cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Approximate Quantum Error-Correcting Codes and Secret Sharing Schemes
Creators: name: Crepeau, Claude
name: Gottesman, Daniel
name: Smith, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is a standard result in the theory of quantum error-correcting codes that no code of length n can fix more than n/4 arbitrary errors, regardless of the dimension of the coding and encoded Hilbert spaces. However, this bound only applies to codes which recover the message exactly. Naively, one might expect that correcting errors to very high fidelity would only allow small violations of this bound. This intuition is incorrect: in this paper we describe quantum error-correcting codes capable of correcting up to (n-1)/2 arbitrary errors with fidelity exponentially close to 1, at the price of increasing the size of the registers (i.e., the coding alphabet). This demonstrates a sharp distinction between exact and approximate quantum error correction. The codes have the property that any $t$ components reveal no information about the message, and so they can also be viewed as error-tolerant secret sharing schemes. The construction has several interesting implications for cryptography and quantum information theory. First, it suggests that secret sharing is a better classical analogue to quantum error correction than is classical error correction. Second, it highlights an error in a purported proof that verifiable quantum secret sharing (VQSS) is impossible when the number of cheaters t is n/4. More generally, the construction illustrates a difference between exact and approximate requirements in quantum cryptography and (yet again) the delicacy of security proofs and impossibility results in the quantum model.
description: 14 pages, no figures
ERA5 Reanalysis Hydrological Parameters and Amu Riverbank Erosion
Creators: name: Mahmoodzada, Abdul Basir
name: Varade, Divyesh
name: Shimada, Sawahiko
name: Okazawa Hiromu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Hydrological modelling
River discharge
Erosion rate
Soil erosion

description: We performed a quantitative analysis of the Amu Riverbank erosion based on the modelled river discharge using ERA5 Reanalysis hydrological data and ground station data for the Kaldar district in Balkh province of Afghanistan. This study investigates the relationship between the Riverbank erosion area and the driving parameters such as the specific stream power and the discharge intensity. Further, shoreline analysis indicates that Afghanistan is losing precious land due to Riverbank erosion over the past decade (2004-2020) amounting to as much as 86 km2 and on average 5.4 km2 every year. This dataset primarily contains the shapefiles for the watershed investigated with the Amu river channel shifting over a block period of years between 2004-2020. The shapefiles were generated using the NDWI determined from pan-sharpened Landsat imagery. Additionally, the ERA5 Reanalysis dataset used in the retrieval of the hydrological parameters and the modelling of Amu river discharge is also provided.
description: Funding Agency: Japan International Cooperation Agency
Theory for Non-Fermi Liquid Temperature Dependence in Resistivity of Ce_xLa_{1-x} Cu_{5.62} Au_{0.38} (x=0.02-0.10) on the Local Quantum Valence Criticality of Ce Impurities
Creators: name: Miyake, Kazumasa
name: Watanabe, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was reported by Shiino et al in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 86, 123705 (2017) that Ce_xLa_{1-x} Cu_{5.62} Au_{0.38} (x=0.02-0.10) exhibits a new type of quantum criticality in both magnetic and thermal properties, which is the same as that observed in a series of materials exhibiting quantum critical valence fluctuations (QCVF), such as β-YbAlB_4, Yb_{15}Al_{34}Au_{51}, and so on. However, the temperature (T) dependence in the resistivity rho(T) for T<0.5K is quite anomalous, i.e., ρ(T)\propto (const.-T^{n}) with n \simeq 0.75 at x=0.05. We find that this anomalous exponent is given by n=2(1-ζ), with zeta being the weakly temperature dependent (0.5 \lsim ζ\lsim 0.7) critical exponent for the QCVF.The observed critical exponent n\simeq 0.75 at x=0.05 is reproduced by choosing ζ\simeq 0.63 which is consistent with the divergent behavior observed in the uniform magnetic susceptibility χ\propto T^{-ζ} with ζ\simeq 0.67 at x=0.02.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, International Conference on Strongly Correlated Systems (SCES2019)
Kinematics of Persistent Currents in Nanotubes and Tori -Time-reversal symmetric gauge field and its application-
Creators: name: Sasaki, K.
name: Kawazoe, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic properties of conducting electrons in carbon nanotubes are reviewed from a theoretical perspective, and studies performed on persistent currents in toroidal carbon nanotubes and on the local energy gap in deformed nanotubes are reported on.
description: 7 pages, 5 figs, invited talk at the 28th International Conference of Theoretical Physics, Electron Correlations in Nano and Macrosystems, Sep 2004, Poland
Additional file 1 of Multi-omics analysis delineates the distinct functions of sub-cellular acetyl-CoA pools in Toxoplasma gondii
Creators: name: Kloehn, Joachim
name: Oppenheim, Rebecca D.
name: Ghizal Siddiqui
name: Pieter-Jan De Bock
name: Dogga, Sunil Kumar
name: Yohann Coute
name: Mohamed-Ali Hakimi
name: Creek, Darren J.
name: Soldati-Favre, Dominique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Figure S1. Generation of ΔACL and iΔACS parasites. PDF image showing a schematic representations of the strategies used to introduce a DDmyc destabilisation domain at the ATG of the locus of acs generating iΔACS (a) and to delete acl (ΔACL) using double homologous recombination (b), scheme adapted from [14]. PCRs were performed on genomic DNA extracted from clones and using primers listed in Additional file 14: Table S8, confirming correct integration of the constructs (c). Abbreviations: GOI: gene of interest; FS: flanking sequence; gRNA: guide RNA; ACL: ATP-citrate lyase; ACS: acetyl-CoA synthetase; HXGPRT: hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase; DD: destabilization domain; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid.
Characterization of steel billet scales generated during the continuous casting process in SIDERPERU steel plant
Creators: name: Borja-Castro, LE
name: Bustamante Dominguez, A
name: Valerio-Cuadros, MI
name: Valencia-Bedregal, RA
name: Cabrera-Tinoco, HA
name: Espinoza Suarez, SM
name: Kargin, J
name: Moreno, NO
name: Barnes, Crispin
name: De Los Santos Valladares, Luis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
Proceedings of the International Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect (ICAME 2021), 5-10 September 2021, Brasov, Romania
Steel billet scale
Continuous casting
Iron oxides
Mössbauer spectroscopy

description: AbstractTons of waste is produced during iron steel’s industrial production, creating environmental pollution. This work aims to characterize the steel scale formed on the billet surface during the last step of steel production in the SIDERPERU steel plant. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows stacked layers one above the other on steel billets scales surface. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) reveal the high content of Fe and O, with Ca, Si, Mn, and Cr as minority elemental compounds. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) shows FeO, α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 as crystallographic phases. Magnetometry reveals Verwey transition and paramagnetic signals that screen the Morin transition. Mössbauer Spectroscopy at room temperature displays magnetic and non-magnetic parts. The non-magnetic part has the hyperfine parameters corresponding to predominant nonstoichiometric wustite. Octahedral (Fe+2/Fe3+) and tetrahedral Fe+3 hyperfine fields of 46.0 and 49.4 T values respectively are associated to nonstoichiometric magnetite and another sextet with a hyperfine field of 52.0 T is related to hematite.
Additional file 1 of School-related physical activity interventions and mental health among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Andermo, Susanne
name: Hallgren, Mats
name: Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen
name: Jonsson, Sofie
name: Petersen, Solveig
name: Friberg, Marita
name: Romqvist, Anja
name: Stubbs, Brendon
name: Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Online resource 1. Search strategy.
Additional file 2 of School-related physical activity interventions and mental health among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Andermo, Susanne
name: Hallgren, Mats
name: Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen
name: Jonsson, Sofie
name: Petersen, Solveig
name: Friberg, Marita
name: Romqvist, Anja
name: Stubbs, Brendon
name: Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Online resource 2. Excluded studies.
Local laser-induced solid-phase recrystallization of phosphorus-implanted Si/SiGe heterostructures for contacts below 4.2 K
Creators: name: Neul, Malte
name: Sprave, Isabelle V.
name: Diebel, Laura K.
name: Zinkl, Lukas G.
name: Fuchs, Florian
name: Yamamoto, Yuji
name: Vedder, Christian
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Schreiber, Lars R.
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: arXiv (2023). doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2312.06267
description: Si/SiGe heterostructures are of high interest for high mobility transistor and qubit applications, specifically for operations below 4.2 K. In order to optimize parameters such as charge mobility, built-in strain, electrostatic disorder, charge noise and valley splitting, these heterostructures require Ge concentration profiles close to mono-layer precision. Ohmic contacts to undoped heterostructures are usually facilitated by a global annealing step activating implanted dopants, but compromising the carefully engineered layer stack due to atom diffusion and strain relaxation in the active device region. We demonstrate a local laser-based annealing process for recrystallization of ion-implanted contacts in SiGe, greatly reducing the thermal load on the active device area. To quickly adapt this process to the constantly evolving heterostructures, we deploy a calibration procedure based exclusively on optical inspection at room-temperature. We measure the electron mobility and contact resistance of laser annealed Hall bars at temperatures below 4.2 K and obtain values similar or superior than that of a globally annealed reference samples. This highlights the usefulness of laser-based annealing to take full advantage of high-performance Si/SiGe heterostructures.
description: Published by arXiv
Global analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic using simple epidemiological models
Creators: name: Amaro, J. E.
name: Dudouet, J.
name: Orce, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several analytical models have been used in this work to describe the evolution of death cases arising from coronavirus (COVID-19). The Death or `D' model is a simplified version of the SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered) model, which assumes no recovery over time, and allows for the transmission-dynamics equations to be solved analytically. The D-model can be extended to describe various focuses of infection, which may account for the original pandemic (D1), the lockdown (D2) and other effects (Dn). The evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries (China, Spain, Italy, France, UK, Iran, USA and Germany) shows a similar behavior in concord with the D-model trend, characterized by a rapid increase of death cases followed by a slow decline, which are affected by the earliness and efficiency of the lockdown effect. These results are in agreement with more accurate calculations using the extended SIR model with a parametrized solution and more sophisticated Monte Carlo grid simulations, which predict similar trends and indicate a common evolution of the pandemic with universal parameters.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Adjustable spin torque in magnetic tunnel junctions with two fixed layers
Creators: name: Fuchs, G. D.
name: Krivorotov, I. N.
name: Braganca, P. M.
name: Emley, N. C.
name: Garcia, A. G. F.
name: Ralph, D. C.
name: Buhrman, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with an additional fixed magnetic layer added above the magnetic free layer of a standard MTJ structure. This acts as a second source of spin-polarized electrons that, depending on the relative alignment of the two fixed layers, either augments or diminishes the net spin-torque exerted on the free layer. The compound structure allows a quantitative comparison of spin-torque from tunneling electrons and from electrons passing through metallic spacer layers, as well as analysis of Joule selfheating effects. This has significance for current-switched magnetic random access memory (MRAM), where spin torque is exploited, and for magnetic sensing, where spin torque is detrimental.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett
geneBasis: an iterative approach for unsupervised selection of targeted gene panels from scRNA-seq.
Creators: name: Missarova, Alsu
name: Jain, Jaison
name: Butler, Andrew
name: Ghazanfar, Shila
name: Stuart, Tim
name: Brusko, Maigan
name: Wasserfall, Clive
name: Nick, Harry
name: Brusko, Todd
name: Atkinson, Mark
name: Satija, Rahul
name: Marioni, John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Method

description: Funder: European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) (4843)
description: scRNA-seq datasets are increasingly used to identify gene panels that can be probed using alternative technologies, such as spatial transcriptomics, where choosing the best subset of genes is vital. Existing methods are limited by a reliance on pre-existing cell type labels or by difficulties in identifying markers of rare cells. We introduce an iterative approach, geneBasis, for selecting an optimal gene panel, where each newly added gene captures the maximum distance between the true manifold and the manifold constructed using the currently selected gene panel. Our approach outperforms existing strategies and can resolve cell types and subtle cell state differences.
Understanding Recurrent Neural Networks Using Nonequilibrium Response Theory
Creators: name: Lim, Soon Hoe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are brain-inspired models widely used in machine learning for analyzing sequential data. The present work is a contribution towards a deeper understanding of how RNNs process input signals using the response theory from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. For a class of continuous-time stochastic RNNs (SRNNs) driven by an input signal, we derive a Volterra type series representation for their output. This representation is interpretable and disentangles the input signal from the SRNN architecture. The kernels of the series are certain recursively defined correlation functions with respect to the unperturbed dynamics that completely determine the output. Exploiting connections of this representation and its implications to rough paths theory, we identify a universal feature -- the response feature, which turns out to be the signature of tensor product of the input signal and a natural support basis. In particular, we show that SRNNs, with only the weights in the readout layer optimized and the weights in the hidden layer kept fixed and not optimized, can be viewed as kernel machines operating on a reproducing kernel Hilbert space associated with the response feature.
description: 48 pages
The Dynamics of Viral Marketing
Creators: name: Leskovec, Jure
name: Adamic, Lada A.
name: Huberman, Bernardo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an analysis of a person-to-person recommendation network, consisting of 4 million people who made 16 million recommendations on half a million products. We observe the propagation of recommendations and the cascade sizes, which we explain by a simple stochastic model. We analyze how user behavior varies within user communities defined by a recommendation network. Product purchases follow a 'long tail' where a significant share of purchases belongs to rarely sold items. We establish how the recommendation network grows over time and how effective it is from the viewpoint of the sender and receiver of the recommendations. While on average recommendations are not very effective at inducing purchases and do not spread very far, we present a model that successfully identifies communities, product and pricing categories for which viral marketing seems to be very effective.
A Comprehensive Study on Deep Learning-based Methods for Sign Language Recognition
Creators: name: Adaloglou, Nikolas
name: Chatzis, Theocharis
name: Papastratis, Ilias
name: Stergioulas, Andreas
name: Papadopoulos, Georgios Th.
name: Zacharopoulou, Vassia
name: Xydopoulos, George J.
name: Atzakas, Klimnis
name: Papazachariou, Dimitris
name: Daras, Petros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a comparative experimental assessment of computer vision-based methods for sign language recognition is conducted. By implementing the most recent deep neural network methods in this field, a thorough evaluation on multiple publicly available datasets is performed. The aim of the present study is to provide insights on sign language recognition, focusing on mapping non-segmented video streams to glosses. For this task, two new sequence training criteria, known from the fields of speech and scene text recognition, are introduced. Furthermore, a plethora of pretraining schemes is thoroughly discussed. Finally, a new RGB+D dataset for the Greek sign language is created. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first sign language dataset where sentence and gloss level annotations are provided for a video capture.
Challenges and opportunities of gravitational-wave searches at MHz to GHz frequencies
Creators: name: Aggarwal, N
name: Aguiar, OD
name: Bauswein, A
name: Cella, G
name: Clesse, S
name: Cruise, AM
name: Domcke, V
name: Figueroa, DG
name: Geraci, A
name: Goryachev, M
name: Grote, H
name: Hindmarsh, M
name: Muia, Francesco
name: Mukund, N
name: Ottaway, D
name: Peloso, M
name: Quevedo, F
name: Ricciardone, A
name: Steinlechner, J
name: Steinlechner, S
name: Sun, S
name: Tobar, ME
name: Torrenti, F
name: Ünal, C
name: White, G
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review Article
Ultra-high-frequency gravitational waves
Cosmological gravitational waves
Gravitational wave detectors
Fundamental physics with gavitational waves

description: AbstractThe first direct measurement of gravitational waves by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations has opened up new avenues to explore our Universe. This white paper outlines the challenges and gains expected in gravitational-wave searches at frequencies above the LIGO/Virgo band, with a particular focus on Ultra High-Frequency Gravitational Waves (UHF-GWs), covering the MHz to GHz range. The absence of known astrophysical sources in this frequency range provides a unique opportunity to discover physics beyond the Standard Model operating both in the early and late Universe, and we highlight some of the most promising gravitational sources. We review several detector concepts that have been proposed to take up this challenge, and compare their expected sensitivity with the signal strength predicted in various models. This report is the summary of the workshop “Challenges and opportunities of high-frequency gravitational wave detection” held at ICTP Trieste, Italy in October 2019, that set up the stage for the recently launched Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Wave (UHF-GW) initiative.
Can Planet Nine Be Detected Gravitationally by a Sub-Relativistic Spacecraft?
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet 9 was proposed as an explanation for the clustering of orbits for some trans-Neuptunian objects. Recently, the use of a sub-relativistic spacecraft was proposed to indirectly probe Planet 9's gravitational influence. Here we study the effects of the drag and electromagnetic forces exerted on a sub-relativistic spacecraft by the interstellar medium (ISM) and compare these forces with the gravitational force induced by Planet 9. We find that the resulting noise due to density and magnetic fluctuations would dominate over Planet 9's gravitational signal at sub-relativistic speeds, $v\gtrsim 0.001~c$. We then identify the parameter space required to overcome the drag and magnetic noise from the ISM turbulence and enable the detection of Planet 9's gravity. Finally, we discuss practical strategies to mitigate the effect of the drag and electromagnetic forces.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; accepted to ApJL
Additional file 13 of Multi-omics analysis delineates the distinct functions of sub-cellular acetyl-CoA pools in Toxoplasma gondii
Creators: name: Kloehn, Joachim
name: Oppenheim, Rebecca D.
name: Ghizal Siddiqui
name: Pieter-Jan De Bock
name: Dogga, Sunil Kumar
name: Yohann Coute
name: Mohamed-Ali Hakimi
name: Creek, Darren J.
name: Soldati-Favre, Dominique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13 : Figure S6. Generation of parasites lacking BCKDH, FNT-1 or both. PDF image displaying the (a) schematic representation of the strategy to deplete the fnt-1 locus and replace it with a dhfr-ts resistance cassette. (b) PCRs were performed on genomic DNA extracted from clones and using primers listed in Additional file 14: Table S8, confirming correct integration of the constructs. (c) Table summarising the growth defect in the various strains described throughout the manuscript. Abbreviations: BCKDH: branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase-complex; FS: flanking sequence; DHFR-TS: dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase; FNT: formate/nitrite transporter; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; ACL: ATP-citrate lyase; ACS: acetyl-CoA synthetase; BCKDH: branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase-complex; PEPCK: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1.
Mapping the temporal and spatial dynamics of the human endometrium in vivo and in vitro.
Creators: name: Garcia-Alonso, Luz
name: Handfield, Louis-François
name: Roberts, Kenny
name: Nikolakopoulou, Konstantina
name: Fernando, Ridma C
name: Gardner, Lucy
name: Woodhams, Benjamin
name: Arutyunyan, Anna
name: Polanski, Krzysztof
name: Hoo, Regina
name: Sancho-Serra, Carmen
name: Li, Tong
name: Kwakwa, Kwasi
name: Tuck, Elizabeth
name: Lorenzi, Valentina
name: Massalha, Hassan
name: Prete, Martin
name: Kleshchevnikov, Vitalii
name: Tarkowska, Aleksandra
name: Porter, Tarryn
name: Mazzeo, Cecilia Icoresi
name: Van Dongen, Stijn
name: Dabrowska, Monika
name: Vaskivskyi, Vasyl
name: Mahbubani, Krishnaa
name: Park, Jong-Eun
name: Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes
name: Campos, Lia
name: Kiselev, Vladimir Yu
name: Lindskog, Cecilia
name: Ayuk, Paul
name: Prigmore, Elena
name: Stratton, Michael R
name: Saeb-Parsy, Kourosh
name: Moffett, Ashley
name: Moore, Luiza
name: Bayraktar, Omer A
name: Teichmann, Sarah
name: Turco, Margherita Y
name: Vento-Tormo, Roser
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/80
/631/45
article

description: The endometrium, the mucosal lining of the uterus, undergoes dynamic changes throughout the menstrual cycle in response to ovarian hormones. We have generated dense single-cell and spatial reference maps of the human uterus and three-dimensional endometrial organoid cultures. We dissect the signaling pathways that determine cell fate of the epithelial lineages in the lumenal and glandular microenvironments. Our benchmark of the endometrial organoids reveals the pathways and cell states regulating differentiation of the secretory and ciliated lineages both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro downregulation of WNT or NOTCH pathways increases the differentiation efficiency along the secretory and ciliated lineages, respectively. We utilize our cellular maps to deconvolute bulk data from endometrial cancers and endometriotic lesions, illuminating the cell types dominating in each of these disorders. These mechanistic insights provide a platform for future development of treatments for common conditions including endometriosis and endometrial carcinoma.
Highly Ionized Gas in the Galactic Halo and the High Velocity Clouds Toward PG 1116+215
Creators: name: Ganguly, Rajib
name: Sembach, Kenneth R.
name: Tripp, Todd M.
name: Savage, Blair D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained high resolution FUSE and HST/STIS echelle observations of the quasar PG 1116+215. The semi-continuous coverage of the ultraviolet spectrum over the wavelength range 916-2800 provides detections of Galactic and high velocity cloud (HVC) absorption over a wide range of ionization species over the local standard of rest velocity range -100 - +200 km/s. The high dispersion of these spectra (6.5-20 km/s) reveals that low ionization species consist of five discrete components, three at low-to-intermediate velocities, and two at high velocities (v = +100, +184 km/s). Over the same velocity range, the higher ionization species show continuous absorption with column density peaks at v = +10 km/s +184 km/s. The absorption kinematics of the v=+184 km/s HVC suggest a scenario in which a low-ionization cloud of gas is streaming through a hot external medium that is stripping gas from this cloud. Using the OI and HI column densities, we estimate [O/H]=-0.66, with a substantial uncertainty due to saturation of the HI Lyman series. If the ionization of the cloud core is photonionization by the extragalactic UV background, we estimate the cloud has a density of 10^-2.7 cm^-3. If photons escaping the Galactic disk are also included, the density could be higher by nearly 2 dex. In either case, the relative abundances of O, Si, and Fe in the cloud core are readily explained by a solar pattern. Magellanic Stream gas is a possible origin for this gas and is consistent with the location of the HVC on the sky, as well as its high positive velocity, the ionization, and metallicity. [Abridged]
description: 65 pages, including 12 figures and 9 tables; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Blue-Cloud 2026 - D5.1 Blue Cloud VRE Common Services 1st Release
Creators: name: Assante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Analytics Engine
Big Data
Catalogue
Cloud Computing Platform
Data Miner
Dataspace
EOSC
Identity and Access Management
Information System
JupyterLab
RStudio
VRE Management
Virtual Labs
Virtual Research Environment
Workspace

description: This deliverable documents the design principles and software architecture
characterising the release and development of the Blue-Cloud Virtual
Research Environment (VRE) common services, namely the analytics computing
framework, the catalogue framework, the storage framework and the enabling
framework components. This report is the first of two versions, each one
describing the design associated with a specific version of the VRE. This
deliverable focuses on the design principles and software architecture
included in the first release of ththis one as released at M12 (December
2023), while a second release is due at the end of the third year of the
project and will be reported in D5.4 Blue-Cloud VRE Common Services 2nd
Release (M36), due in December 2025. The deliverable consists of six
sections. * Section 1 briefly introduces the role of this deliverable in
the development and delivery of the Blue-Cloud VRE common services. *
Section 2 describes the Blue-Cloud VRE logical architecture of the common
services and how they relate to the other services available in the VRE. *
Section 3, 4, 5 and 6 document the first release of the Blue-Cloud VRE
common services available at M12, reporting the design principles and
reference software architecture of the released solutions. Specifically,
Section 3 describes the analytics computing framework which includes the
Analytics Engine, the RStudio and the Jupyter Notebooks via JupyterHub.
Section 4 presents the VRE Catalogue framework and its components, and
section 5 reports on the Storage framework. * Finally, section 6 concludes
the report by illustrating the services composing the Enabling framework,
which is used as a common ground for all the above-mentioned frameworks.
Additional file 1 of Safety of pharmacologic interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Watt, Jennifer A.
name: Goodarzi, Zahra
name: Veroniki, Areti Angeliki
name: Nincic, Vera
name: Khan, Paul A.
name: Ghassemi, Marco
name: Thompson, Yuan
name: Yonda Lai
name: Treister, Victoria
name: Tricco, Andrea C.
name: Straus, Sharon E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix.
Activity-induced instabilities of brain organoids.
Creators: name: Thijssen, Kristian
name: Kusters, Guido LA
name: Doostmohammadi, Amin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regular Article - Living Systems
Tissue Mechanics

description: Funder: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007601; doi: Horizon 2020; Grant(s): 722497
description: Funder: Dutch Research Council (NWO) in the framework of the ENW PPP Fund for the top sectors and from the Ministry of Economic Affairs in the framework of the ‘PPS-Toeslagregeling’.
description: We present an analytical and numerical investigation of the activity-induced hydrodynamic instabilities in model brain organoids. While several mechanisms have been introduced to explain the experimental observation of surface instabilities in brain organoids, the role of activity has been largely overlooked. Our results show that the active stress generated by the cells can be a, previously overlooked, contributor to the emergence of surface deformations in brain organoids.
A high frequency optical trap for atoms using Hermite-Gaussian beams
Creators: name: Meyrath, T. P.
name: Schreck, F.
name: Hanssen, J. L.
name: Chuu, C. -S.
name: Raizen, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental method to create a single high frequency optical trap for atoms based on an elongated Hermite-Gaussian TEM01 mode beam. This trap results in confinement strength similar to that which may be obtained in an optical lattice. We discuss an optical setup to produce the trapping beam and then detail a method to load a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) into a TEM01 trap. Using this method, we have succeeded in producing individual highly confined lower dimensional condensates.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The leading asymptotic terms of the three-body Coulomb scattering wave function
Creators: name: Mukhamedzhanov, A. M.
name: Kadyrov, A. S.
name: Pirlepesov, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asymptotic wave function derived by Alt and Mukhamedzhanov [Phys. Rev. A 47, 2004 (1993)] and Mukhamedzhanov and Lieber [Phys. Rev. A 54, 3078 (1996)] has been refined in the region where the pair $ (β,γ)$ remains close to each other while the third particle $α$ is far away from them $(ρ_α \to \infty$, $r_α/ρ_α\to 0)$. The improved wave function satisfies the Schrödinger equation up to the terms of order $O(1/{ρ_α}^{3})$, provides the leading asymptotic terms of the three-body scattering wave function with Coulomb interactions and gives further insight into the continuum behavior of the three-charged-particle wave function and helps to obtain $3\to 3$ scattered wave. This opens up further ways of solving and analysing the three-body Schrödinger equation by numerical means.
Biological heterogeneity in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension identified through unsupervised transcriptomic profiling of whole blood.
Creators: name: Kariotis, Sokratis
name: Jammeh, Emmanuel
name: Swietlik, Emilia M
name: Pickworth, Josephine A
name: Rhodes, Christopher J
name: Otero, Pablo
name: Wharton, John
name: Iremonger, James
name: Dunning, Mark J
name: Pandya, Divya
name: Mascarenhas, Thomas S
name: Errington, Niamh
name: Thompson, AA Roger
name: Romanoski, Casey E
name: Rischard, Franz
name: Garcia, Joe GN
name: Yuan, Jason X-J
name: An, Tae-Hwi Schwantes
name: Desai, Ankit A
name: Coghlan, Gerry
name: Lordan, Jim
name: Corris, Paul A
name: Howard, Luke S
name: Condliffe, Robin
name: Kiely, David G
name: Church, Colin
name: Pepke-Zaba, Joanna
name: Toshner, Mark
name: Wort, Stephen
name: Graf, Stefan
name: Morrell, Nicholas W
name: Wilkins, Martin R
name: Lawrie, Allan
name: Wang, Dennis
name: UK National PAH Cohort Study Consortium
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/114/1386
/631/114/2404
/631/1647/2217
/692/4019/592/75
/38/91
/49/39
article

description: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a rare but fatal disease diagnosed by right heart catheterisation and the exclusion of other forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension, producing a heterogeneous population with varied treatment response. Here we show unsupervised machine learning identification of three major patient subgroups that account for 92% of the cohort, each with unique whole blood transcriptomic and clinical feature signatures. These subgroups are associated with poor, moderate, and good prognosis. The poor prognosis subgroup is associated with upregulation of the ALAS2 and downregulation of several immunoglobulin genes, while the good prognosis subgroup is defined by upregulation of the bone morphogenetic protein signalling regulator NOG, and the C/C variant of HLA-DPA1/DPB1 (independently associated with survival). These findings independently validated provide evidence for the existence of 3 major subgroups (endophenotypes) within the IPAH classification, could improve risk stratification and provide molecular insights into the pathogenesis of IPAH.
Additional file 7 of Longitudinal immune cell monitoring identified CD14++ CD16+ intermediate monocyte as a marker of relapse in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Kotaro
name: Suzuki, Katsuya
name: Yoshimoto, Keiko
name: Noriyasu Seki
name: Tsujimoto, Hideto
name: Chiba, Kenji
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 1. Antibodies used in FACS analysis.
Quantum mechanics is a calculus for estimation under epistemic restriction
Creators: name: Budiyono, Agung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a statistical model with an epistemic restriction such that, unlike in classical mechanics, the allowed distribution of positions is fundamentally restricted by the form of an underlying momentum field. Assume an agent (observer) who wishes to estimate the momentum field given information on the conjugate positions. We discuss a classically consistent, weakly unbiased, best estimation of the momentum field minimizing the mean squared error, based on which the abstract mathematical rules of quantum mechanics can be derived. The results suggest that quantum wave function is not an objective agent-independent attribute of reality, but represents the agent's best estimation of the momentum, given the positions, under epistemic restriction. Quantum uncertainty and complementarity between momentum and position find their epistemic origin from the trade-off between the mean squared errors of simultaneous estimations of momentum field and mean position, with the Gaussian wave function represents the simultaneous efficient estimations, achieving the Cramér-Rao bounds of the associated mean squared errors. We then argue that unitary time evolution and wave function collapse in measurement are normative rules for an agent to update her/his estimation given information on the experimental settings.
description: 38 pages, comments welcome
Plug flow and the breakdown of Bagnold scaling in cohesive granular flows
Creators: name: Brewster, Robert
name: Grest, Gary S.
name: Landry, James W.
name: Levine, Alex J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cohesive granular media flowing down an inclined plane are studied by discrete element simulations. Previous work on cohesionless granular media demonstrated that within the steady flow regime where gravitational energy is balanced by dissipation arising from intergrain forces, the velocity profile in the flow direction scales with depth in a manner consistent with the predictions of Bagnold. Here we demonstrate that this Bagnold scaling does not hold for the analogous steady-flows in cohesive granular media. We develop a generalization of the Bagnold constitutive relation to account for our observation and speculate as to the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the different constitutive laws for cohesive and noncohesive granular media.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Progressive damage modeling of composite materials under compressive loads
Creators: name: Zobeiry, Navid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The in-plane compressive strength of fibre reinforced composite materials is known to be less than their corresponding tensile strength. There are a multitude of compression damage mechanisms that occur in composites, the form of which depends on the properties of the constituents and fibre lay-up. These mechanisms primarily consist of a combination of matrix cracking (yielding), localized buckling of fibres or kinking, and delamination. Whether the interest is to assess the structural integrity of composite materials in-service or to quantify their energy absorption capability under axial crushing, it is crucial to have predictive analysis tools that capture the physics of the damage mechanisms and their propagation under compressive loads. In this study, a constitutive model is formulated for the complete in-plane response of composite materials within the framework of a previously developed continuum damage mechanics model CODAM (Williams, 1998; Williams et al., 2003; Floyd, 2004). While the previous CODAM formulation was limited to simulating the progression of damage under tensile loading, the current formulation accounts for the initiation and propagation of damage under compression, tension and load reversals in each mode of loading. The model is implemented in the commercial finite element code, LS-DYNA, and combined with a modified crack band model originally developed by Bazant (Bazant and Planas, 1998) to overcome the mesh sensitivity problems that plague all strain-softening type constitutive models. The new model is validated against two sets of experimental data available in the literature, namely, eccentric compression loading of notched sandwich panels of various sizes (Bayldon, 2003a, 2003b), and axial compression of composite panels with central open holes of various panel and hole sizes (Soutis et al., 1993, 2002). It is shown that for these loading applications the predictions of the compressive strengths and the degree of size effect are in good agreement with the measured experimental results. Since the formulation of the model and its calibration are based entirely on the fundamental physics of the damage mechanisms, these successful validations instil confidence in exercising the model for predicting the response of composite structures of various sizes under a variety of in-plane loading applications involving compression, tension and load reversals.
Fractional Brownian motion meets topology: statistical and topological properties of globular macromolecules with volume interactions
Creators: name: Astakhov, A. M.
name: Avetisov, V. A.
name: Nechaev, S. K.
name: Polovnikov, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper we investigate statistical and topological properties of fractional Brownian polymer chains, equipped with the short-range volume interactions. The attention is paid to statistical properties of collapsed conformations with the fractal dimension $D_f\ge 2$ in the three-dimensional space, which are analyzed both numerically and \textit{via} the mean-field Flory approach. Our study is motivated by an attempt to mimic the conformational statistics of collapsed unknotted polymer rings, which are known to form compact hierarchical crumpled globules (CG) with $D_f=3$ at large scales. Replacing the topologically-stabilized CG state by a self-avoiding fractal path adjusted to the fractal dimension $D_f=3$ we tremendously simplify the problem of generating compact self-avoiding conformations since we wash out the topological constraints from the consideration. We make use of the Monte-Carlo simulations to prepare the equilibrium ensemble of swollen chains with various fractal dimensions. A combination of the Flory arguments with statistical analysis of the conformations from simulations allows one to infer the dependence of the critical exponent of the swollen chains on the fractal dimension of the seed chain. We show that with the increase of $D_f$, typical conformations become more territorial and less knotted. Distributions of the knot complexity, $P(χ)$ for various fractal dimensions of the swollen chains suggest a close relationship between statistical and topological properties of fractal paths with volume interactions.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures (+5 figures in the supplement)
Wymiecinkowate (Coleoptera: Latridiidae) Puszczy Noteckiej
Creators: name: Radosław Plewa
name: Aleksander Dziuk
name: Artur Rutkiewicz
name: Tomasz Jaworski
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Coccinelloidea, new records, faunistics, cross-vane trap, trap color, Western Poland

description: Minute brown scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Latridiidae) of the Notecka Forest.This paper presents the results of trapping beetles of the Latridiidae family in the Notecka Forest in westernPoland. The material was collected in 2022 as part of the study on the pine sawyer beetle Monochamusgalloprovincialis (Olivier, 1800) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), using IBL-5 traps of various colors baitedwith the attractant Galloprotect Pack (SEDQ, Spain). During the study, 14 species of Latridiidae werecollected (424 individuals), including Melanophthalma rhenana Rücker et Johnson, 2007 – a new speciesin the Polish fauna. Corticaria alleni Johnson, 1974 and Enicmus planipennis Strand, 1940 were recordedfor the first time in the Wielkopolska-Kujawy Lowland. Taking into account the results of the present studyand previously published data, 17 species are currently known from the Notecka Forest, which correspondsto about 22% of the Latridiidae fauna of Poland.
Intelligent Reflecting Surface based Passive Information Transmission: A Symbol-Level Precoding Approach
Creators: name: Liu, Rang
name: Li, Ming
name: Liu, Qian
name: Swindlehurst, A. Lee
name: Wu, Qingqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) have been proposed as a revolutionary technology owing to its capability of adaptively reconfiguring the propagation environment in a cost-effective and hardware-efficient fashion. While the application of IRS as a passive reflector to enhance the performance of wireless communications has been widely investigated in the literature, using IRS as a passive transmitter recently is emerging as a new concept and attracting steadily growing interest. In this paper, we propose two novel IRS-based passive information transmission systems using advanced symbol-level precoding. One is a standalone passive information transmission system, where the IRS operates as a passive transmitter serving multiple receivers by adjusting its elements to reflect unmodulated carrier signals. The other is a joint passive reflection and information transmission system, where the IRS not only enhances transmissions for multiple primary information receivers (PIRs) by passive reflection, but also simultaneously delivers additional information to a secondary information receiver (SIR) by embedding its information into the primary signals at the symbol level. Two typical optimization problems, i.e., power minimization and quality-of-service (QoS) balancing, are investigated for the proposed IRS-based passive information transmission systems. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of IRS-based passive information transmission and the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms, as compared to other benchmark schemes.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, major revision