cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weyl gauge-vector and complex dilaton scalar for conformal symmetry and its breaking
Creators: name: Ohanian, Hans C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instead of the scalar "dilaton" field that is usually adopted to construct conformally invariant Lagrangians for gravitation, we here propose a hybrid construction, involving both a complex dilaton scalar and a Weyl gauge-vector, in accord with Weyl's original concept of a non-Riemannian conformal geometry with a transport law for length and time intervals, for which this gauge vector is required. Such a hybrid construction permits us to avoid the wrong sign of the dilaton kinetic term (the ghost problem) that afflicts the usual construction. The introduction of a Weyl gauge-vector and its interaction with the dilaton also has the collateral benefit of providing an explicit mechanism for spontaneous breaking of the conformal symmetry, whereby the dilaton and the Weyl gauge-vector acquire masses somewhat smaller than m/sub/P by the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. Conformal symmetry breaking is assumed to precede inflation, which occurs later by a separate GUT or electroweak symmetry breaking, as in inflationary models based on the Higgs boson.
Association Between Hypertension and Diabetes Control and COVID‐19 Severity: National Patient‐Centered Clinical Research Network, United States, March 2020 to February 2022
Creators: name: Goodman, Alyson B.
name: Lekiachvili, Akaki
name: Block, Jason P.
name: Nagavedu, Kshema
name: Jackson, Sandra L.
name: Rolka, Deborah B.
name: Boehmer, Tegan K.
name: Denson, Joshua L.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Twentyman, Evelyn
name: Weiner, Mark G.
name: PCORnet Collaboration Authors
name: Puro, Jon
name: Thacker, Deepika
name: Paranjape, Anuradha
name: Woodruff, Rebecca C.
name: Carton, Thomas W.
name: Fearrington, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Background Hypertension and diabetes are associated with increased COVID‐19 severity. The association between level of control of these conditions and COVID‐19 severity is less well understood. Methods and Results This retrospective cohort study identified adults with COVID‐19, March 2020 to February 2022, in 43 US health systems in the National Patient‐Centered Clinical Research Network. Hypertension control was categorized as blood pressure (BP) <130/80, 130 to 139/80 to 89, 140 to 159/90 to 99, or ≥160/100 mm Hg, and diabetes control as glycated hemoglobin <7%, 7% to <9%, ≥9%. Adjusted, pooled logistic regression assessed associations between hypertension and diabetes control and severe COVID‐19 outcomes. Among 1 494 837 adults with COVID‐19, 43% had hypertension and 12% had diabetes. Among patients with hypertension, the highest baseline BP was associated with greater odds of hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.23–1.37] for BP ≥160/100 versus BP <130/80), critical care (aOR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.21–1.40]), and mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.17–1.50]) but not mortality (aOR, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.98–1.12]). Among patients with diabetes, the highest glycated hemoglobin was associated with greater odds of hospitalization (aOR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.47–1.76] for glycated hemoglobin ≥9% versus <7%), critical care (aOR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.31–1.54]), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.02–1.23]), and mortality (aOR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.09–1.27]). Black and Hispanic adults were more likely than White adults to experience severe COVID‐19 outcomes, independent of comorbidity score and control of hypertension or diabetes. Conclusions Among 1.5 million patients with COVID‐19, higher BP and glycated hemoglobin were associated with more severe COVID‐19 outcomes. Findings suggest that adults with poorest control of hypertension or diabetes might benefit from efforts to prevent and initiate early treatment of COVID‐19.
Flexible stretchable electronics for sport and wellbeing applications
Creators: name: Flowers, Jonny
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Wearable electronics are becoming increasingly widespread in modern society. Though these devices are intended to be worn, integrated into clothing and other everyday objects, the technologies and processes used to manufacture them is no different than those that manufacture laptops and mobile phones. Many of these devices are intended to monitor the user’s health, activity and general wellbeing, within clinical, recreational and assistive environments. Consequently, the inherent incompatibility of these rigid devices with the soft, elastic structure of the human body can in some cases can be uncomfortable and inconvenient for everyday life. For devices to take the step from a ‘wearable’ to an ‘invisible’, a drastic rethinking of electronics manufacturing is required.The fundamental aim of this research is to establish parameters of usefulness and an array of materials with complimentary processes that would assist in transitioning devices to long term almost invisible items that can assist in improving the health of the wearer. In order to approach this problem, a novel architecture was devised that utilised PDMS as a substrate and microfluid channels of Galinstan liquid alloy for interconnects. CO2 laser machining was investigated as a means of creating channels and vias on PDMS substrates. Trace speeds and laser power outputs were investigated in order to find an optimal combination. The results displayed upper limits for power densities; where surpassing this limit resulted in poor repeatability and surface finish. It was found that there was an optimal set of trace speeds that ranged from approximately 120mm/s to 190mm/s that resulted in the most reliable and repeatable performance. Due to the complex nature of a materials variable energy absorption properties, it is not possible to quantify a single optimal parameter set.To understand the performance of these devices in situ, finite element analysis was employed to model deformations that such a device could experience. The aims here were to investigate the bond strength required to prevent delamination, between the silicon-PDMS and PDMS-PDMS bonds, in addition to the stress applied to the silicone die during these deformations. Based upon the applied loads the required bond strengths would need to be at least ~65kPa to maintain PDMS-PDMS adhesion during these tests, while stress on the silicone-PDMS adhesion required an expected v higher ~160kPa, both of which are within the reach of existing bonding techniques that are capable of withstanding a pressure of ~600kPa before failure occurs. Stress on the silicon die did not exceed ~7.8 MPa during simulation, which is well below the fracture stress.By developing knowledge about how various components of such a system will respond during use and under stress, it allows future engineers to make informed design decisions and develop better more resilient products.
Candidate composite biomarker to inform drug treatments for diabetic kidney disease
Creators: name: Abebe, Seyum
name: Slanzi, Debora
name: Poli, Irene
name: Mayer, Gert
name: Jones, Roger D.
name: Silvestri, Claudio
name: Distefano, Veronica
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: IntroductionCurrent guidelines recommend renin angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) as key components of treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Additional options include sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1a), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MCRa). The identification of the optimum drug combination for an individual is difficult because of the inter-, and longitudinal intra-individual heterogeneity of response to therapy.ResultsUsing data from a large observational study (PROVALID), we identified a set of parameters that can be combined into a meaningful composite biomarker that appears to be able to identify which of the various treatment options is clinically beneficial for an individual. It uses machine-earning techniques to estimate under what conditions a treatment of RASi plus an additional treatment is different from the treatment with RASi alone. The measure of difference is the annual percent change (ΔeGFR) in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (ΔeGFR). The 1eGFR is estimated for both the RASi-alone treatment and the add-on treatment.DiscussionHigher estimated increase of eGFR for add-on patients compared with RASi-alone patients indicates that prognosis may be improved with the add-on treatment. The personalized biomarker value thus identifies which patients may benefit from the additional treatment.
Additional file 1 of Does MIDAS reduction at 3 months predict the outcome of erenumab treatment? A real-world, open-label trial
Creators: name: De Icco, Roberto
name: Vaghi, Gloria
name: Allena, Marta
name: Ghiotto, Natascia
name: Guaschino, Elena
name: Martinelli, Daniele
name: Ahmad, Lara
name: Corrado, Michele
name: Bighiani, Federico
name: Tanganelli, Federica
name: Bottiroli, Sara
name: Cammarota, Francescantonio
name: Sances, Grazia
name: Tassorelli, Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Drop-outs and adverse event reporting. Supplementary Table 2. Monthly headache days, monthly migraine days and days of acute drug intake according to MIDAS and monthly migraine days (MMDs) response at T3. Supplementary Table 3. Patients’ reported outcomes according to MIDAS and monthly migraine days (MMDs) response at T3.
Cost-benefit analysis of alternative tax policies on sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico
Creators: name: Hernandez J.C.S.
name: Ng S.W.
name: Trogdon J.G.
name: Stearns S.C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: In 2014, Mexico implemented a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) equivalent to one Mexican peso (MP) per liter to address the high obesity prevalence. This tax has effectively reduced SSB purchases and yielded healthcare savings; however, it remains unknown whether SSB taxes lead to net benefits at the societal level in Mexico. Moreover, public health experts recommend increasing the tax. The objective of this study is to estimate the net benefits of SSB taxes compared to a scenario of no tax in urban Mexico. Taxes include the one-MP tax and alternative higher taxes (two and three MP per SSB liter). Thus, we conducted a cost-benefit analysis from the perspective of the government, producers, and consumers for a simulated closed cohort of adults in a life-table model. We defined net benefits as the difference between economic benefits (the value of statistical life, healthcare savings, and tax revenue) and costs (consumer surplus and profit losses). We found that, at the societal level, all simulated taxes will eventually generate benefits that surpass costs within ten years. Overall net benefits can reach USD 7.1 billion and 15.3 billion for the one-MP and the three-MP tax, respectively. Hence, these benefits increased at a declining rate compared to taxes. The government and consumers will experience overall positive net benefits among society's members. Policymakers should consider time horizons and tradeoffs between health gains and economic outcomes across different society members.
Supplementary document for Tri-zone flame spatial structure imaging combined with endogenic polarized scattering - 6103557.pdf
Creators: name: Huang, Liyuan
name: Liu, Biwang
name: Lin, Zhekai
name: Zhong, Junping
name: Han, Dingan
name: Ding, Wenzheng
name: Yaguang, Zeng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20501 Classical and Physical Optics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Revised supplemental document
Crowd-sourced investigation of a potential relationship between Bartonella-associated cutaneous lesions and neuropsychiatric symptoms
Creators: name: Frohlich, Flavio
name: Stewart, Zachary
name: Korsapathy, Sanvi
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Preliminary studies suggest that infection with Bartonella bacteria can not only cause a characteristic rash, headache, fever, and fatigue but also neuropsychiatric symptoms. To date, this association has only been reported in case studies, and it remains unclear if this association generalizes to larger samples. Methods We used Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to crowdsource a large sample (N = 996) of individuals to ascertain the extent to which the presence of participant-identified Bartonella-associated cutaneous lesions (BACL) was associated with self-reported measures of anxiety, depression, and schizotypy. Participants were asked to select images of cutaneous lesions they had seen on their own bodies and complete a battery of self-report questionnaires to assess psychiatric symptoms. Participants were not informed that the focus of the study was on potential dermatological lesions associated with Bartonella. Point-biserial correlations were used to determine the potential relationship between selecting a BACL image and the severity of self-reported psychiatric symptoms. Results Scores of anxiety, depression, and schizotypy were positively and significantly correlated with selecting a BACL image. Furthermore, self-report scores of 10 or higher on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9, which represent the suggested clinical cutoffs for meeting criteria for a depressive or anxiety-related disorder, were also significantly associated with selecting a BACL image. Non-Bartonella-associated cutaneous legions were also significantly associated with self-reported measures of psychiatric symptoms. Discussion The current study broadens the link between the presence of BACL and the presence of psychiatric symptoms of anxiety, depression, and schizotypy and extends a potential relationship beyond the small sample sizes of previous case studies and case series. Further investigation is recommended to address limitations and expand on these findings.
Maximum Entropy Kernels for System Identification
Creators: name: Carli, Francesca Paola
name: Chen, Tianshi
name: Ljung, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new nonparametric approach for system identification has been recently proposed where the impulse response is modeled as the realization of a zero-mean Gaussian process whose covariance (kernel) has to be estimated from data. In this scheme, quality of the estimates crucially depends on the parametrization of the covariance of the Gaussian process. A family of kernels that have been shown to be particularly effective in the system identification framework is the family of Diagonal/Correlated (DC) kernels. Maximum entropy properties of a related family of kernels, the Tuned/Correlated (TC) kernels, have been recently pointed out in the literature. In this paper we show that maximum entropy properties indeed extend to the whole family of DC kernels. The maximum entropy interpretation can be exploited in conjunction with results on matrix completion problems in the graphical models literature to shed light on the structure of the DC kernel. In particular, we prove that the DC kernel admits a closed-form factorization, inverse and determinant. These results can be exploited both to improve the numerical stability and to reduce the computational complexity associated with the computation of the DC estimator.
description: Extends results of 2014 IEEE MSC Conference Proceedings (arXiv:1406.5706)
title: Making sense of the feedback experience: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analytic study exploring the lived experience of student mental health nurses receiving written feedback on their written assessments.
Creators: name: Traill, Sarah Louise
Publisher: name: University of Central Lancashire
Year: 2024

description: The aim of providing students with written assessment feedback is to support future development (Carless & Boud 2018; Hattie & Timperley 2007; Pitt & Quinlan 2022; Winstone & Nash 2016). Feedback itself has been identified as having one of the most powerful effects on student learning and development (Hattie & Timperley 2007; Wisniewski, et al 2019). Furthermore, feedback is essential for professional nursing practice, which requires engagement with, and skilled provision of feedback for both patient care and professional development (Nursing Midwifery Council 2018). Feedback is a common source of students’ dissatisfaction and thus detrimentally affects their rating on published measures such as the National Student Survey and Teaching Excellence Framework. This in turn negatively impacts the university position on national league tables of performance, which can threaten their economic security (Winstone & Carless 2021; Winstone et al 2021). In an attempt to enhance students’ satisfaction and league table position, Higher Education institutions have focused their efforts on consistency and standardisation of assessment feedback practices, yet satisfaction and engagement with assessment feedback remains poor (Winstone et al 2021).

This research explores phenomena from the student perspective, using IPA (Smith, et al 2022) to draw out personal and group experiential themes that capture how second year mental health nursing students make sense of their feedback experience. This thesis considers feedback from an interconnected perspective, exploring the students understanding of themselves and their position in the world of education, and is underpinned by a synthesis of critical realist and hermeneutic phenomenological ontology.

The research identified two key conceptual themes of educational baggage and the mediating influence of relationships that influence students’ fundamental engagement with their academic feedback experiences. The research reveals the ontological significance of feedback for students and provides conceptual clarity that may help develop feedback
literacy. Rather than approaches which game the NSS and TEF metrics, this research highlights the importance of authentic learner centred approaches to assessment feedback. The resulting principles of practice and recommendations offer potential strategies for effective learner centred and emancipatory feedback practice which extend beyond the formal assessment episode.
New braneworld models in the presence of auxiliary fields
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Marques, M. A.
name: Menezes, R.
name: Moreira, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study braneworld models in the presence of auxiliary fields. We use the first-order framework to investigate several distinct possibilities, where the standard braneworld scenario changes under the presence of the parameter that controls the auxiliary fields introduced to modify Einstein's equation. The results add to previous ones, to show that the minimal modification that we investigate contributes to change quantitatively the thick braneworld profile, although no new qualitative effect is capable of being induced by the minimal modification here considered.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures; version to appear in Annals of Physics
Additional file 1 of A cross-country comparison of Covid-19 containment measures and their effects on the epidemic curves
Creators: name: Cascini, Fidelia
name: Failla, Giovanna
name: Gobbi, Cecilia
name: Pallini, Elena
name: Hui, Jin
name: Luxi, Wang
name: Villani, Leonardo
name: Quentin, Wilm
name: Boccia, Stefania
name: Ricciardi, Walter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Structure Activity Relationship Analysis and Development
Creators: name: Janet Smith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: SARs has long been used to design chemicals with commercially desirable properties with expected pharmacologic and therapeutic activities. Moreover, computer-based modeling methods, as well as AI-driven approaches relating chemical structure to qualitative biological activity and quantitative biological potency have been widely applied in diverse problem settings. CD ComputaBio provides intelligent services of structure activity relationship analysis and development for our clients in different stage of drug discovery, especially for screening large numbers of chemicals and decision making during chemical optimization.
Channel Estimation for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO with Hybrid Precoding over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels
Creators: name: Gao, Zhen
name: Dai, Linglong
name: Hu, Chen
name: Wang, Zhaocheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Channel estimation for millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO with hybrid precoding is challenging, since the number of radio frequency (RF) chains is usually much smaller than that of antennas. To date, several channel estimation schemes have been proposed for mmWave massive MIMO over narrow-band channels, while practical mmWave channels exhibit the frequency-selective fading (FSF). To this end, this letter proposes a multi-user uplink channel estimation scheme for mmWave massive MIMO over FSF channels. Specifically, by exploiting the angle-domain structured sparsity of mmWave FSF channels, a distributed compressive sensing (DCS)-based channel estimation scheme is proposed. Moreover, by using the grid matching pursuit strategy with adaptive measurement matrix, the proposed algorithm can solve the power leakage problem caused by the continuous angles of arrival or departure (AoA/AoD). Simulation results verify that the good performance of the proposed solution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Zhen Gao, Chen Hu, Linglong Dai and Zhaocheng Wang, "Channel estimation for millimeter-wave massive MIMO with hybrid precoding over frequency-selective fading channels," IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1259-1262, June 2016
Supplementary document for Layer-dependent excitonic valley polarization properties in MoS2-WS2 heterostructures - 6099426.pdf
Creators: name: Li, Shaofei
name: Zheng, Haihong
name: Wu, Biao
name: Ding, Junnan
name: He, jun
name: Zongwen, Liu
name: Liu, Yanping
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Development of a research mentorship guide and consensus statement for low- and middle-income countries: Results of a modified Delphi process
Creators: name: Fongwen, Noah
name: Abdissa, Alemseged
name: Steiner, Annabel
name: Kpokiri, Eneyi E.
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
name: Kaba, Mirgissa
name: Kennedy, Fiona
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Background Institutional research mentorship is a form of mentorship whereby institutions foster mentor-mentee relationships. Research mentorship improves research effectiveness and supports relationships. However, resources are needed in order to institutionalize research mentorship tailored to low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). The aim of this study was to develop a consensus document on institutionalizing research mentorship through a modified Delphi process as part of the practical guide development process. Methods This study used a two-round modified Delphi process, which is an iterative, structured approach of consensus decision making. Each participant was asked about a series of items related to research mentorship using Likert scale questions. Agreement for each item was pre-defined as ≥80% of participants rating the item as “agree” or “strongly agree.” The items that reached agreement, were then discussed during round two at an in-person conference in Ethiopia. A separate group of individuals only participated virtually. For the final consensus survey, response rates and commenting rates (participants who wrote two or more comments) were compared among conference and non-conference participants. Results The Delphi process led to the inception of three main themes in terms of developing research mentorship: leveraging existing resources, measuring and evaluating institutional mentorship, and encouraging a research mentorship life cycle. During the virtual first round, 59% (36/61) participants who were emailed completed the survey. In the second round, conference participants had a response rate of 79% (11/14) compared to non-conference participants with a response rate of 45% (21/47). Conference participants had a 100% (11/11) commenting rate whereas non-conference participants had a 38% (8/21) commenting rate. This study achieved consensus in both survey rounds for all 35 items on the consensus document. Conclusions The data suggest that an in-person conference may increase participant engagement. The consensus developed through a modified Delphi method directly informed a practical guide on institutionalizing research mentorship in LMICs.
Rheotaxis of spherical active particles near a planar wall
Creators: name: Uspal, W. E.
name: Popescu, M. N.
name: Dietrich, S.
name: Tasinkevych, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For active particles the interplay between the self-generated hydrodynamic flow and an external shear flow, especially near bounding surfaces, can result in a rich behavior of the particles not easily foreseen from the consideration of the active and external driving mechanisms in isolation. For instance, under certain conditions, the particles exhibit "rheotaxis," i.e., they align their direction of motion with the plane of shear spanned by the direction of the flow and the normal of the bounding surface and move with or against the flow. To date, studies of rheotaxis have focused on elongated particles (e.g., spermatozoa), for which rheotaxis can be understood intuitively in terms of a "weather vane" mechanism. Here we investigate the possibility that spherical active particles, for which the "weather vane" mechanism is excluded due to the symmetry of the shape, may nevertheless exhibit rheotaxis. Combining analytical and numerical calculations, we show that, for a broad class of spherical active particles, rheotactic behavior may emerge via a mechanism which involves "self-trapping" near a hard wall owing to the active propulsion of the particles, combined with their rotation, alignment, and "locking" of the direction of motion into the shear plane. In this state, the particles move solely up- or downstream at a steady height and orientation.
Teaching adolescents about changing bodies: Randomized controlled trial of an Internet puberty education and body dissatisfaction prevention program
Creators: name: Ainscough, Jessica
name: Franko, Debra L.
name: Rancourt, Diana
name: Cousineau, Tara M.
name: Chaudhuri, Anamika
name: Trant, Meredith
name: Brevard, Julie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study tested the efficacy of an Internet-based prevention program, Trouble on the Tightrope: In Search of Skateboard Sam, on pubertal knowledge, body esteem, and self-esteem. One hundred ninety participants (mean age 11.6 years) were randomized to either an intervention or attention placebo control condition and were assessed at baseline, after 3 Internet-based sessions, and at 3-month follow-up. Although the primary hypotheses were not supported, exploratory moderator analyses indicated that the intervention was beneficial for select students. Specifically, pubertal status moderated the effects on weight-related body esteem and several domains of self-esteem, resulting in positive effects for participants in the intervention group who had begun puberty. Gender differences were found on self-esteem subscales, indicating more robust effects for girls than boys. Tailored Internet programs based on personal characteristics such as gender and pubertal status may be a fruitful area for future research with adolescents.
