cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Coupling of Pygmy and Giant Resonances in Relativistic Coulomb Excitation
Creators: name: Brady, N. S.
name: Aumann, T.
name: Bertulani, C. A.
name: Thomas, J. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Coulomb excitation of pygmy dipole resonances (PDR) in heavy ion reactions at 100 MeV/nucleon and above. The reactions 68Ni+197Au and 68Ni+208Pb are taken as a practical examples. Our goal is to address the question of the influence of giant resonances on the PDR as the dynamics of the collision evolves. We show that the coupling to the giant resonances affects considerably the excitation probabilities of the PDR, a result that indicates the need of an improved theoretical treatment of the reaction dynamics at these bombarding energies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
title: Atlas der Hautkrankheiten . [Abbildungen] Lfg. 2 : Favus, Herpes Tonsurans, Pityriasis Versicolor, Alopecia Areata
Creators: name: Hebra, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 1858
Subjects: Medical sciences, Medicine
Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Layoutgetreues Digitalisat der Ausg.: Wien : Kaiserl.-Königl. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1858 Standort: Zentralbibliothek Signatur: XId A 108 f, Abb., 2 #K [A]
Evaluating Local Adaptation and Conservation with Life Tables
Creators: name: Poddar, Urmi
name: Coyle, Jessica
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: This module contains a sequence of activities designed for an undergraduate ecology lesson on stage-structured population models or life tables that use published data. Two versions are provided: Version A emphasizes stage-structured population models and asks students to construct matrix models using data from a common garden experiment with two locally-adapted subspecies the a biennial plant, Gilia capitata. Version B focuses on life tables and survivorship curves by comparing the Gilia capitata data with data on Bighorn sheep and Monk seals. Both versions contain an initial introductory activity and an optional follow-up activity in which students conduct a sensitivity analysis to determine effects of climate change (version A) or conservation scenarios (version B).
Nasal lavage natural killer cell function is suppressed in smokers after live attenuated influenza virus
Creators: name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Herbst, Margaret C
name: Zhang, Hongtao
name: Noah, Terry
name: Horvath, Katherine M
name: Zhou, Haibo
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background Modified function of immune cells in nasal secretions may play a role in the enhanced susceptibility to respiratory viruses that is seen in smokers. Innate immune cells in nasal secretions have largely been characterized by cellular differentials using morphologic criteria alone, which have successfully identified neutrophils as a significant cell population within nasal lavage fluid (NLF) cells. However, flow cytometry may be a superior method to fully characterize NLF immune cells. We therefore characterized immune cells in NLF by flow cytometry, determined the effects of live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) on NLF and peripheral blood immune cells, and compared responses in samples obtained from smokers and nonsmokers. Methods In a prospective observational study, we characterized immune cells in NLF of nonsmokers at baseline using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Nonsmokers and smokers were inoculated with LAIV on day 0 and serial nasal lavages were collected on days 1-4 and day 9 post-LAIV. LAIV-induced changes of NLF cells were characterized using flow cytometry. Cell-free NLF was analyzed for immune mediators by bioassay. Peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells from nonsmokers and smokers at baseline were stimulated in vitro with LAIV followed by flow cytometric and mediator analyses. Results CD45(+)CD56(-)CD16(+) neutrophils and CD45(+)CD56(+) NK cells comprised median 4.62% (range 0.33-14.52) and 23.27% (18.29-33.97), respectively, of non-squamous NLF cells in nonsmokers at baseline. LAIV did not induce changes in total NK cell or neutrophil percentages in either nonsmokers or smokers. Following LAIV inoculation, CD16(+) NK cell percentages and granzyme B levels increased in nonsmokers, and these effects were suppressed in smokers. LAIV inoculation enhanced expression of activating receptor NKG2D and chemokine receptor CXCR3 on peripheral blood NK cells from both nonsmokers and smokers in vitro but did not induce changes in CD16(+) NK cells or granzyme B activity in either group. Conclusions These data are the first to identify NK cells as a major immune cell type in the NLF cell population and demonstrate that mucosal NK cell cytotoxic function is suppressed in smokers following LAIV. Altered NK cell function in smokers suggests a potential mechanism that may enhance susceptibility to respiratory viruses.
Strong diquark correlations inside the proton
Creators: name: Segovia, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Chromodynamics is thought to be the relativistic quantum field theory that describes the strong interaction of the Standard Model. This interaction produces mesons but it is also able to generate quark-quark (diquark) correlations inside baryons. In this work, we employ a continuum approach to QCD based on Dyson-Schwinger equations to calculate the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and analyze in a deeper way the consequences of having strong diquark correlations. Comparison with the experimental data reveals that the presence of strong diquark correlations within the proton is sufficient to understand empirical extractions of the flavour-separated form factors. The explained reduction of the ratios $F_{1}^{d}/F_{1}^{u}$ and $F_{2}^{d}/F_{2}^{u}$ at high $Q^{2}$ in the quark-diquark picture are responsible of the precocious scaling of the $F_{2}^{p}/F_{1}^{p}$ observed experimentally.
description: To be published in the proceedings of 21st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Chicago, IL, 18-22 May 2015
How to bring stakeholders together
Creators: name: Pourailly, María José López
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: RedCLARA
BELLA II
Latin America
stakeholder engagement

description: This presentation was delivered at the SIG-marcomms Autumn online meeting on October 5, 2023. It is about how RedCLARA's strategy on stakeholder engagement in the BELLA II project.
Realization of a vertical topological p-n junction in epitaxial $\mathrm{Sb_2Te_3 / Bi_2Te_3}$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Eschbach, Markus
name: Mlynczak, Ewa
name: Kellner, Jens
name: Kampmeier, Jörn
name: Lanius, Martin
name: Neumann, Elmar
name: Weyrich, Christian
name: Gehlmann, Mathias
name: Gospodaric, Pika
name: Döring, Sven
name: Mussler, Gregor
name: Demarina, Nataliya
name: Luysberg, Martina
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Schäpers, Thomas
name: Plucinski, Lukasz
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Morgenstern, Markus
name: Schneider, Claus M.
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3D topological insulators are a new state of quantum matter which exhibits both a bulk band structure with an insulating energy gap as well as metallic spin-polarized Dirac fermion states when interfaced with a topologically trivial material. There have been various attempts to tune the Dirac point to a desired energetic position for exploring its unusual quantum properties. Here we show a direct experimental proof by angle-resolved photoemission of the realization of a vertical topological p-n junction made of a heterostructure of two different binary 3D TI materials $\mathrm{Bi_2Te_3}$ and $\mathrm{Sb_2Te_3}$ epitaxially grown on Si(111). We demonstrate that the chemical potential is tunable by about 200 meV when decreasing the upper $\mathrm{Sb_2Te_3}$ layer thickness from 25 to 6 quintuple layers without applying any external bias. These results make it realistic to observe the topological exciton condensate and pave the way of exploring other exotic quantum phenomena in the near future.
description: 5 Figures; including supplementary information
Lustre, Hadoop, Accumulo
Creators: name: Kepner, Jeremy
name: Arcand, William
name: Bestor, David
name: Bergeron, Bill
name: Byun, Chansup
name: Edwards, Lauren
name: Gadepally, Vijay
name: Hubbell, Matthew
name: Michaleas, Peter
name: Mullen, Julie
name: Prout, Andrew
name: Rosa, Antonio
name: Yee, Charles
name: Reuther, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data processing systems impose multiple views on data as it is processed by the system. These views include spreadsheets, databases, matrices, and graphs. There are a wide variety of technologies that can be used to store and process data through these different steps. The Lustre parallel file system, the Hadoop distributed file system, and the Accumulo database are all designed to address the largest and the most challenging data storage problems. There have been many ad-hoc comparisons of these technologies. This paper describes the foundational principles of each technology, provides simple models for assessing their capabilities, and compares the various technologies on a hypothetical common cluster. These comparisons indicate that Lustre provides 2x more storage capacity, is less likely to loose data during 3 simultaneous drive failures, and provides higher bandwidth on general purpose workloads. Hadoop can provide 4x greater read bandwidth on special purpose workloads. Accumulo provides 10,000x lower latency on random lookups than either Lustre or Hadoop but Accumulo's bulk bandwidth is 10x less. Significant recent work has been done to enable mix-and-match solutions that allow Lustre, Hadoop, and Accumulo to be combined in different ways.
description: 6 pages; accepted to IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing conference, Waltham, MA, 2015
High Energy Vision: Processing X-rays
Creators: name: DePasquale, Joseph
name: Arcand, Kimberly
name: Edmonds, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomy is by nature a visual science. The high quality imagery produced by the world's observatories can be a key to effectively engaging with the public and helping to inspire the next generation of scientists. Creating compelling astronomical imagery can, however, be particularly challenging in the non-optical wavelength regimes. In the case of X-ray astronomy, where the amount of light available to create an image is severely limited, it is necessary to employ sophisticated image processing algorithms to translate light beyond human vision into imagery that is aesthetically pleasing while still being scientifically accurate. This paper provides a brief overview of the history of X-ray astronomy leading to the deployment of NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, followed by an examination of the specific challenges posed by processing X-ray imagery. The authors then explore image processing techniques used to mitigate such processing challenges in order to create effective public imagery for X-ray astronomy. A follow-up paper to this one will take a more in-depth look at the specific techniques and algorithms used to produce press-quality imagery.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, published in Studies in Media and Communication
Neural correlates of socioeconomic status, language ability, and autism symptoms in early childhood
Creators: name: Olson, Lindsay
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: As lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders, autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have profound impacts on quality of life for affected individuals and their families. Many (~25%) individuals with ASDs never acquire spoken language, and most others show speech delays, or atypical language. Although efforts have been made to understand mechanisms underlying language delays in ASDs, socioeconomic status (SES) – a critical factor that impacts development, including language – is not often examined in the context of autism and language development. As a result, it remains unknown whether conditions associated with low SES render young children with ASDs even more susceptible to language delays and abnormalities. This study proposes to examine language patterns, and their neural correlates in a socioeconomically diverse sample of young children with (and without) ASDs at two longitudinal time points. Leveraging the multimodal data from the SDSU Toddler MRI project, we propose to evaluate associations between SES and indices of language development, and the brain connectivity of language networks, at 24-32 and 46-52 months of age (Time Points 1 & 2). In line with the AS focus on inclusion of individuals from low- resources communities, this study will advance our understanding of whether and to what extent lower-SES children with autism may be more vulnerable to language delays and more atypical brain network organization, compared to higher-SES peers with the disorder.
On an injectivity lemma in the proof of Tannakian duality
Creators: name: Hai, Phùng Hô
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short work we give a very short and elementary proof of the injectivity lemma, which plays an important role in the Tannakian duality for Hopf algebras over a field. Based on this we provide some generalizations of this fact to the case of flat algebras over a noetherian domain.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Algebra and its Applications
Vlasov tokamak equilibria with shearad toroidal flow and anisotropic pressure
Creators: name: Kuiroukidis, Ap
name: Throumoulopoulos, G. N.
name: Tasso, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By choosing appropriate deformed Maxwellian ion and electron distribution functions depending on the two particle constants of motion, i.e. the energy and toroidal angular momentum, we reduce the Vlasov axisymmetric equilibrium problem for quasineutral plasmas to a transcendental Grad-Shafranov-like equation. This equation is then solved numerically under the Dirichlet boundary condition for an analytically prescribed boundary possessing a lower X-point to construct tokamak equilibria with toroidal sheared ion flow and anisotropic pressure. Depending on the deformation of the distribution functions these steady states can have toroidal current densities either peaked on the magnetic axis or hollow. These two kinds of equilibria may be regarded as a bifurcation in connection with symmetry properties of the distribution functions on the magnetic axis.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
SplicerAV: A tool for mining microarray expression data for changes in RNA processing
Creators: name: Dinan, Michaela
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Over the past two decades more than fifty thousand unique clinical and biological samples have been assayed using the Affymetrix HG-U133 and HG-U95 GeneChip microarray platforms. This substantial repository has been used extensively to characterize changes in gene expression between biological samples, but has not been previously mined en masse for changes in mRNA processing. We explored the possibility of using HG-U133 microarray data to identify changes in alternative mRNA processing in several available archival datasets. Results Data from these and other gene expression microarrays can now be mined for changes in transcript isoform abundance using a program described here, SplicerAV. Using in vivo and in vitro breast cancer microarray datasets, SplicerAV was able to perform both gene and isoform specific expression profiling within the same microarray dataset. Our reanalysis of Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 data generated by in vitro over-expression of HRAS, E2F3, beta-catenin (CTNNB1), SRC, and MYC identified several hundred oncogene-induced mRNA isoform changes, one of which recognized a previously unknown mechanism of EGFR family activation. Using clinical data, SplicerAV predicted 241 isoform changes between low and high grade breast tumors; with changes enriched among genes coding for guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors, metalloprotease inhibitors, and mRNA processing factors. Isoform changes in 15 genes were associated with aggressive cancer across the three breast cancer datasets. Conclusions Using SplicerAV, we identified several hundred previously uncharacterized isoform changes induced by in vitro oncogene over-expression and revealed a previously unknown mechanism of EGFR activation in human mammary epithelial cells. We analyzed Affymetrix GeneChip data from over 400 human breast tumors in three independent studies, making this the largest clinical dataset analyzed for en masse changes in alternative mRNA processing. The capacity to detect RNA isoform changes in archival microarray data using SplicerAV allowed us to carry out the first analysis of isoform specific mRNA changes directly associated with cancer survival.
Age differences in Machiavellianism across the life span: Evidence from a large-scale cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Götz, Friedrich
name: Bleidorn, Wiebke
name: Rentfrow, Jason
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The current research projects uses a large-scale cross-sectional dataset to examine age-graded differences in Machiavellianism from emerging adulthood to late adulthood (age 18 –65).
Low-mass neutron stars: universal relations, the nuclear symmetry energy and gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Silva, Hector O.
name: Sotani, Hajime
name: Berti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lowest neutron star masses currently measured are in the range $1.0-1.1~M_\odot$, but these measurement have either large uncertainties or refer to isolated neutron stars. The recent claim of a precisely measured mass $M/M_{\odot} = 1.174 \pm 0.004$ by Martinez et al [Astrophys. J. 812, 143 (2015)] in a double neutron star system suggests that low-mass neutron stars may be an interesting target for gravitational-wave detectors. Furthermore, Sotani et al [PTEP 2014, 051E01 (2014)] recently found empirical formulas relating the mass and surface redshift of nonrotating neutron stars to the star's central density and to the parameter $η\equiv (K_0 L^2)^{1/3}$, where $K_0$ is the incompressibility of symmetric nuclear matter and $L$ is the slope of the symmetry energy at saturation density. Motivated by these considerations, we extend the work by Sotani et al to slowly rotating and tidally deformed neutron stars. We compute the moment of inertia, quadrupole moment, quadrupole ellipticity, tidal and rotational Love number and apsidal constant of slowly rotating neutron stars by integrating the Hartle-Thorne equations at second order in rotation, and we fit all of these quantities as functions of $η$ and of the central density. These fits may be used to constrain $η$, either via observations of binary pulsars in the electromagnetic spectrum, or via near-future observations of inspiralling compact binaries in the gravitational-wave spectrum.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. v2: updated figures and text. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns Sterna dougallii frequently rest on the sea surface in winter quarters and during migration
Creators: name: Oswald, Stephen A.
name: Nisbet, Ian C. T.
name: Mostello, Carolyn S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns S. dougallii rarely rest on the sea surface during the breeding season but frequently do so in winter and on migration. To investigate the behaviour of Common and Roseate Terns throughout the annual cycle using immersion sensors. We analyzed data from immersion sensors attached to 11 Common Terns and 6 Roseate Terns that bred in the northeastern USA and wintered either on the north or east coasts of South America, to investigate temporal patterns of resting on saltwater throughout the annual cycle. Both species of tern rarely contacted salt water during the breeding season, except when bathing or plunge-diving, but in winter they spent several hours each day resting on the sea surface. This resting was most frequent around midday and least frequent in early mornings and late afternoons. Night-time immersion varied widely among individuals but terns wintering in eastern Brazil were less likely to spend the night on the sea surface than those wintering on the north coast of South America. We suggest that this reflected the availability of dry-land roosting sites. Our results are consistent with and extend studies from Europe, confirming that although Common and Roseate Terns spend very little time resting on the sea surface in the breeding season, this behaviour is frequent during migration and wintering periods.
Efficacy and clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccines in HIV-infected individuals: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Adimora, Adaora
name: Kalilani, Linda
name: Atashili, Julius
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract Background Though influenza vaccines are the cornerstone of medical interventions aimed at protecting individuals against epidemic influenza, their effectiveness in HIV infected individuals is not certain. With the recent detection of influenza strains in countries with high HIV prevalence rates, we aimed at evaluating the current evidence on the efficacy and clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccines in HIV-infected individuals. Methods We used electronic databases to identify studies assessing efficacy or effectiveness of influenza vaccines in HIV patients. We included studies that compared the incidence of culture- or serologically-confirmed influenza or clinical influenza-like illness in vaccinated to unvaccinated HIV infected individuals. Characteristics of study participants were independently abstracted and the risk difference (RD), the number needed to vaccinate to prevent one case of influenza (NNV) and the vaccine effectiveness (VE) computed. Results We identified six studies that assessed the incidence of influenza in vaccinated HIV-infected subjects. Four of these studies compared the incidence in vaccinated versus unvaccinated subjects. These involved a total of 646 HIV-infected subjects. In all the 4 studies, the incidence of influenza was lower in the vaccinated compared to unvaccinated subjects with RD ranging from -0.48 (95% CI: -0.63, -0.34) to -0.15 (95% CI: -0.25, 0.05); between 3 and 7 people would need to be vaccinated to prevent one case of influenza. Vaccine effectiveness ranged from 27% to 78%. A random effects model was used to obtain a summary RD of -0.27 (95%CI: -0.42, -0.11). There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion Current evidence, though limited, suggests that influenza vaccines are moderately effective in reducing the incidence of influenza in HIV-infected individuals. With the threat of a global influenza pandemic, there is an urgent need to evaluate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in trials with a larger number of representative HIV-infected persons.
The relationship between Mute Swan Cygnus olor population trends in Great Britain and environmental change
Creators: name: Ki, Tiffany L.T.
name: Pain, Deborah J.
name: Gill, Jennifer A.
name: Green, Rhys E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: The increase in autumn sowing of crops is probably an additional contributory factor to the national ban on lead angling weights in influencing the large increase in British Mute Swan Cygnus olor numbers since the 1970s. The national population of Mute Swans in Great Britain has more than doubled since the 1970s, and previous correlative analyses of national population changes identified a national ban on lead angling weights in 1987 as the main driver of this change. We examine regional variation in Mute Swan population changes to test the contribution of additional environmental covariates to the observed increase. We explore regional and national variation in Mute Swan population trends to changes in climate, agriculture, water quality, and angling to assess whether the same patterns emerge at different scales. Changes in the extent of oilseed rape and wheat, which provide winter food for Mute Swans, showed a consistent positive association with the spatial and temporal pattern of Mute Swan population trends, while a proxy for the expected change in the exposure of swans to lead weights from angling contributed much less. The lead weight ban occurred alongside rapid changes in arable cropping area, with swans probably benefitting from both increased food resources and reduced rates of lead ingestion. Our study highlights the value of exploiting both spatial and temporal variation in abundance when exploring potential drivers of population change. Future changes in agricultural policy and practice in Great Britain may influence Mute Swan populations.
Alleviation of salt stress effects on physiology of leaves in two cultivars of pigmented rice by application of spermidine
Creators: name: Piyada Theerakulpisut
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Drought, Electrolyte leakage
Pigmented rice
Salt stress
Spermidine

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 23, 2, 1-13
The Majorana Demonstrator Radioassay Program
Creators: name: Abgrall, N.
name: Arnquist, I. J.
name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Back, H. O.
name: Barabash, A. S.
name: Bertrand, F. E.
name: Boswell, M.
name: Bradley, A. W.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Busch, M.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Byram, D.
name: Caldwell, A. S.
name: Chan, Y-D.
name: Christofferson, C. D.
name: Chu, P. -H.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Detwiler, J. A.
name: Dunmore, J. A.
name: Efremenko, Yu.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Finnerty, P.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Gehman, V. M.
name: Gilliss, T.
name: Giovanetti, G. K.
name: Goett, J.
name: Green, M. P.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: Guinn, I. S.
name: Guiseppe, V. E.
name: Henning, R.
name: Hoppe, E. W.
name: Howard, S.
name: Howe, M. A.
name: Jasinski, B. R.
name: Johnson, R. A.
name: Keeter, K. J.
name: Kidd, M. F.
name: Kochetoi, O.
name: Konovalov, S. I.
name: Kouzes, R. T.
name: LaFerriere, B. D.
name: Leon, J.
name: Loach, J. C.
name: MacMullin, J.
name: MacMullin, S.
name: Martin, R. D.
name: Massarczyk, R.
name: Meijer, S.
name: Mertens, S.
name: Miller, M. L.
name: Orrell, J. L.
name: OShaughnessy, C.
name: Overman, N. R.
name: Poon, A. W. P.
name: Pushkin, K.
name: Radford, D. C.
name: Rager, J.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Robertson, R. G. H.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Ronquest, M. C.
name: Schubert, A. G.
name: Shanks, B.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Snavely, K. J.
name: Snyder, N.
name: Steele, D.
name: Suriano, A. M.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Trimble, J. E.
name: Varner, R. L.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Vorren, K.
name: White, B. R.
name: Wilkerson, J. F.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Xu, W.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Yu, C. -H.
name: Yumatov, V.
name: Zhitnikov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MAJORANA collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTATOR at the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the Homestake gold mine, in Lead, SD. The apparatus will use Ge detectors, enriched in isotope \nuc{76}{Ge}, to demonstrate the feasibility of a large-scale Ge detector experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The long half-life of this postulated process requires that the apparatus be extremely low in radioactive isotopes whose decays may produce backgrounds to the search. The radioassay program conducted by the collaboration to ensure that the materials comprising the apparatus are sufficiently pure is described. The resulting measurements of the radioactive-isotope contamination for a number of materials studied for use in the detector are reported.
description: to be submitted to NIM
Assessment of the consumption of the exotic Asian Hornet Vespa velutina by the European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus in southwestern Europe
Creators: name: Rebollo, Salvador
name: Díaz-Aranda, Luisa M.
name: Martín-Ávila, Jorge A.
name: Hernández-García, María
name: López-Rodríguez, Marina
name: Monteagudo, Navila
name: Fernández-Pereira, José M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Asian Hornet Vespa velutina was the second most important species in the diet of the European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus in southwestern Europe, just four years after the appearance of the exotic wasp in the study area. To assess the consumption of the invasive Asian Hornet by the European Honey Buzzard in southwestern Europe, following the Asian Hornet’s appearance there in 2014. In northwestern Spain, we installed trail cameras in, and collected wasp comb remains from, nine nests of European Honey Buzzards (five in 2018 and four in 2019). We estimated the representation of the Asian Hornet in the birds’ diet, as well as the number of colonies attacked. We also compared the nesting frequency and density of breeding pairs before (2004–13) and after (2014–20) the Asian Hornet’s appearance. We detected consumption of the Asian Hornet at all the nests we examined. The Asian Hornet was the second most abundant wasp species in the diet and it was the most abundant in 2018 based on biomass. During the breeding season, each pair of European Honey Buzzards attacked 34–61 colonies in 2018 and 15–28 in 2019. Nesting frequency rose from 60% before the Hornet’s appearance to 100% afterward, while the density of breeding pairs increased by 300%. Our results suggest that the Asian Hornet is becoming an important part of the diet of the European Honey Buzzard. This finding opens a research avenue to assess the potential role of the raptor in the management of the invasive social wasp.
Mental health outcomes among Arab refugees, immigrants, and U.S. born Arab Americans in Southeast Michigan: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Alattar, Zaineb
name: Mendes de Leon, Carlos
name: Cordoba, Evette
name: Pampati, Sanjana
name: Tariq, Madiha
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Arab refugees and immigrants living in the United States may be exposed to political, economic, social, and environmental stressors that may affect their mental health. Yet, little is known regarding mental health outcomes among Arab Americans. The purpose of this study was to measure depression and anxiety levels among Arabs in Southeast Michigan and determine whether these levels differ by resident status: refugee, immigrant, or U.S. born.
                Methods
                We conducted a cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of 275 adults who self-identify as Arab living in Southeast Michigan. Participants were recruited from a non-profit health and social services organization between August–November 2015. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires, using standardized instruments to assess depression and anxiety symptoms.
                Results
                All three resident groups exhibited high mean levels of depression and anxiety. Refugees reported higher levels of depression and anxiety than either immigrants or U.S. born Arab Americans. After adjustment for sociodemographics, differences between U.S. born Arab Americans and refugees were statistically significant for depression (b = 2.84; 95% CI: 0.21, 5.47), but not for anxiety. Refugees had significantly higher depression scores (b = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.52, 4.84) and anxiety scores (b = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.11, 2.50) than immigrants. Those reporting political violence and religious persecution as reasons for immigration had the highest levels of depression and anxiety.
                Conclusions
                This convenience sample of Arab Americans reported high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Refugees appear to have poorer mental health outcomes than either immigrants or U.S.-born Arab Americans.
Age demographics of a non-breeding Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola population in relation to environmental factors
Creators: name: Prieto, Nerea
name: Rodríguez-Pérez, Javier
name: Telletxea, Ibon
name: Ibañez, Ruben
name: Ansorregi, Fermin
name: Galdos, Aitor
name: Urruzola, Aitzol
name: Iriarte, Ixtoan
name: Arizaga, Juan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Environmental conditions in non-breeding areas cause differential winter distribution patterns between age classes in a Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola population wintering in northern Iberia. To determine the factors driving spatial distribution of first-winter and adult birds in the non-breeding period of a population of the Eurasian Woodcock, in order to make decisions for the management of the species. Using a data set of 10 consecutive winters (2009/10–2018/19), we tested for the effect of year, geographical and habitat-related variables on age ratio and body condition of Eurasian Woodcocks wintering in two nearby zones with different hunting regimes in northern Iberia. Our results suggest that the age ratio depended mainly on year, month, and altitude. As winters progressed, we observed a higher proportion of first-winter birds occurring at sites with lower altitude. First-winter birds were in poorer body condition than adults, and body condition was higher in mid-winter and spring. The effect of hunting on body condition was unclear. Variation in the population structure and body condition between age classes are discussed in the context of age-dependent wintering strategies, which to a large extent depend on survival thresholds that take into account foraging efficiency and the risk of predation. The lack of detectable effects of hunting on age structure and body condition precludes us from giving any management recommendations for northern Iberia.
Pharmacological management of core symptoms and comorbidities of autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Maniram, Jennal
name: Wiafe, Ebenezer
name: Oosthuizen, Frasia
name: Karrim, Saira
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Pharmacotherapy of Autism in children and adolescents

description: A systematic review on pharmacological treatment options for autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents. The review includes therapeutic options for the core symptoms as well as the comorbidities. The review describes and reviews randomized control trials conducted over the past decade, all which display effectiveness for the core symptoms and/or comorbidities of autism.
A Mathematical Theory for Clustering in Metric Spaces
Creators: name: Chang, Cheng-Shang
name: Liao, Wanjiun
name: Chen, Yu-Sheng
name: Liou, Li-Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering is one of the most fundamental problems in data analysis and it has been studied extensively in the literature. Though many clustering algorithms have been proposed, clustering theories that justify the use of these clustering algorithms are still unsatisfactory. In particular, one of the fundamental challenges is to address the following question: What is a cluster in a set of data points? In this paper, we make an attempt to address such a question by considering a set of data points associated with a distance measure (metric). We first propose a new cohesion measure in terms of the distance measure. Using the cohesion measure, we define a cluster as a set of points that are cohesive to themselves. For such a definition, we show there are various equivalent statements that have intuitive explanations. We then consider the second question: How do we find clusters and good partitions of clusters under such a definition? For such a question, we propose a hierarchical agglomerative algorithm and a partitional algorithm. Unlike standard hierarchical agglomerative algorithms, our hierarchical agglomerative algorithm has a specific stopping criterion and it stops with a partition of clusters. Our partitional algorithm, called the K-sets algorithm in the paper, appears to be a new iterative algorithm. Unlike the Lloyd iteration that needs two-step minimization, our K-sets algorithm only takes one-step minimization. One of the most interesting findings of our paper is the duality result between a distance measure and a cohesion measure. Such a duality result leads to a dual K-sets algorithm for clustering a set of data points with a cohesion measure. The dual K-sets algorithm converges in the same way as a sequential version of the classical kernel K-means algorithm. The key difference is that a cohesion measure does not need to be positive semi-definite.
Morphometric versus genetic variation in the Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus in Italy
Creators: name: Ientile, Renzo
name: Tagliavia, Marcello
name: Cuti, Natalino
name: Termine, Rosa
name: Giannella, Carlo
name: Nissardi, Sergio
name: Zucca, Carla
name: Cavaliere, Vincenzo
name: Verde, Gabriella Lo
name: Campobello, Daniela
name: Massa, Bruno
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: The Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus from breeding sites in Italy has little genetic variability in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene but shows morphological variation suggesting isolation of some populations. To investigate the morphometric and genetic trait variation of Eurasian Reed Warbler populations at a large temporal and spatial scale. We analysed morphometric traits and the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of samples collected over 25 years, from populations at seven sites across the Italian peninsula and islands. While we found no genetic differences, we detected significantly smaller body sizes in individuals breeding in Sicily and Sardinia compared to those from mainland Italy. There were also significant body size differences between two Sicilian populations: one larger breeding on the southern coast and the other smaller at an inner highland site. The morphometric data, together with the site fidelity of individuals, are consistent with there being isolation of some populations. Specifically, our results are consistent with an example of polyphenism, morphological plasticity, in the populations of the main Italian islands, Sicily and Sardinia.
Electrical phase diagram of bulk BiFeO$_3$
Creators: name: Stengel, Massimiliano
name: Íñiguez, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrical behavior of multiferroic BiFeO$_3$ by means of first-principles calculations. We do so by constraining a specific component of the electric displacement field along a variety of structural paths, and by monitoring the evolution of the relevant physical properties of the crystal along the way. We find a complex interplay of ferroelectric, antiferroelectric and antiferrodistortive degrees of freedom that leads to an unusually rich electrical phase diagram, which strongly departs from the paradigmatic double-well model of simpler ferroelectric materials. In particular, we show that many of the structural phases that were recently reported in the literature, e.g. those characterized by a giant aspect ratio, can be accessed via application of an external electric field starting from the $R3c$ ground state. Our results also reveal ways in which non-polar distortions (e.g., the antiferrodistortive ones associated with rotations of the oxygen octahedra in the perovskite lattice) can be controlled by means of applied electric fields, as well as the basic features characterizing the switching between the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases of BiFeO$_{3}$. We discuss the multi-mode couplings behind this wealth of effects, while highlighting the implications of our work as regards both theoretical and experimental literature on BiFeO$_{3}$.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Community Pharmacists in the Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Perceptions of Patients.
Creators: name: Motlohi, Nthabiseng
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The role of community pharmacists has increasingly grown from being medicine dispensers to becoming crucial role players in clinical care. Community pharmacists have great potential as a channel for rendering public health services at a community level. The systematic review will summarize evidence from the existing literature on the contributions of community pharmacists in the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases globally and the patients perceptions
Enhanced storage stability of freeze dried rice bran hydrolysates by maltodextrin
Creators: name: Supawan Thawornchinsombut
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Rice bran hydrolysates
Maltodextrin
Antioxidant activity
Storage stability
ATR-FTIR spectroscopy

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 23, 2, 1-11
Impact of health warning labels and calorie information on selection and purchasing of alcohol: online experimental study
Creators: name: Clarke, Natasha
name: Blackwell, Anna
name: Ferrar, Jennifer
name: De-loyde, Katie
name: Pilling, Mark
name: Munafo, Marcus
name: Marteau, Theresa
name: Hollands, Gareth
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is a pre-registration of the detailed statistical analysis plan, before any analyses are conducted.
Temperature-driven transient charge and heat currents in nanoscale conductors
Creators: name: Eich, F. G.
name: Di Ventra, M.
name: Vignale, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the short-time behavior of the heat and charge currents through nanoscale conductors exposed to a temperature gradient. To this end, we employ Luttinger's thermomechanical potential to simulate a sudden change of temperature at one end of the conductor. We find that the direction of the charge current through an impurity is initially opposite to the direction of the charge current in the steady-state limit. Furthermore, we investigate the transient propagation of energy and particle density driven by a temperature variation through a conducting nanowire. Interestingly, we find that the velocity of the wavefronts of, both, the particle and the energy wave have the same constant value, insensitive to changes in the average electronic density. In the steady-state regime, we find that, at low temperatures, the local temperature and potential, as measured by a floating probe lead, exhibit characteristic oscillations due to quantum interference, with a periodicity that corresponds to half the Fermi wavelength of the electrons.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Intratumoral heterogeneity as a source of discordance in breast cancer biomarker classification
Creators: name: Sun, Xuezheng
name: Troester, Melissa
name: Cohen, Stephanie M
name: Olshan, Andrew
name: Allott, Emma H
name: Chen, Mengjie
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background Spatial heterogeneity in biomarker expression may impact breast cancer classification. The aims of this study were to estimate the frequency of spatial heterogeneity in biomarker expression within tumors, to identify technical and biological factors contributing to spatial heterogeneity, and to examine the impact of discordant biomarker status within tumors on clinical record agreement. Methods Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed using two to four cores (1.0 mm) for each of 1085 invasive breast cancers from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, which is part of the AMBER Consortium. Immunohistochemical staining for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was quantified using automated digital imaging analysis. The biomarker status for each core and for each case was assigned using clinical thresholds. Cases with core-to-core biomarker discordance were manually reviewed to distinguish intratumoral biomarker heterogeneity from misclassification of biomarker status by the automated algorithm. The impact of core-to-core biomarker discordance on case-level agreement between TMAs and the clinical record was evaluated. Results On the basis of automated analysis, discordant biomarker status between TMA cores occurred in 9 %, 16 %, and 18 % of cases for ER, PR, and HER2, respectively. Misclassification of benign epithelium and/or ductal carcinoma in situ as invasive carcinoma by the automated algorithm was implicated in discordance among cores. However, manual review of discordant cases confirmed spatial heterogeneity as a source of discordant biomarker status between cores in 2 %, 7 %, and 8 % of cases for ER, PR, and HER2, respectively. Overall, agreement between TMA and clinical record was high for ER (94 %), PR (89 %), and HER2 (88 %), but it was reduced in cases with core-to-core discordance (agreement 70 % for ER, 61 % for PR, and 57 % for HER2). Conclusions Intratumoral biomarker heterogeneity may impact breast cancer classification accuracy, with implications for clinical management. Both manually confirmed biomarker heterogeneity and misclassification of biomarker status by automated image analysis contribute to discordant biomarker status between TMA cores. Given that manually confirmed heterogeneity is uncommon (<10 % of cases), large studies are needed to study the impact of heterogeneous biomarker expression on breast cancer classification and outcomes.