cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance of explicit and IMEX MRI multirate methods on complex reactive flow problems within modern parallel adaptive structured grid frameworks
Creators: name: Loffeld, John J.
name: Nonaka, Andy
name: Reynolds, Daniel R.
name: Gardner, David J.
name: Woodward, Carol S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale multiphysics simulations are computationally challenging due to the coupling of multiple processes with widely disparate time scales. The advent of exascale computing systems exacerbates these challenges, since these enable ever increasing size and complexity. Recently, there has been renewed interest in developing multirate methods as a means to handle the large range of time scales, as these methods may afford greater accuracy and efficiency than more traditional approaches of using IMEX and low-order operator splitting schemes. However, there have been few performance studies that compare different classes of multirate integrators on complex application problems. We study the performance of several newly developed multirate infinitesimal (MRI) methods, implemented in the SUNDIALS solver package, on two reacting flow model problems built on structured mesh frameworks. The first model revisits the work of Emmet et al. (2014) on a compressible reacting flow problem with complex chemistry that is implemented using BoxLib but where we now include comparisons between a new explicit MRI scheme with the multirate spectral deferred correction (SDC) methods in the original paper. The second problem uses the same complex chemistry as the first problem, combined with a simplified flow model, but run at a large spatial scale where explicit methods become infeasible due to stability constraints. Two recently developed implicit-explicit MRI multirate methods are tested. These methods rely on advanced features of the AMReX framework on which the model is built, such as multilevel grids and multilevel preconditioners. The results from these two problems show that MRI multirate methods can offer significant performance benefits on complex multiphysics application problems and that these methods may be combined with advanced spatial discretization to compound the advantages of both.
Cycle decompositions in $k$-uniform hypergraphs
Creators: name: Lo, Allan
name: Piga, Simón
name: Sanhueza-Matamala, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C45, 05C65, 05D40

description: We show that $k$-uniform hypergraphs on $n$ vertices whose codegree is at least $(2/3 + o(1))n$ can be decomposed into tight cycles, subject to the trivial divisibility conditions. As a corollary, we show those graphs contain tight Euler tours as well. In passing, we also investigate decompositions into tight paths.
 In addition, we also prove an alternative condition for building absorbers for edge-decompositions of arbitrary $k$-uniform hypergraphs, which should be of independent interest.
description: v3: including referee comments. Accepted to JCTB
Left-right symmetry of finite finitistic dimension
Creators: name: Cummings, Charley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the finitistic dimension conjecture holds for all finite dimensional algebras if and only if, for all finite dimensional algebras, the finitistic dimension of an algebra being finite implies that the finitistic dimension of its opposite algebra is also finite. We also prove the equivalent statement for injective generation.
description: 11 pages
Development and Optimization of the Electrostatic Precipitator with Superhydrophobic Surface (EPSS) Mark II for Collection of Bioaerosols
Creators: name: Taewon Han
name: Fennell, Donna
name: Mainelis, Gediminas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biophysics

