cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GIS approaches to understanding connections and movement through space
Creators: name: Davies, Gemma
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: The overarching theme of this work is an exploration of ways in which GIS can be used to analyse connections or movement through space in a wide variety of contexts. The published work focuses upon the application of both network and raster-based techniques at a variety of scales. A review is provided summarising the breadth of applications that currently use GIS to model connectivity or movement through space. This is followed by a series of published work in this field. This includes both raster and network approaches to assessing journey-time exposure to air pollution; exploring the impact of artificial lighting on gap crossing thresholds of bats; examining the presence of food deserts in rainforest cities; assessing urban accessibility and its influence on social vulnerability to climate shocks; and understanding of the impact of segregation on everyday patterns of mobility. With a diverse range of application areas and variety of spatial scales ranging from 2 - 605,000km2, this published work highlights the ways in which GIS can be implemented in new ways to improve understanding of connections and/or movement through space.
title: Mittelalterliche Hufenmaße als siedlungsgeschichtliche Quellen
Creators: name: Engel, Franz
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1954
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 9

description: In the Middle Ages, land-area was expressed in terms of the hide (Mansus). It can be documentarily proved that this was a fixed unit in surveying. From their variation in size according to locality and their subdivision into acres and rods, different types of hide can be discerned, each of definite dimensions. The surveying-systems of Northern Germany could therefore, it would seem, be regarded as a source of information for the study of settlement in the general history of mediaeval colonisation.
Slow scrambling and hidden integrability in a random rotor model
Creators: name: Mao, Dan
name: Chowdhury, Debanjan
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the out-of-time-order correlation functions of a solvable model of a large number, $N$, of $M$-component quantum rotors coupled by Gaussian-distributed random, infinite-range exchange interactions. We focus on the growth of commutators of operators at a temperature $T$ above the zero temperature quantum critical point separating the spin-glass and paramagnetic phases. In the large $N,~M$ limit, the squared commutators of the rotor fields do not display any exponential growth of commutators, in spite of the absence of any sharp quasiparticle-like excitations in the disorder-averaged theory. We show that in this limit, the problem is integrable and point out interesting connections to random-matrix theory. At leading order in $1/M$, there are no modifications to the critical behavior but an irrelevant term in the fixed-point action leads to a small exponential growth of the squared commutator. We also introduce and comment on a generalized model involving $p$-pair rotor interactions.
description: 5+6 pages, 3+2 figures
Levy flights in quenched random force fields
Creators: name: Fogedby, Hans C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Levy flights, characterized by the microscopic step index f, are for f<2 (the case of rare events) considered in short range and long range quenched random force fields with arbitrary vector character to first loop order in an expansion about the critical dimension 2f-2 in the short range case and the critical fall-off exponent 2f-2 in the long range case. By means of a dynamic renormalization group analysis based on the momentum shell integration method, we determine flows, fixed point, and the associated scaling properties for the probability distribution and the frequency and wave number dependent diffusion coefficient. Unlike the case of ordinary Brownian motion in a quenched force field characterized by a single critical dimension or fall-off exponent d=2, two critical dimensions appear in the Levy case. A critical dimension (or fall-off exponent) d=f below which the diffusion coefficient exhibits anomalous scaling behavior, i.e, algebraic spatial behavior and long time tails, and a critical dimension (or fall-off exponent) d=2f-2 below which the force correlations characterized by a non trivial fixed point become relevant. As a general result we find in all cases that the dynamic exponent z, characterizing the mean square displacement, locks onto the Levy index f, independent of dimension and independent of the presence of weak quenched disorder.
description: 27 pages, Revtex file, 17 figures in ps format attached, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Psychological Resilience as a Protective Factor for the Motor System in Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: Johanson, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Clinical psychology
Multiple sclerosis--Psychological aspects
Resilience (Personality trait)
Gait in humans--Analysis

