cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining Gravity with Eccentric Gravitational Waves: Projected Upper Bounds and Model Selection
Creators: name: Moore, Blake
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves allow us to test general relativity in the highly dynamical regime. While current observations have been consistent with waves emitted by quasi-circular binaries, eccentric binaries may also produce detectable signals in the near future with ground- and space-based detectors. We here explore how tests of general relativity scale with the orbital eccentricity of the source during the inspiral of compact objects up to $e \sim 0.8$. We use a new, 3rd post-Newtonian-accurate, eccentric waveform model for the inspiral of compact objects, which is fast enough for Bayesian parameter estimation and model selection, and highly accurate for modeling moderately eccentric inspirals. We derive and incorporate the eccentric corrections to this model induced in Brans-Dicke theory and in Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity at leading post-Newtonian order, which suggest a straightforward eccentric extension of the parameterized post-Einsteinian formalism. We explore the upper limits that could be set on the coupling parameters of these modified theories through both a confidence-interval- and Bayes-factor-based approach, using a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo and a trans-dimensional, reversible-jump, Markov-Chain Monte Carlo method. We find projected constraints with signals from sources with $e \sim 0.4$ that are one order of magnitude stronger than that those obtained with quasi-circular binaries in advanced LIGO. In particular, eccentric gravitational waves detected at design sensitivity should be able to constrain the Brans-Dicke coupling parameter $ω\gtrsim 3300$ and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter $α^{1/2} \lesssim 0.5 \; {\rm{km}}$ at 90% confidence. Although the projected constraint on $ω$ is weaker than other current constraints, the projected constraint on $α^{1/2}$ is 10 times stronger than the current gravitational wave bound.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Quenched Disorder Distributions in Three-Dimensional Diluted Ferromagnets
Creators: name: Janke, W.
name: Berche, P. -E.
name: Chatelain, C.
name: Berche, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional 4-state Potts ferromagnet subject to quenched, random bond dilution. For small dilutions the rather strong first-order phase transition of the pure system is found to persist, whereas for larger dilutions the theoretically expected softening to a continuous transition is confirmed. The properties of the underlying disorder distributions of thermal observables are discussed and illustrated with a few selected examples.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX, 4 Postscript figures, Author Information under http://www.physik.uni-leipzig.de/CQT
Scaling-up participation at USAID
Creators: name: Corneille, Faith
name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Public Administration and Development
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Since the 1970s many non‐governmental development organisations have moved away from top‐down modes of operation toward participatory practices that hand over decision‐making power to the poor. The bilateral development agencies of the industrialised states have been slower to follow suit, but in the 1980s and 1990s a number of such agencies also initiated participatory‐oriented reforms. Development scholars have paid little attention to reforms of the larger organisations. In this article, we analyse the efforts of the United States Agency for International Development to embrace participation in the 1990s. Internal reformers managed to change some agency procedures but had only limited success in institutionalising participatory practices. Forces internal to the agency, including rigid rules and employee incentive structures, hampered reform efforts. Also, while some developments external to the agency facilitated participation, many others, including legislative interference and shifting national policy priorities, hindered change toward participation. The case reveals how complex webs of accountability relationships make participatory‐oriented transformation a cumbersome process in large development organisations. Change towards participation can succeed, but only if reformers acknowledge and consider existing institutional constraints.
Innovative Approach for Urban Stream Restoration
Creators: name: Sainis, Kosta
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Nonlinear evolution of dark matter and dark energy in the Chaplygin-gas cosmology
Creators: name: Bilic, Neven
name: Lindebaum, Robert J.
name: Tupper, Gary B.
name: Viollier, Raoul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hypothesis that dark matter and dark energy are unified through the Chaplygin gas is reexamined. Using generalizations of the spherical model which incorporate effects of the acoustic horizon we show that an initially perturbative Chaplygin gas evolves into a mixed system containing cold dark matter-like gravitational condensate.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, substantial revision, title changed, content changed, added references, to appear in JCAP
PROCEEDİNGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC PRACTICAL CONFERENCE GENETIC DISEASES CONSEQUENCES AND TREATMENT: PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
Creators: name: Southern Caucasus Media Group
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60406 Genetic Immunology
subject: 60499 Genetics not elsewhere classified
subject: 60407 Genome Structure and Regulation
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: PROCEEDİNGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFICPRACTICAL CONFERENCE GENETIC DISEASES CONSEQUENCES AND TREATMENT:
 PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVESAZERBAIJAN, BAKU MARCH 13-14, 2020
HATS-47b, HATS-48Ab, HATS-49b and HATS-72b: Four Warm Giant Planets Transiting K Dwarfs
Creators: name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Bakos, G. Á.
name: Bento, J.
name: Bhatti, W.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Csubry, Z.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Penev, K.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Sarkis, P.
name: Suc, V.
name: de Val-Borro, M.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Crane, J. D.
name: Shectman, S.
name: Teske, J. K.
name: Wang, S. X.
name: Butler, R. P.
name: Lázár, J.
name: Papp, I.
name: Sári, P.
name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Hellier, C.
name: West, R. G.
name: Barkaoui, K.
name: Pozuelos, F. J.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Nielsen, L.
name: Lendl, M.
name: Udry, S.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, S.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Christiansen, Jessie
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Smith, Jeffrey C.
name: Ting, Eric B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of four transiting giant planets around K dwarfs. The planets HATS-47b, HATS-48Ab, HATS-49b, and HATS-72b have masses of $0.369_{-0.021}^{+0.031}$ $M_{J}$, $0.243_{-0.030}^{+0.022}$ $M_{J}$, $0.353_{-0.027}^{+0.038}$ $M_{J}$ and $0.1254\pm0.0039$ $M_{J}$, respectively, and radii of $1.117\pm0.014$ $R_{J}$, $0.800\pm0.015$ $R_{J}$, $0.765\pm0.013$ $R_{J}$, and $0.7224\pm0.0032$ $R_{J}$, respectively. The planets orbit close to their host stars with orbital periods of $3.9228$ d, $3.1317$ d, $4.1480$ d and $7.3279$ d, respectively. The hosts are main sequence K dwarfs with masses of $0.674_{-0.012}^{+0.016}$ $M_{\odot}$, $0.7279\pm0.0066$ $M_{\odot}$, $0.7133\pm0.0075$ $M_{\odot}$, and $0.7311\pm0.0028$ $M_{\odot}$ and with $V$-band magnitudes of $V = 14.829\pm0.010$, $14.35\pm0.11$, $14.998\pm0.040$ and $12.469\pm0.010$. The Super-Neptune HATS-72b (a.k.a.\ WASP-191b and TOI 294.01) was independently identified as a transiting planet candidate by the HATSouth, WASP and TESS surveys, and we present a combined analysis of all of the data gathered by each of these projects (and their follow-up programs). An exceptionally precise mass is measured for HATS-72b thanks to high-precision radial velocity (RV) measurements obtained with VLT/ESPRESSO, FEROS, HARPS and Magellan/PFS. We also incorporate TESS observations of the warm Saturn-hosting systems HATS-47 (a.k.a. TOI 1073.01), HATS-48A and HATS-49. HATS-47 was independently identified as a candidate by the TESS team, while the other two systems were not previously identified from the TESS data. The RV orbital variations are measured for these systems using Magellan/PFS. HATS-48A has a resolved $5.\!\!^{\prime\prime}4$ neighbor in Gaia~DR2, which is a common-proper-motion binary star companion to HATS-48A with a mass of $0.22$ $M_{\odot}$ and a current projected physical separation of $\sim$1,400 au.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 32 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables
Scaling-up participation at USAID
Creators: name: Corneille, Faith
name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Since the 1970s many non‐governmental development organisations have moved away from top‐down modes of operation toward participatory practices that hand over decision‐making power to the poor. The bilateral development agencies of the industrialised states have been slower to follow suit, but in the 1980s and 1990s a number of such agencies also initiated participatory‐oriented reforms. Development scholars have paid little attention to reforms of the larger organisations. In this article, we analyse the efforts of the United States Agency for International Development to embrace participation in the 1990s. Internal reformers managed to change some agency procedures but had only limited success in institutionalising participatory practices. Forces internal to the agency, including rigid rules and employee incentive structures, hampered reform efforts. Also, while some developments external to the agency facilitated participation, many others, including legislative interference and shifting national policy priorities, hindered change toward participation. The case reveals how complex webs of accountability relationships make participatory‐oriented transformation a cumbersome process in large development organisations. Change towards participation can succeed, but only if reformers acknowledge and consider existing institutional constraints.
Girls Vs. Boys: A Grounded Theory on Why Female Students Outperform Male Students in a Regular High School Setting
Creators: name: Amurao, Andy Vincent
name: Castillano, Rio Louisse
name: Ilan, Aisha Marielle
name: Jacinto, Alexis
name: Padrinao, Juan Mattheu
name: Felipe, Naomi Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80709 Social and Community Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 160806 Social Theory
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Motivation is often viewed by people as the 'key to success', an inspiration that would guide you to achieve a better future. It is seen as a pre-requisite and a necessary element for student engagement in learning not only an end in itself but is also a means to the end of students achieving sound academic outcomes (Russell, Ainley & Frydenberg, 2005; Ryan & Deci, 2009). As the study of BIrgen (2007) concluded, students who are motivated in class excel more and tend to be high achievers. Not only that, but motivation also has a positive impact where it can be of use to measure the expected level of performance each student can give. In addition, it was also concluded that there is a strong correlation between motivation and the academic performance of students that serves as a motivating factor in their improvement that will help them attain a higher level of education.
Education, on the other hand, is often regarded as the key to the future, and since the dawn of history, it has been one of the more important facets of human life, wherein for some countries, having a proper education defines ones‘ position in the social hierarchy of our ever-evolving society. It is the process of developing the capacities and potentials of the individual so as to prepare one individual to be successful in a specific society or culture. It is constant, on-going and continues throughout life. (Goni, Yagana, Ali, & Bularafa, 2015)
Throughout time, the educational system has undergone massive changes. Once only available to the male gender, it has been expanded to include females through the effort of numerous historical figures seeing the importance of universal education. The supposed superior performance of females over males at high school and other levels appears to be growing international phenomenon. Educational statistics and worldwide media have reported a clear gender gap in academic achievement between males and females with boys lagging behind girls in terms of subject grades, secondary school graduation, and tertiary level enrollment and completion (Clark, Lee, Goodman, &Yacco, 2008; Parker, Van Zanden, & Parker, 2018).
Testing Moduli and Flavon Dynamics with Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Ding, Gui-Jun
name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scalar Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions (NSI) induced by moduli or flavon exchange between electrons and neutrinos. In a region with non-vanishing electron number density, they are known to determine a shift of the neutrino mass matrix. We review and extend the relevant formalism, and we update the existing limits on electron and neutrino scalar couplings. We explore the observability of scalar NSI in models of lepton masses based on flavour symmetries. We analyze models where the scalar couplings are constrained either by abelian symmetries or by modular invariance. We highlight regions of the parameter space where observable effects can occur.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
The effect of morphology on the superconductor-insulator transition in 1-D nanowires
Creators: name: Bollinger, A. T.
name: Rogachev, A.
name: Remeika, M.
name: Bezryadin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of morphology on the low temperature behavior of superconducting nanowires of length $\approx$100 nm. A well-defined superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) is observed only in homogenous wires, in which case the transition occurs when the normal resistance is close to $h/4e^2$. Inhomogeneous wires, on the other hand, exhibit a mixed behavior, such that signatures of the superconducting and insulating regimes can be observed in the same sample. The resistance versus temperature curves of inhomogeneous wires show multiple steps, each corresponding to a weak link constriction (WLC) present in the wire. Similarly, each WLC generates a differential resistance peak when the bias current reaches the critical current of the WLC. Due to the presence of WLCs an inhomogeneous wire splits into a sequence of weakly interacting segments where each segment can act as a superconductor or as an insulator. Thus the entire wire then shows a mixed behavior.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of The efficacy of exergaming in people with major neurocognitive disorder residing in long-term care facilities: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Swinnen, Nathalie
name: Vandenbulcke, Mathieu
name: Eling D. De Bruin
name: Akkerman, Riekje
name: Stubbs, Brendon
name: Firth, Joseph
name: Vancampfort, Davy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A first- and second-order motion energy analysis of peripheral motion illusions leads to further evidence of ‘‘feature blur’’ in Peripheral Vision
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Knight, Emily J.
