cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Individueller Wohlstand - ein Moderator der Beziehung von dispositioneller Persönlichkeit und sozioökonomisch-ideologischer Einstellung?
Creators: name: Heber, Michael
Year: 2021

description: Die persönlichkeitspsychologischen Ursprünge von ideologischen Einstellungen gewannen in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung in den letzten Jahren sukzessive an Bedeutung. Durch diesen Bedeutungsgewinn wurde der Zusammenhang von dispositionellen Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und der politisch-ideologischen Einstellung in vielen Arbeiten untersucht. Mögliche Moderationseinflüsse durch die politische und soziale Umwelt einer Person fanden jedoch nur in wenigen Untersuchungen Beachtung. Vorliegende Arbeit behandelt dieses Forschungsdesiderat und beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie der individuelle sozioökonomische Wohlstand jene Einflüsse moderiert, die von dispositionellen Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen auf sozioökonomische ideologische Einstellung ausgeübt werden. Dazu werden auf Basis von Daten der German Longitudinal Election Study des Jahres 2017 Marginaleffektanalysen durchgeführt. Für die Analysen wird das individuelle Wohlstandsniveau auf Basis des Nettoäquivalenzeinkommens sowie des Klassenschemas nach Daniel Oesch operationalisiert. In den Analysen wird festgestellt, dass sich die untersuchten Marginaleffekte voneinander nicht statistisch signifikant unterscheiden und die Regressionsmodelle durch Hinzunahme der Moderatoren nur in geringem Maße verbessert werden. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung implizieren daher, dass der individuelle Wohlstand keinen statistisch signifikanten Moderationseinfluss auf die Zusammenhänge zwischen den einzelnen dispositionellen Persönlichkeitseigenschaften und der sozioökonomischen ideologischen Einstellung ausübt.
description: The origins of ideological attitudes within human personality became successively more important in scientific research over the last years. In this process the connection between dispositional personality traits and political ideological attitudes was heavily researched. However, few studies looked at potential moderating effects the social and political environment of a person may have on the connection named above. This thesis looks to investigate this research desideratum. It analyses the question, if a person’s individual prosperity exerts moderating influences on the relationship between dispositional personality traits and socioeconomical ideological attitudes. It does so in conducting a marginal effects analysis based on data from the German Longitudinal Election Study in 2017. For the analysis individual prosperity is operationalized based on equivalized net income and the class scheme by Daniel Oesch. The analysis shows that the examined marginal effects are not statistically significant distinct from each other. Furthermore, the regression models improved barely through the inclusion of moderating variables. The findings of the analysis therefore imply that individual prosperity does not moderate the connections between the particular dispositional personality traits and socioeconomical ideological attitudes.
Blue Tongue in Small Ruminants: An Overview
Creators: name: Jyotiprava Mishra1*, Iswari Ipsita Das2, Keertti Mohanty2, Debasis Soren2, Suvam Shekhar, Shaw2, Kalpita Subhalagna Dey2
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Blue tongue is now considered as important arthropod borne viral disease affecting multiple species, though sheep is acutely infected with high mortality. India is endemic to Blue tongue with nearly 15 serotypes already identified in India, so considered as an important emerging disease. Routine serosurvelliance as well as awareness among all stake holders related to animal husbandry sector is the need of the hour to investigate circulating strains in different parts of country, which will be helpful in designing effective vaccine as well as limiting the spread of this disease.
Choose your target wisely: how the EU shapes nationalism in contemporary Europe
Creators: name: Johnston, Samuel A. T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Nationalism has experienced a resurgence across Europe since 1980, and one common explanation for this resurgence is that the backlash to European integration aids radical right parties, which prioritise cultural protectionism in the form of anti-immigration and anti-ethnic minority appeals. In contrast, this article argues that, through the policy-making avenues available to certain parties, but not others, European integration encourages a different form of nationalism in highly regionalised countries: ethnoregionalism, which seeks either greater autonomy or independence for a sub-national unit. By examining how nationalist parties combine both cultural protectionism and ethnoregionalism, and the relative saliency that they attach to each, this article provides a novel way to disentangle the EU’s different potential effects on nationalism. Through a quantitative analysis of party manifestos across 33 European countries for 1980–2019, this article finds that European integration has a significantly stronger effect on the saliency of ethnoregionalism than cultural protectionism. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: [DOI].
Some Subtleties in the Relationships among Heat Kernel Invariants, Eigenvalue Distributions, and Quantum Vacuum Energy
Creators: name: Fulling, S. A.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B27, 35P20, 46F10, 81T55

description: A common tool in Casimir physics (and many other areas) is the asymptotic (high-frequency) expansion of eigenvalue densities, employed as either input or output of calculations of the asymptotic behavior of various Green functions. Here we clarify some fine points and potentially confusing aspects of the subject. In particular, we show how recent observations of Kolomeisky et al. [Phys. Rev. A 87 (2013) 042519] fit into the established framework of the distributional asymptotics of spectral functions.
description: 14 pages; very minor revisions; redirected to J. Phys. A
The GALATEA Test-Facility for High Purity Germanium Detectors
Creators: name: Abt, I.
name: Caldwell, A.
name: Doenmez, B.
name: Garbini, L.
name: Irlbeck, S.
name: Majorovits, B.
name: Palermo, M.
name: Schulz, O.
name: Seitz, H.
name: Stelzer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GALATEA is a test facility designed to investigate bulk and surface effects in high purity germanium detectors. A vacuum tank houses an infrared screened volume with a cooled detector inside. A system of three stages allows an almost complete scan of the detector. The main feature of GALATEA is that there is no material between source and detector. This allows the usage of alpha and beta sources as well as of a laser beam to study surface effects. A 19-fold segmented true-coaxial germanium detector was used for commissioning.
PARTICLES AS COSMIC TIME CAPSULES - UNRAVELING THE UNIVERSE'S HIDDEN SECRETS AT THE QUANTUM SCALE
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Particle Physics
Quantum Mechanics
Cosmic Time Capsules
Information Theory
Subatomic Particles
Teilchenphysik
Quantenmechanik
Kosmische Zeitkapseln
Informationstheorie
Subatomare Teilchen

description: In the captivating realm of particle physics, a groundbreaking hypothesis emerges, suggesting that particles, when scaled down to infinitesimal sizes, might encapsulate the entire cosmic chronicle. This audacious idea challenges conventional understanding, proposing that particles become repositories of information, preserving the echoes of ancient supernovae, the dance of galaxies, and the emergence of life. This article explores the theoretical framework behind this concept, delving into the paradoxical nature of subatomic particles and their potential to transcend classical boundaries. We examine the challenges, counterarguments, and implications of particles serving as cosmic time capsules, discussing the interdisciplinary research avenues, technological advancements, and theoretical developments required to unravel the profound mysteries encoded within these minuscule entities. Through a synthesis of particle physics, quantum mechanics, and information theory, this exploration illuminates the transformative potential of particles, beckoning researchers to embark on a journey that could revolutionize our understanding of the universe's history and the fundamental nature of reality.
 
Im faszinierenden Bereich der Teilchenphysik taucht eine bahnbrechende Hypothese auf, die besagt, dass Teilchen, wenn sie auf verschwindend kleine Größen verkleinert werden, die gesamte kosmische Chronik umfassen könnten. Diese kühne Idee stellt das konventionelle Verständnis in Frage und schlägt vor, dass Teilchen zu Informationsspeichern werden und die Echos antiker Supernovae, den Tanz der Galaxien und die Entstehung von Leben bewahren. Dieser Artikel untersucht den theoretischen Rahmen hinter diesem Konzept und geht dabei auf die paradoxe Natur subatomarer Teilchen und ihr Potenzial ein, klassische Grenzen zu überschreiten. Wir untersuchen die Herausforderungen, Gegenargumente und Implikationen von Teilchen, die als kosmische Zeitkapseln dienen, und diskutieren die interdisziplinären Forschungswege, technologischen Fortschritte und theoretischen Entwicklungen, die erforderlich sind, um die tiefgreifenden Geheimnisse zu entschlüsseln, die in diesen winzigen Einheiten verborgen sind. Durch eine Synthese von Teilchenphysik, Quantenmechanik und Informationstheorie beleuchtet diese Untersuchung das transformative Potenzial von Teilchen und lädt Forscher ein, sich auf eine Reise zu begeben, die unser Verständnis der Geschichte des Universums und der grundlegenden Natur der Realität revolutionieren könnte.
Amenability, extreme amenability, model-theoretic stability, and dependence property in integral logic
Creators: name: Khanaki, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B48, 03C45, 28C10, 43A07

description: This paper has three parts. First, we study and characterize amenable and extremely amenable topological semigroups in terms of invariant measures using integral logic. We prove definability of some properties of a topological semigroup such as amenability and the fixed point on compacta property. Second, we define types and develop local stability in the framework of integral logic. For a stable formula $ϕ$, we prove definability of all complete $ϕ$-types over models and deduce from this the fundamental theorem of stability. Third, we study an important property in measure theory, Talagrand's stability. We point out the connection between Talagrand's stability and dependence property (NIP), and prove a measure theoretic version of definability of types for NIP formulas.
description: 33 pages
Measuring and predicting the radical-right gender gap
Creators: name: Donovan, Todd
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Studies of support for radical-right populist (RRP) parties find the parties generally receive more support from men than women. This note re-examines the persistent RRP gender gap and explains variation in the gap with country and party-level characteristics. It provides two measures of the gap at the party/country level, and offers hypotheses about where it may be higher or lower. These are tested with over 200 observations of support for 32 European RRP parties from surveys conducted between 2001 and 2019. The gender gap is expected to be lower where there is less gender equality as this may correspond with a reduced likelihood of men perceiving a gender threat. The gap is found to be lower in Western European countries with less gender equality, in countries where a larger proportion of the population are Catholic, and the gap is lower for larger RRP parties. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2022.2034091 .
Integrated Marketing Communications: Pushing the Boundaries through Digital Technologies
Creators: name: Koukopoulos, Anastasios
name: Vrechopoulos, Adam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 350604
subject: Marketing communications

description: The evolving nature of Digital Technologies and the continuous diffusion and adoption of innovative technological tools and applications, provide challenging research and business opportunities. Following these evolutions, this study explores the role of Digital Technologies in Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) in the context of Strategic Marketing Planning. The paper briefly presents the latest developments in the field of IMC through a technological perspective and reviews the dynamics and features of three major technologies (Chatbots, Quick Response codes and Augmented and Virtual Reality) as promising tools and methods for effectively applying IMC initiatives. The paper attempts to provide an initial argumentation regarding the role of these technologies in the design and implementation of IMC. Implications for research and practice are provided throughout the paper.
Effect of the deformation operator in the D1D5 CFT
Creators: name: Carson, Zaq
name: Hampton, Shaun
name: Mathur, Samir D.
name: Turton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The D1D5 CFT gives a holographic dual description of a near-extremal black hole in string theory. The interaction in this theory is given by a marginal deformation operator, which is composed of supercharges acting on a twist operator. The twist operator links together different copies of a free CFT. We study the effect of this deformation operator when it links together CFT copies with winding numbers M and N to produce a copy with winding M+N, populated with excitations of a particular form. We compute the effect of the deformation operator in the full supersymmetric theory, firstly on a Ramond-Ramond ground state and secondly on states with an initial bosonic or fermionic excitation. Our results generalize recent work which studied only the bosonic sector of the CFT. Our findings are a step towards understanding thermalization in the D1D5 CFT, which is related to black hole formation and evaporation in the bulk.
description: 54 pages, 3 figures, v3: typos corrected
Studying Inflation with Future Space-Based Gravitational Wave Detectors
Creators: name: Jinno, Ryusuke
name: Moroi, Takeo
name: Takahashi, Tomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent progress in our understanding of the $B$-mode polarization of cosmic microwave background (CMB), which provides important information about the inflationary gravitational waves (IGWs), we study the possibility to acquire information about the early universe using future space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors. We perform a detailed statistical analysis to estimate how well we can determine the reheating temperature after inflation as well as the amplitude, the tensor spectral index, and the running of the inflationary gravitational waves. We discuss how the accuracies depend on noise parameters of the detector and the minimum frequency available in the analysis. Implication of such a study on the test of inflation models is also discussed.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
Government alternation and proximity voting: how policy change opportunities shape electoral behaviour
Creators: name: Plescia, Carolina
name: Zucchini, Francesco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A landmark finding in recent research on electoral behaviour is that voters anticipate the postelection bargaining process among potential members of the governing coalition, and that these anticipated policy agreements inform their vote choice. In this article, this finding is qualified by arguing, and then showing empirically, that when the expected policy change after the elections is marginal or non-existent, ceteris paribus, ‘simple’ proximity voting should prevail. The argument is tested by using two different but complementary research strategies applied to an individual-level data set constructed from electoral surveys in 28 countries over a 20-year period, and two recent national surveys in which respondents were directly asked to predict the potential coalition government after the elections. Both strategies provide support for the hypothesis and have important implications for the understanding of the consequences of government alternation on voting behaviour and political representation more broadly. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021.1994843 .
The rhetorical contestation of populism in four European parliaments (2010–2020)
Creators: name: Casiraghi, Matteo C. M.
name: Bordignon, Margherita
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Studies of the discursive aspect of populism have tended to focus on the rhetorical manifestations of populist discourses, namely how populist politicians ‘talk politics’. However, scant attention has been devoted to how politicians rhetorically characterise the concept of populism itself. This article investigates a corpus (N = 4.835) of parliamentary debates in Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, to assess the different definitions of populism used by politicians and explain any variations found. Results show that the ways that politicians describe populism vary cross-nationally in terms of topics, adjectives and targets. A more positive attitude towards populism is likely for politicians who express anti-elitism and opposition to multiculturalism and corruption, regardless of the topic under discussion. Moreover, the effect of political ideology on politicians’ attitudes towards populism is more pronounced when economic topics are under discussion. Discussing these findings, this study offers interesting implications for the literature on populism, parliamentary affairs, party politics and text analysis. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021.2013655 .
Strong-field tidal distortions of rotating black holes: Formalism and results for circular, equatorial orbits
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, Stephen
name: Hughes, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal coupling between members of a compact binary system can have an interesting and important influence on that binary's dynamical inspiral. Tidal coupling also distorts the binary's members, changing them (at lowest order) from spheres to ellipsoids. At least in the limit of fluid bodies and Newtonian gravity, there are simple connections between the geometry of the distorted ellipsoid and the impact of tides on the orbit's evolution. In this paper, we develop tools for investigating tidal distortions of rapidly rotating black holes using techniques that are good for strong-field, fast-motion binary orbits. We use black hole perturbation theory, so our results assume extreme mass ratios. We develop tools to compute the distortion to a black hole's curvature for any spin parameter, and for tidal fields arising from any bound orbit, in the frequency domain. We also develop tools to visualize the horizon's distortion for black hole spin $a/M \le \sqrt{3}/2$ (leaving the more complicated $a/M > \sqrt{3}/2$ case to a future analysis). We then study how a Kerr black hole's event horizon is distorted by a small body in a circular, equatorial orbit. We find that the connection between the geometry of tidal distortion and the orbit's evolution is not as simple as in the Newtonian limit.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication to Physical Review D. This version corrects a number of typographical errors found when reviewing the page proofs
Dynamics of Robertson-Walker spacetimes with diffusion
Creators: name: Alho, Artur
name: Calogero, Simone
name: Ramos, Maria P. Machado
name: Soares, Ana J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of spatially homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes containing a fluid undergoing microscopic velocity diffusion in a cosmological scalar field. After deriving a few exact solutions of the equations, we continue by analyzing the qualitative behavior of general solutions. To this purpose we recast the equations in the form of a two dimensional dynamical system and perform a global analysis of the flow. Among the admissible behaviors, we find solutions that are asymptotically de-Sitter both in the past and future time direction and which undergo accelerated expansion at all times.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. Matches final version
title: Außerschulische Lernorte im Mathematikunterricht
Creators: name: Balnik, Ben
Year: 2021

description: Das Ausbrechen aus dem klassischen Frontalunterricht gewann in den letzten Jahren an Wichtigkeit, weshalb auch außerschulische Lernorte im Mathematikunterricht Platz finden müssen. In der Mathematik ist der Anwendungsbezug besonders relevant, um die Schü-ler*innen für das Fach begeistern zu können. Diesem Anwendungsbezug wird sich in dieser Arbeit mit zwei Projekten genähert, wobei ein Projekt auch empirisch unter-sucht wird. Die Vorstellung der beiden Projekte Koordinatensystem und Math City Map soll einen Einblick geben, wie diese im Regelunterricht der sechsten Schulstufe umgesetzt wer-den können. Im empirischen Teil der quantitativen Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern sich Aktivität, Motivation und Wettbewerbssituation der Schüler*innen durch die Anwendung der Math City Map verändern. Die qualitative Untersuchung soll das Verbesserungspotenzial der Anwendung der Math City Map zeigen und die Perspektive der Schüler*innen in den Fokus stellen. Dabei wird zwischen positiven und negativen Rückmeldungen unterschieden, die bei der nächsten Durchführung umgesetzt beziehungsweise vermieden werden können. Ziel ist es, Ideen zu außerschulischen Lernsequenzen zu geben und diese mit dem empirischen Teil zu verbinden, um somit bestmöglich auf die Bedürfnisse der Schü-ler*innen eingehen zu können. Im Zuge der Untersuchung wurden 38 Schüler*innen aus der sechsten Schulstufe sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ befragt. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung spre-chen für eine Nutzung der Math City Map im Mathematikunterricht in Hinblick auf Mo-tivation und Aktivität. Darüber hinaus wird auch durch Korrelationen ein Zusammen-hang zwischen einzelnen Items deutlich, der genutzt werden sollte, um noch mehr Metawissen der Lehrenden und Begeisterung der Lernenden zu schaffen.
ElecSus: A program to calculate the electric susceptibility of an atomic ensemble
Creators: name: Zentile, Mark A.
name: Keaveney, James
name: Weller, Lee
name: Whiting, Daniel J.
name: Adams, Charles S.
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computer program and underlying model to calculate the electric susceptibility of a gas, which is essential to predict its absorptive and dispersive properties. Our program focusses on alkali-metal vapours where we use a matrix representation of the atomic Hamiltonian in the completely uncoupled basis in order to calculate transition frequencies and strengths. The program calculates various spectra for a weak-probe laser beam in an atomic medium with an applied axial magnetic field. This allows many optical devices to be designed, such as Faraday rotators/filters, optical isolators and circular polarisation filters. Fitting routines are also provided with the program which allows the user to perform optical metrology by fitting to experimental data.
description: 16 pages, 9 Figures
The technocratic side of populist attitudes: evidence from the Spanish case
Creators: name: Fernández-Vázquez, Pablo
name: Lavezzolo, Sebastián
name: Ramiro, Luis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Populism and technocracy represent a challenge to pluralist party democracies. The first promotes the rule by ‘the people’, while the second demands the rule by independent experts. The literature on populism and technocracy as challenges to party democracy is burgeoning. Less is known about citizens’ attitudes towards the ideas that underpin both populism and technocracy. In this article these opinions are explored in a survey conducted in Spain using a comprehensive battery of items tapping into technocracy and populism. It is found that populist attitudes correlate with two dimensions of technocracy: anti-politics and pro-expertise sentiments. A latent-class analysis shows that the largest sample group simultaneously endorses rule by the people and the enrolment of experts in political decision making. In the article this group is named technopopulists. The article challenges extant views of populism and technocracy as separate alternatives and spurs works on voter demand for the involvement of experts in politics. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2022.2027116 .
Emergence of jams in the generalized totally asymmetric simple exclusion process
Creators: name: Derbyshev, A. E.
name: Povolotsky, A. M.
name: Priezzhev, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) [J. Stat. Mech. P05014 (2012)] is an integrable generalization of the TASEP equipped with an interaction, which enhances the clustering of particles. The process interpolates between two extremal cases: the TASEP with parallel update and the process with all particles irreversibly merging into a single cluster moving as an isolated particle. We are interested in the large time behavior of this process on a ring in the whole range of the parameter $λ$ controlling the interaction. We study the stationary state correlations, the cluster size distribution and the large-time fluctuations of integrated particle current. When $λ$ is finite, we find the usual TASEP-like behavior: The correlation length is finite; there are only clusters of finite size in the stationary state and current fluctuations belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. When $λ$ grows with the system size so does the correlation length. We find a nontrivial transition regime with clusters of all sizes on the lattice. We identify a crossover parameter and derive the large deviation function for particle current, which interpolates between the case considered by Derrida-Lebowitz and a single particle diffusion.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, final revised version, appendix with explicit calculations added, comments on physical meaning of the results added, references updated, mistypes corrected
A Fick-Jacobs equation for channels over 3D curves
Creators: name: Valdes, Carlos Valero
name: Guzman, Rafael Herrera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q62

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide new formulas for the effective diffusion coefficient of a generalized Fick-Jacobs equation for narrow 3-dimensional channels. The generalized Fick-Jacobs equation is obtained by projecting the 3-dimensional diffusion equation along the normal directions of a curve in three dimensional space that roughly resembles the narrow channel. The projection (or dimensional reduction) is achieved by integrating the diffusion equation along the cross sections of the channel contained in the planes orthogonal to the curve. We show that the resulting formula for the associated effective diffusion coefficient can be expressed in terms of the geometric moments of the channel's cross sections and the curve's curvature. We show the effect that a rotating cross section with offset has on the effective diffusion coefficient.
description: Effective diffusion formula for the twisted ellipse was corrected in this version. The cardioid case formula removed and numerical integration used instead. Jacob's changed to Jacobs
Sleep quality and neurohormonal and psychophysiological accompanying factors in adolescents with depressive disorders: study protocol
Creators: name: Krempel, Rebekka
name: Schleicher, Daniel
name: Jarvers, Irina
name: Ecker, Angelika
name: Brunner, Romuald
name: Kandsperger, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adolescence, depression, sleep accelerometry, cortisol awakening response, alpha-amylase
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background Depressive disorders are common mental health problems during adolescence. Many adolescents with depression describe difficulties with sleeping. Findings of previous studies regarding changes in objective sleep quality in adolescents with depressive disorders are heterogeneous. Aims This study aims to investigate differences in objective and subjective sleep quality between adolescents with depressive disorders and healthy peers, and to evaluate if potential changes in sleep occur concurrently with changes in the release of cortisol and alpha-amylase after awakening. Method This non-interventional parallel study examines correlations between depressive disorders, sleep quality and release of stress hormones. Sleep quality in the past 2 weeks, severity of depressive symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities and stress response of 30 adolescents with depressive disorders and 30 healthy controls (N = 60) are assessed via questionnaires. In participants’ home environments, the objective sleep quality of seven consecutive nights is measured by sleep accelerometry. After awakening, participants answer sleep questionnaires to examine the subjective sleep quality of those nights. Furthermore, salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase are measured three times after awakening (+0 min, +30 min and +45 min after awakening). Conclusions Sleep is an important factor for prognosis and well-being in adolescents with depression. The results of this study can be highly valuable to integrate a more detailed examination of sleep quality and sleeping impairments in the treatment of adolescent depressive disorders.
title: Lebensmittel und Nachhaltigkeit als Unterrichtsthema in der Sekundarstufe
Creators: name: Pinter, Andrea
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit widmet sich dem didaktischen Kontext des Themenfeldes "Lebensmittel und Nachhaltigkeit". Neben einer Einführung in die Thematik auf fachwissenschaftlicher Ebene wird auch analysiert, inwiefern das Themenfeld im fachdidaktischen Kontext präsent ist. Obwohl die Bedeutung der Thematik im gesellschaftlichen Kontext besonders groß geschrieben wird, findet diese im Setting Schule kaum eine didaktische Umsetzung, vor allem nicht in digitalen Lernformaten. Aufgrund dessen werden im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit Kriterien geleitet entwickelte, digitale Unterrichtsmaterialien für die Sekundarstufe I vorgestellt, welche neben den fachlichen Inhalten vorrangig die Präkonzepte der Schüler*innen berücksichtigen. Der Fokus der Unterrichtsmaterialien liegt auf einzelnen Teilgebieten des Themenfeldes "Lebensmittel und Nachhaltigkeit". Diese Materialien werden anhand der Auswertungen der von den Schüler*innen bearbeiteten Unterrichtsmaterialien, der Feedbackbögen der Schüler*innen, des Transkripts des Expert*innengesprächs und durch die Feldnotizen der Lehrperson bei der Erprobung evaluiert. Zudem wird durch die Dokumentation der Arbeitsschritte exemplarisch gezeigt, auf welche Art und Weise bei der Entwicklung, Erprobung und Evaluierung solcher digitaler Unterrichtsmaterialien systematisch didaktisch vorgegangen werden kann.
description: The master’s thesis is dedicated to the didactic context of the topic "food and sustainability". In addition to an introduction to the subject on a technical level, the extent to which the topic is present in the didactic context is also analyzed. Although the topic is particularly important in the social context, it is hardly ever didactically implemented in the school setting, especially not in digital learning formats. Due to this, specially developed, digital teaching materials for secondary level I are presented in the context of this master’s thesis, which, in addition to the technical content, primarily take into account the preconceptions of the learners. The focus of the teaching materials is on individual sub-areas of the topic "food and sustainability". These materials are evaluated on the basis of the evaluations of the teaching materials processed by the students, the feedback forms from the students, the transcript of the expert discussion and the field notes made by the teacher during the trial. In addition, the documentation of the work steps exemplarily shows in which manner the development, testing and evaluation of such digital teaching materials can be approached systematically didactic.
Projected Constraints on Scalarization with Gravitational Waves from Neutron Star Binaries
Creators: name: Sampson, Laura
name: Yunes, Nicolas
name: Cornish, Neil
name: Ponce, Marcelo
name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Klein, Antoine
name: Palenzuela, Carlos
name: Lehner, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain scalar-tensor theories have the property of endowing stars with scalar hair, sourced either by the star's own compactness (spontaneous scalarization) or, for binary systems, by the companion's scalar hair (induced scalarization) or by the orbital binding energy (dynamical scalarization). Scalarized stars in binaries present different conservative dynamics than in General Relativity, and can also excite a scalar mode in the metric perturbation that carries away dipolar radiation. As a result, the binary orbit shrinks faster than predicted in General Relativity, modifying the rate of decay of the orbital period. In spite of this, scalar-tensor theories can pass existing binary pulsar tests, because observed pulsars may not be compact enough or sufficiently orbitally bound to activate scalarization. Gravitational waves emitted during the last stages of compact binary inspirals are thus ideal probes of scalarization effects. For the standard projected sensitivity of advanced LIGO, we here show that, if neutron stars are sufficiently compact to enter the detector's sensitivity band already scalarized, then gravitational waves could place constraints at least comparable to binary pulsars. If the stars dynamically scalarize while inspiraling in band, then constraints are still possible provided the scalarization occurs sufficiently early in the inspiral, roughly below an orbital frequency of 50Hz. In performing these studies, we derive an easy-to-calculate data analysis measure, an integrated phase difference between a General Relativistic and a modified signal, that maps directly to the Bayes factor so as to determine whether a modified gravity effect is detectable. Finally, we find that custom-made templates are equally effective as model-independent, parameterized post-Einsteinian waveforms at detecting such modified gravity effects at realistic signal-to-noise ratios.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Version resubmitted to PRD after referee report. Discussion added to the conclusions addressing questions raised in arXiv:1410.0738
$\rm^{13}CO$ Filaments in the Taurus Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Panopoulou, G. V.
name: Tassis, K.
name: Goldsmith, P. F.
name: Heyer, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a search for filamentary structures in the Taurus molecular cloud using $\rm^{13}CO$ line emission data from the FCRAO survey of $\rm \sim100 \, deg^2$. We have used the topological analysis tool, DisPerSe, and post-processed its results to include a more strict definition of filaments that requires an aspect ratio of at least 3:1 and cross section intensity profiles peaked on the spine of the filament. In the velocity-integrated intensity map only 10 of the hundreds of filamentary structures identified by DisPerSe comply with our criteria. Unlike Herschel analyses, which find a characteristic width for filaments of $\rm \sim0.1 \, pc$, we find a much broader distribution of profile widths in our structures, with a peak at 0.4 pc. Furthermore, even if the identified filaments are cylindrical objects, their complicated velocity structure and velocity dispersions imply that they are probably gravitationally unbound. Analysis of velocity channel maps reveals the existence of hundreds of `velocity-coherent' filaments. The distribution of their widths is peaked at lower values (0.2 pc) while the fluctuation of their peak intensities is indicative of stochastic origin. These filaments are suppressed in the integrated intensity map due to the blending of diffuse emission from different velocities. Conversely, integration over velocities can cause filamentary structures to appear. Such apparent filaments can also be traced, using the same methodology, in simple simulated maps consisting of randomly placed cores. They have profile shapes similar to observed filaments and contain most of the simulated cores.
description: 20 pages, 28 figures. Accepted in MNRAS. Code available at https://bitbucket.org/ginpan/filter
Probabilistic inference in discrete spaces can be implemented into networks of LIF neurons
Creators: name: Probst, Dimitri
name: Petrovici, Mihai A.
name: Bytschok, Ilja
name: Bill, Johannes
name: Pecevski, Dejan
name: Schemmel, Johannes
name: Meier, Karlheinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The means by which cortical neural networks are able to efficiently solve inference problems remains an open question in computational neuroscience. Recently, abstract models of Bayesian computation in neural circuits have been proposed, but they lack a mechanistic interpretation at the single-cell level. In this article, we describe a complete theoretical framework for building networks of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons that can sample from arbitrary probability distributions over binary random variables. We test our framework for a model inference task based on a psychophysical phenomenon (the Knill-Kersten optical illusion) and further assess its performance when applied to randomly generated distributions. As the local computations performed by the network strongly depend on the interaction between neurons, we compare several types of couplings mediated by either single synapses or interneuron chains. Due to its robustness to substrate imperfections such as parameter noise and background noise correlations, our model is particularly interesting for implementation on novel, neuro-inspired computing architectures, which can thereby serve as a fast, low-power substrate for solving real-world inference problems.
Charge ordering in three-band models of the cuprates
Creators: name: Thomson, Alexandra
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine trends in the wavevectors and form-factors of charge density wave instabilities of three-band models of the underdoped cuprates. For instabilities from a high temperature state with a large Fermi surface, we extend a study by Bulut et al. (arXiv:1305.3301) to include a direct antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the Cu sites. As in previous work, we invariably find that the primary instability has a diagonal wavevector $(\pm Q_0, \pm Q_0)$ and a $d$-form factor. The experimentally observed wavevectors along the principal axes $(\pm Q_0,0)$, $(0, \pm Q_0)$ have higher energy, but they also have a predominantly $d$-form factor. Next, we gap out the Fermi surface in the anti-nodal regions of the Brillouin zone by including static, long-range antiferromagnetic order at the wavevector $(π, π)$: this is a simple model of the pseudogap in which we assume the antiferromagnetic order averages to zero by `renormalized classical' thermal fluctuations in its orientation, valid when the antiferromagnetic correlation length is large. The charge density wave instabilities of this pseudogap state are found to have the optimal wavevector $(\pm Q_0,0)$, $(0, \pm Q_0)$, with the magnitude of the $d$-form factor decreasing with increasing magnetic order.
description: 20+15 pages, 9 figures
Look where you’re going: the cultural and economic explanations of class voting decline
Creators: name: Angelucci, Davide
name: Vittori, Davide
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Scholars have shown a consistent decline in class voting over time, arguing that social class no longer structures political competition. Yet, the loss of the explanatory power of social class should be attributed to the shift of left-wing parties towards less friendly issue positions for their class-based electorate and not entirely to demand-side explanations. This article focuses on the explanatory factors underpinning the decline of class voting, in particular economic and cultural ones. It does so by relying on a longitudinal dataset including survey data from the EES and party manifesto data from the CMP over the last 25 years in 12 European countries. Results show that when class-based parties adopt pro-labour positions, class voting is reinforced. By contrast, when class-bloc parties stand out for their pro-multiculturalism positions, class voting weakens significantly. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021.1987108 .
A Rich Tapestry: Supersymmetric Axions, Dark Radiation, and Inflationary Reheating
Creators: name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
name: Sinha, Kuver
name: Wester, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the complementarity among supersymmetry, inflation, axions, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) to constrain supersymmetric axion models in the light of the recent Planck and BICEP results. In particular, we derive BBN bounds coming from altering the light element abundances by taking into account hadronic and electromagnetic energy injection, and CMB constraints from black-body spectrum distortion. Lastly, we outline the viable versus excluded region of these supersymetric models that might account for the mild dark radiation observed.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Varespladib methyl - Molecule of the Month November 2023 [Archived version]
Creators: name: May, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 349999
subject: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for November 2023 about Varespladib methyl. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
title: Offenbarungsverständnis zwischen Universalitätsanspruch und Historizitätsrelevanz
Creators: name: Demirbas, Muhammed
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der Universalität und Historizität von Offenbarung im jüdischen und islamischen Denken, um nach ideengeschichtlichen Berührungspunkten zwischen den in beiden Traditionen entwickelten Ansätzen zu suchen. Ausgangspunkt ist dabei die Frage nach dem universellen und partikularen Gehalt der Offenbarungsinhalte im Judentum und Islam, die sich im Hinblick auf das Phänomen der Geschichtlichkeit menschlicher Weltbezüge ergibt. Im Zuge der untersuchten Diskurse im jüdischen und islamischen Denken hat sich gezeigt, dass insbesondere die Wissenschaft des Judentums mit den Arbeiten von Abraham Geiger als Berührungspunkt zwischen der kritischen Forschung des biblischen Schrifttums sowie des Korans fungiert. Überdies ist als Ergebnis der gegenüberstellenden Reflexion festzuhalten, dass – obgleich aus unterschiedlichen historischen Erfahrungskontexten und geistigen Voraussetzungen entstanden – Diskurse im jüdischen und islamischen Denken im Hinblick auf die Historisierung der Offenbarungsschriften in wesentlichen Punkten konvergieren.
Multiplicative errors in the galaxy power spectrum: self-calibration of unknown photometric systematics for precision cosmology
Creators: name: Shafer, Daniel L.
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general method to "self-calibrate" observations of galaxy clustering with respect to systematics associated with photometric calibration errors. We first point out the danger posed by the multiplicative effect of calibration errors, where large-angle error propagates to small scales and may be significant even if the large-scale information is cleaned or not used in the cosmological analysis. We then propose a method to measure the arbitrary large-scale calibration errors and use these measurements to correct the small-scale (high-multipole) power which is most useful for constraining the majority of cosmological parameters. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on synthetic examples and briefly discuss how it may be applied to real data.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; very minor changes to match the published version