cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Impacts Assessment of PV Grid-Connected Systems
Creators: name: Carvalho, A.P.
name: Pereira, R.C.R.
name: Uturbey, W.
name: Araújo, T.F.
name: Lopes, B.M.
name: Cardoso, E.N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3102-3106
description: The distributed nature of the solar resource indicates that photovoltaic (PV) generation is particularly
suited for distributed generation (DG) and it will be among the major driving forces towards a paradigm shift of the
traditional distribution segment. This research proposes an analysis framework to guide engineers in the assessment
of PV power sources impacts when connected to distribution networks, to assist in network access studies and to help
utilities on defining adequate grid codes. A probabilistic approach based on a probabilistic load flow model suited for
radial distribution systems analysis is implemented. Uncertainties about load and generation parameters, which are
relevant in order to assess operational and planning issues, can be represented, mainly, uncertainty about system
active and reactive power loads and due to PV generation. In this paper, active power losses, voltage unbalance and
the influence of R/X parameter are investigated. Simulation results obtained indicate that the approach adopted gives
a consistent framework for evaluating the different operation scenarios that arise on practice.
How to Stimulate the South African Rooftop PV Market without Putting Electricity Distributors’ Financial Stability at Risk
Creators: name: Bischof-Niemz, T.
name: Roro, K.T.
name: Milazi, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3129-3134
description: In South Africa, embedded PV is at retail grid parity today. It is even cost-competitive to alternative new-build options (“new-build parity”). Many electricity customers are therefore already installing embedded PV. This would lead to an uncontrollable “under the radar” market for embedded PV, with potentially unsafe practices. Furthermore, it would lead to bankruptcy of many electricity distributors due to lost margins owed to self-consumed PV energy. It is better to embrace the development as an immense opportunity for quick, inexpensive ramp-up of significant amounts of additional energy supply. The CSIR Energy Centre therefore developed a Net Feed-in Tariff concept, in which electricity distributors are made financially indifferent to embedded PV, and the business case for the PV owner is de-risked at the same time. This all at no net costs to the system as compared to alternative new-build options. The concept is currently being discussed with the relevant government departments, the PV industry and with the regulator for potential implementation.
Output Duration Curve. An Useful Tool for PV Analysis and Grid Integration
Creators: name: Baena, F.
name: Terrados, J.
name: Almonacid, G.
name: Gómez Vidal, P.
name: Valera, P.
name: Almonacid, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3112-3116
description: Load duration curve (LDC) and output duration curve (ODC) are a very useful graphic tools to analyze the behaviour
of an electric system both for demand purposes and for generation ones, respectively. Despite that, the use of this tool
is not much extended in photovoltaics systems, not even in grid connected PV systems. However, its utilization may
provide us with interesting information for the assessment of the PV system operation, such as: peak power reached,
energy yield, energy time distribution, etc.
Therefore this type of curves can be very useful both for the analysis of the PV system operation and for the
comparison among different PV systems or to perform studies related to energy planning and grid penetration of PV
electricity. Regarding the latter issue, it is presented how the use of ODC can determine the maximum demand
coverage through photovoltaics in large electricity grids. In the cases studied, the maximum photovoltaic coverage
has resulted to range between 18.7% and 29.9% of the annual energy demand without including storage and without
surplus photovoltaic generation.
An interesting new concept is presented: Half Energy Line. This line can be successfully used to analyze the
behaviour of a photovoltaic installation or system.
Otopteropus cartilagonodus Kock 1969
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Otopteropus
Otopteropus cartilagonodus

description: Otopteropus cartilagonodus Kock, 1969. Senckenberg. Biol., 50:333. TYPE LOCALITY: Philippines, Luzon, Mountain Prov., Sitio Pactil. DISTRIBUTION: Luzon (Philippines). STATUS: IUCN - Insufficiently known.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Two-Carrier Transport Induced Hall Anomaly and Large Tunable Magnetoresistance in Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2 Nanoplates
Creators: name: Li, Cai-Zhen
name: Li, Jin-Guang
name: Wang, Li-Xian
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Jing-Min
name: Yu, Dapeng
name: Liao, Zhi-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cd3As2 is a model material of Dirac semimetal with a linear dispersion relation along all three directions in the momentum space. The unique band structure of Cd3As2 makes it with both Dirac and topological properties. It can be driven into a Weyl semimetal by the symmetry breaking or a topological insulator by enhancing the spin-orbit coupling. Here we report the temperature and gate voltage dependent magnetotransport properties of Cd3As2 nanoplates with Fermi level near the Dirac point. The Hall anomaly demonstrates the two-carrier transport accompanied by a transition from n-type to p-type conduction with decreasing temperature. The carrier-type transition is explained by considering the temperature dependent spin-orbit coupling. The magnetoresistance exhibits a large non-saturating value up to 2000% at high temperatures, which is ascribed to the electron-hole compensation in the system. Our results are valuable for understanding the experimental observations related to the two-carrier transport in Dirac/Weyl semimetals, such as Na3Bi, ZrTe5, TaAs, NbAs, and HfTe5.
Cost and Benefits of Past and Current Support Schemes for PV in Europe
Creators: name: El Gammal, A.
name: Masson, G.
name: Orlandi, S.
name: Ngo, T.M.N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Issues

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3072-3076
description: The European PV market experienced a steep growth reaching an installed capacity of more than 89 GW at the end
of 2014, representing 49% of the global PV installed capacity. This was made possible thanks to financial support schemes that
have been activated in many European countries. Feed-in systems, quota obligations with tradable green certificates, investment
grants and tax incentives to support PV electricity generation have driven the market in the last years. In particular generous Feedin
Tariffs (FiT) played a key role in the development of the European PV market. As a consequence, government support for PV
market has been a subject of much debate in Europe in the last years. The study assessed that the cost of current support schemes is
much cheaper than what they used to be in the past. In addition self-consumption and net-metering schemes are decreasing the total
cost of support by 44%.
Turbulent 2.5 dimensional dynamos
Creators: name: Seshasayanan, K.
name: Alexakis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamo instability driven by a turbulent two dimensional flow with three components of the form (u(x, y, t), v(x, y, t), w(x, y, t)) sometimes referred to as a 2.5 dimensional flow. This type of flows provides an approximation to very fast rotating flows often observed in nature. The low dimensionality of the system allows the investigation of a wide range of fluid Reynolds number Re, magnetic Reynolds number Rm and forcing length scales relative to the domain size that is still prohibited for full three dimensional numerical simulations. We were thus able to determine the properties of the dynamo onset as a function of Re and and the asymptotic behavior of the most unstable mode in the large Rm limit. In particular it has been shown that: In a non-helical flow in an infinite domain the critical magnetic Reynolds number Rmc becomes a constant in the large Re limit. A helical flow always results in dynamo in agreement with mean field predictions. For thin layers for both helical and nonhelical flows the Rmc scales as a power-law of Re. The growth-rate of fastest growing mode becomes independent of Re and Rm when their values are sufficiently large. The most unstable length scale in this limit scales linearly with the forcing length scale. Thus while the mean field predictions are valid, they are not expected to be dominant in the large Rm limit.
Economics of Global LNG Trading Based on Hybrid PV-Wind Power Plants
Creators: name: Fasihi, M.
name: Bogdanov, D.
name: Breyer, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Business Opportunities

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3051-3067
description: With growing demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) and concerns about climate change, this paper
introduces a new value chain design for LNG and a respective business case taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power
plants. The value chain is based on renewable electricity (RE) converted by power-to-gas (PtG) facilities into synthetic
natural gas (SNG), which is finally liquefied into LNG. This RE-LNG can be shipped everywhere in the world. The
calculations for hybrid PV-Wind power plants, electrolysis and methanation are done based on both annual and hourly full
load hours (FLh). To reach the minimum cost, the optimized combination of fixed-tilted and single-axis tracking PV, wind
power, and battery capacities have been applied. Results show that the proposed RE-LNG value chain is competitive for
Brent crude oil prices within a minimum price range of 87 - 145 USD/barrel, depending on assumptions for cost of capital,
available oxygen sales and CO2 emission costs. RE-LNG is competitive with fossil LNG from an economic perspective,
while removing environmental concerns. This range would be an upper limit for the fossil LNG price in the long-term and
RE-LNG can become competitive whenever the fossil prices are higher than the level mentioned and the cost assumptions
expected for the year 2030 are achieved. The substitution of fossil fuels by hybrid PV-Wind power plants could create a
PV-wind market potential in the order of 9.5 terawatts.
Homogenization for Time-periodic KPP Reactions
Creators: name: Zlatos, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove homogenization for reaction-advection-diffusion equations with KPP reactions, in the time-periodic spatially stationary ergodic setting, and find an explicit formula for the homogenized dynamic. We also extend this result to models with non-local diffusion and KPP reactions.
description: The content of this paper was originally included in arXiv:2202.07743v1
From off Grid through Grid Connected Applications, the Economic and Behavioral History of the Global Photovoltaic Industry & Its Future Prospects
Creators: name: Mints, P.
name: Newman, B.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Issues

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3068-3071
description: During its over 40-year history as a terrestrial source of electricity, the global photovoltaic industry has
existed in an energy ecosystem in which demand for grid connected installations is driven by incentives, while
demand for off grid installations operates almost entire under free market conditions. As PV industry incentives are
inherently unreliable, the effect has been to form an industry personality profile that will engage in available demand
even when this demand is not profitable. In the late 1990s driven by incentives in the US state California, Germany
and Japan, demand for grid-connected solar systems began accelerating. The extraordinarily strong growth of the
grid connected application officially began in 1997, when the German 100,000 Solar Roof Program and zero interest
financing, Japan’s residential rooftop rebate and subsidy and California’s rebate drove industry drove 234% growth
over 1996 to >39-MWp. Multi-gigawatt demand for grid connected installations over the past 10 years (2004 –
2014) is a direct result of the EU feed-in-tariff model and subsequent FiT-like incentives. The FiT incentive model is
also directly responsible for driving the success of the multi-megawatt (utility scale in the US, solar farms in Europe)
sub-segment of the commercial application. Without large investor interest, the multi-megawatt installation segment
would not have proliferated to the point that the industry is dominated by it. This paper will explore the economic and
behavioral aspects of the incentive driven global photovoltaic industry and explore its future direction under the
assumption that incentives will eventually not be available to it.
Bimodal regime in young massive clusters leading to subsequent stellar generations
Creators: name: Wünsch, Richard
name: Palouš, Jan
name: Tenorio-Tagle, Guillermo
name: Muñoz-Tuñón, Casiana
name: Ehlerová, Soňa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars in young massive clusters insert tremendous amounts of mass and energy into their surroundings in the form of stellar winds and supernova ejecta. Mutual shock-shock collisions lead to formation of hot gas, filling the volume of the cluster. The pressure of this gas then drives a powerful cluster wind. However, it has been shown that if the cluster is massive and dense enough, it can evolve in the so--called bimodal regime, in which the hot gas inside the cluster becomes thermally unstable and forms dense clumps which are trapped inside the cluster by its gravity. We will review works on the bimodal regime and discuss the implications for the formation of subsequent stellar generations. The mass accumulates inside the cluster and as soon as a high enough column density is reached, the interior of the clumps becomes self-shielded against the ionising radiation of stars and the clumps collapse and form new stars. The second stellar generation will be enriched by products of stellar evolution from the first generation, and will be concentrated near the cluster center.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, invited talk at IAU Symposium 316 "Formation, evolution, and survival of massive star clusters", C. Charbonnel & A. Nota, eds
Enhance Interconnection Operation of Japan’s Power System to Accommodate PV Penetration in 2030
Creators: name: Ogimoto, K.
name: Kataoka, K.
name: Fonseca Jr., J.G.S.
name: Azuma, H.
name: Isonaga, A.
name: Nonaka, S.
name: Oozeki, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2996-3001
description: After the nuclear power plant accidents on March 11, 2011, there are ongoing serious discussions on the
future energy demand-supply in Japan. Beside the discussions, a Feed-in Tariff program for renewable energy was
launched in July of 2012. More recently, the Japan government announced the Strategic Energy Plan, in April 2014,
and it announced the long-term energy demand and supply outlook in July, 2015. The power system in Japan consists
of 10 systems, of which 9 areas, excluding the Okinawa in southern islands, are interconnected by AC 500kV and DC
+/-250kV and DC back-to-back interconnections.
We have been analyzing and evaluating Japan’s future power demand and supply using a tool, ESPRIT and we also
developed a new demand and supply analysis tool. In this paper, we used these tools to model Japan’s power systems
in 2030. Based on the long-term outlook of energy demand and supply, we analyzed demand and supply balance of
Japan’s interconnected power systems. The analysis considered enhancements of interconnection operation, and
selection between economic load dispatch and priority load dispatch for renewable energy generation.
The enhancements of interconnection operation from isolated systems, and energy exchanges to additional LFC
balancing capability exchange reduced curtailment of PV and wind generation in the scenarios studied. Priority load
dispatch also reduced curtailment but increased fuel costs. The results show that with enhanced interconnection
operation, there will be moderate renewable power generation curtailment under a penetration scenario of 103 GW of
PV and 32 GW of wind
Paranyctimene Tate 1942
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Paranyctimene

description: Paranyctimene Tate, 1942. Am. Mus. Novit., 1204:1. TYPE SPECIES: Paranyctimene raptor Tate, 1924.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Perspectives on Management of End-of-Life Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Wambach, K.
name: Sander, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Issues

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3081-3086
description: By the end of the year 2014 photovoltaic module (PV) deployment has reached a cumulative global
installed capacity of about 180 GWp. It is expected that PV modules will reach their end-of-service-time after 20 -30
years and will have to be dismantled and waste treated.
This paper addresses potential issues related to end-of-life (EOL) PV modules. A calculation model was developed to
predict the amounts of end-of-life PV modules for the years 2014 to 2030. Depending on the model assumptions the
calculated waste amounts show a wide range from 30,000 t to 151,000 t worldwide in 2015. In 2030 the results show
a range from 1.7 million tons to 7.1 million tons. Data uncertainties regarding the actual usage times and the
assessment and extrapolating of early failures lead to a complex situation for the estimation of waste amounts for a
certain year.
The research revealed the need to improve the data basis on the use of PV modules, failure and preplacement and
end-of-life collection and treatment to identify the best ways to deal with the future waste streams in a country and
the right time and path for the implementation of a suitable waste treatment system.
In the European Union management of EOL PV modules are specifically regulated within the scope of the European
Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Directive. Very few other specific regulations on the management of waste
PV modules exist outside the European Union. Presence of small quantities of potentially hazardous substances in PV
modules might directly result in negative environmental impacts if the waste modules are not handled and treated in
an appropriate way. First recommendations on end-of-life treatment solutions have been elaborated to allow a
sufficient lead time to develop policies and strategies for future waste treatment of photovoltaic modules in different
regions.
In a second part of the study, policy options to improve the management of end-of-life PV modules will be
elaborated. Publishing is expected for the end of this year.
An ALMA Search for Substructure, Fragmentation, and Hidden Protostars in Starless Cores in Chamaeleon I
Creators: name: Dunham, Michael M.
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Bourke, Tyler L.
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Arce, Héctor G.
name: Chen, Xuepeng
name: Di Francesco, James
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Lee, Katherine I.
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Price, Daniel
name: Sadavoy, Sarah I.
name: Schnee, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 106 GHz (Band 3) continuum survey of the complete population of dense cores in the Chamaeleon I molecular cloud. We detect a total of 24 continuum sources in 19 different target fields. All previously known Class 0 and Class I protostars in Chamaeleon I are detected, whereas all of the 56 starless cores in our sample are undetected. We show that the Spitzer+Herschel census of protostars in Chamaeleon I is complete, with the rate at which protostellar cores have been misclassified as starless cores calculated as <1/56, or < 2%. We use synthetic observations to show that starless cores collapsing following the turbulent fragmentation scenario are detectable by our ALMA observations when their central densities exceed ~10^8 cm^-3, with the exact density dependent on the viewing geometry. Bonnor-Ebert spheres, on the other hand, remain undetected to central densities at least as high as 10^10 cm^-3. Our starless core non-detections are used to infer that either the star formation rate is declining in Chamaeleon I and most of the starless cores are not collapsing, matching the findings of previous studies, or that the evolution of starless cores are more accurately described by models that develop less substructure than predicted by the turbulent fragmentation scenario, such as Bonnor-Ebert spheres. We outline future work necessary to distinguish between these two possibilities.
description: Accepted by ApJ
title: Nautische optimalisatie CP Nieuwe Sluis Zeebrugge: deelrapport 3. Passeercondities scheepvaart jachthaven in functie van scheepsgolven
Creators: name: Verwilligen, Jeroen
name: Eloot, Katrien
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics Research
Year: 2022

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. Volume : 20_011_3 Issue : Pagination : VII, 23
A cellular automaton decoder for a noise-bias tailored color code
Creators: name: Miguel, Jonathan F. San
name: Williamson, Dominic J.
name: Brown, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-correcting quantum memories demonstrate robust properties that can be exploited to improve active quantum error-correction protocols. Here we propose a cellular automaton decoder for a variation of the color code where the bases of the physical qubits are locally rotated, which we call the XYZ color code. The local transformation means our decoder demonstrates key properties of a two-dimensional fractal code if the noise acting on the system is infinitely biased towards dephasing, namely, no string-like logical operators. As such, in the high-bias limit, our local decoder reproduces the behavior of a partially self-correcting memory. At low error rates, our simulations show that the memory time diverges polynomially with system size without intervention from a global decoder, up to some critical system size that grows as the error rate is lowered. Furthermore, although we find that we cannot reproduce partially self-correcting behavior at finite bias, our numerics demonstrate improved memory times at realistic noise biases. Our results therefore motivate the design of tailored cellular automaton decoders that help to reduce the bandwidth demands of global decoding for realistic noise models.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. v2 fixed error where an incorrect cellular automaton rule was referenced
MPEC 2023-S255 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 September 28)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
North-East Asian Super Grid for 100% Renewable Energy Power Supply: Distributed Small-Scale and Centralized Large-Scale Solar PV as a Major Energy Source
Creators: name: Bogdanov, D.
name: Breyer, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3002-3023
description: A need for the development of a renewable energy (RE) based system has emerged from the fast rise of electricity demand and increasing ecological problems provoked by human activities, including a fossil fuel based energy sector. Availability of various types of RE resources in North-East Asian regions including solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal energy resources enables the very promising vision of building a Super Grid connecting different regions’ energy resources to achieve synergistic effects and make a 100% RE supply possible. The regions are composed of Japan, China, North and South Korea, Mongolia, East Siberia and Far Eastern federal districts of Russia. The energy mix of energy supply consists of distributed small-scale rooftop PV and centralized large scale solar PV, solar thermal electricity generation (CSP), wind onshore, hydropower, geothermal energy, bioenergy, and four different energy storage technologies. For every sub-region a cost-optimal mix of energy technologies and storage options is defined, optimal capacities are computed for regions interconnected by high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power lines, system cost and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for each sub-region are computed, and total system LCOE of 58 – 77 €/MWh, depending on scenario assumptions, can be obtained. Integration of energy sectors leads to improved total system LCOE. The results clearly show that a 100% RE-based system is lower in cost than nuclear and fossil carbon capture and storage (CCS) alternatives. Solar PV is a core component for energy supply and reducing the total system costs.
The main welfare aspects of the different stunning methods in rabbits
Creators: name: EURCAW-Poultry-SFA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: rabbit
slaughter
stunning
consciousness
key parameters
animal-based indicators

description: This review outlines the methods for stunning rabbits and the indicators used to monitor consciousness. In 2022, Spain, France, and Italy accounted for 88% of the approximately 62 million rabbits slaughtered in the EU. Stunning methods include head-only electrical stunning (used by 93% of slaughterhouses) and captive bolt (preferred by 7%). Nearly all rabbits (99.99%) are stunned using head-only electrical methods. The absence of specific electrical parameters in legislation leads to varying stunning key parameters, with 25% of slaughterhouses using parameters below available information. Common indicators of consciousness include reflexes like corneal or palpebral, breathing, vocalization, tonic/clonic seizures, and spontaneous blinking. Concerns for animal welfare encompass improper handling, ineffective stunning, and extended stun-to-stick intervals.
Stripped-envelope stars in different metallicity environments. II. Type I supernovae and compact remnants
Creators: name: Aguilera-Dena, David R.
name: Müller, Bernhard
name: Antoniadis, John
name: Langer, Norbert
name: Dessart, Luc
name: Vigna-Gómez, Alejandro
name: Yoon, Sung-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stripped-envelope stars can be observed as Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, or as less luminous hydrogen-poor stars with low mass loss rates and transparent winds. Both types are potential progenitors of Type I core-collapse supernovae (SNe). We use grids of core-collapse models obtained from helium stars at different metallicities to study the effects of metallicity on the transients and remnants these stars produce. We characterise the surface and core properties of our core collapse models, and investigate their explodability employing three criteria. In cases where explosions are predicted, we estimate the ejecta mass, explosion energy, nickel mass and neutron star (NS) mass. Otherwise, we predict the mass of the resulting black hole (BH). We construct a simplified population model, and find that the properties SNe and compact objects depend strongly on metallicity. Ejecta masses and explosion energies for Type Ic SNe are best reproduced by models with Z=0.04 which exhibit strong winds during core helium burning. This implies that either their mass loss rates are underestimated, or that Type Ic SN progenitors experience mass loss through other mechanisms before exploding. The distributions of ejecta masses, explosion energies and nickel mass for Type Ib SNe are not well reproduced by progenitor models with WR mass loss, but are better reproduced if we assume no mass loss in progenitors with luminosities below the minimum WR star luminosity. We find that Type Ic SNe become more common as metallicity increases, and that the vast majority of progenitors of Type Ib SNe must be transparent-wind stripped-envelope stars. We find several models with pre-collapse CO-masses of up to $\sim 30 M_{\odot}$ may form $\sim 3 M_{\odot}$ BHs in fallback SNe. This may carry important consequences for our understanding of SNe, binary BH and NS systems, X-ray binary systems and gravitational wave transients.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
PV LCOE in Europe 2015-2050
Creators: name: Vartiainen, E.
name: Masson, G.
name: Breyer, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Business Opportunities

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3024-3033
description: Photovoltaics (PV) is expected to become one of the cheapest forms of electricity generation during the
next decades. The Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) of PV has already reached grid parity with retail electricity in
many markets and is approaching wholesale parity in some countries. In this paper, it is estimated that the PV LCOE
in main European markets is going to decrease from 2015 to 2030 by about 45% and to 2050 by about 60%. The
LCOE for utility-scale PV in Europe will be about 25-45 €/MWh in 2030 and about 15-30 €/MWh in 2050 depending
on the location. The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the most important parameter together with the
annual irradiation in the calculation of the PV LCOE. The uncertainty in capital and operational expenditure (CAPEX
and OPEX) is relatively less important while the system lifetime and degradation have only a minor effect. The work
for this paper has been carried out under the framework of the EU PV Technology Platform.
Paranyctimene raptor Tate 1942
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Paranyctimene
Paranyctimene raptor

description: Paranyctimene raptor Tate, 1942. Am. Mus. Novit., 1204:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Papua New Guinea, Western Prov., Fly River, Oroville Camp. (ca. 4 mi. (6 km) below Elavala River mouth). DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Electron Transport in Molecular Junctions with Graphene as Protecting Layer
Creators: name: Hüser, Falco
name: Solomon, Gemma C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ab-initio transport calculations for molecular junctions that include graphene as a protecting layer between a single molecule and gold electrodes. This vertical setup has recently gained significant interest in experiment for the design of particularly stable and reproducible devices. We observe that the signals from the molecule in the electronic transmission are overlayed by the signatures of the graphene sheet, thus raising the need for a reinterpretation of the transmission. On the other hand, we see that our results are stable with respect to various defects in the graphene. For weakly physiosorbed molecules, no signs of interaction with the graphene are evident, so the transport properties are determined by offresonant tunnelling between the gold leads across an extended structure that includes the molecule itself and the additional graphene layer. Compared with pure gold electrodes, calculated conductances are about one order of magnitude lower due to the increased tunnelling distance. Relative differences upon changing the end group and the length of the molecule on the other hand, are similar.
Investigating the Impact of Solar Radiation Variability on Grid Stability with Dispersed PV Generation
Creators: name: Frearson, L.
name: Rodden, P.
name: Backwell, J.
name: Thwaites, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2989-2995
description: This paper is the result of research undertaken by CAT Projects and the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) in 2013-2014, investigating the impacts of solar radiation variability on the stability of electrical grids with medium penetration PV generation. The analysis takes into account the distribution of PV generators throughout the grid, with the hypothesis that the impact of weather variability is mitigated by dispersion of PV across a greater geographical area. Although there is an assumption that large multi-nodal electricity grids are inherently stable (i.e. do not experience large variances in supply), and that the addition of significant PV input and associated intermittency potential could cause disruptions that would increase the risk of operational problems, results from this project indicate the opposite. Notably, the Alice Springs grid (which is analogous to many other grids in regional and remote areas, as well as many sections of larger electricity networks) encounters a significant level of load variance as part of normal operation. In other words, such networks already accommodate a high degree of variability without compromising on operational outcomes.
Penthetor K. Andersen 1912
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Penthetor

description: Penthetor K. Andersen, 1912. Cat. Chiroptera Brit. Mus., p. 665. TYPE SPECIES: Cynopterus (Ptenochirus) lucasi Dobson, 1880.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Muon g-2 with overlap valence fermions
Creators: name: Wang, Gen
name: Draper, Terrence
name: Liu, Keh-Fei
name: Yang, Yi-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lattice calculation of the leading order (LO) hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment for the connected light and strange quarks, $a^{\rm W}_{{\rm con}, l/s}$ in the widely used window $t_0=0.4~\mathrm{fm}$, $t_1=1.0~\mathrm{fm}$, $Δ=0.15~\mathrm{fm}$, and also of $a^{\rm S}_{{\rm con}, l/s}$ in the short distance region. We use overlap fermions on 4 physical-point ensembles. Two 2+1 flavor RBC/UKQCD ensembles use domain wall fermions (DWF) and Iwasaki gauge actions at $a = 0.084$ and 0.114 fm, and two 2+1+1 flavor MILC ensembles use the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) and Symanzik gauge actions at $a = 0.088$ and 0.121 fm. We have incorporated infinite volume corrections from 3 additional DWF ensembles at ${\rm L}$ = 4.8, 6.4 and 9.6 fm and physical pion mass. For $a^{\rm W}_{{\rm con}, l}$, we find that our results on the two smaller lattice spacings are consistent with those using the unitary setup, but those at the two coarser lattice spacings are slightly different. Eventually, we predict $a^{\rm W}_{{\rm con}, l}=206.7(1.5)(1.0)$ and $a^{\rm W}_{{\rm con}, s}=26.8(0.1)(0.3)$, using linear extrapolation in $a^2$, with systematic uncertainties estimated from the difference of the central values from the RBC/UKQCD and MILC ensembles.
description: matched to the version accepted by PRD
Intrinsic electromagnetic variability in celestial objects containing rapidly spinning black holes
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical studies have raised the concern that a mysterious expulsion of magnetic field lines by a rapidly-spinning black hole (dubbed the black hole Meissner effect) would shut down the Blandford-Znajek process and quench the jets of active galactic nuclei and microquasars. This effect is however not seen observationally or in numerical simulations. Previous attempts at reconciling the predictions with observations have proposed several mechanisms to evade the Meissner effect. In this paper, we identify a new evasion mechanism and discuss its observational significance. Specifically, we show that the breakdown of stationarity is sufficient to remove the expulsion of the magnetic field at all multipole orders, and that the associated temporal variation is likely turbulent due to the existence of efficient mechanisms for sharing energy across different modes. Such an intrinsic (as opposed to being driven externally by, e.g., changes in the accretion rate) variability of the electromagnetic field can produce the recorded linear correlation between microvariability amplitudes and mean fluxes, help create magnetic randomness and seed sheared magnetic loops in jets, and lead to a better theoretical fit to the X-ray microvariability power spectral density.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
PV Investment Financeability and Attractiveness: Improvement of Business Models through Technical Risk Quantification and Management
Creators: name: Tjendgdrawira, C.
name: Woyte, A.
name: Graf Von Armansperg, M.
name: Moser, D.
name: Theologitis, I.T.
name: Jahn, U.
name: Herz, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Business Opportunities

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3042-3045
description: The PV sector has overall experienced a significant growth globally in the last decade, reflecting the recognition of
PV as a clean and sustainable source of energy. At the heart of PV electricity generation are PV installations. Project
investment has been and is still one primary financial factor in enabling sustained growth in PV installations.
Bankability is a loosely coined term when one speaks about the potential success/risks of a project and its
prospects for investment. In assessing the investment-worthiness of a PV project, different financial stakeholders
such as investors, lenders and insurers will evaluate the impact and probability of investment risks differently
depending on their investment goals. Similarly, risk mitigation measures implemented are subject to the
investment perspective. In the financing process, the stakeholders will elect the business model to apply and be
faced with the task of taking appropriate assumptions relevant to the technical aspects of a PV project for the
selected business model.
Case Study of a Low-Voltage Distribution Grid with High PV Penetration in Germany and Simulation Analyses of Cost-Effective Measures
Creators: name: Carigiet, F.
name: Niedrist, M.
name: Scheuermann, C.
name: Baumgartner, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV in the Electricity Markets

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2982-2988
description: The low-voltage distribution grid Dettighofen, Germany, was analysed regarding load flows and the
voltage behaviour due to decentralised PV power generation. High load flow fluctuations of 400kW within 25
minutes were observed in the more critical western part of the grid. During the night, the average base and the peak
load obtained from the medium voltage grid was 55.8kW and 150kW, respectively. On certain days, the transformer
(400kVA) fed with rated power into the medium-voltage grid. The relative voltage rise on the transformer was
between 2% and 3%. A critical situation was found at a distribution box with two long stubs and a total PV
installation power of 99.3kWp. The load flows caused a relative voltage rise of 4.5% on a day with clear sky and
there was a voltage peak slightly above 110% on a day with high fluctuating irradiance. In a second step, load flow
simulations with NEPLAN were performed to analyse three different voltage reducing measures. The relative voltage
rise could be reduced by 3% with an active power curtailment ratio of 70% together with reactive power control
(cos of 0.95 and cos of 0.9 at P>13.8kW). Peak shifting with battery storage leads to the same reduction if the
power which exceeds 40% of the rated PV power is shifted. The average costs of limiting the active power to 70%
are 1.45ct/kWh compared to 3.11€/kWh for peak shifting with commercial available lead-acid batteries. This is due
to the low number of storage cycles resulting in high costs.
Deployment Pathways for Photovoltaics in the EU Towards 2020: Comparing Economic Factors with Policies at Municipal Level
Creators: name: Taylor, N.
name: Szabó, S.
name: Kona, A.
name: Melica, G.
name: Huld, T.
name: Jäger-Waldau, A.
name: Ossenbrink, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Business Opportunities

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3034-3041
description: The Covenant of Mayors is a European movement involving local authorities voluntarily committing to
meet and exceed the European Union's 20% CO2 reduction objective for 2020 by increasing energy efficiency
and use of renewable energy sources. Photovoltaics (PV) can play an important role in this as a distributed form
of electricity production, adaptable to the urban environment and to see the impact of this a preliminary analysis
has been made of the Covenant of Mayors' plans for PV.. The data reveal widely varying predicted contributions
of PV to local energy production for 2020, many of which are an order of magnitude below expected level of total
potential for PV energy yield for a given urban area.. There is therefore huge scope to increase local PV
electricity with efficient policy measures, providing also a powerful boost to the European PV market.
Economic Evaluation of a Renewable Energy System for Rural Electrification in Morocco- a Case Study
Creators: name: El Fathi, A.
name: Bennouna, A.
name: Outzourhit, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: PV APPLICATIONS
PV Applications Without a Centralised Grid

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2930-2932
description: Elkaria is a remote rural village located in the middle of Morocco which enjoys an average daily solar
irradiation of 6kW/m²/day. This potential was exploited to supply the village with electricity using a standalone PV plant
with a peak power of 7.2 kWp and an 1100 Ah battery bank. The plant feeds the 16 households of the village by
electricity using an isolated grid. In this work, the Renewable Fraction (RF) and Cost of Electricity (COE) were evaluated
for this plant in two situations: 1) standalone mode with energy storage, and 2) grid-connected mode with no storage.
Homer 2.81software was used in this study to economically and environmentally evaluate the feasibility of these
configurations. The village load curve was determined from previous measurements while the solar radiation data are
obtained from PVGIS Africa and compared with onsite measured values. The prices used are the actual costs of the
system components. The results show that the second case is more optimal than the first presenting a RF of 0.71, and a
COE of 0.103$/kWh against a RF of 1 and COE of 0.523 $/kWh for the first case.
Dynamic screening of quasiparticles in WS$_2$ monolayers
Creators: name: Calati, Stefano
name: Li, Qiuyang
name: Zhu, Xiaoyang
name: Stähler, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unravel the influence of quasiparticle screening in the non-equilibrium exciton dynamics of monolayer WS$_2$. We report pump photon energy-dependent exciton blue and red-shifts from time-resolved-reflectance contrast measurements. Based on a phenomenological model, we isolate the effective impact of excitons and free carriers on the renormalization of the quasi-free particle band gap, exciton binding energy and linewidth broadening. By this, our work does not only provide a comprehensive picture of the competing phenomena governing the exciton dynamics in WS$_2$ upon photoexcitation, but also demonstrates that exciton and carrier contributions to dynamic screening of the Coulomb interaction differ significantly.