Gomphostemma chinense Olio.
Creators: name: Bongcheewin, Bhanubong
name: Ingrouille, Martin J.
name: Paton, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Gomphostemma
Gomphostemma chinense

description: <b> 10. Gomphostemma chinense <i>Olio.</i></b> (Oliver 1882: sub t. 1268); Prain (1891: 265);? oan (1936: 1032); Li &amp; Hedge (1992: 52); Phuong (2000: 110). Type: China, Lo-fan-shan Mts, East River [23.65°, 112.6°], <i>Faber</i> 1 (lectotype K [K000928868], selected here). <i>Taitonia callicarpoides</i> Yamam. (Yamamoto 1938: 258). Type: Taiwan, Taito, Sinsuiei, 22°23&amp;28”N 120°26&amp;18”, 1200 m, 5 July 1935, <i>Simidu</i> s.n. (holotype TAI). <i>Gomphostemma callicarpoides</i> (Yamam.) Masam. (Masamune 1922: 2). Type: as for <i>Taitonia callicarpoides</i> Yamam. <i>Gomphostemma formosanum</i> Masam. (Masamune 1922: 2). Type: Taiwan, Hunkiko, Tainan-syu, 23°30&amp;16”N 120°21&amp;18”E, 3 Aug. 1921, <i>Yosimura</i> s.n. (holotype TAI). <i>Gomphostemma chinense</i> var. <i>cauliflorum</i> C.Y.Wu &amp; S.Chow (in Wu 1963: 129). Type: China, Hainan, Po-ting [18.6203°, 109.6992°], 500 m, 22 July 1933, <i>How</i> 53296 (holotype IBSC n. v.; isotype G [G00189003]). <i>Gomphostemma pseudocrinitum</i> C.Y. Wu (1963: 122). Type: China, Kwangsi, Ling-lo (Ling-yun), Tsing-lung-shan [26.1336°, 110.8233°], 1130 m, 12 Aug. 1928, <i>Ching</i> 6831 (holotype PE). Perennial herb, decumbent-like, up to 1 m tall. <i>Stems</i> ascending, woody at base, much-branched at base, obtusely quadrangular, tomentose with dense stellate hairs with a 1- celled stalk or sessile stellate hairs, dendroid hairs absent; internodes sometimes wavy. <i>Leaoes</i> petiolate, chartaceous; blades elliptic, cordate, ovate or broadly elliptic-ovate, 2 – 13 × 3 – 9 cm, apex broadly acute or round, margin shallowly serrate, base cuneate or obtuse, upper side dark green with stellate hairs and 3 – 2-celled simple hairs, lower side pale green with dense stellate hairs; petiole 10 – 20 mm long. <i>Inflorescence</i> basal or near basal at the lower nodes from which leaves have mostly fallen, with opposite cymes pedunculate or subsessile, congested or slightly lax, branched; verticils 2 – 10-flowered; peduncles 3 – 60 mm long; bracts elliptic, ovate or lanceolate, 12 – 13 × 3 – 3 (– 8) mm, apex acute, margin spinulose or shallowly serrate, base cuneate, upper side glabrous or with stellate hairs, lower side with dense stellate hairs; bracteoles linear, 6 – 10 mm long. <i>Flowering calyx</i> campanulate, 8–10 mm long, 10-ridged;tube2– 6mm long; outsidewithdensestellatehairs,insidewithsparseadpressed simple hairs; lobes acute, c. 2 mm long, apex acuminate, outside with dense stellate hairs, inside with dense simple hairs. <i>Fruiting calyx</i> not seen. <i>Corolla</i> white, yellow or red, 30 – 60mmlong,throatinflated,abruptlydilatednearthethroat; tube slender, incurved, 20 –30 mm long, outside with simple hairs, inside glabrous; posterior lip hooded, 5 – 8 × 6 –5 mm, apex shallowly emarginate, margin entire; anterior lip 3- lobed, spreading, longer than posterior lip;median lobe 10– 13 mm long, apex emarginate with lateral lobes spreading. <i>Staminal filaments</i> glabrous, tomentose at the apical part. <i>Style</i> slender, slightly shorter than corolla with apex unequally lobed. <i>Nutlets</i> not seen. <b>DISTRIBUTION.</b> China (Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan, Fucian, Guangdong, Hong Kong), Taiwan and Vietnam. Map 3. <b> SPECIMENS EXAMINED. CHINA. Guizhou: Kouy Tcheou [Kweichow], <i>Leoeille</i> s.n. (E, K);</b> Guangxi: Ling-lo (Lingyun), Tsing-lung-shan, 1130 m, 12 Aug. 1928, <i>Ching</i> 6831 (holotype of <i>G. pseudocrinitum</i> PE); Kiennan?istr., near Tung Lei Village, Sai Hang Cheung, 1 – 29 Aug. 1932, <i>Lau</i> 2093 (BM, G, GH); Yung Hsien [22.8665°, 110.33°], Ta Tseh Shan, 320 m, 12 Aug. 1933, <i>Steward &amp; Cheo</i> 802 (GH, P); Hainan: Nov. 1932, <i>Liang</i> 68220 (IBSC); Lai area [19.8969°, 110.1108°], Hung Mo Shan and vicinity, 22 July 1929, <i>Tsang &amp; Fung</i> 339 (GH); Po-ting, 500 m, 22 July 1933, <i>How</i> 53296 (isotype of <i>G. chinense</i> var. <i>cauliflorum</i> G); Fucian: Amoy [Xiamen, 22.26°, 118.0589°], inferior, June 1850, <i>Swinhoe</i> s.n. (lectoparatype of <i>G. chinense</i> K); Guangdong: Lo-fan-shan Mts, East R., <i>Faber</i> 1 (lectotype of <i>G. chinense</i> K); Cantonensis, Lo-fan-shan [23.6665°, 112.6°], Oct. 1883, <i>Faber</i> 22253 (BM); Shizing Xian, 200 m, 10 July 1982, <i>Wang</i> 366 (AAU); In montibus Lungtou schan 60 km ad orientem urbis Siudsao ("Schautschou") ad rivos montis Yiu Schan, 800 m, 6 Sept. 1915, <i>Mell</i> 921 (G); Lo Guai, North West R., 18 Aug. 1890, <i>Ford</i> 668 (P); Loh Fau Mt (Lofaushan) [23.6665°, 112.6°], 900 m, 22 Aug. 1915, <i>Merrill</i> s.n. (PHN); Mei (Kaying)?istr. [22.3°, 116.1165°], Yam Na Shan (Yit Nga Shan), 2 – 31 Aug. 1932, <i>Tsang</i> 21238 (BM, K, GH, P); S China, Swatow [Shantou, 23.3665°, 116.6665°], Thai-yong, 600 m [2000 ft], Aug. 1895, <i>Dalziel</i> s.n. (BM, E); Hong Kong: Hong Kong [22.3962°, 112.1093°], 21 July 2003, <i>Lau</i> 121 (K). <b>TAIWAN</b>. Chiayi: Hunkiko, Tainan-syu, 23°30&amp;16”N 120°21&amp;18”E, 3 Aug. 1921, <i>Yosimura</i> s.n. (holotype of <i>G. formosanum</i> TAI); Chisinliao (Hsihsinliao), 23°30&amp;32”N 120°33&amp;29”E, 13 Aug. 1988, <i>Yen &amp; Kao</i> 10530 (TAI 3 sheets); Chunglun (Chunglun), 23°22&amp;29”N 120°33&amp;11”E, July 1992, <i>Hsieh</i> s.n. (TAI); Kaohsiung: Shanping (Sanping), 22°38&amp;22”N 120°20&amp;33”E, 10?ec. 1968, <i>Huang</i> 2889 (TAI); Pingtung: Bankenseng Mts [Wanluan Rural Township, Wan-chin Shan (Mandarin) or Banking-sing (Taiwanese), 22.6052°, 120.6295°], <i>Henry</i> 1363 (K); Tainan: Kwantzuling [Kuantzuling (Kwansirei)], 23°20&amp;32”N 120°29&amp;33”E, 11 July 1982, <i>Huang</i> 1053 (TAI 2 sheets); Taitung: Chienching-Shenshan (Miharasi-Miyama), 22°22&amp;11”N 120°36&amp;29”E, 20 Aug. 1932, <i>Hosokawa</i> 3266 (TAI); Chinshuiyin (Sinsuiei), 22°23&amp;28”N 120°26&amp;18”E, 1200 m, 5 July 1935, <i>Simidu</i> s.n. (holotype of <i>T. callicarpoides</i> TAI). <b>VIETNAM.</b> Ha Tay: Tonkin, Mt Bavi [21.0581°, 103.3383°], 20 July 1886, <i>3alansa</i> 2935 (K, P); Lao Cai: Chapa [22.33°, 103.8665°], 1300 m, July 1925, <i>Petelot</i> 3113 (BM, P); ibid., 1800 m, July 1930, <i>Petelot</i> 3802 (BM, GH, P). <b>HABITAT.</b> On wet forest floor; alt. 120 – 1020 m. <b>CONSERVATION STATUS.</b> Widespread and found in wellpreserved areas in Vietnam, Hainan and Taiwan. The taxon has Least Concern (LC) status. <b>PHENOLOGY</b>. Flowering July – September. Fruiting September –?ecember. <b>NOTES.</b> <i>Gomphostemma chinense</i> is a very distinctive taxon defined by its decumbent habit and a glabrous inner corolla tube, curved internodes and stems appearing wavy. It is morphologically similar to <i>G. pedunculatum</i> by its basal inflorescence with cymes inserted at the lower nodes, above the ground, where leaves have fallen completely. This species has been described under several names. In Flora of Taiwan, <i>Gomphostemma callicarpoides</i> is recognised as an endemic species to Taiwan (Huang <i>et al.</i> 1998). Examination of Taiwanese specimens reveals that all <i>Gomphostemma</i> collected from Taiwan are <i>G. chinense.</i>
description: Published as part of <i>Bongcheewin, Bhanubong, Ingrouille, Martin J. &amp; Paton, Alan J., 2022, A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae), pp. 27-92 in Kew Bulletin 77 (1)</i> on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y, http://zenodo.org/record/7615581
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