cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Promoting or restricting competition?: Regulation of the UK retail residential energy market since 2008
Creators: name: Littlechild, S.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: non-discrimination

description: Since 2008 UK energy regulator Ofgem has imposed increasingly severe restrictions on suppliers to the domestic (residential) retail market. Initially, non-discrimination conditions aimed to “remove unfair price differentials”, particularly between suppliers' prices between regions, totalling £0.5 bn. This actually envisaged increasing prices to other customers by £0.5 billion, to maintain revenue neutrality. In the event, competition reduced, customer switching fell by half, and profits of major suppliers increased by nearly £1 billion, at the expense of customers. Later, restrictions on the number and types of tariffs aimed to encourage customers to engage in the market. However, there is no empirical evidence to justify this, and the policy prohibits many discounts and tariff types that customers value, especially vulnerable customers. Perhaps Ofgem felt pressed to Do Something in the face of an unprecedented increase in energy prices. Successive Governments have supported its interventions, but cannot be blamed for designing them. The decline of economists in senior positions at Ofgem removed an important 'sanity check'. But Ofgem itself bears responsibility for its change in policy since 2008. It may have been well-meaning, attempting to protect the interests of vulnerable customers, but inappropriate restrictions have made customers worse off. Should other regulators follow suit? No. Hopefully the CMA market investigation will reveal this and bring to an end one of the most misguided episodes in the modern history of UK regulation.
Conformal Maxwell theory as a singleton field theory on AdS_5, IIB three-branes and duality
Creators: name: Ferrara, S.
name: Fronsdal, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the boundary conditions associated with extended supersymmetric Maxwell theory in 5-dimensional anti-De Sitter space. Excitations on the boundary are identical to those of ordinary 4-dimensional conformal invariant super electrodynammics. Extrapolations of these excitations give rise to a 5-dimensional topological gauge theory of the singleton type. The possibility of a connection of this phenomenon to the world volume theory of 3-branes in IIB string theory is discussed.
description: 19 pages, TeX, no figures; v2: misprints corrected, references added, discussion on Chern-Simons couplings revised. v3: References added, misprints corrected and a discussion in section 2 revised. v4: Typos corrected and reference added
title: Paper: "Chronology Related to Systems Science of Complexity, Generic Design and Interactive Management," 1988
Creators: name: Warfield, John
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Warfield, John N.
subject: Battelle Memorial Institute
subject: IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society
subject: Interpretive Structural Management (ISM)
subject: Chronology
subject: Kohli, Faquir
subject: Saudi Arabian National Center for Science and Technology (SANCST)
subject: Demosophia
subject: Interactive Management (IM)
subject: Christakis, Alexander
subject: Burroughs Corporation
subject: George Mason University
subject: Domain of Science Model
subject: Generic Design
subject: Ford Motor Compnay
subject: Cardenas, Roxana

description: Manuscript: typescript, 7 pgs. 8.5" x 11" (21.59 cm x 27.94 cm
description: A chronology of Warfield's experience with the science of complexity, generic design science and Interactive Management (IM). Covers the period 1956-1998. John N. Warfield Collection 90.15
A Global Carbon Market?
Creators: name: Pollitt, M. G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2016
Subjects: carbon market
carbon tax
EU ETS

description: This paper explores the prospects for a global carbon market as the centrepiece of any serious attempt to reach the ambitious goal for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions set by climate scientists. My aim is to clarify the extent to which we know what policy might best support global decarbonisation. I begin by discussing what we might mean by a global carbon market and its theoretical properties. I proceed to discuss the EU Emissions Trading System experience and the recent experience with the Australian carbon tax. Next, I assess the evolving carbon market initiatives in the US and in China. In the conclusion, I apply some principles of 'good' energy policy making to the prospects for a successful global carbon market.
Gamma-ray emission from high Galactic latitude globular clusters
Creators: name: Lloyd, Sheridan J.
name: Chadwick, Paula M.
name: Brown, Anthony M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse 8 years of PASS 8 Fermi-LAT data, in the 60 MeV - 300 GeV energy range, from 30 high Galactic latitude globular clusters. Six of these globular clusters are detected with a TS > 25, with NGC 6254 being detected as gamma-ray bright for the first time. The most significant detection is of the well-known globular cluster 47 Tuc, and we produce a refined spectral fit for this object with a log parabola model. NGC 6093, NGC 6752 and NGC 6254 are fitted with hard, flat power law models, NGC 7078 is best fitted with a soft power law and NGC 6218 is best fitted with a hard, broken power law. This variety of spectral models suggests that there is a variety of gamma-ray source types within globular clusters, in addition to the traditional millisecond pulsar interpretation. We identify a correspondence between diffuse X-ray emission in globular cluster cores and gamma-ray emission. This connection suggests that gamma-ray emission in globular clusters could also arise from unresolved X-ray sources or a relativistic electron population, perhaps generated by the millisecond pulsars. X-ray observations of further gamma-ray bright globular clusters would allow a functional relationship to be determined between diffuse X-ray and gamma-ray emission.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Does Inflation Slow Long-Run Growth in India?
Creators: name: Mohaddes, K.
name: Raissi, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: growth
threshold effects
cross-sectional heterogeneity and dependence.

description: This paper examines the long-run relationship between consumer price index industrial workers (CPI-IW) inflation and GDP growth in India. We collect data on a sample of 14 Indian states over the period 1989-?2013, and use the cross-sectionally augmented distributed lag (CS-DL) approach of Chudik et al. (2013) as well as the standard panel ARDL method for estimation? to account for cross-state heterogeneity and dependence, dynamics and feedback effects. Our findings suggest that, on average, there is a negative long-run relationship between inflation and economic growth in India. We also find statistically-significant inflation-growth threshold effects in the case of states with persistently-elevated inflation rates of above 5.5 percent. This suggests the need for the Reserve Bank of India to balance the short-term growth-inflation trade-off, in light of the long-term negative effects on growth of persistently-high inflation.
Testing against Changing Correlation
Creators: name: Harvey, A.
name: Thiele, S.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Lagrange multiplier test
Portmanteau test
Time-varying covariance matrices.

description: A test for time-varying correlation is developed within the framework of a dynamic conditional score (DCS) model for both Gaussian and Student t-distributions. The test may be interpreted as a Lagrange multiplier test and modified to allow for the estimation of models for time-varying volatility in the individual series. Unlike standard moment-based tests, the score-based test statistic includes information on the level of correlation under the null hypothesis and local power arguments indicate the benefits of doing so. A simulation study shows that the performance of the score-based test is strong relative to existing tests across a range of data generating processes. An application to the Hong Kong and South Korean equity markets shows that the new test reveals changes in correlation that are not detected by the standard moment-based test.
Assessing Interbank Connectedness Using Transmission Decomposition Techniques: an Application to Eurozone SIFIs
Creators: name: Muijsson, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Systemic Risk.

description: This paper aims to disentangle the impact of multiple transmission channels in interbank connectedness. We use the identification properties of a structural vector autoregression with a multivariate GARCH-in-mean structure (SVAR-MGARCH-M) to model the dynamics in equity returns of the Eurozone systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs). We can identify the impacts of multiple transmission channels such as asset communality, interbank deposits, and information contagion. Asset communality is both a factor in the transmission of shocks and a means of diversification: heightened connectedness results in an increase in shock spillovers, which are countered by risk sharing benefits. We show that connectedness increased during the financial crisis with a major role for common exposures. Institutions move from being a net recipient to a net transmitter of shocks when the asset communality channel is taken into account, suggesting that we need to evaluate the systemic importance of an institution using all transmission components.
Has the income share of the middle and upper-middle been stable over time, or is its current homogeneity across the world the outcome of a process of convergence? The 'Palma Ratio' revisited
Creators: name: Palma, J. G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: 'Palma Ratio'
homogeneous middle and upper- middle
convergence
institutional persistence
ideology
'new left'
Latin America
Africa
Brazil
Chile
South Africa
United States.

description: In an article published in Development and Change in 2011, I suggested an alternative measure of inequality to the Gini - a "19th Century statistic" - which has subsequently become known as the 'Palma Ratio'. In this new article, I revisit the argument for such a measure. Using new data, I examine whether the current remarkable homogeneity in the income share of the middle and upper-middle around the world - the foundation of the so-called 'Palma Ratio' - is an historically stable stylised fact, or whether it is a new phenomenon, the outcome of a process of convergence towards the current '50/50 Rule' (a state of affairs in which half of the population in each country located within deciles 5 to 9 tends to appropriate about 50 per cent of the national income). Although partly written in response to a comment on my 2011 paper, this article has evolved to become a further attempt at contributing to the literature on inequality and the statistics to measure it. As in my 2011 paper, in this one I also conclude that if we want to understand why inequality is so unequal across the world we have little choice but to keep reminding ourselves of what I believe to be the most crucial of all distributional stylisedfacts (highlighted by the sub-title of that article): "The share of the rich is what it's all about." The logic of the 'Palma Ratio' is precisely to emphasise this fact - as well as to draw attention to the increasingly artificial (i.e., self-constructed) foundations of growing inequality (as opposed to Piketty, I believe that 'r' is currently so much greater than 'g' as a direct result of human agency, and not as a supposed inevitable outcome of the workings of the invisible hand...). And if one not only wants to understand why inequality is so unequal across the world, but also get closer to understanding why growth is also so diverse, what we should write in our noticeboards is: "It's all about the share of the rich, and what they do with it". This is particularly important to understand if we really want to do something about inequality (and growth), because as someone rightly said long ago, philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways; the point now is to change it.
description: neo-liberalism
The Multiple Impacts of the Exchange Rate on Export Diversification
Creators: name: Goya, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: concentration
exchange rate
exchange rate volatility
pooled mean group.

description: There is evidence that suggests that one of the channels through which the exchange rate could have an impact on growth is export product diversification. I distinguish between the variety and concentration dimensions of export diversification and review the theoretical and empirical literature relating these two dimensions to the level and the volatility of the exchange rate. Using disaggregated trade data for a long panel of countries, I investigate these relationships employing an econometric methodology that allows for heterogeneity of coefficients across countries, and discuss two sources of bias which are often overlooked. I find that the variety dimension of export diversification is positively related to a weaker exchange rate and negatively related to exchange rate volatility. These relationships seem to be stronger for goods with higher technological intensity. I do not find a clear relationship between the exchange rate and the concentration of exports.
Two-Pion Exchange Interaction Between Constituent Quarks
Creators: name: Riska, D. O.
name: Brown, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-pion exchange interaction between constituent quarks is shown to enhance the effect of the the isospin dependent spin-spin component of the one-pion exchange interaction, and to cancel out its tensor component. It therefore provides a partial explanation for the phenomenological observation that the hyperfine interaction between constituent quarks is well described by a flavor dependent spin-spin interaction, which is attractive at short and repulsive at long range. The spin-orbit component of the two-pion exchange interaction is stronger than and has the opposite sign from that associated with the linear confining interaction in the $P-$shell multiplets.
description: Revised accepted version
Pro-competitive rationing in multi-unit auctions
Creators: name: Holmberg, P.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: rationing rules
bidding format

description: In multi-unit auctions, such as auctions of commodities and securities, and financial exchanges, it is necessary to specify rationing rules to break ties between multiple marginal bids. The standard approach in the literature and in pratice is to ration marginal bids proportionally. This paper shows how bidding can be made more competitive if the rationing rule instead gives increasing priority to bidders with a small volume of marginal bids at clearing prices closer to the reservation price. In comparison to standard rationing, such a rule can have almost the same effect on the competitiveness of bids as a doubling of the number of bidders.
Incentive Regulation and Utility Benchmarking for Electricity Network Security
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Nepal, R.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: incentive regulation
exceptional events

