cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A high-density relativistic reflection origin for the soft and hard X-ray excess emission from Mrk 1044
Creators: name: Mallick, Labani
name: Alston, William N.
name: Parker, Michael L.
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Pinto, Ciro
name: Dewangan, Gulab C.
name: Markowitz, Alex
name: Gandhi, Poshak
name: Kembhavi, Ajit K.
name: Misra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from a detailed spectral-timing analysis of a long ($\sim$130 ks) XMM-Newton observation and quasi-simultaneous NuSTAR and Swift observations of the highly-accreting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 1044. The broadband (0.3$-$50 keV) spectrum reveals the presence of a strong soft X-ray excess emission below $\sim$1.5 keV, iron K$_α$ emission complex at $\sim$6$-$7 keV and a `Compton hump' at $\sim$15$-$30 keV. We find that the relativistic reflection from a high-density accretion disc with a broken power-law emissivity profile can simultaneously explain the soft X-ray excess, highly ionized broad iron line and the Compton hump. At low frequencies ($[2-6]\times10^{-5}$ Hz), the power-law continuum dominated 1.5$-$5 keV band lags behind the reflection dominated 0.3$-$1 keV band, which is explained with a combination of propagation fluctuation and Comptonization processes, while at higher frequencies ($[1-2]\times10^{-4}$ Hz), we detect a soft lag which is interpreted as a signature of X-ray reverberation from the accretion disc. The fractional root-mean-squared (rms) variability of the source decreases with energy and is well described by two variable components: a less variable relativistic disc reflection and a more variable direct coronal emission. Our combined spectral-timing analyses suggest that the observed broadband X-ray variability of Mrk~1044 is mainly driven by variations in the location or geometry of the optically thin, hot corona.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables, Published in MNRAS
Congruence of multilinear forms
Creators: name: Belitskii, Genrich R.
name: Sergeichuk, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A69

description: It is known that if A and B are two n-by-n complex matrices and (A,A^T) is simultaneously equivalent to (B,B^T), then A is congruent to B. We extend this statement to multilinear forms.
description: 16 pages
Radio-over-fiber using an optical antenna based on Rydberg states of atoms
Creators: name: Deb, A. B.
name: Kjærgaard, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an experimental demonstration of a direct fiber-optic link for RF transmission ("radio-over-fiber") using a sensitive optical antenna based on a rubidium vapor cell. The scheme relies on measuring the transmission of laser light at an electromagnetically-induced transparency resonance that involves highly-excited Rydberg states. By dressing pairs of Rydberg states using microwave fields that act as local oscillators, we encoded RF signals in the optical frequency domain. The light carrying the information is linked via a virtually lossless optical fiber to a photodetector where the signal is retrieved. We demonstrate a signal bandwidth in excess of 1 MHz limited by the available coupling laser power and optical density. Our sensitive, non-metallic and readily scalable optical antenna for microwaves allows extremely low-levels of optical power ($\sim 1\, μ$W) throughput in the fiber-optic link. It offers a promising future platform for emerging wireless network infrastructures.
Организация противопожарного устройства насаждений, формирующихся на бывших сельскохозяйственных угодьях
Creators: name: Залесов Сергей Вениаминович
name: Магасумова Альфия Гаптрауфовна
name: Новоселова Надежда Николаевна
Publisher: name: Вестник Алтайского государственного аграрного университета
Year: 2010
Subjects: МОЛОДНЯКИ
ЖИВОЙ НАПОЧВЕННЫЙ ПОКРОВ
НАПОЧВЕННЫЕ ГОРЮЧИЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ
ПРОТИВОПОЖАРНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО
МИНЕРАЛИЗОВАННЫЕ ПОЛОСЫ
YOUNG GROWTH
FIELD LAYER
OVER-GROUND FUEL
FIRE PREVENTION ARRANGEMENT
MINERALIZED STRIPS

description: На основании натурных обследований бывших сельскохозяйственных угодий определена динамика надземной фитомассы живого напочвенного покрова и предложены мероприятия по противопожарному устройству молодняков, сформировавшихся на бывших пашнях, сенокосах и пастбищах.
Personalized Machine Learning for Robot Perception of Affect and Engagement in Autism Therapy
Creators: name: Rudovic, Ognjen
name: Lee, Jaeryoung
name: Dai, Miles
name: Schuller, Bjorn
name: Picard, Rosalind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots have great potential to facilitate future therapies for children on the autism spectrum. However, existing robots lack the ability to automatically perceive and respond to human affect, which is necessary for establishing and maintaining engaging interactions. Moreover, their inference challenge is made harder by the fact that many individuals with autism have atypical and unusually diverse styles of expressing their affective-cognitive states. To tackle the heterogeneity in behavioral cues of children with autism, we use the latest advances in deep learning to formulate a personalized machine learning (ML) framework for automatic perception of the childrens affective states and engagement during robot-assisted autism therapy. The key to our approach is a novel shift from the traditional ML paradigm - instead of using 'one-size-fits-all' ML models, our personalized ML framework is optimized for each child by leveraging relevant contextual information (demographics and behavioral assessment scores) and individual characteristics of each child. We designed and evaluated this framework using a dataset of multi-modal audio, video and autonomic physiology data of 35 children with autism (age 3-13) and from 2 cultures (Asia and Europe), participating in a 25-minute child-robot interaction (~500k datapoints). Our experiments confirm the feasibility of the robot perception of affect and engagement, showing clear improvements due to the model personalization. The proposed approach has potential to improve existing therapies for autism by offering more efficient monitoring and summarization of the therapy progress.
description: The paper has undergone a major revision and its content is outdated
Optimization of the ropeway lines with unified towers
Creators: name: Lagerev, Alexander
name: Lagerev, Igor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: computer program
ropeway
unified tower
optimization
cost

description: The Certificate on official registration of the computer program No. 2017662165 (2017). The computer program is designed to automate optimization calculations of the installation step of unified intermediate towers of a discretely variable height of passenger aerial ropeways for the urban environment of urban agglomerations, megacities and large cities. Using the program, a technical and economic assessment of the optimal step of the installation of towers is carried out depending on the longitudinal slope of the earth's surface and the operating modes of ropeways, at which the cost of construction and installation work, the acquisition of carrying and traction ropes, and the manufacture of metal structures of intermediate towers are minimized. Type of computer: IBM PC-compatible. Language: Pascal. OS: Windows XP and higher. Program size: 285 Kb.
Formally Modeling Autonomous Vehicles in LNT for Simulation and Testing
Creators: name: Marsso, Lina
name: Mateescu, Radu
name: Muller, Lucie
name: Serwe, Wendelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present two behavioral models of an autonomous vehicle and its interaction with the environment. Both models use the formal modeling language LNT provided by the CADP toolbox. This paper discusses the modeling choices and the challenges of our autonomous vehicle models, and also illustrates how formal validation tools can be applied to a single component or the overall vehicle.
description: In Proceedings MARS 2022, arXiv:2203.09299
Molecular dynamics simulation study of water dynamics around synthetic polymer chain in aqueous solution: stereo-regular poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid)
Creators: name: Rai, Gangotree
name: Kurapati, Raviteja
name: Natarajan, Upendra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the influence of tacticity and hydrophobicity on the dynamics of water surrounding uncharged stereoregular poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid). Intermolecular hydrogen bonding, dihedral dynamics of polymer, rotational dynamics, diffusion coefficient, residence time distribution and bridging of water molecules were used to characterise the water dynamics around solutes. The stereochemistry of the polymer chain influenced all of the estimated parameters used to evaluate water dynamics. The presence of hydrophobic moieties in polymer chains influences the rotational and hydrogen bond dynamics of water molecules. Solvation shells of different moieties of polymer chains significantly influence the residence time of bound water molecules. However, some water molecule/s exhibit a longer residence time. The backbone torsion dynamics of polymers considerably influenced the intermolecular hydrogen bond network in the polymer chain. When compared to the diffusion coefficients of water molecules in the second solvation shells and bulk water, the diffusion coefficients of water molecules in the first solvation shell of polymer chains are dramatically altered.
Phi_0 - Periodic Aharonov-Bohm Oscillations Survive Ensemble Averaging
Creators: name: Kamenev, Alex
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have demonstrated that Phi_0 periodic Aharonov--Bohm oscillations measured in a ensemble of rings may survive after ensemble averaging procedure. The central point is the difference between the preparation stage of the ensemble and the subsequent measurement stage. The robustness of the effect under finite temperature and non--zero charging energy of rings is discussed.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, RevTex 3.0,WIS-93/84/Aug.-PH
Analytical Models of Exoplanetary Atmospheres. VI. Full Solutions for Improved Two-stream Radiative Transfer Including Direct Stellar Beam
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Malik, Matej
name: Kitzmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-stream radiative transfer is a workhorse in the Earth, planetary and exoplanetary sciences due to its simplicity and ease of implementation. However, a longstanding limitation of the two-stream approximation is its inaccuracy in the presence of medium-sized or large aerosols. This limitation was lifted by the discovery of the improved two-stream technique, where the accuracy of the scattering greenhouse effect is matched to that of multi-stream calculations by construction. In the present study, we derive the full solutions for improved two-stream radiative transfer, following its introduction by Heng & Kitzmann (2017), and include contributions from the direct stellar beam. The generalization of the original two-stream flux solutions comes in the form of a correction factor, traditionally set to unity, which is the ratio of a pair of first Eddington coefficients. We derive an analytical expression for this correction factor and also provide a simple fitting function for its ease of use by other workers. We prove that the direct stellar beam is associated with a second Eddington coefficient that is on the order of unity. Setting this second Eddington coefficient to 2/3 and $1/\sqrt{3}$ reproduces the Eddington and quadrature closures, respectively, associated with the direct beam. We use our improved two-stream solutions for the fluxes to derive two-stream source function solutions for both the intensity and fluxes.
description: Accepted by ApJS. 8 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, 40 equations
Hydration characteristics of blood-compatible poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) polymer chains at infinite dilution
Creators: name: Yadav, Hari O. S.
name: Chauhan, Ritika
name: Kuo, An-Tsung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Computational Biology

description: PMEA polymer is an excellent non-thrombogenic polymer. Its non-thrombogenicity has been found due to the hydration water of the polymer. When the PMEA polymer comes in contact with water, it forms a complex interface consisting of nanoscale water-rich and polymer-rich domains. To understand the hydration behaviour of PMEA polymer in both domains, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the hydration characteristics of PMEA chains of different lengths at infinite dilution, as well as bulk polymer with experimental equilibrium water content, which are considered relevant to water-rich and polymer-rich domains, respectively. Investigations show that short PMEA chains behave like ideal polymer chains at infinite dilution, despite having a comb-like structure. The probability of water molecules around different oxygens in PMEA chains decreases with increasing chain length, reflecting a reduction in the hydrophilicity of the oxygen sites. Furthermore, the lifetime of hydrogen bonds between water and oxygen sites at infinite dilution is around 1–20 ps. By contrast, lifetimes of hydrogen bonds in the bulk polymer are the order of several hundred ps for alkoxy and methoxy oxygens and ns for carbonyl oxygen. The findings will aid in experimentation and the design of blood-compatible polymers.
Results and Perspectives of Young Stellar Object long look programs
Creators: name: Sciortino, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both Chandra and XMM-Newton have performed long look programs for studying the YSO physics. I will discuss recent results on the controversial issue of Class 0 YSO X-ray emission, the observational evidence of magnetic funnels interconnecting the YSO with its circumstellar disk and the Fe 6.4 keV fluorescent line emission and its origin. While recent results of the XMM-Newton DROXO program challenge the ''standard'' interpretation of the Fe 6.4 line origin as due to photoionized fluorescing disk material, the discovery of X-ray excited Ne 12.81 micron line is a clear evidence of the interaction between X-rays and disk material. Future long look observations with XMM-Newton are required to clarify the X-ray effects on YSO disk.
description: Proceedings of the "XMM-Newton: the next decade", to appear in Astronomische Nachrichten (4 pages and 5 figures)
Sorting of Oligomerized Proteins: Implications in Toxin Trafficking and Quality Control
Creators: name: Venkat, Swati
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Shiga toxin (STx)–producing bacteria including Shigella dysenteria and the shigatoxigenic group of Escherichia coli (STEC) cause severe diarrhea that can develop into life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. STx invades cells by binding to a cell surface receptor and undergoing endocytosis into early endosomes. Instead of subsequent lysosomal degradation, it actively sorts into early endosomal tubules by binding GPP130 (Golgi Phosphoprotein of 130KDa) a cis- Golgi resident integral membrane protein that constitutively cycles between early endosomes and Golgi. This directs the toxin to the Golgi where it continues its retrograde trafficking to exert its cytotoxic effects. Interestingly, elevated, non-toxic levels of manganese (Mn) protect cells from STx induced death via downregulation of GPP130. Mn binds to GPP130 in the Golgi, causes GPP130 to oligomerize/aggregate and the oligomerized protein gets diverted to lysosomes. Surprisingly, based on experiments using the self-interacting FM domain, it appears generally true that oligomerization of a Golgi protein can switch its trafficking itinerary leading to its lysosomal degradation via a GGA1-clathrin dependent pathway. However, how this sorting switch at the Golgi is mediated remains unknown. This has important implications for our understanding of regulation of protein trafficking as well as quality control pertaining to aggregated proteins in the Golgi. Here we provide evidence that Mn-induced exit of GPP130 from the Golgi towards lysosomes is mediated by the sorting receptor, sortilin. Sortilin was found to interact with GPP130 in cells within a ~50 residue stretch of the GPP130 lumenal stem domain. Interestingly, Mn induced turnover of another Golgi membrane protein, TMEM165 was also found to be sortilin-dependent. In contrast, FM-induced lysosomal trafficking of GPP130 as well as the Golgi protein galactosyltransferase (GT) was sortilin independent and occurred even in the absence of the native lumenal domain of GT. Thus, sortilin-dependent as well as sortilin-independent sorting mechanisms target aggregated Golgi membrane proteins for lysosomal degradation.
Exact Results for Diffusion-Limited Reactions with Synchronous Dynamics
Creators: name: Privman, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is introduced allowing to solve exactly the reactions A+A->inert and A+A->A on the 1D lattice with synchronous diffusional dynamics (simultaneous hopping of all particles). Exact connections are found relating densities and certain correlation properties of these two reactions at all times. Asymptotic behavior at large times as well as scaling form describing the regime of low initial density, are derived explicitly.
description: 12 pages in plain TeX
Retrieving nonlinear refractive index of nanocomposites using finite-difference time-domain simulations
Creators: name: Panov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, it is proposed a method which utilizes three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of light propagation for restoring the effective Kerr nonlinearity of nanocomposite media. In this approach, a dependence of the phase shift of the transmitted light on the input irradiance is exploited. The reconstructed values of the real parts of the nonlinear refractive index of a structure of randomly arranged spheres are in good agreement with the predictions of the effective medium approximations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Restricted Supergauge invariance, N=2 Coadjoint Orbit and N=2 Quantum Supergravity
Creators: name: Sabra, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the N=2 superconformal transformations are restricted N=1 supergauge transformations of a supergauge theory with Osp(2,2) as a gauge group. Based on this result, a canonical derivation of the Osp(2,2) current algebra in the superchiral gauge formulation of N=2 supergravity is presented.
description: 20 pages
RETURN To an Order of the House shewing the cost incidental to the Commission for Revising the Statutes, and stating in detail the amount paid to each Commissioner from the commencement of the work up to the present date, and amounts paid for clerical assistance, and to whom, and the amounts still due, if any.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Empirical transverse charge densities in the nucleon and the nucleon-to-$Δ$ transition
Creators: name: Carlson, C. E.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using only the current empirical information on the nucleon electromagnetic form factors we map out the transverse charge density in proton and neutron as viewed from a light front moving towards a transversely polarized nucleon. These charge densities are characterized by a dipole pattern, in addition to the monopole field corresponding with the unpolarized density. Furthermore, we use the latest empirical information on the $N \to Δ$ transition form factors to map out the transition charge density which induces the $N \to Δ$ excitation. This transition charge density in a transversely polarized $N$ and $Δ$ contains both monopole, dipole and quadrupole patterns, the latter corresponding with a deformation of the hadron's charge distribution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Magnetized Plasma Target for Plasma-Jet-Driven Magneto-Inertial Fusion
Creators: name: Hsu, Scott C.
name: Langendorf, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the desired characteristics and parameters of a beta>1 magnetized plasma, possibly with highly tangled, open field lines, that could be a suitable target to be compressed to fusion conditions by a spherically imploding plasma liner [S. C. Hsu et al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40, 1287 (2012)] formed by merging hypersonic plasma jets. This concept is known as plasma-jet-driven magneto-inertial fusion (PJMIF). We set requirements on the target and liner such that (a) compressional heating dominates over thermal transport in the target, and (b) magnetic amplification due to compression dominates over dissipation over the entire implosion. We also evaluate the requirements to avoid drift-instability-induced anomalous transport and current-driven anomalous resistivity in the target. Next, we describe possible approaches to create such a magnetized, beta>1 plasma target. Finally, assuming such a target can be created, we evaluate the feasibility of a proof-of-concept experiment using presently achievable plasma jets to demonstrate target compressional heating at a plasma-liner kinetic energy of
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Journal of Fusion Energy
On the automorphism groups of q-enveloping algebras of nilpotent Lie algebras
Creators: name: Launois, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the automorphism group of the quantised enveloping algebra U of the positive nilpotent part of certain simple complex Lie algebras g in the case where the deformation parameter q \in \mathbb{C}^* is not a root of unity. Studying its action on the set of minimal primitive ideals of U we compute this group in the cases where g=sl_3 and g=so_5 confirming a Conjecture of Andruskiewitsch and Dumas regarding the automorphism group of U. In the case where g=sl_3, we retrieve the description of the automorphism group of the quantum Heisenberg algebra that was obtained independently by Alev and Dumas, and Caldero. In the case where g=so_5, the automorphism group of U was computed in [16] by using previous results of Andruskiewitsch and Dumas. In this paper, we give a new (simpler) proof of the Conjecture of Andruskiewitsch and Dumas in the case where g=so_5 based both on the original proof and on graded arguments developed in [17] and [18].
description: 19p
Some Results on Classical Semantics and Polymorphic Types
Creators: name: Gunther, William J.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the first chapter we consider the simply typed-calculus over one ground type with a discriminator which distinguishes terms, augmented additionally with an existential quantifier and a description operator, all of lowest type.
Intertwined effects of pairing and deformation on neutron halos in magnesium isotopes
Creators: name: Nakada, H.
name: Takayama, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter radii of the $^{34-40}$Mg nuclei are investigated by self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov calculations assuming the axial symmetry. With the semi-realistic M3Y-P6 interaction, the $N$-dependence of the matter radii observed in the experiments is reproduced excellently. Both the pairing and the deformation play significant roles in an intertwined manner. The $^{35}$Mg nucleus has a smaller radius than the neighboring even-$N$ nuclei, which is attributed to its smaller deformation. In contrast, a neutron halo is obtained in $^{37}$Mg. We point out that, in contrast to the pairing anti-halo effect that may operate on the even-$N$ nuclei, the pair correlation enhances halos in odd-$N$ nuclei, owing to the new mechanism which we call \textit{unpaired-particle haloing}. The halo in $^{37}$Mg is predicted to have peanut shape in its intrinsic state, reflecting $p$-wave contribution, as in $^{40}$Mg. The $N$-dependence of the deformation is significant again, by which the single-particle level dominated by the $p$-wave component comes down.
description: 5 pages including 2 figures, to be published in PRC (Rapid Communication)
Effect of a natural fracture on hydraulic fracture propagation
Creators: name: Potluri, Naga Kiran
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Hydraulic fracture
Natural fracture
Induced fracture propagation

description: The effect of an existing fracture in a naturally fractured formation on the extension of a hydraulically induced natural fracture has been studied. Fracture interaction criterion was presented and a numerical model was developed to predict the dynamic fracture dimensions based on PKN³¹ fracture mechanics. The numerical studies of induced fracture propagation in the presence of natural fractures show that natural fractures can have a substantial effect on the induced fracture propagation. Results from our model suggest that one of the main effects of the natural fractures is the width constriction that occurs when the induced fracture propagates into the natural fracture. This is because of the increased resistance to opening when the fracture goes non-planar. Due to the decrease in width the net pressure increases and in some cases the net pressure at the well bore can reach the maximum allowable treating pressure. In the case of induced fracture turning into the natural fracture the fracture penetration distance decreased with increase in differential stress. This is due to the ballooning of the induced fracture once it crosses the natural fracture. A simple numerical model using PKN fracture mechanics has been presented to study the effect of the differential stress and angle of interaction on the geometry of induced fracture. It has been found that the induced fracture tends to cross the natural fracture at high angles of interaction and high differential stress. At low angles of interaction and low differential stress the induced fracture was diverted by the existing natural fracture
Bondi or not Bondi: the impact of resolution on accretion and drag force modelling for Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Beckmann, Ricarda Sylvia
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whilst in galaxy-size simulations, supermassive black holes (SMBH) are entirely handled by sub-grid algorithms, computational power now allows the accretion radius of such objects to be resolved in smaller scale simulations. In this paper, we investigate the impact of resolution on two commonly used SMBH sub-grid algorithms; the Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (BHL) formula for accretion onto a point mass, and the related estimate of the drag force exerted onto a point mass by a gaseous medium. We find that when the accretion region around the black hole scales with resolution, and the BHL formula is evaluated using local mass-averaged quantities, the accretion algorithm smoothly transitions from the analytic BHL formula (at low resolution) to a supply limited accretion (SLA) scheme (at high resolution). However, when a similar procedure is employed to estimate the drag force it can lead to significant errors in its magnitude, and/or apply this force in the wrong direction in highly resolved simulations. At high Mach numbers and for small accretors, we also find evidence of the advective-acoustic instability operating in the adiabatic case, and of an instability developing around the wake's stagnation point in the quasi-isothermal case. Moreover, at very high resolution, and Mach numbers above $\mathcal{M}_\infty \geq 3$, the flow behind the accretion bow shock becomes entirely dominated by these instabilities. As a result, accretion rates onto the black hole drop by about an order of magnitude in the adiabatic case, compared to the analytic BHL formula.
description: 24 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Some Asymptotic Results For Phase Transition Models
Creators: name: Murray, Ryan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This thesis analyzes two types of phase transition models, namely the Cahn-Hilliard model and the Becker-Doring model.
RETURN To an Order of the House for a Return of :-- (a.) The names of all clergymen or ministers of any denomination who are on the list of Justices of the Peace for the Province. (b.) The date of such appointments. (c.) The district for which appointed. (d.) The denomination of such clergymen or ministers.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Wavefunction of a Black Hole and the Dynamical Origin of Entropy
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Frolov, V. P.
name: Zelnikov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was proposed to explain the dynamical origin of the entropy of a black hole by identifying its dynamical degrees of freedom with states of quantum fields propagating in the black-hole's interior. The present paper contains the further development of this approach. The no-boundary proposal (analogous to the Hartle-Hawking no-boundary proposal in quantum cosmology) is put forward for defining the wave function of a black hole. This wave function is a functional on the configuration space of physical fields (including the gravitational one) on the three-dimensional space with the Einstein-Rosen bridge topology.It is shown that in the limit of small perturbations on the Kruskal background geometry the no-boundary wave function coincides with the Hartle-Hawking vacuum state. The invariant definition of inside and outside modes is proposed. The density matrix describing the internal state of a black hole is obtained by averaging over the outside modes. This density matrix is used to define the entropy of a black hole, which is to be divergent. It is argued that the quantum fluctuations of the horizon which are internally present in the proposed formalism may give the necessary cut-off and provide a black hole with the finite entropy.
description: 39 pages, LaTeX misprint is corrected, original text is not modified
Tunneling Aharonov-Bohm interferometer on helical edge states
Creators: name: Niyazov, R. A.
name: Aristov, D. N.
name: Kachorovskii, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss transport through interferometer formed by helical edge states tunnel-coupled to metallic leads. We focus on the experimentally relevant case of relatively high temperature as compared to the level spacing and discuss a response of the setup to the external magnetic flux $ϕ$ (measured in units of flux quantum) piercing the area encompassed by edge states. We demonstrate that tunneling conductance of the interferometer is structureless in ballistic case but shows a sharp antiresonances, as a function of magnetic flux $ϕ$ - with the period 1/2 - in the presence of magnetic impurity. We interpret the resonance behavior as a coherent enhancement of backward scattering off magnetic impurity at integer and half-integer values of flux, which is accompanied by suppression of the effective scattering at other values of flux. Both enhancement and suppression are due to the interference of processes with multiple returns to magnetic impurity after a number of clockwise and counterclockwise revolutions around setup. This phenomenon is similar to the well-known weak-localization-induced enhancement of backscattering in disordered systems. The quantum correction to the tunneling conductance is shown to be proportional to flux-dependent "ballistic Cooperon". The obtained results can be used for flux-tunable control of the magnetic disorder in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers built on helical edge states.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Strong Antigravity. Life in the Shock Wave
Creators: name: Fabbrichesi, M.
name: Roland, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong anti-gravity is the vanishing to all orders in Newton's constant of the net force between two massive particles at rest. We study this phenomenon and show that it occurs in any effective theory of gravity which is obtained from a higher-dimensional model by compactification on a manifold with flat directions. We find the exact solution of the Einstein equations in the presence of a point-like source of strong anti-gravity by dimensional reduction of what is a shock-wave solution in the higher-dimensional model. (Latex file, no macros, figures not included)
description: 33 PAGES
Solid Mechanics Effects in Cryopreservation Via Vitrification
Creators: name: Eisenberg, David Phillip
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Cryopreservation via vitrification is the most promising means for long-term preservation of bulky tissues and organs. While the road to successful cryopreservation is paved with obstacles, of paramount importance is thermo-mechanical stress, which can lead to fracture. In order to model the mechanical stress within a vitrifying domain during cryopreservation, the relevant thermal and mechanical properties must be explored. Toward that end, mechanical properties, such as coefficient of thermal expansion and Young’s modulus were measured in the cryogenic temperature range for a new class of cryoprotective cocktail involving DP6 (a less concentrated variant of VS55 without formamide) combined with synthetic ice modulators. A synthesis of material models and properties, some measured in the current research work and others available from the literature, were incorporated into finite element models in order to model thermo-mechanical stress. An array of representative cases has been selected to investigate the effects of a spectrum of thermal histories on the resultant mechanical stress. In particular, a temperature hold near the glass transition temperature (i.e. annealing) has shown to significantly decrease the amount of mechanical stress. Other representative cases have been used to investigate the effects of volumetric warming on mechanical stress. It was shown that internal heating using a volumetric rewarming method reduces the stress to tolerable levels, even in cases involving high cooling and rewarming rates. Additionally, photoelastic experiments were performed using an in-house proprietary device known as the cryomacroscope. These photoelastic experiments allowed for the in-situ visualization of the stress field in real time. Photoelasticity experiments were used to validate a key finding from finite element analysis presented in this thesis. Finally, a new phenomenon associated with the stress history was discovered, where stresses are seen to increase during rewarming around the glass transition temperature and an explanation was proposed based on the Narayanaswamy model of glasses.
D4.7 Validation and Evaluation Final Report
Creators: name: VitiGEOSS Partners
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document presents the final validation and evaluation results for the Intelligent Services during the third vegetative season (2023). Building upon the initial assessment detailed in deliverable D4.6, this report provides a comprehensive analysis of the 2023 vegetative season, utilizing consistent metrics where applicable to facilitate comparison across the two validation years. Through a combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative feedback from end-users, the report offers valuable insights into the performance of VitiGEOSS services.

The analysis of performance metrics encompasses various aspects, including forecasting vine phenology, monitoring critical crop indicators, providing climate predictions, predicting the onset of vine diseases, delivering precise disease treatment protocols, optimizing resource and task allocation, and evaluating sustainability indicators. Notably, the 2023 season experienced abnormal climatic conditions, which impacted certain results. Despite these challenges, climate forecasts maintained their reliability over the two years of result validation, while phenology forecasts showed slight deviations compared to the 2022 season but remained superior to baseline metrics such as GDD (Growing Degree Days), GFV (Grapevine Flowering Veraison model) and GSR (Grapevine Sugar Ripeness model). Deep Drone service analysis proved to enable precision analysis over the vineyard rows, while key crop indicators affirmed their effectiveness in continuously monitoring the field. Disease forecasting methodology shows promise, but the results lack years of data and require further improvements. Sustainability proved to be a crucial service for tracking information about the field, and business tracking tools have enabled wine growers to optimize vineyard activities efficiently.

This document serves as a valuable tool to validate the outcomes of the previous vegetative season and gather crucial feedback from end-users, further enhancing the refinement of the Intelligent Services. In summary, this report underscores the unwavering commitment of the VitiGEOSS project to support the winemaking community in refining strategies, embracing sustainable practices, and making well-informed decisions throughout the growing season. Through continuous innovation and collaboration, the Intelligent Services developed within the VitiGEOSS project aspire to revolutionize vineyard management and drive the industry towards a more sustainable and prosperous future.
Renormalization Group Approach to Interacting Crumpled Surfaces: The hierarchical recursion
Creators: name: Cassandro, M.
name: Mitter, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling limit of a model of a tethered crumpled D-dimensional random surface interacting through an exclusion condition with a fixed impurity in d-dimensional Euclidean space by the methods of Wilson's renormalization group. In this paper we consider a hierarchical version of the model and we prove rigorously the existence of the scaling limit and convergence to a non-Gaussian fixed point for $1 \leq D< 2$ and $ε>0$ sufficiently small, where $ε= D - (2-D) {d\over 2}$.
description: 47 pages in simple Latex, PAR-LPTHE 9346
On-resonance material fast light
Creators: name: Macke, Bruno
name: Ségard, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically revisit the problem of the propagation of coherent light pulses through a linear medium when the carrier frequency of the pulses coincides with the minimum of a narrow dip in the medium transmission. Considering realistic contrasts between the maximum and minimum transmission of the medium and incident pulses of strictly finite duration, we combine temporal and spectral approaches to obtain analytical expressions of the transmitted pulse that reproduce the main features of the exact numerical solutions derived by fast Fourier transform. A special attention is paid to the advance of the pulse maximum over that of a pulse covering the same distance in vacuum and the ratio of this advance to the pulse duration (fractional advance) is optimized.
Photoreceptor engineering
Creators: name: Ziegler, Thea
name: Möglich, Andreas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: allostery
subject: light
subject: optogenetics
subject: protein engineering
subject: sensory photoreceptor
subject: signal transduction
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Sensory photoreceptors not only control diverse adaptive responses in Nature, but as light-regulated actuators they also provide the foundation for optogenetics, the non-invasive and spatiotemporally precise manipulation of cellular events by light. Novel photoreceptors have been engineered that establish control by light over manifold biological processes previously inaccessible to optogenetic intervention. Recently, photoreceptor engineering has witnessed a rapid development, and light-regulated actuators for the perturbation of a plethora of cellular events are now available. Here, we review fundamental principles of photoreceptors and light-regulated allostery. Photoreceptors dichotomize into associating receptors that alter their oligomeric state as part of light-regulated allostery and non-associating receptors that do not. A survey of engineered photoreceptors pinpoints light-regulated association reactions and order-disorder transitions as particularly powerful and versatile design principles. Photochromic photoreceptors that are bidirectionally toggled by two light colors augur enhanced spatiotemporal resolution and use as photoactivatable fluorophores. By identifying desirable traits in engineered photoreceptors, we provide pointers for the design of future, light-regulated actuators.
Giant Magnetoresistance in Nanogranular Magnets
Creators: name: Glatz, A.
name: Beloborodov, I. S.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the giant magnetoresistance of nanogranular magnets in the presence of an external magnetic field and finite temperature. We show that the magnetization of arrays of nanogranular magnets has hysteretic behaviour at low temperatures leading to a double peak in the magnetoresistance which coalesces at high temperatures into a single peak. We numerically calculate the magnetization of magnetic domains and the motion of domain walls in this system using a combined mean-field approach and a model for an elastic membrane moving in a random medium, respectively. From the obtained results, we calculate the electric resistivity as a function of magnetic field and temperature. Our findings show excellent agreement with various experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
RETURN To an humble Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor praying him to cause to be sent down to this House a Return showing -- (a.) The number of Chinamen who are tenants of the Crown: (b.) Particulars of property occupied, together with the area thereof, and nature of tenure: (c.) Amount of rent and when paid.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Inflation from a nonlinear magnetic monopole field nonminimally coupled to curvature
Creators: name: Otalora, Giovanni
name: Övgün, Ali
name: Saavedra, Joel
name: Videla, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of nonminimally coupled $f(R)$ gravity theories, we study early inflation driven by a nonlinear monopole magnetic field which is nonminimally coupled to curvature. In order to isolate the effects of the nonminimal coupling between matter and curvature we assume the pure gravitational sector to have the Einstein-Hilbert form. Thus, we study the most simple model with a nonminimal coupling function which is linear in the Ricci scalar. From an effective fluid description, we show the existence of an early exponential expansion regime of the Universe, followed by a transition to a radiation-dominated era. In particular, by applying the most recent results of the Planck collaboration we set the limits on the parameter of the nonminimal coupling, and the quotient of the nonminimal coupling and the nonlinear monopole magnetic scales. We found that these parameters must take large values in order to satisfy the observational constraints. Furthermore, by obtaining the relation for the graviton mass, we show the consistency of our results with the recent gravitational wave data GW$170817$ of LIGO and Virgo.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP)
Between Myself and the Context: Navigating a Site-Specific Art Practice
Creators: name: Oreen  Cohen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Art

description: The culminating work of my thesis, “Between a Stone and a Shrine,” presented in April 2014 at the Miller Gallery at Carnegie Mellon University, is contextualized with two of my prior works, “Between You Me and the Wall,” and “Between Icarus and a Phoenix.” These works are further contextualized with relevant autobiographical information. Inspiration is drawn from Walter De Maria’s ideas of meaningless work, and its contrast with Francis Alÿs and his meaningful gestures in public space. My works are then analyzed and compared to Janine Antoni’s bodily relationship to media through physical labor in site-specific practice. By using storyboarding and editing techniques developed by the film directors Federico Fellini and Yael Bartana, immersive installations are refined to create awareness, acceptance and adaptation to entropy in the built environment.