cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pentaquark Theta^+ production via gamma N ->K^*bar Theta^+(3/2^(+-))
Creators: name: Nam, Seung-Il
name: Hosaka, Atsushi
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the photoproduction of the exotic pentaquark Theta^+ baryon with the vector kaon, assuming that the quantum numbers of the Theta^+ to be J^P=3/2^(+-) and J^P=1/2^+. Scalar meson kappa(800)-exchange is also taken into account. In contrast with the gamma N -> Kbar Theta^+(3/2^(+-)) process, the large suppression from the proton target is not observed in the total cross sections. We also suggest a method to determine which meson exchange is the most dominant by analyzing the polarizations of incident photon and outgoing K^*. We find that kappa-exchange turns out to be prominent when the polarizations of the photon and K^* are aligned to be parallel, whereas K-exchange does when they are perpendicular to each other.
description: 12 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Review: Deep Learning in Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Ede, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning is transforming most areas of science and technology, including electron microscopy. This review paper offers a practical perspective aimed at developers with limited familiarity. For context, we review popular applications of deep learning in electron microscopy. Afterwards, we discuss hardware and software needed to get started with deep learning and interface with electron microscopes. We then review neural network components, popular architectures, and their optimization. Finally, we discuss future directions of deep learning in electron microscopy.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures + 2 tables + 65 pages of references
An Overview of the Global Economy: Markets, Competitiveness and Trade Facilitation. Executive Interview: The Honorable Carole L. Brookins, U.S. Executive Director to the World Bank, 2001-2005
Creators: name: Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju
name: Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Global economy
subject: emerging markets
subject: competitiveness
subject: trade facilitation.

description: The global economy is growing increasingly more integrated. The dawn of the 21st century was marked with cutting edge technologies creating the platform for greater connectivity and competition among global markets. The evolving economic paradigm is re-defining the way products are moving across markets, regions and continents. The combined effect of technological advances, global political economy and seasonal weather variability has called for dynamism in the way businesses are run. The potential benefit of this development is that it could culminate into increased productivity through the involvement of more people in economic activities across the globe, and the development of new efficiencies and new technologies to better manage our environment and create the right economic blocs. This synopsis is an interview conducted with the Honorable Carole L. Brookins, former Executive Director to the World Bank, 2001-2005. The objective was to relate current and evolving global economic trends to their importance on markets, competitiveness and trade facilitation across the globe. This interview was conducted at the 16th Annual World Forum, Symposium and Case Conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina in June, 2006.
Thermal unpairing transitions affected by neutrality constraints and chiral dynamics
Creators: name: Abuki, H.
name: Kunihiro, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phase structure of homogeneous quark matter under the charge neutrality constraints, and present a unified picture of the thermal unpairing phase transitions for a wide range of the quark density. We supplement our discussions by developing the Ginzburg-Landau analysis.
description: 3 pages, 3 plots, contributed to the Proceedings of PANIC'05 (Particles and Nuclei International Conference), Santa Fe, NM, 24-28 October 2005
The Role of Trust in European Food Chains: Theory and Empirical Findings
Creators: name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Fischer, Christian
name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Fischer, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: trust
subject: levels of trust
subject: determinants to trust
subject: food chain management
subject: trust management

description: In Europe, consumer trust in food has become one of the most important factors for the stability of the food sector. An essential prerequisite for the ability to communicate the trustworthiness of food to consumers (B2C) is the creation, maintenance, and communication of trust between companies across the entire food value chain (B2B). For the management and preservation of trust in food chains it is important to know whether differences occur across European countries or whether distinct product chains show variations regarding trust. Based on a survey in five European countries with 747 respondents, this paper assesses the current level of trust between companies together with its influencing structural factors in European food chains and determines criteria allowing the active management of the level of trust in business relations in food chains by estimating a structural equation model.
Amberg, Ernst-Heinz, Behm, Hans Jürgen, Fritzsch, Klaus, Henkys, Jürgen, Raatz, Rose-Maria, Schwerin, Eckart, Tiebe, Christa, Zeddies, Helmut: "Aufschlüsse" - ein Glaubensbuch
Creators: name: Gang, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
On the Use of Valuation Mechanisms to Measure Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Novel Products: A Comparison of Hypothetical and Non-Hypothetical Values
Creators: name: Silva, Andres
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Campbell, Benjamin L.
name: Park, John L.
name: Silva, Andres
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Campbell, Benjamin L.
name: Park, John L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Conjoint analysis
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: auction
subject: hypothetical
subject: non-hypothetical

description: Willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for novel products are needed to assess consumers' valuation of these products as well as for product adoption and optimal pricing strategies. Using experiments in a retail setting, we compare hypothetical and non-hypothetical WTP values between a Becker-DeGroot-Marshak (BDM) auction mechanism and conjoint analysis. Our results suggest that the auction WTP values are higher than conjoint analysis WTP values. Moreover, the hypothetical WTP values are higher than the non-hypothetical WTP values in both elicitation mechanisms.
On the volatile enrichments and composition of Jupiter
Creators: name: Alibert, Yann
name: Mousis, Olivier
name: Benz, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the clathrate hydrates trapping theory, we discuss the enrichments in volatiles in the atmosphere of Jupiter measured by the \textit{Galileo} probe in the framework of new extended core-accretion planet formation models including migration and disk evolution. We construct a self-consistent model in which the volatile content of planetesimals accreted during the formation of Jupiter is calculated from the thermodynamical evolution of the disk. Assuming CO2:CO:CH4 = 30:10:1 (ratios compatible with ISM measurements), we show that we can explain the enrichments in volatiles in a way compatible with the recent constraints set from internal structure modeling on the total amount of heavy elements present in the planet.
description: Accepted in ApJLetters
Dirac's hole theory and the Pauli principle: clearing up the confusion
Creators: name: Solomon, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Dirac's hole theory (HT) the vacuum state is generally believed to be the state of minimum energy due to the assumption that the Pauli Exclusion Principle prevents the decay of positive energy electrons into occupied negative energy states. However recently papers have appeared that claim to show that there exist states with less energy than that of the vacuum[4][5][6]. Here we will consider a simple model of HT consisting of zero mass electrons in 1-1D space-time. It will be shown that for this model there are states with less energy than the HT vacuum state and that the Pauli Principle is obeyed. Therefore the conjecture that the Pauli Principle prevents the existence of states with less energy than the vacuum state is not correct.
description: Paper accepted by Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics. Minor changes in Appendix
Die Glasbilder der Surinam-Expedition des Utrechter Botanikers Prof. August Adriaan Pulle (1920/21)
Creators: name: Dellmann, Sarah
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Glasbilder, auch Glasdias, Glaspositive, Laternbilder und Lichtbilder genannt, wurden zwischen 1880 und 1950 in Universitäten und anderen Bildungseinrichtungen massenhaft eingesetzt, um Lehrveranstaltungen, öffentliche Vorträge und Lesungen zu illustrieren. Glasbilder sind in beinahe allen universitären Sammlungen erhalten, wurden jedoch bislang kaum in Bezug auf ihre visuellen Strategien, ihren epistemischen Status und ihre Verwendung innerhalb der jeweiligen Fachgeschichte aufgearbeitet. Im Rahmen eines geplanten Forschungsprojekts zu illustrierten Publikumsvorträgen von Wissenschaftler_innen analysiere ich eine Glasbildserie des Utrechter Botanikers August Adriaan Pulle (1878–1955) und zeige verschiedene methodische und theoretische Fragen auf, die sich im Laufe meiner Arbeit mit dieser Objektgattung ergaben. Durch das Zusammenfügen von Herangehensweisen, die traditionell entweder der Medienwissenschaft oder der Universitäts- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte zugeschrieben werden, rekonstruiert dieser Artikel die Bedeutung und den Einsatz dieser Objekte. Pulles Glasbildserie wurde nicht nur innerhalb der Universität, sondern auch für Publikumsvorträge eingesetzt, in denen Pulle seine wissenschaftliche Arbeit zur surinamischen Flora mit einer Stellungnahme zum (niederländischen) Kolonialismus verband. Die Beschäftigung mit Glasbildern bietet einen Zugang für noch kaum erforschte Aspekte der Mediengeschichte sowie der Universitäts- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Vor allem die durch Wissenschaftler_innen selbst hergestellten Glasbilder, so das Fazit, geben Aufschluss über ihr professionelles Selbstverständnis. Mit ihnen lassen sich die politische Verortung von Forschenden, die historischen Formen des Wissenstransfers mit den dazugehörigen Medien und Medienpraktiken sowie Netzwerke universitärer und außeruniversitärer Organisationen besser verstehen. Im Fall von Pulle sind die Objekte aufschlussreicher für eine Rekonstruktion seiner politischen Positionierung als seine publizierten fachlichen Arbeiten.
Filomeno Mata Totonac Field Materials
Creators: name: Andrés Cruz, Ermil
name: Andrés, Pedro José
name: Cortés García, Juan
name: Cortés López, Don Pascual
name: Cortés Vásquez, Rafael
name: Francisco Márquez, Concepción
name: García Cabrera, Marco Antonio
name: García Cortés, María Agustina
name: García García, Luis
name: Jerónimo Laureano, Miguel
name: Jerónimo Vásquez, María
name: Jerónimo Vásquez, Teresa
name: Laureano Jerónimo, Antonio
name: Laureano Márquez, Luz
name: López García, Isaías
name: López Jerónimo, Regina
name: López Juárez, Concepción
name: Márquez Andrés, Domingo
name: Márquez López, Lucas
name: Santiago Francisco, José
name: Santiago Francisco, Miguel
name: Santiago Gaona, Manuela
name: Santiago Ramos, Josefa
name: Vásquez Márquez, Rocío
name: Vásquez Santiago, Manuel
name: Vásquez Vásquez, Pedro
name: Amalfitano, Vincent
name: Mandell, Hannah
name: McFarland, Teresa
name: Sherman, Pamela
name: López Santiago, María Del Rosario
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020

description: Field notes (001-010); sound recordings of elicitation on a large number of grammatical topics and texts, from dissertation fieldwork (011-101); sound recordings of students' biographical interviews (102-108). Extant sound recordings go through the August 2006 field trip, and do not include those from 2007 or 2009 (see 'Historical information'). The sound recordings are extensive, and are not always represented straightforwardly in the notes. Content descriptions in file bundles 011-101 include page ranges of associated field notes (linked via relations), with indications of the location of text transcriptions in the notes. Some texts remain untranscribed. Users are encouraged to consult the field notes to determine the grammatical topic(s) investigated. The categories used in file bundle titles are elicitation of sentences, basic phrases, verb paradigms, and vocabulary, in addition to texts.
--------------------
Notas de trabajo de campo (001-010); grabaciones auditivas de elicitación de un gran número de temas gramaticales y textos, de trabajo de campo (011-101); grabaciones auditivas de las entrevistas biográficas de los estudiantes (102-108). Las grabaciones auditivas existentes abarcan hasta el viaje de campo de agosto de 2006; no incluyen las de 2007 o 2009 (véase a 'Historical information'). Las grabaciones auditivas son extensivas, y no están siempre representadas de manera directa en las notas. Las descripciones de contenido de los bultos de archivos 011-101 incluyen el rango de las páginas de las notas asociadas (vinculadas con relaciones), con indicaciones de las ubicaciones de las transcripciones de los textos en las notas. Algunos textos no han sido transcritos. Se le alienta al usuario consultar las notas de campo para determinar el tema gramatical investigado. Las categorías usadas en los títulos de los bultos de archivos son elicitación de oraciones, frases básicas, paradigmas verbales y vocabulario, además de los textos.
Novel Methods for Predicting Photometric Redshifts from Broad Band Photometry using Virtual Sensors
Creators: name: Way, M. J.
name: Srivastava, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate photometric redshifts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Main Galaxy Sample, The Galaxy Evolution Explorer All Sky Survey, and The Two Micron All Sky Survey using two new training-set methods. We utilize the broad-band photometry from the three surveys alongside Sloan Digital Sky Survey measures of photometric quality and galaxy morphology. Our first training-set method draws from the theory of ensemble learning while the second employs Gaussian process regression both of which allow for the estimation of redshift along with a measure of uncertainty in the estimation. The Gaussian process models the data very effectively with small training samples of approximately 1000 points or less. These two methods are compared to a well known Artificial Neural Network training-set method and to simple linear and quadratic regression. Our results show that robust photometric redshift errors as low as 0.02 RMS can regularly be obtained. We also demonstrate the need to provide confidence bands on the error estimation made by both classes of models. Our results indicate that variations due to the optimization procedure used for almost all neural networks, combined with the variations due to the data sample, can produce models with variations in accuracy that span an order of magnitude. A key contribution of this paper is to quantify the variability in the quality of results as a function of model and training sample. We show how simply choosing the "best" model given a data set and model class can produce misleading results.
description: 36 pages, 12 figures, ApJ in Press, modified to reflect published version and color figures
Bovine in vitro embryo production and oocyte preservation
Creators: name: Giritharan, Gnanaratnam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Several experiments were done with the overall objective to improve the production of in vitro embryos. In the first experiment, the optimum period for ovary removal and the effect of FSH priming at standing estrus were investigated to maximize viable oocyte yield from culled cows. Animals were ovariectomized either 2 d after induced estrus, 2 d after a single dose of FSH on the day of standing estrus or randomly irrespective of the stage of the estrous cycle. Oocyte recovery and, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were recorded for each treatment. Highest oocyte recovery was obtained from FSH-primed cows. Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were not significantly different among treatments. These results indicated that FSH treatment increases oocyte yield in culled cows. The second experiment examined methods for the short-term preservation of bovine oocytes. Oocytes were matured in either i) straws containing maturation media (MM) at 38.5 °C without 5% C02, ii) straws containing MM at room temperature without 5% C02 or iii) culture plates containing MM at 38.5 °C and 5% C02. After 24 h, oocytes were fertilized and cultured in vitro. Oocytes, which were matured at room temperature without 5% C02, showed significantly lower maturation, fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst formation rates than those matured at 38.5 °C. Oocytes matured at 38.5 °C with or without 5% C02 showed similar maturation, fertilization and cleavage rates, however, those with 5% C02 showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation rate. Therefore, 38.5 °C and a 5% C02 environment are optimal for oocyte maturation and embryo development. The third experiment was done to find a suitable cryopreservation method for the long-term preservation of bovine oocytes. Developmental competency of immature and mature oocytes undergoing slow freezing or vitrification was measured by cleavage and blastocyst formation rates. None of the slow frozen mature oocytes or vitrified immature and mature oocytes cleaved 72 h after insemination or developed to the blastocyst stage. Although some slow frozen immature oocytes eventually cleaved, the cleavage rate was significantly lower than that of control oocytes. This indicated that both cryoprotectant and cooling procedure affect the developmental competency of bovine oocytes. [Scientific formulae used in this abstract could not be reproduced.]
Integrable geodesic motion on 3D curved spaces from non-standard quantum deformations
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Ragnisco, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The link between 3D spaces with (in general, non-constant) curvature and quantum deformations is presented. It is shown how the non-standard deformation of a sl(2) Poisson coalgebra generates a family of integrable Hamiltonians that represent geodesic motions on 3D manifolds with a non-constant curvature that turns out to be a function of the deformation parameter z. A different Hamiltonian defined on the same deformed coalgebra is also shown to generate a maximally superintegrable geodesic motion on 3D Riemannian and (2+1)D relativistic spaces whose sectional curvatures are all constant and equal to z. This approach can be generalized to arbitrary dimension.
description: 7 pages. Communication presented at the 14th Int. Colloquium on Integrable Systems 14-16 June 2005, Prague, Czech Republic
2005 Michigan Tree Fruit Business Analysis Summary
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Crop Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 5 Michigan tree fruit farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of sales from cherries, apples, and other fruits. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm project. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed for 2005 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data was checked to verify that cash and debt discrepancy were within an acceptable range, cash discrepancy must be less than 10% of gross cash inflow and debt discrepancy must be less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables that follow.
The AGN-galaxy-halo connection: The distribution of AGN host halo masses to z=2.5
Creators: name: Aird, James
name: Coil, Alison L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely reported, based on clustering measurements of observed active galactic nuclei (AGN) samples, that AGN reside in similar mass host dark matter halos across the bulk of cosmic time, with log $M/M_\odot$~12.5-13.0 to z~2.5. We show that this is due in part to the AGN fraction in galaxies rising with increasing stellar mass, combined with AGN observational selection effects that exacerbate this trend. Here, we use AGN specific accretion rate distribution functions determined as a function of stellar mass and redshift for star-forming and quiescent galaxies separately, combined with the latest galaxy-halo connection models, to determine the parent and sub-halo mass distribution function of AGN to various observational limits. We find that while the median (sub-)halo mass of AGN, $\approx10^{12}M_\odot$, is fairly constant with luminosity, specific accretion rate, and redshift, the full halo mass distribution function is broad, spanning several orders of magnitude. We show that widely used methods to infer a typical dark matter halo mass based on an observed AGN clustering amplitude can result in biased, systematically high host halo masses. While the AGN satellite fraction rises with increasing parent halo mass, we find that the central galaxy is often not an AGN. Our results elucidate the physical causes for the apparent uniformity of AGN host halos across cosmic time and underscore the importance of accounting for AGN selection biases when interpreting observational AGN clustering results. We further show that AGN clustering is most easily interpreted in terms of the relative bias to galaxy samples, not from absolute bias measurements alone.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Updated to show median halo masses following referee's helpful comments
Quantifying the Luminosity Evolution in Gamma-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Kocevski, Daniel
name: Liang, Edison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the luminosity evolution and formation rate for over 900 GRBs by using redshift and luminosity data calculated by Band, Norris, $&$ Bonnell (2004) via the lag-luminosity correlation. By applying maximum likelihood techniques, we are able to infer the true distribution of the parent GRB population's luminosity function and density distributions in a way that accounts for detector selection effects. We find that after accounting for data truncation, there still exists a significant correlation between the average luminosity and redshift, indicating that distant GRBs are on average more luminous than nearby counterparts. This is consistent with previous studies showing strong source evolution and also recent observations of under luminous nearby GRBs. We find no evidence for beaming angle evolution in the current sample of GRBs with known redshift, suggesting that this increase in luminosity can not be due to an evolution of the collimation of gamma-ray emission. The resulting luminosity function is well fit with a single power law of index $L'^{-1.5}$, which is intermediate between the values predicted by the power-law and Gaussian structured jet models. We also find that the GRB comoving rate density rises steeply with a broad peak between $1 3$. This rate density qualitatively matches the current estimates of the cosmic star formation rate, favoring a short lived massive star progenitor model, or a binary model with a short delay between the formation of the compact object and the eventual merger.
All higher-dimensional Majumdar-Papapetrou black holes
Creators: name: Lucietti, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the only asymptotically flat spacetimes with a suitably regular event horizon, in a generalised Majumdar-Papapetrou class of solutions to higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory, are the standard multi-black holes. The proof involves a careful analysis of the near-horizon geometry and an extension of the positive mass theorem to Riemannian manifolds with conical singularities. This completes the classification of asymptotically flat, static, extreme black hole solutions in this theory.
description: 10 pages. v2: minor correction, assumption added, references added. v3: main result stated as a theorem, published version
2005 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Crop Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the 2005 financial and production records of 64 Michigan cash grain farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of these items: corn, soybeans, wheat, navy beans, oats, sugar beets and other small grains. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm project and Farm Credit Service of Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial analysis had completed 2005 data including beginning and ending balance sheets and a statement of income and expenses. The data were checked to verify that cash discrepancy was less than 10% of gross cash inflow and that debt discrepancy was less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables.
2005 Michigan Upper Peninsula Dairy Business Analysis Summary
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 30 dairy farms across the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from milk and dairy animal sales. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm project and Farm Credit Service system in Michigan. Farm records checked for accuracy. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables and discussion that follows.
Statistical modelling of the cosmological dispersion measure
Creators: name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Mori, Asuka
name: Funahashi, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the basic statistics of the cosmological dispersion measure (DM) -- such as its mean, variance, probability distribution, angular power spectrum and correlation function -- using the state-of-the-art hydrodynamic simulations, IllustrisTNG300, for the fast radio burst (FRB) cosmology. To model the DM statistics, we first measured the free-electron abundance and the power spectrum of its spatial fluctuations. The free-electron power spectrum turns out to be consistent with the dark matter power spectrum at large scales, but it is strongly damped at small scales ($\lesssim 1$Mpc) owing to the stellar and active galactic nucleus feedback. The free-electron power spectrum is well modelled using a scale-dependent bias factor (the ratio of its fluctuation amplitude to that of the dark matter). We provide analytical fitting functions for the free-electron abundance and its bias factor. We next constructed mock sky maps of the DM by performing standard ray-tracing simulations with the TNG300 data. The DM statistics are calculated analytically from the fitting functions of the free-electron distribution, which agree well with the simulation results measured from the mock maps. We have also obtained the probability distribution of source redshift for a given DM, which helps in identifying the host galaxies of FRBs from the measured DMs. The angular two-point correlation function of the DM is described by a simple power law, $ξ(θ) \approx 2400 (θ/{\rm deg})^{-1} \, {\rm pc}^2 \, {\rm cm}^{-6}$, which we anticipate will be confirmed by future observations when thousands of FRBs are available.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS; minor corrections; a numerical code for the DM statistics is available at http://cosmo.phys.hirosaki-u.ac.jp/takahasi/codes_e.htm
2005 Michigan Swine (Farrow to Finish) Business Analysis Summary
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 11 Michigan, farrow to finish, swine farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of fat hogs, feeder pigs and cull breeding hogs sales. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm project and the Farm Credit Service system in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed on 2005 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data were checked to verify that cash discrepancy was less than 10% of gross cash inflow and that debt discrepancy was less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables.
Combining GW calculations with exact-exchange density-functional theory: An analysis of valence-band photoemission for compound semiconductors
Creators: name: Rinke, Patrick
name: Qteish, Abdallah
name: Neugebauer, Joerg
name: Freysoldt, Christoph
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report quasiparticle-energy calculations of the electronic bandstructure as measured by valence-band photoemission for selected II-VI compounds and group-III-nitrides. By applying GW as perturbation to the ground state of the fictitious, non-interacting Kohn-Sham electrons of density-functional theory (DFT) we systematically study the electronic structure of zinc-blende GaN, ZnO, ZnS and CdS. Special emphasis is put on analysing the role played by the cation semicore d-electrons that are explicitly included as valence electrons in our pseudopotential approach. Unlike in the majority of previous GW studies, which are almost exlusively based on ground state calculations in the local-density approximation (LDA), we combine GW with exact-exchange DFT calculations in the optimised-effective potential approach (OEPx). This is a much more elaborate and computationally expensive approach. However, we show that applying the OEPx approach leads to an improved description of the d-electron hybridisation compared to the LDA. Moreover we find that it is essential to use OEPx pseudopotentials in order to treat core-valence exchange consistently. Our OEPx based quasiparticle valence bandstructures are in good agreement with available photoemission data in contrast to the ones based on the LDA. We therefore conclude that for these materials OEPx constitutes the better starting point for subsequent GW calculations.
description: 32 pages including 8 figures; related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/th.html
aether: Distributed system emulation in Common Lisp
Creators: name: Peterson, Eric C.
name: Karalekas, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.3; D.3.2

description: We describe a Common Lisp package suitable for the high-level design, specification, simulation, and instrumentation of real-time distributed algorithms and hardware on which to run them. We discuss various design decisions around the package structure, and we explore their consequences with small examples.
description: Final, for-publication version
Noble Metal Free, Visible Light Driven Photocatalysis Using TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Sensitized by P‐Doped C3N4 Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: Cheminformatics
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39902 Forensic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: 30501 Free Radical Chemistry

description: Bulk g‐C3N4 is an earth‐abundant, easily synthesizable, and exceptionally stable photocatalyst with an electronic bandgap of 2.7 eV. Herein, the concepts of P‐doping and size quantization are combined to synthesize highly fluorescent P‐doped carbon nitride quantum dots (CNPQDs) with a bandgap of 2.1 eV. CNPQDs are hosted on anatase‐phase and rutile‐phase TiO2 nanotube array scaffolds, and examined as photoanodes for sunlight‐driven water‐splitting and as photocatalysts for surface catalytic reactions. Square‐shaped rutile phase TiO2 nanotube arrays (STNAs) decorated with CNPQDs (CNPQD‐STNA) generate 2.54 mA cm−2 photocurrent under AM1.5 G simulated sunlight.
Pump-probe nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency modulated light
Creators: name: Pustelny, S.
name: Kimball, D. F.
name: Rochester, S. M.
name: Yashchuk, V. V.
name: Gawlik, W.
name: Budker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specific types of atomic coherences between Zeeman sublevels can be generated and detected using a method based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency modulated light. Linearly polarized, frequency modulated light is employed to selectively generate ground-state coherences between Zeeman sublevels for which $Δm=2$ and $Δm=4$ in $^{85}$Rb and $^{87}$Rb atoms, and additionally $Δm=6$ in $^{85}$Rb. The atomic coherences are detected with a separate, unmodulated probe light beam. Separation of the pump and probe beams enables independent investigation of the processes of creation and detection of the atomic coherences. With the present technique the transfer of the Zeeman coherences, including high-order coherences, from excited to ground state by spontaneous emission has been observed.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures
Causes and Consequences of Physiological Stress of Women Involved in Tea Plucking Activity
Creators: name: Kishtwaria, Jatinder
name: Rana, Aruna
name: Awasthi, Kumud
name: Lata, Suman
name: Kishtwaria, Jatinder
name: Rana, Aruna
name: Awasthi, Kumud
name: Lata, Suman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Drudgery
subject: Cardiac cost
subject: Physiological stress
subject: Fatigue
subject: Workload

description: The present study was conducted in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh (India) to study the physiological workload of respondents engaged in plucking tea leaves and identify the major causes and consequences of physiological stress. Majority of the respondents had ectomorph body with average physical fitness. During plucking tea leaves, the body of women workers deviate from natural alignment due to varying height of tea bushes. Hence, a continuous awkward standing posture, adverse environment and working conditions increase drudgery and decrease productivity of women workers. The change in environment temperature caused significantly higher physiological stress to the workers. At average working heart rate values during complete cycle of plucking, the total cardiac cost of work (TCCW-1166.21,108/92.62) and physiological cost of work (PCW=21.43, 21.90 beats) of the respondents in 25-35 and 35-45 years age category showed unacceptable physiological stress of higher workload and fatigue. The regression analysis of physical characteristics that is age, height, weight, body mass index, physical fitness index with heart rate showed that better the physical health lesser is the stress of workload on health of workers.
Probing electronic excitations in molecular conduction
Creators: name: Muralidharan, B.
name: Ghosh, A. W.
name: Datta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify experimental signatures in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of weakly contacted molecules directly arising from excitations in their many electron spectrum. The current is calculated using a multielectron master equation in the Fock space of an exact diagonalized model many-body Hamiltonian for a prototypical molecule. Using this approach, we explain several nontrivial features in frequently observed I-Vs in terms of a rich spectrum of excitations that may be hard to describe adequately with standard one-electron self-consistent field (SCF) theories.
description: Significantly different content -- inadequacy of SCF approach described with simple model, and a whole new class of experiments showing gate modulated current steps discussed in terms of excitations in the molecular many-body space
A Modelling Framework for Addressing the Synergies between Global Conventions through Land Use Changes: Carbon Sequestration, Biodiversity Conservation, Prevention of Land Degradation and Food Security in Agricultural and Forested Lands in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Ponce-Hernandez, Raul
name: Ponce-Hernandez, Raul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper proposed a methodological framework for the assessment of carbon stocks and the development and identification of land use, land use change and land management scenarios, whereby enhancing carbon sequestration synergistically increases biodiversity, the prevention of land degradation and food security through the increases in crop yields. The framework integrates satellite image interpretation, computer modelling tools (i.e. software customization of off-the-shelf soil organic matter turnover simulation models) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The framework addresses directly and indirectly the cross-cutting ecological concerns foci of major global conventions: climate change, biodiversity, the combat of desertification and food security. Their synergies are targeted by providing procedures for assessing and identifying simultaneously carbon sinks, potential increases in plant diversity, measures to prevent land degradation and enhancements in food security through crop yields, implicit in each land use change and land management scenario. The scenarios aim at providing 'win-win' options to decision makers through the framework's decision support tools. Issues concerning complex model parameterization and spatial representation were tackled through tight coupling soil carbon models to GIS via software customization. Results of applying the framework in the field in two developing countries indicate that reasonably accurate estimates of carbon sequestration can be obtained through modeling; and that alternative best soil organic matter management practices that arrest shifting 'slash-and-burn' cultivation and prevent burning and emissions, can be identified. Such options also result in increased crop yields and food security for an average family size in the area, while enhancing biodiversity and preventing land degradation. These options demonstrate that the judicious management of organic matter is central to greenhouse gas mitigation and the attainment of synergistic ecological benefits, which is the concern of global conventions. The framework is to be further developed through successive approximations and refinement in future, extending its applicability to other landscapes.
The path from lattice QCD to the short-distance contribution to $0νββ$ decay with a light Majorana neutrino
Creators: name: Davoudi, Zohreh
name: Kadam, Saurabh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinoless double-$β$ ($0νββ$) decay of certain atomic isotopes, if observed, will have significant implications for physics of neutrinos and models of physics beyond the Standard Model. In the simplest scenario, if the mass of the light neutrino of the Standard Model has a Majorana component, it can mediate the decay. Systematic theoretical studies of the decay rate in this scenario, through effective field theories matched to \emph{ab initio} nuclear many-body calculations, are needed to draw conclusions about the hierarchy of neutrino masses, and to plan the design of future experiments. However, a recently identified short-distance contribution at leading order in the effective field theory amplitude of the subprocess $nn \to pp\,(ee)$ remains unknown, and only lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) can directly and reliably determine the associated low-energy constant. While the numerical computations of the correlation function for this process are underway with lattice QCD, the connection to the physical amplitude, and hence this short-distance contribution, is missing. A complete framework that enables this complex matching is developed in this paper. The complications arising from Euclidean and finite-volume nature of the corresponding correlation function are fully resolved, and the value of the formalism is demonstrated through a simple example. The result of this work, therefore, fills the gap between first-principle studies of the $nn \to pp\,(ee)$ amplitude from lattice QCD and those from effective field theory, and can be readily employed in the ongoing lattice-QCD studies of this process.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, v2: Typos fixed. Slightly shortened version that matches the journal version
Problems and Progress in Flare Fast Particle Diagnostics
Creators: name: Brown, John C.
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the diagnosis of flare fast particles is critically discussed with the main emphasis on high resolution Hard X-Ray (HXR) data from RHESSI and coordinated data from other instruments. Spectacular new photon data findings are highlighted as are advances in theoretical aspects of their use as fast particle diagnostics, and some important comparisons made with interplanetary particle data. More specifically the following topics are addressed (a) RHESSI data on HXR (electron) versus gamma-ray line (ion) source locations. (b) RHESSI hard X-ray source spatial structure in relation to theoretical models and loop density structure. (c) Energy budget of flare electrons and the Neupert effect. (d) Spectral deconvolution methods including blind target testing and results for RHESSI HXR spectra, including the reality and implications of dips inferred in electron spectra (e) The relation between flare in-situ and interplanetary particle data.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Advances in Space Research
Optical control of selectivity of high rate CO2 photoreduction via interband- or hot electron Z-scheme reaction pathways in Au-TiO2 plasmonic photonic crystal photocatalyst
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30404 Cheminformatics and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships
subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: Cheminformatics
subject: 30103 Flow Analysis
subject: 39902 Forensic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: 30501 Free Radical Chemistry

description: Photonic crystals consisting of TiO2 nanotube arrays (PMTiNTs) with periodically modulated diameters were fabricated using a precise charge-controlled pulsed anodization technique. The PMTiNTs were decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to form plasmonic photonic crystal photocatalysts (Au-PMTiNTs). A systematic study of CO2 photoreduction performance on as-prepared samples was conducted using different wavelengths and illumination sequences.
Reconstruction of twisted Steinberg algebras
Creators: name: Armstrong, Becky
name: de Castro, Gilles G.
name: Clark, Lisa Orloff
name: Courtney, Kristin
name: Lin, Ying-Fen
name: McCormick, Kathryn
name: Ramagge, Jacqui
name: Sims, Aidan
name: Steinberg, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S99 (primary), 22A22 (secondary)

description: We show how to recover a discrete twist over an ample Hausdorff groupoid from a pair consisting of an algebra and what we call a quasi-Cartan subalgebra. We identify precisely which twists arise in this way (namely, those that satisfy the local bisection hypothesis), and we prove that the assignment of twisted Steinberg algebras to such twists and our construction of a twist from a quasi-Cartan pair are mutually inverse. We identify the algebraic pairs that correspond to effective groupoids and to principal groupoids. We also indicate the scope of our results by identifying large classes of twists for which the local bisection hypothesis holds automatically.
description: 47 pages. This version matches the version in International Mathematics Research Notices (IMRN)