cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Transition to Parenthood: Exploration of Systemic Changes and Implications for Future Treatment
Creators: name: Jenks, David B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The transition to parenthood is change that alters the very structure of the family system. Families who engage in this transition are often in need of assistance as they navigate and attempt to manage the changes and challenges that arise. The biopsychosocial-spiritual model is a modality that helps providers more holistically examine the biological, psychological, social and spiritual realms of life’s experiences. This model provides a valuable way to look at the transition to parenthood and understand some of the interactions taking place that may contribute to the development of challenges such as mental health concerns. The present dissertation was designed to examine the relationship between the biopsychosocial-spiritual aspects and the transition to parenthood in order to identify ways to help families in need during this transition. A model of therapy, solution-focused brief therapy, is identified and explored as a helpful technique to be used by providers tasked with working with families during the transition to parenthood. A vignette is then used to explore how solution-focused brief therapy can be used by providers working in a collaborative care setting with a couple navigating the transition to parenthood.
Additionally, a sample of 161 couples aged 21 to 44 (M = 31.52, SD = 4.48) who have given birth or are currently pregnant during the perinatal period completed a questionnaire exploring the biopsychosocial-spiritual aspects during the transition to parenthood. An Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model was used to explore the relationship between spiritual fortitude and depression and anxiety during the perinatal period as mediated by attitudes towards parenthood. Present findings highlighted the influence that spiritual fortitude has on the development of perinatal depression and anxiety as well as the relationship between attitudes towards parenthood and depression and anxiety during the perinatal period. Although not a mediating effect, this study identified the importance of examining how spiritual fortitude could serve as a buffer against mental health concerns during the perinatal period.
A physical optics characterization of the beam shape and sidelobe levels for the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST)
Creators: name: Puddu, Roberto
name: Gallardo, Patricio A.
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Dubois-dit-Bonclaude, Pierre
name: Groh, Manuel
name: Kiselev, Aleksej
name: Reichert, Matthias
name: Timpe, Martin
name: Cicone, Claudia
name: Kaercher, Hans J.
name: Dünner, Rolando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) is undergoing a design study for a large (50 meter) single-dish submm-wavelength Ritchey-Chrétien telescope to be located 5050 meters above sea level in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It will allow for observations covering 30 to 950 GHz. Observing at such high frequencies with a 50~m primary mirror will be challenging, and has never been attempted thus far. This observational capability demands exquisite control of systematics to ensure a reliable beam shape, and to mitigate the expected sidelobe levels. Among them, critical issues that large telescopes like AtLAST need to deal with are introduced by the panel gap pattern, the secondary mirror supporting struts, mirror deformations produced by thermal and gravitational effects, and Ruze scattering due to surface roughness. Proprietary software such as TICRA-Tools allows for full-wave, complex-field physical optics simulations taking into account these features. Such calculations can be computationally expensive since the mirror surfaces are gridded (meshed) into a fine array in which each element is treated as a current source. If the telescope size is large and the wavelengths are short this may lead to very long running times. Here we present a set of physical optics results that allow us to estimate the performance of the telescope in terms of beam shape, directivity, sidelobes level and stray light. We also discuss how we addressed the computational challenges, and provide caveats on how to shorten the run times. Above all, we conclude that the scattering effects from the gaps and tertiary support structure are minimal, and subdominant to the Ruze scattering.
description: Submitted to SPIE Proceedings
Tuning of the electronic and optical properties of single layer black phosphorus by strain
Creators: name: Çakır, Deniz
name: Sahin, Hasan
name: Peeters, François M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first principles calculations we showed that the electronic and optical properties of single layer black phosphorus (BP) depend strongly on the applied strain. Due to the strong anisotropic atomic structure of BP, its electronic conductivity and optical response are sensitive to the magnitude and the orientation of the applied strain. We found that the inclusion of many body effects is essential for the correct description of the electronic properties of monolayer BP; for example while the electronic gap of strainless BP is found to be 0.90 eV by using semilocal functionals, it becomes 2.31 eV when many-body effects are taken into account within the G0W0 scheme. Applied tensile strain was shown to significantly enhances electron transport along zigzag direction of BP. Furthermore, biaxial strain is able to tune the optical band gap of monolayer BP from 0.38 eV (at -8% strain) to 2.07 eV (at 5.5%). The exciton binding energy is also sensitive to the magnitude of the applied strain. It is found to be 0.40 eV for compressive biaxial strain of -8%, and it becomes 0.83 eV for tensile strain of 4%. Our calculations demonstrate that the optical response of BP can be significantly tuned using strain engineering which appears as a promising way to design novel photovoltaic devices that capture a broad range of solar spectrum.
Le celebrazioni per i 150 anni della fondazione dell’Istituto Geografico Militare (Firenze, 26-28 ottobre 2022)
Creators: name: Berti, Camillo
name: Dolfi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Dal 26 al 28 ottobre 2022 si è tenuto a Firenze, presso la storica sede dell’Istituto Geografico Militare di Palazzo San Marco in Via Cesare Battisti, il convegno scientifico IGM: alla scoperta di un’istituzione antica volta al futuro. Le giornate del convegno si sono svolte a cavallo del 27 ottobre, giorno in cui 150 anni fa, con il R. D. 1084, venne costituito il Regio Istituto Topografico Militare che dieci anni più tardi acquisì la denominazione odierna. Il ricco programma, articolato in tre giornate, ha visto il susseguirsi di una sessione introduttiva e di due sessioni scientifiche, oltre a una serie di eventi collaterali tra i quali il concerto della Banda dell’Esercito Italiano, la presentazione di una scultura celebrativa e di una targa commemorativa, l’illustrazione del francobollo dell’anniversario e l’annullo filatelico, oltre a uno spettacolo teatrale.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Unintended facilitation between marine consumers generates enhanced mortality for their shared prey
Creators: name: Kenworthy, M.D.
name: Powers, S.P.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We manipulated predator densities and prey vulnerability to explore how interactions between two predators affect overall mortality of their shared prey. Our three-member study system included eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and two of its major consumers: southern oyster drills (Stramonita haemastomd) and stone crabs (Menippe adina). Field experiments demonstrated that drills and crabs foraging together generated higher than expected oyster mortality based on each species operating independently, even though crabs also killed some drills. In subsequent laboratory trials, we experimentally mimicked the handling of oysters by foraging crabs and confirmed that crabs facilitated drills by breeching oyster valves, thereby granting easy access for drills to their prey. Facilitation between co-occurring predators is uncommon and typically occurs because the behavior or habitat selection of a prey species is altered by the presence of one predator, consequently making the prey more susceptible to another predator. Whereas oysters are sedentary regardless of the predator field, we observed an entirely different mechanism that resulted in predator facilitation. This involved direct attacks on the physical defenses of oysters by one predator that ultimately increased the overall consumption rate of foraging species. These dynamics significantly enhanced mortality risk for a foundation species within an estuarine ecosystem.
The Impact of Feature Representation on the Accuracy of Photonic Neural Networks
Creators: name: de Queiroz, Mauricio Gomes
name: Jimenez, Paul
name: Cardoso, Raphael
name: Costa, Mateus Vidaletti
name: Abdalla, Mohab
name: O'Connor, Ian
name: Bosio, Alberto
name: Pavanello, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Photonic Neural Networks (PNNs) are gaining significant interest in the research community due to their potential for high parallelization, low latency, and energy efficiency. PNNs compute using light, which leads to several differences in implementation when compared to electronics, such as the need to represent input features in the photonic domain before feeding them into the network. In this encoding process, it is common to combine multiple features into a single input to reduce the number of inputs and associated devices, leading to smaller and more energy-efficient PNNs. Although this alters the network's handling of input data, its impact on PNNs remains understudied. This paper addresses this open question, investigating the effect of commonly used encoding strategies that combine features on the performance and learning capabilities of PNNs. Here, using the concept of feature importance, we develop a mathematical methodology for analyzing feature combination. Through this methodology, we demonstrate that encoding multiple features together in a single input determines their relative importance, thus limiting the network's ability to learn from the data. Given some prior knowledge of the data, however, this can also be leveraged for higher accuracy. By selecting an optimal encoding method, we achieve up to a 12.3% improvement in accuracy of PNNs trained on the Iris dataset compared to other encoding techniques, surpassing the performance of networks where features are not combined. These findings highlight the importance of carefully choosing the encoding to the accuracy and decision-making strategies of PNNs, particularly in size or power constrained applications.
