Newcastle disease virus induces testicular damage and disrupts steroidogenesis in specific pathogen free roosters
Creators: name: Rehman, Zaib Ur
name: Ren, Shanhui
name: Yang, Bin
name: Yang, Xiaofeng
name: Butt, Salman Latif
name: Afzal, Alia
name: Malik, Muhammad Irfan
name: Sun, Yingjie
name: Yu, Shengqing
name: Meng, Chunchun
name: Ding, Chan
Publisher: name: London : BioMed Central
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: alpha1 interferon
subject: beta interferon
subject: cytochrome P450
subject: gamma interferon
subject: interferon
subject: interferon induced helicase C domain containing protein 1
subject: interleukin 8
subject: lactate dehydrogenase
subject: lactic acid
subject: luteinizing hormone
subject: luteinizing hormone receptor
subject: messenger RNA
subject: steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
subject: testosterone
subject: toll like receptor
subject: toll like receptor 3
subject: toll like receptor 7
subject: animal experiment
subject: animal model
subject: animal tissue
subject: Article
subject: cell vacuole
subject: chicken
subject: controlled study
subject: Echinococcus granulosus
subject: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
subject: erythrocyte count
subject: gene expression
subject: genotype
subject: germfree chicken
subject: histology
subject: immune response
subject: inflammation
subject: innate immunity
subject: male
subject: male genital system
subject: melanoma
subject: Newcastle disease
subject: Newcastle disease virus
subject: nonhuman
subject: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
subject: poultry
subject: poultry farming
subject: real time polymerase chain reaction
subject: reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
subject: RNA isolation
subject: rooster
subject: spermatogenesis
subject: spermatogonium
subject: steroidogenesis
subject: testis disease
subject: testis tissue
subject: upregulation
subject: virus replication
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: Newcastle disease (ND), which is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), can cause heavy economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. It is characterised by extensive pathologies of the digestive, respiratory, and nervous systems and can cause severe damage to the reproductive system of egg-laying hens. However, it is unknown whether NDV replicates in the male reproductive system of chickens and induces any pathologies. In this study, we selected a representative strain (i.e. ZJ1) of the most common genotype (i.e. VII) of NDV to investigate whether NDV can induce histological, hormonal, and inflammatory responses in the testes of specific pathogen free (SPF) roosters. NDV infection increased the expression of toll like receptor TLR3, TLR7, MDA5, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-8, and CXCLi1 in the testes of NDV-infected roosters at 5 days post-infection (dpi). Severe histological changes, including decrease in the number of Sertoli cells and individualized, shrunken spermatogonia with pyknotic nuclei, were observed at 3 dpi. At 5 dpi, the spermatogenic columns were disorganized, and there were fewer cells, which were replaced by necrotic cells, lipid vacuoles, and proteinaceous homogenous material. A significant decrease in the plasma concentrations of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) and the mRNA expression of their receptors in the testes, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the NDV-infected group was observed relative to those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that NDV infection induces a severe inflammatory response and histological changes, which decrease the steroidogenesis. © 2020 The Author(s).