cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Anonymous Communication Systems with a Focus on Dining Cryptographers Networks
Creators: name: Shirali, Mohsen
name: Tefke, Tobias
name: Staudemeyer, Ralf C.
name: Poehls, Henrich C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic analysis attacks can counteract end-to-end encryption and use leaked communication metadata to reveal information about communicating parties. With an ever-increasing amount of traffic by an ever-increasing number of networked devices, communication privacy is undermined. Therefore, Anonymous Communication Systems (ACSs) are proposed to hide the relationship between transmitted messages and their senders and receivers, providing privacy properties known as anonymity, unlinkability, and unobservability. This article aims to review research in the ACSs field, focusing on Dining Cryptographers Networks (DCNs). The DCN-based methods are information-theoretically secure and thus provide unconditional unobservability guarantees. Their adoption for anonymous communications was initially hindered because their computational and communication overhead was deemed significant at that time, and scalability problems occurred. However, more recent contributions, such as the possibility to transmit messages of arbitrary length, efficient disruption handling and overhead improvements, have made the integration of modern DCN-based methods more realistic. In addition, the literature does not follow a common definition for privacy properties, making it hard to compare the approaches' gains. Therefore, this survey contributes to introducing a harmonized terminology for ACS privacy properties, then presents an overview of the underlying principles of ACSs, in particular, DCN-based methods, and finally, investigates their alignment with the new harmonized privacy terminologies. Previous surveys did not cover the most recent research advances in the ACS area or focus on DCN-based methods. Our comprehensive investigation closes this gap by providing visual maps to highlight privacy properties and discussing the most promising ideas for making DCNs applicable in resource-constrained environments.
Fock space representations of Bogolyubov transformations as spin representations
Creators: name: Neergård, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The representation on a Fock space of the group of Bogolyubov transformations is recognized as the spin representation of an orthogonal group. Derivations based on this observation of some known formulas for the overlap amplitude of two Bogolyubov quasi-fermion vacuum states that are in some cases more complete than those in the literature are shown. It is pointed out that the name of an "Onishi formula" is assigned in the literature to two different expressions which are related but have different scopes. One of them has what has been described as a sign problem, the other one, due to Onishi and Yoshida, has a more limited scope and no sign problem. I give a short proof of the latter, whose derivation is missing in the paper by Onishi and Yoshida, and a new, combinatoric, proof of an equivalent formula recently derived by Robledo.
Electron Transport in MoWSeS Monolayers in Presence of an External Electric Field
Creators: name: Zibouche, Nourdine
name: Philipsen, Pier
name: Heine, Thomas
name: Kuc, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of an external electric field on single-layer transition-metal dichalcogenides TX2 with T = Mo, W and X = S, Se (MoWSeS) have been investigated by means of density-functional theory within two-dimensional periodic boundary conditions under consideration of relativistic effects including the spin-orbit interactions. Our results show that the external field modifies the band structure of the monolayers, in particular the conduction band. This modification has, however, very little influence on the band gap and effective masses of holes and electrons at the K point, and also the spin-orbit splitting of these monolayers is almost unaffected. Our results indicate a remarkable stability of the electronic properties of TX2 monolayers with respect to gate voltages. A reduction of the electronic band gap is observed only starting from field strengths of 2.0 V per Å (3.5 V per Å) for selenides (sulphides), and the transition to a metallic phase would occur at fields of 4.5 V per Å (6.5 V per Å).
description: submitted to PRB rapid communication, 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Research Software
Creators: name: Gey, Ronny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: research software
research data
reproducibility
RSE
research software engineering

description: (Note: The pdf previewer provided by Zenodo is not working properly and produces a display error in the online pdf preview. However, the file is ok and when you download it, it displays as it should.) In analogy to research data, research software plays a crucial role in making research traceable and reproducible. Software and data should sometimes simply be thought of together. In the presentation, information for a sustainable handling of research software will be presented and some hypotheses on the current state and future challenges will be put forward.
Testing Superdeterministic Conspiracy
Creators: name: Hossenfelder, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tests of Bell's theorem rule out local hidden variables theories. But any theorem is only as good as the assumptions that go into it, and one of these assumptions is that the experimenter can freely chose the detector settings. Without this assumption, one enters the realm of superdeterministic hidden variables theories and can no longer use Bell's theorem as a criterion. One can like or not like such superdeterministic hidden variables theories and their inevitable nonlocality, the real question is how one can test them. Here, we propose a possible experiment that could reveal superdeterminism.
description: Prepared for the proceedings of the conference "Emergent Quantum Mechanics", Vienna, October 3-6, 2013
Kinematic Expansive flows
Creators: name: Artigue, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study kinematic expansive flows on compact metric spaces, surfaces and general manifolds. Different variations of the definition are considered and its relationship with expansiveness in the sense of Bowen-Walters and Komuro is analyzed. We consider continuous and smooth flows and robust kinematic expansiveness of vector fields is considered on smooth manifolds.
Prediction of Auto Insurance Risk Based on t-SNE Dimensionality Reduction
Creators: name: Levitas, Joseph
name: Yavilberg, Konstantin
name: Korol, Oleg
name: Man, Genadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Correct risk estimation of policyholders is of great significance to auto insurance companies. While the current tools used in this field have been proven in practice to be quite efficient and beneficial, we argue that there is still a lot of room for development and improvement in the auto insurance risk estimation process. To this end, we develop a framework based on a combination of a neural network together with a dimensionality reduction technique t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding). This enables us to visually represent the complex structure of the risk as a two-dimensional surface, while still preserving the properties of the local region in the features space. The obtained results, which are based on real insurance data, reveal a clear contrast between the high and the low risk policy holders, and indeed improve upon the actual risk estimation performed by the insurer. Due to the visual accessibility of the portfolio in this approach, we argue that this framework could be advantageous to the auto insurer, both as a main risk prediction tool and as an additional validation stage in other approaches.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Using 'sentinel' plants to improve early detection of invasive plant pathogens.
Creators: name: Lovell-Read, Francesca A
name: Parnell, Stephen
name: Cunniffe, Nik J
name: Thompson, Robin N
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sentinel Species
Bayes Theorem
Plant Diseases
Plants
Olea

description: Infectious diseases of plants present an ongoing and increasing threat to international biosecurity, with wide-ranging implications. An important challenge in plant disease management is achieving early detection of invading pathogens, which requires effective surveillance through the implementation of appropriate monitoring programmes. However, when monitoring relies on visual inspection as a means of detection, surveillance is often hindered by a long incubation period (delay from infection to symptom onset) during which plants may be infectious but not displaying visible symptoms. 'Sentinel' plants-alternative susceptible host species that display visible symptoms of infection more rapidly-could be introduced to at-risk populations and included in monitoring programmes to act as early warning beacons for infection. However, while sentinel hosts exhibit faster disease progression and so allow pathogens to be detected earlier, this often comes at a cost: faster disease progression typically promotes earlier onward transmission. Here, we construct a computational model of pathogen transmission to explore this trade-off and investigate how including sentinel plants in monitoring programmes could facilitate earlier detection of invasive plant pathogens. Using Xylella fastidiosa infection in Olea europaea (European olive) as a current high profile case study, for which Catharanthus roseus (Madagascan periwinkle) is a candidate sentinel host, we apply a Bayesian optimisation algorithm to determine the optimal number of sentinel hosts to introduce for a given sampling effort, as well as the optimal division of limited surveillance resources between crop and sentinel plants. Our results demonstrate that including sentinel plants in monitoring programmes can reduce the expected prevalence of infection upon outbreak detection substantially, increasing the feasibility of local outbreak containment.
DGEclust: differential expression analysis of clustered count data
Creators: name: Vavoulis, Dimitrios V
name: Francescatto, Margherita
name: Heutink, Peter
name: Gough, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most published studies on the statistical analysis of count data generated by next-generation sequencing technologies have paid surprisingly little attention on cluster analysis. We present a statistical methodology (DGEclust) for clustering digital expression data, which (contrary to alternative methods) simultaneously addresses the problem of model selection (i.e. how many clusters are supported by the data) and uncertainty in parameter estimation. We show how this methodology can be utilised in differential expression analysis and we demonstrate its applicability on a more general class of problems and higher accuracy, when compared to popular alternatives. DGEclust is freely available at https://bitbucket.org/DimitrisVavoulis/dgeclust
description: 26 pages, 7 figures
The New Age of Learning: AI & XR Transforming Advanced Scientific Training and Networking
Creators: name: Krebs, Jonas
name: Sabidó, Eduard
name: Solé, Anna
name: Kastelic, Damjana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
Extended Reality
Scientific Education

description: The New Age of Learning: AI & XR Transforming Advanced Scientific Training and Networking
CyF-MAP: a pathway-based resource for Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Pereira, Catarina
name: Mazein, Alexander
name: Amaral, Margarida
name: Falcao, Andre O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by more than 2,000 mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, generating some variability in symptoms and disease severity among individuals sharing the same CFTR genotype. Although CF data are increasing and the role of modifier genes is largely acknowledged in the field as contributing to such variability, it is still unclear how different cellular pathways are affected by such diversity of mutations and vice versa, how different pathways affect the severity of mutations. Our goal is to apply bioinformatic and systems biology tools to collect, integrate and visualize existing CF data so as to extract their biological significance and find novel drug targets and therapeutic strategies. Here, we present the CyF-MAP, a disease map integrating most molecular mechanisms and pathways so far described in CF, with a focus on CFTR and its variants. CyF-MAP represents the first step into a specific CF knowledge resource consisting in accurate pathways retrieved from selected data encompassing literature manual curation and participation of experts from different CF domains. Furthermore, CyF-MAP is divided into two submaps representing wild-type CFTR (wt-CFTR) and the most common mutation F508del-CFTR. Inclusion of the F508del-CFTR map allows comparison of the underlying mechanisms involved in CF with those occurring under physiological conditions. Indeed, the major pathways involved in wt-CFTR and F508del-CFTR are represented, including protein biosynthesis, ER retention/degradation or export, activation/ inactivation at the PM and recycling/degradation after endocytosis. CyF-MAP represents a crowdsourced repository of CF knowledge accessible and exchangeable to researchers enabling easy access to accurately depicted CFTR molecular mechanisms. Accessing CyF-MAP allows interpretation of biological significance of CF data and analysis of the different molecular, functional, and physiological levels of CF. This will be an open-access web resource, aiming at constituting a reference CF data repository with comprehensive user input capabilities for continuous updating. Work supported by UIDB/04046/2020 and UIDP/04046/2020 centre grants from FCT, Portugal (to BioISI). CP is recipient of a BioSys PhD programme fellowship (PD/BD/131405/2017) from FCT (Portugal). The authors are grateful to Carlos Farinha, Michael Gray and Karl Kunzelmann for their expert advice in the construction of CyF-MAP.
Repository for the single cell RNA sequencing data analysis for the human manuscript.
Creators: name: Jonathan
name: Andrew
name: Pierre
name: Allart
name: Adrian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: single cell, scRNAseq

description: This is the GitHub repository for the single cell RNA sequencing data analysis for the human manuscript.

The following essential libraries are required for script execution:

Seurat

scReportoire

ggplot2

dplyr

ggridges

ggrepel

ComplexHeatmap

 

Linked File:

--------------------------------------
 

This repository contains code for the analysis of single cell RNA-seq dataset. The dataset contains raw FASTQ files, as well as, the aligned files that were deposited in GEO. Provided below are descriptions of the linked datasets:

1. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) ID: GSE229626 
   - Title: Gene expression profile at single cell level of human T cells stimulated via antibodies against the T Cell Receptor (TCR)
   - Description: This submission contains the `matrix.mtx`, `barcodes.tsv`, and `genes.tsv` files for each replicate and condition, corresponding to the aligned files for single cell sequencing data. 
   - Submission type: Private. In order to gain access to the repository, you must use a "reviewer token"(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/info/reviewer.html).

2. Sequence read archive (SRA) repository
    - Title: Gene expression profile at single cell level of human T cells stimulated via antibodies against the T Cell Receptor (TCR)
   - Description:  This submission contains the "raw sequencing" or `.fastq.gz` files, which are tab delimited text files. 
   - Submission type: Private. In order to gain access to the repository, you must use a "reviewer token" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/info/reviewer.html). Please note that since the GSE submission is private, the raw data deposited at SRA may not be accessible until the embargo on GSE229626 has been lifted. 

 

Installation and Instructions
--------------------------------------
The code included in this submission requires several essential packages, as listed above. Please follow these instructions for installation:

> Ensure you have R version 4.1.2 or higher for compatibility. 

> Although it is not essential, you can use R-Studios (Version 2022.12.0+353 (2022.12.0+353)) for accessing and executing the code. 

The following code can be used to set working directory in R:

> setwd(directory)

Steps:
1. Download the "Human_code_April2023.R" and "Install_Packages.R" R scripts, and the processed data from GSE229626.
2. Open "R-Studios"(https://www.rstudio.com/tags/rstudio-ide/) or a similar integrated development environment (IDE) for R. 
3. Set your working directory to where the following files are located:
   - Human_code_April2023.R
   - Install_Packages.R
4. Open the file titled `Install_Packages.R` and execute it in R IDE. This script will attempt to install all the necessary pacakges, and its dependencies.
 
