cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral perturbation theory - Success and challenge
Creators: name: Scherer, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral perturbation theory is the effective field theory of the strong interactions at low energies. We will give a short introduction to chiral perturbation theory for mesons and will discuss, as an example, the electromagnetic polarizabilities of the pion. These have recently been extracted from an experiment on radiative $π^+$ photoproduction from the proton ($γp\to γπ^+ n$) at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. Next we will turn to the one-baryon sector of chiral perturbation theory and will address the issue of a consistent power counting scheme. As examples of the heavy-baryon framework we will comment on the extraction of the axial radius from pion electroproduction and will discuss the generalized polarizabilities of the proton. Finally, we will discuss two recently proposed manifestly Lorentz-invariant renormalization schemes and illustrate their application in a calculation of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, invited talk given at the Symposium 20 Years of Physics at the Mainz Microtron MAMI, 20 - 22 October 2005, Mainz, Germany
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lacrymans Villeneuve 1912
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga lacrymans
Neu
Neu fur

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lacrymans VILLENEUVE, 1912
Bgld, Weiden, Zitzmannsdorfer Wiesen, 30.5.17, 8 Ex. Neu für Burgenland. Fehlt in FRANZ (1989). Nach WHITMORE (2010) auch in Ö. In
 Fauna Europaea noch als Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) thalhammeri geführt.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 789, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Charging a Dimerized Quantum XY Chain
Creators: name: Grazi, Riccardo
name: Cavaliere, Fabio
name: Ziani, Niccolò Traverso
name: Ferraro, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum batteries are quantum systems designed to store energy and release it on demand. The optimization of their performance is an intensively studied topic within the realm of quantum technologies. Such optimization forces the question: how do quantum many-body systems work as quantum batteries? To address this issue, we rely on symmetry and symmetry breaking via quantum phase transitions. Specifically, we analyze a dimerized quantum XY chain in a transverse field as a prototype of an energy storage device. This model, which is characterized by ground states with different symmetries depending on the Hamiltonian parameters, can be mapped onto a spinless fermionic chain with superconducting correlations, displaying a rich quantum phase diagram. We show that the stored energy strongly depends on the quantum phase diagram of the model when large charging times are considered.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Retrodictive quantum optical state engineering
Creators: name: Pregnell, K. L.
name: Pegg, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although it has been known for some time that quantum mechanics can be formulated in a way that treats prediction and retrodiction on an equal footing, most attention in engineering quantum states has been devoted to predictive states, that is, states associated with the a preparation event. Retrodictive states, which are associated with a measurement event and propagate backwards in time, are also useful, however. In this paper we show how any retrodictive state of light that can be written to a good approximation as a finite superposition of photon number states can be generated by an optical multiport device. The composition of the state is adjusted by controlling predictive coherent input states. We show how the probability of successful state generation can be optimised by adjusting the multiport device and also examine a versatile configuration that is useful for generating a range of states.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
What role does knowledge of wildlife play in providing support for species' conservation
Creators: name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity
subject: conservation
subject: Australia’s tropical wildlife
subject: public knowledge
subject: balanced information.

description: Conservation of biodiversity is a complex issue. Apart from the creation of nature reserves, there is a plethora of other factors that are part of this complex web. One such factor is the public knowledge of species. Since public funding is imperative for the conservation of species and creation of reserves for them it is important to determine the public’s awareness of species and their knowledge about them. In the absence of such awareness and knowledge, it is possible that the public may misallocate their support. In other words, resources may be provided for species that do not need support urgently. We show how availability of balanced information about species helps the public to make rational decisions and to allocate support (e.g. monetary) to species that need it most. Other implications of a ‘wildlife knowledgeable’ public are also discussed.
Comment on: "Band Filling and Interband Scattering Effects in MgB2: Carbon versus Aluminium Doping"
Creators: name: Samuely, P.
name: Szabo, P.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent Physical Review Letter Kortus et al. claim that the observed decrease of $T_c$ in Al and C doped MgB$_2$ samples is mainly due to the band filling by the electron doping but for a fuller understanding of the different behavior of the superconducting energy gaps in Al and C doped samples it is necessary to also include an increased interband scattering for the carbon doped samples. We argue in the following that this latter statement is misleading and is based on the assumption that for carbon doping the two superconducting gaps merge near 10 % carbon doping: an assumption that contradicts most of the existing experimental data.
description: 1 figure
Observing the Ultrahigh Energy Universe with OWL Eyes
Creators: name: Stecker, F. W.
name: Krizmanic, J. F.
name: Barbier, L. M.
name: Loh, E.
name: Mitchell, J. W.
name: Sokolsky, P.
name: Streitmatter, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of the Orbiting Wide-field Light-collectors (OWL) mission is to study the origin and physics of the highest energy particles known in nature, the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The OWL mission consists of telescopes with UV sensitive cameras on two satellites operating in tandem to view in stereo the development of the giant particle showers induced in the Earth's atmosphere by UHECRs. This paper discusses the characteristics of the OWL mission.
description: Paper presented at the CRIS 2004 Cosmic Ray Conference on "GZK and Surroundings", to be published in Nucl. Phys. B. New figure and revised text
Public Support for Sustainable Commercial Harvesting of Wildlife: An Australian Case Study
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Australian wildlife species
subject: conservation policy
subject: commercial harvesting
subject: economic incentives
subject: endangerment
subject: public attitudes
subject: sustainable use
subject: trade.

description: This paper surveys a sample of 204 members of the Australian public to determine their attitude to the sustainable commercial harvesting of wildlife generally, and considers their specific support for the sustainable commercial harvesting of each of 24 Australian native species. The general attitude of the sample to wildlife harvesting is related to their attitude to nature conservation. The relationship between respondents’ support for the sustainable commercial harvesting of each of the species and their degree of endangerment based on IUCN Red List rankings is established and found to be an inverse one. Support for the commercial sustainable use of each of the species is compared with the willingness of respondents to pay for their conservation. Support for sustainable commercial harvesting of species is found to be inversely related to the willingness of respondents to pay is for a particular species’ conservation. In turn, this willingness to pay is found to rise with the degree of endangerment of species. While the likeability of a species has some influence on whether there is support or not for its commercial harvesting, it does not seem to be the predominant influence— the degree of endangerment of a species appears to be the major influence here. Even so, this does not imply majority support for the harvest of all species that are not threatened; rather, majority support for harvest was observed only for some species known to be abundant. None of the species that appear in the Red List have majority support for harvesting. Implications are outlined of the results for the policy of promoting wildlife conservation by means of sustainable use.
Annual cycle of downward particle fluxes on each side of the Gakkel Ridge in the Central Arctic Ocean
Creators: name: Eva-Maria Nöthig
name: Lalande Catherine
name: Fahl Kirsten
name: Metfies, Katja
name: Salter, Ian
name: Bauerfeind, Eduard
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Oceanography

description: Table S1: C/N ratios in the different traps samples
A quantum extension of SVM-perf for training nonlinear SVMs in almost linear time
Creators: name: Allcock, Jonathan
name: Hsieh, Chang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a quantum algorithm for training nonlinear support vector machines (SVM) for feature space learning where classical input data is encoded in the amplitudes of quantum states. Based on the classical SVM-perf algorithm of Joachims, our algorithm has a running time which scales linearly in the number of training examples $m$ (up to polylogarithmic factors) and applies to the standard soft-margin $\ell_1$-SVM model. In contrast, while classical SVM-perf has demonstrated impressive performance on both linear and nonlinear SVMs, its efficiency is guaranteed only in certain cases: it achieves linear $m$ scaling only for linear SVMs, where classification is performed in the original input data space, or for the special cases of low-rank or shift-invariant kernels. Similarly, previously proposed quantum algorithms either have super-linear scaling in $m$, or else apply to different SVM models such as the hard-margin or least squares $\ell_2$-SVM which lack certain desirable properties of the soft-margin $\ell_1$-SVM model. We classically simulate our algorithm and give evidence that it can perform well in practice, and not only for asymptotically large data sets.
description: 21 pages, 1 Figure, 2 Tables
Dynamic replanning in uncertain environments for a sewer inspection robot
Creators: name: Adria, Oliver
name: Streich, Hermann
name: Hertzberg, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sewer inspection robot MAKRO is an autonomous multi-segment robot with worm-like shape driven by wheels. It is currently under development in the project MAKRO-PLUS. The robot has to navigate autonomously within sewer systems. Its first tasks will be to take water probes, analyze it onboard, and measure positions of manholes and pipes to detect polluted-loaded sewage and to improve current maps of sewer systems. One of the challenging problems is the controller software, which should enable the robot to navigate in the sewer system and perform the inspection tasks autonomously, not inflicting any self-damage. This paper focuses on the route planning and replanning aspect of the robot. The robots software has four different levels, of which the planning system is the highest level, and the remaining three are controller levels each with a different degree of abstraction. The planner coordinates the sequence of actions that are to be successively executed by the robot.
Quantum criticality and excitations of a long-range anisotropic $XY$-chain in a transverse field
Creators: name: Adelhardt, P.
name: Koziol, J. A.
name: Schellenberger, A.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical breakdown of a one-dimensional quantum magnet with long-range interactions is studied by investigating the high-field polarized phase of the anisotropic XY model in a transverse field for the ferro- and antiferromagnetic case. While for the limiting case of the isotropic long-range XY model we can extract the elementary one quasi-particle dispersion analytically and calculate two quasi-particle excitation energies quantitatively in a numerical fashion, for the long-range Ising limit as well as in the intermediate regime we use perturbative continuous unitary transformations on white graphs in combination with classical Monte Carlo simulations for the graph embedding to extract high-order series expansions in the thermodynamic limit. This enables us to determine the quantum-critical breakdown of the high-field polarized phase by analyzing the gap-closing including associated critical exponents and multiplicative logarithmic corrections. In addition, for the ferromagnetic isotropic XY model we determined the critical exponents $z$ and $ν$ analytically by a bosonic quantum-field theory.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Endangerment and Likeability of Wildlife Species: How Important are they for Proposed Payments for Conservation
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Wilson, Clevo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Conservation of wildlife species
subject: contingent valuation
subject: endangerment of species
subject: likeability of species
subject: willingness to pay.

description: Examines empirically the relative influence of the degree of endangerment of wildlife species and their stated likeability on individuals’ willingness to pay (WTP) for their conservation. To do this, it utilises data obtained from the IUCN Red List and likeability and WTP data obtained from two serial surveys of a sample of the Australian public who were requested to assess 24 Australian wildlife species in each of three animal classes: mammals, birds and reptiles. Between the first and second survey, respondents were provided with extra information about the focal species. This information resulted in the clear dominance of endangerment as the major influence on the WTP of respondents for the conservation of the focal wildlife species. Our results throw doubts on the proposition in the literature that the likeability of species is the dominant influence on WTP for conservation of wildlife species. Furthermore, our results suggest that the relationship between WTP for the conservation of wildlife in relation to their population levels may be more complex and different to that suggested in some of the literature on ecological economics.
DORADA adherence study: full view into RebiSmart subdomains parameters in multiple sclerosis treatment
Creators: name: Zbyšek Pavelek
name: Novotný, Michal
name: Klímová, Blanka
name: Peterka, Marek
name: Potužník, Pavel
name: Kövári, Martina
name: Vališ, Martin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The aim of this article is to provide unique and detailed data on how patients rate the RebiSmart 2.0 in the specific User Study Questionnaire (USQ) domains, and the relationship between their rating and individual level of disability, baseline demographic/socioeconomic factors, and adherence. Twelve-month, phase IV, observational, multicenter study (no placebo or comparator) to evaluate the ease of use of the RebiSmart autoinjector for self-injection during treatment of CIS/RRMS subjects with Rebif 44 mcg sc three times a week by USQ. A total of 290 subjects participated in the study, with 249 (85.86%) completing the entire study period. The endpoint results demonstrated a very high proportion (>95%) of patients with a positive evaluation of the overall convenience of RebiSmart at each study visit. At the end of the study, all patients would recommend the device to others who need Rebif therapy. The proportion of patients rating the RebiSmart ease of use by individual domains (self-injection steps, changing the cartridge, using the device away from home) as “very easy to use” or “easy to use” and the proportion of patients rating the RebiSmart functions as “helpful” or “very helpful” were more than 80% for each domain at each study visit. These findings are in line with the potential benefits of RebiSmart to treatment adherence. They demonstrate an overall, very good perception of the device by patients and its individual functions.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lederbergi
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga lederbergi

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lederbergi (LEHRER, 1995)
OÖ, Ternberg, Kreuzmauer, Gipfel, 853m, 14.8.2017.
