cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hamiltonian structure of three-dimensional gravity in Vielbein formalism
Creators: name: Hajihashemi, Mahdi
name: Shirzad, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering Chern-Simons like gravity theories in three dimensions as first order systems, we analyze the Hamiltonian structure of three theories Topological massive gravity, New massive gravity, and Zwei-Dreibein Gravity.We show that these systems demonstrate a new feature of the constrained systems in which a new kind of constraints emerge due to factorization of determinant of the matrix of Poisson brackets of constraints. We find the desired number of degrees of freedom as well as the generating functional of local Lorentz transformations and diffeomorphism through canonical structure of the system. We also compare the Hamiltonian structure of linearized version of the considered models with the original ones.
description: 30 pages
Using long-term millisecond pulsar timing to obtain physical characteristics of the bulge globular cluster Terzan 5
Creators: name: Prager, Brian
name: Ransom, Scott
name: Freire, Paulo
name: Hessels, Jason
name: Stairs, Ingrid
name: Arras, Phil
name: Cadelano, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade the discovery of three unique stellar populations and a large number of confirmed pulsars within the globular cluster Terzan 5 has raised questions over its classification. Using the long-term radio pulsar timing of 36 millisecond pulsars in the cluster core, we provide new measurements of key physical properties of the system. As Terzan 5 is located within the galactic bulge, stellar crowding and reddening make optical and near infrared observations difficult. Pulsar accelerations, however, allow us to study the intrinsic characteristics of the cluster independent of reddening and stellar crowding and probe the mass density profile without needing to quantify the mass to light ratio. Relating the spin and orbital periods of each pulsar to the acceleration predicted by a King model, we find a core density of $1.58\times$10$^6$ M$_\odot$ pc$^{-3}$, a core radius of 0.16 pc, a pulsar density profile $n\propto r^{-3.14}$, and a total mass of M$_{\rm T}$($R_\perp
description: 27 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables, thesis research, accepted
Application of Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Magnetometry to the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Kimball, Derek F. Jackson
name: Sushkov, Alexander O.
name: Aybas, Deniz
name: Blanchard, John W.
name: Centers, Gary
name: Kelley, Sean R. O
name: Wickenbrock, Arne
name: Fang, Jiancheng
name: Budker, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) seeks to measure oscillating torques on nuclear spins caused by axion or axion-like-particle (ALP) dark matter via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. A sample spin-polarized along a leading magnetic field experiences a resonance when the Larmor frequency matches the axion/ALP Compton frequency, generating precessing transverse nuclear magnetization. Here we demonstrate a Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free (SERF) magnetometer with sensitivity $\approx 1~{\rm fT/\sqrt{Hz}}$ and an effective sensing volume of 0.1 $\rm{cm^3}$ that may be useful for NMR detection in CASPEr. A potential drawback of SERF-magnetometer-based NMR detection is the SERF's limited dynamic range. Use of a magnetic flux transformer to suppress the leading magnetic field is considered as a potential method to expand the SERF's dynamic range in order to probe higher axion/ALP Compton frequencies.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Upper bounds for the spectral function on homogeneous spaces via volume growth
Creators: name: Judge, Chris
name: Lyons, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15, 58J50, 58C40, 43A85

description: We use spectral embeddings to give upper bounds on the spectral function of the Laplace--Beltrami operator on homogeneous spaces in terms of the volume growth of balls. In the case of compact manifolds, our bounds extend the 1980 lower bound of Peter Li for the smallest positive eigenvalue to all eigenvalues. We also improve Li's bound itself. Our bounds translate to explicit upper bounds on the heat kernel for both compact and noncompact homogeneous spaces.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary document for TERAHERTZ WAVE RECTIFICATION IN A FERROELECTRIC CRYSTAL - 6147368.pdf
Creators: name: Bilyk, Vladislav
name: Grishunin, Kirill
name: Rasing, Theo
name: Kirilyuk, Andrei
name: Sergeeva, Olga
name: Sherstyuk, Natalia
name: Mishina, Elena
name: Lavrov, Sergey
name: SIGOV, ALEXANDER
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Details of the THz electic field calculation
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for the XXZ Heisenberg spin chain with triangular boundaries and the corresponding Gaudin model
Creators: name: Manojlović, N.
name: Salom, and I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implementation of the algebraic Bethe ansatz for the XXZ Heisenberg spin chain, of arbitrary spin-$s$, in the case, when both reflection matrices have the upper-triangular form is analyzed. The general form of the Bethe vectors is studied. In the particular form, Bethe vectors admit the recurrent procedure, with an appropriate modification, used previously in the case of the XXX Heisenberg chain. As expected, these Bethe vectors yield the strikingly simple expression for the off-shell action of the transfer matrix of the chain as well as the spectrum of the transfer matrix and the corresponding Bethe equations. As in the XXX case, the so-called quasi-classical limit gives the off-shell action of the generating function of the corresponding trigonometric Gaudin Hamiltonians with boundary terms.
description: 39 pages. Typos corrected. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.7398, arXiv:1412.1396
A new method to constrain annihilating dark matter
Creators: name: Chan, Man Ho
name: Lee, Chak Man
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent indirect searches of dark matter using gamma-ray, radio, and cosmic-ray data have provided some stringent constraints on annihilating dark matter. In this article, we propose a new indirect method to constrain annihilating dark matter. By using the data of the G2 cloud near the Galactic supermassive black hole Sgr A*, we can get stringent constraints on the parameter space of dark matter mass and the annihilation cross section, especially for the non-leptophilic annihilation channels $b\bar{b}$ and $W^{\pm}$. For the thermal annihilation cross section, the lower bounds of dark matter mass can be constrained up to TeV order for the non-leptophilic channels with the standard spike index $γ_{\rm sp}=7/3$.
description: Accepted in MNRAS Letters
MPEC 2023-P66 : 2023 PX
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 PX

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Nonlinear quantum metrology of many-body open systems
Creators: name: Beau, Mathieu
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce general bounds for the parameter estimation error in nonlinear quantum metrology of many-body open systems in the Markovian limit. Given a $k$-body Hamiltonian and $p$-body Lindblad operators, the estimation error of a Hamitonian parameter using a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state as a probe is shown to scale as $N^{-\left(k-\frac{p}{2}\right)}$, surpassing the shot-noise limit for $2k>p+1$. Metrology equivalence between initial product states and maximally entangled states is established for $p\geq 1$. We further show that one can estimate the system-environment coupling parameter with precision $N^{-\frac{p}{2}}$, while many-body decoherence enhances the precision to $N^{-k}$ in the noise-amplitude estimation of a fluctuating $k$-body Hamiltonian. For the long-range Ising model we show that the precision of this parameter beats the shot-noise limit when the range of interactions is below a threshold value.
description: 5+9 pp, 1 figure
Connecting Primordial Gravitational Waves and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Zhumabek, Tilek
name: Denissenya, Mikhail
name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic acceleration manifested in the early universe as inflation, generating primordial gravitational waves detectable in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Cosmic acceleration is occurring again at present as dark energy, detectable in cosmic distance and structure surveys. We explore the intriguing idea of connecting the two occurrences through quintessential inflation by an $α$-attractor potential without a cosmological constant. For this model we demonstrate robustness of the connection $1+w_0\approx 4/(3N^2r)$ between the present day dark energy equation of state parameter $w_0$ and the primordial tensor to scalar ratio $r$ for a wide range of initial conditions. Analytics and numerical solutions produce current thawing behavior, resulting in a tight relation $w_a\approx-1.53(1+w_0)\approx -0.2\,(4\times 10^{-3}/r)$. Upcoming CMB and galaxy redshift surveys can test this consistency condition. Within this model, lack of detection of a dark energy deviation from $Λ$ predicts a higher $r$, and lack of detection of $r$ predicts greater dark energy dynamics.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; v2 minor changes to match published version
Lattice symmetries, spectral topology and opto-electronic properties of graphene-like materials
Creators: name: Ziegler, K.
name: Sinner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topology of the band structure, which is determined by the lattice symmetries, has a strong influence on the transport properties. Here we consider an anisotropic honeycomb lattice and study the effect of a continuously deformed band structure on the optical conductivity and on diffusion due to quantum fluctuations. In contrast to the behavior at an isotropic node we find super- and subdiffusion for the anisotropic node. The spectral saddle points create van Hove singularities in the optical conductivity, which could be used to characterize the spectral properties experimentally.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Slightly extended version, e.g. Eq.(12) included
Double quantum dots defined in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Żebrowski, D. P.
name: Peeters, F. M.
name: Szafran, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial molecular states of double quantum dots defined in bilayer graphene are studied with the atomistic tight-binding and its low-energy continuum approximation. We indicate that the extended electron wave functions have opposite parities on each of the sublattices at both graphene layers and that the ground-state wave function components change from bonding to antibonding with the interdot distance. In the weak coupling limit -- the most relevant for the quantum dots defined electrostatically -- the signatures of the interdot coupling include -- for the two-electron ground state -- formation of states with symmetric or antisymmetric spatial wave functions split by the exchange energy. In the high energy part of the spectrum the states with both electrons in the same dot are found with the splitting of energy levels corresponding to simultaneous tunneling of the electron pair from one dot to the other.
Star formation in galaxies at z~4-5 from the SMUVS survey: a clear starburst/main-sequence bimodality for Halpha emitters on the SFR-M* plane
Creators: name: Caputi, K. I.
name: Deshmukh, S.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Cowley, W. I.
name: Bisigello, L.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
name: Ilbert, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a large galaxy sample from the Spitzer Matching Survey of the UltraVISTA ultra-deep Stripes (SMUVS) to search for sources with enhanced 3.6 micron fluxes indicative of strong Halpha emission at z=3.9-4.9. We find that the percentage of "Halpha excess" sources reaches 37-40% for galaxies with stellar masses log10(M*/Msun) ~ 9-10, and decreases to <20% at log10(M*/Msun) ~ 10.7. At higher stellar masses, however, the trend reverses, although this is likely due to AGN contamination. We derive star formation rates (SFR) and specific SFR (sSFR) from the inferred Halpha equivalent widths (EW) of our "Halpha excess" galaxies. We show, for the first time, that the "Halpha excess" galaxies clearly have a bimodal distribution on the SFR-M* plane: they lie on the main sequence of star formation (with log10(sSFR/yr^{-1})-7.60). The latter contains ~15% of all the objects in our sample and accounts for >50% of the cosmic SFR density at z=3.9-4.9, for which we derive a robust lower limit of 0.066 Msun yr^{-1} Mpc^{-3}. Finally, we identify an unusual >50sigma overdensity of z=3.9-4.9 galaxies within a 0.20 x 0.20 sq. arcmin region. We conclude that the SMUVS unique combination of area and depth at mid-IR wavelengths provides an unprecedented level of statistics and dynamic range which are fundamental to reveal new aspects of galaxy evolution in the young Universe.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Re-submitted to the ApJ, after addressing referee report. Main changes with respect to v1: a new section and a new appendix have been added to investigate further the origin and robustness of the sSFR bimodality. No conclusion changed
Weakly Supervised Visual Question Answer Generation
Creators: name: Alampalle, Charani
name: Hegde, Shamanthak
name: Jahagirdar, Soumya
name: Gangisetty, Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Growing interest in conversational agents promote twoway human-computer communications involving asking and answering visual questions have become an active area of research in AI. Thus, generation of visual questionanswer pair(s) becomes an important and challenging task. To address this issue, we propose a weakly-supervised visual question answer generation method that generates a relevant question-answer pairs for a given input image and associated caption. Most of the prior works are supervised and depend on the annotated question-answer datasets. In our work, we present a weakly supervised method that synthetically generates question-answer pairs procedurally from visual information and captions. The proposed method initially extracts list of answer words, then does nearest question generation that uses the caption and answer word to generate synthetic question. Next, the relevant question generator converts the nearest question to relevant language question by dependency parsing and in-order tree traversal, finally, fine-tune a ViLBERT model with the question-answer pair(s) generated at end. We perform an exhaustive experimental analysis on VQA dataset and see that our model significantly outperform SOTA methods on BLEU scores. We also show the results wrt baseline models and ablation study.
Indistinguishable and efficient single photons from a quantum dot in a planar nanobeam waveguide
Creators: name: Kiršanskė, Gabija
name: Thyrrestrup, Henri
name: Daveau, Raphaël S.
name: Dreeßen, Chris L.
name: Pregnolato, Tommaso
name: Midolo, Leonardo
name: Tighineanu, Petru
name: Javadi, Alisa
name: Stobbe, Søren
name: Schott, Rüdiger
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Park, Suk In
name: Song, Jin D.
name: Kuhlmann, Andreas V.
name: Söllner, Immo
name: Löbl, Matthias C.
name: Warburton, Richard J.
name: Lodahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a high-purity source of indistinguishable single photons using a quantum dot embedded in a nanophotonic waveguide. The source features a near-unity internal coupling efficiency and the collected photons are efficiently coupled off-chip by implementing a taper that adiabatically couples the photons to an optical fiber. By quasi-resonant excitation of the quantum dot, we measure a single-photon purity larger than 99.4% and a photon indistinguishability of up to 94+-1% by using p-shell excitation combined with spectral filtering to reduce photon jitter. A temperature-dependent study allows pinpointing the residual decoherence processes notably the effect of phonon broadening. Strict resonant excitation is implemented as well as another mean of suppressing photon jitter, and the additional complexity of suppressing the excitation laser source is addressed. The study opens a clear pathway towards the long-standing goal of a fully deterministic source of indistinguishable photons, which is integrated on a planar photonic chip.
description: 12 pages (10 figures)
Analytical results for the entanglement Hamiltonian of a free-fermion chain
Creators: name: Eisler, Viktor
name: Peschel, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state entanglement Hamiltonian for an interval of $N$ sites in a free-fermion chain with arbitrary filling. By relating it to a commuting operator, we find explicit expressions for its matrix elements in the large-$N$ limit. The results agree with numerical calculations and show that deviations from the conformal prediction persist even for large systems.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures. Dedicated to John Cardy on the occasion of his 70th birthday. v2: minor corrections, published version
Simplified description of an active medium in quantum plasmonics
Creators: name: Chubchev, Evgeny D.
name: Andrianov, Eugeny S.
name: Vinogradov, Alexey P.
name: Lisyansky, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to simplify the theoretical description of spasers, a gain medium is commonly represented by a two-level system. A realistic model, however, should have four levels. By using the Lindblad equations we develop a description of such a system and show that depending on ratios of the Rabi frequency and the rate of relaxation of the polarization, a four-level system may be reduced to one of two effective two-level systems that reproduce the key properties of a four-level system.
OS ENTRAVES SOCIAIS E JURÍDICOS DA ADOÇÃO NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Caroline LIMA
name: Tayrini Alves de SOUSA
name: Juliana Carvalho PIVA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Adoção
Entraves sociais e Jurídicos
Brasil

description: RESUMO

A adoção como a prática tradicional remonta a séculos atrás, e existem inúmeras evidências da presença deste ato entre os babilônios, a sociedade hinduísta e a Roma antiga. A principal característica da prática de troca de crianças consistia em assegurar a continuidade de qualquer família a qualquer custo. Por outro lado, a adoção teve várias alterações que a tornaram mais aberta e digna de tradições da sociedade. Por exemplo, no Brasil, a adoção é regulamentada pelo ECA, que visa proteger bem-estar por crianças e oferecer um lar protetor, apoiando seu desenvolvimento emocional, físico e mental. No entanto, o mecanismo de adoção não é tão fácil, pois há muitas barreiras legais e sociais. No Brasil, a legislação adotiva é extremamente restrita: há obstáculos relativos à diferença de idade entre adotante e adotado e aos graus de parentesco. Além de aspectos legais, sociais, como a preferência por adoção de crianças as mais novas possíveis e com a maior semelhança física possível, interferem nas preferências da população em relação à adoção. O objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa é investigar previamente os obstáculos jurídicos e sociais brasileiros para a adoção e os problemas que produzem. Em uma revisão bibliográfica, é possível conhecer quais os efeitos que existe a interação entre a justiça e a sociedade e sócio jurídico de funcionamento da legislação brasileira sobre adoção.
Forbidden dark matter annihilation into leptons with full collision terms
Creators: name: Aboubrahim, Amin
name: Klasen, Michael
name: Wiggering, Luca Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard approach of calculating the relic density of thermally produced dark matter based on the assumption of kinetic equilibrium is known to fail for forbidden dark matter models since only the high momentum tail of the dark matter phase space distribution function contributes significantly to dark matter annihilations. Furthermore, it is known that the computationally less expensive Fokker-Planck approximation for the collision term describing elastic scattering processes between non-relativistic dark matter particles and the Standard Model thermal bath breaks down if both scattering partners are close in mass. This, however, is the defining feature of the forbidden dark matter paradigm. In this paper, we therefore include the full elastic collision term in the full momentum-dependent Boltzmann equation as well as in a set of fluid equations that couple the evolution of the number density and dark matter temperature for a simplified model featuring forbidden dark matter annihilations into muon or tau leptons through a scalar mediator. On the technical side, we perform all angular integrals in the full collision term analytically and take into account the effect of dark matter self-interactions on the relic density. The overall phenomenological outcome is that the updated relic density calculation results in a significant reduction of the experimentally allowed parameter space compared to the traditional approach, which solves only for the abundance. In addition, almost the entire currently viable parameter space can be probed with CMB-S4, next-generation beam-dump experiments or at a future high-luminosity electron-position collider, except for the resonant region where the mediator corresponds to approximately twice the muon or tau mass.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures; V2 corresponds to the published version
Testing physical models for dipolar asymmetry with CMB polarization
Creators: name: Contreras, D.
name: Zibin, J. P.
name: Scott, D.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Górski, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies exhibit a large-scale dipolar power asymmetry. To determine whether this is due to a real, physical modulation or is simply a large statistical fluctuation requires the measurement of new modes. Here we forecast how well CMB polarization data from \Planck\ and future experiments will be able to confirm or constrain physical models for modulation. Fitting several such models to the \Planck\ temperature data allows us to provide predictions for polarization asymmetry. While for some models and parameters \Planck\ polarization will decrease error bars on the modulation amplitude by only a small percentage, we show, importantly, that cosmic-variance-limited (and in some cases even \Planck) polarization data can decrease the errors by considerably better than the expectation of $\sqrt 2$ based on simple $\ell$-space arguments. We project that if the primordial fluctuations are truly modulated (with parameters as indicated by \Planck\ temperature data) then \Planck\ will be able to make a 2$σ$ detection of the modulation model with 20--75\% probability, increasing to 45--99\% when cosmic-variance-limited polarization is considered. We stress that these results are quite model dependent. Cosmic variance in temperature is important: combining statistically isotropic polarization with temperature data will spuriously increase the significance of the temperature signal with 30\% probability for \Planck.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Version updated to match PRD version
Digital transformation and innovation in business: the impact of strategic alliances and their success factors
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Kryvovyazyuk, Igor
name: Smerichevskyi, Serhii
name: Kovalska, Liubov
name: Dorosh, Viktoriia
name: Kravchuk, Pavlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Business analytics
Business information management (incl. records, knowledge and intelligence)
Business systems in context

description: The purpose of the article is to reveal the scientific approach that substantiates the impact of the creation of strategic alliances (SA) on the digital transformation of business and the development of their innovative power based on identified success factors. The aim was achieved using the following methods: abstract logic and typification (for classification of SA’s success factors), generalisation (to determine the peculiarities of SA’s influence on their innovation development), analytical and ranking method (to determine the relationship between the dynamics creating of SA and the degree of acceleration of digital transformation), expert evaluation (to determine the degree of influence of SA success factors by business areas). Implementing a business-integrated approach to understanding digital transformation will accelerate the implementation of innovation and organisational change, identifies future prospects for market, customer and business relationships, highlighting the importance of researching the factors that ensure their success. An alternative vision of SA’s success factors is suggested, which are determined by the possibilities of the organisation of partnerships and organisational culture, integration of business sectors, compatibility of management goals, external relevance, obtaining synergies. Innovation is considered by the authors as an integration factor that reconciles all groups of SA success factors, giving them the necessary focus to solve business problems. The results of the study show that the creation of SA has a significant impact on accelerating and changes the priority of digital transformation of business areas involved in strategic partnerships, and the impact of SA on the development of their innovation power is crucial.
Crowdsourcing Ground Truth for Medical Relation Extraction
Creators: name: Dumitrache, Anca
name: Aroyo, Lora
name: Welty, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cognitive computing systems require human labeled data for evaluation, and often for training. The standard practice used in gathering this data minimizes disagreement between annotators, and we have found this results in data that fails to account for the ambiguity inherent in language. We have proposed the CrowdTruth method for collecting ground truth through crowdsourcing, that reconsiders the role of people in machine learning based on the observation that disagreement between annotators provides a useful signal for phenomena such as ambiguity in the text. We report on using this method to build an annotated data set for medical relation extraction for the $cause$ and $treat$ relations, and how this data performed in a supervised training experiment. We demonstrate that by modeling ambiguity, labeled data gathered from crowd workers can (1) reach the level of quality of domain experts for this task while reducing the cost, and (2) provide better training data at scale than distant supervision. We further propose and validate new weighted measures for precision, recall, and F-measure, that account for ambiguity in both human and machine performance on this task.
description: Accepted for publication in ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS) Special Issue on Human-Centered Machine Learning
Participatory Research as a Path to Community-Informed, Gender-Fair Machine Translation
Creators: name: Gromann, Dagmar
name: Lardelli, Manuel
name: Spiel, Katta
name: Burtscher, Sabrina
name: Klausner, Lukas Daniel
name: Mettinger, Arthur
name: Miladinovic, Igor
name: Schefer-Wenzl, Sigrid
name: Duh, Daniela
name: Bühn, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have seen a strongly increased visibility of non-binary people in public discourse. Accordingly, considerations of gender-fair language go beyond a binary conception of male/female. However, language technology, especially machine translation (MT), still suffers from binary gender bias. Proposing a solution for gender-fair MT beyond the binary from a purely technological perspective might fall short to accommodate different target user groups and in the worst case might lead to misgendering. To address this challenge, we propose a method and case study building on participatory action research to include experiential experts, i.e., queer and non-binary people, translators, and MT experts, in the MT design process. The case study focuses on German, where central findings are the importance of context dependency to avoid identity invalidation and a desire for customizable MT solutions.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Four fermions in a one-dimensional harmonic trap: Accuracy of a variational-ansatz approach
Creators: name: Pęcak, Daniel
name: Dehkharghani, Amin S.
name: Zinner, Nikolaj T.
name: Sowiński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed analysis of the system of four interacting ultra-cold fermions confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap is performed. The analysis is done in the framework of a simple variational ansatz for the many-body ground state and its predictions are confronted with the results of numerically exact diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian. Short discussion on the role of the quantum statistics, i.e. Bose-Bose and Bose-Fermi mixtures is also presented. It is concluded that the variational ansatz, although seemed to be oversimplified, gives surprisingly good predictions of many different quantities for mixtures of equal as well as different mass systems. The result may have some experimental importance since it gives quite simple and validated method for describing experimental outputs.
In Search of netUnicorn: A Data-Collection Platform to Develop Generalizable ML Models for Network Security Problems
Creators: name: Beltiukov, Roman
name: Guo, Wenbo
name: Gupta, Arpit
name: Willinger, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The remarkable success of the use of machine learning-based solutions for network security problems has been impeded by the developed ML models' inability to maintain efficacy when used in different network environments exhibiting different network behaviors. This issue is commonly referred to as the generalizability problem of ML models. The community has recognized the critical role that training datasets play in this context and has developed various techniques to improve dataset curation to overcome this problem. Unfortunately, these methods are generally ill-suited or even counterproductive in the network security domain, where they often result in unrealistic or poor-quality datasets. To address this issue, we propose an augmented ML pipeline that leverages explainable ML tools to guide the network data collection in an iterative fashion. To ensure the data's realism and quality, we require that the new datasets should be endogenously collected in this iterative process, thus advocating for a gradual removal of data-related problems to improve model generalizability. To realize this capability, we develop a data-collection platform, netUnicorn, that takes inspiration from the classic "hourglass" model and is implemented as its "thin waist" to simplify data collection for different learning problems from diverse network environments. The proposed system decouples data-collection intents from the deployment mechanisms and disaggregates these high-level intents into smaller reusable, self-contained tasks. We demonstrate how netUnicorn simplifies collecting data for different learning problems from multiple network environments and how the proposed iterative data collection improves a model's generalizability.
Knowledge Elicitation via Sequential Probabilistic Inference for High-Dimensional Prediction
Creators: name: Daee, Pedram
name: Peltola, Tomi
name: Soare, Marta
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction in a small-sized sample with a large number of covariates, the "small n, large p" problem, is challenging. This setting is encountered in multiple applications, such as precision medicine, where obtaining additional samples can be extremely costly or even impossible, and extensive research effort has recently been dedicated to finding principled solutions for accurate prediction. However, a valuable source of additional information, domain experts, has not yet been efficiently exploited. We formulate knowledge elicitation generally as a probabilistic inference process, where expert knowledge is sequentially queried to improve predictions. In the specific case of sparse linear regression, where we assume the expert has knowledge about the values of the regression coefficients or about the relevance of the features, we propose an algorithm and computational approximation for fast and efficient interaction, which sequentially identifies the most informative features on which to query expert knowledge. Evaluations of our method in experiments with simulated and real users show improved prediction accuracy already with a small effort from the expert.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures. The paper is published in Machine Learning journal (http://rdcu.be/t9KF). Codes and data available at https://github.com/HIIT/knowledge-elicitation-for-linear-regression, Machine Learning, (2017)
EOSC in Georgia
Creators: name: Gvenetadze, Tamara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SIG-Marcomms
EOSC
Georgia
GRENA

description: Presentation was delivered at the SIG-Marcomms meeting in Brussels, Belgium on October 5th, 2022. This presentation is about promotion and branding activities of EOSC in Georgia.
PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
Creators: name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Combes, F.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Neri, R.
name: Bolatto, A.
name: Contini, T.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Förster
name: Lilly, S.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Wuyts, S.
name: Accurso, G.
name: Boissier, J.
name: Boone, F.
name: Bouché, N.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Carollo, M.
name: Cooper, M.
name: Cox, P.
name: Feruglio, C.
name: Freundlich, J.
name: Herrera-Camus, R.
name: Juneau, S.
name: Lippa, M.
name: Naab, T.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Salome, P.
name: Sternberg, A.
name: Tadaki, K.
name: Übler, H.
name: Walter, F.
name: Weiner, B.
name: Weiss, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides an update of our previous scaling relations (Genzel et al.2015) between galaxy integrated molecular gas masses, stellar masses and star formation rates, in the framework of the star formation main-sequence (MS), with the main goal to test for possible systematic effects. For this purpose our new study combines three independent methods of determining molecular gas masses from CO line fluxes, far-infrared dust spectral energy distributions, and ~1mm dust photometry, in a large sample of 1444 star forming galaxies (SFGs) between z=0 and 4. The sample covers the stellar mass range log(M*/M_solar)=9.0-11.8, and star formation rates relative to that on the MS, delta_MS=SFR/SFR(MS), from 10^{-1.3} to 10^{2.2}. Our most important finding is that all data sets, despite the different techniques and analysis methods used, follow the same scaling trends, once method-to-method zero point offsets are minimized and uncertainties are properly taken into account. The molecular gas depletion time t_depl, defined as the ratio of molecular gas mass to star formation rate, scales as (1+z)^{-0.6}x(delta_MS)^{-0.44}, and is only weakly dependent on stellar mass. The ratio of molecular-to-stellar mass mu_gas depends on (1+z)^{2.5}x (delta_MS)^{0.52}x(M*)^{-0.36}, which tracks the evolution of the specific star formation rate. The redshift dependence of mu_gas requires a curvature term, as may the mass-dependences of t_depl and mu_gas. We find no or only weak correlations of t_depl and mu_gas with optical size R or surface density once one removes the above scalings, but we caution that optical sizes may not be appropriate for the high gas and dust columns at high-z.
description: Now accepted by ApJ; Figures and tables have been updated, and an appendix has been added
Shock-induced melting and crystallization in titanium irradiated by ultrashort laser pulse
Creators: name: Zhakhovsky, Vasily
name: Kolobov, Yury
name: Ashitkov, Sergey
name: Inogamov, Nail
name: Nelasov, Ivan
name: Manokhin, Sergey
name: Khokhlov, Victor
name: Ilnitsky, Denis
name: Petrov, Yury
name: Ovchinnikov, Andrey
name: Chefonov, Oleg
name: Sitnikov, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modification of titanium microstructure after propagation of a melting shock wave (SW) generated by a femtosecond laser pulse is investigated experimentally and analyzed using hydrodynamic and atomistic simulations. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy with analysis of microdiffraction is used to determine the microstructure of subsurface layers of pure titanium sample before and after modification. We found that two layers of modified titanium are formed beneath the surface. A top surface polycrystalline layer of nanoscale grains is formed from a shock-molten layer via rapid crystallization. In a deeper subsurface layer, where the shock-induced melting becomes impossible due attenuation of SW, recrystallization of plastically deformed titanium leads to grain size changes in comparison with intact titanium. Molecular dynamics simulation of single-crystal titanium reveals that the SW front continues to melt/liquefy even after its temperature drops below the melting curve $T_m(P)$. The enormous shear stress generated in a narrow SW front leads to collapse/amorphization of the crystal lattice and formation of a supercooled metastable melt. Such melt crystallizes in an unloading tail of SW until its temperature becomes higher than $T_m(P)$ due to a rapid pressure drop. Later, crystallization of the subsurface molten layer will continue after the heat leaves it. After the shear stress drops below $\sim 12$GPa within the SW front, such the cold mechanical melting ceases giving place to the shock-induced plastic deformations. The depth of modification is limited by SW attenuation to the Hugoniot elastic limit, and can reach several micrometers. The obtained results reveal the basic physical mechanisms of surface hardening of metals by ultrashort laser pulses.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures. The work was reported at the 38 International Conference ELBRUS-2023 on March 1, 2023, and submitted to Physical Review Applied
A Poincaré covariant cascade method for high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Nara, Yasushi
name: Jinno, Asanosuke
name: Maruyama, Tomoyuki
name: Murase, Koichi
name: Ohnishi, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Poincaré covariant cascade algorithm based on the constrained Hamiltonian dynamics in an $8N$-dimensional phase space to simulate the Boltzmann-type two-body collision term. We compare this covariant cascade algorithm with traditional $6N$-dimensional phase-space cascade algorithms. To validate the covariant cascade algorithm, we perform box calculations. We examine the frame dependence of the algorithm in a one-dimensionally expanding system as well as the compression stages of colliding two nuclei. We confirm that our covariant cascade method is reliable to simulate high-energy nuclear collisions. Furthermore, we present Lorentz-covariant equations of motion for the $N$-body system interacting via potentials, which can be efficiently solved numerically.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, typos fixed
Holstein polaron transport from numerically "exact" real-time quantum dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Janković, Veljko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerically "exact" methods addressing the dynamics of coupled electron--phonon systems have been intensively developed. Nevertheless, the corresponding results for the electron mobility $μ_\mathrm{dc}$ are scarce, even for the one-dimensional (1d) Holstein model. Building on our recent progress on single-particle properties, here, we develop the momentum-space hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) method to evaluate real-time two-particle correlation functions of the 1d Holstein model at finite temperature. We compute numerically "exact" dynamics of the current--current correlation function up to real times sufficiently long to capture the electron's diffusive motion and provide reliable results for $μ_\mathrm{dc}$ in a wide range of model parameters. In contrast to the smooth ballistic-to-diffusive crossover in the weak-coupling regime, we observe a temporally limited slow-down of the electron on intermediate time scales already in the intermediate-coupling regime, which translates to a finite-frequency peak in the optical response. Our momentum-space formulation lowers the numerical effort with respect to existing HEOM-method implementations, while we remove the numerical instabilities inherent to the undamped-mode HEOM by devising an appropriate hierarchy closing scheme. Still, our HEOM remains unstable at too low temperatures, for too strong electron--phonon coupling, and for too fast phonons.
description: final, published version; main text: 23 pages, 8 figures; supplementary material contains detailed information on the dataset available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068546
Detection prospects of light pseudoscalar Higgs boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Guchait, Monoranjan
name: Vijay, Aravind H.
name: Kumar, Jacky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery potential of light pseudo scalar Higgs boson for the mass range 10-60 GeV is explored. In the context of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard(NMSSM) model, the branching fraction of light pseudo scalar Higgs boson decaying to a pair of photon can be quite large. A pair of light pseudo scalar Higgs boson produced indirectly through the standard model Higgs boson decay yields multiple photons in the final state and the corresponding production rate is restricted by ATLAS data. Discussing the impact of this constraint in the NMSSM, the detection prospects of light pseudoscalar Higgs boson in the channel consisting of at least three photons, a lepton and missing transverse energy are reported. It is observed that the possibilities of finding the pseudoscalar Higgs boson for the above mass range are promising for an integrated luminosity $\mathcal{L}=100 \text{fb}^{-1}$ with moderate significances, which can reach to more than 5$σ$ for higher luminosity options.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, updated references
Report on the process and impact evaluation of the intervention
Creators: name: Annemieke Wargers, Famke Mölenberg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Report on the process and impact evaluation of the intervention focus on the impact and process evaluation of the SEEDS project and interventions. Effect evaluation was based on questionnaires completed by the students before and after the intervention. The process and impact evaluation were based on student evaluation questions during the Makeathon, a questionnaire completed by the students after the intervention and input from students and stakeholders during the Brussels exchange in October 2022. This deliverable will provide some preliminary results of the SEEDS project.