cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TANDEM: Prioritizing Wireless Communication for Robust Industrial Process Control
Creators: name: Naumann, Roman
name: Dietzel, Stefan
name: Wartschinski, Laura
name: Schumacher, Ben
name: Scheuermann, Björn
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: The trend towards smart factories necessitates protocols for wireless transmission of production process information. Protocols must transfer process information timely even with temporary wireless interference on the factory floor and regardless of machines' location in the network topology. TANDEM is a topology-independent wireless multi-hop network protocol that implements in-network prioritization to provide a useful, early approximation of process information. Tailored to often required time series data transmission, TANDEM applies a time-frequency transformation to prioritize more valuable information parts, decouples multi-hop communication steps to improve robustness, and uses a periodic acknowledgment overhearing mechanism to save transmissions. We analytically discuss reliability and fairness aspects and show using simulations that TANDEM's prioritization is beneficial to obtain an early preview of sensor information even in large factories. In addition, we implement TANDEM on industrial grade hardware and provide a performance evaluation.
Database of Articles with Open Science Badges: 2020-02-21 Snapshot
Creators: name: Kambouris, Steven
name: Singleton Thorn, Felix
name: Van den Akker, Olmo
name: de Jonge, M
name: Rüffer, Franziska
name: Head, Andrew
name: Fidler, Fiona
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This is a dataset containing the bibliographic details of 1,663 journal articles. The bibliographic record for each article is annotated with one or more tags indicating which Open Science badge(s) the article has been awarded. This "snapshot" dataset represents the state of the Open Science Badges database at 2020-02-21.
Integrated methodology for production related risk management of vehicle electronics (IMPROVE)
Creators: name: Geis, Stefan Rafael
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risikomanagement
Fahrzeugindustrie
Produktion
Produktgestaltung / Standardisierung
Montage
Kraftfahrzeugelektrik
Fallbasiertes Schließen
Wissensmanagement
Technisches Risikomanagement
Ganzheitliche Methodik
Elektrik / Elektronik
Produktionsgerechte Produktgestaltung
Methodologie

description: This scientific work is designated to provide an innovative and integrated conceptional approach to improve the assembly quality of automotive electronics. This is achieved by the reduction and elimination of production related risks of automotive electronics and the implementation of a sustainable solution process. The focus is the development and implementation of an integrated technical risk management approach for automotive electronics throughout the vehicle life cycle and the vehicle production planning process.
Integrating Bridge Information Modeling (BRIM), Bridge Sustainability Rating System (BRSRS), Bridge Environmental Performance Strategy Mapping (BREPSM) and Cost Estimating At the Conceptual Design Stage
Creators: name: Elgayar, Aly
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sustainable
Infrastructure
Project
Management
Bridges
Rating
System
Evaluation

description: Bridges are crucial infrastructure for urban development as cities rely heavily on various modes of transportation for access and mobility. In an effort to fill the gap in the knowledge and methodology used in the construction of sustainable bridges, a model is developed using the concept of BrIM having the capabilities to develop bridges at the conceptual design stage, which offers ample versatility to influence stakeholders’ decisions towards sustainable bridge design. The model incorporates a knowledge-based decision support system and four modules namely: BrIM module; the first ever Bridge Sustainability Rating System (BrSRS) module; Bridge Environmental Performance Strategy Map (BrEPSM) module; and a conceptual cost estimating module. The model takes fundamental data input and processes it through the knowledge-based system established based on MTO’s Highway Geometric Design and the Navigational Waterways Clearance guidelines. The sustainability capabilities of the model are broken into two sub- modules; a BrSRS was developed by using the amalgamation of various existent highways and roads sustainability rating systems and by considering the introduction of bridge design. The system mimics the style of LEED as users can select from a weighted list of sustainable construction activities and materials to accumulate credits towards a sustainability classification. The second includes a BrEPSM that the forecasts footprints levels of bridge projects based on 5 footprint indicators namely; carbon; water; energy; emissions; and work environment with data obtained from Statistics Canada pertaining to each footprint illustrated on a radar graph. The third module takes the knowledge-based output and presents it in 3D mode via AutoCAD allowing users to alter the drawing’s dimensions and accordingly the model reiterates the calculations based on the changes made in the 3D CAD model. The final module generates an approximate cost estimate of the conceptually designed bridge, which is ideal for the feasibility study of the project.
Noncompact manifolds that are inward tame
Creators: name: Guilbault, Craig R.
name: Tinsley, Frederick C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N15, 57R65, 57N65

description: We continue our study of ends of non-compact manifolds, with a focus on the inward tameness condition. For manifolds with compact boundary, inward tameness, has significant implications. For example, such manifolds have stable homology at infinity in all dimensions. We show that these manifolds have 'almost perfectly semistable' fundamental group at each end. That observation leads to further analysis of group theoretic conditions at infinity, and to the notion of a 'near pseudo-collar' structure. We obtain a complete characterization of n-manifolds (n>5) admitting such a structure, thereby generalizing earlier work. We also construct examples illustrating the necessity and usefulness of new conditions introduced here. Variations on the notion of a perfect group, with corresponding versions of the Quillen Plus Construction, form an underlying theme.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures
Assessing the Structural and Alteration Controls on Gold Mineralization at Detour Lake Mine, Ontario, Canada
Creators: name: Dubosq, Renelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: pyrite
EBSD
LA-ICP-MS
diffusion

description: The giant Detour Lake deposit is a Neoarchean orogenic Au ore body located in the northwestern Abitibi district within the Superior Province. The deposit is situated along the high strain Sunday Lake Deformation Zone (SLDZ) parallel to the broadly E-W trending Abitibi greenstone belt. The lower amphibolite facies assemblage (Act-Bt-Pl-Ep-Alm ±Cal ±Qz ±Ilm) suggests maximum temperatures reaching 550°C, exceeding conditions for pyrite plasticity, an important and ubiquitous Au-bearing phase that may ultimately represent the source for Au at orogenic style Au deposits. The metamorphic assemblage also obscures the relationship between Au and biotite, a visual indicator mineral within Au-rich ore zones. This work combines microstructural, geochemical and geochronological analyses to assess the influence of regional scale deformation and alteration on Au mineralization. EBSD and LA-ICP-MS analyses on pyrite reveal Au enrichment at microstructures supporting a syn- to post-peak metamorphic and deformation-assisted Au upgrading model. EMPA and 40Ar/39Ar analyses on biotite reveal one chemically homogeneous population, which yield variably reset ages that post-date regional metamorphism and Au mineralization.
Topological Properties of Electrons in Honeycomb Lattice with Kekulé Hopping Textures
Creators: name: Wu, Long-Hua
name: Hu, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Honeycomb lattice can support electronic states exhibiting Dirac energy dispersion, with graphene as the icon. We propose to derive nontrivial topology by grouping six neighboring sites of honeycomb lattice into hexagons and enhancing the inter-hexagon hopping energies over the intra-hexagon ones. We reveal that this manipulation opens a gap in the energy dispersion and drives the system into a topological state. The nontrivial topology is characterized by the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index associated with a pseudo time-reversal symmetry emerging from the $C_6$ symmetry of the Kekulé hopping texture, where the angular momentum of orbitals accommodated on the hexagonal "artificial atoms" behaves as the pseudospin. The size of topological gap is proportional to the hopping-integral difference, which can be larger than typical spin-orbit couplings by orders of magnitude and potentially renders topological electronic transports available at high temperatures.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Redescription and validation of Bothriechis supraciliaris (Serpentes: Viperidae)
Creators: name: Solórzano, Alejandro
name: Gómez, Luis D.
name: Monge-Nájera, Julián
name: Crother, Brian I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The populations of pitvipers from south western Costa Rica, have traditionally been identified as Bothriechis schlegelii (Berthold). However, in 1954 E. H. Taylor described one specimen from the area as a new subspecies, B. schlegelii supraciliaris. Werman returned supraciliaris to synonymy with schlegelii four decades later. However, morphometry and color pattern in a SW Costa Rica population (25 specimens) differ from those of specimens (N=57) from other parts of Costa Rica and from descriptions of South American specimens. Here the epithet Bothriechis schlegelii supraciliaris Taylor 1954. is reestablished as a valid taxon and elevated to specific rank as B. supraciliaris stat.nov. It is closely related to B. schlegelii from which it differs by its color patterns based on a uniform ground color with polymorphic dorsal designs, and its lower counts of ventral and caudal scales.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Exactly solvable $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric models in two dimensions
Creators: name: Agarwal, Kaustubh S.
name: Pathak, Rajeev K.
name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-hermitian, $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians, experimentally realized in optical systems, accurately model the properties of open, bosonic systems with balanced, spatially separated gain and loss. We present a family of exactly solvable, two-dimensional, $\mathcal{PT}$ potentials for a non-relativistic particle confined in a circular geometry. We show that the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry threshold can be tuned by introducing a second gain-loss potential or its hermitian counterpart. Our results explicitly demonstrate that $\mathcal{PT}$ breaking in two dimensions has a rich phase diagram, with multiple re-entrant $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric phases.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Broadband amplifiers for high data rates using InP/InGaAs double heterojunction bipolar transistors
Creators: name: Schneider, Karl
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: bipolar transistor amplifier
distributed amplifier
hetojunction bipolar transistor
transistor model
transistor optimization

description: This work describes the development process of state-of-the-art electrical broadband amplifiers, which are suitable as modulator drivers in electrical time division multiplex (ETDM) systems, operating at 80 Gbit/s. The realization is successfully accomplished in three major development steps: optimization of the transistor geometry of InP-based Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (DHBT), extraction of large- and small-signal models, and design and realization of lumped and distributed amplifiers.
Outflowing Diffuse Gas in the Active Galactic Nucleus of NGC 1068
Creators: name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Mason, R. E.
name: Oka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectra of the archetypal Type II Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 in a narrow wavelength interval near 3.7 microns have revealed a weak absorption feature due to two lines of the molecular ion H3+. The observed wavelength of the feature corresponds to velocity of -70 km/s relative to the systemic velocity of the galaxy, implying an outward flow from the nucleus along the line of sight. The absorption by H3+ along with the previously known broad hydrocarbon absorption at 3.4~microns probably are formed in diffuse gas that is in close proximity to the continuum source, i.e. within a few tens of parsecs of the central engine. Based on that conclusion and the measured H3+ absorption velocity and with the assumption of a spherically symmetric wind we estimate a rate of mass outflow from the AGN of ~1 Msun/yr.
description: Accepted by ApJ 2 Sep 2015
Strategies Utilizing Notch Signaling for Regenerative Potential of the Circulatory System
Creators: name: Paik, Na Yoon
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Notch signaling plays a vital role in various cellular processes and is essential for various developmental and physiological functions. Here, we focus on two processes in the circulatory system – regulating hematopoiesis and maintaining the integrity of the pulmonary vasculature. Hematopoietic stem cells have great potential for treating hematological and immunological diseases through hematopoietic stem cell transplants. However, the limited availability of human leukocyte antigen-matched donors and a sufficient supply of hematopoietic stem cells pose challenges, and the development of an ex vivo culture method capable of preserving hematopoietic stem cells with self-renewal and differentiation capability is highly desired. In this study, we have established a bioengineered ex vivo culture system that mimics the hematopoietic niche found in the liver. We have achieved the maintenance and expansion of functional hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cells and investigated the role of Notch signaling in promoting expansion with our cultured system. We have also investigated the role of Notch signaling in the context of regulating vascular permeability. While the role of Notch signaling in endothelial cells have been extensively studies, its involvement in maintaining vascular integrity has only recently been explored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Notch transcriptional signaling and identified a novel downstream target gene that regulates vascular permeability in the lung.
Single Image Dehazing through Improved Atmospheric Light Estimation
Creators: name: Lu, Huimin
name: Li, Yujie
name: Nakashima, Shota
name: Serikawa, Seiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image contrast enhancement for outdoor vision is important for smart car auxiliary transport systems. The video frames captured in poor weather conditions are often characterized by poor visibility. Most image dehazing algorithms consider to use a hard threshold assumptions or user input to estimate atmospheric light. However, the brightest pixels sometimes are objects such as car lights or streetlights, especially for smart car auxiliary transport systems. Simply using a hard threshold may cause a wrong estimation. In this paper, we propose a single optimized image dehazing method that estimates atmospheric light efficiently and removes haze through the estimation of a semi-globally adaptive filter. The enhanced images are characterized with little noise and good exposure in dark regions. The textures and edges of the processed images are also enhanced significantly.
description: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2015)
Unidirectional dissipative soliton operation in an-normal-dispersion bidirectional Yb-doped fiber laser without an isolator
Creators: name: Li, Daojing
name: Shen, Deyuan
name: Li, Lei
name: Chen, Hao
name: Tang, Dingyuan
name: Zhao, Luming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate self-started unidirectional dissipative soliton operation and noise-like pulse operation in an all-normal-dispersion bidirectional Yb-doped fiber laser mode-locked by nonlinear polarization rotation. The laser works unidirectional once mode locking was achieved due to the cavity directional nonlinearity asymmetry along with the nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking mechanism.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Translation, Validation and Reliability Assessment of a Questionnaire for studying the Knowledge, Awareness and Perception of Prostate Cancer in Ghanaian Market Women.
Creators: name: Wiafe, Ebenezer
name: Mensah, Kofi
name: Bangalee, Varsha
name: Oosthuizen, Frasia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project is an initial project that aims to translate, validate and conduct a reliability assessment of a designed questionnaire.
Sparse solutions of linear Diophantine equations
Creators: name: Aliev, Iskander
name: De Loera, Jesus A.
name: Oertel, Timm
name: O'Neill, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present structural results on solutions to the Diophantine system $A{\boldsymbol y} = {\boldsymbol b}$, ${\boldsymbol y} \in \mathbb Z^t_{\ge 0}$ with the smallest number of non-zero entries. Our tools are algebraic and number theoretic in nature and include Siegel's Lemma, generating functions, and commutative algebra. These results have some interesting consequences in discrete optimization.
A Comparison of Trunk Rotation Flexibility and Trunk Rotation Kinematics During Throwing between Division I Collegiate Softball Position Players With and Without a History of Shoulder or Elbow Pain
Creators: name: Aragon, Veronica J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Throwing is a whole body movement that requires the transfer of energy via the trunk from the lower extremity to the upper extremity. Ineffective transfer of energy is thought to cause abnormal stresses on the joints of the throwing arm, that lead to injury. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk kinematics during throwing and trunk flexibility between softball position players with and without a history of shoulder/elbow pain. Trunk rotation kinematics at three time points during throwing and trunk rotation flexibility measured with three clinical tests were compared between groups. Results revealed that limited trunk flexibility measured using the half kneeling rotation test with the bar in back was associated with a history of shoulder/elbow pain. Trunk rotation kinematics was not different between groups. The clinical test may be used by clinicians to identify softball players who may be at increased risk for developing shoulder/elbow pain.
Modeling of Inelastic Collisions in a Multifluid Plasma: Excitation and Deexcitation
Creators: name: Le, H. P.
name: Cambier, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe here a model for inelastic collisions for electronic excitation and deexcitation processes in a general, multifluid plasma. The model is derived from kinetic theory, and applicable to any mixture and mass ratio. The principle of detailed balance is strictly enforced, and the model is consistent with all asymptotic limits. The results are verified with direct Monte Carlo calculations, and various numerical tests are conducted for the case of an electron-hydrogen two-fluid system, using a generic, semi-classical model of collision cross sections. We find that in some cases, the contribution of inelastic collisions to the momentum and thermal resistance coefficients is not negligible, in contrast to the assumptions of current multifluid models. This fundamental model is also applied to ionization and recombination processes, the studies on which are currently underway.
description: 11 figures, submitted for publication
Entangled collective-spin states of atomic ensembles under non-uniform atom-light interaction
Creators: name: Hu, Jiazhong
name: Chen, Wenlan
name: Vendeiro, Zachary
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Vuletić, Vladan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the optical generation and verification of entanglement in atomic ensembles under non-uniform interaction between the ensemble and an optical mode. We show that for a wide range of parameters a system of non-uniformly coupled atomic spins can be described as an ensemble of uniformly coupled spins with a reduced effective atom-light coupling and a reduced effective atom number, with a reduction factor of order unity given by the ensemble-mode geometry. This description is valid even for complex entangled states with arbitrary phase-space distribution functions as long as the detection does not resolve single spins. Furthermore, we derive an analytic formula for the observable entanglement in the case, of relevance in practice, where the ensemble-mode coupling differs between state generation and measurement.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Characterization of Kepler-91b and the Investigation of a Potential Trojan Companion Using EXONEST
Creators: name: Placek, Ben
name: Knuth, Kevin H.
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presented here is an independent re-analysis of the Kepler light curve of Kepler-91 (KIC 8219268). Using the EXONEST software package, which provides both Bayesian parameter estimation and Bayesian model testing, we were able to re-confirm the planetary nature of Kepler-91b. In addition to the primary and secondary eclipses of Kepler-91b, a third dimming event appears to occur approximately $60^o$ away (in phase) from the secondary eclipse, leading to the hypothesis that a Trojan planet may be located at the L4 or L5 Lagrange points. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of four possibilities to explain the observed dimming event using all available photometric data from the Kepler Space Telescope, recently obtained radial velocity measurements, and N-body simulations. We find that the photometric model describing Kepler-91b and a Trojan planet is highly favored over the model involving Kepler-91b alone. However, it predicts an unphysically high temperature for the Trojan companion, leading to the conclusion that the extra dimming event is likely a false-postive.
description: Accepted at The Astrophysical Journal
Identification of simple reaction coordinates from complex dynamics
Creators: name: McGibbon, Robert T.
name: Husic, Brooke E.
name: Pande, Vijay S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Reaction coordinates are widely used throughout chemical physics to model and understand complex chemical transformations. We introduce a definition of the natural reaction coordinate, suitable for condensed phase and biomolecular systems, as a maximally predictive one-dimensional projection. We then show this criterion is uniquely satisfied by a dominant eigenfunction of an integral operator associated with the ensemble dynamics. We present a new sparse estimator for these eigenfunctions which can search through a large candidate pool of structural order parameters and build simple, interpretable approximations that employ only a small number of these order parameters. Example applications with a small molecule's rotational dynamics and simulations of protein conformational change and folding show that this approach can filter through statistical noise to identify simple reaction coordinates from complex dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Relativistic few-body methods
Creators: name: Polyzou, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the role of relativistic quantum mechanics in few-body physics, various formulations of relativistic few-body quantum mechanics and how they are related.
description: Contribution to the \it 21-st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, 8 pages, 2 figures
Quantum Predictive Filtering
Creators: name: Grimsmo, Arne L.
name: Still, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How can relevant information be extracted from a quantum process? In many situations, only some part of the total information content produced by an information source is useful. Can one then find an efficient encoding, in the sense of retaining the largest fraction of relevant information? This paper offers one possible solution by giving a generalization of a classical method designed to retain as much relevant information as possible in a lossy data compression. A key feature of the method is to introduce a second information source to define relevance. We quantify the advantage a quantum encoding has over the best classical encoding in general, and we demonstrate using examples that a substantial quantum advantage is possible. A main result, however, is that if the relevant information is purely classical, then a classical encoding is optimal.
Copenhagen Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Hollowood, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our quantum mechanics courses, measurement is usually taught in passing, as an ad-hoc procedure involving the ugly collapse of the wave function. No wonder we search for more satisfying alternatives to the Copenhagen interpretation. But this overlooks the fact that the approach fits very well with modern measurement theory with its notions of the conditioned state and quantum trajectory. In addition, what we know of as the Copenhagen interpretation is a later 1950's development and some of the earlier pioneers like Bohr did not talk of wave function collapse. In fact, if one takes these earlier ideas and mixes them with later insights of decoherence, a much more satisfying version of Copenhagen quantum mechanics emerges, one for which the collapse of the wave function is seen to be a harmless book keeping device. Along the way, we explain why chaotic systems lead to wave functions that spread out quickly on macroscopic scales implying that Schrodinger cat states are the norm rather than curiosities generated in physicists' laboratories. We then describe how the conditioned state of a quantum system depends crucially on how the system is monitored illustrating this with the example of a decaying atom monitored with a time of arrival photon detector, leading to Bohr's quantum jumps. On the other hand, other kinds of detection lead to much smoother behaviour, providing yet another example of complementarity. Finally we explain how classical behaviour emerges, including classical mechanics but also thermodynamics.
description: 28 pages, to appear in Contemporary Physics
Modellierung von turbulenten Kohlenwasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Diffusionsflammen und deren Beeinflussung durch reaktionstechnische Parameter
Creators: name: Schön, Astrid
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Verbrennung
Flamelet-Modell
Turbulenz
Turbulente Strömung
Flamme
Numerische Strömungssimulation
Chemische Reaktion
Reaktionskinetik
Reaktionsm

description: Verbrennungsreaktionen spielen im alltäglichen Leben und in der chemischen Industrie eine große Rolle. Wichtige Ziele bei Verbrennungsprozessen stellen die genaue Vorhersagbarkeit der strömungsmechanischen Wärme- und Stofftransportvorgänge und eine detaillierte Beschreibung des reaktiven Stoffumsatzes dar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die numerische Simulation verwendet um technische Verbrennungssysteme zu untersuchen.
First law of black hole mechanics in variable background fields
Creators: name: Wu, Shao-Feng
name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that in general theories of gravity with the diffeomorphism symmetry, the black hole entropy is a Noether charge. But what will happen if the symmetry is explicitly broken? By investigating the covariant first law of black hole mechanics with background fields, we show that the Noether entropy is still applicable due to the local nature of the black hole entropy. Moreover, motivated by the proposal that the cosmological constant behaves as a thermodynamic variable, we allow the non-dynamical background fields to be varied. To illustrate this general formalism, we study a generic static black brane in the massive gravity. Using the first law and the scaling argument, we obtain two Smarr formulas. We show that both of them can be retrieved without relying on the first law, hence providing a self-consistent check of the theory.
description: 15 pages, presentation improved, clarifications and references added
Spatial heterogeneity of phylogenetically diverse orange and white Beggiatoa mats in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments
Creators: name: McKay, Luke Justin
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Sulfide-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Beggiatoa form colorful mats on the seafloor above active hydrothermal seeps at Guaymas Basin. 113 temperature profiles were taken around 15 Beggiatoa mats to investigate spatial relationships between mat color and hydrothermal seeps. Average in situ temperatures of phylogenetically diverse orange and white filaments are 8-12 degree C, indicating that Guaymas Beggiatoa live in relatively cool conditions. Average temperatures 40 centimeters beneath all Beggiatoa mats are approximately 90C. Orange filaments are usually concentrated over hotter subsurface temperatures in the center of a mat than the major concentration of white filaments at the periphery; however, the range of subsurface temperatures changes from one mat to another. Elevated temperature profiles beneath orange Beggiatoa correlate with the shallowest sulfide accumulation maxima. We propose that spatial heterogeneity of orange and white filaments in a Guaymas Beggiatoa mat is controlled by delivery of, and proximity to, energy sources in the shallow subsurface.
Tunneling dynamics of two interacting one-dimensional particles
Creators: name: Gharashi, Seyed Ebrahim
name: Blume, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present one-dimensional simulation results for the cold atom tunneling experiments by the Heidelberg group [G. Zürn {\em{et al.}}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf{108}}, 075303 (2012) and G. Zürn {\em{et al.}}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf{111}}, 175302 (2013)] on one or two $^6$Li atoms confined by a potential that consists of an approximately harmonic optical trap plus a linear magnetic field gradient. At the non-interacting particle level, we find that the WKB (Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) approximation may not be used as a reliable tool to extract the trapping potential parameters from the experimentally measured tunneling data. We use our numerical calculations along with the experimental tunneling rates for the non-interacting system to reparameterize the trapping potential. The reparameterized trapping potentials serve as input for our simulations of two interacting particles. For two interacting (distinguishable) atoms on the upper branch, we reproduce the experimentally measured tunneling rates, which vary over several orders of magnitude, fairly well. For infinitely strong interaction strength, we compare the time dynamics with that of two identical fermions and discuss the implications of fermionization on the dynamics. For two attractively-interacting atoms on the molecular branch, we find that single-particle tunneling dominates for weakly-attractive interactions while pair tunneling dominates for strongly-attractive interactions. Our first set of calculations yields qualitative but not quantitative agreement with the experimentally measured tunneling rates. We obtain quantitative agreement with the experimentally measured tunneling rates if we allow for a weakened radial confinement.
description: 20 pages (including Appendices A-H), 14 figures
The Negative Effects of Free Trade Agreements on Survival Migration: The Mexico-US and Morocco-EU agreements compared
Creators: name: Juarez, Melina
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Although immigration is not a new phenomenon, the changing dynamics of our modern world have put the issue at the forefront of national and international discourse. However, immigration is viewed as a voluntary act and is addressed differently from other forms of movement, such as those of refugees and asylum seekers. Yet, immigration is often spurred by factors outside the immigrant's control. This paper examines the role of free trade agreements in creating and exacerbating the socioeconomic conditions that serve as push factors of immigration. Two case studies are analyzed: the North American Free Trade Agreement focusing on Mexico and the United States and the Association Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and Morocco. Both case studies are used as examples of the disruptive nature of free trade and to show how survival migration is an externality of such agreements.
Hydraulische Steuerung einer Wasser-Alkohol-Zirkulation mittels Grundwasser-Zirkulations-Brunnen
Creators: name: Heinrich, Klaas E.
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Grundwasser
Zirkulation
Brunnen
Grundwassersanierung
Alkohol
Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe

description: Derzeit existiert keine Alternative mit DNAPL kontaminierte Böden hydraulisch sicher und mit hoher Effizienz zu reinigen. Die untersuchte neue in-situ Sanierungstechnologie jedoch verspricht dies: Die Kombination des Verfahrens der Alkohol-Spülung mit der Sanierungstechnik des Grundwasser-Zirkulations-Brunnen (GZB).
Interaktive 3D-Modellerfassung mittels One-Shot-Musterprojektion und Schneller Registrierung
Creators: name: Gockel, Tilo
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Triangulierung
Profil
Oberfläche
Oberflächenprüfung
Optische Messtechnik
Optische Messung
Messtechnik
Kalibrieren

description: Ein noch offenes Problem der optischen 3D-Modellerfassung ist die Notwendigkeit einer zeitintensiven, manuell gestützten Montage mehrerer Ansichten bzw. Tiefenbilder zu einem geschlossenen 3D-Oberflächenmodell. Könnte dieser Vorgang der sog. 3D-Registrierung in den Scanprozess verlagert werden, so könnte das bisher erfasste Gesamtergebnis dem Anwender visualisiert werden und dieser hätte die Möglichkeit, interaktiv auf noch nicht erfasste Bereiche einzugehen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird hierzu ein neuer Ansatz entwickelt und vorgestellt.
Calculating entropy at different scales among diverse communication systems
Creators: name: Febres, Gerardo
name: Jaffe, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We evaluated the impact of changing the observation scale over the entropy measures for text descriptions. MIDI coded Music, computer code and two human natural languages were studied at the scale of characters, words, and at the Fundamental Scale resulting from adjusting the symbols length used to interpret each text-description until it produced minimum entropy. The results show that the Fundamental Scale method is comparable with the use of words when measuring entropy levels in written texts. However, this method can also be used in communication systems lacking words such as music. Measuring symbolic entropy at the fundamental scale allows to calculate quantitatively, relative levels of complexity for different communication systems. The results open novel vision on differences among the structure of the communication systems studied.
description: 27 pages, 6 Figures, 6 Tables
Internetspezifische Wettbewerbsverstöße
Creators: name: Mohr, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Wettbewerbsrecht
UWG-Novelle
E-Mail-Werbung
Hyperlinks
Suchmaschinen-Marketing

description: Die Arbeit untersucht in ihrem ersten Teil die Auswirkungen der UWG-Novelle und der jüngeren Rechtsprechung auf die Problemkreise der unverlangten E-Mail-Werbung, des Einsatzes von Hyperlinks und der Beeinflussung von Suchmaschinen. In ihrem zweiten Teil wendet sie sich der Bedeutung technischer Schutzmaßnahmen für die lauterkeitsrechtliche Bewertung zu.
Leistung des Menschen am Bildschirmarbeitsplatz. Das Kurzzeitgedächtnis als Schranke menschlicher Belastbarkeit in der Konkurrenz von Arbeitsaufgabe und Systembedienung
Creators: name: Geisler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Arbeitsgedächtnis
Kurzzeitgedächtnis
Arbeitsbelastung
Psychische Belastung
Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation
Kognition
Visuelle Wahrnehmung

description: Die Bedienung von Softwarewerkzeugen am Bildschirmarbeitsplatz beansprucht Ressourcen im kapazitätsbegrenzten Arbeitsgedächtnis des Menschen, die der eigentlichen Arbeitsaufgabe verloren gehen. Zur Unterstützung des Entwurfs von Mensch-Maschine-Dialogen hinsichtlich dieser Ressourcenkonkurrenz wird eine Modellierungssprache definiert und experimentell validiert, mit der die Belastung des Arbeitsgedächtnisses duch Interaktion am Bildschirmarbeitsplatz quantitativ abgeschätzt werden kann.
A low-dimensional model predicting geometry-dependent dynamics of large-scale coherent structures in turbulence
Creators: name: Bai, Kunlun
name: Ji, Dandan
name: Brown, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the ability of a general low-dimensional model for turbulence to predict geometry-dependent dynamics of large-scale coherent structures, such as convection rolls. The model consists of stochastic ordinary differential equations, which are derived as a function of boundary geometry from the Navier-Stokes equations (Brown and Ahlers 2008). We test the model using Rayleigh-Bénard convection experiments in a cubic container. The model predicts a new mode in which the alignment of a convection roll switches between diagonals. We observe this mode with a measured switching rate within 30% of the prediction.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Dismantlable classifying space for the family of parabolic subgroups of a relatively hyperbolic group
Creators: name: Martinez-Pedroza, Eduardo
name: Przytycki, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 55R35, 57S30

description: Let $G$ be a group hyperbolic relative to a finite collection of subgroups $\mathcal P$. Let $\mathcal F$ be the family of subgroups consisting of all the conjugates of subgroups in $\mathcal P$, all their subgroups, and all finite subgroups. Then there is a cocompact model for $E_{\mathcal F} G$. This result was known in the torsion-free case. In the presence of torsion, a new approach was necessary. Our method is to exploit the notion of dismantlability. A number of sample applications are discussed.
description: Version accepted for publication in J. Inst. Math. Jussieu
Combining Photometry From Kepler and TESS to Improve Short-Period Exoplanet Characterization
Creators: name: Placek, Ben
name: Knuth, Kevin H.
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planets emit thermal radiation and reflect incident light that they recieve from their host stars. As a planet orbits it's host star the photometric variations associated with these two effects produce very similar phase curves. If observed through only a single bandpass this leads to a degeneracy between certain planetary parameters that hinder the precise characterization of such planets. However, observing the same planet through two different bandpasses gives one much more information about the planet. Here, we develop a Bayesian methodology for combining photometry from both \emph{Kepler} and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). In addition, we demonstrate via simulations that one can disentangle the reflected and thermally emitted light from the atmosphere of a hot-Jupiter as well as more precisely constrain both the geometric albedo and dayside temperature of the planet. This methodology can further be employed using various combinations of photometry from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Characterizing ExOplanet Satellite (CHEOPS), or the PLATO mission.
description: Submitted to PASP
Personal jurisdiction and internet defamation: an analysis of post-Zippo jurisdiction decisions in internet libel cases
Creators: name: Jones, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Obtaining personal jurisdiction over Internet speakers in libel cases has become a source of confusion for many appellate courts. The only United States Supreme Court jurisdiction decisions involving defamation cases came long before the Internet was a household communication tool. This thesis analyzes the various tests state and federal appellate courts applied from 1997-2010 in determining when an out-of-state defendant is subject to jurisdiction in a defamation claim based on Internet comments.
Strategies for network cities. Explained with the example of South Korea
Creators: name: Min, Hyun-Suk
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: Strategische Planung
Südkorea
City
Netz
Umweltschutz
Raumordnung
Landschaftsgestaltung

description: People and industries have concentrated to the big cities to achieve economies of scale. However the problems of this urban concentration become gradually obvious and have limited the development of the metropolises. They are hardly managed by current planning measures. In the diversifying social needs for heterogeneous life styles and sustainable mobility, now it is inevitable to adjust the sustainable space system. As an alternative answerable to this new demand here is suggested an approach of network cities. The conceptual approaches can be applied to other countries, especially functionally centralized nations or developing countries which experience now rapid urbanization than any other times.
Self-modulated laser wakefield accelerators as x-ray sources
Creators: name: Lemos, N.
name: Martins, J. L.
name: Tsung, F. S.
name: Shaw, J. L.
name: Marsh, K. A.
name: Albert, F.
name: Pollock, B. B.
name: Joshi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of a directional, small-divergence, and short-duration picosecond x-ray probe beam with an energy greater than 50 keV is desirable for high energy density science experiments. We therefore explore through particle-in-cell (PIC) computer simulations the possibility of using x-rays radiated by betatron-like motion of electrons from a self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator as a possible candidate to meet this need. Two OSIRIS 2D PIC simulations with mobile ions are presented, one with a normalized vector potential a0 = 1.5 and the other with an a0 = 3. We find that in both cases direct laser acceleration (DLA) is an important additional acceleration mechanism in addition to the longitudinal electric field of the plasma wave. Together these mechanisms produce electrons with a continuous energy spectrum with a maximum energy of 300 MeV for a0 = 3 case and 180 MeV in the a0 = 1.5 case. Forward-directed x-ray radiation with a photon energy up to 100 keV was calculated for the a0 = 3 case and up to 12 keV for the a0 = 1.5 case. The x-ray spectrum can be fitted with a sum of two synchrotron spectra with critical photon energy of 13 and 45 keV for the a0 of 3 and critical photon energy of 0.3 and 1.4 keV for a0 of 1.5 in the plane of polarization of the laser. The full width at half maximum divergence angle of the x-rays was 62 x 1.9 mrad for a0 = 3 and 77 x 3.8 mrad for a0 = 1.5.
Protocol for a scoping review of mHealth research and implementation in older adults with asthma and COPD
Creators: name: Kouri, Andrew
name: Gupta, Samir
name: straus, sharon
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: A scoping review of quantitiative and qualitative mHealth research in asthma and COPD to determine if and how older adults have been included and considered in the mHealth research cycle.
Production process design using Multi-Criteria Analysis
Creators: name: Treitz, Martin
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2006
Subjects: multi-criteria decision support
production process design
pinch analysis
technique assessment
sustainable development
China
process integration

description: Intra- and inter-company production networks have gained increased importance in developed and industrialising countries. By reusing waste of industrial sites as a valuable input within the production network, material cycles can be closed and resource efficiency can be improved. In order to improve the performance of a production process, a detailed mapping of the mass and energy flows is the basis to understand which process characteristics are the main drivers for resource efficiency. The objective of this book is to develop an integrated multi-criteria decision support model for production process design.