cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"Our Energetic Days": American Literature in the Age of Classical Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Jenkins, Christopher
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: American Literature
Nineteenth Century
Thermodynamics
Energy

description: Abstract This thesis is about the relationship between a body of nineteenth-century American literature and the science of thermodynamics that was emerging between the 1820s and 1870s, changing the way people thought about the physical universe and the possibilities and limitations that it presented for human action. Its basic premise is that thermodynamic energy, as it emerged in the nineteenth century as a quantifiable phenomenon, was not a self-revealing natural fact, but the “hybrid” product of a “cultural field” that included literature among other of its essential points of mediation. Through readings of works by Herman Melville, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Rebecca Harding Davis, Mark Twain, Robert Montgomery Bird and Thomas Josiah Dimsdale, it argues that literature throughout this period was very much occupied with questions and concerns that were reflected in the scientific and technological investigations that led to the creation of the laws of energy. Specifically, it argues that energy’s conservative and/or dissipative tendencies, which, besides representing objective descriptions of energetic behaviour, also reflected real possibilities and limitations for human action, were a major concern of writers at this time. Their work, it is argued, reveals humanly and historically meaningful aspects of what, in the laws of thermodynamics, would become ahistorical scientific facts, proving that literature and science, belonging to a greater “cultural field,” follow parallel lines of investigation indicative of larger cultural problematics.
WIVER: Der Untersuchungsansatz
Creators: name: Holz-Rau, Christian
name: Zimmermann, Karsten
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mobilitäswende
subject: Verkehrswende
subject: Verkehrspolitik
subject: Verkehrsplanung
subject: Städtevergleich
subject: 710

description: Das Projekt WIVER untersucht die Erfolge und Misserfolge der Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrspolitik anhand von neun Untersuchungsstädten und einer Gemeinde in Deutschland sowie von vier Städten aus dem europäischen Ausland. Der Beitrag formuliert die Untersuchungsfragen und gibt einen Überblick über den Untersuchungsansatz.
description: WIVER Arbeitspapiere;1
Transverse Coronal-Loop Oscillations Induced by the Non-radial Eruption of a Magnetic Flux Rope
Creators: name: Zhang, Q. M.
name: Chen, J. L.
name: Li, S. T.
name: Lu, L.
name: Li, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transverse coronal-loop oscillations induced by the eruption of a prominence-carrying flux rope on 7 December 2012. The flux rope originating from NOAA Active Region (AR) 11621 was observed in EUV wavelengths by the SDO/AIA and in H$α$ line center by the ground-based telescope at the BBSO. The early evolution of the flux rope is divided into two steps: a slow rise phase at a speed of $\approx$230\,km\,s$^{-1}$ and a fast rise phase at a speed of $\approx$706\,km\,s$^{-1}$. The eruption generates a C5.8 flare and the onset of the fast rise is consistent with the HXR peak time of the flare. The embedded prominence has a lower speed of $\approx$452\,km\,s$^{-1}$. During the early eruption of the flux rope, the nearby coronal loops are disturbed and experience independent kink-mode oscillations in the horizontal and vertical directions. The oscillation in the horizontal direction has an initial amplitude of $\approx$3.1\,Mm, a period of $\approx$294\,seconds, and a damping time of $\approx$645\,seconds. It is most striking in 171\,Å and lasts for three to four cycles. The oscillations in the vertical directions are observed mainly in 171, 193, and 211\,Å. The initial amplitudes lie in the range of 3.4\,--\,5.2\,Mm, with an average value of 4.5\,Mm. The periods are between 407\,seconds and 441\,seconds, with an average value of 423\,seconds. The oscillations are damping and last for nearly four cycles. The damping times lie in the range of 570\,--\,1012\,seconds, with an average value of 741\,seconds. Assuming a semi-circular shape of the vertically oscillating loops, we calculate the loop lengths according to their heights. Using the observed periods, we carry out coronal seismology and estimate the internal Alfvén speeds (988\,--\,1145\,km\,s$^{-1}$) and the magnetic-field strengths (12\,--\,43\,G) of the oscillating loops.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
La création de bureaux d’enquête sur la police dans deux provinces canadiennes : une comparaison Québec — Colombie-Britannique
Creators: name: Bernier, André
