cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computational Analysis of Composition-Structure-Property-Relationships in NZP-type Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Mutter, Daniel
name: Urban, Daniel F.
name: Elsässer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compounds crystallizing in the structure of NaZr$_2$(PO$_4$)$_3$ (NZP) are considered as promising materials for solid state electrolytes in Li-ion batteries. Using density functional theory (DFT), a systematic computational screening of 18 NZP compounds, namely LiX$_2$(LO$_4$)$_3$ with X = Ti, V, Fe, Zr, Nb, Ru, Hf, Ta, Os, and L = P, Mn is performed with respect to their activation energies for vacancy-mediated Li migration. It is shown how the different ionic radii of the cationic substitutions influence structural characteristics such as the octahedron volumes around Li ions on the initial and transition state sites, which affect the activation energies (''composition-structure-property'' relationships). The prevalent assumption that structural bottlenecks formed by triangularly arranged oxygen atoms at a certain location along the migration path determine the energy barriers for Li migration is not supported by the DFT results. Instead, the ionic neighborhood of the migrating ion in the initial and in the transition state needs to be taken into account to relate the structure to the activation energies. This conclusion applies to Na containing NZP compounds as well.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
The asymptotic behavior of the heavy quark form factors at higher order
Creators: name: Blümlein, J.
name: Marquard, P.
name: Rana, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the asymptotic limit $Q^2 \gg m^2$, the heavy quark form factors exhibit Sudakov behavior. We study the corresponding renormalization group equations of the heavy quark form factors which do not only govern the structure of infrared divergences, but also control the high energy logarithms. This enables us to obtain the complete logarithmic three--loop and partial four--loop contributions to the heavy quark form factors in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics.
description: 23 pages LATEX
Eocene maar sediments record warming of up to 3.5 °C during a hyperthermal event 47.2 million years ago
Creators: name: Schmitt, Clemens
name: Vasiliev, Iuliana
name: Meijer, Niels
name: Brugger, Julia
name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Bahr, André
name: Mulch, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Palaeoclimate
subject: Eocene maar sediments
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Eocene hyperthermal events reflect profound perturbations of the global carbon cycle. Most of our knowledge about their onset, timing, and rates originates from marine records. Hence, the pacing and magnitude of hyperthermal continental warming remains largely unaccounted for due to a lack of high-resolution climate records. Here we use terrestrial biomarkers and carbon isotopes retrieved from varved lake deposits of the UNESCO World Heritage site ‘Messel Fossil Pit’ (Germany) to quantify sub-millennial to millennial-scale temperature and carbon isotope changes across hyperthermal event C21n-H1 (47.2 million years ago). Our results show maximum warming of ca. 3.5 °C during C21n-H1. We propose that two components are responsible for the warming pattern across the hyperthermal: (1) the massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere-ocean system and (2) half-precession orbital forcing indicated by ~12.000-year temperature cycles. The carbon isotope record of bulk organic matter indicates a sharp, 7‰ decrease at the peak of the hyperthermal, corresponding to increased organic carbon content and a shift in the lake algal community. Collectively, our proxy data reveal the structure of continental temperature response during the hyperthermal event that is characterized by overall warming with a superimposed pattern of sub-orbital scale temperature fluctuations.
Ein Virtuelles Kupferstichkabinett der Zukunft
Creators: name: Maus, David
name: Rössel, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Präsentation zum gleichnamigen Vortrag auf der prometheus-Konferenz 2019 "Daten^7 – Digitales BilderLeben", 01./02.10.2019 Köln
Robertanniidae Bannikov 2011
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Robertanniidae

description: Family † Robertanniidae Bannikov 2011
 † Robertanniidae Bannikov 2011: 8 (family) † Robertannia Bannikov 2011
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Additional file 4: of The effect of mobile personalised texting versus non-personalised texting on the caries risk of underprivileged adults: a randomised control trial
Creators: name: Nishi, Makiko
name: Kelleher, Virginia
name: Cronin, Michael
name: Allen, Finbarr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Scoring each risk parameter of the Cariogram in the current study. (PDF 168 kb)
Heavy hybrids and tetraquarks in effective field theory
Creators: name: Castellà, Jaume Tarrús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an effective field theory (EFT) description of exotic quarkonia as bound states on the spectrum of hybrid and tetraquark static energies. We provide expressions for hybrid and tetraquark static energies in terms of Wilson loops. The former have been computed in quenched lattice calculations but the latter are yet unavailable. From the few simulations with dynamical light-quarks we argue that the overall picture from hybrid static energies does not change but additional states, such as heavy meson pairs, need to be considered for a full description. In this EFT framework for quarkonium hybrids, we report on recent results for mixing with standard quarkonium, spin-dependent contributions, and semi-inclusive decays.
description: Invited plenary talk at the 9th International Workshop on Charm Physics. 8 pages, 3 figures
Family-group names of fossil fishes
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Family †Trispinachidae Nazarkin 2002
 †Trispinachidae Nazarkin 2002: 419 (family) † Trispinax Nazarkin 2002
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Additional file 3: of The effect of mobile personalised texting versus non-personalised texting on the caries risk of underprivileged adults: a randomised control trial
Creators: name: Nishi, Makiko
name: Kelleher, Virginia
name: Cronin, Michael
name: Allen, Finbarr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Twelve examples of text messages on the four risk-sectors. (PDF 49 kb)
Effects of Hausa Tone on the Spoken English of Undergraduate Students and Postgraduate Students in Northern Nigeria
Creators: name: Abdullahi S.
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: This study examines the effects of Hausa tone on the spoken English of undergraduate students and postgraduate students in northern Nigeria. In multilingual Nigeria, Hausa is one of the three major languages. Like in other languages of the world, tone in English and Hausa concerns non-segmental sounds. The theoretical anchorage of this study is Classical Phonemics. The findings of this study are instructive: Hausa tone has negative effects on the spoken English of undergraduate students and postgraduate students in northern Nigeria; the effects range from the segmental phonemes to the suprasegmental phonemes; some vowels are interchanged or wrongly pronounced; short vowels are produced as long and some unstressed syllables are unduly stressed; there are instances of substitution of some consonants with others; English words are unduly stressed; there is a sharp contrast between the ideal tune and what students produce; there are instances of weak and strong forms other than schwa; and there is no productive relationship between tone and stress in the students’ spoken English.
Internal Avalanches in a Granular Medium
Creators: name: Manna, S. S.
name: Khakhar, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Avalanches of grain displacements can be generated by creating local voids within the interior of a granular material at rest in a bin. Modeling such a two-dimensional granular system by a collection of mono-disperse discs, the system on repeated perturbations, shows all signatures of Self-Organized Criticality. During the propagation of avalanches the competition among grains creates arches and in the critical state a distribution of arches of different sizes is obtained. Using a cellular automata model we demonstrate that the existence of arches determines the universal behaviour of the model system.
description: 4 pages (Revtex), Four ps figures (included)
Correlated crustal and mantle melting documents proto-Tibetan Plateau growth
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: He, Rizheng
name: Yuan, Xiaohui
name: Schneider, Felix
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Guo, Zhen
name: Chen, Yongshun John
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: S-wave velocity
subject: ambient noise tomography
subject: partial melting
subject: Tibetan Plateau
subject: Hoh-Xil Basin
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The mechanism that causes the rapid uplift and active magmatism of the Hoh-Xil Basin in the northern Tibetan Plateau and hence the outward growth of the proto-plateau is highly debated, more specifically, over the relationship between deep dynamics and surface uplift. Until recently the Hoh-Xil Basin remained uncovered by seismic networks due to inaccessibility. Here, based on linear seismic arrays across the Hoh-Xil Basin, we present a three-dimensional S-wave velocity (VS) model of the crust and uppermost mantle structure beneath the Tibetan Plateau from ambient noise tomography. This model exhibits a widespread partially molten crust in the northern Tibetan Plateau but only isolated pockets in the south manifested as low-VS anomalies in the middle crust. The spatial correlation of the widespread low-VS anomalies with strong uppermost mantle low-VS anomalies and young exposed magmatic rocks in the Hoh-Xil Basin suggests that the plateau grew through lithospheric mantle removal and its driven magmatism.
Miguashaiidae Forey 1998
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Sarcopterygii
Coelacanthiformes
Miguashaiidae

description: Family † Miguashaiidae Forey 1998
 † Miguashaiidae Schultze 1993: 660 (family) † Miguashaia Schultze 1973 [name only, published after 1960, not available, Art. 13.1.1] † Miguashaiidae Cloutier & Ahlberg in Stiassny, Parenti & Johnson 1996: 451 (family) † Miguashaia Schultze 1973 [name only, published after 1960, not available, Art. 13.1.1] † Miguashaiidae Forey 1998: 223 (family) † Miguashaia Schultze 1973 [family name sometimes seen as †Miguashaididae]
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 86, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Additional file 1: of The effect of mobile personalised texting versus non-personalised texting on the caries risk of underprivileged adults: a randomised control trial
Creators: name: Nishi, Makiko
name: Kelleher, Virginia
name: Cronin, Michael
name: Allen, Finbarr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The protocol violations in more detail. (PDF 86 kb)
Z' effects and anomalous gauge couplings at LC with polarization
Creators: name: Pankov, A. A.
name: Paver, N.
name: Verzegnassi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the availability of longitudinally polarized electron beams at a 500 GeV Linear Collider would allow, from an analysis of the reaction e^+e^-\to W^+W^-, to set stringent bounds on the couplings of a Z' of the most general type. In addition, to some extent, it would be possible to disentangle observable effects of the Z' from analogous ones due to competitor models with anomalous trilinear gauge couplings.
description: 22 pages LaTex, 6 figures available on request, revised version accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
FHCP Challenge Set: The First Set of Structurally Difficult Instances of the Hamiltonian Cycle Problem
Creators: name: Haythorpe, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The FHCP Challenge Set, comprising of 1001 instances of Hamiltonian cycle problem, is introduced. This set is the first to contain instances of Hamiltonian cycle problem for which the primary difficulty is the underlying graph structure, rather than simply size. A summary of the kinds of graphs contained in the FHCP Challenge Set is given. A discussion of the results of the FHCP Challenge, a year-long competition to solve all instances of the FHCP Challenge Set first announced at the 59th Annual Meeting for the Australian Mathematical Society, is also included.
Additional file 2: of The effect of mobile personalised texting versus non-personalised texting on the caries risk of underprivileged adults: a randomised control trial
Creators: name: Nishi, Makiko
name: Kelleher, Virginia
name: Cronin, Michael
name: Allen, Finbarr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Details on the allocation concealment. (PDF 104 kb)
Diplocercididae Berg 1940
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Sarcopterygii
Coelacanthiformes
Diplocercididae

description: Family † Diplocercididae Berg 1940
 † Diplocercidae Berg 1940: 391 (family) † Diplocercides Stensiö 1922 [corrected to † Diplocercididae by Camp, Welles & Green 1949: 271, confirmed by Fowler 1971b: 14; family name sometimes seen as †Diploceriidae]
 †Euporosteidae Romer 1966: 362 (family) † Euporosteus Jaekel 1927 [name only, published after 1960, not available, Art. 13.1.1]
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 87, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
A modified dual-slope method for heat capacity measurements of condensable gases
Creators: name: Pilla, S.
name: Hamida, J. A.
name: Sullivan, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high resolution non-adiabatic method for measuring the heat capacity ($C_v$) of bulk samples of condensable gases in the range 7.5-70 K is described. In this method $C_v$ is evaluated by directly comparing the heating and cooling rates of the sample temperature for two algebraically independent heat pulse sequences without explicit use of the thermal conductance between sample and thermal bath. A fully automated calorimeter for rapid measurement of $C_v$ of molecular solids utilizing this technique is presented.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Disorderless quasi-localization of polar gases in one-dimensional lattices
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Dhar, A.
name: Deng, X.
name: Kasamatsu, K.
name: Barbiero, L.
name: Santos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional polar gases in deep optical lattices present a severely constrained dynamics due to the interplay between dipolar interactions, energy conservation, and finite bandwidth. The appearance of dynamically-bound nearest-neighbor dimers enhances the role of the $1/r^3$ dipolar tail, resulting, in the absence of external disorder, in quasi-localization via dimer clustering for very low densities and moderate dipole strengths. Furthermore, even weak dipoles allow for the formation of self-bound superfluid lattice droplets with a finite doping of mobile, but confined, holons. Our results, which can be extrapolated to other power-law interactions, are directly relevant for current and future lattice experiments with magnetic atoms and polar molecules.
description: 5 + 2 Pages
Characterization of a novel chicken γδ TCR-specific marker
Creators: name: Drexel, Veronika E. M.
name: Göbel, Thomas W.
name: Früh, Simon P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: characterization
subject: novel chicken
subject: TCR-specific marker
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Chickens are a species with a high number of γδ T cells in various tissues. Despite their abundance, γδ T cells are poorly characterized in chickens, partially due to a lack of specific reagents to characterize these cells. Up until now, the TCR1 clone has been the only γδ T cell-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) in chickens and additional reagents for γδ T cell subsets are needed. In order to address this issue, new mAb were generated in our laboratory by immunizing mice with in vitro cultured γδ T cells. In an initial flow cytometric screen a new mAb, clone “8D2”, displayed an interesting staining pattern that mirrored γδ TCR up- and downregulation in the γδ T cell line D4 over time, prompting us to characterize this antibody further. We compared the expression of the unknown 8D2 epitope in combination with TCR1 staining across various primary cells. In splenocytes, peripheral blood lymphocytes and intestinal epithelial cells, 8D2 consistently labeled a subset of TCR1+ cells. To determine, whether specific γδ T cell receptors were recognized by 8D2, we sorted γδ T cells according to their 8D2 and TCR1 expression and analyzed their TCR V(D)J gene usage by TCR profiling. Strikingly, sorted 8D2+ cells preferentially expressed Vγ3 genes, whereas the TCR Vγ genes used by TCR1+ 8D2- cells were more variable. γδ TCR in 8D2+ cells were most frequently comprised of gamma chain VJ genes TRGV3-8 and TRGJ3, and delta chain VDJ genes TRDV1-2, TRDD2, TRDJ1. To confirm binding of 8D2 to specific γδ TCR, the preferentially utilized combination of TRG and TRD was expressed in HEK293 cells in combination with CD3, demonstrating surface binding of the 8D2 mAb to this Vγ3 γδ TCR-expressing cell line. Conversely, HEK293 cells expressing either Vγ1 or Vγ2 TCR did not react with 8D2. In conclusion, 8D2 is a novel tool for identifying specific Vγ3 bearing γδ T cells.
Quantum energy flow, dissipation and decoherence in mesoscopic dielectric structures
Creators: name: Blencowe, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first present a summary of recent results concerning the phononic energy transport properties of mesoscopic, suspended dielectric wires. We then discuss some related open problems concerning the fundamental lower limits on the vibrational damping rates of submicron-sized cantilever structures and also the possibility to create and detect quantum superpositions of spatially separated states for such structures.
description: To appear in Physica B, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Phonon Scattering (Phonons 98)
Le onde gravitazionali nella fisica moderna
Creators: name: Gasperini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief introduction to gravitational waves, addressing those questions that nowadays more and more frequently arise within a large audience (not only of insiders): what is a gravity wave, how can it be detected and, above all, what impact on modern physical theories may have their recent discovery? Interested readers can also find a few simple technical details and insights in the final Appendices.
description: Published (in Italian language) on "Ithaca: Viaggio nella Scienza", ISSN: 2282-8079, ESE (Salento University Publishing), http://ithaca.unisalento.it/nr-12_2018/index.html
On the thermal expansion of the tetragonal phase of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3
Creators: name: Schuck, Götz
name: Többens, Daniel M.
name: Schorr, Susan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hybrid perovskites
subject: thermal expansion
subject: local structure
subject: pair distribution function (PDF) analysis
subject: extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)
subject: tension effect
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Based on previously published research, the structural response of the tetragonal hybrid perovskite crystal structure of MAPbX3 [MA: [CH3NH3]+, methylammonium; X = I, Br] to thermal expansion is reviewed here. From an averaged crystal structure perspective, the tetragonal perovskite structure of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3, based on diffraction data, shows apparent Pb-X bond length shortening and apparent shrinkage of the [PbX6] octahedra with increasing temperature. At the same time, these apparent observations, and hence the thermal expansion, are related to the progressive phase transformation towards the cubic structure, as the lattice parameters respond to a shear stress that couples to the order parameters, and this coupling is predicted by group theory and thus aims to explain precisely the apparent negative thermal expansion-like effects. A different picture emerges for the thermal expansion when considering the very localized structure, since neither a shortening of the Pb-X bond lengths nor a shrinking of the [PbX6] octahedra is observed with pair distribution function analysis, and the presence of orthorhombic short-range order in the tetragonal and cubic perovskite structures is assumed in published studies. The compared extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies, which also map the local structure and provide the “true” bond distance, show no lead-halide bond length shortening with temperature. The perpendicular mean square relative displacement has been determined. Therefore, a comparison of the tension and bond expansion effects in both perovskites can be made. In the orthorhombic phase of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3, positive expansion and negative tension of the lead-halide bond are almost balanced. After transitioning to the tetragonal phase, the equilibrium shifts toward negative tension. This suggests that both hybrid perovskites have tighter lead-halide bonds and less rigid [PbX6] octahedra in the tetragonal phase than in the low temperature perovskite crystal structure.
Using longitudinal models to describe preservice science teachers’ development of content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge
Creators: name: Mahler, Daniela
name: Bock, Denise
name: Schauber, Stefan
name: Harms, Ute
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Science teacher education
subject: Preservice teacher education
subject: Content knowledge
subject: Pedagogical content knowledge
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Cross-sectional studies have revealed the importance of university teacher education for science teachers' professional knowledge. However, a detailed understanding of the development of this knowledge is lacking. Our analysis addresses this gap by applying longitudinal models to elucidate how preservice science teachers’ content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) evolve. Our results revealed a nonlinear growth for CK and PCK. We found that both interact during their development and that this interaction changes over the course of teacher education. Also, individual (grade point average) and institutional (teacher education program, second science subject) factors are related to their development.
Photoproduction Enhancement from Non Equilibrium Disoriented Chiral Condensates
Creators: name: Boyanovsky, D.
name: de Vega, H. J.
name: Holman, R.
name: Kumar, S. Prem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study photoproduction during the non-equilibrium stages of the formation of chiral condensates within the ``quench'' scenario of the chiral phase transition. The dynamics is modeled with a gauged linear sigma model. A novel quantum kinetic approach to the description of photoproduction far off equilibrium is developed. We find that non-equilibrium spinodal instabilities of long wavelength pion fluctuations are responsible for an enhanced photoproduction rate for energies $\leq 80$ MeV at order $α$. These non-equilibrium effects lead to a larger contribution than the typical processes in the medium, including that of the anomalous neutral pion decay $π^0 \rightarrow 2 γ$ (which is of order $α^2$). We follow the evolution of the dynamics throughout the phase transition, which in this scenario occurs on a time scale of about $2.5-3$ fm/c and integrate the photon yield through its evolution. The spectrum of photons produced throughout the phase transition is a non- equilibrium one. For thermal initial conditions at the time of the quench it interpolates between a thermal distribution about 6% above the initial temperature (at the time of the quench) for low energy $\leq 80$ MeV photons, and a high energy tail in thermal equilibrium at the initial temperature, with a smooth crossover at 100 MeV. The rate displays a peak at $\sim 35$ MeV which receives a larger enhancement the closer the initial temperature at the time of the quench is to the critical temperature. It is found that the enhancement of photoproduction at low energies is not an artifact caused by the initial distribution of the photons, but is due to the pionic instabilities. We suggest that these strong out of equilibrium effects may provide experimental signatures for the formation and relaxation of DCC's in heavy ion collisions.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, uses revtex and epsfig
Li-Yau gradient estimates for curvature flows in positively curved manifolds
Creators: name: Bryan, Paul
name: Kröner, Heiko
name: Scheuer, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove differential Harnack inequalities for flows of strictly convex hypersurfaces by powers $p$, $0
description: 16 pages
The fourth virtual dimension: Stimulating the human senses to create virtual atmospheric qualities
Creators: name: Sheehan, LJ
name: Brown, Andre
name: Schnabel, Marc Aurel
name: Moleta, Tane
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In a move away from the ubiquitous ocular-centric Virtual Environment, our paper introduces a novel approach to creating other atmospheric qualities within VR scenarios that can address the known shortcoming of the feeling of disembodiment. In particular, we focus on stimulating the human body's sensory ability to detect temperature changes: thermoception. Currently, users' perceptions of a 3D virtual environment are of Ten limited by the general focus, in VR development for design, on the two senses of vision and spatialised audio. The processes that we have undertaken include developing individual sensory engagement techniques, refinement of sensory stimuli and the generation of virtual atmospheric qualities. We respond to Pallasmaa's theoretical stance on the evolution of the human senses, and the western bias of vision in virtual engine development. Consequently, the paper investigates the role our senses, outside of the core 'five senses', have in creating a 'fourth virtual dimension'. The thermoception dimension is explored in our research. A user can begin to understand and engage with space and the directionality within a virtual scenario, as a bodily response to the stimulation of the body's thermoception sense.
Additional file 8: of Effects of early- and mid-life stress on DNA methylation of genes associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Creators: name: Vidrascu, Elena
name: Bashore, Alexander
name: Howard, Timothy
name: Moore, Justin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S8. Quality ratings for the three cross-sectional studies included. (DOCX 27 kb)
Hadronectoridae Lund & Lund 1984
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Sarcopterygii
Coelacanthiformes
Hadronectoridae

description: Family † Hadronectoridae Lund & Lund 1984
 † Hadronectoridae Lund & Lund 1984: 237 (family) † Hadronector Lund & Lund 1984
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 87, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Habitat loss, extinction debt and climate change threaten terricolous lichens in lowland open dry habitats
Creators: name: Gheza, Gabriele
name: Porro, Zeno
name: Barcella, Matteo
name: Assini, Silvia
name: Nascimbene, Juri
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Conservation
subject: Global change
subject: Land use change
subject: Species inventories
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Habitat loss is the main driver of biodiversity decline worldwide. An immediate consequence can be extinction debt, i.e. time-delayed extinction of species following habitat loss. We tested extinction debt in terricolous lichen communities in 45 patches of lowland open dry habitats in the western Po Plain (northern Italy) considering richness of four species groups: total, red-listed, rare, and common species. The distance from the currently nearest patch and the annual precipitation correlated – negatively and positively, respectively – with all the groups. Total, red-listed, and rare species were positively related to the oldest available patch extent (1954). Common species were positively related to the current (2020) patch extent. Total and red-listed species were negatively related to the extent difference (1954–2020). Results reveal an extinction debt which has not yet been completely paid and that could be exacerbated by climate change. To counteract this trend, management should conserve habitat patches with the highest species richness, improve connectivity between habitat patches, and provide suitable microrefugia for species with different ecological requirements.
Additional file 4 of Genome-wide identification of the NLR gene family in Haynaldia villosa by SMRT-RenSeq
Creators: name: Huang, Zhenpu
name: Qiao, Fangyuan
name: Yang, Boming
name: Liu, Jiaqian
name: Liu, Yangqi
name: Wulff, Brande B. H.
name: Hu, Ping
name: Lv, Zengshuai
name: Zhang, Ruiqi
name: Chen, Peidu
name: Xing, Liping
name: Cao, Aizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Hypertoric manifolds of infinite topological type
Creators: name: Dancer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C26

description: We analyse properties of hypertoric manifolds of infinite topological type, including their topology and complex structures. We show that our manifolds have the homotopy type of an infinite union of compact toric varieties. We also discuss hypertoric analogues of the periodic Ooguri-Vafa spaces.
Strategies for the evolution of sex
Creators: name: Tuzel, Erkan
name: Sevim, Volkan
name: Erzan, Ayse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We find that the hypothesis made by Jan, Stauffer and Moseley [Theory in Biosc., 119, 166 (2000)] for the evolution of sex, namely a strategy devised to escape extinction due to too many deleterious mutations, is sufficient but not necessary for the successful evolution of a steady state population of sexual individuals within a finite population. Simply allowing for a finite probability for conversion to sex in each generation also gives rise to a stable sexual population, in the presence of an upper limit on the number of deleterious mutations per individual. For large values of this probability, we find a phase transition to an intermittent, multi-stable regime. On the other hand, in the limit of extremely slow drive, another transition takes place to a different steady state distribution, with fewer deleterious mutations within the asexual population.
description: RevTeX, 11 pages, multicolumn, including 12 figures
Additional file 9: of Effects of early- and mid-life stress on DNA methylation of genes associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Creators: name: Vidrascu, Elena
name: Bashore, Alexander
name: Howard, Timothy
name: Moore, Justin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S9. uality ratings for the four case-control/cross-sectional studies included. (DOCX 39 kb)
Microwave field mapping for EPR-on-a-chip experiments
Creators: name: Künstner, Silvio
name: McPeak, Joseph E.
name: Chu, Anh
name: Kern, Michal
name: Wick, Markus
name: Dinse, Klaus-Peter
name: Anders, Jens
name: Naydenov, Boris
name: Lips, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microwave field mapping
subject: EPR-on-a-chip experiments
subject: voltage-controlled oscillators
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Electron paramagnetic resonance–on-a-chip (EPRoC) devices use small voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) for both the excitation and detection of the EPR signal, allowing access to unique sample environments by lifting the restrictions imposed by resonator-based EPR techniques. EPRoC devices have been successfully used at multiple frequencies (7 to 360 gigahertz) and have demonstrated their utility in producing high-resolution spectra in a variety of spin centers. To enable quantitative measurements using EPRoC devices, the spatial distribution of the B1 field produced by the VCOs must be known. As an example, the field distribution of a 12-coil VCO array EPRoC operating at 14 gigahertz is described in this study. The frequency modulation–recorded EPR spectra of a “point”-like and a thin-film sample were investigated while varying the position of both samples in three directions. The results were compared to COMSOL simulations of the B1-field intensity. The EPRoC array sensitive volume was determined to be ~19 nanoliters. Implications for possible EPR applications are discussed.
Soliton lattices in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with nonlocal and repulsive coupling
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially-periodic patterns are studied in nonlocally coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We show first that spatially periodic patterns appear in a model with the dipole-dipole interaction. Next, we study a model with a finite-range coupling, and show that a repulsively coupled system is closely related with an attractively coupled system and its soliton solution becomes a building block of the spatially-periodic structure. That is, the spatially-periodic structure can be interpreted as a soliton lattice. An approximate form of the soliton is given by a variational method. Furthermore, the effects of the rotating harmonic potential and spin-orbit coupling are numerically studied.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Possible high $T_c$ superconductivity mediated by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in systems with Fermi surface pockets
Creators: name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that if there are two small pocket-like Fermi surfaces, and the spin susceptibility is pronounced around a wave vector {\bf Q} that bridges the two pockets, the spin-singlet superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations may have a high transition temperature. Using the fluctuation exchange approximation, this idea is confirmed for the Hubbard on a lattice with alternating hopping integrals, for which $T_c$ is estimated to be almost an order of magnitude larger than those for systems with a large connected Fermi surface.
description: 5 pages, uses RevTeX
Participatory AR: A parametric design instrument
Creators: name: Silcock, D
name: Schnabel, Marc Aurel
name: Moleta, Tane
name: Brown, Andre
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: CAAD research has frequently investigated the realm of public participation in large scale urban design re-development. Yet, the recurring problem lies with the lay-person of Ten not being able to read 2d and 3d graphic information effectively, and hence be able to participate in the process of design development proactively. To date, much-existing research focuses on developing designs for urban settings using contemporary interaction devices such as the /Hololens/; such devices, with custom interfaces, require a significant level of expertise, or an experienced 'guide', to help navigate or create within these environments. Our paper presents a novel alternative based on real-time-virtual-engines, XR, and a parametric back-end system. The paper discusses the advantages that the resulting tangible user interface (TUI) can play in the lay-person's engagement in the design process. In the paper, we describe how the integration of interaction design (IxD) and augmented reality (AR) offer new opportunities due to the increasing availability of barrier-free technologies that can better include lay-persons as active participants in the design development process.
Acoustoconductance of quantum contacts
Creators: name: Blencowe, M. P.
name: Shik, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe theoretically the acoustoconductance (AC) of quantum contacts. One characteristic of a contact which distinguishes it from a long, uniform wire is a strong, energy-dependent transmission probability. This has several consequences for AC. Electrons which are forward scattered by phonons can contribute to AC and, furthermore, AC can have positive sign (i.e. a conductance-increase under the influence of phonons). By contrast, for uniform wires only backscattered electrons contribute to AC which always has negative sign.
description: New reference added. To appear in Physica B, proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Phonon Scattering (Phonons 98)
Phenomenological NLO analysis of eta(c) production at the LHC in the collider and fixed-target modes
Creators: name: Feng, Yu
name: He, Jibo
name: Lansberg, Jean-Philippe
name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
name: Usachov, Andrii
name: Zhang, Hong-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the good agreement between the LHCb prompt-eta(c) data at sqrt(s)=7 and 8 TeV and the NLO colour-singlet model predictions --i.e. the leading v^2 NRQCD contribution--, we provide predictions in the LHCb acceptance for the forthcoming 13 TeV analysis bearing on data taken during the LHC Run2. We also provide predictions for sqrt(s)=115 GeV for proton-hydrogen collisions in the fixed-target mode which could be studied during the LHC Run3. Our predictions are complemented by a full theoretical uncertainty analysis. In addition to cross section predictions, we elaborate on the uncertainties on the p bar-p branching ratio --necessary for data-theory comparison-- and discuss other usable branching fractions for future studies.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, LaTeX uses elsarticle
Determination of color-octet matrix elements from e^+e- process at low energies
Creators: name: Yuan, Feng
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Chao, Kuang-Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the preliminary experimental data of direct j/psi production in e^e- process at low energies. We find that the color-octet contributions are crucially important to the cross section at this energy region, and their inclusion produces a good description of the data. By fitting to the data, we extract the individual values of two color-octet matrix elements: \approx 1.1\times 10^{-2} GeV^3, m_c^2\approx 7.4\times 10^{-3}GeV^3. We discuss the allowed range of the two matrix elements constrained by the theoretical uncertainties. We find that is poorly determined because it is sensitive to the variation of the choice of m_c, α_s and . However m_c^2 is quite stable (about (6-9)\times 10^{-3}GeV^3) when the parameters vary in reasonable ranges. The uncertainties due to large experimental errors are also discussed.
description: 13 page, RevTex, 2 figures in postscript. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Electronic and Structural Properties of Carbon Nano-Horns
Creators: name: Berber, Savas
name: Kwon, Young-Kyun
name: Tomanek, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use parametrized linear combination of atomic orbitals calculations to determine the stability, optimum geometry and electronic properties of nanometer-sized capped graphitic cones, called ``nano-horns''. Different nano-horn morphologies are considered, which differ in the relative location of the five terminating pentagons. Simulated scanning tunneling microscopy images of the various structures at different bias voltages reflect a net electron transfer towards the pentagon vertex sites. We find that the local density of states at the tip, observable by scanning tunneling spectroscopy, can be used to discriminate between different tip structures. Our molecular dynamics simulations indicate that disintegration of nano-horns at high temperatures starts in the highest-strain region near the tip.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publication
Deep learning image analysis for filamentous fungi taxonomic classification: Dealing with small datasets with class imbalance and hierarchical grouping
Creators: name: Stiller, Stefan
name: Dueñas, Juan F.
name: Hempel, Stefan
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Ryo, Masahiro
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
subject: transfer learning
subject: local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME)
subject: microbiology
subject: mycorrhizal fungi
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Deep learning applications in taxonomic classification for animals and plants from images have become popular, while those for microorganisms are still lagging behind. Our study investigated the potential of deep learning for the taxonomic classification of hundreds of filamentous fungi from colony images, which is typically a task that requires specialized knowledge. We isolated soil fungi, annotated their taxonomy using standard molecular barcode techniques, and took images of the fungal colonies grown in petri dishes (n = 606). We applied a convolutional neural network with multiple training approaches and model architectures to deal with some common issues in ecological datasets: small amounts of data, class imbalance, and hierarchically structured grouping. Model performance was overall low, mainly due to the relatively small dataset, class imbalance, and the high morphological plasticity exhibited by fungal colonies. However, our approach indicates that morphological features like color, patchiness, and colony extension rate could be used for the recognition of fungal colonies at higher taxonomic ranks (i.e. phylum, class, and order). Model explanation implies that image recognition characters appear at different positions within the colony (e.g. outer or inner hyphae) depending on the taxonomic resolution. Our study suggests the potential of deep learning applications for a better understanding of the taxonomy and ecology of filamentous fungi amenable to axenic culturing. Meanwhile, our study also highlights some technical challenges in deep learning image analysis in ecology, highlighting that the domain of applicability of these methods needs to be carefully considered.
Rhabdodermatidae Berg 1955
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Sarcopterygii
Coelacanthiformes
Rhabdodermatidae

description: Family † Rhabdodermatidae Berg 1955, spelling in prevailing recent practice
 †Rhabdodermidae Berg 1955: 100 (family) † Rhabdoderma Reis 1888 [family name also seen as † Rhabdodermatidae]
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 87, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557