cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ngre Kataa, 2009 Field Notes
Creators: name: Stahl, Ann
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Brong-Ahafo (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/81064/brong-ahafo-state-territory
subject: Bono Region
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85399/bono-region
subject: Banda area
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85402/banda-area
subject: Republic of Ghana (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76091/republic-of-ghana-country
subject: Ngre phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/8275/ngre-phase
subject: Early Atlantic phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/8276/early-atlantic-phase
subject: West African
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/9229/west-african
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Iron Age
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/153/iron-age
subject: Ngre Kataa
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118509/ngre-kataa
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Village
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/396/village
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Dating Sample
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3/dating-sample
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: Field notes from the 2009 Banda Research Project field season at Ngre Kataa, Banda area, Bono Region (formerly Brong-Ahafo Region), Ghana, consisting of excavations focused on two mounds: 6, a metallurgical workshop; and 7, a house mound.Typed transcriptions of field notes are accompanied by traced plan and profile maps. Handwritten notes on scans of Ann Stahl's printed field notes and original field maps have been transcribed as comments to facilitate their use.
On the flexibility of the design of Multiple Try Metropolis schemes
Creators: name: Martino, Luca
name: Read, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Multiple Try Metropolis (MTM) method is a generalization of the classical Metropolis-Hastings algorithm in which the next state of the chain is chosen among a set of samples, according to normalized weights. In the literature, several extensions have been proposed. In this work, we show and remark upon the flexibility of the design of MTM-type methods, fulfilling the detailed balance condition. We discuss several possibilities and show different numerical results.
A time-dependent variational principle for dissipative dynamics
Creators: name: Kraus, Christina V.
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the time-dependent variational principle to the setting of dissipative dynamics. This provides a locally optimal (in time) approximation to the dynamics of any Lindblad equation within a given variational manifold of mixed states. In contrast to the pure-state setting there is no canonical information geometry for mixed states and this leads to a family of possible trajectories --- one for each information metric. We focus on the case of the operationally motivated family of monotone riemannian metrics and show further, that in the particular case where the variational manifold is given by the set of fermionic gaussian states all of these possible trajectories coincide. We illustrate our results in the case of the Hubbard model subject to spin decoherence.
description: Published version
title: Leonhard Christoph Sturm
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Leonhard Christoph Sturm as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Un'editoria Diamond OA di qualità
title: Diamond OA Standard (DOAS) e  sistemi di autovalutazione
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: PERUGINELLI, GINEVRA
name: AGNOLONI, TOMMASO
name: de Pablo Llorente, Virginia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: diamond OA
subject: Open Access Publishing
subject: Open Access Publishing/standards

description: Presentazione del Webinar dedicato agli editori istituzionali sullo standard Diamond OA (DOAS) e sugli strumenti di autovalutazione sviluppati nell’ambito del progetto Developing Institutional Open Access Publishing Models To Advance Scholarly Communication (DIAMAS), finalizzati a migliorare la qualità e la conformità agli standard dell’editoria ad accesso aperto Diamond.
Effective gravitational couplings for cosmological perturbations in the most general scalar-tensor theories with second-order field equations
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Horndeski's most general scalar-tensor theories the equations of scalar density perturbations are derived in the presence of non-relativistic matter minimally coupled to gravity. Under a quasi-static approximation on sub-horizon scales we obtain the effective gravitational coupling $G_{eff}$ associated with the growth rate of matter perturbations as well as the effective gravitational potential $Φ_{eff}$ relevant to the deviation of light rays. We then apply our formulas to a number of modified gravitational models of dark energy--such as those based on f(R) theories, Brans-Dicke theories, kinetic gravity braidings, covariant Galileons, and field derivative couplings with the Einstein tensor. Our results are useful to test the large-distance modification of gravity from the future high-precision observations of large-scale structure, weak lensing, and cosmic microwave background.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Random simple-homotopy theory
Creators: name: Benedetti, Bruno
name: Lai, Crystal
name: Lofano, Davide
name: Lutz, Frank H.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik
subject: simple-homotopy theory
subject: simplicial collapse and anticollapse
subject: pure elementary expansion
subject: bistellar flip

description: We implement an algorithm RSHT (random simple-homotopy) to study the simple-homotopy types of simplicial complexes, with a particular focus on contractible spaces and on finding substructures in higher-dimensional complexes. The algorithm combines elementary simplicial collapses with pure elementary expansions. For triangulated d-manifolds with d ≤ 6, we show that RSHT reduces to (random) bistellar flips. Among the many examples on which we test RSHT, we describe an explicit 15-vertex triangulation of the Abalone, and more generally, (14k + 1)-vertex triangulations of a new series of Bing’s houses with k rooms, k ≥ 3, which all can be deformed to a point using only six pure elementary expansions.
Ingroup favoritism and intergroup cooperation under indirect reciprocity based on group reputation
Creators: name: Masuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Indirect reciprocity in which players cooperate with unacquainted other players having good reputations is a mechanism for cooperation in relatively large populations subjected to social dilemma situations. When the population has group structure, as is often found in social networks, players in experiments are considered to show behavior that deviates from existing theoretical models of indirect reciprocity. First, players often show ingroup favoritism (i.e., cooperation only within the group) rather than full cooperation (i.e., cooperation within and across groups), even though the latter is Pareto efficient. Second, in general, humans approximate outgroup members' personal characteristics, presumably including the reputation used for indirect reciprocity, by a single value attached to the group. Humans use such a stereotypic approximation, a phenomenon known as outgroup homogeneity in social psychology. I propose a model of indirect reciprocity in populations with group structure to examine the possibility of ingroup favoritism and full cooperation. In accordance with outgroup homogeneity, I assume that players approximate outgroup members' personal reputations by a single reputation value attached to the group. I show that ingroup favoritism and full cooperation are stable under different social norms (i.e., rules for assigning reputations) such that they do not coexist in a single model. If players are forced to consistently use the same social norm for assessing different types of interactions (i.e., ingroup versus outgroup interactions), only full cooperation survives. The discovered mechanism is distinct from any form of group selection. The results also suggest potential methods for reducing ingroup bias to shift the equilibrium from ingroup favoritism to full cooperation.
description: 3 figures, 4 tables
The signature of the scattering between dark sectors in large scale cosmic microwave background anisotropies
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-Dong
name: Wang, Bin
name: Abdalla, Elcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between dark sectors by considering the momentum transfer caused by the dark matter scattering elastically within the dark energy fluid. Describing the dark scattering analogy to the Thomson scattering which couples baryons and photons, we examine the impact of the dark scattering in CMB observations. Performing global fitting with the latest observational data, we find that for a dark energy equation of state $w-1$, however, the constraints are poor. For $w=-1$, $σ_D$ can formally take any value.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Factorization method and new potentials from the inverted oscillator
Creators: name: Bermudez, David
name: C, David J. Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we will apply the first- and second-order supersymmetric quantum mechanics to obtain new exactly-solvable real potentials departing from the inverted oscillator potential. This system has some special properties; in particular, only very specific second-order transformations produce non-singular real potentials. It will be shown that these transformations turn out to be the so-called complex ones. Moreover, we will study the factorization method applied to the inverted oscillator and the algebraic structure of the new Hamiltonians.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. The new version has a new section for the algebras of the harmonic and inverted oscillators, a new appendix, and color figures
Cytotoxic steroidal saponins from the roots and rhizomes of Maianthemum henryi
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
name: Sun, Jing
name: Zhang, Xiaofei
name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Zhang, Xuan
name: Xue, Xuanji
name: Guo, Zengjun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Henryiosides F and G (1 and 2), two new steroidal saponins along with two known analogues (3 and 4) were obtained from the roots and rhizomes of Maianthemum henryi. Their structures were determined by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D-NMR, IR and HR-ESI-MS data analysis. Cytotoxic activity in human HepG2 and SW620 tumour cells were evaluated by the MTT method and all of the saponins exhibited cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 15.33 μM to 57.85 μM.
Hypersurfaces of Spin$^c$ manifolds and Lawson type correspondence
Creators: name: Nakad, Roger
name: Roth, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58C40, 53C27, 53C40, 53C80

description: Simply connected 3-dimensional homogeneous manifolds $E(κ, τ)$, with 4-dimensional isometry group, have a canonical Spin$^c$ structure carrying parallel or Killing spinors. The restriction to any hypersurface of these parallel or Killing spinors allows to characterize isometric immersions of surfaces into $E(κ, τ)$. As application, we get an elementary proof of a Lawson type correspondence for constant mean curvature surfaces in $E(κ, τ)$. Real hypersurfaces of the complex projective space and the complex hyperbolic space are also characterized via Spin$^c$ spinors.
description: to appear in Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry (AGAG)
On the Last 10 Billion Years of Stellar Mass Growth in Star-Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Leitner, Samuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The star formation rate - stellar mass relation (SFR-M*) and its evolution (i.e., the SFR main sequence) describes the growth rate of galaxies of a given stellar mass and at a given redshift. Assuming that present-day star-forming galaxies were always star-forming in the past, these growth rate observations can be integrated to calculate average star formation histories (SFHs). Using this Main Sequence Integration (MSI) approach, we trace present-day massive star-forming galaxies back to when they were 10-20% of their current stellar mass. The integration is robust throughout those epochs: the SFR data underpinning our calculations is consistent with the evolution of stellar mass density in this regime. Analytic approximations to these SFHs are provided. Integration-based results reaffirm previous suggestions that current star-forming galaxies formed virtually all of their stellar mass at z<2. It follows that massive galaxies observed at z>2 are not the typical progenitors of star-forming galaxies today. We also check MSI-based SFHs against those inferred from analysis of the fossil record -- from spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and color magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stars in dwarf irregular galaxies. Once stellar population age uncertainties are accounted for, the main sequence is in excellent agreement with SED-based SFHs (from VESPA). Extrapolating SFR main sequence observations to dwarf galaxies, we find differences between MSI results and SFHs from CMD analysis of ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury and Local Group galaxies. Resolved dwarfs appear to grow much slower than main sequence trends imply, and also slower than slightly higher mass SED-analyzed galaxies. This difference may signal problems with SFH determinations, but it may also signal a shift in star formation trends at the lowest stellar masses.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Cortico-cortical and cortico-muscular connectivity analysis : methods and application to Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Chiang, Joyce Hsien-Yin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The concept of brain connectivity provides a new perspective to the understanding of the mechanism underlying brain functions, complementing the traditional approach of analyzing neural activity of isolated regions. Among the existing connectivity analysis techniques, multivariate autoregressive (mAR)-based measures are of great interest for their ability to characterize both directionality and spectral property of cortical interactions. Yet, the direct estimation of mAR-based connectivity from scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) is confounded by volume conduction, statistical instability and inter-subject variability. In this thesis, we propose novel signal processing methods to enhance the existing mAR-based connectivity methods. First, we explore incorporating sparsity constraints into the mAR formulation at both subject level and group level using LASSO-based regression. We show by simulation that sparse mAR yields more stable and accurate connectivity estimates compared to the traditional, non-sparse approach. Furthermore, the group-wise sparsity simplifies the inference of group-level connectivity patterns from multi-subject data. To mitigate the effect of volume conduction, we investigate source-level connectivity and propose a state-space generalized mAR framework to jointly model the mixing effect of volume conduction and causal relationships between underlying neural sources. By jointly estimating the mixing process and mAR model parameters, the proposed technique demonstrates improved connectivity estimation performance. Finally, we expanded our connectivity analysis to cortico-muscular level by modeling the relationships between EEG and simultaneously recorded electromyography (EMG) data using a multiblock partial least square (mbPLS) framework. The hierarchical construction of the mbPLS framework provides a natural way to model multi-subject, multi-modal data, enabling the identification of maximally covarying common patterns from EEG and EMG across subjects. Applications of the proposed techniques to EEG and EMG data of healthy and Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects demonstrate that directional connectivity analysis is a more sensitive technique than traditional univariate spectral analysis in revealing complex effects of motor tasks and disease. Moreover, alternations in connectivity accurately predict disease severity in PD. These new analysis tools allow a better understanding of brain function and provide a basis for developing objective measures to assess progression of neurological diseases.
