cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Explicit form for the most general Lorentz transformation revisited
Creators: name: Haber, Howard E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explicit formulae for the $4\times 4$ Lorentz transformation matrices corresponding to a pure boost and a pure three-dimensional rotation are very well-known. Significantly less well-known is the explicit formula for a general Lorentz transformation with arbitrary nonzero boost and rotation parameters. We revisit this more general formula by presenting two different derivations. The first derivation (which is somewhat simpler than previous ones appearing in the literature) evaluates the exponential of a $4\times 4$ real matrix $A$, where $A$ is a product of the diagonal matrix ${\rm diag}(+1, -1, -1, -1)$ and an arbitrary $4\times 4$ real antisymmetric matrix. The formula for $\exp A$ depends only on the eigenvalues of $A$ and makes use of the Lagrange interpolating polynomial. The second derivation exploits the observation that the spinor product $η^\dagger\overlineσ^{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptstyle μ$}}χ$ transforms as a Lorentz four-vector, where $χ$ and $η$ are two-component spinors. The advantage of the latter derivation is that the corresponding formula for a general Lorentz transformation $Λ$ reduces to the computation of the trace of a product of $2\times 2$ matrices. Both computations are shown to yield equivalent expressions for $Λ$.
description: 26 pages; v2: typographical errors fixed and a minor improvement of notation is implemented; v3: further typographical errors fixed and a number of tweaks have been made; v4: final version, with additional edits, that (approximately) matches with the published version; one more reference (not in the published version) has been added
Shape derivatives for minima of integral functionals
Creators: name: Guy, Bouchitte
name: Ilaria, Fragala
name: Ilaria, Lucardesi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q10, 49K10, 49M29, 49J45. 49K10 49M29 49Q10, 49K10, 49M29, 49J45

description: For $Ω$ varying among open bounded sets in ${\mathbb R} ^n$, we consider shape functionals $J (Ω)$ defined as the infimum over a Sobolev space of an integral energy of the kind $\int _Ω[ f (\nabla u) + g (u) ]$, under Dirichlet or Neumann conditions on $\partial Ω$. Under fairly weak assumptions on the integrands $f$ and $g$, we prove that, when a given domain $Ω$ is deformed into a one-parameter family of domains $Ω_\varepsilon$ through an initial velocity field $V\in W ^ {1, \infty} ({\mathbb R} ^n, {\mathbb R} ^n)$, the corresponding shape derivative of $J$ at $Ω$ in the direction of $V$ exists. Under some further regularity assumptions, we show that the shape derivative can be represented as a boundary integral depending linearly on the normal component of $V$ on $\partial Ω$. Our approach to obtain the shape derivative is new, and it is based on the joint use of Convex Analysis and Gamma-convergence techniques. It allows to deduce, as a companion result, optimality conditions in the form of conservation laws.
description: Mathematical Programming, September 2013
Probing Higgs-muon interactions at a multi-TeV muon collider
Creators: name: Celada, Eugenia
name: Han, Tao
name: Kilian, Wolfgang
name: Kreher, Nils
name: Ma, Yang
name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Pagani, Davide
name: Reuter, Jürgen
name: Striegl, Tobias
name: Xie, Keping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the capabilities of a muon collider, at 3 and 10 TeV center-of-mass energy, of probing the interactions of the Higgs boson with the muon. We consider all the possible processes involving the direct production of EW bosons ($W,Z$ and $H$) with up to five particles in the final state. We study these processes both in the HEFT and SMEFT frameworks, assuming that the dominant BSM effects originate from the muon Yukawa sector. Our study shows that a Muon Collider has sensitivity beyond the LHC, as it not only relies on the Higgs-decay branching fraction to muons. A 10 TeV muon collider provides a unique sensitivity on muon and (multi-) Higgs interactions, significantly better than the 3 TeV option. We find searches based purely on multi-Higgs production to be particularly effective in probing these couplings.
description: Published on JHEP
Computing conditional entropies for quantum correlations
Creators: name: Brown, Peter
name: Fawzi, Hamza
name: Fawzi, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rates of quantum cryptographic protocols are usually expressed in terms of a conditional entropy minimized over a certain set of quantum states. In particular, in the device-independent setting, the minimization is over all the quantum states jointly held by the adversary and the parties that are consistent with the statistics that are seen by the parties. Here, we introduce a method to approximate such entropic quantities. Applied to the setting of device-independent randomness generation and quantum key distribution, we obtain improvements on protocol rates in various settings. In particular, we find new upper bounds on the minimal global detection efficiency required to perform device-independent quantum key distribution without additional preprocessing. Furthermore, we show that our construction can be readily combined with the entropy accumulation theorem in order to establish full finite-key security proofs for these protocols. In order to achieve this we introduce the family of iterated mean quantum Rényi divergences with parameters $α_k = 1+\frac{1}{2^{k}-1}$ for positive integers $k$. We then show that the corresponding conditional entropies admit a particularly nice form which, in the context of device-independent optimization, can be relaxed to a semidefinite programming problem using the Navascués-Pironio-Acín hierarchy.
description: 20 (+16) pages, 6 (+1) figures. v2: Improved numerical results and additional appendix added
Orbital-resolved DFT+U for molecules and solids
Creators: name: Macke, Eric
name: Timrov, Iurii
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Ciacchi, Lucio Colombi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an orbital-resolved extension of the Hubbard $U$ correction to density-functional theory (DFT). Compared to the conventional shell-averaged approach, the prediction of energetic, electronic and structural properties is strongly improved, particularly for compounds characterized by both localized and hybridized states in the Hubbard manifold. The numerical values of all Hubbard parameters are readily obtained from linear-response calculations. The relevance of this more refined approach is showcased by its application to bulk solids pyrite (FeS$_2$) and pyrolusite ($β$-MnO$_2$), as well as to six Fe(II) molecular complexes. Our findings indicate that a careful definition of Hubbard manifolds is indispensable for extending the applicability of DFT+$U$ beyond its current boundaries. The present orbital-resolved scheme aims to provide a computationally undemanding yet accurate tool for electronic structure calculations of charge-transfer insulators, transition-metal (TM) complexes and other compounds displaying significant orbital hybridization.
Additional file 2 of Epigenetic profiling of Italian patients identified methylation sites associated with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Creators: name: Lillo, Antonella De
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Angelis, Flavio De
name: Girolamo, Marco Di
name: Luigetti, Marco
name: Sabatelli, Mario
name: Perfetto, Federico
name: Frusconi, Sabrina
name: Manfellotto, Dario
name: Fuciarelli, Maria
name: Polimanti, Renato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Methylation change of cg09097335 site (upper panel: beta values; lower panel: M values) between i) hATTR patients (carriers of TTR amyloidogenic mutations with hATTR diagnosis) vs. controls, ii) asymptomatic carriers vs. controls, iii) V30M carriers vs. controls, and iv) carriers of other TTR mutation vs. controls. Standardized regression coefficient and p value reported for each comparison are derived from the analysis conducted on the M values.
Representation-reduced stated skein modules and algebras
Creators: name: Wang, Zhihao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any marked three manifold $(M,\mathcal N)$ and any quantum parameter $q^{\frac{1}{2}}$ (a nonzero complex number), we use $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})$ to denote the stated skein module of $(M,\mathcal{N})$. When $q^{\frac{1}{2}}$ is a root of unity of odd order, the commutative algebra $\mathscr{S}_1(M,\mathcal{N})$ acts on $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})$. For any maximal ideal $ρ$ of $\mathscr{S}_1(M,\mathcal{N})$, define $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})_ρ = \mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})\otimes _{\mathscr{S}_1(M,\mathcal{N})} (\mathscr{S}_1(M,\mathcal{N})/ρ)$. We prove the splitting map for $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})$ respects the $\mathscr{S}_1(M,\mathcal{N})$-module structure, so it reduces to the splitting map for $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})_ρ$. We prove the splitting map for $\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}(M,\mathcal{N})_ρ$ is injective if there exists at least one component of $\mathcal{N}$ such that this component and the boundary of the splitting disk belong to the same component of $\partial M$. We also prove the representation-reduced stated skein module of the marked handlebody is an irreducible Azumaya representation of the stated skein algebra of its boundary. Let $M$ be an oriented connected closed three manifold. For any positive integer $k$, we use $M_{k}$ to denote the marked three manifold obtained from $M$ by removing $k$ open three dimensional balls and adding one marking to each newly created sphere boundary component. We prove $\text{dim}_{\mathbb{C}}\mathscr{S}_{q^{1/2}}( M_{k})_ρ = 1$ for any maximal ideal $ρ$ of $\mathscr{S}_1(M_k)$.
description: title change, the update for published version, accepted by Journal of Algebra
Constraint-Informed Learning for Warm Starting Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Briden, Julia
name: Choi, Changrak
name: Yun, Kyongsik
name: Linares, Richard
name: Cauligi, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Future spacecraft and surface robotic missions require increasingly capable autonomy stacks for exploring challenging and unstructured domains, and trajectory optimization will be a cornerstone of such autonomy stacks. However, the nonlinear optimization solvers required remain too slow for use on relatively resource-constrained flight-grade computers. In this work, we turn towards amortized optimization, a learning-based technique for accelerating optimization run times, and present TOAST: Trajectory Optimization with Merit Function Warm Starts. Offline, using data collected from a simulation, we train a neural network to learn a mapping to the full primal and dual solutions given the problem parameters. Crucially, we build upon recent results from decision-focused learning and present a set of decision-focused loss functions using the notion of merit functions for optimization problems. We show that training networks with such constraint-informed losses can better encode the structure of the trajectory optimization problem and jointly learn to reconstruct the primal-dual solution while yielding improved constraint satisfaction. Through numerical experiments on a Lunar rover problem and a 3-degrees-of-freedom Mars powered descent guidance problem, we demonstrate that TOAST outperforms benchmark approaches in terms of both computation times and network prediction constraint satisfaction.
Characterizing matroids whose bases form graphic delta-matroids
Creators: name: Lee, Duksang
name: Oum, Sang-il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce delta-graphic matroids, which are matroids whose bases form graphic delta-matroids. The class of delta-graphic matroids contains graphic matroids as well as cographic matroids and is a proper subclass of the class of regular matroids. We give a structural characterization of the class of delta-graphic matroids. We also show that every forbidden minor for the class of delta-graphic matroids has at most $48$ elements.
description: 41 pages, 4 figures; revised
Frequency-Dependent Superconducting States From the Two-Time Linear Response Theory: Application To Sr$_2$RuO$_4$
Creators: name: Gingras, Olivier
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Parcollet, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possible superconducting instabilities of strongly correlated electron materials using a generalization of linear response theory to external pairing fields depending on frequency. We compute a pairing susceptibility depending on two times, allowing us to capture dynamical pairing and in particular odd-frequency solutions. We first benchmark this method on the attractive one-band Hubbard model and then consider the superconductivity of strontium ruthenate Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ within single-site dynamical mean-field theory, hence restricting ourselves to pairing states which are momentum independent in the orbital basis. The symmetry of the superconducting order parameter of this material is still debated, and local odd-frequency states have been proposed to explain some experimental discrepancies. In the temperature range studied, we find that the leading eigenvectors are odd-frequency intra-orbital spin-triplet states, while the eigenvectors with the highest predicted transition temperature correspond to even-frequency intra-orbital spin-singlet states. The latter include a state with $d$-wave symmetry when expressed in the band basis.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures + 7 Appendices: 5 pages, 7 figures
Penalization methods for the Skorokhod problem and reflecting SDEs with jumps
Creators: name: Łaukajtys, Weronika
name: Słomiński, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem of approximation of solutions of the Skorokhod problem and reflecting stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with jumps by sequences of solutions of equations with penalization terms. Applications to discrete approximation of weak and strong solutions of reflecting SDEs are given. Our proofs are based on new estimates for solutions of equations with penalization terms and the theory of convergence in the Jakubowski $S$-topology.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/12-BEJ428 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
The modified relevance questionnaire.
Creators: name: Fateye, Babasola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111501 Basic Pharmacology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The relevance questionnaire used for data collection. Modified from Hartwell M, Kaplan A. Students’ Personal Connection with Science: Investigating the Multidimensional Phenomenological Structure of Self-Relevance. J Exp Educ. 2018;86(1):86-104.
Characterization of the Hamamatsu R11265-103-M64 multi-anode photomultiplier tube
Creators: name: Cadamuro, L.
name: Calvi, M.
name: Cassina, L.
name: Giachero, A.
name: Gotti, C.
name: Khanji, B.
name: Maino, M.
name: Matteuzzi, C.
name: Pessina, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to fully characterize the new multi-anode photomultiplier tube R11265-103-M64, produced by Hamamatsu. Its high effective active area (77%), its pixel size, the low dark signal rate and the capability to detect single photon signals make this tube suitable for an application in high energy physics, such as for RICH detectors. Four tubes and two different bias voltage dividers have been tested. The results of a standard characterization of the gain and the anode uniformity, the dark signal rate, the cross-talk and the device behaviour as a function of temperature have been studied. The behaviour of the tube is studied in a longitudinal magnetic field up to 100 Gauss. Shields made of a high permeability material are also investigated. The deterioration of the device performance due to long time operation at intense light exposure is studied. A quantitative analysis of the variation of the gain and the dark signals rate due to the aging is described.
description: 22 pages
Additional file 1 of Identifying core competencies for practicing public health professionals: results from a Delphi exercise in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Bhandari, Sudip
name: Wahl, Brian
name: Bennett, Sara
name: Engineer, Cyrus Y.
name: Pandey, Pooja
name: Peters, David H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Comparing domains of frameworks of core competencies for public health professionals globally. Supplementary Table 2. Initial list of 40 competency statements across eight domains. Supplementary tables to support the conclusions of this article.
Tree pivot-minors and linear rank-width
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Konrad K.
name: Dross, François
name: Jeong, Jisu
name: Kanté, Mamadou Moustapha
name: Kwon, O-joung
name: Oum, Sang-il
name: Paulusma, Daniël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tree-width and its linear variant path-width play a central role for the graph minor relation. In particular, Robertson and Seymour (1983) proved that for every tree~$T$, the class of graphs that do not contain $T$ as a minor has bounded path-width. For the pivot-minor relation, rank-width and linear rank-width take over the role from tree-width and path-width. As such, it is natural to examine if for every tree~$T$, the class of graphs that do not contain $T$ as a pivot-minor has bounded linear rank-width. We first prove that this statement is false whenever $T$ is a tree that is not a caterpillar. We conjecture that the statement is true if $T$ is a caterpillar. We are also able to give partial confirmation of this conjecture by proving: (1) for every tree $T$, the class of $T$-pivot-minor-free distance-hereditary graphs has bounded linear rank-width if and only if $T$ is a caterpillar; (2) for every caterpillar $T$ on at most four vertices, the class of $T$-pivot-minor-free graphs has bounded linear rank-width. To prove our second result, we only need to consider $T=P_4$ and $T=K_{1,3}$, but we follow a general strategy: first we show that the class of $T$-pivot-minor-free graphs is contained in some class of $(H_1,H_2)$-free graphs, which we then show to have bounded linear rank-width. In particular, we prove that the class of $(K_3,S_{1,2,2})$-free graphs has bounded linear rank-width, which strengthens a known result that this graph class has bounded rank-width.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures; accepted to SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics
Meio século de uma paróquia rural — S. Cristóvão de Nogueira de Regedoura desde o fim do Antigo Regime ao advento do Liberalismo, através do Livro de Visitações (1789-1851)
Creators: name: Marques, João Francisco
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1993

description: Theologica, v. 28 n. 2 (1993): Avelino de Jesus da Costa: homenagem | Estudos de história religiosa
The Lorentz force law and its connections to hidden momentum, the Einstein-Laub force, and the Aharonov-Casher effect
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lorentz force of classical electrodynamics, when applied to magnetic materials, gives rise to hidden energy and hidden momentum. Removing the contributions of hidden entities from the Poynting vector, from the electromagnetic momentum density, and from the Lorentz force and torque densities simplifies the equations of the classical theory. In particular, the reduced expression of the electromagnetic force-density becomes very similar (but not identical) to the Einstein-Laub expression for the force exerted by electric and magnetic fields on a distribution of charge, current, polarization and magnetization. Examples reveal the similarities and differences among various equations that describe the force and torque exerted by electromagnetic fields on material media. An important example of the simplifications afforded by the Einstein-Laub formula is provided by a magnetic dipole moving in a static electric field and exhibiting the Aharonov-Casher effect.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 51 equations, 57 references
Topological Complexities of Finite Digital Images
Creators: name: İs, Melih
name: Karaca, İsmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Digital topological methods are often used on computing the topological complexity of digital images. We give new results on the relation between reducibility and digital contractibility in order to determine the topological complexity of a digitally connected finite digital image. We present all possible cases of the topological complexity TC of a finite digital image in Z and Z^2$. Finally, we determine the higher topological complexity TC_{n} of finite irreducible digital images independently of the number of points for n > 1.
description: 14 PAGES, 5 FIGURES
On the Hausdorff dimension of the residual set of a packing by smooth curves
Creators: name: Maio, Steven
name: Ntalampekos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 52C15, 28A78, Secondary 52A10, 28A80

description: Let a planar residual set be a set obtained by removing countably many disjoint topological disks from an open set in the plane. We prove that the residual set of a planar packing by curves that satisfy a certain lower curvature bound has Hausdorff dimension bounded away from 1, quantitatively, depending only on the curvature bound. As a corollary, the residual set of any circle packing has Hausdorff dimension uniformly bounded away from 1. This result generalizes the result of Larman, who obtained the same conclusion for circle packings inside a square. We also show that our theorem is optimal and does not hold in general without lower curvature bounds. In particular, we construct packings by strictly convex, smooth curves whose residual sets have dimension 1. On the other hand, we prove that any packing by strictly convex curves cannot have $σ$-finite Hausdorff 1-measure.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures
Supplemental Figure S1. Plot of the observed eigenvalue against the ordinal number of the components factors (x-axis).
Creators: name: Fateye, Babasola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111501 Basic Pharmacology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Figure S1. Plot of the observed eigenvalue against the ordinal number of the components factors (x-axis).
Implementation of space-division multiplexed entanglement-based quantum cryptography over multicore fiber
Creators: name: Ortega, Evelyn A.
name: Fuenzalida, Jorge
name: Dovzhik, Krishna
name: Shiozaki, Rodrigo F.
name: Alvarado-Zacarias, Juan Carlos
name: Amezcua-Correa, Rodrigo
name: Bohmann, Martin
name: Wengerowsky, Sören
name: Ursin, Rupert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication implementations require efficient and reliable quantum channels. Optical fibers have proven to be an ideal candidate for distributing quantum states. Thus, today's efforts address overcoming issues towards high data transmission and long-distance implementations. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the secret key rate enhancement via space-division multiplexing using a multicore fiber. Our multiplexing technique exploits the momentum correlation of photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We distributed polarization-entangled photon pairs into opposite cores within a 19-core multicore fiber. We estimated the secret key rates in a configuration with 6 and 12 cores from the entanglement visibility after transmission through 411 m long multicore fiber.
Additional file 2 of Identifying core competencies for practicing public health professionals: results from a Delphi exercise in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Bhandari, Sudip
name: Wahl, Brian
name: Bennett, Sara
name: Engineer, Cyrus Y.
name: Pandey, Pooja
name: Peters, David H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 2. Key informant interview guide. Interview guide to support the method of this article.
Mixed QCD-electroweak O(α_sα) corrections to Drell-Yan processes in the resonance region: pole approximation and non-factorizable corrections
Creators: name: Dittmaier, Stefan
name: Huss, Alexander
name: Schwinn, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Drell-Yan-like W-boson and Z-boson production in the resonance region allows for high-precision measurements that are crucial to carry experimental tests of the Standard Model to the extremes, such as the determination of the W-boson mass and the effective weak mixing angle. In this article, we establish a framework for the calculation of the mixed QCD-electroweak O(α_sα) corrections to Drell-Yan processes in the resonance region, which are one of the main remaining theoretical uncertainties. We describe how the Standard Model prediction can be successfully performed in terms of a consistent expansion about the resonance poles, which classifies the corrections in terms of factorizable and non-factorizable contributions. The former can be attributed to the W/Z production and decay subprocesses individually, while the latter link production and decay by soft-photon exchange. At next-to-leading order we compare the full electroweak corrections with the pole-expanded approximations, confirming the validity of the approximation. At O(α_sα), we describe the concept of the expansion and explicitly give results on the non-factorizable contributions, which turn out to be phenomenologically negligible. Our results, thus, demonstrate that for phenomenological purposes the O(α_sα) corrections can be factorized into terms associated with initial-state and/or final-state corrections. Moreover, we argue that the factorization properties of the non-factorizable corrections at O(α_sα) from lower-order O(α_s) graphs generalize to any order in O(α_s^nα).
description: 56 pages, 22 figures
Partial traces in decoherence and in interpretation: What do reduced states refer to?
Creators: name: Fortin, Sebastian
name: Lombardi, Olimpia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of the concept of reduced state is a subtle issue that has relevant consequences when the task is the interpretation of quantum mechanics itself. The aim of this paper is to argue that reduced states are not the quantum states of subsystems in the same sense as quantum states are states of the whole composite system. After clearly stating the problem, our argument is developed in three stages. First, we consider the phenomenon of environment-induced decoherence as an example of the case in which the subsystems interact with each other; we show that decoherence does not solve the measurement problem precisely because the reduced state of the measuring apparatus is not its quantum state. Second, the non-interacting case is illustrated in the context of no-collapse interpretations, in which we show that certain well-known experimental results cannot be accounted for due to the fact that the reduced states of the measured system and the measuring apparatus are conceived as their quantum states. Finally, we prove that reduced states are a kind of coarse-grained states, and for this reason they cancel the correlations of the subsystem with other subsystems with which it interacts or is entangled.
description: 26 pages
O monaquismo feminino cisterciense e a nobreza medieval portuguesa (séculos XIII-XIV)
Creators: name: Coelho, Maria Helena Da Cruz
name: Martins, Rui Cunha
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1993

description: Theologica, v. 28 n. 2 (1993): Avelino de Jesus da Costa: homenagem | Estudos de história religiosa
Semi-Supervised Learning for Sparsely-Labeled Sequential Data: Application to Healthcare Video Processing
Creators: name: Dubost, Florian
name: Hong, Erin
name: Bhaskhar, Nandita
name: Tang, Siyi
name: Rubin, Daniel
name: Lee-Messer, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Labeled data is a critical resource for training and evaluating machine learning models. However, many real-life datasets are only partially labeled. We propose a semi-supervised machine learning training strategy to improve event detection performance on sequential data, such as video recordings, when only sparse labels are available, such as event start times without their corresponding end times. Our method uses noisy guesses of the events' end times to train event detection models. Depending on how conservative these guesses are, mislabeled samples may be introduced into the training set. We further propose a mathematical model for explaining and estimating the evolution of the classification performance for increasingly noisier end time estimates. We show that neural networks can improve their detection performance by leveraging more training data with less conservative approximations despite the higher proportion of incorrect labels. We adapt sequential versions of CIFAR-10 and MNIST, and use the Berkeley MHAD and HMBD51 video datasets to empirically evaluate our method, and find that our risk-tolerant strategy outperforms conservative estimates by 3.5 points of mean average precision for CIFAR, 30 points for MNIST, 3 points for MHAD, and 14 points for HMBD51. Then, we leverage the proposed training strategy to tackle a real-life application: processing continuous video recordings of epilepsy patients, and show that our method outperforms baseline labeling methods by 17 points of average precision, and reaches a classification performance similar to that of fully supervised models. We share part of the code for this article.
Study protocol for the systematic map "Effects of land use and land cover changes on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and carbon storage in Norway: A systematic map and decision support tool"
Creators: name: Simensen, Trond
name: Grainger, Matthew
name: Nilsen, Erlend B.
name: Singsaas, Frode Thomassen
name: Stokland, Håkon
name: Sutcliffe, Thomas
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This is version 3.0 of the protocol for the systematic map "Effects of land use and land cover changes on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and carbon storage in Norway: A systematic map and decision support tool". It is an updated version of teh protocol, after tests-screening revealed a need to clarify some eligibility criteria.

The protocol is subject to review by an expert group and invited stakeholders, and will be updated based on the comments and input from the reviewer. After the protocol has been revised, a new version will be registered (published), and assigned a new doi.
Enhancement of photoacoustic detection of inhomogeneities in polymers
Creators: name: Grondona, P.
name: Di Rocco, H. O.
name: Iriarte, D. I.
name: Pomarico, J. A.
name: Ranea-Sandoval, Héctor F.
name: Bilmes, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a series of experiments on laser pulsed photoacoustic excitationin turbid polymer samples addressed to evaluate the sound speed in the samples and the presence of inhomogeneities in the bulk. We describe a system which allows the direct measurement of the speed of the detected waves by engraving the surface of the piece under study with a fiduciary pattern of black lines. We also describe how this pattern helps to enhance the sensitivity for the detection of an inhomogeneity in the bulk. These two facts are useful for studies in soft matter systems including, perhaps, biological samples. We have performed an experimental analysis on Grilon(R) samples in different situations and we show the limitations of the method.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Epigenetic profiling of Italian patients identified methylation sites associated with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Creators: name: Lillo, Antonella De
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Angelis, Flavio De
name: Girolamo, Marco Di
name: Luigetti, Marco
name: Sabatelli, Mario
name: Perfetto, Federico
name: Frusconi, Sabrina
name: Manfellotto, Dario
name: Fuciarelli, Maria
name: Polimanti, Renato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Methylation levels (M values) of cg09097335 site in carriers (cases) vs. non-carriers (controls) of amyloidogenic mutations. The regression line is shown in blue.
CFD-DEM modelling and analysis of sand screen performance in the petroleum industry
Creators: name: Ismail, Noor Ilyana Binti
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Petroleum and reservoir engineering
Chemical engineering design

description: This thesis presents a comprehensive evaluation of sand screen performance for sand control application. This is done by the combined approach of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM). It examines all the important aspects of sand screen system such as screen geometries, sand properties, screen types and fluid rheology. The particle-fluid flow and force structures in sand screens are systematically analyzed, aims to understand the fundamentals governing the sand screen performance. This study helps not only to better understand sand screens but also design, control and optimize this important flow system.
The State of Computer Vision Research in Africa
Creators: name: Omotayo, Abdul-Hakeem
name: Mbilinyi, Ashery
name: Ismaila, Lukman
name: Turki, Houcemeddine
name: Abdien, Mahmoud
name: Gamal, Karim
name: Tondji, Idriss
name: Pimi, Yvan
name: Etori, Naome A.
name: Matar, Marwa M.
name: Broni-Bediako, Clifford
name: Oppong, Abigail
name: Gamal, Mai
name: Ehab, Eman
name: Dovonon, Gbetondji
name: Akinjobi, Zainab
name: Ajisafe, Daniel
name: Adegboro, Oluwabukola G.
name: Siam, Mennatullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite significant efforts to democratize artificial intelligence (AI), computer vision which is a sub-field of AI, still lags in Africa. A significant factor to this, is the limited access to computing resources, datasets, and collaborations. As a result, Africa's contribution to top-tier publications in this field has only been 0.06% over the past decade. Towards improving the computer vision field and making it more accessible and inclusive, this study analyzes 63,000 Scopus-indexed computer vision publications from Africa. We utilize large language models to automatically parse their abstracts, to identify and categorize topics and datasets. This resulted in listing more than 100 African datasets. Our objective is to provide a comprehensive taxonomy of dataset categories to facilitate better understanding and utilization of these resources. We also analyze collaboration trends of researchers within and outside the continent. Additionally, we conduct a large-scale questionnaire among African computer vision researchers to identify the structural barriers they believe require urgent attention. In conclusion, our study offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of computer vision research in Africa, to empower marginalized communities to participate in the design and development of computer vision systems.
description: Community Work of Ro'ya Grassroots, https://ro-ya-cv4africa.github.io/homepage/. Published in JAIR,. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.06773
O testamento de Fernando Joanes de Portocarreiro, deão da Sé de Braga e prior de Guimarães (de 1272)
Creators: name: Antunes, José
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1993

description: Theologica, v. 28 n. 2 (1993): Avelino de Jesus da Costa: homenagem | Estudos de história religiosa
Non-steady state heat conduction in composite walls
Creators: name: Deconinck, Bernard
name: Pelloni, Beatrice
name: Sheils, Natalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of heat conduction in one-dimensional piecewise homogeneous composite materials is examined by providing an explicit solution of the one-dimensional heat equation in each domain. The location of the interfaces is known, but neither temperature nor heat flux are prescribed there. Instead, the physical assumptions of their continuity at the interfaces are the only conditions imposed. The problem of two semi-infinite domains and that of two finite-sized domains are examined in detail. We indicate also how to extend the solution method to the setting of one finite-sized domain surrounded on both sides by semi-infinite domains, and on that of three finite-sized domains.
description: 25 pages + 7 page appendix (electronic supplementary material)
The process of constructing new knowledge: an undergraduate laboratory exercise facilitated by a vacuum capacitor-resistor circuit
Creators: name: Kowalski, F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of constructing knowledge is typically taught to students by having them reproduce established results (e.g., homework problems). An alternative pedagogical strategy is to illustrate this process using an open problem, such as voltage decay in an RC circuit as described below. Analyzing data from this circuit in an undergraduate physics laboratory course reveals a discrepancy between the data and the exponential decay model found in textbooks. As students attempt to reconcile this discrepancy, the instructor can provide guidance in the process of validating data, modeling, and experimental design. This undergraduate laboratory exercise also provides an engaging transition from classroom learning to real world experience.
Additional file 3 of Epigenetic profiling of Italian patients identified methylation sites associated with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Creators: name: Lillo, Antonella De
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Angelis, Flavio De
name: Girolamo, Marco Di
name: Luigetti, Marco
name: Sabatelli, Mario
name: Perfetto, Federico
name: Frusconi, Sabrina
name: Manfellotto, Dario
name: Fuciarelli, Maria
name: Polimanti, Renato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Methylation change of cg13139646 site between V30M carriers vs. controls (upper panel: beta values; bottom panel: M values). Standardized regression coefficient and p value reported for each comparison are derived from the analysis conducted on the M values.
Unmasking and Quantifying Racial Bias of Large Language Models in Medical Report Generation
Creators: name: Yang, Yifan
name: Liu, Xiaoyu
name: Jin, Qiao
name: Huang, Furong
name: Lu, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models like GPT-3.5-turbo and GPT-4 hold promise for healthcare professionals, but they may inadvertently inherit biases during their training, potentially affecting their utility in medical applications. Despite few attempts in the past, the precise impact and extent of these biases remain uncertain. Through both qualitative and quantitative analyses, we find that these models tend to project higher costs and longer hospitalizations for White populations and exhibit optimistic views in challenging medical scenarios with much higher survival rates. These biases, which mirror real-world healthcare disparities, are evident in the generation of patient backgrounds, the association of specific diseases with certain races, and disparities in treatment recommendations, etc. Our findings underscore the critical need for future research to address and mitigate biases in language models, especially in critical healthcare applications, to ensure fair and accurate outcomes for all patients.
O domínio da Sé de Braga em terras de Chaves na Idade Média. O contributo do liber fidei
Creators: name: Veloso, Maria Teresa N.
name: Marques, Maria Alegria F.
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1993

description: Theologica, v. 28 n. 2 (1993): Avelino de Jesus da Costa: homenagem | Estudos de história religiosa
calculus: High Dimensional Numerical and Symbolic Calculus in R
Creators: name: Guidotti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.4
subject: 68-04

description: The R package calculus implements C++ optimized functions for numerical and symbolic calculus, such as the Einstein summing convention, fast computation of the Levi-Civita symbol and generalized Kronecker delta, Taylor series expansion, multivariate Hermite polynomials, high-order derivatives, ordinary differential equations, differential operators and numerical integration in arbitrary orthogonal coordinate systems. The library applies numerical methods when working with R functions or symbolic programming when working with characters or expressions. The package handles multivariate numerical calculus in arbitrary dimensions and coordinates and implements the symbolic counterpart of the numerical methods whenever possible, without depending on external computer algebra systems. Except for Rcpp, the package has no strict dependencies in order to provide a stable self-contained toolbox that invites re-use.
Additional file 6 of Epigenetic profiling of Italian patients identified methylation sites associated with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Creators: name: Lillo, Antonella De
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Angelis, Flavio De
name: Girolamo, Marco Di
name: Luigetti, Marco
name: Sabatelli, Mario
name: Perfetto, Federico
name: Frusconi, Sabrina
name: Manfellotto, Dario
name: Fuciarelli, Maria
name: Polimanti, Renato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Methylation changes of co-methylated cg13139646-correlated CpG sites with respect to hATTR-related phenotypes: cg19203115, hATTR patients vs. asymptomatic carriers; cg11481443, cases vs. controls; cg02936398, cases vs. controls; cg14311811, hATTR patients vs. asymptomatic carriers; cg27392998, cardiac involvement in hATTR patients; cg18038361, cardiac involvement in hATTR patients; cg16492377, carpal tunnel syndrome in hATTR patients; cg14719951, peripheral nervous system involvement in hATTR patients.
De-identifying Australian Hospital Discharge Summaries: An End-to-End Framework using Ensemble of Deep Learning Models
Creators: name: Liu, Leibo
name: Perez-Concha, Oscar
name: Nguyen, Anthony
name: Bennett, Vicki
name: Jorm, Louisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) contain clinical narrative text that is of great potential value to medical researchers. However, this information is mixed with Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that presents risks to patient and clinician confidentiality. This paper presents an end-to-end deidentification framework to automatically remove PII from Australian hospital discharge summaries. Our corpus included 600 hospital discharge summaries which were extracted from the EMRs of two principal referral hospitals in Sydney, Australia. Our end-to-end de-identification framework consists of three components: 1) Annotation: labelling of PII in the 600 hospital discharge summaries using five pre-defined categories: person, address, date of birth, individual identification number, phone/fax number; 2) Modelling: training six named entity recognition (NER) deep learning base-models on balanced and imbalanced datasets; and evaluating ensembles that combine all six base-models, the three base-models with the best F1 scores and the three base-models with the best recall scores respectively, using token-level majority voting and stacking methods; and 3) De-identification: removing PII from the hospital discharge summaries. Our results showed that the ensemble model combined using the stacking Support Vector Machine (SVM) method on the three base-models with the best F1 scores achieved excellent results with a F1 score of 99.16% on the test set of our corpus. We also evaluated the robustness of our modelling component on the 2014 i2b2 de-identification dataset. Our ensemble model, which uses the token-level majority voting method on all six basemodels, achieved the highest F1 score of 96.24% at strict entity matching and the highest F1 score of 98.64% at binary token-level matching compared to two state-of-the-art methods.
Asymptotic behavior and distributional limits of preferential attachment graphs
Creators: name: Berger, Noam
name: Borgs, Christian
name: Chayes, Jennifer T.
name: Saberi, Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an explicit construction of the weak local limit of a class of preferential attachment graphs. This limit contains all local information and allows several computations that are otherwise hard, for example, joint degree distributions and, more generally, the limiting distribution of subgraphs in balls of any given radius $k$ around a random vertex in the preferential attachment graph. We also establish the finite-volume corrections which give the approach to the limit.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOP755 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)