Tabanus trivittatus Fabricius 1805
Creators: name: Carmo, Daniel D. D.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Tabanus
Tabanus trivittatus

description: Key for females of Tabanus trivittatus species-group. Adapted from Fairchild (1976)
1 Subcallus largely pruinescent, bare areas reduced to patches above each antennal base, separated by a median pruinescent stripe (Fig. 10C). Abdomen acutely pointed. All coxae, fore femur and at least bases of remaining femora black. Antennal style contrastingly black, postpedicel yellow, but slightly longer than style, its dorsal angle rounded. Abdomen pale haired beneath, unbanded, the dorsal mid stripe of a series connected slender triangles, dorsolateral stripes broader. Pacific coast of Panama (Fig. 33)...................................................................................... T. enanus
- Subcallus extensively bare, without pruinescent mid stripe (Figs. 1C, 5C, 7C, 9C, 11C). Abdomen not regularly pointed.... 2
2 Abdomen with conspicuous color contrast, first two or three tergites brownish yellow with yellow hairs, the remainder dark brown with black hairs (Fig. 3A). Fore femur brown, mid and hind femora with brownish yellow integument, frequently infuscated at the base, never whole black. Subcallus relatively flattened (Fig. 3D). Abdomen unbanded ventrally. Frons clearly divergent. South Panama to Northwestern Colombia (Fig. 33)........................................... T. aniptus
- Abdomen without contrast, if present, not evident. A different combination of characters............................. 3
3 Frons broad, height four times the basal width (Fig. 21C). Scutum with sides, including notopleuron, posterior portion, scutellum and a pair of dorsolateral integumental stripes, pale (Figure 21A). Legs yellow except tip of fore tibia. Antenna wholly yellow orange. Abdomen wholly pale-haired beneath, the dorsal mid stripe narrow and continuous, the dorsolateral stripes a series of separate oval patches (Fig. 21A). Paraguay, Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) (Fig. 36)................... T. schadei
- Frons narrow at least six times as high as basal width. Scutum uniformly colored, no more than notopleuron and scutellum paler................................................................................................ 4
4 Abdomen black or dark brown with a single prominent continuous pale median stripe from first to sixth tergite (Fig. 5A and 27A), very rarely with faint indications of dorsolateral pale stripes on tergite 1 or tergites 1 and 2. Wings distinctly brownish especially along fore border and apex. All coxae and femora mostly black. Abdomen distinctly banded ventrally.......... 5
- Abdomen with evident dorsolateral stripes at least to tergite 3 (Figs. 7A, 10A, 11A, 12A)............................ 7
5 Smaller species, generally less than 10 mm long. Antenna with style darker, generally black and contrasting, or postpedicel partly or wholly dusky (Fig. 27D). Wings less dark. Guatemala to western Colombia, Ecuador and Peru (Fig. 34).................................................................................................... T. unistriatus
- Larger species, generally over 10 mm in length. Antenna wholly reddish orange. Wing intensely smoky, cell r1 and r2+3 almost black.......................................................................................... 6
6 All femora black. Brazil (Acre and Amazonas). Eastern Peru and Ecuador (Fig. 34).................... T. argentivittatus
- All femora yellow, at most with the hind femur dusky. Peru (Huánuco) (Fig. 34)............. T. argentivittatus huallagensis
7 Notopleuron dark, concolorous with scutum (better visualized with integument moistening or scraping)................. 8
- Notopleuron paler than adjacent scutum (better visualized with integument moistening or scraping)................... 12
8 Postpedicel long, nearly or longer than twice the length of antennal style (Fig. 25D). Dorsal tooth close to postpedicel base. 9
- Postpedicel shorter, sometimes nearly as long as wide. Style length obviously longer than half postpedicel length (Figs. 7D, 14D, 16D).......................................................................................... 10
9 All coxae and femora black (Fig. 25C). Colombia. Venezuela. Guyana. Surinam, French Guiana. Brazil (Amazon region). Peru. Bolivia (Fig. 34)......................................................................... T. trivittatus
- All coxae, mid and hind femora yellow (Fig. 12C). Northern Brazil (Pará, Maranhão) (Fig. 34)......... T. mackerrasi sp.n.
10 All coxae and femora black or dark brown. Wings light gray (Fig. 7B). Eastern Colombia and Peru. Southern Venezuela. Guyana. Brazil (Amazon basin) (Fig. 31).............................................................. T. callosus
- Mid and hind femora brownish yellow or dusky only at the base, never all black. Coxae variable. Wings weakly to strongly infuscated.......................................................................................... 11
11 Femora yellow (Figure 16B). Callus black, clearly inflated in lateral view (Fig. 16D). Wings strongly infuscated. Eastern Peru, Brazil (Acre) (Fig. 31)....................................................................... T. picicallosus
- Fore femur black, mid and hind femora blackish at the base, yellow at apex (Fig. 14B). Callus light brown, slightly inflated in lateral view (Fig. 14D). Wings only weakly infuscated at radial cells. Eastern Peru and Bolivia, Brazil (Acre) (Fig. 34)........................................................................................... T. noncallosus sp.n.
12(7) Postpedicel long and slender (Fig. 13D), similar to T. trivittatus, nearly or longer than twice the length of the antennal style. Dorsal tooth close to postpedicel base. Northern Brazil (Pará, Maranhão) (Fig. 36)................... T. macrocerus sp. n.
- Postpedicel short and stout (Figs. 9D, 11D and 18D). Style nearly the same length as postpedicel, sometimes longer. Dorsal tooth dislocated toward middle of postpedicel.............................................................. 13
13 All coxae integument mainly yellow. Fore femur yellow to brownish yellow, remaining femora wholly pale (Fig. 11B)... 14
- At least fore coxa darker than the remainder. Fore femur brown to black, remaining femora at least blackish at the base or darker than tibiae..................................................................................... 18
14 Fore tibia obscurely bicolored, basal half to 2/3 yellow with pale hairs, remaining1/3 yellow to brownish yellow with black hairs. Fore femur mainly pale haired..................................................................... 15
- Fore tibia clearly bicolored, basal half to 2/3 yellow or white, the remaining 1/3 black and black haired (Fig. 18B). Fore femur mainly black haired................................................................................... 16
15 Frons twice as wide at vertex than at the base (Fig. 11A). Postpedicel nearly as long as wide (Fig. 11D). Dorsolateral stripes even to tergite 3, interrupted from 4 to 6. Peru and Bolivia (East of Andes) (Fig. 31)............................. T. isis
- Frons less convergent (Fig. 24A). Postpedicel longer than wide (Fig. 24D). Dorsolateral stripes continuous to tergite 5, sometimes 6. Coast of Suriname, French Guiana and Brazil (Pará) (Fig. 35).................................. T. tristichus
16 Integument of scutum red to reddish brown. Fore femur mainly pale haired, black haired only on anterior region. Middorsal stripe a slender series of connected triangles. Dorsolateral a series of disconnected patches from tergite 1-6 (Fig. 9A). (Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Tocantins and Federal District) (Fig. 35)..................... T. dorsorufus sp.n.
- Integument of scutum darker. Fore femur mainly black haired. Middorsal abdominal stripe broad and more even. Dorsolateral abdominal stripes variable (Figs. 1A, 18A)................................................................ 17
17 Dorsolateral abdominal stripes a series of disconnected patches. Frons narrower (F.I. 8.4) (Fig. 1A). Northwestern Brazil (Acre, Rondônia) (Fig. 32).............................................................. T. albocapillus sp. n.
- All Abdominal stripes even, yellow (Fig. 18A). Frons broader (F.I. 6.4). Eastern Colombia, Peru and Bolivia, Brazil and northern Argentina (Fig. 35)..................................................................... T. restrepoensis
18(13) Postpedicel nearly as long as wide (Fig. 19D). Pruinescence at dorsal area of subcallus (Fig. 19C) more extensive than other species except, T. enanus. Dorsolateral stripes extending into tergite 5 (Fig. 19A). Mexico (Nayarit, Jalisco, Morelos) (Fig. 33).......................................................................................... T. rhizonshine
- Postpedicel clearly longer than wide (Figs. 15D, 17D and 22D). Pruinescence of dorsal area on subcallus not so extensive (Fig. 15C). Dorsolateral abdominal stripes variable.............................................................. 19
19 Frons broad (Frontal index less than 6.0), strongly divergent above, more than twice as wide at vertex than at base (Fig. 15C). Abdominal stripes even (Fig. 15A). Argentina (Salta, Catamarca, Misiones). Brazilian Cerrado (Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Goiás, São Paulo) and Paraguay (Villarica, Cerro Pelado) (Fig. 32)...................................... T. palpalis
- Frons narrower and less divergent. Middorsal abdominal stripe a series of connected triangles. Dorsolateral disconnected.. 20
20 Dorsolateral stripes reaching tergite 5, sometimes 6 (Fig. 22A). Wings always glass clear. Amazon basin (Fig. 32).................................................................................................. T. sextriangulus
- Dorsolateral stripes reaching tergite 4 (Fig. 17A). Wings glass clear or lightly infuscated. Panama to western Ecuador (Fig. 33)........................................................................................... T. platycerus
description: Published as part of Carmo, Daniel D. D. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2019, Taxonomy of Tabanus trivittatus species-group (Diptera: Tabanidae), with description of five new species, pp. 63-100 in Zootaxa 4554 (1) on pages 64-65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4554.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2623296