ACRIDICON–CHUVA Campaign: Studying Tropical Deep Convective Clouds and Precipitation over Amazonia Using the New German Research Aircraft HALO
Creators: name: Wendisch, Manfred
name: Pöschl, Ulrich
name: Andreae, Meinrat O.
name: Machado, Luiz A. T.
name: Albrecht, Rachel
name: Schlager, Hans
name: Rosenfeld, Daniel
name: Martin, Scot T.
name: Abdelmonem, Ahmed
name: Afchine, Armin
name: Araùjo, Alessandro C.
name: Artaxo, Paulo
name: Aufmhoff, Heinfried
name: Barbosa, H. M. J.
name: Borrmann, Stephan
name: Braga, Ramon
name: Buchholz, Bernhard
name: Cecchini, Micael Amore
name: Costa, Anja
name: Curtius, Joachim
name: Dollner, Maximilian
name: Dorf, Marcel
name: Dreiling, Volker
name: Ebert, Volker
name: Ehrlich, André
name: Ewald, Florian
name: Fisch, Gilberto
name: Fix, Andreas
name: Frank, Fabian
name: Fütterer, Daniel
name: Heckl, Christopher
name: Heidelberg, Fabian
name: Hüneke, Tilman
name: Jäkel, Evelyn
name: Järvinen, Emma
name: Jurkat, Tina
name: Kanter, Sandra
name: Kästner, Udo
name: Kenntner, Mareike
name: Kesselmeier, Jürgen
name: Klimach, Thomas
name: Knecht, Matthias
name: Kohl, Rebecca
name: Kölling, Tobias
name: Krämer, Martina
name: Krüger, Mira
name: Krisna, Trismono Candra
name: Lavric, Jost V.
name: Longo, Karla
name: Mahnke, Christoph
name: Manzi, Antonio O.
name: Mayer, Bernhard
name: Mertes, Stephan
name: Minikin, Andreas
name: Molleker, Sergej
name: Münch, Steffen
name: Nillius, Björn
name: Pfeilsticker, Klaus
name: Pöhlker, Christopher
name: Roiger, Anke
name: Rose, Diana
name: Rosenow, Dagmar
name: Sauer, Daniel
name: Schnaiter, Martin
name: Schneider, Johannes
name: Schulz, Christiane
name: Souza, Rodrigo A. F. De
name: Spanu, Antonio
name: Stock, Paul
name: Vila, Daniel
name: Voigt, Christiane
name: Walser, Adrian
name: Walter, David
name: Weigel, Ralf
name: Weinzierl, Bernadett
name: Werner, Frank
name: Yamasoe, Marcia A.
name: Ziereis, Helmut
name: Zinner, Tobias
name: Zöger, Martin
Publisher: name: AMS
Year: 2016

description: Between 1 September and 4 October 2014, a combined airborne and ground-based measurement campaign was conducted to study tropical deep convective clouds over the Brazilian Amazon rain forest. The new German research aircraft, High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO), a modified Gulfstream G550, and extensive ground-based instrumentation were deployed in and near Manaus (State of Amazonas). The campaign was part of the German–Brazilian Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems–Cloud Processes of the Main Precipitation Systems in Brazil: A Contribution to Cloud Resolving Modeling and to the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) (ACRIDICON– CHUVA) venture to quantify aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions and their thermodynamic, dynamic, and radiative effects by in situ and remote sensing measurements over Amazonia. The ACRIDICON–CHUVA field observations were carried out in cooperation with the second intensive operating period of Green Ocean Amazon 2014/15 (GoAmazon2014/5). In this paper we focus on the airborne data measured on HALO, which was equipped with about 30 in situ and remote sensing instruments for meteorological, trace gas, aerosol, cloud, precipitation, and spectral solar radiation measurements. Fourteen research flights with a total duration of 96 flight hours were performed. Five scientific topics were pursued: 1) cloud vertical evolution and life cycle (cloud profiling), 2) cloud processing of aerosol particles and trace gases (inflow and outflow), 3) satellite and radar validation (cloud products), 4) vertical transport and mixing (tracer experiment), and 5) cloud formation over forested/deforested areas. Data were collected in near-pristine atmospheric conditions and in environments polluted by biomass burning and urban emissions. The paper presents a general introduction of the ACRIDICON– CHUVA campaign (motivation and addressed research topics) and of HALO with its extensive instrument package, as well as a presentation of a few selected measurement results acquired during the flights for some selected scientific topics.