Pygostolus carolinae Almeida & Penteado-Dias 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Almeida, Luis Felipe Ventura De
name: Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Pygostolus
Pygostolus carolinae

description: Pygostolus carolinae sp. nov.
(Figs 9–18)
Examined material. Holotype: ♀ “ N. Teutonia - S. C., Brasil, IX/1972, F. Plaumann leg.”[DCBU 209139]
Paratypes: 10 ♀ idem Holotype [DCBU 209140] [DCBU 209141] [DCBU209142] [DCBU209143] [DCBU 209780] [DCBU 209781] [DCBU 209782] [DCBU 209783] [DCBU 209784] [DCBU 209785]; 2 ♀ “ Morretes, PR, Brasil (IAPAR), 20.II.1985, C.I.I.F, (Luminosa)” [DCBU 209786] [DCBU 209787]; 1 ♀ “ Sao Jose dos Pinhais, PR, Brasil, BR277- Km 54, 28.V.1985, C. I.I.F, Luminosa ” [DCBU 209788]; 1♀ “ Sao Jose do Barreiro, SP, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, coleta noturna, tela, 1446m, 16.XI.2015, A.S. Soares Col.” [DCBU 209776]; 1♂ “ Ponta Grossa, (V. Velha) PR, Reserva IAPAR, BR 376, Brasil, 2.XI.1986. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, Lampada.” [DCBU 209771]; 1♂ same data except, 2.XII.1986 [DCBU 209772]; 1♂ same data except, 29.XI.1986 [DCBU 209773].
Diagnosis. Body mostly yellowish brown with flagellum dark brown (Fig. 9); wing membrane hyaline; hind leg with third tarsomere normal shaped (i.e. without spine); antenna with 29–33 flagellomeres; eye length (in dorsal view) 1.41–1.85 × temple; head height 1.21–1.48 × eye height; minimum width of face 0.93–1.23 × its height; OOL 0.36–0.66 × OD (Fig. 12); malar space 0.47–0.60 × basal mandible width; pronotal sides smooth dorso-posteriorly, carinate medially (Fig. 14); vein m-cu of fore wing antefurcal; T1 length 1.48–1.81 × its apical width; ovipositor 0.59–0.88 × metasoma length, distinctly curved downwards (Fig. 17).
Description of female. Body length: 5.51–6.82 mm.
Coloration: Body mostly yellowish brown except metasoma with T2–T8 yellow, stematicum and tarsus brown and flagellum and ovipositor sheaths dark brown; stigma yellowish-light brown.
Head: Antenna with 31–33 flagellomeres; F1 length 2.60–2.90 × its width; F2 length 2.40–3.10 × its width; F3 with same length as F4; F3 length 2.52–2.95 × its width; F4 length 2.50–3.00 × its width; penultimate flagellomere 1.33–1.62 × its width; occipital carina complete, some specimens with a small interruption dorsally; OOL 0.36–0.66 × OD; OD 0.63–1.06 × POL; eye length (in dorsal view) 1.50–1.85 × temple; head height 1.21–1.46 × eye height; malar space 0.47–0.60 × basal mandible width; minimum width of face 0.81–0.88 × its maximum width; minimum width of face 0.95–1.05 × its height; head smooth.
Mesosoma: Pronotum mostly smooth, pronotal sides carinate medially; dorso-posterior part of pronotal sides unsculptured (Fig. 14); mesonotal lobes smooth; notauli complete, carinate anteriorly, carinate-rugose posteriorly (Fig. 13); scutellum smooth; scutellar sulcus smooth with four or five carinae; mesopleuron smooth and shining above precoxal sulcus, puncticulate below (Fig. 14); precoxal sulcus complete, carinate; metapleuron rugose, almost smooth medially in some specimens; propodeum rugose to carinate-rugose with two rugulose areas anteriorly; mesosoma length 1.37–1.50 × its height.
Wings: Fore wing length 5.82–7.44 mm; vein r 0.11–0.14 × 3RS; vein 1CUa 0.12–0.38 × 1CUb; vein m-cu of fore wing antefurcal.
Legs: Femur length 4.33–5.23 × its width; tibia length 10.00–10.87 × its width; basitarsus length 3.66–4.90 × its width; tarsal claw simple.
Metasoma: T1costate or faintly costate with a smooth area centrally (Fig. 15), its length 1.50–1.81 × its apical width; ovipositor gradually curved downwards, its length 0.59–0.88 × metasoma length.
Male. Similar to females, except: Body length 4.15–5.58 mm; antenna with 29–31 flagellomeres; OOL 0.46 × OD; OD 0.86–0.94 × POL; eye length (in dorsal view) 1.41–1.55 × temple; head height 1.34–1.48 × eye height; malar space 0.45–0.60 × basal mandible width; minimum width of face 0.84–0.88 × its maximum width; minimum width of face 0.93–1.23 × its height; clypeus and face rugulose; fore wing length 3.84–5.33 mm; vein r 0.13–0.15 × 3RS; vein 1CUa 0.27–0.37 × 1CUb; mesosoma length 1.28–1.35 × its height; femur length 4.20–4.61 × its width; tibia length 7.75–10.30 × its width; basitarsus length 4.57–4.66 × its width; T1 length 1.48–1.61 × its apical width.
Comments. Pygostolus carolinae sp. nov is more similar to P. falcatus. Both species have the dorso-posterior part of pronotal sides largely smooth, ovipositor sheath comparatively slender and ovipositor distinctly bent downwards. The new species can be distinguished mainly by its larger eyes and ocelli: malar space 0.45–0.60 × basal mandible width and OOL 0.36–0.66 × OD.
The larger specimens of P. carolinae sp. nov. also resemble, P. sticticus and P. multiarticulatus, due to having a similar color, body size and number of flagelomeres. The new species can be distinguished from booth of these by having the dorso-posterior part of pronotal sides unsculptured. The new species can also be easily distinguished from P. sticticus by having the ovipositor longer, clearly curved downwards and with its apex slender (Fig. 17).
Distribution. Brazil; Parana, Santa Catarina and Sao Paulo state.
Etymology. This species is named after Carolina Reigada Montoya, in recognition for her comments in an early version of this paper.
description: Published as part of Almeida, Luis Felipe Ventura De & Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria, 2018, First record of the genera Centistoides van Achterberg and Pygostolus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Brazil, with the description of new species, pp. 465-473 in Zootaxa 4457 (3) on pages 467-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/1457953