cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: 02_0690
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
On excited frequencies for Alfvén waves in a coronal arcade
Creators: name: Tarr, Lucas A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The normal modes of oscillation for a magnetic arcade are used to analytically solve an initial value problem and estimate the power spectra of wave frequencies generated by a reconnection event in the solar corona. Over a realistic range of parameters, I find that such a disturbance generates a peak power at $\sim10$s$\mathrm{mHz}$ frequencies, but still substantial power up to $\sim4\mathrm{Hz}$. The cadence and sensitivity of current instrumentation does not allow observations of oscillations at these frequencies, but in the near future, new instrumentation will be able to probe this regime, and observationally determine its energetic importance.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Neutron-Proton Correlations in an Exactly Solvable Model
Creators: name: Engel, J.
name: Pittel, S.
name: Vogel, P.
name: Stoitsov, M.
name: Dukelsky, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine isovector and isoscalar neutron-proton correlations in an exactly solvable model based on the algebra SO(8). We look particularly closely at Gamow-Teller strength and double beta decay, both to isolate the effects of the two kinds of pairing and to test two approximation schemes: the renormalized neutron-proton QRPA (RQRPA) and generalized BCS theory. When isoscalar pairing correlations become strong enough a phase transition occurs and the dependence of the Gamow-Teller beta+ strength on isospin changes in a dramatic and unfamiliar way, actually increasing as neutrons are added to an N=Z core. Renormalization eliminates the well-known instabilities that plague the QRPA as the phase transition is approached, but only by unnaturally suppressing the isoscalar correlations. Generalized BCS theory, on the other hand, reproduces the Gamow-Teller strength more accurately in the isoscalar phase than in the usual isovector phase, even though its predictions for energies are equally good everywhere. It also mixes T=0 and T=1 pairing, but only on the isoscalar side of the phase transition.
description: 13 pages + 11 postscript figures, in RevTeX
title: Σχέση μαθησιακών και συναισθηματικών δυσκολιών. Απόψεις εκπαιδευτικών Α/θμιας εκπαίδευσης.
title: Relationship between learning and emotional difficulties. Views of Primary Education teachers.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βησσαράκου, Δημοκρατία- Χαρίκλεια
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Συναισθηματικές Δυσκολίες
Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση
Προοπτικές Εκπαιδευτικών
Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες
Συμπεριληπτική Εκπαίδευση

description: Εισαγωγή: Στο σύνθετο τοπίο της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, η δυναμική σχέση μεταξύ μαθησιακών και συναισθηματικών δυσκολιών επηρεάζει βαθιά το ακαδημαϊκό ταξίδι των μαθητών. Οι δάσκαλοι της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, ως παρατηρητές πρώτης γραμμής και μέντορες, διαδραματίζουν κεντρικό ρόλο στην πλοήγηση στην περίπλοκη αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ της γνωστικής ανάπτυξης και της συναισθηματικής ευεξίας. Σκοπός: Αυτή η μελέτη διερευνά τη διαφοροποιημένη αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ μαθησιακών και συναισθηματικών δυσκολιών από την οπτική γωνία των δασκάλων της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Αναγνωρίζοντας τον κρίσιμο ρόλο που διαδραματίζουν οι εκπαιδευτικοί στη διαμόρφωση της ακαδημαϊκής και συναισθηματικής ευημερίας των μαθητών, η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα στοχεύει να αναδείξει τις απόψεις, τις πεποιθήσεις και τις πρακτικές των δα-σκάλων αναφορικά με τη σχέση μεταξύ μαθησιακών αποτελεσμάτων και συναισθηματικών προκλήσεων. Μέθοδος: Η έρευνα χρησιμοποιεί μια ποσοτική προσέγγιση, χρησιμοποιώντας ένα ερωτηματολόγιο για τη συλλογή των αντιλήψεων και τη στατιστική επεξεργασία από ένα ποικίλο δείγμα δασκάλων πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης . Αποτελέσματα: Οι δάσκαλοι εντόπισαν χαμηλή αυτοεκτίμηση, απογοήτευση και απόσυρση ως συναισθηματικές δυσκολίες, υπογραμμίζοντας την πολύπλευρη φύση των προ-κλήσεων που αντιμετωπίζουν οι μαθητές με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες. Η έγκαιρη παρέμβαση θεωρείται καθοριστική για την αντιμετώπιση των προκλήσεων που αντιμετωπίζουν οι μαθητές, υπογραμμίζοντας τη σημασία της έγκαιρης και στοχευμένης υποστήριξης. Η συνεργασία με ειδικούς, όπως επαγγελματίες ειδικής αγωγής και συμβούλους, θεωρείται κρίσιμη. Συμπεράσματα: Καθώς οι δάσκαλοι αντιμετωπίζουν τις πολυπλοκότητες των συναισθηματικών δυσκολιών που συνδέονται με τις μαθησιακές προκλήσεις απαιτείται μια ολοκληρωμένη βασισμένη στην ενσυναίσθηση προσέγγιση στην εκπαίδευση. Οι προσαρμοσμένες πα-ρεμβάσεις, τα συστήματα έγκαιρης υποστήριξης και η δέσμευση για την καλλιέργεια της συναισθηματικής ευεξίας παράλληλα με την ακαδημαϊκή ανάπτυξη είναι βασικά στοιχεία για την αντιμετώπιση των διαφορετικών αναγκών των μαθητών με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες.
Sparse super resolution in microscopy: Condition, diffraction limit and trigonometric approximations
Creators: name: Hockmann, Mathias
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Super resolution
subject: Condition
subject: Resolution limit
subject: Rayleigh limit
subject: Cramer-Rao lower bound
subject: Minorant function
subject: Vandermonde matrix
subject: Christoffel function
subject: STORM
subject: SIM
subject: 510 - Mathematik

description: This thesis concerns the development of two ideas to explain the diffraction limit rigidly and it reveals that a deterministic study of the condition shows the same transition behaviour around the classical Rayleigh diffraction limit as a statistical approach using the Cramer-Rao lower bound. Surprisingly, the analysis of both approaches bases on the construction of a certain minorant function with optimal support conditions. After explaining implications towards the analysis of singular values of Vandermonde matrices with clustering nodes, it deals with approaches to solve the super resolution problem through approximation by polynomials and rational functions. For this, estimates for the rate of weak convergence in the 1-Wasserstein distance and for pointwise convergence are shown. In the last part, it is demonstrated how the deterministic and the statistical point of view allow to explain the increased resolution of microscopy techniques like stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) and structured illumination microscopy (SIM).
The analysis of vertex modified lattice rules in a non-periodic Sobolev space
Creators: name: Nuyens, Dirk
name: Cools, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a series of papers, in 1993, 1994 & 1996, Sloan & Niederreiter introduced a modification of lattice rules for non-periodic functions, called "vertex modified lattice rules"', and a particular breed called "optimal vertex modified lattice rules". In the 1994 paper, Niederreiter & Sloan concentrate explicitly on Fibonacci lattice rules, which are a particular good choice of 2-dimensional lattice rules. Error bounds in this series of papers were given related to the star discrepancy. In this paper we pose the problem in terms of the so-called unanchored Sobolev space, which is a reproducing kernel Hilbert space often studied nowadays in which functions have $L_2$-integrable mixed first derivatives. It is known constructively that randomly shifted lattice rules, as well as deterministic tent-transformed lattice rules and deterministic fully symmetrized lattice rules can achieve close to $O(N^{-1})$ convergence in this space, see Sloan, Kuo & Joe (2002) and Dick, Nuyens & Pillichshammer (2014) respectively. We derive a break down of the worst-case error of vertex modified lattice rules in the unanchored Sobolev space in terms of the worst-case error in a Korobov space, a multilinear space and some additional "mixture term". For the 1-dimensional case this worst-case error is obvious and gives an explicit expression for the trapezoidal rule. In the 2-dimensional case this mixture term also takes on an explicit form for which we derive upper and lower bounds. For this case we prove that there exist lattice rules with a nice worst-case error bound with the additional mixture term of the form $N^{-1} \log^2(N)$.
description: The data from the table and the figure can be downloaded as the file "wce.csv" (comma separated values)
title: Gazette SHCC, cycle 9, Corps, séance du 7 avril 2016
Creators: name: Schmidt, Nicolas
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Relation: http://purl.org/poi/crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr/cocoon-047da599-18d5-46f9-bda5-9918d5d6f989
A mathematical framework for standard generalized materials in the rate-independent case
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Rate independence
subject: energetic formulation
subject: Gamma-convergence
subject: relaxation
subject: shape-memory material
subject: magnetostriction
subject: piezoelectricity
subject: 35K85
subject: 49S05
subject: 74C15
subject: 74N15

description: Standard generalized materials are described by an elastic energy density and a dissipation potential. The latter gives rise to the evolution equation (flow law) for the internal variables. The energetic formulation provides a very weak, derivative-free form of this flow law. It is based on a global stability condition and an energy balance. Using time-incremental minimization problems, which allow for the usage of the rich theory in the direct method of the calculus of variations, it is possible to establish general, abstract existence results as well as convergence for numerical approximations. Applications to shape-memory materials and to magnetostrictive or piezoelectric materials are surveyed.
PCANS Model of Structure in Organizations
Creators: name: Krackhardt, David
name: Carley, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper presents a network based approach to characterize organizational architectures in terms of three domain elements - individuals, tasks, and resources. Characterizing the possible relations among these elements results in five relational primitives - Precedence, Commitment of resources, Assignment of individuals to tasks, Networks (of relations among personnel) and Skills linking individuals to resources. It is demonstrated that the utility of this model for re-characterizing classical organizational theory and for generating a series of testable hypotheses about organizational performance.
title: Petitioning and People Power in Twentieth-Century Britain
Creators: name: Bocking-Welch, Anna
name: Huzzey, Richard
name: Leston-Bandeira, Cristina
name: Miller, Henry
Publisher: name: National Centre for Research Methods
Year: 2022

description: In their contribution, Bocking-Welch, Huzzey, Leston-Bandeira and Miller set out their historico-political approach to the investigation of petitioning as a practice over a one-hundred-year period. In this context, specific petitions or even public discussion of specific petitions provide trace data for exploring the practices which produced them. Rather than a single, stable set of practices, Bocking-Welch, Huzzey, Leston-Bandeira and Miller show those practices are embedded in, shape and are shaped by wider social, cultural and political contexts. By tracing petitioning outwards to these varied contexts, they expand the notion of the political by expanding our understanding of where politics happens and what is involved.
Sensitivities for Bermudan options by regression methods
Creators: name: Belomestny, Denis
name: Milstein, Grigori N.
name: Schoenmakers, John G. M.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Monte Carlo simulation
subject: regression method
subject: conditional probabilistic representations
subject: optimal stopping times
subject: American and Bermudan options
subject: deltas
subject: 60H30
subject: 65C05
subject: 91B28

description: In this article we propose several pathwise and finite difference based methods for calculating sensitivities of Bermudan options using regression methods and Monte Carlo simulation. These methods rely on conditional probabilistic representations which allows, in combination with a regression approach, an efficient simultaneous computation of sensitivities at all initial positions. Assuming that the price of a Bermudan option can be evaluated sufficiently accurate, we develop a method for constructing deltas based on least squares. We finally propose a testing procedure for assessing the performance of the developed methods.
GEOMS: A software package for the numerical integration of general model equations of multibody systems
Creators: name: Steinbrecher, Andreas
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: differential-algebraic equations
subject: equations of motion
subject: multibody system
subject: numerical integration
subject: simulation
subject: 70E55
subject: 65L80

description: In this paper we present the new numerical algorithm GEOMS for the numerical integration of the most general form of the equations of motion of multibody systems, including nonholonomic constraints and possible redundancies in the constraints, as they may appear in industrial applications. Besides the numerical integration it offers some additional features like stabilization of the model equations, use of different decomposition strategies, or checking and correction of the initial values with respect to their consistency. Furthermore, GEOMS preserves hidden constraints and (possibly) existing solution invariants if they are provided as equations. We will also demonstrate the performance and the applicability of GEOMS for two mechanical examples of different degrees of complexity.
The Effect of Expansion on Mass Entrainment and Stability of Super-Alfvénic Jets
Creators: name: Rosen, A.
name: Hardee, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend investigations of mass entrainment by jets, which previously have focused on cylindrical supermagnetosonic jets and expanding trans-Alfvénic jets, to a set of expanding supermagnetosonic jets. We precess these jets at the origin to excite the helical mode of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (or KH) instability, in order to compare the results with predictions from linear stability analysis. We analyze this simulation set for the spatial development of magnetized mass, which we interpret as jet plus entrained, initially unmagnetized external mass. As with the previous simulation sets, we find that the growth of magnetized mass is associated with the growth of the KH instability through linear, nonlinear, and saturated stages and with the expansion of magnetized material in simulated observations of the jet. From comparison of measured wavelengths and wave speeds with the predictions from linear stability analysis, we see evidence that the KH instability is the primary cause for mass entrainment in these simulations, and that the expansion reduces the rate of mass entrainment. This reduced rate can be observed as a somewhat greater distance between the two transition points separating the three stages of expansion.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, AASTeX, to appear in Nov 1 issue of ApJ (vol 543), postscript versions of Figures 3 and 5 are available at http://crux.astr.ua.edu/~rosen/supcon/rh.html
A Systematic and Comparative Study in Deep Learning Approaches in Extraocular Muscle Segmentation and Analysis in Orbit Magnetic Resonance Images
Creators: name: Qureshi, Amad Aamir
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deep Learning
Strabismus
Ophthalmology
Extraocular Muscles
MRI
Segmentation

description: Strabismus is an ocular condition characterized by binocular misalignment, which impacts about 5% of the global population. It can cause double vision, reduced vision, and impair the quality of life. Accurate diagnosis and treatment planning often benefits from the anatomical evaluation of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) that can be obtained by imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such image-based examination requires segmenting the ocular structures from images, which is a labor and time-intensive task, subject to error when done manually. Deep learning-based segmentation has shown promise to outline anatomical structures automatically and objectively. We performed three sets of experimentation for EOM segmentation via DLmethods. Furthermore, we analyzed the performance of the deep learning methods through F-measure-based metrics, intersection over union (IoU) and Dice coefficient, and estimation of the EOM centroid (centroid offset). We first investigated the performance of U-Net, U-NeXt, DeepLabV3+, and ConResNet in multi-class pixel-based segmentation of the EOMs from ocular MRI taken in the quasi-coronal plane. Based on the performance evaluation (visual and the quantitative metrics mentioned), the U-Net model achieved the highest overall segmentation accuracy, and lowest centroid offset. It was noted that segmentation accuracy varied in spatially different image plane – relative to the middle slice (optic nerve junction point) in the MRI stack. In the second set of experiments, we compared the performance of the U-Net model with its variants, UNeXt, Attention U-Net and FD-UNet and subjected the prediction outputs to the same evaluation as before, with U-Net achieving the best performance. We also explored methods in an attempt to improve the model performance – particularly with data augmentation and enhancement, where methods such as Adaptive Gamma Correction and CLAHE enhancement were used with the U-Net model. No significant difference was observed when CLAHE, Adaptive Gamma Correction and a dataset with unenhanced, CLAHE, and adaptive gamma corrected images were tested against unenhanced data, however, did result in better quantitative performance than the standard augmentation technique. Our study provides the insights into the factors that impact the accuracy of deep learning models in segmenting the EOMs, such as spatial slice location, image quality, and contrast and demonstrate the potential of these models in translating into 3D space for potential diagnosis and treatment planning for patients with strabismus and other ocular conditions.
Rate independent Kurzweil processes
Creators: name: Krejčí, Pavel
name: Liero, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rate independent process
subject: Kurzweil integral
subject: variational inequality
subject: 49J40
subject: 49J53
subject: 74C15

description: The Kurzweil integral technique is applied to a class of rate independent processes with convex energy and discontinuous inputs. We prove existence, uniqueness, and continuous data dependence of solutions in $BV$ spaces. It is shown that in the context of elastoplasticity, the Kurzweil solutions coincide with natural limits of viscous regularizations when the viscosity coefficient tends to zero. The discontinuities produce an additional positive dissipation term, which is not homogeneous of degree one.
title: Dominique Mathez, Deborah Paul, Th. Calvez, Gilles Pialoux, Raymond Schinazi, Jacques Leibowitch, "Infectious patients' cells as the primary target/focus of anti-HIV potency evaluation in vitro and ex vivo"
Creators: name: Calvez, Thierry
name: Pialoux, Gilles (1956-....)
name: Mathez, Dominique (19..-....)
name: Paul, Deborah (19XX-....)
name: Schinazi, Raymond F.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Résumé.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111031798142
Science Data Bank数据政策
Creators: name: Jiang, Lulu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: ScienceDB data policy is maintained by the ScienceDB data curation team. The policy includes Data Type, Codes of Conduct for Depositors, Data Review Criteria, Data License Agreements, How to cite data published on ScienceDB, Data Retraction, and Others. The latest version of the policy is published on November 7, 2020.
Monotonicity properties of the quantum mechanical particle density
Creators: name: Kaiser, Hans-Christoph
name: Neidhardt, Hagen
name: Rehberg, Joachim
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Trace functionals
subject: trace class operators
subject: monotonicity
subject: 47H05
subject: 47B10

description: An elementary proof of the anti-monotonicity of the quantum mechanical particle density with respect to the potential in the Hamiltonian is given for a large class of admissible thermodynamic equilibrium distribution functions. In particular the zero temperature case is included.
UI-Net: Interactive Artificial Neural Networks for Iterative Image Segmentation Based on a User Model
Creators: name: Amrehn, Mario
name: Gaube, Sven
name: Unberath, Mathias
name: Schebesch, Frank
name: Horz, Tim
name: Strumia, Maddalena
name: Steidl, Stefan
name: Kowarschik, Markus
name: Maier, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.4.6; I.5.5
subject: 68T05, 68T45

description: For complex segmentation tasks, fully automatic systems are inherently limited in their achievable accuracy for extracting relevant objects. Especially in cases where only few data sets need to be processed for a highly accurate result, semi-automatic segmentation techniques exhibit a clear benefit for the user. One area of application is medical image processing during an intervention for a single patient. We propose a learning-based cooperative segmentation approach which includes the computing entity as well as the user into the task. Our system builds upon a state-of-the-art fully convolutional artificial neural network (FCN) as well as an active user model for training. During the segmentation process, a user of the trained system can iteratively add additional hints in form of pictorial scribbles as seed points into the FCN system to achieve an interactive and precise segmentation result. The segmentation quality of interactive FCNs is evaluated. Iterative FCN approaches can yield superior results compared to networks without the user input channel component, due to a consistent improvement in segmentation quality after each interaction.
description: This work is submitted to the 2017 Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
Dynamics of dark energy
Creators: name: Copeland, Edmund J.
name: Sami, M.
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating Universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.
description: 93 pages, 26 figures, Invited Review to be submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics D; comments are welcome; Additional references included in response to over 60 comments received. Rewriting of sub-sections on anthropic principle and gravitational backreaction. New subsections added
Overestimating the Effect of Complementarity on Skill Demand
Creators: name: Kovak, Brian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Many recent studies estimate cost function parameters to measure the influence of capital-skill complementarity on changes in skill demand. This paper argues that standard cost function estimates assuming quasi-fixed capital systematically overestimate the effect of complementarity when subject to skill-biased technological change. While previous work has considered bias due to measurement error or general endogeneity concerns, this paper shows that upward bias results directly from cost minimizing behavior. I also develop a novel instrumental variables strategy based on the tax treatment of capital to more accurately measure the effect of complementarity. Although somewhat imprecise, the IV results support the model's prediction that the standard approach overestimates the effect of complementarity.
Electronic structure of a dinuclear ruthenium(II)-2,2’-bipyridine complex
Creators: name: Soek, Rafael Natan
name: Ito, Luisa L. Kawanishi
name: Campos, Renan Borsoi
name: Nunes, Fábio Souza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The dinuclear polypyridyl complex [{Ru(bipy)2}2(µ-L)](PF6)4, where bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine and L = 2,6-bis[(1,10-phenantroline-5-amine)methyl]pyridine, was prepared and characterized by UV-Vis and infrared spectroscopy. Geometry optimization revealed the possibility of three conformers, and time-dependent density functional theory calculations provided access to the correct excited state composition and unambiguous assignment of the characteristic metal-ligand charge transfer transitions.
Order Without Law? Property Rights During the California Gold Rush
Creators: name: Clay, Karen
name: Wright, Gavin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The paper reconsiders the nature of mining districts and property rights during the California gold rush. According to a widely accepted view advanced by Umbeck (1977, 1981), in the absence of effective legal authority, district codes established secure property rights in mining claims. Drawing on a data set of mining district codes and a simple theoretical model, we argue that the main historical features of mining districts may best be understood by viewing them not as enforcers of private property rights, but as institutions for managing access to a nonrenewable resource, in what was fundamentally an open-access context.
Freezing and correlations in fluids with competing interactions
Creators: name: Pini, D.
name: Parola, A.
name: Reatto, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider fluids where the attractive interaction at distances slightly larger than the particle size is dominated at larger distances by a repulsive contribution. A previous investigation of the effects of the competition between attraction and repulsion on the liquid-vapour transition and on the correlations is extended to the study of the stability of liquid-vapour phase separation with respect to freezing. We find that this long-range repulsive part of the interaction expands the region where the fluid-solid transition preempts the liquid-vapour one, so that the critical point becomes metastable at longer attraction ranges than those required for purely attractive potentials. Moreover, the large density fluctuations that occur near the liquid-vapour critical point are greatly enhanced by the competition between attractive and repulsive forces, and encompass a much wider region than in the attractive case. The decay of correlations for states where the compressibility is large is governed by two characteristic lengths, and the usual Ornstein-Zernike picture breaks down except for the very neighborhood of the critical point, where one length reduces to the commonly adopted correlation length, while the other one saturates at a finite value.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. To appear in J. Phys.: Condensed Matter, special issue: "Topics in Application of Scattering Methods for Investigation of Structure and Dynamics of Soft Condensed Matter", Fiesole, November 2005
Determination of pKa of the methylene moiety of the Ni(II) complexed glycine Schiff base with N-(2-benzoyl-4-chlorophenyl)-2-dibutylamino-acetamide by spectroscopic methods in non-aqueous conditions
Creators: name: Crisp, Audra
name: Vinson, Blake
name: Bergagnini-Kolev, Mackenzie
name: Tran, Tien
name: Ellis, Trevor K.
name: Henrikson, Jon C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: The C-H substitution of the methylene moiety of glycine in nickel(II) glycine Schiff bases has proven useful for the preparation of a variety of α-amino acids. Recently, it has been shown that the integration of electron withdrawing groups into the ligand system of these nickel(II) complexes enhances their reactivity. It is hypothesized that this enhanced reactivity is, in part, due to decreased pKa of the α-proton of glycine due to delocalization of the resulting charge. However, there is a lack information or direct evidence of the relationship between the pKa of the α-protons of glycine in these complexes and perturbation of the electronic system of the ligand in the literature. Therefore, to better understand the observed reactivity, a method to determine the pKa of these complexes in non-aqueous solvent conditions is needed. In this work, the method and data analysis to find the pKa of the Ni(II) complex of glycine Schiff base with N-(2-benzyoly-4-chlorophenyl)-2-dibutylamino-acetamide is described.
New limits on cosmic strings from gravitational wave observation
Creators: name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Olum, Ken D.
name: Siemens, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine new analysis of the stochastic gravitational wave background to be expected from cosmic strings with the latest pulsar timing array (PTA) limits to give an upper bound on the energy scale of the possible cosmic string network, $Gμ< 1.5\times 10^{-11}$ at the 95% confidence level. We also show bounds from LIGO and to be expected from LISA and BBO. Current estimates for the gravitational wave background from supermassive black hole binaries are at the level where a PTA detection is expected. But if PTAs do observe a background soon, it will be difficult in the short term to distinguish black holes from cosmic strings as the source, because the spectral indices from the two sources happen to be quite similar. If PTAs do not observe a background, then the limits on $Gμ$ will improve somewhat, but a string network with $Gμ$ substantially below $10^{-11}$ will produce gravitational waves primarily at frequencies too high for PTA observation, so significant further progress will depend on intermediate-frequency observatories such as LISA, DECIGO and BBO.
description: 9 pages, updated link to companion paper
A pilot study of in vivo evaluation of human skin sunburn with handheld Spatially Offset Raman Spectrometer
Creators: name: Cai, Isabella J.
name: Wang, Sophia Star
name: Wu, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Sunburn is a common and high-risk precancerous skin lesion caused by overexposure to ultraviolet radiation. Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy, a specialized in-depth profiling technique, has the potential to serve as a noninvasive, in vivo metrology tool for rapid assessment of sunburn and recovery. In this study, we employ the recently developed handheld spatially offset Raman spectrometer, which demonstrates the ability to perform in vivo in-depth skin profile in areas where sunburn develops and recovers. After evaluating the similarity of different in vivo individual skin sites, we collected time-dependent spectra to investigate the evolution of sunburn under different conditions. Our findings revealed that both the skin surface and subsurface undergo diverse compositional changes during sunburn, which can be readily detected using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy. This method also proved valuable in evaluating the efficacy of different sunscreens and sunburn resistance across various skin regions.
Strobelia baccharidis Rondani 1868
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Strobelia
Strobelia baccharidis

description: Strobelia baccharidis Rondani, 1868
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1868b: 29.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires (Argentina)]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♀, syntype (missing right mid-leg) (MZUF: Box 72): Strobelia Rnd. baccharidis Rnd., Amer. M. [= South America] / [no identification number].
 CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Foote 1967: 42, Norrbom et al. 1999: 211), valid species, as Rachiptera baccharidis (Norrbom et al. 2010: 50).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1868b: 29) described Strobelia baccharidis without specifying the number, the sex or the length of the specimens, from material received from P. Strobel. We found one syntype in this study. Rondani (1868b) indicated the type locality as Buenos Aires (Argentina) where Strobel taught from 1865–1867, but the specimen itself is labeled “ Am. Mer. ” (= “ America Meridionali ”) [South America].
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 373, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Expansion of random boundary excitations for elliptic PDEs
Creators: name: Sabelfeld, Karl
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: White noise
subject: generalized random processes
subject: Karhunen-Loève expansion
subject: Poisson integral formula
subject: random boundary excitations
subject: Laplace equations
subject: biharmonic equations
subject: Lamé equations
subject: 65C05
subject: 65C20
subject: 65Z05
subject: 02.70.Pt

description: In this paper we deal with elliptic boundary value problems with random boundary conditions. Solutions to these problems are inhomogeneous random fields which can be represented as series expansions involving a complete set of deterministic functions with corresponding random coefficients. We construct the Karhunen-Loève (K-L) series expansion which is based on the eigen-decomposition of the covariance operator. It can be applied to simulate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous random fields. We study the correlation structure of solutions to some classical elliptic equations in respond to random excitations of functions prescribed on the boundary. We analyze the stochastic solutions for Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions to Laplace equation, biharmonic equation, and to the Lamé system of elasticity equations. Explicit formulae for the correlation tensors of the generalized solutions are obtained when the boundary function is a white noise, or a homogeneous random field on a circle, a sphere, and a half-space. These exact results may serve as an excellent benchmark for developing numerical methods, e.g., Monte Carlo simulations, stochastic volume and boundary element methods.
Optimum Population -- A New Look: A Hamiltonian Approach Towards a Dynamic Analysis
Creators: name: Farasat  Bokhari
name: McCarthy, George W.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Heinz College paper
Observation of the Quantum Spin Hall Effect up to 100 Kelvin in a Monolayer Crystal
Creators: name: Wu, Sanfeng
name: Fatemi, Valla
name: Gibson, Quinn D.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Cava, Robert J.
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of topological insulators (TI) was sparked by the prediction of the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) in time reversal invariant systems, such as spin-orbit coupled monolayer graphene. Ever since, a variety of monolayer crystals have been proposed as two-dimensional (2D) TIs exhibiting the QSHE, possibly even at high temperatures. However, conclusive evidence for a monolayer QSHE is still lacking, and systems based on semiconductor heterostructures operate at temperatures close to liquid helium. Here we report the observation of the QSHE in monolayer WTe2 at temperatures up to 100 Kelvin. The monolayer exhibits the hallmark quantized transport conductance, ~ e2/h per edge, in the short edge limit. Moreover, a magnetic field suppresses the conductance, and the observed Zeeman-type gap indicates the existence of a Kramers degenerate point, demonstrating the importance of time reversal symmetry for protection from elastic backscattering. Our results establish the high-temperature QSHE and open a new realm for the discovery of topological phases based on 2D crystals.
description: 11 pages of maintext + 16 pages of supplementary materials
Trace formulae for dissipative and coupled scattering systems
Creators: name: Behrndt, Jussi
name: Malamud, Mark
name: Neidhardt, Hagen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Scattering system
subject: scattering matrix
subject: boundary triplet
subject: Titchmarsh-Weyl function
subject: spectral shift function
subject: Krein-Birman formula
subject: 47A40
subject: 47A55
subject: 47B44

description: For scattering systems consisting of a (family of) maximal dissipative extension(s) and a selfadjoint extension of a symmetric operator with finite deficiency indices, the spectral shift function is expressed in terms of an abstract Titchmarsh-Weyl function and a variant of the Birman-Krein formula is proved.
On description of the direct nucleon decay of giant resonances
Creators: name: Chekomazov, G. A.
name: Muraviev, S. E.
name: Urin, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semimicroscopical approach is formulated to describe the direct nucleon decay of various giant resonances in intermediate and heavy mass spherical nuclei. The approach consists in: (i) the exact continuum-RPA calculations for amplitudes of the reactions accompanied by excitation and the nucleon decay of the collective particle-hole states (doorway states); (ii) the Breit-Wigner parametrization of the RPA reaction-amplitudes in the vicinity of the giant giant-resonance energy and evaluation of the doorway-state parameter (the energy, entrance and partial nucleon, escape widths); (iii) the phenomenological consideration for the doorway-state coupling to many-particle configurations with the use of reasonable statistical assumptions and derivation on this base the expressions for the energy-averaged reaction amplitudes. The nuclear mean field and quasiparticle interaction are the input quantities for calculations. Examples of description for the direct nucleon decay of a number of giant resonances in the $^{208}Pb$ parent nucleus are given together with the comparison with corresponding experimental data.
description: LaTeX, 6 pages
A binary main belt comet
Creators: name: Agarwal, Jessica
name: Jewitt, David
name: Mutchler, Max
name: Weaver, Harold
name: Larson, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroids are primitive solar system bodies which evolve both collisionally and through disruptions due to rapid rotation [1]. These processes can lead to the formation of binary asteroids [2-4] and to the release of dust [5], both directly and, in some cases, through uncovering frozen volatiles. In a sub-set of the asteroids called main-belt comets (MBCs), the sublimation of excavated volatiles causes transient comet-like activity [6-8]. Torques exerted by sublimation measurably influence the spin rates of active comets [9] and might lead to the splitting of bilobate comet nuclei [10]. The kilometer-sized main-belt asteroid 288P (300163) showed activity for several months around its perihelion 2011 [11], suspected to be sustained by the sublimation of water ice [12] and supported by rapid rotation [13], while at least one component rotates slowly with a period of 16 hours [14]. 288P is part of a young family of at least 11 asteroids that formed from a ~10km diameter precursor during a shattering collision 7.5 million years ago [15]. Here we report that 288P is a binary main-belt comet. It is different from the known asteroid binaries for its combination of wide separation, near-equal component size, high eccentricity, and comet-like activity. The observations also provide strong support for sublimation as the driver of activity in 288P and show that sublimation torques may play a significant role in binary orbit evolution.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Optimizing Counter-Terror Operations: Should One Fight Fire with "Fire" or "Water"?
Creators: name: Caulkins, Jonathan
name: Grass, Dieter
name: Feichtinger, Gustav
name: Tragler, Gernot
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper deals dynamically with the question of how recruitment to terror organizations is influenced by counter-terror operations. This is done within a optimal control model, where the key state is the (relative) number of terrorists and the key controls are two types of counter-terror tactics, one (“water”) that does not one (“fire”) that does provoke recruitment of new terrorists. The model is nonlinear and does not admit analytical solutions, but an efficient numerical implementation of Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle allows for solution with base case parameters and considerable sensitivity analysis. Generally this model yields two different steady states, one where the terror-organization is nearly eradicated and one with a high number of terrorists. Whereas water strategies are used at almost any time, it can be optimal not to use fire strategies if the number of terrorists is below a certain threshold.
The sharp-interface limit for the Navier--Stokes--Korteweg equations
Creators: name: Abels, Helmut
name: Daube, Johannes
name: Kraus, Christiane
name: Kröner, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sharp-interface limit
subject: diffuse-interface model
subject: liquid-vapour flow
subject: Navier--Stokes--Korteweg system
subject: free-boundary problem.
subject: 35B40
subject: 76T10
subject: 35Q35
subject: 35R35

description: We investigate the sharp-interface limit for the Navier--Stokes--Korteweg model, which is an extension of the compressible Navier--Stokes equations. By means of compactness arguments, we show that solutions of the Navier--Stokes--Korteweg equations converge to solutions of a physically meaningful free-boundary problem. Assuming that an associated energy functional converges in a suitable sense, we obtain the sharp-interface limit at the level of weak solutions.