description: The incentive regulation of costs related to physical and cyber security in electricity networks is an important but relatively unexplored and ambiguous issue. These costs can be part of a cost efficiency benchmarking or alternatively dealt separately. This paper discusses the issues and proposes on the options for incorporating network security costs within incentive regulation in a benchmarking framework. The relevant concerns and limitations associated with network security costs accounting and classification, choice of cost drivers, data adequacy and quality and the relevant benchmarking methodologies are discussed. The discussion suggests that the present regulatory treatment of network security costs using benchmarking is rather limited to being an informative regulatory tool than being deterministic. We discuss how alternative approaches outside of the benchmarking framework such as the use of stochastic cost-benefit analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of network security investments can complement the results obtained from benchmarking.
Asymmetry in Solar Torsional Oscillation and the Sunspot Cycle
Creators: name: B, Lekshmi
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
name: Antia, H M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar torsional oscillations are migrating bands of slower- and faster-than-average rotation, which are strongly related to the Sun's magnetic cycle. We perform a long-term study (16 yr) of hemispherical asymmetry in solar torsional oscillation velocity using helioseismic data for the first time. We study the north-south asymmetry in the velocity using the zonal flow velocities obtained by ring diagram analysis of the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Doppler images. We find significant hemispherical asymmetry in the torsional oscillation velocity and explore its variation with respect to depth, time, and latitude. We also calculate the hemispherical asymmetry in the surface velocity measurements from the Mount Wilson Observatory and the zonal flow velocities obtained from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager ring diagram pipeline. These asymmetries are found to be consistent with the asymmetry obtained from GONG observations. We show that the asymmetry in near-surface torsional oscillation velocity is correlated with the asymmetry in magnetic flux and sunspot number at the solar surface, with the velocity asymmetry preceding the flux and sunspot number asymmetries. We speculate that the asymmetry in torsional oscillation velocity may help in predicting the hemispherical asymmetry in sunspot cycles.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The Final Hurdle?: Security of supply, the Capacity Mechanism and the role of interconnectors
Creators: name: Newbery, D.
name: Grubb, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: interconnectors

description: The UK Government has developed a carefully designed Capacity Mechanism to ensure security of supply in the GB electricity system. This paper criticises the methods used to determine the amount of capacity to procure, and argues that the amount finally proposed is likely to be excessive, particularly (but not exclusively) in ignoring the contribution from interconnectors. More broadly, there has been too little attention to either the political economy, or the option value aspects. Procuring too little is risky, but fear of'the lights going out' can easily become a catch-all argument for excessive procurement, and associated subsidy. The risk of over-procurement, particularly of new capacity on long-term contracts, is that it drives up the costs to consumers; undermines renewable energy by transferring capped resources from renewable to fossil fuel producers; and impedes the Single Market including by weakening the business case for future interconnectors. The paper argues that the development of technologies and markets, particularly on the demand- side and of potentially available – 'latent' – capacity - further lowers the risks and increases options. This implies greater potential to defer more capacity procurement – and enhances the value of a more appropriate treatment of interconnectors in security assessments.
Bosonic and fermionic single-particle states in the Haldane approach to statistics for identical particles
Creators: name: Isakov, Serguei B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give two formulations of exclusion statistics (ES) using a variable number of bosonic or fermionic single-particle states which depend on the number of particles in the system. Associated bosonic and fermionic ES parameters are introduced and are discussed for FQHE quasiparticles, anyons in the lowest Landau level and for the Calogero-Sutherland model. In the latter case, only one family of solutions is emphasized to be sufficient to recover ES; appropriate families are specified for a number of formulations of the Calogero-Sutherland model. We extend the picture of variable number of single-particle states to generalized ideal gases with statistical interaction between particles of different momenta. Integral equations are derived which determine the momentum distribution for single-particle states and distribution of particles over the single-particle states in the thermal equilibrium.
description: 6 pages, REVTEX
Sustainable Electricity Grid Development and the Public: An Economic Approach
Creators: name: Tobiasson, W.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: public and local opposition
compensation and benefit sharing.

description: Increasingly, local opposition to new electricity grid development projects cause lengthy delays and places financial and practical strain on the projects. The structure of the electricity industry is in transition due to the emergence of smaller but more numerous electricity generation facilities. Also, the general public and local communities are increasingly active and engage with energy and environmental issues. Thus, the traditional decision making frameworks and processes are proving less effective in solving the present time conflicts between local communities and other stakeholders. This paper proposes an economic approach to resolve such conflicts. This paper discusses how compensation, benefit sharing, and property rights can play a role in reducing community opposition to new grid developments. We argue that these methods need to be part of an overarching societal strategy and policy towards environmental effects of grid development. We then propose that such impacts can be addressed within the framework of 'weak' versus 'strong' sustainability. Finally, we suggest that the concepts of 'collective negotiation' and 'menu of options' in regulatory economics can be adapted to operationalize this sustainability-based approach to community engagement with new grid projects
Hadronization of massive quark matter
Creators: name: Biro, T. S.
name: Levai, P.
name: Zimanyi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fast hadronization model for the constituent quark plasma (CQP) produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions at SPS. The model is based on rate equations and on an equation of state inspired by the string phenomenology. This equation of state has a confining character. We display the time evolution of the relevant physical quantities during the hadronization process and the final hadron multiplicities. The results indicate that the hadronization of CQP is fast.
description: 12 pages, Latex, 2 EPS figures, contribution to the Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM'98), Padova, Italy, 20-24 July 1998
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0055
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0055, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0055, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Very massive stars in not so massive clusters
Creators: name: Oh, Seungkyung
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very young star clusters in the Milky Way exhibit a well-defined relation between their maximum stellar mass, m_max, and their mass in stars, M_ecl. A recent study shows that the young intermediate-mass star cluster VVV CL041 possibly hosts a >80 Msun star, WR62-2, which appears to violate the existence of the m_max-M_ecl relation since the mass of the star is almost two times higher than that expected from the relation. By performing direct N-body calculations with the same mass as the cluster VVV CL041 (3000 Msun), we study whether such a very massive star can be formed via dynamically induced stellar collisions in a binary-rich star cluster that initially follows the m_max-M_ecl relation. Eight out of 100 clusters form a star more massive than 80 Msun through multiple stellar collisions. This suggests that the VVV CL041 cluster may have become an outlier of the relation because of its early-dynamical evolution, even if the cluster followed the relation at birth. We find that more than half of our model clusters host a merger product as its most massive member within the first 5 Myr of cluster evolution. Thus, the existence of stars more massive than the m_max-M_ecl relation in some young clusters is expected due to dynamical processes despite the validity of the m_max-M_ecl relation. We briefly discuss evolution of binary populations in our model.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, MNRAS in press
Integrating Over Higgs Branches
Creators: name: Moore, G.
name: Nekrasov, N.
name: Shatashvili, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop some useful techinques for integrating over Higgs branches in supersymmetric theories with 4 and 8 supercharges. In particular, we define a regularized volume for hyperkahler quotients. We evaluate this volume for certain ALE and ALF spaces in terms of the hyperkahler periods. We also reduce these volumes for a large class of hyperkahler quotients to simpler integrals. These quotients include complex coadjoint orbits, instanton moduli spaces on R^4 and ALE manifolds, Hitchin spaces, and moduli spaces of parabolic Higgs bundles on Riemann surfaces. In the case of Hitchin spaces the evaluation of the volume reduces to a summation over solutions of Bethe Ansatz equations for the non-linear Schroedinger system. We discuss some applications of our results.
description: 32pp. harvmac big mode; v.2 34pp. typos fixed, sections 4.1, 5.2 substantially improved
LOS FUNDAMENTOS HISTÓRICOS DEL SISTEMA JURÍDICO VERSUS LA PERSONALIDAD ELECTRÓNICA DE LOS ROBOTS
Creators: name: MARINA ROJO GALLEGO-BURÍN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Este trabajo se dedica al estudio del devenir histórico-jurídico de la personalidad jurídica, en aras de formular un juicio crítico sobre el propósito de atribuir personalidad electrónica a las máquinas dotadas de inteligencia artificial. Ello constituye un tema controvertido que ha suscitado la Resolución del Parlamento Europeo de 16 de febrero de 2017, con recomendaciones destinadas a la Comisión sobre normas de Derecho civil sobre robótica (2015/2103(INL)). Se trata de una problemática que sólo es posible analizar considerando los fundamentos históricos de nuestro sistema jurídico, aspecto del que no se ha ocupado la doctrina hasta la fecha.
Computing $N$-subjettiness for boosted jets
Creators: name: Napoletano, Davide
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet substructure tools have proven useful in a number of high-energy particle-physics studies. A particular case is the discrimination, or tagging, between a boosted jet originated from an electroweak boson (signal), and a standard QCD parton (background). A common way to achieve this is to cut on a measure of the radiation inside the jet, i.e. a jet shape. Over the last few years, analytic calculations of jet substructure have allowed for a deeper understanding of these tools and for the development of more efficient ones. However, analytic calculations are often limited to the region where the jet shape is small. In this paper we introduce a new approach in perturbative QCD to compute jet shapes for a generic boosted jets, waiving the above limitation. We focus on an example common in the substructure literature: the jet mass distribution after a cut on the $N$-subjettiness $τ_{21}$ ratio, extending previous works to the region relevant for phenomenology. We compare our analytic predictions to Monte Carlo simulations for both plain and SoftDrop-groomed jets. We use our results to construct analytically a decorrelated tagger.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Does treatment for sexual offending work?
Creators: name: Tyler, Nichola
name: Gannon, Theresa
name: Olver, Mark
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110999 Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: No description supplied
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0203r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0203r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0203r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Hadron Diffractive Processes: the Structure of Soft Pomeron and Colour Screening
Creators: name: Dakhno, L. G.
name: Nikonov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the experimental data on diffractive processes in $πp$, $pp$ and $p \bar p$ collisions at intermediate, moderately high and high energies, we restore the scattering amplitude related to the $t$-channel exchange by vacuum quantum numbers by taking account of the diffractive $s$-channel rescatterings. At intermediate and moderately high energies, the $t$-channel exchange amplitude turns, with a good accuracy, into an effective pomeron which renders the results of the additive quark model. At superhigh energies the scattering amplitude provides a Froissart-type behaviour, with an asymptotic universality of cross sections such as $σ^{tot}_{πp}/σ^{tot}_{pp} \to 1$ at $s \to \infty$. The quark structure of hadrons being taken into account at the level of constituent quarks, the cross sections of pion and proton (antiproton) in the impact parameter space of quarks, $σ_π(\vec {r}_{1\perp},\vec {r}_{2\perp};s)$ and $σ_p(\vec {r}_{1\perp},\vec {r}_{2\perp},\vec {r}_{3\perp};s)$, are found as functions of $s$. These cross sections implicate the phenomenon of colour screening: they tend to zero at $|\vec r_{i\perp}-\vec r_{k\perp}| \to 0$. The effective colour screening radius for pion (proton) is found for different $s$. The predictions for the diffractive cross sections at superhigh energies are presented.
description: LaTeX, epsfig.sty
Communication networks in markets
Creators: name: Gallo, E.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: experiment
noncooperative bargaining
50-50 division

description: This paper proposes a dynamic model of bargaining to analyze decentralized markets where buyers and sellers obtain information about past deals through their social network. There is a unique equilibrium outcome which depends crucially on the peripheral (least connected) individuals in each group. The main testable predictions are that groups with high density and/or low variability in the number of connections across individuals allow their members to obtain a better deal. These predictions are tested in a lab experiment through 4 treatments that vary the network that groups of 6 subjects are assigned to. The results of the experiment lend support to the theoretical predictions: subjects converge to a high equilibrium demand if they are assigned to a network that is dense and/or has low variability in number of connections across members. An extension explores an alternative set-up in which buyers and sellers belong to the same social network: if the network is regular and the agents are homogeneous then the unique equilibrium division is 50-50
Policies for decarbonizing a liberalized power sector
Creators: name: Newbery, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2016
Subjects: carbon price
electricity
investment
renewables
marginal abatement cost

description: Given the agreed urgency of decarbonizing electricity and the need to guide decentralized private decisions, an adequate and credible carbon price appears essential. The paper defines and quantifies the useful concept of the break-even carbon price for mature zero-carbon electricity investments. It appears an attractive alternative given the difficulty of measuring the social cost of carbon, but modelling shows it extremely sensitive to projected fuel prices, the rate of interest, and the capital cost of generation options, all of which are very uncertain. This has important implications, and justifies combining a carbon price floor with suitable long-term contracts for electricity investments. The same sensitivity demonstrated for the break-even carbon price translates into similar sensitivities for marginal abatement cost curves.
Strategies for Financing Large-scale Carbon Capture and Storage Power Plants in China
Creators: name: Liang, X.
name: Liu, H.
name: Reiner, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Electricity
Finance
China