Neu für Oberösterreich. Fehlt in FRANZ (1989). Nach Fauna Europaea fehlen Funde aus Ö. WHITMORE (2010) gibt aber auch geprüfte Belege aus Ö an.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 790, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Dealing with the tradeoff between water for nature and water for rural livelihoods in the presence of climate uncertainties: lessons for water management
Creators: name: Varela-Ortega, Consuelo
name: Blanco-Gutierrez, Irene
name: Swartz, Christopher H.
name: Downing, Thomas E.
name: Varela-Ortega, Consuelo
name: Blanco-Gutierrez, Irene
name: Swartz, Christopher H.
name: Downing, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Water policies
subject: irrigation agriculture
subject: hydro-economic modeling.

description: In arid countries worldwide, social conflicts between irrigation-based human development and the conservation of aquatic ecosystems are widespread and attract many public debates. This research focuses on the analysis of water and agricultural policies aimed to conserve groundwater resources and to maintain rural livelihoods in a basin in Spain’s central arid region. Intensive groundwater mining has caused overexploitation of the basin’s large aquifer and the degradation of internationally reputed wetlands. This has caused notable social conflicts over the years but the policies implemented have not been able to solve them so far. The methodology consists in the integration of a farm-based economic model and a basin-based hydrology model to analyze the dynamics of different water and agricultural policies under changing climate conditions. Results show that the region’s current quota-based water policies may contribute to reduce water consumption in the farms but will not be able to recover the aquifer and will inflict economic losses to the rural communities. This situation would worsen in case of drought. The long-term sustainability of the aquifer and rural livelihoods will be attained only if additional measures are put in place such as the control of illegal abstractions and the establishing of a water bank
Twisted boundary states and representation of generalized fusion algebra
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Hiroshi
name: Tani, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mutual consistency of boundary conditions twisted by an automorphism group G of the chiral algebra is studied for general modular invariants of rational conformal field theories. We show that a consistent set of twisted boundary states associated with any modular invariant realizes a non-negative integer matrix representation (NIM-rep) of the generalized fusion algebra, an extension of the fusion algebra by representations of the twisted chiral algebra associated with the automorphism group G. We check this result for several concrete cases. In particular, we find that two NIM-reps of the fusion algebra for $su(3)_k (k=3,5)$ are organized into a NIM-rep of the generalized fusion algebra for the charge-conjugation automorphism of $su(3)_k$. We point out that the generalized fusion algebra is non-commutative if G is non-abelian and provide some examples for $G = S_3$. Finally, we give an argument that the graph fusion algebra associated with simple current extensions coincides with the generalized fusion algebra for the extended chiral algebra, and thereby explain that the graph fusion algebra contains the fusion algebra of the extended theory as a subalgebra.
description: 65 pages, 4 figures; (v2) a confusing notation bar{lambda} in eq.(2.6) changed to lambda^*, typos in eqs.(2.8) (2.72) (6.12) corrected, a reference added
Electric conductivity in finite-density SU(2) lattice gauge theory with dynamical fermions
Creators: name: Buividovich, P. V.
name: Smith, D.
name: von Smekal, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of the electric conductivity on chemical potential in finite-density $SU(2)$ gauge theory with $N_f = 2$ flavours of rooted staggered sea quarks, in combination with Wilson-Dirac and Domain Wall valence quarks. The pion mass is reasonably small with $m_π/m_ρ \approx 0.4$. We concentrate in particular on the vicinity of the chiral crossover, where we find the low-frequency electric conductivity to be most sensitive to small changes in fermion density. Working in the low-density QCD-like regime with spontaneously broken chiral symmetry, we obtain an estimate of the first nontrivial coefficient $c(T)$ of the expansion of conductivity $σ(T,μ) = σ(T,0) \left(1 + c(T) (μ/T)^2 + O(μ^4)\right)$ in powers of $μ$, which has rather weak temperature dependence and takes its maximal value $c(T) \approx 0.10 \pm 0.07$ around the critical temperature. At larger densities and lower temperatures, the conductivity quickly grows towards the diquark condensation phase, and also becomes closer to the free quark result. As a by-product of our study we confirm the conclusions of previous studies with heavier pion that for $SU(2)$ gauge theory the ratio of crossover temperature to pion mass $T_c/m_π \approx 0.4$ at $μ=0$ is significantly smaller than in real QCD.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, RevTeX; v2: new data on larger lattices added, results updated; published version
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) proxima Rondani 1860
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga proxima

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) proxima RONDANI, 1860
Bgld, Donnerskirchen, Teufelsgraben, 22.6.17, 4 Ex; Winden, Hackelsberg, 9.6.17; Zurndorf, NSG, 14.6.17 und 18.7.17; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17, 5 Ex; Jois, Schieferberg, 28.5.17, 5 Ex; Winden, Zeilerberg, 26.5.17, 6 Ex.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 790, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Volume Dependence of the Pion Mass in the Quark-Meson-Model
Creators: name: Braun, J.
