cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wave dynamics of phantom scalar perturbation in the background of Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Chen, Songbai
name: Jing, Jiliang
name: Pan, Qiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Leaver's continue fraction and time domain method, we investigate the wave dynamics of phantom scalar perturbation in the background of Schwarzschild black hole. We find that the presence of the negative kinetic energy terms modifies the standard results in quasinormal spectrums and late-time behaviors of the scalar perturbations. The phantom scalar perturbation in the late-time evolution will grow with an exponential rate.
description: 11pages, 7 figures, references added, accepted by Phys. Lett. B
Integrative complexity of English literary figures as a function of environmental factors
Creators: name: Borrie, Carol A. Porter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The integrative complexity of various literary figures was examined as a function of certain personal and social stressors operating across their own life spans. Previous research concerned with the complexity of information processing as a response to the changing demands of the environment has focused on the strategies employed by individuals in political and/or decision-making contexts. The current study was designed specifically to investigate the information processing complexity of individuals who are unencumbered by the responsibilities associated with high-level decision making. The lives and personal correspondence of five eminent English novelists of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries were analyzed. It was hypothesized that the following factors should influence integrative complexity: stressful life events, changes in health, war intensity, and civil unrest. Each individual's life was divided into consecutive five-year time periods, and for each period personal correspondence was scored for integrative complexity. Using multiple regression analysis, the following results emerged: information processing complexity is positively related to age; illness and war intensity are both negatively related to complexity; and there is a positive correlation between civil unrest and complexity. In interpreting the relationship between complexity and both war intensity and civil unrest, it was suggested that the information flow in the environment is an influential factor in determining the ways in which individuals respond to these situations. In addition, a variable called terminal years was initially introduced into the analysis to control for possible biases resulting from the five-year analytical framework employed. It was subsequently determined that this variable served a function other than that which was originally intended. It emerged as a significant predictor of integrative complexity, the relationship indicating that complexity of information processing decreased shortly prior to death. ' This result was explained with reference to life-span developmental research that has shown marked performance decrements that appear to occur in close proximity to the death of those individuals studied. The current research has supported the general hypothesis that information processing complexity is affected by changing aspects of one's environment. The findings suggest not only that factors such as stress and information input affect cognitive processes, but that physiological factors such as ill-health also appear to be related to integrative complexity. It was advised that the results of this work should be interpreted with a certain degree of caution, particularly in light of the small sample investigated. This research however points to a number of interesting directions of inquiry that future studies in the area of complexity might pursue.
The bi-modal $^7$Li distribution of the Milky Way's thin-disk dwarf stars: The role of Galactic-scale events and stellar evolution
Creators: name: Roca-Fàbrega, Santi
name: de Andrés, Félix Llorente
name: Chavero, Carolina
name: Cifuentes, Carlos
name: de la Reza, Ramiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lithium abundance, A(Li), in stellar atmospheres suffers from various enhancement and depletion processes during the star's lifetime. While several studies have demonstrated that these processes are linked to the physics of stellar formation and evolution, the role that Galactic-scale events play in the galactic A(Li) evolution is not yet well understood. We aim to demonstrate that the observed A(Li) bi-modal distribution, in particular in the FGK-dwarf population, is not a statistical artefact and that the two populations connect through a region with a low number of stars. We also want to investigate the role that Galactic-scale events play in shaping the A(Li) distribution of stars in the thin disk. We use statistical techniques along with a Galactic chemical evolution model for A(Li) that includes most of the well-known $^7$Li production and depletion channels. We confirm that the FGK main-sequence stars belonging to the Milky Way's thin disk present a bi-modal A(Li) distribution. We demonstrate that this bi-modality can be generated by a particular Milky Way star formation history profile combined with the stellar evolution's $^7$Li depletion mechanisms. We show that A(Li) evolution can be used as an additional proxy for the star formation history of our Galaxy.
description: Accepted, A&A, 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 Appendix
Measurement of unpolarized semi-inclusive pi+ electroproduction off the proton
Creators: name: CLAS Collaboration
name: Osipenko, M.
name: Ripani, M.
name: Ricco, G.
name: Avakian, H.
name: De Vita, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-inclusive pi+ electroproduction on protons has been measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The measurement was performed on a liquid-hydrogen target using a 5.75 GeV electron beam. The complete five-fold differential cross sections were measured over a wide kinematic range including the complete range of azimuthal angles between hadronic and leptonic planes, phi, enabling us to separate the phi-dependent terms. Our measurements of phi-independent term of the cross section at low Bjorken x were found to be in fairly good agreement with pQCD calculations. Indeed, the conventional current fragmentation calculation can account for almost all of the observed cross section, even at small pi+ momentum. The measured center-of-momentum spectra are in qualitative agreement with high energy data, which suggests a surprising numerical similarity between the spectator diquark fragmentation in the present reaction and the anti-quark fragmentation measured in e+e- collisions. We have observed that the two phi-dependent terms of the cross section are small. Within our precision the cos(2phi) term is compatible with zero, except for low-z region, and the measured cos(phi) term is much smaller in magnitude than the sum of the Cahn and Berger effects.
description: 42 pages, 30 figures
The Spectrum of Boundary States in Symmetric Orbifolds
Creators: name: Belin, Alexandre
name: Biswas, Shovon
name: Sully, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an explicit construction of the complete set of Cardy boundary states that respect the extended chiral algebra for symmetric product orbifolds. The states are labelled by a choice of seed theory boundary states as well as a choice of representations of the symmetric group. At large $N$, we analyze the BCFT data which is relevant for holography, namely the boundary entropy and the one-point functions of single-trace operators. In some cases, typical boundary states are compatible with a bulk description in terms of an End-of-the-World brane along with backreacted matter fields. We discuss the significance of these results for the AdS/BCFT correspondence.
description: 35 pages
Electron-phonon and phonon-phonon anharmonic interactions in 2H-MoX2 (X=S, Te): A comprehensive Resonant Raman study
Creators: name: Paul, Suvodeep
name: Karak, Saheb
name: Mathew, Annie
name: Ram, Ankita
name: Saha, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are layered materials which show excellent potential for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. However, as many of the exciting features of these materials are controlled by the anharmonic effects, a proper understanding of the phonon properties and anharmonicity associated with these materials is essential for the proposed applications to be realized. We present here a comprehensive study on the phonon properties of two different TMDs; viz., MoS2 and MoTe2, as a function of temperature, laser excitations, and polarization, as well as flake-thickness. Our study includes the measurement of anharmonicity in the first-order and higher order Raman scattering processes. The variations in anharmonicity with the thickness of MoS2 and MoTe2 have been explained in terms of their phonon symmetries, electron-phonon coupling, and phonon-phonon interactions. Further, the effect of the underlying substrate on the anharmonic properties of the in-plane and out-of-plane phonons has also been estimated from the Raman measurements, thus elucidating the intrinsic phonon properties of the 2D layered materials.
description: 58 pages (including Supplemental material)
Assisted tunneling of a wave packet between square barriers
Creators: name: Kalbermann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assisted tunneling of a wave packet between square one dimensional barriers is treated analytically. The tunneling rate is calculated exactly for a potential mimicking a constant electric field with arbitrary time dependence. The pole spectrum of the barriers determines the decay time. The tunneling probability is enhanced by the perturbation. The results are exemplified for a simplified model of nuclear $\ds α$ decay.
description: Physical Review C. In press
Digital Sovereignty
Creators: name: Vignoli, Italo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: digital sovereignty
open standards
free and open-source software
FOSS
digital technologies
open-source hardware
subservience
surveillance capitalism
document vulnerability
FSFE
Free Software Foundation Europe
interoperability
open document format

description: Presentation for the PSSOH 2021 plenary lecture on Digital Sovereignty. The lecture was recorded and the video of presentation held by Italo Vignoli together with the Q&A session is available at https://youtu.be/ovZYXxI5Fx8.
Ultratransparent glass-ceramics: the structure factor and the quenching of the Rayleigh scattering
Creators: name: Mattarelli, M.
name: Montagna, M.
name: Verrocchio, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glass-ceramics with nanocrystals present a transparency higher than that expected from the theory of Rayleigh scattering. This ultra-transparency is attributed to the spatial correlation of the nanoparticles. The structure factor is calculated for a simple model system, the random sequential addition of equal spheres, at different volume filling factor. The spatial correlation given by the constraint that particles cannot superimpose produces a diffraction peak with a low $S(q)$ in its low-$q$ tail, which is relevant for light scattering. The physical mechanism producing high transparency in glass-ceramics is demonstrated to be the low density fluctuation in the number of scatterers.
description: 9 pages, 2 fig
Virtualization of the Behringer Kobol Synthesizer VCO
Creators: name: Malpica Gómez, Valentín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: RSF Kobol
Plugin development
VCO virtualization

description: This thesis focuses on the digital modeling of the Behringer Kobol Expander VCO (adigital analog replica of the RSF Kobol Expander I, developed by the brothers Ruben and Serge Fernandez in 1979). Due to its innovative feature for the time, which allowed the continuous change from one waveform to another (wave morphing), and its characteristic VCO sound, this was one of the reasons why it was proposed to work in this field. This project was developed using C++, with the help of the well-known JUCE framework. The results of an objective evaluation show that the comparison between the Behringer Kobol Expander and the digital instrument has been positive. The original essence of the continuous oscillator has been preserved. And although the behavior is not identical to the original, it can be said that it behaves in the same way as the original  Behringer Kobol
General Gauge-Yukawa-Quartic $β$-Functions at 4-3-2--Loop Order
Creators: name: Davies, Joshua
name: Herren, Florian
name: Thomsen, Anders Eller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the full set of coefficients for the completely general 4-loop gauge and 3-loop Yukawa $ β$-functions for the most general renormalizable four-dimensional theories. Using a complete parametrization of the $ β$-functions, we compare the general form to the specific $ β$-functions of known theories to constrain the unknown coefficients. The Weyl consistency conditions provide additional constraints, completing the determination.
description: 27 pages, 519 tensor structures and coefficients
A complete solution to Blackwell's unique ergodicity problem for hidden Markov chains
Creators: name: Chigansky, Pavel
name: van Handel, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop necessary and sufficient conditions for uniqueness of the invariant measure of the filtering process associated to an ergodic hidden Markov model in a finite or countable state space. These results provide a complete solution to a problem posed by Blackwell (1957), and subsume earlier partial results due to Kaijser, Kochman and Reeds. The proofs of our main results are based on the stability theory of nonlinear filters.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AAP688 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Angles in the SI: a detailed proposal for solving the problem
Creators: name: Quincey, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent Letter proposed changing the dimensionless status of the radian and steradian within the SI, while allowing the continued use of the convention to set the angle 1 radian equal to the number 1 within equations, providing this is done explicitly. This would bring the advantages of a physics-based, consistent, and logically-robust unit system, with unambiguous units for all physical quantities, for the first time, while any upheaval to familiar equations and routine practice would be minimised. More details of this proposal are given here. The only notable changes for typical end-users would be: improved units for the quantities torque, angular momentum and moment of inertia; a statement of the convention accompanying some familiar equations; and the use of different symbols for h-bar the action and h-bar the angular momentum, a small step forward for quantum physics. Some features of the proposal are already established practice for quantities involving the steradian such as radiant intensity and radiance.
description: Accepted for publication by Metrologia
The Long Period of 3He-rich Solar Energetic Particles Measured by Solar Orbiter on 2020 November 17-23
Creators: name: Bucik, R.
name: Mason, G. M.
name: Gomez-Herrero, R.
name: Lario, D.
name: Balmaceda, L.
name: Nitta, N. V.
name: Krupar, V.
name: Dresing, N.
name: Ho, G. C.
name: Allen, R. C.
name: Carcaboso, F.
name: Rodriguez-Pacheco, J.
name: Schuller, F.
name: Warmuth, A.
name: Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F.
name: von Forstner, J. L. Freiherr
name: Andrews, G. B.
name: Berger, L.
name: Cernuda, I.
name: Lara, F. Espinosa
name: Lees, W. J.
name: Martin, C.
name: Pacheco, D.
name: Prieto, M.
name: Sanchez-Prieto, S.
name: Schlemm, C. E.
name: Seifert, H.
name: Tyagi, K.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Vecchio, A.
name: Kollhoff, A.
name: Kuhl, P.
name: Xu, Z. G.
name: Eldrum, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of a relatively long period of 3He-rich solar energetic particles (SEPs) measured by Solar Orbiter. The period consists of several well-resolved ion injections. The high-resolution STEREO-A imaging observations reveal that the injections coincide with EUV jets/brightenings near the east limb, not far from the nominal magnetic connection of Solar Orbiter. The jets originated in two adjacent, large, and complex active regions as observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory when the regions rotated to the Earth's view. It appears that the sustained ion injections were related to the complex configuration of the sunspot group and the long period of 3He-rich SEPs to the longitudinal extent covered by the group during the analyzed time period.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, Letters to the Editor
Coronal Alfven speeds in an isothermal atmosphere I. Global properties
Creators: name: Regnier, S.
name: Priest, E. R.
name: Hood, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimating Alfven speeds is of interest in modelling the solar corona, studying the coronal heating problem and understanding the initiation and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We assume here that the corona is in a magnetohydrostatic equilibrium and that, because of the low plasma beta, one may decouple the magnetic forces from pressure and gravity. The magnetic field is then described by a force-free field for which we perform a statistical study of the magnetic field strength with height for four different active regions. The plasma along each field line is assumed to be in a hydrostatic equilibrium. As a first approximation, the coronal plasma is assumed to be isothermal with a constant or varying gravity with height. We study a bipolar magnetic field with a ring distribution of currents, and apply this method to four active regions associated with different eruptive events. By studying the global properties of the magnetic field strength above active regions, we conclude that (i) most of the magnetic flux is localized within 50 Mm of the photosphere, (ii) most of the energy is stored in the corona below 150 Mm, (iii) most of the magnetic field strength decays with height for a nonlinear force-free field slower than for a potential field. The Alfven speed values in an isothermal atmosphere can vary by two orders of magnitude (up to 100000 km/s). The global properties of the Alfven speed are sensitive to the nature of the magnetic configuration. For an active region with highly twisted flux tubes, the Alfven speed is significantly increased at the typical height of the twisted flux bundles; in flaring regions, the average Alfven speeds are above 5000 km/s and depart strongly from potential field values.
description: to be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Whispering-gallery modes and light emission from a Si-nanocrystal-based single microdisk resonator
Creators: name: Ghulinyan, Mher
name: Navarro-Urrios, Daniel
name: Pitanti, Alessandro
name: Lui, Alberto
name: Pucker, Georg
name: Pavesi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on visible light emission from Si-nanocrystal based optically active microdisk resonators. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) from single microdisks shows the characteristic modal structure of whispering-gallery modes. The emission is both TE and TM-polarized in 300 nm thick microdisks, while thinner ones (135 nm) support only TE-like modes. Thinner disks have the advantage to filter out higher order radial mode families, allowing for measuring only the most intense first order modal structure. We reveal subnanometer linewidths and corresponding quality factors as high as 2800, limited by the spectral resolution of the experimental setup. Moreover,we observe a modification of mode linewidth by a factor 13 as a function of pump power. The origin of this effect is attributed to an excited carrier absorption loss mechanism.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The statistical properties of protostellar discs and their dependence on metallicity
Creators: name: Elsender, Daniel
name: Bate, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the properties of large samples of protostellar discs formed in four radiation hydrodynamical simulations of star cluster formation. The four calculations have metallicities of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 3 times solar metallicity. The calculations treat dust and gas temperatures separately and include a thermochemical model of the diffuse interstellar medium. We find the radii of discs of bound protostellar systems tend to decrease with decreasing metallicity, with the median characteristic radius of discs in the 0.01 and 3 times solar metallicity calculations being $\approx20$ and $\approx65$ au, respectively. Disc masses and radii of isolated protostars also tend to decrease with decreasing metallicity. We find that the circumstellar discs and orbits of bound protostellar pairs, and the two spins of the two protostars are all less well aligned with each other with lower metallicity than with higher metallicity. These variations with metallicity are due to increased small scale fragmentation due to lower opacities and greater cooling rates with lower metallicity, which increase the stellar multiplicity and increase dynamical interactions. We compare the disc masses and radii of protostellar systems from the solar metallicity calculation with recent surveys of discs around Class 0 and I objects in the Orion and Perseus star-forming regions. The masses and radii of the simulated discs have similar distributions to the observed Class 0 and I discs.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Styrylpyrone, isolated from an Amazon plant, induces cell cycle arrest and autophagy in Leishmania amazonensis
Creators: name: de Souza, Fernandes Nilma
name: Desoti, Vânia Cristina
name: Dias, Alcilene
name: da Silva, Yasmin Cunha
name: de Azevedo dos Santos, Ana Paula
name: Passarini, Guilherme Matos
name: Nakamura, Celso Vataru
name: da Veiga Junior, Valdir Florêncio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The search for bioactive compounds against diseases is imperative and the richness of the Amazon provides a large source to be explored. Current therapies for the treatment of parasitic infections have severe side effects and low efficacy, which makes the development of an effective chemotherapy extremely important. In this study, we describe the isolation of styrylpyrone 4-methoxy-6-(11,12-methylenedioxy-trans-styryl)-2-pyrone (SP), from the Amazonian tree species, Aniba panurensis, the in vitro activity against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, and its in silico pharmacokinetics properties. The results showed morphological and ultrastructural alterations, cell cycle impairment, increased reactive oxygen species production, accumulation of lipid bodies and formation of autophagic vacuoles in SP-treated parasites. In silico studies revealed that the compound has a high drug-score, which is encouraging for further investigation. Our results indicate that SP is a promising drug candidate, which induces alterations in L. amazonensis leading to parasite death through cell cycle arrest and autophagy.
Healthy Immigrant Effect” (HIE) en personas sin hogar
Creators: name: Parés Bayerri, Alícia
name: Calvo, Fran
name: Font-Mayolas, Sílvia
Publisher: name: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría
Year: 2023

description: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría, Núm. 27 (2023): octubre-noviembre-diciembre
New half supersymmetric solutions of the heterotic string
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe all supersymmetric solutions of the heterotic string which preserve 8 supersymmetries and show that are distinguished by the holonomy, ${\rm hol}(\hat\nabla)$, of the connection, $\hat\nabla$, with skew-symmetric torsion. The ${\rm hol}(\hat\nabla) \subseteq SU(2)$ solutions are principal bundles over a 4-dimensional hyper-Kähler manifold equipped with a anti-self-dual connection and fibre group $G$ which has Lie algebra, ${\mathfrak Lie} (G)=\bR^{5,1}$, $\mathfrak{sl}(2,\bR)\oplus \mathfrak{su}(2)$ or $\mathfrak{cw}_6$. Some of the solutions have the interpretation as 5-branes wrapped on $G$ with transverse space any hyper-Kähler 4-dimensional manifold. We construct new solutions for ${\mathfrak Lie} (G)=\mathfrak{sl}(2,\bR)\oplus \mathfrak{su}(2)$ and show that are characterized by 3 integers and have continuous moduli. There is also a smooth family in this class with one asymptotic region and the dilaton is bounded everywhere on the spacetime. We also demonstrate that the worldvolume theory of the backgrounds with holonomy SU(2) can be understood in terms of gauged WZW models for which the gauge fields are composite. The ${\rm hol}(\hat\nabla) \subseteq\bR^8$ solutions are superpositions of fundamental strings and pp-waves in flat space, which may also include a null rotation. The ${\rm hol}(\hat\nabla)=\{1\}$ heterotic string backgrounds which preserve 8 supersymmetries are Lorentzian group manifolds.
description: 31 pages, minor corrections, analysis improved and more references added
On the evolutionary status of short period cataclysmic variables
Creators: name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Southworth, John
name: Baraffe, I.
name: Watson, C. A.
name: Copperwheat, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present high-speed, three-colour photometry of seven short period (Porb <= 95 mins) eclipsing CVs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We determine the system parameters via a parametrized model of the eclipse fitted to the observed lightcurve by chi2 minimization. Three out of seven of the systems possess brown dwarf donor stars and are believed to have evolved past the orbital period minimum. This is in line with predictions that 40-70 per cent of CVs should have evolved past the orbital period minimum. Therefore, the main result of our study is that the missing population of post-period minimum CVs has finally been identified. The donor star masses and radii are, however, inconsistent with model predictions; the donor stars are approximately 10 per cent larger than expected across the mass range studied here. One explanation for the discrepancy is enhanced angular momentum loss (e.g. from circumbinary discs), however the mass-transfer rates, as deduced from white dwarf effective temperatures, are not consistent with enhanced angular momentum loss. We show it is possible to explain the large donor radii without invoking enhanced angular momentum loss by a combination of geometrical deformation and the effects of starspots due to strong rotation and expected magnetic activity. Choosing unambiguously between these different solutions will require independent estimates of the mass-transfer rates in short period CVs.
description: 15 pages, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Constraints on "rare" dyon decays
Creators: name: Mukhi, Sunil
name: Nigam, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the complete set of constraints on the moduli of N=4 superstring compactifications that permit "rare" marginal decays of 1/4-BPS dyons to take place. The constraints are analysed in some special cases. The analysis extends in a straightforward way to multi-particle decays. We discuss the possible relation between general multi-particle decays and multi-centred black holes.
description: 27 pages
Comparison of two levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding: a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
Creators: name: Ilyin, Alexey B.
name: Khasanov, Albir A.
name: Suturina, Larisa V.
name: Borisova, Natalia I.
name: Reshetov, Zakhar S.
name: Foidart, Jean-Michel
name: Déri, Judit Alexandra
name: Tóth, Vera
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: To evaluate the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system Donasert® (also known as Levosert®) compared with the reference product Mirena® for the alleviation of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). A phase 3 multicentre, non-inferiority, active-controlled study in non-menopausal women with HMB (menstrual blood loss [MBL] ≥ 80 mL) as the primary symptom randomised to either Donasert® or Mirena® and followed for 6 months. MBL was evaluated using a validated, modified version of the Wyatt pictogram. Overall, 312 were randomised (158 to Donasert® and 154 to Mirena®). The mean (standard deviation) absolute change in MBL from baseline to 6 months in the per-protocol population (N = 300) was −130 (71.8) mL and −127 (67.3) mL in the Donasert® and Mirena® groups, respectively; non-inferiority of Donasert® was confirmed (p-value <0.0001). Successful treatment of HMB (MBL <80 mL) and a decrease to ≤50% of baseline MBL was achieved in 139/154 (90.3%) and 126/146 (86.3%) participants in the Donasert® and Mirena® groups, respectively and the between-treatment difference was non-significant. Most adverse events were mild in severity. Only two device expulsions occurred in the study and there were no uterine perforations. Donasert® has equivalent efficacy and safety during the first 6 months foralleviation of HMB compared to the reference device, Mirena®. 348 (Clinical Trials Registry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/default.aspx)
Another super-dense sub-Neptune in K2-182 b and refined mass measurements for K2-199 b and c
Creators: name: Murphy, Joseph M. Akana
name: Kosiarek, Molly R.
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Gonzales, Erica J.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Petigura, Erik A
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Grunblatt, Samuel K.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Fulton, Benjamin
name: Hirsch, Lea A.
name: Behmard, Aida
name: Rosenthal, Lee J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine multiple campaigns of K2 photometry with precision radial velocity measurements from Keck-HIRES to measure the masses of three sub-Neptune-size planets. We confirm the planetary nature of the massive sub-Neptune K2-182 b ($P_\mathrm{b}= 4.7$ days, $R_\mathrm{b} = 2.69$ $R_\oplus$) and derive refined parameters for K2-199 b and c ($P_\mathrm{b} = 3.2$ days, $R_\mathrm{b} = 1.73$ $R_\oplus$, and $P_\mathrm{c} = 7.4$ days, $R_\mathrm{c} = 2.85$ $R_\oplus$). These planets provide valuable data points in the mass-radius plane, especially as TESS continues to reveal an increasingly diverse sample of sub-Neptunes. K2-182 (EPIC 211359660) is a moderately bright ($V = 12.0$ mag) early-K dwarf observed during K2 campaigns 5 and 18. We find K2-182 b is potentially one of the densest sub-Neptunes known to date ($20 \pm 5$ $M_\oplus$ and $5.6 \pm 1.4$ g cm$^{-3}$). K2-199 (EPIC 212779596; $V = 12.3$ mag) is a K5V dwarf observed in K2 campaigns 6 and 17 which hosts two recently-confirmed planets. We refine the orbital and planetary parameters for K2-199 b and c by modeling both campaigns of K2 photometry and adding 12 Keck-HIRES measurements to the existing radial velocity data set ($N$ = 33). We find K2-199 b is likely rocky, at $6.9 \pm 1.8$ $M_\oplus$ and $7.2^{+2.1}_{-2.0}$ g cm$^{-3}$. K2-199 c has an intermediate density at $12.4 \pm 2.3$ $M_\oplus$ and $2.9^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$ g cm$^{-3}$. We contextualize these planets on the mass-radius plane, discuss a small but intriguing population of "super-dense" sub-Neptunes ($R_\mathrm{p} < 3$ $R_\oplus$, $M_\mathrm{p} > 20$ $M_\oplus$), and consider our prospects for the planets' atmospheric characterization.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Ammonia toxicity in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
Creators: name: Hillaby, Betty Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Acute ammonia toxicity in rainbow trout was studied. This was carried out by injecting fish with various concentrations of ammonia dissolved in isotonic saline. In order to approximate conditions of natural toxicity, where ammonia would enter the fish at the gills, without the additional problems of environmental factors, the ammonium solutions were injected via a cannula implanted in the dorsal aorta. To determine if a differential toxicity existed in fish in relation to high pH and low pH ammonium solutions, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride were chosen for injection. Hydrogen ion, and total ammonia, concentrations were measured in blood sampled from the dorsal aorta, both before and after injection. In order to determine if, during the course of the injection, normal excretion rates would remove all of the injected ammonia, total ammonia and hydrogen ion concentrations were measured in blood sampled from both the dorsal and ventral aortae, and rates of extraction of ammonia from blood at the gills were calculated. Ammonia is toxic to fish. There was no significant difference between the dose of NH₄Cl and NH₄HCO₃ which killed fish. Therefore, unlike mammals, fish exhibited no differential toxicity to the ammonium compounds tested. Injection of NH₄Cl decreased pHa and injection of NH₄HCO₃ increased pHa. Both compounds increased the total ammonia concentration in the blood. Although in water the fraction of ammonia which exerts the toxic effects is unionized ammonia, within the fish it is the ionized fraction which exerts the toxic effects. The same dose of ammonium killed fish, but NH₄HCO₃-injected fish which survived had a much higher concentration of unionized ammonia in the blood than NH₄Cl-injected fish which died. Ammonia extracted from the blood in control fish was about one-fifth the amount which killed fish. This, together with the measured increases in blood ammonia following injection, demonstrate that, although ammonia is a normal excretory product of rainbow trout, the trout cannot increase excretion rates sufficiently to rid themselves of an ammonia load. Symptoms observed in fish following injection of ammonium solutions led to the conclusion that ammonia acts at the neural level.
Satisfaction and continuation with LNG-IUS 12: findings from the real-world kyleena® satisfaction study
Creators: name: Stovall, Dale W.
name: Aqua, Keith
name: Römer, Thomas
name: Donders, Gilbert
name: Sørdal, Terje
name: Hauck, Brian
name: de la Llata, Eric Saucedo
name: Kallner, Helena Kopp
name: Salomon, Julie
name: Zvolanek, Michal
name: Frenz, Ann-Kathrin
name: Böhnke, Tanja
name: Bauerfeind, Anja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The Kyleena® Satisfaction Study (KYSS) aimed to assess satisfaction and continuation with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) 12 (Kyleena®) in routine clinical practice and to evaluate factors that influence satisfaction. This prospective, observational, multicentre, single-arm cohort study, with 1-year follow-up, was conducted in Belgium, Canada, Germany, Mexico, Norway, Sweden, Spain and the United States from 2017 to 2018. During routine counselling, women who independently selected to use LNG-IUS 12 were invited to participate in the study. KYSS assessed LNG-IUS 12 satisfaction, continuation and safety. Overall, there were 1126 successful LNG-IUS 12 placements, with insertion attempted in 1129 women. Most participants (833/968, 86.1%, 95% CI 83.7–88.2%, with satisfaction outcome data available) reported satisfaction with LNG-IUS 12 at 12 months (or at the final visit if the device was discontinued prematurely). Satisfaction was not associated with age, parity or motivation for choosing LNG-IUS 12. The majority of women (919/1129, 81.4%) chose to continue after 12 months. Discontinuation was not correlated with age or parity. Overall, 191 women (16.9%) reported a treatment-emergent adverse event. Results from KYSS provide the first real-world evidence assessing LNG-IUS 12, and demonstrate high satisfaction and continuation rates irrespective of age or parity. Clinical trial registration: NCT03182140
Cytotoxic and antibacterial compounds from Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi fruits
Creators: name: Pardo, Jennifer Blandón
name: David, Jorge Mauricio
name: Barros, Alef
name: Barreto, Emiliano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Chromatographic procedures of extracts of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi fruits afforded (Z)-masticadienoic (1) and 3β-masticadienolic (2) acids, tetrahydroamentoflavone (3), and 4-O-methyl gallic acid (4). Addicionally, the derivative 6-oxo masticadienoic acid (1a) was prepared by an allylic oxidation. The chemical structures of obtained compounds were elucidated by spectrometric data analyses. Furthermore, both the semi-synthetic derivative and the metabolites were subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity against the A549 human lung cancer cell line, as well as antimicrobial activity tests. Compounds 2 and 1a exhibited cytotoxicity towards A549 cells with IC50 values of 20.13 and 6.11 µM, respectively. In the tests against pathogens, the CHCl3 and EtOAc soluble fractions of MeOH extract along with the pure compounds, exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Except for 4-O-methyl gallic acid, the other pure compounds showed inhibitory microbial activities with MIC values ranging from 0.25 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL doses.
Ferromagnetism of electron gas
Creators: name: Gholizade, H.
name: Momeni, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In current work, we investigate the density and temperature dependence of polarization parameter; using the relativistic formalism for the electron-electron interaction within the Fermi liquid model. we calculate the spin dependent scattering matrix elements in relativistic region, and then obtain the non-relativistic behavior to study the magnetic properties of an electron gas. By varying the polarization parameter, we minimized the free energy and then obtain the polarization of the system as a function of density and temperature. At zero temperature the exact results for polarization and magnetic susceptibility have obtained. It has been shown that for a given temperature (density) there is critical density (temperature) that the ferromagnetic phase can appears in electron gas. Our results show that at nonzero temperatures and in very low and very high densities the ferromagnetism phase can not be exist.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Accepted to Publish in "Journal of Statistical physics(Springer)",In press
Star Formation Regulation and Self-Pollution by Stellar Wind Feedback
Creators: name: Lancaster, Lachlan
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
name: Kim, Jeong-Gyu
name: Kim, Chang-Goo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar winds contain enough energy to easily disrupt the parent cloud surrounding a nascent star cluster, and for this reason have been considered candidates for regulating star formation. However, direct observations suggest most wind power is lost, and Lancaster21a,b recently proposed that this is due to efficient mixing and cooling processes. Here, we simulate star formation with wind feedback in turbulent, self-gravitating clouds, extending our previous work. Our simulations cover clouds with initial surface density $10^2-10^4$ $M_{\odot} \, {\rm pc}^{-2}$, and show that star formation and residual gas dispersal is complete within 2 - 8 initial cloud free-fall times. The "Efficiently Cooled" model for stellar wind bubble evolution predicts enough energy is lost for the bubbles to become momentum-driven, we find this is satisfied in our simulations. We also find that wind energy losses from turbulent, radiative mixing layers dominate losses by "cloud leakage" over the timescales relevant for star formation. We show that the net star formation efficiency (SFE) in our simulations can be explained by theories that apply wind momentum to disperse cloud gas, allowing for highly inhomogeneous internal cloud structure. For very dense clouds, the SFE is similar to those observed in extreme star-forming environments. Finally, we find that, while self-pollution by wind material is insignificant in cloud conditions with moderate density (only $\lesssim 10^{-4}$ of the stellar mass originated in winds), our simulations with conditions more typical of a super star cluster have star particles that form with as much as 1\% of their mass in wind material.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJL, comments welcome
Remarks on the Scalar Graviton Decoupling and Consistency of Horava Gravity
Creators: name: Park, Mu-in
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Horava proposed a renormalizable gravity theory with higher derivatives by abandoning the Lorenz invariance in UV. But there have been confusions regarding the extra scalar graviton mode and the consistency of the Horava model. I reconsider these problems and show that, in the Minkowski vacuum background, the scalar graviton mode can be consistency decoupled from the usual tensor graviton modes by imposing the (local) Hamiltonian as well as the momentum constraints.
description: Some clarifications regarding the projectable case added, Typos corrected, Comments (Footnote No.9, Note Added) added, References updated, Accepted in CQG
Do submillimeter galaxies really trace the most massive dark matter halos? Discovery of a high-z cluster in a highly active phase of evolution
Creators: name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Blain, A. W.
name: Ibata, R.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Morrison, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed observations of a z~1.99 cluster of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), discovered as the strongest redshift spike in our entire survey of ~100 SMGs across 800 square arcmin. It is the largest blank-field SMG concentration currently known and has <0.01% chance of being drawn from the underlying selection function for SMGs. We have compared UV observations of galaxies at this redshift, where we find a much less dramatic overdensity, having an 11% chance of being drawn from its selection function. We use this z~1.99 overdensity to compare the biasing of UV- and submm-selected galaxies, and test whether SMGs could reside in less overdense environments, with their apparent clustering signal being dominated by highly active merger periods in modest mass structures. This impressively active formation phase in a low mass cluster is not something seen in simulations, although we propose a toy model using merger bias which could account for the bias seen in the SMGs. While enhanced buildup of stellar mass appears characteristic of other high-z galaxy clusters, neither the UV- nor submm-galaxies in this structure exhibit larger stellar masses than their field galaxy counterparts (although the excess of SMGs in the structure represents a larger volume-averaged stellar mass than the field). Our findings have strong implications for future surveys for high-z galaxies at long wavelengths such as SCUBA2 and Herschel. We suggest that since these surveys will select galaxies during their episodes of peak starbursts, they could probe a much wider range of environments than just the progenitors of rich clusters, revealing more completely the key events and stages in galaxy formation and assembly.
description: 9 pages 4 figure, accepted in ApJ
Transverse Instability of Rogue Waves
Creators: name: Ablowitz, Mark J.
name: Cole, Justin T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rogue waves are abnormally large waves which appear unexpectedly and have attracted considerable attention, particularly in recent years. The one space, one time (1+1) nonlinear Schrödinger equation is often used to model rogue waves; it is an envelope description of plane waves and admits the so-called Pergerine and Kuznetov-Ma soliton solutions. However, in deep water waves and certain electromagnetic systems where there are two significant transverse dimensions, the 2+1 hyperbolic nonlinear Schrodinger equation is the appropriate wave envelope description. Here we show that these rogue wave solutions suffer from strong transverse instability at long and short frequencies. Moreover, the stability of the Peregrine soliton is found to coincide with that of the background plane wave. These results indicate that, when applicable, transverse dimensions must be taken into account when investigating rogue wave pheneomena.
description: Supplementary Material available on Publisher's website