cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Specific Machine Curiosity
Creators: Ady, Nadia Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Curiosity appears to motivate and guide effective learning in humans, which has led to high hopes in the machine learning community for machine analogues of curiosity. While a variety of machine curiosity algorithms have been introduced, they are rarely compared with other existing curiosity algorithms. With a new family of experimental domains—‘Curiosity Bandits’—I provide a means of observing curiosity methods on an even playing field, manipulating the curiosity mechanism while controlling for the learning algorithm and its environment. Observations using these domains, along with the study of human and animal curiosity, allowed me to clarify five properties that would offer important benefits for machine learners but have not yet been well-explored in machine intelligence—directedness towards inostensible referents, cessation when satisfied, voluntary exposure, transience, and coherent long-term learning. I further demonstrate how three of these properties can be implemented together in a proof-of-concept reinforcement learning agent. As a whole, this work presents a novel view into machine curiosity and how it might be integrated into the behaviour of goal-seeking, decision-making machine agents in complex environments.
Enhanced diffusion of nonswimmers in a three-dimensional bath of motile bacteria
Creators: name: Jepson, A.
name: Martinez, V. A.
name: Schwarz-Linek, J.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Poon, W. C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, using differential dynamic microscopy, that the diffusivity of non-motile cells in a three-dimensional (3D) population of motile E. coli is enhanced by an amount proportional to the active cell flux. While non-motile mutants without flagella and mutants with paralysed flagella have quite different thermal diffusivities and therefore hydrodynamic radii, their diffusivities are enhanced to the same extent by swimmers in the regime of cell densities explored here. Integrating the advective motion of non-swimmers caused by swimmers with finite persistence-length trajectories predicts our observations to within 2%, indicating that fluid entrainment is not relevant for diffusion enhancement in 3D.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Metachirus Burmeister 1854
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Metachirus

description: Metachirus Burmeister, 1854. Syst. Uebers. Thiere Bras., 1:135. TYPE SPECIES: Didelphis myosuros Temminck, 1824. COMMENTS: Hall (1981) followed Pine (1973) in using the name Philander; see Hershkovitz (1976, 1981) who reaffirmed the use of Philander for the gray four-eyed opossums.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
description: {"references": ["Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1976. Comments on generic names of four-eyed opossums (family Didelphidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89: 295 - 304.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1981. Philander and four-eyed opossums once again. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93: 943 - 946."]}
Metachirus nudicaudatus
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Metachirus
Metachirus nudicaudatus

description: Metachirus nudicaudatus (Desmarest, 1817). Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., Nouv. ed., 9:424. TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana, "Cayenne." DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua to Paraguay and N Argentina. SYNONYMS: antioquiae]. A. Allen, 1916; bolivianus J. A. Allen, 1901; colombianus J. A. Allen, 1900; dentaneus Goldman, 1912; inbutus Thomas, 1923; infuscus Thomas, 1923; modestus Thomas, 1923; personatus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936; phaeurus Thomas, 1901; tschudii J. A. Allen, 1900. COMMENTS: M. nudicaudatus is usually cited from É. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire's (1803) catalog of the mammals in the Paris Museum, but that work was not actually published; see Appendix I.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
description: {"references": ["Allen, J. A. 1916. Mammals collected on the Roosevelt Brazilian Expedition, with field notes by Leo E. Miller. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 35: 559 - 610, 6 pls.", "Allen, J. A. 1900. Description of new American marsupials. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 13: 191 - 199."]}
Micoureus Lesson 1842
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Micoureus

description: Micoureus Lesson, 1842. Nouv. Tabi. Regn. Anim. Mammifères, p. 186. TYPE SPECIES: Didelphis cinerea Temminck, 1824, by subsequent designation (Thomas, 1888a). COMMENTS: Previously in Marmosa (sensu lato; see Gardner and Creighton, 1989).
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
description: {"references": ["Thomas, O. 1888 a. Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum (Natural History), London, 401 pp., 33 pls.", "Gardner, A. L., and G. K. Creighton. 1989. A new generic name for Tate's microtarsus group of South American mouse opossums (Marsupialia: Didelphidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 102: 3 - 7."]}
Rapidly rotating neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories of gravity
Creators: name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the field equations governing the equilibrium of rapidly rotating neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories of gravity, as well as representative numerical solutions. The conditions for the presence of a nontrivial scalar field and the deviations from the general relativistic solutions are studied. Two examples of scalar-tensor theories are examined - one case that is equivalent to the Brans-Dicke theory and a second case, that is perturbatively equivalent to Einstein's General Relativity in the weak field regime, but can differ significantly for strong fields. Our numerical results show that rapidly rotating neutron star models with a nontrivial scalar field exist in both cases and that the effect of the scalar field is stronger for rapid rotation. If we consider values of the coupling parameters in accordance with current observations, only the second example of scalar-tensor theories has significant influence on the neutron star structure. We show that scalarized, rapidly rotating neutron stars exist for a larger range of the parameters than in the static case, since a nontrivial scalar field is present even for values of the coupling constant $β>-4.35$, and that these solutions are energetically more favorable than the general relativistic ones. In addition, the deviations of the rapidly rotating scalar-tensor neutron stars from the general-relativistic solutions is significantly larger than in the static case.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Micoureus alstoni
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Micoureus
Micoureus alstoni

description: Micoureus alstoni (J. A. Allen, 1900). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13:189. TYPE LOCALITY: Costa Rica, Cartago, "Très Rios." DISTRIBUTION: E Central America from Belize to Panami and adjacent Caribbean islands.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
Amplifying Autistic perspectives: Learning from and with Autistic adults to support their autonomy
Creators: Ryan, Jacalyn G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Self-determination enhances a person’s quality of life and is a fundamental human right. Yet, Autistic individuals experience fewer opportunities for self-determination than their non-autistic peers, including peers with other developmental disabilities. This is often due to professionals exerting external control over Autistic individuals, especially those with co-occurring intellectual disabilities. However, some professionals are striving to support self-determination for Autistic people. While research about the lived experiences of Autistic people is increasing research on the lived experience of Autistic people with intellectual disabilities (ID) remains limited. Intellectual disability should not affect an Autistic young adult’s ability to be self-determined but will affect the level of support the person needs.  Autistic people and autism researchers have both proposed that including Autistics in research as collaborators or co-researchers can enhance the relevance of autism research, support the self-determination of Autistic individuals, and improve their quality of life. According to Self-Determination Theory, autonomy is one of three basic psychological needs that must be met for someone to experience self-determination.

This work is comprised of five chapters, including an introductory chapter, three manuscripts that represented independent research with integrated learnings to support self-determination, and a discussion/conclusion chapter. Each project in the three manuscripts was conducted using a community based participatory research (CBPR) approach. A CBPR approach with Autistic people enhances self-determination by ensuring that the research is relevant to the Autistic community, attending to social inequalities, and by increasing the knowledge and skills of the Autistic partners. The first manuscript describes the development of Research 101, Effective Collaborators to enhance the ability of Autistic people to participate in research as co-researchers. The second manuscript investigates what autonomy means to Autistic adults with ID and how they want to be supported to be autonomous. The third manuscript explores how staff at an autism service provider support autonomy for the Autistic participants with ID and what knowledge, skills, and abilities they and the Autistic participants need to promote greater autonomy.

This dissertation contributes new knowledge on supporting Autistic people, including those with ID, to be more self-determined. This work has implications for researchers, professionals, clinicians, disability support workers, and other autism practitioners. This work contributes to methodological and ethical discussions about conducting research with Autistic adults with ID.
Ecological Effects of Higher Water Temperature in Experimental Montane Streams
Creators: Mercer, Benjamin DJ
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Montane rivers are some of the most pristine water sources on earth, providing a wide variety of ecosystem services to downstream regions. However, these cold-water ecosystems are at risk due to climatic warming and other anthropogenic impacts. Importantly, they are potentially being impacted by disproportionately higher rates of warming when compared to those at lower elevations. Thus, I experimentally tested for the effects of elevated water temperatures on benthic communities by constructing and heating mountain-fed stream mesocosms. The experimental design consisted of 12 three-meter-long high density polyethylene troughs, which were each modified to simulate flowing headwaters. Attached algal biofilms and macroinvertebrate communities were each sampled three times during the 28-day experiment. High performance liquid chromatography of concentrated algal pigment collections from the experiment was used to quantify the effects of heating on primary producers. My results revealed no significant effects of warming on chlorophyll-inferred algal biomass. However, there was some evidence that algal community composition in the heated mesocosms had diverged from controls by the end of the experiment. Macroinvertebrate samples were taxonomical analysed using the morphological species concept and light microscopy. The effects of environmental warming on the abundance, taxonomic richness and community composition of benthic macroinvertebrates were all non-significant. My findings support other evidence of species composition rather than more robust functional aggregate properties (e.g. primary and secondary production) of aquatic algal communities being among the most sensitive and earliest responders to ecosystem stress. This cost-effective experimental stream facility provides an opportunity for testing future hypotheses regarding the direct and interactive effects of warming and other stressor (e.g., exotic sportfish introductions) on mountain stream ecosystems.
Addiction in relation to occupation through the lens of the human subsystems : a scoping review
Creators: name: Häfner, Anna
name: Cameron, Josh
name: Jonsson, Hans
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2022
Subjects: Addiction
Occupational Science
Scoping review
362: Gesundheits- und Sozialdienste

description: Introduction: Research about the dark side of occupations is needed to conceptualise the complex and multidimensional nature of occupation. Addiction, as a worldwide phenomenon, has been investigated through occupational perspectives. However, there is limited research about how far occupational science and occupational therapy have considered addiction in relation to occupation. 

Method: A critical realist scoping review of the current occupational science and occupational therapy literature was conducted. The study applied the methodological framework from Arksey and O’Malley. The human subsystems were used as a lens to evaluate the findings. 

Results: 25 articles were identified, and the data could be allocated to all subsystems. The findings revealed that negative and positive aspects of addiction occur simultaneously but with negative impacts tending to dominate where addiction grows. As research has proved before, addiction can be labelled as an occupation. The analysis through the subsystems has shown that overtime, addiction can become an ‘overtaking occupation’ consuming all time, energy and resources. The subsystems were appropriate for analysing addiction and have reviewed new insights. 

Conclusion: Further research about its usability in research for exploring occupation is recommended. An investigation of the scope of every subsystem is needed to improve its applicability. Labelling occupation as neither solely positive nor negative is central to open the view for non-western perspectives and investigate occupations’ complex relation to health. This study proposed that the newly identified concept of an ‘overtaking occupation’ can help inform occupational strategies to support people with addiction related challenges.
Evolution of the mass, size, and star formation rate in high-redshift merging galaxies MIRAGE - A new sample of simulations with detailed stellar feedback
Creators: name: Perret, V.
name: Renaud, F.
name: Epinat, B.
name: Amram, P.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Contini, T.
name: Teyssier, R.
name: Lambert, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at addressing the questions related to galaxy mass assembly through major and minor wet merging processes in the redshift range 1
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted in A&A
Additional file 1 of Microcirculatory alterations in critically ill COVID-19 patients analyzed using artificial intelligence
Creators: name: Hilty, Matthias Peter
name: Favaron, Emanuele
name: Wendel Garcia, Pedro David
name: Ahiska, Yavuz
name: Uz, Zuhre
name: Akin, Sakir
name: Flick, Moritz
name: Arbous, Sesmu
name: Hofmaenner, Daniel A.
name: Saugel, Bernd
name: Endeman, Henrik
name: Schuepbach, Reto Andreas
name: Ince, Can
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information.
Micoureus constantiae
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Micoureus
Micoureus constantiae

description: Micoureus constantiae (Thomas, 1904). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1903(2):243 [1904]. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Mato Grosso, "Chapada." DISTRIBUTION: E Bolivia and adjacent Brazil south into N Argentina. SYNONYMS: budini Thomas, 1920.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
Assessing the Regional Biological and Chemical Exposure Risk of Pacific Salmonids to Agricultural Cropland Practices
Creators: name: Schmitter, Sydney
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vulnerability Assessment
subject: Pacific Salmonid
subject: Salmonid
subject: Salmon
subject: Agriculture
subject: Cropland Agriculture
subject: Pesticide
subject: Fertilizer
subject: Biological and Chemical Exposure
subject: Impact of Pesticide and Fertilizer on Salmonid
subject: Pacific Salmonid Vulnerability Assessment

description: A vulnerability assessment is a science-driven policy tool that enables practitioners in salmonid conservation to identify the relative threat level of individual salmonid DPSs. Existing vulnerability assessments focus on the threats posed to Pacific salmonids by urban land use and climate change, but there is a need to assess present and future threats from agricultural land use practices. Here I identify both an index that quantifies exposure risk to agricultural lands which may pose threats for juvenile Pacific salmonids and a methodology to analyze threats to freshwater habitat by fertilizer and pesticide (herbicide, insecticide, fungicide) pollution. This project characterized the exposure risk, a component of vulnerability, of all 30 ESA-listed DPSs of anadromous Pacific salmon and steelhead to agricultural cropland use, with particular consideration of biological and chemical threats from pesticide and fertilizer use. Novel geospatial analysis approaches reveal a range of exposure risks of Pacific salmonid DPS freshwater stream habitat to pesticide and fertilizer pollution from agricultural croplands, with concentrations of high-exposure risk DPSs in the Central Valley of California and the Interior Columbia River recovery domain. These findings support efforts to characterize Pacific salmonid exposure to agricultural land use externalities as part of a larger vulnerability assessment.
The BFKL equation, Mueller-Navelet jets and single-valued harmonic polylogarithms
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Duhr, Claude
name: Pennington, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generating function for the coefficients of the leading logarithmic BFKL Green's function in transverse-momentum space, order by order in alpha_s, in terms of single-valued harmonic polylogarithms. As an application, we exhibit fully analytic azimuthal-angle and transverse-momentum distributions for Mueller-Navelet jet cross sections at each order in alpha_s. We also provide a generating function for the total cross section valid to any number of loops.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures. v2: added one table, various explanatory remarks, and corrected typos
ETUDE EXPLORATOIRE DES CROYANCES ET COMPORTEMENTS SUPERSTITIEUX CHEZ LES FOOTBALLEURS A BRAZZAVILLE, CONGO
Creators: name: LITOTO PAMBOU Lucien
name: ELENGA Hygin Bellarmin
name: MAGEMA Joachim
name: LOUFOUA-LEMAY Emile Didier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Les comportements et rituels superstitieux dans le sport sont peu documentés en Afrique subsaharienne. Cette étude visait à apprécier la fréquence des croyances et comportements superstitieux chez les footballeurs congolais, d’en déterminer et analyser les facteurs psychosociologiques déterminants. L’enquête, réalisée à Brazzaville de février à juin 2024, a inclus 54 footballeurs de première division de la Ligue de Brazzaville. Des entretiens semi-directifs individuels, de durée 30-45 minutes, ont été menés auprès de ces sportifs, en s’appuyant sur un guide d’entretien élaboré sur la base du questionnaire sur les rites superstitieux de Flanagan. Les résultats montrent que les superstitions étaient davantage verbales que non verbales. La famille et les coéquipiers étaient à l’origine de l’adoption de ces croyances, et elles étaient plutôt utilisées avant et au cours des matchs. De plus, la diminution de ces rituels et pratiques superstitieux avec le niveau de pratique a été épinglée. Enfin, ces comportements étaient censés améliorer la motivation, mais pas la performance technico-tactique. Cependant, des études supplémentaires méritent d’être menées dans le contexte congolais afin d’intégrer les données obtenues dans le coaching des équipes pour améliorer les performances.
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of an add-on guided internet-based emotion regulation training (E-TRAIN) in adolescents with depressive and/or anxiety disorders: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Emmelkamp, Julie
name: Wisman, Marike A
name: Beuk, Nico JM
name: Stikkelbroek, Yvonne AJ
name: Nauta, Maaike H
name: Dekker, Jack JM
name: Christ, Carolien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. English translation of the self-developed COVID-19 Questionnaire.
Quantum corrections to scalar field dynamics in a slow-roll space-time
Creators: name: Herranen, Matti
name: Markkanen, Tommi
name: Tranberg, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of a quantum scalar field in the background of a slow-roll inflating Universe. We compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the field and Friedmann equation of motion, in both a 1PI and a 2PI expansion, to leading order in slow-roll. Generalizing the works of [1-3], we then solve these equations to compute the effect on the primordial power spectrum, for the case of a self-interacting inflaton and a self-interacting spectator field. We find that for the inflaton the corrections are negligible due to the smallness of the coupling constant despite the large IR enhancement of the loop contributions. For a curvaton scenario, on the other hand, we find tension in using the 1PI loop corrections, which may indicate that the quantum corrections could be non-perturbatively large in this case, thus requiring resummation.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure. Version published in JHEP
Adolescents' Experiences of Self-Compassion when Navigating Difficult Friendship Dissolutions
Creators: Feltis, Lindsey
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Among adolescents, the ending of a close friendship may be a source of significant psychological distress. Considering the potentially adverse sequalae of friendship dissolutions, it is crucial to gain an understanding of strategies and practices that adolescents can employ to cope with such adversity. One such strategy that merits attention is self-compassion, as it has been linked to several outcomes that may be relevant among adolescents experiencing the difficult termination of a close friendship. However, there is a significant gap in the literature regarding self-compassion in the context of friendship loss. To help address this gap, the purpose of the present qualitative study was to understand the meaning and experiences of self-compassion among adolescents who had experienced difficult friendship dissolutions. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to explore the role self-compassion played in adolescents’ experiences of recovering from one of their close friendships ending. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five adolescents across Canada and data analysis revealed six key themes: (a) focusing on the positive, (b) developing and strengthening one’s sense of self, (c) soothing the body and mind, (d) connecting with and expressing emotions, (e) reaching out and connecting with others, and (f) reflecting on friendship. Implications for counselling, study limitations, and suggested directions for future research are included.
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of an add-on guided internet-based emotion regulation training (E-TRAIN) in adolescents with depressive and/or anxiety disorders: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Emmelkamp, Julie
name: Wisman, Marike A
name: Beuk, Nico JM
name: Stikkelbroek, Yvonne AJ
name: Nauta, Maaike H
name: Dekker, Jack JM
name: Christ, Carolien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. English translation of the self-developed Life Events Questionnaire.
Micoureus demerarae
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Micoureus
Micoureus demerarae

description: Micoureus demerarae (Thomas, 1905). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 16:313. TYPE LOCALITY: Guyana, East Demerara-West Coast Berbice, "Comaccka, 80 miles up Demerara River." DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, Brazil, and E Paraguay. SYNONYMS: areniticola Tate, 1931; cinerea Temminck, 1824; domina Thomas, 1920; esmeraldae Tate, 1931; limae Thomas, 1920; meridae Tate, 1931; paraguayana Tate, 1931; pfrimeri Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936; travassosi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936. COMMENTS: Previously known as Marmosa cinerea; cinerea preoccupied by D. cinerea Goldfuss, 1812.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
Landau's statistical mechanics for quasiparticle models
Creators: name: Bannur, Vishnu M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Landau's formalism of statistical mechanics \cite{la.1} is applied to the quasiparticle model of quark gluon plasma. It is a general formalism and consistent with our earlier studies \cite{ba.1} based on Pathria's formalism \cite{pa.1}. Both the formalism are consistent with thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Under certain conditions, which are wrongly called thermodynamic consistent relation, we recover other formalism of quasiparticle system \cite{go.1}, widely studied in quark gluon plasma.
description: 7 pages, article, revised version
Advancing Our Understanding of Speech Motor Control Through an Investigation of Intermuscular Coherence in Typical Speakers
Creators: Reed, Alesha
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

There is a need to characterize intermuscular coherence (IMC) in selected muscles of the speech mechanism in order to establish its utility as a tool to study speech motor control. IMC is a correlation in the frequency domain that provides information about whether two signals (i.e., electromyographic (EMG)) are firing at the same frequency.  Two muscles firing across the same frequency spectrum are thought to be receiving the same neural signaling or common neural drive. IMC measurements remain a largely unused method for studying speech motor control. However, initial studies using IMC to describe muscle activity in muscles of the speech mechanism suggest that this measurement may be sensitive to certain non-speech and speech requirements.  Questions remain about IMC sensitivity to various speaking demands across the lifespan.

In the first two studies, I compared the effects of lung volume, laryngeal demands, articulatory complexity, and cognitive linguistic demands on IMC in the respiratory (Study 1) and articulatory (Study 2) subsystems. Studies involved secondary analysis of surface electromyography (EMG) recordings from the intercostals, obliques, and orbicularis oris in healthy younger and older adults to determine the presence of task- or age-related differences in IMC. These data also included acoustic and respiratory kinematic recordings to provide context for IMC findings.  In Study 3, intercostal and oblique IMC measurements on four tasks were compared across children, adolescents, younger adults, and older adults to investigate whether established developmental patterns of respiratory kinematics would be accompanied by age-related differences in IMC.

This work adds to a growing body of literature supporting the utility of IMC in the study of speech motor control. In all three studies, the results revealed several differences in IMC

values across the lifespan as well as key task-related differences within the respiratory and articulatory subsystems. The dissertation concludes with a summary of these findings, as well as a discussion of the limitations and future research directions.
Wildfire Fuel Mapping with Convolutional Neural Networks for Remote Automated Exposure Assessment
Creators: Bennett, Liam
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

While beneficial to the natural environment in many cases, wildfires become hazardous when they intersect with the built environment. As such, there is an ongoing effort to understand the fire environment, the fuels it contains, and the way that wildfire interacts with the built environment. In particular, communities and structures in the wildland urban interface (WUI) are often assessed to determine their exposure to wildfire ignition processes. Exposure assessment workflows at both scales require the identification and classification of hazard fuels. Thus, a method is presented for the remote automated detection of hazardous wildfire fuels and the application of fuel detections to community and structure scale exposure assessments. The outputs of the automated processes are intended to supplement rather than replace existing practices and form a preliminary basis of information that is both simple and rapid to collect, process, and interpret.

Two workflows are devised to detect and classify large overstory trees from RGB imagery in the boreal, rocky mountain, and foothill natural regions of Alberta, Canada. The first workflow considers remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS), are used to collect RGB imagery. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained to detect trees in the overstory and to classify them as coniferous, deciduous, or snags. F1-scores reach 74.5% for tree detection and achieves classification F1-scores of 97.3%, 94.4%, and 90.9% for coniferous, deciduous, and snag classes respectively.

The second workflow uses RGB satellite imagery to detect individual trees using a second trained CNN. An R2 of 0.76 is achieved comparing automated tree detection density to manual annotation density. A k-means clustering algorithm is used to determine winter ‘leaf-off’ imagery and classify trees as ‘green-in-winter’ or ‘brown-in-winter’, an indication of coniferous or deciduous trees. Classifications from satellite imagery reach an F1-score of 0.82.

Finally, tree detections and classifications from the RPAS model are visualized around a structure in the context of a FireSmart home assessment, and it is discussed how the workflow could be used to provide informative maps of tree vegetation around a structure. At a community scale, fuel maps derived from the satellite tree detection and classification workflow are used in an existing community exposure assessment workflow to explore how fuel maps generated in this manner may be applied.
Additional file 1 of When cultural values meets professional values: a qualitative study of chinese nurses’ attitudes and experiences concerning death
Creators: name: Tu, Jiong
name: Shen, Manxuan
name: Li, Ziying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
STEMCEL - The STEM Career Exploration Laboratory Network (RCN-UBE Introduction)
Creators: name: Saxena, Anjana
name: Basil, Jennifer
name: Nur-E-Kamal, Alam
name: Cheng, Zhongqi
name: Samaroo, Diana
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: In the STEMCEL network, we propose to synergize students’ learning and training while addressing community issues, where student-driven, course-based, research projects will deliver/develop rapid testing tools to identify environmental toxins/pollutants.
Nonperturbative renormalization-group approach to fermion systems in the two-particle-irreducible effective action formalism
Creators: name: Dupuis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a nonperturbative renormalization-group (NPRG) approach to fermion systems in the two-particle-irreducible (2PI) effective action formalism, based on an exact RG equation for the Luttinger-Ward functional. This approach enables us to describe phases with spontaneously broken symmetries while satisfying the Mermin-Wagner theorem. We show that it is possible to choose the Hartree-Fock--RPA theory as initial condition of the RG flow and argue that the 2PI-NPRG is not restricted to the weak-coupling limit. An expansion of the Luttinger-Ward functional about the minimum of the 2PI effective action including only the two-particle 2PI vertex leads to nontrivial RG equations where interactions between fermions and collective excitations naturally emerge.
description: v1) 22 pages, 6 figures, v2) typos corrected, references added
Mesoscopic behavior from microscopic Markov dynamics and its application to calcium release channels
Creators: name: Christian, Nils
name: Skupin, Alexander
name: Morante, Silvia
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Rossi, Giancarlo
name: Ebenhöh, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A major challenge in biology is to understand how molecular processes determine phenotypic features. We address this fundamental problem in a class of model systems by developing a general mathematical framework that allows the calculation of mesoscopic properties from the knowledge of microscopic Markovian transition probabilities. We show how exact analytic formulae for the first and second moments of resident time distributions in mesostates can be derived from microscopic resident times and transition probabilities even for systems with a large number of microstates. We apply our formalism to models of the inositol trisphosphate receptor, which plays a key role in generating calcium signals triggering a wide variety of cellular responses. We demonstrate how experimentally accessible quantities, such as opening and closing times and the coefficient of variation of inter-spike intervals, and other, more elaborated, quantities can be analytically calculated from the underlying microscopic Markovian dynamics. A virtue of our approach is that we do not need to follow the detailed time evolution of the whole system, as we derive the relevant properties of its steady state without having to take into account the often extremely complicated transient features. We emphasize that our formulae fully agree with results obtained by stochastic simulations and approaches based on a full determination of the microscopic system's time evolution. We also illustrate how experiments can be devised to discriminate between alternative molecular models of the inositol trisphosphate receptor. The developed approach is applicable to any system described by a Markov process and, owing to the analytic nature of the resulting formulae, provides an easy way to characterize also rare events that are of particular importance to understand the intermittency properties of complex dynamic systems.
Micoureus regina
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Micoureus
Micoureus regina

description: Micoureus regina (Thomas, 1898). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 2:274. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, Cundinamarca, "West Cundinamarca (Bogotd Region)." DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, Ecuador, Perù, and Bolivia. SYNONYMS: germana Thomas, 1904; mapiriensis Tate, 1931; parda Tate, 1931; perplexa Anthony, 1922; phaea Thomas, 1899; rapposa Thomas, 1899; rutteri Thomas, 1924.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
Directly Imaged L-T Transition Exoplanets in the Mid-Infrared
Creators: name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Skrutskie, Michael F.
name: Leisenring, Jarron M.
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Saumon, Didier
name: Bailey, Vanessa P.
name: Briguglio, Runa
name: Defrere, Denis
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Hill, John M.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Xompero, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas-giant planets emit a large fraction of their light in the mid-infrared ($\gtrsim$3$μ$m), where photometry and spectroscopy are critical to our understanding of the bulk properties of extrasolar planets. Of particular importance are the L and M-band atmospheric windows (3-5$μ$m), which are the longest wavelengths currently accessible to ground-based, high-contrast imagers. We present binocular LBT AO images of the HR 8799 planetary system in six narrow-band filters from 3-4$μ$m, and a Magellan AO image of the 2M1207 planetary system in a broader 3.3$μ$m band. These systems encompass the five known exoplanets with luminosities consistent with L$\rightarrow$T transition brown dwarfs. Our results show that the exoplanets are brighter and have shallower spectral slopes than equivalent temperature brown dwarfs in a wavelength range that contains the methane fundamental absorption feature (spanned by the narrowband filters and encompassed by the broader 3.3$μ$m filter). For 2M1207 b, we find that thick clouds and non-equilibrium chemistry caused by vertical mixing can explain the object's appearance. For the HR 8799 planets, we present new models that suggest the atmospheres must have patchy clouds, along with non-equilibrium chemistry. Together, the presence of a heterogeneous surface and vertical mixing presents a picture of dynamic planetary atmospheres in which both horizontal and vertical motions influence the chemical and condensate profiles.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Monodelphis Burnett 1830
Creators: name: Gardner, Alfred L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae
Monodelphis

description: Monodelphis Burnett, 1830. Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Art., 1829:351 [1830]. TYPE SPECIES: Monodelphis brachyura Burnett, 1830 (= Didelphis brevicaudata Erxleben, 1777) by subsequent designation (Matschie, 1916). SYNONYMS: Hemiurus Gervais, 1855; Microdelphys Burmeister, 1856; Minuania Cabrera, 1919; Monodelphiops Matschie, 1916; Peramys Lesson, 1842.
description: Published as part of Alfred L. Gardner, 1993, Order Didelphimorphia, pp. 15-23 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353070
description: {"references": ["Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Weygandianis, Lipsiae, 636 pp.", "Matschie, P. 1916. Bemerkungen uber die Gattung Didelphis L. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1916 (1): 259 - 272."]}
Shedding new light on a core concept: Elucidating the roles of photoreceptors in the Arabidopsis circadian rhythm using phenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics
Creators: Lummer, Christina L
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Plants use external environmental cues such as light and temperature to optimally adjust a wide range of biological responses. Synchronization of the internal circadian rhythm to the solar light/dark cycle (entrainment) provides a fitness advantage as plants can ensure that their growth and developmental processes are occurring at the correct time of day and year. This is facilitated by the circadian clock, which in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, is comprised of several core clock genes that form transcriptional-translational feedback loops to time molecular events within the 24h photoperiod. Photoreceptors are a critical component of daily event timing as they are the proteins responsible for transmitting the perception of light to the circadian clock. There are four classes of photoreceptors: phytochromes (PHYA-E), cryptochromes (CRY1, 2, and 3), and the light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain that encompasses the phototropins (PHOT1 and 2), and the ZTL/FKF1/LKP2 group. To date, studies conducted using Arabidopsis thaliana have largely employed an on/off experimental photoperiod regime in which experimental lights are turned off and on at a set time. This is unlike the environmental solar cycle where there are dawn/dusk periods that allow for gradual light intensity/quality changes into daytime and night-time. Correspondingly, most of what is known about photoreceptor roles and light perception has been elucidated using these on/off regimes, leaving a large gap in knowledge as to how photoreceptors function under more natural light conditions. Using a combination of phenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, the results presented here aim to better define the role of photoreceptors and their diel impacts on the molecular environment.
Indirect Searches for Decaying Dark Matter
Creators: name: Ibarra, Alejandro
name: Tran, David
name: Weniger, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous observations point towards the existence of an unknown elementary particle with no electromagnetic interactions, a large population of which was presumably produced in the early stages of the history of the Universe. This so-called dark matter has survived until the present day, accounting for the 26% of the present energy budget of the Universe. It remains an open question whether the particles comprising the dark matter are absolutely stable or whether they have a finite but very long lifetime, which is a possibility since there is no known general principle guaranteeing perfect stability. In this article we review the observational limits on the lifetime of dark matter particles with mass in the GeV-TeV range using observations of the cosmic fluxes of antimatter, gamma-rays and neutrinos. We also examine some theoretically motivated scenarios that provide decaying dark matter candidates.
description: 47 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. Invited review for the International Journal of Modern Physics A. Matches published version
Additional file 1 of PARP1-MGMT complex underpins pathway crosstalk in O6-methylguanine repair
Creators: name: Cropper, Jodie D.
name: Alimbetov, Dauren S.
name: Brown, Kevin T. G.
name: Likhotvorik, Rostislav I.
name: Robles, Andrew J.
name: Guerra, James T.
name: He, Boxue
name: Chen, Yidong
name: Kwon, Youngho
name: Kurmasheva, Raushan T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures S1, S2, S3, and Methods.