cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Key Stakeholder Perspectives on the Employability Skills of Business Graduates in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study.
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Bindawas, Abdullah
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2023

description: Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 is an ambitious programme designed to convert the country’s oil-based economy into a knowledge-based economy. Human capital is a crucial component of this, and the employability skills of young Saudi business students plays a vital role in achieving the Vision’s objectives. However, many graduates lack the necessary skills required by employers. This study, therefore, was conducted with the aim of developing a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the employability of business students in Saudi Arabia.
The study analysed the perceptions of three major stakeholders – academics, students, and employers – from several Saudi universities. Three theories were adopted, namely institutional theory, experiential learning theory, and situated learning theory. A qualitative method was applied and purposive sampling was used to select thirty-eight of the participants who provided the richest body of information directly related to the phenomenon of employability skills. Face-to-face interviews were carried out and the participant responses thematically analysed in order to identify common themes.
Findings revealed a number of themes to explain the low employability of Saudi business students. Crucial skills for business graduates found lacking in these subjects included communication skills, functional competencies, technology-related skills, interpersonal competencies, and personal attributes. Impeding factors were found to be outdated curricula; lack of collaboration between academia and industry; outdated, theory-heavy teaching methods; lack of practical knowledge and workplace know-how; low faculty–student ratio; poor admission quality; low motivation for student self-development; lack of recognition for the efforts of academics; lack of resources in universities; and the use of Arabic instead of English as the means of instruction. Suggestions for addressing the skills gap included the addition of industry-relevant elective courses, more experiential learning opportunities, and stronger collaboration between academia and the industry.
D. Taschler, Vor neuen Herausforderungen. Die außen- und deutschlandpolitische Debatte in der CDU/CSU-Bundestagsfraktion während der Großen Koalition (1966-1969), 2001
Creators: name: Barral, Pierre
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: D. Taschler, Vor neuen Herausforderungen. Die außen- und deutschlandpolitische Debatte in der CDU/CSU-Bundestagsfraktion während der Großen Koalition (1966-1969), 2001 (P. Barral)
description: Francia, Bd. 30 Nr. 3 (2003)
Accurate Test of Chiral Dynamics in the \boldmath$\vecγ p \rightarrow π^0p$ Reaction
Creators: name: Hornidge, D.
name: Bartolome, P. Aguar
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Arends, H. J.
name: Beck, R.
name: Bekrenev, V.
name: Berghaeuser, H.
name: Bernstein, A. M.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Cherepnya, S.
name: Dieterle, M.
name: Downie, E. J.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Fernandez-Ramirez, C.
name: Filkov, L. V.
name: Glazier, D. I.
name: Barrientos, P. Hall
name: Heid, E.
name: Hilt, M.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Jahn, O.
name: Jude, T. C.
name: Kashevarov, V. L.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Kondratiev, R.
name: Korolija, M.
name: Koulbardis, A.
name: Krambrich, D.
name: Kruglov, S.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Laffoley, A. T.
name: Lisin, V.
name: Livingston, K.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Mancell, J.
name: Manley, D. M.
name: McNicoll, E. F.
name: Mekterovic, D.
name: Metag, V.
name: Micanovic, S.
name: Middleton, D. G.
name: Moores, K. W.
name: Mushkarenkov, A.
name: Nefkens, B. M. K.
name: Oberle, M.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Otte, P. B.
name: Oussena, B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Pheron, F.
name: Polonski, A.
name: Prakhov, S.
name: Robinson, J.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Scherer, S.
name: Schumann, S.
name: Sikora, M. H.
name: Starostin, A.
name: Supek, I.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Tiator, L.
name: Unverzagt, M.
name: Watts, D. P.
name: Werthmueller, D.
name: Witthauer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precision measurement of the differential cross sections $dσ/dΩ$ and the linearly polarized photon asymmetry $Σ\equiv (dσ_\perp - dσ_\parallel) \slash (dσ_\perp + dσ_\parallel)$ for the $\vecγ p \rightarrow π^0p$ reaction in the near-threshold region has been performed with a tagged photon beam and almost $4π$ detector at the Mainz Microtron. The Glasgow-Mainz photon tagging facility along with the Crystal Ball/TAPS multi-photon detector system and a cryogenic liquid hydrogen target were used. These data allowed for a precise determination of the energy dependence of the real parts of the $S$- and all three $P$-wave amplitudes for the first time and provide the most stringent test to date of the predictions of Chiral Perturbation Theory and its energy region of agreement with experiment.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Production of Prompt Photons: Holographic Duality and Thermalization
Creators: name: Baier, Rudolf
name: Stricker, Stefan A.
name: Taanila, Olli
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of prompt photons in strongly coupled out-of-equilibrium Super Yang-Mills plasma using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our goal is to determine the photon emission spectrum at different stages of a thermalization process, which is modeled via the gravitational collapse of a thin spherical shell in AdS$_5$ space. Particular emphasis is placed on the limit of large frequencies, which we are able to treat analytically.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, v3: Minor mistake corrected in the calculations, figures and discussion adapted accordingly
Domain Wall QCD with Near-Physical Pions
Creators: name: RBC Collaboration
name: UKQCD Collaboration
name: Arthur, R.
name: Blum, T.
name: Boyle, P. A.
name: Christ, N. H.
name: Garron, N.
name: Hudspith, R. J.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Jung, C.
name: Kelly, C.
name: Lytle, A. T.
name: Mawhinney, R. D.
name: Murphy, D.
name: Ohta, S.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
name: Soni, A.
name: Yu, J.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present physical results for a variety of light hadronic quantities obtained via a combined analysis of three 2+1 flavour domain wall fermion ensemble sets. For two of our ensemble sets we used the Iwasaki gauge action with beta=2.13 (a^-1=1.75(4) GeV) and beta=2.25 (a^-1=2.31(4) GeV) and lattice sizes of 24^3 x 64 and 32^3 x 64 respectively, with unitary pion masses in the range 293(5)-417(10) MeV. The extent L_s for the 5^th dimension of the domain wall fermion formulation is L_s=16 in these ensembles. In this analysis we include a third ensemble set that makes use of the novel Iwasaki+DSDR (Dislocation Suppressing Determinant Ratio) gauge action at beta = 1.75 (a^-1=1.37(1) GeV) with a lattice size of 32^3 x 64 and L_s=32 to reach down to partially-quenched pion masses as low as 143(1) MeV and a unitary pion mass of 171(1) MeV, while retaining good chiral symmetry and topological tunneling. We demonstrate a significant improvement in our control over the chiral extrapolation, resulting in much improved continuum predictions for the above quantities. The main results of this analysis include the pion and kaon decay constants, f_π=127(3)_{stat}(3)_{sys} MeV and f_K = 152(3)_{stat}(2)_{sys} MeV respectively (f_K/f_π= 1.199(12)_{stat}(14)_{sys}); the average up/down quark mass and the strange-quark mass in the MSbar-scheme at 3 GeV, m_{ud}(MSbar, 3 GeV) = 3.05(8)_{stat}(6)_{sys} MeV and m_s(MSbar, 3 GeV) = 83.5(1.7)_{stat}(1.1)_{sys}; the neutral kaon mixing parameter in the MSbar-scheme at 3 GeV, B_K(MSbar,3 GeV) = 0.535(8)_{stat}(13)_{sys}, and in the RGI scheme, \hat B_K = 0.758(11)_{stat}(19)_{sys}; and the Sommer scales r_1 = 0.323(8)_{stat}(4)_{sys} fm and r_0 = 0.480(10)_{stat}(4)_{sys} (r_1/r_0 = 0.673(11)_{stat}(3)_{sys}). We also obtain values for the SU(2) ChPT effective couplings, \bar{l_3} = 2.91(23)_{stat}(7)_{sys}$ and \bar{l_4} = 3.99(16)_{stat}(9)_{sys}.
description: 95 pages, 23 figures. Added missing author to metadata
Fundamental View on the Calculation of Internal Partition Functions Using Occupational Probabilities
Creators: name: Zaghloul, Mofreh R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From first principles, the author gathers a few general rules that need to be abided by in the calculation of the internal partition functions (IPFs) of individual molecules. These rules are violated in many schemes in the literature where occupational probabilities are used including those using the Planck-Larkin partition function (PLPF) within the chemical picture. Considering these rules is useful from conceptual and practical points of view. A solution is introduced to assure fulfilling the above mentioned rules when using occupational probabilities. Sample calculations are performed showing quantitative significance of inaccuracies caused by dishonoring such rules.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, under review
Tagesschule: ein Ort voller Einzelkämpfer*innen? Eine qualitative Untersuchung zu Multiprofessionalität an Stadtzürcher Tagesschulen
Creators: name: Wehrli, Aurelia
name: Weydknecht, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Der gesellschaftliche Wandel hat in den letzten Jahren dazu geführt, dass sich der Fokus von der familiären Betreuung auf das Schulsystem verlagert hat. Demzufolge hat das Zürcher Stimmvolk mit der flächendeckenden Schaffung von Tagesschulen einen wegweisenden Schritt beschlossen. Die Sicherstellung der Betreuung der Schülerinnen und Schüler, Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf, Erhöhung der Bildungschancen in der Volksschule sowie die Optimierung der Organisation von Unterricht und Betreuung im Lebensraum Schule sind dabei wichtige Anliegen. Im Schulsystem führt diese Entwicklung zu einer veränderten Einbindung der Sozialen Arbeit. Die vorliegende Master-Thesis geht der Frage nach, wie sich eine multiprofessionelle Kooperation im pädagogischen Gesamtteam an den Stadtzürcher Tagesschulen gestaltet. Zur Beantwortung erfolgt eine Literaturrecherche und darauf aufbauend eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse von Leitfadeninterviews. Da die Forschungsarbeiten in der Schweiz auf diesem Gebiet noch spärlich sind, werden zusätzlich Erkenntnisse aus Deutschland beigezogen, da zum Thema multiprofessionelle Kooperation an Tagesschulen schon fundierter geforscht wurde. Die Ergebnisse konzentrieren sich auf die momentane Ausgestaltung der Kooperationspraxis zwischen Unterricht und Betreuung in der Stadt Zürich und zeigen, dass eine Kooperation zwischen den Professionen zwar stattfindet, in Anbetracht der ursprünglichen Anliegen von Tagesschulen jedoch durchaus noch ausbaufähig ist und die Rahmenbedingungen dabei stark wegleitend sind.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa masa + Fussnote: Master of Science in Sozialer Arbeit, Bern, Luzern, St. Gallen, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202306
Chandra X-ray and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Optically Selected kiloparsec-Scale Binary Active Galactic Nuclei I. Nature of the Nuclear Ionizing Sources
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Civano, Francesca
name: Shen, Yue
name: Green, Paul J.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Strauss, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kiloparsec-scale binary active galactic nuclei (AGNs) signal active supermassive black hole (SMBH) pairs in merging galaxies. Despite their significance, unambiguously confirmed cases remain scarce and most have been discovered serendipitously. In a previous systematic search, we optically identified four kpc-scale binary AGNs from candidates selected with double-peaked narrow emission lines at redshifts of 0.1--0.2. Here we present Chandra and Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging of these four systems. We critically examine and confirm the binary-AGN scenario for two of the four targets, by combining high angular resolution X-ray imaging spectroscopy with Chandra ACIS-S, better nuclear position constraints from WFC3 F105W imaging, and direct starburst estimates from WFC3 F336W imaging; for the other two targets, the existing data are still consistent with the binary-AGN scenario, but we cannot rule out the possibility of only one AGN ionizing gas in both merging galaxies. We find tentative evidence for a systematically smaller X-ray-to-[O III] luminosity ratio and/or higher Compton-thick fraction in optically selected kpc-scale binary AGNs than in single AGNs, possibly caused by a higher nuclear gas column due to mergers and/or a viewing angle bias related to the double-peak narrow line selection. While our result lends some further support to the general approach of optically identifying kpc-scale binary AGNs, it also highlights the challenge and ambiguity of X-ray confirmation.
description: 18 emulateapj pages, 5 figures, ApJ in press
Weighing the Giants II: Improved Calibration of Photometry from Stellar Colors and Accurate Photometric Redshifts
Creators: name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: von der Linden, Anja
name: Applegate, Douglas E.
name: Allen, Mark T.
name: Allen, Steven W.
name: Burchat, Patricia R.
name: Burke, David L.
name: Ebeling, Harald
name: Capak, Peter
name: Czoske, Oliver
name: Donovan, David
name: Mantz, Adam
name: Morris, R. Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present improved methods for using stars found in astronomical exposures to calibrate both star and galaxy colors as well as to adjust the instrument flat field. By developing a spectroscopic model for the SDSS stellar locus in color-color space, synthesizing an expected stellar locus, and simultaneously solving for all unknown zeropoints when fitting to the instrumental locus, we increase the calibration accuracy of stellar locus matching. We also use a new combined technique to estimate improved flat-field models for the Subaru SuprimeCam camera, forming `star flats' based on the magnitudes of stars observed in multiple positions or through comparison with available SDSS magnitudes. These techniques yield galaxy magnitudes with reliable color calibration (< 0.01 - 0.02 mag accuracy) that enable us to estimate photometric redshift probability distributions without spectroscopic training samples. We test the accuracy of our photometric redshifts using spectroscopic redshifts z_s for ~5000 galaxies in 27 cluster fields with at least five bands of photometry, as well as galaxies in the COSMOS field, finding sigma((z_p - z_s)/(1 + z_s)) ~ 0.03 for the most probable redshift z_p. We show that the full posterior probability distributions for the redshifts of galaxies with five-band photometry exhibit good agreement with redshifts estimated from thirty-band photometry in the COSMOS field. The growth of shear with increasing distance behind each galaxy cluster shows the expected redshift-distance relation for a flat Lambda-CDM cosmology. Photometric redshifts and calibrated colors are used in subsequent papers to measure the masses of 51 galaxy clusters from their weak gravitational shear. We make our Python code for stellar locus matching available at http://big-macs-calibrate.googlecode.com; the code requires only a catalog and filter functions.
