Trichoscypha acuminata Engl.
Creators: name: Breteler, F. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Anacardiaceae
Trichoscypha
Trichoscypha acuminata

description: 1. Trichoscypha acuminata Engl.
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 1: 425 (1881); Exell & Mendonça, Consp. Fl. Ang. 2: 124 (1956); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 735 (1958); Van der Veken, Fl. Congo Belge et Ruanda-Urundi 9: 71 (1960); Wilks & Issembé, Arbres Guinée Équatoriale: 94 (2000). — Type: see below under Sorindeia mannii.
Sorindeia mannii Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 442 (1868).
— Type: Mann 1845, Equatorial Guinea, Corisco Bay, ♂ fl. Sep. 1862 (holo-, K!; iso-, A!, P!). See Notes.
Trichoscypha braunii Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 111 (1892); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 735 (1958). — Type: Büttner 431, Gabon, Sibang, ♂ fl. Sep. 1884 (lecto-,B!, designated here). See Notes.
Trichoscypha ferruginea Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 112 (1892); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 735 (1958). — Type: Preuss 283, Cameroun, Barombi Station, fl., fr. 1890 (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, K!, designated here). See Notes.
Trichoscypha congensis Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 222 (1905); VanderVeken,Fl. CongoBelgeetRuanda-Urundi 9: 71 (1960). — Type: E. Laurent s.n., Congo (Kinshasa), Mayombe, ♀ fl., juv. fr. Sep. 1893 (holo-, BR!).
Trichoscypha laurentii De Wild., Miss. Laur.: 144 (1905); Van der Veken, Fl. Congo Belge et Ruanda-Urundi 9: 71 (1960). — Type: E.& M. Laurent s.n., Congo (Kinshasa), Ibali, ♂ fl. Nov. 1903 (holo-, BR!).
Trichoscypha flamignii De Wild., Fedde Repert. 13: 375 (1914), p.p. (flowers only); Van der Veken, Fl. Congo Belge et Ruanda-Urundi 9: 71 (1960). — Type: Flamigni 128, Congo (Kinshasa), Dibela, ♂ fl. Oct. 1905 (holo-, BR!). See Notes.
Trichoscypha redingii De Wild., Bull. Jard. Bot. État 4: 369 (1914); Van der Veken, Fl. Congo Belge et Ruanda-Urundi 9: 71 (1960). — Type: Reding 51, Congo (Kinshasa), between Mongodolo and Bumba, ♂ fl. Sep. 1911 (holo-, BR!).
Schubea heterophylla Pax in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 22 (1899), flowers only; Pax & Hoffmann, Euphorbiaceae in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 19c: 233 (1931); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 735, flowers only. — Type: Preuss 1330, Cameroun, between Victoria and Bimbia, ♂ fl. Aug. 1892 (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, K!, designated here, flowers only, n.v.)
Trichoscypha büttneri Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 112 (1892), nomen. See Notes.
Unbranched or poorly branched tree up to 20 m tall and 45 cm dbh. Leaves usually crowded at the top of the stem or branches, up to c. 1.5 m long, 7-17(-22?)-jugate. Leaflets oblong-elliptic, sometimes lanceolate, (6-)15-20(-28) × (2-)3-7 (-10) cm, with (9-)12-18 pairs of main lateral nerves, usually glabrous beneath or nearly so. Inflorescence borne on the lower part (≤ 4 m) of the stem, the male inflorescence up to 30 cm long, the female one usually shorter; bracts of the inflorescence 1.5-3.5 × 1-2 cm, deciduous. Flowers (Apr.-Dec.) pink to wine-red. Fruits (May-Nov.) subellipsoid, up to 6 × 3.5 cm, puberulous to shortly velutinous, (partly) glabrescent, dark red at maturity, edible. — Figs 1A; 3.
HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from Nigeria to Central African Republic, Congo (Kinshasa) and Angola (Cabinda). Alt. up to c. 800 m.
SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Gossweiler 6831, Buco Zau, fl., juv. fr. (BM!, COI!, K!); Gossweiler 8164, Landana, ster. (BM!, COI!, K!). — CAMEROUN: Asonganyi 318, Somalomo, fl. b. June (P!); Bates 847, Bitye, fl. (BM!); Bos 4778, 20 km Kribi-Lolodorf, fr. June (MO!, P!, WAG!); Breteler 1745, Dimako, fl. Aug. (P!, WAG!); J.J. de Wilde 7672, Nkoemvone, fl. Nov. (BR!, MA!, MO!, P!, WAG!); Dundas FHI 15218, Etam, fl. May (K!); Leeuwenberg 5770, Atozok, fl. June (MO!, P!, WAG!); Letouzey 11309, Bikok, juv. fr. June (K!, P!); Rudatis 41, Abonando, fl. Apr. (G!, K!); Thomas 4710, Korup Nat. Park, fl. Apr. (MO!); Van Andel 4191, Boussebeliga Creek, fl. b. Oct. (WAG!); Zenker 1747, Bipindi, fl. (A!, BM!, COI!, G!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Harris 2272, 45 km S of Lidjombo, fl. Nov. (MO!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Bouquet 496, forêt de Bangou, fl. Sep. (P!); Bouquet 608, Mayama-Mouyondzi, ster. Nov. (P!); Bouquet 711, Tsiako, fr. Nov. (P!); de Foresta 1363, Makaba, ster. June (P!); Sargos 48, Kouilou, fl. Mar. (P!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Bequaert 639, Boma Sundi, fl. Aug. (BM!, BR!); Dubois 259, Kombo, fl. Dec. (BR!, WAG!); Gillardin 302, Kakenge, ster. Nov. (BR!, G!, WAG!); Laurent s.n., Ibali, fl. Nov. (BR!, G!); Lebrun 872, Eala, fl. Aug. (BR!, WAG!); Toussaint 2021, Luki, ster. Aug. (BR!, K!, WAG!); Wagemans 1914, Gimbi, ster. Mar. (K!, WAG!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Mann 1845, Corisco Bay, fl. Sep. (A!, K!, P!). — GABON: Bourobou 113, near Makokou, fl. Dec. (WAG!); Breteler & Jongkind 10418, 5- 15 km NNW Ndjolé, fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14635, Gamba, fl., fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14955, Makandé, ster. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler 15760, Olounga, fl. Oct. (LBV, WAG!); De Wilde & Sosef 10297, N of Ebel-Alèmbé, fr. Jan. (WAG!); N. Hallé 2960, Bélinga, fl. Nov. (P!, WAG!); Le Testu 1281, Loukandou, fl. Dec. (BM!); Le Testu 7464, Poungui, fl. Sep. (BM!, P!); Reitsma c.s. 1475, Oveng, fl. Sep. (LBV, WAG!); Schoenmaker 85, Rabi-Kounga, fl. Oct. (LBV, WAG!); Sosef et al. 516, Lopé Reserve, fl., fr. Oct. (LBV!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Jones & Onochie FHI 18730, Ogoja, ster. May (K!, P!); Jones & Onochie FHI 18731, Afi R. F.R., fl. May (K!); Van Meer 1625, Awi, fl. May (WAG!).
NOTES. — By the transfer of Sorindeia mannii Oliv. to Trichoscypha the epithet could not be maintained because of the earlier Trichoscypha mannii Hook. f. Trichoscypha acuminata is the new name by ENGLER based on the same type.
ENGLER confused Trichoscypha braunii with T. büttneri when he discussed the position of his T. ferruginea, most likely because he based T. braunii on two syntypes, one collected by Braun in Cameroun, the other by Büttner in Gabon. In my opinion it is without doubt that ENGLER (p. 113) meant T. braunii where he wrote T. büttnerii. Of the original material of T. braunii at Berlin, a duplicate of Büttner’ s collection remains. It has been designated as the lectotype.
The petals of T. ferruginea are described by Engler as “ intus arachnoideo-pilosis ”, which I have never observed in T. acuminata. The petals are always glabrous inside. Unfortunately the lectotype at Kew has leaves only. All the other characteristics of the flower fit T. acuminata. The arachnoid indumentum referred to by Engler might in fact be caused by a fungus, or by inaccurate observation, as the dried petals may be strongly wrinkled inside, which gives them the aspect of being arachnoid.
DE WILDEMAN based his Trichoscypha flamignii on Flamigni 128, of which only the flowers represent Trichoscypha, the leaflets belonging to Carapa (Meliaceae), most probably to C. procera DC.
The relationship between Trichoscypha accuminata and T. oddonii is discussed under the latter.
description: Published as part of Breteler, F. J., 2004, The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision, pp. 97-127 in Adansonia (3) (3) 26 (1) on pages 100-104, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259