cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Caenolestidae Trouessart 1898
Creators: name: Beck, Robin M. D.
name: Voss, Robert S.
name: Jansa, Sharon A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Paucituberculata
Caenolestidae

description: Caenolestidae Trouessart, 1898   CONTENTS: Caenolestes (fig. 35), Lestoros, and Rhyncholestes.
STEM AGE: 19.0 Mya (95% HPD: 14.0–23.9 Mya).
CROWN AGE: 10.0 Mya (95% HPD: 6.6–13.2 Mya).
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: None (but see Comments, below).
 COMMENTS: As noted above (see Paucituberculata), our dated total-evidence analysis (fig. 33) recovers relationships within Paucituberculata that differ somewhat from other recent studies (Goin et al., 2007b, 2009a; Abello, 2013; Forasiepi et al., 2013; Rincón et al., 2015; Engelman et al., 2016; Abello et al., 2020, 2021), specifically in placing the pichipilid palaeothentoid † Pichipilus closer to the extant caenolestid genera Caenolestes, Lestoros, and Rhyncholestes than the fossil caenolestid † Stilotherium. Thus, monophyly of Caenolestidae including † Stilotherium is not supported here, contra these other studies. However, Caenolestes, Lestoros, and Rhyncholestes form a clade to the exclusion of our fossil terminals in our dated total-evidence analysis, which is congruent with current published evidence. This clade is not supported by any unambiguous synapomorphies, but three traits optimize as synapomorphies under Delayed Transformation: stapes columelliform and microperforate or imperforate (char. 65: 0→1; ci = 0.143; see Gaillard et al., 2021); mastoid fenestra present dorsal and medial to the mastoid exposure of petrosal (char. 91: 0→1; ci = 0.200); and fourth lower molar (m4) trigonid structurally simplified, with only the metaconid distinct (char. 164: 0→1; ci = 0.667).
 The three extant caenolestid genera are estimated here as having diverged from each other relatively recently, during the mid to late Miocene, which is somewhat younger than the estimate for this split in the a posteriori time-scaled phylogeny of Abello et al. (2020: fig. 2; ~14 Mya) and the molecular-clock estimate of Mitchell et al. (2014) for the split between Caenolestes and Rhyncholestes (point estimate: 14.3 Mya; 95% HPD: 12.2– 16.0 Mya), but similar to the molecular-clock estimates of Meredith et al. (2009a; 2011). Besides a report of subfossil remains of Caenolestes fuliginosus, there is as yet no fossil record of crownclade Caenolestidae (Abello et al., 2021).
description: Published as part of Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. & Jansa, Sharon A., 2022, Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials, pp. 1-353 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457) on pages 203-205, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6971356
On $p$-adic limits of topological invariants
Creators: name: Kionke, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M10, 55N35, 20E18, 11S99

description: The purpose of this article is to define and study new invariants of topological spaces: the $p$-adic Betti numbers and the $p$-adic torsion. These invariants take values in the $p$-adic numbers and are constructed from a virtual pro-$p$ completion of the fundamental group. The key result of the article is an approximation theorem which shows that the $p$-adic invariants are limits of their classical analogues. This is reminiscent of Lück's approximation theorem for $L^2$-Betti numbers. After an investigation of basic properties and examples we discuss the $p$-adic analog of the Atiyah conjecture: When do the $p$-adic Betti numbers take integer values? We establish this property for a class of spaces and discuss applications to cohomology growth.
description: 43 pages, comments welcome
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 61. Jahrgang 1975
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 61. 1975
Controlling a leaky tap
Creators: name: Ilarraza-Lomelí, Aquiles
name: Arizmendi, C. M.
name: Salas-Brito, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Ott, Grebogy and Yorke mechanism for the control of chaos to the analytical oscillator model of a leaky tap obtaining good results. We exhibit the robustness of the control against both dynamical noise and measurement noise.A possible way of controlling experimentally a leaky tap using magnetic-field-produced variations in the viscosity of a magnetorheological fluid is suggested.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Physics Letters A
Unsupervised Representation Learning with Correlations
Creators: Tang, Da
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computer science
Machine learning
Correlation (Statistics)--Data processing
Mathematical optimization--Computer programs
Computer algorithms

description: Unsupervised representation learning algorithms have been playing important roles in machine learning and related fields. However, due to optimization intractability or lack of consideration in given data correlation structures, some unsupervised representation learning algorithms still cannot well discover the inherent features from the data, under certain circumstances. This thesis extends these algorithms, and improves over the above issues by taking data correlations into consideration. We study three different aspects of improvements on unsupervised representation learning algorithms by utilizing correlation information, via the following three tasks respectively: 1. Using estimated correlations between data points to provide smart optimization initializations, for multi-way matching (Chapter 2). In this work, we define a correlation score between pairs of data points as metrics for correlations, and initialize all the permutation matrices along a maximum spanning tree of the undirected graph with these metrics as the weights. 2. Faster optimization by utilizing the correlations in the observations, for variational inference (Chapter 3). We construct a positive definite matrix from the negative Hessian of the log-likelihood part of the objective that can capture the influence of the observation correlations on the parameter vector. We then use the inverse of this matrix to rescale the gradient. 3. Utilizing additional side-information on data correlation structures to explicitly learn correlations between data points, for extensions of Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) (Chapters 4 and 5). Consider the case where we know a correlation graph G of the data points. Instead of placing an i.i.d. prior as in the most common setting, we adopt correlated priors and/or correlated variational distributions on the latent variables through utilizing the graph G. Empirical results on these tasks show the success of the proposed methods in improving the performances of unsupervised representation learning algorithms. We compare our methods with multiple recent advanced algorithms on various tasks, on both synthetic and real datasets. We also provide theoretical analysis for some of the proposed methods, showing their advantages under certain situations. The proposed methods have wide ranges of applications. For examples, image compression (via smart initializations for multi-way matching), link prediction (by VAEs with correlations), etc.
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 45. Jahrgang 1959
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1959
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 45. 1959
MOESM5 of Ezh2-dCas9 and KRAB-dCas9 enable engineering of epigenetic memory in a context-dependent manner
Creators: name: OâGeen, Henriette
name: Bates, Sofie
name: Sakereh Carter
name: Nisson, Karly
name: Halmai, Julian
name: Fink, Kyle
name: Suhn Rhie
name: Farnham, Peggy
name: Segal, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Reproducibility of H3K27ac ChIP-seq replicates.
MOESM3 of Ezh2-dCas9 and KRAB-dCas9 enable engineering of epigenetic memory in a context-dependent manner
Creators: name: OâGeen, Henriette
name: Bates, Sofie
name: Sakereh Carter
name: Nisson, Karly
name: Halmai, Julian
name: Fink, Kyle
name: Suhn Rhie
name: Farnham, Peggy
name: Segal, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Evaluation of HER2 protein levels and all-or-none epigenetic silencing.
Unsustainaburger: SDGs and the links between migrant labor, industrial livestock, and the environment
Creators: Manucci, Iame
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Human rights
Migrant Labor
Factory farms
Environmental degradation
Sustainable development

description: The meat-industrial-complex is a global production and consumption chain that systematically violates human rights, particularly those of workers, and degrades the environment. From food security and decent work to climate change and public health, industrial livestock operations and meat consumption patterns challenge the achievement of all 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in ways that are cross-cutting and interconnected.1 In this study, interdisciplinary data about the world’s leading meat producers provide the empirical backdrop for a content analysis of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Declaration and Goals themselves, SDG Partnerships, Voluntary National Reviews, and other reports are analyzed to discern the degree to which issues associated with industrial meat production, and their interconnectivity, are acknowledged. The results of the content analysis demonstrate that the SDG Framework expresses less concern with the interrelated impacts of industrial meat practices than the actual gravity of those impacts demands. Like other sampled communications, the Agenda also fails to address the unique relationship between decent work and the environment, a critical linkage for successful SDG implementation. Research that explores discrepancies between global problems and the focus of international political attention is necessary for the development of public policies that are coherent and address root-causes of socio-economic inequality and environmental degradation.
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 46. Jahrgang 1960
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1960
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 46. 1960
Experimental signatures of supersymmetric dark-matter Q-balls
Creators: name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Kuzmin, Vadim
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
name: Tinyakov, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories with low-energy supersymmetry predict the existence of stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, that can contribute to dark matter. We discuss the experimental signatures, methods of detection, and the present limits on such dark matter candidates.
description: final version, to appear in PRL (minor changes in wording and referencing); 8 pages, latex
Optimal Resource Allocation over Networks via Lottery-Based Mechanisms
Creators: name: Phade, Soham R.
name: Anantharam, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, in a resource allocation problem, the ex ante aggregate utility of players with cumulative-prospect-theoretic preferences can be increased over deterministic allocations by implementing lotteries. We formulate an optimization problem, called the system problem, to find the optimal lottery allocation. The system problem exhibits a two-layer structure comprised of a permutation profile and optimal allocations given the permutation profile. For any fixed permutation profile, we provide a market-based mechanism to find the optimal allocations and prove the existence of equilibrium prices. We show that the system problem has a duality gap, in general, and that the primal problem is NP-hard. We then consider a relaxation of the system problem and derive some qualitative features of the optimal lottery structure.
MOESM4 of Ezh2-dCas9 and KRAB-dCas9 enable engineering of epigenetic memory in a context-dependent manner
Creators: name: OâGeen, Henriette
name: Bates, Sofie
name: Sakereh Carter
name: Nisson, Karly
name: Halmai, Julian
name: Fink, Kyle
name: Suhn Rhie
name: Farnham, Peggy
name: Segal, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Long-term repression of TRPM4 locus in C42B cells.
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 47. Jahrgang 1961
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 47. 1961
Suitably graded THB-spline refinement and coarsening: Towards an adaptive isogeometric analysis of additive manufacturing processes
Creators: name: Carraturo, Massimo
name: Giannelli, Carlotta
name: Reali, Alessandro
name: Vázquez, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present work we introduce a complete set of algorithms to efficiently perform adaptive refinement and coarsening by exploiting truncated hierarchical B-splines (THB-splines) defined on suitably graded isogeometric meshes, that are called admissible mesh configurations. We apply the proposed algorithms to two-dimensional linear heat transfer problems with localized moving heat source, as simplified models for additive manufacturing applications. We first verify the accuracy of the admissible adaptive scheme with respect to an overkilled solution, for then comparing our results with similar schemes which consider different refinement and coarsening algorithms, with or without taking into account grading parameters. This study shows that the THB-spline admissible solution delivers an optimal discretization for what concerns not only the accuracy of the approximation, but also the (reduced) number of degrees of freedom per time step. In the last example we investigate the capability of the algorithms to approximate the thermal history of the problem for a more complicated source path. The comparison with uniform and non-admissible hierarchical meshes demonstrates that also in this case our adaptive scheme returns the desired accuracy while strongly improving the computational efficiency.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
Peramelemorphia Ameghino 1889
Creators: name: Beck, Robin M. D.
name: Voss, Robert S.
name: Jansa, Sharon A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Peramelemorphia

description: Peramelemorphia Ameghino, 1889   CONTENTS: † Bulungu, † Galadi, Perameloidea, and † Yarala.
STEM AGE: 43.7 Mya (95% HPD: 39.6–47.4 Mya).
CROWN AGE: 31.4 Mya (95% HPD: 25.3–37.9 Mya).
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: Facial exposure of jugal deeply bifid, with distinct anterodorsal and anteroventral processes (char. 20: 0→1; ci = 1.000); lambdoid sesamoids present (char. 89: 0→1; ci = 1.000); M1 preparacrista absent or indistinct (char. 138: 0→1; ci = 0.333); M1 pseudopreparacrista present (char. 139: 0→1; ci = 0.333); and hypoconulid notch in anterior cingulid of m2–4 absent (char. 158: 0→1; ci = 0.500).
 COMMENTS: Our estimate for the divergence between Peramelemorphia and Dasyuromorphia dates to the middle Eocene. As mentioned above (see Agreodontia), isolated dental remains from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna have been identified as putatively peramelemorphian, which would predate our estimate, but the Tingamarran specimens cannot be unequivocally referred to the Peramelemorphia. Instead, the oldest definitive peramelemorphians are late Oligocene (Travouillon et al., 2013 a, 2021; Warburton and Travouillon, 2016). The three fossils included here († Bulungu, † Galadi, † Yarala) are late Oligocene to Miocene taxa (Muirhead and Filan, 1995; Muirhead, 2000; Travouillon et al., 2010, 2013b; Gurovich et al., 2014; Warburton and Travouillon, 2016) and they are recovered outside the peramelemorphian crown clade (Perameloidea; see below) in our analyses, as in previous phylogenetic studies (Travouillon et al., 2010, 2013a, 2013b, 2014 a, 2015 b, 2019, 2021; Gurovich et al., 2014; Chamberlain et al., 2015; Travouillon and Phillips, 2018). Putative early perameloids are known from the middle Miocene (Travouillon et al., 2014a; see Perameloidea below), but these were not included here because they are only known from isolated teeth.
 A recent study by Abello and Candela (2019) included morphological and total evidence phylogenetic analyses that placed members of the South American family † Argyrolagidae in a clade that was sister to Peramelemorphia (represented by Echymipera and Perameles), but the authors acknowledged that this geographically implausible relationship might reflect convergent evolution of similar derived tarsal features; based on available evidence, argyrolagids are most likely to be paucituberculatans (Sánchez-Villagra, 2001; Beck, 2017a; Zimicz and Goin, 2020) or polydolopimorphians (Goin et al., 2009a; Chornogubsky and Goin, 2015; Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a, 2017b; Carneiro, 2018, 2019; Carneiro et al., 2018).
description: Published as part of Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. & Jansa, Sharon A., 2022, Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials, pp. 1-353 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457) on page 210, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6971356
Shutters, Boxes, But No Paradoxes: Time Symmetry Puzzles in Quantum Theory
Creators: name: Kastner, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ``N-Box Experiment'' is a much-discussed thought experiment in quantum mechanics. It is claimed by some authors that a single particle prepared in a superposition of N+1 box locations and which is subject to a final ``post-selection'' measurement corresponding to a different superposition can be said to have occupied ``with certainty'' N boxes during the intervening time. However, others have argued that under closer inspection, this surprising claim fails to hold. Aharonov and Vaidman have continued their advocacy of the claim in question by proposing a variation on the N-box experiment, in which the boxes are replaced by shutters and the pre- and post-selected particle is entangled with a photon. These authors argue that the resulting ``N-shutter experiment'' strengthens their original claim regarding the N-box experiment. It is argued in this paper that the apparently surprising features of this variation are no more robust than those of the N-box experiment and that it is not accurate to say that the particle is ``with certainty'' in all N shutters at any given time.
description: Presentation improved; to appear in International Studies in Philosophy of Science
Beschluss der STIKO zu Lieferengpässen von Impfstoffen
Creators: name: Ständige Impfkommission (STIKO)
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: STIKO
subject: Schutzimpfungen
subject: Grundimmunisierung
subject: Standardimpfung
subject: Lieferengpässe
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Das Paul-Ehrlich-Institut informiert auf seinen Internetseiten über Liefer¬engpässe von Impfstoffen sowie die voraussichtliche Dauer der Nicht-Verfügbarkeit. Diese Informationen beruhen auf Mitteilungen der pharmazeutischen Unternehmen, die einen Lieferengpass melden, sobald die Liefer¬kette für die Auslieferung eines Impfstoffes für ei¬nen Zeitraum von mindestens 2 Wochen unterbro¬chen ist. Ist kein für die jeweilige Indikation und das Alter zugelassener Impfstoff mit vergleichbarer Antigen¬zusammensetzung verfügbar, gibt die STIKO Empfehlungen, wie al¬ternativ ein Impfschutz sichergestellt werden kann. Die STIKO hat Empfehlungen für die häufigsten bzw. relevantesten Lie¬ferengpässe entwickelt, in denen kein alternativer Impfstoff mit vergleichbarer Zusammensetzung zur Verfügung steht.
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 41. Jahrgang 1955
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 41. 1955
UBC Campus Outdoor Lighting : Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Khalid, Mustafa
name: Yong, Melissa
name: Lin, Tingli
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The objective of our report is to stimulate discussions with regards to campus outdoor lightings. This report: • provides a brief historical overview of the evolution of artificial light, • examines the current technological trends of outdoor lighting, • outlines some of the potential negative impacts of outdoor lighting, and • provides recommendations for campus stakeholders and future policy makers to implement. The significance and importance of light in our lives is undeniable. Light provides us with more than just an illumination in the dark. Its significance is evident from history and in modern day researches done on the subject of light. The white light we see is a combination of a spectrum of colours and this spectrum is further reflected in the many ways light affects people, nature and the world. Recent advancements in technology, from more efficient lighting components to increasingly sophisticated controls, offer attractive opportunities for making the most of outdoor lighting systems. Hence, the team makes the case for the University of British Columbia to shift to using LED technology. The team recommends before determining what type of lighting should be installed or retrofitted, it is important to ask the basic question: Is Lighting needed? If no reason for lighting can be found, it is more practical to remove the current lighting than replacing it with a new technology. we also recommend the following: 1. luminance for all new lights should be equal or less than the maximum value recommended by Illuminating Engineering Society. 2. integration of bi-level control systems as it is unnecessary to keep the street lighting at maximum illumination during periods of low traffic. 3. all new lights installed anywhere on campus to be properly shielded. These shields should ensure that light is directed downwards - not upwards or to the side. 4. a campus lighting strategy to establish a method for assessing future lighting solutions. We recommend combining the individual assessments for each of the four components to determine whether the proposed lighting solution is acceptable. 5. comprehensive integration of CPTED strategies: to improve poor design features such as isolation, lack of sight lines, and hiding and entrapment spots, it will contribute to a safer and more appealing campus environment. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
MOESM4 of Enhanced production of styrene by engineered Escherichia coli and in situ product recovery (ISPR) with an organic solvent
Creators: name: Kyungsoo Lee
name: Bang, Hyun
name: Lee, Yoon
name: Jeong, Ki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. SDS-PAGE result of fed-batch cultivation with n-dodecane using E. coli YHP05 harboring pYHP-FDC and pHB-CA.
Human-Like Autonomous Car-Following Model with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Zhu, Meixin
name: Wang, Xuesong
name: Wang, Yinhai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes a framework for human-like autonomous car-following planning based on deep reinforcement learning (deep RL). Historical driving data are fed into a simulation environment where an RL agent learns from trial and error interactions based on a reward function that signals how much the agent deviates from the empirical data. Through these interactions, an optimal policy, or car-following model that maps in a human-like way from speed, relative speed between a lead and following vehicle, and inter-vehicle spacing to acceleration of a following vehicle is finally obtained. The model can be continuously updated when more data are fed in. Two thousand car-following periods extracted from the 2015 Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study were used to train the model and compare its performance with that of traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. As shown by this study results, a deep deterministic policy gradient car-following model that uses disparity between simulated and observed speed as the reward function and considers a reaction delay of 1s, denoted as DDPGvRT, can reproduce human-like car-following behavior with higher accuracy than traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. Specifically, the DDPGvRT model has a spacing validation error of 18% and speed validation error of 5%, which are less than those of other models, including the intelligent driver model, models based on locally weighted regression, and conventional neural network-based models. Moreover, the DDPGvRT demonstrates good capability of generalization to various driving situations and can adapt to different drivers by continuously learning. This study demonstrates that reinforcement learning methodology can offer insight into driver behavior and can contribute to the development of human-like autonomous driving algorithms and traffic-flow models.
Updating in Parallel under Threat: Cues, Emotions, Frames, and Memories
Creators: Georgarakis, George Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Americans--Attitudes
subject: Threats
subject: Terrorism--Political aspects
subject: Epidemics--Political aspects
subject: Climatic changes--Political aspects
subject: Natural disasters--Political aspects

description: This dissertation proposes a theoretical framework of attitude change under threatening conditions based on parallel updating. More specifically, I focus on public preferences for policies to address terrorist attacks, pandemics, climate change and natural disasters in periods when these threats are elevated. I test my argument with four original survey experiments, which include eleven interventions and draw on a nationally diverse sample of a total of 9,110 American citizens. These interventions identify the effects of factual information, partisan cues, incidental emotions, ideological and non-ideological framing, and memory priming. Evidence from these experiments provides consistent support that public opinion updating exhibits five characteristics. First, citizens change their views by a small amount. Second, citizens’ opinions move in the direction of information. Third, attitude change occurs regardless of political predispositions and individual attributes. Fourth, exposure to information about a specific policy area does not impact preferences for policies unrelated to this area. The only exception to this rule is when the treatment is emotionally strong. Finally, attitude- and identity-based cross pressures may introduce only minimal bias in the manner citizens update their opinions. These conclusions strongly challenge theories of public opinion which argue that individual differences in more-or-less enduring political and psychological characteristics can lead to political polarization. Although the persuasive techniques studied here are not equally potent in changing political views, the findings invite cautious optimism about the capacity of citizens to update opinions in a reasonable and accurate manner, even when the circumstances are unfavorable. Finally, the results suggest that the roots of polarization should be searched for more directly, notably in the increasingly fragmented political, social, and media environments.
Chaotic Oscillations in Finite Quantum Systems: Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the recently achieved Bose-Einstein condensation for alkali-metal atoms in magnetic traps. The theoretically predicted low-energy collective oscillations of the condensate have been experimentally confirmed by laser imaging techniques. We show by using Poincarè sections that at higher energies non-linear effects appear and oscillations become chaotic. PACS 03.75.Fi, 05.30.Jp, 05.45.+b, 32.80.Pj
description: 7 Latex pages, 1 postscript figure, short report to the 4th International Summer School/Conference "Let's Face Chaos through Nonlinear Dynamics", 27 June - 11 July, University of Maribor, Slovenia
The Rate of Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Mandhai, Soheb
name: Tanvir, Nial
name: Lamb, Gavin
name: Levan, Andrew
name: Tsang, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the faint gamma-ray burst, GRB 170817A, coincident with a gravitational wave-detected binary neutron star merger at $d\sim40$ Mpc, we consider the constraints on a local population of faint short duration GRBs (defined here broadly as $T_{90}<4$ s). We review proposed low-redshift short-GRBs and consider statistical limits on a $d\lessapprox200$ Mpc population using Swift/Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), and Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) GRBs. Swift/BAT short-GRBs give an upper limit for the all-sky rate of $<4$ y$^{-1}$ at $d<200$ Mpc, corresponding to $<5$% of SGRBs. Cross-correlation of selected CGRO/BATSE and Fermi/GBM GRBs with $d<100$ Mpc galaxy positions returns a weaker constraint of $\lessapprox12\ {\rm y^{-1}}$. A separate search for correlations due to SGR giant flares in nearby ($d<11$ Mpc) galaxies finds an upper limit of $<3\ {\rm y^{-1}}$. Our analysis suggests that GRB 170817A-like events are likely to be rare in existing SGRB catalogues. The best candidate for an analogue remains GRB 050906, where the Swift/BAT location was consistent with the galaxy IC0327 at $d\approx132$ Mpc. If binary neutron star merger rates are at the high end of current estimates, then our results imply that at most a few percent will be accompanied by detectable gamma-ray flashes in the forthcoming LIGO/Virgo science runs.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Published in Galaxies as part of the Special Issue, "Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era"
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 42. Jahrgang 1956
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1956
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 42. 1956
MOESM1 of Ezh2-dCas9 and KRAB-dCas9 enable engineering of epigenetic memory in a context-dependent manner
Creators: name: OâGeen, Henriette
name: Bates, Sofie
name: Sakereh Carter
name: Nisson, Karly
name: Halmai, Julian
name: Fink, Kyle
name: Suhn Rhie
name: Farnham, Peggy
name: Segal, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Space Science
Molecular Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Amino acid sequences of dCas9- and MCP fusion proteins.
Until the Stones Cry Out: Materialities of Faith and Technologies of the Holy Ghost in Southern Appalachia
Creators: Blanton, Anderson Hall
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ethnology
subject: Religion
subject: Communication
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Pentecostalism
subject: Spiritual healing
subject: Holy Spirit

description: Until the Stones Cry Out: Materialities of Faith and Technologies of the Holy Ghost in Southern Appalachia is an ethnography of the often unrecognized infrastructures that have sustained Charismatic practices of healing and performances of faith since the mid-twentieth century.  My research demonstrates that the broadcasting of healing prayer over the radio, the circulation of curative faith cloths through the postal system, and the architecture of massive canvas revival tents are not merely passive instrumentalities for the transmission of a discretely self-contained religious content, but affect, most fundamentally, the way ritual practices such as intercessory prayer and faith healing are experienced and understood by Charismatic communities within the United States.  Moving comparatively between ethnographic and archival evidence, this work explores the objects and technologies that provide the material underpinnings for Pentecostal performances of faith, prayer and the miraculous.  On the rhetorical side of these charismatic phenomena, this ethnology examines inspired preaching styles and performances of religious testimony in order to track the appearance and circulation of so-called Holy Ghost power within spaces of ecstatic and enthusiastic worship.
Unusual dance spaces
Creators: Potaznik, Reina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Dance

description: Whether as a form of rebellion against modern dance or as an expression of the 1960s experimental culture, avant-garde choreographers created revolutionary works that exploded outside the frame of the proscenium stage. They discovered new performance spaces that ranged from church sanctuaries, museums, gymnasiums, lofts, and galleries, to sidewalks, public parks, tenement walls, and other places. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Trisha Brown and Twyla Tharp, in particular, were known for their exploratory, non-proscenium dance pieces executed in new and unusual performance spaces. The titles of Brown’s works described them. Man Walking Down Side of Building (1969) was staged on the side of 80 Wooster Street in downtown Manhattan, while Walking on the Wall (1971) was performed on the walls of a gallery in the Whitney Museum. Roof Piece (1971) took place on the roofs of buildings across an area of twelve blocks between Wooster and Lafayette Streets in Manhattan’s SoHo district. During those same years Tharp produced Medley (1969) on the Great Lawn of Central Park, Dancing in the Streets of London and Paris, Continued in Stockholm and Sometimes Madrid (1969) in galleries and staircases of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Torelli (1971), a three-part dance that spanned the entire length of the island of Manhattan. The first segment took place in Fort Tyron Park in Washington Heights, the second in Battery Park, and the third in the City Council chamber at City Hall.
One or several populations of fast radio burst sources?
Creators: name: Caleb, M.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Stappers, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, one repeating and many apparently non-repeating fast radio bursts have been detected. This dichotomy has driven discussions about whether fast radio bursts stem from a single population of sources or two or more different populations. Here we present the arguments for and against.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy. A free link to the published article can be found here: https://rdcu.be/basK2
Diffeomorphism algebra of two dimensional free massless scalar field with signature change
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of free massless scalar fields on a two dimensional cylinder with metric that admits a change of signature between Lorentzian and Euclidean type (ET), across the two timelike hypersurfaces (with respect to Lorentzian region). Considering a long strip-shaped region of the cylinder, denoted by an angle θ, as the signature changed region it is shown that the energy spectrum depends on the angle θand in a sense differs from ordinary one for low energies. Morever diffeomorphism algebra of corresponding infinite conserved charges is different from '' Virasoro'' algebra and approaches to it at higher energies. The central term is also modified but does not approach to the ordinary one at higher energies.
description: 18 pages, Latex, 2 ps figures
MOESM3 of Enhanced production of styrene by engineered Escherichia coli and in situ product recovery (ISPR) with an organic solvent
Creators: name: Kyungsoo Lee
name: Bang, Hyun
name: Lee, Yoon
name: Jeong, Ki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Effect of temperatures on styrene production.
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 43. Jahrgang 1957
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 43. 1957
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 44. Jahrgang 1958
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz
Year: 1958
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 44. 1958
Upgrading Carbon and Nitrogen to Fuels and Chemicals Using Heterogeneous and Plasma Catalysis
Creators: Winter, Lea
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Carbon
subject: Nitrogen
subject: Catalysis
subject: Plasma (Ionized gases)

description: Fossil resources provide the raw materials for manufacturing a majority of commodity chemicals and fuels, but the release of this buried carbon accelerates environmental crises related to rising levels of atmospheric CO2. Engineering direct and energy-efficient pathways to synthesize chemicals and fuels from sustainable reagents and using CO2-free renewable energy could mitigate these challenges. Promising strategies for developing such reaction processes utilize non-precious metal catalysts to address kinetic challenges and non-thermal plasma activation to circumvent thermodynamic constraints. Non-precious bimetallic catalysts were employed to selectively convert CO2 with H2 to the building block chemical CO, and in situ X-ray and infrared techniques revealed the properties of the catalytic components. Significant oxygen exchange between the ceria catalyst support material and gas-phase CO2 was quantified under reaction conditions, and NiFe bimetallic catalysts tuned the reaction selectivity while maintaining high activity. In order to eliminate H2 as a reagent, ethane (an underutilized shale gas fraction) was reacted with CO2 to produce alcohols. This reaction is not thermodynamically feasible under mild conditions, so non-thermal/non-equilibrium plasma activation was implemented in order to achieve a one-step, H2-independent process to synthesize alcohols and other oxygenates under ambient temperature and pressure. The ability to use non-thermal plasma to activate N2 at mild conditions introduces the possibility of moving beyond the carbon-based paradigm for chemicals and fuels. Non-thermal plasma has been used to synthesize ammonia under mild conditions, but the dearth of fundamental understanding of plasma-catalyst interactions handicaps the development of plasma catalytic N2 conversion processes. Therefore, an in situ FTIR reactor was employed to identify the surface reaction intermediates during plasma catalytic ammonia synthesis. These results provide the first direct evidence of catalytic surface reactions under plasma activation and reveal the presence of reaction pathways that are distinct from analogous thermocatalytic reactions. Finally, an energy-based analysis evaluates the environmental and economic outlook for plasma-activated nitrogen fixation processes.
Upgrading Favelas: Funding Schemes and Their Effects on Economic Opportunities, Infrastructure Provision, and Safety
Creators: Formicki, Guilherme Rocha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
Squatter settlements
Urban policy
Community development, Urban
Public-private sector cooperation

description: Public-private favela-upgrading schemes in São Paulo (known as Urban Operations) manage to collect and allocate more funds than the conventional public upgrading. It would thus be safe to assume that favela-upgrading interventions financially backed by Urban Operations are more successful in bringing up indicators related to infrastructure and public services than the conventional public schemes. It might as well be assumed that public-private upgrading also provides economic opportunities and more perceived safety. This is what I have investigated in this thesis. My methods for this research entailed the conduction of semi-structured interviews and informal talks, the consultation of government reports, census data, and real-estate information, as well as taking on-site pictures and the conduction of non-participant observations. I selected one case study for each type of upgrading scheme. My findings mostly point to the fact that conventionally-funded upgrading and Urban Operations-backed favela interventions achieved similar results in the selected cases, especially when it comes to providing housing affordability, as well as public services, facilities, and infrastructure. Perceived levels of safety also evolved similarly in the studied communities. Economic and real-estate development followed different paths, which nevertheless also resulted in a few similarities. Overall, my analysis showed that the rationale of favela upgrading has reasonably evolved throughout the last decades. Yet, the reality of the upgraded communities that I studied still seems to be unmet by either type of intervention, especially when it comes to the affordability conundrum.
Additional file 3: of Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence: Nanopore sequencing and complete assembly of the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) mitogenome uncovers the missing nad2 and a new major gene cluster duplication
Creators: name: Gan, Han
name: Grandjean, Frederic
name: Jenkins, Tom
name: Austin, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Binding sites of I_Hom3F and I_Hom3R primers on the newly assembled Homarus gammarus mitogenome and the estimated PCR product sizes. (PDF 16 kb)
Midi-Superspace Quantization of Non-Compact Toroidally Symmetric Gravity
Creators: name: Beetle, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the quantization of the midi-superspace associated with a class of spacetimes with toroidal isometries, but without the compact spatial hypersurfaces of the well-known Gowdy models. By a symmetry reduction, the phase space for the system at the classical level can be identified with that of a free massless scalar field on a fixed background spacetime, thereby providing a simple route to quantization. We are then able to study certain non-perturbative features of the quantum gravitational system. In particular, we examine the quantum geometry of the asymptotic regions of the spacetimes involved and find some surprisingly large dispersive effects of quantum gravity.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX