cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of an advanced Compton camera with gaseous TPC and scintillator
Creators: name: Takada, A.
name: Hattori, K.
name: Kubo, H.
name: Miuchi, K.
name: Nagayoshi, T.
name: Nishimura, H.
name: Okada, Y.
name: Orito, R.
name: Sekiya, H.
name: Takeda, A.
name: Tanimori, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prototype of the MeV gamma-ray imaging camera based on the full reconstruction of the Compton process has been developed. This camera consists of a micro-TPC that is a gaseous Time Projection Chamber (TPC) and scintillation cameras. With the information of the recoil electrons and the scattered gamma-rays, this camera detects the energy and incident direction of each incident gamma-ray. We developed a prototype of the MeV gamma-ray camera with a micro-TPC and a NaI(Tl) scintillator, and succeeded in reconstructing the gamma-rays from 0.3 MeV to 1.3 MeV. Measured angular resolutions of ARM (Angular Resolution Measure) and SPD (Scatter Plane Deviation) for 356 keV gamma-rays were $18^\circ$ and $35^\circ$, respectively.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures. Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop On Radiation Imaging Detectors
Halictus turkmenorum Pesenko 1984
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Halictus
Halictus turkmenorum

description: 27. Halictus turkmenorum Pesenko, 1984
(Figs 27 a–e)
 Halictus (Protohalictus) turkmenorum Pesenko, 1984b: 465 (key), 475, Figs 80–82, ♀.
 Type locality: Kugitang Tau Mt. Range, Lebap Province (Turkmenistan).
 Published (original) locality: corresponds to data on the holotype label (see below).
 Holotype: ♀, Кугитанг-Тау, ЮВ Туркменистан [Turkmenistan, Lebap Province, Kugitang Tau Mt. Range, 37°53’N 66°37’E], луг [meadow], 2500 м, 16. VI.[1]965, Танасийчук [V. Tanasyichuk leg.] // Holotypus Halictus turkmenorum Pesenko  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000163.
 Current status. Halictus (Protohalictus) turkmenorum Pesenko, 1984.
 Remark. Male unknown.
 Distribution. Only known from the holotype.
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2020, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution III Family Halictidae, genera Halictus Latreille, 1804, and Sphecodes Latreille, 1804, pp. 401-446 in Zootaxa 4790 (3) on pages 430-431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3891137
On $α$-adjacency energy of graphs and Zagreb index
Creators: name: Pirzada, S.
name: Rather, Bilal A.
name: Ganie, Hilal A.
name: Shaban, Rezwan ul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C12, 15A18

description: Let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix and $D(G)$ be the diagonal matrix of the vertex degrees of a simple connected graph $G$. Nikiforov defined the matrix $A_α(G)$ of the convex combinations of $D(G)$ and $A(G)$ as $A_α(G)=αD(G)+(1-α)A(G)$, for $0\leq α\leq 1$. If $ ρ_{1}\geq ρ_{2}\geq \dots \geq ρ_{n}$ are the eigenvalues of $A_α(G)$ (which we call $α$-adjacency eigenvalues of $G$), the $ α$-adjacency energy of $G$ is defined as $E^{A_α}(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|ρ_i-\frac{2αm}{n}\right|$, where $n$ is the order and $m$ is the size of $G$. We obtain the upper and lower bounds for $E^{A_α}(G) $ in terms of order $n$, size $m$ and Zagreb index $Zg(G)$ associated to the structure of $G$. Further, we characterize the extremal graphs attaining these bounds.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 1 of Extracellular vesicles from deciduous pulp stem cells recover bone loss by regulating telomerase activity in an osteoporosis mouse model
Creators: name: Sonoda, Soichiro
name: Murata, Sara
name: Nishida, Kento
name: Kato, Hiroki
name: Uehara, Norihisa
name: Kyumoto, Yukari N.
name: Haruyoshi Yamaza
name: Takahashi, Ichiro
name: Kukita, Toshio
name: Yamaza, Takayoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Supplementary Methods. Supplementary Table 1. Specific antibodies for flow cytometry and western blotting. Supplementary Table 2. TaqMan probes used for the mouse genes. Supplementary Table 3. TaqMan probes used for the human genes. Supplementary Figure 1. Systemic transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) rescued the properties and functions of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMMSCs) in recipient ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Supplementary Figure 2. Systemic transplantation of SHED rescued the telomerase activity and Tert gene expression of mBMMSCs in recipient OVX mice. Supplementary Figure 3. Systemic SHED transplantation improved bone loss in OVX mice. Supplementary Figure 4. Systemic SHED transplantation reduced the enhanced osteoclast activity in OVX mice. Supplementary Figure 5. Systemic SHED transplantation suppressed in vitro osteoclast differentiation of OVX mouse-derived bone marrow cells (BMCs). Supplementary Figure 6. Systemic transplanted SHED engrafted in the bone marrow of OVX mice. Supplementary Figure 7. Systemic administration of SHED-released extracellular vesicles (SHED-EVs) reduced the enhanced osteoclast activity in OVX mice. Supplementary Figure 8. Systemic SHED-EVs administration suppressed in vitro osteoclast differentiation of OVX mouse-derived bone marrow cells (BMCs). Supplementary Figure 9. SHED-EVs enhanced in vivo bone formation of human BMMSCs (hBMMSCs). Supplementary Figure 10. SHED-EVs express MIR346 and upregulate the expression of MIR346 in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) after SHED-EV treatment.
