Otoba latialata Gentry 1979
Creators: name: Jaramillo-Vivanco, Tatiana S.
name: Balslev, Henrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Myristicaceae
Otoba
Otoba latialata

description: Otoba latialata (Pittier) Gentry (1979: 417).
Basionym: Dialyanthera latialata Pittier (1922: 454).
Type:— PANAMA. Rio Fató, above Nombre de Dios, Caribbean coast, Aug 1911, Pittier 4193, staminate (holotype: US!; isotypes: G, NY!).
Tree to 20 m tall; branchlets terete, glabrescent. Petiole 15–40(–60) × 6–14 (including wings) mm, winged; lamina 20–50 × 9–18 cm, elliptic or obovate-elliptic, base attenuate, apex cuspidate, short acuminate or acute, rugose; usually whitish and glabrescent below; secondary veins (17–)20–25 per side, obscurely or not anastomosing; intramarginal veins absent. Staminate inflorescence axillary or on defoliated nodes, 10(–20) cm long, sessile or with a 1–3 cm long peduncle; partial inflorescences 1–3, peduncle 5 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent, ca. 75-flowered; umbelliform parts alternate or opposite, 15 flowers; bracteoles absent. Staminate flowers with pedicel 5–12 mm long; perianth 2.5–3.5 mm long, fused for ca. 1/3 or less of its length, inner surface smooth, without a swollen ring, lobes 3; androecium 1.8–1.9 mm long; filament column bottle-shaped (broadly thickened at base), fused but somewhat free distally; anthers globose, apex obtuse, dorsally attached to the filaments apex, ca. 0.3 mm long. Pistillate inflorescence similar to the staminate one, but to 5 cm long; partial inflorescence ca. 15-flowered; umbelliform parts ca. 6-flowered. Pistillate flowers similar to the staminate ones but with pedicel 2 mm long; perianth 4–5 mm long, fused for 1/4 of its length; gynoecium 4 mm long; ovary glabrous, obconical and stalked, ca. 3 × 2 mm; stigmatic lobes free or fused along one side, ca. 1 mm long. Infructescence with 2–4 fruits, to 11 cm long. Fruit 2–3 cm in diam, globose, base truncate, apex mucronate to acute, apparently glabrous; pericarp 2 mm thick; aril white, almost transparent, laciniate for 3/4 of its length; seed ca. 1.5 cm in diam., with a prickle near the apex.
Representative specimens examined:— COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: Río Piedras Blancas, vicinity of Río Esquinas, Allen 5591 (F). San José: Acosta, Cuenca del Pirris-Dama, between Río Tiquires and Zoncuano, Grayum & Morales 20786 (F). PANAMA. Coclé: Road from La Pintada to Coclesito, 8º45’N, 80º30’W, Hamilton & Davidse 2859 (MO). Colón: Near Peluca, km 25.6 from transisthmian highway on the road to Nombre de Dios, up-stream on tributary to Río Boquerón, Kennedy 2647 (AAU). Darién: Between Quebrada Venado and Peje swamp on the headwaters of Río Tuqueza, Dwyer 62 (F, NY). Panamá: Tributary of Rio Chagres, 5 miles SW of Cerro Brewster, 1967, Lewis 3430 (MO nv). San Blas: Comarca of San Blas, Río Taimdi, 6 km above confluence with Río Mandinga, Nevers & Herrera 7662 (NY). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Dabeiba Municipality, 4 km Dabeiba–Chigorodo, Callejas et al. 4751 (NY). Chocó: Río Mutata, tributary of Río El Valle between Alto de Buey and mouth River, Gentry & Fallen 17287 (F, MO). Nariño: Reserva Natural La Planada, a 7 km de Chucunés, 1987, Hopkins 9031 (INPA nv). Valle del Cauca: Old road Cali–Buenaventura, ca. 2–13 km N of Anchicaya, 1984, Luteyn 10379 (NY).
Distribution:— Same distribution and elevational range as O. gracilipes, but not been found in Ecuador, where we suspect it may occur (Fig. 9). The two species are easily separated by the size of their leaves as explained under O. gracilipes. Also, it overlaps geographically with O. lehmannii, O. gordoniifolia and O. novogranatensis, but can be distinguished from O. lehmannii and O. gordoniifolia by its indument on the lower leaf surface (O. latialata has whitish and glabrescent indumenta vs. ferruginous and densely pubescent), with O. novogranatensis by its staminate flowers (filaments free in O. novogranatensis vs. filaments fused in a bottle-shaped column) and in female plants by pubescence of the ovary (O. latialata with a glabrous ovary) and fruit size (O. latialata has smaller fruits that are 2.0–3.0 cm in diameter vs. 3.0–5.5 x 2.5–4.0 cm).
Conservation status:— NT, near threatened (Cogollo et al. 2007).
Notes:— Latex whitish or clear-watery. In living plants, leaves are brownish below when young becoming whitish; flowers are green-yellow to orange; fruits are green with a white aril in young fruits, transparent in ripe ones.
Vernacular names:— Zapatero, pilón (Costa Rica); guangare, sangre de gallina (Colombia).
description: Published as part of Jaramillo-Vivanco, Tatiana S. & Balslev, Henrik, 2020, Revision of Otoba (Myristicaceae), pp. 143-175 in Phytotaxa 441 (2) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13872038