cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmic String Interpretation of NANOGrav Pulsar Timing Data
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Lewicki, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar timing data used to provide upper limits on a possible stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). However, the NANOGrav Collaboration has recently reported strong evidence for a stochastic common-spectrum process, which we interpret as a SGWB in the framework of cosmic strings. The possible NANOGrav signal would correspond to a string tension $Gμ\in (4 \times 10^{-11}, 10^{-10}) $ at the 68% confidence level, with a different frequency dependence from supermassive black hole mergers. The SGWB produced by cosmic strings with such values of $Gμ$ would be beyond the reach of LIGO, but could be measured by other planned and proposed detectors such as SKA, LISA, TianQin, AION-1km, AEDGE, Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer.
description: matches version published in PRL
Cervera Salinas, Vicente (2014). Borges en la Ciudad de los Inmortales. Sevilla: Editorial Renacimiento, pp. 356. Colección Iluminaciones
Creators: name: Cecere, Fabiola
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2015

description:

description: Rassegna iberistica
Surface density profiles of collisionless disc merger remnants
Creators: name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Trujillo, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed surface density analysis of a large sample of simulated collisionless mergers of disc galaxies with bulges (mass ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 6:1) and without bulges (mass ratios 1:1 and 3:1). They were classified, according to their bulge--to--total ($B/T$) ratio, either as a one-component system or as a two-component systems. In general projection effects change the classification of a remnant. Only merger remnants of discs with bulges show properties similar to observed early--type galaxies. Their B/T ratios are in the range $0.2
description: accepted for publication by MNRAS, low resolution figures
Effective Equations of Motion for Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Skirzewski, Aureliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many situations, one can approximate the behavior of a quantum system, i.e. a wave function subject to a partial differential equation, by effective classical equations which are ordinary differential equations. A general method and geometrical picture is developed and shown to agree with effective action results, commonly derived through path integration, for perturbations around a harmonic oscillator ground state. The same methods are used to describe dynamical coherent states, which in turn provide means to compute quantum corrections to the symplectic structure of an effective system.
description: 31 pages; v2: a new example, new references
Dynamical formation of polarons in a Bose-Einstein condensate: A variational approach
Creators: name: Ardila, L. A. Peña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of an impurity coupled to a Bose-Einstein condensate, systematically compared with recent experimental results [M. G. Skou et al., Nat. Phys. (2021)]. The dynamics of the impurity is tracked down by using a time-dependent variational coherent ansatz. For weak coupling between the impurity and the bath, analytical expressions for the time-dependent overlap (or contrast) are derived, matching quite well with previous findings obtained within a master equation approach. For strong coupling instead, the variational ansatz provides a good quantitative description of the polaron dynamics, in particular, in signaling the transition from the few to the many-body correlated regime where polarons are expected to form.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Space, time and the subject in Don Delillo’s Underworld
Creators: name: Benzon, Kirsten Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper considers the relationship between space and history as presented in Don DeLillo's Underworld (1997). I will argue that the historical conceptions articulated in this novel both formally and thematically subvert the conventional notion that history is a primarily temporal and linear construct. I will examine how DeLillo's essentially spatial mode of narrativity works to destabilize political, economic and military orders which regulate individual activity. Further, I hope to show how this mode works to reposition the individual subject as an agent in the historical text. Drawing on theoretical conceptions of Freud, Fromm, Foucault and Jameson, this paper investigates the various cultural patterns that, inasmuch as they define modernity, depend upon linear notions of time and progress for the proliferation of their hegemonic structures. DeLillo's text, an excavation of the raw material that exists beneath the surface of the " official " past, throws these patterns into question by asserting the necessary layerdness and multiplicity of experience. By casting its gaze equally at marginal and celebrated figures and dissembling the sequential patterns of supposedly finite incidence, Underworld coalesces the epistemological influences of modernity with the ontological concerns of postmodernity. Further, DeLillo's project marks a digression from the depthlessness and amorality associated with postmodern art by depicting the subject as part of a network of commodities and images, signifying, as DeLillo's protagonist remarks, "We are not excluded from our own lives" (Underworld 84). The decomposition of linear signifying chains and their attendant tyrannical regimes is achieved by the distinctly spatial metaphors and mechanisms at play in the narrative. Linear trajectories are exploded into nodal stars, or intersections, of perception and experience. This paper is concerned primarily with the various hypertextual assemblages in Underworld, and how the intermeshing of media forms evinces a tolerating and coordinating historical configuration.
Rheological study of polymer flow past rough surfaces with slip boundary conditions
Creators: name: Niavarani, Anoosheh
name: Priezjev, Nikolai V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The slip phenomena in thin polymer films confined by either flat or periodically corrugated surfaces are investigated by molecular dynamics and continuum simulations. For atomically flat surfaces and weak wall-fluid interactions, the shear rate dependence of the slip length has a distinct local minimum which is followed by a rapid increase at higher shear rates. For corrugated surfaces with wavelength larger than the radius of gyration of polymer chains, the effective slip length decays monotonically with increasing corrugation amplitude. At small amplitudes, this decay is reproduced accurately by the numerical solution of the Stokes equation with constant and rate-dependent local slip length. When the corrugation wavelength is comparable to the radius of gyration, the continuum predictions overestimate the effective slip length obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis of the conformational properties indicates that polymer chains tend to stretch in the direction of shear flow above the crests of the wavy surface.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures; Web reference added for animations: http://www.egr.msu.edu/~priezjev/roughness/text.htm
Theoretical Aspects of a Dynamic Programming Model for Studying the Allocation of Land to Pasture Improvement
Creators: name: Throsby, C.D.
name: Throsby, C.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The study on which this article is based is hoped to be the first of a series investigating the use of dynamic programming in agricultural allocation decisions. The model presented in this article was constructed in simple form to study once-over sequences of allocation of land to some activity of long-run benefit. The activity chosen was pasture improvement, but as will be seen later the section of the model which describes pasture improvement could be altered to make the model specific to some other relevant activity if desired. The presentation of this article is as follows: First the nature of dynamic programming as an analytical tool is explained. Then the dynamic programming relationships in the model are constructed and a simple numerical example is given to illustrate the computational procedure. The second part of the model, which derives the pasture improvement return functions, is then shown. Some general computational problems are discussed, following which the properties of both parts of the model are investigated in some detail.
Dynamical and Spectral Modeling of the Ionized Gas and Nuclear Environment in NGC 3783
Creators: name: Chelouche, Doron
name: Netzer, Hagai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach for calculating the physical properties of highly ionized X-ray flows in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Our method relies on a detailed treatment of the structure, dynamics and spectrum of the gas. A quantitative comparison of our model predictions with the 900 ksec Chandra/HETG X-ray spectrum of NGC 3783 shows that: (1) The highly ionized outflow is driven by thermal pressure gradients and radiation pressure force is less important. (2) A full featured dynamical model that provides a very good fit to the high resolution X-ray spectrum requires a multi-phased flow with a density power spectrum reminiscent of the interstellar medium. (3) Adiabatic cooling is an important factor and so is an additional heating source that may be related to the apparent multi-phase and turbulent nature of the flow. (4) The base of the flow is ~1pc from the central object, in agreement with some, but not all previous estimates. (5) The mass loss rate is in the range 0.01-0.1 solar masses per year which is smaller than previous estimates and of the same order of the mass accretion rate in this object.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Pisanje projektnih predlogov v programu Obzorje Evropa / Horizon Europe Proposal Writing
Creators: name: Assist. Prof. Dr. Danijela Ćirić Lalić
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Spletno usposabljanje je 28. 11. 2023 organizirala Univerza v Mariboru v okviru projekta KRPAN. Priložena je predstavitev z dogodka.
Extension Services and the Grazier on the South-West Slope
Creators: name: Parish, Ross M.
name: Parish, Ross M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1956
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In this article information is presented regarding the extent to which graziers in a portion of the South West Slope have availed themselves of the extension services offered by the Department of Agriculture. Some analysis is also made of the characteristics of those who have had most, and of those who have had least, contact with the extension services. The material on which the article is based was collected, late in 1954 and early in 1955, from a random sample of IS0 graziers residing in the shires of Gundagai, Tumut, Tumbarumba, Holbrook and Kyeamba. A full description of the survey area and the sampling method, has already been published in this Review.'
“Altre” Asie e periferie il caso Uiguro: epistemicidio, islamofobia e ingiustizia sociale
Creators: name: Olivieri, Chiara
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: Coloniality; Xinjiang; Uyghurs; Epistemologies of the South; Exile; Colonialità; Xinjiang; Uiguri; Epistemologie del Sud; Esilio

description: A new challenge emerged at the beginning of the 21st century: how to welcome cultural diversity in the context of new intercultural processes and the international order. To pursue this goal, it is essential to retrace the development of the historical creation of social, religious and cultural identities. The perception of specific identities, especially religious ones, as security risks (in particular, the global threat of terrorism) is just one of the challenges this project faces. Such perceptions create insecurity in contemporary societies. Moreover, a critical analysis of the identity construction process can undermine the often drawn equation between religion and risk. The interdisciplinary project proposed here addresses issues of growing historical importance in the present day: starting from an analysis of the structure, the living conditions and the religious practices of the Uyghur community, their symbiotic-conflictual relationship with the Han Chinese dominant national group will be taken into consideration, as well as internal or external processes against Chinese State-imposed cultural and educational models. Islam is the element that the Chinese Nation-State exploits to legitimize restrictive and violent policies against the Uyghur people: while it publicly pursues "modernizing" and "war on terror" objectives in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the ultimate goal is that of maintaining control over the territory and its natural resources. In a frame of decolonial studies, we intend to highlight the coloniality of the People's Republic of China: we also intend to evaluate how identities have historically been built in a territory that must face constant social and environmental pressure in the context of global geopolitics, a scenario that generates a Han-Uyghur/Chinese-Uyghur identity conflict. These local and regional socio-political tensions, in the last third of the 20th century, forced or encouraged Uyghur emigration from their region and from China, leading to the birth of exiled communities.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
Experimental Observation of Phase Transitions in Spatial Photonic Ising Machine
Creators: name: Fang, Yisheng
name: Huang, Junyi
name: Ruan, Zhichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical spin dynamics plays a key role to understand the working principle for novel optical Ising machines. Here we propose the gauge transformations for spatial photonic Ising machine, where a single spatial phase modulator simultaneously encodes spin configurations and programs interaction strengths. Thanks to gauge transformation, we experimentally evaluate the phase diagram of high-dimensional spin-glass equilibrium system with $100$ fully-connected spins. We observe the presence of paramagnetic, ferromagnetic as well as spin-glass phases and determine the critical temperature $T_c$ and the critical probability ${{p}_{c}}$ of phase transitions, which agree well with the mean-field theory predictions. Thus the approximation of the mean-field model is experimentally validated in the spatial photonic Ising machine. Furthermore, we discuss the phase transition in parallel with solving combinatorial optimization problems during the cooling process and identify that the spatial photonic Ising machine is robust with sufficient many-spin interactions, even when the system is associated with the optical aberrations and the measurement uncertainty.
Tunable temperature induced magnetization jump in a GdVO3 single crystal
Creators: name: Tung, L D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a novel feature of the temperature induced magnetization jump observed along the a-axis of the GdVO3 single crystal at temperature TM = 0.8 K. Below TM, the compound shows no coercivity and remanent magnetization indicating a homogenous antiferromagnetic structure. However, we will demonstrate that the magnetic state below TM is indeed history dependent and it shows up in different jumps in the magnetization only when warming the sample through TM. Such a magnetic memory effect is highly unusual and suggesting different domain arrangements in the supposedly homogenous antiferromagnetic phase of the compound.
description: 17 pages, 8 Figures
Re-writing otherness: Jack London photographer
Creators: name: Laddago, Maria Giulia
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: photography; intermediality; colonialism; otherness; phototext

description: This paper aims to analyze the relationship between writing, photography and the representation of otherness in Jack London’s The People of the Abyss (1903) and The Cruise of the Snark (1911), the only works illustrated by his own photographs. The first is the report of a six-weeks stay in the East End of London, where he lived with the poor and documented their condition; the second retraces a boat trip in the South Pacific Islands, where he witnessed the effects of colonialism. The purpose is to shed light on London’s unconventional approach towards otherness, as well as on the role of intermediality in these works, ascribable to the genre of phototexts. In stark contrast to the common Western representation of poor and non-white people, the author re-writes their stories in a hybrid transposition on the edge between words and images.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
FED CATTLE PRICE DISCOVERY: DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH AND TIME SERIES MODELING
Creators: name: Lee, Andrew C.
name: Kim, Man-Keun
name: Lee, Andrew C.
name: Kim, Man-Keun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: fed cattle
subject: price discovery
subject: directed acyclic graph
subject: causality

description: Locating fed cattle price discovery center is revisited using the framework that combines recent progress in causal research with time series analysis. The Bernanke factorization in innovation accounting is obtained by a graphical method called directed acyclic graph which uses data to identify the contemporaneous causal structure among the innovations. This may represent an improvement over the conventional methods which use human judgment and/or theory to supply such information. Results indicate that Kansas market is a dominant price leader where new information is discovered. Contrary to the previous studies, Nebraska market does not appear to be a price discovery location.
When perfectionism becomes willpower
Creators: name: Pennesi, Daniele
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2016
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Perfectionism can be healthy: striving for perfection requires the ability to selfregulate,
namely willpower. This paper formalizes the intuitive relation between
healthy perfectionism and willpower in the presence of temptation. The value of a
menu of options for an individual with limited willpower corresponds to the lower
bound of the value assigned to the same menu by a perfectionist, when temptation
and perfectionism intensities are free to vary. Moreover, the higher the perfectionism
strive, the higher the willpower. The relation between overwhelming temptation and
the Strotz model is a particular case of the result. When there is uncertainty about
temptation, we generalize Dekel and Lipman (2012) providing conditions such that a
preference is represented by a random willpower representation, if and only if, it has
an equivalent random perfectionism representation.
Natural Resources Endowment and Economic Growth in the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Elliott, Vaughn M.
name: Hartarska, Valentina M.
name: Bailey, Conner
name: Elliott, Vaughn M.
name: Hartarska, Valentina M.
name: Bailey, Conner
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Using forest concentration data from Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia, this paper test whether or not the low-level of economic growth is related to forest resource intensity and Dutch Disease. Specifically, cross sectional data from 815 counties are used to evaluate how changes personal income growth is affected by concentration of forestry resources, government and business investment, educational investment and consumption. We find evidence that the county economies in the South may suffer from Dutch Disease.
Neurodegenerative diseases: molecular mechanisms and new strategies for neuroprotection
Creators: name: Sita, Giulia <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: BIO/14 Farmacologia

description: The term neurodegeneration defines numerous conditions that modify neuron’s normal functions in the human brain where is possible to observe a progressive and consistent neuronal loss. The mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative chronic and acute diseases evolution are not completely understood yet, however they share common characteristics such as misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, inflammation, excitotoxicity, and neuronal loss. Many studies have shown the frequency to develop neurodegenerative chronic diseases several years after an acute brain injury. In addition, many patients show, after a traumatic brain injury, motor and cognitive manifestations that are close to which are observed in neurodegenerative chronic patients. For this reason it is evident how is fundamental the concept of neuroprotection as a way to modulate the neurodegenerative processes evolution. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the apoptotic process may be functional targets where operate to this end. Taking into account these considerations, the aim of the present study is to identify potential common pathogenetic pathways in neurodegenerative diseases using an integrated approach of preclinical studies. The goal is to delineate therapeutic strategies for the prevention of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and dysfunctions associated to Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cerebral ischemia. In the present study we used a murine model of PD treated with an isothiocyanate, 6-MSITC, able to quench ROS formation, restore the antioxidant GSH system, slow down the apoptotic neuronal death and counteract motor dysfunction induced by 6-OHDA. In the second study we utilized a transgenic mouse model knockout for CD36 receptor to investigate the inflammation involvement in a long term study of MCAo, which shows a better outcome after the damage induced. In conclusion, results in this study allow underlying the connection among these pathologies, and the importance of a neuroprotective strategy able to restore neurons activity where current drugs therapies have shown palliative but not healing abilities.
Firm Size, Technical Change and Wages: Evidence from the Pork Sector from 1990-2005
Creators: name: Yu, Li
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Yu, Li
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Orazem, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: A long-standing puzzle in labor economics has been the positive relationship between wages and firm size. Even after controlling for worker's observed characteristics such as education, work experience, gender, and geographic location, a significant firm size wage effect averaging 15 percent remains. This paper investigates whether the size-wage premium on hog farms persists over time and whether the magnitude is growing or shrinking. The paper pays particular attention to the matching process by which workers are allocated to farms of different size and technology use, and whether the matching process may explain differences in wages across farms. The study relies on four surveys of employees on hog farms collected in 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005. The survey was conducted across the United States. The data allow us to evaluate how farm size and technology adoption have changed over time and how employee pay has changed in response to these changes. Detailed investigations of these pay differences between small and large hog farms and between farms using few and many technologies show that the differences cannot be explained away by differences in the education, work experience, or geographic location of the farm. Although more educated and experienced workers are more likely to work on larger and more technologically advanced hog farms, the positive relationships between wages and both farm size and technology remain large and statistically significant when differences in observable worker attributes are controlled. Furthermore, these effects are reinforcing in that large hog farms also adopt more technologies, and so the firm size effect persists even after differences in the number of technologies are held constant. The size-wage and technology-wage prema have persisted over time, and we cannot reject the null hypothesis that the premia are constant over the sample period.
Accretion of Mass and Angular Momentum onto The Discs of Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Pezzulli, Gabriele <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: FIS/05 Astronomia e astrofisica

description: In this Thesis, we study the accretion of mass and angular momentum onto the disc of spiral galaxies from a global and a local perspective and comparing theory predictions with several observational data.

First, we propose a method to measure the specific mass and radial growth rates of stellar discs, based on their star formation rate density profiles and we apply it to a sample of nearby spiral galaxies. We find a positive radial growth rate for almost all galaxies in our sample. Our galaxies grow in size, on average, at one third of the rate at which they grow in mass. Our results are in agreement with theoretical expectations if known scaling relations of disc galaxies are not evolving with time.

We also propose a novel method to reconstruct accretion profiles and the local angular momentum of the accreting material from the observed structural and chemical properties of spiral galaxies. Applied to the Milky Way and to one external galaxy, our analysis indicates that accretion occurs at relatively large radii and has a local deficit of angular momentum with respect to the disc.

Finally, we show how structure and kinematics of hot gaseous coronae, which are believed to be the source of mass and angular momentum of massive spiral galaxies, can be reconstructed from their angular momentum and entropy distributions. We find that isothermal models with cosmologically motivated angular momentum distributions are compatible with several independent observational constraints. We also consider more complex baroclinic equilibria: we describe a new parametrization for these states, a new self-similar family of solution and a method for reconstructing structure and kinematics from the joint angular momentum/entropy distribution.
Quantum phases driven by strong correlations
Creators: name: Paschen, Silke
name: Si, Qimiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been thought that strongly correlated systems are adiabatically connected to their noninteracting counterpart. Recent developments have highlighted the fallacy of this traditional notion in a variety of settings. Here we use a class of strongly correlated electron systems as a platform to illustrate the kind of quantum phases and fluctuations that are created by strong correlations. Examples are quantum critical states that violate the Fermi liquid paradigm, unconventional superconductivity that goes beyond the BCS framework, and topological semimetals induced by the Kondo interaction. We assess the prospect of designing other exotic phases of matter, by utilizing alternative degrees of freedom or alternative interactions, and point to the potential of these correlated states for quantum technology.
description: 55 pages in preprint format, 8 figures, 1 supplementary figure, 2 supplementary info boxes; 1 figure panel exchanged, text slightly amended
Optimizing illumination for precise multi-parameter estimations in coherent diffractive imaging
Creators: name: Bouchet, Dorian
name: Seifert, Jacob
name: Mosk, Allard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) is widely used to characterize structured samples from measurements of diffracting intensity patterns. We introduce a numerical framework to quantify the precision that can be achieved when estimating any given set of parameters characterizing the sample from measured data. The approach, based on the calculation of the Fisher information matrix, provides a clear benchmark to assess the performance of CDI methods. Moreover, by optimizing the Fisher information metric using deep learning optimization libraries, we demonstrate how to identify the optimal illumination scheme that minimizes the estimation error under specified experimental constrains. This work paves the way for an efficient characterization of structured samples at the sub-wavelength scale.
Experimental proposal for accurate determination of the phase relaxation time and testing a formation of thermalized non-equilibrated matter in highly excited quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Bienert, Marc
name: Flores, Jorge
name: Kun, Sergey Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate how accurate the phase relaxation time of quantum many-body systems can be determined from data on forward peaking of evaporating protons from a compound nucleus. The angular range and accuracy of the data needed for a reliable determination of the phase relaxation time are evaluated. The general method is applied to analyze the inelastic scattering of 18 MeV protons from Pt for which previously measured double differential cross sections for two angles in the evaporating domain of the spectra show a strong forward peaking. A new experiment for an improved determination of the phase relaxation time is proposed. The experiment is also highly desirable for an accurate test of a formation of thermalized non-equilibrated matter in quantum many-body systems.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Gravitational Lensing as a Tool on Galactic and Cosmological Scales
Creators: name: Tessore, Nicolas <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: FIS/05 Astronomia e astrofisica

description: This work considers the reconstruction of strong gravitational lenses from their observed effects on the light distribution of background sources.
After reviewing the formalism of gravitational lensing and the most common and relevant lens models, new analytical results on the elliptical power law lens are presented, including new expressions for the deflection, potential, shear and magnification, which naturally lead to a fast numerical scheme for practical calculation.

The main part of the thesis investigates lens reconstruction with extended sources by means of the forward reconstruction method, in which the lenses and sources are given by parametric models.
The numerical realities of the problem make it necessary to find targeted optimisations for the forward method, in order to make it feasible for general applications to modern, high resolution images.
The result of these optimisations is presented in the \textsc{Lensed} algorithm.
Subsequently, a number of tests for general forward reconstruction methods are created to decouple the influence of sourced from lens reconstructions, in order to objectively demonstrate the constraining power of the reconstruction.

The final chapters on lens reconstruction contain two sample applications of the forward method.
One is the analysis of images from a strong lensing survey.
Such surveys today contain $\sim 100$ strong lenses, and much larger sample sizes are expected in the future, making it necessary to quickly and reliably analyse catalogues of lenses with a fixed model.
The second application deals with the opposite situation of a single observation that is to be confronted with different lens models, where the forward method allows for natural model-building.
This is demonstrated using an example reconstruction of the ``Cosmic Horseshoe''.

An appendix presents an independent work on the use of weak gravitational lensing to investigate theories of modified gravity which exhibit screening in the non-linear regime of structure formation.
A role for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in platelet aggregation
Creators: name: Stevens, Christiaan Simeon Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The aggregation of human platelets is an important physiological hemostatic event contingent upon receptor-dependent activation of the surface integrin GPIIb-IIIa and subsequent binding of fibrinogen. Previous studies have demonstrated that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) is activated both prior to, and following, activation of GPIIb-IIIa in human platelets, but the role of PI 3-kinase in platelets has not been elucidated. The objective of the work contained in this thesis was to better understand the function of PI 3-kinase in platelets. I showed that the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase associates with a tyrosine-phosphorylated 105 kDa protein. This association was dependent on GPIIb-IIIa activation and was not inhibited by PI 3-kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, the protein was not immunoreactive with several antibodies to known proteins in this weight range. PI 3-kinase inhibitors were also used to probe the dependence of thrombin-induced aggregation on PI 3-kinase. It was found that when platelets were stimulated with high concentrations of thrombin in the presence of LY294002, a competitive inhibitor of PI 3- kinase, the inhibitors had no affect on aggregation nor GPIIb-IIIa activation. However, with lower concentrations of thrombin, aggregation and GPIIb-IIIa activation were almost completely inhibited by LY294002. These results indicate that aggregation and GPIIb-IIIa activation is less dependent on PI 3-kinase activity when high concentrations of agonist are used, indicating that there are PI 3-kinase-independent pathways that can function under these conditions. Finally, the role of the SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase (SHIP) in regulating the products of PI 3-kinase in platelets was investigated using mice with a targeted gene disruption. It was found that the level of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] was increased in SHIP"7" platelets in response to Collagen Related Peptide (CRP) whereas formation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] was reduced demonstrating a role for the 5-phosphatase in the metabolism of PI(3,4,5)P3 . I also demonstrated that the elevation of PI(3,4,5)P3 was insufficient to activate phospholipase C but it enhanced the elevation of the protein tyrosine kinase, Btk, and calcium influx.
“Ma con la B posso dirla?”: social media e percorsi di negoziazione della n-word tra appropriazione culturale e policy della piattaforma
Creators: name: Forte, Gabriele
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: n-word; rap; blackness; fan; social media

description: This study aims to explore some issues related to the problems of the so-called n-word (Kennedy 2008). We refer to the context of rap music, whose transcultural consumption brings performative references to black culture (Taronna 2016) to controversial appropriations of meaning. We focus in particular on relationship between “n-word" and the Italian rap scene, deepening in the context of social media some reflections that emerge within a particular audience community. Practices of participatory cultures within social web (Boccia Artieri 2012) can be an interesting clue about the collective construction of an interpretation of a controversial issue, within which we see several voices emerge on the possible contextualization of n-word uses, that have to deal with the normative negotiations of platforms policy (Gillespie 2010) and possible drifts of meaning.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
Modelling the dynamics of organisational change in a Spanish industrial cooperative
Creators: name: Sopelana, Amaia
name: Kunc, Martin
name: Rivera, Olga
name: Aranceta, Javier
name: Castellanos, Arturo Rodriguez
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is increasing attention on the need for dynamic approaches to manage organisational change in order to sustain competitive advantage in changing business environments. Current frameworks and methods are misleading in terms of the fact that flexibility is a temporal and dynamic condition for survival in environments with a high degree of variability in most real-world organisations. This study aims to examine determinants underpinning organisational change strategies throughout the enterprise lifecycle in order to develop a predictive method that will help managers in the design of effective change options dealing with the complexity of organisational flexibility. A system dynamics model was constructed based on theoretical and empirical data from a case study of a Spanish cooperative company. Then, the predictive method shows the impact of managers’ decisions on organisational flexibility through simulations. The effectiveness of change strategies is investigated through the dynamic behaviour of key variables. These factors cause relevant delays on the desired results and could force firms to choose an inappropriate path for change. This study offers significant implications for theory and practice.
How Attitudes of Important Stakeholder Groups Can Influence Effective Water Quality Management
Creators: name: Popp, Jennie S. Hughes
name: Rodriguez, German
name: Gbur, Edward E.
name: Pennington, John
name: Popp, Jennie S. Hughes
name: Rodriguez, German
name: Gbur, Edward E.
name: Pennington, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Preliminary results of a survey of Lincoln Lake agricultural and non-agricultural watershed residents as well as water quality regulators/specialists suggests discrepancies exists in different groups perceptions of water quality, the sources of water pollution, and the roles of local, county, state and federal officials in meeting water quality objectives.
Measuring the Efficiency Effect of Banning Anti-Microbial Growth Promoters: The Case of Danish Pig Production
Creators: name: Lawson, Lartey Godwin
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Jensen, Peter V.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Lawson, Lartey Godwin
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Jensen, Peter V.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal health economics
subject: food economics
subject: shadow prices
subject: efficiency
subject: antimicrobial growth promoters
subject: pig production

description: This study examines the effect of banning antimicrobial growth promoters on efficiency in the production of weaned and slaughter (finishing) pigs. We focus on the reaction of producers and production efficiency. We evaluate the estimated output and input shadow prices relative to market prices to analyse producer reactions and capture the impact on production efficiency by evaluating the effects of the ban changes on total factor productivity. To this end we model a multi product shadow profit function and incorporate output and input related shadow prices by using a second order flexible functional form. The development in total factor productivity is subsequently measured by calculating the Malmquist index on the farm level. To make infer-ences on the effect of banning growth promoters over time we regress in a second estimation step the changes in total factor productivity on potential explanatory factors by applying a bootstrapped censored regression procedure. Our results suggest that there was no effect of the ban on total factor productivity due to outputs and inputs substitution. Breeding pigs are pro-duced at the expense of weaned and finisher pigs. Feed input is over utilised relative to other inputs. The high shadow prices for substituting outputs are associated with better export mar-ket prices. These findings may have critical implications for the slaughtering plants with over capacity.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of potential EDTA alternatives
Creators: name: Mulla, Raminder
name: Yufit, Dmitry S.
name: J.A. Gareth Williams
name: Sa, Tanya De
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: EDTA is a ligand used widely for its chelating ability, in consumer products to inhibit bacterial growth, spoilage and discolouration, thus contributing to formulation quality and safety. As EDTA has been shown to have poor biodegradability and has the potential to accumulate in wastewater, there is an interest to reduce environmental exposure by identifying alternative chelators to expand the chemical work space. We have therefore set out to synthesise and evaluate possible EDTA alternatives to establish relevant design criteria for systems that can be used at a lower concentration.

This poster describes work to characterise the bacterial growth inhibition effects of a series of ligands containing amide and phenolate groups. Ca(II) affinity data at pH 7 for selected ligands have been obtained using competitive methods, and indicate that the metal affinity of the ligands studied for Ca(II) is not a good predictor of E. coli growth inhibition.

The pKa of the parent phenol O-H group (not on the ligand itself) of a phenolate ligand is shown to be a reasonable predictor of the extent of the E. coli inhibition that it will have (a lower pKa means more extensive inhibition).
Determinantal ideals and monomial curves in the three-dimensional space
Creators: name: Barile, Margherita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C40; 14H50; 14M25

description: We show that the defining ideal of every monomial curve in the affine or projective three-dimensional space can be set-theoretically defined by three binomial equations, two of which set-theoretically define a determinantal ideal generated by the 2-minors of a $2\times 3$ matrix with monomial entries.
Arbitrary-Oriented Ship Detection through Center-Head Point Extraction
Creators: name: Zhang, Feng
name: Wang, Xueying
name: Zhou, Shilin
name: Wang, Yingqian
name: Hou, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ship detection in remote sensing images plays a crucial role in various applications and has drawn increasing attention in recent years. However, existing arbitrary-oriented ship detection methods are generally developed on a set of predefined rotated anchor boxes. These predefined boxes not only lead to inaccurate angle predictions but also introduce extra hyper-parameters and high computational cost. Moreover, the prior knowledge of ship size has not been fully exploited by existing methods, which hinders the improvement of their detection accuracy. Aiming at solving the above issues, in this paper, we propose a center-head point extraction based detector (named CHPDet) to achieve arbitrary-oriented ship detection in remote sensing images. Our CHPDet formulates arbitrary-oriented ships as rotated boxes with head points which are used to determine the direction. And rotated Gaussian kernel is used to map the annotations into target heatmaps. Keypoint estimation is performed to find the center of ships. Then, the size and head point of the ships are regressed. The orientation-invariant model (OIM) is also used to produce orientation-invariant feature maps. Finally, we use the target size as prior to finetune the results. Moreover, we introduce a new dataset for multi-class arbitrary-oriented ship detection in remote sensing images at a fixed ground sample distance (GSD) which is named FGSD2021. Experimental results on FGSD2021 and two other widely used data sets, i.e., HRSC2016, and UCAS-AOD demonstrate that our CHPDet achieves state-of-the-art performance and can well distinguish between bow and stern. Code and FGSD2021 dataset are available at https://github.com/zf020114/CHPDet.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (TGRS)
Per un immaginario afrofuturista del nuovo millennio
Creators: name: Haqq, Abu Qadim
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: Afrofuturism, Qadim Haqq; techno; Drexciya; Detroit; postcolonialism

description: This text presents the pictorial work of the Detroit artist Abdul Qadim Haqq, together with the announcement of the next publication of the second volume of the Book of Drexciya, a graphic novel that continues the sonic-oceanic mythology of the legendary electro duo named Drexciya. Although less known, this is essential in order to understand the artist's cross-media nature and define the signs that have made him one of the most famous artists related to Afrofuturism. (a cura di Claudia Attimonelli, testo di Michele Di Stasi)
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
The Tariff Equivalent and Forgone Trade Effects of Prohibitive Technical Barriers to Trade
Creators: name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: corner solution
subject: Kuhn-Tucker model
subject: New Zealand apples
subject: NTB
subject: TBT
subject: technical barrier to trade
subject: nontariff barrier
subject: prohibitive
subject: random utility

description: We derive a method to econometrically estimate the tariff equivalent and foregone trade effects of a prohibitive technical barrier to trade (TBT) based on Wales and Woodland’s Kuhn-Tucker approach to corner solutions in consumer choice. The method overcomes the lack of observed data on bilateral trade flows and accounts for differentiated goods by place of origin. We apply the derived random utility model to international trade in apples to identify the tariff equivalent of prohibitive nontariff trade barriers imposed by Australia on potential imports of New Zealand apples. We estimate the forgone apple trade between the two countries, the implied trade injury imposed by Australia on New Zealand, and the welfare loss to Australia. The removal of the TBTs would induce net welfare gains around US$50 million annually for Australia.
description: Replaced by revised version of paper 05/05/08. (Former title: How to Estimate a Technical Barrier to Trade When There Is No Trade)