cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supporting Information from Assessing wildland-–urban interface fire risk
Creators: name: Mahmoud, Hussam
name: Akshat Chulahwat
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tables & Figures
Collaborative optimisation of focused anatomy observation and drawing techniques for enhancing cognitive memorisation. S149, (page 63). In: International Federation of Associations of Anatomists 19th Congress Abstracts 9th – 11th August 2019 London, UK.
Creators: name: Shapiro, Leonard
name: Keenan, Iain
Publisher: name: University of Cape Town
Year: 2020
Subjects: Anatomy

description: Collaborative optimisation of focused anatomy observation and drawing techniques for enhancing cognitive memorisation. S149, (page 63). In: International Federation of Associations of Anatomists 19th Congress Abstracts 9th – 11th August 2019 London, UK.
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MPP AND TEA ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION EFFORTS IN THE JAPANESE MARKET FOR MEATS
Creators: name: Comeau, Allison
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Comeau, Allison
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: An Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System is utilized to determine the effectiveness of Market Promotion Program (MPP) and Target Export Assistance (TEA) advertising and promotion expenditures in the Japanese market for meat. Using annual data, it is found that beef advertising and promotion has had a positive and significant effect on the demand for beef. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that pork and poultry advertising and promotion increased the demand for either commodity.
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND SEASONALITY
Creators: name: Larson, Ronald B.
name: Larson, Ronald B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Time-series analyses of food demand often add dummy or harmonic variables to shift intercept terms during periods when seasonal effects exist. However, variable coefficients may be influenced by seasonality and the effects may vary by region. In this paper, a cluster analysis of seasonality indices for food products shows that distinct regions exist with similar seasonal patterns. Researchers could use these clusters to test for season-region interactions when other information about seasonality is unavailable.
The CR structure of minimal orbits in complex flag manifolds
Creators: name: Altomani, Andrea
name: Medori, Costantino
name: Nacinovich, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V05 (Primary); 14M15, 17B20, 22E15, 32M10, 32V40, 53C30 (Secondary)

description: Let Ĝ be a complex semisimple Lie group, Q a parabolic subgroup and G a real form of Ĝ. The flag manifold Ĝ/Q decomposes into finitely many G-orbits; among them there is exactly one orbit of minimal dimension, which is compact. We study these minimal orbits from the point of view of CR geometry. In particular we characterize those minimal orbits that are of finite type and satisfy various nondegeneracy conditions, compute their fundamental group and describe the space of their global CR functions. Our main tool are parabolic CR algebras, which give an infinitesimal description of the CR structure of minimal orbits.
description: AMS-TeX, 44 pages v2: minor revision
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Directionen For Den Hjelmstjerne-Rosencroneske Stiftelse
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1856

description: De to underskriverne, Treschow og H. Kofoed, redegjør for statutter i legatet
Quark stars with isotropic matter in Hořava gravity and Einstein-æther theory
Creators: name: Panotopoulos, Grigoris
name: Vernieri, Daniele
name: Lopes, Ilídio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-rotating and isotropic strange quark stars in Lorentz-violating theories of gravity, and in particular in Hořava gravity and Einstein-æther theory. For quark matter we adopt both linear and non-linear equations of state, corresponding to the MIT bag model and colour flavour locked state, respectively. The new structure equations describing hydrostatic equilibrium generalize the usual Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations of Einstein's general relativity. A dimensionless parameter $ν$ measures the deviation from the standard TOV equations, which are recovered in the limit $ν\rightarrow 0$. We compute the mass, the radius as well as the compactness of the stars, and we show graphically the impact of the parameter $ν$ on the mass-to-radius profiles for different equations of state describing quark matter. The energy conditions and stability criteria are also considered, and they are all found to be fulfilled.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, to appear in EPJ C
ENHANCING BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN THE FOOD WHOLESALE SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF NEW JERSEY
Creators: name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Tank, Karen Rose
name: Schilling, Brian J.
name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Tank, Karen Rose
name: Schilling, Brian J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: New Jersey is very much like many other states in the northeastern region of the United States. On the other hand, it is unique in a number of ways. New Jersey is characterized by (1) a large and affluent consumer base, (2) access to major ports and air transportation facilities which facilitates foreign imports and exports, and (3) large food manufacturing, retail and service sectors. New Jersey's food wholesale sector is therefore an important economic sector with strong potential for future growth. Food wholesalers can provide stable high-paying jobs in an economy still recovering from the 1989-92 recession. Limited knowledge of the challenges facing this sector may hinder its potential growth and development. Given the implications that could be drawn from New Jersey, this paper investigates the challenges facing New Jersey food wholesalers based on information obtained directly from industry leaders via a focus group meeting. Findings suggest the need for public policies to address transportation, regulation, education and training, public relations, nonunion labor and quality of life issues. These findings are useful in planning for economic development of the food wholesale sector and fostering competitiveness not only in New Jersey, but in the Northeast and other regions.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Adams, Wendi L.
name: Love, H. Alan
name: Capps, Oral
name: Adams, Wendi L.
name: Love, H. Alan
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Determinants of merger and acquisition activity in the food industry are analyzed using logit regression analysis. Factors affecting the food processing, food retailing and food service sectors are considered. Results indicate merger and acquisition activity in all three sectors are significantly influenced by antitrust activity, profitability and real gross domestic product.
Teaching anatomists to draw: observational drawing as an educational approach. Journal of Anatomy, A12 page 457. Anatomical Society Winter Meeting, King's College London, 2016.
Creators: name: Keenan, Iain
name: Shapiro, Leonard
Publisher: name: University of Cape Town
Year: 2020
Subjects: Anatomy

description: Teaching anatomists to draw: observational drawing as an educational approach. Journal of Anatomy, A12 page 457. Anatomical Society Winter Meeting, King's College London, 2016.
The D/H Ratio in the Interstellar Medium toward the White Dwarf PG0038+199
Creators: name: Williger, G. M.
name: Oliveira, C.
name: Hebrard, G.
name: Dupuis, J.
name: Dreizler, S.
name: Moos, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the D/H ratio in the interstellar medium toward the DO white dwarf PG0038+199 using spectra from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), with ground-based support from Keck HIRES. We employ curve of growth, apparent optical depth and profile fitting techniques to measure column densities and limits of many other species (H2, NaI, CI, CII, CIII, NI, NII, OI, SiII, PII, SIII, ArI and FeII) which allow us to determine related ratios such as D/O, D/N and the H2 fraction. Our efforts are concentrated on measuring gas-phase D/H, which is key to understanding Galactic chemical evolution and comparing it to predictions from Big Bang nucleosynthesis. We find column densities log N(HI) = 20.41+-0.08, log N(DI)=15.75+-0.08 and log N(H2) = 19.33+-0.04, yielding a molecular hydrogen fraction of 0.14+-0.02 (2 sigma errors), with an excitation temperature of 143+-5K. The high HI column density implies that PG0038+199 lies outside of the Local Bubble; we estimate its distance to be 297 (+164,-104)pc (1 sigma). D/[HI+2H2] toward PG0038+199 is 1.91(+0.52,-0.42) e-5 (2 sigma). There is no evidence of component structure on the scale of Delta v > 8 km/s based on NaI, but there is marginal evidence for structure on smaller scales. The D/H value is high compared to the majority of recent D/H measurements, but consistent with the values for two other measurements at similar distances. D/O is in agreement with other distant measurements. The scatter in D/H values beyond ~100pc remains a challenge for Galactic chemical evolution.
description: 59 pages, 7 tables, 18 figures (1 standalone), accepted by ApJ v2 minor typos corrected
78. Gaia's first exoplanets
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Pre-Gaia DR3, the NASA exoplanet archive tabulated more than 5000 exoplanets, with just one discovered from astrometry. With just over 34 months of data, Gaia DR3 is accompanied by 130,000 astrometric orbit solutions, including 1843 brown dwarf companion candidates, and 72 exoplanet candidates.
RESEARCH AND ADVERTISING DECISIONS IN AN OPEN ECONOMY: THE CASE OF COLOMBIAN MILDS COFFEE
Creators: name: Sellen, Daniel
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Sellen, Daniel
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Research and advertising investment both offer the potential to increase producer surplus. A model is developed that includes applied research and generic advertising with the aim of measuring marginal and optimal returns from each. While applicable to specific firm behavior, the model is applied to data from the world coffee market, with particular focus on Kenyan and Colombian producer groups.
Do Women Have a Say? Explaining Variation in Female Participation in Household Decision-Making
Creators: name: Mohan, Richa
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140304 Panel Data Analysis
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140218 Urban and Regional Economics
subject: 140302 Econometric and Statistical Methods

description: We analyze a select set of demographic features that influence women's power in household decision-making in rural India. Estimates of causal factors are generated using a large-scale, six-year panel dataset, composed of over 1500 households from eight Indian states. We create a novel composite measure of gender-wise division of household decision making power, reflecting the extent to which women contribute to choices regarding children, contraceptives, healthcare and household assets. We examine variation in decision-making power across a wide range of social and economic variables, including education, age, caste, and religion.
Analysis of Q-learning with Adaptation and Momentum Restart for Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Weng, Bowen
name: Xiong, Huaqing
name: Liang, Yingbin
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing convergence analyses of Q-learning mostly focus on the vanilla stochastic gradient descent (SGD) type of updates. Despite the Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) has been commonly used for practical Q-learning algorithms, there has not been any convergence guarantee provided for Q-learning with such type of updates. In this paper, we first characterize the convergence rate for Q-AMSGrad, which is the Q-learning algorithm with AMSGrad update (a commonly adopted alternative of Adam for theoretical analysis). To further improve the performance, we propose to incorporate the momentum restart scheme to Q-AMSGrad, resulting in the so-called Q-AMSGradR algorithm. The convergence rate of Q-AMSGradR is also established. Our experiments on a linear quadratic regulator problem show that the two proposed Q-learning algorithms outperform the vanilla Q-learning with SGD updates. The two algorithms also exhibit significantly better performance than the DQN learning method over a batch of Atari 2600 games.
description: This paper extends the work presented at the 2020 International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence with supplementary materials
Absence of evidence for pentaquarks on the lattice
Creators: name: Holland, Kieran
name: Juge, K. Jimmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the question of whether or not QCD predicts a pentaquark state. We use the improved, fixed point lattice QCD action which has very little sensitivity to the lattice spacing and also allows us to reach light quark masses. The analysis was performed on a single volume of size $(1.8 {\rm fm})^3\times 3.6 {\rm fm}$ with lattice spacing of $a=0.102$ fm. We use the correlation matrix method to identify the ground and excited states in the isospin 0, negative parity channel. In the quenched approximation where dynamical quark effects are omitted, we do not find any evidence for a pentaquark resonance in QCD.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures replaced with revised version
The Pioneers of the Mittag-Leffler Functions in Dielectrical and Mechanical Relaxation Processes
Creators: name: Mainardi, Francesco
name: Consiglio, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01AXX, 26A33, 33E12 33E20, 44A10, 74D05, 94C05

description: We start with a short survey of the basic properties of the Mittag-Leffler functions. Then we focus on the key role of these functions to explain the after-effects and relaxation phenomena occurring in dielectrics and in viscoelastic bodies. For this purpose we recall the main aspects that were formerly discussed by two pioneers in the years 1930's-1940's whom we have identified with Harold T. Davis and Bernhard Gross.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1305.0161
Robust A-type order and spin-flop transition on the surface of the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$
Creators: name: Sass, Paul M.
name: Kim, Jinwoong
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Wu, Weida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present microscopic evidence of the persistence of uniaxial A-type antiferromagnetic order to the surface layers of MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ single crystals using magnetic force microscopy. Our results reveal termination-dependent magnetic contrast across both surface step edges and domain walls, which can be screened by thin layers of soft magnetism. The robust surface A-type order is further corroborated by the observation of termination-dependent surface spin-flop transitions, which have been theoretically proposed decades ago. Our results not only provide key ingredients for understanding the electronic properties of the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$, but also open a new paradigm for exploring intrinsic surface metamagnetic transitions in natural antiferromagnets.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Stripes of Partially Fluorinated Alkyl Chains: Dipolar Langmuir Monolayers
Creators: name: Schneider, Matthias F.
name: Andelman, David
name: Tanaka, Motomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stripe-like domains of Langmuir monolayers formed by surfactants with partially fluorinated lipid anchors (F-alkyl lipids) are observed at the gas-liquid phase coexistence. The average periodicity of the stripes, measured by fluorescence microscopy, is in the micrometer range, varying between 2 and 8 microns. The observed stripe-like patterns are stabilized due to dipole-dipole interactions between terminal -CF3 groups. These interactions are particularly strong as compared with non-fluorinated lipids due to the low dielectric constant of the surrounding media (air). These long-range dipolar interactions tend to elongate the domains, in contrast to the line tension that tends to minimize the length of the domain boundary. This behavior should be compared with that of the lipid monolayer having alkyl chains, and which form spherical micro-domains (bubbles) at the gas-liquid coexistence. The measured stripe periodicity agrees quantitatively with a theoretical model. Moreover, the reduction in line tension by adding traces (0.1 mol fraction) of cholesterol results, as expected, in a decrease in the domain periodicity.
description: 20 pages, 4 figs
IS THERE ANY REASON FOR GRAIN STORAGE AND PROCESSING FIRMS NOT TO ADOPT INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES? THE ECONOMICS OF IPM IN STORED GRAIN
Creators: name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Mah, Poh Mun
name: Phillips, Thomas
name: Flinn, Paul W.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Mah, Poh Mun
name: Phillips, Thomas
name: Flinn, Paul W.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Many grain storage elevator operators have been reluctant to adopt IPM practices. Previous work has found that although IPM reduces pesticide use and associated costs, it requires more management skill and labor, both expensive inputs. So, some IPM practices are more expensive than conventional chemical-based practices, while some are less expensive. However, no studies have measured the costs of grain damage caused from incompletely controlling insects. Applying treatments when they are not needed adds unnecessary, though typically small, costs. However, not applying treatments when they are needed results in large costs due to grain damage discounts. An insect growth model is used to predict numbers of grain-damaging insects in a storage facility so that economic damages from failing to control insects can be estimated. When both treatment cost and grain damage cost are considered, automatic aeration is the best practice. However, aeration is not available for many elevators with concrete silos. For those elevators, routine fumigation is less expensive than selective fumigation based on grain sampling for many locations. In those locations, sampling changed only the timing, not the frequency, of fumigation. Thus, it may be rational for many elevators to forego IPM practices based on sampling.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/20/04.
Requirements and proposed architecture for a knowledge sharing system
Creators: name: Marwah, Ankur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Organizations have come to realize the importance of knowledge and the need to manage this strategic resource. Knowledge brings value to the organization when it is used to create capabilities. The challenge is to provide access to those knowledge resources. The thesis suggests a Knowledge Sharing System that can help access both the tacit and the explicit knowledge resources in an organization, by providing the user with the relevant meta-knowledge. The thesis provides a summary of the current state of knowledge management: definitions, needs and challenges faced by organizations in managing their knowledge resources. The thesis includes the results of the case study analysis of more than 50 case studies on the knowledge management initiatives that have been undertaken by organizations. The thesis then focuses on a specific aspect of knowledge management - knowledge sharing. It presents a conceptual model for knowledge sharing in organizations and defines three dimensions for knowledge sharing - Culture, Accessibility and Codification of knowledge. These dimensions are further broken down into sub-dimensions and have been analyzed in detail. Finally, the thesis suggests the requirements and proposed architecture for a Knowledge Sharing System (KSS) that maintains meta-knowledge i.e. knowledge about knowledge resources. The KSS is based on the conceptual model for knowledge sharing. The thesis describes the requirements for the KSS and an architecture that can help meet those requirements.
Représentations modulaires de $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbf{Q}_p)$ et représentations galoisiennes de dimension 2
Creators: name: Berger, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove Breuil's conjecture concerning the reduction modulo $p$ of trianguline representations $V$ and of the representations $Π(V)$ of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbf{Q}_p)$ associated to them by the $p$-adic Langlands correspondence. The main ingredient of the proof is the study of some smooth irreducible representations of $\mathrm{B}(\mathbf{Q}_p)$ through models built using the theory of $(ϕ,Γ)$-modules.
description: 19 pages
Supporting Information from Assessing wildland-urban interface fire risk
Creators: name: Mahmoud, Hussam
name: Akshat Chulahwat
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tables&Figures
Differences in periodic magnetic helicity injection behaviour between flaring and non-flaring Active Regions: Case Study
Creators: name: Korsos, M. B.
name: Romano, P.
name: Morgan, H.
name: Ye, Y.
name: Erdelyi, R.
name: Zuccarello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of magnetic helicity has a close relationship with solar eruptions and is of interest as a predictive diagnostic. In this case study, we analyse the evolution of the normalised emergence, shearing and total magnetic helicity components in the case of three flaring and three non-flaring active regions (ARs) using SHARPs (Spaceweather Helioseismic Magnetic Imager Active Region Patches) vector magnetic field data. The evolution of the three magnetic helicity components is analysed with wavelet transforms, revealing significant common periodicities of the normalised emergence, shearing and total helicity fluxes before flares in the flaring ARs. The three non-flaring ARs do not show such common periodic behaviour. This case study suggests that the presence of significant periodicities in the power spectrum of magnetic helicity components could serve as a valuable precursor for flares.
