cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Internal dynamics and membership of the NGC 3603 Young Cluster from microarcsecond astrometry
Creators: name: Rochau, Boyke
name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Stolte, Andrea
name: Gennaro, Mario
name: Gouliermis, Dimitrios
name: Da Rio, Nicola
name: Dzyurkevich, Natalia
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed two epochs of HST/WFPC2 observations of the young Galactic starburst cluster in NGC 3603 with the aim to study its internal dynamics and stellar population. Relative proper motions measured over 10.15 yrs of more than 800 stars enable us to distinguish cluster members from field stars. The best-fitting isochrone yields Av=4.6-4.7 mag, a distance of 6.6-6.9 kpc, and an age of 1 Myr for NGC 3603 Young Cluster (NYC). We identify pre-main-sequence/main-sequence transition stars located in the short-lived radiative-convective gap, which in the NYC occurs in the mass range 3.5-3.8 Msun. We also identify a sparse population of stars with an age of 4 Myr, which appear to be the lower mass counterparts to previously discovered blue supergiants located in the giant HII region NGC 3603. For the first time, we are able to measure the internal velocity dispersion of a starburst cluster from 234 stars with I < 18.5 mag to σ_pm1D=141+/-27 μas/yr (4.5+/-0.8 km/s at a distance of 6.75 kpc). As stars with masses between 1.7 and 9 Msun all exhibit the same velocity dispersion, the cluster stars have not yet reached equipartition of kinetic energy (i.e., the cluster is not in virial equilibrium). The results highlight the power of combining high-precision astrometry and photometry, and emphasize the role of NYC as a benchmark object for testing stellar evolution models and dynamical models for young clusters and as a template for extragalactic starburst clusters.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Lung ultrasound in a tertiary intensive care unit population: a diagnostic accuracy study
Creators: name: Smit, Jasper M.
name: Haaksma, Mark E.
name: Winkler, Michiel H.
name: Heldeweg, Micah L. A.
name: Arts, Luca
name: Lust, Erik J.
name: Elbers, Paul W. G.
name: Meijboom, Lilian J.
name: Girbes, Armand R. J.
name: Heunks, Leo M. A.
name: Tuinman, Pieter R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Standards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) checklist.
Additional file 2 of Association between glucocorticoids treatment and viral clearance delay in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Jianbo
name: Liao, Xuelian
name: Zhou, Yue
name: Wang, Luping
name: Yang, Hang
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zhang, Zhongwei
name: Kang, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Risk of Bias of Case–control Studies by the Newcastle–Ottawa-Scale (NOS) Assessment.
The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: XMMUJ005011.2-730026 = SXP214, a Be/X-ray binary pulsar
Creators: name: Coe, M. J.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Sturm, R.
name: Pietsch, W.
name: Townsend, L. J.
name: Bartlett, E. S.
name: Filipovic, M.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Corbet, R. H. D.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Ehle, M.
name: Payne, J. L.
name: Burton, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the course of the XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), a region to the east of the emission nebula N19 was observed in November 2009. To search for new candidates for high mass X-ray binaries the EPIC PN and MOS data of the detected point sources were investigated and their spectral and temporal characteristics identified. A new transient (XMMUJ005011.2-730026= SXP214) with a pulse period of 214.05 s was discovered; the source had a hard X-ray spectrum with power-law index of ~0.65. The accurate X-ray source location permits the identification of the X-ray source with a ~15th magnitude Be star, thereby confirming this system as a new Be/X-ray binary.
description: 8 pages 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
All-optical generation of states for "Encoding a qubit in an oscillator"
Creators: name: Vasconcelos, Hilma
name: Sanz, Liliana
name: Glancy, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both discrete and continuous systems can be used to encode quantum information. Most quantum computation schemes propose encoding qubits in two-level systems, such as a two-level atom or an electron spin. Others exploit the use of an infinite-dimensional system, such as a harmonic oscillator. In "Encoding a qubit in an oscillator" [Phys. Rev. A 64 012310 (2001)], Gottesman, Kitaev, and Preskill (GKP) combined these approaches when they proposed a fault-tolerant quantum computation scheme in which a qubit is encoded in the continuous position and momentum degrees of freedom of an oscillator. One advantage of this scheme is that it can be performed by use of relatively simple linear optical devices, squeezing, and homodyne detection. However, we lack a practical method to prepare the initial GKP states. Here we propose the generation of an approximate GKP state by using superpositions of optical coherent states (sometimes called "Schrödinger cat states"), squeezing, linear optical devices, and homodyne detection.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Optics Letters
Relation between the 3D-geometry of the coronal wave and associated CME during the 26 April 2008 event
Creators: name: Temmer, M.
name: Veronig, A. M.
name: Gopalswamy, N.
name: Yashiro, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the kinematical characteristics and 3D geometry of a large-scale coronal wave that occurred in association with the 26 April 2008 flare-CME event. The wave was observed with the EUVI instruments aboard both STEREO spacecraft (STEREO-A and STEREO-B) with a mean speed of ~240 km/s. The wave is more pronounced in the eastern propagation direction, and is thus, better observable in STEREO-B images. From STEREO-B observations we derive two separate initiation centers for the wave, and their locations fit with the coronal dimming regions. Assuming a simple geometry of the wave we reconstruct its 3D nature from combined STEREO-A and STEREO-B observations. We find that the wave structure is asymmetric with an inclination towards East. The associated CME has a deprojected speed of ~750+/-50 km/s, and shows a non-radial outward motion towards the East with respect to the underlying source region location. Applying the forward fitting model developed by Thernisien, Howard, and Vourlidas (2006), we derive the CME flux rope position on the solar surface to be close to the dimming regions. We conclude that the expanding flanks of the CME most likely drive and shape the coronal wave.
description: accepted for Solar Physics
Non-adiabatic Josephson Dynamics in Junctions with in-Gap Quasiparticles
Creators: name: Michelsen, Jens
name: Shumeiko, Vitaly S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional models of Josephson junction dynamics rely on the absence of low energy quasiparticle states due to a large superconducting gap. With this assumption the quasiparticle degrees of freedom become "frozen out" and the phase difference becomes the only free variable, acting as a fictitious particle in a local in time Josephson potential related to the adiabatic and non-dissipative supercurrent across the junction. In this article we develop a general framework to incorporate the effects of low energy quasiparticles interacting non-adiabatically with the phase degree of freedom. Such quasiparticle states exist generically in constriction type junctions with high transparency channels or resonant states, as well as in junctions of unconventional superconductors. Furthermore, recent experiments have revealed the existence of spurious low energy in-gap states in tunnel junctions of conventional superconductors - a system for which the adiabatic assumption typically is assumed to hold. We show that the resonant interaction with such low energy states rather than the Josephson potential defines nonlinear Josephson dynamics at small amplitudes.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Self-consistent Skyrme QRPA for use in axially-symmetric nuclei of arbitrary mass
Creators: name: Terasaki, J.
name: Engel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new implementation of the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) in axially-symmetric deformed nuclei with Skyrme and volume-pairing energy-density functionals. After using a variety of tests to demonstrate the accuracy of the code in ^{24,26}Mg and ^{16}O, we report the first fully self-consistent application of the Skyrme QRPA to a heavy deformed nucleus, calculating strength distributions for several K^pi in ^{172}Yb. We present energy-weighted sums, properties of gamma-vibrational and low-energy K^pi=0^+ states, and the complete isovector E1 strength function. The QRPA calculation reproduces the properties of the low-lying 2^+ states as well or better than it typically does in spherical nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
On Deducing Conditional Independence from d-Separation in Causal Graphs with Feedback (Research Note)
Creators: name: Neal, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pearl and Dechter (1996) claimed that the d-separation criterion for conditional independence in acyclic causal networks also applies to networks of discrete variables that have feedback cycles, provided that the variables of the system are uniquely determined by the random disturbances. I show by example that this is not true in general. Some condition stronger than uniqueness is needed, such as the existence of a causal dynamics guaranteed to lead to the unique solution.
Quantum quench in 1D: Coherent inhomogeneity amplification and 'supersolitons'
Creators: name: Foster, Matthew S.
name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
name: Altshuler, Boris L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum quench in a 1D system possessing Luttinger liquid (LL) and Mott insulating ground states before and after the quench, respectively. We show that the quench induces power law amplification in time of any particle density inhomogeneity in the initial LL ground state. The scaling exponent is set by the fractionalization of the LL quasiparticle number relative to the insulator. As an illustration, we consider the traveling density waves launched from an initial localized density bump. While these waves exhibit a particular rigid shape, their amplitudes grow without bound.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Immunomodulation of intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and function as a novel host defense mechanism in infectious colitis
Creators: name: Chan, Justin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Although epithelial cells represent the primary site of host contact for attaching and effacing pathogens, their contribution to host defense is relatively unrecognized. Both idiopathic and infectious forms of colitis disrupt normal intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation, differentiation and function, although the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Infection by the attaching and effacing murine pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium leads to significant colonic hyperplasia but also a reduction in colonic goblet cell numbers (goblet cell depletion). This pathology depends on T and/or B cells as Rag1 -/- mice do not suffer this depletion during infection, instead suffering high mortality rates. Reconstitution studies reveal that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets greatly increase survival of Rag1 -/- mice. However, while mice receiving CD8+ T cells develop exaggerated colonic tissue damage and ulcers, mice receiving CD4+ T cells develop goblet cell depletion in concert with exaggerated IEC proliferation preventing deep pathogen penetration of colonic crypts. Studies with Ifn-γ receptor -/- mice and wildtype mice given IL-17A neutralizing antibodies identify IFN-γ signaling as a critical cytokine required for both goblet cell depletion and increased IEC proliferation. Finally, studies inhibiting notch signaling and thus vastly increasing goblet cell numbers greatly increased pathogen burdens and mortality rates. These studies thus demonstrate that goblet cell depletion reflects host immunomodulation of IEC homeostasis and reflects a novel host defense mechanism against mucosal adherent pathogens.
What's in an Attribute? Consequences for the Least Common Subsumer
Creators: name: Borgida, A.
name: Kusters, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Functional relationships between objects, called `attributes', are of considerable importance in knowledge representation languages, including Description Logics (DLs). A study of the literature indicates that papers have made, often implicitly, different assumptions about the nature of attributes: whether they are always required to have a value, or whether they can be partial functions. The work presented here is the first explicit study of this difference for subclasses of the CLASSIC DL, involving the same-as concept constructor. It is shown that although determining subsumption between concept descriptions has the same complexity (though requiring different algorithms), the story is different in the case of determining the least common subsumer (lcs). For attributes interpreted as partial functions, the lcs exists and can be computed relatively easily; even in this case our results correct and extend three previous papers about the lcs of DLs. In the case where attributes must have a value, the lcs may not exist, and even if it exists it may be of exponential size. Interestingly, it is possible to decide in polynomial time if the lcs exists.
Graphene field effect transistors with ferroelectric gating
Creators: name: Zheng, Yi
name: Ni, Guang-Xin
name: Toh, Chee-Tat
name: Tan, Chin-Yaw
name: Yao, Kui
name: Ozyilmaz, Barbaros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on ferroelectric gating have introduced a novel functionality, i.e. nonvolatility, in graphene field effect transistors. A comprehensive understanding in the non-linear, hysteretic ferroelectric gating and an effective way to control it are still absent. In this letter, we quantitatively characterize the hysteretic ferroelectric gating using the reference of an independent background doping (nBG) provided by normal dielectric gating. More importantly, we prove that nBG can be used to control the ferroelectric gating by unidirectionally shifting the hysteretic ferroelectric doping in graphene. Utilizing this electrostatic effect, we demonstrate symmetrical bit writing in graphene-ferroelectric FETs with resistance change over 500% and reproducible no-volatile switching over 10^5 cycles.
description: 5 Pages; 4 figures; two column format
An Analysis of Jitter and Transit Timing Variations in the HAT-P-13 System
Creators: name: Payne, Matthew J.
name: Ford, Eric B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the two planets in the HAT-P-13 system are coplanar, the orbital states provide a probe of the internal planetary structure. Previous analyses of radial velocity and transit timing data of the system suggested that the observational constraints on the orbital states were rather small. We reanalyze the available data, treating the jitter as an unknown MCMC parameter, and find that a wide range of jitter values are plausible, hence the system parameters are less well constrained than previously suggested. For slightly increased levels of jitter ($\sim 4.5\,m\,s^{-1}$) the eccentricity of the inner planet can be in the range $0
description: Published in ApJ
Design and Construction of a Lateral Micro-Drilling Autonomous Robotic System
Creators: name: Ocana, Santiago Guevara
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400711
subject: Simulation, modelling, and programming of mechatronics systems
classificationCode: 400799
subject: Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics not elsewhere classified

description: This research project aims to develop a robotic platform capable of drilling horizontal laterals from existing wellbores, offering data-guided steering and control features using information captured by sensors. The project provides an opportunity to expand the application of downhole drilling robots toward semi-autonomous operations in existing fields, especially those with declining production. Mature fields represent a global resource, and even modest hydrocarbon reserves additions are substantial to keep up the energy demand, having positive economic and environmental impacts. Available lateral drilling techniques do not fit the constraints offered by the challenge; moreover, they are not cost-effective.The project will be organized into three phases to accomplish this developmental study. First, design criteria and key performance aspects will be identified and established to design a self-propelled robotic prototype capable of drilling lateral sections from an existing wellbore with an internal diameter of 4” to 6”. The creation of lateral sections can potentially add hydrocarbon reserves taking advantage of an already-drilled vertical section of a mature field. Second, the design of the prototype will take place, along with the design of a sub-surface communication and control system. The third phase is manufacturing and subsystems integration, finishing with a pilot test in a controlled environment. Based on the pilot testing results, design optimization will occur. Finally, a field version will be designed, and IP (Intellectual Property) disclosures and plans for commercialization will be identified and addressed.
Additional file 1 of The aetiology of pharyngotonsillitis in primary health care: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Pallon, Jon
name: Rööst, Mattias
name: Sundqvist, Martin
name: Hedin, Katarina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of ICD-codes for outcomes in the follow-up study of 220 patients with a sore throat in primary health care.
Suppression of Anderson localization of light and Brewster anomalies in disordered superlattices containing a dispersive metamaterial
Creators: name: Mogilevtsev, D.
name: Pinheiro, F. A.
name: Santos, R. R. dos
name: Cavalcanti, S. B.
name: Oliveira, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light propagation through 1D disordered structures composed of alternating layers, with random thicknesses, of air and a dispersive metamaterial is theoretically investigated. Both normal and oblique incidences are considered. By means of numerical simulations and an analytical theory, we have established that Anderson localization of light may be suppressed: (i) in the long wavelength limit, for a finite angle of incidence which depends on the parameters of the dispersive metamaterial; (ii) for isolated frequencies and for specific angles of incidence, corresponding to Brewster anomalies in both positive- and negative-refraction regimes of the dispersive metamaterial. These results suggest that Anderson localization of light could be explored to control and tune light propagation in disordered metamaterials.
description: 4 two-column pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of The aetiology of pharyngotonsillitis in primary health care: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Pallon, Jon
name: Rööst, Mattias
name: Sundqvist, Martin
name: Hedin, Katarina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Characteristics of 220 patients 15–45 years old with acute sore throat in primary health care, and 126 asymptomatic controls 15–45 years old.
The Complexity of Reasoning with Cardinality Restrictions and Nominals in Expressive Description Logics
Creators: name: Tobies, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the complexity of the combination of the Description Logics ALCQ and ALCQI with a terminological formalism based on cardinality restrictions on concepts. These combinations can naturally be embedded into C^2, the two variable fragment of predicate logic with counting quantifiers, which yields decidability in NExpTime. We show that this approach leads to an optimal solution for ALCQI, as ALCQI with cardinality restrictions has the same complexity as C^2 (NExpTime-complete). In contrast, we show that for ALCQ, the problem can be solved in ExpTime. This result is obtained by a reduction of reasoning with cardinality restrictions to reasoning with the (in general weaker) terminological formalism of general axioms for ALCQ extended with nominals. Using the same reduction, we show that, for the extension of ALCQI with nominals, reasoning with general axioms is a NExpTime-complete problem. Finally, we sharpen this result and show that pure concept satisfiability for ALCQI with nominals is NExpTime-complete. Without nominals, this problem is known to be PSpace-complete.
Additional file 3 of The aetiology of pharyngotonsillitis in primary health care: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Pallon, Jon
name: Rööst, Mattias
name: Sundqvist, Martin
name: Hedin, Katarina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Clinical signs and symptoms of different aetiologies in 85 patients with a sore throat and a Centor score of 3–4, number (%).
Being there : relationships between people with cancer and their pets : what helps and what hinders
Creators: name: Nitkin, Patricia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This qualitative research examined the little studied area of human-pet relationships and their impact on persons with cancer. The goal of this study was to gather information from individuals with cancer who had a pet during their illness and explore the helpful and unhelpful aspects of that relationship as people dealt with the socio-emotional, physiological and spiritual challenges usually accompanying diagnosis and treatment. The Enhanced Critical Incident Technique method (Butterfield, Borgen, Maglio, & Amundson, 2009) was used to gather information and interpret the interviews of 13 British Columbian women with cancer about their relationships with their companion animals. From these interviews, 13 personal accounts were created to give voice to the women’s experiences. The bulk of the data focused on clear descriptions of the ways in which pets contributed to and/or detracted from the participants’ sense of wellbeing during their illness. From this 487 helping critical incidents and 109 hindering critical incidents were formed into 13 categories that represented the areas of impact. In rank order of participation rate the categories are: Companionship & Presence; Emotional & Social Support; Purpose & Role; How Pets are Different from People; Health and Pain Management; Pet Intuition & Adaptability; Being Positive & in the Moment; Pet as Protector & Caregiver; Touch; Unconditional Love & Devotion; Existential & Spiritual Factors; Family Members & Finances, and Caretaking of Sick or Dying Pet. The findings of the study are congruent with the literature from the fields of veterinary medicine, social work, nursing, and anthrozoology in that they confirm the significant and primarily positive impact of the social support, trust and bond experienced by human beings from their companion animals. The results also indicate the distress caused by the lack of resources for pets when they are ill and the suffering caused by pet illness and bereavement. Other unique findings include participants’ experience of their pets as able to intuit subtle changes post-diagnosis and instantly modify their behaviour to attend to their human companions. It is suggested that psychological theory, practice and research engage with further exploration of the relationships between people and their companion animals.
Multiple-access Network Information-flow and Correction Codes
Creators: name: Dikaliotis, Theodoros K.
name: Ho, Tracey
name: Jaggi, Sidharth
name: Vyetrenko, Svitlana
name: Yao, Hongyi
name: Effros, Michelle
name: Kliewer, Joerg
name: Erez, Elona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work considers the multiple-access multicast error-correction scenario over a packetized network with $z$ malicious edge adversaries. The network has min-cut $m$ and packets of length $\ell$, and each sink demands all information from the set of sources $\sources$. The capacity region is characterized for both a "side-channel" model (where sources and sinks share some random bits that are secret from the adversary) and an "omniscient" adversarial model (where no limitations on the adversary's knowledge are assumed). In the "side-channel" adversarial model, the use of a secret channel allows higher rates to be achieved compared to the "omniscient" adversarial model, and a polynomial-complexity capacity-achieving code is provided. For the "omniscient" adversarial model, two capacity-achieving constructions are given: the first is based on random subspace code design and has complexity exponential in $\ell m$, while the second uses a novel multiple-field-extension technique and has $O(\ell m^{|\sources|})$ complexity, which is polynomial in the network size. Our code constructions are "end-to-end" in that all nodes except the sources and sinks are oblivious to the adversaries and may simply implement predesigned linear network codes (random or otherwise). Also, the sources act independently without knowledge of the data from other sources.
description: This journal paper is a continuation of the conference paper written by S. Vyetrenko, T. Ho, M. Effros, J. Kliewer, E Erez, "Rate regions for coherent and noncoherent multisource network error correction," IEEE ISIT, Jun. 2009 and the conference paper written by H. Yao, T. K Dikaliotis, S. Jaggi, and T. Ho, "Multi-source operator channels: Efficient capacity-achieving codes," IEEE ITW, Dublin 2010
Backbone Fragility and the Local Search Cost Peak
Creators: name: Gent, I. P.
name: Singer, J.
name: Smaill, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The local search algorithm WSat is one of the most successful algorithms for solving the satisfiability (SAT) problem. It is notably effective at solving hard Random 3-SAT instances near the so-called `satisfiability threshold', but still shows a peak in search cost near the threshold and large variations in cost over different instances. We make a number of significant contributions to the analysis of WSat on high-cost random instances, using the recently-introduced concept of the backbone of a SAT instance. The backbone is the set of literals which are entailed by an instance. We find that the number of solutions predicts the cost well for small-backbone instances but is much less relevant for the large-backbone instances which appear near the threshold and dominate in the overconstrained region. We show a very strong correlation between search cost and the Hamming distance to the nearest solution early in WSat's search. This pattern leads us to introduce a measure of the backbone fragility of an instance, which indicates how persistent the backbone is as clauses are removed. We propose that high-cost random instances for local search are those with very large backbones which are also backbone-fragile. We suggest that the decay in cost beyond the satisfiability threshold is due to increasing backbone robustness (the opposite of backbone fragility). Our hypothesis makes three correct predictions. First, that the backbone robustness of an instance is negatively correlated with the local search cost when other factors are controlled for. Second, that backbone-minimal instances (which are 3-SAT instances altered so as to be more backbone-fragile) are unusually hard for WSat. Third, that the clauses most often unsatisfied during search are those whose deletion has the most effect on the backbone. In understanding the pathologies of local search methods, we hope to contribute to the development of new and better techniques.
The Relevance of the Cosmological Constant for Lensing
Creators: name: Ishak, Mustapha
name: Rindler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review surveys some recent developments concerning the effect of the cosmological constant on the bending of light by a spherical mass in Kottler (Schwarzchild-de Sitter) spacetime. Some proposals of how such an effect may be put into a setting of gravitational lensing in cosmology are also discussed. The picture that emerges from this review is that it seems fair to assert that the contribution of $Λ$ to the bending of light has by now been well established, while putting the $Λ$ light-bending terms into a cosmological context is still subject to some interpretation and requires further work and clarification.
description: Invited review article to appear in the GRG special issue on gravitational lensing (P. Jetzer, Y. Mellier and V. Perlick Eds.), 21 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study
Creators: name: Seong, Jaehyun
name: Ryou, Sangmi
name: Lee, JeongGyu
name: Yoo, Myeongsu
name: Hur, Sooyoung
name: Choi, Byeong-Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review.
Additional file 2 of Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study
Creators: name: Seong, Jaehyun
name: Ryou, Sangmi
name: Lee, JeongGyu
name: Yoo, Myeongsu
name: Hur, Sooyoung
name: Choi, Byeong-Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Basic characteristics of women at baseline in the Korea HPV Cohort Study (n = 1,664).
Characterizing interstellar filaments with Herschel in IC5146
Creators: name: Arzoumanian, D.
name: André, Ph.
name: Didelon, P.
name: Konyves, V.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Men'shchikov, A.
name: Sousbie, T.
name: Zavagno, A.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Hennemann, M.
name: Hill1, T.
name: Kirk, J.
name: Martin, P.
name: Minier, V.
name: Molinari, S.
name: Motte, F.
name: Peretto, N.
name: Pezzuto, S.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Ward-Thompson, D.
name: White, G.
name: Wilson, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a first look at the results of the Herschel Gould Belt survey toward the IC5146 molecular cloud and present a preliminary analysis of the filamentary structure in this region. The column density map, derived from our 70-500 micron Herschel data, reveals a complex network of filaments, and confirms that these filaments are the main birth sites of prestellar cores. We analyze the column density profiles of 27 filaments and show that the underlying radial density profiles fall off as r^{-1.5} to r^{-2.5} at large radii. Our main result is that the filaments seem to be characterized by a narrow distribution of widths having a median value of 0.10 +- 0.03 pc, which is in stark contrast to a much broader distribution of central Jeans lengths. This characteristic width of ~0.1 pc corresponds to within a factor of ~2 to the sonic scale below which interstellar turbulence becomes subsonic in diffuse gas, supporting the argument that the filaments may form as a result of the dissipation of large-scale turbulence.
description: 4 pages, 5 pages as online material, 7 figures, 1 online appendix
Additional file 1 of Delayed headache after COVID-19 vaccination: a red flag for vaccine induced cerebral venous thrombosis
Creators: name: García-Azorín, David
name: Do, Thien Phu
name: Gantenbein, Andreas R.
name: Hansen, Jakob Møller
name: Souza, Marcio Nattan P.
name: Obermann, Mark
name: Pohl, Heiko
name: Schankin, Christoph J.
name: Schytz, Henrik Winther
name: Sinclair, Alexandra
name: Schoonman, Guus G.
name: Kristoffersen, Espen Saxhaug
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Investigation of the atherogenic potential of different human macrophage phenotypes
Creators: name: Chu, Eugene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of ischemic heart disease and strokes which accounts for the majority of cardiovascular deaths. Macrophages are one of the key cells in atherosclerotic lesions and are responsible the accumulation of lipids as well as the destabilization of plaques through the expression of proteases. Macrophages display a number of phenotypes depending on their specific environment which may affect atherosclerosis in different ways. This thesis describes the study of macrophages derived from primary human peripheral blood monocytes that were cultured and induced towards different phenotypes with combinations of interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin(IL)-4 and -13, or IL-10. The macrophage phenotypes were assessed for their protease and protease inhibitor profile with the use of a microarray and were also evaluated for their ability to maintain cholesterol homeostasis. Macrophages treated with IFNγ/TNFα demonstrated a trend for increased protease activation. The gene SPINT2 was found to be up-regulated by IL-4/13 treatment when compared with all other macrophage phenotypes and may serve as a marker of alternative macrophage activation. Both IFNγ and TNFα were found to decrease the amount of cholesterol accumulated when macrophages were incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein, which may be explained by the concurrent down regulation of the macrophage scavenger receptor and CD36. IFNγ was also found to inhibit the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ-mediated upregulation of CD36 protein by rosiglitazone without modulating PPARγ protein levels. Additionally, IL-4/13 treatment was found to increase the rate of apolipoprotein AI-mediated cholesterol efflux, yet cause a decrease in ABCA1 protein levels. The cell line U937 was then evaluated as a model of primary human macrophages to study the regulation of CD36 by IFNγ. Although IFNγ treated U937 cells showed a reduction of mature CD36 protein, they did not show an inhibition of PPARγ activity. Further studies validating the targets identified in the microarray may unveil novel proteases involved in atherosclerosis. These findings also provide insight into how different macrophage phenotypes may handle cholesterol in atherosclerotic conditions.
An Application of Reinforcement Learning to Dialogue Strategy Selection in a Spoken Dialogue System for Email
Creators: name: Walker, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a novel method by which a spoken dialogue system can learn to choose an optimal dialogue strategy from its experience interacting with human users. The method is based on a combination of reinforcement learning and performance modeling of spoken dialogue systems. The reinforcement learning component applies Q-learning (Watkins, 1989), while the performance modeling component applies the PARADISE evaluation framework (Walker et al., 1997) to learn the performance function (reward) used in reinforcement learning. We illustrate the method with a spoken dialogue system named ELVIS (EmaiL Voice Interactive System), that supports access to email over the phone. We conduct a set of experiments for training an optimal dialogue strategy on a corpus of 219 dialogues in which human users interact with ELVIS over the phone. We then test that strategy on a corpus of 18 dialogues. We show that ELVIS can learn to optimize its strategy selection for agent initiative, for reading messages, and for summarizing email folders.
Additional file 3 of Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study
Creators: name: Seong, Jaehyun
name: Ryou, Sangmi
name: Lee, JeongGyu
name: Yoo, Myeongsu
name: Hur, Sooyoung
name: Choi, Byeong-Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Risk of disease progression to HSIL by persistent HPV infections (single/multi-infection).
Assessment of the rate and determinants of vitamin B12 deficiency in South Asian and European women of childbearing age in Metro Vancouver
Creators: name: Quay, Teo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Low maternal vitamin B12 (B12) status has been associated with an increased risk for adverse offspring health outcomes, including neural tube defects and insulin resistance. High rates of B12 deficiency have been reported in South Asians, who comprise one of Canada’s largest minority groups, and Canadian women of childbearing age. Comprehensive B12 status assessment should include multiple biomarkers to reduce the risk of misclassification. However, there is no consensus on the appropriate cut-off values to define chronic and marginal B12 deficiency. Our goal was to assess the rate and determinants of B12 deficiency in healthy South Asian and European women in Metro Vancouver using multiple biomarkers. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in a convenience sample (n=207) of South Asian and European women (19-35y). Anthropometric measurements and questionnaire data on demographics, lifestyle and diet were collected. Vitamin B12 status was assessed using serum vitamin B12 (SB12), serum holotranscobalamin (holoTC) and plasma methylmalonic acid (MMA) as biomarkers. The association of lifestyle, social, dietary, and genetic variables with B12 status was examined using multiple regression models. Using conventional SB12 concentration cut-offs, 14% of participants with biochemical data (n=204) were classified with chronic deficiency (SB12 <148 pmol/L), and 20% with marginal deficiency (SB12 148-220 pmol/L). There were no ethnic differences in rates of deficiency. The rate of B12 deficiency dropped substantially (5-12% decrease) when cut-offs for alternate biomarkers (holoTC and MMA) were applied alone or in combination with SB12 to indicate functional deficiency. Vitamin B12 status was influenced positively by dietary B12 intake and B12 supplement use, and negatively by oral contraceptive use and first generation immigrant status. We observed a high rate (34%) of B12 inadequacy based on SB12 levels, indicating a potential need for peri-conceptional monitoring of B12 status. Risk factors associated with B12 deficiency should be further assessed to determine whether surveillance of at-risk groups is required. Multiple biomarkers should be applied henceforth in B12 status assessment, as SB12 alone may lack accuracy and may not be sensitive for detecting marginal deficiency. As such, further investigation into the appropriate cut-offs for MMA and holoTC is needed.
Aesthetic processing of dynamic human movement: evidence from brain and behaviour
Creators: name: Casale, Courtney Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520203
subject: Cognitive neuroscience

description: Reflective of human socialisation and non-verbal communication, dance affords insights into the understanding of dynamic social body movements. Understandably, dance perception and enjoyment differ between individuals, whereby factors including expertise, kinematic properties, and sociocultural background contribute to behavioural and neural aesthetic responses to dance. Although past work has indicated associations between several of these factors and aesthetic perceptions, we can develop deeper insights into what contributes to the aesthetic value of dance through the complementary use of neuroimaging and behavioural methods. The current thesis explores the impact of 1) embodied dance training on behavioural and neural perceptions of dance aesthetics; 2) the influence of one’s previous experience with the arts and sports on aesthetic perceptions; and 3) the relationship between one’s performance ability and aesthetic perceptions. The use of subjective rating scales of aesthetic qualities and objective measurements of cortical activity (via functional near-infrared spectroscopy; fNIRS) allowed for direct comparison of aesthetic perceptions of dance choreography before and after embodied learning. Following training, participants reported that movements learned during the training phase were more familiar, reproducible, and enjoyable to view than unlearned movements. Cortical activity in prominent regions of the Action Observation Network (i.e., inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, middle temporal gyrus) did not significantly differ when participants viewed learned versus unlearned dance choreography. The influences of arts experience and dance performance ability on aesthetic perceptions, and how approaches that combine behavioural and brain science techniques can further advance knowledge in this domain, are discussed.
Early Career English Teachers’ Stories of Professional Learning in Indonesia: Unique Becoming in a Standardising World?
Creators: name: KARLINA, YENI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: This narrative-based research examines how eight early career English teachers experience professional learning in the Professional Teacher Education (PPG) program in Indonesia. It also investigates how these learning experiences influence their identities and current teaching practices in their school contexts. The analysis revealed that these teachers’ experiences of learning in the PPG program involved an active, agentic engagement with various discourses surrounding English teaching and teacher professionalism in the Indonesian contexts. This conceptualisation of learning offers an alternative to a causal logic in policy making which often assumes a straightforward relationship between English teacher professionalisation, professional identities, and professional practices.
A characterization of inner product spaces
Creators: name: Moslehian, Mohammad Sal
name: Rassias, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46C15 (Primary), 46B20 (Secondary), 46C05

description: In this paper we present a new criterion on characterization of real inner product spaces. We conclude that a real normed space $(X, \|...\|)$ is an inner product space if $$\sum_{ε_i \in \{-1,1\}} \|x_1 + \sum_{i=2}^kε_ix_i\|^2=\sum_{ε_i \in \{-1,1\}} (\|x_1\| + \sum_{i=2}^kε_i\|x_i\|)^2,$$ for some positive integer $k\geq 2$ and all $x_1, ..., x_k \in X$. Conversely, if $(X, \|...\|)$ is an inner product space, then the equality above holds for all $k\geq 2$ and all $x_1, ..., x_k \in X$.
description: 8 Pages, to appear in Kochi J. Math. (Japan)
Additional file 1 of Estimation of postpartum depression risk from electronic health records using machine learning
Creators: name: Amit, Guy
name: Girshovitz, Irena
name: Marcus, Karni
name: Zhang, Yiye
name: Pathak, Jyotishman
name: Bar, Vered
name: Akiva, Pinchas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Appendix.