cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pulse shape study of the fast scintillation light emitted from xenon-doped liquid argon using silicon photomultipliers
Creators: name: Galbiati, Cristiano
name: Li, Xinran
name: Luo, Jingyu
name: Marlow, Daniel R.
name: Wang, Hanguo
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Xenon-doped liquid argon has been proposed as a good alternative to pure liquid argon in scintillation detectors. In this study, we report on the measurement of the time profile of scintillation light emitted from xenon-doped liquid argon with molar concentrations up to 1600 ppm. A compact setup has been developed for this study, with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) as the photosensor and $^{210}\mathrm{Po}$ and $^{90}\mathrm{Sr}$ as scintillation sources. An effective model based on the de-excitation processes has been developed to describe the data. The results show that xenon-doped liquid argon is a good fast scintillator and can be used in lieu of tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) in a way that preserves its capability for particle identification via pulse shape discrimination (PSD).
MPEC 2024-A99 : 2024 AG2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AG2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Understanding U.S. Farm Exits
Creators: name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: 1997 Census of Agriculture Longitudinal File
subject: farm exit
subject: farm entry
subject: farm structure
subject: farm operator characteristics
subject: farm operator life cycle

description: The rate at which U.S. farms go out of business, or exit farming, is about 9 or 10 percent per year, comparable to exit rates for nonfarm small businesses in the United States. U.S. farms have not disappeared because the rate of entry into farming is nearly as high as the exit rate. The relatively stable farm count since the 1970s reflects exits and entries essentially in balance. The probability of exit is higher for recent entrants than for older, more established farms. Farms operated by Blacks are more likely to exit than those operated by Whites, but the gap between Black and White exit probabilities has declined substantially since the 1980s. Exit probabilities differ by specialization, with beef farms less likely to exit than cash grain or hog farms.
Sir Thomas Walter Bannerman Kibble CBE
Creators: name: Duff, M. J.
name: Stelle, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Professor Tom Kibble was an internationally-renowned theoretical physicist whose contributions to theoretical physics range from the theory of elementary particles to modern early-universe cosmology. The unifying theme behind all his work is the theory of non-abelian gauge theories, the Yang-Mills extension of electromagnetism. One of Kibble's most important pieces of work in this area was his study of the symmetry-breaking mechanism whereby the force-carrying vector particles in the theory can acquire a mass accompanied by the appearance of a massive scalar boson. This idea, put forward independently by Brout and Englert, by Higgs and by Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble in 1964, and generalised by Kibble in 1967, lies at the heart of the Standard Model and all modern unified theories of fundamental particles. It was vindicated in 2012 by the discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN. According to Nobel Laureate Steven Weinberg, "Tom Kibble showed us why light is massless"; this is the fundamental basis of electromagnetism.
description: 15 pages, latex, corrections to citations; published in the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
Agricultural tariff rate quotas in the EU 1997-2002: Do developing countries enjoy quota rents?
Creators: name: Laroche Dupraz, Catherine
name: Matthews, Alan
name: Laroche Dupraz, Catherine
name: Matthews, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: tariff rate quotas
subject: quota rents
subject: developing countries

description: Tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were introduced and legitimised as a market access instrument in the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA). TRQs combine both restrictions on imports, as well as safeguarding current or preferential agricultural trade flows. When market access is restricted by a high tariff level beyond the quota, exporters that enjoy the low in-quota tariff may be able to gain a share of the quota rent. The paper analyses the implementation of 87 EU agricultural TRQs between 1997 and 2002 to examine their economic significance from the point of view of developing countries. Analysis of the database shows that TRQ trade can generate a high preference margin but that the potential rent is not so high. Moreover, this potential rent is concentrated on bananas and sugar, because TRQs are actually binding for these two commodities. More detailed analysis of these products indicates that only a few exporting countries are likely to enjoy this potential rent: Latin American countries for bananas and ACP countries for sugar. Whether developing country exporters benefit from this potential rent depends on their competitiveness relative to world market prices as well as on the market conditions which determine whether rent is collected by the exporting country or by the importer.
Nanopore-Enabled Dark-Field Digital Sensing of Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sundaresan, Vignesh
name: Bohn, Paul W.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: n this study, we use nanopore arrays as a platform for detecting and characterizing individual nanoparticles (NPs) in real time. Dark-field imaging of nanopores with dimensions smaller than the wavelength of light occurs under conditions where trans-illumination is blocked, while the scattered light propagates to the far-field, making it possible to identify nanopores. The intensity of scattering increases dramatically during insertion of AgNPs into empty nanopores, owing to their plasmonic properties. Thus, momentary occupation of a nanopore by a AgNP produces intensity transients that can be analyzed to reveal the following characteristics: (1) NP scattering intensity, which scales with the sixth power of the AgNP radius, shows a normal distribution arising from the heterogeneity in NP size, (2) the nanopore residence time of NPs, which was observed to be stochastic with no permselective effects, and (3) the frequency of AgNP capture events on a 21 × 21 nanopore array, which varies linearly with the concentration of the NPs, agreeing with the frequency calculated from theory. The lower limit of detection (LOD) for NPs was 130 fM, indicating that the measurement can be used in applications in which ultrasensitive detection is required. The results presented here provide valuable insights into the dynamics of NP transport into and out of nanopores and highlight the potential of nanopore arrays as powerful, massively parallel tools for nanoparticle characterization and detection.
Learning from Home: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Live Streaming Based Remote Education Experience in Chinese Colleges During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Chen, Zhilong
name: Cao, Hancheng
name: Deng, Yuting
name: Gao, Xuan
name: Piao, Jinghua
name: Xu, Fengli
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 global pandemic and resulted lockdown policies have forced education in nearly every country to switch from a traditional co-located paradigm to a pure online 'distance learning from home' paradigm. Lying in the center of this learning paradigm shift is the emergence and wide adoption of distance communication tools and live streaming platforms for education. Here, we present a mixed-methods study on live streaming based education experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus our analysis on Chinese higher education, carried out semi-structured interviews on 30 students, and 7 instructors from diverse colleges and disciplines, meanwhile launched a large-scale survey covering 6291 students and 1160 instructors in one leading Chinese university. Our study not only reveals important design guidelines and insights to better support current remote learning experience during the pandemic, but also provides valuable implications towards constructing future collaborative education supporting systems and experience after pandemic.
description: Zhilong Chen and Hancheng Cao contribute equally to this work; Accepted to CHI 2021
Filtration efficiency and filter resistance of nylon-6 and nylon-6/chitosan nanofibrous membranes
Creators: name: Danwanichakul, Panu
name: Duangkamol Danwanichakul
name: Adisara Yooyanyong
name: Kantika Sae-Ieo
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Filtration, Nanoparticles, Nanofibers, Electrospinning, Nylon, Chitosan

description: 1, 43, KKU Engineering Journal
Trade Liberalization in International Dairy Markets: Estimated Impacts
Creators: name: Langley, Suchada V.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Normile, Mary Anne
name: Langley, Suchada V.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Normile, Mary Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Dairy markets
subject: dairy policy
subject: trade models
subject: global liberalization

description: A partial-equilibrium, multiple-commodity, multiregion model of agricultural policy and trade is used to simulate the effects of changes in domestic and trade policy on dairy production, consumption, prices, and trade. Simulations using the ERS-Penn State Trade model analyze the effects of separately and concurrently relaxing domestic income and price supports, and import restrictions and export subsidies, with special attention to tariff-rate and milk production quotas. Modeling results indicate that liberalization would reduce world dairy product supplies and increase the value of dairy trade.
Almost every set of $N\ge d+1$ orthogonal states on $d^{\otimes n}$ is locally indistinguishable
Creators: name: Cohen, Scott M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the problem of deterministically distinguishing the state of a multipartite system, from a set of $N\ge d+1$ orthogonal states, where $d$ is the dimension of each party's subsystem. It is shown that if the set of orthogonal states is chosen at random, then there is a vanishing probability that this set will be perfectly distinguishable under the restriction that the parties use only local operations on their subsystems and classical communication amongst themselves.
description: 5 pages, no figures, comments welcome
Unzipping of a double-stranded block copolymer DNA by a periodic force
Creators: name: Yadav, Ramu Kumar
name: Kapri, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study the hysteresis in unzipping of a double stranded block copolymer DNA with $-A_n B_n-$ repeat units. Here $A$ and $B$ represent two different types of base pairs having two- and three-bonds, respectively, and $2n$ represents the number of such base pairs in a unit. The end of the DNA are subjected to a time dependent periodic force with frequency ($ω$) and amplitude ($g_0$) keeping the other end fixed. We find that the equilibrium force-temperature phase diagram for the static force is independent of the DNA sequence. For the periodic force case, the results are found to be dependent on the block copolymer DNA sequence and also on the base pair type on which the periodic force is acting. We observe hysteresis loops of various shapes and sizes and obtain the scaling of loop area both at low and high frequency regimes.
description: Published Version
Enhanced effect of temporal variation of the fine structure constant in diatomic molecules
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the relative effect of variation of the fine structure constant in microwave transitions between very close and narrow rotational-hyperfine levels may be enhanced 2-3 orders of magnitude in diatomic molecules like LaS, LaO, LuS, YbF, etc. The enhancement is a result of cancellation between the hyperfine and rotational intervals.
Classification Under Uncertainty: Data Analysis for Diagnostic Antibody Testing
Creators: name: Patrone, Paul N.
name: Kearsley, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Formulating accurate and robust classification strategies is a key challenge of developing diagnostic and antibody tests. Methods that do not explicitly account for disease prevalence and uncertainty therein can lead to significant classification errors. We present a novel method that leverages optimal decision theory to address this problem. As a preliminary step, we develop an analysis that uses an assumed prevalence and conditional probability models of diagnostic measurement outcomes to define optimal (in the sense of minimizing rates of false positives and false negatives) classification domains. Critically, we demonstrate how this strategy can be generalized to a setting in which the prevalence is unknown by either: (i) defining a third class of hold-out samples that require further testing; or (ii) using an adaptive algorithm to estimate prevalence prior to defining classification domains. We also provide examples for a recently published SARS-CoV-2 serology test and discuss how measurement uncertainty (e.g. associated with instrumentation) can be incorporated into the analysis. We find that our new strategy decreases classification error by up to a decade relative to more traditional methods based on confidence intervals. Moreover, it establishes a theoretical foundation for generalizing techniques such as receiver operating characteristics (ROC) by connecting them to the broader field of optimization.
Shipping the good beef out: EU trade liberalization to Mercosur exports
Creators: name: Ramos, Maria Priscila
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Salvatici, Luca
name: Ramos, Maria Priscila
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Mercosur
subject: European Union
subject: quality
subject: trade
subject: tariff
subject: tariff-rate quota

description: The European Union tariff schedule includes a large number of specific and composite tariffs as well as many tariff-rate quotas (TRQs), which affect the composition of imports. By altering price ratios between products with different unit values, both can generate the typical Alchian-Allen ’shipping the good apples out’ effect in foreign countries’ exports to the EU. Different patterns of trade liberalization, either through tariff reduction or an expansion in preferential-access quotas, might have different consequences for producers and consumers because of changes in the composition of trade. We illustrate the issues at stake in the beef sector, focusing on Mercosur exports to the EU. We model import demand for different qualities in the presence of a TRQ and we derive comparative statics results for changes in various policy variables.
Bäumer, Rudolf / Beyerhaus, Peter / Grünzweig, Fritz: Weg und Zeugnis
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 1
Gate-defined Quantum Point Contact in an InSb Two-dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Lei, Zijin
name: Lehner, Christian A.
name: Cheah, Erik
name: Mittag, Christopher
name: Karalic, Matija
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Ihn, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate an electrostatically defined quantum point contact in a high-mobility InSb two-dimensional electron gas. Well-defined conductance plateaus are observed, and the subband structure of the quantum point contact is extracted from finite-bias measurements. The Zeeman splitting is measured in both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields. We find an in-plane g factor $|g_{\parallel}^* | \approx$ 40. The out-of-plane g factor is measured to be $|g_{\perp}^* | \approx$ 50, which is close to the g factor in the bulk.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Earnings management and its impact on the information content of earnings and the properties of analysts forecasts
Creators: name: Pae, Jinhan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Accounting information is an integral part of the information set used by investors. However, accrual based accounting earnings are susceptible to earnings management. Investors are concerned about earnings management since earnings management can distort reported earnings and they may make decisions that they otherwise would not have made. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the impact of earnings management on the informativeness of reported earnings about firm value and analysts' forecasts. Chapter 2 develops an earnings management model and examines the impact of earnings management on income smoothing and the earnings response coefficient. Chapter 3 critically reviews the existing discretionary accrual models and discusses the measurements of earnings management and income smoothing, which are used in the subsequent empirical chapters. Chapter 4 empirically examines the impact of earnings management on the earnings response coefficient after controlling either for the smoothness of pre-managed earnings or for the smoothness of reported earnings. Firms are further decomposed into income smoothing and variance-increasing earnings management firms and the same analyses are repeated. Chapter 5 examines the impact of smoothness of reported earnings and earnings management on the equilibrium demand for analysts' services and the properties of analysts' forecasts. This thesis contributes to our understanding of the impact of earnings management on firm value and analysts' forecasts by providing empirical evidence consistent with the hypothesis that the financial market and analysts are aware of the nature of a firm's discretionary accrual policy, and use their beliefs about the firm's discretionary accrual policy in assessing firm value and deciding whether to follow the firm.
Hauschild, Wolf-Dieter / Wilkens, Erwin / Kretschmar, Georg / Lohse, Eduard: Kirchliches Jahrbuch für die Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland 1975
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 1
An Evidence-Based Regulatory Network for Control Paths in SARS-Cov-2 Risk and Severity
Creators: name: Besharati, Mohammad Reza
name: Izadi, Mohammad
name: Alireza Talebpour
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regulatory Network, SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19, Risk and Severity, T3 Hormone, Sugar, Phosphorous, Triiodothyronine, cell, Systems Biology, Model, bell pepper, turmeric, coffee, water, aging, diabetes, insuline, sugar, phosphorus, Obesity

description: An Evidence-Based Regulatory Network for Control Paths in SARS-Cov-2 Risk and Severity
Trade-distorting SPS and TBT regulations in the EU? A qualitative assessment from the market for live plants and cut flowers.
Creators: name: Drogue, Sophie
name: Gozlan, Estelle
name: Drogue, Sophie
name: Gozlan, Estelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: SPS
subject: TBT
subject: Private standards
subject: trade in ornamental products

description: Using specific estimation of ad-valorem equivalents, the paper compares sectors where observed trade flows are significantly lower than predicted flows, with sectors where a SPS/TBT measure is notified in the TRAINS database. Only three sectors are found where a significant negative coefficient matches a notified regulation. Focusing on the market for live plants and cut flowers, the paper provides a description of existing EU import requirements and discusses recent trends in relevant private standards and certification schemes. The trade-restrictiveness of EU and private standards is then assessed based on the results of a survey conducted among exporters of flowers in developing countries.
Decoherence due to contacts in ballistic nanostructures
Creators: name: Knezevic, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The active region of a ballistic nanostructure is an open quantum-mechanical system, whose nonunitary evolution (decoherence) towards a nonequilibrium steady state is determined by carrier injection from the contacts. The purpose of this paper is to provide a simple theoretical description of the contact-induced decoherence in ballistic nanostructures, which is established within the framework of the open systems theory. The active region's evolution in the presence of contacts is generally non-Markovian. However, if the contacts' energy relaxation due to electron-electron scattering is sufficiently fast, then the contacts can be considered memoryless on timescales coarsened over their energy relaxation time, and the evolution of the current-limiting active region can be considered Markovian. Therefore, we first derive a general Markovian map in the presence of a memoryless environment, by coarse-graining the exact short-time non-Markovian dynamics of an abstract open system over the environment memory-loss time, and we give the requirements for the validity of this map. We then introduce a model contact-active region interaction that describes carrier injection from the contacts for a generic two-terminal ballistic nanostructure. Starting from this model interaction and using the Markovian dynamics derived by coarse-graining over the effective memory-loss time of the contacts, we derive the formulas for the nonequilibrium steady-state distribution functions of the forward and backward propagating states in the nanostructure's active region. On the example of a double-barrier tunneling structure, the present approach yields an I-V curve with all the prominent resonant features. The relationship to the Landauer-Büttiker formalism is also discussed, as well as the inclusion of scattering.
description: Published version
Characteristic BEC scaling close to Quantum Critical Point in BaCuSi2O6
Creators: name: Sebastian, S. E.
name: Sharma, P. A.
name: Jaime, M.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Correa, V.
name: Balicas, L.
name: Kawashima, N.
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Fisher, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental determination of the phase boundary between a quantum paramagnetic state and the proposed spin Bose-Einstein condensate of triplons in the spin gap compound BaCuSi2O6. The ordering temperature is related to the proximity to a quantum critical point at the lower critical magnetic field H_c1 = 23.52 +/- 0.03T by a power law parameterized by critical exponent nu. We obtain an experimental estimate of nu = 0.63 +/- 0.03 which is in good agreement with the mean field prediction of nu = 2/3 for the 3D XY model, used to describe the Bose condensation of a 3D dilute interacting Bose gas.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; added reference
Structural Change in the Meat, Poultry, Dairy and Grain Processing Industries
Creators: name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Nguyen, Sang V.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Chambers, William
name: Nelson, Kenneth B.
name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Nguyen, Sang V.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Chambers, William
name: Nelson, Kenneth B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: structural change
subject: food processing
subject: consolidation
subject: grain processing
subject: meat slaughter
subject: dairy processing

description: Consolidation and structural changes in the food industry have had profound impacts on firms, employees, and communities in many parts of the United States. Over 1972-92, eight important food industries underwent a structural transformation in which the number of plants declined by about one-third and the number of employees needed to staff the remaining plants dropped by more than 100,000 (20 percent). The number of plants in one other industry also dropped, but that industry added jobs. Economists generally attribute structural changes such as these to rising or falling demand and shifts in technology. This report examines consolidation and structural change in meatpacking, meat processing, poultry slaughter and processing, cheese products, fluid milk, flour milling, corn milling, feed, and soybean processing. Plant size and output per employee rose sharply in all industries, and even industries with rapidly growing demand—such as soybean processing and poultry slaughter/processing—used fewer plants. These findings suggest that technological change was the major force driving structural change.
Realistic Microstructure Simulator (RMS): Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion in three-dimensional cell segmentations of microscopy images
Creators: name: Lee, Hong-Hsi
name: Fieremans, Els
name: Novikov, Dmitry S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion are commonly used as a model validation tool as they are especially suitable for generating the diffusion MRI signal in complicated tissue microgeometries. New method: Here we describe the details of implementing Monte Carlo simulations in three-dimensional (3d) voxelized segmentations of cells in microscopy images. Using the concept of the corner reflector, we largely reduce the computational load of simulating diffusion within and exchange between multiple cells. Precision is further achieved by GPU-based parallel computations. Results: Our simulation of diffusion in white matter axons segmented from a mouse brain demonstrates its value in validating biophysical models. Furthermore, we provide the theoretical background for implementing a discretized diffusion process, and consider the finite-step effects of the particle-membrane reflection and permeation events, needed for efficient simulation of interactions with irregular boundaries, spatially variable diffusion coefficient, and exchange. Comparison with existing methods: To our knowledge, this is the first Monte Carlo pipeline for MR signal simulations in a substrate composed of numerous realistic cells, accounting for their permeable and irregularly-shaped membranes. Conclusions: The proposed RMS pipeline makes it possible to achieve fast and accurate simulations of diffusion in realistic tissue microgeometry, as well as the interplay with other MR contrasts. Presently, RMS focuses on simulations of diffusion, exchange, and T1 and T2 NMR relaxation in static tissues, with a possibility to straightforwardly account for susceptibility-induced T2* effects and flow.
The Role of Policy and Industry Structure in India's Oilseed Markets
Creators: name: Persaud, Suresh Chand
name: Landes, Maurice R.
name: Persaud, Suresh Chand
name: Landes, Maurice R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: India
subject: oilseeds
subject: soybeans
subject: vegetable oil
subject: meal
subject: processing industry
subject: industry structure
subject: policy
subject: trade liberalization

description: High tariff and nontariff protection of the Indian oilseed sector imposes costs on consumers, supports an inefficient processing industry, and has led to negligible gains in oilseed output. Model-based simulations indicate that higher levels of protection would increase the burden on consumers, but do little to meet key policy goals of supporting producers and reducing import dependence. A shift to direct support of oilseed producer prices would increase output, but may be complex to implement and subject to WTO discipline. Liberalization of oilseed imports, by permitting large gains in processing efficiency, could generate a stream of benefits that would allow producers, consumers, and processors to be better off, and also improve the trade balance.
Effects of random localizing events on matter waves: formalism and examples
Creators: name: Gea-Banacloche, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formalism is introduced to describe a number of physical processes that may break down the coherence of a matter wave over a characteristic length scale l. In a second-quantized description, an appropriate master equation for a set of bosonic "modes" (such as atoms in a lattice, in a tight-binding approximation) is derived. Two kinds of "localizing processes" are discussed in some detail and shown to lead to master equations of this general form: spontaneous emission (more precisely, light scattering), and modulation by external random potentials. Some of the dynamical consequences of these processes are considered: in particular, it is shown that they generically lead to a damping of the motion of the matter-wave currents, and may also cause a "flattening" of the density distribution of a trapped condensate at rest.
description: v3; a few corrections, especially in Sections IV and V
Continuous quality inspection in hard disc drive manufacturing: A case study
Creators: name: Yupa Lorkanchanakul
name: Peerapong Triyacharoen
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Single sampling plan, Continuous sampling plan, Average outgoing quality, Average fraction inspected, Acceptance number c

description: 1, 43, KKU Engineering Journal
AMIGA: Very low environment galaxies in the local Universe
Creators: name: Verley, S.
name: Combes, F.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Leon, S.
name: Odewahn, S.
name: Bergond, G.
name: Espada, D.
name: Garcia, E.
name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Sabater, J.
name: Sulentic, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolutionary history of galaxies is thought to be strongly conditioned by the environment. In order to quantify and set limits on the role of nurture one must identify and study an isolated sample of galaxies. But it is not enough to identify a small number of the "most isolated" galaxies. We begin with 950 galaxies from the Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies (Karachentseva 1973) and reevaluate isolation using an automated star-galaxy classification procedure on large digitised POSS-I fields. We define, compare and discuss various criteria to quantify the degree of isolation for these galaxies: Karachentseva's revised criterion, local surface density computations and an estimation of the external tidal force affecting each isolated galaxy. Comparison of multi-wavelength ISM properties, in particular the H$α$ emission line, will allow us to separate the influence of the environment from the one due to the initial conditions at formation.
description: 2 pages, no figure, to be published in SF2A-2005, EdP Sciences, F. Casoli, T. Contini, J.M. Hameury and L. Pagani, editors
EU and developing countries: an analysis of preferential margins on agricultural trade flows
Creators: name: Cipollina, Maria
name: Salvatici, Luca
name: Cipollina, Maria
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The paper provides an analysis of the impact on trade of EU preferences in the agricultural sector. An explicit measure of the intensity of preference margins at the 6-digit tariff line level it is used. Moreover, the estimation framework takes into account the heterogeneity across exporters and products, as well as the potential selection bias implied by the presence of zero-trade flows. Preferences for agricultural products granted by the EU in 2004 are modeled by performing several regressions in order to compare the impact on different exporting countries and to highlight the contribution of different commodity groups. Even if the results confirm an overall positive impact of preferences on trade, significant differences emerge across products and between various exporters.
QPO as the Rosetta Stone for understanding black hole accretion
Creators: name: Abramowicz, Marek A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi periodic oscillations (QPO) seen in the X-ray fluxes of individual neutron stars and black hole sources are one of most intriguing phenomena in today's astrophysics. The QPO nature is visibly determined by super-strong Einstein's gravity. I argue here that it also profoundly depends on the MRI turbulence in accretion flows. Understanding the QPO physics may therefore guide accretion theory out of its present state of confusion.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
A psychological classification system based on child molesters' motivations
Creators: name: Paris, Faye Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Despite social and legal consequences, child molesters engage in sexual activities with children. Speculation as to why molesters choose children as their sexual partners was examined from seven perspectives: psychodynamic, attachment, three mental functions, psychopathic, physiological, learning, and third force theories. The potential causal variables suggested by these theories were coded using information from the files of 200 male adolescent and adult child molesters. Variables were analyzed using Ward's minimum variance clustering technique to develop a psychological classification system based on child molesters' motivations. Five-cluster solutions were discovered when using either the adolescent or adult child molesters' samples. Clusters from the adolescent sample were labeled: Stable (47%), Pedophilic (13%), Disturbed Conduct (15%), Psychopathic Tendencies (10%), and Dysfunctional Families (15%). The clusters from the adult sample were remarkably similar, yet there were differences. These clusters were labeled Mentally Unstable (25%), Mentally Stable (40%), Brain Damage/Head Injuries (14%), Psychopathic Tendencies (10%), and Dysfunctional Families (11%). Using a split-half test, four of the five clusters for both samples appear to be stable. Only the clusters based on psychiatric diagnoses of pedophilia were unstable when these diagnoses were eliminated from the analysis. Although validation of the five-cluster solution using contrasting variables for the adolescent sample was weak, the five-cluster solution for the adult sample was convincingly validated.
The effect of remaining SDS on protein release in later leaching steps of deproteinized natural rubber
Creators: name: Danwanichakul, Panu
name: Adisara Yooyanyong
name: Duangkamol Danwanichakul
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Deproteinization, Extraction, Natural rubber latex, Protein, SDS

description: 1, 43, KKU Engineering Journal
Tkwant: a software package for time-dependent quantum transport
Creators: name: Kloss, Thomas
name: Weston, Joseph
name: Gaury, Benoit
name: Rossignol, Benoit
name: Groth, Christoph
name: Waintal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tkwant is a Python package for the simulation of quantum nanoelectronics devices to which external time-dependent perturbations are applied. Tkwant is an extension of the Kwant package (https://kwant-project.org/) and can handle the same types of systems: discrete tight-binding-like models that consist of an arbitrary central region connected to semi-infinite electrodes. The problem is genuinely many-body even in the absence of interactions and is treated within the non-equilibrium Keldysh formalism. Examples of Tkwant applications include the propagation of plasmons generated by voltage pulses, propagation of excitations in the quantum Hall regime, spectroscopy of Majorana fermions in semiconducting nanowires, current-induced skyrmion motion in spintronic devices, multiple Andreev reflection, Floquet topological insulators, thermoelectric effects, and more. The code has been designed to be easy to use and modular. Tkwant is free software distributed under a BSD license and can be found at https://tkwant.kwant-project.org/.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, published version
Dynamical evolution of massive perturbers in realistic multi-component galaxy models I: implementation and validation
Creators: name: Bonetti, Matteo
name: Bortolas, Elisa
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Dotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies are self-gravitating structures composed by several components encompassing spherical, axial and triaxial symmetry. Although real systems feature heterogeneous components whose properties are intimately connected, semi-analytical approaches often exploit the linearity of the Poisson's equation to represent the potential and mass distribution of a multi-component galaxy as the sum of the individual components. In this work, we expand the semi-analytical framework developed in Bonetti et al. (2020) by including both a detailed implementation of the gravitational potential of exponential disc (modelled with a ${\rm sech}^2$ and an exponential vertical profile) and an accurate prescription for the dynamical friction experienced by massive perturbers in composite galaxy models featuring rotating disc structures. Such improvements allow us to evolve arbitrary orbits either within or outside the galactic disc plane. We validate the results obtained by our numerical model against public semi-analytical codes as well as full N-body simulations, finding that our model is in excellent agreement to the codes it is compared with. The ability to reproduce the relevant physical processes responsible for the evolution of massive perturber orbits and its computational efficiency make our framework perfectly suited for large parameter-space exploration studies.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Abrupt metal-insulator transition observed in VO2 thin films induced by a switching voltage pulse
Creators: name: Chae, Byung-Gyu
name: Kim, Hyun-Tak
name: Youn, Doo-Hyeb
name: Kang, Kwang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An abrupt metal-insulator transition (MIT) was observed in VO2 thin films during the application of a switching voltage pulse to two-terminal devices. Any switching pulse over a threshold voltage for the MIT of 7.1 V enabled the device material to transform efficiently from an insulator to a metal. The characteristics of the transformation were analyzed by considering both the delay time and rise time of the measured current response. The extrapolated switching time of the MIT decreased down to 9 ns as the external load resistance decreased to zero. Observation of the intrinsic switching time of the MIT in the correlated oxide films is impossible because of the inhomogeneity of the material; both the metallic state and an insulating state co-exist in the measurement volume. This indicates that the intrinsic switching time is in the order of less than a nanosecond. The high switching speed might arise from a strong correlation effect (Coulomb repulsion) between the electrons in the material.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
[Audio recording of stories]
Creators: name: Nolasquez, Roscinda
name: Hill, Jane
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cup

description: Reel labeled "Cupeño 3" -- table of contents (transcription correspondences in parentheses):

00:04 "Mukət and Təmáyəwit"
14:23 "Təmáyawit goes underground" (pp. 29-33, HillJ.001.006)
15:59 "Why Coyote Knows Everything and Steals"
18:22 song (meaningless)
18:52 "The Fox and the Buzzard" (pp. 105-120, HillJ.001.006)
23:09 "The Fox and the Rabbit" (pp. 15-23, HillJ.001.007)
25:16 "Coyote and the Crows" (pp. 49-57, HillJ.001.007)
27:53 "The Man Who Turned into a Bear" (pp. 69-89, HillJ.001.007; recording continued on HillJ.002.004)
Computing inspirals in Kerr in the adiabatic regime. I. The scalar case
Creators: name: Drasco, Steve
name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
name: Hughes, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key source for LISA will be the inspiral of compact objects into supermassive black holes. Recently Mino has shown that in the adiabatic limit, gravitational waveforms for these sources can be computed using for the radiation reaction force the gradient of one half the difference between the retarded and advanced metric perturbations. Using post-Newtonian expansions, we argue that the resulting waveforms should be sufficiently accurate for signal detection with LISA. Data-analysis templates will require higher accuracy, going beyond adiabaticity; this remains a significant challenge. We describe an explicit computational procedure for obtaining waveforms based on Mino's result, for the case of a point particle coupled to a scalar field. We derive an expression for the time-averaged time derivative of the Carter constant, and verify that the expression correctly predicts that circular orbits remain circular while evolving via radiation reaction. The derivation uses detailed properties of mode expansions, Green's functions and bound geodesic orbits in the Kerr spacetime, which we review in detail. This paper is about three quarters review and one quarter new material. The intent is to give a complete and self-contained treatment of scalar radiation reaction in the Kerr spacetime, in a single unified notation, starting with the Kerr metric and ending with formulae for the time evolution of all three constants of the motion that are sufficiently explicit to be used immediately in a numerical code.
description: 48 pages, 2 figures, submitted to CQG for a special issue on radiation reaction; final published version
Space and time from translation symmetry
Creators: name: Schwarz, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the notions of space and time in algebraic quantum field theory arise from translation symmetry if we assume asymptotic commutativity. We argue that this construction can be applied to string theory.
description: 10 pages, Essential changes and additions, in particular, in the discussion of string field theory
Measuring the Mental Functioning of Putin, Trump, and Zelenskyy,
Creators: name: Gordon, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual
Personality assessment
Political Leadership

description: History informs us that the malignant mental illness of autocratic leaders causes the worst avoidable suffering.  It is the duty of experts to educate and warn of such dangers. 

One objective way to do so is to consider a person's capacity for mature leadership by assessing: weighting evidence, insightfulness, communication skills, making rational decisions, being realistic, high stress tolerance, resiliency and adaptation, good impulse control, and healthy standards and ideals. The Psychodiagnostic Chart (PDC-2) is the assessment tool of the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM-2). The PDC-2's Mental Functioning scales were used in this study since they show a high degree of utility for measuring these mental traits and are useful for informing the voting public. 

To test the utility of the Mental Function scales we used a purposive group of 50 mental health experts to rate Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump and Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

This study demonstrated that the PDC-2's Mental Functioning scale was sensitive to both large and subtle differences in these political leaders. The Mental Functioning scale measured Volodymyr Zelenskyy with an over-all percentage of 91%. This indicates a psychologically healthy leader. Vladimir Putin’s average score was 41 % which is in the severe mental illness range. Donald Trump was rated at the 25% level of Mental Functioning or in the severe mental illness range. Putin and Trump both scored in the dangerous range in all 12 Mental Functions.
Computing the matrix fractional power with the double exponential formula
Creators: name: Tatsuoka, Fuminori
name: Sogabe, Tomohiro
name: Miyatake, Yuto
name: Kemmochi, Tomoya
name: Zhang, Shao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two quadrature-based algorithms for computing the matrix fractional power $A^α$ are presented in this paper. These algorithms are based on the double exponential (DE) formula, which is well-known for its effectiveness in computing improper integrals as well as in treating nearly arbitrary endpoint singularities. The DE formula transforms a given integral into another integral that is suited for the trapezoidal rule; in this process, the integral interval is transformed to the infinite interval. Therefore, it is necessary to truncate the infinite interval into an appropriate finite interval. In this paper, a truncation method, which is based on a truncation error analysis specialized to the computation of $A^α$, is proposed. Then, two algorithms are presented -- one computes $A^α$ with a fixed number of abscissas, and the other computes $A^α$ adaptively. Subsequently, the convergence rate of the DE formula for Hermitian positive definite matrices is analyzed. The convergence rate analysis shows that the DE formula converges faster than the Gaussian quadrature when $A$ is ill-conditioned and $α$ is a non-unit fraction. Numerical results show that our algorithms achieved the required accuracy and were faster than other algorithms in several situations.
description: The title of the manuscript was changed. The former title is "Computing the matrix fractional power based on the double exponential formula"