cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New triterpenoids from the aerial parts of the Uygur medicine Salvia deserta
Creators: name: Ren, Xue
name: Yuan, Xin
name: Chen, Yu-Ying
name: Zhang, Qiao-Zhuo
name: Tan, Chun-Lin
name: Kang, Juan-Juan
name: Luo, Shi-Hong
name: Liu, Yan
name: Guo, Kai
name: Li, Sheng-Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Salvia deserta led to the isolation of eight new pentacyclic triterpenoids including three oleanane- (1 − 3) and five ursane-type (4 − 8) triterpenoids, whose structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculation. Weak immunosuppressive potency was observed for compounds 1, 2, and 4 − 8 via inhibiting the secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages RAW264.7 at 20 μM. In addition, compounds 1, 2, and 4 − 6 exhibited moderate protective activity on t-BHP-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells.
A Theory of Imperfect Competition in Rural Credit Markets
Creators: name: Hoff, Karla
name: Stiglitz, Joseph
name: Hoff, Karla
name: Stiglitz, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Financial Economics
International Development

description: Credit programs in developing countries have significantly expanded rural credit to large farmers. But they have not succeeded in putting informal moneylenders out of business, and there is some evidence that they have not even reduced the rates that moneylenders charge to the small and landless farmers who continue to rely on them. This paper offers a theoretical model within which this puzzle can be explained. The model is motivated by fields studies of rural areas of Asian developing countries which have documented the importance of credit interlinked with trade and the advantages that the trader-moneylender has in enforcing loan contracts. In the model presented in this paper, the ability to enforce loan contracts provides a return to becoming a trader that induces entry into that activity by those who have funds. Government subsidies that expand bank credit to large farmers may induce further entry by large farmers into the trader-moneylending sector. The induced entry leads to higher excess capacity among trader-moneylenders and higher unit costs. Rather than being passed on to the small farmer and tenant, the credit subsidy may be wholly or partly absorbed in the reduced efficiency of the monopolistically competitive moneylending-trading sector.
Large Chiroptical Effects in Planar Chiral Metamaterials
Creators: name: Ye, Weimin
name: Yuan, Xiaodong
name: Guo, Chucai
name: Zhang, Jianfa
name: Yang, Biao
name: Zhang, Shuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiroptical effects, characterized by different optical responses for left- (LCP) and right- handed circularly polarized light (RCP), are powerful and valuable tools in optics with wide applications in polarization resolved imaging and sensing. Previously observed strong chiroptical effects are limited to metamaterials with complex three-dimensional chiral structures at the sub-wavelength scale. Although asymmetrical transmission of LCP and RCP have been investigated in planar chiral metasurfaces, the observed weak chiroptical effects result from anisotropic Ohmic dissipation of the metal constituents. Here, we demonstrate by theory and proof-of-concept experiments that large difference in transmittances of LCP and RCP can be attained in a single-layer planar chiral metamaterial with a sub-wavelength thickness. Without violating the reciprocity and mirror symmetry, the strong chiroptical effect, independent of dielectric loss, arise from a novel mechanism of multimode interference. The described effect may lead to new gateway towards chiral manipulations of light and chiral optical devices.
Comment on "New Experimental Limit for the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron"
Creators: name: Lamoreaux, S. K.
name: Golub, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new limit for the neutron electric dipole moment has been recently reported. This new limit is obtained by combining the result from a previous experiment with the result from a more recent experiment that has much worse statistical accuracy. We show that the old result has a systematic error possibly four times greater than the new limit, and under the circumstances, averaging of the old and new results is statistically invalid. The conclusion is that it would be more appropriate to quote two independent but mutually supportive limits as obtained from each experiment separately.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Nonstationarity of the link between the Tropics and the summer East Atlantic pattern
Creators: name: Rieke, Ole
name: Greatbatch, Richard J.
name: Gollan, Gereon
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Year: 2021

description: A 700‐year pre‐industrial control run with the MPI‐ESM‐LR model is used to investigate the link between the summer East Atlantic (SEA) pattern and the Pacific‐Caribbean rainfall dipole (PCD), a link that has previously been shown using ERA‐Interim reanalysis data. In the model, it is found that the link between the SEA and PCD is present in some multidecadal epochs but not in others. A simple statistical model reproduces this behaviour. In the statistical model, the SEA is represented by a white noise process plus a weak influence from the PCD based on the full 700 years of the model run. The statistical model is relevant to other extratropical modes of variability, for example, the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), that are weakly influenced by the Tropics. It follows that the link between the Tropics and the winter NAO is likely to undergo modulation on multidecadal time scales, as found in some previous studies. The results suggest that any predictability of the SEA, and by implication the NAO, based on tropical rainfall may not be robust and may, in fact, be modulated on multidecadal time scales, with implications for seasonal and decadal prediction systems.
description: The positive phase of the SEA is associated with warm summers in Europe. The figure shows the running correlation in 51 year windows between the SEA index and the corresponding tropical rainfall index in a long pre‐industrial model run. The link between tropical rainfall and the SEA exists only in some decadal epochs, shown by the green shading, implying that predictability of the SEA based on tropical rainfall can be expected to vary on multidecadal time scales.
Sarrus rules and dihedral groups
Creators: name: Lorenz, Dirk A.
name: Wirths, Karl-Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15

description: This paper is devoted to the analysis of a false generalization of the rule of Sarrus and its properties that can be derived with the help of dihedral groups. Further, we discuss a Sarrus-like scheme that could be helpful for students to memorize the calculation of a $4\times 4$ determinant.
description: To appear in "The College Mathematics Journal"
A Localized Reduced-Order Modeling Approach for PDEs with Bifurcating Solutions
Creators: name: Hess, Martin
name: Alla, Alessandro
name: Quaini, Annalisa
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
name: Gunzburger, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Reduced-order modeling (ROM) commonly refers to the construction, based on a few solutions (referred to as snapshots) of an expensive discretized partial differential equation (PDE), and the subsequent application of low-dimensional discretizations of partial differential equations (PDEs) that can be used to more efficiently treat problems in control and optimization, uncertainty quantification, and other settings that require multiple approximate PDE solutions. In this work, a ROM is developed and tested for the treatment of nonlinear PDEs whose solutions bifurcate as input parameter values change. In such cases, the parameter domain can be subdivided into subregions, each of which corresponds to a different branch of solutions. Popular ROM approaches such as proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), results in a global low-dimensional basis that does no respect not take advantage of the often large differences in the PDE solutions corresponding to different subregions. Instead, in the new method, the k-means algorithm is used to cluster snapshots so that within cluster snapshots are similar to each other and are dissimilar to those in other clusters. This is followed by the construction of local POD bases, one for each cluster. The method also can detect which cluster a new parameter point belongs to, after which the local basis corresponding to that cluster is used to determine a ROM approximation. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the method both for problems for which bifurcation cause continuous and discontinuous changes in the solution of the PDE.
Methanofollis formosanus Wu, Chen & Lai, 2005, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Wu, S. - Y.
name: Chen, S. - C.
name: Lai, M. - C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Archaea
Euryarchaeota
Methanomicrobia
Methanomicrobiales
Methanomicrobiaceae
Methanofollis
Methanofollis formosanus

description: Methanofollis formosanus sp. nov.
Description of Methanofollis formosanus sp. nov.
Methanofollis formosanus (for.mo.sa'nus. N.L. masc. adj. formosanus from Formosa, the beautiful island of Taiwan).
Irregularly coccoid cells, non-motile, 1 5-2 0 mmin diameter. Obligately anaerobic cells. Stains Gram-negative. Cell wall has an SDS-sensitive S-layer protein with an Mr of 138 800. Catabolic substrates used include H2/CO2 and formate, but not acetate, methanol, trimethylamine, dimethylamine, ethanol, 2-propanol, iso-butanol, 2-butanol or dimethylamine. Cells are mesophilic and grow at 20- 42°C, with optimal growth at 37°C. Cells grow at pH 5 6- 7-3, with optimal growth atpH 6-6. Cells grow well in 0-4 % NaCl, with optimal growth at 3 % NaCl. Addition ofacetate reduces the lag time and the trace element tungsten greatly promotes cell growth and extends the growth range. No growth is detected in minimal medium. Growth is completely inhibited by chloramphenicol and partly inhibited by tetracycline, but not by ampicillin, penicillin, kanamycin or spectinomycin. The G+C content of DNA of strain ML15T is 58 4 mol%.
