cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remarks on additivity of the Holevo channel capacity and of the entanglement of formation
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Keiji
name: Shimono, Toshiyuki
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of these notes is to discuss the relation between the additivity questions regarding the quantities (Holevo) capacity of a quantum channel T and entanglement of formation of a given bipartite state. In particular, using the Stinespring dilation theorem, we give a formula for the channel capacity involving entanglement of formation. This can be used to show that additivity of the latter for some states can be inferred from the additivity of capacity for certain channels. We demonstrate this connection for a family of group--covariant channels, allowing us to calculate the entanglement cost for many states, including some where a strictly smaller upper bound on the distillable entanglement is known. Group symmetry is used for more sophisticated analysis, giving formulas valid for a class of channels. This is presented in a general framework, extending recent findings of Vidal, Dur and Cirac (e-print quant-ph/0112131). We speculate on a general relation of superadditivity of the entanglement of formation, which would imply both the general additivity of this function under tensor products and of the Holevo capacity (with or without linear cost constraints).
description: 18 pages LaTeX, 1 eps figure. In v2 some obvious mistakes corrected and references updated. In v3 slightly more weight on group symmetry. v4 final version
Enhanced Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Environments Favors Human Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal-Like Cells for Allogeneic Cell Therapies
Creators: name: Diedrichs, Falk
name: Stolk, Meaghan
name: Jürchott, Karsten
name: Haag, Marion
name: Sittinger, Michael
name: Seifert, Martina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cardiac-derived cells
subject: immunogenicity
subject: immunomodulation
subject: inflammation
subject: IFNg
subject: IDO
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Rising numbers of patients with cardiovascular diseases and limited availability of donor hearts require new and improved therapy strategies. Human atrial appendage-derived cells (hAACs) are promising candidates for an allogeneic cell-based treatment. In this study, we evaluated their inductive and modulatory capacity regarding immune responses and underlying key mechanisms in vitro. For this, cryopreserved hAACs were either cultured in the presence of interferon-gamma (IFNγ) or left unstimulated. The expression of characteristic mesenchymal stromal cell markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD105, CD166) was revealed by flow cytometry that also highlighted a predominant negativity for CD90. A low immunogeneic phenotype in an inflammatory milieu was shown by lacking expression of co-stimulatory molecules and upregulation of the inhibitory ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, despite de novo expression of HLA-DR. Co-cultures of hAACs with allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells, proved their low immunogeneic state by absence of induced T cell proliferation and activation. Additionally, elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-33, and IL-10 were detectable in those cell culture supernatants. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory potential of hAACs was assessed in co-cultures with αCD3/αCD28-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Here, a strong inhibition of T cell proliferation and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, TNFβ, IL-17A, IL-2) were observable after pre-stimulation of hAACs with IFNγ. Transwell experiments confirmed that mostly soluble factors are responsible for these suppressive effects. We were able to identify indolamin-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) as a potential key player through a genome-wide gene expression analysis and could demonstrate its involvement in the observed immunological responses. While the application of blocking antibodies against both PD-1 ligands did not affect the immunomodulation by hAACs, 1-methyl-L-tryptophan as specific inhibitor of IDO was able to restore proliferation and to lower apoptosis of T cells. In conclusion, hAACs represent a cardiac-derived mesenchymal stromal-like cell type with a high potential for the application in an allogeneic setting, since they do not trigger T cell responses and even increase their immunomodulatory potential in inflammatory environments.
Quantum master equations for a system interacting with quantum gas in the low density limit and for the semiclassical collision model
Creators: name: Filippov, S. N.
name: Semin, G. N.
name: Pechen, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum system interacting with a dilute gas experiences irreversible dynamics. The corresponding master equation can be derived within two different approaches: The fully quantum description in the low-density limit and the semiclassical collision model, where the motion of gas particles is classical whereas their internal degrees of freedom are quantum. The two approaches have been extensively studied in the literature, but their predictions have not been compared. This is mainly due to the fact that the low-density limit is extensively studied for mathematical physics purposes, whereas the collision models have been essentially developed for quantum information tasks such as a tractable description of the open quantum dynamics. Here we develop and for the first time compare both approaches for a spin system interacting with a gas of spin particles. Using some approximations, we explicitly find the corresponding master equations including the Lamb shifts and the dissipators. The low density limit in the Born approximation for fast particles is shown to be equivalent to the semiclassical collision model in the stroboscopic approximation. We reveal that both approaches give exactly the same master equation if the gas temperature is high enough. This allows to interchangeably use complicated calculations in the low density limit and rather simple calculations in the collision model.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, published version with stronger results in the high-temperature limit
Disk Instabilities Caused the 2018 Outburst of AG Draconis
Creators: name: Richie, Helena M.
name: Wood-Vasey, W. M.
name: Coban, Lou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symbiotic binary AG~Draconis (AG~Dra) has an well-established outburst behavior based on an extensive observational history. Usually, the system undergoes a 9--15~yr period of quiescence with a constant average energy emitted, during which the system's orbital period of $\sim$550~d can be seen at shorter wavelengths (particularly in the U-band) as well as a shorter period of $\sim$355~d thought to be due to pulsations of the cool component. After a quiescent period, the marker of an active period is usually a major (cool) outburst of up to $\textrm{V}=8.4$~mag, followed by a series of minor (hot) outbursts repeating at a period of approximately 1~yr. However, in 2016 April after a 9-year period of quiescence AG~Dra exhibited unusual behavior: it began an active phase with a minor outburst followed by two more minor outbursts repeating at an interval of $\sim$1~yr. We present R-band observations of AG~Dra's 2018 April minor outburst and an analysis of the outburst mechanism and reports on the system's activity levels following the time of its next expected outburst. By considering the brightening and cooling times, the scale of the outburst, and its temperature evolution we have determined that this outburst was of disk instability nature.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
MyHCs developmental expression patterns and its effect on muscle fibre characteristics in pig
Creators: name: Guo, Xiaohong
name: Wu, Yiqi
name: Wang, Yuanyuan
name: Jia, Jingmin
name: Li, Meng
name: Hei, Wei
name: He, Zhiqiang
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Cai, Chunbo
name: Gao, Pengfei
name: Li, Bugao
name: Cao, Guoqing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study comprehensively explored muscle fibre characteristics and expression patterns of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) family in skeletal muscles of Large White and Mashen pigs exhibiting differences in muscle fibre development in postnatal muscle growth. Muscle fibre density and diameter were analysed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression patterns of MyHCI, MyHCIIa, MyHCIIx and MyHCIIb were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The muscle fibre diameter increased and density decreased gradually with aging. In individuals of the same age, the muscle fibre diameter was significantly lower and density was significantly higher in Mashen than in Large White pigs. The MyHCI expression increased, whereas that of MyHCIIa first increased and then decreased. The expression of MyHCI and MyHCIIa was significantly higher in Mashen. The expression of MyHCIIx and MyHCIIb decreased with increasing age; their expression was significantly lower in Mashen pigs. Muscle fibre diameter was negatively correlated with MyHCI expression and positively correlated with MyHCIIx and MyHCIIb expression (except the expression of MyHCI in psoas major). Muscle fibre diameter, muscle fibre density, and MyHCs expression follow certain patterns in skeletal muscles. These results provide valuable information for understanding the molecular mechanism responsible for pig growth performance and meat quality.
The Memory Controller Wall: Benchmarking the Intel FPGA SDK for OpenCL Memory Interface
Creators: name: Zohouri, Hamid Reza
name: Matsuoka, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supported by their high power efficiency and recent advancements in High Level Synthesis (HLS), FPGAs are quickly finding their way into HPC and cloud systems. Large amounts of work have been done so far on loop and area optimizations for different applications on FPGAs using HLS. However, a comprehensive analysis of the behavior and efficiency of the memory controller of FPGAs is missing in literature, which becomes even more crucial when the limited memory bandwidth of modern FPGAs compared to their GPU counterparts is taken into account. In this work, we will analyze the memory interface generated by Intel FPGA SDK for OpenCL with different configurations for input/output arrays, vector size, interleaving, kernel programming model, on-chip channels, operating frequency, padding, and multiple types of overlapped blocking. Our results point to multiple shortcomings in the memory controller of Intel FPGAs, especially with respect to memory access alignment, that can hinder the programmer's ability in maximizing memory performance in their design. For some of these cases, we will provide work-arounds to improve memory bandwidth efficiency; however, a general solution will require major changes in the memory controller itself.
description: Published at H2RC'19: Fifth International Workshop on Heterogeneous High-performance Reconfigurable Computing held in conjunction with SC'19
Megatyphlops Broadley & Wallach 2009
Creators: name: Broadley, Donald G.
name: Wallach, Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Typhlopidae
Megatyphlops

description: Key to the species of Megatyphlops in eastern and southern Africa
 1a. Rostral circular in dorsal view and not strongly projecting; short nasal suture arising from the rostral; dorsum light red-brown, pigment confined to posterior half of each scale M. anomalus
1b. Rostral unguiform, oval or cuneiform in dorsal view, strongly projecting; long nasal suture arising from first or second supralabial; dorsum lineolate, blotched, mottled or uniform black or grey-brown............................................ 2
 2a. Rostral unguiform in dorsal view; midbody scale rows usually 34–44; dorsum mottled with black or entirely black ................................................................................................................................................................. M. schlegelii
2b. Rostral oval or cuneiform in dorsal view; midbody scale rows usually 30–36; dorsum lineolate, blotched with black or uniform grey-brown...................................................................................................................................... 3
 3a. Rostral oval in dorsal view, convex in profile; rostral length/width ratio usually less than 1.25; lineolate or blotched, some large adults uniform grey-brown..................................................................................... M. mucruso
 3b. Rostral cuneiform in dorsal view, depressed in profile; rostral length/width ratio usually more than 1.25; juveniles lineolate, adults uniform grey-brown ............................................................................................................ M. brevis
description: Published as part of Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, Van, 2009, 2255, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 2255 on page 77
MOESM12 of Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency
Creators: name: Sushama Telwatte
name: Morón-López, Sara
name: Aran, Dvir
name: Kim, Peggy
name: Hsieh, Christine
name: Joshi, Sunil
name: Montano, Mauricio
name: Greene, Warner
name: Butte, Atul
name: Wong, Joseph
name: Yukl, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12: Fig. S9. Positive correlations between expression of cellular and HIV targets in J-Lat 9.2 (untreated and activated). Positive correlations between cellular and HIV targets in A non-activated J-Lat 9.2 and B activated J-Lat 9.2. R and p values are from Spearman correlations.
MutationDistiller: user-driven identification of pathogenic DNA variants
Creators: name: Hombach, Daniela
name: Schuelke, Markus
name: Knierim, Ellen
name: Ehmke, Nadja
name: Schwarz, Jana Marie
name: Fischer-Zirnsak, Björn
name: Seelow, Dominik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Whole Exome Sequencing (WES)
subject: DNA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: MutationDistiller is a freely available online tool for user-driven analyses of Whole Exome Sequencing data. It offers a user-friendly interface aimed at clinicians and researchers, who are not necessarily bioinformaticians. MutationDistiller combines Mutation- Taster’s pathogenicity predictions with a phenotypebased approach. Phenotypic information is not limited to symptoms included in the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO), but may also comprise clinical diagnoses and the suspected mode of inheritance. The search can be restricted to lists of candidate genes (e.g. virtual gene panels) and by tissue-specific gene expression. The inclusion of GeneOntology (GO) and metabolic pathways facilitates the discovery of hitherto unknown disease genes. In a novel approach, we trained MutationDistiller’s HPO-based prioritization on authentic genotype–phenotype sets obtained from ClinVar and found it to match or outcompete current prioritization tools in terms of accuracy. In the output, the program provides a list of potential disease mutations ordered by the likelihood of the affected genes to cause the phenotype. MutationDistiller provides links to gene-related information from various resources. It has been extensively tested by clinicians and their suggestions have been valued in many iterative cycles of revisions. The tool, a comprehensive documentation and examples are freely available at https://www.mutationdistiller.org/
Complex angular momentum in black hole physics and quasinormal modes
Creators: name: Décanini, Yves
name: Folacci, Antoine
name: Jensen, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the complex angular momentum approach, we prove that the quasinormal mode complex frequencies of the Schwarzschild black hole are Breit-Wigner type resonances generated by a family of surface waves propagating close to the unstable circular photon (graviton) orbit at $r=3M$. Furthermore, because each surface wave is associated with a given Regge pole of the $S$-matrix, we can construct the spectrum of the quasinormal-mode complex frequencies from Regge trajectories. The notion of surface wave orbiting around black holes thus appears as a fundamental concept which could be profitably introduced in various areas of black hole physics in connection with the complex angular momentum approach.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, revised version
Development of a Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-Based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Uncovers a Previously Unsuspected Viral Block of MHC Class I Antigen Presentation
Creators: name: Abdelaziz, Mohammed O.
name: Ossmann, Sophia
name: Kaufmann, Andreas M.
name: Leitner, Judith
name: Steinberger, Peter
name: Willimsky, Gerald
name: Raftery, Martin J.
name: Schönrich, Günther
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: therapeutic cancer vaccine
subject: glioblastoma
subject: cancer immunotherapy
subject: viral immune evasion
subject: human cytomegalovirus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induces a uniquely high frequency of virus-specific effector/memory CD8+ T-cells, a phenomenon termed “memory inflation”. Thus, HCMV-based vaccines are particularly interesting in order to stimulate a sustained and strong cellular immune response against cancer. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with high lethality and inevitable relapse. The current standard treatment does not significantly improve the desperate situation underlining the urgent need to develop novel approaches. Although HCMV is highly fastidious with regard to species and cell type, GBM cell lines are susceptible to HCMV. In order to generate HCMV-based therapeutic vaccine candidates, we deleted all HCMV-encoded proteins (immunoevasins) that interfere with MHC class I presentation. The aim being to use the viral vector as an adjuvant for presentation of endogenous tumor antigens, the presentation of high levels of vector-encoded neoantigens and finally the repurposing of bystander HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells to fight the tumor. As neoantigen, we exemplarily used the E6 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) as a non-transforming fusion protein (E6/E7) that covers all relevant antigenic peptides. Surprisingly, GBM cells infected with E6/E7-expressing HCMV-vectors failed to stimulate E6-specific T cells despite high level expression of E6/E7 protein. Further experiments revealed that MHC class I presentation of E6/E7 is impaired by the HCMV-vector although it lacks all known immunoevasins. We also generated HCMV-based vectors that express E6-derived peptide fused to HCMV proteins. GBM cells infected with these vectors efficiently stimulated E6-specific T cells. Thus, fusion of antigenic sequences to HCMV proteins is required for efficient presentation via MHC class I molecules during infection. Taken together, these results provide the preclinical basis for development of HCMV-based vaccines and also reveal a novel HCMV-encoded block of MHC class I presentation.
Pathophysiological Role of Caveolae in Hypertension
Creators: name: Lian, Xiaoming
name: Matthaeus, Claudia
name: Kaßmann, Mario
name: Daumke, Oliver
name: Gollasch, Maik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ca2+ channels
subject: caveolae
subject: endothelial nitric oxide synthase
subject: hypertension
subject: caveolin 1
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Caveolae, flask-shaped cholesterol-, and glycosphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains, contain caveolin 1, 2, 3 and several structural proteins, in particular Cavin 1-4, EHD2, pacsin2, and dynamin 2. Caveolae participate in several physiological processes like lipid uptake, mechanosensitivity, or signaling events and are involved in pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system. They serve as a specific membrane platform for a diverse set of signaling molecules like endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and further maintain vascular homeostasis. Lack of caveolins causes the complete loss of caveolae; induces vascular disorders, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired myogenic tone; and alters numerous cellular processes, which all contribute to an increased risk for hypertension. This brief review describes our current knowledge on caveolae in vasculature, with special focus on their pathophysiological role in hypertension.
Immunopathological properties of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellins and the adhesin CadF as assessed in a clinical murine infection model
Creators: name: Schmidt, Anna-Maria
name: Escher, Ulrike
name: Mousavi, Soraya
name: Tegtmeyer, Nicole
name: Boehm, Manja
name: Backert, Steffen
name: Bereswill, Stefan
name: Heimesaat, Markus M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bacterial translocation
subject: CadF
subject: Campylobacter jejuni
subject: Extra-intestinal immune responses
subject: FlaA/B
subject: Flagellin
subject: Host–pathogen-interaction
subject: IL-10−/− mice
subject: Intestinal immunopathology
subject: Pro-inflammatory immune responses
subject: Secondary abiotic (gnotobiotic) mice
subject: Systemic immune responses
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Campylobacter jejuni infections constitute serious threats to human health with increasing prevalences worldwide. Our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions is still limited. Our group has established a clinical C. jejuni infection model based on abiotic IL-10-/- mice mimicking key features of human campylobacteriosis. In order to further validate this model for unraveling pathogen-host interactions mounting in acute disease, we here surveyed the immunopathological features of the important C. jejuni virulence factors FlaA and FlaB and the major adhesin CadF (Campylobacter adhesin to fibronectin), which play a role in bacterial motility, protein secretion and adhesion, respectively. Methods and results: Therefore, abiotic IL-10-/- mice were perorally infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176 (WT) or with its isogenic flaA/B (ΔflaA/B) or cadF (ΔcadF) deletion mutants. Cultural analyses revealed that WT and ΔcadF but not ΔflaA/B bacteria stably colonized the stomach, duodenum and ileum, whereas all three strains were present in the colon at comparably high loads on day 6 post-infection. Remarkably, despite high colonic colonization densities, murine infection with the ΔflaA/B strain did not result in overt campylobacteriosis, whereas mice infected with ΔcadF or WT were suffering from acute enterocolitis at day 6 post-infection. These symptoms coincided with pronounced pro-inflammatory immune responses, not only in the intestinal tract, but also in other organs such as the liver and kidneys and were accompanied with systemic inflammatory responses as indicated by increased serum MCP-1 concentrations following C. jejuni ΔcadF or WT, but not ΔflaA/B strain infection. Conclusion: For the first time, our observations revealed that the C. jejuni flagellins A/B, but not adhesion mediated by CadF, are essential for inducing murine campylobacteriosis. Furthermore, the secondary abiotic IL-10-/- infection model has been proven suitable not only for detailed investigations of immunological aspects of campylobacteriosis, but also for differential analyses of the roles of distinct C. jejuni virulence factors in induction and progression of disease.
Quantitative CT analysis in patients with pulmonary emphysema: is lung function influenced by concomitant unspecific pulmonary fibrosis?
Creators: name: Feldhaus, Felix W.
name: Theilig, Dorothea Cornelia
name: Hubner, Ralf-Harto
name: Kuhnigk, Jan-Martin
name: Neumann, Konrad
name: Doellinger, Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: quantitative CT
subject: pulmonary fibrosis
subject: pulmonary emphysema
subject: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
subject: Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Quantitative analysis of CT scans has proven to be a reproducible technique, which might help to understand the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. The aim of this retrospective study was to find out if the lung function of patients with COPD with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages III or IV and pulmonary emphysema is measurably influenced by high attenuation areas as a correlate of concomitant unspecific fibrotic changes of lung parenchyma. Patients and methods: Eighty-eight patients with COPD GOLD stage III or IV underwent CT and pulmonary function tests. Quantitative CT analysis was performed to determine low attenuation volume (LAV) and high attenuation volume (HAV), which are considered to be equivalents of fibrotic (HAV) and emphysematous (LAV) changes of lung parenchyma. Both parameters were determined for the whole lung, as well as peripheral and central lung areas only. Multivariate regression analysis was used to correlate HAV with different parameters of lung function. Results: Unlike LAV, HAV did not show significant correlation with parameters of lung function. Even in patients with a relatively high HAVof more than 10%, in contrast to HAV (p=0.786) only LAV showed a significantly negative correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=−0.309, R2=0.096, p=0.003). A severe decrease of DLCO% was associated with both larger HAV (p=0.045) and larger LAV (p=0.001). Residual volume and FVC were not influenced by LAV or HAV. Conclusion: In patients with COPD GOLD stage III-IV, emphysematous changes of lung parenchyma seem to have such a strong influence on lung function, which is a possible effect of concomitant unspecific fibrosis is overwhelmed.
Interplay between emission wavelength and s-p splitting in MOCVD-grown InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots emitting above 1.3 μm
Creators: name: Podemski, Paweł
name: Musiał, Anna
name: Gawarecki, Krzysztof
name: Maryński, Aleksander
name: Gontar, Przemysław
name: Bercha, Artem
name: Trzeciakowski, Witold A.
name: Srocka, Nicole
name: Heuser, Tobias
name: Quandt, David
name: Strittmatter, André
name: Rodt, Sven
name: Reitzenstein, Stephan
name: Sęk, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of strain-engineered single InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots emitting in the telecommunication O band is probed experimentally by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. Observed resonances can be attributed to p-shell states of individual quantum dots. The determined energy difference between s-shell and p-shell shows an inverse dependence on the emission energy. The experimental data are compared with the results of confined states calculations, where the impact of the size and composition in the investigated structures is simulated within the 8-band $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ model. On this basis, the experimental observation is attributed mainly to changes in indium content within individual quantum dots, indicating a way of engineering and selecting a desired quantum dot, whose electronic structure is the most suitable for a given nanophotonic application.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, improved manuscript text and figures
The Bionic Radiologist: avoiding blurry pictures and providing greater insights
Creators: name: Dewey, Marc
name: Wilkens, Uta
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical imaging
subject: Society
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Radiology images and reports have long been digitalized. However, the potential of the more than 3.6 billion radiology examinations performed annually worldwide has largely gone unused in the effort to digitally transform health care. The Bionic Radiologist is a concept that combines humanity and digitalization for better health care integration of radiology. At a practical level, this concept will achieve critical goals: (1) testing decisions being made scientifically on the basis of disease probabilities and patient preferences; (2) image analysis done consistently at any time and at any site; and (3) treatment suggestions that are closely linked to imaging results and are seamlessly integrated with other information. The Bionic Radiologist will thus help avoiding missed care opportunities, will provide continuous learning in the work process, and will also allow more time for radiologists’ primary roles: interacting with patients and referring physicians. To achieve that potential, one has to cope with many implementation barriers at both the individual and institutional levels. These include: reluctance to delegate decision making, a possible decrease in image interpretation knowledge and the perception that patient safety and trust are at stake. To facilitate implementation of the Bionic Radiologist the following will be helpful: uncertainty quantifications for suggestions, shared decision making, changes in organizational culture and leadership style, maintained expertise through continuous learning systems for training, and role development of the involved experts. With the support of the Bionic Radiologist, disparities are reduced and the delivery of care is provided in a humane and personalized fashion.
VLHC Predictions for H to tau tau in Weak Boson Fusion
Creators: name: Plehn, T.
name: Su, S.
name: Zeppenfeld, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgs production in weak boson fusion with subsequent decay H to tau tau to e mu p_T_miss provides a means to measure Higgs Yukawa couplings and Higgs interactions to weak bosons. The potential precision of cross section measurements at a VLHC is investigated.
description: Contribution to Snowmass 2001
Rhinotyphlops Fitzinger. In 1843
Creators: name: Broadley, Donald G.
name: Wallach, Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Typhlopidae
Rhinotyphlops

description: Key to the species of Rhinotyphlops in southern Africa
 1a. Snout distinctly hooked in lateral profile, dorsal pattern of small dark, irregular crossbars on a ground color of pink; SIP T-II ......................................................................................................................................................... R. schinzi
1b. Snout not hooked in profile, dorsal pattern uniformly brown or grey; SIP T-X......................................................... 2
 2a. Snout obtusely angled .................................................................................................................................... R. boylei
 2b. Snout acutely pointed ................................................................................................................................. R. lalandei
description: Published as part of Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, Van, 2009, 2255, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 2255 on page 78
MOESM8 of Representation of people with comorbidity and multimorbidity in clinical trials of novel drug therapies: an individual-level participant data analysis
Creators: name: Hanlon, Peter
name: Hannigan, Laurie
name: Rodriguez-Perez, Jesus
name: Fischbacher, Colin
name: Welton, Nicky
name: Dias, Sofia
name: Mair, Frances
name: Guthrie, Bruce
name: Wild, Sarah
name: McAllister, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8. Summary-Statistics-Comparing-Ipd-Trials-To-Wider-Body-Of-Trials-From-Clinicaltrials.Gov.Pdf: Comparison of included trials with registered trials on clinicaltrials.gov for which individual participant data were not available.
On the effective theory of neutrino-electron and neutrino-quark interactions
Creators: name: Hill, Richard J.
name: Tomalak, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the four Fermi effective theory of neutrino interactions within the Standard Model including one-loop electroweak radiative corrections, in combination with the measured muon lifetime and precision electroweak data. Including two-loop matching and three-loop running corrections, we determine lepton coefficients accounting for all large logarithms through relative order $\cal{O}(αα_s)$ and quark coefficients accounting for all large logarithms through ${\cal{O}}(α)$. We present four-fermion coefficients valid in $n_f=3$ and $n_f=4$ flavor quark theories, as well as in the extreme low-energy limit. We relate the coefficients in this limit to neutrino charge radii governing matter effects via forward neutrino scattering on charged particles.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. v2: journal version; minor corrections, references are added
Shear viscosity of the A_1-phase of superfluid 3He
Creators: name: Shahzamanian, M. A.
name: Afzali, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering processes between the quasiparticles in spin- up superfluid with the quasiparticles in spin-down normal fluid are added to the other relevant scattering processes in the Boltzmann collision terms. The Boltzmann equation has been solved exactly for temperatures just below T_c_1. The shear viscosity component of the A_1- phase drops as C_1(1-T/T_c_1)^(1/2). The numerical factor C_1 is in fairly good agreement with the experiments.
Relaxation of electrons in quantum-confined states in Pb/Si(111) thin films from master equation with first-principles-derived rates
Creators: name: Kratzer, Peter
name: Zahedifar, Maedeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin films of Pb on Si(111) provide an experimentally tunable system comprising a highly structured electronic density of states. The lifetime of excited electrons in these states is limited by both electron-electron (e-e) and electron-phonon (e-ph) scattering. We employ the description by a master equation for the electronic occupation numbers to analyze the relative importance of both scattering mechanisms. The electronic and phononic band structures, as well as the matrix elements for electron-phonon coupling within deformation potential theory were obtained from density functional calculations, thus taking into account quantum confinement effects. For the relaxation dynamics, the contribution of impact ionization processes to the lifetime is estimated from the imaginary part of the electronic self-energy calculated in the GW approximation. By numerically solving rate equations for the occupations of the Pb-derived electronic states coupled to a phononic heat bath, we are able to follow the distribution of the electronic excitation energy to the various modes of Pb lattice vibrations. While e-e scattering is the dominant relaxation mechanism, we demonstrate that the e-ph scattering is highly phonon-mode-specific, with a large contribution from surface phonons. At electron energies of about 0.3 eV above the Fermi surface, a 'phonon bottleneck' characteristic of relaxation in nanostructures with well-separated electronic states is observed. The time scales extracted from the simulations are compared to data from pump-probe experiments using time-resolved two-photon photoemission.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Supplementary-Material New Evidence on the Seasonal Dynamics of Antarctic Intermediate Water and Its Role in Forming Modified Waters off Southern Patagonia
Creators: name: Linford, Pamela
name: Pérez-Santos, Iván
name: Saldías, Gonzalo
name: Mardones, Jorge
name: Valdés, Valentina
name: Castro, Leonardo
name: Narváez, Diego
name: Ruiz, Cristian
name: Leon, Roxana
name: Pamela, Barrientos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This supplementary file provides monthly climatologies of wind and hydrographic around Southern Patagonia.
Microscopic three-body force for asymmetric nuclear matter
Creators: name: Zuo, W.
name: Lejeune, A.
name: Lombardo, U.
name: Mathiot, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brueckner calculations including a microscopic three-body force have been extended to isospin asymmetric nuclear matter. The effects of the three-body force on the equation of state and on the single-particle properties of nuclear matter are discussed with a view to possible applications in nuclear physics and astrophysics. It is shown that, even in the presence of the three-body force, the empirical parabolic law of the energy per nucleon vs isospin asymmetry $β=(N-Z)/A$ is fulfilled in the whole asymmetry range $0\leβ\le 1$ up to high densities. The three-body force provides a strong enhancement of symmetry energy increasing with the density in good agreement with relativistic approaches. The Lane's assumption that proton and neutron mean fields linearly vary vs the isospin parameter is violated at high density in the presence of the three-body force. Instead the momentum dependence of the mean fields is rather insensitive to three body force which brings about a linear isospin deviation of the neutron and proton effective masses. The isospin effects on multifragmentation events and collective flows in heavy-ion collisions are briefly discussed along with the conditions for direct URCA processes to occur in the neutron-star cooling.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Strong coupling asymptotics for $δ$-interactions supported by curves with cusps
Creators: name: Flamencourt, Brice
name: Pankrashkin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $Γ\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a simple closed curve which is smooth except at the origin, at which it has a power cusp and coincides with the curve $|x_2|=x_1^p$ for some $p>1$. We study the eigenvalues of the Schrödinger operator $H_α$ with the attractive $δ$-potential of strength $α>0$ supported by $Γ$, which is defined by its quadratic form \[ H^1(\mathbb{R}^2)\ni u\mapsto \iint_{\mathbb{R}^2} |\nabla u|^2\,\mathrm{d}x-α\int_Γu^2\, \mathrm{d}s, \] where $\mathrm{d}s$ stands for the one-dimensional Hausdorff measure on $Γ$. It is shown that if $n\in\mathbb{N}$ is fixed and $α$ is large, then the well-defined $n$th eigenvalue $E_n(H_α)$ of $H_α$ behaves as \[ E_n(H_α)=-α^2 + 2^{\frac{2}{p+2}} \mathcal{E}_n \,α^{\frac{6}{p+2}} + \mathcal{O}(α^{\frac{6}{p+2}-η}), \] where the constants $\mathcal{E}_n>0$ are the eigenvalues of an explicitly given one-dimensional Schrödinger operator determined by the cusp, and $η>0$. Both main and secondary terms in this asymptotic expansion are different from what was observed previously for the cases when~$Γ$ is smooth or piecewise smooth with non-zero angles.
description: 27 pages
A balanced gated-mode photon detector for qubit discrimination in 1550 nm
Creators: name: Tomita, Akihisa
name: Nakamura, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon detector combining the two avalanche photon diodes (APD) has been demonstrated for qubit discrimination in 1550 nm. Spikes accompanied with the signals in gated-mode were canceled by balanced output from the two APDs. The spike cancellation enabled one to reduce the threshold in the discriminators, and thus the gate pulse voltage. The dark count probability and afterpulse probability were reduced to 7x10^-7 and 10^-4, respectively, without affecting the detection efficiency (11 %) at 178 K.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Optics Letters on March 12
MOESM1 of Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive diseases in China: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jinjian Fu
name: Rongsong Yi
name: Yongjiang Jiang
name: Shaolin Xu
name: Peixu Qin
name: Zhuoxin Liang
name: Jichang Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA 2009 checklist.
MOESM11 of Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency
Creators: name: Sushama Telwatte
name: Morón-López, Sara
name: Aran, Dvir
name: Kim, Peggy
name: Hsieh, Christine
name: Joshi, Sunil
name: Montano, Mauricio
name: Greene, Warner
name: Butte, Atul
name: Wong, Joseph
name: Yukl, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11: Fig. S8. False correlations driven by non-detection of cellular and HIV targets. Shown are correlations between Tat-Rev and expression of C-GAS (left panel) and HLA-DR (right panel) in U1 cells.
Knockout of MAPK Phosphatase-1 Exaggerates Type I IFN Response during Systemic Escherichia coli Infection.
Creators: name: Kirk, Sean G
name: Murphy, Parker R
name: Wang, Xiantao
name: Cash, Charles J
name: Barley, Timothy J
name: Bowman, Bridget A
name: Batty, Abel J
name: Ackerman, William
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Nelin, Leif D
name: Hafner, Markus
name: Liu, Yusen
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 320499
subject: Immunology not elsewhere classified

description: We have previously shown that Mkp-1-deficient mice produce elevated TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 following systemic Escherichia coli infection, and they exhibited increased mortality, elevated bacterial burden, and profound metabolic alterations. To understand the function of Mkp-1 during bacterial infection, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis to compare the global gene expression between E. coli-infected wild-type and Mkp-1 -/- mice. A large number of IFN-stimulated genes were more robustly expressed in E. coli-infected Mkp-1 -/- mice than in wild-type mice. Multiplex analysis of the serum cytokine levels revealed profound increases in IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α and β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-27, and GMSF levels in E. coli-infected Mkp-1 -/- mice relative to wild-type mice. Administration of a neutralizing Ab against the receptor for type I IFN to Mkp-1 -/- mice prior to E. coli infection augmented mortality and disease severity. Mkp-1 -/- bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) produced higher levels of IFN-β mRNA and protein than did wild-type BMDM upon treatment with LPS, E. coli, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, and herring sperm DNA. Augmented IFN-β induction in Mkp-1 -/- BMDM was blocked by a p38 inhibitor but not by an JNK inhibitor. Enhanced Mkp-1 expression abolished IFN-β induction by both LPS and E. coli but had little effect on the IFN-β promoter activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Mkp-1 deficiency did not have an overt effect on IRF3/7 phosphorylation or IKK activation but modestly enhanced IFN-β mRNA stability in LPS-stimulated BMDM. Our results suggest that Mkp-1 regulates IFN-β production primarily through a p38-mediated mechanism and that IFN-β plays a beneficial role in E. coli-induced sepsis.
Bianchi IX Brane-world Cosmologies
Creators: name: Hoogen, R. J. van den
name: Coley, A. A.
name: He, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shall investigate the asymptotic properties of the Bianchi type IX cosmological model in the Brane-world scenario. The matter content is assumed to be a combination of a perfect fluid and a minimimally coupled scalar field that is restricted to the Brane. A detailed qualitative analysis of the Bianchi type IX braneworld containing a scalar field having an exponential potential is undertaken. It is found that the Brane-Robertson Walker solution is a local source for the expanding Bianchi IX models, and if $k^2<2$ the expanding Bianchi IX models asymptote to the power-law inflationary solution. The only other local sink is the contracting Brane-Robertson Walker solution. An analysis of the Bianchi IX models with a scalar field with a general potential is discussed, and it is shown that in the case of expanding models, for physical scalar field potentials close to the initial singularity, the scalar field is effectively massless, and the solution is approximated by the Brane-Robertson Walker model.
description: 28 pages, RevTeX