name: Klein, B.
name: Pirner, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the quark-meson-model in a finite three-dimensional volume using the Schwinger proper-time renormalization group. We derive and solve the flow equations for finite volume in local potential approximation. In order to break chiral symmetry in the finite volume, we introduce a small current quark mass. The corresponding effective meson potential breaks chiral O(4) symmetry explicitly, depending on sigma and pion fields separately. We calculate the volume dependence of the pion mass and of the pion decay constant with the renormalization group flow equations and compare with recent results from chiral perturbation theory in a finite volume.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, v2: minor changes, references updated, final version published in Phys. Rev. D
Optimal circular dichroism sensing with quantum light: Multi-parameter estimation approach
Creators: name: Ioannou, Christina
name: Nair, Ranjith
name: Fernandez-Corbaton, Ivan
name: Gu, Mile
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
name: Lee, Changhyoup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of circular dichroism (CD) has widely been exploited to distinguish the different enantiomers of chiral structures. It has been applied to natural materials (e.g. molecules) as well as to artificial materials (e.g. nanophotonic structures). However, especially for chiral molecules the signal level is very low and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio is of paramount importance to either shorten the necessary measurement time or to lower the minimum detectable molecule concentration. As one solution to this problem, we propose here to use quantum states of light in CD sensing to reduce the noise below the shot noise limit that is encountered when using coherent states of light. Through a multi-parameter estimation approach, we identify the ultimate quantum limit to precision of CD sensing, allowing for general schemes including additional ancillary modes. We show that the ultimate quantum limit can be achieved by various optimal schemes. It includes not only Fock state input in direct sensing configuration but also twin-beam input in ancilla-assisted sensing configuration, for both of which photon number resolving detection needs to be performed as the optimal measurement setting. These optimal schemes offer a significant quantum enhancement even in the presence of additional system loss. The optimality of a practical scheme using a twin-beam state in direct sensing configuration is also investigated in details as a nearly optimal scheme for CD sensing when the actual CD signal is very small. Alternative schemes involving single-photon sources and detectors are also proposed. This work paves the way for further investigations of quantum metrological techniques in chirality sensing.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The Impacts of U.S. Cotton Programs on the World Market: An Analysis of Brazilian and African WTO Petitions
Creators: name: Pan, Suwen
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Brazil, supported by Australia challenged U.S. cotton programs at the September 2003 meeting of the WTO settlement Body. Brazil complained that U.S. cotton subsidies such as marketing loans, export credits, commodity certificates, direct payments and counter cyclical payments are depressing world prices and are injurious to Brazilian farmers. In addition, the West and Central African Countries (WCA) countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Chad have filed a petition with the WTO claiming that they are losing export earnings of 1 billion dollar a year as a result of subsidies by the United States and the European Union (BBMC, 2003). For WCA countries, both production and export of cotton have increased in the last decade but export revenues have declined during the same period due to lower prices.
Langevin Analysis of Eternal Inflation
Creators: name: Gratton, Steven
name: Turok, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been widely claimed that inflation is generically eternal to the future, even in models where the inflaton potential monotonically increases away from its minimum. The idea is that quantum fluctuations allow the field to jump uphill, thereby continually revitalizing the inflationary process in some regions. In this paper we investigate a simple model of this process, pertaining to inflation with a quartic potential, in which analytic progress may be made. We calculate several quantities of interest, such as the expected number of inflationary efolds, first without and then with various selection effects. With no additional weighting, the stochastic noise has little impact on the total number of inflationary efoldings even if the inflaton starts with a Planckian energy density. A "rolling" volume factor, i.e. weighting in proportion to the volume at that time, also leads to a monotonically decreasing Hubble constant and hence no eternal inflation. We show how stronger selection effects including a constraint on the initial and final states and weighting with the final volume factor can lead to a picture similar to that usually associated with eternal inflation.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Table S1. ;Figure S1;Figure S2. ;Figure S3. ;Figure S4. from Use of organic exudates from two polar diatoms by bacterial isolates from the Arctic ocean
Creators: name: Tisserand, Lucas
name: Dadaglio, Laëtitia
name: Intertaglia, Laurent
name: Catala, Philippe
name: Panagiotopoulos, Christos
name: Obernosterer, Ingrid
name: Joux, Fabien
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Oceanography

description: Marine agar 2216 and Marine broth 2216 composition;. Composition of the cultivable bacterial community. (A) Proportion of phyla represented (92 bacterial strains). (B) Proportion of phyla as a function of different habitats (sea ice bottom: 28 strains; water column2 m: 38 strains; water column 40–60 m: 26 strains). For a better representation, the phylum of Proteobacteria was divided into two classes: γ-Proteobacteria and α-Proteobacteria. ;Bacterial growth in the (A) Chaetoceros neogracilis and (B) Fragilariopsis cylindrus cultures. Values stand for means of triplicate cultures and error bars show ±SD. ;Venn diagram showing the number of bacterial strains growing with the different microalgae exudates (C. neogracilis, F. cylindrus) and diluted Marine Broth (MB). (A) Bacterial strains isolated from sea ice. (B) Bacterial strains isolated at 2–3m depth. (C) Bacterial strains isolated at 40–60m depth.;Bacterial growth of (A) Strain BBCC770, Polaribacter filamentus and (B) Strain BBCC808, Maribacter arcticus with different dilutions of Marine broth (MB) with or without stirring. The different dilutions of MB contained the following dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations: 1/25 = 8400 µM ; 1/50 = 4200 µM ; 1/100 = 2100 µM ; 1/250 = 840 µM ; 1/500 = 420 µM ; 1/1000 = 210 µM.
Chiral photoelectron angular distributions from ionization of achiral atomic and molecular species
Creators: name: Pier, Andreas
name: Fehre, Kilian
name: Grundmann, Sven
name: Vela-Perez, Isabel
name: Strenger, Nico
name: Kircher, Max
name: Tsitsonis, Dimitrios
name: Williams, Joshua B.
name: Senftleben, Arne
name: Baumert, Thomas
name: Schöffler, Markus S.
name: Demekhin, Philipp V.
name: Trinter, Florian
name: Jahnke, Till
name: Dörner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the combination of two achiral components - atomic or molecular target plus a circularly polarized photon - can yield chirally structured photoelectron angular distributions. For photoionization of CO, the angular distribution of carbon K-shell photoelectrons is chiral when the molecular axis is neither perpendicular nor (anti-)parallel to the light propagation axis. In photo-double-ionization of He, the distribution of one electron is chiral, if the other electron is oriented like the molecular axis in the former case and if the electrons are distinguishable by their energy. In both scenarios, the circularly polarized photon defines a plane with a sense of rotation and an additional axis is defined by the CO molecule or one electron. This is sufficient to establish an unambiguous coordinate frame of well-defined handedness. To produce a chirally structured electron angular distribution, such a coordinate frame is necessary, but not sufficient. We show that additional electron-electron interaction or scattering processes are needed to create the chiral angular distribution.
Radial velocity homogeneous analysis of M dwarfs observed with HARPS I. Exoplanet detection and candidates
Creators: name: Delfosse, L. Mignon X.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Meunier, N.
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Gaisne, G.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Curto, G. Lo
name: Udry, S.
name: Segransan, D.
name: Unger, N.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Mayor, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The census of planets around M dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood meets two challenges: detecting the best targets for the future characterisation of planets with ELTs, and studying the statistics of planet occurrence that are crucial to formation scenarios. The radial velocity (RV) method remains the most appropriate for such a census as it is sensitive to the widest ranges of masses and periods. HARPS, mounted on the 3.6 m telescope at La Silla Observatory (ESO, Chile), has been obtaining velocity measurements since 2003, and can therefore be used to analyse a very large and homogeneous dataset. We performed a homogeneous analysis of the RV time series of 200 M dwarfs observed with HARPS from 2003 to 2019 (gathering more than 15000 spectra), with the aim of understanding detectable signals such as stellar and planetary companions and activity signals. The RVs were computed with a template matching method before carrying out the time series analysis. First, we focused on the systematic analysis of the presence of a dominant long-term pattern in the RV time series (linear or quadratic trend and sine function). Then, we analysed higher-frequency perdiodic signals using periodograms of the residual time series and Keplerian function fitting. We found long-term variability in 57 RV time series (28.5%). This led to the revision of the parameters of the massive planet (GJ9482 b), as well as the detection of four substellar and stellar companions (around GJ3307, GJ4001, GJ4254, andGJ9588), for which we characterised inclinations and masses by combining RV and astrometry. The periodic analysis allowed us to recover 97% of the planetary systems already published in this sample, but also to propose three new planetary candidates orbiting GJ300 (7.3Me), GJ654(5Me), and GJ739 (39Me), which require additional measurements before they can be confirmed.
WebotsTM: Professional Mobile Robot Simulation
Creators: name: Michel, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyberbotics Ltd. develops WebotsTM, a mobile robotics simulation software that provides you with a rapid prototyping environment for modelling, programming and simulating mobile robots. The provided robot libraries enable you to transfer your control programs to several commercially available real mobile robots. WebotsTM lets you define and modify a complete mobile robotics setup, even several different robots sharing the same environment. For each object, you can define a number of properties, such as shape, color, texture, mass, friction, etc. You can equip each robot with a large number of available sensors and actuators. You can program these robots using your favorite development environment, simulate them and optionally transfer the resulting programs onto your real robots. WebotsTM has been developed in collaboration with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, thoroughly tested, well documented and continuously maintained for over 7 years. It is now the main commercial product available from Cyberbotics Ltd.
Effects of the hyperscaling violation and dynamical exponents on the imaginary potential and entropic force of heavy quarkonium via holography
Creators: name: Kioumarsipour, M.
name: Sadeghi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaginary potential and entropic force are two important different mechanisms to characterize the dissociation of heavy quarkonia. In this paper, we calculate these two quantities in strongly coupled theories with anisotropic Lifshitz scaling and hyperscaling violation exponent using holographic methods. We study how the results are affected by the hyperscaling violation parameter θ and the dynamical exponent z at finite temperature and chemical potential. Also, we investigate the effect of the chemical potential on these quantities. As a result, we find that both mechanisms show the same results: the thermal width and the dissociation length decrease as the dynamical exponent and chemical potential increase or as the hyperscaling violating parameter decreases.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) schineri Bezzi 1891
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga schineri

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) schineri BEZZI, 1891
Bgld, St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17, 2; Jois, Schieferberg, 28.5.17, 5 Ex; Illmitz, Hölle, 11.6.17; Breitenbrunn, Thenau, 6.6.17, 2 Ex; Winden, Hackelsberg, 9.6.17, 10 Ex; Zurndorf, NSG, 14.6.17 und 18.7.17, 3 Ex.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 790, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
On the influence of fluid rheology on hydraulic fracture
Creators: name: Wrobel, Michal
name: Mishuris, Gennady
name: Papanastasiou, Panos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a problem of a hydraulic fracture driven by a non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluid. Fluid viscosity is described by the four-parameter truncated power-law model. By varying the parameters of the rheological model we investigate spatial and temporal evolution of fluid flow inside the crack and the resulting fracture geometry. A detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis of the underlying physical phenomena is delivered. The results demonstrate that rheological properties of fluids significantly affect the process of hydraulic fracture not only by the values of viscosity, but also by the range of fluid shear rates over which variation of viscosity occurs.
A t-distribution based operator for enhancing out of distribution robustness of neural network classifiers
Creators: name: Antonello, Niccolò
name: Garner, Philip N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Network (NN) classifiers can assign extreme probabilities to samples that have not appeared during training (out-of-distribution samples) resulting in erroneous and unreliable predictions. One of the causes for this unwanted behaviour lies in the use of the standard softmax operator which pushes the posterior probabilities to be either zero or unity hence failing to model uncertainty. The statistical derivation of the softmax operator relies on the assumption that the distributions of the latent variables for a given class are Gaussian with known variance. However, it is possible to use different assumptions in the same derivation and attain from other families of distributions as well. This allows derivation of novel operators with more favourable properties. Here, a novel operator is proposed that is derived using $t$-distributions which are capable of providing a better description of uncertainty. It is shown that classifiers that adopt this novel operator can be more robust to out of distribution samples, often outperforming NNs that use the standard softmax operator. These enhancements can be reached with minimal changes to the NN architecture.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in IEEE Signal Processing Letters, reproducible code https://github.com/idiap/tsoftmax
Supplementary Materials with figures and tables from Integrative taxonomy revisits the ontogeny and trophic niches of Rimicaris vent shrimps
Creators: name: Methou, Pierre
name: Michel, Loïc N.
name: Segonzac, Michel
name: Marie-Anne Cambon-Bonavita
name: Pradillon, Florence
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Among hydrothermal vent species, Rimicaris exoculata is one of the most emblematic, hosting abundant and diverse ectosymbioses that provide most of its nutrition. Rimicaris exoculata co-occurs in dense aggregates with the much less abundant Rimicaris chacei in many Mid-Atlantic Ridge vent fields. This second shrimp also houses ectosymbiotic microorganisms but has a mixotrophic diet. Recent observations have suggested potential misidentifications between these species at their juvenile stages, which could have led to misinterpretations of their early-life ecology. Here, we confirm erroneous identification of the earliest stages and propose a new set of morphological characters unambiguously identifying juveniles of each species. On the basis of this reassessment, combined use of C, N and S stable isotope ratios reveals distinct ontogenic trophic niche shifts in both species, from photosynthesis-based nutrition before settlement, towards a chemosynthetic diet afterwards. Furthermore, isotopic compositions in the earliest juvenile stages suggest differences in larval histories. Each species thus exhibits specific early-life strategies that would, without our re-examination, have been interpreted as ontogenetic variations. Overall, our results provide a good illustration of the identification issues persisting in deep-sea ecosystems and the importance of integrative taxonomy in providing an accurate view of fundamental aspects of the biology and ecology of species inhabiting these environments.
A topological approach to neural complexity
Creators: name: De Lucia, M.
name: Bottaccio, M.
name: Montuori, M.
name: Pietronero, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Considerable efforts in modern statistical physics is devoted to the study of networked systems. One of the most important example of them is the brain, which creates and continuously develops complex networks of correlated dynamics. An important quantity which captures fundamental aspects of brain network organization is the neural complexity C(X)introduced by Tononi et al. This work addresses the dependence of this measure on the topological features of a network in the case of gaussian stationary process. Both anlytical and numerical results show that the degree of complexity has a clear and simple meaning from a topological point of view. Moreover the analytical result offers a straightforward algorithm to compute the complexity than the standard one.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
U.S. Proposal for Doha Round WTO Negotiations: What's at Stake for the U.S. Cotton Industry
Creators: name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Welch, Mark
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Welch, Mark
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Ethridge, Don E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Ministerial Declaration that emerged from the recently concluded World Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial conference in Hong Kong continued the efforts of members to reform and liberalize the world cotton market “…ambitiously, expeditiously, and specifically” (WTO, 2005). The special attention devoted to cotton serves as recognition of the nexus between trade and development and the potential role cotton plays as an engine of economic growth for some of the world’s least developed countries (LDCs). The emphasis on cotton also may indicate that agreement in this area may open the door to broader agreement on the agricultural sector in general.
Global Cotton Baseline 2008-09 - 2018/19
Creators: name: Hudson, Darren
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
name: Yates, Samantha
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
name: Yates, Samantha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: ECONOMIC FUNDAMENTALS – Real GDP growth is projected at -2.16% in 2009 for developed countries before it slowly recovers to about 2.3% per year. Developing economies, on the other hand, are projected to grow by 2.6% in 2009 before they recuperate to an average of 5.3% thereafter. – A more favorable exchange rate between the Chinese yuan and the U.S. dollar will allow for U.S. cotton to be more affordable to China’s cotton textile industry.