cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Watershed-Scale Effective Hydraulic Properties of the Continental United States
Creators: name: Band, L.
name: Pavelsky, T.
name: Tashie, A.
name: Topp, S.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: In land surface models (LSMs), the hydraulic properties of the subsurface are commonly estimated according to the texture of soils at the Earth's surface. This approach ignores macropores, fracture flow, heterogeneity, and the effects of variable distribution of water in the subsurface on effective watershed-scale hydraulic variables. Using hydrograph recession analysis, we empirically constrain estimates of watershed-scale effective hydraulic conductivities (K) and effective drainable aquifer storages (S) of all reference watersheds in the conterminous United States for which sufficient streamflow data are available (n = 1,561). Then, we use machine learning methods to model these properties across the entire conterminous United States. Model validation results in high confidence for estimates of log(K) (r2 > 0.89; 1% < bias < 9%) and reasonable confidence for S (r2 >0.83; −70% < bias < −18%). Our estimates of effective K are, on average, two orders of magnitude higher than comparable soil-texture-based estimates of average K, confirming the importance of soil structure and preferential flow pathways at the watershed scale. Our estimates of effective S compare favorably with recent global estimates of mobile groundwater and are spatially heterogeneous (5–3,355 mm). Because estimates of S are much lower than the global maximums generally used in LSMs (e.g., 5,000 mm in Noah-MP), they may serve both to limit model spin-up time and to constrain model parameters to more realistic values. These results represent the first attempt to constrain estimates of watershed-scale effective hydraulic variables that are necessary for the implementation of LSMs for the entire conterminous United States.
Theory of Unconventional Spin States in Surfaces with Non-Rashba Spin-Orbit Interaction
Creators: name: Nakajin, Kokin
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface states in Tl/Si(111) and Bi/Si(111) show non-Rashba-type spin splitting. We study spin-transport properties in these surface states. First we construct tight-binding Hamiltonians for Tl/Si and Bi/Si surfaces, which respect crystallographic symmetries. As a result, we find specific terms in the Tl/Si surface Hamiltonian responsible for non-Rashba spin splitting. Using this model we calculate current-induced spin polarization in the Tl/Si Hamiltonian in order to see the effect of non-Rashba spin-orbit interaction. We found that the induced spin polarization is in-plane and perpendicular to the current, which is consequently the same with Rashba systems. We find that it follows from crystallographic symmetries. Furthermore, we numerically find bound states at the junction between two surface regions which have different signs of the spin-orbit interaction parameters in the Bi/Si system and in the Tl/Si system. We explain these numerical results with the results of our analytical calculations.
description: Latex, 9 pages with 10 figures
(503062) Geoffrey Hugh Richardson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Homogenization of Composite Ferromagnetic Materials
Creators: name: Alouges, François
name: Di Fratta, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B27 74Qxx

description: Nowadays, nonhomogeneous and periodic ferromagnetic materials are the subject of a growing interest. Actually such periodic configurations often combine the attributes of the constituent materials, while sometimes, their properties can be strikingly different from the properties of the different constituents. These periodic configurations can be therefore used to achieve physical and chemical properties difficult to achieve with homogeneous materials. To predict the magnetic behavior of such composite materials is of prime importance for applications. The main objective of this paper is to perform, by means of Gamma-convergence and two-scale convergence, a rigorous derivation of the homogenized Gibbs-Landau free energy functional associated to a composite periodic ferromagnetic material, i.e. a ferromagnetic material in which the heterogeneities are periodically distributed inside the ferromagnetic media. We thus describe the Gamma-limit of the Gibbs-Landau free energy functional, as the period over which the heterogeneities are distributed inside the ferromagnetic body shrinks to zero.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure. Keywords: Micromagnetics, Periodic Homogenization, Gamma Convergence, Two-scale Convergence, Demagnetizing Field
(503061) Sarah Anne Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Light-Front Vacuum
Creators: name: Herrmann, Marc
name: Polyzou, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: The vacuum in the light-front representation of quantum field theory is trivial while vacuum in the equivalent canonical representation of the same theory is non-trivial. Purpose: Understand the relation between the vacuum in light-front and canonical representations of quantum field theory and the role of zero-modes in this relation. Method: Vacuua are defined as linear functionals on an algebra of field operators. The role of the algebra in the definition of the vacuum is exploited to understand this relation. Results: The vacuum functional can be extended from the light-front Fock algebra to an algebra of local observables. The extension to the algebra of local observables is responsible for the inequivalence. The extension defines a unitary mapping between the physical representation of the local algebra and a sub-algebra of the light-front Fock algebra. Conclusion: There is a unitary mapping from the physical representation of the algebra of local observables to a sub-algebra of the light-front Fock algebra with the free light-front Fock vacuum. The dynamics appears in the mapping and the structure of the sub-algebra. This correspondence provides a formulation of locality and Poincaré invariance on the light-front Fock space.
description: 17 Pages
(503060) Jennifer Ann Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Remote sensing of lake ice phenology in Alaska
Creators: name: Zhang, S.
name: Yang, X.
name: Arp, C.D.
name: Pavelsky, T.M.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: The timing of lake ice breakup and freezeup are important indicators of climate change in Arctic and boreal regions because they respond rapidly and directly to variations in climate conditions. Despite its importance, lake ice phenology remains poorly documented in most lakes of Alaska. To fill this data gap, we constructed a remote sensing-derived lake ice phenology database covering all lakes in Alaska larger than 1 km2 (n = 4241) over the period 2000–2019. This dataset, which includes lake ice on/off dates and lake ice duration, was based on an automatic method using daily moderate resolution imaging spectroradiomenter (MODIS) imagery to measure lake ice fraction. This method extracts lake ice pixels from MODIS images using a dynamic threshold that was calibrated against Landsat Fmask. Different filters that account for clouds, polar night, and other sources of error were applied to increase the accuracy of lake ice phenology estimation. Trend analysis shows earlier breakup (−5.5 d decade−1) for 440 lakes and later breakup (7.5 d decade−1) for four lakes (p < 0.05). A total of 289 lakes had significant trends toward later freezeup (2.9 d decade−1) and 11 lakes towards earlier freezeup (−3.3 d decade−1). Most lakes with significant trends are north of the Brooks Range. This dataset can contribute to increased understanding of interactions between lake processes and climate change, and it supports the study of biogeochemical, limnological and ecological regimes in Alaska and pan-Arctic regions.
(503059) David Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Phonon spectral function of the one-dimensional Holstein-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Weber, Manuel
name: Assaad, Fakher F.
name: Hohenadler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the continuous-time interaction expansion (CT-INT) quantum Monte Carlo method to calculate the phonon spectral function of the one-dimensional Holstein-Hubbard model at half-filling. Our results are consistent with a soft-mode Peierls transition in the adiabatic regime, and the existence of a central peak related to long-range order in the Peierls phase. We explain a previously observed feature at small momenta in terms of a hybridization of charge and phonon excitations. Tuning the system from a Peierls to a metallic phase with a nonzero Hubbard interaction suppresses the central peak, but a significant renormalization of the phonon dispersion remains. In contrast, the dispersion is only weakly modified in the Mott phase. We discuss finite-size effects, the relation to the dynamic charge structure factor, as well as additional sum rules and their implications. Finally, we reveal the existence of a discrete symmetry in a continuum field theory of the Holstein model, which is spontaneously broken in the Peierls phase.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The loop group and the cobar construction
Creators: name: Hess, Kathryn
name: Tonks, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P35 (Primary), 16W30, 18G30, 55U10, 57T05, 57T30 (Secondary)

description: We prove that for any 1-reduced simplicial set X, Adams' cobar construction, ΩCX, on the normalised chain complex of X is naturally a strong deformation retract of the normalised chains CGX on the Kan loop group GX, opening up the possibility of applying the tools of homological algebra to transfering perturbations of algebraic structure from the latter to the former. In order to prove our theorem, we extend the definition of the cobar construction and actually obtain the existence of such a strong deformation retract for all 0-reduced simplicial sets.
description: 14 pages
Strain engineering Dirac surface states in heteroepitaxial topological crystalline insulator thin films
Creators: name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
name: Walkup, Daniel
name: Assaf, Badih
name: Scipioni, Kane L
name: Sankar, R.
name: Chou, Fangcheng
name: Madhavan, Vidya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In newly discovered topological crystalline insulators (TCIs), the unique crystalline protection of the surface state (SS) band structure has led to a series of intriguing predictions of strain generated phenomena, from the appearance of pseudo-magnetic fields and helical flat bands, to the tunability of the Dirac SS by strain that may be used to construct "straintronic" nanoswitches. However, practical realization of this exotic phenomenology via strain engineering is experimentally challenging and is yet to be achieved. In this work, we have designed an experiment to not only generate and measure strain locally, but to also directly measure the resulting effects on the Dirac SS. We grow heteroepitaxial thin films of TCI SnTe in-situ and measure them by using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Large STM images were analyzed to determine picoscale changes in the atomic positions which reveal regions of both tensile and compressive strain. Simultaneous Fourier-transform STM was then used to determine the effects of strain on the Dirac electrons. We find that strain continuously tunes the momentum space position of the Dirac points, consistent with theoretical predictions. Our work demonstrates the fundamental mechanism necessary for using TCIs in strain-based applications, and establishes these systems as highly tunable platforms for nanodevices.
Multi-decadal improvement in US Lake water clarity
Creators: name: Ross, M.R.V.
name: Stanley, E.H.
name: Topp, S.N.
name: Yang, X.
name: Pavelsky, T.M.
name: Griffin, C.G.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Across the globe, recent work examining the state of freshwater resources paints an increasingly dire picture of degraded water quality. However, much of this work either focuses on a small subset of large waterbodies or uses in situ water quality datasets that contain biases in when and where sampling occurred. Using these unrepresentative samples limits our understanding of landscape level changes in aquatic systems. In lakes, overall water clarity provides a strong proxy for water quality because it responds to surrounding atmospheric and terrestrial processes. Here, we use satellite remote sensing of over 14 000 lakes to show that lake water clarity in the U.S. has increased by an average of 0.52 cm yr-1 since 1984. The largest increases occurred prior to 2000 in densely populated catchments and within smaller waterbodies. This is consistent with observed improvements in water quality in U.S. streams and lakes stemming from sweeping environmental reforms in the 1970s and 1980s that prioritized point-source pollution in largely urban areas. The comprehensive, long-term trends presented here emphasize the need for representative sampling of freshwater resources when examining macroscale trends and are consistent with the idea that extensive U.S. freshwater pollution abatement measures have been effective and enduring, at least for point-source pollution controls.
Classification of four dimensional real Lie bialgebras of symplectic type and their Poisson-Lie groups
Creators: name: Abedi-Fardad, J.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
name: Haghighatdoost, Gh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we classify all four dimensional real Lie bialgebras of symplectic type. The classical r- matrices for these Lie bialgebras and Poisson structures on all of the related four dimensional Poisson-Lie groups are also obtained. Some new integrable models for which the Poisson-Lie group plays the role as a phase space and its dual Lie group plays the role of a symmetry group of the system, are obtained.
description: 25 pages
Discovery of superoxide reductase: an historical perspective
Creators: name: Nivière, Vincent
name: Fontecave, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: For more than 30 years, the only enzymatic system known to catalyze the elimination of superoxide was superoxide dismutase, SOD. SOD has been found in almost all organisms living in the presence of oxygen, including some anaerobic bacteria, supporting the notion that superoxide is a key and general component of oxidative stress. Recently, a new concept in the field of the mechanisms of cellular defense against superoxide has emerged. It was discovered that elimination of superoxide in some anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria could occur by reduction, a reaction catalyzed by a small metalloenzyme thus named superoxide reductase, SOR. Having played a major role in this discovery, we describe here how the concept of superoxide reduction emerged and how it was experimentally substantiated independently in our laboratory.
A semigroup approach to Finsler geometry: Bakry-Ledoux's isoperimetric inequality
Creators: name: Ohta, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop the celebrated semigroup approach à la Bakry et al on Finsler manifolds, where natural Laplacian and heat semigroup are nonlinear, based on the Bochner-Weitzenböck formula established by Sturm and the author. We show the $L^1$-gradient estimate on Finsler manifolds (under some additional assumptions in the noncompact case), which is equivalent to a lower weighted Ricci curvature bound and the improved Bochner inequality. As a geometric application, we prove Bakry-Ledoux's Gaussian isoperimetric inequality, again under some additional assumptions in the noncompact case. This extends Cavalletti-Mondino's inequality on reversible Finsler manifolds to non-reversible metrics, and improves the author's previous estimate, both based on the localization (also called needle decomposition) method.
description: 32 pages; v3: minor revisions; to appear in Comm. Anal. Geom
การพัฒนาบทเรียนบนเครือข่ายอินเทอร์เน็ตเพื่อการทบทวนเรื่อง อุปกรณ์เครือข่าย
Creators: name: อรวรรณ ระย้า
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2010
Subjects: Development
Networking
Web-Based Instruction for Tutorial
การพัฒนา
บทเรียนบนเครือข่ายอินเทอร์เน็ตเพื่อการทบทวน
อุปกรณ์เครือข่าย

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 4, 2, 54-62
Beyond AdS Space-times, New Holographic Correspondences and Applications
Creators: name: Ghodrati, Mahdis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To describe Lifshitz and hyperscaling violating (HSV) phenomena in CM one uses gauge fields on the gravity side which naturally realize the breaking of Lorentz invariance. These gravity constructions often contain naked singularities. In this thesis, we construct a resolution of the infra-red (IR) singularity of the HSV background. The idea is to add squared curvature terms to the Einstein-Maxwell dilaton action to build a flow from $\text{AdS}_4$ in the ultra violate (UV) to an intermediating HSV region and then to an $\text{AdS}_2 \times {\text{R}}^2$ region in the IR. This general solution is free from the naked singularities and would be more appropriate for applications of HSV in physical systems.
 We also study the Schwinger effect by using the AdS/CFT duality. We present the phase diagrams of the Schwinger effect and also the "butterfly shaped-phase diagrams" of the entanglement entropy for four different confining supergravity backgrounds. Comparing different features of all of these diagrams could point out to a potential relation between the Schwinger effect and the entanglement entropy which could lead to a method of measuring entanglement entropy in the laboratory.
 Finally, we study the "new massive gravity" theory and the different black hole solutions it admits. We first present three different methods of calculating the conserved charges. Then, by calculating the on-shell Gibbs free energy we construct the Hawking-Page phase diagrams for different solutions in two thermodynamical ensembles. As the massive gravity models are dual to dissipating systems, studying the Hawking-Page diagrams could point out to interesting results for the confinement-deconfinement phase transitions of the dual boundary theories.
description: 143 pages; PhD thesis based on arXiv:1404.5399, arXiv:1506.08557, arXiv:1601.04403, arXiv:1606.04353; Defended on July. 6th, 2016
(503058) [?] Parker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
System Dynamics Modelling of Manufacturing in the Aerospace Industry
Creators: name: Britten, Alexander
name: Sosa, Jose Curiel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91005 Manufacturing Management
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91304 Dynamics, Vibration and Vibration Control

description: It is in human nature to deal with a problem by determining its cause, and then tackling this cause to solve the problem. This works well on a simple scale, however becomes much more difficult as a problem becomes more complex. A systems way of thinking requires a shift from viewing causes and events in isolation to looking at a system as a whole, in particular the interaction of its parts.
On the interplay between notions of additive and multiplicative largeness and its combinatorial applications
Creators: name: Bergelson, Vitaly
name: Glasscock, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many natural notions of additive and multiplicative largeness arise from results in Ramsey theory. In this paper, we explain the relationships between these notions for subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ and in more general ring-theoretic structures. We show that multiplicative largeness begets additive largeness in three ways and give a collection of examples demonstrating the optimality of these results. We also give a variety of applications arising from the connection between additive and multiplicative largeness. For example, we show that given any $n, k \in \mathbb{N}$, any finite set with fewer than $n$ elements in a sufficiently large finite field can be translated so that each of its elements becomes a non-zero $k^{\text{th}}$ power. We also prove a theorem concerning Diophantine approximation along multiplicatively syndetic subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ and a theorem showing that subsets of positive upper Banach density in certain multiplicative sub-semigroups of $\mathbb{N}$ of zero density contain arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. Along the way, we develop a new characterization of upper Banach density in a wide class of amenable semigroups and make explicit the uniformity in recurrence theorems from measure theoretic and topological dynamics. This in turn leads to strengthened forms of classical theorems of Szemerédi and van der Waerden on arithmetic progressions.
description: 52 pages, 2 figures; V4: updated references and a correction to the order of quantifiers in Theorem 8.8
Field-induced superconducting phase of FeSe in the BCS-BEC cross-over
Creators: name: Kasahara, S.
name: Watashige, T.
name: Hanaguri, T.
name: Kohsaka, Y.
name: Yamashita, T.
name: Shimoyama, Y.
name: Mizukami, Y.
name: Endo, R.
name: Ikeda, H.
name: Aoyama, K.
name: Terashima, T.
name: Uji, S.
name: Wolf, T.
name: Löhneysenn, H. v.
name: Shibauchi, T.
name: Matsuda, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi systems in the crossover regime between weakly coupled Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and strongly coupled Bose-Einstein-condensate (BEC) limits are among the most fascinating objects to study the behavior of an assembly of strongly interacting particles. The physics of this crossover has been of considerable interest both in the fields of condensed matter and ultracold atoms. One of the most challenging issue in this regime is the effect of large spin imbalance on a Fermi system under magnetic fields. Although several exotic physical properties have been predicted theoretically, the experimental realization of such an unusual superconducting state has not been achieved so far. Here we show that pure single crystals of superconducting FeSe offer the possibility to enter the previously unexplored realm where the three energies, Fermi energy $\varepsilon_{\rm F}$, superconducting gap $Δ$ and Zeeman energy, become comparable. Through the superfluid response, transport, thermoelectric response, and spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy, we demonstrate that $\varepsilon_{\rm F}$ of FeSe is extremely small, with the ratio $Δ/\varepsilon_{\rm F}\sim1 (\sim0.3)$ in the electron (hole) band. Moreover, thermal-conductivity measurements give evidence of a distinct phase line below the upper critical field, where the Zeeman energy becomes comparable to $\varepsilon_{\rm F}$ and $Δ$. The observation of this field-induced phase provides insights into previously poorly understood aspects of the highly spin-polarized Fermi liquid in the BCS-BEC crossover regime.
description: Accepted for publication in PNAS
The Dual Diameter of Triangulations
Creators: name: Korman, Matias
name: Langerman, Stefan
name: Mulzer, Wolfgang
name: Pilz, Alexander
name: Saumell, Maria
name: Vogtenhuber, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let $\Poly$ be a simple polygon with $n$ vertices. The \emph{dual graph} $\triang^*$ of a triangulation~$\triang$ of~$\Poly$ is the graph whose vertices correspond to the bounded faces of $\triang$ and whose edges connect those faces of~$\triang$ that share an edge. We consider triangulations of~$\Poly$ that minimize or maximize the diameter of their dual graph. We show that both triangulations can be constructed in $O(n^3\log n)$ time using dynamic programming. If $\Poly$ is convex, we show that any minimizing triangulation has dual diameter exactly $2\cdot\lceil\log_2(n/3)\rceil$ or $2\cdot\lceil\log_2(n/3)\rceil -1$, depending on~$n$. Trivially, in this case any maximizing triangulation has dual diameter $n-2$. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between the dual diameter and the number of \emph{ears} (triangles with exactly two edges incident to the boundary of $\Poly$) in a triangulation. For convex $\Poly$, we show that there is always a triangulation that simultaneously minimizes the dual diameter and maximizes the number of ears. In contrast, we give examples of general simple polygons where every triangulation that maximizes the number of ears has dual diameter that is quadratic in the minimum possible value. We also consider the case of point sets in general position in the plane. We show that for any such set of $n$ points there are triangulations with dual diameter in~$O(\log n)$ and in~$Ω(\sqrt n)$.
Augmented Lagrangian Functions for Cone Constrained Optimization: the Existence of Global Saddle Points and Exact Penalty Property
Creators: name: Dolgopolik, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K05, 90C30

description: In the article we present a general theory of augmented Lagrangian functions for cone constrained optimization problems that allows one to study almost all known augmented Lagrangians for cone constrained programs within a unified framework. We develop a new general method for proving the existence of global saddle points of augmented Lagrangian functions, called the localization principle. The localization principle unifies, generalizes and sharpens most of the known results on existence of global saddle points, and, in essence, reduces the problem of the existence of saddle points to a local analysis of optimality conditions. With the use of the localization principle we obtain first necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a global saddle point of an augmented Lagrangian for cone constrained minimax problems via both second and first order optimality conditions. In the second part of the paper, we present a general approach to the construction of globally exact augmented Lagrangian functions. The general approach developed in this paper allowed us not only to sharpen most of the existing results on globally exact augmented Lagrangians, but also to construct first globally exact augmented Lagrangian functions for equality constrained optimization problems, for nonlinear second order cone programs and for nonlinear semidefinite programs. These globally exact augmented Lagrangians can be utilized in order to design new superlinearly (or even quadratically) convergent optimization methods for cone constrained optimization problems.
description: This is a preprint of an article published by Springer in Journal of Global Optimization (2018). The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10898-017-0603-0. In the latest version of the preprint some small mistakes in Examples 6 and 9, and in Section 3.3 (p. 10) were corrected
(503057) [Col.] Parker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Color of Rivers
Creators: name: Altenau, E.H.
name: Gardner, J.R.
name: Yang, X.
name: Topp, S.N.
name: Ross, M.R.V.
name: Pavelsky, T.M.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Rivers are among the most imperiled ecosystems globally, yet we do not have broad-scale understanding of their changing ecology because most are rarely sampled. Water color, as perceived by the human eye, is an integrative measure of water quality directly observed by satellites. We examined patterns in river color between 1984 and 2018 by building a remote sensing database of surface reflectance, RiverSR, extracted from 234,727 Landsat images covering 108,000 kilometers of rivers > 60 m wide in the contiguous USA. We found 1) broad regional patterns in river color, with 56% of observations dominantly yellow and 38% dominantly green; 2) river color has three distinct seasonal patterns that were synchronous with flow regimes; 3) one third of rivers had significant color shifts over the last 35 years. RiverSR provides the first map of river color and new insights into macrosystems ecology of rivers.
Evidence for a hybridization gap in noncentrosymmetric CeRuSi3
Creators: name: Smidman, M.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Goremychkin, E. A.
name: Lees, M. R.
name: Paul, D. M.
name: Balakrishnan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and specific heat measurements have been performed on the intermediate valence compound CeRuSi$_3$, which is isostructural to the noncentrosymmetric pressure-induced superconductors CeRhSi$_3$, CeIrSi$_3$ and CeCoGe$_3$. INS measurements at 7~K reveal a broad peak at (58.5~$\pm$~1.4)~meV, while at 300~K, broad quasielastic scattering is observed. This indicates a large Kondo temperature of $T_{\rm K}~\sim~680$~K. The magnetic contribution to the specific heat ($C_{\rm mag}$) has a value of $γ~=~62.5(1)$~mJ/mol~K$^2$ at low temperatures and above about 100~K can be well accounted for by the Coqlbin-Schrieffer model with a characteristic temperature of $T_0$~=~680~K, which is further evidence that CeRuSi$_3$ is in the intermediate valence regime.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
(503056) Flora Millicent Parker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Raman scattering as a probe of nematic correlations
Creators: name: Khodas, M.
name: Levchenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the symmetry constrained low energy effective Hamiltonian of iron based superconductors to study the Raman scattering in the normal state of underdoped iron-based superconductors. The incoming and scattered Raman photons couple directly to orbital fluctuations and indirectly to the spin fluctuations. We computed both couplings within the same low energy model. The symmetry constrained Hamiltonian yields the coupling between the orbital and spin fluctuations of only the same symmetry type. Attraction in B2g symmetry channel was assumed for the system to develop the subleading instability towards the discrete in-plane rotational symmetry breaking, referred to as Ising nematic transition. We find that upon approaching this instability, the Raman spectral function develops a quasi-elastic peak as a function of energy transferred by photons to the crystal. We attribute this low-energy B2g scattering to the critical slow-down associated with the build up of nematic correlations.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
(503055) Betty Edith Lawrance Porter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Existence of augmented Lagrange multipliers: reduction to exact penalty functions and localization principle
Creators: name: Dolgopolik, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C30, 65K05

description: In this article, we present new general results on existence of augmented Lagrange multipliers. We define a penalty function associated with an augmented Lagrangian, and prove that, under a certain growth assumption on the augmenting function, an augmented Lagrange multiplier exists if and only if this penalty function is exact. We also develop a new general approach to the study of augmented Lagrange multipliers called the localization principle. The localization principle allows one to study the local behaviour of the augmented Lagrangian near globally optimal solutions of the initial optimization problem in order to prove the existence of augmented Lagrange multipliers.
description: This is a slightly edited verion of a pre-print of an article published in Mathematical Programming. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-017-1122-y In this version, a mistake in the proof of Theorem 4 was corrected
Self-contracted curves in spaces with weak lower curvature bound
Creators: name: Lebedeva, Nina
name: Ohta, Shin-ichi
name: Zolotov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51F99

description: We show that bounded self-contracted curves are rectifiable in metric spaces with weak lower curvature bound in a sense we introduce in this article. This class of spaces is wide and includes, for example, finite-dimensional Alexandrov spaces of curvature bounded below and Berwald spaces of nonnegative flag curvature. (To be more precise, our condition is regarded as a strengthened doubling condition and holds also for a certain class of metric spaces with upper curvature bound.) We also provide the non-embeddability of large snowflakes into (balls in) metric spaces in the same class. We follow the strategy of the last author's previous paper based on the small rough angle condition, where spaces with upper curvature bound are considered. The results in this article show that such a strategy applies to spaces with lower curvature bound as well.
description: A goofy mistake in formulations of Theorem 2 and 4 is fixed
title: The Order and the Volk. Romantic Roots and Enduring Fascination of German Constitutional History
Creators: name: Conte, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2019

description: Per gli storici legali tedeschi del diciannovesimo secolo, la Germania esisteva come nazione ben prima della fondazione di uno Stato unitario. Basata su valori condivisi e uno spirito comune, questa nazione fu descritta come dotata di una costituzione (Verfassung) non emanata da alcun potere costituzionale ma bensì basata sull'ordine concreto delle comunità tedesche. Dopo il 1920, gli storici sociali tedeschi hanno preso la fiaccola di questa visione della storia istituzionale dalle mani degli storici legali. In quanto rappresentante più importante della storiografia costituzionale tedesca durante il periodo nazista, Otto Brunner pubblicò una serie di saggi che diffondevano ampiamente questa visione identitaria delle leggi nazionali anche al di fuori dei confini della Germania, presentando la legge medievale come un "ordine" immanente piuttosto che come un insieme di norme statali. Nonostante siano chiaramente guidati dai dibattiti politici e culturali della Germania del XIX-XX secolo, i concetti chiave di questo flusso storiografico (chiamato Vefassungsgeschichte) sono ancora utilizzati dalla ricerca storica giuridica francese e italiana.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2019
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission River Database (SWORD): A Global River Network for Satellite Data Products
Creators: name: Durand, M.T.
name: Altenau, E.H.
name: Pavelsky, T.M.
name: Frasson, R.P.D.M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Bendezu, L.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: The upcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission, planned to launch in 2022, is the first mission to focus on measuring hydrological processes in Earth's surface water. As such, SWOT will vastly expand observations of global rivers ≥100 m wide. SWOT will provide a variety of data products, including a global vector river product containing water surface elevation (WSE), width, slope, and estimated discharge. Practical application and consistency of the SWOT vector products requires a prior global river network database divided into reaches. Here, we introduce the SWOT River Database (SWORD). SWORD will serve as the framework for the SWOT river vector products consisting of river reaches (∼10 km long) and nodes (∼200 m spacing). We generate SWORD by combining several global river- and satellite-related data sets into one congruent product. When defining river reaches, we incorporate natural and human-created river obstructions, basin boundaries, tributary junctions, and SWOT orbit track information. SWORD contains a total of 213,485 reaches and 10.7 million nodes. Globally, 77.3% of river reach lengths are between 10 and 20 km with a median reach length of 10.5 km. 95% of river reaches ≥10 km will have sufficient SWOT observations to provide discharge estimates at least once per orbit cycle. SWORD also contains many useful hydrologic and morphological attributes and is designed to be expandable in the future. Even before the launch of SWOT, it can serve as a framework for global hydrologic analyses using models, in situ measurements, and additional satellite observations.
(503054) L E Dickson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
การประเมินความรู้และพฤติกรรมของผู้เรียนจากกระบวนการถ่ายโอนความรู้จากผู้สอบไปยังผู้เรียน
Creators: name: กรวรรณ สืบสม
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2010
Subjects: Attitude of Learners
Behavior of Learners
Knowledge Ambiguity
Knowledge Disruption
Learners' Perception
Skill of Learners
การรับรรู้
การเรียนรู้
ความซ้ำซ้อนขององค์ความรู้
ทักษะ
ทัศนคติ
พฤติกรรม

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 4, 2, 63-82
Tableaux Modulo Theories Using Superdeduction
Creators: name: Jacquel, Mélanie
name: Berkani, Karim
name: Delahaye, David
name: Dubois, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method that allows us to develop tableaux modulo theories using the principles of superdeduction, among which the theory is used to enrich the deduction system with new deduction rules. This method is presented in the framework of the Zenon automated theorem prover, and is applied to the set theory of the B method. This allows us to provide another prover to Atelier B, which can be used to verify B proof rules in particular. We also propose some benchmarks, in which this prover is able to automatically verify a part of the rules coming from the database maintained by Siemens IC-MOL. Finally, we describe another extension of Zenon with superdeduction, which is able to deal with any first order theory, and provide a benchmark coming from the TPTP library, which contains a large set of first order problems.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.01170
Mapping and Predicting Desert Locust Invasion
Creators: name: Cherenet, Elias
name: Houel, Maximilien
name: Kamou, Winnie
name: Ndugu, Lilian
name: Kasoma, Paul
name: Kizito Odhiambo
name: Christus Cito Miderho
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: The best way to predict locust swarms is to use satellite data to detect and measure impact. Satellite imagery and earth observation data can be used as a proxy to measure the volume of the vegetation on the ground, helping identify areas where urgent help is needed. This approach allows us to estimate the degree of damage likely to result from locust swarms.

This report is an output of the Kampala INSPIRE Hackathon 2020. The Hackathon addressed key topics identified by the IST-Africa 2020 conference, such as: Agriculture, environmental sustainability, collaborative open innovation, and ICT-enabled entrepreneurship.

The goal of the event was to continue to build on the efforts of the 2019 Nairobi INSPIRE Hackathon, further strengthening relationships between various EU projects and African communities. It was a successful event, with more than 200 participants representing 26 African countries. The INSPIRE Hackathons are not a competition, rather the main focus is building relationships, making rapid developments, and collecting ideas for future research and innovation.

Organised in the framewok of the IST Africa 2020 Conference, the Hackathon was a collaborative event organised by: Plan4all, Club of Ossiach associations, GODAN, FAO, IST-Africa Conference, Makerere University, AfriGEO, RCMRD and EU projects including EO4Agri, STARGATE, RDA Europe 4.0, SIEUSOIL, DEMETER, SmartAgriHubs, NextGEOSS, EUXDAT, PoliVisu and AFarCloud.

Find out more here: https://www.plan4all.eu/kampala-inspire-hackathon-2020/.
Please contact Kathryn Bailey, Communications Consultan, Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition (GODAN) for more information: kathryn.bailey@godan.info.