description: Building on previous stakeholder consultations from 2006 to 2010, we conduct a financial analysis for a generic CCS power plant in China. In comparison with conventional thermal generation technologies, a coal-fired power plant with CCS requires either a 70% higher on-grid electricity tariff or carbon price support of approximately US$50/tonne CO2 in the absence of any other incentive mechanisms or financing strategies. Given the difficulties of relying on any one single measure to finance a large-scale CCS power plant in China, we explore a combination of possible financing mechanisms. Potential measures available for increasing the return on the CCS investment include: enhanced oil recovery (EOR), a premium electricity tariff, and operational investment flexibility (e.g. solvent storage, upgradability). A simulation found that combining several financing options could not only provide private investors with a 12% to 18% return on equity (ROE), but also significantly reduce the required on-grid tariff to a level that is very close to the tariff level of existing coal-fired power plants and much lower than the tariffs for natural gas combined cycle and nuclear power plants. Therefore, we suggest that a combination of existing financing measures could trigger private investment in a large-scale CCS power plant in China.
title: Letter: Joel T. Broyhill to H.H. Harris, June 22, 1961
Creators: name: Broyhill, Joel T.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Traffic
subject: Transportation

description: Letter: 4 pgs, typescript unsigned, 14" x 8.5" (35.6 cm x 21.6 cm)
description: Letter by Rep. Joel T. Broyhill to H.H. Harris, Commissioner of the Virginia State Highway Commission, regarding the widening of Shirley Highway. C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Collection 34.14
The impact of the metallicity and star formation rate on the time-dependent galaxy-wide stellar initial mass function
Creators: name: Jerabkova, T.
name: Zonoozi, A. H.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Beccari, G.
name: Yan, Z.
name: Vazdekis, A.
name: Zhang, Z. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is commonly assumed to be an invariant probability density distribution function of initial stellar masses being represented by the canonical IMF. As a consequence the galaxy-wide IMF (gwIMF), defined as the sum of the IMFs of all star forming regions, should also be invariant. Recent observational and theoretical results challenge the hypothesis that the gwIMF is invariant. In order to study the possible reasons for this variation we use the IMF determined in resolved star clusters and apply the IGIMF-theory to calculate a grid of gwIMF models for metallicities, -3 1\,M_\odot$/yr, which is a common condition in the early Universe, we find that the gwIMF is top-heavy (more massive stars), when compared to the canonical IMF. For a SFR $< 1\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}/yr}$ the gwIMF becomes top-light regardless of the metallicity. For metallicities $\mathrm{[Fe/H]} > 0$ the gwIMF can become bottom-heavy regardless of the SFR. The IGIMF models predict that massive elliptical galaxies should have formed with a gwIMF that is top-heavy within the first few hundred Myr of the galaxy's life and that it evolves into a bottom-heavy gwIMF in the metal-enriched galactic center. We study the SFR$-$H$α$ relation, its dependency on metallicity and the SFR, the correction factors to the Kennicutt SFR$_{\rm K}-$H$α$ relation, and provide new fitting functions Late-type dwarf galaxies show significantly higher SFRs with respect to Kennicutt SFRs, while star forming massive galaxies have significantly lower SFRs than hitherto thought. This has implications for the gas-consumption time scales and for the main sequence of galaxies. The Leo P and ultra-faint dwarf galaxies are discussed explicitly. [abridged]
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A) in press. 15 pages, 8 figures
Trust and European-Russian Energy Cooperation: The Case of Oil and Gas Partnerships and Long-term Contracts
Creators: name: Ozawa, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: oil
trade
cooperation
Europe
Russia
United Kingdom
networks
relations
long term contracts
European Union

description: This study argues that, in addition to political and economic factors, the level of trust between decision makers influenced outcomes in European-Russian energy cooperation. Drawing on selected cases of commercial partnerships and long-term contracts, it examines the impact of trust and the process by which it was developed or undermined between European and Russian partners. The findings are the following. Firstly, trust appeared to mitigate suspicion and encouraged cooperation between commercial and political actors. Secondly, when trust was present, conflicts of interest were more easily overcome while in its absence, a spiral of litigation and attempts at political coercion ensued. Thirdly, the development of trust was partially determined by history, collective memories and pre-existing political and economic conditions. At the same time, actors had the option to make decisions that could contribute to building trust or not. Fourthly, the analysis demonstrates a wide variation in levels of trust between West European companies and politicians toward Russia. And finally, it underscores the importance of interpersonal relations and energy companies as non-state actors. Because of the size and scope of these projects, the trust factor has implications not only on commercial ventures but also national economies, energy security and international relations.
description: Germany
title: Multi-Resolution Segmentation of Solar Photovoltaic Systems Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Kleebauer, Maximilian
name: Marz, Christopher
name: Reudenbach, Christoph
name: Braun, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: solar photovoltaic systems
subject: photovoltaic plants
subject: remote sensing
subject: machine learning
subject: deep learning
subject: object detection
subject: image segmentation
subject: 600
subject: Fotovoltaik
subject: Deep learning
subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Bildsegmentierung
subject: Objekterkennung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
title: Letter: C. Harrison Mann, Jr. to Thruston B. Morton and Rupert Vance Hartke, October 10, 1967
Creators: name: Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Morton, Thruston B.
subject: Hartke, Rupert Vance
subject: Vietnam

description: Letter: typescript unsigned, 11" x 8.5" (27.9 cm x 21.6 cm)
description: Letter from C. Harrison Mann, Jr. to Thruston B. Morton, senator from Kentucky, and Rupert Vance Hartke, senator from Indiana, regarding Mann's opinion that they are not supporting the Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Collection 1.32
title: Global Access Fund 2024
Creators: name: DataCite
Publisher: name: DataCite
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04wxnsj81
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The Global Access Fund (GAF) was established to enable communities worldwide to make their research outputs discoverable. It provides financial support for both outreach activities and infrastructure development to enable organizations in regions and communities currently underrepresented in the global open science infrastructure landscape to benefit from DataCite infrastructure services.
Duality and cosmological compactification of superstrings with unbroken supersymmetry
Creators: name: Jassal, H. K.
name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Saxena, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological compactification of D=10, N=1 supergravity-super-Yang-Mills theory obtained from superstring theory is studied. The constraint of unbroken N=1 supersymmetry is imposed. A duality transformation is performed on the resulting consistency conditions. The original equations as well as the transformed equations are solved numerically to obtain new configurations with a nontrivial scale factor and a dynamical dilaton. It is shown that various classes of solutions are possible, which include cosmological solutions with no initial singularity.
description: Latex2e file, 24 pages including 10 figures as tex files
Institutional arrangements for the promotion of regional integration of electricity markets: International Experience
Creators: name: Oseni, M. O.
name: Pollitt, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: regional electricity markets

description: This paper focuses on the institutional arrangements for facilitating electricity regional cooperation. We begin by discussing the theory of international trade cooperation in electricity, with a view to discussing what preconditions might be important in facilitating wide area trading across national borders. We then discuss two sets of case studies. The first set of case studies focuses on three regional developing country power pools – the Southern African Power pool (SAPP), West African Power pool (WAPP) and the Central American Power Market (SIEPAC). The second set focuses on three regional power pools in more developed countries – PJM in the United States, the Single Electricity Market (SEM) in Ireland and the South East Europe market (ECSEE). These cases highlight both the potential and difficulty of having cross jurisdictional power pools. In the light of the theory and evidence we present, we draw key lessons in the areas of: preconditions for trading; necessary institutional arrangements; practicalities of timetabling; reasons to be hopeful about future prospects; and suggestions for future research.
Light-Induced Metastable State in Charge-Ordered YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$
Creators: name: Gretarsson, H.
name: Souliou, S. M.
name: Jeong, S.
name: Porras, J.
name: Loew, T.
name: Bluschke, M.
name: Minola, M.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Tacon, M. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report temporal changes in Raman-scattering spectra of detwinned YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ single crystals under exposure to red laser light polarized along the crystallographic $a$-axis. A recent publication by Bakr et al. (Phys. Rev. B 88 214517 (2013)) identified new Raman-active modes that appear upon cooling below $T \sim 200$ K, and attributed these modes to charge ordering phenomena observed in x-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on the same materials. Here we report that the intensities of these modes depend not only on temperature and oxygen content, but also on the cumulative photon dose absorbed by the YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ samples. The light-induced changes in the Raman spectra exhibit a stretched-exponential time dependence, with a characteristic time that increases strongly upon cooling. They also depend strongly on doping and are most pronounced for $x \sim 0.6$. In fully illuminated samples, the mode intensities exhibit a monotonic temperature dependence indicative of a second-order phase transition. The findings indicate a metastable state generated by light-induced rearrangement of the oxygen dopants. We hypothesize that the new Raman phonons are associated with a three-dimensional charge-ordered state induced by light illumination, analogous to a state that was recently observed by resonant x-ray scattering in oxygen-disordered YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ films.
description: 8 pages and 5 figures. Manuscript to be published in Physical Review B