Parahiraciina Cheng & Yang 1991
Creators: name: Constant, Jérôme
name: Pham, Hong Thai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Issidae

description: Subtribe Parahiraciina Cheng & Yang, 1991
Type genus
Parahiracia Ôuchi, 1940 (junior synonym of Fortunia Distant, 1909).
Diagnosis
All Vietnamese Parahiraciini belong to the subtribe Parahiraciina (Bourgoin & Wang 2020; Bourgoin 2024), which was defined by Bourgoin & Wang (2020) based on a combination of characters of the hind wings:
(1) hindwings bilobate, strongly notched at CuP with CuP-Pcu-A1 lobe generally wider than Sc-R-MP-CuA lobe; the two lobes almost the same length;
(2) posterior margin of hindwings not or indistinctly notched at A1 2;
(3) A2 lobe of hindwings with anal area posterior to A1 strongly reduced, much shorter and much thinner than the anterior lobes;
(4) hindwings with Sc-R-MP-CuA and CuP-Pcu-A1 lobes covered with a set of numerous transverse veins;
(5) hindwings with CuA and CuP not merging before the anterior notch;
(6) hindwings with Pcu and A1 1 not merging in basal half of forewing;
(7) hindwings with A2 present, not branched or absent. In some species, a transverse a2-a1 connecting A2 with A1 at the level of its basal branching (e.g., in Tetricodes tamdaoensis Vanslembrouck & Constant, 2018).
Checklist of the Parahiraciini of Vietnam
Bardunia curvinaso Gnezdilov, 2011
Brevicopius gorochovi Gnezdilov, 2017
Brevicopius jianfenglingensis (Chen, Zhang & Chang, 2014)
Cyclopissus corticalis gen. et sp. nov.
Flavina acuta Ran & Liang, 2006
Flavina bachmana sp. nov.
Flavina lami sp. nov.
Flavina quangi sp. nov.
Fortunia byrrhoides (Walker, 1858)
Fortunia viridis (Lallemand, 1942)
Gelastyrella litaoensis Yang, 1994
Laohiracia acuta Constant, 2021
Pseudochoutagus lindae sp. nov.
Pseudochoutagus rubens Gnezdilov & Constant, 2012
Pseudochoutagus trungi sp. nov.
Pumatiracia venosa Constant & Pham, 2023
Pusulissus bachmaensis sp. nov.
Pusulissus phiaoacensis Bourgoin & Wang, 2020
Pusulissus quangninhensis Constant & Pham, 2024
Rostrolatum curviceps Constant & Pham, 2024
Tetricodes pacoensis Vanslembrouck & Constant, 2018
Tetricodes tamdaoensis Vanslembrouck & Constant, 2018
Thabena frontocolorata Gnezdilov, 2015
Key to the genera of Parahiraciini of Vietnam
1. Head elongate, with vertex at least 1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 29A; Constant & Pham 2023: fig. 2a) ............................................................................................................................................... 2
– Head not elongate, with vertex not more than 1.0 times as long as wide (Figs 8A, 20A) ............... 5
2. Head moderately elongate, about 1.2 times as long as wide, not forming a distinct cephalic process (Constant & Pham 2023: fig. 2a); genae with strong carina under antennae (Constant & Pham 2023: fig. 2c–d) .................................................................................. Pumatiracia Constant & Pham, 2023
– Head strongly elongate, forming a distinct cephalic process (Fig. 29A); genae without infraocular carina (Fig. 29C–D) .......................................................................................................................... 3
3. Cephalic process downcurved (Constant & Pham 2024: fig. 28C) ................................................... ............................................................................................. Rostrolatum Che, Zhang & Wang, 2020
– Cephalic process straight or slightly upcurved apically (Fig. 29C) .................................................. 4
4. Cephalic process straight in lateral view with dorsal and ventral longitudinal carinae obvious at least on distal half (Constant 2021: fig. 1f–i); eyes roundly projecting laterally (Constant 2021: fig. 1f); anterior margin of pronotum strongly projecting anteriorly (Constant 2021: fig.1f);hind wings densely reticulate with vein Pcu strongly curved (Constant 2021: fig. 2b) .......... Laohiracia Constant, 2021
– Cephalic process is slightly curved dorsad in lateral view, with weak dorsal and ventral longitudinal carinae (Figs 25A–D, 29A–D); eyes weakly projecting laterally; anterior margin of pronotum is curved but not strongly projecting anteriorly (Figs 25A, 29A); hind wings moderately reticulate with vein Pcu weakly curved and well distinct (Figs 25E, 29E) ................................................................ ..................................................................................... Pseudochoutagus Che, Zhang & Wang, 2011
5. Angle between vertex and frons obtuse or right, with frons projecting anteriorly, visible in dorsal aspect (Constant & Pham 2024: fig. 37c–d; Gnezdilov 2017: figs 40, 42) ...................................... 6
– Angle between vertex and frons more or less strongly acute, with frons not visible in dorsal aspect (Figs 8A, C, 20A, C) ......................................................................................................................... 8
6. Tegmina with hypocostal plate ......................................................................................................... 7
– Tegmina without hypocostal plate ..................................................................... Bardunia Stål, 1863
7. Frons rather short and wide; right angle between vertex and frons; dorsal margin of frons concave (Gnezdilov 2017: figs 40, 42–43) ......................................... Brevicopius Meng, Qin & Wang, 2015
– Frons rather elongate and narrow; obtuse angle between vertex and frons; dorsal margin of frons straight (Constant & Pham 2024: fig. 37c–d, g–h) ........................................ Fortunia Distant, 1909
8. Frons with large, black, oculiform, shiny marking in the dorsal portion (Fig. 4B) .......................... 9
– Frons without black, oculiform marking in the dorsal portion (Figs 8B, 20B) .............................. 10
9. CuA vein of the tegmen straight and reaching the hind margin of the tegmen (Fig. 3A, C); capitulum of the gonostyli with a rather long neck (Fig. 5A–B); aedeagus with a pair of elongate symmetrical, lateroventral processes projecting caudad (Fig. 5E) ......................................... Cyclopissus gen. nov.
– CuA vein of the tegmen sinuate and not reaching the hind margin (Vanslembrouck & Constant 2018: fig. 1a, e); capitulum of the gonostyli with a short neck (Vanslembrouck & Constant 2018: fig. 2a); aedeagus without lateroventral processes (Vanslembrouck & Constant 2018: fig. 2c) ...................... ...................................................................................................................... Tetricodes Fennah, 1956
10. Vertex transverse, at least about twice as wide as long in midline (Fig. 20A) ................................11
– Vertex subquadrate, about 1.1 times as wide as long in midline (Fig. 8A) .......... Flavina Stål, 1861
11. Frons about as long a wide, with median carina and a transverse carina under the dorsal margin (Fig. 20B); aedeagus rather complex with multiple lobes and processes (Fig. 21E–J) .................. 12
– Frons elongate, at least 1.2 times as long in midline as wide, with median carina extending from dorsal margin almost to frontoclypeal suture and without transverse carina under dorsal margin (Fig. 33B); aedeagus rather simple, with a single pair of ventral processes curved anterodorsad (Fig. 34F–K) .............................................................................. Pusulissus Bourgoin & Wang, 2020
12. Suspensorium well developed; ventral lobe of periandrium strongly convex in lateral view (Fig. 21E– J) ................................................................................................................... Gelastyrella Yang, 1994
– Suspensorium small; ventral lobe of periandrium straight in lateral view (Zhang et al. 2020: figs 148h, 150h) .................................................................................................................... Thabena Stål, 1866
description: Published as part of Constant, Jérôme & Pham, Hong Thai, 2024, Issid planthoppers from Bach Ma and Phong Dien in Central Vietnam. I. Tribe Parahiraciini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), pp. 1-64 in European Journal of Taxonomy 975 on pages 4-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.975.2769, http://zenodo.org/record/14508730