cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pulse family optimization for parametrized quantum gates using spectral clustering
Creators: name: de Keijzer, Robert
name: Snijders, Jurgen
name: Carvalho, André
name: Kokkelmans, Servaas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametrized gate circuits are used in plentiful applications in the current NISQ era of quantum computing. These parametrized gates are chiefly implemented using analytically found pulse protocols, often yielding suboptimal gate times, and consequently, fidelities. Alternatively, gate optimization algorithms are designed to construct high fidelity pulses for individual, fixed points in continuous parameter space. Gates for intermediate parameters can subsequently be found by some form of interpolation between previously constructed pulses. Nevertheless, it is not guaranteed (as with analytic protocols) that the pulses found by the optimization algorithms belong to the same \textit{family} of solutions and thus show resemblance. Interpolation between two pulses of differing solution families often leads to high infidelities, as the pulse strays away from the minimum in the parameter/fidelity landscape. In this work, we introduce a \textit{spectral clustering} method to sort high-fidelity, optimized pulses in families, and interpolating solely between pulses of the same family. Accordingly, interpolations will always approach maximal fidelity. Furthermore, as more than one pulse family is constructed, the parameter space can be partitioned according to which family prevails fidelity-wise. This work provides a meticulous demonstration of our constitutive continuous gate family construction by applying it to a universal gate set for Rydberg and Cat qubits under noise.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Modified Band Alignment Method to Obtain Hybrid Functional Accuracy from Standard DFT: Application to Defects in Highly Mismatched III-V:Bi Alloys
Creators: name: Polak, Maciej P.
name: Kudrawiec, Robert
name: Jacobs, Ryan
name: Szlufarska, Izabela
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides an accurate theoretical defect energy database for pure and Bi-containing III-V (III-V:Bi) materials and investigates efficient methods for high-throughput defect calculations based on corrections of results obtained with local and semi-local functionals. Point defects as well as nearest-neighbor and second-nearest-neighbor pair defects were investigated in charge states ranging from -5 to 5. Ga-V:Bi systems (GaP:Bi, GaAs:Bi, and GaSb:Bi) were thoroughly investigated with significantly slower, higher fidelity hybrid Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) and significantly faster, lower fidelity local density approximation (LDA) calculations. In both approaches spurious electrostatic interactions were corrected with the Freysoldt correction. The results were verified against available experimental results and used to assess the accuracy of a previous band alignment correction. Here, a modified band alignment method is proposed in order to better predict the HSE values from the LDA ones. The proposed method allows prediction of defect energies with values that approximate those from the HSE functional at the computational cost of LDA (about 20x faster for the systems studied here). Tests of selected point defects in In-V:Bi materials resulted in corrected LDA values having a mean absolute error (MAE)=0.175 eV for defect levels vs. HSE. The method was further verified on an external database of defects and impurities in CdX (X=S, Se, Te) systems, yielding a MAE=0.194 eV. These tests demonstrate the correction to be sufficient for qualitative and semi-quantitative predictions, and may suggest transferability to many semiconductor systems without significant loss in accuracy. Properties of the remaining In-V:Bi defects and all Al-V:Bi defects were predicted with the use of the modified band alignment method.
Supercurrent and multiple singlet-doublet phase transitions of a quantum dot Josephson junction inside an Aharonov-Bohm ring
Creators: name: Karrasch, C.
name: Meden, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum dot Josephson junction inside an Aharonov-Bohm environment. The geometry is modeled by an Anderson impurity coupled to two directly-linked BCS leads. We illustrate that the well-established picture of the low-energy physics being governed by an interplay of two distinct (singlet and doublet) phases is still valid for this interferometric setup. The phase boundary depends, however, non-monotonically on the coupling strength between the superconductors, causing the system to exhibit re-entrance behavior and multiple phase transitions. We compute the zero-temperature Josephson current and demonstrate that it can become negative in the singlet phase by virtue of the Coulomb interaction U. As a starting point, the limit of large superconducting energy gaps Δ=\infty is solved analytically. In order to tackle arbitrary Δ0, we employ a truncated functional renormalization group scheme which was previously demonstrated to give quantitatively reliable results for the quantum dot Josephson problem.
Mitigating Biological Epidemic on Heterogeneous Social Networks
Creators: name: Devendra, Jagtap Kalyani
name: Kandhway, Kundan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Covid-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need of efficient epidemic outbreak management. We study the optimal control problem of minimizing the fraction of infected population by applying vaccination and treatment control strategies, while at the same time minimizing the cost of implementing them. We model the epidemic using the degree based Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) compartmental model. We study the impact of varying network topologies on the optimal epidemic management strategies and present results for the Erdos-Renyi, scale free, and real world networks. For efficient computational modeling we form groups of groups of degree classes, and apply separate vaccination and treatment control signals to each group. This allows us to identify the degree classes that play a significant role in mitigating the epidemic for a given network topology. We compare the optimal control strategy with non optimal strategies (constant control and no control) and study the effect of various model parameters on the system. We identify which strategy (vaccination/treatment) plays a significant role in controlling the epidemic on different network topologies. We also study the effect of the cost of vaccination and treatment controls on the resource allocation. We find that the optimal strategy achieves significant improvements over the non optimal heuristics for all networks studied in this paper. Our results may be of interest to governments and healthcare authorities for devising effective vaccination and treatment campaigns during an epidemic outbreak.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Results in Control and Optimization. Published version can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rico.2021.100078
The rotational evolution of low-mass stars
Creators: name: Irwin, Jonathan
name: Bouvier, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarise recent progress in the understanding of the rotational evolution of low-mass stars (here defined as solar mass down to the hydrogen burning limit) both in terms of observations and modelling. Wide-field imaging surveys on moderate-size telescopes can now efficiently derive rotation periods for hundreds to thousands of open cluster members, providing unprecedented sample sizes which are ripe for exploration. We summarise the available measurements, and provide simple phenomenological and model-based interpretations of the presently-available data, while highlighting regions of parameter space where more observations are required, particularly at the lowest masses and ages >~ 500 Myr.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. To appear in the Proceedings of the 258th IAU Symposium: "The Ages of Stars", October 2008, Baltimore, MD, USA
Revisiting the Lensed Fraction of High-Redshift Quasars
Creators: name: Yue, Minghao
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Wang, Feige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed lensed fraction of high-redshift quasars $(\sim0.2\%)$ is significantly lower than previous theoretical predictions $(\gtrsim4\%)$. We revisit the lensed fraction of high-redshift quasars predicted by theoretical models, where we adopt recent measurements of galaxy velocity dispersion functions (VDFs) and explore a wide range of quasar luminosity function (QLF) parameters. We use both analytical methods and mock catalogs which give consistent results. For ordinary QLF parameters and the depth of current high-redshift quasar surveys $(m_z\lesssim22)$, our model suggests a multiply-imaged fraction of $F_\text{multi}\sim 0.4\%-0.8\%$. The predicted lensed fraction is $\sim1\%-6\%$ for the brightest $z_s\sim6$ quasars $(m_z\lesssim19)$, depending on the QLF. The systematic uncertainties of the predicted lensed fraction in previous models can be as large as $2-4$ times and are dominated by the VDF. Applying VDFs from recent measurements decreases the predicted lensed fraction and relieves the tension between observations and theoretical models. Given the depth of current imaging surveys, there are $\sim15$ lensed quasars at $z_s>5.5$ detectable over the sky. Upcoming sky surveys like the LSST survey and the {\em Euclid} survey will find several tens of lensed quasars at this redshift range.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Quantification and Validation for Degree of Understanding in M2M Semantic Communications
Creators: name: Xia, Linhan
name: Cai, Jiaxin
name: Hou, Ricky Yuen-Tan
name: Jeong, Seon-Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, network communications based on the Shannon-Nyquist theorem gradually reveal their limitations due to the neglect of semantic information in the transmitted content. Semantic communication (SemCom) provides a solution for extracting information meanings from the transmitted content. The semantic information can be successfully interpreted by a receiver with the help of a shared knowledge base (KB). This paper proposes a two-stage hierarchical qualification and validation model for natural language-based machine-to-machine (M2M) SemCom. The approach can be applied in various applications, such as autonomous driving and edge computing. In the proposed model, we quantitatively measure the degree of understanding (DoU) between two communication parties at the word and sentence levels. The DoU is validated and ensured at each level before moving to the next step. The model's effectiveness is verified through a series of experiments, and the results show that the quantification and validation method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the DoU of inter-machine SemCom.
description: ICCT 2024
CHLSOC: The Chilean Soil Organic Carbon database, a multi-institutional collaborative effort
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Marco
name: Padarian, José
name: Osorio, Rodrigo
name: Bustamante, Nelson
name: Olmedo, Guillermo Federico
name: Guevara, Mario
name: Aburto, Felipe
name: Antilen, Monica
name: Araya, Elías
name: Arellano, Eduardo
name: Barret, Maialent
name: Barrera, Juan
name: Boeckx, Pascal
name: Briceño, Margarita
name: Bunning, Sally
name: Cabrol, Lea
name: Casanova, Manuel
name: Cornejo, Pablo
name: Corradini, Fabio
name: Curaqueo, Gustavo
name: Doetterl, Sebastian
name: Duran, Paola
name: Escudey, Mauricio
name: Espinoza, Angelina
name: Francke, Samuel
name: Fuentes, Juan Pablo
name: Fuentes, Marcel
name: Gajardo, Gonzalo
name: García, Rafael
name: Gallaud, Audrey
name: Galleguillos, Mauricio
name: Gomez, Andres
name: Hidalgo, Manuel
name: Ivelic-Sáez, Jorge
name: Mashalaba, Lwando
name: Matus, Francisco
name: de la Luz Mora, Maria
name: Mora, Jorge
name: Muñoz, Cristina
name: Norambuena, Pablo
name: Olivera, Carolina
name: Ovalle, Carlos
name: Panichini, Marcelo
name: Pauchard, Aníbal
name: Perez-Quezada, Jorge F.
name: Radic, Sergio
name: Ramirez, José
name: Riveras, Nicolas
name: Ruiz, German
name: Salazar, Osvaldo
name: Salgado, Ivan
name: Seguel, Oscar
name: Sepúlveda, María
name: Sierra, Carlos
name: Tapia, Yasna
name: Toledo, Balfredo
name: Torrico, José Miguel
name: Valle, Susana
name: Vargas, Ronald
name: Wolff, Michael
name: Zagal, Erick
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: One of the critical aspects in modelling soil organic carbon (SOC) predictions is the lack of access to soil information which is usually concentrated in regions of high agricultural interest. In Chile, most soil and SOC data to date is highly concentrated in 25 % of the territory that has intensive agricultural or forestry use. Vast areas beyond those forms of land use have few or no soil data available. Here, we present a new database of SOC for the country, which is the result of an unprecedented national effort under the frame of the Global Soil Partnership that help to build the largest database on SOC to date in Chile named “CHLSOC" comprising 13,612 data points. This dataset is the product of the compilation from numerous sources including unpublished and difficult to access data, allowing to fill numerous spatial gaps where no SOC estimates were publicly available before. The values of SOC compiled in CHLSOC range from 6×10−5 to 83.3 percent, reflecting the variety of ecosystems that exists in Chile. Profiting from the richness of geochemical, topographic and climatic variability in Chile, the dataset has the potential to inform and test models trying to predict SOC stocks and dynamics at larger spatial scales.
description: Earth System Science Data Discussions
description: ISSN:1866-3591
Magnetic Transport On The Solar Atmosphere By Turbulent Ambipolar Diffusion
Creators: name: Krishan, V.
name: Masuda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lower solar atmosphere consists of partially ionized turbulent plasmas harbouring velocity field, magnetic field and current density fluctuations. The correlations amongst these small scale fluctuations give rise to large scale flows and magnetic fields which decisively affect all transport processes. The three fluid system consisting of electrons, ions and neutral particles supports nonideal effects such as the Hall effect and the ambipolar diffusion. Here, we study magnetic transport by ambipolar diffusion and compare the characteristic timescales of the laminar and the turbulent ambipolar diffusion processes. As expected from a turbulent transport process, the time scale of the turbulent ambipolar diffusion is found to be smaller by orders of magnitude as compared with the laminar ambipolar diffusion.The nonlinearity of the laminar ambipolar diffusion creates magnetic structures with sharp gradients which are amenable to processes such as magnetic reconnection and energy release therefrom for heating and flaring of the solar plasma.
description: 10 pages
Local-level politics in a rural B.C. community : community life under the metropolis-satellite system
Creators: name: Halverson, Douglas Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The nature of local-level political activity in the rural community of Bella Coola is shaped by the satellite relationship of the community to national and international economy, society and culture. Foremost, Bella Coola is economically a satellite in that (1) it lacks local capital and (2) all the products and nearly all the profit of local industry leave the valley. It is not within the power of the local community members to make major economic decisions. Rather, they must constantly respond to external initiatives. Bella Coola occupies a satellite position in regard to formal social institutions in that the community itself supplies only the lowest level functionaries and workers. Its members have no control on major social policy and implementation. Bella Coola is a cultural satellite in that its members do not participate in the creation of the dominant culture but rather consume it. Local ideals of the good life, music, art, drama, and technical implements are all independent of local creation. The satellite nature of Bella Coola affects local level political activity in (1) regard to goals that succeed and (2) leadership and participation. The political goals that succeed in Bella Coola are those that increase access to the economic, social, and cultural centre (the metropolis). Successful local level political leaders come from those occupations that provide the highest contact with persons and institutions outside the community.
CIFRA National Survey: Uruguay February 1996
Creators: name: CIFRA, In Bogliaccini, Juan, And Queirolo Rosario Laboratorio De Opinión Pública And Redes Sociales En Uruguay Collection (Social Networks And Public Opinion Lab Collection)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Total population: lottery, quiniela (sports-betting), and 5 de Oro (lottery game); lottery and betting habits; approval of various political figures and groups; Uruguay economy; satisfaction with life; journalists' distortion of the news; details of school your children attend; cost of college; committee for parents; rate kindness of political figures; family economic situation; Tabaré Vázquez and cancer funding; Luis Alberto Lacalle and the bank of Pan de Azúcar (city in Uruguay); General Líber Seregni as president of Frente Amplio (Broad Front); television preferences; interest in politics; President Julio María Sanguinetti approval; political corruption; opportunities for you vs. when your parents were young; dedication to religion; 1989 voting history. Montevideo: where you go when you need a doctor; monthly medical fees payment; radio stations you listen to the most. National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANII) Collection
title: Маркетинг
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии изложены основные вопросы маркетинга как области экономического знания, рассматриваются практические методы и технологии производственно-сбытовой деятельности современной организации. Теоретический материал сопровождается практическими заданиями для формирования навыков управления товарной и ценовой политикой, разработки системы маркетинговых коммуникаций, построения системы товародвижения. Издание соответствует требованиям Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования, предъявляемым к изучению дисциплины «Маркетинг». Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по укрупненной группе специальностей и направлений подготовки «Экономика и управление».
Asymptotic study of the electric double layer at the interface of apolyelectrolyte gel and solvent bath
Creators: name: Celora, Giulia L.
name: Hennessy, Matthew G.
name: Münch, Andreas
name: Waters, Sarah L.
name: Wagner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: polyelectrolyte gel
subject: phase separation
subject: matched asymptotic expansions
subject: 74A30
subject: 80A22
subject: 34B15
subject: 83.80.Rs;
subject: 83.10.Tv

description: An asymptotic framework is developed to study electric double layers that form at the inter-face between a solvent bath and a polyelectrolyte gel that can undergo phase separation. The kinetic model for the gel accounts for the finite strain of polyelectrolyte chains, free energy ofinternal interfaces, and Stefan?Maxwell diffusion. By assuming that the thickness of the doublelayer is small compared to the typical size of the gel, matched asymptotic expansions are used toderive electroneutral models with consistent jump conditions across the gel-bath interface in two-dimensional plane-strain as well as fully three-dimensional settings. The asymptotic frameworkis then applied to cylindrical gels that undergo volume phase transitions. The analysis indicatesthat Maxwell stresses are responsible for generating large compressive hoop stresses in the double layer of the gel when it is in the collapsed state, potentially leading to localised mechanicalinstabilities that cannot occur when the gel is in the swollen state. When the energy cost of in-ternal interfaces is sufficiently weak, a sharp transition between electrically neutral and chargedregions of the gel can occur. This transition truncates the double layer and causes it to have finitethickness. Moreover, phase separation within the double layer can occur. Both of these featuresare suppressed if the energy cost of internal interfaces is sufficiently high. Thus, interfacial freeenergy plays a critical role in controlling the structure of the double layer in the gel.
Unstable Anisotropic Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Nelson, William
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stability conditions of the full Hamiltonian constraint equation describing the quantum dynamics of the diagonal Bianchi I model in the context of LQC. Our analysis has shown robust evidence of an instability in the explicit implementation of the difference equation, implying important consequences for the correspondence between the full LQG theory and LQC. As a result, one may question the choice of the quantisation approach, the model of lattice refinement, and/or the role of the ambiguity parameters; all these should in principle be dictated by the full LQG theory.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Particle Swarm Optimization Based Reactive Power Optimization
Creators: name: Sujin, P. R.
name: Prakash, T. Ruban Deva
name: Linda, M. Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reactive power plays an important role in supporting the real power transfer by maintaining voltage stability and system reliability. It is a critical element for a transmission operator to ensure the reliability of an electric system while minimizing the cost associated with it. The traditional objectives of reactive power dispatch are focused on the technical side of reactive support such as minimization of transmission losses. Reactive power cost compensation to a generator is based on the incurred cost of its reactive power contribution less the cost of its obligation to support the active power delivery. In this paper an efficient Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based reactive power optimization approach is presented. The optimal reactive power dispatch problem is a nonlinear optimization problem with several constraints. The objective of the proposed PSO is to minimize the total support cost from generators and reactive compensators. It is achieved by maintaining the whole system power loss as minimum thereby reducing cost allocation. The purpose of reactive power dispatch is to determine the proper amount and location of reactive support. Reactive Optimal Power Flow (ROPF) formulation is developed as an analysis tool and the validity of proposed method is examined using an IEEE-14 bus system.
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association analysis of treatment resistant schizophrenia for variant discovery and polygenic assessment
Creators: name: Lenk, Hasan Çağın
name: Koch, Elise
name: O’Connell, Kevin S.
name: Smith, Robert Løvsletten
name: Akkouh, Ibrahim A.
name: Djurovic, Srdjan
name: Andreassen, Ole A.
name: Molden, Espen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file1 (DOCX 196 KB)
Additional file 1 of Impact of automated pop-up alerts on simultaneous prescriptions of antimicrobial agents and metal cations
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Takanori
name: Matsumoto, Taichi
name: Tsutsumi, Chiyo
name: Hadano, Yoshiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Selective transport of water molecules through interlayer spaces in graphite
Creators: name: Saini, Lalita
name: Nemala, Siva Sankar
name: Rathi, Aparna
name: Kaushik, Suvigya
name: Kalon, Gopinadhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interlayer space in graphite is impermeable to ions and molecules, including protons. Its controlled expansion would find several applications in desalination, gas purification, high-density batteries, etc. In the past, metal intercalation has been used to modify graphitic interlayer spaces; however, resultant intercalation compounds are unstable in water. Here, we successfully expanded graphite interlayer spaces by intercalating aqueous KCl ions electrochemically. The water conductivity shows several orders of enhancement when compared to unintercalated graphite. Water evaporation experiments further confirm the high permeation rate. There is weak ion permeation through interlayer spaces, up to the highest chloride concentration of 1 M, an indication of sterically limited transport. In these very few transported ions, we observe hydration energy-dependent selectivity between salt ions. These strongly suggest a soft ball model of steric exclusion, which is rarely reported. Our spectroscopy studies provide clear evidence for cation-π interactions, though weak anion-π interactions were also detectable. These findings improve our understanding of molecular and ionic transport at the atomic scale.
description: 21 pages, 4 main figures
Mineral weathering diversifies the response of soil carbon and microbial dynamics to warming
Creators: name: Doetterl, Sebastian
name: Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw
name: Finke, Peter
name: Harden, Jennifer
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Quantifying soil carbon dynamics is of utmost relevance in the context of global change because soils play an important role in land-atmosphere gas exchange. Our current understanding of both present and future carbon dynamics is limited because we fail to accurately represent soil processes across temporal and spatial scales, partly because of the paucity of data on the relative importance and hierarchical relationships between microbial, geochemical and climatic controls. Using observations from a 3000 ka soil chronosequence, we show how soil carbon dynamics are driven by the relationship between short-term biotic responses and long-term mineral weathering. We linked temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration to biogeochemical soil properties through their relationship with microbial activity and community composition. In a final step, we tested if the dependencies of soil organic carbon dynamics on mineral properties can be translated into a model framework and help to improve SOC modeling on decadal to millennial timescales using a version of the soil weathering model SoilGen including the functionality of the multi-pool C turnover model RothC. We found that soil mineralogy, in particular changes in mineral reactivity and resulting nutrient availability, impacts the response of heterotrophic soil respiration to warming by altering carbon inputs, carbon stabilization, microbial community composition and extracellular enzyme activity. We demonstrate that biogeochemical alteration of the soil matrix (and not short-term warming) controls the composition of microbial communities and strategies to metabolize nutrients. More specifically, weathering first increases and then reduces nutrient availability and retention, as well as the potential of soils to stabilize carbon. We conclude that there is a great benefit of including geochemical rate modifiers in SOC models that can help to explain the varying importance of biotic and abiotic soil components along weathering and geochemical sequences.
description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962
Ejection of hypervelocity binary stars by a black hole of intermediate mass orbiting Sgr A*
Creators: name: Sesana, A.
name: Madau, P.
name: Haardt, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of hypervelocity binary stars (HVBs) in the Galactic halo would provide definite evidence of the existence of a massive black hole companion to Sgr A*. Here we use an hybrid approach to compute the rate of ejection and the total number of HVBs produced by a hypothetical intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH, M_2<10^5\msun) orbiting Sgr A*. Depending on the mass of M_2 and on the properties of binary stars in the central parsec of the Milky Way, we show that the number of undisrupted HVBs expected to be expelled from the Galactic Center before binary black hole coalescence ranges from zero to a few dozens at most. Therefore, the non-detection of stellar binaries in a complete survey of hypervelocity stars would not rule out the occurrence of an IMBH-Sgr A* in-spiralling event within the last few 10^8 years.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS letters
Star clusters with dual red clumps
Creators: name: Girardi, Leo
name: Rubele, Stefano
name: Kerber, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds exhibit composite structures in the red-clump region of their colour-magnitude diagrams. The most striking case is NGC419 in the SMC, where the red clump is composed of a main blob as well as a distinct secondary feature. This structure is demonstrated to be real and corresponds to the simultaneous presence of stars which passed through electron degeneracy after central-hydrogen exhaustion and those that did not. This rare occurrence in a single cluster allows us to set stringent constraints on its age and on the efficiency of convective-core overshooting during main-sequence evolution. We present a more detailed analysis of NGC419, together with a first look at other populous LMC clusters which are apparently in the same phase: NGC1751, NGC1783, NGC1806, NGC1846, NGC1852 and NGC1917. We also compare these Magellanic Cloud cases with their Galactic counterparts, NGC752 and NGC7789. We emphasise the extraordinary potential of these clusters as absolute calibration marks on the age scale of stellar populations.
description: contributed talk at IAUS 266 'Star clusters: basic galactic building blocks', eds R. de Grijs and J. Lepine. A high resolution version of Fig. 1 is available in http://stev.oapd.inaf.it/~lgirardi/NGC419_hr.pdf
Soil physicochemical and biological controls on soil phosphorus status, availability and dynamics along a European continental transect
Creators: name: Wasner, Daniel
name: Böckle, Theresa
name: Hu, Yuntao
name: Noll, Lisa
name: Püspöck, Johann
name: Zhang, Shasha
name: Zheng, Quing
name: Wanek, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962
Magnetic field-induced soft mode in spin-gapped high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Andersen, Brian M.
name: Syljuasen, Olav F.
name: Hedegard, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an explanation of the dynamical in-gap spin mode in LSCO induced by an applied magnetic field H as recently observed by J. Chang et al. Our model consists of a phenomenological spin-only Hamiltonian, and the softening of the spin mode is caused by vortex pinning of dynamical stripe fluctuations which we model by a local ordering of the exchange interactions. The spin gap vanishes experimentally around H=7T which in our scenario corresponds to the field required for overlapping vortex regions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figs
Additional file 3 of Seeking the aim – perspectives of asylum seekers, nurses, and authorities on the objectives of the asylum seekers’ initial health assessment: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Mustonen, K-L
name: Ismail, M.
name: Mäki-Opas, T.
name: Castaneda, A.E.
name: Kauhanen, J.
name: Atkins, S.
name: Skogberg, N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Chaos Models in Economics
Creators: name: Vlad, Sorin
name: Pascu, Paul
name: Morariu, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The paper discusses the main ideas of the chaos theory and presents mainly the importance of the nonlinearities in the mathematical models. Chaos and order are apparently two opposite terms. The fact that in chaos can be found a certain precise symmetry (Feigenbaum numbers) is even more surprising. As an illustration of the ubiquity of chaos, three models among many other existing models that have chaotic features are presented here: the nonlinear feedback profit model, one model for the simulation of the exchange rate and one application of the chaos theory in the capital markets.
Patterns in C:N:P stoichiometry and relations to soil microbial function asaffected by climate, bedrock, and land use across a continental transect in Europe
Creators: name: Wanek, Wolfgang
name: Böckle, Theresa
name: Hu, Yuntao
name: Noll, Lisa
name: Wasner, Daniel
name: Zhang, Shasha
name: Zheng, Quing
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962
A significant detection of X-ray Polarization in Sco X-1 with PolarLight and constraints on the corona geometry
Creators: name: Long, Xiangyun
name: Feng, Hua
name: Li, Hong
name: Zhu, Jiahuan
name: Wu, Qiong
name: Huang, Jiahui
name: Minuti, Massimo
name: Jiang, Weichun
name: Yang, Dongxin
name: Citraro, Saverio
name: Nasimi, Hikmat
name: Yu, Jiandong
name: Jin, Ge
name: Zeng, Ming
name: An, Peng
name: Jiang, Jiachen
name: Costa, Enrico
name: Baldini, Luca
name: Bellazzini, Ronaldo
name: Brez, Alessandro
name: Latronico, Luca
name: Sgro, Carmelo
name: Spandre, Gloria
name: Pinchera, Michele
name: Muleri, Fabio
name: Soffitta, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of X-ray polarization in the neutron star low mass X-ray binary Scorpius (Sco) X-1 with PolarLight. The result is energy dependent, with a non-detection in 3-4 keV but a 4$σ$ detection in 4-8 keV; it is also flux dependent in the 4-8 keV band, with a non-detection when the source displays low fluxes but a 5$σ$ detection during high fluxes, in which case we obtain a polarization fraction of $0.043 \pm 0.008$ and a polarization angle of $52.6^\circ \pm 5.4^\circ$. This confirms a previous marginal detection with OSO-8 in the 1970s, and marks Sco X-1 the second astrophysical source with a significant polarization measurement in the keV band. The measured polarization angle is in line with the jet orientation of the source on the sky plane ($54^\circ$), which is supposedly the symmetric axis of the system. Combining previous spectral analysis, our measurements suggest that an optically thin corona is located in the transition layer under the highest accretion rates, and disfavor the extended accretion disk corona model.
description: Submitted to AAS journals. We are grateful to some experts for useful comments
Point-like sources and the scale of quantum gravity
Creators: name: Casadio, Roberto
name: Garattini, Remo
name: Scardigli, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the General Relativistic model of a (quasi) point-like particle represented by a massive shell of neutral matter which has vanishing total energy in the small-volume limit. We then show that, by assuming a Generalised Uncertainty Principle, which implies the existence of a minimum length of the order of the Planck scale, the total energy instead remains finite and equal to the shell's proper mass both for very heavy and very light particles. This suggests that the quantum structure of space-time might be related to the classical Equivalence Principle and possible implications for the late stage of evaporating black holes are briefly mentioned.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex4 style
A mechanism to generate varying speed of light via Higgs-dilaton coupling: Theory and cosmological applications
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We allow the Higgs field $Φ$ to interact with a dilaton field $χ$ of the background spacetime via the coupling $χ^2\,Φ^\daggerΦ$. Upon spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking, the Higgs VEV becomes proportional to $χ$. While traditionally this linkage is employed to make the Planck mass and particle masses dependent on $χ$, we present an $\textit alternative$ mechanism: the Higgs VEV will be used to construct Planck's constant $\hbar$ and speed of light $c$. Specifically, each open set vicinity of a given point $x^*$ on the spacetime manifold is equipped with a replica of the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam action operating with its own effective values of $\hbar_*$ and $c_*$ per $\hbar_*\proptoχ^{-1/2}(x^*)$ and $c_*\proptoχ^{1/2}(x^*)$, causing these ``fundamental constants'' to vary alongside the dynamical field $χ$. Moreover, in each open set around $x^*$, the prevailing value $χ(x^*)$ determines the length and time scales for physical processes occurring in this region as $l\proptoχ^{-1}(x^*)$ and $τ\proptoχ^{-3/2}(x^*)$. This leads to an $\textit anisotropic$ relation $τ^{-1}\propto l^{-3/2}$ between the rate of clocks and the length of rods, resulting in a distinct set of novel physical phenomena. For late-time cosmology, the variation of $c$ along the trajectory of light waves from distant supernovae towards the Earth-based observer necessitates modifications to the Lemaître redshift relation and the Hubble law. These modifications are capable of: (1) Accounting for the Pantheon Catalog of SNeIa $\textit{through a declining speed of light in an expanding Einstein--de Sitter universe}$, thus avoiding the need for dark energy; (2) Revitalizing Blanchard-Douspis-Rowan-Robinson-Sarkar's CMB power spectrum analysis that bypassed dark energy [A&A 412, 35 (2003)]; and (3) Resolving the $H_0$ tension without requiring a dynamical dark energy component.
description: Final version. Published in Eur. Phys. J. C
Influence of plant growth form, habitat and season on leaf-wax n-alkane hydrogen-isotopic signatures in equatorial East Africa
Creators: name: Griepentrog, Marco
name: De Wispelaere, Lien
name: Bauters, Marijn
name: Bodé, Samuel
name: Hemp, Andreas
name: Verschuren, Dirk
name: Boeckx, Pascal
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Leaf-wax n-alkanes are produced by terrestrial plants, and through long-term preservation in sediments their stable hydrogen-isotopic signature (δ²Hwax) provides useful information on past hydrological variation for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the isotopic relationships between the leaf waxes and the plants' source water. In this study, we investigated the influence of plant growth form, habitat and season on the distribution patterns and δ²Hwax values of 14 plant species (among which are two grasses, five trees and seven shrubs) sampled during four successive dry and wet seasons in three distinct habitats around Lake Chala in equatorial East Africa. Variation in δ²Hwax was analyzed with linear mixed-effect models and compared with the associated values of xylem water (δ²Hxylem), leaf water (δ²Hleaf) and biosynthetic hydrogen fractionation (εbio) (Figure 1). Our results show that plant growth form was the most important driver of modern-day δ²Hwax variability in the study area, and that differences in δ²Hwax between habitats to a large extent reflect the representation of the three major growth forms in those habitats. Individual plant species appear to express substantial species-specific isotopic fractionation that cannot be attributed to the tested external factors but rather seem to depend on intrinsic (e.g., plant phenological and biosynthesis-related) factors. For the purpose of calibrating δ²Hwax signatures against vegetation types, it is thus crucial to analyze representative samples of the plant communities present in the study area. Our results further indicate that paleohydrological studies in regions receiving rain from multiple moisture sources must take into account possible seasonal bias in the δ²Hwax signature relative to annual rainfall (Figure 1), due to unequal use of those moisture sources by the plants (De Wispelaere et al., 2017). Finally, the strong influence of plant growth form on δ²Hwax values argues for systematic evaluation of δ²Hwax variation in paleo-records in conjunction with independent proxy data on changes in vegetation composition. Differences in n-alkane distribution patterns (average chain length, carbon preference index and C31/(C29+C31) ratio) among trees, shrubs and grasses may provide such a proxy, and can be produced from the same leaf-wax n-alkane dataset used to determine δ²Hwax.
description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962
The maximization of Tsallis entropy with complete deformed functions and the problem of constraints
Creators: name: Oikonomou, Thomas
name: Bagci, G. Baris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first observe that the (co)domains of the q-deformed functions are some subsets of the (co)domains of their ordinary counterparts, thereby deeming the deformed functions to be incomplete. In order to obtain a complete definition of $q$-generalized functions, we calculate the dual mapping function, which is found equal to the otherwise \textit{ad hoc} duality relation between the ordinary and escort stationary distributions. Motivated by this fact, we show that the maximization of the Tsallis entropy with the complete $q$-logarithm and $q$-exponential implies the use of the ordinary probability distributions instead of escort distributions. Moreover, we demonstrate that even the escort stationary distributions can be obtained through the use of the ordinary averaging procedure if the argument of the $q$-exponential lies in (-$\infty$, 0].
description: 7 pages
Upper bounds for shifted moments of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions over function fields
Creators: name: Gao, Peng
name: Zhao, Liangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M38, 11R59, 11T06

description: We establish sharp upper bounds on shifted moments of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions over function fields. As an application, we prove some bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums over function fields.
description: 14 pages, revised with accordance to the referee's comments
Posynomial Geometric Programming Problems with Multiple Parameters
Creators: name: Ojha, A. K.
name: Biswal, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Geometric programming problem is a powerful tool for solving some special type non-linear programming problems. It has a wide range of applications in optimization and engineering for solving some complex optimization problems. Many applications of geometric programming are on engineering design problems where parameters are estimated using geometric programming. When the parameters in the problems are imprecise, the calculated objective value should be imprecise as well. In this paper we have developed a method to solve geometric programming problems where the exponent of the variables in the objective function, cost coefficients and right hand side are multiple parameters. The equivalent mathematical programming problems are formulated to find their corresponding value of the objective function based on the duality theorem. By applying a variable separable technique the multi-choice mathematical programming problem is transformed into multiple one level geometric programming problem which produces multiple objective values that helps engineers to handle more realistic engineering design problems.
Gene Ontology annotation of microglial proteins associated with dementia
Creators: name: Kramarz, Barbara
name: Roncaglia, Paola
name: Rodríguez-López, Milagros
name: Bandopadhyay, Rina
name: Hooper, Nigel M.
name: Orchard, Sandra
name: Martin, Maria J.
name: Brough, David
name: Parkinson, Helen
name: Lovering, Ruth C.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The Gene Ontology (GO) is a major resource for functional enrichment analysis and interpretation of high-throughput datasets. The aim of the Alzheimer’s Research UK-funded project described here is to annotate microglial proteins associated with dementia using GO, and to enhance this open-access resource by developing highly descriptive GO terms relevant to neuroinflammatory processes. At the time of poster printing, 2341 GO annotations describing neuroinflammatory aspects have been associated with over 320 proteins and submitted to the GO database; among these, 1620 are associated with 290 human proteins (QuickGO Statistics; accessed: 5th March 2019). Processes annotated so far include regulation of production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as glial cell activation and migration. Our ongoing contribution to the GO resource will help to delineate the molecular mechanisms of dementia, thus enabling researchers to consider alternative biomarkers and options for drug development and treatment, based on outcomes of their GO-based analyses.
Tillage erosion as the main driver of in-field yield patterns in an intensively used hummocky landscape
Creators: name: Öttl, Lena Katharina
name: Wehrhan, Marc
name: Wilken, Florian
name: Sommer, Michael
name: Fiener, Peter
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962