cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lowest Landau Level of Relativistic Field Theories in a Strong Background Field
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
name: Kober, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gauge theories in a strong external magnetic like field. This situation can appear either in conventional four-dimensional theories, but also naturally in extra-dimensional theories and especially in brane world models. We show that in the lowest Landau level approximation, some of the coordinates become non-commutative. We find physical reasons to formal problems with non-commutative gauge theories such as the issue with SU(N) gauge symmetries. Our construction is applied to a minimal extension of the standard model. It is shown that the Higgs sector might be non-commutative whereas the remaining sectors of the standard model remain commutative. Signatures of this model at the LHC are discussed. We then discuss an application to a dark matter sector coupled to the Higgs sector of the standard model and show that here again, dark matter could be non-commutative, the standard model fields remaining commutative.
description: Submitted for the SUSY07 proceedings,4 pages
Coarse and synthetic Weil-Petersson geometry: quasi-flats, geodesics, and relative hyperbolicity
Creators: name: Brock, Jeffrey
name: Masur, Howard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F60; 20F67

description: We analyze the coarse geometry of the Weil-Petersson metric on Teichmüller space, focusing on applications to its synthetic geometry (in particular the behavior of geodesics). We settle the question of the strong relative hyperbolicity of the Weil-Petersson metric via consideration of its coarse quasi-isometric model, the "pants graph." We show that in dimension~3 the pants graph is strongly relatively hyperbolic with respect to naturally defined product regions and show any quasi-flat lies a bounded distance from a single product. For all higher dimensions there is no non-trivial collection of subsets with respect to which it strongly relatively hyperbolic; this extends a theorem of [BDM] in dimension 6 and higher into the intermediate range (it is hyperbolic if and only if the dimension is 1 or 2 [BF]). Stability and relative stability of quasi-geodesics in dimensions up through 3 provide for a strong understanding of the behavior of geodesics and a complete description of the CAT(0)-boundary of the Weil-Petersson metric via curve-hierarchies and their associated "boundary laminations."
description: References added apropos of equivalence of the notion of asymptotically tree-graded and strong relative-hyperbolicity in the sense of Drutu-Sapir. We thank Jason Behrstock for bringing this to our attention. Proof of thickness in higher dimension streamlined, some comments, questions and references added
Neue Frauenbewegungen und soziale Bewegungsforschung: Ansichten eines Forschungsprojekts. Die Neue Frauenbewegung in Deutschland - eine Forschungslücke?
Creators: name: Lenz, Ilse
name: Schneider, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Since international research in New Women's Movements has evolved quickly through the last years the authors start off giving a short survey of recent publications of the sector. New theoretical approaches of research are portrayed, taking into focus problems of communication and internationalisation. The authors illuminate the situation of feminist archives throughout Germany and the relevant databases. By structuring the material and themes of the New Women's Movement into three periods the authors try to verify their assumption that the dynamic of the movement is considerably effected by three factors: the themes brought forward, the women's ability to organise themselves and recruit new activists, and the chances to build up networks in the political sector. The years 1968 to 1975 are presented as a time of gaining consciousness for the situation of women and finding means to articulate the problems, the late seventies to end-eighties were used by the movement to elaborate topics, to establish projects and find suitable institutions. Finally the period from 1989 until today was characterized by internationalisation and reconsideration. The article concludes that much more research is needed to get a grip on such complex developments.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
The Historiography of British Communism: An Alternative Eeading
Creators: name: McIlroy, John
name: Campbell, Alan
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "The Historiography of British Communism: An Alternative Reading" of MTS 31 (2004).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
International Conference on Economics, Business, Tourism & Social Sciences (ICEBTS 2021), Bali (Indonesia), November 28, 2021
Creators: name: IIARP Conference
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: International Conference on Economics, Business, Tourism & Social Sciences is the premier meeting place for researchers, professors, students and professionals of different areas. Now the conference is extended across many regions of the world. This conference intends to bring together and provide a common platform to accumulate and exchange the innovative ideas, latest knowledge and unique experiences for the benefits of researchers, professors, industrialists, academicians, students, and other participants.

 Some of the participants were not able to join us live but you can go to our YouTube channel to see their presentations.
