Actinopus dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitao 1923
Creators: name: Miglio, Laura Tavares
name: Pérez-Miles, Fernando
name: Bonaldo, Alexandre B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Actinopodidae
Actinopus
Actinopus dubiomaculatus

description: Actinopus dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitão, 1923
Figs 108–112, Map 6
Actinopus dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitão, 1923: 20 (holotype ♂, Franca, S„o Paulo, Brazil, MZSP, not located); World Spider Catalog, 2020.
Note. The material examined can be identified as A. dubiomaculatus by patterns of diagnostic coloration of articles legs, cephalothorax and chelicerae, the average of total length, the size of the ventral metatarsal and tarsal pseudoscopulae and tibia without spines in dorsal view. The material examined can be recognized as A. dubiomaculatus by the geographic distribution in the state of S„o Paulo, with the addition of material provided by the present work extended to Mato Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul.
Diagnosis. Males of A. dubiomaculatus resemble those of A. crassipes (Fig. 107 A–C) and A. laventana (Fig. 129 A–C) by PA being continuous to PI, and those of all species of the group crassipes, except A. laventana and A. paranensis (Fig. 115 A–C), by BTA placed medially on prolateral tegular surface. They resemble those of all species of group crassipes, except A. crassipes, by the serrated area distal to PAc, continuous to proximal area of PAc (Fig. 112 A–C). Males resemble those of A. pusillus (Fig. 118 A–C) and A. paranensis by the tibiae, tarsi and metatarsi being paler than the other articles. They differ from those of all other species of the group by the ventral scopulae occupying 25% of the distal portion of tarsi II and metatarsi IV, with diffuse setae; paraembolic apophysis inconspicuous (Fig. 112 A, C); basal portion of sternum tapering (Fig. 108 C). Females of A. dubiomaculatus (Fig. 112 D–H) differ from those of A. laventana (Fig. 129 D) by the receptacles lacking lateral swelling; the s cutum delicate and slightly sclerotized and occupying ca. 1/3 of abdomen dorsum (Fig. 110 A).
MALE (MZSP 7636): Total length 7.79; Carapace, long 3.96; wide 4.22.Carapace anterior part rounded.Eyes. Anterior row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved (Fig. 108 B). Few bristles between AME-clypeus and forming recurved rows on interdistances PME–PME and PLE–PLE. Sternum with eight sigilla weakly demarcated and fused medially, and shape of basal portion of sternum tapering (Fig. 108 C). Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, with row of strong spines apically (Fig. 108 E–F). Subunguinal sulci of chelicerae with small and widespread denticles. Prolateral row with teeth decreasing in size in distal-proximal way. Retrolateral row with subequal teeth in size (Fig. 108 D). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well developed thorns, not interrupted in middle (Fig. 109 A–B). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face, along of articles, and one dorsal spine (Fig. 109 A, C). Tibia IV without spines on dorsal surface (Fig. 109 D). Ventral scopula occupying 100% of tarsi III and IV, and occupying 25% of the tarsi II and metatarsi IV, with diffuse bristles in distal area of articles. Carapace and chelicerae pale brown; sternum yellowish-brown, coxae, trochantera, femora and patellae pale brown; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi orange; Abdomen pale gray, with smooth scutum, where bases of bristles are more chitinized than the rest of abdomen (Fig. 108 A). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.17, PLE 0.21, ALE 0.17, AME 0.3; MOQ: Length 0.67, front width 0.53, back width 1.28; Interdistances: PME–PME 1, PLE–PME 0.06, AME–AME 0.15, ALE–AME 0.44, ALE–PLE 0.23, AME–PME 0.31. Ocular area: OAL 2.9, OAW 2.2, and IF 1.63. Body: Clypeus: 0.16; Fovea: 1.63; Labium: long 0.9; wide 0.72; Chelicerae: long 2.34; wide 1.24; Sternum: long 2.97; wide 2.39. Abdomen: long 3.83; wide 3.4. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4.6/ Pa 1.79/ Ti 2.86/ Me 3.39/ Ta 2.12/ total 14.76. II: 1.77/ 4.31/ 2.71/ 1.96/ 2.82/ 13.57. III: 3.21/ 1.84/ 1.8/ 3.41/ 2.39/ 12.65. IV: 4.41/ 1.94/ 3.05/ 3.86/ 2.47/ 15.73. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v2-3-7, d0, p0-0-1, r0-0-2; Me v2-3-3, d0, p1-1-2, r1-3-4; ta v0-2-3, d0, p1-2-2, r0-2-2. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v3-5-4, d0, p0-0-1, r0-3-4; Me v1-2-4, d0, p2-1-2, r3-3-2; ta v0-0-2, d0, p0-3-5, r0- 3-4. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0-0-1, d2-9-17, p0-0-3, r0-0-3; ti v4-1-4, d1-0-13, p1-1-2, r0-0-1; Me v0-4-3, d2- 1-0, p1-0-2, r0-0-4; ta v0-0-1, d0, p1-1-4, r0-2-2; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0-1-1, d18-9-4, p0, r0; ti v2-2-3, d0, p0-1-1, r0; Me v2-2-1, d0, p1-2-2, r0; ta vx, d0, p0-3- 7, r0-1-0. Palp: BTA developed, displaced medially on prolateral tegular surface; embolus with three developed and well demarcated keels (PAc, PI and PS), in dorsal and retrolateral views. Serrated area distal to PAc, covered by PAc in dorsal view. Serrated area apparent in prolateral and retrolateral views, continuous to proximal sector of PAc. Thin tegulum, smooth PA, continuous to PI (Fig. 112 A–C).
FEMALE (MCN 13243): Total length 11.74; Carapace, long 4.62; wide 4.9. Carapace anterior part square and posterior part triangular. Eyes. Anterior row procurved, posterior row slightly recurved. Long and short bristles between AME-clypeus forming straight and recurved rows between PME–PME and PLE–PLE. Short bristles between AME–ALE and between lateral eyes-edge of carapace (Fig. 110 B). Sternum with eight sigilla strongly fused medially (Fig. 110 C). Rastellum protuberant, digitiform, with prolateral part subquadrate, hirsute, with many short spines covering the dorsal rastellum (Fig. 110 E–F). Small denticles widespread in subunguinal sulci of chelicera. Prolateral row decreasing in size in distal-proximal way. Retrolateral row of teeth, basally, with small denticles in middle of teeth (Fig. 110 D). Patella and tibia III with distal developed crowns of thorns (Fig. 111 A–B). Patella IV with prolaterodorsal short spines along extension of article (Fig. 111 C). Tibia IV without spines and with long bristles on dorsal and prolaterodorsal surfaces (Fig. 111 D). Without scopula. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum and legs yellowish-brown; abdomen pale brown with a slightly sclerotized scutum, which occupies about 1/3 of the abdomen (Fig. 110 A). 14 labial cuspules, 96 on right maxilla and 103 on left. Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.13, PLE 0.24, ALE 0.25, AME 0.19; MOQ: Length 0.81, front width 0,57, back width 1.56; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.23, PLE–PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.19, ALE–AME 0.65, ALE–PLE 0.51, AME–PME 0.52. Ocular area: OAL 4.16, OAW 2.64, and IF 2.25. Body: Clypeus: 0.18; Fovea: 2.26; Labium: long 1.47; wide 1.06; Chelicerae: long 3.32; wide 1.93; Sternum: long 3.24; wide 2.97. Abdomen: long 7.12; wide 5.74. Leg measurements: I: Fe 2.75/ Pa 1.84/ Ti 1.13/ Me 1.64/ Ta 1.17/ total 8.53. II: 2.84/ 1.87/ 1.06/ 1.66/ 1.04/ 8.47. III: 2.67/ 2.15/ 0.64/ 1.73/ 1.1/ 8.29. IV: 3.64/ 2.25/ 1.62/ 2.08/ 1.18/ 10.77. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-1-1, d0, p0-0-2, r1-3-3; Me v0-4-3, d0, p2-4-3, r2-6-3; ta v0-1-3, d0, p3-5-2, r3- 3-4. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0, r9-14-12; Me v0-3-4, d0, p0-3-3, r0-6-4; ta v0-1-4, d0, p4-3-2, r2-2-4. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-1-33, p1- 0-0, r0-6-7; ti v0, d9-10-18, p0-0-2, r1-5-9; Me v0-0-4, d3-6-7, p0, r2-7-6; ta v15-21-13, d6-9-10, p2-4-3, r0-4-5; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d19-25-10, p2-2-1, r0; ti v0, d0, p0-2-0, r0; Me v0-0-3, d0-0-2, p0-3-2, r0; ta v1-9-10, d0-2-3, p1-4-3, r0-2-3. Spermathecae: Represented by two seminal receptacles, bilobed, longer than wide, with short duct. External lobes longer than internal lobes. Pore distribution reaching 75% of apical area of each receptacle (Fig. 112 D–H).
VARIATION
MALES (n=10): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.14–0.22, PLE 0.16–0.22,ALE 0.15–0.44, AME 0.2–0.39; MOQ: Length 0.56–0.89, front width 0.51–0.78, back width 1.16–1.56; Interdistances: PME–PME 0.87–1.22, PLE–PME 0.03– 0.17, AME–AME 0.11–0.67, ALE–AME 0.39–0.56, ALE–PLE 0.23–044, AME–PME 0.28–0.40. Ocular area: OAL 2.67–4, OAW 1.84–3, and IF 1.44–1.91. Body: Total length: 6.53–12.33; Carapace: long 3.18– 5.33; wide 3.67–5; Clypeus: 0.09–0.22; Fovea: 1.36–2; Labium: long 0.9–1.22; wide 0.7–1.11; Chelicerae: long 1.78–2.78; wide 1.1–1.56; Sternum: long 2.52–3.44; wide 2.13–3. Abdomen: long 3.42–6.89; wide 2.98–5.11. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4–5.56/ Pa 1.64–2.33/ Ti 2.39–3.33/ Me 2.8–4.22/ Ta 2.02–2.78/ total 12.85–17.89. II: 4.05– 5.11/ 1.65–2.22/ 2.39–3.22/ 1.96–4.33/ 2.07–2.82/ 13.16– 17.56. III: 2.96–4/ 1.34–2.33/ 1.8–3.22/ 2.77–4.44/ 1.99– 2.89/ 10.6–16.33. IV: 3.93–5.67/ 1.82–2.44/ 2.84–4.44/ 2.75–4.78/ 2.17–3.22/ 13.51–20.22. FEMALES (n=10): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.13–0.3, PLE 0.2–0.4, ALE 0.22–0.35, AME 0.14–0.26; MOQ: Length 0.71–1.4, front width 0.44–0.8, back width 1.27–2.61; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.01–2.09, PLE–PLE 0.06–0.25, AME–AME 0.09–0.22, ALE–AME 0.66–1.45, ALE–PLE 0.48–0.85, AME–PME 0.4–1.08. Ocular area: OAL 3.7–5.46, OAW 2.43–3.59, and IF 1.73–3.34. Body: Total length: 10.96– 16.49; Carapace: Length 4.05–6.04; wide 4.16–6.45; clypeus: 0.11–0.34; fovea: 1.83–3.04; Labium: Length 1.25–2.08; wide 0.88–1.49; Chelicera: length 2.65–4; wide 1.72–2.55; Sternum: length 2.86–4.42; wide 2.57– 4.25. Abdomen: length 6.28–9.25; wide 4.51–7.13. Legs: I: Fe 2.4–3.71/ Pa 1.64–2.47/ Ti 1.08–1.7/ Me 1.3–2.16/ Ta 0.79–1.23/ total 7.37–11.16. II: 2.36–3.69/ 1.48–2.46/ 1.06–1.63/ 1.33–2.25/ 0.59–1.31/ 6.93–11.31. III: 2.28– 3.51/ 1.9–2.86/ 0.64–1.21/ 1.26–2.31/ 0.69–1.31/ 7.03– 10.56. IV: 3.09–4.85/ 1.99–2.92/ 1.62–2.51/ 1.01–2.73/ 0.65–1.43/ 9.52–14.29. Spermathecae: Varies subtly in the apex format (Fig. 112 A–H). Carapace and chelicerae in specimens recently fixed dark-brown; brown sternum; dark-brown legs; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi orange; abdomen gray.
Distribution. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais; Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande; S„o Paulo: Jaboticabal, Campos do Jord„o, Itu, Pirapora do Bom Jesus, Santana de Parnaíba, Guarulhos, Barueri, Suzano, S„o Paulo, Itapevi, Cotia, Embu, S„o Bernardo do Campo, Praia Grande, Pirassununga; Rio Grande do Sul: Santa Maria, Camobi, Viam„o, Passo do Vigário, Guaíba (Map 6).
Examined material. BRAZIL: 1♂ (MZSP 165); Minas Gerais: [15º 38’ S 49º 57’ W], 1♂, iii.1962, S. Kawall leg. (IBSP 103597); Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande, [20° 26’ 59.9994” S 54° 37’ 0.0006” W], 1♂, 21.ii.1993 (IBSP 110495); S„o Paulo: Jaboticabal, [21° 15’ 59.9976” S 48° 19’ 0.0012” W] 1♂, iii.1954, J. Paranelli leg. (IBSP 103199); Brooklin, [21º 40’ 44” S 49º 44’ 33” W], 1♂, 06.ii.1962, F. Grossman leg. (MZSP 8278); Boa Esperança do Sul, [21º 59’ S 48º 23’ W], 1♂, 8.vii.1948, Delegacia de Polícia de Boa Esperança leg. (IBSP 101523); Campos do Jord „o, [22° 43’ 59.9982” S 45° 34’ 59.9988” W], 1♂, iii.1963, S. Kawall leg. (IBSP 103646); Itu, [23° 15’ 59.9976” S 47° 19’ 0.0012” W], 1♂, 27.ii.1998, J. Weber leg. (IBSP 110587); 07.ii.2002, A. C. G. Ribeiro leg. (IBSP 109529); iii.2006, C. Pavanis L. leg. (IBSP 113460); Centro de Animais Peçonhentos, [23º 15’ 60” S 47º 17’ 59” W], 1♂, 25.i.2005, R. D´Avila leg. (IBSP 112340); Pirapora do Bom Jesus, [23° 23’ 59.9994” S 47° 0’ 0” W], 1♂ (IBSP 114530); Santana de Parnaíba, [23º 26’ 39” S 46º 55’ 04” W], 1♂, 20.ii.1987, V. Fernandes leg. (IBSP 110483); 2♂ (IBSP 142546); (3 km do Centro de Santana de Parnaíba), 1♂, V. 07.ii.1987, Fernandes leg. (IBSP 110572); Guarulhos, [23º 27’ 47” S 46º 31’ 59” W], 1♂, M. Andrade leg. (IBSP 110560); Barueri, [23° 30’ 59.9976” S 46° 52’ 59.9988” W], 1♂, 20.i.1966, K. Lenko leg. (MZSP 5706); Suzano, [23° 31’ 59.9982” S 46° 19’ 59.9988” W], 1♂, 04.i.1995, R. Martins leg. (IBSP 110485); Distrito de Guaianases, [23º 32’ 36” S 46º 24’ 38” W] 1♂, ii.1950, M. Carrera leg. (MZSP 22117); Ipiranga, [23º 32’ S 46º 38’ W], 1♂ B. A. M. Soares leg. (MZSP 22116); ii.1924, R. Spitz leg. (MZSP 3144); i.1929, R. Spitz leg.(MZSP22120); V.1941, J. Barroso leg. (MZSP 3142); 1941, Nuncio leg. (MZSP 3160); i.1942, Lane leg. (MZSP 3143); 20.ii.1942, G. Pastore leg. (MZSP 22123); F. Lane leg. (MZSP 22119); Horto do Museu do Ipiranga, [23º 32’ 52” S 46º 38’ 09” W], 1♂, 30.iii.1949, Rabello leg. (MZSP 8276); Itapevi, [23° 33’ S 46° 55’ W], 1♂, 17.iii.1995, C. L. A. Santos leg. (IBSP 110480); S„o Paulo, [23º 33’ S 46º 37’ W], 1♂, 1944 (MZSP 8524, IBSP 114529); 21.ii.1992, N. P. Emerique leg. (IBSP 110574); 27.iii.2002, C. Hulten leg. (IBSP 119631); Campus da Universidade de S„o Paulo (USP), [23° 33’ 52.0518” S 46° 42’ 51.3396” W], 1♂, 02.iv.2007, L. M. Almeida leg. (IBSP 113640); Butantan, [23º 35’ 23” S 46º 45’ 24” W], 1♂, J. de Souza leg. (IBSP 103808); ii.1971, J. Soller Lopes leg. (IBSP 104091); Morumbi, [23° 35’ 46.2798” S 46° 42’ 15.642” W], 2♂, i.1960, C. Ostrand leg. (IBSP 103525); Cotia, [23° 36’ S 46° 55’ W], 1♂, 05.iii.1990, F. M. G. Silva leg. (IBSP 110585); 08.i.2006, L. C. dos Santos leg. (IBSP 113260); Embu, [23° 38’ 59.9994” S 46° 51’ 0” W] 2♂, xii.1980, V. R. von Eickstedt leg. (IBSP 104534); 1♂ (IBSP 104225); 1♂, V. R. D. Eickstedt leg. (IBSP 110572); são Bernardo do Campo, [23° 41’ 59.9994” S 46° 32’ 59.9994” W] 1♂, ii.1926, F. Spitz leg. (MZSP 7635); 1♂, iii.1927, R. Spitz leg. (MZSP 7636); Praia Grande, [24° 0’ 0” S 46° 23’ 59.9994” W], 1♂, 1945, M. Carrera leg. (MZSP 7811); Rio Grande do Sul: Santa Maria, [29º 41’ 04” S 53º 48’ 25” W], Camobi, 1♀, IX–X.1989, N. Samarila leg. (IBSP 110565); Viam „o, [30° 4’ 59.9982” S 51° 1’ 59.9982” W], 1♀ 1♂, 13.iii.1985, M.C. Balestrin leg. (MCN 13243); 1♀, 07.iv.1995, C. S. Azevedo leg. (MCTP 3059, MCTP 4834); 3♀, 08.iv.1995, C.S. Azevedo leg. (MCN 28470); 1♀, 07.iv.1996, C. S. Azevedo leg. (MCTP 17681); 1♀, 18.iv.1994, R. Balestrin leg. (MCTP 6222); Passo do Vigário, [30° 5’ 26.7144” S 50° 58’ 35.5434” W], 3♀, 22.iii.1993, R. Balestrin leg. (MCTP 3074); Guaíba, [30° 6’ 51.048” S 2847051° 19’ 41.2068” W], Sert „o Santana, 1♀, 10.iv.1985, M. Rosenau leg. (MCN 13253).
Material examined (burned in fire). BRAZIL: S„o Paulo: Pirassununga, Cachoeira da Ema, [21º 55’ 01” S 47º 20’ 59” W] 1♂, 03.x.1982, F. Molina leg. (IBSP 108609); S„o Paulo [23° 32’ 56” S 46° 38’ 20” W], 1♂ (114528); vii.1975, A. S. Gomes leg. (IBSP 115434).
description: Published as part of Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), pp. 1-256 in Megataxa 2 (1) on pages 120-128, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.2.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5597237