cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Principles of motor learning speech therapy for children with cleft palate (Hanley et al., 2023)
Creators: name: Hanley, Leah
name: Ballard, Kirrie J.
name: Dickson, Alicia
name: Purcell, Alison
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Speech pathology
Motor control

description: Purpose: This is a pilot study to apply an articulatory kinematic speech intervention that uses the principles of motor learning (PML) to improve speech and resonance outcomes for children with cleft palate. It is hypothesized that (a) treatment that applies select PML during practice will improve production of treated phonemes, representing both active and inconsistent passive errors, at word level in children with cleft palate; (b) effects of practice on phonemes with active or inconsistent passive errors will generalize to untreated exemplars of treated phonemes; and (c) learning will be retained for at least 1-month posttreatment. Method: A multiple-baseline design across participants combined with a crossover single-case experimental model was used. Participants attended two 8-week blocks of twice-weekly face-to-face speech therapy (40–50 min/treatment) to treat active and inconsistent passive cleft speech errors using articulatory kinematic speech intervention that applied PML. The participants were four children with cleft-type speech errors. The primary dependent variable measured was percentage of words correct across treatment items, generalization items, and control items. Perceptual accuracy of target words was scored. Effect sizes were calculated to quantify the magnitude of treatment effect. Results: For three children with active and inconsistent passive cleft speech errors and one child with active cleft speech errors and developmental phonological speech errors, this approach resulted in improvements to their treated items and generalization to their untreated items. Inconsistent passive cleft speech errors were particularly responsive to the treatment in the three children who presented with these errors. Conclusion: This Phase I study has shown that articulatory kinematic speech intervention that applies the PML is effective in improving the speech outcomes for children with cleft palate and that there is validity in pursuing further research into this approach. Supplemental Material S1. PML Speech Intervention for Cleft Palate Pilot Study – Therapy Manual. Hanley, L., Ballard, K. J., Dickson, A., & Purcell, A. (2023). Speech intervention for children with cleft palate using principles of motor learning. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(1), 169–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00007
A case study for terahertz-assisted single attosecond pulse generation
Creators: name: Balogh, Emeric
name: Kovács, Katalin
name: Tosa, Valer
name: Varjú, Katalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the use of strong THz radiation in assisting single attosecond pulse generation by few-cycle, 800 nm laser pulses. We optimize focusing conditions to generate short and powerful single attosecond pulses of high-energy photons by keeping the parameters of the THz field within the limits achieved experimentally. We show that using optimal focusing geometry isolated attosecond pulses shorter than 100 as can be obtained even in the absence of further gating or XUV compression techniques, using an 8 fs generating pulse. Furthermore, quantum path control of short- and long-trajectory components is demonstrated by varying the delay between the THz and IR pulses.
Additional file 1 of The Israeli anesthesiology workforce crisis: a reassessment survey
Creators: name: Wimpfheimer, Ariel
name: Ginosar, Yehuda
name: Fein, Shai
name: Goldberger, Esty
name: Weissman, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
The pros and cons of the inversion method approach to derive 3D dust emission properties of the ISM: the Hi-GAL field centred on (l,b)=(30$^{\circ}$,0$^{\circ}$)
Creators: name: Traficante, Alessio
name: Paladini, Roberta
name: Compiegne, Mathieu
name: Alves, Marta I. R.
name: Cambresy, Laurent
name: Gibson, Steven J.
name: Tibbs, Christopher T.
name: Noriega-Crespo, Alberto
name: Molinari, Sergio
name: Carey, Sean J.
name: Ingalls, Jim G.
name: Natoli, Paolo
name: Davies, Rod D.
name: Davis, Richard J.
name: Dickinson, Clive
name: Fuller, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herschel FIR continuum data obtained as part of the Hi-GAL survey have been used, together with the GLIMPSE 8 $μ$m and MIPSGAL 24 $μ$m data, to attempt the first 3D-decomposition of dust emission associated with atomic, molecular and ionized gas at 15 arcmin angular resolution. Our initial test case is a 2$\times$2 square degrees region centred on (l,b)=(30$^{\circ}$,0$^{\circ}$), a direction that encompasses the origin point of the Scutum-Crux Arm at the tip of the Galactic Bar. Coupling the IR maps with velocity maps specific for different gas phases (HI 21cm, $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO, and RRLs), we estimate the properties of dust blended with each of the gas components and at different Galactocentric distances along the LOS. A statistical Pearson's coefficients analysis is used to study the correlation between the column densities and the intensity of the IR emission. This analysis provides evidence that the 2$\times$2 square degree field under consideration is characterized by the presence of a gas component not accounted for by the standard tracers, possibly associated with warm H$_{2}$ and cold HI. We demonstrate that the IR radiation in the range 8 $μ$m $
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 30 pages, 20 figures, 7 tables
title: Characterisation of the Infant Immune System and the Influence and Immunogenicity of BCG Vaccination in Infant and Adult Rhesus Macaques
Creators: name: Sarfas, Charlotte Anne Louise
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, BCG is recommended close after birth to protect infants from severe forms of TB. BCG has variable efficacy and provides limited protection against adult pulmonary TB, with guidance recommending that it is not administered to adults over 35 years. Most animal models used to study novel TB vaccine candidates rely on the use of adult animals, despite studies showing differences in the infant immune system that continues to change during ageing. The aim of this thesis was to characterise BCG-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques vaccinated in infancy and compare those to similarly vaccinated adults. BCG-specific immune responses were detected in macaques vaccinated in infancy from six weeks after immunisation indicating that neonatal macaques are able to generate a functional cellular response to BCG. However, responses measured were significantly lower than those observed following vaccination in adults. Infant profiles were skewed towards the activation and attraction of macrophages and monocytes and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The frequency of specific immune cell populations changed significantly as macaques progressed to adulthood. Notably, the CD4:CD8 ratio significantly declined as macaques aged. The frequency of T-cells expressing memory marker CD95, and memory subset populations increased significantly as animals matured. Macaques vaccinated in infancy possessed a significantly higher frequency of classical monocytes and granulocytes which remained higher throughout the first three years of life compared to unvaccinated age-matched animals. This project highlights differences in the phenotypic profile and functional ability of the immature host immune system when compared to that of adults which leads to an altered response to BCG. This provides an insight into the mechanism by which BCG vaccination provides protection in infants and is critical for our understanding of appropriate model use for the testing of vaccines.
Principles of motor learning speech therapy for children with cleft palate (Hanley et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Hanley, Leah
name: Ballard, Kirrie J.
name: Dickson, Alicia
name: Purcell, Alison
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Speech pathology
Motor control

description: Purpose: This is a pilot study to apply an articulatory kinematic speech intervention that uses the principles of motor learning (PML) to improve speech and resonance outcomes for children with cleft palate. It is hypothesized that (a) treatment that applies select PML during practice will improve production of treated phonemes, representing both active and inconsistent passive errors, at word level in children with cleft palate; (b) effects of practice on phonemes with active or inconsistent passive errors will generalize to untreated exemplars of treated phonemes; and (c) learning will be retained for at least 1-month posttreatment. Method: A multiple-baseline design across participants combined with a crossover single-case experimental model was used. Participants attended two 8-week blocks of twice-weekly face-to-face speech therapy (40–50 min/treatment) to treat active and inconsistent passive cleft speech errors using articulatory kinematic speech intervention that applied PML. The participants were four children with cleft-type speech errors. The primary dependent variable measured was percentage of words correct across treatment items, generalization items, and control items. Perceptual accuracy of target words was scored. Effect sizes were calculated to quantify the magnitude of treatment effect. Results: For three children with active and inconsistent passive cleft speech errors and one child with active cleft speech errors and developmental phonological speech errors, this approach resulted in improvements to their treated items and generalization to their untreated items. Inconsistent passive cleft speech errors were particularly responsive to the treatment in the three children who presented with these errors. Conclusion: This Phase I study has shown that articulatory kinematic speech intervention that applies the PML is effective in improving the speech outcomes for children with cleft palate and that there is validity in pursuing further research into this approach. Supplemental Material S1. PML Speech Intervention for Cleft Palate Pilot Study – Therapy Manual. Hanley, L., Ballard, K. J., Dickson, A., & Purcell, A. (2022). Speech intervention for children with cleft palate using principles of motor learning. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(1), 169–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00007
Parental Experiences of Taking Part in Collaborative Psychological Assessment Meetings within the Education, Health and Care Needs Assessment for their Child’s Special Educational Needs
Creators: name: Malkin, Louise
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education Health and Care Plan
Special Educational Needs
statutory assessment
parent experience
Educational Psychologist
collaboration
co-production

description: The Children and Families Act (2014) and Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) Code of Practice (Department for Education [DfE] & Department for Health [DoH], 2015) emphasises collaboration with parents during the Education, Health and Care Needs Assessment (EHCNA) of their child’s special needs. Despite this, parents continue to express dissatisfaction concerning their involvement within the EHCNA process. In response, one Educational Psychology Service in England introduced a novel approach to the educational psychology EHCNA, namely, a ‘Collaborative Assessment Meeting’ (CAM). During these meetings, parents, Educational Psychologists (EPs) and other professionals jointly record the child’s strengths and needs, alongside suggested outcomes and educational provision. This study explores parents’ experiences of taking part in CAMs. The experiences of three parents were gathered via semi-structured interviews and responses analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Four group experiential themes were identified: ‘power’, ‘emotional aspects’, ‘collaboration’ and ‘impact of the wider EHCNA process and education system’. Findings indicate the pivotal role of professionals, notably the EP, in mitigating the negative impact of power upon parents, utilising interpersonal skills to support emotional demands, and enabling parents’ full involvement during the process. The implications for EPs and other professionals involved with parents during the EHCNA process are outlined.
National Coordination of Data Steward Education in Denmark: next steps
Creators: name: Wildgaard, Lorna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data Steward, curriculum development, terminology

description: Presentation to the  DINI/nestor-Workshop: "Data Stewardship im Forschungsdatenmanagement - Was ist das? Rollen, Aufgabenprofile, Einsatzgebiete". The presentation is in English and covers a brief introduction to the Danish project on Data Steward Education, the thoughts behind a new 1 yr master in Data Stewardship and links to other initiatives on the professionalisation of Data Stewardship.
Accuracy of telephone captions (Bochner et al., 2023)
Creators: name: Bochner, Joseph
name: Indelicato, Mark
name: Konnur, Pralhad
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Communication studies
Communication technology and digital media studies
Audiology
Audio processing

description: Purpose: Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is commonly used to produce telephone captions to provide telecommunication access for individuals who are d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH). However, little is known about the effects of degraded telephone audio on the intelligibility of ASR captioning. This research note investigates the accuracy of telephone captions produced by ASR under degraded audio conditions. Method: Packet loss, delay, and repetition are common sources of degradation in sound quality for telephone audio. Eleven sets of wideband filtered sentences were degraded by high and low levels of simulated packet loss, delay, and repetition. These sets, along with a clean set of sentences, were submitted to ASR, and the accuracy of the resulting output was evaluated using three metrics: a word recognition score, word error rate, and word information loss. Results: The resulting pattern of data indicated the relative impact of each degraded condition on message intelligibility. The high and low packet loss conditions had the largest effect on message intelligibility. This finding was interpreted to indicate that packet loss can have a substantial impact on the accuracy of telephone captions produced with ASR. Conclusions: The results of this investigation point to a potential area of improvement in service quality that could have a substantial impact on telecommunication services for consumers who are DHH. Further research in this area is needed to provide additional information concerning the scope and impact of packet loss on the accuracy of telephone captioning produced by ASR. Supplemental Materials S1–S4. Sample waveforms of one stimulus sentence in four conditions to illustrate the effects of the simulations for Wideband Filter (S1), High Dropout (S2), High Delay (S3), and High Repeat (S4). Supplemental Material S5. Audio files containing the stimulus material used in this investigation. Bochner, J., Indelicato, M., & Konnur, P. (2023). Effects of sound quality on the accuracy of telephone captions produced by automatic speech recognition: A preliminary investigation. American Journal of Audiology, 32(1), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_AJA-22-00102
Initiation of Coronal Mass Ejections by Sunspot Rotation
Creators: name: Török, Tibor
name: Temmer, Manuela
name: Valori, Gherardo
name: Veronig, Astrid
name: van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia
name: Vršnak, Bojan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a filament eruption, two-ribbon flare, and coronal mass ejection (CME) that occurred in Active Region NOAA 10898 on 6 July 2006. The filament was located South of a strong sunspot that dominated the region. In the evolution leading up to the eruption, and for some time after it, a counter-clockwise rotation of the sunspot of about 30 degrees was observed. We suggest that the rotation triggered the eruption by progressively expanding the magnetic field above the filament. To test this scenario, we study the effect of twisting the initially potential field overlying a pre-existing flux-rope, using three-dimensional zero-$β$ MHD simulations. We first consider a relatively simple and symmetric system, and then study a more complex and asymmetric magnetic configuration, whose photospheric flux distribution and coronal structure are guided by the observations and a potential field extrapolation. In both cases, we find that the twisting leads to the expansion of the overlying field. As a consequence of the progressively reduced magnetic tension, the flux-rope quasi-statically adapts to the changed environmental field, rising slowly. Once the tension is sufficiently reduced, a distinct second phase of evolution occurs where the flux-rope enters an unstable regime characterized by a strong acceleration. Our simulations thus suggest a new mechanism for the triggering of eruptions in the vicinity of rotating sunspots.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures
Accuracy of telephone captions (Bochner et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Bochner, Joseph
name: Indelicato, Mark
name: Konnur, Pralhad
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Communication studies
Communication technology and digital media studies
Audiology
Audio processing

description: Purpose: Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is commonly used to produce telephone captions to provide telecommunication access for individuals who are d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH). However, little is known about the effects of degraded telephone audio on the intelligibility of ASR captioning. This research note investigates the accuracy of telephone captions produced by ASR under degraded audio conditions. Method: Packet loss, delay, and repetition are common sources of degradation in sound quality for telephone audio. Eleven sets of wideband filtered sentences were degraded by high and low levels of simulated packet loss, delay, and repetition. These sets, along with a clean set of sentences, were submitted to ASR, and the accuracy of the resulting output was evaluated using three metrics: a word recognition score, word error rate, and word information loss. Results: The resulting pattern of data indicated the relative impact of each degraded condition on message intelligibility. The high and low packet loss conditions had the largest effect on message intelligibility. This finding was interpreted to indicate that packet loss can have a substantial impact on the accuracy of telephone captions produced with ASR. Conclusions: The results of this investigation point to a potential area of improvement in service quality that could have a substantial impact on telecommunication services for consumers who are DHH. Further research in this area is needed to provide additional information concerning the scope and impact of packet loss on the accuracy of telephone captioning produced by ASR. Supplemental Materials S1–S4. Sample waveforms of one stimulus sentence in four conditions to illustrate the effects of the simulations for Wideband Filter (S1), High Dropout (S2), High Delay (S3), and High Repeat (S4). Supplemental Material S5. Audio files containing the stimulus material used in this investigation. Bochner, J., Indelicato, M., & Konnur, P. (2022). Effects of sound quality on the accuracy of telephone captions produced by automatic speech recognition: A preliminary investigation. American Journal of Audiology, 32(1), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_AJA-22-00102
title: Phytophthora on Abies spp. (true firs)
Creators: name: Talgø, Venche
name: Chastagner, Gary
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Quedlinburg
Year: 2013

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2013/77; 3-16
Biodiversity constraint indicator establishment and its optimization for urban growth: framework and application
Creators: name: Sun, Chuanzhun
name: Xu, Shan
name: Qi, Wei
name: Chen, Cheng
name: Deng, Yu
name: Pei, Nancai
name: König, Hannes J.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: urban growth simulation
subject: ecological constraint
subject: InVEST
subject: biodiversity loss
subject: biodiversity security
subject: urban sprawl
subject: Beijing
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Urbanization causes tremendous pressure on biodiversity and ecosystems at the global scale. China is among the countries undergoing the fastest urban expansion. For a long time, ecological environment protection has not been a priority in China’s urban planning process. Current urban growth optimization research has some limitations regarding the selection of more scientific ecological constraint indicators and the interaction between urban expansion and ecological factors. This paper at first aimed to establish a reasonable comprehensive biodiversity constraint indicator based on the indicators of net primary productivity, habitat connectivity and habitat quality, and then conducted a case study in Beijing and compared biodiversity loss and urban growth patterns under different developing situations. The integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs model and GIS-related methods were used to obtain biodiversity and ecological spatial distribution layers. Then an ecological priority-oriented urban growth simulation method was proposed to search for minimum biodiversity loss. The results showed that the important biodiversity security areas were mostly distributed in the western part of the study area and that the ecological degradation in 2000 had a radial pattern and was well in line with the urban construction and ring road distribution patterns. Meanwhile, biodiversity loss with the biodiversity constraint was much less than actual urban growth in 2000–2010. Under the guidance of ecological optimization, urban growth in the research results reflects decentralized and multi-center spatial development characteristics. This type of urban growth not only provides a new model for breaking the inertia of urban sprawl but also proposes ‘biodiversity security’ as an applicable regulatory tool for urban planning and space governance reforming.
Mid-rapidity D-meson production in pp, Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the recent results for D-meson production measured by the ALICE collaboration in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV, Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=2.76$ TeV and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on High-pT Physics at LHC, LPSC Grenoble, France, 24-28 September 2013
Triflimide Effect in Solvent Extraction of Rare-Earth Elements from Nitric Acid Solutions by TODGA
Creators: name: Turanov, Alexander N.
name: Karandashev, Vasilii K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Outer-sphere interactions play an important role in the liquid-liquid extraction and separation of metal ions and they could be used to tune the efficiency and selectivity of recovery. Here, we report the extraction behaviour and separation of trivalent rare-earth elements from aqueous nitric acid solutions with N,N,N’,N’-tetra-n-octyl diglycolamide (TODGA), which was preliminarily contacted with an aqueous solution of N-H acid bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide (triflimide, HTf2N; Tf = CF3SO2) resulting in an adduct TODGA⋅HTf2N. We examined in detail the extraction system composed of TODGA acidified with HTf2N and 1,2-dichloroethane as diluent. The effect of various experimental conditions such as the nature of diluent, aqueous nitric acid concentration, and TODGA⋅HTf2N concentration in the organic phase was studied. It has been found that the distribution coefficient values for metal ions are much greater, especially at low aqueous acidity in the extraction systems with the acidified organic solvent phase. Furthermore, the heavier lanthanides were effectively extracted and the intergroup lanthanide selectivity was greatly improved (separation factors for the Lu/La pair increased by 40 and 2 times for the two systems under study, respectively).
Relationship Between Extraction of Arsenic via Ion Solvation and Hansen Solubility Parameters of Extractants
Creators: name: Matsuo, Naoki
name: Ohe, Kaoru
name: Oshima, Tatsuya
name: Yoshizuka, Kazuharu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Extraction of As(III) from hydrochloric acid solution using various solvents on the basis of ion solvation has been reported, but a theoretical framework to describe the suitability of solvents for extraction has not been systematized. In this study, comprehensive extraction tests for As(III) using a variety of organic solvents were conducted to clarify the requirements for solvents to extract As(III). From the results of initial screening tests, various aromatics, ethers, and ketones were rated as candidates for the extraction of As(III) at high HCl concentrations, whereas aliphatic hydrocarbons were excluded. Many solvents showed high extraction capacity for As(III) to give organic fraction concentrations of 150 mM or higher. The logP value (P = partitioning coefficient between n-octanol and water) within a solvent class showed some correlation with extractability of As(III) but the correlation was invalid across solvent types. High correlation was shown between the Hansen solubility parameters of the solvents and As(III) extractability: Twenty of 22 solvents (90.9%) were appropriately classified as valid or invalid for the extraction of As(III) based on the Hansen sphere. 2-Nonanone was recommended as an ideal solvent for As(III) extraction because of its good balance between high extractability and its desirable physical properties for industrial operations. As(III) was quantitatively stripped from 2-nonanone into water with a concentration factor of 22.6.
Heavy neutrino searches at the LHC with displaced vertices
Creators: name: Helo, Juan
name: Hirsch, Martin
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos with masses in the range (1-100) GeV, have been searched for in a variety of experiments. Here, we discuss the prospects to search for sterile neutrinos at the LHC using displaced vertices. Two different cases are discussed: (i) the standard model extended with sterile neutrinos and (ii) right-handed neutrinos in a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model. A dedicated displaced vertex search will allow to probe parts of the parameter space not accessible to other searches, but will require large luminosity in both cases.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Kolmogorov problem on the class of multiply monotone functions
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 41A17, 47A30, 41A44

description: Necessary and sufficient conditions for positive numbers $M_{k_1}, M_{k_2}, M_{k_3}, M_{k_4}$, $0 = k_1 < k_2
description: 5 pages in English and 6 pages in Russian
Depolarization of synchrotron radiation in a multilayer magneto-ionic medium
Creators: name: Shneider, Carl
name: Haverkorn, Marijke
name: Fletcher, Andrew
name: Shukurov, Anvar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depolarization of diffuse radio synchrotron emission is classified in terms of wavelength-independent and wavelength-dependent depolarization in the context of regular magnetic fields and of both isotropic and anisotropic turbulent magnetic fields. Previous analytical formulas for depolarization due to differential Faraday rotation are extended to include internal Faraday dispersion concomitantly, for a multilayer synchrotron emitting and Faraday rotating magneto-ionic medium. In particular, depolarization equations for a two- and three-layer system (disk-halo, halo-disk-halo) are explicitly derived. To both serve as a `user's guide' to the theoretical machinery and as an approach for disentangling line-of-sight depolarization contributions in face-on galaxies, the analytical framework is applied to data from a small region in the face-on grand-design spiral galaxy M51. The effectiveness of the multiwavelength observations in constraining the pool of physical depolarization scenarios is illustrated for a two- and three-layer model along with a Faraday screen system for an observationally motivated magnetic field configuration.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Training healthcare professionals in assessment of health needs in older adults living at home: a scoping review
Creators: name: Larsen, Bente Hamre
name: Dyrstad, Dagrunn Nåden
name: Falkenberg, Helle K.
name: Dieckmann, Peter
name: Storm, Marianne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Status of double beta decay experiments using isotopes other than Xe-136
Creators: name: Pandola, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinoless double beta decay is a lepton-number violating process predicted by many extensions of the standard model. It is actively searched for in several candidate isotopes within many experimental projects. The status of the experimental initiatives which are looking for the neutrinoless double beta decay in isotopes other than Xe-136 is reviewed, with special emphasis given to the projects that passed the R&D phase. The results recently released by the experiment GERDA are also summarized and discussed. The GERDA data give no positive indication of neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge-76 and disfavor in a model-independent way the long-standing observation claim on the same isotope. The lower limit reported by GERDA for the half-life of neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge-76 is T1/2 > 2.1e25 yr (90% C.L.), or T1/2 > 3.0e25 yr, when combined with the results of other Ge-76 predecessor experiments.
description: Manuscript prepared for the proceedings of the TAUP2013 Conference (Asilomar, US), invited plenary talk. Submitted to Physics of the Dark Universe
Additional file 2 of Training healthcare professionals in assessment of health needs in older adults living at home: a scoping review
Creators: name: Larsen, Bente Hamre
name: Dyrstad, Dagrunn Nåden
name: Falkenberg, Helle K.
name: Dieckmann, Peter
name: Storm, Marianne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Variable-amplitude oscillatory shear response of amorphous materials
Creators: name: Perchikov, Nathan
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variable-amplitude oscillatory shear tests are emerging as powerful tools to investigate and quantify the nonlinear rheology of amorphous solids, complex fluids and biological materials. Quite a few recent experimental and atomistic simulation studies demonstrated that at low shear amplitudes, an amorphous solid settles into an amplitude- and initial conditions-dependent dissipative limit cycle, in which back-and-forth localized particle rearrangements periodically bring the system to the same state. At sufficiently large shear amplitudes, the amorphous system loses memory of the initial conditions, exhibits chaotic particle motions accompanied by diffusive behavior and settles into a stochastic steady-state. The two regimes are separated by a transition amplitude, possibly characterized by some critical-like features. Here we argue that these observations support some of the physical assumptions embodied in the nonequilibrium thermodynamic, internal-variables based, Shear-Transformation-Zone model of amorphous visco-plasticity; most notably that "flow defects" in amorphous solids are characterized by internal states between which they can make transitions, and that structural evolution is driven by dissipation associated with plastic deformation. We present a rather extensive theoretical analysis of the thermodynamic Shear-Transformation-Zone model for a variable-amplitude oscillatory shear protocol, highlighting its success in accounting for various experimental and simulational observations, as well as its limitations. Our results offer a continuum-level theoretical framework for interpreting the variable-amplitude oscillatory shear response of amorphous solids and may promote additional developments.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of Training healthcare professionals in assessment of health needs in older adults living at home: a scoping review
Creators: name: Larsen, Bente Hamre
name: Dyrstad, Dagrunn Nåden
name: Falkenberg, Helle K.
name: Dieckmann, Peter
name: Storm, Marianne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Eng Questionnaire
Creators: name: Sreedevi, Aswathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care
classificationCode: 420606
subject: Social determinants of health

description: The questionnaires administered in the household to identify persons smoking within the homes. The other questionnaire included for detailed history of tobacco use from the indoor smoker, spouse and child.
Meridional circulation of gas into gaps opened by giant planets in three-dimensional low-viscosity disks
Creators: name: Morbidelli, A.
name: Szulagyi, J.
name: Crida, A.
name: Lega, E.
name: Bitsch, B.
name: Tanigawa, T.
name: Kanagawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the gas circulation near a gap opened by a giant planet in a protoplanetary disk. We show with high resolution 3D simulations that the gas flows into the gap at high altitude over the mid-plane, at a rate dependent on viscosity. We explain this observation with a simple conceptual model. From this model we derive an estimate of the amount of gas flowing into a gap opened by a planet with Hill radius comparable to the scale-height of a layered disk (i. e. a disk with viscous upper layer and inviscid midplane). Our estimate agrees with modern MRI simulations(Gressel et al., 2013). We conclude that gap opening in a layered disk can not slow down significantly the runaway gas accretion of Saturn to Jupiter-mass planets.
description: in press as a Note in Icarus
Vector rectangular-shape laser based on reduced graphene oxide interacting with long fiber taper
Creators: name: Gao, Lei
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Zeng, Jing
name: Huang, Wei
name: Liu, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vector dual-wavelength rectangular-shape laser (RSL) based on a long fiber taper deposited with reduced graphene oxide is proposed, where the nonlinearity is enhanced due to large evanescent-field-interacting length and strong field confinement of a 8 mm fiber taper with a waist diameter of 4 micronmeters. Graphene flakes are deposited uniformly on the taper waist with light pressure effect, so this structure guarantees both excellent saturable absorption and high nonlinearity. The RSL with a repetition rate of 7.9 MHz exhibits fast polarization switching in two orthogonal polarization directions, and the temporal and spectral characteristics are investigated. The results suggest that the long taper-based graphene structure is an efficient choice for nonlinear devices.
A survey of recent adenoviral respiratory pathogens in Hong Kong reveals emergent and recombinant human Adenovirus Type 4 (HAdV-E4) circulating in civilian populations
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Kang, June
name: Dehghan, Shoaleh
name: Sridhar, Siddharth
name: Lau, Susanna K.
name: Ou, Junxian
name: Woo, Patrick C.
name: Zhang, Qiwei
name: Seto, Donald
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-E4), which is intriguingly limited to military populations, causes acute respiratory disease with demonstrated morbidity and mortality implications. This respiratory pathogen contains genome identity with chimpanzee adenoviruses, indicating zoonotic origins. A signature of these “old” HAdV-E4 is the absence of a critical replication motif, NF-I, which is found in all HAdV respiratory pathogens and most HAdVs. However, our recent survey of flu-like disease in children in Hong Kong reveals that the emergent HAdV-E4 pathogens circulating in civilian populations contain NF-I, indicating recombination and reflecting host-adaptation that enables the “new” HAdV-E4 to replicate more efficiently in human cells and foretells more potential HAdV-E4 outbreaks in immune-naïve civilian populations. Special attention should be paid by clinicians to this emergent and recombinant HAdV-E4 circulating in civilian populations.
Design and First Tests of a Radiation-Hard Pixel Sensor for the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Creators: name: Schwandt, Joern
name: Fretwurst, Eckhart
name: Klanner, Robert
name: Kopsalis, Ioannis
name: Zhang, Jiaguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high intensity and high repetition rate of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, presently under construction in Hamburg, requires silicon sensors which can stand X-ray doses of up to 1 GGy for 3 years of operation at high bias voltage. Within the AGIPD Collaboration the X-ray-radiation damage in MOS Capacitors and Gate-Controlled Diodes fabricated by four vendors on high-ohmic n-type silicon with two crystal orientations and dif- ferent technological parameters, has been studied for doses between 1 kGy and 1 GGy. The extracted values of oxide-charge and surface-current densi- ties have been used in TCAD simulations, and the layout and technological parameters of the AGIPD pixel sensor optimized. It is found that the op- timized layout for high X-ray doses is significantly different from the one for non-irradiated sensors. First sensors and test structures have been de-livered in early 2013. Measurement results for X-ray doses of 0 to 10 MGy and their comparison to simulations are presented. They demonstrate that the optimization has been successful and that the sensors fulfill the required specifications.
Kinematic description of crystal plasticity in the finite kinematic framework: a micromechanical understanding of F=FeFp
Creators: name: Reina, Celia
name: Conti, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The plastic component of the deformation gradient plays a central role in finite kinematic models of plasticity. However, its characterization has been the source of extended debates in the literature and many important issues still remain unresolved. Some examples are the micromechanical understanding of F=FeFp with multiple active slip systems, the uniqueness of the decomposition, or the characterization of the plastic deformation without reference to the so-called intermediate configuration. In this paper, we shed some light to these issues via a two-dimensional kinematic analysis of the plastic deformation induced by discrete slip surfaces and the corresponding dislocation structures. In particular, we supply definitions for the elastic and plastic components of the deformation gradient as a function of the active slip systems without any a priori assumption on the decomposition of the total deformation gradient. These definitions are explicitly and uniquely given from the microstructure and do not make use of any unrealizable intermediate configuration. These quantities are then passed to the continuous limit via homogenization, i.e., by increasing the number of slip surfaces to infinity and reducing the lattice parameter to zero. This continuum limit is computed for several illustrative examples, where the well-known multiplicative decomposition of the total deformation gradient is recovered. Additionally, by similar arguments, an expression of the dislocation density tensor is obtained as the limit of discrete dislocation densities.
Enhancement of Chiral Symmetry Breaking from the Pion condensation at finite isospin chemical potential in a holographic QCD model
Creators: name: Nishihara, Hiroki
name: Harada, Masayasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pion condensation at finite isospin chemical potential using a holographic QCD model. By solving the equations of motion for the pion fields together with those for the iso-singlet scalar and iso-triplet vector meson fields, we show that the phase transition from the normal phase to the pion condensation phase is second order with the mean field exponent, and that the critical value of the isospin chemical potential $μ_I$ is equal to the pion mass, consistently with the result obtained by the chiral effective Lagrangian at $O(p^2)$. For higher chemical potential, we find a deviation, which can be understood as a higher order effect in the chiral effective Lagrangian. We investigate the $μ_I$-dependence of the chiral condensate defined by $\tildeσ \equiv \sqrt{ \langle σ\rangle^2 + \langle π^a \rangle^2 }$. We find that $\tildeσ$ is almost constant in the small $μ_I$ region, while it grows with $μ_I$ in the large $μ_I$ region. This implies that the strength of the chiral symmetry breaking is not changed for small $μ_I$: The isospin chemical potential plays a role to rotate the "vacuum angle" of the chiral circle $\tan^{-1} \sqrt{ \langle π^a \rangle^2 / \langle σ\rangle^2 } $ with keeping the "radius" $\tildeσ$ unchanged for small $μ_I$. For large $μ_I$ region, on the other hand, the chiral symmetry breaking is enhanced by the existence of $μ_I$.
Additional file 1 of A female advantage in asylum application decisions? A gendered analysis of decisions on asylum applications in Italy from 2008 to 2022
Creators: name: Ortensi, Livia Elisa
name: Piccitto, Giorgio
name: Morlotti, Sara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Influence of Rigidity and Knot Complexity on the Knotting of Confined Polymers
Creators: name: Poier, Peter
name: Likos, Christos N.
name: Matthews, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ computer simulations and thermodynamic integration to analyse the effects of bending rigidity and slit confinement on the free energy cost of tying knots, $ΔF_{\rm knotting}$, on polymer chains under tension. A tension-dependent, non-zero optimal stiffness $κ_{\rm min}$ exists, for which $ΔF_{\rm knotting}$ is minimal. For a polymer chain with several stiffness domains, each containing a large amount of monomers, the domain with stiffness $κ_{\rm min}$ will be preferred by the knot. A {\it local} analysis of the bending in the interior of the knot reveals that local stretching of chains at the braid region is responsible for the fact that the tension-dependent optimal stiffness has a non-zero value. The reduction in $ΔF_{\rm knotting}$ for a chain with optimal stiffness relative to the flexible chain can be enhanced by tuning the slit width of the 2D confinement and increasing the knot complexity. The optimal stiffness itself is independent of the knot types we considered, while confinement shifts it towards lower values.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
On the incorporation of cubic and hexagonal interfacial energy anisotropy in phase field models using higher order tensor terms
Creators: name: Nani, E. S.
name: Gururajan, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show how to incorporate cubic and hexagonal anisotropies in interfacial energies in phase field models; this incorporation is achieved by including upto sixth rank tensor terms in the free energy expansion, assuming that the free energy is only a function of coarse grained composition, its gradient, curvature and aberration. We derive the number of non-zero and independent components of these tensors. Further, by demanding that the resultant interfacial energy is positive definite for inclusion of each of the tensor terms individually, we identify the constraints imposed on the independent components of these tensors. The existing results in the invariant group theory literature can be used to simplify the process of construction of some (but not all) of the higher order tensors. Finally, we derive the relevant phase field evolution equations.
description: About 14 pages; 2 figures, to be submitted for review
On the thermalization of quarkonia at the LHC
Creators: name: Gupta, Sourendu
name: Sharma, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the relative yields of $Υ$ states observed at the LHC can be understood as bottomonium states coming to early thermal equilibrium and then freezing out. The bottomonium freezeout temperature is approximately 250 MeV. We examine its systematics as a function of centrality. We remark on the interesting differences seen by the CMS and ALICE experiments in the charmonium sector.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures