cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Arimoclomol : First Approval
Creators: name: Keam, Susan J.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine

description:  
Declarations
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Susan J. Keam is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to this article and are responsible for its content.
Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract
Arimoclomol (MIPLYFFA™), an oral small molecule that crosses the blood brain barrier and is thought to upregulate CLEAR (Coordinated Lysosomal Expression and Regulation) network genes and improve lysosomal function, is being developed by Zevra Therapeutics Inc., for the treatment of neurological manifestations of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). In September 2024, arimoclomol was approved for use in combination with miglustat for the treatment of neurological manifestations of NPC in adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older in the USA. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of arimoclomol leading to this first approval for use in combination with miglustat for the treatment of neurological manifestations of NPC in adult and pediatric patients aged ≥ 2 years. 
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025
Panicum capillare L.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Panicum
Panicum capillare

description: Panicum capillare L.
Haarästige Hirse
Art ISFS: 290290 Checklist: 1032360 Poaceae Panicum Panicum capillare aggr. Panicum capillare L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Ährchen 2-3mal so lang wie breit (2-2,5 mm lang und 0,8- 1 mm breit), alle Ährchen 5-20 mm lang gestielt, mehr als 20° vom Rispenast abstehend.
Blütezeit (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 8-10
Verbreitung global (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Ursprünglich amerikanisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte (nach Landolt & al. 2010) 2n=18
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
8.2.3.3 - Kalkarmer, trockener Hackfruchtacker (Panico-Setarion)
fett Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes mitprägt Charakterart Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Panicum capillareL.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Haarästige Hirse, Haarästige Rispenhirse Nom français: Millet capillaire Nome italiano: Panico capillare
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Panicum capillare L.Checklist 2017290290=Panicum capillare L.Flora Helvetica 20182981
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Kommentare aus der Checklist 2017 Neues Konzept: die Art ist gegenüber SISF-2 enger gefasst, da mindestens ein Taxon davon abgetrennt wurde. Viele der einst als P. capillare angesprochenen Gräser sind vermutlich der inzwischen weit verbreiteten P. barbipulvinatum oder der selteneren P. hillmanii zuzuordnen. Checklist
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
KLАSTЕR TUSHUNСHАSI VА UNI TА`LIM SОHАSIDА QO`LLASH
Creators: name: Kаrshiboyеvа Shoirа Sindаrkulovnа, TKTI Yаngiyеr filiаli  "Umumiy fаnlаr vа jismoniy tаrbiyа" kаfеdrаsi o`qituvchisi
name: Turdibekov Sherzod Zokirbek o`g`li, TKTI Yаngiyеr filiаli, Menejment  yo`nаlishi tаlаbаsi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu  maqolada  klаstеr  tushunсhаsi  vа  uni  tа`lim  sоhаsidа qo`llash  to`g`risida  tadqiqot  olib  borilgan.  Umuman  аytgаndа,  klaster  tizimi  muhim tоifаlаridаn  biri  bо‘lib,  ta`lim  sohasini  rivоjlаntirishning  umumiy  mаqsаdigа  еrishish bilаn bеvоsitа bоg‘liq dеgаn xulоsаgа kеlishimiz mumkin ekan.
Marstacimab: First Approval
Creators: name: Lamb, Yvette N
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Yvette N. Lamb is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract 
Marstacimab (marstacimab-hncq; HYMPAVZI™) is a subcutaneously administered human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody against tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) that is being developed by Pfizer for the treatment of hemophilia A and B. Marstacimab received its first approval on 11 October 2024 in the USA. It was approved for use as routine prophylaxis to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with hemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors or hemophilia B without factor IX inhibitors. Marstacimab has since been approved on 18 Nov in the EU for the treatment of adults and adolescents with severe hemophilia A or B without inhibitors. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of marstacimab leading to this first approval for hemophilia.  
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Explaining County Government Fiscal Transparency in an Age of e-Government
Creators: name: Bernick, E. Lee
name: Birds, Jonathan M.
name: Brekken, Katheryne
name: Gourrier, Al G.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: e-Government
budgets
county government
transparency

description: This research seeks to explain the fiscal transparency practices of individual U.S. counties by
examining the extent of information shared with constituents via county government Web sites.
This study evaluates a random sample of 400 U.S. counties, where 19 percent of those represented
have populations of 100,000 or more residents, matching the same ratio of counties with populations
of 100,000 or more residents nationally. We create a four-level categorical dependent variable
measuring fiscal transparency and use a generalized ordered logit analysis with eight independent
variables to explain the extent of fiscal transparency among the sample.
Panicum hillmanii Chase
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Panicum
Panicum hillmanii

description: Panicum hillmanii Chase
Hillmans Hirse
Art ISFS: 290450 Checklist: 1032380 Poaceae Panicum Panicum capillare aggr. Panicum hillmanii Chase
Bestimmungsschlüssel
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Wie P. capillare, aber Deckspelzen zur Fruchtreife dunkelbraun (bei P. capillare hellbraun), Abbruchstelle der Frucht beiderseits mit rotbraunem, über 0,3 mm langem, sichelförmigem Wulst (bei P. capillare ohne solchen Wulst).
Verbreitung global (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Nordamerikanisch
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Panicum hillmaniiChase
Volksname Deutscher Name: Hillmans Hirse Nom français: Millet de Hillman Nome italiano: Panico di Hillman
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Panicum hillmanii ChaseChecklist 2017290450
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Kommentare aus der Checklist 2017 Neues Taxon: Gegenüber SISF-2 neu aufgenommener Neophyt. Dieser ebenfalls aus Nordamerika stammende Neophyt ist sehr nahe mit P. capillare L. verwandt und evtl. nur als Unterart derselben zu betrachten. Checklist
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
A Historical Survey of the Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Party (EPRP)
Creators: name: Sendeke A
name: Nibret A
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: This article attempts to provide a short and brief overview of the history of the Ethiopian Peoples’ Revolutionary Party, abbreviated and commonly named EPRP. The emphasis of the paper is to understand the history of EPRP from its conception to its final disintegration. Thus, the paper investigated the foundation and advancement of EPRP and its political as well as ideological relationship with Derg and other political organizations, including the All Ethiopian Socialist Movement (AESM) and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF). Likewise, the collapse of its struggle and its legacies in the political culture of Ethiopia are highlighted.
PHIRI: Contributing for the deployment of the European Health Information Portal in time of COVID-19
Creators: name: Peyroteo, Mariana
name: Paulo, Marília Silva
name: Lapão, Luís Velez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID-19
Capacity Building
Health Information
Information Portal
Population Health

description: This poster was presented at the 2nd Annual Summit of the Comprehensive Health Research Center in Évora, Portugal. Abstract Objective: The European Public Health Information Portal (PHIRI - Horizon 2020) aims at setting-up a research infrastructure to facilitate and generate the best available evidence for research on population health and well-being of populations as impacted by COVID-19. The Portal is a one-stop-shop, where Health Information (HI) Capacity Building is one of the services provided, to promote health information research and tackle HI inequalities between the Member States. The CHRC Team’s work aims at contributing to the development of a catalogue of services on population health capacity building in health information and COVID-19.
 Methods: Through a desk research and literature review, the activities were collected by three stages: 1) the search for the main HI institutions & organizations; 2) the activities shared by these sources on their official websites and 3) the detailed collection of information on each activity (description and technical information).
 Results: A website on HI capacity building was developed and the materials and courses found European materials and address different languages. They also focus on courses and materials about population health and non-pharmaceutical approaches to managing the COVID-19 pandemic - e.g., vaccination, lockdown plans, data analysis, etc. A European School on Health Information (ESHI) was established.
 Conclusions: The activities developed reached some recommendations on the sustainability for the HI in Europe. The roadmap for sustainability on HI Capacity Building mainly addresses the identified HI needs across Europe, from which the ESHI has emerged.
The Efficacy of Activity Based Accounting Techniques for Targeted Case Management in Outpatient Settings: A Case Study in Predicting Financial Risk to a Nonprofit Community Health Service Provider Prompted by Public Policy Change
Creators: name: Gammon, Elizabeth
name: P. Anne, Cotton
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community Health Services
Financial Management
Activity Based Costing
Nonprofit Organizations
Resource Coordination Staffing
Targeted Case Management
Costing
Workload

description: This study illustrates how activity based costing (ABC) techniques facilitate the forecast of the financial impact of proposed policy changes. This study was designed to predict the impact of a new reimbursement model on a nonprofit community health service provider in Maryland where a public policy change transitioned nonprofit service reimbursement from capitation to targeted case management. We used ABC accounting techniques to create a workload model using self-report time study data, caseload analysis, and an analysis of the available work hours to project staffing needs. We developed a list of 69 activity codes used by 246 case managers to record 143,326 time entries on work they performed for 11,633 unique clients. Analysis reveals that the proposed reimbursement policy would result in an annual deficit of $8,468,825, therefore posing an unacceptable financial risk for this agency. Identifying such financial risks can help organizations proactively address the financial viability in an era of innovative payment methodologies.
WITH THE HELP OF EDUCATIONAL TOOLS IN COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS TEACHING CHEMISTRY
Creators: name: Jumamuratov, Renat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Currently, in the introduction of modern educational standards, attention is paid to the educational methodology based on combined methods of the educational program. This article provides information about the advantages of using computer technologies in the methodology of teaching chemistry. Through this methodology, the teacher will be able to use it to expand the students' chemical knowledge and to better explain the essence of chemistry to the students. The opinions and comments of experienced pedagogues about the modern methodology of teaching chemistry are presented. In the teaching of chemistry in schools, it is appropriate to use computer educational technologies to further strengthen students' knowledge of the essence of chemistry and the subjects of chemistry.
Analysis of microlayer defects of a functionally graded titanium alloy by electrical discharge machining
Creators: name: Abdulkareem, Sulaiman
name: Ahsan Ali Khan
name: Konneh, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Defects
Electrode
Input parameters
Microlayer
Subzero temperature

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 17-22
Concrete columns with discrete confinement by metal sheets subjected to uniaxial compression: derivation toward design rule
Creators: name: Maetee Boonpichetvong
name: Tanyada Pannachet
name: Siraphon Pinitkarnwatkul
name: Askes, Harm
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Concrete
Metal sheet
Axial compression
Finite element analysis
Confinement

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 56-64
Determination of inventory replenishment policy with the open vehicle routing concept in a multi-depot and multi-retailer distribution system
Creators: name: Anchalee Supithak
name: Wisut Supithak
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Inventory open vehicle routing problem
Multi-Retailer
Multi-Depot distribution system
Ant colony optimization

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 23-31
Using embryo models to understand the development and progression of embryonic lineages: a focus on primordial germ cell development
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Polo, Ignacio
name: Moris, Naomi
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Background: Recapitulating mammalian cell type differentiation in vitro promises to improve our understanding of how these processes happen in vivo, while bringing additional prospects for biomedical applications. The establishment of stem cell-derived embryo models and embryonic organoids, which have experienced explosive growth over the last few years, open new avenues for research due to their scale, reproducibility, and accessibility. Embryo models mimic various developmental stages, exhibit different degrees of complexity, and can be established across species. Since embryo models exhibit multiple lineages organised spatially and temporally, they are likely to provide cellular niches that, to some degree, recapitulate the embryonic setting and enable “co-development” between cell types and neighbouring populations. One example where this is already apparent is in the case of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs).

Summary: While directed differentiation protocols enable the efficient generation of high PGCLC numbers, embryo models provide an attractive alternative as they enable the study of interactions of PGCLCs with neighbouring cells, alongside the regulatory molecular and biophysical mechanisms of PGC competency. Additionally, some embryo models can recapitulate post-specification stages of PGC development (including migration or gametogenesis), mimicking the inductive signals pushing PGCLCs to mature and differentiate, and enabling the study of PGCLC development across stages. Therefore, in vitro models may allow us to address questions of cell type differentiation, and PGC development specifically, that have hitherto been out of reach with existing systems.

Key Message: This review evaluates the current advances in stem cell-based embryo models, with a focus on their potential to model cell type-specific differentiation in general, and in particular to address open questions in PGC development and gametogenesis.
Development of teaching electrical technology integrating PBL and CBL and supporting STEM education
Creators: name: Supachai Prainetr
name: Kowit Yotmongkol
name: Natchanun Prainetr
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Development teaching
Project based learning
Community based learning
Science technology engineering mathematics

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 65-69
Double exponential smoothing and Holt-Winters methods with optimal initial values and weighting factors for forecasting lime, Thai chili and lemongrass prices in Thailand
Creators: name: Thitima Booranawong
name: Apidet Booranawong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Forecasting
Double exponential smoothing
Holt-Winters
Lime
Thai chili
Lemongrass

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 32-38
The pattern of reporting and presenting validity evidence of extended matching questions (EMQs) in health professions education: a systematic review
Creators: name: Taha, Mohamed H.
name: Eldeen Elsadig Gasmalla Mohammed, Hosam
name: Abdalla, Mohamed
name: Yusoff, Muhamad Saiful Bahri
name: Mohd Napiah, Mohd Kamal
name: M.  Wadi, Majed
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Extended matching Questions (EMQs), or R-type questions, are format of selected-response. The validity evidence for this format is crucial, but there have been reports of misunderstandings about validity. It is unclear what kinds of evidence should be presented and how to present them to support their educational impact. This review explores the pattern and quality of reporting the sources of validity evidence of EMQs in health professions education, encompassing content, response process, internal structure, relationship to other variables, and consequences. A systematic search in the electronic databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and ERIC was conducted to extract studies that utilize EMQs. The framework for a unitary concept of validity was applied to extract data. A total of 218 titles were initially selected, the final number of titles was 19. The most reported pieces of evidence were the reliability coefficient, followed by the relationship to another variable. Additionally, the adopted definition of validity is mostly the old tripartite concept. This study found that reporting and presenting validity evidence appeared to be deficient. The available evidence can hardly provide a strong validity argument that supports the educational impact of EMQs. This review calls for more work on developing a tool to measure the reporting and presenting validity evidence.
Impacts of urban transit system development on modal shift and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction: A Khon Kaen, Thailand case study
Creators: name: Long, Sina
name: Pongrid Klungboonkrong
name: Prinya Chindaprasirt
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Greenhouse gas (GHG)
CO2 emission
Bottom-Up 2 approach
Mass transit system

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 8-16
Performance and emissions characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine from compressing producer gas in a dual fuel mode
Creators: name: Ekkachai Sutheerasak
name: Worachest Pirompugd
name: Surachai Sanitjai
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Compressing producer gas
Diesel engine
Performance
Emissions

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 47-55
Panicum repens L.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Panicum
Panicum repens

description: Panicum repens L.
Art ISFS: 290620 Checklist: 1032400 Poaceae Panicum Panicum repens L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Panicum repensL.
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Panicum repens L.Checklist 2017290620
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Kommentare aus der Checklist 2017 Neues Taxon: Gegenüber SISF-2 neu aufgenommener Neophyt. Ein aus den Subtropen und dem Mittelmeergebiet stammender, seltener Neophyt. Checklist
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Responses to reviews of  "Performance evaluation of adaptive introgression classification methods" v1 manuscript
Creators: name: Romieu, Jules
name: Camarata, Ghislain
name: Crochet, Pierre-André
name: de Navascués, Miguel
name: Leblois, Raphaël
name: Rousset, François
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Adaptive Introgression
Admixture
Power
False Positive Rate
Podarcis
Ursus

description: Responses to reviews of  ‘Performance evaluation of adaptive introgression classification methods’ v1 manuscript (Romieu et al., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.12.598278). Questions and comments are in black and answers in red.
Implementing a dual-touch 4-wire analog resistive touchscreen via regression analysis
Creators: name: Apiwat Boonkong
name: Daranee Hormdee
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dual-touch
4-Wire resistive touchscreen
Analog resistive touchscreen
Regression analysis

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 39-46
Selection of an optimal neural network architecture for maintenance workforce size prediction using grey relational analysis
Creators: name: Ighravwe, Desmond Eseoghene
name: Sunday Ayoola Oke
name: Kazeem Adekunle Adebiyi
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Maintenance workforce size
Artificial neural network
Grey relational analysis
Fuzzy inference system

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 1-7
Stormwater runoff quality in Malabe, Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Adeesha Fernando
name: Upaka Rathnayake
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Contaminants
Impervious layer
Malabe
Stormwater runoff
Urbanization

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45, 1, 70-73
Pennisetum alopecuroides Spreng.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Pennisetum
Pennisetum alopecuroides

description: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.
Lampenputzergras
Art ISFS: 295530 Checklist: 1032950 Poaceae Pennisetum Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Pennisetum alopecuroides(L.) Spreng.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Lampenputzergras Nom français: Herbe aux écouvillions
Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.Checklist 2017295530
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Kommentare aus der Checklist 2017 Neues Taxon: Gegenüber SISF-2 neu aufgenommener Neophyt. Als Ziergras verwendet und aus Kultur verwildert. Stammt aus Ostasien und Australien. Checklist
Status Indigenat: Kultivierter Neophyt: nach dem Jahr 1500 in der Schweiz aufgetreten
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
title: This is how we bury our dead: an institutional analysis of microinsurance and financial inclusion in South Africa
Creators: name: Paek, Christopher
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: H Social Sciences
subject: HC Economic History and Conditions

description: South African insurance companies have made substantial in-roads into the low-income segments of the insurance market. The strength of microinsurance—insurance products designed specifically for low-income individuals—has been fueled almost exclusively by the sale of funeral insurance products, an unsurprising trend considering the immense cultural value that many South Africans place on funerals. Insurance companies have managed to achieve scale by tapping into community-based infrastructures, which serve as low-cost distribution channels for these products. The incursion of “insurance culture” into this space has thus resulted in a market ecosystem in which formal and informal institutions are in fluid states of tension and cooperation. Building on institutional theory and adopting ethnography as its primary methodological approach, this thesis examines the institutional dynamics underpinning South African microinsurance markets. Based on fieldwork I conducted from June 2015-April 2016 (based primarily in Cape Town and the neighboring township of Khayelitsha), my thesis will highlight the ways in which formal and informal institutions interact to produce regulatory outcomes that enable and/or constrain individual actors. While these institutional structures shape individual decision-making with regard to risk management, I also consider the ways in which individuals exercise agency to navigate shifting institutional landscapes and effect change in underlying structures. Thus, this thesis contributes to the debates on microinsurance, as well as on financial inclusion more broadly, reframing them within this complex interplay between institutions and actors.
Pennisetum setaceum Chiov.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Pennisetum
Pennisetum setaceum

description: Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
Afrikanisches Lampenputzergras
Art ISFS: 295560 Checklist: 1032975 Poaceae Pennisetum Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Pennisetum setaceum(Forssk.) Chiov.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Afrikanisches Lampenputzergras Nom français: Herbe aux écouvillions d'Afrique Nome italiano: penniseto allungato
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): NeinArt der "Liste der invasiven gebietsfremden Arten, die in der Schweiz nicht vorkommen"
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Phalaris arundinacea var. arundinacea L. var. arundinacea
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Phalaris
Phalaris arundinacea
Phalaris arundinacea l. var. arundinacea

description: Phalaris arundinacea L. var. arundinacea
Varietät ISFS: Checklist: 1033240 Poaceae Phalaris Phalaris arundinacea L. Phalaris arundinacea L. var. arundinacea
Bestimmungsschlüssel
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Phalaris arundinaceaL. var.arundinacea
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Status Indigenat: -
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Quantifying Consumer Welfare Impacts of Higher Meat Prices During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Hahn, William
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Hahn, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: COVID-19
subject: coronavirus
subject: pandemic
subject: meat demand
subject: scanner data
subject: compensating variation
subject: food system resiliency
subject: U.S. Department of Agriculture
subject: USDA
subject: Economic Research Service
subject: ERS

description: While the U.S. food system has been largely able to maintain operations and provide consumers with the variety of foods they desire since the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic began, U.S. households have been facing sharply higher food prices for many staple items, especially meat. In this study, U.S. households’ meat purchases at retail stores for at-home consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic are examined and compared with those before the virus outbreak. A demand model is estimated using data collected during 2019 and 2020 on households’ purchases of beef, pork, poultry, and other meats (mainly lamb and mutton) at retail stores. Results show that households spent more on meat for at-home consumption during 2020. This increase in expenditures reflects both higher retail food prices—which other research attributes to pandemic-related supply chain problems—and higher quantities purchased that offset reductions in meat consumption at restaurants and other foodservice facilities. Although U.S. households maintained their overall level of meat consumption during 2020, higher prices for meat at retail food stores still reduced their welfare. Those losses were higher during the spring and summer of 2020 and peaked in June 2020, with U.S. households’ monthly welfare down by $24.51 per household during that month due to higher prices for meats in general. Higher prices for beef, pork, and poultry accounted for $8.30, $7.07, and $8.18, respectively, of that total. In December 2020, households’ monthly welfare loss was $6.19 per household with higher prices for beef, pork, and poultry accounting for $2.44, $1.54, and $1.89, respectively.
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta L.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Phalaris
Phalaris arundinacea
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta l.

description: Phalaris arundinacea var. picta L.
Varietät ISFS: Checklist: 1033250 Poaceae Phalaris Phalaris arundinacea L. Phalaris arundinacea var. picta L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Phalaris arundinaceavar.pictaL.
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Phalaris arundinacea var. picta L.SISF/ISFS 2298000
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: -
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
title: Local government taxation and accountability in Mexico
Creators: name: Pöschl, Caroline
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: J Political Science
subject: JL Political institutions (America except United States)

description: The taxation-accountability theory broadly states that if governments are dependent on taxation, they will become less corrupt and more accountable to citizens. The need to raise tax revenue is said to spark incentives that lead to mutually beneficial bargaining between government and citizens. Citizens agree to make tax payments in return for more accountable governance and increased influence in government decision-making. Several scholars have shown empirical evidence in support of this taxationaccountability theory at the national level, yet few have studied it at the local government level.
 This paper explores this theory in the context of Mexican municipal governments using a mixed methods research approach. It first surveys the relationship between taxation and accountability using econometric analysis and then employs a comparative case study of six urban municipalities that are under considerable pressure to raise their tax revenue. The latter is based on several months of field research conducted in the states of Guerrero, Tabasco, Baja California Sur, Aguascalientes, Yucatán and Coahuila. It reveals the processes that evolve from revenue pressure, whether they lead to tax bargaining, and the extent to which greater accountability can be expected as a result.
 The findings provide some evidence of tax bargaining and positive correlations between the importance of taxation in a government’s budget and accountability. However, the causal link to greater accountability is not straightforward and is greatly hindered by the institutional framework surrounding local government. While implicit agreements between government and citizens showed that equilibrium between taxation and
 accountability was consistently maintained, restrictions on local power and other institutional factors stood in the way of increased local taxation sparking greater local accountability. These factors may be remedied by reform.
Phleum alpinum
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Phleum
Phleum alpinum

description: Phleum alpinum aggr.
Alpen-Lieschgras
Art ISFS: 298900 Checklist: 1033330 Poaceae Phleum Phleum alpinum aggr. Enthält: Phleum alpinum L. Phleum rhaeticum (Humphries) Rauschert
Bestimmungsschlüssel
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Stängel 10-50 cm hoch, am Grund nicht knotig verdickt. Blätter bis 5 mm breit, nur am Rand rau. Blatthäutchen ca. 1 mm lang, gestutzt. Oberste Blattscheide meist aufgeblasen. Blütenstand wie bei Ph. pratense (bei Umbiegen nicht lappig), aber nur 1-4(-6) cm lang, meist violett überlaufen.
Blütezeit (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 7-8
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Fettwiesen, Weiden, Lägerstellen / (montan-)subalpin-alpin /
Status
Status IUCN: Nicht gefährdet
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Phleum alpinumaggr.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Alpen-Lieschgras Nom français: Phléole des Alpes Nome italiano: Codolina alpina
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Phleum alpinum aggr.Checklist 2017298900=Phleum alpinum aggr.Flora Helvetica 20182959-2960=Phleum alpinum aggr.SISF/ISFS 2298900
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: Indigen
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
Status Rote Liste national 2016
Status IUCN: Nicht gefährdet
Zusätzliche InformationenKriterien IUCN: --
Status Rote Liste regional 2019
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCNJura (JU)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Mittelland (MP)--Alpennordflanke (NA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Alpensüdflanke (SA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Östliche Zentralalpen (EA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)
Status nationale Priorität /Verantwortung
Keine nationale Priorität oder internationale Verantwortung
Schutzstatus
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Phleum arenarium L.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Phleum
Phleum arenarium

description: Phleum arenarium L.
Art ISFS: 299200 Checklist: 1033350 Poaceae Phleum Phleum arenarium L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Phleum arenariumL.
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Phleum arenarium L.Checklist 2017299200=Phleum arenarium L.Index synonymique 1996299200=Phleum arenarium L.Landolt 1977221=Phleum arenarium L.SISF/ISFS 2299200
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Kommentare aus der Checklist 2017 Vom Rhonetal aufwärts bis ins Gebiet dringend. Im Rheintal kaum südlicher als Karlsruhe vorkommend. Checklist
Status Indigenat: -
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Cso:  The Catalogue Of Italian
Off-Shore Seismicity
Creators: name: Anselmi, Mario
name: De Gori, Pasquale
name: Buttinelli, Mauro
name: Chiarabba, Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: C.S.O., Offshore Seismicity, Offshore plants safety, better earthquakes locations

description: Off-shore seismicity in Italy is, except for a few areas, located outside of the monitoring networks. This mislocation between networks and hypocentral locations causes a coupling in resolving the inverse problem of the earthquakes location with an enough quality. To reduce these bad effects, a further work it was necessary using more complex location techniques and appropriate tuning of the parameters of the location code. In this presentation we show the preliminary results of the draft catalogue containing earthquakes between 2005 and 2015.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSMUTED LOMAX GAMMA DISTRIBUTION AND APPLICATION
Creators: name: Dr. Abubakar M.A, M.A
name: Dufaylu Umar, Musa
name: Dr. Bilkisu, Maijama'a
name: Dr. N. O., Nweze
Publisher: name: ZAP Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Development of Transmuted Lomax Gamma distribution, hazard function, survival function, moment generating function, quantile function, order statistics, rani and entropy.

description: New families of continuous probability distributions have been introduced; the so-called Development of Transmuted Lomax Gamma Distribution application and its properties were proposed and studied. Various structural properties, including explicit expressions for the moments, quantile functions, order statistics, survival functions, hazard functions, and estimations of new distributions were derived. The performances of the maximum -likelihood estimates of the parameters of the Transmuted Lomax Gamma family were evaluated through a simulation study. After applying the new distribution to real data, we compared its performance to that of other competing distributions and found that the Transmuted Lomax Gamma distribution performed better when using BIC, AIC, and CAIC. Furthermore, we also concluded that the distribution can be used to model highly skewed data (skewed to the right).
Ο υπέρηχος διαφράγματος στην πρόβλεψη επιτυχούς αποσωλήνωσης πρόωρων νεογνών
Creators: name: Κούτρας, Ιωάννης Ζέρβα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Υπέρηχος διαφράγματος
Πρόωρα νεογνά
Αποσωλήνωση
Diaphragm ultrasound
Preterm neonate
Extubation

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η μελέτη της χρησιμότητας του υπερήχου διαφράγματος ως χρήσιμου διαγνωστικού εργαλείου στην πρόβλεψη της επιτυχημένης αποσωλήνωσης πρόωρων νεογνών. Περιγράφουμε την εμβρυολογία, την ανατομία και την φυσιολογία του διαφράγματος, ενός μυός που η λειτουργία του είναι ασταμάτητη και ζωτική για τη διατήρηση της ζωής. Εξηγούμε την τεχνική του διαφραγματικού υπέρηχου με την απεικόνιση και τη μέτρηση της μετακίνησης και του κλάσματος πάχυνσης του διαφραγματικού μυός. Επισημαίνουμε τις ιδιαιτερότητες του νεογνικού διαφράγματος, τόσο στη λειτουργία όσο και στη μηχανική του. Περιγράφουμε την κλινική χρήση του υπέρηχου σε ενήλικες και παιδιά, τις τιμές αναφοράς των βασικών παραμέτρων καθώς και τα μέχρι στιγμής δεδομένα για τη χρήση του υπέρηχου διαφράγματος στα νεογνά. Αναλύουμε τη σημασία του υπερήχου διαφράγματος σε διασωληνωμένους ασθενείς (ενήλικες, παιδιά και νεογνά), εξηγούμε την αλληλεπίδραση μηχανικού αερισμού και διαφράγματος και εστιάζουμε στη σημασία της πρόβλεψης της επιτυχημένης αποσωλήνωσης. Τέλος παρουσιάζουμε και σχολιάζουμε τα μέχρι στιγμής ερευνητικά δεδομένα για τη χρησιμότητα του υπέρηχου διαφράγματος σε διασωληνωμένα νεογνά και τη δυνατότητα πρόβλεψης του απογαλακτισμού τους από τον μηχανικό αερισμό.
description: The aim of this study is to examine the utility of diaphragm ultrasound as a useful diagnostic tool in predicting successful extubation of premature neonates. We describe the embryology, anatomy and physiology of the diaphragm, a muscle whose function is unstoppable and vital for maintaining life. We explain the diaphragmatic ultrasound technique by imaging and measuring excursion and thickening fraction of the diaphragmatic muscle. We highlight the peculiarities of the neonatal diaphragm, both in its function and mechanics. We describe the clinical use of ultrasound in adults and children, reference values of key parameters, and current data on the use of diaphragm ultrasound in neonates. We analyze the importance of diaphragm ultrasound in intubated patients (adults, children and neonates), explain the interaction of mechanical ventilation and diaphragm, and focus on the importance of predicting successful extubation. Finally, we present and comment on the research data so far on the usefulness of the ultrasound diaphragm in intubated neonates and the possibility of predicting the outcome of their weaning from mechanical ventilation.
Phleum pratense
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Phleum
Phleum pratense

description: Phleum pratense aggr.
Wiesen-Lieschgras
Art ISFS: 300005 Checklist: 1033400 Poaceae Phleum Phleum pratense aggr. Enthält: Phleum bertolonii DC. Phleum pratense L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Stängel am Grund oft knotig verdickt. Blätter 3-8 mm breit, beidseits stark rau. Oberste Blattscheide nicht oder wenig aufgeblasen. Blütenstand eine dicht zylindrische, rispige Scheinähre. Rispenäste mit der Hauptachse verwachsen, die Ährchen daher +/- sitzend, Blütenstand beim Umbiegen nicht lappig. Ährchen einblütig, mit 2 gleichen, häutigen, die Blüte einschliessenden Hüllspelzen, diese plötzlich in eine kurze Granne verschmälert. Kiel grün, steifhaarig.
Blütezeit (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 6-8
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Fettwiesen, Weiden, Wegränder / kollin-montan(-subalpin) /
Status
Status IUCN: Nicht gefährdet
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Phleum pratenseaggr.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Wiesen-Lieschgras, Timothegras Nom français: Phléole des prés Nome italiano: Codolina comune
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Phleum pratense aggr.Checklist 2017300005=Phleum pratense aggr.Flora Helvetica 20182957-2958=Phleum pratense aggr.SISF/ISFS 2300005
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: Indigen
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
Status Rote Liste national 2016
Status IUCN: Nicht gefährdet
Zusätzliche InformationenKriterien IUCN: --
Status Rote Liste regional 2019
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCNJura (JU)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Mittelland (MP)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Alpennordflanke (NA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Alpensüdflanke (SA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Östliche Zentralalpen (EA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)nicht gefährdet (Least Concern)
Status nationale Priorität /Verantwortung
Keine nationale Priorität oder internationale Verantwortung
Schutzstatus
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,