cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE VALUE OF AN OPTION BASED ON AN AVERAGE SECURITY VALUE
Creators: name: Kemna, A. G. Z.
name: Vorst, A. C. F.
name: Kemna, A. G. Z.
name: Vorst, A. C. F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In this paper we shall discuss a financial option of which the payoff depends on the average value of the underlying security over some final time interval. After explaining what an option is about we will derive a partial differential equation for the option which is different from the partial differential equation of a simple European call option. From this we will get an expectation formula for the option value. We will give an economical as well as a mathematical argument for this expectation formula.
Exploiting Connections for Viral Replication
Creators: name: Wong, Louise H.
name: Edgar, James R.
name: Martello, Andrea
name: Ferguson, Brian J.
name: Eden, Emily R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cell and Developmental Biology
Membrane contact sites (MCS)
double membrane vesicles (DMVs)
SARS-CoV-2
viral replication
lipid transport

description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, is a positive strand RNA (+RNA) virus. Like other +RNA viruses, SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on host cell metabolic machinery to survive and replicate, remodeling cellular membranes to generate sites of viral replication. Viral RNA-containing double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) are a striking feature of +RNA viral replication and are abundant in SARS-CoV-2–infected cells. Their generation involves rewiring of host lipid metabolism, including lipid biosynthetic pathways. Viruses can also redirect lipids from host cell organelles; lipid exchange at membrane contact sites, where the membranes of adjacent organelles are in close apposition, has been implicated in the replication of several +RNA viruses. Here we review current understanding of DMV biogenesis. With a focus on the exploitation of contact site machinery by +RNA viruses to generate replication organelles, we discuss evidence that similar mechanisms support SARS-CoV-2 replication, protecting its RNA from the host cell immune response.
Classification of topological phases with finite internal symmetries in all dimensions
Creators: name: Kong, Liang
name: Lan, Tian
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
name: Zhang, Zhi-Hao
name: Zheng, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a mathematical theory of symmetry protected trivial (SPT) orders and anomaly-free symmetry enriched topological (SET) orders in all dimensions via two different approaches with an emphasis on the second approach. The first approach is to gauge the symmetry in the same dimension by adding topological excitations as it was done in the 2d case, in which the gauging process is mathematically described by the minimal modular extensions of unitary braided fusion 1-categories. This 2d result immediately generalizes to all dimensions except in 1d, which is treated with special care. The second approach is to use the 1-dimensional higher bulk of the SPT/SET order and the boundary-bulk relation. This approach also leads us to a precise mathematical description and a classification of SPT/SET orders in all dimensions. The equivalence of these two approaches, together with known physical results, provides us with many precise mathematical predictions.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures; add more results on anomalies; final version to appear in JHEP
FINITE-SAMPLE BEHAVIOUR OF LOGIT PROBABILITY ESTIMATORS IN A REAL DATA SET
Creators: name: Abrahamse, A. P. J.
name: Geilenkirchen, J. Th.
name: Abrahamse, A. P. J.
name: Geilenkirchen, J. Th.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper gives evidence on the sampling distributions of logit coefficients and logit probabilities for various sample sizes. In particular, means and standard errors of these quantities are approximated by drawing repeated samples from a specific data set.
Expanded Conclusive Eavesdropping in Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Brandt, Howard E.
name: Myers, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper [Howard E. Brandt, "Conclusive eavesdropping in quantum key distribution," J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 (2005)] is generalized to include the full range of error rates for the projectively measured quantum cryptographic entangling probe, and also the full range of inconclusive rates for the entangling probe measured with the POVM receiver.
description: 5 pages
Solvable delay model for epidemic spreading: the case of Covid-19 in Italy
Creators: name: Dell'Anna, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple realistic model for describing the diffusion of an infectious disease on a population of individuals. The dynamics is governed by a single functional delay differential equation, which, in the case of a large population, can be solved exactly, even in the presence of a time-dependent infection rate. This delay model has a higher degree of accuracy than that of the so-called SIR model, commonly used in epidemiology, which, instead, is formulated in terms of ordinary differential equations. We apply this model to describe the outbreak of the new infectious disease, Covid-19, in Italy, taking into account the containment measures implemented by the government in order to mitigate the spreading of the virus and the social costs for the population.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Scientific Reports
Estimating the tour length for the close enough traveling salesman problem
Creators: name: Roy, Debdatta Sinha
name: Golden, Bruce
name: Wang, Xingyin
name: Wasil, Edward
Publisher: name: Algorithms
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services

description: We construct empirically based regression models for estimating the tour length in the Close Enough Traveling Salesman Problem (CETSP). In the CETSP, a customer is considered visited when the salesman visits any point in the customer’s service region. We build our models using as many as 14 independent variables on a set of 780 benchmark instances of the CETSP and compare the estimated tour lengths to the results from a Steiner zone heuristic. We validate our results on a new set of 234 instances that are similar to the 780 benchmark instances. We also generate results for a new set of 72 larger instances. Overall, our models fit the data well and do a very good job of estimating the tour length. In addition, we show that our modeling approach can be used to accurately estimate the optimal tour lengths for the CETSP.
Vizcaya Muir 1917
Creators: name: Liang, Ai-Ping
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Delphacidae
Vizcaya

description: Genus Vizcaya Muir
 Vizcaya Muir, 1917: 351; Metcalf, 1943: 68; Asche, 1990: 158. Type species: Vizcaya bakeri Muir, 1917, by monotypy.
 Vizcaya comprises a very uniform group of delphacids which can be easily distinguished by the following combination of characters: body slender in appearance with legs and forewings long; antennae with scape and pedicel both strongly elongate, scape slightly or well dilated, pedicel terete with numerous sensory ®elds, which are irregularly arranged over the whole surface (®gures 10, 15, 16); legs very elongate and slender, hind leg spine formula 5:5:4, metatibial spur conical in shape, with 6±12 teeth (including apical tooth) on inner margin; head small and narrow, transition of vertex to frons smooth and rounded; head and pronotum predominantly ochraceous with vertex, upper half of frons, postclypeus and lora shining black, forewings (®gures 47, 50) usually with a large, distinct fuscous patch at apical area beyond nodal line (excluding costal area) and with or without a short fuscous stripe which branches from the fuscous patch and runs to costal margin, clavus and basal costal area usually marked with fuscous; abdomen usually blackish. For details of the antennal sensilla, egg, rostrum and pretarsus (shown for the ®rst time) (see ®gures 10 ±17, 21±27).
 Included species and distribution. Nine species; S. India, Philippines (Luzon), Indonesia (Sulawesi, Lombok (new record)), Malaysia (Sarawak), Thailand, Vietnam, SW China (south Yunnan) (new record), Taiwan (new record).
description: Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, 2002, New taxa of Vizcayinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae), including a remarkable new genus from China, pp. 601-616 in Journal of Natural History 36 (5) on pages 610-611, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062327, http://zenodo.org/record/4747657
Flat Space, Dark Energy, and the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Cahill, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews some of the results of the Planck collaboration and shows how to compute the distance from the surface of last scattering, the distance from the farthest object that will ever be observed, and the maximum radius of a density fluctuation in the plasma of the CMB. It then explains how these distances together with well-known astronomical facts imply that space is flat or nearly flat and that dark energy is 69% of the energy of the universe.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, readable by graduate students, Eur. J. Phys (2020)
Methods for accounting for neighbourhood self-selection in physical activity and dietary behaviour research: a systematic review
Creators: name: Lamb, Karen E.
name: Thornton, Lukar E.
name: King, Tania L.
name: Ball, Kylie
name: White, Simon R.
name: Bentley, Rebecca
name: Coffee, Neil T.
name: Daniel, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Bias
Neighbourhood characteristics
Exercise
Diet
Environmental exposure
Adult

description: Abstract: Background: Self-selection into residential neighbourhoods is a widely acknowledged, but under-studied problem in research investigating neighbourhood influences on physical activity and diet. Failure to handle neighbourhood self-selection can lead to biased estimates of the association between the neighbourhood environment and behaviour. This means that effects could be over- or under-estimated, both of which have implications for public health policies related to neighbourhood (re)design. Therefore, it is important that methods to deal with neighbourhood self-selection are identified and reviewed. The aim of this review was to assess how neighbourhood self-selection is conceived and accounted for in the literature. Methods: Articles from a systematic search undertaken in 2017 were included if they examined associations between neighbourhood environment exposures and adult physical activity or dietary behaviour. Exposures could include any objective measurement of the built (e.g., supermarkets), natural (e.g., parks) or social (e.g., crime) environment. Articles had to explicitly state that a given method was used to account for neighbourhood self-selection. The systematic review was registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (number CRD42018083593) and was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Of 31 eligible articles, almost all considered physical activity (30/31); few examined diet (2/31). Methods used to address neighbourhood self-selection varied. Most studies (23/31) accounted for items relating to participants’ neighbourhood preferences or reasons for moving to the neighbourhood using multi-variable adjustment in regression models (20/23) or propensity scores (3/23). Of 11 longitudinal studies, three controlled for neighbourhood self-selection as an unmeasured confounder using fixed effects regression. Conclusions: Most studies accounted for neighbourhood self-selection by adjusting for measured attributes of neighbourhood preference. However, commonly the impact of adjustment could not be assessed. Future studies using adjustment should provide estimates of associations with and without adjustment for self-selection; consider temporality in the measurement of self-selection variables relative to the timing of the environmental exposure and outcome behaviours; and consider the theoretical plausibility of presumed pathways in cross-sectional research where causal direction is impossible to establish.
Quality standards, implementation autonomy, and citizen satisfaction with public services : cross-national evidence
Creators: name: Song, Miyeon
name: An, Seung-Ho
name: Meier, Kenneth
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This article investigates whether citizens’ evaluations of service performance are related to archival measures of performance, and how institutional context shapes this relationship contingent on administrative autonomy – standards, human resources, and financial autonomy. Using cross-national education data, this study finds that student performance is positively associated with parental evaluations of schools. Perceptions are more closely aligned with performance when agencies have greater autonomy in managing employees, and when national-level bureaucracies set performance standards. This research advances our understanding of the role of administrative autonomy in citizen satisfaction and provides implications for the institutional designs that can benefit performance assessment.
TESTING NONNESTED LINEAR HYPOTHESES II: SOME INVARIANT EXACT TESTS
Creators: name: Bouman, J.
name: Bouman, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this paper we derive a number of invariant tests for the problem of testing linear hypotheses. The power functions of these tests are studied and it turns out to depend on die value of r = rank(XlZ) (where X and Z are the given regressor matrices) whether the tests have level a, are unbiased and possess certain other desirable properties. The required computations in order to use the tests in practice are given. We also derive large sample approximations to the critical values and the p-values of the tests.
Simulating Colloid Hydrodynamics with Lattice Boltzmann
Creators: name: Cates, M. E.
name: Stratford, K.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Stansell, P.
name: Desplat, J. -C.
name: Pagonabarraga, I.
name: Wagner, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a progress report on our work on lattice Boltzmann methods for colloidal suspensions. We focus on the treatment of colloidal particles in binary solvents and on the inclusion of thermal noise. For a benchmark problem of colloids sedimenting and becoming trapped by capillary forces at a horizontal interface between two fluids, we discuss the criteria for parameter selection, and address the inevitable compromise between computational resources and simulation accuracy.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Invited talk, Colloidal Dispersions in External Fields, Bonn 2004. To appear in published proceedings
A faster and more accurate algorithm for calculating population genetics statistics requiring sums of Stirling numbers of the first kind
Creators: name: Chen, Swaine L.
name: Temme, Nico M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.0; G.1
subject: 11B73, 92D20, 41A60, 65D20

description: Stirling numbers of the first kind are used in the derivation of several population genetics statistics, which in turn are useful for testing evolutionary hypotheses directly from DNA sequences. Here, we explore the cumulative distribution function of these Stirling numbers, which enables a single direct estimate of the sum, using representations in terms of the incomplete beta function. This estimator enables an improved method for calculating an asymptotic estimate for one useful statistic, Fu's $F_s$. By reducing the calculation from a sum of terms involving Stirling numbers to a single estimate, we simultaneously improve accuracy and dramatically increase speed.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Ascorbate oxidation by iron, copper and reactive oxygen species: review, model development, and derivation of key rate constants
Creators: name: Shen, Jiaqi
name: Griffiths, Paul T.
name: Campbell, Steven J.
name: Utinger, Battist
name: Kalberer, Markus
name: Paulson, Suzanne E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/704/172
/639/638
article

description: Abstract: Ascorbic acid is among the most abundant antioxidants in the lung, where it likely plays a key role in the mechanism by which particulate air pollution initiates a biological response. Because ascorbic acid is a highly redox active species, it engages in a far more complex web of reactions than a typical organic molecule, reacting with oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical as well as redox-active transition metals such as iron and copper. The literature provides a solid outline for this chemistry, but there are large disagreements about mechanisms, stoichiometries and reaction rates, particularly for the transition metal reactions. Here we synthesize the literature, develop a chemical kinetics model, and use seven sets of laboratory measurements to constrain mechanisms for the iron and copper reactions and derive key rate constants. We find that micromolar concentrations of iron(III) and copper(II) are more important sinks for ascorbic acid (both AH2 and AH−) than reactive oxygen species. The iron and copper reactions are catalytic rather than redox reactions, and have unit stoichiometries: Fe(III)/Cu(II) + AH2/AH− + O2 → Fe(III)/Cu(II) + H2O2 + products. Rate constants are 5.7 × 104 and 4.7 × 104 M−2 s−1 for Fe(III) + AH2/AH− and 7.7 × 104 and 2.8 × 106 M−2 s−1 for Cu(II) + AH2/AH−, respectively.
Applying Spatial Capture-Recapture to Estimate Effect of Landscape Structure on Northern Bobwhite Density
Creators: name: Howell, Paige
name: Wilhite, Nathan G.
name: Gardner, Rachel
name: Mohlman, Jessica L.
name: Chandler, Richard B.
name: Parnell, Ira
name: Martin, James A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: R code and data for estimating the influence of landscape structure on northern bobwhite density using spatial capture-recapture methods.
The uniqueness of the spectral flow on spaces of unbounded self--adjoint Fredholm operators
Creators: name: Lesch, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A53; 19K56

description: We discuss several natural metrics on spaces of unbounded self--adjoint operators and their relations, among them the Riesz and the graph metric. We show that the topologies of the spaces of Fredholm operators resp. invertible operators depend heavily on the metric. Nevertheless we prove that in all cases the spectral flow is up to a normalization the only integer invariant of non-closed paths which is path additive and stable under homotopies with endpoints varying in the space of invertible self-adjoint operators. Furthermore we show that for certain Riesz continuous paths of self--adjoint Fredholm operators the spectral flow can be expressed in terms of the index of the pair of positive spectral projections at the endpoints. Finally we review the Cordes--Labrousse theorem on the stability of the Fredholm index with respect to the graph metric in a modern language and we generalize it to the Clifford index and to the equivariant index.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures; to appear in January 2005 in an AMS Contemporary Math Proceedings volume on 'Spectral Geometry of Manifolds with Boundary', edited by B. Booss--Bavnbek, G. Grubb and K.P. Wojciechowski
Quality standards, implementation autonomy, and citizen satisfaction with public services : cross-national evidence
Creators: name: Song, Miyeon
name: An, Seung-Ho
name: Meier, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Public Management Review
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: This article investigates whether citizens’ evaluations of service performance are related to archival measures of performance, and how institutional context shapes this relationship contingent on administrative autonomy – standards, human resources, and financial autonomy. Using cross-national education data, this study finds that student performance is positively associated with parental evaluations of schools. Perceptions are more closely aligned with performance when agencies have greater autonomy in managing employees, and when national-level bureaucracies set performance standards. This research advances our understanding of the role of administrative autonomy in citizen satisfaction and provides implications for the institutional designs that can benefit performance assessment.
Radio Emission from the Double-Pulsar System J0737-3039 Revisited
Creators: name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Brisken, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double pulsar J0737-3039 is the only known system in which the relativistic wind emitted by a radio pulsar demonstrably interacts with the magnetosphere of another one. We report radio interferometric observations of the J0737-3039 system with the VLA at three wavelengths, with each observation spanning a full binary orbit. We detect J0737-3039 at 1.6 and 4.8 GHz, derive a spectral index of -2.3 +/- 0.2, and place an upper limit on its flux density at 8.4 GHz. Orbital modulation is detected in the 1.6 GHz data with a significance of ~2 sigma. Both orbital phase-resolved and phase-averaged measurements at 1.6 GHz are consistent with the entire flux density arising from the pulsed emission of the two pulsars. Contrary to prior results, we find no evidence for unpulsed emission, and limit it to less than 0.5 mJy (5 sigma).
description: 4 pages, including 2 figures and 2 tables; minor revisions, ApJL accepted
Bosonic quantum communication across arbitrarily high loss channels
Creators: name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Plenio, Martin B.
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Holevo, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general attenuator $Φ_{λ, σ}$ is a bosonic quantum channel that acts by combining the input with a fixed environment state $σ$ in a beam splitter of transmissivity $λ$. If $σ$ is a thermal state the resulting channel is a thermal attenuator, whose quantum capacity vanishes for $λ\leq 1/2$. We study the quantum capacity of these objects for generic $σ$, proving a number of unexpected results. Most notably, we show that for any arbitrary value of $λ>0$ there exists a suitable single-mode state $σ(λ)$ such that the quantum capacity of $Φ_{λ,σ(λ)}$ is larger than a universal constant $c>0$. Our result holds even when we fix an energy constraint at the input of the channel, and implies that quantum communication at a constant rate is possible even in the limit of arbitrarily low transmissivity, provided that the environment state is appropriately controlled. We also find examples of states $σ$ such that the quantum capacity of $Φ_{λ,σ}$ is not monotonic in $λ$. These findings may have implications for the study of communication lines running across integrated optical circuits, of which general attenuators provide natural models.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures; v2 is very close to the published version. In the SM we added Section I.D, on the comparison between quantum communication and non-locality distribution, and Section V, where we discuss a possible extension of our main result (Thm. 2)
THE INFLUENCE OF AFFECTIVE FILTER ON THE LEARNING PROCESS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION AND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Creators: name: Norqulova, Jasmina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This study investigates the role of the affective filter in the process of learning, particularly in second language acquisition (SLA). The affective filter that was explored by Stephen Krashen in 1982 as part of his the input hypothesis, is a mental barrier that influence learners’ ability to receive input. Psychological factors like anxiety, motivation, self- confidence and attitude promote the strength of this filter. This thesis examines how affective filter influences learning outcomes and by examining key psychological factors mentioned above, will highlight strategies which can be employed by educators to reduce the affective filter, thus creating more effective and inclusive language learning environment.
Interplay of static and dynamic effects in 6He+ 238U Fusion
Creators: name: Cardenas, W. H. Z.
name: Canto, L. F.
name: Carlin, N.
name: Donangelo, R.
name: Hussein, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the neutron halo and the breakup channel in 6He + 238U fusion at near-barrier energies. To include static effects of the 2n-halo in 6He nuclei, we use a single-folding potential obtained from an appropriate nucleon-238U interaction and a realistic 6He density. Dynamical effects arising from the breakup process are then included through coupled-channel calculations. These calculations suggest that static effects dominate the cross section at energies above the Coulomb barrier, while the sub-barrier fusion cross section appears to be determined by coupling to the breakup channel. This last conclusion is uncertain due to the procedure employed to measure the fusion cross-section.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
d'Alembert Digitized: A Wave Pulse Method for Visualizing Electromagnetic Waves in Matter and for Deriving the Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Numerically Solving Maxwell's Equations
Creators: name: Hyman, Ross
name: Stern, Nathaniel
name: Taflove, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An alternative way of visualizing electromagnetic waves in matter and of deriving the Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD) for simulating Maxwell's equations for one dimensional systems is presented. The method uses d'Alembert's splitting of waves into forward and backward pulses of arbitrary shape and allows for grid spacing and material properties that vary with position. Constant velocity of waves in dispersionless dielectric materials, partial reflection and transmission at boundaries between materials with different indices of refraction, and partial reflection, transmission, and attenuation through conducting materials are derived without recourse to exponential functions, trigonometric functions, or complex numbers. Placing d'Alembert's method on a grid is shown to be equivalent to FDTD and allows for a simple and visual proof that FDTD is exact for dielectrics when the ratio of the spatial and temporal grid spacing is the wave speed, a straightforward way to incorporate reflectionless boundary conditions, and a derivation that FDTD retains second order accuracy when the grid spacing varies with position and the material parameters make sudden jumps across layer boundaries.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the American Journal of Physics
Magnetoresistance of itinerant electrons interacting with local spins
Creators: name: Gomez-Santos, G.
name: Fratini, S.
name: Guinea, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport properties of itinerant electrons interacting with local spins are analyzed as function of the bandwidth, $W$, the exchange interaction, $J$, and the band filling, $n$, near the band edge. Numerical results have been obtained within the dynamical mean-field approximation and interpreted with the help of analytical treatments. If spatial correlations of the magnetic fluctuations can be neglected, and defining $ρ(m)$ as the magnetization dependent resistivity, we find that $δρ/ ρ(0) \sim n^{-4/3}$ for $J / W, n \ll 1$ (weak coupling, low density limit), $δρ/ ρ(0) \sim constant$, for $J / W \gg 1, n \ll 1$ (double exchange, low density limit), where $δρ= \partial ρ/ \partial m^2 |_{m^2 \to 0}$. Possible limitations from ignoring both localization effects and critical fluctuations are also considered.
description: 7 pages
A review of shaped colloidal particles in fluids: Anisotropy and chirality
Creators: name: Witten, Thomas A.
name: Diamant, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review treats asymmetric colloidal particles moving through their host fluid under the action of some form of propulsion. The propulsion can come from an external body force or from external shear flow. It may also come from externally-induced stresses at the surface, arising from imposed chemical, thermal or electrical gradients. The resulting motion arises jointly from the driven particle and the displaced fluid. If the objects are asymmetric, every aspect of their motion and interaction depends on the orientation of the objects. This orientation in turn changes in response to the driving. The objects' shape can thus lead to a range of emergent anisotropic and chiral motion not possible with isotropic spherical particles. We first consider what aspects of a body's asymmetry can affect its drift through a fluid, especially chiral motion. We next discuss driving by injecting external force or torque into the particles. Then we consider driving without injecting force or torque. This includes driving by shear flow and driving by surface stresses, such as electrophoresis. We consider how time-dependent driving can induce collective orientational order and coherent motion. We show how a given particle shape can be represented using an assembly of point forces called a Stokeslet object. We next consider the interactions between anisotropic propelled particles, the symmetries governing the interactions, and the possibility of bound pairs of particles. Finally we show how the collective hydrodynamics of a suspension can be qualitatively altered by the particles' shapes. The asymmetric responses discussed here are broadly relevant also for swimming propulsion of active micron-scale objects such as microorganisms.
description: 60 pages, 17 figures. replaced preprint version with the version accepted for publication
On Free Field Realizations of Strings in BTZ
Creators: name: Hemming, Samuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss realizations of the SL(2,R) current algebra in the hyperbolic basis using free scalar fields. It has been previously shown by Satoh how such a realization can be used to describe the principal continuous representations of SL(2,R). We extend this work by introducing another realization that corresponds to the principal discrete representations of SL(2,R). We show that in these realizations spectral flow can be interpreted as twisting of a free scalar field. Finally, we discuss how these realizations can be obtained from the BTZ Lagrangian.
description: 11 pages, latex; references added, email address changed
AN ALGORITHM FOR THE COMPUTATION OF POSTERIOR MOMENTS AND DENSITIES USING SIMPLE IMPORTANCE SAMPLING
Creators: name: Van Dijk, H. K.
name: Hop, J. P.
name: Louter, A. S.
name: Van Dijk, H. K.
name: Hop, J. P.
name: Louter, A. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In earlier work (van Dijk (1984, Chapter 3)) one of the authors discussed the use of Monte Carlo integration methods for the computation of the multivariate integrals that are defined in the posterior moments and the liosterior densities of the parameters of interest of econometric models. In the present paper we describe the computational steps of one Monte Carlo method, mentioned In that work, which is known in the literature as importance sampling. Further, we have prepared a set of standard programs, which may be used for the implementation of a simple case of importance sampling. The computer programs have been written in Fortran.
Hidden symmetries generate rigid folding mechanisms in periodic origami
Creators: name: McInerney, James
name: Chen, Bryan Gin-ge
name: Theran, Louis
name: Santangelo, Christian
name: Rocklin, Zeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the zero-energy deformations of periodic origami sheets with generic crease patterns. Using a mapping from the linear folding motions of such sheets to force-bearing modes in conjunction with the Maxwell-Calladine index theorem we derive a relation between the number of linear folding motions and the number of rigid body modes that depends only on the average coordination number of the origami's vertices. This supports the recent result by Tachi which shows periodic origami sheets with triangular faces exhibit two-dimensional spaces of rigidly foldable cylindrical configurations. We also find, through analytical calculation and numerical simulation, branching of this configuration space from the flat state due to geometric compatibility constraints that prohibit finite Gaussian curvature. The same counting argument leads to pairing of spatially varying modes at opposite wavenumber in triangulated origami, preventing topological polarization but permitting a family of zero energy deformations in the bulk that may be used to reconfigure the origami sheet.
Daily stressor-related negative mood and its associations with flourishing and daily curiosity
Creators: name: Drake, Alexandra
name: Doré, Bruce P.
name: Falk, Emily B.
name: Zurn, Perry
name: Bassett, Danielle S.
name: Lydon-Staley, David M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There are pronounced individual differences in the extent to which affective responses are associated with daily stressor exposure. These individual differences have implications for health and well-being. We use 21 days of daily diary data in 167 participants (mean age = 25.37, SD = 7.34; 81.44% women) and test (1) the moderating effect of flourishing on daily stressor-related negative mood and (2) the moderating effect of daily curiosity on daily stressor-related negative mood. Results indicate that people high in flourishing show lower stressor-related negative mood and that stressor-related negative mood is higher than usual on days of lower than usual curiosity. Together, these findings extend a large body of work indicating associations between stressor-related negative mood and both psychopathology and poor physical health to trait and state markers of well-being.
Neck adipose tissue accumulation is associated with higher overall and central adiposity, a higher cardiometabolic risk, and a pro-inflammatory profile in young adults
Creators: name: Téllez, María José Arias
name: Manzano, Francisco Miguel Acosta
name: Garcia-Rivero, Yolanda
name: Pascual-Gamarra, Jose Miguel
name: Ramírez, Elisa Merchán
name: Martinez-Tellez, Borja
name: Analiza M. Silva
name: Lopez, Julio Almansa
name: Llamas-Elvira, Jose M.
name: Jonatan R. Ruiz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supporting Information of the paper:
Neck adipose tissue accumulation is associated with higher overall and central adiposity, a higher cardiometabolic risk, and a pro-inflammatory profile in young adults
Series representation; Pade' approximants and critical behavior in QCD at nonzero T and $mu_B$
Creators: name: Lombardo, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the analytic continuation beyond $μ/T \simeq 1$ in QCD at nonzero T and $μ$ by use of the Pade' approximants. The slope of the critical line obtained in this way increases at large $μ$ with respect to the second order Taylor result.In the hot phase Pade' and Taylor approximants coincide, suggesting a very large, and possibly infinite, radius of convergence of the Taylor series in this thermodynamic region.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; contributed talk at Lattice 2005, Non-zero temperature and density
Leaving bads provides better outcome than approaching goods in a social dilemma
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhilong
name: Chen, Xiaojie
name: Szolnoki, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Individual migration has been regarded as an important factor for the evolution of cooperation in mobile populations. Motivations of migration, however, can be largely divergent: one is highly frustrated by the vicinity of an exploiter or defector, while other enthusiastically searches cooperator mates. Albeit both extreme attitudes are observed in human behavior, but their specific impacts on wellbeing remained unexplored. In this work, we propose an orientation-driven migration approach for mobile individuals in combination with the mentioned migration preferences and study their roles in the cooperation level in a two-dimensional public goods game. We find that cooperation can be greatly promoted when individuals are more inclined to escape away from their defective neighbors. On the contrary, cooperation cannot be effectively maintained when individuals are more motivated to approach their cooperative neighbors. In addition, compared with random migration, movement by leaving defectors can promote cooperation more effectively. By means of theoretical analysis and numerical calculations, we further find that when individuals only choose to escape away from their defective neighbors, the average distance between cooperators and defectors can be enlarged, hence the natural invasion of defection can be efficiently blocked. Our work, thus, provides further insight on how different migration preferences influence the evolution of cooperation in the unified framework of spatially social games.
title: Social  perceiving Syrian refugees on the background of social  perceiving different national groups  in Poland and in Turkey
Creators: name: Nawrocka, Joanna
name: Marek, Helena
name: Amac, Zeynel
name: BURAK, DURMUŞ
Publisher: name: Social Studies: Theory and Practice, 2 (2021)
Year: 2022

description: The exodus of people from Syria, Iraq, Libya and other countries has been seen for a few years. Refugees are usually estimated within stereotyping processes and by the means of stereotype contents. Psychological researches show different forms of prejudices, bias tendencies and stereotypes that influence social perceiving and group processes. The researches also show some changes in the stereotype contents. The changes are possible because stereotype prevalence is based on some cognitive strategies. Individuals maintain stereotypical beliefs by up-to-dating their contents, subtyping, masked forms of prejudices and stereotype content model. In spite of numerable educational programs stereotyping processes and stereotypes have not been weakened since individuals use stereotypes in order to legitimize social systems and to retain submissive groups in the subordinating position. As stereotyping processes result in excluding out-groups and destroying interpersonal relations it is interesting to explore permeating of stereotypes and the changes stereotype contents.
          The main paper problems are: How are the refugees perceived and how the dominant social groups justify excluding refugees (women and men) in the social world? Knowing that no-one is free from stereotyping processes and prejudices we would like to present and discuss the findings of these social cognition researches. The whole research employed W-Kendall, factor and correlation analyses, and the gender and the age variables were controlled.
Neck adipose tissue accumulation is related to a higher overall and central adiposity, cardiometabolic risk, and a pro-inflammatory profile in adults
Creators: name: Téllez, María José Arias
name: Manzano, Francisco Miguel Acosta
name: Garcia-Rivero, Yolanda
name: Pascual-Gamarra, Jose Miguel
name: Ramírez, Elisa Merchán
name: Martinez-Tellez, Borja
name: Analiza M. Silva
name: Lopez, Julio Almansa
name: Llamas-Elvira, Jose M.
name: Jonatan R. Ruiz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supporting Information of the paper submitted to JCEM entitled: Neck adipose tissue accumulation is related to a higher overall and central adiposity, cardiometabolic risk, and a pro-inflammatory profile in adults
Numerical issues in maximum likelihood parameter estimation for Gaussian process interpolation
Creators: name: Basak, Subhasish
name: Petit, Sébastien
name: Bect, Julien
name: Vazquez, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Talk given on March 10, 2021, at the Data-Centric Engineering (DCE) reading group, Alan Turing Institute.
Daily stressor-related negative mood and its associations with flourishing and daily curiosity
Creators: name: Drake, Alexandra
name: Doré, Bruce P.
name: Falk, Emily B.
name: Zurn, Perry
name: Bassett, Danielle S.
name: Lydon-Staley, David M.
Publisher: name: Journal of Happiness Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: There are pronounced individual differences in the extent to which affective responses are associated with daily stressor exposure. These individual differences have implications for health and well-being. We use 21 days of daily diary data in 167 participants (mean age = 25.37, SD = 7.34; 81.44% women) and test (1) the moderating effect of flourishing on daily stressor-related negative mood and (2) the moderating effect of daily curiosity on daily stressor-related negative mood. Results indicate that people high in flourishing show lower stressor-related negative mood and that stressor-related negative mood is higher than usual on days of lower than usual curiosity. Together, these findings extend a large body of work indicating associations between stressor-related negative mood and both psychopathology and poor physical health to trait and state markers of well-being.
Photonic crystal fiber with a hybrid honeycomb cladding
Creators: name: Mortensen, N. A.
name: Nielsen, M. D.
name: Folkenberg, J. R.
name: Jakobsen, C.
name: Simonsen, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an air-silica honeycomb lattice and demonstrate a new approach to the formation of a core defect. Typically, a high or low-index core is formed by adding a high-index region or an additional air-hole (or other low-index material) to the lattice, but here we discuss how a core defect can be formed by manipulating the cladding region rather than the core region itself. Germanium-doping of the honeycomb lattice has recently been suggested for the formation of a photonic band-gap guiding silica-core and here we experimentally demonstrate how an index-guiding silica-core can be formed by fluorine-doping of the honeycomb lattice.
description: 5 pages including 3 figures. Accepted for Optics Express
Water pool management in relation to mosquito abundance and control methods at the University of British Columbia
Creators: name: Lindsay, Aidan
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: A study conducted at the University of British Columbia examined the effects of vegetation, chlorination, aeration, and presence of fish, on species abundance in relation to mosquitoes, in ten difference water pools around campus. Floating vegetation was associated with an increased abundance of mosquito non-predatory species (p=0.01), emergent vegetation was associated with an increased abundance of predatory species (p=0.01), and submerged vegetation was associated with an increased abundance of mosquito non-predatory (p=0.02) and predatory species (p<0.01). Presence of chlorination significantly reduced the overall species abundance, both non-predatory (p=0.02) and predatory species(p<0.01), aeration was shown to reduce predatory species abundance (p=0.05) and the presence of fish was associated with a reduced abundance of non-predatory species (p=0.01) and increased abundance of predatory species (p=0.02). Based on these results and other studies a number of recommendations have been made for effective development and maintenance of water pools on campus. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Towards food supply chain resilience to environmental shocks
Creators: name: Davis, Kyle Frankel
name: Downs, Shauna
name: Gephart, Jessica
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Environmental variability and shock events can be propagated or attenuated along food supply chains by various economic, political and infrastructural factors. Understanding these processes is central to reducing risks associated with periodic food shortages, price spikes and reductions in food quality. Here we perform a scoping review of the literature to examine entry points for environmental variability along the food supply chain, the evidence of propagation or attenuation of this variability, and the food items and types of shock that have been studied. We find that research on food supply shocks has primarily focused on maize, rice and wheat, on agricultural production and on extreme rainfall and temperatures—indicating the need to expand research into the full food basket, diverse sources of environmental variability and the links connecting food production to consumption and nutrition. Insights from this new knowledge can inform key responses—at the level of an individual (for example, substituting foods), a company (for example, switching sources) or a government (for example, strategic reserves)—for coping with disruptions.