Heterocarpus ensifer subsp. ensifer A.Milne-Edwards 1881
Creators: name: Landeira, José María
name: Lozano-Soldevilla, Fernando
name: Almansa, Eduardo
name: González-Gordillo, Juan Ignacio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Pandalidae
Heterocarpus
Heterocarpus ensifer
Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer a.milne-Edwards, 1881

description: Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer A.Milne-Edwards, 1881
(Figures 1–5)
First zoea
Carapace (Figures 1 A, E, H). Flattened; dorsomedian tubercle on anterior and posterior part of carapace; rostrum smooth, pointed downward and shorter than antennular peduncle length; 1 pterygostomian spine and 2 spines on anteroventral margin; sessile eyes.
Zoea I Zoea II Zoea III Zoea IV Carapace
continued next page Antennule (Figure 2 A). Peduncle unsegmented, bears terminally 2 small tubercles. Endopod as a long plumose setae. Exopod present distally 1 plumose seta, 1 spatulate seta and 3 aesthetascs.
Antenna (Figure 2 E). Peduncle unsegmented, with 1 sharp spiniform seta distally. Endopod unsegmented, with 1 long plumose seta and 1 spiniform seta. Exopod broad and distally 6-segmented with 11 marginal plumose setae and 1 simple seta on apex.
Mandible. Asimetrical, without palp; incisor process and molar process well developed.
Maxillule (Figure 3 A). Coxal endite unilobed with 1 simple seta, 5 denticulate setae, 1 plumose seta and marginal microtrichias; basial endite with 2 plumodenticulate cuspidate setae, 3 plumodenticulate seta, and marginal microtrichias. Endopod unsegmented, 3-lobed with 1 simple, 1 sparsely plumose and 1 sparsely hardly plumose setae in the first lobe, 1 sparsely plumose and 1 sparsely hardly plumose setae in the median lobe and 1 sparsely plumose seta in the distal lobe. Exopod absent.
Maxilla (Figure 3 D). Coxal endite bilobed with 9 plumose setae and 4 setae (2 sparsely laterally and 2 plumose setae) respectively; basial endite bilobed with 3 sparsely plumose, 1 sparsely hardly plumose and 1 laterally plumose setae in each lobe. Endopod unsegmented and 5-lobed with: 3 sparsely plumose setae; 1 sparsely plumose seta and 1 sparsely hardly plumose setae; 1 sparsely hardly plumose seta; 1 sparsely hardly plumose seta; 2 sparsely plumose setae and microtrichias respectively. Exopod with 5 long plumose setae and microtrichias.
First maxilliped (Figure 3 F). Coxal endite with 7 setae forming 4 groups with 1 sparsely plumose seta, 2 simple and 1 plumose setae, 1 plumose seta, 1 hardly sparsely plumose and 1 sparsely plumose setae; basial endite with 12 setae in 4 groups, first two groups with 2 sparsely hardly plumose setae and 1 sparsely seta respectively and two last groups with 3 sparsely plumose setae respectively). Endopod 4-segmented with 3 sparsely plumose setae,1 sparsely plumose seta, 1 sparsely plumose and 1 serrulate setae, 1 simple and 3 serrulate setae in the distal segment. Exopod unsegmented bearing 1 subterminal and 3 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Second maxilliped (Figure 4 A). Coxal endite with 1 sparsely plumose seta; basial endite with 9 sparsely plumose setae arranged as 1,2,3,3. Endopod 4-segmented with 3 sparsely plumose setae, 1 sparsely plumose seta, 1 sparsely plumose and 1 serrulate setae, and in the distal segment with 1 simple and 4 serrulate setae. Exopod unsegmented with 2 subterminal and 3 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Third maxilliped (Figure 4 E). Coxal endite without seta; basial endite with 4 sparsely plumose setae. Endopod 4-segmented, longer than exopod and with 2 sparsely plumose setae, 1 sparsely plumose seta, 2 serrulate setae and 1 simple plus 3 serrulate setae in the distal segment. Exopod unsegmented with 2 subterminal and 3 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Telson (Figure 5 E). Triangular, broad posteriorly, with 7+7 setae (inner 6 plumoserrulate, outer 1 laterally plumose seta). A row of spinules on the distal margin and around the base of setae.
Second zoea
Carapace (Figures 1 B, I). Eyes stalked and funnel-shaped; rostrum shorter than Zoea I; 1 pair of small supraorbital spines.
Antennule (Figure 2 B). Peduncle unsegmented with 2 terminal plumose setae. Endopod as long plumose seta. Exopod bears 1 spiniform seta, 1 plumose seta, 1 spatulate seta and 3 aesthetascs.
Antenna. Unchanged. Mandible. Unchanged.
Maxillule (Figure 3 B). Basial endite with 4 plumodenticulate cuspidate setae plus 3 plumodenticulate seta; otherwise unchanged.
Maxilla. Coxal endite bilobed with 11 plumose setae and 2 laterally plumose plus 2 plumose setae respectively; otherwise unchanged.
First maxilliped. Basial endite with four groups of setae arranged as 3+3+4+4. Exopod unsegmented bearing 1 subterminal and 4 terminal plumose natatory setae; otherwise unchanged.
Second maxilliped (Figure 4 B). Coxal and basial endites without changes. Endopod 5-segmented with setae arranged as 3,1,0,1+1,1+4. Exopod unsegmented with 2 subterminal and 4 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Third maxilliped (Figure 4 F). Coxa and basis unchanged. Endopod 5-segmented with setae arranged as 2,1,0,2,1+3. Exopod with 2 subterminal and 4 terminal plumose natatory setae.
First pereiopod (Figure 5 A). Biramous bud.
Second to fifth pereiopod. Absent.
Pleopods. Absent.
Abdomen (Figures 1 B, 5F). Unchanged.
Uropods. Absent.
Telson (Figure 5 F). Triangular, with 8+8 setae (inner 7 plumoserrulate, outer 1 laterally plumose setae).
Third zoea
Carapace (Figures 1 C, F, J). Rostrum shorter than previous stages but longer than frontal lobe; otherwise unchanged.
Antennule (Figure 2 C). Peduncle 3-segmented: proximal segment with 1 long plumose seta; the medial segment with 5 terminal plumose setae (1 long and 4 short); distal segment with 4 plumose setae (2 long and 2 short) and with 6 plumose setae distributed over the margin of small process. Endopod unsegmented with 1 long plumose seta. Exopod with 2 plumose setae and 2 aesthetascs plus 1 spiniform seta.
Antenna (Figure 2 F). Peduncle unchanged. Endopod unsegmented with 1 spiniform and 1 simple setae. Exopod 5-segmented with 11 marginal plumose setae and 1 simple seta on apex.
Mandible. Unchanged.
Maxillule. Unchanged.
Maxilla (Figure 3 E). Exopod with 7 plumose setae; otherwise unchanged.
First maxilliped. Unchanged.
Second maxilliped (Figure 4 C). Endopod 5-segmented with setae arranged as 3,1,0,2,1+5; otherwise unchanged.
Third maxilliped. Endopod 5-segmented with setae arranged as 2,1,1,2,1+4 respectively. Exopod with 2+4 plumose natatory setae; otherwise unchanged.
First pereiopod (Figure 5 B). Biramous bud.
Second to fifth pereiopod. Absent.
Pleopods. Absent.
Abdomen (Figures 1 C, 5G). Sixth abdominal somite separated from telson. Otherwise unchanged.
Uropods (Figure 5 G). Biramous. Endopod rudimentary with 2 plumose setae. Exopod well developed with 6 plumose setae.
Telson (Figure 5 G). With 8+8 setae, the outermost pair of setae with a subterminal position.
Fourth zoea
Carapace (Figures 1 D, G, K). Rostrum still smooth, otherwise unchanged.
Antennule (Figure 2 D). Peduncle 3-segmented: basal segment with 1 proximal plumose seta, 1 strong spiniform seta plus 1 long and 3 short plumose setae in the distal edge; medial segment with 1 long plumose seta and 4 plumose setae plus 1 long plumose seta; distal segment with 6+6 plumose setae arranged in 2 groups. Endopod unsegmented with 1 long plumose seta on the posterior end. Exopod with 2 plumose setae and 2 aesthetascs (one of them longer and wider).
Antenna (Figure 2 G). Endopod unsegmented without setae. Exopod unsegmented with 13 plumose setae in the inner marginal, 1 spiny projection on apex and 1 plumose seta in the outer margin; otherwise unchanged.
Mandible. Unchanged.
Maxillule (Figure 3 C). Unchanged.
Maxilla. Exopod with 9 long plumose setae and microtrichias; otherwise unchanged.
First maxilliped (Figure 3 G). Unchanged.
Second maxilliped (Figure 4 D). Unchanged.
Third maxilliped (Figure 4 G). Endopod 5-segmented with setae arranged as 2,1,1,1+2,1+4 respectively; Exopod with 1+2+4 plumose natatory setae.
First pereiopod (Figure 5 C). Coxa without seta; basis with 1+1+2 sparsely plumose setae. Endopod 5- segmented, with 1,1,0,2,1+2. Exopod unsegmented, as long as endopod, with 2 subterminal and 4 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Second pereiopod (Figure 5 D). Biramous bud.
Third to fifth pereiopod. Absent.
Abdomen (Figures 1 D, 5H). Anal spine presents; otherwise unchanged.
Pleopods. Absent.
Uropods (Figure 5 H). Protopod without seta. Endopod well developed with 9 plumose setae. Exopod with 9 terminal and 3 subterminal plumose setae plus 1 simple seta on the outer apex.
Telson (Figure 5 H). Almost rectangular shaped; 1 pair of lateral simple setae, on the posterior margin with 5 pair of plumoserrulate setae and 2 pair of outer simple setae.
description: Published as part of Landeira, José María, Lozano-Soldevilla, Fernando, Almansa, Eduardo & González-Gordillo, Juan Ignacio, 2010, Early larval morphology of the armed nylon shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Decapoda, Caridea, Pandalidae) from laboratory culture, pp. 1-14 in Zootaxa 2427 on pages 2-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.194639