Paramaka pearljam Mariano, 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Mariano, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Paramaka
Paramaka pearljam

description: Paramaka pearljam, sp. n.
(Figs. 1–3)
Diagnosis. Paramaka pearljam can be separated from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characters:
Nymph. 1) gills on abdominal segments I–VII and vestigial on abdominal segment VII, platelike, not ending in a apical process; 2) labrum expanded laterally, 1.3 maximum width of clypeus; 3) posterolateral projection weakly developed on abdominal segments VIII and more prominent on segment IX; 4) tarsal claw without an accessory denticle.
Male Imago. 1) Coloration as in Fig. 2 E and Fig. 3; 2) styliger plate with a conspicuous and large median projection with apex curved ventrally; 3) each lobe of penes with a membranous projection.
Mature Nymph. (Fig. 1) General coloration: brown yellowish.
Head. Yellowish; eyes of female black; antenna with pedicel yellow. Mouthparts: yellow; labrum (Fig. 1 B) rounded with a median depression; labrum expanded laterally, 1.3 maximum width of clypeus, anterior margin almost straight; lateral margins strongly concave; mandibles (Fig. 1 C) yellowish, without bristles on outer dorsal margin; maxillae yellow (Fig. 1 D); labium (Fig. 1 A) with segment III of palpi similar in length to segment I, and segment II slightly larger than I and III; paraglossa with numerous antero–dorsal bristles; glossa with fine bristles on apex.
Thorax. General color of pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum brown with suture brown yellowish. Legs yellowish; all femora with short spines and a few long setae near to apex on outer margin, and short spines along the inner margin (Fig. 1 E); apex of claw without accessory denticle (Fig. 1 G); fore tarsi (Fig.1 E) with spines on inner margin, progressively larger toward apex.
Abdomen. (Fig. 1 F, 1H) Tergites I–IV yellow and tergites V–X yellow–brownish with a medial black line on all; sternites I–X yellow; gills presents in abdominal segments I–VII, basally light gray, progressively darker distally to about 3/4 of distance from base, pale apically; median tracheal trunk gray; all gills on abdominal segments I–VII and vestigial on abdominal segment VII, platelike, not ended in a thin apical process. Posterolateral projection weakly developed on abdominal segments VIII and more prominent on segment IX (Fig. 1 H). Terminal filaments broken.
Male Imago (Figs. 2, 3) (in alcohol and slide). General coloration orange brown as in Fig. 2 E and Fig. 3.
Head. Brown; eyes of male meeting on meson of head, upper portion of eyes brownish and lowers portion black; ocelli white; antennal scape brown, pedicel brown, flagellum pale.
Thorax. Chestnut, with tergal suture yellowish brown, and sternal suture brown. Wings (Fig. 2 A, 2B): forewings hyaline with veins and crossveins yellowish. Hind wings: costal projection well developed. Legs: femora, tibia and tarsi yellowish, tarsal claws dissimilar, one hooked apically, other pad–like. Except for apex of femur and base of tibia III tinged with black.
Abdomen (Figs. 2 E, 3). All tergites with a dorsal median black band; tergites I and II tinged with brown; III– VI brown with a white anterior band, and IV and V with a white posterior band; VII–X dark brown; in lateral view, II–VI with a white anterior spot, and a small white spot near to spiracles; sternites I–II brown; III–VI brown with two white anterior spots, III and IV with a white posterior band; VII–X dark brown;in some specimens general color of abdomen as in Fig. 3. Genitalia (Figs. 2 C, 2D, 2F): forceps yellowish; styliger plate with a conspicuous and large median projection with apex curved ventrally (indicated by an arrow in Fig. 2 D and Fig. 2 F); inner margin of segment I of forceps with short spines; penis rounded on the apex and with a membranous inner projection (Fig. 2 C). Terminal filament broken off.
Female Imago. Unknown
Biology. The specimens of P. pearljam were collected in a low order permanent stony and sanding bottom stream. The collection of nymphs was made manually and the imagos caught at light trap.
Etymology. Named to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Pearl Jam.
Material. Holotype: 3imago: Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Fazenda Manaus, tributary of ribeirão Bonito, 2º ponte, 07.x.2007, S 12o 55’ 599” W 0 51 o 53’ 474”, 329m, light trap, Pinho, L. C.; Mateus, S.; Torati, L. & Silva, F.R.. Paratypes: 2 3imagos, 2 nymphs: same data as holotype.
Remarks. The nymph of this species has the typical gill colouration pattern of Paramaka, but their apex is always blunt and not ending in an apical process, as it can be seen in P. convexa on gills III–VI and in P. antonii on gills IV–VI. The absence of an accessory denticle on tarsal claw is another character to differ P. pearljam from the other two Paramaka species. Sartori (2005) mentioned as the main difference between P. antonii and P. convexa the presence of a well–developed carina on the anterior margin of the clypeus. In imago the main difference is the form of the styliger plate, as in P. pearljam the projection on styliger plate is conspicuous and large with apex curved ventrally (Figs. 2 D, 2F), whereas P. convexa has a median ridge projecting dorsally between the penes.
description: Published as part of Mariano, Rodolfo, 2011, A new species of Paramaka Savage & Domínguez, 1992 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Brazil, pp. 45-50 in Zootaxa 3038 on pages 46-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207728