cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Commitment-based learning of hidden linguistic structures
Creators: name: Akers, Crystal Gayle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Learners must simultaneously learn a grammar and a lexicon from observed forms, yet some structures that the grammar and lexicon reference are unobservable in the acoustic signal. Moreover, these “hidden” structures interact: the grammar maps an underlying form to a particular interpretation. Learning one structure depends on learning the structures it interacts with, but if the learner commits to one structure, its interactions can be exploited to learn others. The Commitment-Based Learner (CBL) employs this strategy using error-driven learning (Gold 1967, Wexler and Culicover 1980) and inconsistency detection (Tesar 1997) to determine when to make commitments and what kinds of commitments to make.   The CBL overcomes structural ambiguity by extending branches from a hypothesis and committing to a separate structural interpretation in each branch, as in the Inconsistency Detection Learner (Tesar 2004). It resolves lexical ambiguity by making piecewise commitments to feature values, following the Output-Driven Learner (Tesar, to appear).  Each branch has its own lexicon whose values reflect the interactions of underlying forms with the branch’s structural commitments.   In computer simulations, the CBL learns all 97 languages in a constructed typology whose linguistic system includes 370 million grammar and lexicon combinations. For each language learned, the CBL takes far fewer steps than needed to exhaustively search for a consistent and restrictive combination. Employing inconsistency detection with Multi-Recursive Constraint Demotion (Tesar 1997) makes the CBL highly efficient, and it compares favorably in success and efficiency to its major stochastic competitors (Apoussidou 2007, Jarosz 2006, to appear).  The dissertation also introduces a previously unrecognized global lexical ambiguity defined by paradigmatic equality. Paradigmatic equals (PEs) have different grammars, but because their morpheme behaviors are identical, their learning data are equivalent and foil learning by inconsistency detection. To distinguish PEs, the CBL finds consistent mappings derived from words with unset features set to mismatch their surface values. A mapping with an error by the current ranking contributes new ranking information, allowing the learner to derive the hypothesis consistent with the PE that includes the mapping. In the system investigated, there are always two such mappings, each corresponding to a different PE.
The dynamic effect of FDI on the growth of indigenous firms
Creators: name: Huang, Shengsheng
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation disentangles the dynamic impact of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on host country indigenous firms in two respects, namely, the competition effect and technological diffusion effect of FDI, and it addresses the role of heterogeneous technological accumulation among indigenous firms in creating variations in the form of foreign-indigenous interaction. From the perspective of competition and technology diffusion, the dissertation unpacks the varying dynamic nature of FDI in different segments of domestic industry. This dynamic approach provides an explanation for some previously controversial findings in the literature. In making a contribution to the evolutionary theory of the firm, the dissertation also enriches our understanding of continuous corporate technological accumulation in a transitional external environment. The different learning outcomes observed among indigenous firms may reflect their partially inherited dynamic capabilities in managing a transition to a new technological trajectory, and not merely their absorptive capacity as measured by the extent of their prior knowledge overlap with foreign firms.     These arguments are tested in the context of technological capability formation of firms in the Chinese automobile industry - in particular, firms that assemble passenger cars or that produce components for them. Using firm-level longitudinal datasets gathered from various secondary sources that cover the Chinese automaker and major parts and component categories, the dissertation also contributes to the debate about the effect of joint venture policy on indigenous growth by exploring its indirect positive impact.
Stem Cells of Molecularly Diverse ER-Negative Breast Cancers
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The concept that breast cancer develops from cancer stem cells (CSCs) is gaining wider acceptance. Although CSCs comprise only a small fraction of a tumor, they have the capacity to self-renew and produce progeny that can expand or repopulate tumor bulk. In a mouse xenograft model, CSCs are tumorigenic, with as few as 100 CSCs able to reproduce a breast tumor similar to the original. In contrast, the remainder of malignant epithelial cells in a tumor mass are non-tumorigenic, and implanting 20,000 cells will not generate a breast tumor in the mouse model. Therefore, any therapy that kills cancer cells must eliminate the CSCs. Therapy that only kills CSC progeny, but not the CSCs, will shrink the tumor but not eradicate the cancer. It is unknown whether there are distinct types of CSCs that correspond to different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

 We hypothesize that molecularly diverse subtypes of breast cancer, as defined by DNA microarray expression profiling, are derived from molecularly distinct breast cancer stem cells. To address the question, we will study two molecularly diverse and clinically aggressive hormone receptor negative subtypes, basal-like and ERBB2-overexpressing tumors. We will ask whether the cancer stem cell populations from these two very different classes of breast cancers derive from a single estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) cancer stem cell or from different cancer stem cell populations. We will obtain tumor tissue from approximately 30 patients with confirmed hormone receptor negative (ER-/PR-) breast cancers and use DNA microarrays to identify the molecular subtypes of these tumors. CSCs from each of the tumor subtypes will be amplified in a mouse xenograft model and CSCs and non-CSC populations will be separated by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). Limited-dilution assay will be used to confirm the tumorigenicity of CSCs and non-CSCs. The CSC and non-tumorigenic populations will be characterized by microarray analysis, immunohistochemisty, RNA in situ hybridization, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We will use new computational methods to analyze and compare the genetic profiles of the different CSC and non-CSC populations and primary tumor for the basal-like and ERBB2-overexpressing tumor classes.

 The characterization of cancer stem cells from different molecular subtypes of breast cancer has not been accomplished. It is imperative for the development of effective anti-cancer therapy, since the CSCs must be entirely eradicated if a breast cancer is to be cured. Genetic characterization of CSCs will pave the road towards targeted patient-specific treatment and may identify new avenues for chemoprevention, especially for ER- breast cancer, where there is currently no effective strategy.
Measuring Free-Living Ambulation In Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Consumer-Grade Activity Tracker
Creators: name: DasMahapatra, Pronabesh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: digital sensors
wearables
activity tracker
Fitbit
multiple sclerosis

description: Background  Digital sensors are gaining popularity not only for health and wellness, but for remote tracking of key health indicators. Long-term adoption and longitudinal sensor data collection remain challenging. In the general US population, one third of owners of wearable devices discontinue use within 6 months of first use [Endeavour Partners, 2014]. Less is known about the continuation of activity monitoring sensors in patients with chronic medical conditions.  Methods  The present study reviewed the continuation of activity tracking in two cohorts of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients from an online patient research network (www.patientslikeme.com; PLM). First, we considered data from a June 2014 study in which MS patients received activity trackers (Fitbit One) and were engaged for a 3-week pilot study. Second, an additional cohort was derived from non-study MS patients who joined the site and linked their Fitbit brand activity trackers to PLM. With both cohorts, patient tracking data was voluntarily shared through the PLM platform and was enabled through the manufacturer's application program interface (API).  Participant engagement was enhanced through social media support (community moderation, patient support, peer-to-peer forum discussion). Combining these cohorts yielded a database with activity data from MS patients spanning over 2 years.   Results  Two hundred forty-eight (248) patients were recruited for the pilot study of which 82% enabled data sharing and the mean 3-week adherence was 86% (18.2 out of 21 days). Following the pilot study, 23 patients continued to link and provide real time activity data over time (range: 1 month to 24 months). A total of 20 patients contributed activity data for a period spanning 12 months (12 of those contributed activity data for a period spanning 24 months).  An additional 62 MS patients who were not part of the pilot study also synced their Fitbit activity trackers with their PLM profile. A total of 39 non-pilot study patients contributed activity data for a period spanning 12 months (18 of those contributed activity data for a period spanning 24 months). Including both pilot study participants and non-pilot study participants, a total cohort of 59 patients contributed activity data spanning a one-year period; of those, 30 contributed activity data spanning a period of two years. Conclusion  Free-living assessment of ambulation can be challenging due to varying degrees of user continuation. A community engagement model may be a useful framework for long-term data collection.
Products of distinct Whittaker coefficients on the metaplectic group and the Relative Trace Formula
Creators: name: Valverde, Cesar
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: In this thesis we obtain a geometric identity between Relative Trace Formula on the metaplectic group and the general linear group. As a consequence of the spectral analysis, we expect to obtain a relation between products of distinct Whittaker coefficients of a cuspidal automorphic representation on the metaplectic group and a non-split period of a related representation on the general linear group. This would generalize famous work of Kohnen and Waldspurger.
Balancing work and family
Creators: name: Mullins, Lauren Bock
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: This exploratory mixed-methods study uses grounded theory to examine the relationship between family responsibilities discrimination (FRD) and career advancement in the public sector. By employing a primarily qualitative embedded research design, semi-structured interviews and exit surveys were conducted in three New Jersey public schools to study a sample of teachers and similarly situated professional staff to investigate the organizational and individual dimensions of FRD, the discretion used by people with family responsibilities, and perceptions of the emerging legal concept of FRD. This study is the first of its kind to examine FRD, as opposed to gender discrimination, in relation to career advancement of public sector employees, specifically public school professionals. The results of the analysis of the data, consisting of qualitative themes extracted from the interviews and descriptive statistics from the exit surveys, show that FRD causes teachers to use discretion at home and work, that current organizational factors not only fail to mitigate effects of FRD on the work/family balancing act but sometimes contribute to them, that there is a lack of awareness of the legal concept of FRD, and that FRD directly and indirectly impedes career advancement in the school system. Based on these preliminary results, recommendations for future research and action in the field are suggested.
Bogcia Barr 1978
Creators: name: Burke, Alan F.
name: Leavengood, John M.
name: Zolnerowich, Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Bogcia

description: Bogcia Barr, 1978 (Fig. 4 -D)
Type species Bogcia disjuncta Barr, 1978 (original designation)
description: Published as part of Burke, Alan F., Leavengood, John M. & Zolnerowich, Gregory, 2015, A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 4059 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/234970
The impact of Arizona's Senate Bill 1070 on Latino political attitudes and participation
Creators: name: Moreno-Saldivar, Idalia Karina
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: In April of 2010, Arizona passed Senate Bill 1070 (SB 1070), an immigration law that quickly sparked controversy for being considered the country’s toughest immigration bill to date. State legislatures throughout the country promptly began and continue to consider enacting similar bills.  As of January 2012, 36 state legislature have proposed similar legislation, making this anti-immigrant policy a disproportionate burden on Latinos, Mexican Americans, and Mexican immigrants (lawful and unlawful, alike) living in the United States, not exclusive to those residing in Arizona.  This study used a mixed methods design to ask, What was the impact of SB 1070 on Latino political attitudes and participation?  The study used a mixed methods explanatory sequential design that began with a nationally representative quantitative analysis using the Pew Research Center’s Political Survey (Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, 2010), and continued with an analysis of qualitative data collected in the form of in-depth interviews with Latinos residing in Arizona and New York.  This design addressed a deficiency in the participation literature of qualitative methods and purposefully included Latino noncitizens that have generally been excluded from existing analyses in the participation literature.  Findings indicate Latinos across the U.S. experienced and reacted to SB 1070 differently; Latinos along the southern international border in Arizona experienced more “democratic disenchantment” than Latinos in New York.  The study found SB 1070 alerted Latinos of different nationalities (not only those of Mexican descent) and that the Latino population is not politically monolithic.  More importantly, the study found Latino political mobilization in response to SB 1070 was influenced by legal status of the individual and his/her family members, generational cohort, English proficiency, ethnic solidarity, location, and affiliation with community-based organizations.
Bogcia disjuncta Barr 1978
Creators: name: Burke, Alan F.
name: Leavengood, John M.
name: Zolnerowich, Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Bogcia
Bogcia disjuncta

description: Bogcia disjuncta Barr, 1978
Distribution: MEX: JAL, OAX.
References: Barr 1978; Burke 2013; Burke and Zolnerowich 2014c.
description: Published as part of Burke, Alan F., Leavengood, John M. & Zolnerowich, Gregory, 2015, A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 4059 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/234970
The social ties that bind
Creators: name: Diñoso, Portia Mauricio
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The dissertation study, The Social Ties that Bind: How Filipino-American  Communities Leverage Social Capital for Democratic Purpose draws upon literature in  the field of social capital to explore how Filipino communities build social, economic,  and political gains for their communities. Communities that possess a high level of social  capital not only enable their members “to act collectively for achieving diverse common  goals” (Krishna, 2002, p. 9) but it also leads to stronger bonds of trust that further  democratization and counteracts notions that would support a nondemocratic  establishment (Paxton, 2002).    The following research questions frame the dissertation: (1) What unique  characteristics are evident in social capital development?; (2) How does social capital  transition from mere interactions between members to actions that will benefit the  community as a whole?; and (3) Which factors of social capital development might be  useful in conducting similar studies in other immigrant or ethnic communities as well as  in other aspects of American society?    For this study, social capital is defined as “resources embedded in a social  structure that are accessed and/or mobilized in purposive actions” (Lin, 2001a, p. 12; Lin,  2001b, p. 29; Lin, Fu, and Hsung, 2001, p. 58). By studying the Filipino-American  communities in Tallahassee, FL, Jacksonville, FL, and Orlando, FL, a mixed methodology that included case study research, survey research, and in-depth, openended  interviews was employed. Then the frequency distribution of the survey data, the  correlations from the Mokken Scaling Procedure, the results of the OLS regression and  the outcomes of the case study and interviews were analyzed.    Through a mixture of social ties, norms, and trust, it was found that Filipino-  Americans use a combination of expressive and instrumental actions to access and  mobilize social capital resources for democratic purpose. But the degrees of expressive  and instrumental actions utilized to achieve democratic goals result from the levels of  social capital present in each community.    The aim of this research is to help public administrators understand the needs of  citizens, how citizens take part in developing an environment conducive to democratic  participation, and how to improve democratic processes to further civic engagement.
Lost in translation
Creators: name: Little, Frederick Alan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Naturalist, translator, littérateur, and political activist, Minakata Kumagusu, in his many endeavors, offers an intriguing series of parallelisms with patterns of non-linear development and network relationships found in the field of study that was his primary focus: botany, more specifically mycology. In contrast to models of cultural and political development imported from the West during the Meiji Restoration and extended duringthe Showa and Taisho eras, and the strong orientation toward centralized vertical hierarchy that in Japanese culture and governance of that period, Minakata offers an understanding in terms of dispersed non-linear networks. As botanist, folklorist, and environmental activist, Minakata refused engagement with academic and governmental institutions, conducting his life and work in the remote Kii Peninsuala. In doing so, heengaged with a variety of significant horizontal networks: elite aristocraticnetworks, demotic press networks, ascent pan-Asian political networks, domestic folkloric and literary networks, and international intellectual networks. He argued forcefully against the monocultural tendencies of that period, providing an example of the ways in which understandings of ecological and physical cultures and the corollary social, intellectual, and spiritual cultures arising from that base validate cultural and political counter-narratives that might otherwise be seen as subversive and alien by centralized institutions and those beholden to those institutions.
Identifying the best context for CCTV camera deployment
Creators: name: Piza, Eric L.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: CCTV has become a mainstream crime prevention mechanism around the world. Despite the popularity of the technology, evidence of CCTV’s crime prevention capabilities is inconclusive. Little research has attempted to identify factors contributing to this variance. Research designs have been largely one-dimensional in nature with most evaluations exclusively testing CCTV’s deterrence capabilities. Data related to the detection and response to crime has been largely ignored. In addition, units of analysis typically focus on aggregate land usage and fail to capture the unique characteristics of each camera’s surrounding environment. Collectively, these shortcomings have resulted in a lack of “transferrable lessons” that can help identify the ideal context for CCTV.   This dissertation is comprised of two separate analyses of the CCTV system in Newark, NJ. The first measured the influence of a series of independent variables on the effectiveness of CCTV. Viewsheds of individual camera sites, rather than the CCTV system as a whole, were utilized as units of analysis. The variables were grouped into five categories: environmental features (14), camera design (2), line of sight (4), enforcement activity (4), and pre-intervention crime levels (1). A series of regression models tested the influence of the independent variables on six separate crime categories. The analysis generated three main findings. First, high levels of proactive surveillance activity resulting in police enforcement were significantly related to the reduction of most crime types. Secondly, certain environmental features had a criminogenic effect in CCTV areas, with the concentration of specific environs being significantly related to crime increases.  Thirdly, there may be somewhat of a “deterrence threshold” in respect to CCTV, with a certain level of pre-installation crime being necessary for cameras to produce a crime reduction.    These findings influenced the research design of the second analysis, which measured the effect of the overall CCTV system. A Propensity Score Matching technique incorporating pre-intervention crime levels and criminogenic environmental features was utilized to select equivalent control areas. The system-wide analysis found that auto theft was the only crime to have experienced a statistically significant reduction, as well as a diffusion of crime control benefits to the surrounding area. The fact that a large number of cameras in the system produced little-to-no enforcement activity was identified as a contributing factor to the lack of a system-wide reduction of most crime types. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of how police may be able to design CCTV programs in a manner that overcomes traditional barriers to video surveillance, which may maximize their deterrent effect.
Bogcia oaxacae Barr 1978
Creators: name: Burke, Alan F.
name: Leavengood, John M.
name: Zolnerowich, Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Bogcia
Bogcia oaxacae

description: Bogcia oaxacae Barr, 1978
Distribution: MEX: CHIS, GUE, JAL, NAY, OAX, SIN. References: Barr 1978; Burke 2013; Burke and Zolnerowich 2014c.
description: Published as part of Burke, Alan F., Leavengood, John M. & Zolnerowich, Gregory, 2015, A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 4059 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/234970
Intracellular Signaling by PI3K in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The spread of breast cancer to distant sites in the body is the most deadly of the many events in tumor progression. Much is known about specific surface receptors and adhesion events in metastasis, and our understanding of angiogenesis is creating clinical opportunities. However, there is a lack of specific information about the intracellular signaling events that potentially regulate metastasis. Signaling proteins inside the cell are the links between the genetic abnormalities (i.e., expression of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressor genes) that characterize breast cancer and behavior (phenotype) of cancer cells (i.e., whether a certain tumor metastasizes). It may not be possible to correct specific genetic defects through gene therapy or other emerging technologies, but the metastatic phenotype could still be altered by targeting the regulatory factors operating within the cell.

 Our focus is on a specific signaling molecule, called phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), a cell membrane-associated protein which is closely linked to critical growth factor receptors (e.g., Her-2). Our hypothesis is that PI3K connects uncontrolled tumor growth to the cell processes necessary for metastasis. We have developed a unique model system that allows us to study breast cancer metastasis. Using genetically altered breast cancer cell lines (called Met-1/Db-7) that vary in their metastatic potential when implanted into mice, we will determine whether activation of PI3K is critical for metastasis. This project will use a combined genetic, biochemical, and cell biology approach that will allow us to dissect the role of PI3K in metastasis. Our specific goals are to (i) determine whether the difference in metastatic potential of Met-1 and Db-7 is due to alterations in PI3K activation, (ii) determine whether disruption of the PI3K activation pathway affects metastatic and non-metastatic phenotypes in cell culture using either inactive or active mutants of PI3K, and (iii) analyze the metastatic potential of the tumor lines that inducibly express either the active or inactive mutants of PI3K in animals. The payoff is that we can compare the effects of different PI3K mutants on the ability of cancer cells to spread in the body.

 We believe that further study of the pathways that control metastatic progression should facilitate both the identification of diagnostic markers and the development of novel therapeutic compounds that inhibit tumor dissemination.
From jazz messenger to forerunner
Creators: name: Pepper, James E.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Philadelphia bassist Jymie Merritt is known primarily for his work with Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers from 1958 to 1962. This thesis will provide a much- needed biographical overview of Merritt’s career, and by doing so addresses connections to other broader topics in the study of jazz history, including the Philadelphia jazz scene which produced a number of influential hard bop musicians, Merritt’s background as an electric bassist in rhythm and blues bands, and his later role as a leader, including his compositional use of a unique system of chord notation and how it relates to trends in jazz theory.
The effect of remediation and student support programs on the academic outcomes of underprepared college students
Creators: name: Panlilio, Maria Carmen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Access to higher education is no longer enough.  The issue of the achievement gap between Black and Hispanic students on the one hand and White and Asian students on the other do not disappear when these students enter college.  The consequences of this achievement gap are felt most keenly by the Black and Hispanic students in the post-secondary years of education as they are required to complete remediation courses in college before proceeding to take college level coursework that counts towards degree completion.  One of the key reasons for this achievement gap is the higher probability of minority students from disadvantaged backgrounds dropping out of college due to remediation requirements (Attewell, Lavin, Domina, & Levey, 2006; Carroll, 2007; Venezia, Kirst, & Antonio, 2003).  Remedial education is one means by which colleges attempt to help underprepared college students succeed in college-level coursework.   This dissertation is a quantitative analysis of the transition to college and the subsequent academic performance of underprepared college students at a public, four-year, minority-serving institution of higher education. The study examines the effect of remediation and student support programs provided at this institution to assist underprepared students succeed.  The study combines the use of regression discontinuity design and multiple regressions to provide insight on the effect of remediation and student support programs on the academic outcomes of these students.    Data from this study suggest that remediation alone, as it is currently delivered, is not effective in helping improve student outcomes. Student support programs show greater evidence of helping improve the academic outcomes of these students.  Further research on a broader scale is needed as the generalizability of the student sample in this study is limited. Improved measures of academic outcomes are also recommended to better analyze the effect of remediation, support programs and other interventions needed to help underprepared students succeed in college.
Understanding the role of parochial control in a disadvantaged Brooklyn community
Creators: name: Barrow, Christine Sharon
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Brownsville, Brooklyn continues to experience higher rates of single parent headed households, youth poverty, low educational attainment and high unemployment.  The aim of this research is to explore the role and influence of parochial control on youth involved in a community organization in the disadvantaged neighborhood of Brownsville.  According to Hunter (1985) parochial control is based on the interpersonal networks that serve the community including churches, schools, YMCAs, and athletic leagues and local institutions.  This study extends parochial control research by investigating how it operates in a disadvantaged community.  More specifically, how it influences youth to conform and how it operates in comparison to private and public forms of social control.  In depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with young men and women at a community organization in Brownsville, Brooklyn.  For these individuals, parochial control was experienced through various activities at this institution.  The staff members worked with other parochial institutions and political organizations to recruit young men and women who were at risk for anti-social behavior.  The study concluded that attachments to this community organization made it possible for respondents to overcome the difficulties they experienced living in a disadvantaged community.  Results also showed that compared to private and public controls, more respondents reported that parochial control encouraged them to conform.  This dissertation concludes with directions for future research.
Parenting stress in mothers of preschool children recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Shaffer, Cheryl M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Parenting stress is a significant psychological phenomenon when individuals feel difficulty with parental role fulfillment.  Greater parenting stress is expected theoretically and experienced empirically by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).  Theorists postulate maternal parenting stress is influenced by the perception of aberrant child behavior severity, future expectations, perceived availability and utility of social support, and maternal age.  Previous literature has insufficiently addressed the theoretical propositions that correlate these factors to parenting stress in mothers of recently diagnosed young children.  The purpose of this study was to assess parenting stress and possible associated variables in mothers of young children during the first year after an ASD diagnosis.  It was hypothesized that perceived severity of aberrant behavior and maternal age would be positively related to parenting stress.  Parental expectations and social support levels were anticipated to be inversely related to parenting stress in mothers. A convenience sample of 75 biological mothers of children with ASD aged 5 years or less whose diagnoses were made less than 12 months prior to study enrollment was recruited from a national sample.  A demographic questionnaire and 4 paper and pencil instruments were utilized.  Bivariate correlation coefficients and a multiple regression were calculated for the variables under study. A moderate, positive correlation between perceived severity of aberrant behavior and parenting stress was established.  Low negative correlations between evaluations of family support and parenting stress and between future expectations and parenting stress were also found.  Contrary to the hypothesis, a low negative correlation between maternal age and parenting stress was substantiated.  Maternal expectations and perceived severity of aberrant behavior proved most significant, accounting for 32% of total variance in reported levels of parenting stress.
Understanding authoritarian liberal regimes
Creators: name: Rustemova, Assel
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: This project aims to answer two primary research questions. First, why some authoritarian regimes that export commodities decide to conduct advanced liberal industrialization (ALI) in order to create intensive-growth firms that produce internationally competitive finished goods at home? Second, what explains the success of such industrialization patterns? An original analytical framework is developed. It shows that export of commodities facilitates creation of patrimonial capitalism that is based on commodity and bureaucratic rents.     Commodity rents are vulnerable to the Dutch Disease, internal economies of scale and international price and demand fluctuations. Lopsided economic structure is unsustainable, because it losses manufacturing industries and creates budget gaps. Intensive-growth firms are more reliable, because they produce high value-added internationally competitive goods and diversify the export structure offsetting negative trends of commodity production. But these industries require rule of law and competition to survive. Patrimonial capitalism cannot create both requirements. The contradiction between the long-term necessity for ALI and short-term incentives for patrimonial capitalism create a split between the ruler and bureaucracy, because the rulers are interested in ALI to keep the power and stability of the existing regime, whereas bureaucrats are interested in keeping control over rents.     The rulers design implementation paths for ALI, called governing rationales, to discipline bureaucracy into sharing the vision. However, bureaucrats resist and subvert the proposed reforms by developing a) personality cults that transfer responsibility for ALI upon the ruler and shift responsibilities for the specific reforms away from their offices; b) depoliticize significance of economic and political problems in order to keep the impression of progress and compliance with higher regulations; c) subversive patrimonial activities that help affiliated companies to win the best bids, subsidies and contracts.     The hypothesis is that ALI is impossible with bureaucratic resistance, because rulers’ oversight mechanisms cannot cope with the subversive practices. To prove it, a new analytical framework is applied on two countries that rely on mineral rent (Kazakhstan) and cotton rent (Uzbekistan).
Cybercrimes against the electricity infrastructure
Creators: name: Rege, Aunshul
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The US electricity infrastructure uses Industrial Control Systems (ICS) to oversee its operations. These systems are connected online for better efficiency, making them susceptible to cyberattacks. Current research has extensively addressed ICS vulnerabilities that can be exploited by cybercriminals. Vulnerabilities, however, are only one of the many factors influencing offender decision-making in cyberattacks. Furthermore, numerous conceptions of threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences exist, which further complicate ICS security assessments. This exploratory study therefore has two main goals. First, it seeks to compare industry and hacker perceptions on electricity ICS threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences. Second, it seeks to identify a broader set of factors that influence offender decision-making in ICS cyberattacks.     Routine activity and rational choice theories guided this study. Nine preliminary offender decision-making factors were organized to create the PARE RISKS framework: Prevention Measures; Attacks and Alliances; Result; Ease of Access; Response and Recovery; Interconnectedness and Interdependencies; Security Testing, Assessments, and Audits; Knowledge, Skills, Research and Development; and System Weaknesses. A total of 323 participants from both industry and (ethical) hacking communities completed PARE RISKS surveys, which were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests and exploratory factor analysis. Seven interviews were conducted and subjected to a thematic analysis to supplement survey findings.     The hypotheses that guided this research were all confirmed. It was found that hackers and industry experts differed in their perceptions of threats, consequences, system vulnerabilities and prevention measures. Hackers were more likely than industry respondents to believe that cybercriminals accessed hacking forums, exploited internet and email access, and exploited poor password practices. Industry respondents were more likely than hackers to believe that the desired outcomes of cyberattacks included information corruption, inaccurate information processing, and denial/disruption of service.    The PARE RISKS framework was also found to be useful in identifying factors in the pre-attack and attack-in-progress environments that influenced offender decision-making. Hackers and industry respondents believed that cybercriminals engaged in extensive research to select targets; used an assortment of techniques; operated in anonymous, compartmentalized groups; required adequate skills, money, and time; and employed cost-benefit analysis and strategic attack plans both before and during attacks.
The emergence of opposition movements
Creators: name: Stoddard, Judith
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: When do people seeking political change choose to pick up arms and use violent means to bring about change, and under what circumstances do people turn to nonviolent peaceful means? There is a great deal of literature which states that in democracies we will see nonviolent social movements emerge and in autocracies we will see movements for change use violence. This study reviewed 323 cases of major non-state resistance campaigns from 1900 to 2006 and found just the opposite. Two-thirds of the campaigns in democratic countries were violent in nature and more than half of the campaigns in autocratic countries were nonviolent. Some alternative explanations were then explored including the possibility that the choice of whether a movement turns violent or nonviolent may have more to do with the global system and outside influences from other states than with any characteristic of the state itself.
Bostrichoclerus
Creators: name: Burke, Alan F.
name: Leavengood, John M.
name: Zolnerowich, Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Bostrichoclerus

description: Bostrichoclerus Van Dyke, 1938 (Fig. 4 -E)
Type species: Bostrichoclerus bicornis Van Dyke, 1938 (monotypy)
description: Published as part of Burke, Alan F., Leavengood, John M. & Zolnerowich, Gregory, 2015, A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 4059 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/234970
Infectious agents of racial degeneration
Creators: name: Sparks, Lacey
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Nineteenth-century British debates on prostitution and the Contagious Diseases Acts contained racialized rhetoric. In their discussion of white prostitution and the C.D. Acts in the metropole, regulationists and repealers alike utilized disease discourses that indicated not only a moral infection of the prostitutes’ clients, but also racial infection that led to the degeneration of the race.   Regulationists advocated state control over women's bodies, because only state intervention could protect military and civilian men from sinful and diseased women. They believed that prostitution was an unfortunate but necessary social evil to be managed, not eradicated. In gathering support, regulationists relied on misogynistic arguments that questioned the racial superiority of white prostitutes.    Repealers came to the same racialized conclusions from a different perspective and thus saw different solutions. Repealers argued that men owned women's bodies as well as governed the economy, and were thus responsible for what happened to them, including resorting to prostitution. Repealers believed that prostitution was the great social evil and must be eradicated. Anglo-Saxon mens' immoral sexual choices led to prostitution, which victimized women, and thus men’s racial superiority was called into question.   Regulationists made their accusations down the social ladder, a strategy that was par for the course for oppressors controlling the oppressed. Men with every social privilege blaming the inferior race, class, and gender were unsurprising. Repealers, however, inverted that logic and challenged the privileged male regulationists by making their accusations up the social ladder. Whiteness was a social currency that repealers wielded in a subversive way to shape British law in favor of white working class women. By asserting the value of the whiteness of the disenfranchised white groups of women and the working class, repealers gained rights for them by distancing them from the racial Other in an empire built on whiteness. In the British Empire, Anglo-Saxon whiteness served as the currency for social power. By wielding the power of whiteness, repealers transgressed traditional race, class, and gender hierarchies, effected a change in the law, and embarked on a path to establishing further women’s and working class rights in the metropole.
Organ jazz
Creators: name: Schwartz, Radam
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The Hammond Organ jazz scene was prominent in African-American communities from the early 1950s through the 1980s, approximately 75% of the jazz venues in these communities were organ rooms. There is a distinct history of this brand of music, but it omitted from jazz history books and libraries, and jazz performance programs. This thesis examines the unique characteristics and traces the history of  this music, but also probes the reason for its exclusion inboth the performance and musicological branches of academia. Finally, this thesis suggests ways to rectify this situation, including a new theoretical approach to analyzing this music called jazz.
Fast Charging Techniques for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles Application
Creators: name: Love Porwal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as an alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles has accelerated in recent years, driven by environmental concerns and advancements in battery technology. Lithium-ion batteries, the cornerstone of EV energy storage, offer high energy density and long cycle life, making them the preferred choice for modern EVs. However, one of the critical challenges in EV adoption is the extended charging time required to replenish battery energy. Fast charging techniques have emerged as a crucial area of research and development, aiming to reduce charging times without compromising battery performance, lifespan, or safety. This paper explores state-of-the-art fast charging methods for lithium-ion batteries, highlighting innovations in charging protocols, thermal management, and battery material advancements.
Examining effective interventions for deep-end youth in the juvenile justice system
Creators: name: McCann, Ellen Patricia
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: While much is known regarding effective interventions for low-level juvenile delinquency, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding elements that are successful in helping more serious youthful offenders. Life-Course theory provides a basis for various ecological approaches. Program elements utilized for offenders of a less serious nature have been shown effective, many stemming from the ecological approach. This study was intended to assess the effect of taking those interventions proven effective for lower-level offenders and appraise whether they are still effective elements when applied to more serious youth in Juvenile Day Reporting Centers in New Jersey. Intervention performance was assessed, and youth experiencing programs showed no significant differences in odds of reoffending or of violating their parole. Also, there was no difference in community tenure. Some interesting differences were found in offense type selection for youth who recidivated after the test period.
“The path to national suicide”
Creators: name: McNulty, Stephen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: This thesis is driven by a belief that the myriad discourses and mechanisms of control containing U.S. birthright citizenship are fundamentally underwritten by a logic that is constantly attentive to the future. Mindful of this, I will show in this project that a national legal, political, and cultural fixation on reproductivity and children, a mania only exaggerated when concerning migrants, figures citizenship as an educatory and exclusive process, constantly in flux and always precariously held. Futurity, then, serves not only as an analytic tool to explicate citizenship, but an element fundamental to its very contemporary and historical existence. I first seek to chart the rhetorical exploitation of ideologies of gender and childhood and their historical interactions with citizenship‘s cultural, political, and legal discourses that have emerged and re-emerged as successful vehicles to attack and racialize domestic and immigrant populations. Second, I will demonstrate why birthright citizenship, as a coherent linguistic and political container, seems now to hold so much salience as a cultural and political call to arms, productive to, and informed by, formations of gender, race, and nation. To explicate these claims I will trace the historical genealogies seminal to contemporary dominant modes of immigration discourse, and in doing so evince a lineage resulting in the linguistic codification of future-oriented migrant exclusion in the “birth tourist” and “anchor baby.” “Birth tourists” and “anchor babies,” however, do not merely represent benign nomenclatures, but active discursive productions informed by hegemonies of gendered anti-migrant sentiment and perpetuated as dynamic vehicles of continued exclusion. These anxious and precarious futures detailed herein have profound historical affects, producing identities, dividing communities, and shaping lives.