Barathronus diaphanus Brauer 1906
Creators: name: Nielsen, Jørgen G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Ophidiiformes
Aphyonidae
Barathronus
Barathronus diaphanus

description: Barathronus diaphanus Brauer, 1906
Table 1. Figs. 2, 10–12
Barathronus diaphanus Brauer, 1906: 305 (type locality: 2°58.8’N, 47°6.1’E).
Barathronus diaphanus: Weber 1913: 551; Beaufort & Chapman 1951: 406; Nielsen 1969: 44; Nielsen et al. 1999: 138; Nielsen & Møller 2008: 39.
Material examined (24 specimens, SL 54-130 mm). Holotype: ZMB 17699 (SL 117, female), off Somalia, 2°58.8’N, 47°6.1’E, RV Valdivia, st. 259, trawl, 1289 m, 28 Mar. 1899. Non-types: ZMA 104.467 (SL 59 mm, female), off Timor, 10°48.6’S, 123°23.1’E, RV Siboga, st. 300, trawl, 918 m, 30 Jan. 1900. ZSI 1050/1 (SL 65 and 70 mm, 2 females), Andaman Sea, 13°29’30’’N, 95°29’E, RV Investigator, St. 310, Agassiz trawl, 1756 m, 5 Nov. 1902. HKFRS- uncatalogued (SL 92 mm, male), South China Sea, 19°40’N, 115°30’E, RV Cape St. Mary, cr. 1/64, st. 26, Agassiz trawl, 732–796 m, 7 Jan. 1964. MNHN 2019-0035 (SL 113 mm, female), off Northwest Madagascar, 12°27’S, 48°10’E, RV Vauban, trawl 22, 680– 700 m, 19 Jan. 1972. MNHN 2019—0031 - 34 (4 spms., SL 100–110 mm, 4 females), off Southeast Madagascar, 22°16.9’S, 42°56’E, RV Vauban, Crosnier coll., trawl 109, 1500 m, 30 Nov. 1973. MNHN 2019-0036 (SL 115 mm, male), off Northwest Madagascar, 13°04’S, 47°51.5’E, RV Vauban, trawl 134, 1865– 2030 m, 21 Jan. 1975. MNHN 2002-3134 (SL 85 mm, male), Coral Sea, 19°54’S, 158°37’58.8’’E, RV Coriolis/Musorstom 5, dw337, 412– 430 m, 15 Oct. 1986. MNHN 1995-0913 (SL 95 mm, female), off Vanuatu, 18°51’S, 168°55’1.2’’E, RV Alis/Musorstom 8, cp1007, 720– 830 m, 25 Sep. 1994. MNHN 1995-0919 (SL 54 mm, male), off Vanuatu, 15°48’S, 167°24’E, RV Alis/Musorstom 8, cp1074, 775– 798 m, 4 Oct. 1994. MNHN 1995- 0914 (SL 96 and 104 mm, 2 males), off Vanuatu, 14°49’1.2’’S, 167°15’E, RV Alis / Musorstom 8, cp1110, 1360 m, 8 Oct. 1994. MNHN 2004-0924 (SL 72 mm, female), off Fiji Is., 17°09’S, 177°55’58.8’’E, RV Alis / Musorstom 10, cp1331, 694– 703 m, 8 Aug. 1998. MNHN 2004-0925 (SL 88 mm, male), off Fiji Is., 17°03’S, 177°46’58.8’’E, RV Alis / Musorstom 10, cp1335, 729– 753 m, 9 Aug. 1998. MNHN 2015-0052 (SL 112 mm, male), Tonga, 23°28’S, 176°22’W, RV Alis / Bordau 2, st. cp 1625, 824 m, 19 June 2001. MNHN 2006-0699 (SL 65 mm, male), Solomon Isls., 9°0’21.6’’S, 159°4’15.6’’E, RV Alis / Salomon 2, cp2175, 579– 585 m, 21 Oct. 2004. ZMUC P 771585 (SL 96 mm, female), Solomon Sea, 13°45’S, 156°41’E, RV Galathea 3, st. 0611219-05, otter trawl, 2255–2283 m, 19 Dec. 2006, ZMUC P 771586 (SL 112 mm, female), Solomon Sea, 7°25’S, 155°44.7’E, RV Galathea 3, st. 061227-01, 1.2 m Agassiz trawl, 1012–1094 m, 27 Dec. 2006. NSMT-P 111903 (SL 130 mm, female), Ryukyu Is., 25°19.992’N, 125°24.912’E to 25°20.354’N, 125°26.659’E, RV Tansei-maru, beam trawl, 1927– 1901 m, 30 Nov. 2012. MNHN 2016-0166 (SL 110+ mm, female), Mahajanga, Madagascar, 15°31’S, 45°42’E, MOZ1 _CP4, beam trawl, 806 m, 9 Oct. 2014.
Diagnosis. Barathronus diaphanus differs from the other five species of the genus with dark-pigmented peritoneum by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays 58–73, anal-fin rays 48–61, long rakers on anterior gill arch 25–35, precaudal vertebrae 30–35, total vertebrae 66–75, vomer with 1–5 fangs, paired bulbs at basis of penis not developed, no ventral flexure of anteriormost vertebrae. Ripe males with rather thick penis. Newly-caught specimens bright red, preserved specimens light-brownish with dark-blue peritoneum. Otolith (Fig. 11) similar to that of B. bicolor (Fig. 8).
Description. For a detailed description see Nielsen (1969: 44). The principal meristic and morphometric characters are shown in Table 1.
Comparisons. For a comparison to the very similar species, B. bicolor, see page 6.
Distribution (Fig. 2). From Madagascar to Japan and Tonga ls. at depths of 579–2030 m.
description: Published as part of Nielsen, Jørgen G., 2019, Revision of the circumglobal genus Barathronus (Ophidiiformes, Bythitidae) with a new species from the eastern North Atlantic Ocean, pp. 231-256 in Zootaxa 4679 (2) on pages 241-243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4679.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/3772453