Perugryllus ranoredium Cadena-Castañeda & Orejuela 2020, n. sp.
Creators: name: Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.
name: Orejuela, Mery Helen Tíjaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Perugryllus
Perugryllus ranoredium

description: Perugryllus ranoredium n. sp.   
Map 1, Figs. 1-2  
http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:509812  
 Holotype. ♂. Colombia, Amazonas, Amacayacu National Park, 70 m. -3.676742, -70.230581. J. Noriega. (CAUD)   
 Paratypes. 4♂. Same data as holotype.   
 Description. Male. Size small (Figs. 1A, B). Coloration. Predominantly dark brown, yellowish brown legs, hind femur with brown transverse stripes and with a yellowish pre-genicular ring. Lateral ends of posterior margin in pronotal disc with yellow quadrangular spot on each side, forewing angle, between Sc and Cu 1 yellow vein (Figs. 1 A-D). Head as wide as pronotum, rounded and smooth; eyes ovoid, with the lower edge in lateral view slightly constricted or wavy; circular ocelli, forming a flat triangle, lateral ocelli slightly larger than the mid ocellus; fastigium wide almost three times the width of scape; maxillary palpi very short, joints third and fourth subequal, joint fifth the longest and triangular in shape (Fig. 1C). Pronotum. Rectangular pronotal disc, wider than long, anterior and posterior margin almost straight, covered with hairs specially on the margins of the pronotum, lateral lobules quadrangular and with a rounded edge (Figs. 1A, B). Legs. Femora without spines; fore tibia without tympana on both sides, apex with three spurs, inner ventral spur longest; mid-tibia with four apical spurs and with inners ones longer than outer; hind tibia with a spine above subapical spurs only on the outer margin, four pairs of subapical spurs, the inner spur longer than outer one; three apical spurs on each side; median and dorsal inner spurs similar at length, being the longest; median outer spur twice as long as ventral and dorsal outer spurs. Tarsomeres of the hind leg higher than wide, furrowed dorsally; with two rows of strong dorsal spines. Wings. Fore wings ovoid, thick, smooth and shiny covering the first abdominal tergite dorsally. Stridulatory area with numerous veins, fully reticulated, mainly on mirror area (almost not visible or absent), apical and chordal area reduced; A 1 vein curved almost parallel to Cu 2 vein, A 2 transversely crossing the basal area of the tegmina, A 3 vein slightly straight, traversing the basal area from the bottom to top (Fig. 1D); stridulatory file curved and with 15-19 numbers of teeth (n=5). Lateral field with three longitudinal veins. Abdomen. Tergites covered by short hairs, subgenital plate longer than wide.   
 Genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite, with a pair of lateral lophi and short divided median lophi (Fig. 1A). Lateral lophi incurved and with sharp apex; notch between median lobe U-shaped (Fig. 1A, B); pseudepiphallic parameres tri-furcated at apex, ventral branch longer than dorsal one (Figs. 1B, C). Rami straight and stout, incomplete and not connected posteriorly (Figs. 1A, B); ectophallic fold membranose, pseudepiphallic arm short and stout (Fig. 1B), dorsally cavity moderately developed (Fig. 1A). Ectophallic arc w-shaped in dorsal view, high and strongly sclerotized (Figs. 1A, C).   
 Female. Unknown.   
 Measurements (in mm.). Holotype: LB: 9.5. Pr: 1.3. HF: 5.5. HT: 3.1. Paratypes: LB: 8.8-9.3. Pr: 1-1.2. HF: 5-5.3. HT: 2.9-3.1.   
 Etymology. Refers to the word from the witoto ranoréde which means small, and being a neutral genus, it is Latinized with the ending - ium.   
 Comparision. The new species differs from P. estiron by the following characteristics: P. estiron has four yellow spots on the pronotal disc, one at each end; tegmina covering the base of the third abdominal segment. Regarding genital structures, the median lobe notch V-shaped, pseudepiphallic ventral branch moderately sharp and curved inward, lateral lobe exceeding the length of the pseudepiphallic paramere. In contrast, P. ranoredium n. sp. only has two spots located at the ends of the posterior margin of the pronotal disc; tegmina covering the first abdominal segment (Fig. 1D). Median lobe notch U-shaped (Figs. 2A, B); pseudepiphallic ventral branch notoriously sharp and curved inwards; lateral lobe without exceeding the length of the pseudepiphallic paramere (Fig. 2C).
description: Published as part of Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J. & Orejuela, Mery Helen Tíjaro, 2020, Studies in Colombian Ensifera and adjacent countries: New taxa of smallest field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae), pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 4809 (3) on pages 573-574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4809.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/3936758