 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIO6SIgQ_F65QucRKLtggm2U9lxAhE39B
Mechanical and dielectric relaxation spectra in seven highly viscous glass formers
Creators: name: Buchenau, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Published dielectric and shear data of six molecular glass formers and one polymer are evaluated in terms of a spectrum of thermally activated processes, with the same barrier density for the retardation spectrum of shear and dielectrics. The viscosity, an independent parameter of the fit, seems to be related to the high-barrier cutoff time of the dielectric signal, in accordance with the idea of a renewal of the relaxing entities after this critical time. In the five cases where one can fit accurately, the temperature dependence of the high-barrier cutoff follows the shoving model. The Johari-Goldstein peaks, seen in four of our seven cases, are describable in terms of gaussians in the barrier density, superimposed on the high-frequency tail of the $α$-process. Dielectric and shear measurements of the same substance find the same peak positions and widths of these gaussians, but in general a different weight.
description: Contribution to the Ngai Fest issue of J. Non-Cryst. Solids; 8 pages, 8 figures, 30 references
Enabling Students in Research through Peer-Assisted Learning
Creators: name: Handoko, Kevin Alvaro
name: Mandache, Madalina Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Student
Research Education
Peer-Assisted Learning

description: According to the UNESCO Science Report, there is an unequal distribution of research throughout the world. Based on our survey on Access to Research and Research Education worldwide, 97% of medical students think research education should be addressed in their curriculum, however, only 19% believe it is addressed sufficiently. IFMSA through SCORE offers a peer-led research workshop called Research Education: Advancement and Development for Youth! (READY!) that focuses on improving students’ knowledge and skills in Research through IFMSA Basic Research Competencies Framework as well as Youth Involvement for Research in Global Health. The workshop is conducted online through asynchronous tasks and synchronous sessions. Based on the workshop assessment, there is a significant increase of knowledge and skills in Research from 3.09 / 5.00 to 4.66 / 5.00. Also, there is a substantial growth in understanding Research in Global Health from 3.19 / 5.00 to 4.58 / 5.00.
Secrecy Capacity Region of Fading Broadcast Channels
Creators: name: Liang, Yingbin
name: Poor, H. Vincent
name: Shamai, Shlomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fading broadcast channel with confidential messages (BCC) is investigated, where a source node has common information for two receivers (receivers 1 and 2), and has confidential information intended only for receiver 1. The confidential information needs to be kept as secret as possible from receiver 2. The channel state information (CSI) is assumed to be known at both the transmitter and the receivers. The secrecy capacity region is first established for the parallel Gaussian BCC, and the optimal source power allocations that achieve the boundary of the secrecy capacity region are derived. In particular, the secrecy capacity region is established for the Gaussian case of the Csiszar-Korner BCC model. The secrecy capacity results are then applied to give the ergodic secrecy capacity region for the fading BCC.
description: Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), June 2007
Linking the Baum-Hawking-Coleman Mechanism with Unimodular Gravity and Vilenkin's Probability Flux
Creators: name: Page, James
name: Magueijo, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit a mechanism proposed by Hawking to resolve the cosmological constant problem (and the controversy it generated) to identify possibly more palatable alternatives and explore new connections and interpretations. In particular, through the introduction of a new action coupling the four-form field strength $F = dA$ to the cosmological constant via a dynamical field $λ(x)$, a novel Baum-Hawking-Coleman type mechanism is presented. This mechanism can be seen as a generalisation of Unimodular Gravity. A theory with a similar coupling to "$F^2$" is also presented, with promising results. We show how in such theories the 3-form is closely related to the Chern-Simons density, and its associated definition of time. On the interpretational front, we propose a method avoiding the standard Euclidean action prescription, which makes use of Vilenkin's probability flux.
description: 7 pages
Computational and experimental imaging of Mn defects on GaAs (110) cross-sectional surface
Creators: name: Stroppa, A.
name: Duan, X.
name: Peressi, M.
name: Furlanetto, D.
name: Modesti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined experimental and computational study of the (110) cross-sectional surface of Mn $δ$-doped GaAs samples. We focus our study on three different selected Mn defect configurations not previously studied in details, namely surface interstitial Mn, isolated and in pairs, and substitutional Mn atoms on cationic sites (Mn$_{\rm Ga}$) in the first subsurface layer. The sensitivity of the STM images to the specific local environment allows to distinguish between Mn interstitials with nearest neighbor As atoms (Int$_{\rm As}$) rather than Ga atoms (Int$_{\rm Ga}$), and to identify the fingerprint of peculiar satellite features around subsurface substitutional Mn. The simulated STM maps for Int$_{\rm As}$, both isolated and in pairs, and Mn$_{\rm Ga}$ in the first subsurface layer are consistent with some experimental images hitherto not fully characterized.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Bundesdeutsche Jugendkulturen zwischen Milieu und Lebensstil: Forschungsstand und Forschungsperspektiven
Creators: name: Großbölting, Thomas
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: The 1960s and 1970s were decades of rapid social and cultural change. Many contemporaries considered the generation gap to be the cause of '1968' and the flash point of this development. Historians cast doubt on the idea of the student movement as a 'revolution' and the notion of the young generation as its mainspring.
The contribution presented here aims to analyse more deeply the roots and the consequences of this fundamental change in almost every part of society: According to sociological considerations and studies the history of young people and its shifts after the Second World War offers avantage point for further research. In many respects during the 1950s public adolescent life was dominated by adult interventions and rules. Not until the last years of the Fifties young people started to create and to identify with (sub)cultural movements, new mental attitudes and varied lifestyles that, on the long run, influenced the whole society. The correlation is demonstrated by the example of catholic and socialist youth organizations and its development in the 1960s and 1970s.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
title: Exporting Arms over Values: The Humanitarian Cost of the European Defence Fund
Creators: name: Vroege, Bram
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Common Foreign and Security Policy
subject: European Defence Fund
subject: arms exports
subject: EU values
subject: international humanitarian law
subject: consistency

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(3), 1575-1601
description: I. Introduction. - II. Methodology. - II.1. Cause and effect: contextualising the EDF. - III. If you want peace, sell more guns? - IV. From theory to practice: the ineffectiveness of arms export controls in the EU. - V. Don't fuel the fire: the EU's duty to act as a responsible arms financier. - V.1. The EU as a guardian of the international legal order. - V.2. The EU as a consistent legislator. - V.3. The nature of the EU's duty to act as a responsible arms financier. - VI. Designing a more responsible European Defence Fund. - VI.1. Operationalising the EU's duty to act as a responsible arms financier. - VI.2. Analysing the EU's policy toolbox. - VII. Conclusion.
description: Through the European Defence Fund (EDF) the EU will become involved for the first time in arms development. EDF funding is intended to contribute to the EU's strategic autonomy in defence. But arms developed with EDF funding may also be exported to non-EU States. International and EU norms meant to ensure a humane and responsible arms trade are insufficiently effective, leaving room for Member States to export arms even when there is a serious risk of their use in violations of international humanitarian law (IHL). On the basis of both legal and policy-based arguments, this Article argues that the EU has failed to properly take these IHL concerns into account in the EDF Regulation. The EU's commitments to international law and to consistency require it to refrain from con-tributing to activities prohibited under international and EU law. These commitments oblige the EU to act as a responsible arms financier. This would also be in line with EU soft power efforts to pro-mote export norm adoption and compliance internationally. For such soft power efforts to be effective, the EU must visibly uphold those norms it is trying to promote. By failing to enact measures that could mitigate the risk of illegal exports of EDF-funded arms - such as a ban on financing certain high-risk activities or a financial clawback mechanism in case funding recipients export arms illegally - the EU is violating its commitments to international law and to consistency and jeopardising its reputation as an international norm entrepreneur.
Imaging and Spectral Observations of a Type-II Radio Burst Revealing the Section of the CME-Driven Shock that Accelerates Electrons
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satabdwa
name: Tadepalli, Srikar Paavan
name: Maity, Samriddhi Sankar
name: Deshpande, Ketaki
name: Kumari, Anshu
name: Patel, Ritesh
name: Gopalswamy, Nat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a multi-wavelength analysis of the 26 January 2014 solar eruption involving a coronal mass ejection (CME) and a Type-II radio burst, performed by combining data from various space-and ground-based instruments. An increasing standoff distance with height shows the presence of a strong shock, which further manifests itself in the continuation of the metric Type-II burst into the decameter-hectometric (DH) domain. A plot of speed versus position angle (PA) shows different points on the CME leading edge travelled with different speeds. From the starting frequency of the Type-II burst and white-light data, we find that the shock signature producing the Type-II burst might be coming from the flanks of the CME. Measuring the speeds of the CME flanks, we find the southern flank to be at a higher speed than the northern flank; further the radio contours from Type-II imaging data showed that the burst source was coming from the southern flank of the CME. From the standoff distance at the CME nose, we find that the local Alfven speed is close to the white-light shock speed, thus causing the Mach number to be small there. Also, the presence of a streamer near the southern flank appears to have provided additional favorable conditions for the generation of shock-associated radio emission. These results provide conclusive evidence that the Type-II emission could originate from the flanks of the CME, which in our study is from the the southern flank of the CME.
description: 19 pages, 7 Figures, 1 table ; Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Ausgangspunkte der Debatte über das europäische Sozialmodell
Creators: name: Mittag, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Cédric Guinand: Die Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (ILO) und die soziale Sicherheit in Europa (1942–1969), Bern: Peter Lang AG, 550 Seiten, 49,60 €.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Preprint withdrawals: Proposing a FAIRly template-based approach
Creators: name: Wright, Jennifer
name: Hosseini, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Preprint Withdrawals
FAIR
Cambridge Open Engage

description: Despite the recent surge in the popularity of preprints, their withdrawals and the associated process have attracted little attention in the literature and remain ambiguous in practice. We will briefly present the results of our exploratory review of the literature about preprint withdrawals, and will provide a suggestion to improve current practices. We argue that, given the growing significance of preprints to scholarly communication, mechanisms for handling corrections of major errors of preprints should uphold the same principles of transparency as those of formally published articles as a baseline. Given the interim and community-led nature of preprints, however, we suggest the process of withdrawal and update should be made simpler than the equivalent journal process. Furthermore, we believe it is important to the future of research and research communication that information about content withdrawals follow FAIR principles. Accordingly, we present a straightforward template-based approach to preprint withdrawals, currently being trialled by Cambridge Open Engage. We will present the template and feedback we received to date. We seek wider community engagement and feedback on the applicability of our proposed approach to various research areas and preprint platforms, thereby understanding the circumstances where this approach might be inappropriate.
description: A preprint that describes the rationale for developing the template in greater length and also includes further suggestions for its use can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.33774/coe-2021-9sccm
description: {"references": ["Beck, J., Ferguson, C.A., Funk, K., Hanson, B., et al. (2020). Building Trust in Preprints: Recommendations for Servers and Other Stakeholders. OSF Preprints. doi:10.31219/osf.io/8dn4w.", "Teixeira da Silva, J.A. (2020). Silently withdrawn or retracted preprints related to Covid-19 are a scholarly threat and a potential public health risk: theoretical arguments and suggested recommendations. Online Information Review. doi: 10.1108/OIR-08-2020-0371", "Wingen, T., Berkessel, J., Dohle, S. (2021). Caution, Preprint! Brief Explanations Allow Non-scientists to Differentiate Between Preprints and Peer-reviewed Journal Articles. OSF Preprints. doi:10.31219/osf.io/7n3mj.", "Wright, J., & Hosseini, M. (2021). Improving preprint withdrawals: A template based approach. Cambridge Open Engage. doi:10.33774/coe-2021-9sccm This content is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed."]}
Extra Current and Integer Quantum Hall Conductance in the Spin-Orbit Coupling System
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Ma, Tianxing
name: Tao, Ruibao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the extra term of particle current in a 2D k-cubic Rashba spin-orbit coupling system and the integer quantization of the Hall conductance in this system. We provide a correct formula of charge current in this system and the careful consideration of extra currents provides a stronger theoretical basis for the theory of the quantum Hall effect which has not been considered before. The non-trivial extra contribution to the particle current density and local conductivity, which originates from the cubic dependence on the momentum operator in the Hamiltonian, will have no effect on the integer quantization of the Hall conductance. The extension of Noether's theorem for the 2D k-cubic Rashba system is also addressed. The two methods reach to exactly the same results.
description: 6 pages
Spatially resolved laser induced fluorescence studies in the three electrode direct current plasma
Creators: name: Le Blanc, Charles Wilfred
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Spectrcchemical emission from analytes in the three electrode direct current plasma has been found to be sensitive to the presence of easily ionizable elements (EIEs) as concomitants in sample matrices. An understanding of the mechanisms by which these EBEs affect analyte emissions is complicated by the fact that both emission enhancements and suppressions of ion and atom lines have been observed. In order to gain further insight into this effect, a fluorescence spectrometer was built and used as a spatial and spectral probe to obtain analyte population distribution profiles in the plasma. The spatial distribution of the analyte in the plasma was found to be quite complex. Most of the analyte skirted around the plasma core and did not enter the analytical emission zone. The area in the plasma where emission was observed was relatively small compared to the spatial population distribution of the analyte which suggests that the amount of analyte contributing to the emission was a small fraction of the total analyte population present. Three dimensional fluorescence profiles of Ba⁺concentrations in the plasma were determined with and without sodium present as the EIE. The presence of the EIE in the sample did not alter the spatial distribution of the Ba⁺ population significantly but did appear to cause an ionization suppression. Emission profiles of the Ba(I) 553.548 nm and Ba(H) 493.409 nm lines were also obtained with and without an EIE present in the sample matrix. In both cases, the presence of the EIE caused emission enhancements; however, the effect was greater for the Ba(I) line than for the Ba(II) line which supports with the proposed ionization suppression mechanism.
Global Health and HumanWellbeing
Creators: name: Khorram-Manesh, Amir
name: Gray, Lesley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services
classificationCode: 420308
subject: Health informatics and information systems
classificationCode: 420309
subject: Health management
classificationCode: 420310
subject: Health surveillance
classificationCode: 420311
subject: Health systems
classificationCode: 420313
subject: Mental health services

description: Global health focuses on studying, researching, and implementing strategies to improve health and promote equity worldwide, addressing transnational health challenges through cross-disciplinary collaboration. It combines preventive population strategies with individual clinical care (Rutgers Global Health Institute, 2024). Well-being refers to a state that meets human needs, both material and non-material, enabling individuals to pursue goals and thrive (Ipbs, 2024).Global health and well-being are interconnected, both crucial for the development of sustainable societies. While global health improves population health, well-being addresses a broader range of factors impacting quality of life. Together, they form the foundation for a thriving, equitable global society (Faghy et al, 2023).Global health aims to improve outcomes, reduce disparities, and address health determinants across regions. It addresses various issues, including infectious and non-communicable diseases, while human well-being aligns with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), working toward a better quality of life globally (Raviola et al, 2011; Khorram-Manesh, 2023).Although much research covers global health and well-being separately, there is a lack of integrated studies examining their interconnections and shared challenges.
One-dimensional scattering of two-dimensional fermions near quantum criticality
Creators: name: Pimenov, Dimitri
name: Kamenev, Alex
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forward and backscattering play an exceptional role in the physics of two-dimensional interacting fermions. In a Fermi liquid, both give rise to a non-analytic $ω^2 \log(ω)$ form of the fermionic scattering rate at second order in the interaction. Here we argue that higher powers of $\log(ω)$ appearin the backscattering contribution at higher orders. We show that these terms come from "planar" processes, which are effectively one-dimensional. This is explicitly demonstated by extending a Fermi liquid to the limit of $N \gg 1$ fermionic flavors, when only planar processes survive. We sum the leading logarithms for the case of a 2D Fermi liquid near a nematic transition and obtain an expression for the scattering rate at $T=0$ to all orders in the interaction. For a repulsive interaction, the resulting rate is logarithmically suppressed, and the result is valid down to $ω= 0$. For an attractive interaction, the ground state is an $s$-wave superconductor with a gap $Δ_0$. We show that in this case the scattering rate increases as $ω$ is reduced towards $Δ_0$. At $ω\geq Δ_0$, the behavior of the scattering rate is rather unconventional as many pairing channels compete near a nematic critical point, and $s$-wave wins only by a narrow margin. We take superconductivity into consideration and obtain the scattering rate also at smaller $ω\simeq Δ_0$.
description: 21 pages; journal version
Linksintellektuelles Milieu in Kiel 1917–1922
Creators: name: Bavaj, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Detlef Siegfried: Das radikale Milieu. Kieler Novemberrevolution, Sozialwissenschaft und Linksradikalismus 1917–1922, Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag 2004, 191 Seiten, 29.90 €.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Further support for a trio of mass-to-light deviations in Abell 370: free-form Grale lens inversion using BUFFALO strong lensing data
Creators: name: Ghosh, Agniva
name: Williams, Liliya L. R.
name: Liesenborgs, Jori
name: Acebron, Ana
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Mahler, Guillaume
name: Niemiec, Anna
name: Steinhardt, Charles
name: Faisst, Andreas L.
name: Lagattuta, David
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Beyond Ultra-deep Frontier Fields and Legacy Observations (BUFFALO) strong lensing image catalog of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 370 to obtain a mass model using the free-form lens inversion algorithm GRALE. The improvement of the strong lensing data quality results in a lens plane rms of only 0.45 arcsec, about a factor of two lower than that of our existing HFF v4 reconstruction. We attribute the improvement to spectroscopic data and use of the full reprocessed HST mosaics. In our reconstructed mass model, we found indications of three distinct mass features in Abell 370: (i) a $\sim 35$ kpc offset between the northern BCG and the nearest mass peak, (ii) a $\sim 100$ kpc mass concentration of roughly critical density $\sim 250$ kpc east of the main cluster, and (iii) a probable filament-like structure passing N-S through the cluster. While (i) is present in some form in most publicly available reconstructions spanning the range of modeling techniques: parametric, hybrid, and free-form, (ii) and (iii) are recovered by only about half of the reconstructions. We tested our hypothesis on the presence of the filament-like structure by creating a synthetic cluster - Irtysh IIIc - mocking the situation of a cluster with external mass. We also computed the source plane magnification distributions. Using them we estimated the probabilities of magnifications in the source plane, and scrutinized their redshift dependence. Finally, we explored the lensing effects of Abell 370 on the luminosity functions of sources at $z_s=9.0$, finding it consistent with published results.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Hamiltonian Quantum Dynamics With Separability Constraints
Creators: name: Buric, Nikola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schroedinger equation on a Hilbert space ${\cal H}$, represents a linear Hamiltonian dynamical system on the space of quantum pure states, the projective Hilbert space $P {\cal H}$. Separable states of a bipartite quantum system form a special submanifold of $P {\cal H}$. We analyze the Hamiltonian dynamics that corresponds to the quantum system constrained on the manifold of separable states, using as an important example the system of two interacting qubits. The constraints introduce nonlinearities which render the dynamics nontrivial. We show that the qualitative properties of the constrained dynamics clearly manifest the symmetry of the qubits system. In particular, if the quantum Hamilton's operator has not enough symmetry, the constrained dynamics is nonintegrable, and displays the typical features of a Hamiltonian dynamical system with mixed phase space. Possible physical realizations of the separability constraints are discussed.
Contact interactions and top-philic scalar dark matter
Creators: name: Cornell, Alan S.
name: Deandrea, Aldo
name: Flacke, Thomas
name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Mason, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenology of a scalar top-philic dark matter candidate when adding a dimension-five contact interaction term, as motivated by possible underlying extensions of the Standard Model such as composite Higgs models. We show that the presence of contact interactions can have a major impact on the dark matter relic density as well as on its direct and indirect detection prospects, while the collider phenomenology of the model is unaffected. This underlines the complementarity of collider and cosmological constraints on dark matter models.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
Geschichte der DDR – eine Fußnote?
Creators: name: Stadtland, Helke
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Rainer Eppelmann/Bernd Faulenbach/Ulrich Mählert (Hg.): Bilanz und Perspektiven der DDR-Forschung, Paderborn: Schöningh 2003, 557 Seiten, 39,90 €.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Neues zur Geschichte im Westen: Ministerpräsidenten, Identität und Partizipation in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Creators: name: Mittag, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Dieter Düding: Heinz Kühn 1912–1992. Eine politische Biographie, Essen: Klartext Verlag 2004, 456 Seiten, 22,90 €.


Stefan Marx: Franz Meyers 1908–2002. Eine politische Biografie, Essen: Klartext Verlag 2004, 532 Seiten, 27,90 €.


Ulrich von Alemann/Peter Brandenburg: Nordrhein-Westfalen. Ein Land entdeckt sich neu, Köln: Kohlhammer 2000, 288 Seiten, 29,50 €.


Andreas Kost: Bürgerbegehren und Bürgerentscheid. Genese, Programm und Wirkungen am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalen, Schwalbach/Ts.: Wochenschau Verlag 1999, 217 Seiten, 21,50 €.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Planck Length and Cosmology
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity implies that there is a fundamental length in Nature in the sense that no operational procedure would be able to measure distances shorter than the Planck length. Furthermore we give an explicit realization of an old proposal by Anderson and Finkelstein who argued that a fundamental length in nature implies unimodular gravity. Finally, using hand waving arguments we show that a minimal length might be related to the cosmological constant which, if this scenario is realized, is time dependent.
description: 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the 2006 CosPA Symposium
Betriebsblind
Creators: name: Stadtland, Helke
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Stefan Paul Werum: Gewerkschaftlicher Niedergang im sozialistischen Aufbau. Der Freie Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund (FDGB) 1945 bis 1953, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2005, 861 S., 89,00 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
„Abendländer“, „Westernisierer“ und Forschungsprojekte
Creators: name: Behring, Rainer
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Vanessa Conze: Das Europa der Deutschen. Ideen von Europa in Deutschland zwischen Reichstradition und Westorientierung (1920-1970), München: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 2005 (= Studien zur Zeitgeschichte Bd. 69), X + 453 S., 64,80 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Dynamical laws of superenergy in General Relativity
Creators: name: Gómez-Lobo, Alfonso García-Parrado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bel and Bel-Robinson tensors were introduced nearly fifty years ago in an attempt to generalize to gravitation the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetism. This generalization was successful from the mathematical point of view because these tensors share mathematical properties which are remarkably similar to those of the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetism. However, the physical role of these tensors in General Relativity has remained obscure and no interpretation has achieved wide acceptance. In principle, they cannot represent {\em energy} and the term {\em superenergy} has been coined for the hypothetical physical magnitude lying behind them. In this work we try to shed light on the true physical meaning of {\em superenergy} by following the same procedure which enables us to give an interpretation of the electromagnetic energy. This procedure consists in performing an orthogonal splitting of the Bel and Bel-Robinson tensors and analysing the different parts resulting from the splitting. In the electromagnetic case such splitting gives rise to the electromagnetic {\em energy density}, the Poynting vector and the electromagnetic stress tensor, each of them having a precise physical interpretation which is deduced from the {\em dynamical laws} of electromagnetism (Poynting theorem). The full orthogonal splitting of the Bel and Bel-Robinson tensors is more complex but, as expected, similarities with electromagnetism are present. Also the covariant divergence of the Bel tensor is analogous to the covariant divergence of the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor and the orthogonal splitting of the former is found. The ensuing {\em equations} are to the superenergy what the Poynting theorem is to electromagnetism. See paper for full abstract.
description: 27 pages, no figures. Typos corrected, section 9 suppressed and more acknowledgments added. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
THINC scaling method that bridges VOF and level set schemes
Creators: name: Kumar, Ronit
name: Cheng, Lidong
name: Xiong, Yunong
name: Xie, Bin
name: Abgrall, Remi
name: Xiao, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M08, 65M22, 76T99, 76N99

description: We present a novel interface-capturing scheme, THINC-scaling, to unify the VOF (volume of fluid) and the level set methods, which have been developed as two different approaches widely used in various applications. The key to success is to maintain a high-quality THINC reconstruction function using the level set field to accurately retrieve geometrical information and the VOF field to fulfill numerical conservativeness. The interface is well defined as a surface in form of a high-order polynomial, so-called the polynomial surface of interface (PSI). The THINC reconstruction function is then used to update the VOF field via a finite volume method, and the level set field via a semi-Lagrangian method. Seeing the VOF field and the level set field as two different aspects of the THINC reconstruction function, the THINC-scaling scheme preserves at the same time the advantages of both VOF and level set methods, i.e. the mass/volume conservation of the VOF method and the geometrical faithfulness of the level set method, through a straightforward solution procedure. The THINC-scaling scheme allows to represent an interface with high-order polynomials and has algorithmic simplicity which largely eases its implementation in unstructured grids. Two and three dimensional algorithms in both structured and unstructured grids have been developed and verified. The numerical results reveal that the THINC-scaling scheme, as an interface capturing method, is able to provide high-fidelity solution comparable to other most advanced methods, and more profoundly it can resolve sub-grid filament structures if the interface is represented by a polynomial higher than second order.
Die gesellschaftliche Dimension der europäischen Einigung
Creators: name: Mittag, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Wilfried Loth (Hg.): Europäische Gesellschaft. Grundlagen und Perspektiven, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2005, 268 S., 34,90 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
ผลการปฏิบัติการสอนของครูผู้สอนชีววิทยาตามแนวการสร้างองค์ความรู้ด้วยตนเอง ผ่านการศึกษาบทเรียน
Creators: name: ศศิเทพ ปิติพรเทพิน
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: ครูผู้สอนชีววิทยา, แนวการสร้างองค์ความรู้ด้วยตนเอง, การศึกษาบทเรียน

description: 6, 32, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์  มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
การสร้างแบบจำลองทุ่งนํ้าท่วมของลุ่มนํ้าเลยด้วยโปรแกรม
Creators: name: ศักดิ์ชาย พวงจันทร์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: แบบจำลองทุ่งน้ำท่วม, HEC-RAS, ลุ่มน้ำเลย, แบบจำลองทางคณิตศาสตร์, การไหลแบบไม่คงตัว

description: 6, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton Accretion in a Reactive Medium: Detonation Ignition and a Mechanism for Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Steigerwald, Heinrich
name: Tejeda, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detonation initiation in a reactive medium can be achieved by an externally created shock wave. Supersonic flow onto a gravitating center, known as Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (BHL) accretion, is a natural shock wave creating process, but, to our knowledge, a reactive medium has never been considered in the literature. Here, we conduct an order of magnitude analysis to investigate under which conditions the shock-induced reaction zone recouples to the shock front. We derive three semianalytical criteria for self-sustained detonation ignition. We apply these criteria to the special situation where a primordial black hole (PBH) of asteroid mass traverses a carbon-oxygen white dwarf (WD). Since detonations in carbon-oxygen WDs are supposed to produce normal thermonuclear supernovae (SNe Ia), the observed SN Ia rate constrains the fraction of dark matter (DM) in the form of PBHs as $\log_{10}(f_{\rm PBH})< 0.8 \log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/3\times 10^{22}{\rm g})$ in the range $10^{21}\!-\!10^{22}$g ($10^{20}\!-\!10^{22}$g) from a conservative (optimistic) analysis. Most importantly, these encounters can account for both the rate and the median explosion mass of normal sub-Chandrasekhar SNe Ia if a significant fraction of DM is in the form of PBHs with mass $10^{23}$g.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Fast recursive filters for simulating nonlinear dynamic systems
Creators: name: van Hateren, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A fast and accurate computational scheme for simulating nonlinear dynamic systems is presented. The scheme assumes that the system can be represented by a combination of components of only two different types: first-order low-pass filters and static nonlinearities. The parameters of these filters and nonlinearities may depend on system variables, and the topology of the system may be complex, including feedback. Several examples taken from neuroscience are given: phototransduction, photopigment bleaching, and spike generation according to the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. The scheme uses two slightly different forms of autoregressive filters, with an implicit delay of zero for feedforward control and an implicit delay of half a sample distance for feedback control. On a fairly complex model of the macaque retinal horizontal cell it computes, for a given level of accuracy, 1-2 orders of magnitude faster than 4th-order Runge-Kutta. The computational scheme has minimal memory requirements, and is also suited for computation on a stream processor, such as a GPU (Graphical Processing Unit).
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. A comparison with 4th-order Runge-Kutta integration shows that the new algorithm is 1-2 orders of magnitude faster. The paper is in press now at Neural Computation
การใช้เทคนิคเหมืองข้อมูลในการเลือกกลุ่มสาขาวิชาที่เหมาะสมสำหรับการศึกษาต่อระดับปริญญาตรี
Creators: name: อนันต์ ปินะเต
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: การพยากรณ์การเลือกกลุ่มสาขาวิชา, เทคนิคต้นไม้ตัดสินใจ, เทคนิคเหมืองข้อมูล

description: 6, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Integration of iron in natural and synthetic Al-pyrophyllites: an infrared spectroscopic study
Creators: name: Lantenois, Sébastien
name: Bény, Jean-Michel
name: Muller, Fabrice
name: Champallier, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous studies focus on the relationships between chemical composition and OHband positions in the infrared (IR) spectra of micaceous minerals. These studies are based on the coexistence, in dioctahedral micas or smectites, of several cationic pairs around the hydroxyl group which each produce a characteristic band in the IR spectrum. The aim of this work is to obtain the wavenumber values of the IR OH vibration bands of the (Al-Fe3+)-OH and (Fe3+-Fe3+)-OH local cationic environments of 'pyrophyllite type' in order to prove, disprove or modify a model of dioctahedral phyllosilicate OH-stretching band decomposition. Natural samples are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies and electron microprobe; the hydrothermal synthesis products are also analysed by powder XRD and FTIR after inductively coupled plasma measurements to obtain the chemical compositions of nascent gel phases. Natural samples contain some impurities which were eliminated after acid treatment; nevertheless, a small Fe content is found in the pyrophyllite structure. The amount of Fe which is incorporated within the pyrophyllite structure is much more important for the synthetic samples than for the natural ones. The IR OH bands were clearly observed in both natural and synthetic pyrophyllites and assigned to hydroxides bonded to (Al-Al), (Al-Fe) and (Fe-Fe) cationic pairs. During this study, three samples were analysed by DTG to check the cis- or trans-vacant character of the layers and to determine the influence of this structural character on the OH-stretching band position in IR spectroscopy.
Improving data-driven model-independent reconstructions and updated constraints on dark energy models from Horndeski cosmology
Creators: name: Reyes, Mauricio
name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the statistical performance of cosmological observations, in this work we present an improvement on the Gaussian reconstruction of the Hubble parameter data $H(z)$ from Cosmic Chronometers, Supernovae Type Ia and Clustering Galaxies in a model-independent way in order to use them to study new constraints in the Horndeski theory of gravity. First, we have found that the prior used to calibrate the Pantheon supernovae data significantly affects the reconstructions, leading to a 13$σ$ tension on the $H_0$ value. Second, according to the $χ^{2}$-statistics, the reconstruction carried out by the Pantheon data calibrated using the $H_{0} $ value measured by The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program is the reconstruction which fits best the observations of Cosmic Chronometers and Clustering of Galaxies datasets. Finally, we use our reconstructions of $H(z)$ to impose model-independent constraints in dark energy scenarios as Quintessence and K-essence from general cosmological viable Horndeski models, landscape in where we found that a Horndeski model of the K-essence type can reproduce the reconstructions of the late expansion of the universe within 2$σ$.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables. Version accepted in JCAP