cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Postpartum women’s perception of antenatal breastfeeding education: a descriptive survey
Creators: name: Tan, May Loong
name: Siew Cheng Foong
name: Ho, Jacqueline J.
name: Foong, Wai Cheng
name: Rokiah Mohd
name: Zuhaida Harun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table.
Measuring the black hole spin direction in 3D Cartesian numerical relativity simulations
Creators: name: Mewes, Vassilios
name: Font, José A.
name: Montero, Pedro J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the so-called flat-space rotational Killing vector method for measuring the Cartesian components of a black hole spin can be derived from the surface integral of Weinberg's pseudotensor over the apparent horizon surface when using Gaussian normal coordinates in the integration. Moreover, the integration of the pseudotensor in this gauge yields the Komar angular momentum integral in a foliation adapted to the axisymmetry of the spacetime. As a result, the method does not explicitly depend on the evolved lapse $α$ and shift $β^i$ on the respective timeslice, as they are fixed to Gaussian normal coordinates, while leaving the coordinate labels of the spatial metric $γ_{ij}$ and the extrinsic curvature $K_{ij}$ unchanged. Such gauge fixing endows the method with coordinate invariance, which is not present in integral expressions using Weinberg's pseudotensor, as they normally rely on the explicit use of Cartesian coordinates.
(3719) Phyllis Conder Batten
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the Importance of Field-of-View for Detection Rate in RF SETI
Creators: name: Houston, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract: A recent paper [1] developed a model for detection rate in radio SETI, defined as the expected number of ET detections per year of observation, and abbreviated “DPY”. The number of detections will be proportional to the number of stars within a “detection cone” with a height defined by the detection range (a function of sensitivity, source power, and averaging parameters) and an angular breadth defined by the receiver field-of-view (FOV). While improving detection range is often difficult, FOV expansion in arrays can usually be achieved by scaling computation, and is aided by Moore’s Law. Since FOV follows an inverse square of frequency, lower frequencies should be favored in general. In the paper, DPY was compared for a wide range of existing and proposed radio telescopes, with perhaps surprising results. Large single-pixel dishes have the worst DPY values, as high sensitivity cannot make up for limited FOV.
 It is important for SETI researchers to understand detection rate challenges in order to maximize their chances of success. In this talk, the detection rate model will be described. To aid understanding, a simple 2-D analog involving a lighthouse with a rotating observer will be introduced. Metrics for search quality, including a revised “Haystack Function”, will also be discussed.
 [1] K.M. Houston, A.P.V. Siemion, and S. Croft , “Strategies for Maximizing Detection Rate in Radio SETI”, The Astronomical Journal, 162:151, October 2021.
Learning methods for pedestrian detection under complex environments
Creators: name: Liu, Tianrui
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Pedestrian detection has always been a long-standing research direction in the field of computer vision. In view of the rich diversity of pedestrians in clothing, posture, and gesture of views, it is still one of the most attractive and challenging problems in computer vision. In this thesis, we investigate learning methods for pedestrian detection under complex environment, aiming at improving the performances of current pedestrian detection methods in the following three aspects: First, existing pedestrian detection algorithms mainly use low-level visual information such as image pixel intensities for feature extraction. However, we human beings also rely on high-level semantic prior knowledge to understand the scene. From this view, we propose methods that unify the convolutional features and semantic features, aiming at making use of the semantic information around a detection window to help distinguish difficult samples, thereby reducing the false positive rate. Second, many detection methods utilize the same feature extraction method for pedestrians of different sizes, for which the small pedestrians tend to have too low feature resolution to be correctly classified. We propose a multi-resolution Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) based feature extraction method that is aware of the pedestrian size and can adaptively extract multi-resolution features according to the size of the candidate region. The algorithm enhances the feature representation ability of various sizes, thereby improves the detection performance. Third, pedestrians in practical scenes are usually obscured by neighboring pedestrians or objects. Normally, a very low confidence score will be generated on these occluded areas, leading to missed detections. To solve this problem, we propose a coupled-network with an occlusion handling sub-network using a deformable model. The other sub-network can adaptively extract different convolutional representation for pedestrians of different sizes. In this way, we can systematically solve the problem of detecting small and occluded pedestrians.
Additional file 1 of Study protocol of comprehensive risk evaluation for anorexia nervosa in twins (CREAT): a study of discordant monozygotic twins with anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Seidel, Maria
name: Ehrlich, Stefan
name: Breithaupt, Lauren
name: Welch, Elisabeth
name: Wiklund, Camilla
name: Hübel, Christopher
name: Thornton, Laura M.
name: Savva, Androula
name: Fundin, Bengt T.
name: Pege, Jessica
name: Billger, Annelie
name: Afrouz Abbaspour
name: Schaefer, Martin
name: Boehm, Ilka
name: Zvrskovec, Johan
name: Rosager, Emilie Vangsgaard
name: Hasselbalch, Katharina Collin
name: Leppä, Virpi
name: Sjögren, Magnus
name: Nergårdh, Ricard
name: Feusner, Jamie D.
name: Ghaderi, Ata
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information about diagnostics and measured parameters in the study.
Additional file 2 of Persistent swallowing disorders after extubation in mechanically ventilated patients in ICU: a two-center prospective study
Creators: name: Beduneau, G.
name: V. Souday
name: J. C. Richard
name: J. F. Hamel
name: D. Carpentier
name: J. M. Chretien
name: P. Bouchetemble
name: L. Laccoureye
name: A. Astier
name: V. Tanguy
name: A. Mercat
name: F. Beloncle
name: F. Tamion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale for Muscle Strength.
(3721) Katherine Roubiliac Batten
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Negotiating Tensions on the Front Line: Circuits of Accountability and Self-governance in Institutional Care of Adults with Intellectual Disability
Creators: name: Bagtell, Nancy
name: Johnson, Khalilah Robinson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This article explores how circuits of accountability impact front-line service work in an intermediate
care facility for individuals with intellectual disability (ICF/IID). Institutional ethnography as a theory
and methodology guided the data collection and analysis processes. Participant observation and
interviews were completed, and text work was employed to make visible the ways staff enacted
what they believed to be their roles and responsibilities. Results indicated the service criteria
established by regulatory agencies were interpreted and executed in ways that negatively influenced
staff’s moral care to residents and restricted their ability to self-govern and utilize their experiential
knowledge. Additionally, the institution’s circuits of accountability reflected ideals of front-line
work that were inconsistent with staff’s perception of their responsibilities. These findings have
implications for management and implementation of direct care in ICFs/IID and underscore the
importance of aligning moral care and self-governance to front-line service work.
Percolating States in the Topological Anderson Insulator
Creators: name: Girschik, Adrian
name: Libisch, Florian
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the presence of percolating states in disordered two-dimensional topological insulators. In particular, we uncover a close connection between these states and the so-called topological Anderson insulator (TAI), which is a topologically non-trivial phase induced by the presence of disorder. The decay of this phase could previously be connected to a delocalization of bulk states with increasing disorder strength. In this work we identify this delocalization to be the result of a percolation transition of states that circumnavigate the hills of the bulk disorder potential.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
There's Black People In Milwaukee
Creators: name: Smith, Devon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description:  Theres Black People in Milwaukee is a multimedia project that declares an existence of a vibrant Black community with an extraordinarily rich and nuanced history. Overtime these histories have become silenced. Redlining practices, unequal education, and high incarceration rates have aided in the burial of a community's history. In his seminal text “Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History,” Michel-Rolph Trouillot writes, “silences enter the process of historical production at four crucial moments: the moment of fact creation (the making of sources); the moment of fact assembly (the making of archives); the moment of fact retrieval (the making of narratives); the moment of retrospective significance (the making of history in the final instance). There’s Black People in Milwaukee begins at the construction of an archive.
Explicit Frames for Deterministic Phase Retrieval via PhaseLift
Creators: name: Kech, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly give a frame of cardinality $5n-6$ such that every signal in $\mathbb{C}^n$ can be recovered up to a phase from its associated intensity measurements via the PhaseLift approach. Furthermore, we give explicit linear measurements with $4r(n-r)+n-2r$ outcomes that enable the recovery of every positive semidefinite $n\times n$ matrix of rank at most $r$.
description: Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis, 2016
Islamic Law And International Humanitarian Law.pdf
Creators: name: SADAT NASSERI, SAYED ARSALAN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Law, science and technology
Conflict of laws (incl. private international law)
Legal practice, lawyering and the legal profession
Law, gender and sexuality (incl. feminist legal scholarship)
Property law (excl. intellectual property law)
International trade and investment law
Administrative law
Public law not elsewhere classified

description: This article gives an overview of the principles regulating the use of force under the Islamic law of war in the four Sunni schools of Islamic law. By way of introducing the topic, it briefly discusses the origins, sources and characteristics of the Islamic law of war. The discussion reveals the degree of compatibility between these Islamic principles and the modern principles of international humanitarian law, and offers insights into how these Islamic principles can help in limiting the devastation and suffering caused by contemporary armed conflicts in Muslim contexts, particularly those conflicts in which Islamic law is invoked as the source of reference.
Statistical translation invariance protects a topological insulator from interactions
Creators: name: Milsted, A.
name: Seabra, L.
name: Fulga, I. C.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Cobanera, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of interactions on the stability of a disordered, two-dimensional topological insulator realized as an array of nanowires or chains of magnetic atoms on a superconducting substrate. The Majorana zero-energy modes present at the ends of the wires overlap, forming a dispersive edge mode with thermal conductance determined by the central charge $c$ of the low-energy effective field theory of the edge. We show numerically that, in the presence of disorder, the $c=1/2$ Majorana edge mode remains delocalized up to extremely strong attractive interactions, while repulsive interactions drive a transition to a $c=3/2$ edge phase localized by disorder. The absence of localization for strong attractive interactions is explained by a self-duality symmetry of the statistical ensemble of disorder configurations and of the edge interactions, originating from translation invariance on the length scale of the underlying mesoscopic array.
description: 5+2 pages, 8 figures
(3723) Kate Dark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dirac equation and the Melvin Metric
Creators: name: Santos, Luis C. Nunes dos
name: Barros, Celso C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic wave equation for spin 1/2 particles in the Melvin space-time, a space-time where the metric is determined by a magnectic field, is obtained. The effects of very intense magnetic fields in the energy levels, as intense as the ones expected to be produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, are investigated.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Optimal dietary lipid requirement of hybrid lemon fin barb (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀× Hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂) larvae
Creators: name: Weerasingha, Rochana
name: Kamarudin, Mohd Salleh
name: Karim, Murni Marlina Abd
name: Ismail, Mohammad Fadhil Syukri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Hybrid lemon fin barb is a crossed product between silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) and lemon fin barb (Hypsibarbus wetmorei). In the present study, the optimum dietary lipid requirement of larval hybrid lemon fin barb was examined using a total of 90 hybrid larvae (L) of 3-day-old (0.36 ± 0.01 mg). The larvae were stocked in triplicated 90 L tanks and fed with micro diets containing 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16% (FO 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16) dietary lipid levels for 20 days. While hybrid larvae fed non-lipid diet showed lowered survival and growth, larvae fed FO12 diet increased (p < .05) in weight gain, total length gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio after 20 days. Hybrid larvae’s whole-body lipid content was increased with increasing dietary lipid level. Hybrid larvae consisted of significantly improved (p < .05) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and n-3 fatty acid contents at 12% dietary lipid. Excessive dietary lipids resulted in lipid droplets in enterocytes and swollen hepatocytes. The hybrid larvae fed non-lipid diet had shrunken hepatocytes. In conclusion, the optimum dietary lipid requirement for hybrid lemon fin barb larvae in terms of maximum growth is determined at 13.5% dietary fish oil by second-order polynomial analysis.
(3718) Sarah Ellen Rushworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Racialization of Arabs in Political Discourse: The Case of Yemen
Creators: name: Tannous, Katherine Alissar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Why do we accept violence against certain populations? How can the world stand by as the world’s worst humanitarian crisis is actively perpetuated? In this paper, I argue that there exists a global, racial, social, political hierarchy that prioritizes and protects lives in the Global North while perpetuating and disregarding the violence and injustice suffered by those beneath. This hierarchy is sustained through a racialized discourse which gives grounds for the mistreatment of certain populations on the basis that they are less than the Westerner. This paper is specifically interested in the imagery portrayed of Arabs. Using the humanitarian crisis in Yemen as a case study, this paper investigates the historical and contemporary international intervention in the country as well as the historic and contemporary discourse on the region. I find that there exists a narrative that depicts this population as threatening, violent, and savage; producing an identity and image that contrasts immensely with the civilized Westerner. Furthermore, this discourse, created through orientalist literature and furthered by contemporary representations of Arabs, actively others and dehumanizes this population. This othering and the dehumanization justify violence in the Middle East and against Arabs; making Western barbarity appear socially acceptable, even necessary at times. Additionally, by considering these processes, the war in Yemen is far from a civil war, but rather it is a war for regional domination and maintenance of the influence of the same global actors who have been controlling Yemen for decades. The focus is on the benefits for the West rather than on the effect of the violence on the people who are treated as simply collateral. These are continuations of the colonial processes that have disadvantaged countries in the Global South for centuries. The deaths in Yemen are murders and many observers have called this conflict a genocide.
Cognitive phenotype and differential gene expression in a hippocampal homologue in two species of frog
Creators: name:  Burmeister, S.S.
name:  Summers, K.
name: Liu, Y.
name:  Jones, C.D.
name:  Day, L.B.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: The complexity of an animal's interaction with its physical and/or social environment is thought to be associated with behavioral flexibility and cognitive phenotype, though we know little about this relationship in amphibians. We examined differences in cognitive phenotype in two species of frog with divergent natural histories. The greenand- black poison frog (Dendrobates auratus) is diurnal, displays enduring social interactions, and uses spatially distributed resources during parental care. Tungara frogs (Physalaemus=Engystomops pustulosus) are nocturnal, express only fleeting social interactions, and use ephemeral puddles to breed in a lek-type mating system. Comparing performance in identical discrimination tasks, we find that D. auratus made fewer errors when learning and displayed greater behavioral flexibility in reversal learning tasks than tungara frogs. Further, tungara frogs preferred to learn beacons that can be used in direct guidance whereas D. auratus preferred position cues that could be used to spatially orient relative to the goal. Behavioral flexibility and spatial cognition are associated with hippocampal function in mammals. Accordingly, we examined differential gene expression in the medial pallium, the amphibian homolog of the hippocampus. Our preliminary data indicate that genes related to learning and memory, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis were upregulated in D. auratus, while genes related to apoptosis were upregulated in tungara frogs, suggesting that these cellular processes could contribute to the differences in behavioral flexibility and spatial learning we observed between poison frogs and tungara frogs.
(3720) Helen Muriel Conder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Persistent swallowing disorders after extubation in mechanically ventilated patients in ICU: a two-center prospective study
Creators: name: Beduneau, G.
name: V. Souday
name: J. C. Richard
name: J. F. Hamel
name: D. Carpentier
name: J. M. Chretien
name: P. Bouchetemble
name: L. Laccoureye
name: A. Astier
name: V. Tanguy
name: A. Mercat
name: F. Beloncle
name: F. Tamion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Clinical evaluation and swallowing test.
Occupational Therapy–Related Assessments for Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Blaskowitz, Meghan G.
name: Mahoney, Wanda J.
name: Johnson, Khalilah R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Importance: Occupational therapy practitioners use structured assessment tools to gather information from adults with intellectual
disability (ID) in order to develop the occupational profile, guide occupational therapy intervention, and assess change over time.
Objective: To identify occupational therapy–related tools in the peer-reviewed literature for use in practice with adults with ID.
Data Sources: Peer-reviewed literature published between January 2002 and January 2018 included in CINAHL, PsycINFO,
PubMed, and Scopus.
Study Selection and Data Collection: The review included articles that had information on occupational therapy–related
assessment with adults 18 yr or older who had primary or co-occurring ID.
Findings: Fifty-eight articles identified 73 occupational therapy–related assessment tools.
Conclusions and Relevance: This scoping review identified a broad range of assessment tools in the occupational therapy
domain that are appropriate for adults with ID, some of which may be unfamiliar to occupational therapy practitioners.
What This Article Adds: This scoping review provides occupational therapy practitioners with a summary of occupational
therapy–related assessment tools for adults with ID and an assessment reference guide.
Evidence to inform occupational therapy intervention with adults with intellectual disability: A scoping review
Creators: name: Bergfelt, Theodore
name: Mahoney, Wanda J.
name: Johnson, Khalilah R.
name: Blaskowitz, Meghan G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Importance: Occupational therapy practitioners use a range of habilitative and compensatory approaches to teach new skills or modify tasks and environments to address occupational performance among adults with intellectual disability (ID); therefore, they must identify and use available evidence to guide intervention planning. Objective: To summarize the scope of evidence that can inform occupational therapy intervention with adults with primary or comorbid ID. Data Sources: Articles published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2002 and January 2018 and indexed in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Study Selection and Data Collection: A total of 159 articles met inclusion criteria and contained information on occupational therapy intervention with adults ages 18 yr or older with primary or coexisting ID. Findings: Fifty-seven of the 159 articles focused on intervention to address occupational performance outcomes (i.e., employment, self-care, leisure and social interaction, community participation). Conclusions and Relevance: A wide range of literature is available to support occupational therapy intervention with adults with ID. Occupational therapy practitioners may be less knowledgeable about this evidence because much of it is located in non-occupational therapy or international journals.
A critical evaluation of the statistical methods used in heroin comparison
Creators: name: Ratshonka, Same
Publisher: name: Anglia Ruskin Research Online (ARRO)
Year: 2024

description: Most powder samples collected from crime scenes or from the streets are illicit drugs such as heroin, which are difficult to identify visually. The technique of using gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) along with a range of chemometric methods to identify, quantify, and compare trace compounds in heroin samples seizure was studied. Following GC-MS analysis (n=25) of street samples of heroin seized by Cambridgeshire Constabulary, assumptions related to the validity of the statistical methods were tested and applied to profiling the heroin samples. Even though much work has been done on heroin profiling, evaluating the validity of statistical analyses applied to heroin to link samples by chemical profiling has not been reported.GC-MS confirmatory test became necessary following the low reliability of presumptive colour tests based on Mandelin and Marquis Reagents. The underlying assumptions for the following chemometric methods: parametric methods such as normality test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC), t-test (Test statistic) and Euclidean and Manhattan distance methods, unsupervised techniques (principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and K-means clustering, and supervised techniques (LDA and PSL-DA) were tested.The results on tests for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk (S-W) test show that the concentration of Papaverine (PAP), Caffeine and Diamorphine (DAM) in the first batch of heroin samples are normally distributed whilst Acetylcodeine (AC) in second batch only DAM was normally distributed, others fail the normality test. As the underlying assumption for normal distribution is not satisfied for some drugs the Euclidean, Manhattan distance methods and Square Cosine Function cannot be applied for the pairs. In PCC, the component pairs are as follows: DAM/PAP (0.895), AC/PAP (0.845), AC/DAM (0.946), Caffeine/PAP (-0.095), Caffeine/DAM (-0.415), and Caffeine/AC (-0.427), while the significance of the correlation based on t-test follows the order AC/DAM > DAM/PAP > AC/PAP.The lack of correlation for some pairs is due to deviation from normal distribution as confirmed by S-W test with a p-value less than critical value of 0.05. Due to outliers the heroin samples used in this research do not meet the assumptions surrounding distance methods application. Thus, the underlying assumptions make PCA and HCA appropriate.
Image Segmentation and Restoration Using Parametric Contours With Free Endpoints
Creators: name: Benninghoff, Heike
name: Garcke, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for active contours with free endpoints. A scheme is presented for image segmentation and restoration based on a discrete version of the Mumford-Shah functional where the contours can be both closed and open curves. Additional to a flow of the curves in normal direction, evolution laws for the tangential flow of the endpoints are derived. Using a parametric approach to describe the evolving contours together with an edge-preserving denoising, we obtain a fast method for image segmentation and restoration. The analytical and numerical schemes are presented followed by numerical experiments with artificial test images and with a real medical image.
Topologically protected surface states in a centrosymmetric superconductor beta-PdBi2
Creators: name: Sakano, M.
name: Okawa, K.
name: Kanou, M.
name: Sanjo, H.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Sasagawa, T.
name: Ishizaka, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological aspects of electrons in solids emerge in realistic matters as represented by topological insulators. They are expected to show a variety of new magneto-electric phenomena, and especially the ones hosting superconductivity are strongly desired as the candidate for topological superconductors (TSC). Possible TSC materials have been mostly developed by introducing carriers into topological insulators, nevertheless, those exhibiting indisputable superconductivity free from inhomogeneity are very few. Here we report on the observation of topologically-protected surface states in a centrosymmetric layered superconductor, beta-PdBi2, by utilizing spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Besides the bulk bands, several surface bands, some of which crossing the Fermi level, are clearly observed with symmetrically allowed in-plane spin-polarizations. These surface states are precisely evaluated to be topological, based on the Z2 invariant analysis in analogy to 3-dimensional strong topological insulators. beta-PdBi2 may offer a TSC realized without any carrier-doping or applying pressure, i.e. a solid stage to investigate the topological aspect in the superconducting condensate.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Summary Report: 2007 National Resources Inventory
Creators: name: Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA
name: Statistics, Center For Survey
name: Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA
name: Statistics, Center For Survey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: This report presents summary results from the 2007 National Resources Inventory (NRI). The 2007 NRI is the latest in a series of natural resource inventories conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). It provides updated information on the status, condition, and trends of land, soil, water, and related resources on the Nation’s non-Federal lands. Non-Federal lands include privately owned lands, tribal and trust lands, and lands controlled by State and local governments. This report presents national- and state-level estimates from the 2007 NRI for the 48 conterminous states for basic NRI data themes, including changes and trends in land cover/use, irrigation, land capability class and subclass, prime farmland, soil erosion, and wetlands.
description: The Rural Development Act of 1972 directed the Secretary of Agriculture to implement a land inventory and monitoring program and to issue a report on the conditions and trends of soil, water, and related resources at intervals not exceeding 5 years. The Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act (RCA) of 1977 and other supporting legislation augmented the statutory mandate for periodic assessment of the Nation’s natural resources.
Resolutions of General Canonical Curves on Rational Normal Scrolls
Creators: name: Bopp, Christian
name: Hoff, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02, 14Q05, 14H51

description: Let $C\subset \mathbb{P}^{g-1}$ be a general curve of genus $g$ and let $k$ be a positive integer such that the Brill-Noether number $ρ(g,k,1)\geq 0$ and $g > k+1$. The aim of this short note is to study the relative canonical resolution of $C$ on a rational normal scroll swept out by a $g^1_k=|L|$ with $L\in W^1_k(C)$ general. We show that the bundle of quadrics appearing in the relative canonical resolution is unbalanced if and only if $ρ>0$ and $(k-ρ-\frac{7}{2})^2-2k+\frac{23}{4}>0$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Validity of the older people quality of life-7 domains (OQoL-7) scale
Creators: name: Henchoz, Yves
name: Büla, Christophe
name: Guessous, Idris
name: Goy, René
name: Dupuis, Marc
name: Santos-Eggimann, Brigitte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Method 1. OQoL-7 scale. Supplementary Method 2. OQoL-7 scale (French version). Supplementary Table S1. QoL and health characteristics of the 2011 and 2016 samples. Supplementary Table S2. Quality of the OQoL-7 data. Supplementary Table S3. Quality of the 28 items from the OQoL-7. Supplementary Table S4. Construct validity: QoL domain subscores in the presence or absence of two stressful events (last 12 months, sample 2016). Supplementary Table S5. Construct validity: Effect size (Cohen’s d) of the difference in QoL domain subscores in the presence or absence of twenty stressful events (last 12 months, sample 2011). Supplementary Table S6. Construct validity: Effect size (Cohen’s d) of the difference in QoL domain subscores in the presence or absence of twenty stressful events (last 12 months, sample 2016). Supplementary Table S7. Construct validity: correlations between QoL items and domains (sample 2011). Supplementary Table S8. Construct validity: correlations between QoL items and domains (sample 2016).
(3715) Lenora Greenwood
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Functions of self-adjoint operators in ideals of compact operators
Creators: name: Sobolev, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47G30, 47B15, Secondary 45M05, 35S05, 47B10, 47B35

description: For self-adjoint operators $A, B$, a bounded operator $J$, and a function $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb C$ we obtain bounds in quasi-normed ideals of compact operators for the difference $f(A)J-Jf(B)$ in terms of the operator $AJ-JB$. The focus is on functions $f$ that are smooth everywhere except for finitely many points. A typical example is the function $f(t) = |t|^γ$ with $γ\in (0, 1)$. The obtained results are applied to derive a two-term quasi-classical asymptotic formula for the trace $tr f(S)$ with $S$ being a Wiener-Hopf operator with a discontinuous symbol.
description: 23 pages
Sample-optimal tomography of quantum states
Creators: name: Haah, Jeongwan
name: Harrow, Aram W.
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Wu, Xiaodi
name: Yu, Nengkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is a fundamental problem to decide how many copies of an unknown mixed quantum state are necessary and sufficient to determine the state. Previously, it was known only that estimating states to error $ε$ in trace distance required $O(dr^2/ε^2)$ copies for a $d$-dimensional density matrix of rank $r$. Here, we give a theoretical measurement scheme (POVM) that requires $O (dr/ δ) \ln (d/δ) $ copies of $ρ$ to error $δ$ in infidelity, and a matching lower bound up to logarithmic factors. This implies $O( (dr / ε^2) \ln (d/ε) )$ copies suffice to achieve error $ε$ in trace distance. We also prove that for independent (product) measurements, $Ω(dr^2/δ^2) / \ln(1/δ)$ copies are necessary in order to achieve error $δ$ in infidelity. For fixed $d$, our measurement can be implemented on a quantum computer in time polynomial in $n$.
description: revtex, 16 pages, 3 figures. (v1) in STOC 2016, 913-925. (v2) improved lower bound for independent measurements
(3717) Elizabeth Whiteley Dennison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dysregulated Immunity in Pulmonary Hypertension: From Companion to Composer
Creators: name: Funk-Hilsdorf, Teresa C.
name: Behrens, Felix
name: Grune, Jana
name: Simmons, Szandor
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: pulmonary hypertension
subject: autoimmunity
subject: inflammation
subject: innate and adaptive immune cells
subject: S1P
subject: complement
subject: cytokines
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) represents a grave condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, emphasizing a desperate need for innovative and targeted therapeutic strategies. Cumulative evidence suggests that inflammation and dysregulated immunity interdependently affect maladaptive organ perfusion and congestion as hemodynamic hallmarks of the pathophysiology of PH. The role of altered cellular and humoral immunity in PH gains increasing attention, especially in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), revealing novel mechanistic insights into the underlying immunopathology. Whether these immunophysiological aspects display a universal character and also hold true for other types of PH (e.g., PH associated with left heart disease, PH-LHD), or whether there are unique immunological signatures depending on the underlying cause of disease are points of consideration and discussion. Inflammatory mediators and cellular immune circuits connect the local inflammatory landscape in the lung and heart through inter-organ communication, involving, e.g., the complement system, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), cytokines and subsets of, e.g., monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and T- and B-lymphocytes with distinct and organ-specific pro- and anti-inflammatory functions in homeostasis and disease. Perivascular macrophage expansion and monocyte recruitment have been proposed as key pathogenic drivers of vascular remodeling, the principal pathological mechanism in PAH, pinpointing toward future directions of anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies. Moreover, different B- and T-effector cells as well as DCs may play an important role in the pathophysiology of PH as an imbalance of T-helper-17-cells (T(H)17) activated by monocyte-derived DCs, a potentially protective role of regulatory T-cells (T-reg) and autoantibody-producing plasma cells occur in diverse PH animal models and human PH. This article highlights novel aspects of the innate and adaptive immunity and their interaction as disease mediators of PH and its specific subtypes, noticeable inflammatory mediators and summarizes therapeutic targets and strategies arising thereby.
(3712) Mary Gough
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.