cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pesticides and Myocardial Infarction Incidence and Mortality Among Male Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study
Creators: name: Hoppin, Jane A.
name: Freeman, Laura E.Beane
name: Sandler, Dale P.
name: Blair, Aaron
name: Mills, Katherine T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Acute organophosphate and carbamate pesticide poisonings result in adverse cardiac outcomes. The cardiac effects of chronic low-level pesticide exposure have not been studied. The authors analyzed self-reported lifetime use of pesticides reported at enrollment (1993–1997) and myocardial infarction mortality through 2006 and self-reported nonfatal myocardial infarction through 2003 among male pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. Using proportional hazard models, the authors estimated the association between lifetime use of 49 pesticides and fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction. There were 476 deaths from myocardial infarction among 54,069 men enrolled in the study and 839 nonfatal myocardial infarctions among the 32,024 participants who completed the follow-up interview. Fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarctions were associated with commonly reported risk factors, including age and smoking. There was little evidence of an association between having used pesticides, individually or by class, and myocardial infarction mortality (e.g., insecticide hazard ratio (HR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67, 1.24; herbicide HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.49, 1.10) or nonfatal myocardial infarction incidence (e.g., insecticide HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.66, 1.09; herbicide HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.61, 1.36). There was no evidence of a dose response with any pesticide measure. In a population with low risk for myocardial infarction, the authors observed little evidence of increased risk of myocardial infarction mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction associated with the occupational use of pesticides.
Positive Associations Between Ionizing Radiation and Lymphoma Mortality Among Men
Creators: name: Grant, Eric
name: Sakata, Ritsu
name: Kodama, Kazunori
name: Soda, Midori
name: Geyer, Susan
name: Suyama, Akihiko
name: Wing, Steve
name: Kasagi, Fumiyoshi
name: Shimizu, Yukiko
name: Richardson, David B.
name: Nishi, Nobuo
name: Sugiyama, Hiromi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The authors investigated the relation between ionizing radiation and lymphoma mortality in 2 cohorts: 1) 20,940 men in the Life Span Study, a study of Japanese atomic bomb survivors who were aged 15–64 years at the time of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and 2) 15,264 male nuclear weapons workers who were hired at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina between 1950 and 1986. Radiation dose-mortality trends were evaluated for all malignant lymphomas and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Positive associations between lymphoma mortality and radiation dose under a 5-year lag assumption were observed in both cohorts (excess relative rates per sievert were 0.79 (90% confidence interval: 0.10, 1.88) and 6.99 (90% confidence interval: 0.96, 18.39), respectively). Exclusion of deaths due to Hodgkin's disease led to small changes in the estimates of association. In each cohort, evidence of a dose-response association was primarily observed more than 35 years after irradiation. These findings suggest a protracted induction and latency period for radiation-induced lymphoma mortality.
(100835) Mary Matilda Burroughs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: SERAM CONTRIBUTION TO THE EUROSAFE IMAGING CALL FOR ACTION
Creators: name: Matute Teresa,  María de Fátima
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Audit and standards
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: CAD
subject: Professional issues
subject: eHealth
subject: Computer applications
subject: Action 12 - Information for and communication with patients
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 11 - Improved patient communication
subject: Action 4 - Quality of radiological equipment
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Biological effects
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Education and training

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: SERAM CONTRIBUTION TO THE EUROSAFE IMAGING CALL FOR ACTION The Spanish Society of Radiology contributes to the EuroSafe Imaging by implementing strengthening of medical radiation protection, promoting education and training, providing...
(100830) Mary Beete
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS DYSFUNCTION ASSOCIATED TO ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: MODULATION OF METABOLIC PATHWAYS AS A NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACH
Creators: name: ZODDA, ERIKA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: The endothelium plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and emerging evidences indicate that the onset of the pathological blood vessels and endothelial dysfunctions are associated with metabolic alterations in endothelial cells (ECs). This project aims at performing a complete characterization of the metabolic profiles of an endothelial pathological Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) cell model from 8 patients. The results discussed throughout this thesis are part of this attempt, and brought to the identification of the causes of the AMI pathology, as a consequence of the metabolic alterations related to the endothelium dysfunction. Patients-derived cells displayed a low proliferation rate and unveiled a dependence on mitochondrial metabolism, which results in increased ROS-oxidative stress. Patients-derived cells displayed slow growth, poor migration, and defective tubulogenesis, associated with less glucose consumption and higher lactate efflux in AMI patient-derived endothelial cells. Moreover, these cells showed also a glutamine-dependent metabolism to proliferate, and glutamine plays an important role as a precursor for the synthesis of glutathione to counter the high level of ROS detected in patients-derived cells. Additionally, the high content of glutaminase C (GAC) identified is fundamental to neutralize the acidic pH, which results from the lactate production. The previous observations indicate a profound metabolic reprogramming in AMI patient-derived endothelial cells. This suggests the occurrence of a broad and complex dysfunction in these cells, that should be reflected in global processes. Systematic analysis by RNA-seq led us to discover that the adaptor protein RAP80, a critical actor in homology-directed repair (HDR), is regulated by ESRP1/2 and controls cell growth and response to genotoxic stress. RAP80 presents two isoforms, which express differentially in epithelial or in mesenchymal phenotypes. Our analysis of the expression of these two isoforms in breast cancer demonstrates the clinical relevance of the alternative splicing event in the early prognosis of cancer disease. So we propose RAP80 as a possible target to reduce aggressive phenotypes in breast and prostate cancers, and we hypothesize a possible direct implication of this gene in the DNA-damage associated to some endothelial dysfunction.
Peer Evaluation & Team Development.pdf
Creators: name: McCarter, Beck
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Teacher education and professional development of educators
Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: This booklet is the pre-learning I set for Unit 5 of the Fundamentals of Team-Based Learning CPD programme. It provides an introduction to the framework and key concepts so that participants are ready to explore them in greater depth when they join the session.
Search for the dipole portal of heavy neutral leptons at future colliders
Creators: name: Ovchynnikov, Maksym
name: Zhu, Jing-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the potential of future colliders to explore the parameter space of heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) through the dipole portal. We consider hadron colliders such as the LHC in the high luminosity phase and FCC-hh, and lepton colliders, such as FCC-ee. We consider various signatures for the HNLs, including the missing energy signature and displaced decays, and discuss the complementarity between the hadron and lepton colliders. In particular, we find that thanks to a much clearer environment, FCC-ee may search for the HNLs with masses up to $\simeq 30\text{ GeV}$ and proper lifetimes $cτ_{N}\gtrsim 1\text{ cm}$, which is well beyond the reach of the experiments to be launched in the next decade.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, the published version with more discussion
Self-reported Vitamin Supplementation in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Miscarriage
Creators: name: Savitz, David A.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Hasan, Reem
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Hartmann, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Miscarriage is a common and poorly understood adverse pregnancy outcome. In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the relation between self-reported use of prenatal vitamins in early pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage. Between 2000 and 2008, 4,752 US women were prospectively enrolled in Right From the Start. Information about vitamin use was obtained from a first-trimester interview. Discrete-time hazard models were used, candidate confounders were assessed, and the following variables were included in the model: study site, maternal age, gravidity, marital status, education, race/ethnicity, smoking, and use of progesterone in early pregnancy. Approximately 95% of participants reported use of vitamins during early pregnancy. A total of 524 women had a miscarriage. In the final adjusted model, any use of vitamins during pregnancy was associated with decreased odds of miscarriage (odds ratio = 0.43, 95% confidence interval: 0.30, 0.60) in comparison with no exposure. These results should be viewed in the context of a potentially preventive biologic mechanism mitigated by possible confounding by healthy behaviors and practices that are also associated with vitamin supplement use during pregnancy.
The Sārasvat Odyssey
Creators: name: RODRIGUES, TENSING CARLOS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Archaeology
subject: Geography
subject: Sociology

description: Even though Kōṁkaṇ and Aparāṃt were geographically distant and ecologically disparate, the two terms are often treated as interchangeable. [Aparāṃt : The Western End, 15 Jan 17] The root of this ambiguity seems to lie in the odyssey of the sārasvat.
title: EuroSafe Imaging Stars
Creators: name: Frija, Guy
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Action 10 - EuroSafe Imaging Stars
subject: Action 8 - EuroSafe Imaging Stars network and data collection
subject: Education and training

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: EuroSafe Imaging is the European Society of Radiology’s (ESR) flagship initiative to promote quality and safety in medical imaging for the benefit of patients by strengthening medical radiation protection across Europe following a holistic and...
Symbolic Derivation of Mean-Field PDEs from Lattice-Based Models
Creators: name: Koutschan, Christoph
name: Ranetbauer, Helene
name: Regensburger, Georg
name: Wolfram, Marie-Therese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transportation processes, which play a prominent role in the life and social sciences, are typically described by discrete models on lattices. For studying their dynamics a continuous formulation of the problem via partial differential equations (PDE) is employed. In this paper we propose a symbolic computation approach to derive mean-field PDEs from a lattice-based model. We start with the microscopic equations, which state the probability to find a particle at a given lattice site. Then the PDEs are formally derived by Taylor expansions of the probability densities and by passing to an appropriate limit as the time steps and the distances between lattice sites tend to zero. We present an implementation in a computer algebra system that performs this transition for a general class of models. In order to rewrite the mean-field PDEs in a conservative formulation, we adapt and implement symbolic integration methods that can handle unspecified functions in several variables. To illustrate our approach, we consider an application in crowd motion analysis where the dynamics of bidirectional flows are studied. However, the presented approach can be applied to various transportation processes of multiple species with variable size in any dimension, for example, to confirm several proposed mean-field models for cell motility.
Evaluating Multiple Choice Questions for Readiness Assurance Tests
Creators: name: McCarter, Beck
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Teacher education and professional development of educators
Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: This booklet is the pre-learning I set for Unit 3 of the Fundamentals of Team-Based Learning CPD programme. It provides an introduction to the framework and key concepts so that participants are ready to explore them in greater depth when they join the session.
Python and Fast Imperative Code: Lowering the Barriers
Creators: name: Osborne, Ianna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In a typical HEP data analysis process, data is explored by a physicist loading large amounts of data into an interactive Python environment. The physicist performs various analyses of this data. The results of the first analysis tell the physicist what the next steps should be. Python as a dynamically typed language is ideal for this task. The downside is that Python is not very fast.
 
C++ as a statically typed language is fast. It is perfect for writing the performance critical components that speed things up. Python is used to arrange and connect these components. Thus at runtime the physicist can rearrange these components interactively, without reloading the data.
 
We will look at a few examples how to write your own analysis components and connect them via:
* Conversions of Awkward Arrays to and from RDataFrame (C++)
* Standalone cppyy (C++)
* Passing Awkward Arrays to and from Python functions compiled by Numba
* Passing Awkward Arrays to Python functions compiled for GPUs by Numba
Header-only libraries for populating Awkward Arrays from C++ without any Python dependencies
 
We will introduce Awkward Arrays in Julia via a recent development of Awkward Arrays PyJulia/PyCall.jl-based bridges.
title: The current roles and future directions of full iterative reconstruction in CT dose reduction.
Creators: name: Power, Stephen
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Computer applications
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Since its introduction in the 1970s computed tomography ( CT ) has revolutionised diagnostic decision making. However, the rapid increase in CT utilisation has brought with it significant medical and public concern with regards to the doses of...
Serum and Dietary Magnesium and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Ohira, Tetsuya
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Chambless, Lloyd E.
name: Iso, Hiroyasu
name: Peacock, James M.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The authors sought to examine the relation between serum or dietary magnesium and the incidence of ischemic stroke among blacks and whites. Between 1987 and 1989, 14,221 men and women aged 45–64 years took part in the first examination of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort. The incidence of stroke was ascertained from hospital records. Higher serum magnesium levels were associated with lower prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus at baseline. During the 15-year follow-up, 577 ischemic strokes occurred. Serum magnesium was inversely associated with ischemic stroke incidence. The age-, sex-, and race-adjusted rate ratios of ischemic stroke for those with serum magnesium levels of ≤1.5, 1.6, 1.7, and ≥1.8 mEq/L were 1.0, 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62, 0.96), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.88), and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.95) (Ptrend = 0.005). After adjustment for hypertension and diabetes, the rate ratios were attenuated to nonsignificant levels. Dietary magnesium intake was marginally inversely associated with the incidence of ischemic stroke (Ptrend = 0.09). Low serum magnesium levels could be associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke, in part, via effects on hypertension and diabetes.
Multi-wavelength Fibril Dynamics and Oscillations Above Sunspot - I. Morphological Signature
Creators: name: Mumpuni, Emanuel Sungging
name: Herdiwijaya, Dhani
name: Djamal, Mitra
name: Djamaluddin, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we selected one particular fibril from a high resolution solar chromosphere observation from the Dutch Open Telescope, and tried to obtain a broad picture of the intricate mechanism that might be incorporated in the multiple layer of the Solar atmosphere in high cadence multi-wavelength observation. We analyzed the changingvfibril patter using multi-wavelength tomography, which consists of both H$α$ line center \& the blue wing, Doppler-signal, Ca II H, and the G-band. We have found that the intermittent ejected material through fibril from Doppler images has clearly shown oscillation mode, as seen in the H$α$ blue wing. The oscillations in the umbrae and penumbrae magnetic field lines that are above the sunspot cause a broadening and forms the area like a ring shape from 3 to 15-minute oscillations as function of height. These made a distinct boundary of umbrae and penumbrae which suggest the comb structure, and indicate that the oscillations could propagate along the inclined magnetic flux tubes from below. The 3-minute strongly appeared in the broadly inclined penumbrae magnetic filed lines and gave the clear light-bridge. The well known 5-minute was dominated in the umbrae-penumbrae region boundary, the long 7-minute one was transparent in the H$α$ blue wing, but this was the same with 10 and 15-minute, it was concentrated in the inner-penumbrae, as seen in the H$α$ line center. From these findings we propose a picture on the role of fibril as the fabric of interaction between the layers, also the related activites around the active region under investigation.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Time-modified Confounding
Creators: name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Platt, Robert W.
name: Schisterman, Enrique F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: According to the authors, time-modified confounding occurs when the causal relation between a time-fixed or time-varying confounder and the treatment or outcome changes over time. A key difference between previously described time-varying confounding and the proposed time-modified confounding is that, in the former, the values of the confounding variable change over time while, in the latter, the effects of the confounder change over time. Using marginal structural models, the authors propose an approach to account for time-modified confounding when the relation between the confounder and treatment is modified over time. An illustrative example and simulation show that, when time-modified confounding is present, a marginal structural model with inverse probability-of-treatment weights specified to account for time-modified confounding remains approximately unbiased with appropriate confidence limit coverage, while models that do not account for time-modified confounding are biased. Correct specification of the treatment model, including accounting for potential variation over time in confounding, is an important assumption of marginal structural models. When the effect of confounders on either the treatment or outcome changes over time, time-modified confounding should be considered.
SI FUNDUS QUEM MIHI LOCAVERIS. CONFLITTI E SOPRAVVENIENZE NELLA LOCAZIONE-CONDUZIONE
Creators: name: GIUMELLI, ANNA SARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The thesis topic is the allocation of the patrimonial loss between the landlord and the tenant, due to a conflict of two different legal claims, having a partially identical object: the enjoyment of a real estate. On a side, the rental agreement gives to the tenant the right to use the good; on the other side, the good?s owner has the right to use it as well. In all the studied cases, there are three subjects interested in the legal sequence: the good?s owner, who claims the property on it; the tenant, who has the legal right to use the good and the landlord, who is bound to the good by a legal of a factual claim. The first part of the thesis is about the landlord who has a legal claim towards the good in the moment of the rental agreement and, during the contract execution, loses the legitimateness of legally disposition. In the first chapter, the landlord is the owner of the good and suffers the expropriation by a public authority. In the second chapter, the landlord-usufructuary dies during the term of the rental contract. In the third chapter, the landlord is bound to the good by a legal claim: he has sublet the good to a third party. Lastly the landlord-owner sells the good during the rental term. In the second part of the work, the landlord has never been bound to the good by any legal claim. He has only the factual disposition, when he rents the good. Two cases are presented: the good faith landlord suffers the eviction; the landlord, who knows the lack of any right to lease the good, and, nevertheless, rents the good. In all the decisions, the owner?s claim is preferred to the tenant?s one. All the jurists adopt Servius? teaching to solve the cases. Servius prescribes two rules to decide if the landlord has to compensate the harms caused to his tenant, deprived by the good enjoyment, or has only to remit the debt. In Servius? opinion, landlord?s behaviour is the guideline to decide the case. The first rule is applicable only if the landlord has a legal right at the moment of the rental agreement. In case the landlord is able to prevent the fact, which brings to the expulsion of the tenant, and he doesn?t, he has to compensate all the harms. Instead, it?s just a matter of remission of the debt. The second rule concerns the landlord who never had a legal claim on the good. Here the decisive parameter is the knowledge of the alienness of the good. According to this guideline, the good faith part, who thought to have a legal right, has just to remit the debt; the one, who knew to have only a factual power on the thing, has to compensate all the harms.
(100832) Sarah Beames
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hydrostatic pressure induced Dirac semimetal in black phosphorus
Creators: name: Gong, Peng-Lai
name: Liu, Da-Yong
name: Yan, Kai-Shuai
name: Xiang, Zi-Ji
name: Chen, Xian-Hui
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
name: Zou, Liang-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental observation of an hydrostatic pressure induced transition from semiconductor to semimetal in black phosphorus [Chen et al. in arXiv:1504.00125], we present the first principles calculation on the pressure effect of the electronic structures of black phosphorus. It is found that the band crossover and reversal at the Z point occur around the critical pressure Pc1=1.23 Gpa, and the band inversion evolves into 4 twofold-degenerate Dirac cones around the Z point, suggesting a 3D Dirac semimetal. With further increasing pressure the Dirac cones in the Gamma-Z line move toward the Gamma point and evolve into two hole-type Fermi pockets, and those in the Z-M lines move toward the M point and evolve into 2 hole-type Fermi pockets up to P=4.0 Gpa. It demonstrates clearly that the Lifshitz transition occurs at $P_{c1}$ from semiconductor to 3D Dirac semimetal protected by the nonsymmorphic space symmetry of bulk. This suggests the bright perspective of black phosphorus for optoelectronic and electronic devices due to its easy modulation by pressure.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, and 2 tables
Type of Alcoholic Beverage and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer—A Pooled Analysis Within the INHANCE Consortium
Creators: name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: La Vecchia, Carlo
name: Muscat, Joshua
name: Rudnai, Peter
name: Hashibe, Mia
name: Talamini, Renato
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Koifman, Sergio
name: Berthiller, Julien
name: Benhamou, Simone
name: Lence, Juan
name: Neto, Jose Eluf
name: Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonilia
name: Levi, Fabio
name: Morgenstern, Hal
name: Matos, Elena
name: Zhang, Zuo Feng
name: Wei, Qingyi
name: Purdue, Mark P.
name: Castellsague, Xavier
name: Sturgis, Erich M.
name: Zaridze, David
name: Brennan, Paul
name: Curado, Maria Paula
name: Lazarus, Philip
name: Wünsch-Filho, Victor
name: Pilarska, Agnieszka
name: Mates, Ioan Nicolae
name: Smith, Elaine
name: Maso, Luigino Dal
name: Hayes, Richard B.
name: Chen, Chu
name: Herrero, Rolando
name: Menezes, Ana
name: Schwartz, Stephen M.
name: Winn, Debbie
name: Fabianova, Eleonora
name: Franceschi, Silvia
name: Daudt, Alexander W.
name: Ferro, Gilles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The authors pooled data from 15 case-control studies of head and neck cancer (9,107 cases, 14,219 controls) to investigate the independent associations with consumption of beer, wine, and liquor. In particular, they calculated associations with different measures of beverage consumption separately for subjects who drank beer only (858 cases, 986 controls), for liquor-only drinkers (499 cases, 527 controls), and for wine-only drinkers (1,021 cases, 2,460 controls), with alcohol never drinkers (1,124 cases, 3,487 controls) used as a common reference group. The authors observed similar associations with ethanol-standardized consumption frequency for beer-only drinkers (odds ratios (ORs) = 1.6, 1.9, 2.2, and 5.4 for ≤5, 6–15, 16–30, and >30 drinks per week, respectively; Ptrend < 0.0001) and liquor-only drinkers (ORs = 1.6, 1.5, 2.3, and 3.6; P < 0.0001). Among wine-only drinkers, the odds ratios for moderate levels of consumption frequency approached the null, whereas those for higher consumption levels were comparable to those of drinkers of other beverage types (ORs = 1.1, 1.2, 1.9, and 6.3; P < 0.0001). Study findings suggest that the relative risks of head and neck cancer for beer and liquor are comparable. The authors observed weaker associations with moderate wine consumption, although they cannot rule out confounding from diet and other lifestyle factors as an explanation for this finding. Given the presence of heterogeneity in study-specific results, their findings should be interpreted with caution.
CULTURAL ROOTS OF TECHNOLOGY: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS FROM THE ANTIQUITY TO THE RENAISSANCE
Creators: name: AMBROSETTI, NADIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: The aim of this research work is to outline the history of proto-cybernetic systems throughout antiquity, Middle Ages and Renaissance. After identifying what are considered the main characteristics of an automaton, we examine all technical, literary, historical available sources, in order to get the descriptions not only of the actually built or designed automata, but also of the ones that were imagined in literary texts. From the work of historical reconstruction it has also been possible to make a classification of ancient automata, thanks to a UML representation of their operation. This classification of the types of automata and of the actions they could perform (or attributed to them) made it possible to build a matrix of distances of more than 200 automata (and of their features) with the Minkowski algorithm and consequently to get a philomemetic tree (with the software MEGA 4.0), which describes automata evolution over the period.
Using the Whole Cohort in the Analysis of Case-Cohort Data
Creators: name: Lumley, Thomas
name: Ballantyne, Christie M.
name: Kulich, Michal
name: Breslow, Norman E.
name: Chambless, Lloyd E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Case-cohort data analyses often ignore valuable information on cohort members not sampled as cases or controls. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study investigators, for example, typically report data for just the 10%–15% of subjects sampled for substudies of their cohort of 15,972 participants. Remaining subjects contribute to stratified sampling weights only. Analysis methods implemented in the freely available R statistical system (http://cran.r-project.org/) make better use of the data through adjustment of the sampling weights via calibration or estimation. By reanalyzing data from an ARIC study of coronary heart disease and simulations based on data from the National Wilms Tumor Study, the authors demonstrate that such adjustment can dramatically improve the precision of hazard ratios estimated for baseline covariates known for all subjects. Adjustment can also improve precision for partially missing covariates, those known for substudy participants only, when their values may be imputed with reasonable accuracy for the remaining cohort members. Links are provided to software, data sets, and tutorials showing in detail the steps needed to carry out the adjusted analyses. Epidemiologists are encouraged to consider use of these methods to enhance the accuracy of results reported from case-cohort analyses.
A quantum model of charge capture and release onto/from deep traps
Creators: name: Vrubel, Ivan I.
name: Khanin, Vasilii
name: Suta, Markus
name: Polozkov, Roman G.
name: Cherotchenko, Evgeniia D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid development of optical technologies and applications revealed the critical role of point defects affecting device performance. One of the powerful tools to study influence of defects on charge capture and recombination processes is thermoluminescence. The popular models behind thermoluminescence and carrier capture processes are semi-classic though. They offer good qualitative description, but implicitly exclude quantum nature of the accompanying parameters, such as frequency factors and capture cross sections. As a consequence, results obtained for a specific host material cannot be successfully extrapolated to other materials. Thus, the main purpose of our work is to introduce a reliable analytical model that describes non-radiative capture and release of electrons from/to the conduction band (CB). The proposed model is governed by Bose-Einstein statistics (for phonon occupation) and Fermi's golden rule (for resonant charge transfer between the trap and the CB). The constructed model offers a physical interpretation of the capture coefficients and frequency factors, and seamlessly includes the Coulomb neutral/attractive nature of traps. It connects the frequency factor to the overlap of wavefunctions of the delocalized CB and trap states, and suggests a strong dependence on the density of charge distribution, i.e. the ionicity/covalency of the chemical bonds within the host. Separation of the resonance condition from the accumulation/dissipation of phonons on the site leads to the conclusion that the capture cross-section does not necessarily depend on the trap depth. The model is verified by comparison to reported experimental data, showing good agreement. As such, the model generates reliable information about trap states whose exact nature is not completely understood and allows to do materials research in a more systematic way.
title: EURAMED – The European Alliance for Medical Radiation Protection Research
Creators: name: Hoeschen, Christoph
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Safety
subject: Radiation safety
subject: PET
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Action 13 - Stakeholder engagement and collaboration
subject: Action 9 - Facilitation of research in advanced topics of radiation protection
subject: Action 12 - Cooperation with international radiation protection initiatives and other stakeholders including IAEA, WHO, ICRP, HERCA, European Commission
subject: Action 10 - Improved communication and collaboration of health professionals in radiation protection
subject: Action 7 - Medical radiation protection research: MELODI, EURAMED
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: For the first time, five medical societies within Europe, the European Society of Radiology together with the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), the European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics (EFOMP), the European...
A Study of the Birth Weight-Obesity Relation Using a Longitudinal Cohort and Sibling and Twin Pairs
Creators: name: The, Natalie S.
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Sibling and twin study designs provide control for confounding factors that are typically unmeasured in traditional cohort studies. Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health collected at 3 visits during 1994–2002, the authors evaluated the longitudinal association between birth weight and later obesity in a traditional cohort study (n = 13,763; ages 11–21 years at baseline), controlling for sex, age, race/ethnicity, and parental education. Among persons with a nonobese mother, high birth weight (>4 kg) participants were more likely than normal birth weight (≥2.5–≤4 kg) participants to become obese later in life (incidence rate ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.28, 1.67). In a matched sibling pair sample (full siblings: n = 513; monozygotic twins: n = 207; dizygotic twins: n = 189), the authors examined longitudinal within-pair differences. Birth weight difference was positively associated with body mass index difference later in life for female monozygotic pairs only (β = 2.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 4.35). Given the null associations observed in the sibling sample, the commonly observed positive association between birth weight and later obesity from cohort analyses may be attributed to confounding by maternal characteristics. Further research is needed to identify specific factors that contribute to the birth weight–obesity relation.
title: Quantitative MRI Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Sergunova, Kristina
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Equipment
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 4 - Quality of radiological equipment
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Physics
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one the most popular methods of diagnosis. The main goal of it, as all diagnostic methods, is to produce high quality images to provide accessible, accurate, early-stage diagnostics. To obtain high resolution...
Association of Intrauterine and Early-Life Exposures With Age at Menopause in the Sister Study
Creators: name: Baird, Donna D.
name: D'Aloisio, Aimee A.
name: Steiner, Anne Z.
name: Sandler, Dale P.
name: Deroo, Lisa A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Oocytes are formed in utero; menopause occurs when the oocyte pool is depleted. The authors hypothesized that early-life events could affect the number of a woman's oocytes and determine age at menopause. To test their hypothesis, the authors conducted a secondary analysis of baseline data from 22,165 participants in the Sister Study (2003–2007) who were aged 35–59 years at enrollment. To estimate the association between early-life events and age at natural menopause, the authors used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for current age, race/ethnicity, education, childhood family income, and smoking history. Earlier menopause was associated with in-utero diethylstilbestrol exposure (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27, 1.65). Suggestive associations included maternal prepregnancy diabetes (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.98) and low birth weight (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.20). Having a mother aged 35 years or older at birth appeared to be associated with a later age at menopause (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.01). Birth order, in-utero smoke exposure, and having been breastfed were not related to age at menopause. In-utero and perinatal events may subsequently influence age at menopause.
Pure geometric thick $f(R)$-branes: stability and localization of gravity
Creators: name: Zhong, Yuan
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two exactly solvable five-dimensional thick brane world models in pure metric $f(R)$ gravity. Working in the Einstein frame, we show that these solutions are stable against small linear perturbations, including the tensor, vector, and scalar modes. For both models, the corresponding gravitational zero mode is localized on the brane, which leads to the four-dimensional Newton's law; while the massive modes are nonlocalized and only contribute a small correction to the Newton's law at a large distance.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, improved version, accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
(100833) John Beames Burroughs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Matrix similarity transformations derived from extended $q$-analogues of the Toda equation and Lotka-Volterra system
Creators: name: Watanabe, R.
name: Shinjo, M.
name: Iwasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37N30, 65F15

description: The $q$-Toda equation is derived from replacing ordinary derivatives with $q$-derivatives in the famous Toda equation. In this paper, we associate an extension of the $q$-Toda equation with matrix eigenvalue problems, and then show applications of its time-discretization to computing matrix eigenvalues. With respect to the Lotka-Volterra system, we also have the similar discussion on the case of the Toda equation.
title: CT Dose Management using a commercial system (GE DoseWatch) in Oncologic Patients : a interobserver comparison to preserve the quality of imaging while reducing the risks
Creators: name: Cancian, Luca
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Oncology
subject: Action 5 - Performance indicators for radiation protection management
subject: Action 11 - Dialogue with industry
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 9 - Development of criteria for safe imaging procedures
subject: Action 5 - Exchange and collaboration with medical industry
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Radiation exposure in oncologic patients has significantly increased during the last years. This is due to several factors, the use of new drugs that require more frequent monitoring with radiologic imaging and the greater survival of patients with...
Associations of Toenail Selenium Levels With Inflammatory Biomarkers of Fibrinogen, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Interleukin-6: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
Creators: name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Liu, Kiang
name: Stevens, June
name: Jacobs Jr., David R.
name: He, Ka
name: Xun, Pengcheng
name: Steven Morris, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The authors examined the associations of toenail selenium levels with blood concentrations of fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in an 18-year follow-up study comprising 4,032 Americans aged 20–32 years at baseline (1987) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Trace Element Study. Toenail samples were collected in 1987, and selenium concentrations were measured by means of instrumental neutron-activation analysis. Fibrinogen level was analyzed in 1990, 1992, and 2005; hs-CRP was assessed in 1992, 2000, and 2005; and IL-6 was measured in 2005. After adjustment for potential confounders, no statistically significant associations between toenail selenium levels and any of the 3 inflammatory biomarkers were documented. Comparing the highest quintile of toenail selenium level with the lowest, odds ratios for elevated levels of fibrinogen (>460 mg/mL), hs-CRP (>3 μg/mL), and IL-6 (>3.395 pg/mL, 80th percentile) were 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 1.38; P for trend = 0.76), 1.02 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.27; P for trend = 0.92), and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.36; P for trend = 0.82), respectively. Gender, race/ethnicity, smoking status, and selenium supplementation did not appreciably modify these results. This study found no associations between toenail selenium and inflammation as measured by fibrinogen, hs-CRP, and IL-6.
title: Structured Reporting Template for bringing the EU-Basic Safety Standards to the Point-of-Care
Creators: name: Kainberger, Franz
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CAD
subject: CAD
subject: eHealth
subject: Action 13 - Stakeholder engagement and collaboration
subject: Action 10 - Improved communication and collaboration of health professionals in radiation protection
subject: Workforce

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: With the Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM (Basic Safety Standards Directive, BSS) some new and some modifications of recommendations have been issued that directly influence the workflow of diagnostic imaging [1]. The changes will mainly affect the...