cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Service Stations and Petroleum Refinery Environments Using Probabilistic Techniques
Creators: name: Edokpolo, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (VAHs)
subject: Exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX)
subject: Refinery employees, Workplace safety
subject: Petrol station employees, Workplace safety
subject: Workplace health and safety, Petroleun industries

description: Petroleum refinery workers and service station attendants are continually exposed to benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) due to the emission of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (VAHs) in these environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the health risk from exposure to BTX in service stations and benzene in petroleum refinery environments by using probabilistic techniques as well as development of exposure guidelines for risk to human health with benzene. The health risk resulting from exposure to BTX in service stations and benzene exposure in petroleum refineries was carried out by using data from scientific literature from 21 countries globally based on 23 research papers. The data were collected and collated into different scenarios for service stations and petroleum refinery environments based on activity, location and occupation and were plotted as cumulative probability distributions (CPD) plots. There were 6 scenarios for service station environments and 4 scenarios for petroleum refinery environments. The exposure data from service stations and petroleum refinery environments were calculated in terms of average daily dose (ADD) and lifetime average daily dose (LADD).
S-folds and (non-)supersymmetric Janus solutions
Creators: name: Guarino, Adolfo
name: Sterckx, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The S-fold description of Janus-type solutions of type IIB supergravity is investigated. This is done by first studying a $\,\textrm{U}(1) \times \textrm{U}(1)\,$ invariant sector of the four-dimensional dyonically-gauged $\,{[\,\textrm{SO}(1,1) \times \textrm{SO}(6)\,] \ltimes \mathbb{R}^{12}}\,$ maximal supergravity that arises upon reduction of type IIB supergravity on $\,\mathbb{R} \, \times \, \textrm{S}^{5}\,$. Two AdS$_{4}$ solutions preserving $\,\textrm{SU}(3)\,$ and $\,\textrm{SO}(6)\,$ gauge symmetry together with $\,\mathcal{N}=1\,$ and $\,\mathcal{N}=0\,$ supersymmetry are found within this sector. Fetching techniques from the E$_{7(7)}$ exceptional field theory, these solutions are uplifted to ten-dimensional S-folds of type IIB Janus-type solutions of the form $\,\textrm{AdS}_{4} \times \mathbb{R} \times \textrm{M}_{5}\,$. The solutions presented here are natural candidates for the holographic duals of three-dimensional $\,\mathcal{N}=1\,$ and $\,\mathcal{N}=0\,$ interface super-Yang--Mills theories with $\,\textrm{SU}(3)\,$ and $\,\textrm{SU}(4)\,$ internal symmetry.
description: 27 pages, 1 table. v2: minor corrections, typos fixed and new section added with a summary of results. To appear in JHEP
Quantum Vision Transformers for Quark-Gluon Classification
Creators: name: Cara, Marçal Comajoan
name: Dahale, Gopal Ramesh
name: Dong, Zhongtian
name: Forestano, Roy T.
name: Gleyzer, Sergei
name: Justice, Daniel
name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Magorsch, Tom
name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Matcheva, Katia
name: Unlu, Eyup B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q12 (Primary) 81P68, 68T07 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical vision transformer architecture, notable for its integration of variational quantum circuits within both the attention mechanism and the multi-layer perceptrons. The research addresses the critical challenge of computational efficiency and resource constraints in analyzing data from the upcoming High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, presenting the architecture as a potential solution. In particular, we evaluate our method by applying the model to multi-detector jet images from CMS Open Data. The goal is to distinguish quark-initiated from gluon-initiated jets. We successfully train the quantum model and evaluate it via numerical simulations. Using this approach, we achieve classification performance almost on par with the one obtained with the completely classical architecture, considering a similar number of parameters.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Published in MDPI Axioms 2024, 13(5), 323
Generation of strain-induced pseudo-magnetic field in a doped type-II Weyl semimetal
Creators: name: Kamboj, Suman
name: Rana, Partha Sarathi
name: Sirohi, Anshu
name: Vasdev, Aastha
name: Mandal, Manasi
name: Marik, Sourav
name: Singh, Ravi Prakash
name: Das, Tanmoy
name: Sheet, Goutam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Weyl semimetals, there is an intriguing possibility of realizing a pseudo-magnetic field in presence of small strain due to certain special cases of static deformations. This pseudo-magnetic field can be large enough to form quantized Landau levels and thus become observable in Weyl semimetals. In this paper, we experimentally show the emergence of a pseudo-magnetic field (~ 3 Tesla) by Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) on the doped Weyl semimetal Re-MoTe2, where distinct Landau level oscillations in the tunneling conductance are clearly resolved. The crystal lattice is intrinsically strained where large area STM imaging of the surface reveals differently strained domains where atomic scale deformations exist forming topographic ripples with varying periodicity in the real space. The effect of pseudo-magnetic field is clearly resolved in areas under maximum strain.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A representative sample of Be stars III: H band spectroscopy
Creators: name: Steele, I. A.
name: Clark, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present H band (1.53 - 1.69 micron) spectra of 57 isolated Be stars of spectral types O9-B9 and luminosity classes III,IV & V. The HI Brackett (n-4) series is seen in emission from Br 11-18, and FeII emission is also apparent for a subset of those stars with HI emission. No emission from species with a higher excitation temperature, such as He II or CIII is seen, and no forbidden line emission is present. A subset of 12 stars show no evidence for emission from any species; these stars appear indistinguishable from normal B stars of a comparable spectral type. In general the line ratios constructed from the transitions in the range Br 11-18 do not fit case B recombination theory particularly well. Strong correlations between the line ratios with Br-gamma and spectral type are found. These results most likely represent systematic variations in the temperature and ionization of the circumstellar disc with spectral type. Weak correlations between the line widths and projected rotational velocity of the stars are observed; however no systematic trend for increasing line width through the Brackett series is observed.
description: accepted for publication in A&A (this version correctly formatted)
Multimode collective scattering of light in free space by a cold atomic gas
Creators: name: Ayllon, R.
name: Mendonça, J. T.
name: Gisbert, A. T.
name: Piovella, N.
name: Robb, G. R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied collective recoil lasing by a cold atomic gas, scattering photons from an incident laser into many radiation modes in free space. The model consists of a system of classical equations for the atomic motion of N atoms, where the radiation field has been adiabatically eliminated. We performed numerical simulations using a molecular dynamics code, Pretty Efficient Parallel Coulomb Solver or PEPC, to track the trajectories of the atoms. These simulations show the formation of an atomic density grating and collective enhancement of scattered light, both of which are sensitive to the shape and orientation of the atomic cloud. In the case of an initially circular cloud, the dynamical evolution of the cloud shape plays an important role in the development of the density grating and collective scattering. The ability to use efficient molecular dynamics codes will be a useful tool for the study of the multimode interaction between light and cold gases.
A Novel Approach to Non linear Shock Acceleration
Creators: name: Blasi, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First order Fermi acceleration at astrophysical shocks is often invoked as a mechanism for the generation of non-thermal particles. This mechanism is especially simple in the approximation that the accelerated particles behave like test particles, not affecting the shocked fluid. Many complications enter the calculations when the accelerated particles have a backreaction on the fluid, in which case we may enter the non linear regime of shock acceleration. In this paper we summarize the main features of a semi-analytical approach to the study of the non linearity in shock acceleration, and compare some of the results with previous attempts and with the output of numerical simulations.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the TAUP conference, September 8-12, 2001 - Gran Sasso Laboratory, Italy
Spontaneous generation of spin current from the vacuum by strong electric fields
Creators: name: Huang, Xu-Guang
name: Matsuo, Mamoru
name: Taya, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss spontaneous spin current generation from the vacuum by strong electric fields as a result of interplay between the Schwinger mechanism and a spin-orbit coupling. By considering a homogeneous slow strong electric field superimposed by a fast weak transverse electric field, we explicitly evaluate the vacuum expectation value of a spin current (the Bargmann-Wigner spin current) by numerically solving the Dirac equation. We show that a non-vanishing spin current polarized in the direction perpendicular to the electric fields flows mostly in the longitudinal direction. We also find that a relativistic effect due to the helicity conservation affects direction/polarization of spin current.
description: v2: 16 pages, 5 figures; discussions and references added
GRB 011121: A Massive Star Progenitor
Creators: name: Price, P. A.
name: Berger, E.
name: Reichart, D. E.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
name: Wark, R. M.
name: Wieringa, M. H.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Bailey, J.
name: Boyle, B.
name: Corbett, E.
name: Gunn, K.
name: Ryder, S. D.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Koviak, K.
name: McCarthy, P.
name: Phillips, M.
name: Axelrod, T. S.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Fox, D. W.
name: Galama, T. J.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Sari, R.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Yost, S. A.
name: Brown, M. J. I.
name: Cline, T.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Montanari, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the cosmological gamma-ray bursts, GRB 011121 has the lowest redshift, z=0.36. More importantly, the multi-color excess in the afterglow detected in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) light curves is compelling observational evidence for an underlying supernova. Here we present near-infrared and radio observations of the afterglow. We undertake a comprehensive modeling of these observations and those reported in the literature and find good evidence favoring a wind-fed circumburst medium. In detail, we infer the progenitor had a mass loss rate of Mdot ~ 10^-7 / v_w3 Mo/yr where v_w3 is the speed of the wind from the progenitor in units of 10^3 km/s. This mass loss rate is similar to that inferred for the progenitor of SN 1998bw which has been associated with GRB 980425. Our data, taken in conjunction with the HST results of Bloom et al. (2002), provide a consistent picture: the long duration GRB 011121 had a massive star progenitor which exploded as a supernova at about the same time as the GRB event.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to ApJ Letters
Micrapion dolichum BOU C EK 1974
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Schwarz, M.
name: K, Micrapion
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Leucospidae
Micrapion
Micrapion dolichum

description: Micrapion dolichum BOU Č EK 1974
 Micrapion dolichum sp.n.: BOUČEK 1974: 213 (key), 214 (descr., South Africa, Zimbabwe), 215 (figs 249, 250).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: South Africa, Zimbabwe.
description: Published as part of Madl, M., Schwarz, M. & K, Micrapion, 2012, Catalogue and faunistics of the family Leucospidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of the Ethiopian region exluding Malagasy subregion, pp. 1221-1235 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2) on page 1230, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329443
The impact of cooling and pre-heating on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
Creators: name: da Silva, Antonio C
name: Kay, Scott T
name: Liddle, Andrew R
name: Thomas, Peter A
name: Pearce, Frazer R
name: Barbosa, Domingos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamical simulations to assess the impact of radiative cooling and `pre-heating' on predictions for the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. Cooling significantly reduces both the mean SZ signal and its angular power spectrum, while pre-heating can give a higher mean distortion while leaving the angular power spectrum below that found in a simulation without heating or cooling. We study the relative contribution from high and low density gas, and find that in the cooling model about 60 per cent of the mean thermal distortion arises from low overdensity gas. We find that haloes dominate the thermal SZ power spectrum in all models, while in the cooling simulation the kinetic SZ power spectrum originates predominantly in lower overdensity gas.
description: 4 pages LaTeX file with five figures incorporated. Various clarifications to the discussion. Further colour images and animations at http://astronomy.susx.ac.uk/users/antonio/sz.html
Stenus guynemeri JAQUELIN DU VAL 1850
Creators: name: Puthz, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Stenus
Stenus guynemeri

description: Stenus (s.str.) guynemeri JAQUELIN DU VAL 1850
 Stenus guynemeri JAQUELIN DU VAL 1850: 51; HERMAN 2001: 2210f.
 Stenus oecodromus GISTEL 1857: 23 syn.nov.
 Die GISTELsche Beschreibung gibt zwar nur sehr wenig her, die Angabe "thorace elytrisque elevato-rugosis" zusammen mit Grösse und Fundort weisen aber klar auf S. guynemeri hin, weshalb der fragliche Name eingezogen wird.
description: Published as part of Puthz, V., 2008, Stenus LATREILLE und die segenreiche Himmelstochter (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 137-230 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5426801
title: Surface Spectroscopic Investigation of Rare Earth Minerals Flotation
Creators: name: Cui, Jianlan
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rare earths
subject: Collector hydroxamate
subject: Rare earth oxides
subject: Raman spectra

description: This thesis describes fundamental studies of the surface interactions between rare earths and the collector hydroxamate to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the flotation process. A model and systematic investigation has been undertaken in order to ascertain the flotation mechanism and optimise flotation response and selectivity. Major constituent components (rare earth oxides, minerals and gangue minerals) in the flotation system were fully characterized individually prior to the interaction investigations. Six rare earth hydroxamate model compounds have been synthesized to characterize the surface chemical bonding. A model mineral thin film was also synthesized and investigated with the hydroxamate collector. For the vibrational characterization of the rare earth oxides, this thesis has adopted multiple radiation sources (wavelengths of 325 nm, 442 nm, 514 nm and 632.8 nm) scanning Raman shifts from 100 cm-1 – 5000 cm-1. It has been demonstrated that each individual rare earth oxide has similar, but distinct vibrational and electronic properties including Raman and fluorescence spectra. Nd, Er and Ho can be identified through their fluorescence emissions that do not overlap the Raman spectra. It is possible to develop a fast detection technique for these rare earths using their fluorescence emissions spectra in mineral processing. The characterization of natural mineral bastnaesite and monazite demonstrated that the ore exhibits localized enrichment zones of the rare earths of sizes from 1 µm - 5 µm. The results from atomic force microscopy and magnetic atomic force microscopy have confirmed the enrichment zones are smaller than the present grinding sizes for flotation. It would be of interest to re- examine the grinding sizes in practice in order to maximise the liberation of minerals.
Supplementary tables from "Metabolite Identification, Tissue Distribution, Excretion and Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Studies of ET-26-HCl, a New Analog of Etomidate”
Creators: name: Yu, Lu
name: Chen, Xu
name: Zhang, Wen Sheng
name: Zheng, Liang
name: Xu, Wen Wen
name: Xu, Ming Yu
name: Jiang, Xue Hua
name: Wang, Ling
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: ET-26-HCl, a novel anaesthetic agent with promising pharmacological properties, lacks extensive studies on pharmacokinetics and disposition in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the metabolic stability, metabolite production and plasma protein binding (PPB) of ET-26-HCl along with its tissue distribution, excretion and pharmacokinetics in animals after intravenous administration. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified a total of eight new metabolites after ET-26-HCl biotransformation in liver microsomes from different species. A hypothetical cytochrome P450-metabolic pathway including dehydrogenation, hydroxylation and demethylation was proposed. The PPB rate was highest in mouse and lowest in human. After intravenous administration, ET-26-HCl distributed rapidly to all tissues in rats and beagle dogs, with the highest concentrations in fat and liver. High concentrations of ET-26-acid, a major hydroxylation metabolite of ET-26-HCl, were found in liver, plasma and kidney. Almost complete clearance of ET-26-HCl from plasma occurred within 4 h after administration. Only a small fraction of the parent compound and its acid form were excreted via the urine and faeces. Taken together, the results added to a better understanding of the metabolic and pharmacokinetic properties of ET-26-HCl, which may contribute to the further development of this drug.
Globular Cluster Systems of Spirals
Creators: name: Barmby, Pauline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational results on the globular cluster systems of spiral galaxies are summarized. Although the number of spirals with well-studied GCSs is still small, new studies promise to increase it rapidly in the next few years. New telescopes and technology have contributed to increasingly detailed studies of GCs in Local Group galaxies like M31 and M33, and more distant spirals like M81 and M104 are finally getting the attention they deserve. The Milky Way GCS looks to be reasonably typical of spirals, and still has a lot to tell us about the history of the galaxy.
description: 12 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the ESO workshop "Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems", August 2002, Garching, ed. M. Kissler-Patig, Springer-Verlag
title: Wie wirkt Recht?
title: Überlegungen zur Rechtswirkungsforschung unter den Bedingungen konsolidierter und begrenzter Staatlichkeit
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wrase, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::340 Recht

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit den verschiedenen methodischen Ansätzen der Rechtswirkungsforschung und stellt diese dar. Vor dem Hintergrund von Räumen mit unterschiedlich stark entwickelter Staatlichkeit plädiert der Verfasser für einen partiellen Perspektivenwechsel. Wirkungsforschung sollte nicht allein aus einer instrumentellen Sicht des Normgebers betrieben werden, sondern (ergänzend) die motivationale Wirkungen von Recht für das Handeln von Akteuren in sozialen Feldern untersuchen. Damit sollte eine Erweiterung des Rechtsbegriffs auch auf nicht-staatliche Rechtsformen einhergehen.
description: The paper describes and assesses various methodological approaches to impact analysis of legal regulation. Taking into account the different conditions prevailing in areas of consolidated and limited statehood, the author proposes a partial change of perspective. Legal impact assessment should not only take account of the instrumentalist view of the legislator, but should also attend to the constitutive ‘impacts’ which law exerts on actors in different social fields. This approach should be guided by a broader understanding of the concept of law that includes customary law as well as the lawmaking activities of non-state actors.
title: The Influence of Core Chinese Cultural Values on Customer Loyalty
Creators: name: Hoare, Rui Jin
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chinese cultural values
subject: Chinese outbound tourists
subject: Customer loyalty

description: This thesis focuses on exploring Chinese outbound tourists' dining experiences in an overseas full-service restaurant context. An overseas country refers to a country outside mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau. The research problem sought to determine how core Chinese cultural values influence Chinese diners' service evaluations and customer loyalty in this context. Customer loyalty is evaluated from an attitudinal perspective, in relation to two groups of antecedents: core Chinese cultural values and service evaluations. Core cultural values are defined as the principles or standards that define the essence of a culture. Core Chinese cultural values within the current research context include face, trustworthiness and harmony. Service evaluation antecedents include customer satisfaction, service quality, and service value.
Influence of alkylation and esterification of 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy) propionic acid on sweet inhibition property and its manipulating mechanism
Creators: name: Zhou, Dan
name: Deng, Wenting
name: Zhou, Junhan
name: Deng, Hongying
name: Zheng, Jianxian
name: Zhou, Zhongkai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health
Virology

description: The current study applied 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy) propionic acid (HPMP) to prepare its alkylated and esterified derivatives and then investigated their corresponding sweetness inhibitory effect. The structure of these substituted derivatives were characterized by NMR and IR for ensuring their individual modification. The electronic tongue was used to predict the sweetness inhibitory effect of the derivatives, and a sweet prediction model was established via a three-dimensional measurement in term of sweetener type, sweetener and derivative concentrations. Furthermore, the interaction of sweetness inhibition with other taste properties was also studied. The current results indicated that, for alkylated derivatives, the sweetness inhibition rate of methyl-modified derivatives was higher than that of ethyl and propyl derivatives, and the inhibition rate of para-substituted derivatives was greater than that of ortho- and meta-positions. Interestingly, this study revealed that the esterification led to a minor sweetness inhibitory effect. Based on the current results, it is proposed that the ratio of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on the HPMP molecules plays the key role in regulating their corresponding sweetness inhibition via a binding capacity with the active site of sweet taste receptors.
title: Representation-Reinforcement and Australian Constitutionalism
Creators: name: Round, Thomas
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Constitutional theory
subject: Australia
subject: United States
subject: Representation
subject: Reinforcing
subject: Constitutional scholars
subject: Process-policing

description: Constitutional theory in Australia, as in the USA and other liberal democracies, is contested by rival views of the proper roles of courts and legislatures. Simple adherence to the literal text of the Constitution or the original intentions of its framers is inadequate to protect against unjust actions by legislative and executive officials (the raison d'etre of an entrenched Constitution) when these appear in novel guises. But empowering judges to strike down laws they consider 'unjust' risks sacrificing democratic self-government, and the process can undercut the very goal (equal respect for all citizens) that it is supposed to ensure as an outcome. American theorists of 'representation-reinforcing' or 'process-policing' judicial review - outlined by Justice Harlan Stone in US v Carolene Products (1938), then elaborated by Professor John Hart Ely in Democracy and Distrust (1980) - offer a solution. Representation-reinforcement opposes judicial activism except on two grounds. The first is protecting majority rule, invalidating laws that entrench those in power against opposition or removal. The second is protecting minority rights, by invalidating laws motivated by prejudice that discriminate against unpopular groups. Constitutional courts should avoid dictating substantive policy outcomes, lest this undermine democracy. Instead, judges should concentrate on 'reinforcing representation' - on ensuring that political processes function properly, producing decisions that have maximum popular support. Many US constitutional scholars have criticised Ely's theory. But even so, representation-reinforcement remains a promising doctrine for Australia to adopt. Ely's American critics disagree even more with each other than with Ely, and most of their criticisms carry weight only in the USA's rights-based, individualistic context. Australia's Benthamite culture of majoritarian constitutionalism is more receptive to representation-reinforcement. And most other criticisms of Ely can be answered by revising, instead of abandoning, the concept of process-policing judicial review.
Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in European Wildlife
Creators: name: Monecke, Stefan
name: Gavier-Widen, Dolores
name: Hotzel, Helmut
name: Peters, Martin
name: Guenther, Sebastian
name: Lazaris, Alexandros
name: Loncaric, Igor
name: Mueller, Elke
name: Reissig, Annett
name: Ruppelt-Lorz, Antje
name: Shore, Anna C.
name: Walter, Birgit
name: Coleman, David C.
name: Ehricht, Ralf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft

description: Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known colonizer and cause of infection among animals and it has been described from numerous domestic and wild animal species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in a convenience sample of European wildlife and to review what previously has been observed in the subject field. 124 S. aureus isolates were collected from wildlife in Germany, Austria and Sweden; they were characterized by DNA microarray hybridization and, for isolates with novel hybridization patterns, by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The isolates were assigned to 29 clonal complexes and singleton sequence types (CC1, CC5, CC6, CC7, CC8, CC9, CC12, CC15, CC22, CC25, CC30, CC49, CC59, CC88, CC97, CC130, CC133, CC398, ST425, CC599, CC692, CC707, ST890, CC1956, ST2425, CC2671, ST2691, CC2767 and ST2963), some of which (ST2425, ST2691, ST2963) were not described previously. Resistance rates in wildlife strains were rather low and mecA-MRSA isolates were rare (n = 6). mecC-MRSA (n = 8) were identified from a fox, a fallow deer, hares and hedgehogs. The common cattle- associated lineages CC479 and CC705 were not detected in wildlife in the present study while, in contrast, a third common cattle lineage, CC97, was found to be common among cervids. No Staphylococcus argenteus or Staphylococcus schweitzeri-like isolates were found. Systematic studies are required to monitor the possible transmission of human- and livestock- associated S. aureus/MRSA to wildlife and vice versa as well as the possible transmission, by unprotected contact to animals. The prevalence of S. aureus/MRSA in wildlife as well as its population structures in different wildlife host species warrants further investigation.
Membership, lithium, and metallicity in the young open clusters IC 2602 and IC 2391: enlarging the sample
Creators: name: Randich, S.
name: Pallavicini, R.
name: Meola, G.
name: Stauffer, J. R.
name: Balachandran, Suchitra C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present lithium abundances for ~50 X-ray selected candidate members of the 30-50 Myr old open clusters IC 2602 and IC 2391. These data enlarge and extend to cooler temperatures previous Li surveys of these clusters by Stauffer et al. (1989) and Randich et al. (1997). We also give for the first time an estimate of the metallicity of the two clusters which turns out to be close to solar. Radial velocity measurements together with Halpha chromospheric emission and the presence/absence of other spectroscopic features are used to ascertain the membership status for the sample stars not yet confirmed as cluster members; rotational velocities have also been determined for all sample stars. Stars more massive than ~1 Mo in both clusters show no sign of significant Li depletion, while lower mass stars are all lithium depleted, with the amount of Li depletion increasing to cooler temperatures. We confirm that the late G and early K stars in IC 2602 present a star-to-star scatter in Li abundances similar to, but not as large as the one in the Pleiades. A scatter is also seen among late-K and M dwarfs. Unlike in the Pleiades and Alpha Per clusters, the scatter among early-K stars in IC 2602 shows only marginal correlation with rotation. Our data suggest that the drop-off of lithium towards lower masses may start at an earlier color in IC 2391 than in IC 2602, but larger cluster samples are needed to confirm this result. In addition, whereas G and early K stars in the two clusters are, on average, more Li rich than their counterparts in the Pleiades, a fraction of the coolest stars, in particular in IC 2391, are as depleted as as the lowest-Li Pleiades stars of the same mass. If they continue depleting Li on their way to the main sequence, they are expected to be more Li depleted than the Pleiades at the age of the latter cluster.
description: to appear in A&A
Design Study of CANGAROO-III, Stereoscopic Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes for sub-TeV Gamma-ray
Creators: name: Enomoto, R.
name: Hara, S.
name: collaboration, CANGAROO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CANGAROO-III is an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) array of four 10 m telescopes for very high energy (sub-TeV) gamma-ray astronomy. A design study of the CANGAROO-III telescope system was carried out using the Monte Carlo technique in order to optimize the pixel size and the telescope spacing. Studies were also made of observations at low elevation angles.
description: 17pages, 13 figures, elsart, to appear in Astro. Part. Phys
Additional file 3: of The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF40 suppresses apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells
Creators: name: Schneider, Deborah
name: Chua, Robert
name: Molitor, Nicole
name: Feda Hamdan
name: Rettenmeier, Eva
name: Prokakis, Evangelos
name: Mishra, Vivek
name: Vijayalakshmi Kari
name: Wegwitz, Florian
name: Johnsen, Steven
name: Kosinsky, Robyn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Tables S1â S3, Supplemental tables. (DOCX 16 kb)
Measurement of long-range two-particle azimuthal correlations in $Z$-boson tagged $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}{=}8$ and 13 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented from the measurement by ATLAS of long-range ($|Δη|>2$)dihadron angular correlations in $\sqrt{s}=8$ and 13 TeV $pp$ collisions containing a $Z$ boson. The analysis is performed using 19.4 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV data recorded during Run 1 of the LHC and 36.1 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV data recorded during Run 2. Two-particle correlation functions are measured as a function of relative azimuthal angle over the relative pseudorapidity range $2
description: 46 pages in total, author list starting page 30, 12 figures, 3 tables. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2017-11
Concentrating light in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells
Creators: name: Schmid, Martina
name: Yin, G.
name: Song, M.
name: Duan, S.
name: Heidmann, B.
name: Sancho-Martinez, D.
name: Kämmer, S.
name: Köhler, T.
name: Manley, P.
name: Lux-Steiner, Martha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: chalcopyrite solar cells
subject: CIGSe
subject: ultra-thi absorber
subject: nanoparticles
subject: photonics
subject: light concentration
subject: micro absorber
subject: optical modeling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: Publisher’s Note: This paper, originally published on 23 September 2016, was replaced with a corrected/revised version on 21 December 2016. If you downloaded the original PDF but are unable to access the revision, please contact SPIE Digital Library Customer Service for assistance. Light concentration has proven beneficial for solar cells, most notably for highly efficient but expensive absorber materials using high concentrations and large scale optics. Here we investigate light concentration for cost efficient thinfilm solar cells which show nano- or microtextured absorbers. Our absorber material of choice is Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) which has a proven stabilized record efficiency of 22.6% and which - despite being a polycrystalline thin- film material - is very tolerant to environmental influences. Taking a nanoscale approach, we concentrate light in the CIGSe absorber layer by integrating photonic nanostructures made from dielectric materials. The dielectric nanostructures give rise to resonant modes and field localization in their vicinity. Thus when inserted inside or adjacent to the absorber layer, absorption and efficiency enhancement are observed. In contrast to this internal absorption enhancement, external enhancement is exploited in the microscale approach: mm-sized lenses can be used to concentrate light onto CIGSe solar cells with lateral dimensions reduced down to the micrometer range. These micro solar cells come with the benefit of improved heat dissipation compared to the large scale concentrators and promise compact high efficiency devices. Both approaches of light concentration allow for reduction in material consumption by restricting the absorber dimension either vertically (ultra-thin absorbers for dielectric nanostructures) or horizontally (micro absorbers for concentrating lenses) and have significant potential for efficiency enhancement.
Quantum rebound capacity
Creators: name: Das, Siddhartha
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the power of abstraction in information theory, we consider quantum rebound protocols as a way of providing a unifying perspective to deal with several information-processing tasks related to and extending quantum channel discrimination to the Shannon-theoretic regime. Such protocols, defined in the most general quantum-physical way possible, have been considered in the physical context of the DW model of quantum reading [Das and Wilde, arXiv:1703.03706]. In [Das, arXiv:1901.05895], it was discussed how such protocols apply in the different physical context of round-trip communication from one party to another and back. The common point for all quantum rebound tasks is that the decoder himself has access to both the input and output of a randomly selected sequence of channels, and the goal is to determine a message encoded into the channel sequence. As employed in the DW model of quantum reading, the most general quantum-physical strategy that a decoder can employ is an adaptive strategy, in which general quantum operations are executed before and after each call to a channel in the sequence. We determine lower and upper bounds on the quantum rebound capacities in various scenarios of interest, and we also discuss cases in which adaptive schemes provide an advantage over non-adaptive schemes in zero-error quantum rebound protocols.
description: v2: published version, 7 pages, 2 figures, see companion paper at arXiv:1703.03706
title: Study on the strength of jointed rocks with infill from South East Queensland
Creators: name: Cui, Chen
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: geotechnical engineering
subject: civil engineering
subject: rock mechanics

description: In geotechnical engineering practice related to mining, tunnelling, and oil exploration, a set of discontinuities might affect the overall strength and stability of rock mass. To address this issue, a good deal of research has been conducted in the past decades to study the behaviour of jointed rocks under different loading conditions. However, most of previous studies have been conducted on rock-like materials such as concrete or plaster, while only limited research has been done on natural rocks. This study seeks to bridge this knowledge gap and (1) to investigate the effects of discontinuity on the engineering properties of common rocks from South East Queensland, and (2) to develop a numerical model that can accurately estimate the strength of jointed rocks. A series of unconfined compression tests on natural rocks of different geological origins (three types of sandstone, argillite, and basalt) were performed to better understand the effect of crack length (1 cm and 2 cm long) and infill material (sand or clay) on rock strength. In addition, a series of shear tests were conducted on jointed specimens of two types of sandstone with different infill thicknesses, ranging from 1mm to 3mm. The obtained results from the laboratory tests were used to improve the current methods of rock shear strength predictions, which were initially designed to estimate the strength of artificial rock-like material. Also, a new numerical method was proposed to accurately estimate the unconfined compressive strength of rock specimens with pre-existing discontinuities filled with either clay or sand. This numerical model provided valuable insight into the failure mechanism of jointed rocks, which agreed with the data obtained in the laboratory. By combining the experimental and numerical investigations, the mechanism of rock failure with different pre-existing cracks and infill material can be studied. The UCS values estimated by the numerical model and the damage model were able to estimate with a high degree of accuracy to the unconfined compressive strength of rocks with pre-existing discontinuities, and it allows to identify and explain the mechanisms of two common damage patterns observed in laboratory tests. The presence of discontinuities (1 cm or 2 cm long cracks) decreases the UCS of natural rocks, while filler material has a tendency to increase the overall strength of the tested rocks.
Energy-conservation constraints on cosmic string loop production and distribution functions
Creators: name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Olum, Ken D.
name: Wachter, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network of cosmic strings would lead to gravitational waves which may be detected by pulsar timing or future interferometers. The details of the gravitational wave signal depend on the distribution of cosmic string loops, which are produced by intercommutations from the scaling network of long strings. We analyze the limits imposed by energy conservation, i.e., by the fact that the total amount of string flowing into loops cannot exceed the amount leaving the long strings. We show that some recent suggestions for the cosmic string loop production rate and distribution are ruled out by these limits. As a result, gravitational waves based on such suggestions, in particular "model 3" used in LIGO data analysis, are not to be expected.
description: 11 pages. v2: new appendix on range of beta, clarifications
Micrapion lugubre BOU C EK 1974
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Schwarz, M.
name: K, Micrapion
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Leucospidae
Micrapion
Micrapion lugubre

description: Micrapion lugubre BOU Č EK 1974
 Micrapion lugubre sp.n.: BOUČEK 1974: 213 (key), 215 (figs 251, 252), 216 (descr., Democratic Republic of Congo).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Democratic Republic of Congo.
description: Published as part of Madl, M., Schwarz, M. & K, Micrapion, 2012, Catalogue and faunistics of the family Leucospidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of the Ethiopian region exluding Malagasy subregion, pp. 1221-1235 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2) on page 1230, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329443
Transport coefficients of self-propelled particles. II. Numerics for vorticity fluctuations and the reverse perturbation method
Creators: name: Nikoubashman, Arash
name: Ihle, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Part I of this two-part series, the reverse perturbation method for shearing simple liquids [Phys. Rev. E 59, 4894 (1999)] was extended to systems of interacting particles with time-discrete stochastic dynamics. For verification, in this paper (Part II) the reverse perturbation method is first applied to a simple momentum-conserving liquid, modeled through the Multi-Particle Collision Dynamics (MPCD) technique [J. Chem. Phys. 110, 8605 (1999)]. For MPCD, excellent agreement between the measured shear viscosity and its theoretical prediction is found. Furthermore, this paper contains applications of the reverse perturbation method to agent-based simulations of the Vicsek-model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1226 (1995)] and its metric-free version. The extracted transport coefficients, the kinematic viscosity $ν$ and the momentum amplification coefficient $λ$, were compared to theoretical predictions. To verify the transport coefficients, Green-Kubo relations were evaluated and transverse current correlations were measured in independent simulations. Not too far to the transition to collective motion, we find excellent agreement between the different measurements of the transport coefficients. However, the measured values of $ν$ and $1-λ$ are always slightly higher than the mean-field predictions, even at large mean free paths and at state points quite far from the threshold to collective motion, that is, far in the disordered phase. These findings seem to indicate that the mean-field assumption of molecular chaos is much less reliable in systems with velocity-alignment rules such as the Vicsek model, compared to models obeying detailed balance such as MPCD.
description: This manuscript has been merged into arXiv:1905.04082
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: The Annihilation of Super-Heavy Relics
Creators: name: Blasi, Pasquale
name: Dick, Rainer
name: Kolb, Edward W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) originate from the annihilation of relic superheavy (SH) dark matter in the Galactic halo. In order to fit the data on UHECRs, a cross section of $\sim 10^{-26}\textrm{cm}^2 (M_X/10^{12} \textrm{GeV})^{3/2}$ is required if the SH dark matter follows a Navarro--Frenk--White (NFW) density profile. This would require extremely large-$l$ contributions to the annihilation cross section. An interesting finding of our calculation is that the annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of dark matter dominates over the annihilations in the smooth dark matter halo, thus implying much smaller values of the cross section needed to explain the observed fluxes of UHECRs.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the TAUP conference, September 8-12, 2001 - Gran Sasso Laboratory, Italy