cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HF Radar Observations of Wintertime Surface Currents Over Hecate Strait, British Columbia
Creators: name: Cummins, Patrick F.
name: Blanken, Hauke
name: Hannah, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: An oceanographic high-frequency radar system was deployed by Fisheries and Ocean Canada along Hecate Strait, British Columbia to strengthen regional marine safety, including search-and-rescue operations. The Hecate Strait CODAR system provides hourly surface currents on a grid that spans central-northern Hecate Strait at a horizontal resolution of 5 km. These observations are used to characterize regional tidal currents and the subtidal wintertime surface circulation. The HF radar currents are also used to assess results from the Coastal Ice Ocean Prediction System for the West Coast of Canada (CIOPS-W), a component of the pan-Canadian operational ocean modelling system. Comparisons of rotary spectra and tidal current ellipses with historical current metre observations show that vector currents from the Hecate Strait CODAR system are reasonably accurate and can be used to describe the circulation and variability of ocean currents over the strait on tidal and subtidal time scales. Variability of the subtidal flow, in particular the along-strait surface-layer transport, is closely related to local wind forcing and sea level variability. A vector regression to buoy winds demonstrates that the ocean response is highly anisotropic, with the magnitude and veering of the surface current strongly dependent on the direction of the wind. Comparisons with the CIOPS-W model currents show reasonable agreement with the HF radar currents, particularly with respect to the along-strait transport.
Observation of same-sign WW production from double parton scattering in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first observation of the production of W$^\pm$W$^\pm$ bosons from double parton scattering processes using same-sign electron-muon and dimuon events in proton-proton collisions is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Multivariate discriminants are used to distinguish the signal process from the main backgrounds. A binned maximum likelihood fit is performed to extract the signal cross section. The measured cross section for production of same-sign W bosons decaying leptonically is 80.7 $\pm$ 11.2 (stat) $^{+9.5}_{-8.6}$ (syst) $\pm$ 12.1 (model) fb, whereas the measured fiducial cross section is 6.28 $\pm$ 0.81 (stat) $\pm$ 0.69 (syst) $\pm$ 0.37 (model) fb. The observed significance of the signal is 6.2 standard deviations above the background-only hypothesis.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures and tables, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-21-013 (CMS Public Pages). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.06265
Optimum shapes of elastic bodies: equistrong wings of aircrafts and equistrong underground tunnels
Creators: name: Cherepanov Genady, P.
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: ФОРМА ПЛАТОНА
РАВНОПРОЧНЫЙ ТРОС
РАВНОПРОЧНАЯ БАШНЯ
РАВНОПРОЧНОЕ КРЫЛО САМОЛЕТА
РАВНОПРОЧНЫЕ ОБОЛОЧКИ
РАВНОПРОЧНЫЙ ПОДЗЕМНЫЙ ТУННЕЛЬ
PLATO'S FORM
EQUISTRONG CABLE
EQUISTRONG TOWER
EQUISTRONG WING OF AIRCRAFT
EQUISTRONG PLATES AND SHELLS
EQUISTRONG UNDERGROUND TUNNEL

description: Since the times of Plato (424?-347 BC) and Aristotle (384-322 BC), the form has been considered as a fundamental notion of not only the physical universe, but also the spiritual world. The forms and perfect shapes are like jewels in the rock-their search and discovery make up the highest delight to human beings. This is what constituted the motive and driving force of science and scientists beginning from Pythagoras (ca. 570-ca. 500 BC), Archimedes (ca. 287-ca. 212 BC), Euclid (ca. 330-ca. 260 BC) and all that came after. In the introduction to the present article, a brief account of Plato's theory of forms and Aristotle's addition to this theory are given; the theory of optimum shapes of elastic bodies can be considered as a footnote to the Plato's theory. In the framework of the theory of elasticity, the optimal shape of a body is the shape that meets the principle of equal strength or equistrength advanced by this author in 1963. According to this principle, the safety criterion like ultimate or failure stress is simultaneously satisfied in the utmost part of the bodythis body or structure is called equistrong in this case. The equistrong structure has a minimum weight for a given material and safety factor, or a maximum safety factor for a given material and weight. As distinct from traditional problems, there are no existence theorems for equistrong shapes-a success in their search depends on skills of a researcher. In the present paper, a summary of common equistrong shapes and structural elements is brought out, namely: equistrong cable of bathysphere, equistrong tower or skyscraper, equistrong beam by Galileo Galilei, equistrong rotating disk, equistrong heavy chain, equistrong pressure vessels, equistrong arcs, plates and shells, equistrong underground tunnels, equistrong perforated plates, and others. A variety of the swept wings of aircrafts is found out to be equistrong; the front and rear edges of such wings are rectilinear in the plan view, and their chord in the flight direction depends on the task of an aircraft; the equistrong design exists for any task, from transport aviation to hypersonic jet fighters. Some new equistrong shapes of elastic solids with any number of infinite branches being pulled out of a body are also discovered for plane strain and plane stress.
Charge-Stripe Order in a Parent Compound of Iron-based Superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Yin, Wei-Guo
name: Wang, Lili
name: He, Ke
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge ordering is one of the most intriguing and extensively studied phenomena in correlated electronic materials because of its strong impact on electron transport properties including superconductivity. Despite its ubiquitousness in correlated systems, the occurrence of charge ordering in iron-based superconductors is still unresolved. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy to reveal a long-range charge-stripe order and a highly anisotropic dispersion of electronic states in the ground state of stoichiometric FeTe, the parent compound of the Fe(Te, Se, S) superconductor family. The formation of charge order in a strongly correlated electron system with integer nominal valence (here Fe$^{2+}$) is unexpected and suggests that the iron-based superconductors may exhibit more complex charge dynamics than originally expected. We show that the present observations can be attributed to the surpassing of the role of local Coulomb interaction by the poorly screened longer-range Coulomb interactions, facilitated by large Hund's rule coupling.
Information Geometry, Jordan Algebras, and a Coadjoint Orbit-Like Construction
Creators: name: Ciaglia, Florio M.
name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Schwachhöfer, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17C20, 17C27, 17B60, 53B12

description: Jordan algebras arise naturally in (quantum) information geometry, and we want to understand their role and their structure within that framework. Inspired by Kirillov's discussion of the symplectic structure on coadjoint orbits, we provide a similar construction in the case of real Jordan algebras. Given a real, finite-dimensional, formally real Jordan algebra ${\mathcal J}$, we exploit the generalized distribution determined by the Jordan product on the dual ${\mathcal J}^{\star}$ to induce a pseudo-Riemannian metric tensor on the leaves of the distribution. In particular, these leaves are the orbits of a Lie group, which is the structure group of ${\mathcal J}$, in clear analogy with what happens for coadjoint orbits. However, this time in contrast with the Lie-algebraic case, we prove that not all points in ${\mathcal J}^{*}$ lie on a leaf of the canonical Jordan distribution. When the leaves are contained in the cone of positive linear functionals on ${\mathcal J}$, the pseudo-Riemannian structure becomes Riemannian and, for appropriate choices of ${\mathcal J}$, it coincides with the Fisher-Rao metric on non-normalized probability distributions on a finite sample space, or with the Bures-Helstrom metric for non-normalized, faithful quantum states of a finite-level quantum system, thus showing a direct link between the mathematics of Jordan algebras and both classical and quantum information geometry.
Burling graphs revisited, part III: Applications to $χ$-boundedness
Creators: name: Pournajafi, Pegah
name: Trotignon, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2
subject: 05C15

description: The Burling sequence is a sequence of triangle-free graphs of unbounded chromatic number. The class of Burling graphs consists of all the induced subgraphs of the graphs of this sequence. In the first and second parts of this work, we introduced derived graphs, a class of graphs, equal to the class of Burling graphs, and proved several geometric and structural results about them. In this third part, we use those results to find some Burling and non-Burling graphs, and we see some applications of this in the theory of $χ$-boundedness. In particular, we show that several graphs, like $K_5$, some series-parallel graphs that we call necklaces, and some other graphs are not weakly pervasive.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures Some typos fixed in this new version
Die Ankündigung der Diözeseansynode für Rom und des Ökumenischen Konzils
Creators: name: Johannes XXIII., Papst
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 13 Nr. 8 (1958): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 13, Heft 8
A potential-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics approach for the dynamic failure assessment of compact and granular materials
Creators: name: Brighenti Roberto
name: Corbari Nicholas
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: МЕТОД ЧАСТИЦ
PARTICLE METHOD
МЕТОД СГЛАЖЕННЫХ ЧАСТИЦ
SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS (SPH)
КОНТАКТ
CONTACT
СПЛОШНАЯ СРЕДА
ГРАНУЛИРОВАННАЯ СРЕДА
CONTINUUM SOLIDS
GRANULAR MEDIA

description: Computational simulation of solids has experienced a rapid development since the formulation of the finite element method. However a number of problems cannot be properly solved by using the finite element method because a severe mesh distortion in computations of Lagrangian scheme may arise for very large displacements, high speed impact, fragmentation, particulate solids, fluid-structure interaction, leading to lack of consistency between the numerical and the physical problem. The discretization of the problem domain with nodal points without any mesh connectivity would be useful to overcome this difficulty. Moreover the discrete nature of continuum matterusually observed at the microscale-allows to adopt such a kind of discretization that is natural for granular materials and enables us to model very large deformations, handle damage-such as fracture, crushing, fragmentation, clustering-thanks to the variable interaction between particles. In the context of meshless methods, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a meshfree particle method based on Lagrangian formulation that has been widely applied to different engineering fields. In the present paper a unified computational potential-based particle method for the mechanical simulation of continuum and granular materials under dynamic condition, is proposed and framed in the SPH-like approaches. The particle-particle and particle-boundary interaction is modelled through force functionals related to the nature of the material being analyzed (solid, granular,...); large geometrical changes of the mechanical system, such as fracture, clustering, granular flow can be easily modelled. Some examples are finally proposed and discussed to underline the potentiality of the approach.
Convenient methods for the synthesis organotellurium compounds derived from pyrazole derivatives: synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation
Creators: name: Sheaa, Amaal H.
name: Al-Fregi, Adil A.
name: Mousa, Hanaa K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new series of organic tellurium compounds containing pyrazole derivatives were prepared. Initially, penta-2,4-dione-3-tellurocyanate (1) was prepared by the refluxing equimolar amounts of potassium tellurocyanate with 3-chloro-2,4-pentadione. Compound 1 was oxidized by excess bromine to obtain the corresponding tribromide (2). The cycloaddition reaction of compound 1 with phenylhydrazine formed 3,5-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-tellurocyanatopyrazole (3 (in good yield. Treatment of compound 3 with excess bromine gave 3,5-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazole-4-yltellurium tribromide (4) in an excellent yield. Reduction of compound 3 with a solution of 10% NaOH gave the corresponding ditelluride (5) in excellent yield. Compounds with a general formula of ArTeX3; X = Cl (6) or I (7) were synthesized in excellent yields by reacting compound 3 with excess thionyl chloride or iodine, respectively. Refluxing ditelluride 5 with activated copper powder gave the corresponding telluride (8) in very good yield. Finally, tellurated pyrazole dihalides compounds 9–11 were prepared by reacting 8 with equimoles of the thionyl chloride, bromine and iodine, respectively. The structures of compounds 1–11 were elucidated according to their CHN elemental analyses and FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were evaluated. The tested compounds showed a good degree against the growth of fungi and bacteria. Most the antimicrobial activity of the prepared compounds was better than fluconazole.
Representation Learning via Consistent Assignment of Views to Clusters
Creators: name: Silva, Thalles
name: Rivera, Adín Ramírez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Consistent Assignment for Representation Learning (CARL), an unsupervised learning method to learn visual representations by combining ideas from self-supervised contrastive learning and deep clustering. By viewing contrastive learning from a clustering perspective, CARL learns unsupervised representations by learning a set of general prototypes that serve as energy anchors to enforce different views of a given image to be assigned to the same prototype. Unlike contemporary work on contrastive learning with deep clustering, CARL proposes to learn the set of general prototypes in an online fashion, using gradient descent without the necessity of using non-differentiable algorithms or K-Means to solve the cluster assignment problem. CARL surpasses its competitors in many representations learning benchmarks, including linear evaluation, semi-supervised learning, and transfer learning.
description: Pre-print. 37th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC'22). Code at https://gitlab.com/mipl/carl/
Planet-vortex interaction:How a vortex can shepherd a planetary embryo
Creators: name: Ataiee, S.
name: Dullemond, C. P.
name: Kley, W.
name: Regaly, Zs.
name: Meheut, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Anticyclonic vortices are considered as a favourable places for trapping dust and forming planetary embryos. On the other hand, they are massive blobs that can interact gravitationally with the planets in the disc. Aims: We aim to study how a vortex interacts gravitationally with a planet which migrates toward it or a planet which is created inside the vortex. Methods: We performed hydrodynamical simulations of a viscous locally isothermal disc using GFARGO and FARGO-ADSG. We set a stationary Gaussian pressure bump in the disc in a way that RWI is triggered. After a large vortex is established, we implanted a low mass planet in the outer disc or inside the vortex and allowed it to migrate. We also examined the effect of vortex strength on the planet migration and checked the validity of the final result in the presence of self-gravity. Results: We noticed regardless of the planet's initial position, the planet is finally locked to the vortex or its migration is stopped in a farther orbital distance in case of a stronger vortex. For the model with the weaker vortex, we studied the effect of different parameters such as background viscosity, background surface density, mass of the planet and different planet positions. In these models, while the trapping time and locking angle of the planet vary for different parameters, the main result, which is the planet-vortex locking, remains valid. We discovered that even a planet with a mass less than 5 * 10^{-7} M_{\star} comes out from the vortex and is locked to it at the same orbital distance. For a stronger vortex, both in non-self-gravitated and self-gravitating models, the planet migration is stopped far away from the radial position of the vortex. This effect can make the vortices a suitable place for continual planet formation under the condition that they save their shape during the planetary growth.
