cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Feynman-Schwinger (world-line) representation in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
name: Tjon, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proper time path integral representation is derived explicitly for an arbitrary $n$-point amplitude in QCD. In the standard perturbation theory the formalism allows to sum up the leading subseries, e.g. yielding double-logarithm Sudakov asymptotics for form factors. Correspondence with the standard perturbation theory is established and connection to the Bern-Kosower-Strassler method is illustrated.
description: 20 pages Latex; to appear in the Michael Marinov Memorial Volume, "Multiple facets of quantization and supersymmetry", Eds. M. Olshanetsky and A. Vainshtein (World Scientific)
Early mobile phone ownership: influencing the wellbeing of girls and boys in Ireland?
Creators: name: Seraphim Dempsey
name: Lyons, Seán
name: McCoy, Selina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Children live in a technology-mediated world, and most young people use a variety of technologies in their daily lives. However, despite intense public discourse, we have little empirical evidence on how technology use impacts on children’s development across a number of psycho-social domains. Research that has been conducted tends to be largely small-scale or cross-sectional in nature and most often focused on (young) adults rather than children. Using longitudinal data on one-in-eight Irish children, we use econometric methods to test for associations between early mobile phone ownership and two measures of children’s psycho-social development between 9 and 13 years of age. We examine the Piers Harris Self-Concept Scale, reported by children, and the Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) score, completed by the primary caregiver. We find no generalised associations between early mobile phone ownership and psycho-social outcomes. However, there is evidence that associations differ by gender and across psycho-social sub-domains. We find no robust associations affecting boys, but girls who receive phones earlier fare less well in terms of their behavioural adjustment and academic self-concept scores at 13 years of age, all else being equal. Further research is needed to identify causal mechanisms and explore possible mediating effects of family/social context.
Diffusive processes in aqueous glass dissolution
Creators: name: Goût, Thomas L.
name: Misra, Sambuddha
name: Tipper, Edward T.
name: Bohlin, Madeleine S.
name: Guo, Rui
name: Farnan, Ian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/4077/4091/4094
/639/301/299/892
article

description: Abstract: High level nuclear waste is often immobilised in a borosilicate glass for disposal. However, this glass corrodes in contact with aqueous solutions. To predict radionuclide releases from wasteforms, their dissolution mechanisms must be understood. Understanding glass dissolution mechanisms presents a challenge across numerous other disciplines and many glass dissolution models still remain conflicted. Here we show that diffusion was a significant process during the later stages of dissolution of a simplified waste glass but was not evidenced during the initial stages of dissolution. The absence of measurable isotopic fractionation in solution initially supports models of congruent dissolution. However, the solution becoming isotopically lighter at later times evidences diffusive isotopic fractionation and opposes models that exclude diffusive transport as a significant mechanism. The periodically sampled isotopic methodologies outlined here provide an additional dimension with which to understand glass dissolution mechanisms beyond the usual measurement of solution concentrations and, post-process, nano-scale analysis of the altered glass.
Crystal Structures and Phase Transitions of the van-der-Waals Ferromagnet VI3
Creators: name: Doležal, Petr
name: Kratochvílová, Marie
name: Holý, Václav
name: Čermák, Petr
name: Sechovský, Vladimír
name: Dušek, Michal
name: Míšek, Martin
name: Chakraborty, Tirthankar
name: Noda, Yukio
name: Son, Suhan
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a single-crystal X-ray-diffraction study of the evolution of crystal structures of VI3 with temperature with emphasis on phase transitions are presented. Some related specific-heat and magnetization data are included. The existence of the room-temperature trigonal crystal structure R-3 (148) has been confirmed. Upon cooling, VI3 undergoes a structural phase transition to a monoclinic phase at Ts ~ 79 K. Ts is reduced in magnetic fields applied along the trigonal c-axis. When VI3 becomes ferromagnetic at TFM1 ~ 50 K, magnetostriction-induced changes of the monoclinic-structure parameters are observed. Upon further cooling, the monoclinic structure transforms into a triclinic variant at 32 K which is most likely occurring in conjunction with the previously reported transformation of the ferromagnetic structure. The observed phenomena are preliminarily attributed to strong magnetoelastic interactions.
Halo Substructure and the Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Zentner, Andrew R.
name: Bullock, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, we present the results of a semi-analytic study of CDM substructure as a function of the primordial power spectrum. We apply our method to several tilted models in the LCDM framework with n=0.85-1.1, sigma_8=0.65-1.2 when COBE normalized. We also study a more extreme, warm dark matter-like spectrum that is sharply truncated below a scale of 10^10 h^-1 Msun. We show that the mass fraction of halo substructure is not a strong function of spectral slope, so it likely will be difficult to constrain tilt using flux ratios of gravitationally lensed quasars. On the positive side, all of our CDM-type models yield projected mass fractions in good agreement with strong lensing estimates: f \sim 1.5% at M \sim 10^8 Msun. The truncated model produces a significantly smaller fraction, f \lsim 0.3%, suggesting that warm dark matter-like spectra may be distinguished from CDM spectra using lensing. We also discuss the issue of dwarf satellite abundances, with emphasis on the cosmological dependence of the map between the observed central velocity dispersion of Milky Way satellites and the maximum circular velocities of their host halos. In agreement with earlier work, we find that standard LCDM over-predicts the estimated count of Milky Way satellites at fixed Vmax by an order of magnitude, but tilted models do better because subhalos are less concentrated. Interestingly, under the assumption that dwarfs have isotropic velocity dispersion tensors, models with significantly tilted spectra (n \lsim 0.85, sigma_8 \lsim 0.7) may under-predict the number of large Milky Way satellites with Vmax \gsim 40 km/s.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Poster contribution to the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, The Emergence of Cosmic Structure
Orderly assembly underpinning built-in asymmetry in the yeast centrosome duplication cycle requires cyclin-dependent kinase
Creators: name: Geymonat, Marco
name: Peng, Qiuran
name: Guo, Zhiang
name: Yu, Zulin
name: Unruh, Jay R
name: Jaspersen, Sue L
name: Segal, Marisa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Cell Biology
spindle
polarity
asymmetric fate
gamma-tubulin
cell cycle
S. cerevisiae

description: Funder: CSC Cambridge International Scholarship
description: Asymmetric astral microtubule organization drives the polarized orientation of the S. cerevisiae mitotic spindle and primes the invariant inheritance of the old spindle pole body (SPB, the yeast centrosome) by the bud. This model has anticipated analogous centrosome asymmetries featured in self-renewing stem cell divisions. We previously implicated Spc72, the cytoplasmic receptor for the gamma-tubulin nucleation complex, as the most upstream determinant linking SPB age, functional asymmetry and fate. Here we used structured illumination microscopy and biochemical analysis to explore the asymmetric landscape of nucleation sites inherently built into the spindle pathway and under the control of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). We show that CDK enforces Spc72 asymmetric docking by phosphorylating Nud1/centriolin. Furthermore, CDK-imposed order in the construction of the new SPB promotes the correct balance of nucleation sites between the nuclear and cytoplasmic faces of the SPB. Together these contributions by CDK inherently link correct SPB morphogenesis, age and fate.
Micropagurus devaneyi McLaughlin 1986
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Micropagurus
Micropagurus devaneyi

description: Micropagurus devaneyi McLaughlin, 1986
 Micropagurus devaneyi McLaughlin, 1986: 794, figs. 3, 4 [type locality: O‘ahu; holotype: BPBM S10774; paratypes: BPBM S10775 – S10777].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. records:
 Micropagurus devaneyi McLaughlin, 1986 — Asakura 2005: 11 [type material, Maui]. — Coles, DeFelice & Eldredge 2002b: 146 [O‘ahu].
 Taxonomy. Asakura (2005)
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Shallow subtidal, 5–6 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Hall algebras and quantum symmetric pairs III: Quiver varieties
Creators: name: Lu, Ming
name: Wang, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The $\imath$quiver algebras were introduced recently by the authors to provide a Hall algebra realization of universal $\imath$quantum groups, which is a generalization of Bridgeland's Hall algebra construction for (Drinfeld doubles of) quantum groups; here an $\imath$quantum group and a corresponding Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group form a quantum symmetric pair. In this paper, the Dynkin $\imath$quiver algebras are shown to arise as new examples of singular Nakajima-Keller-Scherotzke categories. Then we provide a geometric construction of the universal $\imath$quantum groups and their ``dual canonical bases" with positivity, via the quantum Grothendieck rings of Nakajima-Keller-Scherotzke quiver varieties, generalizing Qin's geometric realization of quantum groups of type ADE.
description: v3, 58 pages, revision made due to an added technical Hypothesis 3.18, references updated, accepted for publication
Hinge/floating craniotomy as an alternative technique for cerebral decompression: a scoping review
Creators: name: Layard Horsfall, Hugo
name: Mohan, Midhun
name: Devi, B. Indira
name: Adeleye, Amos O.
name: Shukla, Dhaval P.
name: Bhat, Dhananjaya
name: Khan, Mukhtar
name: Clark, David J.
name: Chari, Aswin
name: Servadei, Franco
name: Khan, Tariq
name: Rubiano, Andres M.
name: Hutchinson, Peter J.
name: Kolias, Angelos G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Review
Neurosurgery
Decompressive craniectomy
Traumatic brain injury
Stroke

description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000272
description: Funder: Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003784
description: Abstract: Hinge craniotomy (HC) is a technique that allows for a degree of decompression whilst retaining the bone flap in situ, in a ‘floating’ or ‘hinged’ fashion. This provides expansion potential for ensuing cerebral oedema whilst obviating the need for cranioplasty in the future. The exact indications, technique and outcomes of this procedure have yet to be determined, but it is likely that HC provides an alternative technique to decompressive craniectomy (DC) in certain contexts. The primary objective was to collate and describe the current evidence base for HC, including perioperative parameters, functional outcomes and complications. The secondary objective was to identify current nomenclature, operative technique and operative decision-making. A scoping review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR Checklist. Fifteen studies totalling 283 patients (mean age 45.1 and M:F 199:46) were included. There were 12 different terms for HC. The survival rate of the cohort was 74.6% (n = 211). Nine patients (3.2%) required subsequent formal DC. Six studies compared HC to DC following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, finding at least equivalent control of intracranial pressure (ICP). These studies also reported reduced rates of complications, including infection, in HC compared to DC. We have described the current evidence base of HC. There is no evidence of substantially worse outcomes compared to DC, although no randomised trials were identified. Eventually, a randomised trial will be useful to determine if HC should be offered as first-line treatment when indicated.
Reliable Nanofabrication of Single-Crystal Diamond Photonic Nanostructures for Nanoscale Sensing
Creators: name: Radtke, Mariusz
name: Nelz, Richard
name: Slablab, Abdallah
name: Neu, Elke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript, we outline a reliable procedure to manufacture photonic nanostructures from single-crystal diamond (SCD). Photonic nanostructures, in our case SCD nanopillars on thin (< 1$μ$m) platforms, are highly relevant for nanoscale sensing. The presented top-down procedure includes electron beam lithography (EBL) as well as reactive ion etching (RIE). Our method introduces a novel type of inter-layer, namely silicon, that significantly enhances the adhesion of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) electron beam resist to SCD and avoids sample charging during EBL. In contrast to previously used adhesion layers, our silicon layer can be removed using a highly-selective RIE step which is not damaging HSQ mask structures. We thus refine published nanofabrication processes to ease a higher process reliability especially in the light of the advancing commercialization of SCD sensor devices.
description: v2: accepted for publication in Micromachines 2019, 10(11), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10110718
A health economic analysis of the management of open lower limb fractures in the elderly
Creators: name: Pley, Caitlin
name: Purohit, Katie
name: Krkovic, Matija
name: Abdulkarim, Ali
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Article
Trauma
Open fracture
Health economics
Older age
Health systems

description: Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the financial implications of the inpatient management of open lower limb fractures in adults over 65 years old. Further, the study compares the calculated cost to the income received by the hospital for these patients and to the existing body of literature. Methods: This study employed direct inpatient costing analysis to estimate the cost of treating the open lower limb fractures incurred by 58 patients over the age of 65 years treated in our centre (Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust) between March 2014 and March 2019. Results: The median cost of inpatient care calculated in this study was £20,398 per patient, resulting in a financial loss to the hospital of £5113 per patient. When the results were disaggregated by sex, the median cost for an open lower limb fracture in a male patient was £20,886 compared to £19,304 in a female patient. Data were also disaggregated by the site of injury, which produced a median cost for an open femur fracture of £23,949, and £24,549 and £15,362 for open tibia and ankle fractures, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides a valuable estimate of the expense of treating open lower limb fractures in patients over the age of 65 years in a Major Trauma Centre in England. The study highlights the large losses incurred by hospitals in treating these cases, and supports revision of the remuneration structures in the National Health Service to adequately cover their cost.
Continuous-variable tomography of solitary electrons
Creators: name: Fletcher, J. D.
name: Johnson, N.
name: Locane, E.
name: See, P.
name: Griffiths, J. P.
name: Farrer, I.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Kashcheyevs, V.
name: Kataoka, M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/925/927
/639/925/357/1017
/639/766/1130/2798
article

description: Abstract: A method for characterising the wave-function of freely-propagating particles would provide a useful tool for developing quantum-information technologies with single electronic excitations. Previous continuous-variable quantum tomography techniques developed to analyse electronic excitations in the energy-time domain have been limited to energies close to the Fermi level. We show that a wide-band tomography of single-particle distributions is possible using energy-time filtering and that the Wigner representation of the mixed-state density matrix can be reconstructed for solitary electrons emitted by an on-demand single-electron source. These are highly localised distributions, isolated from the Fermi sea. While we cannot resolve the pure state Wigner function of our excitations due to classical fluctuations, we can partially resolve the chirp and squeezing of the Wigner function imposed by emission conditions and quantify the quantumness of the source. This tomography scheme, when implemented with sufficient experimental resolution, will enable quantum-limited measurements, providing information on electron coherence and entanglement at the individual particle level.
Tracking Police Arrests of Intimate Partner Domestic Abuse Suspects in London: a Situational Factors Analysis
Creators: name: Richards, Owain
name: Harinam, Vincent
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Intimate partner abuse
Arrest
Tracking
Predictive factors

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Research Question: What were the odds of named suspects being arrested for a reported crime of intimate partner abuse over one 12-month period in one area of London (UK), and how did those odds vary across twelve predictive situational characteristics, including the presence or absence of the suspect? Data: This study analyses 1000 intimate partner domestic abuse (DA) crimes recorded in the South West Basic Command Unit of the London Metropolitan Police Service in the 12 months between 1 February 2018 and 31 January 2019. Methods: Twelve factors present at the time of police recording an intimate partner abuse crime were analysed in an odds ratio analysis predicting whether a named suspect would be arrested for the crime. Separate analyses were conducted for cases in which the suspect was present at the time police arrived to interview the victim and in cases in which the suspect was absent. Analyses were also conducted by crime type and crime severity scores, with a descriptive analysis of reasons police gave for not making arrests. Findings: Police arrested the suspect in 90% of the 287 cases in which suspects were present when police arrived, and in 47% of the 713 cases in which the suspect was absent on arrival. There was no difference in crime severity scores between cases in which arrests were made vs. not. After suspect absence, victim unwillingness to press charges was the second strongest predictor of no arrest being made, with 21% reported unwilling to cooperate when suspects were present and 29% unwilling when suspects were absent. Arrests were more likely when suspects were male than female and less likely with male victims than female victims. Conclusions: These data show that in an area housing about 12% of London’s population, police make arrests in 90% of intimate partner crimes when the suspect is still present at the scene, and almost half of those in which suspects leave before police arrive. The primary predictor of non-arrest, controlling for offender absence, is victim unwillingness to support prosecution. Various policy options can be considered in light of these findings.
Optical spectroscopy of single quantum dots at tunable positive, neutral and negative charge states
Creators: name: Regelman, D. V.
name: Dekel, E.
name: Gershoni, D.
name: Ehrenfreund, E.
name: Williamson, A. J.
name: Shumway, J.
name: Zunger, A.
name: Schoenfeld, W. V.
name: Petroff, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of photoluminescence from positive, neutral and negative charge states of single semiconductor quantum dots. For this purpose we designed a structure enabling optical injection of a controlled unequal number of negative electrons and positive holes into an isolated InGaAs quantum dot embedded in a GaAs matrix. Thereby, we optically produced the charge states -3, -2, -1, 0, +1 and +2. The injected carriers form confined collective 'artificial atoms and molecules' states in the quantum dot. We resolve spectrally and temporally the photoluminescence from an optically excited quantum dot and use it to identify collective states, which contain charge of one type, coupled to few charges of the other type. These states can be viewed as the artificial analog of charged atoms such as H$^{-}$, H$^{-2}$, H$^{-3}$, and charged molecules such as H$_{2}^{+}$ and H$_{3}^{+2}$. Unlike higher dimensionality systems, where negative or positive charging always results in reduction of the emission energy due to electron-hole pair recombination, in our dots, negative charging reduces the emission energy, relative to the charge-neutral case, while positive charging increases it. Pseudopotential model calculations reveal that the enhanced spatial localization of the hole-wavefunction, relative to that of the electron in these dots, is the reason for this effect.
description: 5 figures
Rényi entanglement entropies for the compactified massless boson with open boundary conditions
Creators: name: Bastianello, Alvise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Rényi entanglement entropies for the one-dimensional massless free boson compactified on a circle, which describes the low energy sector of several interacting many-body 1d systems (Luttinger Liquid). We focus on systems on a finite segment with open boundary conditions and possible inhomogeneities in the couplings. We provide expressions for the Rényi entropies of integer indices in terms of Fredholm determinant-like expressions. Within the homogeneous case, we reduce the problem to the solution of linear integral equations and the computation of Riemann Theta functions. We mainly focus on a single interval in the middle of the system, but results for generic bipartitions are given as well.
description: 20 pages; 5 figures. Minor corrections
Nematopagurus spinulosensoris McLaughlin & Brock 1974
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Nematopagurus
Nematopagurus spinulosensoris

description: Nematopagurus spinulosensoris McLaughlin & Brock, 1974
 Nematopagurus spinulosensoris McLaughlin & Brock, 1974: 246, figs. 1–3 [type locality: Moloka‘i, also from O‘ahu; holotype: USNM 149299; paratypes: BPBM S8485].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. records:
 Nematopagurus spinulosensoris McLaughlin & Brock, 1974 — McLaughlin 2004b: 201, fig. 19 [O‘ahu, ‘Alenuihāhā Channel east of Maui]. — McLaughlin & Lane 1975: 520, pls. 1–3 [O‘ahu].
 Taxonomy. McLaughlin (2004b), McLaughlin et al. (2007)
 Geographical distribution. Across Indo-West Pacific region.
 Habitat. Subtidal to bathyal, 110–540 m, possibly to 950 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
The Evidence-Based Investigative Tool (EBIT): a Legitimacy-Conscious Statistical Triage Process for High-Volume Crimes
Creators: name: McFadzien, Kent
name: Pughsley, Alan
name: Featherstone, Andrew M.
name: Phillips, John M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Solvability
Investigative triage
Volume crime
Police decision-making
Resource allocation
Case clearance
False negatives
Non-domestic assault

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Research Question: Based on the evidence at the end of a preliminary investigation of minor, non-domestic assault and public order cases, how accurately can the likelihood of a sanctioned detection be predicted for triage decisions while maintaining high awareness of legitimacy issues? Data: Investigative records on assault and public order offences recorded by Kent Police, with a case-control sample of 522 randomly selected detected cases and 482 randomly selected undetected cases, a test sample of 931 cases, and an additional 7947 cases for testing the model on all eligible cases in the force area for the initial six months of its use. Methods: A case control comparison between solved and unsolved cases produced a logistic regression model that was used to predict investigative outcomes in both the test sample and the complete tracking of its use in investigative operations. Findings: Eight elements of evidence available by the end of the preliminary investigation were found to predict whether a sanctioned detection would result from further investigation: (1) victim supports police prosecution, and evidence includes (2) a named suspect, (3) a cooperative witness, (4) CCTV evidence, (5) confirming police testimony, (6) forensic evidence, (7) a connection to other cases and (8) a report of the crime to police less than 28 days after the incident occurred. When the EBIT was calibrated to identify only the 31% of cases most likely to yield a detection from further investigation, the model correctly forecast 97% of cases that would not be solved, producing only 3% false negatives. It also reduced the false-positive rate from 73 to 22% in cases that did not lead to a sanctioned detection. Conclusions: A case control analysis of solvability factors at the end of a preliminary investigation can identify almost all of the cases that are likely to be solved, even while the model predicts that the majority of all cases at that point will not be solved.
On certain quasi-local spin-angular momentum expressions for large spheres near the null infinity
Creators: name: Szabados, Laszlo B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently suggested quasi-local spin-angular momentum expressions, based on the Bramson superpotential and on the holomorphic or anti-holomorphic spinor fields, are calculated for large spheres near the future null infinity of asymptotically flat Einsten-Maxwell spacetimes. It is shown that although the expression based on the anti-holomorphic spinors is finite and unambiguously defined only in the center-of-mass frame (i.e. it diverges in general), the corresponding Pauli-Lubanski spin is always finite, free of ambiguities, and is built only from the gravitational data. Thus it defines a gravitational spin expression at the future null infinity. The construction based on the holomorphic spinors diverges in presence of outgoing gravitational radiation. For stationary spacetimes both constructions reduce to the `standard' expression.
description: 22 pages, Plain TEX
Additional file 1 of Overexpression of DDX49 in prostate cancer is associated with poor prognosis
Creators: name: Tao, Junyue
name: Ge, Qintao
name: Meng, Jialing
name: Liang, Chaozhao
name: Hao, Zongyao
name: Zhou, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The selection of DDX49 associated gene from the STRING.
Ontology-based prediction of cancer driver genes
Creators: name: Althubaiti, Sara
name: Karwath, Andreas
name: Dallol, Ashraf
name: Noor, Adeeb
name: Alkhayyat, Shadi Salem
name: Alwassia, Rolina
name: Mineta, Katsuhiko
name: Gojobori, Takashi
name: Beggs, Andrew D.
name: Schofield, Paul N.
name: Gkoutos, Georgios V.
name: Hoehndorf, Robert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/114/2403
/631/114/1305
/692/4028/67/68
/119
/139
/141
article

description: Abstract: Identifying and distinguishing cancer driver genes among thousands of candidate mutations remains a major challenge. Accurate identification of driver genes and driver mutations is critical for advancing cancer research and personalizing treatment based on accurate stratification of patients. Due to inter-tumor genetic heterogeneity many driver mutations within a gene occur at low frequencies, which make it challenging to distinguish them from non-driver mutations. We have developed a novel method for identifying cancer driver genes. Our approach utilizes multiple complementary types of information, specifically cellular phenotypes, cellular locations, functions, and whole body physiological phenotypes as features. We demonstrate that our method can accurately identify known cancer driver genes and distinguish between their role in different types of cancer. In addition to confirming known driver genes, we identify several novel candidate driver genes. We demonstrate the utility of our method by validating its predictions in nasopharyngeal cancer and colorectal cancer using whole exome and whole genome sequencing.
The generic sudden singularity in Brans–Dicke theory
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Cotsakis, Spiros
name: Trachilis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Regular Article – Theoretical Physics

description: Abstract: We construct a formal asymptotic series expansion for a general solution of the Brans–Dicke equations with a fluid source near a sudden singularity. This solution contains 11 independent arbitrary functions of the spatial coordinates as required by the Cauchy problem of the theory. We show that the solution is geodesically complete and has the character of a shock wave in the sudden asymptotic region. This solution is weak in the senses of Tipler and Krolak as in the corresponding case of general relativity.
Studying high-z galaxies with [CII] intensity mapping
Creators: name: Yue, Bin
name: Ferrara, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the [CII] line intensity mapping (IM) signal from galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) to assess its detectability, the possibility to constrain the $L_{\rm CII}-{\rm SFR}$ relation, and to recover the [CII] luminosity function (LF) from future experiments. By empirically assuming that ${\rm log}L_{\rm CII}={\rm log}A+γ{\rm SFR}\pmσ_L$, we derive the [CII] LF from the observed UV LF, and the [CII] IM power spectrum. We study the shot-noise and the full power spectrum separately. Although, in general, the shot-noise component has a much higher signal-to-noise ratio than the clustering one, it cannot be used to put independent constraints on log$A$ and $γ$. Full power spectrum measurements are crucial to break such degeneracy, and reconstruct the [CII] LF. In our fiducial survey S1 (inspired by CCAT-p/1000 hr) at $z \sim 6$, the shot-noise (clustering) signal is detectable for 2 (1) of the 5 considered $L_{\rm CII}-{\rm SFR}$ relations. The shot-noise is generally dominated by galaxies with $L_{\rm CII}\gtrsim 10^{8-9}~L_\odot$ ($M_{\rm UV}\sim-20$ to $-22$), already at reach of ALMA pointed observations. However, given the small field of view of such telescope, an IM experiment would provide unique information on the bright-end of the LF. The detection depth of an IM experiment crucially depends on the (poorly constrained) $L_{\rm CII}-{\rm SFR}$ relation in the EoR. If the $L_{\rm CII}-{\rm SFR}$ relation varies in a wide log$A - γ$ range, but still consistent with ALMA [CII] LF upper limits, even the signal from galaxies with $L_{\rm CII}$ as faint as $\sim 10^7~L_\odot$ could be detectable. Finally, we consider the contamination by continuum foregrounds (CIB, dust, CMB) and CO interloping lines, and derived the requirements on the residual contamination level to reliably extract the [CII] signal.
description: 17 pages, 17 Figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Comments welcome
Oltre il Nostro Sguardo sulla Capra
Creators: name: Giuseppe Mazza, Dagda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Epistemology
subject: Journalism
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognitive neuroscience
subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Remote sensing
subject: Social psychology
subject: Political philosophy
subject: Developmental psychology

description: La tesi "Oltre il Nostro Sguardo sulla Capra" esplora l'interconnessione tra coscienza, ambiente e altre forme di vita, sfidando il paradigma riduzionista della scienza normale. Attraverso un'analisi interdisciplinare che spazia dal Remote Viewing alla psicologia politica del carnismo, il lavoro mette in discussione le epistemologie dominanti che hanno frammentato la nostra comprensione della realtà. Attraverso un approccio olistico e integrato, la tesi propone un ripensamento critico dei confini della scienza e una rivalutazione dell'importanza di una connessione tra la psiche umana e il mondo naturale. La tesi conclude suggerendo che solo superando il riduzionismo materialista possiamo costruire una visione più sostenibile e empatica del nostro ruolo nel pianeta.
Nematopagurus kosiensis McLaughlin 1998
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Nematopagurus
Nematopagurus kosiensis

description: Nematopagurus kosiensis McLaughlin, 1998
 Nematopagurus kosiensis McLaughlin, 1998: 329, fig. 5 [type locality: South Africa; holotype: MNHN-Pg5543].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. records:
 Nematopagurus kosiensis McLaughlin, 1998 — McLaughlin 2004b: 196, fig. 17 [‘Alenuihāhā Channel east of Maui]. — McLaughlin et al. 2005: 244, 305, note [H.I.].
 Taxonomy. McLaughlin (2004b), McLaughlin et al. (2007)
 Geographical distribution. Across Indo-West Pacific region.
 Habitat. Subtidal to bathyal, 82–490 m, possibly to 500 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
A simple, reliable and robust reinforcement method for the fabrication of (RE)–Ba–Cu–O bulk superconductors
Creators: name: Namburi, Devendra K
name: Huang, Kaiyuan
name: Lau, Wayne
name: Shi, Yunhua
name: Palmer, Kysen G
name: Dennis, Anthony R
name: Cardwell, David A
name: Durrell, John H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Paper
Focus on The Jan Evetts SUST Award 2020
bulk superconductor
reinforcement
mechanical property
high field trapped field
SiC hybrid fibre
tensile strength
top seeded melt growth

description: Abstract: Bulk high temperature superconductors (HTS) based on the rare-earth barium cuprates [(RE)BCO] have the potential to be applied in a variety of engineering and technological applications such as trapped field magnets, rotating electrical machines, magnetic bearings and flywheel energy storage systems. The key materials figure of merit for most practical applications of bulk superconductors is simply the product of the maximum current density that can be supported, which correlates directly with the maximum achievable trapped magnetic field, and the physical length scale over which the current flows. Unfortunately, however, bulk (RE)BCO superconductors exhibit relatively poor mechanical properties due to their inherent ceramic nature. Consequently, the performance of these materials as trapped field magnets is limited significantly by their tensile strength, rather than critical current and size, given that the relatively large Lorentz forces produced in the generation of large magnetic fields can lead to catastrophic mechanical failure. In the present work, we describe a simple, but effective and reliable reinforcement methodology to enhance the mechanical properties of (RE)BCO bulk superconductors by incorporating hybrid SiC fibres consisting of a tungsten core with SiC cladding within the bulk microstructure. An improvement in tensile strength by up to 40% has been achieved via this process and, significantly, without compromising the superconducting performance of the bulk material.
Systemic α-synuclein injection triggers selective neuronal pathology as seen in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Kuan, Wei-Li
name: Stott, Katherine
name: He, Xiaoling
name: Wood, Tobias C.
name: Yang, Sujeong
name: Kwok, Jessica C. F.
name: Hall, Katie
name: Zhao, Yanyan
name: Tietz, Ole
name: Aigbirhio, Franklin I.
name: Vernon, Anthony C.
name: Barker, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/1647
/631/378
/82/6
/59/57
/82/51
/82/80
/96/106
/82/1
/14/19
/14/28
article

description: Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an α-synucleinopathy characterized by the progressive loss of specific neuronal populations. Here, we develop a novel approach to transvascularly deliver proteins of complex quaternary structures, including α-synuclein preformed fibrils (pff). We show that a single systemic administration of α-synuclein pff triggers pathological transformation of endogenous α-synuclein in non-transgenic rats, which leads to neurodegeneration in discrete brain regions. Specifically, pff-exposed animals displayed a progressive deterioration in gastrointestinal and olfactory functions, which corresponded with the presence of cellular pathology in the central and enteric nervous systems. The α-synuclein pathology generated was both time dependent and region specific. Interestingly, the most significant neuropathological changes were observed in those brain regions affected in the early stages of PD. Our data therefore demonstrate for the first time that a single, transvascular administration of α-synuclein pff can lead to selective regional neuropathology resembling the premotor stage of idiopathic PD. Furthermore, this novel delivery approach could also be used to deliver a range of other pathogenic, as well as therapeutic, protein cargos transvascularly to the brain.
Pagurixus festinus McLaughlin & Haig 1984
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurixus
Pagurixus festinus

description: Pagurixus festinus McLaughlin & Haig, 1984
 Pagurixus festinus McLaughlin & Haig, 1984: 130, fig. 3 [type locality: O‘ahu; holotype: BPBM S10334; paratopotypes: BPBM S1035; paratypes: S10336 – S10346, AHF 776, 6141].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. records:
 Pagurixus festinus McLaughlin & Haig, 1984 — Komai & Osawa 2006: 58, figs. 23–25 [O‘ahu]. — Coles, DeFelice & Eldredge 2002b: 146 [O‘ahu]. — Godwin & Bolick 2006: 38, 48 [Moloka‘i].
 Taxonomy. Komai & Osawa (2006)
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Shallow subtidal, 2–8 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
The kinematic relationship between disk and jet in the DG Tauri system
Creators: name: Testi, L.
name: Bacciotti, F.
name: Sargent, A. I.
name: Ray, T. P.
name: Eisloeffel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high angular resolution millimeter wavelength continuum and 13CO(2-1) observations of the circumstellar disk surrounding the TTauri star DG Tauri. We show that the velocity pattern in the inner regions of the disk is consistent with Keplerian rotation about a central 0.67 Msun star. The disk rotation is also consistent with the toroidal velocity pattern in the initial channel of the optical jet, as inferred from HST spectra of the first de-projected 100 AU from the source. Our observations support the tight relationship between disk and jet kinematics postulated by the popular magneto-centrifugal models for jet formation and collimation.
description: 4 pages, A&A Letter accepted
Scalar Mesons within a model for all non-exotic mesons
Creators: name: van Beveren, Eef
name: Rupp, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a four-parameter model for non-exotic meson-meson scattering, which accommodates all non-exotic mesons, hence also the light scalar mesons, as resonances and bound states characterised by complex singularities of the scattering amplitude as a function of the total invariant mass. The majority of the full $S$-matrix mesonic poles stem from an underlying confinement spectrum. However, the light scalar mesons K0*(830), a0(980), f0(400-1200), and f0(980) do not, but instead originate in 3P0-barrier semi-bound states. In the case of bound states, wave functions can be determined. For ccbar and bbbar, radiative transitions have been calculated. Here we compare the results to the data.
description: 16 pages, plain LaTeX
Correlated random networks
Creators: name: Berg, Johannes
name: Lässig, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We develop a statistical theory of networks. A network is a set of vertices and links given by its adjacency matrix $\c$, and the relevant statistical ensembles are defined in terms of a partition function $Z=\sum_{\c} \exp {[}-β\H(\c) {]}$. The simplest cases are uncorrelated random networks such as the well-known Erdös-Rény graphs. Here we study more general interactions $\H(\c)$ which lead to {\em correlations}, for example, between the connectivities of adjacent vertices. In particular, such correlations occur in {\em optimized} networks described by partition functions in the limit $β\to \infty$. They are argued to be a crucial signature of evolutionary design in biological networks.
description: 4 pages Revex
The Proton in High Definition: Revisiting Photon-Initiated Production in High Energy Collisions
Creators: name: Harland-Lang, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the current state of the art for the calculation of photon-initiated processes at the LHC, as formulated in terms of a photon PDF in the proton that may be determined rather precisely from the known proton structure functions. We in particular demonstrate that a by construction more precise calculation is provided by a direct application of the structure function approach, best known from the case of Higgs Boson production via vector boson fusion. This avoids any artificial scale variation uncertainties, which can otherwise be rather significant for processes calculated within the standard approach thus far. To understand the source of these, we present a detailed comparison of the structure function approach and its relation to the photon PDF. We then provide precise predictions for the photon-initiated contribution to lepton pair production at the LHC, including the lepton pair transverse momentum distribution. Thus, by a direct application of the structure function formalism we show how the contribution from initial-state photons at the LHC may for the first time be included with high precision in a universal and straightforward way, providing a high definition picture of the photon content of the proton.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Typo corrected, footnote 2 added
Pagurixus nomurai Komai & Asakura 1995
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurixus
Pagurixus nomurai

description: Pagurixus nomurai Komai & Asakura, 1995
 Pagurixus nomurai Komai & Asakura, 1995: 341, figs. 1–3 [type locality: Japan; holotype: CBM-ZC 378; paratypes: CBM-ZC 379, 380, USNM 255856, NSMT-Cr 11388].
 Hawaiian Is. record:
 Pagurixus nomurai Komai & Asakura, 1995 — Hoover 2006: 261, color photograph [O‘ahu].
 Taxonomy. Komai & Osawa (2006)
 Geographical distribution. Tropical Pacific Ocean.
 Habitat. Subtidal, 5–60 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
A Critical Period for Prefrontal Network Configurations Underlying Psychiatric Disorders and Addiction
Creators: name: Guirado, Ramon
name: Perez-Rando, Marta
name: Ferragud, Antonio
name: Gutierrez-Castellanos, Nicolas
name: Umemori, Juzoh
name: Carceller, Hector
name: Nacher, Juan
name: Castillo-Gómez, Esther
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Behavioral Neuroscience
prefrontal networks
decision-making
critical period
ventral hippocampus
basolateral amygdala

description: The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been classically defined as the brain region responsible for higher cognitive functions, including the decision-making process. Ample information has been gathered during the last 40 years in an attempt to understand how it works. We now know extensively about the connectivity of this region and its relationship with neuromodulatory ascending projection areas, such as the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) or the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Both areas are well-known regulators of the reward-based decision-making process and hence likely to be involved in processes like evidence integration, impulsivity or addiction biology, but also in helping us to predict the valence of our future actions: i.e., what is “good” and what is “bad.” Here we propose a hypothesis of a critical period, during which the inputs of the mPFC compete for target innervation, establishing specific prefrontal network configurations in the adult brain. We discuss how these different prefrontal configurations are linked to brain diseases such as addiction or neuropsychiatric disorders, and especially how drug abuse and other events during early life stages might lead to the formation of more vulnerable prefrontal network configurations. Finally, we show different promising pharmacological approaches that, when combined with the appropriate stimuli, will be able to re-establish these functional prefrontocortical configurations during adulthood.