cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large and moderate deviations for record numbers in some non-nearest neighbor random walks
Creators: name: Li, Yuqiang
name: Yao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60G50

description: The deviation principles of record numbers in random walk models have not been completely investigated, especially for the non-nearest neighbor cases. In this paper, we derive the asymptotic probabilities of large and moderate deviations for the number of "weak records"(or "ladder points") in two kinds of one-dimensional non-nearest neighbor random walks. The proofs depend only on the direct analysis of random walks. We illustrate that the traditional method of analyzing the local time of Brownian motions, which is often adopted for the simple random walks, would lead to wrong conjectures for our cases.
description: 17 Pages
Intrinsic regularization effect in Bayesian nonlinear regression scaled by observed data
Creators: name: Tokuda, Satoru
name: Nagata, Kenji
name: Okada, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Occam's razor is a guiding principle that models should be simple enough to describe observed data. While Bayesian model selection (BMS) embodies it by the intrinsic regularization effect (IRE), how observed data scale the IRE has not been fully understood. In the nonlinear regression with conditionally independent observations, we show that the IRE is scaled by observations' fineness, defined by the amount and quality of observed data. We introduce an observable that quantifies the IRE, referred to as the Bayes specific heat, inspired by the correspondence between statistical inference and statistical physics. We derive its scaling relation to observations' fineness. We demonstrate that the optimal model chosen by the BMS changes at critical values of observations' fineness, accompanying the IRE's variation. The changes are from choosing a coarse-grained model to a fine-grained one as observations' fineness increases. Our findings expand an understanding of BMS's typicality when observed data are insufficient.
BoostTree and BoostForest for Ensemble Learning
Creators: name: Zhao, Changming
name: Wu, Dongrui
name: Huang, Jian
name: Yuan, Ye
name: Zhang, Hai-Tao
name: Peng, Ruimin
name: Shi, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bootstrap aggregating (Bagging) and boosting are two popular ensemble learning approaches, which combine multiple base learners to generate a composite model for more accurate and more reliable performance. They have been widely used in biology, engineering, healthcare, etc. This paper proposes BoostForest, which is an ensemble learning approach using BoostTree as base learners and can be used for both classification and regression. BoostTree constructs a tree model by gradient boosting. It increases the randomness (diversity) by drawing the cut-points randomly at node splitting. BoostForest further increases the randomness by bootstrapping the training data in constructing different BoostTrees. BoostForest generally outperformed four classical ensemble learning approaches (Random Forest, Extra-Trees, XGBoost and LightGBM) on 35 classification and regression datasets. Remarkably, BoostForest tunes its parameters by simply sampling them randomly from a parameter pool, which can be easily specified, and its ensemble learning framework can also be used to combine many other base learners.
A Digital Twin Framework for Field Data and Distributed Systems
Creators: name: Gooran Orimi, Atefeh
name: Hamlaoui, Rayen
name: Backe, Christian
name: Görner, Hendrik
name: Glück, Tobias
name: Sundermeier, Max Caspar
name: Dai, Zhuoqun
name: Briken, Veit
name: Lachmayer, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digital Twin, Field data and distributed systems

description: Despite the considerable benefits of Digital Twins (DTs) in industry and engineering, existing DTs are primarily domain-dependent and cannot be directly generalized to more complex scenarios. This is particularly evident when the physical system corresponds to a field-dependent entity within distributed systems, which hinders a straightforward implementation of DTs by researchers. In this presentation, we discuss the fundamental concepts of a DT framework and ask how DTs can be employed for distributed systems and field-related entities. We introduce a generalized DT framework designed to encompass distributed systems across both physical and virtual spaces, with a particular emphasis on facilitating communication between these domains. Subsequently, we define the necessary components and elaborate on their specific characteristics. The functionality of these DT components in the context of digital master and digital shadows are further investigated. Furthermore, we explore a case study implemented in the GOLO archetype of the NFDI4Ing consortium. This case study involves three distinct physical entities: a vehicle equipped with the necessary tools and sensors, the public road and traffic environment, and the driver. We investigate each of these entities and show how the examined DT framework can be effectively applied.
description: The authors would like to thank the Federal Government and the Heads of Government of the Länder, as well as the Joint Science Conference (GWK), for their funding and support within the framework of the NFDI4Ing consortium. Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) - project number 442146713.
title: Essential Fish Habitat Source Document: Bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, Life History and Habitat Characteristics
Creators: name: Fahay, Michael P.
name: Berrien, Peter L.
name: Johnson, Donna L.
name: Morse, Wallace W.
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Northeast Region Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 1999

description: NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS NE ; 144
On Absolutely Continuous Invariant Measures and Krieger-Type of Markov Subshifts
Creators: name: Avraham-Re'em, Nachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A20, 37A40, 60J10

description: It is shown that for a non-singular conservative shift on a topologically mixing Markov subshift with Doeblin Condition the only possible absolutely continuous shift-invariant measure is a Markov measure. Moreover, if it is not equivalent to a homogeneous Markov measure then the shift is of Krieger-type $\mathrm{III}_1$. A criterion for equivalence of Markov measures is included.
description: Incorporating referee's remark and notations as in the published version in Journal d'Analyse Math\'ematique
Alopex Kaup 1829
Creators: name: W. Christopher Wozencraft
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Alopex

description: Alopex Kaup, 1829. Skizz. Entwickel. Gesch. Nat. Syst. Europ. Theirwelt, 1:85. TYPE SPECIES: Canis lagopus Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956a; Melville and Smith, 1987). COMMENTS: Bobrinskii et al. (1965) considered Alopex a subgenus of Vulpes; Van Gelder (1978) considered it a subgenus of Canis.
description: Published as part of W. Christopher Wozencraft, 1993, Order Carnivora, pp. 279-348 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 279, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7359191
description: {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp.", "International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1956 a. Opinion 384. Addition to the official list of generic names in zoology of the names of fifty-two genera of the Order Carnivora (Class Mammalia) including twenty-nine from which have been reported parasites common to man. Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 12 (5): 71 - 190.", "Melville, R. V., and J. D. D. Smith (eds.). 1987. Official lists and indexes of names and works in zoology. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 366 pp.", "Bobrinskii, N. A., B. A. Kuznetsov, and A. P. Kuzyakin. 1965. Opredelitl' mlekopitayushchikh SSSR [Guide to the mammals of the U. S. S. R.] Second ed. Proveshchenie, Moscow, 382 pp. (in Russian).", "Van Gelder, R. G. 1978. A review of canid classification. American Museum Novitates, 2646: 1 - 10."]}
Some symmetry group aspects of perfect plane plasticity system
Creators: name: Senashov, Sergey I.
name: Yakhno, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, all the known classical solutions of plane perfect plasticity system under Saint Venant -- Tresca -- von Mises yield criterion are associated with some group of point symmetries. The equations of slip-line families for all solutions are constructed, which permits to determine explicitly boundaries of plastic areas. It is shown, how one can determine the compatible velocity solution for known stresses, considering symmetries. Some invariant solutions of velocities for Prandtl stresses are constructed. The mechanical sense of obtained velocity fields is discussed.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Towards an invariant geometry of double field theory
Creators: name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a geometrical framework for double field theory in which generalized Riemann and torsion tensors are defined without reference to a particular basis. This invariant geometry provides a unifying framework for the frame-like and metric-like formulations developed before. We discuss the relation to generalized geometry and give an `index-free' proof of the algebraic Bianchi identity. Finally, we analyze to what extent the generalized Riemann tensor encodes the curvatures of Riemannian geometry. We show that it contains the conventional Ricci tensor and scalar curvature but not the full Riemann tensor, suggesting the possibility of a further extension of this framework.
description: 44 pages, v2: refs. improved, minor corrections, to appear in J. Math. Phys
Domain Knowledge Alleviates Adversarial Attacks in Multi-Label Classifiers
Creators: name: Melacci, Stefano
name: Ciravegna, Gabriele
name: Sotgiu, Angelo
name: Demontis, Ambra
name: Biggio, Battista
name: Gori, Marco
name: Roli, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial attacks on machine learning-based classifiers, along with defense mechanisms, have been widely studied in the context of single-label classification problems. In this paper, we shift the attention to multi-label classification, where the availability of domain knowledge on the relationships among the considered classes may offer a natural way to spot incoherent predictions, i.e., predictions associated to adversarial examples lying outside of the training data distribution. We explore this intuition in a framework in which first-order logic knowledge is converted into constraints and injected into a semi-supervised learning problem. Within this setting, the constrained classifier learns to fulfill the domain knowledge over the marginal distribution, and can naturally reject samples with incoherent predictions. Even though our method does not exploit any knowledge of attacks during training, our experimental analysis surprisingly unveils that domain-knowledge constraints can help detect adversarial examples effectively, especially if such constraints are not known to the attacker.
description: Accepted for publications in IEEE TPAMI journal
title: The DIP delineation handbook: a guide to using multiple lines of evidence to delineate demographically independent populations of marine mammals
Creators: name: Martien, Karen K.
name: Lang, Aimee R.
name: Taylor, Barbara L.
name: Rosel, Patricia E.
name: Simmons, Samantha E.
name: Oleson, Erin M.
name: Boveng, Peter L.
name: Hanson, M. Bradley
Publisher: name: Southwest Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2019

description: NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS SWFSC ; 622
title:  L’accoglienza domestica dei migranti ai tempi del Covid-19
Creators: name: Turco, Benedetta
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: La pandemia Covid-19 ha comportato conseguenze e trasformazioni prefigurando scenari inediti sul piano economico, sociale e personale, determinando anche nel campo della ricerca l’urgenza di esplorarne le ricadute. Il volume dà quindi conto delle indagini svolte e in corso, sin dai primi giorni del lockdown, dai docenti e dai collaboratori del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell’Università Roma Tre, toccando i temi più diversi: dalla didattica a distanza, all’università e nei diversi ordini di scuola, al futuro dei servizi di orientamento, dal lavoro socio-educativo nelle varie tipologie di servizi all’impatto della pandemia sulle comunità, dalle narrazioni ai linguaggi artistici a contrasto di quest’emergenza non solo sanitaria. Si sono così esplorate le diverse educazioni possibili, riassegnando centralità ai processi formativi e al benessere delle persone, provando a tratteggiare nuovi paradigmi e prospettive.
description: La pandemia da Coronavirus pervade il mondo inserendosi nei diversi ambiti della realtà umana: economica, politica, tradizionale e in ogni forma della quotidianità. Lo scenario mediatico spegne i riflettori sulle problematiche globali per concentrare tutte le attenzioni sul virus, sul numero di contagi e di morti, e sulle regole di comportamento restrittive che porta con sé. Tutto sembra fermo, inerte, eppure anche se lontano dal nostro sguardo qualcosa o qualcuno continua il proprio percorso. Alcuni migranti, ad esempio, giunti in Italia, e dopo un periodo nei centri di accoglienza, sono inseriti in progetti di accoglienza domestica. Qui, tra l’incontro-scontro quotidiano di due realtà e culture differenti, si amplificano le incertezze, i dubbi, le complessità e le problematiche lavorative ed economiche, incrementa il senso di isolamento, la paura di perdere i traguardi raggiunti e le difficoltà di mettere in atto un percorso di autonomia.
description: La Ricerca dipartimentale ai tempi del COVID-19
title: L’eredità del moderno / The modernist burden: Prospettive per il recupero dell’edilizia residenziale pubblica. Progettare Quartaccio / Future perspectives for the renewal of the public housing heritage. Designing Quartaccio
Creators: name: Cangelli, Eliana
name: Conteduca, Michele
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2023

description: Il volume affronta il tema della rigenerazione dei grandi quartieri di Edilizia Economica e Popolare realizzati negli anni ‘70-’90 nei sobborghi delle maggiori città europee, e propone un disciplinare tecnico per il recupero del piano di Zona Quartaccio in Roma, che accompagna il progettista nell’approfondimento di soluzioni sociali, tecnologiche e ambientali che contribuiscano a definire un nuovo modello di abitare e l’immagine di una periferia finalmente integrata e complementare alla città.

This volume addresses the issue of the regeneration of large affordable housing districts built in the 1970s and 1990s in the suburbs of major European cities and proposes a technical specification for the renewal of the Quartaccio Zone Plan in Rome. This tool aims to accompany designers in the deepening of social, technological and environmental solutions that help define a new model of Housing and the image of a suburb that finally integrates and complements the city.
An analytic model for redshift-space distortions
Creators: name: Wang, Lile
name: Reid, Beth
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the formation and evolution of large-scale structure is a central problem in cosmology and enables precise tests of General Relativity on cosmological scales and constraints on dark energy. An essential ingredient is an accurate description of the pairwise velocities of biased tracers of the matter field. In this paper we compute the first and second moments of the pairwise velocity distribution by extending the Convolution Lagrangian Perturbation theory (CLPT) formalism of Carlson et al. (2012). Our predictions outperform standard perturbation theory calculations in many cases when compared to statistics measured in N-body simulations. We combine the CLPT predictions of real-space clustering and velocity statistics in the Gaussian streaming model of Reid & White (2011) to obtain predictions for the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions accurate to 2 and 4 per cent respectively down to <25Mpc/h for halos hosting the massive galaxies observed by SDSS-III BOSS. We also discuss contours of the 2D correlation function and clustering "wedges". We generalize the scheme to cross-correlation functions.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. Minor modifications to match version accepted by MNRAS
Digital Petri Laboratory
How Fab Labs and Interaction Design Can Support Microbiology in Raising Awareness About Antimicrobial Resistance - Fab24 Conference Presentation
Creators: name: Subet, Matteo
name: Terenghi, Ginevra
name: Corti, Cristina Margarida
name: Cangiano, Serena
Publisher: name: University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Interaction Design
subject: FabLab
subject: Fabrication Laboratories
subject: Antibiotic resistance
subject: Drug resistance
subject: Multidrug resistance
subject: Antimicrobial Resistance

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health challenge primarily caused by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Raising awareness and promoting responsible antibiotic consumption using innovative methods is needed to combat this issue.

The Digital Petri Laboratory (DiPLab) project addresses this need by integrating Fab Labs and interaction design practices to create an open-source, hands-on learning tool for high school students. DiPLab offers a simulated microbiology laboratory experience where students can perform virtual tests to observe bacterial reactions to antibiotics. This interactive experience combines digital and physical elements, enabling students to understand bacterial behaviour and antibiotic responses without the risks associated with real laboratory environments.

DiPLab has proven effective in enhancing student engagement and comprehension of AMR through iterative design and user testing. The project demonstrates the potential of multidisciplinary collaboration in creating tools that raise awareness and make complex scientific topics accessible and engaging.

Future developments will focus on refining the device and expanding its application in educational and community awareness settings, underscoring the importance of innovative and experiential learning in addressing AMR.
Reverse Quantum Speed Limit: How Slow Quantum Battery can Discharge?
Creators: name: Mohan, Brij
name: Pati, Arun Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the notion of reverse quantum speed limit for arbitrary quantum evolution which answers a fundamental question: ``how slow a quantum system can evolve in time?" Using the geometrical approach to quantum mechanics, the reverse speed limit follows from the fact that the gauge invariant length of the reference section is always greater than the Fubini-Study distance on the projective Hilbert space of the quantum system. We illustrate the reverse speed limit for two-level quantum systems with an external driving Hamiltonian and show that our results hold well. We find several examples where our bound is tight. We also find one practical application of the reverse speed limit in discharging process of quantum batteries which answers the question: ``how slow quantum batteries can discharge?" Our result provides a lower bound on the average discharging power of quantum batteries.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev.A (2021)
Gauge-Symmetry Protection Using Single-Body Terms
Creators: name: Halimeh, Jad C.
name: Lang, Haifeng
name: Mildenberger, Julius
name: Jiang, Zhang
name: Hauke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-simulator hardware promises new insights into problems from particle and nuclear physics. A major challenge is to reproduce gauge invariance, as violations of this quintessential property of lattice gauge theories can have dramatic consequences, e.g., the generation of a photon mass in quantum electrodynamics. Here, we introduce an experimentally friendly method to protect gauge invariance in $\mathrm{U}(1)$ lattice gauge theories against coherent errors in a controllable way. Our method employs only single-body energy-penalty terms, thus enabling practical implementations. As we derive analytically, some sets of penalty coefficients render undesired gauge sectors inaccessible by unitary dynamics for exponentially long times, and, for few-body error terms, with resources independent of system size. These findings constitute an exponential improvement over previously known results from energy-gap protection or perturbative treatments. In our method, the gauge-invariant subspace is protected by an emergent global symmetry, meaning it can be immediately applied to other symmetries. In our numerical benchmarks for continuous-time and digital quantum simulations, gauge protection holds for all calculated evolution times (up to $t>10^{10}/J$ for continuous time, with $J$ the relevant energy scale). Crucially, our gauge-protection technique is simpler to realize than the associated ideal gauge theory, and can thus be readily implemented in current ultracold-atom analog simulators as well as digital noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, journal article
Estimating the properties of hard X-ray solar flares by constraining model parameters
Creators: name: Ireland, Jack
name: Tolbert, Anne K.
name: Schwartz, Richard A.
name: Holman, Gordon D.
name: Dennis, Brian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare four different methods of calculating uncertainty estimates in fitting parameterized models to RHESSI X-ray spectra, considering only statistical sources of error. Three of the four methods are based on estimating the scale-size of the minimum in a hypersurface formed by the weighted sum of the squares of the differences between the model fit and the data as a function of the fit parameters, and are implemented as commonly practiced. The fourth method uses Bayesian data analysis and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to calculate an uncertainty estimate. Two flare spectra are modeled: one from the GOES X1.3 class flare of 19 January 2005, and the other from the X4.8 flare of 23 July 2002. The four methods give approximately the same uncertainty estimates for the 19 January 2005 spectral fit parameters, but lead to very different uncertainty estimates for the 23 July 2002 spectral fit. This is because each method implements different analyses of the hypersurface, yielding method-dependent results that differ greatly depending on the shape of the hypersurface. For the 23 July 2002 flare data, there is a 95% probability that the low energy cutoff lies below approximately 40 keV, and a 68% probability that it lies in the range 7-36 keV. The low-energy cutoff for the 19 January 2005 flare is more tightly constrained to 107+/-4 keV (68% probability). Using the Bayesian/MCMC approach, we also estimate for the first time probability density functions (PDFs) for the total number of flare accelerated electrons and the energy they carry. For the 23 July 2002 event, these PDFs are asymmetric with long tails orders of magnitude higher than the most probable value, caused by the poorly constrained value of the low-energy cutoff. For the 19 January 2005 flare spectrum, the PDFs for the total number of flare accelerated electrons and their energy are much more symmetric and narrow.
Effective Static Approximation: A Fast and Reliable Tool for Warm Dense Matter Theory
Creators: name: Dornheim, Tobias
name: Cangi, Attila
name: Ramakrishna, Kushal
name: Böhme, Maximilian
name: Tanaka, Shigenori
name: Vorberger, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an \emph{Effective Static Approximation} (ESA) to the local field correction (LFC) of the electron gas that enables highly accurate calculations of electronic properties like the dynamic structure factor $S(q,ω)$, the static structure factor $S(q)$, and the interaction energy $v$. The ESA combines the recent neural-net representation [\textit{J. Chem. Phys.} \textbf{151}, 194104 (2019)] of the temperature dependent LFC in the exact static limit with a consistent large wave-number limit obtained from Quantum Monte-Carlo data of the on-top pair distribution function $g(0)$. It is suited for a straightforward integration into existing codes. We demonstrate the importance of the LFC for practical applications by re-evaluating the results of the recent {X-ray Thomson scattering experiment on aluminum} by Sperling \textit{et al.}~[\textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{115}, 115001 (2015)]. We find that an accurate incorporation of electronic correlations {in terms of the ESA} leads to a different prediction of the inelastic scattering spectrum than obtained from state-of-the-art models like the Mermin approach or linear-response time-dependent density functional theory. Furthermore, the ESA scheme is particularly relevant for the development of advanced exchange-correlation functionals in density functional theory.
Supplementary document for Single-shot quantitative phase contrast imaging based on deep learning - 6396552.pdf
Creators: name: Lin, YU-CHUN
name: Luo, Yuan
name: CHEN, Ying-Ju
name: Chen, HUEI-WEN
name: Young, Tai-Horng
name: Huang, Hsuan-Ming
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Figures. S1-S3
title: Isabel Amaral
titleType: Subtitle
title: Especialista em Protocolo
Creators: name: Barardo, Maria do Rosário
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA
Year: 2019

description: Isabel Amaral: Especialista em Protocolo. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. 2019, n.41, pp.167-173. ISSN 0874-6885
description: Biografia de Isabel Amaral, especialista em Protocolo reconhecida internacionalmente
Higgs boson production in association with a jet at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Boughezal, Radja
name: Caola, Fabrizio
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Petriello, Frank
name: Schulze, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a calculation of the cross-section for Higgs boson production in gluon fusion in association with a hadronic jet at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD. The computational technique is discussed in detail. We show explicitly how to employ known soft and collinear limits of scattering amplitudes to construct subtraction terms for NNLO computations. Cancellation of singularities is demonstrated numerically for the collinearly-subtracted $gg \to H + j $ cross-section through NNLO and the finite $σ_{gg \to Hj}$ cross-section is computed through ${\cal O}(α_s^5)$ as a function of the center-of-mass collision energy. We present numerical results for the gluon-fusion contribution to Higgs production in association with a jet at the LHC. The NNLO QCD corrections significantly reduce the residual scale dependence of the cross-section. The computational method that we describe in this paper is applicable to the calculation of NNLO QCD corrections to any other $ 2 \to 2$ process at a hadron collider
description: 48 pages, 5 figures
Evaluation of acute and chronic ophthalmic pain
Creators: name: Foote, Amber
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Pain management of veterinary patients is an important role for Registered Veterinary Nurses (RVN); pain has been described as the fourth vital sign and knowledge of the nociceptive mechanisms involved in pain has advanced significantly. Ophthalmic pain is often overlooked by both veterinary professionals and pet owners; the demonstration of ocular pain is species and patient specific and can often be difficult to assess. This article uses two cases studies to discuss pain management options for both acute and chronic ophthalmic pain in canine and feline patients.
Twin-field quantum key distribution with fully discrete phase randomization
Creators: name: Currás-Lorenzo, Guillermo
name: Wooltorton, Lewis
name: Razavi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) can overcome fundamental secret-key-rate bounds on point-to-point QKD links, allowing us to reach longer distances than ever before. Since its introduction, several TF-QKD variants have been proposed, and some of them have already been implemented experimentally. Most of them assume that the users can emit weak coherent pulses with a continuous random phase. In practice, this assumption is often not satisfied, which could open up security loopholes in their implementations. To close this loophole, we propose and prove the security of a TF-QKD variant that relies exclusively on discrete phase randomisation. Remarkably, our results show that it can also provide higher secret-key rates than counterpart protocols that rely on continuous phase randomisation.
title: Lucinda Costa Fernandes: De Moçambique a Setúbal, por Ana Ribeiro da Silva
Creators: name: Costa Fernandes, Lucinda
name: Ribeiro da Silva, Ana
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA
Year: 2019

description: Entrevista a Lucinda Costa Fernandes: De Moçambique a Setúbal. Parte II. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. 2019, n.41, pp.152-158. ISSN 0874-6885
description: Resumo: Entrevista a Lucinda Costa Fernandes, antropóloga goesa fala sobre o seu trabalho e sobre a vida das Mulheres.
Zero-dimensional models for gravitational and scalar QED decoherence
Creators: name: Xu, Qidong
name: Blencowe, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of two quantum mechanical oscillator system-bath toy models obtained by truncating to zero spatial dimensions linearized gravity coupled to a massive scalar field and scalar QED. The scalar-gravity toy model maps onto the phase damped oscillator, while the scalar QED toy model approximately maps onto an oscillator system subject to two-photon damping. The toy models provide potentially useful insights into solving for open system quantum dynamics relevant to the full scalar QED and weak gravitational field systems, in particular operational probes of the decoherence for initial scalar field system superposition states.
Isomorphs, hidden scale invariance, and quasiuniversality
Creators: name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper first establishes an approximate scaling property of the potential-energy function of a classical liquid with good isomorphs (a Roskilde-simple liquid). This "pseudohomogeneous" property makes explicit that - and in which sense - such a system has a hidden scale invariance. The second part gives a potential-energy formulation of the quasiuniversality of monatomic Roskilde-simple liquids, which was recently rationalized in terms of the existence of a quasiuniversal single-parameter family of reduced-coordinate constant-potential-energy hypersurfaces [J. C. Dyre, Phys. Rev. E 87, 022106 (2013)]. The new formulation involves a quasiuniversal reduced-coordinate potential-energy function. A few consequences of this are discussed.
title: Entrevista a Elvira Fortunato: Vice-Reitora da Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Parte II
Creators: name: Fortunato, Elvira
name: Ribeiro, Fernando
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA
Year: 2019

description: Entrevista a  Elvira Fortunato: Vice-Reitora da Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Parte II. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. 2019, n.41, pp.146-150. ISSN 0874-6885
description: Entrevista a Elvira Fortunato, Professora Catedrática e Vice-reitora da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, com enfoque no seu percurso profissional e de vida.
Existence and uniqueness for a coupled parabolic-elliptic model with applications to magnetic relaxation
Creators: name: McCormick, David S.
name: Robinson, James C.
name: Rodrigo, Jose L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove existence, uniqueness and regularity of weak solutions of a coupled parabolic-elliptic model in two dimensions; we consider the standard equations of magnetohydrodynamics with the advective terms removed from the velocity equation. Despite the apparent simplicity of the model, the proof requires results that are at the limit of what is available, including elliptic regularity in $L^{1}$ and a strengthened form of the Ladyzhenskaya inequality \[ \| f \|_{L^{4}} \leq c \| f \|_{L^{2,\infty}}^{1/2} \| \nabla f \|_{L^{2}}^{1/2}, \] which we derive using the theory of interpolation. The model has applications to the method of magnetic relaxation, introduced by Moffatt (J. Fluid. Mech. 159, 359-378, 1985), to construct stationary Euler flows with non-trivial topology.
title:  Ap-prendere un concetto distante. Per un profilo storico educativo della relazione tra apprendimento e movimento
Creators: name: di Biasio, Simone
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: La pandemia Covid-19 ha comportato conseguenze e trasformazioni prefigurando scenari inediti sul piano economico, sociale e personale, determinando anche nel campo della ricerca l’urgenza di esplorarne le ricadute. Il volume dà quindi conto delle indagini svolte e in corso, sin dai primi giorni del lockdown, dai docenti e dai collaboratori del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell’Università Roma Tre, toccando i temi più diversi: dalla didattica a distanza, all’università e nei diversi ordini di scuola, al futuro dei servizi di orientamento, dal lavoro socio-educativo nelle varie tipologie di servizi all’impatto della pandemia sulle comunità, dalle narrazioni ai linguaggi artistici a contrasto di quest’emergenza non solo sanitaria. Si sono così esplorate le diverse educazioni possibili, riassegnando centralità ai processi formativi e al benessere delle persone, provando a tratteggiare nuovi paradigmi e prospettive.
description: Da Socrate a Dewey, l’apprendimento (“ap-prensione”) è intellettualmente e storicamente legato a realtà e spostamento, ed anche attualmente le possibilità offerte dal virtuale, intese soprattutto all’interno delle logiche educative, esistono in quanto scelta di aumento della realtà, non sua diminuzione. L’articolo ripercorre alcune tappe del pensiero pedagogico in cui la questione del movimento è al centro insieme a quella dell’educazione, aprendo la storia dell’educazione all’opera di Marshall McLuhan e prendendo spunto da alcune delle pratiche didattiche dell’attuale momento storico di sospensione spazio-temporale in cui si è imposto il concetto dell’apprendimento “a distanza”.
description: La Ricerca dipartimentale ai tempi del COVID-19
Masses and Residues of the Triply Heavy Spin-1/2 Baryons
Creators: name: Aliev, T. M.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Savci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the masses and residues of the triply heavy spin--1/2 baryons using the most general form of their interpolating currents within the QCD sum rules method. We compare the obtained results with the existing theoretical predictions in the literature.
description: 9 Pages and 3 Tables
Virtual Classes of Representation Varieties of Upper Triangular Matrices via Topological Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Hablicsek, Márton
name: Vogel, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D23, 14D21, 14C30, 14D20, 14D07, 57R56

description: In this paper, we use a geometric technique developed by González-Prieto, Logares, Muñoz, and Newstead to study the $G$-representation variety of surface groups $\mathfrak{X}_G(Σ_g)$ of arbitrary genus for $G$ being the group of upper triangular matrices of fixed rank. Explicitly, we compute the virtual classes in the Grothendieck ring of varieties of the $G$-representation variety and the moduli space of $G$-representations of surface groups for $G$ being the group of complex upper triangular matrices of rank $2$, $3$, and $4$ via constructing a topological quantum field theory. Furthermore, we show that in the case of upper triangular matrices the character map from the moduli space of $G$-representations to the $G$-character variety is not an isomorphism.
title: Regina Mateus
Creators: name: L. Duarte, Cristina
name: Évora Nunes, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA
Year: 2019

description: Regina Mateus. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher. 2019, n.41, pp.162-166. ISSN 0874-6885
description: Biografia de Regina Mateus, médica e da primeira mulher com a patente de brigadeiro-general em Portugal
Ultrasensitive nano-optomechanical force sensor at dilution temperatures
Creators: name: Fogliano, Francesco
name: Besga, Benjamin
name: Reigue, Antoine
name: de Lépinay, Laure Mercier
name: Heringlake, Philip
name: Gouriou, Clement
name: Eyraud, Eric
name: Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang
name: Pigeau, Benjamin
name: Arcizet, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooling down nanomechanical force probes is a generic strategy to enhance their sensitivities through the concomitant reduction of their thermal noise and mechanical damping rates. However, heat conduction mechanisms become less efficient at low temperatures, which renders difficult to ensure and verify their proper thermalization. To operate with minimally perturbing measurements, we implement optomechanical readout techniques operating in the photon counting regime to probe the dynamics of suspended silicon carbide nanowires in a dilution refrigerator. Readout of their vibrations is realized with sub-picowatt optical powers, in a regime where less than one photon is collected per oscillation period. We demonstrate their thermalization down to $32\pm2$ mK and report on record sensitivities for scanning probe force sensors, at the $40\,\rm zN/Hz^{1/2}$ level, with a sensitivity to lateral force field gradients in the fN/m range. This work opens the road toward nanomechanical vectorial imaging of faint forces at dilution temperatures, at minimal excitation levels.
A state-averaged orbital-optimized hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for a democratic description of ground and excited states
Creators: name: Yalouz, Saad
name: Senjean, Bruno
name: Günther, Jakob
name: Buda, Francesco
name: O'Brien, Thomas E.
name: Visscher, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, solving the electronic structure problem from chemistry is considered as the "killer application" for near-term quantum devices. In spite of the success of variational hybrid quantum/classical algorithms in providing accurate energy profiles for small molecules, careful considerations are still required for the description of complicated features of potential energy surfaces. Because the current quantum resources are very limited, it is common to focus on a restricted part of the Hilbert space (determined by the set of active orbitals). While physically motivated, this approximation can severely impact the description of these complicated features. A perfect example is that of conical intersections (i.e. a singular point of degeneracy between electronic states), which are of primary importance to understand many prominent reactions. Designing active spaces so that the improved accuracy from a quantum computer is not rendered useless is key to finding useful applications of these promising devices within the field of chemistry. To answer this issue, we introduce a NISQ-friendly method called "State-Averaged Orbital-Optimized Variational Quantum Eigensolver" (SA-OO-VQE) which combines two algorithms: (1) a state-averaged orbital-optimizer, and (2) a state-averaged VQE. To demonstrate the success of the method, we classically simulate it on a minimal Schiff base model (namely the formaldimine molecule CH2NH) relevant also for the photoisomerization in rhodopsin -- a crucial step in the process of vision mediated by the presence of a conical intersection. We show that merging both algorithms fulfil the necessary condition to describe the molecule's conical intersection, i.e. the ability to treat degenerate (or quasi-degenerate) states on the same footing.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Towards molecular simulations that are transparent, reproducible, usable by others, and extensible (TRUE)
Creators: name: Thompson, Matthew W.
name: Gilmer, Justin B.
name: Matsumoto, Ray A.
name: Quach, Co D.
name: Shamaprasad, Parashara
name: Yang, Alexander H.
name: Iacovella, Christopher R.
name: McCabe, Clare
name: Cummings, Peter T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Systems composed of soft matter (e.g. liquids, polymers, foams, gels, colloids, and most biological materials) are ubiquitous in science and engineering, but molecular simulations of such systems pose particular computational challenges, requiring time and/or ensemble-averaged data to be collected over long simulation trajectories for property evaluation. Performing a molecular simulation of a soft matter system involves multiple steps, which have traditionally been performed by researchers in a ‘bespoke’ fashion, resulting in many published soft matter simulations not being reproducible based on the information provided in the publications. To address the issue of reproducibility and to provide tools for computational screening, we have been developing the open-source Molecular Simulation and Design Framework (MoSDeF) software suite. In this paper, we propose a set of principles to create Transparent, Reproducible, Usable by others, and Extensible (TRUE) molecular simulations. MoSDeF facilitates the publication and dissemination of TRUE simulations by automating many of the critical steps in molecular simulation, thus enhancing their reproducibilitya. We provide several examples of TRUE molecular simulations: All of the steps involved in creating, running and extracting properties from the simulations are distributed on open-source platforms (within MoSDeF and on GitHub), thus meeting the definition of TRUE simulations.
The AdS/CFT relation, quasi-normal modes and applications
Creators: name: Abdalla, E.
name: Pellicer, C. E.
name: de Oliveira, Jeferson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a fast review of some of developments and new results concerning applications of gravity in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, in brane world perturbations as well as in holographic superconductors. We also discuss the structure of the phase transitions in a more general set up defined by the quasi-normal oscillations in the bulk, which signalize a very complex structure of the phase transition at the border.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, Prepared for "7th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics", Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 16-20 Apr 2012
Proof of Laugwitz Conjecture and Landsberg Unicorn Conjecture for Minkowski norms with $SO(k)\times SO(n-k)$-symmetry
Creators: name: Xu, Ming
name: Matveev, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20, 53C21, 53C30, 53B40

description: For a smooth strongly convex Minkowski norm $F:\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}_{\geq0}$, we study isometries of the Hessian metric corresponding to the function $E=\tfrac12F^2$. Under the additional assumption that $F$ is invariant with respect to the standard action of $SO(k)\times SO(n-k)$, we prove a conjecture of Laugwitz stated in 1965. Further, we describe all isometries between such Hessian metrics, and prove Landsberg Unicorn Conjecture for Finsler manifolds of dimension $n\ge 3$ such that at every point the corresponding Minkowski norm has a linear $SO(k)\times SO(n-k)$-symmetry
description: A small flaw in the proof of Theorem 1.2, more precisely in the proof of Lemma 2.4 for dimension 3, was corrected