cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Differential diagnosis and prognosis of small renal masses: association with collateral vessels detected using contrast-enhanced computed tomography
Creators: name: Yanagi, Masato
name: Kiriyama, Tomonari
name: Akatsuka, Jun
name: Endo, Yuki
name: Takeda, Hayato
name: Katsu, Akifumi
name: Honda, Yuichiro
name: Suzuki, Kyota
name: Nishikawa, Yoshihiro
name: Ikuma, Shunsuke
name: Mikami, Hikaru
name: Toyama, Yuka
name: Kimura, Go
name: Kondo, Yukihiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Phase sensitive information from a planar Josephson junction
Creators: name: Yuan, Andrew C.
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson tunneling across a planar junction generally depends on the relative twist angle, $θ$, between the two layers. However, if under a discrete rotation, the order parameter in one layer is odd and the other is even (as, e.g., for a $s$-wave to $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave junction under a $π/2$ rotation) then the bulk Josephson current vanishes for all $θ$. Even in this case, we show that for a finite junction, the Josephson current, $J$, has a nonzero edge contribution that depends on $θ$ and the orientation of the junction edges in ways that can serve as an unambiguous probe of the order parameter symmetry of any time-reversal preserving system (including multiband systems and those in which spin-orbit coupling is significant). We also analyze the microscopic considerations that determine the magnitude of $J$.
Origin and dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt
Creators: name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: Nesvorny, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroid belt was dynamically shaped during and after planet formation. Despite representing a broad ring of stable orbits, the belt contains less than one one-thousandth of an Earth mass. The asteroid orbits are dynamically excited with a wide range in eccentricity and inclination and their compositions are diverse, with a general trend toward dry objects in the inner belt and more water-rich objects in the outer belt. Here we review models of the asteroid belt's origins and dynamical history. The classical view is that the belt was born with several Earth masses in planetesimals, then strongly depleted. However, it is possible that very few planetesimals ever formed in the asteroid region and that the belt's story is one of implantation rather than depletion. A number of processes may have implanted asteroids from different regions of the Solar System, dynamically removed them, and excited their orbits. During the gaseous disk phase these include the effects of giant planet growth and migration and sweeping secular resonances. After the gaseous disk phase these include scattering from resident planetary embryos, chaos in the giant planets' orbits, the giant planet instability, and long-term dynamical evolution. Different global models for Solar System formation imply contrasting dynamical histories of the asteroid belt. Vesta and Ceres may have been implanted from opposite regions of the Solar System -- Ceres from the Jupiter-Saturn region and Vesta from the terrestrial planet region -- and could therefore represent very different formation conditions.
description: Chapter to appear in Vesta and Ceres: Insights into the Dawn of the Solar System (Cambridge U. Press; Editors Simone Marchi, Carol A. Raymond, and Christopher T. Russell). Updated figures
Tensor-Networks-based Learning of Probabilistic Cellular Automata Dynamics
Creators: name: Casagrande, Heitor P.
name: Xing, Bo
name: Munro, William J.
name: Guo, Chu
name: Poletti, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithms developed to solve many-body quantum problems, like tensor networks, can turn into powerful quantum-inspired tools to tackle problems in the classical domain. In this work, we focus on matrix product operators, a prominent numerical technique to study many-body quantum systems, especially in one dimension. It has been previously shown that such a tool can be used for classification, learning of deterministic sequence-to-sequence processes and of generic quantum processes. We further develop a matrix product operator algorithm to learn probabilistic sequence-to-sequence processes and apply this algorithm to probabilistic cellular automata. This new approach can accurately learn probabilistic cellular automata processes in different conditions, even when the process is a probabilistic mixture of different chaotic rules. In addition, we find that the ability to learn these dynamics is a function of the bit-wise difference between the rules and whether one is much more likely than the other.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Learning goals and perceived irrelevance to major within life science majors in introductory physics
Creators: name: Mason, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous study, students' self-expressed learning orientations towards an exercise centered on self-monitoring one's ability to solve a pre-lab physics problem were identified from a post-test feedback survey given to an introductory algebra-based physics student population spanning six measured semesters, and examined as a potential variable in course performance, force and motion conceptual understanding, and attitudes towards learning physics. The sampled population, which primarily consists of life science majors, was also asked in the same feedback survey to discuss what portion or portions of the course were relevant to their respective choices of major. In this study, we examine the fact that about 50 students out of 218 sampled students, or 23% of the sample population, explicitly stated that they perceived no relevance at all of the course to their respective majors, whereas the other 168 students cited portions of the course or the entirety of the course as being relevant to their majors. A follow-up investigation of perceived relevance versus irrelevance shows that attitudes towards physics will experience more expert-like shifts for students who perceive relevance than students who do not; in particular, the attitudinal survey's item clusters that pertain to personal interest and real-world connections appear to show the strongest effect. Further examination showed that biology majors and health science majors (two distinctive sub-populations of life science majors) show similar pre-post trends for relevance vs. irrelevance perceptions, whereas students with a performance achievement goal appeared to bifurcate between a novice-like shift for perceived irrelevance and no attitudinal shift from pre to post for perceived relevance. Discussion includes emphasis on limitations imposed by institution type among other factors.
description: 6 pages, 5 tables, 2019 Physics Education Research Conference
Additional file 1 of Health insurance coverage in Ethiopia: financial protection in the Era of sustainable development goals (SDGs)
Creators: name: Merga, Bedasa Taye
name: Balis, Bikila
name: Bekele, Habtamu
name: Fekadu, Gelana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The Return of the Singularities: Applications of the Smeared Null Energy Condition
Creators: name: Freivogel, Ben
name: Kontou, Eleni-Alexandra
name: Krommydas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classic singularity theorems of General Relativity rely on energy conditions that can be violated in semiclassical gravity. Here, we provide motivation for an energy condition obeyed by semiclassical gravity: the smeared null energy condition (SNEC), a proposed bound on the weighted average of the null energy along a finite portion of a null geodesic. We then prove a semiclassical singularity theorem using SNEC as an assumption. This theorem extends the Penrose theorem to semiclassical gravity. We also apply our bound to evaporating black holes and the traversable wormhole of Maldacena-Milekhin-Popov, and comment on the relationship of our results to other proposed semiclassical singularity theorems.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Xenograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was associated with high graft processing infection
Creators: name: Merwe, Willem Van Der
name: Lind, Martin
name: Faunø, Peter
name: Egmond, Kees Van
name: Zaffagnini, Stefano
name: Marcacci, Maurilio
name: Cugat, Ramon
name: Verdonk, Rene
name: Ibañez, Enrique
name: Guillen, Pedro
name: Muccioli, Giulio Maria Marcheggiani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
How should AI decisions be explained? Requirements for Explanations from the Perspective of European Law
Creators: name: Fresz, Benjamin
name: Dubovitskaya, Elena
name: Brajovic, Danilo
name: Huber, Marco
name: Horz, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the relationship between law and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). While there is much discussion about the AI Act, for which the trilogue of the European Parliament, Council and Commission recently concluded, other areas of law seem underexplored. This paper focuses on European (and in part German) law, although with international concepts and regulations such as fiduciary plausibility checks, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and product safety and liability. Based on XAI-taxonomies, requirements for XAI-methods are derived from each of the legal bases, resulting in the conclusion that each legal basis requires different XAI properties and that the current state of the art does not fulfill these to full satisfaction, especially regarding the correctness (sometimes called fidelity) and confidence estimates of XAI-methods.
 Published in the Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society https://doi.org/10.1609/aies.v7i1.31648 .
Evolution of circumstellar discs in young star-forming regions
Creators: name: Concha-Ramírez, Francisca
name: Wilhelm, Martijn J. C
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of circumstellar discs is influenced by their surroundings. The relevant processes include external photoevaporation due to nearby stars, and dynamical truncations. The impact of these processes on disc populations depends on the star-formation history and on the dynamical evolution of the region. Since star formation history and the phase-space characteristics of the stars are important for the evolution of the discs, we start simulating the evolution of the star cluster with the results of molecular cloud collapse simulations. In the simulation we form stars with circumstellar discs, which can be affected by different processes. Our models account for the viscous evolution of the discs, internal and external photoevaporation of gas, external photoevaporation of dust, and dynamical truncations. All these processes are resolved together with the dynamical evolution of the cluster, and the evolution of the stars. An extended period of star formation, lasting for at least 2 Myr, results in some discs being formed late. These late formed discs have a better chance of survival because the cluster gradually expands with time, and a lower local stellar density reduces the effects of photoevaporation and dynamical truncation. Late formed discs can then be present in regions of high UV radiation, solving the proplyd lifetime problem. We also find a considerable fraction of discs that lose their gas content, but remain sufficiently rich in solids to be able to form a rocky planetary system.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 15 pages, 12 figures
Explainable AI for Fair Sepsis Mortality Predictive Model
Creators: name: Chang, Chia-Hsuan
name: Wang, Xiaoyang
name: Yang, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial intelligence supports healthcare professionals with predictive modeling, greatly transforming clinical decision-making. This study addresses the crucial need for fairness and explainability in AI applications within healthcare to ensure equitable outcomes across diverse patient demographics. By focusing on the predictive modeling of sepsis-related mortality, we propose a method that learns a performance-optimized predictive model and then employs the transfer learning process to produce a model with better fairness. Our method also introduces a novel permutation-based feature importance algorithm aiming at elucidating the contribution of each feature in enhancing fairness on predictions. Unlike existing explainability methods concentrating on explaining feature contribution to predictive performance, our proposed method uniquely bridges the gap in understanding how each feature contributes to fairness. This advancement is pivotal, given sepsis's significant mortality rate and its role in one-third of hospital deaths. Our method not only aids in identifying and mitigating biases within the predictive model but also fosters trust among healthcare stakeholders by improving the transparency and fairness of model predictions, thereby contributing to more equitable and trustworthy healthcare delivery.
description: Accepted to the 22nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME'24)
Additional file 4 of Segmentation, tracking and cell cycle analysis of live-cell imaging data with Cell-ACDC
Creators: name: Padovani, Francesco
name: Mairhörmann, Benedikt
name: Falter-Braun, Pascal
name: Lengefeld, Jette
name: Schmoller, Kurt M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. Comparison between Cell-ACDC automatic separation algorithm and classic distance transform plus watershed.
Additional file 1 of Health insurance coverage in Ethiopia: financial protection in the Era of sustainable cevelopment goals (SDGs)
Creators: name: Merga, Bedasa Taye
name: Balis, Bikila
name: Bekele, Habtamu
name: Fekadu, Gelana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Bosonic Indistinguishability-Dependent Contextuality
Creators: name: Asadian, Ali
name: Cabello, Adán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover a form of quantum contextuality that connects maximal contextuality to boson indistinguihability in a similar way maximal nonlocality with respect to the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt Bell inequality is connected to maximal entanglement. Unlike previous forms of photonic contextuality, this form cannot be simulated with classical light, as it relies on indistinguishability and higher-order interference. Ideal measurements on the bosonic system can be performed by means of dispersive coupling with an ancillary qubit. This allows us delaying at will the ending of each measurement and targeting high-dimensional contextual correlations, which are features which cannot be achieved with existing platforms.
description: 5+4 pages, 2 figures
Temporal Entanglement Barriers in Dual-Unitary Clifford Circuits with Measurements
Creators: name: Yao, Jiangtian
name: Claeys, Pieter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study temporal entanglement in dual-unitary Clifford circuits with probabilistic measurements preserving spatial unitarity. We exactly characterize the temporal entanglement barrier in the measurement-free regime, exhibiting ballistic growth and decay and a volume-law peak. In the presence of measurements, we relate the temporal entanglement to the scrambling properties of the circuit. For "good scramblers" measurements do not qualitatively change the temporal entanglement profile but only result in a reduced entanglement velocity, whereas for "poor scramblers" the initial ballistic growth of temporal entanglement with bath size is modified to diffusive. This difference is understood through a mapping of the underlying operator dynamics to a biased and an unbiased persistent random walk respectively. In the latter case measurements additionally modify the ballistic decay to the perfect dephaser limit, with vanishing temporal entanglement, to an exponential decay, which we describe through a spatial transfer matrix method. This spatial dynamics is shown to be described by a non-Hermitian hopping model, exhibiting a PT-breaking transition at a critical measurement rate $p=1/2$. In all cases the peak value of the temporal entanglement barrier exhibits volume-law scaling for all measurement rates.
Annex C Information Sheet 1.05 Cleaning, Disinfection And Disinfestation (Sanitation) Of Facilities, Tools And Machinery
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority Plant Health Panel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pest control
subject: Pest management
subject: quarantine
subject: effectiveness
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C587

description: Annex C Information sheet 1.05

Cleaning, disinfection and disinfestation (sanitation) of facilities, tools and machinery

This information sheet is part of Annex C (Standardised checklist of risk reduction options) supporting document to the draft Guidance of the EFSA Plant Health Panel on quantitative pest risk assessment under public consultation (http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/consultations/call/180212-0)

The physical and chemical cleaning and disinfection of facilities, tools, machinery, transport means, facilities and other accessories (e.g., boxes, pots, pallets, palox, supports, hand tools). The measures addressed in this information sheet are: washing, sweeping and fumigation.
description: Contact email:  ALPHA@efsa.europa.eu
ActSonic: Recognizing Everyday Activities from Inaudible Acoustic Wave Around the Body
Creators: name: Mahmud, Saif
name: Parikh, Vineet
name: Liang, Qikang
name: Li, Ke
name: Zhang, Ruidong
name: Ajit, Ashwin
name: Gunda, Vipin
name: Agarwal, Devansh
name: Guimbretière, François
name: Zhang, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present ActSonic, an intelligent, low-power active acoustic sensing system integrated into eyeglasses that can recognize 27 different everyday activities (e.g., eating, drinking, toothbrushing) from inaudible acoustic waves around the body. It requires only a pair of miniature speakers and microphones mounted on each hinge of the eyeglasses to emit ultrasonic waves, creating an acoustic aura around the body. The acoustic signals are reflected based on the position and motion of various body parts, captured by the microphones, and analyzed by a customized self-supervised deep learning framework to infer the performed activities on a remote device such as a mobile phone or cloud server. ActSonic was evaluated in user studies with 19 participants across 19 households to track its efficacy in everyday activity recognition. Without requiring any training data from new users (leave-one-participant-out evaluation), ActSonic detected 27 activities, achieving an average F1-score of 86.6% in fully unconstrained scenarios and 93.4% in prompted settings at participants' homes.
description: Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, Volume 8, Issue 4, November 2024, IMWUT/UbiComp 2025
Additional file 5 of Segmentation, tracking and cell cycle analysis of live-cell imaging data with Cell-ACDC
Creators: name: Padovani, Francesco
name: Mairhörmann, Benedikt
name: Falter-Braun, Pascal
name: Lengefeld, Jette
name: Schmoller, Kurt M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 5. Cell-ACDC User manual. User manual with detailed explanation on how to use every module of Cell-ACDC.
Delensing the CMB with the cosmic infrared background: the impact of foregrounds
Creators: name: Lizancos, Antón Baleato
name: Challinor, Anthony
name: Sherwin, Blake D.
name: Namikawa, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most promising avenue for detecting primordial gravitational waves from cosmic inflation is through measurements of degree-scale CMB $B$-mode polarisation. This approach must face the challenge posed by gravitational lensing of the CMB, which obscures the signal of interest. Fortunately, the lensing effects can be partially removed by combining high-resolution $E$-mode measurements with an estimate of the projected matter distribution. For near-future experiments, the best estimate of the latter will arise from co-adding internal reconstructions (derived from the CMB itself) with external tracers such as the cosmic infrared background (CIB). In this work, we characterise how foregrounds impact the delensing procedure when CIB intensity, $I$, is used as the matter tracer. We find that higher-point functions of the CIB and Galactic dust such as $\langle BEI \rangle_{c}$ and $\langle EIEI \rangle_{c}$ can, in principle, bias the power spectrum of delensed $B$-modes. To quantify these, we first estimate the dust residuals in currently-available CIB maps and upcoming, foreground-cleaned Simons Observatory CMB data. Then, using non-Gaussian simulations of Galactic dust -- extrapolated to the relevant frequencies, assuming the spectral index of polarised dust emission to be fixed at the value determined by Planck -- we show that the bias to any primordial signal is small compared to statistical errors for ground-based experiments, but might be significant for space-based experiments probing very large angular scales. However, mitigation techniques based on multi-frequency cleaning appear to be very effective. We also show, by means of an analytic model, that the bias arising from the higher-point functions of the CIB itself ought to be negligible.
description: 21 pages + references & appendices. 12 Figures. Matches version published in MNRAS
Resolving the History of Life on Earth by Seeking Life As We Know It on Mars
Creators: name: Carr, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An origin of Earth life on Mars would resolve significant inconsistencies between the inferred history of life and Earth's geologic history. Life as we know it utilizes amino acids, nucleic acids, and lipids for the metabolic, informational, and compartment-forming subsystems of a cell. Such building blocks may have formed simultaneously from cyanosulfidic chemical precursors in a planetary surface scenario involving ultraviolet light, wet-dry cycling, and volcanism. However, early Earth was a water world, and the timing of the rise of oxygen on Earth is inconsistent with final fixation of the genetic code in response to oxidative stress. A cyanosulfidic origin of life could have taken place on Mars via photoredox chemistry, facilitated by orders of magnitude more sub-aerial crust than early Earth, and an earlier transition to oxidative conditions. Meteoritic bombardment may have generated transient habitable environments and ejected and transferred life to Earth. The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover offers an unprecedented opportunity to confirm or refute evidence consistent with a cyanosulfidic origin of life on Mars, search for evidence of ancient life, and constrain the evolution of Mars' oxidation state over time. We should seek to prove or refute a Martian origin for life on Earth alongside other possibilities.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Association between lower uterine wall thickness measured at 18–22 weeks of gestation and risk of Preterm Birth: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Yapan, Piengbulan
name: Wanitpongpan, Prapat
name: Sripang, Nawiya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: The reliability of LUW thickness measurement. Figure 1. Bland-Altman plot showed the difference of LUWthickness measurement between two operators (Inter-observer reliability)(N=40)]. Figure 2. Bland-Altman plot showed the differenceof LUW thickness measurement between two measurements of the same operator(Intra-observer reliability) (N=46)].
Nonlinear dimension reduction for surrogate modeling using gradient information
Creators: name: Bigoni, Daniele
name: Marzouk, Youssef
name: Prieur, Clémentine
name: Zahm, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D40, 65D15, 41A10, 41A63

description: We introduce a method for the nonlinear dimension reduction of a high-dimensional function $u:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$, $d\gg1$. Our objective is to identify a nonlinear feature map $g:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^m$, with a prescribed intermediate dimension $m\ll d$, so that $u$ can be well approximated by $f\circ g$ for some profile function $f:\mathbb{R}^m\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$. We propose to build the feature map by aligning the Jacobian $\nabla g$ with the gradient $\nabla u$, and we theoretically analyze the properties of the resulting $g$. Once $g$ is built, we construct $f$ by solving a gradient-enhanced least squares problem. Our practical algorithm makes use of a sample $\{x^{(i)},u(x^{(i)}),\nabla u(x^{(i)})\}_{i=1}^N$ and builds both $g$ and $f$ on adaptive downward-closed polynomial spaces, using cross validation to avoid overfitting. We numerically evaluate the performance of our algorithm across different benchmarks, and explore the impact of the intermediate dimension $m$. We show that building a nonlinear feature map $g$ can permit more accurate approximation of $u$ than a linear $g$, for the same input data set.
title: Equitable Technologies for Smarter Urbanism: Enhancing Priority Car Parking at Western Sydney University
Creators: name: Condie, Jenna
name: Lean, Garth
name: Bate, Bronwyn
name: James, Donna
name: Sio, Paul
Publisher: name: Western Sydney University
Year: 2020

description: Relocating university campuses to Central Business Districts (CBDs) changes the way people travel to and from campus. While CBDs are often considered accessible due to the increased availability of public transport and non-motorised transit options (e.g. walking, cycling), urban locations can also lead to social exclusion and transport disadvantage for some. For example, people with disabilities and caring commitments who are dependent on private car transport to facilitate their mobility, can find it more difficult to access urban campuses when accessible parking and transport options are not readily available.
In 2018, Western Sydney University opened its second city-based campus in the City of Liverpool, located in Southwest Sydney, New South Wales. With limited on-site car parking in the campuses’ basement, plans were implemented to provide staff and students with disabilities and caring commitments with priority parking. DIVVY Parking Pty Ltd was commissioned to deliver a car parking service using their app and website-based parking platform.
The research project outlined in this report examined DIVVY Parking’s priority parking solution for people with disabilities and caring commitments at Liverpool City Campus. The research aimed to generate insights and recommendations for: the provision of priority parking at Western’s vertical (and horizontal) campuses into the future; the use of technology to provide priority and equitable parking in general; user experience and service design for, and with, people with disabilities and other priority needs, including people with caring responsibilities; and, ensuring more accessible and equitable urban spaces.
QCD topology and axion properties in an isotropic hot and dense medium
Creators: name: Gong, Hong-Fang
name: Lu, Qi
name: Lu, Zhen-Yan
name: Liu, Lu-Meng
name: Chen, Xun
name: Wang, Shu-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the QCD topology and axion properties at finite temperature and chemical potential in the framework of the two-flavor Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio model. We find that the behaviors of the two lowest cumulants of the QCD topological charge distribution and axion properties are highly sensitive to the critical behavior of the chiral phase transition. In particular, the topological susceptibility and the axion mass follow the response of the chiral condensate to temperature and chemical potential, showing that both quantities decrease monotonically with the increment of temperature and/or chemical potential. However, it is important to note that the normalized fourth cumulant behaves differently depending on the temperature. At low temperatures, it is a non-monotonic function of the chemical potential, while at high temperatures, it monotonically decreases. Additionally, its value invariably approaches the asymptotic value of $b_2^{\text {inst }}=-1/12$, predicted by the dilute instanton gas model. We also observe that with the increase in chemical potential at relatively low temperatures, the axion self-coupling constant exhibits a sharp peak around the critical point, which can even be more than twice its vacuum value. After that, the self-coupling drops sharply to a much lower value than its vacuum value, eventually approaching zero in the high chemical potential limit. The finding that the axion self-coupling constant is significantly enhanced in high-density environments near the chiral phase transition could lead to the creation or enhancement of an axion Bose-Einstein condensate in compact astrophysical objects.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in EPJC
Origin of eclipsing time variations: Contributions of different modes of the dynamo-generated magnetic field
Creators: name: Navarrete, Felipe H.
name: Käpylä, Petri J.
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Ortiz, Carolina A.
name: Banerjee, Robi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility to detect circumbinary planets and to study stellar magnetic fields through eclipsing time variations (ETVs) in binary stars has sparked an increase of interest in this area of research. We revisit the connection between stellar magnetic fields and the gravitational quadrupole moment $Q_{xx}$ and compare different dynamo-generated ETV models with our simulations. We present magnetohydrodynamical simulations of solar mass stars with rotation periods of 8.3, 1.2, and 0.8 days and perform a detailed analysis of the magnetic and quadrupole moment using spherical harmonic decomposition. The extrema of $Q_{xx}$ are associated with changes in the magnetic field structure. This is evident in the simulation with a rotation period of 1.2 days. Its magnetic field has a more complex behavior than in the other models, as the large-scale nonaxisymmetric field dominates throughout the simulation and the axisymmetric component is predominantly hemispheric. This triggers variations in the density field that follow the magnetic field asymmetry with respect to the equator, affecting the $zz$ component of the inertia tensor, and thus modulating $Q_{xx}$. The magnetic field of the two other runs are less variable in time and more symmetric with respect to the equator, such that the variations in the density are weaker, and therefore only small variations in $Q_{xx}$ are seen. If interpreted via the classical Applegate mechanism (tidal locking), the quadrupole moment variations obtained in the current simulations are about two orders of magnitude below those deduced from observations of post-common-envelope binaries. However, if no tidal locking is assumed, our results are compatible with the observed ETVs.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Interstitial deletion 4p15.32p16.1 and complex chromoplexy in a female proband with severe neurodevelopmental delay, growth failure and dysmorphism
Creators: name: Li, Dong
name: Strong, Alanna
name: Hou, Cuiping
name: Downes, Helen
name: Pritchard, Amanda Barone
name: Mazzeo, Pamela
name: Zackai, Elaine H.
name: Conlin, Laura K.
name: Hakonarson, Hakon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Additonal genomic data.
Model independent approach for calculating galaxy rotation curves for low $S/N$ MaNGA galaxies
Creators: name: Park, Sangwoo
name: Shafieloo, Arman
name: Bag, Satadru
name: Denissenya, Mikhail
name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Ranjan, Adarsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internal kinematics of galaxies, traced through the stellar rotation curve or two dimensional velocity map, carry important information on galactic structure and dark matter. With upcoming surveys, the velocity map may play a key role in the development of kinematic lensing as an astrophysical probe. We improve techniques for extracting velocity information from integral field spectroscopy at low signal-to-noise ($S/N$), without a template, and demonstrate substantial advantages over the standard Penalized PiXel-Fitting method (pPXF) approach. Robust rotation curves can be derived down to $S/N\approx 2$ using our method.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, published in JCAP
title: Fire Safety Engineering: The Methods Report 3 of 8
Creators: name: Lange, David
name: Torero, Jose
name: Osorio, Andres
name: Lobel, Nate
name: Maluk, Cristian
name: Hidalgo, Juan P
Publisher: name: The Warren Centre for Advanced Engineering
Year: 2020

description: The Methods Report takes a closer look at international guidelines and methods currently used for Fire Safety Engineering and considers where fundamental change is needed for Australia
Additional file 1 of Protocol and programme factors associated with referral and loss to follow-up from newborn hearing screening: a systematic review
Creators: name: Mackey, Allison R.
name: Bussé, Andrea M. L.
name: Del Vecchio, Valeria
name: Mäki-Torkko, Elina
name: Uhlén, Inger M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search Strategy used in Ovid Medline.
title: Fire Safety Engineering: Regulation, Control and Accreditation Report 1 of 8
Creators: name: Kip, Stephen
name: Wynn-Jones, Michael
name: Johnson, Peter
name: Brinson, Ashley
Publisher: name: The Warren Centre for Advanced Engineering
Year: 2019

description: The Regulation, Control and Accreditation Report examines the current requirements or controls over practitioners employed or engaged in the building industry in the practice of fire safety engineering
The Web unpacked: a quantitative analysis of global Web usage
Creators: name: Xavier, Henrique S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of global web usage patterns based on data from SimilarWeb, a leading source for estimating web traffic. Leveraging a dataset comprising over 250,000 websites, we estimate the total web traffic and investigate its distribution among domains and industry sectors. We detail the characteristics of the top 116 domains, which comprise an estimated one-third of all web traffic. Our analysis scrutinizes various attributes of these domains, including their content sources and types, access requirements, offline presence, and ownership features. Our analysis reveals a significant concentration of web traffic, with a diminutive number of top websites capturing the majority of visits. Search engines, news and media, social networks, streaming, and adult content emerge as primary attractors of web traffic, which is also highly concentrated on platforms and USA-owned websites. Much of the traffic goes to for-profit but mostly free-of-charge websites, highlighting the dominance of business models not based on paywalls.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Extended version of the paper published in the journal
Additional file 2 of Protocol and programme factors associated with referral and loss to follow-up from newborn hearing screening: a systematic review
Creators: name: Mackey, Allison R.
name: Bussé, Andrea M. L.
name: Del Vecchio, Valeria
name: Mäki-Torkko, Elina
name: Uhlén, Inger M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Results of quality evaluation.
title: Comics as Big Data: The transformation of comics into machine-interpretable information
Creators: name: Manouach, Ilan
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2024

description: Like so many generic literary reconstructions, comics are now being transformed into information -- a process that, for postdoctoral scholar Ilan Manouach, is concomitant with the expansion of tools and services in the field of generative AI. Like so many AI emergences (and emergencies), this one poses important challenges to the comics industry and the careers of comics professionals.
Educazione linguistica accessibile e inclusiva
Creators: name: Melero Rodríguez, Carlos Alberto
name: Caon, Fabio
name: Brichese, Annalisa
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

This essay presents a reflection on the management modalities of a class, in which students are considered as different not only for their individual factors, but also for their characteristics generating specific linguistic learning needs. The essay aims at offering: firstly, an overview of the Italian regulations about the Italian non-native speakers students and SLD; secondly, some scientific references at the base of the concept of ‘Mixed Abilities Class’, and thirdly, a concise but meaningful presentation of the model of an inclusive Learning Unit in a mixed abilities class.

description: EL.LE
Tratti di plusdotazione negli apprendenti di italiano come L2
Creators: name: Brazzolotto, Martina
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

Giftedness in foreign learners is not easily recognised (Kitano, Espinosa 1995). Immigrants with giftedness, in the school context, are often considered more as needing support in learning the new language rather than as pupils with great potential (Harris 2009). In the case presented here, the teacher responds only to the need to understand a new word, leaving out the curiosity of the pupil from Eritrea, on a mathematical calculation. His attitude shows how disproportionately didactic action tends to focus on gaps rather than attitudes. We propose a series of language teaching tips to identify some traits of giftedness in Italian learners like second language (L2), using some theories on inter-language. The objective is to support language teachers in teaching differentiation, stimulating in them reflections on the learning needs of immigrant pupils, such as to suggest some traits of giftedness.

description: EL.LE
Additional file 3 of Protocol and programme factors associated with referral and loss to follow-up from newborn hearing screening: a systematic review
Creators: name: Mackey, Allison R.
name: Bussé, Andrea M. L.
name: Del Vecchio, Valeria
name: Mäki-Torkko, Elina
name: Uhlén, Inger M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Overview of all studies included in the systematic review.
Contrast-independent partially explicit time discretizations for multiscale wave problems
Creators: name: Chung, Eric T.
name: Efendiev, Yalchin
name: Leung, Wing Tat
name: Vabishchevich, Petr N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we design and investigate contrast-independent partially explicit time discretizations for wave equations in heterogeneous high-contrast media. We consider multiscale problems, where the spatial heterogeneities are at subgrid level and are not resolved. In our previous work, we have introduced contrast-independent partially explicit time discretizations and applied to parabolic equations. The main idea of contrast-independent partially explicit time discretization is to split the spatial space into two components: contrast dependent (fast) and contrast independent (slow) spaces defined via multiscale space decomposition. Using this decomposition, our goal is further appropriately to introduce time splitting such that the resulting scheme is stable and can guarantee contrast-independent discretization under some suitable (reasonable) conditions. In this paper, we propose contrast-independent partially explicitly scheme for wave equations. The splitting requires a careful design. We prove that the proposed splitting is unconditionally stable under some suitable conditions formulated for the second space (slow). This condition requires some type of non-contrast dependent space and is easier to satisfy in the "slow" space. We present numerical results and show that the proposed methods provide results similar to implicit methods with the time step that is independent of the contrast.
Terrestrial Laser Interferometers
Creators: name: Dooley, Katherine L
name: Grote, Hartmut
name: Brand, Jo van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial laser interferometers for gravitational-wave detection made the landmark first detection of gravitational waves in 2015. We provide an overview of the history of how these laser interferometers prevailed as the most promising technology in the search for gravitational waves. We describe their working principles and their limitations, and provide examples of some of the most important technologies that enabled their construction. We introduce each of the four large-scale laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors in operation around the world today and provide a brief outlook for the future of ground-based detectors.
description: Invited chapter for "Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy" (Eds. C. Bambi, S. Katsanevas and K. Kokkotas; Springer Singapore, 2021)
Gli studenti gifted: riflessioni e proposte per la loro valutazione linguistica
Creators: name: Novello, Alberta
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

Gifted students have peculiarities that make their learning noticeably different from their peers. If this distinctiveness is not taken into consideration in teaching, the efficacy of their learning can be affected. In language learning the particularities demonstrated by gifted students set their development of the foreign language completely apart from that of their schoolmates. The essays describes how gifted students learn a foreign language and examines the main mistakes that can be made in assessing their learning. Some proposals are then described in order to avoid the main mistakes.

description: EL.LE
Additional file 4 of Protocol and programme factors associated with referral and loss to follow-up from newborn hearing screening: a systematic review
Creators: name: Mackey, Allison R.
name: Bussé, Andrea M. L.
name: Del Vecchio, Valeria
name: Mäki-Torkko, Elina
name: Uhlén, Inger M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Studies comparing referral rates across screening methods.