cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Standing at the crossroads: where does adult Sunday school go from here?
Creators: name: Wollf, Randy Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Churches around the world offer Adult Sunday classes as a forum for adult religious education. This time-honored approach to church-based adult education has encountered difficulties in recent times. For many churches, Adult Sunday School is standing at a crossroads. Where does it go from here? This study attempted to determine those factors that influence adults' decisions about whether or not to attend Adult Sunday School and what changes could be made to increase participation in the program. The context for this study on Adult Sunday School is Langley Evangelical Free Church located in Langley, British Columbia, Canada. This mid-sized church of approximately 600 people provided data upon which any conclusions were made. Surveys on Adult Sunday School were distributed to 365 adults and 195 surveys were returned. Respondents were given the opportunity to volunteer to participate in a discussion group to discuss the implications of the survey results. The results was that thirty-one people participated in six discussion groups. The discussion groups were instrumental in making sense of the data and recommending changes to increase participation in Adult Sunday School. The study asked participants to rate nine factors as to their influence in determining whether or not they would attend Adult Sunday School. The factors were ranked by respondents in the following order: spiritual growth, relevance, practicality, teaching style, sharing experiences, social contact, learning, intergenerational and external expectations. Other variables that were analyzed included age, marital status, family makeup, educational level and involvement in small group Bible studies. There were some significant differences in how members of some of the subgroups rated the factors. The study also looked at barriers to participation which were categorized as situational barriers, organizational barriers and personal barriers. The discussion groups concluded that three factors should be addressed to increase participation in Adult Sunday School at Langley Evangelical Free Church: content relevance, Sunday morning format and a more systematic structure. The results of this study provide valuable information for designing a blueprint for change at Langley Evangelical Free Church which may also be suggestive for other churches as they evaluate Adult Sunday School.
The nascent coffee ring: how solute diffusion counters advection
Creators: name: Moore, Matthew R.
name: Vella, Dominic
name: Oliver, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the initial evolution of the coffee ring that is formed by the evaporation of a thin, axisymmetric, surface tension-dominated droplet containing a dilute solute. When the solutal Péclet number is large, we show that diffusion close to the droplet contact line controls the coffee-ring structure in the initial stages of evaporation. We perform a systematic matched asymptotic analysis for two evaporation models -- a simple, non-equilibrium, one-sided model (in which the evaporative flux is taken to be constant across the droplet surface) and a vapour-diffusion limited model (in which the evaporative flux is singular at the contact line) -- valid during the early stages in which the solute remains dilute. We call this the `nascent coffee ring' and describe the evolution of its features, including the size and location of the peak concentration and a measure of the width of the ring. Moreover, we use the asymptotic results to investigate when the assumption of a dilute solute breaks down and the effects of finite particle size and jamming are expected to become important. In particular, we illustrate the limited validity of this model in the diffusive evaporative flux regime.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures. Accepted in J. Fluid Mech
Equilibrium for fragmentation with immigration
Creators: name: Haas, Benedicte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 60J55, 60B10, 82C21 (Primary)

description: This paper introduces stochastic processes that describe the evolution of systems of particles in which particles immigrate according to a Poisson measure and split according to a self-similar fragmentation. Criteria for existence and absence of stationary distributions are established and uniqueness is proved. Also, convergence rates to the stationary distribution are given. Linear equations which are the deterministic counterparts of fragmentation with immigration processes are next considered. As in the stochastic case, existence and uniqueness of solutions, as well as existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions, are investigated.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000340 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
"Mother Deer and Mother Bear" and "Pumice-Stone Man"
Creators: name: Amen, Reitha
name: Nevin, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: acv
subject: Achumawi language

description: Recording of two Achumawi stories, in English: "Mother Deer and Mother Bear" and "Pumice-Stone Man". The stories were told to Bruce Nevin's daughters while Reitha (Tiny) Amen was visiting the Nevins in Gloucester.
Maximum Entropy Subspace Clustering Network
Creators: name: Peng, Zhihao
name: Jia, Yuheng
name: Liu, Hui
name: Hou, Junhui
name: Zhang, Qingfu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep subspace clustering networks have attracted much attention in subspace clustering, in which an auto-encoder non-linearly maps the input data into a latent space, and a fully connected layer named self-expressiveness module is introduced to learn the affinity matrix via a typical regularization term (e.g., sparse or low-rank). However, the adopted regularization terms ignore the connectivity within each subspace, limiting their clustering performance. In addition, the adopted framework suffers from the coupling issue between the auto-encoder module and the self-expressiveness module, making the network training non-trivial. To tackle these two issues, we propose a novel deep subspace clustering method named Maximum Entropy Subspace Clustering Network (MESC-Net). Specifically, MESC-Net maximizes the entropy of the affinity matrix to promote the connectivity within each subspace, in which its elements corresponding to the same subspace are uniformly and densely distributed. Furthermore, we design a novel framework to explicitly decouple the auto-encoder module and the self-expressiveness module. We also theoretically prove that the learned affinity matrix satisfies the block-diagonal property under the independent subspaces. Extensive quantitative and qualitative results on commonly used benchmark datasets validate MESC-Net significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
description: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (2021)
CHARACTERISTICS OF FARMLAND LEASING IN THE NORTH CENTRAL UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Patterson, Brian
name: Hanson, Steven D.
name: Robison, Lindon J.
name: Patterson, Brian
name: Hanson, Steven D.
name: Robison, Lindon J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Leasing behavior differs across the North Central United States. Survey data is used to characterize leasing activity in the region. Data is collected on the amount of leased farmland, amount of cash and share leased land, and common output share levels. Factors influencing leasing and arrangements are also identified.
Do superfluid instabilities prevent neutron star precession?
Creators: name: Glampedakis, K.
name: Andersson, N.
name: Jones, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss short wavelength (inertial wave) instabilities present in the standard two-fluid neutron star model when there is sufficient relative flow along the superfluid neutron vortex array. We demonstrate that these instabilities may be triggered in precessing neutron stars, since the angular velocity vectors of the neutron and proton fluids are misaligned during precession. The presence of such an instability would render the standard, solid body rotation, model for free precession inconsistent. Our results suggest that the standard (Eulerian) slow precession that results for weak drag between the vortices and the charged fluid (protons and electrons) is not seriously constrained by the existence of the instability. In contrast, the fast precession, which results when vortices are strongly coupled to the charged component, is generally unstable. This implies that fast precession may not be realised in astrophysical systems
description: 17 pages, 6 eps figures
Eigenvalue bounds for compressible stratified magneto-shear flows varying in two transverse directions
Creators: name: Deguchi, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three eigenvalue bounds are derived for the instability of ideal compressible stratified magnetohydrodynamic shear flows in which the base velocity, density, and magnetic field vary in two directions. The first bound can be obtained by combining the Howard semi-circle theorem with the energy principle of the Lagrangian displacement. Remarkably, no special conditions are needed to use this bound, and for some cases, we can establish the stability of the flow. The second and third bounds come out from a generalisation of the Miles-Howard theory and have some similarity to the semi-ellipse theorem by Kochar & Jain (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 91, 1979, 489) and the bound found by Cally (Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., vol. 31,1983, 43), respectively. An important byproduct of this investigation is that the Miles-Howard stability condition holds only when there is no applied magnetic field and, in addition, the directions of the shear and the stratification are aligned everywhere.
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES: CREATING LONG TERM SUCCESS
Creators: name: Whipple, Judith M.
name: Frankel, Robert
name: Whipple, Judith M.
name: Frankel, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Given today's increasingly competitive environment, firms in every industry are searching for new ways to increase their competitive advantage. Many firms have realized that, due to a variety of different reasons (e.g., fast-paced technological advances), significant performance improvements cannot be achieved alone. As such, the traditional response of performance enhancement through acquisition is no longer the only option. Strategic alliances are a new alternative that enable partnering firms to combine their individual strengths while compensating for their internal resource scarcities without making the investment required for actual ownership. While interest in alliances is growing, firms are often unsure how to build and maintain successful alliances. This research examines alliances between manufacturers and their suppliers in the food and health/personal care industries to determine what factors lead to successful, long term alliances.
A permutation test for matching and its asymptotic distribution
Creators: name: Goldstein, Larry
name: Rinott, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G10, 60F05

description: We consider a permutation method for testing whether observations given in their natural pairing exhibit an unusual level of similarity in situations where any two observations may be similar at some unknown baseline level. Under a null hypotheses where there is no distinguished pairing of the observations, a normal approximation with explicit bounds and rates is presented for determining approximate critical test levels.
description: 15 pages
Bicycle paths, elasticae and sub-Riemannian geometry
Creators: name: Ardentov, Andrey
name: Bor, Gil
name: Donne, Enrico Le
name: Montgomery, Richard
name: Sachkov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17 (Primary) 53A17, 53A04 (Secondary)

description: We relate the sub-Riemannian geometry on the group of rigid motions of the plane to `bicycling mathematics'. We show that this geometry's geodesics correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either non-inflectional Euler elasticae or straight lines, and that its infinite minimizing geodesics (or `metric lines') correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either straight lines or `Euler's solitons' (also known as Syntractrix or Convicts' curves).
description: 12 figures
Stability and exponential decay for the 2D anisotropic Boussinesq equations with horizontal dissipation
Creators: name: Dong, Boqing
name: Wu, Jiahong
name: Xu, Xiaojing
name: Zhu, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The hydrostatic equilibrium is a prominent topic in fluid dynamics and astrophysics. Understanding the stability of perturbations near the hydrostatic equilibrium of the Boussinesq systems helps gain insight into certain weather phenomena. The 2D Boussinesq system focused here is anisotropic and involves only horizontal dissipation and horizontal thermal diffusion. Due to the lack of the vertical dissipation, the stability and precise large-time behavior problem is difficult. When the spatial domain is $\mathbb R^2$, the stability problem in a Sobolev setting remains open. When the spatial domain is $\mathbb T\times \mathbb R$, this paper solves the stability problem and specifies the precise large-time behavior of the perturbation. By decomposing the velocity $u$ and temperature $θ$ into the horizontal average $(\bar u, \barθ)$ and the corresponding oscillation $(\widetilde u, \widetilde θ)$, and deriving various anisotropic inequalities, we are able to establish the global stability in the Sobolev space $H^2$. In addition, we prove that the oscillation $(\widetilde u, \widetilde θ)$ decays exponentially to zero in $H^1$ and $(u, θ)$ converges to $(\bar u, \barθ)$. This result reflects the stratification phenomenon of buoyancy-driven fluids.
description: 23 pages
On the quantum origin of the seeds of cosmic structure
Creators: name: Perez, Alejandro
name: Sahlmann, Hanno
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current understanding of the quantum origin of cosmic structure is discussed critically. We point out that in the existing treatments a transition from a symmetric quantum state to an (essentially classical) non-symmetric state is implicitly assumed, but not specified or analyzed in any detail. In facing the issue we are led to conclude that new physics is required to explain the apparent predictive power of the usual schemes. Furthermore we show that the novel way of looking at the relevant issues opens new windows from where relevant information might be extracted regarding cosmological issues and perhaps even clues about aspects of quantum gravity.
description: replacement with final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
A $K\_0$-avoiding dimension group with an order-unit of index two
Creators: name: Wehrung, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06B10, 06C05, 16E50, 19A49

description: We prove that there exists a dimension group $G$ whose positive cone is not isomorphic to the dimension monoid Dim$L$ of any lattice $L$. The dimension group $G$ has an order-unit, and can be taken of any cardinality greater than or equal to $\aleph\_2$. As to determining the positive cones of dimension groups in the range of the Dim functor, the $\aleph\_2$ bound is optimal. This solves negatively the problem, raised by the author in 1998, whether any conical refinement monoid is isomorphic to the dimension monoid of some lattice. Since $G$ has an order-unit of index two, this also solves negatively a problem raised in 1994 by K.R. Goodearl about representability, with respect to $K\_0$, of dimension groups with order-unit of index 2 by unit-regular rings.
description: To appear in Journal of Algebra
Quantum scars from zero modes in an Abelian lattice gauge theory on ladders
Creators: name: Banerjee, Debasish
name: Sen, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spectrum of a $U(1)$ quantum link model where gauge fields are realized as $S=1/2$ spins and demonstrate a new mechanism for generating quantum many-body scars (high-energy eigenstates that violate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis) in a constrained Hilbert space. Many-body dynamics with local constraints has attracted much attention due to the recent discovery of non-ergodic behavior in quantum simulators based on Rydberg atoms. Lattice gauge theories provide natural examples of constrained systems since physical states must be gauge-invariant. In our case, the Hamiltonian $H={\cal O}_{\rm kin}+λ{\cal O}_{\rm pot}$, where ${\cal O}_{\rm pot}$ (${\cal O}_{\rm kin}$) is diagonal (off-diagonal) in the electric flux basis, contains exact mid-spectrum zero modes at $λ=0$ whose number grows exponentially with system size. This massive degeneracy is lifted at any non-zero $λ$ but some special linear combinations that simultaneously diagonalize ${\cal O}_{\rm kin}$ and ${\cal O}_{\rm pot}$ survive as quantum many-body scars, suggesting an ``order-by-disorder'' mechanism in the Hilbert space. We give evidence for such scars and show their dynamical consequences on two-leg ladders with up to $56$ spins, which may be tested using available proposals of quantum simulators. Results on wider ladders point towards their presence in two dimensions as well.
description: 8 pages (including Supplementary Material)
Long-Range Spectral Statistics of Classically Integrable Systems --Investigation along the Line of the Berry-Robnik Approach--
Creators: name: Makino, H.
name: Tasaki, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending the argument of Ref.\citen{[4]} to the long-range spectral statistics of classically integrable quantum systems, we examine the level number variance, spectral rigidity and two-level cluster function. These observables are obtained by applying the approach of Berry and Robnik\cite{[0]} and the mathematical framework of Pandey \cite{[2]} to systems with infinitely many components, and they are parameterized by a single function $\bar{c}$, where $\bar{c}=0$ corresponds to Poisson statistics, and $\bar{c}\not=0$ indicates deviations from Poisson statistics. This implies that even when the spectral components are statistically independent, non-Poissonian spectral statistics are possible.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
[Citation of "Writing the Pit River Language" and additional words and phrases]
Creators: name: Nevin, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: acv
subject: Achumawi language

description: Verbal citation of a document entitled "Writing the Pit River Language", itself dated 9/24/1992, as well as citation of additional words and phrases in Achumawi.
2002 MICHIGAN TREE FRUIT BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY
Creators: name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Wittenberg, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 18 Michigan tree fruit farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of sales from cherries, apples, and other fruits. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm/MicroTel project, the Farm Credit Service system, or by AgriSolutions in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed on 2002 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data was checked to verify that cash and debt discrepancy were within an acceptable range. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables that follow.
Haendler, Gert: Schwedisch-deutsche Kirchenbeziehungen 1901-1936
Creators: name: Deppe, Hans-Christoph
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 24 Nr. 3 (1975): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 24, Heft 3
On Type II Strings in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Ita, Harald
name: Nieder, Harald
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider type IIA/B strings in two-dimensions and their projection with respect to the nilpotent space-time supercharge. Based on the ground ring structure, we propose a duality between perturbed type II strings and the topological B-model on deformed Calabi-Yau singularities. Depending on the type II spectra, one has either the conifold or the suspended pinch point geometry. Using the corresponding quiver gauge theory, obtained by D-branes wrapping in the resolved suspended pinch point geometry, we propose the all orders perturbative partition function.
description: 1+23 pages
Observation of photon-induced $W^+W^-$ production in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter reports the observation of photon-induced production of $W$-boson pairs, $γγ\rightarrow WW$. The analysis uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of LHC proton-proton collision data taken at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment during the years 2015-2018. The measurement is performed selecting one electron and one muon, corresponding to the decay of the diboson system as $WW\rightarrow e^\pmνμ^\mpν$ final state. The background-only hypothesis is rejected with a significance of well above 5 standard deviations consistent with the expectation from Monte Carlo simulation. A cross section for the $γγ\rightarrow WW$ process of 3.13$\pm$0.31(stat.)$\pm$0.28(syst.) fb is measured in a fiducial volume close to the acceptance of the detector, by requiring an electron and a muon of opposite signs with large dilepton transverse momentum and exactly zero additional charged particles. This is found to be in agreement with the Standard Model prediction.
description: 41 pages in total, author list starting page 25, 6 figures, 2 tables, published in Phys. Lett. B.. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-21
Symbolic software for separation of variables in the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the L-systems
Creators: name: Grigoryev, Yu. A.
name: Tsiganov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss computer implementation of the known algorithm of finding separation coordinates for the special class of orthogonal separable systems called L-systems or Benenti systems.
description: 13 pages, LaTex File. The software available at http://www.maplesoft.com/applications/app_center_view.aspx?AID=1686
Many Phases of Generalized 3D Instanton Crystals
Creators: name: Jarvinen, Matti
name: Kaplunovsky, Vadim
name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear matter at large number of colors is necessarily in a solid phase. In particular holographic nuclear matter takes the form of a crystal of instantons of the flavor group. In this article we initiate the analysis of the three-dimensional crystal structures and the orientation patterns for the two-body potential that follows from holographic duality. The outcome of the analysis includes several unexpected results. We perform simulations of ensembles of O(10000) instantons whereby we identify the lattice structure and orientations for the different values of the weight factors of the non-Abelian orientation terms in the two-body potential. The resulting phase diagram is surprisingly complex, including a variety of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic crystals with various global orientation patterns, and various "non-Abelian" crystals where orientations have no preferred direction. The latter include variants of face-centered-cubic, hexagonal, and simple cubic crystals which may have remarkably large or small aspect ratios. The simulation results are augmented by analytic analysis of the long-distance divergences, and numerical computation of the (divergence free) energy differences between the non-Abelian crystals, which allows us to precisely determine the structure of the phase diagram.
description: 48 pages, 20 figures (including 5 interactive 3D figures). v3: minor comments and explanations added
Higgs bosons of a supersymmetric $U(1)'$ model at the ILC
Creators: name: Ham, S. W.
name: Yoo, E. J.
name: OH, S. K.
name: Son, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scalar Higgs sector of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model with an extra U(1), which has two Higgs doublets and a Higgs singlet, in the light leptophobic $Z'$ scenario where the extra neutral gauge boson $Z'$ does not couple to charged leptons. In this model, we find that the sum of the squared coupling coefficients of the three neutral scalar Higgs bosons to $ZZ$, normalized by the corresponding SM coupling coefficient is noticeably smaller than unity, due to the effect of the extra U(1), for a reasonable parameter space of the model, whereas it is unity in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. Thus, these two models may be distinguished if the coupling coefficients of neutral scalar Higgs bosons to $ZZ$ are measured at the future International Linear Collider by producing them via the Higgs-strahlung, $ZZ$ fusion, and $WW$ fusion processes.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, PRD
Comment
Creators: name: Simmons, Phil
name: Simmons, Phil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: From my experience as a manager of economic research I believe that tertiary agricultural economics education has two major shortcomings. First, a large proportion of new graduates have poor writing skills. Their problems in this area revolve around ignorance of elementary grammar and lack of precision in written expression. The second problem that I perceive is that a significant proportion of economics graduates appear to lack any knowledge of economics. These individuals should have been failed from programs yet somehow have managed to get degrees.
Study of lattice, spin and charge dynamics in Cr- and Ni-based pnictide superconductors
Creators: name: Yao, Yi
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raman spectroscopy
pnictide superconductors
electron-phonon coupling

description: In früheren Studien zur unkonventionellen Supraleitung hat sich gezeigt, dass der starke Kopplungseffekt zwischen der elektronischen Ordnung und der Gitterordnung die Phasengrenzen im Normalzustand eines Materials stark beeinflussen kann, was im Allgemeinen dann auch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf das Verhalten der Supraleitung hat. Daher ist es wichtig, ein tieferes und umfassenderes Verständnis dieser Kopplungseffekte zu erhalten, um den Paarungsmechanismus unkonventioneller Supraleiter zu vestehen. In dieser Arbeit haben wir zwei neuartige Supraleiter, CrAs and BaNi$_2$As$_2$ - zwei stark elektronengittergekoppelte Systeme - zur Untersuchung ausgewählt. Das Ziel unserer Studie ist es ihre reiche Gitter- und elektronische Dynamik durch Ramanstreuung zu untersuchen. CrAs zeigt einen grossen magnetoelastischen Effekt in seinem magnetischen Phasenübergang erster Ordnung, welcher unter Druck verschwindet, wenn Supraleitung auftaucht. Um einen Einblick in den für die Supraleitung verantwortlichen Paarungsmechanismus zu erhalten, waren wir motiviert ein tieferes Verständnis der starken Kopplung des Gitters mit der magnetischen Ordnung im Normalzustand zu erhalten. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine detaillierte Untersuchung der Gitter- und Magnetanregungen in einkristallinem CrAs durch temperaturabhängige Raman-Streuung durchgeführt. BaNi$_2$As$_2$ ist hingegen ein nichtmagnetisches Analogon des gut untersuchten BaFe$_2$As$_2$ und durchläuft einen strukturellen Phasenübergang erster Ordnung in eine trikline Phase, in der sich eine kommensurable Ladungsdichtewelle (C-CDW) entwickelt. Noch wichtiger ist allerdings, dass eine kürzlich entdeckte unidirektionale inkommensurable Ladungsdichtewelle (IC-CDW) oberhalb der triklinen Phase eine bemerkenswerte Ladungsanalogie zu Spindichtewellen in eisenbasierten 122-Supraleiter darstellt, was die Frage aufwirft, ob elektronische Nematizität auch eine wichtige Rolle im Phasendiagramm des Ni-basierten Systems spielt. Mit dem Hauptziel diese Frage zu beantworten, haben wir detaillierte Raman-Streumessungen an BaNi$_2$(As,P)$_2$-Einkristallen als Funktionen sowohl der Temperatur als auch der Dotierung durchgeführt.
A high accuracy computed water line list
Creators: name: Barber, R. J.
name: Tennyson, J.
name: Harris, G. J.
name: Tolchenov, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computed list of H$_{2}$$^{16}$O infra-red transition frequencies and intensities is presented. The list, BT2, was produced using a discrete variable representation two-step approach for solving the rotation-vibration nuclear motions. It is the most complete water line list in existence, comprising over 500 million transitions (65% more than any other list) and it is also the most accurate (over 90% of all known experimental energy levels are within 0.3 cm$^{-1}$ of the BT2 values). Its accuracy has been confirmed by extensive testing against astronomical and laboratory data. The line list has been used to identify individual water lines in a variety of objects including: comets, sunspots, a brown dwarf and the nova-like object V838 Mon. Comparison of the observed intensities with those generated by BT2 enables physical values to be derived for these objects. The line list can also be used to provide an opacity for models of the atmospheres of M-dwarf stars and assign previously unknown water lines in laboratory spectra.
description: 8 Pages, zero figures. Submitted to MNRAS. On line data at: ftp://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/cats/VI/119
Clicks can be Cheating: Counterfactual Recommendation for Mitigating Clickbait Issue
Creators: name: Wang, Wenjie
name: Feng, Fuli
name: He, Xiangnan
name: Zhang, Hanwang
name: Chua, Tat-Seng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommendation is a prevalent and critical service in information systems. To provide personalized suggestions to users, industry players embrace machine learning, more specifically, building predictive models based on the click behavior data. This is known as the Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, which has become the gold standard for building personalized recommendation service. However, we argue that there is a significant gap between clicks and user satisfaction -- it is common that a user is "cheated" to click an item by the attractive title/cover of the item. This will severely hurt user's trust on the system if the user finds the actual content of the clicked item disappointing. What's even worse, optimizing CTR models on such flawed data will result in the Matthew Effect, making the seemingly attractive but actually low-quality items be more frequently recommended. In this paper, we formulate the recommendation models as a causal graph that reflects the cause-effect factors in recommendation, and address the clickbait issue by performing counterfactual inference on the causal graph. We imagine a counterfactual world where each item has only exposure features (i.e., the features that the user can see before making a click decision). By estimating the click likelihood of a user in the counterfactual world, we are able to reduce the direct effect of exposure features and eliminate the clickbait issue. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that our method significantly improves the post-click satisfaction of CTR models.
description: Accepted by SIGIR 2021
Making sense of converging technologies and new media: a study of distance education course developers
Creators: name: Van Soest, Catherine Patricia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Distance Education, as it is practiced today in the Western world, is undergoing rapid change. This is no less true within the British Columbia distance education community. This change is due, in part, to the increasing speed of technological innovation, specifically in the convergence between broadcast, telecommunications, and data communications fields (Bates, 1994). Therefore, a research study was conducted to look at the phenomena of converging technologies and new media (CT/NM) and their impact on course development decisions in distance education for adult learners. Specifically, the purpose was to describe how selected distance education course developers were conceptualizing, or making sense, of CT/NM. This study was conducted with eight distance education course developers from two education institutions in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada between May and June 1999. Five participants were from the Open Learning Agency and three were from University of British Columbia's Distance Education and Technology Unit (DE&T). A qualitative research methodology, based on an interpretive understanding and using participant interviews and document analysis, was applied. Three conclusions emerged from the study. First, the course developers' practices were being affected by CT/NM and as a result, some new planning considerations and four new course development practices were emerging. The four practices were media and technologies replacement, hybrid course development, resource-based course development and structured information. Secondly, the course developers were applying an enhanced systems-based course development model and moving towards a new course development paradigm, based on networked multimedia and using post-fordist production processes. The final conclusion was that there were six specific organizational issues that could enable or impede the success of CT/NM for the course developers in this study. These issues were roles, training and professional development, delivery systems, funding arrangements, intellectual property policies, and new opportunities. Overall, the course developers in this study were making sense of CT/NM within their practices pragmatically, in an incremental and evolutionary way. Based on the conclusions from the study, three suggestions for further study were also provided.
Room-temperature excitonic absorption in quantum wires
Creators: name: Takahashi, Yasushi
name: Hayamizu, Yuhei
name: Itoh, Hirotake
name: Yoshita, Masahiro
name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
name: West, Ken W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured absorption spectra of T-shaped quantum wires at room temperature using waveguide-transmission spectroscopy. Strong and narrow room-temperature one-dimensional-exciton absorption peak was observed, which shows peak modal absorption coefficient of 160 cm$^{-1}$ per 20 wires with $Γ$-factor of $4.3\times10^{-3}$, width of 7.2 meV, and strong polarization anisotropy.
description: 3pages, 3figure, 1table
When Freeze-out occurs due to a non-Boltzmann suppression: A study of degenerate dark sector
Creators: name: Biswas, Anirban
name: Ganguly, Sougata
name: Roy, Sourov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exponential suppression or commonly known as the Boltzmann suppression in the number density of dark matter is the key ingredient for creating chemical imbalance prior to the usual thermal freeze-out. A degenerate/quasi-degenerate dark sector can experience a different exponential suppression in the number density analogous to the radioactive decay law leading to a delayed freeze-out mechanism of dark matter known as the co-decaying dark matter. In this work, we study the dynamics of a multicomponent dark matter from thermally decoupled degenerate dark sector in a hidden U$(1)_{X}$ extension of the Standard Model. We compute the relic density of dark matter frozen-out through the co-decaying mechanism by solving four coupled Boltzmann equations. We demonstrate how temperature $T^\prime $ of the dark sector changes due to all types of $3\rightarrow 2$ and $2\rightarrow 2$ interactions along with the eternal expansion of the Universe. We find that $3\rightarrow 2$ interactions enhance $T^\prime$ by producing energetic particles in the dark sector while the excess heat is transferred by $2\rightarrow 2$ interactions to the entire dark sector. As the direct detection is possible only through the feeble portal couplings, we investigate the neutrino and $γ$-ray signals from dark matter annihilation via one step cascade processes and compare our results with the measured fluxes of atmospheric neutrinos by Super-Kamiokande and diffuse $γ$-rays by Fermi-LAT, EGRET, INTEGRAL collaborations. We find that the present scenario easily evades all the existing bounds from atmospheric neutrino and diffuse $γ$-ray observations for degenerate dark sector. However, the constraints are significant for quasi degenerate scenario.
description: 65 pages, 25 figures, 2 tables, additional indirect detection constraints are included, new references are added, conclusion remains unchanged, version matches with the published version in JHEP
Femtosecond Control of the Magnetization in Ferromagnetic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Chovan, J.
name: Perakis, I. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of collective spin dynamics triggered by ultrafast optical excitation of ferromagnetic semiconductors. Using the density matrix equations of motion in the mean field approximation and including magnetic anisotropy and hole spin dephasing effects, we predict the development of a light--induced magnetization tilt during ultra--short time intervals comparable to the pulse duration. This femtosecond dynamics in the coherent temporal regime is governed by the interband nonlinear optical polarizations and is followed by a second temporal regime governed by the magnetic anisotropy of the Fermi sea. We interpret our numerical results by deriving a Landau--Gilbert--like equation for the collective spin, which demonstrates an ultrafast correction to the magnetic anisotropy effective field due to second order coherent nonlinear optical processes. Using the Lindblad semigroup method, we also derive a contribution to the interband polarization dephasing determined by the Mn spin and the hole spin dephasing. Our predicted magnetization tilt and subsequent nonlinear dynamics due to the magnetic anisotropy can be controlled by varying the optical pulse intensity, duration, and helicity and can be observed with pump--probe magneto--optical spectroscopy.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted to Physical Review B
New discoveries in cold rolling: understanding stress distribution and parameter dependence for faster, more accurate models
Creators: name: Flanagan, Francis
name: O'KIELY, DOIREANN
name: O'Connor, Alison
name: Erfanian, Mozhdeh
name: Brambley, Edward James
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: The finite element (FE) method is a powerful tool for simulating industrial metal forming processes such as metal rolling. FE allows users to estimate the stress distribution in the metal sheet during the rolling process. However, FE simulations do not allow for real-time online process control due to model complexity and computational time. This paper forms part of a largescale research project aimed at designing a simple-but-accurate mathematical model that provides sufficiently precise results (compared to FE simulations) with faster computational timescales allowing for real-time process control. To validate the asympotics-based mathematical model, an accurate FE model is required. In this paper, we give a detailed description of a quasi-static Abaqus/Explicit FE model and show how this is optimised to represent the rolling process. We report new insights gained from the FE simulations which can guide the development of simpler, faster mathematical models.
Contour integral method for thermal and quantal fluctuations
Creators: name: Kaneko, K.
name: Hasegawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partition function by means of the static path approximation (SPA) plus the random-phase approximation (RPA) treatment can be written as a contour integral form without solving the RPA equations for a separable interaction. This method is an efficient way to evaluate numerically the partition function for realistic calculations. As an illustration, we adopt the pairing model at finite temperature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Mass calibration of distant SPT galaxy clusters through expanded weak lensing follow-up observations with HST, VLT & Gemini-South
Creators: name: Schrabback, T.
name: Bocquet, S.
name: Sommer, M.
name: Zohren, H.
name: Busch, J. L. van den
name: Hernández-Martín, B.
name: Hoekstra, H.
name: Raihan, S. F.
name: Schirmer, M.
name: Applegate, D.
name: Bayliss, M.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Dietrich, J. P.
name: Floyd, B.
name: Hilbert, S.
name: Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.
name: McDonald, M.
name: Saro, A.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Weissgerber, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expanding from previous work we present weak lensing measurements for a total sample of 30 distant ($z_\mathrm{median}=0.93$) massive galaxy clusters from the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) Survey, measuring galaxy shapes in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys images. We remove cluster members and preferentially select $z\gtrsim 1.4$ background galaxies via $V-I$ colour, employing deep photometry from VLT/FORS2 and Gemini-South/GMOS. We apply revised calibrations for the weak lensing shape measurements and the source redshift distribution to estimate the cluster masses. In combination with earlier Magellan/Megacam results for lower-redshifts clusters we infer refined constraints on the scaling relation between the SZ detection significance and the cluster mass, in particular regarding its redshift evolution. The mass scale inferred from the weak lensing data is lower by a factor $0.76^{+0.10}_{-0.14}$ (at our pivot redshift $z=0.6$) compared to what would be needed to reconcile a flat Planck $νΛ$CDM cosmology (in which the sum of the neutrino masses is a free parameter) with the observed SPT-SZ cluster counts. In order to sensitively test the level of (dis-)agreement between SPT clusters and Planck, further expanded weak lensing follow-up samples are needed.
description: 32 pages, 20 figures, 12 tables, matches the version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Polarization of high-energy pulsar radiation in the striped wind model
Creators: name: Petri, J.
name: Kirk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Stokes parameters of the pulsed synchrotron radiation produced in the striped pulsar wind model are computed and compared with optical observations of the Crab pulsar. We assume the main contribution to the wind emissivity comes from a thin transition layer where the dominant toroidal magnetic field reverses its polarity. The radial component of the field is neglected, but a small meridional component is added. The resulting radiation is linearly polarized (Stokes V=0). In the off-pulse region, the electric vector lies in the direction of the projection on the sky of the rotation axis of the pulsar. This property is unique to the wind model and in good agreement with the data. Other properties such as a reduced degree of polarization and a characteristic sweep of the polarization angle within the pulses are also reproduced. These properties are qualitatively unaffected by variations of the wind Lorentz factor, the electron injection power law index and the inclination of the line of sight.
description: Accepted by ApJL
title: Eesti Arst, August 2017
title: August 2017
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Eesti Arst
Publisher: name: Eesti Arst
Year: 2017

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