cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Validation of N95 respirator models for pressure drop and particle capture efficiency
Creators: name: O’Shaughnessy, Patrick T.
name: Harris, Zoe
name: Purdy, Matthew
name: Altmaier, Ralph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Despite efforts to apply administrative and engineering controls to minimize worker exposure to aerosols, filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) continue to be an important form of personal protective equipment in hard-to-control settings such as healthcare, agriculture, and construction. Optimizing the performance of FFRs can be advanced with the use of mathematical models that incorporate the forces that act on particles during filtration as well as those filter characteristics that influence filter pressure drop. However, a thorough investigation of these forces and characteristics using measurements of currently available FFRs has not been undertaken. Filter characteristics such as fiber diameter and filter depth were measured from samples taken from six currently-available N95 FFRs from three manufacturers. A filtration model was developed that included diffusion, inertial and electrostatic forces to estimate the filtration of an aerosol with a Boltzmann charge distribution. The diameter of the filter fibers was modeled as either a single “effective” diameter or as a lognormal distribution of diameters. Both modeling schemes produced an efficiency curve that simulated efficiency measurements made over a range of particle diameters (0.01 − 0.3 µm) with the use of a scanning mobility particle sizer in the region where efficiency is at a minimum. However, the method using a distribution of fiber diameters produced a better fit for particles > 0.1 µm. The coefficients associated with a simple form of the diffusion equation constituting a power law incorporating the Peclet number were adjusted to enhance model accuracy. Likewise, the fiber charge of the electret fibers was also adjusted to maximize model fit but remained within levels reported by others. A filter pressure drop model was also developed. Results demonstrated the need for a pressure drop model applicable to N95s relative to existing models developed with the use of fibers with larger diameters than those used in current N95 FFRs. A set of N95 FFR characteristics are provided that can be used to develop models of typical N95 FFR filter performance and pressure drop in future studies.
How Police Officers Assess for Mental Illnesses
Creators: name: Bohrman, Casey
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Draine, Jeffrey
name: Watson, Amy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018

description: This study examined how police officers assess for mental illnesses and how those assessments vary by location. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 officers working in two police districts in one city. Findings from the study indicate that officers make assessments based on information from dispatch, collateral contacts and behavioral observations on the scene. The study also found that neighborhood context shaped the assessment process due to variations in types of information that were available to officers in different locations. The findings indicate that there is a need to improve the quality of all three sources of information.
Torsional Elastic Waves in Cylindrical Waveguide with Wedge Dislocation
Creators: name: Katanaev, M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe propagation of torsional elastic waves in cylindrical waveguide with wedge dislocation in the framework of geometric theory of defects. The defect changes the dispersion relation. For positive deficit angles, it increases the phase velocity, and decreases the group velocity of the wave.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Aspects of accuracy and uniqueness of solutions in data-driven mechanics
Creators: name: Bartel, Thorsten
name: Harnisch, Marius
name: Menzel, Andreas
name: Schweizer, Ben
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Mechanik
subject: Modellierung
subject: Simulation
subject: Elastizität
subject: Bildkorrelation

