cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Deep Autoencoder Framework for Discovery of Metastable Ensembles in Biomacromolecules
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Satyabrata
name: Mondal, Jagannath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mini-proteins and peptides manifest dynamic conformational fluctuation and involve mutual interconversion among metastable states. A robust mapping of the conformational landscape underlying mini-proteins and peptides often requires low-dimensional projection of the conformational ensemble along optimized collective variables. However, the traditional choice for the collective variable (CV) is often limited by user-intuition and prior knowledge about the system, which lacks a rigorous assessment of their optimality over other candidate CVs. To address this issue, we propose a generic approach in which we first choose the possible combinations of inter-residue Calpha-distances within a given macromolecule as a set of input CVs. Subsequently we derive a non-linear combination of latent-space embedded collective variables via auto-encoding the unbiased MD simulation trajectories within the framework of feed-forward neural network. We demonstrate the ability of the derived latent space variables in elucidating the conformational landscape in three hierarchically complex systems. When the conformational dynamics is resolved along the latent space CVs, it identifies key metastable states of a bead-in-a-spring polymer. The combination of the adopted dimensionally reduction technique with a Markov state model, built on the derived latent space, efficiently projects the free energy landscape of GB1 beta-hairpin, revealing multiple spatially well-resolved and kinetically well-separated metastable conformations. A quantitative comparison based on variational approach to Markov Process of the auto encoder-derived latent-space CVs with the ones obtained PCA or TICA confirms the optimality of the former. Finally, as a practical application, we demonstrate that the auto-encoder derived CVs successfully predict the reinforced folding of Trp-cage mini-protein in an aqueous osmolyte solution.
Deep Semantic Segmentation at the Edge for Autonomous Navigation in Vineyard Rows
Creators: name: Aghi, Diego
name: Cerrato, Simone
name: Mazzia, Vittorio
name: Chiaberge, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precision agriculture is a fast-growing field that aims at introducing affordable and effective automation into agricultural processes. Nowadays, algorithmic solutions for navigation in vineyards require expensive sensors and high computational workloads that preclude large-scale applicability of autonomous robotic platforms in real business case scenarios. From this perspective, our novel proposed control leverages the latest advancement in machine perception and edge AI techniques to achieve highly affordable and reliable navigation inside vineyard rows with low computational and power consumption. Indeed, using a custom-trained segmentation network and a low-range RGB-D camera, we are able to take advantage of the semantic information of the environment to produce smooth trajectories and stable control in different vineyards scenarios. Moreover, the segmentation maps generated by the control algorithm itself could be directly exploited as filters for a vegetative assessment of the crop status. Extensive experimentations and evaluations against real-world data and simulated environments demonstrated the effectiveness and intrinsic robustness of our methodology.
description: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2021)
Investigation of Interdigitated Flow Channel for the Performance Analysis of the PEMFC
Creators: name: V S, Ajith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90201 Automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering (incl. Alternative/Renewable Fuels)
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The performance of fuel cell depends on the various design and operating parameters. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) performance depends on the operating like operating temperature, pressure, stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen and oxygen and design parameters like landing width to channel width ratio (L:C), the shape of the flow channel and the number of passes in the flow channel. In this work, single pass interdigitated flow channel of 16 cm2 (4cm x 4cm) active area model has been designed using Creo software and it has been analyzed using CFD fluent software. The power density has been calculated for L:C - 2:2 with the effect of various operating temperature (303, 313,323 and 333K), constant pressure of 2 bar and constant inlet reactant mass flow rate of the PEMFC has been considered.
title: Frontmatter, Foreword, Conference Organization, External Reviewers, Table of Contents
Creators: name: Dürr, Christoph
name: Wilke, Thomas
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Foreword
subject: Conference Organization
subject: External Reviewers
subject: Table of Contents

description: Frontmatter, Foreword, Conference Organization, External Reviewers, Table of Contents
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 14, 29th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2012), pages i-xvi
Coupler-Assisted Controlled-Phase Gate with Enhanced Adiabaticity
Creators: name: Chu, Ji
name: Yan, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates are essential building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computers. Over the past decade, tremendous efforts have been made to develop scalable high-fidelity two-qubit gates with superconducting quantum circuits. Recently, an easy-to-scale controlled-phase gate scheme that utilizes the tunable-coupling architecture with fixed-frequency qubits [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 240502; Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 240503] has been demonstrated with high fidelity and attracted broad interest. However, in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanism is still missing, preventing us from fully exploiting its potential. Here we present a comprehensive theoretical study, explaining the origin of the high-contrast ZZ interaction. Based on improved understanding, we develop a general yet convenient method for shaping an adiabatic pulse in a multilevel system, and identify how to optimize the gate performance from design. Given state-of-the-art coherence properties, we expect the scheme to potentially achieve a two-qubit gate error rate near $10^{-5}$, which would drastically speed up the progress towards fault-tolerant quantum computation.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
The fully connected N-dimensional skeleton: probing the evolution of the cosmic web
Creators: name: Sousbie, T.
name: Colombi, S.
name: Pichon, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A method to compute the full hierarchy of the critical subsets of a density field is presented. It is based on a watershed technique and uses a probability propagation scheme to improve the quality of the segmentation by circumventing the discreteness of the sampling. It can be applied within spaces of arbitrary dimensions and geometry. This recursive segmentation of space yields, for a $d$-dimensional space, a $d-1$ succession of $n$-dimensional subspaces that fully characterize the topology of the density field. The final 1D manifold of the hierarchy is the fully connected network of the primary critical lines of the field : the skeleton. It corresponds to the subset of lines linking maxima to saddle points, and provides a definition of the filaments that compose the cosmic web as a precise physical object, which makes it possible to compute any of its properties such as its length, curvature, connectivity etc... When the skeleton extraction is applied to initial conditions of cosmological N-body simulations and their present day non linear counterparts, it is shown that the time evolution of the cosmic web, as traced by the skeleton, is well accounted for by the Zel'dovich approximation. Comparing this skeleton to the initial skeleton undergoing the Zel'dovich mapping shows that two effects are competing during the formation of the cosmic web: a general dilation of the larger filaments that is captured by a simple deformation of the skeleton of the initial conditions on the one hand, and the shrinking, fusion and disappearance of the more numerous smaller filaments on the other hand. Other applications of the N dimensional skeleton and its peak patch hierarchy are discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supercritical dusty BH growth in the early Universe
Creators: name: Ishibashi, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes (with $\mathrm{M_{BH} \sim 10^9 M_{\odot}}$) are observed in the first Gyr of the Universe, and their host galaxies are found to contain unexpectedly large amounts of dust and metals. In light of the two empirical facts, we explore the possibility of supercritical accretion and early black hole growth occurring in dusty environments. We generalise the concept of photon trapping to the case of dusty gas and analyse the physical conditions leading to dust photon trapping. Considering the parameter space dependence, we obtain that the dust photon trapping regime can be more easily realised for larger black hole masses, higher ambient gas densities, and lower gas temperatures. The trapping of photons within the accretion flow implies obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs), while it may allow a rapid black hole mass build-up at early times. We discuss the potential role of such dust photon trapping in the supercritical growth of massive black holes in the early Universe.
description: MNRAS, in press
Dynamic Formation of Metastable Intermediate State Patterns in Type-I Superconductors
Creators: name: Prozorov, R.
name: Hoberg, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure of the intermediate state in type-I superconducting lead (Pb) is shown to be very sensitive to the ramp rate of an applied magnetic field. The configurations of resulting static patterns depend sensitively on the shape of the specimen. In particular, geometric barrier, present in the samples with rectangular cross-section, plays an important role in determining the sharp boundary between the phases of different topology. We propose that seemingly laminar (stripe) pattern obtained as a result of the fast field ramp is simply an imprint left behind by the fast-moving flux tubes. Our results confirm that flux tube phase is topologically favorable.
description: to be presented at LT-25 (Amsterdam, 2008)
Left-behind regions in the European Union : Conceptualisation - Operationalisation - Classification
Creators: name: Bernard, Josef
name: Refisch, Martin
name: Kostelecky, Tomas
name: Grzelak, Anna
name: Konopski, Michal
name: Klärner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2025
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The concept of left-behind places or regions has skyrocketed in recent years and various empirical studies are using the concept to describe (not only) economically lagging regions. Yet, there is still no settled definition and method of measurement of left-behindness in the social sciences. In the methodological part this working paper presents a plausible conceptualisation and operationalisation of left-behind regions in European Union countries. The operationalization of “left-behindness” is guided by several principles: it is relative to national standards, multidimensional, and both structural and dynamic. Labour market regions are identified as the appropriate spatial unit for analysis. The study uses NUTS3 regions, aggregated for metropolitan areas and adjacent regions, excluding extraterritorial and small countries. A total of 918 regions across 25 countries are analysed using indicators related to economic viability, social structure, and population development from 1993 to 2021. Our empirical analysis highlights how the nature of “left-behindness” varies across Europe, with a particular focus on Central and Eastern Europe. In these regions, left-behindness is closely tied to regional disadvantages, char-acterized by low economic prosperity, reduced social status, and higher poverty rates. These areas often experi-ence stagnation or shrinkage, with non-metropolitan regions being particularly affected, possibly due to poorer infrastructure. In other parts of Europe, the different dimensions of left-behindness are less coherently associ-ated and do not form clear spatial patterns. In particular, poverty is spatially decoupled from low economic pros-perity in many countries. Overall, we identified macro-regional differences of left-behindness manifestation across Europe, shaped by historical, economic, and social factors unique to each region.
description: 10.3220/WP1737358537000
Symphony: Composing Interactive Interfaces for Machine Learning
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Alex
name: Cabrera, Ángel Alexander
name: Hohman, Fred
name: Maher, Megan
name: Koski, David
name: Suau, Xavier
name: Barik, Titus
name: Moritz, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.m; I.7.m

description: Interfaces for machine learning (ML), information and visualizations about models or data, can help practitioners build robust and responsible ML systems. Despite their benefits, recent studies of ML teams and our interviews with practitioners (n=9) showed that ML interfaces have limited adoption in practice. While existing ML interfaces are effective for specific tasks, they are not designed to be reused, explored, and shared by multiple stakeholders in cross-functional teams. To enable analysis and communication between different ML practitioners, we designed and implemented Symphony, a framework for composing interactive ML interfaces with task-specific, data-driven components that can be used across platforms such as computational notebooks and web dashboards. We developed Symphony through participatory design sessions with 10 teams (n=31), and discuss our findings from deploying Symphony to 3 production ML projects at Apple. Symphony helped ML practitioners discover previously unknown issues like data duplicates and blind spots in models while enabling them to share insights with other stakeholders.
description: Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
MODELLING OF MEMS INERTIAL SENSORS AND ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT USING EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER
Creators: name: V S, Ajith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90601 Circuits and Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Inertial navigation uses gyroscopes and accelerometers to maintain an estimate of the position, velocity, attitudeand attitude rates of the aircraft. Gyroscopes are used in various applications to sense either the angle turned through by a vehicle or structure (displacement gyroscopes) or its angular rate of turn about some defined axis (rate gyroscopes). Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) devices are one of the most exciting developments in inertial sensors.Micro inertial sensors, such as MEMS gyroscopes, can provide small, inexpensive, low power devices; however, theaccuracy of these devices is insufficient for many space applications. The aim of this project is to develop a mathematical model of thevibratory MEMS gyroscope and to derive the governing equations of motion of these systems using the Newton-Euler approach. The individual outputs of many nominally identical micro sensors can be combined to generate an arithmetic average of the sensor measurements and then processed this average in an appropriate Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The estimates are generally much more accurate than the measurements taken directly from the sensors.
Universal Rise of Hadronic Total Cross Sections based on Forward pi p and pbarp(pp) Scatterings
Creators: name: Ishida, Muneyuki
name: Igi, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there are several evidences of the increase of the total cross section sigma(tot) to be log2 s consistent with the Froissart unitarity bound, and the COMPETE collaborations in the PDG have further assumed sigma(tot) = B log2(s/s0) to extend its universal rise with a common value of B for all the hadronic scatterings. However, there is no rigorous proof yet based only on QCD. Therefore, it is worthwhile to prove this universal rise of sigma(tot) even empirically. In this letter we attempt to obtain the value of B for pi p scattering, B(pi p), with reasonable accuracy by taking into account the rich pi p data in all the energy regions. We use the finite-energy sum rule(FESR) expressed in terms of the pi p scattering data in the low and intermediate energies as a constraint between high-energy parameters. We then have searched for the simultaneous best fit to the sigma(tot) and rho ratios, the ratios of the real to imaginary parts of the forward scattering amplitudes. The lower energy data are included in the integral of FESR, the more precisely determined is the non-leading term such as log s, and then helps to determine the leading terms like log2 s. We have derived the value of B(pi p) as B(pi p)=0.311 +- 0.044mb. This value is to be compared with the value of B for pbarp,pp scattering, B(pp), in our previous analysis[11], B(pp)=0.289 +- 0.023mb. Thus, our result appears to support the universality hypothesis.
description: 7 pages, to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Chern classes of blow-ups
Creators: name: Aluffi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C17, 57R20

description: We extend the classical formula of Porteous for blowing-up Chern classes to the case of blow-ups of possibly singular varieties along regularly embedded centers. The proof of this generalization is perhaps conceptually simpler than the standard argument for the nonsingular case, involving Riemann-Roch without denominators. The new approach relies on the explicit computation of an ideal, and a mild generalization of the well-known formula for the normal bundle of a proper transform. We also discuss alternative, very short proofs of the standard formula in some cases: an approach relying on the theory of Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes (working in characteristic 0), and an argument reducing the formula to a straightforward computation of Chern classes for sheaves of differential 1-forms with logarithmic poles (when the center of the blow-up is a complete intersection).
description: 17 pages
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy : a study of unstable molecules
Creators: name: Colbourne, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The technique of ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UV PES) has been used to detect unstable molecules in the gas phase. The production of the species under: investigation can be continuously monitored, allowing experimental conditions to be altered to optimize the yield of the desired product. It has therefore proven possible to develop methods of producing high purity gas phase samples of four different groups of unstable molecules; hypochlorites (HOCl, CH₃OCl, C₂H₅OCl, (CH₃)₃COCl), halamines (NH₂Cl, NHCl₂, NCl₃, CH₃NHCl, (CH₃)₂NCl, CH₃NCl₂, NH₂Br, CH₃HBr, (CH₃)₂NBr, CH₃NBr₂, NHF₂, NDF₂) , substituted ketenes (ClHC=C=O, Cl₂C=C=O, BrHC=C=O, Br₂C=C=O, CH₃HC=C=O, (CH₃)₃C=C=O) and formic anhydride, (HCO)₂O. For the latter compound the stable anhydrides (CH₃CO)₂O, (CF₃CO)₂O, (CClF₂CO)₂O, (CCl₃CO)₂O were also investigated for comparison. The Hel photoelectron spectra thus obtained are free from impurities in most cases, this permitting the valence electronic energy levels of these molecules below 21.22eV to be fully studied. The effect of halogen or alkyl substitution upon the functional group has been determined providing information on electronic interactions within the molecule e.g. inductive, resonance and through bond. Several of the molecules studied here have never been observed before in the gas phase eg. CH₃NHBr, CH₃NBr₂, Cl₂C=C=O, Br₂C=C=O and many are sufficiently small that a full assignment of the Hel photo- electron spectrum can be given on the basis of the observed vibrational fine structure (providing information on the ionic vibrational frequencies), comparison with known isoelectronic molecules and the substituent effects observed within the group. In cases where additional support for an assignment was necessary the experimental ionization potentials have been compared to semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations (CNDO/2, HAM 3) within the limits of Koopmans' theorem.
General Relativistic Effect of Gravitomagnetic Charge on Pulsar Magnetosphere and Particle Acceleration in a Polar Cap
Creators: name: Morozova, V. S.
name: Ahmedov, B. J.
name: Kagramanova, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study magnetospheric structure surrounding rotating magnetized neutron star with nonvanishing NUT (Newman-Tamburino-Unti) parameter. For the simplicity of calculations Goldreich-Julian charge density is analyzed for the aligned neutron star with zero inclination between magnetic field, gravitomagnetic field and rotation axis. From the system of Maxwell equations in spacetime of slowly rotating NUT star, second-order differential equation for electrostatic potential is derived. Analytical solution of this equation indicates the general relativistic modification of an accelerating electric field and charge density along the open field lines by the gravitomagnetic charge. The implication of this effect to the magnetospheric energy loss problem is underlined. In the second part of the paper we derive the equations of motion of test particles in magnetosphere of slowly rotating NUT star. Then we analyze particle motion in the polar cap and show that NUT parameter can significantly change conditions for particle acceleration.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Perpendicular Diffusion of Energetic Particles: A Complete Analytical Theory
Creators: name: Shalchi, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past two decades scientists have achieved a significant improvement of our understanding of the transport of energetic particles across a mean magnetic field. Due to test-particle simulations as well as powerful non-linear analytical tools our understanding of this type of transport is almost complete. However, previously developed non-linear analytical theories do not always agree perfectly with simulations. Therefore, a correction factor $a^2$ was incorporated into such theories with the aim to balance out inaccuracies. In this paper a new analytical theory for perpendicular transport is presented. This theory contains the previously developed unified non-linear transport theory, the most advanced theory to date, in the limit of small Kubo number turbulence. For two-dimensional turbulence new results are obtained. In this case the new theory describes perpendicular diffusion as a process which is sub-diffusive while particles follow magnetic field lines. Diffusion is restored as soon as the turbulence transverse complexity becomes important. For long parallel mean free paths one finds that the perpendicular diffusion coefficient is a reduced field line random walk limit. For short parallel mean free paths, on the other hand, one gets a hybrid diffusion coefficient which is a mixture of collisionless Rechester & Rosenbluth and fluid limits. Overall the new analytical theory developed in the current paper is in agreement with heuristic arguments. Furthermore, the new theory agrees almost perfectly with previously performed test-particle simulations without the need of the aforementioned correction factor $a^2$ or any other free parameter.
Statistically Analyzing the Influence of Solidago altissima Gall Volume on Eurosta solidaginis Larvae Survivability
Creators: name: Bhansali, Rohan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Goldenrods are clonal plants on which Eurosta solidaginis oviposits its eggs, ultimately leading to a gall being formed in the peduncle of the goldenrod. The common predators of E. solidaginis larvae include Eurytoma gigantea, Eurytoma obtusiventris, and Mordellistena unicolor. This investigation studied the relationship between a species’ occurrence and the volume of the galls the species occupied. Approximately 300 goldenrod plants were randomly collected and brought from two fields in Rochester, New York. The gall’s diameters were measured to calculate its volume, and the inhabiting species was gathered based on the interior characteristics of the gall. The data was used to perform Welch’s t-tests in order to determine if a notable difference in means of gall volume existed for each species. While M. unicolor and E. solidaginis occurrence did not change with different gall volumes, E. gigantea and E. obtusiventris exhibited proclivity towards galls of smaller and larger volumes, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that E. solidaginis’ survivability was irrelevant to the gall’s volume and that E. gigantea and E. obtusiventris occurrence increased inversely and proportionally to gall volume, sequentially.
Perlodes dispar
Creators: name: Zwick, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlodidae
Perlodes
Perlodes dispar

description: Perlodes dispar (Rambur 1842) Material examined. Numerous specimens from Germany and the entire range between Toulouse, Sweden and Armenia were examined for egg structure. Biometry was performed on 12♂ and 7♀ from Germany, Hesse, river Fulda at Schlitz-Richthof, 10♂, 7♀ from Hungary, river Raba at Magyarlak, and single males from Rio Lozoya, central Spain; France, Pont du Gard; Sweden, R. Njva; and Armenia, Village Kasach. Brachypterism. Male wings are between 1.2 and 1.8 times as long as head width, the distribution peaks at a RLW of 1.4. In a RWL frequency distribution, males are widely separate from females. Egg structure. The anchor disc margin is covered by numerous irregularly shaped polygons which are barely sclerotized and were difficult to draw (Fig. 5). No individual or geographical variation was observed. Notes. Albarda (1889) studied the types of Rambur's Perlidae in coll. Selys-Longchamps. He identified the single male from Paris as " Dictyopteryx microcephala Pictet, ♂, forma microptera" which supports the present interpretation of the name. All males in samples including P. dispar females were very dark, live specimens appearing almost black and the way in which they moved to hide reminded one of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
description: Published as part of Zwick, Peter, 2011, Polymorphism And Taxonomic Problems In The Perlodes Microcephalus Group (Plecoptera: Perlodidae); Perlodes Mortoni Removed From Synonymy, pp. 291-296 in Illiesia 7 (26) on pages 292-293, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758218
description: {"references": ["Rambur, J. P. 1842. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Nevropteres. Paris, XVIII + 534 pp., 12 pls.", "Albarda, H. 1889. Notes sur les perlides decrites par le Dr. Rambur. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 33: 37 - 49."]}
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISATION OF GLASS/EPOXY, CARBON/EPOXY, AND HYBRID COMPOSITE
Creators: name: V S, Ajith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Glass, Carbon and hybrid fiber material is a well-established branch of research in composite structures stability. Ithas a wide range of applications in engineering science and technology. Polymeric materials reinforced with synthetic fibers such as glass, carbon, and hybrid fiber provide advantages of high stiffness and strength to weight ratio as compared to conventional construction materials. Composite subjected to in-plane loads is an important consideration in the preliminary design of aircraft and launch vehicle components. The sizing of many structural subcomponents of these vehicles is often determined by stabilityconstraints. The purpose of this project was to generate the experimental and analytical investigation, conducted to find out the mechanical properties. In analytical method, the different types of stress distributions were found out by using the ANSYS 12 software. In experimental method, the mechanical properties were found by using tensile test and flexural test in universal testing machine.Composite fiber Plates are extensively used as structural members in aircraft design. The Glass fiber, carbon fiber and hybrid materials behavior of such has always received much attention by researchers. These materials were used access in the cas e of fuselage, wings, windows and doors. In some cases composite materials are used to reduce the weight of the structure. In aerospace and many other applications these structural components are also made up of composite material to further reduce the weight of the structure. The outstanding mechanical properties of composite structures, such as durability and corrosion -resistance characteristics combined with low density, make it more attractive compared to conventional materials.
Soft supersymmetry breaking from stochastic superspace
Creators: name: Kobakhidze, Archil
name: Pesor, Nadine
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new realization of softly broken supersymmetric theories as theories defined on stochastic superspace. At the classical level, the supersymmetry breaking is parameterized in terms of a single (in general complex) mass parameter, $ξ$, describing the stochasticity of the Grassmannian superspace coordinates. In the context of the standard model with stochastic supersymmetry, the structure of the soft breaking terms has various characteristic features that can be tested in LHC experiments. Namely, at the classical level, the $B_μ$ parameter, the universal soft trilinear coupling $A_0$, the universal gaugino mass $m_{1/2}$ and the universal scalar mass $m_0$ are given solely in terms of $ξ$; there are no other arbitrary parameters. The relations are $B_μ= ξ^*$, $A_0 = 2ξ^*$, $m_{1/2} = |ξ|/2$ and $m_0 = 0$. At the quantum level, these relations hold at a certain scale $Λ$ which is a second free parameter. The soft scalar masses, zero at tree-level, are induced radiatively through the renormalization group equations at one-loop. With this pattern of soft breaking terms, large supersymmetric contributions to FCNC processes are avoided. As a concrete illustration of the proposed formalism, we consider a minimal model, which is just the constrained MSSM with the stochastic superspace relations amongst the soft-breaking parameters imposed at the scale $Λ$. We show that this theory is phenomenologically viable for a certain region in the $(ξ,Λ)$ parameter space. Some sensible extensions of the minimal model are then briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages (revtex), 4 figures. v2: Added author. The introduction has been extended and in the main text we now show that Lambda > M_GUT leads to phenomenologically acceptable outcomes
New model of 4D Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New spherically symmetric solution in 4D Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics is obtained. At infinity this solution has the Reissner--Nordström behavior of the charged black hole. The black hole thermodynamics, entropy, shadow, energy emission rate and quasinormal modes of black holes are investigated.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Universe
Ferroelectric to incommensurate fluctuations crossover in PbHfO3-PbSnO3
Creators: name: Kniazeva, Maria A.
name: Ganzha, Alexander E.
name: Jankowska-Sumara, Irena
name: Pasciak, Marek
name: Majchrowski, Andrzej
name: Filimonov, Alexey V.
name: Rudskoy, Andrey I.
name: Roleder, Krystian
name: Burkovsky, Roman G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perovskite solid solutions PbHfO3-PbSnO3 offer valuable opportunities for studying the formation mechsnisms of incommensurate phases, owing to the presence of an intermediate (between cubic and incommensurate) phase, which is stabilized in PbHfO3 upon PbSnO3 admixture. Here, x-ray diffuse scattering signal is used to quantify the evolution of susceptibilities related to different modes of distortion (ferroelectric, incommensurate, antiferrodistortive) as a function of temperature and the results are critically compared to the predictions of a minimal symmetry-based Landau-like model with two coupled order parameters (ferroelectric and antiferrodistortive) and incommensurate order parameter being interpreted as inhomogeneous polarization. Experimentally, we observe a Curie-Weiss-like linear dependence of ferroelectric stiffness (inverse of susceptibility related to homogeneous polarization fluctuations) in the cubic phase down to about 50 K above the transition to the intermediate phase, where this dependence nearly saturates. Upon cooling down to the intermediate phase, the maximum of susceptibility shifts gradually to the non-zero wavevector, where another Curie-Weiss-like linear stiffness trend is established, but with respect to the incommensurate order parameter. Symmetry of diffuse scattering distributions indicates an orthorhombic symmetry of the intermediate phase. A notable temperature dependence of the constant that describes the energy of polarization inhomogeneities is observed experimentally, which is in disagreement with the model expectations. Specifics of this dependence suggest the presence of a nearly temperature-independent characteristic length scale for inhomogeneities across several phases. Other differences with the model suggest that the incommensurate order parameter cannot be straightforwardly identified with weakly-inhomogeneous ferroelectric polarization.
Abelian functions associated with a cyclic tetragonal curve of genus six
Creators: name: England, M.
name: Eilbeck, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K20; 14H55; 14K25

description: We develop the theory of Abelian functions defined using a tetragonal curve of genus six, discussing in detail the cyclic curve $y^4 = x^5 + λ_4x^4 + λ_3x^3 + λ_2x^2 + λ_1x + λ_0$. We construct Abelian functions using the multivariate $σ$-function associated to the curve, generalising the theory of the Weierstrass $\wp$-function. We demonstrate that such functions can give a solution to the KP-equation, outlining how a general class of solutions could be generated using a wider class of curves. We also present the associated partial differential equations satisfied by the functions, the solution of the Jacobi Inversion Problem, a power series expansion for $σ(\bu)$ and a new addition formula.
description: 31 pages. Version 2 with corrected typos, updated references, and improved structure of the paper
The drivers and implications of environmental innovations: European evidence at different levels of analysis
Creators: name: Ghisetti, Claudia <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: The present work is a collection of three essays devoted at understanding the determinants and implications of the adoption of environmental innovations EI by firms, by adopting different but strictly related schumpeterian perspectives. Each of the essays is an empirical analysis that investigates one original research question, formulated to properly fill the gaps that emerged in previous literature, as the broad introduction of this thesis outlines. The first Chapter is devoted at understanding the determinants of EI by focusing on the role that knowledge sources external to the boundaries of the firm, such as those coming from business suppliers or customers or even research organizations, play in spurring their adoption. The second Chapter answers the question on what induces climate change technologies, adopting regional and sectoral lens, and explores the relation among green knowledge generation, inducement in climate change and environmental performances. Chapter 3 analyzes the economic implications of the adoption of EI for firms, and proposes to disentangle EI by different typologies of innovations, such as externality reducing innovations and energy and resource efficient innovations. Each Chapter exploits different dataset and heterogeneous econometric models, that allow a better extension of the results and to overcome the limits that the choice of one dataset with respect to its alternatives engenders. The first and third Chapter are based on an empirical investigation on microdata, i.e. firm level data extracted from innovation surveys. The second Chapter is based on the analysis of patent data in green technologies that have been extracted by the PATSTAT and REGPAT database. A general conclusive Chapter will follow the three essays and will outline how each Chapter filled the research gaps that emerged, how its results can be interpreted, which policy implications can be derived and which are the possible future lines of research in the field.
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with Germanium Detectors: 10$^{26}$ yr and Beyond
Creators: name: D'Andrea, V.
name: Di Marco, N.
name: Junker, M. B.
name: Laubenstein, M.
name: Macolino, C.
name: Morella, M.
name: Salamida, F.
name: Vignoli, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the global landscape of neutrinoless double beta ($0νββ$) decay search, the use of semiconductor germanium detectors provides many advantages. The excellent energy resolution, the negligible intrinsic radioactive contamination, the possibility of enriching the crystals up to 88% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope as well as the high detection efficiency, are all key ingredients for highly sensitive $0νββ$ decay search. The MAJORANA and GERDA experiments successfully implemented the use of germanium (Ge) semiconductor detectors, reaching an energy resolution of $2.53 \pm 0.08$ keV at the Q$_{ββ}$ and an unprecedented low background level of $5.2 \times 10^{-4}$ cts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr), respectively. In this paper, we will review the path of $0νββ$ decay search with Ge detectors from the original idea of E. Fiorini et al. in 1967, to the final recent results of the GERDA experiment setting a limit on the half-life of $^{76}$Ge $0νββ$ decay at $T_{1/2} > 1.8 \times 10^{26}$ yr (90\% C.L.). We will then present the LEGEND project designed to reach a sensitivity to the half-life up to $10^{28}$ yr and beyond, opening the way to the exploration of the normal ordering region.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures
Detection and extraction of signals from the epoch of reionization using higher order one-point statistics
Creators: name: Harker, Geraint J. A.
name: Zaroubi, Saleem
name: Thomas, Rajat M.
name: Jelic, Vibor
name: Labropoulos, Panagiotis
name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Brentjens, Michiel A.
name: de Bruyn, A. G.
name: Ciardi, Benedetta
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
name: Pandey, V. N.
name: Pawlik, Andreas H.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Yatawatta, Sarod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting redshifted 21cm emission from neutral hydrogen in the early Universe promises to give direct constraints on the epoch of reionization (EoR). It will, though, be very challenging to extract the cosmological signal (CS) from foregrounds and noise which are orders of magnitude larger. Fortunately, the signal has some characteristics which differentiate it from the foregrounds and noise, and we suggest that using the correct statistics may tease out signatures of reionization. We generate mock datacubes simulating the output of the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) EoR experiment. These cubes combine realistic models for Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds and the noise with three different simulations of the CS. We fit out the foregrounds, which are smooth in the frequency direction, to produce residual images in each frequency band. We denoise these images and study the skewness of the one-point distribution in the images as a function of frequency. We find that, under sufficiently optimistic assumptions, we can recover the main features of the redshift evolution of the skewness in the 21cm signal. We argue that some of these features - such as a dip at the onset of reionization, followed by a rise towards its later stages - may be generic, and give us a promising route to a statistical detection of reionization.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. One figure added. Other small changes to match accepted version
Local Trigonometric Methods for Time Series Smoothing.
Creators: name: Gentile, Maria <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: The thesis is concerned with local trigonometric regression methods. The aim was to develop a method for extraction of cyclical components in time series. The main results of the thesis are the following. 
First, a generalization of the filter proposed by Christiano and Fitzgerald is furnished for the smoothing of ARIMA(p,d,q) process.
 Second, a local trigonometric filter is built, with its statistical properties.
Third, they are discussed the convergence properties of trigonometric estimators, and the problem of choosing the order of the model.
A large scale simulation experiment has been designed in order to assess the performance of the proposed models and methods. The results show that local trigonometric regression may be a useful tool for periodic time series analysis.
The exact dynamical solution for two dust shells collapsing towards a black hole
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuang Nan
name: Liu, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational collapse of a star is an important issue both for general relativity and astrophysics, which is related to the well known "frozen star" paradox. Following the seminal work of Oppenheimer and Schneider (1939), we present the exact solution for two dust shells collapsing towards a pre-existing black hole. We find that the inner region of the shell is influenced by the property of the shell, which is contrary to the result in Newtonian theory and and the clock inside the shell becomes slower as the shell collapses towards the pre-existing black hole. This result in principle may be tested experimentally if a beam of light travels across the shell. We conclude that the concept of the "frozen star" should be abandoned, since matter can indeed cross a black hole's horizon according to the clock of an external observer. Since matter will not accumulate around the event horizon of a black hole, we predict that only gravitational wave radiation can be produced in the final stage of the merging process of two coalescing black holes. Our results also indicate that for the clock of an external observer, matter, after crossing the event horizon, will never arrive at the "singularity" (i.e. the exact center of the black hole.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contributed talk to the Second Kolkata Conference on Observational Evidence for Black Holes in the Universe, Feb. 2008, Editor Sandip Chakrabarti
Synthesis of jasmonoids : Synthesis of cyclic ketal-type insect pheromones
Creators: name: Sum, Phaik-Eng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis consists of two parts. Part I describes the preparation of cyclopentenones using trimethylsilylpropyne as an acetonyl unit, and its application to the synthesis of cis-jasmone (1) and dihydrojasmone (3) . β-Keto ester dianions were alkylated at the γ-carbon with 3-bromo-l-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne. The resulting alkynes were hydrated to give the 1,4-diketo compounds which were then cyclized to the corresponding cyclopentenones, cis-jasmone (1) and dihydrojasmone (3) . Part II describes the synthesis of various cyclic ketal insect pheromones, viz., frontalin (17) , endo-brevicomin (16) , exo-brevicomin (15) , (-)-α-multistriatin (18α) and lineatin (22) , which have considerable economic values due to their potential utility in the control of beetle population. The dianion of methyl acetoacetate was alkylated with homoallylic bromides. The resulting alkenes were epoxidized and then cyclized with a Lewis acid to produce esters containing the 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane skeleton. These esters were hydrolyzed and decarboxylated. This methodology was utilized in a synthesis of frontalin (17) and stereospecific syntheses of endo-brevicomin (16), and exo-brevicomin (15). In addition, one of the intermediates in the synthesis of 15 was partially resolved, leading to optically active exo-brevicomin. A chiral synthesis of (-)-α-multistriatin (18α) was accomplished using methyl α-D-glucopyranoside (7i) as starting material. Methyl 4,6-0-benzylidene-2,3-dideoxy-2-C-methyl-α-D-arabino-hexopyranoside (197) was prepared in six steps from methyl α-D-glucopyranoside (71) . The benzylidene 197 was converted into the alkene 207. Then the methyl group at C-4 in the intermediate 201 was generated by a stereoselective hydro-genation of 207 using Wilkinson's catalyst. The dithiane derivative 219 was used to effect both introduction of the ethyl side-chain and the cyclization to form the bicyclic ketal skeleton. The spectral data of the synthetic (-)-α-multistriatin (18α) was found to be identical with those for the natural compound. A synthesis of lineatin (22) is also described. The cis fused bicyclo[4.2.0] ring system in 22 was constructed via a photocycloaddition reaction involving 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-2-pentenoic acid 6-lactone 119 and allene. A mixture of regio-isomers 233 and 234 was obtained in a ratio of 5:3. This mixture was used throughout the subsequent reactions and the final isomeric products lineatin (22) and 23 were separated by column chromatography. The present route to lineatin (22) represents a major improvement over the previous syntheses in terms of efficiency and stereoselectivity. [See thesis for Chemical Diagrams]