cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New predictions for radiation-driven, steady-state mass-loss and wind-momentum from hot, massive stars II. A grid of O-type stars in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Björklund, R.
name: Sundqvist, J. O.
name: Puls, J.
name: Najarro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable predictions of mass-loss rates are important for massive-star evolution computations. We aim to provide predictions for mass-loss rates and wind-momentum rates of O-type stars, carefully studying the behaviour of these winds as functions of stellar parameters like luminosity and metallicity. We use newly developed steady-state models of radiation-driven winds to compute the global properties of a grid of O-stars. The self-consistent models are calculated by means of an iterative solution to the equation of motion using full NLTE radiative transfer in the co-moving frame to compute the radiative acceleration. In order to study winds in different galactic environments, the grid covers main-sequence stars, giants and supergiants in the Galaxy and both Magellanic Clouds. We find a strong dependence of mass-loss on both luminosity and metallicity. Mean values across the grid are $\dot{M}\sim L_{\ast}^{2.2}$ and $\dot{M}\sim Z_{\ast}^{0.95}$, however we also find a somewhat stronger dependence on metallicity for lower luminosities. Similarly, the mass loss-luminosity relation is somewhat steeper for the SMC than for the Galaxy. In addition, the computed rates are systematically lower (by a factor 2 and more) than those commonly used in stellar-evolution calculations. Overall, our results agree well with observations in the Galaxy that account properly for wind-clumping, with empirical $\dot{M}$ vs. $Z_\ast$ scaling relations, and with observations of O-dwarfs in the SMC. Our results provide simple fit relations for mass-loss rates and wind momenta of massive O-stars stars as functions of luminosity and metallicity, valid in the range $T_{\rm eff} = 28000 - 45000$\,K. Due to the systematically lower $\dot{M}$, our new models suggest that new rates might be needed in evolution simulations of massive stars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 16 pages, 13 figures
Consumer Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food Products in the Developing World
Creators: name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: developing countries
subject: risk
subject: biotechnology
subject: genetically modified foods

description: World-wide consumer response toward food products made from genetically modified ingredients has been largely negative. However, the majority of the previous studies on consumer attitudes towards genetically modified food products were conducted in developed countries in Europe as well as Japan. The small number of studies conducted in developing countries obtained different results from the developed world. This paper considers the motivations for consumer attitudes towards genetically modified foods in developing countries. We conclude that the generally positive perception towards genetically modified foods in developing countries could be the result of a cost-benefit analysis consistent with expected utility theory. Developing countries have more urgent needs in terms of food availability and nutritional content. Additionally, perceived levels of risk may be smaller due to trust in government regulation, positive perceptions of scientific discovery, and positive media influences. This is contrary to the small benefits and high perceived risks found in many developed countries, and hence, the rational for low or non-acceptance of genetically modified foods in those countries.
Summation of Higher Order Effects using the Renormalization Group Equation
Creators: name: Elias, V.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
name: Sherry, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization group (RG) is known to provide information about radiative corrections beyond the order in perturbation theory to which one has calculated explicitly. We first demonstrate the effect of the renormalization scheme used on these higher order effects determined by the RG. Particular attention is payed to the relationship between bare and renormalized quantities. Application of the method of characteristics to the RG equation to determine higher order effects is discussed, and is used to examine the free energy in thermal field theory, the relationship between the bare and renormalized coupling and the effective potential in massless scalar electrodynamics.
Does Excluding Cross-commodity Interactions Matter? Beef and Lamb in Australia
Creators: name: Dent, Siobahn K.
name: Piggott, Roley R.
name: O'Donnell, Christopher J.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Dent, Siobahn K.
name: Piggott, Roley R.
name: O'Donnell, Christopher J.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing margins
subject: beef
subject: lamb
subject: general equilibrium elasticities

description: Australian broadacre agriculture is typified by strong cross-commodity relationships, where sheep and cattle grazing enterprises compete for pasture and both compete with wheat and other crops for land. Further, some commodities produced by multi-product farms are also used in the production of final products that are substitutes in demand, such as beef and lamb. Economic analyses of the beef market, for example, should also include consideration of the market for the related product, lamb. In this paper the effects of exogenous demand and supply shifters on the wholesale-farm price ratio in two closely related industries, beef and lamb, are examined in a Gardner type of model and the effects of excluding consideration of the cross-commodity interactions is measured. Parameter values were chosen based on previous empirical estimates and the judgement of the authors. Due to uncertainty about many of these parameters, a stochastic approach to sensitivity analysis was adopted where an appropriate probability distribution for each of the unknown parameters was chosen and 5,000 values from each of these distributions were drawn to construct estimated frequency distributions of results. It was found that the value for the general equilibrium elasticity of the beef wholesale to farm price ratio with respect to an exogenous demand shift was slightly larger with lamb cross-commodity effects imposed than without. Therefore the inclusion of cross-commodity relationships increases the responsiveness of the beef/cattle price ratio to the demand shift, but only slightly. The results further suggest that the demand and supply cross-price effects are additive rather than counteracting. Therefore incorrectly excluding the cross-commodity effects may result in large errors.
Embedded Large-Scale Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition
Creators: name: Chherawala, Youssouf
name: Dolfing, Hans J. G. A.
name: Dixon, Ryan S.
name: Bellegarda, Jerome R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As handwriting input becomes more prevalent, the large symbol inventory required to support Chinese handwriting recognition poses unique challenges. This paper describes how the Apple deep learning recognition system can accurately handle up to 30,000 Chinese characters while running in real-time across a range of mobile devices. To achieve acceptable accuracy, we paid particular attention to data collection conditions, representativeness of writing styles, and training regimen. We found that, with proper care, even larger inventories are within reach. Our experiments show that accuracy only degrades slowly as the inventory increases, as long as we use training data of sufficient quality and in sufficient quantity.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of A chromosome-level assembly of the cat flea genome uncovers rampant gene duplication and genome size plasticity
Creators: name: Driscoll, Timothy P.
name: Verhoeve, Victoria I.
name: Gillespie, Joseph J.
name: J. Spencer Johnston
name: Guillotte, Mark L.
name: Rennoll-Bankert, Kristen E.
name: M. Sayeedur Rahman
name: Hagen, Darren
name: Elsik, Christine G.
name: Macaluso, Kevin R.
name: Azad, Abdu F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Representative histograms produced by flow cytometry showing the peak positions of the 2C nuclei of Drosophila melanogaster (left) and D. virilis (center) female standards, and individual C. felis females (right) from the sequenced EL strain. (A) A 434 Mb flea. (B) A 553 Mb flea. All peaks have CV 500 nuclei under the statistical gates (red lines spanning the 2C peaks).
Cydnus aterrimus
Creators: name: Heyden, Torsten van der
name: Petrovan, Silviu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cydnidae
Cydnus
Cydnus aterrimus

description: AUKEMA et al. (2006, 2013) and ROCA-CUSACHS et al. (2020) reported
Cydnus aterrimus (Forster, 1771)
(Heteroptera: Cydnidae) for the islands of El Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura and Lanzarote. The species was found on the island of La Gomera, too: On 22-05-2022, a nymph was photographed southwest of Alojera, near the northwestern coast of the island (see here).
description: Published as part of Heyden, Torsten van der & Petrovan, Silviu, 2023, New records of Heteroptera from the Canary Islands (Spain), II, pp. 109-111 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 26 on page 109, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12812254
Poincare Invariance in Multiple D-brane Actions
Creators: name: Brecher, Dominic
name: Koerber, Paul
name: Ling, Henry
name: Van Raamsdonk, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the requirement of Poincare invariance (more specifically invariance under boosts/rotations that mix brane directions with transverse directions) places severe constraints on the form of actions describing multiple D-branes, determining an infinite series of correction terms to the currently known actions. For the case of D0-branes, we argue that up to field redefinitions, there is a unique Lorentz transformation rule for the coordinate matrices consistent with the Poincare algebra. We characterize all independent Poincare invariant structures by describing the leading term of each and providing an implicit construction of a Poincare invariant completion. Our construction employs new matrix-valued Lorentz covariant objects built from the coordinate matrices, which transform simply under the (extremely complicated) Lorentz transformation rule for the matrix coordinates.
description: 40 pages, LaTeX, added references
Additional file 3 of Ectopic expression of miRNA172 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reveals novel function in fruit development through regulation of an AP2 transcription factor
Creators: name: Chung, Mi-Young
name: Nath, Ujjal Kumar
name: Vrebalov, Julia
name: Gapper, Nigel
name: Lee, Je Min
name: Do-Jin Lee
name: Kim, Chang Kil
name: Giovannoni, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3 : Supplementary data 1. Sequences of AP2 family genes and putative miR172 binding sites
Additional file 2 of Local knowledge about sustainable harvesting and availability of wild medicinal plant species in Lemnos island, Greece
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Dimitrios
name: Bebeli, Penelope J.
name: Panitsa, Maria
name: Schunko, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. List of wild medicinal plants and corresponding medicinal applications reported from Lemnos knowledgeable harvesters (n=16).
QUALITY GRADING IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN: THE CASE OF VEGETABLES IN SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES1
Creators: name: Digal, Larry N.
name: Hualda, Luis
name: Digal, Larry N.
name: Hualda, Luis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper examines the role of quality grades or standards in the supply chain. A model is employed which shows that quality grading provides information that lower search cost of buyers. Thus, when such standards are inadequate, information is distorted which results to asymmetric price transmission. The model is applied in the vegetable industry in Southern Philippines using primary and secondary data. A price asymmetry marketing margin model is estimated using secondary data for cabbage and onion. Results show that price transmission is symmetric for cabbage and asymmetric for onion. Asymmetry in price transmission implies that marketing information are not effectively transmitted in the food chain and that establishing quality grades or standards is necessary to improve efficiency in the supply chain.
Coastal Change at Fire Island (Story Map)
Creators: name: Snell, Richard J
name: Lentz, Erika
name: Miselis, Jennifer L
name: Schreppel, Heather A
name: Wilson, Kathleen E
name: Brenner, Owen T
name: Boynton, Betsy
Publisher: name: U.S. Geological Survey
Year: 2019
Subjects: USGS: Fire Island Story Map (New York)

description: Story map for coastal change at Fire Island, New York
Nature of the $Λnn$ $(J^π=1/2^+, I=1)$ and ${\rm ^3_ΛH^*} (J^π=3/2^+, I=0)$ states
Creators: name: Schäfer, M.
name: Bazak, B.
name: Barnea, N.
name: Mareš, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the $Λnn$ and ${\rm ^3_ΛH^*} (J^π=3/2^+,~I=0)$ states is investigated within a pionless effective field theory at leading order, constrained by the low energy $ΛN$ scattering data and hypernuclear 3- and 4-body data. Bound state solutions are obtained using the stochastic variational method, the continuum region is studied by employing two independent methods - the inverse analytic continuation in the coupling constant method and the complex scaling method. Our calculations yield both the $Λnn$ and ${\rm ^3_ΛH^*}$ states unbound. We conclude that the excited state ${\rm ^3_ΛH^*}$ is a virtual state and the $Λnn$ pole located close to the three-body threshold in a complex energy plane could convert to a true resonance with Re$(E)>0$ for some considered $ΛN$ interactions. Finally, the stability of resonance solutions is discussed and limits of the accuracy of performed calculations are assessed.
Explorations of Non-Perturbative JT Gravity and Supergravity
Creators: name: Johnson, Clifford V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some recently proposed definitions of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity and supergravities in terms of combinations of minimal string models are explored, with a focus on physics beyond the perturbative expansion in spacetime topology. While this formally involves solving infinite order non-linear differential equations, it is shown that the physics can be extracted to arbitrarily high accuracy in a simple controlled truncation scheme, using a combination of analytical and numerical methods. The non-perturbative spectral densities are explicitly computed and exhibited. The full spectral form factors, involving crucial non-perturbative contributions from wormhole geometries, are also computed and displayed, showing the non-perturbative details of the characteristic `slope', `dip', `ramp' and `plateau' features. It is emphasized that results of this kind can most likely be readily extracted for other types of JT gravity using the same methods.
description: 23 pages, 35 figures (!), one trumpet and some saxophones; v2: Extra subsections added with more results and techniques for understanding spectral densities, remarkable confirmation (and extension) of a formula of Stanford and Witten, and identification of instanton corrections. New detailed results at smaller hbar included. Improvements to figures; v3: Improved discussion
FeeneyetalAccepted_SupplementaryTables from COVID-19 lockdown highlights impact of recreational activities on the behaviour of coral reef fishes
Creators: name: Feeney, William E.
name: Cowan, Zara-Louise
name: Bertucci, Frédéric
name: Brooker, Rohan M.
name: Siu, Gilles
name: Jossinet, Frédérique
name: Bambridge, Tamatoa
name: Galzin, René
name: Lecchini, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Summaries of harvested and non-harvested fishes in the MPA and nMPA locations.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПЛУНЖЕРНОГО ЛИФТА ПРИ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ ГАЗОВЫХ И ГАЗОКОНДЕНСАТНЫХ СКВАЖИН
Creators: name: Ахмедов, Лазизбек
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Разработаны новые конструкции плунжеров – летающих клапанов (скважинных челноков) из эластомерных материалов, длительное время не подверженных истирающему износу о внутреннюю поверхность труб, разрушению из-за ударов и не разрушающих скважинное оборудование. Такие конструкции можно использовать в газовых скважинах с лифтовыми колоннами любых диаметров.
De/Reconstruction of Vaguely Defined Property Rights within Neo-Classical Discourse, and Cooperative Finance
Creators: name: Gray, Thomas W.
name: Gray, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance

description: This article is about the financial structure and capitalization of agricultural cooperatives. It is not an article directly about agricultural cooperatives and industrialization, merger, strategic alliance, concentration and centralization, and globalization. It is a more modest work about the neoclassical economics discourse of cooperative finance, with particular attention given to the construct “vaguely defined property rights”. The purpose of this article is to deconstruct this term by examining the concrete formative structuring of agricultural cooperatives, as cooperatives were formed in the early first half of the 20th century in the US. (and how this structuring is carried forth in derivative form to the present day). The construct “vaguely defined property rights” is an expression of the organizing rationale of neoclassical economics itself, as this view reaches the concrete limit of historical financial structures of cooperatives, what it can intellectually specify and appropriate, given its individualizing perspective.
Additional file 1 of Ectopic expression of miRNA172 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reveals novel function in fruit development through regulation of an AP2 transcription factor
Creators: name: Chung, Mi-Young
name: Nath, Ujjal Kumar
name: Vrebalov, Julia
name: Gapper, Nigel
name: Lee, Je Min
name: Do-Jin Lee
name: Kim, Chang Kil
name: Giovannoni, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Supplementary Table S1. List of specific primers used in RT-PCR
Topological manipulation of isosurfaces
Creators: name: Carr, Hamish
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, I show how to use the topological information encoded in an abstraction called the contour tree to enable interactive manipulation of individual contour surfaces in an isosurface scene, using an interface called the flexible isosurface. Underpinning this interface are several improvements and extensions to existing work on the contour tree. The first, and most critical, extension, is the path seed: a new method of generating seeds from the contour tree for isosurface extraction. The second extension is to compute geometric information called local spatial measures for contours and store this information in the contour tree. The third extension is to use local spatial measures to simplify both the contour tree and isosurface displays. This simplification can also be used for noise removal. Lastly, this thesis extends work with contour trees from simplicial meshes to arbitrary meshes, interpolants, and tessellation cases.
$\textsf{Xsec}$: the cross-section evaluation code
Creators: name: Buckley, Andy
name: Kvellestad, Anders
name: Raklev, Are
name: Scott, Pat
name: Sparre, Jon Vegard
name: Abeele, Jeriek Van den
name: Vazquez-Holm, Ingrid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of higher-order cross-sections is an important component in the search for new physics, both at hadron colliders and elsewhere. For most new physics processes of interest, total cross-sections are known at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the strong coupling $α_s$, and often beyond, via either higher-order terms at fixed powers of $α_s$, or multi-emission resummation. However, the computation time for such higher-order cross-sections is prohibitively expensive, and precludes efficient evaluation in parameter-space scans beyond two dimensions. Here we describe the software tool $\textsf{xsec}$, which allows for fast evaluation of cross-sections based on the use of machine-learning regression, using distributed Gaussian processes trained on a pre-generated sample of parameter points. This first version of the code provides all NLO Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model strong-production cross-sections at the LHC, for individual flavour final states, evaluated in a fraction of a second. Moreover, it calculates regression errors, as well as estimates of errors from higher-order contributions, from uncertainties in the parton distribution functions, and from the value of $α_s$. While we focus on a specific phenomenological model of supersymmetry, the method readily generalises to any process where it is possible to generate a sufficient training sample.
description: Accepted version
Educational Level and Training of Human Resources in Farm Cooperatives in the Knowledge-Based Society: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Jose Rodriguez
name: Moral, Adoracion Mozas
name: Rodriguez, Jose Rodriguez
name: Moral, Adoracion Mozas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness
Labor and Human Capital

description: This work analyzes the importance of education and training in economic endeavors in the light of the changes brought about by globalization and new technologies. It focuses on the changes that education and training are causing in the organization: specifically in worker profiles and organizational structures. It also justifies the need for education and training in cooperatives because of their particular form of democratic management. An important element in this article is the empirical study, where we analyze the education and training of people involved in olive oil-producing cooperatives in the most important olive oil production area in the world, Jaén, Spain. Prior to our analysis of education and training, we first demonstrate the importance of cooperation in the Spanish olive oil sector. The thesis underlying this work is that the poor level of formal education and the lack of specific training represent a serious obstacle to the business development of these societies. After looking at the central problem of this study, we analyze the formal education of the various groups making up cooperatives (members, elected boards, managers and workers), as well as the specific training (offered by the firm itself or by other bodies), in terms of the number of courses attended or made available to the members. In this article we also pose the following question: are professionalization of the cooperative and education in cooperative values enough to solve the problem of management in cooperatives? Finally, we draw some conclusions from this study.
Women’s Cooperatives in Greece: An On-going Story of Battles, Successes and Problems
Creators: name: Koutsou, Stavriani
name: Iakovidou, Olga
name: Gotsinas, Nicolas
name: Koutsou, Stavriani
name: Iakovidou, Olga
name: Gotsinas, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Women’s cooperatives
subject: Women’s agrotourist cooperatives
subject: Farmwomen
subject: Greece.

description: Women’s cooperatives are the most original type of cooperatives in Greece in terms of planning, organization and management, aimed at increasing their family income and upgrading their social status. In most cases, national or European Union projects financed the cooperatives. The aim of this article is to examine the women’s cooperatives and identify the factors that exhorted farm-women to join them, the effects of such a decision on their lives, as well as the problems they faced during their operation. Forty out of seventy-one cooperatives were examined by means of a structured questionnaire in February 2000. The results indicate that the participation of farm-women in these cooperatives provided them a source of income and gave them independence, power of control and self-esteem. However, efforts must be made in order that their members consider them as enterprises that can operate, survive and develop in a competitive environment.
The Contribution of the Community Cooperatives of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland to the Development of the Social Economy
Creators: name: Gordon, Mike
name: Gordon, Mike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness
Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: The article considers the “pragmatic reform” versus “radical utopia” duality within the social economy and, in that context, evaluates the contribution of the community cooperatives of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland to the development of the modern UK social economy. The assessment is based on recent research, including interviews with representatives of several cooperatives and others involved in the initiative undertaken by the former Highlands and Islands Development Board, or in related activities. The origins of the Scottish social economy lie in the “Highland Problem”, arising from the processes of depopulation of the Highlands and Islands as a result of the clearances, the need for local employment opportunities, the exploitation of Scotland as a British colony, the cultural dimension, and the profound importance of the land question. The initiative has been very successful, on a number of different levels: it created new jobs, services and enterprises; very importantly, it built asset bases and revenue income to underpin development; it changed people’s lives, was genuinely bottom-up, raised consciousness, reinforced the mutual cooperation tradition of the area, and inspired people elsewhere to do similar things. It can claim a degree of radicalism and the achievement of some significant social change.
Spin-Weyl quantum unit: theoretical proposal
Creators: name: Chen, Yuguang
name: Nazarov, Yuli V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a four-state quantum system, or quantum unit, that can be realized in superconducting hetero-structures. The unit combines the states of a spin and an Andreev qubit providing the opportunity of quantum superpositions of their states. This functionality is achieved by tunnel coupling between a 4-terminal superconducting heterostucture housing a Weyl point, and a quantum dot. The quantum states in the vicinity of the Weyl point are extremely sensitive to small changes of superconducting phase, this gives reach opportunities for quantum manipulation. We establish an effective Hamiltonian for the setup and describe the peculiarities of the resulting spectrum. We concentrate on the 4-state subspace and explain how to make a double qubit in this setup. We review various ways to achieve quantum manipulation in the unit, this includes resonant, adiabatic, diabatic manipulation and combinations of those. We provide detailed illustrations of designing arbitrary quantum gates in the unit.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
FeeneyetalAccepted_RMarkdown from COVID-19 lockdown highlights impact of recreational activities on the behaviour of coral reef fishes
Creators: name: Feeney, William E.
name: Cowan, Zara-Louise
name: Bertucci, Frédéric
name: Brooker, Rohan M.
name: Siu, Gilles
name: Jossinet, Frédérique
name: Bambridge, Tamatoa
name: Galzin, René
name: Lecchini, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: R Markdown containing all analysis within the manuscript.
The Three Hundred Project: the stellar and gas profiles
Creators: name: Li, Qingyang
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Rasia, Elena
name: Dave, Romeel
name: De Petris, Marco
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Peacock, John A.
name: Pearce, Frazer
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the catalogues of galaxy clusters from The Three Hundred project, modelled with both hydrodynamic simulations, (Gadget-X and Gadget-MUSIC), and semi-analytic models (SAMs), we study the scatter and self-similarity of the profiles and distributions of the baryonic components of the clusters: the stellar and gas mass, metallicity, the stellar age, gas temperature, and the (specific) star formation rate. Through comparisons with observational results, we find that the shape and the scatter of the gas density profiles matches well the observed trends including the reduced scatter at large radii which is a signature of self-similarity suggested in previous studies. One of our simulated sets, Gadget-X, reproduces well the shape of the observed temperature profile, while Gadget-MUSIC has a higher and flatter profile in the cluster centre and a lower and steeper profile at large radii. The gas metallicity profiles from both simulation sets, despite following the observed trend, have a relatively lower normalisation. The cumulative stellar density profiles from SAMs are in better agreement with the observed result than both hydrodynamic simulations which show relatively higher profiles. The scatter in these physical profiles, especially in the cluster centre region, shows a dependence on the cluster dynamical state and on the cool-core/non-cool-core dichotomy. The stellar age, metallicity and (s)SFR show very large scatter, which are then presented in 2D maps. We also do not find any clear radial dependence of these properties. However, the brightest central galaxies have distinguishable features compared to the properties of the satellite galaxies.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures
A TWO-STEP ESTIMATOR FOR A SPATIAL LAG MODEL OF COUNTS: THEORY, SMALL SAMPLE PERFORMANCE AND AN APPLICATION
Creators: name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Brown, Jason P.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Brown, Jason P.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: count model
subject: location choice
subject: manufacturing
subject: Poisson
subject: spatial econometrics

description: Several spatial econometric approaches are available to model spatially correlated disturbances in count models, but there are at present no structurally consistent count models incorporating spatial lag autocorrelation. A two-step, limited information maximum likelihood estimator is proposed to fill this gap. The estimator is developed assuming a Poisson distribution, but can be extended to other count distributions. The small sample properties of the estimator are evaluated with Monte Carlo experiments. Simulation results suggest that the spatial lag count estimator achieves gains in terms of bias over the aspatial version as spatial lag autocorrelation and sample size increase. An empirical example deals with the location choice of single-unit start-up firms in the manufacturing industry in the US between 2000 and 2004. The empirical results suggest that in the dynamic process of firm formation, counties dominated by firms exhibiting (internal) increasing returns to scale are at a relative disadvantage even if localization economies are present.
The ultraspherical spectral element method
Creators: name: Fortunato, Daniel
name: Hale, Nicholas
name: Townsend, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N35, 65N55, 65M60

description: We introduce a novel spectral element method based on the ultraspherical spectral method and the hierarchical Poincaré-Steklov scheme for solving second-order linear partial differential equations on polygonal domains with unstructured quadrilateral or triangular meshes. Properties of the ultraspherical spectral method lead to almost banded linear systems, allowing the element method to be competitive in the high-polynomial regime ($p > 5$). The hierarchical Poincaré-Steklov scheme enables precomputed solution operators to be reused, allowing for fast elliptic solves in implicit and semi-implicit time-steppers. The resulting spectral element method achieves an overall computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}(p^4/h^3)$ for mesh size $h$ and polynomial order $p$, enabling $hp$-adaptivity to be efficiently performed. We develop an open-source software system, ultraSEM, for flexible, user-friendly spectral element computations in MATLAB.
Variance Risk Premiums and Predictive Power of Alternative Forward Variances in the Corn Market
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiguang
name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Qasmi, Bashir A.
name: Wang, Zhiguang
name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Qasmi, Bashir A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Variance Risk Premium
subject: Variance Swap
subject: Model-free Variance
subject: Implied Variance
subject: Realized Variance
subject: Corn VIX

description: We propose a fear index for corn using the variance swap rate synthesized from out-of-the-money call and put options as a measure of implied variance. Previous studies estimate implied variance based on Black (1976) model or forecast variance using the GARCH models. Our implied variance approach, based on variance swap rate, is model independent. We compute the daily 60-day variance risk premiums based on the difference between the realized variance and implied variance for the period from 1987 to 2009. We find negative and time-varying variance risk premiums in the corn market. Our results contrast with Egelkraut, Garcia, and Sherrick (2007), but are in line with the findings of Simon (2002). We conclude that our synthesized implied variance contains superior information about future realized variance relative to the implied variance estimates based on the Black (1976) model and the variance forecasted using the GARCH(1,1) model.
Rapid generation of fully relativistic extreme-mass-ratio-inspiral waveform templates for LISA data analysis
Creators: name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
name: Katz, Michael L.
name: Warburton, Niels
name: Hughes, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The future space mission LISA will observe a wealth of gravitational-wave sources at millihertz frequencies. Of these, the extreme-mass-ratio inspirals of compact objects into massive black holes are the only sources that combine the challenges of strong-field complexity with that of long-lived signals. Such signals are found and characterized by comparing them against a large number of accurate waveform templates during data analysis, but the rapid generation of such templates is hindered by computing the $\sim10^3$-$10^5$ harmonic modes in a fully relativistic waveform. We use order-reduction and deep-learning techniques to derive a global fit for these modes, and implement it in a complete waveform framework with hardware acceleration. Our high-fidelity waveforms can be generated in under $1\,\mathrm{s}$, and achieve a mismatch of $\lesssim 5\times 10^{-4}$ against reference waveforms that take $\gtrsim 10^4$ times longer. This marks the first time that analysis-length waveforms with full harmonic content can be produced on timescales useful for direct implementation in LISA analysis algorithms.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Comparing static, adaptable, and adaptive menus
Creators: name: Findlater, Leah K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Software applications continue to grow in terms of the number of features they offer, making personalization increasingly important. Research has shown that most users prefer the control afforded by an adaptable approach to personalization rather than a system-controlled adaptive approach. Both types of approaches offer advantages and disadvantages. No study, however, has compared the efficiency of the two approaches. In two controlled lab studies, we measured the efficiency of static, adaptive and adaptable interfaces in the context of pull-down menus. These menu conditions were implemented as a split menus, in which the top four items remained static, were adaptable by the subject, or adapted according to the subject's frequently and recently used items. The results of Study 1 showed that a static split menu was significantly faster than an adaptive split menu. Also, when the adaptable split menu was not the first condition presented to subjects, it was significantly faster than the adaptive split menu, and not significantly different from the static split menu. The majority of users preferred the adaptable menu overall. Several implications for personalizing user interfaces based on these results are discussed. One question which arose after Study 1 was whether prior exposure to the menus and task has an effect on the efficiency of the adaptable menus. A second study was designed to follow-up on the theory that prior exposure to different types of menu layouts influences a user's willingness to customize. Though the observed power of this study was low and no statistically significant effect of type of exposure was found, a possible trend arose: that exposure to an adaptive interface may have a positive impact on the user's willingness to customize. This and other secondary results are discussed, along with several areas for future work. The research presented in this thesis should be seen as an initial step towards a more thorough comparison of adaptive and adaptable interfaces, and should provide motivation for further development of adaptable interaction techniques.
The strength of the radial-breathing mode in single-walled carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Machon, M.
name: Reich, S.
name: Telg, H.
name: Maultzsch, J.
name: Ordejon, P.
name: Thomsen, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show by ab initio calculations that the electron-phonon coupling matrix element M of the radial breathing mode in single-walled carbon nanotubes depends strongly on tube chirality. For nanotubes of the same diameter the coupling strength |M|^2 is up to one order of magnitude stronger for zig-zag than for armchair tubes. For (n,m) tubes M depends on the value of (n-m) mod 3, which allows to discriminate semiconducting nano tubes with similar diameter by their Raman scattering intensity. We show measured resonance Raman profiles of the radial breathing mode which support our theoretical predictions.
Additional file 1 of Local knowledge about sustainable harvesting and availability of wild medicinal plant species in Lemnos island, Greece
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Dimitrios
name: Bebeli, Penelope J.
name: Panitsa, Maria
name: Schunko, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide
On the thermal behaviour of small iron grains
Creators: name: Fischera, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of small spherical iron grains are derived using a Kramers-Kronig-consistent model of the dielectric function including its dependence on temperature and size. Especially discussed is the effect of the size dependence, which results from the limitation of the free path of the free electrons in the metal by the size of the grain, on the absorption behaviour of small iron spheres and spheroids. The estimated absorption properties are applied to study the temperature behaviour of spherical and spheroidal grains which are heated by the interstellar radiation field.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures
Precision Cosmology
Creators: name: Primack, Joel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The good agreement between large-scale observations and the predictions of the now-standard $Λ$CDM theory gives us hope that this will become a lasting foundation for cosmology. After briefly reviewing the current status of the key cosmological parameters, I summarize several of the main areas of possible disagreement between theory and observation: big bang nucleosynthesis, galaxy centers, dark matter substructure, and angular momentum, updating my earlier reviews [1]. The issues in all of these are sufficiently complicated that it is not yet clear how serious they are, but there is at least some reason to think that the problems will be resolved through a deeper understanding of the complicated astrophysics involved in such processes as gas cooling, star formation, and feedback from supernovae and AGN. Meanwhile, searches for dark matter are dramatically improving in sensitivity, and gamma rays from dark matter annihilation at the galactic center may have been detected by H.E.S.S.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, for Proceedings of 6th UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter in the Universe, Marina del Rey, February 2004
A Progressive Approach to Scalar Field Topology
Creators: name: Vidal, Jules
name: Guillou, Pierre
name: Tierny, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces progressive algorithms for the topological analysis of scalar data. Our approach is based on a hierarchical representation of the input data and the fast identification of topologically invariant vertices, which are vertices that have no impact on the topological description of the data and for which we show that no computation is required as they are introduced in the hierarchy. This enables the definition of efficient coarse-to-fine topological algorithms, which leverage fast update mechanisms for ordinary vertices and avoid computation for the topologically invariant ones. We demonstrate our approach with two examples of topological algorithms (critical point extraction and persistence diagram computation), which generate interpretable outputs upon interruption requests and which progressively refine them otherwise. Experiments on real-life datasets illustrate that our progressive strategy, in addition to the continuous visual feedback it provides, even improves run time performance with regard to non-progressive algorithms and we describe further accelerations with shared-memory parallelism. We illustrate the utility of our approach in batch-mode and interactive setups, where it respectively enables the control of the execution time of complete topological pipelines as well as previews of the topological features found in a dataset, with progressive updates delivered within interactive times.
description: Accepted to IEEE TVCG on February 17th, 2021
Stationary spacetimes and the Simon tensor
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Jantzen, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For stationary vacuum spacetimes the Bianchi identities of the second kind equate the Simon tensor to the Simon-Mars tensor, the latter having a clear geometrical interpretation. The equivalence of these two tensors is broken in the nonvacuum case by additional source energy-momentum terms, but absorbing these source terms into a redefinition of the Simon tensor restores the equality. Explicit examples are discussed for electrovacuum and rigidly rotating matter fields.
description: To appear on the Proceedings of the International Conference in Honor of Y. Choquet-Bruhat, "Analysis, Manifolds, and Geometric Structures in Physics" Hotel Cala di Mola Porto Azzurro - Isola d'Elba June 24th-26th, 2004
Sketch-based instancing of parameterized 3D models
Creators: name: Xiao, Dan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We present a system for constructing 3D models from simple hand-drawn sketches. The system exploits a priori knowledge about the type of object being sketched. In particular, we assume that the class of object being drawn is known, (e.g., a rocket ship) and that the object will be drawn using a fixed number of known components. By using these assumptions, we show that we can build a sketch-based modeling system that, while object specific, is capable of quickly creating geometric models that are beyond the scope of current sketch-based modeling approaches. Key to our approach is the use of a K-means classifier for labeling each drawn stroke as being a particular component in the generic model. We demonstrate our approach by applying this classifier to face and rocket sketches.
Carbon-doped high mobility two-dimensional hole gases on (110) faced GaAs
Creators: name: Schmult, S.
name: Gerl, C.
name: Wurstbauer, U.
name: Mitzkus, C.
name: Wegscheider, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon-doped high mobility two-dimensional hole gases grown on (110) oriented GaAs substrates have been grown with hole mobilities exceeding 10^6 cm^2/Vs in single heterojunction GaAs/AlGaAs structures. At these high mobilities, a pronounced mobility anisotropy has been observed. Rashba induced spin-splitting in these asymmetric structures has been found to be independent on the transport direction.