cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Convecting reference frames and invariant numerical models
Creators: name: Bihlo, Alexander
name: Nave, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent paper by Bernardini et al. [J. Comput. Phys. 232 (2013), 1-6] the discrepancy in the performance of finite difference and spectral models for simulations of flows with a preferential direction of propagation was studied. In a simplified investigation carried out using the viscous Burgers equation the authors attributed the poorer numerical results of finite difference models to a violation of Galilean invariance in the discretization and propose to carry out the computations in a reference frame moving with the bulk velocity of the flow. Here we further discuss this problem and relate it to known results on invariant discretization schemes. Non-invariant and invariant finite difference discretizations of Burgers equation are proposed and compared with the discretization using the remedy proposed by Bernardini et al..
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
South Java tsunami model using highly resolved data and probable tsunamigenic sources
Creators: name: Kongko, Widjo
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Tsunami modelling
subject: south Java
subject: highly resolved data
subject: nonlinear shallow water wave equation
subject: Tsunami-Modellierung
subject: Süd-Java
subject: hochaufgelöste Daten
subject: nichtlineare Flachwassergleichungen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik

description: [no abstract]
Spacelike self-similar shrinking solutions of the mean curvature flow in pseudo-euclidean spaces
Creators: name: Rostirolla Adames, Márcio
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mean curvature flow
subject: self-similar
subject: self-shrinker
subject: pseudo-euclidean
subject: Mittlerer Krümmungsfluss
subject: selbstähnliche Lösungen
subject: pseudo-euklidisch
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract]
Semilinear elliptic systems with measure data
Creators: name: Klimsiak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Dirichlet problem for systems of the form -Δu^k=f^k(x,u)+μ^k, x\inΩ, k=1,...,n, where Ω\subset R^d$ is an open (possibly nonregular) bounded set, μ^1,...,μ^n are bounded diffuse measures on Ω, f=(f^1,...,f^n) satisfies some mild integrability condition and the so-called angle condition. Using the methods of probabilistic Dirichlet forms theory we show that the system has a unique solution in the generalized Sobolev space i.e. space of functions having fine gradient. We provide also a stochastic representation of the solution.
Dottorato industriale: storia di un insuccesso?
Creators: name: Daneluzzi, Sabrina
name: Bombana, Manuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Business, Impresa, Dottorato di ricerca, PhD, Doctoral Programme, Doctorate, Industrial PhD, Executive PhD, Collaborative PhD, Industriale Doctoral Programme, Executive Doctoral Programme, Collaborative Doctoral Programme University, Private labor market, Public labor market, Profit enterprise, Public institution, NGO, Charitable institution, Cultural institution

description: Obiettivo generale di questo lavoro è capire se il dottorato industriale in Italia abbia funzionato, vada abbandonato oppure migliorato. S’intende riabilitare uno strumento che ha mostrato di funzionare bene in altri Paesi sia come motore dello sviluppo economico sia come valorizzazione del dottorato, ma che in Italia fatica a decollare. The general objective of this work is to understand if the industrial doctorate in Italy has worked, should be abandoned or improved. The intention is to rehabilitate a tool that has shown to work well in other countries both as an engine of economic development and as an enhancement of the doctorate, but which in Italy is struggling to take off. Project work Master in Management dell’Università e della Ricerca - Master SUM VI edizione (POLIMI Graduate School of Management).
Slip behaviour of faults in a subduction zone setting and their response to surface processes : insights from finite-element modelling
Creators: name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Subduction zones
subject: surface processes
subject: finite-element models
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: [no abstract]
title: THE INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF A TEXT MESSAGE INTERVENTION AND CONNECTIVITY AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS
Creators: name: Coldiron, Kara
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Social cohesion among peers profoundly influences decision making during adolescence. Despite this, the current research is very limited concerning the association of social cohesion and intimacy among rural adolescent peers with dietary intake and weight outcomes. This is problematic because social cohesion could be an unknown contributing factor in obesity among rural adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate how social cohesion and intimacy among rural adolescents in Kentucky and North Carolina affects the outcomes of a text message intervention aimed at improving fruit, vegetable, fast food and sugar sweetened beverage intake. Additionally, to determine if social cohesion is an independent contributing factor to dietary intakes and weight outcomes among rural adolescents. It was found that the intervention had no effect on fruit and vegetable consumption and purchases and sugar sweetened beverage calories. However, the intervention did have a modest effect on the amount of times fast food was consumed per week.
description: Copyright © Kara Coldiron 2019
Electron Correlation Induced Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Weyl Semimetal Phase in a Strongly Spin-Orbit Coupled System
Creators: name: Sekine, Akihiko
name: Nomura, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the electron correlation effect in a three-dimensional Dirac fermion system which describes a topologically nontrivial state. It is shown within the mean-field approximation that time-reversal and inversion symmetries of the system are spontaneously broken in the region where both spin-orbit coupling and electron correlation are strong. This phase is considered as an analog of that in the lattice quantum chromodynamics. It is also shown that in the presence of magnetic impurities, electron correlation enhances the appearance of the Weyl semimetal phase between the topological insulator phase and the normal insulator phase.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Extended Main-Sequence Turnoff and Red Clump in intermediate-age star clusters: A study of NGC 419
Creators: name: Dresbach, Francesca
name: Massari, Davide
name: Lanzoni, Barbara
name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: Dalessandro, Emanuele
name: Libralato, Mattia
name: Raso, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the goal of untangling the origin of extended main-sequence turnoffs (eMSTOs) and extended red clumps (eRCs) in star clusters, in this work we present the study of the intermediate-age cluster NGC 419, situated along the Bridge of the Small Magellanic Cloud. To this aim, we analyzed multi-epoch, high angular resolution observations acquired with the Hubble Space Telescope for this dynamically young cluster, which enabled the determination of precise proper motions and therefore the assessment of the cluster membership for each individual star in the field of view. With this unprecedented information at hand, we first studied the radial distribution of kinematically selected member stars in different eMSTO subregions. The absence of segregation supports the rotation scenario as the cause for the turnoff color extension and disfavors the presence of a prolonged period of star formation in the cluster. A similar analysis on the eRC of NGC 419 confirms the absence of segregation, providing further evidence against an age spread, which is at odds with previous investigations. Even so, the currently available evolutionary models including stellar rotation fail at reproducing the two photometric features simultaneously. We argue that either shortcomings in these models or a different origin for the red clump feature, such as a nonstandard differential mass loss along the red giant branch phase, are the only way to reconcile our observational findings with theoretical expectations.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication on A&A
Soil physical and hydrological evaluation of aluminum recycling by-product as an infiltration barrier for potash mine tailings = Bodenphysikalisch-hydrologische Bewertung von Rückständen der Aluminium-Kreislaufführung als Infiltrationsbarriere für eine Halde des Kalibergbaus
Creators: name: Hermsmeyer, Dirk
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Potash mine tailings
subject: aluminium recycling waste
subject: water balance modeling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: [no abstract]
Ferromagnetic Quantum Critical Point Induced by Tuning the Magnetic Dimensionality of the Heavy-Fermion Iron Oxypnictide Ce(Ru$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)PO
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Ishida, Kenji
name: Nakamura, Tetsuro
name: Matoba, Masanori
name: Kamihara, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed 31P-NMR measurements of the c-axis-aligned poly-crystal Ce(Ru1-xFex)PO with a two-dimensional layered structure in order to understand the origin of TCurie suppression by Fe substitution. The variation in the magnetic-fluctuation character with respect to x is investigated from the in-plane and out-of plane fluctuations and the relationship between the static spin susceptibility and the in-plane fluctuation. It was found that three-dimensional ferromagnetic (FM) correlations are dominant and give rise to the FM ordering in CeRuPO. The out-of-plane fluctuations are significantly suppressed with increasing x, and it was revealed that the FM fluctuations become two dimensional near a FM quantum critical point (QCP). Our NMR results strongly suggest that a unique FM QCP in Ce(Ru1-xFex)PO is induced by the suppression of the magnetic correlations along the c-axis, which is a different mechanism from that presumed in heavy-fermion compounds.
description: 5pages, 5figures, This paper was chosen as "Papers of Editors' Choice"
Electron acceleration by coherent laser pulse echelons in periodic plasma structures
Creators: name: Pukhov, A.
name: Kostyukov, I.
name: Tückmantel, T.
name: Luu-Thanh, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a possibilty to use an echelon of mutually coherent laser pulses generated by the emerging CAN (Coherent Amplification Network) technology for direct particle acceleration in periodic plasma structures. The plasma structure survives a single shot only. However, due to it's simplicity and projected very low production costs, the structure can be replaced for every laser shot at a kiloherz repetition rate. We discuss resonant and free streaming configurations. The resonant plasma structures can trap energy of longer laser pulses but are limited to moderate laser intensities of about 10^{14}\,{\rm W/cm^{2}} and are very sensitive to the structure quality. The free streaming configurations can survive laser intensities above 10^{18}\,{\rm W/cm^{2}} for several tens of femtoseconds so that sustained accelerating rates well above {\rm TeV/m} are feasible. In our full electromagnetic relativistic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations we show a test electron bunch gaining up to 120\,{\rm GeV} over a distance of 5.3\,{\rm cm} only.
Social search in collaborative tagging networks : the role of ties
Creators: name: Bischoff, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social networks
subject: collaborative tagging
subject: tie strength
subject: machine learning
subject: Soziale Netzwerke
subject: Beziehungsstärke
subject: maschinelles Lernen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: [no abstract]
Multi-point study of the energy release and transport in the 28 March 2022, M4-flare using STIX, EUI, and AIA during the first Solar Orbiter nominal mission perihelion
Creators: name: Purkhart, Stefan
name: Veronig, Astrid M.
name: Dickson, Ewan C. M.
name: Battaglia, Andrea Francesco
name: Krucker, Säm
name: Jarolim, Robert
name: Kliem, Bernhard
name: Dissauer, Karin
name: Podladchikova, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a case study of an M4-class flare on 28 March 2022, near Solar Orbiter's first science perihelion (0.33 AU). Solar Orbiter was 83.5° west of the Sun-Earth line, making the event appear near the eastern limb, while Earth-orbiting spacecraft observed it near the disk center. The timing and location of the STIX X-ray sources were related to the plasma evolution observed in the EUV by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on Solar Orbiter and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory, and to the chromospheric response observed in 1600 Å by AIA. We performed differential emission measure (DEM) analysis to further characterize the flaring plasma at different subvolumes. The pre-flare magnetic field configuration was analyzed using a nonlinear force-free (NLFF) extrapolation. In addition to the two classical hard X-ray (HXR) footpoints at the ends of the flaring loops, later in the event we observe a nonthermal HXR source at one of the anchor points of the erupting filament. The evolution of the AIA 1600~Å footpoints indicates that this change in footpoint location represents a discontinuity in an otherwise continuous westward motion of the footpoints throughout the flare. The NLFF extrapolation suggests that strongly sheared field lines close to, or possibly even part of, the erupting filament reconnected with a weakly sheared arcade during the first HXR peak. The remainder of these field lines reconnected later in the event, producing the HXR peak at the southern filament footpoint. Our results show that the reconnection between field lines with very different shear in the early phase of the flare plays a crucial role in understanding the motion of the HXR footpoint during later parts of the flare. This generalizes simpler models, such as whipping reconnection, which only consider reconnection propagating along uniformly sheared arcades.
STEREO observations of the energetic ions in tilted corotating interaction regions
Creators: name: Bucik, R.
name: Mall, U.
name: Korth, A.
name: Mason, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we examine suprathermal He ions measured by the SIT (Suprathermal Ion Telescope) instrument associated with tilted corotating interaction regions (CIRs). We use observations of the two STEREO spacecraft (s/c) for the first 2.7 years of the mission, along with ground-based measurements of the solar magnetic field during the unusually long minimum of Solar Cycle 23. Due to the unique configuration of the STEREO s/c orbits we are able to investigate spatial variations in the intensity of the corotating ions on time scales of less than one solar rotation. The observations reveal that the occurrence of the strong CIR events was the most frequent at the beginning of the period. The inclination of the heliospheric current sheet relative to the heliographic equator (the tilt angle) was quite high in the first stage of the mission and gradually flattened with the time, followed by a decrease in the CIR activity. By examining the differences between measurements on the two STEREO s/c we discuss how the changes in the position of the s/c relative to the CIRs affect the energetic particle observations. We combine STEREO observations with observations from the ULEIS instrument on the ACE s/c and argue that the main factor which controls the differences in the ion intensities is the latitudinal separation between the two STEREO s/c relative to the tilted CIRs. The position of the s/c is less important when the tilt angle is high. In this case we found that the CIR ion intensity positively correlates with the tilt angle.
description: accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research
Solide 3D Hydrogelsysteme zur Kultivierung tierischer Zellen
Creators: name: Rüdinger, Ferdinand Martin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 3D cell culture
subject: microparticle
subject: cell encapsulation
subject: Hydrogel
subject: 3D Zellkultur
subject: Mikropartikel
subject: Zellverkapselung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: [no abstract]
A versatile classification tool for galactic activity using optical and infrared colors
Creators: name: Daoutis, Charalampos
name: Kyritsis, Elias
name: Kouroumpatzakis, Konstantinos
name: Zezas, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) The overwhelming majority of diagnostic tools for galactic activity are focused on active galaxies. Passive or dormant galaxies are often excluded from these diagnostics which usually employ emission line features. In this work, we use infrared and optical colors in order to build an all-inclusive galactic activity diagnostic tool that can discriminate between star-forming, AGN, LINER, composite, and passive galaxies, and which can be used in local and low-redshift galaxies. We explore classification criteria based on infrared colors from the 3 WISE bands supplemented with optical colors from the u, g, and r SDSS bands. From these we aim to find the minimal combination of colors for optimal results. Furthermore, to mitigate biases related to aperture effects, we introduce a new WISE photometric scheme combing different sized apertures. We develop a diagnostic tool using machine learning methods that includes both active and passive galaxies under one unified scheme using 3 colors. We find that the combination of W1-W2, W2-W3, and g-r colors offers good performance while the broad availability of these colors for a large number of galaxies ensures wide applicability on large galaxy samples. The overall accuracy is $\sim$81% while the achieved completeness for each class is $\sim$81% for star-forming, $\sim$56% for AGN, $\sim$68% for LINER, $\sim$65% for composite, and $\sim$85% for passive galaxies. Our diagnostic provides a significant improvement over existing IR diagnostics by including all types of active, as well as passive galaxies, and extending them to the local Universe. The inclusion of the optical colors improves their performance in identifying low-luminosity AGN which are generally confused with star-forming galaxies, and helps to identify cases of starbursts with extreme mid-IR colors which mimic obscured AGN galaxies, a well-known problem for most IR diagnostics.
description: Accepted for publication in the A&A journal. The code for the application of our model can be accessed through the GitHub repository in https://github.com/BabisDaoutis/GalActivityClassifier
Early thermalization of quark-gluon matter with the elastic scattering of ggq and ggqbar
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-Ming
name: Shen, Zhen-Yu
name: Ye, Zhi-Cheng
name: Xu, Wei-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic gluon-gluon-quark (gluon-gluon-antiquark) scattering is studied in perturbative QCD with 123 Feynman diagrams at the tree level. Individually squared amplitudes and interference terms of the Feynman diagrams are derived. With the elastic gluon-gluon-quark scattering and the elastic gluon-gluon-antiquark scattering transport equations are established. In the thermalization process of initially created quark-gluon matter, this matter is governed by elastic 2-to-2 scattering and elastic 3-to-3 scattering. Solutions of the transport equations show that initially created quark-gluon matter takes early thermalization, i.e., thermal states are established rapidly. Different thermalization times of gluon matter and quark matter are obtained.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
Sources of uncertainty in precautionary risk assessment of mobile and potentially mobile trace elements in the soil groundwater pathway
Creators: name: Godbersen, Levke Poppe
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soil-groundwater pathway
subject: trace elements
subject: uncertainty
subject: Wirkungspfad Boden-Grundwasser
subject: Spurenelemente
subject: Unsicherheit
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Soil application of neem products in IPM : controlling thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in vegetable crops
Creators: name: Thöming, Gunda
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Neem
subject: soil application
subject: thrips
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Chiral magnetism and helimagnons in a pyrochlore antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Choi, Eunsong
name: Chern, Gia-Wei
name: Perkins, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent neutron scattering measurements on the spinel CdCr2O4 revealed a rare example of helical magnetic order in geometrically frustrated pyrochlore antiferromagnet. The spin spiral characterized by an incommensurate wavevector Q = 2pi (0, delta, 1) with delta ~0.09 is accompanied by a tetragonal distortion. Here we conduct a systematic study on the magnetic ground state resulting from the interplay between the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and further neighbor exchange couplings, two of the most important mechanisms for stabilizing incommensurate spin orders. We compute the low-energy spin-wave spectrum based on a microscopic spin Hamiltonian and find a dispersion relation characteristic of the helimagnons. By numerically integrating the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with realistic model parameters, an overall agreement between experiment and the numerical spectrum, lending further support to the view that a softened optical phonon triggers the magnetic transition and endows the lattice a chirality.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
High-power mid-infrared frequency comb source based on a femtosecond Er:fiber oscillator
Creators: name: Zhu, Feng
name: Hundertmark, Holger
name: Kolomenskii, Alexandre A.
name: Strohaber, James
name: Holzwarth, Ronald
name: Schuessler, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a high-power mid-infrared frequency comb source based on a femtosecond Er:fiber oscillator with a stabilized repetition rate at 250 MHz. The mid-infrared frequency comb is produced through difference frequency generation in a periodically poled MgO-doped lithium niobate crystal. The output power is about 120 mW with a pulse duration of about 80 fs, and spectrum coverage from 2.9 to 3.6 um. The coherence properties of the produced high-power broadband mid-infrared frequency comb are maintained, which was verified by heterodyne measurements. As the first application, the spectrum of a ~200 ppm methane-air mixture in a short 20 cm glass cell at ambient atmospheric pressure and temperature was measured.
description: 3 pages, 5 figures
Divisibility properties of the Fibonacci entry point
Creators: name: Cubre, Paul
name: Rouse, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B39 (Primary) 11R32, 14G25 (Secondary)

description: For a prime $p$, let $Z(p)$ be the smallest positive integer $n$ so that $p$ divides $F_{n}$, the $n$th term in the Fibonacci sequence. Paul Bruckman and Peter Anderson conjectured a formula for $ζ(m)$, the density of primes $p$ for which $m | Z(p)$ on the basis of numerical evidence. We prove Bruckman and Anderson's conjecture by studying the algebraic group $G : x^{2} - 5y^{2} = 1$ and relating $Z(p)$ to the order of $α= (3/2,1/2) \in G(\F_{p})$. We are then able to use Galois theory and the Chebotarev density theorem to compute $ζ(m)$.
Additional file 1 of Postprandial effects of dietary protein source on metabolic responses, appetite, and arterial stiffness indices in overweight and obese men: the study protocol for a randomized crossover clinical trial
Creators: name: Dehnavi, Zahra
name: Esfehani, Ali Jafarzadeh
name: Hajhoseini, Omolbanin
name: Barghchi, Hanieh
name: Yazdi, Aliyeh Ghannadzadeh
name: Khorasanchi, Zahra
name: Shadnoush, Mahdi
name: Rezvani, Reza
name: Esmaily, Habibollah
name: Safarian, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Standard protocol items: recommendation for interventional trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
3D simulations of the Archean Earth including photochemical haze profiles
Creators: name: Mak, M. T.
name: Mayne, N. J.
name: Sergeev, D. E.
name: Manners, J.
name: Eager-Nash, J. K.
name: Arney, G.
name: Hebrard, E.
name: Kohary, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from 3D simulations of the Archean Earth including a prescribed (non-interactive) spherical haze generated through a 1D photochemical model. Our simulations suggest that a thin haze layer, formed when CH4/CO2 = 0.1, leads to global warming of ~10.6 K due to the change of water vapour and cloud feedback, compared to the simulation without any haze. However, a thicker haze layer, formed when CH4/CO2 > 0.1, leads to global cooling of up to ~65 K as the scattering and absorption of shortwave radiation from the haze reduces the radiation from reaching the planetary surface. A thermal inversion is formed with a lower tropopause as the CH4/CO2 ratio increases. The haze reaches an optical threshold thickness when CH4/CO2 ~ 0.175 beyond which the atmospheric structure and the global surface temperature do not vary much.
description: 30 pages, 22 figures, Accepted in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Genetic Design of Enhanced Valley Splitting towards a Spin Qubit in Silicon
Creators: name: Zhang, Lijun
name: Luo, Jun-Wei
name: Saraiva, A. L.
name: Koiller, Belita
name: Zunger, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic spins in Silicon (Si) are rising contenders for qubits -- the logical unit of quantum computation-- owing to its outstanding spin coherence properties and compatibility to standard electronics. A remarkable limitation for spin quantum computing in Si hosts is the orbital degeneracy of this material's conduction band, preventing the spin-1/2 states from being an isolated two-level system. So far available samples of Si quantum wells cladded by Ge-Si alloy barriers provide relatively small valley splitting (VS), with the order of 1 meV or less, degrading the fidelity of qubits encoded in spin "up" and "down" states in Si. Here, based on an atomically resolved pseudopotential theory, we demonstrate that ordered Ge-Si layered barriers confining a Si slab can be harnessed to enhance the VS in the active Si region by up to one order of magnitude compared to the random alloy barriers adopted so far. A biologically inspired genetic-algorithm search is employed to identify magic Ge/Si layer sequences of the superlattice barriers that isolate the electron ground state in a single valley composition with VS as large as ~9 meV. The enhanced VS is preserved with the reasonable inter-layer mixing between different species, and is interestingly "protected" even if some larger mixing occurs. Implementation of the optimized layer sequences of barriers, within reach of modern superlattice growth techniques, overcomes in a practical systematic way the main current limitations related to the orbital degeneracy, thus providing a roadmap for reliable spin-only quantum computing in Si.
description: Supplementary Material posted as a separate arXiv file
Solubilities and diffusivities of metals (Platinum, Tin) and metal-oxide (Cassiterite) in silicate melts : the effect of halogens (Cl, F) = Löslichkeit und Diffusion von Metallen (Platin, Zinn) und Metalloxid (Cassiterit) in Silikatschmelzen in Gegenwart von Halogenen (Cl, F)
Creators: name: Bhalla, Paras
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Platinum
subject: silicate melts
subject: tin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: [no abstract]
HD45314: a new gamma Cas analog among Oe stars
Creators: name: Rauw, G.
name: Naze, Y.
name: Spano, M.
name: Morel, T.
name: ud-Doula, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oe stars possibly form an extension to higher temperatures of the Be phenomenon, but it is still unclear whether these stars have disks. X-ray spectra could provide hints for interactions of the star with a putative surrounding disk. We obtained XMM-Newton observations of two Oe stars, HD45314 and HD60848. Spectra and light curves were extracted and analysed. Optical spectra were also obtained to support the X-ray observations. We find that both stars display very different X-ray properties. Whilst HD60848 has an X-ray spectrum and emission level typical for its spectral type, HD45314 displays a very hard X-ray emission, dominated by a thermal plasma with kT ~ 21 keV. Furthermore, HD45314 displays count rate variations by a factor 2 on timescales of ~ 1000s and a high log(L_X/L_bol) = -6.10 +/- 0.03. The X-ray properties of HD45314 indicate that this star is a new member of the class of gamma Cas analogs, the first one among the original category of Oe stars.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Constraining the AGN luminosity function from JWST with the X-ray Background
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, Hamsa
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the X-ray background (XRB) expected from the population of quasars detected by the JWST spectroscopic surveys over the redshift range $z \sim 4-7$. We find that the measured UV emissivities, in combination with a best-fitting quasar SED template, imply a $\sim 10$ times higher unresolved X-ray background than constrained by current experiments. We illustrate the difficulty of simultaneously matching the faint-end of the quasar luminosity function and the X-ray background constraints. We discuss possible origins and consequences of this discrepancy.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; minor typos corrected, references updated. Matches version published in ApJL
VIBE: Topic-Driven Temporal Adaptation for Twitter Classification
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuji
name: Li, Jing
name: Li, Wenjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Language features are evolving in real-world social media, resulting in the deteriorating performance of text classification in dynamics. To address this challenge, we study temporal adaptation, where models trained on past data are tested in the future. Most prior work focused on continued pretraining or knowledge updating, which may compromise their performance on noisy social media data. To tackle this issue, we reflect feature change via modeling latent topic evolution and propose a novel model, VIBE: Variational Information Bottleneck for Evolutions. Concretely, we first employ two Information Bottleneck (IB) regularizers to distinguish past and future topics. Then, the distinguished topics work as adaptive features via multi-task training with timestamp and class label prediction. In adaptive learning, VIBE utilizes retrieved unlabeled data from online streams created posterior to training data time. Substantial Twitter experiments on three classification tasks show that our model, with only 3% of data, significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art continued-pretraining methods.
description: accepted by EMNLP 2023
Apodized phase mask coronagraphs for arbitrary apertures
Creators: name: Carlotti, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase masks coronagraphs can be seen as linear systems that spatially redistribute, in the pupil plane, the energy collected by the telescope. Most of the on-axis light must ideally be rejected outside the aperture to be blocked with a Lyot stop, while almost all off-axis light must go through it. The unobstructed circular apertures of off-axis telescopes make this possible but all major telescopes are however on-axis and the performance of these coronagraphs is dramatically reduced by the central obstruction. Their performance can be restored by using an additional optimally designed apodizer that changes the amplitude in the first pupil plane so that the on-axis light is rejected outside the obstructed aperture of the telescope. The numerical optimization model is built by maximizing the apodizer's transmission while setting constraints on the extremum values of the electric field that the Lyot stop does not block. The coronagraphic image is compared to what a non-apodized phase mask coronagraph provides and an analysis is made of the trade-offs that exist between the apodizer transmission and the Lyot stop properties. The existence of a solution and the mask transmission depend on the aperture and the Lyot stop geometries, and on the constraints that are set on the on-axis attenuation. The system throughput is a concave function of the Lyot stop transmission. In the case of a VLT-like aperture, apodizers with a transmission of 0.16 to 0.92 associated with a four-quadrant phase mask provide contrast as low as a few 1e-10 at 1 lambda/D from the star. The system's maximum throughput is 0.64, for an apodizer with an 0.88 transmission and a Lyot stop with a 0.69 transmission. Optimizing apodizers for a vortex phase mask requires computation times much longer than in the previous case, and no result is presented for this mask.
description: 16 pages
Improving the management of acute agitation in the emergency department
Creators: name: Chan, Esther Wai Yin
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Health services routinely manage acute agitation. Such behaviour is especially prevalent in hospital emergency departments (EDs), and is usually secondary to mental illness and drug or alcohol intoxication. If not managed promptly, acute agitation may progress to aggression and violence, posing a risk to the safety of the individual and healthcare staff or other patients. In the ED, the goal of managing the acutely agitated patient is prevention or safe and rapid control of aggressive or violent behaviour, thereby allowing the underlying cause to be investigated and treated. There is a general consensus that management of the acutely agitated patient should commence with the least aggressive approach. This may involve de-escalation techniques or verbal intervention (talking the patient down), and the granting of requests as required. If these de-escalation techniques are not successful, the use of chemical (drug) sedation and/or physical restraints (manual and/or mechanical) may be required. The research described in this thesis focuses on the management of the acutely agitated patient for whom de-escalation techniques and/or oral drug sedation are not feasible or have been unsuccessful, thus necessitating parenteral drug sedation. Several research methodologies were employed to explore a number of important knowledge gaps in the management of acute agitation in the ED setting. The data generated will contribute towards improving the management of acute agitation through an understanding of current practice, a comparison of sedating drugs and an assessment of resource implications.
An Optical Watermarking Solution for Color Personal Identification Pictures
Creators: name: Yi-zhou, Tan
name: Hai-bo, Liu
name: Shui-hua, Huang
name: Ben-jian, Sheng
name: Zhong-ming, Pan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new approach for embedding authentication information into image on printed materials based on optical projection technique. Our experimental setup consists of two parts, one is a common camera, and the other is a LCD projector, which project a pattern on personnel's body (especially on the face). The pattern, generated by a computer, act as the illumination light source with sinusoidal distribution and it is also the watermark signal. For a color image, the watermark is embedded into the blue channel. While we take pictures (256 *256 and 512*512, 567*390 pixels, respectively), an invisible mark is embedded directly into magnitude oefficients of Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) at exposure moment. Both optical an d digital correlation is suitable for detection of this type of watermark. The decoded watermark is a set of concentric circles or sectors in the DFT domain (middle frequencies region) which is robust to photographing, printing and scanning. The unlawful people modify or replace the original photograph, and make fake passport (drivers' license and so on). Experiments show, it is difficult to forge certificates in which a watermark was embedded by our projector-camera combination based on analogue watermark method rather than classical digital method.
An observation on n-permutability
Creators: name: Martins-Ferreira, Nelson
name: Rodelo, Diana
name: Van der Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 08C05, 18C10, 18B99, 18E10

description: We prove that in a regular category all reflexive and transitive relations are symmetric if and only if every internal category is an internal groupoid. In particular, these conditions hold when the category is n-permutable for some n.
description: 6 pages
CRISPR Library Screening Service
Creators: name: Garcia, Brandy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Creative Biogene CRISPR/Cas9 PlatformCB provides comprehensive CRISPR library screening services. Our service covers from screen design and cell line selection to bioinformatics analysis of screen results. With experienced scientists, we have established three screening platforms, CRISPR knockout screening, CRISPRa and CRISPRi screening. To meet different needs, we have developed multiple assays to assess gene function. Our screening service can significantly assist customers in drug development by offering high-quality and high-confidence results.
Additional file 1 of Reviewing the current state of virtual reality integration in medical education – a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Mergen, Marvin
name: Meyerheim, Marcel
name: Graf, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist.
New Lower Bounds for Constant Dimension Codes
Creators: name: Silberstein, Natalia
name: Trautmann, Anna-Lena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides new constructive lower bounds for constant dimension codes, using different techniques such as Ferrers diagram rank metric codes and pending blocks. Constructions for two families of parameters of constant dimension codes are presented. The examples of codes obtained by these constructions are the largest known constant dimension codes for the given parameters.
Non-linear swept frequency technique for CO2 measurements using a CW laser system
Creators: name: Campbell, Joel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system using a non-linear multi-swept sine wave system is described which employs a multi-channel, multi-swept orthogonal waves, to separate channels and make multiple, simultaneous online/offline CO2 measurements. An analytic expression and systematic method for determining the orthogonal frequencies for the unswept, linear swept and non-linear swept cases is presented. It is shown that one may reduce sidelobes of the autocorrelation function while preserving cross channel orthogonality, for thin cloud rejection.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Applied Optics on 03/06/2013
Solution to the conflict between the resolved and unresolved galaxy stellar mass estimation from the perspective of JWST
Creators: name: Song, Jie
name: Fang, GuanWen
name: Lin, Zesen
name: Gu, Yizhou
name: Kong, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By utilizing the spatially-resolved photometry of galaxies at $0.2
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ
Spatio-temporal reconstruction of satellite-based temperature maps and their application to the prediction of tick and mosquito disease vector distribution in Northern Italy
Creators: name: Neteler, Markus Georg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Satellite remote sensing
subject: disease vector modelling
subject: GIS modelling
subject: time series processing
subject: land surface temperature
subject: MODIS sensor
subject: spatio-temporal temperature modelling
subject: Ixodes ricinus tick
subject: Aedes albopictus mosquito
subject: Satellitenfernerkundung
subject: Modellierung von Krankheitsvektoren
subject: GIS Modellierung
subject: Zeitreihenprozessierung
subject: Landoberflächentemperatur
subject: raum-zeitliche Temperaturmodellierung
subject: Ixodes ricinus Zecke
subject: Aedes albopictus Stechmücke
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: [no abstract]
Stellar Populations in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Bono, G.
name: Matsunaga, N.
name: Inno, L.
name: Lagioia, E. P.
name: Genovali, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the stellar content of the Galactic Center, and in particular, recent estimates of the star formation rate (SFR). We discuss pros and cons of the different stellar tracers and focus our attention on the SFR based on the three classical Cepheids recently discovered in the Galactic Center. We also discuss stellar populations in field and cluster stars and present some preliminary results based on near-infrared photometry of a field centered on the young massive cluster Arches. We also provide a new estimate of the true distance modulus to the Galactic Center and we found 14.49$\pm$0.02(standard)$\pm$0.10(systematic) mag (7.91$\pm0.08\pm0.40$ kpc). Current estimate agrees quite well with similar photometric and kinematic distance determinations available in the literature. We also discuss the metallicity gradient of the thin disk and the sharp change in the slope when moving across the edge of the inner disk, the Galactic Bar and the Galactic Center. The difference becomes even more compelling if we take into account that metal abundances are based on young stellar tracers (classical Cepheids, Red Supergiants, Luminous Blue Variables). Finally, we briefly outline the possible mechanisms that might account for current empirical evidence.
description: To be published in the Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
Can comets deliver prebiotic molecules to rocky exoplanets?
Creators: name: Anslow, Richard J.
name: Bonsor, Amy
name: Rimmer, Paul B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider the potential of cometary impacts to deliver complex organic molecules and the prebiotic building blocks required for life to rocky exoplanets. Numerical experiments have demonstrated that for these molecules to survive, impacts at very low velocities are required. This work shows that for comets scattered from beyond the snow-line into the habitable zone, the minimum impact velocity is always lower for planets orbiting Solar-type stars than M-dwarfs. Using both an analytical model and numerical N-body simulations, we show that the lowest velocity impacts occur onto planets in tightly-packed planetary systems around high-mass (i.e. Solar-mass) stars, enabling the intact delivery of complex organic molecules. Impacts onto planets around low-mass stars are found to be very sensitive to the planetary architecture, with the survival of complex prebiotic molecules potentially impossible in loosely-packed systems. Rocky planets around M-dwarfs also suffer significantly more high velocity impacts, potentially posing unique challenges for life on these planets. In the scenario that cometary delivery is important for the origins of life, this study predicts the presence of biosignatures will be correlated with i) decreasing planetary mass (i.e. escape velocity), ii) increasing stellar-mass, and iii) decreasing planetary separation (i.e. exoplanets in tightly-packed systems).
description: Accepted by Proceedings A of the Royal Society. 17 pages, 5 figures