Population-Based Black-Box Optimization for Biological Sequence Design
Creators: name: Angermueller, Christof
name: Belanger, David
name: Gane, Andreea
name: Mariet, Zelda
name: Dohan, David
name: Murphy, Kevin
name: Colwell, Lucy
name: Sculley, D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of black-box optimization for the design of new biological sequences is an emerging research area with potentially revolutionary impact. The cost and latency of wet-lab experiments requires methods that find good sequences in few experimental rounds of large batches of sequences--a setting that off-the-shelf black-box optimization methods are ill-equipped to handle. We find that the performance of existing methods varies drastically across optimization tasks, posing a significant obstacle to real-world applications. To improve robustness, we propose Population-Based Black-Box Optimization (P3BO), which generates batches of sequences by sampling from an ensemble of methods. The number of sequences sampled from any method is proportional to the quality of sequences it previously proposed, allowing P3BO to combine the strengths of individual methods while hedging against their innate brittleness. Adapting the hyper-parameters of each of the methods online using evolutionary optimization further improves performance. Through extensive experiments on in-silico optimization tasks, we show that P3BO outperforms any single method in its population, proposing higher quality sequences as well as more diverse batches. As such, P3BO and Adaptive-P3BO are a crucial step towards deploying ML to real-world sequence design.
Crossing the Phantom Divide Barrier with Scalar Tensor Theories
Creators: name: Perivolaropoulos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is accumulating observational evidence (based on SnIa data) that the dark energy equation of state parameter $w$ may be evolving with time and crossing the phantom divide barrier $w=-1$ at recent times. The confirmation of these indications by future data would indicate that minimally coupled quintessence can not reproduce the observed expansion rate $H(z)$ for any scalar field potential. Here we explicitly demonstrate that scalar tensor theories of gravity (extended quintessence) can predict crossing of the phantom divide barrier. We reconstruct phenomenologically viable scalar-tensor potentials $F(Φ)$ and $U(Φ)$ that can reproduce a polynomial best fit expansion rate $H(z)$ and the corresponding dark energy equation of state parameter $w(z)$ crossing the $w=-1$ line. The form of the reconstructed scalar tensor potentials is severely constrained but is not uniquely determined. This is due to observational uncertainties in the form of $H(z)$ and also because a single observed function $H(z)$ does not suffice for the reconstruction of the two potential functions $F(Φ)$ and $U(Φ)$.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Presentation modified, references added
Additional file 2 of Factors that influence family and parental preferences and decision making for unscheduled paediatric healthcare – systematic review
Creators: name: Nicholson, E.
name: T. McDonnell
name: A. De Brún
name: M. Barrett
name: G. Bury
name: C. Collins
name: C. Hensey
name: E. McAuliffe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Table 2. Quality Assessment Scores using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool (MMAT).
A multi-frequency study of the spectral index distribution in the SNR CTB 80
Creators: name: Castelletti, G.
name: Dubner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a study at radio wavelengths of the spectral behaviour of the supernova remnant (SNR) CTB 80. Based on an homogenised data set of integrated flux densities, we calculated for the whole SNR a radio index -0.36 +/- 0.02. The shape of the global spectrum suggests absorption by ionized gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) along the line of sight. Spatial spectral variations across the SNR are investigated based on high-angular resolution data at 240, 324, 610, and 1380 MHz using different techniques. The three extended arms associated with this SNR, show a clear indication of spectral steepening when moving outwards from the central nebula, with variations of up to - 0.9. However, while the spectral steepening is smooth along the eastern arm, the northern and soutwestern arms include locally flatter structures, which in all cases coincide with radio, IR, and optical emission enhancements. We interpret this spectral property as the result of the combination of two different particle populations: aging relativistic electrons injected by PSR B1951+32 and particles accelerated at the sites where the SNR shock front encounters interstellar gas inhomogeneities. Concerning the central nebula, the angular resolution of the available database does not permit a detailed spectral study of the core region, i.e. the 45'' region around PSR B1951+32, where we can only confirm an average spectral index alpha=0.0. The surrounding 8' plateau nebula has an ~ -0.25, with a peak of alpha ~ -0.29 coincident with a secondary maximun located at the termination of a twisted filament that trails to the east, behind the pulsar.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
LBT transmission spectroscopy of HAT-P-12b: confirmation of a cloudy atmosphere with no significant alkali features
Creators: name: Yan, F.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Molaverdikhani, K.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Mallonn, M.
name: Rackham, B. V.
name: Apai, D.
name: Jordán, A.
name: Mollière, P.
name: Chen, G.
name: Carone, L.
name: Reiners, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hot sub-Saturn-mass exoplanet HAT-P-12b is an ideal target for transmission spectroscopy because of its inflated radius. We observed one transit of the planet with the multi-object double spectrograph (MODS) on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) with the binocular mode and obtained an atmosphere transmission spectrum with a wavelength coverage of $\sim$ 0.4 -- 0.9 $\mathrmμ$m. The spectrum is relatively flat and does not show any significant sodium or potassium absorption features. Our result is consistent with the revised Hubble Space Telescope (HST) transmission spectrum of a previous work, except that the HST result indicates a tentative detection of potassium. The potassium discrepancy could be the result of statistical fluctuation of the HST dataset. We fit the planetary transmission spectrum with an extensive grid of cloudy models and confirm the presence of high-altitude clouds in the planetary atmosphere. The fit was performed on the combined LBT and HST spectrum, which has an overall wavelength range of 0.4 -- 1.6 $\mathrmμ$m. The LBT/MODS spectrograph has unique advantages in transmission spectroscopy observations because it can cover a wide wavelength range with a single exposure and acquire two sets of independent spectra simultaneously.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Seed Value Chains for Sorghum and Millet in Mali: A State-Based System in Transition
Creators: name: Diakite, Lamissa
name: Sidibe, Amadou
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Grum, Mikkel
name: Diakite, Lamissa
name: Sidibe, Amadou
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Grum, Mikkel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: seed
subject: formal sector
subject: informal sector
subject: millet
subject: sorghum
subject: Mali

description: This paper reviews the structure and performance of the sorghum and millet seed sector in Mali. The Sahel is the origin of pearl millet and sorghum, seed selection and management of these crops is embedded in local cultures, and most producers of these crops are subsistence oriented. Despite seed sector reform, no certified seed of these crops is sold in local markets and farmers prefer to rely on themselves or each other for seed. The dominant source of certified seed is the national seed service. Certified seed is multiplied by contracted farmers and seed producer groups, and supplied to farmers through farmers’ associations, development organizations, and extension services. The informal sector supplies farmers with non-certified seed directly and indirectly through village grain markets. There is no consensus about whether it is lack of effective demand or supply that constrains farmer use of certified sorghum and millet seed, but researchers generally conclude that the process of certifying seed is too lengthy, some mechanism must be established for production and trade of locally-adapted landraces, and Mali’s highly structured farmers’ associations could play an even stronger role in testing and promoting demand for certified seed. Recommendations have included the use of small packs and seed auctions where market infrastructure is sparse, and in more commercialized areas, involvement of agro-input dealers, shopkeepers and traders. Still, estimated adoption rates for improved millet (under 10 percent of crop area) and sorghum seed (under 20 percent of crop area) could be as high as can be expected in this challenging natural environment and institutional context.
Leptogenesis in the minimal gauged U(1)$_{L_μ-L_τ}$ model and the sign of the cosmological baryon asymmetry
Creators: name: Asai, Kento
name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Tseng, Shih-Yen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal gauged U(1)$_{L_μ-L_τ}$ model is a simple extension of the Standard Model and has a strong predictive power for the neutrino sector. In particular, the mass spectrum and couplings of heavy right-handed neutrinos are determined as functions of three neutrino Dirac Yukawa couplings, with which we can evaluate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe generated through their decay, i.e., leptogenesis. In this letter, we study leptogenesis in the minimal gauged U(1)$_{L_μ-L_τ}$ model. It turns out that the sign of the resultant baryon asymmetry for the case with the Dirac CP phase, $δ$, larger than $π$ is predicted to be opposite to that for $δ< π$. In addition, if lepton asymmetry is dominantly produced by the decay of the lightest right-handed neutrino, then the correct sign of baryon asymmetry is obtained for $δ> π$, which is favored by the current neutrino-oscillation experiments, whilst the wrong sign is obtained for $δ< π$. We further investigate a non-thermal leptogenesis scenario where the U(1)$_{L_μ-L_τ}$ breaking field plays the role of inflaton and decays into right-handed neutrinos, as a concrete example. It is found that this simple framework offers a successful inflation that is consistent with the CMB observation. We then show that the observed amount of baryon asymmetry can be reproduced in this scenario, with its sign predicted to be positive in most of the parameter space.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Oxygen Isotope Effect on the Spin State Transition in (Pr$_{0.7}$Sm$_{0.3}$)$_{0.7}$Ca$_{0.3}$CoO${_3}$
Creators: name: Wang, G. Y.
name: Wu, T.
name: Luo, X. G.
name: Wang, W.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen isotope substitution is performed in the perovskite cobalt oxide (Pr$_{0.7}$Sm$_{0.3}$)$_{0.7}$Ca$_{0.3}$CoO${_3}$ which shows a sharp spin state transition from the intermediate spin (IS) state to the low spin (LS) state at a certain temperature. The transition temperature of the spin state up-shifts with the substitution of $^{16}O$ by $^{18}$O from the resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The up-shift value is 6.8 K and an oxygen isotope exponent ($α_S$) is about -0.8. The large oxygen isotope effect indicates strong electron-phonon coupling in this material. The substitution of $^{16}$O by $^{18}$O leads to a decrease in the frequency of phonon and an increase in the effective mass of electron ($m$$^\ast$), so that the bandwidth W is decreased and the energy difference between the different spin states is increased. This is the reason why the $T_s$ is shifted to high temperature with oxygen isotopic exchange.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Impact of CAFTA on Employment, Production and Poverty in Honduras
Creators: name: Morley, Samuel A.
name: Nakasone, Eduardo
name: Pineiro, Valeria
name: Morley, Samuel A.
name: Nakasone, Eduardo
name: Pineiro, Valeria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: CAFTA
subject: Honduras
subject: growth
subject: poverty
subject: CGE model

description: In this paper we develop a dynamic CGE model to examine the impact of CAFTA on production, employment and poverty in Honduras. We model four aspects of the agreement: tariff reductions, quotas, changes in the rules of origin for maquila and more generous treatment of foreign investment. We first show that trade liberalization under CAFTA has a positive effect on growth, employment and poverty but the effect is small. What really matters for Honduras is the assembly (maquila) industry. CAFTA liberalized the rules of origin for imports into this industry. That raises the growth rate of output by 1.4% and reduces poverty by 11% in 2020 relative to what it would otherwise have been. Increasing capital formation through an increase in foreign investment in response to CAFTA has an even larger impact on growth, employment and poverty. These simulations say something important about the growth process in a country like Honduras in which it seems reasonable to assume that there is underemployed, unskilled labor willing and able to work more at a fixed real wage. In such an economy changing the structure of demand in favor of sectors that use a lot of unskilled labor will have a big impact on growth. That is what the maquila simulation does, because maquila uses a lot of unskilled labor relative to skilled labor and capital. Alternatively the supply of capital can be increased by increasing the rate of capital formation. Either of these two has a far larger impact on growth and poverty than tariff reductions alone.
Asian-driven Resource Booms in Africa: Rethinking the Impacts on Development
Creators: name: Breisinger, Clemens
name: Thurlow, James
name: Breisinger, Clemens
name: Thurlow, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Dutch disease
subject: resource booms
subject: privatization
subject: income distribution
subject: Africa
subject: Zambia

description: Today’s resource boom in Africa, driven by Asian economic growth, offers new opportunities for resource-rich African countries. Contrary to the experience of previous booms, however, most mining profits now accrue to foreign companies, leaving little room for governments to use revenues for pro-poor investments or to mitigate adverse distributional impacts. Taking Zambia as a case study, this paper shows that despite privatization, Dutch disease remains a valid concern and may hamper economic diversification, worsen income distribution, and undermine poverty reduction strategies. Mining royalties must, therefore, be increased and used to finance growth-inducing investments that encourage pro-poor economic diversification, else many African countries will remain caught in a resource trap.
Giamberardini, G.: Jl primato e l'unione delle chiese nel medio oriente
Creators: name: Krüger, Paul
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 46 (1962): Oriens christianus, Band 46
Acoustic emission across the magnetostructural transition of the giant magnetocaloric Gd5Si2Ge2 compound
Creators: name: Perez-Reche, Francisco-Jose
name: Casanova, Felix
name: Vives, Eduard
name: Manosa, Lluis
name: Planes, Antoni
name: Marcos, Jordi
name: Batlle, Xavier
name: Labarta, Amilcar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the existence of acoustic emission during the paramagnetic-monoclinic to ferromagnetic-orthorhombic magnetostructural phase transition in the giant magnetocaloric Gd5Si2Ge2 compound. The transition kinetics have been analyzed from the detected acoustic signals. It is shown that this transition proceeds by avalanches between metastable states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Redshifted Inner Disk Atmosphere and Transient Absorbers in the Ultra-Compact Neutron Star X-ray Binary 4U 1916-053
Creators: name: Trueba, Nicolas
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Kaastra, J.
name: Kallman, T.
name: Lohfink, A.
name: Proga, D.
name: Raymond, J.
name: Reynolds, C.
name: Reynolds, M.
name: Zoghbi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very small accretion disks in ultra-compact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) are special laboratories in which to study disk accretion and outflows. We report on three sets of new (250 ks total) and archival (50 ks) Chandra/HETG observations of the "dipping" neutron-star X-ray binary 4U 1916$-$053, which has an orbital period of $P\simeq 50$~minutes. We find that the bulk of the absorption in all three spectra originates in a disk atmosphere that is redshifted by $v\simeq 220-290$ $\text{km}$ $\text{s}^{-1}$, corresponding to the gravitational redshift at radius of $R \sim 1200$ $GM/{c}^{2}$. This shift is present in the strongest, most highly ionized lines (Si XIV and Fe XXVI), with a significance of 5$σ$. Absorption lines observed during dipping events (typically associated with the outermost disk) instead display no velocity shifts and serve as a local standard of rest, suggesting that the redshift is intrinsic to an inner disk atmosphere and not due to radial motion in the galaxy or a kick. In two spectra, there is also evidence of a more strongly redshifted component that would correspond to a disk atmosphere at $R \sim 70$ $GM/{c}^{2}$; this component is significant at the 3$σ$ level. Finally, in one spectrum, we find evidence of disk wind with a blue shift of $v = {-1700}^{+1700}_{-1200}$ $\text{km}$ $\text{s}^{-1}$. If real, this wind would require magnetic driving.
description: 15 Pages, 6 Figures, Accepted to ApJ Letters
Trading Millet and Sorghum Genetic Resources: Women Vendors in the Village Fairs of San and Douentza, Mali
Creators: name: Smale, Melinda
name: Diakite, Lamissa
name: Dembele, Brahima
name: Traore, Issa Seni
name: Guindo, Oumar
name: Konta, Bourema
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Diakite, Lamissa
name: Dembele, Brahima
name: Traore, Issa Seni
name: Guindo, Oumar
name: Konta, Bourema
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: agricultural development
subject: informal sector
subject: seed markets
subject: traders
subject: landraces
subject: millet
subject: sorghum
subject: women
subject: Mali

description: In Mali, liberalization of seed markets for sorghum and millet, the staple food crops, has not advanced at the same rate or with the same measurable success as liberalization of grain markets. Most seed of these crops is uncertified and continues to be supplied to farmers by farmers, according to clan and ethno-linguistic group. After poor harvests or when replanting after a dry spell, farmers rely on local markets for grain as sources of seed. This paper summarizes the findings of a vendor survey conducted in two marketsheds during weekly fairs. No certified seed is sold. Almost all vendors are women who are also farmers. Variety integrity is maintained particularly for millet seed in the marketshed of the Sahelian zone, where the range of variety adaptation is very limited. Grain that is suitable for seed is brought to market directly from granaries. Varieties are identified by their provenance. Socially prescribed behavior is apparent in price-fixing, price discounts, procurement practices, and the spatial organization of vendors. Preliminary hypotheses are tested with a simple regression. Marketshed, which is highly correlated with the ethnic composition of the population, agro-ecology, market infrastructure and crop sold, has a dominant impact on quantities sold. Quantities sold do not respond to expected prices. Greater specialization of the vendor in trade as compared to farming, younger age, and additional years in school positively influence amounts sold. A better comprehension of this type of trade could contribute to policies that improve the access of poor farmers to valuable crop genetic resources, enhancing their seed security and productivity.
Additional file 5 of Gut transcriptomic changes during hibernation in the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum)
Creators: name: Haijian Sun
name: Jiaying Wang
name: Yutong Xing
name: Yi-Hsuan Pan
name: Mao, Xiuguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5.Results of GO terms and/or KEGG and Reactome pathway functional enrichment analysis on genes in TP-M9, TP-M10 and AS-M1 modules identified in WGCNA. Description of terms or pathways with same color indicates similar function.
Realization and Detection of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov Superfluid Phases in Trapped Atomic Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Yang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a very interesting recent Letter\cite{machida}, the authors suggested the possibility of realizing the spatially modulated, or Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superfluid state in trapped atomic fermion systems. The authors this Letter used a 1D mean field solution as guidance to estimate the parameter range for the existence of the FFLO phase, and also discussed the possibility of its detection by imaging the atomic density of the system. In this comment I wish to make two points. (i) In 1D there exists an exact solution based on bosonization, which fully takes into account the important quantum fluctuation effects\cite{yang01}; the exact solution suggests a wider parameter range for the FFLO state than that obtained from the mean-field solution of the present Letter. (ii) One can detect the FFLO pairing (in which Cooper pairs carry finite momenta) more directly by extending the methods used to detect BCS pairing\cite{regal,altman,greiner}.
description: Revised version as appeared in print
Additional file 4 of Barriers to surgery performed by non-physician clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa—a scoping review
Creators: name: Phylisha Van Heemskerken
name: Broekhuizen, Henk
name: Gajewski, Jakub
name: Brugha, Ruairí
name: Bijlmakers, Leon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Frequency with which 14 subcategories of barriers to surgery performed by NPCs are mentioned in empirical and non-empirical articles, by surgical discipline.
The structure of weakly-magnetized $ γ$-ray burst jets
Creators: name: Gottlieb, Ore
name: Bromberg, Omer
name: Singh, Chandra B.
name: Nakar, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets with the dense media into which they are launched promote the growth of local hydrodynamic instabilities along the jet boundary. In a companion paper we study the evolution of hydrodynamic (unmagnetized) jets, finding that mixing of jet-cocoon material gives rise to an interface layer, termed jet-cocoon interface (JCI), which contains a significant fraction of the system energy. We find that the angular structure of the jet + JCI, when they reach the homologous phase, can be approximated by a flat core (the jet) + a power-law function (the JCI) with indices that depend on the degree of mixing. In this paper we examine the effect of subdominant toroidal magnetic fields on the jet evolution and morphology. We find that weak fields can stabilize the jet against local instabilities. The suppression of the mixing diminishes the JCI and thus reshapes the jet's post-breakout structure. Nevertheless, the overall shape of the outflow can still be approximated by a flat core + a power-law function, although the JCI power-law decay is steeper. The effect of weak fields is more prominent in long GRB jets, where the mixing in hydrodynamic jets is stronger. In short GRB jets there is small mixing in both weakly magnetized and unmagnetized jets. This result influences the expected jet emission which is governed by the jet's morphology. Therefore, prompt and afterglow observations in long GRBs may be used as probes for the magnetic nature at the base of the jets.
Additional file 3 of Gut transcriptomic changes during hibernation in the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum)
Creators: name: Haijian Sun
name: Jiaying Wang
name: Yutong Xing
name: Yi-Hsuan Pan
name: Mao, Xiuguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Results of GO terms and/or KEGG and Reactome pathway enrichment analysis on upregulated DEGs identified in four comparisons. Description of terms or pathways with same color indicates similar function.
Halictus varentzowi Morawitz 1894
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Halictus
Halictus varentzowi

description: 28. Halictus varentzowi Morawitz, 1894
(Figs 28 a–c)
 Halictus varentzowi Morawitz, 1894: 67, ♀, ♂.
 Type locality: Dort-Kuyu, Akhal Province (Turkmenistan).
 Published (original) locality: “Dort-kuju” and “Cheirabad”.
 Syntype: ♀ [without metasoma], Дорт-куЮ [Turkmenistan, Akhal Province, Dort-Kuyu, 36°48’N 61°26’E], 6. V.[18]88, А. Семенов [A. Semenov leg.] // varentzowi F. Mor., ♀, [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz].
 Current status. Halictus (Placidohalictus) varentzowi Morawitz, 1894.
 Remark. There is only one syntype specimen from “Dort-kuju”. This specimen is in a bed condition and is not suitable for the lectotype designation. Other syntype specimen (from “Cheirabad”) have been not found in ZISP.
 Distribution. Central Asia, Afghanistan (Ebmer 1974). The record of the species from eastern China (Hebei Province) by Niu et al. 2004: 665 are based on misidentification (see Pesenko 2006: 55).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2020, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution III Family Halictidae, genera Halictus Latreille, 1804, and Sphecodes Latreille, 1804, pp. 401-446 in Zootaxa 4790 (3) on pages 431-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3891137
Additional file 4 of Gut transcriptomic changes during hibernation in the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum)
Creators: name: Haijian Sun
name: Jiaying Wang
name: Yutong Xing
name: Yi-Hsuan Pan
name: Mao, Xiuguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4.Results of KEGG and Reactome pathway enrichment analysis on downregulated DEGs identified in five comparisons. Description of terms or pathways with same color indicates similar function.
Beam Test of a Segmented Foil SEM Grid
Creators: name: Kopp, S.
name: Indurthy, D.
name: Pavlovich, Z.
name: Proga, M.
name: Zwaska, R.
name: Childress, S.
name: Ford, R.
name: Kendziora, C.
name: Kobilarcik, T.
name: Moore, C.
name: Tassotto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prototype Secondary-electron Emission Monitor (SEM) was installed in the 8 GeV proton transport line for the MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab. The SEM is a segmented grid made with 5 um Ti foils, intended for use in the 120 GeV NuMI beam at Fermilab. Similar to previous workers, we found that the full collection of the secondary electron signal requires a bias voltage to draw the ejected electrons cleanly off the foils, and this effect is more pronounced at larger beam intensity. The beam centroid and width resolutions of the SEM were measured at beam widths of 3, 7, and 8 mm, and compared to calculations. Extrapolating the data from this beam test, we expect a centroid and width resolutions of 20um and 25 um, respectively, in the NuMI beam which has 1 mm spot size.
description: submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth. A
Additional file 3 of Barriers to surgery performed by non-physician clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa—a scoping review
Creators: name: Phylisha Van Heemskerken
name: Broekhuizen, Henk
name: Gajewski, Jakub
name: Brugha, Ruairí
name: Bijlmakers, Leon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Frequency with which 14 subcategories of barriers to surgery performed by NPCs are mentioned in empirical and non-empirical articles, by country. Note to table: (1) Some articles describe barriers to surgery by NPCs in more than one country; the total therefore exceeds 62 articles.
Meinardus, Otto F. A.: Monks and Monasteries of the Egyptian Deserts (Cairo 1961)
Creators: name: Cramer, Maria
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 46 (1962): Oriens christianus, Band 46
Determinants of Smallholder Commercialization of Food Crops: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Alemu, Dawit
name: Pender, John L.
name: Alemu, Dawit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Smallholder production
subject: commercial behavior
subject: market participation
subject: cereal crops
subject: Ethiopia

description: In this paper, we develop a theoretical farm household model of food crop production and marketing decisions, derive testable hypotheses concerning the determinants of these decisions, and test these hypotheses, using data on cereal production and marketing collected from a nationally representative survey of 7,186 farm households in Ethiopia. Focusing on production and marketing decisions for teff and maize, the two most important crops in Ethiopia, we find that most producers of these crops are either autarkic or net buyers (especially for maize) and that net buyers and autarkic households are poorer in many respects than net sellers. This implies that interventions to increase cereal productivity will favorably affect distribution for most producers. The econometric analysis shows that increasing production of teff and maize is the most important factor contributing to increased sales, and that increased smallholder access to roads, land, livestock, farm equipment, and traders is key to enabling increased smallholder production and commercialization of these crops.
Benefit-Cost Analysis of Uganda’s Clonal Coffee Replanting Program: An Ex-Ante Analysis
Creators: name: Benin, Samuel
name: You, Liangzhi
name: Benin, Samuel
name: You, Liangzhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: clonal coffee
subject: benefit-cost analysis
subject: IRR
subject: DREAM
subject: Uganda

description: The Ugandan coffee industry is facing some serious challenges, including low international prices in the international coffee market, aging coffee trees and declining productivity, and, more recently, the appearance of coffee-wilt disease, which have all contributed to the decline in both the quantity and value of coffee exports. The government of Uganda, through the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA), in 1993/94 started a coffee-replanting program to both replace coffee trees that were old or affected by coffee-wilt and expand coffee production into other suitable areas in northern and eastern Uganda. This program seems to be helping to both combat the industry’s problems and reverse the declining trends. However, the UCDA announced in 2004 that it was withdrawing from the replanting program in the 2004/05 season (it had supported nursery operators and purchased and distributed free seedlings to farmers), so the program’s achievements may not last. This paper estimates the economic returns (benefit–cost ratio) of the coffee-replanting program, particularly replanting with clonal varieties, and analyzes the welfare implications of the decision to withdraw. We find that the internal rate of return (IRR) and benefit–cost ratio are very high, about 50 percent and 3.7 respectively, suggesting that the replanting program in Uganda is very beneficial to the livelihoods of coffee farmers, the coffee sub-sector, and the economy as a whole. The largest benefits occur in the central region, where the bulk of coffee is grown, followed by the eastern and western regions. The largest return on investment occurs in the eastern region, followed by the central and western regions. Sensitivity analyses show that the results (that is, the net benefits) are robust with respect to the assumptions made, including demand and supply elasticities and level of domestic consumption. Although the results are sensitive to farm production costs and coffee yields, the program still improves welfare. Taken all together, the results suggest that if the government withdraws from the replanting program without putting place adequate alternative measures to ensure the program’s sustainability, welfare will be severely reduced in coffee-growing areas.
Drifting through the medium: kicks and self-propulsion of binaries within accretion disks and other environments
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Macedo, Caio F. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact binaries are within the reach of gravitational and electromagnetic wave detectors, and are important for our understanding of astrophysical environments and the composition of compact objects. There is a vast body of work devoted to the evolution of such binaries in background media, such as in common-envelope evolution, accretion disks and dark matter mini-spikes. Here, we explore further gravitationally-bound binaries evolving within an environment. We show that dissipative effects such as gravitational drag and accretion impart a momentum to the center of mass of asymmetric binaries. We numerically evolve the binaries in a Newtonian setup and show that, depending on the medium density, the center of mass can accelerate to high speeds -- in some cases $300\, {\rm km/s}$ or more -- during inspiral, with potentially observable signatures. Our numerical results are fully consistent with an \textit{analytical} result for the CM evolution at first order in the medium density.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures. Paper accepted for publication in MNRAS
QSSC re-examined for the newly discovered SNe Ia
Creators: name: Vishwakarma, R. G.
name: Narlikar, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possible consistency of the quasi-steady state model with the newly discovered SNe Ia. The model assumes the existence of metallic dust ejected from the SNe explosions, which extinguishes light travelling over long distances. We find that the model shows a reasonable fit to the data, which improves if one takes account of the weak gravitational lensing effect of the SNe which have been observed on the brighter side.
description: 13 pages including 2 figures; accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Contingent Valuation of Consumers’ Willingness-to-Pay for Organic Food in Argentina
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Elsa M.
name: Lacaze, Maria Victoria
name: Lupin, Beatriz
name: Rodriguez, Elsa M.
name: Lacaze, Maria Victoria
name: Lupin, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Willingness-to-pay
subject: Food attributes
subject: Organics

description: Throughout these last years, organic agriculture has undergone a remarkable expansion due, among other things, to the greater interest shown by consumers aware of food safety concerns involving real or perceived quality risks [1]. This paper aims to estimate consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for organic food products available in the Argentinean domestic market, with a view to providing some useful insights to gain support and outline strategies for promotion of organic production, marketing, regulation, and labelling programs of organic food products. A Binomial Multiple Logistic Regression model is estimated with data from a food consumption survey conducted in Buenos Aires city, Argentina, in April 2005. The Contingent Valuation Method was chosen in order to calculate their WTP for five organic selected products: Regular Milk, Leafy Vegetables, Whole Wheat Flour, Fresh Chicken and Aromatic Herbs. The empirical results reveal that consumers are willing to pay a premium for these products and that although prices play an important role, lack of store availability and of a reliable regulatory system to mitigate quality risks constraint consumption of organic products in this country.
The Baikal Neutrino Telescope - Results and Plans
Creators: name: Wischnewski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results from the Baikal neutrino telescope NT200, based on the first 5 years of operation (1998-2003), are presented. We derive an all-flavor limit on the diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos between 20 TeV and 50 PeV, extract an enlarged sample of high energy muon neutrino events, and obtain limits on the flux of high energy atmospheric muons. In 2005, the upgraded telescope NT200+ will be commissioned: 3 additional distant strings with only 12 photo-multipliers each will rise the effective volume to 20 Mton at 10 PeV for this largest running neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Invited talk at 19th European Cosmic Ray Symposium (ECRS) 2004, Florence, Italy
Potato Marketing – Factors Affecting Organic and Conventional Potato Consumption Patterns
Creators: name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Grebitus, Carola
name: Bruhn, Maike
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Grebitus, Carola
name: Bruhn, Maike
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: organic
subject: potatoes
subject: consumption patterns

description: In producing potatoes the treatment for disease and pests could be more difficult and costly for organic producers than for conventional. Hence, consumers’ attitudes and willingness to pay for organic potatoes need to be considered in a grower’s choice of production technologies. A bivariate probit model and cluster analysis were applied to survey data to evaluate factors that influenced Germany consumers’ consumption patterns for conventional and organic potatoes. The results show that consumers associate organic potatoes with healthy ingredients, trustable origin and food safety. But a lack of varieties and inferior appearance of organic potatoes limit consumer interest in the organic products. With regard to socio-demographics, consumers with higher education level and with children in the household tend to consume organic potatoes more often than consumers with lower education and no children in the household. Cluster analysis results group potato consumers into three different market segments: “Trusting of industry”, “Health-oriented” and “Price-oriented” segments. These results suggest adopting different marketing strategies to promote fresh potatoes to the different market segments.