cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Software tools for molecule-based kinetic modeling of complex systems
Creators: name: Hou, Zhen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Modeling complex process chemistries with complex feedstocks involves several aspects: composition modeling of the complex feedstock, reaction modeling of the complex chemistry, and structure property correlations to provide feed and product property estimation. This thesis was developed to automate these modeling techniques and to provide an integrated approach for combing these modeling aspects into a continuous package.  The first contribution of this thesis is the development of an automated composition modeling tool called the composition model editor (CME). CME uses a statistical hybrid approach to describe a complex feedstock in terms of a set of structural attributes expressed by probability density functions (PDF). Through optimizing a limited set of attribute PDF parameters, CME can obtain a molecular composition array (MCA) for a feedstock based on limited analytical information. The second contribution of this thesis is the development of a series of automated techniques that are useful for reaction modeling. Firstly, an attribute reaction modeling (ARM) approach is developed for complex process chemistries. ARM can condense a kinetic model by allowing the number of ODEs to be far less than the number of species for a complex system, while maintaining the full molecular detail of the model. Secondly, reaction family and LFER concepts are used to control the number of kinetic parameters for a complex model. Thirdly, the ability to impose LHHW rate law allows for heterogeneous systems involving with catalysts. Last but not least, various process configurations are addressed to satisfy the kinetic modeling for complex process chemistries. The third and final contribution of this thesis is the creation of a structure correlation module used to provide data support for kinetic modeling as well as composition modeling. Group contribution methods and the quantum chemistry package are applied to estimate thermodynamic properties. A supplemental database is developed to manage property data in a high efficient way. The above contributions were then successfully applied to the development of detailed kinetic and feedstock models for complex process chemistries, including complex feedstock characterizations, lignin pyrolysis, and resid pyrolysis.
Experimental mathematics applied to the study of non-linear recurrences
Creators: name: Hogan, Emilie Ann
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis we study three topics within the broad fi eld of nonlinear recurrences. First we will consider global asymptotic stability in rational recurrences. A recurrence is globally asymptotically stable when the sequence it produces converges to an equilibrium solution given any initial conditions. Up to now, this topic has not been studied from an algorithmic perspective. We develop an algorithm that takes as input a rational recurrence relation conjectured to be globally asymptotically stable, and, if it is, outputs a rigorous proof of its stability. We apply this algorithm to many speci c rational recurrences.    Secondly, we study a three-parameter family of rational recurrences that produce sequences of integers. We apply two methods to prove the integrality of these sequences. We fi rst show that some of the sequences also satisfy a linear recurrence. In order to establish integrality of the entire family we make use of the Laurent phenomenon.    Finally, we develop a new concept that generalizes the notion of a recurrence. Instead of producing a single sequence, we produce in finitely many sequences from one set of initial conditions. We will study two families of this type of generalized recurrences that produce rational numbers when complex numbers are expected. We also observe exponential sequences being produced by some of these generalized recurrences.
Palaeocybium proosti
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Scombridae
Palaeocybium
Palaeocybium proosti

description: Palaeocybium proosti (Storms, 1897)
Fig. 64 A–I
Cybium proosti Storms, 1897: 242, figs 1–2.
Cybium proosti – Leriche 1905: 79, 150, 192, pl. 10, fig. 2.
Cybium sp. – Case 1981: 2, fig. 17.
Cybium proosti – Case 1986: 6, figs 10–11.
Acanthocybium proosti – Weems 1999: 66, pl. 4.6, fig. g.
Palaeocybium proosti – Monsch 2005: 460.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 6 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group; ALMNH PV1989.4.130, MSC 37423, MSC 38433, MSC 38500.1–2, MSC 37194.4.
Description
Teeth lanceolate, measuring up to 6.15 mm in height. Anterior and posterior carinae sharp, smooth, convex; carinae extend to tooth base, form rounded apex. Labial and lingual faces bi-convex, of equal dimension, smooth. Tooth base slightly thickened, with deep pulp cavity.
Remarks
The specimens in our sample compare well to Palaeocybium proosti (Storms, 1897) teeth reported from Europe and North America (see Casier 1946; Kemp et al. 1990; Weems 1999). Palaeocybium proosti was originally placed within Cybium, a genus that is now regarded as a junior synonym of Scomberomorus Lacépède, 1802 (see Bannikov 1982; Collette 2003). Weems (1999) placed this morphology within Acanthocybium Gill, 1862 based on two partial dentaries from the Nanjemoy Formation in Virginia, suggesting it was a primitive species within the genus. Monsch (2005) later noted that Storms’ (1897) type specimen has two rows of teeth on the dentary, an inner and outer, which is a characteristic that distinguishes the proosti morphology from the dentitions of Acanthocybium and Scomberomorus. As a result, Monsch (2005) placed the proosti species within a new genus, Palaeocybium.
Teeth of Palaeocybium are conspicuously thicker than morphologically similar teeth of Sphyraena (see above), and they have a larger and deeper pulp cavity. The Palaeocybium teeth in our sample were differentiated from those of Scomberomorus (see below) by having carinae that extend to the base of the teeth, they have a symmetrical basal outline (with carinae visible) and are not basally constricted.
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
The specimens in our sample were collected from the contact of the Tallahatta and Lisbon formations at site ACov-11, the basal Gosport Sand at site ACl-4, and the Gosport Sand at site ACh-21. Lower Lutetian to middle Bartonian, zones NP14 to NP17.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 173-175, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Підхід до прогнозування зовнішнього державного боргу України
Creators: name: Разінькова, М. Ю.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: борг, зовнішній державний борг, прогнозування, невизначеність, моделі, підхід, держава

description: Ефективно налагоджена система прогнозування є важливим інструментом забезпечення сталого економічного розвитку та запобігання кризовим явищам, викликаним надмірним зростанням зовнішнього боргу. Водночас неточні прогнози зовнішнього боргу можуть мати серйозні наслідки для фінансової стабільності та економічного розвитку країни. Метою статті визначено розробку підходу для коротко– та середньострокового прогнозування зовнішнього державного боргу, завдяки якому можливою стане мінімізація фінансових ризиків. Наведено моделі, що використовуються найчастіше при аналізі часових рядів. Наведено результати прогнозу зовнішнього державного боргу України (на основі лінії тренду, методом експоненціального згладжування, на основі авторегресійної моделі). Побудована корелограма зовнішнього державного боргу України. Наведено науково–методичний підхід до прогнозування зовнішнього державного боргу України. Екстраполяція лінії тренду є простим методом прогнозування державного зовнішнього боргу з використанням лінійного підходу. Цей підхід може бути ефективним у стабільних умовах, але може недооцінювати складну динаміку, яка характеризує економічну ситуацію в країні.  Використання експоненціального згладжування дозволяє врахувати вагу значень даних. Цей метод особливо корисний для визначення діапазону тенденцій змін. Однак він може бути чутливим до раптових коливань, які не є рідкістю в економічних процесах, особливо в ситуаціях невизначеності і, зокрема, економічних криз.   Використання моделей ARMA відображає можливість розглянути як структурні, так і стохастичні аспекти часових рядів зовнішнього боргу. Цей підхід найбільш близький до реальності, але обмежується короткостроковими прогнозами. Прогнозування державного боргу в умовах військового конфлікту потребує врахування ряду факторів та розгляду можливих стратегій управління фінансами та реагування на зовнішні та внутрішні економічні виклики. Аналіз прикладів і використання економетричних моделей допомагають розробляти точніші прогнози в невизначених умовах військових дій.
title: Mitigation and Optimization of Induced Seismicity Using Physics-Based Forecasting
Creators: name: Hill, Ryley G.
name: Weingarten, Matthew
name: Langenbruch, Cornelius
name: Fialko, Yuri
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: raton basin
subject: induced seismicity
subject: optimization
subject: seismic hazard
subject: hazard mitigation
subject: poroelastic
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Fluid injection can induce seismicity by altering stresses on pre-existing faults. Here, we investigate minimizing induced earthquake potential by optimizing injection operations in a physics-based forecasting framework. We built a 3D finite element model of the poroelastic crust for the Raton Basin, Central US, and used it to estimate time dependent Coulomb stress changes due to ~25 years of wastewater injection in the region. Our finite element model is complemented by a statistical analysis of the seismogenic index (SI), a proxy for critically stressed faults affected by variations in the pore pressure. Forecasts of seismicity rate from our hybrid physics-based statistical model suggest that induced seismicity in the Raton Basin, from 2001 to 2022, is still driven by wastewater injection despite declining injection rates since 2011. Our model suggests that pore pressure diffusion is the dominant cause of Coulomb stress changes at seismogenic depth, with poroelastic stress changes contributing about 5% to the driving force. Linear programming optimization for the Raton Basin reveals that it is feasible to reduce earthquake potential for a given amount of injected fluid (safety objective) or maximize fluid injection for a prescribed earthquake potential (economic objective). The optimization tends to spread out high-rate injectors and shift them to regions of lower SI. The framework has practical importance as a tool to manage injection rate per unit field area to reduce induced earthquake potential. Our optimization framework is both flexible and adaptable to mitigate induced earthquake potential in other regions and for other types of subsurface fluid injection.
The metaphysics of interpretation
Creators: name: Hepola, Allison Jill
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: In The Metaphysics of Interpretation, I explore the ontological issues surrounding fictional characters, literary works, and literary interpretation. My central claim is that if one accepts a certain position on the ontology of fictional characters and literary works –artifactualism – then, under certain circumstances, the misinterpretation of a literary work will result in the full-fledged destruction of that work. Some related matters that are studied include: realism about fictional characters, artifactualism’s implications for thedebate between textualism and constructivism, the seeming temporal “gappiness” of literary works, and the question of validity in interpretation.
Didymocheton rufus
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton rufus

description: 41. Didymocheton rufus (A.Rich.) Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 19bI: 157. 1940
≡ Hartighsea rufa A.Rich. in Dumont d’ Urville, Voy. Astrolabe 2: 29. 1834 ≡ Dysoxylum rufum (A.Rich.) Benth., Fl. Austral. 1: 382. 1863 – Holotype: Australia, Queensland: Moreton Bay, Fraser s.n. (P barcode P06743385!).
Distribution. – Eastern Australia.
Note. – See also Mabberley (2013b: 26).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1262, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Didymocheton sessilis Kosterm.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton sessilis

description: 42. Didymocheton sessilis (Miq.) Kosterm. in Reinwardtia 7: 437. 1969
≡ Dysoxylum sessile Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot.
Lugduno-Batavi 4: 15. 1868 – Lectotype (designated by Kostermans in Reinwardtia 7: 437. 1969): Indonesia, Moluccas, Ceram, Saparua, Teijsmann HB1915 (U barcode U 0004337!).
Distribution. – N & C Moluccas, Indonesia.
Notes. – See also Mabberley (1995b: 66). This is a remarkable pachycaul treelet (Mabberley, 1995b: fig. 10) with flagelliform inflorescences and fruits with irritant hairs, all like those of Chisocheton sect. Clemensia. In Meliaceae, the locellate anthers present in this species, Didymocheton gaudichaudianus, D. nutans and D. phaeotrichus, are otherwise known only in Chisocheton, but D. sessilis has anatropous, rather than the orthotropous ovules found in Chisocheton, and is marked by the seven orbicular bracteoles passing imperceptibly into the five sepals, a feature found only in some other species of Didymocheton. The narrow distribution of this pachycaul species by comparison with the wide ones of its leptocaul allies is mirrored in Chisocheton (Mabberley, 1979b: 270, figs. 5 & 6), as predicted by Corner’ s Durian Theory (Corner, 1949, 1967).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1262, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Scomberomorus Lacepede 1802
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Scombridae
Scomberomorus

description: Genus Scomberomorus Lacépède, 1802
Type species
Scomber regalis Bloch, 1793, Recent.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 175, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Regulation of cytokine production in pulmonary inflammation
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Repeated exposure to either firsthand or second-hand tobacco smoke results in the development or worsening of asthma. In early life, children of mothers who smoke have a higher incidence of wheezing illness, elevated serum immunoglobulin (IgE) and greater airway responsiveness to allergen challenge. Children exposed postpartum to secondhand smoke have an increased risk for persistent wheezing and atopic disease, especially allergic asthma.Allergic asthma is a pulmonary disease in which acute episodes of bronchial obstruction occur in conjunction with an underlying persistent abnormality in response to allergen challenge. A cardinal feature of allergic asthma is bronchial hypersensitivity and airway inflammation, and a correlation between IgE level and severity or occurrence of asthma, especially in children. Many cell types present in the lungs of asthmatics are capable of binding IgE via the lung affinity IgE binding protein (receptor). This receptor is upregulated on white blood cells, platelets, inflammatory cells and alveolar macrophages (scavenger cells) of asthmatics. It is believed that allergens initiate an asthmatic process by triggering IgE-bearing pulmonary inflammatory cells to release various mediators that can attract and stimulate additional inflammatory cells, resulting in bronchoconstriction, increased airway resistance and worsening asthma.Accumulation of evidence reveals that immunostimulatory synthetic oligonucleotides (ISS) potentially suppress this response via induced proteins (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins. For example, in a mouse model of allergic asthma, ISS inhibited airway hypersensitivity and allergic inflammation by activating macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DC) to produce cytokines that inhibit synthesis of IgE and other mediators of bronchoconstriction, thereby playing a pivotal role in suppressing allergic response. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ISS-mediated effects are not yet identified.We plan to investigate the molecular components that are involved in the ISS-mediated inhibition of IgE secretion by inflammatory cells. Putative important players are transcription factors, active protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF-kB), which regulate the synthesis of many other proteins that are important for suppressing the inflammatory response. Exactly how ISS activate AP-1 and NF-kB is not clear. The knowledge gained from detailed information of the mechanisms will allow us to develop better DNA vaccination-based immunotherapy for inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.
Aulagromyza luteoscutellata
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Aulagromyza
Aulagromyza luteoscutellata

description: Aulagromyza luteoscutellata (de Meijere)
Material examined. MASSACHUSETTS: Nantucket Co., Nantucket, Dead Horse Valley, 6.xi.2017, em. 26– 30.iv.2018, C.S. Eiseman, ex Lonicera morrowii, # CSE4440, CNC1135691–1135692 (1♁ 1♀).
Hosts. Caprifoliaceae: [Lonicera canadensis J.Bartram & W.Bartram ex Marshall], L. morrowii A.Gray, L. tatarica L., [Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F.Blake] (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Leaf mine. Widening, linear, sometimes becoming contorted; filled centrally with diffuse green frass. In some cases the egg is inserted near the leaf margin and the larva at first follows the margin toward the apex, but mines are frequently formed away from the leaf margin.
Puparium. Yellow to yellowish-brown; formed outside the mine.
Phenology and voltinism. Previous North American records of this species have documented larvae feeding in May and June in New York and Massachusetts (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018; Scheffer & Lonsdale 2018), and early July in Ontario (Spencer 1969), with adults emerging within a month in each case. Spencer & Steyskal (1986) gave a date of 13 September for specimens reared in Wisconsin, but it is unclear whether this was the collection or emergence date. Our new specimens from Massachusetts were collected as larvae in early November, overwintered as pupae, and emerged as adults about a month after removal from refrigeration.
Distribution. USA: MA, [MN], NY, WI; Canada: AB?, ON, QC; Europe (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Comments. Although the new specimens do not represent a new host or distribution record, the presence of larvae actively feeding in early November is noteworthy. Agromyza pseudoreptans (discussed above) is the only other agromyzid we can recall actively mining leaves in New England as late as November.
The only hosts of Aulagromyza luteoscutellata confirmed by rearing in North America are invasive honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.) introduced from the Palearctic. Further rearing from native Caprifoliaceae will be needed to clarify the host ranges and leaf mine characteristics of Aulagromyza known or suspected to feed on these plants, which include seven described species and two undescribed (known only from females).
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Il Messaggero No. 1175, March 27, 1936
Creators: name: Kahan, Irving
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1936

description: Local information pertaining to Paterson, N.J. and surrounding Passaic County.   Issues may include events, government, business, political cartoons, engagement and marriage announcements, and birth announcements.  This paper was titled Il Messaggero from 1904 until September 22, 1938, when it became The Messenger.
Scomberomorus stormsi
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Scombridae
Scomberomorus
Scomberomorus stormsi

description: Scomberomorus stormsi (Leriche, 1905)
Fig. 64 S–AA
Cybium stormsi Leriche, 1905: 151, pl. 10, fig. 3.
Scomberomorus stormsi – Bannikov 1982: 135.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 12 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group; MSC 37126, MSC 37512.1 – 2, MSC 38974.1 – 3, MSC 38977, SC 2012.47.248 (5 specimens).
Description
Teeth measuring up to 1.0 cm high, 5.0 mm wide. Crown medially curved, biconvex; medial face more convex than lateral face; faces with thin layer of enameloid; enameloid smooth or finely striated basally. Crown bicarinate; carinae smooth, sharp, not reaching the tooth base; basal half of carinae straight, nearly parallel; tapering to point apically. Basal part of tooth more cylindrical, appears constricted below end of carinae. Tooth base with ovate outline, weak pulp cavity.
Remarks
Scomberomorus stormsi (Leriche, 1905) and S. bleekeri (Storms, 1892) are coeval within Eocene strata (Casier 1946, 1966; Weems 1999), but the former can be differentiated from the latter by being more ovate in basal view and being twice as high as wide. The teeth of S. stormsi can also exhibit longitudinal striations on the labial and lingual faces. This species can be differentiated from teeth of Palaeocybium proosti and Sphyraena sp. in having carinae that do not reach the tooth base, a much smaller pulp cavity than P. proosti, and a labiolingually thicker crown than Sphyraena sp.
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
The specimens in our sample were collected from the lower Tallahatta Formation at site ADl-1, the contact of the Tallahatta and Lisbon formations and the basal Lisbon Formation at site ACov-11, and the basal Gosport Sand at site ACl-15. Upper Ypresian to middle Bartonian, zones NP14 to NP17.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 176, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Aulagromyza orbitalis
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Aulagromyza
Aulagromyza orbitalis

description: Aulagromyza orbitalis (Melander)
Material examined. OKLAHOMA: Payne Co., Mehan, 36.013839°, -96.998103°, 24.iv.2017, em. 22.iv.2018, M.W. Palmer, ex Symphoricarpos orbiculatus, # CSE4424, CNC1144117 (1♀); WASHINGTON: Thurston Co., Olympia, Centralia Western Trail at 45th Ave., 29.ix.2017, em. 19.ii.2018, E. Stansbury, ex Symphoricarpos albus, # CSE4606, CNC1135596 (1♁).
Hosts. Caprifoliaceae: Diervilla lonicera Mill., Lonicera dioica L., L. sempervirens L., Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F.Blake, S. mollis Nutt., S. * orbiculatus Moench, S. rotundifolius A.Gray., Triosteum aurantiacum E.P.Bicknell; a mine possibly of this species found on T. perfoliatum L. (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Leaf mine. Variously placed on the upper surface; green to yellowish-green or whitish; in some cases linear throughout, in others widening to a more or less distinct blotch (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018). On some hosts the frass tends to be regularly deposited in alternating, closely spaced particles or streaks in the narrow linear portion, but on Symphoricarpos orbiculatus it is indistinct or diffuse throughout.
Puparium. Yellowish-brown to brown; formed outside the mine.
Phenology and voltinism. Our Oklahoma females were collected as larvae in late April and emerged as adults the following spring; a full-year diapause was also reported by Spencer (1969) for a female collected as a larva in Alberta in early June. Otherwise, adults have emerged within a few weeks from larvae collected in North Carolina in April, and from Alberta, Iowa, and Massachusetts in June (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018). Our new Washington specimens were collected as larvae in late September, emerging after overwintering.
Distribution. USA: CA, IA, ID, KS, MA, MI, NC, *OK, WA; Canada: AB, MB (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Didymocheton stellatopuberulus Harms
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton stellatopuberulus

description: 43. Didymocheton stellatopuberulus (C.DC.) Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 19bI: 157. 1940
≡ Dysoxylum stellatopuberulum C.DC. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 3: 167. 1903 – Holotype: Papua New Guinea, Forbes 525 (G barcode G00352472!).
Distribution. – New Guinea.
Note. – See also Mabberley (1995b: 73).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1262, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Smoking and echogenicity of the arterial intima
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study (LAAS) is a study of the development of the disease known as atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries (the large arteries that feed the brain and head). The cohort of middle aged adults includes an enlarged number of smokers so that the effects of smoking on atherosclerosis can be investigated with greater precision. Atherosclerosis is a disease of the artery wall that leads to most heart attacks and strokes. Change in an indicator of atherosclerosis (thickness of the two inner layers of arteries, the intima-media thickness, or IMT) has been measured noninvasively at 18 month intervals in the carotid arteries with 2-dimensional ultrasound. These repeated observations on the same participants have yielded a new look into the emergence of an effect of smoking and other factors on atherosclerosis in humans.

 An effect of smoking on thickening of the inner two layers of the artery wall emerges in men, on average, in the age range 40-45 years. Emergence of a smoking effect in women is delayed until, on average, age 55-60 years. This delay in women is presumably due to protective factors associated with pre-menopausal hormones. The factors that delay a smoking effect on thickening of the artery wall in younger ages in men and women remain to be elucidated.

 Current 2-dimensional ultrasound measurement of the carotid artery focuses on the combined intimal and medial layers. Atherosclerosis only involves thickening of the inner most layer (the intimal layer) of the artery wall.

 A more desirable measurement of arterial wall thickening, from the perspective of studying the progress of atherosclerosis, would involve the measurement of intimal layer itself. The proposed study involves using a newly developed technique for computer processing of an ultrasound image to measure the thickness of the intima, separate from the media. The project involves re-processing the videotapes of repeated scans on 573 persons to determine the relations between this new measure and smoking. This new measurement may reveal new information concerning the causes and time-course of atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease in response to smoking.

 If the new measurement of intimal thickness proves to be superior to the current measurement of arterial wall thickness, then it may be feasible to use this measure for individual diagnosis and tracking. The current measurement is appropriate primarily for measurement of groups of persons.
The process of imperial decision-making from Augustus to Trajan
Creators: name: Hicks, Benjamin Wesley
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Previous studies of Roman imperial decision-making have largely viewed the structure of imperial government either through the lens of the later Principate or of the consilium principis. This dissertation instead focuses on the early Principate, the era when the first emperors established patterns that shaped the growing imperial governmental and bureaucratic apparatus.   It examines decision-making as a process, tracing the handling of problems of state and law from the provincial governor to the implementation of the emperor’s decisions. The evidence of Pliny the Younger’s letters from Bithynia-Pontus make him the subject of the first component of this study, which uses social network theory to examine the flow of information both within an imperial province and between emperor and governor, wherein the governor acted as a filter through which information flowed to the emperor. Turning to the actual deliberation on decisions, this same consideration of social networks reveals that the consilium principis, whose position between court and petitioner allowed it to function as the node between two “cliques,” played a central role in mediating the tensions between ruler and subject while fulfilling a particularly Roman need to legitimate the acta of magistrates through consultative decision-making.   The final major portion of the decision-making process involves the implementation of those self-same decisions. Precedent and informational insecurity proved a significant challenge to Roman imperial governance. The relatively broad swath of imperial power, which combined legislative, judicial, and executive authority, resulted in a system where both decisions and their implementation in any instant case could produce a precedent. As becomes evident in the examination of legal and epigraphic sources, the bureaucratic means to cope with the potential snares of this system developed slowly with the growth of imperial record-keeping mechanisms stemming from the precedent of a magistrate’s semi-private collection of his commentarii rather than the public records of the aerarium and tabularium.  This study concludes that the imperial decision-making apparatus as a whole grew out of Roman, distinctly republican precedents adapted to fit the reality of empire and supports its findings with an appendix of representative imperial decisions.
Role of released ATP in cardiovascular effects of nicotine
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Users of tobacco have an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases. These are thought to be referable to the nicotine in tobacco smoke. Nicotine acts by stimulating receptors on nerve cells that lead to the secretion of the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE). Thus, conventional wisdom holds that the cardiovascular effects of nicotine result from excess norepinephrine, although studies establishing a detailed mechanism from NE release to cardiovascular disease are generally lacking. Previous studies neglect that NE is stored and released with another putative neurotransmitter, ATP. NE and ATP can act synergistically and possibly antagonistically on cells of the cardiovascular system. I propose to study effects of ATP + NE on transmembrane signalling in isolated cardiac cells (ventricular myocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle) cells. I will also assess activity and induction/repression of relevant proteins/enzymes in each cell type.

 The data will establish whether ATP plays a role in the cardiovascular effects of nicotine (preliminary data suggest important interactions of NE and ATP) and will form the basis of a more focussed and detailed proposal in the future.

 Understanding the biochemical and physiologic complexity of signals elicited by nicotine will offer new ways to block responses or ameliorate effects as well as teaching us about signal integration in cardiovascular cells.
Investigating the use of autonomic cloudbursts within the MapReduce framework
Creators: name: Hegde, Samprita
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Today MapReduce framework is increasingly becoming a popular programming paradigm for data intensive computing, especially when there is ad-hoc data to be processed. In MapReduce programming paradigm, computation is done in two stages - a map stage and a reduce stage. The users simply have to provide a ‘map’ and a ‘reduce’ function and the underlying framework handles parallelizing and distributing the computation to worker nodes. Currently, the existing MapReduce frameworks work like a batch processing system where the cluster size is assumed to be static. We have developed a new objective-based scheduler which:   1. Provides  both deadline and budget based scheduling capability   2. Provides cloudbursting capability where a computation can “burst” out to cloud whenever the existing datacenter is not capable of meeting the objective.    Using these features, it is possible to run any MapReduce application subject to a user objective on any existing cluster by leveraging utility cloud resources. In this thesis, we use the Comet coordination engine and the MapReduce framework which is built on top of Comet Engine. The new autonomic scheduler works with the MapReduce Framework and manages the cluster as well as cloud in order to meet computation requirements. We have investigated the use of cloudbursting for MapReduce applications. We found that it is possible to run the application subject to both time and budget based objectives and successfully complete a job by efficiently using datacenter as well as cloud infrastructures.
Enumerating by pointing to locations
Creators: name: Haladjian, Harry Haroutioun
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The fast and accurate enumeration of a small set of objects, called subitizing, is thought to involve a different mechanism from other numerosity judgments, such as those based on estimation. The underlying mechanism for small-set enumeration was examined by using a novel “pointing” task that also obtains information about the perceived locations of enumerated objects. Observers were shown brief masked displays (50, 200, and 350 ms) of 2-9 small black discs randomly placed on a gray screen. The observers then placed markers on a blank screen to indicate the locations of these discs. The number of these markers provided an estimate of enumeration accuracy. Observers could “enumerate” accurately displays containing up to six items in contrast with the four-item limit typically found. Experiment 2 replicated this lower limit by asking observers to report numerosity using cardinal symbols. Here, enumeration performance was better in the pointing task than the numeral report task. Experiments 3-5 presented alternative control tasks in addition to the pointing task. Results from these experiments indicate overall better enumeration performance in the pointing task, which suggests a non-symbolic response method produces a higher subitizing range.    To characterize the mechanism underlying the pointing task, we examined the errors in the memory for object locations. Localization error was measured as the distance between corresponding stimulus discs and response markers. These errors increased in magnitude with larger numerosities and shorter display durations. Responses also indicated a compression of distances around the center of mass. Additionally, stimulus displays with higher regularity in the spacing between discs produced better enumeration and localization performance. Overall, the localization results indicate spatial information can be represented with a rough accuracy that improves when increasing exposure time to the stimulus or reducing the number of items that must be remembered. In contrast, enumeration performance showed few errors in the same range (2-6 items). Together, these results support the possibility that the Visual Indexing mechanism assists small-set enumeration by individuating and selecting discrete objects without necessarily encoding detailed information about these objects.
Envisioning progressive communities
Creators: name: Hampson Eget, Patricia Louise
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation examines women’s role in racial politics and metropolitan development in Montclair, New Jersey and Berkeley, California between 1920 and 1970.  It employs a variety of primary sources including oral history interviews, organization records, personal records, U.S. census data, newspaper articles, memoirs, and minutes from city council and board of education meetings.  The dissertation finds that women transformed Montclair and Berkeley from racially segregated into politically liberal communities that residents declared provided models of racial integration as they worked to implement their community visions.  Moreover, women’s community investment forestalled the possibility of white flight, ensuring that Berkeley and Montclair remained multi-racial and differentiating Berkeley and Montclair’s racial politics from those of large cities or racially homogeneous suburbs.
A new molecular approach for predicting lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Human lung is the most sensitive and specific target organ for environmental pollutants including environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) i.e. involuntary or passive smoking. Cigarette smoking is considered to be the major cause of lung cancer. According to the most recent estimates, tobacco smoking contributed to the death of 400,000 people in the United States in 1990, accounting for 19% of all deaths. Since only 5-7% of long-term smokers are estimated to develop lung cancer, it appears that genetic and other host factors might play a role in individual susceptibility to this disease. Although the presence of over 4, 000 chemical in cigarette smoke makes the precise identification of carcinogenic chemicals difficult, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-nitrosamines are believed to be the major cancer causing chemicals present in the smoke. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are converted to the ultimate carcinogenic derivatives by a group of enzymes called cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Higher expression of one of the CYPs called CYP1A1 has been implicated with the initiation of lung cancer.

 The non-invasive human biological material available to assess the activity of this enzyme (CYP1A1) include blood, urine, hair and nails. Hence there is a need for more readily obtainable research material that can give measurable and reproducible results. Several studies have indicated that the expression of this enzyme in lymphocytes does not reflect a true measure of the enzyme activity present in the lung. Therefore we propose that we shall measure the expression of this enzyme using hair follicles of two strains of mice which are “Ah responsive” (i.e., they produce CYP1A1 in response to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and “Ah nonresponsive” (do not induce CYP1A1 in response to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons).

 Therefore we shall develop a system in which we can use hair follicles of mice and show that these hair follicles reflect the expression of CYP1A1 in the lung. These investigations, if successful, can eventually be applied to humans and may form the basis of a non-invasive test to predict individuals’ susceptibility to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced lung cancer.
Gymnosarda Gill 1862
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Scombridae
Gymnosarda

description: Genus Gymnosarda Gill, 1862
Type species
Thynnus (Pelamis) unicolor Rüppell, 1836, Recent, Red Sea.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 177, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Dermo disease on Martha’s Vineyard
Creators: name: Green-Beach, Emma
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Dermo is a lethal disease of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), and causes widespread mortality throughout most of its range.  The pathogen is a protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus (Levine 1978). Despite its impact on oysters, there is little evidence demonstrating the development of resistance in wild oyster populations.  On the island of Martha’s Vineyard off the coast of Massachusetts, four wild oyster populations inhabit separate coastal ponds with varying histories of P. marinus exposure.  Two complementary studies were performed using these oyster populations to evaluate responses to Dermo disease: one study monitored disease levels to detect phenotypic response, and the other assessed genotypic differences that are the result of natural selection following disease exposure. The first study tested the hypothesis that different patterns and levels of Dermo disease correlated to exposure history.  Disease prevalence and intensity were monitored using Ray’s Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (RFTM) assay during the 2008 and 2009 summer seasons.  One population remained uninfected. The infected populations experienced different patterns of Dermo that indicated the influence of factors such as salinity, water temperature, and the breaching of barrier beaches separating the ponds from the ocean, but did not correspond to exposure history. The second study used putatively neutral and Dermo resistance-linked microsatellite markers to test the hypothesis that genetic divergence from the uninfected control population increases with duration of Dermo-mediated selection.  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to genotype the oysters for both types of markers.  Population analysis with resistance markers revealed a general increase in divergence of infected populations from the unselected population over time, whereas neutral markers showed little divergence and no correlation with Dermo exposure history. One pairwise differentiation with the resistance markers, however, showed no correlation to selection time, suggesting that the influence of other factors on selection dynamics can be important.  This research indicates that, while wild oyster populations may develop genetics-based resistance to Dermo disease with time, there are many biological and physical factors that may alter the realization of disease resistance.