cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance model of an entangled sensor under noise
Creators: name: Ho, Le Bin
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Matsuzaki, Masayuki
name: Kondo, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled sensors have been attracting a lot of attention recently because they can achieve the sensitivity beyond that of the classical sensors. To exploit entanglement as a resource, it is important to understand the effect of noise because the entangled state is fragile against noise. Here, we provide a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) model of an entangled sensor under engineered noise: one can implement an entangled sensor under various noisy environments. In particular, we experimentally investigate the performance of the entangled sensor under the effect of time-inhomogeneous noisy environment with which the entangled sensor holds potential to beat the classical sensors. Our "entangled sensor" consists of a multi-spin molecule solved in isotropic liquid, and we can perform the quantum sensing by using NMR techniques.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Peptide/Protein Stapling and Unstapling: Introduction and Photorelease of Isobutylene Graft
Creators: name: Sun, Shuang
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: cyclised peptide
disulfides
isobutylene
stapling
thiol-ene
photoactivation

description: Intramolecular side-chain-to-side-chain crosslinking, also termed “stapling”, is an important technology in the development of bioactive peptide-based therapeutics. Among all of the tools, S-alkylation is one of the most flexible approaches, as a wide range of bis-thiol-reactive linkers are commercially available. More importantly, this efficient and mild modification can be applied on large biomolecules by re-bridging their disulfides. At the same time, the handle introduced by the method provides further opportunities for manipulating the bioactivity of the molecule. The first part of this work describes a new peptide-macrocyclisation strategy with an isobutylene graft. The reaction is mild and proceeds rapidly and efficiently both with linear and cyclic peptide substrates. The resulting isobutylene-grafted peptides possess improved passive membrane permeability, and are stable in human plasma and in the presence of glutathione. This strategy can be applied to bioactive cyclic peptides such as somatostatin. Importantly, we found that structural preorganisation forced by the isobutylene graft leads to a significant improvement in the binding affinity of somatostatin to its receptor. Next, the same approach was optimised for re-bridging the disulfides of monoclonal antibodies. A ‘one-pot’ stapling strategy using isobutylene motifs was able to stabilise the interchain disulfides of antibodies by avoiding Fab exchange and disulfide shuffling. This general method was applied to an anti-HER2 Fab fragment and full-length IgGs under mild and biocompatible conditions. The binding affinity of the antibody was enhanced, relative to its native form, after stapling. The stapled structure maintained its effector functions and behaved similarly to its native form in vivo. The last part of the thesis describes a photoactivation decaging method of isobutylene-caged thiols through a UV-initiated thiol-ene reaction. The method was demonstrated with an isobutylene-caged cysteine, cyclic disulfide-peptide, and thiol-containing drug, all of which were rapidly and efficiently released under mild UV irradiation in the presence of thiol sources and a photoinitiator. Importantly, it was shown that the activity of histone deacetylase inhibitor largazole can be switched off when stapled, but selectively switched on within cancer cells when irradiated with non-phototoxic light. Further optimisation also demonstrated a potential application on isobutylene grafted protein-small molecule conjugates. Overall, the work presented here offers a new tool for producing cyclic bioactive peptides, stabilising therapeutic antibodies and photoactivation of thiol-containing drugs.
description: Cambridge Trust - CSC International Scholarship Great Britain - China Educational Trust Students Award Henry Lester Trust Scholarship Darwin Hardship Award
New Wheat Varieties and Small Farmers
Creators: name: Byerlee, Derek
name: Harrington, Larry
name: Byerlee, Derek
name: Harrington, Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management

description: The distribution of the benefits of new agricultural technologies is the subject of continuing controversy, especially following the widespread adoption of new wheat and rice varieties in developing countries over the last 10-15 years. This paper is motivated by the popular belief that the introduction of the new wheat varieties has benefited the rich at the expense of the poor (see, for example, Pearse; and Simmonds). We believe that the available evidence on the impact of the new wheat varieties supports a quite different conclusion--that the poor have benefited substantially from these new varieties. Here we summarize evidence on only one aspect of the distribution of benefits from new wheat varieties, the distribution of benefits to poor producers relative to larger producers (Byerlee and Harrington). Conceptual issues in analyzing these benefits are discussed and empirical evidence, especially new evidence appearing since 1975, is presented from Mexico, India, and other countries where the new wheat varieties are widely used.
X-ray spectral diagnostics of the immediate environment of GRB 991216
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, E.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Piro, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent report of iron line features in the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) 991216 has important implications for the properties of the radiating material and hence the nature of the immediate burst environment. We argue that the putative strong Fe emission line can be attributed to the reflected emission from Thomson-thick matter which is illuminated by a power-law continuum. The ionization parameter of the material (i.e., the flux to density ratio) is around 10^3, resulting in a Fe K line from He-like iron. A supersolar abundance of iron is not required by the data. Interestingly, the ionizing continuum must be harder than the observed one. We interpret this as due to the fact that the observed continuum is dominated by the standard blast wave emission, while the line is produced by reprocessing material located at much smaller radii.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted by A&A Letters
Introduction to IP4OS in a nutshell
Creators: name: Priess-Buchheit, Julia Claire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Training
Open Science
Intellectual Property
Synergy Framework
ERA
Capacity Building

description: This presentation gives the first overview of the Horizon Europe IP4OS project. Advancing knowledge valorisation to enable transdisciplinary and cross-sector knowledge circulation is key to upgrading the European research landscape, resulting in economic, digital, ecological, and social benefits. That is why IP4OS advocates for a concerted Intellectual Property (IP) and Open Science (OS) approach: A complementary and supportive link between agile and fitting IP tools and the sharing of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Re-usable (FAIR) research outputs (data, results, codes, etc.). IP4OS's overall goal is toempower multi-professionals and their organisations with awareness, knowledge, skills, and advocacy tovalorise FAIR research outputs with effectively fitting IP tools.Firstly, IP4OS will publish a sound Synergy Framework - a Best Practice Manual mapping the relationshipbetween IP and OS, providing recommendations for best practices. Secondly, IP4OS raises 50% more awarenessin the Community of Practice (CoP) by informing about advocates, facts and figures on IP tools that support OSpractices. Furthermore, IP4OS will reach 300 trained professionals and additionally (at least) 27 multipliers formulti-professional teams from all European countries via several easy-to-use and sustainable educationalresources using the Synergy Framework and the Synergy Core Curriculum. Through all of IP4OS’s activities, theproject builds a new CoP for IP management to support OS and addresses 15 specific professions in training, which are actors, intermediaries, educators, and learners in the R&I landscape.

The presentation shows clearly that this project is supporting researchers and their support stuff to foster excellency in ERA.
MOESM15 of Transcriptome analysis of the differential effect of the NADPH oxidase gene RbohB in Phaseolus vulgaris roots following Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation
Creators: name: Fonseca-García, Citlali
name: Zayas, Alejandra
name: Montiel, Jesús
name: Noreide Nava
name: Sánchez, Federico
name: Quinto, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 15: Figure S12. KEGG pathway map of plant hormone signal transduction for upregulated genes in mycorrhized PvRbohB-silenced roots.
BO`LAJAK  O`QITUVCHILARDA DEONTOLOGIK KOMPETENTLIKNI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING SHAKL, METOD VOSITALAR TAHLILI
Creators: name: Tosheva, G.K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada oliy ta’lim jarayonida bo‘lajak o‘qituvchining deontologik kompetentlilik darajasi va uni rivojlantirish metod va vositalari haqida so’z boradi. Shuningdek rivojlangan davlatlarda bo‘lajak o‘qituvchining deontologik kompetentligini oshirishga doir olib borilayotgan ilmiy izlanishlar, deontologik kompetentlik darajasini baholovchi omillar, oliy ta’lim muassasasi bitiruvchisining shaxsiy, ijtimoiy, iqtisodiy va kasbiy munosabatlarga kirishishi, jamiyatda o‘z o‘rnini egallashi kabi ko‘nikmalarni egallashini ta’minlovchi deontologik yondashuvlar, pedagog olimlarning bu boradagi qarashlari va tavsiyalari haqida so‘z boradi.
Fiche d'analyse utilisée pour le tri des documents du fonds Annie-Hélène Dufour
Creators: name: Colombié, Hélène
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-1760
Operatorial characterization of Majorana neutrinos
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Majorana neutrino $ψ_{M}(x)$ when constructed as a superposition of chiral fermions such as $ν_{L} + C\overline{ν_{L}}^{T}$ is characterized by $ ({\cal C}{\cal P}) ψ_{M}(x)({\cal C}{\cal P})^{\dagger} =iγ^{0}ψ_{M}(t,-\vec{x})$, and the CP symmetry describes the entire physics contents of Majorana neutrinos. Further specifications of C and P separately could lead to difficulties depending on the choice of C and P. The conventional $ {\cal C} ψ_{M}(x) {\cal C}^{\dagger} = ψ_{M}(x)$ with well-defined P is naturally defined when one constructs the Majorana neutrino from the Dirac-type fermion. In the seesaw model of Type I or Type I+II where the same number of left- and right-handed chiral fermions appear, it is possible to use the generalized Pauli-Gursey transformation to rewrite the seesaw Lagrangian in terms of Dirac-type fermions only; the conventional C symmetry then works to define Majorana neutrinos. In contrast, the "pseudo C-symmetry" $ν_{L,R}(x)\rightarrow C\overline{ν_{L,R}(x)}^{T}$ (and associated "pseudo P-symmetry"), that has been often used in both the seesaw model and Weinberg's model to describe Majorana neutrinos, attempts to assign a nontrivial charge conjugation transformation rule to each chiral fermion separately. But this common construction is known to be operatorially ill-defined and, for example, the amplitude of the neutrinoless double beta decay vanishes if the vacuum is assumed to be invariant under the pseudo C-symmetry.
description: 25 pages. Substantially expanded to explain the subject in more detail. This version is to be published in European Physical Journal C
The Microscopic Dirac Operator Spectrum
Creators: name: Damgaard, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the exact results for microscopic Dirac operator spectra based on either Random Matrix Theory, or, equivalently, chiral Lagrangians. Implications for lattice calculations are discussed.
description: Lattice2001(Plenary), 9 pages
Impact of Mechanizing Small Scale Rice Production in the Philippines, Indonesia, and Thailand: Some Empirical Evidence
Creators: name: Lingard, J.
name: Wicks, J. A.
name: Lingard, J.
name: Wicks, J. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management
International Development

description: Agricultural mechanization has brought far reaching changes in farming structure in all developed countries, and its effects are now beginning to be felt in many developing countries. Within the former, mechanization has been associated with increasing farm size, migration of labour out of farming, and the development of agriculture as a specialized commercial activity. New inputs of improved quality have been developed, modern management practices adopted, and machinery inputs (capital) have substantially substituted for labour and animal power inputs. The impact of farm mechanization results from its interaction with the institutional structure of agriculture, however, and introduction to the developing countries will not necessarily result in similar adjustments. Indeed, one might argue that it is the duty of the developing countries to intervene and modify the impact of mechanization. Before such intervention, however, it is necessary to understand the effects of mechanization on factors such as output, labour demand, and cropping intensity. Equity considerations require an assessment of the impact on farm earnings, as well as the income effect~ on landless labourers. The problem is one of disentangling cause from effect and distinguishing between the factors which cause change and those which merely provide the means. One view of mechanization holds that it is directly output increasing; another that it has little effect. This is an empirical issue and results are likely to be site specific. Farm structures, land:labour ratios, tenure patterns, soils, prices, irrigation networks, and institutional arrangements vary from site to site, and will both shift the underlying production function and shape the behaviour of farmers.
25 Gbit/s differential phase-shift-keying signal generation using directly modulated quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers
Creators: name: Zeghuzi, A.
name: Schmeckebier, Holger
name: Stubenrauch, M.
name: Meuer, C.
name: Schubert, C.
name: Bunge, C.-A.
name: Bimberg, Dieter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: quantum dots
subject: optical properties
subject: data processing
subject: quantum wells
subject: semiconductor optical amplifiers
subject: semiconductor lasers
subject: amplified spontaneous emission
subject: electrical properties and parameters
subject: amplitude modulation
subject: optical communications

description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Appl. Phys. Lett. 106, 213501 (2015) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921785.
description: Error-free generation of 25-Gbit/s differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals via direct modulation of InAs quantum-dot (QD) based semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is experimentally demonstrated with an input power level of −5 dBm. The QD SOAs emit in the 1.3-μm wavelength range and provide a small-signal fiber-to-fiber gain of 8 dB. Furthermore, error-free DPSK modulation is achieved for constant optical input power levels from 3 dBm down to only −11 dBm for a bit rate of 20 Gbit/s. Direct phase modulation of QD SOAs via current changes is thus demonstrated to be much faster than direct gain modulation.
Calculated corrections to superallowed Fermi beta decay: New evaluation of the nuclear-structure-dependent terms
Creators: name: Towner, I. S.
name: Hardy, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured $ft$-values for superallowed $0^{+} \to 0^{+}$ nuclear $β$-decay can be used to obtain the value of the vector coupling constant and thus to test the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. An essential requirement for this test is accurate calculations for the radiative and isospin symmetry-breaking corrections that must be applied to the experimental data. We present a new and consistent set of calculations for the nuclear-structure-dependent components of these corrections. These new results do not alter the current status of the unitarity test -- it still fails by more than two standard deviations -- but they provide calculated corrections for eleven new superallowed transitions that are likely to become accessible to precise measurements in the future. The reliability of all calculated corrections is explored and an experimental method indicated by which the structure-dependent corrections can be tested and, if necessary, improved.
description: Revtex4, one figure
The Tolman Surface Brightness Test for the Reality of the Expansion. III. HST Profile and Surface Brightness Data for Early-Type Galaxies in Three High-Redshift Clusters
Creators: name: Lubin, Lori M.
name: Sandage, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric data for 34 early-type galaxies in the three high-redshift clusters Cl 1324+3011 (z = 0.76), Cl 1604+4304 (z = 0.90), and Cl 1604+4321 (z = 0.92), observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and with the Keck 10-meter telescopes by Oke, Postman & Lubin, are analyzed to obtain the photometric parameters of mean surface brightness, magnitudes for the growth curves, and angular radii at various Petrosian eta radii. The angular radii at eta = 1.3 mag for the program galaxies are all larger than 0.24". All of the galaxies are well resolved at this angular size using HST whose point-spread function is 0.05", half width at half maximum. The data for each of the program galaxies are listed at eta = 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, and 2.0 mag. They are corrected by color equations and K terms for the effects of redshift to the rest-frame Cape/Cousins I for Cl 1324+3011 and Cl 1604+4304 and R for Cl 1604+4321. The K corrections are calculated from synthetic spectral energy distributions derived from evolving stellar population models of Bruzual & Charlot which have been fitted to the observed broad-band (BVRI) AB magnitudes of each program galaxy. The listed photometric data are independent of all cosmological parameters. They are the source data for the Tolman surface brightness test made in Paper IV.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
The Wage Factor in Retailing Meat in 4 Cities: A Study of Marketing of Agricultural Products
Creators: name: Bright, Imogene
name: Bright, Imogene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This report attempts to explain and evaluate the variations in the wage bills for retailing meat. The study is limited in scope to the degree that only 46 stores in 4 cities were included in the survey. The research on which the report is based is part of an overall program designed to help improve the efficiency of marketing and expand the markets for farm products. The program involves the study of food marketing costs, ways to reduce such costs, and ways to improve quality, services, or handling methods which might increase the demand for farm products. In 1956 a survey was made of the meat departments of retail stores located in four cities — San Francisco, Calif.; Chicago, Ill.; Atlanta, Ga.; and Columbia, S. C. Data were collected for 1 week covering meat sales, wage payments, and employment practices pertaining to persons working in the meat departments of the retail stores selected.
MOESM14 of Transcriptome analysis of the differential effect of the NADPH oxidase gene RbohB in Phaseolus vulgaris roots following Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation
Creators: name: Fonseca-García, Citlali
name: Zayas, Alejandra
name: Montiel, Jesús
name: Noreide Nava
name: Sánchez, Federico
name: Quinto, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14: Figure S11. KEGG pathway map of plant hormone signal transduction for downregulated genes in rhizobia-inoculated PvRbohB-silenced roots.
Temporal X-ray Reconstruction using Temporal and Spectral Measurements at LCLS
Creators: name: Christie, Florian
name: Lutman, Alberto Andrea
name: Ding, Yuantao
name: Huang, Zhirong
name: Jhalani, Vatsal A.
name: Krzywinski, Jacek
name: Maxwell, Timothy John
name: Ratner, Daniel
name: Rönsch-Schulenburg, Juliane
name: Vogt, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse deflecting structures (TDS) are widely used in accelerator physics to measure the longitudinal density of particle bunches. When used in combination with a dispersive section, the whole longitudinal phase space density can be imaged. At the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), the installation of such a device downstream of the undulators enables the reconstruction of the X-ray temporal intensity profile by comparing longitudinal phase space distributions with lasing on and lasing off. However, the resolution of this TDS is limited to around 1 fs rms (root mean square), and therefore, it is not possible to resolve single self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) spikes within one X-ray photon pulse. By combining the power spectrum from a high resolution photon spectrometer and the temporal structure from the TDS, the overall resolution is enhanced, thus allowing the observation of temporal, single SASE spikes. The combined data from the spectrometer and the TDS is analyzed using an iterative algorithm to obtain the actual intensity profile. In this paper, we present some improvements to the reconstruction algorithm as well as real data taken at LCLS.
Resonance line-profile calculations based on hydrodynamical models of cataclysmic variable winds
Creators: name: Proga, D.
name: Kallman, T. R.
name: Drew, J. E.
name: Hartley, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present synthetic line profiles as predicted by the models of 2-D line- driven disk winds due to Proga, Stone & Drew. We compare the model line profiles with HST observations of the cataclysmic variable IX Vel. The model wind consists of a slow outflow that is bounded on the polar side by a fast stream. We find that these two components of the wind produce distinct spectral features. The fast stream produces profiles which show features consistent with observations. These include the appearance of the P-Cygni shape for a range of inclinations, the location of the maximum depth of the absorption component at velocities less than the terminal velocity, and the transition from absorption to emission with increasing inclination. However the model profiles have too little absorption or emission equivalent width. This quantitative difference between our models and observations is not a surprise because the line-driven wind models predict a mass loss rate that is lower than the rate required by the observations. We note that the model profiles exhibit a double-humped structure near the line center which is not echoed in observations. We identify this structure with a non-negligible redshifted absorption which is formed in the slow component of the wind where the rotational velocity dominates over expansion velocity. We conclude that the next generation of disk wind models, developed for application to CVs, needs to yield stronger wind driving out to larger disk radii than do the present models.
description: LaTeX, 19 pages, to appear in ApJ
The Brightest Black Holes
Creators: name: King, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I suggest that there are two classes of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), corresponding to super-Eddington mass inflow in two situations: (a) thermal-timescale mass transfer in high-mass X-ray binaries, and (b) long-lasting transient outbursts in low-mass X-ray binaries. These two classes are exemplified by SS433 and microquasars like GRS 1915+105 respectively. The observed ULX population is a varying mixture of the two, depending on the star formation history of the host galaxy. ULXs in galaxies with vigorous star formation (such as the Antennae) are generally SS433--like, while ULXs in elliptical galaxies must be of the microquasar type. The latter probably have significantly anisotropic radiation patterns. They should also be variable, but demonstrating this may require observations over decades. The close analogy between models of X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei (AGN) suggests that there should exist an apparently super-Eddington class of the latter, which may be the ultrasoft AGN, and a set of X-ray binaries with Doppler--boosted X-ray emission. These are presumably a subset of the ULXs, but remain as yet unidentified.
description: 4 pages, no figures; accepted for MNRAS Letters
Identifying Exoplanets and Unmasking False Positives with NGTS
Creators: name: Günther, Maximilian Norbert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: astrophysics
astronomy
exoplanet
planet
survey
transit
eclipse
occultation
eclipsing binary
false positive
vetting
Bayes
Bayesian
Markov Chain Monte Carlo
MCMC
Gaussian Process
Next Generation Transit Survey
NGTS
yield
centroiding
NGTS-3
NGTS-3Ab

description: In my PhD, I advanced the scientific exploration of the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS), a ground-based wide-field survey operating at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile since 2016. My original contribution to knowledge is the development of novel methods to 1) estimate NGTS’ yield of planets and false positives; 2) disentangle planets from false positives; and 3) accurately characterise planets. If an exoplanet passes (transits) in front of its host star, we can measure a periodic decrease in brightness. The study of transiting exoplanets gives insight into their size, formation, bulk composition and atmospheric properties. Transit surveys are limited by their ability to identify false positives, which can mimic planets and out-number them by a hundredfold. First, I designed a novel yield simulator to optimise NGTS’ observing strategy and identification of false positives (published in Günther et al., 2017a). This showed that NGTS’ prime targets, Neptune- and Earth-sized signals, are frequently mimicked by blended eclipsing binaries, allowing me to quantify and prepare strategies for candidate vetting and follow-up. Second, I developed a centroiding algorithm for NGTS, achieving a precision of 0.25 milli-pixel in a CCD image (published in Günther et al., 2017b). With this, one can measure a shift of light during an eclipse, readily identifying unresolved blended objects. Third, I innovated a joint Bayesian fitting framework for photometry, centroids, and radial velocity cross-correlation function profiles. This allows to disentangle which object (target or blend) is causing the signal and to characterise the system. My method has already unmasked numerous false positives. Most importantly, I confirmed that a signal which was almost erroneously rejected, is in fact an exoplanet (published in Günther et al., 2018). The presented achievements minimise the contamination with blended false positives in NGTS candidates by 80%, and show a new approach for unmasking hidden exoplanets. This research enhanced the success of NGTS, and can provide guidance for future missions.
description: Throughout my PhD, I have been supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) award reference 1490409 as well as an Isaac Newton Studentship.
MOESM13 of Transcriptome analysis of the differential effect of the NADPH oxidase gene RbohB in Phaseolus vulgaris roots following Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation
Creators: name: Fonseca-García, Citlali
name: Zayas, Alejandra
name: Montiel, Jesús
name: Noreide Nava
name: Sánchez, Federico
name: Quinto, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 13: Figure S10. KEGG pathway map of plant hormone signal transduction for upregulated genes in rhizobia-inoculated PvRbohB-silenced roots.
Superradiance of a Global Monopole in Reissner-Nordström(-AdS) Space-time
Creators: name: Seçuk, M. Haluk
name: Delice, Özgür
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, the behaviour of a charged and massive scalar field around a global monopole swallowed by a Reissner-Nordström-Anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black hole is investigated by considering the Klein-Gordon equation in this geometry. The superradiance phenomenon and instability behaviour of the black hole against charged scalar perturbations are studied for both an RN-AdS case and also for an RN black hole surrounded by a reflective mirror, i.e., the black hole bomb case. The effects of the monopole on these cases are discussed analytically and also with the help of several graphs in detail. The monopole charge affects the superradiance threshold frequency and also effects the instability time scale for both cases. The existence of global monopole makes these black holes more stable against superradiance instability.
description: V3: 19 pages, 3 figures, references added, introduction is extended, Revtex, Published version
MOESM12 of Transcriptome analysis of the differential effect of the NADPH oxidase gene RbohB in Phaseolus vulgaris roots following Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation
Creators: name: Fonseca-García, Citlali
name: Zayas, Alejandra
name: Montiel, Jesús
name: Noreide Nava
name: Sánchez, Federico
name: Quinto, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12: Figure S9. KEGG pathway map of plant hormone signal transduction for downregulated genes in mycorrhized control roots.
The anti-B --> D* lepton anti-neutrino form factor at zero recoil and the determination of V(cb)
Creators: name: Simone, J. N.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Mackenzie, P. B.
name: Ryan, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize our lattice QCD study of the form factor at zero recoil in the decay anti-B --> D* lepton anti-neutrino. After careful consideration of all sources of systematic uncertainty, we find, h_A1(1) = 0.913(+0.024-0.017)(+0.017-0.030), where the first uncertainty is from statistics and fitting while the second combined uncertainty is from all other systematic effects.
description: Lattice2001(HeavyQuark); 3 pages, 2 eps figures, espcrc2.sty
Enhancement of superconductivity in Magnesium Diboride nano-structures
Creators: name: Romero Bermudez, Aurelio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Superconductivity
Finite Size Effects
Shape Resonances
Shell Effects
Thin Films
Mesoscopic Physics

description: For many years scientists have tried different strategies to improve superconductivity. The recent development in the growth of thin films and grains at the nanoscale has allowed to measure in certain materials critical temperatures that differ from the bulk values. At the same time these results have motivated theoretical studies that try to reproduce them using first-principles calculations and different theories about superconductivity. We aim to contribute in this area with an analytical study of MgB$_2$ superconducting thin films. We choose to study this material since it is a conventional superconductor with the highest critical temperature: 39 K among these kind of superconductors. Another motivation to carry out this research is that in recent experiments they have managed to grow MgB$_2$ films with an acceptable quality and a thickness of less than 10 nm. Even though further optimization of the growing techniques needs to be performed, this demonstrates that the effects we have studied theoritically should not be far from being measurable. MgB$_2$ is a two-band superconductor. To our knowledge there are not many studies regarding this kind of superconductors at the nanoscale. We have studied a range of thicknesses going from 2 nm to 20 nm for infinite films (lateral sizes much larger than its thickness) and finite films (lateral size of the order of its thickness). We have used a mean field approach (Bardeen- Cooper-Schrieffer or BCS theory) and tried to extend the model presented by Thompson and Blatt of a one-band superconductor thin film to the case of a two-band superconductor thin film. The most relevant results of this research are: for an infinite thin film with a thickness of less than 10 nm the critical temperature ”oscillates” between $T_c = 62.4$ K and $T_c = 31.2$ K, showing that shape resonances induce both enhancement and suppression as the thickness changes. We have also seen that superconductivity can be in average enhanced or suppressed depending on the type of bands and sign of the effective masses. Finally, we have obtained that the equations derived are robust under changes of the parameters used. It is important to mention that due to the limitations of the theory used and the simplifications made: neglecting quantum fluctuations, defects, the influence of substrate, etc. our results must not be taken fully quantitative, specially for thicknesses smaller 4 nm. Yet, we believe they grasp most of the relevant physical phenomena of the described nano-scale system.
description: This work was funded by a scholarship by 'la Caixa' foundation.
MOESM4 of Outcomes and outcomes measurements used in intervention studies of pelvic girdle pain and lumbopelvic pain: a systematic review
Creators: name: Wuytack, Francesca
name: OâDonovan, Maggie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Comparison of outcomes identified in PGP and LPP studies for each core domain. The outcomes that were identified in studies examining PGP only are compared to the outcomes identified in studies including patients with LPP. This comparison has been presented by core domain.
Multipartite entangled states in coupled quantum dots and cavity-QED
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoguang
name: Feng, Mang
name: Sanders, Barry C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation of multipartite entangled state in a system of N quantum dots embedded in a microcavity and examine the emergence of genuine multipartite entanglement by three different characterizations of entanglement. At certain times of dynamical evolution one can generate multipartite entangled coherent exciton states or multiqubit $W$ states by initially preparing the cavity field in a superposition of coherent states or the Fock state with one photon, respectively. Finally we study environmental effects on multipartite entanglement generation and find that the decay rate for the entanglement is proportional to the number of excitons.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Characterisation of the non-canonical zinc finger protein ZFP263 in mouse
Creators: name: Delahaye, Celia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Epigenetics
Transcription Factor
Zinc finger protein

description: Multicellular organisms are composed of a number of different specialised cells that all carry the same genetic material but are highly divergent in their functions and characteristics. This diversity is only allowed because sets of specific genes are expressed in one type of cells and silent in others. A precise control mechanism is required to fine-tune gene regulation and relies on chromatin structure and regulatory proteins. One of the largest families of DNA-binding factors that influence this in human and mouse is the KRAB zinc finger protein (KZFP) family. KZFPs are thought to have rapidly evolved alongside transposable elements and be mediators of transcriptional repression. The few KZFPs that have been characterised so far have been shown to be involved in a wide range of regulatory and biological processes; hence it is hard to make functional generalisations. During my PhD, I studied one member of the KZFP family in mouse, ZFP263, with the aim of understanding its mechanism of action in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and its role in mice. My work has shown that ZFP263 is an ancient protein highly conserved in mammals and under purifying selection. One of its two functional domains however is divergent from the consensus sequence found in most KZFPs and suggests that ZFP263 might have lost the ability to recruit repressive chromatin states. My research identified the targets of ZFP263 binding in mESCs and showed that it does not bind and silence transposable elements. Indeed it targets unique regions of the genome, mostly within transcribed regions of genes. These genes show a wide range of expression levels and are involved in several key biological processes. Surprisingly, binding sites are not associated with the canonical KZFP co-factor but mostly co-localize with active histone marks. My findings lead me to hypothesise that ZFP263 has evolved to target active epigenetic states to unique regions that are positive regulators of transcription, in contrast to the more canonical model of KZFP function. To test this hypothesis, I have generated targeted mutations at Zfp263 in mice using CRISPR-Cas9 and my preliminary results suggest that Zfp263 mutants have growth defects indicating a role for this protein in mouse development. My findings indicate that ZFP263 is a unique KZFP with non-canonical properties and provide novel insights into the evolution and functions of KZFPs in mammals.
description: This Marie Curie ITN project is funded by the European commission under FP7 project number 317146.
title: Catalogo de las lenguas de las naciones conocidas
Creators: name: Hervas y Panduro, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 6 vol., 4°

Broch.
description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), Fonds Leber, Mt m 21432
Ommatomyia Scabrough & Tomasovic 2010, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Scabrough, Aubrey G.
name: Tomasovic, Guy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Asilidae
Ommatomyia

description: Ommatomyia gen. nov.
(Figs 1, 3–12)
 Type species: Ommatomyia cera sp. nov., by present designation.
 Diagnosis. Small, slender Ommatiinae with largely dark body, brownish-yellow or yellow pleuron and legs, and the following combination of characters: Head: Narrow face, with two vertical rows of bristles extending from just below antenna to frontoclypeal suture [=oral margin of other authors]; mystax with pale setae and bristles. Antennal stylus three-segmented, largely bare, plume abbreviated and confined to apical segment; basal segment as long as scape, pedicel, and flagellum combined; median segment contrastingly short; apical segment about half as long as basal segment; setae short, aligned on each side (bilateral) in a ventrolateral position, becoming progressively longer apically; pedicel oval, wider than scape or flagellum in lateral view (Fig. 1). Dorsal postocular bristles proclinate. Thorax: Dorsocentrals weak, seta-like. Scutellar groove prominent. Anepimeral bristle absent. Posterior metacoxal bridge sclerotized. Wing (Fig. 3): Cell r 1 closed, stalked apically. Legs: Slender, ventral bristles weak, seta-like. Basal tarsomere of hind tarsus as long as apical 4 tarsomeres combined. Male terminalia (Figs. 4–12): Cercus short, barely visible in dorsal view, largely concealed by epandrium; ventral lamella erect, much wider than paired cerci, convex. Gonocoxite as long as epandrium, digitate apically. Hypandrium simple, rectangular, wider than long with distal margin truncate. Female terminalia (Fig. 12): Spermathecae filamentous.
 Discussion. Justification for establishing this genus is based largely on the characters of the stylus (Fig. 1). The stylus of a typical Ommatiinae is undivided and has long setae (plume) aligned ventrally along most or all of its length. Each seta alternates in position slightly to the right or left of each preceding seta. Thus forming two rows of setae, rarely one (Fig. 2). Setae in the bilateral plume of Ommatomyia alternates similarly. The three-segmented stylus, bare with an abbreviated plume, and the long basal tarsomere, as long as the apical four tarsomeres combined, distinguish the new genus. The long filamentous spermatheca without an obvious terminal capsule or valve further distinguish the female. Spermathecae in the remaining genera are usually significantly shorter in length and with prominent terminal capsules and basal valves.
 Etymology. Greek, Ommatomyia, combination, referring to an Ommatius -like fly. Monotypic. Gender female.
 Distribution. Vietnam, Nuiba National Park near Dalat, Lam Dong Province.
description: Published as part of Scabrough, Aubrey G. & Tomasovic, Guy, 2010, Ommatomyia, a new genus from Vietnam (Diptera: Asilidae: Ommatiinae), pp. 46-54 in Zootaxa 2366 (1) on pages 47-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2366.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5306869
Ontological Security and Status-Seeking: Thailand's Proactive Behaviours during the Second World War
Creators: name: Charoenvattananukul, Peera
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Thai foreign policy
Thailand
Ontological Security
Status Concern
Status-Seeking

description: The puzzle that drives this study is why Thailand pursued a proactive foreign policy towards greater powers during the Second World War. The main literature on Thai foreign policy-making generally suggests that Thailand is traditionally passive vis-à-vis greater powers. Oftentimes, it is believed that the fate of Thailand is subjected to the dictate of great powers. The empirical cases of Thailand during the Second World War suggest otherwise. How could a conventional understanding of Thai foreign policy make sense of Thailand’s war against France in 1940-41? Similarly, how could one understand Thailand’s defiant behaviours vis-à-vis Japan in 1941-44 despite the latter’s greater military capabilities and influence? This thesis employs the approaches of ontological security and status concern to interpret Thai proactive behaviours during the wartime period. It argues that concerns for status and recognition from the great powers were the primary motivations of Thailand’s proactive behaviours. In order to discern material and ideational motives of the Thai foreign policy-makers, this research heavily relies on archival research and utilises documents which were formerly considered to be classified. This methodological quest is to establish and enhance the credibility of the argument presented in the study.
description: The Cambridge-Thai Foundation Scholarship
Double white dwarf merger products among high-mass white dwarfs
Creators: name: Cheng, Sihao
name: Cummings, Jeffrey D.
name: Ménard, Brice
name: Toonen, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double white dwarf (double-WD) binaries may merge within a Hubble time and produce high-mass WDs. Compared to other high-mass WDs, the double-WD merger products have higher velocity dispersion because they are older. With the power of Gaia data, we show strong evidence for double-WD merger products among high-mass WDs by analyzing the transverse-velocity distribution of more than a thousand high-mass WDs (0.8--1.3 $M_\odot$). We estimate that the fraction of double-WD merger products in our sample is about 20 %. We also obtain a precise double-WD merger rate and its mass dependence. Our merger rate estimates are close to binary population synthesis results and support the idea that double-WD mergers may contribute to a significant fraction of type Ia supernovae.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; published in ApJ
Toward 10 cm/s Doppler Precision with GRASS: The GRanulation and Spectrum Simulator
Creators: name: Palumbo, Michael L.
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Wright, Jason T.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Wise, Alex W.
name: Löhner-Böttcher, Johannes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: astronomy software
exoplanet detection methods
high-resolution spectroscopy
solar granulation
stellar granulation

description: Owing to recent advances in radial-velocity instrumentation and observation techniques, the detection of Earth-mass planets around Sun-like stars may soon be primarily limited by intrinsic stellar variability. Several processes contribute to this variability, including starspots, pulsations, and granulation. Although many previous studies have focused on techniques to mitigate signals from pulsations and other types of magnetic activity, granulation noise has to date only been partially addressed by empirically-motivated observation strategies and magnetohydrodynamic simulations. To address this deficit, we present the GRanulation And Spectrum Simulator (GRASS), a new tool designed to create time-series synthetic spectra from spatially- and temporally-resolved observations of solar granulation. Here we present an overview of GRASS and validate its model against disk-integrated solar observations. As a first-of-its-kind empirical model for spectral variability due to granulation in a star with perfectly known center-of-mass radial-velocity behavior, GRASS is an important tool for testing new methods of disentangling granular line-shape changes from true Doppler shifts.