cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flight mechanics and control of escape manoeuvres in hummingbirds. II. Aerodynamic force production, flight control and performance limitations
Creators: name: Deng, Xinyan
name: Hedrick, Tyson L.
name: Wang, Yi
name: Chiu, George T.-C.
name: Cheng, Bo
name: Powers, Donald R.
name: Tobalske, Bret W.
name: Wethington, Susan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT The superior manoeuvrability of hummingbirds emerges from complex interactions of specialized neural and physiological processes with the unique flight dynamics of flapping wings. Escape manoeuvring is an ecologically relevant, natural behaviour of hummingbirds, from which we can gain understanding into the functional limits of vertebrate locomotor capacity. Here, we extend our kinematic analysis of escape manoeuvres from a companion paper to assess two potential limiting factors of the manoeuvring performance of hummingbirds: (1) muscle mechanical power output and (2) delays in the neural sensing and control system. We focused on the magnificent hummingbird (Eugenes fulgens, 7.8 g) and the black-chinned hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri, 3.1 g), which represent large and small species, respectively. We first estimated the aerodynamic forces, moments and the mechanical power of escape manoeuvres using measured wing kinematics. Comparing active-manoeuvring and passive-damping aerodynamic moments, we found that pitch dynamics were lightly damped and dominated by the effect of inertia, while roll dynamics were highly damped. To achieve observed closed-loop performance, pitch manoeuvres required faster sensorimotor transduction, as hummingbirds can only tolerate half the delay allowed in roll manoeuvres. Accordingly, our results suggested that pitch control may require a more sophisticated control strategy, such as those based on prediction. For the magnificent hummingbird, we estimated that escape manoeuvres required muscle mass-specific power 4.5 times that during hovering. Therefore, in addition to the limitation imposed by sensorimotor delays, muscle power could also limit the performance of escape manoeuvres.
Quality of Work Life and Organizational Culture Affecting the organization Commitment of Personnel of Local Government Organizations in Phanna Nikhom District Sakon Nakhon Province
Creators: name: Chadaporn Piayura
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Quality of Work Life
Organizational Culture
Organization Commitment

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 75-96
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 56.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 08.03.2008, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Perceived Fairness and Indicators of Cultural Differences in Thailand: A Case Study of Community Cultural Differences in Pathumthani Province
Creators: name: Wuttichai Saybunjaung
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: airness
Indicators
Culture

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 97-116
Des MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) aux OC (Online Courses) : les rhétoriques de l'ouverture (TiceMed10)
Creators: name: Gruson-Daniel Célya
name: Aïm Olivier
name: Sherlaw Karl-William
name: Depoux Anneliese
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: TiceMed
MOOC
open
industries culturelles et informationnelles
rhétoriques

description: Présentation proposée au colloque TiceMed10 : Des MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) aux OC (Online Courses) : les rhétoriques de l'ouverture

L’engouement médiatique qu’ont suscité les MOOC (Cours en Ligne Ouverts et Massifs) en 2012 puis en 2013 donne un éclairage sur nombre des enjeux actuels de l’enseignement à distance (EAD) dans le contexte d’un régime de diffusion des savoirs en transformation avec les technologies numériques. Dans l’acronyme MOOC, ce sont plus particulièrement les significations données au O de Open par les plateformes d’hébergement de ces cours qui constituent l’objet de notre étude. C’est en effet la question des rhétoriques de l’ouverture que nous explorons à travers l’examen de l’évolution des industries culturelles et informationnelles marquée par le développement d’un modèle économique dit « open ». Notre analyse repose sur une approche à la fois embarquée et surplombante de l’évolution de huit plateformes d’hébergement de MOOC depuis leur création jusqu’à aujourd’hui.
description: Les pré-actes sont disponibles en téléchargement sur la page du colloque : http://www.ticemed.eu/ticemed10-marseille-2016/ (bas de page)
title: Fixe Betalaktam/Tazobactam Kombinationen – Ein Fall für die kontinuierliche Gabe?
Creators: name: Dorn, Christoph
name: Kratzer, Alexander
name: Kees, Frieder
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Bei fixen Kombinationen von Arzneistoffen sollen aus pharmakologischer Sicht beide Kombinationspartner eine ähnliche Pharmakokinetik aufweisen. Tazobactam ist als fixe Kombination mit Piperacillin und seit wenigen Jahren auch mit Ceftolozan im Handel. Während Piperacillin mit ca. 1 Stunde [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Bad Honnef-Symposium 2019
title: Vergleich der Screeningwerte zur Carbapenemasedetektion nach EUCAST und des Nationalen Referenzzentrums für multiresistente gramnegative Erreger
Creators: name: Goer, Anna
name: Pfennigwerth, Niels
name: Gatermann, Sören
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Carbapenemasen bedingen bei Enterobacterales nicht immer eine Erhöhung der MHK bzw. eine Verringerung des Hemmhofs in den resistenten Bereich. Zudem gibt es andere Mechanismen die eine Carbapenemresistenz verursachen können. Aufgrund der derzeitig niedrigen Prävalenz von Carbapenemasen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Bad Honnef-Symposium 2019
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 142.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.06.2008, 06:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
title: Comparison of Vitek 2, three different gradient strip tests and broth microdilution in detecting vanB-positive Enterococcus faecium isolates with low vancomycin MICs
Creators: name: Klare, Ingo
name: Bender, Jennifer K.
name: Fleige, Carola
name: Kriebel, Nancy
name: Hamprecht, Axel
name: Gatermann, Sören
name: Werner, Guido
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objectives: EUCAST issued a warning regarding less reliable gradient strip tests for confirming vancomycin resistance in enterococci. We aimed at comparing performance of various diagnostic standard and confirmatory tests to identify and determine vanB-type vancomycin resistance in the most reliable[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Bad Honnef-Symposium 2019
Plasticity of upper thermal limits to acute and chronic temperature variation in Manduca sexta larvae
Creators: name: Kingsolver, Joel G.
name: MacLean, Heidi J.
name: Goddin, Silvan B.
name: Augustine, Kate E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT In many ectotherms, exposure to high temperatures can improve subsequent tolerance to higher temperatures. However, the differential effects of single, repeated or continuous exposure to high temperatures are less clear. We measured the effects of single heat shocks and of diurnally fluctuating or constant rearing temperatures on the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) for final instar larvae of Manduca sexta. Brief (2 h) heat shocks at temperatures of 35°C and above significantly increased CTmax relative to control temperatures (25°C). Increasing mean temperatures (from 25 to 30°C) or greater diurnal fluctuations (from constant to ±10°C) during larval development also significantly increased CTmax. Combining these data showed that repeated or continuous temperature exposure during development improved heat tolerance beyond the effects of a single exposure to the same maximum temperature. These results suggest that both acute and chronic temperature exposure can result in adaptive plasticity of upper thermal limits.
Vernonia lanata Cabrera, Hickenia
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Vernonia
Vernonia lanata

description: Vernonia lanata (Chodat) Cabrera, Hickenia 2(35): 155. 1995.
Herb.
 Vouchers: Caaguazú: Schinini et al. 36144 (G). Cordillera: Hassler 6867a (BM, G); Schinini 2211 (CTES); Schinini 2632 (CTES, G); Schinini 2633 (CTES). Guairá: Balansa 774, type (G). Paraguarí: Dematteis et al. 2803 (FCQ); Hassler 6867 (BM, G).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Monoaminergic integration of diet and social signals in the brains of juvenile spadefoot toads
Creators: name: Pfennig, Karin S.
name: Burmeister, Sabrina S.
name: Rodriguez Moncalvo, Verónica G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: ABSTRACT Social behavior often includes the production of species-specific signals (e.g. mating calls or visual displays) that evoke context-dependent behavioral responses from conspecifics. Monoamines are important neuromodulators that have been implicated in context-dependent social behavior, yet we know little about the development of monoaminergic systems and whether they mediate the effects of early life experiences on adult behavior. We examined the effects of diet and social signals on monoamines early in development in the plains spadefoot toad (Spea bombifrons), a species in which diet affects the developmental emergence of species recognition and body condition affects the expression of adult mating preferences. To do so, we manipulated the diet of juveniles for 6 weeks following metamorphosis and collected their brains 40 min following the presentation of either a conspecific or a heterospecific call. We measured levels of monoamines and their metabolites using high pressure liquid chromatography from tissue punches of the auditory midbrain (i.e. torus semicircularis), hypothalamus and preoptic area. We found that call type affected dopamine and noradrenaline signaling in the auditory midbrain and that diet affected dopamine and serotonin in the hypothalamus. In the preoptic area, we detected an interaction between diet and call type, indicating that diet modulates how the preoptic area integrates social information. Our results suggest that the responsiveness of monoamine systems varies across the brain and highlight preoptic dopamine and noradrenaline as candidates for mediating effects of early diet experience on later expression of social preferences.
title: VRE in Switzerland: from first case to the national spread
Creators: name: Buetti, Niccolò
name: Marschall, Jonas
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are multi-drug resistant microorganisms that cause healthcare-associated infections and are associated with an increased risk of mortality and length of hospital stay. In Switzerland, VRE incidence has not been monitored for infection control purposes[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Bad Honnef-Symposium 2019
Pyroptosis triggers pore-induced intracellular traps (PITs) that capture bacteria and lead to their clearance by efferocytosis
Creators: name: Zhang, Yue
name: Miao, Edward A.
name: Krantz, Bryan A.
name: Jorgensen, Ine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Inflammasomes activate caspase-1 in response to cytosolic contamination or perturbation. This inflammatory caspase triggers the opening of the GSDMD pore in the plasma membrane, resulting in lytic cell death called pyroptosis. We had previously assumed that pyroptosis releases intracellular bacteria to the extracellular space. Here, we find that viable bacteria instead remain trapped within the cellular debris of pyroptotic macrophages. This trapping appears to be an inevitable consequence of how osmotic lysis ruptures the plasma membrane, and may also apply to necroptosis and some forms of nonprogrammed necrosis. Although membrane tears release soluble cytosolic contents, they are small enough to retain organelles and bacteria. We call this structure the pore-induced intracellular trap (PIT), which is conceptually parallel to the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). The PIT coordinates innate immune responses via complement and scavenger receptors to drive recruitment of and efferocytosis by neutrophils. Ultimately, this secondary phagocyte kills the bacteria. Hence, caspase-1–driven pore-induced cell death triggers a multifaceted defense against intracellular bacteria facilitated by trapping the pathogen within the cellular debris. Bona fide intracellular bacterial pathogens, such as Salmonella , must prevent or delay pyroptosis to avoid being trapped in the PIT and subsequently killed by neutrophils.
Kildemoes et al. 2023_Supplementary Material.pdf
Creators: name: Højby Rasmussen, Michael
name: Juul Kildemoes, Rasmus
name: Kamal Lyauk, Yassine
name: Backeljauw, Philippe
name: Mori, Jun
name: Miller, Bradley
name: Blair, Joanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321405
subject: Pharmaceutical sciences
classificationCode: 320208
subject: Endocrinology
classificationCode: 321302
subject: Infant and child health

description: Supplementary Material for "Model-based analysis of IGF-I response, dosing, and monitoring for once-weekly somapacitan in children with GH deficiency"
Vernonia platyphylla Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boissier
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Vernonia
Vernonia platyphylla

description: Vernonia platyphylla Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2(2): 299. 1902.
 Syn.: Lessigianthus plalyphyllus (Chodat) H.Rob.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraná: Fiebrig 6031 (BM, G). Amambay: Dematteis & Schinini 865 (CTES, G); Hassler & Rojas 9971 (G). Canindeyú: Hassler 4777, type (G).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Methodology Citizen Panels
Creators: name: Kosow, Hannah
name: Dreyer, Marion
name: Bauer, Anja
name: Chonkova, Blagovesta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Societal engagement in research
Citizen panels
Method description

description: This deliverable of the EU-funded project PROSO describes the method of citizen panels as used in the PROSO project.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 280.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.12.2008, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma subtypes are characterized by loss of function of SETD2
Creators: name: Zhuang, Yuan
name: Gascoyne, Randy D.
name: Palus, Brooke C.
name: Dave, Sandeep S.
name: Tzeng, Tiffany J.
name: Yu, Jiayu
name: Datta, Jyotishka
name: McKinney, Matthew
name: Rajagopalan, Deepthi
name: Smith, Eileen C.
name: Tse, Eric
name: Iqbal, Javeed
name: Naresh, Kikkeri
name: Davis, Nicholas S.
name: Ondrejka, Sarah L.
name: Goodlad, John R.
name: Mannisto, Susanna
name: Rempel, Rachel E.
name: Kovanen, Panu E.
name: Said, Jonathan
name: Richards, Kristy L.
name: Chadburn, Amy
name: Leppa, Sirpa
name: Srivastava, Gopesh
name: Villa, Diego
name: Hsi, Eric D.
name: Teh, Chun Huat
name: Love, Cassandra
name: Au-Yeung, Rex K.H.
name: Kwong, Yok-Lam
name: Moffitt, Andrea B.
name: Healy, Jane A.
name: Levy, Shawn
name: Dunson, David B.
name: Lugar, Patricia L.
name: Czader, Magdalena B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma (EATL) is a lethal, and the most common, neoplastic complication of celiac disease. Here, we defined the genetic landscape of EATL through whole-exome sequencing of 69 EATL tumors. SETD2 was the most frequently silenced gene in EATL (32% of cases). The JAK-STAT pathway was the most frequently mutated pathway, with frequent mutations in STAT5B as well as JAK1 , JAK3 , STAT3 , and SOCS1 . We also identified mutations in KRAS , TP53 , and TERT . Type I EATL and type II EATL (monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma) had highly overlapping genetic alterations indicating shared mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis. We modeled the effects of SETD2 loss in vivo by developing a T cell–specific knockout mouse. These mice manifested an expansion of γδ T cells, indicating novel roles for SETD2 in T cell development and lymphomagenesis. Our data render the most comprehensive genetic portrait yet of this uncommon but lethal disease and may inform future classification schemes.
Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Spin Chain of a Few Cold Atoms in a One-Dimensional Trap
Creators: name: Murmann, Simon
name: Deuretzbacher, Frank
name: Zürn, Gerhard
name: Bjerlin, Johannes
name: Reimann, Stephanie M.
name: Santos, Luis
name: Lompe, Thomas
name: Jochim, Selim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the deterministic preparation of antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chains consisting of up to four fermionic atoms in a one-dimensional trap. These chains are stabilized by strong repulsive interactions between the two spin components without the need for an external periodic potential. We independently characterize the spin configuration of the chains by measuring the spin orientation of the outermost particle in the trap and by projecting the spatial wave function of one spin component on single-particle trap levels. Our results are in good agreement with a spin-chain model for fermionized particles and with numerically exact diagonalizations of the full few-fermion system.
Enzymatic lipid oxidation by eosinophils propagates coagulation, hemostasis, and thrombotic disease
Creators: name: Schabbauer, Gernot
name: Raaz-Schrauder, Dorette
name: Biburger, Markus
name: Mielenz, Dirk
name: Willeit, Johann
name: Zarbock, Alexander
name: Fillep, Tobias
name: Mackman, Nigel
name: Zellner, Katie R.
name: Stark, Konstantin
name: Rauh, Manfred
name: Santer, Peter
name: Gremmel, Thomas
name: Krönke, Gerhard
name: Collins, Peter W.
name: Herrmann, Martin
name: Ackermann, Jochen A.
name: Schubert, Irene
name: Mayr, Manuel
name: Miller, Meike
name: Massberg, Steffen
name: Heim, Christian
name: Uderhardt, Stefan
name: Thaler, Johannes
name: Dietel, Barbara
name: O'Donnell, Valerie B.
name: Kiechl, Stefan
name: Rossaint, Jan
name: Lee, James J.
name: Hammond, Victoria J.
name: Ay, Cihan
name: Voehringer, David
name: Schett, Georg
name: Nadler, Jerry L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Blood coagulation is essential for physiological hemostasis but simultaneously contributes to thrombotic disease. However, molecular and cellular events controlling initiation and propagation of coagulation are still incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate an unexpected role of eosinophils during plasmatic coagulation, hemostasis, and thrombosis. Using a large-scale epidemiological approach, we identified eosinophil cationic protein as an independent and predictive risk factor for thrombotic events in humans. Concurrent experiments showed that eosinophils contributed to intravascular thrombosis by exhibiting a strong endogenous thrombin-generation capacity that relied on the enzymatic generation and active provision of a procoagulant phospholipid surface enriched in 12/15-lipoxygenase–derived hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid–phosphatidylethanolamines. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of eosinophils and enzymatic lipid oxidation as regulatory elements that facilitate both hemostasis and thrombosis in response to vascular injury, thus identifying promising new targets for the treatment of thrombotic disease.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 161.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.07.2008, 12:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Vernonia profusa Dematteis & Cabrera, Candollea
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Vernonia
Vernonia profusa

description: Vernonia profusa Dematteis & Cabrera, Candollea 54: 105. 1999.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Amambay: Dematteis et al. 3398 (FCQ); Schinini et al. 30440, type (G, MO); Soria 6167 (FCQ). Canindeyú: Dematteis et al. 2843 (FCQ). Cordillera: Zardini & Degen 4285 (FCQ, MO).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Myeloid-derived cullin 3 promotes STAT3 phosphorylation by inhibiting OGT expression and protects against intestinal inflammation
Creators: name: Li, Lupeng
name: Lazenby, Audrey J.
name: Zhang, Zhibin
name: Li, Xinghui
name: Singer, Jeffrey D.
name: Gong, Wei
name: Wen, Haitao
name: Asara, John M.
name: Swanson, Benjamin J.
name: Herring, Laura E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key mediator of intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism that modulates STAT3 phosphorylation and activation is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that modification of STAT3 with O -linked β- N -acetylglucosamine ( O -GlcNAc) on threonine 717 (T717) negatively regulates its phosphorylation and targets gene expression in macrophages. We further found that cullin 3 (CUL3), a cullin family E3 ubiquitin ligase, down-regulates the expression of the O -GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and inhibits STAT3 O -GlcNAcylation. The inhibitory effect of CUL3 on OGT expression is dependent on nuclear factor E2–related factor-2 (Nrf2), which binds to the Ogt promoter region and increases gene transcription. Myeloid deletion of Cul3 led to defective STAT3 phosphorylation in colon macrophages, which was accompanied by exacerbated colonic inflammation and inflammation-driven tumorigenesis. Thus, this study identifies a new form of posttranslational modification of STAT3, modulating its phosphorylation, and suggests the importance of immunometabolism on colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 196.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 17.08.2008, 09:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 169.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.07.2008, 09:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
NLR members NLRC4 and NLRP3 mediate sterile inflammasome activation in microglia and astrocytes
Creators: name: David, Clément N.
name: Guo, Haitao
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Brickey, W. June
name: Jha, Sushmita
name: Freeman, Leslie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Inflammation in the brain accompanies several high-impact neurological diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroinflammation is sterile, as damage-associated molecular patterns rather than microbial pathogens elicit the response. The inflammasome, which leads to caspase-1 activation, is implicated in neuroinflammation. In this study, we reveal that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a molecule associated with neurodegeneration and demyelination, elicits NLRP3 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation in microglia and astrocytes, which are central players in neuroinflammation. LPC-activated inflammasome also requires ASC (apoptotic speck containing protein with a CARD), caspase-1, cathepsin-mediated degradation, calcium mobilization, and potassium efflux but not caspase-11. To study the physiological relevance, Nlrc4 −/− and Nlrp3 −/− mice are studied in the cuprizone model of neuroinflammation and demyelination. Mice lacking both genes show the most pronounced reduction in astrogliosis and microglial accumulation accompanied by decreased expression of the LPC receptor G2A, whereas MS patient samples show increased G2A. These results reveal that NLRC4 and NLRP3, which normally form distinct inflammasomes, activate an LPC-induced inflammasome and are important in astrogliosis and microgliosis.
Vernonia valenzuelae Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boissier
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Vernonia
Vernonia valenzuelae

description: Vernonia valenzuelae Chodat, Bull.Herb. Boissier, sér. 2(3): 641. 1903.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Cordillera: Fiebrig 859 (G, K); Hassler 6696 (BM, G, K); Soria 3194 (FCQ, SI). Paraguarí: Balansa 3058 (BAF).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Building a Cognitive Twin Using a Distributed Cognitive System and an Evolution Strategy
Creators: name: Gibaut, Wandemberg
name: Gudwin, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a technique to build interaction-based Cognitive Twins (a computational version of an external agent) using input-output training and an Evolution Strategy on top of a framework for distributed Cognitive Architectures. Here, we show that it's possible to orchestrate many simple physical and virtual devices to achieve good approximations of a person's interaction behavior by training the system in an end-to-end fashion and present performance metrics. The generated Cognitive Twin may later be used to automate tasks, generate more realistic human-like artificial agents or further investigate its behaviors.
description: first submitted on 09/22/2022, published on 01/20/2025
PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in STAT3 loss- and STAT1 gain-of-function patients
Creators: name: Break, Timothy J.
name: Barber, Daniel L.
name: Lyons, Jonathan J.
name: Zhao, Yongge
name: Lawrence, Monica G.
name: Holland, Steven M.
name: Ma, Chi A.
name: Milner, Joshua D.
name: Freeman, Alexandra F.
name: O'Connell, Michael P.
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Barber, John S.
name: López, Diego B.
name: Lionakis, Michail S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Patients with hypomorphic mutations in STAT3 and patients with hypermorphic mutations in STAT1 share several clinical and cellular phenotypes suggesting overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms. We, therefore, examined cytokine signaling and CD4 + T cell differentiation in these cohorts to characterize common pathways. As expected, differentiation of Th17 cells was impaired in both cohorts. We found that STAT1 was hyperphosphorylated in response to cytokine stimulation in both cohorts and that STAT1-dependent PD-L1 up-regulation—known to inhibit Th17 differentiation in mouse models—was markedly enhanced as well. Overexpression of SOCS3 strongly inhibited phosphorylation of STAT1 and PD-L1 up-regulation, suggesting that diminished SOCS3 expression may lead to the observed effects. Defects in Th17 differentiation could be partially overcome in vitro via PD-L1 inhibition and in a mouse model of STAT3 loss-of-function by crossing them with PD-1 knockout mice. PD-L1 may be a potential therapeutic target in several genetic diseases of immune deficiency affecting cytokine signaling.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 244.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.10.2008, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 131.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.06.2008, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Integration of family planning with maternal health services: an opportunity to increase postpartum modern contraceptive use in urban Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Achyut, Pranita
name: Nanda, Priya
name: Montana, Livia
name: Sengupta, Ranajit
name: Calhoun, Lisa M
name: Mishra, Anurag
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Maternal health (MH) services provide an invaluable opportunity to inform and educate women about family planning (FP). It is expected that this would enable women to choose an appropriate method and initiate contraception early in the postpartum period. In this study we examined interactions with health providers for MH services, and the effect of FP information provision during these interactions on the postpartum use of modern contraceptive methods.
Estimation of the True Evolutionary Distance under the Fragile Breakage Model
Creators: name: Alexeev, Nikita
name: Alekseyev, Max A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ability to estimate the evolutionary distance between extant genomes plays a crucial role in many phylogenomic studies. Often such estimation is based on the parsimony assumption, implying that the distance between two genomes can be estimated as the rearrangement distance equal the minimal number of genome rearrangements required to transform one genome into the other. However, in reality the parsimony assumption may not always hold, emphasizing the need for estimation that does not rely on the rearrangement distance. The distance that accounts for the actual (rather than minimal) number of rearrangements between two genomes is often referred to as the true evolutionary distance. While there exists a method for the true evolutionary distance estimation, it however assumes that genomes can be broken by rearrangements equally likely at any position in the course of evolution. This assumption, known as the random breakage model, has recently been refuted in favor of the more rigorous fragile breakage model postulating that only certain "fragile" genomic regions are prone to rearrangements. We propose a new method for estimating the true evolutionary distance between two genomes under the fragile breakage model. We evaluate the proposed method on simulated genomes, which show its high accuracy. We further apply the proposed method for estimation of evolutionary distances within a set of five yeast genomes and a set of two fish genomes.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 260.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.11.2008, 13:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Long-Time Asymptotics of a Bohmian Scalar Quantum Field in de Sitter Space-Time
Creators: name: Tumulka, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model quantum field theory with a scalar quantum field in de Sitter space-time in a Bohmian version with a field ontology, i.e., an actual field configuration $φ({\bf x},t)$ guided by a wave function on the space of field configurations. We analyze the asymptotics at late times ($t\to\infty$) and provide reason to believe that for more or less any wave function and initial field configuration, every Fourier coefficient $φ_{\bf k}(t)$ of the field is asymptotically of the form $c_{\bf k}\sqrt{1+{\bf k}^2 \exp(-2Ht)/H^2}$, where the limiting coefficients $c_{\bf k}=φ_{\bf k}(\infty)$ are independent of $t$ and $H$ is the Hubble constant quantifying the expansion rate of de Sitter space-time. In particular, every field mode $φ_{\bf k}$ possesses a limit as $t\to\infty$ and thus "freezes." This result is relevant to the question whether Boltzmann brains form in the late universe according to this theory, and supports that they do not.
description: 11 pages LaTeX, no figures; v2: section 5 added, and minor additions
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 222.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.09.2008, 06:15, erstellt von Michele Bianda
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 1.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Begonia fiebrigii C. DC., Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia fiebrigii

description: Begonia fiebrigii C.DC., Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2(6): 123, pl. 5. 1914.
Herb.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraná: Fiebrig 6313, type (B, BM, G, GH, US).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
LeaFi: Data Series Indexes on Steroids with Learned Filters
Creators: name: Wang, Qitong
name: Ileana, Ioana
name: Palpanas, Themis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ever-growing collections of data series create a pressing need for efficient similarity search, which serves as the backbone for various analytics pipelines. Recent studies have shown that tree-based series indexes excel in many scenarios. However, we observe a significant waste of effort during search, due to suboptimal pruning. To address this issue, we introduce LeaFi, a novel framework that uses machine learning models to boost pruning effectiveness of tree-based data series indexes. These models act as learned filters, which predict tight node-wise distance lower bounds that are used to make pruning decisions, thus, improving pruning effectiveness. We describe the LeaFi-enhanced index building algorithm, which selects leaf nodes and generates training data to insert and train machine learning models, as well as the LeaFi-enhanced search algorithm, which calibrates learned filters at query time to support the user-defined quality target of each query. Our experimental evaluation, using two different tree-based series indexes and five diverse datasets, demonstrates the advantages of the proposed approach. LeaFi-enhanced data-series indexes improve pruning ratio by up to 20x and search time by up to 32x, while maintaining a target recall of 99%.
description: This paper was published in Proc. ACM Manag. Data, Vol. 3, No. N1 (SIGMOD), Article 51. Publication date: February 2025
The structural basis of ryanodine receptor ion channel function
Creators: name: Meissner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Large-conductance Ca 2+ release channels known as ryanodine receptors (RyRs) mediate the release of Ca 2+ from an intracellular membrane compartment, the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum. There are three mammalian RyR isoforms: RyR1 is present in skeletal muscle; RyR2 is in heart muscle; and RyR3 is expressed at low levels in many tissues including brain, smooth muscle, and slow-twitch skeletal muscle. RyRs form large protein complexes comprising four 560-kD RyR subunits, four ∼12-kD FK506-binding proteins, and various accessory proteins including calmodulin, protein kinases, and protein phosphatases. RyRs share ∼70% sequence identity, with the greatest sequence similarity in the C-terminal region that forms the transmembrane, ion-conducting domain comprising ∼500 amino acids. The remaining ∼4,500 amino acids form the large regulatory cytoplasmic “foot” structure. Experimental evidence for Ca 2+ , ATP, phosphorylation, and redox-sensitive sites in the cytoplasmic structure have been described. Exogenous effectors include the two Ca 2+ releasing agents caffeine and ryanodine. Recent work describing the near atomic structures of mammalian skeletal and cardiac muscle RyRs provides a structural basis for the regulation of the RyRs by their multiple effectors.
Logarithmic tails of sums of products of positive random variables bounded by one
Creators: name: Kolodziejek, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60H25, secondary 60E99

description: In this paper we show under weak assumptions that for $R\stackrel{d}{=}1+M_1+M_1M_2+\ldots$, where $P(M\in[0,1])=1$ and $M_i$ are independent copies of $M$, we have $\ln P(R>x)\sim C\, x\ln P(M>1-\frac1x)$ as $x\to\infty$. The constant $C$ is given explicitly and its value depends on the rate of convergence of $\ln P(M>1-\frac1x)$. Random variable $R$ satisfies the stochastic equation $R\stackrel{d}{=}1+MR$ with $M$ and $R$ independent, thus this result fits into the study of tails of iterated random equations, or more specifically, of perpetuities.
description: 21 pages
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 201.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.08.2008, 07:15, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2008

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A Search for Subkilometer-sized Ordinary Chondrite Like Asteroids in the Main-Belt
Creators: name: Lin, H. W.
name: Yoshida, Fumi
name: Chen, Y. T.
name: Ip, W. H.
name: Chang, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size-dependent effects of asteroids on surface regolith and collisional lifetimes suggest that small asteroids are younger than large asteroids. In this study, we performed multicolor main-belt asteroid (MBA) survey by Subaru telescope/Suprime-Cam to search for subkilometer-sized ordinary chondrite (Q-type) like MBAs. The total survey area was 1.5 deg^2 near ecliptic plane and close to the opposition. We detected 150 MBAs with 4 bands (B, V , R, I) in this survey. The range of absolute magnitude of detected asteroids was between 13 and 22 magnitude, which is equivalent to the size range of kilometer to sub-kilometer diameter in MBAs. From this observation, 75 of 150 MBAs with color uncertainty less than 0.1 were used in the spectral type analysis, and two possible Q-type aster- oids were detected. This mean that the Q-type to S-type ratio in MBAs is < 0.05. Meanwhile, the Q/S ratio in near Earth asteroids (NEAs) has been estimated to be 0.5 to 2 (Binzel et al., 2004; Dandy et al., 2003). Therefore, Q-type NEAs might be delivered from the main belt region with weathered, S-type surface into near Earth region and then obtain their Q-type, non- weathered surface after undergoing re-surfacing process there. The resur- facing mechanisms could be: 1. dispersal of surface material by tidal effect during planetary encounters (Binzel et al., 2010; Nesvorny et al., 2010), 2. the YORP spin-up induced rotational-fission (Polishook et al., 2014) or surface re-arrangement, or 3. thermal degradation (Delbo et al., 2014).
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, Accepted to Icarus