cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A categorical semantics of quantum protocols
Creators: name: Abramsky, Samson
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study quantum information and computation from a novel point of view. Our approach is based on recasting the standard axiomatic presentation of quantum mechanics, due to von Neumann, at a more abstract level, of compact closed categories with biproducts. We show how the essential structures found in key quantum information protocols such as teleportation, logic-gate teleportation, and entanglement-swapping can be captured at this abstract level. Moreover, from the combination of the --apparently purely qualitative-- structures of compact closure and biproducts there emerge `scalars` and a `Born rule'. This abstract and structural point of view opens up new possibilities for describing and reasoning about quantum systems. It also shows the degrees of axiomatic freedom: we can show what requirements are placed on the (semi)ring of scalars C(I,I), where C is the category and I is the tensor unit, in order to perform various protocols such as teleportation. Our formalism captures both the information-flow aspect of the protocols (see quant-ph/0402014), and the branching due to quantum indeterminism. This contrasts with the standard accounts, in which the classical information flows are `outside' the usual quantum-mechanical formalism.
description: Significant additions and modifications as compared to the previous version (abstract inner-products, simplified presentation of abstract quantum mechanics). 21 pages, some pictures, some diagrams. 2007 replacement: source had become incompatible with Paul taylor's latest update of his Diagrams package so update was needed
Additional file 1 of Epidemiology of dengue virus infections in Nepal, 2006–2019
Creators: name: Rijal, Komal Raj
name: Bipin Adhikari
name: Ghimire, Bindu
name: Binod Dhungel
name: Pyakurel, Uttam Raj
name: Shah, Prakash
name: Anup Bastola
name: Binod Lekhak
name: Banjara, Megha Raj
name: Basu Dev Pandey
name: Parker, Daniel M.
name: Ghimire, Prakash
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. District wise cases of dengue in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 in Nepal.
SVEEEETIES: Singular vector expansion to estimate Earth-like exoplanet temperatures from infrared emission spectra
Creators: name: Schreier, Franz
name: Städt, Steffen
name: Wunderlich, Fabian
name: Godolt, Mareike
name: Grenfell, John Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Detailed characterizations of exoplanets are moving to the forefront of planetary science. Temperature is a key marker for understanding atmospheric physics and chemistry. Aims. We aim to retrieve temperatures of N2-O2 dominated atmospheres from secondary eclipse spectroscopic observations of the thermal emission of Earth-like exoplanets orbiting G-, K-, and M-stars using large future space telescopes. Methods. Line-by-line radiative transfer was used to generate synthetic thermal infrared (TIR) observations. Atmospheric temperature is approximated by an expansion with base vectors defined by a singular value decomposition of a matrix comprising representative profiles. Nonlinear least squares fitting is used to estimate the expansion coefficients. Results. Analysis of the $4.3 \rm\,μm$ and $15 \rm\,μm$ CO2 bands in the TIR permits inference of temperatures even for low signal-to-noise (S/N) ~5 at medium resolution. Deviations from the true temperature in the upper troposphere and stratosphere are usually a few Kelvin, with larger deviations in the upper atmosphere and, less often, in the lower troposphere. Although the performance of the two bands is equivalent in most cases, the longwave TIR is more favorable than the shortwave due to increased star-planet contrast. A high spectral resolution, as provided by JWST instruments, is important for retaining sensitivity to the upper atmosphere. Furthermore, the selection of an appropriate set of base functions is also key. Conclusions. Temperature in the mid-atmosphere can be suitably characterized by IR spectroscopy with a resolution of at least 1000 (ideally ~2500). Obtaining the necessary S/N could be feasible with future missions, such as the Origins Space Telescope or the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets. Meanwhile a least squares fitting with appropriate base functions is also applicable for other classes of planets.
description: 22 pages, 22+6 figures. Accepted by A&A 8 December 2019
Additional file 1 of What’s important to you? Socioeconomic inequalities in the perceived importance of health compared to other life domains
Creators: name: Verra, Sanne E.
name: Poelman, Maartje P.
name: Mudd, Andrea L.
name: de Vet, Emely
name: van Rongen, Sofie
name: de Wit, John
name: Kamphuis, Carlijn B.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
An asymptotic formula for marginal running coupling constants and universality of loglog corrections
Creators: name: Mukaida, Hisamitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a two-loop beta function for multiple marginal coupling constants, we derive an asymptotic formula for the running coupling constants driven to an infrared fixed point. It can play an important role in universal loglog corrections to physical quantities.
description: 16 pages; typos fixed, one appendix removed for quick access to the main result; to be published in J. Phys. A
Estimation of the value of convenience in taking influenza antivirals in Japanese adult patients between baloxavir marboxil and neuraminidase inhibitors using a conjoint analysis
Creators: name: Hosogaya, Naoki
name: Takazono, Takahiro
name: Yokomasu, Akira
name: Hiroi, Shinzo
name: Ikeoka, Hidetoshi
name: Iwasaki, Kosuke
name: Takeshima, Tomomi
name: Mukae, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Estimating the monetary value of the convenience of using influenza antivirals approved in Japan from a patient perspective using a conjoint analysis. An online survey (August 2020) was performed on individuals aged 20–64 years living in Japan who had taken oral or inhalant antivirals for influenza treatment in the 2018/19 or 2019/20 seasons. Efficacy and safety were assumed to be equivalent among the antivirals. The attributes for the conjoint analysis included route (oral or inhalant), duration, frequency of administration, and out-of-pocket expenses. A conditional logit model was applied as a baseline model. The monetary value of each attribute was calculated by comparing the same utility of the linearly interpolated level of the out-of-pocket attribute. Another survey to determine the experiences of the latest antiviral intake was also conducted on the same respondents. Of the respondents, 1,550 were men and 1,587 were women. The monetary value for oral antivirals was estimated to be higher, saving JPY 741 (USD 7.06, as of August 2020), compared with inhalant. Regarding the length and frequency of administration, five days corresponds to an increase of JPY 2,072, compared with one day, and twice a day corresponds to a JPY 574 increase compared to once a day. The results suggest that – among the antivirals approved in Japan – the monetary value of the utility is the highest in the single dose oral antiviral, baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir). Although the drug cost was highest in baloxavir among the brand antivirals, the difference in the value of utility for influenza patient was estimated to be larger than the difference in the drug costs. Although individuals with diverse attributes from all over the country were included in the survey, they are not necessarily a representative population of the Japanese society.
The use of multiple actual referenda in a new payment card methodology
Creators: name: Babcock, Quinton
name: Egan, Kevin J.
name: Dwyer, Daryl F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: We present the case for the adoption of a new payment card (PC) methodology, which we call multiple referenda payment card, in contingent valuation (CV) surveys. Our new multiple referenda payment card method uses actual referenda, which appeared on a recent ballot that preceded the survey’s distribution. The cost of these actual referenda to taxpayers is used as the range of cost bids in a usual payment card format for a new advisory environmental public good, the restoration of wetlands. The result is a more realistic framework for respondents to consider our advisory referendum. We compare our new multiple referenda payment card method to a dichotomous choice referenda and show that the new payment card method reduces hypothetical bias such as “yea-saying,” aids in selection of reasonable and realistic cost bids, as well as eliminates the “fat tails” problem.
Additional file 2 of Epidemiology of dengue virus infections in Nepal, 2006–2019
Creators: name: Rijal, Komal Raj
name: Bipin Adhikari
name: Ghimire, Bindu
name: Binod Dhungel
name: Pyakurel, Uttam Raj
name: Shah, Prakash
name: Anup Bastola
name: Binod Lekhak
name: Banjara, Megha Raj
name: Basu Dev Pandey
name: Parker, Daniel M.
name: Ghimire, Prakash
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Negative binomial regression for predictors of dengue fever case incidence at the district level, stratified by year.
Correlating photons using the collective nonlinear response of atoms weakly coupled to an optical mode
Creators: name: Prasad, Adarsh S.
name: Hinney, Jakob
name: Mahmoodian, Sahand
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Rind, Samuel
name: Schneeweiss, Philipp
name: Sørensen, Anders S.
name: Volz, Jürgen
name: Rauschenbeutel, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photons in a nonlinear medium can repel or attract each other, resulting in a strongly correlated quantum many-body system. Typically, such strongly correlated states of light arise from the extreme nonlinearity granted by quantum emitters that are strongly coupled to a photonic mode. However, in these approaches, unavoidable dissipation, like photon loss, blurs nonlinear quantum effects. Here, we generate strongly correlated photon states using only weak coupling and taking advantage of dissipation. We launch light through an ensemble of non-interacting waveguide-coupled atoms, which induce correlations between simultaneously arriving photons through collectively enhanced nonlinear interactions. These correlated photons then experience less dissipation than the uncorrelated ones. Depending on the number of atoms, we experimentally observe strong photon bunching or anti-bunching of the transmitted light. This realization of a collectively enhanced nonlinearity may turn out transformational for quantum information science and opens new avenues for generating nonclassical light, covering frequencies from the microwave to the X-ray regime.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Supercooled vortex liquid and quantitative theory of melting of the flux line lattice in type II superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Dingping
name: Rosenstein, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A metastable homogeneous state exists down to zero temperature in systems of repelling objects. Zero ''fluctuation temperature'' liquid state therefore serves as a (pseudo) ''fixed point'' controlling the properties of vortex liquid below and even around melting point. There exists Madelung constant for the liquid in the limit of zero temperature which is higher than that of the solid by an amount approximately equal to the latent heat of melting. This picture is supported by an exactly solvable large $N$ Ginzburg - Landau model in magnetic field. Based on this understanding we apply Borel - Pade resummation technique to develop a theory of the vortex liquid in type II superconductors. Applicability of the effective lowest Landau level model is discussed and corrections due to higher levels is calculated. Combined with previous quantitative description of the vortex solid the melting line is located. Magnetization, entropy and specific heat jumps along it are calculated. The magnetization of liquid is larger than that of solid by $% 1.8%$ irrespective of the melting temperature. We compare the result with experiments on high $T_{c}$ cuprates $YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7}$, $DyBCO$, low $% T_{c}$ material $(K,Ba)BiO_{3}$ and with Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 28 pages and 4 figures. Enlarged version of paper cond-mat/0107281 with many new contents
The MiMeS survey of Magnetism in Massive Stars: Magnetic properties of the O-type star population
Creators: name: Petit, V.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Kamp, K.
name: Neiner, C.
name: David-Uraz, A.
name: Alecian, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we describe an analysis of the MiMeS Survey of O-type stars to explore the range of dipolar field strengths permitted by the polarisation spectra that do not yield a magnetic detection. We directly model the Stokes V profiles with a dipolar topology model using Bayesian inference. The noise statistics of the Stokes V profiles are in excellent agreement with those of the null profiles. Using a Monte-Carlo approach we conclude that a model in which all the stars in our sample were to host a 100\,G, dipolar magnetic field can be ruled out by the MiMeS data. Furthermore, if all the stars with no detection were to host a magnetic field just below their detection limit, the inferred distribution in strength of these undetected fields would be distinct from the known distribution in strength of the known magnetic O-type stars. This indicates that the Initial magnetic (B-)field Function (IBF) is likely bimodal -- young O-type stars are expected to either have weak/absent magnetic fields, or strong magnetic fields. We also find that better upper limits, by at least a factor of 10, would have been necessary to rule out a detection bias as an explanation for the apparent lack of evolved main-sequence magnetic O-type stars reported in the literature, and we conclude that the MiMeS survey cannot confirm or refute a magnetic flux decay in O-type stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Circumnuclear Shock and Starburst in NGC 6240: Near-IR Imaging and Spectroscopy with Adaptive Optics
Creators: name: Bogdanovic, Tamara
name: Ge, Jian
name: Max, Claire E.
name: Raschke, Lynne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained adaptive optics, high spatial resolution (0.15 arcsecond) K-band spectra and images of the region around the two active nuclei in NGC 6240 which show the presence of circumnuclear shocks. The data are consistent with the thermal excitation mechanism being the dominant one in the nuclear region. UV fluorescence and associative detachment may also contribute to the fraction of the energy emitted through molecular hydrogen transitions. The near-IR continuum emission appears closely associated with the two active nuclei. The morphological similarities between the near-IR images and the Chandra X-ray images indicate the same mechanisms may be responsible for the emission in near-IR and X-ray band.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, to appear in AJ
Collective Grounds: Housing Estates in the European City, 1865–1934
Creators: name: Davidovici, Irina
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: city planning
subject: Housing
subject: HOUSING ESTATES (ARCHITECTURE)
subject: Europe
subject: 19th century
subject: 20th century
subject: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/720

description: This Habilitation thesis focuses on the relation between cities and urban housing estates, understood as ensembles of two or more, medium- to high-density, primarily residential buildings, conceived at the same time and with a level of common administration. The earliest housing estates were conceived islands of hygiene and propriety, kept apart from the decaying physical and moral urban fabric around them. This initial understanding propagated throughout the 20th century a surprisingly robust fiction of the estate as an autonomous unit, which failed to engage with the contradictions and conflicts of the industrial city. As an alternative approach, it might be useful to regard the relationship between the limited order of estates and the wider urban order as a dialectic of autonomy and integration. The manner in which estates relate to th city raises questions about the status of family and community in society. Based on case studies from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the research will examine how ‘common’ areas and shared territories have been planned and used, revealing the social consequences of architectural decisions. At a deeper level, the analysis leads to questions regarding the relationship between planning, design, and inhabitation, extending beyond physical qualities to their cultural significance.
Observation of the resonance frequencies of a stable torus of fluid
Creators: name: Laroche, Claude
name: Bacri, Jean-Claude
name: Devaud, Martin
name: Jamin, Timothée
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first quantitative measurements of the resonance frequencies of a torus of fluid confined in a horizontal Hele-Shaw cell. By using the unwetting property of a metal liquid, we are able to generate a stable torus of fluid with an arbitrary aspect ratio. When subjected to vibrations, the torus displays azimuthal patterns at its outer periphery. These lobes oscillate radially, and their number n depends on the forcing frequency. We report the instability ''tongues'' of the patterns up to n = 25. These resonance frequencies are well explained by adapting to a fluid torus the usual drop model of Lord Rayleigh. This approach could be applied to the modeling of large-scale structures arisen transiently in vortex rings in various domains.
description: in press
Automated Mobility on Demand: A comprehensive simulation study of cost, behaviour and system impact for Zurich
Creators: name: Hörl, Sebastian
name: Becker, Felix
name: Axhausen, Kay W.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020
Subjects: Automated vehicles
AMoD
MATSim
Zurich
Transport simulation
Dynamic demand
Discrete choice

description: Arbeitsberichte Verkehrs- und Raumplanung, 1534
Additional file 1 of Factors associated with food safety compliance among street food vendors in Can Tho city, Vietnam: implications for intervention activity design and implementation
Creators: name: Huynh-Van, Ba
name: Vuong-Thao, Vy
name: Huynh-Thi-Thanh, Tuyen
name: Dang-Xuan, Sinh
name: Huynh-Van, Tung
name: Tran-To, Loan
name: Nguyen-Thi-Thao, Nguyen
name: Huynh-Bach, Cuc
name: Nguyen-Viet, Hung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1.
SVI: Einfluss nicht-verkehrlicher Variablen auf die Verkehrsmittelwahl
Creators: name: Schmid, Basil
name: Stojanovic, Dragana
name: Becker, Felix
name: Axhausen, Kay W.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020
Subjects: Codebook
Eingesessene
Neuzuzüger
Revealed preference
Einstellungsfragen
Pseudo-Panel

description: Travel Survey Metadata Series, 78
Occlusion-aware Multifocal Displays
Creators: name: Jen-Hao Chang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The goal of three-dimensional (3D) displays is to recreate reality by satisfying all perceptual cues used by the human visual system. While many perceptual cues can be replicated by showing 2D images to our eyes, the accommodation cue, or the change of the focal length of the ocular lens, is very difficult to satisfy with today’s 3D displays. This inability to support the focusing of the eyes causes a problem called the vergence-accommodation conflict, which results in visual discomfort after long periods of use. Multifocal displays satisfy the accommodation cue by displaying content on multiple virtual planes, each at a different depth. However, current designs of multifocal displays suffer from a limited number of focal planes and their inability to block light. The small number of focal planes significantly reduces the supported depth range of multifocal displays. The light leaking from the far focal planes also dramatically reduces the contrast of the image formed on the retina and weakens the occlusion cue — another
important perceptual cue used by the human visual system to estimate depth. This dissertation focuses on solving the two limitations of multifocal displays — the paucity of focal
planes and the weak occlusion cue. Specifically, we design and build a multifocal display that can generate a dense focal stack — with an order of magnitude increase in the number of focal planes over existing works. To create proper occlusion cues, we endow multifocal displays with a novel capability to tilt the light emitted by each pixel. We showthat the capability enables multifocal displays to generate occlusion cues without losing spatial resolution. The dissertation also contributes to the theoretical understanding
of multifocal displays. We analyze the domain of light fields that can be generated by multifocal displays and characterize multifocal displays in terms of their depth-of-field, spatial resolution, and the required number of focal planes. The proposed methods enable natural accommodation and occlusion cues that are critical for an
immersive virtual world. Virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) devices stand to benefit significantly
from the advancements made in the dissertation. Moreover, all of the proposed methods require only simple modifications to existing AR/VR displays and are computationally and bandwidth-efficient. In this sense, the technologies are timely and could pave the way to a more immersive AR/VR experience.
Knot polynomials and generalized mutation
Creators: name: Anstee, Richard P.
name: Przytycki, Jozef H.
name: Rolfsen, Dale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: The motivation for this work was to construct a nontrivial knot with trivial Jones polynomial. Although that open problem has not yielded, the methods are useful for other problems in the theory of knot polynomials. The subject of the present paper is a generalization of Conway's mutation of knots and links. Instead of flipping a 2-strand tangle, one flips a many-string tangle to produce a generalized mutant. In the presence of rotational symmetry in that tangle, the result is called a "rotant". We show that if a rotant is sufficiently simple, then its Jones polynomial agrees with that of the original link. As an application, this provides a method of generating many examples of links with the same Jones polynomial, but different Alexander polynomials. Various other knot polynomials, as well as signature, are also invariant under such moves, if one imposes more stringent conditions upon the symmetries. Applications are also given to polynomials of satellites and symmetric knots.
description: 19 pages, 44 figures; e-print (text and figures) prepared by Dr Makiko Ishiwata
Additional file 2 of “Our Choice” improves use of safer conception methods among HIV serodiscordant couples in Uganda: a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating two implementation approaches
Creators: name: Wagner, Glenn J.
name: Wanyenze, Rhoda K.
name: Beyeza-Kashesya, Jolly
name: Gwokyalya, Violet
name: Hurley, Emily
name: Mindry, Deborah
name: Finocchario-Kessler, Sarah
name: Mastula Nanfuka
name: Mahlet G. Tebeka
name: Uzaib Saya
name: Booth, Marika
name: Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie
name: Linnemayr, Sebastian
name: Staggs, Vincent S.
name: Goggin, Kathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 1. Our Choice safer conception counseling topics by session
Verifikation der Sicherungsanlagen ETCS L2 gegenüber den politisch-strategischen Vorgaben
Creators: name: Bomhauer-Beins, Axel
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017

description: Die Schweizerischen Bundesbahnen (SBB) führen netzweit das europäische Zugsicherungssystem ETCS (European Train Control System) ein, sowohl «Level 1 Limited Supervision» (L1 LS) als auch «Level 2» (L2).
Estimating the preferences and willingness-to-pay for colorectal cancer screening: an opportunity to incorporate the perspective of population at risk into policy development in Thailand
Creators: name: Pochamana Phisalprapa
name: Surachat Ngorsuraches
name: Tanatape Wanishayakorn
name: Chayanis Kositamongkol
name: Siripen Supakankunti
name: Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the public health burdens that can be lowered by early detection. This study aims to examine the preferences and willingness-to-pay of a population at risk for CRC screening in Thailand. Understanding the preferences for these individuals at risk would help Thailand, as an example of LMICs, to design effective population-based CRC screening programs. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among screening-naïve adults aged 50–75 years, who were at risk of CRC, in the out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. A DCE questionnaire was developed from six CRC screening attributes. Each questionnaire was composed of six choice sets and each contained two alternatives described by the different levels of attributes and an opt-out alternative. Participants were asked to choose one alternative from each choice set. A multinomial logit model was developed to determine the relative preference of each attribute. The willingness-to-pays for all attributes and screening modalities and the estimated preferred choices of the annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT), 10-yearly colonoscopy, 5-yearly double-contrast barium enema (DCBE), 5-yearly computed tomographic colonography (CTC), 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS), and no screening was calculated and compared. Four hundred participants were included. All attributes, except pain and less bowel preparation, were statistically associated with the participants’ preference (p The risk reduction of CRC-related mortality, complication, screening interval, and cost influenced the CRC screening preferences of Thai adults. FIT was the most preferred. Policymakers can develop a successful CRC screening campaign using these findings, incorporating the perspective of the population at risk in policy formulation to accomplish their goals.
Additional file 1 of Characterizing the effects of different chemicals on stem bending of cut snapdragon flower
Creators: name: Soe, May Thu
name: Naing, Aung Htay
name: Kim, Soo Rin
name: Kim, Chang Kil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences used for the detection of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis and lignin biosynthesis by qRT-PCR.
A Bayesian Filter for Multi-view 3D Multi-object Tracking with Occlusion Handling
Creators: name: Ong, Jonah
name: Vo, Ba Tuong
name: Vo, Ba Ngu
name: Kim, Du Yong
name: Nordholm, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes an online multi-camera multi-object tracker that only requires monocular detector training, independent of the multi-camera configurations, allowing seamless extension/deletion of cameras without retraining effort. The proposed algorithm has a linear complexity in the total number of detections across the cameras, and hence scales gracefully with the number of cameras. It operates in the 3D world frame, and provides 3D trajectory estimates of the objects. The key innovation is a high fidelity yet tractable 3D occlusion model, amenable to optimal Bayesian multi-view multi-object filtering, which seamlessly integrates, into a single Bayesian recursion, the sub-tasks of track management, state estimation, clutter rejection, and occlusion/misdetection handling. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the latest WILDTRACKS dataset, and demonstrated to work in very crowded scenes on a new dataset.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, TPAMI
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of a-axis YBa_2Cu_3O_7-δfilms:k-selectivity and the shape of the superconductor
Creators: name: Sharoni, A.
name: Leibovitch, G.
name: Kohen, A.
name: Beck, R.
name: Deutscher, G.
name: Koren, G.
name: Millo, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling spectroscopy of epitaxial (100) oriented \chem{YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-δ}} films was performed using an STM at 4.2 K. On atomically smooth areas, tunneling spectra revealing clear U-shaped gaps with relatively low zero bias conductance were measured. These spectra can be well fitted to the tunneling theory into a d-wave superconductor only when introducing a strong dependence of the tunneling probability on the wave-vector \emph{\textbf{k}}. Possible origins for this \emph{\textbf{k}}-selectivity in STM measurements will be discussed. On other areas, V-shaped gaps as well as zero bias conductance peaks are observed, indicating relaxation of \emph{\textbf{k}}-selectivity and the effect of nanofaceting, respectively.
description: 7 epl pages, 4 embeded figures
Cardiodactylus Saussure 1878
Creators: name: Robillard, Tony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Cardiodactylus

description: Genus Cardiodactylus Saussure, 1878
 TYPE SPECIES. — Cardiodactylus novaeguineae (Haan, 1842).
 DIAGNOSIS. — Among Lebinthini genera, Cardiodactylus is characterised by its large size, long wings most often with whitish spots in both sexes, male FW venation (Wshaped harp veins, mirror incomplete generally elongated longitudinally), and male genitalia (pseudepiphallic dorso-lateral ridges, posterior apex of pseudepiphallus more or less spoon-like).
description: Published as part of Robillard, Tony, 2014, Review and revision of the century-old types of Cardiodactylus crickets (Grylloidea, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini), pp. 101-125 in Zoosystema 36 (1) on page 104, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n1a7, http://zenodo.org/record/5159141
Mass composition of cosmic rays above 0.1 EeV by the Yakutsk array data
Creators: name: Knurenko, Stanislav
name: Petrov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents the results of the longitudinal development of extensive air showers (X$_{max}$) of ultra-high energies and mass composition of cosmic rays. The measurements of X$_{max}$ are based on data from observations of the Cherenkov radiation at the Yakutsk array for the period 1974-2014. The cascade curves of individual showers and the depth of maximum X$_{max}$ were reconstructed over the energy range 10$^{16}$-5.7$\cdot$10$^{19}$ eV. It is shown that the displacement rate of the parameter dX$_{max}$ / dE in the atmosphere is nonlinear and depends on the energy. Such a feature indicates a change in mass composition, which is confirmed by fluctuations of X$_{max}$ in this energy region. The composition of cosmic rays was determined by interpolation using the QGSJetII-04 model.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in Journal of Advances in Space Research
Additional file 3 of “Our Choice” improves use of safer conception methods among HIV serodiscordant couples in Uganda: a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating two implementation approaches
Creators: name: Wagner, Glenn J.
name: Wanyenze, Rhoda K.
name: Beyeza-Kashesya, Jolly
name: Gwokyalya, Violet
name: Hurley, Emily
name: Mindry, Deborah
name: Finocchario-Kessler, Sarah
name: Mastula Nanfuka
name: Mahlet G. Tebeka
name: Uzaib Saya
name: Booth, Marika
name: Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie
name: Linnemayr, Sebastian
name: Staggs, Vincent S.
name: Goggin, Kathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Table 2. Target skills, training, supervision and fidelity checks for counselors and family planning nurses, by intervention arm
Mechanisms of Spatiotemporal Mode-Locking
Creators: name: Wright, Logan G.
name: Sidorenko, Pavel
name: Pourbeyram, Hamed
name: Ziegler, Zachary M.
name: Isichenko, Andrei
name: Malomed, Boris A.
name: Menyuk, Curtis R.
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
name: Wise, Frank W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mode-locking is a process in which different modes of an optical resonator establish, through nonlinear interactions, stable synchronization. This self-organization underlies light sources that enable many modern scientific applications, such as ultrafast and high-field optics and frequency combs. Despite this, mode-locking has almost exclusively referred to self-organization of light in a single dimension - time. Here we present a theoretical approach, attractor dissection, for understanding three-dimensional (3D) spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML). The key idea is to find, for each distinct type of 3D pulse, a specific, minimal reduced model, and thus to identify the important intracavity effects responsible for its formation and stability. An intuition for the results follows from the 'minimum loss principle,' the idea that a laser strives to find the configuration of intracavity light that minimizes loss (maximizes gain extraction). Through this approach, we identify and explain several distinct forms of STML. These novel phases of coherent laser light have no analogues in 1D and are supported by experimental measurements of the three-dimensional field, revealing STML states comprising more than $10^7$ cavity modes. Our results should facilitate the discovery and understanding of new higher-dimensional forms of coherent light which, in turn, may enable new applications.
Cost-effectiveness of topical glycopyrronium tosylate for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis
Creators: name: Bloudek, Lisa M.
name: Gillard, Kristin Khalaf
name: Nguyen, Victor B.
name: Klein, Stephanie Zone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Primary axillary hyperhidrosis (PAHH) is a condition characterized by excessive sweating that negatively impacts health-related quality of life, with significant psychological and social impacts. Glycopyrronium tosylate (GT) is a topical anticholinergic approved in the United States for treatment of PAHH in patients 9 years of age and older. Our objective was to assess the cost-effectiveness of GT as first-line topical therapy compared to topical aluminum chloride from a United States commercial perspective. A Markov model was developed consisting of four health states based on the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) over a time horizon of 5 years with discount rates of 3% for both costs and outcomes. Transitions between health states were driven by HDSS response, defined as an improvement of ≥2 points. Non-responders and those who discontinue could switch to later line treatments or no treatment. Health utility scores were based on HDSS scores, supported by published literature. Over 5 years, GT yielded 0.12 greater QALYs and 0.93 greater LYs with response compared to treatment with prescription aluminum chloride at an incremental cost of $10,584. Relative to prescription aluminum chloride, GT resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $87,238 per QALY gained, $11,349 per LY with response. The ICER fell below $100,000 for 66% of probabilistic sensitivity analysis simulations and below $150,000 for 82% of simulations. This analysis represents a simplified scenario of a hypothetical PAHH patient. Due to sparse data, assumptions were required for treatment patterns, efficacy, and persistence. Based on the analysis of incremental cost per QALY gained, GT may be cost-effective relative to prescription aluminum chloride at commonly accepted willingness to pay thresholds.
On the anti-cancer effect of cold atmospheric plasma and the possible role of catalase-dependent apoptotic pathways
Creators: name: Bengtson, Charlotta
name: Bogaerts, Annemie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising new agent for (selective) cancer treatment, but the underlying cause of the anti-cancer effect of CAP is not well understood yet. Among different theories and observations, one theory in particular has been postulated in great detail and consists of a very complex network of reactions that are claimed to account for the anti-cancer effect of CAP. Here, the key concept is a reactivation of two specific apoptotic cell signaling pathways through catalase inactivation caused by CAP. Thus, it is postulated that the anti-cancer effect of CAP is due to its ability to inactivate catalase, either directly or indirectly. A theoretical investigation of the proposed theory, especially the role of catalase inactivation, can contribute to the understanding of the underlying cause of the anti-cancer effect of CAP. In the present study, we develop a mathematical model to analyze the proposed catalase-dependent anti-cancer effect of CAP. Our results show that a catalase-dependent reactivation of the two apoptotic pathways of interest is unlikely to contribute to the observed anti-cancer effect of CAP. Thus, we believe that other theories of the underlying cause should be considered and evaluated to gain knowledge about the principles of CAP-induced cancer cell death.
Ferromagnetic and random spin ordering in diluted magnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Kaminski, A.
name: Galitski, Victor
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a diluted magnetic semiconductor system, the exchange interaction between magnetic impurities has two independent components: a direct antiferromagnetic interaction and a ferromagnetic interaction mediated by charge carriers. Depending on the system parameters, the ground state of the system may be ordered either ferromagnetically or randomly. In this paper we use percolation theory to find the ferromagnetic transition temperature and the location of the quantum critical point separating the ferromagnetic phase and a valence bond glass phase.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, a reference added
Additional file 1 of Misbeliefs about non-specific low back pain and attitudes towards treatment by primary care providers in Spain: a qualitative study
Creators: name: García-Martínez, Ester
name: Soler-González, Jorge
name: Blanco-Blanco, Joan
name: Rubí-Carnacea, Francesc
name: Masbernat-Almenara, María
name: Valenzuela-Pascual, Fran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Diffuse X-ray emission in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Tyler, K.
name: Quillen, A. C.
name: La Page, A.
name: Rieke, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the soft diffuse X-ray emission from Chandra images of 12 nearby intermediate inclination spiral galaxies to the morphology seen in Halpha, molecular gas, and mid-infrared emission. We find that diffuse X-ray emission is often located along spiral arms in the outer parts of spiral galaxies but tends to be distributed in a rounder morphology in the center. The X-ray morphology in the spiral arms matches that seen in the mid-infrared or Halpha and so implies that the X-ray emission is associated with recent active star formation. We see no strong evidence for X-ray emission trailing the location of high mass star formation in spiral arms. However, population synthesis models predict a high mechanical energy output rate from supernovae for a time period that is about 10 times longer than the lifetime of massive ionizing stars, conflicting with the narrow appearance of the arms in X-rays. The fraction of supernova energy that goes into heating the ISM must depend on environment and is probably higher near sites of active star formation. The X-ray estimated emission measures suggest that the volume filling factors and scale heights are high in the galaxy centers but low in the outer parts of these galaxies. The differences between the X-ray properties and morphology in the centers and outer parts of these galaxies suggest that galactic fountains operate in outer galaxy disks but that winds are primarily driven from galaxy centers.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, to be submitted to ApJ
Additional file 2 of Misbeliefs about non-specific low back pain and attitudes towards treatment by primary care providers in Spain: a qualitative study
Creators: name: García-Martínez, Ester
name: Soler-González, Jorge
name: Blanco-Blanco, Joan
name: Rubí-Carnacea, Francesc
name: Masbernat-Almenara, María
name: Valenzuela-Pascual, Fran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Supplemental Information from The mechanics of nectar offloading in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris and implications for optimal concentrations during nectar foraging
Creators: name: Pattrick, Jonathan G.
name: Symington, Hamish A.
name: Federle, Walter
name: Glover, Beverley J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary methods; models of sucrose transfer rates and foraging energetics
Melting of the vortex lattice in high $T_{c}$ superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Dingping
name: Rosenstein, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise measurements of vortex melting point towards a need to develop a quantitative theoretical description of thermal fluctuations in vortex matter. To tackle the difficult problem of melting, the description of both the solid and the liquid phase should reach the precision level well below 0.1%. Such a theory in the framework of the Ginzburg - Landau approach is presented. The melting line location is determined and magnetization, specific heat jumps along it are calculated. We find that the magnetization in the liquid is larger than that in the solid by 1.8% regardless of the melting temperature, while the specific heat jump is about 6% and slowly decreases with temperature. The magnetization curves agree with experimental results on $YBCO$ and Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 4 pages and 3 figures
Additional file 4 of “Our Choice” improves use of safer conception methods among HIV serodiscordant couples in Uganda: a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating two implementation approaches
Creators: name: Wagner, Glenn J.
name: Wanyenze, Rhoda K.
name: Beyeza-Kashesya, Jolly
name: Gwokyalya, Violet
name: Hurley, Emily
name: Mindry, Deborah
name: Finocchario-Kessler, Sarah
name: Mastula Nanfuka
name: Mahlet G. Tebeka
name: Uzaib Saya
name: Booth, Marika
name: Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie
name: Linnemayr, Sebastian
name: Staggs, Vincent S.
name: Goggin, Kathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Table 3. Criteria for determining accurate use of timed condomless intercourse (TCI) and manual self-insemination (MSI)