cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATING PRICE VARIABILITY IN AGRICULTURE: IMPLICATIONS FOR DECISION MAKERS
Creators: name: Ray, Daryll E.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Torre Ugarte, Daniel De La
name: Tiller, Kelly
name: Ray, Daryll E.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Torre Ugarte, Daniel De La
name: Tiller, Kelly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: POLYSYS model
subject: Price variability
subject: Stochastic simulation

description: Using a stochastic version of the POLYSYS modeling framework, an examination of projected variability in agricultural prices, supply, demand, stocks, and incomes is conducted for corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton during the 1998-2006 period. Increased planting flexibility introduced in the 1996 farm bill results in projections of significantly higher planted acreage variability compared to recent historical levels. Variability of ending stocks and stock-to-use ratios is projected to be higher for corn and soybeans and lower for wheat and cotton compared to the 1986-96 period. Significantly higher variability is projected for corn prices, with wheat and soybean prices also being more variable. No significant change in cotton price variability is projected.
New and unpublished data about the ground beetles from tribes Amarini and Harpalini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Bulgaria
Creators: name: Teofilova, Teodora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Bulgarian carabid fauna is relatively well studied but there are still many taxa and regions in the country lacking enough research. This study provides new information and new records on 93 carabid (Coleoptera: Carabidae) species of the tribes Amarini (28 species) and Harpalini (65 species), and 23 zoogeographical regions and subregions in Bulgaria. The focus is on tribes Amarini and Harpalini, which are among the most abundant and species-rich in Bulgaria. Fifty-one, or more than the half of the species collected are recorded for the first time in 20 different zoogeographical regions of Bulgaria. Twenty-nine species are reported for the second time about the 15 regions where they were currently collected. Sixty-six species haven’t been reported for more than 20 years from the Eastern and Western Stara Planina Mts., Kraishte region, Osogovska planina Mt., Boboshevo-Simitli valley, Sandanski-Petrich valley, Vitosha Mts., Rila Mts., and Pirin Mts.
Loop-Generated Neutrino Masses in Composite Higgs Models
Creators: name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Rosenlyst, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a composite scotogenic model for neutrino masses, which are generated via loops of $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd composite scalars. We consider three different approaches to the couplings of the neutrinos (including three right-handed singlets) and the composite sector: ETC-like four-fermion interactions, fundamental partial compositeness and fermion partial compositeness. In all cases, the model can feature sizeable couplings and remain viable with respect to various experimental constraints if the three $ \mathbb{Z}_2 $-odd right-handed neutrinos have masses between the TeV and the Planck scales. Additionally, the lightest $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd composite scalar may play the role of Dark Matter, either via thermal freeze-out or as an asymmetric relic. This mechanism can be featured in a variety of models based on vacuum misalignment. For concreteness, we demonstrate it in a composite two-Higgs scheme based on the coset SU(6)/Sp(6).
SOUTHERN FARMERS' EXPOSURE TO INCOME RISK UNDER THE 1996 FARM BILL
Creators: name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Smith, Edward G.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Smith, Edward G.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Richardson, James W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Acreage shifts
subject: Income risk
subject: Policy risk
subject: Risk perception

description: This paper investigates the farm-level impacts of the 1996 farm bill on the South. Focus group perceptions of risk sources, observed acreage changes, and the farm-level impact of increased price risk are evaluated. Focus group respondents ranked price and yield as the two most important sources of risk, and diversification was ranked highly as a risk-management tool. Limited data suggest that acreage shifts among crops are occurring in the South, presumably aided by the 1996 farm bill. Higher probabilities of cash flow deficits are estimated for cotton and rice relative to feedgrain, wheat, and oilseed operations.
On the structure of eigenfunctions corresponding to embedded eigenvalues of locally perturbed periodic graph operators
Creators: name: Kuchment, Peter
name: Vainberg, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C90, 34B45, 34L05, 34L40, 35P05, 47A10, 58J50

description: The article is devoted to the following question. Consider a periodic self-adjoint difference (differential) operator on a graph (quantum graph) G with a co-compact free action of the integer lattice Z^n. It is known that a local perturbation of the operator might embed an eigenvalue into the continuous spectrum (a feature uncommon for periodic elliptic operators of second order). In all known constructions of such examples, the corresponding eigenfunction is compactly supported. One wonders whether this must always be the case. The paper answers this question affirmatively. What is more surprising, one can estimate that the eigenmode must be localized not far away from the perturbation (in a neighborhood of the perturbation's support, the width of the neighborhood determined by the unperturbed operator only). The validity of this result requires the condition of irreducibility of the Fermi (Floquet) surface of the periodic operator, which is expected to be satisfied for instance for periodic Schroedinger operators.
description: Submitted for publication
Ground beetles in Swiss oilseed rape fields and adjacent mowed meadows (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Creators: name: Teodora Teofilova, Daniel Ston
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This study aimed at clarifying species composition and ecological structure of carabids associated with the oilseed rape during its flowering, ripening and after the harvest. The research also encompassed the adjacent mowed dry grasslands. Field work was carried out in spring and summer 2017. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 8 sampling sites located in the Swiss Jura (cantons of Argovia and Solothurn). We collected 11549 specimens (11033 in rapeseed fields, 516 in grasslands). Collected beetles belonged to 60 species from 29 genera. The richest tribes were Harpalini (17 species), Pterostichini (8 species), Amarini (7 species), Bembidiini and Carabini (6 species each). The highest species richness was among genera Harpalus (11 species), Amara (7 species), and Carabus (6 species). The most abundant species in the rapeseed fields were Poecilus cupreus (7126 ex.), Anchomenus dorsalis (842 ex.), Pterostichus melanarius (663 ex.), and Amara ovata (583 ex.). The most abundant in grasslands were Carabus auratus (176 ex.), and Harpalus dimidiatus (102 ex.). In rapeseed fields we found 45 species, and in grasslands – 31 species. Specific to the rapeseed fields were 29 species, and to grasslands – 15 species; 16 species were common for both types of habitats.
Vibrational Enhancement of the Effective Donor - Acceptor Coupling
Creators: name: Lazrek, M.
name: Bicout, D. J.
name: Jaziri, S.
name: Kats, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with a simple three sites model for charge transfer phenomena in an one-dimensional donor (D) - bridge (B) - acceptor (A) system coupled with vibrational dynamics of the B site. It is found that in a certain range of parameters the vibrational coupling leads to an enhancement of the effective donor - acceptor electronic coupling as a result of the formation of the polaron on the B site. This enhancement of the charge transfer efficiency is maximum at the resonance, where the effective energy of the fluctuating B site coincides with the donor (acceptor) energy.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
CHINESE CONSUMER DEMAND FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. PORK AND POULTRY EXPORTS
Creators: name: Wang, Qingbin
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Halbrendt, Catherine K.
name: Wang, Qingbin
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Halbrendt, Catherine K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Almost Ideal Demand System
subject: China
subject: Consumer demand
subject: Demand elasticity
subject: Food demand
subject: Partial equilibrium model
subject: Two-stage budgeting
subject: U.S. meat export

description: This paper examines Chinese consumer preference for major animal products and assesses the potential impacts of a reduction in China's import tariff on its pork and poultry demand and net import. Our analysis suggests that China's demand for animal products will continue to grow as income increases. Using a trade model, results of our scenario analysis indicate that a reduction in China's import tariffs will significantly increase its net pork and poultry imports and the U.S. will capture most of the increases. Nevertheless, the impact on the market price in China and the U.S. is likely to be very small.
Unbounded Toeplitz Operators with Rational Symbols
Creators: name: Castrigiano, Domenico P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B35, 47A53, 47B25

description: Unbounded (and bounded) Toeplitz operators (TO) with rational symbols are analysed in detail showing that they are densely defined closed and have finite dimensional kernels and deficiency spaces. The latter spaces as well as the domains, ranges, spectral and Fredholm points are determined. In particular, in the symmetric case, i.e., for a real rational symbol the deficiency spaces and indices are explicitly available. The concluding section gives a brief overview on the research on unbounded TO in order to locate the present contribution. Regarding properties of unbounded TO in general, it furnishes some new results recalling the close relationship to Wiener-Hopf operators and, in case of semiboundedness, to singular operators of Hilbert transformation type. Specific symbols considered in the literature admit further analysis. Some conclusions are drawn for semibounded integrable and real square-integrable symbols. There is an approach to semibounded TO, which starts from closable semibounded forms related to a Toeplitz matrix. The Friedrichs extension of the TO associated with such a form is studied. Finally, analytic TO and Toeplitz-like operators are briefly examined, which in general differ from the TO treated here.
description: Keywords: unbounded Toeplitz operator, rational symbol, Fredholm operator
Insights into regularity of 2D 3d transition metal monocarbides formation
Creators: name: Larionov, Konstantin V.
name: Seifert, Gotthard
name: Sorokin, Pavel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently several theoretical predictions were made about 2D planar FeC, CoC, NiC, and CuC while their bulk phases still remain unknown. Here, we present generalization of 2D family of 3d transition metal monocarbides (TMC) by searching their stable configurations with DFT methods and evolutionary algorithm. It is found that in the TMC row (TM = Sc-Cu) a tendency of 3D rocksalt phase formation is monotonously interchanging by 2D phase appearance, namely planar orthorhombic TMC characterized by carbon dimers inside metal hexagons. Among them, orthorhombic CoC and FeC monocarbides would be likely formed rather than any other 2D metal carbide phase or metal/graphene interface.
Semiclassical Dynamics of Electrons in Magnetic Bloch Bands: a Hamiltonian Approach
Creators: name: Gosselin, Pierre
name: Ménas, Fehrat
name: Bérard, Alain
name: Mohrbach, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: y formally diagonalizing with accuracy $\hbar$ the Hamiltonian of electrons in a crystal subject to electromagnetic perturbations, we resolve the debate on the Hamiltonian nature of semiclassical equations of motion with Berry-phase corrections, and therefore confirm the validity of the Liouville theorem. We show that both the position and momentum operators acquire a Berry-phase dependence, leading to a non-canonical Hamiltonian dynamics. The equations of motion turn out to be identical to the ones previously derived in the context of electron wave-packets dynamics.
description: 4 pages
Cosmological and elementary particles explained by quantum gravity
Creators: name: Carmesin, Hans-Otto
Publisher: name: Dr. Köster
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmological Constant
subject: Cosmology
subject: Galaxies
subject: General Relativity Theory
subject: Gravitation
subject: Higgs Bosons
subject: Neutrinos
subject: Nonluminous Matter
subject: Phase Transformations
subject: Quantum Gravity
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: Standard Model
subject: Tau Particles
subject: Universe
subject: W Minus Bosons
subject: W Plus Bosons
subject: 530

description: The universe ranges from huge galaxies near the light horizon at a distance of 4.1 ∙ 10^26 m, via elementary particles at a hierarchy of scales, towards smallest objects at the Planck scale at lengths of 1.6 ∙ 10^−35 m. How did these very different objects form and develop? We present an answer by deriving a physically founded and critically tested unified theory of cosmological and elementary particles. Based on quantum gravity, I derived a series of novel results about cosmology, general relativity and particle physics. Here we extend these findings in an essential manner: The space within the present light horizon started from a quantum at zero-point energy at the Planck scale and at dimension 301. Then it experienced a series of dimensional phase transitions, before it became three dimensional. An increasing number of these quanta formed our usual space and expanded it towards the present day light horizon. So, space is formed by the dark energy and its quanta. These basic cosmological particles are modeled here in detail. The dimensional phase transitions of the early universe provide the quanta that form the masses of all present day elementary particles including neutrinos, Higgs bosons, quarks, electrons, myons, tauons and W^+, W^0, W^− bosons. In the same manner, we derive novel elementary particles to be discovered in the future. We derive all results from quantum physics and gravity. Thereby we use only five numerical inputs: the Hubble constant H_0 as a reference for the present time after the Big Bang as well as the universal constants G, c, k_B and h. Our results include the energies and masses of the above cosmological and elementary particles and the remaining five cosmological constants of the standard model of cosmology. All results are in precise accordance with observation. In this book we derive all findings in a systematic, clear and smooth manner. We summarize our results and innovations by many definitions, propositions and theorems. So, we solve many fundamental problems of physics including the hierarchy problem of elementary particle physics, in particular. We are classes from grade 10 or higher, courses, research clubs, enthusiasts, observers, experimentalists, mathematicians, natural scientists, researchers ....
Penguin-induced Radiative Baryonic B Decays Revisited
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Yang, Kwei-Chou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak radiative baryonic B decays $\bar B\to B_1\bar B_2γ$ mediated by the electromagnetic penguin process $b\to sγ$ are re-examined within the framework of the pole model. The meson pole contribution that has been neglected before is taken into account in this work. It is found that the intermediate $K^*$ contribution dominates in the $Σ\bar pγ$ mode and is comparable to the baryon pole effect in $Λ\bar pγ$ and $Ξ\barΛγ$ modes. The branching ratios for $B^-\toΛ\bar pγ$ and $B^-\toΞ^0\barΣ^-γ$ are of order $2.6\times 10^{-6}$ and $6\times 10^{-7}$, respectively. The threshold enhancement effect in the dibaryon mass spectrum is responsible by the meson pole diagram. We also study the angular distribution of the baryon in the dibaryon rest frame. The baryon pole diagrams imply that the antibaryon tends to emerge in the direction of the photon in the baryon-pair rest frame. The predicted angular asymmetry agrees with experiment for $B^-\toΛ\bar pγ$. Measurements of the correlation of the photon with the baryon allow us to discriminate between different models for describing the radiative baryonic B decays. For decays $B\toΞ\barΣγ$, a large correlation of the photon to the $\barΣ$ and a broad bump in the dibaryon mass spectrum are predicted.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
MEASURING CONSUMER BENEFITS OF FOOD SAFETY RISK REDUCTIONS
Creators: name: Buzby, Jean C.
name: Fox, John A.
name: Ready, Richard C.
name: Crutchfield, Stephen R.
name: Buzby, Jean C.
name: Fox, John A.
name: Ready, Richard C.
name: Crutchfield, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Contingent valuation
subject: Cost of illness
subject: Experimental auction market
subject: Food safety
subject: Risk reduction
subject: Salmonella

description: Microbial pathogens and pesticide residues in food pose a financial burden to society which can be reduced by incurring costs to reduce these food safety risks. We explore three valuation techniques that place a monetary value on food safety risk reductions, and we present a case study for each: a contingent valuation survey on pesticide residues, an experimental auction market for a chicken sandwich with reduced risk of Salmonella, and a cost-of-illness analysis for seven foodborne pathogens. Estimates from these techniques can be used in cost/benefit analyses for policies that reduce food safety risks.
EFFECTS OF TARIFFS AND SANITARY BARRIERS ON HIGH-AND-LOW-VALUE POULTRY TRADE
Creators: name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Orden, David
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Orden, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: A competitive partial-equilibrium spatial model with heterogeneous goods is constructed to evaluate effects of the removal of tariffs, tariff-rate quotas, and sanitary regulations on world poultry trade. The model distinguishes between "high-value" (mostly white meat) and "low-value" (mostly dark meat) poultry products and simulates the trade flows between eight exporting and importing countries and regions. Removing all barriers simultaneously has larger impact on trade than only removing tariffs and tariff-rate quotas. Imposition of sanitary barriers against US products by Russia shifts trade flows, but does not have large net impacts on US producers.
Ground beetles in German oilseed rape fields and extensively used grasslands (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Creators: name: Teodora Teofilova, Anja Schmidt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This study aimed at clarifying species composition and ecological structure of carabids associated with the oilseed rape during its flowering, ripening and after the harvest. The research also encompassed the adjacent pastures. Field work was carried out in 2017. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 10 sampling sites in different regions in Saxony, Germany. We collected 18633 specimens (14285 in rapeseed fields, 4348 in pastures). Collected beetles belonged to 92 species from 33 genera. The richest tribes were Harpalini (22 species), Amarini (15 species), Pterostichini (12 species), Bembidiini (7 species), Carabini and Sphodrini (6 species each). The most species-rich were genera Amara and Harpalus (15 species each), and Bembidion and Pterostichus (6 species each). The most abundant species in the rape fields were Poecilus cupreus (4014 ex.), Calathus fuscipes (3666 ex.), Pterostichus melanarius (1654 ex.), and Nebria brevicollis (1474 ex.). The most abundant in grasslands was Poecilus versicolor (1592 ex.), being a superdominant with 37% of the total catch in grasslands. It was followed by Calathus fuscipes (420 ex.), and Amara lunicollis (353 ex.). In rape fields we found 68 species, and in grasslands – 76 species. Specific to the rape fields were 16 species, and to pastures – 24 species; 52 species were common for both sites.
title: Habitat associations of red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and their impact on the gray-cheeked thrush (Catharus minimus minimus) in western Newfoundland
Creators: name: McDermott, Jenna P. B.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Introduced species are known for disrupting ecosystems and affecting endemic species. Red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) were introduced to Newfoundland during the 1960s and by the 1990s the Newfoundland Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus minimus) had undergone a steep decline. It is hypothesized that nest predation by squirrels caused the thrush decline so during 2016 and 2017 I undertook point count surveys in the Long Range Mountains of western Newfoundland to compare the contemporary distributions and habitat use of these species. Squirrels and thrushes were strongly segregated, whereby thrushes were restricted to higher elevations (~340-600 m), while squirrels were abundant below 275 m, reaching an upper range limit at ~500 m. Gray-cheeked Thrushes were associated with harvested clearcuts, modified cuts, conifer forest, and tall scrub at the local scale, with only weak negative habitat associations at the landscape scale. Squirrels were associated with second-growth fir/spruce forest and old growth fir, while they avoided water, coniferous scrub, and regenerating fir/spruce forest. Gray-cheeked Thrushes have been historically abundant down to sea level, so this strong altitudinal segregation adds to the growing body of evidence that squirrels played an important role in the decline and range contraction of this species on Newfoundland.
Brane-Induced Gravity's Shocks
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct exact gravitational field solutions for a relativistic particle localized on a tensional brane in brane-induced gravity. They are a generalization of gravitational shock waves in 4D de Sitter space. We provide the metrics for both the normal branch and the self-inflating branch DGP braneworlds, and compare them to the 4D Einstein gravity solution and to the case when gravity resides only in the 5D bulk, without any brane-localized curvature terms. At short distances the wave profile looks the same as in four dimensions. The corrections appear only far from the source, where they differ from the long distance corrections in 4D de Sitter space. We also discover a new non-perturbative channel for energy emission into the bulk from the self-inflating branch, when gravity is modified at the de Sitter radius.
description: 4 pages, revtex4; v4: a sign error corrected; the correction tantamount to swapping normal and self-inflating branch solutions; the only significant change is that the spectacular new instability is on the self-inflating branch in the limit of vanishing brane tension; more details available in hep-th/0502035
FERTILIZER MARKET REFORM AND THE DETERMINANTS OF FERTILIZER USE IN BENIN AND MALAWI
Creators: name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Kherallah, Mylene
name: Berry, Philippe
name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Kherallah, Mylene
name: Berry, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Most countries in sub-Saharan Africa have reduced or eliminated fertilizer subsidies and liberalized input marketing as part of the reform process that began in the early 1980s. The effect on fertilizer prices and use is one of the most frequently mentioned criticisms of liberalization. The effect of these reforms, however, has varied widely across countries. For example, in Benin fertilizer use has increased ten-fold since 1982, while in Malawi it has risen just 30 percent, less than population growth over the period. This paper explores the factors behind these widely different experiences with input market reform. It relies in part on household survey data collected by IFPRI and collaborating institutions in 1998. The two surveys used nationally representative samples of 800-900 farmers and covered a variety of topics. A Heckman model is used to identify the determinants of fertilizer use. The study finds that fertilizer use is closely related to crop mix and access to inputs on credit, but not to household income. In both countries, farmers growing cash crops are three times as likely to fertilize their maize fields as other farmers. In Benin, 88 percent of the fertilizer purchased by farmers is bought on credit through the integrated cotton marketing system managed by the parastatal SONAPRA. However, almost one third of this fertilizer is diverted to maize and other crops. In Malawi, tobacco is the most important cash crop among smallholders, but less than half the tobacco growers are able to purchase fertilizers on credit. Maize accounts for about 60 percent of the fertilizer use, compared to less than a third for tobacco. This difference in the tradability of the main crop being fertilized helps explain some of the difference in performance. In Benin, fertilizer use was stimulated by the 1994 devaluation of the CFA franc, while in Malawi real depreciation of the currency has reduced the profitability of fertilizer. The results demonstrate some of the paths by which cash crop and food crop production may be complementary. This can occur through the residual effect of fertilizer on food crop production, through the alleviation of cash constraints for the purchase of fertilizer, and through the availability of inputs on credit. In Benin, the availability of inputs on credit is facilitated by the SONAPRA monopsony on cotton purchasing, which makes loan recovery easier. Thus, the benefits of export liberalization must be weighed against the risk that it will weaken the enforceability of seasonal agricultural credit, with indirect consequences for food crop productivity.
TRADE LIBERALIZATION, MARKET REFORMS AND COMPETITIVENESS OF INDIAN DAIRY SECTOR
Creators: name: Sharma, Vijay Paul
name: Gulati, Ashok
name: Sharma, Vijay Paul
name: Gulati, Ashok
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: From chronic shortages of milk, India has emerged today as the largest producer of milk in the world crossing 80 million tonnes. This has been achieved largely through a smallholder economy in which .Operation Flood., one of the world's largest dairy development programme, played an important role. All this happened largely under autarkic framework and regulated public policy dictated by import-substitution strategy. Until 1991, the Indian dairy industry was highly regulated and protected through quantitative restrictions (QRs) and stringent licensing provisions. Since early 1990s, India embarked upon liberal policy framework, which got reinforced with the signing of Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) in 1994. This opening-up increasingly exposed the Indian dairy sector to the global markets, which in-turn are distorted by export subsidies, domestic support and prohibitive tariffs in developed countries. This raises several issues: Will the Indian dairy sector survive in the new brave world of liberalization? What are the options for India in the coming rounds of multilateral trade negotiations, given scores of distortions that plague the world dairy markets? What sort of domestic reforms are required in the Indian dairy sector that could promote its competitiveness in a fast globalizing world? This study responds to these issues by empirically mapping the competitiveness of Indian dairy sector over the period 1975-2000 and delineating policy options for international negotiations and more importantly, domestic policy reforms, given India's commitments to the WTO.
Re-Thinking the Haitian Other ‘in Relation’ as ‘Prochain’: A Reading of Édouard Glissant and Lyonel Trouillot
Creators: name: Borst, Julia
Publisher: name: Haitian Studies Association
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Haiti
subject: Stereotypes
subject: Writing
subject: 300

description: Haitian writer Lyonel Trouillot criticizes the long tradition of neverending prejudices and sterotypes about Haiti. In Western discourse the country is still frequently represented as the "barbaric" antipole of modernity, condemned to an endless story of chaos and violence. From this notion arises the perpetuity of a (neo)colonial construction of the Haitian Other in strict opposition to a Western identity, a construction that has left its mark on Haiti's reputation in the global opinion until the present.
Deep ACS Imaging of the Halo of NGC 5128: Reaching the Horizontal Branch
Creators: name: Rejkuba, M.
name: Greggio, L.
name: Harris, W. E.
name: Harris, G. L. H.
name: Peng, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the HST Wide Field Camera of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), we have obtained deep (V,I) photometry of an outer-halo field in NGC 5128, to a limiting magnitude of I~29. Our photometry directly reveals the core helium-burning stellar population (the ``red clump'' or horizontal branch) in a giant E/S0 galaxy for the first time. The color-magnitude diagram displays a very wide red giant branch (RGB), an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) bump, and the red clump; no noticeable population of blue HB stars is present, confirming previous suggestions that old, very metal-poor population is not ubiquitous in the halo of this galaxy. From the upper RGB we derive the metallicity distribution, which we find to be very broad and moderately metal-rich, with average [M/H]=-0.64 and dispersion 0.49 dex. The MDF is virtually identical to that found in other halo fields observed previously with the HST, but with an enhanced metal-rich population which was partially missed in the previous surveys due to V-band incompleteness for these very red stars. Combining the metallicity sensitive colors of the RGB stars with the metallicity and age sensitive features of the AGB bump and the red clump, we infer the average age of the halo stars to be 8^{+3}_{-3.5} Gy. As part of our study, we present an empirical calibration of the ACS F606W and F814W filters to the standard V and I bands, achieved with ground-based observations of the same field made from the EMMI camera of the New Technology Telescope of the ESO La Silla Observatory.
description: Accepted by ApJ; 31 pages, uses emulateapj; 24 figures, most figures highly compressed; the full resolution version available from http://www.eso.org/~mrejkuba/cenA_ACS1.ps.gz
Gossip in random networks
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Szvetelszky, Z.
name: Szekfu, B.
name: Kulakowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the average probability X of being informed on a gossip in a given social network. The network is modeled within the random graph theory of Erdos and Renyi. In this theory, a network is characterized by two parameters: the size N and the link probability p. Our experimental data suggest three levels of social inclusion of friendship. The critical value p_c, for which half of agents are informed, scales with the system size as N^{-γ} with γ\approx 0.68. Computer simulations show that the probability X varies with p as a sigmoidal curve. Influence of the correlations between neighbors is also evaluated: with increasing clustering coefficient C, X decreases.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures in 4 eps files, for the 2nd Polish Seminar on Econo- and Sociophysics, 2006/04/21-22 Cracow, to be published in Acta Phys. Pol. B
Preliminary analysis of an extreme helium sdO star: BD+25 4655
Creators: name: Budaj, J.
name: Elkin, V.
name: Hubeny, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preliminary analysis of CCD spectra obtained by the 6m SAO telescope is presented. We have used simple H-He NLTE model atmospheres computed by TLUSTY to derive the basic parameters of the star.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, poster E44 at the IAU Symp.210, published on the CD-rom accompanying the proceedings
[Lateinische chiromantische und astronomisch-astrologische Schriften – Johannes Hartlieb – Arzneibuch – Aderlaßtraktat – Rechenkunst]; [um 1500]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2015

description: Entstehungsort: Unbekannt. - Entstehungszeit: um 1500
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND PRICE EFFECTS IN AGRICULTURE: CONCEPTUAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES
Creators: name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Dorosh, Paul A.
name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Dorosh, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper addresses the conceptual issues around the negative price effects of technological change on agricultural producers, explores price policy options vis-à-vis this problem, and reviews and compares experiences across Asian countries as they transformed their rural economies. It then draws implications for the challenge of achieving a smallholder-led agricultural revolution in Africa in the context of market liberalization.
Casa Puebla : an organizational ethnography
Creators: name: Sevy Fua, Rosa Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mexican migrants living in New York City have not uprooted themselves from their homeland as did migrants from previous generations. These contemporary migrants have engaged themselves in the phenomenon of transnationalism, which is characterized by the building and maintenance of simultaneous linkages in both the migrants' country of settlement and their country of origin. New York City is the destination of a large number of Mexican migrants from different regions of the state of Puebla. Leaders of this Mexican state are increasingly engaging in new practices so that the Poblano (people from Puebla) population abroad remains socially, politically, culturally and economically part of the state from which it originated. This thesis is an ethnography of Casa Puebla, an organization in New York created conjointly by the Poblano migrants and their state government. It explores and describes the practices and activities employed by the leadership of this organization for involving migrants in a transnational experience. It also explores the role of this organization as a venue for the construction of a deterritorialized state of Puebla in New York and an "imagined" Poblano community. By strengthening the migrants' identification with their state of origin, the state can make new claims for their loyalty and sustain political, social and economic relationships between the Poblano migrants and their state of origin despite their living in another country. The creation of transnational organizations sponsored by the state of origin reflects the growing institutionalization of migration orchestrated by the sending regional states and highlights the role of the middle entity--the regional state— in the construction of the transnational experience.
Ciclo de seminarios digitales abiertos Co_Lab. Ciencia ciudadana para políticas ambientales (Co_Lab series of open digital seminaries. Citizen science for environmental policymaking)
Creators: name: Arza, Valeria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: CoAct
Citizen science
Environmental justice
Policy-making

description: On 29 October 2020 a seminar on citizen science for environmental policymaking was held in the framework of a series of open digital seminaries organized by Co_Lab, UNDP’s Acceleration Laboratory in Argentina. In this seminar CoAct’s project R&I action in Buenos Aires for environmental justice in the Matanza-RIchauelo Basin was presented.The discussion was oriented towards answering two key questions: Why citizen science matters from an academic perspective and form environmental policy making?How can it contribute to engagement and generation of knowledge? El 29 de octubre de 2020 se llevó a cabo un seminario de ciencia ciudadana para políticas ambientales, en el marco del "Ciclo de seminarios digitales abiertos organizados por Co_Lab"(Laboratorio de Aceleración del PNUD en Argentina). En el seminario se presentó la línea de acción del proyecto CoAct por la justicia ambiental en la Cuenca del Río Matanza-Riachuelo en Buenos Aires, Argentina, y participó de la discusión propuesta de dos interrogantes centrales: ¿Por qué es relevante la ciencia ciudadana desde una perspectiva académica y para la política ambiental? y ¿Cómo puede contribuir la ciencia ciudadana al compromiso y a la generación de conocimiento?.
ANALYZING GRAIN MARKET EFFICIENCY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: REVIEW OF EXISTING METHODS AND EXTENSIONS TO THE PARITY BOUNDS MODEL
Creators: name: Negassa, Asfaw
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
name: Negassa, Asfaw
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper discusses a modeling approach that extends and improves the standard parity bounds model (PBM) of spatial market efficiency by analyzing the dynamic effects of marketing policy changes. The model facilitates an improved understanding of the patterns of adjustment in grain marketing efficiency in response to policy changes in two main ways. First, it identifies whether there are statistically significant structural changes in trading regime probabilities as a result of a given marketing policy change. Second, it determines the time path of the response of spatial grain market efficiency to marketing policy changes, thus addressing the issue of how long will it take before the full effect of marketing policy change is realized on spatial grain market efficiency.
Collisional decay of a strongly driven Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Katz, Nadav
name: Rowen, Eitan
name: Ozeri, Roee
name: Davidson, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collisional decay of a strongly driven Bose-Einstein condensate oscillating between two momentum modes. The resulting products of the decay are found to strongly deviate from the usual s-wave halo. Using a stochastically seeded classical field method we simulate the collisional manifold. These results are also explained by a model of colliding Bloch states.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Hunting for Re-Entrancy Attacks in Ethereum Smart Contracts via Static Analysis
Creators: name: Chinen, Yuichiro
name: Yanai, Naoto
name: Cruz, Jason Paul
name: Okamura, Shingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ethereum smart contracts are programs that are deployed and executed in a consensus-based blockchain managed by a peer-to-peer network. Several re-entrancy attacks that aim to steal Ether, the cryptocurrency used in Ethereum, stored in deployed smart contracts have been found in the recent years. A countermeasure to such attacks is based on dynamic analysis that executes the smart contracts themselves, but it requires the spending of Ether and knowledge of attack patterns for analysis in advance. In this paper, we present a static analysis tool named \textit{RA (Re-entrancy Analyzer)}, a combination of symbolic execution and equivalence checking by a satisfiability modulo theories solver to analyze smart contract vulnerabilities to re-entrancy attacks. In contrast to existing tools, RA supports analysis of inter-contract behaviors by using only the Etherum Virtual Machine bytecodes of target smart contracts, i.e., even without prior knowledge of attack patterns and without spending Ether. Furthermore, RA can verify existence of vulnerabilities to re-entrancy attacks without execution of smart contracts and it does not provide false positives and false negatives. We also present an implementation of RA to evaluate its performance in analyzing the vulnerability of deployed smart contracts to re-entrancy attacks and show that RA can precisely determine which smart contracts are vulnerable.
Simple quantum cosmology: Vacuum energy and initial state
Creators: name: Mongan, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A static non-singular 10-dimensional closed Friedmann universe of Planck size, filled with a perfect fluid with an equation of state with w = -2/3, can arise spontaneously by a quantum fluctuation from nothing in 11-dimensional spacetime. A quantum transition from this state can initiate the inflationary quantum cosmology outlined in Ref. 2 [General Relativity and Gravitation 33, 1415, 2001 - gr-qc/0103021]. With no fine-tuning, that cosmology predicts about 60 e-folds of inflation and a vacuum energy density depending only on the number of extra space dimensions (seven), G, h, c and the ratio between the strength of gravity and the strength of the strong force. The fraction of the total energy in the universe represented by this vacuum energy depends on the Hubble constant. Hubble constant estimates from WMAP, SDSS, the Hubble Key Project and Sunyaev-Zeldovich and X-ray flux measurements range from 60 to 72 km/(Mpc sec). With a mid-range Hubble constant of 65 km/(Mpc sec), the model in Ref. 2 predicts Omega-sub-Lambda = 0.7
description: To be published in General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol. 37, May 2005. 5 pages, no figures
GRAIN MARKETING POLICY CHANGES AND SPATIAL EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE AND WHEAT MARKETS IN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Negassa, Asfaw
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
name: Negassa, Asfaw
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the context of on-going market reform in developing countries, there is a need for an improvement in the existing methods of spatial market efficiency analysis in order to better inform the debate toward designing and implementing new grain marketing policies, institutions, and infrastructure that facilitate the emergence of a well developed and competitive grain marketing system. The standard parity bounds model (PBM), while it overcomes many weaknesses of the conventional methods of spatial market efficiency analysis, it does not allow for the test of structural changes in spatial market efficiency as a result of policy changes. In this paper, building on the standard PBM, we develop an extended parity bounds model (EPBM). The EPBM is a stochastic gradual switching model with three trade regimes. The EPBM is estimated by maximum likelihood procedure and allows for tracing the time path and structural change in spatial market efficiency conditions due to the policy changes. We applied the EPBM to analyze the effect of grain marketing policy changes on spatial efficiency of maize and wheat markets in Ethiopia. The results show that the effect of policy changes on spatial market efficiency is not significant statistically in many cases; there is high probability of spatial inefficiency in maize and wheat markets before and after the policy changes. The implication of these results is that maize and wheat markets are characterized by periodic gluts and shortages, which can undermine the welfare of producers, grain traders and consumers. It is also observed that the nature of spatial inefficiency for maize and wheat markets is different implying that the two commodities might require different policy responses in order to improve spatial market efficiency. Maize traders made losses most of the time while wheat traders made excess profits most of the time covered by the study.
Rotations of the polarization of a gravitational wave propagating in Universe
Creators: name: Feng, Jia-Xi
name: Shu, Fu-Wen
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the polarization of a gravitational wave (GW) emitted by an astrophysical source at a cosmic distance propagating through the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walk universe. By considering the null geodesic deviations, we first provide a definition of the polarization of the GW in terms of the Weyl scalars with respect to a parallelly-transported frame along the null geodesics, and then show explicitly that, due to different effects of the expansion of the universe on the two polarization modes, the so-called "+" and "$\times$" modes, the polarization angle of the GW changes generically, when it is propagating through the curved background. By direct computations of the polarization angle, we show that different epochs, radiation-, matter- and $Λ$-dominated, have different effects on the polarization. In particular, for a GW emitted by a binary system, we find explicitly the relation between the change of the polarization angle $|Δφ|$ and the redshift $z_s$ of the source in different epochs. In the $Λ$CDM model, we find that the order of $|Δφ|{η_0 F}$ is typically $O(10^{-3})$ to $O(10^3)$, depending on the values of $z_s$, where $η_0$ is the (comoving) time of the current universe, and $F\equiv\Big(\frac{5}{256}\frac{1}{τ_{obs}}\Big)^{3/8}\left(G_NM_c\right)^{-5/8}$ with $τ_{obs}$ and $M_c$ being, respectively, the time to coalescence in the observer's frame and the chirp mass of the binary system.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures,improvements to presentation, references added, and new content added in appendix to comment about gauge invariance, published version in Nuclear Physics B
Towards CW modelocked laser on chip -- large mode area and NLI for stretched pulse mode locking
Creators: name: Singh, Neetesh
name: Ippen, Erich
name: Kärtner, Franz X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated modelocked lasers with high power are of utmost importance for next generation optical systems that can be field-deployable and mass produced. Here we study fully integrated modelocked laser designs that have the potential to generate ultrashort, high power, and high quality pulses. We explore a large mode area laser for high power pulse generation and study the various mode-locking regimes of dispersion managed soliton pulses in net anomalous and net normal dispersion cavities. Furthermore, we study numerically and experimentally general properties and tunability of a fast integrated saturable absorber based on low loss silicon nitride nonlinear interferometer. We believe this work guides the exploration of the future integrated high power modelocked lasers.