cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introducing the NewHorizon simulation: Galaxy properties with resolved internal dynamics across cosmic time
Creators: name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Beckmann, Ricarda
name: Bournaud, Frédéric
name: Choi, Hoseung
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Jackson, Ryan
name: Kaviraj, Sugata
name: Kimm, Taysun
name: Kraljic, Katarina
name: Laigle, Clotilde
name: Martin, Garreth
name: Park, Min-Jung
name: Peirani, Sébastien
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamical cosmological simulations are increasing their level of realism by considering more physical processes and having greater resolution or larger statistics. However, usually either the statistical power of such simulations or the resolution reached within galaxies are sacrificed. Here, we introduce the NewHorizon project in which we simulate at high resolution a zoom-in region of $\sim(16\,\rm Mpc)^3$ that is larger than a standard zoom-in region around a single halo and is embedded in a larger box. A resolution of up to 34 pc is reached within galaxies; this allows the simulation to capture the multi-phase nature of the interstellar medium and the clumpy nature of the star formation process in galaxies. In this introductory paper, we present several key fundamental properties of galaxies and their black holes, including the galaxy mass function, cosmic star formation rate, galactic metallicities, the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation, the stellar-to-halo mass relation, galaxy sizes, stellar kinematics and morphology, gas content within galaxies and its kinematics, and the black hole mass and spin properties over time. The various scaling relations are broadly reproduced by NewHorizon with some differences with the standard observables. Owing to its exquisite spatial resolution, NewHorizon captures the inefficient process of star formation in galaxies, which evolve over time from being more turbulent, gas rich, and star bursting at high redshift. These high-redshift galaxies are also more compact, and they are more elliptical and clumpier until the level of internal gas turbulence decays enough to allow for the formation of discs. The NewHorizon simulation gives access to a broad range of galaxy formation and evolution physics at low-to-intermediate stellar masses, which is a regime that will become accessible in the near future through surveys such as the LSST.
description: 29 pages, 28 figures, A&A accepted
Frieling, Reinhard / Ortmann, Ernst-Albert, Katholisch und Evangelisch
Creators: name: Urban, Hans Jörg
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 1
On the temperature dependence of the interaction-induced entanglement
Creators: name: Khasin, Michael
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both direct and indirect weak nonresonant interactions are shown to produce entanglement between two initially disentangled systems prepared as a tensor product of thermal states, provided the initial temperature is sufficiently low. Entanglement is determined by the Peres-Horodeckii criterion, which establishes that a composite state is entangled if its partial transpose is not positive. If the initial temperature of the thermal states is higher than an upper critical value $T_{uc}$ the minimal eigenvalue of the partially transposed density matrix of the composite state remains positive in the course of the evolution. If the initial temperature of the thermal states is lower than a lower critical value $T_{lc}\leq T_{uc}$ the minimal eigenvalue of the partially transposed density matrix of the composite state becomes negative which means that entanglement develops. We calculate the lower bound $T_{lb}$ for $T_{lc}$ and show that the negativity of the composite state is negligibly small in the interval $T_{lb}
description: 27 pages and 7 figures
CIVIC COMMUNITY APPROACHES TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE SOUTH: ECONOMIC GROWTH WITH PROSPERITY
Creators: name: Robinson, Kenneth L.
name: Lyson, Thomas A.
name: Christy, Ralph D.
name: Robinson, Kenneth L.
name: Lyson, Thomas A.
name: Christy, Ralph D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: civic community
subject: economic growth
subject: rural development
subject: social capital
subject: Southern United States

description: The free market-based policies of the corporate community model have skewed economic development across the South. For many small, rural communities, the consequences of global capitalism have resulted in declining real wages, high underemployment, and increasing rates of income inequality. Backed by recent scholarship and grassroots movements that suggest both civic engagement and the presence of smaller-scale, locally controlled enerprises can help determine whether communities prosper or decline, this paper explores the links between social structure and rural development in the South. The goal is to expand our understanding of civic community theory as an alternative to the neoclassical economic model of development. Using a local problem-solving framework, we suggest that a departure from the traditional, neoclassical path of development is in order. We conclude that rural policy makers must establish a role for civic community in the rural development process if they wish to protect the welfare of workers and communities, while increasing the prospects of economic growth with prosperity.
Reservoir turbidity modelling using artificial neural networks and the estimation of performance indicators
Creators: name: Chan-Yan, Deborah A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Ensuring proper suspended sediment and turbidity control requires an understanding of water body response to turbidity-causing events. This thesis describes an approach which evaluates turbidity control using risk-based performance indicators, and which is suitable for application in a wide range of water resource problems. In particular, the performance of a water supply reservoir under major drawdown conditions is evaluated in terms of meeting water quality turbidity objectives. The case study presented is based on the Capilano Reservoir located in North Vancouver, British Columbia. Response to turbidity-causing events is simulated using artificial neural networks, and turbidity levels are estimated for both the annual and wet season periods. In addition, artificial neural network models are developed for short-term forecasting of turbidity levels at the reservoir outlet. Reservoir reliability and resilience are then estimated using FORM. Reliability and resilience estimates are derived for various scenarios of interest and, as a result, can be used to evaluate tradeoffs between meeting proposed drawdown objectives and the elevated turbidity levels that may occur within the water body. The reservoir is shown to exhibit poorer performance during the wet season, particularly in the October to December period, compared to its overall performance on an annual basis.
Quantum Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and Pesin relation
Creators: name: Goldfriend, Tomer
name: Kurchan, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a quantum Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy defined as the entropy production per unit time resulting from coupling the system to a weak, auxiliary bath. The expressions we obtain are fully quantum, but require that the system is such that there is a separation between the Ehrenfest and the correlation timescales. We show that they reduce to the classical definition in the semiclassical limit, one instance where this separation holds. We show a quantum (Pesin) relation between this entropy and the sum of positive eigenvalues of a matrix describing phase-space expansion. Generalizations to the case where entropy grows sublinearly with time are possible.
SparsePak Observations of Diffuse Ionized Gas Halo Kinematics in NGC 891
Creators: name: Heald, G. H.
name: Rand, R. J.
name: Benjamin, R. A.
name: Bershady, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present WIYN SparsePak observations of the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) halo of NGC 891. Preliminary results of an analysis of the halo velocity field reveal a clear gradient of the azimuthal velocity with z which agrees with results for the neutral gas. The magnitude of the gradient has been determined, using two independent methods, to be approximately 15 km/s/kpc.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the proceedings of the Island Universes conference held in Terschelling, Netherlands, July 2005, ed. R. de Jong
Linking structures of doubly charged nodal surfaces in centrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Kim, Sunje
name: Ryu, Dong-Choon
name: Yang, Bohm-Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In topological semimetals and nodal superconductors, band crossings between occupied and unoccupied bands form stable nodal points/lines/surfaces carrying quantized topological charges. In particular, in centrosymmetric systems, some nodal structures at the Fermi energy $E_F$ carry two distinct topological charges, and thus they are called doubly charged nodes. Here we show that doubly charged nodal surfaces of centrosymmetric superconductors in three-dimensions always develop peculiar linking structures with nodal points or lines formed between occupied bands below $E_F$. Such linking structures can naturally explain the inherent relationship between the charge of the node below $E_F$ and the two charges of the nodal surfaces at $E_F$. Based on the Altland-Zirnbauer (AZ)-type ten-fold classification of nodes with additional inversion $\mathcal{I}$ symmetry, which is called the AZ$+\mathcal{I}$ classification, we provide the complete list of linking structures of doubly charged nodes in centrosymmetric systems. The linking structures of doubly charged nodes clearly demonstrate that not only the local band structure around the node but also the global band structure play a critical role in characterizing gapless topological phases.
description: 16 pages, 3+5 figures
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS?
Creators: name: Marchant, Mary A.
name: Cornell, Dyana N.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Marchant, Mary A.
name: Cornell, Dyana N.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: East Asia
subject: exports
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: international trade
subject: processed foods

description: International agricultural trade has evolved over time. Processed foods and developing countries have become major growth markets for U.S. agricultural exports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) has become even more important than exports as a means of accessing foreign markets. The critical question is whether FDI is a substitute for or a complement of exports. This research builds upon an existing theoretical FDI model and contributes to the literature through the development of a simultaneous equation system for FDI and exports, which is estimated using two-stage least squares. Empirical analyses were used to examine the relationship between U.S. FDI and exports of processed foods into East Asian countries - China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan - from 1989 to 1998. The results indicated that a complementary relationship between FDI and exports. Additionally, these results indicated that interest rates, exchange rates, gross domestic product (GDP), and compensation rates are important variables that influence U.S. FDI in East Asian countries, while GDP, exchange rates, and export prices are important export determinants.
Tunable proximity effects and topological superconductivity in ferromagnetic hybrid nanowires
Creators: name: Escribano, Samuel D.
name: Prada, Elsa
name: Oreg, Yuval
name: Yeyati, Alfredo Levy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid semiconducting nanowire devices combining epitaxial superconductor and ferromagnetic insulator layers have been recently explored experimentally as an alternative platform for topological superconductivity at zero applied magnetic field. In this proof-of-principle work we show that the topological regime can be reached in actual devices depending on some geometrical constraints. To this end, we perform numerical simulations of InAs wires in which we explicitly include the superconducting Al and magnetic EuS shells, as well as the interaction with the electrostatic environment at a self-consistent mean-field level. Our calculations show that both the magnetic and the superconducting proximity effects on the nanowire can be tuned by nearby gates thanks to their ability to move the wavefunction across the wire section. We find that the topological phase is achieved in significant portions of the phase diagram only in configurations where the Al and EuS layers overlap on some wire facet, due to the rather local direct induced spin polarization and the appearance of an extra indirect exchange field through the superconductor. While of obvious relevance for the explanation of recent experiments, tunable proximity effects are of interest in the broader field of superconducting spintronics.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. v2: final version
Physical degrees of freedom in stabilized brane world models
Creators: name: Boos, Edward E.
name: Mikhailov, Yuri S.
name: Smolyakov, Mikhail N.
name: Volobuev, Igor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider brane world models with interbrane separation stabilized by the Goldberger-Wise scalar field. For arbitrary background, or vacuum configurations of the gravitational and scalar fields in such models, we construct the second variation Lagrangian, study its gauge invariance, find the corresponding equations of motion and decouple them in a suitable gauge. We also derive an effective four-dimensional Lagrangian for such models, which describes the massless graviton, a tower of massive gravitons and a tower of massive scalars. It is shown that for a special choice of the background solution the masses of the graviton excitations may be of the order of a few TeV, the radion mass of the order of 100 GeV, the inverse size of the extra dimension being tens of GeV. In this case the coupling of the radion to matter on the negative tension brane is approximately the same as in the unstabilized model with the same values of the fundamental five-dimensional energy scale and the interbrane distance.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, corrected typos, amended the normalization constants of the scalar modes and their coupling constants to matter
EFFECTS OF OWNERSHIP RESTRICTIONS ON FARMLAND VALUES IN SASKATCHEWAN
Creators: name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: adaptive expectations
subject: Farmland Security Act
subject: generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity
subject: present value
subject: seemingly unrelated regressions

description: Restrictions on the ownership of farmland by nonresidents of Saskatchewan were imposed by the Farmland Security Act (FSA) in 1974. The FSA has been blamed by some observers for depressed provincial land values. An adaptive expectations present value model is developed to estimate the effects of the FSA, with the province of Alberta included as a control. Results of seemingly unrelated regressions and generalized autoregressive conditional hetereoscedasticity estimates find no statistically significant effect of the FSA on the value of land in Saskatchewan. This may indicate that the effect of the regulatory change is too small to be measured accurately.
The masses of active neutrinos in the nuMSM from X-ray astronomy
Creators: name: Boyarsky, A.
name: Neronov, A.
name: Ruchayskiy, O.
name: Shaposhnikov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an extention of the Standard Model by three relatively light right-handed neutrinos (the nuMSM model) the role of the dark matter particle is played by the lightest sterile neutrino. We demonstrate that the observations of the extragalactic X-ray background allow to put a strong upper bound on the mass of the lightest active neutrino and predict the absolute values of the mass of the two heavier active neutrinos in the nuMSM, provided that the mass of the dark matter sterile neutrino is larger than 1.8 keV.
description: 6 pages. revtex4
Differentially Private Weighted Sampling
Creators: name: Cohen, Edith
name: Geri, Ofir
name: Sarlos, Tamas
name: Stemmer, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Common datasets have the form of elements with keys (e.g., transactions and products) and the goal is to perform analytics on the aggregated form of key and frequency pairs. A weighted sample of keys by (a function of) frequency is a highly versatile summary that provides a sparse set of representative keys and supports approximate evaluations of query statistics. We propose private weighted sampling (PWS): A method that ensures element-level differential privacy while retaining, to the extent possible, the utility of a respective non-private weighted sample. PWS maximizes the reporting probabilities of keys and estimation quality of a broad family of statistics. PWS improves over the state of the art also for the well-studied special case of private histograms, when no sampling is performed. We empirically demonstrate significant performance gains compared with prior baselines: 20%-300% increase in key reporting for common Zipfian frequency distributions and accuracy for $\times 2$-$ 8$ lower frequencies in estimation tasks. Moreover, PWS is applied as a simple post-processing of a non-private sample, without requiring the original data. This allows for seamless integration with existing implementations of non-private schemes and retaining the efficiency of schemes designed for resource-constrained settings such as massive distributed or streamed data. We believe that due to practicality and performance, PWS may become a method of choice in applications where privacy is desired.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures
IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF NAFTA
Creators: name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Rosson, C. Parr
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Rosson, C. Parr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural competitiveness
subject: exchange rates
subject: international trade
subject: NAFTA

description: Major components of agricultural competitiveness, including definitions, factors, and indicators of competitiveness, are discussed, The case of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is used to illustrate how factors have influenced the competitive position of the NAFTA countries. Traditional neoclassical trade theory is used to evaluate the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations and trade preferences on agricultural competitiveness. Pre- and post-NAFTA market shares are evaluated for five agricultural commodities of importance to the southern United States. The results of these evaluations are compared with theoretical expectations and discussed with special emphasis on implications for future trade negotiations.
Cyrtorizoceras undefined-A
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Oncoceratidae
Cyrtorizoceras
Cyrtorizoceras undefined-A

description: Cyrtorizoceras sp. A
Fig. 32D
Material examined
ESTONIA • 1 spec.; Vohilaid Island, Vohilaid shore (E); Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; GIT 878-260.
Description
The specimen is a fragment of an exogastrically curved mature body chamber and five chambers of the phragmocone. At the base of the body chamber, the conch height and width are 58 mm and ca 45 mm, respectively (CHI = 1.29), and the conch cross section is ovate, oval compressed with the prosiphuncular margin slightly narrower than the antisiphuncular margin. The preserved part of the body chamber is 22 mm in height. In lateral view, only the antisiphuncular side of the body chamber is sufficiently preserved to describe its shape; it is slightly concave throughout the preserved length. The prosiphuncular side is convex and more strongly curved than the antisiphuncular side. The phragmocone height expands with an angle of 26° through an increase in conch height of 48–58 mm. The sutures form a shallow lateral lobe and are slightly more adaperturally located on the antisiphuncular side of the conch. The adoral-most sutures are crowded and 4 mm distant. At a conch height of 53 mm the sutures are 5 mm apart (RCL = 0.09). The siphuncle is almost marginally positioned with segments that are expanded within the chambers.
Remarks
Like C. hariense sp. nov., C. sp. A is a large Cyrtorizoceras. It differs from C. hariense in being more compressed, in having a larger angle of expansion (angle of expansion = ca 20° in C. hariense) and a shorter mature body chamber. No similar species is known. Species of Diestoceras, which have similar high angles of expansion and short body chambers, may be distinguished by the contraction of the mature body chambers.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Superradiant instabilities of rotating black branes and strings
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Yoshida, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black branes and strings are generally unstable against a certain sector of gravitational perturbations. This is known as the Gregory-Laflamme instability. It has been recently argued that there exists another general instability affecting many rotating extended black objects. This instability is in a sense universal, in that it is triggered by any massless field, and not just gravitational perturbations. Here we investigate this novel mechanism in detail. For this instability to work, two ingredients are necessary: (i) an ergo-region, which gives rise to superradiant amplification of waves, and (ii) ``bound'' states in the effective potential governing the evolution of the particular mode under study. We show that the black brane Kerr_4 x R^p is unstable against this mechanism, and we present numerical results for instability timescales for this case. On the other hand, and quite surprisingly, black branes of the form Kerr_d x R^p are all stable against this mechanism for d>4. This is quite an unexpected result, and it stems from the fact that there are no stable circular orbits in higher dimensional black hole spacetimes, or in a wave picture, that there are no bound states in the effective potential. We also show that it is quite easy to simulate this instability in the laboratory with acoustic black branes.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. v2: Enlarged discussion on the necessary conditions for the existence of instability
Localised module frames and Wannier bases from groupoid Morita equivalences
Creators: name: Bourne, Chris
name: Mesland, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the operator algebraic approach to Gabor analysis, we construct frames of translates for the Hilbert space localisation of the Morita equivalence bimodule arising from a groupoid equivalence between Hausdorff groupoids, where one of the groupoids is étale and with a compact unit space. For finitely generated and projective submodules, we show these frames are orthonormal bases if and only if the module is free. We then apply this result to the study of localised Wannier bases of spectral subspaces of Schrödinger operators with atomic potentials supported on (aperiodic) Delone sets. The noncommutative Chern numbers provide a topological obstruction to fast-decaying Wannier bases and we show this result is stable under deformations of the underlying Delone set.
description: v2: name changed and other minor changes. To appear in J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 28 pages
Power maximization of two-stroke quantum thermal machines
Creators: name: Piccione, Nicolò
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Bellomo, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of quantum thermal machines employing quantum systems as working substances. In particular, we study two different types of two-stroke cycles where two collections of identical quantum systems with evenly spaced energy levels are initially prepared at thermal equilibrium by putting them in contact with a cold and a hot thermal bath, respectively. The two cycles differ in the absence or the presence of a mediator system, while, in both cases, non-resonant exchange Hamiltonians are exploited as particle interactions. We show that the efficiencies of these machines depend only on the energy gaps of the systems composing the collections and are equal to the efficiency of "equivalent" Otto cycles. Focusing on the cases of qubits or harmonic oscillators for both models, we maximize the engine power and analyze, in the model without the mediator, the role of the waiting time between subsequent interactions. It turns out that the case with the mediator can bring performance advantages when the interaction times are comparable with the waiting time of the correspondent cycle without the mediator. We find that in both cycles, the power peaks of qubit systems can surpass the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency. Finally, we compare our cycle without the mediator with previous schemes of the quantum Otto cycle showing that high coupling is not required to achieve the same maximum power.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Updated version close to the published one
The Neutralino Mass: Correlation With The Charginos
Creators: name: Boz, Muge
name: Pak, Namik K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the fundamental SU(2) supersymmetric parameters can be determined in the chargino sector, and the remaining fundamental parameters of the minimal supersymmetric extensions of the standard model can be analyzed in the neutralino sector, the two sectors can be correlated via these parameters. We have shown that for the CP conserving case, the masses of all the neutralinos can be determined in terms of the chargino masses, and $\tanβ$. In this case the neutralino masses are quite insensitive to the variations of $\tanβ$; they change by about $%15$ when $\tanβ$ varies in the range from 5 to 50. In the CP violating case, the neutralino masses are found to be quite sensitive to the variations of the CP violating phase. For the heavier neutralinos the dependence of the masses to the CP violating phase show complementary behaviour at CP violating points.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Achutegui, Pedro S. de Achutegui, Ecumenism and Vatican II
Creators: name: Brockdorff, Silvia Von
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 1
Microscopic models for exotic nuclei
Creators: name: Bender, M.
name: Heenen, P. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from successful self-consistent mean-field models, this paper discusses why and how to go beyond the mean field approximation. To include long-range correlations from fluctuations in collective degrees of freedom, one has to consider symmetry restoration and configuration mixing, which give access to ground-state correlations and spectroscopy.
description: invited talk at ENAM04
Free (rational) Derivation
Creators: name: Schrempf, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16K40, 16S85 (Primary), 68W30, 46G05 (Secondary)

description: By representing elements in free fields (over a commutative field and a finite alphabet) using Cohn and Reutenauer's linear representations, we provide an algorithmic construction for the (partial) non-commutative (or Hausdorff-) derivative and show how it can be applied to the non-commutative version of the Newton iteration to find roots of matrix-valued rational equations.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure; peer-reviewed version, accepted in Extracta Mathematicae
[Southern Sierra Miwok field notes]
Creators: name: Broadbent, Sylvia M.
name: Lord, Emma
name: Watt, Rose
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: skd
subject: Southern Sierra Miwok language

description: Thirteenth of 17 Miwok notebooks. Vocabulary and elicited verb paradigms.
Measures and dynamics of entangled states
Creators: name: Mintert, Florian
name: Carvalho, Andre R. R.
name: Kus, Marek
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an original approach for the quantitative characterisation of the entanglement properties of, possibly mixed, bi- and multipartite quantum states of arbitrary finite dimension. Particular emphasis is given to the derivation of reliable estimates which allow for an efficient evaluation of a specific entanglement measure, concurrence, for further implementation in the monitoring of the time evolution of multipartite entanglement under incoherent environment coupling. The flexibility of the technical machinery established here is illustrated by its implementation for different, realistic experimental scenarios.
description: Physics Reports, in press
Quantum erasing the memory of Wigner's friend
Creators: name: Elouard, Cyril
name: Lewalle, Philippe
name: Manikandan, Sreenath K.
name: Rogers, Spencer
name: Frank, Adam
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wigner's friend paradox concerns one of the most puzzling problems of quantum mechanics: the consistent description of multiple nested observers. Recently, a variation of Wigner's gedankenexperiment, introduced by Frauchiger and Renner, has lead to new debates about the self-consistency of quantum mechanics. At the core of the paradox lies the description of an observer and the object it measures as a closed system obeying the Schrödinger equation. We revisit this assumption to derive a necessary condition on a quantum system to behave as an observer. We then propose a simple single-photon interferometric setup implementing Frauchiger and Renner's scenario, and use the derived condition to shed a new light on the assumptions leading to their paradox. From our description, we argue that the three apparently incompatible properties used to question the consistency of quantum mechanics correspond to two logically distinct contexts: either one assumes that Wigner has full control over his friends' lab, or conversely that some parts of the labs remain unaffected by Wigner's subsequent measurements. The first context may be seen as the quantum erasure of the memory of Wigner's friend. We further show these properties are associated with observables which do not commute, and therefore cannot take well-defined values simultaneously. Consequently, the three contradictory properties never hold simultaneously.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Quantum (24 June 2021)
THE COST OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION TRANSFER PROGRAMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THREE PROGRAMS IN LATIN AMERICA
Creators: name: Caldes, Natalia
name: Coady, David P.
name: Maluccio, John A.
name: Caldes, Natalia
name: Coady, David P.
name: Maluccio, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: A common criticism of antipoverty programs is that the high share of administrative (nontransfer) costs substantially reduces their effectiveness in alleviating poverty. Yet there is surprisingly little hard empirical evidence on such programs' costs. A recent international review of targeted poverty alleviation programs in less developed countries found cost information--which was rarely comparable between studies--for fewer than one-third of the programs examined. Improved information and a better understanding of the costs of such programs are crucial for effective policymaking. This study proposes and implements a methodology for a comparative analysis of the level and structure of costs of three similar poverty alleviation programs in Latin America, in order to assess their cost-efficiency. The findings underscore that any credible assessment of cost-efficiency requires a detailed analysis of program cost structures that goes well beyond simply providing aggregate cost information.
Ultraluminous X-ray Sources Powered by Radiatively Efficient Two-Phased Super-Eddington Accretion onto Stellar Mass Black holes
Creators: name: Socrates, Aristotle
name: Davis, Shane W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation spectra of many of the brightest ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are dominated by a hard power law component, likely powered by a hot, optically thin corona that Comptonizes soft seed photons emitted from a cool, optically thick black hole accretion disk. Before its dissipation and subsequent conversion into coronal photon power, the randomized gravitational binding energy responsible for powering ULX phenomena must separate from the mass of its origin by a means other than, and quicker than, electron scattering-mediated radiative diffusion. Therefore, the release of accretion power in ULXs is not necessarily subject to Eddington-limited photon trapping, as long as it occurs in a corona. Motivated by these basic considerations, we present a model of ULXs powered by geometrically thin accretion onto stellar mass black holes. We argue that the radiative efficiency of the flow remains high if the corona is magnetized or optically thin and the majority of the accretion power escapes in the form of radiation rather than an outflow. Within the context of the current black hole X-ray binary paradigm, our ULX model may be viewed as an extension of the very high state observed in Galactic sources. (abridged)
description: 11 pages
title: Stakeholders’ efforts toward enhancing resilience of artisanal fishers and farmers to oil spillages in Ogoni, Nigeria
Creators: name: Wigwe, Chimkanma Chimenem
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2025

description: In response to the environmental degradation from the crude oil spillages in Ogoni, the Federal
Government of Nigeria legislated policies and established regulatory institutions and
commenced the clean-up of oil spills in Ogoni, which is the site of this study. Learning from a
political ecology theoretical framing, the study critically assesses stakeholders’ efforts toward
enhancing the resilience of artisanal fishers and farmers (n=153) to crude oil spillages in Ogoni
over the period 2008-2021. Thus, the study adopted the resilience analysis framework put
forward by Béné et al (2015) and included a mixed methods approach.
Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that, despite the existence and interventions of relevant
government agencies for over a decade now, the reality is one of worsening vulnerabilities for
the affected communities. In fact, the close analysis of the adequacy and efficacy of the
activities of these agencies, brings to light the increasing abandonment of degraded fishing
waters and polluted farmlands which consequently undermine livelihoods, and are the root
causes of the poverty and negative experiences of the sampled artisanal fishers and farmers in
Ogoni. The respondents deploy response mechanisms of which none is noticeably improved
by the interventions of the agencies with a mandate to improve the situation on the ground.
The findings expose the critical institutional and operational shortcomings responsible for the
recurring crude oil spillages, and the ineffectiveness of the overall institutional response
framework to crude oil spillages in Nigeria. The shortcomings are weak collaborative linkages
between agencies, the centralised federal government control, institutionalised corruption,
exclusion of community members and an overall lack of public trust. Thus, the farmers’
requirements for productive assets and capacity strengthening needs like knowledge and skills
to access and manage credit facilities, participate in cooperatives, and broaden their on-farm
activities in the wake of the oil spills.
Asymptotic symmetries in spatially flat FRW
Creators: name: Enriquez-Rojo, Martin
name: Heckelbacher, Till
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an off-shell treatment of asymptotically decelerating spatially flat FRW spacetimes at future null infinity. We obtain supertranslation and superrotation-like asymptotic diffeomorphisms which are consistent with the global symmetries of FRW and we compute how the asymptotic data is transformed under them. Further, we study in detail the effect of these diffeomorphisms on some simple backgrounds including unperturbed FRW and Sultana-Dyer black hole. In particular, we investigate how these transformations act on several cosmologically perturbed backgrounds.
description: 44 pages
Deformation of finite morphisms and smoothing of ropes
Creators: name: Gallego, F. Javier
name: González, Miguel
name: Purnaprajna, Bangere P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H45, 14H10, 14B10, 13D10

description: In this article we present a unified way to smooth certain multiple structures called ropes on smooth varieties. We prove that most ropes of arbitrary multiplicity, supported on smooth curves can be smoothed. By a rope being smoothable we mean that the rope is the flat limit of a family of smooth, irreducible curves. To construct a smoothing, we connect, on the one hand, deformations of a finite morphism to projective space and, on the other hand, morphisms from a rope to projective space. We also prove a general result of independent interest, namely, finite covers onto smooth irreducible curves embedded in projective space can be deformed to a family of $1:1$ maps. We apply our general theory to prove the smoothing of ropes of \multiplicity 3 on $\bold P^1$. Even though this article focuses on ropes of dimension 1, our method yields a general approach to deal with the smoothing of ropes of higher dimension.
description: New title (Old title:"Smoothings of ropes on curves"). Step 2 in the proof of Theorem 2.1 has been simplified
HEALTH CARE DEMAND IN RURAL MOZAMBIQUE: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1996/97 HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
Creators: name: Lindelow, Magnus
name: Lindelow, Magnus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: Despite rapid economic growth in recent years, Mozambique remains a very poor country. Expenditure-based poverty measures are reflected in widespread food insecurity and poor health status. In recognition of these problems, the Government of Mozambique is promoting expanded and improved quality and equity in access to health care as an important component in the global strategy to fight poverty. Given years of colonial neglect and systematic destruction of health facilities during the civil war, recent government policy has focused on expanding the rural health network. However, insofar as the ultimate objective of the provision of curative services is to ensure that those in need of care receive effective treatment, it is also necessary to think beyond supply. Specifically, we need to consider how individuals behave during episodes of illness, and what factors affect this behavior. This paper provides quantitative evidence on the importance of individual, household, and community characteristics on individuals’ care-seeking decisions during episodes of illness. The paper estimates a “flexible” multinomial model of health care provider choice conditional on illness using data from the 1996/97 Mozambique National Household Survey on Living Conditions (IAF). The empirical analysis is underpinned by a basic theoretical framework of utility maximization and household production of health. A number of individual and household characteristics, e.g., age, education, and reported symptoms, stand out as highly significant determinants of health seeking behavior. Also, prices, defined in the model as the composite of user fees and time costs associated with consultations at different providers, are found to be important determinants of choice. The results indicate that the eradication of poverty, independent of improvements in physical access to health care and education, will have only a negligible effect on health care choices.
CHILDCARE AND WORK: JOINT DECISIONS AMONG WOMEN IN POOR NEIGHBORHOODS OF GUATEMALA CITY
Creators: name: Hallman, Kelly K.
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: De La Briere, Benedicte
name: Hallman, Kelly K.
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: De La Briere, Benedicte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This study investigates the effects of childcare on work and earnings of mothers in poor neighborhoods of Guatemala City. Recognizing that mother’s work status may depend on the availability of childcare, decisions to participate in the labor force and to use formal day care are modeled to allow for the possibility that they may be jointly determined. We then explore the impact of childcare prices on mother’s earnings, conditional on her decision to work. Also explored is whether a mother’s “status” within her household (as measured by the value of the assets she brought to her marriage) influences her entry into the labor force. The study uses a survey of 1,363 randomly selected mothers (working and nonworking) with preschool children collected in 1999 by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). In this random sample of mothers with preschoolers, 37 percent worked for pay in the 30 days before the survey, employed in a variety of occupations and sectors. A wide range of childcare arrangements was used: own care of the child by the mother during work, a resident household member, a nonresident family member, a neighbor, the child being left alone at home, private formal day care, and government-sponsored public formal day care. Our results indicate that participation in the labor market and use of formal day care are, in fact, joint decisions for mothers. Life cycle and household demographic factors have important effects on both decisions. Maternal education is an important determinant of utilization of formal day care, but does not have large effects on whether she works for pay or not. Higher household wealth reduces her chances of working, presumably via an income effect. However, the value of assets she brought to her marriage increases the likelihood of her working. For formal day care, greater travel time from home reduces utilization of this type of care. Controlling for endogeneity of labor market participation and formal day care use, childcare prices have no impact on maternal earnings. This suggests that interventions to increase the availability of formal day care in poor urban areas have the potential to raise labor-force participation rates of mothers residing in such neighborhoods, but not necessarily their earnings, conditional upon their having entered the labor force.
Point-like gamma ray sources as signatures of distant accelerators of ultra high energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Gabici, S.
name: Aharonian, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of observing distant accelerators of ultra high energy cosmic rays in synchrotron gamma rays. Protons propagating away from their acceleration sites produce extremely energetic electrons during photo-pion interactions with cosmic microwave background photons. If the accelerator is embedded in a magnetized region, these electrons will emit high energy synchrotron radiation. The resulting synchrotron source is expected to be point-like and detectable in the GeV-TeV energy range if the magnetic field is at the nanoGauss level.
description: 4 pages 2 figures. To be published in PRL
Downscale energy fluxes in scale invariant oceanic internal wave turbulence
Creators: name: Dematteis, Giovanni
name: Lvov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze analytically and numerically the scale invariant stationary solution to the internal wave kinetic equation. Our analysis of the resonant energy transfers shows that the leading order contributions are given (i) by triads with extreme scale separation and (ii) by triads of waves that are quasi-colinear in the horizontal plane. The contributions from other types of triads is found to be subleading. We use the modified scale invariant limit of the Garrett and Munk spectrum of internal waves to calculate the magnitude of the energy flux towards high wave numbers in both the vertical and the horizontal directions. Our results compare favorably with the finescale parametrization of ocean mixing that was proposed in [Polzin et al. (1995)].