The type strain is strain ML15T (= OCM 789T = DSM 15483T), isolated from a marine water aquaculture fish pond near Wang-gong, Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Wu, S. - Y., Chen, S. - C. & Lai, M. - C., 2005, Methanofollis formosanus sp. nov., isolated from a fish pond., pp. 837-842 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55 on page 5
Optoelectronic spin memories of electrons in semiconductors
Creators: name: Miah, M. Idrish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We optically generate electron spins in semiconductors and apply an external magnetic field perpendicularly to them. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements, pumped with a circularly polarized light, are performed to study the spin polarization and spin memory times in the semiconducting host. The measured spin polarization is found to be an exponential decay with the time delay of the probe. It is also found that the spin memory times, extracted from the polarization decays, enhance with the strength of the external magnetic field. However, at higher fields, the memory times get saturated to sub-μs because of the coupling for interacting electrons with the local nuclear field.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Physical interpretation of the partition function for colloidal clusters
Creators: name: Klein, Ellen D.
name: Perry, Rebecca W.
name: Manoharan, Vinothan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal clusters consist of small numbers of colloidal particles bound by weak, short-range attractions. The equilibrium probability of observing a cluster in a particular geometry is well-described by a statistical mechanical model originally developed for molecules. To explain why this model fits experimental data so well, we derive the partition function classically, with no quantum mechanical considerations. Then, by comparing and contrasting the derivation in particle coordinates with that in center-of-mass coordinates, we physically interpret the terms in the center-of-mass formulation, which is equivalent to the high-temperature partition function for molecules. We discuss, from a purely classical perspective, how and why cluster characteristics such as the symmetry number, moments of inertia, and vibrational frequencies affect the equilibrium probabilities.
Potential and Limitations of Machine Learning for Modeling Warm‐Rain Cloud Microphysical Processes
Creators: name: Seifert, Axel
name: Rasp, Stephan
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The use of machine learning based on neural networks for cloud microphysical parameterizations is investigated. As an example, we use the warm‐rain formation by collision‐coalescence, that is, the parameterization of autoconversion, accretion, and self‐collection of droplets in a two‐moment framework. Benchmark solutions of the kinetic collection equations are performed using a Monte Carlo superdroplet algorithm. The superdroplet method provides reliable but noisy estimates of the warm‐rain process rates. For each process rate, a neural network is trained using standard machine learning techniques. The resulting models make skillful predictions for the process rates when compared to the testing data. However, when solving the ordinary differential equations, the solutions are not as good as those of an established warm‐rain parameterization. This deficiency can be seen as a limitation of the machine learning methods that are applied, but at the same time, it points toward a fundamental ill‐posedness of the commonly used two‐moment warm‐rain schemes. More advanced machine learning methods that include a notion of time derivatives, therefore, have the potential to overcome these problems.
description: Plain Language Summary: In our work, we are trying to teach a computer how rain forms in clouds. We show that computer hundreds of cases in the form of data. To be honest, the data are not real data but only results of simulations with a more complicated computer model. This complicated model can track the collisions of 10,000 of droplets, and we save all that data about the growth of the droplets into larger raindrops. This is what we then give to the simpler computer model to teach it something about clouds and rain. Afterward, it can make pretty good predictions about which clouds will rain and how long it will take them to produce the first rain. Unfortunately, the current machine learning methods are still a bit stupid because they only learn from the data but do not understand the mathematics and the physics behind the data. Therefore, the new computer model is still not as good at predicting rain as some clever mathematical formulas that were developed 20 years ago. Maybe we first have to teach the computer model more about calculus before it can learn to predict rain.
description: Key Points: Machine learning is successfully applied to the warm‐rain parameterization problem. Training and testing data for the warm‐rain kinetic collection equation are provided using the superdroplet method. Standard training methods show some limitations for the resulting ODE system.
description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
Two-electron self-energy contribution to the ground state energy of heliumlike ions
Creators: name: Yerokhin, V. A.
name: Artemyev, A. N.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-electron self-energy contribution to the ground state energy of heliumlike ions is calculated both for a point nucleus and an extended nucleus in a wide interval of Z. All the two-electron contributions are compiled to obtain most accurate values for the two-electron part of the ground state energy of heliumlike ions in the range Z=20-100. The theoretical value of the ground state energy of heliumlike uranium, based on currently available theory, is evaluated to be -261382.9(8) eV, without higher order one-electron QED corrections.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, LATEX
Exact solution of some quarter plane walks with interacting boundaries
Creators: name: Beaton, Nicholas R
name: Owczarek, Aleksander L
name: Rechnitzer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15

description: The set of random walks with different step sets (of short steps) in the quarter plane has provided a rich set of models that have profoundly different integrability properties. In particular, 23 of the 79 effectively different models can be shown to have generating functions that are algebraic or differentiably finite. Here we investigate how this integrability may change in those 23 models where in addition to length one also counts the number of sites of the walk touching either the horizontal and/or vertical boundaries of the quarter plane. This is equivalent to introducing interactions with those boundaries in a statistical mechanical context. We are able to solve for the generating function in a number of cases. For example, when counting the total number of boundary sites without differentiating whether they are horizontal or vertical, we can solve the generating function of a generalised Kreweras model. However, in many instances we are not able to solve as the kernel methodology seems to break down when including counts with the boundaries.
description: 34 pages, 1 Figure
MOESM3 of Species-specific interference exerted by the shrub Cistus clusii Dunal in a semi-arid Mediterranean gypsum plant community
Creators: name: Foronda, Ana
name: Ehlers, Bodil
name: ConcepciĂłn Alados
name: Pueyo, Yolanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3. Effects of the extract treatments on seedling biomass.
Dijet Cross Sections in Photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dijet production by almost real photons has been studied at HERA with the ZEUS detector. Jets have been identified using the cone algorithm. A cut on xg, the fraction of the photon energy participating in the production of the two jets of highest transverse energy, is used to define cross sections sensitive to the parton distributions in the proton and in the photon. The dependence of the dijet cross sections on pseudorapidity has been measured for xg $\ge 0.75$ and xg $< 0.75$. The former is sensitive to the gluon momentum density in the proton. The latter is sensitive to the gluon in the photon. The cross sections are corrected for detector acceptance and compared to leading order QCD calculations.
description: 21 pages, latex, 4 figures appended as uuencoded file
Clouds, radiation, and atmospheric circulation in the present‐day climate and under climate change
Creators: name: Voigt, Aiko
name: Albern, Nicole
name: Ceppi, Paulo
name: Grise, Kevin
name: Li, Ying
name: Medeiros, Brian
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Year: 2020

description: By interacting with radiation, clouds modulate the flow of energy through the Earth system, the circulation of the atmosphere, and regional climate. We review the impact of cloud‐radiation interactions for the atmospheric circulation in the present‐day climate, its internal variability and its response to climate change. After summarizing cloud‐controlling factors and cloud‐radiative effects, we clarify the scope and limits of the Clouds On‐Off Klimate Model Intercomparison Experiment (COOKIE) and cloud‐locking modeling methods. COOKIE showed that the presence of cloud‐radiative effects shapes the circulation in the present‐day climate in many important ways, including the width of the tropical rain belts and the position of the extratropical storm tracks. Cloud locking, in contrast, identified how clouds affect internal variability and the circulation response to global warming. This includes strong, but model‐dependent, shortwave and longwave cloud impacts on the El‐Nino Southern Oscillation, and the finding that most of the poleward circulation expansion in response to global warming can be attributed to radiative changes in clouds. We highlight the circulation impact of shortwave changes from low‐level clouds and longwave changes from rising high‐level clouds, and the contribution of these cloud changes to model differences in the circulation response to global warming. The review in particular draws attention to the role of cloud‐radiative heating within the atmosphere. We close by raising some open questions which, among others, concern the need for studying the cloud impact on regional scales and opportunities created by the next generation of global storm‐resolving models. This article is categorized under: Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models
description: Clouds interact with radiation. We review the role of cloud‐radiation interactions in shaping the atmospheric circulation and thus regional climate and climate change. Figure from Blue Marble Collection of NASA Visible Earth.
description: U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological & Environmental Research
description: U.S. National Science Foundation
description: NERC CIRCULATES project
description: FONA: Research for Sustainable Development
description: German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
Desmella aneimiae Syd.
Creators: name: Hernandez, J. R.
name: Piepenbring, M.
name: Rios, M. B. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Phragmidiaceae
Desmella
Desmella aneimiae

description: Desmella aneimiae Syd. and P. Syd.
on Thelypteris sp. Panama, Chiriqui Province, San Felix, 8°16.387'N, 81°51.71'W, 29 Nov. 2004, leg. J.R. Hernandez 2004-153, II-III (BPI 864108).
D. aneimiae was reported from Mexico to Argentina and the Caribbean on species in the Blechnaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Nephroleptidaceae, Schizaeaceae, Pteridaceae, and Thelypteridaceae (Farr et al. 2004; Hernandez et al. 2005a, b). This is the first report of D. aneimiae from Panama.
description: Published as part of Hernandez, J. R., Piepenbring, M. & Rios, M. B. V., 2007, A new species, Dicheirinia panamensis, and new records of rust fungi from Panama., pp. 81-91 in Mycol Progress 6 on page 87
A new cytotoxic disaccharide glycoside from the tubers of Arisaema franchetianum
Creators: name: Qin, Yun-Peng
name: Yang, Wan-Qi
name: Liu, Kai-Dong
name: Xu, Yong
name: Dong, Ying-Ying
name: Fu, Jiang
name: Qu, Jing
name: Yu, Shi-Shan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: A new disaccharide glycoside, franchoside A (1), and 17 known compounds were isolated from the tubers of Arisaema franchetianum Engler. The chemical structure of the previously undescribed compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1, 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 showed significant cytotoxic activities at varying IC50 values in the range of 4.0–10.6 μM against five cancer cell lines. Compounds 8, 10, 13 and 17 (10 μM) exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and the release of NO from RAW264.7 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), while compounds 1, 9, 14, 15 and 16 showed weak anti-inflammatory activities.
Kuehneola malvicola
Creators: name: Hernandez, J. R.
name: Piepenbring, M.
name: Rios, M. B. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Phragmidiaceae
Kuehneola
Kuehneola malvicola

description: Kuehneola malvicola (Speg.) Arthur
on Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. Panama, Chiriqui Province, Caizan, 8°44.406N, 82°49.348'W, 25 Nov. 2004, leg. J.R. Hernandez 2004-109, II (BPI 864198).
K. malvicola was reported from the Americas and Asia on species in the Malvaceae (Farr et al. 2004). This is the first report of K. malvicola from Panama.
description: Published as part of Hernandez, J. R., Piepenbring, M. & Rios, M. B. V., 2007, A new species, Dicheirinia panamensis, and new records of rust fungi from Panama., pp. 81-91 in Mycol Progress 6 on page 88
Ultra-wideband THz/IR Metamaterial Absorber based on Doped Silicon
Creators: name: Liu, Huafeng
name: Luo, Kai
name: Peng, Danhua
name: Hu, Fangjing
name: Tu, Liangcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metamaterial-based absorbers have been extensively investigated in the terahertz (THz) range with ever increasing performances. In this paper, we propose an all-dielectric THz absorber based on doped silicon. The unit cell consists of a silicon cross resonator with an internal cross-shaped air cavity. Numerical results suggest that the proposed absorber can operate from THz to mid-infrared, having an average power absorption of >95% between 0.6 and 10 THz. Experimental results using THz time-domain spectroscopy show a good agreement with simulations. The underlying mechanisms for broadband absorptions are attributed to the combined effects of multiple cavities modes formed by silicon resonators and bulk absorption in the substrate, as confirmed by simulated field patterns. This ultra-wideband absorption is polarization insensitive and can operate across a wide range of the incident angle. The proposed absorber can be readily integrated into silicon-based platforms and is expected to be used in sensing, imaging, energy harvesting and wireless communications systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
MOESM2 of Species-specific interference exerted by the shrub Cistus clusii Dunal in a semi-arid Mediterranean gypsum plant community
Creators: name: Foronda, Ana
name: Ehlers, Bodil
name: ConcepciĂłn Alados
name: Pueyo, Yolanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. Methods and results for the micro-environmental conditions under the canopies of C. clusii and G. struthium.
Spatiotemporal Variability of the Southern Annular Mode and its Influence on Antarctic Surface Temperatures
Creators: name: Wachter, Paul
name: Beck, Christoph
name: Philipp, Andreas
name: Höppner, Kathrin
name: Jacobeit, Jucundus
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the predominant atmospheric variability mode in the Southern Hemisphere. In this paper, we present the spatial variability results of the SAM pattern for the period 1979–2018. The SAM‐intrinsic pattern variability analysis is based on the principal component analysis (PCA), which is carried out for the ERA‐Interim 500 hPa geopotential height (GPH) data set. A spatiotemporally resolved data set of SAM pattern maps (PCA loadings) is derived by projecting monthly shifted sub‐sequences of SAM index values (PCA scores) on the corresponding GPH anomalies. The dominant SAM structure within single pattern fields is mapped automatically and can be interpreted as the Southern Hemisphere polar front. This data set allows an analysis of the geographical positions of the characteristic circumpolar SAM structure over four decades and shows considerable variability over space and time. Five different states of SAM patterns, which are associated with characteristic circulation anomalies during different phases of the study period, are identified. Station‐based Antarctic temperature anomalies can be synoptically explained by these circulation anomalies. The overall latitudinal trend of the SAM pattern indicates an intensification of the meridional structure, especially over the East Antarctic Southern Ocean. Furthermore, we show that the SAM pattern variability is significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Composites of 500 hPa GPH anomalies during the positive and negative phases of the respective indices indicate teleconnections with Pacific Decadal Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and this can explain latitudinal trends of the SAM pattern.
description: Key Points: We present a new approach to examine the spatiotemporal Southern Annular Mode pattern variability. Station‐based Antarctic temperature anomalies are related to different structures of the Southern Annular Mode. The trend pattern shows an increasing meridional structure and correlations with Pacific and Atlantic multidecadal oscillations.
description: DLR Management Board: Young Investigator Group Leader Program
Phakopsora cupheae Buritica
Creators: name: Hernandez, J. R.
name: Piepenbring, M.
name: Rios, M. B. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Phakopsoraceae
Phakopsora
Phakopsora cupheae

description: Phakopsora cupheae Buritica
on Cuphea ignea A. DC. Panama, Chiriqui Province, road to Caizan, 8°47.382'N, 82°42.547'W, 25 Nov. 2004, leg. J.R. Hernandez 2004-103, II (BPI 871907).
P. cupheae was reported from the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America (Farr et al. 2004). This is the first report of P. cupheae from Panama.
description: Published as part of Hernandez, J. R., Piepenbring, M. & Rios, M. B. V., 2007, A new species, Dicheirinia panamensis, and new records of rust fungi from Panama., pp. 81-91 in Mycol Progress 6 on page 88
KIT13-NIMRD-0001
Creators: name: Fourrier, Sabine
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Kition-Pervolia 2013, cahier d'inventaire
description: Coverage: Kition-Pervolia
Tautomeric cinnamoylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts from Cleistocalyx operculatus and their antiviral activities
Creators: name: Song, Jian-Guo
name: Liu, Jia-Xin
name: Huang, Rui-Li
name: Tang, Wei
name: Huang, Xiao-Jun
name: Wang, Ying
name: Ye, Wen-Cai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Guided by 1H NMR spectroscopic experiments using the characteristic enol proton signals as probes, three pairs of new tautomeric cinnamoylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts (1–3) were isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus. Their structures with absolute configurations were established by spectroscopic analysis, modified Mosher’s method, and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculation. Compounds 1–3 represent a novel class of cinnamoylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts featuring an unusual C-4–C-1′ linkage between 2,2,4-trimethyl-cinnamyl-β-triketone and modified linear monoterpenoid motifs. Notably, compounds 1–3 exhibited significant in vitro antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Trade Policy and the Third World Metropolis
Creators: name: Krugman, Paul
name: Elizondo, Raul
name: Krugman, Paul
name: Elizondo, Raul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: International Development
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Many of the world's largest cities are now in developing countries. We develop a simple theoretical model, inspired by the case of Mexico, that explains the existence of such giant cities as a consequence of the strong forward and backward linkages that arise when manufacturing tries to serve a small domestic market. The model implies that these linkages are much weaker when the economy is open to international trade -- in other words, the giant Third World metropolis is an unintended by-product of importsubstitution policies, and will tend to shrink as developing countries liberalize.
Additional file 1: of Waking up every day in a body that is not yours: a qualitative research inquiry into the intersection between eating disorders and pregnancy
Creators: name: Claydon, Elizabeth
name: Davidov, Danielle
name: Zullig, Keith
name: Lilly, Christa
name: Cottrell, Lesley
name: Zerwas, Stephanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix. (DOCX 26 kb)
Calculation of large-aspect-ratio tokamak and toroidally-averaged stellarator equilibria of high-beta reduced magnetohydrodynamics via simulated annealing
Creators: name: Furukawa, M.
name: Watanabe, Takahiro
name: Morrison, P. J.
name: Ichiguchi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simulated annealing (SA) relaxation method is used for calculation of high-beta reduced magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equilibria in toroidal geometry. The SA method, based on artificial dynamics derived from the MHD Hamiltonian structure, is used to calculate equilibria of large-aspect-ratio and circular-cross-section tokamaks as well as toroidally averaged stellarators. Tokamak equilibria including incompressible poloidal rotations are obtained and the Shafranov shift is seen to increase nearly quadratically in the rotation speed. A mapping procedure between non-rotating and poloidally rotating equilibria is shown to explain a quadratic dependence of equilibria shift on rotation. Calculated stellarator equilibria are seen to agree reasonably with previous results. The numerical results demonstrate the first successful application of the SA method to obtain toroidal equilibria.
description: submitted to Physics of Plasmas
Transformation of Generation Processes From Small Runoff Events to Large Floods
Creators: name: Tarasova, L.
name: Basso, S.
name: Merz, R.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Mixture of runoff generation processes poses a challenge for predicting upper flood quantiles. We examined transformations of generation processes from all identifiable runoff events to frequent and upper tail floods for a large set of mesoscale catchments and observed a substantial change of the dominant processes. Two trajectories of transformation were detected. In regions where floods occur almost exclusively in winter the dominance of processes related to snowmelt consistently increases from small events to frequent and upper tail floods. In catchments characterized by frequent winter‐spring floods and occasional summer‐autumn flood events triggered by rare meteorological phenomena (e.g., Vb cyclones), processes that dominate upper tails are not adequately represented in the sample of frequent floods. Predictions of extremes and projections of flood changes might remain highly uncertain in the latter cases.
description: Plain Language Summary: Prediction of floods remains a challenging task for the engineering practice. Floods triggered by different physical mechanisms have contrasting statistical attributes. Mixture of these processes hinders reliable prediction of the largest floods. In this study we classified a large number of streamflow events observed in a wide range of German river basins according to their generation processes. We analyzed changes in the frequency of occurrence of different generation processes, from the smallest identifiable runoff events to annual floods to rarer events corresponding to larger river flows. Interestingly, for some river basins certain processes tend to consistently increase their frequency from small streamflow events to common and larger floods. In other cases, we observed an opposite tendency. Certain processes become less important for the generation of annual floods compared to small streamflow events but then dominate generation of the largest floods. This has important implications for our ability to predict extreme floods and their possible changes.
description: Key Points: We analyzed transformation of processes from small runoff events to larger floods using a process‐based framework for event characterization. A substantial transformation of the frequency of processes from small runoff events to frequent and upper tail floods is observed. Differences in trajectories of process transformation among catchments suggest regionally variable predictability of extremes.
description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
description: Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ)
title: Candidature école d'été Culture Maritime et Navale Méditerranéenne: entre recherche, conservation et valorisation 2017
Creators: name: Centre Camille Jullian (UMR 7299)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Ecole d'été Culture Maritime et Navale Méditerranéenne: entre recherche, conservation et valorisation , ayant eu lieu à Dubrovnik (Croatie), 3-10 juin 2017. 
Projet ATED porté par Giulia Boetto (Centre Camille Jullian) et Irena Radić Rossi (University of Zadar, Croatie).
On the role of $a_1(1260)$ meson in the $τ\to 4πν_τ$ decay
Creators: name: Bondar, A. E.
name: Eidelman, S. I.
name: Milstein, A. I.
name: Root, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a simple model successfully describing experimental data for the process $\epm\to 4π$ can also qualitatively account for the data of CLEOII and ALEPH obtained recently for the decay $τ\to 4πν_τ$. The model is based on the assumption of the $a_1(1260)π$ and $ωπ$ dominance as intermediate states. Our observation is in contrast with the claim by ARGUS that the $ρ$-meson signal in the $τ\to 4πν_τ$ decay can not be explained by the $a_1π$ intermediate state.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, LaTex
Institutions and Regulatory Commitment in Utilities Privatization
Creators: name: Spiller, Pablo
name: Spiller, Pablo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Industrial Organization
International Development

description: Privatization has become a crucial component of the reform process, not only in Eastern Europe where the economic system is being dramatically changed, but also in many developing countries. While many countries have been able to privatize both small and large industrial enterprises, fewer have been able to privatize utilities , like telecommunication networks (e.g., Argentina, Chile, Jamaica and Mexico), and only Chile, and to some extent Argentina, can show success in privatizing the electricity sector. In this paper we provide a framework to understand the differential privatization experiences across both countries and sectors and use our framework to provide an assessment of the performance of three utilities' privatization attempts in developing countries. The main insight of our framework is that the reason we observe so few successful utilities' privatization is that the successful privatization of utilities requires the prior development of safeguarding institutions. Safeguarding institutions would generally be required because the nature of the utilities sectors' assets (highly specific to the sector) and demand (mostly for widespread domestic consumption), increase the probability of administrative -or even outrightexpropriation by the government of the firm's specific assets. Such institutional development, however, is unnecessary for most other sectors in .the economy, as the nature of their technologies is such that their assets are of a more general purpose, and/or they operate in either export markets or have a more narrow domestic exposure. Thus, it is not that the privatization of utilities necessarily requires large capital investment, nor that foreign investors do not want to invest in highly indebted countries, nor that there is no room for competition in these sectors, but, rather, that few countries have had the political and economic conditions to successfully change their institutions so as to develop the required safeguards for private investment in those sectors to take place. Thus, unless such institutional change takes place, privatization of utilities may either not take place at all, or would they take place, they may fail to generate the potential social benefits expected from privatization, triggering a political backlash against the privatization, with the possibility of a government takeover down the road.
Enhancement of the electric dipole moment of the electron in BaF molecule
Creators: name: Kozlov, M.
name: Titov, A.
name: Mosyagin, N.
name: Souchko, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of ab initio calculation of the spin-rotational Hamiltonian parameters including P- and P,T-odd terms for the BaF molecule. The ground state wave function of BaF molecule is found with the help of the Relativistic Effective Core Potential method followed by the restoration of molecular four-component spinors in the core region of barium in the framework of a non-variational procedure. Core polarization effects are included with the help of the atomic Many Body Perturbation Theory for Barium atom. For the hyperfine constants the accuracy of this method is about 5-10%.
description: 8 pages, REVTEX, report at II International Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics, Seattle 1997
Ab initio study of optical and bulk properties of cesium lead halide perovskite solid solutions
Creators: name: Saleev, Vladimir
name: Shipilova, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first principles calculations of band gaps and bulk moduli of cesium lead halide perovskite solid solutions, $CsPb(I_{1-x}Cl_x)_3$ and $CsPb(I_{1-x}Br_x)_3$, are performed at the level of general gradient approximation of the density functional theory. We use supercell approach for computational modeling of disordered systems, which gives a description of the properties of the structure basing on the average over a set of multiple onfigurations, namely distributions of different species over a given set of atomic positions. The calculations were performed with the CRYSTAL14 program package. The dependence of the band gap and bulk modulus on the content $x$ are investigated over the whole range $0\le x\le 1$.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Using Thermal Springs to Quantify Deep Groundwater Flow and Its Thermal Footprint in the Alps and a Comparison With North American Orogens
Creators: name: Luijendijk, Elco
name: Winter, Theis
name: Köhler, Saskia
name: Ferguson, Grant
name: Von Hagke, Christoph
name: Scibek, Jacek
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Deep groundwater flow in mountain belts and its thermal effects are uncertain. Here, we use a new database of discharge, temperature, and composition of thermal springs in the Alps to estimate the extent of deep groundwater flow and its contribution to the groundwater and heat budget. The results indicate that thermal springs are fed exclusively by meteoric water and make up 0.1% of the total groundwater budget. Spring water circulates on average to a depth of at least 2 km. The net heat extracted from the subsurface equals 1% of the background heat flow, which equals an average thermal footprint of 7 km2. Cooling by downward flow and heating by upward flow are three and two times higher than the net heat flow, respectively. Comparison with North American orogens shows that hydrothermal activity is higher in areas with high relief or areas under extension.
description: Plain Language Summary: Groundwater that originates as rainfall may reach considerable depths in mountain belts. Groundwater can also transport heat and affect subsurface temperatures in mountain belts. However, the amount of groundwater that circulates to deeper levels and the extent to which it affects subsurface temperatures is largely unknown. Here we analyze newly compiled data from hot springs in the Alps to quantify groundwater flow and its thermal effects. On average the groundwater discharging in springs reaches a depth of at least 2 km. The thermal spring water makes up a very small portion (0.1%) of all the groundwater in the Alps, while almost all of the groundwater flows out into rivers and lakes or is evapotranspired. However, the groundwater that feeds springs does affect temperatures of rocks considerably. In areas where the water infiltrates and flows downward, it cools the subsurface, whereas near springs the water flows upward and heats the subsurface.
description: Key Points: Thermal springs in the Alps are exclusively fed by meteoric water, which on average circulates to a depth of at least 2 km. On average the contributing area of springs in the Alps is 0.6 km2 and the thermal footprint is 7 km2. Comparison with North American orogens indicates that hydrothermal activity is highest in orogens with high relief or undergoing extension.
description: German Research Foundation (DFG)