cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Size structure and geographic variation in chemical resistance of sea fan corals Gorgonia ventalina to a fungal pathogen
Creators: name: Dube, Danielle
name: Kim, Kiho
name: Alker, Alisa P.
name: Harvell, C. Drew
Publisher: name: Marine Ecology Progress Series
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite the intense impact of diseases on tropical marine communities, little is known about mechanisms of resistance to disease or the role of disease as a selective factor in these commu- nities. Spatial variation in chemical resistance of Gorgonia ventalina (sea fan coral) to the fungus Aspergillus sydowii was investigated by sampling G. ventalina populations in the Florida Keys, USA, and San Salvador, Bahamas. A. sydowii is the causative agent in aspergillosis, a fungal disease affecting G. ventalina throughout the Caribbean. Using field census and experimental inoculation, this study examines if sea fan chemical extracts provide resistance to disease caused by A. sydowii and the potential role of disease as a selective force in shaping the chemical defenses of sea fan populations. Chemical resistance against A. sydowii was assessed with a fungal growth assay. Higher anti-fungal activity of small versus large fans observed in field sampling and increased disease sever- ity in mature versus young fans in inoculation studies support the hypothesis that resistance decreases with increasing fan age. This result is also consistent with patterns predicted by the opti- mal defense theory and growth-differentiation balance hypotheses in plant studies. Anti-fungal activity of large sea fans increased upon inoculation, consistent with the hypothesis of inducible resis- tance. Anti-fungal activity of sea fan extracts from the Florida Keys and Bahamas did vary signifi- cantly with site and was negatively correlated with fan height and extract concentration (mg extract per g dry coral weight). Anti-fungal activity did not correlate significantly with disease status in a multiple regression model. The mean anti-fungal activity of sea fans varied significantly among Florida Keys but not among San Salvador sites, nor between Florida Keys and San Salvador sites. Dis- ease pressure was not correlated with anti-fungal activity across sites, as would be expected under a simple resistance-selection model. A simple mean resistance-selection model may not be appropriate in relatively open marine systems in which environmental induction may obscure natural selection. However, the coefficient of variation in anti-fungal activity among sites is negatively correlated with disease pressure, consistent with the hypothesis that A. sydowii imposes detectable directional selec- tion and eliminates susceptible individuals from sites with high disease pressure.
Inextendibility of expanding cosmological models with symmetry
Creators: name: Dafermos, Mihalis
name: Rendall, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new criterion for inextendibility of expanding cosmological models with symmetry is presented. It is applied to derive a number of new results and to simplify the proofs of existing ones. In particular it shows that the solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov system with $T^2$ symmetry, including the vacuum solutions, are inextendible in the future. The technique introduced adds a qualitatively new element to the available tool-kit for studying strong cosmic censorship.
description: 7 pages
Temperature affects coral disease resistance and pathogen growth
Creators: name: Ward, Jessica R.
name: Kim, Kiho
name: Harvell, C. Drew
Publisher: name: Marine Ecology Progress Series
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Temperature anomalies on coral reefs now routinely exceed coral stress thresholds, making temperature a critical variable to consider in coral host–pathogen systems. While tempera- ture is widely hypothesized to drive coral disease outbreaks by decreasing coral resistance and increasing pathogen growth rates, tests of the temperature hypothesis are rare. Here we report evidence from the sea fan coral Gorgonia ventalina –Aspergillus host–pathogen system that temperature stress increases one component of sea fan resistance. Experimentally infecting sea fan fragments while increasing temperatures to reflect summertime highs in the Florida Keys, USA, caused a 176% increase in activity of host-derived antifungal compounds. Thus, temperature stress and infection induce higher levels of resistance. However, pathogen growth rate also increases over the same temperature range, providing an opportunity for pathogen establishment before host resis- tance is maximal. This dual effect of temperature emphasizes the need to test intact host–pathogen systems. Given predictions for future warming events, aspergillosis is predicted to continue causing sea fan mortality in the Caribbean Sea.
Measurement of open charm production in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV
Creators: name: Tai, An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first comprehensive measurement of $D^{0}, D^{+}, D^{*+}$ and their charge conjugate states at mid-rapidity in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200 GeV using the STAR TPC. The directly measured open charm multiplicity distribution covers a broad transverse momentum region of 0$
description: Quark Matter 2004 Proceedings
Puroindoline (Pina-D1 and Pinb-D1) and waxy (Wx-1) genes in Iranian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces
Creators: name: Maryami, Zahra
name: Azimi, Mohammad Reza
name: Guzman, Carlos
name: Dreisigacker, Sussane
name: Godarz Najafian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Grain hardness and starch are two of the most important factors that determine the end-use quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain. The grain hardness and amylose content are controlled by the puroindolines (Pina-D1 and Pinb-D1) genes, located on chromosomes 5D, and waxy (Wx-A1, -B1 and -D1) genes, located on chromosomes 7A, 4A and 7D. A total of 160 Iranian landraces from the Germplasm Bank of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center were evaluated for grain hardness using near infrared spectroscopy to predict the particle size index (PSI). In addition, molecular markers were used to evaluate the states of the corresponding genes. Eight accessions were found to have a hard texture (predicted PSI < 45%); however, only two could be explained by null alleles either in Pina-D1 or Pinb-D1. Additionally, 152 accessions had semi-hard textures (predicted PSI range of 45% to 55%). For the Wx gene, only one accession (CWI 67665) showed the null Wx-D1b allele, while two accessions (CWI 67747 and CWI 57684) were null for Wx-B1b. Single nucleotide polymorphism and sequence tag site marker techniques were used. Our findings further indicate the importance of using these landraces for grain quality improvement in breeding programs.
Temperature affects coral disease resistance and pathogen growth
Creators: name: Ward, Jessica R.
name: Kim, Kiho
name: Harvell, C. Drew
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Temperature anomalies on coral reefs now routinely exceed coral stress thresholds, making temperature a critical variable to consider in coral host–pathogen systems. While tempera- ture is widely hypothesized to drive coral disease outbreaks by decreasing coral resistance and increasing pathogen growth rates, tests of the temperature hypothesis are rare. Here we report evidence from the sea fan coral Gorgonia ventalina –Aspergillus host–pathogen system that temperature stress increases one component of sea fan resistance. Experimentally infecting sea fan fragments while increasing temperatures to reflect summertime highs in the Florida Keys, USA, caused a 176% increase in activity of host-derived antifungal compounds. Thus, temperature stress and infection induce higher levels of resistance. However, pathogen growth rate also increases over the same temperature range, providing an opportunity for pathogen establishment before host resis- tance is maximal. This dual effect of temperature emphasizes the need to test intact host–pathogen systems. Given predictions for future warming events, aspergillosis is predicted to continue causing sea fan mortality in the Caribbean Sea.
Copula versions of distance multivariance and dHSIC via the distributional transform – a general approach to construct invariant dependence measures
Creators: name: Böttcher, Björn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The multivariate Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (dHSIC) and distance multivariance allow to measure and test independence of an arbitrary number of random vectors with arbitrary dimensions. Here, we define versions which only depend on an underlying copula. The approach is based on the distributional transform, yielding dependence measures which always feature a natural invariance with respect to scalings and translations. Moreover, it requires no distributional assumptions, i.e., the distributions can be of pure type or any mixture of discrete and continuous distributions and (in our setting) no existence of moments is required. Empirical estimators and tests, which are consistent against all alternatives, are provided based on a Monte Carlo distributional transform. In particular, it is shown that the new estimators inherit the exact limiting distributional properties of the original estimators. Examples illustrate that tests based on the new measures can be more powerful than tests based on other copula dependence measures.
Prices and Productivity in Agriculture
Creators: name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Productivity Analysis

description: Developing countries have been found to tax agriculture heavily, which might affect the productivity of resources allocated to agriculture, as well as their quantity. A variable-coefficient cross-country agricultural production function is estimated, with past price expectations among the determinants of the production coefficients. Productivity is found to be responsive to those expectations, with the implication that had these developing economies eliminated their price interventions, agricultural productivity would have increased on average by about a third.
Nariai, Bertotti-Robinson and anti-Nariai solutions in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Dias, Oscar J. C.
name: Lemos, Jose' P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find all the higher dimensional solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell theory that are the topological product of two manifolds of constant curvature. These solutions include the higher dimensional Nariai, Bertotti-Robinson and anti-Nariai solutions, and the anti-de Sitter Bertotti-Robinson solutions with toroidal and hyperbolic topology (Plebanski-Hacyan solutions). We give explicit results for any dimension D>3. These solutions are generated from the appropriate extremal limits of the higher dimensional near-extreme black holes in a de Sitter, and anti-de Sitter backgrounds. Thus, we also find the mass and the charge parameters of the higher dimensional extreme black holes as a function of the radius of the degenerate horizon.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, RevTeX4. References added. Published version
Optical Read-Out and Initialization of an Electron Spin in a Single Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Shabaev, A.
name: Efros, Al. L.
name: Gammon, D.
name: Merkulov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe theoretically the resonant optical excitation of a trion with circularly polarized light and discuss how this trion permits the read-out of a single electron spin through a recycling transition. Optical pumping through combination of circularly polarized optical $π$--pulses with permanent or $π$-- pulsed transverse magnetic fields suggests feasible protocols for spin initialization.
From rest-frame luminosity functions to observer-frame colour distributions: tackling the next challenge in cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Bravo, Matías
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Bellstedt, Sabine
name: Obreschkow, Danail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs) remain among the most challenging yet informative quantities to reproduce in simulations due to the large and complex mixture of physical processes that shape the radiation output of a galaxy. With the increasing number of surveys utilising broadband colours as part of their target selection criteria, the production of realistic SEDs in simulations is necessary for assisting in survey design and interpretation of observations. The recent success in reproducing the observed luminosity functions (LF) from far-UV to far-IR, using the state-of-the-art semi-analytic model \shark\ and the SED generator \prospect, represents a critical step towards better galaxy colour predictions. We show that with \shark\ and \prospect\ we can closely reproduce the optical colour distributions observed in the panchromatic GAMA survey. The treatment of feedback, star formation, central-satellite interactions and radiation re-processing by dust are critical for this achievement. The first three processes create a bimodal distribution, while dust attenuation defines the location and shape of the blue and red populations. While a naive comparison between observation and simulations displays the known issue of over-quenching of satellite galaxies, the introduction of empirically-motivated observational errors and classification from the same group finder used in GAMA greatly reduces this tension. The introduction of random re-assignment of $\sim 15\%$ of centrals/satellites as satellites/centrals on the simulation classification closely resembles the outcome of the group finder, providing a computationally less intensive method to compare simulations with observations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS after minor corrections (20 pages, 19 figures)
Submarine groundwater discharge data at meter scale (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra and 222Rn) in Indian River Bay (Delaware, US)
Creators: name: Duque, Carlos
name: Knee, Karen
name: Russoniello, Christopher J.
name: Sherif, Mahmoud
name: Abu Risha, Usama A.
name: Sturchio, Neil C.
name: Michael, Holly A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was sampled at high-spatial resolution in Indian River Bay, DE, USA, in July 2016 to characterize the spatial variability of the activity of the radium and radon isotopes commonly used to estimate SGD. These data were part of an investigation into the methods and challenges of characterizing SGD rates and variability, especially in the coastal aquifer transition from freshwater to saltwater (Hydrogeological processes and near shore spatial variability of radium and radon isotopes for the characterization of submarine groundwater discharge (Duque et al., 2019)). Samples were collected with seepage meters and minipiezometers to obtain sufficient volumes for analytical characterization. Seepage meter samples (for 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) were collected at two-hour intervals over a semi-diurnal tidal cycle from 30 seepage meters. Samples for 222Rn characterization were collected with a minipiezometer from 25 cm below the bay bed at each seepage meter location. All samples were analyzed with standard and state of the art procedures.
Quantification of quantum correlation of ensemble of states
Creators: name: Horodecki, Michal
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first measure of quantum correlation of an ensemble of multiparty states. It is based on the idea of minimal entropy production in a locally distinguishable basis measurement. It is shown to be a relative entropy distance from a set of ensembles. For bipartite ensembles, which span the whole bipartite Hilbert space, the measure is bounded below by average relative entropy of entanglement. We naturally obtain a monotonicity axiom for any measure of quantum correlation of ensembles. We evaluate this measure for certain cases. Subsequently we use this measure to propose a complementarity relation between our measure and the accessible information obtainable about the ensemble under local operations. The measure along with the monotonicity axiom are well-defined even for the case of a single system, where the complementarity relation is seen to be yet another face of the "Heisenberg uncertainty relation".
description: 4 pages, no figures, RevTeX4
ประสิทธิผลของสารสกัดกระเทียมต่อระดับตะกั่วในเลือดของพนักงานฝ่ายผลิตโรงงานผลิตแบตเตอรี่แห่งหนึ่งในจังหวัดสมุทรปราการ
Creators: name: เอื้อมพร พูนกล้า
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2564
Subjects: สารสกัดกระเทียม, ระดับตะกั่วในเลือด, โรงงานผลิตแบตเตอรี่, ผู้ประกอบอาชีพที่ได้รับสัมผัสตะกั่ว

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 47, 4, 1038-1050
Self-Similar Law of Energy Release before Materials Fracture
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Moura, A.
name: Nechad, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general law of energy release is derived for stressed heterogeneous materials, being valid from the starting moment of loading till the moment of materials fracture. This law is obtained by employing the extrapolation technique of the self-similar approximation theory. Experiments are accomplished measuring the energy release for industrial composite samples. The derived analytical law is confronted with these experimental data as well as with the known experimental data for other materials.
description: Latex, 15 pages, no figures
แนวทางการบริหารงานวิชาการในโรงเรียนขนาดเล็ก สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษานครสวรรค์ เขต 2
Creators: name: ศุภวรรณ สุธัมมา
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2021
Subjects: การบริหารงานวิชาการ
แนวทางการบริหารงานวิชาการ
โรงเรียนขนาดเล็ก

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 4, 2, 153-166
The Froggattimyia-Anagonia Genus Group (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Creators: name: Colless, Donald H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Froggattimyia nicholsoni Malloch
 Froggattimyia nicholsoni Malloch, 1934:5.
 Type. Holotype male in ANIC, Lindfield, NSW (published as “Sydney”).
 Extremely similar to F. wentworthi, and possibly only a variant of that species; male differing principally in having the reclinate upper orbital bristles moderately well differentiated—distinctly more so than is usual in wentworthi, but less than in F. fergusoni Malloch and F. vicina sp. nov. Also, abdominal dorsum with grey, rather than golden pollen (but this sometimes true of wentworthi). Terminalia within the range of wentworthi in the shapes of syntergosternite 6–8, cerci and surstyli.
 The female has not been distinguished, and is presumably identical with that of wentworthi.
 Distribution. NSW, Vic., WA; no doubt in SA as well.
 Biology. Bred from “sawfly larvae”, some identified as Perga species.
 Notes. I am strongly tempted to synonymize this species with F. wentworthi, but have taken a more cautious path following Malloch who separated the two species albeit on different grounds. All but the type were reared from sawfly larvae or cocoon masses, including Perga sp. and Pergagrapta turneri Bens.
description: Published as part of Colless, Donald H., 2012, The Froggattimyia-Anagonia Genus Group (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 167-211 in Records of the Australian Museum 64 (3) on page 176, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.64.2012.1590, http://zenodo.org/record/4684127
POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF 1990 ETHANOL LEGISLATION ON AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Ferris, John N.
name: Ferris, John N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Political Economy

description: Ethanol legislation in 1990 may eventually increase net cash farm income, but will negatively affect producers of livestock, vegetable oils and soybeans, and. the EC's CAP. Com prices will increase as much as 8-10% over the Baseline and soybean prices as much as 2-4% lower.
Particle Physics Explanations for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Events
Creators: name: Drees, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of cosmic ray events with $E \gsim 10^{11}$ GeV remains mysterious. In this talk I briefly summarize several proposed particle physics explanations: a breakdown of Lorentz invariance, the ``$Z-$burst'' scenario, new hadrons with masses of several GeV as primaries, and magnetic monopoles with mass below $10^{10}$ GeV as primaries. I then describe in a little more detail the idea that these events are due to the decays of very massive, long--lived exotic particles.
description: Invited plenary talk at PASCOS03, Mumbai, India, January 2003; 13 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 4 of Early-life undernutrition induces enhancer RNA remodeling in mice liver
Creators: name: Yinyu Wang
name: Yiting Mao
name: Yiran Zhao
name: Xianfu Yi
name: Guolian Ding
name: Chuanjin Yu
name: Jianzhong Sheng
name: Xinmei Liu
name: Yicong Meng
name: Huang, Hefeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Motif enrichment at sites of down/up-regulated eRNAs in livers.
The Froggattimyia-Anagonia Genus Group (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Creators: name: Colless, Donald H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Froggattimyia fergusoni Malloch
 Froggattimyia fergusoni Malloch, 1934:4–5 Type. Holotype male in ANIC, Wyalkatchem, WA Also very similar to F. wentworthi, but the male with strongly differentiated reclinate upper orbital bristles; parafacial often with setulae more or less confined to dorsal half. Terminalia with syntergosternite 6–8 rather longer, with less steeply sloping posterior margin (but not as marked as in the next species, F. vicina sp. nov.); surstyli in posterior view more or less straight or incurved.
.
.
 Females associated with identified males are barely separable from those of wentworthi. The setulosity of the parafacial is rather reduced in some specimens, but the difference is hardly striking. However, with more and better identified specimens, the blue-grey pollinosity of the tergites (and especially tergite 5) may prove useful to separate this species from wentworthi, but not from other Froggattimyia spp.
 Distribution. WA and SA; one doubtful record from NSW.
 Biology. All but two specimens were reared from larvae of unidentified species of pergid sawfly.
 Notes. With additional material, Malloch’s characters for differentiating this species no longer hold. In particular, his type specimen has an abnormally broad parafacial and unusually narrow median dark stripe on the abdomen. However, I am fairly sure that this is a good species and that it includes the holotype.
description: Published as part of Colless, Donald H., 2012, The Froggattimyia-Anagonia Genus Group (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 167-211 in Records of the Australian Museum 64 (3) on page 177, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.64.2012.1590, http://zenodo.org/record/4684127
Moving beyond Wastewater: Perspectives on Environmental Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for Public Health Action in Low-Resource Settings
Creators: name: Rahman, Mahbubur
name: Shaw, Alexander G.
name: Philo, Sarah E.
name: Holm, Rochelle H.
name: Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee
name: Taniuchi, Mami
name: Ramaswamy, Maya
name: Guerfali, Fatma Z.
name: Halden, Rolf U.
name: Otero, Maria Catherine B.
name: Cantrell, Molly
name: Ajjampur, Sitara SR
name: Kossik, Alexandra
name: Boehm, Alexandria B.
name: Shrestha, Abhilasha
name: Tevuzula, Vivi Maketa
name: Brown, Joe
name: Vela, Jeseth Delgado
name: Meschke, John Scott
name: Pickering, Amy J.
name: Bibby, Kyle
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2024

description:
Although testing wastewater for public health surveillance has recently received significant attention in the United States, researchers and public health professionals have long realized the tremendous promise of environmental surveillance (ES), defined as tracking pathogens of interest in fecally contaminated surface waters, soil, or fomites, in low-resource settings for public health action. The power of ES in lowresource settings is most clearly illustrated with the over 30 years of well-established and standardized polio surveillance. As part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, the World Health Organization (WHO) has accredited 146 laboratories within the Global Polio Lab Network (GPLN). These facilities across 92 countries process over 8,000 wastewater or fecally contaminated surface water samples per year, in addition to over 220,000 stool samples annually. The data generated from the GPLN are closely linked to clear public health action related to targeted vaccination campaigns. The investment and adoption of ES for polio eradication efforts serves as a use-case  for other targets of interest. To explore the current state of the field, the National Science Foundation-funded Research Coordination Network (RCN) on Wastewater Based Epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Public Health Threats held a workshop in December 2023 to discuss the opportunities and challenges for ES in low-resource settings (Figure 1). Discussions during the workshop highlighted knowledge gaps, best-practices, target selection, academic/government/private partnerships and overall public health action and sustainability of these programs.
The 2D pn Junction Driven Out-of-Equilibrium
Creators: name: Chaves, Ferney A.
name: Feijoo, Pedro C.
name: Jiménez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pn junction is a fundamental electrical component in modern electronics and optoelectronics. Currently, there is a great deal of interest in the two-dimensional (2D) pn junction. Although many experiments have demonstrated the working principle, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of its basic properties and expected performances, in particular when the device is driven out of equilibrium. To fill the current gap in understanding, we investigate the electrostatics and electronic transport of 2D lateral pn junctions. To do so we implement a physics-based simulator that selfconsistently solves the 2D Poisson's equation coupled to the drift-diffusion and continuity equations. Notably, the simulator takes into account the strong influence of the out of plane electric field through the surrounding dielectric, capturing the weak screening of charge carriers. Supported by simulations, we propose a Shockley-like equation for the ideal current voltage characteristics, in full analogy to the bulk junction after defining an effective depletion layer (EDL). We also discuss the impact of recombination generation processes inside the EDL, which actually produce a significant deviation with respect to the ideal behavior, consistently with experimental data. Moreover, we analyze the capacitances and conductance of the 2D lateral pn junction. Based on its equivalent circuit we investigate its cut-off frequency targeting RF applications. To gain deeper insight into the role played by material dimensionality, we benchmark the performances of single-layer MoS2 (2D) lateral pn junctions against those of the Si (3D) junction. Finally, a practical discussion on the short length 2D junction case together with the expected impact of interface states has been provided. Given the available list of 2D materials, this work opens the door to a wider exploration of material dependent performances.
Submarine groundwater discharge data at meter scale (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra and 222Rn) in Indian River Bay (Delaware, US)
Creators: name: Duque, Carlos
name: Knee, Karen
name: Russoniello, Christopher J.
name: Sherif, Mahmoud
name: Abu Risha, Usama A.
name: Sturchio, Neil C.
name: Michael, Holly A.
Publisher: name: Data in Brief
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was sampled at high-spatial resolution in Indian River Bay, DE, USA, in July 2016 to characterize the spatial variability of the activity of the radium and radon isotopes commonly used to estimate SGD. These data were part of an investigation into the methods and challenges of characterizing SGD rates and variability, especially in the coastal aquifer transition from freshwater to saltwater (Hydrogeological processes and near shore spatial variability of radium and radon isotopes for the characterization of submarine groundwater discharge (Duque et al., 2019)). Samples were collected with seepage meters and minipiezometers to obtain sufficient volumes for analytical characterization. Seepage meter samples (for 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) were collected at two-hour intervals over a semi-diurnal tidal cycle from 30 seepage meters. Samples for 222Rn characterization were collected with a minipiezometer from 25 cm below the bay bed at each seepage meter location. All samples were analyzed with standard and state of the art procedures.
title: Isogeometric analysis of nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam vibrations
Creators: name: Weeger, Oliver
name: Wever, Utz
name: Simeon, Bernd
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: In this paper we analyze the vibrations of nonlinear structures by means of the novel approach of isogeometric finite elements. The fundamental idea of isogeometricfinite elements is to apply the same functions, namely B-Splines and NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines), fordescribing the geometry and for representing the numericalsolution. In case of linear vibrational analysis, this approachhas already been shown to possess substantial advantages over classical finite elements, and we extend it here to a non-linear framework based on the harmonic balance principle. As application, the straight nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beamis used, and overall, it is demonstrated that isogeometric finite elements with B-Splines in combination with the harmonic balance method are a powerful means for the analysisof nonlinear structural vibrations. In particular, the smoother k-method provides higher accuracy than the p-method forisogeometric nonlinear vibration analysis.
Additional file 6 of Early-life undernutrition induces enhancer RNA remodeling in mice liver
Creators: name: Yinyu Wang
name: Yiting Mao
name: Yiran Zhao
name: Xianfu Yi
name: Guolian Ding
name: Chuanjin Yu
name: Jianzhong Sheng
name: Xinmei Liu
name: Yicong Meng
name: Huang, Hefeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Details of the library primers.
Existence results for closed Finsler geodesics via spherical complexities
Creators: name: Mescher, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply topological methods and a Lusternik-Schnirelmann-type approach to prove existence results for closed geodesics of Finsler metrics on spheres and projective spaces. The main tool in the proofs are spherical complexities, which have been introduced in earlier work of the author. Using them, we show how pinching conditions and inequalities between a Finsler metric and a globally symmetric metric yield the existence of multiple closed geodesics as well as upper bounds on their lengths.
description: 13 pages, revised version, to appear in Calc. Var
The Search for an Optimal U.S. Agricultural Water Quality Policy
Creators: name: Martin, William E.
name: Seitz, Wesley D.
name: Martin, William E.
name: Seitz, Wesley D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A generalized total systems model of agricultural production and water quality is outlined. Contributions of economists to the components of the system are reviewed. Economic investigation has been fragmented, but a few weak generalizations can be made. Generalization for policy will require comparisons between many large-scale models, rather than any single optimization.
Frictional drag measurements of large-scale plates in an enhanced plane channel flowcell
Creators: name: Turkmen, Serkan
name: Atlar, Mehmet
name: Yeginbayeva, Irma
name: Benson, Simon
name: Finlay, John A
name: Clare, Anthony S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This paper describes the design of an enhanced, plane channel, flowcell and its use for testing large-scale coated plates (0.6 m × 0.22 m) in fully developed flow, over a wide range of Reynolds numbers, with low uncertainty. Two identical, hydraulically smooth plates were experimentally tested. Uniform biofilms were grown on clean surfaces to test skin friction changes resulting from different biofilm thickness and densities. A velocity survey of the flowcell measurement section, using laser Doppler anemometry, showed a consistent velocity profile and low turbulence intensity in the central flow channel. The skin friction coefficient was experimentally determined using a pressure drop method. Results correlate closely to previously published regression data, particularly at higher speeds. Repeated measurements indicated very low uncertainty. This study demonstrates this flowcell’s applicability for representing consistent frictional drag of ship hull surfaces, enabling comparability of hydrodynamic drag caused by surface roughness to the reference surface measurements.
Using magnetic chip traps to study Tonks-Girardeau quantum gases
Creators: name: Reichel, Jakob
name: Thywissen, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the use of microfabricated magnetic traps, or "chip traps," to study quasi-one-dimensional quantum gases. In particular, we discuss the feasibility of studying the Tonks-Girardeau limit, in which the gas is strongly interacting. We review the scaling of the oscillation frequencies of a chip trap, and show that it seems feasible to attain a Tonks-Girardeau parameter as large as 200. The primary difficulty of this approach is detection, since the strongly interacting limit occurs for low densities. We propose a way to "freeze" the distribution, and then measure it with a single-atom detector. This method can also be applied to optical dipole traps.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. v3: Revised text, updated references. J Phys IV 2004, in press
PLEA BARGAINING IN BRAZIL: [IM]PROVING CRIMINAL TRIALS THROUGH THE BALANCE BETWEEN UTILITARIAN JUSTICE AND THE DEFENDANT’S FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Creators: name: Sousa, Marllon
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This doctorate dissertation aims to prove that the introduction of plea bargaining as a type of criminal proceeding in Brazil would be successful, reaching the expected balance between the need for justice (procedural utilitarianism) and defendants' fundamental rights. Major claims against the Brazilian criminal justice system were identified, showing that caseload pressure and an outdate legislation are the principle causes of the inefficacy and lack of legitimacy of criminal trials. The study presents an overview of Brazilian criminal trials, detecting relevant differences between practices in that country and in the U.S. American plea-bargaining was used as a model of comparison to show that practices in the U.S. rely on utilitarian philosophical roots. As a very innovative aspect, this research found the so-called plea-bargaining's core, after extracting the nuclear practices from state and federal models of American plea-bargaining. To identify the compatibility of American plea-bargaining with defendants' human rights, there is also a comparative approach with the American Convention on Human Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Following the evaluation of American plea-bargaining, this doctorate research approached consensual justices in Brazilian criminal trials, assessing the so-called civil composition of damages, penal transaction, conditional trial's deferral, and prized testimony, explaining why the mentioned practices are not similar to American plea-bargaining. The study also evaluates plea-bargaining's model outlined in the New CPP's Draft, describing and confronting criticisms on its probable adoption by Brazil. Additionally, the study assesses the results of a survey delivered among judges, prosecutors, public defenders and layers on their familiarity with plea bargaining. In its final chapter, considering the evaluation made throughout its content, this doctorate dissertation points out the aspects that an accurate model of plea-bargaining must contain, proving its thesis statement that it is possible to reach the balance between defendants' fundamental rights and the need for justice (efficacy of the criminal justice) in Brazil.
PLEA BARGAINING IN BRAZIL: [IM]PROVING CRIMINAL TRIALS THROUGH THE BALANCE BETWEEN UTILITARIAN JUSTICE AND THE DEFENDANT’S FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Creators: name: Sousa, Marllon
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: This doctorate dissertation aims to prove that the introduction of plea bargaining as a type of criminal proceeding in Brazil would be successful, reaching the expected balance between the need for justice (procedural utilitarianism) and defendants' fundamental rights. Major claims against the Brazilian criminal justice system were identified, showing that caseload pressure and an outdate legislation are the principle causes of the inefficacy and lack of legitimacy of criminal trials. The study presents an overview of Brazilian criminal trials, detecting relevant differences between practices in that country and in the U.S. American plea-bargaining was used as a model of comparison to show that practices in the U.S. rely on utilitarian philosophical roots. As a very innovative aspect, this research found the so-called plea-bargaining's core, after extracting the nuclear practices from state and federal models of American plea-bargaining. To identify the compatibility of American plea-bargaining with defendants' human rights, there is also a comparative approach with the American Convention on Human Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Following the evaluation of American plea-bargaining, this doctorate research approached consensual justices in Brazilian criminal trials, assessing the so-called civil composition of damages, penal transaction, conditional trial's deferral, and prized testimony, explaining why the mentioned practices are not similar to American plea-bargaining. The study also evaluates plea-bargaining's model outlined in the New CPP's Draft, describing and confronting criticisms on its probable adoption by Brazil. Additionally, the study assesses the results of a survey delivered among judges, prosecutors, public defenders and layers on their familiarity with plea bargaining. In its final chapter, considering the evaluation made throughout its content, this doctorate dissertation points out the aspects that an accurate model of plea-bargaining must contain, proving its thesis statement that it is possible to reach the balance between defendants' fundamental rights and the need for justice (efficacy of the criminal justice) in Brazil.
ALTERNATIVE PUNISHMENTS TO INCARCERATION IN THE SHARIA CRIMINAL LAW: THE APPLICABILITY OF THOSE ALTERNATIVES IN THE SAUDI ARABIAN CRIMINAL LAW FOR PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Creators: name: Alsharif, Hashem N.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In 2008, Saudi Arabia signed and ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Convention, CRPD), an international treaty that addresses matters related to persons with disabilities (PWD). Article 12(2) of the CRPD requires State Parties to “recognize that persons with disabilities enjoy legal capacity on an equal basis with others in all aspects of life.” Saudi Arabian domestic laws, which are in accordance with the Sharia, differentiate between two different types of legal capacity: the legal capacity to act and the legal capacity of rights. This distinction does not de facto violate the Convention; however, persons with intellectual disabilities (PWID) face a number of challenges due to the understating of the term legal capacity. This dissertation studies the effects of preventing PWID from enjoying their full legal capacity without supervision to determine whether Saudi Arabia should change its guardianship laws and the underlying domestic perspectives that ultimately isolate PWID. This dissertation does not resolve the challenges with how Saudi Arabia view disability, but rather calls to adopt the supported decision-making approach that allows PWID to enjoy their capacity to act and is in accordance with Saudi national laws.
Baseline inventory of the UBC food system : healthy food situation assessment and action plan
Creators: name: Little, Alexandra
name: Tahaei, Hana
name: Shu, Hannah
name: Da Ros, Letitia
name: Molander, Rita
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Snacks are an integral part of a university student’s diet given that schedules do not always allow enough time for students to sit down for a regular meal. This means that the to-go items that are offered at the main campus locations play a key role in determining student health. At the University of British Columbia campus, UBC Food Services is the primary food provider as they run and maintain several central dining locations such as Totem Park Residence Dining Hall, Place Vanier Residence Dining Hall, Ike’s Café and the Loop. To assess the healthy snack options on campus from a consumer’s perspective, a baseline inventory of all snack items available at the four locations was compiled and a survey of students was administered. Each inventory item was given a categorized as “choose most”, “choose sometimes”, “choose least”, and “not recommended” according to B.C. Food Sales Guidelines and labeling such as whether the snack was gluten-free was recorded. The Loop and Place Vanier had the most items under the ‘choose most’ category, and therefore, had the healthiest choices. Totem Park and Ike’s Cafe showed lower numbers of snack items belonging to the ‘choose most’ category. The combined survey results showed that 59% of consumers felt that the location they frequented had enough healthy options. At several locations, consumers voiced the desire for more vegan options as well as a greater variety of fruit. This was inconsistent with our inventory and led us to conclude that, although UBC Food Services is actively pursuing its local, fair trade, and organic procurement goals, consumers are often unaware of their procurement policies and the nature of the goods they provide. Therefore, our recommendations for UBC Food Services includes increasing the amount of ‘choose most’ options at both Totem and Ike’s Cafe, improving the labeling of dietary facts on snack items to increase awareness among consumers, as well as increasing the number of vegan, gluten-free and lactose-free snack alternatives. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Additional file 7 of Early-life undernutrition induces enhancer RNA remodeling in mice liver
Creators: name: Yinyu Wang
name: Yiting Mao
name: Yiran Zhao
name: Xianfu Yi
name: Guolian Ding
name: Chuanjin Yu
name: Jianzhong Sheng
name: Xinmei Liu
name: Yicong Meng
name: Huang, Hefeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Sequences for real-time PCR primers in this study.
Two-component Fermi gas with a resonant interaction
Creators: name: Bruun, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-component Fermi gas interacting via a Feshbach molecular state. It is shown that an important energy scale is $E_g=g^4m^3/(64π^2)$ where $g$ is the Feshbach coupling constant and $m$ the mass of the particles. Only when $E_g\gg ε_{\rm F}$ where $ε_{\rm F}$ is the Fermi energy can the gas be expected to enter a universal state in the unitarity limit on the atomic side of the resonance where there are no molecules present. The universal state is distinct from the molecular gas state on the other side of the resonance. We furthermore calculate the energy of the gas for this universal state and our results are related to current experiments on $^{6}$Li and $^{40}$K.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CROPLAND RETIREMENT FOR MEETING WATER QUALITY GOALS
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
name: Osborn, Tim
name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
name: Osborn, Tim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: One option for addressing agricultural NPS pollution is to retire cropland in problem areas. The USARM model is used to analyze national welfare costs of a retirement program. The results indicate that efficiency is increased if certain types of cropland are retired, rather than all cropland in designated problem areas.