cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Promoting Research Integrity in Africa: An African Voice of Concern on Research Misconduct and the Way Forward: Promoting Research Integrity in Africa
Creators: name: Tshifugula, Nyanyukweni Pandeni
name: Randrianasolo, Bodo
name: Ranaivo, Naina
name: Ramiandrisoa, Felasoa Noroseheno
name: Dlamini, Priscilla S.
name: Njadingwe, Dimpho
name: Kombe, Francis
name: Wassenaar, Douglas
name: Chinyama, Jonathan
name: Akindeh, Perpetua
name: Mwalukore, Salim
name: Anunobi, Eucharia Nkechinyere
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: African researchers and their collaborators have been making significant contributions to useful research findings and discoveries in Africa. Despite evidence of scientific misconduct even in heavily regulated research environments, there is little documented information that supports prevalence of research misconduct in Africa. Available literature on research misconduct has focused on the developed world, where credible research integrity systems are already in place.
title: Towards the validation of thermoacoustic modelling in aerospace structures
Creators: name: Sebastian, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The research presented in this thesis has been performed over the course of three years under funding from the European Office of the United States Air Force (EAORD) as a part of a long-term project to collect high quality data for the validation of computational mechanics models of thermoacoustic loading. The focus is on the adaptation of stereoscopic (3D) Digital Image Correlation for use in a combined thermal and high temperature measurements. To that end, a background is provided which highlights the current state of the art in high temperature, vibration experiments and data acquisition. A system is described in which a pulsed laser of duration 4 nanoseconds is used to capture high-quality displacement and strain data from vibrating components (PL- DIC). Based on this a novel method of capturing data from a component subjected to random excitation was developed. A laser vibrometer was used along with a custom LabVIEW program to trigger the pulsed laser relative to points of maximum velocity in the components vibration cycle. A dynamic calibration procedure was performed of both a high speed DIC system and the Pulsed-Laser DIC system to assess and compare the measurement uncertainty from the respective systems. It is crucial to know the uncertainty in experimental data when using it for the validation of computational models. A new way to validate computational models of vibration behavior using full-field DIC data and image decomposition is described. This is a phasic approach in which data from the entire cycle of vibration is used. The validation assessment is performed using the expanded uncertainty calculated and a concordance correlation coefficient. An example is provided using an aerospace component to validate four different simulation conditions of a modal frequency response model. An apparatus was designed and built which uses a 10 kW array of quartz lamps to reproduce some aspects of the heating provided by the Air Force test chambers. Experiments were performed in collaboration with the University of Illinois using induction heating and a small Hastelloy plate. A thermal buckling phenomena was observed using the PL-DIC system, the first full-field results of such.
Mammary ductal morphogenesis requires paracrine activation of stromal EGFR via ADAM17-dependent shedding of epithelial amphiregulin
Creators: name: Sternlicht, M. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk is essential for tissue morphogenesis, but incompletely understood. Postnatal mammary gland development requires epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligand amphiregulin (AREG), which generally must be cleaved from its transmembrane form in order to function. As the transmembrane metalloproteinase ADAM17 can process AREG in culture and Adam17−/− mice tend to phenocopy Egfr−/− mice, we examined the role of each of these molecules in mammary development. Tissue recombination and transplantation studies revealed that EGFR phosphorylation and ductal development occur only when ADAM17 and AREG are expressed on mammary epithelial cells, whereas EGFR is required stromally, and that local AREG administration can rescue Adam17−/− transplants. Several EGFR agonists also stimulated Adam17−/− mammary organoid growth in culture, but only AREG was expressed abundantly in the developing ductal system in vivo. Thus, ADAM17 plays a crucial role in mammary morphogenesis by releasing AREG from mammary epithelial cells, thereby eliciting paracrine activation of stromal EGFR and reciprocal responses that regulate mammary epithelial development.
Tbx5 and Tbx20 act synergistically to control vertebrate heart morphogenesis
Creators: name: Brown, D. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Members of the T-box family of proteins play a fundamental role in patterning the developing vertebrate heart; however, the precise cellular requirements for any one family member and the mechanism by which individual T-box genes function remains largely unknown. In this study, we have investigated the cellular and molecular relationship between two T-box genes, Tbx5 and Tbx20. We demonstrate that blocking Tbx5 or Tbx20 produces phenotypes that display a high degree of similarity, as judged by overall gross morphology, molecular marker analysis and cardiac physiology, implying that the two genes are required for and have non-redundant functions in early heart development. In addition, we demonstrate that although co-expressed, Tbx5 and Tbx20 are not dependent on the expression of one another, but rather have a synergistic role during early heart development. Consistent with this proposal, we show that TBX5 and TBX20 can physically interact and map the interaction domains, and we show a cellular interaction for the two proteins in cardiac development, thus providing the first evidence for direct interaction between members of the T-box gene family.
MES-4: an autosome-associated histone methyltransferase that participates in silencing the X chromosomes in the C. elegans germ line
Creators: name: Bender, L. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Germ cell development in C. elegans requires that the X chromosomes be globally silenced during mitosis and early meiosis. We previously found that the nuclear proteins MES-2, MES-3, MES-4 and MES-6 regulate the different chromatin states of autosomes versus X chromosomes and are required for germline viability. Strikingly, the SET-domain protein MES-4 is concentrated on autosomes and excluded from the X chromosomes. Here, we show that MES-4 has histone H3 methyltransferase (HMT) activity in vitro, and is required for histone H3K36 dimethylation in mitotic and early meiotic germline nuclei and early embryos. MES-4 appears unlinked to transcription elongation, thus distinguishing it from other known H3K36 HMTs. Based on microarray analysis, loss of MES-4 leads to derepression of X-linked genes in the germ line. We discuss how an autosomally associated HMT may participate in silencing genes on the X chromosome, in coordination with the direct silencing effects of the other MES proteins.
Drosophila Varicose, a member of a new subgroup of basolateral MAGUKs, is required for septate junctions and tracheal morphogenesis
Creators: name: Beitel, G. J.
name: Paul, S. M.
name: Banerjee, S.
name: Yu, M. H.
name: Bhat, M. A.
name: Liang, Z.
name: Wu, V. M.
name: Paik, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Epithelial tubes are the functional units of many organs, but little is known about how tube sizes are established. Using the Drosophila tracheal system as a model, we previously showed that mutations in varicose (vari) cause tubes to become elongated without increasing cell number. Here we show vari is required for accumulation of the tracheal size-control proteins Vermiform and Serpentine in the tracheal lumen. We also show that vari is an essential septate junction (SJ) gene encoding a membrane associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK). In vivo analyses of domains important for MAGUK scaffolding functions demonstrate that while the Vari HOOK domain is essential, the L27 domain is dispensable. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that Vari helps define a new MAGUK subgroup that includes mammalian PALS2. Importantly, both Vari and PALS2 are basolateral, and the interaction of Vari with the cell-adhesion protein Neurexin IV parallels the interaction of PALS2 and another cell-adhesion protein, Necl-2. Vari therefore bolsters the similarity between Drosophila and vertebrate epithelial basolateral regions, which had previously been limited to the common basolateral localization of Scrib, Dlg and Lgl, proteins required for epithelial polarization at the beginning of embryogenesis. However, by contrast to Scrib, Dlg and Lgl, Vari is not required for cell polarity but rather is part of a cell-adhesion complex. Thus, Vari fundamentally extends the similarity of Drosophila and vertebrate basolateral regions from sharing only polarity complexes to sharing both polarity and cell-adhesion complexes.
Rainbow metric formalism and Relative Locality
Creators: name: Loret, Niccoló
name: Barcaroli, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This proceeding is based on a talk prepared for the XIII Marcell Grossmann meeting. We summarise some results of work in progress in collaboration with Giovanni Amelino-Camelia about momentum dependent (Rainbow) metrics in a Relative Locality framework and we show that this formalism is equivalent to the Hamiltonian formalization of Relative Locality obtained in arXiv:1102.4637.
description: appears in Proceedings of the 13th Marcell Grossmann meeting on General Relativity, World Scientific, Singapore, (2014)
Multiple dose-dependent roles for Sox2 in the patterning and differentiation of anterior foregut endoderm
Creators: name: Hogan, B. L. M.
name: Taranova, O.
name: Okubo, T.
name: Morrisey, E. E.
name: Nam, K.-T.
name: Goldenring, J. R.
name: Kurotani, R.
name: Que, J.
name: Pevny, L. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Sox2 is expressed in developing foregut endoderm, with highest levels in the future esophagus and anterior stomach. By contrast, Nkx2.1 (Titf1) is expressed ventrally, in the future trachea. In humans, heterozygosity for SOX2 is associated with anopthalmiaesophageal-genital syndrome (OMIM 600992), a condition including esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), in which the trachea and esophagus fail to separate. Mouse embryos heterozygous for the null allele, Sox2EGFP, appear normal. However, further reductions in Sox2, using Sox2LP and Sox2COND hypomorphic alleles, result in multiple abnormalities. Approximately 60% of Sox2EGFP/COND embryos have EA with distal TEF in which Sox2 is undetectable by immunohistochemistry or western blot. The mutant esophagus morphologically resembles the trachea, with ectopic expression of Nkx2.1, a columnar, ciliated epithelium, and very few p63+ basal cells. By contrast, the abnormal foregut of Nkx2.1-null embryos expresses elevated Sox2 and p63, suggesting reciprocal regulation of Sox2 and Nkx2.1 during early dorsal/ventral foregut patterning. Organ culture experiments further suggest that FGF signaling from the ventral mesenchyme regulates Sox2 expression in the endoderm. In the 40% Sox2EGFP/COND embryos in which Sox2 levels are ~18% of wild type there is no TEF. However, the esophagus is still abnormal, with luminal mucus-producing cells, fewer p63+ cells, and ectopic expression of genes normally expressed in glandular stomach and intestine. In all hypomorphic embryos the forestomach has an abnormal phenotype, with reduced keratinization, ectopic mucus cells and columnar epithelium. These findings suggest that Sox2 plays a second role in establishing the boundary between the keratinized, squamous esophagus/forestomach and glandular hindstomach.
title: Immune responses against human herpes virus 6
Creators: name: Halawi, Mustafa
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Human herpes virus 6 (HHV6) infects the majority of individuals in childhood, followed by a lifelong asymptomatic latent infection. However, in immunosuppressed individuals reactivation of HHV6 can cause significant clinical pathology. Recent successes with adoptive T cell therapy against other viral infections, notably the human herpes viruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), suggest that this may be a useful therapeutic approach for HHV6-driven disease in immunosuppressed individuals. However, very few studies have been carried out analysing the immune response to HHV6 in any detail. This thesis was aimed at characterising the CD8+ T cell response to HHV6 in a group of healthy individuals, with the aim of mapping and characterising novel CD8+ T cell epitopes. Initial studies included four HHV6B antigens (U11, U39, U54 and U90), predicted to be immunogenic based on their HCMV homologues. Whole antigen peptide mixes (pepmixes) were used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy subjects. T cell responses were analysed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) after overnight stimulation and/or by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ELISpot assay after 10 days of stimulation. For responses to U11 and U90, peptides libraries were used to map minimum CD8+ restricted epitopes. Further characterisation of HHV6B-specific T cells was carried out by identifying the HLA restriction elements and determining whether these T cells were capable of killing HHV6B-infected cells. PBMC from 30 healthy donors were stimulated with pepmixes corresponding to HHV-6B antigens U11, U39, U54 and U90. A weak CD8+ response (0.02-0.2%) to U90 and U54 was observed in a number of donors. Short-term in-vitro reactivations of PBMC (in 25 healthy donors) with HHV6B pepmixes followed by analysis of antigen and peptide specific response were performed by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. T cell responses to U54, U90, U11 and U39 were observed in 88%, 84%, 76% and 72% of the donors, respectively. Subsequently, the breadth of epitope specificity within U90 and U11 was screened for 9 healthy donors; with successful identification of 10 CD8+ T cells specific (9-mer) epitopes within these antigens. Seven of them were within U90 antigens and three of them were within U11 antigens. Allelic association of the U90 epitopes were; VEESIKEIL - B40 (60), FESLLFPEL - B40 (60), NLITAAKNI - A2, ITAAKNIGI - A2, LNIDPSESI - A1, PSKSKKIKL - A29, NHCFINHFV - B39. Allelic association of the 2 U11 epitopes were LKTQRRHKF - B37 and GILDFGVKL - A2; the HLA association for FNAVYSQRV was not identified. CD8+ T cell populations specific to some of these epitopes were also able to kill HHV6B infected cells. HHV6B T cells responses are detectable in healthy donors. Peptide specific responses against U11 and U90 have been mapped and characterised. These findings are relevant to the development of T cell mediated immunotherapy of HHV6-associated diseases.
SHP-2 is required for the maintenance of cardiac progenitors
Creators: name: Goetz, S. C.
name: Conlon, F. L.
name: Swanik, J. T.
name: Langdon, Y. G.
name: Berg, A. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The isolation and culturing of cardiac progenitor cells has demonstrated that growth factor signaling is required to maintain cardiac cell survival and proliferation. In this study, we demonstrate in Xenopus that SHP-2 activity is required for the maintenance of cardiac precursors in vivo. In the absence of SHP-2 signaling, cardiac progenitor cells downregulate genes associated with early heart development and fail to initiate cardiac differentiation. We further show that this requirement for SHP-2 is restricted to cardiac precursor cells undergoing active proliferation. By demonstrating that SHP-2 is phosphorylated on Y542/Y580 and that it binds to FRS-2, we place SHP-2 in the FGF pathway during early embryonic heart development. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inhibition of FGF signaling mimics the cellular and biochemical effects of SHP-2 inhibition and that these effects can be rescued by constitutively active/Noonan-syndrome-associated forms of SHP-2. Collectively, these results show that SHP-2 functions within the FGF/MAPK pathway to maintain survival of proliferating populations of cardiac progenitor cells.
Modeling the pion Generalized Parton Distribution
Creators: name: Mezrag, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the pion Generalized Parton Distribution (GPD) in a valence dressed quarks approach. We model the Mellin moments of the GPD using Ansätze for Green functions inspired by the numerical solutions of the Dyson-Schwinger Equations (DSE) and the Bethe-Salpeter Equation (BSE). Then, the GPD is reconstructed from its Mellin moment using the Double Distribution (DD) formalism. The agreement with available experimental data is very good.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, proceeding of the 21st International Symposium on Spin Physics, October 20-24 2014, Beijing, China
title: Shape coexistence in the proton-unbound nucleus 177Au
Creators: name: Ali, Fuad
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Excited states of the proton-unbound nucleus 177Au have been populated following the 92Mo(88Sr,2pn) reaction in an experiment performed at the University of Jyv�askyl�a Accelerator Laboratory. Gamma rays detected in the JUROGAM spectrometer were correlated with the characteristic � decays of 177Au detected following a recoil implantation in the GREAT spectrometer. A large number of transitions (� 60 rays) have been assigned unambiguously to 177Au and ordered into four collective band structures and other singleparticle excitations. Several intruder con�gurations formed by single-proton excitations across the Z = 82 shell gap have been established. These have been interpreted as �i13=2, �f7=2 � h9=2 and �h9=2 prolate con�gurations. It has been established that the �i13=2 and �f7=2 �h9=2 bands have decay paths to both the positive-parity mixed (1/2+� 3/2+) ground state and the negative-parity 11/2
The earliest occurrence of Equus in South Asia
Creators: name: Singh, Naveen
name: Jukar, Advait M.
name: Rana, Rajendra S.
name: Patel, Raman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Mental Health

description: Fossil horses are ubiquitous members of late Neogene and Quaternary ecosystems in Eurasia and Africa. The genus Equus is conventionally thought to be a Pleistocene immigrant into Eurasia from North America, and the concurrent appearance of these monodactyl equids in Eurasia around 2.58 Ma is accepted as the Equus Datum. Here, we report on a specimen of Equus found near the village of Jhil, from the latest Pliocene of the Upper Siwaliks of India. The specimen was recovered from sediments that are lithologically equivalent to the Upper Pliocene Saketi Formation, and have been dated paleomagnetically to lie just below the Gauss–Matuyama boundary, therefore, the latest Pliocene. Our comparative work shows that the anatomy of Jhil specimen is consistent with the Early Pleistocene Siwalik horse, Equus sivalensis. Our finding extends the temporal distribution of this species into the latest Pliocene, and adds to our understanding of the variation in this species of horse. We also argue that along with potential latest Pliocene occurrences of Equus from Europe, and accounting for the Signor–Lipps effect, the Equus Datum should be revised as a latest Pliocene event.
MPEC 2023-R07 : 2016 FC168
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2016 FC168

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
BMP signaling negatively regulates bone mass through sclerostin by inhibiting the canonical Wnt pathway
Creators: name: Mishina, Y.
name: Yamauchi, M.
name: Ye, L.
name: Feng, J. Q.
name: Kamiya, N.
name: Mochida, Y.
name: Kronenberg, H. M.
name: Kobayashi, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are known to induce ectopic bone. However, it is largely unknown how BMP signaling in osteoblasts directly regulates endogenous bone. This study investigated the mechanism by which BMP signaling through the type IA receptor (BMPR1A) regulates endogenous bone mass using an inducible Cre-loxP system. When BMPR1A in osteoblasts was conditionally disrupted during embryonic bone development, bone mass surprisingly was increased with upregulation of canonical Wnt signaling. Although levels of bone formation markers were modestly reduced, levels of resorption markers representing osteoclastogenesis were severely reduced, resulting in a net increase in bone mass. The reduction of osteoclastogenesis was primarily caused by Bmpr1a-deficiency in osteoblasts, at least through the RANKL-OPG pathway. Sclerostin (Sost) expression was downregulated by about 90% and SOST protein was undetectable in osteoblasts and osteocytes, whereas the Wnt signaling was upregulated. Treatment of Bmpr1a-deficient calvariae with sclerostin repressed the Wnt signaling and restored normal bone morphology. By gain of Smad-dependent BMPR1A signaling in mice, Sost expression was upregulated and osteoclastogenesis was increased. Finally, the Bmpr1a-deficient bone phenotype was rescued by enhancing BMPR1A signaling, with restoration of osteoclastogenesis. These findings demonstrate that BMPR1A signaling in osteoblasts restrain endogenous bone mass directly by upregulating osteoclastogenesis through the RANKL-OPG pathway, or indirectly by downregulating canonical Wnt signaling through sclerostin, a Wnt inhibitor and a bone mass mediator.
Directional properties of polar paramagnetic molecules subject to congruent electric, magnetic and optical fields
Creators: name: Sharma, Ketan
name: Friedrich, Bretislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that congruent electric, magnetic and non-resonant optical fields acting concurrently on a polar paramagnetic (and polarisable) molecule offer possibilities to both amplify and control the directionality of the ensuing molecular states that surpass those available in double-field combinations or in single fields alone. At the core of these triple-field effects is the lifting of the degeneracy of the projection quantum number $M$ by the magnetic field superimposed on the optical field and a subsequent coupling of the members of the "doubled" (for states with $M \neq 0$) tunneling doublets due to the optical field by even a weak electrostatic field.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures. Submitted to New Journal of Physics
Multiple Notch signaling events control Drosophila CNS midline neurogenesis, gliogenesis and neuronal identity
Creators: name: Stagg, S. B.
name: Crews, S. T.
name: Wheeler, S. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The study of how transcriptional control and cell signaling influence neurons and glia to acquire their differentiated properties is fundamental to understanding CNS development and function. The Drosophila CNS midline cells are an excellent system for studying these issues because they consist of a small population of diverse cells with well-defined gene expression profiles. In this paper, the origins and differentiation of midline neurons and glia were analyzed. Midline precursor (MP) cells each divide once giving rise to two neurons; here, we use a combination of single-cell gene expression mapping and time-lapse imaging to identify individual MPs, their locations, movements and stereotyped patterns of division. The role of Notch signaling was investigated by analyzing 37 midline-expressed genes in Notch pathway mutant and misexpression embryos. Notch signaling had opposing functions: it inhibited neurogenesis in MP1,3,4 and promoted neurogenesis in MP5,6. Notch signaling also promoted midline glial and median neuroblast cell fate. This latter result suggests that the median neuroblast resembles brain neuroblasts that require Notch signaling, rather than nerve cord neuroblasts, the formation of which is inhibited by Notch signaling. Asymmetric MP daughter cell fates also depend on Notch signaling. One member of each pair of MP3–6 daughter cells was responsive to Notch signaling. By contrast, the other daughter cell asymmetrically acquired Numb, which inhibited Notch signaling, leading to a different fate choice. In summary, this paper describes the formation and division of MPs and multiple roles for Notch signaling in midline cell development, providing a foundation for comprehensive molecular analyses.
Gravitational collapse in brane-worlds revisited
Creators: name: Garcia-Aspeitia, Miguel A.
name: Ortiz, C.
name: Lopez-Dominguez, J. C.
name: Hinojosa-Ruiz, Sinhue
name: Reyes-Ibarra, Mayra J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is dedicated to revisit the modifications caused by branes in the collapse of a stellar structure under the Snyder-Oppenheimer scheme. Due to the homogeneity and isotropy of the model, we choose study the case of a closed geometry described by $k=1$, through the tool of dynamical systems. We revisit the different components of the star and its evolution during the stellar collapse, paying particular attention to the non-local effects and the quadratic terms of the energy momentum tensor that come from branes corrections. In the same vein we realize a phase portrait together with a stability analysis with the aim of obtain information about the attractors or saddle points of the dynamical system under different initial conditions in the density parameters, remarking the parameters that come from branes contributions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The chromatin-remodeling enzyme BRG1 plays an essential role in primitive erythropoiesis and vascular development
Creators: name: Magnuson, T.
name: Brennan, J.
name: Griffin, C. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes contribute to the proper temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression in mammalian embryos and therefore play important roles in a number of developmental processes. SWI/SNF-like chromatin-remodeling complexes use one of two different ATPases as their catalytic subunit: brahma (BRM, also known as SMARCA2) and brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1, also known as SMARCA4). We have conditionally deleted a floxed Brg1 allele with a Tie2-Cre transgene, which is expressed in developing hematopoietic and endothelial cells. Brg1fl/fl:Tie2-Cre+ embryos die at midgestation from anemia, as mutant primitive erythrocytes fail to transcribe embryonic α-and β-globins, and subsequently undergo apoptosis. Additionally, vascular remodeling of the extraembryonic yolk sac is abnormal in Brg1fl/fl:Tie2-Cre+ embryos. Importantly, Brm deficiency does not exacerbate the erythropoietic or vascular abnormalities found in Brg1fl/fl:Tie2-Cre+ embryos, implying that Brg1-containing SWI/SNF-like complexes, rather than Brm-containing complexes, play a crucial role in primitive erythropoiesis and in early vascular development.
title: The lost gallery: John Garstang and Turkey – a postcolonial reading
Creators: name: Rutland, Francoise
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: This research aims to evaluate the construction of Turkey and the “Oriental other” in Colonial Britain at the turn of the 20th century through a post-colonial theoretical perspective presented through the analysis of various data regarding the 'Aegean & Hittite Collections' gallery at the Public Museum Liverpool (now World Museum) from 1931 till the Blitz of June 1941. The sources include undocumented archives such as field notes, postcards and correspondence and what remains of the 'Garstang Hittite Collection' held at National Museums Liverpool (NML). A full investigation into how the collection was put together through curatorial and archaeological methods, what it consisted of, why these specific objects were chosen and what value were attributed by the collector and curators of the time along with gallery pals and visitors’’ guide book will allow for valid reconstruction and re-interpretation of the “Aegean & Hittite Gallery”. Furthermore I shall also explore the value of displaying a substantial collection of Hittite casts at a time when such objects were tools for Classical and Neo-Classical artistic education, understood by contemporary British society to be the pinnacle of artistic achievement. This Neo-Hittite imagery had no artistic value attributed to it and was displayed in a context of educational value for the lower social classes who could not perceive the ‘high’ arts involved in Classical Greek culture that had been adopted by aristocratic Britain as the paradigm for its own colonial identity; popularly reinforced nationally through various media, including exhibitions such as this, and also internationally through neo-Classical architectural design e.g. The Liverpool Acropolis. My thesis also relates the above premises with the life and work of Prof. John Garstang, his role within the Institute of Archaeology in Liverpool, his contribution to the “Aegean & Hittite Collections' gallery, his role as archaeological agent for private collectors, his work ethics and methodologies and his later role as establisher of British archaeological institutes in Jerusalem, Amman and Ankara. Academic reception of Hittite archaeology in Britain and the newly-formed nation-state of Turkey following the abolition of Ottoman rule in 1923 will also be considered especially regarding Garstang’s standing as a British archaeologist contributing to the Kemâlist Turkish capital city of Ankara in 1947. This research will place the Hittite Gallery’s contents and displays within their archaeological, cultural and intellectual contexts but also aims to explore the political use of contemporaneous Hittite archaeological negotiation both in Britain and Turkey at such a tumultuous time bound together through the work of Prof. John Garstang.
Stress and coping among children of alcoholic parents through the young adult transition
Creators: name: HUSSONG, ANDREA M.
name: CHASSIN, LAURIE
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The transition to young adulthood is both a time when risky health behaviors such as substance misuse peak and a time of opportunity for growth and development through the acquisition of adult roles. In this transition, coping styles include responses to the stressors and opportunities associated with the emergence of adulthood. The extent to which such coping styles are skillfully employed in part determines adjustment into adulthood. The current study used a high-risk, longitudinal design to examine the development of coping styles over adolescence, continuity in these coping styles from adolescence to adulthood, the impact of coping on adult stress and substance misuse, the ability of coping to buffer effects of stress on substance use, and differences in coping between at-risk youth (i.e., children of alcoholics [COAs]) and their peers. A sample of 340 adolescents completed four assessments over ages 11–23. We used latent trajectory models to examine interindividual and intraindividual change in coping over time. Evidence for both change and continuity in the development of coping from adolescence to adulthood was found, although adolescent coping had limited impact on stress and substance use in adulthood. Support was also found for complex stress-buffering and stress-exacerbating effects of coping on the relations between major life events and adult drug use and between stress associated with the new roles of adulthood and heavy alcohol use. Implications of these findings for development and adjustment in the transition to adulthood are discussed.
Achievable polarization for Heat-Bath Algorithmic Cooling
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Briones, Nayeli A.
name: Laflamme, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure quantum states play a central role in applications of quantum information, both as initial states for many algorithms and as resources for quantum error correction. Preparation of highly pure states that satisfy the threshold for quantum error correction remains a challenge, not only for ensemble implementations like NMR or ESR but also for other technologies. Heat-Bath Algorithmic Cooling is a method to increase the purity of set of qubits coupled to a bath. We investigated the achievable polarization by analyzing the state when no more entropy can be extracted. In particular we give an analytic form for the maximum polarization of the purified qubit and corresponding state of the whole system for the case when the initial state of the qubits is totally mixed. It is however possible to reach higher polarization while starting with other states with higher polarization, thus our result provides an achievable lower bound. We also give an upper bound of the number of steps needed to get a certain required polarization.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
NCHE 2023 Heart of America Annual Survey: A Call for Unity and the Power of Racial Healing
Creators: name: National Collaborative For Health Equity (NCHE)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2025

description: Community/belonging (9); faith (4); personal values/beliefs (17); proud to be an American (1); division/disunity in United States (4); dealing with problems in America (2); equality in America (2); agree/disagree with statements regarding U.S. (45); government addressing issues in country (15); personal experiences with racism, discrimination (9); handling of disagreements, differences in conversations (2); healthcare (16); racial healing (7); news sources (4); trust various people, groups in promoting unity (14).
Diffusion for chaotic plane sections of 3-periodic surfaces
Creators: name: Avila, Artur
name: Hubert, Pascal
name: Skripchenko, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study chaotic plane sections of some particular family of triply periodic surfaces. The question about possible behavior of such sections was posed by S. P. Novikov. We prove some estimations on the diffusion rate of these sections using the connection between Novikov's problem and systems of isometries - some natural generalization of interval exchange transformations. Using thermodynamical formalism, we construct an invariant measure for systems of isometries of a special class called the Rauzy gasket, and investigate the main properties of the Lyapunov spectrum of the corresponding suspension flow.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.5361. in Inventiones mathematicae, 2016
Defining risk heterogeneity for internalizing symptoms among children of alcoholic parents
Creators: name: Zucker, Robert A.
name: Flora, David B.
name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: Chassin, Laurie A.
name: Hussong, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Adopting a developmental epidemiology perspective, the current study examines sources of risk heterogeneity for internalizing symptomatology among children of alcoholic parents (COAs). Parent-based factors, including comorbid diagnoses and the number of alcoholic parents in the family, as well as child-based factors, namely child gender, formed the indicators of heterogeneity. Following a novel approach to cross-study methods, we present a three-stage analysis involving measurement development using Item Response Theory, examination of study effects on latent trajectories over time using Latent Curve Modeling, and prediction of these latent trajectories testing our theoretically-derived hypotheses in two longitudinal investigations across both mother- and self-reported symptomatology. Specifically, we replicated previous findings that parent alcoholism has a unique effect on child internalizing symptoms, above and beyond those of both parent depression and antisocial personality disorder. However, we also found important subgroup differences, explaining heterogeneity within COAs’ risk profile in terms of the number of alcoholic parents in the family, comorbid diagnoses for the alcoholic parent and, for self-reported symptoms, child gender. Such factors serve to refine the definition of risk among COAs, suggesting a more severely impaired target group for preventive interventions, identifying the significance of familial alcoholism in individual differences underlying internalizing symptoms over time, and further specifying the distal risk matrix for an internalizing pathway to alcohol involvement.
A Educação Ambiental na Perspectiva de Quatro Escolas Públicas de Taguatinga - DF
Creators: name: Soares, Carlos Emanoel Vieira Flores Soares
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Educação Ambiental
Preservação
PNC

description: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso para obtenção de título de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas.
Discovery of two embedded clusters with WISE in the high Galactic latitude cloud HRK 81.4-77.8
Creators: name: Camargo, Denilso
name: Bica, Eduardo
name: Bonatto, Charles
name: Salerno, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular clouds at very high latitude ($b>60^{\circ}$) away from the Galactic plane are rare and in general are expected to be non-star-forming. However, we report the discovery of two embedded clusters (Camargo 438 and Camargo 439) within the high-latitude molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 using WISE. Camargo 439 with Galactic coordinates $\ell=81.11^{\circ}$ and $b=-77.84^{\circ}$ is an $\sim2$ Myr embedded cluster (EC) located at a distance from the Sun of $d_{\odot}=5.09\pm0.47$ kpc. Adopting the distance of the Sun to the Galactic centre $R_{\odot}=7.2$ kpc we derive for Camargo 439 a Galactocentric distance of $R_{GC}=8.70\pm0.26$ kpc and a vertical distance from the plane of $-4.97\pm0.46$ kpc. Camargo 438 at $\ell=79.66^{\circ}$ and $b=-78.86^{\circ}$ presents similar values. The derived parameters for these two ECs put HRK 81.4-77.8 in the halo at a distance from the Galactic centre of $\sim8.7$ kpc and $\sim5.0$ kpc from the disc. Star clusters provide the only direct means to determine the high latitude molecular cloud distances. The present study shows that the molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 is currently forming stars, apparently an unprecedented event detected so far among high latitude clouds. We carried out a preliminary orbit analysis. It shows that this ECs are the most distant known embedded clusters from the plane and both cloud and clusters are probably falling ballistically from the halo onto the Galactic disc, or performing a flyby.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables in MNRAS, 2015
title: How do haematology patients make sense of clinical information? a qualitative study.
Creators: name: Atherton, Kirsten
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Haematological cancers are often unpredictable, leaving clinical decisions to be made throughout the trajectory of the illness. In this context, the way patients make sense of complex clinical information becomes particularly important. The study aimed to understand the ways in which patients make sense of clinical results, and to identify the psychological and other influences on this process. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 patients who had been diagnosed with haematological cancer and had received results from clinical investigations or relating to treatment response. A constant comparative approach was taken for analysis. Patients described the need for information to be carefully managed, and the alarming nature of information that they did not experience as having been managed for them. Where patients had difficulty trusting their clinician they found it more difficult to accept and be content with the information the clinician provided. These findings can be illuminated using attachment theory. There are also clinical implications for how clinicians could give patients confidence in their ability to manage the uncertainty associated with haematological cancer. By facilitating an attachment process patients could be helped to feel that they are able to trust and build hope from the information they receive.
Delineating the maladaptive pathways of child maltreatment: A mediated moderation analysis of the roles of self-perception and social support
Creators: name: Appleyard, Karen
name: Runyan, Desmond K.
name: Yang, Chongming
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The current study investigated concurrent and longitudinal mediated and mediated moderation pathways among maltreatment, self perception (i.e., loneliness and self esteem), social support, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. For both genders, early childhood maltreatment (i.e., ages 0–6) was related directly to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 6, and later maltreatment (i.e., ages 6–8) was directly related to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 8. Results of concurrent mediation and mediated moderation indicated that early maltreatment was significantly related to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 6 indirectly both through age 6 loneliness and self esteem for boys and through age 6 loneliness for girls. Significant moderation of the pathway from early maltreatment to self esteem, and, for boys, significant mediated moderation to emotional and behavioral problems were found, such that the mediated effect through self esteem varied across levels of social support, though in an unexpected direction. No significant longitudinal mediation or mediated moderation was found, however, between the age 6 mediators and moderator and internalizing or externalizing problems at age 8. The roles of the hypothesized mediating and moderating mechanisms are discussed, with implications for designing intervention and prevention programs.
Distribution and Interaction of Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Selenium (Se), and Other Metals in Brain Tissue Using Synchrotron Micro-X-ray Fluorescence
Creators: name: Webb, Alexis
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510502
subject: Medical physics

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 6 million individuals in the United States and more than 50 million worldwide. Currently, there exists no cure for AD and there are very few treatments to limit disease progression. Understanding the mechanisms through which AD develops and the risk factors associated with disease onset and progression is imperative in diagnosis and treatment of AD. Metal dysregulation has been implicated in disease pathogenesis through a number of mechanisms. Toxic heavy metals, such as lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) are known to have deleterious effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and have been shown to increase AD pathology in animal models. However, there are significant knowledge gaps on how these metals deposit in human and animal brains at the microscopic scale, how they interact with essential metals in brain, and the relation of heavy metal exposure and AD. In this project, we aimed to investigate the distribution of heavy metals and their interactions with essential elements in transgenic mouse and human brain tissue models. We report, for the first time, Pb distribution and its co-deposition with Se in mouse brains following subchronic Pb exposure, Hg distribution and its co-deposition with Se in post-mortem AD and no cognitive impairment (NCI) brains, and the association of Pb, Hg, and other metals in these brains. All the data were obtained using synchrotron x-ray fluorescence (XRF), a powerful technique that allows for localization and quantification of multiple biological elements, as well as heavy metals, with a high spatial resolution and low detection limit. The work will shed light on the role essential metals, especially Se, play in neurotoxicity of Pb and Hg, and pave the way for potential future directions on heavy metal exposure and neurodegeneration.
Predictors and sequelae of trajectories of physical aggression in school-age boys and girls
Creators: name: Burchinal, Margaret
name: Belsky, Jay
name: Vandergrift, Nathan
name: Spieker, Susan
name: Campbell, Susan B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Teacher-rated trajectories of physical aggression in boys and girls from 1st through 6th grade were examined using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. In separate analyses, four trajectories were identified in boys and three in girls. Higher levels of aggression in both boys and girls were related to greater sociodemographic risk and higher maternal harshness in the preschool years; lower levels of observed maternal sensitivity during early childhood also predicted higher trajectories of aggression among girls. Trajectory groups also differed on a range of social and academic adjustment outcomes in 6th grade, with the most aggressive children and even moderately aggressive children evidencing some difficulties in adjustment. Patterns and levels of aggression in boys and girls are discussed as are their predictors and consequences.