cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soft Turbulence in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Creators: name: Jánosi, Imre M.
name: Vattay, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we compare the spectral properties of the daily medium temperature fluctuations with the experimental results of the Chicago Group, in which the local temperature fluctuations were measured in a helium cell. The results suggest that the dynamics of the daily temperature fluctuations is determined by the oft turbulent state of the atmospheric boundary layer, which state is significantly different from low dimensional chaos.
description: 4 pages, latex, revtex, Ask for figures from vattay@nbivax.nbi.dk
“Rule of Trust”: The Power and Perils of China’s Social Credit Megaproject
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Jie
name: Lin, Ching-Fu
name: Liu, Han-Wei
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Asian Law
Year: 2018

description: Emerging as a comprehensive and aggressive governance scheme in China, the “Social Credit System” (SCS) seeks to promote the norms of “trust” in the Chinese society by rewarding behavior that is considered “trust-keeping” and punishing those considered “trust-breaking.” This Article closely examines the evolving SCS regime and corrects myths and misunderstandings popularized in the international media. We identify four key mechanisms of the SCS, i.e., information gathering, information sharing, labeling, and joint sanctions, and highlight their unique characteristics as well as normative implications. In our view, the new governance mode underlying the SCS—what we call the “rule of trust”—relies on the fuzzy notion of “trust” and wide-ranging arbitrary and disproportionate punishments. It derogates from the notion of “governing the country in accordance with the law” enshrined in China’s Constitution. This Article contributes to legal scholarship by offering a distinctive critique of the perils of China’s SCS in terms of the party-state’s tightening social control and human rights violations. Further, we critically assess how the Chinese government uses information and communication technologies to facilitate data-gathering and data-sharing in the SCS with few meaningful legal constraints. The unbounded and uncertain notion of “trust” and the unrestrained employment of technology are a dangerous combination in the context of governance. We conclude with a caution that with considerable sophistication, the Chinese government is preparing a much more sweeping version of SCS reinforced by artificial intelligence tools such as facial-recognition and predictive policing. Those developments will further empower the government to enhance surveillance and perpetuate authoritarianism.
description: Columbia Journal of Asian Law, Vol. 32 No. 1 (2018)
Two-body Pion Absorption on $^3He$ at Threshold
Creators: name: Kiang, L. L.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
name: Riska, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a satisfactory explanation of the ratio of the rates of the reactions $^3He(π^-,nn)$ and $^3He(π^-,np)$ for stopped pions is obtained once the effect of the short range two-nucleon components of the axial charge operator for the nuclear system is taken into account. By employing realistic models for the nucleon-nucleon interaction in the construction of these components of the axial charge operator, the predicted ratios agree with the empirical value to within 10-20\%.
description: 19, UHPHYDOR-94-2
Almost sure scattering for the radial energy critical nonlinear wave equation in three dimensions
Creators: name: Bringmann, Bjoern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L05, 35L15, 35L71

description: We study the Cauchy problem for the radial energy critical nonlinear wave equation in three dimensions. Our main result proves almost sure scattering for radial initial data below the energy space. In order to preserve the spherical symmetry of the initial data, we construct a radial randomization that is based on annular Fourier multipliers. We then use a refined radial Strichartz estimate to prove probabilistic Strichartz estimates for the random linear evolution. The main new ingredient in the analysis of the nonlinear evolution is an interaction flux estimate between the linear and nonlinear components of the solution. We then control the energy of the nonlinear component by a triple bootstrap argument involving the energy, the Morawetz term, and the interaction flux estimate.
description: 49 pages, 5 figures
An Act for preventing Frauds upon Creditors by Secret Bills of Sale of Personal Chattels. Whereas, frauds are frequently committed upon Creditors by Secret Bills of Sale of Personal Chattels, whereby persons are enable to keep up the appearance of being in good circumstances and possessed of Property, and the grantees or holders of such Bills of Sale have the power of taking possession...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [large] [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT FOR PREVENTING FRAUDS UPON CREDITORS BY SECRET BILLS OF SALE OF PERSONAL CHATTELS. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 28TH DAY OF NOVEMBER, A.D. 1861. JAMES DOUGLAS.

Bills of Sale Act, 1861.
Modeling and Forecasting High-dimensional Functional Data
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: This thesis summarizes the research developed along this Ph.D. trajectory. The aim of this thesis is to develop new techniques for modeling and forecasting high-dimensional functional data. The first contribution of this thesis is to propose a functional error correction model (VECM) for the forecast of multivariate functional time series data. The model utilizes functional principal component analysis to reduce the infinite-dimensional functions to low-order principal component scores; the VECM is then applied to produce the forecast. An algorithm to generate bootstrap prediction intervals is also provided. The advantage of this model is that it not only takes into account the covariance between different groups but also can cope with data for which the assumption of stationarity does not hold. The usefulness of this model is demonstrated through a series of simulation studies and applications to the age-and sex-specific mortality rates in Switzerland and the Czech Republic. Extending from the multivariate functional time series, the second contribution of this thesis is to address the problem of forecasting high-dimensional functional time series. We propose a twofold dimension reduction model, where dynamic functional principal component analysis is first applied to reduce each functional time series to a vector; we then use the factor model as a further dimension reduction technique so that only a small number of latent factors is preserved. Classic time series models can be used to forecast the factors, and conditional forecasts of the functions can be constructed. Asymptotic properties of the approximated functions are established, including both estimation error and forecast error. The proposed method avoids the curse of dimensionality problem and is easy to implement. We show the superiority of our approach via both simulation studies and an application to Japanese age- and sex- specific mortality rates. Finally, we develop a factor-augmented smoothing model for the raw functional data contaminated by high-dimensional measurement errors. The high dimensionality here concerns the dimension of the measurement error, which is in a different sense from that in the second contribution. The proposed model reduces the dimension of the measurement error with a factor model, while smoothing the functional component. We provide strong motivations from three aspects with examples. Asymptotic theorems are also established to demonstrate the effects of including factor structures on the smoothing results. As a byproduct of independent interest, an estimator for the population covariance matrix of the raw data is presented based on the proposed model. Extensive simulation studies as well as an application to Australian weather data demonstrate that these factor adjustments are extremely important in improving estimation accuracy and avoiding the curse of dimensionality.
Why Law Enforcement Is Weak in China? The Mindset of the Frontline Tax Officials
Creators: name: Huina, Xiao
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Asian Law
Year: 2018

description: This article examines the decision-making process of the frontline tax bureaus in China. It suggests that the pressures of the revenue target, political and social networks, and a flawed tax legal system have shaped the frontline tax bureaucrats’ calculations on costs and benefits. Drawing on the cost-benefit analysis, this study finds four types of decisions in these situations: symbolic enforcement, creative enforcement, weak enforcement, and negotiated enforcement. The study suggests that to discipline frontline tax officials is never easy since most are constrained in a vicious circle. Only when the institutional environment is changed can the outcome of law enforcement be substantially enhanced. The typology is shown to be more applicable and comprehensive to understand the problems of law enforcement in developed and developing countries.
description: Columbia Journal of Asian Law, Vol. 31 No. 2 (2018)
How May China Respond to the U.S. Trade Approach? Retaliatory, Inclusive and Regulatory Responses
Creators: name: Wang, Heng
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Asian Law
Year: 2018

description: This paper endeavours to conceptualize and provide an analytical framework for China’s response to U.S. trade policy. It analyses the following questions: what is the new U.S. trade approach? How might China respond to the United States’ trade approach? What are the trend and implications of China’s response to the U.S. trade approach? It argues, first, that the U.S. trade approach has not changed regarding most of the U.S.-style regulatory disciplines. However, it has changed in terms of the shift toward managed trade, unilateralism and trade enforcement. Second, China will likely adopt a three-track approach: consisting of retaliatory, inclusive and regulatory responses. Third, these responses exist on a political-legal spectrum that spans from a more political retaliatory response through to an inclusive one, or a more legalized approach (regulatory response). The inclusive response is likely to be given primacy by China over the other two responses, and China’s responses carry profound implications.
description: Columbia Journal of Asian Law, Vol. 31 No. 2 (2018)
Regulations on Japanese Video Games for Protection of Children in Japan
Creators: name: Tsuji, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Asian Law
Year: 2018

description: In Japan, video games are generally regulated by self-imposed control and voluntary ratings by third parties, rather than by law. There is no special statute tailored to regulate video game software. Some people criticize this absence of law as being too lenient when it comes to protecting children. There are few studies published in English that are written by Japanese legal scholars that review regulations intended to protect children in Japan. Using a comparative law approach, comparing Japanese law with U.S. law, this paper contends that there are several tools to control and regulate video games for the purpose of protecting children. The use of legal devices is simply one of several means to achieve this goal. Even if legal regulations are enacted, they may not be very effective. Moreover, they could even have negative impacts on the freedom of expression that is protected under the Constitution of Japan.
description: Columbia Journal of Asian Law, Vol. 31 No. 2 (2018)
Experimental evidence of accelerated seismic release without critical failure in acoustic emissions of compressed nanoporous materials
Creators: name: Baró, Jordi
name: Dahmen, Karin A.
name: Davidsen, Jörn
name: Planes, Antoni
name: Castillo, Pedro O.
name: Nataf, Guillaume F.
name: Salje, Ekhard K. H.
name: Vives, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total energy of acoustic emission (AE) events in externally stressed materials diverges when approaching macroscopic failure. Numerical and conceptual models explain this accelerated seismic release (ASR) as the approach to a critical point that coincides with ultimate failure. Here, we report ASR during soft uniaxial compression of three silica-based (SiO$_2$) nanoporous materials. Instead of a singular critical point, the distribution of AE energies is stationary and variations in the activity rate are sufficient to explain the presence of multiple periods of ASR leading to distinct brittle failure events. We propose that critical failure is suppressed in the AE statistics by dissipation and transient hardening. Some of the critical exponents estimated from the experiments are compatible with mean field models, while others are still open to interpretation in terms of the solution of frictional and fracture avalanche models.
description: preprint, Main article: 7 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary material included in \anc folder: 6 pages, 3 figures
An Act to enlarge the time limited by the Victoria Gas Company's Act, 1860, for the establishment of Gas Works and Buildings by the Victoria Gas Company. Whereas, by the third section of the said Act, it is declared that the said Company shall, within one year from the passage of the said Act, unavoidable causalities of the sea and fire not preventing, ...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT TO ENLARGE THE TIME LIMITED BY THE VICTORIA GAS COMPANY'S ACT, 1860, FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GAS WORKS AND BUILDINGS BY THE VICTORIA GAS COMPANY. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 9TH DAY OF DECEMBER, A.D. 1861. JAMES DOUGLAS.

Victoria Gas Company's Extension Act, 1861.
title: Production of micro encapsulated phase change material
Creators: name: Sulzgruber, Verena
name: Walter, Heimo
name: Unterlass, Miriam Margarethe
name: Cavalli, Tobia
name: Haider, Markus
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: thermal energy storage
micro particles
encapsulated phase change material
experimental investigation

description: In this paper a production study of micro encapsulated NaNO3 particles for the application in heat storage systems is presented. Particles loads with different initial size between 100 μm and 400 μm are successfully coated with polyimide in a fluidized bed reactor. During the coating process the particles tend to agglomeration, which can be diminished by adapting the process settings. After successful mechanical stress tests, the thermal stress test of the produced particles discovered that the particles are subject to some kind of chemical reaction leading to a destruction of micro particles.
An Act to amend the Trades Licences Act, 1860. Whereas, it is expedient to alter and amend the Trades Licences Act, 1860: Be it enacted by the Governor on Her Majesty's behalf by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Assembly of Vancouver Island and its Dependencies: ...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms Al R. AN ACT TO AMEND THE TRADES LICENCES ACT, 1860. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 24TH DAY OF DECEMBER, A.D. 1861. JAMES DOUGLAS.

Trades Licences Amendment Act, 1861.
IE-39 The Future of Canadian Trade Policy: Three Symposia on Canada’s Most Pressing Trade Policy Challenges
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Eugene
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2019

description: The global economy has gone through dramatic and rapid changes over the past 20 years and the current environment is a challenging and evolving landscape for practitioners to manage. Meanwhile, economic research on international trade is also evolving with theory and empirical evidence on a rapidly changing global economy and policy space. What are the key challenges and opportunities facing Canada in a rapidly changing global economy and what are the most important and relevant international policy directions being developed? To examine these and related questions, leading institutions and scholars organized three events where they discussed the direction of Canadian trade policy and trade policy research. The University of Calgary’s School of Public Policy, the University of Ottawa’s CN-Paul M. Tellier Chair on Business and Public Policy in the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, the Centre for International Governance Innovation, and Global Affairs Canada partnered to bring together leading scholars, stakeholders and trade policy experts to address Canada’s most pressing trade policy issues. Topics included the effect of new technology on trade, progressive trade policy, the rise of protectionism, changes in global supply chains, and the role of academia in the formulation of trade policy, among others. The result was the development of new directions for the study and practice of trade policy in Canada. This report summarizes the findings of these meetings to make them accessible to scholars and policymakers. The programs for each of the three symposia are provided as an appendix. The three symposia were developed by a research planning team that included Eugene Beaulieu, Shenjie Chen, John Curtis, Judit Fabian, Patrick Leblond, Meredith Lilly, and Marie-France Paquet.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol 12 (2019)
Uses and Abuses of Effective Lagrangians
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: London, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by past and recent analyses we critically re-examine the use of effective lagrangians in the literature to constrain new physics and to determine the `physics reach' of future experiments. We demonstrate that many calculations, such as those involving anomalous trilinear gauge-boson couplings, either considerably overestimate loop-induced effects, or give ambiguous answers. The source of these problems is the use of cutoffs to evaluate the size of such operators in loop diagrams. In contrast to other critics of these loop estimates, we prove that the inclusion of nonlinearly-realized gauge invariance into the low-energy lagrangian is irrelevant to this conclusion. We use an explicit example using known multi-Higgs physics above the weak scale to underline these points. We show how to draw conclusions regarding the nature of the unknown high-energy physics without making reference to low-energy cutoffs.
description: 36 pages
On an attempt to optically excite the nuclear isomer in Th-229
Creators: name: Stellmer, Simon
name: Kazakov, Georgy
name: Schreitl, Matthias
name: Kaser, Hendrik
name: Kolbe, Michael
name: Schumm, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to perform direct optical spectroscopy of the Th-229 nuclear isomer to measure its energy and lifetime, and to demonstrate optical coupling to the nucleus. To this end, we develop Th-doped CaF2 crystals, which are transparent at the anticipated isomer wavelength. Such crystals are illuminated by tunable VUV undulator radiation for direct excitation of the isomer. We scan a 5 sigma region around the assumed isomer energy of 7.8(5) eV and vary the excitation time in sequential scans between 30 and 600 seconds. Suffering from an unforeseen strong photoluminescence of the crystal, the experiment is sensitive only to radiative isomer lifetimes between 0.2 and 1.1 seconds. For this parameter range, and assuming radiative decay as the dominant de-excitation channel, we can exclude an isomer with energy between 7.5 and 10 eV at the 95% confidence level.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
An Act to extend the provisions of the Limitation of Foreign Actions Act, 1860. Whereas, it is expedient to extend the provisions of the Limitation of Foreign Actions Act, 1860: Be it enacted by the Governor on Her Majesty's behalf, by and with the consent and advice of the Legislative Council and Assembly of Vancouver Island and its dependencies: ...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT TO EXTEND THE PROVISIONS OF THE LIMITATION OF FOREIGN ACTIONS ACT, 1860. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 24TH DAY OF DECEMBER, A.D. 1861. JAMES DOUGLAS.
Models for local ohmic quantum dissipation
Creators: name: Gallis, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct model master equations for local quantum dissipation. The master equations are in the form of Lindblad generators, with imposed constraints that the dissipations be strictly linear (i.e. ohmic), isotropic and translationally invariant. A particular form for is chosen to satisfy the constraints. The resulting master equations are given in both the Schrödinger and Heisenberg forms. We obtain fluctuation-dissipation relations, and discuss the relaxation of average kinetic energy to effective thermal equilibrium values. We compare our results to the Dekker and the Caldeira-Leggett master equations. These master equations allow a more general approach to quantum dissipation and the dynamics of quantum coherence to account for the nontrivial system-environment coupling in a local environment.
description: 19 pages, REVTEX, PSU/TH/120
Additional file 1: of Overexpression of PvCO1, a bamboo CONSTANS-LIKE gene, delays flowering by reducing expression of the FT gene in transgenic Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Xiao, Guohui
name: Li, Bingjuan
name: Chen, Hongjun
name: Chen, Wei
name: Wang, Zhengyi
name: Mao, Bizeng
name: Gui, Renyi
name: Guo, Xiaoqin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Primers used for cloning PvCO1 and PvCO2 genes. (DOCX 24 kb)
A Bill to Amend the Law relating to Bankruptcy and Insolvency in Vancouver Island and its Dependencies. Whereas, doubts have been entertained as to the application of the English Bankruptcy and Insolvent Laws to this Colony. And whereas it is expedient to amend the Laws relating to Bankruptcy and Insolvency, and to declare the same Laws so amended to be applicable to this Colony...
Creators: name: (:Null)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: A BILL TO AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO BANKRUPTCY AND INSOLVENCY IN VANCOUVER ISLAND AND ITS DEPENDENCIES.
From Minority to Mainstream - The Electoral Rise of the Scottish National Party 1999-2016
Creators: name: Cameron, James
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: With the re-establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, the Scottish National Party (SNP) became the main opposition party, and since 2007 has been the governing party. This rise to power was not a given, and is in comparison to the Welsh nationalist party, Plaid Cymru, which lost seats over the same period in Welsh parliamentary elections. Using data from the Scottish Social Attitudes Surveys and Scottish Election Studies, examining manifestos and key indicators, as well as interview feedback from Members of the Scottish Parliament and Scottish journalists, this study explores the various factors behind the electoral success of the SNP in Scottish elections. It examines the electoral success of the SNP across the first five elections of the Scottish Parliament, from 1999 until 2016, and explores the role of professionalisation, national identity, constitutional preferences, governing competence, other parties, leadership and the media. The study contributes to our understanding of how parties transition from niche to government and has implications for regional and nationalist movements in Western democracies. The key findings are that the Scottish National Party has been successful in Scottish elections primarily because of a process of professionalisation over several decades, opposition and governing competence, and effective leadership. The SNP has remained a mass party, but with elements of electoral-professional and catch-all party types. The analysis may provide clues as to whether the trend of success is likely to continue and thus whether the United Kingdom will remain intact or not. In a sense, the SNP is no ordinary party, but a party that has and will play a pivotal role in Scottish, British, European and world history.
Classical Lagrangian Model of the Pauli Principle
Creators: name: Neumann, John J.
name: Fai, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical Lagrangian model of the Pauli potential is introduced. It is shown that the kinematic kinetic energy ($\sum \frac{1}{2} m v^2$) in the model approximately reproduces the energy of a free Fermi gas at low temperatures and at densities relevant in nuclear collisions with moderate beam energies. Differences between canonical and kinematic quantities are pointed out. The Pauli potential can be used in transport simulations.
description: Latex, 8 pages, 3 figures available on request from the authors, KSUCNR-012-93
Methodology for Efficient CNN Architectures in Profiling Attacks
Creators: name: Zaid, Gabriel
name: Bossuet, Lilian
name: Habrard, Amaury
name: Venelli, Alexandre
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2019

description: The side-channel community recently investigated a new approach, based on deep learning, to significantly improve profiled attacks against embedded systems. Previous works have shown the benefit of using convolutional neural networks (CNN) to limit the effect of some countermeasures such as desynchronization. Compared with template attacks, deep learning techniques can deal with trace misalignment and the high dimensionality of the data. Pre-processing is no longer mandatory. However, the performance of attacks depends to a great extent on the choice of each hyperparameter used to configure a CNN architecture. Hence, we cannot perfectly harness the potential of deep neural networks without a clear understanding of the network’s inner-workings. To reduce this gap, we propose to clearly explain the role of each hyperparameters during the feature selection phase using some specific visualization techniques including Weight Visualization, Gradient Visualization and Heatmaps. By highlighting which features are retained by filters, heatmaps come in handy when a security evaluator tries to interpret and understand the efficiency of CNN. We propose a methodology for building efficient CNN architectures in terms of attack efficiency and network complexity, even in the presence of desynchronization. We evaluate our methodology using public datasets with and without desynchronization. In each case, our methodology outperforms the previous state-of-the-art CNN models while significantly reducing network complexity. Our networks are up to 25 times more efficient than previous state-of-the-art while their complexity is up to 31810 times smaller. Our results show that CNN networks do not need to be very complex to perform well in the side-channel context.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 1
An Act to prohibit Swine and Goats from running at large in the Town of Victoria; and to prohibit Goats from running at large in the settled Districts of Vancouver Island. Whereas, it is expedient to protect property from the depredations of Swine and Goats running at large in the town and District of Victoria, and other the settled Districts of Vancouver Island: ...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT TO PROHIBIT SWINE AND GOATS FROM RUNNING AT LARGE IN THE TOWN OF VICTORIA; AND TO PROHIBIT GOATS FROM RUNNING AT LARGE IN THE SETTLED DISTRICTS OF VANCOUVER ISLAND. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 15TH DAY OF JANUARY, A.D. 1862. JAMES DOUGLAS.
Three-Dimensional Photoacoustic Tomography using Delay Multiply and Sum Beamforming Algorithm
Creators: name: Paridar, Roya
name: Mozaffarzadeh, Moein
name: Mahloojifar, Ali
name: Nasiriavanaki, Mohammadreza
name: Orooji, Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), is a promising medical imaging technique that provides the high contrast of the optical imaging and the resolution of ultrasound (US) imaging. Among all the methods, Three-dimensional (3D) PAI provides a high resolution and accuracy. One of the most common algorithms for 3D PA image reconstruction is delay-and-sum (DAS). However, the quality of the reconstructed image obtained from this algorithm is not satisfying, having high level of sidelobes and a wide mainlobe. In this paper, delay-multiply-and-sum (DMAS) algorithm is suggested to overcome these limitations in 3D PAI. It is shown that DMAS algorithm is an appropriate reconstruction technique for 3D PAI and the reconstructed images using this algorithm are improved in the terms of the width of mainlobe and sidelobes, compared to DAS. Also, the quantitative results show that DMAS improves signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) for about 25 dB and 0.2 mm, respectively, compared to DAS.
description: This paper is presented in Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2018 conference and published by International Society for Optics and Photonics
An Act to authorize the Governor of Vancouver Island and its Dependencies, to Borrow Money for temporary purposes. Whereas, it is expedient to authorize the Governor for the time being, to borrow on the security of the Revenue of the current year, any sum of money not exceeding in the whole sum of Four Thousand Pounds, ...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT TO AUTHORIZE THE GOVERNOR OF VANCOUVER ISLAND AND ITS DEPENDENCIES, TO BORROW MONEY FOR TEMPORARY PURPOSES. ... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THE 29TH DAY OF MAY, A.D. 1862. JAMES DOUGLAS, GOVERNOR.

Vancouver Island Temporary Loan Act, 1862.
State Ownership and Regulatory Costs: A Law and Economic Explanation for the Prevalence of State-Owned Enterprises in China
Creators: name: Zeng, James Si
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Asian Law
Year: 2018

description: Despite China’s effort to privatize many state-owned enterprises (SOEs) after 1978, SOEs remain a prevalent type of enterprise in contemporary China. There is a widespread belief that they are inefficient and only exist because they have captured the government. This belief, however, does not fully explain why SOEs have been privatized in some sectors but not in others. This Article provides an efficiency explanation of SOEs in China. Applying the law and economic theory on the ownership of enterprise to state ownership, this Article conceptualizes the efficiency of SOEs as a tradeoff between two social costs: ownership costs and regulatory costs. SOEs generally have high ownership costs and thus are not common in many developed countries. However, in developing countries with weak regulatory capacity and legal institutions, they may help reduce regulatory costs, including the social costs associated with the enactment, alteration, and enforcement of regulatory rules, and those costs resulting from the failure to regulate enterprises adequately. The magnitude of regulatory costs in a specific country and industry, in turn, is significantly influenced by the regulatory institutions within which the enterprises operate. An important implication is that refining regulatory regimes may reduce regulatory costs and – in part by facilitating privatization of SOEs – enhance social efficiency.
description: Columbia Journal of Asian Law, Vol. 31 No. 1 (2017)
title: 01_0644
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Power Analysis on NTRU Prime
Creators: name: Huang, Wei-Lun
name: Chen, Jiun-Peng
name: Yang, Bo-Yin
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2019

description: This paper applies a variety of power analysis techniques to several implementations of NTRU Prime, a Round 2 submission to the NIST PQC Standardization Project. The techniques include vertical correlation power analysis, horizontal indepth correlation power analysis, online template attacks, and chosen-input simple power analysis. The implementations include the reference one, the one optimized using smladx, and three protected ones. Adversaries in this study can fully recover private keys with one single trace of short observation span, with few template traces from a fully controlled device similar to the target and no a priori power model, or sometimes even with the naked eye. The techniques target the constant-time generic polynomial multiplications in the product scanning method. Though in this work they focus on the decapsulation, they also work on the key generation and encapsulation of NTRU Prime. Moreover, they apply to the ideal-lattice-based cryptosystems where each private-key coefficient comes from a small set of possibilities.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 1
Robin eigenvalues on domains with peaks
Creators: name: Kovarik, Hynek
name: Pankrashkin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\ge 2,$ be a bounded domain with an outward power-like peak which is assumed not too sharp in a suitable sense. We consider the Laplacian $u\mapsto -Δu$ in $Ω$ with the Robin boundary condition $\partial_n u=αu$ on $\partialΩ$ with $\partial_n$ being the outward normal derivative and $α>0$ being a parameter. We show that for large $α$ the associated eigenvalues $E_j(α)$ behave as $E_j(α)\sim -ε_j α^ν$, where $ν>2$ and $ε_j>0$ depend on the dimension and the peak geometry. This is in contrast with the well-known estimate $E_j(α)=O(α^2)$ for the Lipschitz domains.
Additional file 1: of The characteristics of mixing patterns of sexual dyads and factors correlated with condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China
Creators: name: Yang, Juan
name: Xu, Huifang
name: Li, Shuo
name: Cheng, Weibin
name: Gu, Yuzhou
name: Xu, Peng
name: Yu, Qiuyan
name: Lv, Fan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaire for MSM in Guangzhou. Questionnaire for MSM in Guangzhou. (PDF 131 kb)
Multiple photon effects in fermion-(anti)fermion scattering at SSC energies
Creators: name: DeLaney, D. B.
name: Jadach, S.
name: Shio, Ch.
name: Siopsis, G.
name: Ward, B. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the theory of Yennie, Frautschi and Suura to realize, via Monte Carlo methods, the process $f\,\bbbarf\to f'\,\bbbarf'+nγ$ at SSC and LHC energies, where $f$ and $f'$ are quarks or leptons. QED infrared divergences are canceled to all orders in perturbation theory. The resulting Monte Carlo event generator, SSC-YFS2, is used to study the effects of initial-state photon radiation on these processes in the SSC environment. Sample Monte Carlo data are presented and discussed. We find that the respective multiple-photon effects must be taken into account in discussing precise predictions for SSC physics processes.
description: 14 pages + 8 figures + 1 table
[Querida Nivaria : Estaba esperando darte noticias sobre ‘’El Barranco’’.]
Creators: name: Emilio Adolfo, Westphalen
name: Westphalen, Emilio Adolfo
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Littérature
‘’El Barranco’’
Publication
Journalisme

description: Destinataire : Tejera, Nivaria
description: L’auteur l’informe de la situation difficile au Pérou et fait part de son pessimisme. Il a remis une copie du roman ‘’El Barranco’’ à Joaquín Díez-Canedo et attend sa réponse. Il évoque d’autres possibilités éditoriales, notamment celle d’un péruvien qui a monté sa maison d’édition, Fernando Tola. Il évoque également : ses publications dans ‘’Sábado’’ (supplément du journal ‘’Unomásuno’’), ‘’Vuelta’’ (la revue d’Octavio Paz), ‘’Diálogos’’ (édité par le Collège de Mexico), Juan Rulfo, une coopérative de journalistes, Alvaro Mutis, Arturo Azuela, Alberto Dallal (coordinateur du supplément du journal ‘’El Nacional’’), la publication de poèmes, le Fondo de Cultura Económica, des problèmes de santé, et Antón González.
description: El autor la informa de la difícil situación en el Perú y expresa su pesimismo. Entregó una copia de la novela '’El Barranco’' a Joaquín Díez-Canedo y espera su respuesta. Menciona otras posibilidades editoriales, en particular la de un peruano que fundó su editorial, Fernando Tola. También menciona: sus publicaciones en ''Sábado'' (suplemento del periódico ''Unomásuno'), ''Vuelta'' (la revista de Octavio Paz), '’Diálogos'' (editado por el Colegio de México), Juan Rulfo, una cooperativa de periodistas, Alvaro Mutis, Arturo Azuela, Alberto Dallal (coordinador del suplemento 'El Nacional'), la publicación de poemas, el Fondo de Cultura Económica, problemas de salud, y Antón González.
description: Note : Lettre avec son enveloppe. Deux coupures de presse comportant les ours du journal Unomásuno et du supplément hebdomadaire Sábado joints à la lettre.
description: Source: NT-AB-1978-10-17
description: Source: Localisation du document : Centre de Recherches Latino-Américaines (CRLA–Archivos, ITEM UMR8132). MSHS - Bât. A5, 1er étage 5 rue Théodore Lefebvre - TSA21103. 86073 Poitiers cedex 9.
Bianchi Cosmological Models and Gauge Symmetries
Creators: name: Coussaert, Olivier
name: Henneaux, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze carefully the problem of gauge symmetries for Bianchi models, from both the geometrical and dynamical points of view. Some of the geometrical definitions of gauge symmetries (=``homogeneity preserving diffeomorphisms'') given in the literature do not incorporate the crucial feature that local gauge transformations should be independent at each point of the manifold of the independent variables ( = time for Bianchi models), i.e, should be arbitrarily localizable ( in time). We give a geometrical definition of homogeneity preserving diffeomorphisms that does not possess this shortcoming. The proposed definition has the futher advantage of coinciding with the dynamical definition based on the invariance of the action ( in Lagrangian or Hamiltonian form). We explicitly verify the equivalence of the Lagrangian covariant phase space with the Hamiltonian reduced phase space. Remarks on the use of the Ashtekar variables in Bianchi models are also given.
description: 16 pages, Latex file, ULB-PMIF-92/10
Share-slicing: Friend or Foe?
Creators: name: Gao, Si
name: Marshall, Ben
name: Page, Dan
name: Oswald, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2019

description: Masking is a well loved and widely deployed countermeasure against side channel attacks, in particular in software. Under certain assumptions (w.r.t. independence and noise level), masking provably prevents attacks up to a certain security order and leads to a predictable increase in the number of required leakages for successful attacks beyond this order. The noise level in typical processors where software masking is used may not be very high, thus low masking orders are not sufficient for real world security. Higher order masking however comes at a great cost, and therefore a number techniques have been published over the years that make such implementations more efficient via parallelisation in the form of bit or share slicing. We take two highly regarded schemes (ISW and Barthe et al.), and some corresponding open source implementations that make use of share slicing, and discuss their true security on an ARM Cortex-M0 and an ARM Cortex-M3 processor (both from the LPC series). We show that micro-architectural features of the M0 and M3 undermine the independence assumptions made in masking proofs and thus their theoretical guarantees do not translate into practice (even worse it seems unpredictable at which order leaks can be expected). Our results demonstrate how difficult it is to link theoretical security proofs to practical real-world security guarantees.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 1
An Act to confirm the appointment of certain Members of the Court of Revision under "The Real Estate Tax Act, 1860." Whereas, many Members of the Court of Revision under "The Real Estate Tax Act, 1860," appointed by the Governor of Vancouver Island, have left this Colony; And whereas the said Governor has been compelled by the absence of such member to appoint certain persons...
Creators: name: Douglas, James
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: V. [Coat of arms A] R. AN ACT TO CONFIRM THE APPOINTMENT OF CERTAIN MEMBERS OF THE COURT OF REVISION UNDER "THE REAL ESTATE TAX ACT, 1860."... RECEIVED MY ASSENT THIS 12TH DAY OF JUNE, A.D. 1862. JAMES DOUGLAS, GOVERNOR.

Revisor's Confirmation Act, 1862.
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0024v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0024v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Butterfly trends – an integrated analytical framework for disparate data
Creators: name: Joensson, Galina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: In the midst of an environmental crisis, incomplete knowledge of long-term species trends limits our understanding of the effects of climate change, land-use change and other pressures on biodiversity. Current knowledge is largely based on data since the 1970s, whilst many pressures known to affect biodiversity began much earlier. Historical specimens offer a wealth of data from the period of accelerating anthropogenic pressures, but are rarely used to estimate trends. Specimen data were not systematically sampled, invalidating conventional modelling approaches and presenting substantial challenges for trend estimation. In this thesis, I address these challenges using specimen data. I formulate three integrated occupancy models that explicitly account for inconsistent sampling among and between occurrence datasets of British butterflies (natural history collections, a standardised monitoring scheme and opportunistic observational records). The different formulations represent alternative hypotheses about the data generation process underpinning each dataset. I use the three formulations to estimate trends for British butterflies since 1900 and employ a variety of statistical model-validation techniques to assess the goodness-of-fit for each formulation. Surprisingly, these techniques show limited ability to distinguish between formulations or species, despite some modelled trends being highly implausible. As an alternative approach to model validation, I conduct an expert elicitation to assess the plausibility of trends based on specimen data. The results demonstrate that expert knowledge is a useful addition to the model validation toolkit. Based on models experts deemed plausible, I investigated the timings of change in British butterflies using a functional approach. I show that substantial change occurred prior to the 1970s - indicating that we may indeed be suffering from “shifting baseline syndrome” In conclusion, my research demonstrates the enormous potential of historical specimens in biodiversity science; however, it highlights that substantive methodological challenges remain, including the inadequacy of existing diagnostic tools for evaluating complex hierarchical models.