title: Gilles van der Heck
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Gilles van der Heck as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Phase diagram of iron-pnictides if doping acts as a disorder
Creators: name: Vavilov, M. G.
name: Chubukov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain and analyze the phase diagram of doped iron-pnictides under the assumption that doping adds non-magnetic impurities to the system but does not change the densities of carriers. We show that the phase diagram is quite similar to the one obtained under the opposite rigid band assumption. In both cases, there is a phase where extended s+- superconductivity and antiferromagnetism co-exist. We evaluate the jump of the specific heat at the superconducting transition across the phase diagram and show that the jump is non-monotonic, with the maximum at the onset of the co-existence phase. Our results are in quantitative agreement with experiments on some iron-pnictides.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, published version
The cultural whisper in our ear : intercultural dementia care in a Jewish long-term care facility
Creators: name: Stern, Louise Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Long-term care facilities are becoming more representative of the diverse ethno-cultural demographics of Canadian society in the make-up of residents, family and staff that live and work there. Therefore, it is entirely likely that care given and received in these facilities will be intercultural in nature. That is, the people caring for them may be from different ethno-cultural, racial and religious backgrounds than the people they are caring for. The impacts of this phenomenon on care provision within elder care settings, such as long-term care have not been adequately explored in the research literature, especially in a Canadian context. The purpose of this qualitative, ethnographic research study was to explore the impact of these intercultural dynamics on care for people with advanced dementia. This study took place over 9 months on a care unit based in a Jewish long-term care facility. The choice of an ethno-culturally specific facility allowed for an exploration of the culture concept in a setting in which culture and cultural identity are deeply embedded within daily life. Field work included approximately 210 hours of participant observation, 21 interviews with a diverse mix of staff and family members, 20 Dementia Care Mapping sessions with residents, and document analysis including resident care charts, and facility-based and systemic policies and procedures. The findings from this study illustrate the ways in which individuals and groups utilize the culture concept in a myriad of strategic and resourceful ways. They include: helping to secure scarce resources; to make sense of the differences that exist within the health care interactions and dementia care; to help position and locate oneself within the context of an overtly ethno-cultural and medical setting; and to challenge more dominant Western, medical paradigms about dementia, personhood and care that are specific to the end of the dementia process. Dementia care acted as a discursive space through which intercultural dynamics and negotiations were played out that represent and reflect the world outside of the facility. While this study was specific to a Jewish facility, the intercultural dynamic is applicable to a myriad of elder care settings which have different cultural configurations, inferring that the findings could be of benefit to recognizing and further exploring this topic.
title: Hans Caspar Heße
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Hans Caspar Heße as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Holographic Ricci dark energy: Interacting model and cosmological constraints
Creators: name: Fu, Tian-Fu
name: Zhang, Jing-Fei
name: Chen, Jin-Qian
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the holographic Ricci dark energy model to include some direct, non-gravitational interaction between dark energy and dark matter. We consider three phenomenological forms for the interaction term $Q$ in the model, namely, $Q$ is taken proportional to the Hubble expansion rate and the energy densities of dark sectors (taken to be $ρ_{\rm de}$, $ρ_{\rm m}$, and $ρ_{\rm de}+ρ_{\rm m}$, respectively). We obtain a uniform analytical solution to the three interacting models. Furthermore, we constrain the models by using the latest observational data, including the 557 Union2 type Ia supernovae data, the cosmic microwave background anisotropy data from the 7-yr WMAP, and the baryon acoustic oscillation data from the SDSS. We show that in the interacting models of the holographic Ricci dark energy, a more reasonable value of $Ω_{\rm m0}$ will be obtained, and the observations favor a rather strong coupling between dark energy and dark matter.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; to appear in EPJC; typos corrected, published version
title: J. G. Heermann
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: J. G. Heermann as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Diffractive gauge bosons production beyond QCD factorisation
Creators: name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Kopeliovich, Boris
name: Potashnikova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss single diffractive gauge bosons ($γ^*,\,W^{\pm},\,Z$) production in proton-proton collisions at different (LHC and RHIC) energies within the color dipole approach. The calculations are performed for gauge bosons produced at forward rapidities. The diffractive cross section is predicted as function of fractional momentum and invariant mass of the lepton pair. We found a dramatic breakdown of the diffractive QCD factorisation caused by an interplay of hard and soft interactions. Data from the CDF experiment on diffractive production of $W$ and $Z$ are well explained in a parameter free way.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures; a clarification of absorptive corrections has been added, typos corrected; the published version
title: Jost Heine von Heimburg
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Jost Heine von Heimburg as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
On the sign of the real part of the Riemann zeta-function
Creators: name: de Reyna, Juan Arias
name: Brent, Richard P.
name: van de Lune, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1
subject: 11M06 (Primary) 65-04, 65B99, 65E99, 65T40 (Secondary)

description: We consider the distribution of $\argζ(σ+it)$ on fixed lines $σ> \frac12$, and in particular the density \[d(σ) = \lim_{T \rightarrow +\infty} \frac{1}{2T} |\{t \in [-T,+T]: |\argζ(σ+it)| > π/2\}|\,,\] and the closely related density \[d_{-}(σ) = \lim_{T \rightarrow +\infty} \frac{1}{2T} |\{t \in [-T,+T]: \Reζ(σ+it) < 0\}|\,.\] Using classical results of Bohr and Jessen, we obtain an explicit expression for the characteristic function $ψ_σ(x)$ associated with $\argζ(σ+it)$. We give explicit expressions for $d(σ)$ and $d_{-}(σ)$ in terms of $ψ_σ(x)$. Finally, we give a practical algorithm for evaluating these expressions to obtain accurate numerical values of $d(σ)$ and $d_{-}(σ)$.
description: 22 pages, 3 tables. To appear in Proceedings of the International Number Theory Conference in Memory of Alf van der Poorten (Newcastle, Australia, 2011)
Fractionalization noise in edge channels of integer quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Neder, Izhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical calculation is presented of current noise which is due charge fractionalization, in two interacting edge channels in the integer quantum Hall state at filling factor $ν=2$. Because of the capacitive coupling between the channels, a tunneling event, in which an electron is transferred from a biased source lead to one of the two channels, generates propagating plasma mode excitations which carry fractional charges on the other edge channel. When these excitations impinge on a quantum point contact, they induce low-frequency current fluctuations with no net average current. A perturbative treatment in the weak tunneling regime yields analytical integral expressions for the noise as a function of the bias on the source. Asymptotic expressions of the noise in the limits of high and low bias are found.
title: Early Mail Transport in, and from, the Gulf 1798-1939/ Douglas N. Muir
Creators: name: Muir, Douglas N.
Publisher: name: National Library and Archives
Year: 2013
Subjects: Postal service - Arabian Gulf Region - History - 1798-1939
Transport - Arabian Gulf Region - History - 1798-1939

With the coming of organised transport also came the founding of local postal agencies. The rise of one depended on the other, but for many years there were very few agencies serving the whole Gulf. It also took a long time for mail to arrive, especially if a weekly, or fortnightly, steamer had just been missed. Transit time to Bombay was up to 14 days.Almost nothing has been published on the subject of mail transport in the Gulf. Even the magisterial volumes of documents reproduced and edited by Anita Burdett under the heading "Communications and Transport", despite the title, do not touch on sea mails or overland routes, only referring to airmails. This paper is intended to remedy that gap, as far as is possible.
title: Gottfried Teuber
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Gottfried Teuber as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Electron-hole transport and photovoltaic effect in gated MoS2 Schottky junctions
Creators: name: Fontana, Marcio
name: Deppe, Tristan
name: Boyd, Anthony K.
name: Rinzan, Mohamed
name: Liu, Amy Y.
name: Paranjape, Makarand
name: Barbara, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin MoS2 has recently emerged as a very attractive material for nanoscale optoelectronic devices. While n-type transport in MoS2 devices has been demonstrated, hole conduction has been more challenging. Here we show work-function engineering to be an effective approach for controlling the polarity of MoS2 devices. Gated multi-layer MoS2 transistors with Au source/drain contacts exhibit n-type operation, while those with Pd contacts are shown to have p-type behavior. Devices with one Au and one Pd contact exhibit asymmetric ambipolar behavior and diode characteristics over a wide range of gate voltage, as well as a sizable photovoltaic effect. We argue that the photovoltaic effect arises from the built-in potential of the space charge accumulated at the source and drain contacts.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Zero-point quantum fluctuations in cosmology
Creators: name: Hollenstein, Lukas
name: Jaccard, Maud
name: Maggiore, Michele
name: Mitsou, Ermis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the classic problem of the renormalization of zero-point quantum fluctuations in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background. We discuss a number of issues that arise when regularizing the theory with a momentum-space cutoff, and show explicitly how introducing non-covariant counter-terms allows to obtain covariant results for the renormalized vacuum energy-momentum tensor. We clarify some confusion in the literature concerning the equation of state of vacuum fluctuations. Further, we point out that the general structure of the effective action becomes richer if the theory contains a scalar field phi with mass m smaller than the Hubble parameter H(t). Such an ultra-light particle cannot be integrated out completely to get the effective action. Apart from the volume term and the Einstein-Hilbert term, that are reabsorbed into renormalizations of the cosmological constant and Newton's constant, the effective action in general also has a term proportional to F(phi)R, for some function F(phi). As a result, vacuum fluctuations of ultra-light scalar fields naturally lead to models where the dark energy density has the form rho_{DE}(t)=rho_X(t)+rho_Z(t), where rho_X is the component that accelerates the Hubble expansion at late times and rho_Z(t) is an extra contribution proportional to H^2(t). We perform a detailed comparison of such models with CMB, SNIa and BAO data.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. v3: refs added. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Measurement of the ZZ production cross section and limits on anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the ZZ production cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC is presented. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb^-1 collected in 2011, 12 events containing two Z boson candidates decaying to electrons and/or muons are observed. The expected background contribution is 0.3 +/- 0.3 (stat) ^{+0.4}_{-0.3} (syst.) events. The cross section measured in a phase-space region with good detector acceptance and for dilepton masses within the range 66 GeV to 116 GeV is sigma_{ZZ to ll ll}^{fid} = 19^{+6}_{-5} (stat.) +/- 1 (syst.) +/- 1 (lumi.) fb. This result is then used to derive the total cross section for on-shell ZZ production, sigma_{ZZ}^{tot}= 8.5^{+2.7}_{-2.3} (stat.)^{+0.4}_{-0.3} (syst.) +/- 0.3 (lumi.) pb, which is consistent with the Standard Model expectation of 6.5^{+0.3}_{-0.2} pb calculated at the next-to-leading order in QCD. Limits on anomalous neutral triple gauge boson couplings are derived.
description: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 2 tables, final version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Kaluza-Klein gauge and minimal integrable extension of OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model
Creators: name: Uvarov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basing upon experience from performing double-dimensional reduction of the D=11 supermembrane on AdS_4 x S^7 background to Type IIA superstring on AdS_4 x CP^3 we introduce Kaluza-Klein (partial) kappa-symmetry gauge as a vanishing condition of the contribution to the D=11 supervielbein components tangent to D=10 space-time proportional to the differential of the coordinate parametrizing compact 11-th space-time dimension, that is identified with the supermembrane world-volume compact dimension. For AdS_4 x S^7 supermembrane Kaluza-Klein gauge removes half Grassmann coordinates associated with 8 space-time supersymmetries, broken by the AdS_4 x CP^3 superbackground, by imposing D=3 (anti-)Majorana condition on them. The consideration relies on the realization of osp(4|8) isometry superalgebra of the AdS_4 x S^7 superbackground as D=3 N=8 superconformal algebra. Requiring further vanishing of the D=10 dilaton leaves in the sector of broken supersymmetries just two Grassmann coordinates organized into D=3 (anti-)Majorana spinor that defines minimal SL(2,R)-covariant extension of the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3)x U(3)) sigma-model. Among 4 possibilities of such a minimal extension we consider in detail one, that corresponds to picking out D=3 Majorana coordinate related to broken Poincare supersymmetry, and show that the AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring equations of motion in this partial kappa-symmetry gauge are integrable. Also the relation between the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model and the AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring is revisited.
description: LaTeX, 22 pages; v2: minor improvements in the text, typos corrected, references added
NorwegianVeterinaryInstitute/ORION_HandBook: Final ORION deliverable
Creators: name: Lagesen, Karin
name: Mixão, Verónica
name: Jeevan Karloss Antony-Samy
name: Haverkamp, Thomas H.A.
name: Fiskebeck, Eve Zeyl
name: Borges, Vítor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Results from ORION NGS and BeONE projects are documented here using ReadTheDocs
Lower Bound on Weights of Large Degree Threshold Functions
Creators: name: Podolskii, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An integer polynomial $p$ of $n$ variables is called a \emph{threshold gate} for a Boolean function $f$ of $n$ variables if for all $x \in \zoon$ $f(x)=1$ if and only if $p(x)\geq 0$. The \emph{weight} of a threshold gate is the sum of its absolute values. In this paper we study how large a weight might be needed if we fix some function and some threshold degree. We prove $2^{Ω(2^{2n/5})}$ lower bound on this value. The best previous bound was $2^{Ω(2^{n/8})}$ (Podolskii, 2009). In addition we present substantially simpler proof of the weaker $2^{Ω(2^{n/4})}$ lower bound. This proof is conceptually similar to other proofs of the bounds on weights of nonlinear threshold gates, but avoids a lot of technical details arising in other proofs. We hope that this proof will help to show the ideas behind the construction used to prove these lower bounds.
description: 17 pages, to appear in LMCS
Speeding up of microstructure reconstruction: I. Application to labyrinth patterns
Creators: name: Piasecki, R.
name: Olchawa, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, entropic descriptors based the Monte Carlo hybrid reconstruction of the microstructure of a binary/greyscale pattern has been proposed (Piasecki 2011 Proc. R. Soc. A 467 806). We try to speed up this method applied in this instance to the reconstruction of a binary labyrinth target. Instead of a random configuration, we propose to start with a suitable synthetic pattern created by cellular automaton. The occurrence of the characteristic attributes of the target is the key factor for reducing the computational cost that can be measured by the total number of MC steps required. For the same set of basic parameters, we investigated the following simulation scenarios: the biased/random alternately mixed #2m approach, the strictly biased #2b and the random/partially biased #2rp one. The series of 25 runs were performed for each scenario. To maintain comparable accuracy of the reconstructions, during the final stages the only selection procedure we used was the biased one. This allowed us to make the consistent comparison of the first three scenarios. The purely random #2r approach of low efficiency was included only for completeness of the approaches. Finally, for the conditions established, the best single reconstruction and the best average tolerance value among all the scenarios were given by the mixed #2m method, which was also the fastest one. The slightly slower the alternative #2b and #2rp variants provided comparable but less satisfactory results.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, published version
title: Wolf Adam von der Thanne
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Wolf Adam von der Thanne as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Towards an understanding of coupled carbon, water and nitrogen dynamics at sand, landscape and regional scales
Creators: name: Chen, Baozhang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: One of the critical issues in the prognoses of future climate change is a comprehensive understanding of the global carbon budget. Progress in C balance studies has been achieved either at stand or at continental scales. However, the coupled terrestrial carbon, nitrogen and hydrological dynamics are yet far from well understood and methods to estimate the land-atmosphere carbon fluxes at the landscape and regional scales are notably lacking. The major findings of this dissertation research are as follows: First, this dissertation improves our understanding of the terrestrial C processes, for example, at Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest: (i) Although the majority of carbon sequestration occurred during March through June, May through August was responsible for about 80% of the inter-annual variability of net ecosystem productivity (NEP). The major drivers of inter-annual variability of annual carbon fluxes were annual and spring mean temperatures (Ta) and water deficiency during late summer to autumn; (ii) Monthly GPP was linearly correlated with photosynthetic active radiation (Q) (r² = 0.85) and monthly Re was exponentially correlated with Ta (r² = 0.94); (iii) The responses of NEP to changes of Ta and Q were positive during the first and last four months of the year but were negative during the middle four months of the year. (iv) N fertilization increased annual NEP by ~83%, in the first year, resulted from increases in annual GPP by ~8% and from decreases in annual Re by ~5.8%. Secondly, this dissertation develops a pragmatic algorithm with synergy of footprint climatology and geospatial analyses for assessing the spatial representativeness of eddy-covariance flux tower measurements. This algorithm was then applied to the Canadian Carbon Program network. Thirdly, this dissertation develops an innovative up-scaling strategy by integrating ecosystem modeling, footprint climatology modeling, remote sensing, and data-model fusion for the scaling of C fluxes at stand, landscape and regional scales. And fourth, this dissertation develops an analytical scalar concentration footprint model to assess the influences of land surface heterogeneity on tower CO2 concentration measurements.Summarily, this dissertation research provides a sound basis for shaping future climate change adaptation policy related to carbon management
Modular Data and Verlinde Formulae for Fractional Level WZW Models I
Creators: name: Creutzig, Thomas
name: Ridout, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The modular properties of fractional level affine sl(2)-theories and, in particular, the application of the Verlinde formula, have a long and checkered history in conformal field theory. Recent advances in logarithmic conformal field theory have led to the realisation that problems with fractional level models stem from trying to build the theory with an insufficiently rich category of representations. In particular, the appearance of negative fusion coefficients for admissible highest weight representations is now completely understood. Here, the modular story for certain fractional level theories is completed. Modular transformations are derived for the complete set of admissible irreducible representations when the level is k=-1/2 or k=-4/3. The S-matrix data and Verlinde formula are then checked against the known fusion rules with complete agreement. Finally, an infinite set of modular invariant partition functions is constructed in each case.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures. v2: corrected a typo or two
On optical rotation and selective transmission in ambichiral sculptured thin films
Creators: name: Babaei, Ferydon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical rotation and selective transmission spectrum of ambichiral sculptured thin films using transfer matrix method have been calculated. The results of optical modeling showed that optical characteristics ambichiral sculptured thin films are the same as chiral sculptured thin films in lower angular rotations. In higher angular rotations appear two circular Bragg regimes. The primary at shorter wavelengths reflects LCP light and the secondary at longer wavelengths reflects RCP light. The optical properties of ambichiral sculptured thin films with twist and layer defects as spectral holes in circular Bragg regimes have been reported.
description: 9 pages,3 figures
Determining the Solution Space of Vertex-Cover by Interactions and Backbones
Creators: name: Wei, Wei
name: Zhang, Renquan
name: Guo, Binghui
name: Zheng, Zhiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To solve the combinatorial optimization problems especially the minimal Vertex-cover problem with high efficiency, is a significant task in theoretical computer science and many other subjects. Aiming at detecting the solution space of Vertex-cover, a new structure named interaction between nodes is defined and discovered for random graph, which results in the emergence of the frustration and long-range correlation phenomenon. Based on the backbones and interactions with a node adding process, we propose an Interaction and Backbone Evolution Algorithm to achieve the reduced solution graph, which has a direct correspondence to the solution space of Vertex-cover. By this algorithm, the whole solution space can be obtained strictly when there is no leaf-removal core on the graph and the odd cycles of unfrozen nodes bring great obstacles to its efficiency. Besides, this algorithm possesses favorable exactness and has good performance on random instances even with high average degrees. The interaction with the algorithm provides a new viewpoint to solve Vertex-cover, which will have a wide range of applications to different types of graphs, better usage of which can lower the computational complexity for solving Vertex-cover.
Coefficient of restitution for wet particles
Creators: name: Gollwitzer, Frank
name: Rehberg, Ingo
name: Kruelle, Christof A.
name: Huang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of a wetting liquid on the coefficient of restitution (COR) is investigated experimentally by tracing freely falling particles bouncing on a wet surface. The dependence of the COR on the impact velocity and various properties of the particle and the wetting liquid is presented and discussed in terms of dimensionless numbers that characterize the interplay between inertial, viscous, and surface forces. In the Reynolds number regime where the lubrication theory does not apply, the ratio of the film thickness to the particle size is found to be a crucial parameter determining the COR.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures