cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A condition for the Holder regularity of strong local minimizers of a nonlinear elastic energy in two dimensions
Creators: name: Bevan, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74G40, 49N60

description: We prove the local Hölder continuity of strong local minimizers of the stored energy functional \[E(u)=\int_{\om}λ|\nabla u|^{2}+h(\det \nabla u) \,dx\] subject to a condition of `positive twist'. The latter turns out to be equivalent to requiring that $u$ maps circles to suitably star-shaped sets. The convex function $h(s)$ grows logarithmically as $s\to 0+$, linearly as $s \to +\infty$, and satisfies $h(s)=+\infty$ if $s \leq 0$. These properties encode a constitutive condition which ensures that material does not interpenetrate during a deformation and is one of the principal obstacles to proving the regularity of local or global minimizers. The main innovation is to prove that if a local minimizer has positive twist a.e\frenchspacing. on a ball then an Euler-Lagrange type inequality holds and a Caccioppoli inequality can be derived from it. The claimed Hölder continuity then follows by adapting some well-known elliptic regularity theory. We also demonstrate the regularizing effect that the term $\int_{\om} h(\det \nabla u)\,dx$ can have by analysing the regularity of local minimizers in the class of `shear maps'. In this setting a more easily verifiable condition than that of positive twist is imposed, with the result that local minimizers are Hölder continuous.
description: 4 figures
Deep reinforcement learning for preparation of thermal and prethermal quantum states
Creators: name: Baba, Shotaro Z.
name: Yoshioka, Nobuyuki
name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Sagawa, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method based on deep reinforcement learning that efficiently prepares a quantum many-body pure state in thermal or prethermal equilibrium. The main physical intuition underlying the method is that the information on the equilibrium states can be efficiently encoded/extracted by focusing on only a few local observables, relying on the typicality of equilibrium states. Instead of resorting to the expensive preparation protocol that adopts global features such as the quantum state fidelity, we show that the equilibrium states can be efficiently prepared only by learning the expectation values of local observables. We demonstrate our method by preparing two illustrative examples: Gibbs ensembles in non-integrable systems and generalized Gibbs ensembles in integrable systems. Pure states prepared solely from local observables are numerically shown to successfully encode the macroscopic properties of the equilibrium states. Furthermore, we find that the preparation errors, with respect to the system size, decay exponentially for Gibbs ensembles and polynomially for generalized Gibbs ensembles, which are in agreement with the finite-size fluctuation within thermodynamic ensembles. Our method paves a path toward studying the thermodynamic and statistical properties of quantum many-body systems in quantum hardware.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures;Appendix F-I added, some additional descriptions, script & fugures improved, results unchanged
Untrained physically informed neural network for image reconstruction of magnetic field sources
Creators: name: Dubois, A. E. E.
name: Broadway, D. A.
name: Stark, A.
name: Tschudin, M. A.
name: Healey, A. J.
name: Huber, S. D.
name: Tetienne, J. -P.
name: Greplova, E.
name: Maletinsky, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting measurement outcomes from an underlying structure often follows directly from fundamental physical principles. However, a fundamental challenge is posed when trying to solve the inverse problem of inferring the underlying source-configuration based on measurement data. A key difficulty arises from the fact that such reconstructions often involve ill-posed transformations and that they are prone to numerical artefacts. Here, we develop a numerically efficient method to tackle this inverse problem for the reconstruction of magnetisation maps from measured magnetic stray field images. Our method is based on neural networks with physically inferred loss functions to efficiently eliminate common numerical artefacts. We report on a significant improvement in reconstruction over traditional methods and we show that our approach is robust to different magnetisation directions, both in- and out-of-plane, and to variations of the magnetic field measurement axis orientation. While we showcase the performance of our method using magnetometry with Nitrogen Vacancy centre spins in diamond, our neural-network-based approach to solving inverse problems is agnostic to the measurement technique and thus is applicable beyond the specific use-case demonstrated in this work.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Self-testing of any pure entangled state with minimal number of measurements and optimal randomness certification in one-sided device-independent scenario
Creators: name: Sarkar, Shubhayan
name: Borkała, Jakub J.
name: Jebarathinam, Chellasamy
name: Makuta, Owidiusz
name: Saha, Debashis
name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certification of quantum systems and their properties has become a field of intensive studies. Here, taking advantage of the one-sided device-independent scenario (known also as quantum steering scenario), we propose a self-testing scheme for all bipartite entangled states using a single family of steering inequalities with the minimal number of two measurements per party. Building on this scheme we then show how to certify all rank-one extremal measurements, including non-projective $d^2$-outcome measurements, which in turn can be used for certification of the maximal amount of randomness from every entangled bipartite state of local dimension $d$, that is, $2\log_2d$ bits. Finally, in a particular case of $d=3$, we extend our self-testing results to the fully device-independent setting.
description: Corrected and improved version. Comments are welcome!
2+1 flavors QCD equation of state at zero temperature within Dyson-Schwinger equations
Creators: name: Xu, Shu-Sheng
name: Yan, Yan
name: Cui, Zhu-Fang
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs), we discuss the equation of state (EOS) and quark number densities of 2+1 flavors, that is to say, $u$, $d$, and $s$ quarks. The chemical equilibrium and electric charge neutrality conditions are used to constrain the chemical potential of different quarks. The EOS in the cases of 2 flavors and 2+1 flavors are discussed, and the quark number densities, the pressure, and energy density per baryon are also studied. The results show that there is a critical chemical potential for each flavor of quark, at which the quark number density turns to nonzero from 0; and furthermore, the system with 2+1 flavors of quarks is more stable than that with 2 flavors in the system. These discussion may provide some useful information to some research fields, such as the studies related to the QCD phase transitions or compact stars.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Quantum Steering on IBMQ
Creators: name: Seifert, Lennart Maximilian
name: Beyer, Konstantin
name: Luoma, Kimmo
name: Strunz, Walter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use contemporary quantum computers to experimentally investigate quantum steering ofan open quantum system by measurements on its environment. On three IBMQ processors wedistinguish a qubit as the open system and perform pairwise interactions with multiple environmentancillas, following a collision model approach. Different measurement strategies on the ancillaslead to different state ensembles of the open system, which are reconstructed by employing statetomography. The amount of steering within the resulting assemblages is quantified with the help of asemidefinite program. We successfully observe the presence of quantum steering in our experimentalsimulations, and can discriminate the different performance qualities and noise levels of the selectedquantum devices.
Membrane domain formation induced by binding/unbinding of curvature-inducing molecules onto both membrane surfaces
Creators: name: Noguchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The domain formation of curvature-inducing molecules, such as peripheral or transmembrane proteins and conical surfactants, is studied in thermal equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady states using meshless membrane simulations. These molecules can bind onto both surfaces of a bilayer membrane and also move to the opposite leaflet by a flip-flop. In symmetric conditions for the two leaflets, the membrane domains form checkerboard patterns in addition to stripe and spot patterns. The unbound membrane stabilizes the vertices of the checkerboard. In asymmetric conditions, the domains form kagome-lattice and thread-like domains. In the nonequilibrium steady states, a flow of the binding molecules between the upper and lower solutions can occur via the flip-flop.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Fractonic Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition from a renormalization group perspective
Creators: name: Grosvenor, Kevin T.
name: Lier, Ruben
name: Surówka, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proliferation of defects is a mechanism that allows for topological phase transitions. Such a phase transition is found in two dimensions for the XY-model, which lies in the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) universality class. The transition point can be found using renormalization group analysis. We apply renormalization group arguments to determine the nature of BKT transitions for the three-dimensional plaquette-dimer model, which is a model that exhibits fractonic mobility constraints. We show that an important part of this analysis demands a modified dimensional analysis that changes the interpretation of scaling dimensions upon coarse-graining. Using this modified dimensional analysis we compute the beta functions of the model and predict a finite critical value above which the fractonic phase melts, proliferating dipoles. Importantly, the transition point is found through a renormalization group analysis that accounts for the phenomenon of UV/IR mixing, characteristic of fractonic models.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Controversial Age Spreads from the Main Sequence Turn-Off and Red Clump in Intermediate-Age Clusters in the LMC
Creators: name: Niederhofer, F.
name: Bastian, N.
name: Kozhurina-Platais, V.
name: Hilker, M.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Cabrera-Ziri, I.
name: Li, C.
name: Ercolano, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most star clusters at an intermediate age (1-2 Gyr) in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds show a puzzling feature in their color-magnitude diagrams (CMD) that is not in agreement with a simple stellar population. The main sequence turn-off of these clusters is much broader than would be expected from photometric uncertainties. One interpretation of this feature is that age spreads of the order 200-500 Myr exist within individual clusters, although this interpretation is highly debated. Such large age spreads should affect other parts of the CMD, which are sensitive to age, as well. In this study, we analyze the CMDs of a sample of 12 intermediate-age clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud that all show an extended turn-off using archival optical data taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. We fit the star formation history of the turn-off region and the red clump region independently with two different theoretical isochrone models. We find that in most of the cases, the age spreads inferred from the red clumps are smaller than the ones resulting from the turn-off region. However, the age ranges resulting from the red clump region are broader than would be expected for a single age. Only two out of 12 clusters in our sample show a red clump which seems to be consistent with a single age. As our results are not unambiguous, we can not ultimately tell if the extended main sequence turn-off feature is due to an age spread, or not, by fitting the star formation histories to the red clump regions. However, we find that the width of the extended main sequence turn-off feature is correlated with the age of the clusters in a way which would be unexplained in the "age spread" interpretation, but which may be expected if stellar rotation is the cause of the spread at the turn-off.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Model selection applied to reconstructions of the Dark Energy
Creators: name: Escamilla, Luis A.
name: Vazquez, J. Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main aim of this paper is to perform a model comparison for some reconstructions of the key properties that describe the dark energy of the Universe i.e. energy density and the equation of state (EoS). We carry out this process by using a binning and a linear interpolation methodologies, and on top of that, we incorporate a correlation function mechanism. An extension of the two of them was also introduced, where internal amplitudes are allowed to vary in height as well as in position. The reconstructions were made with data from the Hubble parameter, Supernovae Type Ia and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (H+SN+BAO), all of which span a range from $z=0.01$ to $z=2.34$. First we perform the parameter estimation for each of the reconstructions to then provide a model selection through the Bayesian Evidence. Throughout our process we found a better fit to the data, up to $4σ$ compared to $Λ$CDM, and the presence of some interesting features, i.e. an oscillatory behaviour at late times, a decrease in the dark energy density component at early times and a transition to the phantom divide-line in the EoS. To discern these features from noisy contributions, we include a principal component analysis and found that some of these characteristics should be taken into account to satisfy current observations.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; matches the version published in EPJC
Sterile neutrino dark matter: A tale of weak interactions in the strong coupling epoch
Creators: name: Venumadhav, Tejaswi
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Abazajian, Kevork N.
name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed study of the weak interactions of standard model neutrinos with the primordial plasma and their effect on the resonant production of sterile neutrino dark matter. Motivated by issues in cosmological structure formation on small scales, and reported X-ray signals that could be due to sterile neutrino decay, we consider $7$ keV-scale sterile neutrinos. Oscillation-driven production of such sterile neutrinos occurs at temperatures $T \gtrsim 100$ MeV, where we study two significant effects of weakly charged species in the primordial plasma: (1) the redistribution of an input lepton asymmetry; (2) the opacity for active neutrinos. We calculate the redistribution analytically above and below the quark-hadron transition, and match with lattice QCD calculations through the transition. We estimate opacities due to tree level processes involving leptons and quarks above the quark-hadron transition, and the most important mesons below the transition. We report final sterile neutrino dark matter phase space densities that are significantly influenced by these effects, and yet relatively robust to remaining uncertainties in the nature of the quark-hadron transition. We also provide transfer functions for cosmological density fluctuations with cutoffs at $k \simeq 10 \ h \ {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, that are relevant to galactic structure formation.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, code repository at https://github.com/ntveem/sterile-dm
The Effect of Obesity and Metformin on Influenza Vaccine Response
Creators: name: Khaja, Furquan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Understanding the relationship between obesity and immune response is critical in
managing healthcare for all individuals. Previous studies have shown that obesity may be
associated with a suppressed immune response. In this study, we aim to elucidate the extent of
immunosuppression in obese individuals relative to healthy weight individuals. Furthermore, we
seek to investigate the effects of metformin on the immune response of type 2 diabetics;
epidemiological studies show that individuals using metformin instead of other drugs have
significantly lower rates of cancer. Metformin has also shown anti-inflammatory properties, and
as such, may have benefits against the chronic, low-grade inflammation associated with obesity.
Infinitely many 4d N=1 SCFTs with a=c
Creators: name: Kang, Monica Jinwoo
name: Lawrie, Craig
name: Lee, Ki-Hong
name: Song, Jaewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a rich set of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) with both central charges identical: $a = c$. We construct them via the diagonal $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauging of the flavor symmetry $G$ of a collection of $\mathcal{N}=2$ Argyres--Douglas theories of type $\mathcal{D}_p(G)$, with or without additional adjoint chiral multiplets. In this way, we construct infinitely-many theories that flow to interacting SCFTs with $a = c$ in the infrared. Finally, we briefly highlight the features of the SCFTs without $a = c$ that arise from generalizing this construction.
description: 43 pages+references, 11 figures, 5 tables, Journal published version
Exploring the feasibility of the charged lepton flavor violating decay $ μ\rightarrow e + γ$ in inverse and linear seesaw mechanisms with $A_4$ flavour symmetry
Creators: name: Devi, Maibam Ricky
name: Bora, Kalpana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the possible ways to explain the observed flavour structure of fundamental particles is to include flavor symmetries in the theories. In this work, we investigate the rare charged lepton flavour violating (cLFV) decay process ($μ\rightarrow eγ$) in two of the low scale ($\sim$TeV) seesaw models: (i) the Inverse seesaw (ISS) and (ii) Linear seesaw (LSS) models within the framework of $A_{4}$ flavour symmetry. Apart from the $ A_{4} $ flavour symmetry, some other symmetries like $U(1)_{X}$, $Z_4$ and $Z_5$ are included to construct the Lagrangian. We use results from our previous work \cite{Devi:2021ujp,Devi:2021aaz} where we computed unknown neutrino oscillation parameters within $3 σ$ limits of their global best fit values, and apply those results to compute the branching ratio (BR) of the muon decay for both the seesaw models. Next we compare our results with the current experimental bounds and sensitivity limits of BR($μ\rightarrow eγ$) as projected by various experiments, and present a comparative analysis that which of the two models is more likely to be tested by which current/future experiment. This is done for various values of currently allowed non-unitarity parameter. This comparative study will help us to pinpoint that which of the low scale seesaw models and triplet flavon VEV alignments will be more viable and favourable for testing under a common flavour symmetry ($A_{4}$ here), and hence can help discriminate between the two models.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Accelerating many-body entanglement generation by dipolar interactions in the Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Dziurawiec, Marlena
name: Yanes, Tanausú Hernández
name: Płodzień, Marcin
name: Gajda, Mariusz
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Witkowska, Emilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin squeezing protocols allow the dynamical generation of massively correlated quantum many-body states, which can be utilized in entanglement-enhanced metrology and technologies. We study a quantum simulator generating twisting dynamics realized in a two-component Bose-Hubbard model with dipolar interactions. We show that the interplay of contact and long-range dipolar interactions between atoms in the superfluid phase activates the anisotropic two-axis counter-twisting mechanism, accelerating the spin squeezing dynamics and allowing the Heisenberg-limited accuracy in spectroscopic measurements.
Ferroelectric phase transition in orthorhombic CdTiO3: First-principles studies
Creators: name: Lebedev, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structures and phonon spectra of orthorhombic cadmium titanate with the $Pbnm$ structure and of its two possible ferroelectrically distorted phases with $Pbn2_1$ and $Pb2_1m$ space groups were calculated from first principles within the density functional theory. The obtained structural parameters and frequencies of Raman- and infrared-active modes are in good agreement with available experimental data for the $Pbnm$ phase. Expansion of the total energy in a Taylor series of two order parameters showed that the ground state of the system corresponds to the $Pbn2_1$ structure into which the $Pbnm$ phase transforms through a second-order phase transition without intermediate phases. A substantial discrepancy between the calculated and experimentally observed lattice distortions and spontaneous polarization in the polar phase was explained by quantum fluctuations as well as by existence of twinning and competing long-period structures.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Optimal Robust Exact Differentiation via Linear Adaptive Techniques
Creators: name: Seeber, Richard
name: Haimovich, Hernan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The problem of differentiating a function with bounded second derivative in the presence of bounded measurement noise is considered in both continuous-time and sampled-data settings. Fundamental performance limitations of causal differentiators, in terms of the smallest achievable worst-case differentiation error, are shown. A robust exact differentiator is then constructed via the adaptation of a single parameter of a linear differentiator. It is demonstrated that the resulting differentiator exhibits a combination of properties that outperforms existing continuous-time differentiators: it is robust with respect to noise, it instantaneously converges to the exact derivative in the absence of noise, and it attains the smallest possible -- hence optimal -- upper bound on its differentiation error under noisy measurements. For sample-based differentiators, the concept of quasi-exactness is introduced to classify differentiators that achieve the lowest possible worst-case error based on sampled measurements in the absence of noise. A straightforward sample-based implementation of the proposed linear adaptive continuous-time differentiator is shown to achieve quasi-exactness after a single sampling step as well as a theoretically optimal differentiation error bound that, in addition, converges to the continuous-time optimal one as the sampling period becomes arbitrarily small. A numerical simulation illustrates the presented formal results.
$W$ + charm associated hadroproduction: relevance of Shower Monte Carlo effects
Creators: name: Bevilacqua, G.
name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: Kardos, A.
name: Toth, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data on $W + D$-meson and $W + c$-jet hadroproduction have recently started to be included in at least some of the parton distribution function fits, mainly because of their potential to constrain the strange quark content of the proton. In this contribution we present predictions for $W + D$-meson and $W + c$-jet production with NLO QCD accuracy matched to parton shower. We show how including the latter effects, as well as hadronization, beam remnant and multiple parton interaction effects present in Shower Monte Carlo codes, is fundamental to provide consistent comparisons with the current experimental data by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations, as required for non-biased extractions of the strange and antistrange quark PDFs.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Poster Presented at DIS2022: XXIX International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, May 2-6 2022
Local variations of charge radii for nuclei with even $Z$ from 84 to 120
Creators: name: An, Rong
name: Dong, Xiao-Xu
name: Cao, Li-Gang
name: Zhang, Feng-Shou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pronounced changes of nuclear charge radii provide a stringent benchmark on the theoretical models and play a vital role in recognizing various nuclear phenomena. In this work, the systematic evolutions of nuclear charge radii along even $Z$=84-120 isotopic chains are firstly investigated by the recently developed new ansatz under the covariant density functional. The calculated results show that the shell closure effects of nuclear charge radii are remarkably shown at the neutron numbers $N=126$ and 184. Interestingly, the arch-like shapes of charge radii between these two strong neutron closed shells are naturally observed. Across the $N=184$ shell closure, the abrupt increase in charge radii is still evidently emerged. In addition, the rapid raise of nuclear charge radii from the neutron numbers $N=138$ to $N=144$ is also disclosed clearly in superheavy regions due to the enhanced shape deformation.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures
Investigating Histone Regulation Of Metazoan Replication Timing In Vivo
Creators: name: Chao, Samuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Accurate DNA replication during cell proliferation is necessary for proper human development as well as the avoidance of many diseases. Replication is an asynchronous event, as many sites across the genome carry out initiation at various times throughout S-phase of the cell cycle, a process called the replication-timing (RT) program. Aberrations in RT have been associated with cancer, yet the exact mechanisms underlying the control of RT remain largely unknown. We hypothesize that the modulation of chromatin structure by histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) plays an important role in the regulation of RT. Heterochromatic PTMs (i.e. H3K9me) are associated with late S-phase replication while euchromatic PTMs (i.e. H4K16ac) are associated with early replication. A previously-developed histone gene replacement platform in Drosophila was employed to mutate specific histone residues (e.g. H3K9R and H4K16R) and to prevent certain histone PTMs. First, the effects of histone mutation were assessed in diploid cells, using flow cytometry to observe cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. H3K9R mutants had an abnormal proportion of cells in G and S-phase whereas H4K16R mutants did not, demonstrating that the H3K9 residue is necessary for proper cell cycle progression in Drosophila. Second, to more closely examine S-phase progression itself, the effects of histone mutation were assessed in polyploid cells, using immunofluorescence to detect when various regions of the genome replicated. H4K16R mutants performed abnormally synchronous replication of both euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, suggesting that the H4K16 residue plays a role in regulating the RT program. Additional findings show that H4K16R may disrupt RT by hindering DNA repair mechanisms. Since abnormal RT is error-prone, RT dysregulation may contribute to the emergence of cancer. Therefore, exploring the interrelationships among histone PTMs, chromatin structure, and regulation of RT may provide a greater understanding of the underlying causes of cancer.
Spectral deformation for two-body dispersive systems with e.g. the Yukawa potential
Creators: name: Engelmann, Matthias
name: Rasmussen, Morten Grud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find an explicit closed formula for the $k$'th iterated commutator $\mathrm{ad}_A^k(H_V(ξ))$ of arbitrary order $k\ge1$ between a Hamiltonian $H_V(ξ)=M_{ω_ξ}+S_{\check V}$ and a conjugate operator $A=\frac{\mathfrak{i}}{2}(v_ξ\cdot\nabla+\nabla\cdot v_ξ)$, where $M_{ω_ξ}$ is the operator of multiplication with the real analytic function $ω_ξ$ which depends real analytically on the parameter $ξ$, and the operator $S_{\check V}$ is the operator of convolution with the (sufficiently nice) function $\check V$, and $v_ξ$ is some vector field determined by $ω_ξ$. Under certain assumptions, which are satisfied for the Yukawa potential, we then prove estimates of the form $\lVert\mathrm{ad}_A^k(H_V(ξ))(H_0(ξ)+\mathfrak{i})^{-1}\rVert\le C_ξ^kk!$ where $C_ξ$ is some constant which depends continuously on $ξ$. The Hamiltonian is the fixed total momentum fiber Hamiltonian of an abstract two-body dispersive system and the work is inspired by a recent result [Engelmann-Møller-Rasmussen, 2015] which, under conditions including estimates of the mentioned type, opens up for spectral deformation and analytic perturbation theory of embedded eigenvalues of finite multiplicity.
A Completeness Proof for A Regular Predicate Logic with Undefined Truth Value
Creators: name: Valmari, Antti
name: Hella, Lauri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 03B50, 03F03 (Primary) 03B10 (Secondary)

description: We provide a sound and complete proof system for an extension of Kleene's ternary logic to predicates. The concept of theory is extended with, for each function symbol, a formula that specifies when the function is defined. The notion of "is defined" is extended to terms and formulas via a straightforward recursive algorithm. The "is defined" formulas are constructed so that they themselves are always defined. The completeness proof relies on the Henkin construction. For each formula, precisely one of the formula, its negation, and the negation of its "is defined" formula is true on the constructed model. Many other ternary logics in the literature can be reduced to ours. Partial functions are ubiquitous in computer science and even in (in)equation solving at schools. Our work was motivated by an attempt to explain, precisely in terms of logic, typical informal methods of reasoning in such applications.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure
Sigmund Freud and Chajim Bloch: Exploring the Role of the Jewish Joke in European Jewish Identity
Creators: name: Lee, Tesla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This honors thesis explores Sigmund Freud’s work on Jewish jokes as expressed in his 1905 publication of Der Witz und seine Beziehung zum Unbewussten, as well as the life and publications of Chajim Bloch, a twentieth century author of short narratives on a variety of topics including East European Jewish humor. This project relates these two authors’ writings on Jewish jokes to the historical events which occurred in early twentieth century Vienna, where both men lived and worked. The thesis shows that Jewish jokes were a part of the culture in Vienna and demonstrates two different methodologies used to employ Jewish jokes. This is accomplished by exploring the ways in which Freud categorizes the joke, expounding upon what he says about the function of jokes, as well as why he uses Jewish jokes so frequently. Freud's insight into the Jewish joke is then juxtaposed with the works of Chajim Bloch who, as will be demonstrated, did not just use Jewish jokes in a different way, but has also slipped under the radar of scholars since, despite publishing more than twenty books, remains a less known figure in terms of his life and publications. This research therefore offers not only biographical information on Chajim Bloch, but also analyzes some of his writings and makes a claim for his motives.
Spinal manipulation and mobilisation in the treatment of infants, children and adolescents: a scoping review protocol.
Creators: name: Milne, Nikki
name: Longeri, Lauren
name: Patel, Anokhi
name: Pool, Jan
name: Olson, Ken
name: Basson, Annalie
name: Gross, Anita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Spinal Manipulation and Mobilisation in Children

description: This scoping review will aim to summarise and critically appraise the research evidence related to the use of spinal manipulation and mobilisation therapy techniques in the treatment of infants and children. This project has been planned as a joint project between the IFOMPT (International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists) and IOPTP (International Organisation of Physical Therapists in Paediatrics). It will explore the findings from empirical research, reviews, guidelines for practice, policies and position statements as part of the review.
Extremes of some Gaussian random interfaces
Creators: name: Chiarini, Alberto
name: Cipriani, Alessandra
name: Hazra, Rajat Subhra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we give a general criterion for some dependent Gaussian models to belong to maximal domain of attraction of Gumbel, following an application of the Stein-Chen method studied in Arratia et al(1989). We also show the convergence of the associated point process. As an application, we show the conditions are satisfied by some of the well-known supercritical Gaussian interface models, namely, membrane model, massive and massless discrete Gaussian free field, fractional Gaussian free field.
description: To appear in Journal of Statistical Physics
Killing Spirits: How Black Churches and Families Harm Through Homophobia, Transphobia, and Heterosexism
Creators: name: Lou (Hall), Joie (Kescia)
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This study narrates ways in which Black queer and trans* people experience
homophobia, transphobia, and heterosexism in their churches and families. This analysis
is essential in understanding the high rates of depression that Black queer and trans*
people experience as a result of the above systems of oppression. Studies have shown the
psychosocial effects racism has upon Black people. Many Black people seek refuge in
their families and churches to escape this system of oppression. However, simultaneously
studies indicate that queer and trans* people suffer from high rates of depression in
comparison to their cishetero counterparts through navigating homophobic, transphobic,
and heterosexist spaces. Unfortunately, as many Black queer and trans* people seek
refuge from racism in their families and churches, they are met with homophobia,
transphobia, and heterosexism. I interviewed 18 queer and trans* people across three
groups with unique relationships to the Black church. One group of participants still
attends Black non-queer affirming churches, the second group attends Black queer
affirming churches, and the final group no longer attends church or practices the
Christian faith. From this data I am able to illustrate the ways in which these two major
institutions of Blackness [church and family] participate in these systems of oppression
that may cause or worsen depression in Black queer and trans* people. This study
narrates the main ways that Black families, as well as Black churches enact homophobia,
transphobia, and heterosexism.
A Quantum Complexity Lowerbound from Differential Geometry
Creators: name: Brown, Adam R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Bishop-Gromov bound -- a cousin of the focusing lemmas that Hawking and Penrose used to prove their black hole singularity theorems -- is a differential geometry result that upperbounds the rate of growth of volume of geodesic balls in terms of the Ricci curvature. In this paper, I apply the Bishop-Gromov bound to Nielsen's complexity geometry to prove lowerbounds on the quantum complexity of a typical unitary. For a broad class of penalty schedules, the typical complexity is shown to be exponentially large in the number of qubits. This technique gives results that are tighter than all known lowerbounds in the literature, as well as establishing lowerbounds for a much broader class of complexity geometry metrics than has hitherto been bounded. For some metrics, I prove these lowerbounds are tight. This method realizes the original vision of Nielsen, which was to apply the tools of differential geometry to study quantum complexity.
Extended high-harmonic spectra through cascade resonance in confined quantum systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Du, Hongchuan
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Ray, Rajyavardhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of high-harmonic generation in confined quantum systems is vital to establishing a complete physical picture of harmonic generation from atoms and molecules to bulk solids. Based on a multilevel approach, we demonstrate how intraband resonances significantly influence the harmonic spectra via charge pumping to the higher subbands and, thus, redefine the cutoff laws. As a proof of principle, we consider the interaction of graphene nanoribbons, with zigzag as well as armchair terminations, and resonant fields polarized along the cross-ribbon direction. Here, this effect is particularly prominent due to many nearly equi-separated energy levels. In such a scenario, a cascade resonance effect can take place in high-harmonic generation when the field strength is above a critical threshold, which is completely different from the harmonic generation mechanism of atoms, molecules and bulk solids. We further discuss the implications not only for other systems in a nanoribbon geometry, but also systems where only a few subbands (energy levels) meet this frequency-matching condition by considering a generalized multilevel Hamiltonian. Our study highlights that cascade resonance bears fundamentally distinct influence on the laws of harmonic generation, specifically the cutoff laws based on laser duration, field strength, and wavelength, thus unraveling new insights in solid-state high-harmonic generation.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, one supplementary video
Crop of Salt
Creators: name: Brown, Blanche
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Table of contents: Another Part of the House; Writ in the Sky by Birds; I Don’t Like The Way Jack Gilbert Writes About Women; Blessed Are the Cheese Makers; Why Don’t You; Vulture; What Daddy Remembers I; Americus Columbus Studstil, known as Mac for short, raised my Granny.; What Grows Under a Curving; Prayer of the Limb; What Daddy Remembers II; A Pink Mobile Home; I’ve Never Slept Well in the House My Father Built; Though the oyster is mostly a shell, it is whole; What Daddy Remembers III; A way to save it; Self-Compassion; Grazing; What Daddy Remembers IV; What Kind of Cousin; If asked about my childhood; In His Own Image; On a Walk With You, Whom I Like; Logical Explanations; Old With You; Citrus, Delicious; Headlines of Clippings My Father Mails Me; This chicken is a monster; What Daddy Remembers V; Manners; A Hungry American Girl; I Was Maybe Afraid of Her; Explaining You To Other People; What Daddy Remembers VI; Consanguinity; There are upward one million feral pigs in Florida.; I’ve begun to feel the scratchy interior of my skull and that is worrisome.; Darwin’s Doing; I can become my own with something more than joy.
Surfaces of revolution satisfying $\triangle^{III}\boldsymbol{x}=A\boldsymbol{x}$
Creators: name: Stamatakis, Stylianos
name: Al-Zoubi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A05, 47A75

description: We consider surfaces of revolution in the three-dimensional Euclidean space which are of coordinate finite type with respect to the third fundamental form. We show that a surface of revolution satisfying the preceding relation is a catenoid or part of a sphere.
Learning From Repository-Scale Untargeted Metabolomics Data
Creators: name: Bittremieux, Wout
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Untargeted metabolomics data often face the challenge of limited annotation, with only a minority of mass spectra confidently identified using spectral libraries. I will present a transformative data-driven approach that has led to the creation of a propagated spectral library, known as the "suspect" spectral library, derived from repository-wide molecular networking results on the GNPS platform. Through the reanalysis of over 500 million mass spectra in 1335 publicly available datasets, we compiled a novel spectral library consisting of 87,916 new reference spectra that are structurally related to known reference molecules. I will demonstrate how the suspect library enables the discovery of novel molecules, effectively doubling the annotation rate on average. This advancement provides a powerful tool for researchers to explore previously inaccessible molecular landscapes, fostering novel biological insights.

Additionally, I will discuss recent advancements in the creation of the suspect library. Focusing on improved spectrum clustering techniques, our falcon tool minimizes data redundancy, streamlines data analysis, and enhances the interpretability of molecular networking results. Next, I will introduce our Simba tool, a transformer neural network approach we developed to predict the structural similarity between molecules based on their mass spectra. Unlike traditional modified cosine similarity, which is limited to single modifications, Simba can accurately identify molecules differing by multiple modifications. This significantly increases the number of structural analogs discoverable from untargeted mass spectrometry data.

Together, these innovations mark a significant leap towards repository-scale molecular discovery, vastly amplifying the biological knowledge that can be derived from untargeted metabolomics experiments.
Fake News and Identity
Creators: name: Lohse, Johannes
name: McDonald, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: In an increasingly polarised world, individuals select information sources that may be of lower informational value, if they come from a perceived in-group member. It is not clear how individuals make these tradeoffs, and understanding them by analysing day-to-day information selection decision choices is not feasible due to the complexity of the decision environment and the confounding factors this generates. Our goal is to strip away context to expose the foundations of these interactions, testing the trade-offs in a laboratory experiment. The basics of the experiment design are as follows. ‘Senders’ observe information about the state of the world (the colour of a ball drawn from a public distribution). Senders are incentivised according to the colour of the signal they send to ‘receivers’. Receivers are incentivised according to whether they correctly guess the colour of the ball. We vary the distribution of balls from which the draw is made, and the degree of induced bias of the sender towards sending a blue signal. In Part 2, group identity is induced. In part 3, receivers must choose between receiving information from one or more senders at a small cost. Senders’ induced bias is known to receivers. In the treatment, receivers know the group identity of the senders.
Selfconsistent hybridization expansions for static properties of the Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Hamad, I. J.
name: Roura-Bas, P.
name: Aligia, A. A.
name: Anda, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of a projector-operator formalism we derive an approximation based on a self consistent hybridization expansion to study the ground state properties of the Anderson Impurity model. We applied the approximation to the general case of finite Coulomb repulsion $U$, extending previous work with the same formalism in the infinite-$U$ case. The treatment provides a very accurate calculation of the ground state energy and their related zero temperature properties in the case in which $U$ is large enough, but still finite, as compared with the rest of energy scales involved in the model. The results for the valence of the impurity are compared with exact results that we obtain from equations derived using the Bethe ansatz and with a perturbative approach. The magnetization and magnetic susceptibility is also compared with Bethe ansatz results. In order to do this comparison, we also show how to regularize the Bethe ansatz integral equations necessary to calculate the impurity valence, for arbitrary values of the parameters.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Trends in Relocation among Rural General Surgeons in the United States: a descriptive statistical analysis, 2006-2011
Creators: name: Dutra, Kerry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study will analyze the characteristics of rural general surgeons who have moved primary
practice locations between the years 2006 and 2011, and address the following research
questions:
1. What are the overall trends in urban-rural migration among rural general surgeons in the
United States?
2. What characteristics are associated with a general surgeon’s choice to relocate their
primary practice?