cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Imprint of Intergalactic Shocks on the Radio Sky
Creators: name: Keshet, Uri
name: Waxman, Eli
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong intergalactic shocks are a natural consequence of structure formation in the universe. They are expected to deposit large fractions of their energy in relativistic electrons (xi_e~0.05 according to SNR observations) and magnetic fields (xi_B~0.01 according to cluster halo observations). We calculate the synchrotron emission from such shocks using an analytical model, calibrated with a hydrodynamical LCDM simulation. The resulting signal composes a large fraction of the extragalactic radio background (ERB) below 500 MHz. The associated angular fluctuations dominate the sky for frequencies nu<10 GHz and angular scales arcmin-deg (after a modest removal of point sources), provided that xi_e*xi_B>3*10^-4. The fluctuating signal is most pronounced for nu<500 MHz, dominating the sky even for xi_e*xi_B=5*10^-5. The signal will be easily observable by next generation radio telescopes such as LOFAR and SKA, and is marginally observable with present telescopes. It may be identified using cross-correlations with tracers of large scale structure, possibly even in existing <10 GHz CMB anisotropy maps and high resolution ~1 GHz radio surveys. Detection of the signal will provide the first identification of intergalactic shocks and of the WHIM, and gauge the unknown intergalactic magnetic field. We show that existing observations of the diffuse <500 MHz radio background are well fit by a simple, double-disk Galactic model, precluding a direct identification of the diffuse ERB. Modelling the frequency-dependent anisotropy pattern observed at very low (1-10 MHz) frequencies can disentangle the distributions of Galactic cosmic-rays, ionized gas and magnetic fields. Space missions such as ALFA will thus provide important insight into the structure and composition of our Galaxy (abridged).
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Presentation improved and references added
Visualizing molecular orientational ordering and electronic structure in CsnC60 fulleride films
Creators: name: Han, Sha
name: Guan, Meng-Xue
name: Song, Can-Li
name: Wang, Yi-Lin
name: Ren, Ming-Qiang
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Ma, Xu-Cun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali-doped fullerides exhibit a wealth of unusual phases that remain controversial by nature. Here we report a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy study of the sub-molecular structural and electronic properties of expanded fullerene C60 films with various cesium (Cs) doping. By varying the discrete charge states and film thicknesses, we reveal a large tunability of orientational ordering of C60 anions, yet the tunneling conductance spectra are all robustly characteristic of energy gaps, hallmarks of Jahn-Teller instability and electronic correlations. The Fermi level lies halfway within the insulating gap for stoichiometric Cs doping level of n = 1, 2, 3 and 4, apart from which it moves toward band edges with concomitant electronic states within the energy gap. Our findings establish the universality of Jahn-Teller instability, and clarify the relationship among the doping, structural and electronic structures in CsnC60 fullerides.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Solving dynamic multi-objective optimization problems via support vector machine
Creators: name: Jiang, Min
name: Hu, Weizhen
name: Qiu, Liming
name: Shi, Minghui
name: Tan, Kay Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamic Multi-objective Optimization Problems (DMOPs) refer to optimization problems that objective functions will change with time. Solving DMOPs implies that the Pareto Optimal Set (POS) at different moments can be accurately found, and this is a very difficult job due to the dynamics of the optimization problems. The POS that have been obtained in the past can help us to find the POS of the next time more quickly and accurately. Therefore, in this paper we present a Support Vector Machine (SVM) based Dynamic Multi-Objective Evolutionary optimization Algorithm, called SVM-DMOEA. The algorithm uses the POS that has been obtained to train a SVM and then take the trained SVM to classify the solutions of the dynamic optimization problem at the next moment, and thus it is able to generate an initial population which consists of different individuals recognized by the trained SVM. The initial populuation can be fed into any population based optimization algorithm, e.g., the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), to get the POS at that moment. The experimental results show the validity of our proposed approach.
