cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lettere mercantili tra tracce di oralità e funzioni pragmatiche
Creators: name: Lo Baido, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Rhesis. International Journal of Linguistics, Philology and Literature
Year: 2023

description: Il presente articolo si prefigge di analizzare un insieme costituito da ventisei lettere di argomento mercantile prodotte in lingua catalana a Valenza tra il XV e il XVI secolo e spedite a Cagliari da parte di Pere Martí, mercante di stoffe e manufatti. Intendiamo analizzare caratteristiche e operazioni squisitamente pragmatiche e discorsive alla luce di una prospettiva che considera tali prodotti scrittori come esempi di scrittura intrisa di tratti di oralità. Le lettere sembrano attestare una scrittura che mostra diversi tratti di oralità spesso correlati con l’espressione di sollecitazioni osservabili e ascrivili a funzioni eminentemente pragmatiche rintracciabili nel medium parlato. Diverse sono le strategie pragmatiche osservate: allocutivi con funzione testuale e fàtica, dislocazioni, riformulazioni, parentetici e connettivi polifunzionali – tra altre proprietà. Pertanto, oltre a fornire uno spaccato della storia sociale ed economica a livello delle sponde del Mediterraneo occidentale, le lettere mercantili in esame costituiscono un laboratorio linguistico per applicare approcci di pragmatica e analisi del discorso nel merito di un insieme di testi scritti.
description: Rhesis. International Journal of Linguistics, Philology and Literature, Vol 14 No 1 (2023): Linguistics and Philology
The Development of Context-Sensitive Attention in Urban and Rural Brazil
Creators: name: Mavridis, Pablo
name: Kärtner, Joscha
name: Chaves Cavalcante, Lilia Ieda
name: Resende, Briseida
name: Schuhmacher, Nils
name: Köster, Moritz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: holistic and analytic perception
subject: context-sensitivity
subject: development of visual attention
subject: cognitive development
subject: cross-cultural comparison
subject: urban versus rural context
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Human perception differs profoundly between individuals from different cultures. In the present study, we investigated the development of context-sensitive attention (the relative focus on context elements of a visual scene) in a large sample (N= 297) of 5- to 15-year-olds and young adults from rural and urban Brazil, namely from agricultural villages in the Amazon region and the city of Sao Paulo. We applied several visual tasks which assess context-sensitive attention, including an optical illusion, a picture description, a picture recognition and a facial emotion judgment task. The results revealed that children and adults from the urban sample had a higher level of context-sensitive attention, when compared to children and adults from the rural sample. In particular, participants from Sao Paulo were more easily deceived by the context elements in an optical illusion task and remembered more context elements in a recognition task than participants from rural Amazon villages. In these two tasks, context-sensitivity increased with age. However, we did not find a cultural difference in the picture description and the facial emotion judgment task. These findings support the idea that visual information processing is highly dependent on the culture-specific learning environments from very early in development. Specifically, they are more consistent with accounts that emphasize the role of the visual environment, than with the social orientation account. However, they also highlight that further research is needed to disentangle the diverse factors that may influence the early development of visual attention, which underlie culture-specific developmental pathways.
Room-temperature detection of spin accumulation in silicon across Schottky tunnel barriers using a MOSFET structure
Creators: name: Hamaya, K.
name: Ando, Y.
name: Masaki, K.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Fujita, Y.
name: Yamada, S.
name: Sawano, K.
name: Miyao, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) structure with a high-quality CoFe/n^+Si contact, we systematically study spin injection and spin accumulation in a nondegenerated Si channel with a doping density of ~ 4.5*10^15cm^-3 at room temperature. By applying the gate voltage (V_G) to the channel, we obtain sufficient bias currents (I_Bias) for creating spin accumulation in the channel and observe clear spin-accumulation signals even at room temperature. Whereas the magnitude of the spin signals is enhanced by increasing I_Bias, it is reduced by increasing V_G interestingly. These features can be understood within the framework of the conventional spin diffusion model. As a result, a room-temperature spin injection technique for the nondegenerated Si channel without using insulating tunnel barriers is established, which indicates a technological progress for Si-based spintronic applications with gate electrodes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
A CONSTITUIÇÃO E O GOLPE - NO MANICÔMIO BRASILEIRO
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 04 – n. 05/2016
Já parece um mantra repetido pelos defensores da presidente Dilma Roussef que o processo de impeachment não passa de um golpe contra um mandato legítimo, conquistado nas urnas.
Transition from fractional to Majorana fermions in Rashba nanowires
Creators: name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Stano, Peter
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study hybrid superconducting-semiconducting nanowires in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction as well as helical magnetic fields. We show that the interplay between them leads to a competition of phases with two topological gaps closing and reopening, resulting in unexpected reentrance behavior. Besides the topological phase with localized Majorana fermions (MFs) we find new phases characterized by fractionally charged fermion (FF) bound states of Jackiw-Rebbi type. The system can be fully gapped by the magnetic fields alone, giving rise to FFs that transmute into MFs upon turning on superconductivity. We find explicit analytical solutions for MF and FF bound states and determine the phase diagram numerically by determining the corresponding Wronskian null space. We show by renormalization group arguments that electron-electron interactions enhance the Zeeman gaps opened by the fields.
Impact of groundwater depth and soil salinity on riparian plant diversity and distribution in an arid area of China
Creators: name: Zeng, Yong
name: Zhao, Chengyi
name: Shi, Fengzhi
name: Schneider, Michael
name: Lv, Guanghui
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tarim River
subject: lower reaches
subject: Populus euphratica
subject: Tamarix ramosissima
subject: environmental flows
subject: climate change
subject: desert
subject: vegetation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Riparian plant diversity in arid regions is sensitive to changes in groundwater. Although it is well known that groundwater has a significant influence on plant diversity, there have been few studies on how groundwater and soil salinity impact plant community in desert riparian ecosystems. Therefore, we surveyed 77 quadrats (100m x 100m) to examine the relationship between groundwater depth, groundwater salinity, soil salinity and plant community in the upper reaches of the Tarim River. Data were analyzed with two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima, and Phragmites australis were the dominant plants among trees, shrubs and herbs, respectively. Five plant community types were classified. There were significant differences in species diversity, soil moisture, soil salinity, groundwater depth and groundwater salinity across the community types. The composition and distribution of plant community are significantly influenced by groundwater depth, groundwater salinity, soil moisture, distances from the river to the quadrats, soil pH, electrical conductivity, total salt, CO32-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+. Shallow groundwater depth, low groundwater salinity, and high soil moisture and soil salinity were associated with higher plant diversity.
Scalar Collapse in AdS
Creators: name: Buchel, Alex
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Liebling, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, studies of the gravitational collapse of a scalar field within spherically symmetric AdS spacetimes was presented in \cite{Bizon:2011gg,Jalmuzna:2011qw} which showed an instability of pure AdS to black hole formation. In particular, the work showed that arbitrarily small initial configurations of scalar field evolved through some number of reflections off the AdS boundary until a black hole forms. We consider this same system, extended to include a complex scalar field, and reproduce this phenomena. We present tests of our numerical code that demonstrate convergence and consistency. We study the properties of the evolution as the scalar pulse becomes more compact examining the asymptotic behavior of the scalar field, an observable in the corresponding boundary CFT. We demonstrate that such BH formation occurs even when one places a reflecting boundary at finite radius indicating that the sharpening is a property of gravity in a bounded domain, not of AdS itself. We examine how the initial energy is transferred to higher frequencies --which leads to black hole formation-- and uncover interesting features of this transfer.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures; Revised to be more consistent with published version: updated references, an added paragraph, and a subsection removed
Scutisotoma
Creators: name: Huang, Cheng-Wang
name: Potapov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Isotomidae
Scutisotoma

description: Division of Scutisotoma to groups of species
Twenty six examined species of the genus can be classified to three species groups. In the proposed division the shape of maxillary palp and number of prelabral chaetae are decisive characters. Chaetotaxy of femur and Abd.V are used as additional characters since they are more influenced by the general polychaetosis of the body.
  schisti group . Maxillary palp bifurcate. 4 prelabral chaetae. Ventral chaetae on thorax absent. Femur 1 with 3, more rarely 2 e- chaetae. Mucro bi- or tridentate, in latter case proximal tooth positioned more laterally. Length of furca varies. Chaetotaxy of Abd.V typical for the genus, unmodified. Most species of the genus belong to this group (acorellata, ananevae, armeriae, baica, dodecocellata, karadagi, kolymica, ladaki, longisensilla, matalini, millimetrica, montana, muriphila, nicksmeti, schisti, stachanoremi, stepposa, tianshanica, tolerans, trichaetosa sp. nov.). Holarctic.
  christianseni group . Maxillary palp simple. 4 prelabral chaetae. Ventral chaetae on thorax present or absent. Femur 1 with 3–4 e -chaetae. Mucro tridentate, proximal tooth positioned more laterally than apical and subapical teeth. Furca of medium length. Abd.V polychaetotic, with many thick chaetae (Figs 7, 15 in present paper; Fig. 10 B in Dunger 1982; Fig. 14 in Vilkamaa 1988). With four species (bengei sp. nov., christianseni, fjellbergi, oirota Vilkamaa) distributed in inner areas of Asia.
  subarctica group . Maxillary palp simple. 3 prelabral chaetae. Ventral chaetae on thorax absent. Femur 1 with 2 e -chaetae. Mucro tridentate, all three teeth positioned in a line. Furca of medium length. Abd.V with few chaetae. Three species (indigirka, robustodens sp. nov., subarctica). Palearctic.
description: Published as part of Huang, Cheng-Wang & Potapov, Mikhail, 2012, Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. IV. Notes on chaetotaxy of femur and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Weberacantha from Asia, pp. 38-49 in Zootaxa 3333 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281280
Teacher and Peer Responses to Warning Behavior in 11 School Shooting Cases in Germany
Creators: name: Fiedler, Nora
name: Sommer, Friederike
name: Leuschner, Vincenz
name: Ahlig, Nadine
name: Göbel, Kristin
name: Scheithauer, Herbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: warning behaviors
subject: threat assessment
subject: targeted school violence
subject: school shooting
subject: case study
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Warning behavior prior to an act of severe targeted school violence was often not recognized by peers and school staff. With regard to preventive efforts, we attempted to identify barriers to information exchange in German schools and understand mechanisms that influenced the recognition, evaluation, and reporting of warning behavior through a teacher or peer. Our analysis is based on inquiry files from 11 cases of German school shootings that were obtained during the 3-year research project "Incident and case analysis of highly expressive targeted violence (TARGET)." We conducted a qualitative retrospective case study to analyze witness reports from school staff and peers. Our results point to subjective explanations used by teachers and peers toward conspicuous behavior (e.g., situational framing and typical adolescent behavior), as well as reassuring factors that indicated harmlessness (e.g., no access to a weapon). Additionally, we found organizational barriers similar to those described in US-American case studies (e.g., organizational deviance).
The three-dimensional geometry and merger history of the massive galaxy cluster MACS J0358.8-2955
Creators: name: Hsu, Li-Yen
name: Ebeling, Harald
name: Richard, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a combined X-ray/optical analysis of the dynamics of the massive cluster MACS J0358.8-2955 (z=0.428) based on observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the Keck-I telescope on Mauna Kea. MACS J0358.8-2955 is found to be one of the most X-ray luminous clusters known at z>0.3, featuring L_X(
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Société française d'étude du XVIIIe siècle, France et Italie au XVIIIe siècle: Images et préjugés réciproques. Ve Colloque franco-italien, Torino, 17–19 février 1994, 1995
Creators: name: Neri, Daniela
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Inflation in general covariant Hořava-Lifshitz gravity without projectability
Creators: name: Zhu, Tao
name: Huang, Yongqing
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study inflation in the general covariant Hořava-Lifshitz gravity without the projectability condition. We write down explicitly the equations of the linear scalar perturbations of the FRW universe for a single scalar field without specifying to any gauge. Applying these equations to a particular gauge, we are able to obtain a master equation of the perturbations, in contrast to all the other versions of the theory without the projectability condition. This is because in the current version of the theory it has the same degree of freedom of general relativity. To calculate the power spectrum and index, we first define the initial conditions as the ones that minimize the energy of the ground state. Then, we obtain the full solutions of the equation of motion, by using the WKB approximations. From these solutions, we calculate the power spectrum and spectrum index of the comoving curvature perturbations and find the corrections due to the high order spatial derivative terms of the theory to those standard results obtained in general relativity. Remarkably, partly of corrections are a direct consequence of the non-projectability condition. It is also shown that the perturbations are still of scale-invariance, and the results obtained in the general covariant Hořava-Lifshitz gravity without the projectability condition are consistent with all current cosmological observations.
description: Some typos are corrected, and new references are added. latex4, no figures. JHEP 01 (2013) 138
Depression, neuroticism and 2D:4D ratio: evidence from a large, representative sample
Creators: name: Lautenbacher, Leopold Maria
name: Neyse, Levent
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: sex-differences
subject: gender-differences
subject: personality-traits
subject: digit ratios
subject: testosterone
subject: length
subject: disorders
subject: metaanalysis
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: A body of literature reports higher rates of depression and neuroticism in female samples compared to male samples. Numerous studies have investigated the role of prenatal sex hormone exposure in this sex difference, using the ratio between the second and fourth digit of the hand ("2D:4D") as a putative marker. However, the sample sizes of those studies were mostly small and results remained inconclusive. The aim of the present study is to test the suggested associations between depression, neuroticism and the 2D:4D ratio in a large, representative sample of over 3,000 German individuals. It was hypothesized that a higher 2D:4D (supposedly representing a more "feminine" prenatal hormone exposure) would positively predict (1) one's history of depression as well as (2) neuroticism rates and (3) acute depressive symptom scores. Controlling for biological sex, we only found suggestive evidence for linear associations with neuroticism in the case of left hand 2D:4D ratios and the mean 2D:4D of both hands. However, additional analyses indicated that these results may have been spurious due to confounding. Our findings suggest that the 2D:4D ratio is not a relevant predictor of depression, while there was mixed evidence in the case of neuroticism.
Scheme dependence of quantum gravity on de Sitter background
Creators: name: Kitamoto, Hiroyuki
name: Kitazawa, Yoshihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our investigation of the IR effects on the local dynamics of matter fields in quantum gravity. Specifically we clarify how the IR effects depend on the change of the quantization scheme: different parametrization of the metric and the matter field redefinition. Conformal invariance implies effective Lorentz invariance of the matter system in de Sitter space. An arbitrary choice of the parametrization of the metric and the matter field redefinition does not preserve the effective Lorentz invariance of the local dynamics. As for the effect of different parametrization of the metric alone, the effective Lorentz symmetry breaking term can be eliminated by shifting the background metric. In contrast, we cannot compensate the matter field redefinition dependence by such a way. The effective Lorentz invariance can be retained only when we adopt the specific matter field redefinitions where all dimensionless couplings become scale invariant at the classical level. This scheme is also singled out by unitarity as the kinetic terms are canonically normalized.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Cross-Entropy Clustering
Creators: name: Spurek, Przemysław
name: Tabor, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We construct a cross-entropy clustering (CEC) theory which finds the optimal number of clusters by automatically removing groups which carry no information. Moreover, our theory gives simple and efficient criterion to verify cluster validity. Although CEC can be build on an arbitrary family of densities, in the most important case of Gaussian CEC: {\em -- the division into clusters is affine invariant; -- the clustering will have the tendency to divide the data into ellipsoid-type shapes; -- the approach is computationally efficient as we can apply Hartigan approach.} We study also with particular attention clustering based on the Spherical Gaussian densities and that of Gaussian densities with covariance $s \I$. In the letter case we show that with $s$ converging to zero we obtain the classical k-means clustering.
Exploring the alpha-enhancement of metal-poor planet-hosting stars. The Kepler and HARPS samples
Creators: name: Adibekyan, V. Zh.
name: Mena, E. Delgado
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Hernandez, J. I. Gonzalez
name: Mayor, M.
name: Hakobyan, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies showed that at low metallicities Doppler-detected planet-hosting stars have preferably high alpha-content and belong to the thick disk. We used the reconnaissance spectra of 87 Kepler planet candidates and data available from the HARPS planet search survey to explore this phenomena. Using the traditional spectroscopic abundance analysis methods we derived Ti, Ca, and Cr abundances for the Kepler stars. In the metallicity region -0.65 < [Fe/H] < -0.3 dex the fraction of Ti-enhanced thick-disk HARPS planet harboring stars is 12.3 +/- 4.1 % and for their thin-disk counterparts this fraction is 2.2 +/- 1.3 %. The binomial statistics gives a probability of 0.008 that this could have occurred by chance. Combining the two samples (HARPS + Kepler) reinforces the significance of this result (P ~ 99.97 %). Since most of these stars are harboring small-mass/size planets we can assume that, although terrestrial planets can be found at low-iron regime, they are mostly enhanced by alpha-elements. This implies that early formation of rocky planets could get started in the Galactic thick disk, where the chemical conditions for their formation were more favorable.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
J. Kunisch, H. Münkler (Hg.), Die Wiedergeburt des Krieges aus dem Geist der Revolution. Studien zum bellizistischen Diskurs des ausgehenden 18. und beginnenden 19. Jahrhunderts, 1999
Creators: name: Black, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Magnetic induction maps in a magnetized spherical Couette flow experiment
Creators: name: Nataf, Henri-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DTS experiment is a spherical Couette flow experiment with an imposed dipolar magnetic field. Liquid sodium is used as a working fluid. In a series of measurement campaigns, we have obtained data on the mean axisymmetric velocity, the mean induced magnetic field and electric potentials. All these quantities are coupled through the induction equation. In particular, a strong omega-eff ect is produced by di fferential rotation within the fluid shell, inducing a significant azimuthal magnetic field. Taking advantage of the simple spherical geometry of the experiment, I expand the azimuthal and meridional fields into Legendre polynomials and derive the expressions that relate all measurements to the radial functions of the velocity field for each harmonic degree. For small magnetic Reynolds numbers Rm the relations are linear, and the azimuthal and meridional equations decouple. Selecting a set of measurements for a given rotation frequency of the inner sphere (Rm = 9.4), I invert simultaneously the velocity and the magnetic data and thus reconstruct both the azimuthal and the meridional fields within the fluid shell. The results demonstrate the good internal consistency of the measurements, and indicate that turbulent non-axisymmetric fluctuations do not contribute significantly to the axisymmetric magnetic induction.
description: soumis au Comptes Rendus Physique
Structural order in plasmonic superlattices
Creators: name: Schulz, Florian
name: Pavelka, Ondrej
name: Lehmkühler, Felix
name: Westermeier, Fabian
name: Okamura, Yu
name: Mueller, Niclas S.
name: Reich, Stephanie
name: Lange, Holger
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: gold nanoparticles
subject: nanocrystal superlattice
subject: phase-transfer
subject: shape
subject: size
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles into ordered 2D- and 3D-superlattices could pave the way towards new tailored materials for plasmonic sensing, photocatalysis and manipulation of light on the nanoscale. The properties of such materials strongly depend on their geometry, and accordingly straightforward protocols to obtain precise plasmonic superlattices are highly desirable. Here, we synthesize large areas of crystalline mono-, bi- and multilayers of gold nanoparticles >20nm with a small number of defects. The superlattices can be described as hexagonal crystals with standard deviations of the lattice parameter below 1%. The periodic arrangement within the superlattices leads to new well-defined collective plasmon-polariton modes. The general level of achieved superlattice quality will be of benefit for a broad range of applications, ranging from fundamental studies of light-matter interaction to optical metamaterials and substrates for surface-enhanced spectroscopies. Superlattices of nanoparticles promise new properties emerging from the periodic order. Here, the authors describe the synthesis of superlattices of plasmonic gold nanoparticles with high crystallinity and demonstrate how new plasmon-polariton modes appear in the structures.
The 130 GeV gamma-ray line and generic dark matter model building constraints from continuum gamma rays, radio and antiproton data
Creators: name: Asano, Masaki
name: Bringmann, Torsten
name: Sigl, Gunter
name: Vollmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of the Fermi gamma ray space telescope data has recently revealed a resolved gamma-ray feature close to the galactic center which is consistent with monochromatic photons at an energy of about 130 GeV. If interpreted in terms of dark matter (DM) annihilating into γγ(γZ, γh), this would correspond to a DM particle mass of roughly 130 GeV (145 GeV, 155 GeV). The rate for these loop-suppressed processes, however, is larger than typically expected for thermally produced DM. Correspondingly, one would generically expect even larger tree level production rates of standard model fermions or gauge bosons. Here, we quantify this expectation in a rather model-independent way by relating the tree level and loop amplitudes with the help of the optical theorem. As an application, we consider bounds from continuum gamma rays, radio and antiproton data on the tree level amplitudes and translate them into constraints on the loop amplitudes. We find that, independently of the DM production mechanism, any DM model aiming at explaining the line signal in terms of charged standard model particles running in the loop is in rather strong tension with at least one of these constraints, with the exception of loops dominated by top quarks. We stress that attempts to explain the 130 GeV feature with internal bremsstrahlung do not suffer from such difficulties.
description: 16 pages revtex4; 4 figures. Fixed typos and slightly extended discussion, including constraints for scalar DM case. Matches published version
Effects of the low lying Dirac modes on excited hadrons in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Glozman, L. Ya.
name: Lang, C. B.
name: Schröck, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral symmetry breaking in Quantum Chromodynamics is associated with the low lying spectral modes of the Dirac operator according to the Banks-Casher relation. Here we study how removal of a variable number of low lying modes from the valence quark sector affects the masses of the ground states and first excited states of baryons and mesons in two flavor lattice QCD.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to proceedings of "Excited QCD 2012", May 6-12, 2012, Peniche, Portugal
Leaving the Shadow: A Configurational Approach to Explain Post-identification Outcomes of Shadow IT Systems
Creators: name: Fürstenau, Daniel
name: Rothe, Hannes
name: Sandner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Shadow IT
subject: IT governance
subject: Application governance
subject: Configurational method
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: With the advent of end-user and cloud computing, business users can implement information systems for work practices on their own - either from scratch or as extensions to existing systems. The resulting information systems, however, often remain hidden from managers and official IT units, and are therefore called "shadow IT systems". When a shadow IT system is identified, the organization has to decide on the future of this system. The study uses a configurational perspective to explain outcomes of shadow IT system identification, as well as the mechanisms and contextual conditions which bring them about. For this purpose, 27 profiles of shadow IT systems were compiled by conducting 35 interviews with respondents from different positions and industries. The analysis gives insight into six distinct context-mechanism-outcome configurations explaining four outcomes that occur after shadow IT system identification, namely phase-out, replacement, continuing as IT-managed system, and continuing as business-managed system. These results contribute to the shadow IT literature and, more broadly, IS architecture and governance streams of the IS literature. They inform IT managers when these weigh decision options for identified shadow IT systems given different contextual conditions.
Rotation sets with nonempty interior and transitivity in the universal covering
Creators: name: Guelman, Nancy
name: Koropecki, Andres
name: Tal, Fabio Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E45, 37E30

description: Let $f$ be a transitive homeomorphism of the two-dimensional torus in the homotopy class of the identity. We show that a lift of $f$ to the universal covering is transitive if and only if the rotation set of the lift contains the origin in its interior.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Incorporates referee's corrections. To appear in Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Syst
Dynamic FoxP2 levels in male zebra finches are linked to morphology of adult-born Area X medium spiny neurons
Creators: name: Kosubek-Langer, Jennifer
name: Scharff, Constance
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: basal ganglia
subject: indirect pathways
subject: protein-levels
subject: severe speech
subject: song system
subject: language
subject: brain
subject: gene
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The transcription factor FOXP2 is crucial for the formation and function of cortico-striatal circuits. FOXP2 mutations are associated with specific speech and language impairments. In songbirds, experimentally altered FoxP2 expression levels in the striatal song nucleus Area X impair vocal learning and song production. Overall FoxP2 protein levels in Area X are low in adult zebra finches and decrease further with singing. However, some Area X medium spiny neurons (MSNs) express FoxP2 at high levels (FoxP2(high) MSNs) and singing does not change this. Because Area X receives many new neurons throughout adulthood, we hypothesized that the FoxP2(high) MSNs are newly recruited neurons, not yet integrated into the local Area X circuitry and thus not active during singing. Contrary to our expectation, FoxP2 protein levels did not predict whether new MSNs were active during singing, assayed via immediate early gene expression. However, new FoxP2(high) MSNs had more complex dendrites, higher spine density and more mushroom spines than new FoxP2(low) MSNs. In addition, FoxP2 expression levels correlated positively with nucleus size of new MSNs. Together, our data suggest that dynamic FoxP2 levels in new MSNs shape their morphology during maturation and their incorporation into a neural circuit that enables the maintenance and social modulation of adult birdsong.
“PLB Lituanistikos katedroje: Rašytojo (Gordon Mott) ir jo herojaus (Dariaus Žerūno) susitikimai Čikagoje.” (At the Endowed Chair of Lithuanian Studies at UIC: Meeting the writer Gordon Mott and his Character Darisu Žerūnas.)
Creators: name: Subacius, Giedrius
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
The Cosmology of Atomic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Sigurdson, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While, to ensure successful cosmology, dark matter (DM) must kinematically decouple from the standard model plasma very early in the history of the Universe, it can remain coupled to a bath of "dark radiation" until a relatively late epoch. One minimal theory that realizes such a scenario is the Atomic Dark Matter model, in which two fermions oppositely charged under a new U(1) dark force are initially coupled to a thermal bath of "dark photons" but eventually recombine into neutral atom-like bound states and begin forming gravitationally-bound structures. As dark atoms have (dark) atom-sized geometric cross sections, this model also provides an example of self-interacting DM with a velocity-dependent cross section. Delayed kinetic decoupling in this scenario predicts novel DM properties on small scales but retains the success of cold DM on larger scales. We calculate the atomic physics necessary to capture the thermal history of this dark sector and show significant improvements over the standard atomic hydrogen calculation are needed. We solve the Boltzmann equations that govern the evolution of cosmological fluctuations in this model and find in detail the impact of the atomic DM scenario on the matter power spectrum and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This scenario imprints a new length scale, the Dark-Acoustic-Oscillation (DAO) scale, on the matter density field. This DAO scale shapes the small-scale matter power spectrum and determines the minimal DM halo mass at late times which may be many orders of magnitude larger than in a typical WIMP scenario. This model necessarily includes an extra dark radiation component, which may be favoured by current CMB experiments, and we quantify CMB signatures that distinguish an atomic DM scenario from a standard $Λ$CDM model containing extra free-streaming particles. [Abridged]
description: 32 pages + appendices, 24 figure. References added in v2
Comparative studies of urolithins and their phase II metabolites on macrophage and neutrophil functions
Creators: name: Bobowska, Aneta
name: Granica, Sebastian
name: Filipek, Agnieszka
name: Melzig, Matthias F.
name: Moeslinger, Thomas
name: Zentek, Jürgen
name: Kruk, Aleksandra
name: Piwowarski, Jakub P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ellagitannins
subject: Inflammation
subject: Urolithins
subject: Phase II metabolism
subject: Postbiotics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Purpose Ellagitannins are high molecular weight polyphenols present in high quantities in various food products. They are metabolized by human and animal gut microbiota to postbiotic metabolites-urolithins, bioavailable molecules of a low molecular weight. Following absorption in the gut, urolithins rapidly undergo phase II metabolism. Thus, to fully evaluate the mechanisms of their biological activity, the in vitro studies should be conducted for their phase II conjugates, mainly glucuronides. The aim of the study was to comparatively determine the influence of urolithin A, iso-urolithin A, and urolithin B together with their respective glucuronides on processes associated with the inflammatory response. Methods The urolithins obtained by chemical synthesis or isolation from microbiota cultures were tested with their respective glucuronides isolated from human urine towards modulation of inflammatory response in THP-1-derived macrophages, RAW 264.7 macrophages, PBMCs-derived macrophages, and primary neutrophils. Results Urolithin A was confirmed to be the most active metabolite in terms of LPS-induced inflammatory response inhibition (TNF-alpha attenuation, IL-10 induction). The observed strong induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation has been postulated as the mechanism of its action. None of the tested glucuronide conjugates was active in terms of pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha inhibition and anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-beta 1 induction. Conclusion Comparative studies of the most abundant urolithins and their phase II conjugates conducted on human and murine immune cells unambiguously confirmed urolithin A to be the most active metabolite in terms of inhibition of the inflammatory response. Phase II metabolism was shown to result in the loss of urolithins' pharmacological properties.
Asymptotic controllability and optimal control
Creators: name: Motta, Monica
name: Rampazzo, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a control problem where the state must reach asymptotically a target while paying an integral payoff with a non-negative Lagrangian. The dynamics is just continuous, and no assumptions are made on the zero level set of the Lagrangian. Through an inequality involving a positive number $\bar p_0$ and a Minimum Restraint Function $U=U(x)$ --a special type of Control Lyapunov Function-- we provide a condition implying that (i) the control system is asymptotically controllable, and (ii) the value function is bounded above by $U/\bar p_0$.
Climate model variability leads to uncertain predictions of the future abundance of stream macroinvertebrates
Creators: name: Kakouei, Karan
name: Domisch, Sami
name: Kiesel, Jens
name: Kail, Jochem
name: Jähnig, Sonja C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: multimodel ensemble
subject: change projections
subject: euro-cordex
subject: flow
subject: vulnerability
subject: impacts
subject: traits
subject: invertebrates
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Climate change has the potential to alter the flow regimes of rivers and consequently affect the taxonomic and functional diversity of freshwater organisms. We modeled future flow regimes for the 2050 and 2090 time horizons and tested how flow regimes impact the abundance of 150 macroinvertebrate species and their functional trait compositions in one lowland river catchment (Treene) and one mountainous river catchment (Kinzig) in Europe. We used all 16 global circulation models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs) of the CORDEX dataset under the RCP 8.5 scenario to calculate future river flows. The high variability in relative change of flow among the 16 climate models cascaded into the ecological models and resulted in substantially different predicted abundance values for single species. This variability also cascades into any subsequent analysis of taxonomic or functional freshwater biodiversity. Our results showed that flow alteration effects are different depending on the catchment and the underlying species pool. Documenting such uncertainties provides a basis for the further assessment of potential climate-change impacts on freshwater taxa distributions.
Ecological Engineering of Photoorganoheterotrophic Microalgal Mixed Cultures to Valorise Cheese Whey
Creators: name: Giulianetti de Almeida, Maria Paula
name: Mondini, Camille
name: Khayat, Saman
name: Mockaitis, Gustavo
name: Weissbrodt, David G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400410
subject: Wastewater treatment processes

description: Cheese whey is a massive dairying residue world-wide (154 Mm3·y-1) with high organic load, 50% being discharged causing eutrophication. Microalgal technologies capture organics and nutrients yielding added-value biomass and products like triacylglycerol-based biofuel. We studied photoorganoheterotrophy in microalgal mixed cultures to valorise whey. A mother photolithoautotrophic culture was enriched at 35 °C and 80 μmolphotons·m−2·s−1 on BG-11 medium. Photoorganoheterotrophy was tested in opened/sealed batches, using 40% demineralized whey powder concentrate, lactose, or acetate. All organics sustained phototrophic growth. Acetate was most efficiently serving as energy and carbon substrate, metabolised via glyoxylate cycle and possibly bypassing Krebs’ cycle. The selection of photoorganoheterotrophs in mixed cultures benefits from volatile fatty acids supplied by acidogenic pre-fermentation of whey. Scaling up, a 2-L continuous-flow stirred-tank photobioreactor was stabilized for photolithoautotrophy, followed by photoorganoheterotrophic regime applying 18.9 mmolC·L-1 acetate, 96 μmolphotons·m-2·s-1 irradiance, and sparging 50 mL·min- 1 argon. At 0.25 d-1 dilution rate, phototrophs were outcompeted by chemotrophs. At 0.17 d-1, photoorganoheterotrophs established in symbiotic relationship with chemoorganoheterotrophs, by converting acetate, prior to photolithoautotrophic recycling of CO2. The biomass reached 125 mgVSS·L-1 with 95% acetate consumption. Microbiomes were characterized from photolithoautotrophy to photoorganoheterotrophy by bacterial V3-V4 16S and eukaryal V4 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Cyanobium, Synechocystis, Desmodesmus, Scenedesmus and Trebouxiophyceae family relatives dominated in batches, and Synechocystis, Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae affiliates in chemostat. The microecosystems harboured side-populations of aerobic and/or fermentative chemoorganoheterotrophs depending on organics. We currently resolve microbial and metabolic networks by genome-centric metagenomics. Using mathematical modelling that predicts phototrophic growth, we captured conditions to harness photomixotrophs over chemotrophs and simultaneously produce an added-value microalgal biomass encompassing triacylglycerol from pre-fermented and raw cheese whey in cyclic light-organic-feast/dark-organic-famine regime. Photoorganoheterotrophy can be ecologically engineered in mixed-culture biotechnologies to recover bioresources from cheese whey surplus, foster a green circular economy, and safeguard the aquatic environment.
On the Probability of Generating a Lattice
Creators: name: Fontein, Felix
name: Wocjan, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of determining the probability that m vectors selected uniformly at random from the intersection of the full-rank lattice L in R^n and the window [0,B)^n generate $Λ$ when B is chosen to be appropriately large. This problem plays an important role in the analysis of the success probability of quantum algorithms for solving the Discrete Logarithm Problem in infrastructures obtained from number fields and also for computing fundamental units of number fields. We provide the first complete and rigorous proof that 2n+1 vectors suffice to generate L with constant probability (provided that B is chosen to be sufficiently large in terms of n and the covering radius of L and the last n+1 vectors are sampled from a slightly larger window). Based on extensive computer simulations, we conjecture that only n+1 vectors sampled from one window suffice to generate L with constant success probability. If this conjecture is true, then a significantly better success probability of the above quantum algorithms can be guaranteed.
description: 18 pages
A Simple Protocol for Certifying Graph States and Applications in Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Markham, Damian
name: Krause, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: verification
subject: graph states
subject: quantum information networks
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We present a simple protocol for certifying graph states in quantum networks using stabiliser measurements. The certification statements can easily be applied to different protocols using graph states. We see, for example, how it can be used for measurement based verified quantum computation, certified sampling of random unitaries, quantum metrology and sharing quantum secrets over untrusted channels.
A FORÇA DO DIREITO E O DIREITO DA FORÇA
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 04 – n. 07/2016
O Brasil tem se notabilizado internacionalmente como o país que, institucionalmente, é difícil de explicar.
Como, por exemplo, explicar que um senador não sirva para exercer o cargo de Ministro de Estado mas possa exercer o cargo de Senador da República?