cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase transitions in strongly coupled 3d Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature
Creators: name: Borisenko, O.
name: Chelnokov, V.
name: Cortese, G.
name: Fiore, R.
name: Gravina, M.
name: Papa, A.
name: Surzhikov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an analytical and numerical study of the phase transitions in three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature for N>4 exploiting equivalence of these models with a generalized version of the two-dimensional vector Potts models in the limit of vanishing spatial coupling. In this limit the Polyakov loops play the role of Z(N) spins. The effective couplings of these two-dimensional spin models are calculated explicitly. It is argued that the effective spin models have two phase transitions of BKT type. This is confirmed by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations. Using a cluster algorithm we locate the position of the critical points and study the critical behavior across both phase transitions in details. In particular, we determine various critical indices, compute the helicity modulus, the average action and the specific heat. A scaling formula for the critical points with N is proposed.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, 12 tables; version to appear on Phys. Rev. E
Academic Agency and Leadership in Tourism Higher Education
Creators: name: Dredge, D
name: Schott, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 3902
subject: Education policy, sociology and philosophy
classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 3508
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education
classificationCode: 3507
subject: Strategy, management and organisational behaviour

description: This article explores the leadership agency of tourism faculty in higher education and recommends actions to enhance leadership for social change. Based on a review of literature grounded within an agency perspective, a conceptual framework is presented that identifies systemic and individual influences on leadership. Three types of freedom for faculty to engage in leadership behaviors arise: (1) the capacity of the individual to lead; (2) the freedom afforded by the organizational context to lead in accordance with one's capacity to lead; and (3) the social freedom to lead derived from each faculty member's disciplinary and departmental norms and structures. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
DEP Bulletin:Volume 38 Issue 11
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
"BIR MAKON, BIR YO'L" LOYIHASINING MARKAZIY OSIYOGA MANFAATLI VA SALBIY TA'SIRI
Creators: name: Zokirova, Sayyora
name: Ergasheva, Zulfizar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: BRI, ya'ni Belt and Road Initiative, ingliz tilidan tarjima qilganda Kamar va Yo'l loyihasi, ko'pincha One Belt One Road ( Bir makon, bir yo'l loyihasi ) deb ataladi. Loyiha Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi tomonidan tashkil qilingan bo'lib, Osiyo davlatlarini Afrika va Yevropa davlatlari bilan bog'laydigan, a'zo davlatlar iqtisodiy rivojlanish va mintaqaviy birdamligini qo'llab-quvvatlaydigan loyiha hisoblanadi. Loyihani tashkil qilish g'oyasi birinchi marotaba 2013-yilda Xitoy Prezidenti Xi Jinping tomonidan Qozog'istonga qilgan tashrifi davomida taklif qilingan.  Osiyo davlatlari "Bir makon, bir yo'l" loyihasining muhim va ajralmas qismi sifatida qaraladi. Loyihaga Xi Jinping 2000 yil avval Xitoyda Xan sulolasi tomonidan qurilgan, bir necha asrlar mobaynida Xitoyni Yevroosiyo orqali O'rtayer hududlari bilan bog'lagan asosiy savdo yo'li—Buyuk Ipak yo'li g'oyasidan ilhomlanib asos solgan. 2020-yil mart oyidan buyon BRI loyihasiga 138 ta davlat a'zo bo'lgan. Xitoy BRI loyihasini Osiyo qit'asida o'z o'rni va chegaralarini saqlab qolish sifatida juda muhim omil deb biladi. Loyiha yordamida Osiyo hududidagi 15ta davlat bilan iqtisodiy aloqalar o'rnatilgan. Ushbu maqolada "Bir makon, bir yo'l" loyihasining Markaziy Osiyoga, xususan O'zbekistonga keltiradigan ijobiy va salbiy taraflari hamda turli davlatlarda amalga oshirgan ba'zi loyihalari yoritiladi.
Counterexamples in 4-manifold topology
Creators: name: Kasprowski, Daniel
name: Powell, Mark
name: Ray, Arunima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K40

description: We illustrate the rich landscape of 4-manifold topology through the lens of counterexamples. We consider several of the most commonly studied equivalence relations on 4-manifolds and how they are related to one another. We explain implications e.g. that $h$-cobordant manifolds are stably homeomorphic, and we provide examples illustrating the failure of other potential implications. The information is conveniently organised in a flowchart and a table.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; in v2, we have made several changes in response to a referee report, including writing a more detailed introduction, adding more details about the surgery exact sequence, uniformising the structure of the subsections describing counterexamples, and adding Proposition 5.6. This is the version published in EMS Surveys
Mixed Reality Interfaces for Augmented Text and Speech
Creators: name: Jadon, Shivesh Singh
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: augmented reality
subject: natural language processing
subject: speech recognition
subject: keyword extraction
subject: mixed reality
subject: Computer Science

description: While technology plays a vital role in human communication, there still remain many significant challenges when using them in everyday life. Modern computing technologies, such as smartphones, offer convenient and swift access to information, facilitating tasks like reading documents or communicating with friends. However, these tools frequently lack adaptability, become distracting, consume excessive time, and impede interactions with people and contextual information. Furthermore, they often require numerous steps and significant time investment to gather pertinent information. We want to explore an efficient process of contextual information gathering for mixed reality (MR) interfaces that provide information directly in the user’s view. This approach allows for a seamless and flexible transition between language and subsequent contextual references, without disrupting the flow of communication. ’Augmented Language’ can be defined as the integration of language and communication with mixed reality to enhance, transform, or manipulate language-related aspects and various forms of linguistic augmentations (such as annotation/referencing, aiding social interactions, translation, localization, etc.). In this thesis, our broad objective is to explore mixed reality interfaces and their potential to enhance augmented language, particularly in the domains of speech and text. Our aim is to create interfaces that offer a more natural, generalizable, on-demand, and real-time experience of accessing contextually relevant information and providing adaptive interactions. To better address this broader objective, we systematically break it down to focus on two instances of augmented language. First, enhancing augmented conversation to support on-the-fly, co-located in-person conversations using embedded references. And second, enhancing digital and physical documents using MR to provide on-demand reading support in the form of different summarization techniques. To examine the effectiveness of these speech and text interfaces, we conducted two studies in which we asked the participants to evaluate our system prototype in different use cases. The exploratory usability study for the first exploration confirms that our system decreases distraction and friction in conversation compared to smartphone search while providing highly useful and relevant information. For the second project, we conducted an exploratory design workshop to identify categories of document enhancements. We later conducted a user study with a mixed-reality prototype to highlight five board themes to discuss the benefits of MR document enhancement.
Additional file 1 of Small RNA profiling for identification of microRNAs involved in regulation of seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Ruan, Chengjiang
name: Bao, Aomin
name: Li, He
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Distribution of small RNAs among different categories in HO yellowhorn.
Machine learning aided atomic structure identification of interfacial ionic hydrates from atomic force microscopy images
Creators: name: Tang, Binze
name: Song, Yizhi
name: Qin, Mian
name: Tian, Ye
name: Cao, Duanyun
name: Wu, Zhen Wei
name: Jiang, Ying
name: Xu, Limei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relevant to broad applied fields and natural processes, interfacial ionic hydrates has been widely studied by ultrahigh-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). However, the complex relationship between AFM signal and the investigated system makes it difficult to determine the atomic structure of such complex system from AFM images alone. Using machine learning, we achieved precise identification of the atomic structures of interfacial water/ionic hydrates based on AFM images, including the position of each atom and the orientation of water molecules. Furthermore, it was found that structure prediction of ionic hydrates can be achieved cost-effectively by transfer learning using neural network (NN) trained with easily available interfacial water data. Thus, this work provides an efficient and economical methodology which not only opens up avenues to determine atomic structures of more complex systems from AFM images, but may also help to interpret other science-wide studies involving sophisticated experimental results.
description: This is an article accepted for publication in National Science Review. The version of record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwac282
Prepping the cut : caesarean section scenarios in English Canada, 1945-1970
Creators: name: Mennill, Sally Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: At the beginning of the 21st century, Canadian public debates about caesarean section centre on the relative agency of mothers and medical professionals in choosing the preferred birthing method. A 2006 study at the University of British Columbia aims to determine why the Pacific has the highest caesarean rate in the country. According to its authors, BC’s rate is 27% despite the World Health Organization’s advocacy of a rate between 10 and 15 percent. The highlighting of this discrepancy in the pages of the popular Vancouver Sun typifies the public concern that today so commonly echoes professional unease. Sandwiched between the era of development and professionalization – 1900 to 1950 – explored in Mitchinson’s critical chapter on c-sections, and the widespread acceptance that occurred in the 1970s and beyond, lie the often overlooked years, 1945-1970, which first saw c-sections solidified in treatment and entrenched in medical and social discourses. At the end of WWII, Canadian mothers and medical professionals were about to embark on a quarter-of-a-century consideration of how reduction of risk in c-sections could contribute to positive outcomes. This dissertation examines the social, technological, professional, and discursive factors that converged throughout the post-war period in Canada, arguing that medical technological developments of this time period coupled with developments in the professionalization of obstetrics, the substantial broadening of state health infrastructure post-WWII, and a significant shift in ideological constructions of motherhood according to white, middle-class standards contributed to an increased comfort with the practice of caesarean section.
A Scalable Port-Hamiltonian Approach to Plug-and-Play Voltage Stabilization in DC Microgrids
Creators: name: Strehle, Felix
name: Pfeifer, Martin
name: Krebs, Stefan
name: Hohmann, Sören
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: voltage stabilization
DC microgrids
plug-and-play
scalable control
port-Hamiltonian systems
passivity-based control
integral action

description: One of the major challenges of voltage stabilization in DC microgrids are the large system scale and multiple interacting components. In recent publications, this has been addressed by a scalable and decentralized control design method referred to as plug-and-play. In contrast to the existing approaches, the method presented in this paper does not require the proposition of a Lyapunov function for control design and subsequent stability analysis, and can handle unknown loads (disturbances). It is based on passivity techniques, namely interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC), and port-Hamiltonian systems (PHSs). The Hamiltonian being a byproduct of the modeling step, serves as natural Lyapunov function in our approach, which obviates the proposition step. An extension of the controller
with integral action (IA) robustiﬁes the design against unknown loads. A simulation which illustrates the functionality of the proposed voltage controller concludes our contribution.
High-accuracy optical clock based on the octupole transition in 171Yb+
Creators: name: Huntemann, N.
name: Okhapkin, M.
name: Lipphardt, B.
name: Weyers, S.
name: Tamm, Chr.
name: Peik, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate an optical frequency standard based on the 467 nm (642 THz) electric-octupole reference transition 2S1/2(F=0) -> F7/2(F=3) in a single trapped 171Yb+ ion. The extraordinary features of this transition result from the long natural lifetime and from the 4f136s2 configuration of the upper state. The electric quadrupole moment of the 2F7/2 state is measured as -0.041(5) e(a0)^2, where e is the elementary charge and a0 the Bohr radius. We also obtain information on the differential scalar and tensorial components of the static polarizability and of the probe light induced ac Stark shift of the octupole transition. With a real-time extrapolation scheme that eliminates this shift, the unperturbed transition frequency is realized with a fractional uncertainty of 7.1x10^(-17). The frequency is measured as 642 121 496 772 645.15(52) Hz.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Observing and braiding topological Majorana modes on programmable quantum simulators
Creators: name: Harle, Nikhil
name: Shtanko, Oles
name: Movassagh, Ramis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons are indivisible elementary particles, yet paradoxically a collection of them can act as a fraction of a single electron, exhibiting exotic and useful properties. One such collective excitation, known as a topological Majorana mode, is naturally stable against perturbations, such as unwanted local noise, and can thereby robustly store quantum information. As such, Majorana modes serve as the basic primitive of topological quantum computing, providing resilience to errors. However, their demonstration on quantum hardware has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate a verifiable identification and braiding of topological Majorana modes using a superconducting quantum processor as a quantum simulator. By simulating fermions on a one-dimensional lattice subject to a periodic drive, we confirm the existence of Majorana modes localized at the edges, and distinguish them from other trivial modes. To simulate a basic logical operation of topological quantum computing known as braiding, we propose a non-adiabatic technique, whose implementation reveals correct braiding statistics in our experiments. This work could further be used to study topological models of matter using circuit-based simulations, and shows that long-sought quantum phenomena can be realized by anyone in cloud-run quantum simulations, whereby accelerating fundamental discoveries in quantum science and technology.
description: 6 pages (main text)+ 9 pages (supplementary); 6 figures
Changing in place : a generational study of a mixed indigenous family in the Okanagan
Creators: name: Legault, Gabrielle Monique
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The archaeological study of colonization has largely been conducted from an Anglo-Eurocentric perspective and until recently has failed to acknowledge the perspectives of indigenous peoples. Within the Okanagan region and the rest of British Columbia, people of indigenous ancestry have historically experienced dispossession, discrimination and colonial intervention. To give voice to these experiences, this study examines the experiences of the Okanagan’s historic McDougall family during the period of 1859-1905. This research examines the genealogy of the McDougalls, whose heritage can be considered to be Scottish, Syilx, Secwepemc and Métis, evaluating the extent to which their social and kin networks were shaped by current dominant ideologies that increasingly emphasized the racialization and depreciation of mixed indigenous peoples. Furthermore, following Glassie’s (1975) approach to studying vernacular architecture, five structures built by John and David McDougall are examined as symbolic expressions of ethnic identities. Structural and stylistic changes indicate a shift in indigenous identity and are also suggestive of a transforming external environment. Under the pressures of assimilation, the McDougalls were forced to depart from the liminal spaces of a mixed identity.
Guest Editors' Note: Leadership for Transformation in Tourism Education
Creators: name: Schott, Christian
name: Gretzel, U
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 3508
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: No description supplied
A Sensory Feedback Control Law for Octopus Arm Movements
Creators: name: Wang, Tixian
name: Halder, Udit
name: Gribkova, Ekaterina
name: Gillette, Rhanor
name: Gazzola, Mattia
name: Mehta, Prashant G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main contribution of this paper is a novel sensory feedback control law for an octopus arm. The control law is inspired by, and helps integrate, several observations made by biologists. The proposed control law is distinct from prior work which has mainly focused on open-loop control strategies. Several analytical results are described including characterization of the equilibrium and its stability analysis. Numerical simulations demonstrate life-like motion of the soft octopus arm, qualitatively matching behavioral experiments. Quantitative comparison with bend propagation experiments helps provide the first explanation of such canonical motion using a sensory feedback control law. Several remarks are included that help draw parallels with natural pursuit strategies such as motion camouflage or classical pursuit.
A Compact ADI Finite Difference Method for 2D Reaction-Diffusion Equations with Variable Diffusion Coefficients
Creators: name: He, Mingyu
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Reaction-diffusion systems on a spatially heterogeneous domain have been widely used to model various biological applications. However, it is rarely possible to solve such partial differential equations (PDEs) analytically. Therefore, efficient and accurate numerical methods for solving such PDEs are desired. In this paper, we apply the well-known Pad\'{e} approximation-based operator splitting (ADI) scheme. The new scheme is compact and fourth-order accurate in space. Combined with the Richardson extrapolation, the method can be improved to fourth-order accurate in time. Stability analysis shows that the method is unconditionally stable; thus, a large time step can be used to improve the overall computational efficiency further, Numerical examples have also demonstrated the new scheme's high efficiency and high-order accuracy.
title: Orbital Reveries
Creators: name: Carter, Richard
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: This visual essay documents the author’s developing artistic project Orbital Reveries. This project involves the generation of diagrammatic 'textscapes', which emerge from a combination of terrestrial satellite imagery, machine vision analysis, and procedural text algorithms. Orbital Reveries is a meditation on speculative modes of digital environmental sensing and sense-making, exploring how it can reveal the transforming contexts, entanglements, aporia, and potentialities of a rapidly changing world.
Fluid dynamical equations and transport coefficients of relativistic gases with non-extensive statistics
Creators: name: Biro, T. S.
name: Molnar, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive equations for fluid dynamics from a non-extensive Boltzmann transport equation consistent with Tsallis' non-extensive entropy formula. We evaluate transport coefficients employing the relaxation time approximation and investigate non-extensive effects in leading order dissipative phenomena at relativistic energies, like heat conductivity, shear and bulk viscosity.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Some small corrections in the text and in the first figure caption; accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Quantum quasi-Lie systems: properties and applications
Creators: name: Cariñena, J. F.
name: de Lucas, J.
name: Sardón, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46N50, 34A36 (primary), 35Q40, 47D03, 58Z05 (secondary)

description: A Lie system is a non-autonomous system of ordinary differential equations describing the integral curves of a $t$-dependent vector field taking values in a finite-dimensional Lie algebra of vector fields. Lie systems have been generalised in the literature to deal with $t$-dependent Schrödinger equations determined by a particular class of $t$-dependent Hamiltonian operators, the quantum Lie systems, and other differential equations through the so-called quasi-Lie schemes. This work extends quasi-Lie schemes and quantum Lie systems to cope with $t$-dependent Schrödinger equations associated with the here called quantum quasi-Lie systems. To illustrate our methods, we propose and study a quantum analogue of the classical nonlinear oscillator searched by Perelomov and we analyse a quantum one-dimensional fluid in a trapping potential along with quantum $t$-dependent Smorodinsky--Winternitz oscillators.
Jeans analysis of self-gravitating systems in f(R)-gravity
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: De Laurentis, M.
name: De Martino, I.
name: Formisano, M.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics and collapse of collisionless self-gravitating systems is described by the coupled collisionless Boltzmann and Poisson equations derived from $f(R)$-gravity in the weak field approximation. Specifically, we describe a system at equilibrium by a time-independent distribution function $f_0(x,v)$ and two potentials $Φ_0(x)$ and $Ψ_0(x)$ solutions of the modified Poisson and collisionless Boltzmann equations. Considering a small perturbation from the equilibrium and linearizing the field equations, it can be obtained a dispersion relation. A dispersion equation is achieved for neutral dust-particle systems where a generalized Jeans wave-number is obtained. This analysis gives rise to unstable modes not present in the standard Jeans analysis (derived assuming Newtonian gravity as weak filed limit of $f(R)=R$). In this perspective, we discuss several self-gravitating astrophysical systems whose dynamics could be fully addressed in the framework of $f(R)$-gravity.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in PRD
Synthesis and Use of Selenonic Acids as Epoxidation Catalysts and Mechanistic Investigation of the Antioxidant Drug Ebselen
Creators: name: Sands, Kai Neil
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Organoselenium chemistry
subject: Antioxidants
subject: Ebselen
subject: Selenonic acids
subject: Oxidation
subject: Epoxidation
subject: Peroxides
subject: Benzeneperoxyselenonic aicd
subject: Benzeneperoxyseleninic acid
subject: Chemistry--Organic

description: Selenium and selenium dioxide have long been known to effect the oxidation of organic substrates, first appearing in the early 20th century as a method of dehydrogenating hydrocarbons. Little progress was made in the use of organoselenium reagents in organic synthesis until the early 1970’s when the selenoxide syn-elimination was shown to be a general method for the installation of double bonds. This reinvigorated the field of organoselenium chemistry, and over the ensuing decade several new selenium-mediated oxidations were developed, including the epoxidation and dihydroxylation of alkenes, Baeyer-Villiger oxidations and the oxidation of phenols to quinones. Many studies of these reactions have invoked a peroxyseleninic acid as the active oxidant, though little evidence was provided at the time to support these claims. Contrary to these early reports, we found that the peroxyseleninic acid is a relatively poor epoxidizing agent due to its facile decomposition to a mixed selenonium-selenonate salt. This salt is stable in the solid state, but generates the corresponding selenonic acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The selenonic acid itself is inactive towards epoxidations; however, in the presence of excess peroxide, rapid epoxidation occurs. This shows that the selenonic acid must be further activated, presumably to the benzeneperoxyselenonic acid. Although selenonic acids were first reported more than a century ago, they have been studied far less frequently and have found little application as synthetic reagents when compared to their seleninic acid analogues. This is in large part due to difficulties in their preparation and characterization, which led to errors in their structure identification in earlier work. Given the newfound importance of selenonic acids in oxidation reactions, a new protocol for the efficient and expedient synthesis of selenonic acids was needed. This was achieved in a one-pot reaction starting from readily available aryl bromides to furnish a range of aryl selenonic acids bearing electron-donating and -withdrawing groups in good to high yields. Finally, organoselenium compounds can mimic the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells against oxidative stress by reducing peroxides in the presence of the tripeptide thiol glutathione. Ebselen is arguably the most studied such mimetic; however, there is still considerable uncertainty in its mechanism of action. The final portion of this thesis is a systematic reinvestigation of several key reactions of the proposed catalytic cycles in order to gain further insight into its mechanism which may allow for the design of better glutathione peroxidase mimetics.
Single slepton production associated with a top quark at LHC in NLO QCD
Creators: name: Xiao-Peng, Li
name: Lei, Guo
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Liang, Han
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Shao-Ming, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single slepton production in association with a top quark at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the important processes in probing the R-parity violation couplings. We calculate the QCD next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the $pp \to t\slep^{-}(\bar{t}\slep^{+})+X$ process at the LHC and discuss the impacts of the QCD corrections on kinematic distributions. We investigate the dependence of the leading order (LO) and the NLO QCD corrected integrated cross section on the factorization/renormalization energy scale, slepton, stop-quark and gluino masses. We find that the uncertainty of the LO cross section due to the energy scale is obviously improved by the NLO QCD corrections, and the exclusive jet event selection scheme keeps the convergence of the perturbative series better than the inclusive scheme. The results show that the polarization asymmetry of the top-quark will be reduced by the NLO QCD corrections, and the QCD corrections generally increase with the increment of the $\tilde{t}_1$ or $\tilde{g}$ mass value.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures, published version of EPJC
Multiplicity in restricting minimal representations
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E46, 22E45, 53D50, 58J42, 53C50

description: We discuss the action of a subgroup on small nilpotent orbits, and prove a bounded multiplicity property for the restriction of minimal representations of real reductive Lie groups with respect to arbitrary reductive symmetric pairs.
description: 23 pages
TOHIR MALIKNING "SHAYTANAT" ROMANI QAHRAMONLARI TAHLILI VA ASARNING JAMIYATGA TA'SIRI
Creators: name: G'ayibov, Xurzodbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada Tohir Malikning "Shaytanat" romanining asosiy qahramonlari va ular atrofida ro'y bergan voqealar badiiy va ijtimoiy  jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Qolaversa, obrazlardagi xususiyatlarning jamiyatimiz hayoti bilan bog'liqlilik darajasi o'rganiladi.
The Role of Quaternary Structure Organization in Prion Strain Selection and Adaptation
Creators: name: Chang, Sheng Chun
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: prion
subject: transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
subject: protein quaternary structure
subject: chronic wasting disease
subject: CWD
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Veterinary Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Prion diseases are fatal and infectious neurodegenerative diseases caused by the misfolded, protease-resistant, and aggregated prion protein isoform, PrPSc. Unlike conventional pathogens, the propagation of prions does not depend on the replication of genetic material, but different cases of infection can lead to PrPSc adopting specific conformations resulting in different and stably transmissible phenotypic properties that are, by definition, the determinants of different strains. The distribution of PrPSc quaternary structure has previously been determined to vary across prion strains, and different PrPSc aggregate assemblies in turn harbour varying levels of infectivity. We were interested in determining how PrPSc aggregate size modulate strain properties and how these properties are affected by different inoculation routes, specifically in comparing peripheral versus intracerebral infection. Using in vivo murine models, we explored prion disease pathogenesis and strain selection upon inoculation of different PrPSc protein quaternary structures or prion strains. Transgenic mice overexpressing cervid prion protein inoculated with different elk chronic wasting disease PrPSc fractions exhibited strikingly different survival times and disease phenotypes, including variations in the prion biochemical, neuropathological, and biophysical profiles; interestingly, these properties converged upon passaging, though not the differing clinical signs. Gene-targeted mice expressing the cervid prion protein at physiological levels infected with CWD prions either directly into the brain or from the periphery resulted in different biochemical and neuropathological properties, notably with a converging conformational profile among the peripherally inoculated group. Similar observations were recorded where animals peripherally inoculated with CWD prion aggregates exhibited markedly reduced variations in survival times compared to infection directly into the brain. These results indicate that the direct selection of PrPSc conformers, or PrPSc conformational mutation, is likely to occur in the presence of a barrier interfering with the ideal replication setting as adaptation under a more restrictive set of circumstances takes place. This research demonstrates the intricacies of prion strain selection and adaptation that would provide novel insight into future investigations of the evolution and emergence of prion strains.
DRONLAR YORDAMIDA QISHLOQ XO'JALIGINI RAQAMLASHTIRISH VA MONITORING QILISH
Creators: name: Qodirov, Farrux
name: Turayeva, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Zamonaviy texnologiyalar va internetning jadal rivojlanishi bilan elektron tijorat (e-commerce) platformalari har bir sohada, jumladan, qishloq xo'jaligi mahsulotlari bozori va ekologik toza mahsulotlar savdosida katta o'rin egalladi. Elektron tijorat orqali ekologik toza qishloq mahsulotlarini sotish, iste'molchilarga sog'lom va ekologik toza mahsulotlarni oson yetkazib berish imkoniyatini yaratadi. Ushbu maqolada elektron tijorat platformalarining ekologik toza qishloq mahsulotlari bozoriga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi.
Expressivity of Variational Quantum Machine Learning on the Boolean Cube
Creators: name: Herman, Dylan
name: Raymond, Rudy
name: Li, Muyuan
name: Robles, Nicolas
name: Mezzacapo, Antonio
name: Pistoia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Categorical data plays an important part in machine learning research and appears in a variety of applications. Models that can express large classes of real-valued functions on the Boolean cube are useful for problems involving discrete-valued data types, including those which are not Boolean. To this date, the commonly used schemes for embedding classical data into variational quantum machine learning models encode continuous values. Here we investigate quantum embeddings for encoding Boolean-valued data into parameterized quantum circuits used for machine learning tasks. We narrow down representability conditions for functions on the $n$-dimensional Boolean cube with respect to previously known results, using two quantum embeddings: a phase embedding and an embedding based on quantum random access codes. We show that for any real-valued function on the $n$-dimensional Boolean cube, there exists a variational linear quantum model based on a phase embedding using $n$ qubits that can represent it and an ensemble of such models using $d < n$ qubits that can express any function with degree at most $d$. Additionally, we prove that variational linear quantum models that use the quantum random access code embedding can express functions on the Boolean cube with degree $ d\leq \lceil\frac{n}{3}\rceil$ using $\lceil\frac{n}{3}\rceil$ qubits, and that an ensemble of such models can represent any function on the Boolean cube with degree $ d\leq \lceil\frac{n}{3}\rceil$. Furthermore, we discuss the potential benefits of each embedding and the impact of serial repetitions. Lastly, we demonstrate the use of the embeddings presented by performing numerical simulations and experiments on IBM quantum processors using the Qiskit machine learning framework.
Entropy-based Tuning of Musical Instruments
Creators: name: Hinrichsen, Haye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The human sense of hearing perceives a combination of sounds 'in tune' if the corresponding harmonic spectra are correlated, meaning that the neuronal excitation pattern in the inner ear exhibits some kind of order. Based on this observation it is suggested that musical instruments such as pianos can be tuned by minimizing the Shannon entropy of suitably preprocessed Fourier spectra. This method reproduces not only the correct stretch curve but also similar pitch fluctuations as in the case of high-quality aural tuning.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Figure data Xu, Morton et al. 2024-Interlaminar information flow
Creators: name: Xu, Xize
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified

description: Figure data from Xize Xu, Mitchell P. Morton, Sachira Denagamage, Nyomi V. Hudson, Anirvan S. Nandy, Monika P. Jadi, Spatial context non-uniformly modulates inter-laminar information flow in the primary visual cortex.
Kinematics and dynamics in noninertial quantum frames of reference
Creators: name: Angelo, R. M.
name: Ribeiro, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the principle that there is no absolute description of a physical state, we advance the approach according to which one should be able to describe the physics from the perspective of a quantum particle. The kinematics seen from this frame of reference is shown to be rather unconventional. In particular, we discuss several subtleties emerging in the relative formulation of central notions such as vector states, the classical limit, entanglement, uncertainty relations, and the complementary principle. A Hamiltonian formulation is derived as well which correctly encapsulates effects of fictitious forces associated with the accelerated motion of the frame. Our approach shows, therefore, how to formulate nonrelativistic quantum mechanics within noninertial reference frames which can be consistently described by the theory, with no appeal to classical elements.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, published version
The Role of Design Considerations in Life Cycle Sustainability Performance of Water and Carbon: A Case Study of Shamsabad Industrial Park
Creators: name: Hajizarghani, Maryam
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: eco-industrial park
subject: industrial ecology
subject: industrial symbiosis
subject: circular economy
subject: life cycle assessment
subject: water and carbon footprint
subject: design consideration
subject: Iran
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Transforming Industrial Park (IP) into Eco-industrial Park (EIP) has been recognized as an effective way to address environmental, social, and economic problems arising from industrial development. Iran requires considerable efforts to develop EIPs to address environmental challenges, such as water scarcity, carbon emission, and waste production. In this regard, special-case frameworks which present a set of design considerations and straightforward steps for the transition of IPs into EIPs are essential to address the environmental problems and achieve maximal benefits economically, environmentally, and socially. This research aims to develop a framework based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and local legal and regulatory factors analysis, to serve as a guideline for stakeholders and decision-makers during the first stages of developing new EIPs. It adopts a mixed-method approach to form industrial symbiosis for reducing the environmental impacts of the Shamsabad IP, which is set to be transformed into an EIP. Also, it proposes strategic solutions for improving the effectiveness of the policies, regulations and plans promoting the development of the EIP and its sustainable performance. The strategic solutions include increasing penalties and taxes, designing programs for strategic investment technologies and committees, and developing programs to raise awareness of EIPs. The outputs of various stages of this study comprise (1) enterprises forming the new EIP and exchange flow types among them, (2) impact analyses of the materials and processes of Behnoush food packaging systems on the water and carbon life cycle using LCA, and (3) laws, policies, regulations, plans and programs which guarantee the establishment and future sustainable performance of the EIP.
