cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A ring trap for ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Morizot, Olivier
name: Colombe, Yves
name: Lorent, Vincent
name: Perrin, Hélène
name: Garraway, Barry M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new kind of toroidal trap, designed for ultracold atoms. It relies on a combination of a magnetic trap for rf-dressed atoms, which creates a bubble-like trap, and a standing wave of light. This new trap is well suited for investigating questions of low dimensionality in a ring potential. We study the trap characteristics for a set of experimentally accessible parameters. A loading procedure from a conventional magnetic trap is also proposed. The flexible nature of this new ring trap, including an adjustable radius and adjustable transverse oscillation frequencies, will allow the study of superfluidity in variable geometries and dimensionalities.
description: 4 figures, 10 pages ; the order of the sections has been changed ; to appear in Phys. Rev. A
2003 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2003-2012
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Net farm income for all representative farms in 2012 will be lower than in 2003. Low profit farms, which comprise of 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive. Costs are projected to increase faster than yields. The new farm bill removes much of the price risk that producers face while placing it on the federal government. Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions. Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
RANCH OPERATORS' PERCEPTIONS OF LEAFY SPURGE MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION OF THE TEAM LEAFY SPURGE PROJECT
Creators: name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: leafy spurge
subject: noxious weeds
subject: weed management
subject: rancher opinion

description: Leafy spurge is an exotic, noxious, perennial weed which is widely established in the north central United States and is an especially serious problem in the northern Great Plains (Bangsund et al. 1999). In 1997, the Agriculture Research Service and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, initiated a major Integrated Pest Management (IPM) research and demonstration project to develop and demonstrate ecologically based IPM strategies that can produce effective, affordable leafy spurge control. In 1998 and 1999, a survey of ranchers and public land managers was conducted to evaluate managerial, institutional, and social factors that might affect the rate and extent of implementation of various control strategies. In 2001, a second survey of the same ranchers and public land managers was conducted to (1) assess any changes in land managers' perceptions of weed problems, control alternatives, and related issues, and (2) evaluate the impact of the TEAM Leafy Spurge project on the respondent's weed control practices. The impacts of noxious weeds on grazing operations, specifically leafy spurge, are not abating, and ranchers seem more aware than ever of the severity of the problem. A slightly larger percentage of respondents in 2001 view leafy spurge as a major problem and the most serious problem for grazing operations than in 1998 and 1999. Heightened awareness among landowners may also be linked to TEAM Leafy Spurge's efforts to inform landowners of the problem and offer affordable, effective weed management techniques. While the use of biological control methods, specifically flea beetles, has grown, herbicides continue to be the control practice of choice. While slightly fewer respondents reported using herbicides in 2001 than in 1998 and 1999, the vast majority of landowners plan to continue to use herbicides. Over 50 percent of respondents are using biological control and over 76 percent of respondents indicated flea beetles were either somewhat or very effective in controlling leafy spurge. Nearly half of the respondents had heard of TEAM Leafy Spurge, and all TEAM Leafy Spurge demonstration sites, events, and publications were favorably rated. A large majority of the respondents agreed that the program had been effective in demonstrating and communicating leafy spurge treatment and control options. Based on the results of the 2001 survey, it would appear that the program has indeed made progress in communicating the type of information landowners need to address what continues to be a significant issue for grazing operations in the Midwest.
Diem, Werner: Eine arabische Kaufurkunde von 1024 n. Chr. aus Ägypten
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 90 (2006): Oriens christianus, Band 90
The antiferromagnetic transition for the square-lattice Potts model
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Saleur, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the antiferromagnetic transition for the Q-state Potts model (defined geometrically for Q generic) on the square lattice. The solution is based on a detailed analysis of the Bethe ansatz equations (which involve staggered source terms) and on extensive numerical diagonalization of transfer matrices. It involves subtle distinctions between the loop/cluster version of the model, and the associated RSOS and (twisted) vertex models. The latter's continuum limit involves two bosons, one which is compact and twisted, and the other which is not, with a total central charge c=2-6/t, for sqrt(Q)=2cos(pi/t). The non-compact boson contributes a continuum component to the spectrum of critical exponents. For Q generic, these properties are shared by the Potts model. For Q a Beraha number [Q = 4 cos^2(pi/n) with n integer] the two-boson theory is truncated and becomes essentially Z\_{n-2} parafermions. Moreover, the vertex model, and, for Q generic, the Potts model, exhibit a first-order critical point on the transition line, i.e., the critical point is also the locus of level crossings where the derivatives of the free energy are discontinuous. In that sense, the thermal exponent of the Potts model is generically nu=1/2. Things are profoundly different for Q a Beraha number, where the transition is second order, with nu=(t-2)/2 determined by the psi\_1 parafermion. As one enters the adjacant Berker-Kadanoff phase, the model flows, for t odd, to a minimal model of CFT with c=1-6/t(t-1), while for t even it becomes massive. This provides a physical realization of a flow conjectured by Fateev and Zamolodchikov in the context of Z\_N integrable perturbations. Finally, we argue that the antiferromagnetic transition occurs as well on other two-dimensional lattices.
An epidemiologic investigation of injury mortality among sawmill workers
Creators: name: Barroetavena, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Sawmill jobs rank among the most hazardous occupations in Canada due to the high work-related injury morbidity and fatality rates. As little is known about the circumstances of fatal injuries in this workforce, a study of all fatal injuries (on-the-job and off-the-job) among sawmill workers was undertaken. The study population comprises over 26,000 workers from the British Columbia Sawmill Workers Cohort. We combined data from this database with B.C. Coroners Service (BCCS) and Workers' Compensation Board (BCWCB) data to analyze the facts surrounding the occurrence of fatal injuries among sawmill workers during 1950-1990. This study consisted of three components: 1) an analysis of the usefulness of the data sources available for surveillance of work-related injuries, 2) an analysis of work-related fatalities among sawmill workers for the period 1950-1990, and 3) an analysis of all fatal injuries in this workforce during 1950-1990. The WCB records alone identified more work-related fatalities than the BCCS files alone (95.4% vs. 81.8%). Each data source has specific limitations precluding a complete count of fatal injuries at the workplace. Forty cohort members were fatally injured while working at a sawmill. The work-related fatality rate was 18.3 per 100,000 person-years. The risk of fatal work-related injury was lower during 1970-1990 than during 1950-1969. Crude fatality rates were higher among workers older than 35 years and in the occupational categories of "machine operators/clearers/sorters" and "mobile equipment operators". Factors related to the workplace physical and socio-cultural environment (e.g. unsafe work station, defective equipment, safety policies) were the main contributors to fatal injuries. When compared to the general male population, sawmill workers had fewer deaths than expected from every injury type except "being caught by machinery". The group of "skilled labour" workers had the lowest risk of dying from motor vehicle crashes and suicides. Fatal motor vehicle crashes and suicides were highest among workers living in isolated mill towns. These findings have implications for prevention. Effective countermeasures should not only address a combination of factors related to the environment, the injury event and the person but these interventions should be evaluated in terms of cost-effectiveness.
Schwarzschild-De Sitter black holes in 4+1 dimensional bulk
Creators: name: Arik, M.
name: Ciftci, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a static solution for 4+1 dimensional bulk such that the 3+1 dimensional world has a linear warp factor and describes the Schwarzschild-dS_{4} black hole. For m=0 this four dimensional universe and Friedmann Robertson Walker universe are related with an explicit coordinate transformation. We emphasize that for linear warp factors the effect of bulk on the brane world shows up as the dS_{4} background which is favored by the big bang cosmology.
description: 6 pages
THE CONTRIBUTION OF NORTH DAKOTA'S COMMUNITY PHARMACIES TO THE STATE'S ECONOMY
Creators: name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Economic impact
subject: pharmacy
subject: pharmacists
subject: drug stores

description: A pharmacist shortage, mail and internet competition, thinning margins, and third-party payer issues are some of the issues challenging community pharmacies. Those challenges have raised concerns about the long-term viability of independent community pharmacies, especially those in rural areas. In addition to a pharmacy's role in the delivery of prescription drugs, community pharmacies also play an important role in the state and local economies, again, especially in rural communities. Community pharmacies consistently have been classified as a business that provides essential services. Because of the issues and challenges facing community pharmacies and their role as an essential service, this study was undertaken to quantify the economic contribution North Dakota's community pharmacies make to the state's economy and to examine community pharmacies' business characteristics, services provided, and other issues. This study estimates all relevant expenditures and returns associated with North Dakota's community pharmacies.
In-medium effects on electromagnetic probes
Creators: name: Gale, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some of the aspects of the physics of relativistic nuclear collisions, in particular those having to do with the observation of electromagnetic radiation. We concentrate on what such measurements tell us about the local, in-medium properties of the environment from which they emerge. The contribution from different sources are considered: that from the partonic sector of QCD, and that from the confined hadronic phase. Specifically, we discuss the observation of real photons and of lepton pairs at the SPS and at RHIC, and make predictions for the LHC. The role of jets is discussed.
description: Invited talk given at the International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions (HP 2004), 4-10 Nov 2004, Ericeira, Portugal; 8 pages, 11 figures
Institutional Units and Agricultural Statistics
Creators: name: Hill, Berkeley
name: Hill, Berkeley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Hitherto the basic units of agricultural statistics have been fictional (the holding and the Local KAU). The case is made that for many purposes basing economic statistics on the institutional units that undertake production - household-firms and corporations - would bring substantial advantages in terms of improving quality, easier interpretation and greater policy relevance. In particular, accounts drawn up for household-firms and companies should be constructed to complement the traditional activity accounts at aggregate and microeconomic levels. Implications for data systems are discussed.
On First Order Formalism in String Theory
Creators: name: Losev, Andrei S.
name: Marshakov, Andrei
name: Zeitlin, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the first order formalism in string theory, providing a new off-shell description of the nontrivial backgrounds around an "infinite metric". The OPE of the vertex operators, corresponding to the background fields in some "twistor representation", and conditions of conformal invariance results in the quadratic equation for the background fields, which appears to be equivalent to the Einstein equations with a Kalb-Ramond B-field and a dilaton. Using a new representation for the Einstein equations with B-field and dilaton we find a new class of solutions including the plane waves for metric (graviton) and the B-field. We discuss the properties of these background equations and main features of the BRST operator in this approach.
description: LaTeX2e, 18 pages, Phys. Lett. B, in press, corrected typos
Survey # 49
Creators: name: Institut Für Demoskopie Allensbach
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Prices (1); movies (2); radio (5); mail (2); pamphlet (5); Adenaver's policy (2); German peace treaty (1); Oder-Neisse borderline (1); CDV vs. SPD (1); cooking (10); politics (3); West Germany's economy (2); general treaty (2); Saar territory (1); smoking (9); glasses (14); life in the future (1); united Europe (1).
Causal Inference with Complex Data Structures and Non-Standard Effects
Creators: name: Kwangho Kim
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10405 Statistical Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many modern problems in causal inference have non-trivial complications beyond the classical settings of randomized trials, parametric models, and average treatment effects.Despite their inherent complexities, many recent questions in causal inference are still tackled via overly simplified methods and data structures. My thesis is dedicated to overcoming some of these methodological limitations of classical causal inference, aiming to bridge the gapbetween methodological development and practice, by effectively harness advanced machine learning tools. My work can be categorized into the following three sub-topics.a.) Stochastic interventions for general longitudinal data. We generalize novel "incremental" intervention effects to accommodate subject dropout in longitudinal studies. Ourmethods do not require positivity or parametric assumptions, and are less sensitive to the curse of dimensionality. We present efficient nonparametric estimators, showing that they converge at √ n rates and yield uniform inferential guarantees. Importantly, we argue that incremental effects are much more efficient than conventional deterministic effects in a novel infinite time horizon setting, where the number of timepoints can grow to infinity. b.) Causal effects based on distributional distances. We have proposed a novel nonstandard causal effect based on the discrepancy between unobserved counterfactual distributions(i.e., L1 distance), in order to provide more nuanced and valuable information about treatment effects than simple mean shifts. We consider single- and multi-source randomized studies, as well as observational studies, and analyze error bounds and asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators. Special difficulties arise due to the non-smoothness of the L1 distance functional. c.) Causal clustering. We give a novel adaptation of unsupervised learning methods for analyzing treatment effect heterogeneity. Specifically, we pursue an efficient way touncover subgroup structure in conditional treatment effects by leveraging tools in clustering analysis. We find conditions under which k-means, density-based, and hierarchical clustering algorithms can be successfully adopted into our framework. For k-means causal clustering, we develop a novel estimator that attains fast convergence rates and asymptotic normality of the cluster centers, even under weak nonparametric conditions on nuisance function estimation. Unlike previous studies, our framework can be easily extended to outcome-wide studies.
Ember landing and the functionality of the suspended fabric method
Creators: name: Christensen, Eirik
name: Hu, Yuqi
name: Rein, Guillermo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: wildfire, ember, experimental

description: Poster presented at 12th International Association of Fire Safety Science Symposium; 2017 June 12-16; Lund, Sweden. The Imperial Dragon was created as an inexpensive, benchtop scale device, which ejects a range of smouldering charcoal particle sizes. This is utilized to explore the functionality of the Suspended Fabric Method which uses fabric to capture ember size and distribution through image analysis of burn damage. This technique has great potential in the study of short range ember with its ability to return a large range of data while remaining simplistic in its set-up. 
Cluster States for Continuous-Variable Multipartite Entanglement
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new class of continuous-variable (CV) multipartite entangled states, the CV cluster states, which might be generated from squeezing and kerr-like interaction. The entanglement properties of these states are studied in terms of classical communication and local operations. The quantum teleportation network with cluster states is investigated. The graph states as the general forms of cluster states are presented, which may be used to generate CV Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by simply local measurements and classical communication. A chain for one-dimensional example of cluster states can be readily experimentally produced only with squeezed light and beamsplitters.
description: 4 pages
Slater-Pauling Rule and Curie-Temperature of Co$_2$-based Heusler compounds
Creators: name: Fecher, G. H.
name: Kandpal, H. C.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Felser, C.
name: Schönhense, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concept is presented serving to guide in the search for new materials with high spin polarization. It is shown that the magnetic moment of half-metallic ferromagnets can be calculated from the generalized Slater-Pauling rule. Further, it was found empirically that the Curie temperature of Co$_2$ based Heusler compounds can be estimated from a seemingly linear dependence on the magnetic moment. As a successful application of these simple rules, it was found that Co$_2$FeSi is, actually, the half-metallic ferromagnet exhibiting the highest magnetic moment and the highest Curie temperature measured for a Heusler compound.
Surface criticality and multifractality at localization transitions
Creators: name: Subramaniam, A. R.
name: Gruzberg, I. A.
name: Ludwig, A. W. W.
name: Evers, F.
name: Mildenberger, A.
name: Mirlin, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the concept of surface multifractality for localization-delocalization (LD) transitions in disordered electronic systems. We point out that the critical behavior of various observables related to wave functions near a boundary at a LD transition is different from that in the bulk. We illustrate this point with a calculation of boundary critical and multifractal behavior at the 2D spin quantum Hall transition and in a 2D metal at scales below the localization length.
description: Published version
Galois structure of homogeneous coordinate rings
Creators: name: Bleher, Frauke M.
name: Chinburg, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C05; 14L30; 14C40; 13A50

description: Suppose $G$ is a finite group acting on a projective scheme $X$ over a commutative Noetherian ring $R$. We study the $RG$-modules $\HH^0(X,\mathcal{F} \otimes \mathcal{L}^n)$ when $n \ge 0$, and $\mathcal{F}$ and $\mathcal{L}$ are coherent $G$-sheaves on $X$ such that $\mathcal{L}$ is an ample line bundle. We show that the classes of these modules in the Grothendieck group $G_0(RG)$ of all finitely generated $RG$-modules lie in a finitely generated subgroup. Under various hypotheses, we show that there is a finite set of indecomposable $RG$-modules such that each $\HH^0(X,\mathcal{F} \otimes \mathcal{L}^n)$ is a direct sum of these indecomposables, with multiplicites given by generalized Hilbert polynomials for $n >> 0$.
description: 27 pages. The abstract and introduction have been changed; the article has been shortened
Timing of the Early Retirement Decisions of Farming Couples
Creators: name: Vare, Minna
name: Vare, Minna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Duration
subject: early retirement
subject: farming couple
subject: farm transfer
subject: succession

description: The retirement decisions of individuals are strongly influenced by spousal retirement, financial incentives and institutional constraints such as access to early retirement benefits. In the European Union (EU), farm retirement is encouraged by early retirement provisions for farmers. As exit from farming determines the characteristics of structural change in agriculture, it is important to find out how spousal retirement and economic incentives affect the timing and type of retirement decisions among elderly farmers. This paper analyses the timing of early retirement decisions of farming couples using duration analysis and different exit channels. The empirical analysis is based on Finnish farm-level panel data for the period 1993-1998. The results suggest that an expected pension particularly advances farm transfers. Farming couples are found to co-ordinate their early retirement decisions. However, farmers are not found to co-ordinate their early retirement according to spousal retirement under other pension schemes.
A first comparison of search methods for gravitational wave bursts using LIGO and Virgo simulated data
Creators: name: Blackburn, L.
name: Beauville, F.
name: Bizouard, M. -A.
name: Bosi, L.
name: Brady, P.
name: Brocco, L.
name: Brown, D.
name: Buskulic, D.
name: Chatterji, S.
name: Christensen, N.
name: Clapson, A. -C.
name: Fairhurst, S.
name: Grosjean, D.
name: Guidi, G.
name: Hello, P.
name: Katsavounidis, E.
name: Knight, M.
name: Lazzarini, A.
name: Marion, F.
name: Mours, B.
name: Ricci, F.
name: Vicere, A.
name: Zanolin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparative study of 6 search methods for gravitational wave bursts using simulated LIGO and Virgo noise data. The data's spectra were chosen to follow the design sensitivity of the two 4km LIGO interferometers and the 3km Virgo interferometer. The searches were applied on replicas of the data sets to which 8 different signals were injected. Three figures of merit were employed in this analysis: (a) Receiver Operator Characteristic curves, (b) necessary signal to noise ratios for the searches to achieve 50 percent and 90 percent efficiencies, and (c) variance and bias for the estimation of the arrival time of a gravitational wave burst.
description: GWDAW9 proceedings
title: Mountains, Molehills and Milestones: Participant Experiences from the WSU Mentoring Programs
Creators: name: Cull, Michelle
name: Coxon, Kristy
name: Dayal, Manisha
Publisher: name: Western Sydney University
Year: 2021

description: This study uses a series of narratives (stories) of experiences of professional and academic staff participating in mentoring programs at Western Sydney University as either mentors or mentees in the last five years. The narratives, as prompted by open-ended questions through an online survey instrument, reflect on participants’ mentoring goals, the outcomes of the program, any challenges experienced and recommendations for future staff involved in mentoring programs at the university. In addition, the study examines the success of the mentoring program across a range of psycho-social and career development outcomes over a five-year period. The study highlights the practical implications of mentoring programs for staff and provides guidance to future participants. It also considers if there are any notable differences in the experiences of a mentoring program which may be due to demographic factors such as age, discipline, gender and years of experience.  Findings suggest that proactivity, risk-taking, time management and trust are the main obstacles that mentees must overcome in order to reap the full benefits of a mentoring program. Academic mentees were found to be successful in applying for research grants, publishing research articles and substantially increasing the number of higher degree research students under their supervision. Some mentees also received awards and recognition that they attributed to being part of the mentoring program. Other less tangible benefits that were reported by mentees include improved networking skills, increased confidence and assertiveness, prioritising of work activities, and navigating ‘office politics’.
Mentors participating in the study built lasting friendships with their mentees and found that being a mentor provided them an opportunity to revisit their own career and make improvements/take action where necessary. Some mentors also invited their mentees to so-supervise research students with them and to work with them on research grants and projects. Less tangible achievements of mentors included building both their own and their mentee’s confidence and contributing to succession planning for the University. The findings of this study are important for both professional and academic staff considering mentoring programs to assist in advancing their career and to higher education institutions who seek to offer successful mentoring programs for their staff. The research highlights the practical implications of mentoring programs for staff at higher education institutions and makes recommendations for future programs and participants to ensure that the programs are contributing to the developmental, career and psycho-social needs of staff from all gender groups and provide equal opportunity for all staff to advance careers through promotion and improved performance.
The Family Farm Model in Swedish Agricultural Policy
Creators: name: Lindahl, Barbro
name: Lindahl, Barbro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Family farming has been in focus in Sweden as well as in all traditional European agricultural policy. However the concept appears in many different contexts, it can denote both a statistically defined size or institutional form of agricultural production, or an economically defined firm with certain advantages visavi other institutions, or it can be a norm for recipients of agricultural support or a norm in structural policy. Re-examining the evidence of the family farm model in Sweden illustrates what happens when the state tries to influence the structural development. The Swedish "rationalization policy" was implemented for several decades and the family farm model had a great role to play when deciding upon criteria concerning farm size for support to individual farms. The policy included both upper and lower limits to farm size. In the end economists have concluded that the family farm organizational form needs no political incitaments to grow or shrink for efficiency reasons. The lesson to learn from policy implementation is that the role of the local market for work or entrepreneurial opportunities beside traditional agriculture must be taken in consideration for the farmers.
Youssef, Youhanna Nessim: The Arabic Life of Severus of Antioch attributed to Athanasius of Antioch
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 90 (2006): Oriens christianus, Band 90
Structure and Strategy, How Do They Match in the Netherlands?
Creators: name: Van Der Veen, Hennie B.
name: Van Bommel, Karel
name: Van Der Veen, Hennie B.
name: Van Bommel, Karel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: family farm
subject: household
subject: legal form
subject: strategy
subject: typology

description: Farm organization, and the balance between the household and the farm have changed. This paper explores the relation between the organizational form and strategy of Dutch farmers and shows that strategy and structure are related. Legal persons and partnerships with multiple households can be especially found among the farmers focusing on economies of scale. One-man businesses and the one household partnerships more often show diversification strategies. One-man businesses are relatively more encountered amongst the life style farmers, whilst one household partnerships are stronger present amongst rural entrepreneurs.
Bound Energy Masses of Mesons Containing the Fourth Generation and Iso-singlet Quarks
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fourth Standard Model (SM) family quarks and weak iso-singlet quarks The fourth Standard Model (SM) family quarks and weak iso-singlet quarks predicted by ${\rm E}_{6\text{}}$ GUT are considered. The spin-average of the pseudoscalar $η_{4}(n^{1}S_{0})$ and vector $ψ_{4}(n^{3}S_{1})$ quarkonium binding masses of the new mesons formed by the fourth Standard Model (SM) family and iso-singlet ${\rm E}_{6\text{}}$ with their mixings to ordinary quarks are investigated. Further, the fine and hyperfine mass splittings of the these states are also calculated. We solved the Schrödinger equation with logarithmic and Martin potentials using the Shifted large-${\rm N}$ expansion technique. Our results are compared with other models to gauge the reliability of the predictions and point out differences.
description: 13 pages
The chemistry of fluorine-bearing molecules in diffuse and dense interstellar gas clouds
Creators: name: Neufeld, David A.
name: Wolfire, Mark G.
name: Schilke, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical investigation of the chemistry of fluorine-bearing molecules in diffuse and dense interstellar gas clouds. The chemistry of interstellar fluorine is qualitatively different from that of any other element, because - unlike the neutral atoms of any other element found in diffuse or dense molecular clouds - atomic fluorine undergoes an exothermic reaction with molecular hydrogen. Over a wide range of conditions attained within interstellar gas clouds, the product of that reaction - hydrogen fluoride - is predicted to be the dominant gas-phase reservoir of interstellar fluorine nuclei. Our model predicts HF column densities ~ 1.E+13 cm-2 in dark clouds and column densities as large as 1.E-11 cm-2 in diffuse interstellar gas clouds with total visual extinctions as small as 0.1 mag. Such diffuse clouds will be detectable by means of absorption line spectroscopy of the J = 1 - 0 transition at 243.2 micron using the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) and the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO). The CF+ ion is predicted to be the second most abundant fluorine-bearing molecule, with typical column densities a factor ~ 100 below those of HF; with its lowest two rotational transitions in the millimeter-wave spectral region, CF+ may be detectable from ground-based observatories. HF absorption in quasar spectra is a potential probe of molecular gas at high redshift, providing a possible bridge between the UV/optical observations capable of probing H2 in low column density systems and the radio/millimeter-wavelength observations that probe intervening molecular clouds of high extinction and large molecular fraction; at redshifts beyond ~ 0.3, HF is potentially detectable from ground-based submillimeter observatories in several atmospheric transmission windows.
description: 34 pages, including 11 figures (10 color), accepted for publication in ApJ
Experimental review of diffractive phenomena
Creators: name: Favart, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review is given of the measurements of the hard diffractive interactions in recent years from two high-energy colliders, the HERA $ep$ collider and the Tevatron $p\bar{p}$ collider. The structure of the diffractive exchange in terms of partons, the factorisation properties and the ratio of diffractive to non-diffractive cross sections are discussed.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of BARYONS 2004. LaTeX 10 pages
Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials
Creators: name: Rankin, Andrew G. M.
name: Trébosc, Julien
name: Pourpoint, Frédérique
name: Amoureux, Jean-Paul
name: Lafon, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field $B_0 \ge 5$ T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high $B_0$ field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis,optoelectronics etc.
The Depopulation of Rural Areas and the Farming System
Creators: name: Mann, Stefan
name: Mann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Depopulation of rural areas can entail negative externalities. This paper examines, inter alia, the influence of the farming system on depopulation processes. The population change in rural communities in Switzerland (family-based farming system) and in the German Land Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (fordistic farming system) is explained through regression analysis by the proportion of persons occupied in the three economic sectors and by other variables. In Switzerland, a high proportion of locals occupied in farming affects population dynamics positively; in Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania, the situation is exactly opposite. This can serve as an argument to support small and networked farms in rural problem regions.
title: Special Issue on Future Powertrain Technologies
Creators: name: Jardin, Philippe
name: Esser, Arved
name: Rinderknecht, Stephan
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Beside others, climate change and digitalization are trends of huge public interest, which highly influence the development process of future powertrain technologies. To handle these trends, new disruptive technologies are integrated into the development process. They open up space for diverse research, which is distributed over the entire vehicle design process. Recent research on this topic incorporates results for selecting and designing the powertrain topology [1–7] with their
vehicle operating strategy [8,9], as well as results for handling the reliability of new powertrain components [10–12].
Perception as a framework for human interaction with the environment- a case study of Biase LGA of Cross River State, Nigeria.pdf
Creators: name: Oyamo, Vincent  Ita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This study considered perception as a basis for human interaction with the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the remote factors, that influence human perception of the environment. A sample of 200 respondents were selected from the residents of Adim, Akpet Central, Biakpan and Betem through stratified random sampling technique….
Monotone Conditional Complexity Bounds on Future Prediction Errors
Creators: name: Chernov, Alexey
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; E.4; G.3; F.1.3

description: We bound the future loss when predicting any (computably) stochastic sequence online. Solomonoff finitely bounded the total deviation of his universal predictor M from the true distribution m by the algorithmic complexity of m. Here we assume we are at a time t>1 and already observed x=x_1...x_t. We bound the future prediction performance on x_{t+1}x_{t+2}... by a new variant of algorithmic complexity of m given x, plus the complexity of the randomness deficiency of x. The new complexity is monotone in its condition in the sense that this complexity can only decrease if the condition is prolonged. We also briefly discuss potential generalizations to Bayesian model classes and to classification problems.
description: 16 LaTeX pages
A Two-Stage Value Chain Model for Vegetable Marketing Chain Efficiency Evaluation: A Transaction Cost Approach
Creators: name: Lu, Hualiang
name: Lu, Hualiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Two-stage value chain model
subject: Data envelopment analysis
subject: Technical efficiency
subject: Transaction cost
subject: Vegetable
subject: China

description: We applied a two-stage value chain model to investigate the effects of input application and occasional transaction costs on vegetable marketing chain efficiencies with a farm household-level data set. In the first stage, the production efficiencies with the combination of resource endowments, capital and managerial inputs, and production techniques were evaluated; then at the second stage, the marketing technical efficiencies were determined under the marketing value of the vegetables for three typical marketing chains in Nanjing area, P.R. China. The impacts of the transaction costs to the supply chain technical efficiency both at the production and marketing stages were examined by using Tobit model. Study showed that transaction costs significantly impacts on vegetable marketing chain efficiency in research area. Results also revealed that the impacts of transaction costs on marketing chain efficiency differ cross chains. This paper concluded with the reduction of the various types of transaction costs incurred in the vegetable marketing chains as managerial implementations for technical efficiency improvement and farmers' income increasing.
A physiological dissection of nitrogen fluxes and pools in higher plant tissues
Creators: name: Britto, Dev Tagore
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Compartmental analysis by efflux (CAE) was used with the high-energy positron-emitting nitrogen (N) tracer ¹³N to study: 1) fluxes and compartmentation of ammonium (NH₄⁺) in leaf slices from rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. IR-72), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Max Red'), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. Trust') seedlings; and 2) fluxes and compartmentation of ammonium and nitrate(NO₃⁻) in roots of barley [Hordeum vulgare L. cv. CM-72, cv. 'Klondike') and rice seedlings. An equation set based on CAE kinetic data was developed to model underestimates in tracer influx measurements resulting from concurrent tracer efflux. Leaf-slice experiments showed that cellular fluxes and compartmentation of NH₄⁺ in leaves were similar to those in roots. NH₄⁺ efflux:influx ratios varied with plant species, in the order rice > wheat > tomato, corresponding to a declining gradient in NH₄⁺ tolerance. Fluxes in barley (ammonium-intolerant) and rice (ammonium-tolerant) roots also showed pronounced interspecific differences, particularly that at high (10 mM) external ammonium concentrations ([NH₄⁺]0), NH₄⁺ efflux, influx, and efflux:influx across the plasma membrane were 2.7,1.9, and 1.4 times higher, respectively, in barley than in rice. Much greater futile cycling of NH₄⁺ in barley was thus indicated under this condition. A Nernstian analysis of electrophysiological and compartmentation data indicated that the elevated efflux in barley was active, i.e., energy-dependent. While in barley this flux was associated with 41% higher oxygen consumption by intact barley roots at 10 mM[NH₄⁺]₀ , compared to 0.1 mM, no such difference was found in rice. Results are discussed in the context of NH₄⁺ toxicity. Half-lives (t½) of cytosolic ¹³N efflux from a wide variety of plants were independent of external [N] for a given nitrogen ion and a given plant species, and were restored within 5 min following ten-fold changes in [NH₄⁺]₀. The evident steady-state constancy in cytosolic NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ turnovers suggests a condition in which cytosolic [N] and influx are linearly related, in contrast to cytosolic potassium (K⁺) concentrations, which are held constant as external [K⁺] and K⁺ influx change. These observations suggest the presence of fundamentally different control mechanisms for cytosolic pools of the two elements.
Cube in a point cloud format
Creators: name: Santasmasas, Marta Camps
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91001 CAD/CAM Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Point cloud of a filled cube. The file contains the x, y and z coordinates of the points that form a cube of size 1.

This point cloud can be used as a geometry input for the lattice Boltzmann solver GASCANS.
Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Data
Creators: name: Leger, Andreanne
name: Leger, Andreanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Innovation
subject: intellectual property rights
subject: developing countries
subject: dynamic panel
subject: general method of moments

description: The determinants of innovation and the role of intellectual property rights in different countries are not well understood. This paper estimates the determinants of innovation using a new panel dataset. It compares different panel estimation methods appropriate for finite size samples. Past R&D investments have a positive and significant impact on current innovation, while openness to trade has a negative and significant impact on innovation in developing countries and population size has a negative and significant impact on innovation in industrialized countries. Intellectual property protection is not significant for any of the groups. We discuss econometric issues and the policy implication of these results.
Farm-Level Evidence on the Sustainable Growth Paradigm from Grain and Livestock Farms
Creators: name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Barry, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: agricultural finance
subject: asset turnover
subject: balanced growth
subject: capital structure
subject: panel corrected standard errors
subject: random-effects model
subject: sustainable growth challenge

description: This study uses the sustainable growth rate model to investigate, measure, and analyze sustainable growth rates and trends for Illinois farmers. Results of farm-level econometric analyses indicate the relevance of the sustainable growth paradigm in explaining most farm financial decisions made each year. Grain farms have shown a greater tendency to balance growth through adjustments in production efficiencies while livestock farms rely more on financial leveraging strategies. In general, our results have shown that the farm sector has adapted to positive or negative sustainable growth challenges consistent with the Higgins' model and that, from an equilibrium point of view, countercyclical measures of the sustainable growth challenge indicate that there has been always a tendency towards balanced growth.