cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of combustion chamber design on turbulence, cyclic variation and performance in an SI engine
Creators: name: Tippett, Esther Claire
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An experimental program of motored and fired tests has been undertaken on a single cylinder spark ignition engine to determine the influence of combustion chamber design on turbulence enhancement in the achievement of fast lean operation. Flow field measurements were taken using hot wire anemometry in the cylinder during motored operation. On line performance tests and in-cylinder pressure data were recorded for the operation of the engine by natural gas at lean and stoichiometric conditions over a range of speed and loads. Squish and squish jet action methods of turbulence enhancement were investigated for six configurations, using a standard bathtub cylinder head and new piston designs incorporating directed jets through a raised wall, a standard bowl-in-piston chamber and an original squish jet design piston. A non squish comparison was provided by a disc chamber. Peak Pressure and Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP), two parameters characterizing performance and cyclic variability, showed that enhanced turbulence by combustion chamber geometry is effective in improving performance at lean operation. The single jet action directed towards the spark was most effective in improving the efficiency at high speed and lean mixtures. The addition of jets to the single jet, or jet channels to the main squish action of the bowl- in-piston chamber, reduced performance and increased cyclic variability. Mass fraction burn analysis of the cylinder pressure data showed that squish action was most effective in the main burn period. Configurations with large squish area and centrally located spark produced the greatest reduction in both the initial and main burn periods. The potential for the squish jet action to improve engine drivability and increase the knock limit was exhibited in reduced coefficient of variance of IMEP and reduced ignition advance requirements. Directions for further research to exploit this potential for engines operated by alternative fuels are identified.
Spectral-temporal features of repeating ( one-off ) FRBs and Axion Star
Creators: name: Iwazaki, Aiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast radio bursts ( FRBs ) are energetic radio bursts with millisecond duration only observed at radio frequencies. The generation mechanism is still mysterious. We have proposed a generation mechanism of both repeating and one-off FRBs. They arise from the axion star collision with neutron star or magnetized accretion disk of galactic black hole. Once we accept the existence of the axions, we find that the mechanism well explain previously observed spectral-temporal features. In this paper we show that it also explains recently observed phenomena such as downward drifting in the repeating FRBs, etc.. Analysis of the downward drifting based on Doppler effects has been presented in recent papers, in which a superradiance system of molecular or atom has been proposed as a source of FRBs. We apply the analysis to our mechanism and find that it well explains the relation between the downward drifting rate and the duration of the repeating FRBs. The Doppler effects lead to the fact that the duration of radio burst with higher center frequency is shorter than that of radio burst with lower center frequency in the repeating FRBs. Our generation mechanism naturally explain polarization angle swing observed in the repeating FRB180301 and one-off FRBs. We also discuss the association between the FRB200428 and magnetar SGR J1935+2154. The X ray burst observed just after the observation of the FRB could be triggered by the axion star collision with the magnetar. We also explain the consistency of our generation mechanism with observed spectral-temporal differences in the repeating and one-off FRBs, e.g. longer duration ( smaller flux density ) of repeating FRBs than duration ( flux density ) of one-off FRBs.
description: 15 Pages, no figure, To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Generalized Taylor dispersion for translationally invariant microfluidic systems
Creators: name: Alexandre, Arthur
name: Guérin, Thomas
name: Dean, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Taylor dispersion for tracer particles in micro-fluidic planar channels with strong confinement. In this context, the channel walls modify the local diffusivity tensor and also interactions between the tracer particles and the walls become important. We provide a simple and general formula for the effective diffusion constant along the channel as well as the first non-trivial finite time correction for arbitrary flows along the channel, arbitrary interaction potentials with the walls and arbitrary expressions for the diffusion tensor. The formula are in particular amenable to a straightforward numerical implementation, rendering them extremely useful for comparison with experiments. We present a number of applications, notably for systems which have parabolically varying diffusivity profiles, to systems with attractive interactions with the walls as well as electroosmotic flows between plates with differing surface charges within the Debye-Hückel approximation.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures
Kauffman Boolean model in undirected scale free networks
Creators: name: Fronczak, Piotr
name: Fronczak, Agata
name: Holyst, Janusz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate analytically and numerically the critical line in undirected random Boolean networks with arbitrary degree distributions, including scale-free topology of connections $P(k)\sim k^{-γ}$. We show that in infinite scale-free networks the transition between frozen and chaotic phase occurs for $3
Dissipation of Magnetic Flux in Primordial Star Formation: From Run-away Phase to Mass Accretion Phase
Creators: name: Maki, Hideki
name: Susa, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dissipation of magnetic flux in primordial star-forming clouds throughout their collapse including the run-away collapse phase as well as the accretion phase. We solve the energy equation and the non-equilibrium chemical reactions in the collapsing gas, in order to obtain the radial distribution of the ionized fraction during the collapse. As a result, we find the ionized fraction is high enough for the magnetic field to couple with the gas throughout the evolution of the cloud. This result suggests that the jet formation from protostars as well as the activation of magneto-rotational instability in the accretion disk are enabled in the presence of the cosmological seed magnetic flux proposed by Langer et al.(2003).
