cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Suppression of the antiferromagnetic metallic state in the pressurized MnBi2Te4 single crystal
Creators: name: Chen, K. Y.
name: Wang, B. S.
name: Yan, J. -Q.
name: Parker, D. S.
name: Zhou, J. -S.
name: Uwatoko, Y.
name: Cheng, J. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnBi2Te4 has attracted tremendous research interest recently as the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AF) topological insulator. It undergoes a long-range AF order at TN = 24 K accompanied with a cusp-like anomaly in the metallic resistivity. Here, we studied the effect of hydrostatic pressure on its electrical transport properties up to 12.5 GPa by using a cubic anvil cell apparatus. We find that TN determined from the resistivity anomaly first increases slightly with pressure and then decreases until vanished completely at ~7 GPa. Intriguingly, its resistivity rho(T) is enhanced gradually by pressure, and evolves from metallic to activated behavior as the AF order is suppressed. From the Hall resistivity measurements, we confirm that the n-type carriers dominate the transport properties and the carrier density is raised by pressure. In addition, the critical magnetic field Hc1 ~3.3 T at 0 GPa for the spin-flop transition to the canted AF state is found to increase to ~ 5 T and 7.5 T at 1 and 3 GPa. High-pressure XRD evidenced no structural transition up to 12.8 GPa. Based on the Hall resistivity results and first-principles calculations, we proposed that the intralayer direct AF interactions are strengthened by pressure and the competition between AF and FM interactions not only prevents long-range magnetic order but also promotes charge carrier localizations through enhance magnetic fluctuations at high pressures.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Association between midlife dementia risk factors and longitudinal brain atrophy: the PREVENT-Dementia study
Creators: name: O'Brien, John T
name: Firbank, Michael J
name: Ritchie, Karen
name: Wells, Katie
name: Williams, Guy B
name: Ritchie, Craig W
name: Su, Li
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Neurodegeneration

description: Background: Increased rates of brain atrophy on serial MRI are frequently used as a surrogate marker of disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. However, the extent to which they are associated with future risk of dementia in asymptomatic subjects is not clear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) risk score and longitudinal atrophy in middle-aged subjects. Materials and methods: A sample of 167 subjects (aged 40–59 at baseline) from the PREVENT-Dementia programme underwent MRI scans on two separate occasions (mean interval 735 days; SD 44 days). We measured longitudinal rates of brain atrophy using the FSL Siena toolbox. Results: Annual percentage rates of brain volume and ventricular volume change were greater in those with a high (>6) vs low CAIDE score—absolute brain volume percentage loss 0.17% (CI 0.07 to 0.27) and absolute ventricular enlargement 1.78% (CI 1.14 to 2.92) higher in the at risk group. Atrophy rates did not differ between subjects with and without a parental history of dementia, but were significantly correlated with age. Using linear regression, with covariates of age, sex and education, CAIDE score >6 was the only significant predictor of whole brain atrophy rates (p=0.025) while age (p=0.009), sex (p=0.002) and CAIDE>6 (p=0.017) all predicted ventricular expansion rate. Conclusion: Our results show that progressive brain atrophy is associated with increased risk of future dementia in asymptomatic middle-aged subjects, two decades before dementia onset.
RR Lyrae Stars in the Field of Sagittarius II
Creators: name: Joo, Seok-Joo
name: Kyeong, Jaemann
name: Yang, Soung-Chul
name: Han, Sang-Il
name: Sung, Eon-Chang
name: Rey, Soo-Chang
name: Jerjen, Helmut
name: Kim, Hak-Sub
name: Kim, Dongwon
name: Jeong, Hyunjin
name: Ree, Chang H.
name: Cha, Sang-Mok
name: Lee, Yongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of RR Lyrae variable stars in the field of the Sagittarius II (Sgr II) ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxy. Using B, V time-series photometry obtained with the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) 1.6 m telescope at CTIO and G-band data from Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2), we identified and characterized two ab-type and four c-type RR Lyrae variables. Five out of the six stars are clustered within three half-light radii (~4.8') of the galaxy indicating their association with Sgr II, while the RRab star V4 is located ~22' from the galaxy center. By excluding V4, the high c-type fraction (0.8) and the period of the only RRab star V3 (P_V3 = 0.666 days) suggest an Oosterhoff II (Oo II) classification for Sgr II. Located close to the locus of Oo II clusters in the period-amplitude diagram, V3 is similar to RRab stars in other UFDs having Oosterhoff-intermediate and Oo II properties. Sgr II is, however, more compact than usual UFDs, placed in between star clusters and dwarf galaxies in the size-luminosity plane, and therefore spectroscopic studies are eventually required to ascertain the true nature of this stellar system. We derive the metallicity ([Fe/H]_RRab = -2.1 +- 0.3) and heliocentric distance (~64 +- 3 kpc) of Sgr II from the RR Lyrae stars, and estimate its age (~12 Gyr) based on our stellar population models. The Oosterhoff properties of UFDs can be explained with the evolution effect of RR Lyrae stars in the instability strip.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 6 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table
Third family hypercharge model for R K ∗ and aspects of the fermion mass problem
Creators: name: Allanach, B. C.
name: Davighi, Joe
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Beyond Standard Model
Quark Masses and SM Parameters
Heavy Quark Physics

description: Abstract: We present a model to explain LHCb’s recent measurements of RK and RK∗ based on an anomaly-free, spontaneously-broken U(1)F gauge symmetry, without any fermionic fields beyond those of the Standard Model (SM). The model explains the hierarchical heaviness of the third family and the smallness of quark mixing. The U(1)F charges of the third family of SM fields and the Higgs doublet are set equal to their respective hypercharges. A heavy Z′ particle with flavour-dependent couplings can modify the bL¯γρsLμL¯γρμL effective vertex in the desired way. The Z′ contribution to Bs−Bs¯ mixing is suppressed by a small mixing angle connected to Vts, making the constraint coming from its measurement easier to satisfy. The model can explain RK and RK* whilst simultaneously passing other constraints, including measurements of the lepton flavour universality of Z couplings.
Steriphus humeralis
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Steriphus
Steriphus humeralis

description: Steriphus humeralis (Lea, 1928)
 Desiantha humeralis Lea, 1928: 379 (type locality: Australia: New South Wales, Mulwaia; type material: H: BMNH).
 Steriphus humeralis; Zimmerman, 1994: 698.
 Distribution. Australia (Zimmerman, 1994).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Novel solutions of RG equations for alpha(s) and beta(alpha) in the large N_c limit
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General solution of RG equations in the framework of background perturbation theory is written down in the large N_c limit. A simplified (model) approximation to the general solution is suggested which allows to write beta(alpha) and alpha(beta) to any loop order. The resulting alpha_B(Q^2) coincides asymptotically at large $|Q^2|$ with standard (free) alpha_s, saturates at small Q^2 and has poles at time-like Q^2 in agreement with analytic properties of physical amplitudes in the large N_c limit.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, misprints corrected
First insight into the regime transition dynamics of mode-locked fibre lasers
Creators: name: Pu, Guoqing
name: Yi, Lilin
name: Zhang, Li
name: Feng, Yuanhua
name: Li, Zhaohui
name: Hu, Weisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mode-locked lasers exhibit complex nonlinear dynamics. Precise observation of these dynamics will aid in understanding of the underlying physics and provide new insights for laser design and applications. The starting dynamics, from initial noise fluctuations to the mode-locking regime, have previously been observed directly by time-stretched transform-based real-time spectroscopy. However, the regime transition dynamics, which are essential processes in mode-locked lasers, have not yet been resolved because regime transition process tracking is very challenging. Here we demonstrate the first insight into the regime transition dynamics enabled by our design of a real-time programmable mode-locked fibre laser, in which different operating regimes can be achieved and switched automatically. The regime transition dynamics among initial noise fluctuations, Q-switching, fundamental mode-locking and harmonic mode-locking regimes have been observed and thoroughly analysed by both temporal and spectral means. These findings will enrich our understanding of the complex dynamics inside mode-locked lasers.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Eucalyptus :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Eucalyptus

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
Black hole entropy and soft hair
Creators: name: Haco, Sasha
name: Hawking, Stephen W.
name: Perry, Malcolm J.
name: Strominger, Andrew
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Black Holes
Gauge-gravity correspondence
Space-Time Symmetries

description: Abstract: A set of infinitesimal Virasoro L ⊗ Virasoro R diffeomorphisms are presented which act non-trivially on the horizon of a generic Kerr black hole with spin J. The covariant phase space formalism provides a formula for the Virasoro charges as surface integrals on the horizon. Integrability and associativity of the charge algebra are shown to require the inclusion of ‘Wald-Zoupas’ counterterms. A counterterm satisfying the known consistency requirement is constructed and yields central charges cL = cR = 12J. Assuming the existence of a quantum Hilbert space on which these charges generate the symmetries, as well as the applicability of the Cardy formula, the central charges reproduce the macroscopic area-entropy law for generic Kerr black holes.
Cho decomposition, Abelian gauge fixing and monopoles in G(2) Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Dehghan, Zeinab
name: Deldar, Sedigheh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By extending the Cho decomposition method to G(2) gauge group, monopoles of this group are studied. Since SU(2) and SU(3) are subgroups of G(2), discussions are done mostly based on these subgroups of G(2). A direct relation between root vectors of G(2) and the associated magnetic charges is presented by group theoretical issues. In addition, G(2) monopoles are obtained by an Abelian gauge fixing method, and it is shown that the results agree with the ones we obtain by the Cho decomposition method.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Farm households’ choice of strategies in response to floods in the Builsa-North district, Ghana
Creators: name: Zulaiha Kassim
name: Hamdiyah Alhassan
name: Appiah-Adjei, Christina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The incidence of flooding has increased tremendously in the Northern parts of Ghana, with little knowledge known as to how affected people respond. The research focused on the factors that influence household choice of strategies in response to floods in the Builsa-North district. A multivariate probit model was employed to examine the drivers of household choice of strategies in response to flood. The descriptive analysis indicates that a total of eight (8) response strategies are used, with early planting being the most dominant, while migration was the least used. The results revealed that age, extension services, NADMO services etc are significant determinants of response strategies to floods. NADMO is a government agency responsible for the management of disasters and other emergencies in Ghana. It further on recorded complementary and substitutable response strategies. Using response strategies, farmers face challenges such as low access to extension services etc. It is recommended that avenues must be created to deepen access to extension services available to farmers in other to provide adequate and quality information that will help resolve conflicts in farmers' use of strategies. NADMO services must be targeted at the elderly persons since they view flood phenomenon as acts of their deity.
Eliciting Demand for Flood Insurance under Climate Change: A Choice Experiment Approach
Creators: name: Lyu, Ya-Pin
name: Chang, Ching-Cheng
name: Chen, Shu-Ling
name: Lyu, Ya-Pin
name: Chang, Ching-Cheng
name: Chen, Shu-Ling
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Private-Public-Participation
subject: Flood Insurance
subject: Choice Experiment
subject: Market Penetration
subject: Risk Perception

description: The purpose of this study is to unveil the nature of individual’s preference for PPP flood insurance alternatives under climate change using the choice experiment method and a case study in Tainan City in Taiwan. Our estimates shows that respondents who perceived increasingly higher risks in agriculture and fishery industry were less likely to buy flood insurance. Several reasons could account for their inactiveness in insurance purchase, including insufficient knowledge and financial capacity, over-reliance on government relief, and the lack of diverse insurance alternatives to meet local industrial needs. The simulated market penetration under different climate scenarios also reveals the market potentials do exist and will grow in the future while climate conditions get worse.
Combining sensory evaluation and mental models in the assessment of consumer preferences for and choice of healthy products: Experience from a field experiment in Kenya
Creators: name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Lagerkvist, Carl Johan
name: Muoki-Kingori, Penina
name: Heck, Simon
name: Prain, Gordon
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Lagerkvist, Carl Johan
name: Muoki-Kingori, Penina
name: Heck, Simon
name: Prain, Gordon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: Rural consumers
subject: Sensory evaluation
subject: JAR
subject: MEC analysis
subject: Mental models
subject: Biofortified foods
subject: Field experiment
subject: Kenya

description: This paper combines Just-About-Right (JAR) sensory evaluation and means-end chain (MEC) analysis to examine consumer evaluation of the sensory attributes of conventionally bred biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP). It specifically examined the role of information on biofortification process on consumers’ expected and actual sensory evaluation of OFSP attributes and the mental models associated with the decision to consume OFSP. It is based on data collected via a field experiment with 504 rural consumers. Each consumer was randomly placed into one of the 3 treatment groups and received: i) general information about biofortification (Control), ii) general and positive information (Treatment 1) and iii) general and negative information (Treatment 2). The study finds, among others, that information on vitamin A (i.e., nutrition), taste and texture were, overall, discriminated by the kind of information provided (i.e., treatment), with texture being considered to be at an inappropriately lower level. Nutrition attribute was, however, considered to be at a higher than appropriate level. The results of the MEC were in line with those of sensory evaluation, with mental constructs (and models) being strongly discriminated by treatment type. It concludes that information consumers receive affect the expected and actual sensory evaluation OFSP attributes and mental models of OFSP consumption. We highlight some implications of these findings.
Time-step dependent force interpolation scheme for suppressing numerical Cherenkov instability in relativistic particle-in-cell simulations
Creators: name: Lu, Yingchao
name: Kilian, Patrick
name: Guo, Fan
name: Li, Hui
name: Liang, Edison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The WT scheme, a piecewise polynomial force interpolation scheme with time-step dependency, is proposed in this paper for relativistic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The WT scheme removes the lowest order numerical Cherenkov instability (NCI) growth rate for arbitrary time steps allowed by the Courant condition. While NCI from higher order resonances is still present, the numerical tests show that for smaller time steps, the numerical instability grows much slower than using the optimal time step found in previous studies. The WT scheme is efficient for improving the quality and flexibility of relativistic PIC simulations.
description: 11 pages, single column, one figure
Selective Separation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by Phase Transfer of Coordination Cages.
Creators: name: Zhang, Dawei
name: Ronson, Tanya K
name: Lavendomme, Roy
name: Nitschke, Jonathan R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Here we report a new supramolecular strategy for the selective separation of specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from mixtures. The use of a triethylene glycol-functionalized formylpyridine subcomponent allowed the construction of an FeII4L4 tetrahedron 1 that was capable of transferring between water and nitromethane layers, driven by anion metathesis. Cage 1 selectively encapsulated coronene from among a mixture of eight different types of PAHs in nitromethane, bringing it into a new nitromethane phase by transiting through an intermediate water phase. The bound coronene was released from 1 upon addition of benzene, and both the cage and the purified coronene could be separated via further phase separation.
Wind Accretion and Binary Evolution of the Microquasar LS 5039
Creators: name: McSwain, M. V.
name: Gies, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is much evidence to suggest that stellar wind capture, rather than Roche lobe overflow, serves as the accretion mechanism onto the compact secondary object in the massive X-ray binary LS 5039. The lack of significant emission combined with only a modest X-ray flux provide observational evidence that no large-scale mass transfer is occurring (consistent with our estimate of the radius of the O6.5 V((f)) optical star that is smaller than its critical Roche radius). Here we determine the mass loss rate of the optical star from the broad, residual emission in the H-alpha profile. Using a stellar wind accretion model for a range in assumed primary mass, we compute the predicted X-ray luminosity for the system. We compare our results to the observed X-ray luminosity to determine the mass of the compact object for each case. The companion appears to be a neutron star with a mass between 1 and 3 solar masses. With our new constraints on the masses of both components, we discuss their implications on the evolution of the system before and after the supernova event that created the compact companion. The binary experienced significant mass loss during the supernova, and we find that the predictions for the resulting runaway velocity agree well with the observed peculiar space velocity. LS 5039 may be the fastest runaway object among known massive X-ray binaries.
description: submitted to ApJL
Coinfections by noninteracting pathogens are not independent and require new tests of interaction.
Creators: name: Hamelin, Frédéric M
name: Allen, Linda J S
name: Bokil, Vrushali A
name: Gross, Louis J
name: Hilker, Frank M
name: Jeger, Michael J
name: Manore, Carrie A
name: Power, Alison G
name: Rúa, Megan A
name: Cunniffe, Nik J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: If pathogen species, strains, or clones do not interact, intuition suggests the proportion of coinfected hosts should be the product of the individual prevalences. Independence consequently underpins the wide range of methods for detecting pathogen interactions from cross-sectional survey data. However, the very simplest of epidemiological models challenge the underlying assumption of statistical independence. Even if pathogens do not interact, death of coinfected hosts causes net prevalences of individual pathogens to decrease simultaneously. The induced positive correlation between prevalences means the proportion of coinfected hosts is expected to be higher than multiplication would suggest. By modelling the dynamics of multiple noninteracting pathogens causing chronic infections, we develop a pair of novel tests of interaction that properly account for nonindependence between pathogens causing lifelong infection. Our tests allow us to reinterpret data from previous studies including pathogens of humans, plants, and animals. Our work demonstrates how methods to identify interactions between pathogens can be updated using simple epidemic models.
Penrose limit and string quantization in AdS_3 \times S^3
Creators: name: Parnachev, Andrei
name: Sahakyan, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider corrections to the Penrose limit of AdS_3 \times S^3 with NS-NS flux which are due to the terms next to leading order in inverse radius expansion. The worldsheet theory of a lightcone string is interacting due to the presence of quartic terms in the action. Perturbative corrections to the spectrum are shown to agree with the results from the exact quantization in AdS_3 \times S^3.
description: 18 pages v2: typos fixed, reference added, to appear in JHEP
A first survey of spinning eccentric black hole mergers: Numerical relativity simulations, hybrid waveforms, and parameter estimation
Creators: name: Ramos-Buades, Antoni
name: Husa, Sascha
name: Pratten, Geraint
name: Estellés, Héctor
name: García-Quirós, Cecilio
name: Mateu-Lucena, Maite
name: Colleoni, Marta
name: Jaume, Rafel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a new numerical relativity dataset of spinning but nonprecessing binary black holes on eccentric orbits, with eccentricities from approximately $0.1$ to $0.5$, with dimensionless spins up to $0.75$ included at mass ratios $q=m_1/m_2 = (1, 2)$, and further nonspinning binaries at mass ratios $q = (1.5, 3, 4)$. A comparison of the final mass and spin of these simulations with noneccentric data extends previous results in the literature on circularization of eccentric binaries to the spinning case. For the $(l,m)=(2,2)$ spin-weighted spherical harmonic mode we construct eccentric hybrid waveforms that connect the numerical relativity data to a post-Newtonian description for the inspiral, and we discuss the limitations in the current knowledge about post-Newtonian theory which complicate the generation of eccentric hybrid waveforms. We also perform a Bayesian parameter estimation study, quantifying the parameter biases introduced when using three different quasicircular waveform models to estimate the parameters of highly eccentric binary systems. We find that the used aligned-spin quasicircular model including higher order modes produces lower bias in certain parameters than the nonprecessing quasicircular model without higher order modes and the quasicircular precessing model.
description: Matching published version
Results of the North Dakota Land Valuation Model for the 2016 Agricultural Real Estate Assessment
Creators: name: Aakre, Dwight G.
name: Haugen, Ronald
name: Aakre, Dwight G.
name: Haugen, Ronald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land valuation
subject: real estate assessment
subject: agricultural land

description: This report summarizes the 2016 results of the North Dakota Land Valuation Model. The model is used annually to estimate average land values by county, based on the value of production from cropland and non-cropland. The county land values developed from this procedure form the basis for the 2016 valuation of agricultural land for real estate tax assessment. The average value for all agricultural land in a county from this analysis is multiplied by the total acres of agricultural land on the county abstract to determine each county’s total agricultural land value for taxation purposes. The State Board of Equalization compares this value with the total value assessed to agricultural property in each county. The average value per acre of all agricultural land in North Dakota increased by 2.83 percent from 2015 to 2016 based on the value of production. Cropland value increased 3.14 percent, and non-cropland value increased by 2.55 percent. The formula capitalization rate was 4.82 percent. The increase in the values for cropland and all agricultural land was primarily due to increased value of crop production. The value of production for most counties has been considerably higher since 2007 than for prior years. This increase in value of production is a combination of increased yields, higher prices and a change in cropping mix. The capitalization rate change increased land valuations by 2.69 percent in all counties; while the cost of production index decreased land values in all counties by 5.53 percent. The value of production increased cropland valuation between 3.55 percent up to 13.42 percent across individual counties. Non-cropland values increased by 2.55 percent, all due to an increase in the price received for calves and cull cows. Changes in market value are included for comparison. Market value data are from the annual County Rents and Values survey conducted by North Dakota Agricultural Statistics Service.
Specific treatment and outcome of urethrorectal fistula associated with type 1 atresia ani in a juvenile male dog
Creators: name: Franklin, Phil Henry
name: Cronin, Anna Maria
name: Ladlow, Jane
name: Owen, Laura
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Companion or pet animals
2072
2100
2086
2051
2062
1967
urethrorectal fistula
type 1 atresia ani
urogenital surgery

description: A four-month-old, entire male, German wirehaired pointer presented with tenesmus due to type I atresia ani and with urination observed through this stenosed anal opening. A positive contrast retrograde urethrogram demonstrated a urethrorectal fistula and stricture of the penile urethra. Urine culture revealed heavy mixed bacterial growth, which was treated with appropriate antibiotics. Surgical correction of the congenital urethrorectal fistula was performed via a perineal approach with a 3.5 French catheter placed retrograde into the fistula to facilitate its dissection. The anal stenosis was addressed by surgical anoplasty and the urethral stricture via a scrotal urethrostomy. The dog recovered well with the owner reporting complete resolution of the clinical signs and urination via the urethrostomy site at six months postoperatively. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of congenital urethrorectal fistula associated with type 1 atresia ani in a male dog.
Steriphus irrasus
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Steriphus
Steriphus irrasus

description: Steriphus irrasus (Lea, 1899)
 Desiantha irrasa Lea, 1899: 14 (type locality: Australia: New South Wales, Forest Reefs; type material: H: BMNH).
 Steriphus irrasus; Zimmerman, 1994: 698.
 Distribution. Australia (Zimmerman, 1994).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
How Do Premium Subsidies Affect Crop Insurance Demand at Different Coverage Levels: the Case of Corn
Creators: name: Yi, Jing
name: Richardson, James
name: Bryant, Henry
name: Yi, Jing
name: Richardson, James
name: Bryant, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: demand
subject: premium subsidies

description: This paper uses regional county level data to explore the impacts of crop insurance premium subsidies on the demand for corn crop insurance at each coverage level. Although the demand for corn insurance is price-inelastic, the elasticities of demand with respect to per dollar net premium vary significantly among coverage levels, insurance plans, and regions. The elasticities of demand for corn yield insurance (APH) with respect to per dollar net premium are − 0 .230, −0 .158, and −0 .259 at the 80% coverage level in the Corn Belt, Lake States, and Northern Plains, respectively. The corresponding elasticity at the 75% coverage level in the Southern Plains is −0 .654. The elasticities of demand for corn revenue insurance (CRC) with respect to per dollar net premium are −0 .200, −0 .208 at the 80% coverage level in the Corn Belt and Lake States, respectively, and it is −0 .670 at the 75% coverage level in the Southern Plains. The results show that elasticities of demand for corn insurance tend to be larger in riskier regions at relatively higher coverage levels. This study also estimates the possible changes in producers’ crop insurance purchases if federal crop insurance premium subsidies are reduced by 10 percentage points. The expected change in producers’ purchases of corn revenue insurance at the 75% coverage level in the Southern Plains ( −12 .182%) would be three times greater than it is at the 80% coverage level in the Corn Belt ( −4 .167%) with a 10 percentage point decrease in premium subsidy rates.
Techniques and skills of indigenous weather and seasonal climate forecast in Northern Ghana
Creators: name: Nyadzi, Emmanuel
name: Werners, Saskia E.
name: Biesbroek, Robbert
name: Fulco Ludwig
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: There are strong calls to integrate scientific and indigenous forecasts to help farmers adapt to climate variability and change. Some studies used qualitative approaches to investigate indigenous people's techniques for forecasting weather and seasonal climate. In this study, we demonstrate how to quantitatively collect indigenous forecast and connect this to scientific forecasts. We identified and characterized the main indigenous ecological indicators (IEIs) local farmers in Northern Ghana use for forecasting. Mental model was constructed to establish the relationship between IEIs and their forecasts. Local farmers were trained to send their rainfall forecast with mobile apps and record observed rainfall with rain gauges. Results show that farmers forecast techniques are based on established cognitive relationship between IEIs and forecast events. Skill assessment shows that on the average both farmers and Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet) were able to accurately forecast one out of every three daily rainfall events. Performance at the seasonal scale showed that unlike farmers, GMet was unable to predict rainfall cessation in all communities. We conclude that it is possible to determine the techniques and skills of indigenous forecasts in quantitative terms and that indigenous forecasts are not just intuitive but a skill developed over time and with practice.
U.S. Agricultural Export Competitiveness and Export Market Diversification
Creators: name: Jha, Jaya
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Jha, Jaya
name: Roe, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: U.S. agricultural exports
subject: foreign income
subject: exchange rates
subject: cointegrating VAR
subject: bounds test
subject: income and price elasticities
subject: export demand
subject: structural impulse response functions

description: This paper examines the structural relationship between U.S. agricultural exports, foreign GDP growth, and real exchange rate volatility, and the impact of exogenous shocks on the evolution of export growth to examine the sector's international competitiveness and opportunities for export extensification. The long- and short-run dynamics of export demand are analyzed within the structural cointegrating vectorautoregressive framework. Principal findings are that: 1. Exports of high-value processed agricultural products are more sensitive to changes in foreign income and exchange rate fluctuations than exports of low-value grains and bulk commodities. Specifically, a 10% growth in trade-adjusted GDP across all importing countries leads to a 7.8% increase in U.S. exports of bulk commodities compared to 33% increase in exports of high-value processed commodities. Similarly, a 10% increase in the value of the trade-weighted exchange rate (i.e., an appreciation of the U.S. dollar) reduces bulk exports by 8.4% compared to a whopping 35% decline in high-value processed food exports; 2. In response to exogenous shocks, deviations from the predicted equilibrium level of exports are corrected at a much faster rate for grains and other bulk commodity exports than export of high value commodities. For example, more than 75% of the disequilibrium in aggregate bulk commodity exports is corrected within one year; less than 15% of the disequilibrium in high-value processed exports is corrected within a year. 3. The present concentration of U.S. agricultural commodity exports to a few developed countries is increasingly problematic, U.S. agricultural exports may benefit not only from policies intended to increase trade with existing developing country importers but also from policies that aim to export agricultural commodities to emerging markets. Our paper also highlights the importance of including the long-run relationship when modeling the short-run dynamics.
Quenched, Minisuperspace, Bosonic p-brane Propagator
Creators: name: Ansoldi, S.
name: Aurilia, A.
name: Castro, C.
name: Spallucci, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We borrow the minisuperspace approximation from Quantum Cosmology and the quenching approximation from QCD in order to derive a new form of the bosonic p-brane propagator. In this new approximation we obtain an exact description of both the collective mode deformation of the brane and the center of mass dynamics in the target spacetime. The collective mode dynamics is a generalization of string dynamics in terms of area variables. The final result is that the evolution of a p-brane in the quenched-minisuperspace approximation is formally equivalent to the effective motion of a particle in a spacetime where points as well as hypersurfaces are considered on the same footing as fundamental geometrical objects. This geometric equivalence leads us to define a new tension-shell condition that is a direct extension of the Klein-Gordon condition for material particles to the case of a physical p-brane.
description: ReVTeX, 23pages, no figures; accepted for publication on Phys.Rev.D
Evidence for Gross Domestic Product growth time delay dependence over Foreign Direct Investment. A time-lag dependent correlation study
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
name: Eskandary, Ali
name: Kaur, Parmjit
name: Dhesi, Gurjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper considers an often forgotten relationship, the time delay between a cause and its effect in economies and finance. We treat the case of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth, - measured through a country Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The pertinent data refers to 43 countries, over 1970-2015, - for a total of 4278 observations. When countries are grouped according to the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), it is found that a time lag dependence effect exists in FDI-GDP correlations. This is established through a time-dependent Pearson 's product-moment correlation coefficient matrix. Moreover, such a Pearson correlation coefficient is observed to evolve from positive to negative values depending on the IHDI, from low to high. It is "politically and policy "relevant" that the correlation is statistically significant providing the time lag is less than 3 years. A "rank-size" law is demonstrated. It is recommended to reconsider such a time lag effect when discussing previous analyses whence conclusions on international business, and thereafter on forecasting.
description: 76 references, 5 tables,2 figures, 22 pages,prepared for Physica A
Steriphus major
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Steriphus
Steriphus major

description: Steriphus major (Blackburn, 1890)
 Desiantha major Blackburn, 1890: 321 (type locality: Australia: South Australia, near Adelaide; type material: H: BMNH).
 Desiantha ferruginea Lea, 1928: 376 (type locality: Australia; Western Australia, Cue; type material: H: BMNH); Zimmerman, 1994: 698 (= S. major).
 Steriphus major; Zimmerman, 1994: 698.
 Distribution. Australia (Zimmerman, 1994).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Isometries of quantum states
Creators: name: Molnar, Lajos
name: Timmermann, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper treats the isometries of metric spaces of quantum states. We consider two metrics on the set all quantum states, namely the Bures metric and the one which comes from the trace-norm. We describe all the corresponding (nonlinear) isometries and also present similar results concerning the space of all (non-normalized) density operators.
description: 9 pages. To appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
Synthesizing Structured CAD Models with Equality Saturation and Inverse Transformations
Creators: name: Nandi, Chandrakana
name: Willsey, Max
name: Anderson, Adam
name: Wilcox, James R.
name: Darulova, Eva
name: Grossman, Dan
name: Tatlock, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent program synthesis techniques help users customize CAD models(e.g., for 3D printing) by decompiling low-level triangle meshes to Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) expressions. Without loops or functions, editing CSG can require many coordinated changes, and existing mesh decompilers use heuristics that can obfuscate high-level structure. This paper proposes a second decompilation stage to robustly "shrink" unstructured CSG expressions into more editable programs with map and fold operators. We present Szalinski, a tool that uses Equality Saturation with semantics-preserving CAD rewrites to efficiently search for smaller equivalent programs. Szalinski relies on inverse transformations, a novel way for solvers to speculatively add equivalences to an E-graph. We qualitatively evaluate Szalinski in case studies, show how it composes with an existing mesh decompiler, and demonstrate that Szalinski can shrink large models in seconds.
description: 14 pages
Faraday Rotation Measures in the Parsec-Scale Jets of the Radio Galaxies M87, 3C 111, and 3C 120
Creators: name: Zavala, R. T.
name: Taylor, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parsec-scale Faraday rotation measure (RM) maps are presented for the radio galaxies M87, 3C 111, and 3C 120. These Very Long Baseline Array observations were made at 8, 12, and 15 GHz. M87 has an extreme RM distribution that varies from -4000 radians m^-2 to more than 9000 radians m^-2 across a projected distance of 0.3 pc in its jet. M87 has no polarized flux closer than 17 mas from the core. 3C 111 and 3C 120 both show polarized emission in their cores that is consistent with the expectations of unified schemes for these broad-line radio galaxies. 3C 111 has an RM gradient that increases from -200 radians m^-2 four mas from the core to -750 radians m^-2 on the side of the jet closest to the core. 3C 120 has a more moderate RM distribution in the jet of approximately 100 radians m^-2, but this increases by an order of magnitude in the core.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters. 8 pages, 5 figures (4 color)
Two-Stage Estimation to Control for Unobservables in a Recreation Demand Model with Unvisited Sites
Creators: name: Melstrom, Richard T.
name: Jayasekera, Deshamithra H.W.
name: Melstrom, Richard T.
name: Jayasekera, Deshamithra H.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Random utility model
subject: non-market valuation
subject: recreational fishing

description: The role of unobserved site attributes is a growing concern in recreation demand modeling. One solution in random utility models (RUM) involves separating estimation into two stages, where the RUM model is estimated with alternative-specific constants (ASCs) in the first stage, and the estimated ASCs are regressed on the observed site attributes in the second stage. Prior work estimates the second stage with OLS and 2SLS regression. We present an application with censored regression in the second stage. We show OLS produces inconsistent parameters when there are unvisited sites with no estimable ASCs and that censored regression avoids this problem.
Differentiating biological and chemical factors of top and deep soil carbon sequestration in semi-arid tropical Inceptisol: an outcome of structural equation modeling
Creators: name: Ghosh, Avijit
name: Singh, Amit K.
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: M. C. Manna
name: Bhattacharyya, Ranjan
name: Agnihortri, Rajesh
name: Gahlaud, Sanjay K. Singh
name: Manjanagouda S. Sannagoudar
name: Gautam, Kamini
name: R. V. Kumar
name: Chaudhari, Suresh K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Though soils sequester large amounts of carbon (C), variations in physical and chemical characteristics of top and deep layers necessitate the study of factors governing topsoil and deep soil C sequestration to predict land-use changes to alleviate climate change. Land-use systems involving pasture, trees, trees pasture and fallow were considered. The upper soil (0–15 cm) had ∼12, 34 and 59% higher microbial biomass C than the 15–30, 30–45 and 45–60 cm layers, respectively. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and dehydrogenase activities had similar trends. Across the land uses, topsoil layers had ∼17% lower silt + clay (s + c) content than deep layers. Amorphous iron content significantly increased with soil depth. In the top two soil layers, s + c accounted for ∼19–30% of total soil organic carbon (SOC); in the next two layers s + c could store >30% of total SOC. Stepwise regression analysis revealed FDA to be the most significant biological driver for SOC sequestration. Structural equation modeling showed that biological factors controlled C sequestration in topsoil layers, while s + c and amorphous iron were the major factors of C sequestration in deep layers. Current land uses are largely deficient of SOC and have the potential to store an additional22 Mg CO2e per ha.