Automated complex for improving axial compressor rows
Creators: name: A.V. Menyajlov
name: V.I. Pis'menniy
name: V.V. Сonstantinov
name: Skob, Yurii
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
name: Y.K. Chernyshev
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Automated complex for improving axial compressor rows
Correlation and surface effects in Vanadium Oxides
Creators: name: Schwieger, S.
name: Potthoff, M.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent photoemission experiments have shown strong surface modifications in the spectra from vanadium oxides as (V,Cr)_2O_3 or (Sr,Ca)VO_3. The effective mass is enhanced at the surface and the coherent part of the surface spectrum is narrowed as compared to the bulk. The quasiparticle weight is more sensitive at the surface than in the bulk against bandwidth variations. We investigate these effects theoretically considering the single-band Hubbard model for a film geometry. A simplified dynamical mean-field scheme is used to calculate the main features of the interacting layer-dependent spectral function. It turns out that the experimentally confirmed effects are inherent properties of a system of strongly correlated electrons. The reduction of the weight and the variance of the coherent part of the surface spectrum can be traced back to the reduced surface coordination number. Surface correlation effects can be strongly amplified by changes of the hopping integrals at the surface.
description: to appear in PRB; 8 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3 of Circular RNA circLOC101928570 suppresses systemic lupus erythematosus progression by targeting the miR-150-5p/c-myb axis
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingwang
name: Dong, Rui
name: Tang, Zhongwei
name: Wang, Juan
name: Wang, Chunyou
name: Song, Zhiqiang
name: Ni, Bing
name: Zhang, Longlong
name: He, Xiaochong
name: You, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. The shRNA sequences used in this study.
On fast multiplication of a matrix by its transpose
Creators: name: Dumas, Jean-Guillaume
name: Pernet, Clement
name: Sedoglavic, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a non-commutative algorithm for the multiplication of a 2x2-block-matrix by its transpose using 5 block products (3 recursive calls and 2 general products) over C or any finite field.We use geometric considerations on the space of bilinear forms describing 2x2 matrix products to obtain this algorithm and we show how to reduce the number of involved additions.The resulting algorithm for arbitrary dimensions is a reduction of multiplication of a matrix by its transpose to general matrix product, improving by a constant factor previously known reductions.Finally we propose schedules with low memory footprint that support a fast and memory efficient practical implementation over a finite field.To conclude, we show how to use our result in LDLT factorization.
description: ISSAC 2020, Jul 2020, Kalamata, Greece
Revisiting dominant notions: a review of costs, performance and institutions of small reservoirs in sub-Saharan Africa.
Creators: name: Venot, Jean-Philippe
name: De Fraiture, Charlotte
name: Nti Acheampong, Ernest
name: Venot, Jean-Philippe
name: De Fraiture, Charlotte
name: Nti Acheampong, Ernest
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Reservoirs
subject: Institutions
subject: History
subject: Investments
subject: Costs
subject: Multiple use
subject: Rural development
subject: Water users associations
subject: Small scale systems
subject: Irrigation
subject: Remote sensing

description: This report investigates the dynamics of one of the most common agricultural water management practices of sub-Saharan Africa, i.e., small reservoirs. Small reservoirs dam permanent or temporary river flows and support multiple livelihood activities (livestock watering, crop cultivation, fisheries, small handicrafts, etc.) while providing water-related ecosystem services (soil and water conservation, flood and drought mitigation, etc.). Gathering evidence from four sub-Saharan countries, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Ethiopia and Zambia, this report calls for revisiting our understanding and assessment of the costs, performance and institutions for the management of small reservoirs. A more holistic analytical approach is the first step towards an integrative governance framework. This, in turn, holds the promise of sustainable management of small reservoirs.
Costasensora Fibiger 2010
Creators: name: Han, Hui Lin
name: Kononenko, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Costasensora

description: Genus Costasensora Fibiger, 2010
 Costasensora Fibiger, 2010. Zootaxa, 2583: 53–54.
 Type species: Costasensora honeyi Fibiger, 2010. Type locality: Malaysia, Borneo, Sarawak. Holotype: male, NHM [BMNH].
 Costasensora was described by Fibiger (2010) based on the type-species; some features of the male genitalia are added here to supplement the original description.
 Supplement to the original description (Figs 1–4, 9–11). Head and thorax. Labial palps porrect; third segment 1/3 of second, narrow. Head, patagia, anterior part of tegulae, prothorax, basal part of costa, costal part of forewing in medial, and terminal areas, including fringes, blackish-brown; medial spot in the costal area quadrangular in shape. Forewing ground colour whitish yellow; reniform stigma indistinct, small, white. Hindwing grey, with indistinct discal spot. Abdomen. Grey; with dorsal tuft on basal segment.
 Male genitalia. Tegumen short or regular, thick, with sclerotized ring in upper part; vinculum asymmetrical, thick and broad; saccus variable in shape, broad or narrow, Y or V-shaped, with or without medial crest, with or without long, thin, curved saccus; valvae might be asymmetrical, right valva 1.5X longer than left, or valvae equal in length, extended apically; process of sacculus conical prickle, extends downward or absent; ampulla setose, bilobed, asymmetrical, left lobe tongue-like; right lobe 1.5 to 2X as broad than left one, apically rounded, medially with small thorn-like dorsal extension; juxta large, sclerotized, with medial crest; asymmetrical: left part upper or under quadrangular in shape, right part apically pointed or triangle; anellus plate prominently asymmetrical, basally with lateral hornlike processes, distally long or regular, spatulate or irregularly trapezoid, with rounded, or weak, small apical extension; aedeagus smoothly curved or curved under right angle, tapering apically; vesica with minute cornutus. Female genitalia. Unknown.
description: Published as part of Han, Hui Lin & Kononenko, Vladimir S., 2021, Two new species of Costasensora Fibiger, 2010 and Asyprocessa Fibiger, 2010 from Malaysia and Cambodia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypenodinae, Micronoctuini) Taxonomic study of Micronoctuini. Contribution VI., pp. 95-100 in Zootaxa 5005 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5005.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/5141255
Fluctuation-dissipation theorem and models of learning
Creators: name: Nemenman, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in statistical learning theory have resulted in a multitude of different designs of learning machines. But which ones are implemented by brains and other biological information processors? We analyze how various abstract Bayesian learners perform on different data and argue that it is difficult to determine which learning-theoretic computation is performed by a particular organism using just its performance in learning a stationary target (learning curve). Basing on the fluctuation-dissipation relation in statistical physics, we then discuss a different experimental setup that might be able to solve the problem.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure; manuscript restructured following reviewers' suggestions; references added; misprints corrected
Supplementary figure and table from Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb
Creators: name: Nishitani, Satomi
name: Ishida, Atsushi
name: Nakamura, Toshie
name: Kachi, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Fig S1:Air and soil temperatures during the period of cultivation and fertilizer-supply experiment, TableS1: Leaf nitrogen concentration in late March
Revised Simulations of the Planetary Nebulae Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Valenzuela, Lucas M.
name: Méndez, Roberto H.
name: Bertolami, Marcelo M. Miller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a revised procedure for the numerical simulation of planetary nebulae luminosity functions (PNLF), improving on previous work (Méndez & Soffner 1997). The procedure now is based on new H-burning post-AGB evolutionary tracks (Miller Bertolami 2016). For a given stellar mass, the new central stars are more luminous and evolve faster. We have slightly changed the distribution of the [OIII] 5007 intensities relative to those of H$β$ and the generation of absorbing factors, while still basing their numerical modeling on empirical information extracted from studies of galactic planetary nebulae (PNs) and their central stars. We argue that the assumption of PNs being completely optically thick to H-ionizing photons leads to conflicts with observations and show that to account for optically thin PNs is necessary. We then use the new simulations to estimate a maximum final mass, clarifying its meaning, and discuss the effect of internal dust extinction as a possible way of explaining the persistent discrepancy between PNLF and surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) distances. By adjusting the range of minimum to maximum final mass, it is also possible to explain the observed variety of PNLF shapes at intermediate magnitudes. The new PN formation rates are calculated to be slightly lower than suggested by previous simulations based on older post-AGB evolutionary tracks.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, ApJ in press
Additional file 2 of Anti-IgLON5 antibodies cause progressive behavioral and neuropathological changes in mice
Creators: name: Ni, You
name: Feng, Yifan
name: Shen, Dingding
name: Chen, Ming
name: Zhu, Xiaona
name: Zhou, Qinming
name: Gao, Yining
name: Liu, Jun
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Shen, Yuntian
name: Peng, Lisheng
name: Zeng, Zike
name: Yin, Dou
name: Hu, Ji
name: Chen, Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Clinical information of an anti-IgLON5 disease patient. Related to Figure 1. (A) Representative images of cell-based assays showing anti-IgLON5 antibodies in the serum from the patient but not in the serum from a healthy control. Scale bar=20μm. (B) The cranial 18F-FDG PET-MR image of the patient upon first admission. The standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) of the left thalamus, right thalamus, and left temporal lobe are 1.12, 0.97, and 0.91, respectively. The cranial 18F-FDG PET-MR of the patient upon the second admission. The SUVRs of the bilateral thalamus and left temporal lobe are lower than they are 18 months ago (left thalamus, 0.97; right thalamus, 0.82; left temporal lobe, 0.70). (C) Immunoprecipitation results show the presence of these antibodies in patient but their absence in control serum. (D) Timeline of symptoms.
Vortex avalanches and the onset of superfluid turbulence
Creators: name: Kopnin, N. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantized circulation, absence of Galilean invariance due to a clamped normal component, and the vortex mutual friction are the major factors that make superfluid turbulence behave in a way different from that in classical fluids. The model is developed for the onset of superfluid turbulence that describes the initial avalanche-like multiplication of vortices into a turbulent vortex tangle.
description: 4 pages
Traveling Bands, Clouds, and Vortices of Chiral Active Matter
Creators: name: Kruk, Nikita
name: Carrillo, José A.
name: Koeppl, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider stochastic dynamics of self-propelled particles with nonlocal normalized alignment interactions subject to phase lag. The role of the lag is to indirectly generate chirality into particle motion. To understand large scale behavior, we derive a continuum description of an active Brownian particle (ABP) flow with macroscopic scaling in the form of a partial differential equation (PDE) for a one-particle probability density function (DF). Due to indirect chirality, we find a new spatially homogeneous nonstationary analytic solution for this class of equations. Our development of kinetic and hydrodynamic theories towards such a solution reveals the existence of a wide variety of spatially nonhomogeneous patterns reminiscent of the traveling bands, clouds, and vortical structures of linear active matter. Our model may thereby serve as the basis for understanding the nature of chiral active media and designing multiagent swarms with designated behavior.
On the minimal travel time needed to collect n items on a circle
Creators: name: Litvak, Nelly
name: van Zwet, Willem R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B05 (Primary) 62E15, 60F05, 60G51. (Secondary)

description: Consider n items located randomly on a circle of length 1. The locations of the items are assumed to be independent and uniformly distributed on [0,1). A picker starts at point 0 and has to collect all n items by moving along the circle at unit speed in either direction. In this paper we study the minimal travel time of the picker. We obtain upper bounds and analyze the exact travel time distribution. Further, we derive closed-form limiting results when n tends to infinity. We determine the behavior of the limiting distribution in a positive neighborhood of zero. The limiting random variable is closely related to exponential functionals associated with a Poisson process. These functionals occur in many areas and have been intensively studied in recent literature.
Data for biomass, concentrations of nitrogen and pigments, and leaf phenology from Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb
Creators: name: Nishitani, Satomi
name: Ishida, Atsushi
name: Nakamura, Toshie
name: Kachi, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Fresh mass at the start of the fertilizer-supply experiment, leaf area, dry mass and concentrations of nitrogen and pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid) at harvest, and seasonal changes in the leaf number and total leaf length
CONSIDERATIONS ON INDEPENDENT WORDS AND NOUNS
Creators: name: Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute Department of  Uzbek language and Literature teacher  Rizayev Khairullo electronic teacher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article discusses independent word groups characteristic of the Uzbek language. It also discusses different views on independent word groups and analyzes these views through several points of view. At the end of the article, a conclusion is made, giving personal views on the elimination of these differences.

Key words: morphology, vocabulary, noun, adjective, verb, number, pronoun, adverb
Data for chlorophyll a (Chla) fluorescence yield from Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb
Creators: name: Nishitani, Satomi
name: Ishida, Atsushi
name: Nakamura, Toshie
name: Kachi, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The minimal Chla fluorescence yiled (Fo) and the maximal Chla fluorescence yiled (Fm) of photosystmem II (PSII) in the dark-adapted state, and the steady-state Chla fluorescence yiled (F) and the maximal Chla fluorescence yiled (Fm’) in the light-adapted state of PSII
Poisson systems as the natural framework for additional first integrals via Darboux invariant hypersurfaces
Creators: name: García, Isaac A.
name: Hernández-Bermejo, Benito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the literature, the existence of Darboux polynomials and additional polynomial first integrals has been considered in the case of Hamiltonian systems. In this article such problem is formulated in the more general framework of Poisson structures, which include Hamiltonian systems as a particular case. This generalization allows a natural extension of the previous results, which can now be applied to a larger class of vector fields and is valid for arbitrary diffeomorphisms (instead of canonical transformations). Examples are discussed.
On the instantaneous spectrum of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Ruffini, R.
name: Bianco, C. L.
name: Chardonnet, P.
name: Fraschetti, F.
name: Gurzadyan, V.
name: Xue, S. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical attempt to identify the physical process responsible for the afterglow emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) is presented, leading to the occurrence of thermal emission in the comoving frame of the shock wave giving rise to the bursts. The determination of the luminosities and spectra involves integration over an infinite number of Planckian spectra, weighted by appropriate relativistic transformations, each one corresponding to a different viewing angle in the past light cone of the observer. The relativistic transformations have been computed using the equations of motion of GRBs within our theory, giving special attention to the determination of the equitemporal surfaces. The only free parameter of the present theory is the ``effective emitting area'' in the shock wave front. A self consistent model for the observed hard-to-soft transition in GRBs is also presented. When applied to GRB 991216 a precise fit $(χ^2\simeq 1.078)$ of the observed luminosity in the 2--10 keV band is obtained. Similarly, detailed estimates of the observed luminosity in the 50--300 keV and in the 10--50 keV bands are obtained.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear on Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
Peculiarities of 57-Fe NMR Spectrum in Micro- and Nanocrystalline Europium Orthoferrites
Creators: name: Sklyarova, Anastasia
name: Popkov, Vadim I.
name: Pleshakov, Ivan V.
name: Matveev, Vladimir V.
name: Stepankova, Helena
name: Chlan, Vojtech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NMR spectra of 57-Fe dispersed europium orthoferrite in powder samples with micro- and nanocrystalline particles were studied for the first time. The material was synthesized by glycine-nitrate combustion, which allowed to obtain the specimens with granular diameters of 60 nm(nano-EuFeO3) and 1.5 um (micro-EuFeO3). It was found out that the spectra are more complex than could be expected for a compound with a single crystallographic position of Fe3+ ions, and it was also identified that there is a noticeable difference in samples with different fineness. Assumptions about the possible physical nature of the observed effects are made.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Appl Magn Reson (2020)
On the accuracy of time-delay cosmography in the Frontier Fields Cluster MACS J1149.5+2223 with supernova Refsdal
Creators: name: Grillo, C.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Suyu, S. H.
name: Caminha, G. B.
name: Mercurio, A.
name: Halkola, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study possible systematic effects on the values of the cosmological parameters measured through strong lensing analyses of the HFF galaxy cluster MACS J1149.5+2223. We use the observed positions of a large set of spectroscopically selected multiple images, including those of supernova "Refsdal" with their estimated time delays. Starting from our reference model in a flat $Λ$CDM cosmology, published in Grillo et al. (2018), we confirm the relevance of the longest measurable time delay, between SX and S1, and an approximately linear relation between its value and that of $H_{0}$. We perform true blind tests by considering a range of time delays around its original estimate of $345 \pm 10$ days, as an accurate measurement of this time delay was not known at the time of analysis and writing. We investigate separately the impact of a constant sheet of mass at the cluster redshift, of a power-law profile for the mass density of the cluster main halo and of some scatter in the cluster member scaling relations. Remarkably, we find that these systematic effects do not introduce a significant bias on the inferred values of $H_{0}$ and $Ω_{\rm m}$ and that the statistical uncertainties dominate the total error budget: a 3% uncertainty on the time delay of image SX translates into approximately 6% and 40% (including both statistical and systematic $1σ$) uncertainties for $H_{0}$ and $Ω_{\rm m}$, respectively. Furthermore, our model accurately reproduces the extended surface brightness distribution of the supernova host, covering more than $3 \times 10^{4}$ $HST$ pixels. We also present the interesting possibility of measuring the value of the equation-of-state parameter $w$ of the dark energy density, currently with a 30% uncertainty. We conclude that time-delay cluster lenses have the potential to become soon an alternative and competitive cosmological probe.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; ApJ in press (all main results and figures unchanged, only minor changes during revision)
Data for photosynthetic capacity from Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb
Creators: name: Nishitani, Satomi
name: Ishida, Atsushi
name: Nakamura, Toshie
name: Kachi, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Leaf area-based photosynthesis rate in relation to partial pressure of intercellular CO2. Measurements were conducted at leaf temperature of 22 °C and a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 1500 µmol m-2 s-1.
Development of a Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) system using a Streak Camera
Creators: name: Krishnan, R. V.
name: Saitoh, H.
name: Terada, H.
name: Centonze, V. E.
name: Herman, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We report the development and detailed calibration of a multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging system (FLIM) using a streak camera. The present system is versatile with high spatial (0.2 micron) and temporal (50 psec) resolution and allows rapid data acquisition and reliable and reproducible lifetime determinations. The system was calibrated with standard fluorescent dyes and the lifetime values obtained were in very good agreement with values reported in literature for these dyes. We also demonstrate the applicability of the system to FLIM studies in cellular specimens including stained pollen grains and fibroblast cells expressing green fluorescent protein. The lifetime values obtained matched well with those reported earlier by other groups for these same specimens. Potential applications of the present system include the measurement of intracellular physiology and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) imaging which are discussed in the context of live cell imaging.
Lee-Yang-inspired energy-density functional including contributions from $p$-wave scattering
Creators: name: Bonnard, Jeremy
name: Grasso, Marcella
name: Lacroix, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ELYO functional proposed in [M. Grasso, D. Lacroix, and C. J. Yang, Phys. Rev. C \textbf{95}, 054327 (2017)] belongs to the family of energy-density functionals (EDFs) inspired by effective-field theories (EFTs) and constrained by \textit{ab--initio} pseudo-data. We present here an extension of this EDF which also accounts for the first $p$-wave term appearing in the low-density expansion from which it derives. It is shown that this enrichment of the ansatz on which the functional is based leads to a significant improvement of the description of neutronic systems, especially in regimes besides the pseudo--data set employed to adjust the parameters. As an illustrative application, the mass-radius relation of neutron stars is considered. In contrast to its initial version, the new functional predicts values which are qualitatively consistent with recent observations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
What world price?
Creators: name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan Von
name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan Von
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: rice
subject: price transmission
subject: cointegration
subject: world price

description: There is no consensus on what defines a reference for the world rice price. A review on rice as a differentiated commodity shed two important insights. First, it confirms that few studies have considered segmentation of rice in their price analysis. Second, Thai 5% brokens has often been considered the world reference price for rice but no empirical exercise has been carried out to validate this. This study analyzes the extent of market integration in the international rice market by generating empirical evidence on the cointegration of different export prices. We start our analysis with the assumption that rice is not a homogeneous good. In this context, we establish clusters by rice quality and determine which export markets best represent the world rice price within and across clusters. The study uses 19 monthly average export rice price quotations from January 2000 to July 2012 extracted from the FAO Global Information and Early Warning System food price database and from the Thai Rice Exporters Association. We also include FAO Export Price indices for high and low quality indica to assess their performance with other export prices. Our study contributes to the limited discussion on rice as a heterogeneous commodity. We validate Thai 5% brokens as the benchmark price for rice by examining its bivariate relationships with other export prices. We employ Johansen maximum likelihood procedure to confirm the long-run equilibrium relations and cointegration of price series. Then, we extend the error correction model to a multivariate cointegration analysis by cluster. We test for the Law of One Price, long run exclusion, and weak exogeneity to assess the dynamics of price transmission and determine how prices are related with one another. We build on this information and our knowledge of the rice market system to answer the question – What is the world rice price? We find evidence that the rice market is highly segmented. This suggests that there is no single answer to our research question. While we find that Thai 5% brokens is cointegrated with many other export prices and contributes strongly in defining long run equilibrium relations, there are several international rice prices that could be used as benchmarks. The results imply that failure to find cointegrating relations from world to domestic rice markets can be a result of failure to effectively define the appropriate international reference price. In price transmission analysis, we find that it is imperative to examine the types of rice and to discuss the relevance of specific markets to the benchmark price based on understanding of rice trade structure. This study affirms the importance of having up-to-date and reliable sources of rice prices both in the export and domestic markets, accounting for differences in quality.
TITAN: A Spatiotemporal Feature Learning Framework for Traffic Incident Duration Prediction
Creators: name: Fu, Kaiqun
name: Ji, Taoran
name: Zhao, Liang
name: Lu, Chang-Tien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Critical incident stages identification and reasonable prediction of traffic incident duration are essential in traffic incident management. In this paper, we propose a traffic incident duration prediction model that simultaneously predicts the impact of the traffic incidents and identifies the critical groups of temporal features via a multi-task learning framework. First, we formulate a sparsity optimization problem that extracts low-level temporal features based on traffic speed readings and then generalizes higher level features as phases of traffic incidents. Second, we propose novel constraints on feature similarity exploiting prior knowledge about the spatial connectivity of the road network to predict the incident duration. The proposed problem is challenging to solve due to the orthogonality constraints, non-convexity objective, and non-smoothness penalties. We develop an algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework to solve the proposed formulation. Extensive experiments and comparisons to other models on real-world traffic data and traffic incident records justify the efficacy of our model.
A simple model for hydromagnetic instabilities in the presence of a constant magnetic field
Creators: name: Sandoval-Villalbazo, A.
name: Garcia-Colin, L. S.
name: Arrieta, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a simple model consisting of a dilute fully ionized plasma in the presence of the gravitational and a constant magnetic field to analyze the propagation of hydromagnetic instabilities. In particular we show that the so called Jeans instability is in principle affected by the presence of the magnetic field. A brief discussion is made attempting to assess this influence in the stage of the evolution of the Universe where structures were formed. The most logical conclusion is that if magnetic fields existed in those times their magnitudes were too small to modify Jeans' mass. Our results places limits of the possible values of seed magnetic fields consistent with the formation structures in the Universe. These values are within the range of the results obtained by other authors.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Updated references
Teenage Girls Discuss Their Wardrobes and Their Attitudes Toward Cotton and Other Fibers
Creators: name: Hochstim, Esther S.
name: Hochstim, Esther S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: This report deals with young girls' uses of and attitudes toward cotton and competing fibers in various wardrobe items. It is one of a series of studies on farm products conducted by the Market Development Branch, Marketing Research Division. In order to help producers, manufacturers, and distributors understand the teenage market better and find improved ways of meeting its needs, the Department of Agriculture undertook this study among girls 14 through 17 years of age. The findings reported here are based on a national probability sample of 1,751 girls.
Solving Dynamic Multi-objective Optimization Problems Using Incremental Support Vector Machine
Creators: name: Hu, Weizhen
name: Jiang, Min
name: Gao, Xing
name: Tan, Kay Chen
name: Cheung, Yiu-ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main feature of the Dynamic Multi-objective Optimization Problems (DMOPs) is that optimization objective functions will change with times or environments. One of the promising approaches for solving the DMOPs is reusing the obtained Pareto optimal set (POS) to train prediction models via machine learning approaches. In this paper, we train an Incremental Support Vector Machine (ISVM) classifier with the past POS, and then the solutions of the DMOP we want to solve at the next moment are filtered through the trained ISVM classifier. A high-quality initial population will be generated by the ISVM classifier, and a variety of different types of population-based dynamic multi-objective optimization algorithms can benefit from the population. To verify this idea, we incorporate the proposed approach into three evolutionary algorithms, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO), Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), and the Regularity Model-based multi-objective estimation of distribution algorithm(RE-MEDA). We employ experiments to test these algorithms, and experimental results show the effectiveness.
description: 6 pages
Managing Wicked Problems in Agribusiness: The Role of Multi-Stakeholder Engagements in Value Creation
Creators: name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Hospes, Otto
name: Ross, R. Brent
name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Hospes, Otto
name: Ross, R. Brent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: wicked problems
subject: sustainability
subject: agriculture
subject: Stakeholder Theory
subject: multi-stakeholder initiatives

description: Environmental degradation and biodiversity loss, persisting poverty, a mounting obesity epidemic, food insecurity and the use of biotechnology are all examples of wicked problems faced by agricultural and food organizations. Yet, managers and policy-makers often do not recognize that these problems are “wicked”. Wicked problems have cause-effect relationships that are difficult or impossible to define, cannot be framed and solved without creating controversies among stakeholders and require collective action among societal groups with strongly held, conflicting beliefs and values. In contrast to past research, this Special Issue takes an organizational perspective by tackling three key managerial questions: what is the value of managing wicked problems and engaging with multiple stakeholders? What are the human and organizational resources and the strategic conditions needed to engage with multiple stakeholders effectively? How can multi-stakeholder engagements be undertaken? A world collection of empirical case studies conducted by business, NGO and university leaders tackle these questions. For managers, the Issue offers recent and thought-provoking insights on how to recognize and deal with wicked problems. For academics, it proposes an agenda for addressing the topic and promises to fuel a research and education debate for years to come.
description: The IFAMR is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org
Additional file 5 of Circular RNA circLOC101928570 suppresses systemic lupus erythematosus progression by targeting the miR-150-5p/c-myb axis
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingwang
name: Dong, Rui
name: Tang, Zhongwei
name: Wang, Juan
name: Wang, Chunyou
name: Song, Zhiqiang
name: Ni, Bing
name: Zhang, Longlong
name: He, Xiaochong
name: You, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Figure S1. Gating strategy for the detection of Th17 cells. Figure represents the result of (A) the patient with SLE compared to (B) the healthy control. Lymphocyte population was gated from PBMCs according to forward scatter area (FSC-A) characteristics and side scatter area (SSC-A) characteristics. Discrimination of single cells was performed by plotting forward scatter height (FSC-H) against forward scatter area (FSC-A). Gating strategy to discriminate T cell populations was set using CD3-antibody. The CD3+CD8-IL17A+ cells (namely Th17) were then separated from the gated T lymphocytes. Figure S2. Gating strategy for the detection of Treg cells. Figure represents the result of (A) the patient with SLE compared to (B) the healthy control. Lymphocyte population was gated from PBMCs according to forward scatter area (FSC-A) and side scatter area (SSC-A) characteristics. Discrimination of single cells was performed by plotting forward scatter height (FSC-H) against forward scatter area (FSC-A). Gating strategy to discriminate CD4+T cell populations was set using CD3-antibody and CD4-antibody. Treg cells (CD3+CD4+CD25+FOXP3+) were then gated from CD4+T cells. Figure S3. Gating strategy for the detection of Th1, Th2, Tc1 and Tc2 cells. Representative examples of (A) the patient with SLE compared to (B) the healthy control. Lymphocyte population was gated from PBMCs according to forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) characteristics. Discrimination of single cells was performed by plotting forward scatter height (FSC-H) against forward scatter area (FSC-A). Gating strategy to discriminate T cell populations was set using CD3-antibody. Th1 (CD3+CD8-IL-4high), Th2 (CD3+CD8-IFN-γhigh), Tc1 (CD3+CD8+IFN-γhigh) and Tc2 (CD3+CD8+IL-4high) cells were then gate from T cell population by using the indicated antibodies. IL2RA expression in Th1, Th2, Tc1 and Tc2 subpopulations from SLE patients and healthy controls was detected by staining with pacific blue labeled anti-human IL2RA-antibody.
Partnering for Change in Chains: the Capacity of Partnerships to Promote Sustainable Change in Global Agrifood Chains
Creators: name: Bitzer, Verena
name: Bitzer, Verena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agribusiness
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
International Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Intersectoral partnerships mirror the changing nature of the relationships among state, business and civil society organizations, and are often considered innovative mechanisms to overcome single actor failure in the context of globalization. This article analyzes the capacity of partnerships to promote sustainable change in global agrifood chains from a governance and a development perspective. The global coffee, cotton, and cocoa chains serve as main fields of application. From a governance perspective, the emergence of partnerships is largely positive inasmuch as partnerships act as initiators and agents of change which, although still mostly confined to niche markets, unfolds a chain-wide governance effect. From a development perspective, partnerships can be viewed critically as their top-down and business-driven nature leads to uncertain benefits for producers and results in the marginalization of certain development concerns. These differing conclusions can be explained by the fact that partnerships largely embody the neoliberal agenda, which raises specific questions, particularly from a development perspective.
description: The IFAMR is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org
CovidIFCellSegmentationBoundaryModel
Creators: name: Pape, Constantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
a

description: Download RDF Package
U-Net for Cell Segmentation in IF This model segments cells in immunofluorescence microscopy images. It predicts boundary maps and foreground probabilities and was trained on Vero E6 cells imaged with a high-throughput-microscope, as part of a Covid19 antibody test. The boundaries can be combined with a nucleus segmentation to obtain an instance segmentation via seeded watershed. Training The network was trained on data from this publication. The training script can be found here. This folder also includes example usages of this model. Training Data Imaging modality: immunofluorescence images of Vero E6 cells Dimensionality: 2D Source: https://zenodo.org/record/5092850 Recommended Validation It is recommended to validate the instance segmentation obtained from this model using intersection-over-union. See the validation script. This model can also be used in ilastik, deepimageJ or other software that supports the bioimage.io model format. Training Schedule n_epochs: 1243 batches_per_epoch: 21 batch_size: 8 loss_function: DiceLoss optimizer: Adam learning_rate: 0.0001 n_train_images: None n_validation_images: None Contact For questions or issues with this models, please reach out by: opening a topic with tags bioimageio and covidifcellsegmentationboundarymodel on image.sc or creating an issue in https://github.com/constantinpape/torch-em
description: Cell segmentation for immunofluorescence microscopy. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)