name: Lu, Zhong-Lin
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Background: Anatomical and physiological differences between the central and peripheral visual systems are well documented. Recent findings have suggested that vision in the periphery is not just a scaled version of foveal vision, but rather is relatively poor at representing spatial and temporal phase and other visual features. Shapiro, Lu, Huang, Knight, and Ennis (2010) have recently examined a motion stimulus (the ‘‘curveball illusion’’) in which the shift from foveal to peripheral viewing results in a dramatic spatial/temporal discontinuity. Here, we apply a similar analysis to a range of other spatial/temporal configurations that create perceptual conflict between foveal and peripheral vision. Methodology/Principal Findings: To elucidate how the differences between foveal and peripheral vision affect superthreshold vision, we created a series of complex visual displays that contain opposing sources of motion information. The displays (referred to as the peripheral escalator illusion, peripheral acceleration and deceleration illusions, rotating reversals illusion, and disappearing squares illusion) create dramatically different perceptions when viewed foveally versus peripherally. We compute the first-order and second-order directional motion energy available in the displays using a threedimensional Fourier analysis in the (x, y, t) space. The peripheral escalator, acceleration and deceleration illusions and rotating reversals illusion all show a similar trend: in the fovea, the first-order motion energy and second-order motion energy can be perceptually separated from each other; in the periphery, the perception seems to correspond to a combination of the multiple sources of motion information. The disappearing squares illusion shows that the ability to assemble the features of Kanisza squares becomes slower in the periphery. Conclusions/Significance: The results lead us to hypothesize ‘‘feature blur’’ in the periphery (i.e., the peripheral visual system combines features that the foveal visual system can separate). Feature blur is of general importance because humans are frequently bringing the information in the periphery to the fovea and vice versa.
Inclusive Dijet Production at Low Bjorken-x in Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dijet production in deep inelastic ep scattering is investigated in the region of low values of the Bjorken-variable x (10^-4 < x < 10^-2) and low photon virtualities Q^2 (5 < Q^2 < 100 GeV^2). The measured dijet cross sections are compared with perturbative QCD calculations in next-to-leading order. For most dijet variables studied, these calculations can provide a reasonable description of the data over the full phase space region covered, including the region of very low x. However, large discrepancies are observed for events with small separation in azimuth between the two highest transverse momentum jets. This region of phase space is described better by predictions based on the CCFM evolution equation, which incorporates k_t factorized unintegrated parton distributions. A reasonable description is also obtained using the Color Dipole Model or models incorporating virtual photon structure.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables
Innovative remotely-controlled bending device for thin silicon and germanium crystals
Creators: name: De Salvador, D.
name: Carturan, S.
name: Mazzolari, A.
name: Bagli, E.
name: Bandiera, L.
name: Durighello, C.
name: Germogli, G.
name: Guidi, V.
name: Klag, P.
name: Lauth, W.
name: Maggioni, G.
name: Romagnoni, M.
name: Sytov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Steering of negatively charged particle beams below 1 GeV has demonstrated to be possible with thin bent silicon and germanium crystals. A newly designed mechanical holder was used for bending crystals, since it allows a remotely-controlled adjustment of crystal bending and compensation of unwanted torsion. Bent crystals were installed and tested at the MAMI Mainz MIcrotron to achieve steering of 0.855-GeV electrons at different bending radii. We report the description and characterization of the innovative bending device developed at INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL).
QUANTIFYING AND MANAGING RISK IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Eidman, Vernon T.
name: Eidman, Vernon T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The purpose of this paper is to review relevant portions of the risk literature and propose an agenda of applied risk research. More specifically, the paper discusses the major sources of risk in agriculture, summarizes several methods of quantifying risk, summarizes the literature on estimates of agricultural producers' risk preferences, and briefly discusses alternative methods to manage risk. The applied research agenda given in the final section is included to promote discussion of ways that we can aid decision makers apply what has been learned. The discussion focuses on these topics as they relate to agricultural producing units. Many of the same procedures can be applied to firms in processing and distribution as well as to the analysis of aggregate policy issues. The comments are developed from experience, primarily in the United States, and based on work in other areas of the world.
Optical replication techniques for image slicers
Creators: name: Schmoll, J.
name: Robertson, D. J.
name: Dubbeldam, C. M.
name: Yao, J.
name: Bortoletto, F.
name: Pina, L.
name: Hudec, R.
name: Prieto, E.
name: Norrie, C.
name: Ramsay-Howat, S.
name: Preuss, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Smart Focal Planes (SmartFP) activity is a European Joint Research Activity funded to develop novel optical technologies for future large telescope instrumentation. In this paper, we will discuss the image slicer developments being carried out as part of this initiative. Image slicing technique s have many applications in the plans for instrumentation on Extremely Large Telescopes and will be central to the delivery of the science case. A study of a virtual "multi-object multi-ifu spectrograph and imager" (MOMSI) for a hypothetical OWL-class telescope reveals the need for focal plane splitting, deployable imagers and very small beam steering elements like deployable IFUs. The image slicer workpackage, lead from Durham University in collaboration with LFM Bremen, TNO Delft, UKATC Edinburgh, CRAL Lyon, LAM Marseille, Padua University and REFLEX Prague, is evaluating technologies for manufacturing micro optics in large numbers to enable multi-object integral field spectroscopy.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the Durham Integral Field Spectroscopy workshop 2005 July 04-08. REPLACEMENT (Sep 29): Author list updated
Coulomb Blockade in a Silicon/Silicon-Germanium Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Klein, L. J.
name: Slinker, K. A.
name: Truitt, J. L.
name: Goswami, S.
name: Lewis, K. L. M.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: van der Weide, D. W.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Blick, R. H.
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Tahan, Charles
name: Joynt, Robert
name: Eriksson, M. A.
name: Chu, J. O.
name: Ott, J. A.
name: Mooney, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the fabrication and electrical characterization of a single electron transistor in a modulation doped silicon/silicon-germanium heterostructure. The quantum dot is fabricated by electron beam lithography and subsequent reactive ion etching. The dot potential and electron density are modified by laterally defined side gates in the plane of the dot. Low temperature measurements show Coulomb blockade with a single electron charging energy of 3.2 meV.
description: Typos corrected; to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett
Enhancing the robustness of dynamical decoupling sequences with correlated random phases
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen-Yu
name: Casanova, Jorge
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the addition of correlated phases to the recently developed method of randomized dynamical decoupling pulse sequences [Physical Review Letters 122, 200403 (2019)] can improve its performance in quantum sensing. In particular, by correlating the relative phases of basic pulse units in dynamical decoupling sequences, we are able to improve the suppression of the signal distortion due to $π$ pulse imperfections and spurious responses due to finite-width $π$ pulses. This enhances selectivity of quantum sensors such as those based on NV centers in diamond.
'The Bill, the whole Bill and nothing but the Bill': The 1831 General Election in Cumberland
Creators: name: A Mullett, Michael
name: M Mullett, Lorna
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2022

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 21, 197-214
description: The British General Election of 1831 paved the way for the passage of the Reform Act of 1832, which remodelled the parliamentary representation of constituencies on more equal numerical grounds and awarded the franchise to new strata of the middle classes. This article, which is based on the hitherto un-researched collection of the Graham Mss held in the Cumbria Archive Centre, Carlisle, as well as contemporaneous newspaper sources, charts the pivotal role of the Cumberland electorate in a contest which resulted in a major displacement of the previously dominant Lowther interest - that was, in turn, a crucial aspect of the gradual erosion of the parliamentary power of the English peerage. The archival sources we have researched present the evidence from a Whig vantage point so that the Lowther/Tory position is not, by any means, fully represented in what follows.
Third order parametric downconversion: a stimulated approach
Creators: name: Dominguez-Serna, Francisco A.
name: U'Ren, Alfred B.
name: Garay-Palmett, Karina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process of seeded, or stimulated, third-order parametric down-conversion, as an extension of our previous work on spontaneous parametric downconversion (TOSPDC). We present general expressions for the spectra and throughputs expected for the cases where the seed field or fields overlap either only one or two of the TOSPDC modes, and also allow for both pump and seed to be either monochromatic or pulsed. We present a numerical study for a particular source design, showing that doubly-overlapped seeding can lead to a considerably greater generated flux as compared with singly-overlapped seeding. We furthermore show that doubly-overlapped seeding permits stimulated emission tomography for the reconstruction of the three-photon TOSPDC joint spectral intensity. We hope that our work will guide future experimental efforts based on the process of third-order parametric downconversion.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Physical Review A
title: Cellular Mechanisms of Adaptive Immune Reconstitution Following Human Bone Marrow Transplantation
Creators: name: Roberto, Alessandra
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: Successful immune reconstitution decreases morbidity and mortality following human bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Unmanipulated haploidentical BMT followed by post-transplant cyclophosphamide (pt-Cy) has recently been introduced not only to provide a donor for nearly all patients lacking an HLA-matched donor, but also to improve immune competence through the transfer of adaptive immune cells with the graft. However, the mechanisms of reconstitution and the Cy-effect on transferred immune cells remain unknown. Here, we investigated the dynamics of B and T cell reconstitution in this setting and provide evidence that they follow two different mechanisms. Adoptively-transferred mature B cells fail to persist in the recipient and the recovering B cells derive from a de novo differentiation process from haematopoietic stem cells or B cell precursors. They display an immature/transitional phenotype in the early weeks post-transplant and then progress through four differentiation stages identified by CD5 and CD21 expression, including a novel CD5-CD21- stage of transitional differentiation. Mature, naive B cells later replace transitional cells and predominate in the B cell compartment for 6 months. In contrast, transferred naive T cells (TN) preferentially survive Cy compared to memory cells. TN rapidly differentiate into T memory stem cells endowed with superior reconstitution capacity within days post-infusion and later contribute to peripheral reconstitution by differentiating into effectors. Similarly, pathogen-specific memory T cells generated detectable recall responses but only in the presence of the cognate antigen. Therefore, T cell immunity is at least in part preserved following pt-Cy and may act as a first line of defence against reactivating pathogens and residual tumor cells. Differently, B cell immunity is generated de novo and takes at least 6 months to phenotypically resemble that of healthy donors. Overall, these findings define the cellular basis of adaptive immune reconstitution process and shed light on basic aspects of T and B cell differentiation and persistence.
A first- and second-order motion energy analysis of peripheral motion illusions leads to further evidence of ‘‘feature blur’’ in Peripheral Vision
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Knight, Emily J.
name: Lu, Zhong-Lin
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Background: Anatomical and physiological differences between the central and peripheral visual systems are well documented. Recent findings have suggested that vision in the periphery is not just a scaled version of foveal vision, but rather is relatively poor at representing spatial and temporal phase and other visual features. Shapiro, Lu, Huang, Knight, and Ennis (2010) have recently examined a motion stimulus (the ‘‘curveball illusion’’) in which the shift from foveal to peripheral viewing results in a dramatic spatial/temporal discontinuity. Here, we apply a similar analysis to a range of other spatial/temporal configurations that create perceptual conflict between foveal and peripheral vision. Methodology/Principal Findings: To elucidate how the differences between foveal and peripheral vision affect superthreshold vision, we created a series of complex visual displays that contain opposing sources of motion information. The displays (referred to as the peripheral escalator illusion, peripheral acceleration and deceleration illusions, rotating reversals illusion, and disappearing squares illusion) create dramatically different perceptions when viewed foveally versus peripherally. We compute the first-order and second-order directional motion energy available in the displays using a threedimensional Fourier analysis in the (x, y, t) space. The peripheral escalator, acceleration and deceleration illusions and rotating reversals illusion all show a similar trend: in the fovea, the first-order motion energy and second-order motion energy can be perceptually separated from each other; in the periphery, the perception seems to correspond to a combination of the multiple sources of motion information. The disappearing squares illusion shows that the ability to assemble the features of Kanisza squares becomes slower in the periphery. Conclusions/Significance: The results lead us to hypothesize ‘‘feature blur’’ in the periphery (i.e., the peripheral visual system combines features that the foveal visual system can separate). Feature blur is of general importance because humans are frequently bringing the information in the periphery to the fovea and vice versa.
Using weighting algorithms to refine source direction determinations in all-sky gravitational wave burst searches with two-detector networks II: The case of elliptical polarization
Creators: name: McClain, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I expand on the results of a recent work in which a novel weighting algorithm was shown to substantially increase the accuracy of an old, non-Bayesian computational approach for inferring the source direction of a gravitational wave from the output of a two-detector network. While that work was limited to the consideration of circularly polarized gravitational waves, the current analysis shows that the same approach is even more successful when applied to the generic case of elliptically polarized gravitational waves.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1805.01309
Feature- and face-exchange illusions : New insights and applications for the study of the binding problem
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Caplovitz, Gideon P.
name: Dixon, Erica L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The binding problem is a longstanding issue in vision science: i.e., how are humans able to maintain a relatively stable representation of objects and features even though the visual system processes many aspects of the world separately and in parallel? We previously investigated this issue with a variant of the bounce-pass paradigm, which consists of two rectangular bars moving in opposite directions; if the bars are identical and never overlap, the motion could equally be interpreted as bouncing or passing. Although bars of different colors should be seen as passing each other (since the colors provide more information about the bars' paths), we found “Feature Exchange”: observers reported the paradoxical perception that the bars appear to bounce off of each other and exchange colors. Here we extend our previous findings with three demonstrations. “Peripheral Feature-Exchange” consists of two colored bars that physically bounce (they continually meet in the middle of the monitor and return to the sides). When viewed in the periphery, the bars appear to stream past each other even though this percept relies on the exchange of features and contradicts the information provided by the color of the bars. In “Face-Exchange” two different faces physically pass each other. When fixating centrally, observers typically report the perception of bouncing faces that swap features, indicating that the Feature Exchange effect can occur even with complex objects. In “Face-Go-Round,” one face repeatedly moves from left to right on the top of the monitor, and the other from right to left at the bottom of the monitor. Observers typically perceive the faces moving in a circle—a percept that contradicts information provided by the identity of the faces. We suggest that Feature Exchange and the paradigms used to elicit it can be useful for the investigation of the binding problem as well as other contemporary issues of interest to vision science.
Additional file 2 of The efficacy of exergaming in people with major neurocognitive disorder residing in long-term care facilities: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Swinnen, Nathalie
name: Vandenbulcke, Mathieu
name: Eling D. De Bruin
name: Akkerman, Riekje
name: Stubbs, Brendon
name: Firth, Joseph
name: Vancampfort, Davy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Non-BPS Walls and Their Stability in 5D Supersymmetric Theory
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Maru, Nobuhito
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact solution of non-BPS multi-walls is found in supersymmetric massive T^\star(\mathbb{CP}^1) model in five dimensions. The non-BPS multi-wall solution is found to have no tachyon. Although it is only metastable under large fluctuations, we can give topological stability by considering a model with a double covering of the T^\star(\mathbb{CP}^1) target manifold. The {\cal N}=1 supersymmetry preserved on the four-dimensional world volume of one wall is broken by the coexistence of the other wall. The supersymmetry breaking is exponentially suppressed as the distance between the walls increases.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, references added, citation modified, final version to appear in NPB
Feature- and face-exchange illusions : New insights and applications for the study of the binding problem
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Caplovitz, Gideon P.
name: Dixon, Erica L.
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The binding problem is a longstanding issue in vision science: i.e., how are humans able to maintain a relatively stable representation of objects and features even though the visual system processes many aspects of the world separately and in parallel? We previously investigated this issue with a variant of the bounce-pass paradigm, which consists of two rectangular bars moving in opposite directions; if the bars are identical and never overlap, the motion could equally be interpreted as bouncing or passing. Although bars of different colors should be seen as passing each other (since the colors provide more information about the bars' paths), we found “Feature Exchange”: observers reported the paradoxical perception that the bars appear to bounce off of each other and exchange colors. Here we extend our previous findings with three demonstrations. “Peripheral Feature-Exchange” consists of two colored bars that physically bounce (they continually meet in the middle of the monitor and return to the sides). When viewed in the periphery, the bars appear to stream past each other even though this percept relies on the exchange of features and contradicts the information provided by the color of the bars. In “Face-Exchange” two different faces physically pass each other. When fixating centrally, observers typically report the perception of bouncing faces that swap features, indicating that the Feature Exchange effect can occur even with complex objects. In “Face-Go-Round,” one face repeatedly moves from left to right on the top of the monitor, and the other from right to left at the bottom of the monitor. Observers typically perceive the faces moving in a circle—a percept that contradicts information provided by the identity of the faces. We suggest that Feature Exchange and the paradigms used to elicit it can be useful for the investigation of the binding problem as well as other contemporary issues of interest to vision science.
DEMAND EQUATIONS FOR SELECTED SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
Creators: name: Bowmaker, P. A.
name: Nieuwoudt, W. L.
name: Bowmaker, P. A.
name: Nieuwoudt, W. L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: A set of demand equations for 18 South African agricultural products, representing three demand systems (red meats, fruits and vegetables), were estimated from monthly data for the period December 1982 to February 1988. Data were deflated with a commodity price index and natural logarithmic partial adjustment equations were estimated with two-stage least squares to determine demand parameters for each product. Theoretically expected results were obtained and, owing to variability in seasonal data, results were generally highly significant. Beef is confirmed as the dominant commodity in the red meat market, having cross-price flexibilities with mutton and pork of 0,30 and 0,20, respectively. All goods other than pumpkins are shown to be normal and fruits and vegetables (having many substitutes) are shown to be demand elastic. All products are normal goods, with the exception of pumpkins (income flexibility of -0,74), which are inferior. Apples and pineapples were found to be the dominant fruits and onions, tomatoes and cabbages had the most significant cross-price effects on the system of vegetable demand equations.
High Performance Heat Conductor with Small Spring Constant for Cryogenic Applications
Creators: name: Yamada, Tomohiro
name: Tomaru, Takayuki
name: Suzuki, Toshikazu
name: Ushiba, Takafumi
name: Kimura, Nobuhiro
name: Takada, Suguru
name: Inoue, Yuki
name: Kajita, Takaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a soft and high thermal conductive heat link for cryogenic applications. The measured maximum thermal conductivity was approximately 18500 W/m/K at 10 K. This spring constant was 1/43 of that of a single thick wire with the same cross-sectional area at room temperature. We realized these performances by utilizing high purity aluminum (99.9999 %, 6N) and by stranding many thin wires that are 0.15 mm in diameter. The electrical Residual Resistivity Ratio (RRR) was also measured and used to estimate the thermal conductivity by Wiedemann-Franz law. We observed the size effect on the electrical conductivity, and evaluated the effect of mechanical deformation to the RRR. These evaluations allow us to design a pragmatic heat link for cryogenic application.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Surface modes and multi-power law structure in the early-time response of magnetic targets
Creators: name: Weichman, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35P25

description: It was recently demonstrated [P. B. Weichman, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 91}, 143908 (2003)] that the scattered electric field from highly conducting targets following a rapidly terminated electromagnetic pulse displays a universal $t^{-1/2}$ power law divergence at early time. It is now shown that for strongly permeable targets, $μ_c/μ_b \gg 1$, where $μ_b$ is the background magnetic permeability, the early time regime separates into two distinct power law regimes, with the early-early time $t^{-1/2}$ behavior crossing over to $t^{-3/2}$ at late-early time, reflecting a spectrum of magnetic surface modes. The latter is confirmed by data from ferrous targets where $μ_c/μ_b = {\cal O}(10^2)$, and for which the early-early time regime is invisibly narrow.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 4 of The efficacy of exergaming in people with major neurocognitive disorder residing in long-term care facilities: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Swinnen, Nathalie
name: Vandenbulcke, Mathieu
name: Eling D. De Bruin
name: Akkerman, Riekje
name: Stubbs, Brendon
name: Firth, Joseph
name: Vancampfort, Davy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4.
1990 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FARM BILL
Creators: name: Van Der Vyver, A.
name: Van Der Vyver, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: Every five years the United States rewrites its farm legislation. This will again be the case in 1990. Such is the importance of this action that it will set the trend for U.S. and world agriculture for the next five years. This is the case because the U.S. is the undisputed world leader in agriculture. The most important goals the U.S. Farm Bill will address this time are: the farm economy, the budget restrictions, government interference, stocks, U.S. competitiveness and environmental and food safety issues. Each of these goals will also probably affect world agriculture and South Africa to some degree. Furthermore, owing to the very important influence that the U.S. Farm Bill and the GATT negotiations have on each other and the importance of the GATT to South African agriculture South Africa has to analyse its own position. The U.S Farm Bill will affect South African agriculture whether the changes concern general matters or specific industries.
Equations and geometrical representations from Geometrical characterisation of active contraction pulses in epithelial cells using the two-dimensional vertex model
Creators: name: Pérez-Verdugo, Fernanda
name: Reig, Germán
name: Cerda, Mauricio
name: Concha, Miguel L.
name: Soto, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We show the full expression of the energy change mentioned in the main text for the isolated active hexagonal cell and a geometrical representation of the effect of the different deformations. Also, the studied space of the parameters is justified in this document. We also show the linear order equations of motion of the active vertex model and explain the resolution method used in the main text to solve the linear system. In the end, we show a geometrical representation of a hexagonal cell with different values of contraction (R) and change of anisotropy (Q), considering that the relaxed shape is the regular one.
Sustainable Seafood Purchasing at the University of British Columbia – What’s the catch?
Creators: name: Magera, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”