Full ESM from Polyploids increase overall diversity despite higher turnover than diploids in the Brassicaceae
Creators: name: Román-Palacios, Cristian
name: Y. Franchesco Molina-Henao
name: Barker, Michael S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Although polyploidy is widespread across the plant Tree of Life, its long-term evolutionary significance is still poorly understood. Here, we examine the effects of polyploidy in explaining the large-scale evolutionary patterns within angiosperms by focusing on a single family exhibiting extensive interspecific variation in chromosome numbers. We inferred ploidy from haploid chromosome numbers for 80% of species in the most comprehensive species-level chronogram for the Brassicaceae. After evaluating a total of 94 phylogenetic models of diversification, we found that ploidy influences diversification rates across the Brassicaceae. We also found that despite diversifying at a similar rate to diploids, polyploids have played a significant role in driving present-day differences in species richness among clades. Overall, in addition to highlighting the complexity in the evolutionary consequences of polyploidy, our results suggest that rare successful polyploids persist while significantly contributing to the long-term evolution of clades. Our findings further indicate that polyploidy has played a major role in driving the long-term evolution of the Brassicaceae and highlight the potential of polyploidy in shaping present-day diversity patterns across the plant Tree of Life.
Exploitation dynamics of fish stocks
Creators: name: Niwa, Hiro-Sato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I address the question of the fluctuations in fishery landings. Using the fishery statistics time-series collected by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations since the early 1950s, I here analyze fishing activities and find two scaling features of capture fisheries production: (i) the standard deviation of growth rate of the domestically landed catches decays as a power-law function of country landings with an exponent of value 0.15; (ii) the average number of fishers in a country scales to the 0.7 power of country landings. I show how these socio-ecological patterns may be related, yielding a scaling relation between these exponents. The predicted scaling relation implies that the width of the annual per capita growth-rate distribution scales to the 0.2 power of country landings, i.e. annual fluctuations in per capita landed catches increase with increased per capita catches in highly producing countries. Beside the scaling behavior, I report that fluctuations in the annual domestic landings have increased in the last 30 years, while the mean of the annual growth rate declined significantly after 1972.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures
Spin Hall Effect and Spin Transfer in Disordered Rashba Model
Creators: name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Sheng, L.
name: Weng, Z. Y.
name: Haldane, F. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on numerical study of the Rashba model, we show that the spin Hall conductance remains finite in the presence of disorder up to a characteristic length scale, beyond which it vanishes exponentially with the system size. We further perform a Laughlin's gauge experiment numerically and find that all energy levels cannot cross each other during an adiabatic insertion of the flux in accordance with the general level-repulsion rule. It results in zero spin transfer between two edges of the sample as each state always evolves back after the insertion of one flux quantum, in contrast to the quantum Hall effect. It implies that the topological spin Hall effect vanishes with the turn-on of disorder.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures final version
Defensive purchasing and motor-vehicle policy effectiveness
Creators: name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Public Economics

description: We present a theory of vehicle choice where utility depends on the vehicle choices made by other consumers. We use parameters from current transportation and public safety data to show that changes in motor vehicle policy may have unexpectedly large or non-existent effects on safety, fleet mix, and the environment.
Figure S1;Figure S2;Figure S3;Supplementary file 1: Primer sequences and statistical data;Supplementary file 1: Primer sequences and statistical data from Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing Medicago truncatula and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation
Creators: name: Gaurav Pandharikar
name: Gatti, Jean-Luc
name: Jean-Christophe Simon
name: Frendo, Pierre
name: Poirie, Marylène
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Experimental design, plants and aphids materials.;Comparison of the fresh and dry weight of NFS and NI plants before aphid infestation. ;Relative level of expression of PR1 and PI genes in NFS or NI control plants. ;Table S1. Primer sequences and conditions for qPCR analysis.;Tables S2 to S10: Statistical results for each experiment.
Abundance anomalies in hot horizontal branch stars of the galactic globular cluster NGC 1904
Creators: name: Fabbian, D.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: Gratton, R. G.
name: Piotto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present abundance measurements, based on high-resolution optical spectroscopic data obtained with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph mounted on Kueyen (Very Large Telescope UT2), for ten stars in the extended blue horizontal branch of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 1904 (M79). In agreement with previous findings for other clusters, we obtain normal abundances for stars cooler than Teff ~ 11,000 K and largely anomalous abundances for hotter stars: large He depletions, and overabundances of Fe, Ti, Cr, P and Mn. The abundances of Mg, Si and Ca are roughly normal, in the hot stars as well as in the cooler ones. This abundance pattern can be attributed to the onset of diffusion and to radiation pressure in the stable atmospheres of hot horizontal branch stars.
description: 12 pages, 7 tables, 11 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
DISPARITIES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES AMONG URBAN INDUSTRIES -- AN EXPLORATORY APPROACH
Creators: name: Liang, Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen)
name: Liang, Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: MSA
subject: Entrepreneurship
subject: urban
subject: disparity
subject: Gini coefficient

description: The results of an on-going exploratory study focused on disparities in entrepreneurial activities across 203 Metropolitan Statistical Areas among 18 industries in the US showed that there existed variations in the path of entrepreneurial development among MSAs and different industries. Resource allocation, market, policies, and supportive organizations could lead to these variations.
Is Google Anti-Trust? A Comparison of Google and Microsoft Antitrust Lawsuits in the US and EU
Creators: name: Moss, David
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140203 Economic History

description: Google, one of the largest and most valuable companies in the world, is being sued for allegedly anticompetitive practises regarding two of its most popular products: its eponymous search engine and the phone operating system Android. The verdicts in these cases have the potential to change Google’s ascendant trajectory, much as it did for another firm that found itself in a similar position some twenty years ago – Microsoft. By analysing Microsoft’s historical lawsuits and building models for specific features found in the technologies and actions of Microsoft, a framework for determining “guilt” in an antitrust case can be developed. Applied to Google, this framework predicts a successful conviction regarding Android, but an unsuccessful one for Google’s search product.
Which cosmological model with dark energy -- phantom or LambdaCDM
Creators: name: Szydlowski, Wlodzimierz Godlowski Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cosmology many dramatically different scenarios with the past (big bang versus bounce) and in the future (de Sitter versus big rip) singularities are compatible with the present day observations. This difficulty is called the degeneracy problem. We use the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria of model selection to overcome this degeneracy and to determine a model with such a set of parameters which gives the most preferred fit to the SNIa data. We consider seven representative scenarios, namely: the CDM models with the cosmological constant, with topological defect, with phantom field, with bounce, with bouncing phantom field, with brane and model with the linear dynamical equation of state parameter. Applying the model selection information criteria we show that AIC indicates the flat phantom model while BIC indicates both flat phantom and flat $Λ$CDM models. Finally we conclude that the number of essential parameters chosen by dark energy models which are compared with SNIa data is two.
description: 8 pages 3 figures
STATIC AND DYNAMIC EFFICIENCY OF POOLED BROILER CONTRACTS: RELATIVE-PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS VS. FIXED-PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS
Creators: name: Wang, Yanguo
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Wang, Yanguo
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: With the broiler industry as a backdrop, this paper develops theoretical models to compare optimal incentives of pooled relative-performance and fixed-performance contracts in static and dynamic models that account for both adverse selection and moral hazard. In spite of some growers' complaints about the relative-performance contracts used in the broiler industry, model results largely justify the popularity and superiority of relative performance contracts relative to fixed performance contracts
Andreas Tacke, Birgit Ulrike Münch, Markwart Herzog und Sylvia Heudecker (Hrsg.); Künstlerfeste. In Zünften, Akademien, Vereinen und informellen Kreisen
Creators: name: Muhr, Barbara
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Andreas Tacke, Birgit Ulrike Münch, Markwart Herzog und Sylvia Heudecker (Hrsg.); Künstlerfeste. In Zünften, Akademien, Vereinen und informellen Kreisen (Kunsthistorisches Forum Irsee 6); Petersberg: Michael Imhof Verlag 2019; 240 S., 24 farb. u. 159 s/w-Abb.; ISBN 978-3- 7319-0831-9
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 2 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Storm, Fredrik
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1856

description: Vedr. nytt bibliotekbygg
description: Brevet er undertegnet av flere personer. Polydoc nr. 1: 3990. Polydoc nr. 2: 3084.
One-loop Renormalization of Resonance Chiral Theory with Scalar and Pseudoscalar Resonances
Creators: name: Rosell, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The divergent part of the generating functional of the Resonance Chiral Theory is evaluated up to one loop when one multiplet of scalar an pseudoscalar resonances are included and interaction terms which couple up to two resonances are considered. Hence we obtain the renormalization of the couplings of the initial Lagrangian and, moreover, the complete list of operators that make this theory finite, at this order.
description: 4 pages, no figures. Talk given at the High-Energy Physics International Conference on Quantum Chromodynamics, 2-9 July (2005), Montpellier (France). To appear in the Proceedings
EBAY ECONOMICS: FACTORS THAT DETERMINE ONLINE AUCTION PRICES
Creators: name: Schamel, Guenter
name: Schamel, Guenter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: We analyze online auction prices for top range Bordeaux wine sold on the German eBay site, evaluating the impact of eBay specifics such as auction length, timing of the auction end (day of week, time of day), number of bids, buyer interest (page count), seller reputation, initial prices, picture effects, or private auctions (bidder identity remains undisclosed). Moreover, we evaluate the impact of Parker's rating and whether this quality information is revealed. Other variables of interest are wine age, brands, regional origin, and the 1855 classification. We estimate a main model and two subsets (with page counter, initial bid equal 1). Our hedonic estimation of the full sample reveals that relative to Sundays, wine auctions ending on Fridays resulted in significantly higher prices (about 9%). Thus, we cannot confirm a weekend effect. Time of day effects are insignificant relative to the base period (21h-22h CET), except when auctions end in the morning (8h-12h CET) or late evening (22h-23 CET) and prices are 11% lower. We observe a small auction length effect (+2%). Seller reputation showed no significant impact on the final auction price except when the initial bid is 1. The number of bids showed a significant but small impact on final prices (+1.7%). The private auction effect (hidden bidder identity) is also significant at 5%. Moreover, Parker points carry an elasticity of 3.6 and disclosing them in the auction (information disclosure effect) results in a premium of 12%. Château (brand) effects are highly significant ranging up to 150% (Châteaux Pétrus and Margaux). Appellation premiums may exceed 90% (Pomerol). 1855 classifications are significant and in correct order except for Quatrièmes Crus.
The gamma-ray / infrared luminosity correlation of star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Kornecki, P.
name: Pellizza, L. J.
name: del Palacio, S.
name: Müller, A. L.
name: Albacete-Colombo, J. F.
name: Romero, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Near a dozen star-forming galaxies have been detected in gamma-rays by the Fermi observatory in the last decade. A remarkable property of this sample is the quasi-linear relation between the gamma-ray luminosity and the star formation rate, obtained assuming that the latter is well traced by the infra-red luminosity of the galaxies. The non-linearity of this relation has not been fully explained yet. Aims. We aim at determining the biases derived from the use of the infrared luminosity as a proxy for the star formation rate, and shed light onto the more fundamental relation between the latter and the gamma-ray luminosity. We expect to quantify and explain some trends observed in this relation. Methods. We compile from the literature a near-homogeneous set of distances, ultraviolet, optical, infra-red, and gamma-ray fluxes for all known gamma-ray emitting star-forming galaxies. From these data we compute the infra-red and gamma-ray luminosities, and star formation rates. We determine the best-fitting relation between the latter two, and describe the trend using simple, population-oriented models for cosmic-ray transport and cooling. Results. We find that the gamma-ray luminosity-star formation rate relation obtained from infra-red luminosities is biased to shallower slopes. The actual relation is steeper than previous estimates, having a power-law index of 1.35 +- 0.05, in contrast to 1.23 +- 0.06. Conclusions. The unbiased gamma-ray luminosity-star formation rate relation can be explained at high star formation rates by assuming that the cosmic ray cooling region is kiloparsec-sized, and pervaded by mild to fast winds. Combined with previous results about the scaling of wind velocity with star formation rate, our work provides support to advection as the dominant cosmic ray escape mechanism in low-star formation rate galaxies.
Uphill solitary waves in granular flows
Creators: name: Martinez, E.
name: Perez-Penichet, C.
name: Sotolongo-Costa, O.
name: Ramos, O.
name: Maloy, K. J.
name: Douady, S.
name: Altshuler, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have experimentally observed a new phenomenon in the surface flow of a granular material. A heap is constructed by injecting sand between two vertical glass plates separated by a distance much larger than the average grain size, with an open boundary. As the heap reaches the open boundary, "soliton-like" fluctuations appear on the flowing layer, and move "up the hill" (i.e., against the direction of the flow). We explain the phenomenon in the context of stop-and-go traffic models, and show that soliton-like behavior is allowed within a Saint-Venant description for the granular flow.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Intrinsic interface exchange coupling of ferromagnetic nanodomains in a charge ordered manganite
Creators: name: Niebieskikwiat, D.
name: Salamon, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed magnetic study of the Pr1/3Ca2/3MnO3 manganite, where we observe the presence of small ferromagnetic (FM) domains (diameter ~ 10A) immersed within the charge-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) host. Due to the interaction of the FM nanodroplets with a disordered AFM shell, the low-temperature magnetization loops present exchange bias (EB) under cooling in an applied magnetic field. Our analysis of the cooling field dependence of the EB yields an antiferromagnetic interface exchange coupling comparable to the bulk exchange constant of the AFM phase. We also observe training effect of the EB, which is successfully described in terms of a preexisting relaxation model developed for other classical EB systems. This work provides the first evidence of intrinsic interface exchange coupling in phase separated manganites.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
79.  More insights into non-single stars
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Gaia DR3 was accompanied by new insights into the nature of non-single stars in the Gaia survey. In Essay 78, I looked at the first results on exoplanet companions discovered by astrometry. Here, I look at some other results on stellar masses, brown dwarf and white dwarf companions, and some of the more exotic variables.
title: Balancing stability and function: impact of the surface charge of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein
Creators: name: Lauster, Daniel
name: Haag, Rainer
name: Ballauff, Matthias
name: Herrmann, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Viral evolution
subject: spike protein
classificationCode: 570
subject: Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The ectodomain of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 spike has an increased positive surface charge, favoring binding to the host cell surface, but may affect the stability of the ectodomain. Thermal stability studies identified two transitions associated with the flexibility of the receptor binding domain and the unfolding of the whole ectodomain, respectively. Despite destabilizing effects of some mutations, compensatory mutations maintain ECD stability and functional advantages thus supporting viral fitness.
RURAL INSTITUTIONS AND NATURAL RESOURCE EXPLOITATION: THE CASE OF IRISH COMMONAGE
Creators: name: Di Falco, Salvatore
name: Van Rensburg, Tom M.
name: Di Falco, Salvatore
name: Van Rensburg, Tom M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper uses an original micro data set, to investigate, the role of a specific rural institutions in determining the grazing regime over a common property resource: Irish Commonage. It is found that the level of communal activity of the shareholders, mismanagement, and the degree of participation or democratic involvement in decision making processes of the committee representing shareholders and the number of people actively using the shares are key variables in explaining grazing impact on the common property resource.
Moral lives, moral worlds : partiality, consumption, & global justice
Creators: name: Fuller, Lisa Laurine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The aim of this project is to reconcile conflicting impartial and partial views of obligation, and to explain how this reconciliation alters our understanding of obligations to the global poor. Part One begins with a description of the "Personal and Impersonal Moral Worlds," and provides an explanation of why these two common conceptions of morality are at odds with one another. It closes with an argument for why we ought to seek a reconciliation of the two views, rather than simply rejecting one or the other. Part Two addresses problems of justification and sketches out a moral framework designed to ease the tension between the impartial and partial views. This framework takes the form of a pluralistic conception of the good. Principally, it rests on the distinction between "foundational goods," the value of which originates in their close connection with the fundamental needs of human beings, and "relative goods" which are correlated with desires or preferences. How partial attachments and relationships fit into this pluralistic conception of the good is made clear. In this section, where both individuals and nationstates can be legitimately partial, and where such partiality begins to be unacceptable, is also marked out. With respect to the conduct of private individuals, citizens and national governments, it is concluded that limited partiality is justifiable, but that their obligations to ameliorate global poverty are much more extensive than is typically recognized. The third part of the thesis takes up issues surrounding the practical application of the theory. It is chiefly concerned with problems relating to the practical fulfillment of our obligations to the global poor, such as: how to determine when the need for a particular good has been fulfilled, how to best understand the exact character of our concrete duties and whether states or individuals are responsible for carrying out these duties. This thesis presents an integrated view of morality intended to be more theoretically satisfying than the conflicting partial and impartial views. In addition, it sets out a more practically feasible approach to fulfilling moral obligations. Thus, it is both a clarifying and a constructive project, designed to shed light on how we might create morally acceptable lives and societies.