5. Open the `Human_code_April2023.R` R script and execute commands as necessary.
Some Combinatorial Problems on Binary Matrices in Programming Courses
Creators: name: Yordzhev, Krasimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97P50, 68R05, 05B20

description: The study proves the existence of an algorithm to receive all elements of a class of binary matrices without obtaining redundant elements, e. g. without obtaining binary matrices that do not belong to the class. This makes it possible to avoid checking whether each of the objects received possesses the necessary properties. This significantly improves the efficiency of the algorithm in terms of the criterion of time. Certain useful educational effects related to the analysis of such problems in programming classes are also pointed out.
On the relation between the spin and the magnetic moment of the proton
Creators: name: Fatollahi, Amir H.
name: Shariati, Ahmad
name: Khorrami, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the quark model of hadrons the spin and the magnetic moment of proton can not be taken proportional. This is in contradiction with the widely used relation between these two properties of the proton. This apparent difficulty is addressed by the most elementary notions of the relevant physics. In particular it is emphasized that the widely used relation is only valid in the lowest orders of perturbation, in which transitions between different baryons do not occur. For other processes where such transitions do occur, such as inelastic scattering off the protons, the quark model relation for the magnetic moment is used to give an estimation for the amplitude of transition between states with different total spins.
description: 1+6 pages, LaTeX, no fig
Noether Symmetries of Some Homogeneous Universe Models in Curvature Corrected Scalar-Tensor Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Waheed, Saira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore Noether gauge symmetries of FRW and Bianchi I universe models for perfect fluid in scalar-tensor gravity with extra term $R^{-1}$ as curvature correction. Noether symmetry approach can be used to fix the form of coupling function $ω(ϕ)$ and the field potential $V(ϕ)$. It is shown that for both models, the Noether symmetries, the gauge function as well as the conserved quantity, i.e., the integral of motion exist for the respective point like Lagrangians. We determine the form of coupling function as well as the field potential in each case. Finally, we investigate solutions through scaling or dilatational symmetries for Bianchi I universe model without curvature correction and discuss its cosmological implications.
A right and left truncated gamma distribution with application to the stars
Creators: name: Zaninetti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gamma density function is usually defined in interval between zero and infinity. This paper introduces an upper and a lower boundary to this distribution. The parameters which characterize the truncated gamma distribution are evaluated. A statistical test is performed on two samples of stars. A comparison with the lognormal and the four power law distribution is made.
description: 9 pages 4 figures
Explosive Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Diehl, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: nucleosynthesis, interstellar medium, supernovae, massive stars

description: Cosmic nucleosynthesis had been one of INTEGRAL’s major science targets. The SPI spectrometer delivered important measurements, both from targets of opportunity in the form of stellar explosions and their shortlived radionuclides, and from cumulative emission of long-lived radioactive isotopes. We review the lessons learned on explosive nucleosynthesis and supernova explosions, and massive stars related to core-collapse supernovae, from the measurements of the lines from the $^{56}$Ni decay chain, of $^{44}$Tii decay, and of diffuse emission in the lines from $^26}$Al and ${60}$Fe. We also address how gamma-ray results relate to other measurements on explosions and radioactive ashes thereof.
Reduced circulating BMP9 and pBMP10 in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Creators: name: Dunmore, Benjamin J
name: Upton, Paul D
name: Auckland, Kate
name: Samanta, Romit J
name: Lyons, Paul A
name: Smith, Kenneth G C
name: Gräf, Stefan
name: Summers, Charlotte
name: Morrell, Nicholas W
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endothelial Cell Dysfunction
Bmps
Viral Infections And Pathogenesis

