cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-resolution path-integral development of financial options
Creators: name: Ingber, Lester
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Black-Scholes theory of option pricing has been considered for many years as an important but very approximate zeroth-order description of actual market behavior. We generalize the functional form of the diffusion of these systems and also consider multi-factor models including stochastic volatility. Daily Eurodollar futures prices and implied volatilities are fit to determine exponents of functional behavior of diffusions using methods of global optimization, Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA), to generate tight fits across moving time windows of Eurodollar contracts. These short-time fitted distributions are then developed into long-time distributions using a robust non-Monte Carlo path-integral algorithm, PATHINT, to generate prices and derivatives commonly used by option traders.
description: 41 PostScript pages, including 3 figures
Comparison and Enlightenment of China’s and EU’s Food Safety Supervision Systems
Creators: name: DENG, Yanyu
name: WU, Xing
name: DENG, Yanyu
name: WU, Xing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food safety, Supervision system, Comparison, Enlightenment

description: Food is the paramount necessity of the people, and safety is most essential for food. Food safety is related to people’s fundamental interests, affecting people’s basic health. It is an important factor in promoting people’s livelihood development and social progress. Compared with European countries and the United States with developed food safety supervision systems, the development of food safety supervision system in China is still relatively backward. As food safety supervision is not in place, food safety incidents have occurred in recent years, so that public’s panic about food safety has intensified. It has a strong impact on social stability and the food economy. Thus, strengthening the construction of food safety supervision system is imperative. Since experiencing a series of food safety incidents, the EU has gradually improved its food safety supervision system and has developed the most comprehensive and mature food safety supervision system in the world. On the basis of sorting out the characteristics of EU’s food safety supervision system, the development direction of China’s food safety supervision system is proposed from four aspects: supervisor, legal system, law enforcement ability and safety standards.
title: Discovery of Natural Products with Potential Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity
Creators: name: Tran, Trong Duc
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Prostate cancer
subject: Neonatal foreskin fibroblast (NFF) non-cancer cells
subject: Pipestela candelabra
subject: Ancorina geodides
subject: Cnemidocarpa stolonifera
subject: Ptilonia australasica
subject: Austrobaileya scandens
subject: Cephalotaxus oliveri

description: Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer among men in Australia and worldwide. More than 1.1 million cases of prostate cancer worldwide were recorded in 2012, accounting for around 8% of all new cancer cases and 15% of cancer cases in men. Prostate cancer also accounted for 15% of the total burden of cancer in Australian men in 2012. Even with the advanced treatments developed to manage this cancer disease, the prognosis for survival in prostate cancer patients at a metastatic stage is poor. Therefore, there is a high demand for the discovery of new target-specific anti-prostate cancer drugs. This study focuses on the discovery of natural products with potential anti-prostate cancer activity. A cytotoxicity assay on the human PC3 cells, which are androgen insensitive prostate cancer cells with a highly metastatic potential, was developed to screen a subset of the Nature Bank lead-like enhanced fraction (LLEF) library. High throughput screening of 13,720 natural product LLEFs against PC3 cells and further retest against the human neonatal foreskin fibroblast (NFF) non-cancer cells resulted in five hit fractions (belonging to four different biota) showing selective inhibition against PC3 cells and four hit fractions (belonging to four different biota) showing potent cytotoxicity against both PC3 and NFF cells. Subsequent isolations of six active biota (two sponges Pipestela candelabra and Ancorina geodides, one tunicate Cnemidocarpa stolonifera, one alga Ptilonia australasica, and two plants Austrobaileya scandens and Cephalotaxus oliveri) led to the identification of 16 new natural products together with 29 known compounds.
