cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An alternative modelling technique for the reduction of error in decision support spreadsheets
Creators: name: Thorne, Simon
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Data management and data science not elsewhere classified

description: Spreadsheet applications are currently the most prevalent end user tool in organisations across the world. Surveys on spreadsheet use show spreadsheets are used as decision making tools in a range of organisations from credit liability assessment in the business world to patient cardiovascular-anaesthesia risk in the medical community. However, there is strong evidence to suggest a significant proportion of spreadsheets contain errors that affect the validity of their operation and results. In addition most end users receive no relevant information systems training and consequently have no concept of creating reliable software. This can result in poorly designed untested spreadsheets that are potentially full of errors. This thesis presents an alternative novel modelling technique to decision support spreadsheets. The novel technique uses attribute classifications (user defined examples) to create a model of a problem. This technique is coined "Example Driven Modelling" (EDM). Through experimentation, the relative benefits and useful limits of EDM are explored and established. The practical application of EDM to real world spreadsheets demonstrates how EDM outperforms equivalent spreadsheet models in a medical decision making spreadsheet used to determine the anaesthesia risk of a patient undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
Complete families of smooth space curves and strong semistability
Creators: name: Benoist, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H50, 14C05, 14H60, 13A35, 13D40

description: We construct the first non-trivial examples of complete families of non-degenerate smooth space curves, and show that the base of such a family cannot be a rational curve. Both results rely on the study of the strong semistability of certain vector bundles.
description: 16 pages, final version
title: Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 20, Nr. 3 (1991), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
PriorVAE: Encoding spatial priors with VAEs for small-area estimation
Creators: name: Semenova, Elizaveta
name: Xu, Yidan
name: Howes, Adam
name: Rashid, Theo
name: Bhatt, Samir
name: Mishra, Swapnil
name: Flaxman, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gaussian processes (GPs), implemented through multivariate Gaussian distributions for a finite collection of data, are the most popular approach in small-area spatial statistical modelling. In this context they are used to encode correlation structures over space and can generalise well in interpolation tasks. Despite their flexibility, off-the-shelf GPs present serious computational challenges which limit their scalability and practical usefulness in applied settings. Here, we propose a novel, deep generative modelling approach to tackle this challenge, termed PriorVAE: for a particular spatial setting, we approximate a class of GP priors through prior sampling and subsequent fitting of a variational autoencoder (VAE). Given a trained VAE, the resultant decoder allows spatial inference to become incredibly efficient due to the low dimensional, independently distributed latent Gaussian space representation of the VAE. Once trained, inference using the VAE decoder replaces the GP within a Bayesian sampling framework. This approach provides tractable and easy-to-implement means of approximately encoding spatial priors and facilitates efficient statistical inference. We demonstrate the utility of our VAE two stage approach on Bayesian, small-area estimation tasks.
Equivariant, string and leading order characteristic classes associated to fibrations
Creators: name: Larrain-Hubach, Andres
name: Maeda, Yoshiaki
name: Rosenberg, Steven
name: Torres-Ardila, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct equivariant, string and leading order characteristic classes and Chern-Simons classes for certain infinite rank bundles associated to fibrations occurring in loop spaces, Gromov-Witten theory and gauge theory. Results include a restatement of the S^1 index theorem using equivariant classes on the tangent bundle to loop space; the expression of some GW invariants in terms of string and leading order classes for infinite rank bundles over moduli spaces of pseudoholomorphic curves for semipositive symplectic manifolds; the identification of the real cohomology of a loop group with certain string and leading order classes; the identification of Donaldson's nu-class for 4-manifolds with a leading order class for the fibration of irreducible connections A over the quotient A/G by the gauge group.
description: An error in Section 3 invalidates the main result in this section. The error is discussed in T. McCauley, "S^1-Equivariant Chern-Weil Constructions on Loop Spaces," arXiv:1507.08626
title: "Mörikes Kegelbahn" ; Quellennachweis für die Abbildungen
Creators: name: Kraume-Probst, Sabine
name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 20, Nr. 4 (1991), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Water waves generated by moving atmospheric pressure: Theoretical analyses with applications to the 2022 Tonga event
Creators: name: Liu, Philip L. -F.
name: Higuera, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both 1DH (dispersive and non-dispersive) and 2DH axisymmetric (approximate, non-dispersive) analytical solutions are derived for water waves generated by moving atmospheric pressures. In 1DH, three wave components can be identified: the locked wave propagating with the speed of the atmospheric pressure, $C_p$, and two free wave components propagating in opposite directions with the respective wave celerity, according to the linear frequency dispersion relationship. Under the supercritical condition ($C_p > C$, which is the fastest celerity of the water wave) the leading water wave is the locked wave and has the same sign (i.e., phase) as the atmospheric pressure, while the trailing free wave has the opposite sign. Under the subcritical condition ($C >C_p$) the fastest moving free wave component leads and its free surface elevation has the same sign as the atmospheric pressure. For a long atmospheric pressure disturbance, the induced free surface profile mimics that of the atmospheric pressure. The 2DH problem involves an axisymmetric atmospheric pressure decaying in the radial direction as $O(r^{-1/2})$. Only two wave components, locked and free, appear due to symmetry. The tsunami DART data captured during Tonga's volcanic eruption event is analyzed. Corrections are necessary to isolate the free surface elevation data. Comparisons between the corrected DART data and the analytical solutions, including the arrival times of the leading locked waves and the trailing free waves, and the amplitude ratios, are in agreement in order-of-magnitude. The differences between them highlight the complexity of problems.
Attitudes towards training within the hospitality industry in southeast Wales
Creators: name: Moore, Stephen
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Food and hospitality services

description: Training within the hospitality industry is a widely-debated issue with differentstakeholders having differing views depending on their background and representationin the debate. This industry is therefore no different to other industries in the opinionsthat predominate. What is clear however is that the hospitality industry in the UK iscurrently suffering from an acute skills shortage. This study is concerned with analysingthe attitudes of some of these key stakeholders towards the types of training that areemployed in hospitality, and whether these approaches are suitable as trainingparadigms. The study focuses specifically on attitudes in Southeast Wales amongstemployers, educators and training providers using a case-study methodology. Theresearch was undertaken in three phases.The first two phases of the study were concerned with assessing the attitudes of theemployers. In phase 1 local employers were initially questioned using a focus-groupapproach. The results informed phase 2 which involved a series of individual interviewswith employers from a range of hospitality sectors (including hotels, restaurants, fast-food outlets, public houses, motorway service stations, and catering services outlets)across Southeast Wales. A typology of the vocational training models used in thedifferent sectors, with clear identification of the perceived effectiveness andacceptability of these models to the different employer groups, was developed. Theresearch findings from phase I and phase 2 were also developed into a pictogram whichrepresents the key features influencing training within SMEs and larger hospitalitycompanies.A recurring theme during the first two phases was the contrasting employer attitudestowards NVQs as a suitable training model. Phase 3 of the research explored theseattitudes further by involving other stakeholders involved in NVQ delivery - theeducators and training providers - as well as assessing whether attitudes in SoutheastWales are different to, or representative of, a larger geographical area. A series ofindividual interviews were therefore conducted with educators and training providers inSoutheast Wales, the rest of 'Wales, and England. The results indicated that attitudes donot differ based on location, but instead several key themes were identified that werecommon to the participants.Phase 3 of the research also involved a quantitative approach to explore these themesmore fully using a larger sample size. An e-questionnaire was sent to representativefurther education lecturers, higher education lecturers, and training providers acrossWales and England. The results concluded that there are perceived strengths with theNVQ model, but that the weaknesses are significant and many respondents wouldwelcome the introduction of an alternative training model. The study concludes byproposing an alternative model and making recommendations for future developmentsin hospitality skills training.
title: Die Dienststellen des Landesdenkmalamtes
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 20, Nr. 4 (1991), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 1 (1993), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Quasi-periodic oscillations in superfluid magnetars
Creators: name: Passamonti, A.
name: Lander, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time-evolution of axisymmetric oscillations of superfluid magnetars with a poloidal magnetic field and an elastic crust, working in Newtonian gravity. Extending earlier models, we study the effects of composition gradients and entrainment on the magneto-elastic wave spectrum and on the potential identification of the observed quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs). We use two-fluid polytropic equations of state to construct our stellar models, which mimic realistic composition gradient configurations. The basic features of the axial axisymmetric spectrum of normal fluid stars are reproduced by our results and in addition we find several magneto-elastic waves with a mixed character. In the core, these oscillations mimic the shear mode pattern of the crust as a result of the strong dynamical coupling between these two regions. Incorporating the most recent entrainment configurations in our models, we find that they have a double effect on the spectrum: the magnetic oscillations of the core have a frequency enhancement, while the mixed magneto-elastic waves originating in the crust are moved towards the frequencies of the single-fluid case. The distribution of lower-frequency magneto-elastic oscillations for our models is qualitatively similar to the observed magnetar QPOs with $ν< 155 $Hz. \emph{In particular, some of these QPOs could represent mixed magneto-elastic oscillations with frequencies not greatly different from the crustal modes of an unmagnetised star.} We find that many QPOs could even be accounted for using a model with a relatively weak polar field of $B_{p} \simeq 3\cdot 10^{14}$G, because of the superfluid enhancement of magnetic oscillations. Finally, we discuss the possible identification of 625 and 1837~Hz QPOs either with non-axisymmetric modes or with high-frequency axisymmetric QPOs excited by crustal mode overtones.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Minor edits to match published version
Optical follow-up of the tick-tock massive black hole binary candidate
Creators: name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Bonetti, Matteo
name: Rigamonti, Fabio
name: Bortolas, Elisa
name: Fossati, Matteo
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Covino, Stefano
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Franchini, Alessia
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Calderone, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of a population of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is key for our complete understanding of galaxy mergers and for the characterization of the expected gravitational waves (GWs) signal. However, MBHBs still remain elusive with only a few candidates proposed to date. Among these, SDSSJ143016.05+230344.4 ('tick-tock' hereafter) is the only candidate with a remarkably well sampled light curve showing a clear reduction of the modulation period and amplitude over three years of observations. This particular feature has been recently claimed to be the signature of a MBHB that is about to merge. In this paper, we provide an optical follow-up of the tick-tock source using the Rapid Eye Mount (REM) telescope. The decreasing luminosity observed in our follow up is hardly explained within the binary scenario. We speculate about an alternative scenario that might explain the observed light curve through relativistic Lense-Thirring precession of an accretion disc around a single massive black hole.
description: 9 pages, 2 figure, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Same universality class for the critical behavior in and out of equilibrium in a quenched random field
Creators: name: Balog, Ivan
name: Tissier, Matthieu
name: Tarjus, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random-field Ising model (RFIM) is one of the simplest statistical-mechanical models that captures the anomalous irreversible collective response seen in a wide range of physical, biological, or socio-economic situations in the presence of interactions and intrinsic heterogeneity or disorder. When slowly driven at zero temperature it can display an out-of-equilibrium phase transition associated with critical scaling ("crackling noise"), while it undergoes at equilibrium, under either temperature or disorder-strength changes, a thermodynamic phase transition. We show that the out-of-equilibrium and equilibrium critical behaviors are in the same universality class: they are controlled, in the renormalization-group (RG) sense, by the same zero-temperature fixed point. We do so by combining a field-theoretical formalism that accounts for the multiple metastable states and the exact (functional) RG. As a spin-off, we also demonstrate that critical fluids in disordered porous media are in the same universality class as the RFIM, thereby unifying a broad spectrum of equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium phenomena.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; The calculation contains an error and the conclusion should be modified: see cond-mat/1710.04032 (or Phys Rev B 97, 094204 (2018)) for details and correction
Late time cosmic acceleration: ABCD of dark energy and modified theories of gravity
Creators: name: Sami, M.
name: Myrzakulov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the problems and prospects of the standard lore of dark energy and notice that the cosmological constant problems are often over emphasized. In order to keep the discussion pedagogical aimed at a wider audience, we have avoided technical complications in several places and resorted to heuristic arguments based on physical perceptions. We presented underlying ideas of modified theories based upon chameleon mechanism and Vainshtein screening. We have given a lucid illustration of recently investigated ghost free non linear massive gravity. Again we have sacrificed rigor and confined to the basic ideas that led to the formulation of $dRGT$. The review ends with a brief discussion on the difficulties of the theory applied to cosmology with an optimism that a consistent solution of the problem is round the corner.
description: 35 pages and 10 figures. corrected version
title: Die archäologische Landesaufnahme als Aufgabe der Archäologischen Denkmalpflege
Creators: name: Fingerlin, Gerhard
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 1 (1993), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
The contrasting magnetic fields of superconducting pulsars and magnetars
Creators: name: Lander, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study equilibrium magnetic field configurations in a neutron star (NS) whose core has type-II superconducting protons. Unlike the equations for normal matter, which feature no special field strength, those for superconductors contain the lower critical field, of order $10^{15}$ G. We find that the ratio of this critical field to the smooth-averaged stellar field at the crust-core boundary is the key feature dictating the field geometry. Our results suggest that pulsar and magnetar-strength fields have notably different configurations. Field decay for NSs with $B_\textrm{pole}\sim 10^{14}$ G could thus result in substantial internal rearrangements, pushing the toroidal field component out of the core; this may be related to observed magnetar activity. In addition, we calculate the magnetically-induced ellipticities of our models.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Minor changes to match published version
PIM-Enclave: Bringing Confidential Computation Inside Memory
Creators: name: Duy, Kha Dinh
name: Lee, Hojoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Demand for data-intensive workloads and confidential computing are the prominent research directions shaping the future of cloud computing. Computer architectures are evolving to accommodate the computing of large data better. Protecting the computation of sensitive data is also an imperative yet challenging objective; processor-supported secure enclaves serve as the key element in confidential computing in the cloud. However, side-channel attacks are threatening their security boundaries. The current processor architectures consume a considerable portion of its cycles in moving data. Near data computation is a promising approach that minimizes redundant data movement by placing computation inside storage. In this paper, we present a novel design for Processing-In-Memory (PIM) as a data-intensive workload accelerator for confidential computing. Based on our observation that moving computation closer to memory can achieve efficiency of computation and confidentiality of the processed information simultaneously, we study the advantages of confidential computing \emph{inside} memory. We then explain our security model and programming model developed for PIM-based computation offloading. We construct our findings into a software-hardware co-design, which we call PIM-Enclave. Our design illustrates the advantages of PIM-based confidential computing acceleration. Our evaluation shows PIM-Enclave can provide a side-channel resistant secure computation offloading and run data-intensive applications with negligible performance overhead compared to baseline PIM model.
Green tourism planning: Triple bottom line sustainability - rhetoric or reality. A case study of the Bluestone development
Creators: name: Elgammal, lslam
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tourism management

description: Triple Bottom Line Sustainability (TBLS), i.e. the balancing of economic, social andenvironmental agendas, is being increasingly used as a framework for sustainabletourism development, especially in rural areas. However, the conflicting priorities ofdifferent stakeholders and the different emphases of governmental policies pose majorchallenges to its achievement. This thesis presents a case study demonstrating issuesof stakeholder empowerment in relation to TBLS in relation to the Bluestonedevelopment in west Wales - a major holiday village is aiming to create a leading UKshort-break destination and to deliver sustainable tourism. A major problem relatesto half of the development being inside the National Park with the other half outside theNational Park. Accordingly, two planning authorities were involved in granting planningpermission to the development. The case for Bluestone emphasised the provision of 600jobs - a promise which achieved a significant contribution (f 16.5M)from the public pursebefore planning permission for building inside the National Park was granted. Thisthesis explores the issue of stakeholder empowerment as illustrated through theBluestone case study which involves a range of stakeholders (the developers, local andnational government, the community, lobby groups). The research used stakeholderanalysis and a Venn diagram of TBL to identify the various stakeholders'approaches and foci on different aspects of the TBL. Discourse Analysis (DA) was usedand the case study was developed using document analysis, in-depth convergent andsemi-structured interviews, archival records, direct observation to collect data about thepriorities of different stakeholders in relation to this development. The thesis concludesthat TBLS is rhetoric not reality and can only be considered a guiding fiction. Whenforced to select between the different aspects of the TBL, this case study demonstratesthat it is the economy not the social and environmental agendas that win.
title: Kolloquium "Archäologie und Raubgräberei"
Creators: name: Planck, Dieter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 3 (1993), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
The role of surfactant phospholipids in the modulation of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α production by monocytes
Creators: name: Morris, Keith
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour immunology

description: The release of the cytokine Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) by alveolar macrophages, is central to the inflammatory response within the lung. The Alveolar macrophage is derived from peripheral blood monocytes. This study investigated how pulmonary surfactant (composed of approximately 90% phospholipids and lipids and 10% surfactant proteins) modulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced production of TNF-α in the human monocytic cell line MonoMac-6 (MM6). The artificial surfactants Curosurf™, Survantar™ and Exosurf™, were all shown to significantly inhibit TNF- α (p<0.05). The major lipid components of surfactant, phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, were both also seen to modulate TNF-α release in these cells but the effect of cholesterol was not seen at physiological concentrations. Further incubation with 1,2 dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the major disaturated species of phosphatidylcholine present in surfactant also significantly reduced TNF-α. In contrast 1- palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine, (PAPC) an unsaturated species of phosphatidylcholine, did not significantly modulate TNF-α release in MM6 cells. DPPC was also seen to down-regulate TNF- α release in human peripheral blood monocytes. DPPC was also able to significantly reduce membrane fluidity (p<0.05) and also reduce TNF- α mRNA production. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that incubation with DPPC altered the monocyte membrane ultrastructure. Chromatography also demonstrated increased concentrations of DPPC in the cells after incubation with DPPC. The LPS induced release of another inflammatory cytokine IL-β and the regulatory cytokine IL-10 were unaffected by incubating MM6 cells with DPPC. The LPS induced expression of the monocyte LPS receptor CDl4, was also reduced by DPPC. LPS induced release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an important regulator of TNF-α, was significantly (P<0.05) increased in DPPC treated cells. Inhibition of PGE2 production by aspirin and the specific COX-2 inhibitor NS-398, reversed the modulation of LPS induced TNF- α release by DPPC. COX-2 the enzyme responsible for PGE2 synthesis, was seen to be directly upregulated by DPPC whereas PPAR-y, an important ligand for polyunsaturated fatty acids and regulator of COX-2 expression, was reduced by DPPC. Taken together these results suggest an important role for the disaturated phosphatidylcholine species and important surfactant phospholipid DPPC, in regulating the TNF- α, in a mechanism that involves upregulation of PGE2 down-regulation of PPAR-y, and increased production of COX-2.
title: Unerlaubte Grabungen - Fragen des Fundverbleibes. Zum Denkmalschutzgesetz des Landes Baden-Württemberg aus polizeilicher Sicht
Creators: name: Schöller, Ernst
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 3 (1993), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Ornamentierte Bodenfliesen des Mittelalters in Süd- und Westdeutschland 1150-1550
Creators: name: Landgraf, Eleonore
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 4 (1993), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Veröffentlichungen des Landesdenkmalamtes
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 23, Nr. 1 (1994), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
The effect of quasar redshift errors on Lyman-$α$ forest correlation functions
Creators: name: Youles, Samantha
name: Bautista, Julian E.
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Bacon, David
name: Rich, James
name: Brooks, David
name: Davis, Tamara M.
name: Dawson, Kyle
name: Dhungana, Govinda
name: Doel, Peter
name: Fanning, Kevin
name: Gaztañaga, Enrique
name: Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A
name: Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X.
name: Guy, Julien
name: Honscheid, Klaus
name: Iršič, Vid
name: Kehoe, Robert
name: Kirkby, David
name: Kisner, Theodore
name: Landriau, Martin
name: Guillou, Laurent Le
name: Levi, Michael E.
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Martini, Paul
name: Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
name: Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
name: Poppett, Claire
name: Ramírez-Pérez, César
name: Schubnell, Michael
name: Tarlé, Gregory
name: Walther, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using synthetic Lyman-$α$ forests from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, we present a study of the impact of errors in the estimation of quasar redshift on the Lyman-$α$ correlation functions. Estimates of quasar redshift have large uncertainties of a few hundred $\text{km s}^{-1}\,$ due to the broadness of the emission lines and the intrinsic shifts from other emission lines. We inject Gaussian random redshift errors into the mock quasar catalogues, and measure the auto-correlation and the Lyman-$α$-quasar cross-correlation functions. We find a smearing of the BAO feature in the radial direction, but changes in the peak position are negligible. However, we see a significant unphysical correlation for small separations transverse to the line of sight which increases with the amplitude of the redshift errors. We interpret this contamination as a result of the broadening of emission lines in the measured mean continuum, caused by quasar redshift errors, combined with the unrealistically strong clustering of the simulated quasars on small scales.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
The global anomaly of the self-dual field in general backgrounds
Creators: name: Monnier, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T50

description: We prove a formula for the global gravitational anomaly of the self-dual field theory in the presence of background gauge fields, assuming the results of arXiv:1110.4639. Along the way, we also clarify various points about the self-dual field theory. In particular, we give a general definition of the theta characteristic entering its partition function and settle the issue of its possible metric dependence. We treat the cohomological version of type IIB supergravity as an example of the formalism: a mixed gauge-gravitational global anomaly, occurring when the B-field and Ramond-Ramond 2-form gauge fields have non-trivial Wilson lines, cancels provided a certain cobordism group vanishes.
description: 38 pages. v3: Corrections in the discussion of the global anomaly cancellation in type IIB sugra. Typos corrected
Sub-Gap Structure in the Conductance of a Three-Terminal Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Pfeffer, Andreas H.
name: Duvauchelle, Jean Eudes
name: Courtois, Hervé
name: Mélin, Régis
name: Feinberg, Denis
name: Lefloch, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-terminal superconductor (S) - normal metal (N) - superconductor (S) Josephson junctions are investigated. In a geometry where a T-shape normal metal is connected to three superconducting reservoirs, new sub-gap structures appear in the differential resistance for specific combinations of the superconductor chemical potentials. Those correspond to a correlated motion of Cooper pairs within the device that persist well above the Thouless energy and is consistent with the prediction of quartets formed by two entangled Cooper pairs. A simplified nonequilibrium Keldysh Green's function calculation is presented that supports this interpretation.
description: To appear in Physical Review B
title: Die Dienststellen des Landesdenkmalamtes
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 23, Nr. 2 (1994), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Random cluster model on regular graphs
Creators: name: Bencs, Ferenc
name: Borbényi, Márton
name: Csikvári, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a graph $G=(V,E)$ with $v(G)$ vertices the partition function of the random cluster model is defined by $$Z_G(q,w)=\sum_{A\subseteq E(G)}q^{k(A)}w^{|A|},$$ where $k(A)$ denotes the number of connected components of the graph $(V,A)$. Furthermore, let $g(G)$ denote the girth of the graph $G$, that is, the length of the shortest cycle. In this paper we show that if $(G_n)_n$ is a sequence of $d$-regular graphs such that the girth $g(G_n)\to \infty$, then the limit $$\lim_{n\to \infty} \frac{1}{v(G_n)}\ln Z_{G_n}(q,w)=\ln Φ_{d,q,w}$$ exists if $q\geq 2$ and $w\geq 0$. The quantity $Φ_{d,q,w}$ can be computed as follows. Let $$Φ_{d,q,w}(t):=\left(\sqrt{1+\frac{w}{q}}\cos(t)+\sqrt{\frac{(q-1)w}{q}}\sin(t)\right)^{d}+(q-1)\left(\sqrt{1+\frac{w}{q}}\cos(t)-\sqrt{\frac{w}{q(q-1)}}\sin(t)\right)^{d},$$ then $$Φ_{d,q,w}:=\max_{t\in [-π,π]}Φ_{d,q,w}(t),$$ The same conclusion holds true for a sequence of random $d$-regular graphs with probability one. Our result extends the work of Dembo, Montanari, Sly and Sun for the Potts model (integer $q$), and we prove a conjecture of Helmuth, Jenssen and Perkins about the phase transition of the random cluster model with fixed $q$.
description: 38 pages
Gardner-like transition from variable to persistent force contacts in granular crystals
Creators: name: Kool, Lars
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
name: Daniels, Karen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental evidence of a Gardner-like transition from variable to persistent force contacts in a two-dimensional, bidisperse granular crystal by analyzing the variability of both particle positions and force networks formed under uniaxial compression. Starting from densities just above the freezing transition, and for variable amounts of additional compression, we compare configurations to both their own initial state, and to an ensemble of equivalent, reinitialized states. This protocol shows that force contacts are largely undetermined when the density is below a Gardner-like transition, after which they gradually transition to being persistent, being fully so only above the jamming point. We associate the disorder that underlies this effect to the size of the microscopic asperities of the photoelastic disks used, by analogy to other mechanisms that have been previously predicted theoretically.
A Schmidt decomposition approach to quantum thermodynamics
Creators: name: Malavazi, André
name: Brito, Frederico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of a self-consistent thermodynamic theory of quantum systems is of fundamental importance for modern physics. Still, despite its essential role in quantum science and technology, there is no unifying formalism for characterizing the thermodynamics within general autonomous quantum systems, and many fundamental open questions remain unanswered. Along these lines, most current efforts and approaches restrict the analysis to particular scenarios of approximative descriptions and semi-classical regimes. Here we propose a novel approach to describe the thermodynamics of arbitrary bipartite autonomous quantum systems based on the well-known Schmidt decomposition. This formalism provides a simple, exact and symmetrical framework for expressing the energetics between interacting systems, including scenarios beyond the standard description regimes, such as strong coupling. We show that this procedure allows a straightforward identification of local effective operators suitable for characterizing the physical local internal energies. We also demonstrate that these quantities naturally satisfy the usual thermodynamic notion of energy additivity.
description: 7 pages; Typos corrected; Minor text changes and improvements; Phase gauge section updated, results unchanged
title: Personalia
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 23, Nr. 3 (1994), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Purification and characterisation of a steroid-induced modulator of neutrophil function
Creators: name: Young, John
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1998

description: A monocyte-derived factor that stimulates the locomotion of human neutrophils on an albumin-coated glass surface has been prepared from the culture supernatant of dexamethasone-treated human monocytes and called STMS (steroid-treated monocyte supernatant). A modified cell tracking program has been developed and the parameters of locomotion determined by the analysis of Gail and Boone (1970, 1972) for cells moving in a persistent random walk. Cells moving in uniform concentrations of STMS, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and n-formyl-methionyl- leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) chosen to give a sub-maximal speed of locomotion show persistent, random and constrained random diffusion respectively with augmented diffusion coefficients of 0.8 ± 0.1, 0.14 ± 0.02 and 0.12 ± 0.03 μm2 per second for STMS, IL-8 and fMLP respectively. The augmented diffusion coefficient and the underlying persistence are therefore sensitive quantitative assay parameters for STMS activity and the qualitative characteristics of locomotion allow STMS activity to be distinguished from that of all other factors tested. The contribution of lowered adhesion to locomotion was examined in a novel tilt- assay which demonstrated that cells in the presence of STMS, but not other factors, moved down slope with significantly increased speed while maintaining contact with the substratum. The results were interpreted in terms of the bipolar form of STMS-treated cells, contrasting with multipolar forms in response to other agents. This together with low adhesiveness plus an inherent tendency of a single locomotor focus to continue motion in its original direction has been used to explain the difference between response to STMS and other factors. STMS has been proposed to prevent directed locomotion of neutrophils to an inflammatory site or to promote dispersive locomotion away from such a site, and perhaps to inhibit neutrophil transmigration between endothelial cells. STMS also inhibits adhesion of neutrophils to bovine aorta and human endothelial cells by a yet undetermined mechanism. It induces unique changes in neutrophil shape with a characteristic monopole of F-actin distribution, which may correlate with the dispersive locomotion observed in the absence of a concentration gradient. This factor also inhibits n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced chemotaxis of neutrophils in a modified Boyden chamber assay. The reduction of adhesion and the inhibition of chemotaxis by the factor in vitro indicate a possible in vivo anti-inflammatory role.
title: Personalia
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 23, Nr. 4 (1994), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Scalable High-Rate Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution Networks without Constraint of Probability and Intensity
Creators: name: Xie, Yuan-Mei
name: Weng, Chen-Xun
name: Lu, Yu-Shuo
name: Fu, Yao
name: Wang, Yang
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Implementation of a twin-field quantum key distribution network faces limitations, including the low tolerance of interference errors for phase-matching type protocols and the strict constraint regarding intensity and probability for sending-or-not-sending type protocols. Here, we propose a two-photon twin-field quantum key distribution protocol and achieve twin-field-type two-photon interference through post-matching phase-correlated single-photon interference events. We exploit the non-interference mode as the code mode to highly tolerate interference errors, and the two-photon interference naturally removes the intensity and probability constraint. Therefore, our protocol can transcend the abovementioned limitations while breaking the secret key capacity of repeaterless quantum key distribution. Simulations show that for a four-user networks, under which each node with fixed system parameters can dynamically switch different attenuation links, the key rates of our protocol for all six links can either exceed or approach the secret key capacity. However, the key rates of all links are lower than the key capacity when using phase-matching type protocols. Additionally, four of the links could not extract the key when using sending-or-not-sending type protocols. We anticipate that our protocol can facilitate the development of practical and efficient quantum networks.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for Publication in Phys. Rev. A
The development and implementation of a molecular technology based service for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection in Wales
Creators: name: Moore, Catherine
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical virology

description: The manuscripts submitted in this thesis describe the early development and implementation work for a molecular technology based service for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection in Wales. The service allowed for a greater understanding of the spectrum of disease caused by respiratory viruses as molecular methods were proven rapid and sensitive when compared to traditional laboratory methods. This work transformed the understanding of respiratory virus infection in both vulnerable and healthy patients in the community and hospital setting and eventually informed on the most appropriate way to deliver a 2lst century respiratory virus diagnostic service. Implementation of the service has had a direct impact on public health by improving the detection and monitoring of respiratory virus outbreaks and by providing information regarding the circulation of respiratory viruses in the community. The service in Cardiff became part of a network of laboratories that responds to new and emerging respiratory viral infections across the UK and the expertise gained proved instrumental in the Welsh laboratory response to the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus pandemic and the issues that arose as a direct consequence including an oseltamivir resistant outbreak. Ongoing developments in the field of molecular diagnostics together with the increasing repertoire of respiratory viruses means that the service is constantly improved to ensure that Wales continues to have a first-class service for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection.
title: Editorial
Creators: name: Planck, Dieter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 26, Nr. 1 (1997), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Monetary Policy Transmission, Bank Market Power, and Wholesale Funding Reliance
Creators: name: Enkhbold, Amina
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2023

description: I study the impact of banking market concentration and wholesale funding reliance on the transmission of monetary policy shocks to mortgage rates. I empirically demonstrate that in the United States, banks with higher reliance on wholesale funding in concentrated (competitive) deposit markets transmit monetary policy shocks less (more) to mortgage rates. I study this imperfect transmission through the lens of a New Keynesian model with monopolistically competitive banks and costly access to wholesale funding. I find that high market power banks with greater wholesale funding transmit monetary policy less to deposit rates, generating lower liability. This leads to lower mortgage lending, house prices, and borrower consumption. If monetary policy shocks become persistent, this negative effect is amplified with banks shifting away from deposits more towards wholesale funding.
description: J’étudie les effets de la concentration du marché bancaire et de la dépendance au financement de gros sur la transmission des chocs de politique monétaire aux taux hypothécaires. Je démontre empiriquement que, aux États-Unis, les banques qui dépendent davantage du financement de gros dans les marchés des dépôts concentrés (concurrentiels) transmettent moins (plus) les chocs de politique monétaire aux taux hypothécaires. J’examine cette transmission imparfaite au moyen d’un modèle de type nouveau keynésien comportant des banques en situation de concurrence monopolistique et un accès coûteux au financement de gros. Je constate que les banques qui ont un grand pouvoir de marché et dépendent davantage du financement de gros transmettent moins la politique monétaire aux taux de rémunération des dépôts, ce qui se traduit par des passifs réduits. Cela entraîne une baisse des prêts hypothécaires, des prix des logements et de la consommation des emprunteurs. Si les chocs de politique monétaire deviennent persistants, ces effets négatifs sont amplifiés étant donné que les banques délaissent les dépôts en faveur du financement de gros.
title: Neuerscheinung
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 26, Nr. 1 (1997), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4