cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The relationship between arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow : insights into aging, altitude and exercise
Creators: name: Smirl, Jonathan David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The majority of previous research on the relationship between blood pressure and cerebral blood flow (CBF) through the application of transfer function analysis (TFA) has been performed under spontaneous conditions. Under these circumstances, there is little input signal power (blood pressure), which makes linear interpretation of the output (CBF) results tenuous. In five experimental studies, the general aim of this thesis was to provide new insights on the relationship(s) between blood pressure and CBF throughout the aging spectrum. The first study determined the reproducibility of TFA metrics during spontaneous and driven blood pressure oscillations. The results revealed that squat-stand maneuvers were the most robust and reliable method to evaluate this relationship throughout aging. Consequently, this methodology was employed for the research studies. The second study examined the pressure-flow response in younger adults with acutely elevated cerebrovascular resistance index (CVRi). Augmenting CVRi, even without changes in CO₂, resulted in increased phase lead and reduced amplitude modulation; therefore, the impact of CVRi needs to be considered for the parsimonious interpretation of TFA metrics. The third experiment examined the pressure-flow relationship in three adult populations: young and old healthy adults, and heart transplant recipients. Findings revealed comparable cerebral pressure-flow responses in all groups, despite elevated CVRi (older groups), and blunted cardiac baroreceptors (long-term heart transplant recipients). Thus, it appears the acutely increased phase and decreased gain noted in the second study may not accurately reflect the chronic elevations in CVRi in older adults. Through the unique approach of oscillating blood pressure during exercise, the fourth study demonstrated that the cerebrovasculature high-pass filter model is intact in both young and older populations. The final study at high-altitude (5050m) explored the cerebral pressure-flow relationship prior to, during acclimatization, and return from high-altitude. Despite the marked oxygen desaturation, there were no changes to the pressure-flow response across the entire range of exposure acclimatization timelines. In conclusion: 1) squat-stand maneuvers provide a meritorious way to examine cerebral-pressure flow responses; and 2) effective pressure-flow relationships are maintained during healthy aging and exercise, and persist despite blunting of cardiac baroreflexes and reductions in arterial oxygen saturation.
Asymptotic measurement schemes for every observable of a quantum field theory
Creators: name: Fewster, Christopher J.
name: Jubb, Ian
name: Ruep, Maximilian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum measurement theory, a measurement scheme describes how an observable of a given system can be measured indirectly using a probe. The measurement scheme involves the specification of a probe theory, an initial probe state, a probe observable and a coupling between the system and the probe, so that a measurement of the probe observable after the coupling has ceased reproduces (in expectation) the result of measuring the system observable in the system state. Recent work has shown how local and causal measurement schemes may be described in the context of model-independent quantum field theory (QFT), but has not addressed the question of whether such measurement schemes exist for all system observables. Here, we present two treatments of this question. The first is a proof of principle which provides a measurement scheme for every local observable of the quantized real linear scalar field if one relaxes one of the conditions on a QFT measurement scheme by allowing a non-compact coupling region. Secondly, restricting to compact coupling regions, we explicitly construct asymptotic measurement schemes for every local observable of the quantized theory. More precisely, we show that for every local system observable $A$ there is an associated collection of measurement schemes for system observables that converge to $A$. All the measurement schemes in this collection have the same fixed compact coupling zone and the same processing region. The convergence of the system observables holds, in particular, in GNS representations of suitable states on the field algebra or the Weyl algebra. In this way, we show that every observable can be asymptotically measured using locally coupled probe theories.
description: v2: revised version, 37 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Annales Henri Poincar\'e
The Rational Homotopy Type of Homotopy Fibrations Over Connected Sums
Creators: name: Chenery, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P35 (Primary) 57N65 (Secondary)

description: We provide a simple condition on rational cohomology for the total space of a pullback fibration over a connected sum to have the rational homotopy type of a connected sum, after looping. This takes inspiration from recent work of Jeffrey and Selick, in which they study pullback fibrations of this type, but under stronger hypotheses compared to our result.
description: This version published by Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society on 3rd April 2023
The Aoki phase revisited
Creators: name: Azcoiti, V.
name: Di Carlo, G.
name: Follana, E.
name: Vaquero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to elucidate the vacuum structure of the Aoki phase, we carried out a numerical investigation of QCD with two flavours of Wilson fermions, within the p.d.f. framework and in the absence of external sources. The simulations performed at V = 44 suggest a rich vacuum structure, where the observable $i\barψγ_5ψ$ is allowed to take non-zero values of the same order of magnitude than the order parameter of the Aoki phase $i\barψγ_5τ_3ψ$. However, the simulation at higher volumes V = 6^4 suffers from large statistical errors.
description: 7 pages, talk given at the XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, June 14-19, 2010, Villasimius, Italy. v2 corrects agreements
A Simple Data-Driven Level Finding Method of Quantum Many-Body Systems based on Statistical Outlier Detection
Creators: name: Hongu, Kazuaki
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We report a simple and pure data-driven method to find new energy levels of quantum many-body systems only from observed line wavelengths. In our method, all the possible combinations are computed from known energy levels and wavelengths of unidentified lines. As each excited state exhibits many transition lines to different lower levels, the true levels should be reconstructed coincidentally from many level-line combinations, while the wrong combinations distribute randomly. Such a coincidence can be easily detected statistically. We demonstrate this statistical method by finding new levels for various atomic and nuclear systems from unidentified line lists available online.
Quantum Wiretap Channel Coding Assisted by Noisy Correlation
Creators: name: Cai, Minglai
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the private classical capacity of a quantum wiretap channel, where the users (sender Alice, receiver Bob, and eavesdropper Eve) have access to the resource of a shared quantum state, additionally to their channel inputs and outputs. An extreme case is maximal entanglement or a secret key between Alice and Bob, both of which would allow for onetime padding the message. But here both the wiretap channel and the shared state are general. In the other extreme case that the state is trivial, we recover the wiretap channel and its private capacity [N. Cai, A. Winter and R. W. Yeung, Probl. Inform. Transm. 40(4):318-336, 2004]. We show how to use the given resource state to build a code for secret classical communication. Our main result is a lower bound on the assisted private capacity, which asymptotically meets the multi-letter converse and which encompasses all sorts of previous results as special cases.
The Early Days of QCD (as seen from Rome)
Creators: name: Altarelli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In honour of Mario Greco I present my recollections on the QCD studies in Rome in the '70's and early 80's and on our very friendly group of people involved.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Talk in honour of Mario Greco presented at the Rencontres de la Vallee d'Aoste 2011, La Thuile, Italy
Aenictus Gómez 2022
Creators: name: Gómez, Kiko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Aenictus

description: koloi species group DIAGNOSIS. Species in this group are easily identifiable due to its reticulated head and rectangular femora in frontal view, while the other Afrotropical species present glassy smooth heads and femora swollen in its distal half. Monomorphic. Scape subcylindrical, wider in distal apex and slightly narrower at the proximal; moderately long, reaching almost three quarters of the head when laid back (SIL~70-75). Head longer than wide (CI ~80–90). Ventrolateral margin developed. Mandibles triangular, closing against clypeus; this a thin convex lamella, minutely denticulated: one big apical teeth followed by up to ten denticles to triangular teeth; frontal ridges present, very closely together, sometimes fused medially and diverging basally; parafrontal ridges weakly developed but present as a darkened ridge, with a small tooth apically; both structures not surpassing the antennal sockets. Pro- and mesonotum convex, propodeum flat, both meeting at an angle. Transverse mesopleural groove and mesometapleural suture present but weakly impressed. Propodeal declivity convex, encircled by a well-developed ridge. Petiole subsessile. Femora subrectangular in frontal view, not distally incrassated. Mandibles longitudinally striated; overall sculpture reticulated, including head, legs and antennae. Gaster glassy smooth, except for a small dorsal alutaceus area adjacent to the postpetiolar insertion, extending backwards not more than the postpetiole width. OVERVIEW. This group consists of three species: A. koloi sp. nov. is clearly smaller (HW<0,60) and unlike the other two does not present a developed subpetiolar process; the pilosity in A. susanae sp. nov. is abundant, long and reclinated overall, while in A. xegi sp. nov. is scattered, semierect and unequal.
description: Published as part of Gómez, Kiko, 2022, A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste, pp. 1-86 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 124 on page 36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5898821
"Born in Rome" or "Sleeping Beauty": Emergence of hashtag popularity on the Chinese microblog Sina Weibo
Creators: name: Cui, Hao
name: Kertész, János
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To understand the emergence of hashtag popularity in online social networking complex systems, we study the largest Chinese microblogging site Sina Weibo, which has a Hot Search List (HSL) showing in real time the ranking of the 50 most popular hashtags based on search activity. We investigate the prehistory of successful hashtags from 17 July 2020 to 17 September 2020 by mapping out the related interaction network preceding the selection to HSL. We have found that the circadian activity pattern has an impact on the time needed to get to the HSL. When analyzing this time we distinguish two extreme categories: a) "Born in Rome", which means hashtags are mostly first created by super-hubs or reach super-hubs at an early stage during their propagation and thus gain immediate wide attention from the broad public, and b) "Sleeping Beauty", meaning the hashtags gain little attention at the beginning and reach system-wide popularity after a considerable time lag. The evolution of the repost networks of successful hashtags before getting to the HSL show two types of growth patterns: "smooth" and "stepwise". The former is usually dominated by a super-hub and the latter results from consecutive waves of contributions of smaller hubs. The repost networks of unsuccessful hashtags exhibit a simple evolution pattern.
description: Main paper 12 pages, 7 figures. Supplementary information 5 pages, 3 figures
Video-based cardiac physiological measurements using joint blind source separation approaches
Creators: name: Qi, Huan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Non-contact measurements of human cardiopulmonary physiological parameters based on photoplethysmography (PPG) can lead to efficient and comfortable medical assessment. It was shown that human facial blood volume variation during cardiac cycle can be indirectly captured by regular Red-Green-Blue (RGB) cameras. However, few attempts have been made to incorporate data from different facial sub-regions to improve remote measurement performance. In this thesis, we propose a novel framework for non-contact video-based human heart rate (HR) measurement by exploring correlations among facial sub-regions via joint blind source separation (J-BSS). In an experiment involving video data collected from 16 subjects, we compare the non-contact HR measurement results obtained from a commercial digital camera to results from a Health Canada and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed contact blood volume pulse (BVP) sensor. We further test our framework on a large public database, which provides subjects' left-thumb plethysmograph signal as ground truth. Experimental results show that the proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art independent component analysis (ICA)-based methodologies. Driver physiological monitoring in vehicle is of great importance to provide a comfortable driving environment and prevent road accidents. Contact sensors can be placed on the driver's body to measure various physiological parameters. However such sensors may cause discomfort or distraction. The development of non-contact techniques can provide a promising solution. In this thesis, we employ our proposed non-contact video-based HR measurement framework to monitor the drivers heart rate and do heart rate variability analysis using a simple consumer-level webcam. Experiments of real-world road driving demonstrate that the proposed non-contact framework is promising even with the presence of unstable illumination variation and head movement.
Macroderes amplior Frolov & Scholtz 2005
Creators: name: Abdalla, Ishtiag H.
name: Deschodt, Christian M.
name: Scholtz, Clarke H.
name: Sole, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Macroderes
Macroderes amplior

description: Macroderes amplior Frolov & Scholtz, 2005
(Figs. 3, 27, 64)
Macroderes amplior Frolov & Scholtz, 2005: 383.
Type locality. RSA, Western Cape Prov, 5 Km W of Rietpoort, 30°58'36.58''S 017°59'55.69''E.
Type material examined. Holotype, ♂ (TMSA): “ RSA / Western Cape Prov / 5 km W of / Rietpoort / A. Frolov & C. Deschodt leg [printed] // AF–0035(15) / 3–11. IX. 2003 / S 30° 58' 36.58'' E 017° 59' 55.69'' [printed] // HOLOTYPUS / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”. Paratypes: 1 ♂ and 10 ♀♀, same data as holotype, 1 ♂ and 7 ♀♀ in UPSA, 3 ♀♀ in TMSA; 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ (TMSA): “ RSA / Western Cape Prov / 5 km W of / Rietpoort / A. Frolov & C. Deschodt leg [printed] // AF-0036 (16) / 3–11. IX. 2003 / S 30° 58' 48.49'' E 017° 59' 36.38'' [printed] // PARATYPUS / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”; 1 ♂ (TMSA): “S. Afr / Namaquland / Rietpoort farm / 30°. 59' S–18°. 06' E / [printed] // PARATYPUS / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed] // PARATYPUS / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”; 1 ♀ (SANC): “KOMAGGAS / NW / CP / (7 km N) / 9. IX. 81 / Red sand / Gravel Mountain / Karro / Donkey & ALV. Davis [printed] // Macorderes sp / det. CSIRO. DBRU [printed] // PARATYPUS / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”; 1 ♂ and 1♀ (SAMC): “ RSA / Western Cape Prov / 5 Km W of / Rietpoort / A. Frolov & C. Deschodt leg [printed] // AF-0036 (16) / 3-11-2003 / S 30° 58' 48.49'' E 017° 59' 36.38'' [printed] // Paratypus / Macroderes amplior / Frolov & Scholtz 2003 [red label, printed]”.
Additional material examined. 1 ♀ (UPSA): “ Rietpoort / S 30.97729° E 18.00026° / 30.viii.2004 / C. Deschodt & M. Deschodt leg”.
Size range. Males length: 11.8–13.2 mm, width: 8.5–9.0 mm; females length: 10.7–12.5 mm, width: 8.6–9.6 mm.
Differential diagnosis. Resemble M. tortuosus new species in having pronotum with elongated punctures (Fig. 64) and M. mutilans in the general body features, however, it can be distinguished from the former by having impunctate lateral borders of the pronotum and from the later by having rather undulate surface of elytra and also by having very long lateral process of internal sac of aedeagus (Fig. 27)
Habitat and distribution. Rietpoort and Komaggas are two localities in Namaqualand region (Fig. 2). The area is dry and hot; characterised by low annual rainfall and a wide distribution of succulent vegetation.
description: Published as part of Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Deschodt, Christian M., Scholtz, Clarke H. & Sole, Catherine L., 2018, An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa, pp. 41-75 in Zootaxa 4504 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2606164
TBA for the Toda chain
Creators: name: Kozlowski, K. K.
name: Teschner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a direct derivation of a proposal of Nekrasov-Shatashvili concerning the quantization conditions of the Toda chain. The quantization conditions are formulated in terms of solutions to a nonlinear integral equation similar to the ones coming from the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. This is equivalent to extremizing a certain function called Yang's potential. It is shown that the Nekrasov-Shatashvili formulation of the quantization conditions follows from the solution theory of the Baxter equation, suggesting that this way of formulating the quantization conditions should indeed be applicable to large classes of quantized algebraically integrable models.
description: 21 pages
Operator fusion from wavefunction overlaps: Universal finite-size corrections and application to Haagerup model
Creators: name: Liu, Yuhan
name: Zou, Yijian
name: Ryu, Shinsei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a critical quantum spin chain described by a conformal field theory (CFT) at long distances, it is crucial to understand the universal conformal data. One most important ingredient is the operator product expansion (OPE) coefficients, which describe how operators fuse into each other. It has been proposed in [Zou, Vidal, Phys. Rev. B 105, 125125] that the OPE coefficients can be computed from overlaps of low-energy wavefunctions of the spin chain. In this work, we establish that all conformal data including central charge, conformal dimensions, and OPE coefficients are encoded in the wavefunction overlaps, with universal finite-size corrections that depend on the operator content of the cyclic orbifold CFT. Thus this method allows us to numerically compute all the conformal data based solely on the low-energy eigenstates. The predictions are verified in the Ising and XXZ model. As an application, we study the recently proposed Haagerup model built from the Haagerup fusion category. We find that the CFT has central charge $c \approx 2.1$ and the lowest spin-$1$ operator in the twisted sector has scaling dimension $1 < Δ_J \leq 1.4$.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 10 of Gene regulation network analyses of pistil development in papaya
Creators: name: Liao, Zhenyang
name: Dong, Fei
name: Liu, Juan
name: Xu, Lele
name: Marshall-Colon, Amy
name: Ming, Ray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10. Diagram of gene regulation network in mitosis stage (S4), red triangles represent transcription factors, blue circles represent genes. Transcription factors and regulated genes are connected with black lines. a, Female sample. b, Male sample.
Ergodicity of unlabeled dynamics of Dyson's model in infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Osada, Hirofumi
name: Osada, Shota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 2020: 60B20, 60H10, 60J40, 60J60, 60K35

description: Dyson's model in infinite dimensions is a system of Brownian particles that interact via a logarithmic potential with an inverse temperature of $ β= 2$. The stochastic process can be represented by the solution to an infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equation. The associated unlabeled dynamics (diffusion process) are given by the Dirichlet form with the sine$ _2$ point process as a reference measure. In a previous study, we proved that Dyson's model in infinite dimensions is irreducible, but left the ergodicity of the unlabeled dynamics as an open problem. In this paper, we prove that the unlabeled dynamics of Dyson's model in infinite dimensions are ergodic.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2107.10775
Zitterbewegung of optical pulses in nonlinear frequency conversion
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulse walk-off in the process of sum frequency generation in a nonlinear $χ^{(2)}$ crystal is shown to be responsible for pulse jittering which is reminiscent to the Zitterbewegung (trembling motion) of a relativistic freely moving Dirac particle. An analytical expression for the pulse center of mass trajectory is derived in the no-pump-depletion limit, and numerical examples of Zitterbewegung are presented for sum frequency generation in periodically-poled lithium niobate. The proposed quantum-optical analogy indicates that frequency conversion in nonlinear optics could provide an experimentally accessible simulator of the Dirac equation.
description: to be published in Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics
Topological atomic spinwave lattices by dissipative couplings
Creators: name: Hao, Dongdong
name: Wang, Lin
name: Lu, Xingda
name: Cao, Xuzhen
name: Jia, Suotang
name: Hu, Ying
name: Xiao, Yanhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental advance in creating dissipative couplings provides a new route for engineering exotic lattice systems and exploring topological dissipation. Using the spatial lattice of atomic spinwaves in a vacuum vapor cell, where purely dissipative couplings arise from diffusion of atoms, we experimentally realize a dissipative version of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model. We construct the dissipation spectrum of the topological or trivial lattices via electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) spectroscopy. The topological dissipation spectrum is found to exhibit edge modes within a dissipative gap. We validate chiral symmetry of the dissipative SSH couplings, and also probe topological features of the generalized dissipative SSH model. This work paves the way for realizing non-Hermitian topological quantum optics via dissipative couplings.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Assessing the ultracentral flow puzzle in hydrodynamic modeling of heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Giannini, A. V.
name: Ferreira, M. N.
name: Hippert, M.
name: Chinellato, D. D.
name: Denicol, G. S.
name: Luzum, M.
name: Noronha, J.
name: da Silva, T. Nunes
name: Takahashi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An outstanding problem in heavy-ion collisions is the inability for models to accurately describe ultra-central experimental flow data, despite that being precisely the regime where a hydrodynamic description should be most applicable. We reassess the status of this puzzle by computing the flow in ultra-central collisions obtained from multiple recent Bayesian models that were tuned to various observables in different collision systems at typical centralities. While central data can now be described with better accuracy than in previous calculations, tension with experimental observation remains and worsens as one goes to ultra-central collisions. Tuning the model parameters cannot remove this tension without destroying the fit at other centralities. As such, new elements are likely needed in the standard modeling of heavy-ion collisions.
description: v2: 8 pages, 4 figures. Added new fig. 1; extended discussions in the "results" and "conclusions" sections. Conclusion unchanged. Matches version accepted by PRC
Spinless fermion model on diamond chain
Creators: name: Rojas, Onofre
name: de Souza, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decoration or iteration transformation was widely applied to solve exactly the magnetic spin models in one-dimensional and two-dimensional lattice. The motif of this letter is to extend the decoration transformation approach for models that describe interacting electron systems instead of spin magnetic systems, one illustrative model to be studied, will be the spinless fermion model on diamond chain. Using the decoration transformation, we are able to solve this model exactly. The phase diagram of this model was explored at zero temperature as well as the thermodynamics properties of the model for any particle density. The particular case when particle-hole symmetry is satisfied was also discussed.
Asymptotic Equipartition Properties for simple hierarchical and networked structures
Creators: name: Doku-Amponsah, Kwabena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94A15, 94A24, 60F10, 05C80

description: We prove asymptotic equipartition properties for simple hierarchical structures (modelled as multitype Galton-Watson trees) and networked structures (modelled as randomly coloured random graphs). For example, for large $n$, a networked data structure consisting of $n$ units connected by an average number of links of order $n/log n$ can be coded by about $nH$ bits, where $H$ is an explicitly defined entropy. The main technique in our proofs are large deviation principles for suitably defined empirical measures.
description: 25 pages
Geometrical Scaling of Direct Photons in Relativistic Heavy Ion and d+Au Collisions
Creators: name: Khachatryan, Vladimir
name: Praszalowicz, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that multiplicity spectra of direct photons in A+A and d+Au collisions at different centrality classes and different energies exhibit geometrical scaling, {\em i.e.}, they depend on a specific combination of number of participants $N_{\rm part}$, collisions energy $W$, and transverse momentum $p_{T}$ -- called saturation scale -- rather than on all these three variables separately. In particular, the dependence on the geometry of collisions encoded in the dependence on $N_{\rm part}$ is in agreement with the expectations based on the Color Glass Condensate theory.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Atomic-scale origin of the low grain-boundary resistance in perovskite solid electrolytes
Creators: name: Lee, Tom
name: Qi, Ji
name: Gadre, Chaitanya A.
name: Huyan, Huaixun
name: Ko, Shu-Ting
name: Zuo, Yunxing
name: Du, Chaojie
name: Li, Jie
name: Aoki, Toshihiro
name: Stippich, Caden John
name: Wu, Ruqian
name: Luo, Jian
name: Ong, Shyue Ping
name: Pan, Xiaoqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxide solid electrolytes (OSEs) have the potential to achieve improved safety and energy density for lithium-ion batteries, but their high grain-boundary (GB) resistance is a general bottleneck. In the most well studied perovskite OSE, Li3xLa2/3-xTiO3 (LLTO), the ionic conductivity of GBs is about three orders of magnitude lower than that of the bulk. In contrast, the related Li0.375Sr0.4375Ta0.75Zr0.25O3 (LSTZ0.75) perovskite exhibits low GB resistance for reasons yet unknown. Here, we used aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy, along with an active learning moment tensor potential, to reveal the atomic scale structure and composition of LSTZ0.75 GBs. Vibrational electron energy loss spectroscopy is applied for the first time to characterize the otherwise unmeasurable Li distribution in GBs of LSTZ0.75. We found that Li depletion, which is a major reason for the low GB ionic conductivity of LLTO, is absent for the GBs of LSTZ0.75. Instead, the low GB resistivity of LSTZ0.75 is attributed to the formation of a unique defective cubic perovskite interfacial structure that contained abundant vacancies. Our study provides insights into the atomic scale mechanisms of low GB resistivity and sheds light on possible paths for designing OSEs with high total ionic conductivity.
The innovative $^{52g}$Mn for PET imaging: production cross section modeling and dosimetric evaluation
Creators: name: Barbaro, F.
name: Canton, L.
name: Carante, M. P.
name: Colombi, A.
name: De Nardo, L.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Meléndez-Alafort, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Recently, the reaction $^{nat}$V($α$,x)$^{52g}$Mn has been proposed as a possible alternative to the standard $^{nat}$Cr($p$,x)$^{52g}$Mn one, but improvements in the modeling were needed to better compare the two production routes. Purpose: This work focuses on the development of precise simulations and models to compare the $^{52g}$Mn production from both reactions in terms of amount of activity and radionuclidic purity (RNP), as well as in terms of dose increase (DI) due to the co-produced radioactive contaminants, with respect to a pure $^{52g}$MnCl$_2$ injection. Methods: The nuclear code Talys has been employed to optimize the $^{nat}$V($α$,x)$^{52g}$Mn cross section by tuning the parameters of the microscopic level densities. Dosimetric assessments of [$^{xx}$Mn]Cl$_2$ have been accomplished with OLINDA software 2.2.0 using female and male phantoms. At the end, the yield of $^{xx}$Mn radioisotopes estimated for the two production routes have been combined with the dosimetric results, to assess the DI at different times after the end of the irradiation. Results: Good agreement was obtained between cross sections calculations and measurements. The comparison of the two reaction channels suggests that $^{nat}$V($α$,x)$^{52g}$Mn leads to higher yield and higher purity, resulting in a less harmful impact on patients' health in terms of DI. Conclusions: Both $^{nat}$V($α$,x) and $^{nat}$Cr($p$,x) production routes provide clinically acceptable $^{52g}$MnCl$_2$ for PET imaging. However, the $^{nat}$V($α$,x)$^{52g}$Mn reaction provides a DI systematically lower than the one obtainable with $^{nat}$Cr($p$,x)$^{52g}$Mn and a longer time window in which it can be used clinically (RNP $\ge$ 99\%).
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
Wall-modeled large-eddy simulation of three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer in a bent square duct
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaohan
name: Hayat, Imran
name: Park, George Ilhwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct wall-modeled LES (WMLES) of a pressure-driven three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer (3DTBL) developing on the floor of a bent square duct to investigate the predictive capability of three widely used wall models, namely, a simple equilibrium stress model, an integral nonequilibrium model, and a PDE nonequilibrium model. The numerical results are compared with the experiment of Schwarz and Bradshaw (J. Fluid Mech. (1994), vol. 272, pp. 183-210). While the wall-stress magnitudes predicted by the three wall models are comparable, the PDE nonequilibrium wall model produces a substantially more accurate prediction of the wall-stress direction, followed by the integral nonequilibrium wall model. The wall-stress direction from the wall models is shown to have separable contributions from the equilibrium stress part and the integrated nonequilibrium effects, where how the latter is modeled differs among the wall models. The triangular plot of the wall-model solution reveals different capabilities of the wall models in representing variation of flow direction along the wall-normal direction. On the contrary, the outer LES solution is unaffected by the type of wall model used, resulting in nearly identical predictions of the mean and turbulent statistics in the outer region for all the wall models. This is explained by the vorticity dynamics and the inviscid skewing mechanism of generating the mean three-dimensionality. Finally, the LES solution in the outer layer is used to study the anisotropy of turbulence. In contrast to the canonical 2D wall turbulence, the Reynolds stress anisotropy exhibit strong non-monotonic behavior with increasing wall distance.
Design considerations for a hierarchical semantic compositional framework for medical natural language understanding
Creators: name: Taira, Ricky K.
name: Garlid, Anders O.
name: Speier, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical natural language processing (NLP) systems are a key enabling technology for transforming Big Data from clinical report repositories to information used to support disease models and validate intervention methods. However, current medical NLP systems fall considerably short when faced with the task of logically interpreting clinical text. In this paper, we describe a framework inspired by mechanisms of human cognition in an attempt to jump the NLP performance curve. The design centers about a hierarchical semantic compositional model (HSCM) which provides an internal substrate for guiding the interpretation process. The paper describes insights from four key cognitive aspects including semantic memory, semantic composition, semantic activation, and hierarchical predictive coding. We discuss the design of a generative semantic model and an associated semantic parser used to transform a free-text sentence into a logical representation of its meaning. The paper discusses supportive and antagonistic arguments for the key features of the architecture as a long-term foundational framework.
Aenictus Gómez 2022
Creators: name: Gómez, Kiko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Aenictus

description: popeyei species group DIAGNOSIS. Unmistakable due to their massive mandibles, conspicuously different from the rest of the species in the genus worldwide with its basal half modified, globose, expanded and as big as the rest of the mandible. Mandibles closing against the clypeus and armed with a big sharp apical tooth followed by a smaller preapical tooth. Clypeus reduced to a narrow rectangular lamella protruding from the middle of the anterior border, continuing the frontal ridges. This lamella ends in two small blunt triangular denticles, sometimes one or both eroded, its width and length smaller than the distance between the antennal sockets. Frontal ridges present and not fused, laterobasally rounded into a low vertical triangle; parafrontal ridges present but weak, with a small apical tooth pointing upwards. Pronotum convex and propodeum flat in lateral view; transverse mesopleural groove and mesometapleural suture present but not deeply impressed. Propodeal declivity slightly convex, encircled by a well-developed ridge. Femora and tibiae with its apical half swollen. Head, pronotum, legs, scapes and gaster glassy smooth, remainder of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole alutaceus to reticulated, sometimes longitudinally rugulose on the mesopleurae. This group seems to be closely related to the decolorgroup, as they share similar habitus and dentition, but the basal half of the mandibles differs from any other species worldwide.
description: Published as part of Gómez, Kiko, 2022, A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste, pp. 1-86 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 124 on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5898821
The fidelity of implementation of family development response in British Columbia
Creators: name: Ji, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: While previous research has explored the efficacy of differential response programs in child welfare, there have been no studies to date about coding decisions between designations by child protection service agencies. Research has explored client satisfaction with differential response as well as rates of recidivism and removal/placement but with limited attention paid to the rationales behind coding decisions and re-coding once an initial designation pathway is assigned. This descriptive study uses data previously gathered by child protection social workers to qualitatively evaluate the fidelity of implementation of Family Development Response in British Columbia and the integrity of the program with regards to its stated objectives. Based on a random sample of intakes, decision-making fidelity to code as family development response or investigation was examined by exploring rationales behind coding at critical decision points and mechanisms for re-coding during family involvement with child protective services. Subsequently, this study examined whether cases that had been coded as Family Development Response differed substantially from investigations in terms of service provision, outcomes and appropriateness of family development response for high-risk cases.
Sensor Scheduling for Energy-Efficient Target Tracking in Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Atia, George K.
name: Veeravalli, Venugopal V.
name: Fuemmeler, Jason A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study the problem of tracking an object moving randomly through a network of wireless sensors. Our objective is to devise strategies for scheduling the sensors to optimize the tradeoff between tracking performance and energy consumption. We cast the scheduling problem as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP), where the control actions correspond to the set of sensors to activate at each time step. Using a bottom-up approach, we consider different sensing, motion and cost models with increasing levels of difficulty. At the first level, the sensing regions of the different sensors do not overlap and the target is only observed within the sensing range of an active sensor. Then, we consider sensors with overlapping sensing range such that the tracking error, and hence the actions of the different sensors, are tightly coupled. Finally, we consider scenarios wherein the target locations and sensors' observations assume values on continuous spaces. Exact solutions are generally intractable even for the simplest models due to the dimensionality of the information and action spaces. Hence, we devise approximate solution techniques, and in some cases derive lower bounds on the optimal tradeoff curves. The generated scheduling policies, albeit suboptimal, often provide close-to-optimal energy-tracking tradeoffs.
Topological Data Analysis of Human Brain Networks Through Order Statistics
Creators: name: Das, Soumya
name: Anand, D. Vijay
name: Chung, Moo K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding the common topological characteristics of the human brain network across a population is central to understanding brain functions. The abstraction of human connectome as a graph has been pivotal in gaining insights on the topological properties of the brain network. The development of group-level statistical inference procedures in brain graphs while accounting for the heterogeneity and randomness still remains a difficult task. In this study, we develop a robust statistical framework based on persistent homology using the order statistics for analyzing brain networks. The use of order statistics greatly simplifies the computation of the persistent barcodes. We validate the proposed methods using comprehensive simulation studies and subsequently apply to the resting-state functional magnetic resonance images. We found a statistically significant topological difference between the male and female brain networks.
de Sitter spacetime: effects of metric perturbations on geodesic motion
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Esposito, Giampiero
name: Geralico, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational perturbations of the de Sitter spacetime are investigated using the Regge--Wheeler formalism. The set of perturbation equations is reduced to a single second order differential equation of the Heun-type for both electric and magnetic multipoles. The solution so obtained is used to study the deviation from an initially radial geodesic due to the perturbation. The spectral properties of the perturbed metric are also analyzed. Finally, gauge- and tetrad-invariant first-order massless perturbations of any spin are explored following the approach of Teukolsky. The existence of closed-form, i.e. Liouvillian, solutions to the radial part of the Teukolsky master equation is discussed.
description: IOP macros, 10 figures
Phase equilibria of polydisperse hydrocarbons: moment free energy method analysis
Creators: name: Speranza, Alessandro
name: Di Patti, Francesca
name: Terenzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82Bxx, 82Dxx, 80Axx,

description: We analyze the phase equilibria of systems of polydisperse hydrocarbons by means of the recently introduced moment method. Hydrocarbons are modelled with the Soave-Redlick-Kwong and Peng-Robinson equations of states. Numerical results show no particular qualitative difference between the two equations of states. Furthermore, in general the moment method proves to be an excellent method for solving phase equilibria of polydisperse systems, showing excellent agreement with previous results and allowing a great improvement in generality of the numerical scheme and speed of computation.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Seiberg-Witten theory, matrix model and AGT relation
Creators: name: Eguchi, Tohru
name: Maruyoshi, Kazunobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Penner-type matrix model which has been proposed to explain the AGT relation between the 2-dimensional Liouville theory and 4-dimensional N=2 superconformal gauge theories. In our previous communication we have obtained the spectral curve of the matrix model and showed that it agrees with that derived from M-theory. We have also discussed the decoupling limit of massive flavors and proposed new matrix models which describe Seiberg-Witten theory with flavors N_f=2,3. In this article we explicitly evaluate the free energy of these matrix models and show that they in fact reproduce the amplitudes of Seiberg-Witten theory.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Are diffusion coefficients calculated using the Stokes-Einstein equation combined with viscosities consistent with measured diffusion coefficients of tracer organics within organics-water mediums?
Creators: name: Chenyakin, Yuri
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Recently, rates of molecular diffusion of organic species within organic-water particles of atmospheric relevance have become an area of intense research. This is because molecular diffusion rates are required for predicting rates of growth and reactivity of organic-water particles in the atmosphere. Due to the shortage of information on the topic, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was used to measure the diffusion coefficients of three organic tracer dyes in sucrose-water aqueous solutions that serve as proxies for organic-water particles in the atmosphere. Organic tracer dyes used were fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran (molecular weight (MW) of 1.50x10⁵ g/mol, hydrodynamic radius (RH) of 83.1 Å), calcein (MW of 622 g/mol, RH = 7.4 Å) and fluorescein sodium salt (fluorescein) (MW of 376 g/mol, RH = 5.02 Å). For FITC-dextran, diffusion coefficients ranging from 12.6-1.53x10-² µm²/s were measured for water activities (aw) ranging from 0.99 to 0.75. For calcein, diffusion coefficients ranging from 4.10-1.65x10-³ µm²/s were measured for aw from 0.88 to 0.65. For fluorescein, diffusion coefficients ranging from 7.09-2.51x10-⁴ µm²/s for aw ranging from 0.88 to 0.50. The results in this dissertation showed that Stokes-Einstein equation is still valid for molecules at the size scale of fluorescein in sucrose-water mixtures when the aw ≥ 0.50. This corresponds to viscosities ≤ 10⁴ Pa·s and Tg/T ≤ 0.87. This is consistent with the previous studies by Champion et al. (1997) who also observed consistency between the Stokes-Einstein equation and measurements when Tg/T ≤ 0.86 when studying diffusion of fluorescein in sucrose- water mixtures. However, the results are inconsistent with the studies by Corti et al. (2008a) who showed decoupling between the Stokes-Einstein equation and viscosity measurements when Tg/T > 0.65.