cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simple Formylation of Aromatic Compounds Using a Sodium
Creators: name: Alizadeh, Abdolhamid
name: Khodaei, Mohammad M.
name: Afshar-Hezarkhani, Hadis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A new procedure was developed for formylation of arenes to produce aromatic aldehydes using a sodium formate/triphenylphosphine ditriflate system in ethanol at room temperature in good yields. The simplicity of the procedure, short reaction times, and mild reaction conditions are the other advantages of this metal- and carbon monoxide-free protocol.
title: Building fleet-based management plans, a pathway to implement an effective EAFM in European Seas
Creators: name: Gascuel, Didier
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The experts working group on the “Development of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) in European seas” has been set up by STECF (Scientific technical and economic committee of the European commission) in 2010. It is requested to develop a pragmatic feasibility approach to provide some useful assessments and ecosystem advices in support of EAFM. The presentation will focus on the main conclusions and the general approach developed within this working group.
FeII emission in NLS1s -- originating from denser regions with higher abundances?
Creators: name: Panda, Swayamtrupta
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Czerny, Bożena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of the main sequence of quasars has become a frontier subject in the last years. The consider the effect of a highly flattened, axially symmetric geometry for the broad-line region (BLR) on the parameters related to the distribution of quasars along their Main Sequence. We utilize the photoionization code CLOUDY to model the BLR, assuming `un-constant' virial factor with a strong dependence on the viewing angle. We show the preliminary results of the analysis to highlight the co-dependence of the Eigenvector 1 parameter, R$_{\mathrm{FeII}}$ on the broad H$β$ FWHM (i.e. the line dispersion) and the inclination angle ($θ$), assuming fixed values for the Eddington ratio ($\mathrm{L_{bol}}/\mathrm{L_{Edd}}$), black hole mass ($\mathrm{M_{BH}}$) and spectral energy distribution (SED) shape. We consider four cases with changing cloud density (n$\rm{_{H}}$) and composition. Understanding the FeII emitting region is crucial as this knowledge can be extended to the use of quasars as distance indicators for Cosmology.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the IAU356: Nuclear Activity in Galaxies across Cosmic Time, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (7-11 October, 2019)
Additional file 1 of Patient variability in the blood-stage dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum captured by clustering historical data
Creators: name: Masserey, Thiery
name: Penny, Melissa A.
name: Lee, Tamsin E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Predicted dynamic of the first parasitaemia wave using parameters as in Dietz et al. (2006). Observed and predicted parasitaemia dynamics and the predicted immune responses of patients (A) 46, (B) 224, and (C) 26 when the constants were calculated as defined by Dietz et al. (2006). Figure S2. Predicted dynamic of the first wave of parasitaemia using parameters as defined here. Observed and predicted parasitaemia dynamics and the predicted immune responses of patients (A) 46, (B) 224, and (C) 26, when Pm was calculated as defined here. Figure S3. Variation of non-parasitaemia attributes across clusters of the full parasitaemia profiles. Visualization of the distribution of (A) the sex of the patients, (B) repressive treatment usage, (C) the way patients were infected, and (D) the strain used to infect patients among the two clusters of the full parasitaemia profile. Figure S4. Variation of patient gametocyte profiles across clusters of the full parasitaemia profiles. Boxplot of the distribution of (A) the number of days with detected gametocytes and (B) the maximum density of gametocytes of the patients belonging to the two clusters of the full parasitaemia profile. Figure S5. Variation of the patient fever profiles across clusters of the full parasitaemia profiles. Boxplot of the distribution of (A) the maximum value of fever and (B) the number of days with fever of the patients belonging to the two clusters of the full parasitaemia profile. Figure S6. Variation of non-parasitaemia attributes across clusters of the first wave of parasitaemia. Visualization of the distribution of (A) the sex of the patients, (B) the way patients were infected, and (C) the strain used to infect patients among the fives clusters of the first wave of parasitaemia.
New Bounds on the String Scale from Flavor Physics
Creators: name: Santiago, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the very stringent lower bounds on the string scale that arise from flavor considerations in models with intersecting branes. Despite the absence of a realistic flavor structure at tree level, flavor changing interactions induce a non-trivial pattern of fermion masses and mixing angles when quantum corrections are taken into account. The resulting realistic theory of flavor allows us to constrain, in an unambiguous way, the string scale up to levels difficult to reconcile non-supersymmetric models.
description: Invited review, published version
title: Plasma Impedance: "The end of the line?"
Creators: name: Moore, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: This report accompanies the research performed during the first three terms of a one-year MPhil program into RP-generated, capacitively-coupled gas discharge plasmas and methods of electrical diagnostics.

 Gas discharge plasmas are often used for surface processing in the semiconductor fabrication industry and a discharge’s electrical properties (power and impedance) are often required to be related to its physical and chemical mechanisms. Typical R.F supplies do not incorporate accurate enough power monitors with even fewer indicating impedance. Even so, it is required to measure power and impedance actually at the driven electrode and not prior to a lossy matching network and chamber feed.

 The design and calibration of an accurate voltage and current probe are proposed (to be placed at a point between the matching network and the discharge chamber) together with a procedure to fully characterise the transmission line that remains between the probe and electrode.

 Finally, a software routine is presented to indicate power and impedance together with distortion of the 2nd and 3rd harmonic, feed efficiency and various equivalent circuits. Results show that the proposed probe is of reasonably high accuracy and that measurements taken of typical plasma discharges relate to theory in the main.
Supported 4-carboxybenzyl sulfamic acid on magnetic nanoparticles as a recoverable and recyclable catalyst for synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted furan-2(5H)-one derivatives
Creators: name: Alizadeh, Abdolhamid
name: Khodaei, Mohammad Mehdi
name: Haghipour, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: 4-Carboxybenzyl sulfamic acid functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a novel catalyst was manufactured. This catalyst was characterized and evaluated in the one-pot synthesis of furan-2(5H)-one derivatives from dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, aryl aldehydes, and various anilines in terms of activity and reusability. The catalyst showed high catalytic activity, good recoverability and reusability, thermal stability and provides clean production of fine furan-2(5H)-one derivatives in short reaction times. The heterogeneous catalyst could be used at least five times without significant loss of its activity.
High-redshift 21cm Cosmology in Canada
Creators: name: Liu, Adrian
name: Chiang, H. Cynthia
name: Crites, Abigail
name: Sievers, Jonathan
name: Hložek, Renée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the next few years, the 21cm line will enable direct observations of the Dark Ages, Cosmic Dawn, and Reionization, which represent previously unexplored periods in our cosmic history. With a combination of sky-averaged global signal measurements and spatial mapping surveys, the possible science return is enormous. This potentially includes (but is not limited to) constraints on first-generation galaxies (such as their typical masses and luminosities), constraints on cosmological parameters, a measurement of the Hubble parameter at z~15 to 20, the elimination of the optical depth nuisance parameter in the CMB, and searches for exotic phenomena such as baryon-dark matter couplings. To enable continued Canadian leadership in these science opportunities, we recommend 1) continued investments in 21cm experiments at all redshifts, 2) detailed analysis efforts of current data to overcome systematic effects, 3) new investments in preliminary experiments to explore the truly low-frequency sky as a stepping stone towards the Dark Ages, 4) new investments in line-intensity mapping experiments beyond the 21cm line, 5) continued theory support for 21cm cosmology, and 6) continued participation and knowledge transfer to next-generation international efforts such as the Square Kilometre Array.
description: White paper submitted to Canadian 2020 Long Range Plan committee
title: Objective specification of a multi-stakeholder interface to ecological models for the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management
Creators: name: Duggan, Deirdre
name: Farnsworth, Keith
name: Kraak, Sarah
name: Reid, Dave
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The increased involvement of stakeholders in the ecosystem approach to fisheries management presents a challenge in (i) priority setting among competing interests and (ii) the communication of complex ecological information among diverse stakeholders.
An Integrable Model with non-reducible three particle R-Matrix
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Khachatryan, Sh.
name: Sedrakyan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define an integrable lattice model which, in the notation of Yang, in addition to the conventional 2-particle $R$-matrices also contains non-reducible 3-particle $R$-matrices. The corresponding modified Yang-Baxter equations are solved and an expression for the transfer matrix is found as a normal ordered exponential of a (non-local) Hamiltonian.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
A blend of stretching and bending in nematic polymer networks
Creators: name: Ozenda, O.
name: Sonnet, A. M.
name: Virga, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nematic polymeric networks are (heat and light) activable materials, which combine the features of rubber and nematic liquid crystals. When only the stretching energy of a thin sheet of nematic polymeric network is minimized, the intrinsic (Guassian) curvature of the shape it takes upon (thermal or optical) actuation is determined. This, unfortunately, produces a multitude of possible shapes, for which we need a selection criterion, which may only be provided by a correcting bending energy depending on the extrinsic curvatures of the deformed shape. The literature has so far offered approximate corrections depending on the mean curvature. In this paper, we derive the appropriate bending energy of a sheet of polymeric nematic network from the celebrated neo-classical energy of nematic elastomers in three space dimensions. This task is performed via a dimension reduction based on a modified Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, which withstands to the criticism of more sophisticated analytical tools. The result is a surface elastic free-energy density where stretching and bending are blended together; they may or may not be length-separated, and should be minimized together. The extrinsic curvatures of the deformed shape not only feature in the bending energy through the mean curvature, but also through the relative orientation of the nematic director in the frame of the directions of principal curvature.
Minimax estimation of linear functionals over nonconvex parameter spaces
Creators: name: Cai, T. Tony
name: Low, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G99 (Primary) 62F12, 62C20, 62M99. (Secondary)

description: The minimax theory for estimating linear functionals is extended to the case of a finite union of convex parameter spaces. Upper and lower bounds for the minimax risk can still be described in terms of a modulus of continuity. However in contrast to the theory for convex parameter spaces rate optimal procedures are often required to be nonlinear. A construction of such nonlinear procedures is given. The results developed in this paper have important applications to the theory of adaptation.
Structure function of a damped harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Rosenfelder, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the Caldeira-Leggett approach to describe dissipative quantum systems the structure function for a harmonic oscillator with Ohmic dissipation is evaluated by an analytic continuation from euclidean to real time. The analytic properties of the Fourier transform of the structure function with respect to the energy transfer (the ``characteristic function'') are studied and utilized. In the one-parameter model of Ohmic dissipation we show explicitly that the broadening of excited states increases with the state number without violating sum rules. Analytic and numerical results suggest that this is a phenomenologically relevant, consistent model to include the coupling of a single (sub-)nuclear particle to unobserved and complex degrees of freedom.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, RevTex4, minor changes following referee's comments and by PRC: the definite article in the original title has been dropped
Frequency Scales for Current Statistics of Mesoscopic Conductors
Creators: name: Nagaev, K. E.
name: Pilgram, S.
name: Buttiker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the third cumulant of current in a chaotic cavity with contacts of arbitrary transparency as a function of frequency. Its frequency dependence drastically differs from that of the conventional noise. In addition to a dispersion at the inverse RC time characteristic of charge relaxation, it has a low-frequency dispersion at the inverse dwell time of electrons in the cavity. This effect is suppressed if both contacts have either large or small transparencies.
description: 4 pages
Patients’ and health professionals’ experience of the Danish fast track treatment pathway for head and neck cancer patients receiving oral rehabilitation
Creators: name: Lærke Fromm Andersen
name: Wessel, Irene
name: Gotfredsen, Klaus
name: Øzhayat, Esben Boeskov
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: This study aims to investigate the responsiveness of the Danish treatment pathway for head-and-neck-cancer (HNC) patients receiving oral rehabilitation. Material and Methods: Eighteen HNC-patients who had received oral rehabilitation as well as five medical and four oral health care professionals involved in the treatment of HNC-patients filled in a questionnaire on responsiveness. The responsiveness was further described in individual interviews in the HNC-patients and focus group interviews in the health care professionals. All interviews were semi-structured and analysed using the grounded theory. Results: Patients and health care professionals overall reported good responsiveness of the pathway. Prompt attention was in both groups considered the most important aspect, although the patients found it difficult to cope mentally with the fast-track and the health care professionals reported insufficiencies giving prompt attention. The patients in general described a good relationship with their health care professionals, but along with the health care professionals also reported some problems regarding communication. Further, the health care professionals reported a gap between medical treatment and oral rehabilitation. Conclusions: The Danish treatment pathway for HNC-patients was, in general, evaluated positively. Communication and relationship between patient and health care professional can affect the responsiveness of the pathway.
title: Institutional organization and the ecosystem approach for science and advice: A social network analysis of ICES expert groups
Creators: name: Dankel, Dorothy J.
name: Schmidt, Jörn O.
name: Bailey, Jennifer
name: Fricke, Daniel
name: Nielsen, Kåre Nolde
name: Röckmann, Christine
name: Strehlow, Harry V.
name: Wilson, Doug
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) is the world’s oldest intergovernmental organization dedicated to marine science and advice. The ICES mission statement is “To advance the scientific capacity to give advice on human activities affecting, and affected by, marine ecosystems.” This mission calls for an “establishment of effective arrangements to provide scientific advice,” and for coordination for “enhancing physical, chemical, biological, and interdisciplinary research.”1 Today over 1600 scientists from 20 member countries are affiliated with ICES, conducting science and formulating advice as part of the overall ICES network. In its most concrete form, the ICES network is given by the joint attendance of expert groups.
Field Theory of Anisotropic Quantum Hall Gas: Metrology and a Novel Quantum Hall Regime
Creators: name: Ishikawa, K.
name: Aoyama, T.
name: Ishizuka, Y.
name: Maeda, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The von Neumann lattice representation is a convenient representation for studying several intriguing physics of quantum Hall systems. In this formalism, electrons are mapped to lattice fermions. A topological invariant expression of the Hall conductance is derived and is used for the proof of the integer quantum Hall effect in the realistic situation. Anisotropic quantum Hall gas is investigated based on the Hartree-Fock approximation in the same formalism. Thermodynamic properties, transport properties, and unusual response under external modulations are found. Implications for the integer quantum Hall effect in the finite systems are also studied and a new quantum Hall regime with non-zero longitudinal resistance is shown to exist.
description: 38 pages, 32 figures (one not included), review article
General location multivariate latent variable models for mixed correlated bounded continuous, ordinal, and nominal responses with non-ignorable missing data
Creators: name: Tabrizi, Elham
name: Samani, Ehsan Bahrami
name: Ganjali, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Using a multivariate latent variable approach, this article proposes some new general models to analyze the correlated bounded continuous and categorical (nominal or/and ordinal) responses with and without non-ignorable missing values. First, we discuss regression methods for jointly analyzing continuous, nominal, and ordinal responses that we motivated by analyzing data from studies of toxicity development. Second, using the beta and Dirichlet distributions, we extend the models so that some bounded continuous responses are replaced for continuous responses. The joint distribution of the bounded continuous, nominal and ordinal variables is decomposed into a marginal multinomial distribution for the nominal variable and a conditional multivariate joint distribution for the bounded continuous and ordinal variables given the nominal variable. We estimate the regression parameters under the new general location models using the maximum-likelihood method. Sensitivity analysis is also performed to study the influence of small perturbations of the parameters of the missing mechanisms of the model on the maximal normal curvature. The proposed models are applied to two data sets: BMI, Steatosis and Osteoporosis data and Tehran household expenditure budgets.
Off-shell effective energy theory: a unified treatment of the Hubbard model from d=1 to d=$\infty$
Creators: name: Cheng, Zhengqian
name: Marianetti, Chris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we propose an exact formalism, off-shell effective energy theory (OET), which provides a thermodynamic description of a generic quantum Hamiltonian. The OET is based on a partitioning of the Hamiltonian and a corresponding density matrix ansatz constructed from an off-shell extension of the equilibrium density matrix; and there are dual realizations based on a given partitioning. To approximate OET, we introduce the central point expansion (CPE), which is an expansion of the density matrix ansatz, and we renormalize the CPE using a standard expansion of the ground state energy. We showcase the OET for the one band Hubbard model in d=1, 2, and $\infty$, using a partitioning between kinetic and potential energy, yielding two realizations denoted as $\mathcal{K}$ and $\mathcal{X}$. OET shows favorable agreement with exact or state-of-the-art results over all parameter space, and has a negligible computational cost. Physically, $\mathcal{K}$ describes the Fermi liquid, while $\mathcal{X}$ gives an analogous description of both the Luttinger liquid and the Mott insulator. Our approach should find broad applicability in lattice model Hamiltonians, in addition to real materials systems.
The Absorptive Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Charuchittipan, D.
name: Lam, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that gravity and neutrino oscillation can be used to probe large extra dimensions in a braneworld scenario. We argue that neutrino oscillation remains a useful probe even when the extra dimensions are small, because the brane-bulk coupling is likely to be large. Neutrino oscillation in the presence of a strong brane-bulk coupling is vastly different from the usual case of a weak coupling. In particular, some active neutrinos could be absorbed by the bulk when they oscillate from one kind to another, a signature which can be taken as the presence of an extra dimension. In a very large class of models which we shall discuss, the amount of absorption for all neutrino oscillations is controlled by a single parameter, a property which distinguishes extra dimensions from other mechanisms for losing neutrino fluxes.
description: Introduction enlarged; conclusions added. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1 of Screening and brief intervention for alcohol use disorder risk in three middle-income countries
Creators: name: Paschall, Mallie J.
name: Ringwalt, Christopher L.
name: Fisher, Deborah A.
name: Grube, Joel W.
name: Achoki, Tom
name: Miller, Ted R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Supplementary Material 1
Surface-induced formation of stereogenic centers on gold nanoparticles through diastereoselective interfacial Henry reaction an NMR investigation
Creators: name: Alizadeh, Abdolhamid
name: GISYA ABDI
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This study aims at the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (2–3 nm) functionalized with different nitroalkane-terminated thiols and investigates the chemical reactivity of these confined nitroalkanes towards aldehydes to yield β-nitroalcohols. Interfacial Henry reaction between fixed nitroalkane-terminated thiols with various aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes resulted in stereogenic centers on the surface of mixed-monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (MMPNs). The ratio of the resulting diastereomers was determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. It was found that some parameters such as the chain length of nitroalkyl and the nature of aromatic aldehyde play the main role in affecting the diastereomeric ratio on the surface of MMPNs. Certain trends have been analyzed from the data, and it can be inferred that some aldehydes approximately prefer the formation of anti diastereomers as the predominant products, while others give syn β-nitroalcohols. We have attributed this stereoselectivity to the packed layers, forceful lateral interactions (van derWaals), and intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the surface of modified gold nanoparticles that are able to suppress the role of solvent and intermolecular interactions.
Figure 9. Evolution of interface between dissolved and non-dissolved area (or perimeter) (left) and dissolved area (right) against dimensionless time at 1ml/h for both configurations.
Creators: name: Assohoun Wilfried Arnaud Ahoulou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40403 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
subject: 40603 Hydrogeology
subject: Solid Earth Sciences

description: Dissolved Area and Perimeter
title: Identification of potential target levels for Central Baltic Sea fishing mortalities taking multispecies interactions into account
Creators: name: Vinther, Morten
name: Neuenfeldt, Stefan
name: Eero, Margit
name: Casini, Michele
name: Sparholt, Henrik
name: Rindorf., Anna
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Management of fisheries for cod can have an impact on fishing opportunities for sprat and herring, and vice versa. Cod are predatory, and their main prey is sprat and, to a lesser extent, herring and also juvenile cod (cannibalism). In addition, herring and sprat sometimes feed on the eggs of cod. Furthermore, growth of herring and sprat has been density-dependent, and growth of cod has, to some extent, been dependent on herring and sprat biomass. Finally, the relative distributions of predator (cod) and prey (herring and sprat, possibly juvenile cod) have changed substantially during the last years, and for the time being much herring and sprat are outside the predatory reach of cod
Altruistic Contents of Quantum Prisoner's Dilemma
Creators: name: Cheon, Taksu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We examine the classical contents of quantum games. It is shown that a quantum strategy can be interpreted as a classical strategies with effective density-dependent game matrices composed of transposed matrix elements. In particular, successful quantum strategies in dilemma games are interpreted in terms of a symmetrized game matrix that corresponds to an altruistic game plan.
description: Revised according to publisher's request: 4 pgs, 2 fgs, ReVTeX4. For more info, go to http://www.mech.kochi-tech.ac.jp/cheon/
Architectonic Allotropy : Towards Palimpsestic Preservation of UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Creators: name: Zlatinis, Kosta
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The regeneration of urban areas is a polemic discourse which re-establishes and redefines the complex (and ambiguous) relationships that bind the old and the new. The preservation of our built heritage renders architecture not just as brick and mortar, but a medium charged with economic, cultural and political value involving the struggle between the forces of technology and tradition, identity and memory, globalization and identity, city branding and tourism, and heritage and preservation. Centuries of architectonic interventions resulted in the emergence of a palimpsest architectural expression that embeds the traces of two (or more) architectonic characteristics resulting in architecture with a successional space/time character. Operating at the intersection of design and activism, the architectonic allotropes can go beyond UNESCO’s repetitive mechanisms that make our architectural heritage operate as an actor of political agendas. This thesis is an attempt to propose strategies and devices capable of challenging these mechanisms of preservation and to identify an alternative method for restorative preservation to the hegemonic rules established by UNESCO’s World Heritage Preservation Program. The possibility of allotropy fosters the mediation of relations between past and present - the lost, the ruin, and the new. Historical architectural works are subjugated to architectonic allotropy in their reconstruction in order to reveal the conflicts and dependencies that the restoration to the “original” conceals. In the same way, designs that are produced by allotropy attempt to reorganize societies they participate in so that these projects can act within the tensions and controversies they are part of.
Lamplighters, Diestel-Leader graphs, random walks, and harmonic functions
Creators: name: Woess, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J50 (primary) 05C25, 20E22, 31C05, 60G50 (secondary)

description: The lamplighter group over $\mathbb Z$ is the wreath product $\mathbb Z_q \wr \mathbb Z$. With respect to a natural generating set, its Cayley graph is the Diestel-Leader graph $DL(q,q)$. We study harmonic functions for the "simple" Laplacian on this graph, and more generally, for a class of random walks on $DL(q,r)$, where $q,r \ge 2$. The DL-graphs are horocyclic products of two trees, and we give a full description of all positive harmonic functions in terms of the boundaries of these two trees. In particular, we determine the minimal Martin boundary, that is, the set of minimal positive harmonic functions.
description: Version of November 2003, to appear in Combinatorics, Probability & Computing
Suppression of H2-cooling in protogalaxies aided by trapped Lyα cooling radiation
Creators: name: Wolcott-Green, Jemma
name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Bryan, Greg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal evolution of UV-irradiated atomic cooling haloes using high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. We consider the effect of H^- photodetachment by Lyα cooling radiation trapped in the optically-thick cores of three such haloes, a process which has not been included in previous simulations. H^- is a precursor of molecular hydrogen, and therefore, its destruction can diminish the H2 abundance and cooling. Using a simple high-end estimate for the trapped Lyα energy density, we find that H^- photodetachment by Lyα decreases the critical UV flux for suppressing H2-cooling by up to a factor of \approx 5. With a more conservative estimate of the Lyα energy density, we find the critical flux is decreased only by ~15-50 percent. Our results suggest that Lyα radiation may have an important effect on the thermal evolution of UV-irradiated haloes, and therefore on the potential for massive black hole formation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Non-adiabatic modulation of premixed-flame thermoacoustic frequencies in slender tubes
Creators: name: Flores-Montoya, Enrique
name: Muntean, Victor
name: Sánchez-Sanz, Mario
name: Martínez-Ruiz, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an experimental study of the influence of heat losses on the onset of thermoacoustic instabilities in methane-air premixed flames propagating in a horizontal tube of small diameter, $D = 10$ mm. Flames are ignited at the open end of the tube and propagate towards the closed end undergoing strong oscillations of different features due to the interaction with acoustic waves. Different regimes are reproduced in these experiments, namely the well-known primary and secondary thermoacoustic instabilities, which are strongly dependent on mixture equivalence ratio, fuel properties and geometric constraints of the combustion chamber. The frequency of oscillation and its axial location are controlled through the tube length $L$ and the intensity of heat losses. Main experimental observations show that classical one-dimensional predictions of the oscillation frequency do not accurately describe the phenomena under non-adiabatic real scenarios. Besides the experimental measurements, a quasi-one-dimensional heat transfer analysis of the burnt gases downstream of the flame is provided. This study introduced the effect of heat losses at the walls of the tube on the interplay between the acoustic field and the reaction sheet. As a result, this analysis provides an improved description of the interaction and accurately predicts the excited flame-oscillation harmonics through the eigenvalues of the non-adiabatic acoustics model. Unlike the original one-dimensional adiabatic analysis, the comparison between the flame oscillation frequency provided by the non-adiabatic extended theory and the frequencies measured in our experiments is in great agreement in the whole range of temperatures considered. This confirms the importance of heat losses in the modulation of the instabilities and the transition between the different flame oscillation regimes.
Scaling Artificial Intelligence for Digital Wargaming in Support of Decision-Making
Creators: name: Black, Scotty
name: Darken, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this unprecedented era of technology-driven transformation, it becomes more critical than ever that we aggressively invest in developing robust artificial intelligence (AI) for wargaming in support of decision-making. By advancing AI-enabled systems and pairing these with human judgment, we will be able to enhance all-domain awareness, improve the speed and quality of our decision cycles, offer recommendations for novel courses of action, and more rapidly counter our adversary's actions. It therefore becomes imperative that we accelerate the development of AI to help us better address the complexity of modern challenges and dilemmas that currently requires human intelligence and, if possible, attempt to surpass human intelligence--not to replace humans, but to augment and better inform human decision-making at machine speed. Although deep reinforcement learning continues to show promising results in intelligent agent behavior development for the long-horizon, complex tasks typically found in combat modeling and simulation, further research is needed to enable the scaling of AI to deal with these intricate and expansive state-spaces characteristic of wargaming for either concept development, education, or analysis. To help address this challenge, in our research, we are developing and implementing a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework that includes a multi-model approach and dimension-invariant observation abstractions.
How to write a dissertation: long document management for biomedical and forensic science students
Creators: name: Guinn, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: dissertation
independent research project
thesis
thesis outline

description: This guide aims to help you write your undergraduate dissertation, or postgraduate research thesis (MSc, MPhil, MD or PhD). It is in progress with regular updates as I guide my students through their own dissertation writing. And if you have any comments or suggestions, please let me know.
Magnesium-Accelerated Maillard Reactions Drive Differences in Adjunct and All-Malt Brewing
Creators: name: Omari, Isaac O.
name: Charnock, Hannah M.
name: Fugina, Alexa L.
name: Thomson, Euan L.
name: J. Scott McIndoe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Magnesium impacts key processes in brewing including yeast metabolism and mash pH but is typically overshadowed in brewing studies, owing to the established centrality of calcium. Using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), a 33.7% average increase in magnesium concentration in commercially available beers brewed with 100% barley malt versus those brewed with adjunct grains was identified. Parallel analysis of brewing grains implicates rice in driving this discrepancy. Given the known catalytic properties of magnesium, its role in beer color development via Maillard chemistry using model systems and wort (unfermented beer) was investigated. Kinetic data were obtained by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry and reaction species were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Magnesium accelerated Maillard chemistry in all systems in a dose-dependent manner. These findings reveal a divergence in outcomes of all-malt and adjunct brewing driven by magnesium-catalyzed color formation in the brewhouse. It is proposed that magnesium inhibits water mobility and serves as a Lewis acid catalyst to facilitate Maillard reactions.
Rapidity Asymmetry in High-energy $d+A$ Collisions
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the recent prediction of high $p_T$ hadron suppression within the parton saturation model, it is shown that multiple parton scattering suffered by the projectile will enhance high $p_T$ hadron spectra in $d+A$ collisions relative to a superposition of binary $p+p$ collisions at RHIC. A stronger enhancement in the forward rapidity region of the projectile is also predicted, resulting in a unique rapidity asymmetry of the hadron spectra at high $p_T$. The shape of the rapidity asymmetry should be reversed for low $p_T$ hadrons that are dominated by soft and coherent interactions which suppress hadron spectra in the projectile rapidity region. The phenomenon at the LHC energies is shown to be qualitatively different because of parton shadowing.
description: 13 pages in RevTex, 5 figures. The numerical data files of the figures can be downloaded from http://www-hpc.lbl.gov/datacode_files/hadrons.htm
The minimal N=4 no-scale model from generalized dimensional reduction
Creators: name: Villadoro, Giovanni
name: Zwirner, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the generalized dimensional reduction of pure ungauged N=4, D=5 supergravity, where supersymmetry is spontaneously broken to N=2 or N=0 with identically vanishing scalar potential. We explicitly construct the resulting gauged D=4 theory coupled to a single vector multiplet, which provides the minimal N=4 realization of a no-scale model. We discuss its relation with the standard classification of N=4 gaugings, extensions to non-compact twists and to higher dimensions, the N=2 theories obtained via consistent Z_2 orbifold projections and prospects for further generalizations.
description: 1+28 pages, no figures, JHEP3 LaTeX, published version
Additional file 1 of Physical performance in older age by sex and educational level: the HUNT Study
Creators: name: Melsæter, Kjerstin N.
name: Tangen, Gro G.
name: Skjellegrind, Håvard K.
name: Vereijken, Beatrix
name: Strand, Bjørn H.
name: Thingstad, Pernille
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Figure S1. Bar graph for the different SPPB subtests.
title: A case of bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia with ectasia of vertebrobasilar system and flow related aneurysms presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Creators: name: Kamaraj, Ramya
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 48 years old gentleman presented with complaints of headache for the past 3 days. The patient did not have any other symptoms. 

On clinical examination, the patient was conscious and oriented. No focal neurological deficit was found. His laboratory parameters were within normal limits. 

Since the patient has worsening of headache, He was referred for MRI brain by the neurologist. 

description: 48 years, male
Retention of Iron and Copper during Mashing of Roasted Malts
Creators: name: Pagenstecher, Marcus
name: Maia, Carolina
name: Andersen, Mogens L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Malt is the major source of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in wort and beer, and the main uptake of Fe and Cu ions happens during mashing. Past research has indicated that the mineral composition of sweet wort primarily depends on the ion removal rate during mash filtration. In this study, the capacity to remove Fe and Cu during mashing has been evaluated. Each metal was added (50 µM) at the beginning of congress mashings and the final concentrations in sweet wort were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). There was little to no difference between the samples spiked with Fe and the blanks when using pure pilsner malt, suggesting that there is an efficient binding of Fe in the spent grains. A significant, but not complete, removal was also observed for Cu-spiked samples. Mashing with roasted malt showed decreased removal of Fe while removal of Cu was increased. The effects of addition of high metal concentrations during mashing on the oxidative stability of the sweet wort were evaluated using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and oxygen consumption. It was concluded that the spent grains have an important leveling effect on the final Fe and Cu concentrations in sweet wort, which also levels the effects on oxidative reactions.
Modelling charge transport in perovskite solar cells: Potential-based and limiting ion depletion
Creators: name: Abdel, Dilara
name: Vágner, Petr
name: Fuhrmann, Jürgen
name: Farrell, Patricio
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Finite volume methods
subject: perovskite solar cells
subject: semiconductor device modelling
subject: drift-diffusion equations
subject: Scharfetter--Gummel methods
subject: 35Q81
subject: 35K57
subject: 65N08

description: From Maxwell--Stefan diffusion and general electrostatics, we derive a drift-diffusion model for charge transport in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) where any ion in the perovskite layer may flexibly be chosen to be mobile or immobile. Unlike other models in the literature, our model is based on quasi Fermi potentials instead of densities. This allows to easily include nonlinear diffusion (based on Fermi--Dirac, Gauss--Fermi or Blakemore statistics for example) as well as limit the ion depletion (via the Fermi--Dirac integral of order-1). The latter will be motivated by a grand-canonical formalism of ideal lattice gas. Furthermore, our model allows to use different statistics for different species. We discuss the thermodynamic equilibrium, electroneutrality as well as generation/recombination. Finally, we present numerical finite volume simulations to underline the importance of limiting ion depletion.
Notolomatia Greathead 1998
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Notolomatia

description: Notolomatia Greathead
 Notolomatia Greathead, 1998: 219.
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081