cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-universal results induced by diversity distribution in coupled excitable systems
Creators: name: Lafuerza, Luis F.
name: Colet, Pere
name: Toral, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of globally coupled active rotators near the excitable regime. The system displays a transition to a state of collective firing induced by disorder. We show that this transition is found generically for any diversity distribution with well defined moments. Singularly, for the Lorentzian distribution (widely used in Kuramoto-like systems) the transition is not present. This warns about the use of Lorentzian distributions to understand the generic properties of coupled oscillators.
Transverse-Spin and Transverse-Momentum Effects in High-Energy Processes
Creators: name: Barone, Vincenzo
name: Bradamante, Franco
name: Martin, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The state of the art concerning transverse-spin and transverse-momentum phenomena in hard hadronic reactions is reviewed. An account is given of single-spin and azimuthal asymmetries in semiinclusive deep inelastic scattering, e^+ e^- annihilation, Drell-Yan production, and hadroproduction. The ongoing experiments and the main theoretical frameworks are described in the first part of the paper. The second part is devoted to the experimental findings and their phenomenological interpretations. A brief discussion of the perspectives of future measurements is finally presented.
description: 95 pages
Potential splitting approach to multichannel Coulomb scattering: the driven Schrödinger equation formulation
Creators: name: Volkov, M. V.
name: Yakovlev, S. L.
name: Yarevsky, E. A.
name: Elander, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we suggest a new approach for the multichannel Coulomb scattering problem. The Schrödinger equation for the problem is reformulated in the form of a set of inhomogeneous equations with a finite-range driving term. The boundary conditions at infinity for this set of equations have been proven to be purely outgoing waves. The formulation {presented here} is based on splitting the interaction potential into a finite range core part and a long range tail part. The conventional matching procedure coupled with the integral Lippmann-Schwinger equations technique are used in the formal theoretical basis of this approach. The reformulated scattering problem is suitable for application in the exterior complex scaling technique: the practical advantage is that after the complex scaling the problem is reduced to a boundary problem with zero boundary conditions. The Coulomb wave functions are used only at a single point: if this point is chosen to be at a sufficiently large distance, on using the asymptotic expansion of Coulomb functions, one may completely avoid the Coulomb functions in the calculations. The theoretical results are illustrated with numerical calculations for two models.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Derivation of a New Smoke Emissions Inventory using Remote Sensing, and Its Implications for Near Real-Time Air Quality Applications
Creators: name: Ellison, Luke
name: Ichoku, Charles
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Earth Resources And Remote Sensing

description: 2012 International Emissions Inventory Conference, Tampa, FL, United States, August 13-16, 2012
description: A new emissions inventory of particulate matter (PM) is being derived mainly from remote sensing data using fire radiative power (FRP) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument, as well as wind data from the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis dataset, which spans the satellite era. This product is generated using a coefficient of emission, Cₑ, that has been produced on a 1x1 degree global grid such that, when it is multiplied with satellite measurements of FRP or its time-integrated equivalent fire radiative energy (FRE) retrieved over a given area and time period, the corresponding PM emissions are estimated. This methodology of using Cₑ to derive PM emissions is relatively new and advantageous for near real-time air quality applications compared to current methods based on post-fire burned area that may not provide emissions in a timely manner. Furthermore, by using FRP to characterize a fire's output, it will represent better accuracy than the use of raw fire pixel counts, since fires in individual pixels can differ in size and strength by orders of magnitude, resulting in similar differences in emission rates. Here we will show examples of this effect and how this new emission inventory can properly account for the differing emission rates from fires of varying strengths. We also describe the characteristics of the new emissions inventory, and propose the process chain of incorporating it into models for air quality applications.
Phase-matched coherent hard x-rays from relativistic high-order harmonic generation
Creators: name: Kohler, Markus C.
name: Klaiber, Michael
name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-order harmonic generation (HHG) with relativistically strong laser pulses is considered employing electron ionization-recollisions from multiply charged ions in counterpropagating, linearly polarized attosecond pulse trains. The propagation of the harmonics through the medium and the scaling of HHG into the multi-kilo-electronvolt regime are investigated. We show that the phase mismatch caused by the free electron background can be compensated by an additional phase of the emitted harmonics specific to the considered setup which depends on the delay time between the pulse trains. This renders feasible the phase-matched emission of harmonics with photon energies of several tens of kilo-electronvolt from an underdense plasma.
Numerically exact solvable random-bond Ising model
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Exact free energies are calculated numerically for aL×L-Ising lattice (LlE800) with constant nearest neighbour coupling between adjacent columns and random n.n. coupling between adjacent rows. For the latter a gaussian and a double-peaked delta-distribution are investigated. The result should be useful as a check of the controversially discussed replica trick [1]. In agreement with the numerical treatment a mean field approximation shows a transition to a spinglass phase.
Time-dependent specific heat in spin-glasses
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Investigating energy and entropy barriers between ground-state valleys in the two-dimensional ±J- Ising—spin-glass model we predict time-dependent effects in the specific heat. We consider the possibility of observing these effects in experiments as another interesting feature of spin-glasses.
Giant enhancement of photodissociation of polar dimers in electric fields
Creators: name: González-Férez, R.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the photodissociation of polar dimers in static electric fields in the cold regime using the example of the LiCs molecule. A giant enhancement of the differential cross section is found for laboratory electric field strengths, and analyzed with varying rovibrational bound states, continuum energies as well as field strengths.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Comment on "Canonical-ensemble results for the Ising model with random bonds in two dimensions"
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: In numerical calculations of a quantity Λ(T)≡-∂lnχEA′/∂T, where χEA′≡Σ(〈σiσj〉T2)J for finite L×L Edwards-Anderson (EA) models, Fernández [Phys. Rev. B 25, 417 (1982)] finds that Λ(T) has a peak at T0≈0.6 (Gaussian model) or T0≈1.0, for L=4,6,8,10,or 11, respectively. He finds that the peak height Λmax=Λ(T0) increases in direct proportion to L, and interprets his results in terms of a phase transition at T0, where the correlation length ξEA∝(T-T0)-1. This conclusion is in disagreement with our previous findings that ξEA is finite in this temperature range, although a (dynamic) "freezing transition" of the spins occurs at Tf≈1.0 (Gaussian model) or Tf≈1.3 (±J model), which lead us to suggest that the two-dimensional EA model has a phase transition at zero temperature only.
The Way Forward on Ecosystem-Based Marine Spatial Planning in the EU
Creators: name: Kirkfeldt, Trine Skovgaard
name: van Tatenhove, Jan P. M.
name: Calado, Helena M. G. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Marine spatial planning (MSP) is currently practiced by almost half of the world’s nations. While some countries are working on their second, third or fourth round of MSP, many are going through their first round of marine spatial planning. Thus, there are experiences to share and to reflect upon. Current practices of MSP show a minimum of ecosystem-based approaches, which indicates a need to develop the practice further. This paper examines and compares best practices, selected by MSP experts, of how to take an ecosystem-based approach in MSP and presents a list of concrete actions for an ecosystem-based approach. The consulted experts consider close connections to other policies, such as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the Habitat Directive, as key to an ecosystem-based MSP process. While most experts think there is a need for more, preferably localized and specific, guidelines, some find the existing guidelines adequate but the knowledge of how to operationalize them inadequate. The selection of best practices is diverse and suggests many different ways to practice ecosystem-based MSP.
3D Ising model with Swendsen-Wang dynamics: a parallel approach
Creators: name: Bauernfeind, M.
name: Hackl, R.
name: Matuttis, H. G.
name: Singer, Johannes Maria
name: Husslein, Thomas
name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We propose an efficient parallel implementation of the Swendsen-Wang algorithm for a 3D Ising system. A modified relaxation method was used for the parallelization. The simulations were performed on the Intel Paragon. We discuss the implementation in detail.
Recalcitrant nutrient removal using heterogeneous struvite precipitation in anaerobic digestion dewatering centrate
Creators: name: Abel-Denee, Marco Mathew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The primary objective of this research was to remove recalcitrant nutrients from anaerobically digested sludge dewatering centrate. Recalcitrant nutrients are defined as small (<0.45 µm) particles or molecules containing bound phosphorus and/or nitrogen and are commonly referred to as non-reactive dissolved phosphorus and dissolved organic nitrogen. Recalcitrant nutrients will persist through wastewater treatment processes and contaminate treated wastewater. The situation is complicated by anaerobic digestion of solid residuals, which load a wastewater treatment facility with more recalcitrant nutrients through internal sidestream recirculation loops. Recalcitrant nutrient treatment may be required for wastewater treatment facilities looking to use anaerobic digestion for energy (biogas) recovery and meet stringent nutrient discharge requirement. A struvite precipitation methodology is proposed where salt crystals are encouraged to ballast colloidal particles through heterogeneous nucleation. Four biologically unique dewatering centrates were used to test the precipitation methodology on the variety of anaerobic digester configurations that can be expected from municipal wastewater treatment plant. The effect of digestion sludge retention time (2 day, 20 day) and digestion temperature (35°C, 55°C) on the removal of dissolved unreactive phosphorus and nitrogen was monitored. Averaged across all four centrates, the precipitation methodology resulted in dissolved unreactive phosphorus and nitrogen removal of 82.4% and 66.6%, respectively. Antimicrobial contaminants (triclosan, triclocarban) were observed in the precipitates at minute concentrations (<18 ng/g-dry solids). Therefore, heterogeneous struvite nucleation can provide a means of recalcitrant nutrient treatment and reactive nutrient recovery without the micropollutant burden of biosolids land application.
Inflation and Reheating in Spontaneously Generated Gravity
Creators: name: Cerioni, A.
name: Finelli, F.
name: Tronconi, A.
name: Venturi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation is studied in the context of induced gravity (IG) $γσ^2 R$, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, $σ$ a scalar field and $γ$ a dimensionless constant, and diverse symmetry-breaking potentials $V(σ)$ are considered. In particular we compared the predictions for Landau-Ginzburg (LG) and Coleman-Weinberg (CW) type potentials and their possible generalizations with the most recent data. We find that large field inflation generally leads to fewer constraints on the parameters and the shape of the potential whereas small field inflation is more problematic and, if viable, implies more constraints, in particular on the parameter $γ$. We also examined the reheating phase and obtained an accurate analytical solution for the dynamics of inflaton and the Hubble parameter by using a multiple scale analysis (MSA). The solutions were then used to study the average expansion of the Universe, the average equation of state for the scalar field and both the perturbative and resonant decays of the inflaton field.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Purification and some physical properties of a chymotrypsin-like protease of the larva of the hornet, Vespa orientalis
Creators: name: Jany, Klaus D.
name: Pfleiderer, Gerhard
name: Molitoris, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: A chymotrypsin-like endopeptidase has been purified by ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and gel filtration. The enzyme preparation is homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge and disc electrophoresis. The enzyme is proved to be free from any other proteolytic activities. The molecular weight of the proteinase as determined with several techniques (ultracentrifugation, gel filtration and electrophoresis without dodecylsulfate) is in the range between 13000–14000; however, by dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis a molecular weight of 23000 was obtained. The obtained physical constants of hornet chymotrypsin are: sedimentation coefficient s020,w= 1.96 × 10−13 S, diffusion coefficient D020,w= 131 μm2s−1, partial specific volume v̄= 0.737 ml g−1, frictional ratio f/fmin= 1.04, and degree of hydration = 0.1 g per g protein.
Long-time behavior of spin-glasses at low temperatures
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The free-energy barrier heights between different "ground-state valleys" in configuration space are calculated by a new numerical method. The resulting relaxation times are so long that a decay of the freezing temperature Tf to zero as predicted by static theories is not to be observed in experiments. The absence of a phase transition occurs therefore only in a mathemetical sense.
Development of a PROTAC-Based Targeting Strategy Provides a Mechanistically Unique Mode of Anti-Cytomegalovirus Activity
Creators: name: Hahn, Friedrich
name: Hamilton, Stuart T.
name: Wangen, Christina
name: Wild, Markus
name: Kicuntod, Jintawee
name: Brückner, Nadine
name: Follett, Jasmine E. L.
name: Herrmann, Lars
name: Kheimar, Ahmed
name: Kaufer, Benedikt B.
name: Rawlinson, William D.
name: Tsogoeva, Svetlana B.
name: Marschall, Manfred
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: human cytomegalovirus
subject: human/animal pathogenic viruses
subject: antiviral drugs
subject: directacting antivirals
subject: host-directed antivirals
subject: PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras
subject: PROTAC-based targeting strategy
subject: new drug qualities
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major pathogenic herpesvirus that is prevalent worldwide and it is associated with a variety of clinical symptoms. Current antiviral therapy options do not fully satisfy the medical needs; thus, improved drug classes and drug-targeting strategies are required. In particular, host-directed antivirals, including pharmaceutical kinase inhibitors, might help improve the drug qualities. Here, we focused on utilizing PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs), i.e., hetero-bifunctional molecules containing two elements, namely a target-binding molecule and a proteolysis-inducing element. Specifically, a PROTAC that was based on a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, i.e., CDK9-directed PROTAC THAL-SNS032, was analyzed and proved to possess strong anti-HCMV AD169-GFP activity, with values of EC50 of 0.030 µM and CC50 of 0.175 µM (SI of 5.8). Comparing the effect of THAL-SNS032 with its non-PROTAC counterpart SNS032, data indicated a 3.7-fold stronger anti-HCMV efficacy. This antiviral activity, as illustrated for further clinically relevant strains of human and murine CMVs, coincided with the mid-nanomolar concentration range necessary for a drug-induced degradation of the primary (CDK9) and secondary targets (CDK1, CDK2, CDK7). In addition, further antiviral activities were demonstrated, such as the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication, whereas other investigated human viruses (i.e., varicella zoster virus, adenovirus type 2, and Zika virus) were found insensitive. Combined, the antiviral quality of this approach is seen in its (i) mechanistic uniqueness; (ii) future options of combinatorial drug treatment; (iii) potential broad-spectrum activity; and (iv) applicability in clinically relevant antiviral models. These novel data are discussed in light of the current achievements of anti-HCMV drug development.
The Health Status of Undocumented Immigrants from Asian Countries in the United States: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Future Directions
Creators: name: Nayak, Sameera Shukanta
name: Cardone, Amanda
name: Soberano, Kina
name: Dhond, Meghan
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2024
Subjects: Undocumented
Immigrant Health
DACA
Asian immigrants
Scoping review

description: Immigrants from Asian countries are the fastest-growing undocumented population in the United States (U.S.), yet not much is known about their health. This scoping review identifies the nature and extent of scientific literature on the health of undocumented Asian immigrants in the U.S. We conducted a comprehensive search of six electronic databases in 2024. Inclusion criteria were empirical articles written in English, published in peer-reviewed scientific journals from 2010 to 2024, and focused on a health outcome or health-related issue involving undocumented Asian immigrants. Results are summarized narratively. We identified 13 peer-reviewed publications. Nine studies were quantitative, and four were qualitative. Eight studies were conducted in California; two studies used national secondary data sources. Studies were mixed in their research focus. They covered a range of health outcomes and issues, such as mental health (n?=?4), health services and access (n?=?2), contraceptive use (n?=?1), COVID-19 (n?=?2), and HIV (n?=?1). Three studies measured self-rated health alongside other conditions, such as disability, health insurance coverage, chronic health conditions, and obesity. Scholarship on the health of undocumented Asian immigrants is a growing research area. Given the small number of studies identified, future research with larger diverse samples, more robust methodology, and greater topical variety are warranted to understand the health of this population better and reduce potential inequities.
Phase transition in an Ising-spinglass-model including next-nearest-neighbor-interaction?
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The ldquoTransfermatrix-Methodrdquo [1, 2] is applied to an Ising-spinglass-model on the square lattice with nearest neighbor interactionsJ 1 positive and next nearest neighbor interactionsJ 2 negative, when a fraction 1-x of the spins is removed at random. An example for this model is Eu x Sr1-x S [3, 4]. The question concerning the existence of a springlass-phase is not yet clarified. Investigation of the correlation function langs 0sRrang2 (correlation between two spins with distanceR), which is related to the Edwards-Anderson-orderparameter shows in the present work evidence against a spinglass-phase at finiteT. Analogous to the more common ldquo±J-modelrdquo (competing nearest neighbor interactions at random) a phase transition should only occur atT=0.
A chain rule formula in BV and applications to conservation laws
Creators: name: Crasta, Graziano
name: De Cicco, Virginia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 26A45, 35L65, Secondary: 26A24, 46F10

description: In this paper we prove a new chain rule formula for the distributional derivative of the composite function $v(x)=B(x,u(x))$, where $u:]a,b[\to\R^d$ has bounded variation, $B(x,\cdot)$ is continuously differentiable and $B(\cdot,u)$ has bounded variation. We propose an application of this formula in order to deal in an intrinsic way with the discontinuous flux appearing in conservation laws in one space variable.
description: 26 pages
Spin-glass antiphase in high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Numerical simulations were carried out for the Aharony model of the insulating phase in high-T c superconductors. The Aharony model is found to give an adequate description for low doping. The model and its relation to superconductivity are discussed. In particular, the question of a magnetic gap in the larger doping regime corresponding to the superconducting phase is considered.
On sampling of Monte Carlo data and disordered systems
Creators: name: van Hemmen, J. L.
name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Condensed matter: electrical, magnetic and optical
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 75.10.Hk; 75.10.Nr

description: Discusses some arguments concerning the number of experiments required for the Monte Carlo treatment of a disordered system. A theory of large deviations is presented, which is in favour of the usual procedure of taking the arithmetic mean of the experimental data as a reasonable approximation of the exact average. Contrary to a recent suggestion the notion of most probable value does not play any significant role. As an application the authors treat the '+or-J model'. It is argued that in two dimensions this model does not exhibit a phase transition.
Statistical mechanics of Ising chains in random magnetic fields
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Binder, Kurt
name: Baumgärtner, Arthur
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 05.50.+q

description: For a model of heteropolymer ’’melting,’’ we study an Ising model where the field on each spin can randomly take one of the two values H±h. Several numerical methods for the calculation of the free energy and its derivatives are developed, making use of a transfer matrix representation of the partition function and mathematical theorems on random matrices due to Bellman. Monte Carlo computations due to Landau and Blume on the model with H=0 are extended to the case H≠0 and compared with the above results. The efficiency of our other numerical methods is found to be better by more than one order of magnitude than the Monte Carlo technique, as far as the calculation of energy, magnetization, etc. is concerned. But the Monte Carlo technique also yields time‐dependent correlation functions and information on the concentrations of clusters of subsequent up (or down) spins. These quantities are compared to the corresponding ones of the ordinary Glauber model. We find that these quantities can fairly be approximated by the Glauber ones, but using a suitably renormalized correlation length. These results support the ’’coarse‐graining approximation’’ proposed for the statistical mechanics of heteropolymers.
Nucleon structure from 2+1 flavor domain wall QCD at nearly physical pion mass
Creators: name: Ohta, Shigemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RBC and UKQCD collaborations have been investigating hadron physics in numerical lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with (2+1) flavors of dynamical domain wall fermions (DWF) quarks that preserves continuum-like chiral and flavor symmetries. The strange quark mass is adjusted to physical value via reweighting and degenerate up and down quark masses are set as light as possible. In a recent study of nucleon structure we found a strong dependence on pion mass and lattice spatial extent in isovector axialvector-current form factors. This is likely the first credible evidence for the pion cloud surrounding nucleon. Here we report the status of nucleon structure calculations with a new (2+1)-flavor dynamical DWF ensembles with much lighter pion mass of 180 and 250 MeV and a much larger lattice spatial exent of 4.6 fm. A combination of the Iwasaki and dislocation-suppressing-determinant-ratio (I+DSDR) gauge action and DWF fermion action allows us to generate these ensembles at cutoff of about 1.4 GeV while keeping the residual breaking of chiral symmetry sufficiently small. Nucleon source Gaussian smearing has been optimized. Preliminary nucleon mass estimates are 0.98 and 1.05 GeV.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Tropical QCD 2010, September 27-October 1, 2010, Cairns, QLD
Quantum-Monte-Carlo simulations for fermionic systems
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The paper gives a general idea of Quantum-Monte-Carlo simulations for fermionic systems in higher dimensions. A ldquobasic trickrdquo is provided to avoid the ldquominus-sign problemsrdquo which in some form lead to unsurmountable difficulties in simulations, for example at lower temperatures and for larger system sizes.
Numerical simulations of spin glasses
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: In this contribution to the proceedings I carried out the full chronological line in numerical simulations to give clear evidence against a phase transition in shortrange spin glass models at least in two dimensions. Furtheron I consider the observation time necessary to obtain equilibrium states at low temperatures — it exceeds 100 years. Then I provide the theory of a new phenomenon: the time dependent specific heat. It is hoped that this effect helps experimentalists to provide convincing evidence in favour or against a transition.
Cardioprotective Effects of Palmitoleic Acid (C16:1n7) in a Mouse Model of Catecholamine-Induced Cardiac Damage Are Mediated by PPAR Activation
Creators: name: Betz, Iris Rosa
name: Qaiyumi, Sarah Julia
name: Goeritzer, Madeleine
name: Thiele, Arne
name: Brix, Sarah
name: Beyhoff, Niklas
name: Grune, Jana
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Greulich, Franziska
name: Uhlenhaut, Nina Henriette
name: Kintscher, Ulrich
name: Foryst-Ludwig, Anna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7)
subject: lipokine
subject: catecholamine
subject: cardiac damage
subject: PPAR
subject: cardioprotective effects
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7) has been identified as a regulator of physiological cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the molecular pathways involved in C16:1n7 responses in primary murine cardiomyocytes (PCM) and a mouse model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac damage. PCMs were stimulated with C16:1n7 or a vehicle. Afterwards, RNA sequencing was performed using an Illumina HiSeq sequencer. Confirmatory analysis was performed in PCMs and HL-1 cardiomyocytes. For an in vivo study, 129 sv mice were orally treated with a vehicle or C16:1n7 for 22 days. After 5 days of pre-treatment, the mice were injected with ISO (25 mg/kg/d s. c.) for 4 consecutive days. Cardiac phenotyping was performed using echocardiography. In total, 129 genes were differentially expressed in PCMs stimulated with C16:1n7, including Angiopoietin-like factor 4 (Angptl4) and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (Pdk4). Both Angptl4 and Pdk4 are proxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/δ (PPARα/δ) target genes. Our in vivo results indicated cardioprotective and anti-fibrotic effects of C16:1n7 application in mice. This was associated with the C16:1n7-dependent regulation of the cardiac PPAR-specific signaling pathways. In conclusion, our experiments demonstrated that C16:1n7 might have protective effects on cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Our study may help to develop future lipid-based therapies for catecholamine-induced cardiac damage.
Resolution of the phylogenetic relationship of the vulnerable flesh-footed shearwater (Ardenna carneipes) seabird using a complete mitochondrial genome
Creators: name: Sarker, Subir
name: Athukorala, Ajani
name: Talukder, Saranika
name: Haque, Md Hakimul
name: Helbig, Karla
name: Lavers, Jennifer L
name: Raidal, Shane R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3104
subject: Evolutionary biology
classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: No description supplied
Numerical simulations of modulated systems
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We consider numerical simulations of the two-dimensional ANNNI (anisotropic next-nearest-neighbor Ising) model compared with those of the recently analytically solved brickwork ANNNI model. Transfer-matrix and Monte Carlo calculations are shown to result in misleading results concerning the question of different phase transitions. In the Monte Carlo calculation we find freezing effects similar to those in spin-glasses.
Resolution of the phylogenetic relationship of the vulnerable flesh-footed shearwater (Ardenna carneipes) seabird using a complete mitochondrial genome
Creators: name: Sarker, Subir
name: Ajani Athukorala
name: Saranika Talukder
name: Md Hakimul Haque
name: Helbig, Karla
name: Lavers, Jennifer L
name: Raidal, Shane R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Building Equitable Research Partnerships: Learning From a Community Climate Resilience Grant Program
Creators: name: Cann, K.
name: Leichenko, R.
name: Herb, J.
name: Kaplan, M.
name: Howell, Nyla
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024
Subjects: small grant program
resilience
co-production
equity
community partners
research funding

description: Calls for the co-production of climate knowledge and services are increasingly prominent in research and funding proposals, including within federally funded programs. While co-production has led to more accessible and relevant climate services for frontline communities, scholars have identified numerous barriers to equitable relationships and outcomes within co-production partnerships. In an effort to support the development of climate services through equitable research partnerships, the Consortium for Climate Risk in the Urban Northeast, a NOAA Climate Adaptation Partnership team, collaboratively designed and launched the Community Climate Resilience (CCR) Grant competition in 2022. The CCR program serves to provide funding and build capacity among community-based organizations (CBOs) responding to climate variability in historically disinvested communities in the urban Northeast, as well as foster co-production partnerships between the organizations and local university-based researchers. This paper assesses the design and implementation of the program based on data collected through a survey of research partners, discussions with key stakeholders, and observation of relevant project meetings. Despite the incorporation of lessons from similar co-production projects, program designers found several persistent impediments to equitable partnerships, including time constraints, funding limitations, and burdensome institutional requirements. We reflect on these challenges and offer strategies for overcoming barriers to equitable partnerships, including streamlining funding pass-through structures, increasing transparency in funding competitions, promoting flexible funding options, and fostering communities of practice among CBOs and university partners. The findings are relevant for researchers and practitioners implementing equity-focused co-production partnerships and small grant programs in climate services and related fields.
Glassy behaviour in high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Müller, K. A.
name: Bednorz, J. G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Numerical simulations for an XY-spin-glass model are presented. The connection to recent experiments on high-Tc superconductors is outlined. In particular, the glass behaviour in experiments is reproduced by a two-dimensional (2d) model. A phase diagram important for future experiments is also provided. A substantial gain in Tc is predicted for enhanced couplings between plains.
Effects of Selective Dry Cow Treatment on Intramammary Infection Risk after Calving, Cure Risk during the Dry Period, and Antibiotic Use at Drying-Off: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Literature (2000–2021)
Creators: name: Weber, Jim
name: Borchardt, Stefan
name: Seidel, Julia
name: Schreiter, Ruben
name: Wehrle, Frederike
name: Donat, Karsten
name: Freick, Markus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: bacteriological culture
subject: cattle
subject: mastitis
subject: udder health
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::636 Viehwirtschaft

description: The objectives of this paper were (i) to perform a systematic review of the literature over the last 21 yr and (ii) to evaluate the efficacy of selective dry cow treatment (SDCT) vs. blanket dry cow treatment (BDCT) in dairy cows regarding the risk of intramammary infection (IMI) after calving, new IMI risk after calving, cure risk during the dry period, and a reduction in antibiotic use at drying-off by meta-analysis. The systematic search was carried out using the databases PubMed, CAB Direct, and ScienceDirect. A meta-analytical assessment was performed for each outcome of interest using random-effects models, and the relative risk (RR) for IMI and cure or the pooled proportion for antibiotic use was calculated. The final number of included studies was n = 3 for IMI risk after calving and n = 5 for new IMI risk after calving, cure risk during the dry period, and antibiotic use. The RR levels for IMI (RR, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 0.94–1.11; p = 0.592), new IMI (RR, 95% CI: 1.06, 0.94–1.20; p = 0.994), and cure (RR, 95% CI: 1.00, 0.97–1.02; p = 0.661) did not differ significantly between SDCT and BDCT. Substantial heterogeneity was observed between the trials regarding the pooled proportion of antibiotic use within the SDCT groups (I2 = 97.7%; p < 0.001). This meta-analysis provides evidence that SDCT seems to be an adequate alternative to BDCT regarding udder health with a simultaneous reduction in antibiotic use. Limitations might arise because of the small number of studies included.
Monte Carlo simulations for two-dimensional quantum systems
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Würtz, D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The Trotter-Suzuki transformation has been used to obtain the classical representation ford-dimensional lattice systems with boson and fermion degrees of freedom. A Monte Carlo algorithm for the equivalent (d+1)-dimensional classical system is presented. Numerical results are shown for the Heisenberg-spin-glass, the XY model and the spinless fermion lattice gas in two dimensions.
Altered molecular pathways and prognostic markers in active systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: integrated bioinformatic analysis
Creators: name: Ren, Yi
name: Labinsky, Hannah
name: Palmowski, Andriko
name: Bäcker, Henrik
name: Müller, Michael
name: Kienzle, Arne
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
subject: hub genes
subject: neutrophil
subject: prognostic marker
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is a severe childhood-onset inflammatory disease characterized by arthritis accompanied by systemic auto-inflammation and extra-articular symptoms. While recent advances have unraveled a range of risk factors, the pathomechanisms involved in SJIA and potential prognostic markers for treatment success remain partly unknown. In this study, we included 70 active SJIA and 55 healthy control patients from the National Center for Biotechnology Information to analyze for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using R. Functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and gene module construction were performed for DEGs and hub gene set. We additionally examined immune system cell composition with CIBERSORT and predicted prognostic markers and potential treatment drugs for SJIA. In total, 94 upregulated and 24 downregulated DEGs were identified. Two specific modules of interest and eight hub genes (ARG1, DEFA4, HP, MMP8, MMP9, MPO, OLFM4, PGLYRP1) were screened out. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that complex neutrophil-related functions play a decisive role in the disease pathogenesis. CIBERSORT indicated neutrophils, M0 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and naïve B cells to be relevant drivers of disease progression. Additionally, we identified TPM2 and GZMB as potential prognostic markers for treatment response to canakinumab. Moreover, sulindac sulfide, (-)-catechin, and phenanthridinone were identified as promising treatment agents. This study provides a new insight into molecular and cellular pathogenesis of active SJIA and highlights potential targets for further research.
An infinite family of adsorption models and restricted Lukasiewicz paths
Creators: name: Brak, Richard
name: Iliev, Gary K
name: Prellberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define $(k,\ell)$-restricted Lukasiewicz paths, $k\le\ell\in\mathbb{N}_0$, and use these paths as models of polymer adsorption. We write down a polynomial expression satisfied by the generating function for arbitrary values of $(k,\ell)$. The resulting polynomial is of degree $\ell+1$ and hence cannot be solved explicitly for sufficiently large $\ell$. We provide two different approaches to obtain the phase diagram. In addition to a more conventional analysis, we also develop a new mathematical characterization of the phase diagram in terms of the discriminant of the polynomial and a zero of its highest degree coefficient. We then give a bijection between $(k,\ell)$-restricted Lukasiewicz paths and "rise"-restricted Dyck paths, identifying another family of path models which share the same critical behaviour. For $(k,\ell)=(1,\infty)$ we provide a new bijection to Motzkin paths. We also consider the area-weighted generating function and show that it is a q-deformed algebraic function. We determine the generating function explicitly in particular cases of $(k,\ell)$-restricted Lukasiewicz paths, and for $(k,\ell)=(0,\infty)$ we provide a bijection to Dyck paths.
description: typo in author's name corrected, no further change
Magnetization of spin-glasses in applied magnetic field at low temperatures
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The magnetization of the two-dimensional ±J model (antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic bonds at random) in an applied magnetic field is studied by transfer-matrix and Monte Carlo calculations. Carefully cooled spin-glasses are predicted to show equilibrium values for the magnetization in experiments at low temperature.
Nonlocal Dynamics of p-Adic Strings
Creators: name: Dragovich, Branko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the construction of Lagrangians that might be suitable for describing the entire $p$-adic sector of an adelic open scalar string. These Lagrangians are constructed using the Lagrangian for $p$-adic strings with an arbitrary prime number $p$. They contain space-time nonlocality because of the d'Alembertian in argument of the Riemann zeta function. We present a brief review and some new results.
description: 8 pages
Analiza schimbărilor acoperirii terenurilor în arealul amenajat pentru irigații Căscioarele, Județul Călărași
Creators: name: Nastase, Florin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: GIS
Remote Sensing
Land Cover

description: Această lucrare de licență analizează schimbările intervenite în acoperirea terenurilor din arealul amenajat pentru irigații Căscioarele, județul Călărași, într-o perioadă de aproape patru decenii (1985-2023). Studiul se bazează pe tehnici moderne de cartografiere, utilizând GIS (Sisteme Informaționale Geografice) și teledetecție pentru a evidenția modificările în utilizarea terenurilor agricole și eficiența sistemelor de irigații.

Obiectivele lucrării

Evaluarea schimbărilor în acoperirea terenului în perioada 1985-2023.

Analiza impactului sistemelor de irigații asupra terenurilor agricole.

Identificarea principalelor cauze care au dus la modificări în peisajul agricol.

Utilizarea tehnologiilor GIS și a imaginilor satelitare pentru interpretarea schimbărilor.

Metodologie

Cercetarea se bazează pe analiza comparativă a imaginilor satelitare preluate în trei momente de referință: 1985, 1999 și 2023. Datele sunt prelucrate utilizând tehnici de teledetecție și GIS pentru a obține o perspectivă detaliată asupra modificărilor în acoperirea terenului și sănătatea vegetației.

Rezultate și concluzii

Rezultatele obținute demonstrează o serie de transformări semnificative în arealul analizat, în special din perspectiva extinderii sau reducerii suprafețelor agricole irigate. Analiza indică influența unor factori precum procesele naturale, schimbările climatice și deciziile de politică agricolă asupra dinamicii terenurilor.

Lucrarea evidențiază necesitatea unei gestionări mai eficiente a resurselor de irigații, având în vedere importanța acestora pentru menținerea productivității agricole și adaptarea la schimbările climatice. Studiul contribuie la înțelegerea proceselor de transformare a peisajului agricol și oferă recomandări pentru optimizarea utilizării terenurilor agricole în viitor.
A framework for geophysical inversions with application to vadose zone parameter estimation
Creators: name: Cockett, Archa Rowan B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Inverse modeling is a powerful tool for extracting information about the subsurface from geophysical and hydrologic data. Geophysical inverse problems are inherently multidisciplinary, requiring elements from the relevant physics, numerical simulation, and optimization, as well as knowledge of the geologic setting, hydrologic processes, and a comprehension of the interplay between all of these elements. Increasingly geoscientists are tackling complex problems that require integration of multiple types of information in order to better characterize the subsurface. However, many of the sub-fields of geophysics are developing simulation and inversion approaches, algorithms, and supporting software in isolation. This isolation is a barrier to quantitative integration and leads to inefficiencies in advancing interdisciplinary research. Greater efficiencies, and higher quality outcomes, could be achieved if (hydro)geophysicists had a common framework to accelerate an integrated approach. The main goal of my thesis is to organize the components of (hydro)geophysical simulations and inverse problems, and synthesize these into a comprehensive, modular framework. The development of a geophysical framework requires considering a number of disciplines and geophysical problems (e.g. electromagnetics and potential fields) to ensure generality as well as extensibility. However, the goal is also to have the framework work outside of geophysics and most notably in hydrogeology; vadose zone fluid flow is used as a model problem. Fluid flow in the vadose zone is governed by the Richards equation; it is parameterized by hydraulic conductivity, which is a nonlinear function of pressure head. The computational scalability of the Richards equation inversion is a significant challenge for three dimensional inversions in hydrogeophysics. Existing work explicitly calculates the sensitivity matrix using finite difference or automatic differentiation, however, for large-scale problems these methods are constrained by computation and memory. This dissertation provides an implicit sensitivity algorithm that enables large-scale inversion problems for distributed parameters in the Richards equation to become tractable on modest computational resources.