Hamiltonian analysis of nonprojectable Hořava-Lifshitz gravity with $U(1)$ symmetry
Creators: name: Mukohyama, Shinji
name: Namba, Ryo
name: Saitou, Rio
name: Watanabe, Yota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of constraints and count the number of degrees of freedom in the nonprojectable version of the $U(1)$ extension of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity, using the standard method of Hamiltonian analysis in the classical field theory. This makes it possible for us to investigate the condition under which the scalar graviton is absent at a fully nonlinear level. We show that the scalar graviton does not exist at the classical level if and only if two specific coupling constants are exactly zero. The operators corresponding to these two coupling constants are marginal for any values of the dynamical critical exponent of the Lifshitz scaling and thus should be generated by quantum corrections even if they are eliminated from the bare action. We thus conclude that the theory in general contains the scalar graviton.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Bikeshare Patterns in the Age of Covid
Creators: name: McKim, Polly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In the past ten years, bikeshares in Washington, DC (DC) and New York City (NYC) have grown in popularity.They offer a convenient transportation and recreation option for both locals and tourists to get around each city. While normal patterns, such as day of the week and time of day, are already known to affect the use of bike shares, the effect of recent Covid-19 related disruptions on ride demand and patterns has not been explored. This project aims to visually show how ride patterns change around the cities in conjunction with the still unfolding Covid-19 pandemic. Human cases of Covid-19 were first confirmed in Wuhan China on December 31, 2019 (Custis). From there, the virus quickly spread around the world at a breakneck pace, aided by its highly contagious nature and the lack of scientifically based data on how to effectively treat this new disease.In response to the growing threat posed by the pandemic, government officials in both NYC and DC introduced first of their kind regulations to try to stem the infection rate. Nonessential businesses were forced to close, citizens were urged to forego nonessential tasks outside the home, and public transportation schedules were greatly reduced. In conjunction with the government response, entities in the private sector in both of these cities initiated mass work from home policies. Every facet of everyday life, including transportation patterns, was disrupted across the country including in these two cities, on a level never before experienced. Although this analysis originally focused on Covid-19 related influences on bikeshare patterns, during the course of the project I uncovered trends related to the unprecedented “Black Lives Matter” protests which occurred across the country following the murder of George Floyd in police custody. This project will also touch on how rides changed in response to these activities and how patterns were also impacted by the government’s response to these new events.
Properties of Besov-Lorentz spaces and application to Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Yang, Qixiang
name: Li, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 76D03, 42B35, 46E30

description: Inspired by Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg, Fefferman and Lin, we try to investigate how to control the set of large value points for the strong solution of Navier-Stokes equations. Besov-Lorentz spaces have multiple indices which can reflect complex changes of the set of the large value points. Hence we consider some properties of Gauss flow, paraproduct flow and couple flow related to the Besov-Lorentz spaces. When dealing with Lorentz index, we use wavelets and maximum norm to describe the decay situation in the binary time ring and to define time-frequency microlocal maximum norm space. We use maximum operator, $α$-triangle inequality and Hölder inequality etc to get accurate estimates. As an application, we get a global wellposedness result of the Navier-Stokes equations where the solution can reflect how the size of the set of large value points changes.
Periodograms for Multiband Astronomical Time Series
Creators: name: VanderPlas, Jacob T.
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces the multiband periodogram, a general extension of the well-known Lomb-Scargle approach for detecting periodic signals in time-domain data. In addition to advantages of the Lomb-Scargle method such as treatment of non-uniform sampling and heteroscedastic errors, the multiband periodogram significantly improves period finding for randomly sampled multiband light curves (e.g., Pan-STARRS, DES and LSST). The light curves in each band are modeled as arbitrary truncated Fourier series, with the period and phase shared across all bands. The key aspect is the use of Tikhonov regularization which drives most of the variability into the so-called base model common to all bands, while fits for individual bands describe residuals relative to the base model and typically require lower-order Fourier series. This decrease in the effective model complexity is the main reason for improved performance. We use simulated light curves and randomly subsampled SDSS Stripe 82 data to demonstrate the superiority of this method compared to other methods from the literature, and find that this method will be able to efficiently determine the correct period in the majority of LSST's bright RR Lyrae stars with as little as six months of LSST data. A Python implementation of this method, along with code to fully reproduce the results reported here, is available on GitHub.
description: Submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome at http://jakevdp.github.io/multiband_LS/
La Carovana por el Sur global (Roma, 22 settembre 2022)
Creators: name: Pavia, Davide
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Sedute sui gradoni della scalinata di ingresso alla Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia della Sapienza, Università di Roma, decine di persone hanno ascoltato, il 22 settembre scorso, la voce di Mario Quintero, membro della Asamblea de Pueblos del Istmo en Defensa de la Tierra y el Territorio (APIDTT).
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Arrenurus (Brevicaudaturus) laticodulus Piersig 1898
Creators: name: SAVATENALINTON, SUKONTHIP
name: SMIT, HARRY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Arrenuridae
Arrenurus
Arrenurus laticodulus

description: Arrenurus (Brevicaudaturus) laticodulus Piersig, 1898
Material examined. 0/1/0, swamp Kaeng Leang Chan, Maha Sarakham Province, 16° 11.469ʹ N, 103° 12.413ʹ E, 2-xi-2016; 1/1/0, pond next to science building, Mahasarakham University, 16° 14.868ʹ N, 103° 15.014ʹ E, 2-xi-2016.
