Paraclius singaporensis Zhang & Yang & Grootaert 2007, new species
Creators: name: Zhang, Lili
name: Yang, Ding
name: Grootaert, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Paraclius
Paraclius singaporensis

description: Paraclius singaporensis, new species   
(Figs. 30–34)  
  Material examined. –  Holotype: male, Sungei Buloh, 22 Apr.2005, Mal. 2 (25078, coll. PG, Si771, ZRC).   
Paratypes – 1 male, Sungei Buloh, 22 Apr.2005, Mal. 2 (25078, coll. PG, det. LZ, Si771, ZRC). 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 11 May.2005, Mal. 2, (25160, coll. PG, det. LZ, Si1241, deposited in IOZ); 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 11 May.2005, Mal. 2, (25160, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1241); 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 11 May.2005, Mal. 2, (25160, coll. PG, det. PG, Si830); 1 male, Sungei Buloh, 1 Jun.2005, Mal. 2, (25166, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1286); 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 10 Jun.2005, Mal. 2, (25168, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1230); 1 male, 2 females, Sungei Buloh, 15 Jun.2005, Mal. 2, (25170, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1255); 1 male, 2 females, Sungei Buloh, 20 Jul.2005, Mal. 1, (25264, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1256); 1 male, Sungei Buloh, 28 Sep.2005, Mal. 1, (25431, coll. PG, det. PG, Si1177).  
  Diagnosis. –  Antenna with first flagellomere with narrow black dorsal margin, 1.3 times as long as wide. Mid femur with 5 v at base (5 th shortest and others slightly shorter than femur is wide), hind femur with 4 v at base (shorter than femur is wide).   
  Description. –  Male: Body length 4.5–4.8 mm, wing length 3.7–4.0 mm.   
Head metallic green with pale grey pollen. Face narrowing downward, distinctly narrower than first flagellomere. Hairs and bristles black. Mid and lower postocular bristles (including posteroventral hairs) pale. Antenna (Fig. 31) dark brown except scape somewhat pale, first flagellomere with narrow black dorsal margin, 1.2–1.3 times as long as wide; arista apicodorsal, minutely pubescent with very short basal segment. Proboscis black with black hairs, palpus black with black hairs and black apical bristles.  
 Thorax metallic green with pale grey pollen. Hairs and bristles black. Six strong dc, 7–8 pairs of acr; scutellum with 6 bristles (lateral pair longest). Propleuron with 1 black bristle on lower part. Legs yellow; fore coxa yellow, mid coxa black with yellow apex, hind coxa mainly black with yellow apex. Hind femur with extreme tip black. Mid tarsus from tip of tarsomere 2 onward blackish to black; hind tarsus blackish to black. Hairs and bristles black. Mid and hind coxae each with 1 exterior bristle. Mid and hind femora each with 1 preapical bristle. Mid femur with 5 v at base (5 th shortest and others slightly shorter than femur is wide), hind femur with 4 v at base (shorter than femur is wide). Fore tibia with 3 ad and 2 pd, apically with 2 short bristles; mid tibia with 4 ad, 3 pd and 1 av, apically with 5 bristles; hind tibia with 4 ad, 5 pd and one row of 12 thin v. Hind tarsomere 1 with 3 v. Relative lengths of tibia and 5 tarsomeres LI 1.65: 0.85: 0.25: 0.25: 0.15: 0.15; LII 2.35: 1.0: 0.8: 0.5: 0.35: 0.2; LIII 2.6: 0.8: 1.35: 1.0: 0.5: 0.2. Wing (Fig. 30) hyaline, tinged with greyish, especially along anterior apical part; R 4+5 and M convergent apically. CuAx ratio 1.0. Squama yellow with black hairs. Halter yellow.   
Abdomen metallic green with pale grey pollen. Hairs and bristles black. Male genitalia (Figs. 32–34): Epandrium longer than wide, lateral lobe with 3 apical bristles; cercus black, nearly triangular in lateral view, with obtuse apex; hypandrium with apical incision in ventral view.  
Female: Unknown.  
  Distribution. –  Singapore.   
  Etymology. –  The specific name refers to the type locality– Singapore.   
  Remarks. – Paraclius singaporensis  is similar to P. serratus, new species, having the first flagellomere less than 1.5 times as long as wide, but may be separated from the latter by the cercus being nearly triangular in lateral view and the aedeagus without denticles. In P. serratus, the cercus has a rounded ventral margin, and the aedeagus bears denticles.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Lili, Yang, Ding & Grootaert, Patrick, 2007, Paraclius (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Dolichopodinae) Of Singapore, With New Species From Mangroves, pp. 49-62 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 55 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5454637