Editorial: Global excellence in inflammation pharmacology
Creators: name: Saha, Sukanya
name: Ghosh, Shatadal
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: In our day-to-day life, acute inflammation occurs commonly as a part of the body’s regular healing process post an injury or infection and is usually short term in nature. The problem arises when this inflammation becomes chronic, due to the failure in resolving itself, leading to a spectrum of diseases which explicitly contributes to more than 50% of worldwide mortality (GBD, 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators, 2018; Furman et al., 2019) Thus, prolonged inflammation is emerging as a serious threat to the global population and socioeconomic sustainability. Advancements in effective anti-inflammatory therapies have been significantly evolving, but challenges persist (Netea et al., 2017). Hence, scientists globally or in global alliance, with varied scientific perspectives, are actively working on finding out pharmacological interventions against inflammation associated pathogenesis and diseases. A major part of the research is also focused on scientific advancements of evolving therapeutic strategies by identifying the central signaling molecules or cascades involved in the onset and progression of chronic inflammation. This special edition Research Topic Global Excellence in Inflammation Pharmacology aims in emphasizing on the recent progress made in these fields, highlighting the diversified research performed across the entire breadth of Inflammation Pharmacology and providing insights to it. This Research Topic comprises of four extensive literature reviews discussing the potential pharmacological interventions and their allied risk in inflammation associated diseases.
Historical and Present Day Practices of Forensic Medicine in Palestine: Body, society and Science
Creators: name: Daher-Nashif, Suhad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220205 History and Philosophy of Medicine
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: The paper tracks the historical developments and practices of forensic medicine within the Palestinian society, along its different historical eras.
Fast, simple and accurate handwritten digit classification by training shallow neural network classifiers with the 'extreme learning machine' algorithm
Creators: name: McDonnell, Mark D.
name: Tissera, Migel D.
name: Vladusich, Tony
name: van Schaik, André
name: Tapson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in training deep (multi-layer) architectures have inspired a renaissance in neural network use. For example, deep convolutional networks are becoming the default option for difficult tasks on large datasets, such as image and speech recognition. However, here we show that error rates below 1% on the MNIST handwritten digit benchmark can be replicated with shallow non-convolutional neural networks. This is achieved by training such networks using the 'Extreme Learning Machine' (ELM) approach, which also enables a very rapid training time (~10 minutes). Adding distortions, as is common practise for MNIST, reduces error rates even further. Our methods are also shown to be capable of achieving less than 5.5% error rates on the NORB image database. To achieve these results, we introduce several enhancements to the standard ELM algorithm, which individually and in combination can significantly improve performance. The main innovation is to ensure each hidden-unit operates only on a randomly sized and positioned patch of each image. This form of random `receptive field' sampling of the input ensures the input weight matrix is sparse, with about 90% of weights equal to zero. Furthermore, combining our methods with a small number of iterations of a single-batch backpropagation method can significantly reduce the number of hidden-units required to achieve a particular performance. Our close to state-of-the-art results for MNIST and NORB suggest that the ease of use and accuracy of the ELM algorithm for designing a single-hidden-layer neural network classifier should cause it to be given greater consideration either as a standalone method for simpler problems, or as the final classification stage in deep neural networks applied to more difficult problems.
description: Accepted for publication; 9 pages of text, 6 figures and 1 table
Spatially Common Sparsity Based Adaptive Channel Estimation and Feedback for FDD Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Gao, Zhen
name: Dai, Linglong
name: Wang, Zhaocheng
name: Chen, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a spatially common sparsity based adaptive channel estimation and feedback scheme for frequency division duplex based massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, which adapts training overhead and pilot design to reliably estimate and feed back the downlink channel state information (CSI) with significantly reduced overhead. Specifically, a non-orthogonal downlink pilot design is first proposed, which is very different from standard orthogonal pilots. By exploiting the spatially common sparsity of massive MIMO channels, a compressive sensing (CS) based adaptive CSI acquisition scheme is proposed, where the consumed time slot overhead only adaptively depends on the sparsity level of the channels. Additionally, a distributed sparsity adaptive matching pursuit algorithm is proposed to jointly estimate the channels of multiple subcarriers. Furthermore, by exploiting the temporal channel correlation, a closed-loop channel tracking scheme is provided, which adaptively designs the non-orthogonal pilot according to the previous channel estimation to achieve an enhanced CSI acquisition. Finally, we generalize the results of the multiple-measurement-vectors case in CS and derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound of the proposed scheme, which enlightens us to design the non-orthogonal pilot signals for the improved performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms its counterparts, and it is capable of approaching the performance bound.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures. Zhen Gao, Linglong Dai, Zhaocheng Wang, and Sheng Chen, "Spatially common sparsity based adaptive channel estimation and feedback for FDD massive MIMO," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 63, no. 23, pp. 6169-6183, Dec. 2015
The syzygies of some thickenings of determinantal varieties
Creators: name: Raicu, Claudiu
name: Weyman, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02, 14M12, 17B10

description: The vector space of m x n complex matrices (m >= n) admits a natural action of the group GL = GL_m x GL_n via row and column operations. For positive integers a,b, we consider the ideal I_{a x b} defined as the smallest GL-equivariant ideal containing the b-th powers of the a x a minors of the generic m x n matrix. We compute the syzygies of the ideals I_{a x b} for all a,b, together with their GL-equivariant structure, generalizing earlier results of Lascoux for the ideals of minors (b=1), and of Akin-Buchsbaum-Weyman for the powers of the ideals of maximal minors (a=n). Our methods rely on a nice connection between commutative algebra and the representation theory of the superalgebra gl(m|n), as well as on our previous calculation of Ext modules done in the context of describing local cohomology with determinantal support. Our results constitute an important ingredient in the proof by Nagpal-Sam-Snowden of the first non-trivial Noetherianity results for twisted commutative algebras which are not generated in degree one.
description: Minor edits, references added
Diurnal cortisol features with type 2 diabetes in patients with hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study.Supplementary Tables
Creators: name: Gan, Lin
name: Li, Nanfang
name: Heizhati, Mulalibieke
name: Li, Mei
name: Yao, Ling
name: Hong, Jing
name: Wu, Ting
name: Wang, Hui
name: Liu, Miaomiao
name: Maitituersun, Adalaiti
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endocrinology

description: Table S1. Sensitivity analysis excluding subjects with incident T2DM≤1 year (n=11). Table S2. Sensitivity analysis excluding subjects with prediabetes at baseline (n=204).
Bandakia gangetica Panesar 2004
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Anisitsiellidae
Bandakia
Bandakia gangetica

description: Bandakia gangetica Panesar, 2004
Records from the study area: Himachal Pradesh—Panesar (2004).
Habitat: Mosses of a carbonate-rich waterfall.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Additional file 1 of De novo annotation of lncRNA HOTAIR transcripts by long-read RNA capture-seq reveals a differentiation-driven isoform switch
Creators: name: Potolitsyna, Evdokiia
name: Hazell Pickering, Sarah
name: Tooming-Klunderud, Ave
name: Collas, Philippe
name: Briand, Nolwenn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Validation of adipogenic differentiation efficiency. Figure S2. Genome browser view of reference HOTAIR transcripts for SQANTI characterization. Figure S3. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR replicates.
Retinal microvascular abnormalities and subclinical magnetic resonance imaging brain infarct: a prospective study
Creators: name: Catellier, Diane
name: Shibata, Dean K.
name: Klein, Ronald
name: Knopman, David S.
name: Mosley, Thomas
name: Coker, Laura H.
name: Kawasaki, Ryo
name: Islam, Amirul
name: Cheung, Ning
name: Wong, Tien Y.
name: Sharrett, A. Richey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Silent brain infarct and white matter lesions are common radiological findings associated with the risk of clinical stroke and dementia; however, our understanding of their underlying pathophysiology and risk factors remains limited. This study aimed to determine whether assessment of retinal microvascular abnormalities could provide prognostic information regarding the risk of brain infarct and white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. This study is based on a subset of 810 middle-aged persons without clinical stroke or baseline magnetic resonance imaging infarct enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study, a prospective, population-based study. Participants had a baseline magnetic resonance imaging brain examination and retinal photography in 1993–1995, and returned for a repeat magnetic resonance imaging examination in 2004–2006. Magnetic resonance images were graded for presence of any cerebral infarct, infarct with lacunar characteristics and white matter lesions according to standardized protocols. Retinal photographs were graded for presence of retinopathy lesions and retinal arteriolar abnormalities following a standardized protocol. Over a median follow-up of 10.5 years, 164 (20.2%) participants developed cerebral infarct, 131 (16.2%) developed lacunar infarct, 182 (24.2%) developed new white matter lesions and 49 (6.1%) had evidence of white matter lesion progression. After adjusting for age, gender, race, cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness, retinopathy was associated with incident cerebral infarct (odds ratio 2.82; 95% confidence interval 1.42–5.60) and lacunar infarct (odds ratio 3.19; 95% confidence interval: 1.56–6.50). Retinal arteriovenous nicking was associated with incident cerebral infarct (odds ratio 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.66–4.76), lacunar infarct (odds ratio 2.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.39–4.40) and white matter lesion incidence (odds ratio 2.12; 95% confidence interval: 1.18–3.81) and progression (odds ratio 2.22; 95% confidence interval: 1.00–5.88). In conclusion, retinal microvascular abnormalities are associated with emergence of subclinical magnetic resonance imaging brain infarcts and white matter lesions, independent of shared risk factors. Retinal vascular imaging may offer a non-invasive tool to investigate the pathogenesis and natural history of cerebral small-vessel disease.
Loop expansion around the Bethe approximation through the $M$-layer construction
Creators: name: Altieri, Ada
name: Angelini, Maria Chiara
name: Lucibello, Carlo
name: Parisi, Giorgio
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
name: Rizzo, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For every physical model defined on a generic graph or factor graph, the Bethe $M$-layer construction allows building a different model for which the Bethe approximation is exact in the large $M$ limit and it coincides with the original model for $M=1$. The $1/M$ perturbative series is then expressed by a diagrammatic loop expansion in terms of so-called fat-diagrams. Our motivation is to study some important second-order phase transitions that do exist on the Bethe lattice but are either qualitatively different or absent in the corresponding fully connected case. In this case the standard approach based on a perturbative expansion around the naive mean field theory (essentially a fully connected model) fails. On physical grounds, we expect that when the construction is applied to a lattice in finite dimension there is a small region of the external parameters close to the Bethe critical point where strong deviations from mean-field behavior will be observed. In this region, the $1/M$ expansion for the corrections diverges and it can be the starting point for determining the correct non-mean-field critical exponents using renormalization group arguments. In the end, we will show that the critical series for the generic observable can be expressed as a sum of Feynman diagrams with the same numerical prefactors of field theories. However, the contribution of a given diagram is not evaluated associating Gaussian propagators to its lines as in field theories: one has to consider the graph as a portion of the original lattice, replacing the internal lines with appropriate one-dimensional chains, and attaching to the internal points the appropriate number of infinite-size Bethe trees to restore the correct local connectivity of the original model.
Function spaces and classifying spaces of algebras over a prop
Creators: name: Yalin, Sinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G55, 18D50, 18D10, 55U10

description: The goal of this paper is to prove that the classifying spaces of categories of algebras governed by a prop can be determined by using function spaces on the category of props. We first consider a function space of props to define the moduli space of algebra structures over this prop on an object of the base category. Then we mainly prove that this moduli space is the homotopy fiber of a forgetful map of classifying spaces, generalizing to the prop setting a theorem of Rezk. The crux of our proof lies in the construction of certain universal diagrams in categories of algebras over a prop. We introduce a general method to carry out such constructions in a functorial way.
description: 28 pages, modifications mainly in section 2 (more details in some proofs and additional explanations), typo corrections. Final version, to appear in Algebr. Geom. Topol
Direct Detection Constraints on Dark Photon Dark Matter
Creators: name: An, Haipeng
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Pradler, Josef
name: Ritz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter detectors built primarily to probe elastic scattering of WIMPs on nuclei are also precise probes of light, weakly coupled particles that may be absorbed by the detector material. In this paper, we derive constraints on the minimal model of dark matter comprised of long-lived vector states V (dark photons) in the 0.01-100 keV mass range. The absence of an ionization signal in direct detection experiments such as XENON10 and XENON100 places a very strong constraint on the dark photon mixing angle, down to $O(10^{-15})$, assuming that dark photons comprise the dominant fraction of dark matter. This sensitivity to dark photon dark matter exceeds the indirect bounds derived from stellar energy loss considerations over a significant fraction of the available mass range. We also revisit indirect constraints from $V\to 3γ$ decay and show that limits from modifications to the cosmological ionization history are comparable to the updated limits from the diffuse gamma-ray flux.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; numerical bug in J-factor corrected; main results unchanged
Impact of a complex singlet: From dark matter to baryogenesis
Creators: name: Jiang, Minyuan
name: Bian, Ligong
name: Huang, Weicong
name: Shu, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the assistance of a complex singlet, and an effective operator involving CP violations, the dark matter relic abundance and baryon asymmetry of the universe have been addressed simul- taneously. We studied the electroweak baryogenesis mechanism systematically. The electroweak phase transition analysis indicates that the strong first order phase transition takes place by one- step or two-step type due to the dynamics of the energy gap between the electroweak vacuum and the vacuum of the complex singlet. The relation between the magnitude of baryon asymmetry of the universe and the phase transition type and strength has been explored in the framework of electroweak baryogenesis.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, version to appear in PRD