Additional file 1 of Spontaneous formation of MXene-oxidized sono/chemo-dynamic sonosensitizer/nanocatalyst for antibacteria and bone-tissue regeneration
Creators: name: Yu, Yang
name: Sun, Houyi
name: Lu, Qunshan
name: Sun, Junyuan
name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Zeng, Linran
name: Vasilev, Krasimir
name: Zhao, Yunpeng
name: Chen, Yu
name: Liu, Peilai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Digital photographs of Ti3AlC2, Ti3C2 MXene, CaO2-PVP and CaO2-TiOx@Ti3C2 (C-T@Ti3C2). Fig. S2. SEM image of multilayered Ti3C2 MXene. Fig. S3. TEM, dark-field STEM images and corresponding element mappings (for Ti, C, Ca and O) of C-T@Ti3C2 nanosheets. Fig. S4. DLS analysis of CaO2-PVP in water. Fig. S5. DLS analysis for Ti3C2 MXene in water and saline. Fig. S6. UV‒vis absorption spectra of time-dependent DPBF degradation under US treatment. Fig. S7. Digital photos of spread plates containing E. coli, S. aureus, and MRSA with various treatments. Fig. S8. Fluorescence microscopy images of MRSA stained with DCFH-DA after various treatments for ROS detection (I: Control group, II: US only group, III: Ti3C2 MXene group, IV: Ti3C2 MXene + US group, V: C-T@Ti3C2 group, VI: C-T@Ti3C2 + US group). Fig. S9. Haematological index of C57BL/6JNifdc mice intravenously administered C-T@Ti3C2 nanosheets dispersion for 14 d (n = 3). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Routine blood parameters included red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), haemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean platelet volume (MPV), number of neutrophils (GRAN), red cell distribution width (RDW), number of lymphocytes (LYMPH), haematocrit (HCT) and platelets (PLT). Biochemistry parameters included alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA). Fig. S10. Histological assessments of the major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of C57BL/6JNifdc mice after intravenous injections with C-T@Ti3C2 nanonetworks for 14 d. Fig. S11. Histological assessments of the major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of C57BL/6JNifdc mice after different treatments in the MRSA-infected wound model. Fig. S12. Micro-CT images of femurs in different groups after 2 weeks of treatment. Fig. S13. Corresponding quantitative analysis showing BV/TV, Tb. Th and Tb.N. (n = 3) in different groups after surgery for 2 weeks. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistical significance was calculated with a two-tailed t test, *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001. Fig. S14. Histological assessments (H&amp;E staining, iNOS and TGF-β immunohistochemical staining) of bone tissue in different groups after 2 weeks of treatment. Fig. S15. Histological assessments (Masson staining, collagen I and OCN immunohistochemical staining) of the bone tissue in different groups after 2 weeks of treatment. Fig. S16. Histological assessments of the major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of SD rats from the bone defect model with MRSA infection at 2 weeks. Fig. S17. Histological assessments of the major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of SD rats from the bone defect model with MRSA infection at 4 weeks.