description: We recently developed an electrostatic collector for bioaerosols that electrostatically deposits biological particles onto a 3.2 mm electrode covered by a superhydrophobic substance. The deposited biological particles are removed and collected by rolling water droplets (20 or 40 micro-liter) which results in high concentration rates. The collector has been improved further by integrating it with an electrical charger. Here we describe the development and optimization of the charger and collection chamber, while maximizing collection efficiency and minimizing particle loss. The resulting sampler is made of static dissipative material (e.g., Delrin), is shaped as closed half cylinder and is integrated with a charger. The sampler's round top section contains eight carbon fiber brushes (ion sources to charge particles), while its flat bottom section holds a rectangular collection electrode (254 ċ 3.2 mm) made of pressed carbon fiber and coated with a superhydrophobic material. The optimized configuration of the EPSS Mark II had a collection efficiency of up to 84% when sampling airborne Escherichia coli at 10 L/min and for 10 min. The bacteria were accumulated in rolling water droplets as small as 20 micro-liters, and the sampler achieved sample concentration rates of up to 4.2 ċ 105/min. When the sampler was operated for a longer time period (60 min), its collection efficiency was 72%. The efficiency decrease was most likely due to a reduced particle removal from the electrode, but the difference was not statistically significant. Since the EPSS Mark II shows satisfactory collection efficiency and high sample concentration rate, it could serve as a basis for developing a field deployable version of the sampler.
Seamful XAI: Operationalizing Seamful Design in Explainable AI
Creators: name: Ehsan, Upol
name: Liao, Q. Vera
name: Passi, Samir
name: Riedl, Mark O.
name: Daume, Hal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mistakes in AI systems are inevitable, arising from both technical limitations and sociotechnical gaps. While black-boxing AI systems can make the user experience seamless, hiding the seams risks disempowering users to mitigate fallouts from AI mistakes. Instead of hiding these AI imperfections, can we leverage them to help the user? While Explainable AI (XAI) has predominantly tackled algorithmic opaqueness, we propose that seamful design can foster AI explainability by revealing and leveraging sociotechnical and infrastructural mismatches. We introduce the concept of Seamful XAI by (1) conceptually transferring "seams" to the AI context and (2) developing a design process that helps stakeholders anticipate and design with seams. We explore this process with 43 AI practitioners and real end-users, using a scenario-based co-design activity informed by real-world use cases. We found that the Seamful XAI design process helped users foresee AI harms, identify underlying reasons (seams), locate them in the AI's lifecycle, learn how to leverage seamful information to improve XAI and user agency. We share empirical insights, implications, and reflections on how this process can help practitioners anticipate and craft seams in AI, how seamfulness can improve explainability, empower end-users, and facilitate Responsible AI.
Matrix product states and the decay of quantum conditional mutual information
Creators: name: Svetlichnyy, Pavel
name: Mittal, Shivan
name: Kennedy, T. A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A uniform matrix product state defined on a tripartite system of spins, denoted by $ABC,$ is shown to be an approximate quantum Markov chain when the size of subsystem $B,$ denoted $|B|,$ is large enough. The quantum conditional mutual information (QCMI) is investigated and proved to be bounded by a function proportional to $\exp(-q(|B|-K)+2K\ln|B|)$, with $q$ and $K$ computable constants. The properties of the bounding function are derived by a new approach, with a corresponding improved value given for its asymptotic decay rate $q$. We show the improved value of $q$ to be optimal. Numerical investigations of the decay of QCMI are reported for a collection of matrix product states generated by selecting the defining isometry with respect to Haar measure.
description: 16+10 pages, 10 figures
Effective potential in non-perturbative gauge theories
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Frasca, Marco
name: Ghoshal, Anish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a formalism to describe the false-vacuum decay of a scalar field in gauge theories in non-perturbative regimes. We find that the larger the gauge coupling with respect to the self-coupling of the scalar, the shallower the local minimum of the unstable vacuum, to the point where it disappears. This offers the possibility to obtain a consistent picture of early universe cosmology: at high temperatures, a false-vacuum decay is strongly favoured and the universe naturally evolves towards a stable state.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics D
AID IMPRISONMENT: A REINTERPRETATION BASED ON CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES
Creators: name: Dinorá Carla De Oliveira Rocha Fernandes
name: RAIANE INGRID PEREIRA COSTA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This work will be a brief foreshortening on Social Security, their division, principles, and specifically in relation to the General Regime of Social Security, the benefit will be addressed aid seclusion, their characteristics, recipients, requirements for
granting finally all their specificities, as well as being a critical analysis of such institute, which is often used by the media to a criticism of the Social Security System, Brazilian in a totally misguided. It will demonstrate that it is a benefit that
divides opinion, but that contrary to what is preached, can not be considered an
"exchange bandit", because it is intended for dependents of the insured low income
that is taken to prison and this not.
Autonomous Marker-less Rapid Aerial Grasping
Creators: name: Bauer, Erik
name: Cangan, Barnabas Gavin
name: Katzschmann, Robert K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a future with autonomous robots, visual and spatial perception is of utmost importance for robotic systems. Particularly for aerial robotics, there are many applications where utilizing visual perception is necessary for any real-world scenarios. Robotic aerial grasping using drones promises fast pick-and-place solutions with a large increase in mobility over other robotic solutions. Utilizing Mask R-CNN scene segmentation (detectron2), we propose a vision-based system for autonomous rapid aerial grasping which does not rely on markers for object localization and does not require the appearance of the object to be previously known. Combining segmented images with spatial information from a depth camera, we generate a dense point cloud of the detected objects and perform geometry-based grasp planning to determine grasping points on the objects. In real-world experiments on a dynamically grasping aerial platform, we show that our system can replicate the performance of a motion capture system for object localization up to 94.5 % of the baseline grasping success rate. With our results, we show the first use of geometry-based grasping techniques with a flying platform and aim to increase the autonomy of existing aerial manipulation platforms, bringing them further towards real-world applications in warehouses and similar environments.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, accepted to IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2023. Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hbhAT4l90w
Statistics for Spatially Stratified Heterogeneous Data
Creators: name: Wang, Jinfeng
name: Haining, Robert
name: Zhang, Tonglin
name: Xu, Chengdong
name: Hu, Maogui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatial statistics is dominated by spatial autocorrelation (SAC) based Kriging and BHM, and spatial local heterogeneity based hotspots and geographical regression methods, appraised as the first and second laws of Geography (Tobler 1970; Goodchild 2004), respectively. Spatial stratified heterogeneity (SSH), the phenomena of a partition that within strata is more similar than between strata, examples are climate zones and landuse classes and remote sensing classification, is prevalent in geography and understood since ancient Greek, is surprisingly neglected in Spatial Statistics, probably due to the existence of hundreds of classification algorithms. In this article, we go beyond the classifications and disclose that SSH is the sources of sample bias, statistic bias, modelling confounding and misleading CI, and recommend robust solutions to overcome the negativity. In the meantime, we elaborate four benefits from SSH: creating identical PDF or equivalent to random sampling in stratum; the spatial pattern in strata, the borders between strata as a specific information for nonlinear causation; and general interaction by overlaying two spatial patterns. We developed the equation of SSH and discuss its context. The comprehensive investigation formulates the statistics for SSH, presenting a new principle and toolbox in spatial statistics.
Quantitative Steinitz Theorem: A polynomial bound
Creators: name: Ivanov, Grigory
name: Naszódi, Márton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The classical Steinitz theorem states that if the origin belongs to the interior of the convex hull of a set $S \subset \mathbb{R}^d$, then there are at most $2d$ points of $S$ whose convex hull contains the origin in the interior. Bárány, Katchalski, and Pach proved the following quantitative version of Steinitz's theorem. Let $Q$ be a convex polytope in $\mathbb{R}^d$ containing the standard Euclidean unit ball $\mathbf{B}^d$. Then there exist at most $2d$ vertices of $Q$ whose convex hull $Q^\prime$ satisfies \[ r \mathbf{B}^d \subset Q^\prime \] with $r\geq d^{-2d}$. They conjectured that $r\geq c d^{-1/2}$ holds with a universal constant $c>0$. We prove $r \geq \frac{1}{5d^2}$, the first polynomial lower bound on $r$. Furthermore, we show that $r$ is not be greater than $\frac{2}{\sqrt{d}}$.
description: Minor changes to previous version
LEGAL SECURITY, LEGITIMATE TRUST IN STATE AND PROTECTION OF BRAZILIAN FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS: CASE STUDY ON RESOLUTION NO. 04/2009 OF THE CHAMBER OF UNDERGRADUATE BOARD OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH OF THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA
Creators: name: Fábio Periandro De Almeida Hirsch
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: legitimate expectations
Epidemiological Agent-Based Modelling Software (Epiabm)
Creators: name: Gallagher, Kit
name: Bouros, Ioana
name: Fan, Nicholas
name: Hayman, Elizabeth
name: Heirene, Luke
name: Lamirande, Patricia
name: Lemenuel-Diot, Annabelle
name: Lambert, Ben
name: Gavaghan, David
name: Creswell, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Epiabm is a fully tested, open-source software package for epidemiological agent-based modelling, re-implementing the well-known CovidSim model from the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College London. It has been developed as part of the first-year training programme in the EPSRC SABS:R3 Centre for Doctoral Training at the University of Oxford. The model builds an age-stratified, spatially heterogeneous population and offers a modular approach to configure and run epidemic scenarios, allowing for a broad scope of investigative and comparative studies. Two simulation backends are provided: a pedagogical Python backend (with full functionality) and a high performance C++ backend for use with larger population simulations. Both are highly modular, with comprehensive testing and documentation for ease of understanding and extensibility. Epiabm is publicly available through GitHub at https://github.com/SABS-R3-Epidemiology/epiabm.
description: Submitted to Journal of Open Research Software
A Quantum Computing Approach for the Unit Commitment Problem
Creators: name: Halffmann, Pascal
name: Holzer, Patrick
name: Plociennik, Kai
name: Trebing, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68Q12, 90C27

description: Planning energy production is a challenging task due to its cost-sensitivity, fast-moving energy markets, uncertainties in demand, and technical constraints of power plants. Thus, more complex models of this so-called \emph{unit commitment problem (UCP)} have to be solved more rapidly, a task that probably can be solved more efficiently via quantum computing. In this article, we model a UCP with minimum running and idle times as a quadratic unconstrained optimization problem to solve it on quantum computing hardware. First experiments confirm the advantages of our formulation in terms of qubit usage and connectivity and most importantly solution quality.
description: Accepted at OR Proceedings 2022
Slow dynamics of a mobile impurity interacting with an Anderson insulator
Creators: name: Sierant, Piotr
name: Chanda, Titas
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dynamics of a single mobile impurity immersed in a bath of Anderson localized particles and focus on the regime of relatively strong disorder and interactions. In that regime, the dynamics of the system is particularly slow, suggesting, at short times, an occurrence of many-body localization. Considering longer time scales, we show that the latter is a transient effect and that, eventually, the impurity spreads sub-diffusively and induces a gradual delocalization of the Anderson insulator. The phenomenology of the system in the considered regime of slow dynamics includes a sub-diffusive growth of mean square displacement of the impurity, power-law decay of density correlation functions of the Anderson insulator and a power-law growth of entanglement entropy in the system. We observe a similar regime of slow dynamics also when the disorder in the system is replaced by a sufficiently strong quasi-periodic potential.
description: AAM version to be published in PRB
Evidence of abrupt changes in the orbital periods of two cataclysmic variables
Creators: name: Boyd, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report evidence from eclipse timing that two otherwise apparently normal cataclysmic variables have experienced abrupt changes in their orbital periods. The orbital period of HS 2325+8205 increased by 22.15 msec (1.3 x 10-6 of the orbital period) around 1 February 2011 and the orbital period of EP Dra increased by 4.51 msec (7.2 x 10-7 of the orbital period) around 7 December 2001. In neither case was there any apparent change in the subsequent behaviour of the system. These changes are currently unexplained.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of the British Astronomical Association
Realizing residually finite groups as subgroups of branch groups
Creators: name: Kionke, Steffen
name: Schesler, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E08, 43A07, 20E18, 20E26

description: We prove that every finitely generated, residually finite group $G$ embeds into a finitely generated perfect branch group $Γ$ such that many properties of $G$ are preserved under this embedding. Among those are the properties of being torsion, being amenable, and not containing a non-abelian free group. As an application we construct a finitely generated, non-amenable torsion branch group.
description: 12 pages. Comments welcome!
EVALUATION OF TGM2017 FOR HEIGHT SYSTEM USING GNSS/LEVELING DATA IN THAILAND
Creators: name: Puttipol Dumrongchai, Nuttanon Duangdee
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Thailand geoid model
Local geoid model
EGM2008
Kolak-1915
Orthometric heights
Airborne gravimetry
Gravity data.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 10, 10A10N: 1-10
Community politics in Arnhem Land - Maningrida and Galiwinku (1939-1978)
Creators: name: Benn, David
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 1994

description: The study of European and Aboriginal relations in the post contact era has been riddled with over-generalisation and over-simplification, the result more of subjective rather than empirical analysis. This dissertation represents an attempt, albeit limited to a specific context and time frame, to redress this imbalance. It is concerned with an historical comparison between Maningrida and Galiwinku - two remote coastal Aboriginal communities in Arnhem Land - between 1939 and 1978. It is based around a conflict model in which the clear-cut separation between the analytical concepts of domain and domain separation (or the more general perspective of Aboriginal resistance or accommodation to European domination) have limited applicability. The thesis focuses on the "turbulent muddy waters" of cross-cultural contact and the pragmatic political adaptation accompanying it. It concentrates on the historical evolution of Aboriginal cross-cultural intermediaries and their varying roles as cross-cultural facilitators. This theme is further developed by an analysis of the relationships evolving between dominant individuals across both cultures and the importance of social interaction and "bonding" often subsuming the economic domain. Another important theme concerns the influence of rapidly changing government policy (externally derived and imposed) and the impacts of ideologically opposed European enclaves in the mission and government settlement environments. The thesis concludes that there was considerable variation in the political response to the European presence in Maningrida and Galiwinku , even though both communities were similar in size and established roughly at the same time within the same geographical region. It is suggested that this sort of variation, centred around differing historical and cultural factors, is symptomatic of Aboriginal and European relations - especially this century - and makes generalisation about their political and social relations very difficult.
Straw bales for buildings: mechanical behaviour under compression
Creators: name: Maraldi, M.
name: Molari, G.
name: Molari, L.
name: Regazzi, N.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2017

description: The use of straw bales in construction is becoming increasingly widespread in the last years. Straw bale building offers advantages over the use of conventional materials in terms of sustainability, hygro-thermal insulation properties and ensures good mechanical properties. In this paper, a discussion on the behavior of single unrendered straw bales under compressive load is carried out. Starting from the data obtained from an extensive experimental campaign conducted on bales of several materials, a simple interpretation of the deformation of the bales under compression has been proposed.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 35 No 2 (2017): Special Issue - ICBBM 2017
Local-global divisibility on algebraic tori
Creators: name: Alessandrì, Jessica
name: Chirivì, Rocco
name: Paladino, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E72, 14G05, 11G35

description: We give a complete answer to the local-global divisibility problem for algebraic tori. In particular, we prove that given an odd prime $p$, if $T$ is an algebraic torus of dimension $r< p-1$ defined over a number field $k$, then the local-global divisibility by any power $p^n$ holds for $T(k)$. We also show that this bound on the dimension is best possible, by providing a counterexample of every dimension $r \geq p-1$. Finally, we prove that under certain hypotheses on the number field generated by the coordinates of the $p^n$-torsion point of $T$, the local-global divisibility still holds for tori of dimension less than $3(p-1)$.
Almost sure behavior of the critical points of random polynomials
Creators: name: Angst, Jürgen
name: Malicet, Dominique
name: Poly, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15, 60G57, 60B10

description: Let $(Z_k)_{k\geq 1}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed complex random variables with common distribution $μ$ and let $P_n(X):=\prod_{k=1}^n (X-Z_k)$ the associated random polynomial in $\mathbb C[X]$. In [Kab15], the author established the conjecture stated by Pemantle and Rivin in [PR13] that the empirical measure $ν_n$ associated with the critical points of $P_n$ converges weakly in probability to the base measure $μ$. In this note, we establish that the convergence in fact holds in the almost sure sense. Our result positively answers a question raised by Z. Kabluchko and formalized as a conjecture in the recent paper [MV22].
description: 16 pages
title: How does a storytelling intervention influence students' behaviour during a school overheating event
Creators: name: Gao, Yu
name: James, Patrick
name: Chater, Michael
name: Montazami, Azadeh
name: Gauthier, Stephanie
name: Turner, Philip
name: Aragon, Victoria
name: Teli, Despoina
name: Mittal, Trinabh
name: Manfren, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Thermal comfort, overheating, School, storytelling

description: A new story, 'The Hottest Day in School', was designed as a pre-heatwave intervention to enable children to have the confidence to change their behaviour in school, such as drinking more water during a heatwave. A control: intervention approach was taken for two schools, where 5 classes read the intervention story following an advanced high-temperature warning being issued. On the high-temperature day, researchers visited classes and asked children to complete a sticker task to reflect on 'my day' and 'my better day'. 13 stickers were available to choose from including actions (such as removing clothing) and thermal comfort statements (such as too hot). Sticker diaries of children in the intervention classrooms show a higher frequency of stickers which reflect the heatwave messaging in the story than control classrooms. KS2 intervention classroom children were found to be twice as likely to select heatwave messaging stickers (chi-square test, p=0.03).
title: The origin of kava
title: Mythe d'origine du kava
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: François, Alexandre
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mwotlap
subject: mlv
subject: text_and_corpus_linguistics

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Mythe d'origine du kava
Approximating Higher-Order Derivative Tensors Using Secant Updates
Creators: name: Welzel, Karl
name: Hauser, Raphael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C53, 65D25

description: Quasi-Newton methods employ an update rule that gradually improves the Hessian approximation using the already available gradient evaluations. We propose higher-order secant updates which generalize this idea to higher-order derivatives, approximating for example third derivatives (which are tensors) from given Hessian evaluations. Our generalization is based on the observation that quasi-Newton updates are least-change updates satisfying the secant equation, with different methods using different norms to measure the size of the change. We present a full characterization for least-change updates in weighted Frobenius norms (satisfying an analogue of the secant equation) for derivatives of arbitrary order. Moreover, we establish convergence of the approximations to the true derivative under standard assumptions and explore the quality of the generated approximations in numerical experiments.
AI model GPT-3 (dis)informs us better than humans
Creators: name: Spitale, Giovanni
name: Biller-Andorno, Nikola
name: Germani, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial intelligence is changing the way we create and evaluate information, and this is happening during an infodemic, which has been having dramatic effects on global health. In this paper we evaluate whether recruited individuals can distinguish disinformation from accurate information, structured in the form of tweets, and determine whether a tweet is organic or synthetic, i.e., whether it has been written by a Twitter user or by the AI model GPT-3. Our results show that GPT-3 is a double-edge sword, which, in comparison with humans, can produce accurate information that is easier to understand, but can also produce more compelling disinformation. We also show that humans cannot distinguish tweets generated by GPT-3 from tweets written by human users. Starting from our results, we reflect on the dangers of AI for disinformation, and on how we can improve information campaigns to benefit global health.
description: dataset and software: https://osf.io/9ntgf 29 pages, 4 figures, 13 supplementary figures
Evaluating Temporal Observation-Based Causal Discovery Techniques Applied to Road Driver Behaviour
Creators: name: Howard, Rhys
name: Kunze, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9; I.2.6; G.3

description: Autonomous robots are required to reason about the behaviour of dynamic agents in their environment. The creation of models to describe these relationships is typically accomplished through the application of causal discovery techniques. However, as it stands observational causal discovery techniques struggle to adequately cope with conditions such as causal sparsity and non-stationarity typically seen during online usage in autonomous agent domains. Meanwhile, interventional techniques are not always feasible due to domain restrictions. In order to better explore the issues facing observational techniques and promote further discussion of these topics we carry out a benchmark across 10 contemporary observational temporal causal discovery methods in the domain of autonomous driving. By evaluating these methods upon causal scenes drawn from real world datasets in addition to those generated synthetically we highlight where improvements need to be made in order to facilitate the application of causal discovery techniques to the aforementioned use-cases. Finally, we discuss potential directions for future work that could help better tackle the difficulties currently experienced by state of the art techniques.
description: 26 Pages = 13 Pages (Main Content) + 5 Pages (References) + 8 Pages (Appendix), 2 Figures, To be published in the Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning as part of the Journal of Machine Learning Research Workshop and Conference Proceedings series, Final submission version; Updated from initial to final submission version
Measurements of identified hadrons in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at 200 GeV
Creators: name: Belmont, Ron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: heavy ion physics
hadronization
RHIC
PHENIX

description: Doctoral Thesis of Ron Belmont, submitted to the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University on 2012-11-29 (graduation date 2012-12-15).
The divergence theorem and nonlocal counterparts
Creators: name: Hepp, Solveig
name: Kassmann, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B20, 35R09, 47G20

description: We present a new proof of the classical divergence theorem in bounded domains. Our proof is based on a nonlocal analog of the divergence theorem and a rescaling argument. Main ingredients in the proof are nonlocal versions of the divergence and the normal derivative. We employ these to provide definitions of well-known nonlocal concepts such as the fractional perimeter.
description: In the final version we have explained how to apply our proof of the divergence theorem to more general domains including polytopes. The article will be published in the Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
Exact Lagrangians in four-dimensional symplectisations
Creators: name: Rizell, Georgios Dimitroglou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we provide explicit constructions of exact Lagrangian embeddings of tori and Klein bottles inside the symplectisation of an overtwisted contact three-manifold. Note that any closed exact Lagrangian in the symplectisation is displaceable by a Hamiltonian isotopy. We also use positive loops to exhibit elementary examples of topologically linked Legendrians that are dynamically non-interlinked in the sense of Entov-Polterovich.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. Revised version. Theorem 1.7 has been generalised to arbitrary dimensions and its proof has been simplified
Granular binary mixtures improve energy dissipation efficiency of granular dampers
Creators: name: Varela-Rosales, Nydia Roxana
name: Santarossa, Angel
name: Engel, Michael
name: Pöschel, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular dampers are systems used to attenuate undesired vibrations produced by mechanical devices. They consist of cavities filled by granular particles. In this work, we consider a granular damper filled with a binary mixture of frictionless spherical particles of the same material but different size using numerical discrete element method simulations. We show that the damping efficiency is largely influenced by the composition of the binary mixture.
Towards New Liquid Crystal Phases of DNA mesogens
Creators: name: Gallagher, Kit
name: Yu, Jiaming
name: King, David A.
name: Liu, Ren
name: Eiser, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short, partially complementary, single-stranded (ss)DNA strands can form nanostructures with a wide variety of shapes and mechanical properties. It is well known that semiflexible, linear dsDNA can undergo an isotropic to nematic (IN) phase transition and that sufficiently bent structures can form a biaxial nematic phase. Here we use numerical simulations to explore how the phase behaviour of linear DNA constructs changes as we tune the mechanical properties of the constituent DNA by changing the nucleotide sequence. The IN phase transition can be suppressed in so-called DNA 'nunchakus': structures consisting of two rigid dsDNA arms, separated by a sufficiently flexible spacer. In this paper, we use simulations to explore what phase behavior to expect for different linear DNA constructs. To this end, we first performed numerical simulations exploring the structural properties of a number of different DNA oligonucleotides, using the oxDNA package. We then used the structural information generated in the oxDNA simulations to construct more coarse-grained models of the rodlike, bent-core, and nunchaku DNA. These coarse-grained models were used to explore the phase behavior of suspensions of the various DNA constructs. The approach explored in this paper makes it possible to 'design' the phase behavior of DNA constructs by a suitable choice of the constituent nucleotide sequence.
Evaluation of the Radius of Maximum Wind over the North Indian Basin with the help of Tropical Cyclone characteristics
Creators: name: Yadav, Monu
name: Das, Laxminarayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tropical Cyclones (TCs) have devastating effects on several coastal regions worldwide. Precautionary knowledge about TC characteristics such as wind direction, wind speed, epicenter position, condensed vapor pressure measure, and radius of maximum can be highly valuable in disaster management and economic planning. Existing literature has focused on TC wind direction, intensity, cloud shape, and epicenter position, but there has been limited research on estimation of the Radius of Maximum Wind (RMW). Accurate estimation of RMW is crucial as errors can significantly impact wind and storm surge assessments and forecasts. In this study, our objective is to determine the RMW over the North Indian Ocean (NIO). We chose this region due to its location surrounded by the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea, making it one of the six globally prominent areas prone to TCs. Our study is on the relationship between the center of the TC, the estimated pressure drop at the center, and the RMW, using historical observations and mathematical correlations. To address missing parameters in the best track database of the Indian Meteorological Department, we employ a local regression model. We validate the accuracy of our developed method using two statistical measures: error percentage and T-test. Numerous TC cases are discussed in the paper over the NIO. Our findings indicates that the suggested method exhibits an error percentage ranging from approximately $-63\%$ to $50\%$ when compared to the best track data provided by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). In contrast, the error percentages for two other references \cite{bib21, bib22} with the same best track data range from approximately $-26\%$ to $200\%$. Moreover, the T-test results demonstrate that our method outperforms than the other approaches in terms of statistical significance.
On Pleijel's nodal domain theorem for the Robin problem
Creators: name: Hassannezhad, Asma
name: Sher, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15, 58J50

description: We prove an improved Pleijel nodal domain theorem for the Robin eigenvalue problem. In particular we remove the restriction, imposed in previous work, that the Robin parameter be non-negative. We also improve the upper bound in the statement of the Pleijel theorem. In the particular example of a Euclidean ball, we calculate the explicit value of the Pleijel constant for a generic constant Robin parameter and we show that it is equal to the Pleijel constant for the Dirichlet Laplacian on a Euclidean ball.
description: 17 pages
Removal of dissolved and particulate contaminants from aqueous solution using natural flax fibres
Creators: name: Abbar, B.
name: Alem, A.
name: Pantet, A.
name: Marcotte, S.
name: Ahfir, N. D.
name: Duriatti, D.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this paper is to present the results of two different tests: (i) Batch experiment to quantify the sorption potential of flax fibre tows for lead ions from aqueous solution. The influence of contact time, pH, initial concentration, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process were studied. Results revealed that adsorption rate initially increased rapidly, and the optimal removal efficiency was reached within about 1h. The adsorption isotherms could be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 35 No 2 (2017): Special Issue - ICBBM 2017
Spin- and Momentum-Correlated Atom Pairs Mediated by Photon Exchange and Seeded by Vacuum Fluctuations
Creators: name: Finger, Fabian
name: Rosa-Medina, Rodrigo
name: Reiter, Nicola
name: Christodoulou, Panagiotis
name: Donner, Tobias
name: Esslinger, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering pairs of massive particles that are simultaneously correlated in their external and internal degrees of freedom is a major challenge, yet essential for advancing fundamental tests of physics and quantum technologies. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate a mechanism for generating pairs of atoms in well-defined spin and momentum modes. This mechanism couples atoms from a degenerate Bose gas via a superradiant photon-exchange process in an optical cavity, producing pairs via a single channel or two discernible channels. The scheme is independent of collisional interactions, fast and tunable. We observe a collectively enhanced production of pairs and probe interspin correlations in momentum space. We characterize the emergent pair statistics and find that the observed dynamics is consistent with being primarily seeded by vacuum fluctuations in the corresponding atomic modes. Together with our observations of coherent many-body oscillations involving well-defined momentum modes, our results offer promising prospects for quantum-enhanced interferometry and quantum simulation experiments using entangled matter waves.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Multi-Robot Planning on Dynamic Topological Graphs using Mixed-Integer Programming
Creators: name: Dimmig, Cora A.
name: Wolfe, Kevin C.
name: Moore, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Planning for multi-robot teams in complex environments is a challenging problem, especially when these teams must coordinate to accomplish a common objective. In general, optimal solutions to these planning problems are computationally intractable, since the decision space grows exponentially with the number of robots. In this paper, we present a novel approach for multi-robot planning on topological graphs using mixed-integer programming. Central to our approach is the notion of a dynamic topological graph, where edge weights vary dynamically based on the locations of the robots in the graph. We construct this graph using the critical features of the planning problem and the relationships between robots; we then leverage mixed-integer programming to minimize a shared cost that depends on the paths of all robots through the graph. To improve computational tractability, we formulated our optimization problem with a fully convex relaxation and designed our decision space around eliminating the exponential dependence on the number of robots. We test our approach on a multi-robot reconnaissance scenario, where robots must coordinate to minimize detectability and maximize safety while gathering information. We demonstrate that our approach is able to scale to a series of representative scenarios and is capable of computing optimal coordinated strategic behaviors for autonomous multi-robot teams in seconds.
description: \copyright 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Submanifolds with ample normal bundle
Creators: name: Luza, Maycol Falla
name: Loray, Frank
name: Pereira, Jorge Vitório
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M15, 32S65

description: We construct germs of complex manifolds of dimension $m$ along projective submanifolds of dimension $n$ with ample normal bundle and without non-constant meromorphic functions whenever $m \geq 2n$. We also show that our methods do not allow the construction of similar examples when $m < 2n$ by establishing an algebraicity criterion for foliations on projective spaces which generalizes a classical result by Van den Ven characterizing linear subspaces of projective spaces as the only submanifolds with split tangent sequence.
A study of distributionally robust mixed-integer programming with Wasserstein metric: on the value of incomplete data
Creators: name: Ketkov, Sergey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study addresses a class of linear mixed-integer programming (MILP) problems that involve uncertainty in the objective function parameters. The parameters are assumed to form a random vector, whose probability distribution can only be observed through a finite training data set. Unlike most of the related studies in the literature, we also consider uncertainty in the underlying data set. The data uncertainty is described by a set of linear constraints for each random sample, and the uncertainty in the distribution (for a fixed realization of data) is defined using a type-1 Wasserstein ball centered at the empirical distribution of the data. The overall problem is formulated as a three-level distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problem. First, we prove that the three-level problem admits a single-level MILP reformulation, if the class of loss functions is restricted to biaffine functions. Secondly, it turns out that for several particular forms of data uncertainty, the outlined problem can be solved reasonably fast by leveraging the nominal MILP problem. Finally, we conduct a computational study, where the out-of-sample performance of our model and computational complexity of the proposed MILP reformulation are explored numerically for several application domains.
description: 32 pages; minor mistakes are fixed in Definition 1
Classification of chiral fermionic CFTs of central charge $\le 16$
Creators: name: Smith, Philip Boyle
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
name: Tachikawa, Yuji
name: Zheng, Yunqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify two-dimensional purely chiral conformal field theories which are defined on two-dimensional surfaces equipped with spin structure and have central charge less than or equal to 16, and discuss their duality webs. This result can be used to confirm that the list of non-supersymmetric ten-dimensional heterotic string theories found in the late 1980s is complete and does not miss any exotic example.
description: 29+13 pages; v2: published version, with many improvements in presentation thanks to comments by the referees