -- in the non-convective atmospheres of these hot stars. We discuss the influence of these photospheric metal enhancements on the stars' photometric properties, and explore possible explanations for the observed distribution of rotation velocities.
description: 77 pages, 27 figures, accepted for November 2003 publication in ApJS
Extracting the Transverse Momentum Dependent Polarizing Fragmentation Functions
Creators: name: Callos, Daniel
name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Terry, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that spontaneous transverse polarization of Lambda baryon ($Λ$) production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation can be described using the transverse momentum dependent polarizing fragmentation functions (TMD PFFs). Using a simple Gaussian model, we perform an extraction of the TMD PFFs by fitting the BELLE collaboration's recent measurement of the $Λ$ transverse polarization in back-to-back $Λ+h$ production in $e^+ e^-$ collisions, $e^{-} + e^{+} \rightarrow Λ^{\uparrow}+h+X$. We find that this simple model accurately describes the experimental data for $Λ$ production associated with pions and kaons, and we are able to determine TMD PFFs for different quark flavors. We use these newly extracted TMD PFFs to make predictions for the transverse polarization of $Λ$ produced in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at a future electron-ion collider, and find that such a polarization is around $10\%$ and should be measurable.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, updated fit and improved text
Chromospheric plasma ejection above a pore
Creators: name: Bharti, L.
name: Shobha, B.
name: Noda, C. Quintero
name: Joshi, C.
name: Pandya, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial resolution observations of short lived transients, ribbon and jets like events above a pore in Ca II H images where fine structure like umbral dots, lightbridge and penumbral micro filaments are present in the underlying photosphere. We found that current layers are formed at the edges of convective fine structure due to the shear between their horizontal field and the ambient vertical field. High vertical electric current density patches are observed in the photosphere around these events which indicates the formation of a current sheet at the reconnection site. In the framework of past studies, low altitude reconnection could be the mechanism that produces such events. The reconnection is caused by an opposite polarity field produced by the bending of field lines by convective downflows at the edge of the pore fine structures.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Analysis of the pathogenicity of novel GNE mutations and clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of GNE myopathy in Chinese population
Creators: name: Xing, Yingming
name: Zhao, Lingqian
name: Zhao, Renlong
name: Liu, Qiyun
name: Wang, Juan
name: Wang, Le
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Guo, Junhong
name: Zhao, Rongjuan
name: Chang, Xueli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Table 1– Primer sequences for PCR. Supplemental Table 2– The primers used in vector construction
X-ray Observations of the Compact Source in CTA 1
Creators: name: Slane, Patrick
name: Zimmerman, Erik R.
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Seward, Frederick D.
name: Gaensler, Bryan M.
name: Clarke, Melanie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The point source RX J0007.0+7302, at the center of supernova remnant CTA 1, was studied using the X-Ray Multi-mirror Mission. The X-ray spectrum of the source is consistent with a neutron star interpretation, and is well described by a power law with the addition of a soft thermal component that may correspond to emission from hot polar cap regions or to cooling emission from a light element atmosphere over the entire star. There is evidence of extended emission on small spatial scales which may correspond to structure in the underlying synchrotron nebula. No pulsations are observed. Extrapolation of the nonthermal spectrum of RX J0007.0+7302 to gamma-ray energies yields a flux consistent with that of EGRET source 3EG J0010+7309, supporting the proposition that there is a gamma-ray emitting pulsar at the center of CTA 1. Observations of the outer regions of CTA 1 with the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics confirm earlier detections of thermal emission from the remnant and show that the synchrotron nebula extends to the outermost reaches of the SNR.
description: 5 pages, including 4 postscript figs.LaTex. Accepted for publication by ApJ
Incorporating Expert Prior in Bayesian Optimisation via Space Warping
Creators: name: Ramachandran, Anil
name: Gupta, Sunil
name: Rana, Santu
name: Li, Cheng
name: Venkatesh, Svetha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian optimisation is a well-known sample-efficient method for the optimisation of expensive black-box functions. However when dealing with big search spaces the algorithm goes through several low function value regions before reaching the optimum of the function. Since the function evaluations are expensive in terms of both money and time, it may be desirable to alleviate this problem. One approach to subside this cold start phase is to use prior knowledge that can accelerate the optimisation. In its standard form, Bayesian optimisation assumes the likelihood of any point in the search space being the optimum is equal. Therefore any prior knowledge that can provide information about the optimum of the function would elevate the optimisation performance. In this paper, we represent the prior knowledge about the function optimum through a prior distribution. The prior distribution is then used to warp the search space in such a way that space gets expanded around the high probability region of function optimum and shrinks around low probability region of optimum. We incorporate this prior directly in function model (Gaussian process), by redefining the kernel matrix, which allows this method to work with any acquisition function, i.e. acquisition agnostic approach. We show the superiority of our method over standard Bayesian optimisation method through optimisation of several benchmark functions and hyperparameter tuning of two algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random forest.
description: 21 Pages, 8 figures. To be published in Elsevier