cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-Scale Hybrid Vision Transformer for Learning Gastric Histology: AI-Based Decision Support System for Gastric Cancer Treatment
Creators: name: Oh, Yujin
name: Bae, Go Eun
name: Kim, Kyung-Hee
name: Yeo, Min-Kyung
name: Ye, Jong Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gastric endoscopic screening is an effective way to decide appropriate gastric cancer (GC) treatment at an early stage, reducing GC-associated mortality rate. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a great promise to assist pathologist to screen digitalized whole slide images, existing AI systems are limited in fine-grained cancer subclassifications and have little usability in planning cancer treatment. We propose a practical AI system that enables five subclassifications of GC pathology, which can be directly matched to general GC treatment guidance. The AI system is designed to efficiently differentiate multi-classes of GC through multi-scale self-attention mechanism using 2-stage hybrid Vision Transformer (ViT) networks, by mimicking the way how human pathologists understand histology. The AI system demonstrates reliable diagnostic performance by achieving class-average sensitivity of above 0.85 on a total of 1,212 slides from multicentric cohort. Furthermore, AI-assisted pathologists show significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity by 12% in addition to 18% reduced screening time compared to human pathologists. Our results demonstrate that AI-assisted gastric endoscopic screening has a great potential for providing presumptive pathologic opinion and appropriate cancer treatment of gastric cancer in practical clinical settings.
The cultural dimension of the mathematics curriculum in Papua New Guinea : teacher beliefs and practices
Creators: name: Kaleva, Wilfred Tunu
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Rotating BTZ-like black hole and central charges in Einstein-bumblebee gravity
Creators: name: Ding, Chikun
name: Shi, Yu
name: Chen, Jun
name: Zhou, Yuebing
name: Liu, Changqing
name: Xiao, Yuehua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an exact rotating BTZ-like black hole solution by solving the corresponding gravitational field equations and the bumblebee motion equations in Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory. Result is presented for the purely radial Lorentz symmetry violating and can only exist with a linear functional potential of the bumblebee field. This black hole has two horizons and an ergosphere which are dependent on the bumblebee coupling constant $\ell$. The concepts of the area and volume of the horizon should be renewed in this LV spacetime due to the nontrivial contribution of coupling between the bumblebee field and the Ricci tensor. Only in this way, the entropy-area relation, first law of thermodynamics and the Smarr formula can still be constructed. We also study the AdS/CFT correspondence of this black hole, find that the entropy product of its inner and outer horizons is universal. So the central charges of the dual CFT on the boundary can be obtained via the thermodynamic method, and they can reappear black hole mass and angular momentum in the bulk.
description: 15 pages, no figure, accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C; arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2201.06683
Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using the learning dynamics of RBMs
Creators: name: Decelle, Aurélien
name: Rosset, Lorenzo
name: Seoane, Beatriz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Datasets in the real world are often complex and to some degree hierarchical, with groups and sub-groups of data sharing common characteristics at different levels of abstraction. Understanding and uncovering the hidden structure of these datasets is an important task that has many practical applications. To address this challenge, we present a new and general method for building relational data trees by exploiting the learning dynamics of the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM). Our method is based on the mean-field approach, derived from the Plefka expansion, and developed in the context of disordered systems. It is designed to be easily interpretable. We tested our method in an artificially created hierarchical dataset and on three different real-world datasets (images of digits, mutations in the human genome, and a homologous family of proteins). The method is able to automatically identify the hierarchical structure of the data. This could be useful in the study of homologous protein sequences, where the relationships between proteins are critical for understanding their function and evolution.
description: Version accepted in Physical Review E
Evidence for thermal X-ray emission from the synchrotron dominated shocks in Tycho's supernova remnant
Creators: name: Ellien, A.
name: Greco, E.
name: Vink, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young supernova remnants (SNRs) shocks are believed to be the main sites of galactic cosmic rays production, showing X-ray synchrotron dominated spectra in the vicinity of their shock. While a faint thermal signature left by the shocked interstellar medium (ISM) should also be found in the spectra, proofs for such an emission in Tycho's SNR have been lacking. We perform an extended statistical analysis of the X-ray spectra of five regions behind the blast wave of Tycho's SNR using \textit{Chandra} archival data. We use Bayesian inference to perform extended parameter space exploration and sample the posterior distributions of a variety of models of interest. According to Bayes factors, spectra of all five regions of analysis are best described by composite three-component models taking into account non-thermal emission, ejecta emission and shocked ISM emission. The shocked ISM stands out the most in the Northern limb of the SNR. We find for the shocked ISM a mean electron temperature $kT_{\rm{e}}=0.96^{+1.33}_{-0.51}$ keV for all regions and a mean ionization timescale $n_{\rm e}t=2.55^{+0.5}_{-1.22}\times10^9$ cm$^{-3}$s resulting in a mean ambient density $n_{\rm e}=0.32^{+0.23}_{-0.15}$ cm$^{-3}$ around the remnant. We performed an extended analysis of the Northern limb, and show that the measured synchrotron cutoff energy is not well constrained in the presence of a shocked ISM component. Such results cannot currently be further investigated by analysing emission lines in the 0.5-1 keV range, because of the low \textit{Chandra} spectral resolution in this band. We show with simulated spectra that X-IFU future performances will be crucial to address this point.
description: 24 pages (13 figures, 7 tables) + 9 pages in appendix (5 figures, 4 tables), accepted for publication in ApJ
Measuring and Mitigating the Risk of IP Reuse on Public Clouds
Creators: name: Pauley, Eric
name: Sheatsley, Ryan
name: Hoak, Blaine
name: Burke, Quinn
name: Beugin, Yohan
name: McDaniel, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Public clouds provide scalable and cost-efficient computing through resource sharing. However, moving from traditional on-premises service management to clouds introduces new challenges; failure to correctly provision, maintain, or decommission elastic services can lead to functional failure and vulnerability to attack. In this paper, we explore a broad class of attacks on clouds which we refer to as cloud squatting. In a cloud squatting attack, an adversary allocates resources in the cloud (e.g., IP addresses) and thereafter leverages latent configuration to exploit prior tenants. To measure and categorize cloud squatting we deployed a custom Internet telescope within the Amazon Web Services us-east-1 region. Using this apparatus, we deployed over 3 million servers receiving 1.5 million unique IP addresses (56% of the available pool) over 101 days beginning in March of 2021. We identified 4 classes of cloud services, 7 classes of third-party services, and DNS as sources of exploitable latent configurations. We discovered that exploitable configurations were both common and in many cases extremely dangerous; we received over 5 million cloud messages, many containing sensitive data such as financial transactions, GPS location, and PII. Within the 7 classes of third-party services, we identified dozens of exploitable software systems spanning hundreds of servers (e.g., databases, caches, mobile applications, and web services). Lastly, we identified 5446 exploitable domains spanning 231 eTLDs-including 105 in the top 10,000 and 23 in the top 1000 popular domains. Through tenant disclosures we have identified several root causes, including (a) a lack of organizational controls, (b) poor service hygiene, and (c) failure to follow best practices. We conclude with a discussion of the space of possible mitigations and describe the mitigations to be deployed by Amazon in response to this study.
The influence of dust grain porosity on the analysis of debris disc observations
Creators: name: Brunngräber, Robert
name: Wolf, Sebastian
name: Kirchschlager, Florian
name: Ertel, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Debris discs are often modelled assuming compact dust grains, but more and more evidence for the presence of porous grains is found. We aim at quantifying the systematic errors introduced when modelling debris discs composed of porous dust with a disc model assuming spherical, compact grains. We calculate the optical dust properties derived via the fast, but simple effective medium theory. The theoretical lower boundary of the size distribution -- the so-called 'blowout size' -- is compared in the cases of compact and porous grains. Finally, we simulate observations of hypothetical debris discs with different porosities and feed them into a fitting procedure using only compact grains. The deviations of the results for compact grains from the original model based on porous grains are analysed. We find that the blowout size increases with increasing grain porosity up to a factor of two. An analytical approximation function for the blowout size as a function of porosity and stellar luminosity is derived. The analysis of the geometrical disc set-up, when constrained by radial profiles, are barely affected by the porosity. However, the determined minimum grain size and the slope of the grain size distribution derived using compact grains are significantly overestimated. Thus, the unexpectedly high ratio of minimum grain size to blowout size found by previous studies using compact grains can be partially described by dust grain porosity, although the effect is not strong enough to completely explain the trend.
description: accepted by MNRAS
Natural products applied in reverse chemical proteomics
Creators: name: Gotsbacher, Michael
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Natural products are a rich source of structurally diverse and biologically active small molecules. They constitute a useful class of compounds as leads in rational drug design and development. However, drug discovery faces a major bottleneck due to the lack of knowledge about the active compounds' cellular targets and mode of action. For this thesis, several natural products with interesting biological activity have been applied as ligands in a technique we refer to as reverse chemical proteomics. This method rapidly generates protein-ligand pairs, which will be useful for the rational design of new and more potent therapeutics, identification of druggable targets as well as for understanding the underlying biochemical pathways of these active ligands. This thesis is divided into four main chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the techniques behind reverse chemical proteomics. Chapter 2 describes the bioassay-guided fractionation of eleven marine sponges, the isolation and characterisation of two new and seven known bromotyrosines of the highly antibacterial active extract from the marine sponge Pseudoceratina purpurea, as well as isolation of bromotyrosines from the opisthobranch Tylodina corticalis, which was collected while feeding on P. purpurea. In Chapter 3, the chemical derivatisation of natural products is presented alongside the synthesis and characterisation of novel, linkers and reagents required for performing reverse chemical proteomics. Chapter 4 describes the application of T7 phage display utilising the immunosuppressant natural product FK506 as a model affinity probe. Consecutively, protein binding partners for biotinylated artesunate, daptomycin and manzamine are isolated from various T7 phage-displayed human cDNA libraries. An experimental chapter and concluding remarks follow thereafter.
Me, myself and I : a discussion of the notion of the self within a common sense perspective
Creators: name: Moran, Frances Mary
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A second-order, perfectly matched layer formulation to model 3D transient wave propagation in anisotropic elastic media
Creators: name: Assi, Hisham
name: Cobbold, Richard S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulation of wave propagation in an infinite medium is made possible by surrounding a finite region by a perfectly matched layer (PML). Using this approach a generalized three-dimensional (3D) formulation is proposed for time-domain modeling of elastic wave propagation in an unbounded lossless anisotropic medium. The formulation is based on a second-order approach that has the advantages of, physical relationship to the underlying equations, and amenability to be implemented in common numerical schemes. Specifically, our formulation uses three second-order equations of the displacement field and nine auxiliary equations, along with the three time histories of the displacement field. The properties of the PML, which are controlled by a complex two-parameter stretch function, are such that it acts as near perfect absorber. Using finite element method (FEM) 3D numerical results are presented for a highly anisotropic medium. An extension of the formulation to the particular case of a Kelvin-Vogit viscoelastic medium is also presented.
Media Modulation based Molecular Communication
Creators: name: Brand, Lukas
name: Garkisch, Moritz
name: Lotter, Sebastian
name: Schäfer, Maximilian
name: Burkovski, Andreas
name: Sticht, Heinrich
name: Castiglione, Kathrin
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In conventional molecular communication (MC) systems, the signaling molecules used for information transmission are stored, released, and then replenished by a transmitter (TX). However, the replenishment of signaling molecules at the TX is challenging in practice. Furthermore, in most envisioned MC applications, e.g., in the medical field, it is not desirable to insert the TX into the MC system, as this might impair natural biological processes. In this paper, we propose the concept of media modulation based MC where the TX is placed outside the channel and utilizes signaling molecules already present inside the system. The signaling molecules can assume different states which can be switched by external stimuli. Hence, in media modulation based MC, the TX modulates information into the state of the signaling molecules. In particular, we exploit the group of photochromic molecules, which undergo light-induced reversible state transitions, for media modulation. We study the usage of these molecules for information transmission in a three-dimensional duct system, which contains an eraser, a TX, and a receiver for erasing, writing, and reading of information via external light, respectively. We develop a statistical model for the received signal which accounts for the distribution of the signaling molecules in the system, the initial states of the signaling molecules, the reliability of the state control mechanism, the randomness of irrepressible, spontaneous state switching, and the randomness of molecule propagation. We adopt a maximum likelihood detector and a threshold based detector. Furthermore, we derive analytical expressions for the optimal threshold value and the resulting bit error rate (BER), respectively. Our results reveal that media modulation enables reliable information transmission, validating it as a promising alternative to MC based on molecule emitting TXs.
description: 16 pages double-column, 9 figures, 1 table. This work has been published in IEEE Transactions on Communications
First integrals for Finsler metrics with vanishing $χ$-curvature
Creators: name: Bucataru, Ioan
name: Constantinescu, Oana
name: Cretu, Georgeta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C60, 53B40, 53D25, 70H06

description: We prove that in a Finsler manifold with vanishing $χ$-curvature (in particular with constant flag curvature) some non-Riemannian geometric structures are geodesically invariant and hence they induce a set of non-Riemannian first integrals. Two alternative expressions of these first integrals can be obtained either in terms of the mean Berwald curvature, or as functions of the mean Cartan torsion and the mean Landsberg curvature.
Spin Correlations in the Dipolar Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet Gd2Sn2O7
Creators: name: Paddison, Joseph A. M.
name: Ehlers, Georg
name: Petrenko, Oleg A.
name: Wildes, Andrew R.
name: Gardner, Jason S.
name: Stewart, J. Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin correlations in the dipolar Heisenberg antiferromagnet Gd2Sn2O7 using polarised neutron-scattering measurements in the correlated paramagnetic regime. Using Monte Carlo methods, we show that our data are sensitive to weak further-neighbour exchange interactions of magnitude ~0.5% of the nearest-neighbour interaction, and are compatible with either antiferromagnetic next-nearest neighbour interactions, or ferromagnetic third-neighbour interactions that connect spins across hexagonal loops. Calculations of the magnetic scattering intensity reveal rods of diffuse scattering along [111] reciprocal-space directions, which we explain in terms of strong antiferromagnetic correlations parallel to the set of <110> directions that connect a given spin with its nearest neighbours. Finally, we demonstrate that the spin correlations in Gd2Sn2O7 are highly anisotropic, and correlations parallel to third-neighbour separations are particularly sensitive to critical fluctuations associated with incipient long-range order.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
An 8 GeV Linac as the Booster Replacement in the Fermilab Power Upgrade: a Snowmass 2021 White Paper
Creators: name: Belomestnykh, S.
name: Checchin, M.
name: Johnson, D.
name: Neuffer, D.
name: Padamsee, H.
name: Posen, S.
name: Pozdeyev, E.
name: Pronskikh, V.
name: Saini, A.
name: Solyak, N.
name: Yakovlev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the PIP-II 800 MeV Linac, Fermilab will need an accelerator that extends from that linac to the MI injection energy of ~8 GeV, completing the modernization of the Fermilab high-intensity accelerator complex. This will maximize the beam available for neutrino production for the long baseline DUNE experiment to greater than 2.5 MW and enable a next generation of intensity frontier experiments. In this white paper, we propose an 8 GeV Linac for that purpose. The Linac consists of an extension of the PIP-II Linac to ~2 GeV using PIP-II 650 MHz SRF cryomodules, followed by a 2 -->8.0 GeV Linac composed of 1300 MHz SRF cryomodules, based upon the LCLS-II cryomodules developed at Fermilab. The 8 GeV Linac will incorporate recent improvements in SRF technology. The research needed to implement this Linac is described.
description: contribution to Snowmass 2021
Over 500 Days in the Life of the Photosphere of the Type Iax Supernova SN 2014dt
Creators: name: Camacho-Neves, Yssavo
name: Jha, Saurabh W.
name: Barna, Barnabas
name: Dai, Mi
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Johansson, Joel
name: Kelly, Patrick
name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E.
name: Kwok, Lindsey A.
name: Larison, Conor
name: Magee, Mark R.
name: McCully, Curtis
name: O'Brien, John T.
name: Pan, Yen-Chen
name: Pandya, Viraj
name: Singhal, Jaladh
name: Stahl, Benjamin E.
name: Szalai, Tamás
name: Wieber, Meredith
name: Williamson, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Iax supernovae (SN Iax) are the largest known class of peculiar white dwarf supernovae, distinct from normal Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia). The unique properties of SN Iax, especially their strong photospheric lines out to extremely late times, allow us to model their optical spectra and derive physical parameters for the long-lasting photosphere. We present an extensive spectral timeseries, including 21 new spectra, of SN Iax 2014dt from +11 to +562 days after maximum light. We are able to reproduce the entire timeseries with a self-consistent, nearly unaltered deflagration explosion model from Fink et al. (2014) using TARDIS, an open-source radiative transfer code (Kerzendorf & Sim 2014; Kerzendorf et al. 2023). We find that the photospheric velocity of SN 2014dt slows its evolution between +64 and +148 days, which closely overlaps the phase when we see SN 2014dt diverge from the normal spectral evolution of SN Ia (+90 to +150 days). The photospheric velocity at these epochs, ~400$-$1000 km s$^{-1}$, may demarcate a boundary within the ejecta below which the physics of SN Iax and normal SN Ia differ. Our results suggest that SN 2014dt is consistent with a weak deflagration explosion model that leaves behind a bound remnant and drives an optically thick, quasi-steady-state wind creating the photospheric lines at late times. The data also suggest that this wind may weaken at epochs past +450 days, perhaps indicating a radioactive power source that has decayed away.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 22 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Some aspects of music education in Victoria, 1850-1988
Creators: name: Murphy, Brian J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Quantum chemical investigation of the predominant conformation of the antibiotic azithromycin in water and DMSO solutions: an integrated thermodynamic and NMR analysis
Creators: name: Hernandes, Isabel
name: Da Silva, Haroldo
name: Dos Santos, Hélio
name: Ávila, Eloah
name: De Almeida, Mauro
name: De Almeida, Wagner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: azithromycin
Molecular dynamics
conformation
NMR Chemical Shifts
DFT calculations

description: Azithromycin (AZM) is a macrolide-type antibiotic used to prevent and treat serious infections (mycobacteria or MAC) that significantly inhibit bacterial growth. Knowledge of the predominant conformation in solution is of fundamental importance for advancing our understanding of the intermolecular interactions of AZM with biological targets. We report an extensive density functional theory (DFT) study of plausible AZM structures in solution considering implicit and explicit solvent effects. The best match between the experimental and theoretical nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiles was used to assign the preferred conformer in solution, which was supported by the thermodynamic analysis. Among the 15 distinct AZM structures, conformer M14, having a short intramolecular C6-OH…N H-bond, is predicted to be dominant in water and DMSO solutions. The results indicated that the X-ray structure backbone is mostly conserved in solution, showing that large flexible molecules with several possible conformations may assume a preferential spatial orientation in solution, which is the molecular structure that ultimately interacts with biological targets.
description: Funding provided by: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003593
Award Number: 309269/2021-0Funding provided by: Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004586
Award Number: E-26/201.163/2021
Maximally Edge-Connected Realizations and Kundu's $k$-factor Theorem
Creators: name: Shook, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C40,

description: A simple graph $G$ with edge-connectivity $λ(G)$ and minimum degree $δ(G)$ is maximally edge connected if $λ(G)=δ(G)$. In 1964, given a non-increasing degree sequence $π=(d_{1},\ldots,d_{n})$, Jack Edmonds showed that there is a realization $G$ of $π$ that is $k$-edge-connected if and only if $d_{n}\geq k$ with $\sum_{i=1}^{n}d_{i}\geq 2(n-1)$ when $d_{n}=1$. We strengthen Edmonds's result by showing that given a realization $G_{0}$ of $π$ if $Z_{0}$ is a spanning subgraph of $G_{0}$ with $δ(Z_{0})\geq 1$ such that $|E(Z_{0})|\geq n-1$ when $δ(G_{0})=1$, then there is a maximally edge-connected realization of $π$ with $G_{0}-E(Z_{0})$ as a subgraph. Our theorem tells us that there is a maximally edge-connected realization of $π$ that differs from $G_{0}$ by at most $n-1$ edges. For $δ(G_{0})\geq 2$, if $G_{0}$ has a spanning forest with $c$ components, then our theorem says there is a maximally edge-connected realization that differs from $G_{0}$ by at most $n-c$ edges. As an application we combine our work with Kundu's $k$-factor Theorem to show there is a maximally edge-connected realization with a $(k_{1},\dots,k_{n})$-factor for $k\leq k_{i}\leq k+1$ and present a partial result to a conjecture that strengthens the regular case of Kundu's $k$-factor theorem.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Stochastic gravitational wave background from supernovae in massive scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Rosca-Mead, Roxana
name: Agathos, Michalis
name: Moore, Christopher J.
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In massive scalar-tensor gravity, core-collapse supernovae are strong sources of scalar-polarized gravitational waves. These can be detectable out to large distance. The dispersive nature of the propagation of waves in the massive scalar field mean the gravitational wave signals are long lived and many such signals can overlap to form a stochastic background. Using different models for the population of supernova events in the nearby universe, we compute predictions for the energy-density in the stochastic scalar-polarized gravitational wave background from core-collapse events in massive scalar-tensor gravity for theory parameters that facilitate strong scalarization. The resulting energy density is below the current constraints on a Gaussian stochastic gravitational wave background but large enough to be detectable with the current generation of detectors when they reach design sensitivity, indicating that it will soon be possible to place new constraints on the parameter space of massive scalar-tensor gravity.
description: to match published version in Phys.Rev.D
Hausdorff dimension and uniform exponents in dimension two
Creators: name: Bugeaud, Yann
name: Cheung, Yitwah
name: Chevallier, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove the Hausdorff dimension of the set of (nondegenerate) singular two-dimensional vectors with uniform exponent $μ$ $\in$ (1/2, 1) is 2(1 -- $μ$) when $μ$ $\ge$ $\sqrt$ 2/2, whereas for $μ$ \textless{} $\sqrt$ 2/2 it is greater than 2(1 -- $μ$) and at most (3 -- 2$μ$)(1 -- $μ$)/(1 + $μ$ + $μ$ 2). We also establish that this dimension tends to 4/3 (which is the dimension of the set of singular two-dimensional vectors) when $μ$ tends to 1/2. These results improve upon previous estimates of R. Baker, joint work of the first author with M. Laurent, and unpublished work of M. Laurent. We also prove a lower bound on the packing dimension that is strictly greater than the Hausdorff dimension for $μ$ $\ge$ 0.565. .. .
Response to Comment on (Novel two-dimensional porous graphitic carbon nitride C6N7 monolayer: A First-principle calculations [Appl. Phys. Lett. 2021, 119, 142102])
Creators: name: Bafekry, Asadollah
name: Faraji, Mehrdad
name: Fadlallah, Mohamed M.
name: Sarsari, I. Abdolhosseini
name: Jappor, Hamad R.
name: Fazeli, Sara
name: Ghergherehchi, Mitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, reported a comments on the our paper [Appl. Phys. Lett. 119, 142102 (2021)]. With our response, the APL journal rejected their non scientific comments. There are some ambiguities about their claim: 1-They can check the phonon dispersion of their structure to see ZA out-of-plane mode. 2-They report the uniaxial stress-strain responses in Fig 2., which is unrelated to our paper. For a more helpful understanding of the mechanical properties of the novel C6N7 monolayer, they can publish a paper. 3-They mentioned: Using the DFT method and with assuming a thickness of 3.35 A for the C6N7 monolayer based on graphene thickness. Why did they choose this thickness while we know our C6N7 monolayer is at without buckling? The distance of ZA out-of-plane movement of ions in C6N7 is different from Graphene.
description: 1 page
Riemannian Geometry of Optimal Driving and Thermodynamic Length and its Application to Chemical Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Loutchko, Dimitri
name: Sughiyama, Yuki
name: Kobayashi, Tetsuya J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: It is known that the trajectory of an endoreversibly driven system with minimal dissipation is a geodesic on the equilibrium state space. Thereby, the state space is equipped with the Riemannian metric given by the Hessian of the free energy function, known as Fisher information metric. However, the derivations given until now require both the system and the driving reservoir to be in local equilibrium. In the present work, we rederive the framework for chemical reaction networks and thereby enhance its scope of applicability to the nonequilibrium situation. Moreover, because our results are derived without restrictive assumptions, we are able to discuss phenomena that could not been seen previously. We introduce a suitable weighted Fisher information metric on the space of chemical concentrations and show that it characterizes the dissipation caused by diffusive driving, with arbitrary diffusion rate constants. This allows us to consider driving far from equilibrium. As the main result, we show that the isometric embedding of a steady state manifold into the concentration space yields a lower bound for the dissipation when the system is driven along the manifold. We give an analytic expression for this bound and for the corresponding geodesic, and thereby are able to dissect the contributions from the driving kinetics and from thermodynamics. Finally, we discuss in detail the application to quasi-thermostatic steady states.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
The effects of self-management strategies on measures of arithmetical task performance
Creators: name: Jackson, Henry J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Random Forests for Change Point Detection
Creators: name: Londschien, Malte
name: Bühlmann, Peter
name: Kovács, Solt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel multivariate nonparametric multiple change point detection method using classifiers. We construct a classifier log-likelihood ratio that uses class probability predictions to compare different change point configurations. We propose a computationally feasible search method that is particularly well suited for random forests, denoted by changeforest. However, the method can be paired with any classifier that yields class probability predictions, which we illustrate by also using a k-nearest neighbor classifier. We prove that it consistently locates change points in single change point settings when paired with a consistent classifier. Our proposed method changeforest achieves improved empirical performance in an extensive simulation study compared to existing multivariate nonparametric change point detection methods. An efficient implementation of our method is made available for R, Python, and Rust users in the changeforest software package.
Spectral Switch Anomalies in Sagnac Interferometer with respect to Galilean Frame
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Shouvik
name: Sadhukhan, Saikat
name: Brundavanam, Maruthi M
name: Narayanamurthy, C S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the spectral switch shift around spectral anomalies in a gyroscopic Sagnac interferometer which is normally used to calibrate the angular momentum of a gyroscope. The spectral shift in the rotating gyroscope is explained with respect to the longitudinal Doppler shift of the counter propagating beams in the Sagnac interferometer.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Stochastic switching of delayed feedback suppresses oscillations in genetic regulatory systems
Creators: name: Karamched, Bhargav R.
name: Miles, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Delays and stochasticity have both served as crucially valuable ingredients in mathematical descriptions of control, physical, and biological systems. In this work, we investigate how explicitly dynamical stochasticity in delays modulates the effect of delayed feedback. To do so, we consider a hybrid model where stochastic delays evolve by a continuous-time Markov chain, and between switching events, the system of interest evolves via a deterministic delay equation. Our main contribution is the calculation of an effective delay equation in the fast switching limit. This effective equation maintains the influence of all subsystem delays and cannot be replaced with a single effective delay. To illustrate the relevance of this calculation, we investigate a simple model of stochastically switching delayed feedback motivated by gene regulation. We show that sufficiently fast switching between two oscillatory subsystems can yield stable dynamics.
description: updated: 13 pages, 5 figures
Pointwise Maximal Leakage
Creators: name: Saeidian, Sara
name: Cervia, Giulia
name: Oechtering, Tobias J.
name: Skoglund, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a privacy measure called pointwise maximal leakage, generalizing the pre-existing notion of maximal leakage, which quantifies the amount of information leaking about a secret $X$ by disclosing a single outcome of a (randomized) function calculated on $X$. Pointwise maximal leakage is a robust and operationally meaningful privacy measure that captures the largest amount of information leaking about $X$ to adversaries seeking to guess arbitrary (possibly randomized) functions of $X$, or equivalently, aiming to maximize arbitrary gain functions. We study several properties of pointwise maximal leakage, e.g., how it composes over multiple outcomes, how it is affected by pre- and post-processing, etc. Furthermore, we propose to view information leakage as a random variable which, in turn, allows us to regard privacy guarantees as requirements imposed on different statistical properties of the information leakage random variable. We define several privacy guarantees and study how they behave under pre-processing, post-processing and composition. Finally, we examine the relationship between pointwise maximal leakage and other privacy notions such as local differential privacy, local information privacy, $f$-information, and so on. Overall, our paper constructs a robust and flexible framework for privacy risk assessment whose central notion has a strong operational meaning which can be adapted to a variety of applications and practical scenarios.
description: Results unchanged. New examples added. This version has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Vitreoretinal Surgical Robotic System with Autonomous Orbital Manipulation using Vector-Field Inequalities
Creators: name: Koyama, Yuki
name: Marinho, Murilo Marques
name: Harada, Kanako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vitreoretinal surgery pertains to the treatment of delicate tissues on the fundus of the eye using thin instruments. Surgeons frequently rotate the eye during surgery, which is called orbital manipulation, to observe regions around the fundus without moving the patient. In this paper, we propose the autonomous orbital manipulation of the eye in robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery with our tele-operated surgical system. In a simulation study, we preliminarily investigated the increase in the manipulability of our system using orbital manipulation. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of our method in experiments with a physical robot and a realistic eye model, showing an increase in the view-able area of the fundus when compared to a conventional technique. Source code and minimal example available at https://github.com/mmmarinho/icra2023_orbitalmanipulation.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted on ICRA2023
Kinematics of the jet in M87 on scales of 100 -- 1000 Schwarzschild radii
Creators: name: Mertens, F.
name: Lobanov, A. P.
name: Walker, R. C.
name: Hardee, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) imaging of radio emission from extragalactic jets provides a unique probe of physical mechanisms governing the launching, acceleration, and collimation of relativistic outflows. The two-dimensional structure and kinematics of the jet in M\,87 (NGC\,4486) have been studied by applying the Wavelet-based Image Segmentation and Evaluation (WISE) method to 11 images obtained from multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations made in January-August 2007 at 43 GHz ($λ= 7$ mm). The WISE analysis recovers a detailed two-dimensional velocity field in the jet in M\,87 at sub-parsec scales. The observed evolution of the flow velocity with distance from the jet base can be explained in the framework of MHD jet acceleration and Poynting flux conversion. A linear acceleration regime is observed up to $z_{obs} \sim 2$\,mas. The acceleration is reduced at larger scales, which is consistent with saturation of Poynting flux conversion. Stacked cross correlation analysis of the images reveals a pronounced stratification of the flow. The flow consists of a slow, mildly relativistic layer (moving at $β\sim 0.5\,c$), associated either with instability pattern speed or an outer wind, and a fast, accelerating stream line (with $β\sim 0.92$, corresponding to a bulk Lorentz factor $γ\sim 2.5$). A systematic difference of the apparent speeds in the northern and southern limbs of the jet is detected, providing evidence for jet rotation. The angular velocity of the magnetic field line associated with this rotation suggests that the jet in M87 is launched in the inner part of the disk, at a distance $r_0 \sim 5\, R_\mathrm{s}$ from the central engine. The combined results of the analysis imply that MHD acceleration and conversion of Poynting flux to kinetic energy play the dominant roles in collimation and acceleration of the flow in M\,87.
description: 20 pages, accepted in A&A
Kinetics of nano-size Ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Etesami, S. R.
name: Sukhov, A.
name: Berakdar, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the finite-temperature polarization dynamic in displacive-type ferroelectrics. In particular we consider the thermally-activated switching time of a single-domain ferroelectric polarization studied by means of the Landau-Khalatnikov equation, extended as to capture thermal fluctuations. The results are compared with the switching time formula that follows from the analytical solution of Pauli master equations. In a second step we focus on the phase diagram of a prototypical ferroelectric as described by the temperature-dependent Landau-Devonshire model including thermal fluctuations. Our simulations show the emergence of phase instability at reduced sizes which we attribute to thermal fluctuations in the order parameter in the respective phase. We conclude that, along with the temperature-dependent potential coefficients, thermal fluctuations should be taken into account to achieve a comprehensive description of the thermal behavior of reduced-size ferroelectrics. To endorse our conclusions, we simulated the electric-field activated switching time for a multi-domain system and compared the results to the predictions of well-established models such as the Kolmogorov-Avrami-Ishibashi.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Very-high energy emission from pulsars
Creators: name: Breed, M.
name: Venter, C.
name: Harding, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vast majority of pulsars detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) display exponentially cutoff spectra with cutoffs falling in a narrow band around a few GeV. Early spectral modelling predicted spectral cutoffs at energies of up to 100 GeV, assuming curvature radiation. It was therefore not expected that pulsars would be visible in the very-high energy (VHE) regime (>100 GeV). The VERITAS announcement of the detection of pulsed emission from the Crab pulsar at energies up to 400 GeV (and now up to 1.5 TeV as detected by MAGIC) therefore raised important questions about our understanding of the electrodynamics and local environment of pulsars. H.E.S.S. has now detected pulsed emission from the Vela pulsar down to tens of GeV, making this the second pulsar detected by a ground-based Cherenkov telescope. Deep upper limits have also been obtained by VERITAS and MAGIC for the Geminga pulsar. We will review the latest developments in VHE pulsar science, including an overview of the latest observations, refinements, and extensions to radiation models and magnetic field structures, and the implementation of new radiation mechanisms. This will assist us in understanding the VHE emission detected from the Crab pulsar, and predicting the level of VHE emission expected from other pulsars, which is very important for the upcoming CTA.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, conference proceedings of SAIP 2015
Dipolar polaritons in microcavity-embedded coupled quantum wells in electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Wilkes, J.
name: Muljarov, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a precise calculation of spatially-indirect exciton states in semiconductor coupled quantum wells and polaritons formed from their coupling to the optical mode of a microcavity. We include the presence of electric and magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the quantum well plane. Our model predicts the existence of polaritons which are in the strong coupling regime and at the same time possess a large static dipole moment. We demonstrate, in particular, that a magnetic field can compensate for the reduction in light-matter coupling that occurs when an electric field impresses a dipole moment on the polariton.