cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling up Search Engine Audits: Practical Insights for Algorithm Auditing
Creators: name: Ulloa, Roberto
name: Makhortykh, Mykola
name: Urman, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithm audits have increased in recent years due to a growing need to independently assess the performance of automatically curated services that process, filter, and rank the large and dynamic amount of information available on the internet. Among several methodologies to perform such audits, virtual agents stand out because they offer the ability to perform systematic experiments, simulating human behaviour without the associated costs of recruiting participants. Motivated by the importance of research transparency and replicability of results, this paper focuses on the challenges of such an approach. It provides methodological details, recommendations, lessons learned, and limitations based on our experience of setting up experiments for eight search engines (including main, news, image and video sections) with hundreds of virtual agents placed in different regions. We demonstrate the successful performance of our research infrastructure across multiple data collections, with diverse experimental designs, and point to different changes and strategies that improve the quality of the method. We conclude that virtual agents are a promising venue for monitoring the performance of algorithms across long periods of time, and we hope that this paper can serve as a basis for further research in this area.
Amplirhagada napierana Solem 1981
Creators: name: Köhler, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Camaenidae
Amplirhagada
Amplirhagada napierana

description: Amplirhagada napierana Solem, 1981 Amplirhagada napierana Solem, 1981a: 225–232, pl. 14d, figs. 36b, 48a–b, 50, 51a (Barker Gorge, Napier Range). Material examined. AMS C150457 (Western Australia, Napier Range, E side, 1.2 km N of Napier Downs, 17°19.5'S 124°48.0'E) (Fig. 1, Pl. 2.16). Remarks. This species was described from various localities in the Napier Range, where it occurs in three disjunct areas in close proximity but not sympatrically with A. percita. The anatomy was described by Solem (1981a). The penial morphology of the present sample corresponds with the original description. This species is represented in the molecular tree shown below.
description: Published as part of Köhler, Frank, 2010, Uncovering Local Endemism in the Kimberley, Western Australia: Description of New Species of the Genus Amplirhagada Iredale, 1933 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae), pp. 217-284 in Records of the Australian Museum 62 (2) on page 273, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1554, http://zenodo.org/record/5239086
description: {"references": ["Solem, A., 1981 a. Camaenid land snails from Western and central Australia (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Camaenidae). II. Taxa from the Kimberley, Amplirhagada Iredale 1933. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 11: 147 - 320."]}
London Penetration Depth and Pair Breaking
Creators: name: Kogan, V. G.
name: Prozorov, R.
name: Mishra, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The London penetration depth is evaluated for isotropic materials for any transport and pair-breaking Born scattering rates. Besides known results, a number of new features are found. The slope $|dρ/dθ|$ of the normalized superfluid density $ρ=λ^2(0)/λ^2(θ)$ at the transition $θ=T/T_c=1$ has a minimum near the value of the pair-breaking parameter separating gapped and gapless states. The low-$T$ exponentially flat part of $ρ$ for the s-wave materials is suppressed by increasing pair breaking. For strong $T_c $ suppression by magnetic impurities the "Homes scaling" $λ^{-2}(0) \propto σT_c$ with $σ$ being the normal conductivity gives way to $λ^{-2}(0) \propto σT_c^2$. For the d-wave order parameter, the transport and spin-flip Born scattering rates enter the theory only as a sum, in particular, they affect the $T_c$ depression in the same manner. We confirm that the linear low temperature behavior of $ρ$ in a broad range of the combined scattering parameter turns to the $T^2$ behavior only when the critical temperature is suppressed at least by a factor of 3 relative to the clean limit $T_{c0}$. Moreover, in this range, $ρ(θ)$ is only weakly dependent on the scattering parameter, i.e. it is nearly universal.
