The putative center in NGC 1052
Creators: name: Baczko, Anne-Kathrin
name: Kadler, Matthias
name: Ros, Eduardo
name: Fromm, Christian M.
name: Wielgus, Maciek
name: Perucho, Manel
name: Krichbaum, Thomas P.
name: Baloković, Mislav
name: Blackburn, Lindy
name: Chan, Chi-kwan
name: Issaoun, Sara
name: Janssen, Michael
name: Ricci, Luca
name: Akiyama, Kazunori
name: Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel
name: Alberdi, Antxon
name: Alef, Walter
name: Algaba, Juan Carlos
name: Anantua, Richard
name: Asada, Keiichi
name: Azulay, Rebecca
name: Bach, Uwe
name: Ball, David
name: Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha
name: Barrett, John
name: Bauböck, Michi
name: Benson, Bradford A.
name: Bintley, Dan
name: Blundell, Raymond
name: Bouman, Katherine L.
name: Bower, Geoffrey C.
name: Boyce, Hope
name: Bremer, Michael
name: Brinkerink, Christiaan D.
name: Brissenden, Roger
name: Britzen, Silke
name: Broderick, Avery E.
name: Broguiere, Dominique
name: Bronzwaer, Thomas
name: Bustamante, Sandra
name: Byun, Do-Young
name: Carlstrom, John E.
name: Ceccobello, Chiara
name: Chael, Andrew
name: Chang, Dominic O.
name: Chatterjee, Koushik
name: Chatterjee, Shami
name: Chen, Ming-Tang
name: Chen, Yongjun
name: Cheng, Xiaopeng
name: Cho, Ilje
name: Christian, Pierre
name: Conroy, Nicholas S.
name: Conway, John E.
name: Cordes, James M.
name: Crawford, Thomas M.
name: Crew, Geoffrey B.
name: Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro
name: Cui, Yuzhu
name: Dahale, Rohan
name: Davelaar, Jordy
name: De Laurentis, Mariafelicia
name: Deane, Roger
name: Dempsey, Jessica
name: Desvignes, Gregory
name: Dexter, Jason
name: Dhruv, Vedant
name: Dihingia, Indu K.
name: Doeleman, Sheperd S.
name: Dougall, Sean Taylor
name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Eatough, Ralph P.
name: Emami, Razieh
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Farah, Joseph
name: Fish, Vincent L.
name: Fomalont, Edward
name: Ford, H. Alyson
name: Foschi, Marianna
name: Fraga-Encinas, Raquel
name: Freeman, William T.
name: Friberg, Per
name: Fuentes, Antonio
name: Galison, Peter
name: Gammie, Charles F.
name: García, Roberto
name: Gentaz, Olivier
name: Georgiev, Boris
name: Goddi, Ciriaco
name: Gold, Roman
name: Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.
name: Gómez, José L.
name: Gu, Minfeng
name: Gurwell, Mark
name: Hada, Kazuhiro
name: Haggard, Daryl
name: Haworth, Kari
name: Hecht, Michael H.
name: Hesper, Ronald
name: Heumann, Dirk
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Ho, Paul
name: Honma, Mareki
name: Huang, Chih-Wei L.
name: Huang, Lei
name: Hughes, David H.
name: Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette
name: Inoue, Makoto
name: James, David J.
name: Jannuzi, Buell T.
name: Jeter, Britton
name: Jiang, Wu
name: Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra
name: Johnson, Michael D.
name: Jorstad, Svetlana
name: Joshi, Abhishek V.
name: Jung, Taehyun
name: Karami, Mansour
name: Karuppusamy, Ramesh
name: Kawashima, Tomohisa
name: Keating, Garrett K.
name: Kettenis, Mark
name: Kim, Dong-Jin
name: Kim, Jae-Young
name: Kim, Jongsoo
name: Kim, Junhan
name: Kino, Motoki
name: Koay, Jun Yi
name: Kocherlakota, Prashant
name: Kofuji, Yutaro
name: Koyama, Shoko
name: Kramer, Carsten
name: Kramer, Joana A.
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Kuo, Cheng-Yu
name: La Bella, Noemi
name: Lauer, Tod R.
name: Lee, Daeyoung
name: Lee, Sang-Sung
name: Leung, Po Kin
name: Levis, Aviad
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Lico, Rocco
name: Lindahl, Greg
name: Lindqvist, Michael
name: Lisakov, Mikhail
name: Liu, Jun
name: Liu, Kuo
name: Liuzzo, Elisabetta
name: Lo, Wen-Ping
name: Lobanov, Andrei P.
name: Loinard, Laurent
name: Lonsdale, Colin J.
name: Lowitz, Amy E.
name: Lu, Ru-Sen
name: MacDonald, Nicholas R.
name: Mao, Jirong
name: Marchili, Nicola
name: Markoff, Sera
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Marscher, Alan P.
name: Martí-Vidal, Iván
name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Matthews, Lynn D.
name: Medeiros, Lia
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Michalik, Daniel
name: Mizuno, Izumi
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
name: Moran, James M.
name: Moriyama, Kotaro
name: Moscibrodzka, Monika
name: Mulaudzi, Wanga
name: Müller, Cornelia
name: Müller, Hendrik
name: Mus, Alejandro
name: Musoke, Gibwa
name: Myserlis, Ioannis
name: Nadolski, Andrew
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Nagar, Neil M.
name: Nair, Dhanya G.
name: Nakamura, Masanori
name: Narayanan, Gopal
name: Natarajan, Iniyan
name: Nathanail, Antonios
name: Fuentes, Santiago Navarro
name: Neilsen, Joey
name: Neri, Roberto
name: Ni, Chunchong
name: Noutsos, Aristeidis
name: Nowak, Michael A.
name: Oh, Junghwan
name: Okino, Hiroki
name: Sánchez, Héctor Raúl Olivares
name: Ortiz-León, Gisela N.
name: Oyama, Tomoaki
name: Özel, Feryal
name: Palumbo, Daniel C. M.
name: Paraschos, Georgios Filippos
name: Park, Jongho
name: Parsons, Harriet
name: Patel, Nimesh
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Pesce, Dominic W.
name: Piétu, Vincent
name: Plambeck, Richard
name: PopStefanija, Aleksandar
name: Porth, Oliver
name: Pötzl, Felix M.
name: Prather, Ben
name: Preciado-López, Jorge A.
name: Principe, Giacomo
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Pu, Hung-Yi
name: Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh
name: Rao, Ramprasad
name: Rawlings, Mark G.
name: Raymond, Alexander W.
name: Ricarte, Angelo
name: Ripperda, Bart
name: Roelofs, Freek
name: Rogers, Alan
name: Romero-Cañizales, Cristina
name: Roshanineshat, Arash
name: Rottmann, Helge
name: Roy, Alan L.
name: Ruiz, Ignacio
name: Ruszczyk, Chet
name: Rygl, Kazi L. J.
name: Sánchez, Salvador
name: Sánchez-Argüelles, David
name: Sánchez-Portal, Miguel
name: Sasada, Mahito
name: Satapathy, Kaushik
name: Savolainen, Tuomas
name: Schloerb, F. Peter
name: Schonfeld, Jonathan
name: Schuster, Karl-Friedrich
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Shen, Zhiqiang
name: Small, Des
name: Sohn, Bong Won
name: SooHoo, Jason
name: Salas, León David Sosapanta
name: Souccar, Kamal
name: Stanway, Joshua S.
name: Sun, He
name: Tazaki, Fumie
name: Tetarenko, Alexandra J.
name: Tiede, Paul
name: Tilanus, Remo P. J.
name: Titus, Michael
name: Torne, Pablo
name: Toscano, Teresa
name: Traianou, Efthalia
name: Trent, Tyler
name: Trippe, Sascha
name: Turk, Matthew
name: van Bemmel, Ilse
name: van Langevelde, Huib Jan
name: van Rossum, Daniel R.
name: Vos, Jesse
name: Wagner, Jan
name: Ward-Thompson, Derek
name: Wardle, John
name: Washington, Jasmin E.
name: Weintroub, Jonathan
name: Wharton, Robert
name: Wiik, Kaj
name: Witzel, Gunther
name: Wondrak, Michael F.
name: Wong, George N.
name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Yadlapalli, Nitika
name: Yamaguchi, Paul
name: Yfantis, Aristomenis
name: Yoon, Doosoo
name: Young, André
name: Young, Ken
name: Younsi, Ziri
name: Yu, Wei
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
name: Zensus, J. Anton
name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Zhao, Guang-Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many active galaxies harbor powerful relativistic jets, however, the detailed mechanisms of their formation and acceleration remain poorly understood. To investigate the area of jet acceleration and collimation with the highest available angular resolution, we study the innermost region of the bipolar jet in the nearby low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) galaxy NGC 1052. We combined observations of NGC 1052 taken with VLBA, GMVA, and EHT over one week in the spring of 2017. For the first time, NGC 1052 was detected with the EHT, providing a size of the central region in-between both jet bases of 250 RS (Schwarzschild radii) perpendicular to the jet axes. This size estimate supports previous studies of the jets expansion profile which suggest two breaks of the profile at around 300 RS and 10000 RS distances to the core. Furthermore, we estimated the magnetic field to be 1.25 Gauss at a distance of 22 μas from the central engine by fitting a synchrotron-self absorption spectrum to the innermost emission feature, which shows a spectral turn-over at about 130 GHz. Assuming a purely poloidal magnetic field, this implies an upper limit on the magnetic field strength at the event horizon of 26000 Gauss, which is consistent with previous measurements. The complex, low-brightness, double-sided jet structure in NGC 1052 makes it a challenge to detect the source at millimeter (mm) wavelengths. However, our first EHT observations have demonstrated that detection is possible up to at least 230 GHz. This study offers a glimpse through the dense surrounding torus and into the innermost central region, where the jets are formed. This has enabled us to finally resolve this region and provide improved constraints on its expansion and magnetic field strength.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, published in A&amp;A