cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Verwendung von Intertialsensoren zur automatisierten Auswertung sensomotorischer Tests
Creators: name: Rother, Niklas
name: Webering, Fritz
name: John, Cornelius
name: Rahlf, Anna Lina
name: Hamacher, Daniel
name: Zech, Astrid
name: Blume, Holger Christoph
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Cuvillier Verlag
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Automatisierung
subject: aktive Winkelreproduktion
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Y-Balance-Test
subject: YBT
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Um die sensomotorische Leistungsfähigkeit von Sportlern zu evaluieren, gibt es verschiedene sportwissenschaftliche Standardtests, wie zum Beispiel den Y-Balance-Test (YBT). Allerdings ist bei vielen dieser Verfahren ein Tester nötig, der die Durchführung leitet und das Ergebnis bestimmt. In dieser Arbeit wird der Ansatz für ein System auf Basis von Inertialsensoren (IMUs) vorgestellt, durch das die Auswertung verschiedener im Bereich der Sportwissenschaften gängiger Tests automatisiert werden kann. Implementiert wurde der YBT und die aktive Winkelreproduktion. Durch die Automatisierung muss während des Tests kein Tester mehr anwesend sein, wodurch beispielsweise Freizeitsportler, Leistungssportler, Trainer, Vereine, aber auch Forschungseinrichtungen in die Lage versetzt werden, diese Tests jederzeit durchzuführen. Durch die Verwendung von IMUs, die ihre eigene Ausrichtung als Quaternion schätzen, wird im vorgestellten System die aktuelle Pose der Knochen im Skelett des Nutzers berechnet. Aus diesen werden dann die verschiedenen Testergebnisse, wie Gelenkwinkel oder die Position einzelner Extremitäten, bestimmt. Als Plattform kommt ein mobiles Gerät zum Einsatz, auf dem die Berechnung und die Visualisierung in Echtzeit erfolgen.
Nature of the Insulating Ground State of the 5d PostPerovskite CaIrO3
Creators: name: Kim, Sun-Woo
name: Liu, Chen
name: Kim, Hyun-Jung
name: Lee, Jun-Ho
name: Yao, Yongxin
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
name: Cho, Jun-Hyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The insulating ground state of the 5d transition metal oxide CaIrO3 has been classified as a Mott-type insulator. Based on a systematic density functional theory (DFT) study with local, semilocal, and hybrid exchange-correlation functionals, we reveal that the Ir t2g states exhibit large splittings and one-dimensional electronic states along the c axis due to a tetragonal crystal field. Our hybrid DFT calculation adequately describes the antiferromagnetic (AFM) order along the c direction via a superexchange interaction between Ir4+ spins. Furthermore, the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) hybridizes the t2g states to open an insulating gap. These results indicate that CaIrO3 can be represented as a spin-orbit Slater insulator, driven by the interplay between a long-range AFM order and the SOC. Such a Slater mechanism for the gap formation is also demonstrated by the DFT + dynamical mean field theory calculation, where the metal-insulator transition and the paramagnetic to AFM phase transition are concomitant with each other.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material
Branching analysis of β-cyclodextrin-based poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) star polymers using triple detection SEC
Creators: name: Herberg, Artjom
name: Kuckling, Dirk
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology

description: For the first time, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) star polymers with a β-cyclodextrin core are characterized in detail by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) with triple detection to experimentally verify the number of arms. A combination of a refractive index detector, multi-angle laser light scattering detector, and an online-viscosimeter was used for branching analysis. At first, the SEC system was calibrated and the detector setup was validated using linear polystyrene reference polymers. The applicability of the established triple detection SEC for branching analysis was shown by the analysis of two commercially available polystyrene star polymers. Due to the high molar masses of the star polymers, both the contraction ratio g and g′ could be determined independently, thus allowing the calculation of the viscosity shielding ratio ε. Finally, the branching analysis of the PNIPAAm star polymers could experimentally confirm the assumed arm number of up to 21 arms. Moreover, an increasingly compact molecular structure and the influence of the arm number on the viscosity shielding ratio could be shown.
The Composite Twin Higgs scenario
Creators: name: Barbieri, Riccardo
name: Greco, Davide
name: Rattazzi, Riccardo
name: Wulzer, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on an explicit model, we propose and discuss the generic features of a possible implementation of the Twin Higgs program in the context of composite Higgs models. We find that the Twin Higgs quadratic divergence cancellation argument can be uplifted to a genuine protection of the Higgs potential, based on symmetries and selection rules, but only under certain conditions which are not fulfilled in some of the existing models. We also find that a viable scenario, not plagued by a massless Twin Photon, can be obtained by not gauging the Twin Hypercharge and taking this as the only source of Twin Symmetry breaking at a very high scale.
description: 19 pages; v2: typos and notation corrected, results unchanged; v3: published version
Dependent Double Branching Annihilating Random Walk
Creators: name: Balázs, Márton
name: Nagy, Attila László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82C22, 82C4

description: Double (or parity conserving) branching annihilating random walk, introduced by Sudbury in '90, is a one-dimensional non-attractive particle system in which positive and negative particles perform nearest neighbor hopping, produce two offsprings to neighboring lattice points and annihilate when they meet. Given an odd number of initial particles, positive recurrence as seen from the leftmost particle position was first proved by Belitsky, Ferrari, Menshikov and Popov in '01 and, subsequently in a much more general setup, in the article by Sturm and Swart (Tightness of voter model interfaces) in '08. These results assume that jump rates of the various moves do not depend on the configuration of the particles not involved in these moves. The present article deals with the case when the jump rates are affected by the locations of several particles in the system. Motivation for such models comes from non-attractive interacting particle systems with particle conservation. Under suitable assumptions we establish the existence of the process, and prove that the one-particle state is positive recurrent. We achieve this by arguments similar to those appeared in the previous article by Sturm and Swart. We also extend our results to some cases of long range jumps, when branching can also occur to non-neighboring sites. We outline and discuss several particular examples of models where our results apply.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures
The Impact of Crises on the Global Governance of Migration: Boost or Blow
Creators: name: Lavenex, Sandra
name: Chetail, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Migration
Research

description: "The Impact of Crises on the Global Governance of Migration: Boost or Blow" is a project of the National Center of Competence "nccr – on the move "
Breaking of ensemble equivalence in networks
Creators: name: Squartini, Tiziano
name: de Mol, Joey
name: Hollander, Frank den
name: Garlaschelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is generally believed that, in the thermodynamic limit, the microcanonical description as a function of energy coincides with the canonical description as a function of temperature. However, various examples of systems for which the microcanonical and canonical ensembles are not equivalent have been identified. A complete theory of this intriguing phenomenon is still missing. Here we show that ensemble nonequivalence can manifest itself also in random graphs with topological constraints. We find that, while graphs with a given number of links are ensemble-equivalent, graphs with a given degree sequence are not. This result holds irrespective of whether the energy is nonadditive (as in unipartite graphs) or additive (as in bipartite graphs). In contrast with previous expectations, our results show that: (1) physically, nonequivalence can be induced by an extensive number of local constraints, and not necessarily by long-range interactions or nonadditivity; (2) mathematically, nonquivalence is determined by a different large-deviation behaviour of microcanonical and canonical probabilities for a single microstate, and not necessarily for almost all microstates. The latter criterion, which is entirely local, is not restricted to networks and holds in general.
description: Final version accepted for publication on Physical Review Letters
Dynamics of the electric current in an ideal electron gas: a sound mode inside the quasi-particles
Creators: name: Grozdanov, Sašo
name: Polonyi, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equation of motion for the Noether current in an electron gas within the framework of the Schwinger-Keldysh Closed-Time-Path formalism. The equation is shown to be highly non-linear and irreversible even for a non-interacting, ideal gas of electrons at non-zero density. We truncate the linearised equation of motion, written as the Laurent series in Fourier space, so that the resulting expressions are local in time, both at zero and at small finite temperatures. Furthermore, we show that the one-loop Coulomb interactions only alter the physical picture quantitatively, while preserving the characteristics of the dynamics that the electric current exhibits in the absence of interactions. As a result of the composite nature of the Noether current, {\it composite sound} waves are found to be the dominant IR collective excitations at length scales between the inverse Fermi momentum and the mean free path that would exist in an interacting electron gas. We also discuss the difference and the transition between the hydrodynamical regime of an ideal gas, defined in this work, and the hydrodynamical regime in phenomenological hydrodynamics, which is normally used for the description of interacting gases.
description: V2: 58 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables. Minor clarifications added, an appendix relating linear response theory to the CTP formalism is added, the version is to appear in PRD
Activity-based protein profiling of human and plasmodium serine hydrolases and interrogation of potential antimalarial targets.
Creators: name: Davison, Dara
name: Howell, Steven
name: Snijders, Ambrosius P
name: Deu, Edgar
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Cell Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Infectious Disease
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Malaria remains a global health issue requiring the identification of novel therapeutic targets to combat drug resistance. Metabolic serine hydrolases are druggable enzymes playing essential roles in lipid metabolism. However, very few have been investigated in malaria-causing parasites. Here, we used fluorophosphonate broad-spectrum activity-based probes and quantitative chemical proteomics to annotate and profile the activity of more than half of predicted serine hydrolases in P. falciparum across the erythrocytic cycle. Using conditional genetics, we demonstrate that the activities of four serine hydrolases, previously annotated as essential (or important) in genetic screens, are actually dispensable for parasite replication. Of importance, we also identified eight human serine hydrolases that are specifically activated at different developmental stages. Chemical inhibition of two of them blocks parasite replication. This strongly suggests that parasites co-opt the activity of host enzymes and that this opens a new drug development strategy against which the parasites are less likely to develop resistance.
Delocalization for Strong Uncorrelated Disorder
Creators: name: Eleuch, Hichem
name: Hilke, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum particles in a disordered potential, photons or classical waves in a random medium, or the universe expansion in a fluctuating cosmic field, all share Anderson localization as a communality. In general, localization is enhanced for strong disorder and low dimensions. In one dimension and for discrete uncorrelated random potentials, such as tight binding models, all states are localized for any disorder strength. This is in contrast to continuous random potentials, where we show here that regardless of the strength of the random potential, we have delocalization in the limit where the roughness length goes to zero. This result was obtained by deriving an expression for the localization length valid for all disorder strengths. We solved a non-linear wave equation, whose average over disorder yields the localization properties of the desired linear wave equation. Our results, not only explain the origin of the difficulty to observe localization in certain physical systems, but also show that maximum localization occurs when the roughness length is comparable to the wavelength, which is relevant to many experiments in a random medium.
description: 6 pages, video summary: www.youtube.com/watch?v=K64AobQm0jE
Predicting positive parity $B_{s}$ mesons from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Lang, C. B.
name: Mohler, Daniel
name: Prelovsek, Sasa
name: Woloshyn, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the spectrum of $B_s$ 1P states using lattice QCD. For the $B_{s1}(5830)$ and $B_{s2}^*(5840)$ mesons, the results are in good agreement with the experimental values. Two further mesons are expected in the quantum channels $J^P=0^+$ and $1^+$ near the $BK$ and $B^{*}K$ thresholds. A combination of quark-antiquark and $B^{(*)}$ meson-Kaon interpolating fields are used to determine the mass of two QCD bound states below the $B^{(*)}K$ threshold, with the assumption that mixing with $B_s^{(*)}η$ and isospin-violating decays to $B_s^{(*)}π$ are negligible. We predict a $J^P=0^+$ bound state $B_{s0}$ with mass $m_{B_{s0}}=5.711(13)(19)$ GeV. With further assumptions motivated theoretically by the heavy quark limit, a bound state with $m_{B_{s1}}= 5.750(17)(19)$ GeV is predicted in the $J^P=1^+$ channel. The results from our first principles calculation are compared to previous model-based estimates.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; Final version
Effect of magnetic frustration on nematicity and superconductivity in Fe chalcogenides
Creators: name: Glasbrenner, J. K.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Valentí, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past few years Fe chalcogenides (FeSe/Te) have advanced to the forefront of Fe-based superconductors (FeBS) research. The most intriguing results thus far are for intercalated and monolayer FeSe, however experimental studies are still inconclusive. Yet, bulk FeSe itself remains an unusual case when compared with pnictogen-based FeBS, and may hold clues to understanding the more exotic FeSe-derivatives. The FeSe phase diagram is unlike the pnictides: the orthorhombic distortion, which is likely to be of a "spin-nematic" nature in numerous pnictides, is not accompanied by magnetic order in FeSe, and the superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$ rises significantly with pressure before decreasing. In this paper we show that the magnetic interactions in chalcogenides, as opposed to pnictides, demonstrate unusual (and unanticipated) frustration, which suppresses magnetic, but not nematic order, favors ferro-orbital order in the nematic phase and can naturally explain the nonmonotonic pressure dependence of the superconducting critical temperature $T_{c}(P)$.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Text in [v3] is the same as [v2]. Note that the published version in Nature Physics is substantially revised compared to this pre-print, and has an additional co-author, R. M. Fernandes
title: Market entry mode theories and joint venture
Creators: name: Schönberger, Stefan
Year: 2025

description: Die Frage nach der richtigen Markteintrittsstrategie ist komplex und wurde in den letzten 40 Jahren untersucht. So komplex wie das Thema, so auch die unterliegenden Theorien für die Entscheidungsfindung. In dieser semi-systematischen Literarbeit liegt der Fokus darauf, die unterliegenden Theorien zu analysieren und das "Pferderennen" der besten Theorie zu entscheiden unter Berücksichtigung von Joint Venture als Vergleich zu anderen Eintrittsstrategie. Die Arbeit hilft dem akademischen Feld und Managern zu verstehen, welche Theorie am besten verwendet werden sollte und welche Zusammenhänge zwischen den Theorien existieren. Die Thesis zieht als Resultat, dass ein holistisches Modell zur Findung der Eintrittsstrategie, basierend auf transaktionskostenspezifischen Variablen und der Unsicherheit, die aus institutionellen und kulturellen Unterschieden entsteht, entwickelt werden sollte. Dabei wird auf die Kultur, die Erfahrung und das bevorzugte Verhalten der eigenen Agenten der expandierenden Firma Bezug genommen.
description: The question of market entry mode choice is complex and has been studied for the past 40 years. As complex as the topic so are the underlying theories of the decision process. In this semi-systematic literature review the focus lies on analyzing theoretical approaches and resolving the horserace of which theory is best with a focus on joint venture as entry mode. It helps the academic field and managers to understand which theories are most applicable and useful in the decision-making process and which theories interplay and complement each other. It also provides the fundament for more comprehensive theories and models. The thesis concludes that a holistic model of entry mode relies on transaction specific variables and the uncertainty retrieved from institutional and cultural differences by including the culture, experience, behavioral preferences of the own agents of the expanding company.
Knot Cabling and the Degree of the Colored Jones Polynomial
Creators: name: Kalfagianni, Efstratia
name: Tran, Anh T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 5725

description: We study the behavior of the degree of the colored Jones polynomial and the boundary slopes of knots under the operation of cabling. We show that, under certain hypothesis on this degree, if a knot $K$ satisfies the Slope Conjecture then a $(p, q)$-cable of $K$ satisfies the conjecture, provided that $p/q$ is not a Jones slope of $K$. As an application we prove the Slope Conjecture for iterated cables of adequate knots and for iterated torus knots. Furthermore we show that, for these knots, the degree of the colored Jones polynomial also determines the topology of a surface that satisfies the Slope Conjecture. We also state a conjecture suggesting a topological interpretation of the linear terms of the degree of the colored Jones polynomial (Conjecture \ref{conj}), and we prove it for the following classes of knots:iterated torus knots and iterated cables of adequate knots, iterated cables of several non-alternating knots with up to nine crossings, pretzel knots of type $(-2, 3, p)$ and their cables, and two-fusion knots.
description: 31pages. Modified to also include the results of arXiv:1501.04614. This version will appear in the New York Journal of Mathematics
Thermometry Precision in Strongly Correlated Ultracold Lattice Gases
Creators: name: Mehboudi, Mohammad
name: Moreno-Cardoner, Maria
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Sanpera, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise knowledge of the temperature of an ultracold lattice gas simulating a strongly correlated system is a question of both, fundamental and technological importance. Here, we address such question by combining tools from quantum metrology together with the study of the quantum correlations embedded in the system at finite temperatures. Within this frame we examine the spin-$1/2$ XY chain, first estimating, by means of the quantum Fisher information, the lowest attainable bound on the temperature precision. We then address the estimation of the temperature of the sample from the analysis of correlations using a quantum non demolishing Faraday spectroscopy method. Finally, we demonstrate that for sufficiently low temperatures the proposed measurements are optimal to estimate accurately the temperature of the sample.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
A note on fine graphs and homological isoperimetric inequalities
Creators: name: Martinez-Pedroza, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 05C10, 20J05, 57M60

description: In the framework of homological characterizations of relative hyperbolicity, Groves and Manning posed the question of whether a simply connected $2$-complex $X$ with a linear homological isoperimetric inequality, a bound on the length of attaching maps of $2$-cells and finitely many $2$-cells adjacent to any edge must have a fine $1$-skeleton. We provide a positive answer to this question. We revisit a homological characterization of relative hyperbolicity, and show that a group $G$ is hyperbolic relative to a collection of subgroups $\mathcal P$ if and only if $G$ acts cocompactly with finite edge stabilizers on an connected $2$-dimensional cell complex with a linear homological isoperimetric inequality and $\mathcal P$ is a collection of representatives of conjugacy classes of vertex stabilizers.
description: Version accepted by the Canadian Mathematical Bulletin
A Study on the Determination of Base Price for Crop Revenue Insurance
Creators: name: Choi, Yejun
name: Choi, Yejun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: revenue insurance
subject: common year price
subject: supply and demand model

description: Although crop revenue insurance has an advantage of ensuring farm revenue more stably compared with crop yield insurance, it is not easy to determine a base price on which the guaranteed revenue is determined. During two table top exercises from 2013 to 2014, the government applied common year price(historical average of market prices) for the base price. However, the common year price has a limitation of not reflecting the current market situation and raising an adverse selection problem. To determine more appropriate base price, this study compares three base price candidates; common year price, predicted price based on the supply and demand model, and theoretical future price. The result shows that the two predicted prices, common year price and the predicted price based on the supply and demand model are similar to actual prices. Even though the predicted price based on the model is more accurately predicted than common year price, the gap is not significantly large. Therefore, considering the objectivity security and ensuring common year revenue, the common year price is concluded to be the most reasonable as base price. The predicted price from the model could be considered as a reference for calculating insurance premium more accurately.
title: Anatomically coherent image segmentation of optic disc and cup
Creators: name: Oster, Michael
Year: 2025

description: Zur Diagnose von Grünem Star werden häufig Fundoskopien herangezogen, welche den Sehnervenkopf und dessen Aushöhlung darstellen. Patienten, die an Grünem Star erkranken, leiden an einem erhöhten Augeninnendruck, was zu Schäden am Sehnerv führt und in besonders schlimmen Fällen mit der Erblindung des Patienten endet. Diese Schäden können in Fundoskopien durch eine wachsende Aushöhlung erkannt werden. Regelmäßige und flächendeckende Fundoskopien sind ein vielversprechender Kandidat zur Früherkennung von Grünem Star, doch die manuelle Auswertung durch medizinisches Fachpersonal ist zeitlich zu aufwendig für häufige Untersuchungen. Daher wurden in den letzten Jahre einige auf Deep Learning basierende Methoden entwickelt, um den Sehnervenkopf und dessen Aushöhlung in Fundoskopien zu segmentieren. Diese Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit U-Net, dem Model, auf dem viele der neueren Methoden aufbauen, und versucht anatomische Fakten in das Model zu integrieren. Das Ziel ist, ein Model zu bauen, dessen Segmentierungen anatomisch korrekt sind. Außerdem wird versucht, die benötigte Menge an annotierten Trainingsdaten zu reduzieren, da besonders im medizinischen Bereich Daten rar sind, während einiges an Vorwissen oft ungenutzt bleibt. Diese modifizierten Modelle werden dahingehend untersucht, wie dateneffizient sie lernen, also wie gut sie bereits mit wenigen Datenpunkten funktionieren.
description: The diagnosis of glaucoma partly relies on retinal images, which show the optic cup within the optic disc of our eyes. A person with glaucoma suffers from high ocular pressure, which results in nerve damage and can ultimately lead to blindness. In retinal images, this can be observed as growth of the optic cup. Evaluating retinal images and especially the sizes of the optic disc and optic cup is a promising way to screen many people for glaucoma, however, medical experts would be overwhelmed by doing the evaluations manually. Therefore, the last years saw a rise of deep learning approaches, which allow for segmenting the optic disc and optic cup reasonably well. This Master’s Thesis looks at U-Net, the architecture most of these approaches are built upon, and investigates the inclusion of anatomical prior knowledge. The goal is to make models which produce anatomically coherent outputs. Furthermore, this Master’s Thesis aims to reduce the amount of labelled data needed to train the model, as data, especially in the medical domain, can be scarce, while anatomical knowledge is often present. Modifications of U-Net which include prior anatomical facts are tested and compared in terms of their data efficiency, i.e., how well they perform when trained with small amounts of data.
Capsaicin induces cytotoxicity in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells through TRPV1-dependent and -independent pathways
Creators: name: Bao, Zhengqi
name: Dai, Xiusong
name: Wang, Peter
name: Tao, Yisheng
name: Chai, Damin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: An accumulating body of evidence has shown that capsaicin induces apoptosis in various tumor cells as a mechanism of its anti-tumor activity. However, the effects of capsaicin on osteosarcoma have not been studied extensively. In the current study, we explore the molecular mechanism of capsaicin-mediated tumor suppressive function in osteosarcoma. We found that capsaicin-induced apoptosis and the activation of transient receptor potential receptor vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in vitro. Blocking TRPV1 using capsazepine attenuated the capsaicin-induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, the results demonstrated that capsaicin induced the activation of adenosine 5ʹ-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p53 and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, Compound C (antagonist of AMPK) attenuated the activation of p53, which appeared to be TRPV1 independent. Taken together, the present study suggests that capsaicin effectively causes cell death in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells via the activation of TRPV1-dependent (mitochondrial dysfunction, and overproduction of ROS and JNK) and TRPV1-independent (AMPK-p53) pathways. Thus, capsaicin may be a potential anti-osteosarcoma agent.
MECODA: an online tools repository to facilitate the analysis and viewing of all sorts of citizen science data
Creators: name: Justamante, Ángela
name: Álvarez, Ana
name: Liñán, Sonia
name: Soacha, Karen
name: Piera, Jaume
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: visual analysis
data analysis
Orange Data Mining
citizen science
citizen observatories
open data
biodiversity
environment

description: MECODA is a repository to facilitate analysing and viewing all sorts of citizen science data. This service aims to break the barrier between experienced users or programmers and the general public. It allows users from citizen observatories to make their own exploratory visual data analysis without the help of specialised analysts. It also enables observers to create their own reproducible visual dataflows and share and reuse them. It is based on Orange Data Mining, a visual programming toolbox made to simplify analysis and data visualization. Orange supports the construction of data analysis workflows by assembling components for data preprocessing, visualization, and modeling. MECODA has developed specific widgets to access data from citizen observatories. More information: https://cos4cloud-eosc.eu/services/mecoda-data-analysis-package/ MECODA has been developed by the ICM-CSIC in the Cos4Cloud framework. Infographic design: Lucas Wainer.
Ανάλυση αιθερίων ελαίων Ελληνικών Αρωματικών- Φαρμακευτικών Φυτών
Creators: name: Γκαδρής, Θεόδωρος Ευστράτιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αιθέρια Έλαια
Φαρμακευτικά Φυτά
Αέρια Χρωματογραφία – Φασματομετρία Μάζας
Essential Oils
Medicinal Plants
Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική διατριβή ασχολείται με τη μελέτη και τη σύγκριση της ποιοτικής και της ποσοτικής ανάλυσης αιθέριων ελαίων από 18 διαφορετικά είδη αρωματικών και φαρμακευτικών φυτών, της Ελληνικής χλωρίδας. Το φυτικό υλικό συλλέχθηκε από καλλιέργειες του Ελληνικού Γεωργικού Οργανισμού (ΕΛΓΟ)- ΔΗΜΗΤΡΑ, όπου τα φυτά διατηρούνται εκτός του φυσικού τους οικοτόπου. Τα φυτικά δείγματα υποβλήθηκαν σε υδροαπόσταξη δύο ωρών και το αιθέριο έλαιο που παραλήφθηκε από το εκάστοτε δείγμα, αναλύθηκε με GC-MS. Από τα αποτελέσματα βρέθηκε πως υπάρχει ένα γενικό φάσμα ενώσεων (μονοτερπένια, σεσκιτερπένια κ.λπ.) που επικρατεί σε πολλά από τα συγκεκριμένα είδη, με διάφορα ποσοστά, ενώ υπάρχουν είδη που φέρουν τις δικές τους ξεχωριστές ενώσεις. Η μελέτη αυτή πραγματοποιήθηκε στο εργαστήριο Φαρμακογνωσίας, του τμήματος Φαρμακευτικής Α.Π.Θ.
description: This thesis deals with the study and comparison of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of essential oils from eighteen distinct species of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Greek flora. The plant material was collected from crops of the Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO)-DIMITRA, where the plants are kept outside their natural habitat. The plant samples were subjected to hydro-distillation for two hours and the essential oil obtained from each sample was analyzed by GC-MS. From the results it was found that there is a general range of compounds (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, etc.) predominant in many of the specific species, in varying proportions, while there are species that carry their own distinct compounds. This study was carried out in the Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.
Polynomial Structure of Topological String Partition Functions
Creators: name: Zhou, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J15, 14J33, 14N35

description: We review the polynomial structure of the topological string partition functions as solutions to the holomorphic anomaly equations. We also explain the connection between the ring of propagators defined from special Kähler geometry and the ring of almost-holomorphic modular forms defined on modular curves.
description: version 2: references fixed
Sustainability of citizen science platforms
Creators: name: Guasch, Blanca
name: Amo, Alex
name: Hernández, Miguel
name: Arias, Rosa
name: Liñán, Sonia
name: Piera, Jaume
name: Justamante, Ángela
name: Fabó, Claudia
name: Soacha, Karen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: co-design
co-creation
design thinking
citizen science
citizen observatories
engagement
ECSA Conference
sustainability
design methodologies
science

description: This presentation summarises the results obtained during the event 'Co-designing solutions for the sustainability and governance of citizen observatories' at the ECSA's Conference 2022. Around 25 participants attended the workshop and shared ideas for improving citizen observatories' sustainability and governance. The presentation is divided into two main sections: (1) the workshop's context, the co-design methodology implemented, (2) and the main results. The activity is part of the Cos4Cloud co-design strategy.
Transfer of learned cognitive flexibility to novel stimuli and task sets
Creators: name: Wen, Tanya
name: Geddert, Raphael
name: Madlon-Kay, Seth
name: Egner, Tobias
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: cognitive flexibility
subject: generalization
subject: meta-flexibility
subject: reinforcement learning
subject: task switching

description: Data and analyses for "Transfer of learned cognitive flexibility to novel stimuli and task sets"
Secure sequential transmission of quantum information
Creators: name: Jeong, Kabgyun
name: Kim, Jaewan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum communication protocol that can be used to transmit any quantum state, one party to another via several intermediate nodes, securely on quantum communication network. The scheme makes use of the sequentially chained and approximate version of private quantum channels satisfying certain commutation relation of $n$-qubit Pauli operations. In this paper, we study the sequential structure, security analysis, and efficiency of the quantum sequential transmission (QST) protocol in depth.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Group manifold approach to higher spin theory
Creators: name: Hu, Shan
name: Li, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the group manifold approach to higher spin theory. The deformed local higher spin transformation is realized as the diffeomorphism transformation in the group manifold $\textbf{M}$. With the suitable rheonomy condition and the torsion constraint imposed, the unfolded equation can be obtained from the Bianchi identity, by solving which, fields in $\textbf{M}$ are determined by the multiplet at one point, or equivalently, by $(W^{[a(s-1),b(0)]}_μ,H)$ in $AdS_{4}\subset \textbf{M}$. Although the space is extended to $\textbf{M}$ to get the geometrical formulation, the dynamical degrees of freedom are still in $AdS_{4}$. The $4d$ equations of motion for $(W^{[a(s-1),b(0)]}_μ,H)$ are obtained by plugging the rheonomy condition into the Bianchi identity. The proper rheonomy condition allowing for the maximum on-shell degrees of freedom is given by Vasiliev equation. We also discuss the theory with the global higher spin symmetry, which is in parallel with the WZ model in supersymmetry.
description: 35 pages,v2: revised version, v3: 38 pages, improved discussion on global HS symmetry, clarifications added in appendix B, journal version
Higher-order solutions to non-Markovian quantum dynamics via hierarchical functional derivative
Creators: name: Luo, Da-Wei
name: Lam, Chi-Hang
name: Wu, Lian-Ao
name: Yu, Ting
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solving realistic quantum systems coupled to an environment is a challenging task. Here we develop a hierarchical functional derivative (HFD) approach for efficiently solving the non-Markovian quantum trajectories of an open quantum system embedded in a bosonic bath. An explicit expression for arbitrary order HFD equation is derived systematically. Moreover, it is found that for an analytically solvable model, this hierarchical equation naturally terminates at a given order and thus becomes exactly solvable. This HFD approach provides a systematic method to study the non-Markovian quantum dynamics of an open system coupled to a bosonic environment.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
A new multidimensional, energy-dependent two-moment transport code for neutrino-hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Just, Oliver
name: Obergaulinger, Martin
name: Janka, H. -Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the new code ALCAR developed to model multidimensional, multi energy-group neutrino transport in the context of supernovae and neutron-star mergers. The algorithm solves the evolution equations of the 0th- and 1st-order angular moments of the specific intensity, supplemented by an algebraic relation for the 2nd-moment tensor to close the system. The scheme takes into account frame-dependent effects of order O(v/c) as well as the most important types of neutrino interactions. The transport scheme is significantly more efficient than a multidimensional solver of the Boltzmann equation, while it is more accurate and consistent than the flux-limited diffusion method. The finite-volume discretization of the essentially hyperbolic system of moment equations employs methods well-known from hydrodynamics. For the time integration of the potentially stiff moment equations we employ a scheme in which only the local source terms are treated implicitly, while the advection terms are kept explicit, thereby allowing for an efficient computational parallelization of the algorithm. We investigate various problem setups in one and two dimensions to verify the implementation and to test the quality of the algebraic closure scheme. In our most detailed test, we compare a fully dynamic, one-dimensional core-collapse simulation with two published calculations performed with well-known Boltzmann-type neutrino-hydrodynamics codes and we find very satisfactory agreement.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures. Revised version: several additional comments and explanations, results remain unchanged. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Reliance and Capacity: A typology for framing research and policy in Scotland's islands
Creators: name: Gow, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: nissology
Scottish islands
typology
islands
reliance
capacity
depopulation

description: Research and policy making with and for Scotland’s islands requires a detailed understanding of the diverse needs of varying island communities, as well as of the contributions they can and do make to regional and national life. To ensure research and policy is widely applicable and practically manageable islands are often categorised either as a single entity or with reference to location or local governance. Such approaches can ignore the nuance of the island landscape, leading to mis-aligned strategy, under-realisation of potential, and a risk of damaging fragile communities. Researchers working with Scotland’s islands also face ethical considerations when attempting to relate this nuance due to the small populations studied. This proposed new typology instead uses population, logistical connectivity, and local facilities as a to offer a new framework for research and policy making. This approach highlights differences within local authority areas and across islands within close proximity, while emphasising similarities between islands which are often considered separately when viewed through a location or governance lens. The result is a new seven-fold classification of Scotland’s inhabited islands which is based on indicators of reliance and capacity, and which can be further developed to include indicators specific to a range of needs.
Dimerized ground states in spin-S frustrated systems
Creators: name: Lamas, C. A.
name: Matera, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of frustrated anti-ferromagnetic spin-$S$ systems with a fully dimerized ground state. This state can be exactly obtained without the need to include any additional three-body interaction in the model. The simplest members of the family can be used as a building block to generate more complex geometries like spin tubes with a fully dimerized ground state. After present some numerical results about the phase diagram of these systems, we show that the ground state is robust against the inclusion of weak disorder in the couplings as well as several kinds of perturbations, allowing to study some other interesting models as a perturbative expansion of the exact one. A discussion on how to determine the dimerization region in terms of quantum information estimators is also presented. Finally, we explore the relation of these results with a the case of the a 4-leg spin tube which recently was proposed as the model for the description of the compound Cu$_2$Cl$_4$D$_8$C$_4$SO$_2$, delimiting the region of the parameter space where this model presents dimerization in its ground state.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Co-design of Citizen Science tools
Creators: name: Guasch, Blanca
name: Amo, Alex
name: Hernández, Miguel
name: Arias, Rosa
name: Liñán, Sonia
name: Piera, Jaume
name: Soacha, Karen
name: Justamante, Ángela
name: Fabó, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: citizen science
citizen observatories
co-design
co-creation
technology
open science
Cos4Cloud

description: This presentation explains what co-design is, why it is useful and how to apply it in citizen science in general and in creating technological citizen science services in particular to explain it, we the presentation uses the Cos4Cloud* experience. *Cos4Cloud is a project coordinated by the ICM-CSIC and funded by Horizon2020, which has 15 partners in several European countries and Colombia. It has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 863463.
Mixed-symmetry multiplets and higher-spin curvatures
Creators: name: Bekaert, Xavier
name: Boulanger, Nicolas
name: Francia, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the higher-derivative equations for gauge potentials of arbitrary mixed-symmetry type obtained by setting to zero the divergences of the corresponding curvature tensors. We show that they propagate the same reducible multiplets as the Maxwell-like second-order equations for gauge fields subject to constrained gauge transformations. As an additional output of our analysis, we provide a streamlined presentation of the Ricci-like case, where the traces of the same curvature tensors are set to zero, and we present a simple algebraic evaluation of the particle content associated with the Labastida and with the Maxwell-like second-order equations.
description: 24 pages
Reheating phase diagram for single-field slow-roll inflationary models
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence on the inflationary predictions from the reheating processes characterized by the $e$-folding number $N_{\mathrm{reh}}$ and the effective equation-of-state parameter $w_{\mathrm{reh}}$ during the reheating phase. For the first time, reheating processes can be constrained in the $N_{\mathrm{reh}}\!-\!w_{\mathrm{reh}}$ plane from Planck 2015. We find that for Higgs inflation with a nonminimal coupling to gravity, the predictions are insensitive to the reheating phase for current CMB measurements. We also find that the spontaneously broken SUSY inflation and axion monodromy inflation with $ϕ^{2/3}$ potential, which with instantaneous reheating lie outside or at the edge of the $95\%$ confidence region in the $n_s\!-\!r$ plane from Planck 2015 TT,TE,EE$+$lowP, can well fit the data with the help of reheating processes. Future CMB experiments would put strong constraints on reheating processes.
description: v1,7 pages,6 figures; v2,references added,updated with Planck 2015 results; v3,major revision,9 pages,6 figures; v4,final version to match the published version,12 pages,6 figures