cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perinatal endoplasmic reticulum stress potentiates cardiomyocyte apoptosis
Creators: name: Bose, Karthikeyan
name: Louey, Samantha
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Apoptosis
subject: Caspases
subject: Myocytes, Cardiac
subject: Gestational Age
subject: ER stress
subject: Cardiomyocyte
subject: Post-natal age

description: One-third of cardiomyocyte are lost just before birth. We studied the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in cardiomyocyte apoptosis in perinatal sheep hearts.
Excess charge-carrier induced instability of hybrid perovskites
Creators: name: Fang, Y.
name: Chen, B.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Yuan, Y.
name: Yu, Z.
name: Bao, C.
name: Rudd, P.N.
name: Deng, Y.
name: Huang, J.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Yan, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Identifying the origin of intrinsic instability for organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) is crucial for their application in electronic devices, including solar cells, photodetectors, radiation detectors, and light-emitting diodes, as their efficiencies or sensitivities have already been demonstrated to be competitive with commercial available devices. Here we show that free charges in OIHPs, whether generated by incident light or by current-injection from electrodes, can reduce their stability, while efficient charge extraction effectively stabilizes the perovskite materials. The excess of both holes and electrons reduce the activation energy for ion migration within OIHPs, accelerating the degradation of OIHPs, while the excess holes and electrons facilitate the migration of cations or anions, respectively. OIHP solar cells capable of efficient charge-carrier extraction show improved light stability under regular operation conditions compared to an open-circuit condition where the photo-generated charges are confined in the perovskite layers.
Surfactant-controlled ink drying enables high-speed deposition of perovskite films for efficient photovoltaic modules
Creators: name: Zheng, X.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Bai, Y.
name: Huang, J.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Deng, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Novel photovoltaic technologies such as perovskites hold the promise of a reduced levelized cost of electricity, but the low-cost potential depends on the ability to scale-up solution-based deposition. So far, complex fluid dynamics have limited the solution deposition of uniform pinhole-free organic–inorganic perovskite thin films over large areas. Here, we show that very small amounts (tens of parts per million) of surfactants (for example, L-α-Phosphatidylcholine) dramatically alter the fluid drying dynamics and increase the adhesion of the perovskite ink to the underlying non-wetting charge transport layer. The additives enable blading of smooth perovskite films at a coating rate of 180 m h–1 with root-mean-square roughness of 14.5 nm over 1 cm. The surfactants also passivate charge traps, resulting in efficiencies over 20% for small-area solar cells. Fast blading in air of perovskite films results in stabilized module efficiencies of 15.3% and 14.6% measured at aperture areas of 33.0 cm2 and 57.2 cm2, respectively.
title: Imaging predictors of invasive breast cancer in patients with US-guided core needle biopsy confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ
Creators: name: Shin, Yoon Joo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided core needle biopsy is conventional procedure for the preoperative histopathologic assessment of breast lesion detected on ultrasound due to its accuracy, less-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness...
Optimaler Beobachtungszeitraum in der Historischen Simulation
Creators: name: Bricke, Thomas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Historische Simulation
subject: Beobachtungszeitraum
subject: Zeitfenster
subject: Historie
subject: Zinsänderungsrisiko
subject: Historical Simulation
subject: observation period
subject: time window
subject: interest rate risk
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die Historische Simulation zählt zu den Standardverfahren der Marktpreisrisikomessung. Eine wesentliche Modellannahme ist dabei die Wahl des Beobachtungszeitraums, aus dem die Szenarien für die Risikomessung generiert werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt dabei den Fokus auf die Zinsposition des sogenannten "gleitenden Zehners", der als passive Fristentransformationsstrategie oder als Methode zur Eigenkapitalanlage Bedeutung hat. Zur Bestimmung des barwertorientierten Verlustrisikos wird für diese Position ein Index gebildet, für den ein geeignetes Volatilitätsmodell ermittelt wird. Durch Volatilitätsanalysen werden Phasen erhöhten Risikos identifiziert und Kandidaten für eine geeignete Parametrisierung der Beobachtungsperiode formuliert. Für diese Kandidaten erfolgt ein Modellvergleich auf Grundlage des Backtestings ihrer mittels Historischer Simulation ermittelten Risikowerte. Schließlich wird das zuvor gefundene Volatilitätsmodell verwendet, um alternative, fiktive Pfade der Datenhistorie zu simulieren. Auf dieser Grundlage werden die Kandidaten erneut einander gegenübergestellt, um eine optimale Wahl des Beobachtungszeitraums zu treffen.
description: The Historical Simulation is a standard method for computing Market Risk. A fundamental assumption is the choice of the historical time window for generating the scenarios. The present thesis focusses on an interest rate position equally distributed over ten years. This positioning is an important strategy in asset liability management, e.g. for equity investment or term transformation. Its present value is represented by an index for which a time series analysis is discussed. Periods of high volatility are identified and possible candidates for the optimal time window are concluded. These candidates are compared with respect to their backtesting results in the Historical Simulation. Moreover, the time series model from before is used to draw fictional alternative trajectories for the position’s value index. Based on these scenarios, the candidates are compared again to eventually find an optimal choice for the time window.
Argon Plasma Treatment to Tune Perovskite Surface Composition for High Efficiency Solar Cells and Fast Photodetectors
Creators: name: Fang, Y.
name: Xiao, X.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Zheng, X.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Deng, Y.
name: Huang, J.
name: Dai, J.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Tang, S.
name: Ecker, B.R.
name: Zeng, X.C.
name: Wang, C.
name: Bao, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The surface composition of perovskite films is very sensitive to film processing and can deviate from the optimal, which generates unfavorable defects and results in efficiency loss in solar cells and slow response speed in photodetectors. An argon plasma treatment is introduced to modify the surface composition by tuning the ratio of organic and inorganic components as well as defect type before deposition of the passivating layer. It can efficiently enhance the charge collection across the perovskite–electrode interface by suppressing charge recombination. Therefore, perovskite solar cells with argon plasma treatment yield enhanced efficiency to 20.4% and perovskite photodetectors can reach their fastest respond speed, which is solely limited by the carrier mobility.
Linearity and Uniqueness: An Entente Cordiale (Appendix)
Creators: name: Danielle Marshall
name: Michael Vollmer
name: Dominic Orchard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: linear types
uniqueness types
substructural logic

description: Appendix for the paper with the same title that appears at ESOP 2022, which was omitted from the original paper due to space limitations. Includes definitions and proofs.
description: This work is supported by an EPSRC Doctoral Training Award (Marshall) and EPSRC grant EP/T013516/1 (Verifying Resource-like Data Use in Programs via Types).
title: Differential diagnosis of calcific axillary lymphadenopathy
Creators: name: Aguillar, Vera Lucia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Illustrate and discuss causes of axillaecalcifications or hyperdense foci simulanting calcifications on mammography, expanding the range of differential diagnoses and allowing better anamese flow and diagnostic approach. Demonstrate imaging...
Hot-Substrate Deposition of Hole- and Electron-Transport Layers for Enhanced Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells
Creators: name: Zhang, F.
name: Rudd, P.N.
name: Tian, S.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Niu, F.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Lian, J.
name: Huang, J.
name: Yu, Z.
name: Qu, J.
name: Zeng, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Charge transport layers play an important role in determining the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, it has proven challenging to produce thin and compact charge transport layers via solution processing techniques. Herein, a hot substrate deposition method capable of improving the morphology of high‐coverage hole‐transport layers (HTLs) and electron‐transport layers (ETLs) is reported. PSC devices using HTLs deposited on a hot substrate show improvement in the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) from 1.041 to 1.070 V and the PCE from 17.00% to 18.01%. The overall device performance is then further enhanced with the hot substrate deposition of ETLs as the Voc and PCE reach 1.105 V and 19.16%, respectively. The improved performance can be explained by the decreased current leakage and series resistance, which are present in PSCs with rough and discontinuous HTLs and ETLs.
(101963) Mary Ann Anna Andrews
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dual Functions of Crystallization Control and Defect Passivation Enabled by Sulfonic Zwitterions for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Creators: name: Xiao, X.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Wei, H.
name: Yu, Z.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Deng, Y.
name: Chen, B.
name: Zheng, X.
name: Huang, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Uniform and high‐electronic‐quality perovskite thin films are essential for high‐performance perovskite devices. Here, it is shown that the 3‐(decyldimethylammonio)‐propane‐sulfonate inner salt (DPSI), which is a sulfonic zwitterion, plays dual roles in tuning the crystallization behavior and passivating the defects of perovskites. The synergistic effect of crystallization control and defect passivation remarkably suppresses pinhole formation, reduces the charge trap density, and lengthens the carrier recombination lifetime, and thereafter boosts the small‐area (0.08 cm2) planar perovskite device efficiency to 21.1% and enables a high efficiency of 18.3% for blade‐coating large‐area (1 cm2) devices. The device also shows good light stability, which remains at 88% of the initial efficiency under continuous unfiltered AM 1.5G light illumination for 480 h. These findings provide an avenue for simultaneous crystallization control and defect passivation to further improve the performance of perovskite devices.
Quantifying the Contribution of Planetary Orbital Variations to Earth's Temperature Changes from 1836 to 2020 for Different Time Scales
Creators: name: Mengmeng Cao
name: Kebiao Mao
name: Bateni, Sayed M.
name: Chen, Jing M.
name: Heggy, Essam
name: Xuming Wang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Although planetary orbital changes are critical for regulating Earth's temperature, their contribution to changes in Earth's temperature has not been quantified. This is an introduction to the code used in studies that quantify the effects of different planetary orbits (i.e., Earth's revolution, Earth's rotation, Moon's revolution, and other planet motions) on changes in Earth's temperature.
Self-sustained irregular activity in an ensemble of neural oscillators
Creators: name: Ullner, Ekkehard
name: Politi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ensemble of pulse-coupled phase-oscillators is thoroughly analysed in the presence of a mean-field coupling and a dispersion of their natural frequencies. In spite of the analogies with the Kuramoto setup, a much richer scenario is observed. The "synchronised phase", which emerges upon increasing the coupling strength, is characterized by highly-irregular fluctuations: a time-series analysis reveals that the dynamics of the order parameter is indeed high-dimensional. The complex dynamics appears to be the result of the non-perturbative action of a suitably shaped phase-response curve. Such mechanism differs from the often invoked balance between excitation and inhibition and might provide an alternative basis to account for the self-sustained brain activity in the resting state. The potential interest of this dynamical regime is further strengthened by its (microscopic) linear stability, which makes it quite suited for computational tasks. The overall study has been performed by combining analytical and numerical studies, starting from the linear stability analysis of the asynchronous regime, to include the Fourier analysis of the Kuramoto order parameter, the computation of various types of Lyapunov exponents, and a microscopic study of the inter-spike intervals.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
(101964) Mortimer Robert Sandys Whitmore
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quantifying the Contribution of Planetary Orbital Variations to Earth's Temperature Changes from 1836 to 2020 for Different Time Scales
Creators: name: Mengmeng Cao
name: Kebiao Mao
name: Bateni, Sayed M.
name: Chen, Jing M.
name: Heggy, Essam
name: Xuming Wang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: 虽然行星轨道变化对于调节地球温度至关重要,但它们对地球温度变化的贡献尚未量化。这是对量化不同行星轨道(即地球自转,月球公转,地球公转和七大行星的共同运动)对地球温度变化的影响过程中使用的代码和数据的介绍。
title: Renal Cell Carcinoma : What we report?
Creators: name: Moreno Ayure, Ingrid
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The goal of our work is to review radiologic findings on CT seen in renal cell carcinoma as well as for staging based on the TNM ( 7th edition). To determine as an ideal complement for a complete oncological report the RENAL nefhrometry scoring...
Functional Ownership through Fractional Uniqueness (Appendix)
Creators: name: Marshall, Danielle
name: Orchard, Dominic
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: graded modal types
ownership
borrowing
fractional permissions

description: Appendix for the paper with the same title that appears at OOPSLA 2024, which was omitted from the original paper due to space limitations. Includes definitions and proofs.
description: This work is supported by an EPSRC Doctoral Training Award (Marshall) and EPSRC grant EP/T013516/1 (Verifying Resource-like Data Use in Programs via Types). Orchard is also supported in part by the generosity of Eric and Wendy Schmidt by recommendation of the Schmidt Sciences program.
Expanding universe with nonlinear gravitational waves
Creators: name: Ikeda, Taishi
name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Nambu, Yasusada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the validity of Isaacson's formula which states that high frequency and low amplitude gravitational waves behave as a radiation fluid on average. For this purpose, we numerically construct a solution of the vacuum Einstein equations which contains nonlinear standing gravitational waves. The solution is constructed in a cubic box with periodic boundary conditions. The time evolution is solved in a gauge in which the trace of the extrinsic curvature $K$ of the time slice becomes spatially uniform. Then, the Hubble expansion rate $H$ is defined by $H=-K/3$ and compared with the effective scale factor $L$ defined by the proper volume, area and length of the cubic box. We find that, even when the wave length of the gravitational waves is comparable to the Hubble scale, the deviation from Isaacson's formula $H\propto L^{-2}$ is at most 3\% without taking a temporal average and is below 0.1\% with a temporal average.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures
title: Correlation of cerebrovascular reactivity and MRI pattern of carotid atherosclerotic plaque
Creators: name: Maksimova, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Currently, in most countries atherosclerosis and its complications are the major cause of cardiovascular diseases [1,2]. The aim of our study was to compare the structure of atherosclerotic plaques, as imaged by high-resolution MRI, with cerebral...
Studying a set of properties of inconsistency indices for pairwise comparisons
Creators: name: Brunelli, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pairwise comparisons between alternatives are a well-established tool to decompose decision problems into smaller and more easily tractable sub-problems. However, due to our limited rationality, the subjective preferences expressed by decision makers over pairs of alternatives can hardly ever be consistent. Therefore, several inconsistency indices have been proposed in the literature to quantify the extent of the deviation from complete consistency. Only recently, a set of properties has been proposed to define a family of functions representing inconsistency indices. The scope of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it expands the set of properties by adding and justifying a new one. Secondly, it continues the study of inconsistency indices to check whether or not they satisfy the above mentioned properties. Out of the four indices considered in this paper, in its present form, two fail to satisfy some properties. An adjusted version of one index is proposed so that it fulfills them.
title: Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of thyroid masses
Creators: name: Sencha, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Oncology
subject: Head and neck

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We amed to evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with SonoVue in differential diagnosis of thyroid...
(101966) Ada Byng Whitmore
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A nanocomposite ultraviolet photodetector based on interfacial trap-controlled charge injection
Creators: name: Huang, J.S.
name: Bi, Y.
name: Guo, F.
name: Yang, B.
name: Xiao, Z.
name: Dong, Q.
name: Yuan, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Ultraviolet photodetectors have applications in fields such as medicine, communications and defence1, and are typically made from single-crystalline silicon, silicon carbide or gallium nitride p–n junction photodiodes. However, such inorganic photodetectors are unsuitable for certain applications because of their high cost and low responsivity (<0.2 A W−1)2. Solution-processed photodetectors based on organic materials and/or nanomaterials could be significantly cheaper to manufacture, but their performance so far has been limited2,3,4,5,6,7. Here, we show that a solution-processed ultraviolet photodetector with a nanocomposite active layer composed of ZnO nanoparticles blended with semiconducting polymers can significantly outperform inorganic photodetectors. As a result of interfacial trap-controlled charge injection, the photodetector transitions from a photodiode with a rectifying Schottky contact in the dark, to a photoconductor with an ohmic contact under illumination, and therefore combines the low dark current of a photodiode and the high responsivity of a photoconductor (∼721–1,001 A W−1). Under a bias of <10 V, our device provides a detectivity of 3.4 × 1015 Jones at 360 nm at room temperature, which is two to three orders of magnitude higher than that of existing inorganic semiconductor ultraviolet photodetectors.
Achieving high efficiency laminated polymer solar cell with interfacial modified metallic electrode and pressure induced crystallization
Creators: name: Bi, Y.
name: Yuan, Y.
name: Huang, J.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We report efficient laminated organic photovoltaic device with efficiency approach the optimized device by regular method based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The high efficiency is mainly attributed to the formation of a concrete polymer/metal interface mechanically and electrically by the use of electronic-glue, and using the highly conductive and flexible silver film as anode to reduce photovoltage loss and modifying its work function for efficiency hole extraction by ultraviolet/ozone treatment, and the pressure induced crystallization of PCBM.
title: Imaging Findings Post Radio-frequency ablation: What does the radiologist need to know?
Creators: name: Reddy, Kiran
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Management
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Normal findings post radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatic tumours. Complications associated with RFA of hepatic tumours. Awareness of post RFA lesion characteristics with regards disease recurrence and incomplete...
Social Media and Eating Habits in Female Teens
Creators: name: Shivangi, Shuchi
name: Cotton, Jennifer
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: Social media usage has increased in the lives of adolescents and also affects adolescents’ mental health. (1) The number of pro-eating disorder communities on social media has increased, which encourages users to participate in disordered eating behavior. Many parents and educators are unaware of the scope of these pro-eating disorder communities and how these communities affect teens. (2) In Western societies, specifically the United States, mass media contributes to the appearance, body shape, and weight concerns of individuals. This dissemination of ideal body imagery in the mass media, such as magazines and social media, increases the likelihood of an individual developing an eating disorder. (3) New data suggest that there is a relationship between an individual’s body perceptions and their perceived “perfect” body type, such as a smaller waist and a larger bust for females, and a muscular figure for men. (4) The data linking media exposure to eating disorders (EDs) has increased over the last decades after the rise of supermodels in the 1900s. Women’s body anxieties have increased when they consume images of supermodels with idealized body mass indexes and weight proportions.
A graph interpretation of the least squares ranking method
Creators: name: Csató, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A06, 91B14

description: The paper aims at analyzing the least squares ranking method for generalized tournaments with possible missing and multiple paired comparisons. The bilateral relationships may reflect the outcomes of a sport competition, product comparisons, or evaluation of political candidates and policies. It is shown that the rating vector can be obtained as a limit point of an iterative process based on the scores in almost all cases. The calculation is interpreted on an undirected graph with loops attached to some nodes, revealing that the procedure takes into account not only the given object's results but also the strength of objects compared with it. We explore the connection between this method and another procedure defined for ranking the nodes in a digraph, the positional power measure. The decomposition of the least squares solution offers a number of ways to modify the method.
High-cadence Analysis of a UV Burst with IRIS
Creators: name: Korveziroska, Amelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar chromosphere
Solar magnetic reconnection

description: Ultraviolet bursts (UVBs) are small-scale transient events indicative of magnetic reconnection in the cool lower solar chromosphere. These phenomena are observed as small (~1") compact brightenings in the NUV and FUV slit-jaw passbands of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). However, they are best characterized spectroscopically by the intensification and broadening/splitting of FUV emission lines observed by IRIS as well as the presence of cool metallic absorption features, particularly Ni II 1393.3 Å and Fe II 1392.8 Å nearby the Si IV 1393.8 Å emission line. UVBs are critical to understanding how mass and energy flow through the chromosphere. In particular, measuring the rate at which electron density changes with time can approximate the material outflow from a UVB, detailing the facility with which energized plasma can traverse the lower chromosphere. Since UVBs are transient events with lifetimes on the order of minutes at velocities of 100s of km/s, using high-cadence spectroscopic data can provide a robust measurement of how the electron density changes with time. Using an IRIS sit-and-stare observation of a single UVB on 2016 November 11 at 00:33:21 UTC, we measured electron densities using the O IV 1399.8/1401.2 Å line-ratio diagnostic. To verify the presence of a UVB, we use a semi-automated detection technique that isolates characteristic burst spectra based on parameters of single-Gaussian fits to the Si IV 1393.8 Å line, narrowing down the UVB candidate population significantly for manual detection of the Ni II 1393.3 Å absorption feature. After isolating the UV burst, we use spatial binning to produce a high-cadence time series of moderate signal-to-noise O IV 1399.8/1401.2 Å spectra. We find that the electron density derived via the O IV line ratio as a function of time remains largely constant. This result may be attributable to the alignment of the outflow jets along the line of sight; however, the influence of electronic noise introduced by the simultaneous readout of the slit-jaw and spectrograph cameras cannot be discounted. This study and others like it are critical for constraining fluid models of magnetic reconnection in partially ionized plasma such as those found in the chromosphere. This research is funded through the NSF-REU Solar Physics Program at SAO AGS-1850750.
(101960) Albert Durm Weston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: SERME-MENDELEY: A free online muscle-skeletal social network
Creators: name: Morales Pérez, Jose Manuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We would like to present SERME-Mendeley Group, a free online social network offering links to most scientific papers pertaining to topics on musculoskeletal radiology found in the virtual libraries of the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM)...
Increased efficiency of low band gap polymer solar cells at elevated temperature and its origins
Creators: name: Yang, B.
name: Yuan, Y.
name: Guo, F.
name: Cox, J.
name: Huang, J.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Photovoltaic characteristics of a low bandgap polymer, poly[(4,4′-bis(2-lethylhexyl)dithieno-[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]silole)-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-4,7-diyl], based bulk hetero-junction organic photovoltaic were investigated from room temperature (RT) to 145 °C to evaluate its applications in harsh environments. The power conversion efficiency was found to increase from 4.1% at RT to 4.5% at 105 °C with increased short circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) despite the decreased open circuit voltage (Voc). Detailed investigation revealed that Jsc and FF improvements were caused by the increased and balanced carrier mobilities at higher temperatures. The Voc of the low bandgap polymer solar cell is determined not only by the energy levels and dark currents, but also by the binding energy of charge transfer excitons (CTEs). A slower reduction of Voc is observed at high temperatures due to the decreased binding energy of CTEs.
title: Study of Using Low Tube Voltage Imaging in Coronary Artery CT-Angiography
Creators: name: Shibata, Hideki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In recent years, it is essential to reduce the radiation dose in the examination using radiation. In particular, the Computed Tomography (CT) examination has a high radiation dose. Therefore, we are making efforts to reduce radiation dose by making...
Propagation peculiarities of mean field massive gravity
Creators: name: Deser, S.
name: Waldron, A.
name: Zahariade, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive gravity (mGR) describes a dynamical "metric" on a fiducial, background one. We investigate fluctuations of the dynamics about mGR solutions, that is about its "mean field theory". Analyzing mean field massive gravity propagation characteristics is not only equivalent to studying those of the full non-linear theory, but also in direct correspondence with earlier analyses of charged higher spin systems, the oldest example being the charged, massive spin 3/2 Rarita--Schwinger (RS) theory. The fiducial and mGR mean field background metrics in the mean field mGR model correspond to the RS Minkowski metric and external EM field. The common implications in both systems are that hyperbolicity holds only in a weak background-mean-field limit, immediately ruling both theories out as fundamental theories. Although both can still be considered as predictive effective models in the weak regime, their lower helicities exhibit superluminal behavior: lower helicity gravitons are superluminal as compared to photons propagating on either the fiducial or background metric. This "crystal-like" phenomenon of differing helicities having differing propagation speeds in both mean field mGR and mGR is a peculiar feature of these models.
description: 11 pages LaTeX
Spatially and temporally varying selection influence species boundaries in two sympatric Mimulus
Creators: name: Tataru, Diana
name: Wheeler, Emma
name: Ferris, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mimulus
temporal variation
spatial variation
natural selection
reciprocal transplant
divergence

description: Spatially and temporally varying selection can maintain genetic variation within and between populations, but it is less known how these forces influence divergence between closely related species. We identify the interaction of temporal and spatial variation in selection and their role in either reinforcing or eroding divergence between two closely related Mimulus species. Using repeated reciprocal transplant experiments with advanced generation hybrids we compare the strength of selection on quantitative traits involved in adaptation and reproductive isolation in Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus laciniatus between two years with dramatically different water availability. We found strong divergent habitat-mediated selection on traits in the direction of species differences during a drought in 2013, suggesting that spatially varying selection maintains species divergence. However, a relaxation in divergent selection on most traits in an unusually wet year (2019), including flowering time which is involved in pre-zygotic isolation, suggests that temporal variation in selection may weaken species differences. Therefore, we find evidence that temporally and spatially varying selection may have opposing roles in mediating species boundaries. Given our changing climate, future growing seasons are expected to be more similar to the dry year, suggesting that in this system climate change may actually increase species divergence.
description: R is required to open the data files.Funding provided by: Tulane University
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007875
Award Number: Ferris Start-UpFunding provided by: National Institutes of Health
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002
Award Number: R35GM138224Funding provided by: Tulane University
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007875
Award Number: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate Student Grant
title: Digitalisierung und Geschlecht
title: Die digitale Revolution hat auch den Bereich der Reproduktionsarbeit erreicht
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Notz, Gisela
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geschlecht
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Geschichte
subject: Care
subject: Alter
subject: 331 Arbeitsökonomie

description: Seit Beginn des neuen Jahrtausends ist die Diskussion um die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf Arbeits- und Lebenswelten in vollem Gange. Schon heute verändert Digitalisierung die Art und Weise, wie wir leben, arbeiten, spielen und lernen. Die meisten Unternehmen machen sich Gedanken, wie sie für die digitale Arbeitswelt weiter rüsten können. Es ist kaum vorstellbar, was in Zukunft alles machbar sein wird. Der digitale Kapitalismus betrifft alle; aber er trifft sie nicht in gleicher Weise. Gisela Notz beleuchtet die geschlechtsspezifischen Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung.
Seasonal Variability in Baffin Bay
Creators: name: Shan, Xuan
name: Spall, Michael
name: Pennelly, Clark
name: Myers, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This archive contains data and MATLAB code used to generate figures in the paper "Seasonal Variability in Baffin Bay". Original model outputs and files for the experiment used in this paper are available upon request.
(101962) Caroline Weston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Control of the nanoscale crystallinity and phase separation in polymer solar cells
Creators: name: Hou, W.-J.
name: Chu, C.-W.
name: Yang, H.
name: Li, G.
name: Huang, J.S.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy were performed on bulk heterojunction regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl esters spin-cast films with different film processing conditions to correlate the crystalline nanostructure of P3HT with the corresponding solar cell performance. The increase in long wavelength absorption for solvent annealed films is related to highly conjugated crystal structure of RR-P3HT phase-separated in the active layer. Upon thermal annealing, the solvent annealed 50-nm-thick device shows high solar cell performance with fill factor up to 73% and power conversion efficiency of 3.80%.
title: Duodenal pathology on routine MDCT scan of the abdomen: What can we really diagnose?
Creators: name: Cheong, Sook Chuei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Small bowel
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Upon reviewing the exhibit, the reader should be able to: 1. Distinguish normal from abnormal appearing duodenum on routine abdominal multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) 2. Recognize MDCT appearance of common and uncommon duodenal...
Compton scattering in terrestrial gamma-ray flashes detected with the Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, Gerard
name: Cramer, Eric
name: McBreen, Sheila
name: Briggs, Michael S.
name: Foley, Suzanne
name: Tierney, David
name: Chaplin, Vandiver L.
name: Connaughton, Valerie
name: Stanbro, Matthew
name: Xiong, Shaolin
name: Dwyer, Joseph
name: Fishman, Gerald J.
name: Roberts, Oliver J.
name: von Kienlin, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) are short intense flashes of gamma rays associated with lightning activity in thunderstorms. Using Monte Carlo simulations of the relativistic runaway electron avalanche (RREA) process, theoretical predictions for the temporal and spectral evolution of TGFs are compared to observations made with the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Assuming a single source altitude of 15 km, a comparison of simulations to data is performed for a range of empirically chosen source electron variation time scales. The data exhibit a clear softening with increased source distance, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The simulated spectra follow this trend in the data, but tend to underestimate the observed hardness. Such a discrepancy may imply that the basic RREA model is not sufficient. Alternatively, a TGF beam that is tilted with respect to the zenith could produce an evolution with source distance that is compatible with the data. Based on these results, we propose that the source electron distributions of TGFs observed by GBM vary on time scales of at least tens of microseconds, with an upper limit of approx. 100 microseconds.
Studies of mist deposition in the fabrication of blue organic light emitting diodes
Creators: name: Huang, J.S.
name: Wang, Q. K.
name: Ruzyllo, J.
name: Jiang, H.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Price, S.C.
name: Shanmugasundaram, K.
name: Li, W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In this work, the process of mist deposition is explored as a method used to deposit organic semiconductors for applications in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The deposition kinetics of a specially formulated hole transport agent is studied. The results indicate that the mist-deposited organic film thickness varies linearly with precursor concentration, deposition time and substrate potential. Depending upon process parameters, a deposition rate in the range of 50 nm min−1 is readily achievable. Evolution of surface roughness revealed distinct stages in the film formation process. The growth of secondary layers was observed before the formation of a complete initial film layer. A working OLED with the hole transport layer deposited by mist deposition was demonstrated. The luminance of the device was measured to be a maximum of 3000 cd m−2 and the efficiency was 6.7 cd A−1.
Sexualwissenschaft und rassistische Stereotype
Creators: name: Voß, Heinz-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Rassismus
subject: Sexualität
subject: Wissenschaft
subject: Gleichberechtigung
subject: Politik
subject: Intersektionalität
subject: 303 Gesellschaftliche Prozesse

description: In den letzten Jahren sind gleichstellungs- und geschlechter- und sexualpolitisch deutliche Fortschritte erkennbar: Zum Abbau von Diskriminierungen und zur Förderung von Gleichberechtigung diverser Lebens- und Liebensweisen haben der beharrliche Kampf engagierter Gruppen und die Forschung von Wissenschaftler*innen beigetragen. Zugleich sind aber in der Sexualwissenschaft auch rassistische Tendenzen zu beobachten, wie Heinz-Jürgen Voß kritisiert.
title: Impact of grid, distance and voltage to patient dose in sinus imaging
Creators: name: Kuusela, Anne
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kv imaging
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand how grid removal, changing distance and voltage affects the image quality and the patient dose when imaging sinus. The interestwas to demonstratehow learned theory matches withpractical...
Colorings, determinants and Alexander polynomials for spatial graphs
Creators: name: Kong, Terry
name: Lewald, Alec
name: Mellor, Blake
name: Pigrish, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: A {\em balanced} spatial graph has an integer weight on each edge, so that the directed sum of the weights at each vertex is zero. We describe the Alexander module and polynomial for balanced spatial graphs (originally due to Kinoshita \cite{ki}), and examine their behavior under some common operations on the graph. We use the Alexander module to define the determinant and $p$-colorings of a balanced spatial graph, and provide examples. We show that the determinant of a spatial graph determines for which $p$ the graph is $p$-colorable, and that a $p$-coloring of a graph corresponds to a representation of the fundamental group of its complement into a metacyclic group $Γ(p,m,k)$. We finish by proving some properties of the Alexander polynomial.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; version 3 reorganizes the paper, shortens some of the proofs, and improves the results related to representations in metacyclic groups. This is the final version, accepted by Journal of Knot Theory and its Ramifications
title: Die Ambivalenz der »Ökonomisierung«
title: Hochschulen aus Sicht der institutionalisierten Gleichstellungspolitik
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Andresen, Sünne
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Gleichstellungspolitik
subject: Wirtschaft
subject: Hochschule
subject: Institutionalisierung
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die heute in deutschen Hochschulen nahezu flächendeckend verankerte Gleichstellungspolitik ist das Ergebnis von Frauenbewegungskämpfen, die inzwischen mehr als 30 Jahre zurückliegen. Dass dieser Ursprung vielen gar nicht mehr bewusst ist, liegt auch daran, dass sich die Ziele und die Praxis der Gleichstellungsarbeit grundlegend verändert haben, seit Ende der 1980er Jahre die ersten Stellen für hauptberuflich arbeitende Frauen- oder Gleichstellungsbeauftragte an Hochschulen1 eingerichtet wurden. Einen Überblick über die Entwicklung bietet Sünne Andresen.