cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Error Field and Correction Coils in DTT: a preliminary analysis
Creators: name: Albanese, Raffaele
name: Bolzonella, Tommaso
name: Chiariello, Andrea G.
name: Cucchiaro, Antonio
name: Iaiunese, Antonio
name: Lampasi, Alessandro
name: Martone, Raffaele
name: Piron, Lidia
name: Pizzuto, Aldo
name: Zumbolo, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility, construction starting at Frascati, Italy, is designed to test different solutions for divertor in view of DEMO. A preliminary analysis of the error fields (EFs) assumed a simplified model of rigid and independent displacements and rotations. A methodology based on the first order truncated Taylor expansion has been applied, linking the displacement parameters and the EFs within the required accuracies. A system of in-vessel copper coils has been designed to counteract EFs and the ampere-turns necessary to force them back within the request limits has been calculated. Here, the details of the analysis have been provided.
Detection of Illegal Kiln Activity During SMOG Period
Creators: name: Nazir, Usman
name: Ather, Muhammad Awais
name: Taj, Murtaza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brick Kilns are known to be a leading cause of air pollution. The toxins and gaseous emissions from brick kilns leads to SMOG. It is a mixture of invisible toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O$_3$), sulphur dioxide (SO$_2$) and particulate matter like soot and carcinogens. We propose how low spatial resolution remote sensing data can be used to identify illegal industrial activity i.e. kiln operation particularly during winter SMOG period through heat signature values and the concentration of gases like CO, NO$_2$, SO$_2$ and O$_3$ in the atmosphere.
The Factory and the Beehive. IV. A Comprehensive Study of the Rotation X-Ray Activity Relation in Praesepe and the Hyades
Creators: name: Covey, K.R.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Bowsher, E.C.
name: Rampalli, R.
name: Douglas, S.T.
name: Nunez, A.
name: Aguhheros, M.A.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Cargile, P.A.
name: Drake, J.J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics
Year: 2022

description: X-ray observations of low-mass stars in open clusters are critical to understanding the dependence of magnetic activity on stellar properties and their evolution. Praesepe and the Hyades, two of the nearest, most-studied open clusters, are among the best available laboratories for examining the dependence of magnetic activity on rotation for stars with masses 21 M . We present an updated study of the rotation-X-ray activity relation in the two clusters. We updated membership catalogs that combine pre-Gaia catalogs with new catalogs based on Gaia Data Release 2. The resulting catalogs are the most inclusive ones for both clusters: 1739 Praesepe and 1315 Hyades stars. We collected X-ray detections for cluster members, for which we analyzed, re-analyzed, or collated data from ROSAT, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and XMM-Newton. We have detections for 326 Praesepe and 462 Hyades members, of which 273 and 164, respectively, have rotation periods - an increase of 6× relative to what was previously available. We find that at ≈700 Myr, only M dwarfs remain saturated in X-rays, with only tentative evidence for supersaturation. We also find a tight relation between the Rossby number and fractional X-ray luminosity L X/L bol in unsaturated single members, suggesting a power-law index between -3.2 and -3.9. Lastly, we find no difference in the coronal parameters between binary and single members. These results provide essential insight into the relative efficiency of magnetic heating of the stars' atmospheres, thereby informing the development of robust age-rotation-activity relations.
First Steps in Twisted Rabinowitz-Floer Homology
Creators: name: Bähni, Yannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Rabinowitz-Floer homology is the Morse-Bott homology in the sense of Floer associated with the Rabinowitz action functional introduced by Kai Cieliebak and Urs Frauenfelder in 2009. In our work, we consider a generalisation of this theory to a Rabinowitz-Floer homology of a Liouville automorphism. As an application, we show the existence of noncontractible periodic Reeb orbits on quotients of symmetric star-shaped hypersurfaces. In particular, our theory applies to lens spaces.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures. Fixed typos and exposition. Improved main result to hold for all even-dimensional lens spaces. Submitted to the Journal of Symplectic Geometry
Low-cost Access to the Deep, High-cadence Sky: the Argus Optical Array
Creators: name: Ratzloff, J.
name: Vasquez, A.
name: Reichart, D.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Cox, S.
name: Quimby, R.
name: Walters, G.
name: Glazier, A.
name: Trilling, D.
name: Eikenberry, S.
name: Clemens, C.
name: Bizon, C.
name: Ackley, K.
name: Gonzalez, R.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Galliher, N.W.
name: Corbett, H.
name: MacHia, L.
name: Mann, A.W.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2022

description: New mass-produced, wide-field, small-aperture telescopes have the potential to revolutionize ground-based astronomy by greatly reducing the cost of collecting area. In this paper, we introduce a new class of large telescope based on these advances: an all-sky, arcsecond-resolution, 1000 telescope array which builds a simultaneously high-cadence and deep survey by observing the entire sky all night. As a concrete example, we describe the Argus Array, a 5 m-class telescope with an all-sky field of view and the ability to reach extremely high cadences using low-noise CMOS detectors. Each 55 GPix Argus exposure covers 20% of the entire sky to m g = 19.6 each minute and m g = 21.9 each hour; a high-speed mode will allow sub-second survey cadences for short times. Deep coadds will reach m g = 23.6 every five nights over 47% of the sky; a larger-aperture array telescope, with an étendue close to the Rubin Observatory, could reach m g = 24.3 in five nights. These arrays can build two-color, million-epoch movies of the sky, enabling sensitive and rapid searches for high-speed transients, fast-radio-burst counterparts, gravitational-wave counterparts, exoplanet microlensing events, occultations by distant solar system bodies, and myriad other phenomena. An array of O(1000) telescopes, however, would be one of the most complex astronomical instruments yet built. Standard arrays with hundreds of tracking mounts entail thousands of moving parts and exposed optics, and maintenance costs would rapidly outpace the mass-produced-hardware cost savings compared to a monolithic large telescope. We discuss how to greatly reduce operations costs by placing all optics in thermally controlled, sealed domes with only a few moving parts. Coupled with careful software scope control and use of existing pipelines, we show that the Argus Array could become the deepest and fastest Northern sky survey, with total costs in the $20M range.
Forster resonance energy transfer, absorption and emission spectra in multichromophoric systems: III. Exact stochastic path integral evaluation
Creators: name: Moix, Jeremy
name: Ma, Jian
name: Cao, Jianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerically exact path integral treatment of the absorption and emission spectra of open quantum systems is presented that requires only the straightforward solution of a stochastic differential equation. The approach converges rapidly enabling the calculation of spectra of large excitonic systems across the complete range of system parameters and for arbitrary bath spectral densities. With the numerically exact absorption and emission operators one can also immediately compute energy transfer rates using the multi-chromophoric Forster resonant energy transfer formalism. Benchmark calculations on the emission spectra of two level systems are presented demonstrating the efficacy of the stochastic approach. This is followed by calculations of the energy transfer rates between two weakly coupled dimer systems as a function of temperature and system-bath coupling strength. It is shown that the recently developed hybrid cumulant expansion is the only perturbative method capable of generating uniformly reliable energy transfer rates and spectra across a broad range of system parameters.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Quantum-inspired tensor network for Earth science
Creators: name: Otgonbaatar, Soronzonbold
name: Kranzlmüller, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Learning (DL) is one of many successful methodologies to extract informative patterns and insights from ever increasing noisy large-scale datasets (in our case, satellite images). However, DL models consist of a few thousand to millions of training parameters, and these training parameters require tremendous amount of electrical power for extracting informative patterns from noisy large-scale datasets (e.g., computationally expensive). Hence, we employ a quantum-inspired tensor network for compressing trainable parameters of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in Earth science. PINNs are DL models penalized by enforcing the law of physics; in particular, the law of physics is embedded in DL models. In addition, we apply tensor decomposition to HyperSpectral Images (HSIs) to improve their spectral resolution. A quantum-inspired tensor network is also the native formulation to efficiently represent and train quantum machine learning models on big datasets on GPU tensor cores. Furthermore, the key contribution of this paper is twofold: (I) we reduced a number of trainable parameters of PINNs by using a quantum-inspired tensor network, and (II) we improved the spectral resolution of remotely-sensed images by employing tensor decomposition. As a benchmark PDE, we solved Burger's equation. As practical satellite data, we employed HSIs of Indian Pine, USA and of Pavia University, Italy.
description: This article is submitted to IGARSS 2023 conference
Verbal card sorting task to measure executive functions (LaCroix et al., 2023)
Creators: name: LaCroix, Arianna N.
name: Greene-Winek, Alexandria
name: Simon, Sandy
name: Groth, Hannah
name: Ratiu, Ileana
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 320905
subject: Neurology and neuromuscular diseases
classificationCode: 520401
subject: Cognition

description: Purpose: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is commonly used to measure nonverbal executive functions (EFs) in a variety of clinical populations. However, in some clinical populations (e.g., people with aphasia), deficits may be present in more linguistic (or verbal) domains and less pronounced in nonverbal domains. Thus, when determining possible deficits in these individuals, it is critical to assess both verbal and nonverbal cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study was to create a verbal card sorting task (VCST) to complement the WCST.Method: We created the VCST by modifying a computerized version of the WCST, the Berg Card Sorting Task (BCST). We then compared 35 individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and 33 matched controls’ performance on each task. We tested the VCST in individuals with mTBI first because they demonstrate impaired EFs but unimpaired language. We therefore expected the mTBI group to perform similarly on the VCST and BCST, suggesting that the two tasks measure EFs similarly.Results: In line with our hypothesis, the mTBI group had unimpaired inhibition and sustained attention but impaired shifting on each task. Component loadings for both tasks were also similar, and participants’ inhibition and shifting scores positively correlated across the two tasks.Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that the VCST is a potentially useful tool for measuring verbal EF deficits. Our results also provide important insights into the EF impairments experienced by individuals with mTBI.Supplemental Material S1. Demographic and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) specific information for the mTBI group.Supplemental Material S2. Visual depiction of the first trial of the Berg Card Sorting Task (BCST; Panel A) and verbal card sorting task (VCST; Panel B).Supplemental Material S3. Complete list of verbal card sorting task (VCST) stimuli separated by first letter, number of letters, and semantic category.Supplemental Material S4. Nonstandardized means and standard deviations (in parentheses) for each card sorting task measure within each task and group.LaCroix, A. N., Greene-Winek, A., Simon, S., Groth, H., & Ratiu, I. (2023). A verbal card sorting task to measure executive functions. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(4), 1698–1704. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJSLP-23-00027
Additional file 1 of Artificial intelligence in the risk prediction models of cardiovascular disease and development of an independent validation screening tool: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cai, Yue
name: Cai, Yu-Qing
name: Tang, Li-Ying
name: Wang, Yi-Han
name: Gong, Mengchun
name: Jing, Tian-Ci
name: Li, Hui-Jun
name: Li-Ling, Jesse
name: Hu, Wei
name: Yin, Zhihua
name: Gong, Da-Xin
name: Zhang, Guang-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA 2020 Checklist.
Dark Lepton Superfluid in Proto-Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Reddy, Sanjay
name: Zhou, Dake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that sub-GeV neutrino portal bosons that carry lepton number can condense inside a proto-neutron star (newly born neutron star). These bosons are produced copiously and form a Bose-Einstein condensate for a range of as yet unconstrained coupling strengths to neutrinos. The condensate is a lepton number superfluid with transport properties that differ dramatically from those encountered in ordinary dense baryonic matter. We discuss how this phase could alter the evolution of proto-neutron stars and comment on the implications for neutrino signals and nucleosynthesis.
description: published version
The Quantum Echo of the Early Universe
Creators: name: Blasco, Ana
name: Garay, Luis J.
name: Martin-Benito, Mercedes
name: Martin-Martinez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the fluctuations of quantum fields as seen by late comoving observers are significantly influenced by the history of the early Universe, and therefore they transmit information about the nature of spacetime in timescales when quantum gravitational effects were non-negligible. We discuss how this may be observable even nowadays, and thus used to build falsifiability tests of quantum gravity theories.
description: 3 pages. 2 Figures. Proceedings Theory Canada 9. Published in Canadian Journal of Physics. (http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjp-2014-0567)
A Multi-Scale Framework for Out-of-Distribution Detection in Dermoscopic Images
Creators: name: Huang, Zhongzheng
name: Wang, Tao
name: Cai, Yuanzheng
name: Liang, Lingyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automatic detection of skin diseases via dermoscopic images can improve the efficiency in diagnosis and help doctors make more accurate judgments. However, conventional skin disease recognition systems may produce high confidence for out-of-distribution (OOD) data, which may become a major security vulnerability in practical applications. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale detection framework to detect out-of-distribution skin disease image data to ensure the robustness of the system. Our framework extracts features from different layers of the neural network. In the early layers, rectified activation is used to make the output features closer to the well-behaved distribution, and then an one-class SVM is trained to detect OOD data; in the penultimate layer, an adapted Gram matrix is used to calculate the features after rectified activation, and finally the layer with the best performance is chosen to compute a normality score. Experiments show that the proposed framework achieves superior performance when compared with other state-of-the-art methods in the task of skin disease recognition.
description: Paper accepted by the 4th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security (ML4CS 2022), Guangzhou, China
Water Reaction Mechanism in Metal Organic Frameworks with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Ions: MOF-74
Creators: name: Tan, Kui
name: Zuluaga, Sebastian
name: Gong, Qihan
name: Canepa, Pieremanuele
name: Wang, Hao
name: Li, Jing
name: Chabal, Yves J.
name: Thonhauser, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water dissociation represents one of the most important reactions in catalysis, essential to the surface and nano sciences [e.g., Hass et al., Science, 1998, 282, 265-268; Brown et al., Science 2001, 294, 67-69; Bikondoa et al., Nature 2005, 5, 189-192]. However, the dissociation mechanism on most oxide surfaces is not well understood due to the experimental challenges of preparing surface structures and characterizing reaction pathways. To remedy this problem, we propose the metal organic framework MOF-74 as an ideal model system to study water reactions. Its crystalline structure is well characterized; the metal oxide node mimics surfaces with exposed cations; and it degrades in water. Combining in situ IR spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we explored the MOF-74/water interaction as a function of vapor pressure and temperature. Here, we show that, while adsorption is reversible below the water condensation pressure (~19.7 Torr) at room temperature, a reaction takes place at ~150 centigrades even at low water vapor pressures. This important finding is unambiguously demonstrated by a clear spectroscopic signature for the direct reaction using D2O, which is not present using H2O due to strong phonon coupling. Specifically, a sharp absorption band appears at 970 cm-1 when D2O is introduced at above 150 centigrades, which we attribute to an O-D bending vibration on the phenolate linker. Although H2O undergoes a similar dissociation reaction, the corresponding O-H mode is too strongly coupled to MOF vibrations to detect. In contrast, the O-D mode falls in the phonon gap of the MOF and remains localized.
The Discovery of a Planetary Companion Interior to Hot Jupiter WASP-132 b
Creators: name: Sefako, R.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Silverstein, M.L.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Stassun, K.G.
name: Torres, G.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Briceño, C.
name: Hord, B.J.
name: Colón, K.D.
name: Bouma, L.G.
name: Seager, S.
name: Lissauer, J.J.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Law, N.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Berger, T.A.
name: Kostov, V.
name: Falk, B.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Schwarz, R.P.
name: Vanderburg, A.
Publisher: name: American Astronomical Society
Year: 2022

description: Hot Jupiters are generally observed to lack close planetary companions, a trend that has been interpreted as evidence for high-eccentricity migration. We present the discovery and validation of WASP-132 c (TOI-822.02), a 1.85 ± 0.10 R ⊕ planet on a 1.01 day orbit interior to the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and ground-based follow-up observations, in conjunction with vetting and validation analysis, enable us to rule out common astrophysical false positives and validate the observed transit signal produced by WASP-132 c as a planet. Running the validation tools vespa and TRICERATOPS on this signal yields false-positive probabilities of 9.02 × 10-5 and 0.0107, respectively. Analysis of archival CORALIE radial velocity data leads to a 3σ upper limit of 28.23 ms-1 on the amplitude of any 1.01 day signal, corresponding to a 3σ upper mass limit of 37.35 M ⊕. Dynamical simulations reveal that the system is stable within the 3σ uncertainties on the planetary and orbital parameters for timescales of ∼100 Myr. The existence of a planetary companion near the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b makes the giant planet's formation and evolution via high-eccentricity migration highly unlikely. Being one of just a handful of nearby planetary companions to hot Jupiters, WASP-132 c carries with it significant implications for the formation of the system and hot Jupiters as a population.
Existence results for diffuse interface models describing phase separation and damage
Creators: name: Heinemann, Christian
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K85, 49J40, 49S05, 74C10, 35J50, 35K35, 35K55

description: In this paper, we analytically investigate multi-component Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn systems which are coupled with elasticity and uni-directional damage processes. The free energy of the system is of the form $\int_Ω\frac{1}{2}\mathbfΓ\nabla c:\nabla c+\frac{1}{2}|\nabla z|^2+W^\mathrm{ch}(c)+W^\mathrm{el}(e,c,z)\,\mathrm dx$ with a polynomial or logarithmic chemical energy density $W^\mathrm{ch}$, an inhomogeneous elastic energy density $W^\mathrm{el}$ and a quadratic structure of the gradient of the damage variable $z$. For the corresponding elastic Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn systems coupled with uni-directional damage processes, we present an appropriate notion of weak solutions and prove existence results based on certain regularization methods and a higher integrability result for the strain $e$.
Explicit Solutions and Stability Properties of Homogeneous Polynomial Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Chen, Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we provide a system-theoretic treatment of certain continuous-time homogeneous polynomial dynamical systems (HPDS) via tensor algebra. In particular, if a system of homogeneous polynomial differential equations can be represented by an orthogonally decomposable (odeco) tensor, we can construct its explicit solution by exploiting tensor Z-eigenvalues and Z-eigenvectors. We refer to such HPDS as odeco HPDS. By utilizing the form of the explicit solution, we are able to discuss the stability properties of an odeco HPDS. We illustrate that the Z-eigenvalues of the corresponding dynamic tensor can be used to establish necessary and sufficient stability conditions, similar to these from linear systems theory. In addition, we are able to obtain the complete solution to an odeco HPDS with constant control. Finally, we establish results which enable one to determine if a general HPDS can be transformed to or approximated by an odeco HPDS, where the previous results can be applied. We demonstrate our framework with simulated and real-world examples.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
An Adaptive Optics Census of Companions to Northern Stars Within 25 pc with Robo-AO
Creators: name: Law, N.M.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Henry, T.J.
name: Liu, M.C.
name: Salama, M.
name: Ruiz, A.H.
name: Jao, W.-C.
name: Ou, J.
name: Winters, J.G.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Riddle, R.
Publisher: name: American Astronomical Society
Year: 2022

description: In order to assess the multiplicity statistics of stars across spectral types and populations in a volume-limited sample, we censused nearby stars for companions with Robo-AO. We report on observations of 1157 stars of all spectral types within 25 pc with decl. >-13° searching for tight companions. We detected 154 companion candidates with separations ranging from ∼0.″15 to 4.″0 and magnitude differences up to "m i′≤7 using the robotic adaptive optics instrument Robo-AO. We confirmed physical association from Gaia EDR3 astrometry for 53 of the companion candidates, 99 remain to be confirmed, and two were ruled out as background objects. We complemented the high-resolution imaging companion search with a search for comoving objects with separations out to 10,000 au in Gaia EDR3, which resulted in an additional 147 companions registered. Of the 301 total companions reported in this study, 49 of them are new discoveries. Out of the 191 stars with significant acceleration measurements in the Hipparcos-Gaia catalog of accelerations, we detect companions around 115 of them, with the significance of the acceleration increasing as the companion separation decreases. From this survey, we report the following multiplicity fractions (compared to literature values): 40.9% ± 3.0% (44%) for FGK stars and 28.2% ± 2.3% (27%) for M stars, as well as higher-order fractions of 5.5% ± 1.1% (11%) and 3.9% ± 0.9% (5%) for FGK stars and M-type stars, respectively.
Robo-AO and SOAR High-Resolution Surveys of Exoplanet Hosting Stars
Creators: name: Baranec, C.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Riddle, R.
name: Law, N.
name: Tokovinin, A.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2021

description: In the past decade, space-based transit surveys have delivered thousands of potential planet-hosting systems. Each of these needs to be vetted and characterized using follow-up high-resolution imaging. We perform comprehensive imaging surveys of the candidate exoplanets detected by the Kepler and TESS missions using the fully autonomous Robo-AO system and the largely autonomous SOAR speckle imaging system. The surveys yielded hundreds of previously unknown close binary systems hosting exoplanets and resulted in verification of hundreds of exoplanet systems. Evidence of the interaction between binary stars and planetary systems was also detected, including a deep deficit of planets in close binary systems.
Logic programming for deliberative robotic task planning
Creators: name: Meli, Daniele
name: Nakawala, Hirenkumar
name: Fiorini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decade, the use of robots in production and daily life has increased. With increasingly complex tasks and interaction in different environments including humans, robots are required a higher level of autonomy for efficient deliberation. Task planning is a key element of deliberation. It combines elementary operations into a structured plan to satisfy a prescribed goal, given specifications on the robot and the environment. In this manuscript, we present a survey on recent advances in the application of logic programming to the problem of task planning. Logic programming offers several advantages compared to other approaches, including greater expressivity and interpretability which may aid in the development of safe and reliable robots. We analyze different planners and their suitability for specific robotic applications, based on expressivity in domain representation, computational efficiency and software implementation. In this way, we support the robotic designer in choosing the best tool for his application.
description: The version of record of this article, first published in Artif Intell Rev (2023), is available online at Publisher website
Correcting Stellar Flare Frequency Distributions Detected by TESS and Kepler
Creators: name: Gao, Dong-Yang
name: Liu, Hui-Gen
name: Yang, Ming
name: Zhou, Ji-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The habitability of planets is closely connected with the stellar activity, mainly the frequency of flares and the distribution of flare energy. Kepler and TESS find many flaring stars are detected via precise time-domain photometric data, and the frequency and energy distribution of stellar flares on different types of stars are studied statistically. However, the completeness and observational bias of detected flare events from different missions (e.g. Kepler and TESS) vary a lot. We use a unified data processing and detection method for flares events based on the light curve from Kepler and TESS. Then we perform injection and recovery tests in the original light curve of each star for each flare event to correct the completeness and energy of flares. Three samples of flaring stars are selected from Kepler and TESS, with rotating periods from 1 to $\sim$ 5 days. Adopting a hot-blackbody assumption, our results show that the cumulative flare frequency distributions (FFDs) of the same stars in Kepler and TESS bands tend to be consistent after correction, revealing a more natural flaring frequency and energy distribution. Our results also extend the low-energy limit in cumulative FFD fitting to $10^{31.5-33}$ erg on different types of stars. For solar-type stars, the average power-law index of cumulative FFD ($α_{\rm cum}$) is $-0.84$, which indicates that low-energy flares contribute less to the total flare energy. With a piecewise correlation between $α_{\rm cum}$ and $T_{\rm eff}$, $α_{\rm cum}$ first rises with $T_{\rm eff}$ from M2 to K1 stars, then slightly decreases for stars hotter than K1.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. Published in AJ
Additional file 2 of Artificial intelligence in the risk prediction models of cardiovascular disease and development of an independent validation screening tool: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cai, Yue
name: Cai, Yu-Qing
name: Tang, Li-Ying
name: Wang, Yi-Han
name: Gong, Mengchun
name: Jing, Tian-Ci
name: Li, Hui-Jun
name: Li-Ling, Jesse
name: Hu, Wei
name: Yin, Zhihua
name: Gong, Da-Xin
name: Zhang, Guang-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Text 1. Search strategies for AI-Ms of CVD prediction. Table S1. Characteristics of the included studies. Table S2. Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the included studies. Table S3. The definition and measurement of outcomes. Table S4. The counting and characteristics of algorithms. Table S5. Risk of bias assessment of prediction models. Text 2. Search strategies of AI/ML assessment guidelines or tools. Fig. S1. The flow diagram for literature search in the assessment guidelines or tools in the field of medical AI/ML research. Table S6. The characteristics of assessment guidelines or tools in the field of medical AI/ML research. Table S7. The characteristics of 10 recommended models.
Discrete Lehmann representation of imaginary time Green's functions
Creators: name: Kaye, Jason
name: Chen, Kun
name: Parcollet, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient basis for imaginary time Green's functions based on a low rank decomposition of the spectral Lehmann representation. The basis functions are simply a set of well-chosen exponentials, so the corresponding expansion may be thought of as a discrete form of the Lehmann representation using an effective spectral density which is a sum of $δ$ functions. The basis is determined only by an upper bound on the product $βω_{\max}$, with $β$ the inverse temperature and $ω_{\max}$ an energy cutoff, and a user-defined error tolerance $ε$. The number $r$ of basis functions scales as $\mathcal{O}\left(\log(βω_{\max}) \log (1/ε)\right)$. The discrete Lehmann representation of a particular imaginary time Green's function can be recovered by interpolation at a set of $r$ imaginary time nodes. Both the basis functions and the interpolation nodes can be obtained rapidly using standard numerical linear algebra routines. Due to the simple form of the basis, the discrete Lehmann representation of a Green's function can be explicitly transformed to the Matsubara frequency domain, or obtained directly by interpolation on a Matsubara frequency grid. We benchmark the efficiency of the representation on simple cases, and with a high precision solution of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev equation at low temperature. We compare our approach with the related intermediate representation method, and introduce an improved algorithm to build the intermediate representation basis and a corresponding sampling grid.
Farming Systems Research Symposium
Creators: name: Cooperation, Office Of International
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: List of Papers: Introduction and Objectives (Quentin M. West) --- Overview of Farming Systems Research (Donald L. Plucknett) --- An Overview of Farming Systems Research Methodology (Richard R. Harwood) --- Overview of the Potential Applicability of Farming Systems Research to U.S. Small Farms and U.S. Research and Extension (Art Hansen) --- The Allegheny Highlands Project (Barton Baker) --- Evaluation of Farm Systems Research in Relation to the South Central Small Farm Research and Extension Center Program (J.R. Gifford) --- Applicability of the Farming Systems Research Approach to Less Developed and Developed Countries - Linkages and Constraints (Michael S. Joshua) --- Research-Extension Interface (Howard W. Kerr, Jr.) --- Initiating Applied Farming Systems Research in Developing Countries (L.W. Harrington) --- Problems of Interdisciplinarity in Farming Systems Research (Randolph Barker) --- Farming Systems Research Program Structure, Staffing and Funding (Jerry McIntosh) --- FSR and National Agricultural Development (Peter E. Hildebrand) --- Issues of FSR Evaluation (Willis W. Shaner) --- The ICTA Case; Overview of ICTA Program (Astolfo Fumagalli C.) --- Farming Systems Research in Guatemala (Ramiro Ortiz Dardon) --- Staffing and Funding in the Instituto De Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricola (ICTA) (Robert K. Waugh) --- The ICTA Case; The Linkages with Other National, International and Regional Institutions (Porfirio Masaya) --- Discussion Group Reports: Summary --- Lessons for the Future --- Summary of Tony Babb's Closing Remarks --- Farming Systems Research Symposium Participants.
description: Farming Systems Research Symposium, Washington, D.C., December 8 & 9, 1980.
Ultrastrong tunable coupler between superconducting LC resonators
Creators: name: Miyanaga, Takafumi
name: Tomonaga, Akiyoshi
name: Ito, Hikaru
name: Mukai, Hiroto
name: Tsai, Jaw-Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ultrastrong tunable coupler for coupling of superconducting resonators. Obtained coupling constant exceeds 1 GHz, and the wide range tunability is achieved both antiferromagnetics and ferromagnetics from $-1086$ MHz to 604 MHz. The ultrastrong coupler is composed of rf-SQUID and dc-SQUID as tunable junctions, which connected to resonators via shared aluminum thin film meander lines enabling such a huge coupling constant. The spectrum of the coupler obviously shows the breaking of the rotating wave approximation, and our circuit model treating the Josephson junction as a tunable inductance reproduces the experimental results well. The ultrastrong coupler is expected to be utilized in quantum annealing circuits and/or NISQ devices with dense connections between qubits.
description: 12pages, 7 figures
Ghost Projection
Creators: name: Ceddia, David
name: Paganin, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78-10

description: Ghost imaging is a developing imaging technique that employs random masks to image a sample. Ghost projection utilizes ghost-imaging concepts to perform the complementary procedure of projection of a desired image. The key idea underpinning ghost projection is that any desired spatial distribution of radiant exposure may be produced, up to an additive constant, by spatially-uniformly illuminating a set of random masks in succession. We explore three means of achieving ghost projection: (i) weighting each random mask, namely selecting its exposure time, according to its correlation with a desired image, (ii) selecting a subset of random masks according to their correlation with a desired image, and (iii) numerically optimizing a projection for a given set of random masks and desired image. The first two protocols are analytically tractable and conceptually transparent. The third is more efficient but less amenable to closed-form analytical expressions. A comparison with existing image-projection techniques is drawn and possible applications are discussed. These potential applications include: (i) a data projector for matter and radiation fields for which no current data projectors exist, (ii) a universal-mask approach to lithography, (iii) tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing, and (iv) a ghost-projection photocopier.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures
Distributed Video Coding Based on Polar Codes
Creators: name: Trofimiuk, Grigorii
name: Belyaev, Evgeny
name: Trifonov, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this letter we present an improved distributed video coding (DVC) scheme based on polar coding techniques. Firstly, we adapt log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) for DVC with integer implementation of a discrete cosine transform (DCT). We propose a computationally efficient and numerically stable modification of these LLRs based on the simplified methods of polar codes decoding. We show that on average this approach provides 0.3 dB PSNR gain for DVC with LDPC accumulated (LDPCA) codes. Secondly, we introduce the nested shortened polar codes construction algorithm. We demonstrate that replacement of LDPCA by polar codes improves PSNR by 0.1 dB on average, whereas, for videos with relatively high motion level, the gain reaches up to 0.23, 0.39 and 0.55 dB for Group of Pictures (GOP) lengths 2, 4 and 8 frames, respectively. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that DVC with polar codes and Tal-Vardy list decoder operates up to two times faster than DVC with LDPCA code and belief propagation (BP) decoder.
description: This is a slightly modified version of a paper accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Letters
Three K2 campaigns yield rotation periods for 1013 stars in Praesepe
Creators: name: Curtis, J.L.
name: Covey, K.R.
name: Gosnell, N.M.
name: Douglas, S.T.
name: Núñez, A.
name: Rampalli, R.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Agüeros, M.A.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Cargile, P.A.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: We use three campaigns of K2 observations to complete the census of rotation in low-mass members of the benchmark, ≈670 Myr old open cluster Praesepe. We measure new rotation periods (Prot) for 220≲1.3 M☉ Praesepe members and recovery periods for 97% (793/812) of the stars with a Prot in the literature. Of the 19 stars for which we do not recover a Prot, 17 were not observed by K2. As K2’s three Praesepe campaigns took place over the course of 3 yr, we test the stability of our measured Prot for stars observed in more than one campaign. We measure Prot consistent to within 10% for >95% of the 331 likely single stars with ≥2 high-quality observations; the median difference in Prot is 0.3%, with a standard deviation of 2%. Nearly all of the exceptions are stars with discrepant Prot measurements in Campaign 18, K2’s last, which was significantly shorter than the earlier two (≈50 days rather than ≈75 days). This suggests that, despite the evident morphological evolution we observe in the light curves of 38% of the stars, Prot measurements for low-mass stars in Praesepe are stable on timescales of several years. A Prot can therefore be taken to be representative even if measured only once.
Evry Flare .iv. Detection of Periodicity in Flare Occurrence from Cool Stars with TESS
Creators: name: Law, N.M.
name: Howard, W.S.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Phased flaring, or the periodic occurrence of stellar flares, may probe electromagnetic star-planet interaction (SPI), binary interaction, or magnetic conditions in spots. For the first time, we explore flare periodograms for a large sample of flare stars to identify periodicity due to magnetic interactions with orbiting companions, magnetic reservoirs, or rotational phase. Previous large surveys have explored periodicity at the stellar rotation period, but we do not assume periods must correspond with rotation in this work. Two-minute TESS light curves of 284 cool stars are searched for periods of 1-10 days using two newly developed periodograms. Because flares are discrete events in noisy and incomplete data, typical periodograms are not well suited to detect phased flaring. We construct and test a new Bayesian likelihood periodogram and a modified Lomb-Scargle periodogram. We find six candidates with a false-alarm probability below 1%. Three targets are ≥3σ detections of flare periodicity; the others are plausible candidates that cannot be individually confirmed. Periods range from 1.35 to 6.7 days and some, but not all, correlate with the stellar rotation period or its 1/2 alias. Periodicity from two targets may persist from TESS Cycle 1 into Cycle 3. The periodicity does not appear to persist for the others. Long-term changes in periodicity may result from the spot evolution observed from each candidate, which suggests magnetic conditions play an important role in sustaining periodicity.
Acoustic kinematic vowel space and normalization (Kuo & Berry, 2023)
Creators: name: Kuo, Christina
name: Berry, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460211
subject: Speech production
classificationCode: 320905
subject: Neurology and neuromuscular diseases
classificationCode: 510301
subject: Acoustics and acoustical devices; waves

description: Purpose: Few studies have reported on the vowel space area (VSA) in both acoustic and kinematic domains. This study examined acoustic and kinematic VSAs for speakers with and without dysarthria and evaluated effects of normalization on acoustic and kinematic VSAs and the relationship between these measures.Method: Vowel data from 12 speakers with and without dysarthria, presenting with a range of speech abilities, were examined. The speakers included four speakers with Parkinson’s disease (PD), four speakers with brain injury (BI), and four neurotypical (NT) speakers. Speech acoustic and kinematic data were acquired simultaneously using electromagnetic articulography during a passage reading task. Raw and normalized VSAs calculated from corner vowels /i/, /æ/, /ɑ/, and /u/ were evaluated. Normalization was achieved through z score transformations to the acoustic and kinematic data. The effect of normalization on variability within and across groups was evaluated. Regression analysis was used across speakers to assess the association between acoustic and kinematic VSAs for both raw and normalized data.Results: When evaluating the speakers as three different groups (i.e., PD, BI, and NT), normalization reduced the standard deviations within each group and changed the relative differences in average magnitude between groups. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between normalized, but not raw, acoustic and kinematic VSAs, after the exclusion of an outlier speaker.Conclusions: Normalization reduces the variability across speakers, within groups, and changes average magnitudes affecting speaker group comparisons. Normalization also influences the correlation between acoustic and kinematic measures. Further investigation of the impact of normalization techniques upon acoustic and kinematic measures is warranted.Supplemental Material S1. Supplementary information on methodology.Kuo, C., & Berry, J. (2023). The relationship between acoustic and kinematic vowel space areas with and without normalization for speakers with and without dysarthria. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(4S), 1923–1937. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJSLP-22-00158Publisher Note: This article is part of the Special Issue: Select Papers From the 2022 Conference on Motor Speech.
Graph-guided random forest for gene set selection
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Bastian
name: Baniecki, Hubert
name: Saranti, Anna
name: Biecek, Przemyslaw
name: Holzinger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Machine learning methods can detect complex relationships between variables, but usually do not exploit domain knowledge. This is a limitation because in many scientific disciplines, such as systems biology, domain knowledge is available in the form of graphs or networks, and its use can improve model performance. We need network-based algorithms that are versatile and applicable in many research areas. In this work, we demonstrate subnetwork detection based on multi-modal node features using a novel Greedy Decision Forest with inherent interpretability. The latter will be a crucial factor to retain experts and gain their trust in such algorithms. To demonstrate a concrete application example, we focus on bioinformatics, systems biology and particularly biomedicine, but the presented methodology is applicable in many other domains as well. Systems biology is a good example of a field in which statistical data-driven machine learning enables the analysis of large amounts of multi-modal biomedical data. This is important to reach the future goal of precision medicine, where the complexity of patients is modeled on a system level to best tailor medical decisions, health practices and therapies to the individual patient. Our proposed approach can help to uncover disease-causing network modules from multi-omics data to better understand complex diseases such as cancer.