cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transnational organized crime in the United States
Creators: name: Minogue, Nicholas P.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the problem of transnational crime in the United States and determine if it is a significant threat to the United States and worthy of its own research agenda. It was found through a nationwide survey of 400 law enforcement agencies throughout the United States (228 respondents) that transnational criminal organizations were operational in the majority of these jurisdictions in 1999, (54 percent), and that these groups are involved in wide variety of illegal activities including drug trafficking, money laundering, high tech crime, financial fraud, and many other unlawful operations associated with organized crime. The police departments that reported active transnational criminal organizations in their jurisdictions in 1999 also expected these criminal groups to become a growing menace over the next five years. It was also found that virtually every state and city, regardless of size or geographic location, is vulnerable to the pernicious criminal activities of transnational organized crime groups. Furthermore, it was discovered that most of these criminal networks became active in the United States during the 1990s and are likely to expand their operations in this country in future years. The international dimensions of transnational organized crime were also explored through an examination of how these groups have evolved over the last several decades. These groups have greatly expanded their operations around the world in recent decades due in large part to changes in the geopolitical environment, advances in the transportation and telecommunications industries, the globalization of the world's economies, and the permeability of national boundaries. The threats transnational criminal organizations pose to Americans and their communities, national sovereignty, business and financial institutions, and global security and stability are also examined in this study. Lastly, this study examined some of the major transnational criminal organizations operational in the United States, how they evolved, their criminal operations, and when they first started to penetrate this country.
Di-chromatic Interpolation of Magnetic Resonance Metabolic Imagery
Creators: name: Dwork, Nicholas
name: Gordon, Jeremy W.
name: Tang, Shuyu
name: O'Connor, Daniel
name: Hansen, Esben Sovso Szocska
name: Laustsen, Christoffer
name: Larson, Peder E. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized contrast agents can provide unprecedented \textit{in-vivo} measurements of metabolism, but yields images that are lower resolution than that achieved with proton anatomical imaging. In order to spatially localize the metabolic activity, the metabolic image must be interpolated to the size of the proton image. The most common methods for choosing the unknown values rely exclusively on values of the original un-interpolated image. In this work, we present an alternative method that uses the higher-resolution proton image to provide additional spatial structure. The interpolated image is the result of a convex optimization algorithm which is solved with the Fast Iterative Shrinkage Threshold Algorithm (FISTA). Results are shown with images of hyperpolarized pyruvate, lactate, and bicarbonate using data of the heart and brain from healthy human volunteers, a healthy porcine heart, and a human with prostate cancer.
description: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology, and Medicine (2021)
A conceptual framework for designing a model health promotion informatic system for improving the health status and quality of life of Americans
Creators: name: Studach, John Ray
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study used a conceptual framework to examine how advanced information systems should be developed and used to improve the health and quality of life of Americans. In this study the problem was defined as the poor lifestyle choices and health habits of Americans. The research problem was defined in terms of how to develop and use a conceptual framework for the design of a system that is based on the best theoretical science, that features the right mix of technologies, and that is sufficiently sophisticated and comprehensive to be able to address the health problem in a highly effective manner. The goal of this study was to produce a design for a model informatic system that could be used as a blue print for the multidisciplinary development teams and researchers who will be working on or evaluating the next generation of health promoting technologies. A mixed-methodology design and the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model were used to develop the conceptual framework, design the model system, and, in the process, indicate how and why this particular framework and innovative design would be superior to the other products and systems that are on the market today. The recommended state-of-the-art informatic system design is based on the concepts and principles of health promotion and the Transtheoretical model. It was designed so that it would be capable of improving the health status of individuals and reducing the economic burden on organizations and the society as a whole. The discussion covers the void that this framework and design fills as well as the implications of and potential for building and deploying advanced informatic systems on a population-wide basis. The implications of this research for health practitioners, consumers, healthcare providers and agents of care, information systems developers, researchers, and policy makers are reviewed in the discussion. Suggestions for areas of further research are included.
Battle Participation Award for the Italian Campaign
Creators: name: George, J.R.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: Memos
subject: World War II
subject: 12th General Hospital
subject: Military decorations
subject: World War, 1939-1945
subject: Conner, James A. (James Augustus), 1903-2001

description: Letter that authorizes James A. Conner, Major, to "wear one Bronze Star on the European-African Middle Eastern Campaign Ribbon for service ... of the Italian Campaign."
Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Greene, J. E.
name: Ho, L. C.
name: Barth, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first homogeneous sample of intermediate-mass black hole candidates in active galactic nuclei. Starting with broad-line active nuclei from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we use the linewidth-luminosity-mass scaling relation to select a sample of 19 galaxies in the mass range M_BH ~ 8 x 10^4 - 10^6 solar masses. In contrast to the local active galaxy population, the host galaxies are ~1 mag fainter than M* and thus are probably late-type systems. The active nuclei are also faint, with M_g ~ -15 to -18 mag, while the bolometric luminosities are close to the Eddington limit. The spectral properties of the sample are compared to the related class of objects known as narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. We discuss the importance of our sample as observational analogues of primordial black holes, contributors to the integrated signal for future gravitational wave experiments, and as a valuable tool in the calibration of the M-sigma relation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in "The Interplay among Black Holes, Stars and ISM in Galactic Nuclei," Proc. IAU 222 (Gramado, Brazil), eds Th. Storchi Bergmann, L.C. Ho, H.R. Schmitt
title: The analysis of biological fluids for acylcarnitines
Creators: name: Kelly, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: This thesis outlines the development and evolution of a method for the analysis of biological fluids for acylcamitines. These compounds are of interest due to their role in the metabolism of fatty acids and their use as indicators of metabolic defects, which have been associated with SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome).

These compounds are zwitterionic and thermally labile in nature and would not traditionally lend themselves to gas chromatographic - mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. Described in this thesis is a method whereby lactonisation of the acylcamitine facilitates the volatility required for GC analysis while retaining the side chain identifier to the original acylcamitine for mass spectrometric identification. Using this method it has been possible to characterize acylcamitines which are metabolic indicators, distinguish isomeric acylcamitines chromatographically and show diagnosis of a number of diseases from clinical samples.

 Sample analysis has been demonstrated for both blood and urine. In the case of urine samples an example has been provided to illustrate the advances in analytical techniques available for these analyses, to show the stability of these compounds in the matrix and the wealth of diagnostic information which can be obtained for an individual sample. The development of a method for the analysis of acylcamitines from blood spots has been detailed. The application of this methodology to a number of disorders of fatty acid metabolism has been illustrated. The extension of the technique to the analysis of dicarboxylic acylcamitines has also been investigated.

 Finally with advances in modem technology the area of eléctrospray mass spectrometry has been evaluated for the analysis of samples without lactonisation. Results from this investigation are presented.
Chrysobothris sexsignata
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Chrysobothris
Chrysobothris sexsignata

description: 77. Chrysobothris sexsignata (Say, 1839)
 County Records (n = 102): Anoka, Chisago, Cook, Crow Wing, Goodhue, Hennepin, Houston, Olmsted, Pipestone, Ramsey, and Washington.
Collection Dates: 24 May–11 August.
 Minnesota Hosts: Unspecified in collection records. Larval hosts recorded as Acer rubrum, A. saccharum, Amelanchier arborea, Betula alleghaniensis, B. nigra, Carya ovata, Celtis occidentalis, Fagus sp., Fraxinus americana, F. nigra, F. pennsylvanica, Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx., Gleditsia triacanthos, Juglans cinerea, J. nigra, Larix laricina, Picea mariana, Pinus rigida, Quercus alba, Q. bicolor, Q. macrocarpa, Q. muehlenbergii, Tsuga canadensis, Ulmus rubra, and Vitis sp. Adults also on Acer saccharinum and Sorbus aucuparia L.
 Collection Method: Collected at light, Malaise trap, in Lindgren funnel trap on Pinus banksiana, and as C. fumipennis prey.
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
Atomic line versus lens cavity filters: A comparison of their merits
Creators: name: Higgins, Clare R.
name: Pizzey, Danielle
name: Mathew, Renju S.
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison between lens cavity filters and atomic line filters, discussing their relative merits for applications in quantum optics. We describe the design, characterization and stabilization procedure of a lens cavity filter, which consists of a high-reflection coated commercially available plano-convex lens, and compare it to an ultra-narrow atomic band-pass filter utilizing the D$_{2}$ absorption line in atomic rubidium vapor. We find that the cavity filter peak transmission frequency and bandwidth can be chosen arbitrarily but the transmission frequency is subject to thermal drift and the cavity needs stabilization to better than a few mK, while the atomic filter is intrinsically stable and tied to an atomic resonance frequency such that it can be used in a non-laboratory environment.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Ab initio properties of the NaLi molecule in the $a^3Σ^+$ electronic state
Creators: name: Gronowski, Marcin
name: Koza, Adam M.
name: Tomza, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold polar and magnetic ${}^{23}$Na${}^6$Li molecules in the rovibrational ground state of the lowest triplet $a^3Σ^+$ electronic state have been recently produced. Here, we calculate the electronic and rovibrational structure of these 14-electron molecules with spectroscopic accuracy ($<0.5\,$cm$^{-1}$) using state-of-the-art ab initio methods of quantum chemistry. We employ the hierarchy of the coupled-cluster wave functions and Gaussian basis sets extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. We show that the inclusion of higher-level excitations, core-electron correlation, relativistic, QED, and adiabatic corrections is necessary to reproduce accurately scattering and spectroscopic properties of alkali-metal systems. We obtain the well depth, $D_e=229.9(5)\,$cm$^{-1}$, the dissociation energy, $D_0=208.2(5)\,$cm$^{-1}$, and the scattering length, $a_s=-84^{+25}_{-41}\,$bohr, in good agreement with recent experimental measurements. We predict the permanent electric dipole moment in the rovibrational ground state, $d_0=$0.167(1)$\,$debye. These values are obtained without any adjustment to experimental data, showing that quantum chemistry methods are capable of predicting scattering properties of many-electron systems, provided relatively weak interaction and small reduced mass of the system.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
title: The biology of the stem cell and its environment in the role of effective gene therapy.
Creators: name: Dando, Jonathan Samuel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: Efficient gene delivery still represents a major hurdle for the realisation of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for the treatment of acquired or inherited disorders. Present gene delivery technology has centred around genetic engineering of the Moloney retrovirus to produce a recombinant retrovirus which infects a cell only once. However, the target cell has to be actively dividing at the time of virus exposure for gene transfer to be successful. Manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells is fraught with problems, which include their delicate nature unless maintained in specific culture conditions and the low cell cycle of this cell type which often results in low gene transfer and/or concommittant loss of the transplantable cell. The stromal cell microenvironment supplies a rich milieu of cytokines and growth factors to the hematopoietic cell, acting as a feeder layer which can maintain it and induce it to cycle. In this work we demonstrate that murine stromal cells can be engineered into retroviral packaging cells, which secrete a transducing retrovirus. This viral secretion is both stable and safe and produces a transducing retroviral supernatant that is superior to present murine technology. Additionally we show that an available human umbilical vascular endothelial (HUVEC) cell line has a superior supportive capacity of hematopoietic cells, as compared to other available cell lines. We also demonstrate that it can be engineered into a safe and stable retroviral packaging cell line which not only yields better gene transfer into hematopoietic cells but can also have potential use in the application of tissue specific retroviral vectors.
Mitigating distribution shift in machine learning-augmented hybrid simulation
Creators: name: Zhao, Jiaxi
name: Li, Qianxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T99, 65M15, 37M05

description: We study the problem of distribution shift generally arising in machine-learning augmented hybrid simulation, where parts of simulation algorithms are replaced by data-driven surrogates. We first establish a mathematical framework to understand the structure of machine-learning augmented hybrid simulation problems, and the cause and effect of the associated distribution shift. We show correlations between distribution shift and simulation error both numerically and theoretically. Then, we propose a simple methodology based on tangent-space regularized estimator to control the distribution shift, thereby improving the long-term accuracy of the simulation results. In the linear dynamics case, we provide a thorough theoretical analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, we conduct several numerical experiments, including simulating a partially known reaction-diffusion equation and solving Navier-Stokes equations using the projection method with a data-driven pressure solver. In all cases, we observe marked improvements in simulation accuracy under the proposed method, especially for systems with high degrees of distribution shift, such as those with relatively strong non-linear reaction mechanisms, or flows at large Reynolds numbers.
A conceptual framework for designing a model health promotion informatic system for improving the health status and quality of life of Americans
Creators: name: Studach, John Ray
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: This study used a conceptual framework to examine how advanced information systems should be developed and used to improve the health and quality of life of Americans. In this study the problem was defined as the poor lifestyle choices and health habits of Americans. The research problem was defined in terms of how to develop and use a conceptual framework for the design of a system that is based on the best theoretical science, that features the right mix of technologies, and that is sufficiently sophisticated and comprehensive to be able to address the health problem in a highly effective manner. The goal of this study was to produce a design for a model informatic system that could be used as a blue print for the multidisciplinary development teams and researchers who will be working on or evaluating the next generation of health promoting technologies. A mixed-methodology design and the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model were used to develop the conceptual framework, design the model system, and, in the process, indicate how and why this particular framework and innovative design would be superior to the other products and systems that are on the market today. The recommended state-of-the-art informatic system design is based on the concepts and principles of health promotion and the Transtheoretical model. It was designed so that it would be capable of improving the health status of individuals and reducing the economic burden on organizations and the society as a whole. The discussion covers the void that this framework and design fills as well as the implications of and potential for building and deploying advanced informatic systems on a population-wide basis. The implications of this research for health practitioners, consumers, healthcare providers and agents of care, information systems developers, researchers, and policy makers are reviewed in the discussion. Suggestions for areas of further research are included.
Chaotic ray dynamics in an optical cavity with a beam splitter
Creators: name: Puentes, G.
name: Aiello, A.
name: Woerdman, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ray dynamics in an optical cavity when a ray splitting mechanism is present. The cavity is a conventional two-mirror stable resonator and the ray splitting is achieved by inserting an optical beam splitter perpendicular to the cavity axis. Using Hamiltonian optics, we show that such a simple device presents a surprisingly rich chaotic ray dynamics.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Effect of contact with podiatry in a team approach context on diabetic foot ulcer and lower extremity amputation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Blanchette, Virginie
name: Brousseau-Foley, Magali
name: Cloutier, Lyne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy for Medline via EBSCO (1971).
Localization of Electronic States in Chain Model Based on Real DNA Sequence
Creators: name: Yamada, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the localization property of an electron in the disordered two-chain system (ladder model) with long-range correlation as a simple model for electronic property in DNA sequence. The chains are constructed by repetition of the sugar-phosphate sites, and the inter-chain hopping at the sugar sites come from nucleotide pairs, i.e., $A-T$ or $G-C$ pairs. It has been found that some DNA sequences have long-range correlation. In this paper we use some actual DNA sequences such as bacteriophages of escherichia coli, human omosome 22 and histone protein as the correlated sequence for the interchain hopping at the sugar sites. We will present some numerical results for the Lyapunov exponent (inverse localization length) of the wave function in the cases in comparison to the results for artificial sequence generated by an asymmetric modified Bernoulli map. It is shown that the correlation and asymmetry of the sequence affect on the localization in both the artificial and real DNA sequences.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Chrysobothris trinervia Kirby 1837
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Chrysobothris
Chrysobothris trinervia

description: 79. Chrysobothris trinervia Kirby, 1837
 County Records (n = 40): Aitkin, Clearwater, Cook, Hennepin, Itasca, Lake, Otter Tail, and St. Louis.
Collection Dates: 28 May–17 August.
 Minnesota Hosts: Collected on Larix laricina. Larval hosts recorded as L. laricina, Picea sp., and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Pinaceae). Adults also on Abies sp., Pinus banksiana, and P. strobus.
 Collection Method: On dying L. laricina and logs of same and in Lindgren funnel trap on P. banksiana.
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
Low energy magnons in the chiral ferrimagnet $\text{Cu}_2\text{OSeO}_3$: a coarse-grained approach
Creators: name: Luo, Yi
name: Marcus, G. G.
name: Trump, B. A.
name: Kindervater, J.
name: Stone, M. B.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
name: Qiu, Yiming
name: McQueen, T. M.
name: Tchernyshyov, O.
name: Broholm, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive neutron scattering study of low energy magnetic excitations in the breathing pyrochlore helimagnetic $\text{Cu}_2\text{OSeO}_3$. Fully documenting the four lowest energy magnetic modes that leave the ferrimagnetic configuration of the "strong tetrahedra" intact ($|\hbarω|<13$ meV), we find gapless quadratic dispersion at the $Γ$ point for energies above 0.2 meV, two doublets separated by 1.6(2) meV at the $R$ point, and a bounded continuum at the $X$ point. Our constrained rigid spin cluster model relates these features to Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions and the incommensurate helical ground state. Combining conventional spin wave theory with a spin cluster form-factor accurately reproduces the measured equal time structure factor through multiple Brillouin zones. An effective spin Hamiltonian describing the complex anisotropic inter-cluster interactions is obtained.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Codes of misconduct: The regulation of prostitution in colonial Bombay, 1860--1947
Creators: name: Tambe, Ashwini S.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In feminist thought, the denigration of prostitutes is understood as a means by which all women's sexual practices are disciplined. Why states get involved in this process, however, is not always evident. This dissertation is an exploration of the criminalization of prostitutes in the case of Bombay city, from 1860 to 1947. The main questions posed are: why did the criminalization of prostitutes occur? What were the imperatives of the colonial state in this process? And finally, how did law-making and law-enforcement function?; This study is organized as a genealogy of laws and their enforcement. The phases of the state's control of prostitutes are traced through an analysis of archival sources. Primary sources were researched in Bombay, New Delhi, London, Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia. The chapters successively present a narrative which covers categories of analytical importance. Along the way, the relationship between forms of prostitution and the content of laws is probed---thereby linking the realms of the material and the discursive. Chapter 2 reviews relevant theoretical work on the colonial state, law and sexuality. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 each attend to distinct imperatives shaping the colonial state's control over prostitution. Chapter 3 illustrates the importance of official medicine, Chapter 4 follows the shift from a discourse of disease-control to one of managing racial purity, and Chapter 5 elaborates the adoption of the international discourse on abolition by Indian legislators. Chapter 6 uses an angle from below, and describes the effects of colonial policy on prostitutes' lives. Chapter 7 draws together general conclusions about colonial policies on prostitution, the rhetoric of law, and the emergent sexual order. The overarching conclusion of this dissertation is that laws targeting prostitutes in late colonial Bombay were not simply a response to the growing number of such women. Rather, they produced a type of prostitution amenable to public control. This study illustrates how laws fostered prostitution in defined neighborhoods and in a preferred form, the brothel. Together, these chapters not only contribute to an understanding of the limitations of the colonial imagination, but also the unintended consequences of regulation.
Renormalizability of N=1/2 Wess-Zumino model in superspace
Creators: name: Romagnoni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we use the spurion field approach adopted in hep-th/0307099 in order to show that by adding F and F^2 terms to the original lagrangian, the N=1/2 Wess-Zumino model is renormalizable to all orders in perturbation theory. We reformulate in superspace language the proof given in the recent work hep-th/0307165 in terms of component fields.
description: 8 pages, minor changes
Blinking molecules: Determination of Photo-Physical Parameters from the Intensity Correlation Function
Creators: name: Hegerfeldt, Gerhard C.
name: Seidel, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An explicit expression is given for the correlation function of blinking systems, i.e. systems exhibiting light and dark periods in their fluorescence. We show through the example of terrylene in a crystalline host that it is possible to determine by means of this explicit expression photo-physical parameters, like Einstein coefficients and the mean light and dark periods by a simple fit. In addition we obtain further parameters like the frequency of the various intensity periods and the probability density of photons scattered off the host crystal. It turns out that this approach is simpler and allows greater accuracy than previous procedures.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Relatively hyperbolic groups: Intrinsic geometry, algebraic properties, and algorithmic problems
Creators: name: Osin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F69

description: We suggest a new approach to the study of relatively hyperbolic groups based on relative isoperimetric inequalities. Various geometric, algebraic, and algorithmic properties are discussed.
description: Some typos and the statement of Theorem 1.11 are corrected
Two Estimation Methods for a Lifetime Discrete Choice Model Under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Eckstein, Zvi
name: Wolpin, Kenneth
name: Eckstein, Zvi
name: Wolpin, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper formulates explicitly a life—time optimization problem that a person faces at each period t and suggests two methods of estimating the underlying parameters of the preferences and the constraints. We focus on one discrete choice variable such as fertility, schooling and labor—force participation. An example for each model is provided where the current decision depends on fast choice variables. In order to estimate this type of a model it is necessary to solve for the state dependent conditional probabilities for the discrete choice at each t. Two ways for calculating these conditional probabilities are provided. The first is calculated from the full solution for the dynamic programming problem. The second is found by using some necessary conditions for the optimal solution of the individual. We compare the two methods by a Monte—Carlo example using the fertility model. The full solution metnod is used as the "true" model and the other method generates acceptable values for the parameters and the likelihood function.
Drone Reporting Protocol from Polar bears are inefficient predators of seabird eggs
Creators: name: Jagielski, Patrick M.
name: Dey, Cody J.
name: Gilchrist, H. Grant
name: Richardson, Evan S.
name: Love, Oliver P.
name: Semeniuk, Christina A. D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Drone Reporting Protocol
Spatially Resolved Conductivity of Rectangular Interconnects considering Surface Scattering -- Part I: Physical Modeling
Creators: name: Chen, Xinkang
name: Gupta, Sumeet Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate modeling of interconnect conductivity is important for performance evaluation of chips in advanced technologies. Surface scattering in interconnects is usually treated by using Fuchs-Sondheimer (FS) approach. While the FS model offer explicit inclusion of the physical parameters, it lacks spatial dependence of conductivity across the interconnect cross-section. To capture the space-dependency of conductivity, an empirical modeling approach based on "cosh" function has been proposed, but it lacks physical insights. In this work, we present a 2D spatially resolved FS (SRFS) model for rectangular interconnects derived from the Boltzmann transport equations. The proposed SRFS model for surface scattering offers both spatial dependence and explicit relation of conductivity to physical parameters such as mean free path and specularity of electrons and interconnect geometry. We highlight the importance of physics-based spatially resolved conductivity model by showing the differences in the spatial profiles between the proposed physical approach and the previous empirical approach. In Part II of this work, we build upon the SRFS approach to propose a compact model for spatially-resolved conductivity accounting for surface scattering in rectangular interconnects.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, in process to submit to Journal of Applied Physics
Chrysobothris viridiceps Melsheimer 1845
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Chrysobothris
Chrysobothris viridiceps

description: 81. Chrysobothris viridiceps Melsheimer, 1845
 County Records (n = 50): Anoka, Arden Hills, Chisago, Goodhue, Hennepin, Houston, Olmsted, Otter Tail, Ramsey, and Washington.
Collection Dates: 29 May–29 July.
 Minnesota Hosts: Unspecified in collection records. Larval hosts recorded as Acer rubrum, Pinus sp., Quercus alba, Q. macrocarpa, and Quercus sp. Adults also on Acer saccharinum, Carya ovata, Q. bicolor, Q. velutina, and Ulmus americana.
 Collection Method: As C. fumipennis prey.
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
Spatially Resolved Conductivity of Rectangular Interconnects considering Surface Scattering -- Part II: Circuit-Compatible Modeling
Creators: name: Chen, Xinkang
name: Gupta, Sumeet Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interconnect conductivity modeling is a critical aspect for modern chip design. Surface scattering -- an important scattering mechanism in scaled interconnects is usually captured using Fuchs-Sondheimer (FS) model which offers the average behavior of the interconnect. However, to support the modern interconnect structures (such as tapered geometries), modeling spatial dependency of conductivity becomes important. In Part I of this work, we presented a spatially resolved FS (SRFS) model for rectangular interconnects derived from the fundamental FS approach. While the proposed SRFS model offers both spatial-dependency of conductivity and its direct relationship with the physical parameters, its complex expression is not suitable for incorporation in circuit simulations. In this part, we build upon our SRFS model to propose a circuit-compatible conductivity model for rectangular interconnects accounting for 2D surface scattering. The proposed circuit-compatible model offers spatial resolution of conductivity as well as explicit dependence on the physical parameters such as electron mean free path ($λ_0$), specularity ($p$) and interconnect geometry. We validate our circuit-compatible model over a range of interconnect width/height (and $λ_0$) and p values and show a close match with the physical SRFS model proposed in Part I (with error < 0.7%). We also compare our circuit-compatible model with a previous spatially resolved analytical model (appropriately modified for a fair comparison) and show that our model captures the spatial resolution of conductivity and the dependence on physical parameters more accurately. Finally, we present a semi-analytical equation for the average conductivity based on our circuit-compatible model.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures in process to submit to IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (TCAD)
title: Mehr Moor? Zur Treibhausgasdynamik wiedervernässter Feuchtgebiete
Creators: name: Sachs, Torsten
name: Koebsch, Franziska
name: Franz, Daniela
name: Larmanou, Eric
name: Serafimovich, Andrei
name: Kohnert, Katrin
name: Jurasinski, Gerald
name: Augustin, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2015

description: System Erde; 5
Codes of misconduct: The regulation of prostitution in colonial Bombay, 1860--1947
Creators: name: Tambe, Ashwini S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In feminist thought, the denigration of prostitutes is understood as a means by which all women's sexual practices are disciplined. Why states get involved in this process, however, is not always evident. This dissertation is an exploration of the criminalization of prostitutes in the case of Bombay city, from 1860 to 1947. The main questions posed are: why did the criminalization of prostitutes occur? What were the imperatives of the colonial state in this process? And finally, how did law-making and law-enforcement function?; This study is organized as a genealogy of laws and their enforcement. The phases of the state's control of prostitutes are traced through an analysis of archival sources. Primary sources were researched in Bombay, New Delhi, London, Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia. The chapters successively present a narrative which covers categories of analytical importance. Along the way, the relationship between forms of prostitution and the content of laws is probed---thereby linking the realms of the material and the discursive. Chapter 2 reviews relevant theoretical work on the colonial state, law and sexuality. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 each attend to distinct imperatives shaping the colonial state's control over prostitution. Chapter 3 illustrates the importance of official medicine, Chapter 4 follows the shift from a discourse of disease-control to one of managing racial purity, and Chapter 5 elaborates the adoption of the international discourse on abolition by Indian legislators. Chapter 6 uses an angle from below, and describes the effects of colonial policy on prostitutes' lives. Chapter 7 draws together general conclusions about colonial policies on prostitution, the rhetoric of law, and the emergent sexual order. The overarching conclusion of this dissertation is that laws targeting prostitutes in late colonial Bombay were not simply a response to the growing number of such women. Rather, they produced a type of prostitution amenable to public control. This study illustrates how laws fostered prostitution in defined neighborhoods and in a preferred form, the brothel. Together, these chapters not only contribute to an understanding of the limitations of the colonial imagination, but also the unintended consequences of regulation.
"Preference Reversal" and the Theory of Choice Under Risk
Creators: name: Karni, Edi
name: Safra, Zvi
name: Karni, Edi
name: Safra, Zvi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The paper shows that: (1) The preference reversal phenomenon is consistent with transitive preferences and constitutes a violation of the independence axiom. (2) The preference reversal phenomenon is accounted for by the interaction between the experimental design and respondents preferences and there is no experiment which can overcome this difficulty.
Limits on $w$CDM from the EFTofLSS with the PyBird code
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guido
name: Senatore, Leonardo
name: Zhang, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure to analyze the $w$CDM cosmological model. By using the full shape of the power spectrum and the BAO post-reconstruction measurements from BOSS, the Supernovae from Pantheon, and a prior from BBN, we set the competitive CMB-independent limit $w=-1.046_{-0.052}^{+0.055}$ at $68\%$ C.L.. After adding the Planck CMB data, we find $w=-1.023_{-0.030}^{+0.033}$ at $68\%$ C.L.. Our results are obtained using PyBird, a new, fast Python-based code which we make publicly available.
description: 27 pages, 6 tables, 8 figures. v2: 33 pages, 8 tables, 9 figures, matches JCAP published version. The PyBird code is available at https://github.com/pierrexyz/pybird
Private prisons in Texas, 1987--2000: The legal, economic, and political influences on policy implementation
Creators: name: Cummins, C. Elaine
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is to determine why private prisons flourished in Texas and why the outcome varied so much from the policy makers' intent. In 1987, the 70th Texas Legislature approved S.B. 251, which allowed the Texas Department of Corrections to contract with vendors for the financing, construction, operation, maintenance and management of a small number of adult secure correctional facilities. However, today, Texas is home to more private prisons than any other state. Based on implementation theory, which seeks to determine why public policy often does not result in the intended outcome, this case study focuses on the many players and their interactions within the legal, economic, and political context. Like most cases of unintended outcome, this situation is complex. Nevertheless, the analysis reveals lessons which can benefit future policy design so that outcome will more nearly resemble intent. Over the course of the last fifteen years, the New Public Management paradigm has come to dominate public administration thought in the United States on a national, state, and municipal level. This paradigm, which emphasizes market-based rather than constitution-based principles and values, has important consequences for the delivery of public services, particularly those that affect the everyday lives of citizens. The privatization of Texas prisons, which began in 1987, provides one example of this trend. Initially proposed as a modest program in limited legislation, private prisons in Texas have grown far beyond their intended scale to become the world's largest private corrections system. This study analyzes the formulation, adoption, and design of policies that led to the vast expansion of the scope of private prisons in Texas. The research reveals that serious legal problems enabled economics and politics to become driving forces in the privatization of corrections in the state of Texas. Further, there were mixed motives on the parts of the many key players involved in the implementation process. These mixed motives, coupled with the overwhelming legal, economic, and political pressures led to an outcome quite different from the policy makers intentions. The conclusions of this analysis describe how the implications of these realizations impact policy outcome.
Rate constants for diffusive processes by partial path sampling
Creators: name: Moroni, Daniele
name: Bolhuis, Peter G.
name: van Erp, Titus S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a path sampling method for the computation of rate constants for systems with a highly diffusive character. Based on the recently developed algorithm of transition interface sampling (TIS) this procedure increases the efficiency by sampling only parts of complete transition trajectories confined within a certain region. The algorithm assumes the loss of memory for highly diffusive progression along the reaction coordinate. We compare the new technique to the TIS method for a simple diatomic system and show that the computation time of the new method scales linearly, instead of quadraticaly, with the length of the diffusive barrier. The validity of the memory loss assumption is also discussed.
description: 12 pages, including 8 figures, RevTeX4
Private prisons in Texas, 1987--2000: The legal, economic, and political influences on policy implementation
Creators: name: Cummins, C. Elaine
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: The purpose of this study is to determine why private prisons flourished in Texas and why the outcome varied so much from the policy makers' intent. In 1987, the 70th Texas Legislature approved S.B. 251, which allowed the Texas Department of Corrections to contract with vendors for the financing, construction, operation, maintenance and management of a small number of adult secure correctional facilities. However, today, Texas is home to more private prisons than any other state. Based on implementation theory, which seeks to determine why public policy often does not result in the intended outcome, this case study focuses on the many players and their interactions within the legal, economic, and political context. Like most cases of unintended outcome, this situation is complex. Nevertheless, the analysis reveals lessons which can benefit future policy design so that outcome will more nearly resemble intent. Over the course of the last fifteen years, the New Public Management paradigm has come to dominate public administration thought in the United States on a national, state, and municipal level. This paradigm, which emphasizes market-based rather than constitution-based principles and values, has important consequences for the delivery of public services, particularly those that affect the everyday lives of citizens. The privatization of Texas prisons, which began in 1987, provides one example of this trend. Initially proposed as a modest program in limited legislation, private prisons in Texas have grown far beyond their intended scale to become the world's largest private corrections system. This study analyzes the formulation, adoption, and design of policies that led to the vast expansion of the scope of private prisons in Texas. The research reveals that serious legal problems enabled economics and politics to become driving forces in the privatization of corrections in the state of Texas. Further, there were mixed motives on the parts of the many key players involved in the implementation process. These mixed motives, coupled with the overwhelming legal, economic, and political pressures led to an outcome quite different from the policy makers intentions. The conclusions of this analysis describe how the implications of these realizations impact policy outcome.