cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Prenatal Economic Strain and Infant Irritability at 6 Months of Age
Creators: name: Hobgood, Taylor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This study examined the association between prenatal economic strain and infant irritability at 6 months of age. A sample of 156 healthy mother-infant dyads were recruited as part of the Brain and Early Experience study. Prenatal visits were conducted as the first phase of this study during mother’s third trimester, and home visits were conducted when infants were 6 months of age. Economic strain was assessed via maternal self-report at the prenatal visit. At the 6 month visit, trained research assistants assessed various aspects of the home environment, including household chaos and neighborhood safety as well as infant irritability. Results showed significant associations between economic strain and household chaos and neighborhood safety. Although in this study economic strain did not predict infant irritability, we found evidence of the proposed pathway that may link these two variables, and future studies with larger sample sizes should further examine this question.
Shear-free Anisotropic Cosmological Models in f(R) Gravity
Creators: name: Abebe, Amare
name: Momeni, Davood
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of shear-free, homogeneous but anisotropic cosmological models with imperfect matter sources in the context of f(R) gravity. We show that the anisotropic stresses are related to the electric part of the Weyl tensor in such a way that they balance each other. We also show that within the class of orthogonal f(R) models, small perturbations of shear are damped, and that the electric part of the Weyl tensor and the anisotropic stress tensor decay with the expansion as well as the heat flux of the curvature fluid. Specializing in locally rotationally symmetric spacetimes in orthonormal frames, we examine the late-time behaviour of the de Sitter universe in $f(R)$ gravity. For the Starobinsky model of f(R), we study the evolutionary behavior of the Universe by numerically integrating the Friedmann equation, where the initial conditions for the expansion, acceleration and jerk parameters are taken from observational data.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, comments and references added to match accepted version; to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
(101948) Eleanor Wall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Promising Practices for Workforce Housing: Implications for Colleges and Universities
Creators: name: Arnold, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Although the first affordable housing program begin in 1917, the United States still faces a significant shortage of affordable housing today. The shortage disproportionately affects low-income workers who cannot afford to live near their jobs and face growing commutes. In order to mitigate the worsening effects of the shortage on lower income workers, non-governmental organizations are increasingly engaged in workforce housing development. This research draws on the extant literature, key informant interviews and surveys of affordable housing experts, and case studies of actual workforce housing development projects to create a set of “promising practices” that colleges and universities can deploy to develop much-needed workforce housing for some of their employees.
DOES GENDER DIVERSITY IMPACT FIRM PERFORMANCE? AN EXAMINATION OF LAW FIRMS AND REVENUE EARNED.
Creators: name: Smith, JoLynn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The topic of gender and law firms is becoming increasingly important as the number of women graduating from law school continues to rise. Concurrently, large, influential companies are demanding increased diversity in their legal representation. Building on prior research pertaining to gender diversity, I explore the relationship between gender diversity and business performance of a law firm, specifically exploring whether gender diversity within a law firm impacts the amount of revenue generated by a law firm. Using linear regression analysis, I explore the relationship between the percent of female employees and percent of female partners within a law firm and the annual revenue growth rate experienced by that firm. I explore the influences of headquarter location, national versus regional scope, and firm age on the relationship between gender diversity and law firm performance.
title: Normal findings and complications of post-neurosurgical spine.
Creators: name: Cannella, Roberto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Abscess
subject: Surgery
subject: Instrumentation
subject: Complications
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology spine

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review various imaging techniques, with their advantages and disadvantages, for the evaluation of the postoperative spine. To describe the imaging features of common postoperative findings and complications associated with various surgical...
Rectal Misoprostol in Women Undergoing Myomectomy for Intraoperative Blood Loss Reduction: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled study
Creators: name: Pruttaporn Maneerat
Publisher: name: PIMDEE Co., Ltd.
Year: 2019
Subjects: Leiomyoma
myomectomy
misoprostol
blood loss
hemoglobin

description: Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 27, 2, 82-93
Binary astrometric microlensing with Gaia
Creators: name: Sajadian, Sedighe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether Gaia can specify the binary fractions of massive stellar populations in the Galactic disk through astrometric microlensing. Furthermore, we study if some information about their mass distributions can be inferred via this method. In this regard, we simulate the binary astrometric microlensing events due to massive stellar populations according to the Gaia observing strategy by considering (a) stellar-mass black holes, (b) neutron stars, (c) white dwarfs and (d) main-sequence stars as microlenses. The Gaia efficiency for detecting the binary signatures in binary astrometric microlensing events is $\sim 10-20$ per cent. By calculating the optical depth due to the mentioned stellar populations, the number of the binary astrometric microlensing events being observed with Gaia with detectable binary signatures, for the binary fraction about 0.1, is estimated as 6, 11, 77 and 1316 respectively. Consequently, Gaia can potentially specify the binary fractions of these massive stellar populations. However, the binary fraction of black holes measured with this method has the large uncertainty owing to a low number of the estimated events. Knowing the binary fractions in massive stellar populations helps for studying the gravitational waves. Moreover, we investigate the number of massive microlenses which Gaia specifies their masses through astrometric microlensing of single lenses toward the Galactic bulge. The resulted efficiencies of measuring the mass of mentioned populations are 9.8, 2.9, 1.2 and 0.8 per cent respectively. The number of their astrometric microlensing events being observed in the Gaia era in which the lens mass can be inferred with the relative error less than 0.5 toward the Galactic bulge is estimated as 45, 34, 76 and 786 respectively.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Developing an Educational Curriculum for Nurses and Nursing Assistants on Nonpharmacological Pain Protocol Implementation in Long-Term Care
Creators: name: Hauck, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This undergraduate honors paper focuses on the process of creating an educational curriculum catered to nurses and nursing assistants in long-term care. The protocol is a set of standing orders which empowers nursing assistants and nurses to provide non pharmacological interventions for chronic pain. Evidence supports the use of lecture using slides and audio with additional educational strategies such as protocol reference sheet handouts and feedback from leadership members during the training session. These materials will be utilized in the upcoming skills fair prior to the protocol launching.
Development of an Urbanized Chinese Diet Index
Creators: name: Ali Cyr-Scully
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Background: In recent decades China has experienced a nutrition transition, rapid urbanization, and increased prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. There is an urgent need to understand the relationships between urbanization, diet, and disease, as cardiometabolic diseases are becoming huge killers. While urbanization is relatively well understood, and measures exist to quantify overall urbanization in China, no measure exists to quantify urbanized Chinese diet.
Objectives: The goal of this project was to develop an index measure of diet urbanization in China that reflected an overall urbanized diet across all provinces and that was not completely related to overall urbanization. This included creating a set of urbanized diet scores and testing the diet scores for associations with overall urbanization and cardiometabolic health outcomes.
Methods: This project used 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey data (n=20,915). We determined urbanized diet- related variables of interest through literature review and analysis of diet across provinces of China and urbanization tertiles. We developed a set of urbanized diet scores and analyzed the scores for associations with overall urbanization and cardiometabolic health outcomes, hypertension, overweight, and diabetes, using linear and logistic regressions with random effects, respectively.
Results: There was a weak positive association (r2= 0.18) between overall urbanization and urbanized diet. There were no associations seen between urbanized diet and the cardiometabolic health outcomes, hypertension, overweight, and diabetes, when controlling for overall urbanization.  
Conclusions: We were able to develop an urbanized diet index that was positively associated with overall urbanization, but did not solely represent urbanization and provided information specifically about diet. The urbanized diet index can be used longitudinally to analyze associations between diet and disease over time, and the methods can be used to develop similar measures in other countries to further analyze these associations.
Analyzing travel behavior in Hanoi using Support Vector Machine
Creators: name: Truong, Thi My Thanh
name: Ly, Hai Bang
name: Lee, Dongwoo
name: Pham, Binh Thai
name: Derrible, Sybil
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 90507 Transport Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120506 Transport Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study investigates travel decisions (i.e., travel mode and destination) in Hanoi (Vietnam) using Support Vector Machine (SVM). First, a travel interview survey was conducted and 311 responses were collected across Hanoi. Second, a SVM model was trained to predict travel decisions and compared with a multinomial logit (MNL) model (as a benchmark). Third, the most important variables that affect travel decisions were ranked and discussed. The results show that SVM achieves an accuracy of 76.1% (compared to 72.9% for MNL). Moreover, proposed parking charge, household income, trip mode, and trip cost are found to be the most important variables. In contrast, trip purpose, gender, and occupation are found to negatively affect the model. Overall, low travel cost and low motorcycle parking charge, especially for commuters and shoppers, make people less willing to switch to more sustainable modes such as public and active transport.
The Association Between Urbanized Diet and the Prevalence of Overweight, Diabetes, and Hypertension in China
Creators: name: Sanzone, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The unprecedented urbanization has become a public health concern for the population of China. The “nutrition transition” in Asia explains the dramatic changes in food consumption and eating habits: the increase in consumption of refined sugars, sodium, and saturated and trans-fats. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand how an urbanized diet is associated with diet-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and overweight to work toward improving the health of the nation. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, year 2015. Our team also has developed a diet urbanization index based on foods and eating habits considered a part of an urban diet. The development of the urbanized diet measure was based on consumption of different food groups as defined based on a household weighted inventory in combination with three consecutive 24-hour recall, ownership of specific cooking equipment, and eating habits that were regarded as urban. We quantified the association between the urbanized diet measure and cardiometabolic risk, measuring outcomes (hypertension, overweight, and diabetes) using adjusted odds ratios. We ran mixed effect logistics models, analyzing odds ratios and their complementary confidence intervals, accounting for correlation at both the community and household level using random intercepts. Our findings suggest a positive association between urbanized diet with overweight and diabetes, even after controlling for a wide range of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors related to overall urbanization. As such, consuming an urbanized diet, composed of high fats, processed foods, sweet snacks, and eating out was associated with higher overweight and diabetes prevalence. However, we did not find a similar association for hypertension. Our findings suggest that to reduce risk of cardiometabolic diseases, particularly overweight and diabetes, preventive and policy efforts to reduce the percentage of fat, sodium, and added sugars in processed foods and drinks. Furthermore, fast food restaurants should provide healthier options for customers. Our greatest limitation is the self-report data from CNHS. There is always self-reporting error in questionnaires. As for future research, since cardiometabolic diseases develop overtime and one’s diet can change throughout the years, it would be exciting and possibly more informative to conduct a longitudinal study.
(101945) Jessie Wall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: The feasibility of ultrasound diagnostics in confirmation of endotracheal tube position in neonates
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung
subject: Emergency
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Catheters
subject: Acute

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Endotracheal intubation is the common procedure routinely managed in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and delivery room. Incorrect endotracheal tube (ETT) position is associated with serious complications such as right upper lobe and left lung...
Measuring subhalo mass in redMaPPer clusters with CFHT Stripe 82 Survey
Creators: name: Li, Ran
name: Shan, Huanyuan
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Mo, Houjun
name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Moustakas, John
name: Xie, Lizhi
name: Erben, Thomas
name: Van Waerbeke, Ludovic
name: Makler, Martin
name: Rykoff, Eli
name: Moraes, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the shear catalog from the CFHT Stripe-82 Survey to measure the subhalo masses of satellite galaxies in redMaPPer clusters. Assuming a Chabrier Initial Mass Function (IMF) and a truncated NFW model for the subhalo mass distribution, we find that the sub-halo mass to galaxy stellar mass ratio increases as a function of projected halo-centric radius $r_p$, from $M_{\rm sub}/M_{\rm star}=4.43^{+ 6.63}_{- 2.23}$ at $r_p \in [0.1,0.3]$ $h^{-1}Mpc$ to $M_{\rm sub}/M_{\rm star}=75.40^{+ 19.73}_{- 19.09}$ at $r_p \in [0.6,0.9]$ $h^{-1}Mpc$. We also investigate the dependence of subhalo masses on stellar mass by splitting satellite galaxies into two stellar mass bins: $10
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRAS
title: Investigating reconstruction methods for gradient echo plural contrast imaging
Creators: name: Ruuth, Riikka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Artifacts
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Physics
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: MR physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suffers from long imaging times, which enhance patient movement, and therefore complicate comparing different image contrasts. Plural contrast imaging methods have been developed to overcome these...
The Relationship Between DNA Damage Response and Accumulation of DNA Damage in LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Mahesh, Divya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects 7-10 million people worldwide. Among people with PD, an accumulation of DNA damage has been noted, with one possible explanation for this accumulation being a dysregulated DNA damage response. Studying this DNA damage can open doors for new therapeutic targets of PD. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the role of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a protein involved in DNA damage response, and leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a kinase protein, in the accumulation of DNA damage in PD. I hypothesized that the implication of ATM and LRRK2 activation in LRRK2 G2019S PD indicates a relationship between a DNA damage response through ATM, LRRK2 kinase activity, and the accumulation of DNA damage. Western blot and immunocytochemistry (ICC) experimental methods were used to test this hypothesis in healthy control and LRRK2 G2019S lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). The results revealed increases in the phosphorylation of H2AX, a proxy for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), in LRRK2 G2019S cells. Increased baseline phosphorylation of ATM in LRRK2 G2019S cells as well as a decrease in H2AX phosphorylation following inhibition of ATM kinase activity suggested a relationship between a DNA damage response through ATM and the accumulation of DNA damage. Interestingly, the results also showed a reversal in DNA damage following inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity, implicating LRRK2 kinase activity in the accumulation of DNA damage in PD. Ultimately, the results of this study indicate a relationship between the accumulation of DSBs in PD, the DNA damage response via ATM, and LRRK2 kinase activity, although the exact nature of this relationship is still unknown.
title: Solitary Fibrous Tumors with Nervous System Involvement. Diagnostic Imaging Criteria.
Creators: name: Morán-Hevia, Marta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The objectives of this exhibit are: To describe and illustrate the radiological findings present in solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) with central nervous system involvement in our series of 5 patients using CT and multiparametric MRI. To review the new...
Women and Children First: The Complexity of Societal Change in Dracula and NOS4A2
Creators: name: White, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This article focuses on how a reading and interpretation of Dracula can inform the reading of NOS4A2 by Joe Hill. NOS4A2 is written as a reinterpretation of the vampire myth and draws heavily from Stoker’s classic novel. Charles Manx, the villain of Hill’s novel, has many similarities with Dracula in his appearance, but their abilities of what make them a “vampire” are vastly different. By looking at Dracula as a critique of the 1890s society and interpreting views about women in regards to their sexuality and independence, one can start to understand the comments that NOS4A2 makes on modern culture and its views on childhood innocence and the desire of preserving that innocence indefinitely.
A treatment procedure for VLT/SINFONI data cubes: application to NGC 5643
Creators: name: Menezes, R. B.
name: da Silva, Patrícia
name: Ricci, T. V.
name: Steiner, J. E.
name: May, D.
name: Borges, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this second paper of a series, we present a treatment procedure for data cubes obtained with the Spectrograph for Integral Field Observations in the Near Infrared of the Very Large Telescope. We verified that the treatment procedure improves significantly the quality of the images of the data cubes, allowing a more detailed analysis. The images of the Br$γ$ and H$_2 λ21218$ emission lines from the treated data cube of the nuclear region of NGC 5643 reveal the existence of ionized and molecular-gas clouds around the nucleus, which cannot be seen clearly in the images from the non-treated data cube of this galaxy. The ionized-gas clouds represent the narrow-line region, in the form of a bicone. We observe a good correspondence between the positions of the ionized-gas clouds in the Br$γ$ image and in an [O III] image, obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, of the nuclear region of this galaxy convolved with an estimate of the point-spread function of the data cube of NGC 5643. The morphologies of the ionized and molecular gas seem to be compatible with the existence of a molecular torus/disc that collimates the active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. The molecular gas may also flow along this torus/disc, feeding the AGN. This scenario is compatible with the unified model for AGNs.
description: 29 pages, 26 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
(101939) Edward Wakefield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: The influence of reporting on adrenal incidentaloma workup
Creators: name: Visser, Jacob
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Structured reporting
subject: CT
subject: Management

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The widespread application of CT-scans has resulted in an increased frequency of incidentally discovered adrenal incidentaloma (≥ 1 cm) (1-3). According to international guidelines: diagnostic workup of adrenal incidentalomas is needed to...
Assessing Exposure-Response Trends Using the Disease Risk Score
Creators: name: Keil, A.P.
name: Kinlaw, A.C.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Richardson, D.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Standardization by a disease risk score (DRS) may be preferable to weighting on the exposure
propensity score if the exposure is difficult to model (1), relatively novel (i.e., newly emerging or
rapidly-evolving), or extremely rare (2, 3). For exposures with more than two levels, methods
are lacking for a DRS-based approach. We present an approach to estimate trends in
standardized risk ratios (RRs) based on a regression model that uses a DRS.
Systematic comparison of trip distribution laws and models
Creators: name: Lenormand, Maxime
name: Bassolas, Aleix
name: Ramasco, José J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trip distribution laws are basic for the travel demand characterization needed in transport and urban planning. Several approaches have been considered in the last years. One of them is the so-called gravity law, in which the number of trips is assumed to be related to the population at origin and destination and to decrease with the distance. The mathematical expression of this law resembles Newton's law of gravity, which explains its name. Another popular approach is inspired by the theory of intervening opportunities which argues that the distance has no effect on the destination choice, playing only the role of a surrogate for the number of intervening opportunities between them. In this paper, we perform a thorough comparison between these two approaches in their ability at estimating commuting flows by testing them against empirical trip data at different scales and coming from different countries. Different versions of the gravity and the intervening opportunities laws, including the recently proposed radiation law, are used to estimate the probability that an individual has to commute from one unit to another, called trip distribution law. Based on these probability distribution laws, the commuting networks are simulated with different trip distribution models. We show that the gravity law performs better than the intervening opportunities laws to estimate the commuting flows, to preserve the structure of the network and to fit the commuting distance distribution although it fails at predicting commuting flows at large distances. Finally, we show that the different approaches can be used in the absence of detailed data for calibration since their only parameter depends only on the scale of the geographic unit.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Generalizing the per-protocol treatment effect: The case of ACTG A5095
Creators: name: Cole, S.R.
name: K Edwards, J.
name: Breger, T.L.
name: Schisterman, E.F.
name: Hall, H.I.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Lu, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Background Intention-to-treat comparisons of randomized trials provide asymptotically consistent estimators of the effect of treatment assignment, without regard to compliance. However, decision makers often wish to know the effect of a per-protocol comparison. Moreover, decision makers may also wish to know the effect of treatment assignment or treatment protocol in a user-specified target population other than the sample in which the trial was fielded. Here, we aimed to generalize results from the ACTG A5095 trial to the US recently HIV-diagnosed target population. Methods We first replicated the published conventional intention-to-treat estimate (2-year risk difference and hazard ratio) comparing a four-drug antiretroviral regimen to a three-drug regimen in the A5095 trial. We then estimated the intention-to-treat effect that accounted for informative dropout and the per-protocol effect that additionally accounted for protocol deviations by constructing inverse probability weights. Furthermore, we employed inverse odds of sampling weights to generalize both intention-to-treat and per-protocol effects to a target population comprising US individuals with HIV diagnosed during 2008–2014. Results Of 761 subjects in the analysis, 82 dropouts (36 in the three-drug arm and 46 in the four-drug arm) and 59 protocol deviations (25 in the three-drug arm and 34 in the four-drug arm) occurred during the first 2 years of follow-up. A total of 169 subjects incurred virologic failure or death. The 2-year risks were similar both in the trial and in the US HIV-diagnosed target population for estimates from the conventional intention-to-treat, dropout-weighted intention-to-treat, and per-protocol analyses. In the US target population, the 2-year conventional intention-to-treat risk difference (unit: %) for virologic failure or death comparing the four-drug arm to the three-drug arm was −0.4 (95% confidence interval: −6.2, 5.1), while the hazard ratio was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.70, 1.34); the 2-year risk difference was −0.9 (95% confidence interval: −6.9, 5.3) for the dropout-weighted intention-to-treat comparison (hazard ratio = 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.68, 1.32) and −0.7 (95% confidence interval: −6.7, 5.5) for the per-protocol comparison (hazard ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 1.34). Conclusion No benefit of four-drug antiretroviral regimen over three-drug regimen was found from the conventional intention-to-treat, dropout-weighted intention-to-treat or per-protocol estimates in the trial sample or target population.
We need these bodies, but not their knowledge: Black women in the archival science professions and their connection to the archives of enslaved black women in the french antilles
Creators: name: Warren, Kellee
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Despite calls for diversity and minority participation in library and information science (LIS) and archival science, these professions have seen little change in this respect over the past two decades. This paper attempts to connect the archived, enslaved black woman of the French Antilles to the contemporary black woman in the United States. The paucity of archival materials on the first group is reflective of the low incidence of the second group in today’s archives profession. That is, the way in which black women of the Americas have been historically misrepresented or not represented at all can be connected to recruitment and retention problems in the archival profession. If black women are not recognized as worthwhile subjects in the archives, and presently not valued as knowers, how can they be accepted as library and archive professionals? If the archives are where origin stories are excavated, black women—through the profession of archival science—have a role to play in the administration and management of archival materials concerning the historical enslavement of black women. This paper will specifically discuss concepts from archival appraisal theory and highlight the ways in which power influences the collection of archival materials. Also, educational and training solutions that include black feminist thought, critical race theory, and cognitive justice are discussed.
Safety of dynamic intravenous iron administration strategies in hemodialysis patients
Creators: name: Brookhart, M.A.
name:  Fine, J.P.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Li, X.
name: Stürmer, T.
name: Kshirsagar, A.V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Background and objectives Intravenous iron therapy for chronic anemia management is largely driven by dosing protocols that differ in intensity with respect to dosing approach (i.e., dose, frequency, and duration). Little is known about the safety of these protocols. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using clinical data from a large United States dialysis provider linked to health care utilization data from Medicare, we constructed a cohort of patients with ESKD aged ≥65 years who initiated and continued center-based hemodialysis for ≥90 days between 2009 and 2012, and initiated at least one of the five common intravenous iron administration strategies; ranked by intensity (the amount of iron given at moderate-to-high iron indices), the order of strategies was 3 (least intensive), 2 (less intensive), 1 (reference), 4 (more intensive), and 5 (most intensive). We estimated the effect of continuous exposure to these strategies on cumulative risks of mortality and infection-related events with dynamic Cox marginal structural models. Results Of 13,249 eligible patients, 1320 (10%) died and 1627 (12%) had one or more infection-related events during the 4-month follow-up. The most and least commonly initiated strategy was strategy 2 and 5, respectively. Compared with the reference strategy 1, more intensive strategies (4 and 5) demonstrated a higher risk of all-cause mortality (e.g., most intensive strategy 5: 60-day risk difference: 1.3%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.8% to 2.1%; 120-day risk difference: 3.1%; 95% CI, 1.0% to 5.6%). Similarly, higher risks were observed for infection-related morbidity and mortality among more intensive strategies (e.g., strategy 5: 60-day risk difference: 1.8%; 95% CI, 1.2% to 2.6%; 120-day risk difference: 4.3%; 95% CI, 2.2% to 6.8%). Less intensive strategies (2 and 3) demonstrated lower risks of all-cause mortality and infection-related events. Conclusions Among dialysis patients surviving 90 days, subsequent intravenous iron administration strategies promoting more intensive iron treatment at moderate-to-high iron indices levels are associated with higher risks of mortality and infection-related events.
Quadratic unitary Cayley graphs of finite commutative rings
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaogang
name: Zhou, Sanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50 05C25

description: The purpose of this paper is to study spectral properties of a family of Cayley graphs on finite commutative rings. Let $R$ be such a ring and $R^\times$ its set of units. Let $Q_R=\{u^2: u\in R^\times\}$ and $T_R=Q_R\cup(-Q_R)$. We define the quadratic unitary Cayley graph of $R$, denoted by $\mathcal{G}_R$, to be the Cayley graph on the additive group of $R$ with respect to $T_R$; that is, $\mathcal{G}_R$ has vertex set $R$ such that $x, y \in R$ are adjacent if and only if $x-y\in T_R$. It is well known that any finite commutative ring $R$ can be decomposed as $R=R_1\times R_2\times\cdots\times R_s$, where each $R_i$ is a local ring with maximal ideal $M_i$. Let $R_0$ be a local ring with maximal ideal $M_0$ such that $|R_0|/|M_0| \equiv 3\,(\mod\,4)$. We determine the spectra of $\mathcal{G}_R$ and $\mathcal{G}_{R_0\times R}$ under the condition that $|R_i|/|M_i|\equiv 1\,(\mod\,4)$ for $1 \le i \le s$. We compute the energies and spectral moments of such quadratic unitary Cayley graphs, and determine when such a graph is hyperenergetic or Ramanujan.
title: Color Doppler dynamic tissue renal parenchymal perfusion measurement in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
Creators: name: Wozniak, Magdalena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Kidney
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Infection

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is present in 20–50% of children suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is associated with an increased risk of renal scarring and impaired renal function. Early detection of renal perfusion...
Using animations of risk functions to visualize trends in US all-cause and cause-specific mortality, 1968-2016
Creators: name: Cole, S.R.
name: Richardson, D.B.
name: Rudolph, J.E.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Serre, M.L.
name: Whitsel, E.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Objectives. To use dynamic visualizations of mortality risk functions over both calendar year and age as a way to estimate and visualize patterns in US life spans. Methods. We built 49 synthetic cohorts, 1 per year 1968 to 2016, using National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) mortality and population data. Within each cohort, we estimated age-specific probabilities of dying from any cause (all-cause analysis) or from a particular cause (cause-specific analysis). We then used Kaplan–Meier (all-cause) or Aalen–Johansen (cause-specific) estimators to obtain risk functions. We illustrated risk functions using time-lapse animations. Results. Median age at death increased from 75 years in 1970 to 83 years in 2015. Risk by age 100 years of cardiovascular mortality decreased (from a risk of 55% in 1970 to 32% in 2015), whereas risk attributable to other (i.e., nonrespiratory and noncardiovascular) causes increased in compensation. Conclusions. Our findings were consistent with the trends published in the NCHS 2015 mortality report, and our dynamic animations added an efficient, interpretable tool for visualizing US mortality trends over age and calendar time.
(101941) Marian Charlotte Wakefield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Whole body MRI: How, When, Why.
Creators: name: Stecco, Alessandro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Staging
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Metastases
subject: Haematologic diseases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The major teaching points of this exhibit are: the technical issues aboutimage acquisition, strategies to improve and optimize this technique, to understand how to read and interpret Whole-bodydiffusion-weighted (WB) images-correlations with other...
title: Unusual imaging features of giant cell tumor of the bone.
Creators: name: Morales Pérez, Jose Manuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Also called osteoclastoma, giant cell tumor (GCT) accounts for approximately 7% of primary osseous tumors and 20% of benign tumors. It has been diagnosed in patients upto the age of 50, although its incidence is greatest in the 3th decade of...
Stellar matter with pseudoscalar condensates
Creators: name: Andrianov, A. A.
name: Andrianov, V. A.
name: Espriu, D.
name: Kolevatov, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider how the appearance of gradients of pseudoscalar condensates in dense systems may possibly influence the transport properties of photons in such a medium as well as other thermodynamic characteristics. We adopt the hypothesis that in regions where the pseudoscalar density gradient is large the properties of photons and fermions are governed by the usual lagrangian extended with a Chern-Simons interaction for photons and a constant axial field for fermions. We find that these new pieces in the lagrangian produce non-trivial reflection coefficients both for photons and fermions when entering or leaving a region where the pseudoscalar has a non-zero gradient. A varying pseudoscalar density may also lead to instability of some fermion and boson modes and modify some properties of the Fermi sea. We speculate that some of these modifications could influence the cooling rate of stellar matter (for instance in compact stars) and have other observable consequences. While quantitative results may depend on precise astrophysical details most of the consequences are quite universal and consideration should be given to this possibility.
description: 14 pages,6 figures, the version to be published
Quality Enhancement in Education: Integration of ICTs into the School Classrooms
Creators: name: Poudel, Ambika Prasad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs),ICT-infrastructures, enhancement in education

description: A Mini Research Submitted to The Eternal Examiner, Research Management Cell, Dhankuta Multiple Campus, Dhankuta 2020
Prevalence and 1-year incidence of frailty among women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study
Creators: name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Moran, C.A.
name: Gange, S.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: Plankey, M.
name: Fischl, M.A.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Gustafson, D.R.
name: Bolivar, H.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Konkle-Parker, D.
name: Tien, P.C.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Fatukasi, T.V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: A previous cross-sectional analysis of 2028 women in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), who were on average 39 years old, found a frailty prevalence of 17% and 10% in women with or at risk for HIV, respectively [1]. To our knowledge, the only two longitudinal studies of frailty among people with HIV were conducted in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), which includes only men [2,3]. Data on the distribution of frailty components are limited, and have not been reported for HIV-seropositive people in the United States
Nonperturbative approach to the parton model
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonperturbative parton distributions, obtained from the Lorentz contracted wave functions, are analyzed in the formalism of many-particle Fock components and their properties are compared to the standard perturbative distributions. We show that the collinear and IR divergencies specific for perturbative evolution treatment are absent in the nonperturbative version, however for large momenta< $ \vep^2_i \gg σ$ (string tension), the bremsstrahlung kinematics is restored. A preliminary discussion of possible nonperturbative effects in DIS and high energy scattering is given, including in particular a possible role of multihybrid states in creating ridge-type effects.
description: 30 pages,5 figures;new equations added
(101942) Maude Oldham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fine and superfine structure of Decameter-Hectometer type II burst on 2011 June 7
Creators: name: Dorovskyy, V. V.
name: Melnik, V. N.
name: Konovalenko, A. A.
name: Brazhenko, A. I.
name: Panchenko, M.
name: Poedts, S.
name: Mykhaylov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of the type II bursts with herringbone structure observed both by ground based radio telescopes (UTR-2, URAN-2) and spaceborn spectrometers (STEREO A-B) are discussed. The burst was recorded on 7 June, 2011 in the frequency band 3--33~MHz. It was characterized by extremely rich fine structure. The statistical analysis of more than 300 herringbone sub-bursts constituting the burst was performed separately for the positively (reverse) and negatively (forward) drifting sub-bursts. The sense and the degree of circular polarization of the herringbone sub-bursts were measured in the respectively wide frequency band (16--32~MHz). A second order fine frequency structure of the herringbone sub-bursts was firstly observed and processed. Using STEREO COR1 (A,B) and SOHO LASCO C2 images the direction and radial speed of the CME responsible for the studied type II burst were determined. The possible location of the type II burst source on the flank of the shock was found.
description: Published in Solar Physics. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11207-015-0725-9