cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Tibet and the British Raj, 1904-47: The influence of the Indian political department officers.
Creators: name: McKay, Alexander
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: Following Colonel Younghusband's Mission to Lhasa in 1903-04, officers selected by the Indian Political Department were stationed in Tibet under the command of the Political Officer Sikkim. This study examines aspects of the character, role and influence of these officers, whom I collectively term the 'Tibet cadre', and demonstrates that the cadre maintained a distinct collective identity and ethos, which was reflected in their approach to Anglo-Tibetan policies, and in the image of Tibet which resulted from the Anglo-Tibetan encounter. British India's northern frontier was the location for powerful imperial mythologies, such as the "Great Game", which were a part of cadre identity. Conditions on the frontier were believed to suit a particular type of individual, and officers of that type, capable of upholding British prestige while gaining an empathy with Tibet and Tibetans, were favoured for cadre service. A similar type of character was sought among the local intermediaries, the most successful of whom were given cadre postings. As frontiersmen following the traditions of Younghusband, their 'founding father', the cadre promoted 'forward' policies, designed to counter the perceived Russian threat to British India by extending British influence over the Himalayas. But Whitehall refused to support these policies to avoid damaging relations with China and other powers who regarded Tibet as part of China. The increased control exerted by central government over the imperial periphery in this period meant that, although the Tibet cadre did succeed in their primary aim of establishing British representation in Lhasa, they were unable to exert a dominant influence on policy-making either in Whitehall or in Lhasa. The cadre largely controlled the flow of information from Tibet, and they contributed a great deal to the construction of an image of Tibet, particularly through the books they wrote. But although individual officers such as Sir Charles Bell developed a deep understanding of Tibet, this did not fully emerge in the final image, which had passed through layers of censorship designed to ensure that the image served British interests.
Domain Terminology Integration into Machine Translation: Leveraging Large Language Models
Creators: name: Moslem, Yasmin
name: Romani, Gianfranco
name: Molaei, Mahdi
name: Haque, Rejwanul
name: Kelleher, John D.
name: Way, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper discusses the methods that we used for our submissions to the WMT 2023 Terminology Shared Task for German-to-English (DE-EN), English-to-Czech (EN-CS), and Chinese-to-English (ZH-EN) language pairs. The task aims to advance machine translation (MT) by challenging participants to develop systems that accurately translate technical terms, ultimately enhancing communication and understanding in specialised domains. To this end, we conduct experiments that utilise large language models (LLMs) for two purposes: generating synthetic bilingual terminology-based data, and post-editing translations generated by an MT model through incorporating pre-approved terms. Our system employs a four-step process: (i) using an LLM to generate bilingual synthetic data based on the provided terminology, (ii) fine-tuning a generic encoder-decoder MT model, with a mix of the terminology-based synthetic data generated in the first step and a randomly sampled portion of the original generic training data, (iii) generating translations with the fine-tuned MT model, and (iv) finally, leveraging an LLM for terminology-constrained automatic post-editing of the translations that do not include the required terms. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach in improving the integration of pre-approved terms into translations. The number of terms incorporated into the translations of the blind dataset increases from an average of 36.67% with the generic model to an average of 72.88% by the end of the process. In other words, successful utilisation of terms nearly doubles across the three language pairs.
description: WMT 2023
title: The Gujarati lyrics of Kavi Dayarambhai.
Creators: name: Dwyer, Rachel Madeline Jackson
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: Kavi Dayarambhai or Dayaram (1777-1852), considered to be one of the three greatest poets of Gujarati, brought to an end not only the age of the great bhakta-poets, but also the age of Gujarati medieval literature. After Dayaram, a new age of Gujarati literature and language began, influenced by Western education and thinking. The three chapters of Part I of the thesis look at the ways of approaching North Indian devotional literature which have informed all subsequent readings of Dayaram in the hundred and fifty years since his death. Chapter 1 is concerned with the treatment by Indologists of the Krsnaite literature in Braj Bhasa, which forms a significant part of Dayaram's literary antecedents. Chapter 2 then considers studies of Dayaram by Gujarati scholars which tend to focus on him as a devotee of Krsna and a member of the Pustimarga. It also looks at literary criticism of his writings in the context of the Gujarati literary world. Chapter 3 discusses Dayaram's lyrics from an Indological perspective, concentrating on form and language. Part II puts forward a new approach to a study of Dayaram's lyrics. Chapter 4 argues that these texts deserve treatment as literary texts in their own right and suggests a reading informed by the thought of Mikhail Bakhtin (1895- 1975). Chapter 5 discusses Dayaram's lyrics in the light of Bakhtin's concept of the camivalesque, Chapter 6 looks at the functions of chronotopic features in the lyrics. Part III is a selection of Dayaram's lyrics. The Gujarati texts are given in Roman transliteration, followed by literal translations into English. A full bibliography of primary and secondary sources consulted is included. The thesis introduces a poet scarcely known to western scholars and makes a selection of his work available to those who do not know Gujarati. It examines a number of approaches which have conventionally been brought to bear on literature of this kind. It finds much which is valuable in them but highlights some of their limitations for a study of this poet; a new critical approach from literary theory, using the ideas of Bakhtin (in particular those of the carnivalesque and the chronotope) allows the thesis to re-examine the position of Dayaram in the history of Gujarati literature.
Supplementary_materials – Supplemental material for Combination therapy of gefitinib and miR-30a-5p may overcome acquired drug resistance through regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Fengfeng Wang
name: Meng, Fei
name: Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
name: Cho, William C.S.
name: Sijun Yang
name: Chan, Lawrence W.C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_materials for Combination therapy of gefitinib and miR-30a-5p may overcome acquired drug resistance through regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in non-small cell lung cancer by Fengfeng Wang, Fei Meng, Sze Chuen Cesar Wong, William C.S. Cho, Sijun Yang and Lawrence W.C. Chan in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
title: A study of Hsin Ch'ing-nien (New Youth) magazine, 1915-1926.
Creators: name: Ma, King-Cheuk
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1974

description: The intention in this thesis is to look at the changing political beliefs of China's radical intellectuals in the May Fourth Movement through an examination of the history of the Hsin ch'ing-nien (New Youth) magazine, published from 1915 to 1926 and recognised then and now as the most influential periodical of the movement. Attention is first given to the pre-1919 stage of the May Fourth Movement, generally known as the New Culture Movement, in which the Hsin ch'ing-nien intellectuals were in the forefront of a cultural-intellectual effort to transform Chinese society by an attack on Chinese traditionalism and a promotion of Western liberal-bourgeois ideas. From the time of the May fourth Incident, several members of the magazine became committed to Marxism. The growing Marxist orientation of the magazine led to a split between its liberal and Marxist members in 1921, after which it was an organ of China's first Marxists until it ceased publication in 1926. The emphasis in the thesis is on the process by which Marxism came to be accepted and interpreted by a crucial section of the May Fourth intellectuals, and the subsequent ideological conflict in the early 1920s between the Marxists and other radical intellectuals. A tentative perspective on the May Fourth Movement is put forward in the concluding chapter, in which it is suggested that the movement, though being one of several nationalism-motivated efforts at "modernisation" in modern Chinese history, was qualitatively different from the earlier attempts in that its participants not only sought throughout for a solution beyond the Chinese cultural horizon, but also resorted to direct political action in its later stove. It was in such a context that Marxism tool: root in China.
sj-pdf-2-sjs-10.1177_1457496920930142 – Supplemental material for Validation of the low anterior resection syndrome score in finnish patients: preliminary results on quality of life in different lars severity groups
Creators: name: Carpelan, Anu
name: Elamo, Eeva
name: Karvonen, Jukka
name: Varpe, Pirita
name: Elamo, Sami
name: Vahlberg, Tero
name: Grönroos, Juha
name: Huhtinen, Heikki
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-sjs-10.1177_1457496920930142 for Validation of the low anterior resection syndrome score in finnish patients: preliminary results on quality of life in different lars severity groups by Anu Carpelan, Eeva Elamo, Jukka Karvonen, Pirita Varpe, Sami Elamo, Tero Vahlberg, Juha Grönroos and Heikki Huhtinen in Scandinavian Journal of Surgery
sj-docx-1-job-10.1177_2329488420932299 – Supplemental material for Conceptualizing and Validating Organizational Communication Patterns and Their Associations with Employee Outcomes
Creators: name: Mikkelson, Alan C.
name: Hesse, Colin
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-job-10.1177_2329488420932299 for Conceptualizing and Validating Organizational Communication Patterns and Their Associations with Employee Outcomes by Alan C. Mikkelson and Colin Hesse in International Journal of Business Communication
Analysis of the Fractional Relativistic Polytropic Gas Sphere
Creators: name: Aboueisha, Mohamed S.
name: Nouh, Mohamed I.
name: Kamel, Emad A-B. Abdel-Salam. Tarek M.
name: Beheary, Mohamed M.
name: Gadallah, Kamel A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many stellar configurations, including white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes, supermassive stars, and star clusters, rely on relativistic effects. The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation of the polytropic gas sphere is ultimately a hydrostatic equilibrium equation developed from the general relativity framework. In the modified Rieman Liouville (mRL) frame, we formulate the fractional TOV (FTOV) equations and introduce an analytical solution. Using power series expansions to solve the fractional TOV equations yields a limited physical range to the convergent power series solution. Therefore, the two techniques of Euler-Abel transformation and Pade approximation have been combined to improve the convergence of the obtained series solutions. For all possible values of the relativistic parameters (σ), we calculated twenty fractional gas models for the polytropic indexes n=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2. Investigating the impacts of fractional and relativistic parameters on the models revealed fascinating phenomena; the two effects for n=0.5 are that the sphere's volume and mass decrease with increasing σand the fractional parameter (α). For n=1, the volume decreases when σ=0.1 and then increases when σ=0.2 and 0.3. The volume of the sphere reduces as both σand αincrease for n=1.5 and n=2. We calculated the maximum mass and the corresponding minimum radius of the white dwarfs modeled with polytropic index n=3 and several fractional and relativistic parameter values. We obtained a mass limit for the white dwarfs somewhat near the Chandrasekhar limit for the integer models with small relativistic parameters (α=1, σ=0.001). The situation is altered by lowering the fractional parameter; the mass limit increases to Mlimit=1.63348 M at α=0.95 and σ=0.001.
sj-pdf-1-mcr-10.1177_1077558720925296 - Supplemental material for Care Team Perspectives About an Inpatient Portal: Benefits and Challenges of Patients’ Portal Use During Hospitalization
Creators: name: McAlearney, Ann Scheck
name: Hefner, Jennifer L.
name: MacEwan, Sarah R.
name: Gaughan, Alice
name: DePuccio, Matthew
name: Walker, Daniel M.
name: C. Tory Hogan
name: Naleef Fareed
name: Sieck, Cynthia J.
name: Huerta, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-mcr-10.1177_1077558720925296 for Care Team Perspectives About an Inpatient Portal: Benefits and Challenges of Patients’ Portal Use During Hospitalization by Ann Scheck McAlearney, Jennifer L. Hefner, Sarah R. MacEwan, Alice Gaughan, Matthew DePuccio, Daniel M. Walker, C. Tory Hogan, Naleef Fareed, Cynthia J. Sieck and Timothy R. Huerta: the UEG guideline working group in Medical Care Research and Review
title: A brief flowering: A study of the modern Chinese magazine Literary Renaissance.
Creators: name: Till, Katalin
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: The modern Chinese magazine Literary Renaissance was published monthly in Shanghai between January 1946 and August 1949, edited by Zheng Zhenduo and Li Jianwu Its launch expressed widespread hopes for the revival of Chinese literature after the war and intentions of working towards that revival. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there was indeed a post-war Literary Renaissance reflected by the magazine. Since the editors perceived a parallel between the European Renaissance and the envisaged revival of Chinese literature, various interpretations of the connection are looked at before the magazine's own literary philosophy is traced through the published editorials, reviews and theoretical articles. Creative contributions are discussed according to genre, devoting a chapter each to poetry, short stories, novels and drama. In evaluating individual works, comparisons are sought with outstanding examples of literature from the previous decades, looking for changes and differences, and focusing on foreign or native influences. Where appropriate, the world outlook and allegiances of contributors are also looked into, trying to discover groupings and trends. In the broad spectrum of poems several instances are found that are comparable in quality to pre-war poetry. Among the short stories two significant types of narratives emerge that present reality in a more complex and experimental manner. Of the three serialized novels, two have turned out to rank among the best of modern Chinese novels. The playscripts, however, while giving a glimpse of the previous theatre boom, reflect the post-war decline of drama. Finally, the findings in the various genres are brought together and the basic question of the study is answered. Appendices include a chronology of selected events relevant to the period, reproductions of the evocative cover and content pages of the magazine, translations of two modernist short stories and biographies of significant contributors.
Supplementary Material 2 - Supplemental material for The Binary-Based Model (BBM) for Improved Human Factors Method Selection
Creators: name: Holman, Matt
name: Walker, Guy
name: Lansdown, Terry
name: Salmon, Paul
name: Read, Gemma
name: Stanton, Neville
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary Material 2, for The Binary-Based Model (BBM) for Improved Human Factors Method Selection by Matt Holman, Guy Walker, Terry Lansdown, Paul Salmon, Gemma Read and Neville Stanton in Human Factors: The Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
sj-pdf-2-pie-10.1177_0954408920934220 - Supplemental material for Dual solutions of magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and a linear temporal stability analysis
Creators: name: Golam Mortuja Sarkar
name: Sahoo, Bikash
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-pie-10.1177_0954408920934220 for Dual solutions of magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and a linear temporal stability analysis by Golam Mortuja Sarkar and Bikash Sahoo in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
sj-pdf-3-pie-10.1177_0954408920934220 - Supplemental material for Dual solutions of magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and a linear temporal stability analysis
Creators: name: Golam Mortuja Sarkar
name: Sahoo, Bikash
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-pie-10.1177_0954408920934220 for Dual solutions of magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and a linear temporal stability analysis by Golam Mortuja Sarkar and Bikash Sahoo in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
title: Auf dem Weg zu einer neuen Europäischen Luftqualitätsrichtlinie
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Luft
subject: Feinstaub
subject: NO2
subject: Ozon
subject: WHO
subject: Luftschadstoffe
subject: PM10
subject: PM2.5
subject: Luftqualität
subject: Grenzwerte
subject: Richtlinie
subject: Revision
subject: EU-Kommission
subject: Luft
subject: Gesundheit
subject: Verkehr

description: Die aktuell in Europa geltenden Luftqualitätsgrenzwerte sind teilweise mehr als 20 Jahre alt und entsprechen nicht den heutigen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen über die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen von Luftverschmutzung. Im Ergebnis eines umfangreichen Fitness Checks der aktuell geltenden Luftqualitätsrichtlinie hat die EU-Kommission am 26. Oktober 2022 ihren Vorschlag für eine Überarbeitung der Luftqualitätsrichtlinie vorgelegt, dem am 24. April 2024 durch das Europäische Parlament politisch zugestimmt wurde. Die Broschüre stellt die wichtigsten Neuerungen im Vergleich zu den derzeit gelten Luftqualitätsrichtlinien vor.
title: Sang Thong : A study in modes of composition with an English translation of the Rama II text.
Creators: name: Kuo, William
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1976

description: The subject of this study is the drama Sang Thong. Chapter I serves as a general introduction in which the aims of the study are presented and the large number of Sang Thong specimens are reduced to a corpus of seven representative texts. Chapter II compares and contrasts the narrative, poetic diction and conventional topics as they appear in each of these texts, and it is demonstrated that although there are narrative and poetic similarities, each specimen is in a different manuscript tradition. A method of analysis is then proposed by which the "mode of composition," or a characterization of the way in which a text is written, can be obtained. The method is evolved in Chapters III-V by comparing what is termed the "structure," "versification" and "reading" of the two members of the corpus whose modes of composition are most dissimilar. One of these texts is attributed to Rama II. It is then argued that certain quantitative and qualitative traits which are found to be possessed by the Rama II text reflect a "prepared" type of composition, while those possessed by the other text reflect an "improvised" type of composition. In Chapter VI, the modes of composition of the remaining Sang Thong specimens are identified and compared to those of the two example texts. Other dramatic works are also examined to determine if there are indications of a Rama II-type of dramatic composition and if there is any correlation between the age of a text and the traits which are said to reflect the ''improvised". In the final chapter of Volume I, it is argued that an association may exist between ''improvised" and ''prepared" texts and oral and literary types of composition respectively. General remarks are then made concerning Rama II's ''popular" drama. Volume I, Part 2 contains the material from which the modes of composition of the corpus texts are derived. In Volume II, a complete translation of the Sang Thong text ascribed to Rama II and his court poets is presented.
title: Tonal variation in Zambian Chinyanja varieties: An autosegmental analysis.
Creators: name: Miti, Lazarus Musazitame
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1988

description: The language varieties examined in this study are Zambian Chicewa, Chinsenga and Chingoni (abbreviated as Ce, Ns and Ng respectively throughout the thesis). The three varieties are here referred to collectively as Zambian Chinyanja. The question to be addressed is that of internal classification, to establish, how close or how different these varieties are. Particular emphasis is placed on their tonal relationships, which is a topic usually neglected in dialect studies. The model adopted for the study is that of Autosegmental Phonology originated in 1976 by Goldsmith and - with particular relevance for Bantu tonology - developed in Clements and Goldsmith (1984), a work which included contributions from a number of people working in this field. (For example: Hyman and Byarushengo, Kisseberth, Laughren, Massamba and Odden). It is found that Autosegmental Phonology has advantages over linear models of Phonology such as the traditional Generative Phonology generally so far adopted by dialectologists Such as Brown (1972), Newton (1972), and Van Vliet (1981). In contrast to linear models, Autosegmental Phonology treats tone separately from the segmental elements that bear it. This allows the model to handle tonal variation more adequately. Furthermore, the traditional models of Generative Phonology were found to be too abstract and unconstrained. In particular, in Generative Dialectology, underlying forms which were constructed tended to be so abstract that they were really historical forms having no direct justification from the contemporary systems, of the individual dialects. In this study, synchrony and diachrony are sharply distinguished in terms of the Alternation Condition (Kiparsky 1968). Although the thesis is mainly concerned with tonal variation, it includes a lexicostatistical analysis and an overview of the Phonology and Morphology of the varieties. On the basis of these preliminary analyses only, three varieties of Zambian Chinyanja would need to be recognized. Examination of tonal data, on the other hand, reveals that there are five varieties, viz; Ce1, Ce2, Ns1, Ng and Ns2. Moreover, it has been established that Ns1 and Ng are tonally identical although this is not the case when lexicostatistics are considered. The overview of the morphology is a necessary inclusion. Firstly, throughout the tonal analysis, there is substantial reference to Phonological and Morphological processes. Secondly, the description of the morphology includes accounts of Ns and Ng, which, in contrast to Ce, have not previously received any scholarly attention. It is concluded that it is significant In dialect studies of some languages to include tonal variation, for on the basis of vocabulary correspondences and other segmental information alone, the classification of language varieties or dialects may be overly simplistic.
title: The control of corruption in Singapore.
Creators: name: Mohan, Shunmugam Chandra
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1987

description: In contrast with most Asian and African nations, the Republic of Singapore has often been cited as a model state where bureaucratic corruption is minimal. What then is the secret of Singapore's success at corruption control? This dissertation examines the factors that help to explain the effective control of corruption in Singapore, the administrative and legal methods employed to combat corruption in the Republic and the efficacy and legitimacy of such controls. The study has been undertaken in four parts. Part I seeks to define the elusive concept of corruption, and to examine the problems of corruption in Asia and in the developing countries, and the various physical, political, social and economic factors that support Singapore's corruption control strategy. In Parts II and III, an attempt has been made to determine, analyse and evaluate the administrative and legal methods employed to combat corruption, especially in the public services. There is a detailed study of the scope and application of Singapore's anti-corruption laws and the workings of various law enforcement agencies involved in combating corruption. The dissertation concludes with a general discussion of the sufficiency of Singapore's solutions and the problems ahead in the battle against the canker of corruption in Singapore.
Supplemental Material, Campbell_Online_Appendix_2 - Toward a Better Understanding of the Reciprocal Relations Between Adolescent Psychological Need Experiences and Sleep
Creators: name: Campbell, Rachel
name: Vansteenkiste, Maarten
name: Soenens, Bart
name: Vandenkerckhove, Beatrijs
name: Mouratidis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Material, Campbell_Online_Appendix_2 for Toward a Better Understanding of the Reciprocal Relations Between Adolescent Psychological Need Experiences and Sleep by Rachel Campbell, Maarten Vansteenkiste, Bart Soenens, Beatrijs Vandenkerckhove and Athanasios Mouratidis in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Segnalazioni faunistiche di Geometridi e Nottuidi per l’Italia settentrionale e centrale (Lepidoptera)
Creators: name: Grillo, Nunzio
name: Parenzan, Paolo
name: Porcelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: NEW RECORDS OF GEOMETRIDAE AND NOCTUIDAE IN CENTRAL AND NORTHERN ITALY (LEPIDOPTERA)

Collection data on Geometridae and Noctuidae of central and northern Italy are reported. The most interesting ones regard Epirrhöe pupillata, was collected for the first time in Italy; Eupithecia extremata and Compsoptera argentaria where already collected in the Island but not in continental Italy; Rhodostrophia sicanaria and Leucochlaena seposita known before only for southern Italy and Sicily.

Key words: Macrolepidoptera, new reports, faunistic.

Sono riportati dati di cattura di Geometridi e Nottuidi relativi a regioni dell’Italia settentrionale e centrale. Di particolare interesse Epirrhöe pupillata, nuova per la fauna italiana; Eupithecia extremata e Compsoptera argentaria che erano note per le isole ma non per l’Italia continentale; Rhodostrophia sicanaria e Leucochlaena seposita note in precedenza solo per l’Italia meridionale e la Sicilia.
description: Entomologica, Vol 30 (1996)
Appunti di storia naturale su uno Ptilide partenogenetico: Ptinella mekura Kubota (Coleoptera)
Creators: name: De Marzo, Luigi
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: SOME REMARKS OF NATURAL HISTORY ON A PARTHENOGENETIC PTILIID,

PTINELLA MEKURA KUBOTA (COLEOPTERA)

Many tens of Ptinella mekura specimens were collected in a garden in Southern Italy, where they mainly occurred under man-made accumulations of grass and pine needles on coniferous humus; they sustained laboratory conditions very well and led to several generations in single vessels, throughout many weeks or months, and even for more than one year. Only wingless virgin females were collected in the field, and also the individuals born in laboratory were so.

Females possess a very large oviduct, where they mature a single large egg at a time. Eggs exhibit a predetermined ecclosion line and a characteristic frame to adhere at substratum. Egg development is 8-10 days long.

Fecundity was regarded as the number of eggs deposited by single females within 15 days after the installation of a rearing; it was evaluated by 4 series of rearings (6 rearings per series), respectively starting from 1, 2, 5 and 10 females collected in the field. 1 egg per day was recognized as the maximum value of fecundity.

The larval development is 15 days long and includes 2 instars. The number of the larval instars was evaluated on a statistic basis, by considering together the width of the head capsule and the length of the urogomphi in 25 specimens of larvae at random.

Larvae pupate after they have built a spherical chamber by soil particles. The pupal development is 5 days long. Freshly emerged adults are able to ovodeposit after 10 days.

Because literature does not report the presence of males in the collections from the whole world (Japan, Europe and USA), Ptinella mekura can be regarded as “obligatory and constantly parthenogenetic species”, according to the terminology of RETNAKARAN & PERCY (1985), in spite of the morphological constancy of its spermatheca.

Key words: Coleoptera, Ptiliidae, Ptinella mekura, rearing, parthenogenesis.

Numerose informazioni sul comportamento e sul ciclo vitale di Ptinella mekura Kubota sono state raccolte sfruttando le risorse di un giardino ricco di questa specie e installando numerosi allevamenti, di cui alcuni mantenuti per più di un anno.

Sono stati studiati gli organi interni, sono state ottenute le uova, è stato seguito lo sviluppo delle larve, è stata osservata la costruzione della cella pupale, è stata calcolata la fecondità massima delle singole femmine, è stata verificata per via diretta la capacità di riproduzione partenogenetica della specie.

Considerando i dati delle collezioni, Ptinella mekura viene giudicata quale specie completamente e costantemente partenogenetica.

Parole chiave: Coleoptera, Ptiliidae, Ptinella mekura, allevamento, partenogenesi.
description: Entomologica, Vol 30 (1996)
Infestazione di Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa 1838) (Rhynchota, Lygaeidae) su Kenaf in Basilicata
Creators: name: Porcelli, Francesco
name: Palmieri, F.A
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: OXYCARENUS HYALINIPENNIS (COSTA 1838) (RHYNCHOTA, LYGAEIDAE) ON KENAF IN BASILICATA

Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa 1838) (Rhynchota, Lygaeidae), the main pest of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), is found colonizing the crop as last instar larvae and adult individuals incoming from wild Malvaceae.

Cropping of others Malvaceae, i.e. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Okra (=Gombo or Hibiscus esculentus L.) near Kenaf must be avoided because of an inpredictable increase of population.

The chemical control may start during pre-blooming.

Key words: biology, Italy, Oxydemeton-methyl.

Gli autori riportano che gli adulti e le ninfe di Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa 1838) colonizzano il Kenaf e sono i primi responsabili dell’infestazione; ritengono che la distribuzione di insetticidi, utile nel caso di produzione di granella da seme, debba iniziare durante la fase fenologica di prefioritura.
description: Entomologica, Vol 30 (1996)
title: Persian lacquer painting in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Creators: name: Khalili, Nasser D.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1988

description: Lacquer, as a medium for artistic expression, was not readily chosen by Persian artists before the late Safavid period. It was during the Qajar period that delicately painted miniatures on various surfaces drew the attention of the European market to the talent of Persian artists. Although some well known scholars have devoted their time to document artefacts from this period, a systematic study of the techniques and stylistic developments has not yet been produced. The purpose of this thesis is to fill this gap. Qalamdans, mirror cases, book covers and enamels painted by both well known and less well known artists were selected and compared and, with the aid of comparative material, a chronology of stylistic development was established. Attention has been paid to the way artists related to the various surfaces to be decorated, their handling of figural representations, floral depictions and other naturalistic elements, and the influence of the Islamic heritage on the choice of subject matter. The qualitative treatment of large surfaces, such as canvas or walls, and small surfaces, such as qalamdans, book covers and mirror cases was strikingly different. While the figural representations which are depicted on small surfaces and based on foreign models are both delicate and dynamic, those based on live models, such as the ruler or patron or even battle scenes, appear to be stiff. The treatment of perspective is also notably different. It is virtually absent in large pictures, but invariably present on qalamdans and mirror cases. The European influence is discernable in most of the paintings, but each artist introduced his individual approach to the stylistic execution of the subject matter. Artists on the whole preferred to keep the technique of colour preparation to themselves or to hand down the knowledge to their students orally. Interviews were conducted with a number of Persian artists who were willing to provide information about some of the techniques practised by their predecessors, thereby enabling us to gain a valuable insight into the methods used by artists in the Qajar period. Last, but not least, the historical environment and patronage which undoubtedly influenced artists also received considerable attention.
Aggiunte alla monografia: Gli Afidi d’Italia
Creators: name: Roberti, Domenico
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: ADDENDA TO THE MONOGRAPH “GLI AFIDI D’ITALIA”

(ENTOMOLOGICA, VOL. XXV-XXVI, 1990/1991)

A list of aphid species, reported for the first time in Italy, was provided and it updates the pre- vious monographic study “Gli afidi d’Italia” (Entomologica, vol. XXV-XXVI). The present paper includes also some species omitted in the previous one and others interesting for their geograph- ical distribution.

The italian aphidofauna was composed of about 750 species until 1995.

Nel luglio del 1993, dopo inevitabili ritardi dovuti alla stampa del volume, vide la luce la mia monografia su “Gli Afidi d’Italia” che comprendeva le specie trattate e comunque riportate in opere e contributi vari pubblicati entro il dicembre 1991.
 Essendo stati pubblicati nei successivi anni i risultati di altre notevoli ricerche di carattere faunistico sugli afidi ho creduto utile compilare la presente nota contenente l’aggiunta di qualche specie omessa, di nuove entità segnala- te presenti in Italia e di altre notizie contenute in pubblicazioni comparse entro il 1995. Fino a tale anno l’afidofauna italiana comprendeva circa 750 specie.
description: Entomologica, Vol 30 (1996)
title: Letter to So-and-So from Wherever
Creators: name: Dockins, Michael
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Letter to So-and-So from Wherever is a collection of poems, perhaps even a “poem-cycle,” initially inspired by the epistolary poems of Richard Hugo. This dissertation is essentially the author’s second full-length poetry manuscript, and consists of more of a single “project” than the author’s first collection, which was published in 2007. These poems here are rooted in concrete imagery, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, and voice. The style is influenced in part by Beat Generation writers Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac, and to some extent Charles Bukowski.
title: The jar burial in South East Asia: An alternative hypothesis.
Creators: name: Dowling, Nancy Scott Hehm
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1987

description: There is no historical precedent for jar burials in Southeast Asia. The earliest Jar burials first appeared c.700 B.C. as part of a highly complex death cult in Palawan. Therefore, I assume that this burial form represents a cultural intrusion from elsewhere in Asia. Archaeologists contend that a cultural link exists between Southeast Asia and South China, yet my research indicates that there is no virtually no evidence for jar burials in South China. Rather North China exhibits a continuous jar burial tradition reserved almost exclusively for infants and children, and only in rare instances for adults. Furthermore these jar burials represent only a small percentage of total Neolithic burials which suggests that "jar burial deaths" were somehow different from other ones. Though an unusual burial form in North China, jar burials appeared suddenly in great numbers for both adults and children in south Korea-north Kyushu when large scale population movements from North China sought refuge farther east c.300 B.C. Why did the burial tradition change between North China and south Korea-north Kyushu? I contend that the burial traditions of North China required the inhabitants to perform jar burials once they moved away from their ancestral homeland. This explains both the sudden appearance and widespread practice of jar burials in both south Korea- north Kyushu and Palawan. From the Philippines the jar burial tradition spread elsewhere in Southeast Asia. An analysis of three Jar burial sites: Tabon, Sa-huynh and Kalanay indicates that these sites shared a similar funerary tradition while the individual sites exhibit regional specialization of ceramic forms and designs. Though Jar burials represent a short lived tradition in Vietnam, the burial form continued in the Philippines from where it spread north and south among the island cultures which remained outside major cultural changes in mainland Southeast Asia.
Osservazioni sulle preferenze alimentari di Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini) (Acari: Siteroptidae)
Creators: name: De Lillo, Enrico
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: OBSERVATIONS ON THE HOST PREFERENCES OF PEDICULASTER MESEMBRINAE (CANESTRINI) (ACARI: SITEROPTIDAE)

Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini) (Acari: Siteroptidae) has often been in commercial mushroom houses associated with Pleurotus eryngii (D.C. ex Fr.) Quél. Host preferences of this mite were verified in laboratory cultures. It was able to feed and develop on Trichoderma viride Pers., Cladobotryum dendroides (Bull.) Fr., Chrysonilia sitophila Shear et B. Dodge and Mycogone perniciosa (Magn.) Delacr., which are commonly fungus parasites on commercial mushrooms. It does not survive on P. eryngii and Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach.

Key words: Heterostigmata, red pepper mites, edible fungi, fungus mite inter-relationships, fungivorous mites, weed molds.

Sono state eseguite in laboratorio prove di allevamento di Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini) (Acari: Siteroptidae) su diversi substrati alimentari costituiti da funghi eduli coltivati e loro funghi parassiti. Queste prove hanno rilevato che l’acaro è in grado di alimentarsi e riprodursi su micelio di Cladobotryum dendroides (Bull.) Fr., Mycogone perniciosa (Magn.) Delacr., Chrysonilia sitophila Shear et B. Dodge e Trichoderma viride Pers., mentre non si alimenta e non si riproduce su micelio di Pleurotus eryngii (D.C. ex Fr.) Quél. e Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach.

Parole chiave: Heterostigmata, funghi mangerecci, relazioni acaro-fungo, acari micofagi, funghi infestanti.
description: Entomologica, Vol 31 (1997)
title: An autosegmental approach to phonological phenomena in Shilluk.
Creators: name: Gilley, Leoma G.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1988

description: Shilluk is a Western Nilotic language spoken in southern Sudan. Previous works on this language have failed to adequately capture the phonological and morphological systems of the language. An Autosegmental approach employed within a framework based upon the tenets of Lexical Phonology, allows the various aspects of Shilluk phonology to be separated in an insightful way. Thus, the vowel and consonant harmony systems, the tonal system, and the syllable structure may be dealt with independently. The thesis comprises six chapters: 1, Introduction, 2. Phonetics and Phonology, 3. The Representation of Lexical Items, 4. Syllable Structure, 5. Lexical Levels of Derivation, and 6. Summary. Chapter 2 provides a relatively 'autonomous' account of the consonants, vowels (including length), and tone. Chapter 3 presents evidence for the claim that it is necessary to set up independent underlying representations for the stems of singular and plural nouns, as well as for Transitive verb forms. Issues covered in this chapter are tone and the harmony systems - vowel harmony, vowel and consonant harmony, and consonant harmony. Chapter Four completes the argument for independent representations with a discussion of syllable structure. This chapter shows how syllable structure constraints may be invoked to account for surface vowel length alternations. In turn, this chapter adds another argument for the claim that most lexical items require dual (independent) underlying representations. The material in this chapter demonstrates that processes motivated by syllable structure make it the most influential factor in Shilluk phonology. In Chapter 5, the discussion turns to the ordering of levels within the Lexicon. By combining all the tone and syllable structure rules, it is possible to establish the presence of three levels within the Lexicon. A summary of all the rules developed in the thesis are given in the sixth chapter along with comments on the implications of this study with regard to language acquisition. Some suggestions are also made for further study.
title: Philosophy as a Practice of Freedom in Ancient India and Ancient Greece.
Creators: name: Wharton, Katherine Louise
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2023

description: Education in ancient India begins with a ritual initiation (Upanayana) in which the student is reborn from the womb of the teacher. This image reflects the method of transmission of revelatory knowledge. The student memorises sacred verses by replicating his teacher's recitation. This thesis contrasts this image of replication with the image of midwifery that Socrates uses to describe his educational method. Socrates claims to be barren of wisdom. He does not pass down any knowledge but instead watches over the birth of his student's ideas. Both the ancient Indian and the Socratic systems of education claim to free the student but they both affirm completely different forms of freedom. Socrates frees the student to think for themselves, but the ancient Indian method frees the student by means of inherited revelation. This thesis compares philosophical practices of freedom which rest on commitment to tradition with those that rest on the rejection of tradition. Chapter One examines the way that the student is committed to the ritual tradition in the Brahmanical Upanayana. Chapters Two and Three discuss the relationship between the student and the ritual tradition in the Upanisads. Chapter Four analyses Socrates relationship with democratic culture. Chapter Five interprets the midwife metaphor in detail and compares the Socratic method of education to the Brahmanical and Upanisadic methods. This thesis contrasts philosophical practices of freedom that are founded on a value of trust or faith (sraddha) in tradition with those that are founded on a value of testing or examination (elenchus). It aims to challenge the Socratic principle of limitless questioning and defend the philosophical value of predetermination, non-agency and perfect obedience.
Rilievi sulla presenza e diffusione del nematode Sphaerularia bombi Dufour, 1837 (Nematoda, Tylenchida, Allantonematidae) in Italia meridionale
Creators: name: Triggiani, Oreste
name: Tarasco, Eustachio
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: THE PRESENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SPHAERULARIA BOMBI DUFOUR, 1837 (NEMATODA, TYLENCHIDA, ALLANTONEMATIDAE) IN SOUTHERN ITALY

Populations of different species of Bombus and of Psithyrus vestalis Geoffr. were studied in six- teen biotopes over a period of seven years.

A stable association of Bombus and Psithyrus queens with the nematode Sphaerularia bombi Dufour were pointed out in ten biotopes where the humidity of the soil was constant in: under- brush of pinewoods and oak woods, cultivated and irrigated lands and in the uncultivated ones near the watering pipes.

S. bombi was also found, for the first time, in some workers of B. terrestris L. and Pyrobombus sicheli Rad. besides in the queens.

B. terrestris was the most common and abundant species in all the biotopes; it was parasitized by the nematode during spring time and successively in autumn in the biotopes which were above sea level from 0 to 431 m, since the Bombus does not overwinter at this altitude but fre- quently spends most of the hot months in the soil. While on the other hand, S. bombi completes one generation a year in the biotopes over 400 m above sea level where the B. terrestris and the other species of Bombus are present only in spring and at the beginning of Summer.

Key words: Bombus terrestris L., Megabombus pascuorum Scop., Pyrobombus sicheli Rad., Psithyrus vestalis Geoffr., parassitization, Apidae workers, Apidae queens.

La Sphaerularia bombi Dufour, parassita delle regine di Bombus e Psithyrus spp., è stata rinvenuta occasionalmente, per la prima volta, anche in alcune operaie di Bombus terrestris L. e Pyrobombus sicheli Rad.

Il nematode è risultato frequente nella stazioni caratterizzate da una costante umidità del terreno come il sottobosco di pinete e querceti, campi coltivati e incolti in prossimità di canali di irrigazione predisposti dall’Ente di bonifica, colture agricole irrigue.

Il B. terrestris è stata la specie più frequente e abbondante in tutti i biotopi considerati; in quelli fino a circa 400 m s.l.m. ove è stato rinvenuto per tutto l’anno, con l’eccezione dei mesi estivi più caldi, la S. bombi lo ha parassitizzato sia in primavera che alla sua ricomparsa in autunno. Invece, nei biotopi più elevati ove la la presenza del B. terrestris è circoscritta ai mesi primaverili  inizio estate e anche per le altre specie di Apidi assenti in autunno-inverno la S. bombi ha svolto una sola generazione all’anno.

Parole chiave: Bombus terrestris L., Megabombus pascuorum Scop., Pyrobombus sicheli Rad., Psithyrus vestalis Geoffr., parassitizzazione, Apidae, operaie, regine.
description: Entomologica, Vol 31 (1997)