cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SUSSESSION IN AGRICULTURE: A PROBIT AND COMPETING RISK ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Tietje, Hendrik
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Tietje, Hendrik
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The present study examines family and farm characteristics affecting the choice and the timing of intergenerational farm transfers. Using survey data which are linked to accounting data for 272 farms in Northern Germany, we use a probit approach to examine whether specific farm and family characteristics are related to the likelihood of succession within a given period. We go beyond the existing literature by applying a competing risk approach to study the process and thus the timing, respectively of the two competing events succession or exit from farming. We find that farm characteristics significantly influence succession considerations to the extent that they affect the value of the farm for the potential successor.
The evaluation of Oracle, FileMaker Pro and Q&A as possible database solutions for the information-handling requirements of a clinical trials supply unit
Creators: name: Patel, Vina
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The evaluation of Oracle, FileMaker Pro and Q&A as possible database solutions for the information-handling requirements of a clinical trials supply unit
THE FARM DIVERSIFICATION DISCOUNT
Creators: name: Katchova, Ani L.
name: Katchova, Ani L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This paper examines the effect of diversification on farm value by comparing values of diversified farms to a portfolio of comparable specialized farms. Using data from the Agricultural Resource Management Study, this study finds a diversification discount in agriculture similar to the discount found for corporate firms. The results show that diversified crop/livestock farms have a value loss of 5.8% in comparison with specialized crop or livestock farms for 1999-2001. Farms with commodity diversification have a value loss of 9.4% in comparison with commodity specialized farms. The results also show that the value loss due to diversification is larger for leveraged farms.
Photons in gapless color-flavor-locked quark matter
Creators: name: Alford, Mark
name: Wang, Qinghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Debye and Meissner masses of a gauge boson in a material consisting of two species of massless fermions that form a condensate of Cooper pairs. We perform the calculation as a function of temperature, for the cases of neutral Cooper pairs and charged Cooper pairs, and for a range of parameters including gapped quaisparticles, and ungapped quasiparticles with both quadratic and linear dispersion relations at low energy. Our results are relevant to the behavior of photons and gluons in the gapless color-flavor-locked phase of quark matter. We find that the photon's Meissner mass vanishes, and the Debye mass shows a non-monotonic temperature dependence, and at temperatures of order the pairing gap it drops to a minimum value of order sqrt(alpha) times the quark chemical potential. We confirm previous claims that at zero temperature an imaginary Meissner mass can arise from a charged gapless condensate, and we find that at finite temperature this can also occur for a gapped condensate.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX; expanded discussion of temperature dependence
Constructor Theory as Process Theory
Creators: name: Gogioso, Stefano
name: Wang-Maścianica, Vincent
name: Waseem, Muhammad Hamza
name: Scandolo, Carlo Maria
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constructor theory is a meta-theoretic approach that seeks to characterise concrete theories of physics in terms of the (im)possibility to implement certain abstract "tasks" by means of physical processes. Process theory, on the other hand, pursues analogous characterisation goals in terms of the compositional structure of said processes, concretely presented through the lens of (symmetric monoidal) category theory. In this work, we show how to formulate fundamental notions of constructor theory within the canvas of process theory. Specifically, we exploit the functorial interplay between the symmetric monoidal structure of the category of sets and relations, where the abstract tasks live, and that of symmetric monoidal categories from physics, where concrete processes can be found to implement said tasks. Through this, we answer the question of how constructor theory relates to the broader body of process-theoretic literature, and provide the impetus for future collaborative work between the fields.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2023, arXiv:2312.08138
Author misidentification results in highly misleading citation metrics
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Farhan Rahman
name: Islam, Tofazzal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The formal comment titled “Updated science-wide author databases of standardized citation indicators” by Ioannidis et al., which provides an update to their original 2019 article that introduced scientific standardized citation metrics databases of authors, included 26 Bangladeshi scientists in the top 2% of scientists based on career-long citation impact up until 2019. However, manual curation of the database revealed 41% error of their listed Bangladeshi researchers. Here, we describe the issues and attempt to find out the reasons behind the errors. We advise caution while interpreting results from the current one published, and suggest revisiting the database to improve the accuracy of its attribution.
86 GHz SiO masers in Galactic Centre OH/IR stars
Creators: name: Messineo, M.
name: Sjouwerman, L. O.
name: Habing, H. J.
name: Omont, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on a search for 86.243 GHz SiO (J = 2 -- 1, v = 1) maser emission toward 67 OH/IR stars located near the Galactic Centre. We detected 32 spectral peaks, of which 28 correspond to SiO maser lines arising from the envelopes of these OH/IR stars. In OH/IR stars, we obtained an SiO maser detection rate of about 40%. We serendipitously detected two other lines from OH/IR stars at 86.18 GHz, which could be due to a CCS-molecule transition at 86.181 GHz or probably to an highly excited OH molecular transition at 86.178 GHz. The detection rate of 86 GHz maser emission is found to be about 60% for sources with The Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) A - E < 2.5 mag; but it drops to 25% for the reddest OH/IR stars with MSX A - E > 2.5 mag. This supports the hypothesis by Messineo et al. (2002) that the SiO masers are primarily found in relatively thinner circumstellar material.
description: 4 figures, 14 pages
Effects of a scalar fifth force on the dynamics of a charged particle as a new experimental design to test chameleon theories
Creators: name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
name: Pernot-Borràs, Martin
name: Bergé, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes the dynamics of a charge particle in a electromagnetic field in presence of a scalar fifth force. Focusing to the fifth force that would be induced by a chameleon field, the profile of which can be designed properly in the laboratory, it draws its physical effects on the cyclotron motion of a particle in a static and uniform magnetic field. The fifth force induces a drift of the trajectory that is estimated analytically and compared to numerical computations for profiles motivated by the ones of a chameleon field within two nested cylinders. The magnitude of the effect and the detectability of this drift are discussed to argue that this may offer a new experimental design to test small fifth force in the laboratory. More important, at the macroscopic level it induces a current that can in principle also be measured, and would even allow one to access the transverse profile of the scalar field within the cavity. In both cases, aligning the magnetic field with the local gravity field suppresses the effects of Newtonian gravity that would be several order larger than the ones of the fifth force otherwise and the Newtonian gravity of the cavity on the particle is also argued to be negligible. Given this insight, this experimental set-up, with its two effects -- on a single particle and at the macroscopic level -- may require attention to demonstrate its actual feasability in the laboratory.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures
Enlarging the window for radiative leptogenesis
Creators: name: Branco, G. C.
name: Felipe, R. Gonzalez
name: Joaquim, F. R.
name: Nobre, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the scenario of resonant thermal leptogenesis, in which the leptonic asymmetries are generated through renormalization group corrections induced at the leptogenesis scale. In the framework of the standard model extended by three right-handed heavy Majorana neutrinos with masses M1 = M2 << M3 at some high scale, we show that the mass splitting and CP-violating effects induced by renormalization group corrections can lead to values of the CP asymmetries large enough for a successful leptogenesis. In this scenario, the low-energy neutrino oscillation data can also be easily accommodated. The possibility of having an underlying symmetry behind the degeneracy in the right-handed neutrino mass spectrum is also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
COST EFFECTIVENESS OF NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND BUFFERS: COMPARISONS OF FOUR SPATIAL SCENARIOS
Creators: name: Bonham, John G.
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Pease, James W.
name: Bonham, John G.
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Pease, James W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Policymakers are seeking cost effective methods to reduce nutrient pollution from agriculture. Predicted costs and pollution reductions from nutrient management and buffers are evaluated under four spatial scenarios describing a watershed. Results will help policymakers evaluate alternative Best Management Practices (BMPs) for water quality protection in agriculture.
EXAMINING FOOD CONSUMPTION IN JAPAN UNDER LIFE-CYCLE HYPOTHESIS: IMPLICATION FROM CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA
Creators: name: Bittencourt, Maurício Vaz Lobo
name: Teratanavat, Ratapol P.
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Bittencourt, Maurício Vaz Lobo
name: Teratanavat, Ratapol P.
name: Chern, Wen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This study estimates a cross-sectional model through a theoretically consistent Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) to examine the economic and demographic determinants of food consumption patterns in Japan over life-cycle periods. Results show key factors that explain such behavior, including family size, number of children, lifestyle and health concern.
Sensitivity functions for space-borne gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Lu, Xiao-Yu
name: Tan, Yu-Jie
name: Shao, Cheng-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-delay interferometry is put forward to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of space-borne gravitational wave detectors by canceling the large laser phase noise with different combinations of measured data. Based on the Michelson data combination, the sensitivity function of the detector can be obtained by averaging the all-sky wave source positions. At present, there are two main methods to encode gravitational wave signal into detector. One is to adapt gravitational wave polarization angle depending on the arm orientation in the gravitational wave frame, and the other is to divide the gravitational wave signal into plus and cross polarizations in the detector frame. Although there are some attempts using the first method to provide the analytical expression of sensitivity function, only a semianalytical one could be obtained. Here, starting with the second method, we demonstrate the equivalence of both methods. First time to obtain the full analytical expression of sensitivity function, which provides a fast and accurate mean to evaluate and compare the performance of different space-borne detectors, such as LISA and TianQin.
Der römisch-katholische Ökumenismus und der ökumenische Rat der Kirchen
Creators: name: Vischer, Lukas
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 13 Nr. 3 (1964): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 13, Heft 3
A carbon and nitrogen flux model in a coastal upwelling region
Creators: name: Ianson, Debby C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An improved understanding of oceanic biogeochemical cycles is critical for predicting global climate. In coastal upwelling regions fluxes of both carbon and nitrogen are disproportionately large relative to the global ocean. This is especially true of the downward flux of organic matter that transports carbon away from the ocean surface layer causing absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide (i.e. the 'biological pump'). In addition to biologically limiting nutrients, upwelling brings inorganic carbon to the surface, potentially providing a source of carbon to the atmosphere. However, global models seldom resolve the complex, non-homogeneous coastal ocean. I have developed a carbon and nitrogen flux model for coastal upwelling regions that considers all important processes both within and below the euphotic zone over time scales of days to decades. Physical circulation is represented by six boxes, an upper and lower box for three horizontal regions: the continental shelf, slope and open ocean. Dissolved inorganic, dissolved organic and particulate organic forms of both carbon and nitrogen as well as salinity are modelled. The model is parameterized and physically forced to apply to the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. In addition, a field study during July 1998 was undertaken to complement and constrain the model. The model predicts annual primary production, net air-sea CO₂ gas exchange and net export fluxes between the open ocean and the model system under different physical forcing scenarios (including El Niño-Southern Oscillation Events). Model results suggest that coastal upwelling regions do not contribute to the oceanic sequestration of CO₂; rather, they provide a conduit for subsurface inorganic carbon to the surface ocean. There is net annual air-sea CO₂ gas influx over the shelf and slope, but it is small. In winter, subsurface waters enriched in inorganic carbon and nitrogen are mixed into the surface, causing gas evasion that almost balances the summer invasion. On the other hand, there is a large flux of inorganic carbon from the lower ocean to the surface ocean via the model system, probably leading to CO₂ outgassing offshore of the shelf. Meanwhile, fluxes of organic carbon from the model system to the open ocean are small (compared with the inorganic carbon flux), especially in the lower layer. Thus, temperate coastal upwelling regions do not operate as strong biological pumps.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT BY EUROPEAN FOOD RETAILING FIRMS INTO ASIA, EASTERN EUROPE, AND LATIN AMERICA
Creators: name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Development

description: This research determines significant characteristics that can be used to identify developing countries which are likely to receive foreign direct investment into their food retailing industry. It also tests the likelihood that a real option value exists for the investment and that there is a first-mover advantage into new markets.
Quantum process tomography and Linblad estimation of a solid state qubit
Creators: name: Howard, M.
name: Twamley, J.
name: Wittmann, C.
name: Gaebel, T.
name: Jelezko, F.
name: Wrachtrup, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an example of quantum process tomography (QPT) performed on a single solid state qubit. The qubit used is two energy levels of the triplet state in the Nitrogen-Vacancy defect in Diamond. Quantum process tomography is applied to a qubit which has been allowed to decohere for three different time periods. In each case the process is found in terms of the chi matrix representation and the affine map representation. The discrepancy between experimentally estimated process and the closest physically valid process is noted. The results of QPT performed after three different decoherence times are used to find the error generators, or Lindblad operators, for the system, using the technique introduced by Boulant et al. [N. Boulant, T.F. Havel, M.A. Pravia and D.G. Cory, Phys. Rev. A 67, 042322 (2003)].
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, IOP Style
Domain wall effects in ferromagnet-superconductor structures
Creators: name: Burmistrov, I. S.
name: Chtchelkatchev, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how domain structure of the ferromagnet in superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures may change their transport properties. We calculate the distribution of current in the superconductor induced by magnetic field of Bloch domain walls, find the ``lower critical'' magnetization of the ferromagnet that provides vortices in the superconductor.
Evidence for electronic phase separation between orbital orderings in SmVO3
Creators: name: Sage, M. H.
name: Blake, G. R.
name: Nieuwenhuys, G. J.
name: Palstra, T. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report evidence for phase coexistence of orbital orderings of different symmetry in SmVO$_3$ by high resolution X-Ray powder diffraction. The phase coexistence is triggered by an antiferromagnetic ordering of the vanadium spins near 130K, below an initial orbital ordering near 200K. The phase coexistence is the result of the intermediate ionic size of samarium coupled to exchange striction at the vanadium spin ordering.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters, supplementary material available at Physical Review Letters
Status-Quo-Bias and Voluntary Contributions: Can Lab Experiments Parallel Real World Outcomes for Generic Advertising?
Creators: name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Schulze, William D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Many commodities have programs assessing producers for generic advertising. Ads such as "Got Milk?" and the "Incredible Edible Egg" are a public good for producers. Most of these programs originally used the Voluntary Contribution Mechanism, but have now become mandatory because of free-riding. This research simulates both the economic and psychological details of the egg industry in experiments that produce strikingly realistic results. Because mandatory programs have recently been declared unconstitutional, we also the test the Provision Point Mechanism and show that observed low levels of free-riding for both mechanisms are the result of status quo bias.
Light propagation in the field of the N-body system and the application in the TianQin mission
Creators: name: Qin, Cheng-Gang
name: Tan, Yu-Jie
name: Chen, Ya-Fen
name: Shao, Cheng-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the high-precision modern space mission, a precise relativistic modeling of observations is required. By solving the eikonal equation with the post-Newtonian approximation, the light propagation is determined by the iterative method in the gravitational field of an isolated, gravitationally bound N-body system. Different from the traditional $N$ bodies that are independent with each other in the system, our system includes the velocities, accelerations, gravitational interactions and tidal deformations of the gravitational bodies. The light delays of these factors then are precisely determined by the analytical solutions. These delays are significant and are likely to reach a detectable level for the \emph{strong} gravitational fields, such as binary pulsars and some gravitational wave sources. The result's application in the vicinity of the Earth provides a relativistic framework for modern space missions. From the relativistic analysis in the TianQin mission, we find the possible tests for the alternative gravitational theories, such as a possible determination for the post-Newtonian parameter $γ$ in the level of some scalar-tensor theories of gravity.
Detecting Galactic Binaries with LISA
Creators: name: Cornish, Neil J.
name: Porter, Edward K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main sources of gravitational waves for the LISA space-borne interferometer are galactic binary systems. The waveforms for these sources are represented by eight parameters, of which four are extrinsic, and four are intrinsic to the system. Geometrically, these signals exist in an 8-d parameter space. By calculating the metric tensor on this space, we calculate the number of templates needed to search for such sources. We show in this study that below a particular monochromatic frequency, we can ignore one of the intrinsic parameters and search over a 7-d space. Beyond this frequency, we have a sudden change in dimensionality of the parameter space from 7 to 8 dimensions, which results in a change in the scaling of the growth of template number as a function of monochromatic frequency.
description: 7 pages-2 figures. One figure added and typos corrected. Accepted for the proceedings of GWDAW 9, special edition of Classical and Quantum Gravity
Immunoinformatics driven construction of multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Ascaris lumbricoides using its entire immunogenic epitopes
Creators: name: Kaur, Rimanpreet
name: Arora, Naina
name: Rawat, Suraj Singh
name: Keshri, Anand Kumar
name: Singh, Neha
name: Show, Sumit Kumar
name: Kumar, Pramod
name: Mishra, Amit
name: Prasad, Amit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Ascaris lumbricoides infects 80 million people per year, causing malnutrition, stunted growth of children etc., but there is no vaccine available against it. We aimed to design a multimeric-subunit vaccine using comprehensive immunoinformatic approach. The T and B cell epitopes were shortlisted on antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity from proteome data and joined with appropriate linkers. The physical characteristics of vaccine candidate was calculated and docking/molecular dynamic simulation performed to validate its robustness. The multimeric protein was codon optimized and in-silico cloned in pET28b. From the 23,604 proteins of Ascaris, we filtered based on epitope prediction, localization, antigenicity, and allergenicity. Prepared a vaccine of 534 amino acid long, 56.31 kD weight and pI 4.52. Physiochemical features showed it is soluble, highly antigenic and non-allergenic. Its tertiary structure was forecasted, certified, and refined. The immunoinformatic simulation studies showed it to be potent T and B cell stimulator. We identified highly antigenic peptides of Ascaris from its proteome with good potential to induce innate as well as humoral immune response. These peptides were used to design a chimeric vaccine against Ascariasis infection, which can be used for prophylactic purpose but needs experimental and clinical validation.
EXPLAINING RURAL-URBAN EARNINGS DIFFERENTIALS IN THE U.S.
Creators: name: Rhoades, Douglas
name: Renkow, Mitch
name: Rhoades, Douglas
name: Renkow, Mitch
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The persistence and widening of the rural-urban earning gap represents a continuing empirical puzzle. Using county-level data, we estimate a fixed-effects empirical model of earnings response that differentiates the impacts of schooling, unemployment shocks and macroeconomic forces on per capita earnings of rural and urban communities across the U.S.
Non-Critical Superstrings from Four-Dimensional Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Bertoldi, Gaetano
name: Dorey, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study large-N double-scaling limits of U(N) gauge theories in four dimensions. We focus on theories in a partially confining phase where an abelian subgroup $\hat{G}$ of the gauge group remains unconfined. Double-scaling is defined near critical points in the parameter/moduli space where states charged under $\hat{G}$ become massless. In specific cases, we present evidence that the double-scaled theory is dual to a non-critical superstring background. Models studied include the $β$-deformation of ${\cal N}=4$ SUSY Yang-Mills which leads to a non-critical string theory with sixteen supercharges. We also study ${\cal N}=1$ SUSY Yang-Mills theory coupled to a single chiral superfield with a polynomial superpotential which leads to a related string theory with eight supercharges. In both cases the string coupling is small and the background is free from Ramond-Ramond flux.
description: 75 pages, 5 figures
LIMITED ACCESS AND VESSEL HETEROGENEITY IN ATLANTIC PELAGIC FISHERIES: EVALUATING DRAFT AMENDMENT 1 OF THE ATLANTIC SWORDFISH FMP
Creators: name: Lee, Donna J.
name: Larkin, Sherry L.
name: Adams, Charles M.
name: Lee, Donna J.
name: Larkin, Sherry L.
name: Adams, Charles M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Overcapitalization in the U.S. Atlantic Swordfish fishery has led to a proposed limited access system. A bioeconomic programming model was developed to evaluate the propsed program under various assumptions regarding fleet heterogeneity and composition. Results indicate that regulations based on more realistic assumptions will lead to higher industry profits.
ADF & TransApp: A Transformer-Based Framework for Appliance Detection Using Smart Meter Consumption Series
Creators: name: Petralia, Adrien
name: Charpentier, Philippe
name: Palpanas, Themis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past decade, millions of smart meters have been installed by electricity suppliers worldwide, allowing them to collect a large amount of electricity consumption data, albeit sampled at a low frequency (one point every 30min). One of the important challenges these suppliers face is how to utilize these data to detect the presence/absence of different appliances in the customers' households. This valuable information can help them provide personalized offers and recommendations to help customers towards the energy transition. Appliance detection can be cast as a time series classification problem. However, the large amount of data combined with the long and variable length of the consumption series pose challenges when training a classifier. In this paper, we propose ADF, a framework that uses subsequences of a client consumption series to detect the presence/absence of appliances. We also introduce TransApp, a Transformer-based time series classifier that is first pretrained in a self-supervised way to enhance its performance on appliance detection tasks. We test our approach on two real datasets, including a publicly available one. The experimental results with two large real datasets show that the proposed approach outperforms current solutions, including state-of-the-art time series classifiers applied to appliance detection. This paper appeared in VLDB 2024.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. This paper appeared in VLDB 2024
The Outer Cluster System of NGC 1399: Preliminary Results
Creators: name: Schuberth, Y.
name: Richtler, T.
name: Dirsch, B.
name: Hilker, M.
name: Larsen, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results of our dynamical study of the outer globular cluster system of NGC 1399, the central galaxy in the Fornax Cluster. About 160 new radial velocities for globular clusters at projected galactocentric distances between 8 and 18 arcminutes indicate that the constant velocity dispersion of 276 km/s (for all clusters) already found for the inner region can be traced out to 80 kpc. We find that the kinematical properties of the blue (metal-poor) and the red (metal-rich) globular cluster subpopulations appear to be different: While the velocity distribution of the red clusters is symmetric with respect to the systemic velocity of NGC 1399, the blue clusters show a somewhat asymmetric distribution, with more velocities above the systemic velocity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the PoS (published by SISSA), Conference "Baryons in Dark Matter Halos", Novigrad, Croatia, 5-9 October 2004, eds. R-J. Dettmar, U. Klein, P. Salucci
DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-7AA: "LOCATION DECISIONS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH"
Creators: name: Kilkenny, Maureen
name: Kilkenny, Maureen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Rural decision makers use taxes and other resources to encourage growth. The session begins with an evaluation of rural employment patterns, then evaluates three economic development policy levers. Moderator: Daniel Rainey, Clemson University. Rural Employment Growth in the "New Economy:" A Test of the Spatial Division of Labor Hypothesis Timothy Wojan, University of Kentucky. Relationship of Non-Basic Sector Employment Growth and the Gaming Sector Thomas Harris and Rangesan Narayanan, University of Reno-Nevada. Location Decisions of Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Firms: Estimating the Potential Impact of Electric Utilities Deregulation Stephan Goetz, University of Kentucky. A Self-Selection Model for Local and Regional Economic Development Programs Todd Gabe and David Kraybill, The Ohio State University.
Angle-Equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks for Interference Mitigation in Automotive Radar
Creators: name: Oswald, Christian
name: Toth, Mate
name: Meissner, Paul
name: Pernkopf, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In automotive applications, frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is an established technology to determine the distance, velocity and angle of objects in the vicinity of the vehicle. The quality of predictions might be seriously impaired if mutual interference between radar sensors occurs. Previous work processes data from the entire receiver array in parallel to increase interference mitigation quality using neural networks (NNs). However, these architectures do not generalize well across different angles of arrival (AoAs) of interferences and objects. In this paper we introduce fully convolutional neural network (CNN) with rank-three convolutions which is able to transfer learned patterns between different AoAs. Our proposed architecture outperforms previous work while having higher robustness and a lower number of trainable parameters. We evaluate our network on a diverse data set and demonstrate its angle equivariance.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
VETERINARY STANDARDS AS BARRIERS TO TRADE: THE CASE OF POULTRY TRADE BETWEEN THE U.S. AND THE EU
Creators: name: Xia, Tian
name: Weyerbrock, Silvia
name: Xia, Tian
name: Weyerbrock, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The EU banned U.S. poultry meat imports because it considers U.S. veterinary regulations unsatisfactory. We develop a model of the EU and world poultry markets. We find that the import ban causes a 2.44% increase and a 0.44% decrease in the EU and world price respectively.
POLICY RISK: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF A MARKET FOR A GOVERNMENT-CREATED ASSET
Creators: name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Wilson, Norbert L.W.
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Wilson, Norbert L.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper investigates the California dairy quota. The quota rate of return has been relatively high. The variability of returns is high relative to government bonds but not relative to the S&P500. Most of the returns are from monthly dividends, but most of the variability is from the capital gains.
Antibody response to the first dose of AZD1222 vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent and uninfected individuals in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Jamiruddin, Mohd. Raeed
name: Haq, Md. Ahsanul
name: Khondoker, Mohib Ullah
name: Ali, Tamanna
name: Ahmed, Firoz
name: Khandker, Shahad Saif
name: Jawad, Irfan
name: Hossain, Md. Rubel
name: Ahmed, Sohel
name: Rahman, Sabita Rezwana
name: Mustafi, Mamun
name: Kaitsuka, Taku
name: Mie, Masayasu
name: Tomizawa, Kazuhito
name: Kobatake, Eiry
name: Haque, Mainul
name: Adnan, Nihad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Vaccination with the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222) initially started in the UK and quickly implemented around the Globe, including Bangladesh. Up to date, more than nine million doses administrated to the Bangladeshi public. Herein, we studied the antibody response to the first dose of AZD1222 in 86 Bangladeshi individuals using in-house ELISA kits. Study subjects were categorized into two groups, convalescent and uninfected, based on prior infection history and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-IgG profiles. All the convalescent individuals presented elevated spike-1-IgG compared to 90% of uninfected ones after the first dose. Day >28 post-vaccination, the convalescent group showed six times higher antibody titer than the uninfected ones. The most elevated antibody titers for the former and later group were found at Day 14 and Days >28 post-vaccination, respectively. The spike-1-IgA titer showed a similar pattern as spike-1-IgG, although in a low-titer. In contrast, the IgM titer did not show any significant change in either group. High antibody titer in the convalescent group, signify the importance of the first dose among the uninfected group. This study advocates the integration of antibody tests in vaccination programs in the healthcare system for maximizing benefit.
Improving Deep Generative Modeling with Practical Applications
Creators: name: Dai, Zihang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4602
subject: Artificial intelligence
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: At the core of unsupervised learning, probabilistic generative models provide a systematic framework to understanding real world data from various domains in a probabilistic manner. Among many possible desiderata of generative models, density estimation, data generation, and representation learning are widely regarded as the three most wanted properties, whose advancement not only bears important theoretical values but can also lead to a breakthrough for practical applications. In recent years, with the rapid development of deep neural networks and computational hardware, the field of deep generative models has witnessed dramatic advancements in all three aspects, significantly outperforming traditional generative models. Despite the success, existing neural architectures and training objectives are still subject to certain fundamental drawbacks. With these challenges in mind, this thesis focuses on developing novel neural architectures and training objectives that are highly expressive, allow for efficient optimization, and can scale to a large amount of data for generative modeling. Notably, to better exploit the optimization advantage of Transformer to capture long-term dependency, we propose Transformer-XL, which integrates segment-level recurrence into self-attention without disrupting the temporal coherence. Further, to combine the benefits of autoregressive and denoising auto-encoding based language pretraining, we propose XLNet, which relies on a permutation language modeling objective to maximize the expected log-likelihood of a sequence w.r.t. all possible permutations of the factorization order and hence capture bidirectional context. By further integrating ideas from Transformer-XL, XLNet consistently outperforms previ ous best language pretraining method under the same training condition, and achieves the state-of-the-art performance when scaled up. In addition, to further exploit the effectiveness of language pretraining, we propose a more efficient self-attention architecture Funnel-Transformer, which compresses the hidden state sequence to a shorter length and hence reduces the computation cost. With sequence compression, Funnel-Transformer allows one to trade the sequential resolution of the hidden state sequence for a deeper or wider model, leading to substantial gains under the same amount of computation as measured by the FLOPs.
Generation of BIM data based on the automatic detection, identification and localization of lamps in buildings
Creators: name: Troncoso-Pastoriza, Francisco
name: Eguía-Oller, Pablo
name: Díaz-Redondo, Rebeca P.
name: Granada-Álvarez, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a method that supports the detection, identification and localization of lamps in a building, with the main goal of automatically feeding its energy model by means of Building Information Modeling (BIM) methods. The proposed method, thus, provides useful information to apply energy-saving strategies to reduce energy consumption in the building sector through the correct management of the lighting infrastructure. Based on the unique geometry and brightness of lamps and the use of only greyscale images, our methodology is able to obtain accurate results despite its low computational needs, resulting in near-real-time processing. The main novelty is that the focus of the candidate search is not over the entire image but instead only on a limited region that summarizes the specific characteristics of the lamp. The information obtained from our approach was used on the Green Building XML Schema to illustrate the automatic generation of BIM data from the results of the algorithm.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures, journal
SRNI-CAR: A comprehensive dataset for analyzing the Chinese automotive market
Creators: name: Ding, Ruixin
name: Chen, Bowei
name: Wilson, James M.
name: Yan, Zhi
name: Huang, Yufei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automotive industry plays a critical role in the global economy, and particularly important is the expanding Chinese automobile market due to its immense scale and influence. However, existing automotive sector datasets are limited in their coverage, failing to adequately consider the growing demand for more and diverse variables. This paper aims to bridge this data gap by introducing a comprehensive dataset spanning the years from 2016 to 2022, encompassing sales data, online reviews, and a wealth of information related to the Chinese automotive industry. This dataset serves as a valuable resource, significantly expanding the available data. Its impact extends to various dimensions, including improving forecasting accuracy, expanding the scope of business applications, informing policy development and regulation, and advancing academic research within the automotive sector. To illustrate the dataset's potential applications in both business and academic contexts, we present two application examples. Our developed dataset enhances our understanding of the Chinese automotive market and offers a valuable tool for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders worldwide.
GeoAI in Social Science
Creators: name: Li, Wenwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GeoAI, or geospatial artificial intelligence, is an exciting new area that leverages artificial intelligence (AI), geospatial big data, and massive computing power to solve problems with high automation and intelligence. This paper reviews the progress of AI in social science research, highlighting important advancements in using GeoAI to fill critical data and knowledge gaps. It also discusses the importance of breaking down data silos, accelerating convergence among GeoAI research methods, as well as moving GeoAI beyond geospatial benefits.
description: Artificial Intelligence; social science; deep learning; convergence; knowledge graph
Discovery of a Cool Planet of 5.5 Earth Masses Through Gravitational Microlensing
Creators: name: Beaulieu, J. -P.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Fouque, P.
name: Williams, A.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Jorgensen, U. G.
name: Kubas, D.
name: Cassan, A.
name: Coutures, C.
name: Greenhill, J.
name: Hill, K.
name: Menzies, J.
name: Sackett, P. D.
name: Albrow, M.
name: Brillant, S.
name: Caldwell, J. A. R.
name: Calitz, J. J.
name: Cook, K. H.
name: Corrales, E.
name: Desort, M.
name: Dieters, S.
name: Dominis, D.
name: Donatowicz, J.
name: Hoffman, M.
name: Kane, S.
name: Marquette, J. -B.
name: Martin, R.
name: Meintjes, P.
name: Pollard, K.
name: Sahu, K.
name: Vinter, C.
name: Wambsganss, J.
name: Woller, K.
name: Horne, K.
name: Steele, I.
name: Bramich, D.
name: Burgdorf, M.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Bode, M.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Szymanski, M.
name: Kubiak, M.
name: Wieckowski, T.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Szewczyk, O.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Paczynski, B.
name: Collaboration, the MOA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the favoured core-accretion model of formation of planetary systems, solid planetesimals accumulate to build up planetary cores, which then accrete nebular gas if they are sufficiently massive. Around M-dwarf stars (the most common stars in our Galaxy), this model favours the formation of Earth-mass to Neptune-mass planets with orbital radii of 1 to 10 astronomical units (AU), which is consistent with the small number of gas giant planets known to orbit M-dwarf host stars. More than 170 extrasolar planets have been discovered with a wide range of masses and orbital periods, but planets of Neptune's mass or less have not hitherto been detected at separations of more than 0.15 AU from normal stars. Here we report the discovery of a 5.5 (+5.5/-2.7) M_earth planetary companion at a separation of 2.6 (+1.5/-0.6) AU from a 0.22 (+0.21/-0.11) M_solar M-dwarf star. (We propose to name it OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, indicating a planetary mass companion to the lens star of the microlensing event.) The mass is lower than that of GJ876d, although the error bars overlap. Our detection suggests that such cool, sub-Neptune-mass planets may be more common than gas giant planets, as predicted by the core accretion theory.
The application of seismic techniques to hydrogeological investigations
Creators: name: Jarvis, Kevin Donald Gibson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate some new applications of seismic techniques for hydrogeological applications. A compressional-wave, surface-based, reflection seismic technique is used to map aquifer boundaries within a series of Pleistocene near-surface sediments. The interpretation uses both water wells and sequence stratigraphic concepts to identify the boundaries of new and existing aquifers. The use of the cone penetrometer is an integral part of this thesis. The seismic cone is demonstrated to be both cost-effective and reliable for the acquisition of high-quality vertical seismic profile (VSP) data. Other data from the cone, in particular the tip resistance data, are shown to be an integral link for the conversion of shear-wave velocities to values of hydraulic conductivity. Surface-based, shear-wave reflection seismic data are used to image an aquifer contained within Holocene deltaic sediments. A Bayesian inversion of the shear-wave seismic amplitudes (using cone-derived velocities) results in the generation of a two-dimensional profile of shear-wave velocity that is a direct indication of aquifer heterogeneity. Conversion of the velocity to hydraulic conductivity (using a cone-derived relationship) results in the distribution of a key hydrogeologic property within the aquifer. The results from the thesis show significant promise for improving groundwater flow models and providing new techniques for the management and protection of our groundwater resources.