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Politiques publiques
Police
Approche comparative
Contrôle externe de la police
Sociologie de l'action publique
Groupes d'intérêts
Canada

description: Cette thèse de doctorat analyse deux processus de réforme des politiques publiques touchant l’imputabilité et le contrôle de la police au Canada. Dans une perspective comparative, elle vise à expliquer la création d’agences civiles d’enquête sur les incidents graves impliquant des policiers au Québec (Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes) et en Colombie-Britannique (Independent Investigations Office). Le cadre théorique de cette recherche qualitative provient de la sociologie de l’action publique, mais mise également sur des apports de la théorie des équilibres ponctués. Les données proviennent de l’analyse du contenu d’un vaste corpus de sources documentaires et de 32 entretiens semi-directifs réalisés sur le terrain avec des participants et des observateurs. Le modèle analytique original élaboré dans la thèse appréhende les réformes suivant deux perspectives. La lecture macro-contextuelle (chapitres cinq à huit) montre d’abord que les politiques concernées se sont révélées historiquement très résistantes avant d’être modifiées radicalement sur une courte période de temps. Cette stabilité est corrélée avec la présence d’une image de politique publique bien définie, favorable au statu quo. Cependant, des facteurs contextuels de court et de long terme ont contribué à délégitimer l’image. Ainsi, des enquêtes publiques ont proposé un cadre cognitif nouveau et des évènements focalisant ont ouvert la porte à un changement de dynamique dans le secteur de politique publique. La perspective micro-situationnelle (chapitres neuf à onze) permet d’étoffer ces constats en offrant une lecture sociologique fine de chaque cas. Elle montre que trois types d’acteurs y sont organisés en deux réseaux de politique publique (réformiste et conservateur). Cette perspective permet d’identifier les stratégies utilisées par le camp réformiste pour contester la position centrale occupée par les groupes policiers. En particulier, l’enquête publique constitue un point d’accès alternatif au processus de production des politiques publiques pour ceux qui cherchent à infléchir un rapport de force jugé défavorable. Enfin, l’analyse du travail de problématisation met en lumière la façon dont les incidents médiatisés et les rapports d’enquêtes publiques servent à attester de la « réalité » d’une conception du problème. Au final, la thèse permet de mieux comprendre l’articulation de la trilogie « scandale – enquête publique – réforme », bien connue des observateurs des réformes policières.
Feedback by massive stars and the emergence of superbubbles II. X-ray properties
Creators: name: Krause, Martin
name: Diehl, Roland
name: Böhringer, Hans
name: Freyberg, Michael
name: Lubos, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we investigated the energy transfer of massive stars to the interstellar medium as a function of time and the geometrical configuration of three massive stars via 3D-mesh-refining hydrodynamics simulations, following the complete evolution of the massive stars and their supernovae except non-thermal processes . We analysed our ISM simulation results with the help of spectra for plasma temperatures between 0.1 and 10 keV and computed the spectral evolution and the spatio-temporal distribution of the hot gas. Results. Despite significant input of high temperature gas from supernovae and fast stellar winds, the resulting thermal X-ray spectra are generally very soft, with most of the emission well below 1 keV. We show that this is due to mixing triggered by resolved hydrodynamic instabilities. Supernovae enhance the X-ray luminosity of a superbubble by 1-2 orders of magnitude for a time span of about 0.1 Myr; longer if a supernova occurs in a larger superbubble and shorter in higher energy bands. Peak superbubble luminosities of the order of 10^{36} erg/s are reproduced well. The strong decay of the X-ray luminosity is due to bubble expansion, hydrodynamic instabilities related to the acceleration of the superbubble's shell thanks to the sudden energy input, and subsequent mixing. We also find global oscillations of our simulated superbubbles, which produce spatial variations of the X-ray spectrum, similar to what we see in the Orion-Eridanus cavity. We calculated the fraction of energy emitted in X-rays and find that with a value of a few times 10^{-4}, it is about a factor of ten below the measurements for nearby galaxies.
description: 13 pages 12 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
The refinement of isotopic data layers for three catchment-scale studies in the Southland, Horizons, and Gisborne regions: activities between May 2017 and May 2018
Creators: name: van der Raaij, Rob W.
name: Moreau, Magali
name: Westerhoff, Rogier S.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2018

description: The National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research established, and is leading, the 'National Hydrological Project (NHP), with GNS Science (GNS) and Landcare Research as sub-contracted partners. This report details the GNS activities in the NHP task "design and conceptualisation of catchment-wide isotopic data layers, including data-acquisition of isotope field samples, in selected case studies" and aims to refine isotopic data layers, for stable isotopes and tritium, to make them applicable for studies that estimate groundwater - surface water interaction at the catchment-scale. We describe the main activities carried out between May 2017 and May 2018: (1) the sampling design in three selected case study areas (Southland, Horizons and Gisborne regions) and associated collected water samples for NHP are described (with the first analyses results expected in the course of the next financial year 2018-19); (2) outline of the theory and rationale behind the sampling design; and (3) a review of existing tritium and stable isotope measurements, obtained outside the NHP, from both national and regional case study scale sampling programmes. The theory and review strengthen the rationale of the sampling design, and combined they lead to recommendations for further work, the most important of which is to align other streams of existing research to overcome the huge data sparsity resulting from using only data collected though the NHP, and to make the important step towards the national scale. (auth)
Cosmic ray production in superbubbles
Creators: name: Vieu, Thibault
name: Gabici, Stefano
name: Tatischeff, Vincent
name: Ravikularaman, Sruthiranjani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the production of cosmic rays in the dynamical superbubble produced by a cluster of massive stars. Stellar winds, supernova remnants and turbulence are found to accelerate particles so efficiently that the nonlinear feedback of the particles must be taken into account in order to ensure that the energy balance is not violated. High energy particles do not scatter efficiently on the turbulence and escape quickly after each supernova explosion, which makes both their intensity inside the bubble and injection in the interstellar medium intermittent. On the other hand, the stochastic acceleration of low energy particles hardens the spectra at GeV energies. Because cosmic rays damp the turbulence cascade, this hardening is less pronounced when nonlinearities are taken into account. Nevertheless, spectra with hard components extending up to 1 to 10 GeV and normalised to an energy density of 1 to 100 eV cm$^{-3}$ are found to be typical signatures of cosmic rays produced in superbubbles. Efficient shock reacceleration within compact clusters is further shown to produce hard, slightly concave spectra, while the presence of a magnetised shell is shown to enhance the confinement of cosmic rays in the bubble and therefore the collective plasma effects acting on them. We eventually estimate the overall contribution of superbubbles to the galactic cosmic ray content and show typical gamma-ray spectra expected from hadronic interactions in superbuble shells. In both cases, a qualitative agreement with observations is obtained.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
Microorganisms for a circular bioeconomy to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and reduce pollution
Creators: name: Antranikian, Garabed
name: Streit, Wolfgang R.
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Microorganisms, a circular bioeconomy, remove CO2, reduce pollution, dramatic transformation in science, dramatic transformation in society

description: Microorganisms for a circular bioeconomy to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and reduce pollution: The greatest global and human-induced challenges of our time are climate change caused by fossil fuels, global pollution, and rapidly evolving infections in plants, humans, and animals. To address the necessary global changes, a dramatic transformation in science and society must take place. This change will require very intensive and forward-looking industrial and basic research, strongly focused on the development of (bio)technologies and industrial bioprocesses towards a low carbon sustainable bioeconomy. In this transition, efficient microorganisms will play a significant and global role as technology drivers. They harbor in their genomes the keys and blueprints for sustainable biotechnology. In this article, we outline urgent and important areas of microbial research and technological development that will ultimately contribute significantly to the transition from a linear to a circular bioeconomy.
Assessment of HIV/AIDS and related risk behavior of commercial sex workers in licensed non-brothels establishments of Awassa town, Southern Nation Nationality People's Regional State
Creators: name: Asamnew Abayneh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005

description: Background : The global AIDS epidemic is one of the greatest challenges facing our generation. It is unique in human history in its rapid spread, its extent and the death of its impact. The available information on HIV prevalence shows the rapid spreading trend of infection among the general population of Ethiopia in general, and among sex workers in particular. Survey conducted in several cites over the past four years have documented high rates of HIV infection among CSWs. Infection levels are above 65.70% in CSWs in Baherdar and Nazareth. Objective : To assesses HIV/AIDS and related risk behavior of commercial sex workers in Awassa town, Southern Nation Nationality People’s Regional State
Host Dark Matter Halos of SDSS Red and Blue Quasars: No Significant Difference in Large-scale Environment
Creators: name: Petter, Grayson C.
name: Hickox, Ryan C.
name: Alexander, David M.
name: Geach, James E.
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Rosario, David J.
name: Fawcett, Victoria A.
name: Klindt, Lizelke
name: Whalen, Kelly E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed optical colors of quasars are generally interpreted in one of two frameworks: unified models which attribute color to random orientation of the accretion disk along the line-of-sight, and evolutionary models which invoke connections between quasar systems and their environments. We test these schema by probing the dark matter halo environments of optically-selected quasars as a function of $g-i$ optical color by measuring the two-point correlation functions of $\sim$ 0.34 million eBOSS quasars as well as the gravitational deflection of cosmic microwave background photons around $\sim$ 0.66 million XDQSO photometric quasar candidates. We do not detect a trend of halo bias with optical color through either analysis, finding that optically-selected quasars at $0.8 < z < 2.2$ occupy halos of characteristic mass $M_{h}\sim 3\times 10^{12} \ h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ regardless of their color. This result implies that a quasar's large-scale halo environment is not strongly connected to its observed optical color. We also confirm findings of fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars by stacking 1.4 GHz FIRST images at their positions, suggesting the observed differences cannot be attributed to orientation. Instead, the differences between red and blue quasars likely arise on nuclear-galactic scales, perhaps owing to reddening by a nuclear dusty wind. Finally, we show that optically-selected quasars' halo environments are also independent of their $r-W2$ optical-infrared colors, while previous work has suggested that mid-infrared-selected obscured quasars occupy more massive halos. We discuss implications of this result for models of quasar and galaxy co-evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
A Mobile Management System for Reforming Subsidies Distribution in Developing Countries
Creators: name: El-Shishtawy, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper has a specific objective of being useful for showing how the advances in mobile technologies can help for solving social and political aspects involved in the reform of subsidies in developing countries. It describes the work done to build a mobile-based supportive network that integrates all subsidies partners: governmental, non-governmental organizations, merchants, and beneficiaries. One main contribution of this work is the setting of a framework for identifying the requirements of subsidies distribution information systems. In the proposed approach, seven domains were identified to build a Mobile Subsidizing Business Model (MSBM). Based on MSBM, detailed requirements were gathered in three stages, with each having its appropriate methodology. In this work, we focus on the layered architecture implementation of the subsidizing mobile system to breakdown the complexities, which are due to variations of mobile technologies, different business rules, and multiple distribution scenarios.
On the Existence of Fast Modes in Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Gan, Zhaoming
name: Li, Hui
name: Fu, Xiangrong
name: Du, Senbei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence and property of Fast magnetosonic modes in 3D compressible MHD turbulence by carrying out a number of simulations with compressible and incompressible driving conditions. We use two approaches to determine the presence of Fast modes: mode decomposition based on spatial variations only and spatio-temporal 4D-FFT analysis of all fluctuations. The latter method enables us to quantify fluctuations that satisfy the dispersion relation of Fast modes with finite frequency. Overall, we find that the fraction of Fast modes identified via spatio-temporal 4D FFT approach in total fluctuation power is either tiny with nearly incompressible driving or ~2% with highly compressible driving. We discuss the implications of our results for understanding the compressible fluctuations in space and astrophysics plasmas.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; accepted by the Astrophysical Journal for publication
Development of a Clinical Pathway for Patients with Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears
Creators: name: Eubank, Breda Hsiao Fon
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Health
subject: Health Care Management

description: Clinical care pathways can be described as evidence-based best practice care that set out all of the decisions and services involved in treating a condition, are widely accepted, and are highly utilized. Clinical care pathways reduce unnecessary variations in patient care, improve quality of care, and reduce healthcare costs. Quality improvements in healthcare, however, cannot be achieved through the development of a clinical care pathway alone. In conjunction with the development of a clinical care pathway (i.e., the ideal pathway), the current pathway must be evaluated and compared to the ideal clinical care pathway in order to influence policy changes, identify and eliminate potential gaps in care, and to ensure equitable, seamless, and sustainable access to high-quality care for everyone. The purpose of this doctoral research, which comprises of a series of inter-related studies, was to execute the steps required to propose quality improvements in caring for patients presenting to the healthcare system with chronic rotator cuff tears. Specifically, the research questions examines what gaps in quality of care exist in the current system based on a comparison of the ideal and current standards of care for patients presenting to the healthcare system with chronic rotator cuff tears. Consequently, this thesis 1) reviewed the literature to provide context for chronic rotator cuff tears and to determine the need for a clinical care pathway; 2) proposed best practice care by establishing clinical consensus and patient flow algorithms for diagnosing and treating patients with rotator cuff pathology; 3) conducted further validity and reliability testing of two patient-reported outcome measures: the Rotator Cuff Quality-of-Life Index (RC-QOL) (Appendix A) and the Healthcare Access and Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (HAPSQ) (Appendix B); 4) evaluated the current quality of care for patients with chronic rotator cuff tears using the RC-QOL and the HAPSQ; 5) compared current and ideal standards of care to identify gaps in the current healthcare system; and 6) explored the business case for best practice clinical care for patients in Alberta. Findings from this research demonstrated a need for healthcare reform for patients receiving care in the current system.
Evolving useful delusions: Subjectively rational selfishness leads to objectively irrational cooperation
Creators: name: Kaznatcheev, Artem
name: Montrey, Marcel
name: Shultz, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a framework within evolutionary game theory for studying the distinction between objective and subjective rationality and apply it to the evolution of cooperation on 3-regular random graphs. In our simulations, agents evolve misrepresentations of objective reality that help them cooperate and maintain higher social welfare in the Prisoner's dilemma. These agents act rationally on their subjective representations of the world, but irrationally from the perspective of an external observer. We model misrepresentations as subjective perceptions of payoffs and quasi-magical thinking as an inferential bias, finding that the former is more conducive to cooperation. This highlights the importance of internal representations, not just observed behavior, in evolutionary thought. Our results provide support for the interface theory of perception and suggest that the individual's interface can serve not only the individual's aims, but also society as a whole, offering insight into social phenomena such as religion.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear at CogSci2014
Universal patterns in multifrequency-driven dissipative systems
Creators: name: Olivera-Atencio, M. L.
name: Lamata, L.
name: Kohler, S.
name: Casado-Pascual, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of dissipative systems to multi-chromatic fields exhibits generic properties which follow from the discrete time-translation symmetry of each driving component. We derive these properties and illustrate them with paradigmatic examples of classical and quantum dissipative systems. In addition, some computational aspects, in particular a matrix continued-fraction method, are discussed. Moreover, we propose possible implementations with quantum optical settings.
description: Invited EPL perspective, 6 pages, 2 figures
An Active-Loaded Phase-Conjugating Rotman Lens for Intelligent Transportation System Backscattering Applications
Creators: name: Keshavarzian, Pouyan
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: rotman lens, retro-directivity, phase-conjugation, ITS
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Education--Technology
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Retro-directive backscattering is useful for improving link-budget in communication systems, localization and radar cross-section enhancement. Many existing technologies have limitations in terms of overall gain and scalability to higher frequencies. This thesis presents a new active retro-directive array architecture for Intelligent Transportation System applications such as automotive radar. The topology involves designing a phase-conjugating Rotman lens with reflection amplifiers for increased gain. Components of this architecture can be scaled to mm-wave. A reflection amplifier is prototyped and tested to have a maximum gain of 17.1 dB at 5.3 GHz. The circuit is then augmented onto a phase-conjugating Rotman lens. The amplifiers are tuned to ~ 6.5 dB gain at 5.15 GHz and the overall phase-conjugating performance is assessed. The active eleven element lens has a calculated backscattering gain of 19.2-25.4 dB across the scanning range of ±32 ˚ . Keywords: rotman lens, retro-directivity, phase-conjugation, ITS
Novel mature fine tailings treatment using colloidal silica particles
Creators: name: Shamim, Shahrukh
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Colloidal silica, Tailings, Mature fine tailings, Flocculation
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: The oil sands tailings industry currently employs a vast array of technologies ranging from flocculation/coagulation to traditional mechanical techniques such as filtration or centrifugation. The performance of the treatment options, alone or in combination, have proven to be challenging for practical implementation with reliable results in terms of sediment compactness levels, water release, and strength development due to unpredictable tailings composition, solids content, and clay activity levels. As a new and promising treatment route, the application of silica particles for tailings clay densification has not been studied in depth and governing treatment mechanisms are unknown. The study presented here focused on understanding the effects of addition of monodisperse bare colloidal silica particles on the structural and rheological properties of highly stable mature fine tailings (MFT) with the end goal of colloidal suspension destabilization and subsequent water release. A simple mixing regime involving addition of CSPs and NaOH to the MFT at different stages was developed. Controlled experiments showed synergistic effect of CSPs and NaOH in the destabilization and flocculation of MFT over the course of a day whereas the addition of CSPs or NaOH alone did not cause the same effect. Final pH of the suspension was fixed at 10 which triggered the dissolution of ionic species from the CSPs and clay particles thereby causing polycondensation reaction and produced strong aggregates. The characterization by confocal microscopy and SEM as well as rheometry confirmed the presence of three different layers having varying compaction levels and strength with the bottom layer being the strongest and readily reclaimable. Higher dosage of CSPs in the MFT resulted in the formation of a bi-layered structure in the sediment sludge. The specific way in which the destabilization was induced and its governing mechanisms resulted in the liberation of residual bitumen from the MFT which can potentially minimize the GHG emissions from the tailings ponds. The results reported in this thesis give significant new insights into the mechanism and efficiency of MFT flocculation using CSPs that applied alone or in combination with other techniques could lead to better tailings management.
Reliability and Adequacy of Farm-Price Data
Creators: name: Sarle, Charles F.
name: Sarle, Charles F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: An adequate knowledge of relative changes in farm-price data, especially as they compare with the trends of other prices, wages, land values, etc., is fundamental as a basis for an intelligent constructive program for agriculture, whether of Federal or State agencies or of organizations of farmers. Prices and price changes are both causes and effects in the field of economic phenomena. In the long run the prices of farm products tend to control the supply. Changes in farm organization and types of farming can frequently be traced to absolute and relative changes in farm prices. For many problems of this kind it is desirable to have a price series which represents price changes in the local farm market and at the same time is a composite for a definite geographical unit, such as a State, as well as a composite for the entire crop, including all grades and classes. This bulletin is designed to meet the needs of those students and research workers in the field of agricultural economics who may have occasion to work with the farm-price data which are collected and published by the Department of Agriculture. It is intended primarily for those students who are familiar with technical, statistical terms. The data published by the United States Department of Agriculture are too often taken for granted by the research worker, largely because the reliability and adequacy of the data have never been fully analyzed. Many students would like to know what is back of farm-price data—how and when collected, and their most obvious limitations before trying to use them in some important economic problem.
Detection of Near-Infrared Water Ice at the Surface of the (pre)Transitional Disk of AB Aur: Informing Icy Grain Abundance, Composition, and Size
Creators: name: Betti, S. K.
name: Follette, K.
name: Jorquera, S.
name: Duchêne, G.
name: Mazoyer, J.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Chauvin, G.
name: Pérez, L. M.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Weinberger, A. J.
name: Grady, C.
name: Close, L. M.
name: Defrère, D.
name: Downey, E. C.
name: Hinz, P. M.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Schneider, G.
name: Skemer, A. J.
name: Vaz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer LMIRCam imagery of the disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star AB Aurigae. A comparison of surface brightness at Ks (2.16 $μ$m), H2O narrowband (3.08 $μ$m), and L' (3.7 $μ$m) allows us to probe the presence of icy grains in this (pre)transitional disk environment. By applying Reference Differential Imaging PSF subtraction, we detect the disk at high signal to noise in all three bands. We find strong morphological differences between bands, including asymmetries consistent with observed spiral arms within 100 AU in L'. An apparent deficit of scattered light at 3.08 $μ$m relative to bracketing wavelengths (Ks and L') is evocative of ice absorption at the disk surface layer. However, the $Δ$(Ks-H2O) color is consistent with grains with little to no ice (0-5% by mass). The $Δ$(H2O-L') color, conversely, suggests grains with a much higher ice mass fraction (~0.68), and the two colors cannot be reconciled under a single grain population model. Additionally, we find the extremely red $Δ$(Ks-L') disk color cannot be reproduced under conventional scattered light modeling with any combination of grain parameters or reasonable local extinction values. We hypothesize that the scattering surfaces at the three wavelengths are not co-located, and optical depth effects result in each wavelength probing the grain population at different disk surface depths. The morphological similarity between Ks and H2O suggests their scattering surfaces are near one another, lending credence to the $Δ$(Ks-H2O) disk color constraint of < 5% ice mass fraction for the outermost scattering disk layer.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Sequestrierung und Speicherung von Kohlenstoff im Meer durch Sargassum-Aquakulturen
Creators: name: Fernández Méndez, Mar
name: Schnetzer, Julia
name: Smetacek, Victor
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sequestration of carbon, storage of carbon, Sargassum aquafarms, open ocean aquafarming, carbon dioxide removal, tropical Atlantic

description: Sequestration and storage of carbon in the sea through Sargassum aquafarms: Open ocean seaweed aquafarming has a high potential for large scale natural carbon dioxide removal. Pelagic Sargassum is of particular interest due to its fast reproduction by fragmentation and high carbon to nutrient ratio. Originally from the Sargasso Sea, nowadays it grows across the tropical Atlantic and causes problems to coastal ecosystems and tourism-based economies when it reaches the coast in large quantities. Companies valorising this biomass, face the problems of a highly variable supply. Therefore, aquafarming Sargassum could benefit this nascent industry and contribute to mitigate climate change. To expand the areas where Sargassum can grow and cultivate it in large quantities, the currently unproductive subtropical gyres will need to be irrigated by artificial upwelling. To sequester carbon in seaweed biomass for long time scales, the harvested biomass can be converted to durable, alternative plastics, or it can be processed and compacted into bales, stored on the abyssal plain providing safe and long-lasting carbon dioxide sequestration.
D4.1 – Report on qualified clustering input attributes
Creators: name: Naderian, Sobhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This report captures the results of an extensive literature review of studies that cluster citizens in terms of their energy/environmental behaviors. The report maps the factors that might be used in the literature to create clusters for decarbonization under the work of WP4. Outputs of the review are presented at two levels, according to whom the data clusters refer to, namely individual and collective. At an individual level, major variables for clustering energy behaviors were categorized as socio-economic and demographic, psychological, energy consumption/environmental patterns across different areas of life (housing, transport, etc.), and other contextual variables. At a collective level, major variables were categorized as socio-economic and demo- graphic, energy infrastructure variables, energy consumption profiles, environmental performance, and other contextual factors. Establishing clusters of citizens based on their individual attributes leads to their distinct grouping, which can provide insights regarding their energy behavior and lifestyle and can assist the development of policies targeting specific groups of citizens. However, when con- sidering spatially targeted policies, “aggregated level” data (e.g., at neighborhood or even at building level) might be more appropriate than household level data (Reyna et al., 2016). In the context of this study, clustering data for a single person or household fall under the individual level (although the house could be occupied by one or more persons), while clustering data collected at any scale bigger than household is considered collective. Finally, a potentially insightful way to cluster citizens and groups of citizens may be based on their needs/priorities (affordability, access to energy, sustainability, efficiency).
A Transparent Window into Early-Type Stellar Variability
Creators: name: Jermyn, Adam S.
name: Anders, Evan H.
name: Cantiello, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subsurface convection zones are ubiquitous in early-type stars. Driven by narrow opacity peaks, these thin convective regions transport little heat but play an important role in setting the magnetic properties and surface variability of stars. Here we demonstrate that these convection zones are \emph{not} present in as wide a range of stars as previously believed. In particular, there are regions which 1D stellar evolution models report to be convectively unstable but which fall below the critical Rayleigh number for onset of convection. For sub-solar metallicity this opens up a \emph{stability window} in which there are no subsurface convection zones. For LMC metallicity this surface stability region extends roughly between $8M_\odot$ and $16M_\odot$, increasing to $8M_\odot$ -- $35M_\odot$ for SMC metallicity. Such windows are then an excellent target for probing the relative influence of subsurface convection and other sources of photometric variability in massive stars.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted in ApJ
A combined VANDELS and LEGA-C study: the evolution of quiescent galaxy size, stellar mass and age from $\mathbf{\textit{z} = 0.6}$ to $\mathbf{\textit{z} = 1.3}$
Creators: name: Hamadouche, M. L.
name: Carnall, A. C.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: McLeod, D. J.
name: Cullen, F.
name: Begley, R.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Buitrago, F.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Gargiulo, A.
name: Moresco, M.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationships between stellar mass, size and age within the quiescent population, using two mass-complete spectroscopic samples with $\mathrm{log_{10}}(M_{\star}/\mathrm{M_{\odot}})>10.3$, taken from VANDELS at $1.0
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Modulation of porosity, melting and glass formation in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks
Creators: name: Xue, Wenlong
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Metal-organic framework
subject: Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks
subject: Melting
subject: Glass formation
subject: Porosity
subject: Gas separation
subject: 540
subject: Zeolith
subject: Gaspermeation

description: The phase transition of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) from a crystalline to a liquid and a glassy state represents a promising avenue for the development of a novel class of amorphous materials. In contrast to their crystalline counterparts, liquid and glassy MOFs exhibit excellent processability, a highly advantageous property for industrial applications where the formation of specific shapes, such as pellets or thin films, is often a prerequisite. Furthermore, unlike conventional glasses, the utilization of coordination chemistry allows for the implementation of rational design concepts, thereby facilitating the fine-tuning of the desired properties. In this thesis, Solvent-assisted linker exchange (SALE) as a versatile method for the preparation of melt-quenched MOF glasses from proto typical MOFs, such as ZIF-8. Two additional organic linkers are incorporated into the non-meltable ZIF-8, yielding high-entropy linker-exchanged ZIF-8 derivatives that undergo a phase transition from crystalline to liquid and glassy states upon thermal treatment. This strategy opens new pathways for creating meltable and glass-forming MOFs from the extensive pool of non-meltable MOFs documented in the literature. Moreover, Post-synthetic ball-milling (PSBM) is explored as a suitable alternative to melt-quenching in MOF glass formation. MOFs can be transformed into glasses in just 5 minutes by mechanical milling at room temperature. This PSBM method can also transform crystalline MOFs in the glassy state that do not melt due to low thermal stability. This approach broadens the spectrum of potential applications, paving the way for the development of multifunctional MOF glass composites and expanding their use into more diverse fields. Additionally, Single-component glass-ceramics (SCGC) explored from a Cd-based MOF exhibit unique structural and thermal properties. Upon reheating the Cd-based MOF glass, it undergoes partial recrystallization into a single component glass-ceramic state with potentially enhanced mechanical properties — a feature not observed in previous melt-quenched MOF glasses. Overall, this thesis offers new insights into the porosity of MOF glasses, their formation mechanism, the preparation of MOF glass-ceramics and a generic method for the mechanochemical preparation of MOF glasses.
Adinkra `Color' Confinement In Exemplary Off-Shell Constructions Of 4D, ${\cal N}$ = 2 Supersymmetry Representations
Creators: name: Gates,, S. James
name: Stiffler, Kory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.2
subject: 81T60

description: Evidence is presented in some examples that an adinkra quantum number, $χ_{\rm o}$ (arXiv:\ 0902.3830 [hep-th]), seems to play a role with regard to off-shell 4D, $\cal N$ = 2 SUSY similar to the role of color in QCD. The vanishing of this adinkra quantum number appears to be a condition required for when two off-shell 4D, $\cal N$ = 1 supermultiplets form an off-shell 4D, $\cal N$ = 2 supermultiplet. We also explicitly comment on a deformation of the Lie bracket and anti-commutator operators that has been extensively and implicitly used in our work on "Garden Algebras" adinkras, and codes.
description: 37 pages
Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Patients with Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in a Community Practice Setting
Creators: name: Waterhouse, David M
name: Nwokeji, Esmond D
name: Boyd, Marley
name: Penrod, John R
name: Espirito, Janet L
name: Robert, Nicholas J
name: Daumont, Melinda J
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Aim: To assess real-world treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients & methods: Retrospective database analysis. Results: In all, 469 patients received first-line systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) at community centers. Median follow-up from diagnosis was 11.6 months. Pemetrexed + platinum was the most common first-line SACT; similar proportions of patients received cisplatin or carboplatin with pemetrexed. Only a small proportion of patients received second- and third-line therapies. Median overall survival for first-line SACT was 12.0 months (95% CI: 10.7–14.2). Results were similar with pemetrexed + cisplatin and pemetrexed + carboplatin. Median overall survival with second-line SACT was 6.4 months (95% CI: 5.1–7.6). Conclusion: There is a need for more effective SACTs for advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. Real-world data on treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), largely a cancer of the lining surrounding the lungs, are limited. In this analysis based on patients treated in the USA, pemetrexed + cisplatin or pemetrexed + carboplatin was shown to be the most common treatment received by patients when first diagnosed with advanced MPM. Only a few patients received any subsequent treatments. Survival among patients receiving treatment was poor, with a median of approximately 12 months. Immunotherapy regimens are currently being investigated, with nivolumab + ipilimumab being the first immunotherapy regimen approved in October 2020 for the treatment of advanced MPM.
CO2-Reduzierung an der Küste: Was können Salz- und Seegraswiesen leisten?
Creators: name: Dolch, Tobias
name: Koop-Jakobsen, Ketil
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: CO2 reduction at the coast, salt marshes, seagrass contribution, ecological functions, efficient carbon storages, absorb of CO2

description: CO2 reduction at the coast: what can salt marshes and seagrass meadows contribute? Salt marshes and seagrass meadows are important habitats at many coasts of the world, fulfilling numerous ecologically important functions. They are also very efficient carbon storages, more than ten times more efficient than forests, for example. Salt marshes and seagrasses absorb CO2 and other forms of carbon and can store it underneath them in the sediment for many centuries. However, the potential to store carbon depends on many internal and external factors, so that the storage capacity varies greatly from region to region. Nevertheless, these habitats are overall very efficient carbon sinks that counteract climate change. However, only as long as they are intact. If salt marshes and seagrass meadows are degraded or destroyed, they can no longer keep the carbon deposit stored in the sediment and the greenhouse gases are released back into the atmosphere.
Tight lower bound for percolation threshold on a quasi-regular graph
Creators: name: Hamilton, Kathleen E.
name: Pryadko, Leonid P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct an exact expression for the site percolation threshold p_c on a quasi-regular tree, and a related exact lower bound for a quasi-regular graph. Both are given by the inverse spectral radius of the appropriate Hashimoto matrix used to count non-backtracking walks. The obtained bound always exceeds the inverse spectral radius of the original graph, and it is also generally tighter than the existing bound in terms of the maximum degree.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures