cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Changes in Cortical Responses Caused by Learning Novel Optogenetic Stimuli
Creators: name: LaFosse, Paul Kristian
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Learning
subject: Optogenetics
subject: Visual cortex
subject: Two-photon imaging

description: Repeated experience with a sensory stimulus can cause perceptual learning, with cerebral cortical responses changing as behavioral improvement occurs. However, since sensory stimuli change the activity of neurons in many different areas of the brain, it has been unclear whether learning creates changes in the cortex, or whether changes in cortical activity reflect changes in afferent input. Here, to determine whether learning-related changes happen directly in local cortical circuits or if all changes occur in downstream areas, we take advantage of the fact animals can learn to base their behavior on non-natural (“off-manifold”) activity patterns evoked by direct stimulation, which allows us to reliably induce stimulation in the same cortical neurons on repeated trials, bypassing afferent areas. We trained mice to detect and report the presence of neural activity evoked by optogenetic stimulation (ChrimsonR in excitatory neurons of primary visual cortex, V1), and found large behavioral improvements as animals learned to detect this stimulus. Animals were first trained to detect a visual stimulus of varying contrast. An optogenetic stimulus was then paired with every visual stimulus. When performance increased for the lowest contrast visual stimulus, the visual stimulus was turned off and animals performed the task based on the optogenetic stimulus alone. As animals gained experience with the optogenetic stimulus presented alone, animals’ reaction time decreased (-15.9±3.8 ms, per training session, median±SEM, p<0.01, N=9 mice), and detection performance to the stimulus intensity improved (by over an order of magnitude). We imaged calcium responses in local V1 neurons before and after learning (before the optogenetic stimulus is presented and after animals’ detection performance for the optogenetic stimulus improved) and found changes in local cortical activity. Visual selectivity for direction and orientation was decreased by optogenetic learning, but overall neural responses became larger. These data suggest local cortical circuitry does adapt to support learning and that cortical processing of one type of stimulus (an ‘on-manifold’ visual stimulus) is degraded by learning another type of stimulus (an “off-manifold” optogenetic stimulus), while neural responses can be enhanced.
Associated non-prompt $J/ψ+ μ$ and $J/ψ+ J/ψ$ production at LHC as a test for TMD gluon density
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Malyshev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the associated production of $J/ψ$ mesons and muons originating from the $b$-flavored hadron decays and non-prompt double $J/ψ$ production at the LHC using the $k_T$-factorization approach. To describe the inclusive $b$-hadron decays into the different charmonium states we apply fragmentation approach and adopt fragmentation functions based on the non-relativistic QCD factorization. The transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon densities in a proton are determined using the Catani-Ciafaloni-Fiorani-Marchesini equation and Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. We investigate the effects coming from parton showers, estimate the double parton scattering contribution and compare our predictions with the first experimental data taken by the ATLAS and LHCb Collaborations at $\sqrt s = 8$~TeV. These data can serve as an additional test for TMD gluon density function in a proton.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Canonical Phase Diagrams of the 1-D Falicov-Kimball Model at T=0
Creators: name: Gajek, Z.
name: Jedrzejewski, J.
name: Lemanski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Falicov-Kimball model of spinless quantum electrons hopping on a 1-dimensional lattice and of immobile classical ions occupying some lattice sites, with only intrasite coupling between those particles, have been studied at zero temperature by means of well-controlled numerical procedures. For selected values of the unique coupling parameter $U$ the restricted phase diagrams (based on all the periodic configurations of localized particles (ions) with period not greater than 16 lattice constants, typically) have been constructed in the grand-canonical ensemble. Then these diagrams have been translated into the canonical ensemble. Compared to the diagrams obtained in other studies our ones contain more details, in particular they give better insight into the way the mixtures of periodic phases are formed. Our study has revealed several families of new characteristic phases like the generalized most homogeneous and the generalized crenel phases, a first example of a structural phase transition and a tendency to build up an additional symmetry -- the hole-particle symmetry with respect to the ions (electrons) only, as $U$ decreases.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures (not included)
Proposing "b-Parity" - a New Approximate Quantum Number in Inclusive b-jet Production - as an Efficient Probe of New Flavor Physics
Creators: name: Bar-Shalom, S.
name: Wudka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the inclusive reaction \ell^+ \ell^- -> nb +X (n = number of b-jets) in lepton colliders for which we propose a useful approximately conserved quantum number b_P=(-1)^n that we call b-Parity (b_P). We make the observation that the Standard Model (SM) is essentially b_P-even since SM b_P-violating signals are necessarily CKM suppressed. In contrast new flavor physics can produce b_P=-1 signals whose only significant SM background is due to b-jet misidentification. Thus, we show that b-jet counting, which relies primarily on b-tagging, becomes a very simple and sensitive probe of new flavor physics (i.e., of b_P-violation).
description: 5 pages using revtex, 2 figures embadded in the text using epsfig. As will appear in Phys.Rev.Lett.. Considerable improvement was made in the background calculation as compared to version 1, by including purity parameters, QCD effects and 4-jets processes
Neoprotoparmelia capitata Garima Singh, Lumbsch & I. Schmitt
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Neoprotoparmelia
Neoprotoparmelia capitata

description: Neoprotoparmelia capitata (Lendemer) Garima Singh, Lumbsch & I.Schmitt
NEW REPORT. — Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. J.A.R. Silva, ISE 52761. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 129, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Additional file 1: of A genome-scale metabolic model of potato late blight suggests a photosynthesis suppression mechanism
Creators: name: Botero, Kelly
name: Restrepo, Silvia
name: Pinzรณn, Andres
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Refined pathways in the metabolic network reconstruction. (PDF 88 kb)
Vacuum polarization of a quantized scalar field in the thermal state in a long throat
Creators: name: Popov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum polarization of scalar fields in the background of a long throat is investigated. The field is assumed to be both massive or massless, with arbitrary coupling to the scalar curvature, and in a thermal state at an arbitrary temperature. Analytical approximation for $\left< φ^2 \right>_{ren}$ is obtained.
description: 20 pages
Up-Down Unification, Neutrino Masses and Rare Lepton Decays
Creators: name: Babu, K. S.
name: Dutta, B.
name: Mohapatra, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, we showed that tree level up-down unification of fermion Yukawa couplings is a natural consequence of a large class of supersymmetric models. They can lead to viable quark masses and mixings for moderately large values of $\tanβ$ with interesting and testable predictions for CP violation in the hadronic sector. In this letter, we extend our discussion to the leptonic sector focusing on one particular class of these models, the supersymmetric left-right model with the seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses. We show that fitting the solar and the atmospheric neutrino data considerably restricts the Majorana-Yukawa couplings of the leptons in this model and leads to predictions for the decay $τ\to μ+γ$, which is found to be accessible to the next generation of rare decay searches. We also show that the resulting parameter space of the model is consistent with the requirements of generating adequate baryon asymmetry through lepton-number violating decays of the right-handed neutrino.
description: 16 pages, latex, 6 figures, typos corrected
title: Self-Organization in Housing Choices of Persons with Disabilities
Creators: name: Wolf-Branigin, Michael
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complexity theory
subject: Exploratory self-organization
subject: Community inclusion
subject: Disability
subject: Consumer choice

description: Copyright 2006 Taylor and Francis.
description: Complexity theory provides a promising exploratory framework for demonstrating quantifiable improvements of disability interventions. This paper introduces concepts of complex systems theory and applies one particular underlying concept, self-organizing, to a program providing housing and other support services to persons with disabilities. Using this specific component of complexity theory provides a beginning point to explore how consumers and their allies made choices on where their homes would be located.
Neoprotoparmelia pseudomultifera L. A. Santos, Lucking & Aptroot
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Neoprotoparmelia
Neoprotoparmelia pseudomultifera

description: Neoprotoparmelia pseudomultifera L.A.Santos, Lücking & Aptroot
NEW REPORT. — Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. J.A.R. Silva, ISE 52948. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 129, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Additional file 1: of The impact of a social norms approach on reducing levels of misperceptions around smokefree hospital entrances amongst patients, staff, and visitors of a NHS hospital: a repeated cross-sectional survey study
Creators: name: Crosby, Scott
name: Bell, Diane
name: Savva, Gerard
name: Edlin, Becky
name: Bewick, Bridgette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pinderfields hospital survey. (PDF 96 kb)
Liouville-type theorems for the stationary MHD equations in 2D
Creators: name: Wang, Wendong
name: Wang, Yuzhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This note is devoted to investigating Liouville type properties of the two dimensional stationary incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics equations. More precisely, under smallness conditions only on the magnetic field, we show that there are no non-trivial solutions to MHD equations either the Dirichlet integral or some $L^p$ norm of the velocity-magnetic fields are finite. In particular, these results generalize the corresponding Liouville type properties for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, such as Gilbarg-Weinberger \cite{GW1978} and Koch-Nadirashvili-Seregin-Sverak \cite{KNSS}, to the MHD setting.
Neutron inelastic scattering measurements on $^{136}$Xe at $E_{n}$ = 0.7 to 100 MeV
Creators: name: Daugherty, S. J.
name: Albert, J. B.
name: Kaufman, L. J.
name: Devlin, M.
name: Fotiades, N.
name: Nelson, R. O.
name: Krtička, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments searching for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0νββ$) require precise energy calibration and extremely low backgrounds. One of the most popular isotopes for $0νββ$ experiments is $^{136}$Xe. In support of these experiments, the neutron inelastic scattering properties of this isotope have been measured at the GErmanium Array for Neutron Induced Excitations (GEANIE) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Time-of-flight techniques are utilized with high-purity germanium detectors to search for inelastic scattering $γ$ rays for neutron energies between 0.7 and 100 MeV. Limits are set on production of yet-unobserved $γ$ rays in the energy range critical for $0νββ$ studies, and measurements are made of multiple $γ$-ray production cross sections. In particular, we have measured the production of the 1313 keV $γ$ ray which comes from the transition of the first-excited to ground state of $^{136}$Xe. This neutron-induced $γ$ line may be useful for a novel energy calibration technique, described in this paper.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys Rev C
title: Shared Reservoir as Irony: The Role of Social Identity in the Aral Sea Environmental Situation
Creators: name: Minde, Julie M.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Social Identity
subject: Development
subject: Uzbekistan
subject: Aral Sea
subject: Environment
subject: Neoliberal Economics

description: Social identity has been shown to significantly impact – or even to cause – conflicts. However, it appears to be a relatively unstudied influence in terms of situations of environmental crisis, Western development aid, and conflict over natural resources. This study attempts to address this gap using the case study of the Aral Sea environmental situation as it has played out in Uzbekistan. The hypothesis is that the Uzbek regime has been able to manipulate social identity of outsiders in order to fulfill its own agenda, garner benefits, and otherwise improve its means of control in Uzbekistan. The research investigates the role of history in Uzbekistan as well as post-Communist dynamics and factors and uses Charles Tilly’s mechanisms as a means of understanding the dynamics and processes involved in social identity manipulation. Additionally, Western professionals (e.g., academics, NGOs, IFIs, government workers) involved in the Aral Sea situation or related issues in Uzbekistan were targeted for study in order to determine their perceptions about the role of social identity in their work and in the situation in general. Interviews as well as an online survey were conducted. Results indicate that social identity has been a significant influence in the situation. However, the situation is extremely complex and requires further study.
Experimental Probes of the Randall-Sundrum Infinite Extra Dimension
Creators: name: Chung, Daniel J. H.
name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Everett, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenological possibilities of the Randall-Sundrum non-compact extra dimension scenario with the AdS horizon increased to approximately a millimeter length, corresponding to an effective brane tension of TeV^4, are investigated. The corrections to the Newtonian potential are found to be the only observationally accessible probe of this scenario, as previously suggested in the literature. In particular, the presence of the continuum of KK modes does not lead to any observable collider signatures. The extent to which experimental tests of Newtonian gravity can distinguish this scenario from the scenario of Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali with one and two millimeter size extra dimensions is explicitly demonstrated.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, references added
Remototrachyna costaricensis Divakar & A. Crespo
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Remototrachyna
Remototrachyna costaricensis

description: Remototrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Divakar & A.Crespo
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot 85596. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
MOESM1 of Altered Slc25 family gene expression as markers of mitochondrial dysfunction in brain regions under experimental mixed anxiety/depression-like disorder
Creators: name: Babenko, Vladimir
name: Smagin, Dmitry
name: Galyamina, Anna
name: Kovalenko, Irina
name: Kudryavtseva, Natalia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Mitochondrial solute carrier Slc25* gene family with changed expression in brain regions under agonistic interactions in male mice. Table S2. Differentially expressed Mrp* genes in different brain regions of the winners and losers [33, 38]. Table S3. Exon skipping events observed in 5 brain regions for Slc25* gene family.
Remototrachyna consimilis Flakus, Kukwa & Sipman
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Remototrachyna
Remototrachyna consimilis

description: Remototrachyna consimilis (Vain.) Flakus, Kukwa & Sipman
 PREVIOUS REPORT. — Sipman et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Regenerated Cellulose Fiber Solar Cell
Creators: name: Ebner, Michael
name: Schennach, Robert
name: Chien, Huei-Ting
name: Mayrhofer, Claudia
name: Zankel, Armin
name: Friedel, Bettina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wearable electronics and smart textiles are growing fields in the cause to integrate modern communication and computing tools into clothing instead of carrying around smart phones and tablets. Naturally, this also requires power sources to be integrated in textiles. In this paper, a proof-of-concept is presented in form of a photovoltaic cell based on a commercially available viscose fiber. This has been realized using a silver nanowire network around the viscose fiber to establish electrical contact and a photoactive coating using the standard workhorse among organic thin film solar cells, a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Structure and performance of single fiber devices demonstrate their feasibility and functionality. The applied materials and methods are compatible to solution processing therewith qualifying for potential roll-to-roll large-scale production.
title: Beauty Shops and Civil War: Women in Liberia
Creators: name: Burr Singla, Lindsay
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Women
subject: Informal networks
subject: Civil war
subject: Gendered space
subject: Conflict
subject: Civilians

description: This thesis focuses on the experiences of women at beauty shops during violent civil conflict. Though beauty services would seem to be a peacetime activity, the women in this study indicated they continued to patronize beauty shops throughout the violent civil war. The aim of this study is to shed light on the invisible interactions of women and to find benefits associated with their time at beauty shops beyond the specific beauty services. Beauticians continued to find ways to offer their services during the civil war. Clients found ways to partake in beauty services despite there being physical risks to do so. Findings of this study may provide resources for navigating the end of a violent conflict, during peace building and reconstruction. The case study is the Liberian second civil war and respondents were in Monrovia, the capital, and surrounding areas during the conflict.
Isospin violation and the proton's neutral weak magnetic form factor
Creators: name: Lewis, Randy
name: Mobed, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of isospin violation on the neutral weak magnetic form factor of the proton are studied using two-flavour chiral perturbation theory. The first nonzero contributions appear at O(p^4) in the small-momentum expansion, and the O(p^5) corrections are also calculated. The leading contributions from an explicit Delta(1232) isomultiplet are included as well. At such a high order in the chiral expansion, one might have expected a large number of unknown parameters to contribute. However, it is found that no unknown parameters can appear within loop diagrams, and a single tree-level counterterm at O(p^4) is sufficient to absorb all divergences. The momentum dependence of the neutral weak magnetic form factor is not affected by this counterterm.
description: 26 pages including 9 figures
Constraining the geometry of the nuclear wind in PDS 456 using a novel emission model
Creators: name: Luminari, A.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Tombesi, F.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Piro, L.
name: Vagnetti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows from active galactic nuclei (AGN) are often invoked to explain the co-evolution of AGN and their host galaxies, and the scaling relations between the central black hole mass and the bulge velocity dispersion. Nuclear winds are often seen in the X-ray spectra through Fe K shell transitions and some of them are called ultra fast outflows (UFOs) due to their high velocities, up to some fractions of the speed of light. If they were able to transfer some percentage of the AGN luminosity to the host galaxy, this might be enough to trigger an efficient feedback mechanism. We aim to establish new constraints on the covering fraction and on the kinematic properties of the UFO in the powerful (L(bol) ~ 10^(47) erg/s) quasar PDS 456, an established Rosetta stone for studying AGN feedback from disk winds. This will allow us to estimate the mass outflow rate and the energy transfer rate of the wind, which are key quantities to understand the potential impact on the host galaxy. We analyze two sets of simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations taken in September 2013 and reported in Nardini et al. (2015) as having similar broadband spectral properties. We fit the Fe K features with a P-Cygni profile between 5 and 14 keV, using a novel Monte Carlo model for the WINd Emission (WINE). We find an outflow velocity ranging from 0.17 to 0.28 c, with a mean value of 0.23 c. We obtain an opening angle of the wind of 71(+13,-8) deg and a covering fraction of 0.7(+0.2,-0.3), suggesting a wide-angle outflow. We check the reliability of the WINE model by performing extensive simulations of joint XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations. Furthermore, we test the accuracy of the WINE model in recovering the geometrical properties of UFOs by simulating observations with the forthcoming X-ray observatory ATHENA.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Substituting Quantum Entanglement for Communication
Creators: name: Cleve, Richard
name: Buhrman, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum entanglement can be used as a substitute for communication when the goal is to compute a function whose input data is distributed among remote parties. Specifically, we show that, for a particular function among three parties (each of which possesses part of the function's input), a prior quantum entanglement enables one of them to learn the value of the function with only two bits of communication occurring among the parties, whereas, without quantum entanglement, three bits of communication are necessary. This result contrasts the well-known fact that quantum entanglement cannot be used to simulate communication among remote parties.
description: 4 pages REVTeX, no figures. Minor corrections
title: What Do We Do If the Saudi Monarchy Falls?
Creators: name: Katz, Mark N.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Saudi Arabia
subject: United States
subject: Foreign policy
subject: International relations

description: The definitive version of this document can be found at http://tinyurl.com/4cu7ap This document was created using OCR technology, and may contain minor discrepancies from the published document.
description: Although by no means a certainty, the growing internal problems inside the Kingdom as well as the increased strains in Saudi-American relations since September 11 both indicate that the downfall ofthe monarchy may be more likely now than in the past. How could America respond to such an eventuality? The impact ofthis "worst case" scenario would be so enormous that some thought clearly needs to be given to what U.S. foreign policy options might be even ifthe probability ofits occurrence is seen as low. Ifthe probability ofthis scenario is seen as high, then this task is even more urgent. This paper argues that while responding to the downfall ofthe Saudi monarchy will not be easy, there are some strategies that the United States can adopt to contain the threat that it will pose.
The energy-momentum tensor of gravitational waves, Wyman spacetime and freely falling observers
Creators: name: Formiga, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good definition for the energy momentum tensor of gravity (EMTG) in General Relativity (GR) is a hard, if not impossible, task. On the other hand, in its teleparallel version, known as The Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity (TEGR), one can define the EMTG in a very satisfactory way. In this paper, it is proved that the EMTG of TEGR for linearized gravitational waves (GWs) is the same as the version of GR that is usually given in the literature. In addition, the exact version of the EMTG for a $pp-$wave with a $+$ polarization is obtained in a freely falling frame (FFF). Unlike the previous case, the energy density can be either positive or negative, depending on the details of the wave. The gravitational energy density for the Wyman spacetimes is obtained both in a static frame and in a FFF. It turns out that observers in free fall can measure the effects of gravity.
description: 14 pages
Rinodina guianensis Aptroot
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Caliciales
Physciaceae
Rinodina
Rinodina guianensis

description: Rinodina guianensis Aptroot
 PREVIOUS REPORT. — Giralt et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Discontinuous Interface Depinning from a Rough Wall
Creators: name: Giugliarelli, G.
name: Stella, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depinning of an interface from a random self--affine substrate with roughness exponent $ζ_S$ is studied in systems with short--range interactions. In 2$D$ transfer matrix results show that for $ζ_S<1/2$ depinning falls in the universality class of the flat case. When $ζ_S$ exceeds the roughness ($ζ_0=1/2$) of the interface in the bulk, geometrical disorder becomes relevant and, moreover, depinning becomes \underline{discontinuous}. The same unexpected scenario, and a precise location of the associated tricritical point, are obtained for a simplified hierarchical model. It is inferred that, in 3$D$, with $ζ_0=0$, depinning turns first--order already for $ζ_S>0$. Thus critical wetting may be impossible to observe on rough substrates.
description: REVTeX (9 pages), 4 postscript figures, tarred, gzipped, uuencoded using `uufiles', coming with a separate file. Some revisions of abstract and results discussion and their theoretical and experimental implications have been done
title: Paper: Paul Mbau, October 1980
Creators: name: Mbau, Paul
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Energy
subject: Public transportation
subject: Nairobi (Kenya)

description: Paper: photocopied, 11" x 8.5" (29.7 cm x 21.6 cm)
description: The Impact of Energy and Environmental Factors on Transportation System Planning and Development, with Particular Reference to the City of Nairobi, Kenya, by Paul Mbau, City Engineer, Nairobi, Kenya, October 1980. This paper, authored by Paul Mbau is divided in two parts, in the first part Mbau attempts to evaluate the impact of environmental factors on the planning and development of public transportation; an account of the various measures that the Kenyan government intends to take to conserve energy in urban areas and their effects on the transportation system. The second part is a review of the environmental impact methodologies which are classified in three functions: identification, prediction, and evaluation; the second part includes charts and graphs. Planned Community Archives Collection, 421.04.
Additional file 3: of Impact of vaccine delays at the 2, 4, 6 and 12 month visits on incomplete vaccination status by 24 months of age in Quebec, Canada
Creators: name: Kiely, Marilou
name: Boulianne, Nicole
name: Talbot, Denis
name: Manale Ouakki
name: Guay, Maryse
name: Landry, Monique
name: Sauvageau, Chantal
name: Serres, Gaston
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: New vaccine delays at 2, 4, 6 and 12 months by vaccine provider and survey year, 1-year and 2-year cohorts, 2006–2016. (DOCX 17 kb)
title: Digital Campus Podcast - Episode 106 - Back to the Future of Digital Humanities
Creators: name: Roy Rosenzweig Center For History And New Media, /
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social networking
subject: Teaching
subject: Twitter

description: Originally published by the Center for History and New Media through the Digital Campus podcast (http://digitalcampus.tv). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
description: Stephen Robertson hosted this episode and was joined by the whole crew of Dan Cohen, Amanda French, Mills Kelly, and Tom Scheinfeldt, as well as the digital history fellows, Anne Ladyem McDivitt and Alyssa Toby Fahringer, as producers. Important upcoming trends in digital humanities and educational technology were discussed, as well as the ongoing struggles of utilizing technologies on campus and their value to academia. The conversation then moved to the changing nature of Twitter. The group debated the usefulness of Twitter and the purpose it fulfills in an academic environment. Dan also laments his struggles with being the go-to historian for Answers.com.
Deploying South African Social Honeypots on Twitter
Creators: name: Cornelissen, Laurenz A
name: Barnett, Richard J
name: Kepa, Morakane AM
name: Loebenberg-Novitzkas, Daniel
name: Jordaan, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the simple, yet effective, method of tweeting gibberish to attract automated social agents (bots), we attempt to create localised honeypots in the South African political context. We produce a series of defined techniques and combine them to generate interactions from users on Twitter. The paper offers two key contributions. Conceptually, an argument is made that honeypots should not be confused for bot detection methods, but are rather methods to capture low-quality users. Secondly, we successfully generate a list of 288 local low quality users active in the political context.
title: Women as Agents of Change: Case Study of Pakistan
Creators: name: Kazepis, Musarrat
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pakistan's penal code
subject: Gender violence
subject: Pakistani Constitution
subject: Cultural violence
subject: Discrimination against women
subject: Women agency

description: There exists a conflict between the constitutional commitment to equality and the politicization of Islam in both the official law and the traditional law. Although the fundamental rights chapter of the Constitution guarantees equality before the law, the pursuit of gender equality has often been sacrificed to religious-­‐cultural assertions that define and often limit women’s status. Culturally, women are viewed inferior to men, due to deep-­‐rooted mores and customs. These sentiments mirror into the reality of daily life where women seem to be bound by a different set of social and legal rules. In Pakistan, as elsewhere, there exists a gendered division between the public and private spheres, which has greatly assisted to shield and protect abusive, violent practices. The local context is therefore a motivating factor for the women’s movement in Pakistan. The pursuit of gender equality can thrive best if women are guaranteed of an equal right to participate in the definition of fundamental rights and freedoms implemented into the legal processes, and are also actively in the process of the renegotiation of religious and cultural norms. This study seeks to contextualize and analyze the various representative discourses in order to come to an understanding of the possible cultural, religious, and historical reasons that create the circumstances for a family member to kill or hurt a female member, often in the name and sake of family honor. Honor crimes and the laws and procedures around honor killings will serve as a central study for this thesis, but the related violent act of acid throwing will also be considered in the scope of physical violence. Pakistan is in a state of flux, and women are playing an increasingly active role in the country’s social, political, and legal transformation. The judiciary could perform an important role in bringing justice to the victims of gender violence such as honor crimes, and in curbing crimes of physical violence against women. Within Pakistan’s civil society, women activists are advocating the implementation of strategies to limit gender violence, actively engaging in a process to build a judicial framework that eliminates the inequality and discrimination against women based on religious and cultural norms that contribute to the perpetuation of gender violence.
An Exact Quantum Polynomial-Time Algorithm for Simon's Problem
Creators: name: Brassard, Gilles
name: Hoyer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the power of quantum computers when they are required to return an answer that is guaranteed to be correct after a time that is upper-bounded by a polynomial in the worst case. We show that a natural generalization of Simon's problem can be solved in this way, whereas previous algorithms required quantum polynomial time in the expected sense only, without upper bounds on the worst-case running time. This is achieved by generalizing both Simon's and Grover's algorithms and combining them in a novel way. It follows that there is a decision problem that can be solved in exact quantum polynomial time, which would require expected exponential time on any classical bounded-error probabilistic computer if the data is supplied as a black box.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX2e, no figures. To appear in Proceedings of the Fifth Israeli Symposium on Theory of Computing and Systems (ISTCS'97)
A Network Topology Approach to Bot Classification
Creators: name: Cornelissen, Laurenz A
name: Barnett, Richard J
name: Schoonwinkel, Petrus
name: Eichstadt, Brent D.
name: Magodla, Hluma B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automated social agents, or bots, are increasingly becoming a problem on social media platforms. There is a growing body of literature and multiple tools to aid in the detection of such agents on online social networking platforms. We propose that the social network topology of a user would be sufficient to determine whether the user is a automated agent or a human. To test this, we use a publicly available dataset containing users on Twitter labelled as either automated social agent or human. Using an unsupervised machine learning approach, we obtain a detection accuracy rate of 70%.
Multisymplectic structures and invariant tensors for Lie systems
Creators: name: Gràcia, X.
name: de Lucas, J.
name: Muñoz-Lecanda, M. C.
name: Vilariño, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A26 (primary), 34A05, 34C14, 53C15, 16T15 (secondary)

description: A Lie system is the non-autonomous system of differential equations describing the integral curves of a non-autonomous vector field taking values in a finite-dimensional Lie algebra of vector fields, a so-called Vessiot--Guldberg Lie algebra. This work pioneers the analysis of Lie systems admitting a Vessiot--Guldberg Lie algebra of Hamiltonian vector fields relative to a multisymplectic structure: the multisymplectic Lie systems. Geometric methods are developed to consider a Lie system as a multisymplectic one. By attaching a multisymplectic Lie system via its multisymplectic structure with a tensor coalgebra, we find methods to derive superposition rules, constants of motion, and invariant tensor fields relative to the evolution of the multisymplectic Lie system. Our results are illustrated with examples occurring in physics, mathematics, and control theory.
description: 33 pages
A phenomenological description of $K\toππγ$ magnetic transitions
Creators: name: D'Ambrosio, Giancarlo
name: Gao, Dao-Neng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phenomenological analysis of $K\to ππγ$ ($K_L\toπ^+π^-γ$ and $K^+\toπ^+π^0γ$) with the direct emission photon is carried out beyond the leading order in the chiral perturbation theory. We show that the experimental evidence for the large photon energy dependence of the magnetic amplitude in $K_L\toπ^+π^-γ$ seems to indicate an interesting consequence: vector meson dominance must be implemented at $O(p^4)$, which is not a general feature of the chiral perturbation theory. The phenomenology of $K^+\toπ^+π^0γ$ is also analyzed using the same scheme.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, using JHEP.cls, minor changes, version for publication
Sagenidiopsis undulata Egea, Tehler, Torrente & Sipman
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Arthoniomycetes
Arthoniales
Roccellaceae
Sagenidiopsis
Sagenidiopsis undulata

description: Sagenidiopsis undulata (Fée) Egea, Tehler, Torrente & Sipman
NEW REPORT. — Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. J.A.R. Silva, ISE 52552. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Dynamical Instability of Spherical Anisotropic Sources in $f(R,T,R_{μν}T^{μν})$ Gravity
Creators: name: Yousaf, Z.
name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Bhatti, M. Z.
name: Farwa, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the effects of modification of gravity on the problem of dynamical instability of the spherical relativistic anisotropic interiors. We have considered non-zero influence of expansion scalar throughout during the evolutionary phases of spherical geometry that led to the use of fluid stiffness parameter. The modified hydrostatic equation for the stellar anisotropic matter distributions is constructed and then solved by using radial perturbation scheme. Such a differential equation can be further used to obtain instability constraints at both weak field and post-Newtonian approximations after considering a particular Harrison-Wheeler equation of state. This approach allows us to deal with the effects of usual and effective matter variables on the stability exotic stellar of self-gravitating structures.
description: 24 pages, no figure, version accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal A
title: The History of USENET
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2007

description: Usenet, an Internet discussion board pioneer, marks its 25th anniversary in 2004. Users from around the world have gathered at Usenet’s virtual roundtables to discuss topics ranging from aeronautics to zoology, in the process creating vibrant global communities surrounding thousands of subjects and fields. To honor Usenet’s place in the Internet revolution, Echo created this site to gather important recollections of Usenet history. Hosted at chnm.gmu.edu/mars/usenet.
title: Disability and Abuse in Relation to Substance Abuse: A Descriptive Analysis
Creators: name: Wolf-Branigin, Michael
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disability
subject: Substance Abuse
subject: Complex systems
subject: Domestic violence
subject: Sexual abuse

description: Copyright 2007 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
description: This analysis reviewed five years of a state’s substance abuse treatment admissions and discharges in order to identify specific patterns among persons who had a disability. Using a series of group comparisons, Chi-squares, and logistic regressions, specific patterns of violence and abuse to this population were identified. Results indicate that persons who had a disability and abused substances were more likely to be victimized by physical abuse and domestic violence when compared with their peers without a disability. A person with a disability had about one-half to one-third the odds of receiving long-term residential, short-term residential and intensive outpatient care when compared with persons without a disability.
The suppression of $πN N(1535)$ coupling in QCD
Creators: name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light cone QCD sum rules are employed to calculate the $πN N(1535)$ coupling $g_{πN N^\ast}$. We study the two point correlation function of two nucleon currents sandwiched between the vacuum and the pion state. The contribution from the excited states and the continuum is subtracted cleanly through double Borel transformation with respect to the nucleon and N(1535) momenta, $p_1^2$, $p_2^2=(p-q)^2$. Our calculation shows that the $πN N(1535)$ coupling is strongly suppressed.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Induced Spatial Geometry from Causal Structure
Creators: name: Eichhorn, Astrid
name: Surya, Sumati
name: Versteegen, Fleur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the Hawking-King-McCarthy-Malament (HKMM) theorem and the associated reconstruction of spacetime geometry from its causal structure $(M,\prec)$ and local volume element $ε$, we define a one-parameter family of spatial distance functions on a Cauchy hypersurface $Σ$ using only $(M,\prec)$ and $ε$. The parameter corresponds to a "mesoscale" cut-off which, when appropriately chosen, provides a distance function which approximates the induced spatial distance function to leading order. This admits a straightforward generalisation to the discrete analogue of a Cauchy hypersurface in a causal set. For causal sets which are approximated by continuum spacetimes, this distance function approaches the continuum induced distance when the mesoscale is much smaller than the scale of the extrinsic curvature of the hypersurface, but much larger than the discreteness scale. We verify these expectations by performing extensive numerical simulations of causal sets which are approximated by simple spacetime regions in 2 and 3 spacetime dimensions.
description: 38 pages, 24 figures