description: Similar to other causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by the aberrant expression of vascular injury biomarkers. We present the first report that circulating plasma bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), BMP9 and pBMP10, involved in vascular protection, are reduced in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
title: ''Enlightening the Laity': Learning and Seeing in English and French late- thirteenth to early fourteenth-century illuminated manuscripts'
Creators: name: Astell, Roisin
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines, for the first time, a type of image, where figures are depicted in the confines of the letter form, looking out at or engaging with their accompanying texts or images (throughout described as 'head initials'). In a series of four case studies, this research investigates the potential role and function of these image types in illuminated devotional manuscripts made in late thirteenth- and early fourteenth-century France and England. While each manuscript's contents and decorative programme vary, each shares the collective desire to improve the laity's spiritual edification and bring them closer to God by providing a deeper understanding of divine truths and mysteries. This research also considers the concurrent changes in theology and developments in optical theories as a framework to examine the iconography of head initials. During this period, medieval theologians began to think and preach that vision occurred through a reciprocal relationship between an external object and a viewer. A process that fundamentally required the viewer's soul to actively participate and judge visual forms within the mind's eye and interior senses. By examining these contemporary developments, this research sheds light on how scholastic understandings of vision may have informed artists' decisions to develop and use this iconographic type within the four case studies. This thesis argues that the rise in popularity and sustained use of head initials alongside devotional texts, emphasised this new perception of vision, with images no longer being static representations, but active and receptive within the devotional correspondence between image and viewer. It seeks to ask scholars to look again at these case studies of head initials and their ability to encourage spiritual meditation beyond the page, as forms of instruction to facilitate access to God.
Disentangling the Black Hole Vacuum
Creators: name: Hossenfelder, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the question whether disentanglement of Hawking radiation can be achieved with any local operation. We assume that the operation we look for is unitary and can be described by a Bogoliubov transformation. This allows to formulate requirements on the operation of disentanglement. We then show that these requirements can be fulfilled by a timelike boundary condition in the near-horizon area and that the local observer does not notice the presence of the boundary and does not encounter a firewall.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
CYBERSECURITY – CHOOSEN ASPECTS
Creators: name: Pilarski, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2022

description: In the era of contemporary cyber threats, there is an urgent need to provide cybersecurity in almost every public institution as well as in business. Particular emphasis should be put on institutions which are responsible for ensuring national security. A specific case is a military organization where cybersecurity should be provided during peace, crisis and war. In this article the author presented selected problems related to providing cyber security in a military organization and proposed appropriate solutions to the indicated aspects.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 279 Nr 2 (2022)
BENCHMARKING CITIES OF 15 MINUTES USING OPEN DATA AND TOOLS WITHIN THE MYFAIRSHARE PROJECT
Creators: name: Krajzewicz, Daniel
name: Rudloff, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The "MyFairShare" project develops fair CO2 mobility budgets for individuals. Here, "fairness" mainly depends on the people's location as everyone should be capable to access all the destinations needed to perform everyday tasks. As such, a basic understanding about the accessibility within an area is needed, regarding all activities that must be performed. To achieve this, a software system for benchmarking areas has been developed. It is based on open source applications and uses data that – besides public transport data in GTFS format – is freely available throughout Europe.
At first, the system computes the accessibility of activity locations for the modes walking, bicycling, public transport and motorized individual transport. The used input data consists of the transport infrastructure and activity locations from OpenStreetMap (OSM), GTFS data for computing public transport accessibilities, and the census population grid. The centroids of the 1 km × 1km population grid are used as origins, the activity locations as destinations. Here, activity locations are distinguished by the respective activity type, namely work, education, shopping, leisure, and errands. The accessibility measures were computed using the open source tool "UrMoAC"[1].
These activity measures are then weighted by the frequency of the respective activity within a week obtained from the Austrian national mobility survey. The weights for the different activity types can be set manually or chosen from a set of pre-defined person groups, such as kids, single parents or elderly.
Besides developing and computing the benchmark, a web-based visualisation tool has been developed in the scope of the project that allows to investigate the results in an interactive manner[2]. The benchmark has been applied to the project's living lab areas, namely Berlin (DE), Jelgava (LV), London (UK), Sarpsborg (NO), and Vienna (AT).
Besides presenting the plain accessibility measures, the tool allows for computing the least necessary CO2 budget needed to access all locations that need to be visited within a week. This is done by going through the modes, ordering them by their sustainability – walking, bicycling, public transport, MIT – for all activities and choosing the first, most sustainable mode if a location the respective activity can be performed at is found in a range of 15 minutes. Again, activities are weighted by the frequency of being visited within a week.
The first evaluations show that while large parts of major cities minimum carbon budgets are already within 2030 goals, achieving 15-minute cities is tougher, especially if all activity locations should be accessible by foot. As common to other investigations, the most developed areas can usually be found around the cities' center.
The MyFairShare project is funded under the JPI Urban Europe ERA-NET Cofund Urban Accessibility and Connectivity (ENUAC).
 
[1] https://github.com/DLR-VF/UrMoAC
[2] https://mytrips.ait.ac.at/myfairshare/
Entanglement And Non-Trivial Topologies
Creators: name: Prudencio, Thiago
name: Cirilo-Lombardo, Diego Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider states defined on non-trivial topologies of Torus, Mobius and Torus-Mobius. Adequate operators leading to the construction of coherent states, two-mode coherent states and entangled states are derived and we show a class of entangled states on Torus that are related to the entanglement of photons by orbital angular momentum states.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Holographic reconstruction of $f(G)$ Gravity for scale factors pertaining to Emergent, Logamediate and Intermediate scenarios
Creators: name: Jawad, Abdul
name: Pasqua, Antonio
name: Chattopadhyay, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we reconstruct the holographic dark energy in the framework of $f(G)$ modified theory of gravity, where $G$ is Gauss-Bonnet invariant. In this context, we choose the infrared cut-off as Granda-Oliveros cut-off which is proportional to the Hubble parameter $H$ and its first derivative with respect to the cosmic time $t$. We reconstruct $f(G)$ model with the inclusion of HDE and three well-known forms of the scale factor $a(t)$, i.e. the emergent, the logamediate and the intermediate scale factors. The reconstructed model as well as equation of state parameter are discussed numerically with the help of graphical representation to explore the accelerated expansion of the universe. Moreover, the stability of the models incorporating all the scale factors is checked through squared speed of sound $v_s^2$.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
A Light Yield Enhancement Method Using Wavelength Shifter for the STCF EMC
Creators: name: Jia, Zekun
name: Yu, Hanlin
name: Mo, Hongkun
name: Song, Yong
name: Shen, Zhongtao
name: Zhang, Yunlong
name: Liu, Jianbei
name: Peng, Haiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) is a next-generation high luminosity electron-positron collider facility and is currently one of the major options for accelerator-based particle physics experiment in China. The crystal-based electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) with undoped CsI is a major sub-system of the STCF spectrometer. To fulfill the increasing physics requirements on measurement precision and the suffering of radiation, improving the detected light yield is an important task of STCF EMC R&D. This paper studies a "wavelength shifting in propagation" scheme for STCF EMC using the nanostructured organosilicon luminophore (NOL). The studies are performed by both Monte Carlo simulation and experimental tests. The light yield is proved to be improved by a factor of 1.59 in the experiment. Meanwhile, a study of the NOL's radiation hardness is carried out to verify the reliability of the NOL. No obvious degradation in the performance is observed with the total ionization does up to 100 krad, far beyond the total radiation dose of STCF with ten years of operation.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
On a perturbation theory and on strong convergence rates for stochastic ordinary and partial differential equations with non-globally monotone coefficients
Creators: name: Hutzenthaler, Martin
name: Jentzen, Arnulf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develope a perturbation theory for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) by which we mean both stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODEs) and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). In particular, we estimate the $ L^p $-distance between the solution process of an SDE and an arbitrary Itô process, which we view as a perturbation of the solution process of the SDE, by the $ L^q $-distances of the differences of the local characteristics for suitable $ p, q > 0 $. As application of our perturbation theory, we establish strong convergence rates for numerical approximations of a class of SODEs with non-globally monotone coefficients. As another application of our perturbation theory, we prove strong convergence rates for spectral Galerkin approximations of solutions of semilinear SPDEs with non-globally monotone nonlinearities including Cahn-Hilliard-Cook type equations and stochastic Burgers equations. Further applications of the perturbation theory include the regularity of solutions of SDEs with respect to the initial values and small-noise analysis for ordinary and partial differential equations.
description: 41 pages
Magellan Adaptive Optics first-light observations of the exoplanet $β$ Pic b. I. Direct imaging in the far-red optical with MagAO+VisAO and in the near-IR with NICI
Creators: name: Males, Jared R.
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Wahhaj, Zahed
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Kopon, Derek
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Riccardi, Armando
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Xompero, Marco
name: Briguglio, Runa
name: Biller, Beth A.
name: Nielsen, Eric L.
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Hayward, Thomas L.
name: Chun, Mark
name: Ftaclas, Christ
name: Toomey, Douglas W.
name: Wu, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first ground-based CCD ($λ< 1μ$m) image of an extrasolar planet. Using MagAO's VisAO camera we detected the extrasolar giant planet (EGP) $β$ Pictoris b in $Y$-short ($Y_S$, 0.985 $μ$m), at a separation of $0.470 \pm 0.010''$ and a contrast of $(1.63 \pm 0.49) \times 10^{-5}$. This detection has a signal-to-noise ratio of 4.1, with an empirically estimated upper-limit on false alarm probability of 1.0%. We also present new photometry from the NICI instrument on the Gemini-South telescope, in $CH_{4S,1\%}$ ($1.58$ $μm$), $K_S$ ($2.18μm$), and $K_{cont}$ (2.27 $μm$). A thorough analysis of our photometry combined with previous measurements yields an estimated near-IR spectral type of L$2.5\pm1.5$, consistent with previous estimates. We estimate log$(L_{bol}/L_{Sun})$ = $-3.86 \pm 0.04$, which is consistent with prior estimates for $β$ Pic b and with field early-L brown dwarfs. This yields a hot-start mass estimate of $11.9 \pm 0.7$ $M_{Jup}$ for an age of $21\pm4$ Myr, with an upper limit below the deuterium burning mass. Our $L_{bol}$ based hot-start estimate for temperature is $T_{eff}=1643\pm32$ K (not including model dependent uncertainty). Due to the large corresponding model-derived radius of $R=1.43\pm0.02$ $R_{Jup}$, this $T_{eff}$ is $\sim$$250$ K cooler than would be expected for a field L2.5 brown dwarf. Other young, low-gravity (large radius), ultracool dwarfs and directly-imaged EGPs also have lower effective temperatures than are implied by their spectral types. However, such objects tend to be anomalously red in the near-IR compared to field brown dwarfs. In contrast, $β$ Pic b has near-IR colors more typical of an early-L dwarf despite its lower inferred temperature.
description: 40 pages, 20 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Periodic Solutions of the extended Duffing-Van der Pol Oscillator
Creators: name: Euzebio, Rodrigo
name: Llibre, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper some aspects on the periodic solutions of the extended Duffing-Van der Pol oscillator are discussed. Doing different rescaling of the variables and parameters of the system associated to the extended Duffing-Van der Pol oscillator we show that it can bifurcate one or three periodic solutions from a 2-dimensional manifold filled by periodic solutions of the referred system. For each rescaling we exhibit concrete values for which these bounds are reached. Beyond that we characterize the stability of some periodic solutions. Our approach is analytical and the results are obtained using averaging theory and some algebraic techniques.
SERUM BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY AGAINST PLESIOMONAS SHIGELLOIDES: ROLE OF ABO BLOOD GROUP
Creators: name: Ifeoma Enweani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Blood was collected from a total of 160 individuals, forty each belonging to different ABO groups with no history of P. shigelloides infection. They were allowed to clot at room temperature for 3 hours and centrifuged at 2000g for 10 minutes to obtain serum which were then pooled with respect to their various blood groups and the serum bactericidal activity performed in sterile microtitre ‘U-wells’. The P. shigelloides isolates were most sensitive (64. 34%) to blood group B, followed by AB (58.68%) and A (56.72%). The organism was resistant to blood group O as percentage sensitivity (47.68%) was lower than 50%. Results further revealed that serum bactericidal activity was complement-dependent. This study has revealed that individuals belonging to blood group O may be more susceptible to P. shigelloides infection in our environment, a finding which is of both clinical and epidemiological significance.
NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES AND THREATS
Creators: name: Wyrębek, Henryk
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2022

description: The catalogue of threats which currently exist in the national security environment and may occur in the future is constantly growing. These phenomena are characterized by diversity, intensity, as well as unpredictability of the scale and consequences of their occurrence. The diversity of threats results from the fact that they are a consequence of mutually interacting political, military, economic and social, demographic and environmental processes and phenomena. Their character causes that they increasingly often lead to the occurrence of a crisis situation, and thus to the disruption of the normal functioning of the state. The article attempts to analyze the specific determinants of national security.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 279 Nr 2 (2022)
THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Creators: name: Krzykowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2022

description: In their action, the Russian authorities use a number of different tools, military strength being one of the key ones. Russia’s neo-imperial ambitions are reflected in the new strategic and doctrinal documents. They follow a more confrontational line and emphasize Russia’s desire to frame a new architecture of international security. In pursuing its strategic goals, Russia has undertaken a comprehensive programme of technical upgrade of its armed forces, launches impressive military exercise programmes and militarizes the society. The worsening international situation at the beginning of the 21st century, as a derivative of the growing power and importance of the Russian Federation, posed a threat to the countries of the former Warsaw Pact. The aim of the article is to discuss the military tools employed in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation, both direct and indirect. In areas of strategic interest outside the post-Soviet area, they mainly take an indirect form. An example of Russia’s desire to restore its imperial influence is demonstrations of its strategic combat capabilities, including by taking provocative action in the western direction.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 279 Nr 2 (2022)
Large-deviation properties of resilience of transportation networks
Creators: name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributions of the resilience of transport networks are studied numerically, in particular the large-deviation tails. Thus, not only typical quantities like average or variance but the distributions over the (almost) full support can be studied. For a proof of principle, a simple transport model based on the edge-betweenness and three abstract yet widely studied random network ensembles are considered here: Erdoes-Renyi random networks with finite connectivity, small world networks and spatial networks embedded in a two-dimensional plane. Using specific numerical large-deviation techniques, probability densities as small as 10^(-80) are obtained here. This allows one to study typical but also the most and the least resilient networks. The resulting distributions fulfill the mathematical large-deviation principle, i.e., can be well described by rate functions in the thermodynamic limit. The analysis of the limiting rate function reveals that the resilience follows an exponential distribution almost everywhere. An analysis of the structure of the network shows that the most-resilient networks can be obtained, as a rule of thumb, by minimizing the diameter of a network. Also, trivially, by including more links a network can typically be made more resilient. On the other hand, the least-resilient networks are very rare and characterized by one (or few) small core(s) to which all other nodes are connected. In total, the spatial network ensemble turns out to be most suitable for obtaining and studying resilience of real mostly finite-dimensional networks. Studying this ensemble in combination with the presented large-deviation approach for more realistic, in particular dynamic transport networks appears to be very promising.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Universality of the Acceleration Due to Gravity on the Surface of a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star
Creators: name: AlGendy, Mohammad
name: Morsink, Sharon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the surface of a rapidly rotating neutron star, the effective centrifugal force decreases the effective acceleration due to gravity (as measured in the rotating frame) at the equator while increasing the acceleration at the poles due to the centrifugal flattening of the star into an oblate spheroid. We compute the effective gravitational acceleration for relativistic rapidly rotating neutron stars and show that for a star with mass $M$, equatorial radius $R_e$, and angular velocity $Ω$, the deviations of the effective acceleration due to gravity from the nonrotating case take on a universal form that depends only on the compactness ratio $M/R_e$, the dimensionless square of the angular velocity $Ω^2R_e^3/GM$, and the latitude on the star's surface. This dependence is universal, in that it has very little dependence on the neutron star's equation of state. The effective gravity is expanded in the slow rotation limit to show the dependence on the effective centrifugal force, oblate shape of the star and the quadrupole moment of the gravitational field. In addition, an empirical fit and simple formula for the effective gravity is found. We find that the increase in the acceleration due to gravity at the poles is of the same order of magnitude as the decrease in the effective acceleration due to gravity at the equator for all realistic value of mass, radius and spin. For neutron stars that spin with frequencies near 600 Hz the difference between the effective gravity at the poles and the equator is about 20%.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Dynamics of Many-Body Localization
Creators: name: Lev, Yevgeny Bar
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the field theoretic approach of Basko et al., Ann. Phys. 321, 1126 (2006), we study in detail the real-time dynamics of a system expected to exhibit many-body localization. In particular, for time scales inaccessible to exact methods, we demonstrate that within the second-Born approximation that the temporal decay of the density-density correlation function is non-exponential and is consistent with a finite value for $t\to\infty$, as expected in a non-ergodic state. This behavior persists over a wide range of disorder and interaction strengths. We discuss the implications of our findings with respect to dynamical phase boundaries based both on exact diagonalization studies and as well as those established by the methods of Ref. 1.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Shear-Strain Controlled High-Harmonic Generation in Graphene
Creators: name: Tamaya, Tomohiro
name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Kato, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method for controlling the high-harmonic generation (HHG) with a high dynamic range in single-layer graphene. We find that, by utilizing shear strain, a significant enhancement or quenching of HHG is possible over a range of several orders of magnitude. This feature is made possible by the resonance mechanism at a van Hove singularity. Therein, the shear strain controls the configurations of the two Dirac cones, resulting in changes in the energy and dipole moment at the saddle point of the band dispersion. Our findings provide a way for modulating or switching light by using a nano-optomechanical device composed of single-layer graphene.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures