cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On negative mass
Creators: name: Belletête, Jonathan
name: Paranjape, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schwarzschild solution to the matter free, spherically symmetric Einstein equations has one free parameter, the mass. But the mass can be of any sign. What is the meaning of the negative mass solutions? The answer to this question for the case of a pure Schwarzschild negative mass black solution is still elusive, however, in this essay, we will consider negative mass solutions within a Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry. We show that there exist reasonable configurations of matter, bubbles of distributions of matter, that satisfy the dominant energy condition everywhere, that are non-singular and well behaved everywhere, but correspond to the negative mass Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry outside the matter distribution. These negative mass bubbles could occur as the end state of a quantum tunnelling transition.
description: 7 pages, no figures, submitted to the Gravity Research Foundation 2013 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Dynamics and Accretion of Planetesimals
Creators: name: Kokubo, Eiichiro
name: Ida, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the basic dynamics and accretion of planetesimals by showing N-body simulations. The orbits of planetesimals evolve through two-body gravitational relaxation: viscous stirring increases the random velocity and dynamical friction realizes the equiparation of the random energy. In the early stage of planetesimal accretion the growth mode of planetesimals is runaway growth where larger planetesimals grow faster than smaller ones. When a protoplanet (runaway-growing planetesimal) exceeds a critical mass the growth mode shifts to oligarchic growth where similar-sized protoplanets grow keeping a certain orbital separation. The final stage of terrestrial planet formation is collision among protoplanets known as giant impacts. We also summarize the dynamical effects of disk gas on planets and the core accretion model for formation of gas giants and discuss the diversity of planetary systems.
Calibration and High Fidelity Measurement of a Quantum Photonic Chip
Creators: name: Li, H. W.
name: Wabnig, J.
name: Bitauld, D.
name: Shadbolt, P.
name: Politi, A.
name: Laing, A.
name: O'Brien, J. L.
name: Niskanen, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated quantum photonic circuits are becoming increasingly complex. Accurate calibration of device parameters and detailed characterization of the prepared quantum states are critically important for future progress. Here we report on an effective experimental calibration method based on Bayesian updating and Markov chain Monte Carlo integration. We use this calibration technique to characterize a two qubit chip and extract the reflectivities of its directional couplers. An average quantum state tomography fidelity of 93.79+/-1.05% against the four Bell states is achieved. Furthermore, comparing the measured density matrices against a model using the non-ideal device parameters derived from the calibration we achieve an average fidelity of 97.57+/-0.96%. This pinpoints non-ideality of chip parameters as a major factor in the decrease of Bell state fidelity. We also perform quantum state tomography for Bell states while continuously varying photon distinguishability and find excellent agreement with theory.
Shell-model study of single-neutron strength fragmentation in 137Xe
Creators: name: Coraggio, L.
name: Covello, A.
name: Gargano, A.
name: Itaco, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed shell-model calculations for the nucleus $^{137}$Xe, which was recently studied experimentally using the $^{136}$Xe($d,p$) reaction in inverse kinematics. The main aim of our study has been to investigate the single-neutron properties of the observed states, focusing attention on the spectroscopic factors. We have employed a realistic low-momentum two-body effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential that has already proved quite successful in describing the spectroscopic properties of nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn region. Comparison shows that our calculations reproduce very well the experimental excitation energies and yield spectroscopic factors that come close to those extracted from the data.
description: 7 pages, 1 table, submitted to Physical Review C
title: The Consolidation and Stabilization of the Buddha niches and the cliff in Bamiyan (2003/04; 2006)
Creators: name: Margottini, Claudio
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: The historical site of Bamiyan is affected by geomorphological deformation processes which were worsened by the blowingup of the Buddhas in March 2001, when the statues, dating back to the 6th century AD, were destroyed. Not only was invaluable cultural heritage irremediably lost, but also the consequences of the explosions as well as the collapse of the giant statues added greatly to the geological instability of the area. Traces of rocks recently slid and fallen are relevant proofs of the deterioration of its stability conditions and most parts appear prone to collapse in the near future.
Under the coordination of UNESCO, a global project to assess the feasibility conditions for the site’s restoration was developed; field data were collected and a mechanism for the potential cliff and niches’ evolution was provided. In the meantime some consolidation works were carried out in the most critical rock fall-prone areas to avoid any further collapse in the coming winter season, but also to enable archaeologists the safe cataloguing and recovering of the Buddha statues’ remains, still lying on the floor of the niches. The emergency activities started in October 2003 and included: the installation of a monitoring system, the realization of temporary supports for the unstable blocks, the stabilization of the upper-eastern and upper-western part of the Eastern Buddha niche, the minimization of the environmental impact of the actions taken. Consolidation works were mainly implemented by professional climbers, directly operating on the cliff.
Soft Modes and Local Structural Transitions in Pb-free Ba(Ti0.8Zr0.2)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (x = 0.5): Pressure- and Temperature-dependent Raman Studies
Creators: name: Seo, Yu-Seong
name: Ahn, Jai Seok
name: Jeong, Il-Kyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our Raman studies of a new lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics, Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCTZO). The Raman modes of BCTZO are compared with those of BaTi0.8Zr0.2O3 (BTZO), and BaTiO3 (BTO). Also, they are compared with the eigenmodes of BTO calculated by using an ab-initio quantum-mechanical frozen-phonon method. The sharp mode at 321 cm-1 of BTO, reported as a coupled mode showing an interference effect, becomes progressively broader in BTZO and BCTZO. This behavior, together with a broadening of the 527-cm-1 mode, suggests that the mode-coupling is weakened in BTZO and BCTZO. The structural transitions of BCTZO were investigated as functions of pressure at pressures below 20 GPa and of temperature at temperatures below 600 K. Three characteristic pressure-induced transitions, on each at 2.5, 5.0, and 13.0 GPa, were found. The transitions are suggested by the drastic changes in phonon modes (two softening modes, one each at ~ 300 and ~ 530 cm-1) and by the transformation of the intensity profile. A temperature-induced transition was found at a Curie temperature of ~ 380 K, where the average structure changes from tetragonal to cubic. It is accompanied by a softening mode at ~ 530 cm-1. The phonon spectrum of BCTZO suggests that its local environment is close to that of BTZO. However, the characteristic pressures of BCTZO are close to those of BTO. The sequence of pressure-induced transitions in both BCTZO and BTZO illustrate rich interplay between the long-range averaged structure and the short-range local order such that four distinguishable phases are suggested: tetragonal, locally ordered but compensated cubic, disordered cubic, and ideal cubic. We found that the critical pressures are plausibly related to the average crystal lattice.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of FORWARDS-1: an adaptive, single-blind, placebo-controlled ascending dose study of acute baclofen on safety parameters in opioid dependence during methadone-maintenance treatment—a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study
Creators: name: Paterson, L. M.
name: Barker, D.
name: Cro, S.
name: Mozgunov, P.
name: Phillips, R.
name: Smith, C.
name: Nahar, L.
name: Paterson, S.
name: Lingford-Hughes, A. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Statistical analysis plan.
Multiscale Fractal Descriptors Applied to Texture Classification
Creators: name: Florindo, João Batista
name: Bruno, Odemir Martinez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes the combination of multiscale transform with fractal descriptors employed in the classification of gray-level texture images. We apply the space-scale transform (derivative + Gaussian filter) over the Bouligand-Minkowski fractal descriptors, followed by a threshold over the filter response, aiming at attenuating noise effects caused by the final part of this response. The method is tested in the classification of a well-known data set (Brodatz) and compared with other classical texture descriptor techniques. The results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach, achieving a higher success rate with a reduced amount of descriptors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Die Rolle der Kooperation in zwei Modelltypen der Ausbildung von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern
Creators: name: Winkler, Anja Verena
name: Grüning, Miriam
Publisher: name: Springer VS
Year: 2018

description: Eine erfolgreiche LehrerInnenbildung erfordert Kooperationen auf verschiedenen Ebenen: zwischen Beteiligten, zwischen Institutionen, zwischen Systemen. In unserem Beitrag gehen wir der Frage nach, welcher Stellenwert der Kooperation in zwei sehr unterschiedlichen Modellen der LehrerInnenbildung, nämlich der einphasigen Ausbildung an der PH Bern (Schweiz) und der zweiphasigen Ausbildung an der Universität Bamberg (Deutschland) beigemessen wird. Anhand einer Dokumentenanalyse von öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten der beiden Ausbildungsstandorten, wurden verschiedene Formen von Kooperation identifiziert und dem Modell nach Gräsel et. al. (2006) (Austausch, Arbeitsteilung, Kokonstruktion) zugeordnet sowie verschiedene Kooperationskonstellationen differenziert. Es zeigte sich, dass in den beiden Modelltypen divergente Formen von Kooperation, aber mehrheitlich die gleichen Kooperationskonstellationen schriftlich verankert sind. Hinweise auf Arbeitsteilung sind im Gegensatz zu den Formen Austausch und Kokonstruktion seltener in den Dokumenten zu finden.
Two Populations of Open Star Clusters in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Gozha, M. L.
name: Koval', V. V.
name: Marsakov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on our compiled catalogue of fundamental astrophysical parameters for 593 open clusters, we analyze the relations between the chemical composition, spatial positions, Galactic orbital elements, age, and other physical parameters of open star clusters. We show that the population of open clusters is heterogeneous and is divided into two groups differing by their mean parameters, properties, and origin. One group includes the Galactic clusters formed mainly from the interstellar matter of the thin disk with nearly solar metallicities ([Fe/H] > -0.2) and having almost circular orbits a short distance away from the Galactic plane, i.e., typical of the field stars of the Galactic thin disk. The second group includes the peculiar clusters formed through the interaction of extragalactic objects (such as high--velocity clouds, globular clusters, or dwarf galaxies) with the interstellar matter of the thin disk, which, as a result, derived abnormally low (for field thin-disk stars) metallicities and/or Galactic orbits typical of objects of the older Galactic subsystems.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Normal and superconducting properties of LiFeAs explained in the framework of four-band Eliashberg Theory
Creators: name: Ummarino, G. A.
name: Galasso, Sara
name: Daghero, D.
name: Tortello, M.
name: Gonnelli, R. S.
name: Sanna, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a model to reproduce superconductive and normal properties of the iron pnictide LiFeAs in the framework of the four-band spm wave Eliashberg theory. A confirmation of the multiband nature of the system rises from the experimental measurements of the superconductive gaps and resistivity as function of temperature. We found that the most plausible mechanism is the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation and the estimated values of the total antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation coupling constant in the superconductive and normal state are lambda{tot}=2.00 and lambda{tot,tr}=0.77.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of FORWARDS-1: an adaptive, single-blind, placebo-controlled ascending dose study of acute baclofen on safety parameters in opioid dependence during methadone-maintenance treatment—a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study
Creators: name: Paterson, L. M.
name: Barker, D.
name: Cro, S.
name: Mozgunov, P.
name: Phillips, R.
name: Smith, C.
name: Nahar, L.
name: Paterson, S.
name: Lingford-Hughes, A. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Exploratory objectives, hypotheses, outcomes and planned analyses.
Joachim C. Häberlen, Vertrauen und Politik im Alltag. Die Arbeiterbewegung in Leipzig und Lyon im Moment der Krise 1929–1933/38. (Kritische Studien zur Geschichtswissenschaft, Bd. 210.) Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2013
Creators: name: Schmidt, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 943 Deutschland und benachbarte mitteleuropäische Länder

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
title: ПООЩРЕНИЕ ПРОКУРОРСКИХ РАБОТНИКОВ
Creators: name: Глухова, Ульяна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В статье рассматриваются роли системы мер поощрения прокурорских работников в повышении эффективности деятельности прокуратуры и делается вывод об их значении. Изучаются уже имеющиеся в юридической литературе понятия поощрения, их виды, необходимость развития и совершенствования существующей системы мер поощрения как стимула повышать результативность работы. Работа строится на исследовании, какие именно бывают меры поощрения, сравнении их результативности, влияния на деятельность прокурорских работников. Анализируется необходимость выделения такого термина как «подарок» в отдельную меру поощрения путем сравнения Федеральных Законов. Также статья содержит предложение о некотором расширении статьи 41.6 ФЗ «О прокуратуре РФ» в пункте о применении поощрения к лицам, не являющимся работниками прокуратуры.
Cecilia Muratori / Burkhard Dohm (Eds.), Ethical Perspectives on Animals in the Renaissance and Early Modern Period. (Micrologus’ Library, 55.) Firenze, SISMEL – Edizioni del Galluzzo 2013
Creators: name: Perler, Dominik
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Chemical evolution of Local Group dwarf galaxies in a cosmological context -- I. A new modelling approach and its application to the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Romano, Donatella
name: Starkenburg, Else
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach for chemical evolution modelling, specifically designed to investigate the chemical properties of dwarf galaxies in a full cosmological framework. In particular, we focus on the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy as a test bed for our model. We select four candidate Sculptor-like galaxies from the satellite galaxy catalogue generated by implementation of a version of the Munich semi-analytic model for galaxy formation on the level 2 Aquarius dark matter simulations. We follow explicitly the evolution of several chemical elements, both in the cold gas out of which the stars form and in the hot medium residing in the halo. We take into account in detail the lifetimes of stars of different initial masses, the distribution of the delay times for type Ia supernova explosions and the dependency of the stellar yields from the initial metallicity of the stars. We allow large fractions of metals to be deposited into the hot phase, either directly as stars die or through reheated gas flows powered by supernova explosions. In order to reproduce both the observed metallicity distribution function and the observed abundance ratios of long-lived stars of Sculptor, large fractions of the reheated metals must never re-enter regions of active star formation. Our analysis sets further constraints on the semi-analytical models and, at large, on possible metal enrichment scenarios for the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Perceptions of dental health professionals (DHPs) on job satisfaction in Fiji: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Kumar, Samantha
name: Mohammadnezhad, Masoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Circumstellar disks can erase the effects of stellar fly-bys on planetary systems
Creators: name: Marzari, Francesco
name: Picogna, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars form in embedded clusters. Stellar flybys may affect the orbital architecture of the systems by exciting the eccentricity and causing dynamical instability. Since, incidentally, the timescale over which a cluster loses its gaseous component and begins to disperse is comparable to the circumstellar disk lifetime, we expect that closer, and more perturbing, stellar flybys occur when the planets are still embedded in their birth disk. We investigate the effects of the disk on the dynamics of planets after the stellar encounter to test whether it can damp the eccentricity and return the planetary system to a non-excited state. We use the hydrodynamical code FARGO to study the disk+planet(s) system during and after the stellar encounter in the context of evolved disk models whose superficial density is 10 times lower than that of the Minimum Mass Solar Nebula. The numerical simulations show that the planet eccentricity, excited during a close stellar flyby, is damped on a short timescale (~ 10 Kyr) in spite of the disk low initial density and subsequent tidal truncation. This damping is effective also for a system of 3 giant planets and the effects of the dynamical instability induced by the passing star are quickly absorbed. If the circumstellar disk is still present around the star during a stellar flyby, a planet (or a planetary system) is returned to a non-excited state on a short timescale. This does not mean that stellar encounters do not affect the evolution of planets, but they do it in a subtle way with a short period of agitated dynamical evolution. At the end of it, the system resumes a quiet evolution and the planetary orbits are circularized by the interaction with the disk.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
title: ОСОБЕННОСТИ НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ СУДЕБНОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ В УГОЛОВНОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Creators: name: Ионова, Софья
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В статье рассмотрены общие положения использования специальных знаний в уголовном судопроизводстве. Обозначено процессуальное положение эксперта и специалиста на стадии судебного разбирательства. Автором проанализирована правовая регламентация использования экспертиз на примере зарубежных стран. Изучены виды судебных экспертиз, наиболее часто используемых в современном российском уголовном законодательстве. В статье выявлена проблематика в реализации принципа состязательности и принципа разумного срока при назначении и производстве судебной экспертизы. Практическая и теоретическая значимость работы обусловлена применением предложений для совершенствования уголовного закона.
title: Zur Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns von 8,50 € in Deutschland
Creators: name: Bosch, Gerhard
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Stellungnahme zum Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Stärkung der Tarifautonomie
(Tarifautonomiestärkungsgesetz)
Deutscher Bundestag Drucksache 18/1558
18. Wahlperiode 28.05.2014, Anhörung im Bundestag am 30. Juni 2014

Kurz gefasst

Die Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns in Deutschland bedeutet angesichts der starken Erosion des deutschen Lohnsystems eine der größten Sozialreformen der Nachkriegszeit. Im unteren Bereich werden die Löhne zum Teil prozentual stark steigen müssen, da die Geringverdiener/innen in Deutschland jahrelang von den üblichen Lohnsteigerungen abgekoppelt waren.
    Entgegen den von vielen hiesigen Ökonomen prophezeiten apokalyptischen Szenarien mit hohen Arbeitsplatzverlusten kommen neuere Studien vor allem aus den USA und Großbritannien zu dem Ergebnis, dass sich keine signifikanten Beschäftigungswirkungen von Mindestlöhnen beobachten lassen.
Der in Deutschland vorgesehene gesetzliche Mindestlohn von 8,50 € pro Stunde ist im europäischen Vergleich sowohl absolut als auch relativ moderat.
Länder mit einer hohen Innovationsdynamik verkraften höhere Mindestlöhne. Laut EU-Innovationsindikator zählt Deutschland zur Spitzengruppe der Innovationsführer in Europa.
    Im Unterschied zu den USA sind die Geringverdiener/innen in Deutschland gut qualifiziert. Drei Viertel von ihnen haben eine berufliche Ausbildung und werden unterhalb ihrer Produktivität bezahlt.
Vorgesehen ist eine lange Übergangsfrist, die deutschen Unternehmen mehr als ein Jahr Zeit gibt um sich auf die neue Lohnuntergrenze einzustellen. Die Erfahrungen im In- und Ausland zeigen, dass ein Mindestlohn bei den Unternehmen akzeptiert wird, wenn sie sicher sein können, dass er auch von den Konkurrenten bezahlt wird. Daher sind wirkungsvolle Kontrollen der Einhaltung und abschreckende Strafen bei Nichteinhaltung des Mindestlohns notwendig.
Velocity relaxation of a particle in a confined compressible fluid
Creators: name: Tatsumi, Rei
name: Yamamoto, Ryoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The velocity relaxation of an impulsively forced spherical particle in a fluid confined by two parallel plane walls is studied using a direct numerical simulation approach. During the relaxation process, the momentum of the particle is transmitted in the ambient fluid by viscous diffusion and sound wave propagation, and the fluid flow accompanied by each mechanism has a different character and affects the particle motion differently. Because of the bounding walls, viscous diffusion is hampered, and the accompanying shear flow is gradually diminished. However, the sound wave is repeatedly reflected and spreads diffusely. As a result, the particle motion is governed by the sound wave and backtracks differently in a bulk fluid. The time when the backtracking of the particle occurs changes non-monotonically with respect to the compressibility factor and is minimized at the characteristic compressibility factor. This factor depends on the wall spacing, and the dependence is different at small and large wall spacing regions based on the different mechanisms causing the backtracking.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
A family of cometary globules at the periphery of Cyg OB1: the star HBHA 3703-01 and the reflection nebula GM 2-39
Creators: name: Arkhipova, V. P.
name: Egorov, O. V.
name: Esipov, V. F.
name: Ikonnikova, N. P.
name: Lozinskaya, T. A.
name: Rudnitskij, G. M.
name: Sitnik, T. G.
name: Tatarnikov, A. M.
name: Tsvetkov, D. Yu.
name: Zharova, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar medium in the region of a family of cometary globules including the reflection nebula GM 2-39 has been analyzed basing on our observations with the slit spectrograph, the results of our previous observations with a Fabry-Perot interferometer in the H-alpha line, Spitzer archival data together with CO microwave data. The structure of globules' IR emission, velocity field of ionized gas in the H-alpha line and of molecular gas in the CO line have been considered. We have detected a CO cavern around the eastern globules and faint high-velocity H-alpha features of surrounding gas. The most probable sources of ionizing radiation and wind of the Cyg OB1 association responsible for the globules' formation are proposed. Based on our multicolour photometry, it has been found that the brightest compact source in the southern 'head' of the cometary globule - the star HBHA 3703-01 (IRAS 20153+3850) - is a B(5-6)V star with E(B-V)=1.18 mag. The strong and broad H-alpha emission line was revealed in its spectrum. The spectral energy distribution of HBHA 3703-01 in the 0.44-24 micron range has been modeled. It is shown that the star has a hot dust envelope with T(dust)=1400 K and tau(V)=1.1. Besides, the star HBHA 3703-01 illuminates the encompassing diffuse nebula GM 2-39 with a diameter of about 30 arcsec. With regard to all obtained observational data for HBHA 3703-01, this object may be classified as the Herbig Ae/Be star.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 12 pages, 8 figures (Fig 1 and 6 are color), 3 tables
Hiding Image in Image by Five Modulus Method for Image Steganography
Creators: name: Jassim, Firas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is to create a practical steganographic implementation to hide color image (stego) inside another color image (cover). The proposed technique uses Five Modulus Method to convert the whole pixels within both the cover and the stego images into multiples of five. Since each pixels inside the stego image is divisible by five then the whole stego image could be divided by five to get new range of pixels 0..51. Basically, the reminder of each number that is not divisible by five is either 1,2,3 or 4 when divided by 5. Subsequently, then a 4-by-4 window size has been implemented to accommodate the proposed technique. For each 4-by-4 window inside the cover image, a number from 1 to 4 could be embedded secretly from the stego image. The previous discussion must be applied separately for each of the R, G, and B arrays. Moreover, a stego-key could be combined with the proposed algorithm to make it difficult for any adversary to extract the secret image from the cover image. Based on the PSNR value, the extracted stego image has high PSNR value. Hence this new steganography algorithm is very efficient to hide color images.
description: 5 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures
Determination of the Local Symmetry and the Multiferroic-ferromagnetic Crossover in Ni3-xCoxV2O8 by using Raman Scattering Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Seo, Yu-Seong
name: Kim, Sun-Hwa
name: Ahn, Jai Seok
name: Jeong, Il-Kyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comprehensive vibrational studies on the multiferroic-to-normal-ferromagnetic crossover in isostructural Ni3-xCoxV2O8 (NCVO, x = 0 - 3.0) are performed using Raman scattering spectroscopy. The systematically red-shifted phonon modes are discussed in terms of the mode Grüneisen parameters, and are interpreted as a chemical pressure effect. In addition, we present evidence that the local symmetry is broken in the multiferroic phase.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
High-energy astroparticle physics with CALET
Creators: name: Maestro, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) will be installed on the Exposure Facility of the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EF) on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2014 where it will measure the cosmic-ray fluxes for five years. Its main scientific goals are to search for dark matter, investigate the mechanism of cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation in the Galaxy and discover possible astrophysical sources of high-energy electrons nearby the Earth. The instrument, under construction, consists of two layers of segmented plastic scintillators for the cosmic-ray charge identification (CHD), a 3 X$_0$-thick tungsten-scintillating fiber imaging calorimeter (IMC) and a 27 X$_0$-thick lead-tungstate calorimeter (TASC). The CHD can provide single-element separation in the interval of atomic number Z from 1 to 40, while IMC and TASC can measure the energy of cosmic-ray particles with excellent resolution in the range from few GeV up to several hundreds of TeV. Moreover, IMC and TASC provide the longitudinal and lateral development of the shower, a key issue for good electron/hadron discrimination. In this paper, we will review the status of the mission, the instrument configuration and its expected performance, and the CALET capability to measure the different components of the cosmic radiation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to the proceedings for the 23rd European Cosmic Ray Symposium 3-7 July 2012, Moscow, Russia
Solar Magnetic Carpet III: Coronal Modelling of Synthetic Magnetograms
Creators: name: Meyer, K. A.
name: Mackay, D. H.
name: van Ballegooijen, A. A.
name: Parnell, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the third in a series of papers working towards the construction of a realistic, evolving, non-linear force-free coronal field model for the solar magnetic carpet. Here, we present preliminary results of 3D time-dependent simulations of the small-scale coronal field of the magnetic carpet. Four simulations are considered, each with the same evolving photospheric boundary condition: a 48 hr time series of synthetic magnetograms produced from the model of Meyer, Mackay, van Ballegooijen and Parnell, 2011, Solar Phys., 272, 29. Three simulations include a uniform, overlying coronal magnetic field of differing strength, the fourth simulation includes no overlying field. The build-up, storage and dissipation of magnetic energy within the simulations is studied. In particular, we study their dependence upon the evolution of the photospheric magnetic field and the strength of the overlying coronal field. We also consider where energy is stored and dissipated within the coronal field. The free magnetic energy built up is found to be more than sufficient to power small-scale, transient phenomena such as nanoflares and X-ray bright points, with the bulk of the free energy found to be stored low down, between 0.5-0.8 Mm. The energy dissipated is presently found to be too small to account for the heating of the entire quiet Sun corona. However, the form and location of energy dissipation regions are in qualitative agreement with what is observed on small scales on the Sun. Future MHD modelling using the same synthetic magnetograms may lead to a higher energy release.
Additional file 2 of Perceptions of dental health professionals (DHPs) on job satisfaction in Fiji: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Kumar, Samantha
name: Mohammadnezhad, Masoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
Search for a heavy narrow resonance decaying to e mu, e tau, or mu tau with the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter presents the results of a search for a heavy particle decaying into an e mu, e tau, or mu tau final state in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The data were recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6/fb. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed, and exclusions at 95% confidence level are placed on the cross section times branching ratio for the production of an R-parity-violating supersymmetric tau sneutrino. These results considerably extend constraints from Tevatron experiments.
description: 11 pages plus author list (32 pages total), 3 figures, 1 table, submitted to Physics Letters B, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2012-20/
Automated classification of Hipparcos unsolved variables
Creators: name: Rimoldini, L.
name: Dubath, P.
name: Süveges, M.
name: López, M.
name: Sarro, L. M.
name: Blomme, J.
name: De Ridder, J.
name: Cuypers, J.
name: Guy, L.
name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Lecoeur-Taïbi, I.
name: Beck, M.
name: Jan, A.
name: Nienartowicz, K.
name: Ordóñez-Blanco, D.
name: Lebzelter, T.
name: Eyer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an automated classification of stars exhibiting periodic, non-periodic and irregular light variations. The Hipparcos catalogue of unsolved variables is employed to complement the training set of periodic variables of Dubath et al. with irregular and non-periodic representatives, leading to 3881 sources in total which describe 24 variability types. The attributes employed to characterize light-curve features are selected according to their relevance for classification. Classifier models are produced with random forests and a multistage methodology based on Bayesian networks, achieving overall misclassification rates under 12 per cent. Both classifiers are applied to predict variability types for 6051 Hipparcos variables associated with uncertain or missing types in the literature.
description: This article was published on the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427, 2917-2937 (2012) by Blackwell Publishing. The definitive version is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mnr or directly at the following link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21752.x/abstract
Additional file 1 of Personality pathology in adolescence: relationship quality with parents and peers as predictors of the level of personality functioning
Creators: name: Skabeikyte-Norkiene, Gabriele
name: Sharp, Carla
name: Kulesz, Paulina Anna
name: Barkauskiene, Rasa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Entanglement entropy and macroscopic quantum states with dipolar bosons in a triple-well potential
Creators: name: Dell'Anna, L.
name: Mazzarella, G.
name: Penna, V.
name: Salasnich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interacting dipolar atomic bosons in a triple-well potential within a ring geometry. This system is shown to be equivalent to a three-site Bose-Hubbard model. We analyze the ground state of dipolar bosons by varying the effective on-site interaction. This analysis is performed both numerically and analytically by using suitable coherent-state representations of the ground state. The latter exhibits a variety of forms ranging from the su(3) coherent state in the delocalization regime to a macroscopic cat-like state with fully localized populations, passing for a coexistence regime where the ground state displays a mixed character. We characterize the quantum correlations of the ground state from the bi-partition perspective. We calculate both numerically and analytically (within the previous coherent-state representation) the single-site entanglement entropy which, among various interesting properties, exhibits a maximum value in correspondence to the transition from the cat-like to the coexistence regime. In the latter case, we show that the ground-state mixed form corresponds, semiclassically, to an energy exhibiting two almost-degenerate minima.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
A simple and efficient numerical method for computing the dynamics of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates via a rotating Lagrangian coordinate
Creators: name: Bao, Weizhu
name: Marahrens, Daniel
name: Tang, Qinglin
name: Zhang, Yanzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q41, 65M70, 81Q05, 81V45, 82D50

description: We propose a simple, efficient and accurate numerical method for simulating the dynamics of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a rotational frame with/without a long-range dipole-dipole interaction. We begin with the three-dimensional (3D) Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with an angular momentum rotation term and/or long-range dipole-dipole interaction, state the two-dimensional (2D) GPE obtained from the 3D GPE via dimension reduction under anisotropic external potential and review some dynamical laws related to the 2D and 3D GPE. By introducing a rotating Lagrangian coordinate system, the original GPEs are re-formulated to GPEs without the angular momentum rotation which is replaced by a time-dependent potential in the new coordinate system. We then cast the conserved quantities and dynamical laws in the new rotating Lagrangian coordinates. Based on the new formulation of the GPE for rotating BECs in the rotating Lagrangian coordinates, a time-splitting spectral method is presented for computing the dynamics of rotating BECs. The new numerical method is explicit, simple to implement, unconditionally stable and very efficient in computation. It is spectral order accurate in space and second-order accurate in time, and conserves the mass in the discrete level. Extensive numerical results are reported to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new numerical method. Finally, the numerical method is applied to test the dynamical laws of rotating BECs such as the dynamics of condensate width, angular momentum expectation and center-of-mass, and to investigate numerically the dynamics and interaction of quantized vortex lattices in rotating BECs without/with the long-range dipole-dipole interaction.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Inelastic cross sections and continuum transitions illustrated by $^{8}$Be results
Creators: name: Garrido, E.
name: Jensen, A. S.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the two-alpha cluster model to describe the properties of $^{8}$Be. The $E2$-transitions in a two-body continuum can be described as bremsstrahlung in an inelastic scattering process. We compute cross sections as functions of initial energy for the possible $E2$-transitions from initial angular momenta $(0^+,2^+,4^+,6^+,8^+)$. The dependence on the exact shape of potentials is very small when the low-energy scattering phase-shifts are the same. We relate to practical observables where energies of the emerging alpha-particles are restricted in various ways. The unphysical infrared contribution is removed. We find pronounced peaking for photon energies matching resonance positions. Contributions from intra-band transitions are rather small although substantial (and even dominating) for initial energies between resonances. Structure information are derived but both ${\cal B}^{(E2)}$ values and electromagnetic transition rates are ambiguous in the continuum.
description: To be published in Physical Review C
A Comparison of Superposition Coding Schemes
Creators: name: Wang, Lele
name: Sasoglu, Eren
name: Bandemer, Bernd
name: Kim, Young-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are two variants of superposition coding schemes. Cover's original superposition coding scheme has code clouds of the identical shape, while Bergmans's superposition coding scheme has code clouds of independently generated shapes. These two schemes yield identical achievable rate regions in several scenarios, such as the capacity region for degraded broadcast channels. This paper shows that under the optimal maximum likelihood decoding, these two superposition coding schemes can result in different rate regions. In particular, it is shown that for the two-receiver broadcast channel, Cover's superposition coding scheme can achieve rates strictly larger than Bergmans's scheme.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, submitted to IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2013)
Single-site addressing of ultracold atoms beyond the diffraction limit via position dependent adiabatic passage
Creators: name: Viscor, Daniel
name: Rubio, Juan Luis
name: Birkl, Gerhard
name: Mompart, Jordi
name: Ahufinger, Verònica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a single-site addressing implementation based on the sub-wavelength localization via adiabatic passage (SLAP) technique. We consider a sample of ultracold neutral atoms loaded into a two-dimensional optical lattice with one atom per site. Each atom is modeled by a three-level Λ-system in interaction with a pump and a Stokes laser pulse. Using a pump field with a node in its spatial profile, the atoms at all sites are transferred from one ground state of the system to the other via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, except the one at the position of the node that remains in the initial ground state. This technique allows for the preparation, manipulation, and detection of atoms with a spatial resolution better than the diffraction limit, which either relaxes the requirements on the optical setup used or extends the achievable spatial resolution to lattice spacings smaller than accessible to date. In comparison to techniques based on coherent population trapping, SLAP gives a higher addressing resolution and has additional advantages such as robustness against parameter variations, coherence of the transfer process, and the absence of photon induced recoil. Additionally, the advantages of our proposal with respect to adiabatic spin-flip techniques are highlighted. Analytic expressions for the achievable addressing resolution and efficiency are derived and compared to numerical simulations for Rb-87 atoms in state-of-the-art optical lattices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Guide to semi-automatic data collection for political science, using search engines and python scripts
Creators: name: Veierud Busch, Aslak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Political geography
Political science not elsewhere classified
International relations

description: This document contains supplemental material to the article Picturing the Arctic: Digital imagery and the prospect of using search engines to collect data for interpretative political research, in Political Research Exchange. It gives a detailed account, in four steps, of a technique to gather visual data semi-automatically using a basic Python script and search engines
Nuclear Masses and Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Kreim, Susanne
name: Hempel, Matthias
name: Lunney, David
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision mass spectrometry of neutron-rich nuclei is of great relevance for astrophysics. Masses of exotic nuclides impose constraints on models for the nuclear interaction and thus affect the description of the equation of state of nuclear matter, which can be extended to describe neutron-star matter. With knowledge of the masses of nuclides near shell closures, one can also derive the neutron-star crustal composition. The Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at CERN-ISOLDE has recently achieved a breakthrough measuring the mass of 82Zn, which allowed constraining neutron-star crust composition to deeper layers (Wolf et al., PRL 110, 2013). We perform a more detailed study on the sequence of nuclei in the outer crust of neutron stars with input from different nuclear models to illustrate the sensitivity to masses and the robustness of neutron-star models. The dominant role of the N=50 and N=82 closed neutron shells for the crustal composition is confirmed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the anniversary issue of Int. J. Mass Spectrom. "100 Years of Mass Spectrometry"