cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linking topological features of the Hofstadter model to optical diffraction figures
Creators: name: Di Colandrea, Francesco
name: D'Errico, Alessio
name: Maffei, Maria
name: Price, Hannah M.
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
name: Cardano, Filippo
name: Dauphin, Alexandre
name: Massignan, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two, three and even four spatial dimensions, the transverse responses experienced by a charged particle on a lattice in a uniform magnetic field are fully controlled by topological invariants called Chern numbers, which characterize the energy bands of the underlying Hofstadter Hamiltonian. These remarkable features, solely arising from the magnetic translational symmetry, are captured by Diophantine equations which relate the fraction of occupied states, the magnetic flux and the Chern numbers of the system bands. Here we investigate the close analogy between the topological properties of Hofstadter Hamiltonians and the diffraction figures resulting from optical gratings. In particular, we show that there is a one-to-one relation between the above mentioned Diophantine equation and the Bragg condition determining the far-field positions of the optical diffraction peaks. As an interesting consequence of this mapping, we discuss how the robustness of diffraction figures to structural disorder in the grating is a direct analogue of the robustness of transverse conductance in the Quantum Hall effect.
The Lukash Plane-Wave Attractor and Relative Energy
Creators: name: Korunur, Murat
name: Salti, Mustafa
name: Aydogdu, Oktay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0411070, "Structure and stability of the Lukash plane-wave spacetime," by John D. Barrow and Christos G. Tsagas; and gr-qc/0205028, "Gravitational Energy of Kerr and Kerr Anti-de Sitter Space-times in the Teleparallel Geometry," by J. F. da Rocha-neto and K. H. Castello-Branco.
description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
KIC 2852961 – a superflaring red monster in the Kepler field
Creators: name: Kővári, Zs.
name: Oláh, K.
name: Günther, M.N.
name: Vida, K.
name: Kriskovics, L.
name: Seli, B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: magnetic activity
flares
superflares
late-type stars
stars: individual: KIC 2852961

description: Superflares on giant stars have up to 100,000 times more energy than the high energy solar flares. However, it is disputed, whether scaling up a solar-type dynamo could explain such a magnitude difference. We investigate the flaring activity of KIC 2852961, a late-type spotted giant. We seek for flares in the Kepler Q0-Q17 datasets by an automated technique together with visual inspection. Flare occurence rate and flare energies are analyzed and compared to flare statistics of different targets with similar flare activity at different energy levels. We find that the flare energy distribution of KIC 2852961 does not seem to be consistent with that of superflares on solar-type stars. Also, we believe that in case of KIC 2852961 spot activity should have an important role in producing such superflares.
Existence of optimal maps in the reflector-type problems
Creators: name: Gangbo, Wilfrid
name: Oliker, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 35J65

description: In this paper, we consider probability measures $μ$ and $ν$ on a $d$--dimensional sphere in $\Rd, d \geq 1,$ and cost functions of the form $c(\x,\y)=l(\frac{|\x-\y|^2}{2})$ that generalize those arising in geometric optics where $l(t)=-\log t.$ We prove that if $μ$ and $ν$ vanish on $(d-1)$--rectifiable sets, if $|l'(t)|>0,$ $\lim_{t\to 0^+}l(t)=+\infty,$ and $g(t):=t(2-t)(l'(t))^2$ is monotone then there exists a unique optimal map $T_o$ that transports $μ$ onto $ν,$ where optimality is measured against $c.$ Furthermore, $\inf_{\x}|T_o\x-\x|>0.$ Our approach is based on direct variational arguments. In the special case when $l(t)=-\log t,$ existence of optimal maps on the sphere was obtained earlier by Glimm-Oliker and independently by X.-J. Wang under more restrictive assumptions. In these studies, it was assumed that either $μ$ and $ν$ are absolutely continuous with respect to the $d$--dimensional Haussdorff measure, or they have disjoint supports. Another aspect of interest in this work is that it is in contrast with a result by Gangbo-McCann who proved that when $l(t)=t$ then existence of an optimal map fails when $μ$ and $ν$ are supported by Jordan surfaces.