description: 13 pages, 21 figures,Accepted to be published in A&A
On the decay property of the cubic fourth-order Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Yu, Xueying
name: Yue, Haitian
name: Zhao, Zehua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short paper, we prove that the solution of the cubic fourth-order Schrödinger equation (4NLS) on $\mathbb{R}^d$ ($5 \leq d \leq 8$) enjoys the same (pointwise) decay property as its linear solution does. This result is proved via a bootstrap argument based on the corresponding global result Pausader \cite{Pau1}. This result can be extended to more general dispersive equations (including some more 4NLS models) with scattering asymptotics.
description: 10 pages. Comments are welcome!
Performance Considerations for General-Purpose Typing BCIs, Including the Handwriting BCI. Technical Report #01.
Creators: name: Shenoy, Krishna V.
name: Willet, Frank R.
name:  Nuyujukian, Paul
name: Henderson, Jaimie M.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General purpose typing
subject: Brain-computer interfaces
subject: brain machine interfaces
subject: BCI
subject: BMI
subject: Handwriting BCI
subject: neural prpostheses
subject: communication prostheses
subject: motor prostheses

description: This is an informal technical report regarding performance considerations for general-purpose typing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). A general-purpose typing BCI is a BCI that enables the user to type any string of characters (as opposed to a BCI that can only type certain strings, such as sequences of words drawn from a small set of allowed words). This living document is intended to grow, evolve and serve as a resource for the community. We use our new Handwriting BCI [1] as an example system. In addition to this technical report (Technical Report #01), we are also openly sharing all electrophysiology data (Dryad, [2]) and all code (Python, GitHub, [3]) from the paper [1]. Defining and measuring performance metrics are key to our community’s ability to compare, coordinate and cooperate in order to advance general-purpose typing BCIs and bring them into widespread clinical use. This report begins with investigations in people with paralysis (Sections 1-5), where our studies are part of the BrainGate2 pilot clinical trial (NCT00912041)1 with Prof. Leigh Hochberg (sponsor-investigator), Prof. Jaimie Henderson (NPTL co-director, BrainGate2 Stanford site PI), Prof. Krishna Shenoy (NPTL co-director), Dr. Frank Willett (Research Scientist) and Prof. Paul Nuyujukian (NPTL alumnus). This report also includes pre-clinical studies with nonhuman primates (NHPs, rhesus macaques; Section 6), where our studies are part of NPSL with Prof. Krishna Shenoy (Director) and Prof. Paul Nuyujukian (NPSL alumnus). This living document is intended to be inclusive, accurate and accessible to students and investigators. We welcome suggested corrections, edits and additions; please contact Krishna Shenoy (shenoy@stanford.edu).
Microwave assisted catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene, cyclohexane, cyclooctane and styrene with metal complexes of bis(azo-imine) ligands supported on mesoporous silica
Creators: name: Uruş, Serhan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Novel multifunctional bis(azo-Schiff base) ligands supported on mesoporous silica and their Cu(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized with the techniques of FT-IR, TGA, SEM, EDX, ICP-OES (metal content) and C, H, N content analyses. The synthesized complexes were tried as catalysts in the oxidation of cyclohexene, cyclohexane, cyclooctane and styrene substrates under microwave power. The Co(II) complex of silica-supported bis(azo-Schiff base) ligand derivatized from m-xylylenediamine and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (L2) behaved as the best catalyst in cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanol with 73.84% selectivity. The complexes of Cu(II) were very selective to the yield of 2-cyclohexen-1-ol synthesis from the oxidation of cyclohexene under microwave power especially L2-Cu(II) with 64.29% selectivity. According to the calculated selectivities of the complexes in the catalytic reactions, it can be said that the complexes were not active in cycloctane and styrene oxidation.
Synthesis and characterization of Ni-incorporated mesoporous silica material for its potential applications in oligomerization of glycerol
Creators: name: Jeyamalar, J. Ilavarasi
name: Krishnaveni, M.
name: Kannan, Chellapandian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Rectangular shaped nickel incorporated mesoporous silica material (Ni-MSi) was synthesized by a simple sol-gel method from sodium silicate and hydrocarbon template and it was characterized by various spectroscopic techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, TGA/DTA, SEM, TEM and nitrogen adsorption. The results confirmed the formation of a mesoporous material with high thermal stability and large porosity. The synthesized catalyst was applied for glycerol conversion. Conversion of glycerol increases with increased of temperature. However the selectivity of diglycerol is 85% at 100 °C, selectivity of triglycerol is 50% at 150 °C and polyglycerol selectivity is 59% at 200 °C. When the temperature increases, more number of glycerol molecules involved in the etherification reaction. The products of the reactions are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The results of the characterization confirmed the formation of diglycerol, triglycerol and polyglycerol.
Analysis of Spin Financial Market by GARCH Model
Creators: name: Takaishi, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A spin model is used for simulations of financial markets. To determine return volatility in the spin financial market we use the GARCH model often used for volatility estimation in empirical finance. We apply the Bayesian inference performed by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to the parameter estimation of the GARCH model. It is found that volatility determined by the GARCH model exhibits "volatility clustering" also observed in the real financial markets. Using volatility determined by the GARCH model we examine the mixture-of-distribution hypothesis (MDH) suggested for the asset return dynamics. We find that the returns standardized by volatility are approximately standard normal random variables. Moreover we find that the absolute standardized returns show no significant autocorrelation. These findings are consistent with the view of the MDH for the return dynamics.
description: 10 pages
Non-Markovian anti-parity-time symmetric systems: theory and experiment
Creators: name: Wilkey, Andrew
name: Suelzer, Joseph
name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
name: Vemuri, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open systems with anti parity-time (anti $\mathcal{PT}$-) or $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry exhibit a rich phenomenology absent in their Hermitian counterparts. To date all model systems and their diverse realizations across classical and quantum platforms have been local in time, i.e. Markovian. Here we propose a non-Markovian system with anti-$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry where a single time-delay encodes the memory, and experimentally demonstrate its consequences with two time-delay coupled semiconductor lasers. A transcendental characteristic equation with infinitely many eigenvalue pairs sets our model apart. We show that a sequence of amplifying-to-decaying dominant mode transitions is induced by the time delay in our minimal model. The signatures of these transitions quantitatively match results obtained from four, coupled, nonlinear rate equations for laser dynamics, and are experimentally observed as constant-width sideband oscillations in the laser intensity profiles. Our work introduces a new paradigm of non-Hermitian systems with memory, paves the way for their realization in classical systems, and may apply to time-delayed feedback-control for quantum systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures (main), 2 pages, 1 figure (supplementary)
Measurement of photon correlations with multipixel photon counters
Creators: name: Kalashnikov, Dmitry
name: Krivitsky, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of reliable photon number resolving detectors (PNRD), devices which are capable to distinguish 1,2,3.. photons, is of a great importance for quantum optics and its applications. A new class of affordable PNRD is based on multipixel photon counters (MPPC). Here we review results of experiments on using MPPCs for direct characterization of squeezed vacuum (SV) states, generated via parametric downconversion (PDC). We use MPPCs to measure the second order normalized intensity correlation function (g^(2)) and directly detect the two-mode squeezing of SV states. We also present a method of calibration of crosstalk probability in MPPCs based on g^(2) measurements of coherent states.
description: Review of our recent experimental results on using multipixel photon counters (MPPC) for characterization of various quantum states of light
Gravitational leptogenesis from metric perturbations
Creators: name: Maroto, Antonio L.
name: Miravet, Alfredo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we make the observation that the gravitational leptogenesis mechanism can be implemented without invoking new axial couplings in the inflaton sector. We show that in the perturbed Robertson-Walker background emerging after inflation, the spacetime metric itself breaks parity symmetry and generates a non-vansihing Pontryagin density which can produce a matter-antimatter asymmetry. We analyze the produced asymmetry in different inflationary and reheating scenarios. We show that the generated asymmetry can be locally comparable to observations in certain cases, although the size of the matter-antimatter regions is typically much smaller than the present Hubble radius.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Matches version published in PRD
Pruning-aware Sparse Regularization for Network Pruning
Creators: name: Jiang, Nanfei
name: Zhao, Xu
name: Zhao, Chaoyang
name: An, Yongqi
name: Tang, Ming
name: Wang, Jinqiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structural neural network pruning aims to remove the redundant channels in the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by pruning the filters of less importance to the final output accuracy. To reduce the degradation of performance after pruning, many methods utilize the loss with sparse regularization to produce structured sparsity. In this paper, we analyze these sparsity-training-based methods and find that the regularization of unpruned channels is unnecessary. Moreover, it restricts the network's capacity, which leads to under-fitting. To solve this problem, we propose a novel pruning method, named MaskSparsity, with pruning-aware sparse regularization. MaskSparsity imposes the fine-grained sparse regularization on the specific filters selected by a pruning mask, rather than all the filters of the model. Before the fine-grained sparse regularization of MaskSparity, we can use many methods to get the pruning mask, such as running the global sparse regularization. MaskSparsity achieves 63.03%-FLOPs reduction on ResNet-110 by removing 60.34% of the parameters, with no top-1 accuracy loss on CIFAR-10. On ILSVRC-2012, MaskSparsity reduces more than 51.07% FLOPs on ResNet-50, with only a loss of 0.76% in the top-1 accuracy. The code is released at https://github.com/CASIA-IVA-Lab/MaskSparsity. Moreover, we have integrated the code of MaskSparity into a PyTorch pruning toolkit, EasyPruner, at https://gitee.com/casia_iva_engineer/easypruner.
description: MIR 2023
Duality of Topological Edge States in a Mechanical Kitaev Chain
Creators: name: Allein, Florian
name: Chaunsali, Rajesh
name: Anastasiadis, Adamantios
name: Frankel, Ian
name: Boechler, Nicholas
name: Diakonos, Fotios K.
name: Theocharis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate the existence of topological edge states in a mechanical analog of the Kitaev chain with a non-zero chemical potential. Our system is a one-dimensional monomer system involving two coupled degrees of freedom, i.e., transverse displacement and rotation of elastic elements. Due to the particle-hole symmetry, a topologically nontrivial bulk leads to the emergence of edge states in a finite chain with fixed boundaries. In contrast, a topologically trivial bulk also leads to the emergence of edge states in a finite chain, but with free boundaries. We unravel a duality in our system that predicts the existence of the latter edge states. This duality involves the iso-spectrality of a subspace for finite chains, and as a consequence, a free chain with topologically trivial bulk maps to a fixed chain with a nontrivial bulk. Lastly, we provide the conditions under which the system can exhibit perfectly degenerate in-gap modes, akin to Majorana zero modes. These findings suggest that mechanical systems with fine-tuned degrees of freedom can be fertile testbeds for exploring the intricacies of Majorana physics.
description: 6 pages and 4 figures
Improved Lower Bounds on the Domination Number of Hypercubes and Binary Codes with Covering Radius One
Creators: name: Wu, Ying-Sian
name: Chen, Jun-Yo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69, 94B75

description: A dominating set on an $n $-dimensional hypercube is equivalent to a binary covering code of length $n $ and covering radius 1. It is still an open problem to determine the domination number $γ(Q_n)$ for $ n\geq10$ and $ n\ne2^{k},2^{k}-1 $ ($k\in\mathbb{N} $). When $n$ is a multiple of 6, the best known lower bound is $γ(Q_n)\geq \frac{2^n}{n}$, given by Van Wee (1988). In this article, we present a new method using congruence properties due to Laurent Habsieger (1997) and obtain an improved lower bound $γ(Q_n)\geq \frac{(n-2)2^n }{n^2-2n-2}$ when $n$ is a multiple of 6.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Current attempt on the transformations of coumarinyl-1,2-epoxyphosphonates
Creators: name: Petkova-Yankova, Nevena I.
name: Nikolova, Rositca D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Bromohydrins were prepared by ring opening of coumarinyl-1,2-epoxy phosphonate esters under acidic conditions. The chemical behavior of bromohydrins was examined under Michaelis–Becker reaction conditions using dialkylphosphites.
Notes on $n$-point Witten diagrams in AdS${}_2$
Creators: name: Bliard, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Witten diagrams provide a perturbative framework for calculations in Anti-de-Sitter space, and play an essential role in a variety of holographic computations. In the case of this study in AdS$_2$, the one-dimensional boundary allows for a simple setup, in which we obtain perturbative analytic results for correlators with the residue theorem. This elementary method is used to find all scalar $n$-point contact Witten diagrams for external operators of conformal dimension $Δ=1$ and $Δ=2$, and to determine topological correlators of Yang-Mills in AdS$_2$. Another established method is applied to explicitly compute exchange diagrams and give an example of a Polyakov block in $d=1$. We also check perturbatively a recently proposed multipoint Ward identity with the strong coupling expansion of the six-point function of operators inserted on the 1/2 BPS Wilson line in $\mathcal{N}$=4 SYM.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures; v$_2$ has an attached mathematica .nb to evaluate the contact diagrams with arbitrary weights $I_{\Delta_1,...,\Delta_n}$, some notation changed for clarity
VLA and GBT Observations of Orion B (NGC 2024, W12) : Photo-dissociation Region Properties and Magnetic field
Creators: name: Roshi, D. Anish
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Jeyakumar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images of C110$α$ and H110$α$ radio recombination line (RRL) emission at 4.8 GHz and images of H166$α$, C166$α$ and X166$α$ RRL emission at 1.4 GHz, observed toward the starforming region NGC 2024. The 1.4 GHz image with angular resolution $\sim$ 70\arcsec\ is obtained using VLA data. The 4.8 GHz image with angular resolution $\sim$ 17\arcsec\ is obtained by combining VLA and GBT data. The similarity of the LSR velocity (10.3 \kms\) of the C110$α$ line to that of lines observed from molecular material located at the far side of the \HII\ region suggests that the photo dissociation region (PDR) responsible for C110$α$ line emission is at the far side. The LSR velocity of C166$α$ is 8.8 \kms. This velocity is comparable with the velocity of molecular absorption lines observed from the foreground gas, suggesting that the PDR is at the near side of the \HII\ region. Non-LTE models for carbon line forming regions are presented. Typical properties of the foreground PDR are $T_{PDR} \sim 100$ K, $n_e^{PDR} \sim 5$ \cmthree, $n_H \sim 1.7 \times 10^4$ \cmthree, path length $l \sim 0.06$ pc and those of the far side PDR are $T_{PDR} \sim$ 200 K, $n_e^{PDR} \sim$ 50 \cmthree, $n_H \sim 1.7 \times 10^5$ \cmthree, $l \sim$ 0.03 pc. Our modeling indicates that the far side PDR is located within the \HII\ region. We estimate magnetic field strength in the foreground PDR to be 60 $μ$G and that in the far side PDR to be 220 $μ$G. Our field estimates compare well with the values obtained from OH Zeeman observations toward NGC 2024.
description: To appear in ApJ, 25 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
A study on the cellular and cytotoxic effects of S and Se heterocycles on the myeloid leukemia cell line PLB-985
Creators: name: Auld, Niccole
name: Flood, Krystal
name: Kesharwani, Tanay
name: Cavnar, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: This paper describes the synthesis of several halogenated S and Se heterocycles and tests their biological activity by measuring the effects on the myeloid leukemia cell line, PLB-985 cells. We report that select compounds exhibit significant increases in mitochondria membrane potential and increased oxidative stress in PLB-985 cells. In addition, several compounds caused cytotoxicity at high cell densities. Our results contribute to the foundational knowledge of different S and Se containing compounds and their possible impacts on human cells.
Unified Collision Model of Coherent and Measurement-based Quantum Feedback
Creators: name: Harwood, Alfred
name: Brunelli, Matteo
name: Serafini, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a general framework, based on collision models and discrete CP-maps, to describe on an equal footing coherent and measurement-based feedback control of quantum mechanical systems. We apply our framework to prominent tasks in quantum control, ranging from cooling to Hamiltonian control. Unlike other proposed comparisons, where coherent feedback always proves superior, we find that either measurements or coherent manipulations of the controller can be advantageous depending on the task at hand. Measurement-based feedback is typically superior in cooling, whilst coherent feedback is better at assisting quantum operations. Furthermore, we show that both coherent and measurement-based feedback loops allow one to simulate arbitrary Hamiltonian evolutions, and discuss their respective effectiveness in this regard.
description: 5+11 pages, 6 figures
Measurements of Higgs boson production by gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion using $H\rightarrow W W^* \rightarrow eνμν$ decays in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgs boson production via gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion in proton-proton collisions is measured in the $H\rightarrow W W^* \rightarrow eνμν$ decay channel. The Large Hadron Collider delivered proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV between 2015 and 2018, which were recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The total cross sections for Higgs boson production by gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion times the $H\rightarrow W W^*$ branching ratio are measured to be $12.0\pm1.4$ and $0.75\;^{+0.19}_{-0.16}$ pb, respectively, in agreement with the Standard Model predictions of $10.4\pm 0.6$ and $0.81\pm 0.02$ pb. Higgs boson production is further characterized through measurements of Simplified Template Cross Sections in a total of 11 kinematic fiducial regions.
description: 80 pages in total, author list starting page 45, 16 figures, 7 tables, submitted to PRD. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2021-20/. The results are available in HEPData at https://www.hepdata.net/record/128972
Semiflexible Polymer Dynamics with a Bead-Spring Model
Creators: name: Barkema, Gerard T.
name: Panja, Debabrata
name: van Leeuwen, J. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical properties of semiflexible polymers with a recently introduced bead-spring model. We focus on double-stranded DNA. The two parameters of the model, $T^*$ and $ν$, are chosen to match its experimental force-extension curve. The bead-spring Hamiltonian is approximated in the first order by the Hessian that is quadratic in the bead positions. The eigenmodels of the Hessian provide the longitudinal (stretching) and transverse (bending) eigenmodes of the polymer, and the corresponding eigenvalues match well with the established phenomenology of semiflexible polymers. Using the longitudinal and transverse eigenmodes, we obtain analytical expressions of (i) the autocorrelation function of the end-to-end vector, (ii) the autocorrelation function of a bond (i.e., a spring, or a tangent) vector at the middle of the chain, and (iii) the mean-square displacement of a tagged bead in the middle of the chain, as sum over the contributions from the modes. We also perform simulations with the full dynamics of the model. The simulations yield numerical values of the correlation functions (i-iii) that agree very well with the analytical expressions for the linearized dynamics. We also study the mean-square displacement of the longitudinal component of the end-to-end vector that showcases strong nonlinear effects in the polymer dynamics, and we identify at least an effective $t^{7/8}$ power-law regime in its time-dependence. Nevertheless, in comparison to the full mean-square displacement of the end-to-end vector the nonlinear effects remain small at all times --- it is in this sense we state that our results demonstrate that the linearized dynamics suffices for dsDNA fragments that are shorter than or comparable to the persistence length. Our results are consistent with those of the wormlike chain (WLC) model, the commonly used descriptive tool of semiflexible polymers.
description: 33 pages in double-spacing format, 7 figures, to appear in JSTAT
Kinetic insights into metaphosphoric acid-catalyzed water-crosslinking reactions in silane-grafted polyolefin system
Creators: name: Tanaka, Shohei
name: Adachi, Kenta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Polyphosphoric acid (PPA)-catalyzed water-crosslinking reaction in silane-grafted polyolefin system was investigated. PPA exists as an equilibrium mixture comprising several phosphoric acid oligomers. Distribution of these oligomers depends on the phosphorus pentoxide content (%P2O5) of the PPA. Our results revealed that the PPA presented a higher catalytic activity than dibutyltin dilaurate, which is a catalyst most commonly used in polymer industry. The difference in catalytic activities of PPAs was primarily attributed to the distribution of the phosphoric acid oligomers in PPA; as the degree of highly condensed phosphoric acid oligomers increased, the catalytic activities of PPAs were enhanced. From the theoretical results, we concluded that the highly condensed oligomer could form the stable hydrate via hydrogen bond with a water molecule, leading to the enhanced catalytic activity of PPA for the hydrolysis reaction. This finding will add to the understanding in the development of the highly active and eco-friendly catalysts for the crosslinking reaction in polymer systems.
FE${}^\textbf{ANN}$ $-$ An efficient data-driven multiscale approach based on physics-constrained neural networks and automated data mining
Creators: name: Kalina, Karl A.
name: Linden, Lennart
name: Brummund, Jörg
name: Kästner, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Herein, we present a new data-driven multiscale framework called FE${}^\text{ANN}$ which is based on two main keystones: the usage of physics-constrained artificial neural networks (ANNs) as macroscopic surrogate models and an autonomous data mining process. Our approach allows the efficient simulation of materials with complex underlying microstructures which reveal an overall anisotropic and nonlinear behavior on the macroscale. Thereby, we restrict ourselves to finite strain hyperelasticity problems for now. By using a set of problem specific invariants as the input of the ANN and the Helmholtz free energy density as the output, several physical principles, e.g., objectivity, material symmetry, compatibility with the balance of angular momentum and thermodynamic consistency are fulfilled a priori. The necessary data for the training of the ANN-based surrogate model, i.e., macroscopic deformations and corresponding stresses, are collected via computational homogenization of representative volume elements (RVEs). Thereby, the core feature of the approach is given by a completely autonomous mining of the required data set within an overall loop. In each iteration of the loop, new data are generated by gathering the macroscopic deformation states from the macroscopic finite element (FE) simulation and a subsequently sorting by using the anisotropy class of the considered material. Finally, all unknown deformations are prescribed in the RVE simulation to get the corresponding stresses and thus to extend the data set. The proposed framework consequently allows to reduce the number of time-consuming microscale simulations to a minimum. It is exemplarily applied to several descriptive examples, where a fiber reinforced composite with a highly nonlinear Ogden-type behavior of the individual components is considered.