description: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong progressive neurologic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that interrupts the flow of information within the brain and between the brain and the body, resulting in a variety of symptoms across the visual, sensory, motor, and autonomic functions. The concept of psychological resilience is emerging in clinical research, including research on MS, as a productive way to view the outcomes and experiences of living with a chronic disease and identify potential protective factors. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the protective and predictive quality of psychological resilience in various domains of motor functioning. A sample of 130 patients underwent neuropsychological testing along with neurological examination at two distinct time points (baseline and 3-year follow-up). As part of each evaluation, patients were administered various tasks of motor functioning: the two-minute walk test (2MWT; a measure of gait endurance and stamina), timed 25-foot walk (T25FW; a measure of gait speed), nine-hole peg test (NHPT; a measure of upper extremity speed and coordination), grooved pegboard (G-Pegs; a measure of fine motor speed and dexterity), grip strength (Grip; a measure of upper body strength), and finger tapping test (FTT; a measure of simple motor speed), which served as this study’s outcomes. Psychological resilience, the primary predictor of interest, was operationalized as the self-reported ability of adapting well in the face of substantial adversity and significant sources of stress and was estimated using a validated self-report measure the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, 10 item version (CD-RISC-10). Additional predictors included mood, fatigue, demographic variables, disease variables, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) estimates. In contrast to our hypothesis, psychological resilience and functional outcomes were not correlated. Psychological resilience did not predict change in motor functioning over time and did not serve as a moderator between disease burden and motor functioning. As such, the present study does not provide support for psychological resilience as a protective factor for the motor system in MS or for resilience in predicting differential decline in motor functioning.
Energy extraction of a chaotic system in a cyclic process: a Szilárd Engine perspective
Creators: name: Soriani, Artur
name: Bonança, Marcus V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the available examples of Microcanonical Szilárd Engines and by the original Szilárd Engine, we devise a system with two degrees of freedom whose ensemble average energy, starting with a microcanical ensemble, decreases after a cyclic variation of its external parameters. We use the Ergodic Adiabatic Theorem to motivate our cycle and numerical simulations to check the decrement in the average energy. We then compare our system to the aforementioned Szilárd Engines, Microcanonical or not, and speculate about symmetry breaking being the cause of energy extraction in cyclic processes, even when non-integrability and chaos are present.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Psychological Well-being among Three Age Groups of Older Americans Living in the Community
Creators: Akashi, Rumiko Kakishima
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Social service

description: This research explores factors associated with psychological well-being (happiness, depressive symptomatology, and anxiety) among three groups of older adults living in the community: the soon-to-be-old (ages 50-64), the young-old (ages 65-74), and the old-old (ages 75 and over). The study is framed within the conceptual framework of the stress and coping model and informed by socio-emotional selectivity theory, the life course perspective, and critical theory. Using a national U.S. sample of adults over age 50 (the Aging, Status, and Sense of Control data), this construct allows for analysis of respondents' subjective factors for promoting or maintaining their psychological well-being. Data analysis explores age group differences on psychological well-being outcomes among the three age groups. Major findings demonstrate that average levels of psychological well-being vary only slightly by age cohort with age group having no significant unique effect on explaining any dimension of happiness, depressive symptomatology, or anxiety. Factors associated with these outcomes vary among age groups with only two common predictors for two outcomes. The most powerful predictors for all age groups are the 1995 psychological well-being covariates; other predictors are distinct by age group. The results show that factors associated with psychological well-being fall in multiple areas suggesting a need for multi-component interventions unique to each age group to maintain and promote psychological well-being among older adults. Findings endorse the positive aspect of aging demonstrating that individuals can maintain and promote positive psychological well-being in later life. Insights into policy, program, and social work practice to promote well-being among the rapidly growing and aging segment of the American population are discussed. Study limitations and implications for future research are presented.
Primordial Black Holes: Tunnelling vs. No Boundary Proposal
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
name: Hawking, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the inflationary era, black holes came into existence together with the universe through the quantum process of pair creation. We calculate the pair creation rate from the no boundary proposal for the wave function of the universe. Our results are physically sensible and fit in with other descriptions of pair creation. The tunnelling proposal, on the other hand, predicts a catastrophic instability of de Sitter space to the nucleation of large black holes, and cannot be maintained.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure; contribution to the proceedings of COSMION 96
Applying Complex Langevin Simulations to Lattice QCD at Finite Density
Creators: name: Kogut, J. B.
name: Sinclair, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the use of the complex-Langevin equation (CLE) to simulate lattice QCD at a finite chemical potential ($μ$) for quark-number, which has a complex fermion determinant that prevents the use of standard simulation methods based on importance sampling. Recent enhancements to the CLE specific to lattice QCD inhibit runaway solutions which had foiled earlier attempts to use it for such simulations. However, it is not guaranteed to produce correct results. Our goal is to determine under what conditions the CLE yields correct values for the observables of interest. Zero temperature simulations indicate that for moderate couplings, good agreement with expected results is obtained for small $μ$ and for $μ$ large enough to reach saturation, and that this agreement improves as we go to weaker coupling. For intermediate $μ$ values these simulations do not produce the correct physics. We compare our results with those of the phase-quenched approximation. Since there are indications that correct results might be obtained if the CLE trajectories remain close to the $SU(3)$ manifold, we study how the distance from this manifold depends on the quark mass and on the coupling. We find that this distance decreases with decreasing quark mass and as the coupling decreases, i.e. as the simulations approach the continuum limit.
description: 26 pages, 12 postscript figures, LaTeX source. V3 version accepted for publication. Extensive revisions from previous versions
Psychological Well-Being and its Effects on Mental Health and Program Outcome among Homeless Young Adults
Creators: Mastropieri, Biagio Michele
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Homeless youth--Psychology
Homeless persons--Mental health
Youth shelters
Homeless youth
Clinical psychology

description: The overall purpose of this study was to examine the impact of psychological well-being on mental health and behavioral outcomes among transitioning homeless youth in a New York City shelter. The main objective was to elucidate the relationship between psychological health, distress, and behavioral program outcomes. Participants were 116 formerly homeless young adults enrolled in the transitional living Rights of Passage program at Covenant House New York; a homeless youth shelter providing both crisis services and residential transitional living programs to young adults age 18 – 21.  The correlates of psychological distress and program outcome were studied in relation to psychological well-being as measured by the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB) identifying 6 core components of positive psychological functioning including Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Positive Relationships with Others, Personal Growth, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance.  Markers of psychological distress were measured by using the PHQ-9 (Depression), GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety), PTSD Checklist - Civilian Version (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder), GHQ-12 (General Distress), while behavioral outcome data (i.e., behavioral infractions/disciplinary incidents, employment, discharge disposition, education advancement, and total savings) were assessed via the Efforts to Outcome (ETO) online software database maintained by Covenant House New York.  Results of Pearson r correlations demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between psychological well-being and psychopathology.  Stepwise regression analyses also showed that certain components of psychological well-being accounted for a significant portion of the variance over time in anxiety, PTSD, and general distress above and beyond initial levels of psychopathology.  Additionally, Pearson r correlations and ANOVA analyses demonstrated significant associations with psychological well-being and program outcome including behavioral infractions (verbal conflicts, and non-compliance infractions), time unemployed, total savings, and G.E.D. obtainment.  In contrast, psychopathology demonstrated significant associations with only behavioral infractions (verbal conflicts) and total savings.  Findings suggest that psychological well-being is differentially associated with program outcome from psychopathology and that interventions aimed at homeless youth may benefit from incorporation of strengths-based, positive psychological approaches.
title: Der grüne Löwe (Alchemie und Philosophia adepta)
Creators: name: Weber, Richard
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1954
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 10

description: The works of Theophrast von Hohenheim, known as Paracelsus, are based on a way of thinking, which he himself calls "philosophia adepta." Although the term appears only in his later works, it still forms his early writing. The common translation of this curious term does not allow any conclusion concerning that way of thinking, but it points to a spiritual surroundings, in which "adeptus" meant the honorary title for the person who achieved the philosophical aim, that is, he who found the "lapis philosophorum", points to the circles of the alchemists.
Alchemy was more than only a plump or refined humbug. It was, at least in its possibilities, a doctrine of the metallic nature and its powers, and in this respect it might be called a natural philosophy, even if its adherents very often contented themselves with the quotation or the handing-down of more or less comprehensible recipes. Paracelsus called alchemy one of the four columns on which medicine is based, and he endeavours for an alchemical understanding of all the things of outward nature, just as the more common alchemists and even the great authorities had taken trouble for the understanding of the metallic nature and the possibility of its transmutation.
Paracelsus takes over their fundamental conceptions, for instance the famous "Tabula Smaragdina" and the doctrine of Sulphur and Mercury as the "prima materia" of all things. But he does not content himself with the simple tradition of recipes and theories, but out of the traditional terms he creates his philosophia adepta, by which he intends to recognize the unknown powers by the exterior forms of things, powers by which everything is determined, and which in the end are creative powers of God, even if in the sublunar sphere they manifest themselves in a "chemical" manner. The design of the world, which Paracelsus constructs on the basis of alchemy is hardly less sublime than that of our modern atomic physics, whereas the more common alchemists went on occupying themselves with their recipes, which have hardly changed if they have not become less comprehensible and more suspicious.
In this respect, the Green Lion (leo viridis) is a symbol of the stagnation of alchemic thought, which, in spite of all the various significances of gold does not go farther than simply gold and metals, and does not, like Paracelsus, dare to grasp the hidden powers in all the things of the outward world.
Semileptonic decays of the scalar tetraquark $Z_{bc;\overline{u} \overline{d}}^{0}$
Creators: name: Sundu, H.
name: Agaev, S. S.
name: Azizi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study semileptonic decays of the scalar tetraquark $Z_{bc;\overline{u} \overline{d}}^{0}$ to final states $T_{bs;\overline{u}\overline{d} }^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}$ and $T_{bs;\overline{u}\overline{d}}^{-}μ^{+}ν_μ$ , which run through the weak transitions $c\to se^{+}ν_{e}$ and $c\to sμ^{+}ν_μ$, respectively. To this end, we calculate the mass and coupling of the final-state scalar tetraquark $T_{bs;\overline{u}\overline{d} }^{-} $ by means of the QCD two-point sum rule method: these spectroscopic parameters are used in our following investigations. In calculations we take into account the vacuum expectation values of the quark, gluon, and mixed operators up to dimension ten. We use also three-point sum rules to evaluate the weak form factors $G_{i}(q^2)$ ($i=1,~2$) that describe these decays. The sum rule predictions for $G_{i}(q^2)$ are employed to construct fit functions $F_{i}(q^2)$, which allow us to extrapolate the form factors to the whole region of kinematically accessible $q^2$. These functions are required to get partial widths of the semileptonic decays $Γ\left( Z_{bc}^{0}\rightarrow Te^{+}ν_{e}\right) $ and $Γ\left( Z_{bc}^{0}\rightarrow Tμ^{+}ν_{μ}\right)$ by integrating corresponding differential rates. We analyze also the two-body nonleptonic decays $Z_{bc;\overline{u}\overline{d}}^{0} \to T_{bs;\overline{u}\overline{d }}^{-}π^{+}$ and $Z_{bc;\overline{u}\overline{d}}^{0} \to T_{bs;\overline{u }\overline{d}}^{-}K^{+}$, which are necessary to evaluate the full width of the $Z_{bc;\overline{u}\overline{d}}^{0}$. The obtained results for $Γ_{ \mathrm{full}}=(3.18\pm 0.39)\times 10^{-11}~\mathrm{MeV}$ and mean lifetime $20.7_{-2.3}^{+2.9}~\mathrm{ps}$ of the tetraquark $Z_{bc;\overline{u} \overline{d}}^{0}$ can be used in experimental investigations of this exotic state.
description: 10 Pages and 3 Figures
R. Int. de Dir. Público – RIDP | Belo Horizonte, ano 2, n. 2 jan./jun. 2017
Creators: name: Martins, Ricardo Marcondes
name: Dal Pozzo, Augusto Neves
name: Valim, Rafael
name: Rocha, Silvio Luiz Ferreira da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Número 2, Ano 2017, Jan/Jun - 2017 Proporcionalidade e boa administração Ricardo Marcondes Martins Da Europa social à Europa alemã António José Avelãs Nunes Los principios del derecho global de la contratación pública Jaime Rodríguez-Arana Muñoz Régimen jurídico de la acción de acceso a la información pública en el Uruguay Pablo Schiavi L’articulation du contrôle de l’action administrative entre les ordres juridictionnels judiciaires et administratifs en Belgique David Renders Alcances de los principios de igualdad y publicidad en las contrataciones de entidades estatales que adoptan formas asociativas de derecho privado Ernesto N. Bustelo Fundamentos de la regulación económica Rodrigo Ferrés Advocacia em tempos da Operação Lava Jato Paulo Lopo Saraiva
Psychological Premenstrual Symptoms as a Clinical Diagnosis: An Ethical Review
Creators: Carren-Le Sauter, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Ethics

description: Throughout most of history, there has been a certain amount of taboo involved in
the discussion of the female menstrual cycle. There is certainly something unnerving
about the idea that, every month, women lose about 70-80ml of blood. There are also
hormonal fluctuations during the cycle, which have other effects such as mood changes
and physical discomfort. It seems that much of the current stigma is related more to these
side effects than the actual menstruation itself, and they have come to be known as
premenstrual syndrome, or PMS. Though many are aware of this syndrome in a
colloquial sense, it is in fact a real disorder called Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, or
PMDD. It is currently listed in the DSM-IV under the Depressive Disorders NOS (not
otherwise specified), meaning it is a legitimate diagnostic disorder. This is helpful in that
psychologists are recognizing the problems women have with their menstrual cycle and
allowing them to get help, but there are many downsides that come along with having the
diagnosis of PMDD in the DSM. Should PMDD be included in the DSM? What are the
consequences?
Microwave-based Arbitrary CPHASE Gates for Transmon Qubits
Creators: name: Barron, George S.
name: Calderon-Vargas, F. A.
name: Long, Junling
name: Pappas, David
name: Economou, Sophia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting transmon qubits are of great interest for quantum computing and quantum simulation. A key component of quantum chemistry simulation algorithms is breaking up the evolution into small steps, which naturally leads to the need for non-maximally entangling, arbitrary CPHASE gates. Here we design such microwave-based gates using an analytically solvable approach leading to smooth, simple pulses. We use the local invariants of the evolution operator in $SU(4)$ to develop a method of constructing pulse protocols, which allows for the continuous tuning of the phase. We find CPHASE fidelities of more than $0.999$ and gate times as low as $100\text{ ns}$.
Poa muhavurensis C. E. Hubb.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Poa
Poa muhavurensis

description: Poa muhavurensis C.E.Hubb.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: HZ, AZ; 3 700–4 300 m. Distribution: IIIa.
 Voucher: West Mount Kenya, Alt. 2 600 m, 5 Mar. 1974, Davidse 7004 (EA).
References: Clayton (1970), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Amplifying magnetic fields of a newly born neutron star by stochastic angular momentum accretion in core collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a novel mechanism to boost magnetic field amplification of newly born neutron stars in core collapse supernovae. In this mechanism, that operates in the jittering jets explosion mechanism and comes on top of the regular magnetic field amplification by turbulence, the accretion of stochastic angular momentum in core collapse supernovae forms a neutron star with strong initial magnetic fields but with a slow rotation. The varying angular momentum of the accreted gas, which is unique to the jittering jets explosion mechanism, exerts a varying azimuthal shear on the magnetic fields of the accreted mass near the surface of the neutron star. This, I argue, can form an amplifying effect which I term the stochastic omega (S$ω$) effect. In the common $αω$ dynamo the rotation has constant direction and value, and hence supplies a constant azimuthal shear, while the convection has a stochastic behavior. In the S$ω$ dynamo the stochastic angular momentum is different from turbulence in that it operates on a large scale, and it is different from a regular rotational shear in being stochastic. The basic assumption is that because of the varying direction of the angular momentum axis from one accretion episode to the next, the rotational flow of an accretion episode stretches the magnetic fields that were amplified in the previous episode. I estimate the amplification factor of the S$ω$ dynamo alone to be $\approx 10$. I speculate that the S$ω$ effect accounts for a recent finding that many neutron stars are born with strong magnetic fields.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Cosmological cancellation of the vacuum energy density
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Valageas, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple model that provides a dynamical cancellation mechanism of the vacuum energy density appearing either in the form of a bare cosmological constant, quantum fluctuations of matter fields or the result of phase transitions. This `conformal compensator model' is based on a conformal coupling $A(φ)$ between the Einstein and the Jordan frames. This couples a second scalar field $λ$ to the trace of the matter energy-momentum tensor, including the bare cosmological constant, and serves as a dynamical Lagrange multiplier. As a result, the scalar $λ$ relaxes to a value which cancels the contributions from the vacuum energy density to the Friedmann equation, and adjusts itself to changes of the vacuum energy density after matter phase transitions. This circumvents Weinberg's theorem through the time dependence of the background scalar field $φ$. The radiation era, where the vacuum energy is annulled, is recovered in a natural manner. It is also possible to recover the matter era, via a tracking of the matter energy density by the scalar field, as well as the inflationary and dark energy eras, which correspond to regimes where the cancellation mechanism becomes inefficient. This suggests that inflation, dark energy, and the annulation of the vacuum energy density, could be related to the same mechanism. In this setting, the usual fine-tuning of the vacuum energy is avoided, although the onset of the dark energy era at the appropriate time is not explained.
description: 20 pages
On symmetries of generalized Calogero model and Polychronakos-Frahm chain
Creators: name: Hakobyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetry of the generalized Polychronakos-Frahm chain is obtained from the Dunkl-operator deformation of the unitary algebra, which describes the symmetry of the generalized Calogero model.
description: 9 pages
Psychophysical Evaluation of Descriptors and Tools for Measurement of Urge-to-Cough Sensation in Healthy Young Adults (HYA)
Creators: Rajappa, Akila Theyyar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Speech therapy
Psychophysiology
Cough

description: The studies contained in this dissertation were driven by a desire to improve the methods for sensory testing of cough for clinical research and practice. Two scientific gaps in the cough evaluation literature were identified and investigated using two specific studies on healthy young adult participants. The first study focused on validating an appropriate descriptor for cough sensations (Chapter 2) and the second study (Chapter 3) focused on evaluating magnitude estimation tools to measure cough sensations. The findings of this dissertation make several unique contributions to the cough literature. The first study systematically compared two descriptive responses to cough stimuli (i.e., capsaicin) within subjects in terms of both cough sensory and cough motor outcomes. Findings revealed two types of descriptive responses for capsaicin stimuli, warm/burn and urge-to-cough (UTC). The UTC descriptor was, however, more sensitive and a valid predictor of cough response. The second study systematically compared two magnitude estimation tools, the Modified Borg Scale (MBS) and the generalized Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS) to measure the UTC sensations. Findings revealed that both tools were reliable and valid in detecting UTC sensations and predicting cough response. However, a differential effect to detection of UTC sensations across neighboring stimuli concentrations were demonstrated by the two tools. This dissertation provides the first set of normative reference values for UTC responses across a wide range of sensory continua using the conventional metric, the MBS, and an additional metric, the gLMS. Limitations are acknowledged and future work is suggested.
Effects of polydispersity on the phase coexistence diagrams in multiblock copolymers with Laser block length distribution
Creators: name: Foroutan, M.
name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase behavior of AB-multiblock copolymer melts which consists of chains with Laser distribution of A and B blocks have been investigated in the framework of the mean-field theory, where the polydispersity of copolymer is a function of two parameters K and M. The influence of the Laser distribution on higher order correlation functions (up to sixth order) are computed for various values of K and M, and their contributions on the phase diagrams and phase coexistence are presented. It is shown that, with increasing polydispersity (decreasing K and increasing M) the transition lines of all phases shift upwards, consequently polydispersity destabilize the system.
description: 15 pages, Latex
Psychology of Creativity: Processes and Productions, Creators and Creations
Creators: Carel, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Creativity involves the discovery of that which is novel. It is seen as an activity resulting from
the ordinary thought processes of ordinary individuals that happens when someone does
something new that is also practical, generative, or influential. There are three levels of creativity. The first involves that which is
appropriate and useful. It solves problems of an everyday nature. The second level involves that
which is generative. Under this level, solutions extend beyond the original situation and lead to
other ideas that then serve as a springboard. The third level involves that which is influential and
changes its field entirely. An influential solution expands the field and alters the way people
view the field, listen to it, think about it, react to it, and create new work within that field.
title: Robert Schönhöfer
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1954
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 902

description: Nachruf auf der Plenarsitzung der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft am 16. Juni 1954
title: Ragnar Olof Oscar Schlyter
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1954
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 902

description: Nachruf auf der Plenarsitzung der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft am 16. Juni 1954
Diversity Measures as New Concept Drift Detection Methods in Data Stream Mining
Creators: name: Mahdi, Osamah Abdulsattar
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Psychological distress among mothers of young children in rural Ghana and Uganda and its association with child health and nutritional status
Creators: Vousoura, Eleni
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Clinical psychology

description: Depression and anxiety, the most common mental disorders (CMD), are highly prevalent among women of childbearing age, but are even higher among mothers in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), possibly due to mothers' disproportionate exposure to multiple risk factors, such as poverty, gender disparities and violence, and a high prevalence of medical illness. The extra burden imposed by maternal CMD in LMIC can be nothing short of catastrophic, affecting infant and child growth and leading to preventable illness and death among children. One possible mechanism, by which maternal CMD lead to compromised child development, is through negatively affecting mothers' health-promoting behaviors (e.g., contraceptive use, participation in antenatal care) and child-care practices (e.g., vaccination uptake, cessation of breastfeeding, sanitation practices).
      The aim of this study was three-fold. First, to assess psychological distress among mothers of young children (aged 0-5 years) as measured by the Kessler 6 (K6), a brief screening instrument for nonspecific psychological distress in Ghana and Uganda. Second, to identify sociodemographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, and psychosocial correlates of maternal psychological distress in Ghana and Uganda. Third, to explore the relationship between maternal psychological distress, child health-promoting practices, and child health outcomes and nutritional status.
      The study utilized cross-sectional baseline data from the Millennium Villages Project. One hundred mothers in Ghana and 100 in Uganda who had at least one child up to 5 years at the time of baseline collection participated in the study.
      Results provided evidence for the adequate reliability and validity of the K6 in our study. Several correlates of maternal distress were identified in the study, some of which were common for both sites, while others where site-specific. Maternal distress was associated with maternal sanitation practices in Uganda. An exploratory analysis revealed a significant relationship between maternal distress and risk for child undernutrition.
      These findings offer partial support for the relationship between maternal psychological distress and poor child health outcomes. Discussion of the study findings focuses on the social roots of maternal distress in SSA. The clinical implications of the study and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Measuring Nonequilibrium Temperature of Forced Oscillators
Creators: name: Hatano, Takahiro
name: Jou, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The meaning of temperature in nonequilibrium thermodynamics is considered by using a forced harmonic oscillator in a heat bath, where we have two effective temperatures for the position and the momentum, respectively. We invent a concrete model of a thermometer to testify the validity of these different temperatures from the operational point of view. It is found that the measured temperature depends on a specific form of interaction between the system and a thermometer, which means the zeroth law of thermodynamics cannot be immediately extended to nonequilibrium cases.
description: 8 pages
Multi-Black-Holes in 3D and 4D anti-de Sitter Spacetimes
Creators: name: Brill, Dieter R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The (single) black hole solutions of Bañados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) in 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space are generalized to an arbitrary number $n$ of such black holes. The resulting multi-black-hole (MBH) spacetime is locally isometric to anti-de Sitter space, and globally it is obtained from the latter as a quotient space by means of suitable identifications. The MBH spacetime has $n$ asymptotically anti-de Sitter exterior regions, each of which has the geometry of a single BTZ black hole. These exterior regions are separated by $n$ horizons from a common interior region. This interior region can be described as a ``closed" universe containing $n$ black holes. Similar configurations in 3+1 dimensions, with horizons of toroidal and higher genus topologies, are also presented.
description: Talk given at the Journees Relativistes 96 (Ascona, Switzerland). 4 pages, LaTeX, includes 1 LaTeX figure
Singularity avoidance in Bianchi I quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Kwidzinski, Nick
name: Piontek, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend recent discussions of singularity avoidance in quantum gravity from isotropic to anisotropic cosmological models. The investigation is done in the framework of quantum geometrodynamics (Wheeler-DeWitt equation). We formulate criteria of singularity avoidance for general Bianchi class A models and give explicit and detailed results for Bianchi I models with and without matter. We find that the classical singularities can generally be avoided in these models.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, final version
Additional file 1 of Hypoxia adipose stem cell-derived exosomes promote high-quality healing of diabetic wound involves activation of PI3K/Akt pathways
Creators: name: Wang, Jie
name: Wu, Hao
name: Peng, Yixuan
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Qin, Youyou
name: Zhang, Yingbo
name: Xiao, Zhibo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. (A) ROS generation was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy, and a stronger red fluorescence intensity indicates a higher production of ROS. (B) HIF-1α protein levels increased after HypADSCs-exo treatment of HF. Data are represented as mean ± SD. n = 3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bars 100 μm.
Poa schimperiana A. Rich.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Poa
Poa schimperiana

description: Poa schimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ, AZ; 2 200–4 200 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Timau Track, Alt. 3000 m, 15 Aug. 1980, Young 70 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1927a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Optimal Classification and Outlier Detection for Stripped-Envelope Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Williamson, Marc
name: Modjaz, Maryam
name: Bianco, Federica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the current era of time-domain astronomy, it is increasingly important to have rigorous, data driven models for classifying transients, including supernovae. We present the first application of Principal Component Analysis to the spectra of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae. We use one of the largest compiled optical datasets of stripped-envelope supernovae, containing 160 SNe and 1551 spectra. We find that the first 5 principal components capture 79\% of the variance of our spectral sample, which contains the main families of stripped supernovae: Ib, IIb, Ic and broad-lined Ic. We develop a quantitative, data-driven classification method using a support vector machine, and explore stripped-envelope supernovae classification as a function of phase relative to V-band maximum light. Our classification method naturally identifies "transition" supernovae and supernovae with contested labels, which we discuss in detail. We find that the stripped-envelope supernovae types are most distinguishable in the later phase ranges of $10\pm5$ days and $15\pm5$ days relative to V-band maximum, and we discuss the implications of our findings for current and future surveys such as ZTF and LSST.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Published in ApJL (questions and comments welcome). Link to code: https://github.com/nyusngroup/SESNspectraPCA
Psychosocial Stressors and Major Depression, Schizophrenia, and Schizophreniform Disorder
Creators: Williams, Janet B.W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Mental health
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social service

description: This study explored the relationship between the severity and types of psychosocial stressors and three major mental disorders. The data were derived from the field trials of the third edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), in which over 12,000 patients from all over the country were evaluated by over 500 clinicians. Two hundred forty-seven patients with Major Depression and 247 with Schizophrenia were randomly selected for this study, along with all 112 patients given the diagnosis of Schizophreniform Disorder, a disorder similar to Schizophrenia except for its brief duration.

The number of psychosocial stressors recorded by the evaluating clinician for each subject was examined, and each stressor was classified according to whether it represented an entrance into or exit from the social field of the subject, whether or not it was desirable, whether or not its occurrence had been under the control of the subject, the number of Life Change Units it entailed, and what area of the subject's life is affected. These variables were then compared across diagnostic groups, for individuals with and without associated Personality Disorders. In addition, for each diagnostic group, the relationship between the subjects' highest mean level of adaptive functioning and the mean severity of their psychosocial stressors was examined, using the multiaxial system of DSM-III.

Major findings that replicated those reported in the literature include that a greater proportion of individuals with Major Depression were reported to have experienced a greater number of stressors, undesirable events, entrances, and uncontrollable events, than individuals with Schizophrenia. Significant new findings include that, for Schizophrenia, the highest level of adaptive functioning in the past year and level of severity of stressors experienced prior to episode onset are positively correlated, while for Major Depression these variables are negatively correlated. The results for Schizophreniform Disorder are equivocal, with similar results to Major Depression for some stressor dimensions, and midway between the other groups on others.

The implications for social work practice of these findings and further study of life events are great, for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of mental illness.
A singularity-free WEC-respecting time machine
Creators: name: Krasnikov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A time machine (TM) is constructed whose creating in contrast to all TMs known so far requires neither singularities, nor violation of the weak energy condition (WEC). The spacetime exterior to the TM closely resembles the Friedmann universe.
description: The final version. To be published in CQG. The proof is made more detailed and a few minor errors are corrected
Integrable Modifications of the Ito-Narita-Bogoyavlensky Equation
Creators: name: Garifullin, Rustem N.
name: Yamilov, Ravil I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K05, 37K10, 35G20

description: We consider five-point differential-difference equations. Our aim is to find integrable modifications of the Ito-Narita-Bogoyavlensky equation related to it by non-invertible discrete transformations. We enumerate all modifications associated to transformations of the first, second and third orders. As far as we know, such a classification problem is solved for the first time in the discrete case. We analyze transformations obtained to specify their nature. A number of new integrable five-point equations and new transformations have been found. Moreover, we have derived one new completely discrete equation. There are a few non-standard transformations which are of the Miura type or are linearizable in a non-standard way. We have also proved that the orders of possible transformations are restricted by the number five in this problem.