cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical Properties of Mono-Dispersed AlGaN Nanowires in the Single-Prong Growth Mechanism
Creators: name: Sivadasan, A. K.
name: Patsha, Avinash
name: Polaki, S.
name: Amirthapandian, S.
name: Dhara, Sandip
name: Bhattacharya, Anirban
name: Panigrahi, B. K.
name: Tyagi, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growth of mono-dispersed AlGaN nanowires of ternary wurtzite phase is reported using chemical vapour deposition technique in the vapour-liquid-solid process. The role of distribution of Au catalyst nanoparticles on the size and the shape of AlGaN nanowires are discussed. These variations in the morphology of the nanowires are understood invoking Ostwald ripening of Au catalyst nanoparticles at high temperature followed by the effect of single and multi-prong growth mechanism. Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy is used as an evidence for the presence of Al in the as-prepared samples. A significant blue shift of the band gap, in the absence of quantum confinement effect in the nanowires with diameter about 100 nm, is used as a supportive evidence for the AlGaN alloy formation. Polarized resonance Raman spectroscopy with strong electron-phonon coupling along with optical confinement due to the dielectric contrast of nanowire with respect to that of surrounding media are adopted to understand the crystalline orientation of a single nanowire in the sub-diffraction limit of about 100 nm using 325 nm wavelength, for the first time. The results are compared with the structural analysis using high resolution transmission microscopic study.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, journal
Urban Form, Water and Green Spaces: Towards an Integrated aproach of resilient urban systems.
Creators: name: Marat-Mendes, Teresa
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Urban Planning has been engaged for a long time with a main issue: how to plan the expansion of cities. Indeed, since Ildefonso Cerdà with its ensanche for Barcelona, to Sola-Morales ‘Forms of Urban Growth’ the discipline of urban planning has not abandoned Cerdà main idea based on how to persistently expand the city. Based on a review of the different authors and theories of urban planning, that have shaped the urban history of XXth century, this presentation would like to offer a reflection on i) why did the expansion of cities theory emerged?; ii) why it is declining now?, iv) how should urban planning interpret this change?; and finally v) what contributions of these lessons can we take to improve our cities and territories and transform them in more resilient places? The main aim of this presentation is to determine why have such expanding theory emerged and why it is not working any longer. To do that it will offer an analysis of the urban metabolism of present society and relate it to the consequences generated by the implementation of the ‘expansion’ theory. Secondly, it will evaluate what does urban metabolism has to do with the urban form arrangements, people distribution within the territory, and urban infrastructures (water and green spaces in particular). This presentation exposes its analysis throughout a detailed examination of the urban planning options taken by urban planning authorities for Lisbon and its region during twentieth century, in particular in what relates to urban form, water infrastructures and green spaces. Moreover, it evaluates how society itself has assimilated the relationship of urban form, water and green spaces over time. Further evaluation of such urban planning options, in terms of urban metabolism analysis, will contribute to compare Portuguese Urban Planning approaches (in particular those followed in Lisbon and its Regional Area) against other European Cities of the time, while attempting to take some lessons of urban form versus urban resilience. Finally, this presentation argues that to transform our cities into more resilient places it is important that Urban Form should be recognized as a strategic tool to transform the current metabolic functioning of our cities. However that will only be possible when a better understanding of the integral role of urban form itself is recognized by society.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 4 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Planning and Heritage
Impact of Regular Low-Level Alcohol Consumption on Cognitive Interference and Response Inhibition: An fMRI Investigation in Young Adults
Creators: name: Hatchard, Taylor
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: fMRI
Alcohol
Executive functions

description: The purpose of the present dissertation was to shed light on the neurophysiological effect of regular consumption of low amounts of alcohol on two important aspects of executive functions, cognitive interference and response inhibition, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a sample of young adults. Participants were recruited from the Ottawa Prenatal Prospective Study (OPPS), a longitudinal study that has collected data from participants from infancy to young adulthood, which permitted control of a number of potentially confounding drug and lifestyle variables. This allowed for investigation of the unique effect of alcohol use on executive functions. The dissertation itself is comprised of two original manuscripts: the first study compared low-level alcohol users to controls on performance of the Counting Stroop, a task of cognitive interference; and the second study compared users to controls on performance of the Go/No-Go, a task of response inhibition.Although the results of both studies found no performance differences between groups, low-level alcohol users had significantly more brain activation in several regions, including areas not typically associated with task processing, compared to irregular or non-drinker controls. This difference in neurophysiology may be reflective of compensatory strategies within the brain, whereby the recruitment of additional regions may be attempting to compensate for potential underlying deficits that occur with increasing cognitive demand. While further research is needed to validate this hypothesis, the present findings highlight the vulnerability of the developing brain.
Interaction of Divalent Metals with Struvite: Sorption, Reversibility, and Implications for Mineral Recovery from Wastes
Creators: name: Goswami, Omanjana
name: Rouff, Ashaki A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Phosphorus (P) recovered from wastewater as struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) can meet high P demands in the agricultural sector by reuse as a P fertilizer. Heavy metals are prevalent in wastewaters and are common fertilizer contaminants, therefore struvite as a sorbent for metals requires evaluation. Struvite sorption experiments were conducted in model solutions with cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) at 1-5 μM concentrations from pH 7-10. The struvite metal loading increased with dissolved metal concentration and pH, ranging from 2-493 mg kg-1. Highest loadings were observed for 5 μM Pb, which exceeded the 120 mg kg-1 European Union (EU) struvite fertilizer limit at all pH values. At 5 μM concentrations, Ni and Cd loadings exceeded EU limits of 100 mg kg-1 at pH 10, and 60 mg kg-1 at pH 8-10, respectively. In desorption experiments, 10-85% metal was released after resuspension in metal-free solutions, with a positive correlation between initial loading and amount desorbed. Distortions of the struvite phosphate band, by Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, indicated lowered symmetry of phosphate vibrations with metal sorption. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) analysis of pH 9 solids indicated tetrahedral coordination for Cu and Zn, octahedral coordination for Co and Ni, and Pb in 9-fold coordination. Precipitation of Pb-phosphate minerals was a primary mechanism for Pb sorption. The results provide insight into metal contaminant sorption with struvite in wastewaters, and the potential for metal desorption after recovery.
Cell Death Signaling Complexes During Macrophage Differentiation
Creators: name: Rijal, Dikchha
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ripoptosome
Necrosome

description: Monocytes migrate to various tissues and differentiate to macrophages and mediate early control of pathogens. Various alternative pathways of cell death have been discovered which have been shown to play a key role in host survival. Herein, we investigated the impact of differentiation of monocytes to macrophages on their susceptibility to two distinct cell death inducing complexes, ripoptosome and necrosome. Our results indicate that differentiation of macrophages results in resistance to ripoptosome- but not necrosome- induced cell death. Additional experiments indicated that the resistance to ripoptosome signaling correlated with reduced caspase activation and enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic mediators XIAP and cFLIPL. Our results also reveal the contradictory roles of p38 MAPK/MK2 in stimulating (phosphorylating RipK1) or inhibiting (reducing TNF-α expression and caspase 8 activation) ripoptosome signaling. These findings reveal novel mechanistic insights that can be exploited for development of therapeutics.
Key role of asymmetric interactions in low-dimensional heat transport
Creators: name: Chen, Shunda
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Wang, Jiao
name: Zhao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the heat current autocorrelation function (HCAF) in one-dimensional, momentum-conserving lattices. In particular, we explore if there is any relation between the decaying characteristics of the HCAF and asymmetric interparticle interactions. The Lennard-Jones model is intensively investigated in view of its significance to applications. It is found that in wide ranges of parameters, the HCAF decays faster than power-law manners, and in some cases it decays even exponentially. Following the Green-Kubo formula, the fast decay of HCAF implies the convergence of heat conductivity, which is also corroborated by numerical simulations. In addition, with a comparison to the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-$β$ model of symmetric interaction, the HCAF of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-$α$-$β$ model of asymmetric interaction is also investigated. Our study suggests that, in certain ranges of parameters, the decaying behavior of the HCAF is correlated to the asymmetry degree of interaction.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Heavy Hadrons in Dense Matter
Creators: name: Tolos, Laura
name: Garcia-Recio, Carmen
name: Hidalgo-Duque, Carlos
name: Nieves, Juan
name: Romanets, Olena
name: Salcedo, Lorenzo Luis
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of dynamically-generated baryon resonances with heavy-quark content within a unitarized coupled-channel theory in matter that fulfills heavy-quark spin symmetry constraints. We analyze the implications for the formation of charmed mesic nuclei and the propagation of heavy mesons in heavy-ion collisions from RHIC to FAIR.
description: 4 pages, 1 table, 2 figures, contribution to the proceedings of Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM2015), Dubna, 6-11 July 2015
Application of filter media surface hydrophobic modification to reduce bioclogging in the infiltration system
Creators: name: Tang, Ping
name: Ma, Penghui
name: Weng, Shichao
name: Zhou, Yongchao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bioclogging is a commonly encountered operational issue that lowers hydraulic conductivity and the overall performance of the infiltration systems. In this paper, a novel processing for alleviating bioclogging by filter media surface hydrophobic modification was presented. Two-dimensional porous media cells were used to observe the influence of hydrophobic modification on biofilm growth in the pore structure. Moreover, two continuous-flow columns packed with gravel, one of which half gravel was hydrophobically modified, were operated with artificial wastewater to verify the effect of hydrophobic modification on bioclogging alleviation. The results showed that the biofilm growth in the cell with hydrophobic modification was slow, and the biomass was less and liable to wipe off after hydrophobic treatment. Meanwhile, the hydraulic efficiency of the flow seepage field was also improved after hydrophobic treatment. The column tests results showed that the hydraulic conductivity of the filter bed with hydrophobic modification (Column B) decreased more slowly than that of another without hydrophobic modification (Column A). Column B had the hydraulic conductivity (k) of 0.66 cm/s in the final stage of the experiment, while the k of Column A was 0.14 cm/s. It verified that hydrophobic modification of partial filter media can alleviate the bioclogging problem of the infiltration systems to some extent. The results provide a new idea and potential technical support for solving bioclogging problem.
Application of filter media surface hydrophobic modification to reduce bioclogging in the infiltration system
Creators: name: Tang, Ping
name: Ma, Penghui
name: Weng, Shichao
name: Zhou, Yongchao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bioclogging is a commonly encountered operational issue that lowers hydraulic conductivity and the overall performance of the infiltration systems. In this paper, a novel processing for alleviating bioclogging by filter media surface hydrophobic modification was presented. Two-dimensional porous media cells were used to observe the influence of hydrophobic modification on biofilm growth in the pore structure. Moreover, two continuous-flow columns packed with gravel, one of which half gravel was hydrophobically modified, were operated with artificial wastewater to verify the effect of hydrophobic modification on bioclogging alleviation. The results showed that the biofilm growth in the cell with hydrophobic modification was slow, and the biomass was less and liable to wipe off after hydrophobic treatment. Meanwhile, the hydraulic efficiency of the flow seepage field was also improved after hydrophobic treatment. The column tests results showed that the hydraulic conductivity of the filter bed with hydrophobic modification (Column B) decreased more slowly than that of another without hydrophobic modification (Column A). Column B had the hydraulic conductivity (k) of 0.66cm/s in the final stage of the experiment, while the k of Column A was 0.14 cm/s. It verified that hydrophobic modification of partial filter media can alleviate the bioclogging problem of the infiltration systems to some extent. The results provide a new idea and potential technical support for solving bioclogging problem.
An Investigation of Social Skill and Social Cognition in Adolescents at Genetic Risk for Psychosis
Creators: name: Marks, Clare E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Adolescents at genetic high risk (GHR) for schizophrenia have shown social skill impairments and there is some evidence to suggest they have Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits; however no research has used a standardized behavioral measure to assess social functioning in this population nor evaluated ToM with a well-validated measure. The present study used a speech performance based task and a theoretically derived coding scheme to assess social functioning and the Eyes Test to assess ToM in 23 GHR adolescents and 31 non-psychiatric controls (NPCs). The GHR adolescents showed social skills impairments, but did not demonstrate ToM deficits. The results suggest that social skills may be a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia in GHR populations.
The Historic Urban Landscape approach. Heritage and Urban Regeneration in the XXIst Century.
Creators: name: Fontanari, Enrico
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: This paper examines the reasons and the process that has led to the elaboration and adoption of a new tool for the preservation and adaptive reuse of the contemporary historic city. Urban conservation has developed mostly in the second half of the XXth century, and is now an established discipline. Urban conservators have at their disposal a system of internationally accepted principles of conservation, which is reflected in important international legal instruments such as the 1972 World Heritage Convention. Furthermore, elaborate planning frameworks are available, as well as the accumulation of an extensive body of experience over a century in different contexts. However, the system often proves to be weak and powerless in the face of the types of change that characterise our contemporary world and its urban scene. These are linked to urbanisation and environmental change, and to the shift of decision-making power from national to local governments, as well as from local to international actors in areas such as tourism, real estate or business. These forces are all pulling in different directions, leaving the urban preservation discipline often confused and in disarray, unable to take advantage of important opportunities. More than a decade of regular and systematic monitoring by UNESCO has revealed that many of the most important historic urban areas existing in Europe, Asia, Latin America and the Islamic World have lost their traditional functions and are in the process of transformation that threatens to undermine their integrity and historic, social and artistic values. Urban planners are increasingly aware of the gap between the ideal world of conservation principles and the practical reality, especially in emerging societies, and are calling for new approaches and tools to tackle the new challenges. To respond to these challenges, a new UNESCO Recommendation, a non-binding ‘soft law’, has been prepared in cooperation with a large group of international experts from all regions of the world. The Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO in November 2011, represents the first heritage-related Recommendation in 35 years adopted by this institution and can be considered as the culmination of this process. The HUL Recommendation is currently being implemented in several historic cities in the world.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 4 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Planning and Heritage
How we learn about climate change: environmental education in North Carolina
Creators: name: Apple, Carly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The research reported in this thesis examines the structure of environmental education on global climate change in North Carolina. Although the quality of public knowledge is slowly improving due to media influences, the status quo of science literacy is insufficient to understand the complexities of climate change. Understanding is a fundamental step towards engaging in more sustainable lifestyles and supporting efforts to mitigate dangerous climate change. Educators must take into account the unique challenges associated with this topic such as risk perception, prior knowledge, basic science literacy, and the role of fear when designing education tools. Museums and science centers have an opportunity to use their resources to effectively and creatively educate the public about the complexities of global climate change. Education at a young age is the best way to instill an appreciation for the environment, the nature of science, and an individual’s responsibility for a global problem.
Cross-correlations of coherent multiple Andreev reflections
Creators: name: Riwar, Roman-Pascal
name: Badiane, Driss M.
name: Houzet, Manuel
name: Meyer, Julia S.
name: Nazarov, Yuli V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Landauer-Büttiker scattering theory for electronic transport to calculate the current cross-correlations in a voltage-biased three-terminal junction with all superconducting leads. At low bias voltage, when charge transport is due to coherent multiple Andreev reflections, we find large cross-correlations compared with their normal-state value. Furthermore, depending on the parameters that characterize the properties of the scattering region between the leads, the cross-correlations can reverse their sign with respect to the case of non-interacting fermionic systems.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Contribution for the special issue of Physica E in memory of Markus B\"uttiker
On Polya's inequality for torsional rigidity and first Dirichlet eigenvalue
Creators: name: Berg, M. van den
name: Ferone, V.
name: Nitsch, C.
name: Trombetti, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J45, 49R05, 35P15, 47A75, 35J25

description: Let $Ω$ be an open set in Euclidean space with finite Lebesgue measure $|Ω|$. We obtain some properties of the set function $F:Ω\mapsto \R^+$ defined by $$ F(Ω)=\frac{T(Ω)λ_1(Ω)}{|Ω|} ,$$ where $T(Ω)$ and $λ_1(Ω)$ are the torsional rigidity and the first eigenvalue of the Dirichlet Laplacian respectively. We improve the classical Pólya bound $F(Ω)\le 1,$ and show that $$F(Ω)\le 1- ν_m T(Ω)|Ω|^{-1-\frac2m},$$ where $ν_m$ depends only on $m$. For any $m=2,3,\dots$ and $ε\in (0,1)$ we construct an open set $Ω_ε\subset \R^m$ such that $F(Ω_ε)\ge 1-ε$.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
I was doing something I didn't even think I could do: Crystal Lee Sutton and the campaign to unionize J.P. Stevens
Creators: name: Fink, Joey Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Crystal Lee Sutton played a prominent role in the labor movement's struggle to organize southern workers in the J.P. Stevens' textile mills in the 1970s. The movie Norma Rae, based on her story, vaulted her into the national spotlight. Sutton's story provides a window into how the labor movement, second-wave feminism, and the Civil Rights Movement intersected in the southern mill towns targeted by the Textile Workers Union of America. An examination of her personal papers, union records, and media coverage reveals that gendered assumptions, racial and class hierarchies, and local, intimate networks of power and knowledge structured and informed her resistance and reactions to it. Sutton provided the union with significant support as she struggled to balance the responsibilities of worker, mother, wife, and unionist. As the real Norma Rae, she negotiated with multiple institutions and people for control over the meaning of her activism.
The impact of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) design features on the transmission of viruses, including the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19): protocol for a systematic review and environmental scan
Creators: name: Thornton, Gail
name: Fleck, Brian
name: Zhong, Lexuan
name: Hartling, Lisa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: COVID-19
subject: HVAC
subject: Systematic Review Protocol
subject: Virus Transmission

description: Protocol for a systematic review and environmental scan on the impact of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) design features on the transmission of viruses, including the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19).
Hadronic contributions to electroweak observables within DPT
Creators: name: Nesterenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dispersive approach to quantum chromodynamics is applied to the assessment of hadronic contributions to electroweak observables. The employed approach merges the corresponding perturbative input with intrinsically nonperturbative constraints, which originate in the respective kinematic restrictions. The evaluated hadronic contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment and to the shift of the electromagnetic fine structure constant at the scale of Z boson mass conform with recent assessments of these quantities.
description: Talk given at 18th International QCD Conference (QCD 15), 29 June - 3 July 2015, Montpellier, France; 5 pages, 3 figures
The local counting function of operators of Dirac and Laplace type
Creators: name: Li, Liangpan
name: Strohmaier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P20, 35R01, 35Q41, 58J42

description: Let $P$ be a non-negative self-adjoint Laplace type operator acting on sections of a hermitian vector bundle over a closed Riemannian manifold. In this paper we review the close relations between various $P$-related coefficients such as the mollified spectral counting coefficients, the heat trace coefficients, the resolvent trace coefficients, the residues of the spectral zeta function as well as certain Wodzicki residues. We then use the Wodzicki residue to obtain results about the local counting function of operators of Dirac and Laplace type. In particular, we express the second term of the mollified spectral counting function of Dirac type operators in terms of geometric quantities and characterize those Dirac type operators for which this coefficient vanishes.
description: 36 pages
The Role of the Cooling Prescription for Disk Fragmentation: Numerical Convergence & Critical Cooling Parameter in Self-Gravitating Disks
Creators: name: Baehr, Hans
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protoplanetary disks fragment due to gravitational instability when there is enough mass for self-gravitation, described by the Toomre parameter, and when heat can be lost at a rate comparable to the local dynamical timescale, described by t_c=beta Omega^-1. Simulations of self-gravitating disks show that the cooling parameter has a rough critical value at beta_crit=3. When below beta_crit, gas overdensities will contract under their own gravity and fragment into bound objects while otherwise maintaining a steady state of gravitoturbulence. However, previous studies of the critical cooling parameter have found dependence on simulation resolution, indicating that the simulation of self-gravitating protoplanetary disks is not so straightforward. In particular, the simplicity of the cooling timescale t_c prevents fragments from being disrupted by pressure support as temperatures rise. We alter the cooling law so that the cooling timescale is dependent on local surface density fluctuations, a means of incorporating optical depth effects into the local cooling of an object. For lower resolution simulations, this results in a lower critical cooling parameter and a disk more stable to gravitational stresses suggesting the formation of large gas giants planets in large, cool disks is generally suppressed by more realistic cooling. At our highest resolution however, the model becomes unstable to fragmentation for cooling timescales up to beta = 10.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
A Serious Game for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Ornelas Barajas, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Serious Game
Social Skills
Tangible User Interface
Graphical User Interface
Play Therapy
LEGO-Based Therapy
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Special Education

description: In this thesis, we propose a Serious Game (SG) for children with the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that builds on the concept of LEGO®-Based Therapy that is aimed at improving social and cognitive skills. The proposed SG is composed of building blocks augmented with electronic modules that connect to a computing device that provides visual feedback. We investigate the effects of using the proposed computer SG by comparing it to a non-computer block-game during two empirical studies, one following an unstructured play approach and a second one with structured play by assigning roles to the players. For the first study, the proposed system showed an improvement in social interaction, collaborative play and exercise performance, as well as a decrease in solitary play. For the second study, the proposed system showed an improvement in social interaction, positive vocalizations and exploratory behavior. There was also a marked preference towards the proposed game. Furthermore, we perceived a decrease on the assistance needed when using the proposed system during both studies. Our results suggest that the proposed system can be a useful play therapy tool aimed for young children with ASD.
The Roles of Audience Characteristics and Journalistic Freedom in Determining News Coverage of the Affordable Care Act
Creators: name: Shumake, Katie
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: This paper investigates the determinants of news coverage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). News media have documented agenda setting and framing roles that are affected by resource constraints, characteristics of the news organization that employs journalists, journalists' personal characteristics, and audience characteristics. I conducted a survey of health policy journalists and a content analysis of eight newspapers to determine if relationships exist between journalists' choices of content, frame, and sources and journalists' personal characteristics and organizational characteristics of the news media organization that employs the journalist. I found several significant relationships in the survey and content analysis and concluded that the main drivers behind ACA news coverage were journalists' perceptions of the audience's needs or interests and journalists' perceived freedom to report and frame health stories they find important. This freedom likely results from journalists' levels of education, experience, and the requirement to cover topics other than health policy.
Gravity as the square of Yang-Mills?
Creators: name: Borsten, L.
name: Duff, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In these lectures we review how the symmetries of gravitational theories may be regarded as originating from those of "Yang-Mills squared". We begin by motivating the idea that certain aspects of gravitational theories can be captured by the product, in some sense, of two distinct Yang-Mills theories, particularly in the context of scattering amplitudes. We then introduce a concrete dictionary for the covariant fields of (super)gravity in terms of the product of two (super) Yang-Mills theories. The dictionary implies that the symmetries of each (super) Yang-Mills factor generate the symmetries of the corresponding (super)gravity theory: general covariance, $p$-form gauge invariance, local Lorentz invariance, local supersymmetry, R-symmetry and U-duality.
description: Typos fixed. 26 pages, 6 figs. Based on lectures delivered by M. J. Duff at the Richard Arnowitt Symposium. Published in the Focus Issue on gravity, supergravity and fundamental physics: the Richard Arnowitt Symposium. Chosen as Physica Scripta's Paper of the Week 01/12/2015
The instruction of youth in late Imperial Russia: vospitanie in the cadet school and classical gymnasium, 1863-1894
Creators: name: Ringlee, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: This thesis uses memoir and pedagogical literature to juxtapose the experiences of students who attended two different types of secondary school - the cadet school and the classical gymnasium - in Russia during the reigns of Alexander II (1855-1881) and Alexander III (1881-1894). It examines how students and teachers evaluated educational policies by the Ministries of War and Education during a period of reform and reaction. Seeking to train an independently minded officer and ensure loyalty to the autocratic state, the Russian Ministry of War paid great attention to providing its students with an ideal school experience centered on familial relations between teachers and students, progressive pedagogical innovations, and extracurricular activities. In contrast to the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Education viewed its students' political attitudes with suspicion and attempted to limit their exposure to radical thought through the teaching of classical languages and the classroom use of rote memorization and stern disciplinary measures. As a result of these two different approaches to secondary education, former military cadets professed loyalty to their alma maters for having provided them with an ideal schoolhouse environment and youth experience, while former civilian students decried the Ministry of Education's efforts to shape them and upheld self-education as the necessary supplement for the incomplete instruction they had received in the classroom.
Content Analysis of Violent Incidents in College Sports by Gender
Creators: name: Lancaster, Elizabeth Daniell
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: The media's coverage of sport has primarily focused on male athletes and male sports. The purpose of this study is to determine if there was a significant difference between newspaper articles published discussing a violent act in men's and women's Division I sports. Two incidents in DI women's sports and two from DI men's sports were selected from the 2009-2010 season. These included Brandon Spikes's eye-gouge, Elizabeth Lambert's hair-pulling, Brittney Griner's punch, and Brent Metcalf's push. Two coders ran a content analysis on newspapers for four months after each incident of in-game violence. Five one-way ANOVAs were run to determine if any differences were detected. Significant differences were found between the genders for gender marking, and between Brittney Griner and Elizabeth Lambert for gender typecasting, and establishing heterosexuality. No significant differences were found between any of the athletes for infantilizing and non-sports related characteristics.
A distance limited sample of massive molecular outflows
Creators: name: Maud, L. T.
name: Moore, T. J. T.
name: Lumsden, S. L.
name: Mottram, J. C.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Hoare, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed 99 mid-infrared-bright, massive young stellar objects and compact HII regions drawn from the Red MSX source (RMS) survey in the J=3$-$2 transition of $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO, using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. 89 targets are within 6 kpc of the Sun, covering a representative range of luminosities and core masses. These constitute a relatively unbiased sample of bipolar molecular outflows associated with massive star formation. Of these, 59, 17 and 13 sources (66, 19 and 15 percent) are found to have outflows, show some evidence of outflow, and have no evidence of outflow, respectively. The time-dependent parameters of the high-velocity molecular flows are calculated using a spatially variable dynamic timescale. The canonical correlations between the outflow parameters and source luminosity are recovered and shown to scale with those of low-mass sources. For coeval star formation we find the scaling is consistent with all the protostars in an embedded cluster providing the outflow force, with massive stars up to $\sim$30 M$_{\odot}$ generating outflows. Taken at face value, the results support the model of a scaled-up version of the accretion-related outflow-generation mechanism associated with discs and jets in low-mass objects with time-averaged accretion rates of $\sim$10$^{-3}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ onto the cores. However, we also suggest an alternative model, in which the molecular outflow dynamics are dominated by the entrained mass and are unrelated to the details of the acceleration mechanism. We find no evidence that outflows contribute significantly to the turbulent kinetic energy of the surrounding dense cores.
Fleeing the Nest or Staying Close? How Perceptions of Family and Place Shape the Postsecondary Enrollment of Rural Men and Women
Creators: name: Agger, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Despite reporting high educational aspirations, rural youth continue to exhibit lower college enrollment and completion rates than their urban and suburban and peers (Byun, Meece, & Irvin, 2012b; Meece et al., 2013, 2014; Snyder & Dillow, 2010). For these individuals, low educational attainment can result in financial, developmental, and health-related consequences in adulthood (Abel & Deitz, 2014; Baum, Ma, & Payea, 2013). Therefore, in an effort to understand the influences that drive postsecondary enrollment, and with the aim of improving educational and developmental outcomes, the focus of this dissertation is upon the family and residential factors that shape the college enrollment of rural youth. Data used for this research were sourced from two nationwide studies; the Rural High School Aspirations Study and the Spencer Foundation Fulfilling Dreams Follow-up Study. These data (N =3,915; 51.9% female, 68.4% White) were used to examine how familial proximal processes directly and indirectly shape the postsecondary enrollment of rural adolescents. Based on a theoretically-informed conceptual model, two mediation models and two moderated mediation models were tested within a path analytic framework. Educational aspirations and academic achievement were proposed as mediators of the relations between students’ perceptions of family and place and postsecondary enrollment. Gender was hypothesized as moderating all pathways. Consistent with a bioecological model of human development (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), results provided evidence for adolescents’ connections to family (e.g., family responsibility) and place (e.g., positive perceptions of job opportunities), both directly and indirectly (via educational aspirations and academic achievement), as predictors of postsecondary enrollment. Multiple group analyses showed that both mediation models exhibited a better fit when gender was not constrained to be equal across model parameters. There was no evidence of moderated mediation, but one gender-moderated path—the direct path between parental respect and identification and postsecondary enrollment—was conclusive. Results highlight the importance of family and place in the postsecondary trajectories of rural adolescents, as rural students seem to be adjusting their educational aspirations and academic achievement based upon their perceptions of family and place. Further, results fall in line with previous literature (Carr & Kefalas, 2009; Petrin, Schafft, & Meece, 2014), and support a possible “leavers” verses “stayers” dichotomy, where rural girls are more likely to leave the nest to pursue postsecondary education and rural boys are more likely to stay close to their home community.
Two-photon dilepton production in proton-proton collisions: two alternative approaches
Creators: name: Luszczak, Marta
name: Schafer, Wolfgang
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate different methods to incorporate the effect of photons in hard processes. We compare two different approaches used for calculating cross sections for two-photon $p p \to l^+ l^- X$ process. In one of the approaches photon is treated as a collinear parton in the proton. In the second approach recently proposed a $k_T$-factorization method is used. We discuss how results of the collinear parton model depend on the initial condition for the QCD evolution and discuss an approximate treatment where photon is excluded from the combined QCD-QED evolution. We demonstrate that it is not necessary to put photon into the evolution equation as often done recently but it is sufficient to use a simplified approach in which photon couples to quarks and antiquarks which by themselves undergo DGLAP evolution equations. We discuss sensitivity of the results to the choice of structure function parametrization and experimental cuts in the $k_T$-factorization approach. A new optimal structure function parametrization is proposed. We compare results of our calculations with recent experimental data for dilepton production and find that in most cases the contribution of the photon-photon mechanism is rather small. We discuss how to enhance the photon-photon contribution. We also compare our results to those of recent measurements of exclusive and semi-exclusive $e^+ e^-$ pair production with certain experimental data by the CMS collaboration.
Racial Matching and the mentoring relationship: A comparison study
Creators: name: Clark, Keyma
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Education

description: The purpose of this thesis is to compare the experiences of two pairs of mentor-mentee relationships in order to investigate the influence of racial matching on the mentoring relationship. I compare the mentoring experiences of two African-American male students participating in the Blue Ribbon Mentor Advocate program, a school-based mentoring program. One student had an African-American mentor, while the other had a Caucasian mentor. Mentee and mentor interviews were compared to evaluate the personal perspectives on the Blue Ribbon Mentor Advocate program and the mentoring experience. Mentees and mentors expressed overall satisfaction with the mentoring experience and positive comments on the mentoring relationship. Differences in the mentoring experience based on the race of the mentor were found. Generally, the same race mentor was better able to discuss issues of race with his mentee and being a person of color. The white mentor was focused more on education and career motivations.
A Language for the Declarative Composition of Concurrent Protocols
Creators: name: Cruz-Filipe, Luís
name: Montesi, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A recent study of bugs in real-world concurrent and distributed systems found that, while implementations of individual protocols tend to be robust, the composition of multiple protocols and its interplay with internal computation is the culprit for most errors. Multiparty Session Types and Choreographic Programming are methodologies for developing correct-by-construction concurrent and distributed software, based on global descriptions of communication flows. However, protocol composition is either limited or left unchecked. Inspired by these two methodologies, in this work we present a new language model for the safe composition of protocols, called Procedural Choreographies (PC). Protocols in PC are procedures, parameterised on the processes that enact them. Procedures define communications declaratively using global descriptions, and programs are written by invoking and composing these procedures. An implementation in terms of a process model is then mechanically synthesised, guaranteeing correctness and deadlock-freedom. We study PC in the settings of synchronous and asynchronous communications, and illustrate its expressivity with some representative examples.
Truth in Evidence: The Construction of Video Evidence in Judicial Decisions.
Creators: name: Plunkett-Latimer, Jacob
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Video
Judiciary
Social Construction

description: This study focuses on the conceptualization of video evidence as constructed by judges in their written decisions in Canadian criminal courts and the impact this conceptualization has on understandings of truth. Recent years have seen substantial developments in video recording technology and in the cultural practices that support its use. Of particular interest to this study is the mobilization of video as a means of legitimizing truth claims. Using a qualitative content analysis of 52 recent (2005-2015) Canadian criminal court decisions, this study seeks to understand the way in which judges discuss video evidence in their decisions and the impact these discussions have on discourses of truth. The results of this analysis illustrate that the features typically associated with video evidence coincide closely with specific and longstanding discourses of objectivity, reliability, and credibility that are used to evaluate competing claims in criminal courts—discourses that have traditionally been developed with reference to evaluating testimony. Judges’ adoption of these particular criteria over any others results in video achieving an eminent position in the hierarchy of evidence before the courts. The way in which judges conceptualize video evidence both reflects the historic discourses that shape the current judicial approach to video evidence and (re)creates discourses that will be relied on in future. Given the influential role of courts as official arbiters of truth, the discourses adopted by judges have important implications both within and beyond the legal system.