cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutrino spin-flavor oscillations derived from the mass basis
Creators: name: Fabbricatore, Riccardo
name: Grigoriev, Alexander
name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider neutrino mixing and oscillations in presence of an arbitrary constant magnetic field with nonzero transversal $B_{\perp}$ and longitudinal $B_{\parallel}$ components with respect to the direction of neutrino propagation. The electromagnetic interaction of neutrinos is determined by diagonal and transition neutrino magnetic moments that are introduced for the neutrino mass states. Explicit expressions for the effective neutrino diagonal and transition magnetic moments for the flavor basis in terms of these values for the mass states are obtained. The effective evolution Hamiltonian for the flavor neutrino and the corresponding oscillation probability are derived. The role of the longitudinal magnetic field component is examined. In particular, it is shown that: 1) $B_{\parallel}$ coupled to the corresponding magnetic moments shifts the neutrino energy, and 2) in case of nonvanishing neutrino transition magnetic moments $B_{\parallel}$ produces an additional mixing between neutrino states, both in the mass and flavor neutrino bases.
description: 6 pages, no figures, V2: typos corrected
Observational selection biases in time-delay strong lensing and their impact on cosmography
Creators: name: Collett, Thomas E.
name: Cunnington, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inferring cosmological parameters from time-delay strong lenses requires a significant investment of telescope time; it is therefore tempting to focus on the systems with the brightest sources, the highest image multiplicities and the widest image separations. We investigate if this selection bias can influence the properties of the lenses studied and the cosmological parameters that are inferred. Using a population of lenses with ellipsoidal powerlaw density profiles, we build a sample of double and quadruple image systems. Assuming reasonable thresholds on image separation and flux, based on current lens monitoring campaigns, we find that the typical density profile slopes of monitorable lenses are significantly shallower than the input ensemble. From a sample of quadruple image lenses we find that this selection function can introduce a 3.5% bias on the inferred time-delay distances if the ensemble of deflector properties is used as a prior for a cosmographical analysis. This bias remains at the 2.4% level when high resolution imaging of the quasar host is used to precisely infer the density profiles of individual lenses. We also investigate if the lines-of-sight for monitorable strong lenses are biased. After adding external convergence, $κ$, and shear to our lens population we find that the expectation value for $κ$ is increased by 0.004 and 0.009 for doubles and quads respectively. $κ$ is degenerate with the value of $H_0$ inferred from time delays; fortunately the shift in $κ$ only induces a 0.9 (0.4) percent bias on $H_0$ for quads (doubles). We therefore conclude that whilst the properties of typical quasar lenses and their lines-of-sight do deviate from the global population, the total magnitude of this effect is likely a subdominant effect for current analyses, but has the potential to be a major systematic for samples of $\sim$25 or more lenses.
description: 10 Pages. Submitted to MNRAS. Revised after comments from referee
Model-Independent Mass Reconstruction of the Hubble Frontier Field Clusters with MARS Based on Self-Consistent Strong Lensing Data
Creators: name: Cha, Sangjun
name: Jee, M. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new strong-lensing (SL) mass reconstruction of the six Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) clusters with the MAximum-entropy ReconStruction (${\tt MARS}$) algorithm. ${\tt MARS}$ is a new free-form inversion method, which suppresses spurious small-scale fluctuations while achieving excellent convergence in positions of multiple images. For each HFF cluster, we obtain a model-independent mass distribution from the compilation of the self-consistent SL data in the literature. With $100-200$ multiple images per cluster, we reconstruct solutions with small scatters of multiple images in both source (~0".02) and image planes (~0."05-0.''1), which are lower than the previous results by a factor of 5-10. An outstanding case is the MACS J0416.1-2403 mass reconstruction, which is based on the largest high-quality SL dataset where all 236 multiple images/knots have spectroscopic redshifts. Although our solution is smooth on a large scale, it reveals group/galaxy-scale peaks where the substructures are required by the data. We find that in general, these mass peaks are in excellent spatial agreement with the member galaxies, although ${\tt MARS}$ never uses the galaxy distributions as priors. Our study corroborates the flexibility and accuracy of the ${\tt MARS}$ algorithm and demonstrates that ${\tt MARS}$ is a powerful tool in the JWST era, when $2-3$ times larger number of multiple image candidates become available for SL mass reconstruction, and self-consistency within the dataset becomes a critical issue.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, submitted to ApJ
Incentivizing Exploration with Heterogeneous Value of Money
Creators: name: Han, Li
name: Kempe, David
name: Qiang, Ruixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Frazier et al. proposed a natural model for crowdsourced exploration of different a priori unknown options: a principal is interested in the long-term welfare of a population of agents who arrive one by one in a multi-armed bandit setting. However, each agent is myopic, so in order to incentivize him to explore options with better long-term prospects, the principal must offer the agent money. Frazier et al. showed that a simple class of policies called time-expanded are optimal in the worst case, and characterized their budget-reward tradeoff. The previous work assumed that all agents are equally and uniformly susceptible to financial incentives. In reality, agents may have different utility for money. We therefore extend the model of Frazier et al. to allow agents that have heterogeneous and non-linear utilities for money. The principal is informed of the agent's tradeoff via a signal that could be more or less informative. Our main result is to show that a convex program can be used to derive a signal-dependent time-expanded policy which achieves the best possible Lagrangian reward in the worst case. The worst-case guarantee is matched by so-called "Diamonds in the Rough" instances; the proof that the guarantees match is based on showing that two different convex programs have the same optimal solution for these specific instances. These results also extend to the budgeted case as in Frazier et al. We also show that the optimal policy is monotone with respect to information, i.e., the approximation ratio of the optimal policy improves as the signals become more informative.
description: WINE 2015
Generalized partitioned local depth
Creators: name: Berenhaut, Kenneth S.
name: Foley, John D.
name: Lyu, Liangdongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we provide a generalization of the concept of cohesion as introduced recently by Berenhaut, Moore and Melvin [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119 (4) (2022)]. The formulation presented builds on the technique of partitioned local depth by distilling two key probabilistic concepts: local relevance and support division. Earlier results are extended within the new context, and examples of applications to revealing communities in data with uncertainty are included. The work sheds light on the foundations of partitioned local depth, and extends the original ideas to enable probabilistic consideration of uncertain, variable and potentially conflicting information.
description: Typos correct & clarifying comments, 19 pages, 6 figures
Sublattice extraordinary-log phase and new special point of the antiferromagnetic Potts model
Creators: name: Zhang, Li-Ru
name: Ding, Chengxiang
name: Zhang, Wanzhou
name: Zhang, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the surface criticality of a three-dimensional classical antiferromagnetic Potts model, whose bulk critical behaviors belongs to the XY model because of emergent O(2) symmetry. We find that the surface antiferromagnetic next-nearest neighboring interactions can drive the extraordinary-log phase to the ordinary phase, the transition between the two phases belongs to the universality class of the well-known special transition of the XY model. Further strengthening the surface next-nearest neighboring interactions, the extraordinary-log phase reappears, but the main critical behaviors are dominated on the sublattices of the model; the special point between the ordinary phase and the sublattice extraordinary-log phase belongs to a new universality class.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Neomeris Lamouroux 1816
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Dasycladales
Dasycladaceae
Neomeris

description: Neomeris Lamouroux (1816: 241)
 Neomeris annulata Dickie (1874a: 198).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS: According to Pedroche et al. (2005) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) this name is accepted; however no one has recently reviewed the taxonomic status.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: ND (Huerta-Múzquiz 1978: 338), Isla Partida (Dawson 1961: 383), Punta Arenas and Cabo Pulmo (Mateo-Cid et al. 2000: 70), Canal de San Lorenso, Isla Cerralvo, Ensenada de Muertos, Punta Pericos and Las Tachuclas (Hinojosa-Arango & Riosmena-Rodríguez 2001), Bahía del Rincón (Riosmena–Rodríguez et al. 2005: 13), Southern Gulf (Norris 2010: 101).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 226, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Expectations for time-delay measurements in active galactic nuclei with the Vera Rubin Observatory
Creators: name: Czerny, Bozena
name: Panda, Swayamtrupta
name: Prince, Raj
name: Jaiswal, Vikram Kumar
name: Zajacek, Michal
name: Aldama, Mary Loli Martinez
name: Kozlowski, Szymon
name: Kovacevic, Andjelka B.
name: Ilic, Dragana
name: Popovic, Luka C.
name: Nunez, Francisco Pozo
name: Hoenig, Sebastian F.
name: Brandt, William N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vera Rubin Observatory will provide an unprecedented set of time-dependent observations of the sky. The planned Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) operating for 10 years will provide dense lightcurves for thousands of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in Deep Drilling Fields (DDFs) and less dense lightcurves for millions of AGN. We model the prospects for measuring time delays for emission lines with respect to the continuum, using these data. We model the artificial lightcurves using Timmer-Koenig algorithm, we use the exemplary cadence to sample them, we supplement lightcurves with the expected contamination by the strong emission lines (Hbeta, Mg II and CIV as well as with Fe II pseudo-continuum and the starlight). We choose the suitable photometric bands appropriate for the redshift and compare the assumed line time delay with the recovered time delay for 100 statistical realizations of the light curves. We show that time delays for emission lines can be well measured from the Main Survey for the bright tail of the quasar distribution (about 15% of all sources) with the accuracy within 1 sigma error, for DDFs results for fainter quasars are also reliable when all 10 years of data are used. There are also some prospects to measure the time delays for the faintest quasars at the smallest redshifts from the first two years of data, and eventually even from the first season. The entire quasar population will allow obtaining results of apparently high accuracy but in our simulations, we see a systematic offset between the assumed and recovered time delay depending on the redshift and source luminosity which will not disappear even in the case of large statistics. Such a problem might affect the slope of the radius-luminosity relation and cosmological applications of quasars if simulations correcting for such effects are not performed.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
Security boundaries of an optical power limiter for protecting quantum key distribution systems
Creators: name: Peng, Qingquan
name: Gao, Binwu
name: Zaitsev, Konstantin
name: Wang, Dongyang
name: Ding, Jiangfang
name: Liu, Yingwen
name: Liao, Qin
name: Guo, Ying
name: Huang, Anqi
name: Wu, Junjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unauthorized light injection has always been a vital threat to the practical security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system. An optical power limiter (OPL) based on the thermo-optical defocusing effect has been proposed and implemented, limiting the injected hacking light. As a hardware countermeasure, the performance of the OPL under various light-injection attacks shall be tested to clarify the security boundary before being widely deployed. To investigate the OPL's security boundary in quantum cryptography, we comprehensively test and analyse the behavior of OPL under continuous-wave (c.w.) light-injection attacks and pulse illumination attacks with pulses' repetition rate at $0.5$-$\hertz$, $40$-$\mega\hertz$, and $1$-$\giga\hertz$. The testing results illuminate the security boundary of the OPL, which allows one to properly employ the OPL in the use cases. The methodology of testing and analysis proposed here is applicable to other power-limitation components in a QKD system.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Koenigs Theorem and Superintegrable Liouville Metrics
Creators: name: Valent, Galliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a first part, we give a new proof of Koenigs theorem and, in a second part, we determine the local form of all the superintegrable Riemannian Liouville metrics as well as their global geometries.
Measurement-driven Quality Assessment of Nonlinear Systems by Exponential Replacement
Creators: name: Stein, Manuel
name: Nossek, Josef A.
name: Barbé, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We discuss the problem how to determine the quality of a nonlinear system with respect to a measurement task. Due to amplification, filtering, quantization and internal noise sources physical measurement equipment in general exhibits a nonlinear and random input-to-output behaviour. This usually makes it impossible to accurately describe the underlying statistical system model. When the individual operations are all known and deterministic, one can resort to approximations of the input-to-output function. The problem becomes challenging when the processing chain is not exactly known or contains nonlinear random effects. Then one has to approximate the output distribution in an empirical way. Here we show that by measuring the first two sample moments of an arbitrary set of output transformations in a calibrated setup, the output distribution of the actual system can be approximated by an equivalent exponential family distribution. This method has the property that the resulting approximation of the statistical system model is guaranteed to be pessimistic in an estimation theoretic sense. We show this by proving that an equivalent exponential family distribution in general exhibits a lower Fisher information measure than the original system model. With various examples and a model matching step we demonstrate how this estimation theoretic aspect can be exploited in practice in order to obtain a conservative measurement-driven quality assessment method for nonlinear measurement systems.
description: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), Taipei, Taiwan, 2016
Phase-tunable multiple Andreev reflections in a quantum spin Hall strip
Creators: name: Yang, Xue
name: Burset, Pablo
name: Lu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum spin Hall strip where different edges are contacted by $s$-wave superconductors with a phase difference $ϕ$ supports Majorana bound states protected by time-reversal symmetry. We study signatures of these states in a four-terminal setup where two Josephson junctions are built on opposite edges of the strip and the phase difference between superconductors can be controlled by an external flux. Applying a voltage bias across the quantum spin Hall strip results in a sequence of conductance peaks from multiple Andreev reflections. We find that this so-called subharmonic gap structure is very sensitive to the phase difference and displays a phase-controlled even-odd effect, where all odd spikes disappear when the Majorana states are formed for $ϕ=π$. Moreover, the remaining even spikes split when the superconductors forming the junction have different gap size. We explain these features by showing that any midgap bound states enhance the transmission of the even order multiple Andreev reflections, while the reduced density of states at the gap edges suppresses the odd order ones.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Phaeophila Hauck 1876
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Ulvales
Phaeophilaceae
Phaeophila

description: Phaeophila Hauck (1876: 56)
 Phaeophila dendroides (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Batters (1902: 13).
TAXONOMIC STATUS: According to Norris (2010) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) this name is currently accepted.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: Isla María Magdalena (Dawson 1961: 371), Sonora (Mendoza-González & Mateo-Cid 1986: 419, Mateo-Cid et al. 2006: 58), Bahía de Banderas (Serviere-Zaragoza et al. 1993: table 2).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 226, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Perspectives on Software-Defined Networks: interviews with five leading scientists from the networking community
Creators: name: Batista, Daniel M
name: Blair, Gordon
name: Kon, Fabio
name: Boutaba, Raouf
name: Hutchison, David
name: Jain, Raj
name: Ramjee, Ramachandran
name: Rothenberg, Christian E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software defined Networks (SDNs) have drawn much attention both from academia and industry over the last few years. Despite the fact that underlying ideas already exist through areas such as P2P applications and active networks (e.g. virtual topologies and dynamic changes of the network via software), only now has the technology evolved to a point where it is possible to scale the implementations, which justifies the high interest in SDNs nowadays. In this article, the JISA Editors invite five leading scientists from three continents (Raouf Boutaba, David Hutchison, Raj Jain, Ramachandran Ramjee, and Christian Esteve Rothenberg) to give their opinions about what is really new in SDNs. The interviews cover whether big telecom and data center companies need to consider using SDNs, if the new paradigm is changing the way computer networks are understood and taught, and what are the open issues on the topic.
Cell-format-dependent mechanical damage in silicon anodes
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio F.
name: Rajendran, Sathish
name: Trask, Stephen E.
name: Dunlop, Alison R.
name: Singh, Avtar
name: Allen, Jeffery M.
name: Weddle, Peter J.
name: Colclasure, Andrew M.
name: Jansen, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally believed that silicon-based anodes for Li-ion batteries would benefit from stronger binders, as cyclic volume changes would not disrupt the cohesion of the composite electrode. Here, we put this belief to the proof by testing electrodes containing SiOx particles and an aromatic polyimide binder. We observe that the electrodes can stretch laterally by as much as 6% during the first cycle, indicating that internal stresses are high enough to induce plastic deformation on the copper current collector. Remarkably, no coating delamination is observed. Additional consequences were size-dependent: while pouch-cell-sized electrodes developed wrinkles, coin-cell-sized ones remained mostly smooth. We demonstrate that wrinkling of the current collector damages the electrode coating, inactivating SiOx domains and accelerating capacity fade. This size-dependent performance decay indicates that, in extreme cases, testing outcomes are highly dependent on scale. Novel battery materials may require testing at larger cell formats for complete validation.
Quantum cognition beyond Hilbert space II: Applications
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Beltran, Lyneth
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
name: Sozzo, Sandro
name: Veloz, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The research on human cognition has recently benefited from the use of the mathematical formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space. However, cognitive situations exist which indicate that the Hilbert space structure, and the associated Born rule, would be insufficient to provide a satisfactory modeling of the collected data, so that one needs to go beyond Hilbert space. In Part I of this paper we follow this direction and present a general tension-reduction (GTR) model, in the ambit of an operational and realistic framework for human cognition. In this Part II we apply this non-Hilbertian quantum-like model to faithfully reproduce the probabilities of the 'Clinton/Gore' and 'Rose/Jackson' experiments on question order effects. We also explain why the GTR-model is needed if one wants to deal, in a fully consistent way, with response replicability and unpacking effects.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Unveiling the formation route of the largest galaxies in the universe
Creators: name: Perea, Jaime D.
name: Solanes, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational evidence indicates that the role of gas is secondary to that of gravity in the formation of the most luminous spheroids inhabiting the centres of galaxy associations, as originally conjectured in the late 80's/early 90's. However, attempts to explain the origin of the Fundamental Plane (FP) of massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) -- a tilted version of the scaling relation connecting the size, velocity dispersion and mass of virialized homologous systems -- based on sequences of pairwise mergers, have systematically concluded that dissipation cannot be ignored. We use controlled simulations of the previrialization stage of galaxy groups to show that multiple collisionless merging is capable of creating realistic first-ranked galaxies. Our mock remnants define a thin FP that perfectly fits data from all kinds of giant ETGs in the local volume, showing the existence of a unified relationship for these systems. High-ranked galaxies occupy in the FP different areas than standard objects, a segregation which is viewed essentially as zero-point offsets in the 2D correlations arising from standard projections of this plane. Our findings make a strong case for considering hierarchical dissipationless merging a viable route for the formation of the largest galaxies in the universe.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Charge fluctuations, phonons and superconductivity in multilayer graphene
Creators: name: Li, Ziyan
name: Kuang, Xueheng
name: Jimeno-Pozo, Alejandro
name: Sainz-Cruz, Héctor
name: Zhan, Zhen
name: Yuan, Shengjun
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent experimental detection of superconductivity in Bernal bilayer (AB) and rhombohedral trilayer (ABC) graphene, we study the emergence of superconductivity in multilayer graphene based on a Kohn-Luttinger (KL)-like mechanism in which the pairing glue is the screened Coulomb interaction. We find that electronic interactions alone can drive superconductivity in AB bilayer graphene and ABC trilayer graphene with the critical temperatures in good agreement with the experimentally observed ones, allowing us to further predict superconductivity from electronic interactions in Bernal ABA trilayer and ABAB tetralayer and rhombohedral ABCA tetralayer graphene. By comparing the critical temperatures ($T_c$) of these five non-twisted graphene stacks, we find that the ABC trilayer graphene possesses the highest $T_c\sim100$ mK. After considering the enhancement of superconductivity due to Ising spin-orbit coupling, we observe that the AB bilayer graphene has the largest enhancement in the critical temperature, increasing from 23 mK to 143 mK. The superconducting behaviors in these non-twisted graphene stacks could be explained by the order parameters (OPs). The OPs of Bernal stacks preserve intravalley $C_3$ symmetry, whereas rhombohedral stacks break it. In all stacks, the OPs have zeroes and change signs between valleys, which means that these multilayers of graphene are nodal spin-triplet superconductors. Moreover, dressing the purely electronic interaction with acoustic phonons, we observe minor changes of the critical temperatures in these five stacks. We adopt the KL-like mechanism to investigate the tendency of superconductivity in multilayer graphene without fitting parameters, which could provide guidance to future experiments exploring superconductivity in non-twisted graphene.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Psilus masoni Muesebeck 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Psilus
Psilus masoni

description: Psilus masoni Muesebeck, 1980: 3, 6, 13, figs 12, 28, 39, 53, 54.
Valid name
Psilus masoni Muesebeck, 1980.
Summary of types
Paratype ♂.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Explaining Nonlinearities in Black Hole Ringdowns from Symmetries
Creators: name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Perrone, Davide
name: Riotto, Antonio
name: Riva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently pointed out that nonlinear effects are necessary to model the ringdown stage of the gravitational waveform produced by the merger of two black holes giving rise to a remnant Kerr black hole. We show that this nonlinear behaviour is explained, both on the qualitative and quantitative level, by near-horizon symmetries of the Kerr black hole within the Kerr/CFT correspondence.
description: 5 pages
Exploring the Extremes: Characterizing a New Population of Old and Cold Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Meisner, A. M.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Logsdon, S. E.
name: Schneider, A. C.
name: Tremblin, P.
name: Phillips, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mapping out the populations of thick disk and halo brown dwarfs is important for understanding the metallicity dependence of low-temperature atmospheres and the substellar mass function. Recently, a new population of cold and metal-poor brown dwarfs has been discovered, with $T_{\rm{eff}}$ $\lesssim$ 1400 K and metallicity $\lesssim$ $-$1 dex. This population includes what may be the first known "extreme T-type subdwarfs" and possibly the first Y-type subdwarf, WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3. We have conducted a Gemini YJHK/Ks photometric follow-up campaign targeting potentially metal-poor T and Y dwarfs, utilizing the GNIRS and Flamingos-2 instruments. We present 14 near-infrared photometric detections of 8 unique targets: six T subdwarf candidates, one moderately metal poor Y dwarf candidate, and one Y subdwarf candidate. We have obtained the first ever ground-based detection of the highly anomalous object WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3. The F110W$-$$J$ color of WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3 is significantly bluer than that of other late-T and Y dwarfs, indicating that WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3 has an unusual spectrum in the 0.9-1.4 $μ$m wavelength range which encompasses the $J$-band peak. Our $J$-band detection of WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3 and corresponding model comparisons suggest a subsolar metallicity and temperature of 400-550 K for this object. JWST spectroscopic follow-up at near-infrared and mid-infrared wavelengths would allow us to better understand the spectral peculiarities of WISEA J153429.75$-$104303.3, assess its physical properties, and conclusively determine whether or not it is the first Y-type subdwarf.
description: submitted to AAS Journals
Predicting attractors from spectral properties of stylized gene regulatory networks
Creators: name: Rumiantsau, Dzmitry
name: Lesne, Annick
name: Hütt, Marc-Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How the architecture of gene regulatory networks ultimately shapes gene expression patterns is an open question, which has been approached from a multitude of angles. The dominant strategy has been to identify non-random features in these networks and then argue for the function of these features using mechanistic modelling. Here we establish the foundation of an alternative approach by studying the correlation of eigenvectors with synthetic gene expression data simulated with a basic and popular model of gene expression dynamics -- attractors of Boolean threshold dynamics in signed directed graphs. Eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian are known to explain collective dynamical states (stationary patterns) in Turing dynamics on graphs. In this study, we show that eigenvectors can also predict collective states (attractors) for a markedly different type of dynamics, Boolean threshold dynamics, and category of graphs, signed directed graphs. However, the overall predictive power depends on details of the network architecture, in a predictable fashion. Our results are a set of statistical observations, providing the first systematic step towards a further theoretical understanding of the role of eigenvectors in dynamics on graphs.
description: Main text: 14 pages, 11 figures. Supplements: 22 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to: Physical Review E
Study of the wall pressure variations on the stall inception of a thick cambered profile at high Reynolds number
Creators: name: Braud, Caroline
name: Podvin, Bérengère
name: Deparday, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of the aerodynamic forces on a thick and cambered airfoil at a high Reynolds number 3.6 x 10^6, which is of direct relevance for wind turbine design. Unlike thin airfoils at low chord-based Reynolds numbers, no consistent description currently exists for the stall process on such airfoils. We consider two chord-wise rows of instantaneous wall pressure measurements, taken simultaneously at two spanwise locations over a range of angles of attack. We show that around maximum lift conditions, a strong asymmetry is observed in the statistics of the normal force on each chord. In this range of angles of attacks, the pressure fluctuations are largest in the adverse pressure gradient region, and the fluctuation peak along the chord is systematically located directly upstream of the mean steady separation point, indicating intermittent flow separation. Moreover, the fluctuations are characterized by bi-stability in both space and time: for each spanwise location, large excursions of the local wall pressure between two different levels can be observed in time (jumps), and these excursions are highly anti-correlated between the two spanwise locations (spatial switches). The characteristic time scale for the switches is found to be well correlated with the amplitudes of the fluctuations. Application of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) analysis to each row of sensors confirms that the flow separation is an inherently local, three-dimensional and unsteady process that occurs in a continuous manner when the angle of attack increases. The correlation between the dominant POD mode amplitudes is found to be a good indicator of bi-stability. Most of the fluctuations can be captured with the two most energetic POD modes. This suggests that force fluctuations near the maximal lift could be modelled by a low-order approach, for monitoring and control purposes.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, published in Physical Review Fluids
Cell augmentation framework for topological lattices
Creators: name: Charara, Mohammad
name: Gonella, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maxwell lattices are characterized by an equal number of degrees of freedom and constraints. A subset of them, dubbed topological lattices, are capable of localizing stress and deformation on opposing edges, displaying a polarized mechanical response protected by the reciprocal-space topology of their band structure. In two dimensions, the opportunities for topological polarization have been largely restricted to the kagome and square lattice benchmark configurations, due to the non-triviality of generating arbitrary geometries that abide by Maxwell conditions. In this work, we introduce a generalized family of augmented topological lattices that display full in-plane topological polarization. We explore the robustness of such polarization upon selection of different augmentation criteria, with special emphasis on augmented configurations that display dichotomous behavior with respect to their primitive counterparts. We corroborate our results via intuitive table-top experiments conducted on a lattice prototype assembled from 3D-printed mechanical links.
Gallium Arsenide Optical Phased Array Photonic Integrated Circuit
Creators: name: Nickerson, Michael
name: Song, Bowen
name: Brookhyser, Jim
name: Erwin, Gregory
name: Kleinert, Jan
name: Klamkin, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 16-channel optical phased array is fabricated on a gallium arsenide photonic integrated circuit platform with a low-complexity process. Tested with a 1064 nm external laser, the array demonstrates 0.92° beamwidth, 15.3° grating-lobe-free steering range, and 12 dB sidelobe level. Based on a reverse biased p-i-n structure, component phase modulators are 3 mm long with DC power consumption of less than 5 $μ$W and greater than 770 MHz electro-optical bandwidth. Individual 4-mm-long phase modulators based on the same structure demonstrate single-sided V$π{\cdot}$L modulation efficiency ranging from 0.5 V${\cdot}$cm to 1.23 V${\cdot}$cm when tested at wavelengths from 980 nm to 1360 nm.
description: 15 pages, 2 tables, 13 figures. Submitted to Optics Express 2023-04-05
Randomized Benchmarking using Non-Destructive Readout in a 2D Atom Array
Creators: name: Nikolov, B.
name: Diamond-Hitchcock, E.
name: Bass, J.
name: Spong, N. L. R.
name: Pritchard, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral atoms are a promising platform for scalable quantum computing, however prior demonstration of high fidelity gates or low-loss readout methods have employed restricted numbers of qubits. Using randomized benchmarking of microwave-driven single-qubit gates, we demonstrate average gate errors of $7(2)\times10^{-5}$ on a 225 site atom array using conventional, destructive readout. We further demonstrate a factor of 1.7 suppression of the primary measurement errors via low-loss, non-destructive and state-selective readout on 49 sites whilst achieving gate errors of $2(9)\times10^{-4}$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures plus Supplementary Material
Survey of Important Issues in UAV Communication Networks
Creators: name: Gupta, Lav
name: Jain, Raj
name: Vaszkun, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have enormous potential in the public and civil domains. These are particularly useful in applications where human lives would otherwise be endangered. Multi-UAV systems can collaboratively complete missions more efficiently and economically as compared to single UAV systems. However, there are many issues to be resolved before effective use of UAVs can be made to provide stable and reliable context-specific networks. Much of the work carried out in the areas of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), and Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) does not address the unique characteristics of the UAV networks. UAV networks may vary from slow dynamic to dynamic; have intermittent links and fluid topology. While it is believed that ad hoc mesh network would be most suitable for UAV networks yet the architecture of multi-UAV networks has been an understudied area. Software Defined Networking (SDN) could facilitate flexible deployment and management of new services and help reduce cost, increase security and availability in networks. Routing demands of UAV networks go beyond the needs of MANETS and VANETS. Protocols are required that would adapt to high mobility, dynamic topology, intermittent links, power constraints and changing link quality. UAVs may fail and the network may get partitioned making delay and disruption tolerance an important design consideration. Limited life of the node and dynamicity of the network leads to the requirement of seamless handovers where researchers are looking at the work done in the areas of MANETs and VANETs, but the jury is still out. As energy supply on UAVs is limited, protocols in various layers should contribute towards greening of the network. This article surveys the work done towards all of these outstanding issues, relating to this new class of networks, so as to spur further research in these areas.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1304.3904 by other authors
Seebeck coefficient of liquid water from equilibrium molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Drigo, Enrico
name: Baroni, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of a temperature gradient to an extended system generates an electromotive force that induces an electric current in conductors and a macroscopic polarization in insulators. The ratio of the electromotive force to the temperature difference, usually referred to as the Seebeck coefficient, is often computed using non-equilibrium techniques, such as non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD). In this paper we argue that thermo-polarization effects in insulating fluids can be conveniently treated by standard equilibrium thermodynamics and devise a protocol, based on a combination of equilibrium molecular dynamics and Bayesian inference methods, that allows one to compute the Seebeck coefficient in these systems along with a rigorous estimate of the resulting statistical accuracy. The application of our methodology to liquid SPC/E water results in good agreement with previous studies, based on more elaborate NEMD simulations, and in a more reliable estimate of the statistical accuracy of the results.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Real-time-controlled artificial quiet channel for acoustic cloaking under varying detection conditions
Creators: name: Lasri, Or
name: Sirota, Lea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of hiding non-stationary objects from acoustic detection in a two-dimensional environment, where both the object's impedance and the properties of the detection signal may vary during operation. The detection signal is assumed to be an acoustic beam created by an array of emitters, which scans the area at different angles and different frequencies. We propose an active control-based solution that creates an effective moving dead zone around the object, and results in an artificial quiet channel for the object to pass through undetected. The control principle is based on mid-domain generation of near uni-directional beams using only monopole actuators. Based on real-time response prediction, these beams open and close the dead zone with a minimal perturbation backwards, which is crucial due to detector observers being located on both sides of the object's route. The back action wave determines the cloak efficiency, and is traded-off with the control effort; the higher is the effort the quieter is the cloaking channel. We validate our control algorithm via numerical experiments in a two-dimensional acoustic waveguide, testing variation in frequency and incidence angle of the detection source. Our cloak successfully intercepts the source by steering the control beams and adjusting their wavelength accordingly.
A new look at the kinematics of the bulge from an N-body model
Creators: name: Gomez, A.
name: Di Matteo, P.
name: Stefanovitch, N.
name: Haywood, M.
name: Combes, F.
name: Katz, D.
name: Babusiaux, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) By using an N-body simulation of a bulge that was formed via a bar instability mechanism, we analyse the imprints of the initial (i.e. before bar formation) location of stars on the bulge kinematics, in particular on the heliocentric radial velocity distribution of bulge stars. Four different latitudes were considered: $b=-4^\circ$, $-6^\circ$, $-8^\circ$, and $-10^\circ$, along the bulge minor axis as well as outside it, at $l=\pm5^\circ$ and $l=\pm10^\circ$. The bulge X-shaped structure comprises stars that formed in the disk at different locations. Stars formed in the outer disk, beyond the end of the bar, which are part of the boxy peanut-bulge structure may show peaks in the velocity distributions at positive and negative heliocentric radial velocities with high absolute values that can be larger than 100 $\rm km$ $\rm s^{-1}$, depending on the observed direction. In some cases the structure of the velocity field is more complex and several peaks are observed. Stars formed in the inner disk, the most numerous, contribute predominantly to the X-shaped structure and present different kinematic characteristics. Our results may enable us to interpret the cold high-velocity peak observed in the APOGEE commissioning data, as well as the excess of high-velocity stars in the near and far arms of the X-shaped structure at $l$=$0^\circ$ and $b$=$-6^\circ$. When compared with real data, the kinematic picture becomes more complex due to the possible presence in the observed samples of classical bulge and/or thick disk stars. Overall, our results point to the existence of complex patterns and structures in the bulge velocity fields, which are generated by the bar. This suggests that caution should be used when interpreting the bulge kinematics: the presence of substructures, peaks and clumps in the velocity fields is not necessarily a sign of past accretion events.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Heterogeneous Domain Adaptation with Positive and Unlabeled Data
Creators: name: Mori, Junki
name: Furukawa, Ryo
name: Teranishi, Isamu
name: Sakuma, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Heterogeneous unsupervised domain adaptation (HUDA) is the most challenging domain adaptation setting where the feature spaces of source and target domains are heterogeneous, and the target domain has only unlabeled data. Existing HUDA methods assume that both positive and negative examples are available in the source domain, which may not be satisfied in some real applications. This paper addresses a new challenging setting called positive and unlabeled heterogeneous unsupervised domain adaptation (PU-HUDA), a HUDA setting where the source domain only has positives. PU-HUDA can also be viewed as an extension of PU learning where the positive and unlabeled examples are sampled from different domains. A naive combination of existing HUDA and PU learning methods is ineffective in PU-HUDA due to the gap in label distribution between the source and target domains. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel method, predictive adversarial domain adaptation (PADA), which can predict likely positive examples from the unlabeled target data and simultaneously align the feature spaces to reduce the distribution divergence between the whole source data and the likely positive target data. PADA achieves this by a unified adversarial training framework for learning a classifier to predict positive examples and a feature transformer to transform the target feature space to that of the source. Specifically, they are both trained to fool a common discriminator that determines whether the likely positive examples are from the target or source domain. We experimentally show that PADA outperforms several baseline methods, such as the naive combination of HUDA and PU learning.
description: Accepted by IEEE Big Data 2023 as a regular paper