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, PASJ accepted
Η εξέλιξη της αρχιτεκτονικής και της οικοδομικής τέχνης στη Σαντορίνη από τη βενετοκρατία μέχρι τον σεισμό του 1956
Creators: name: Ριτζούλη, Αικατερίνη Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Σαντορίνη
Βενετοκρατία
Κυκλάδες
Θηραϊκή γη
Santorini
Venetocracy
Aegean
Theran pozzolan

description: Αντικείμενο της διατριβής αποτελεί η αρχιτεκτονική κληρονομιά της Σαντορίνης (Θήρας) από την εποχή της βενετοκρατίας (1204) μέχρι και τον καταστροφικό σεισμό του νησιού το 1956. Στόχος της είναι η ανάλυση και μελέτη των κτιρίων της περιόδου (1204-1956) και η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων σχετικά με την εξέλιξη των κατασκευών του χρονολογημένου κτιριακού αποθέματος. Η μεθοδολογία που εφαρμόζεται, βασίζεται στον διαχωρισμό της μεγάλης περιόδου μελέτης σε τρεις επιμέρους: τη βενετική, την οθωμανική και τη νεοελληνική. Κάθε περίοδος εξετάζεται ως προς το ιστορικό της πλαίσιο και, εντός αυτής, τεκμηριώνεται η χρονολόγηση των κτιρίων υπό μελέτη. Τα επιλεγμένα κτίρια εντάσσονται στις επιμέρους περιόδους και διερευνώνται από αρχιτεκτονικής άποψης, ως προς την τυπολογία και τη μορφολογία τους. Στη συνέχεια, η κατασκευή τους αναλύεται στα επιμέρους δομικά τους στοιχεία (θεμελιώσεις, τοιχοποιίες, δώματα, δάπεδα, κονιάματα κ.α.) και καταγράφονται ανά χρονική περίοδο. Στο τέλος, πραγματοποιείται η συγκριτική ανάλυση όλων των επιμέρους στοιχείων, αρχιτεκτονικών και δομικών. Τα συμπεράσματα αποδεικνύουν την εξελικτική πορεία των αρχιτεκτονικών και κατασκευαστικών στοιχείων και των συνόλων των τριών περιόδων. Η εργασία περιλαμβάνει μεγάλο όγκο σχεδίων, εικόνων και άλλου αδημοσίευτου πρωτογενούς και αρχειακού υλικού.
description: The subject of the thesis is the architectural heritage of Santorini since the Venetian rule (1204) until the devastating earthquake on the island, in 1956. Its aim is to analyze and study the buildings of this period and to draw conclusions on the evolution of its architecture and construction. The methodology applied, is based on the separation of this long study period (1204-1956) into three: the Venetian, Ottoman and modern Greek. The historical context of each period is analyzed and the buildings under study are documented chronologically. The chosen constructions are placed under a period and they are analyzed architecturally, through their typology and morphology. The construction types of each period are studied separately, through their structural elements (foundations, walls, roofs, floors, mortars etc.). The final work is a combining study, achieved through the overall comparative analysis of the architecture and construction during the chosen period. The conclusions demonstrate and prove the evolution of the architectural and structural components and constructions of the three periods. The work includes numerous designs, images and other primary, unpublished and archival material.
Adaptive control of the milling process
Creators: name: Ordubadi, Fariborz Talebzade
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Cutting forces in the milling process vary depending on the work-piece geometry and cutting parameters. When the cutting forces exceed a certain limit, the tool may break and cause damage to the work-piece and eventually to the machine tool. Adaptive cutting force control systems can be used to manipulate cutting operation parameters in order to keep the cutting forces at a safe level. Successful application of the method leads to increased metal removal rate and productivity in machining processes. In this thesis, a second order transfer function is used to represent the time invariant dynamics of a research milling machine's feed drive servo system. The command feed velocity is the input and the actual feed is the output of the servo system. The actual feed manipulates the cutting forces which are modelled by a first order time varying dynamic system. Three existing adaptive control methods have been designed to control the milling process. Adaptive Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), Pole-Placement and Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) algorithms have been simulated and experimentally verified. It has been shown that when the dynamics of both the time invariant servo and the time variant cutting process are modelled correctly, the adaptive control algorithms can perform well. Simulations and experiments, which have been carried out with identical cutting conditions, show that PID and Pole-Placement controllers can be successfully applied to milling force control.
Society for Mathematical Biology Annual Meeting - 2023 Workshop: Bridging multiscale modeling and practical clinical applications in infectious diseases
Creators: name: Shabman, Reed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 499999
subject: Other mathematical sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400603
subject: Molecular, biological, and multi-scale communications
classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 320211
subject: Infectious diseases

description: On July 19th, 2023, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) co-organized a workshop with the Society of Mathematical Biology (SMB), with the authors of this paper as the organizing committee. The workshop, “Bridging multiscale modeling and practical clinical applications in infectious diseases” sought to create an environment for mathematical modelers, statisticians, and infectious disease researchers and clinicians to exchange ideas and perspectives. The attached is the workshop booklet was provided to attendees.
Reduced Precision Strategies for Deep Learning: A High Energy Physics Generative Adversarial Network Use Case
Creators: name: Rehm, Florian
name: Vallecorsa, Sofia
name: Saletore, Vikram
name: Pabst, Hans
name: Chaibi, Adel
name: Codreanu, Valeriu
name: Borras, Kerstin
name: Krücker, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning is finding its way into high energy physics by replacing traditional Monte Carlo simulations. However, deep learning still requires an excessive amount of computational resources. A promising approach to make deep learning more efficient is to quantize the parameters of the neural networks to reduced precision. Reduced precision computing is extensively used in modern deep learning and results to lower execution inference time, smaller memory footprint and less memory bandwidth. In this paper we analyse the effects of low precision inference on a complex deep generative adversarial network model. The use case which we are addressing is calorimeter detector simulations of subatomic particle interactions in accelerator based high energy physics. We employ the novel Intel low precision optimization tool (iLoT) for quantization and compare the results to the quantized model from TensorFlow Lite. In the performance benchmark we gain a speed-up of 1.73x on Intel hardware for the quantized iLoT model compared to the initial, not quantized, model. With different physics-inspired self-developed metrics, we validate that the quantized iLoT model shows a lower loss of physical accuracy in comparison to the TensorFlow Lite model.
description: Submitted at ICPRAM 2021; from CERN openlab - Intel collaboration
Network of inherent structures in spin glasses: scaling and scale-free distributions
Creators: name: Burda, Z.
name: Krzywicki, A.
name: Martin, O. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local minima (inherent structures) of a system and their associated transition links give rise to a network. Here we consider the topological and distance properties of such a network in the context of spin glasses. We use steepest descent dynamics, determining for each disorder sample the transition links appearing within a given barrier height. We find that differences between linked inherent structures are typically associated with local clusters of spins; we interpret this within a framework based on droplets in which the characteristic ``length scale'' grows with the barrier height. We also consider the network connectivity and the degrees of its nodes. Interestingly, for spin glasses based on random graphs, the degree distribution of the network of inherent structures exhibits a non-trivial scale-free tail.
description: minor changes and references added
Sensitivity of SKA to dark matter induced radio emission
Creators: name: Chen, Zhanfang
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Yuan, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventionally, one can constrain the dark matter (DM) interaction with DM mass heavier than GeV by searching for DM induced synchrotron emission in the radio frequency band. However, an MeV DM can also generate detectable radio emission if electrons and positrons produced by DM annihilation or decay undergoes inverse Compton scattering (ICS) with the cosmic microwave background. The upcoming radio telescope Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is designed to operate with extremely high sensitivity. We investigate the capability of the SKA to detect DM particles in a board mass range from MeV to TeV, for both annihilation and decay scenarios. In this paper, we consider the sensitivities of the future SKA first and second phase (SKA1 and SKA2). As a comprehensive study, we systematically study the impacts on the DM-induced signal computation from the magnetic field strengths and particle diffusion coefficients. We compare the detection potential of four very different sources: two dwarf spheroidal galaxies (Draco and Segue 1), one radio-poor cluster (A2199), and one DM-rich ultra-diffuse galaxy (Dragonfly 44). We project the SKA1 and SKA2 sensitivities with the exposure of 100 hours on the annihilation cross section and decay time for DM mass from MeV to TeV by considering two different leptonic final states $e^+ e^-$ and $μ^+μ^-$.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. Replaced to match version accepted for publication in JCAP, the SKA sensitivity updated
Hierarchical mergers of stellar-mass black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures
Creators: name: Gerosa, Davide
name: Fishbach, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review theoretical findings, astrophysical modeling, and current gravitational-wave evidence of hierarchical stellar-mass black-hole mergers. While most of the compact binary mergers detected by LIGO and Virgo are expected to consist of first-generation black holes formed from the collapse of stars, others might instead be of second (or higher) generation, containing the remnants of previous black-hole mergers. Such a subpopulation of hierarchically assembled black holes presents distinctive gravitational-wave signatures, namely higher masses, possibly within the pair-instability mass gap, and dimensionless spins clustered at the characteristic value of $\sim$0.7. In order to produce hierarchical mergers, astrophysical environments need to overcome the relativistic recoils imparted to black-hole merger remnants, a condition which prefers hosts with escape speeds $\gtrsim$ 100 km/s. Promising locations for efficient production of hierarchical mergers include nuclear star clusters and accretion disks surrounding active galactic nuclei, though environments that are less efficient at retaining merger products such as globular clusters may still contribute significantly to the detectable population of repeated mergers. While GW190521 is the single most promising hierarchical-merger candidate to date, constraints coming from large population analyses are becoming increasingly more powerful.
description: Review article. 14 pages, 2 figures. Published in Nature Astronomy
EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING SPEAKING AND PRONUNCIATION
Creators: name: Abdullayeva, Hulkar
name: Axmedova, Muyassar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Speaking and pronunciation are crucial aspects of language acquisition, particularly in English, where clarity in communication can significantly impact both social and academic success. For learners, mastering speaking and pronunciation skills is not just about verbalizing words but also about conveying meaning effectively and sounding natural. This article explores the effective techniques for teaching speaking and pronunciation, providing educators with strategies to help their students improve these essential language skills.
Interactions of G-quadruplex binders and Topoisomerase I inhibitors in cancer cells
Creators: name: Tiang, Yee Peng <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: BIO/11 Biologia molecolare

description: Top1-DNA cleavage complexes (Top1ccs) trigger an accumulation of antisense RNAPII transcripts specifically at active divergent CpG-island promoters in a replication independent and Top1 dependent manner, leading to transcription-dependent genome instability and altered transcription regulation. Using different cancer cell lines of colon and osteo origins, we show that they display different sensitivity to CPT and G4 binder that is independent from Top1 level. To look at the interactions between Top1 and G4, we show that co-treatment with G4 binders potentiate the cell cytotoxicity of CPT regardless of the treatment sequences. Potentiation is indicated by a reduced inhibition concentration (IC50) with a more profound cytotoxicity in CPT-resistant cell lines, HCT15 and U2OS, hence, indicating an interaction between Top1inhibitor and G4 binders. Moreover, computational analysis confirmed the present of G4 motifs in genes with CPT-induced antisense transcription. G4 motifs are present mostly 5000 bp upstream from transcription start site and notably lower in genes. Comparisons between genes with no antisense transcription and genes with antisense transcription show that G4 motifs in this region are notably lower in the genes with antisense transcripts. Since CPT increases negative supercoils at promoters of intermediate activity, the formation of G4 is also increased in CPT-treated cells. Suprisingly, formation of G4 is regulated in parallel to the transient stabilization of R-loops, indicating a role in response to CPT-induced stress. G4 formation is highly elevated in Pyridostatin treated cells, which previous study shows increased formation of γH2Ax foci. This effect is also seen in the CPT-resistant cell lines, HCT15, indicating that the formation is a general event in response to CPT. We also show that R-loop formation is greatly increased in Pyridostatin treated cells. In order to study the role of R-loops and G4 structures in Top1cc-dependant repair pathway, we inhibited tyrosyl-phosphodiestrase 1 (TDP-1) using a TDP-1 inhibitor.
Gravo-thermal catastrophe in gravitational collapse and energy progenitor of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the homologous collapse of stellar nuclear core, the virial theorem for hadron collisional relaxations, and photon productions from hadron collisions. We thus show the gravo-thermal dynamical process that transforms gravitational energy to photon energy. The process is energetically and entropically favourable. The total baryon number conservation, Euler equation for energy-momentum conservation and Poisson's equation for gravitational potential are adopted to describe homologous core collapses. The virial theorem determines the hadron collision energy gain from gravitational potential. The hadronic photon production rate determines the photon energy density. The time scales of macroscopic and microscopic processes are studied to verify approximations. As a result, we show the formation of opaque photon-pair spheres, whose total energy, size, temperature and number density, accounting for the main energetic features of Gamma-Ray Burst progenitors. We obtain the intrinsic correlations of these quantities. They depend only on the averaged thermal index of the stellar core. We discuss the possibility to confront them with observational data.
description: The final version appears in JCAP. 32 pages and 7 figures
Variations of the Hidden Sector in a Realistic Intersecting Brane Model
Creators: name: Chen, Ching-Ming
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Mayes, V. E.
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we discussed the first example of a phenomenologically realistic intersecting D6-brane model. In this model, the gauge symmetry in the hidden sector is USp(2)_1 x USp(2)_2 x USp(2)_3 x USp(2)_4. However, we find that the USp(2)_1 x USp(2)_2 gauge symmetry can be replaced by an U(2)_{12} gauge symmetry, and/or the USp(2)_3 x USp(2)_4 gauge symmetry can be replaced by an U(2)_{34} gauge symmetry since the USp(2)^2 stacks of D6-branes contribute to the same Ramond-Ramond tadpoles as those of the U(2) stacks. Thus, there are three non-equivalent variations of the hidden sector, and the corresponding gauge symmetries are U(2)_{12} x USp(2)_3 x USp(2)_4, U(2)_{34} x USp(2)_1 x USp(2)_2, and U(2)_{12} x U(2)_{34}, respectively. Moreover, we study the hidden sector gauge symmetry breaking, discuss how to decouple the additional exotic particles, and briefly comment on the phenomenological consequences.
description: RevTex4, 15 pages, 10 tables
title: Μέθοδοι και τεχνικές κοπής διακοσμητικών λίθων: Παρελθόν, παρόν και μέλλον
title: Decorative stone cutting and processing – Past, Present and Future
Creators: name: Κανελλος Παναγιωτης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Ο κλάδος των διακοσμητικών λίθων αποτελεί έναν τομέα μείζονος σημασίας για τη Xώρα μας. Από την εξόρυξη έως την πώληση του τελικού προϊόντος, περιλαμβάνονται πολλά στάδια κοπής και επεξεργασίας των διακοσμητικών πετρωμάτων, τα οποία παρουσιάζονται εκτενώς στο παρόν πόνημα. Εκτίθεται μια γενική επισκόπηση και ανάλυση των μεθόδων και τεχνικών κοπής των διακοσμητικών λίθων, τόσο σύγχρονων όσο και παλαιότερων, σχεδιασμένες λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα τεχνικά χαρακτηριστικά, ιδιότητες και διαφορές μεταξύ των διαφόρων διακοσμητικών πετρωμάτων στα οποία γίνεται αναφορά. Παρουσιάζονται επίσης στατιστικά στοιχεία του κλάδου καθώς και η σημαντική συνεισφορά της βιομηχανίας αυτής στην Ελληνική Οικονομία. Τέλος, μέσα από μια προσπάθεια πρόβλεψης του μέλλοντος του κλάδου, προτείνονται βελτιωτικές διαδικασίες για τους τομείς που επιδέχονται περαιτέρω έρευνα καθώς και η ενσωμάτωση νέων τεχνολογιών με σκοπό την μεγαλύτερη ασφάλεια, τη μείωση των χρόνων παραγωγικής διαδικασίας και την εξοικονόμηση κεφαλαίου και ενέργειας.
description: The dimension stone industry is a sector of major importance for our country. From mining procedures to the sale of the final raw or finished product, it involves many stages of cutting and processing of dimension stones using diamond or hard metal cutting, grinding and polishing tools. These are concisely and comprehensively presented in this Diploma Thesis. This study provides an overview and analysis of modern and older methods and techniques of cutting dimension stones, designed in the light of the technical characteristics, properties and differences between the various rocks cited therein. It also analyses statistics relevant to the sector, as well as the significant contribution of this industry to the Greek economy. Finally, through an effort to offer future perspectives of the industry, there are recommended processes to improve areas in need of further research and proposes the incorporation of new technologies with the aim of greater security, shorter production times and capital and energy savings.
Deep learning of topological phase transitions from entanglement aspects for two-dimensional chiral p-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Chung, Ming-Chiang
name: Cheng, Tsung-Pao
name: Huang, Guang-Yu
name: Tsai, Yuan-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying deep learning to investigate topological phase transitions (TPTs) becomes a useful method due to not only its ability to recognize patterns but also its statistical excellency to examine the amount of information carried by different types of data inputs. Among possible data types, entanglement-related quantities, such as Majorana correlation matrices (MCMs), one-particle entanglement spectra (OPES), and entanglement eigenvectors (OPEEs), have been proved effective, however, are to date mostly restricted to one dimension. Here, we propose practical input data forms based on those quantities to study TPTs and to compare the efficiency of each form on classic two-dimensional chiral $p$-wave superconductors via the deep learning approach. First, we find that different input forms, either matrices or tensors both originated from real MCMs, can affect the precise locations of the predicted transition points. Next, due to the complex nature of OPEEs, we extract three spatially dependent quantities from OPEEs, one related to the "intensity", and the other two related to "phases" of particle and hole components. We show that similar to taking OPES directly as inputs, solely using "intensity" quantity can only distinguish topological phases from trivial ones, whereas using either whole MCMs or complete OPEE-extracted quantities can provide sufficient information for deep learning to distinguish between phases of matter with different $U(1)$ gauges or Chern numbers. Finally, we discuss certain characteristic features in the deep learning approach and, in particular, they reveal that our trained models indeed learn physically meaningful features, which confirms the potential use even at high dimensions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
A study of the interactions of heaving cylinders
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, Jon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis deals with the behaviour of hydrodynamic coefficients of vertical, surface piercing, circular cylinders subjected to heave motion. Three types of experiments are investigated; i) The determination of the added mass and damping coefficients of a compound cylinder in heave motion. This test is a repeat of a previously performed experiment but the accuracy of the results are improved. ii) The side forces induced on a simple cylinder due to a nearby, geometrically similar cylinder subjected to sinusoidal heave motion are determined and show good results with the numerical model. iii) The determination of the induced heave added mass and damping coefficients also due to a nearby, geometrically similar cylinder subjected to sinusoidal heave motion. These results show a reasonable amount of agreement with the predicted values. In each experiment, the effect of varying the displacement, amplitude and the frequency of oscillation are investigated. In cases ii) and iii), the cylinder separation was varied and the experiments were performed in a deep water as well as a shallow water scenario. The results of each experiment are compared to the theoretical predictions of the Matching Technique. The Matching Technique uses continuity of pressures and velocities between adjacent regions in the flow field to solve for the velocity potentials and hence the hydrodynamic coefficients.
Axial Vector Tetraquark with Two s-quarks
Creators: name: Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko
name: Morimatsu, Osamu
name: Nishikawa, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possibility of an axial vector isoscalar tetraquark $ud\bar{s}\bar{s}$ is discussed. If a $f_1$ meson in the mass region $1.4-1.5$ GeV consists of four quarks $ns\bar{n}\bar{s}$, the mass of the isoscalar $ud\bar{s}\bar{s}$($\vartheta^+$-meson) state with $J^P=1^+$ is expected to be lower than that of the $f_1$ meson. Within a flux-tube quark model, a possible resonant state of $ud\bar{s}\bar{s}(J^{P}=1^{+})$ is suggested to appear at $\sim$ 1.4 GeV with the width ${\cal{O}}(20\sim 50)$ MeV. We propose that the $\vartheta^+$-meson is the good candidate for the tetraquark search, which would be observed in the $K^+K^+π^-$ decay channel.
description: prepared for Yukawa International Seminars "New Frontiers in QCD" (YKIS2006), Nov. 20-Dec. 8, 2006, Kyoto, Japan, to appear in Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl
Coherence of oscillations in matter and supernova neutrinos
Creators: name: Porto-Silva, Yago P.
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation coherence for neutrino oscillations in media with different density profiles. For each profile, we find the dependence of the coherence length, $L_{coh}$, on neutrino energy and address the issue of correspondence of results in the distance and energy-momentum representations. The key new feature in matter is existence of energy ranges with enhanced coherence around the energies $E_0$ of "infinite coherence" at which $L_{coh} \rightarrow \infty$. In the configuration space, the infinite coherence corresponds to equality of the (effective) group velocities of the eigenstates. In constant density medium, there is a unique $E_0$, which coincides with the MSW resonance energy of oscillations of mass states and is close to the MSW resonance energy of flavor states. In the case of massless neutrinos or negligible masses in a very dense medium the coherence persists continuously. In the adiabatic case, the infinite coherence is realized for periodic density change. Adiabaticity violation changes the shape factors of the wave packets (WPs) and leads to their spread. In a medium with sharp density changes (jumps), splitting of the eigenstates occurs at crossing of each jump. We study the increase of the coherence length in a single jump and periodic density jumps - castle-wall (CW) profiles. For the CW profile, there are several $E_0$ corresponding to parametric resonances. We outlined applications of the results for supernova neutrinos. In particular, we show that coherence between two shock wave fronts leads to observable oscillation effects, and our analysis suggests that the decoherence can be irrelevant for flavor transformations in the central parts of collapsing stars.
Additional file 3 of Three tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause cardiotoxicity by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Wang, Huan
name: Wang, Yiming
name: Li, Jiongyuan
name: He, Ziyi
name: Boswell, Sarah A.
name: Chung, Mirra
name: You, Fuping
name: Han, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: Figure S12. Cell viability of NRCMs in response to afatinib, sorafenib, and ponatinib, related to Fig. 4. Figure S13. Low dose of TKIs induce ER stress over time in NRCMs, measured by mRNA fold changes, related to Fig. 4. Figure S14. Effects of ponatinib and sorafenib on heart weight, body weight, heart-to-body weight ratio, and Ddit3 expression in rat hearts, related to Fig. 4. Figure S15. Lipid peroxidation levels in NRCMs treated with cumene hydroperoxide and ethanol, related to Fig. 5. Figure S16. The effect of trolox on lipid peroxidation and ER stress induced by TKIs, related to Fig. 5. Figure S17. ISRIB and 4μ8c affected gene targets of Atf4 and Xbp1s induced by TKIs in NRCMs, related to Fig. 6. Figure S18. ISRIB and 4μ8c did not rescue NRCMs from cell death induced by the 3 TKIs, related to Fig. 6. Figure S19. The effects of ISRIB and 4μ8c on TKI-induced cell death examined using fluorescence imaging and quantification, related to Fig. 6. Figure S20. Persistent eIF2α phosphorylation up-regulated Nfkb1 and Il6 expression induced by 3 TKIs in H9C2 cells, but not Il1b or Tnf, related to Fig. 6.
Quadratic and symplectic structures on 3-(Hom)-$ρ$-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Bagheri, Zahra
name: Peyghan, Esmaeil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A63, 17B10, 16W25, 17B40, 17B70, 17B75, 37J10

description: Our purpose in this paper is the generalization of the notions of quadratic and symplectic structures to the case of 3-(Hom)-$ρ$-Lie algebras. We describe some properties of them by expressing the related lemmas and theorems. Also, we introduce the concept of 3-pre-(Hom)-$ρ$-Lie algebras and define their representation.
description: 24 pages
What is the order of 2D polymer escape transition?
Creators: name: Hsu, Hsiao-Ping
name: Binder, Kurt
name: Klushin, Leonid I.
name: Skvortsov, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An end-grafted flexible polymer chain in 3d space between two pistons undergoes an abrupt transition from a confined coil to a flower-like conformation when the number of monomers in the chain, N, reaches a critical value. In 2d geometry, excluded volume interactions between monomers of a chain confined inside a strip of finite length 2L transform the coil conformation into a linear string of blobs. However, the blob picture raises questions on the nature of this escape transition. To check the theoretical predictions based on the blob picture we study 2d single polymer chains with excluded volume interactions and with one end grafted in the middle of a strip of length 2L and width H by simulating self-avoiding walks on a square lattice with the pruned-enriched-Rosenbluth method (PERM). We estimate the free energy, the end-to-end distance, the number of imprisoned monomers, the order parameter, and its distribution. It is shown that in the thermodynamic limit of large N and L but finite L/N, there is a small but finite jump in several average characteristics, including the order parameter. We also present a theoretical description based on the Landau free energy approach, which is in good agreement with the simulation results. Both simulation results and the analytical theory indicate that the 2d escape transition is a weak first-order phase transition.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures, and 4 tables. Edited for typos
Detecting the Most Distant (z>7) Objects with ALMA
Creators: name: Walter, Fabian
name: Carilli, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting and studying objects at the highest redshifts, out to the end of Cosmic Reionization at z>7, is clearly a key science goal of ALMA. ALMA will in principle be able to detect objects in this redshift range both from high-J (J>7) CO transitions and emission from ionized carbon, [CII], which is one of the main cooling lines of the ISM. ALMA will even be able to resolve this emission for individual targets, which will be one of the few ways to determine dynamical masses for systems in the Epoch of Reionization. We discuss some of the current problems regarding the detection and characterization of objects at high redshifts and how ALMA will eliminate most (but not all) of them.
description: to appear in Astrophysics and Space Science, "Science with ALMA: a new era for Astrophysics", ed. R. Bachiller
title: Developing the competence with discourse connectives during teenage years
Creators: name: Tckhovrebova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 410 Linguistics
subject: 440 French & related languages
subject: 840 French & related literatures

description: Built upon a combination of off-line production experiments and corpus analysis of data, this thesis provides a multifaceted investigation into the level of competence with discourse connectives during teenage years. Firstly, it discerns endogenous factors, related to the linguistic characteristics of connectives, that may render some of them more difficult than others. Secondly, it investigates exogenous factors, related to inter-individual differences in linguistic competence between young speakers, that may influence their mastery of discourse connectives. Thirdly, the current work also explores whether the mastery of connectives hinges on the context in which they are used. Furthermore, this thesis raises the question of young speakers’ sensitivity to different types of coherence signals spread in discourse, and whether they are receptive to non-connective cues when inferring coherence relations. Finally, this work also focuses on the potential for improving competence with connectives through learning activities. The evidence obtained in this work serves to both deepen our understanding of the development of the competence with connectives during a transitional period of teenage years and to enrich the ongoing discussion about the type of meaning that connectives encode, namely, whether this meaning is procedural, conceptual or a combination of both.
Displaced Drude peak and bad metal from the interaction with slow fluctuations
Creators: name: Fratini, S.
name: Ciuchi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering by slowly fluctuating degrees of freedom can cause a transient localization of the current-carrying electrons in metals, driving the system away from normal metallic behavior. We illustrate and characterize this general phenomenon by studying how signatures of localization emerge in the optical conductivity of electrons interacting with slow bosonic fluctuations. The buildup of quantum localization corrections manifests itself in the emergence of a displaced Drude peak (DDP), whose existence strongly alters the low frequency optical response and suppresses the d.c. conductivity. We find that for sufficiently strong interactions, many-body renormalization of the fluctuating field induced at metallic densities enhances electron localization and the ensuing DDP phenomenon in comparison with the well-studied low concentration limit. Our results are compatible with the frequent observation of DDPs in electronic systems where slowly fluctuating degrees of freedom couple significantly to the charge carriers.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, Submission to SciPost
COVID-19 and Subjective Well-Being: Separating the Effects of Lockdowns from the Pandemic
Creators: name: Foa, Roberto Stefan
name: Gilbert, Samuel
name: Fabian, Mark
Publisher: name: Bennett Institute for Public Policy, University of Cambridge
Year: 2020
Subjects: Subjective Wellbeing
Happiness
COVID-19
Mental Health
Lockdown
Public Health

description: Scholars, journalists, and policymakers have raised concerns that lockdown policies implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may be damaging to mental health. However, existing evidence for this claim is confounded by an inability to separate the mental health effects of lockdowns from those of the pandemic. We address this issue using one year of weekly mood surveys from Great Britain, together with weekly cross-country data from Google Trends. While we find a clear negative impact on mental health from the pandemic, lockdown measures are mostly associated with improvements in subjective well-being. Multilevel models, which estimate the changing effects among demographics by survey week, suggest the largest relative gains occurred among lower socioeconomic status groups.
Doppler cooling of calcium ions using a dipole-forbidden transition
Creators: name: Hendricks, R. J.
name: Sørensen, J. L.
name: Champenois, C.
name: Knoop, M.
name: Drewsen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doppler cooling of calcium ions has been experimentally demonstrated using the S1/2 to D5/2 dipole-forbidden transition. Scattering forces and fluorescence levels a factor of 5 smaller than for usual Doppler cooling on the dipole allowed S1/2 to P1/2 transition have been achieved. Since the light scattered from the ions can be monitored at (violet) wavelengths that are very different from the excitation wavelengths, single ions can be detected with an essentially zero background level. This, as well as other features of the cooling scheme, can be extremely valuable for ion trap based quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, minor changes to commentary and references
The old moving groups in the field of Taurus
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaming
name: Fang, Min
name: Tian, Hao
name: Liu, Chao
name: Yang, Chengqun
name: Xue, Xiangxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a systematic search for stellar groups in the Taurus field by applying DBSCAN algorithm to the data from Gaia DR2. We find 22 groups, consisting of 8 young groups (Groups 1-8) at ages of 2-4Myr and distances of ~130-170pc, 14 old groups (Groups 9-22) at ages of 8-49Myr and distances of ~110-210pc. We characterize the disk properties of group members and find 19 new disk-bearing stars, 8 of which are in the young groups and 11 others belong to the comparatively old groups at ages of 8-11 Myr. We characterize the accretion properties of the group members with H$α$ emission line in their LAMOST spectra, and discover one source in Group 10 at an age of 10 Myr which still shows accretion activity. We investigate the kinematic relations among the old groups, and find that Group 9 is kinematically related to the known Taurus members and exclude any kinematic relations between Groups 10-22 and the known Taurus members.
description: 36 pages, 17 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJs
Surrogate modeling of thermodynamic equilibria: applications, sampling and optimization
Creators: name: Winz, Joschka
name: Nentwich, Corina
name: Engell, Sebastian
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: Process optimization
subject: Surrogate modeling
subject: Thermodynamic equilibria
subject: 660

description: Models based on first principles are an effective way to model chemical processes. The quality of these depends critically on the accurate description of thermodynamic equilibria. This is provided by modern thermodynamic models, e.g., PC-SAFT, but they come with a high computational cost, which makes process optimization challenging. This can be addressed by using surrogate models to approximate the equilibrium calculations. A high accuracy of the surrogate model can be achieved by carefully choosing the points at which the original function is evaluated to create data for the training of the surrogate models, called sampling. Using a case study, different approaches to sampling are discussed and evaluated with a focus on new approaches to adaptive sampling.
description: Chemie - Ingenieur - Technik;93(12)
ความหลากหลายของพืชในวงศ์ย่อยไผ่ (Bambusoideae: Gramineae) ในอุทยานแห่งชาติภูลังกา จังหวัดนครพนม
Creators: name: นพนันท์ คณิตไธสง
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: วงศ์หญ้า, อุทยานแห่งชาติภูลังกา, อนุกรมวิธาน, การใช้ประโยชน์

description: 6, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
ความสวยงามวางนัยทั่วไป: ผลบวกของกำลังสองของจำนวนที่ทุกหลักเป็นเลข 3 กับจำนวน ที่ทุกหลักเป็นเลข 2
Creators: name: ณัฏฐณิชา ถือแก้ว
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: ผลบวก, กำลังสอง, จำนวนที่ทุกหลักเป็นเลข 3, จำนวนที่ทุกหลักเป็นเลข 2

description: 6, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม