cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron-positron pairs production in a macroscopic charged core
Creators: name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical and semi-classical energy states of relativistic electrons bounded by a massive and charged core with the charge-mass-radio Q/M and macroscopic radius R_c are discussed. We show that the energies of semi-classical (bound) states can be much smaller than the negative electron mass-energy (-mc^2), and energy-level crossing to negative energy continuum occurs. Electron-positron pair production takes place by quantum tunneling, if these bound states are not occupied. Electrons fill into these bound states and positrons go to infinity. We explicitly calculate the rate of pair-production, and compare it with the rates of electron-positron production by the Sauter-Euler-Heisenberg-Schwinger in a constant electric field. In addition, the pair-production rate for the electro-gravitational balance ratio Q/M = 10^{-19} is much larger than the pair-production rate due to the Hawking processes.
description: 14 pages 2 figures
Education in the Digital World: From the Lens of Millennial Learners
Creators: name: Cenita, Jonelle Angelo S.
name: De Guzman, Zyra R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The objective of this study is to determine Education in the Digital World from the lens of millennial learners. This also identifies the cybergogical implications of the issue with digital education as seen through the lens of the outlier. This study uses a mixed methods sequential explanatory design. A quantitative method was employed during the first phase and the instruments of the study were distributed using google forms. The survey received a total of 85 responses and the results were analyzed using descriptive methods. Following up with a qualitative method, during the second phase the outliers were interviewed,and the results were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the mixed methods were interpreted in the form of cybergogical implications. The digital education from the lens of millennial learners in terms of the Benefits of E-Learning and Students Perceptions of E Learning received an overall mean of 3.68 which was verbally interpreted as Highly acceptable. The results reveal that millennial learners perceptions of digital education are influenced by the convenience in time and location, the fruit of collaboration using online interaction, the skills and knowledge they will acquire using digital resources, and the capability of improving themselves for the future. Millennial learners were able to adopt and learned how to use e learning. Also, since it is self paced learning,it allows them to study on their own time and schedule since e learning can be accessed anytime and anywhere. However, the technological resources of the learners should be considered in the implementation of e learning.
description: 14 pages, ICPeP, Special Issue on International Research Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology Education2023 (IRCCETE 2023), Fort Ilocandia, Ilocos Norte, Philippines, Vol. 7, pp. 1816-1829
Additional file 8 of A non-synonymous variant rs12614 of complement factor B associated with risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population
Creators: name: Seo, Jung Yeon
name: Joong-Gon Shin
name: Youn, Byeong Ju
name: Suhg Namgoong
name: Cheong, Hyun Sub
name: Lyoung Hyo Kim
name: Kim, Ji On
name: Shin, Hyoung Doo
name: Kim, Yoon Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary Table 4. Combined genetic effects of eleven CHB susceptible loci.
Four-body Efimov effect
Creators: name: Castin, Yvan
name: Mora, Christophe
name: Pricoupenko, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three same spin state fermions of mass M interacting with a distinguishable particle of mass m in the unitary limit where the interaction has a zero range and an infinite s-wave scattering length. We predict an interval of mass ratio 13.384 < M/m < 13.607 where there exists a purely four-body Efimov effect, leading to the occurrence of weakly bound tetramers without Efimov trimers.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Development and feasibility evaluation of an mHealth intervention for manual wheelchair skills training with older adults
Creators: name: Giesbrecht, Edward Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Many older adults rely on a manual wheelchair (MWC) for mobility but are not provided with skills for independent and effective use. Access to wheelchair skills training is constrained by the logistics, expense and limited availability of rehabilitation services. A supervised, home-based program specifically designed for older adults and delivered via a mobile computer tablet (mHealth) could potentially be a useful and efficient strategy to provide skills training. Purpose To explore the experience and needs of older adults transitioning to MWC use (Chapter 2); collaboratively develop, refine and pilot test an mHealth training program (Chapter 3); evaluate the program’s feasibility (Chapter 4); estimate impact on skill capacity and clinical outcomes (Chapter 5); and explore user-perceived benefits (Chapter 6). Methods Qualitative methods were used to understand the MWC transition experience. A mixed-methods Participatory Action Design and pre-post pilot trial were used for program development. A feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessed feasibility and clinical indicators, and follow-up interviews explored participants’ experiences. Results Older adult MWC users identified a lack of supports during transition to MWC use, particularly with skills training, often resulting in compromised community participation and increased care provider burden. The Participatory Action Design approach proved useful in constructing a viable prototype tablet-based home-training program that incorporated self-efficacy strategies and promoted principles of adult learning. In the feasibility RCT, the program was delivered safely and consistently, achieving most of the feasibility indicators; recruitment proved challenging but participants demonstrated good adherence with only one health-related dropout. There was a statistically significant difference and large effect size for measures of self-efficacy (p = 0.06; ηp² = 0.28) and performance of outdoor wheelchair activities (p = 0.02; ηp² = 0.40), but not for the primary outcome of skill capacity. Participants and care providers identified substantial clinical benefits in terms of confidence with wheelchair use, engagement in activities of life, and reduced care provider demands. Conclusions: The mHealth program shows promise as a potentially effective and appealing wheelchair skills training program for older adult MWC users. Future evaluation should enhance recruitment strategies, facilitating a larger RCT for more robust evaluation of clinical benefits.
A universal model for the Lorenz curve with novel applications for datasets containing zeros and/or exhibiting extreme inequality
Creators: name: Sitthiyot, Thitithep
name: Holasut, Kanyarat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given that the existing parametric functional forms for the Lorenz curve do not fit all possible size distributions, a universal parametric functional form is introduced. By using the empirical data from different scientific disciplines and also the hypothetical data, this study shows that, the proposed model fits not only the data whose actual Lorenz plots have a typical convex segment but also the data whose actual Lorenz plots have both horizontal and convex segments practically well. It also perfectly fits the data whose observation is larger in size while the rest of observations are smaller and equal in size as characterized by 2 positive-slope linear segments. In addition, the proposed model has a closed-form expression for the Gini index, making it computationally convenient to calculate. Considering that the Lorenz curve and the Gini index are widely used in various disciplines of sciences, the proposed model and the closed-form expression for the Gini index could be used as alternative tools to analyze size distributions of non-negative quantities and examine their inequalities or unevennesses.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables
Large-scale BAO signatures of the smallest galaxies
Creators: name: Dalal, Neal
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Seljak, Uros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that at high redshift, the relative velocity between dark matter and baryonic gas is typically supersonic. This relative velocity suppresses the formation of the earliest baryonic structures like minihalos, and the suppression is modulated on large scales. This effect imprints a characteristic shape in the clustering power spectrum of the earliest structures, with significant power on 100 Mpc scales featuring highly pronounced baryon acoustic oscillations. The amplitude of these oscillations is orders of magnitude larger at z=20 than previously expected. This characteristic signature can allow us to distinguish the effects of minihalos on intergalactic gas at times preceding and during reionization. We illustrate this effect with the example of 21 cm emission and absorption from redshifts during and before reionization. This effect can potentially allow us to probe physics on kpc scales using observations on 100 Mpc scales. We present sensitivity forecasts for FAST and Arecibo. Depending on parameters, this enhanced structure may be detectable by Arecibo at redshifts near z=15-20, and with appropriate instrumentation FAST could measure the BAO power spectrum with high precision. In principle, this effect could also pose a serious challenge for efforts to constrain dark energy using observations of the BAO feature at low redshift.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Google matrix of the world trade network
Creators: name: Ermann, Leonardo
name: Shepelyansky, Dima L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database [http://comtrade.un.org/db/] we construct the Google matrix of the world trade network and analyze its properties for various trade commodities for all countries and all available years from 1962 to 2009. The trade flows on this network are classified with the help of PageRank and CheiRank algorithms developed for the World Wide Web and other large scale directed networks. For the world trade this ranking treats all countries on equal democratic grounds independent of country richness. Still this method puts at the top a group of industrially developed countries for trade in {\it all commodities}. Our study establishes the existence of two solid state like domains of rich and poor countries which remain stable in time, while the majority of countries are shown to be in a gas like phase with strong rank fluctuations. A simple random matrix model provides a good description of statistical distribution of countries in two-dimensional rank plane. The comparison with usual ranking by export and import highlights new features and possibilities of our approach.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures. More detailed data and high definition figures are available on the website: http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr/QWLIB/tradecheirank/index.html
Aufnahme und Anreicherung KFZ-bürtiger Platingruppenelemente durch Fische, ihre Endoparasiten und Muscheln
Creators: name: Sures, Bernd
name: Zimmermann, Sonja
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2001

description: Zusammenfassung

Die Aufnahme und Anreicherung der KFZ-bürtigen
Platingruppenelemente (PGE) Pt, Pd und Rh durch aquatische Tiere
wurde an Dreikantmuscheln sowie an Aalen und Barben
einschließlich ihrer Darmparasiten untersucht. Hierzu wurden
die Testorganismen in Wasser mit Straßenstaub einer stark
befahrenen Straße oder mit Autokatalysatormaterial über mehrere
Wochen exponiert. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes konnte erstmalig
nachgewiesen werden, daß alle drei Metalle durch aquatische
Organismen aufgenommen und angereichert werden. Dabei fand sich
für Pd die höchste Bioverfügbarkeit, gefolgt von Pt und Rh.
Weiterhin geht aus unseren Untersuchungen hervor, daß natürliche
Wasserinhaltsstoffe die Aufnahme der PGE durch die Muscheln
erhöhen. Nachweisbare PGE-Konzentrationen in den nicht
exponierten Kontrollmuscheln, die dem Freiland entnommen wurden,
zeigen die zunehmende Bedeutung dieser Metallemissionen für die
Biosphäre.

Summary

The uptake and accumulation of the traffic related platinum
group elements (PGE) Pt, Pd and Rh by the aquatic fauna was
investigated. Zebra mussels as well as eel and barbel, both
infected with intestinal parasites, were maintained in water
containing either road dust or ground catalytic converter
material. These exposure studies revealed that all three
catalyst emitted metals were accumulated by aquatic organisms.
The highest bioavailability was found for Pd followed by Pt and
Rh. Presence of humic substances in the water enhances the
uptake of metals by the mussels. Interestingly, also some of the
unexposed animals contained PGE concentrations above the
detection limit. This demonstrates the increasing relevance of
traffic related metals for the biosphere.
Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Autonomous Guidance and Control in a Low-Thrust, Multi-Body Dynamical Environment
Creators: name: LaFarge, Nicholas Blaine
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified
Astrodynamics and space situational awareness
Reinforcement learning

description: Autonomous guidance and control techniques for low-thrust spacecraft under multi-body dynamics via reinforcement learning
Far-ultraviolet signatures of the 3He(n,tp) reaction in noble gas mixtures
Creators: name: Hughes, Patrick P.
name: Coplan, Michael A.
name: Thompson, Alan K.
name: Vest, Robert E.
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous work showed that the 3He(n,tp) reaction in a cell of 3He at atmospheric pressure generated tens of far-ultraviolet photons per reacted neutron. Here we report amplification of that signal by factors of 1000 and more when noble gases are added to the cell. Calibrated filter-detector measurements show that this large signal is due to noble-gas excimer emissions, and that the nuclear reaction energy is converted to far-ultraviolet radiation with efficiencies of up to 30%. The results have been placed on an absolute scale through calibrations at the NIST SURF III synchrotron. They suggest possibilities for high-efficiency neutron detectors as an alternative to existing proportional counters.
Temperature-independent Casimir-Polder forces in arbitrary geometries
Creators: name: Ellingsen, Simen Å.
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Casimir-Polder potential of a particle in an energy eigenstate at nonretarded distance from a well-conducting body of arbitrary shape is independent of the environment temperature. This is true even when the thermal photon numbers at the relevant atomic transition energies are large. A compact expression is obtained for the temperature-independent potential, which can greatly simplify calculations in nontrivial geometries for experimentally relevant systems such as Rydberg atoms and polar molecules. We give criteria for the validity of our temperature-independent result. They are illustrated by numerical studies of a particle near a gold sphere or inside a gold cylindrical cavity.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 5 of A non-synonymous variant rs12614 of complement factor B associated with risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population
Creators: name: Seo, Jung Yeon
name: Joong-Gon Shin
name: Youn, Byeong Ju
name: Suhg Namgoong
name: Cheong, Hyun Sub
name: Lyoung Hyo Kim
name: Kim, Ji On
name: Shin, Hyoung Doo
name: Kim, Yoon Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of study subjects.
Additional file 6 of A non-synonymous variant rs12614 of complement factor B associated with risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population
Creators: name: Seo, Jung Yeon
name: Joong-Gon Shin
name: Youn, Byeong Ju
name: Suhg Namgoong
name: Cheong, Hyun Sub
name: Lyoung Hyo Kim
name: Kim, Ji On
name: Shin, Hyoung Doo
name: Kim, Yoon Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Table 2. Genotype distribution of investigated CFB genetic polymorphisms among subjects investigated in this study.
Giant Positive Magnetoresistance in Co@CoO Nanoparticle Arrays
Creators: name: Xing, Hui
name: Kong, Wenjie
name: Kim, Chaehyun
name: Peng, Sheng
name: Sun, Shouheng
name: Xu, Zhu-An
name: Zeng, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the magnetotransport properties of self-assembled Co@CoO nanoparticle arrays at temperatures below 100 K. Resistance shows thermally activated behavior that can be fitted by the general expression of R exp{(T/T0)^v}. Efros-Shklovskii variable range hopping (v=1/2) and simple activation (hard gap, v=1) dominate the high and low temperature region, respectively, with a strongly temperature-dependent transition regime in between. A giant positive magnetoresistance of >1,400% is observed at 10K, which decreases with increasing temperature. The positive MR and most of its features can be explained by the Zeeman splitting of the localized states that suppresses the spin dependent hopping paths in the presence of on-site Coulomb repulsion.
Towards Explainable Collaborative Filtering with Taste Clusters Learning
Creators: name: Du, Yuntao
name: Lian, Jianxun
name: Yao, Jing
name: Wang, Xiting
name: Wu, Mingqi
name: Chen, Lu
name: Gao, Yunjun
name: Xie, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Collaborative Filtering (CF) is a widely used and effective technique for recommender systems. In recent decades, there have been significant advancements in latent embedding-based CF methods for improved accuracy, such as matrix factorization, neural collaborative filtering, and LightGCN. However, the explainability of these models has not been fully explored. Adding explainability to recommendation models can not only increase trust in the decisionmaking process, but also have multiple benefits such as providing persuasive explanations for item recommendations, creating explicit profiles for users and items, and assisting item producers in design improvements. In this paper, we propose a neat and effective Explainable Collaborative Filtering (ECF) model that leverages interpretable cluster learning to achieve the two most demanding objectives: (1) Precise - the model should not compromise accuracy in the pursuit of explainability; and (2) Self-explainable - the model's explanations should truly reflect its decision-making process, not generated from post-hoc methods. The core of ECF is mining taste clusters from user-item interactions and item profiles.We map each user and item to a sparse set of taste clusters, and taste clusters are distinguished by a few representative tags. The user-item preference, users/items' cluster affiliations, and the generation of taste clusters are jointly optimized in an end-to-end manner. Additionally, we introduce a forest mechanism to ensure the model's accuracy, explainability, and diversity. To comprehensively evaluate the explainability quality of taste clusters, we design several quantitative metrics, including in-cluster item coverage, tag utilization, silhouette, and informativeness. Our model's effectiveness is demonstrated through extensive experiments on three real-world datasets.
description: Accepted to WWW 2023
Comment on "Normal phase of an imbalanced Fermi gas"
Creators: name: Yu, Zhenhua
name: Zöllner, Sascha
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Mora and Chevy [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 230402 (2010), arXiv:1003.0213v2], in studying the energy of an atomic Fermi gas consisting of a majority species, 1, and a minority species, 2, showed that, due to interatomic interactions, the energy density E of the gas has a contribution of the form E^(2)= f n_2^2 /2, where n_i is the density of species i. They attribute this term to a `modification of the single polaron properties due to Pauli blocking'. In this Comment, we demonstrate that E^(2) may equivalently be understood in terms of the familiar interaction between minority atoms induced by the majority component.
Fundamental Parameters of 4 Massive Eclipsing Binaries in Westerlund 1
Creators: name: Koumpia, E.
name: Bonanos, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Westerlund 1 is one of the most massive young clusters known in the Local Group, with an age of 3-5 Myr. It contains an assortment of rare evolved massive stars, such as blue, yellow and red supergiants, Wolf-Rayet stars, a luminous blue variable, and a magnetar, as well as 4 massive eclipsing binary systems (Wddeb, Wd13, Wd36, WR77o, see Bonanos 2007). The eclipsing binaries present a rare opportunity to constrain evolutionary models of massive stars, the distance to the cluster and furthermore, to determine a dynamical lower limit for the mass of a magnetar progenitor. Wddeb, being a detached system, is of great interest as it allows determination of the masses of 2 of the most massive unevolved stars in the cluster. We have analyzed spectra of all 4 eclipsing binaries, taken in 2007-2008 with the 6.5 meter Magellan telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile, and present fundamental parameters (masses, radii) for their component stars.
description: 2 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the IAUS 272 on "Active OB stars: structure, evolution, mass loss and critical limits" (Paris, July 19-23, 2010), Cambridge University Press. Editors C. Neiner, G. Wade, G. Meynet and G. Peters
ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE AND MALPRACTICE IN MUSANZE DISTRICT, RWANDA
Creators: name: Ishimwe, Rosine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medical negligence in Rwanda
Medical malpractice in Rwanda
Medical negligence and malpractice
Medical negligence law

description: This study was carried out in Musanze District, Northern Province of Rwanda. The general objective was to assess the status of medical negligence and malpractice in Musanze District, Rwanda. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Questionnaire survey was used for primary data collection where purposive sampling was used. Secondary data were gathered from books, report, journals, magazines and internet. The collected data were analyzed by using Microsoft excel package. The majority of respondents (88%) admitted to have been involved, witnessed of dealt with medical negligence and/medical malpractices case where only 14.7% of stated that the cases were taken to court. The majority of respondents, especially patients perceive the medical negligence and malpractice as a critical issue, whereas most of respondents are moderately aware about the rights to medical care (45%) in addition to 25% of respondents who are very aware about the rights to medical care. Most of respondents (37.5%) especially the patients ignore the laws governing medical negligence and malpractice. The majority of respondents (60%) perceive the existing laws as weak while as the majority of respondents (74%) think that the existing laws are rarely applied in case of medical negligence and malpractice. The main factor contributing the medical negligence and malpractice is the “scarcity of medical practitioners” (90%) followed by “other health priorities” (80%), poor training of practitioners (54%), law deficit (50%) and public ignorance (46%). The main perceived effect of the medical negligence and malpractice on victims is the “loss of trust in medical practitioners” (100%) followed by “condition worsening” (90%), defensive medicine (62%) and psychological damages (20%). The most frequently perceived solution would be “the effort by medical practitioners to reduce harm” (74%) followed by “awareness campaign” (62%), “improved communication” (62%) and “law enforcement” (28%). The study concluded that the current situation of medical negligence and malpractice is critical. The majority of service users ignore the existing laws; the main factor contributing the medical negligence and malpractice is the “scarcity of medical practitioners”; the most frequently perceived solution to medical negligence and malpractice would be “the effort by medical practitioners to reduce harm and has recommended further researches and the empowerment of regulation organs and bodies, the organization of education and awareness campaigns about the existing laws, the increase the number of health practitioners and training of them on how to reduce harm to patients.
title: Assessment of the Hydrograv® Adapt Variable Height Secondary Clarifier Inlet at HRSD Nansemond Treatment Plant
Creators: name: Poe, Matthew
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD) recently completed the first North American and center driven installation of the Hydrograv® Adapt Variable Height Secondary Clarifier Inlet (Adapt) at HRSD’s Nansemond Treatment Plant. This is a variable height inlet structure designed to decrease clarifier effluent turbidity and maintain low turbidity during high flow events. Low turbidity is achieved by feeding the secondary clarifier influent within the solids blanket during dry weather conditions and lifting the inlet structure during wet weather conditions to avoid disrupting the blanket. The Adapt clarifier was monitored alongside an identical fixed inlet clarifier to assess performance. Both clarifiers were monitored using online and manually sampled measurements of solids blanket thickness and effluent turbidity. Effluent orthophosphate was also monitored to detect and evaluate phosphorus release in both clarifiers. During initial operation, regular orthophosphate spikes were observed in the Adapt clarifier prior to inlet control optimization. Sludge blanket levels in the Adapt clarifier were consistently higher than levels in the fixed inlet clarifier, but this was later discovered to have been caused by dysfunctional manifold seals. Manual sampling completed during normal and stressed conditions indicate that the mean turbidity for the Adapt clarifier was less than that of the fixed inlet clarifier with a 95% level of confidence. The difference in means was only 0.2 to 0.4 NTU and may not result in improved performance when evaluated in the direct filtration pilot. During stress testing the combination of high loading and increased blanket heights from inadequate RAS pumping capabilities led to higher turbidities during the peak evening diurnal. Stress testing should be repeated with mechanical and programming adjustments to allow for additional RAS capacity, and manual turbidity and blanket readings should be collected regularly and over a long duration test period. Depth profiling confirmed a more defined separation of the clear water and sludge blanket in the Adapt compared to the fixed inlet clarifier. Higher nitrate and orthophosphate concentrations observed in the fixed inlet clarifier could have been a result of orthophosphate release from the settled sludge, unintended mixing, or uneven loading to the clarifiers.
On the interpretation of wave function overlaps in quantum dots
Creators: name: Stobbe, S.
name: Hvam, J. M.
name: Lodahl, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emission rate of excitons strongly confined in quantum dots is proportional to the overlap integral of electron and hole envelope wave functions. A common and intuitive interpretation of this result is that the spontaneous emission rate is proportional to the probability that the electron and the hole are located at the same point or region in space, i.e. they must coincide spatially to recombine. Here we show that this interpretation is not correct even loosely speaking. By general mathematical considerations we compare the envelope wave function overlap, the exchange overlap integral, and the probability of electrons and holes coinciding and find that the frequency dependence of the envelope wave function overlap integral is very different from that expected from the common interpretation. We show that these theoretical considerations lead to predictions for measurements. We compare our qualitative predictions with recent measurements of the wave function overlap and find good agreement.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Late and early time phenomenology of Higgs-dependent cutoff
Creators: name: Bezrukov, F.
name: Gorbunov, D.
name: Shaposhnikov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of theories with non-minimal coupling of Higgs field to gravity revealed that they enter into strong coupling regime above certain Higgs-dependent cutoff, which may be considerably below the Planck scale. Assuming that the effective theory, complementing the Standard Model or its minimal extension--the nuMSM--contains a set of higher dimensional operators suppressed by the Higgs-dependent cutoff, we analyse the reheating of the Universe after the Higgs inflation. We show that extra terms do not spoil the Higgs inflation, but can lead to baryogenesis and to warm sterile neutrino dark matter production at the reheating stage of the Universe expansion. They can also result in neutrino mass generation and proton decay.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
High spatial resolution and high contrast optical speckle imaging with FASTCAM at the ORM
Creators: name: Labadie, L.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Femenia, B.
name: Villo, Isidro
name: Diaz-Sanchez, A.
name: Oscoz, A.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Perez-Prieto, J.
name: Perez-Garrido, A.
name: Hildebrandt, S. R.
name: Bejar-Sanchez, V.
name: Piqueras, J.
name: Rodriguez, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present an original observational approach, which combines, for the first time, traditional speckle imaging with image post-processing to obtain in the optical domain diffraction-limited images with high contrast (1e-5) within 0.5 to 2 arcseconds around a bright star. The post-processing step is based on wavelet filtering an has analogy with edge enhancement and high-pass filtering. Our I-band on-sky results with the 2.5-m Nordic Telescope (NOT) and the lucky imaging instrument FASTCAM show that we are able to detect L-type brown dwarf companions around a solar-type star with a contrast DI~12 at 2" and with no use of any coronographic capability, which greatly simplifies the instrumental and hardware approach. This object has been detected from the ground in J and H bands so far only with AO-assisted 8-10 m class telescopes (Gemini, Keck), although more recently detected with small-class telescopes in the K band. Discussing the advantage and disadvantage of the optical regime for the detection of faint intrinsic fluxes close to bright stars, we develop some perspectives for other fields, including the study of dense cores in globular clusters. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that high contrast considerations are included in optical speckle imaging approach.
description: Proceedings of SPIE conference - Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy III (Conference 7735), San Diego 2010
Integrating Indigenous and Eurocentric pedagogy within the English First Peoples curriculum
Creators: name: Searcy, Naryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This study focuses on the incorporation of Aboriginal content and pedagogy into senior level academic secondary school courses with students of both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestry within the English First Peoples curriculum. The results reveal the positive relationship between Indigenous approaches, student engagement, and academic performance as well as challenges and tensions resulting from the merging of diverse educational perspectives. Both theoretical support for the use of Indigenous pedagogy as well as practical classroom examples are described. These findings have the potential to support educators as we move towards increased collective understanding of the necessity of the acknowledgement of Indigenous culture and perspectives both within our public education system and society as a whole.
Measurement of Growing Dynamical Lengthscales and Prediction of the Jamming Transition in a Granular Material
Creators: name: Keys, Aaron S.
name: Abate, Adam R.
name: Glotzer, Sharon C.
name: Durian, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supercooled liquids and dense colloids exhibit anomalous behaviour known as "spatially heterogeneous dynamics" (SHD), which becomes increasingly pronounced with approach to the glass transition. Recently, SHD has been observed in confined granular packings under slow shear near the onset of jamming, bolstering speculation that the two transitions are related. Here, we report measurements of SHD in a system of air-driven granular beads, as a function of both density and effective temperature. On approach to jamming, the dynamics become progressively slower and more spatially heterogeneous. The rapid growth of dynamical time and length scales characterizing the heterogeneities can be described both by mode-coupling theory and the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation, in analogy with glass-forming liquids. The value of the control variable at the VTF transition coincides with point-J, the random close-packed jamming density at which all motion ceases, indicating analogy with a zero temperature ideal glass transition. Our findings demonstrate further universality of the jamming concept and provide a significant step forward in the quest for a unified theory of jamming in disparate systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Impact of y14 phosphorylation of caveolin-1 on its binding partners : a proteomic analysis
Creators: name: Saxena, Sandeep
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Caveolae, a special type of lipid-raft, are cave-like invaginations of plasma-membrane maintained and formed by Caveolins (Cav1, 2 and 3) and Cavin 1 and 2. Caveolae regulate various trafficking and signaling pathways. Cav1, a 178 amino acid protein has a Src-dependent tyrosine-14 phosphorylation site that regulates integrin signaling and focal adhesion dynamics, and a Caveolin Scaffolding Domain (CSD) that physically interacts with multiple proteins. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-downs and quantitative proteomics analysis (Maxquant) were performed using lysates from the DU145 prostate cancer cell line and GST-beads tagged with the N-terminal polypeptide of Cav1 (amino acids 1-101) incorporating phosphomimeitic (Y14D) and non-phosphorylatable (Y14F) mutations. Proteomic analysis showed 1.5 fold increased interaction of 196 and 78 proteins with Cav1(1-101)Y14D and Cav1(1-101)Y14F, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that Cav1(1-101)Y14D interacted more with proteins that regulate cell stress, proliferation, signal transduction, metabolic processes, apoptosis (Heat shock protein-90 (HSP90)) and focal adhesions, whereas Cav1(1-101)Y14F interacted more with proteins that regulate actin cytoskeleton and RNA processing. Pseudopod-enriched proteome list from DU145 cells revealed 84 proteins overlapping with the Cav1(1-101)Y14D interactome. Comparative proteomics analysis of the CSD mutants (F92A/V94A) suggested that one-third binding proteins of Cav1(1-101)Y14D and Cav1(1-101)Y14F were influenced by this mutation. Binding specificity of Y14 phosphorylation on Cav1 is partially affected by these CSD mutations. Pseudopod enriched HSP90 was one of the top hits in the Cav1(1-101)Y14D interactome. Inhibition of HSP90 with 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG) increased expression of Protein Kinase B (also known as AKT) and Cav1 in pCav1 (Y14 phosphorylatedCav1) expressing DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines. However, there was no effect of HSP90 inhibition on pCav1 lacking DU145 and Cav1 knocked-down PC3 cells. Reduced cell migration and viability was observed after 17AAG treatment of DU145 (stably expressing various Cav1 mutants) and PC3 in pCav1 dependent manner. This suggests the HSP90 function in regulating cell migration rely on pCav1. This study reveals that Y14 phosphorylation impacts Cav1 interaction with different proteins and is partially affected by CSD mutants in our study. Also, pCav1 specific interaction with HSP90 decreases prostate cancer cell migration.
Spin-Peierls transition to a Haldane phase
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Hironori
name: Takahashi, Hiroki
name: Kawakami, Takashi
name: Okamoto, Kiyomi
name: Sakai, Toru
name: Yajima, Takeshi
name: Iwasaki, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an organic compound exhibiting a spin-Peierls (SP) transition to an effective spin-1 antiferromagnetic uniform chain, that is, the Haldane chain. The clear disappearance of magnetization, accompanied by a structural phase transition, is well explained by the deformation to an effective spin-1 Haldane chain. The flexibility of the molecular orbitals in the organic radical compound allows the transformation of the exchange interactions into the Haldane state with different topologies. The SP transition in the present compound demonstrates a mechanism different from that of the conventional systems, paving another path for research in quantum phenomena originating from spin-lattice couplings.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 7 of A non-synonymous variant rs12614 of complement factor B associated with risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population
Creators: name: Seo, Jung Yeon
name: Joong-Gon Shin
name: Youn, Byeong Ju
name: Suhg Namgoong
name: Cheong, Hyun Sub
name: Lyoung Hyo Kim
name: Kim, Ji On
name: Shin, Hyoung Doo
name: Kim, Yoon Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 3. Association analysis of rs12614 using the Training and Test sets.
Near-field examination of perovskite-based superlenses and superlens-enhanced probe-object coupling
Creators: name: Kehr, Susanne C.
name: Liu, Yongmin M.
name: Martin, L. W.
name: Yu, P.
name: Gajek, M.
name: Yang, S. -Y.
name: Yang, C. -H.
name: Wenzel, M. T.
name: Jacob, R.
name: von Ribbeck, H. -G.
name: Helm, M.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Eng, L. M.
name: Ramesh, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A planar slab of negative index material works as a superlens with sub-diffraction-limited imaging resolution, since propagating waves are focused and, moreover, evanescent waves are reconstructed in the image plane. Here, we demonstrate a superlens for electric evanescent fields with low losses using perovskites in the mid-infrared regime. The combination of near-field microscopy with a tunable free-electron laser allows us to address precisely the polariton modes, which are critical for super-resolution imaging. We spectrally study the lateral and vertical distributions of evanescent waves around the image plane of such a lens, and achieve imaging resolution of wavelength/14 at the superlensing wavelength. Interestingly, at certain distances between the probe and sample surface, we observe a maximum of these evanescent fields. Comparisons with numerical simulations indicate that this maximum originates from an enhanced coupling between probe and object, which might be applicable for multifunctional circuits, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal sensors.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, published as open access article in Nature Communications (see http://www.nature.com/ncomms/)
On isometry groups and maximal symmetry
Creators: name: Ferenczi, Valentin
name: Rosendal, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 22F50, 46B03, 46B04. Secondary: 03E15

description: We study problems of maximal symmetry in Banach spaces. This is done by providing an analysis of the structure of small subgroups of the general linear group GL(X), where X is a separable reflexive Banach space. In particular, we provide the first known example of a Banach space X without any equivalent maximal norm, or equivalently such that GL(X) contains no maximal bounded subgroup. Moreover, this space X may be chosen to be super-reflexive.
Additional file 1 of An ensemble learning with active sampling to predict the prognosis of postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Hu, Danqing
name: Zhang, Huanyao
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Duan, Huilong
name: Wu, Nan
name: Lu, Xudong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. The details of the experimental datasets.
An algebraic Haag's theorem
Creators: name: Weiner, Mihály
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under natural conditions (such as split property and geometric modular action of wedge algebras) it is shown that the unitary equivalence class of the net of local (von Neumann) algebras in the vacuum sector associated to double cones with bases on a fixed space-like hyperplane completely determines an algebraic QFT model. More precisely, if for two models there is unitary connecting all of these algebras, then --- without assuming that this unitary also connects their respective vacuum states or spacetime symmetry representations --- it follows that the two models are equivalent. This result might be viewed as an algebraic version of the celebrated theorem of Rudolf Haag about problems regarding the so-called "interaction-picture" in QFT. Original motivation of the author for finding such an algebraic version came from conformal chiral QFT. Both the chiral case as well as a related conjecture about standard half-sided modular inclusions will be also discussed.
The Rees product of posets
Creators: name: Brown, Patricia Muldoon
name: Readdy, Margaret A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine how the flag f-vector of any graded poset changes under the Rees product with the chain, and more generally, any t-ary tree. As a corollary, the Möbius function of the Rees product of any graded poset with the chain, and more generally, the t-ary tree, is exactly the same as the Rees product of its dual with the chain, respectively, t-ary chain. We then study enumerative and homological properties of the Rees product of the cubical lattice with the chain. We give a bijective proof that the Möbius function of this poset can be expressed as n times a signed derangement number. From this we derive a new bijective proof of Jonsson's result that the Möbius function of the Rees product of the Boolean algebra with the chain is given by a derangement number. Using poset homology techniques we find an explicit basis for the reduced homology and determine a representation for the reduced homology of the order complex of the Rees product of the cubical lattice with the chain over the symmetric group.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Critical moment definition and estimation, for finite size observation of log-exponential-power law random variables
Creators: name: Angeletti, Florian
name: Bertin, Eric
name: Abry, Patrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution aims at studying the behaviour of the classical sample moment estimator, $S(n,q)= \sum_{k=1}^n X_k^{q}/n $, as a function of the number of available samples $n$, in the case where the random variables $X$ are positive, have finite moments at all orders and are naturally of the form $X= \exp Y$ with the tail of $Y$ behaving like $e^{-y^ρ}$. This class of laws encompasses and generalizes the classical example of the log-normal law. This form is motivated by a number of applications stemming from modern statistical physics or multifractal analysis. Borrowing heuristic and analytical results from the analysis of the Random Energy Model in statistical physics, a critical moment $q_c(n)$ is defined as the largest statistical order $q$ up to which the sample mean estimator $S(n,q)$ correctly accounts for the ensemble average $\E X^q$, for a given $n$. A practical estimator for the critical moment $q_c(n)$ is then proposed. Its statistical performance are studied analytically and illustrated numerically in the case of \emph{i.i.d.} samples. A simple modification is proposed to explicitly account for correlation amongst the observed samples. Estimation performance are then carefully evaluated by means of Monte-Carlo simulations in the practical case of correlated time series.
description: 34 pages, 17 figures, submitted to Signal Processing