cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chandra imaging of the X-ray nebula powered by pulsar B1509-58
Creators: name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Arons, J.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: Pivovaroff, M. J.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Tamura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by the energetic young pulsar B1509-58. These data confirm the complicated morphology of the system indicated by previous observations, and in addition reveal several new components to the nebula. The overall PWN shows a clear symmetry axis oriented at a position angle 150 degrees (N through E), which we argue corresponds to the pulsar spin axis. We show that a previously identified radio feature matches well with the overall extent of the X-ray PWN, and propose the former as the long-sought radio nebula powered by the pulsar. We further identify a bright collimated feature, at least 4' long, lying along the nebula's main symmetry axis; we interpret this feature as a physical outflow from the pulsar, and infer a velocity for this jet >0.2c. The lack of any observed counter-jet implies that the pulsar spin axis is inclined at approx 30 deg to the line-of-sight, contrary to previous estimates made from lower-resolution data. We also identify a variety of compact features close to the pulsar. A pair of semi-circular X-ray arcs lie 17 and 30 arcsec to the north of the pulsar; the latter arc shows a highly-polarized radio counterpart. We show that these features can be interpreted as ion-compression wisps in a particle-dominated equatorial flow, and use their properties to infer a ratio of electromagnetic to particle energy in pairs at the wind shock sigma approx 0.005, similar to that seen in the Crab Nebula. We further identify several compact knots seen very close to the pulsar; we use these to infer sigma < 0.003 at a separation from the pulsar of 0.1 pc.
description: 22 pages, including 9 embedded EPS figures, uses emulateapj. Now incorporates referee's comments - no major changes. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal, vol 569 (2002 April 20)
TA'LIM MUASSASALARIDA SOG'LOM TURMUSH TARZINI SHAKLLANTIRISH VA RIVOJLANTIRISH YO'LLARI
Creators: name: IBRAXIMOV, S.U.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqola ta’lim muassasalarida talaba yoshlar ongida  sog’lom turmush tarzini shakllantirish va rivojlantirish masalalariga bag’ishlangan bo’lib, bu jarayonga ta’sir etuvchi obyektiv va subyektiv omillar ochib berilgan.
VISUAL-CC system uncovers the role of GSK3 as an orchestrator of vascular cell type ratio in plants
Creators: name: Tamaki, Takayuki
name: Oya, Satoyo
name: Naito, Makiko
name: Ozawa, Yasuko
name: Furuya, Tomoyuki
name: Saito, Masato
name: Sato, Mayuko
name: Wakazaki, Mayumi
name: Toyooka, Kiminori
name: Fukuda, Hiroo
name: Helariutta, Ykä
name: Kondo, Yuki
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/449/2653/2654
/631/136/142
/13/106
/45/100
/14/19
/45/61
article

description: Abstract: The phloem transports photosynthetic assimilates and signalling molecules. It mainly consists of sieve elements (SEs), which act as “highways” for transport, and companion cells (CCs), which serve as “gates” to load/unload cargos. Though SEs and CCs function together, it remains unknown what determines the ratio of SE/CC in the phloem. Here we develop a new culture system for CC differentiation in Arabidopsis named VISUAL-CC, which almost mimics the process of the SE–CC complex formation. Comparative expression analysis in VISUAL-CC reveals that SE and CC differentiation tends to show negative correlation, while total phloem differentiation is unchanged. This varying SE/CC ratio is largely dependent on GSK3 kinase activity. Indeed, gsk3 hextuple mutants possess many more SEs and fewer CCs, whereas gsk3 gain-of-function mutants partially increase the CC number. Taken together, GSK3 activity appears to function as a cell-fate switch in the phloem, thereby balancing the SE/CC ratio.
Analysis of air pollution time series using complexity-invariant distance and information measures
Creators: name: Amato, Federico
name: Laib, Mohamed
name: Guignard, Fabian
name: Kanevski, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Air pollution is known to be a major threat for human and ecosystem health. A proper understanding of the factors generating pollution and of the behavior of air pollution in time is crucial to support the development of effective policies aiming at the reduction of pollutant concentration. This paper considers the hourly time series of three pollutants, namely NO$_2$, O$_3$ and PM$_{2.5}$, collected on sixteen measurement stations in Switzerland. The air pollution patterns due to the location of measurement stations and their relationship with anthropogenic activities, and specifically land use, are studied using two approaches: Fisher-Shannon information plane and complexity-invariant distance between time series. A clustering analysis is used to recognize within the measurements of a same pollutant group of stations behaving in a similar way. The results clearly demonstrate the relationship between the air pollution probability densities and land use activities.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
The Role of Personality, Cognition and Shocks in Determining Age of Entry into Labor Market, Sector of Employment, and within Sector Earnings
Creators: name: Sahn, David E.
name: Villa, Kira M.
name: Sahn, David E.
name: Villa, Kira M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Cognitive Noncognitive Personality Labor Education Development

description: Growing evidence in the economics literature links “noncognitive” skills to economic, behavioral and demographic outcomes in the developed world. However, there is little such evidence linking these traits to economic outcomes in developing country contexts. This paper estimates the joint effect of five specific personality traits and cognition on the age of entry into the labor market, labor market sectoral selection, and within sector earnings for a sample of young adults in Madagascar. The personality traits we examine are known as the Big Five Personality Traits: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Additionally, we look at how these traits interact with household-level shocks in determining their labor market entry decisions. We find that personality does indeed have an effect on these outcomes of interest and affects how these individuals respond to shocks in their labor decisions.
A Polynomial Weyl Invariant Spinning Membrane Action
Creators: name: Castro, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the construction of a Weyl-invariant spinning-membrane action that is $polynomial$ in the fields, without a cosmological constant term, comprised of quadratic and quartic-derivative terms, and where supersymmetry is linearly realized, is presented. The action is invariant under a $modified$ supersymmetry transformation law which is derived from a new $ Q + K + S $ sum-rule based on the 3D-superconformal algebra .
description: 7 pages, Latex file
The complexity of clinically-normal sinus-rhythm ECGs is decreased in equine athletes with a diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Alexeenko, Vadim
name: Fraser, James A.
name: Bowen, Mark
name: Huang, Christopher L.-H.
name: Marr, Celia M.
name: Jeevaratnam, Kamalan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/4019/592/75/29
/639/705/258
/139
/129
article

description: Abstract: Equine athletes have a pattern of exercise which is analogous to human athletes and the cardiovascular risks in both species are similar. Both species have a propensity for atrial fibrillation (AF), which is challenging to detect by ECG analysis when in paroxysmal form. We hypothesised that the proarrhythmic background present between fibrillation episodes in paroxysmal AF (PAF) might be detectable by complexity analysis of apparently normal sinus-rhythm ECGs. In this retrospective study ECG recordings were obtained during routine clinical work from 82 healthy horses and from 10 horses with a diagnosis of PAF. Artefact-free 60-second strips of normal sinus-rhythm ECGs were converted to binary strings using threshold crossing, beat detection and a novel feature detection parsing algorithm. Complexity of the resulting binary strings was calculated using Lempel-Ziv (‘76 & ‘78) and Titchener complexity estimators. Dependence of Lempel-Ziv ‘76 and Titchener T-complexity on the heart rate in ECG strips obtained at low heart rates (25–60 bpm) and processed by the feature detection method was found to be significantly different in control animals and those diagnosed with PAF. This allows identification of horses with PAF from sinus-rhythm ECGs with high accuracy.
$\mathcal{PT}$-Symmetric Topological Edge-Gain Effect
Creators: name: Song, Alex Y.
name: Sun, Xiao-Qi
name: Dutt, Avik
name: Minkov, Momchil
name: Wojcik, Casey
name: Wang, Haiwen
name: Williamson, Ian
name: Orenstein, Meir
name: Fan, Shanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a non-Hermitian topological effect that is characterized by having complex eigenvalues only in the edge states of a topological material, despite the fact that the material is completely uniform. Such an effect can be constructed in any topological structure formed by two gapped sub-systems, e.g., a quantum spin-Hall system, with a suitable non-Hermitian coupling between the spins. The resulting complex-eigenvalued edge state is robust against defects due to the topological protection. In photonics, such an effect can be used for the implementation of topological lasers, in which a uniform pumping provides gain only in the edge lasing state. Furthermore, such a topological lasing model is reciprocal and is thus compatible with standard photonic platforms.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
EEG alpha reactivity and cholinergic system integrity in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Schumacher, Julia
name: Thomas, Alan J.
name: Peraza, Luis R.
name: Firbank, Michael
name: Cromarty, Ruth
name: Hamilton, Calum A.
name: Donaghy, Paul C.
name: O’Brien, John T.
name: Taylor, John-Paul
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Resting state EEG
Structural MRI
Dementia with Lewy bodies
Parkinson’s disease dementia
Nucleus basalis of Meynert

description: Abstract: Background: Lewy body dementia (LBD), which includes dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), is characterised by marked deficits within the cholinergic system which are more severe than in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and are mainly caused by degeneration of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) whose widespread cholinergic projections provide the main source of cortical cholinergic innervation. EEG alpha reactivity, which refers to the reduction in alpha power over occipital electrodes upon opening the eyes, has been suggested as a potential marker of cholinergic system integrity. Methods: Eyes-open and eyes-closed resting state EEG data were recorded from 41 LBD patients (including 24 patients with DLB and 17 with PDD), 21 patients with AD, and 40 age-matched healthy controls. Alpha reactivity was calculated as the relative reduction in alpha power over occipital electrodes when opening the eyes. Structural MRI data were used to assess volumetric changes within the NBM using a probabilistic anatomical map. Results: Alpha reactivity was reduced in AD and LBD patients compared to controls with a significantly greater reduction in LBD compared to AD. Reduced alpha reactivity was associated with smaller volumes of the NBM across all groups (ρ = 0.42, pFDR = 0.0001) and in the PDD group specifically (ρ = 0.66, pFDR = 0.01). Conclusions: We demonstrate that LBD patients show an impairment in alpha reactivity upon opening the eyes which distinguishes this form of dementia from AD. Furthermore, our results suggest that reduced alpha reactivity might be related to a loss of cholinergic drive from the NBM, specifically in PDD.
Economic Efficiency of Utility Plants Under Renewable Energy Policy
Creators: name: Lynes, Melissa
name: Featherstone, Allen
name: Lynes, Melissa
name: Featherstone, Allen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: DEA
subject: Electricity Generation
subject: Renewable Energy Policy

description: Over the last two decades a large number of energy policy changes have occurred specifically with regards to renewable energy. This paper considers how these changes in renewable energy policy affect the production efficiencies of power plants that use renewable and/or nonrenewable energy inputs for electricity production. Using nationwide plant level data from 2003 – 2012 pure technical efficiency is estimated. This study considers the efficiencies of both renewable and nonrenewable energy sources. In addition, this study considers how state level renewable energy policies affect the efficiencies of power plants. In general, this study finds that renewable energy policies do not reduce the efficiencies of electricity generation from a technical aspect.
Expert*innen aus Erfahrung : Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung in der psychiatrischen Versorgung
Creators: name: Schwerin, Paula
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung
subject: Genesungsprozesse von anderen Betroffenen
subject: Krisenerfahrungen
subject: psychiatrische Versorgung
subject: 362

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich damit, welche Bedeutung die persönlichen Krisenerfahrungen von Peer- und Genesungsbegleiter*innen für ihr berufliches Handeln in der psychiatrischen Versorgung haben. Basierend auf einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche werden wesentliche Aspekte im Kontext von Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung näher betrachtet und in Bezug auf die forschungsleitende Frage zusammengeführt. Peer- und Genesungsbegleiter*innen sind Menschen, die selbst psychische Krisen durchlebt und überwunden haben und in der Regel über Erfahrungen mit dem psychiatrischen Versorgungssystem verfügen. Sie nutzen diese Erfahrungen, um die individuellen Genesungsprozesse von anderen Betroffenen zu begleiten und zu unterstützen. Auf der Grundlage ihres Erfahrungswissens können Peer- und Genesungsbegleiter*innen einen Beitrag zur Genesung von Menschen in seelischen Krisen leisten und zudem die Arbeit multiprofessioneller Teams bereichern.
coli-ana: Automatic analysis of the Dewey Decimal Classification
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, Uma
name: Peters, Stefan
name: Voß, Jakob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: DDC

description: Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is the most widely used classification system internationally. It was developed by Melvil Dewey in 1873 based on the Decimal Classification conceived by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in the 17ᵗʰ century. At the dawn of the 21ᵗʰ century, DDC attracted great interest amongst academic libraries in Europe, and was translated into German and several other European languages.

 The contemporary Dewey Decimal System with over 48.000 classes and six tables allows a huge flexibility and fineness in building new numbers such as 700.90440747471. However, this process is complex and is based on several intricate rules and instructions. The lack of captions in such built numbers makes it difficult to understand and re-use by the non-Dewey catalogers. Thus, in 2003 under the project VZG-colibri, a sub-project coli-ana was initiated to develop a tool that would automatically decompose and analyze any given DDC notation to its tiniest component, enrich them with their caption, and provide the semantic relationship between each element in JSKOS (a JSON-LD format based on SKOS).
 The results of coli-ana improve information retrieval, facilitate re-use, and aid further study to enhance knowledge organization systems in general. coli-ana
 delivers DDC captions only in German, but it is planned to integrate the English version of DDC as well. The results of the tool are incorporated in the mapping tool Cocoda as well to assist mappings to and from DDC built numbers.

 This talk will give a brief background of the project coli-ana, elucidate with examples the decomposition of notations with their adherent rules and instructions, present the coli-ana web service as well as demonstrate its use cases in the project coli-conc and in the K10plus union catalogue.
E-Learning – Analytics using Jupyter Notebooks
Creators: name: Sondagar, Jigneshkumar Jitubhai
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jupyter Notebook
subject: E-learning management systems
subject: Big Data Analytics
subject: DDC::0** Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::00* Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::003 Systeme

description: This thesis study and evaluation the use of Big Data in e-Learning as the basic of Big Data and e-Learning and it is power.
Blood n-3 fatty acid levels and total and cause-specific mortality from 17 prospective studies
Creators: name: Harris, William S.
name: Tintle, Nathan L.
name: Imamura, Fumiaki
name: Qian, Frank
name: Korat, Andres V. Ardisson
name: Marklund, Matti
name: Djoussé, Luc
name: Bassett, Julie K.
name: Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues
name: Chen, Yun-Yu
name: Hirakawa, Yoichiro
name: Küpers, Leanne K.
name: Laguzzi, Federica
name: Lankinen, Maria
name: Murphy, Rachel A.
name: Samieri, Cécilia
name: Senn, Mackenzie K.
name: Shi, Peilin
name: Virtanen, Jyrki K.
name: Brouwer, Ingeborg A.
name: Chien, Kuo-Liong
name: Eiriksdottir, Gudny
name: Forouhi, Nita G.
name: Geleijnse, Johanna M.
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Gudnason, Vilmundur
name: Helmer, Catherine
name: Hodge, Allison
name: Jackson, Rebecca
name: Khaw, Kay-Tee
name: Laakso, Markku
name: Lai, Heidi
name: Laurin, Danielle
name: Leander, Karin
name: Lindsay, Joan
name: Micha, Renata
name: Mursu, Jaako
name: Ninomiya, Toshiharu
name: Post, Wendy
name: Psaty, Bruce M.
name: Risérus, Ulf
name: Robinson, Jennifer G.
name: Shadyab, Aladdin H.
name: Snetselaar, Linda
name: Sala-Vila, Aleix
name: Sun, Yangbo
name: Steffen, Lyn M.
name: Tsai, Michael Y.
name: Wareham, Nicholas J.
name: Wood, Alexis C.
name: Wu, Jason H. Y.
name: Hu, Frank
name: Sun, Qi
name: Siscovick, David S.
name: Lemaitre, Rozenn N.
name: Mozaffarian, Dariush
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/692/53/2423
/692/499
/49/47
article

description: Abstract: The health effects of omega-3 fatty acids have been controversial. Here we report the results of a de novo pooled analysis conducted with data from 17 prospective cohort studies examining the associations between blood omega-3 fatty acid levels and risk for all-cause mortality. Over a median of 16 years of follow-up, 15,720 deaths occurred among 42,466 individuals. We found that, after multivariable adjustment for relevant risk factors, risk for death from all causes was significantly lower (by 15–18%, at least p < 0.003) in the highest vs the lowest quintile for circulating long chain (20–22 carbon) omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids). Similar relationships were seen for death from cardiovascular disease, cancer and other causes. No associations were seen with the 18-carbon omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid. These findings suggest that higher circulating levels of marine n-3 PUFA are associated with a lower risk of premature death.
title: CARE LEAVER IN TRANSITION: WHAT DO BEHAVIOURAL CONCEPTS IN RESIDENTIAL CARE (NOT) PREPARE FOR?
title: PROCES USAMODZIELNIENIA: DO CZEGO NIE PRZYGOTOWUJĄ BEHAWIORALNE SYSTEMY WZMOCNIEŃ STOSOWANE W OPIECE ZASTĘPCZEJ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lorenz, Friederike
name: Urban-Stahl, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Akademia Marynakri Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte
Year: 2020

description: The article deals with the question of what kind of educational concepts in residential care adequately prepare young people for leaving care, and for the transition to a self-determined life. For this purpose, two debates, and research fields are brought together in the article: One discourse concerns the re-search findings on the specific situation of care leavers, who often have to master the transition to self-employment with fewer resources than peers, who move out from family home. The other discourse concerns the critique about residential care groups, which work with systematic punishment and token systems. It is discussed in depth on the basis of a case study of a group in which the staff abused power in the name of the behavioural IntraActPlus approach. Data analyses is done by excerpts from the daily documentation of the professionals. It is shown how systematic punishment affects the inter-action, and educational relationship between professionals and young people in care, and how the young people ́s needs are faded out by a strictly behaviouristic perspective on adolescents actions and everyday life. Against the background of the empirical findings, the conclusion is drawn as to how group concepts can promote young people in care in subjective development processes, in learning to handle conflicts, and in their independence processes.
description: W artykule podjęto pytanie, jakie koncepcje wychowawcze w opiece pobytowej odpowiednio przygotowują młodzież do opuszczenia placówki opiekuńczej i rozpoczęcia samodzielnego życia. W tym celu w artykule zebrano dwie debaty i obszary badawcze: Jeden dyskurs dotyczy wyników badań dotyczących szczególnej sytuacji osób usamodzielniających się, które często muszą poradzić sobie przy mniejszych zasobach niż rówieśnicy, którzy opuszczają dom rodzinny. Drugi dyskurs dotyczy krytyki grup opieki pobytowej, które działają w oparciu o system kar i systemy żetonowe. Jest to szczegółowo omawiane na podstawie studium przypadku grupy, w której personel nadużył władzy w imię behawioralnego podejścia IntraActPlus. Analizy danych dokonano na podstawie fragmentów codziennej dokumentacji profesjonalistów. Pokazano, jak systematyczne kary wpływają na interakcje i relacje wychowawcze między profesjonalistami a młodymi ludźmi będącymi pod opieką oraz jak potrzeby młodych ludzi gasną dzięki ściśle behawiorystycznemu spojrzeniu na działania i codzienne życie nastolatków. Na tle ustaleń empirycznych wyciągnięto wniosek, w jaki sposób koncepcje grupowe mogą promować młodych ludzi w procesach rozwoju subiektywnego, w nauce radzenia sobie z konfliktami oraz w procesie ich usamodzielniania się.
Computer-aided synthesis of dapsone-phytochemical conjugates against dapsone-resistant Mycobacterium leprae
Creators: name: Swain, Shasank S.
name: Paidesetty, Sudhir K.
name: Dehury, Budheswar
name: Das, Madhusmita
name: Vedithi, Sundeep C.
name: Padhy, Rabindra N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/114
/631/154
/631/154/309/2144
/38/22
/38/23
/101/58
/64/60
/45/77
/14/63
article

description: Abstract: Leprosy continues to be the belligerent public health hazard for the causation of high disability and eventual morbidity cases with stable prevalence rates, even with treatment by the on-going multidrug therapy (MDT). Today, dapsone (DDS) resistance has led to fear of leprosy in more unfortunate people of certain developing countries. Herein, DDS was chemically conjugated with five phytochemicals independently as dapsone-phytochemical conjugates (DPCs) based on azo-coupling reaction. Possible biological activities were verified with computational chemistry and quantum mechanics by molecular dynamics simulation program before chemical synthesis and spectral characterizations viz., proton-HNMR, FTIR, UV and LC-MS. The in vivo antileprosy activity was monitored using the ‘mouse-foot-pad propagation method’, with WHO recommended concentration 0.01% mg/kg each DPC for 12 weeks, and the host-toxicity testing of the active DPC4 was seen in cultured-human-lymphocytes in vitro. One-log bacilli cells in DDS-resistant infected mice footpads decreased by the DPC4, and no bacilli were found in the DDS-sensitive mice hind pads. Additionally, the in vitro host toxicity study also confirmed that the DCP4 up to 5,000 mg/L level was safety for oral administration, since a minor number of dead cells were found in red color under a fluorescent microscope. Several advanced bioinformatics tools could help locate the potential chemical entity, thereby reducing the time and resources required for in vitro and in vitro tests. DPC4 could be used in place of DDS in MDT, evidenced from in vivo antileprosy activity and in vitro host toxicity study.
Das Prostituiertenschutzgesetz. Konsequenzen für die mann-männliche Sexarbeit.
Creators: name: Scheinpflug, Udo
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Prostituiertenschutzgesetz
subject: Sexarbeitende
subject: DDC::300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::348 Gesetze, Verordnungen, Rechtsfälle

description: Seit dem 01.07.2017 gilt das Prostituiertenschutzgesetz für Sexarbeitende in Deutschland. Mit der Einführung des Gesetzes und der Umsetzung der vorgeschriebenen Maßnahmen gehen weitreichende Folgen für Sexarbeitende einher. Dabei betreffen die Auswirkungen dieses Gesetzes mann-männliche Sexarbeitende im Besonderen. Um die Konsequenzen für mann-männliche Sexarbeitende zu verdeutlichen, wurde die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit erstellt. Innerhalb dieser Arbeit liegt der Fokus auf einzelne Bestimmungen des Prostituiertenschutzgesetzes, der Beschreibung der mann-männlichen Sexarbeit und den daraus folgenden Konsequenzen. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen die Mehrheit der mann-männlichen Sexarbeitenden kriminalisiert und eine vermehrte Arbeit im Dunkelfeld daraus resultieren könnte. In Anbetracht der aufgestellten Annahmen wird so festgestellt, dass die Ziele des Prostituiertenschutzgesetzes unter diesen Umständen nicht erreicht werden.
Traffic lights, clumping and QBDs
Creators: name: Finch, Steven
name: Latouche, Guy
name: Louchard, Guy
name: Meini, Beatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In discrete time, $\ell$-blocks of red lights are separated by $\ell$-blocks of green lights. Cars arrive at random. \ We seek the distribution of maximum line length of idle cars, and justify conjectured probabilistic asymptotics algebraically for $2\leq\ell\leq3$ and numerically for $\ell\geq4$.
Neural signatures of vigilance decrements predict behavioural errors before they occur
Creators: name: Karimi-Rouzbahani, Hamid
name: Woolgar, Alexandra
name: Rich, Anina N
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Neuroscience
visual attention
magnetoencephalography
multi-variate pattern analysis
informational connectivity
vigilance decrements
error prediction
Human

description: There are many monitoring environments, such as railway control, in which lapses of attention can have tragic consequences. Problematically, sustained monitoring for rare targets is difficult, with more misses and longer reaction times over time. What changes in the brain underpin these ‘vigilance decrements’? We designed a multiple-object monitoring (MOM) paradigm to examine how the neural representation of information varied with target frequency and time performing the task. Behavioural performance decreased over time for the rare target (monitoring) condition, but not for a frequent target (active) condition. This was mirrored in neural decoding using magnetoencephalography: coding of critical information declined more during monitoring versus active conditions along the experiment. We developed new analyses that can predict behavioural errors from the neural data more than a second before they occurred. This facilitates pre-empting behavioural errors due to lapses in attention and provides new insight into the neural correlates of vigilance decrements.
Revisiting the Impact of Local Leptin Signaling in Folliculogenesis and Oocyte Maturation in Obese Mothers
Creators: name: Wołodko, Karolina
name: Castillo-Fernandez, Juan
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Galvão, António
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: leptin
obesity
ovary
folliculogenesis
oocyte

description: The complex nature of folliculogenesis regulation accounts for its susceptibility to maternal physiological fitness. In obese mothers, progressive expansion of adipose tissue culminates with severe hyperestrogenism and hyperleptinemia with detrimental effects for ovarian performance. Indeed, maternal obesity is associated with the establishment of ovarian leptin resistance. This review summarizes current knowledge on potential effects of impaired leptin signaling throughout folliculogenesis and oocyte developmental competence in mice and women.
Empirical evidence on the viability of positive information to augment environmental regulation
Creators: name: Wang, Yanbing
name: Delgado, Michael
name: Khanna, Neha
name: Bogan, Vicki
name: Wang, Yanbing
name: Delgado, Michael
name: Khanna, Neha
name: Bogan, Vicki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: environmental disclosure
subject: environmental responsibility
subject: financial incentives
subject: information as regulation
subject: positive environmental activities
subject: media release
subject: stock market value

description: We investigate the extent to which information regarding positive environmental activities undertaken by firms has the potential to influence environmental quality, and serve as a tool for regulation. In contrast to news of negative environmental performance, different types of positive environmental activities bear different signals to investors, which in turn implies that the ability of such information to augment regulation is not straightforward. We consider a range of positive environmental activities, and deploy a wide array of statistical tools to assess the impact of news regarding these activities to create financial incentives that may induce a firm to improve actual environmental quality. We find that the largest financial incentives regard self-made announcements of future activities, and bear the least credibility in terms of real environmental improvement. We consider the importance of related, potentially confounding events; differences between environmental disclosure and environmental performance; distributional impacts of public news; and endogeneity in news release. Our findings indicate positive environmental information is unlikely to augment environmental regulation.
Classical algorithms for quantum mean values
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Gosset, David
name: Movassagh, Ramis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the task of estimating the expectation value of an $n$-qubit tensor product observable $O_1\otimes O_2\otimes \cdots \otimes O_n$ in the output state of a shallow quantum circuit. This task is a cornerstone of variational quantum algorithms for optimization, machine learning, and the simulation of quantum many-body systems. Here we study its computational complexity for constant-depth quantum circuits and three types of single-qubit observables $O_j$ which are (a) close to the identity, (b) positive semidefinite, (c) arbitrary. It is shown that the mean value problem admits a classical approximation algorithm with runtime scaling as $\mathrm{poly}(n)$ and $2^{\tilde{O}(\sqrt{n})}$ in cases (a,b) respectively. In case (c) we give a linear-time algorithm for geometrically local circuits on a two-dimensional grid. The mean value is approximated with a small relative error in case (a), while in cases (b,c) we satisfy a less demanding additive error bound. The algorithms are based on (respectively) Barvinok's polynomial interpolation method, a polynomial approximation for the OR function arising from quantum query complexity, and a Monte Carlo method combined with Matrix Product State techniques. We also prove a technical lemma characterizing a zero-free region for certain polynomials associated with a quantum circuit, which may be of independent interest.
Elementos básicos y estructurales de la función educativa en tiempos de pandemia
Creators: name: Palacio, Daniela Salcedo
name: Sánchez, Karen Gutiérrez
name: Alzate, Laura Gañan
name: Rodas, Jhon Jairo Mosquera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 139999 Education not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: En la investigación se señalan factores importantes como los diferentes aspectos de la educación superior que está permeada por las relaciones sociales y la interacción Docente-estudiantes, permitiendo así un apoyo en la ejecución de los exámenes modulares y prácticas presenciales, sin embargo, actualmente el mundo está pasando por un cambio trascendental gracias al Covid-19. Prohibiendo aglomeraciones y contacto con otras personas para salvaguardarnos de esta enfermedad. Afectando el desarrollo académico y practico de los futuros profesionales. En este caso enfocándonos en los estudiantes de derecho, licenciados y psicólogos, los cuales como posiblemente los demás estudiantes de las diferentes carreras universitarias, se han visto afectados al no poder realizar sus prácticas y/o exámenes modulares de manera presencial por acatar las medidas de protección y prevención ante el Covid-19.
Denatonium as a Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Modifies Transcriptomic Profile and Functions of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Creators: name: Salvestrini, Valentina
name: Ciciarello, Marilena
name: Pensato, Valentina
name: Simonetti, Giorgia
name: Laginestra, Maria Antonella
name: Bruno, Samantha
name: Pazzaglia, Martina
name: De Marchi, Elena
name: Forte, Dorian
name: Orecchioni, Stefania
name: Martinelli, Giovanni
name: Bertolini, Francesco
name: Méndez-Ferrer, Simon
name: Adinolfi, Elena
name: Di Virgilio, Francesco
name: Cavo, Michele
name: Curti, Antonio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Oncology
acute myeloid leukemia
bitter taste receptors
denatonium benzoate
bone marrow microenvironment
bitter compounds

description: The contribution of cell-extrinsic factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) generation and persistence has gained interest. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are G protein-coupled receptors known for their primary role as a central warning signal to induce aversion toward noxious or harmful substances. Nevertheless, the increasing amount of evidence about their extra-oral localization has suggested a wider function in sensing microenvironment, also in cancer settings. In this study, we found that AML cells express functional TAS2Rs. We also highlighted a significant association between the modulation of some TAS2Rs and the poor-prognosis AML groups, i.e., TP53- and TET2-mutated, supporting a potential role of TAS2Rs in AML cell biology. Gene expression profile analysis showed that TAS2R activation with the prototypical agonist, denatonium benzoate, significantly modulated a number of genes involved in relevant AML cellular processes. Functional assay substantiated molecular data and indicated that denatonium reduced AML cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase or induced apoptosis via caspase cascade activation. Moreover, denatonium exposure impaired AML cell motility and migratory capacity, and inhibited cellular respiration by decreasing glucose uptake and oxidative phosphorylation. In conclusion, our results in AML cells expand the observation of cancer TAS2R expression to the setting of hematological neoplasms and shed light on a role of TAS2Rs in the extrinsic regulation of leukemia cell functions.
The use of experimental vignette studies to identify drivers of variations in the delivery of health care: a scoping review
Creators: name: Sheringham, Jessica
name: Kuhn, Isla
name: Burt, Jenni
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Vignettes
Healthcare variation
Inequalities

description: Abstract: Background: Identifying how unwarranted variations in healthcare delivery arise is challenging. Experimental vignette studies can help, by isolating and manipulating potential drivers of differences in care. There is a lack of methodological and practical guidance on how to design and conduct these studies robustly. The aim of this study was to locate, methodologically assess, and synthesise the contribution of experimental vignette studies to the identification of drivers of unwarranted variations in healthcare delivery. Methods: We used a scoping review approach. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL databases (2007–2019) using terms relating to vignettes and variations in healthcare. We screened title/abstracts and full text to identify studies using experimental vignettes to examine drivers of variations in healthcare delivery. Included papers were assessed against a methodological framework synthesised from vignette study design recommendations within and beyond healthcare. Results: We located 21 eligible studies. Study participants were almost exclusively clinicians (18/21). Vignettes were delivered via text (n = 6), pictures (n = 6), video (n = 6) or interactively, using face-to-face, telephone or online simulated consultations (n = 3). Few studies evaluated the credibility of vignettes, and many had flaws in their wider study design. Ten were of good methodological quality. Studies contributed to understanding variations in care, most commonly by testing hypotheses that could not be examined directly using real patients. Conclusions: Experimental vignette studies can be an important methodological tool for identifying how unwarranted variations in care can arise. Flaws in study design or conduct can limit their credibility or produce biased results. Their full potential has yet to be realised.
MOESM16 of Immunostaining of modified histones defines high-level features of the human metaphase epigenome
Creators: name: Terrenoire, Edith
name: McRonald, Fiona
name: Halsall, John
name: Page, Paula
name: Illingworth, Robert
name: A Taylor
name: Davison, Val
name: O'Neill, Laura
name: Turner, Bryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 6
Feasible Activity and Travel Time Allocations with a Discrete Choice Model: An Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Chen, Cynthia
name: Chen, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: An exploratory study using a discrete choice framework for time-use allocations is described. Instead of treating time use as continuous and dependent, it is treated as discrete and independent. By doing this, the restriction that the consumption bundle must lie on the boundary of the budget set can be enforced. Using responses collected from the 1996 travel survey for the San Francisco Bay Area, estimation of the model results is a good fit in terms of adjusted R2. This suggests that a discrete choice framework of time allocation to activities and travel is a worthwhile effort that certainly needs further investigation.
Waves and instabilities in an anisotropic universe
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Demetrios
name: Vlahos, Loukas
name: Esposito, F. Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation of low frequency plasma waves in an expanding anisotropic cosmological model which contains a magnetic field frozen into the matter and pointing in the longitudinal direction is discussed. Using the exact equations governing finite-amplitude wave propagation in hydromagnetic media within the framework of general theory of relativity, we show that a spectrum of magnetized sound waves will be excited and form large scale ``\textit{damped oscillations}'' on the expanding universe. The characteristic frequency of the excited waves is slightly shifted away from the sound frequency and the shift depends on the strength of the primordial magnetic field. This magnetic field dependent shift may have an effect on the acoustic peaks of the CMB
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press
MOESM14 of Immunostaining of modified histones defines high-level features of the human metaphase epigenome
Creators: name: Terrenoire, Edith
name: McRonald, Fiona
name: Halsall, John
name: Page, Paula
name: Illingworth, Robert
name: A Taylor
name: Davison, Val
name: O'Neill, Laura
name: Turner, Bryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 4
Quantification of the Accuracy of Low Priced GPS Receivers for Crash Location
Creators: name: Sando, Thobias
name: Mussa, Renatus
name: Sobanjo, John
name: Spainhour, Lisa
name: Sando, Thobias
name: Mussa, Renatus
name: Sobanjo, John
name: Spainhour, Lisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Global positioning system (GPS) has been identified as a potential tool for capturing crash location data. This study quantifies factors that could affect the accuracy of GPS receivers. The results showed that GPS receiver orientation, site obstructions, and weather have significant effects on the accuracy of GPS receivers. Time of day and number of satellites were not found to significantly affect the accuracy of GPS receivers. HDOP values of 1.2 or less were found to be adequate for crash location purposes. An accuracy improvement of 20.7% was realized by filtering GPS data based on HDOP values.
Zero modes of six-dimensional Abelian vortices
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
name: Be, Jean-Vincent Le
name: Riederer, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the fluctuations of Nielsen-Olesen vortices arising in the six-dimensional Abelian-Higgs model. The regular geometry generated by the defect breaks spontaneously six-dimensional Poincaré symmetry leading to a warped space-time with finite four-dimensional Planck mass. As a consequence, the zero mode of the spin two fluctuations of the geometry is always localized but the graviphoton fields, corresponding to spin one metric fluctuations, give rise to zero modes which are not localized either because of their behaviour at infinity or because of their behaviour near the core of the vortex. A similar situation occurs for spin zero fluctuations. Gauge field fluctuations exhibit a localized zero mode.
description: 45 pages in Revtex style with 4 figures
title: Prozess-Struktur-Eigenschaftskorrelation kohlenstoffbasierter Hartstoffschichten
Creators: name: Schmid, Christoph
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: Basierend auf Untersuchungen zur systematischen Entwicklung amorpher Kohlenstoffschichten für die Blechmassivumformung mittels Methoden der statistischen Versuchsplanung erfolgte in dieser Arbeit eine differenzierte und eingehende Analyse der Prozess-Struktur-Eigenschaftskorrelation zwischen ausgewählten Parametern des Beschichtungsprozesses und wesentlichen Eigenschaften von a-C:H:W-Schichten. Hierbei stand die detaillierte Betrachtung der Zusammenhänge zwischen Beschichtungsprozess, Schichtstruktur und resultierenden Eigenschaften im Vordergrund: so wurden die Schichtvarianten hinsichtlich ihres strukturellen Aufbaus, ihrer mechanischen Eigenschaften, Eigenspannungen und Bruchzähigkeit auf mikroskopischer Ebene analysiert. Neben etablierten Charakterisierungsmethoden wurden hierzu vor allem nicht standardisierte, moderne Methoden für die Eigenschaftsbestimmung dünner Schichten eingesetzt. Diese wurden an Referenzschichten adaptiert, ihre Anwendbarkeit überprüft und bei Bedarf weiterentwickelt. Die betrachteten Methoden dienen zur direkten Korrelation der mechanischen Eigenschaften mit der chemischen Zusammensetzung von mehrlagigen Schichtsystemen, zur Bestimmung des Eigenspannungszustands dünner amorpher Schichten sowie zur Analyse des Bruchverhaltens. Genutzt wurden die Charakterisierungsmethoden anschließend zur differenzierten Analyse der Prozess-Struktur-Eigenschaftskorrelation zwischen ausgewählten Prozessparametern und wesentlichen Eigenschaften von a-C:H:W-Schichten. Zur gezielten Darstellung der Schichtvarianten wurden die Prozessparameter Biasspannung und Ethinfluss während des reaktiven Magnetronsputterprozesses anhand eines zuvor abgeleiteten Regressionsmodells variiert. Die Parameterkombinationen der betrachteten Schichtvarianten wurden derart gewählt, dass sich je zwei Schichten mit einer Härte von 10 GPa sowie 16 GPa ergaben, wobei der Anstieg der Härte über eine Variation der Biasspannung oder des Ethninflusses realisiert wurde. Im Gegensatz zu den meist qualitativen, makroskopischen Charakterisierungsmethoden im industriellen Umfeld wurden die unterschiedlichen Schichteigenschaften im Rahmen dieser Arbeit quantitativ auf mikroskopischer Größenskala bestimmt. Neben der Erweiterung des Kenntnisstands bezüglich der Prozess-Struktur-Eigenschaftskorrelation amorpher Kohlenstoffschichten, dienen die Ergebnisse der Arbeit als Orientierung, inwieweit sich wesentliche Schichteigenschaften unabhängig voneinander einstellen lassen, welche Prozessführung und Abscheideparameter gewählt werden müssen, um ein gewünschtes Eigenschaftsprofil der Schichtsysteme zu erzielen, und leisten somit einen Beitrag in Richtung „maßgeschneiderte Beschichtungen“.
Leading Transportation Indicators: Forecasting Waterborne Commerce Statistics Using Lock Performance Data
Creators: name: Thoma, Mark A.
name: Wilson, Wesley W.
name: Thoma, Mark A.
name: Wilson, Wesley W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper develops and applies a forecasting model for transportation data based on the leading economic indicators literature. The specific application is to forecast river tonnages. Waterborne commerce data reflect tonnages of commodities moved on various rivers and in various directions. They are released after the Lock Performance Monitoring System data which reflect tonnages moving through specific locks. The model presented here forecasts waterborne commerce data from lock performance data. The results suggest that even a very simple model can provide precise forecasts.