Simulation of microwave and semiconductor laser structures including absorbing boundary conditions
Creators: name: Hebermehl, Georg
name: Hübner, Friedrich-Karl
name: Schlundt, Rainer
name: Tischler, Thorsten
name: Zscheile, Horst
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Microwave device
subject: Semiconductor Laser
subject: Simulation
subject: Maxwell's equations
subject: PML boundary condition
subject: Eigenvalue problem
subject: Linear algebraic equations
subject: 35Q60
subject: 65N22
subject: 65F15
subject: 65F10

description: The transmission properties of microwave and optical structures can be described in terms of their scattering matrix using a three-dimensional boundary value problem for Maxwell's equations. The computational domain is truncated by electric or magnetic walls, open structures are treated using the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) Absorbing Boundary Condition. The boundary value problem is solved by a finite-volume scheme. This results in a two-step procedure: an eigenvalue problem for general complex matrices and the solution of a large-scale system of linear equations with indefinite symmetric complex matrices. The modes of smallest attenuation are located in a longsome region bounded by two parabolas, and are found solving a sequence of eigenvalue problems of modified matrices. To reduce the execution times a coarse and a fine grid, and two levels of parallelization can be used. For the computation of the discrete grid equations, advanced preconditioning techniques are applied to reduce the dimension and the number of iterations solving the large-scale systems of linear algebraic equations. These matrix problems need to be solved repeatedly for different right-hand sides, but with the same coefficient matrix. The used block quasi-minimal residual algorithm is a block Krylov subspace iterative method that incorporates deflation to delete linearly and almost linearly dependent vectors in the block Krylov sequences. Special attention is paid to the PML which causes significantly increased number of iterations within Krylov subspace methods.
A Multi-Channel THz and Infrared Spectrometer for Femtosecond Electron Bunch Diagnostics by Single-Shot Spectroscopy of Coherent Radiation
Creators: name: Wesch, S.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Behrens, C.
name: Delsim-Hashemi, H.
name: Schmüser, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high peak current required in free-electron lasers (FELs) is realized by longitudinal compression of the electron bunches to sub-picosecond length. In this paper, a frequency-domain diagnostic method is described that is capable of resolving structures in the femtosecond regime. A novel in-vacuum spectrometer has been developed for spectroscopy of coherent radiation in the THz and infrared range. The spectrometer is equipped with five consecutive dispersion gratings and 120 parallel readout channels; it can be operated either in short wavelength mode (5 - 44 um) or in long wavelength mode (45 - 430 um). Fast parallel readout permits the spectroscopy of coherent radiation from single electron bunches. Test measurements at the soft X-ray free-electron laser FLASH, using coherent transition radiation, demonstrate excellent performance of the spectrometer. The high sensitivity down to a few micrometers allows study of short bunch features caused for example by microbunching effects in magnetic chicanes. The device is planned for use as an online bunch profile monitor during regular FEL operation.
description: 10 pages, 18 figures
LwHBench: A low-level hardware component benchmark and dataset for Single Board Computers
Creators: name: Sánchez, Pedro Miguel Sánchez
name: Valero, José María Jorquera
name: Celdrán, Alberto Huertas
name: Bovet, Gérôme
name: Pérez, Manuel Gil
name: Pérez, Gregorio Martínez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In today's computing environment, where Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data processing are moving toward the Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge computing paradigms, benchmarking resource-constrained devices is a critical task to evaluate their suitability and performance. Between the employed devices, Single-Board Computers arise as multi-purpose and affordable systems. The literature has explored Single-Board Computers performance when running high-level benchmarks specialized in particular application scenarios, such as AI or medical applications. However, lower-level benchmarking applications and datasets are needed to enable new Edge-based AI solutions for network, system and service management based on device and component performance, such as individual device identification. Thus, this paper presents LwHBench, a low-level hardware benchmarking application for Single-Board Computers that measures the performance of CPU, GPU, Memory and Storage taking into account the component constraints in these types of devices. LwHBench has been implemented for Raspberry Pi devices and run for 100 days on a set of 45 devices to generate an extensive dataset that allows the usage of AI techniques in scenarios where performance data can help in the device management process. Besides, to demonstrate the inter-scenario capability of the dataset, a series of AI-enabled use cases about device identification and context impact on performance are presented as exploration of the published data. Finally, the benchmark application has been adapted and applied to an agriculture-focused scenario where three RockPro64 devices are present.