cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(1707) Minnie Mary Krisble Milbourne
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
De la modélisation numérique 2D à l’imagerie pour la caractérisation non destructive des bétons
Creators: name: Chaix, Jean-François
name: Yu, Ting
name: Garnier, Vincent
name: Mailhé, Jean
name: Hénault, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Les techniques ultrasonores sont utiles à la surveillance des structures de génie civil composées de béton armée et/ou précontraint. Le béton est très hétérogène, il est composé d'une matrice cimentaire poreuse, d'agrégats et de sable. Des armatures et/ou câbles de précontraintes sont insérés dans le béton pour assurer la tenue mécanique de l’ouvrage. Afin de modéliser le contrôle non destructif par ultrasons de ces structures un modèle Specfem2D est utilisé. Pour prendre en compte le matériau, une matrice de mortier incluant des hétérogénéités de type granulat et/ou porosité est intégré dans un modèle numérique 2D permettant de simulation la propagation des ondes ultrasonores. Le milieu est considéré élastique ou viscoélastique et hétérogène et inclut les phénomènes de diffusion multiple. Les granulats sont pris en compte par des cercles de différents rayons ou des polygones dont les formes sont proches des agrégats réels. Des armatures métalliques et/ou des macrodéfauts sont introduits. A partir de ce modèle numérique sont extraits les signaux ultrasonores qui peuvent être analysés pour construire des imageries du béton. Ces images permettent d’améliorer l’évaluation et le diagnostic de la structure.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
Mise en place d'une méthode de qualification en C-scan par ultrasons d’échantillons fabriqués en laboratoire et prélevés sur des structures de chaussées
Creators: name: Benaboud, Soufyane
name: Mokhfi, Takarli
name: Fatima, Allou
name: Frédéric, Dubois
name: Bertrand, Pouteau
name: Aurélia, Nicolai
name: Alain, Beghin
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Ce travail porte sur les résultats d’une étude expérimentale basée sur des essais de propagation d’ondes ultrasonores de compression (P) et de cisaillement (S), réalisée sur un béton bitumineux (GB 0/14) fabriqué au laboratoire. Un C-scan a été réalisé suivant la direction de compactage de la plaque suivant deux géométrie : une plaque et des cubes issus de la découpe de la plaque. Un accent particulier est accordé au traitement des signaux pour optimiser la détermination du temps de vol en fonction du rapport signal sur bruit (SNR : Signal to Noise Ratio). La distribution spatiale des vitesses est présentée sous forme de cartographies. Afin de conclure sur l’homogénéité de la plaque, les effets de bords et la dispersion des mesures une analyse statistique est menée les cartographies qui consiste à déterminer les valeurs nominales pour chaque configuration.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
The Role of Focal Adhesion Kinase-Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cell Proliferation and Type I Collagen Expression
Creators: name: Lindquist, Jeffery N.
name: Reif, Shimon
name: Rippe, Richard A.
name: Yata, Yutaka
name: Scanga, Andrew
name: Brenner, David A.
name: Lang, Alon
name: Gäbele, Erwin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Following a fibrogenic stimulus, the hepatic stellate cell (HSC) undergoes a complex activation process associated with increased cell proliferation and excess deposition of type I collagen. The focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in several cell types. We investigated the role of the FAK-PI3K-Akt pathway in HSC activation. Inhibition of FAK activity blocked HSC migration, cell attachment, and PDGF-induced PI3K and Akt activation. Both serum- and PDGF-induced Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K. A constitutively active form of Akt stimulated HSC proliferation in serum-starved HSCs, whereas LY294002 and dominant-negative forms of Akt and FAK inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation. Transforming growth factor-beta, an inhibitor of HSC proliferation, did not block PDGF-induced Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that transforming growth factor-beta mediates its antiproliferative effect downstream of Akt. Expression of type I collagen protein and alpha1(I) collagen mRNA was increased by Akt activation and inhibited when PI3K activity was blocked. Therefore, FAK is important for HSC migration, cell attachment, and PDGF-induced cell proliferation. PI3K is positioned downstream of FAK. Signals for HSC proliferation are transduced through FAK, PI3K, and Akt. Finally, expression of type I collagen is regulated by the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Extracting Angular Observables without a Likelihood and Applications to Rare Decays
Creators: name: Beaujean, Frederik
name: Chrząszcz, Marcin
name: Serra, Nicola
name: van Dyk, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to obtain a complete set of angular observables arising in a generic multi-body process. We show how this can be achieved without the need to carry out a likelihood fit of the angular distribution to the measured events. Instead, we apply the method of moments that relies both on the orthogonality of angular functions and the estimation of integrals by Monte Carlo techniques. The big advantage of this method is that the joint distribution of all observables can be easily extracted, even for very few events. The method of moments is shown to be robust against mismodeling of the angular distribution. Our main result is an explicit algorithm that accounts for systematic uncertainties from detector-resolution and acceptance effects. Finally, we present the necessary process-dependent formulae needed for direct application of the method to several rare decays of interest.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Inhibits Non-pathogenic Gramnegative Bacteria-induced NF-κB Recruitment to the Interleukin-6 Gene Promoter in Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Modulation of Histone Acetylation
Creators: name: Kim, Sandra C.
name: Haller, Dirk
name: Schwabe, Robert F.
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Jobin, Christian
name: Holt, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We have shown that non-pathogenic enteric Gram-negative Bacteroides vulgatus induces RelA phosphorylation, NF-kappaB activation, and proinflammatory gene expression in primary and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lines. We now demonstrate the transient induction of nuclear phospho-RelA (day 3) followed by persistent activation of phospho-Smad2 (days 3 and 7) in IEC from mucosal tissue sections of B. vulgatus-monoassociated rats, indicating that both NF-kappaB and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) signaling are induced in vivo following bacterial colonization. Interestingly, TGF-beta1 inhibited B. vulgatus- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA accumulation and protein secretion in IEC. The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta1 is mediated independently of B. vulgatus/LPS-induced IkappaBalpha, Akt, and RelA phosphorylation as well as NF-kappaB DNA binding activity. Moreover, the specific histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A blocked B. vulgatus/LPS-induced histone acetylation/phosphorylation (Lys-9/Ser-10) and reversed TGF-beta1-mediated inhibition of IL-6 gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that B. vulgatus/LPS-induced RelA recruitment to the IL-6 promoter is inhibited by TGF-beta1 treatment. Adenoviral delivery of Smad7 and dominant negative Smad3 (SmadDelta3) reversed the TGF-beta1-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB transcriptional activity and NF-kappaB recruitment to the IL-6 promoter. In addition, TGF-beta1 and Ad5Smad3/4 prevent B. vulgatus/LPS-induced CBP/p300 and p65 nuclear co-association. We concluded that the TGF-beta1/Smad signaling pathway helps maintain normal intestinal homeostasis to commensal luminal enteric bacteria by regulating NF-kappaB signaling in IEC through altered histone acetylation.
Supplementary Figures from Interactions between the sexual identity of the nervous system and the social environment mediate lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Flintham, Ewan O.
name: Yoshida, Tomoyo
name: Smith, Sophie
name: Pavlou, Hania J.
name: Goodwin, Stephen F.
name: Carazo, Pau
name: Wigby, Stuart
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary figures which compare the behaviour and lifespan profiles of male and female fly control strains. As outlined in the main text, different control strains were not deemed to differ in lifespan or behaviour in a significant way in either sex and were pooled during analyses in to single 'control' groups.
Surveillance d'un ouvrage d'art en béton par un réseau de capteurs GPS
Creators: name: Manzini, Nicolas
name: Orcesi, André
name: Thom, Christian
name: Brossault, Marc-Antoine
name: Botton, Serge
name: Ortiz, Miguel
name: Dumoulin, John
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Le Global Positioning System (GPS) est une constellation de satellites permettant le positionnement pratiquement n'importe où à la surface du globe. L'une des caractéristiques clés du positionnement par satellites est l'absence de dérive au cours du temps, permettant le suivi de déplacements lents à long terme. Durant la dernière décennie, différentes évolutions ont été apportées sur les méthodes de traitement (calcul en temps réel, calcul en réseau) ainsi que sur le matériel GPS (récepteurs et antennes). Grâce à ces évolutions, il est désormais possible d'obtenir une précision infra-centimétrique avec un matériel modeste et peu coûteux, permettant d'envisager son utilisation dans des applications de surveillance structurale. Les ouvrages d'art sont des éléments clés des réseaux de communication et de l'aménagement du territoire. Le vieillissement global du parc mondial augmente le nombre d'ouvrages suivis par instrumentation. Les techniques d'instrumentation traditionnelles reposent souvent sur des mesures locales et relatives, rendant difficile le suivi à long terme des ouvrages de grandes dimensions. Dans ce contexte, les systèmes de positionnement par satellites apparaissent comme complémentaires à ces techniques. Cet article présente l'instrumentation du pont de Brotonne, pont à haubans en béton précontraint situé en France, à l'aide d'un réseau de capteurs Geocube, des stations GPS intelligentes développées par l'IGN et Ophelia Sensors. Les séries temporelles GPS d'éléments caractéristiques de l'ouvrage sont comparées et corrélées avec des mesures de température acquises dans l'ouvrage. Cette étude illustre le potentiel de tels capteurs pour les applications de surveillance structurale de grands ouvrages en béton.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
Remote one-qubit state control by pure initial state of two-qubit sender. Selective-region- and eigenvalue-creation
Creators: name: Bochkin, G. A.
