cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of self and other in United States-China business negotiations
Creators: name: Finch, Mary Elizabeth
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This study examines the perceptions held by Chinese negotiators living in the United States of Chinese and American negotiating styles. Numerous books have been written regarding American perceptions of negotiations with the Chinese, but little data is available regarding Chinese perceptions of these negotiations. No previous study has examined the experience of overseas Chinese negotiators living in the U.S. A survey was distributed over the internet to experienced Chinese negotiators living in the U.S. Thirteen responded, with half reporting that they use the win-win business negotiation approach and half reporting a win-lose negotiation approach. Further research is needed to determine under what conditions these approaches are used. In the second part of the survey the negotiation literature was largely replicated, with Chinese respondents reporting the same characteristics of American and Chinese negotiating styles as found by Western authors. In the third part of the survey, the majority of subjects who lived in the United States for two years or fewer reported using American negotiating style when negotiating with Americans, while the majority of subjects who lived in the U.S. for more than two years reported using a combination of Chinese and American negotiating styles. The majority of respondents used either Chinese or a combination of Chinese and American negotiating styles when negotiating with fellow Chinese in the U.S. Cross-cultural theory predicts that negotiating style is not changeable, and that respondents should use Chinese negotiating style. The reported use of American negotiating style was unexpected, and may indicate initial reactions to culture shock which are then mitigated by time. Overseas Chinese negotiators need to be interviewed extensively to determine under what circumstances they use a particular negotiating style, and their self-reported style preferences should be tested for accuracy through simulations or observation of actual negotiations.
Operational indistinguishably of varying speed of light theories
Creators: name: Jafari, Nosratollah
name: Shariati, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The varying speed of light theories have been recently proposed to solve the standard model problems and anomalies in the ultra high energy cosmic rays. These theories try to formulate a new relativity with no assumptions about the constancy of the light speed. In this regard, we study two theories and want to show that these theories are not the new theories of relativity, but only re-descriptions of Einstein's special relativity.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, title changed, minor changes in notations and formulae, a paragraph added, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (in press) v3
Exclusion of ALP Cogenesis Dark Matter in a Mass Window Above 100 $μ$eV
Creators: name: Quiskamp, Aaron
name: McAllister, Ben T.
name: Altin, Paul
name: Ivanov, Eugene N.
name: Goryachev, Maxim
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of Phase 1b of The ORGAN Experiment, a microwave cavity haloscope searching for dark matter axions in the $107.42-111.93~μ$eV mass range. The search excludes axions with two-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}\geq 4\times 10^{-12}\, \textrm{GeV}^{-1}$ with $95\%$ confidence interval, setting the best upper bound to date and with the required sensitivity to exclude the axion-like particle cogenesis model for dark matter in this range. This result was achieved using a tunable rectangular cavity, which mitigated several practical issues that become apparent when conducting high mass axion searches, and was the first such axion search to be conducted with such a cavity. It also represents the most sensitive axion haloscope experiment to date in the $\sim100~μ$eV mass region.
4,4′-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate modulates voltage-gated K+ current and influences cell cycle arrest in androgen sensitive and insensitive human prostate cancer cell lines
Creators: name: George, Kiran
name: Thomas, Nisha Susan
name: Malathi, Raman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: The stilbene derivative, 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS), an anion channel blocker is used in the present study to evaluate its modulatory effect on voltage-gated K+ current (IK) in human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3). Voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels in the plasma membrane are critically involved in the proliferation of tumor cells. Therefore, KV channels are considered as a novel potential target for cancer treatment. The results of the present study show that the external perfusion of DIDS activates IK in a concentration-dependent manner, although the known K+ channel blocker TEA failed to block the DIDS activated IK in PC-3 cells. Whereas, in LNCaP cells, the higher concentration of DIDS blocked IK, though this effect was not completely recovered after washout. The difference in function of DIDS might be due to the expression of different Kv channel isoforms in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Further, the anticancer studies show that treatment of DIDS significantly induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and induced moderate and low level of cell death in LNCaP and PC-3 cells respectively. This finding reveals that DIDS modulates IK and exerts cell cycle arrest and cell death in LNCaP and PC-3 cells.
Theory and practice of track -two diplomacy: Impact and dynamics of the Search for Common Ground in the Middle East initiative
Creators: name: Funk, Nathan Chesley
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research explores the experience of the Search for Common Ground in the Middle East (SCGME) initiative, a major effort in track-two diplomacy with particular relevance to the Arab-Israeli conflict. This multi-faceted, nongovernmental initiative is found to have a humanizing impact upon its more active participants, and to have made modest contributions to their empowerment for work related to conflict resolution at societal as well as interstate levels. These generally positive results suggest that sustained, nonofficial dialogue can complement official peacemaking efforts in significant ways, provided a conducive, non-escalatory political environment and careful effort to establish additional conditions for the desired impacts: involvement of interested and committed participants, facilitation of consistent and adaptive processes, and the cultivation of cultural empathy among members of opposed communal groups. As an example of an "integrative approach" to track-two diplomacy, the SCGME case provides potential lessons that merit further inquiry by researchers and practitioners. First, while the vicissitudes of a political environment can easily affect the dynamics and reduce the impact of a sustained track-two initiative, the SCGME experience attests that, provided adequate support and a degree of prior momentum, it is possible for interventions to survive reversals in official peace processes and continue to make modest contributions to peacebuilding efforts. Second, because the degree of success achieved by various working groups within SCGME often reflected differential levels of participant interest and commitment, careful attention should be given to participant selection and/or screening processes for activities that are intended to create group cohesion and have some catalytic function. Third, whereas the most humanizing and empowering impacts of SCGME appear closely related to consistency of effort, adequate funding of track-two activities is probably essential if they are to adapt to changing interests and circumstances and acquire momentum and vitality. Fourth, because limitations of humanizing and empowering impacts often implicated incomplete development of realistic cultural empathy among participants from estranged communities, protagonists and students of track-two diplomacy should carefully consider to the role of theory and facilitation methodology in interventions intended to generate new understandings and options in the midst of intercommunal conflict.
An energy-based model approach to rare event probability estimation
Creators: name: Friedli, Lea
name: Ginsbourger, David
name: Doucet, Arnaud
name: Linde, Niklas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The estimation of rare event probabilities plays a pivotal role in diverse fields. Our aim is to determine the probability of a hazard or system failure occurring when a quantity of interest exceeds a critical value. In our approach, the distribution of the quantity of interest is represented by an energy density, characterized by a free energy function. To efficiently estimate the free energy, a bias potential is introduced. Using concepts from energy-based models (EBM), this bias potential is optimized such that the corresponding probability density function approximates a pre-defined distribution targeting the failure region of interest. Given the optimal bias potential, the free energy function and the rare event probability of interest can be determined. The approach is applicable not just in traditional rare event settings where the variable upon which the quantity of interest relies has a known distribution, but also in inversion settings where the variable follows a posterior distribution. By combining the EBM approach with a Stein discrepancy-based stopping criterion, we aim for a balanced accuracy-efficiency trade-off. Furthermore, we explore both parametric and non-parametric approaches for the bias potential, with the latter eliminating the need for choosing a particular parameterization, but depending strongly on the accuracy of the kernel density estimate used in the optimization process. Through three illustrative test cases encompassing both traditional and inversion settings, we show that the proposed EBM approach, when properly configured, (i) allows stable and efficient estimation of rare event probabilities and (ii) compares favorably against subset sampling approaches.
Stability, effective dimensions, and interactions for bosons in deformed fields
Creators: name: Sørensen, O.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hyperspherical adiabatic method is used to derive stability criteria for Bose-Einstein condensates in deformed external fields. An analytical approximation is obtained. For constant volume the highest stability is found for spherical traps. Analytical approximations to the stability criterion with and without zero point motion are derived. Extreme geometries of the field effectively confine the system to dimensions lower than three. As a function of deformation we compute the dimension to vary continuously between one and three. We derive a dimension-dependent effective radial Hamiltonian and investigate one choice of an effective interaction in the deformed case.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A. In version 2 figures 2 and 5 are added along with more discussions and explanations. Version 3 contains added comments and references
Asymptotically flat vacuum initial data sets from a modified parabolic-hyperbolic formulation of the Einstein vacuum constraint equations
Creators: name: Beyer, Florian
name: Frauendiener, Jörg
name: Ritchie, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we continue earlier investigations of evolutionary formulations of the Einstein vacuum constraint equations originally introduced by Rácz. Motivated by the strong evidence from these works that the resulting vacuum initial data sets are generically not asymptotically flat we analyse the asymptotics of the solutions of a modified formulation by a combination of analytical and numerical techniques. We conclude that the vacuum initial data sets generated with this new formulation are generically asymptotically flat.
description: 30 pages. 8 figures. Matches the published version
Additional file 1 of Retrospective non-target analysis to support regulatory water monitoring: from masses of interest to recommendations via in silico workflows
Creators: name: Lai, Adelene
name: Singh, Randolph R.
name: Lubomira Kovalova
name: Jaeggi, Oliver
name: Kondić, Todor
name: Schymanski, Emma L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. enviMass Parameters used for Orbitrap measurements in this study. Figure S1. Screenshot of the MSConvert (v.3.0.19182-51f676fbe) Graphical User Interface showing settings used to convert the .RAW mass spectrometry data to .mzML format. Table S2. List of 22 m/z which had been prioritised by enviMass and passed Quality Control to qualify for MetFrag identification. Table S3. m/z 216.0930. Table S4. m/z 177.1126. Table S5. m/z 212.0889. Table S6. m/z 173.1649. Table S7. m/z 301.1396. Table S8. m/z 218.1040. Table S9. m/z 176.0707. Table S10. m/z 193.0721Table S10: m/z 193.0721. Table S11. m/z 249.1848. Table S12. m/z 184.0427. Table S13. m/z 171.1492. Table S14. m/z 199.1190. Table S15. m/z 185.1033. Table S16. m/z 251.1491. Table S17. m/z 211.0285. Table S18. m/z 546.2622. Table S19: Candidate Recommendations for all 22 m/z.
Theory and practice of track -two diplomacy: Impact and dynamics of the Search for Common Ground in the Middle East initiative
Creators: name: Funk, Nathan Chesley
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This research explores the experience of the Search for Common Ground in the Middle East (SCGME) initiative, a major effort in track-two diplomacy with particular relevance to the Arab-Israeli conflict. This multi-faceted, nongovernmental initiative is found to have a humanizing impact upon its more active participants, and to have made modest contributions to their empowerment for work related to conflict resolution at societal as well as interstate levels. These generally positive results suggest that sustained, nonofficial dialogue can complement official peacemaking efforts in significant ways, provided a conducive, non-escalatory political environment and careful effort to establish additional conditions for the desired impacts: involvement of interested and committed participants, facilitation of consistent and adaptive processes, and the cultivation of cultural empathy among members of opposed communal groups. As an example of an "integrative approach" to track-two diplomacy, the SCGME case provides potential lessons that merit further inquiry by researchers and practitioners. First, while the vicissitudes of a political environment can easily affect the dynamics and reduce the impact of a sustained track-two initiative, the SCGME experience attests that, provided adequate support and a degree of prior momentum, it is possible for interventions to survive reversals in official peace processes and continue to make modest contributions to peacebuilding efforts. Second, because the degree of success achieved by various working groups within SCGME often reflected differential levels of participant interest and commitment, careful attention should be given to participant selection and/or screening processes for activities that are intended to create group cohesion and have some catalytic function. Third, whereas the most humanizing and empowering impacts of SCGME appear closely related to consistency of effort, adequate funding of track-two activities is probably essential if they are to adapt to changing interests and circumstances and acquire momentum and vitality. Fourth, because limitations of humanizing and empowering impacts often implicated incomplete development of realistic cultural empathy among participants from estranged communities, protagonists and students of track-two diplomacy should carefully consider to the role of theory and facilitation methodology in interventions intended to generate new understandings and options in the midst of intercommunal conflict.
Predicting spatial hotspot regions
Creators: name: Geyer, Susan Popowitz
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The identification of spatially extreme observations or "hotspots" figures prominently in the application of various forms of statistical analyses. Such analyses do not necessarily capture all suspect or interesting observations. A spatial modeling approach can incorporate possible dependencies in the data. However, in realistic scenarios, a single spatial hotspot is difficult to pin down as it influences or contaminates the surrounding values, thereby obscuring the extreme nature of a particular site. Therefore, we focus on the identification of extreme regions, or areas that are extremely high or low in value. We use several modeling techniques to estimate the placement and size of an extreme region, including a non-spatial model as well as four spatial modeling techniques. An application using dissolved oxygen levels in the Chesapeake Bay demonstrates this approach, and we compare these models using inferential and diagnostic measures.
Additional file 7 of The Alzheimer susceptibility gene BIN1 induces isoform-dependent neurotoxicity through early endosome defects
Creators: name: Lambert, Erwan
name: Saha, Orthis
name: Soares Landeira, Bruna
name: Melo de Farias, Ana Raquel
name: Hermant, Xavier
name: Carrier, Arnaud
name: Pelletier, Alexandre
name: Gadaut, Johanna
name: Davoine, Lindsay
name: Dupont, Cloé
name: Amouyel, Philippe
name: Bonnefond, Amélie
name: Lafont, Frank
name: Abdelfettah, Farida
name: Verstreken, Patrik
name: Chapuis, Julien
name: Barois, Nicolas
name: Delahaye, Fabien
name: Dermaut, Bart
name: Lambert, Jean-Charles
name: Costa, Marcos R.
name: Dourlen, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Figure S6. Effect of Rab4 modulation on BIN1iso1 neurotoxicity in Drosophila photoreceptor neurons.
Hierarchical build-up of galactic bulges and the merging rate of supermassive binary black holes
Creators: name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hierarchical build-up of galactic bulges should lead to the build-up of present-day supermassive black holes by a mixture of gas accretion and merging of supermassive black holes. The tight relation between black hole mass and stellar velocity dispersion is thereby a strong argument that the supermassive black holes in merging galactic bulges do indeed merge. Otherwise the ejection of supermassive black holes by gravitational slingshot would lead to excessive scatter in this relation. At high redshift the coalescence of massive black hole binaries is likely to be driven by the accretion of gas in the major mergers signposted by optically bright QSO activity. If massive black holes only form efficiently by direct collapse of gas in deep galactic potential wells with v_c > 100 km/s as postulated in the model of Kauffmann & Haehnelt (2000) LISA expects to see event rates from the merging of massive binary black holes of about 0.1-1 yr^{-1} spread over the redshift range 0 < z < 5. If, however, the hierarchical build-up of supermassive black holes extends to pre-galactic structures with significantly shallower potential wells event rates may be as high as 10-100 yr^{-1} and will be dominated by events from redshift z > 5.
description: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures. Proceedings of the 4th International LISA Symposium, Penn State University, 19-24 July 2002, ed. L S Finn
Lyman-$α$ Polarization Intensity Mapping
Creators: name: Mas-Ribas, Lluís
name: Chang, Tzu-Ching
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism that incorporates hydrogen Lyman-alpha (Ly$α$) polarization arising from the scattering of radiation in galaxy halos into the intensity mapping approach. Using the halo model, and emission profiles based on simulations and observations, we calculate auto and cross power spectra at redshifts $3\leq z \leq13$ for the Ly$α$ total intensity, $I$, polarized intensity, $P$, degree of polarization, $Π=P/I$, and two new quantities, the astrophysical $E$ and $B$ modes of Ly$α$ polarization. The one-halo terms of the $Π$ power spectra show a turnover that signals the average extent of the polarization signal, and thus the extent of the scattering medium. The position of this feature depends on redshift, and on the specific emission profile shape and extent, in our formalism. Therefore, the comparison of various Ly$α$ polarization quantities and redshifts can break degeneracies between competing effects, and it can reveal the true shape of the emission profiles, and thus, the physical properties of the cool gas in halos. Furthermore, measurements of Ly$α$ $E$ and $B$ modes may be used as probes of galaxy evolution, because they are related to the average degree of anisotropy in the emission and in the halo gas distribution across redshifts. The detection of the polarization signal at $z \sim 3-5$ requires improvements in the sensitivity of current ground-based experiments by a factor of $\sim 10$, and of $\sim 100$ for space-based instruments targeting the redshifts $z\sim 9-10$, the exact values depending on the specific redshift and experiment. Interloper contamination in polarization is expected to be small, because the interlopers need to also be polarized. Overall, Ly$α$ polarization boosts the amount of physical information retrievable on galaxies and their surroundings, most of it not achievable with total emission alone. (abridged)
description: Phys. Rev. D, accepted version. Main plots: figs. 3, 8, 9
Lower bound for energies of harmonic tangent unit-vector fields on convex polyhedra
Creators: name: Majumdar, A.
name: Robbins, J. M.
name: Zyskin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E20; 35J55

description: We derive a lower bound for energies of harmonic maps of convex polyhedra in $ \R^3 $ to the unit sphere $S^2,$ with tangent boundary conditions on the faces. We also establish that $C^\infty$ maps, satisfying tangent boundary conditions, are dense with respect to the Sobolev norm, in the space of continuous tangent maps of finite energy.
description: Acknowledgment added, typos removed, minor corrections
Integrating Various Building Metrics from the AMS Student Nest into a Presentable Dashboard
Creators: name: Gudimova, Anna
name: Chow, Euan
name: Lee, MengYeng (Dan)
name: Griffin, Micheal
name: Xu, Yuxin (Eugene)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: With the recent construction of the University of British Columbia’s (UBC) Alma Mater Society (AMS) Student Nest building, the AMS Sustainability office wants to integrate it into UBC’s culture of environmental consciousness. Sensors to collect building data were installed throughout the Nest, an in-vessel composter and waste scale was installed, and databases were created to store and aggregate the information collected. However, because these databases are stored separately, comparing and visualizing this data using specific time intervals is needed so that the data can be more clearly analyzed and interpreted. The goal of AMS Sustainability with regards to this project is to provide students with information about how much waste they produce in the Nest, and use that information to spread awareness and help cut down on garbage. Without going over-budget and protecting the security and integrity of the data collected, AMS Sustainability wants to design and create a new database on an active server that integrates the current databases into one location. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
A joint reconstruction and lambda tomography regularization technique for energy-resolved X-ray imaging
Creators: name: Webber, James
name: Quinto, Eric Todd
name: Miller, Eric L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Here we present new joint reconstruction and regularization techniques inspired by ideas in microlocal analysis and lambda tomography, for the simultaneous reconstruction of the attenuation coefficient and electron density from X-ray transmission (i.e., X-ray CT) and backscattered data (assumed to be primarily Compton scattered). To demonstrate our theory and reconstruction methods, we consider the "parallel line segment" acquisition geometry of Webber and Miller ("Compton scattering tomography in translational geometries." Inverse Problems 36, no. 2 (2020): 025007), which is motivated by system architectures currently under development for airport security screening. We first present a novel microlocal analysis of the parallel line geometry which explains the nature of image artefacts when the attenuation coefficient and electron density are reconstructed separately. We next introduce a new joint reconstruction scheme for low effective $Z$ (atomic number) imaging ($Z<20$) characterized by a regularization strategy whose structure is derived from lambda tomography principles and motivated directly by the microlocal analytic results. Finally we show the effectiveness of our method in combating noise and image artefacts on simulated phantoms.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures
Supplemental Figure S1 from Factors affecting optic nerve head biomechanics in a rat model of glaucoma
Creators: name: Schwaner, Stephen A.
name: Feola, Andrew J.
name: C. Ross Ethier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Figure illustrating convergence of outcome measure standard deviation with increasing number of simulations. This shows that the parameter space was sampled sufficiently.
Predicting spatial hotspot regions
Creators: name: Geyer, Susan Popowitz
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The identification of spatially extreme observations or "hotspots" figures prominently in the application of various forms of statistical analyses. Such analyses do not necessarily capture all suspect or interesting observations. A spatial modeling approach can incorporate possible dependencies in the data. However, in realistic scenarios, a single spatial hotspot is difficult to pin down as it influences or contaminates the surrounding values, thereby obscuring the extreme nature of a particular site. Therefore, we focus on the identification of extreme regions, or areas that are extremely high or low in value. We use several modeling techniques to estimate the placement and size of an extreme region, including a non-spatial model as well as four spatial modeling techniques. An application using dissolved oxygen levels in the Chesapeake Bay demonstrates this approach, and we compare these models using inferential and diagnostic measures.
Anthaxia inornata
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Anthaxia
Anthaxia inornata

description: 45. Anthaxia inornata (Randall, 1838)
 County Records (n = 77): Anoka, Clearwater, Cook, Isanti, Itasca, Lake, Marshall, and Mille Lacs.
Collection Dates: 25 April–25 July.
 Minnesota Hosts: Collected on  Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch  (Pinaceae) and  Angelica sp.  (Apiaceae). Adults previously recorded on Heterotheca villosa (Pursh) Shinners (Asteraceae), Ranunculus acris L. (Ranunculaceae), Rosa sp., Pinus sp. (Pinaceae), and Tragopogon pratensis L. (Asteraceae).
 Collection Method: On dying L. laricina along Mille Lacs lake shore and sweeping in woods.
 Note: This species belongs to the A. aeneogaster species-group, which is in need of revision (B´ılý and Kubáň 2010).
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 179, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
Ion-trap quantum computing in the presence of cooling
Creators: name: Beige, Almut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses ways to implement two-qubit gate operations for quantum computing with cold trapped ions within one step. The proposed scheme is widely robust against parameter fluctuations and its simplicity might help to increase the number of qubits in present experiments. Basic idea is to use the quantum Zeno effect originating from continuous measurements on a common vibrational mode to realise gate operations with very high fidelities. The gate success rate can, in principle, be arbitrary high but operation times comparable to other schemes can only be obtained by accepting success rates below 80%.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A, revised version, new title
Additional file 8 of The Alzheimer susceptibility gene BIN1 induces isoform-dependent neurotoxicity through early endosome defects
Creators: name: Lambert, Erwan
name: Saha, Orthis
name: Soares Landeira, Bruna
name: Melo de Farias, Ana Raquel
name: Hermant, Xavier
name: Carrier, Arnaud
name: Pelletier, Alexandre
name: Gadaut, Johanna
name: Davoine, Lindsay
name: Dupont, Cloé
name: Amouyel, Philippe
name: Bonnefond, Amélie
name: Lafont, Frank
name: Abdelfettah, Farida
name: Verstreken, Patrik
name: Chapuis, Julien
name: Barois, Nicolas
name: Delahaye, Fabien
name: Dermaut, Bart
name: Lambert, Jean-Charles
name: Costa, Marcos R.
name: Dourlen, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8. Figure S7. Graphic representation of proportions of cell types (in percentages) in BIN1 KO and WT cerebral organoids.
4,4'-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate Modulates Voltage Gated K+ Current and Influences Cell Cycle Arrest in Androgen Sensitive and Insensitive Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Creators: name: George, Kiran
name: Thomas, Nisha Susan
name: Malathi, Raman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: The stilbene derivative, 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS), an anion channel blocker is used in the present study to evaluate its modulatory effect on voltage gated K+ current (IK) in human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3). Voltage gated K+ (KV) channels in the plasma membrane is critically involved in the proliferation of tumour cells. Therefore, KV channels are considered as a novel potential target for cancer treatment. The results of the present study show that the external perfusion of DIDS activates IK in a concentration dependent manner, although the known K+ channel blocker TEA failed to block the DIDS activated IK in PC-3 cells. Whereas, in LNCaP cells, the higher concentration of DIDS blocked IK, though this effect was not completely recovered after washout. The difference in function of DIDS might be due to the expression of different Kv channel isoforms in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Further, the anticancer studies show that treatment of DIDS significantly induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and induced moderate and low level of cell death in LNCaP and PC-3 cells respectively. This finding reveals that DIDS modulates IK and exerts cell cycle arrest and cell death in LNCaP and PC-3 cells.
Supplemental Figure S3 from Factors affecting optic nerve head biomechanics in a rat model of glaucoma
Creators: name: Schwaner, Stephen A.
name: Feola, Andrew J.
name: C. Ross Ethier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Figure illustrating the fiber directions assigned to the peripapillary sclera proper and scleral sling.
Adult basic education and literacy in El Salvador: A case study
Creators: name: Nunes, Leesa Kaplan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research was designed to examine an adult basic education and literacy program in El Salvador, the Instiluto Dalva para la Educacion de Adultos (IDEA), [Dalva Institute for Adult Education], a school which offers primary education to adults from rural communities. Specifically, this case study seeks to identify features contributing to IDEA's reported success and to describe the definition of success at IDEA and in El Salvador. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data in El Salvador over a four-year period. Observations of classroom and related activities were carried out at IDEA and at other adult education programs. Semistructured interviews were conducted with students, teachers, and administrators at IDEA and other educational institutions. Documents and textbooks were reviewed. Valuable insight into Salvadoran culture, history, and education was provided by key informants. Information was gathered to capture essential features of IDEA's culture and its institutional and social structures; to discover IDEA's place in the formal education sector; to learn about its students and teachers; to determine the curriculum, approach, and method used; to look at daily interactions; and to learn about the history and development of the school. Throughout fieldwork, data were recorded in notebooks and on audiotape. They included descriptions and perceptions of the sites, conversations, and events as well as preliminary analyses and interpretations. Data were continuously analyzed for recurring categories relevant to the study's questions, leading to the development of tentative conclusions later confirmed by data gathered on subsequent field visits. Findings revealed four salient features contributing to IDEA'S success: community spirit, shared leadership, a safe environment, and a convenient school schedule. Results also showed that the choice of curriculum and teaching method may not significantly affect program success. Various indicators of success were found, including good attendance records, program longevity, and the usefulness and applicability of skills and knowledge learned. Providing an example of what works offers a significant contribution to adult learning theory and practice. The implications of this research should encourage educators and program administrators to create ways of incorporating these features of success into their own strategies for adult basic education and literacy programs.
Tracking COVID-19 using online search
Creators: name: Lampos, Vasileios
name: Majumder, Maimuna S.
name: Yom-Tov, Elad
name: Edelstein, Michael
name: Moura, Simon
name: Hamada, Yohhei
name: Rangaka, Molebogeng X.
name: McKendry, Rachel A.
name: Cox, Ingemar J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous research has demonstrated that various properties of infectious diseases can be inferred from online search behaviour. In this work we use time series of online search query frequencies to gain insights about the prevalence of COVID-19 in multiple countries. We first develop unsupervised modelling techniques based on associated symptom categories identified by the United Kingdom's National Health Service and Public Health England. We then attempt to minimise an expected bias in these signals caused by public interest -- as opposed to infections -- using the proportion of news media coverage devoted to COVID-19 as a proxy indicator. Our analysis indicates that models based on online searches precede the reported confirmed cases and deaths by 16.7 (10.2 - 23.2) and 22.1 (17.4 - 26.9) days, respectively. We also investigate transfer learning techniques for mapping supervised models from countries where the spread of disease has progressed extensively to countries that are in earlier phases of their respective epidemic curves. Furthermore, we compare time series of online search activity against confirmed COVID-19 cases or deaths jointly across multiple countries, uncovering interesting querying patterns, including the finding that rarer symptoms are better predictors than common ones. Finally, we show that web searches improve the short-term forecasting accuracy of autoregressive models for COVID-19 deaths. Our work provides evidence that online search data can be used to develop complementary public health surveillance methods to help inform the COVID-19 response in conjunction with more established approaches.
description: Published in Nature Digital Medicine. Please note that the published version differs from this preprint
Adult basic education and literacy in El Salvador: A case study
Creators: name: Nunes, Leesa Kaplan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: This research was designed to examine an adult basic education and literacy program in El Salvador, the Instiluto Dalva para la Educacion de Adultos (IDEA), [Dalva Institute for Adult Education], a school which offers primary education to adults from rural communities. Specifically, this case study seeks to identify features contributing to IDEA's reported success and to describe the definition of success at IDEA and in El Salvador. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data in El Salvador over a four-year period. Observations of classroom and related activities were carried out at IDEA and at other adult education programs. Semistructured interviews were conducted with students, teachers, and administrators at IDEA and other educational institutions. Documents and textbooks were reviewed. Valuable insight into Salvadoran culture, history, and education was provided by key informants. Information was gathered to capture essential features of IDEA's culture and its institutional and social structures; to discover IDEA's place in the formal education sector; to learn about its students and teachers; to determine the curriculum, approach, and method used; to look at daily interactions; and to learn about the history and development of the school. Throughout fieldwork, data were recorded in notebooks and on audiotape. They included descriptions and perceptions of the sites, conversations, and events as well as preliminary analyses and interpretations. Data were continuously analyzed for recurring categories relevant to the study's questions, leading to the development of tentative conclusions later confirmed by data gathered on subsequent field visits. Findings revealed four salient features contributing to IDEA'S success: community spirit, shared leadership, a safe environment, and a convenient school schedule. Results also showed that the choice of curriculum and teaching method may not significantly affect program success. Various indicators of success were found, including good attendance records, program longevity, and the usefulness and applicability of skills and knowledge learned. Providing an example of what works offers a significant contribution to adult learning theory and practice. The implications of this research should encourage educators and program administrators to create ways of incorporating these features of success into their own strategies for adult basic education and literacy programs.
Attitudes toward depression and its treatment in disadvantaged, depressed women
Creators: name: Kirk, Lindsey B.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research was conducted to investigate various attitudes toward depression and its treatment in disadvantaged, depressed women. Specifically, it investigated depressed women's ideas about what depression is, what causes it, and what they think might work best to cure it, as well as how likely people are to recognize depression in themselves, be distressed by it, and want help for it. I also investigated perceived barriers to care, and stigmas associated with depression and mental health treatment, attitudes toward treatment, and preferences and expectations for various treatment methods. These attitudes were explored prior to randomized assignment to cognitive behavioral group therapy, pharmacotherapy, or care as usual. They were then reassessed after up to four sessions of education before beginning actual treatment. These attitudes were not as useful as expected for predicting which women would make use of the treatment offered to them. Women who were assigned a treatment that matched their preference were no more likely to enter treatment than those assigned to a non-matched treatment. Education sessions were somewhat helpful in improving attitudes, particularly towards medication, which seemed to produce the most reservations initially. Limitations and implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the transportome of the biosurfactant producing yeast Starmerella bombicola
Creators: name: Claus, Silke
name: Jezierska, Sylwia
name: Elbourne, Liam D. H.
name: Van Bogaert, Inge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary table of S. bombicola’s predicted transporters. Table S2. Keys for TransAAP substrate prediction, grouped. Table S3. S. bombicola strains used in this research. Table S4. Primers used in this research. Table S5. Maximum specific growth rate (μ) of selected S. bombicola ABC transporter knockouts cultivated on SD medium. Table S6. List of compounds used for disc diffusion assay, their concentration in DMSO and supplier. Figure S1. Disc diffusion assay with polyoxyethylene-9-lauryl ether of selected S. bombicola ABC transporter deletion mutants compared to wild type. Figure S2. Disc diffusion assay of S. bombicola ΔSbCdr4 and S. bombicola ΔSbYor1.2 compared to wild type. The concentration of the applied medium chain alkanes and fatty alcohols is given in Table S6. Figure S3. Comparison of growth among different SL transporter deletion strains on shake flask scale by OD600 and pH measurements every 24 h (a) without the addition of rapeseed oil and (b) with the addition of 37.5 g/L rapeseed oil.