The Flare and Warp of the Young Stellar Disk traced with LAMOST DR5 OB-type stars
Creators: name: Yu, Yang
name: Wang, Hai-Feng
name: Cui, Wen-Yuan
name: Li, Lin-Lin
name: Liu, Chao
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Tian, Hao
name: Huo, Zhen-Yan
name: Ju, Jie
name: Liu, Zhi-Cun
name: Wen, Fang
name: Feng, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of the spatial density structure for the outer disk from 8$-$14 \,kpc with the LAMOST DR5 13534 OB-type stars and observe similar flaring on north and south sides of the disk implying that the flaring structure is symmetrical about the Galactic plane, for which the scale height at different Galactocentric distance is from 0.14 to 0.5 \,kpc. By using the average slope to characterize the flaring strength we find that the thickness of the OB stellar disk is similar but flaring is slightly stronger compared to the thin disk as traced by red giant branch stars, possibly implying that secular evolution is not the main contributor to the flaring but perturbation scenarios such as interactions with passing dwarf galaxies should be more possible. When comparing the scale height of OB stellar disk of the north and south sides with the gas disk, the former one is slightly thicker than the later one by $\approx$ 33 and 9 \,pc, meaning that one could tentatively use young OB-type stars to trace the gas properties. Meanwhile, we unravel that the radial scale length of the young OB stellar disk is 1.17 $\pm$ 0.05 \,kpc, which is shorter than that of the gas disk, confirming that the gas disk is more extended than stellar disk. What is more, by considering the mid-plane displacements ($Z_{0}$) in our density model we find that almost all of $Z_{0}$ are within 100 \,pc with the increasing trend as Galactocentric distance increases.
description: 14 pages and 8 figures, Accepted by APJ for publication
Precision tomography of a three-qubit donor quantum processor in silicon
Creators: name: Mądzik, Mateusz T.
name: Asaad, Serwan
name: Youssry, Akram
name: Joecker, Benjamin
name: Rudinger, Kenneth M.
name: Nielsen, Erik
name: Young, Kevin C.
name: Proctor, Timothy J.
name: Baczewski, Andrew D.
name: Laucht, Arne
name: Schmitt, Vivien
name: Hudson, Fay E.
name: Itoh, Kohei M.
name: Jakob, Alexander M.
name: Johnson, Brett C.
name: Jamieson, David N.
name: Dzurak, Andrew S.
name: Ferrie, Christopher
name: Blume-Kohout, Robin
name: Morello, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear spins were among the first physical platforms to be considered for quantum information processing, because of their exceptional quantum coherence and atomic-scale footprint. However, their full potential for quantum computing has not yet been realized, due to the lack of methods to link nuclear qubits within a scalable device combined with multi-qubit operations with sufficient fidelity to sustain fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here we demonstrate universal quantum logic operations using a pair of ion-implanted 31P donor nuclei in a silicon nanoelectronic device. A nuclear two-qubit controlled-Z gate is obtained by imparting a geometric phase to a shared electron spin, and used to prepare entangled Bell states with fidelities up to 94.2(2.7)%. The quantum operations are precisely characterised using gate set tomography (GST), yielding one-qubit average gate fidelities up to 99.95(2)%, two-qubit average gate fidelity of 99.37(11)% and two-qubit preparation/measurement fidelities of 98.95(4)%. These three metrics indicate that nuclear spins in silicon are approaching the performance demanded in fault-tolerant quantum processors. We then demonstrate entanglement between the two nuclei and the shared electron by producing a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger three-qubit state with 92.5(1.0)% fidelity. Since electron spin qubits in semiconductors can be further coupled to other electrons or physically shuttled across different locations, these results establish a viable route for scalable quantum information processing using donor nuclear and electron spins.
description: 51 pages, including supplementary information. v3 reflects the final published version
Exploring the photometric variability of ultra-cool dwarfs
Creators: name: Petrucci, Romina
name: Gómez Maqueo Chew, Yilen
name: Jofré, Emiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Very low mass stars

description: Ultra-cool dwarfs (UCDs) are objects with effective temperatures below 3000 K that include fully-convective, very-low mass stars and brown dwarfs. These faint objects mainly emit in the near-infrared and, thus, it is very difficult to perform photometric stellar activity studies using optical ground-based telescopes with limited observation times. However, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) offers a unique opportunity to describe and quantify the optical flare rates and variability of these targets through high-precision photometry in order to understand the mechanisms involved in the generation of such intrinsic activity. Hence, in this contribution, we present preliminary results of a search for flares and rotation periods in a sample of UCDs observed in 2-minutes cadence with the space mission TESS.
description: {"references": ["Scargle, J. D. 1982, ApJ, 263, 835", "Kirkpatrick et al. 1995, AJ, 109, 797", "Ricker et al. 2015, JATIS, 1, 014003", "Jenkins, J. M., Twicken, J. D., McCauliff, S., et al. 2016, SPIE Conference Series, Vol. 9913, The TESS science processing operations center, 99133E", "Davenport 2016, ApJ, 829, 23", "Bolmont et al. 2017, MNRAS, 464, 3728", "McQuillan et al. 2013, MNRAS, 432, 1203", "Miles-P\u00e1ez et al. 2017, MNRAS, 472, 2297", "G\u00fcnther et al. 2020, AJ, 159, 60", "Lightkurve Collaboration, Cardoso, J. V. d. M., Hedges, C., et al. 2018, Lightkurve: Kepler and TESS time series analysis in Python, Astrophysics Source Code Library"]}
Weak solutions and weak-strong uniqueness for a thermodynamically consistent phase-field model
Creators: name: Lasarzik, Robert
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
name: Schimperna, Giulio
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Existence of weak solutions
subject: weak-strong uniqueness
subject: phase transition
subject: local solutions
subject: 35D30
subject: 35D35
subject: 80A22

description: In this paper we prove the existence of weak solutions for a thermodynamically consistent phase-field model introduced in [26] in two and three dimensions of space. We use a notion of solution inspired by [18], where the pointwise internal energy balance is replaced by the total energy inequality complemented with a weak form of the entropy inequality. Moreover, we prove existence of local-in-time strong solutions and, finally, we show weak-strong uniqueness of solutions, meaning that every weak solution coincides with a local strong solution emanating from the same initial data, as long as the latter exists.
Static Cylindrical Symmetric Solutions in the Einstein-Aether Theory
Creators: name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present all the possible solutions for a static cylindrical symmetric spacetime in the Einstein-Aether (EA) theory. As far as we know, this is the first work in the literature that considers cylindrically symmetric solutions in the theory of EA. One of these solutions is the generalization in EA theory of the Levi-Civita (LC) spacetime in General Relativity (GR) theory. We have shown that this generalized LC solution has unusual geodesic properties, depending on the parameter $c_{14}$ of the aether field. The circular geodesics are the same of the GR theory, no matter the values of $c_{14}$. However, the radial and $z$ direction geodesics are allowed only for certain values of $σ$ and $c_{14}$. The $z$ direction geodesics are restricted to an interval of $σ$ different from those predicted by the GR and the radial geodesics show that the motion is confined between the origin and a maximum radius. The latter is not affected by the aether field but the velocity and acceleration of the test particles are Besides, for $0\leqσ<1/2$, when the cylindrical symmetry is preserved, this spacetime is singular at the axis $r=0$, although for $σ>1/2$ exists interval of $c_{14}$ where the spacetime is not singular, which is completely different from that one obtained with the GR theory, where the axis $r=0$ is always singular.
description: 20 pages and 4 figures. Accepted for publication in IJMPD
Το δικαίωμα επαναπρόσληψης και η "απόλυση" των εποχιακά απασχολούμενων ξενοδοχοϋπαλλήλων
Creators: name: Ταμιωλάκης, Εμμανουήλ Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Ξενοδοχοϋπάλληλοι
Δικαίωμα επαναπρόσληψης
Hotel employees
The right of re-hiring

description: Ο τουρισμός στην Ελλάδα αποτελεί μια από τις πιο σημαντικές πηγές δημιουργίας θέσεων εργασίας. Λόγω του εποχικού χαρακτήρα του τουρισμού στη χώρα μας η πλειοψηφία των ξενοδοχειακών επιχειρήσεων δεν λειτουργούν ολόκληρο το έτος. Συνεπώς, η ανάγκη σε εργατικό δυναμικό περιορίζεται στους μήνες λειτουργίας της επιχείρησης. Δικαιολογημένο, λοιπόν, κρίνεται το συμφέρον των εποχικά απασχολούμενων ξενοδοχοϋπαλλήλων να διατηρήσουν τη θέση εργασίας τους και για την επόμενη περίοδο εργασίας. Η ανάγκη εξασφάλισης της απασχόλησης της συγκεκριμένης κατηγορίας εργαζομένων ώθησαν τον έλληνα νομοθέτη να ρυθμίσει την υποχρέωση του εργοδότη να επαναπροσλάβει όσους εργάσθηκαν κατά την προηγούμενη περίοδο εργασίας. Ενόψει του δικαιώματος επαναπρόσληψης διατυπώθηκαν ποικίλες απόψεις σε διάφορα ζητήματα, όπως ο χαρακτηρισμός της σύμβασης εργασίας των εποχικά απασχολούμενων ξενοδοχοϋπαλλήλων από άποψη διάρκειας, η φύση τους δικαιώματος επαναπρόσληψης και η "καταγγελία" της σύμβασης. Η παρούσα μελέτη πραγματεύεται τα ως άνω ζητήματα, αναλύοντας τις απόψεις που έχουν υποστηριχθεί και διατυπώνοντας τη θέση του συγγραφέα επί αυτών.
description: Tourism in Greece is one of the most important job creation sources. Due to the seasonal nature of tourism in Greece the majority of the hospitality businesses do not operate throughout the year. Therefore, the need for manpower is limited to the months in-business of the company. Understandably, there is an interest of seasonally-employed hotel employees to maintain their jobs for the next work period. The need of ensuring the employment of this category of employees motivated the Greek legislator to regulate the employer's obligation to rehire those who worked during the previous period. Upon the right of re-hiring a number of viewpoints were posed in various aspects of it, such as the characterization of the employment contract of seasonally-employed hotel employees in terms of duration, the nature of the right re-hiring, and the "termination" of the contract. This study aims to present the views expressed on the issues mentioned previously and, in several cases, to introduce the author's opinion.
The discrete flavor symmetry D5
Creators: name: Hagedorn, C.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Plentinger, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the standard model (SM) extended by the flavor symmetry D5 and search for a minimal model leading to viable phenomenology. We find that it contains four Higgs fields apart from the three generations of fermions whose left- and left-handed conjugate parts do not transform in the same way under D5. We provide two numerical fits for the case of Dirac and Majorana neutrinos to show the viability of our low energy model. The fits can accommodate all data with the neutrinos being normally ordered. For Majorana neutrinos two of the right-handed neutrinos are degenerate. Concerning the Higgs sector we find that all potentials constructed with three SM-like Higgs doublets transforming as 1+2 under D5 have a further unwanted global U(1) symmetry. Therefore we consider the case of four Higgs fields forming two D5 doublets and show that this potential leads to viable solutions in general, however it does not allow spontaneous CP-violation (SCPV) for an arbitrary vacuum expectation value (VEV) configuration. Finally, we discuss extensions of our model to grand unified theories (GUTs) as well as embeddings of D5 into the continuous flavor symmetries SO(3)_f and SU(3)_f.
description: 22 pages
Testing new physics models with global comparisons to collider measurements: the Contur toolkit
Creators: name: Buckley, A.
name: Butterworth, J. M.
name: Corpe, L.
name: Habedank, M.
name: Huang, D.
name: Yallup, D.
name: Altakach, M.
name: Bassman, G.
name: Lagwankar, I.
name: Rocamonde, J.
name: Saunders, H.
name: Waugh, B.
name: Zilgalvis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements at particle collider experiments, even if primarily aimed at understanding Standard Model processes, can have a high degree of model independence, and implicitly contain information about potential contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model. The Contur package allows users to benefit from the hundreds of measurements preserved in the Rivet library to test new models against the bank of LHC measurements to date. This method has proven to be very effective in several recent publications from the Contur team, but ultimately, for this approach to be successful, the authors believe that the Contur tool needs to be accessible to the wider high energy physics community. As such, this manual accompanies the first user-facing version: Contur v2. It describes the design choices that have been made, as well as detailing pitfalls and common issues to avoid. The authors hope that with the help of this documentation, external groups will be able to run their own Contur studies, for example when proposing a new model, or pitching a new search.
Ultra-large-scale approximations and galaxy clustering: debiasing constraints on cosmological parameters
Creators: name: Martinelli, Matteo
name: Dalal, Roohi
name: Majidi, Fereshteh
name: Akrami, Yashar
name: Camera, Stefano
name: Sellentin, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upcoming galaxy surveys will allow us to probe the growth of the cosmic large-scale structure with improved sensitivity compared to current missions, and will also map larger areas of the sky. This means that in addition to the increased precision in observations, future surveys will also access the ultra-large-scale regime, where commonly neglected effects such as lensing, redshift-space distortions and relativistic corrections become important for calculating correlation functions of galaxy positions. At the same time, several approximations usually made in these calculations, such as the Limber approximation, break down at those scales. The need to abandon these approximations and simplifying assumptions at large scales creates severe issues for parameter estimation methods. On the one hand, exact calculations of theoretical angular power spectra become computationally expensive, and the need to perform them thousands of times to reconstruct posterior probability distributions for cosmological parameters makes the approach unfeasible. On the other hand, neglecting relativistic effects and relying on approximations may significantly bias the estimates of cosmological parameters. In this work, we quantify this bias and investigate how an incomplete modelling of various effects on ultra-large scales could lead to false detections of new physics beyond the standard $Λ$CDM model. Furthermore, we propose a simple debiasing method that allows us to recover true cosmologies without running the full parameter estimation pipeline with exact theoretical calculations. This method can therefore provide a fast way of obtaining accurate values of cosmological parameters and estimates of exact posterior probability distributions from ultra-large-scale observations.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Version matching the one published by MNRAS
Simulating long-range hopping with periodically-driven superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Roses, Mor M.
name: Landa, Haggai
name: Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers are a leading platform for the simulation of many-body physics. This task has been recently facilitated by the possibility to program directly the time-dependent pulses sent to the computer. Here, we use this feature to simulate quantum lattice models with long-range hopping. Our approach is based on an exact mapping between periodically driven quantum systems and one-dimensional lattices in the synthetic Floquet direction. By engineering a periodic drive with a power-law spectrum, we simulate a lattice with long-range hopping, whose decay exponent is freely tunable. We propose and realize experimentally two protocols to probe the long tails of the Floquet eigenfunctions and to identify a scaling transition between weak and strong long-range couplings. Our work offers a useful benchmark of pulse engineering and opens the route towards quantum simulations of rich nonequilibrium effects.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Crust-core interface and bulk neutron star properties
Creators: name: Margaritis, Ch.
name: Koliogiannis, P. S.
name: Kanakis-Pegios, A.
name: Moustakidis, Ch. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear symmetry energy plays an important role in the description of the properties of finite nuclei as well as neutron stars. Especially, for low values of baryon density, the accurate description of the crust-core interface strongly depends on the symmetry energy. Usually, the well known parabolic approximation is employed for the definition of the symmetry energy without avoiding some drawbacks. In the present paper, a class of nuclear models, suitable for the description of the inner and outer core of neutron stars, is applied in studying the effect of higher orders of the expansion of the energy on the location of the crust-core transition. The thermodynamical and dynamical methods are used for the determination of the transition density $n_{\rm t}$ and pressure $P_{\rm t}$. The corresponding energy density functional is applied for the study of some relevant properties of both nonrotating and slowly rotating neutron stars. We found that the larger the value of the slope parameter $L$, the slower the convergence of the expansion. In addition, a universal relation is presented between $n_{\rm t}$ and $L$, by employing the full expression and dynamical approach. The crustal moment of inertia is very sensitive to the location of the transition while the effects are moderated concerning the critical angular velocity of the $r$-mode instability and minimum mass configuration. The effect on the tidal deformability is less but not negligible. In any case, the use of the parabolic approximation leads to the overestimation of $n_{\rm t}$ and $P_{\rm t}$ and consequently, on inaccurate predictions. Moreover, in some cases, even the matching process at the interface may affect considerably the predictions, introducing errors of the same order with the one due to the employed method.
description: v1: 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; v2: 15 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, appendix and updated references; accepted for publication in Physical Review C; v3: matched the published version
Singular matrix models and Kazakov-Migdal Penner model
Creators: name: Paniak, Lori Dean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the past few years there has been renewed interest in the large-N solution of QCD due to a model proposed by Kazkov and Migdal. While this model is formally solvable there exist only two explicit solutions, namely for the cases of the Gaussian and logarithmic (Penner)-type potentials. Here we give the complete solution for the latter and show that the model has critical behaviour for space-time dimension D > 1. As well we point out several inconsistencies in the standard method of solution and expectations from basic considerations.
Spectrally Dispersed K-Band Interferometric Observations of Herbig Ae/Be Sources: Inner Disk Temperature Profiles
Creators: name: Eisner, J. A.
name: Chiang, E. I.
name: Lane, B. F.
name: Akeson, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use spectrally dispersed near-IR interferometry data to constrain the temperature profiles of sub-AU-sized regions of 11 Herbig Ae/Be sources. We find that a single-temperature ring does not reproduce the data well. Rather, models incorporating radial temperature gradients are preferred. These gradients may arise in a dusty disk, or may reflect separate gas and dust components with different temperatures and spatial distributions. Comparison of our models with broadband spectral energy distributions suggests the latter explanation. The data support the view that the near-IR emission of Herbig Ae/Be sources arises from hot circumstellar dust and gas in sub-AU-sized disk regions. Intriguingly, our derived temperature gradients appear systematically steeper for disks around higher mass stars. It is not clear, however, whether this reflects trends in relative dust/gas contributions or gradients within individual components.
description: 29 pages, including 7 figures. Accepted by ApJ
ENDOCRINE DISORDERS IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Creators: name: Yusufjonova, Xurshida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Most endocrine diseases are chronic, with up to 80% of cases occurring in patients with endocrinopathies, primarily diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases, who receive regular outpatient care. For such people, an endocrinologist is most often also a general practitioner, so it is their responsibility to promptly explain to patients with diabetes, thyroid, pituitary and adrenal diseases, and endocrine tumors how to behave in the new conditions of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This infectious disease is most severe in people over 65 years of age with chronic diseases, especially endocrinopathies. This literature review summarizes the current information on the pathogenesis and course of COVID-19, including in the most vulnerable groups. The article provides up-to-date information on measures to prevent infection, the specifics of patient-doctor contact in conditions of self-isolation and quarantine measures, as well as what additional treatment measures are necessary in the development of COVID-19 in patients with the most severe endocrinopathies.
title: Innere Sicherheit
title: Die Rolle des Verfassungsschutzes
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Preußinger, Hans-Heinrich
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Verfassungsschutz
subject: Germany
subject: German secret service for interior affairs

description: Gerade in Zeiten des NSU-Skandals und internationaler Spionage-Affären ist eine Institution in der Bundesrepublik wieder mehr in den Fokus der Öffentlichkeit gerückt: der Verfassungsschutz. Die Rolle des Verfassungsschutzes bei der inneren Sicherheit wird in diesem Beitrag vom Präsidenten des rheinland-pfälzischen Verfassungsschutzes sowie zwei seiner Mitarbeiter genauer dargestellt. Dabei werden zunächst die Strukturen und Kompetenzen der Behörde erläutert (Teil I). Zwei besondere Tätigkeitsfelder - die des Rechtsextremismus sowie des Islamismus - werden im Anschluss daran (Teile II und III) genauer beleuchtet und einige wichtige Erkenntnisse aus diesen Bereichen präsentiert.
GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey III: South Galactic Pole data release
Creators: name: Franzen, T.
name: Hurley-Walker, N.
name: White, S.
name: Hancock, P.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Kapińska, A.
name: Staveley-Smith, L.
name: Wayth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the South Galactic Pole (SGP) data release from the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey. These data combine both years of GLEAM observations at 72-231 MHz conducted with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) and cover an area of 5,113 $\mathrm{deg}^2$ centred on the SGP at 20$^\mathrm{h}$40$^\mathrm{m}$ < RA < 05$^\mathrm{h}$04$^\mathrm{m}$ and $-48°$ < Dec < $-2°$. At 216 MHz, the typical rms noise is $\approx 5$ mJy/beam and the angular resolution $\approx 2$ arcmin. The source catalogue contains a total of 108,851 components above $5σ$, of which 77 per cent have measured spectral indices between 72 and 231 MHz. Improvements to the data reduction in this release include the use of the GLEAM Extragalactic catalogue as a sky model to calibrate the data, a more efficient and automated algorithm to deconvolve the snapshot images, and a more accurate primary beam model to correct the flux scale. This data release enables more sensitive large-scale studies of extragalactic source populations as well as spectral variability studies on a one-year timescale.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASA. Added link to images and source catalogue from GLEAM SGP data release in section 5. Corrected some mistakes in column numbers in section 4.5 describing catalogue. The catalogue is now also available on VizieR
Simulation of a Zenith-Field Sky Survey on RATAN-600
Creators: name: Majorova, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we simulate a deep multi-frequency zenith-field sky survey on RATAN-600 (the RZF survey). In our simulations we use the 1.4 GHz sky images obtained in the NVSS survey. We convolved NVSS images with the two-dimensional power beam pattern of RATAN-600 and obtain simulated 24-hour scans of sky transits at all wavelengths of the RZF survey. For the 7.6 cm wavelength we analyze the effect of the image area size on the results of the simulation. We estimate the accuracy of the determination of source fluxes on simulated scans and derive the distributions of the spectral indices of the sources. We use the simulated scans to clean real records of the RZF survey at 7.6 cm. The standard error of the residual noise at this wavelength is about 1 mJy.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures
A Structured Optimal Controller with Feed-Forward for Transportation
Creators: name: Heyden, Martin
name: Pates, Richard
name: Rantzer, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study an optimal control problem for a simple transportation model on a path graph. We give a closed form solution for the optimal controller, which can also account for planned disturbances using feed-forward. The optimal controller is highly structured, which allows the controller to be implemented using only local communication, conducted through two sweeps through the graph.
On the possibility of unifying the electromagnetic and the gravitational fields
Creators: name: Nordström, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first paper by Gunnar Nordstr{ö}m (1881--1923) on his five dimensional theory. In his summary he states: ''It is shown, that a unifying treatment of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields is possible, if one considers the four dimensional spacetime world to be a surface in a five dimensional world.'' This paper was followed by two other papers written by the Gunnar Nordstr{ö}m during the one year period 1914--1915, on the same subject, which are also made available here.
description: Translation of Gunnar Nordstr{\"o}m's first paper on 5-dimensional ''unified'' theory 1914: ''{\"U}ber die M{\"o}glichkeit, das elektromagnetische Feld und das Gravitationsfeld zu vereinigen''
3-D gas-phase elemental abundances across the formation histories of Milky Way-mass galaxies in the FIRE simulations: initial conditions for chemical tagging
Creators: name: Bellardini, Matthew A.
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Loebman, Sarah R.
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
name: Ma, Xiangcheng
name: Feldmann, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use FIRE-2 simulations to examine 3-D variations of gas-phase elemental abundances of [O/H], [Fe/H], and [N/H] in 11 Milky Way (MW) and M31-mass galaxies across their formation histories at $z \leq 1.5$ ($t_{\rm lookback} \leq 9.4$ Gyr), motivated by characterizing the initial conditions of stars for chemical tagging. Gas within $1$ kpc of the disk midplane is vertically homogeneous to $\lesssim 0.008$ dex at all $z \leq 1.5$. We find negative radial gradients (metallicity decreases with galactocentric radius) at all times, which steepen over time from $\approx -0.01$ dex kpc$^{-1}$ at $z = 1$ ($t_{\rm lookback} = 7.8$ Gyr) to $\approx -0.03$ dex kpc$^{-1}$ at $z = 0$, and which broadly agree with observations of the MW, M31, and nearby MW/M31-mass galaxies. Azimuthal variations at fixed radius are typically $0.14$ dex at $z = 1$, reducing to $0.05$ dex at $z = 0$. Thus, over time radial gradients become steeper while azimuthal variations become weaker (more homogeneous). As a result, azimuthal variations were larger than radial variations at $z \gtrsim 0.8$ ($t_{\rm lookback} \gtrsim 6.9$ Gyr). Furthermore, elemental abundances are measurably homogeneous (to $\lesssim 0.05$ dex) across a radial range of $ΔR \approx 3.5$ kpc at $z \gtrsim 1$ and $ΔR \approx 1.7$ kpc at $z = 0$. We also measure full distributions of elemental abundances, finding typically negatively skewed normal distributions at $z \gtrsim 1$ that evolve to typically Gaussian distributions by $z = 0$. Our results on gas abundances inform the initial conditions for stars, including the spatial and temporal scales for applying chemical tagging to understand stellar birth in the MW.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quasars Probing Quasars II: The Anisotropic Clustering of Optically Thick Absorbers around Quasars
Creators: name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Prochaska, Jason X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With close pairs of quasars at different redshifts, a background quasar sightline can be used to study a foreground quasar's environment in absorption. We used a sample of 17 Lyman limit systems with column density N_HI > 10^19 cm^-2 selected from 149 projected quasar pair sightlines, to investigate the clustering pattern of optically thick absorbers around luminous quasars at z ~ 2.5. Specifically, we measured the quasar-absorber correlation function in the transverse direction, and found a comoving correlation length of r_0=9.2_{+1.5}_{-1.7} Mpc/h (comoving) assuming a power law correlation function, with gamma=1.6. Applying this transverse clustering strength to the line-of-sight, would predict that ~ 15-50% of all quasars should show a N_HI > 10^19 cm^-2 absorber within a velocity window of v < 3000 km/s. This overpredicts the number of absorbers along the line-of-sight by a large factor, providing compelling evidence that the clustering pattern of optically thick absorbers around quasars is highly anisotropic. The most plausible explanationfor the anisotropy is that the transverse direction is less likely to be illuminated by ionizing photons than the line-of-sight, and that absorbers along the line-of-sight are being photoevaporated. A simple model for the photoevaporation of absorbers subject to the ionizing flux of a quasar is presented, and it is shown that absorbers with volume densities n_H < 0.1 cm^-3 will be photoevaporated if they lie within ~ 1 Mpc (proper) of a luminous quasar. Using this simple model, we illustrate how comparisons of the transverse and line-of-sight clustering around quasars can ultimately be used to constrain the distribution of gas in optically thick absorption line systems.
description: 14 pages of emulateapj, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Nanoscale thermal conductivity of Kapton-derived carbonaceous materials
Creators: name: Kondratenko, K.
name: Hourlier, D.
name: Vuillaume, D.
name: Lenfant, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the potentialities of Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) technique as a tool for measuring thermal transporting properties of carbon-derived materials issued from thermal conversion of organic polymers, such as the most commonly known polyimide (PI), Kapton. For quantitative measurements, the Null Point SThM (NP-SThM) technique is used in order to avoid unwanted effects as the parasitic heat flows through the air and the probe cantilever. Kapton HN films were pyrolysed in an inert atmosphere at temperatures up to 1200°C to produce carbon-based residues with varying degree of conversion to free sp2 disordered carbon. The thermal conductivity of carbon materials ranges from 0.2 to 2 Wm-1K-1 depending on the temperature of the carbonization process (varied between 500°C and 1200°C). In order to validate the applicability of NP-SThM approach to these materials, the results were compared to those obtained with the three more traditional techniques, namely photo-thermal radiometry, flash laser analysis and micro-Raman thermometry. It was found that NP SThM data are in excellent agreement with previous work using more traditional techniques. We used the NP-SThM technique to differentiate structural heterogeneities or imperfections at the surface of the pyrolysed Kapton on the basis of measured local thermal conductivity.
Decoherence and asymptotic entanglement in open quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Isar, Aurelian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we determine the degree of quantum decoherence of a harmonic oscillator interacting with a thermal bath. It is found that the system manifests a quantum decoherence which is more and more significant in time. We also calculate the decoherence time and show that it has the same scale as the time after which thermal fluctuations become comparable with quantum fluctuations. Then we solve the master equation for two independent harmonic oscillators interacting with an environment in the asymptotic long-time regime. We give a description of the continuous-variable asymptotic entanglement in terms of the covariance matrix of the quantum states of the considered system for an arbitrary Gaussian input state. Using the Peres-Simon necessary and sufficient condition for separability of two-mode Gaussian states, we show that the two non-interacting systems immersed in a common environment become asymptotically entangled for certain environments, so that in the long-time regime they manifest non-local quantum correlations.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures; talk at the X International Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations (ICSSUR), Bradford, UK (2007)
Characterization of Gravitational Microlensing Planetary Host Stars
Creators: name: Bennett, David P.
name: Anderson, Jay
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational microlensing light curves that reveal the presence of extrasolar planets generally yield the planet-star mass ratio and separation in units of the Einstein ring radius. The microlensing method does not require the detection of light from the planetary host star. This allows the detection of planets orbiting very faint stars, but it also makes it difficult to convert the planet-star mass ratio to a value for the planet mass. We show that in many cases, the lens stars are readily detectable with high resolution space-based follow-up observations in a single passband. When the lens star is detected, the lens-source relative proper motion can also be measured, and this allows the masses of the planet and its host star to be determined and the star-planet separation can be converted to physical units. Observations in multiple passbands provide redundant information, which can be used to confirm this interpretation. For the recently detected super-Earth planet, OGLE-2005-BLG-169Lb, we show that the lens star will definitely be detectable with observations by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) unless it is a stellar remnant. Finally, we show that most planets detected by a space-based microlensing survey are likely to orbit host stars that will be detected and characterized by the same survey.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, May 10, 2007
Glamour, pageantry and knives : gay identity in File megazine [i.e. magazine]
Creators: name: Ballantyne, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the spring of 1972, a Toronto-based artists’ collective caffing itself General Idea began publishing File megazine, which derived its format from Life magazine. Like Life it was a rich mixture of text and imagery which has so far gone unanylized. It incorporated and celebrated the work of an artist’s network and a mail art network both of which were commensurate with an experimental gay aesthetic. The early seventies were marked by the emergence of ‘gay liberation,’ when police harrassment and surveillence were central issues for political action. In this context, the gay artists connected with File were, in various ways, attempting to advance their careers in a shifting art world. The first three years of File brought together a range of concerns with vision and visuality, gender and sexuality, media and the position of an ideal of the ‘self. All of these threads of knowledge served to reconfigure and challenge the claims for identity as constructed by Life magazine. My thesis locates a fraught and at times radical homosexual inscription in these new configurations. If Lfe is a paradigmatic form of mass culture in which a particular ideal of freedom and seithood are visualized together File tends to eroticize trivialize and burst that false yet powerful ideological coherence. In the pages of File the content of the dominant culture is made available to gay aesthetic manipulations like ‘camp’ under a persistant tendency to ‘de-sublimate’ the sexuality of that culture. In a effort to reclaim and reposition the forgotten and unacknowledge gay representation I have tended to place a certain priority on a historical narrative interaction between the counter-discourses of sexuality within what could be losely termed ‘the counter-culture’ and an academic modernism that seems to have tried to wish away erotics from its field of view. File megazine like the works of Robert Smithson that I have addressed does not congradulate its audience for having discovered some newly available access to knowledge or power over the sexual or the social.
Kernel-based framework to estimate deformations of pneumothorax lung using relative position of anatomical landmarks
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Utako
name: Nakao, Megumi
name: Ohzeki, Masayuki
name: Tokuno, Junko
name: Chen-Yoshikawa, Toyofumi Fengshi
name: Matsuda, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries, successful procedures of nodule resection are highly dependent on the precise estimation of lung deformation between the inflated lung in the computed tomography (CT) images during preoperative planning and the deflated lung in the treatment views during surgery. Lungs in the pneumothorax state during surgery have a large volume change from normal lungs, making it difficult to build a mechanical model. The purpose of this study is to develop a deformation estimation method of the 3D surface of a deflated lung from a few partial observations. To estimate deformations for a largely deformed lung, a kernel regression-based solution was introduced. The proposed method used a few landmarks to capture the partial deformation between the 3D surface mesh obtained from preoperative CT and the intraoperative anatomical positions. The deformation for each vertex of the entire mesh model was estimated per-vertex as a relative position from the landmarks. The landmarks were placed in the anatomical position of the lung's outer contour. The method was applied on nine datasets of the left lungs of live Beagle dogs. Contrast-enhanced CT images of the lungs were acquired. The proposed method achieved a local positional error of vertices of 2.74 mm, Hausdorff distance of 6.11 mm, and Dice similarity coefficient of 0.94. Moreover, the proposed method could estimate lung deformations from a small number of training cases and a small observation area. This study contributes to the data-driven modeling of pneumothorax deformation of the lung.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Adiabatically coupled systems and fractional monodromy
Creators: name: Hansen, M S
name: Faure, F
name: Zhilinskii, B I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 1-parameter family of systems with fractional monodromy and adiabatic separation of motion. We relate the presence of monodromy to a redistribution of states both in the quantum and semi-quantum spectrum. We show how the fractional monodromy arises from the non diagonal action of the dynamical symmetry of the system and manifests itself as a generic property of an important subclass of adiabatically coupled systems.