cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mongolia in Japan’s Eurasian policy (1997-2017)
Creators: name: Malashevskaya Maria, N.
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: JAPANESE-MONGOLIAN RELATIONS
ABE SHINZO
EURASIAN DIPLOMACY
NORTH-EAST ASIA
DPRK
"SMART POWER"
ЯПОНО-МОНГОЛЬСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
АБЭ СИНДЗО
ЕВРАЗИЙСКАЯ ДИПЛОМАТИЯ
СВА
КНДР
"УМНАЯ СИЛА"

description: The paper deals with the history of Japanese-Mongolian relations over the period between 1997 and 2017 in the context of Eurasian diplomacy adopted by the Hashimoto cabinet in 1997. The paper investigataes evolution of the twenty-year bilateral political, economic and security cooperation, aligned with Eurasian policy and developed from “soft power” to “smart power”, focusing on the analysis of the Hashimoto Ryutaro, Koizumi Junichiro and Abe Shinzo administrations approaches.
Additional file 1 of US medical and surgical society position statements on physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia: a review
Creators: name: Barsness, Joseph G.
name: Regnier, Casey R.
name: C. Christopher Hook
name: Mueller, Paul S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: Positions on PAS and Euthanasia of all Identified US Medical and Surgical Societies.
Optimal probabilistic forecasts: When do they work?
Creators: name: Loaiza-Maya, Ruben
name: Martin, Gael M.
name: Frazier, David T.
name: Maneesoonthorn, Worapree
name: Hassan, Andres Ramirez
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Proper scoring rules are used to assess the out-of-sample accuracy of probabilistic forecasts, with different scoring rules rewarding distinct aspects of forecast performance. Herein, we reinvestigate the practice of using proper scoring rules to produce probabilistic forecasts that are 'optimal' according to a given score, and assess when their out-of-sample accuracy is superior to alternative forecasts, according to that score. Particular attention is paid to relative predictive performance under misspecification of the predictive model. Using numerical illustrations, we document several novel findings within this paradigm that highlight the important interplay between the true data generating process, the assumed predictive model and the scoring rule. Notably, we show that only when a predictive model is sufficiently compatible with the true process to allow a particular score criterion to reward what it is designed to reward, will this approach to forecasting reap benefits. Subject to this compatibility however, the superiority of the optimal forecast will be greater, the greater is the degree of misspecification. We explore these issues under a range of different scenarios, and using both artificially simulated and empirical data.
Positive solutions to logistic type equations with harvesting
Creators: name: Girão, Pedro M.
name: Tehrani, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J65, 35J25, 92D25, 35B05

description: We use comparison principles, variational arguments and a truncation method to obtain positive solutions to logistic type equations with harvesting both in $\mathbb{R}^N$ and in a bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^N$, with $N\geq 3$, when the carrying capacity of the environment is not constant. By relaxing the growth assumption on the coefficients of the differential equation we derive a new equation which is easily solved. The solution of this new equation is then used to produce a positive solution of our original problem.
Adaptive White-Box Watermarking with Self-Mutual Check Parameters in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Gao, Zhenzhe
name: Yin, Zhaoxia
name: Zhan, Hongjian
name: Yin, Heng
name: Lu, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has found wide application, but also poses risks due to unintentional or malicious tampering during deployment. Regular checks are therefore necessary to detect and prevent such risks. Fragile watermarking is a technique used to identify tampering in AI models. However, previous methods have faced challenges including risks of omission, additional information transmission, and inability to locate tampering precisely. In this paper, we propose a method for detecting tampered parameters and bits, which can be used to detect, locate, and restore parameters that have been tampered with. We also propose an adaptive embedding method that maximizes information capacity while maintaining model accuracy. Our approach was tested on multiple neural networks subjected to attacks that modified weight parameters, and our results demonstrate that our method achieved great recovery performance when the modification rate was below 20%. Furthermore, for models where watermarking significantly affected accuracy, we utilized an adaptive bit technique to recover more than 15% of the accuracy loss of the model.
$2\cdot 10^{-13}$ fractional laser frequency stability with a 7-cm unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Creators: name: Huarcaya, Victor
name: Álvarez, Miguel Dovale
name: Penkert, Daniel
name: Gozzo, Stefano
name: Cano, Pablo Martínez
name: Yamamoto, Kohei
name: Delgado, Juan José Esteban
name: Mehmet, Moritz
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To achieve sub-picometer sensitivities in the millihertz band, laser interferometric inertial sensors rely on some form of reduction of the laser frequency noise, typically by locking the laser to a stable frequency reference, such as the narrow-linewidth resonance of an ultra-stable optical cavity or an atomic or molecular transition. In this paper we report on a compact laser frequency stabilization technique based on an unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is sub-nanometer stable at $10\,μ$Hz, sub-picometer at $0.5\,$mHz, and reaches a noise floor of $7\,\mathrm{fm}/\!\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 1 Hz. The interferometer is used in conjunction with a DC servo to stabilize the frequency of a laser down to a fractional instability below $4 \times 10^{-13}$ at averaging times from 0.1 to 100 seconds. The technique offers a wide operating range, does not rely on complex lock acquisition procedures, and can be readily integrated as part of the optical bench in future gravity missions.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Японская интервенция в Сибири. Прелюдия (часть 2)
Creators: name: Саркисов Константин Оганесович
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ
ДАЛЬНИЙ ВОСТОК
ЧЕХОСЛОВАЦКИЙ КОРПУС
БЕССИЛИЕ ОППОЗИЦИИ
ГОТО СИМПЭЙ
ЧИЧЕРИН
REVOLUTION
RUSSIAN FAR EAST
CZECHOSLOVAK CORPS
WEAKNESS OF OPPOSITION
GOTO SHIMPEI
CHICHERIN

description: Японская интервенция в Сибири (1918-1922) одна из мрачных страниц не только в истории двусторонних отношений, но и внешней политики самой Японии. Японские, американские и советские архивные данные дают картину того, как это всё начиналось и что двигало теми, кто решился на эту авантюру.Japan's intervention in Siberia is one of the dark pages in the history of bilateral relations as well as of Japan's foreign policy. Japanese, American and Soviet archives give a better understanding of how this adventurous enterprise has begun and what forces and interests have worked behind it.
Why the distance of PSR J0218+4232 does not challenge pulsar emission theories
Creators: name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent VLBI measurements of the astrometric parameters of the millisecond pulsar J0218+4232 by Du et al. have suggested this pulsar is as distant as 6.3 kpc. At such a large distance, the large γ-ray flux observed from this pulsar would make it the most luminous γ-ray pulsar known. This luminosity would exceed what can be explained by the outer gap and slot-gap pulsar emission models, potentially placing important and otherwise elusive constraints on the pulsar emission mechanism. We show that the VLBI parallax measurement is dominated by the Lutz-Kelker bias. When this bias is corrected for, the most likely distance for this pulsar is 3.15(+0.85/-0.60) kpc. This revised distance places the luminosity of PSR J0218+4232 into a range where it does not challenge any of the standard theories of the pulsar emission mechanism.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Physicians’ prescribing behaviour and clinical practice patterns for allergic rhinitis management in Italy
Creators: name: Passalacqua, Giovanni
name: Musarra, Antonino
name: Senna, Gianenrico
name: Bousquet, Jean
name: Ferrara, Carmen
name: Lonati, Caterina
name: Canonica, Giorgio Walter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods and results.
The Epistemic Insight Digest Issue 5
Creators: name: Shalet, Dani
name: Gordon, Agnieszka J.
name: CBE, Kim Manley
name: Hassanin, Hany
name: Dr Caroline Thomas
name: Simpson, Sherry
name: Lawson, Finley
name: Lawson, Michelle
name: Aryn Litchfield
name: Canetta, Elisabetta
name: Choong, Claire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Epistemic Insight, student engaged research, collaborative learning, action research

description: I am so happy to bring you the latest issue of the EI digest once again. With support from the Epistemic Insight Initiative and the FAHE (Faculty of Humanities and Education at CCCU) and collaborators, we happily bring you to issue 5, and I hope there will be many more to come. What makes this journal so important is that it gives a voice to not only academics but students, teachers and collaborators. It enables those who may not feel that they have an opportunity to publish to do so and to share their experiences and love of knowledge, EI, and education with a large and friendly community.
Япония: общество среднего класса
Creators: name: Лебедева Ирина Павловна
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: СРЕДНИЙ КЛАСС
УРОВЕНЬ ЖИЗНИ
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ РАССЛОЕНИЕ
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
ПОЖИЗНЕННЫЙ НАЁМ
ЖИЛЬЁ
СЕМЬЯ И СЕМЕЙНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
РАБОТА
MIDDLE CLASS
STANDARD OF LIVING
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
EDUCATION
LIFE-TIME EMPLOYMENT
HOUSING
FAMILY AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
WORK

description: Несмотря на экономические неурядицы последних двух с половиной десятилетий, Япония остаётся одной из наиболее богатых стран мира. Кроме того, она является и одной из наиболее благополучных стран как в плане распределения результатов экономического роста среди населения, так и по целому ряду характеристик уровня жизни. В статье рассматривается влияние на формирование среднего класса демократизации образования, идеологии пожизненного найма, политики правительства по выравниванию доходов и поддержке слабых секторов. Приводятся основные индикаторы уровня жизни современных японцев.Despite the economic difficulties of the last two and a half decades, Japan remains to be one of the richest countries in the world. In addition, it is also one of the most prosperous countries both in terms of distribution of the results of economic growth among the population, as well as by a number of characteristics of the standard of living. The article examines the influence of education democratization, the ideology of lifetime employment, government policies to equalize revenues and support weak sectors and others on the formation of the middle class. The basic indicators of standard of living of the Japanese are given.
Additional file 1 of Correction to: Isolation and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in Spanish sheep flocks
Creators: name: Fernández-Escobar, Mercedes
name: Calero-Bernal, Rafael
name: Benavides, Julio
name: Regidor-Cerrillo, Javier
name: Guerrero-Molina, María Cristina
name: Gutiérrez-Expósito, Daniel
name: Collantes-Fernández, Esther
name: Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genotyping allele profile obtained by PCR-RFLP and PCR-sequencing on T. gondii isolates.
Black-hole jets without large-scale net magnetic flux
Creators: name: Parfrey, Kyle
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario for launching relativistic jets from rotating black holes, in which small-scale magnetic flux loops, sustained by disc turbulence, are forced to inflate and open by differential rotation between the black hole and the accretion flow. This mechanism does not require a large-scale net magnetic flux in the accreting plasma. Estimates suggest that the process could operate effectively in many systems, and particularly naturally and efficiently when the accretion flow is retrograde. We present the results of general-relativistic force-free electrodynamic simulations demonstrating the time evolution of the black hole's magnetosphere, the cyclic formation of jets, and the effect of magnetic reconnection. The jets are highly variable on timescales ~ 10-10^3 r_ g/c, where r_g is the black hole's gravitational radius. The reconnecting current sheets observed in the simulations may be responsible for the hard X-ray emission from accreting black holes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
«Журнал русской экспедиции в Японию, с приложением переписки командира экспедиции с береговыми властями о разрешении входить в японские гавани и высадки экипажа на берег» как источник по экспедиции А. К. Лаксмана (1792-1793 гг. )
Creators: name: Карташов Кирилл Михайлович
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: ИСТОРИЯ РОССИЙСКО-ЯПОНСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ
ЭКСПЕДИЦИЯ А.К. ЛАКСМАНА
И.Ф. ТРАПЕЗНИКОВ
Н.С. МОРДВИНОВ
ПУБЛИКАЦИЯ АРХИВНЫХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ
МАТЕРИАЛЫ О ЯПОНИИ В КОЛЛЕКЦИИ РГИА
HISTORY OF RUSSIAN-JAPANESE RELATIONS
ADAM LAXMAN’S EXPEDITION
IVAN F. TRAPEZNIKOV
NIKOLAI S. MORDVINOV
PUBLICATION OF ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS
MATERIALS CONCERNING JAPAN IN THE COLLECTION OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HISTORICAL ARCHIVE

description: Статья посвящена не введённому в научный оборот источнику по экспедиции А.К. Лаксмана журналу одного из её участников, копия которого хранится в Российском государственном историческом архиве. Предпринята попытка установить авторство журнала, сопоставить его содержание с другими источниками по истории экспедиции А.К. Лаксмана и оценить значение нового источника для её изучения.The article presents an unpublished primary source regarding Adam Laxman’s expedition to Japan a journal written by one of the members of the expedition, the copy of which is being held in the collection of the Russian State Historical Archive. An attempt is made to determine the authorship of the journal, to compare its contents with those of other primary sources concerning Adam Laxman’s expedition, and to consider the significance of the journal for further research.
A large sample of Kohonen-selected SDSS quasars with weak emission lines: selection effects and statistical properties
Creators: name: Meusinger, H.
name: Balafkan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a search for WLQs in the spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 based on Kohonen self-organising maps for nearly 10^5 quasar spectra. The final sample consists of 365 quasars and includes in particular a subsample of 46 WLQs with equivalent widths W(MgII) < 11 A and W(CIV) < 4.8 A. We compared various properties of the WLQs with those of control samples of ordinary quasars. Particular attention was paid to selection effects. The WLQs have, on average, significantly higher luminosities, Eddington ratios, and accretion rates. About half of the excess comes from a selection bias, but an intrinsic excess remains probably caused primarily by higher accretion rates. The spectral energy distribution shows a bluer continuum at rest-frame wavelengths > 1500 A. The variability in the optical and UV is relatively low, even taking the variability-luminosity anti-correlation into account. The percentage of radio detected quasars and of core-dominant radio sources is significantly higher than for the control sample, whereas the mean radio-loudness is lower. The properties of our WLQ sample can be consistently understood assuming that it consists of a mix of quasars at the beginning of a stage of increased accretion activity and of beamed radio-quiet quasars. (Abstract modified to match the arXiv format)
description: 17 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; the full catalogue is only available in electronic form at CDS
Visualizing Probability Distributions across Bivariate Cyclic Temporal Granularities
Creators: name: Gupta, Sayani
name: Hyndman, Rob J
name: Cook, Dianne
name: Unwin, Antony
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Deconstructing a time index into time granularities can assist in exploration and automated analysis of large temporal data sets. This paper describes classes of time deconstructions using linear and cyclic time granularities. Linear time granularities respect the linear progression of time such as hours, days, weeks and months. Cyclic time granularities can be circular such as hour-of-the-day, quasi-circular such as day-of-the-month, and aperiodic such as public holidays. The hierarchical structure of granularities creates a nested ordering: hour-of-the-day and second-of-the-minute are single-order-up. Hour-of-the-week is multiple-order-up, because it passes over day-of-the-week. Methods are provided for creating all possible granularities for a time index. A recommendation algorithm provides an indication whether a pair of granularities can be meaningfully examined together (a "harmony"), or when they cannot (a "clash'). Time granularities can be used to create data visualizations to explore for periodicities, associations and anomalies. The granularities form categorical variables (ordered or unordered) which induce groupings of the observations. Assuming a numeric response variable, the resulting graphics are then displays of distributions compared across combinationsof categorical variables. The methods are implemented in the open source R package gravitas, providing functions for creating granularities and exploring the associated time series which are consistent with a tidy workflow (Grolemund & Wickham (2017)), and the probability distributions can be examined using the range of graphics available in ggplot2 (Wickham 2016).
A Polling Model with Multiple Priority Levels
Creators: name: Boon, Marko
name: Adan, Ivo
name: Boxma, Onno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we consider a single-server cyclic polling system. Between visits to successive queues, the server is delayed by a random switch-over time. The order in which customers are served in each queue is determined by a priority level that is assigned to each customer at his arrival. For this situation the following service disciplines are considered: gated, exhaustive, and globally gated. We study the cycle time distribution, the waiting times for each customer type, the joint queue length distribution of all priority classes at all queues at polling epochs, and the steady-state marginal queue length distributions for each customer type.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.0110
Имплицитность японского искусства. Причины и следствия
Creators: name: Герасимова Майя Петровна
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: ЯПОНИЯ
ИСКУССТВО
ПАРАДИГМЫ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОСТИ
ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИДЕАЛЫ
ПРИРОДА
МИРОПОНИМАНИЕ
JAPAN
ART
PARADIGMS OF ARTISTRY
AESTHETIC IDEALS
THE NATURE
WORLDVIEW

description: Утончённая экспрессивность японского искусства известна во всём мире. Однако далеко не все знают, что несмотря на высокую концентрацию эстетического и художественного опыта на протяжении многих веков, понятие «искусство» и само это слово появились в Японии лишь во второй половине XIX века, после знакомства с западноевропейскими научными теориями. Причиной имплицитности японского искусства были некоторые особенности миропонимания японцев. Они же определили роль и значение в жизни общества и человека художественных практик, иными словами, роль и значение фактически существовавшего, но не осознаваемого как таковое, искусства, равно как и критерии художественности, и эстетические идеалы.The refined expressiveness of Japanese Art is known all over the world, but it is almost unknown, that the conception of Art and the word itself appeared in Japan only in the second half of the 19th century. The origin of the implicit nature of Art in Japan can be found in some peculiarities of the worldview of the Japanese. The same points predetermined the role and significance of actually existed, but not realised as such, the Art, as well as the criteria of the artistry and aesthetic ideals.
Observational constraints on the origin of the elements. VII. NLTE analysis of Y II lines in spectra of cool stars and implications for Y as a Galactic chemical clock
Creators: name: Storm, Nicholas
name: Bergemann, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yttrium (Y), a key s-process element, is commonly used in nucleosynthesis studies and as a Galactic chemical clock when combined with magnesium (Mg). We study the applicability of the previously assumed LTE line formation assumption in Y abundance studies of main-sequence and red giant stars, and probe the impact of NLTE effects on the [Y/Mg] ratio, a proposed stellar age indicator. We derive stellar parameters, ages, and NLTE abundances of Fe, Mg, and Y for 48 solar analogue stars from high-resolution spectra acquired within the Gaia-ESO survey. For Y, we present a new NLTE atomic model. We determine a solar NLTE abundance of A(Y)$_{\rm NLTE}=2.12\pm0.04$ dex, $0.04$ dex higher than LTE. NLTE effects on Y abundance are modest for optical Y II lines, which are frequently used in Sun-like stars diagnostics. NLTE has a small impact on the [Y/Mg] ratio in such stars. For metal-poor red giants, NLTE effects on Y II lines are substantial, potentially exceeding $+0.5$ dex. For the Gaia/4MOST/WEAVE benchmark star, HD 122563, we find the NLTE abundance ratio of [Y/Fe]$_{\rm NLTE}=-0.55\pm0.04$ dex with consistent abundances obtained from different Y II lines. NLTE has a differential effect on Y abundance diagnostics in late-type stars. They notably affect Y II lines in red giants and very metal-poor stars, which are typical Galactic enrichment tracers of neutron-capture elements. For main-sequence stars, NLTE effects on optical diagnostic Y II lines remain minimal across metallicities. This affirms the [Y/Mg] ratio's reliability as a cosmochronometer for Sun-like stars.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Парламентские выборы в Японии: мотивы, итоги, последствия
Creators: name: Кистанов Валерий Олегович
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: ЯПОНИЯ
ПАРЛАМЕНТ
ВЫБОРЫ
АБЭ СИНДЗО
ОППОЗИЦИЯ
ВНЕШНЯЯ ПОЛИТИКА
АБЭНОМИКА
JAPAN
PARLIAMENT
ELECTIONS
SHINZO ABE
THE OPPOSITION
FOREIGN POLICY
ABENOMICS

description: Решение премьер-министра Японии Абэ Синдзо провести в октябре 2017 г. досрочные парламентские выборы вызвало противоречивую реакцию в стране. Однако правящая коалиция во главе с С. Абэ одержала на них убедительную победу, в то время как оппозиционный лагерь не смог ей эффективно противостоять. Это позволит Абэ более последовательно и твёрдо реализовывать свои цели как во внутренней и внешней политике страны, так и в экономике.The decision of the Prime Minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe to hold in October 2017 pre-term parliamentary elections has caused controversy in the country. However, the ruling coalition led by Abe won a landslide victory, while the opposition camp failed to counter effectively. This will allow Abe to pursue more consistently and resolutely his goals in domestic and foreign policy, as well as economy.
BEYOND THE TEXTBOOK: INTEGRATING WEB TECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP 21ST-CENTURY SKILLS THROUGH DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Abduramanova, Nezire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The contemporary landscape demands individuals equipped with 21st-century skills – critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and digital literacy. Discourse analysis, a discipline that examines the structure and function of language in social contexts, provides an ideal platform to cultivate these skills. Web technology can be integrated into discourse analysis instruction, transforming classrooms into dynamic environments where students develop essential 21st-century competencies.
Phosphorus cluster cations formed in doped helium nanodroplets are different
Creators: name: Albertini, Simon
name: Hechenberger, Faro
name: Kollotzek, Siegfried
name: Tiefenthaler, Lukas
name: Martini, Paul
name: Kuhn, Martin
name: Menzel, Alexander
name: Maalouf, Elias Jabbour Al
name: Schöbel, Harald
name: Mahmoodi-Darian, Masoomeh
name: Scheier, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Positively charged cluster ions of phosphorus were formed upon electron ionization of doped helium nanodroplets. The vapors of red phosphorus and a phosphate sample were picked up into neutral and charged helium nanodroplets. Independent on the conditions used, the cluster size distributions exhibit pronounced odd-even oscillations that are opposite to almost all experimental and theoretical patterns published in the literature. The low temperature environment of the superfluid He matrix quenches fragmentation and the charged phosphorus clusters resemble the structure of the neutral precursors.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Structure and evolution of solar supergranulation using SDO/HMI data
Creators: name: Roudier, Th.
name: Švanda, M.
name: Rieutord, M.
name: Malherbe, J. M.
name: Burston, R.
name: Gizon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Studying the motions on the solar surface is fundamental for understanding how turbulent convection transports energy and how magnetic fields are distributed across the solar surface. Aims: From horizontal velocity measurements all over the visible disc of the Sun and using data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI), we investigate the structure and evolution of solar supergranulation. Methods: Horizontal velocity fields were measured by following the proper motions of solar granules using a newly developed version of the coherent structure tracking (CST) code. With this tool, maps of horizontal divergence were computed. We then segmented and identified supergranular cells and followed their histories by using spatio-temporal labelling. With this dataset we derived the fundamental properties of supergranulation, including their motion. Results: We find values of the fundamental parameters of supergranulation similar to previous studies: a mean lifetime of 1.5 days and a mean diameter of 25~Mm. The tracking of individual supergranular cells reveals the solar differential rotation and a poleward circulation trend of the meridional flow. The shape of the derived differential rotation and meridional flow does not depend on the cell size. If there is a background magnetic field, the diverging flows in supergranules are weaker. Conclusions: This study confirms that supergranules are suitable tracers that may be used to investigate the large-scale flows of the solar convection as long as they are detectable enough on the surface.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics
Burning Sage: Reversing the Curse of Dimensionality in the Visualization of High-Dimensional Data
Creators: name: Laa, Ursula
name: Cook, Dianne
name: Lee, Stuart
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: In high-dimensional data analysis the curse of dimensionality reasons that points tend to be far away from the center of the distribution and on the edge of highdimensional space. Contrary to this, is that projected data tends to clump at the center. This gives a sense that any structure near the center of the projection is obscured, whether this is true or not. A transformation to reverse the curse, is defined in this paper, which uses radial transformations on the projected data. It is integrated seamlessly into the grand tour algorithm, and we have called it a burning sage tour, to indicate that it reverses the curse. The work is implemented into the tourr package in R. Several case studies are included that show how the sage visualizations enhance exploratory clustering and classification problems.
Additional file 1 of Violence –related injuries in a rapidly developing Middle Eastern country: a retrospective study from a level 1 trauma center
Creators: name: Monira Mollazehi
name: El-Menyar, Ayman
name: Ahammed Mekkodathil
name: Consunji, Rafael
name: Al-Thani, Hassan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. STROBE 2007 (v4) Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies.
Discovery of a new Y dwarf: WISE J030449.03-270508.3
Creators: name: Pinfield, D. J.
name: Gromadzki, M.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Gomes, J.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Kurtev, R.
name: Day-Jones, A. C.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
name: Cook, N. J.
name: Morley, C. V.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Marocco, F.
name: Smart, R. L.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Beletsky, Y.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Burningham, B.
name: Jenkins, J. S.
name: Cardoso, C.
name: Frith, J.
name: Clarke, J. R. A.
name: Galvez-Ortiz, M. C.
name: Zhang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Y dwarf, WISE J030449.03-270508.3, confirmed from a candidate sample designed to pick out low temperature objects from the WISE database. The new object is typed Y0pec following a visual comparison with spectral standards, and lies at a likely distance of 10-17 pc. Its tangential velocity suggests thin disk membership, but it shows some spectral characteristics that suggest it may be metal-poor and/or older than previously identified Y0 dwarfs. Based on trends seen for warmer late type T dwarfs, the Y-band flux peak morphology is indicative of sub-solar metallicity, and the enhanced red wing of the J-band flux peak offers evidence for high gravity and/or low metallicity (with associated model trends suggesting an age closer to ~10 Gyr and mass in the range 0.02-0.03 Mo). This object may thus be extending the population parameter-space of the known Y0 dwarfs.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Porcine hemothropic mycoplasmas infection associated with productive impact in intensive pig production
Creators: name: Petri, Fernando Antônio Moreira
name: Sonalio, Karina
name: Almeida, Henrique Meiroz De Souza
name: Ferraz, Maria Eugênia Silveira
name: Storino, Gabriel Yuri
name: Souza, Mauro Rodrigo De
name: André, Marcos Rogério
name: Oliveira, Luis Guilherme De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Table S1. Parameters of qPCR assays based on 16S rRNA gene from pigs on d0 and d105. Table S2. Detailed information on qPCR results of the 318 samples at d0 and d105. (DOCX 112 kb)
Energy conservation in dissipative processes: Teacher expectations and strategies associated with imperceptible thermal energy
Creators: name: Daane, Abigail R.
name: McKagan, Sarah B.
name: Vokos, Stamatis
name: Scherr, Rachel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research has demonstrated that many students and some teachers do not consistently apply the conservation of energy principle when analyzing mechanical scenarios. In observing elementary and secondary teachers engaged in learning activities that require tracking and conserving energy, we find that challenges to energy conservation often arise in dissipative scenarios in which kinetic energy transforms into thermal energy (e.g., a ball rolls to a stop). We find that teachers expect that when they can see the motion associated with kinetic energy, they should be able to perceive the warmth associated with thermal energy. Their expectations are violated when the warmth produced is imperceptible. In these cases, teachers reject the idea that the kinetic energy transforms to thermal energy. Our observations suggest that apparent difficulties with energy conservation may have their roots in a strong and productive association between forms of energy and their perceptible indicators. We see teachers resolve these challenges by relating the original scenario to an exaggerated version in which the dissipated thermal energy is associated with perceptible warmth. Using these exaggerations, teachers infer that thermal energy is present to a lesser degree in the original scenario. They use this exaggeration strategy to productively track and conserve energy in dissipative scenarios.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Indefinite theta functions for counting attractor backgrounds
Creators: name: Cardoso, Gabriel Lopes
name: Cirafici, Michele
name: Nampuri, Suresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we employ indefinite theta functions to regularize canonical partition functions for single-center dyonic BPS black holes. These partition functions count dyonic degeneracies in the Hilbert space of four-dimensional toroidally compactified heterotic string theory, graded by electric and magnetic charges. The regularization is achieved by viewing the weighted sums of degeneracies as sums over charge excitations in the near-horizon attractor geometry of an arbitrarily chosen black hole background, and eliminating the unstable modes. This enables us to rewrite these sums in terms of indefinite theta functions. Background independence is then implemented by using the transformation property of indefinite theta functions under elliptic transformations, while modular transformations are used to make contact with semi-classical results in supergravity.
description: 24 pages, LaTex
Observations of nitrogen isotope fractionation in deeply embedded protostars
Creators: name: Wampfler, S. F.
name: Jorgensen, J. K.
name: Bizzarro, M.
name: Bisschop, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The terrestrial planets, comets, and meteorites are significantly enriched in 15N compared to the Sun and Jupiter. While the solar and jovian nitrogen isotope ratio is believed to represent the composition of the protosolar nebula, a still unidentified process has caused 15N-enrichment in the solids. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the variations, including chemical fractionation. However, observational results that constrain the fractionation models are scarce. While there is evidence of 15N-enrichment in prestellar cores, it is unclear how the signature evolves into the protostellar phases. Our aim is to measure the 14N/15N ratio around three nearby, embedded low-to-intermediate-mass protostars. Isotopologues of HCN and HNC were used to probe the 14N/15N ratio. A selection of H13CN, HC15N, HN13C, and H15NC transitions was observed with the APEX telescope. The 14N/15N ratios were derived from the integrated intensities assuming a standard 12C/13C ratio. The assumption of optically thin emission was verified using radiative transfer modeling and hyperfine structure fitting. Two sources, IRAS 16293A and R CrA IRS7B, show 15N-enrichment by a factor of around 1.5-2.5 in both HCN and HNC with respect to the solar composition. Solar composition cannot be excluded for the third source, OMC-3 MMS6. Furthermore, there are indications of a trend toward increasing 14N/15N ratios with increasing outer envelope temperature. The enhanced 15N abundances in HCN and HNC found in two Class~0 sources (14N/15N of 160-290) and the tentative trend toward a temperature-dependent 14N/15N ratio are consistent with the chemical fractionation scenario, but 14N/15N ratios from additional tracers are indispensable for testing the models. Spatially resolved observations are needed to distinguish between chemical fractionation and isotope-selective photochemistry.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 16 pages, 13 figures
Cyber-Physical Systems -- eine Herausforderung an die Automatisierungstechnik?
Creators: name: Kowalewski, Stefan
name: Rumpe, Bernhard
name: Stollenwerk, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We discuss challenges to control systems engineering arising from the advent of cyber-physical systems (CPS). After discussing the terminology, general, IT-related issues are treated which need cooperation with computer science, in particular software engineering. Then we study those challenges that require specific core competencies from control systems engineering. We sketch solution approaches for the exemplary problem of dealing with changes in the physical environment of a CPS. ---- Der Beitrag befasst sich mit den methodischen Herausforderungen, die durch die Verbreitung der Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in der Automatisierungstechnik entstehen, und stellt Lösungsansätze vor. Nach einer Behandlung des Begriffs CPS werden zunächst die allgemeinen, IT-bezogenen Fragestellungen angesprochen, die gemeinsam mit der Informatik gelöst werden müssen. Danach gehen wir auf die Herausforderungen ein, deren Behandlung spezifisch automatisierungstechnische Kernkompetenzen erfordern und skizzieren für eine beispielhafte Problemstellung, den Umgang mit Änderungen in der physikalischen Umgebung, wie entsprechende Lösungen aussehen können.
description: 12 pages, in German, 4 figures
Global warming and technical change: Multiple steady-states and policy options
Creators: name: Bondarev, Anton
name: Greiner, Alfred
Publisher: name: Bielefeld University, Department of Business Administration and Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: Climate change
subject: doubly-differentiated R&D
subject: double dividend
subject: fiscal policy instruments
subject: technology lock-in

description: In this paper we develop an economic growth model that includes anthropogenic climate change. We include a publicly funded research sector that creates new technologies and simultaneously expands the productivities of existing technologies. The environment is affected by R&D activities both negatively, through the increase of output from productivity growth, as well as positively as new technologies are less harmful for the environment. We find that there may exist two different steadystates of the economy, depending on the amount of research spending: one with less new technologies being developed and the other with more technologies. Thus, a lock-in effect may arise that, however, can be overcome by raising R&D spending sufficiently such that the steady-state becomes unique. We derive the combinations of fiscal policy instruments for which that can be achieved and we study the implications for the economy and for the environment. In particular, the double dividend hypothesis may hold only under some specific conditions.
Investigating the biotic and abiotic drivers of body size disparity in communities of non-volant terrestrial mammals
Creators: name: Gearty, William
name: Uricchio, Lawrence
name: Lyons, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: mammal
Macroecology
Biodiversity crisis
homogenization
Body size
Community ecology
Community assembly
Dispersion

description: AimThe species that compose local communities possess unique sets of functional and ecological traits that can be used as indicators of biotic and abiotic variation across space and time. Body size is a particularly relevant trait because species with different body sizes typically have different life history strategies and occupy distinct niches. Here we used the body sizes of non-volant (i.e., non-flying) terrestrial mammals to quantify and compare the body size disparity of mammal communities across the globe.

LocationGlobal

Time periodPresent

Major taxa studiedNon-volant terrestrial mammals

MethodsWe used IUCN range maps of 3,982 terrestrial mammals to identify 1,876 communities. We then combined diet data with data on climate, elevation, and anthropogenic pressures to evaluate these variables' relative importance on the observed body size dispersion of these communities and its deviation from a null model.

ResultsDispersion is significantly greater than expected in 54% of communities and significantly less than expected in 30% of communities. The number of very large species, continent, range sizes, diet disparity, and annual temperature collectively explain >50% of the variation in observed dispersion, whereas continent, the number of very large species, and precipitation collectively explain >30% of the deviation from the null model.

Main conclusionsClimate and elevation have minimal predictive power, suggesting that biotic factors may be more important for explaining community body size distributions. Continent is consistently a strong predictor of dispersion, likely due to it capturing the effects of climate, human-induced extinctions, and more. Overall, our results are consistent with several plausible explanations, including, but not limited to, competitive exclusion, unequal distribution of resources, within-community environmental heterogeneity, habitat filtering, and ecosystem engineering. Further work focusing on other confounding variables, at finer spatial scales, and/or within more causal frameworks is required to better understand the driver(s) of these patterns.
description: Funding provided by: National Science FoundationROR ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: 2051255
Exploring the relationship between the Engineering and Physical Sciences and the Health and Life Sciences by advanced bibliometric methods
Creators: name: Waltman, Ludo
name: van Raan, Anthony F. J.
name: Smart, Sue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the extent to which advances in the health and life sciences (HLS) are dependent on research in the engineering and physical sciences (EPS), particularly physics, chemistry, mathematics, and engineering. The analysis combines two different bibliometric approaches. The first approach to analyze the 'EPS-HLS interface' is based on term map visualizations of HLS research fields. We consider 16 clinical fields and five life science fields. On the basis of expert judgment, EPS research in these fields is studied by identifying EPS-related terms in the term maps. In the second approach, a large-scale citation-based network analysis is applied to publications from all fields of science. We work with about 22,000 clusters of publications, each representing a topic in the scientific literature. Citation relations are used to identify topics at the EPS-HLS interface. The two approaches complement each other. The advantages of working with textual data compensate for the limitations of working with citation relations and the other way around. An important advantage of working with textual data is in the in-depth qualitative insights it provides. Working with citation relations, on the other hand, yields many relevant quantitative statistics. We find that EPS research contributes to HLS developments mainly in the following five ways: new materials and their properties; chemical methods for analysis and molecular synthesis; imaging of parts of the body as well as of biomaterial surfaces; medical engineering mainly related to imaging, radiation therapy, signal processing technology, and other medical instrumentation; mathematical and statistical methods for data analysis. In our analysis, about 10% of all EPS and HLS publications are classified as being at the EPS-HLS interface. This percentage has remained more or less constant during the past decade.
Consistent Use of Effective Potentials
Creators: name: Andreassen, Anders
name: Frost, William
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that effective potentials can be gauge-dependent while their values at extrema should be gauge-invariant. Unfortunately, establishing this invariance in perturbation theory is not straightforward, since contributions from arbitrarily high- order loops can be of the same size. We show in massless scalar QED that an infinite class of loops can be summed (and must be summed) to give a gauge invariant value for the potential at its minimum. In addition, we show that the exact potential depends on both the scale at which it is calculated and the normalization of the fields, but the vacuum energy does not. Using these insights, we propose a method to extract some physical quantities from effective potentials which is self-consistent order-by-order in perturbation theory, including improvement with the renormalization group.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures