cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Random phase approximation for the 1D anti-ferromagnetic Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Rabhi, A.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Da Providencia, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hartree-Fock-RPA approach is applied to the 1D anti-ferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the Jordan-Wigner representation. Somewhat contrary to expectation, this leads to reasonable results for spectral functions and sum rules in the symmetry unbroken phase. In a preliminary application of Self-Consistent RPA to finite size chains strongly improved results are obtained.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
The Darrieus-Landau instability in fast deflagration and laser ablation
Creators: name: Bychkov, Vitaly
name: Modestov, Mikhail
name: Marklund, Mattias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the Darrieus-Landau instability at a discontinuous deflagration front in a compressible flow is solved. Numerous previous attempts to solve this problem suffered from the deficit of boundary conditions. Here, the required additional boundary condition is derived rigorously taking into account the internal structure of the front. The derived condition implies a constant mass flux at the front; it reduces to the classical Darrieus-Landau condition in the limit of an incompressible flow. It is demonstrated that in general the solution to the problem depends on the type of energy source present in the system. In the common case of a strongly localized source, compression effects make the Darrieus-Landau instability considerably weaker. In particular, the Darrieus-Landau instability growth rate is reduced for laser ablation in comparison with the classical incompressible case. The instability disappears completely in the Chapman-Jouguet regime of ultimately fast deflagration.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in Physics of Plasmas
ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL FOR FOOD-BASED STRATEGIES TO REDUCE VITAMIN A AND IRON DEFICIENCIES: A REVIEW OF RECENT EVIDENCE
Creators: name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Levin, Carol E.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Levin, Carol E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This paper reviews current knowledge and experience with food-based approaches to reduce vitamin A and iron deficiencies. It presents a review of recently published literature, highlights some of the lessons learned, and identifies knowledge gaps and research priorities. The main strategies reviewed are food-based interventions that aim at (1) increasing the production, availability and access to vitamin A and iron-rich foods through the promotion of home production; (2) increasing the intake of vitamin A and iron-rich foods through nutrition education, communication, social marketing and behavior change programs to improve dietary quality among vulnerable groups; and (3) increasing the bioavailability of vitamin A and iron in the diet either through home processing techniques or food-to-food fortification strategies. Plant breeding strategies are also discussed because of their potential to increase the content of vitamin A and iron in the diet as well as their bioavailability. The review highlights two contrasting facts. On the one hand, it is clear that the technologies and strategies reviewed have the potential to address many of the concerns about both the intake and the bioavailability of vitamin A and iron among impoverished populations. On the other hand, enormous information gaps still exist in relation to both the efficacy and the effectiveness of most of the strategies reviewed, even for approaches as popular as home gardening. Significant progress has been achieved in the past 10 years in the design and implementation of food-based approaches, particularly with respect to the new generation of projects integrating production and nutrition education and behavior change strategies. Yet, little has been done to evaluate their efficacy, effectiveness, feasibility, sustainability and their impact on the diets and nutritional status of at-risk populations. The same question as that posed in previous reviews decades ago remains at the end of the present review: what really can be achieved with food-based interventions to control vitamin A and iron deficiency? Food based approaches could be an essential part of the long-term global strategy to alleviate micronutrient deficiencies but their real potential is still to be explored.
On characterizations of amenable C*-dynamical systems and new examples
Creators: name: Ozawa, Narutaka
name: Suzuki, Yuhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show the equivalence of several amenability type conditions for C*-dynamical systems. As an application, based on the Pimsner--Meyer construction, we give a new method to produce amenable actions on simple C*-algebras.
description: 26 pages, minor revision, to appear in Selecta Mathematica
Imaging Electron Interferometer
Creators: name: LeRoy, B. J.
name: Bleszynski, A. C.
name: Aidala, K. E.
name: Westervelt, R. M.
name: Kalben, A.
name: Heller, E. J.
name: Shaw, S. E. J.
name: Maranowski, K. D.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An imaging interferometer was created in a two-dimensional electron gas by reflecting electron waves emitted from a quantum point contact (QPC) with a circular mirror. Images of electron flow obtained with a scanning probe microscope at liquid He temperatures show interference fringes when the mirror is energized. A quantum phase shifter was created by moving the mirror via its gate voltage, and an interferometric spectrometer can be formed by sweeping the tip over many wavelengths. Experiments and theory demonstrate that the interference signal is robust against thermal averaging.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. Movies associated with this paper at http://www.mb.tn.tudelft.nl/user/brian/interferometer.html
Spin-orbit coupling induced magnetism in the $d$-density wave phase of La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$ superconductors
Creators: name: Wu, Congjun
name: Zaanen, Jan
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of spin-orbit coupling in the $d$-density wave (DDW) phase. In the low-temperature orthorhombic phase of La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$, we find that spin-orbit coupling induces a ferromagnetic moment in the DDW phase, which is polarized along the [110] direction with a considerable magnitude. This effect does not exist in the superconducting phase. On the other hand, if the $d$-density wave order does not exist at zero field, a magnetic field along the [110] direction always induces such a staggered orbital current. We discuss experimental constraints on the DDW states in light of our theoretical predictions.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
TARGETING OUTCOMES REDUX
Creators: name: Coady, David P.
name: Grosh, Margaret
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Coady, David P.
name: Grosh, Margaret
name: Hoddinott, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper addresses the contested issue of the efficacy of targeting interventions in developing countries using a newly constructed comprehensive database of 111 targeted antipoverty interventions in 47 countries. While the median program transfers 25 percent more to the target group than would be the case with a universal allocation, more than a quarter of targeted programs are regressive. Countries with higher income or governance measures, and countries with better measures for voice do better at directing benefits toward poorer members of the population. Interventions that use means testing, geographic targeting, and self-selection based on a work requirement are all associated with an increased share of benefits going to the bottom two quintiles. Self-selection based on consumption, demographic targeting to the elderly, and community bidding show limited potential for good targeting. Proxy means testing, community-based selection of individuals, and demographic targeting to children show good results on average, but with considerable variation. Overall, there is considerable variation in targeting performance when we examine experiences with specific program types and specific targeting methods. Indeed a Theil decomposition of the variation in outcome shows that differences between targeting methods account for only 20 percent of overall variation. The remainder is due to differences found within categories. Thus, while these general patterns are instructive, differences in implementation are also quite important determinants of outcomes.
Higgs Scalar-Tensor Theory for Gravity and the Flat Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Bezares-Roder, Nils M.
name: Dehnen, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar-tensor theory of gravity with the Higgs field as scalar field is presented. For central symmetry it reproduces the empirically measured flat rotation curves of galaxies. We approximate the galaxy by a polytropic gas sphere with the polytropic index $γ=2$ and a massive core.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
[Patwin field notes]
Creators: name: Bill, Minnie
name: Bright, Elizabeth
name: Gonzales, Mrs.  Sara Jane
name: Lowell, Nora
name: Mitchum, Mrs.  Ida
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: pwi
subject: Hill Patwin language
subject: River Patwin language

description: Second of 10 notebooks. Includes vocabulary and notes on morphology and syntax.
WIMPs at High Energy Muon Colliders
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Liu, Zhen
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
name: Wang, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) paradigm is one of the most compelling scenarios for particle dark matter (DM). We show in this paper that a high energy muon collider can make decisive statements about the WIMP DM, and this should serve as one of its main physics driver cases. We demonstrate this by employing the DM as the lightest member of an electroweak (EW) multiplet, which is a simple, yet one of the most challenging WIMP scenarios given its minimal collider signature and high thermal target mass scale of 1 TeV$-$23 TeV. We perform a first study of the reach of high energy muon colliders, focusing on the simple, inclusive and conservative signals with large missing mass, through the mono-photon, VBF di-muon and a novel mono-muon channel. Using these inclusive signals, it is possible to cover the thermal targets of doublet and triplet with a 10 TeV muon collider. Higher energies, 14 TeV$-$75 TeV, would ensure a $5 σ$ reach above the thermal targets for the higher EW multiplets. We also estimate the reach of a search for disappearing tracks, demonstrating the potential significant enhancement of the sensitivity.
description: v1: 33 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables; v2: minor updates, matches PRD published version; v3: doublet disappearing track numerical results corrected, conclusions improves; also matches PRD errata
Intermediate Asymptotics of the Kerr Quasinormal Spectrum
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
name: Keshet, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the quasinormal mode spectrum of near-extremal (rotating) Kerr black holes. We find an analytic expression for these black-hole resonances in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: its Bekenstein-Hawking temperature T_{BH} and its horizon's angular velocity Ω, which is valid in the intermediate asymptotic regime 1<
description: 4 pages
DESIGNING AND EVALUATING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS: THEORY, EVIDENCE AND POLICY CONCLUSIONS
Creators: name: Coady, David P.
name: Coady, David P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper reviews the literature on the performance of commonly found social safety net programs in developing countries. The evidence suggests that universal food subsidies have very limited potential for redistributing income. While targeted food subsidies have greater potential, this can only be realized when adequate attention is given to the design and implementation, as well as to the social and political factors influencing the adoption, of these programs. Although well-designed public works programs have impressive targeting performance, they have large non-wage costs; thus, to be cost-effective, they need to produce outputs that are especially beneficial to poor households. Social funds, which emphasize both community involvement and asset creation, have been cost-effective, but they are difficult to target to extremely poor households. Traditional public works programs are particularly attractive for addressing vulnerability, but they require flexibility regarding choice of output. Targeted human capital subsidies appear to have great potential for addressing extreme poverty; but again, their design needs to reflect the human capital profile of countries and the administrative capability of the government.
Many-body-QED perturbation theory: Connection to the Bethe-Salpeter equation
Creators: name: Lindgren, Ingvar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between many-body theory (MBPT)--in perturbative and non-perturbative form--and quantum-electrodynamics (QED) is reviewed for systems of two fermions in an external field. The treatment is mainly based upon the recently developed covariant-evolution-operator method for QED calculations [Lindgren et al. Phys. Rep. 389, 161 (2004)], which has a structure quite akin to that of many-body perturbation theory. At the same time this procedure is closely connected to the S-matrix and the Green's-function formalisms and can therefore serve as a bridge between various approaches. It is demonstrated that the MBPT-QED scheme, when carried to all orders, leads to a Schroedinger-like equation, equivalent to the Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation. A Bloch equation in commutator form that can be used for an "extended" or quasi-degenerate model space is derived. It has the same relation to the BS equation as has the standard Bloch equation to the ordinary Schroedinger equation and can be used to generate a perturbation expansion compatible with the BS equation also for a quasi-degenerate model space.
description: Submitted to Canadian J of Physics
Graph Mixture Density Networks
Creators: name: Errica, Federico
name: Bacciu, Davide
name: Micheli, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the Graph Mixture Density Networks, a new family of machine learning models that can fit multimodal output distributions conditioned on graphs of arbitrary topology. By combining ideas from mixture models and graph representation learning, we address a broader class of challenging conditional density estimation problems that rely on structured data. In this respect, we evaluate our method on a new benchmark application that leverages random graphs for stochastic epidemic simulations. We show a significant improvement in the likelihood of epidemic outcomes when taking into account both multimodality and structure. The empirical analysis is complemented by two real-world regression tasks showing the effectiveness of our approach in modeling the output prediction uncertainty. Graph Mixture Density Networks open appealing research opportunities in the study of structure-dependent phenomena that exhibit non-trivial conditional output distributions.
"Erziehung zur Befreiung und Gemeinschaft" - Die Vollversammlung in Djakarta 1975 als pädagogische und theologische Herausforderung der Kirchen
Creators: name: Nipkow, Karl Ernst
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 1
LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION
Creators: name: Alderman, Harold
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Kinsey, Bill
name: Alderman, Harold
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Kinsey, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines the impact of preschool malnutrition on subsequent human capital formation in rural Zimbabwe using a maternal fixed effects-instrumental variables (MFE-IV) estimator with a long-term panel data set. Representations of civil war and drought "shocks" are used to identify differences in preschool nutritional status across siblings. Improvements in height-for-age in preschoolers are associated with increased height as a young adult and number of grades of schooling completed. Had the median preschool child in this sample had the stature of a median child in a developed country, by adolescence, she would be 4.6 centimeters taller and would have completed an additional 0.7 grades of schooling.
Airy gas model: From three to reduced dimensions
Creators: name: Bencheikh, K.
name: Putaja, A.
name: Rasanen, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the propagator of linear potential as a main tool, we extend the Airy gas model, originally developed for the three-dimensional ($d=3$) edge electron gas, to systems in reduced dimensions ($d=2,1$). First, we derive explicit expressions for the edge particle density and the corresponding kinetic energy density (KED) of the Airy gas model in all dimensions. The densities are shown to obey the local virial theorem. We obtain a functional relationship between the positive KED and the particle density and its gradients and analyze the results inside the bulk as a limit of the local-density approximation. We show that in this limit the KED functional reduces to that of the Thomas-Fermi model in $d$ dimensions.
THE HOLISTIC TAPESTRY - EXPLORING JAPAN'S COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO CHILDREN'S FORMAL EDUCATION
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Holistic Education
Japanese Formal Education
Cognitive Development
Ethical Education
Technology Integration
Early Childhood Education
Project-Based Learning
Parental Involvement
Kanji Writing Skills
Continuous Teacher Training

description: This article delves into the multifaceted landscape of formal education for children in Japan, spotlighting the nation's holistic approach. From cognitive development strategies and the integration of natural resources to ethical education, technology integration, and continuous teacher training, Japan's educational philosophy intertwines various dimensions. The article explores the unique emphasis on early childhood education, literacy development, and the role of parents in collaborative efforts. Project-Based Learning, technology's pivotal role, and the development of Kanji writing skills are also discussed. The comprehensive approach reflects Japan's commitment to preparing well-rounded individuals, equipped not only with academic proficiency but also with the skills and values crucial for active participation in an evolving global society.

 

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der vielfältigen Landschaft der formalen Bildung für Kinder in Japan und beleuchtet den ganzheitlichen Ansatz des Landes. Von kognitiven Entwicklungsstrategien und der Integration natürlicher Ressourcen bis hin zu ethischer Bildung, Technologieintegration und kontinuierlicher Lehrerausbildung sind in Japans Bildungsphilosophie verschiedene Dimensionen miteinander verknüpft. Der Artikel untersucht den besonderen Schwerpunkt auf frühkindlicher Bildung, der Entwicklung der Lese- und Schreibfähigkeit und der Rolle der Eltern bei gemeinsamen Bemühungen. Projektbasiertes Lernen, die zentrale Rolle der Technologie und die Entwicklung von Kanji-Schreibfähigkeiten werden ebenfalls besprochen. Der umfassende Ansatz spiegelt Japans Engagement für die Ausbildung vielseitiger Persönlichkeiten wider, die nicht nur über akademische Kompetenzen, sondern auch über die Fähigkeiten und Werte verfügen, die für die aktive Teilnahme an einer sich entwickelnden globalen Gesellschaft entscheidend sind.
Structure and Isotropy of Lattice Pressure Tensors for Multi-range Potentials
Creators: name: Lulli, Matteo
name: Biferale, Luca
name: Falcucci, Giacomo
name: Sbragaglia, Mauro
name: Shan, Xiaowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically analyze the tensorial structure of the lattice pressure tensors for a class of multi-phase lattice Boltzmann models (LBM) with multi-range interactions. Due to lattice discrete effects, we show that the built-in isotropy properties of the lattice interaction forces are not necessarily mirrored in the corresponding lattice pressure tensor. This finding opens a different perspective for constructing forcing schemes, achieving the desired isotropy in the lattice pressure tensors via a suitable choice of multi-range potentials. As an immediate application, the obtained LBM forcing schemes are tested via numerical simulations of non-ideal equilibrium interfaces and are shown to yield weaker and less spatially extended spurious currents with respect to forcing schemes obtained by forcing isotropy requirements only. From a general perspective, the proposed analysis yields an approach for implementing forcing symmetries, never explored so far in the framework of the Shan-Chen method for LBM. We argue this will be beneficial for future studies of non-ideal interfaces.
description: 14 pages + Appendix, 8 figures; updated to published version: added figures and text
Rizosceras Hyatt 1884
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratidae
Rizosceras

description: Genus Rizosceras Hyatt, 1884
Type species
Orthoceras indocile Barrande, 1866 from Kocorc, Bohemia, Czech Republic, Middle Silurian; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Compressed, rapidly enlarging, straight to faintly curved brevicones with hyponomic sinus and distinct, faintly rugose transverse surficial ornament; siphuncle ventrally positioned near conch margin; septal necks cyrtochoanitic; siphuncular segments cardioid in dorsoventral section. (Adopted from Sweet 1964b.)
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 92, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
[O III] emission line in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Creators: name: Bian, Weihao
name: Yuan, Qirong
name: Zhao, Yongheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three sets of two-component profiles are used to simultaneously model the [O III]$λλ$4959, 5007 and H$β$ lines for the Fe II-subtracted spectra of 149 narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLSls) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Using the linewidth of the narrow/core component of [O III]$λ$5007 to trace the stellar velocity dispersion instead of using the total linewidth of [O III]$λ$5007, we found that the SDSS NLSls are still deviated from the $M_{bh}-σ$ relation found in the nearby inactive galaxies, suggesting that the linewidth of the [O III] narrow/core component is likely not a good tracer of bulge velocity dispersion in NLSls, since some other studies indicate that NLS1s, like other AGN, should follow the $M_{bh}-σ$ relation. If we assume that the [O III]5007/H$β_{n}$ line ratio emitted in narrow line region ranges from one to ten, 63 objects are found to satisfied with this criterion and their H$β$ broad components should be used to calculate their virial black hole masses. These 63 objects are statically consistent with the $M_{bh}-σ_{[O III]}$ relation. With the Chandra observation of some SDSS NLSls, for one object in these 63 objects, J143030.22-001115.1, we found that it can't be classified as a genuine NLS1. Its narrow component of H$β$ is coming from narrow line regions (NLRs). This is consistent with its very flat hard X-ray spectrum found by williams et al. (2004).
description: 5 pages, 2 figurs, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Energy-momentum for Randall-Sundrum models
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Zhang, Li-Jie
name: Wang, Yong-Qiang
name: Duan, Yi-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conservation law of energy-momentum for Randall-Sundrum models by the general displacement transform. The energy-momentum current has a superpotential and are therefore identically conserved. It is shown that for Randall-Sundrum solution, the momentum vanishes and most of the bulk energy is localized near the Planck brane. The energy density is $ε= ε_0 e^{-3k \mid y \mid}$.
description: 13 pages, no figures, v4: introduction and new conclusion added, v5: 11 pages, title changed and references added, accepted by Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Error reduction and control algorithms for MPEG-2 video transport over IP networks
Creators: name: Lam, Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: MPEG-2 multimedia transmission over IP networks is becoming a viable solution for high quality multimedia delivery. The MPEG-2 coding algorithm is very sensitive to channel disturbances because a single bit error in the video bitstream can cause serious video quality degradation due to error propagation. For an IP network, packet loss is the major source of errors. According to the encapsulation of the MPEG-2 data, a packet loss can cause the loss of a whole picture. As a result, the impact of a single packet loss is much more serious than that of the traditional single bit error effect. In this project, an IP testbed is set up to study the packet loss effect on the MPEG-2 video stream. By analyzing this packet loss effect and the prioritized nature of the MPEG-2 data structure, several error reduction algorithms are proposed and implemented into this testbed. Firstly, the probability of losing packets and the importance of different types of MPEG-2 data are analyzed, and the error tolerance of different MPEG-2 data is derived. Given the results, three different duplication of picture header algorithms are proposed and implemented. Besides, two error concealment algorithms are also proposed: picture replacement and slice replacement. Both subjective (MOS) and objective (PSNR) measurements are taken and analyzed. Analysis of the pros and cons of the above algorithms leads to the introduction of a hybrid error reduction algorithm. This hybrid error reduction algorithm improves the video quality in an acceptable way by minimizing the picture hesitation, flickering, motion blurring and block artifacts caused by the IP packet loss.
Predictive Monitoring with Logic-Calibrated Uncertainty for Cyber-Physical Systems
Creators: name: Ma, Meiyi
name: Stankovic, John
name: Bartocci, Ezio
name: Feng, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Predictive monitoring -- making predictions about future states and monitoring if the predicted states satisfy requirements -- offers a promising paradigm in supporting the decision making of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Existing works of predictive monitoring mostly focus on monitoring individual predictions rather than sequential predictions. We develop a novel approach for monitoring sequential predictions generated from Bayesian Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) that can capture the inherent uncertainty in CPS, drawing on insights from our study of real-world CPS datasets. We propose a new logic named \emph{Signal Temporal Logic with Uncertainty} (STL-U) to monitor a flowpipe containing an infinite set of uncertain sequences predicted by Bayesian RNNs. We define STL-U strong and weak satisfaction semantics based on if all or some sequences contained in a flowpipe satisfy the requirement. We also develop methods to compute the range of confidence levels under which a flowpipe is guaranteed to strongly (weakly) satisfy an STL-U formula. Furthermore, we develop novel criteria that leverage STL-U monitoring results to calibrate the uncertainty estimation in Bayesian RNNs. Finally, we evaluate the proposed approach via experiments with real-world datasets and a simulated smart city case study, which show very encouraging results of STL-U based predictive monitoring approach outperforming baselines.
description: This article appears as part of the ESWEEK-TECS special issue and was presented in the International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT), 2021
The mixed problem in L^p for some two-dimensional Lipschitz domains
Creators: name: Lanzani, Loredana
name: Capogna, Luca
name: Brown, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25

description: We consider the mixed problem for the Laplace operator in a class of Lipschitz graph domains in two dimensions with Lipschitz constant at most 1. The boundary of the domain is decomposed into two disjoint sets D and N. We suppose the Dirichlet data, f_D has one derivative in L^p(D) of the boundary and the Neumann data is in L^p(N). We find conditions on the domain and the sets D and N so that there is a p_0>1 so that for p in the interval (1,p_0), we may find a unique solution to the mixed problem and the gradient of the solution lies in L^p.
Resolving the nonequilibrium Kondo singlet in energy- and position-space using quantum measurements
Creators: name: Erpenbeck, André
name: Cohen, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kondo effect, a hallmark of strong correlation physics, is characterized by the formation of an extended cloud of singlet states around magnetic impurities at low temperatures. While many implications of the Kondo cloud's existence have been verified, the existence of the singlet cloud itself has not been directly demonstrated. We suggest a route for such a demonstration by considering an observable that has no classical analog, but is still experimentally measurable: "singlet weights", or projections onto particular entangled two-particle states. Using approximate theoretical arguments, we show that it is possible to construct highly specific energy- and position-resolved probes of Kondo correlations. Furthermore, we consider a quantum transport setup that can be driven away from equilibrium by a bias voltage. There, we show that singlet weights are enhanced by voltage even as the Kondo effect is weakened by it. This exposes a patently nonequilibrium mechanism for the generation of Kondo-like entanglement that is inherently different from its equilibrium counterpart.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Nonlinear Perpendicular Diffusion in Strong Turbulent Electromagnetic Fields
Creators: name: Stawicki, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonlinear description for perpendicular particle diffusion in strong electromagnetic fluctuations is developed by using the fundamental Newton-Lorentz equation. Although not based on the same approach, the recently presented nonlinear guiding center (NLGC) theory is recovered as a special case. The approach used here is rather based on the argument that a well defined particle gyromotion does not exist in strong fluctuations than on the assumption that the particle gyrocenter follows magnetic field lines which themselves separate diffusively. The assumption of a guiding center motion and the diffusive separation of magnetic field lines is absolutely central to the NLGC theory. It is argued that the NLGC result should provide most accurate results for strong fluctuations. Furthermore, as a direct consequence of the particle equation of motion, it is shown that particle diffusion in one perpendicular direction is governed by the fluctuations in the other normal direction. This results contradicts the NLGC result, where perpendicular diffusion is triggered by fluctuations in the same direction. This is of particular interest for anisotropic perpendicular diffusion in a non-axisymmetric turbulence. Future numerical simulation results for non-axisymmetric magnetic turbulence and their comparison with the approach presented here and the NLGC theory have to provide an answer whether particle diffusion in one perpendicular direction is governed by the fluctuations in the other normal direction or by fluctuations in the same direction.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication in Adv. Space Res
Estimating the Effects of U.S. Distortions in the Ethanol Market Using a Partial Equilibrium Trade Model
Creators: name: Martinez-Gonzalez, Ariadna
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Thompson, Stanley R.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, Ariadna
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Thompson, Stanley R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper we assess the impact of the elimination of trade distortions on imports from Brazil to the U.S. For this purpose, we estimate a partial equilibrium trade model - an ethanol export supply function for Brazil and an ethanol import demand function for the U.S.-, based on annual data from 1975 to 2006, and use the results to compute a 'back-of-the-envelope' measure of the deadweight loss derived from those trade distortions as well as one derived from producing the 35 billion gallons proposed in the 'Twenty in Ten' 2007 State of the Union Policy Initiative assuming the distortions are not eliminated. Two-stage least squares is used to estimate both functions, the world price of ethanol being treated as endogenous. This paper supports the idea that the U.S. and Brazil would reap gains from trade if trade distortions were eliminated.
Counting growth types of automorphisms of free groups
Creators: name: Levitt, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E05, 20F65

description: Given an automorphism of a free group $F_n$, we consider the following invariants: $e$ is the number of exponential strata (an upper bound for the number of different exponential growth rates of conjugacy classes); $d$ is the maximal degree of polynomial growth of conjugacy classes; $R$ is the rank of the fixed subgroup. We determine precisely which triples $(e,d,R)$ may be realized by an automorphism of $F_n$. In particular, the inequality $e\le (3n-2)/4}$ (due to Levitt-Lustig) always holds. In an appendix, we show that any conjugacy class grows like a polynomial times an exponential under iteration of the automorphism.
description: final version, to appear in GAFA; proof of 3.1 simplified thanks to the referee
The Potential Economic Impact of Avian Flu Pandemic on Taiwan
Creators: name: Chang, Ching-Cheng
name: Lee, Duu-Hwa
name: Lin, Hsin-Chun
name: Hsu, Shih-Shun
name: Chang, Ching-Cheng
name: Lee, Duu-Hwa
name: Lin, Hsin-Chun
name: Hsu, Shih-Shun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Avian Flu Pandemic
subject: Input-output Model
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Model

description: This study analyzes the potential consequences of an outbreak of avian influenza (H5N1) on Taiwan¡¦s macro economy and individual industries. Both the Input-Output (IO) Analysis Model and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model are used to simulate the possible damage brought by lowering domestic consumption, export, and labor supply. The simulation results indicates that if the disease is confined within the poultry sector, then the impact on real GDP is around -0.1%~-0.4%. Once it becomes a human-to-human pandemic, the IO analysis suggests that the potential impacts on real GDP would be as much as -4.2%~-5.9% while labor demand would decrease 4.9%~6.4%. In the CGE analysis, which allows for resource mobility and substitutions through price adjustments, the real GDP and labor demand would contract 2.0%~2.4% and 2.2%~2.4%, respectively, and bringing down consumer prices by 3%. As for the individual sector, the outbreak will not only damage the poultry sector and its upstream and downstream industries, but also affect the service sectors including wholesale, retail, trade, air transportation, restaurants, as well as healthcare services. These results can be used to support public investment in animal disease control measures.
Going-up theorems for simultaneous Diophantine approximation
Creators: name: Schleischitz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J13, 11J83

description: We establish several new inequalities linking classical exponents of Diophantine approximation associated to a real vector $\underlineξ=(ξ,ξ^{2},\ldots,ξ^{N})$, in various dimensions $N$. We thereby obtain variants, and partly refinements, of recent results of Badziahin and Bugeaud. We further implicitly recover inequalities of Bugeaud and Laurent as special cases, with new proofs. Similar estimates concerning general real vectors (not on the Veronese curve) with $\mathbb{Q}$-linearly independent coordinates are addressed as well. Our method is based on Minkowski's Second Convex Body Theorem, applied in the framework of parametric geometry of numbers introduced by Schmidt and Summerer. We also frequently employ Mahler's Duality result on polar convex bodies.
description: 29 pages
Bilateral Protection and Other Determinants of Trade: A Gravity Model Approach
Creators: name: Vollrath, Thomas L.
name: Gehlhar, Mark J.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
name: Vollrath, Thomas L.
name: Gehlhar, Mark J.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Border protection is thought to be a major impediment to trade, especially in agriculture. There are also many other forces shaping the global network of partner trade. This study uses the generalized gravity framework to distinguish among the different drivers of trade. The analysis focuses on dyadic determinants that either resist or aid partner trade in total merchandise and in selected agricultural markets. The global dataset used consists of bilateral trade among 70 countries in 1986, 1996, 2000, and 2004. Collectively, the 70 countries account for 85 percent of the world’s cross-border trade in agriculture and 96 percent of its GDP. Empirical results lend support to the Heckscher-Ohlin explanation of trade, namely that relative factor endowments motivate cross-border trade. The results also show that tariff protection has not had an appreciable effect on either total merchandise or aggregate agricultural trade. However, trade in specific agricultural goods, such as meat and rice, was found to be severely constrained by the presence of bilateral tariffs.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 10/03/07.
When Should Uncertain Nonpoint Emissions be Penalized in a Trading Program?
Creators: name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Feng, Hongli
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Feng, Hongli
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agricultural pollution
subject: multiple inputs
subject: permit trading
subject: social optimality
subject: trading ratio
subject: water quality

description: When nonpoint source pollution is stochastic and the damage function is convex, intuition might suggest it is more important to control a nonpoint pollution source than a point source. Earlier research has provided sufficient conditions such that the permit price for a unit of ex-ante expected emissions should be higher than the permit price for a unit of certain emissions. Herein we provide a set of necessary and sufficient conditions such that this is the case. An approach to testing for the validity of the condition set is available, and has been applied to a related problem.
Phase diagram of S=1/2 two-leg XXZ spin ladder systems
Creators: name: Hijii, K.
name: Kitazawa, A.
name: Nomura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state phase diagram of the S=1/2 two-leg $XXZ$ spin ladder system with an isotropic interchain coupling. In this model, there is the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition which occurs at the XY-Haldane and the XY-rung singlet phase boundaries. It was difficult to determine the transition line using traditional methods. We overcome this difficulty using the level spectroscopy method combined with the twisted boundary condition method, and we check the consistency. We find out that the phase boundary between XY phase and Haldane phase lies on the $Δ=0$ line. And we show that there exist two different XY phases, which we can distinguish investigating a $XX$ correlation function.
Sphingomyelin lipids in mosquito salivary extracellular vesicles enhance flavivirus transmission and pathogenesis by remodelling the host lipidome to promote viral translation
Creators: name: Medkour, Hacene
name: Pruvost, Lauryne
name: Marti, Guillaume
name: Bertrand-Michel, Justine
name: Pompon, Julien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Flaviviruses, including DENV, ZIKV and WNV viruses, pose significant threats to global health, with mosquito saliva being a crucial player in their transmission. Mosquito transmission of flaviviruses to humans starts with infection of skin resident cells at the biting site. Here, we test the hypothesis that salivary lipids contained in mosquito extracellular vesicles (EVs) enhance flavivirus transmission. Using infection assays with different cell types and wild-type mice, we determine that mosquito EV-lipids enhance transmission for multiple flaviviruses. We then deploy lipidomics and several bio-molecular approaches to show how mosquito EV-lipids reconfigure host lipidome to promote viral translation. Eventually, we integrate lipidomics, lipid fractionation and various cell assays to pinpoint mosquito sphingomyelins (SMs) as the components responsible for the pro-viral effect. Removal of mosquito SMs using sphingomyelinase (SMase) abrogated the infection-enhancing effect of EV-lipids, firmly establishing SMs as responsible for infection enhancement. Furthermore, pre-treatment with SMase prevented infection enhancement by mosquito EV-lipids.  By discovering how mosquito salivary lipids contained in mosquito EVs enhance flavivirus transmission, our study unveils mosquito salivary lipids as a novel class of transmission-enhancing components for flaviviruses. This breakthrough opens a new dimension in the triangular interactions between hosts, mosquitoes and flaviviruses that determine transmission. More broadly, we highlight a hitherto unexplored impact of EVs on infections.
'Small' Broadband Providers: Where and Why?
Creators: name: Mahasuweerachai, Phumsith
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
name: Mahasuweerachai, Phumsith
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Using new data set of Federal Communication Commission, we model where small broadband providers choose to locate. When using all areas data, we find that even in term of small broadband providers, digital divide between rural and urban areas still exist. However, when we restrict data on areas previously depicted as no provider, rural areas seem to be an attractive target for small broadband providers. In addition, areas with high number of household but low number of business seem to be interested by small broadband provider especially rural areas. The results also suggest that USDA policies to increase broadband providers in rural area are ineffective.
Global Productivity Distribution and Trade in Processed Food Industries
Creators: name: Ruan, Jun
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Ruan, Jun
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: The emerging literature on firm heterogeneity suggests that trade liberalization raises industry average productivity by forcing its least productive firms to exit. Consequently, resources and market shares are reallocated toward the industry¡¯s more productive firms. We extend firm-heterogeneity models of international trade to a cross-country setting to investigate the effects of trade liberalization on global productivity distribution, and resource and market share reallocation in processed food industries. We approximate the global productivity distribution using a kernel density estimator in 5 processed food industries for every period during 1993-2000. We find that the global productivity distribution shifts to the right with liberalized international trade. Moreover, countries with faster productivity growth than the global average benefit from trade liberalization by acquiring a larger share of global markets and resources.
[Eastern Ojibwa notebook #16]
Creators: name: Bloomfield, Leonard
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: ojg
subject: Eastern Ojibwa language

description: Digital images of field notebook containing 10 texts organized by semantic content; 8 transcribed letters. Original dated 1940 or 1941 according to Nichols' note. (McGregor index #16)