Pontocaris pennata Bate 1888
Creators: name: Han, Qingxi
name: Li, Xinzheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Crangonidae
Pontocaris
Pontocaris pennata

description: Pontocaris pennata Bate, 1888
Pontocaris pennata Bate, 1888: 499, pl. 91. — Ortmann, 1895: 175. — Liu, 1963: 231. — Chace, 1984: 43. — Liu & Zhong, 1994: 561. — Chan, 1996: 313, figs. 16–17.
Material examined. East China Sea. 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM 042505, CN 12-12, 29°00'N, 122°30'E, 46 m, soft mud, BT, coll. LIN Guangyu & ZHU Jinzhao, 20 Jan 1959; 1 female (cl 9.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.5 mm), MBM 042487, CN 19-16, 28°00'N, 122°30'E, 81 m, BT, coll. XU Jieshan, 2 Feb 1959; 1 female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM 042484, CN V230-31, 29°00'N, 122°30'E, 46 m, soft mud, BT, coll. LIAO Yulin, 2 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 11.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM 042478, CN D49B-4, 28°30'N, 123°00'E, 70 m, brown muddy sand, AT, coll. XU Jieshan, 5 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 10.7 mm), MBM048889, CN D137B-10, 29°00'N, 124°00'E, 82 m, gray mud, AT, coll. CUI Yuheng, 5 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7. 1 mm), 1 female (cl 10.4, mm), MBM228784, CN F45B-4, 29°30'N, 123°30'E, 69 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang & ZHU Jinzhao, 8 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7. 5 mm), 2 females (cl 9.4, 9.8 mm), MBM 042497, CN D144B-2, 28°00'N, 122°30'E, 65 m, brown sandy mud, AT, coll. CUI Yuheng, 9 Dec 1959.
Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tokin). 1 ovig. female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM228704, CN R104B-28, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 60.5 m, gray soft mud, AT, coll. LIANG Guansheng, 4 Dec 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.4 mm), MBM228780, CN X13 B-31, 19°30'N, 107°00'E, 51 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 5 Dec 1959; 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM228708, CN X141B-51, 19°30'N, 107°30'E, 57.5 m, sand, AT, 5 Dec 1959; 2 males (cl 6.7, 7.0 mm), 1 female (cl 8.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 7.3 mm), MBM228783, CN X34 B-33, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 69 m, mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 10 Dec 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM228749, CN X35 B-14, 18°30'N, 108°15'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 10 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.3 mm), MBM228698, CN X32 B-23, 18°30'N, 107°00'E, 62 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 10 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.3 mm), 1 female (cl 7.5 mm), CN X41 B-9, MBM228758, 17°45'N, 107°45'E, 80 m, mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 11 Dec 1959; 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM228710, CN X43 B-14, 17°30'N, 107°00'E, 50 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 11 Dec 1959; 1 female (cl 8.6 mm), MBM228695, CN X40 B-20, 18°00'N, 108°00'E, 93 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 11 Dec 1959; 2 males (cl 6.4, 7.1 mm), 2 females (cl 7.4, 8.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM228699, CN X42 B-6, 17°30'N, 107°30'E, 71 m, mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 11 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 6. 7 mm), MBM228751, CN X46 B-14, 18°00'N, 107°00'E, 60 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 12 Dec 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM228722, CN X48 B-4, 19°45'N, 109°00'E, 26 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 3 Feb 1960; 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM228725, CN X51 B-10, 19°45'N, 108°00'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 4 Feb 1960; 2 ovig females (cl 8.0, 9.3 mm), MBM228700, CN X49 B- 8, 19°45'N, 108°45'E, 55 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 4 Feb 1960; 4 males (cl 7.0- 7.4 mm), 1 female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM228728, CN X62 B-31, 19°30'N, 108°00'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 9 Feb 1960; 2 males (cl 7.1, 7.4 mm), 1 female (cl 8.4 mm), MBM228727, CN X63 B-3, 19°30'N, 108°30'E, 55.5 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 9 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), MBM228711, CN X61 B-27, 19°30'N, 107°30'E, 53.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 9 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.0 mm), MBM228778, CN X69 B-3, 19°00'N, 107°00'E, 60 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 11 Feb 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.4 mm), MBM228693, CN X81 B-22, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 71 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang & RUAN Wenkuo, 12 Feb 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM228735, CN Q145B-63, 20°30'N, 108°30'E, 48 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 14 Feb 1960; 1 female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM228732, CN X93 B-54, 18°00'N, 107°00'E, 63 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 14 Feb 1960; 2 ovig. females (cl 8.2, 8.7 mm), MBM228767, CN Q171B-44, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 61 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 12 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), MBM228739, CN Q172B-45, 20°00'N, 108°00'E, 60 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 13 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM228702, CN Q180B-52, 20°15'N, 108°30'E, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 15 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM228741, CN Q188B-50, 20°30'N, 107°30'E, 34 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 18 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM228730, CN Q187B-4, 20°30'N, 108°00'E, 47.5 m, muddy sand with gravel, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 18 Apr 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM228729, CN Z12B-29, 19°00'N, 108°15'E, 39.2 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 13 May 1960; 2 ovig. females (cl 8.5, 8.9 mm), MBM228717, CN Z7B-35, 19°30'N, 107°00'E, 50 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 14 May 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM228769, CN Z15B-10, 19°00'N, 107°30'E, 67.6 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 16 May 1960; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 2 females (cl 8.7, 9.3 mm), MBM228712, CN Q206B-34, 18°45'N, 108°15'E, 41 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 18 May 1960; 2 females (cl 9.4, 9.7 mm), MBM228760, CN Q208B-52, 18°15'N, 108°15'E, 76 m, muddy sand, AT, 20 May 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM228753, CN Q217B-41, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 62 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 25 May 1960; 2 females (cl 6.4, 8.6 mm), MBM228724, CN Q218B-51, 18°30'N, 107°30'E, 72 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 25 May 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM228701, CN Q125B-42, 18°00'N, 107°00'E, 62 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 25 May 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM228775, CN Q220B-59, 18°30'N, 108°15'E, 62 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 26 May 1960; 1 male (cl 6.6 mm), 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM228740, CN Q219B-29, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 76 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 26 May 1960; 1 male (cl 6.7 mm), MBM228771, CN K206B-41, 19°45'N, 107°00'E, 43 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 6 Jul 1960; 1 female (cl 6.9 mm), MBM228745, CN K212B-4, 19°30'N, 106°30'E, 32.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 7 Jul 1960; 2 ovig. females (cl 7.3, 7.8 mm), MBM228719, CN K213B-34, 19°30'N, 107°00'E, 49.6 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 7 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 5.8 mm), MBM228737, CN K220B-29, 19°00'N, 108°00'E, 58.9 m, coarse muddy sand, AT, 8 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 7.0 mm), MBM228759, CN K221B-18, 19°00'N, 107°30'E, 60.8 m, fine muddy sand, AT, 9 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 8.0 mm), 1 female (cl 8.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 7.8 mm), MBM228752, CN K235B-12, 18°30'N, 108°15'E, 53.4 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 11 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 5.9 mm), 3 females (cl 9.0- 9.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 7.8 mm), MBM228736, CN K239B- 9, 18°15'N, 108°15'E, 85.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang & ZHENG Feng, 11 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 7.6 mm), 3 females (cl 7.9-9.8 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM228721, CN K234B-3, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 74.6 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 11 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 7.3 mm), MBM228709, CN Q228B-53, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 62.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 11 Jul 1960; 3 females (cl 8.3-9.0mm), MBM228720, CN K240B-9, 18°00'N, 108°00'E, 90.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 12 Jul 1960; 1 male (cl 6.5 mm), 1 female (cl 5.3mm), MBM228747, CN Q243B-42, 20°30'N, 108°30'E, 53 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 15 Jul 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM228776, CN Q284B-36, 20°15'N, 108°30'E, 57.5 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 8 Oct 1960; 2 males (cl 6.0, 6.4 mm), 1 female (cl 6.2 mm), MBM228706, CN K249B-25, 19°45'N, 108°45'E, 58 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 8 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 1 female (cl 6.9 mm), MBM228733, CN K250B- 52, 19°45'N, 108°30'E, 69 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 9 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 6.2 mm), MBM228772, CN K271B-18, 19°00'N, 107°00'E, 59 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. NA Ronghua & GUAN Xilian, 19 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 5.6 mm), MBM228705, CN K270B-53, 19°00'N, 107°30'E, 69 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 19 Oct 1960; 1 female (cl 7.9 mm), MBM228715, CN K282B-26, 18°30'N, 107°30'E, 66 m, fine soft mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 21 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 7.6 mm), 5 females (cl 7.8- 9.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 11.0 mm), MBM228694, CN K286B-54, 18°15'N, 108°15'E, 81 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 23 Oct 1960; 1 female (cl 8.6 mm), MBM228781, CN K291B-25, 18°00'N, 107°00'E, 67 m, soft mud, AT, coll. NA Ronghua, 24 Oct 1960; 1 female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM228768, CN K287B-30, 18°00'N, 108°00'E, 91 m, soft mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 24 Oct 1960; 1 female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM228773, CN K289B-60, 17°30'N, 107°30'E, 68 m, soft mud, AT, 24 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 7.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.0 mm), MBM228754, CN K294B-31, 18°00'N, 107°30'E, 85 m, soft mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 24 Oct 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), CN Q270B-43, MBM228774, 20°00'N, 108°00'E, 53 m, sand, AT, 5 Nov 1960; 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM228777, CN Q296B-28, 20°30'N, 108°00'E, 45 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 10 Nov 1960; 1 female (cl 7.5 mm), MBM228713, CN Q295B-32, 20°45'N, 108°30'E, 45 m, soft sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 11 Nov 1960; 1 male (cl 6.5 mm), 1 female (cl 7.9 mm), MBM228703, CN X143B-25, 18°20'N, 108°15'E, 82 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 6 Jan 1962; 2 females (cl 8.1, 8.7 mm), MBM228761, CN X147B-17, 18°00'N, 106°35'E, 37 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 7 Jan 1962; 1 male (cl 7.1 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM228718, CN X145B-25, 17°40'N, 107°15'E, 72 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 7 Jan 1962; 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM228744, CN X150B-54, 19°00'N, 106°50'E, 55 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 12 Jan 1962; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 3 females (cl 7.2-9.2 mm), MBM228723, CN X160B-24, 19°35'N, 108°00'E, 60 m, sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 14 Jan 1962; 1 female (cl 7.8 mm), MBM228765, CN X169B-98, 20°30'N, 107°15'E, 29 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 20 Jan 1962; 1 male (cl 7.1 mm), 3 females (cl 8.5-9.2 mm),1 ovig. female (cl 7.1 mm), MBM228757, CN X172B-67, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 62 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 21 Jan 1962; 1 female (cl 7.9 mm), MBM228726, CN X175B-44, 20°40'N, 108°30'E, 49 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 22 Jan 1962; 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM228782, CN X185B-24, 18°00'N, 107°45'E, 90 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 9 Apr 1962; 1 male (cl 8.0 mm), 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM228731, CN X191B-29, 19°00'N, 106°50'E, 59 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 11 Apr 1962; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.6 mm), MBM228714, CN X196B-41, 19°00'N, 107°00'E, 60 m, sandy mud, AT, 12 Apr 1962; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM228738, CN X197B-48, 19°00'N, 107°30'E, 68m, soft mud, AT, 12 Apr 1962; 2 females (cl 7.4, 9.2 mm), MBM228746, CN X200B-36, 19°30'N, 108°30'E, 51 m, soft mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 13 Apr 1962; 1 ovig. 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM228764, CN X188B-30, 18°00'N, 106°35'E, 33 m, soft mud, AT, 14 Apr 1962; 2 males (cl 6.7, 7.1 mm), MBM228779, CN X227B-42, 17°40'N, 107°15'E, 68 m, soft mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 16 Aug 1962; 2 females (cl 8.0, 8.7 mm), MBM228770, CN X226B-23, 18°00'N, 107°45'E, 83 m, mud, AT, 16 Aug 1962; 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), 1 female (cl 5.4 mm), MBM228755, CN X230B-34, 18°10'N, 107°00'E, 67 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 17 Aug 1962; 1 female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM228766, CN X244B-32, 19°50'N, 107°00'E, 38 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 21 Aug 1962; 1 male (cl 6.3 mm), 1 female (cl 5.5 mm), MBM228763, CN X253B-68, 20°10'N, 108°00'E, 56 m, coarse sand, AT, 25 Aug 1962; 1 female (cl 6.0 mm), MBM228743, CN X254B-53, 20°10'N, 108°30'E, 67 m, sandy mud, AT, 25 Aug 1962; 1 male (cl 6.7 mm), 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), MBM228750, CN X272B-23, 18°10'N, 107°00'E, 65 m, sandy mud, AT, 10 Oct 1962; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM228748, CN X273B-22, 19°00'N, 106°50'E, 57 m, sandy mud, AT, 11 Oct 1962; 2 males (cl 6.0, 6.9 mm), MBM228716, CN X282B-24, 19°30'N, 108°30'E, 54 m, soft mud, AT, 12 Oct 1962; 1 female (cl 6.7 mm), MBM228742, CN X280B-28, 19°00'N, 108°00'E, 54 m, soft mud, AT, 12 Oct 1962; 1 female (cl 7.8 mm), MBM228762, CN X290B-29, 19°25'N, 107°00'E, 51 m, coarse sand, AT, 14 Oct 1962; 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), 3 females (cl 7.7-8.4 mm), MBM228734, CN X295B-27, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 64 m, sandy mud, AT, 18 Oct 1962; 1 female (cl 6.8 mm), MBM228756, CN X302B-29, 20°40'N, 108°30'E, 46 m, coarse sand, AT, 29 Oct 1962.
South China Sea (northern part). 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048912, CN S190B-44, 21°15'N, 109°24'10"E, 81 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM048891, CN 12-39, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 65 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican & CHEN Jili, 17 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7. 3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.9 mm), MBM048867, CN 13-8, 20°00'N, 108°00'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 21 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048910, CN 24-33, 20°30'N, 109°00'E, 49 m, mud, BT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 24 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7. 5 mm), MBM048856, CN 22-22, 20°30'N, 108°00'E, 47.6 m, fine sandy mud, BT, coll. TANG Zhican, 24 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 4 females (cl 8.2-9.1mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.7 mm), MBM048956, CN 2-66, 18°45'N, 110°45'01"E, 118.5 m, mud with shells and gravel, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 25 Jan 1959; 3 males (cl 6.7-6.9 mm), 3 females (cl 5.8-8.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048830, CN 2-1, 19°45'N, 108°45'E, 54.5 m, soft mud, BT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 25 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), 2 females (cl 8.5, 8.7 mm), MBM048925, CN 8-3, 19°00'N, 108°00'E, 72 m, soft mud, BT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 26 Jan 1959; 2 females (cl 9.1, 9.2 mm), MBM048949, CN 7-7, 20°00'N, 111°30'E, 77 m, muddy sand, BT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 26 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.4 mm), MBM048955, CN 15-37, 19°15'N, 111°00'E, 78 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 27 Jan 1959; 3 males (cl 6.8-8.0 mm), 4 females (cl 8.0- 8.8 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048948, CN 15-5, 18°15'N, 108°15'E, 83 m, soft mud, 27 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048892, CN 6-4, 18°30'N, 110°30'E, 112 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 27 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048915, CN 7-3, 18°15'N, 110°30'E, 125 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 27 Jan 1959; 5 males (cl 6.8-7.2 mm), 5 females (cl 5.3-8.7 mm), MBM048906, CN 19-3, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 48 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 28 Jan 1959; 1 female (cl 7.5 mm), MBM048919, CN 21-18, 18°15'N, 108°45'E, 37 m, muddy sand, AT, 28 Jan 1959; 7 males (cl 7.4-8.4 mm), 8 females (cl 8.8-10.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.3 mm), MBM048952, CN 18-20, 19°45'N, 111°15'E, 70 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 28 Jan 1959; 3 males (cl 7.2-8.4 mm), MBM048931, CN 17-18, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 90 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 28 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 1 female (cl 8.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048900, CN 14-23, 18°12'N, 109°45'E, 68 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 29 Jan 1959; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 2 females (cl 7.9, 9.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048923, CN 19-21, 18°00'N, 108°30'E, 79 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 28 Jan 1959; 2 males (cl 7.5, 8.2 mm), 1 female (cl 9.5 mm), MBM048865, CN 15-29, 18°00'N, 109°30'E, 68 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 29 Jan 1959; 2 males (cl 7.0, 7.0 mm), MBM048794, CN S145B-25, 18°15'N, 111°00'E, 62 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu & LIANG Guansheng, 11 Feb 1959; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), MBM048885, CN 30-20, 16°30'N, 110°00'E, 85 m, fine muddy sand, AT, coll. H. Li, 16 Feb 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048905, CN 4-26, 21°15'N, 109°24'E, 80 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 16 Feb 1959; 2 males (cl 7.9, 8.2 mm), MBM048866, 21°00'N, 109°24'E, 104 m, sand, AT, 16 Feb 1959; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.4, 10.0 mm), MBM048894, CN 11-14, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 95 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 19 Feb 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.5 mm), MBM048861, CN 24-18, 17°00'N, 109°00'E, 110 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 19 Feb 1959; 1 female (cl 9.0 mm),1 ovig. female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM048935, CN 38-19, 21°15'N, 114°00'E, 56 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 20 Feb 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), MBM048898, CN 14-19, 21°15'N, 114°30'E, 66 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 13 Mar 1959; 2 females (cl 8.2, 9.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048904, CN 15-60, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 48 m, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 17 Mar 1959; 1 female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM048881, CN 23-10, 21°15'N, 109°24'E, 86 m, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 20 Mar 1959; 1 male (cl 6.8 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.5, 10.1 mm), MBM048855, CN 28-22, 22°00'N, 115°00'E, 63 m, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 21 Mar 1959; 1 male (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048906, CN 24- 12, 21°00'N, 114°30'E, 85 m, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 21 Mar 1959; 1 male (cl 7.6 mm), MBM048879, CN 31-3, 21°45'N, 115°30'E, 91 m, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 22 Mar 1959; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), MBM048899, CN Q25-4, 18°30'N, 110°15'E, 46 m, soft mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 4 Apr 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM048886, CN S57B-25, 21°30'N, 115°30'E, 115 m, mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 5 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), 1 female (cl 9.5 mm), 4 ovig. females (cl 9.0- 10.6 mm), MBM048944, CN Q27-9, 19°00'N, 110°45'E, 80 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 5 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM048887, CN S66B-8, 21°30'N, 115°00'E, 91 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 8 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 10.0 mm), MBM048903, CN S67B-2, 21°00'N, 115°00'E, 102 m, mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 8 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 10.0 mm), MBM048896, CN Q36B-3, 18°00'N, 110°00'E, 89 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 8 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), MBM048882, CN S77B-8, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 54.5 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 9 Apr 1959; 2 females (cl 5.8, 7.9 mm), MBM048907, CN Q40B-13, 17°45'N, 109°30'E, 84 m, soft sandy mud, BT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 9 Apr 1959; 3 males (cl 6.9-7.6 mm), 3 females (cl 6.0- 9.5 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.3, 9.1 mm), MBM048938, CN S78B-24, 21°15'N, 114°30'E, 75 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Apr 1959; 2 males (cl 7.9, 8.3 mm), 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM048742, CN S79B-9, 21°00'N, 114°00'E, 78 m, sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM048874, CN Q45B-13, 17°45'N, 109°00'E, 74 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 11 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 8.0 mm), MBM048909, CN Q44B-16, 17°30'N, 109°00'E, 92 m, soft mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 11 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM048871, CN L47B-7, 20°15'N, 111°30'E, 70 m, soft mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 12 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 8.2 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 8.8-9.2 mm), MBM048933, CN L46B-70, 20°00'N, 111°30'E, 76.5 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 12 Apr 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM048738, CN L45B-37, 19°30'N, 111°30'E, 113 m, soft sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 12 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 7.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.7 mm), MBM048914, CN Q56B-5, 18°00'N, 108°00'E, 86 m, coarse muddy sand, BT, coll. XU Fengshan, 16 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 7.6 mm), 2 females (cl 6.7, 9.6 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.3, 8.8 mm), MBM048901, CN Q58B-11, 18°30'N, 108°00'E, 72 m, soft mud, BT, coll. XU Fengshan, 17 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 7.7, 8.0 mm), MBM048747, CN N39B-1, 20°00'N, 108°30'E, 65 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 18 Apr 1959; 2 males (cl 8.1, 8.7 mm), 1 female (cl 10.3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048908, CN K28B-31, 21°00'N, 112°30'E, 54 m, soft muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 18 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.3, 10.1 mm), MBM048761, CN K29B-39, 20°30'N, 112°30'E, 89 m, fine sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 18 Apr 1959; 2 females (cl 9.1, 10.5 mm), MBM048922, CN L57B-73, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 96.5 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 20 Apr 1959; 1 juv. (cl 3.8 mm), MBM048788, CN Q48B-42, 21°00'N, 108°30'E, 35 m, soft mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 20 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 6.1 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.7 mm), MBM048873, CN K36B-72, 21°00'N, 113°00'E, 54 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 21 Apr 1959; 2 males (cl 6.7, 6.9 mm), 3 females (cl 9.7-10.4 mm), MBM048942, CN K35B-57, 20°30'N, 113°00'E, 87 m, fine sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 21 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 9.0 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 10.2, 10.7 mm), MBM048940, CN K34B-70, 20°00'N, 113°00'E, 104 m, fine sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 21 Apr 1959; 2 males (cl 7.3, 8.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.5 mm), MBM048929, CN L64B-24, 19°00'N, 111°00'E, 109 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 22 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048895, CN L63B-8, 18°45'N, 111°00'E, 122.5 m, soft mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 22 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 7.2 mm), MBM048859, CN K43B-67, 21°15'N, 114°00'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 24 Apr 1959; 4 females (cl 9.4-10.2 mm), 4 ovig. females (cl 8.4-9.4 mm), MBM048918, CN K44B-62, 21°00'N, 113°30'E, 58 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 24 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 10.0 mm), MBM048745, CN K45B-55, 20°00'N, 114°00'E, 89 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SUN Fuzeng, 25 Apr 1959; 4 males (cl 5.8-7.8 mm), 3 females (cl 5.6-9.3 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 8.4-9.8 mm), MBM048924, CN L69B-52, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 52 m, soft mud, BT, coll. MA Xiutong, 25 Apr 1959; 2 males (cl 7.3, 8.1 mm), 5 females (cl 9.7-10.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.3 mm), MBM048959, CN L68B-93, 19°45'N, 111°15'E, 78 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 25 Apr 1959; 1 male (cl 5.1 mm), MBM048869, CN L67B-25, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 86 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 25 Apr 1959; 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.7 mm), MBM048752, CN K50B-48, 20°30'N, 112°00'E, 71 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 3 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 8.5 mm), 2 females (cl 9.5, 10.0 mm), MBM048951, CN K51B-44, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 94 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 3 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 6.4 mm), 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.7 mm), MBM048868, CN K57B-43, 20°30'N, 112°30'E, 78 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 5 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), 4 females (cl 8.9-10.2 mm), MBM048941, CN K58B-42, 21°00'N, 112°30'E, 52 m, soft sandy mud, AT, 6 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 8.4 mm), 2 females (cl 6.6, 7.9 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM048934, CN R23B-17, 18°30'N, 110°15'E, 46 m, muddy sand, AT, 9 Jul 1959; 1 juv. (cl 4.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM048878, CN SIII9B-72, 21°15'N, 109°24'10"E, 82 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 10 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 6.1 mm), MBM048852, CN SIII8B-33, 21°00'N, 114°30'E, 84.6 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 10 Jul 1959; 1 juv. (cl 4.7 mm), MBM048911, CN SIII5B-9, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 57.5 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 10 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 6.5 mm), MBM048849, CN SIII6B-14, 21°15'N, 114°30'E, 73 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 10 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), MBM048884, CN SIII7B-38, 21°00'N, 114°00'E, 80 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 10 Jul 1959; 5 females (cl 4.7-7.7 mm), MBM048877, CN R28B- 29, 18°30'N, 110°30'E, 103 m, coarse sand, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 10 Jul 1959; 2 females (cl 5.9, 7.7 mm), MBM048860, CN SIII12B-48, 22°00'N, 114°30'E, 44.6 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 11 Jul 1959; 3 juv. (cl 4.7-5.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.5 mm), MBM0 48864, CN SIII11B-26, 21°45'N, 114°30'E, 62.4 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 11 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 8.3 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.9, 10.3 mm), MBM048739, CN K56B-81, 20°30'N, 113°00'E, 87 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 11 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 8.2 mm), 5 females (cl 8.0- 9.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.4 mm), MBM048950, CN N64B-31, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 48 m, soft mud, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 12 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 10.0 mm), MBM048932, CN R34B-37, 16°30'N, 110°00'E, 75 m, soft mud, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 12 Jul 1959; 1 juv. (cl 4.8 mm), MBM048750, CN SIII16B-27, 21°45'N, 115°00'E, 83.7 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 13 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 9.9 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.8 mm), MBM048853, CN N66B-15, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 90 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. TANG Zhican, 13 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 8.2-9.5 mm), MBM048927, CN N67B-17, 19°30'N, 111°00'E, 38 m, sand with shells, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 13 Jul 1959; 2 males (cl 6.3, 7.9 mm), 1 juv. (cl 4.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048890, CN N68B-41, 19°15'N, 111°00'E, 79 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 13 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 10.3 mm), MBM048893, CN SIII20B-16, 21°45'N, 115°30'E, 105.3 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 14 Jul 1959; 1 juv. (cl 3.6 mm), MBM048851, CN SIII19B-17, 21°30'N, 115°30'E, 115 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 14 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 9.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.3 mm), MBM048737, CN K73B-25, 21°00'N, 113°30'E, 74 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. MA Xiutong, 14 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 7.6 mm), MBM048875, CN N178B-30, 20°30'N, 111°30'E, 61 m, soft mud, BT, coll. TANG Zhican, 14 Jul 1959; 1 male (cl 6.0 mm), 1 female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048897, CN R366-30, 18°00'N, 109°30'E, 70 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 14 Jul 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 7.3 mm), MBM048888, CN R42B-39, 17°45'N, 109°00'E, 83 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. XU Fengshan & D. Yu, 15 Jul 1959; 5 females (cl 6.9-9.7 mm), MBM048862, CN N76B-82, 20°00'N, 111°30'E, 81 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 16 Jul 1959; 3 males (cl 6.9-7.8 mm), 2 females (cl 8.5, 10.1 mm), MBM048873, CN 275B-62, 19°30'N, 111°30'E, 116 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 16 Jul 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048858, CN R46B-29, 18°15'N, 108°30'E, 68 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. XU Fengshan & D. Yu, 16 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 8.2 mm), MBM048928, CN R47B-8, 18°00'N, 108°30'E, 83 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. FAN Zhengang, 16 Jul 1959; 3 females (cl 5.9-7.7 mm), MBM048921, CN SIII23B-11, 22°15'N, 115°30'E, 47.2 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu, 17 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 8.3 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 8.3 -8.6 mm), MBM048863, CN N179B-41, 20°45'N, 111°30'E, 49 m, soft mud, BT, coll. TANG Zhican, 17 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 5.1 mm), MBM048902, CN SIII27B-20, 20°00'N, 116°00'E, 87 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 19 Jul 1959; 1 female (cl 6.7 mm), MBM048909, CN N85B-50, 21°00'N, 111°30'E, 40 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 18 Oct 1959; 1 male (cl 6.4 mm), 2 females (cl 6.6, 7.3 mm), MBM048802, CN N86B-21, 20°45'N, 111°30'E, 45.8 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 18 Oct 1959; 2 females (cl 6.2, 9.3 mm), MBM048799, CN N87B-25, 20°30'N, 111°30'E, 58 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 18 Oct 1959; 2 males (cl 7.5, 7.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048754, CN N88B-18, 20°15'N, 111°30'E, 71.5 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 18 Oct 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 10.5 mm), MBM048766, CN K83B-26, 20°30'N, 113°30'E, 90 m, sand, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 19 Oct 1959; 5 males (cl 6.9-7.8 mm), 5 females (cl 6.2- 9.7 mm), MBM048938, CN N90B-15, 19°30'N, 111°30'E, 102 m, fine sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 19 Oct 1959; 11 males (cl 6.2-7.6 mm), 13 females (cl 6.2-9.4 mm), MBM048957, CN N98B-13, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 44 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 19 Oct 1959; 2 males (cl 5.3, 5.8 mm), 3 females (cl 7.1-10.6 mm), MBM048740, CN K89B-46, 20°30'N, 113°00'E, 92 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 20 Oct 1959; 2 females (cl 5.7, 7.9 mm), MBM048748, CN K91B-10, 21°15'N, 113°00'E, 43 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 21 Oct 1959; 8 males (cl 6.2-7.9 mm), 7 females (cl 6.0- 10.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048937, CN N96B-24, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 89 m, sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 21 Oct 1959; 1 female (cl 8.1 mm), MBM048783, CN K97B-62, 20°30'N, 112°30'E, 74 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 22 Oct 1959; 2 males (cl 6.5, 6.6 mm), 5 females (cl 7.4-10.0 mm), MBM048958, CN K104B-2, 20°30'N, 112°00'E, 65 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 28 Oct 1959; 4 males (cl 6.0- 8.6 mm), 8 females (cl 7.4-9.3 mm), MBM048953, CN K103B-4, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 92 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WANG Yongliang, 28 Oct 1959; 2 males (cl 5.7, 8.5 mm), MBM048920, CN K102B-53, 19°30'N, 112°00'E, 122 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. XU Fengshan, 28 Oct 1959; 2 males (cl 7.2, 7.3 mm), 2 females (cl 7.9, 8.0 mm), MBM048814, CN N93B-54, 19°00'N, 111°00'E, 90 m, fine muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 28 Oct 1959; 1 female (cl 6.4 mm), MBM048805, CN K105B-42, 21°00'N, 112°00'E, 38 m, soft mud, BT, coll. XU Fengshan, 29 Oct 1959; 6 males (cl 5.8-8.5 mm), 4 females (cl 6.1-8.1 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.0, 10.0 mm), MBM048946, CN N97B-31, 19°45'N, 111°15'E, 73 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 29 Oct 1959; 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), MBM048779, CN N100B-28, 20°30'N, 111°00'E, 31 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 29 Oct 1959; 1 female (cl 7.2 mm), MBM048854, CN N101B-42, 20°45'N, 111°00'E, 31 m, soft mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 30 Oct 1959; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048812, CN K113B-3, 21°00'N, 112°30'E, 55 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 16 Nov 1959; 2 females (cl 8.6, 9.1 mm), MBM048785, CN K82B2-42, 21°00'N, 113°30'E, 74 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 19 Nov 1959; 3 males (cl 7.4-7.8 mm), 1 female (cl 7.6 mm), MBM048810, CN Q74B-60, 17°45'N, 108°30'E, 85 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 19 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048817, CN Q75B-74, 17°30'N, 108°30'E, 96.7 m, fine sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 19 Nov 1959; 8 males (cl 7.0- 7.8 mm), 16 females (cl 6.6-9.6 mm), MBM048961, CN Q72B-22, 18°15'N, 108°30'E, 78 m, sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 19 Nov 1959; 6 males (cl 5.6-7.5 mm), 14 females (cl 7.1-9.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048833, CN Q73B-11, 18°00'N, 108°30'E, 86 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 19 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 7.1 mm), 1 female (cl 7.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM048760, CN Q83B-21, 18°00'N, 109°30'E, 68 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 21 Nov 1959; 1 female (cl 7.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048807, CN Q84B-30, 17°45'N, 109°30'E, 87 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 21 Nov 1959; 3 males (cl 5.6-7.7 mm), MBM048795, CN Q82B-17, 18°15'N, 109°15'E, 22 m, fine muddy sand, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 21 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 7.1 mm), 5 females (cl 7.2-9.5 mm), MBM0 48782, CN Q90B-26, 18°15'N, 110°00'E, 79.5 m, muddy sand with shells, AT, coll. LI Chupu, 23 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 8.6 mm), MBM048808, CN Q87B-6, 17°30'N, 110°00'E, 125 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 23 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 8.7 mm), 3 females (cl 7.5- 8.6 mm), MBM048778, CN Q94B-34, 18°30'N, 110°30'E, 104 m, coarse sand with rocks, 24 Nov 1959; 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM048813, CN Q95B-71, 18°15'N, 110°30'E, 125 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 24 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 6.1 mm), 1 female (cl 7.0 mm), MBM048815, CN Q92B-12, 18°30'N, 110°15'E, 85 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 24 Nov 1959; 4 males (cl 7.2-8.6 mm), 6 females (cl 7.4-9.3 mm), MBM048954, CN Q98B-25, 19°00'N, 110°45'E, 90 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 28 Nov 1959; 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), 2 females (cl 7.5, 8.7 mm), MBM048811, CN S139B-28, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 54 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 1 female (cl 6.0 mm), MBM048916, CN S136B-21, 22°00'N, 113°30'E, 43 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Dec 1959; 1 female (cl 5.6 mm), MBM048801, CN S142B-17, 21°00'N, 1143°0'E, 82 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIANG Guansheng, 10 Dec 1959; 4 females (cl 7.8-8.4 mm), MBM048790, CN S140B-26, 21°15'N, 114°30'E, 75 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 1 female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048796, CN S141B-28, 21°00'N, 114°00'E, 80 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048939, CN S149B-60, 22°00'N, 115°00'E, 69.7 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu & LIANG Guansheng, 11 Dec 1959; 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), MBM048797, CN S151B-24, 21°30'N, 115°00'E, 96 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu & WU Shaozong, 12 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 6.7 mm), 4 females (cl 8.4-9.9 mm), MBM048917, CN S156B-29, 21°45'N, 115°30'E, 93.7 m, soft mud, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu & LIANG Guansheng, 20 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), 1 female (cl 8.3 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.5, 8.7 mm), MBM048945, CN S161-13, 22°00'N, 116°00'E, 85 m, fine sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Wufu & LIANG Guansheng, 23 Dec 1959; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 4 females (cl 8.9-9.3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048820, CN S185B-55, 22°00'N, 115°00'E, 62 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 8 Jan 1960; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 1 female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048772, CN Q115B-41, 22°00'N, 116°00'E, 88 m, fine sandy mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1960; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), MBM048753, CN S187B-41, 21°30'N, 115°00'E, 86.6 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 3 females (cl 8.2-9.2 mm), MBM048746, CN S188B-31, 21°00'N, 115°00'E, 108 m, coarse sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1960; 1 female (cl 9.3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048776, CN S191B-31, 21°30'N, 114°30'E, 75 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1960; 1 male (cl 7.3 mm), MBM048800, CN S189B-15, 21°00'N, 114°30'E, 79.6 m, sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 9 Jan 1960; 3 females (cl 8.8-9.3 mm), MBM048876, CN S192B-1, 21°45'N, 114°30'E, 60.7 m, soft mud, AT, coll. LIANG Guansheng, 10 Jan 1960; 4 males (cl 6.6-7.5 mm), 3 females (cl 7.5-10.9 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.1, 9.6 mm), MBM048960, CN S198B-19, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 54.6 m, soft mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Jan 1960; 3 females (cl 8.4-9.1 mm), MBM048857, CN S199B-19, 21°00'N, 114°00'E, 79 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 11 Jan 1960; 4 females (cl 8.6-9.9 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048839, CN K117B-41, 21°00'N, 112°00'E, 48 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 5 Feb 1960; 2 males (cl 6.9, 7.7 mm), 3 females (cl 8.4-8.8 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.5, 8.9 mm), MBM048835, CN K118B-9, 20°30'N, 112°00'E, 72 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 6 Feb 1960; 3 males (cl 7.6-8.3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM048771, CN K119B-43, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 94 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 6 Feb 1960; 2 males (cl 7.1, 7.7 mm), 3 females (cl 8.0- 8.4 mm), MBM048759, CN K126B-15, 21°00'N, 112°30'E, 50 m, soft muddy sand, BT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 7 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.6 mm), MBM048769, CN N109B-41, 20°45'N, 111°30'E, 47 m, soft mud, BT, coll. WU Shaozong, 7 Feb 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.9 mm), MBM048780, CN N110B-10, 20°30'N, 111°30'E, 63 m, soft mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 7 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), 4 females (cl 8.4-9.7 mm), MBM048751, CN N113B-15, 19°30'N, 111°30'E, 119 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 7 Feb 1960; 2 males (cl 6.1, 7.2 mm), 3 females (cl 8.8-9.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048823, CN K125B-50, 20°30'N, 112°30'E, 78 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 9 Feb 1960; 2 females (cl 8.5, 9.5 mm), MBM048770, CN N119B-23, 19°00'N, 111°00'E, 101 m, soft mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 9 Feb 1960; 3 females (cl 8.1-9.5 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.1, 9.2 mm), MBM048841, CN K133B-42, 20°30'N, 113°00'E, 87 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 10 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 4 females (cl 7.3-8.5 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 7.8-8.5 mm), MBM048829, CN N124B-39, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 52 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Feb 1960; 4 males (cl 7.5-7.8 mm), 12 females (cl 7.9-10.2 mm), 4 ovig. females (cl 8.9-9.6 mm), MBM048848, CN N123B-18, 19°45'N, 111°15'E, 70 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 10 Feb 1960; 4 males (cl 7.3-7.8 mm), 5 females (cl 8.9- 10.3 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.2 mm), MBM048827, CN N622B-33, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 97 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 10 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.8 mm), MBM048767, CN N120B-15, 19°15'N, 111°00'E, 80 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. WU Shaozong, 10 Feb 1960; 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 2 females (cl 7.8, 8.5 mm), MBM048880, CN K138B-6, 21°30'N, 113°30'E, 39.5 m, coarse muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 16 Feb 1960; 2 females (cl 8.1, 9.5 mm), MBM048870, CN K139B-123, 21°15'N, 114°00'E, 50 m, fine sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 17 Feb 1960; 2 males (cl 6.7, 7.1 mm), 3 females (cl 8.0- 8.4 mm), MBM048834, CN K140B-44, 21°00'N, 113°30'E, 74 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 17 Feb 1960; 3 females (cl 8.0- 8.9 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048757, CN K141B-33, 20°30'N, 113°30'E, 88 m, sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 17 Feb 1960; 1 female (cl 10.0 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.9, 10.1 mm), MBM048765, CN N139B- 19, 18°30'N, 110°30'E, 101 m, coarse sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 9 Mar 1960; 1 female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048764, CN N140B-67, 18°15'N, 110°30'E, 114 m, fine muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 9 Mar 1960; 1 juv. (cl 4.1 mm), 1 male (cl 7.4 mm), 2 females (cl 8.0, 9.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048741, CN N138B-29, 18°30'N, 110°15'E, 51.5 m, soft mud, BT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 9 Mar 1960; 2 females (cl 6.9, 9.7 mm), MBM048848, CN N144B-58, 17°45'N, 110°00'E, 105 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 10 Mar 1960; 12 males (cl 7.0- 8.2 mm), 7 females (cl 7.0-10.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM048831, CN N147B-19, 18°12'N, 109°45'E, 64 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. LIU Jixing, 10 Mar 1960; 2 males (cl 7.6, 7.9 mm), 3 females (cl 7.7-9.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.8 mm), MBM048822, CN N148B-70, 18°00'N, 109°30'E, 74 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. LIU Jixing, 11 Mar 1960; 1 male (cl 7.3 mm), MBM048913, CN N149B-9, 17°45'N, 109°30'E, 90 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 11 Mar 1960; 1 female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048784, CN N152B-36, 17°00'N, 109°00'E, 128 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. LIU Jixing, 11 Mar 1960; 3 males (cl 6.9-7.8 mm), 9 females (cl 6.5-10.0 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 9.0-10.0 mm), MBM048830, CN N159B-10, 18°15'N, 108°30'E, 60.8 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 12 Mar 1960; 1 female (cl 9.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.7 mm), MBM048838, CN N163B-18, 17°00'N, 108°30'E, 98 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 13 Mar 1960; 3 females (cl 8.9-9.8 mm), MBM048837, CN K145B-53, 21°00'N, 112°00'E, 45 m, soft mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 4 Apr 1960; 6 females (cl 8.3-9.4 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 8.3-9.3 mm), MBM048840, CN K146B-21, 20°30'N, 112°00'E, 68 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 4 Apr 1960; 2 males (cl 8.0, 8.1 mm), 5 females (cl 9.0- 10.4 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.8, 10.2 mm), MBM048825, CN K147B-42, 20°00'N, 112°00'E, 92 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 4 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.3 mm), MBM048786, CN S202B-29, 22°00'N, 113°30'E, 43 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 5 Apr 1960; 2 males (cl 5.3, 7.7 mm), 1 female (cl 9.0 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.2, 9.5 mm), MBM048843, CN K153B-64, 20°30'N, 112°30'E, 79.5 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. ZHANG Baolin, 6 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048847, CN N168B-30, 20°30'N, 111°30'E, 62 m, soft mud, BT, coll. WANG Shaowu, 6 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.2 mm), 2 females (cl 8.7, 9.0 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.5, 8.9 mm), MBM048846, CN N169B-30, 20°15'N, 111°30'E, 57 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. LIU Jixing, 6 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048798, CN N171B-52, 19°30'N, 111°30'E, 118 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Shaowu, 6 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.3 mm), MBM048803, CN S203B-11, 21°30'N, 114°00'E, 53 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 7 Apr 1960; 3 males (cl 7.2-7.6 mm), 1 female (cl 8.6 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 10.2 mm), MBM048824, CN K154B-7, 21°00'N, 112°30'E, 53 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 7 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.7 mm), MBM048743, CN S210B- 32, 21°30'N, 114°30'E, 73 m, soft mud, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 8 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.6 mm), MBM048787, CN S209B-21, 21°15'N, 109°24'E, 82 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 8 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.0, 9.1 mm), MBM048781, CN S208B-4, 21°00'N, 114°30'E, 83 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 8 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048792, CN S206B-19, 21°15'N, 114°30'E, 68.5 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 8 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), MBM048791, CN S207B-23, 21°00'N, 114°00'E, 77 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 8 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.1 mm), MBM048768, CN K161B-106, 21°30'N, 113°00'E, 88 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 8 Apr 1960; 2 females (cl 7.8, 9.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 8.8 mm), MBM048819, CN N176B-16, 19°00'N, 111°00'E, 96 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. WANG Shaowu, 8 Apr 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048789, CN K167B-17, 21°15'N, 114°00'E, 51 m, coarse sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 9 Apr 1960; 3 males (cl 7.3-7.7 mm), 1 female (cl 9.4 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.8, 8.9 mm), MBM048842, CN N181B-34, 20°00'N, 111°15'E, 50 m, soft mud, BT, coll. LIU Jixing, 9 Apr 1960; 2 males (cl 7.9, 8.1 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 9.0- 9.4 mm), MBM048826, CN N180B-52, 19°45'N, 111°15'E, 76 m, coarse sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Shaowu, 9 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 8.9, 9.7 mm), MBM048775, CN K179B-53, 19°30'N, 111°15'E, 87 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. WANG Shaowu, 9 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 7.5 mm), 2 females (cl 9.3, 9.4 mm), 3 ovig. females (cl 9.5-10.2 mm), MBM048844, CN K168B-46, 21°30'N, 113°30'E, 39 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. TANG Zhican, 10 Apr 1960; 1 female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048804, CN S215B-36, 22°00'N, 115°00'E, 60.8 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 12 Apr 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.9 mm), MBM048793, CN S216B- 22, 21°45'N, 115°00'E, 81.5 m, soft mud, AT, coll. QU Jingzuo, 13 Apr 1960; 1 male (cl 8.6 mm), MBM048816, CN S220B-12, 21°45'N, 115°30'E, 103 m, soft mud, AT, coll. CHEN Jili, 14 Apr 1960; 4 males (cl 6.9-8.7 mm), 2 females (cl 4.9, 8.1 mm), MBM0 48763, CN N191B-60, 19°15'N, 110°45'E, 36 m, fine gray sand with shells, AT, coll. LIU Jixing & SHEN Shoupeng, 6 May 1960; 1 male (cl 8.1 mm), 2 females (cl 8.8, 9.7 mm), MBM048744, CN N196B-75, 18°30'N, 110°30'E, 93 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 7 May 1960; 2 ovig. females (cl 9.6, 9.9 mm), MBM048821, CN N197B-78, 18°15'N, 110°30'E, 106 m, coarse sand with shells, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 7 May 1960; 1 male (cl 7.0 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.4, 10.0 mm), MBM048917, CN N195B-12, 18°30'N, 110°15'E, 40 m, soft mud, BT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 7 May 1960; 3 males (cl 7.0- 7.8 mm), 3 females (cl 7.1-9.6 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 9.8, 10.5 mm), MBM048832, CN N200B-65, 18°12'N, 109°45'E, 68 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 12 May 1960; 1 male (cl 7.7 mm), 1 female (cl 9.1 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.4 mm), MBM048755, CN N202B-73, 18°00'N, 110°00'E, 95 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 13 May 1960; 1 male (cl 7.9 mm), MBM048818, CN N203B-3, 17°45'N, 110°00'E, 106 m, coarse sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 13 May 1960; 2 males (cl 5.9, 6.7 mm), 5 females (cl 6.3-10.2 mm), MBM048756, CN N208B-2, 18°00'N, 109°30'E, 70 m, sandy mud, BT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 14 May 1960; 3 males (cl 7.5-8.7 mm), 1 female (cl 9.6 mm), MBM048762, CN N206B-62, 17°30'N, 109°30'E, 115 m, sandy mud, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 14 May 1960; 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048773, CN N211B-14, 18°00'N, 109°00'E, 45 m, muddy sand with broken shells, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 14 May 1960; 1 female (cl 8.9 mm), MBM048806, CN N212B-18, 17°45'N, 109°00'E, 85 m, 14 May 1960; 2 males (cl 7.8, 7.9 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 9.0 mm), MBM048758, CN N123B-58, 17°30'N, 109°00'E, 87 m, muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 15 May 1960; 4 males (cl 5.8-8.5 mm), 1 female (cl 8.5 mm), MBM048777, CN N218B-28, 18°00'N, 108°30'E, 69 m, fine muddy sand, AT, coll. SHEN Shoupeng, 15 May 1960; 1 ovig. female (cl 9.2 mm), MBM048774, CN N125B-56, 17°00'N, 108°00'E, 93 m, fine sand, AT, coll. LIU Jixing, 15 May 1960; 1 female (cl 5.7 mm), MBM228648, CN 42, 45°5'N, 113°20'E, 102 m, muddy sand with broken shells, AT, 1 Aug 1988.
Distribution. Japan, East China Sea, South China Sea, Philippines, Indonesia, at depths of 17–165 meters.
Remarks. The present material agrees well with the diagnosis of the species given by Chan (1996). Pontocaris pennata is a very common crangonid species in the East and South China Seas from the coastal waters of mainland China. The material examined was mainly collected by the National Comprehensive Oceanography Survey and the China-Vietnam Comprehensive Oceanographic Survey to Beibu Gulf in all months except for June and September in 1959–1960 and 1962. The number ratio of males, non-ovigerous females and ovigerous females was 54:77: 17 in January, 56:84: 76 in April, 26:76: 26 in July and 63:89: 8 in October (Fig. 1). The absolute and relative numbers of the ovigerous females were highest in April, lowest in October and November. It is suggested that the species bred in all seasons of a year, the peak of breeding was in April.
The average carapace lengths of the males, non-ovigerous females and ovigerous females are shown in Figure 2. With regard to the average carapace lengths, the males appeared generally smaller than the nonovigerous females, and the non-ovigerous females were smaller than the ovigerous females, with an exception in December in which the average carapace length of the non-ovigerous females was larger than that of the ovigerous females. The smallest male appeared in April with the carapace length was 5.1 mm, the largest male appeared in January with the carapace length was 9.2 mm. The largest non-ovigerous female was collected in July with the carapace length of 11.0 mm. The smallest ovigerous female appeared in January with the carapace length of 7.1 mm, the largest appeared in October with the carapace length was 11.0 mm. The largest average carapace length of the males occurred in May and the smallest in August; the largest average carapace length of the non-ovigerous females occurred in April and the smallest in August; the largest average carapace length of the ovigerous females occurred in March and the smallest in December.
Based on the collection data, we found that more than 80% individuals occured at the depths of 40–100 meters, about 50% occured at the depths of 60–89.9 meters (Fig. 3). The distributions of the species in different seasons are illustrated in Figure 4. In April (Spring), the population had the highest density, consistent with the population numbers of Figure 1.
Pontocaris pennata was previously recorded from the coastal area of mainland China in the East and South China Seas by Liu (1963, error spelling Pontocaris penata) and Liu & Zhong (1994), from the South China Sea by Chan (1996).
description: Published as part of Han, Qingxi & Li, Xinzheng, 2008, Records of the crangonid shrimp genus Pontocaris Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Chinese waters, with notes on biology of P. pennata Bate, 1888, pp. 47-62 in Zootaxa 1807 on pages 49-59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182716