Zwicknia kovacsi Muranyi & Gamboa 2014, sp. n.
Creators: name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Orci, Kirill Márk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Zwicknia
Zwicknia kovacsi

description: Zwicknia kovacsi Murányi & Gamboa, sp. n.
(Figs. 49–51, 53–55, 86–89, 110, 116, 123, 131–132, 160, 168, 183–184, 190–192, 194, 196–197).
Diagnosis. Male epiproct: Ep-scl medially swollen, wide and blunt in dorsal view, tip straight in lateral view; ventral membranous section terminates far before the base in lateral view, apical spines thin and long, distributed also on the apex of Ep-scl. Process of male Tg 9: wide, perpendicularly elevated, 2 × wider than the swollen part of the Ep-scl, bearing two distinct apical horns. Males produce short (150–160 ms), monophasic, percussive calls. A call is composed of 6–7 beats that follow each other with nearly constant inter-beat intervals (27–34 ms at 17–18 o C ambient air temperature). Calls are produced sporadically.
Type material. Holotype male: ROMANIA: Maramureş County, Rodna Mts., Borşa-Staţiunea Borşa, Cimpoies Stream above the village, N 47°36.323’ E 24°46.828’, 930 m a.s.l., 02.04.201 1, leg. T. Kovács, D. Murányi (HNHM: PLP3809; used for drawings Figs. 49–51, 53–55). Paratypes: same locality and date: 1m (BYUC; used for drawings Figs. 86–89, 123, 131–132, 160, for molecular studies as 300988, drumming recorded as 2011/No.2), 1m (HNHM: PLP3807; terminalia prepared for SEM to Figs. 110, 116, used for molecular studies as 300987, drumming recorded as 2011/No.1, Figs. 183–184), 1f (MM).
Description. Head, thorax, appendages and basal segments of the abdomen generotypic. Males micropterous, females macropterous. Body length: holotype 5.5 mm, male paratypes 5.5, female paratype 8.0 mm; forewing length: holotype 1.2 mm, male paratypes 1.2–1.4 mm, female paratype 7.0 mm.
Male terminalia (Figs. 86–89, 123): Process of Tg 9 high and wide, its apex 1½× wider, membranous section in dorsal view 2 × wider than the medial swollen section of Ep-scl; apex perpendicularly elevated but the base slightly fold backwards; its sides are slightly sinuous, the apex broadly incised and bear two distinct horns; sides slightly indenting in caudal view, the membranous portion narrowest in the apical part (Fig. 160). Tg 10, B-scl and Lb-scl generotypic. Ep-scl wide and blunt in dorsal view, medially swollen, its medial width is nearly the same like basal width; tip straight in lateral view, divided section short. Ventral membranous part between the division of Ep-scl ends far before the base in lateral view; apical spines thin and long, distributed not only on the membranous part but extend to the Ep-scl (Figs. 110, 116, 131–132). I-scl generotypic, Ec short and contorted in the three known specimens. St 9 not projecting medially, vesicle small. Sg rounded with not so pronounced triangular shape, tip rounded. Pp, Fp, Rp and cerci generotypic.
Female subgenital plate: Rectangular, posterior margin rounded, slightly incised and equal to the segment’s posterior margin. Antero-lateral recess distinct, the plate is entirely brown; lateral sclerites relatively large.
Drumming: Males produce single, short monophasic calls sporadically. Within each call, beat repetition frequency is nearly constant (see Fig 190, Appendix Table 4). A call is composed of beats with nearly constant amplitude. See Figs. 168, 183–184 for the oscillographic pattern of the male drumming calls of this species. Mean values of the examined drumming call parameters for the two studied specimens (male 1, male 2): DC (ms): 157.4, 154; NBC: 6.3, 6; MBI (ms): 29.8, 30.8; air temperature (o C): 17.7, 17.4. The pattern of male-female drumming duet is presently unknown.
Genetics: The phylogeny (Fig. 192) indicates a well-supported node for the Romanian population separated from other Zwicknia populations ranging from 2%–3%.
Affinities. This species is morphologically distinct, and readily separated from other Zwicknia known species on the basis of swollen Ep-scl and very wide, distinctly bicornuate process of Tg 9. Females of this species are difficult to reliably separate from other Zwicknia species. The male drumming calls of this species are conspicuously different from those of Z. bifrons and Z. acuta which produce much longer calls with much slower beat repetition rate. Short call duration and fast beat repetition make the male calls of Z. kovacsi similar to the calls of Z. rupprechti. Despite the small sample of drumming calls available from Z. kovacsi our results suggest that this species produces longer calls composed of more beats, repeated more evenly and with longer inter-beat intervals, than in Z. rupprechti. Regarding its longer mean beat interval the male call of Z. kovacsi apparently is less closely similar to Rupprecht's "Capbif" drumming variant (Rupprecht 1997) than the male call of Z. rupprechti. This species is genetically distinct from the other species with 19 informative characters.
Distribution and ecology. Zwicknia kovacsi occurs only in the Rodna Mts. of the Eastern Carpathians (Figs. 196–197). There are only four additional records of Zwicknia from Romania (Kis 1974), the specimens we examined from Cluj-Napoca are Z. bifrons, and the figures of Kis (1974: Fig. 64 A–C) probably also refer to this species. Adults were collected in early April at a single, fast flowing and medium-sized mountain stream at an elevation of 930 m (Fig. 194).
Etymology. The species is dedicated to Tibor Kovács, Gyöngyös, Hungary, in recognition of his contribution to our knowledge on the Plecoptera and other insects of the Carpathian Basin and the Balkans; furthermore, he is one of the collectors of the type series. Used as the genitive of a noun of male gender.
description: Published as part of Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet & Orci, Kirill Márk, 2014, Zwicknia gen. n., a new genus for the Capnia bifrons species group, with descriptions of three new species based on morphology, drumming signals and molecular genetics, and a synopsis of the West Palaearctic and Nearctic genera of Capniidae (Plecoptera), pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 3812 (1) on pages 44-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3812.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4919079