Remarks. Arrenurus laticodulus, a widespread species, has been known from the Afrotropical, Oriental and Australasian regions. This species is new for the fauna of Thailand.
description: Published as part of SAVATENALINTON, SUKONTHIP & SMIT, HARRY, 2017, New records of water mites from standing waters in Thailand, with the description of nine new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 69-91 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/852086
Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen 2. WissenschaftlerInnen diskutieren Behauptungen aus der Flüchtlingsdebatte
Creators: name: Krause, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Asyl
subject: Deutschland
subject: Europa
subject: Familiennachzug
subject: Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlinge
subject: Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Gemeinsames europäisches Asylsystem (GEAS)
subject: globale Situation
subject: Grenzen
subject: subsidiärer Schutz
subject: 320 - Politik

description: Immer wieder stellen Politikerinnen und Politiker sowie Personen des öffentlichen Lebens fragwürdige Behauptungen in den Raum, die durch Medien aufgegriffen und teils zu Stammtischparolen werden. Häufig werden Stereotypen über Asylsuchende gefördert, die als Fakten dargestellt werden, doch im besten Fall nicht viel mehr als Annahmen sind. Sie erfahren jedoch große Aufmerksamkeit und können weitreichende Konsequenzen haben. Was sagen WissenschaftlerInnen zu solchen Behauptungen? Im zweiten Teil unserer Serie ‘Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen’ kommentieren Mitglieder des Netzwerks Flüchtlingsforschung wieder typische Aussagen, um mit Hilfe wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse Mythen aufzuklären.
First laboratory and on-sky results of an adaptive secondary mirror with TNO-style actuators on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility
Creators: name: Lee, Ellen
name: Chun, Mark
name: Lai, Olivier
name: Zhang, Ruihan
name: Baeten, Max
name: Bos, Arjo
name: Kidron, Matias
name: Kamphues, Fred
name: Kuiper, Stefan
name: Jonker, Wouter
name: Connelley, Michael
name: Rayner, John
name: Ryan, Alan
name: Hinz, Philip
name: Bowens-Rubin, Rachel
name: Lockhart, Charles
name: Kelii, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing an adaptive secondary mirror (ASM) that uses a new actuator technology created by the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO). The TNO hybrid variable reluctance actuators have more than an order of magnitude better efficiency over the traditional voice coil actuators that have been used on existing ASMs and show potential for improving the long-term robustness and reliability of ASMs. To demonstrate the performance, operations, and serviceability of TNO's actuators in an observatory, we have developed a 36-actuator prototype ASM for the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) called IRTF-ASM-1. IRTF-ASM-1 provides the first on-sky demonstration of this approach and will help us evaluate the long-term performance and use of this technology in an astronomical facility environment. We present calibration and performance results with the ASM in a Meniscus Hindle Sphere lens setup as well as preliminary on-sky results on IRTF. IRTF-ASM-1 achieved stable closed-loop performance on-sky with H-band Strehl ratios of 35-40% in long-exposure images under a variety of seeing conditions.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation: Adaptive Optics Systems IX
New Extinction and Mass Estimates from Optical Photometry of the Very Low Mass Brown Dwarf Companion CT Chamaeleontis B with the Magellan AO System
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Lin
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Barman, Travis S.
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Bailey, Vanessa
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Hinz, Philip
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Xompero, Marco
name: Briguglio, Runa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Magellan adaptive optics (MagAO) system and its VisAO CCD camera to image the young low mass brown dwarf companion CT Chamaeleontis B for the first time at visible wavelengths. We detect it at r', i', z', and Ys. With our new photometry and Teff~2500 K derived from the shape its K-band spectrum, we find that CT Cha B has Av = 3.4+/-1.1 mag, and a mass of 14-24 Mj according to the DUSTY evolutionary tracks and its 1-5 Myr age. The overluminosity of our r' detection indicates that the companion has significant Halpha emission and a mass accretion rate ~6*10^-10 Msun/yr, similar to some substellar companions. Proper motion analysis shows that another point source within 2" of CT Cha A is not physical. This paper demonstrates how visible wavelength AO photometry (r', i', z', Ys) allows for a better estimate of extinction, luminosity, and mass accretion rate of young substellar companions.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 6 figures
64° Convegno Nazionale AIIG. Geografie in transizione. Spazi e pratiche educative per la rigenerazione dei saperi (Firenze, 20-22 ottobre 2022)
Creators: name: Bourlessas, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: From October 20 to 22, took place in Florence (Istituto degli Innocenti) the 64th National Conference of the Italian Association of Geography Teachers (Associazione Italiana Insegnanti di Geografia, AIIG).
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Novel Approaches to the Development of AI Algorithms to Improve Diagnostic Accuracy and Management of Skin Cancers
Creators: name: OLORUNTOBA, AYOOLUWATOMIWA IBUKUN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320205
subject: Dermatology
classificationCode: 461104
subject: Neural networks

description: This thesis examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help diagnose skin cancer. It explores the role of AI in dermatology, focusing on Australia’s regulations, ensuring these technologies work well for everyone, regardless of their skin colour/ skin lesion pigmentation or where they live. The research includes testing AI models on skin cancer images from various sources, comparing their effectiveness, and evaluating an AI-based system for remotely assessing skin cancer in regional Victoria. The goal is to understand how AI can improve skin cancer diagnosis and treatment, whilst making it safe, accessible and accurate for all.
Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen 5. WissenschaftlerInnen diskutieren Behauptungen aus der Flüchtlingsdebatte
Creators: name: Krause, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Asylrecht
subject: Deutschland
subject: Europäische Union
subject: Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlinge
subject: Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Kriminalität
subject: Migranten
subject: Statistiken
subject: USA
subject: 320 - Politik

description: Immer wieder stellen Politikerinnen und Politiker sowie Personen des öffentlichen Lebens fragwürdige Behauptungen in den Raum, die durch Medien aufgegriffen und teils zu Stammtischparolen werden. Häufig werden Stereotype über Asylsuchende gefördert, die als Fakten dargestellt, doch im besten Fall nicht viel mehr als Annahmen sind. Sie erfahren allerdings große Aufmerksamkeit und können weitreichende Konsequenzen entfalten. Was sagen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler zu solchen Behauptungen? Im fünften Teil unserer Serie ‚Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen‘ kommentieren Mitglieder des Netzwerks Flüchtlingsforschung wieder typische Aussagen, um mit Hilfe wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse Mythen aufzuklären. In diesem Beitrag ist jedoch die Struktur geändert. Aus unterschiedlichen disziplinären Perspektiven gehen jeweils zwei Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler auf ein politisches Statement ein.
Deliverable 3.6: Courses for early stage researchers update
Creators: name: Kohl, Yvonne
name: Gabelova, Alena
name: Bozena Smolkova
name: Siposova, Tatiana
name: Dusinska, Maria
name: Longhin, Eleonora
name: Earl, Julie
name: Kataki, Agapi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project management
Horizon 2020 projects

description: Training courses were organised by the coordinator in collaboration with the consortium partners NILU, FhG, NKUA and SERMAS for early stage researchers to acquire new skills and knowledge in the fields of scientific writing, interacting with industry, proposal writing and project management as well as to receive more theoretical background in specific technical methods. In total, 13 different courses in the fields mentioned above were realized as online events until now. Courses 1-4 took place in 2020 and 2021, so in total 17 courses were organized until September 2022. Two more courses are planned until the end of 2022. The training courses were organized as open call events for all students on the VISION website, not limited for students at BMC SAV in Slovakia.
Parametric resonance in spherical immersed elastic shells
Creators: name: Ko, William
name: Stockie, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a stability analysis for a fluid-structure interaction problem in which a spherical elastic shell or membrane is immersed in a 3D viscous, incompressible fluid. The shell is an idealised structure having zero thickness, and has the same fluid lying both inside and outside. The problem is formulated mathematically using the immersed boundary framework in which Dirac delta functions are employed to capture the two-way interaction between fluid and immersed structure. The elastic structure is driven parametrically via a time-periodic modulation of the elastic membrane stiffness. We perform a Floquet stability analysis, considering the case of both a viscous and inviscid fluid, and demonstrate that the forced fluid-membrane system gives rise to parametric resonances in which the solution becomes unbounded even in the presence of viscosity. The analytical results are validated using numerical simulations with a 3D immersed boundary code for a range of wavenumbers and physical parameter values. Finally, potential applications to biological systems are discussed, with a particular focus on the human heart and investigating whether or not fluid-structure interaction-mediated instabilities could play a role in cardiac fluid dynamics.
Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen 7. WissenschaftlerInnen diskutieren Behauptungen aus der Flüchtlingsdebatte
Creators: name: Krause, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Asylrecht
subject: Asylverfahren
subject: Deutschland
subject: Dublin
subject: Europäische Union
subject: Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlinge
subject: Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlingslager
subject: Grenzen
subject: Grenzregime
subject: Integration
subject: USA
subject: 320 - Politik

description: Die Koalition CDU, CSU und SPD hat sich am 05. Juli 2018 auf Maßnahmen zur „Ordnung und Steuerung in der Migrationspolitik“ geeinigt. Sie zielen unter anderem darauf ab, Asylverfahren deutlich zu beschleunigen, Verwaltungsabkommen mit EU-Mitgliedsstaaten für Zurückweisungen zu schließen und Schutzsuchende in Lagern in der Nähe von Grenzen unterzubringen. Doch was sagen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler zu diesen und weiteren Plänen in dem Maßnahmenpapier? Im siebten Teil unserer Serie ‘Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen’ kommentieren primär Mitglieder des Netzwerks Flüchtlingsforschung diese politischen Entwicklungen, um mit Hilfe wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse Mythen aufzuklären.
Bike Rides for Refugees
Creators: name: Nixon, Hazel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociology of migration, ethnicity and multiculturalism
Migration, asylum and refugee law

description: Swansea Bay Rides submit a short blog to Covid Chronicles from the Margins about their scheme offering bike ride tours of Swansea to local refugees and people seeking asylum.
 Monday 18th July 2022
 ----- This material is part of the Covid Chronicles from the Margins project, funded by The Open University and The Hague. The project aims to highlight the impact of the pandemic on refugees, asylum seekers & undocumented migrants.
 This item can be found on our website, here: https://cov19chronicles.com/bike-rides-for-refugees/
The Brown-dwarf Atmosphere Monitoring (BAM) Project II: Multi-epoch monitoring of extremely cool brown dwarfs
Creators: name: Rajan, A.
name: Patience, J.
name: Wilson, P. A.
name: Bulger, J.
name: De Rosa, R. J.
name: Ward-Duong, K.
name: Morley, C.
name: Pont, F.
name: Windhorst, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the discovery of Y dwarfs by the WISE mission, the population of field brown dwarfs now extends to objects with temperatures comparable to those of Solar System planets. To investigate the atmospheres of these newly identified brown dwarfs, we have conducted a pilot study monitoring an initial sample of three late T-dwarfs (T6.5, T8 and T8.5) and one Y-dwarf (Y0) for infrared photometric variability at multiple epochs. With J-band imaging, each target was observed for a period of 1.0h to 4.5h per epoch, which covers a significant fraction of the expected rotational period. These measurements represent the first photometric monitoring for these targets. For three of the four targets (2M1047, Ross 458C and WISE0458), multi-epoch monitoring was performed, with the time span between epochs ranging from a few hours to ~2 years. During the first epoch, the T8.5 target WISE0458 exhibited variations with a remarkable min-to-max amplitude of 13%, while the second epoch light curve taken ~2 years later did not note any variability to a 3% upper limit. With an effective temperature of ~600 K, WISE0458 is the coldest variable brown dwarf published to-date, and combined with its high and variable amplitude makes it a fascinating target for detailed follow-up. The three remaining targets showed no significant variations, with a photometric precision between 0.8% and 20.0%, depending on the target brightness. Combining the new results with previous multi-epoch observations of brown dwarfs with spectral types of T5 or later, the currently identified variables have locations on the colour-colour diagram better matched by theoretical models incorporating cloud opacities rather than cloud-free atmospheres. This preliminary result requires further study to determine if there is a definitive link between variability among late-T dwarfs and their location on the colour-colour diagram.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cagliari. Geografie e visioni di una città di Raffaele Cattedra, Marcello Tanca, Silvia Aru, Florence Troin (a cura di)
Creators: name: Boccaletti, Silvy
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Difficile non rimanere incuriositi, soprattutto per i lettori e le lettrici che poco conoscono Cagliari, dal volume Cagliari. Geografie e visioni di una città, un testo pubblicato nella collana Nuove Geografie di FrancoAngeli. Appare subito evidente la visione caleidoscopica che emerge da questa pubblicazione corale curata da Raffaele Cattedra, Marcello Tanca, Silvia Aru e Florence Troin. Il volume si presenta denso e caratterizzato da numerosi spunti teorici e metodologici, che nel complesso tentano di raccontare il capoluogo sardo, nei suoi ordinari, ma al tempo stesso eterogenei frammenti urbani e non, che lo compongono. Quattordici saggi, che muovendo da punti di vista differenti, accompagnano chi legge nelle molteplici dimensioni spaziali e sociali della città, contribuendo a produrre un’opera ad oggi più che mai necessaria, che va ad integrare l’attuale produzione accademica su Cagliari.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Towards Dataset-scale and Feature-oriented Evaluation of Text Summarization in Large Language Model Prompts
Creators: name: Lee, Sam Yu-Te
name: Bahukhandi, Aryaman
name: Liu, Dongyu
name: Ma, Kwan-Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Prompt Engineering have made chatbot customization more accessible, significantly reducing barriers to tasks that previously required programming skills. However, prompt evaluation, especially at the dataset scale, remains complex due to the need to assess prompts across thousands of test instances within a dataset. Our study, based on a comprehensive literature review and pilot study, summarized five critical challenges in prompt evaluation. In response, we introduce a feature-oriented workflow for systematic prompt evaluation. In the context of text summarization, our workflow advocates evaluation with summary characteristics (feature metrics) such as complexity, formality, or naturalness, instead of using traditional quality metrics like ROUGE. This design choice enables a more user-friendly evaluation of prompts, as it guides users in sorting through the ambiguity inherent in natural language. To support this workflow, we introduce Awesum, a visual analytics system that facilitates identifying optimal prompt refinements for text summarization through interactive visualizations, featuring a novel Prompt Comparator design that employs a BubbleSet-inspired design enhanced by dimensionality reduction techniques. We evaluate the effectiveness and general applicability of the system with practitioners from various domains and found that (1) our design helps overcome the learning curve for non-technical people to conduct a systematic evaluation of summarization prompts, and (2) our feature-oriented workflow has the potential to generalize to other NLG and image-generation tasks. For future works, we advocate moving towards feature-oriented evaluation of LLM prompts and discuss unsolved challenges in terms of human-agent interaction.
Noncommutative minisuperspace, gravity-driven acceleration and kinetic inflation
Creators: name: Rasouli, S. M. M.
name: Moniz, Paulo Vargas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a noncommutative version of the Brans-Dicke (BD) theory and obtain the Hamiltonian equations of motion for a spatially flat Friedmann--Lema\^ıtre--Robertson--Walker universe filled with a perfect fluid. We focus on the case where the scalar potential as well as the ordinary matter sector are absent. Then, we investigate gravity-driven acceleration and kinetic inflation in this noncommutative BD cosmology. In contrast to the commutative case, in which the scale factor and BD scalar field are in a power-law form, in the noncommutative case the power-law scalar factor is multiplied by a dynamical exponential warp factor. This warp factor depends on the noncommutative parameter as well as the momentum conjugate associated to the BD scalar field. We show that the BD scalar field and the scale factor effectively depend on the noncommutative parameter. For very small values of this parameter, we obtain an appropriate inflationary solution, which can overcome problems within BD standard cosmology in a more efficient manner. Furthermore, a graceful exit from an early acceleration epoch towards a decelerating radiation epoch is provided. For late times, due to the presence of the noncommutative parameter, we obtain a zero acceleration epoch, which can be interpreted as the coarse-grained explanation.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
"... baut eine Mauer mitten im Meer, und baut sie bis hinauf in den Himmel ..." : Afrikanische Flüchtlinge als politische und humanitäre Herausforderung für Deutschland
Creators: name: Ofori, Marie
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 320 Politik
subject: Flüchtlinge
subject: Migration
subject: Afrika
subject: Afrikanischer Flüchtling
subject: Flucht
subject: Ursache
subject: Deutschland
subject: Flüchtlingspolitik

description: Im Jahr 2016 wurden in Deutschland insgesamt 745.545 Asylanträge gestellt. Unter den neun Hauptherkunftsländern der Erstantragssteller befanden sich zwei afrikanische Länder, Eritrea und Nigeria. Was treibt Menschen auf den Weg nach Europa und welche Hindernisse nehmen sie dafür in Kauf? Was geschieht nach ihrer Ankunft und wie ist die politische Haltung Deutschlands und die sich ständig ändernde Gesetzgebung zu verstehen? Diese Fragen werden in Bezug auf Zahlen und auf die Rechtslage bis Juli 2016 behandelt und laden zum Nachdenken, Streiten und Diskutieren ein.
Aggregation of theta-polymers in spherical confinement
Creators: name: Zierenberg, Johannes
name: Mueller, Marco
name: Schierz, Philipp
name: Marenz, Martin
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the aggregation transition of theta polymers in spherical confinement with multicanonical simulations. This allows for a systematic study of the effect of density on the aggregation transition temperature for up to 24 monodisperse polymers. Our results for solutions in the dilute regime show that polymers can be considered isolated for all temperatures larger than the aggregation temperature, which is shown to be a function of the density. The resulting competition between single-polymer collapse and aggregation yields the lower temperature bound of the isolated chain approximation. We provide entropic and energetic arguments to describe the density dependence and finite-size effects of the aggregation transition for monodisperse solutions in finite systems. This allows us to estimate the aggregation transition temperature of dilute systems in a spherical cavity, using a few simulations of small, sufficiently dilute polymer systems.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Aree naturali protette e valorizzazione di territori marginali. Il Parco Regionale delle Serre nel cuore della Calabria di Caterina Barilaro
Creators: name: Ciaglia, Filiberto
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Lo scritto di Caterina Barilaro, pubblicato per i tipi di Pàtron, attraversa le rugosità di un’area protetta della Calabria interna: il Parco Regionale delle Serre. Quando la connotazione dell’ambito di studio è arricchita da una forte componente affettiva, quando il territorio è prima di tutto “territorio emotivo”, la possibilità che il legame infici - talvolta - l’imparzialità dell’analisi rappresenta una variabile concreta. Si può affermare, tuttavia, che l’autrice non abbia mai corso questo rischio e anzi abbia marcato con rimarchevole lucidità le contraddizioni storicamente stratificatesi in un’area dalle infinite potenzialità culturali, latenti e di quando in quando inespresse.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Early life fibre enriched diets affect gut functionality of piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli after weaning
Creators: name: Soumya, Kar
name: Anouschka, Middelkoop
name: Alfons, Jansman
name: Francesc, Molist
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: animal feeding
animal health
animal welfare
post weaning diarrhoea

description: Poster presented at the 15th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs to be held in Rotterdam (The Netherlands) between May 17th and 20th 2022
Dossier statistico Immigrazone 2021 del Centro studi e Ricerche Idos in collaborazione con Centro Studi Confronti e Istituto di Studi Politici “S. Pio V”
Creators: name: D'Angiolillo, Francesco
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Il centro di Studi e Ricerche IDOS, in collaborazione con il Centro Studi Confronti e l’Istituto di Studi Politici Pio V, ha presentato il Dossier Statistico Immigrazione per l’anno 2021, uno studio che ogni anno cerca di offrire una cartina tornasole sui fenomeni migratori mondiali, con un focus sui flussi migratori verso la Penisola. L’edizione del 2021 è particolarmente interessante poiché è la prima che tiene conto dell’epidemia di Covid-19 che ha, inevitabilmente, influito sulle dinamiche migratorie dell’intero globo, rendendo più restrittive le regole per l’accoglienza di stranieri.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Central Limit Theorem for Adaptative Multilevel Splitting Estimators in an Idealized Setting
Creators: name: Bréhier, Charles-Edouard
name: Goudenège, Ludovic
name: Tudela, Loic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Adaptive Multilevel Splitting algorithm is a very powerful and versatile iterative method to estimate the probability of rare events, based on an interacting particle systems. In an other article, in a so-called idealized setting, the authors prove that some associated estimators are unbiased, for each value of the size n of the systems of replicas and of resampling number k. Here we go beyond and prove these estimator's asymptotic normality when h goes to infinity, for any fixed value of k. The main ingredient is the asymptotic analysis of a functional equation on an appropriate characteristic function. Some numerical simulations illustrate the convergence to rely on Gaussian confidence intervals.
Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen 8
Creators: name: Krause, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Asylverfahren
subject: Dublin
subject: Europa
subject: Europäische Asyl- und Flüchtlingspolitik
subject: Europäische Grenzpolitik
subject: Europäische Union
subject: Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlingsforschung gegen Mythen
subject: Flüchtlingslager
subject: Lager
subject: 320 - Politik

description: Immer wieder stellen Politiker:innen oder andere Personen des öffentlichen Lebens fragwürdige Behauptungen über Flucht, Asyl und geflüchtete Menschen in den Raum. Als vermeintlich einfache Lösungen für hoch komplexe Sachverhalte getarnt erhalten solche Aussagen mitunter viel Aufmerksamkeit. Regelmäßig werden dabei internationale rechtliche Standards vernachlässigt, menschenrechtliche Auswirkungen heruntergespielt oder unzutreffende Wirkungszusammenhänge proklamiert. Für geflüchtete Menschen und ihre Lebensverhältnisse können diese Entwicklungen schwerwiegende Konsequenzen entfalten. Viele solcher Aussagen finden sich auch im Zusammenhang mit dem jüngsten Beschluss des Rats der EU vom 8. Juni 2023 zur Neuordnung des Gemeinsamen Europäischen Asylsystems (GEAS). Darin werden weitreichende Regelungen zur zukünftigen Ausgestaltung der europäischen Asylpolitik vorgeschlagen. Der Beschluss wird zwar nicht unmittelbar umgesetzt, sondern stellt lediglich eine Grundlage für weitere Verhandlungen der Mitgliedstaaten und mit dem Europäischen Parlament dar. Auch haben einige Regierungen bereits angekündigt, die aktuellen Pläne nicht umsetzen zu wollen. Ob, wann und wie genau Ansätze aus dem Beschluss in konkrete Politik übertragen wird, bleibt also abzuwarten. Dennoch hat der Beschluss das Potential die europäische Asylpolitik grundlegend zu verändern. Was sagen Wissenschaftler:innen zu dem Beschluss? Im achten Teil unserer Reihe ‚Fluchtforschung gegen Mythen‘ kommentieren Wissenschaftler:innen aus diversen Disziplinen die Kernpunkte des Beschlusses, um mit Hilfe wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse Mythen aufzuklären. Ausgangspunkt der Beiträge sind Zitate aus der Pressemitteilung der EU vom 8. Juni 2023, die den Beschluss zusammenfasst und vorstellt. Konkret kommentiert Dr. Dr. Maximilian Pichl die geplanten beschleunigten Asylverfahren, Dr.in Judith Kohlenberger die Durchführung und Durchführbarkeit der Pläne, Prof.in Dr.in Ulrike Krause die Prekaritäten von Asylzentren, Dr. Marcus Engler den Solidaritätsmechanismus, Prof.in Dr.in Birgit Glorius Sekundärmigration von Geflüchteten sowie Prof. Dr. Volker M. Heins die Steuerung von Sekundärmigration und Bedeutung von Grenzen.