description: Data-driven methods provide great potential for future applications in engineering, for example in terms of more efficient simulations. Conventional material models and the associated constitutive equations are substituted by a minimization of a distance between so-called material and mechanical states, which, however, leads to non-unique solutions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of the chosen initial values on the accuracy of the obtained results. Furthermore, Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) is implemented and its applicability to data-driven mechanics is assessed.
description: Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics;22(1)
Assessment of indoor bioaerosol exposure using direct-reading versus traditional methods – potential application to home health care.
Creators: name: Addo, Yao S.
name: Newman, Nicholas
name: Baumgardner, Darrel
name: Indugula, Reshmi
name: Hughes, Dagen
name: Jandarov, Roman
name: Reponen, Tiina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Home healthcare workers (HHCWs) can be occupationally exposed to bioaerosols in their clients’ homes. However, choosing the appropriate method to measure bioaerosol exposures remains a challenge. Therefore, a systematic comparison of existing measurement approaches is essential. Bioaerosol measurements with a real-time, fluorescence-based Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS) were compared to measurements with four traditional off-line methods (TOLMs). The TOLMS included optical microscopic counting of spore trap samples, microbial cultivation of impactor samples, qPCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of filter samples. Measurements were conducted in an occupied apartment simulating the environments that HHCWs could encounter in their patients’ homes. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation test were computed to compare the real-time measurement to each TOLM. The results showed that the geometric mean number concentrations of the total fluorescent aerosol particles (TFAPs) detected with the WIBS were several orders of magnitude higher than those of total fungi or bacteria measured with the TOLMs. Among the TOLMs, concentrations obtained with qPCR and NGS were the closest to the WIBS detections. Correlations between the results obtained with the WIBS and TOLMs were not consistent. No correlation was found between the concentrations of fungi detected using microscopic counting and any of the WIBS fluorescent aerosol particle (FAP) types, either indoors or outdoors. In contrast, total concentrations detected with microbial cultivation correlated with the WIBS TFAP results, both indoors and outdoors. Outdoors, total concentration of culturable bacteria correlated with FAP type AC. In addition, fungal and bacterial concentrations obtained with qPCR correlated with FAP types AB and AC. For a continuous, high time resolution but broad scope, the real-time WIBS could be considered, whereas a TOLM would be the best choice for specific and more accurate microbial characterization. HHCWs’ activities tend to re-aerosolize bioaerosols causing wide temporal variation in bioparticle concentrations. Thus, the advantage of using the real-time instrument is to capture those variations. This study lays a foundation for future exposure assessment studies targeting HHCWs.
Exploring protective psychological factors of healthcare professionals during COVID-19 in Singapore: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Nagashima-Hayashi, Michiko
name: Neo, Pearlyn
name: Hui, Sarah Gan Li
name: Wong, Gretel Jianlin
name: Knop, Marianne Ravn
name: Shrestha, Pami
name: Lau, Jerrald
name: Chew, Emily
name: Kuan, Win Sen
name: Tan, Ker-Kan
name: Shiraz, Farah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This qualitative study aimed to explore the psychological impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on frontline healthcare professionals (HCPs) both in primary care and hospital emergency departments in Singapore, to understand (1) the experience of HCPs during the outbreak, the new challenges faced on the job, how they were affected psycho-socially, (2) the support received, and (3) the protective factors of psychological distress. Purposive sampling was used to identify frontline HCPs, and those in managerial positions leading clinical teams. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 39 participants from June to November 2020 via a video-conferencing platform, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis using an inductive approach was conducted to elicit themes. We identified themes related to (i) the psychological impact they experienced, and (ii) the protective factors during this challenging period. In terms of psychological impact, work-related stressors such as physical burnout, loss of control and fear of infecting family were common themes. HCPs also experienced increased stress at home due to distancing measures they adhered to in order to protect their family. Themes related to psychological protective factors were also identified, such as resilience, team spirit, social support from peers, family and the public, and psychological readiness for the pandemic.
Intimate Partner Violence and Women with Severe Mental Illnesses: Needs and Challenges from the Perspectives of Behavioral Health and Domestic Violence Service Providers
Creators: name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Macy, Rebecca J.
name: Van Deinse, Tonya B.
name: Cuddeback, Gary S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2018

description: Women with severe mental illnesses face high rates of violence victimization, yet little is understood about the unique needs and challenges these women present to the domestic violence and behavioral health agencies that serve them. To help address this knowledge gap, focus groups were conducted with 28 staff members from local behavioral health and domestic violence service agencies. Results from this exploratory study suggest that women with severe mental illnesses who experience intimate partner violence face additional challenges that exacerbate behavioral health and domestic violence issues and put these women at greater risk for continued victimization. DV and behavioral health agency staff experience individual-, provider-, and system-level barriers to serving this high-risk, high-need population. Recommendations and implications for domestic violence and behavioral health providers are discussed.
Accurate calculation of the transverse anisotropy in perpendicularly magnetized multilayers
Creators: name: Büttner, Felix
name: Krüger, Benjamin
name: Eisebitt, Stefan
name: Kläui, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse anisotropy constant and the related Döring mass density are key parameters of the one-dimensional model to describe the motion of magnetic domain walls. So far, no general framework is available to determine these quantities from static characterizations such as magnetometry measurements. Here, we derive a universal analytical expression to calculate the transverse anisotropy constant for the important class of perpendicular magnetic multilayers. All the required input parameters of the model, such as the number of repeats, the thickness of a single magnetic layer, and the layer periodicity, as well as the effective perpendicular anisotropy, the saturation magnetization, and the static domain wall width are accessible by static sample characterizations. We apply our model to a widely used multilayer system and find that the effective transverse anisotropy constant is a factor 7 different from the when using the conventional approximations, showing the importance of using our analysis scheme.
Using statewide administrative data and brief mental health screening to estimate the prevalence of mental illness among probationers
Creators: name: Cuddeback, Gary S.
name: Edwards, Daniel
name: Van Deinse, Tonya B.
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Lambert, Michael
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2018

description: There is little published information about the measures that probation agencies in the United States use to identify individuals with mental illnesses who are under community supervision. This study used statewide administrative data to estimate and compare the prevalence of mental illnesses among probationers using officer report and offender self-report data. Prevalence estimates of mental illnesses ranged from 15 percent to 19 percent, which is consistent with prior studies that used formal diagnostic assessments. In the absence of costly and time-consuming diagnostic assessments, probation agency-developed mental health scales can aid in identifying those who might be in need of additional mental health assessment.
A Matrix Model for QCD
Creators: name: Balachandran, A. P.
name: Vaidya, Sachindeo
name: de Queiroz, Amilcar R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gribov's observation that global gauge fixing is impossible has led to suggestions that there may be a deep connection between gauge-fixing and confinement. We find an unexpected relation between the topological non-triviality of the gauge bundle and coloured states in $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory, and show that such states are necessarily impure. We approximate QCD by a rectangular matrix model that captures the essential topological features of the gauge bundle, and demonstrate the impure nature of coloured states explicitly. Our matrix model also allows the inclusion of the QCD $θ$-term, as well as to perform explicit computations of low-lying glueball masses. This mass spectrum is gapped. Since an impure state cannot evolve to a pure one by a unitary transformation, our result shows that the solution to the confinement problem in pure QCD is fundamentally quantum information-theoretic.
description: 5 pages LaTex. 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1407.8352
Document Clustering using K-Means and K-Medoids
Creators: name: Balabantaray, Rakesh Chandra
name: Sarma, Chandrali
name: Jha, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the huge upsurge of information in day-to-days life, it has become difficult to assemble relevant information in nick of time. But people, always are in dearth of time, they need everything quick. Hence clustering was introduced to gather the relevant information in a cluster. There are several algorithms for clustering information out of which in this paper, we accomplish K-means and K-Medoids clustering algorithm and a comparison is carried out to find which algorithm is best for clustering. On the best clusters formed, document summarization is executed based on sentence weight to focus on key point of the whole document, which makes it easier for people to ascertain the information they want and thus read only those documents which is relevant in their point of view.
Estimating tissue-specific TNF mRNA levels prior to anti-TNFα treatment may support therapeutic optimisation in IBD patients
Creators: name: James, Jaslin P.
name: Nielsen, Boye Schnack
name: Langholz, Ebbe
name: Malham, Mikkel
name: Høgdall, Estrid
name: Riis, Lene Buhl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) antagonists have improved the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, their usage and administration persist to be suboptimal. Here, we examined the relationship between tissue-specific TNF mRNA expression in mucosal biopsies from IBD patients and anti-TNF treatment response. Archived tissue samples from patients with luminal IBD that had all been or were in treatment with anti-TNF were included (18 adults and 24 paediatric patients). Patients were stratified into three groups according to anti-TNF response: responders, primary non-responders (PNR) and secondary loss of response (SLOR). TNF mRNA was detected using RNAscope in situ hybridisation (ISH) and the expression was quantified using image analysis. The ISH analysis showed varying occurrence of TNF mRNA positive cells located in lamina propria and often with increased density in lymphoid follicles (LF). Consequently, expression estimates were obtained in whole tissue areas with and without LF. Significantly higher TNF mRNA expression levels were measured in adults compared to paediatric patients in both the analyses with and without LF (p = .015 and p = .016, respectively). Considering the relation to response, the adult and paediatric patients were evaluated separately. In adults, the TNF expression estimates were higher in PNRs compared to responders with and without LF (p = .017 and p = .024, respectively). Our data indicate that adult PNR have significantly higher TNF mRNA levels than responders. This suggests that higher anti-TNF dose may be considered for IBD patients with high TNF mRNA expression estimates from the start of treatment.
Interventions That Target Criminogenic Needs for Justice-Involved Persons With Serious Mental Illnesses: A Targeted Service Delivery Approach
Creators: name: Bonfine, Natalie
name: Duda-Banwar, Janelle
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Farkas, Kathleen
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2018

description: This research describes the development of a targeted service delivery approach that tailors the delivery of interventions that target criminogenic needs to the specific learning and treatment needs of justice-involved people with serious mental illnesses (SMI). This targeted service delivery approach includes five service delivery strategies: repetition and summarizing, amplification, coaching, low-demand practice, and maximizing participation. Examples of how to apply each strategy in session are provided, as well as recommendations on when to use each strategy during the delivery of interventions that target criminogenic needs. This targeted service delivery approach makes an important contribution to the development of interventions for justice-involved people with SMI by increasing the chances that people with SMI can participate fully in and benefit from these interventions that target criminogenic needs. These developments come at a critical time in the field as the next generation of services for justice-involved people with SMI are being developed.
Coding local and global binary visual features extracted from video sequences
Creators: name: Baroffio, Luca
name: Canclini, Antonio
name: Cesana, Matteo
name: Redondi, Alessandro
name: Tagliasacchi, Marco
name: Tubaro, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Binary local features represent an effective alternative to real-valued descriptors, leading to comparable results for many visual analysis tasks, while being characterized by significantly lower computational complexity and memory requirements. When dealing with large collections, a more compact representation based on global features is often preferred, which can be obtained from local features by means of, e.g., the Bag-of-Visual-Word (BoVW) model. Several applications, including for example visual sensor networks and mobile augmented reality, require visual features to be transmitted over a bandwidth-limited network, thus calling for coding techniques that aim at reducing the required bit budget, while attaining a target level of efficiency. In this paper we investigate a coding scheme tailored to both local and global binary features, which aims at exploiting both spatial and temporal redundancy by means of intra- and inter-frame coding. In this respect, the proposed coding scheme can be conveniently adopted to support the Analyze-Then-Compress (ATC) paradigm. That is, visual features are extracted from the acquired content, encoded at remote nodes, and finally transmitted to a central controller that performs visual analysis. This is in contrast with the traditional approach, in which visual content is acquired at a node, compressed and then sent to a central unit for further processing, according to the Compress-Then-Analyze (CTA) paradigm. In this paper we experimentally compare ATC and CTA by means of rate-efficiency curves in the context of two different visual analysis tasks: homography estimation and content-based retrieval. Our results show that the novel ATC paradigm based on the proposed coding primitives can be competitive with CTA, especially in bandwidth limited scenarios.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Alcohol use and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis
Creators: name: Kraglund, Frederik
name: Birn-Rydder, Rasmine
name: Sørensen, Mia Dahl
name: Abazi, Rozeta
name: Villadsen, Gerda Elisabeth
name: Jepsen, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Insights into risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) are important for decisions about HCC surveillance. We studied the effects of continued hazardous alcohol use in ALD cirrhosis on HCC risk. Within a nationwide registry-based cohort of patients with ALD cirrhosis, we compared HCC risk between patients with a continued hazardous alcohol use and matched comparators. We used Fine-Gray regression to compare the risk of HCC and Cox regression to compare all-cause mortality. We also included patients with ALD cirrhosis in a clinical case-control study. Cases had HCC, and controls did not. Alcohol use was quantified using the AUDIT-C-questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between hazardous alcohol use and HCC risk. In the registry-based study, we included 8,616 patients with continued hazardous alcohol use and 8,616 matched comparators. Patients with a continued hazardous alcohol use had a lower HCC risk (subdistribution hazard ratio: 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 − 0.72) and higher mortality (hazard ratio: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.56 − 1.67). In the clinical study, we included 146 patients with ALD cirrhosis of whom 53 had newly diagnosed HCC. Hazardous alcohol use was insignificantly associated with a lower HCC risk (odds ratio: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.25 − 1.46). Hazardous alcohol use in patients with ALD cirrhosis is associated with higher mortality and, consequently, a lower HCC risk. Even if alcohol is carcinogenic, HCC surveillance will therefore likely be more effective in patients with ALD cirrhosis without a hazardous alcohol use.
Community Participation Among Individuals with Serious Mental Illnesses Leaving Jail
Creators: name: Draine, Jeffrey
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Brusilovskiy, Eugene
name: Salzer, Mark S.
name: Barrenger, Stacey L.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2017

description: Studies have found that higher levels of community participation are associated with a number of positive outcomes such as increased recovery and quality of life. People with serious mental illnesses (SMI) leaving jail face a number of barriers that limit their ability to participate in community activities. In this paper we examine whether the combined experience of mental illness and recent discharge from jail furthers the community isolation that is already experienced by individuals with serious mental illnesses. This analysis found that people with SMI recently released from jail had significantly lower levels of community participation in terms of overall number of community participation days and activities, number of time spent in activities individuals identified as important, and on measures of sufficiency related to the time spent engaged in these activities. Community participation is a key component of community re-integration for people with SMI leaving jail. The results of this study show that services for people with SMI leaving jail need to include interventions that foster engagement in community based activities.
A Laboratory Experiment of Magnetic Reconnection: Outflows, Heating and Waves in Chromospheric Jets
Creators: name: Nishizuka, N.
name: Hayashi, Y.
name: Tanabe, H.
name: Kuwahata, A.
name: Kaminou, Y.
name: Ono, Y.
name: Inomoto, M.
name: Shimizu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hinode observations have revealed intermittent recurrent plasma ejections/jets in the chromosphere. These are interpreted as a result of non-perfectly anti-parallel magnetic reconnection, i.e. component reconnection, between a twisted magnetic flux tube and the pre-existing coronal/chromospheric magnetic field, though the fundamental physics of component reconnection is unrevealed. In this paper, we experimentally reproduced the magnetic configuration and investigated the dynamics of plasma ejections, heating and wave generation triggered by component reconnection in the chromosphere. We set plasma parameters as in the chromosphere (density 10^14 cm^-3, temperature 5-10 eV, i.e. (5-10)x10^4 K, and reconnection magnetic field 200 G) using argon plasma. Our experiment shows bi-directional outflows with the speed of 5 km/s at maximum, ion heating in the downstream area over 30 eV and magnetic fluctuations mainly at 5-10 us period. We succeeded in qualitatively reproducing chromospheric jets, but quantitatively we still have some differences between observations and experiments such as jet velocity, total energy and wave frequency. Some of them can be explained by the scale gap between solar and laboratory plasma, while the others probably by the difference of microscopy and macroscopy, collisionality and the degree of ionization, which have not been achieved in our experiment.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
Metabarcoding of colonic cleansing fluid reveals unique bacterial members of mucosal microbiota associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Banzragch, Munkhtsetseg
name: Sanli, Kemal
name: Stensvold, Christen Rune
name: Kurt, Ozgur
name: Ari, Sule
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic idiopathic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract associated with the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Metabarcoding-based profiling of the gut microbiota of IBD patients is generally based on the stool samples collected from individual patients which rarely represent the mucosa-associated microbiota. The ideal sampling strategy for routine monitoring of the mucosal component of IBD has yet to be determined. We hereby compare the microbiota composition of the colonic cleansing fluid (CCF) collected during colonoscopy with stool samples from IBD patients. The relationship between IBD and gut microbiota was revealed through the application of the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing-based metabarcoding approach. CCF and stool samples were collected from IBD patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The present study shows significant differences in the microbial composition of CCF samples, presumably indicating changes in the mucosal microbiota of IBD patients as compared to the control group. Short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria under the family Lachnospiraceae, the actinobacterial genus Bifidobacterium, the proteobacterial Sutterella and Raoultella are found to contribute to the microbial dysbiosis of the mucosal flora in IBD patients. CCF microbiota has the capacity to distinguish IBD patients from healthy controls and, thus, may constitute an alternative analysis strategy for the early diagnosis and disease progression in IBD biomarker research.
Testosterone is lower in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related cirrhosis and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes
Creators: name: Apostolov, Ross
name: Wong, Darren
name: Low, Elizabeth
name: Vaz, Karl
name: Spurio, Jessica
name: Worland, Thomas
name: Liu, Dorothy
name: Chan, Roseanne Kimberley
name: Gow, Paul
name: Grossmann, Mathis
name: Sinclair, Marie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Low serum testosterone is common in cirrhotic men, but the impact of disease aetiology remains uncertain. This study compares serum total testosterone (TT) levels by disease aetiology and assesses its prognostic value. Single-centre retrospective study of cirrhotic men who had TT levels measured between 2002 and 2020. A cut-off of 12 nmol/L was used to define low TT and 230 pmol/L for calculated free testosterone (cFT). Linear and logistic regression used to adjust for variables known to affect testosterone levels and assess for an association between levels and outcomes. Of 766 cirrhotic men, 33.3% had alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and 11.9% had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The median age was 56 years (interquartile range (IQR) 50–61), and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score 14 (IQR 9-20). TT levels were low in 53.3% of patients, (median 11.0 nmol/L; IQR 3.7–19.8) and cFT low in 79.6% (median 122 pmol/L; IQR 48.6-212). Median TT was lower in men with ALD (7.6 nmol/L; IQR 2.1–16.2) and NAFLD (9.8 nmol/L; IQR 2.75-15.6) compared to other aetiologies (11.0 nmol/L; IQR 3.73-19.8) (p < 0.001 for all), which remained true after adjustment for age and MELD score. TT was inversely associated with 12-month mortality or transplant (381 events, p = 0.02) and liver decompensation (345 events, p = 0.004). Low serum testosterone is common in cirrhotic men and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. TT levels are significantly lower in ALD and NAFLD compared to other disease aetiologies. Further large-scale studies are required to assess the potential benefits of testosterone therapy.
Survey Start Evaluation : Usability Evaluation Process for Domain-Specific Languages
Creators: name: Poltronieri, Ildevana
name: Zorzo, Avelino F.
name: Bernardino, Maicon
name: OliveirJr, Edson
name: Pedroso, Allan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metamodel, Domain-Specific Language, Process, Evaluation, Usability

description: Survey Start Evaluation: Usability Evaluation Process for Domain-Specific Languages
Translating Interventions that Target Criminogenic Risk Factors for use in Community Based Mental Health Settings
Creators: name: Bonfine, Natalie
name: Farkas, Kathleen J.
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Duda-Banwar, Janelle
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2017

description: This study explored facilitators and barriers associated with engaging criminogenic interventions in community mental health service settings. Focus groups and guided large group discussions were conducted with 46 consumers, providers and administrators. Results suggest that participants were generally supportive of offering criminogenic interventions to justice involved persons with serious mental illness in community based mental health service settings. Key issues to consider when engaging criminogenic interventions in community mental health service settings include identifying sustainable funding sources, providing adequate training for staff, and tailoring the delivery and pace of the content to the particular treatment needs of SMI participants.
Survey Start Evaluation : Usability Evaluation Process for Domain-Specific Languages
Creators: name: Poltronieri, Ildevana
name: Zorzo, Avelino F.
name: Bernardino, Maicon
name: OliveirJr, Edson
name: Pedroso, Allan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Metamodel, Domain-Specific Language, Process, Evaluation, Usability

description: Survey Start Evaluation: Usability Evaluation Process for Domain-Specific Languages
Probation Officers' Perceptions of Supervising Probationers with Mental Illness in Rural and Urban Settings
Creators: name: Van Deinse, Tonya B.
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Burgin, Stacey E.
name: Cuddeback, Gary S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2017

description: As part of a larger study of probation workload and workforce challenges in one southeastern state, this study reports the results from a statewide survey of probation officersâ€™ experiences supervising probationers with mental illness. A total of 615 officers responded to closed- and open-ended questions about the challenges and barriers to supervising offenders with mental illness, and the responses of officers from rural versus urban settings were compared. Officers reported that probationers with mental illness are difficult to supervise and supervision challenges are exacerbated by a scarcity of mental health and substance abuse treatment resources, limited social support, and a lack of employment opportunities for this population of probationers. Officers report unique and similar challenges across rural and urban settings. This study contributes to our understanding of the challenges of supervising probationers with mental illness and informs practice, policy and research at the interface of the criminal justice and mental health systems.
تأثير الموسيقى على سرعة الاستشفاء بعد تمرين هوائي عالي الشدة The effect of music on recovery rate after a high intensity exercise
Creators: name: ﻋﺒد ﷲ, اﻟذﻫﻠﻲ
name: ﻤﺤﻔوظﺔ, اﻟﻛﯿﺘﺎﻨﯿﺔ
name: رﻀوان, اﻟﺤﺎج ﺴﺎﺴﻲ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Lactic Acid, Heart rate, Music, Recovery

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music on specific psychological and physiologicalvariables during recovery after high-intensity exercise. Study was conducted on a sample of (16) individuals with an average age (20.7 ± 0.6). Researchers usedmaximal aerobic rate maintenance testing for physical effects on study samples. Measurements includedheart rate, lactate level, rate of perceived exertion, and feeling score. Measurements were taken beforeexercise, after exercise, and during the recovery period. Conclusion: listening to music during recoveryhad no effect on heart rate, lactate, or feeling score, but did affect perceived exertion.
Particle Acceleration In Plasmoid Ejections Derived From Radio Drifting Pulsating Structures
Creators: name: Nishizuka, N.
name: Karlicky, M.
name: Janvier, M.
name: Barta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of slowly drifting pulsating structures (DPS) in the 0.8-4.5 GHz frequency range of the RT4 and RT5 radio spectrographs at Ondrejov observatory, between 2002 and 2012. We found 106 events of drifting pulsating structures, which we classified into 4 cases: (I) single events with a constant frequency drift [12 events], (II) multiple events occurring in the same flare with constant frequency drifts [11 events], (III) single or multiple events with increasing or decreasing frequency drift rates [52 events], and (IV) complex events containing multiple events occurring at the same time in the different frequency range [31 events]. Many DPSs are associated with hard X-ray bursts (15-25 keV) and soft X-ray gradient peaks, as they typically occurred at the beginning of the hard X-ray peaks. This indicates that DPS events are related to the processes of fast energy release and particle acceleration. Furthermore, interpreting DPSs as signatures of plasmoids, we measured their ejection velocity, their width and their height from the DPS spectra, from which we also estimated the reconnection rate and the plasma beta. In this interpretation, constant frequency drift indicates a constant velocity of a plasmoid, and an increasing/decreasing frequency drift indicates a deceleration/acceleration of a plasmoid ejection. The reconnection rate shows a good positive correlation with the plasmoid velocity. Finally we confirmed that some DPS events show plasmoid counterparts in AIA/SDO images.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures. appears in The Astrophysical Journal, 2014
Taming Lévy flights in confined crowded geometries
Creators: name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Dybiec, Bartłomiej
name: Gudowska-Nowak, Ewa
name: Sokolov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-dimensional diffusive motion of a tracer particle in restricted, crowded anisotropic geometries. The underlying medium is the same as in our previous work [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 044706 (2014)] in which standard, gaussian diffusion was studied. Here, a tracer is allowed to perform Cauchy random walk with uncorrelated steps. Our analysis shows that presence of obstacles significantly influences motion, which in an obstacle-free space would be of a superdiffusive type. At the same time, the selfdiffusive process reveals different anomalous properties, both at the level of a single trajectory realization and after the ensemble averaging. In particular, due to obstacles, the sample mean squared displacement asymptotically grows sublinearly in time, suggesting non-Markov character of motion. Closer inspection of survival probabilities indicates however that underlying diffusion is memoryless over long time scales despite strong inhomogeneity of motion induced by orientational ordering.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
What are the essential services and amenities in a 20 Minute Neighbourhood? Technical notes
Creators: name: Koksal, Caglar
name: Sherriff, Graeme
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: 20 minute neighbourhood, 15 minute city, spatial planning, accessibility, GIS

description: This very short document has two aims. It serves as a placeholder for the future discussion paper and give some background to those who wished to understand how we came up with our themes and scoring system in our 20MN map for Manchester and Salford map, which can be accessed here https://arcg.is/01fLOf1. Thus, this document is a very initial draft of the methods paper we are writing, and not intended to be a discussion paper (yet!). If you want to know more about this project, please contact caglar.koksal@manchester.ac.uk. The table below demonstrates the underlying methodology behind our 20MN map for Manchester and Salford. The further below is the list of references that were compiled by Florence Hewett in Summer 2022 as part of a rapid scoping review, to establish what attributes (places, locations, infrastructure, etc.) that should be accessible within a neighbourhood. Using these attributes, Florence and Caglar created a list of themes under which clusters of attributes were categorised. Then Caglar, in consultation with Graeme Sherriff, identified what classifications as defined by Ordnance Survey Points of Interest Catalogue should be featured in a 20MN. This dataset is context-dependent i.e., applicable to England, and may differ in another country or even another city region in England. Then, Caglar assigned scores to each classification and theme, based on said literature review, and assigned these scores to each household in Manchester and Salford based on 10 minutes walking distance using ArcPro v3.
Balancing Accessibility and Selectivity in 21st Century Public Mental Health Services: Implications for Hard to Engage Clients
Creators: name: Draine, Jeffrey
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Barrenger, Stacey
name: Bohrman, Casey
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2012

description: This research highlights the importance of expanding examinations of service accessibility for
hard to engage client populations to include assessments of individuals’ ability to gain entrance to
services and the system’s ability to meet the service needs of particular client populations. The
results of this research provide a framework to support these examinations. The increasing levels
of selectivity and targeting of mental health services to particular client populations found in this
study raise fundamental questions about the goals of service accessibility in 21st century public
mental health services generally, and for hard-to-engage clients particularly. These findings also
point to the need for examinations of the eligibility criteria and gatekeeping mechanism that are
used to target services to particular client populations to determine if they are working as intended
and to assess what impact these mechanisms have on hard to engage clients’ ability to gain
entrance to needed services.
title: Percorsi in Civiltà dell’Asia e dell’Africa III. Quaderni di studi dottorali alla Sapienza
Creators: name: Prayer, Mario
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2023

description: Il presente volume si inserisce nell’iniziativa editoriale dei Quaderni di studi dottorali alla Sapienza inaugurata nel 2021, volta a presentare in open access alla comunità scientifica, così come al pubblico generale, alcuni dei risultati più significativi raggiunti nelle loro ricerche da giovani studiose e studiosi afferenti al Dottorato in Civiltà dell’Asia e dell’Africa, presso Sapienza Università di Roma. Dedicato ai cicli 34°, 36° e 37°, questo terzo tomo descrive un variegato ambito tematico e disciplinare comprendente l’iconografia e l’architettura dell’India centro-meridionale come veicoli di rappresentazione della sovranità e della cultura dominante, la letteratura quale luogo di confronto fra tensioni interiori e dinamiche sociali in Cina, Giappone e Turchia nel periodo moderno e contemporaneo, e la linguistica inserita in una prospettiva interdisciplinare rivolta allo studio della società tunisina e della dislessia in ambito sinofono.
Herschel -PACS observations of [OI] and H2O in Cha II
Creators: name: Riviere-Marichalar, P.
name: Bayo, A.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Vicente, S.
name: Williams, J. P.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Eiroa, C.
name: Duchne, G.
name: Montesinos, B.
name: Mathews, G.
name: Podio, L.
name: Dent, W. R. F.
name: Huélamo, N.
name: Merín, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas plays a major role in the dynamical evolution of protoplanetary discs. Its coupling with the dust is the key to our understanding planetary formation. Studying the gas content is therefore a crucial step towards understanding protoplanetary discs evolution. Such a study can be made through spectroscopic observations of emission lines in the far-infrared, where some of the most important gas coolants emit, such as the [OI] 3P1-3 P2 transition at 63.18 microns. We aim at characterising the gas content of protoplanetary discs in the intermediate-aged Chamaeleon II (Cha II) star forming region. We also aim at characterising the gaseous detection fractions within this age range, which is an essential step tracing gas evolution with age in different star forming regions. We obtained Herschel-PACS line scan spectroscopic observations at 63 microns of 19 Cha II Class I and II stars. The observations were used to trace [OI] and o-H2O at 63 microns. The analysis of the spatial distribution of [OI], when extended, can be used to understand the origin of the emission. We have detected [OI] emission toward seven out of the nineteen systems observed, and o-H2O emission at 63.32 microns in just one of them, Sz 61. Cha II members show a correlation between [OI] line fluxes and the continuum at 70 microns, similar to what is observed in Taurus. We analyse the extended [OI] emission towards the star DK Cha and study its dynamical footprints in the PACS Integral Field Unit (IFU). We conclude that there is a high velocity component from a jet combined with a low velocity component with an origin that may be a combination of disc, envelope and wind emission. The stacking of spectra of objects not detected individually in [OI] leads to a marginal 2.6sigma detection that may indicate the presence of gas just below our detection limits for some, if not all, of them.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
APPRAISAL OF THE PERFORMANCE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCIES IN NIGERIA WITH A VIEW TO INTRODUCING SMART MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Creators: name: Obru-Egboro, F. O
name: Eze, Hilary
Publisher: name: SADI Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agencies
Management
Smart
Technologies
Waste

description: This study examined the appraisal of the performance of waste management agencies in Nigeria with a view to introducing smart management technologies.  To carry out this assessment, three objectives were drawn up those covers; examining the subsisting solid waste management methods; looking into the existing operational management techniques and also exploring applicable smart technologies in the management of solid waste in Nigeria. The methodology isolated three LGAs (Asaba, Warri and Ughelli) in Delta State, Nigeria with a study population of 675,149 through purposive sampling technique and applied the Slovin's sample size determinant formula to determine a sample size of 400 respondents who received structured survey questionnaires. Using percentages, tables and pie charts to analyze the data, pops up some findings in the area of overcrowded households of 6-8 persons (33%) in a room putting pressure on services such as solid waste management, and poor facilities, 47.3% making management efforts complex.  In the summary of the empirical review, it was observed also that in Kano (Northern Nigeria), 79.25% respondents dispose waste in unauthorized dumpsites and 68% complained of poor collection by agencies. Hence, the recommendation for improved seamless management processes in the area of adequate funding, capacity building and provision of up-to-date facilities. More profoundly, it is expected that the smart technologies and supporting ICT infrastructure could address the critical areas of waste management which includes but not limited to funding, and capacity building in the waste management value chain in Nigeria