Stage ad Asiago per 13 giovanissimi astronomi
Creators: Giulia Iafrate
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Si è conclusa sabato 3 agosto all’Osservatorio astrofisico di Asiago la settimana di stage dedicata ai tredici partecipanti junior dei Campionati italiani di astronomia che hanno disputato la finale nazionale senza però essere stati ammessi alla fase successiva. Un’occasione per sperimentare in prima persona – con lezioni, laboratori, esercizi e telescopi – la vita degli astronomi
Dove la materia s’impantana, quella oscura avanza
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Un team di astronomi, guidato da Emily Silich del Caltech e da Elena Bellomi di Harvard, ha districato le componenti di una collisione tra due enormi ammassi di galassie in cui la materia oscura si è separata dalla materia ordinaria, superandola e attraversando indenne la regione d’incontro. Lo studio su The Astrophysical Journal
A Note on Error Bounds for Pseudo Skeleton Approximations of Matrices
Creators: name: de Hoog, Frank
name: Hegland, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F55

description: Due to their importance in both data analysis and numerical algorithms, low rank approximations have recently been widely studied. They enable the handling of very large matrices. Tight error bounds for the computationally efficient Gaussian elimination based methods (skeleton approximations) are available. In practice, these bounds are useful for matrices with singular values which decrease quickly. Using the Chebyshev norm, this paper provides improved bounds for the errors of the matrix elements. These bounds are substantially better in the practically relevant cases where the eigenvalues decrease polynomially. Results are proven for general real rectangular matrices. Even stronger bounds are obtained for symmetric positive definite matrices. A simple example is given, comparing these new bounds to earlier ones.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Classifica anche tu le galassie di Euclid
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Decine di migliaia di galassie distanti, tutte da classificare: è il nuovo progetto di citizen science proposto dalla missione Euclid dell'Esa in collaborazione con il celebre Galaxy Zoo sulla piattaforma Zooniverse. Il contributo dei volontari servirà ad addestrare un algoritmo di intelligenza artificiale per identificare la forma delle centinaia di milioni di galassie che il telescopio spaziale osserverà nei prossimi sei anni
Efficient Fast Multipole Accelerated Boundary Elements via Recursive Computation of Multipole Expansions of Integrals
Creators: name: Gumerov, Nail A.
name: Kaneko, Shoken
name: Duraiswami, Ramani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N38, 65D32, 41A55

description: In boundary element methods (BEM) in $\mathbb{R}^3$, matrix elements and right hand sides are typically computed via analytical or numerical quadrature of the layer potential multiplied by some function over line, triangle and tetrahedral volume elements. When the problem size gets large, the resulting linear systems are often solved iteratively via Krylov subspace methods, with fast multipole methods (FMM) used to accelerate the matrix vector products needed. When FMM acceleration is used, most entries of the matrix never need be computed explicitly - {\em they are only needed in terms of their contribution to the multipole expansion coefficients.} We propose a new fast method - \emph{Quadrature to Expansion (Q2X)} - for the analytical generation of the multipole expansion coefficients produced by the integral expressions for single and double layers on surface triangles; charge distributions over line segments and over tetrahedra in the volume; so that the overall method is well integrated into the FMM, with controlled error. The method is based on the $O(1)$ per moment cost recursive computation of the moments. The method is developed for boundary element methods involving the Laplace Green's function in ${\mathbb R}^3$. The derived recursions are first compared against classical quadrature algorithms, and then integrated into FMM accelerated boundary element and vortex element methods. Numerical tests are presented and discussed.
description: 6 figures, preprint
title: Association rheumatoid arthritis and gout : about two cases.
title: Association polyarthrite rhumatoïde et goutte : à propos de deux cas.
Creators: name: Haddani, Fatima Zahra
Publisher: name: Revue Marocaine de Rhumatologie (RMR)
Year: 2020
Subjects: Goutte ; Polyarthrite rhumatoïde ; Association.

description: Gout and RA are two distinct types of inflammatory arthritis with different clinical, biological and radiological features. However, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between the two diseases and sometimes these two conditions can coexist in the same patient. The purpose of this article is to show the difficulty to avoid late diagnosis. The PR association and gout is rarely reported. We report 2 clinical cases illustrating this association to avoid late diagnosis.
description: La goutte et la PR sont deux types distincts d'arthrite inflammatoire avec des caractéristiques cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques différentes. Cependant, il est difficile parfois de distinguer entre les 2 affections et parfois ces 2 affections peuvent coexister chez le même patient. Le but de cet article est de montrer cette difficulté afin d’éviter tout retard diagnostic.L’association PR et goutte est rarement rapportée. Nous relatons 2 cas cliniques illustrant cette association afin d'éviter tout retard diagnostic.
Orologi cosmici su Marte
Creators: Rossella Spiga
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

La frequenza degli impatti da meteoriti su Marte è molto superiore a quanto si pensava in precedenza. Poiché il numero di crateri presenti sulla superficie viene utilizzato per datare le superfici dei pianeti, le stime aggiornate degli impatti permetteranno di rendere molto più precisa la regolazione del cosiddetto “orologio cosmico”. I risultati sono stati confermati da due studi indipendenti pubblicati rispettivamente su Nature Astronomy e Science Advances
Amplirhagada varia Solem 1981
Creators: name: Köhler, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Camaenidae
Amplirhagada
Amplirhagada varia

description: Amplirhagada varia Solem, 1981 Amplirhagada varia varia Solem, 1981a: 294–300, pl. 13c, figs. 36e, 65b, 66a, 67a–b, 69a–d (Mitchell Plateau, AMAX port, Warrender Road). Material examined. AMS C460963 (track to Crystal Creek, 1.5 km from Walsh Point, 14.446°S 125.792°E) (Fig. 1, Pl. 2.18). Remarks. Solem (1981a) described two subspecies, A. varia varia and A. varia depressa, which essentially differ in the length of the penial verge. Both taxa are found in very close geographical proximity. They were apparently treated as subspecies because of their otherwise very close anatomy. However, as they do not meet the criteria of geographical races that replace each other, I suggest elevating both to the rank of distinct species. Consequently, herein I refer to the species name A. varia for the so-called nominate form. The penis anatomy of the present sample corresponds with the figures shown by Solem (1981a). This species is represented in the molecular tree shown below.
description: Published as part of Köhler, Frank, 2010, Uncovering Local Endemism in the Kimberley, Western Australia: Description of New Species of the Genus Amplirhagada Iredale, 1933 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae), pp. 217-284 in Records of the Australian Museum 62 (2) on page 273, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1554, http://zenodo.org/record/5239086
description: {"references": ["Solem, A., 1981 a. Camaenid land snails from Western and central Australia (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Camaenidae). II. Taxa from the Kimberley, Amplirhagada Iredale 1933. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 11: 147 - 320."]}
Dihedral twist liquid models from emergent Majorana fermions
Creators: name: Teo, Jeffrey C. Y.
name: Hu, Yichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of electron-based coupled-wire models of bosonic orbifold topological phases, referred to as twist liquids, in two spatial dimensions. All local fermion degrees of freedom are gapped and removed from the topological order by many-body interactions. Bosonic chiral spin liquids and anyonic superconductors are constructed on an array of interacting wires, each supports emergent massless Majorana fermions that are non-local (fractional) and constitute the $SO(N)$ Kac-Moody Wess-Zumino-Witten algebra at level 1. We focus on the dihedral $D_k$ symmetry of $SO(2n)_1$, and its promotion to a gauge symmetry by manipulating the locality of fermion pairs. Gauging the symmetry (sub)group generates the $\mathcal{C}/G$ twist liquids, where $G=\mathbb{Z}_2$ for $\mathcal{C}=U(1)_l$, $SU(n)_1$, and $G=\mathbb{Z}_2$, $\mathbb{Z}_k$, $D_k$ for $\mathcal{C}=SO(2n)_1$. We construct exactly solvable models for all of these topological states. We prove the presence of a bulk excitation energy gap and demonstrate the appearance of edge orbifold conformal field theories corresponding to the twist liquid topological orders. We analyze the statistical properties of the anyon excitations, including the non-Abelian metaplectic anyons and a new class of quasiparticles referred to as Ising-fluxons. We show an eight-fold periodic gauging pattern in $SO(2n)_1/G$ by identifying the non-chiral components of the twist liquids with discrete gauge theories.
description: 75 pages, 4 figures
Pappogeomys tylorhinus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Geomyidae
Pappogeomys
Pappogeomys tylorhinus

description: Pappogeomys tylorhinus (Merriam, 1895). N. Am. Fauna, 8:167. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Hidalgo, Tula, 6800 ft. (2073 m). DISTRIBUTION: Distrito Federal, and Hidalgo to C. Jalisco (Mexico). COMMENT: Includes planiceps; see Russell, 1968, Univ. Kans. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 16(7):735. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410003001009001 as Cratogeomys tylorhinus. 5301410003001008001 as Cratogeomys planiceps.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 1), pp. 345-382 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 381, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353023
New stabilized $P_1\times P_0$ finite element methods for nearly inviscid and incompressible flows
Creators: name: Li, Yuwen
name: Zikatanov, Ludmil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work proposes a new stabilized $P_1\times P_0$ finite element method for solving the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations. The numerical scheme is based on a reduced Bernardi--Raugel element with statically condensed face bubbles and is pressure-robust in the small viscosity regime. For the Stokes problem, an error estimate uniform with respect to the kinematic viscosity is shown. For the Navier--Stokes equation, the nonlinear convection term is discretized using an edge-averaged finite element method. In comparison with classical schemes, the proposed method does not require tuning of parameters and is validated for competitiveness on several benchmark problems in 2 and 3 dimensional space.
Soft Sensors in digital healthcare monitoring
Creators: name: Kasimatis, Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Stretchable sensors are a class of materials with applications across research fields from healthcare to structural engineering. Despite the extensive research aiming to improve the performance of individual materials or components, stretchable sensor devices are difficult to implement because conventional electronic components, mainly used for processing, which are rigid, have to make contact with soft components reliable enough to withstand real-world usage. This thesis introduces a method for creating electrical contacts that can be robustly attached onto soft, stretchable conductive polymer composites on one side and soldered to metal wires on the other side. Mechanically robust electrical contacts were developed to interface (soft) silicone-based strain sensors with conventional (hard) solid-state electronics using a nanoporous silicon-copper contact. Contacts are mounted on custom-made and commercial soft strain sensitive silicone sensors. The contacts are shown to be reliable under large deformations, then compared with a commonly used alternative under real-world strain conditions. The layered structure of the device creates a complex electronic component deriving from the silicon-copper Schottky junction. This thesis tests the versatility of the technology through a series of real-world applications. The silicon-copper contacts were used to produce a series of proof-of-concept devices, including a wearable respiration monitor, leg band for exercise monitoring, and squeezable ball to monitor rehabilitation of patients with hand injuries or neurological disorders. The sensor is shown to operate and detect multiple modes of motion regardless of placement on the body. Next, a proof-of-concept device was employed to measure hand grip strength. The optimized sensor can detect grip strength with high sensitivity. The hardness of the device was shown to increase sensitivity when healthy humans performed manual exercises and completed digital tasks. Providing patients with these devices can help monitor their rehabilitation following hand injuries or neurological disorders. This can be done through self-led at-home therapy which has been shown to improve treatment, engagement, long-term lifestyle adherence, while avoiding repeated visits to clinics which plays an important role in frequency of therapy, effectiveness, and accessibility.
Continuous Centrifuge Decelerator for Polar Molecules
Creators: name: Chervenkov, S.
name: Wu, X.
name: Bayerl, J.
name: Rohlfes, A.
name: Gantner, T.
name: Zeppenfeld, M.
name: Rempe, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Producing large samples of slow molecules from thermal-velocity ensembles is a formidable challenge. Here we employ a centrifugal force to produce a continuous molecular beam with a high flux at near-zero velocities. We demonstrate deceleration of three electrically guided molecular species, CH$_3$F, CF$_3$H, and CF$_3$CCH, with input velocities of up to $200\,\rm{m\,s^{-1}}$ to obtain beams with velocities below $15\,\rm{m\,s^{-1}}$ and intensities of several $10^9\,\rm{mm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$. The centrifuge decelerator is easy to operate and can, in principle, slow down any guidable particle. It has the potential to become a standard technique for continuous deceleration of molecules.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; version accepted for publication in PRL
Trappole di polvere all’origine delle macromolecole
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Nei dischi protoplanetari di gas e polvere esistono trappole di polvere e ghiaccio che, se ben irradiate dalle giovani stelle al centro di tali dischi, possono portare alla formazione di macromolecole nel giro di pochi decenni. Questa scoperta potrebbe essere cruciale per capire come si sviluppa l'abitabilità intorno a diversi tipi di esopianeti e stelle. Tutti i dettagli su Nature Astronomy
Accretion from debris disks onto white dwarfs : Fingering (thermohaline) instability and derived accretion rates
Creators: name: Deal, M.
name: Deheuvels, S.
name: Vauclair, G.
name: Vauclair, S.
name: Wachlin, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of a large number of DA and DB white dwarfs show evidence of debris disks, which are the remnants of old planetary systems. The infrared excess detected with \emph{Spitzer} and the lines of heavy elements observed in their atmospheres with high-resolution spectroscopy converge on the idea that planetary material accretes onto these stars. Accretion rates have been derived by several authors with the assumption of a steady state between accretion and gravitational settling. The results are unrealistically different for DA and DB white dwarfs. When heavy matter is accreted onto stars, it induces an inverse $μ$-gradient that leads to fingering (thermohaline) convection. The aim of this letter is to study the impact of this specific process on the derived accretion rates in white dwarfs and on the difference between DA and DB. We solve the diffusion equation for the accreted heavy elements with a time-dependent method. The models we use have been obtained both with the IRAP code, which computes static models, and the La Plata code, which computes evolutionary sequences. Computations with pure gravitational settling are compared with computations that include fingering convection. The most important result is that fingering convection has very important effects on DAs but is inefficient in DBs. When only gravitational settling is taken into account, the time-dependent computations lead to a steady state, as postulated by previous authors. When fingering convection is added, this steady state occurs much later. The surprising difference found in the past for the accretion rates derived for DA and DB white dwarfs disappears. The derived accretion rates for DAs are increased when fingering convection is taken into account, whereas those for DBs are not modified. More precise and developed results will be given in a forthcoming paper.
Pappogeomys zinseri
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Geomyidae
Pappogeomys
Pappogeomys zinseri

description: Pappogeomys zinseri (Goldman, 1939). J. Mammal., 20:91. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Jalisco, Lagos, 6150 ft. (1875 m). DISTRIBUTION: N.E. Jalisco (Mexico). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410003001010001 as Cratogeomys zinseri.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 1), pp. 345-382 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 381, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353023
title: Drawing the line: advance requests for medical assistance in dying: broad considerations with a special focus on dementia
Creators: name: Borges, Julia
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: This thesis considers the issue of whether to expand Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) legislation to include advance requests (ARs) broadly, with particular consideration for the dementia condition. The goal is to provide a deeper understanding of the value tensions involved in a decision of if and how ARs for MAiD should be extended to the Canadian population. To date, much of the discussion of the ethics of advance requests for MAiD focuses on those with dementia. This condition poses particular challenges in that it will, at some point, certainly cause a loss of capacity and living with such loss of capacity may be considered unbearable suffering to some individuals. The question of whether to legalize ARs for MAiD hinges on notions of the self and the nature of autonomy, both of which are affected by dementia. This thesis aims to address some of these challenges with a view to understanding whether and under what circumstances an AR for MAiD might be justified. This thesis provides suggestions and arguments aimed specifically at whether ARs for MAiD ought to be legalized and does not suggest whether MAiD ought to be legalized for individuals with mental illness as a sole underlying condition. Further, the scope of this thesis focuses on the moral and ethical considerations and implication that ought to be considered in potential expansion of legislation, not the resulting implications of actually expanding such legislation. Overall, the thesis focuses on the ethics of the potential legalization of ARs for MAiD in general, with a sub-focus on dementia, as the condition poses unique challenges as mentioned above.
On the tmf-Hurewicz image of $A_1$
Creators: name: Pham, Viet-Cuong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $A_1$ be any spectrum in the class of finite spectra whose mod-2 cohomology is isomorphic to $\mathcal{A}(1)$ as a module over the subalgebra $\mathcal{A}(1)$ of the Steenrod algebra; let $tmf$ be the connective spectrum of topological modular forms. In this paper, we prove that the $tmf$-Hurewicz image of $A_1$ is surjective.
Il Sole sta già iniziando il suo prossimo ciclo
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Anche se il Sole è solo a metà del ciclo attuale, il 25esimo, studiando le onde sonore che si propagano al suo interno sembra che siano già presenti le prime avvisaglie del prossimo ciclo solare. I ricercatori sono arrivati a questa conclusione seguendo i cambiamenti della nostra stella per circa 25 anni, utilizzando i dati eliosismici raccolti da Gong, Mdi e Hmi
Polarimetric studies of Comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd)
Creators: name: Das, H. S.
name: Medhi, B. J.
name: Wolf, S.
name: Bertrang, G.
name: Roy, P. Deb
name: Chakraborty, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optical imaging polarimetric observations of comet C/2009 P1(Garradd) at three different phase angles e.g., 28.2$^\circ$, 28.1$^\circ$ and 21.6$^\circ$. The observations were carried out using IUCAA Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera mounted on Cassegrain focus of the 2-m Telescope of IGO, IUCAA, Pune in R$_{comet}$, R photometric bands, on 21 and 22 March 2012 and ARIES Imaging Polarimeter mounted on Cassegrain focus of the 1.04-m Sampurnanand Telescope of ARIES, Nainital in R photometric band, on 23 May 2012. We show the presence of a jet activity in the rotational gradient treated image of comet Garradd at phase angle 28.1$^\circ$. These jets are mainly oriented towards the Sun and extended up to $\sim$ 5100 km from the cometary photocenter. The antisolar extension of jet seems to be fainter, which is extended up to $\sim$ 1800 km. It is found that the comet Garradd shows negative polarization at phase angle 21.6$^\circ$. The degree of polarization derived for Garradd is in good agreement with other comets at nearly similar phase angles e.g., comets 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 22P/Kopff, 1P/Halley, C/1990 K1 (Levy), 4P/Faye, and C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) at phase angle $\sim$ 28$^\circ$, and 47P/Ashbrook-Jackson at phase angle $\sim$ 21.6$^\circ$, respectively. It is also found that the degree of polarization of dusty coma of comet Garradd at phase angle $\sim$ 28$^\circ$ is high but, not as high as in the case of comet Hale-Bopp.
description: (Accepted in MNRAS on September 26, 2013) 8 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Incendio a Roma, evacuata la sede centrale Inaf
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Pomeriggio di fuoco per il personale della sede centrale dell’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica, in viale del Parco Mellini, a Roma, costretto all’evacuazione a causa dell’incendio che si è propagato sul colle di Monte Mario. Roberto Ragazzoni (presidente Inaf): «L’evacuazione è terminata regolarmente e nessuno dei nostri colleghi è rimasto coinvolto»
Dynamical Spin-Orbit-Based Spin Transistor
Creators: name: Gürsoy, F. N.
name: Reck, P.
name: Gorini, C.
name: Richter, K.
name: Adagideli, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) has been a key tool to steer and manipulate spin-dependent transport properties in two-dimensional electron gases. Here we demonstrate how spin currents can be created and efficiently read out in nano- or mesoscale conductors with time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI. Invoking an underlying non-Abelian SU(2) gauge structure we show how time-periodic spin-orbit fields give rise to spin electric forces and enable the generation of pure spin currents of the order of several hundred nano-Amperes. In a complementary way, by combining gauge transformations with "hidden" Onsager relations, we exploit spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI to convert spin currents (back) into charge currents. In combining both concepts, we devise a spin transistor that integrates efficient spin current generation, by employing dynamical SOI, with its experimentally feasible detection via conversion into charge signals. We derive general expressions for the respective spin- and charge conductance, covering large parameter regimes of SOI strength and driving frequencies, far beyond usual adiabatic approaches such as the frozen scattering matrix approximation. We check our analytical expressions and approximations with full numerical spin-dependent transport simulations and demonstrate that the predictions hold true in a wide range from low to high driving frequencies.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Lactobacillus gallinarum
Creators: name: Zheng, Jinshui
name: Wittouck, Stijn
name: Salvetti, Elisa
name: Franz, Charles M. A. P.
name: Harris, Hugh M. B.
name: Mattarelli, Paola
name: O'Toole, Paul W.
name: Pot, Bruno
name: Vandamme, Peter
name: Walter, Jens
name: Watanabe, Koichi
name: Wuyts, Sander
name: Felis, Giovanna E.
name: Gänzle, Michael G.
name: Lebeer, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Bacteria
Firmicutes
Bacilli
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillaceae
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus gallinarum

description: Lactobacillus gallinarum
Lactobacillus gallinarum (gal.li.na'rum. L. gen. pl. n. gallinarum of hens).
Lactobacillus gallinarum produces DL-lactic acid. Acid is producedfrom glucose, mannose, galactose, sucrose, fructose, cellobiose, melibiose and raffinose. No acid formation from arabinose, rhamnose, ribose, trehalose and mannitol. Synonymous with Lactobacillus acidophilus group A4 of Johnson et al. [72]. Strains are tolerant to 4.0 % NaCl [72, 84]. The genome size of the type strain is 1.94 Mbp and the mol% G+C content of DNA is 36.5.
Isolated from the chicken intestine.
Thetypestrainis L917, ScavT =ATCC 33199 T =CCUG 30724 T =CIP 103611 T =DSM 10532 T = JCM 2011 T = LMG 9435 T =VPI 1294 T.
Genome sequence accession number: AZEL00000000.
16S rRNA gene accession number: AJ417737.
description: Published as part of Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O'Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, pp. 2782-2858 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 on page 2796, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107, http://zenodo.org/record/4730536
title: Bibliotheca Clenckiana; 1578
title: [Inventar der 1577 der Universitätsbibliothek vermachten Büchersammlung des Juristen und Theologen Rudolf Clenck (1528-1578) mit 3.517 Werken in 2.641 Bänden]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Vischer, Bartholomaeus
name: Clenck, Rudolph
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: Entstehungsort: Ingolstadt. - Entstehungszeit: 1578 (dat. 1r)
Individual project on theme vulpes (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Novikov Kirill
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Новикова Кирилла по теме "Vulpes" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
Thomomys Wied 1839
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Geomyidae
Thomomys

description: Thomomys Wied, 1839. Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol., 19(1):377. REVIEWED BY: R. D. Orr (RDO). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410003007000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 1), pp. 345-382 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 381, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353023
Con 24mila meteore, ecco la mappa dalla Iss
Creators: Redazione Asi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Lanciato con la Soyuz MS-14 il 22 agosto 2019 dopo essere stato selezionato dall’Asi per la missione Beyond di Luca Parmitano, il rivelatore Mini-Euso ha consentito di osservare sistematicamente per la prima volta dallo spazio le meteore nella banda ultravioletta. I risultati sono stati pubblicati la settimana scorsa su A&A. Il responsabile dell’analisi è Dario Barghini dell’Inaf di Torino
Il giorno più caldo? Lunedì 22 luglio
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Dopo 12 mesi di caldo record, la Nasa e l’Esa avvertono che il 22 luglio 2024 è stato il giorno più caldo mai registrato. Si parla di temperature medie globali: 0.90 gradi in più rispetto al trentennio 1991-2020. Bill Nelson (Nasa): «In un anno che è stato il più caldo mai registrato, queste ultime due settimane sono state particolarmente brutali»
Horizon instability of massless scalar perturbations of an extreme Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole
Creators: name: Zhang, Shao-Jun
name: Pan, Qiyuan
name: Wang, Bin
name: Abdalla, Elcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of extreme Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole under massless scalar perturbations. We show that the perturbation on the horizon of the extreme Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole experiences a power-law decay, instead of an exponential decay as observed in the nonextreme AdS black hole. On the horizon of the extreme Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole, the blow up happens at lower order derivative of the scalar field compared with that of the extreme Reissner-Nordström black hole, which shows that extreme AdS black holes tend to instability in comparison to black holes in asymptotic flat space-times.
description: 20 pages,7 figures, match published version
Thomomys bottae
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Geomyidae
Thomomys
Thomomys bottae

description: Thomomys bottae (Eydoux and Gervais, 1836). Mag. Zool. Paris, 6:23. REVIEWED BY: J. Ramirez-Pulido (JRP). TYPE LOCALITY: U.S.A., California, Monterey Co., Monterey, along coast. DISTRIBUTION: S. W. U.S.A., north to Oregon and Colorado, south to Sinaloa and Nuevo Leon (Mexico). COMMENT: Includes baileyi, fulvus, suboles, harquahalae, pectoralis, and lachuguilla; see Anderson, 1966, Syst. Zool., 15: 189- 198, and Hoffmeister, 1969, Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist., 51:75-91, who revised this species. Hoffmeister, 1969, found evidence of hybridization between bottae and umbrinus in Sycamore Canyon, Arizona; he provisionally considered bottae and umbrinus distinct species. Hall, 1981:469, reported evidence of intergradation in Nuevo Leon (Mexico), reviewed Hoffmeister, 1969, and included bottae in umbrinus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410003007002001 as T. bottae. 5301410003007001001 as T. baileyi.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 1), pp. 345-382 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 381, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353023
description: {"references": ["Anderson, S. 1966. Taxonomy of gophers, especially Thomomys in Chihuahua, Mexico. Systematic Zoology, 15: 189 - 198.", "Hoffmeister, D. F. 1969. The species problem in the Thomomys bottae-Thomomys umbrinus complex of gophers in Arizona. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 51: 75 - 91.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90."]}
Ritratto di una galassia a spirale esemplare
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Il telescopio spaziale Hubble ci regala un'istantanea dettagliata della galassia a spirale Ngc 3430, situata a 100 milioni di anni luce dalla Terra nella costellazione del Leone Minore. La forma ben definita di Ngc 3430 potrebbe essere uno dei motivi per cui nel 1926 l'astronomo Edwin Hubble la utilizzò per definire la sua classificazione delle galassie, usata ancora oggi
Studying the Molecular Ambient towards the Young Stellar Object EGO G35.04-0.47
Creators: name: Paron, S.
name: Ortega, M. E.
name: Astort, A.
name: Rubio, M.
name: Fariña, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are performing a systematic study of the interstellar medium around extended green objects (EGOs), likely massive young stellar objects driving outflows. EGO G35.04-0.47 is located towards a dark cloud at the northern-west edge of an HII region. Recently, H2 jets were discovered towards this source, mainly towards its southwest, where the H2 1-0 S(1) emission peaks. Therefore, the source was catalogued as the Molecular Hydrogen emission-line object MHO 2429. In order to study the molecular ambient towards this star-forming site, we observed a region around the aforementioned EGO using the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment in the 12CO J=3--2, 13CO J=3--2, HCO+ J=4--3, and CS J=7--6 lines with an angular and spectral resolution of 22" and 0.11 km s-1, respectively. The observations revealed a molecular clump where the EGO is embedded at v_LSR ~ 51 km s-1, in coincidence with the velocity of a Class I 95 GHz methanol maser previously detected. Analyzing the 12CO line we discovered high velocity molecular gas in the range from 34 to 47 km s-1, most likely a blueshifted outflow driven by the EGO. The alignment and shape of this molecular structure coincide with those of the southwest lobe of MHO 2429 mainly between 46 and 47 km s-1, confirming that we are mapping its CO counterpart. Performing a SED analysis of EGO G35.04-0.47 we found that its central object should be an intermediate-mass young stellar object accreting mass at a rate similar to those found in some massive YSOs. We suggest that this source can become a massive YSO.
description: accepted to be published in PASJ - 24 September 2013
Su Didymos e Dimorphos anche i massi parlano
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Difesa planetaria, detriti spaziali e asteroidi near-Earth: questo il tema dell’edizione speciale pubblicata oggi da Nature Communications, e nella quale rientra una serie di cinque articoli – due dei quali a guida Inaf – che analizzano le caratteristiche della coppia di asteroidi Didymos e Dimorphos, osservati da vicino dagli strumenti della sonda Dart prima dell’impatto sul secondo dei due, in un primo esperimento di difesa planetaria realizzato da Nasa e Asi
Distinction of Nuclear Spin States with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
Creators: name: Natterer, Fabian Donat
name: Patthey, François
name: Brune, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate rotational excitation spectroscopy with the scanning tunneling microscope for physisorbed hydrogen and its isotopes hydrogen-deuterid and deuterium. The observed excitation energies are very close to the gas phase values and show the expected scaling with moment of inertia. Since these energies are characteristic for the molecular nuclear spin states we are able to identify the para and ortho species of hydrogen and deuterium, respectively. We thereby demonstrate nuclear spin sensitivity with unprecedented spatial resolution.
Tre piccoli oggetti misteriosi per Rubies
Creators: Sofia Cussini
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Un team internazionale, guidato dai ricercatori della Penn State, ha identificato tre oggetti misteriosi, osservati quando l’universo aveva solo il 5 per cento della sua età attuale, confermando che si tratta di galassie molto piccole con stelle vecchie e buchi neri supermassicci. La scoperta mette in crisi gli attuali modelli di formazione delle galassie e dei loro buchi neri supermassicci. Tutti i dettagli su ApJ Letters
Analytic Solution for Tachyon Condensation in Berkovits' Open Superstring Field Theory
Creators: name: Erler, Theodore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic solution for tachyon condensation on a non-BPS D-brane in Berkovits' open superstring field theory. The solution is presented as a product of $2\times 2$ matrices in two distinct $GL_2$ subgroups of the open string star algebra. All string fields needed for computation of the nonpolynomial action can be derived in closed form, and the action produces the expected non-BPS D-brane tension in accordance with Sen's conjecture. We also comment on how D-brane charges may be encoded in the topology of the tachyon vacuum gauge orbit.
description: v2: 43 pages, 6 figures. Minor corrections, references added
Controlling out-of-equilibrium phase transitions in complex surfactant systems
Creators: name: Donina, Liva
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Surfactants in solutions self-assemble in a range of structures that are academically and industrially important. In particular, liquid crystalline phases have energies near kBT and are generally responsive to external fields, including shear flows and small temperature changes. Lyotropic lamellar Lα phases can undergo a transformation into multilamellar vesicles (MLVs), which have wide ranging application in protocell models and particle encapsulants. The Lα-to-MLV transformation exhibits a rich behaviour when co-surfactant and salt is introduced to the system, and thermal energy provided, ranging from vesicle formation to shear-controlled hexagonal vesicle packing. In this thesis, I select sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/octanol/brine (20 g/L NaCl in H2O) as a model system to investigate the equilibrium and non-equilibrium structures attainable by these state and process variables, employing continuous and oscillatory microfluidic flows. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the Lα-to-MLV transformation in non-ionic and charged surfactant systems and reviews the microfluidic approaches employed in flow-induced transformations. Chapter 2 introduces the experimental techniques used in this work, namely polarised optical microscopy (POM), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) alongside microdevice design and integration with SANS. Our research sought to answer the following three questions: 1) what are the accessible SDS/octanol/brine solution microstructures? 2) what effect the membrane elastic properties have on the flow induced textures in linear flows? 3) what effect the microfludic flow field has on SDS/octanol/brine flow induced textures. In Chapter 3, I investigate the solution structure of SDS/octanol/brine system across the lamellar (Lα), vesicle (L4) and micellar (L1) phases employing small angle neutron scattering (SANS), optical microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Chapter 4 quantifies the effect of Lα elastic properties on the shear induced Lα-to-MLV transformation by utilising continuous flow microfluidics on a long serpentine chip. Chapter 5 focuses on the effect of continuous and oscillatory microfluidic contraction-expansion flows on the formation of MLVs. Chapter 6 describes an outreach activity at the intersection of surfactant science and art, first developed for the Great Exhibition Road Festival 2022 and refined since. The final chapter reflects on the key findings of this PhD project and provides an outlook for future research.
Single inclusive particle production at high energy from HERA data to proton-nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Lappi, T.
name: Mäntysaari, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study single inclusive hadron production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions in the CGC framework. The parameters in the calculation are determined solely by standard nuclear geometry and by electron-proton deep inelastic scattering data, which is fit using the running coupling BK equation. We show that it is possible to obtain a good fit of the HERA inclusive cross section also without an anomalous dimension in the initial condition. We argue that one must consistently use the proton transverse area as measured by a high virtuality probe in DIS also for the single inclusive cross section in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions. We show that this leads to a midrapidity nuclear modification ratio R_pA that approaches unity at high transverse momentum independently of sqrt(s), in contrast to most CGC calculations in the literature. We also present predictions for future forward R_pA measurements at the LHC.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures. RevTeX
On Kitaoka's conjecture and lifting problem for universal quadratic forms
Creators: name: Kala, Vítězslav
name: Yatsyna, Pavlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E12, 11E20, 11E25, 11H06, 11R04

description: For a totally positive definite quadratic form over the ring of integers of a totally real number field $K$, we show that there are only finitely many totally real field extensions of $K$ of a fixed degree over which the form is universal (namely, those that have a short basis in a suitable sense). Along the way we give a general construction of a universal form of rank bounded by $D(\log D)^{d-1}$, where $d$ is the degree of $K$ over $\mathbb Q$ and $D$ is its discriminant. Furthermore, for any fixed degree we prove (weak) Kitaoka's conjecture that there are only finitely many totally real number fields with a universal ternary quadratic form.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Bull. LMS