cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phonon softening and dispersion in the 1D Holstein model of spinless fermions
Creators: name: Creffield, C. E.
name: Sangiovanni, G.
name: Capone, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of electron-phonon interaction on the phononic properties in the one-dimensional half-filled Holstein model of spinless fermions. By means of determinantal Quantum Monte Carlo simulation we show that the behavior of the phonon dynamics gives a clear signal of the transition to a charge-ordered phase, and the phase diagram obtained in this way is in excellent agreement with previous DMRG results. By analyzing the phonon propagator we extract the renormalized phonon frequency, and study how it first softens as the transition is approached and then subsequently hardens in the charge-ordered phase. We then show how anharmonic features develop in the phonon propagator, and how the interaction induces a sizable dispersion of the dressed phonon in the non-adiabatic regime.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Instability of human societies as a result of conformity
Creators: name: Efros, A. L.
name: Désesquelles, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new model that mimics the strong and sudden effects induced by conformity in tightly interacting human societies. Such effects range from mere crowd phenomena to dramatic political turmoil. The model is a modified version of the Ising Hamiltonian. We have studied the properties of this Hamiltonian using both a Metropolis simulation and analytical derivations. Our study shows that increasing the value of the conformity parameter, results in a first order phase transition. As a result a majority of people begin honestly to support the idea that may contradict the moral principles of a normal human beings though each individual would support the moral principle without tight interaction with the society. Thus, above some critical level of conformity our society occurs to be instable with respect to ideas that might be doubtful. Our model includes, in a simplified way, human diversity with respect to loyalty to the moral principles.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Int. journ of modern physics section C
THE RISE AND FALL OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: 1950-1965
Creators: name: Holdcroft, Lane E.
name: Holdcroft, Lane E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Over the past three years a re-emergence of interest in the community development movement in the developing world of the 1950's and early 1960's has occurred, due primarily to the current interest in rural development as an approach to improve the well-being of the world's rural poor. It is unusual in current rural development conferences of scholars, researchers, or practitioners not to hear frequent reference to the failures or successes of the earlier community development programs. In general, the community development approach was directed at the promotion of better living for the whole community, with the active participation and, if possible, the initiative of the community. However, if this initiative was not forthcoming spontaneously, techniques for arousing and stimulating community initiatives were to be employed by trained community development personnel. The purpose of this paper is to examine the community development movement from a historical perspective in an effort to enhance our understanding of that earlier movement and draw from this experience some implications of usefulness in the formulation of current and future rural development strategies, policies, programs and projects.
The Asymmetric Effects of Oil Shocks on Output Growth: A Markov-Switching Analysis
Creators: name: Manera, Matteo
name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Cologni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper we specify and estimate different Markov-switching (MS) regime autoregressive models. The empirical performance of the univariate MS models used to describe the switches between different economic regimes for the G-7 countries is in general not satisfactory. We extend these models to verify if the inclusion of asymmetric oil shocks as an exogenous variable improves the ability of each specification to identify the different phases of the business cycle for each country under scrutiny. Following the wide literature on this topic, we have considered six different definitions of oil shocks: oil price changes, asymmetric transformations of oil price changes, oil price volatility, and oil supply conditions. We measure the persistence of each economic regime, as well as the ability of each MS model to detect the business cycle dates as described by widely acknowledged statistical institutions. Our empirical findings can be summarized as follows. First, the null hypothesis of linearity against the alternative of a MS specification is always rejected by the data. This suggests that regime-dependent models should be used if a researcher is interested in obtaining statistically adequate representations of the output growth process. Second, three-regime MS models typically outperform the corresponding two-regime specifications in describing the business cycle features for each country. Third, the introduction of different oil shock specifications is never rejected. Fourth, positive oil price changes, net oil price increases and oil price volatility are the oil shock definitions which contribute to a better description of the impact of oil on output growth. Finally, models with exogenous oil variables generally outperform the corresponding univariate specifications which exclude oil from the analysis.
NLO QCD predictions for doubly-polarized WZ production at the LHC
Creators: name: Denner, Ansgar
name: Pelliccioli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accessing the polarization of weak bosons provides an important probe for the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. Relying on the double-pole approximation and on the separation of polarizations at the amplitude level, we study WZ production at the LHC, with both bosons in a definite polarization mode, including NLO QCD effects. We compare results obtained defining the polarization vectors in two different frames. Integrated and differential cross-sections in a realistic fiducial region are presented.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, slightly extended version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Econometric Models of Asymmetric Price Transmission
Creators: name: Frey, Giliola
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Frey, Giliola
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: In this paper we review the existing empirical literature on price asymmetries in commodities, providing a way to classify and compare different studies which are highly heterogeneous in terms of econometric models, type of asymmetries and empirical findings. Relative to the previous literature, this paper is novel in several respects. First, it presents a detailed and updated survey of the existing empirical contributions on the existence of price asymmetries in the transmission mechanism linking input prices to output prices. Second, this paper presents an extension of the traditional distinction between long-run and short-run asymmetries to new categories of asymmetries, such as: contemporaneous impact, distributed lag effect, cumulated impact, reaction time, equilibrium and momentum equilibrium adjustment path, regime effect, regime equilibrium adjustment path. Third, each empirical study is critically discussed in the light of this new classification of asymmetries. Fourth, this paper evaluates the relative merits of the most popular econometric models for price asymmetries, namely autoregressive distributed lags, partial adjustments, error correction models, regime switching and vector autoregressive models.
Analysis of the generation of photon pairs in periodically poled lithium niobate
Creators: name: Soderholm, Jonas
name: Hirano, Keiichi
name: Mori, Shigehiko
name: Inoue, Shuichiro
name: Kurimura, Sunao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in nonlinear crystals makes it fairly easy to generate entangled photon states. It has been known for some time that the conversion efficiency can be improved by employing quasi-phase-matching in periodically poled crystals. Using two single-photon detectors, we have analyzed the photon pairs generated by SPDC in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal pumped by a femtosecond laser. Several parameters could be varied in our setup, allowing us to obtain data in close agreement with both thermal and Poissonian photon-pair distributions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, uses ws-procs10x7.cls; v2: Sign in equation (5) corrected
[Non-final back-ups of FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) database]
Creators: name: Cathcart, Chundra
name: Chen, I-Hsuan
name: Cibelli, Emily
name: Kang, Shinae
name: Prendergast, Eric
name: Sheil, Christine
name: Stark, Tammy
name: Stickles, Elise
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 34 FWBACKUP files. File names include student initials.
Kontext, Funktion, Transparenz und Zugang: Anmerkungen zur Publikation von Datensammlungen im WWW am Beispiel von Artefacts.mom.fr
Creators: name: Rösler, Katja
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Distributional Impacts of Energy-Efficiency Certificates Vs. Taxes and Standards
Creators: name: Quirion, Philippe
name: Quirion, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Energy efficiency commitments, often associated with tradable energy efficiency certificates, dubbed "white certificates", were recently implemented in the United Kingdom and Italy and will soon start in France. Energy suppliers have to fund a given quantity of energy efficiency measures, or to buy "white certificates" from other suppliers who exceed their target. We develop a partial equilibrium model to compare white certificates to other policy instruments for energy efficiency, i.e., taxes and standards. Our conclusions are: First, if white certificates are chosen, each supplier's target should be set as a percentage of the energy they sell during the commitment period rather than in absolute terms, e.g. based on past variables. Indeed the latter solution decreases sharply energy suppliers' profit since they cannot pass the cost of certificate generation on to consumers. Such a system thus risks generating a fierce opposition from these industries. Furthermore, setting individual targets independently of the evolution of market shares seems unfair. At last, this system risks creating a large rebound effect, i.e., a large increase in energy services consumption. Second, compared to taxes and standards, white certificates (with targets in percentage of energy sold) seem particularly interesting to reach a certain level of energy savings while limiting distributional effects, thus to limit oppositions to its implementation. Furthermore, they generate less rebound effect than standards and seem more able than taxes to mobilise a part of the no regret potential. However if targets are too weak there is a real risk that white certificates systems fund mostly business-as-usual energy efficiency activities, thus having little impact while delaying the implementation of other policy instruments.
Quo vadis archäologische Datenbanken und Linked Open Data?
Creators: name: Mees, Allard
name: Thiery, Florian
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
The lengths distribution of laminar phases for type-I intermittency in the presence of noise
Creators: name: Hramov, A. E.
name: Koronovskii, A. A.
name: Kurovskaja, M. K.
name: Ovchinnikov, A. A.
name: Boccaletti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a type of intermittent behavior that occurs as the result of the interplay between dynamical mechanisms giving rise to type-I intermittency and random dynamics. We analytically deduce the laws for the distribution of the laminar phases, with the law for the mean length of the laminar phases versus the critical parameter deduced earlier [PRE 62 (2000) 6304] being the corollary fact of the developed theory. We find a very good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the data obtained by means of both the experimental study and numerical calculations. We discuss also how this mechanism is expected to take place in other relevant physical circumstances.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 30 cites
An Accidental Oil Spill Along the Belgian Coast: Results from a CV Study
Creators: name: Van Biervliet, Karl
name: Le Roy, Dirk
name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
name: Van Biervliet, Karl
name: Le Roy, Dirk
name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper offers an economic assessment of the loss of non-use values resulting from different oil spill scenarios along the Belgian Coast. Estimation results show that if no oil spill prevention policy action is undertaken, a significant welfare loss may result. As a matter of fact, contingent valuation estimation results show such a welfare loss ranges from 120 million Euro to 606 million Euro, depending on the size and the frequency of the oil spill under consideration. Therefore, any investment program targeted at the prevention of oil spills, and its damage on the marine environment, can be clearly defended from a cost-benefit perspective as long as its cost is no higher than 120 million Euro.
Coincidence inelastic neutron scattering for detection of two-spin magnetic correlations
Creators: name: Su, Yuehua
name: Wang, Shengyan
name: Zhang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is one powerful technique to study the low-energy single-spin dynamics of magnetic materials. A variety of quantum magnets show novel magnetic correlations such as quantum spin liquids. These novel magnetic correlations are beyond the direct detection of INS. In this paper we propose a coincidence technique, coincidence inelastic neutron scattering (cINS), which can detect the two-spin magnetic correlations of the magnetic materials. In cINS there are two neutron sources and two neutron detectors with an additional coincidence detector. Two neutrons from the two neutron sources are incident on the target magnetic material, and they are scattered by the electron spins of the magnetic material. The two scattered neutrons are detected by the two neutron detectors in coincidence with the coincidence probability described by a two-spin Bethe-Salpeter wave function. Since the two-spin Bethe-Salpeter wave function defines the momentum-resolved dynamical wave function with two spins excited, cINS can explicitly detect the two-spin magnetic correlations of the magnetic material. Thus, it can be introduced to study the various spin valence bond states of the quantum magnets.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; Revised version for publication
Elwood, Douglas J. (hrsg.): Wie Christen in Asien denken
Creators: name: Gerlitz, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 3 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 3
Mechanisms underlying neuronal growth cone pathfinding
Creators: name: Isbister, Carolyn Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: From the initial stages of axon outgrowth to the formation of a functioning synapse, growth cones of developing neurons integrate and respond to multiple environmental guidance cues. To explore growth cone guidance mechanisms in vivo, we have taken advantage of the ease of access and manipulation of the well-characterized model system, the developing grasshopper embryo. To elucidate the role of substrate adhesivity in growth cone pathfinding, we developed an in vivo assay for measuring filopodial-substrate adhesivity using the Til pioneer neuron pathway of the embryonic grasshopper limb. Using time lapse imaging and a combination of rhodamine-phalloidin injections and Dil labeling, we demonstrate that filopodial retraction rate following treatment with cytochalasin D or elastase reflects the degree of filopodia-substrate adhesivity. There is no difference between retraction rates of filopodia extending towards the correct target and filopodia extending away from the correct target. The homogeneity in filopodial retraction rates, even among turning growth cones where differential adhesivity might be expected to be greatest, strongly indicates that differential adhesion does not govern Til pioneer neuron pathfinding. In addition to contact-mediated mechanisms, secreted molecules, such as semaphorins, can also steer growth cones. We demonstrate that a novel secreted semaphorin in grasshopper, gSema 2a, functions as a chemorepulsive guidance molecule critical for Til pioneer axon fasciculation and for determining both the initial direction and subsequent pathfinding events of the Til axon projection. Simultaneous perturbation experiments indicated that different semaphorin family members can provide functionally distinct guidance information to the same growth cone in vivo. Furthermore, Sema 2a is expressed in two overlapping perpendicular gradients: a steep distal-proximal and a shallow dorsal-ventral gradient. Although the Til growth cone will sample both the steep and shallow gradients, the majority of pathfinding errors occur within the shallow dorsal-ventral gradient. Although the gradient steepness differs, the absolute levels of Sema 2a at the stereotyped growth cone decision points are comparable. Ourtresults indicate that it is the steepness, or shape, of the gradient that encodes the degree of chemorepulsion. Finally, using these gradient data we propose theoretical mechanisms of growth cone gradient detection in vivo.
Nongeometric Flux Compactifications
Creators: name: Shelton, Jessie
name: Taylor, Washington
name: Wecht, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a simple class of type II string compactifications which incorporate nongeometric "fluxes" in addition to "geometric flux" and the usual H-field and R-R fluxes. These compactifications are nongeometric analogues of the twisted torus. We develop T-duality rules for NS-NS geometric and nongeometric fluxes, which we use to construct a superpotential for the dimensionally reduced four-dimensional theory. The resulting structure is invariant under T-duality, so that the distribution of vacua in the IIA and IIB theories is identical when nongeometric fluxes are included. This gives a concrete framework in which to investigate the possibility that generic string compactifications may be nongeometric in any duality frame. The framework developed in this paper also provides some concrete hints for how mirror symmetry can be generalized to compactifications with arbitrary H-flux, whose mirrors are generically nongeometric.
description: 26 pages, JHEP3. v3: references, minor corrections, and clarifications added. v4: sign corrected
Surprises in approximating Levenshtein distances
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Grimm, Uwe
name: Giegerich, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Levenshtein distance is an important tool for the comparison of symbolic sequences, with many appearances in genome research, linguistics and other areas. For efficient applications, an approximation by a distance of smaller computational complexity is highly desirable. However, our comparison of the Levenshtein with a generic dictionary-based distance indicates their statistical independence. This suggests that a simplification along this line might not be possible without restricting the class of sequences. Several other probabilistic properties are briefly discussed, emphasizing various questions that deserve further investigation.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; revised version
Additional file 1 of Recurrence rate with inferior conjunctival autograft transplantation compared with superior conjunctival autograft transplantation in pterygium surgery: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wenwei Li
name: Yaoyong Lou
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
A scalable exponential-DG approach for nonlinear conservation laws: with application to Burger and Euler equations
Creators: name: Kang, Shinhoo
name: Bui-Thanh, Tan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M60, 65Y05, 76M10

description: We propose an Exponential DG approach for numerically solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The idea is to decompose the governing PDE operators into linear (fast dynamics extracted by linearization) and nonlinear (the remaining after removing the former) parts, on which we apply the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) spatial discretization. The resulting semi-discrete system is then integrated using exponential time-integrators: exact for the former and approximate for the latter. By construction, our approach i) is stable with a large Courant number (Cr > 1); ii) supports high-order solutions both in time and space; iii) is computationally favorable compared to IMEX DG methods with no preconditioner; iv) requires comparable computational time compared to explicit RKDG methods, while having time stepsizes orders magnitude larger than maximal stable time stepsizes for explicit RKDG methods; v) is scalable in a modern massively parallel computing architecture by exploiting Krylov-subspace matrix-free exponential time integrators and compact communication stencil of DG methods. Various numerical results for both Burgers and Euler equations are presented to showcase these expected properties. For Burgers equation, we present detailed stability and convergence analyses for the exponential Euler DG scheme.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures and 14 tables
Riding the Waves of Reforms in Corporate Law, an Overview of Recent Improvements in Italian Corporate Codes of Conduct
Creators: name: Ferro, Nicoletta
name: Ferro, Nicoletta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Political Economy

description: In the past only a few of the major Italian companies spontaneously adopted self- regulatory tools such as codes of corporate conduct or codes of ethics, claiming the set of values that should guide their conduct and their shareholders and stakeholders were called to comply with. As a reaction to national corporate scandals such as those involving Cirio and Parmalat, things started to change as the need for corporate governance reforms was felt at the institutional as well as at the corporate level. This new wave was mainly due to the enactment of Legislative Decree no. 231 of June 8 2001 by Italian Legislators that marked an important turning point for the Italian corporate regulatory framework as it made codes of ethics and codes of conduct a legal requirement for Italian companies rather than an additional public relations tool as they were generally considered by the business environment. The aim of this paper is to fill the information gap on the Italian corporate codes scenario and to foster the dissemination of knowledge about the current situation, giving an introductory sketch on Leg. Decree. 231/2001.
Supersymmetric Models for Fermions on a Lattice
Creators: name: Ilieva, Nevena
name: Narnhofer, Heide
name: Thirring, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the large-N behaviour of simple examples of supersymmetric interactions for fermions on a lattice. Witten's supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the BCS model appear just as two different aspects of one and the same model. For the BCS model, supersymmetry is only respected in a coherent superposition of Bogoliubov states. In this coherent superposition mesoscopic observables show better stability properties than in a Bogoliubov state.
description: 17 pages, LATeX, no figures
Additional file 1 of Baseline liver steatosis has no impact on liver metastases and overall survival in rectal cancer patients
Creators: name: Besutti, Giulia
name: Damato, Angela
name: Venturelli, Francesco
name: Bonelli, Candida
name: Vicentini, Massimo
name: Monelli, Filippo
name: Mancuso, Pamela
name: Ligabue, Guido
name: Pattacini, Pierpaolo
name: Pinto, Carmine
name: Rossi, Paolo Giorgi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1 Clinical data, CT-defined liver steatosis, and outcomes (metastases, deaths) in patients subdivided according to stage. Supplementary Table S2 Follow-up and treatment characteristics in patients with and without liver steatosis. Supplementary Table S3 Baseline characteristics of patients with moderate/severe steatosis. Supplementary Table S4 CT characteristics and liver function test changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, defining the presence or absence of post-chemotherapy liver damage. Supplementary Table S5 Follow-up, treatment, and outcome measures in patients with and without post-chemotherapy liver damage. Supplementary Table S6 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with and without post-chemotherapy-induced liver damage, reported also in patients with events.
Corruption, Exogenous Changes in Incentives and Deterrence
Creators: name: Di Vita, Giuseppe
name: Di Vita, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Public Economics

description: In this article we apply and extend the model elaborated by Acemoglu and Verdier in their seminal paper (2000), to examine how the economy represented in their theoretical framework responds to an exogenous change in the agent's incentive. In particular, we focus on the consequences of a famous sentence of the Italian Supreme Court in plenary session, no. 500 of 1999, in which a revolutionary interpretation of civil liability rules is introduced, allowing private agents of our economy to appear before the court to demand reimbursement for the damages suffered as a consequence of illicit behavior of the public administration. This is one of the few cases in which the judex substantially makes law in a system of civil law, and the modification in incentive whether or not to be corrupted comes from an authority that is not part of the game (the jurisdictional power). Basing our affirmations on the model, we can say that corruption may have declined in Italy since the year 2000, as a result of a change in the incentives for both private agents and bureaucrats.
Valuing Ecosystem Services with Fishery Rents: A Lumped-Parameter Approach to Hypoxia in the Neuse River Estuary
Creators: name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Crowder, Larry B.
name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Crowder, Larry B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Valuing ecosystem services with microeconomic underpinnings presents challenges because these services typically constitute nonmarket values and contribute to human welfare indirectly through a series of ecological pathways that are dynamic, nonlinear, and difficult to quantify and link to appropriate economic spatial and temporal scales. This paper develops and demonstrates a method to value a portion of ecosystem services when a commercial fishery is dependent on the quality of estuarine habitat. Using a lumped-parameter, dynamic open access bioeconomic model that is spatially explicit and includes predator-prey interactions, this paper quantifies part of the value of improved ecosystem function in the Neuse River Estuary when nutrient pollution is reduced. Specifically, it traces the effects of nitrogen loading on the North Carolina commercial blue crab fishery by modeling the response of primary production and the subsequent impact on hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen). Hypoxia, in turn, affects blue crabs and their preferred prey. The discounted present value fishery rent increase from a 30% reduction in nitrogen loadings in the Neuse is $2.56 million, though this welfare estimate is fairly sensitive to some parameter values. Surprisingly, this number is not sensitive to initial conditions.
Risk Management of Daily Tourist Tax Revenues for the Maldives
Creators: name: McAleer, Michael
name: Shareef, Riaz
name: Da Veiga, Bernardo
name: McAleer, Michael
name: Shareef, Riaz
name: Da Veiga, Bernardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: International tourism is the principal economic activity for Small Island Tourism Economies (SITEs). There is a strongly predictable component of international tourism, specifically the government revenue received from taxes on international tourists, but it is difficult to predict the number of international tourist arrivals which, in turn, determines the magnitude of tax revenue receipts. A framework is presented for risk management of daily tourist tax revenues for the Maldives, which is a unique SITE because it relies entirely on tourism for its economic and social development. As these receipts from international tourism are significant financial assets to the economies of SITEs, the time-varying volatility of international tourist arrivals and their growth rate is analogous to the volatility (or dynamic risk) in financial returns. In this paper, the volatility in the levels and growth rates of daily international tourist arrivals is investigated.
Additional file 1 of Artificial intelligence for reduced dose 18F-FDG PET examinations: a real-world deployment through a standardized framework and business case assessment
Creators: name: Katsari, Katia
name: Penna, Daniele
name: Arena, Vincenzo
name: Polverari, Giulia
name: Ianniello, Annarita
name: Italiano, Domenico
name: Milani, Rolando
name: Roncacci, Alessandro
name: Illing, Rowland O.
name: Pelosi, Ettore
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Seven PET-negative patients outside the study protocol were injected with standard 18F-FDG dose and acquired at 60 minutes post-injection. A subsequent second scan of the upper abdomen was obtained, using the same elapsed time used in the study protocol. By the comparison of the liver 18F-FDG uptake in the two scans, a correction factor of 1.063 was extracted and applied when comparing SUV values in PET-processed vs. PET-native images. Results are presented in Supplemental Table 1. Supplemental Table 1. Data for SUV correction factor. Supplemental Table 2. Study population.
How Fast are Small Tourist Countries Growing? The 1980-2003 Evidence
Creators: name: Pigliaru, Francesco
name: Brau, Rinaldo
name: Lanza, Alessandro
name: Pigliaru, Francesco
name: Brau, Rinaldo
name: Lanza, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Development

description: We analyze the empirical relationship between growth, country size and tourism specialization by using a dataset covering the period 1980-2003. We find that tourism countries grow significantly faster than all the other sub-groups considered in our analysis. Tourism appears to be an independent determining factor for growth, and the reason for that is neither because they are poorer than the average, nor because they are very open to trade. Another finding of our paper is that small states are fast-growing only when they are highly specialized in tourism. In contrast with some previous conclusions in the literature, smallness per se is not good for growth.
Moufang loops and generalized Lie-Cartan theorem
Creators: name: Paal, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20N05, 17D10, 20G05

description: Generalized Lie-Cartan theorem for linear birepresentations of an analytic Moufang loop is considered. The commutation relations of the generators of the birepresentation were found. In particular, the Lie algebra of the multiplication group of the birepresentation is explicitly given.
description: LaTeX2e, 5 pages, Presented at the International Conference "Loops '07", Prague, August 12-19, 2007
Jensen-Shannon divergence as a measure of distinguishability between mixed quantum states
Creators: name: Majtey, A. P.
name: Lamberti, P. W.
name: Prato, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an alternative to relative entropy as a measure of distance between mixed quantum states. The proposed quantity is an extension to the realm of quantum theory of the Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) between probability distributions. The JSD has several interesting properties. It arises in information theory and, unlike the Kullback-Leibler divergence, it is symmetric, always well defined and bounded. We show that the quantum JSD (QJSD) shares with the relative entropy most of the physically relevant properties, in particular those required for a "good" quantum distinguishability measure. We relate it to other known quantum distances and we suggest possible applications in the field of the quantum information theory.
description: 14 pages, corrected equation 16
Anisothermal chemical reactions: Onsager--Machlup and macroscopic fluctuation theory
Creators: name: Renger, D. R. Michiel
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Anisothermal chemical reactions
subject: particle system
subject: large deviations
subject: quasipotential
subject: Onsager--Machlup
subject: macroscopic fluctuation theory
subject: 60F10
subject: 60J27
subject: 80A30
subject: 82B35
subject: 82C35

description: We study a micro and macroscopic model for chemical reactions with feedback between reactions and temperature of the solute. The first result concerns the quasipotential as the large-deviation rate of the microscopic invariant measure. The second result is an application of modern Onsager-Machlup theory to the pathwise large deviations, in case the system is in detailed balance. The third result is an application of macroscopic fluctuation theory to the reaction flux large deviations, in case the system is in complex balance.
Liebmann, Maximilian: Urbanus Rhegius und die Anfänge der Reformation
Creators: name: Kantzenbach, Friedrich Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 3 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 3
Positively Correlated Samples Save Pooled Testing Costs
Creators: name: Lin, Yi-Jheng
name: Yu, Che-Hao
name: Liu, Tzu-Hsuan
name: Chang, Cheng-Shang
name: Chen, Wen-Tsuen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The group testing approach that achieves significant cost reduction over the individual testing approach has received a lot of interest lately for massive testing of COVID-19. Many studies simply assume samples mixed in a group are independent. However, this assumption may not be reasonable for a contagious disease like COVID-19. Specifically, people within a family tend to infect each other and thus are likely to be positively correlated. By exploiting positive correlation, we make the following two main contributions. One is to provide a rigorous proof that further cost reduction can be achieved by using the Dorfman two-stage method when samples within a group are positively correlated. The other is to propose a hierarchical agglomerative algorithm for pooled testing with a social graph, where an edge in the social graph connects frequent social contacts between two persons. Such an algorithm leads to notable cost reduction (roughly 20%-35%) compared to random pooling when the Dorfman two-stage algorithm is applied.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, submitted for publication
IMPORT DEMAND SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTH KOREAN WINE MARKET WITH THE SOURCE DIFFERENTATED AIDS MODEL
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Hilbun, Brian M.
name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Hilbun, Brian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: wine
subject: AIDS
subject: block substitutability
subject: import demand

description: Under the assumption of block substitutability and partial aggregation, a source differentiated AIDS model was used to estimate South Korean wine import demand. Empirical results indicate that South Korean wine consumers have a strong preference for high quality French wines. French wines are shown to be substitutes for wines from other countries in the South Korean wine market. Since the implementation of a free trade agreement between South Korea and Chile, Chilean wines have steadily increased their market share exhibiting strong price competitiveness in the South Korean wine market.
Moduli Space of BPS Walls in Supersymmetric Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Sakai, Norisuke
name: Yang, Yisong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved for the `master equation' derived from the BPS equation for the vector multiplet scalar in the U(1) gauge theory with Nf charged matter hypermultiplets with eight supercharges. This proof finally establishes the fact that the moduli space of the BPS domain wall solution is CP^(N_f-1) for the gauge theory at finite gauge couplings. Therefore the moduli space at finite gauge couplings is topologically the same manifold as that at infinite gauge coupling, where the gauged linear sigma model reduces to a nonlinear sigma model. The proof is extended to the U(Nc) gauge theory with Nf hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation, provided the moduli matrix of the domain wall solution is U(1)-factorizable. Thus the dimension of the moduli space of U(Nc) gauge theory is bounded from below by the dimension of the U(1)-factorizable part of the moduli space. We also obtain sharp estimates of the asymptotic exponential decay which depend on both the gauge coupling and the hypermultiplet mass differences.
description: 18 pages, a reference added, two typos corrected(v2), several typos corrected, explanation of total moduli space added(v3)
Image Representations Learned With Unsupervised Pre-Training Contain Human-like Biases
Creators: name: Steed, Ryan
name: Caliskan, Aylin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in machine learning leverage massive datasets of unlabeled images from the web to learn general-purpose image representations for tasks from image classification to face recognition. But do unsupervised computer vision models automatically learn implicit patterns and embed social biases that could have harmful downstream effects? We develop a novel method for quantifying biased associations between representations of social concepts and attributes in images. We find that state-of-the-art unsupervised models trained on ImageNet, a popular benchmark image dataset curated from internet images, automatically learn racial, gender, and intersectional biases. We replicate 8 previously documented human biases from social psychology, from the innocuous, as with insects and flowers, to the potentially harmful, as with race and gender. Our results closely match three hypotheses about intersectional bias from social psychology. For the first time in unsupervised computer vision, we also quantify implicit human biases about weight, disabilities, and several ethnicities. When compared with statistical patterns in online image datasets, our findings suggest that machine learning models can automatically learn bias from the way people are stereotypically portrayed on the web.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Replaced example image completions of real people with completions of artificial people
Modeling Yeah- and Nay-Saying to Alternatives in Conjoint Experiments
Creators: name: Hu, Wuyang
name: Hu, Wuyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: conjoint experiment
subject: hurdle choice model
subject: yeah and nay-saying

description: Using a series of hurdle choice models, this study considers both nay-saying and yeah-saying to alternatives offered in a conjoint experiment. These behaviors are characterized by respondents persistently choosing the no-choice alternative or choosing at least one of the non-empty options offered in a survey. Results show that jointly consider nay-saying and yeah-saying in a two-hurdle model drastically improves model fit; welfare implications based on hurdle models are also different from those based on models without hurdle specification.
Baryons on the lattice
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I comment on progress of lattice QCD techniques and calculations. Recent results on pentaquark masses as well as of the spectrum of excited baryons are summarizned and interpreted. The present state of calculations of quantities related to the nucleon structure and of electromagnetic transition form factors is surveyed.
description: 10 pages, Plenary talk at 10th International Conference on Structure of Baryons (Baryons 2004), Palaiseau, France, 25-29 Oct 2004, 1 reference added, minor improvements
Exploring demand for forestry in Lake Victoria Basin (Western Kenya): An econometric approach
Creators: name: Jindal, Rohit
name: Jindal, Rohit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Kenya
subject: Lake Victoria
subject: demand
subject: tree seedlings
subject: attribute based method

description: This paper determines the demand for a forestry program amongst rural households in western Kenya. It is based on a field survey with 277 households, using a stratified random sampling approach. The study follows attribute based method to elicit farmers’ preferences. Demand is measured in terms of additional number of trees that a household is willing to plant under different price schedules, including direct economic incentive to plant new seedlings. The mean willingness to plant new trees per household increases from 44 trees when farmers have to pay 10ksh/seedling, to 244 trees when farmers receive a payment of 10ksh/seedling. The paper uses fixed effects, random effects and random effect tobit models to estimate relevant parameters. Hausman specification test is returned insignificant, while implies that random effects specification is not incorrect. Price of seedlings (negative effect), availability of timber species (positive effect), gender of the respondent (men likely to plant more trees than women), and availability of agricultural labor at the household (positive) were all found to be significant. Increase in price of a seedling by 1Ksh reduced demand by nine seedlings, while addition of an adult who works full-time on the family farm will raise the demand for seedlings by 18. Furthermore, farmers in Yala River basin were likely to plant more trees than those in the Nyando River basin.
A Semi-parametric Technique for the Quantitative Analysis of Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Images Based on Bayesian P-splines
Creators: name: Schmid, Volker J.
name: Whitcher, Brandon
name: Padhani, Anwar R.
name: Yang, Guang-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) is an important tool for detecting subtle kinetic changes in cancerous tissue. Quantitative analysis of DCE-MRI typically involves the convolution of an arterial input function (AIF) with a nonlinear pharmacokinetic model of the contrast agent concentration. Parameters of the kinetic model are biologically meaningful, but the optimization of the non-linear model has significant computational issues. In practice, convergence of the optimization algorithm is not guaranteed and the accuracy of the model fitting may be compromised. To overcome this problems, this paper proposes a semi-parametric penalized spline smoothing approach, with which the AIF is convolved with a set of B-splines to produce a design matrix using locally adaptive smoothing parameters based on Bayesian penalized spline models (P-splines). It has been shown that kinetic parameter estimation can be obtained from the resulting deconvolved response function, which also includes the onset of contrast enhancement. Detailed validation of the method, both with simulated and in vivo data, is provided.
Emerging Markets for GM Foods: A Study of Consumer's Willingness to Pay in India
Creators: name: Deodhar, Satish Y.
name: Ganesh, Sankar
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Deodhar, Satish Y.
name: Ganesh, Sankar
name: Chern, Wen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: GM Foods
subject: Golden Rice
subject: Bt cottonseed oil
subject: GM fed chicken
subject: Willingness to Pay
subject: Random utility approach
subject: Logit
subject: India.

description: A random utility approach is used to estimate logit equations which indicate what factors affect the likelihood of consumption of non-GM and GM foods, and, whether or not consumers are willing to pay a premium for non-GM/GM foods. Ceteris paribus as the price difference between non-GM and GM food rose, people were more likely to consume GM foods. Likelihood of GM food consumption was higher in the middle income brackets. Consumers were willing to pay an expected premium of 19.5% and 16.12% for golden rice and GM edible oil respectively. In case of chicken, consumers seemed to pay a very negligible premium for non-GM fed chicken. Overall, it appears that GM foods may be acceptable in the Indian market. However, basic awareness about the GM foods may have to be created among the consumers through government ministries, consumer interest groups, and biotech food-crop companies.