description: Accepted by MNRAS with only minor revisions. Code available: http://big-macs-calibrate.googlecode.com (v2 latex symbols removed from abstract)
Closing the loop - Recycling waste plastic
Creators: name: Bruce, C
name: Sweet, K
name: Ok, Jeongbin
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Worldwide we produce billions of tonnes of waste per year, including a million tonnes of plastic waste. Currently, there are methods for recycling plastic, but these methods can be expensive and time-consuming, resulting in most of the plastic being thrown into the landfill. Because plastic does not fully degrade, it ends up in the ocean and other waterways, poisoning the water with toxins. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to reducing plastic waste by creating an alternative method of recycling that utilises new technologies such as additive manufacturing, to create a building material that fits into the concept of the circular economy. The findings of this research explored the recycling of plastic by collecting plastic waste such as PLA (Polylactic Acid) from old 3D printed models and other sources. The plastic was recycled into filament for additive manufacturing (AM) and used to print a building component, establishing a foundational proof of concept for the use of recycled plastic as a potential building material.
Alter als kulturelle Differenzkategorie. Das Postdoc-Kolleg Alter – Geschlecht – Gesellschaft an der Universität Greifswald
Creators: name: Hartung, Heike
Publisher: name: querelles-net
Year: 2005
Subjects: Alter; Bildende Kunst; Geschlecht; Gender

description: querelles-net, Nr. 16 (2005): Alter
Galactic Winds in Cosmological Simulations of the Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Barai, Paramita
name: Viel, Matteo
name: Borgani, Stefano
name: Tescari, Edoardo
name: Tornatore, Luca
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Killedar, Madhura
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
name: D'Odorico, Valentina
name: Cristiani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We explore new observationally-constrained sub-resolution models of galactic outflows and investigate their impact on the circumgalactic medium (CGM) over redshifts z = 2 - 4. We perform cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, including star formation, chemical enrichment, and four cases of SNe-driven outflows: no wind (NW), an energy-driven constant velocity wind (CW), a radially varying wind (RVWa) where the outflow velocity has a positive correlation with galactocentric distance (r), and a RVW with additional dependence on halo mass (RVWb). Overall, we find that the outflows expel metal-enriched gas away from galaxies, significantly quench star formation, and enrich the CGM. At z = 2, the radial profiles of gas properties around galaxy centers are most sensitive to the choice of the wind model for halo masses (10^9 - 10^11) M_sun. We infer that the RVWb model is similar to the NW case, except that it substantially enriches the CGM: the carbon metallicity (Z_C) is 10 times higher in RVWb than in NW at r > R_200; and the warm gas of 10^4 - 10^5 K and delta < 100 is enriched to 50 times higher than in NW. We also find that the impact of models CW and RVWa are similar, with the following differences. RVWa causes a greater suppression of star formation rate at z < 5, and has a higher fraction of low-density (delta < 10), warm-hot (10^4 - 10^6 K) gas than in CW. Outflows in CW produce a higher and earlier enrichment of some IGM phases than RVWa. By visual inspection, we note that the RVWa model shows more pronounced bipolar outflows and galactic disks. We present fitting formulae for [Z_C-delta] and [Z_C-r], also for the abundance of CIV as a function of r. We predict observational diagnostics to distinguish between different outflow scenarios: Z_C of the CGM gas at r = (30 - 300) kpc/h comoving, and CIV fraction of the inner gas at r < (4 - 5) kpc/h comoving.
description: Version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Manuscript file with higher resolution Fig. 2 can be found here: http://adlibitum.oats.inaf.it/barai/AllPages/Images-Movies/RadialVarWind.pdf
Choice of boundary condition for lattice-Boltzmann simulation of moderate Reynolds number flow in complex domains
Creators: name: Nash, Rupert W.
name: Carver, Hywel B.
name: Bernabeu, Miguel O.
name: Hetherington, James
name: Groen, Derek
name: Krüger, Timm
name: Coveney, Peter V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling blood flow in larger vessels using lattice-Boltzmann methods comes with a challenging set of constraints: a complex geometry with walls and inlet/outlets at arbitrary orientations with respect to the lattice, intermediate Reynolds number, and unsteady flow. Simple bounce-back is one of the most commonly used, simplest, and most computationally efficient boundary conditions, but many others have been proposed. We implement three other methods applicable to complex geometries (Guo, Zheng and Shi, Phys Fluids (2002); Bouzdi, Firdaouss and Lallemand, Phys. Fluids (2001); Junk and Yang Phys. Rev. E (2005)) in our open-source application \HemeLB{}. We use these to simulate Poiseuille and Womersley flows in a cylindrical pipe with an arbitrary orientation at physiologically relevant Reynolds (1--300) and Womersley (4--12) numbers and steady flow in a curved pipe at relevant Dean number (100--200) and compare the accuracy to analytical solutions. We find that both the Bouzidi-Firdaouss-Lallemand and Guo-Zheng-Shi methods give second-order convergence in space while simple bounce-back degrades to first order. The BFL method appears to perform better than GZS in unsteady flows and is significantly less computationally expensive. The Junk-Yang method shows poor stability at larger Reynolds number and so cannot be recommended here. The choice of collision operator (lattice Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook vs.\ multiple relaxation time) and velocity set (D3Q15 vs.\ D3Q19 vs.\ D3Q27) does not significantly affect the accuracy in the problems studied.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E, 14 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
Entwicklung keramischer Vergussmassen mit Alkoxysilanen zur Steigerung der Haftfestigkeit
Creators: name: Kohler, Tobias
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vergussmasse
Scherfestigkeit
Primer
Alkoxysilan
Leistungselektronik
Potting Material
Shear Strength
Alkoxysilane
Power Electronics

description: Die Haftung der Vergussmasse ist ein entscheidender Faktor für die Robustheit und Funktionalität eines leistungselektronischen Moduls. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Haftung von keramischen Vergussmassen weiterentwickelt. Es wurde ein Primer entwickelt, der auch bei hohen Temperaturen für kurze Zeiten gute Scherwerte liefert. Außerdem wurde eine gänzlich neue Vergussmasse entwickelt auf Basis von Alkoxysilanen. Besonders MTES zeigte vorteilhafte Eigenschaften für die Haftung unter Temperatur.
Classical and Quantum Discrete Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Kornyak, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study deterministic and quantum dynamics from a constructive "finite" point of view, since the introduction of a continuum, or other actual infinities in physics poses serious conceptual and technical difficulties, without any need for these concepts to physics as an empirical science. For a consistent description of the symmetries of dynamical systems at different times and the symmetries of the various parts of such systems, we introduce discrete analogs of the gauge connections. Gauge structures are particularly important to describe the quantum behavior. We show that quantum behavior is the result of a fundamental inability to trace the identity of indistinguishable objects in the process of evolution. Information is available only on invariant statements and values, relating to such objects. Using mathematical arguments of a general nature we can show that any quantum dynamics can be reduced to a sequence of permutations. Quantum interferences occur in the invariant subspaces of permutation representations of symmetry groups of dynamical systems. The observable values can be expressed in terms of permutation invariants. We also show that for the description of quantum phenomena, instead of a nonconstructive number system --- the field of complex numbers, it is enough to use cyclotomic fields --- the minimal extentions of natural numbers suitable for quantum mechanics. Finite groups of symmetries play a central role in this article. The interest in such groups has an additional motivation in physics. Numerous experiments and observations in particle physics point to an important role of finite groups of relatively low orders in a number of fundamental processes.
description: author's English translation added; 74 pages in English, 80 pages in Russian; English translation in Phys. Part. Nucl. ISSN 1063-7796 (2013) 44, No. 1, pp 47-91 was done without author's control; V3: Section 4 revised; V4: some corrections
From Dust to Planetesimals: Criteria for Gravitational Instability of Small Particles in Gas
Creators: name: Shi, Ji-Ming
name: Chiang, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust particles sediment toward the midplanes of protoplanetary disks, forming dust-rich sublayers encased in gas. What densities must the particle sublayer attain before it can fragment by self-gravity? We describe various candidate threshold densities. One of these is the Roche density, which is that required for a strengthless satellite to resist tidal disruption by its primary. Another is the Toomre density, which is that required for de-stabilizing self-gravity to defeat the stabilizing influences of pressure and rotation. We show that for sublayers containing aerodynamically well-coupled dust, the Toomre density exceeds the Roche density by many (up to about 4) orders of magnitude. We present 3D shearing box simulations of self-gravitating, stratified, dust-gas mixtures to test which of the candidate thresholds is relevant for collapse. All our simulations indicate that the larger Toomre density is required for collapse. This result is sensible because sublayers are readily stabilized by pressure. Sound-crossing times for thin layers are easily shorter than free-fall times, and the effective sound speed in dust-gas suspensions decreases only weakly with the dust-to-gas ratio (as the inverse square root). Our findings assume that particles are small enough that their stopping times in gas are shorter than all other timescales. Relaxing this assumption may lower the threshold for gravitational collapse back down to the Roche criterion. In particular, if the particle stopping time becomes longer than the sound-crossing time, sublayers may lose pressure support and become gravitationally unstable.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, and 5 tables. ApJ accepted
Top-Quark Decay at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order in QCD
Creators: name: Gao, Jun
name: Li, Chong Sheng
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete calculation of the top-quark decay width at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD, including next-to-leading electroweak corrections as well as finite bottom quark mass and $W$ boson width effects. In particular, we also show the first results of the fully differential decay rates for top-quark semileptonic decay $t\to W^+(l^+ν)b$ at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. Our method is based on the understanding of the invariant mass distribution of the final-state jet in the singular limit from effective field theory. Our result can be used to study arbitrary infrared-safe observables of top-quark decay with the highest perturbative accuracy.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures; version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Zwangsprostitution in Kriegs- und Friedenszeiten. Einführung
Creators: name: Querelles-Net, Redaktion
Publisher: name: querelles-net
Year: 2004
Subjects: Frieden und Krieg; Prostitution; Osteuropa und Russland; Süd-; Ost- und Südostasien; Geschlecht; Gender

description: Zwangsprostitution in Kriegs- und Friedenszeiten. Einführung
description: querelles-net, Nr. 13 (2004): Recht
Dependence of the energy resolution of a scintillating crystal on the readout integration time
Creators: name: Bocci, V.
name: Chao, D.
name: Chiodi, G.
name: Faccini, R.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Lunadei, R.
name: Martellotti, G.
name: Penso, G.
name: Pinci, D.
name: Recchia, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibilty of performing high-rate calorimetry with a slow scintillator crystal is studied. In this experimental situation, to avoid pulse pile-up, it can be necessary to base the energy measurement on only a fraction of the emitted light, thus spoiling the energy resolution. This effect was experimentally studied with a BGO crystal and a photomultiplier followed by an integrator, by measuring the peak amplitude of the signals. The experimental data show that the energy resolution is exclusively due to the statistical fluctuations of the number of photoelectrons contributing to the peak amplitude. When such number is small its fluctuations are even smaller than those predicted by Poisson statistics. These results were confirmed by a Monte Carlo simulation which allows to estimate, in a general case, the energy resolution, given the total number of photoelectrons, the scintillation time and the integration time.
Spinor helicity structures in higher spin theories
Creators: name: Ananth, Sudarshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the coefficient of the cubic interaction vertex, in higher spin Lagrangians, has a very simple form when written in terms of spinor helicity products. The result for a higher-spin field, of spin $λ$, is equal to the corresponding Yang-Mills coefficient raised to the power $λ$. Among other things, this suggests perturbative ties, similar to the KLT relations, between higher spin theories and pure Yang-Mills. This result is obtained in four-dimensional flat spacetime.
description: 5 pages. v2: minor changes, references added
Phase with no mass gap in non-perturbatively gauge-fixed Yang--Mills theory
Creators: name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Shamir, Yigal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An equivariantly gauge-fixed non-abelian gauge theory is a theory in which a coset of the gauge group, not containing the maximal abelian subgroup, is gauge fixed. Such theories are non-perturbatively well-defined. In a finite volume, the equivariant BRST symmetry guarantees that expectation values of gauge-invariant operators are equal to their values in the unfixed theory. However, turning on a small breaking of this symmetry, and turning it off after the thermodynamic limit has been taken, can in principle reveal new phases. In this paper we use a combination of strong-coupling and mean-field techniques to study an SU(2) Yang--Mills theory equivariantly gauge fixed to a U(1) subgroup. We find evidence for the existence of a new phase in which two of the gluons becomes massive while the third one stays massless, resembling the broken phase of an SU(2) theory with an adjoint Higgs field. The difference is that here this phase occurs in an asymptotically-free theory.
description: Significant addition, conclusions unchanged. Revtex, 33 pages
On the puzzling feature of the silence of precursory electromagnetic emissions
Creators: name: Eftaxias, K.
name: Potirakis, S. M.
name: Chelidze, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that fracture-induced MHz-kHz electromagnetic (EM) emissions, which emerge from a few days up to a few hours before the main seismic shock occurrence permit a real-time monitoring of the damage process during the last stages of earthquake preparation, as it happens at the laboratory scale. Despite fairly abundant evidence, EM precursors have not been adequately accepted as credible physical phenomena. These negative views are enhanced by the fact that certain 'puzzling features' are repetitively observed in candidate fracture-induced pre-seismic EM emissions. More precisely, EM silence in all frequency bands appears before the main seismic shock occurrence, as well as during the aftershock period. Actually, the view that 'acceptance of 'precursive' EM signals without convincing co-seismic signals should not be expected' seems to be reasonable. In this work we focus on this point. We examine whether the aforementioned features of EM silence are really puzzling ones or, instead, reflect well-documented characteristic features of the fracture process, in terms of: universal structural patterns of the fracture process, recent laboratory experiments, numerical and theoretical studies of fracture dynamics, critical phenomena, percolation theory, and micromechanics of granular materials. Our analysis shows that these features should not be considered puzzling.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:cond-mat/0603542 by other authors
Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Creators: name: The ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The datasets used correspond to integrated luminosities of approximately 4.8 fb^-1 collected at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV in 2011 and 5.8 fb^-1 at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV in 2012. Individual searches in the channels H->ZZ^(*)->llll, H->gamma gamma and H->WW->e nu mu nu in the 8 TeV data are combined with previously published results of searches for H->ZZ^(*), WW^(*), bbbar and tau^+tau^- in the 7 TeV data and results from improved analyses of the H->ZZ^(*)->llll and H->gamma gamma channels in the 7 TeV data. Clear evidence for the production of a neutral boson with a measured mass of 126.0 +/- 0.4(stat) +/- 0.4(sys) GeV is presented. This observation, which has a significance of 5.9 standard deviations, corresponding to a background fluctuation probability of 1.7x10^-9, is compatible with the production and decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson.
description: 24 pages plus author list (38 pages total), 12 figures, 7 tables, revised author list, matches version to appear in Physics Letters B
The Generalization of the Decomposition of Functions by Energy Operators
Creators: name: Montillet, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A99, 34L30, 46A11

description: This work starts with the introduction of a family of differential energy operators. Energy operators ($Psi_R^+$, $Psi_R^-$) were defined together with a method to decompose the wave equation in a previous work. Here the energy operators are defined following the order of their derivatives ($Psi_k^+$, $Psi_k^-$, k = {0,1,2,..}). The main part of the work is to demonstrate that for any smooth real-valued function f in the Schwartz space ($S^-(R)$), the successive derivatives of the n-th power of f (n in Z and n not equal to 0) can be decomposed using only $Psi_k^+$ (Lemma) or with $Psi_k^+$, $Psi_k^-$ (k in Z) (Theorem) in a unique way (with more restrictive conditions). Some properties of the Kernel and the Image of the energy operators are given along with the development. Finally, the paper ends with the application to the energy function.
description: The paper was accepted for publication at Acta Applicandae Mathematicae (15/05/2013) based on v3. v4 is very similar to v3 except that we modified slightly Definition 1 to make it more readable when showing the decomposition with the families of energy operator of the derivatives of the n-th power of f
Vector and axial-vector couplings of D and D* mesons in 2+1 flavor Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Can, K. U.
name: Erkol, G.
name: Oka, M.
name: Ozpineci, A.
name: Takahashi, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the axial-vector coupling and the electromagnetic form factors of the D and D* mesons in 2+1 flavor Lattice QCD, we compute the D*Dπ, DDρand D*D*ρcoupling constants, which play an important role in describing the charm hadron interactions in terms of meson-exchange models. We also extract the charge radii of D and D* mesons and determine the contributions of the light and charm quarks separately.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures; added references and comments, published version
HBV-CARE Networking Day Report.docx
Creators: name: Waddilove, Elizabeth
name: Matthews, Philippa
name: Delphin, Marion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified
Infectious diseases
Behavioural epidemiology
Social epidemiology
Disease surveillance

description: A systematic report of the HBV-CARE (Clinicians, Advocates and Researchers Exchange) group networking day held at The Francis Crick Institute. This newly developed network brings together clinicians, patient advocates and researchers across multidisciplinary fields to discuss and implement new ways to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV), putting the patient voice at the forefront of research.
Gaussification through decoherence
Creators: name: Marian, Paulina
name: Ghiu, Iulia
name: Marian, Tudor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the loss of nonclassicality and non-Gaussianity of a single-mode state of the radiation field in contact with a thermal reservoir. The damped density matrix for a Fock-diagonal input is written using the Weyl expansion of the density operator. Analysis of the evolution of the quasiprobability densities reveals the existence of two successive characteristic times of the reservoir which are sufficient to assure the positivity of the Wigner function and, respectively, of the $P$ representation. We examine the time evolution of non-Gaussianity using three recently introduced distance-type measures. They are based on the Hilbert-Schmidt metric, the relative entropy, and the Bures metric. Specifically, for an $M$-photon-added thermal state, we obtain a compact analytic formula of the time-dependent density matrix that is used to evaluate and compare the three non-Gaussianity measures. We find a good consistency of these measures on the sets of damped states. The explicit damped quasiprobability densities are shown to support our general findings regarding the loss of negativities of Wigner and $P$ functions during decoherence. Finally, we point out that Gaussification of the attenuated field mode is accompanied by a nonmonotonic evolution of the von Neumann entropy of its state conditioned by the initial value of the mean photon number.
description: Published version. Comments are welcome
Black holes in Truncated Higher Spin AdS$_3$ Gravity
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Long, Jiang
name: Wang, Yi-nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the higher spin black holes in a truncated version of higher spin gravity in $AdS_3$. This theory contains only finite number of even spins s=2,4,...,2N. We mainly focus on the simplest case, so-called (Type I and II) spin ${\tilde 4}$ gravity, which contains only spin 2 and spin 4 fields. This spin ${\tilde 4}$ gravity is as simple as spin 3 gravity, thus provides another example to test various ideas on higher spin gravity. We find that the asymptotical symmetry of this spin ${\tilde 4}$ gravity is a classical W(2,4)-symmetry. Moreover, we study the black hole solution with pure spin 4 hair and discuss its thermodynamics. One important feature of this black hole is that its entropy could be written in compact forms. Furthermore, we investigate a $G_2$ generated higher spin gravity. This higher spin gravity only contains spin 2 and spin 6 fields which makes it different from other kinds of higher spin gravity. We find the corresponding black hole with spin 6 hair, and discuss its thermodynamics analytically. It turns out that the black holes with spin 4 or spin 6 hair constructed in this paper are the only black holes with single higher spin hair, besides the spin 3 black hole found in arXiv:1103.4304.
description: 23 pages;minor revision, references added; published version
Measuring Top Quark Polarization in Top Pair plus Missing Energy Events
Creators: name: Berger, Edmond L.
name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Yu, Jiang-Hao
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization of a top quark can be sensitive to new physics beyond the standard model. Since the charged lepton from top quark decay is maximally correlated with the top quark spin, it is common to measure the polarization from the distribution in the angle between the charged lepton and the top quark directions. We propose a novel method based on the charged lepton energy fraction and illustrate the method with a detailed simulation of top quark pairs produced in supersymmetric top squark pair production. We show that the lepton energy ratio distribution that we define is very sensitive to the top quark polarization but insensitive to the precise measurement of the top quark energy.
description: References added. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Interpretation of the triad orientations in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Schell, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loop quantum cosmology allows for arbitrary superpositions of the triad variable. We show here how these superpositions can become indistinguishable from a classical mixture by the interaction with fermions. We calculate the reduced density matrix for a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi I model and show that the purity factor for the triads decreases by decoherence. In this way, the universe assumes a definite orientation.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, additional conceptual and linguistic clarifications
From dust to planetesimals: an improved model for collisional growth in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Garaud, Pascale
name: Meru, Farzana
name: Galvagni, Marina
name: Olczak, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet formation occurs within the gas and dust rich environments of protoplanetary disks. Observations of these objects show that the growth of primordial sub micron sized particles into larger aggregates occurs at the earliest stages of the disks. However, theoretical models of particle growth that use the Smoluchowski equation to describe collisional coagulation and fragmentation have so far failed to produce large particles while maintaining a significant populations of small grains. This has been generally attributed to the existence of two barriers impeding growth due to bouncing and fragmentation of colliding particles. In this paper, we demonstrate that the importance of these barriers has been artificially inflated through the use of simplified models that do not take into account the stochastic nature of the particle motions within the gas disk. We present a new approach in which the relative velocities between two particles is described by a probability distribution function that models both deterministic motion and stochastic motion. Taking both into account can give quite different results to what has been considered recently in other studies. We demonstrate the vital effect of two "ingredients" for particle growth: the proper implementation of a velocity distribution function that overcomes the bouncing barrier and, in combination with mass transfer in high-mass-ratio collisions, boosts the growth of larger particles beyond the fragmentation barrier. A robust result of our simulations is the emergence of two particle populations (small and large), potentially explaining simultaneously a number of long-standing problems in protoplanetary disks, including planetesimal formation close to the central star, the presence of mm to cm size particles far out in the disk, and the persistence of micron-size grains for millions of years.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Additional appendix included. Minor changes from previous versions. 46 pages, 10 figures
Increased surface flashover voltage in microfabricated devices
Creators: name: Sterling, R. C.
name: Hughes, M. D.
name: Mellor, C. J.
name: Hensinger, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the demand for improved performance in microfabricated devices, the necessity to apply greater electric fields and voltages becomes evident. When operating in vacuum, the voltage is typically limited by surface flashover forming along the surface of a dielectric. By modifying the fabrication process we have discovered it is possible to more than double the flashover voltage. Our finding has significant impact on the realization of next-generation micro- and nano-fabricated devices and for the fabrication of on-chip ion trap arrays for the realization of scalable ion quantum technology.
Unified Bertotti-Robinson and Melvin Spacetimes
Creators: name: Halilsoy, M.
name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a solution for the Einstein-Maxwell (EM) equations which unifies both the magnetic Bertotti-Robinson (BR) and Melvin (ML) solutions as a single metric in the axially symmetric coordinates ${t,ρ,z,φ} $. Depending on the strength of magnetic field the spacetime manifold, unlike the cases of separate BR and ML spacetime, develops singularity on the symmetry axis ($ρ=0$). Our analysis shows, beside other things that there are regions inaccessible to all null geodesics.
description: 8 pages 3 figures, major revision