title: Systems Everywhere: On the Incorporation of the Vocabulary of Systems Sciences in Architectural Discourse during the Second Half of the 20th Century
title: SYSTEMS EVERYWHERE: On the Incorporation of the Vocabulary of Systems Sciences in Architectural Discourse During the Second Half of the 20th Century
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Moynihan, Michael
Publisher: name: Georgia Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Systems
Autonomy
Cybernetics
Self-organization

description: ConCave Ph.D. Symposium 2020: Divergence in Architectural Research, March 5-6, 2020, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
description: Through a consideration of well-known architectural sources, this paper will take inventory of the divergent, contradictory, and sometimes productive ways architects and architectural writers came to rely on the language of systems sciences in the second half of the twentieth century. For example, in K. Michael Hays’ anthology Architecture Theory Since 1968, the word “system” appeared 640 times. Alberto Perez-Gomez used the word 51 times in his short introduction to Claude Perrault’s Ordonnance to explain methodological changes occurring in seventeenth century France. There are other examples, of course: What Denise Scott Brown and Robert Venturi intended to learn from—far more than Las Vegas or Levittown—were “communication systems;” Jane Jacobs used complexity theory; Christopher Alexander said the city is a system not a tree; and even John Turner, an architect best known for self-build housing in Peru, used Ashby’s Law of Requisite Variety (more commonly known as the first law of cybernetics) to argue against corporate and state power. As Ludwig Von Bertalanffy said in his influential book General Systems Theory, “systems [were] everywhere.” In this paper, I will untangle this complicated encounter between architecture and information sciences in two ways. First, I will show how systems metaphors have been used as a conceptual tool to define what has been called “architectural autonomy.” This includes writers who created a systematic traceable relationship between organizational protocols of architectural form to define architecture as separate from culture, politics, or ideology. Second, I will show examples of how systems have been used as an operative tool for the designer; specifically, architects and city planners who used new sciences of control to solve large complex problems.
Measuring the heavy neutrino oscillations in rare W boson decays at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Cvetic, Gorazd
name: Das, Arindam
name: Tapia, Sebastian
name: Zamora-Saa, Jilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana neutrinos in the seesaw model can have sizable mixings through which they can be produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and show a remarkable Lepton Number Violating (LNV) signature. In this article we study the LNV decay of the W boson via two almost degenerate heavy on-shell Majorana neutrinos $N_j$, into three charged leptons and a light neutrino. We consider the scenario where the heavy neutrino masses are within $1$ GeV $\leq M_N \leq 10$ GeV. We evaluated the possibility to measure a LNV oscillation process in such a scenario, namely, the modulation of the quantity $d Γ/d L$ for the process at the LHC where $W^{\pm} \to μ^{\pm} N \to μ^{\pm} τ^{\pm} W^{\mp *}$ $ \to μ^{\pm} τ^{\pm} e^{\mp} ν_e$. $L$ is the distance within the detector between the two vertices of the process. We found out some realistic conditions under which such a modulation could be probed at the LHC.
description: Accepted in Journal of Physics G
Semistable divisorial contractions
Creators: name: Hacking, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E30 (Primary), 14J10 (Secondary)

description: The semistable minimal model program is a special case of the minimal model program concerning 3-folds fibred over a curve and birational morphisms preserving this structure. We classify semistable divisorial contractions which contract the exceptional divisor to a normal point of a fibre. Our results can be applied to describe compact moduli spaces of surfaces.
description: 16 pages. Introduction rewritten and references added in version 2
Additional file 1: of Analysis of pre- and intraoperative clinical for successful operating room extubation after living donor liver transplantation: a retrospective observational cohort study
Creators: name: Chae, Min
name: Jong-Woan Kim
name: Joon-Yong Jung
name: Choi, Ho
name: Chung, Hyun
name: Park, Chul
name: Choi, Jong
name: Hong, Sang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Comparison of OR extubation rates among five anesthesiologists. (DOCX 20 kb)
Temperature‐Dependent Photoredox Catalysis for CO2 Reduction Coupled with Selective Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation over ZnIn2S4/In2O3 Heterostructure
Creators: name: Lei, Jian
name: Yang, Hongyuan
name: Chen, Ziliang
name: Meng, Sugang
name: Zhou, Nan
name: Yang, Yang
name: Menezes, Prashanth W.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: benzyl alcohol oxidation
subject: CO2 reduction
subject: interfacial electric fields
subject: photothermal redox catalysis
subject: temperature-dependent selectivity
subject: ZnIn2S4/In2O3 heterojunctions

description: CO2 reduction (CO2RR) with selective benzyl alcohol (BA) oxidation in a single photoredox reaction can simultaneously utilize photogenerated electrons and holes to realize efficient production of fuels and value‐added chemicals. Herein, a unique 2D/1D ZnIn2S4/In2O3 (ZIS/In2O3) heterostructure is developed displaying outstanding performance for photoredox catalysis. As is unequivocally illustrated by various advanced ex situ/in situ characterizations and theoretic calculations, the notable catalytic performances originate from the built‐in interfacial electric field within the ZIS/In2O3 heterostructure, which strongly ameliorates the separation and transport of charge carriers. Remarkably, the catalytic activity can further be boosted after coupling the additional thermal treatments, and the product selectivity is highly temperature dependent. Thereby, the precise formation of targeted products, which can serve as valuable industrial products and fuels can be controlled by changing the reaction temperatures, including obtaining the syngas with different H2/CO ratios from CO2 reduction, as well as benzaldehyde, hydrogenated benzoin, and dibenzyl ether (never reported for BA during photocatalysis) from the BA conversion. This study offers a constructive and inspiring contribution to reasonably developing photoredox catalysts, which can fully utilize photogenerated electrons and holes, as well as demonstrate how to controllably yield the targeted products by coupling thermo‐ and photoredox catalysis.
title: Tapping into Urban Recycling for Low-cost Building Alternatives: Experimenting with Waste Cardboard Reuse in Architecture
title: TAPPING INTO URBAN RECYCLING FOR LOW-COST BUILDING ALTERNATIVES: Experimenting with Waste Cardboard Reuse in Architecture
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Diarte, Julio
Publisher: name: Georgia Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Waste cardboard architecture
Construction workshop
Low-cost building parts

description: ConCave Ph.D. Symposium 2020: Divergence in Architectural Research, March 5-6, 2020, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
description: The work presented in this paper is part of a research that explores upcycling waste corrugated cardboard into building components. The research focuses on developing countries where there is a vast low- income population that needs housing but who find standard construction systems unaffordable. The research involves observational studies on the work of cardboard pickers in Paraguay seeking to understand the cycle of waste cardboard in the local context; development of digital tools to design building parts with waste cardboard and generate their fabrication instructions; hands-on work in an academic setting prototyping and testing building parts; and experimenting with the building system in the target context through workshops. This article summarizes several lessons learned during a workshop developed with a group of waste cardboard collectors and discusses the potential alternatives to the shortcomings.
Combining Unsupervised Lexical Knowledge Methods for Word Sense Disambiguation
Creators: name: Rigau, German
name: Atserias, Jordi
name: Agirre, Eneko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a method to combine a set of unsupervised algorithms that can accurately disambiguate word senses in a large, completely untagged corpus. Although most of the techniques for word sense resolution have been presented as stand-alone, it is our belief that full-fledged lexical ambiguity resolution should combine several information sources and techniques. The set of techniques have been applied in a combined way to disambiguate the genus terms of two machine-readable dictionaries (MRD), enabling us to construct complete taxonomies for Spanish and French. Tested accuracy is above 80% overall and 95% for two-way ambiguous genus terms, showing that taxonomy building is not limited to structured dictionaries such as LDOCE.
description: 8 pages, uses aclap.sty
Electric Field Intensity Modulated Scattering as a Thin-Film Depth Probe
Creators: name: Dudenas, Peter J.
name: Weber, Adam Z.
name: Kusoglu, Ahmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grazing incidence x-ray scattering provides nanostructural information for thin film samples, but single images generally do not provide information on film thickness or the full complex index of refraction. Additionally, for thin films that possess stratification of scatterers vertically within a sample, it can be difficult to determine where those scatterers are positioned. We present an in-situ method to extract film thickness, the index of refraction, and depth information using scattering images taken across a range of incident angles. The underlying theory is presented, and we validate the technique using two sets of polymer thin films. Finally, we discuss how it can be implemented as a general beamline procedure. This technique is applicable to any thin-film material and has potentially far-reaching impact by enabling depth-sensitive information in situ at any grazing incidence-capable beamline.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures Revision Comments: The title has been changed to reflect the expanded scope of the revised manuscript. Theoretical background for the technique has been expanded. Data analysis for the single layer films was re-done, using updated beam divergence and energy resolution values. Finally, an additional section on bi-layer films has been added
Adaptive stiffness in lattice metastructures through tensile-buckling inspired topology morphing
Creators: name: Sundararaman, Venkatesh
name: McHale, Ciarán
name: P. O’Donnell, Matthew
name: V. Chenchiah, Isaac
name: Weaver, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: This paper explores the use of simultaneous tensile buckling of unit cells to induce a transformation in lattice topology. Under tension, unit cells undergo passive transformation from a rectangle-like to a triangle-/pentagon-like topology, with an associated change in the effective stiffness properties. This behaviour is investigated through finite element analysis and experiments, with analytical results providing insights into the observed behaviour. The analysis identifies (i) that the initial unit cell topology (rectangular) is dominated by membrane effects, (ii) the transformation phase is associated with negative stiffness, and (iii) once formed, the new topology (triangular/pentagonal) exhibits increased stiffness in both compression and tension. Finite element analysis confirms that the unit cell behaviour is also preserved in lattices. Under tension, the lattice undergoes a seven-fold increase in stiffness as it transitions from its initial to the new topology, with a regime of negative stiffness during this transformation accounting for approximately 82% of its total elastic deformation. This new approach to elastically tailor the nonlinear response of (meta-)materials/structures has the potential to contribute to the development of novel tensile energy absorbers.
Danacea messenica Liberti 2009
Creators: name: Hájek, Jiří
name: Švihla, Vladimír
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Danacea
Danacea messenica

description: Danacea messenica Liberti, 2009
 Danacea messenica Liberti, 2009: 71, Figs. 65–68, 118.
Six paratypes are deposited in NMPC (general collection):
 PARATYPE (♀): ‘Sparta, Pelopones. / Mařan et Štěp. / 1935 Coll, Bartoň [p] // Danacea / serbica Kiesw. / det. Nigrin [p] // PARATYPUS / Danacea / messenica Liberti / (Sept. 2008, Lib.) [p, red label] // Danacea / messenica Lib. in litt. [hw] / det. G. Liberti [p] II.08 [hw]’.
 PARATYPES (J 3 ♀♀): ‘Sparta, Pelopones. / Mařan et Štěp. / 1935 Coll, Bartoň [p] // Danacea / serbica Kiesw. / det. Nigrin 1984 [p] // PARATYPUS / Danacea / messenica Liberti / (Sept. 2008, Lib.) [p, red label]’.
 PARATYPE (J): ‘Issari, Pelopones. / Mařan et Štěp. / 1935 Coll, Bartoň [p] // Danacea / serbica Kiesw. / det. Nigrin 1984 [p] // PARATYPUS / Danacea / messenica Liberti / (Sept. 2008, Lib.) [p, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species.
description: Published as part of Hájek, Jiří & Švihla, Vladimír, 2012, Catalogue of the type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 603-654 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (2) on pages 627-628, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5332821
title: Ontology Evolution in Description Logics
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ontologies
subject: Description logics
subject: Complex ontologies
subject: Ontology reduction operator
subject: Classical forgetting

description: Ontologies are widely used in knowledge intensive applications such as health care, bioinformatics and the Semantic Web to provide shared languages for describing underlying domains. Ontologies are often modelled using description logics to provide succinct and expressive formalisms, well-defined semantics and efficient reasoning methods. The design and management of large complex ontologies in practice are often considered as life cycles, which raise the need for well-defined, efficient, and automated methods and tools to support ontology evolution over time. However, ontology evolution is difficult, as naive methods for ontology evolution may introduce incorrect semantics and even inconsistencies. Consequently, ontology evolution is poorly supported by the existing editing and reasoning tools. In this dissertation, we develop several new methods for ontology evolution, using description logics as underlying formalisms. We focus on two important ontology evolution operations: ontology reduction and ontology extension. These two operations correspond to the removal and addition of knowledge in ontologies, respectively, and both have important applications in ontology engineering. We define an ontology reduction operator, (model-based) forgetting, by adapting classical forgetting to description logics. Our forgetting operator is capable of eliminating terms from an ontology and reformulating the remaining axioms in a way that preserves the semantics of the remaining terms. In this sense, forgetting is more powerful than the existing module extraction approaches. We also introduce a parameterized definition of forgetting, called query-based forgetting, as a general framework that captures both forgetting and uniform interpolation in description logics.
Photon bursts at lasing onset and modeling issues in micro-VCSELs
Creators: name: Wang, T.
name: Puccioni, G. P.
name: Lippi, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous photon bursts are observed in the output collected from a mesoscale semiconductor-based laser near the lasing threshold. Their appearence is compared to predictions obtained from Laser Rate Equations and from a Stochastic Laser Simulator. While the latter is capable of predicting the observed large photon bursts, the photon numbers computed by the former produces a noisy trace well below the experimentally detectable limit. We explain the discrepancy between the two approaches on the basis of an incorrect accounting of the onset of stimulated emission by the Rate Equations, which instead are capable of complementing the physical description through topological considerations.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 76 references
Entwicklung einer biotechnologischen Produktionskette von Gemüseabfall hin zu Plattformchemikalien
Creators: name: Schmidt, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gemüseabfall
Bioelektrochemisches System
Acetoin
1-Propanol

description: Durch die Energiewende liegt ein Fokus auf einer effizienteren Abfallverwertung und der Vermeidung von Energieverschwendung. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob ein aus Gemüseabfällen gewonnenes Fermentat ein potentielles Substrat für ein bioelektrochemisches System darstellt. Dieses System sollte es ermöglichen, die Oxidation organischer Reststoffe mit der Produktion von Strom zu koppeln. Es wurde gezeigt, dass das Fermentat ein geeignetes Substrat darstellt, und die enthaltenen organischen Säuren von Mikroorganismen im bioelektrochemischen System zu CO2 oxidiert werden können. Dabei wurden anfallende Elektronen des Stoffwechsels auf die Anode des Systems übertragen und es konnte ein Strom gemessen werden. Außerdem wurde gezeigt, dass die organischen Säuren Acetat und Butyrat nahezu vollständig abgebaut werden, während die Säure Propionat zunächst nicht oder nur im geringen Maße abgebaut wird und daher im Fermentat verbleibt, bis Acetat und Butyrat vollständig oxidiert sind. Erst wenn kein anderes Substrat mehr zur Verfügung steht, wird auch Propionat abgebaut. Durch Einsatz eines Inhibitors konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Großteil des Acetat-Abbaus sowie ein Teil des Butyrat-Abbaus durch Methanogenese bedingt ist. Der Verdacht auf Beteiligung methanogener Organismen wurde zudem über eine 16S rRNA- sowie eine Metatranskriptomanalyse bestätigt. Um die Produktionskette abzuschließen, wurden bakterielle Produktionsstämme entwickelt, die in der Lage sind, Propionat zu Platformchemikalien umzusetzen und so auch diese eher reaktionsträge Säure zu einem wertvollen Endprodukt umzusetzen. Hierfür wurden zudem Filtrationsprozesse in die Kette integriert, um das Fermentat nach der Behandlung im bioelektrochemischen System von Schwebstoffen zu befreien und eine Aufkonzentrierung des Propionats zu erreichen. Insgesamt konnten so aus Gemüseabfallfermentat 190,83 ± 52,40 μA/cm2 Strom gewonnen werden. Bei der Veredelung zu Platformchemikalien konnten aus Propionat 494,30 mg/l Acetoin mit einer Umsetzungsrate von 45,53% und 456,46 mg/l 1-Propanol mit einer Umsetzungsrate von 97,94% produziert werden. Durch die Aneinanderreihung von biotechnologischen Prozessen bietet diese Arbeit einen innovativen Lösungsansatz für die Verwertung von Bioabfällen sowie eine Möglichkeit zur nachhaltigen Energiegewinnung.
Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning
Creators: name: Samuel, Ken
name: Carberry, Sandra
name: Vijay-Shanker, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For the task of recognizing dialogue acts, we are applying the Transformation-Based Learning (TBL) machine learning algorithm. To circumvent a sparse data problem, we extract values of well-motivated features of utterances, such as speaker direction, punctuation marks, and a new feature, called dialogue act cues, which we find to be more effective than cue phrases and word n-grams in practice. We present strategies for constructing a set of dialogue act cues automatically by minimizing the entropy of the distribution of dialogue acts in a training corpus, filtering out irrelevant dialogue act cues, and clustering semantically-related words. In addition, to address limitations of TBL, we introduce a Monte Carlo strategy for training efficiently and a committee method for computing confidence measures. These ideas are combined in our working implementation, which labels held-out data as accurately as any other reported system for the dialogue act tagging task.
description: 7 pages, no Postscript figures, uses colacl.sty and acl.bst
title: Primary School English Language Education in China: Exploring the Attitudes and Perceptions of Key Stakeholders
Creators: name: Qi, Yue (Grace)
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: English language education, China
subject: English as a second language, China
subject: Language education policy, China

description: The phenomenon of English as an international language has impacted on China in a wide range of ways across educational systems and society. English is seen as an extremely important language; therefore, the Chinese Government has promoted the acquisition of English by their citizens by making it a compulsory subject from Primary Three (Year Three), believing the notion of “the earlier the better” for language learning. Previous studies regarding English language education in China have focused on language-in-education policies and curriculum implementation, and the problems of teaching and learning in tertiary settings, but few studies have been conducted in primary or secondary schools. Although some theoretical concerns about the involvement of micro-level agents, who are also key stakeholders, have been considered, difficulties and challenges faced at a micro-level within communities, in particular the voices of key stakeholders on real needs of English and status of English, have not been studied. Through exploring the attitudes and perceptions of five key stakeholders (parents, students, teachers, principals, and government officials), this present study provides an in-depth understanding of primary school English education in China and considers pedagogical implications for the teaching of English.
Rejuvenation and Shear-Banding in model amorphous solids
Creators: name: Barbot, Armand
name: Lerbinger, Matthias
name: Lemaître, Anaël
name: Vandembroucq, Damien
name: Patinet, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the local yield stress, at the scale of small atomic regions, in a deeply quenched two-dimensional glass model undergoing shear banding in response to athermal quasistatic (AQS) deformation. We find that the occurrence of essentially a single plastic event suffices to bring the local yield stress distribution to a well-defined value for all strain orientations, thus essentially erasing the memory of the initial structure. It follows that in a well-relaxed sample, plastic events cause the abrupt (nucleation-like) emergence of a local softness contrast and thus precipitate the formation of a band, which, in its early stages, is measurably softer than the steady-state flow. Moreover, this postevent yield stress ensemble presents a mean value comparable to that of the inherent states of a supercooled liquid around the mode-coupling temperature $T_{\rm MCT}$. This, we argue, explains that the transition between brittle and ductile yielding in amorphous materials occurs around a comparable parent temperature. Our data also permit to capture quantitatively the contributions of pressure and density changes and demonstrate unambiguously that they are negligible compared with the changes of softness caused by structural rejuvenation.
Network pharmacology and molecular modelling study of Enhydra fluctuans for the prediction of the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis
Creators: name: Chattaraj, Bornika
name: Khanal, Pukar
name: Nandi, Arijit
name: Das, Anwesha
name: Sharma, Amit
name: Mitra, Soumya
name: Dey, Yadu Nandan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In view of the ethno medicinal use of Enhydra fluctuans for the treatment of kidney stones; the present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis through a network pharmacology approach. The phytoconstituents were queried in DIGEP-Pred to identify the regulated proteins. The modulated proteins were then enriched in the STRING to predict the protein-protein interactions and the probably regulated pathways were traced in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Further, the network was constructed using Cytoscape ver 3.5.1. Results showed that β-carotene was found to be regulating maximum targets i.e. 26. In addition, 63 proteins were triggered by the components in which the vitamin D receptor was targeted by the maximum phytoconstituents i.e. 16. The enrichment analysis identified the regulation of 67 pathways in which fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis-associated pathways (KEGG entry hsa05418) regulated ten genes. Further, protein kinase C-α was traced in 23 different pathways. In addition, the majority of the regulated genes were identified from the extracellular space via the modulation of 43 genes. Also, nuclear receptor activity had the maximum molecular function via the regulation of 7 genes. Likewise, the response to organic substance was predicted to trigger the top genes i.e. 43. In contrast, Stigmasterol, Baicalein-7-o-glucoside, and Kauran-16-ol were found to have a high affinity to bind with the VDR receptor confirmed by the molecular modelling and the dynamics. Hence, the study elucidated the probable molecular mechanisms of E. fluctuans in managing nephrolithiasis and identified the lead molecules, their targets, and possible pathways. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Additional file 2: of VARSCOT: variant-aware detection and scoring enables sensitive and personalized off-target detection for CRISPR-Cas9
Creators: name: Wilson, Laurence
name: Hetzel, Sara
name: Pockrandt, Christopher
name: Reinert, Knut
name: Bauer, Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Table S1. Feature list for predictive model of off-target activity. (DOCX 16 kb)
title: Richard Neutra: Latin American Connections
title: RICHARD NEUTRA: Latin American Connections
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Critelli, Fernanda
Publisher: name: Georgia Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Richard Neutra
Latin America
Design
Connections
Historiographical discourse

description: ConCave Ph.D. Symposium 2020: Divergence in Architectural Research, March 5-6, 2020, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
description: Current historiographical discourse on Richard Neutra’s designs and professional trajectory constantly repeat assessments that express the strangeness regarding some aspects of his works. With that in mind, and after identifying those aspects, the purpose of this paper is to present an analysis on Neutra’s designs from a different point of view: one that acknowledges his connections with Latin American architects and identifies in those strangeness the reflections of this relation. The first step was to understand the historical background, Neutra’s trip to South America and connections established there, and United States’ political situation of the time. After that, the systematic reading of the main studies/books on Neutra revealed a gap in the understanding of his works, or even a lack of a more focused analysis in some aspects of his designs. By changing the point of view and, also, by looking to those strange aspects with a closer attention, new interpretations can be made that consider Neutra’s trajectory in all its particularities, including the relationship established with Latin America. The result is a possibility for new discussions on the architect’s legacy and a contribution to the historiographical discourse.
Intonational Boundaries, Speech Repairs and Discourse Markers: Modeling Spoken Dialog
Creators: name: Heeman, Peter A.
name: Allen, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To understand a speaker's turn of a conversation, one needs to segment it into intonational phrases, clean up any speech repairs that might have occurred, and identify discourse markers. In this paper, we argue that these problems must be resolved together, and that they must be resolved early in the processing stream. We put forward a statistical language model that resolves these problems, does POS tagging, and can be used as the language model of a speech recognizer. We find that by accounting for the interactions between these tasks that the performance on each task improves, as does POS tagging and perplexity.
description: 8 pages, 3 postscript figures
Additional file 1: of VARSCOT: variant-aware detection and scoring enables sensitive and personalized off-target detection for CRISPR-Cas9
Creators: name: Wilson, Laurence
name: Hetzel, Sara
name: Pockrandt, Christopher
name: Reinert, Knut
name: Bauer, Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Figure S1. Overview of the VARSCOT pipeline. Figure S2. Correlation of activity and mis-match number. Figure S3. Results of Feature Selection. Figure S4. Performance of the VARSCOT model. Figure S5. Distribution of detected and non-detected off-targets. (DOCX 440 kb)
An Investigation of Transformation-Based Learning in Discourse
Creators: name: Samuel, Ken
name: Carberry, Sandra
name: Vijay-Shanker, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents results from the first attempt to apply Transformation-Based Learning to a discourse-level Natural Language Processing task. To address two limitations of the standard algorithm, we developed a Monte Carlo version of Transformation-Based Learning to make the method tractable for a wider range of problems without degradation in accuracy, and we devised a committee method for assigning confidence measures to tags produced by Transformation-Based Learning. The paper describes these advances, presents experimental evidence that Transformation-Based Learning is as effective as alternative approaches (such as Decision Trees and N-Grams) for a discourse task called Dialogue Act Tagging, and argues that Transformation-Based Learning has desirable features that make it particularly appealing for the Dialogue Act Tagging task.
description: 9 pages, 3 Postscript figure, uses ml98.sty
Lifelong and Interactive Learning of Factual Knowledge in Dialogues
Creators: name: Mazumder, Sahisnu
name: Liu, Bing
name: Wang, Shuai
name: Ma, Nianzu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dialogue systems are increasingly using knowledge bases (KBs) storing real-world facts to help generate quality responses. However, as the KBs are inherently incomplete and remain fixed during conversation, it limits dialogue systems' ability to answer questions and to handle questions involving entities or relations that are not in the KB. In this paper, we make an attempt to propose an engine for Continuous and Interactive Learning of Knowledge (CILK) for dialogue systems to give them the ability to continuously and interactively learn and infer new knowledge during conversations. With more knowledge accumulated over time, they will be able to learn better and answer more questions. Our empirical evaluation shows that CILK is promising.
description: Published in SIGDIAL 2019
title: Siza, Koolhaas, and the Others: Notes on a Research into the Minutia of Architectural Experience
title: SIZA, KOOLHAAS, AND THE OTHERS: Notes on a Research into the Minutia of Architectural Experience
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: De Sá, Ana Luísa
Publisher: name: Georgia Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Álvaro Siza
Rem Koolhaas
Embodiment
Experience
Intention

description: ConCave Ph.D. Symposium 2020: Divergence in Architectural Research, March 5-6, 2020, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
description: Our research delves into the minutia of architectural experience, in a (neuro)phenomenal sense, from an architectural theory standpoint. Phenomenology of architecture and aesthetic theory offered sophisticated empirical definitions and descriptions of architectural experience for the better part of the 20th century. While the ineffable dimension of architectural experience is an inevitability, some of its previously inaccessible aspects are now coming to light, as new areas of inquiry tap into and unveil the complexity of our engagement with our surroundings—particularly through neurophenomenology and neuro-aesthetics. Thus, confirmations of previously theorized aspects and further revelations about experience and its components can now be extracted. It is our view that such confirmations and revelations are particularly interesting for architectural theory as an area of scientific inquiry. In our broader research, these are considered adjuvants in our looking for what we designate as evidence of experiential phenomena, and instrumental in further theorizing their underlying components in a way that is methodologically and hermeneutically coherent throughout. A retrospective reading of architectural theory and of architectural authorship and production is proposed in our research—a study of architectural experience in its artifacts. Through such artifacts, we seek to build an interpretive study of architects Álvaro Siza and Rem Koolhaas in their approach to architecture as a lengthy, complex, and meandering exercise, which culminates in a fully accomplished authorial work delivered to others, ultimately for their experience. Aspiring to a broader characterization of their authorial methods and resulting architectures, in their particular experiential qualities, we focus our attention on the specificities of two examples: Museu de Serralves (1991-1999) by Siza and Casa da Música (1999-2005) by Koolhaas/OMA. With this paper, we seek to contextualize some aspects of a larger research.
The number of guards needed by a museum: A phase transition in vertex covering of random graphs
Creators: name: Weigt, Martin
name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter we study the NP-complete vertex cover problem on finite connectivity random graphs. When the allowed size of the cover set is decreased, a discontinuous transition in solvability and typical-case complexity occurs. This transition is characterized by means of exact numerical simulations as well as by analytical replica calculations. The replica symmetric phase diagram is in excellent agreement with numerical findings up to average connectivity $e$, where replica symmetry becomes locally unstable.
description: 4 pages, 3 eps-figures, new version to be published in Phys. Rev. Let
title: Scattering of Spin Polarized Electrons from Heavy Atoms: Krypton and Rubidium
Creators: name: Went, Michael Ray
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: spin polarized electrons
subject: electron scattering
subject: krypton
subject: rubidium
subject: spin polarized electron energy spectrometer
subject: elastic Sherman function
subject: Dirac-Fock equations
subject: R-matrix technique

description: This thesis presents a set of measurements of spin asymmetries from the heavy atoms krypton and rubidium. These investigations allow examination of the spin orbit interaction for electron scattering from the target atoms. These measurements utilise spin polarized electrons in a crossed beam experiment to measure the Sherman function from krypton and the A2 parameter from the 52P state of rubidium. The measurements utilise a new spin polarized electron energy spectrometer which is designed to operate in the 20-200 eV range. The apparatus consists of a standard gallium arsenide polarized electron source, a 180 degrees hemispherical electron analyser to detect scattered electrons and a Mott detector to measure electron polarization. A series of measurements of the elastic Sherman function were performed on krypton at incident electron energies of 20, 50, 60, 65, 100, 150 and 200 eV. Scattered electrons are measured over an angular range of 30-130 degrees. These measurements are compared with calculations of the Sherman function which are obtained by solution of the Dirac-Fock equations. These calculations include potentials to account for dynamic polarization and loss of flux into inelastic channels. At the energies 50, 60 and 65 eV, experimental agreement with theory is seen to be extremely dependent on the theoretical model used. Measurement of the A2 parameter from the combined 52P1/2,3/2 state of rubidium are performed at an incident energy of 20 eV. The scattered electrons are measured over an angular range of 30-110 degrees. This measurement represents the first such measurement of this parameter for rubidium. Agreement with preliminary calculations performed using the R-matrix technique are good and are expected to improve with further theoretical development.
Transformation Products of Organic Contaminants and Residues—Overview of Current Simulation Methods
Creators: name: Kotthoff, Lisa
name: Keller, Julia
name: Lörchner, Dominique
name: Mekonnen, Tessema Fenta
name: Koch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: transformation product
subject: electrochemistry
subject: photochemistry
subject: Fenton’s reagent
subject: pesticides
subject: pharmaceuticals
subject: brominated flame retardants
subject: mycotoxins
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The formation of transformation products (TPs) from contaminants and residues is becoming an increasing focus of scientific community. All organic compounds can form different TPs, thus demonstrating the complexity and interdisciplinarity of this topic. The properties of TPs could stand in relation to the unchanged substance or be more harmful and persistent. To get important information about the generated TPs, methods are needed to simulate natural and manmade transformation processes. Current tools are based on metabolism studies, photochemical methods, electrochemical methods, and Fenton’s reagent. Finally, most transformation processes are based on redox reactions. This review aims to compare these methods for structurally different compounds. The groups of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, brominated flame retardants, and mycotoxins were selected as important residues/contaminants relating to their worldwide occurrence and impact to health, food, and environmental safety issues. Thus, there is an increasing need for investigation of transformation processes and identification of TPs by fast and reliable methods.
Danacea pagasaica Liberti 2009
Creators: name: Hájek, Jiří
name: Švihla, Vladimír
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Danacea
Danacea pagasaica

description: Danacea pagasaica Liberti, 2009
 Danacea pagasaica Liberti, 2009: 87, Figs. 55–56.
Two paratypes are deposited in NMPC (general collection – donated by G. Liberti):
 PARATYPE (J): ‘GR - Thessalia (Volos) / Pilion Oros / Hania, m 1200 / 31.VII.1981, Liberti [p] // PARATYPUS / Danacea / pagasaica Liberti / (Sept. 2008, Lib.) [p, red label] // Danacea / pagasaica Lib. [hw] / det. G. Liberti [p] III.09 [hw]’.
 PARATYPE (♀): ‘GR - Thessalia (Volos) / Pilion Oros / Hania, m 1200 / 31.VII.1981, Liberti [p] // PARATYPUS / Danacea / pagasaica Liberti / (Sept. 2008, Lib.) [p, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species.
description: Published as part of Hájek, Jiří & Švihla, Vladimír, 2012, Catalogue of the type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 603-654 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (2) on page 628, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5332821