name: Zenchuk, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of remote one-qubit mixed state creation using a pure initial state of two-qubit sender and spin-1/2 chain as a connecting line. We express the parameters of creatable states in terms of transition amplitudes. We show that the creation of complete receiver's state-space can be achieved only in the chain engineered for the one-qubit perfect state transfer (PST) (for instance, in the fully engineered Ekert chain), the chain can be arbitrarily long in this case. As for the homogeneous chain, the creatable receiver's state region decreases quickly with the chain length. Both homogeneous chains and chains engineered for PST can be used for the purpose of selective state creation, when only the restricted part of the whole receiver's state space is of interest. Among the parameters of the receiver's state, the eigenvalue is the most hard creatable one and therefore deserves the special study. Regarding the homogeneous spin chain, an arbitrary eigenvalue can be created only if the chain is of no more then 34 nodes. Alternating chain allows us to increase this length up to 68 nodes.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
(1708) Sarah [Willans]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Apport de l'émission acoustique à la caractérisation du développement de la RAG dans les structures en béton
Creators: name: RANAIVOMANANA, Narintsoa
name: OUVRIER-BUFFET, Florian
name: BALAYSSAC, Jean-Paul
name: GARNIER, Vincent
name: PAYAN, Cédric
name: DURVILLE, Benoît
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: La Réaction Alcali-Granulats (RAG) est une pathologie du béton pouvant se traduire par des déformations de gonflement, des fissurations de parement ou encore une chute des performances mécaniques des structures atteintes. Cet article a pour objectif la caractérisation de la phase d’initiation ainsi que du développement de la RAG dans les structures en béton par la technique de l’émission acoustique (EA). Dans ce but, deux types d’essais ont été réalisés. Le premier essai consiste à comparer l’activité acoustique d’éprouvettes réactives en gonflement libre par rapport à celle d’éprouvettes réactives dont le gonflement dans la direction axiale est gêné, ceci dans le but notamment de conforter l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’application d’une contrainte (active ou passive) déviatorique amplifierait l’anisotropie du gonflement et donc de l’endommagement du fait de l’orientation préférentielle des microfissures. Le second essai consiste en un monitoring par EA d’un bloc de béton de dimensions 40*´40*´40 cm atteint de RAG. L’EA apporte ainsi de nouveaux éclairages sur le processus de développement de la RAG dans les structures en béton où, plus particulièrement, le gonflement du béton situé au cœur est empêché par celui du béton enveloppant.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
Spin-wave logic devices based on isotropic forward volume magneto-static waves
Creators: name: Klingler, Stefan
name: Pirro, Philipp
name: Brächer, Thomas
name: Leven, Britta
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
name: Chumak, Andrii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the utilization of isotropic forward volume magneto-static spin waves in modern wave-based logic devices and suggest a concrete design for a spin-wave majority gate operating with these waves. We demonstrate by numerical simulations that the proposed out-of-plane magnetized majority gate overcomes the limitations of anisotropic in-plane magnetized majority gates due to the high spin-wave transmission through the gate, which enables a reduced energy consumption of these devices. Moreover, the functionality of the out-of-plane majority gate is increased due to the lack of parasitic generation of short-wavelength exchange spin waves.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Up-regulation of CD14 in Liver Caused by Acute Ethanol Involves Oxidant-dependent AP-1 Pathway
Creators: name: Thurman, Ronald G.
name: Wheeler, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Ethanol is known to cause both tolerance and sensitization to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide). It is also known that ethanol modulates the expression and activity of several intracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors in monocytes and Kupffer cells, the resident hepatic macrophages. Expression of CD14, the endotoxin receptor, is up-regulated following chronic exposure to endotoxin and ethanol. Ethanol-induced oxidative stress is important in the regulation of transcription factor activation and cytokine production by Kupffer cells. Thus, it was hypothesized that acute ethanol increases CD14 expression through a mechanism dependent upon oxidant production. This hypothesis was tested by overexpression of superoxide dismutase via recombinant adenovirus. Mice were infected with adenovirus (3 x 10(9) plaque-forming units, intravenously) containing either Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Ad.SOD1) or beta-galactosidase (Ad.lacZ), which caused significant expression of Cu,Zn-SOD in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Three days post-infection, mice were given saline or ethanol (5 g/kg, intragastrically). A significant increase in CD14 mRNA was observed 3 h after ethanol, and this increase was almost completely blocked in mice overexpressing Cu,Zn-SOD. Additionally, overexpression of SOD also blunted ethanol-induced activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors NFkappaB and AP-1 and production of cytokines. However, only inhibition of AP-1 with dominant-negative TAK1 but not NFkappaB by dominant-negative IkappaBalpha significantly blunted ethanol-induced increases in CD14, suggesting that AP-1 is important for CD14 transcriptional regulation. It is also shown here that NADPH oxidase is important in the increase in CD14 due to ethanol. Moreover, these data suggest that acute ethanol causes sensitization to endotoxin through mechanisms dependent upon oxidative stress.
(1705) William Willans
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mesure de la résistivité électrique par capteurs noyés pour évaluer les profils de teneur en eau dans le béton
Creators: name: Badr, Joanna
name: Balayssac, Jean-Paul
name: Villain, Géraldine
name: Palma Lopes, Sergio
name: Fargier, Yannick
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: La teneur en eau est un paramètre conditionnant le développement des dégradations des structures en béton armé telles que la corrosion des armatures. Afin de surveiller le profil de teneur en eau sur une grande épaisseur d'une structure en béton, un capteur multi-électrodes permettant la mesure de la résistivité électrique est développé dans cet article. Un capteur en forme d’anneau, conçu en circuit imprimé, placé à une profondeur donnée, a l'avantage de moyenner plusieurs points de mesure entre les électrodes à cette profondeur, et ainsi d'intégrer l'effet de la variabilité naturelle de la résistivité donc de la teneur en eau. Des validations expérimentales utilisant des solutions salines de conductivité connue ainsi que des éprouvettes de béton soumises au séchage sont étudiées pour valider la réponse du capteur en utilisant différents points de mesure. Les résultats démontrent la capacité du capteur proposé à surveiller les profils de résistivité dans le béton en intégrant la variabilité latérale du matériau.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
The generalized Chaplygin-Jacobi gas
Creators: name: Villanueva, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper is devoted to find a new generalization of the generalized Chaplygin gas. Therefore, starting from the Hubble parameter associated to the Chaplygin scalar field and using some elliptic identities, the elliptic generalization is straightforward. Thus, all relevant quantities that drive inflation are calculated exactly. Finally, using the measurement on inflation from the Planck 2015 results, observational constraints on the parameters are given.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Vergleich von Fourier-Transformation und der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate harmonischer Funktionen zur Grundwasser-Gezeitenanalyse [Comparison of the Fourier transform and the harmonic least-squares method for analysing groundwater tides]
Creators: name: Ried, Vincent
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: Eine nachhaltige Nutzung von Grundwasser setzt die Kenntnis hydrogeomechanischer Parameter voraus. Diese werden bisher hauptsächlich durch aufwändige Permeametertests oder Pumpversuche bestimmt. Eine Grundwasser-Gezeitenanalyse bietet die Möglichkeit, Bodenkennwerte anhand von Grundwasserstandsdaten zeit- und kosteneffizient zu ermitteln. Hierfür findet häufg die Fourier-Transformation Anwendung. Mit der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate lassen sich die Amplituden harmonischer Schwingungen ebenfalls bestimmen. Diese Arbeit vergleicht beide Verfahren miteinander, um die Frequenzanalyse von Grundwasserdaten zu verbessern. Außerdem werden daraus Rahmenbedingungen einer Grundwassermessung hinsichtlich der Gezeitenanalyse definiert. Diese umfassen Parameter wie die Messdauer, die Quantisierung der Messdaten sowie Datenlücken. Bei synthetischen Zeitreihen und an einem realen Datensatz werden diese drei Messparameter variiert und ihr Einfluss auf die Genauigkeit der durch beide Regressionsanalyseverfahren bestimmten Amplituden betrachtet. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass die Fourier-Transformation für die meisten Parametereinstellungen ungenauere Ergebnisse liefert als die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate. Letztere ist insbesondere bei kurzen sowie lückenhaften Zeitreihen der Fourier-Transformation vorzuziehen. Es wird gezeigt, dass eine Standard-Sensorauflösung von 1-5 cm ausreichend, um eine Gezeitenanalyse für den vorliegenden realen Datensatz durchzuführen.
Creep behavior of masonry in cultural heritage by "structure from motion method"
Creators: name: Andrea, Armonico
name: Alessio, Cascardi
name: Marco Francesco, Funari
name: Francesco, Micelli
name: Emmanuel, Ferrier
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Masonry structures demonstrated to be vulnerable against both seismic actions and long-term effect in past decades. In particular, the creep effects are dangerous since they may produce the brittle collapse of the structure without any warning. The case of the San Marco bell tower in Venezia that happened in 1902 is a well known event; it suddenly collapsed even if cracks were not visible. This particular failure is strongly related to the global deformation of the structure. For this reason, the monitoring of the safety level is strongly linked to the geometric survey. The "structure from motion" method (SFM) is based on the photo's elaboration of the building for computer graphic processing. The outcome is the accurate geometry relief, as largely demonstrated in literature. The present study reports on an SFM application referring to an ancient masonry church. The innovative contribution consists of the indoor and outdoor surveying that were aligned and matched in order to build the 3D geometry of the building. The main result was the solid model of the building, which was compared with an available survey in order to monitor the creep-state. The proposal can be considered a pilot-case for the "building watch" programming aimed to the cultural heritage preservation.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
(1701) Ann Catherine Baines
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Suivi par Emission Acoustique du Processus d’Endommagement et de Rupture des Bétons Bitumineux sous Chargement de Fatigue Mécanique
Creators: name: Benaboud, Soufyane
name: Mokhfi, Takarli
name: Bertrand, Pouteau
name: Fatima, Allou
name: Frederic, Dubois
name: Pierre, Hornych
name: Mai-Lan, Nguyen
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Cet article présente les résultats d’une première investigation expérimentale dont l’objectif est de suivre le processus d’endommagement sous un chargement de fatigue mécanique par la technique de l’Emission Acoustique (EA). Les éprouvettes de forme trapézoïdales sont testées en flexion 2 points à 10°C-25Hz et une amplitude de déformation de 175 µm/m. Les résultats mécaniques sont présentés en terme d’évolution de module complexe et d’énergie dissipée. Les critères conventionnels de rupture basés sur la diminution de module ( et ) et sur approche énergétique ( ) sont comparés avec les résultats acoustique. Un seuil d’endommagement est détecté sur la base l’évolution des hits au cours de l’essai. Des critères basés sur la variation de l’activité acoustique pendant l’essai ont été proposés et comparés aux critères mécaniques.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
Enhancing therapeutic anti-cancer responses by combining immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibition
Creators: name: Daly, RJ
name: Scott, Andrew
name: Klein, Oliver
name: Ernst, Matthias
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3211
subject: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has been established as the standard of care for many types of cancer, but the strategies employed have continued to evolve. Recently, much clinical focus has been on combining targeted therapies with ICI for the purpose of manipulating the immune setpoint. The latter concept describes the equilibrium between factors that promote and those that suppress anti-cancer immunity. Besides tumor mutational load and other cancer cell-intrinsic determinants, the immune setpoint is also governed by the cells of the tumor microenvironment and how they are coerced by cancer cells to support the survival and growth of the tumor. These regulatory mechanisms provide therapeutic opportunities to intervene and reduce immune suppression via application of small molecule inhibitors and antibody-based therapies against (receptor) tyrosine kinases and thereby improve the response to ICIs. This article reviews how tyrosine kinase signaling in the tumor microenvironment can promote immune suppression and highlights how therapeutic strategies directed against specific tyrosine kinases can be used to lower the immune setpoint and elicit more effective anti-tumor immunity.
Yokonolide B, a Novel Inhibitor of Auxin Action, Blocks Degradation of AUX/IAA Factors
Creators: name: Kondo, Hirokiyo
name: Yamazoe, Atsushi
name: Inoguchi, Masahiko
name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Hayashi, Ken ichiro
name: Nozaki, Hiroshi
name: Ogino, Kentaro
name: Oono, Yutaka
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Yokonolide B (YkB; also known as A82548A), a spiroketal-macrolide, was isolated from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes B59 in a screen for inhibitors of beta-glucoronidase expression under the control of an auxin-responsive promoter in Arabidopsis. YkB inhibits the expression of auxin-inducible genes as shown using native and synthetic auxin promoters as well as using expression profiling of 8300 Arabidopsis gene probes but does not affect expression of an abscisic acid- and a gibberellin A3-inducible gene. The mechanism of action of YkB is to block AUX/IAA protein degradation; however, YkB is not a general proteasome inhibitor. YkB blocks auxin-dependent cell division and auxin-regulated epinastic growth mediated by auxin-binding protein 1. Gain of function mutants such as shy2-2, slr1, and axr2-1 encoding AUX/IAA transcriptional repressors and loss of function mutants encoding components of the ubiquitin-proteolytic pathway such as axr1-3 and tir1-1, which display increased AUX/IAAs protein stability, are less sensitive to YkB, although axr1 and tir1 mutants were sensitive to MG132, a general proteasome inhibitor, consistent with a site of action downstream of AXR1 and TIR. YkB-treated seedlings displayed similar phenotypes as dominant AUX/IAA mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that YkB acts to block AUX/IAA protein degradation upstream of AXR and TIR, links a shared element upstream of AUX/IAA protein stability to auxin-induced cell division/elongation and to auxin-binding protein 1, and provides a new tool to dissect auxin signal transduction.
Full-Duplex Relaying in MIMO-OFDM Frequency-Selective Channels with Optimal Adaptive Filtering
Creators: name: Lemos, João S.
name: Monteiro, Francisco A.
name: Sousa, Ivo
name: Rodrigues, António
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In-band full-duplex transmission allows a relay station to theoretically double its spectral efficiency by simultaneously receiving and transmitting in the same frequency band, when compared to the traditional half-duplex or out-of-band full-duplex counterpart. Consequently, the induced self-interference suffered by the relay may reach considerable power levels, which decreases the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in a decode-and-forward (DF) relay, leading to a degradation of the relay performance. This paper presents a technique to cope with the problem of self-interference in broadband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relays. The proposed method uses a time-domain cancellation in a DF relay, where a replica of the interfering signal is created with the help of a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm that estimates the interference frequency-selective channel. Its convergence mean time is shown to be negligible by simulation results, when compared to the length of a typical orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequences. Moreover, the bit-error-rate (BER) and the SINR in a OFDM transmission are evaluated, confirming that the proposed method extends significantly the range of self-interference power to which the relay is resilient to, when compared with other mitigation schemes.
Zinc-induced PTEN Protein Degradation through the Proteasome Pathway in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Wang, Xinchao
name: Ghio, Andrew J.
name: Zhang, Wenli
name: Reed, William
name: Whang, Young E.
name: Wu, Weidong
name: Samet, James M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The tumor suppressor PTEN is a putative negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Exposure to Zn2+ ions induces Akt activation, suggesting that PTEN may be modulated in this process. Therefore, the effects of Zn2+ on PTEN were studied in human airway epithelial cells and rat lungs. Treatment with Zn2+ resulted in a significant reduction in levels of PTEN protein in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in a human airway epithelial cell line. This effect of Zn2+was also observed in normal human airway epithelial cells in primary culture and in rat airway epithelium in vivo. Concomitantly, levels of PTEN mRNA were also significantly reduced by Zn2+ exposure. PTEN phosphatase activity evaluated by measuring Akt phosphorylation decreased after Zn2+ treatment. Pretreatment of the cells with a proteasome inhibitor significantly blocked zinc-induced reduction of PTEN protein as well as the increase in Akt phosphorylation, implicating the involvement of proteasome-mediated PTEN degradation. Further study revealed that Zn2+-induced ubiquitination of PTEN protein may mediate this process. A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor blocked PTEN degradation induced by Zn2+, suggesting that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase may participate in the regulation of PTEN. However, both the proteasome inhibitor and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor failed to prevent significant down-regulation of PTEN mRNA expression in response to Zn2+. In summary, exposure to Zn2+ ions causes PTEN degradation and loss of function, which is mediated by an ubiquitin-associated proteolytic process in the airway epithelium.
Contrôle et évaluation in-situ des ouvrages en béton par spectrométrie diélectrique micro-ondes
Creators: name: Demontoux, François
name: Sbartaï, Mehdi
name: Couppey, Thomas
name: Wang, Yifan
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: La spectrométrie diélectrique est une technique de mesure permettant de mesurer la permittivité d'un matériau en fonction de la fréquence. A partir de la mesure de la permittivité il est possible d'obtenir d'autres grandeurs telles que l'humidité, la salinité ou la densité. La mesure sur une plage de fréquence suffisante (100MHz à 3GHz) permet le traitement des données afin d'obtenir la réponse temporelle du matériau à une excitation par un pulse électromagnétique. Dans ce cas il est possible de détecter et d'analyser des défauts dans le matériau. Nous avons développé une instrumentation qui permet d'effectuer des mesures in-situ. Tous les instruments placés sur un site sont en réseau et s'échangent les informations. Une application nous permet, depuis un ordinateur connecté à internet, de récupérer les données et de les visualiser dans le domaine fréquentiel ou temporel. Afin de pouvoir déployer ces instruments nous avons travaillé à la réduction des coûts qui, actuellement ne dépasse pas les 700 euros. Des premiers résultats de campagnes de mesures in-situ de structures bétons sont présentées.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 -mediated ERK Signaling Inhibits Gram-negative Bacteria-induced RelA Phosphorylation and Interleukin-6 Gene Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Modulation of Protein Phosphatase 2A Activity
Creators: name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Ruiz, Pedro A.
name: Kim, Sandra C.
name: Haller, Dirk
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: We have previously shown that non-pathogenic Gram-negative Bacteroides vulgatus induces transient RelA phosphorylation (Ser-536), NF-kappaB activity, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in native and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lines. We now demonstrate that 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) but not prostaglandin E(2) inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (B. vulgatus)/LPS (Escherichia coli)-induced RelA phosphorylation and interleukin-6 gene expression in the colonic epithelial cell line CMT-93. This inhibitory effect of 15d-PGJ(2) was mediated independently of LPS-induced IkappaBalpha phosphorylation/degradation and RelA nuclear translocation as well as RelA DNA binding activity. Interestingly, although B. vulgatus induced nuclear expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in native epithelium of monoassociated Fisher rats, PPARgamma-specific knock-down in CMT-93 cells using small interference RNA failed to reverse the inhibitory effects of PPARgamma agonist 15d-PGJ(2), suggesting PPARgamma-independent mechanisms. In addition, 15d-PGJ(2) but not the synthetic high affinity PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone triggered ERK1/2 phosphorylation in IEC, and most importantly, MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 reversed the inhibitory effect of 15dPGJ(2) on LPS-induced RelA phosphorylation and interleukin-6 gene expression. Calyculin A, a specific phosphoserine/phospho-threonine phosphatase inhibitor increased the basal phosphorylation of RelA and reversed the inhibitory effect of 15d-PGJ(2) on LPS-induced RelA phosphorylation. We further demonstrated in co-immunoprecipitation experiments that 15d-PGJ(2) triggered protein phosphatase 2A activity, which directly dephosphorylated RelA in LPS-stimulated CMT-93 cells. We concluded that 15d-PGJ(2) may help to control NF-kappaB signaling and normal intestinal homeostasis to the enteric microflora by modulating RelA phosphorylation in IEC through altered protein phosphatase 2A activity.
Ein anderes Modell der Welt
Creators: name: Mellmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: RoboCup
subject: Roboter
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Robotik
subject: mobile autonome Roboter
subject: humanoide Roboter
subject: Selbstlokalisierung
subject: Lokalisierungsverfahren
subject: Constraints
subject: Weltmodellierung
subject: artificial intelligence
subject: robot
subject: humanoid robot
subject: robotics
subject: mobile autonomous robot
subject: self-localization
subject: constraints
subject: world modelling
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Für viele Aufgaben (wie etwa Navigation) eines mobilen Roboters ist esnotwendig die Lage der Objekte in seiner unmittelbaren Umgebung zu kennen.Eine besondere Herausforderung stellt diese Aufgabe für die Roboter dar, derenWahrnehmung hauptsächlich auf einem gerichteten, visuellen System basiert,wie etwa eine Kamera mit begrenztem Öffnungswinkel.Die Unvollständigkeit und Ungenauigkeit der Sensorinformation führt zurUnsicherheit in der Vorstellung des Roboters von der Welt.Ein geeignetes Modell von der Welt kann dem Roboter die Fähigkeit zuplanen verleihen und ein komplexes Verhalten ermöglichen.Die aktuellen Verfahren nutzen meistens nur einen geringen Teil derInformationen die dem Roboter zu Verfügung stehen. Insbesondereredundante Informationen bleiben ungenutzt.In dieser Arbeit stellen wir Verfahren vor, die es zum Ziel haben möglichst gutredundante Informationen bei der Modellierung der Umwelt zu berücksichtigen.Im ersten Teil stellen wir eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten vor wie objektspezifischeEigenschaften verwendet werden können, um die Parameter der Kameramatrix zukorrigieren.Im zweiten Teil wird ein auf Constraints basierender Ansatz für die Modellierung der Weltvorgestellt.
description: Many tasks of a mobile robot, e.g., navigation, require the knowledge of the positions of the objects in the surrounding environment.This task is especially challenging for the robots which perception is based on a directed visual system, e.g., a camera with a limited view angle. The incomplete and noisy sensor information leads to the uncertainty in the robots belief of the world. An appropriate model of the world may enable the robot to make plans and to realize complex behavior.The state of the art modeling methods use often only a small part of the available information. In particular the redundant informationremain unused.In this work we investigate methods to exploit effectively the redundant information in order to get a better model of the world.In the first part we discuss a number of possibilities to use of specific properties of the objects to estimate the parameters of the camera matrix.In the second part we present a constraint based approach for the world modeling.
Magneto-optics in transition metal diselenide monolayers
Creators: name: Wang, G.
name: Bouet, L.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Amand, T.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Palleau, E.
name: Marie, X.
name: Urbaszek, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform photoluminescence experiments at 4K on two different transition metal diselenide monolayers, namely MoSe2 and WSe2 in magnetic fields $B_z$ up to 9T applied perpendicular to the sample plane. In MoSe2 monolayers the valley polarization of the neutral and the charged exciton (trion) can be tuned by the magnetic field, independent of the excitation laser polarization. In the investigated WSe2 monolayer sample the evolution of the trion valley polarization depends both on the applied magnetic field and the excitation laser helicity, while the neutral exciton valley polarization depends only on the latter. Remarkably we observe a reversal of the sign of the trion polarization between WSe2 and MoSe2. For both systems we observe a clear Zeeman splitting for the neutral exciton and the trion of about $\pm2$meV at $B_z\mp9$T. The extracted Landé-factors for both exciton complexes in both materials are $g\approx -4$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Meade et al_Supplemental Appendix 1_R2.doc from Substantial reduction in thermo-suitable microhabitat for a rainforest marsupial under climate change.
Creators: name: Meade, Jessica
name: VanDerWal, Jeremy
name: Storlie, Collin
name: Williams, Stephen
name: Gourret, Arnaud
name: Krockenberger, Andrew
name: Welbergen, Justin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Increases in mean temperatures caused by anthropogenic climate change increase the frequency and severity of temperature extremes. Although extreme temperature events are likely to become increasingly important drivers of species' response to climate change, the impacts are poorly understood owing mainly to a lack of understanding of species’ physiological responses to extreme temperatures. The physiological response of Pseudochirops archeri (green ringtail possum) to temperature extremes has been well studied, demonstrating that heterothermy is used to reduce evaporative water loss at temperatures greater than 30°C. Dehydration is likely to limit survival when animals are exposed to a critical thermal regime of ≥30°C, for ≥5 h, for ≥4 consecutive days. In this study, we use this physiological information to assess P. archeri's vulnerability to climate change. We identify areas of current thermo-suitable habitat (validated using sightings), then estimate future thermo-suitable habitat for P. archeri, under four emission scenarios. Our projections indicate that up to 86% of thermo-suitable habitat could be lost by 2085, a serious conservation concern for the species. We demonstrate the potential applicability of our approach for generating spatio-temporally explicit predictions of the vulnerability of species to extreme temperature events, providing a focus for efficient and targeted conservation and habitat restoration management.
A Tyrosine-based Sorting Signal Regulates Intracellular Trafficking of Protease-activated Receptor-1: MULTIPLE REGULATORY MECHANISMS FOR AGONIST-INDUCED G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR INTERNALIZATION
Creators: name: Paing, May M.
name: Temple, Brenda R.S.
name: Trejo, Jo Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for thrombin, is irreversibly proteolytically activated, internalized, and then sorted to lysosomes and degraded. Internalization and lysosomal sorting of activated PAR1 is critical for termination of receptor signaling. We previously demonstrated that activated PAR1 is rapidly phosphorylated and internalized via a clathrin- and dynamin-dependent pathway that is independent of arrestins. Toward understanding the mechanisms responsible for activated PAR1 internalization through clathrin-coated pits we examined the function of a highly conserved tyrosine-based motif, YXXL, localized in the cytoplasmic carboxyl tail of the receptor. A mutant PAR1 in which tyrosine 383 and leucine 386 were replaced with alanines (Y383A/L386A) was significantly impaired in agonist-triggered internalization and degradation compared with wild-type receptor. In contrast, constitutive internalization, and recycling of unactivated PAR1 Y383A/L386A mutant was not affected, suggesting that tonic cycling of the mutant receptor remained intact. Strikingly, a PAR1 C387Z truncation mutant in which the YXXL motif was exposed at the C terminus constitutively internalized and degraded in an agonist-independent manner, whereas C387Z truncation mutant in which the critical tyrosine and leucine were mutated to alanine (C387Z-Y383A/L386A) failed to internalize. Inhibition of PAR1 C387Z mutant constitutive internalization with dominant-negative K44A dynamin blocked agonist-independent degradation of the mutant receptor. Together these findings strongly suggest that internalization of activated PAR1 is controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms involving phosphorylation and a highly conserved tyrosine-based motif, YXXL. This study is the first to describe a function for a tyrosine-based motif, YXX, in GPCR internalization and reveal novel complexities in the regulation of GPCR trafficking.