cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Policies for a more Dematerialized EU Economy. Theoretical Underpinnings, Political Context and Expected Feasibility
Creators: name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Śniegocki, Aleksander
name: Zotti, Jacopo
name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Śniegocki, Aleksander
name: Zotti, Jacopo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Dematerialization
subject: Absolute Decoupling
subject: Resource Efficiency
subject: Policy Mixes
subject: Qualitative Assessment

description: Economic activities affect the environment through a multiplicity of channels. Besides generating GHG emissions that induce climatic changes, every modern economy is connected to the environment throughout a continuous flow of materials. To generate economic wealth, a modern economy demands natural resources, and produces a continuous flow of waste. The scarcity of natural resources and the negative externalities arising along the life cycle of the resources from the extraction of the resources to their transformation, the use of the final products and eventually the final disposal of the latter seem natural motivations for the current policy push towards a more dematerialized and a more circular economy. The EU in particular appears to be approaching a new frontier of the environmental policy. The main contribution of this paper is a qualitative assessment of this strategy. To this aim, we first investigate the theoretical and political rationale for the EU to foster dematerialization, and on this basis, we provide an economic assessment of the effective feasibility of the initiative. From a theoretical economics point of view, the paper provides an overview of the main externalities arising from materials’ extraction, use and disposal. In a policy perspective, the paper reviews the state of affairs of the major world countries (USA, Japan and China in particular) on this issue, and contextualizes the EU action in a global perspective. This paper investigates whether in this policy field the EU can globally play a decisive role by itself or its role may be limited to providing a good example for other countries to follow, as in the case of the reduction of GHG emissions. In the second part of the paper we discuss some of the most promising policies put forward by the DYNAMIX project. On the basis of the qualitative policy assessment performed in DYNAMIX, we illustrate why these measures might be worth serious consideration. A discussion regarding the political economy of the policies under scrutiny complements the analysis of their effectiveness and efficiency.
Fragmented Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3
Creators: name: Graykowski, Ariel
name: Jewitt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 has been observed to fragment on several occasions, yet the cause of its fragmentation remains poorly understood. We use previously unpublished archival Hubble Space Telescope data taken in 2006 to study the properties of the primary fragment, 73P-C, in order to constrain the potential fragmentation mechanisms. Currently the literature presents a wide range of measured rotational periods, some of which suggest that the nucleus might have split due to rotational instability. However, we find the most likely value of the rotation period to be 10.38 $\pm$ 0.04 hours (20.76 $\pm$ 0.08 hours if double-peaked), much longer than the critical period for rotational instability for any reasonable nucleus density and shape, even in the absence of tensile strength. We also find strong, cyclic photometric variations of about 0.31 $\pm$ 0.01 magnitudes in the central light from this object, while similar variations with a smaller range are apparent in the surrounding dust coma. These observations are compatible with rotational modulation of the mass loss rate and with dust having a mean outflow speed of $107 \pm 9$ m s$^{-1}$. Finally, we also estimate the radius of the nucleus to be 0.4 $\pm$ 0.1 km accounting for dust contamination and assuming a geometric albedo of 0.04.
description: 29 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures
Multiple algebraisations of an elliptic Calogero-Sutherland model
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Hartmann, Betti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Gomez-Ullate et al. (1) have studied a particular N-particle quantum problem with an elliptic function potential supplemented by an external field. They have shown that the Hamiltonian operator preserves a finite dimensional space of functions and as such is quasi exactly solvable (QES). In this paper we show that other types of invariant function spaces exist, which are in close relation to the algebraic properties of the elliptic functions. Accordingly, series of new algebraic eigenfunctions can be constructed.
description: 9 Revtex pages, 3 PS-figures; Summary, abstract and conclusions extended
A cationic cyclodextrin derivative-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for gene delivery effectively promotes stability and transfection efficiency
Creators: name: Wang, Zhongjuan
name: Xu, Shaobin
name: Xia, Hongying
name: Liu, Yanqiu
name: Li, Bin
name: Liang, Yueqin
name: Li, Zhongkun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Genetic medicines hold great promise for treatment of a number of diseases; however, the development of effective gene delivery carrier is still a challenge. The commonly used gene carrier liposomes and cationic polymers have limited their clinical application due to their respective disadvantages. Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LHNPs) are novel drug delivery system that exhibit complementary characteristics of both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. In this account, we developed the α-cyclodextrin-conjugated generation-2 polyamidoamine dendrimers–lipids hybrid nanoparticles (CDG2-LHNPs) for gene delivery. The pDNA/CDG2-LHNPs was stable during 15 days of storage period both at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C, whereas the particle size of pDNA/CDG2 and pDNA/liposomes dramatically increased after storage at 4 °C for 8 h. CDG2-LHNPs showed significantly superior transfection efficiencies compared to either CDG2 or liposomes. The mechanism of high transfection efficiency of pDNA/CDG2-LHNPs was further explored using pharmacological inhibitors chlorpromazine, filipin, and cytochalasion D. The result demonstrated that cell uptake of pDNA/CDG2-LHNPs was mediated by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CvME), and macropinocytosis together. pDNA/CDG2-LHNPs were more likely be taken up by cells through CvME, which avoided lysosomal degradation to a large extent. Moreover, the liposome component of pDNA/CDG2-LHNPs increased its cell uptake efficiency, and the CDG2 polymer component increased its proton buffer capacity, so the hybrid nanoparticles taken up by CME could also successfully escape from the lysosome. CDG2-LHNPs with stability and high-transfection efficiency overcome the shortcomings of liposomes and polymers applied separately, and have great potential for gene drug delivery.
Welfare-environmental quality tradeoffs of promoting use of certified seed potato in tropical highlands of Africa: Evidence from central highlands of Kenya
Creators: name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Zhou, Yuan
name: Kwikiriza, Norman
name: Ogutu, Sylvester
name: Barker, Ian
name: Schulte-Geldermann, Elmar
name: Ahmed, Justin
name: Atieno, Elly
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Zhou, Yuan
name: Kwikiriza, Norman
name: Ogutu, Sylvester
name: Barker, Ian
name: Schulte-Geldermann, Elmar
name: Ahmed, Justin
name: Atieno, Elly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Smallholder farmers
subject: certified seed potato
subject: use and effect
subject: propensity score matching
subject: Kenya

description: This paper used the propensity score method to assess the effect of using certified seed potato (CSP) on yield, input use, and food security among smallholder farmers. It focused on potato growers in central highlands of Kenya. The study found positive effect using certified seed on both yield and food security. But at the same time users of CSP applied significantly higher amounts of pesticides. This study therefore concludes that while using CSP has positive welfare effects, it can increase the use of inputs, some of which have environmentally degrading effects. It discusses the policy implications of the findings
Central Role of Dendritic Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Human and Mice
Creators: name: Van Uden, Denise
name: Koudstaal, Thomas
name: Van Hulst, Jennifer A. C.
name: Bergen, Ingrid M.
name: Gootjes, Chelsea
name: Morrell, Nicholas W.
name: Van Loo, Geert
name: Von Der Thüsen, Jan H.
name: Van Den Bosch, Thierry P. P.
name: Ghigna, Maria-Rosa
name: Perros, Frédéric
name: Montani, David
name: Kool, Mirjam
name: Boomars, Karin A.
name: Hendriks, Rudi W.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: pulmonary arterial hypertension
dendritic cells
inflammation
Tnfaip3
BMPR2
Toll-like receptor

description: The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is not fully understood, but evidence is accumulating that immune dysfunction plays a significant role. We previously reported that 31-week-old Tnfaip3DNGR1-KO mice develop pulmonary hypertension (PH) symptoms. These mice harbor a targeted deletion of the TNFα-induced protein-3 (Tnfaip3) gene, encoding the NF-κB regulatory protein A20, specifically in type I conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s). Here, we studied the involvement of dendritic cells (DCs) in PH in more detail. We found various immune cells, including DCs, in the hearts of Tnfaip3DNGR1-KO mice, particularly in the right ventricle (RV). Secondly, in young Tnfaip3DNGR1-KO mice, innate immune activation through airway exposure to toll-like receptor ligands essentially did not result in elevated RV pressures, although we did observe significant RV hypertrophy. Thirdly, PH symptoms in Tnfaip3DNGR1-KO mice were not enhanced by concomitant mutation of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (Bmpr2), which is the most affected gene in PAH patients. Finally, in human IPAH lung tissue we found co-localization of DCs and CD8+ T cells, representing the main cell type activated by cDC1s. Taken together, these findings support a unique role of cDC1s in PAH pathogenesis, independent of general immune activation or a mutation in the Bmpr2 gene.
title: Additive Manufacturing of 3D Luminescent ZrO2:Eu3+ Architectures
Creators: name: Winczewski, Jędrzej Piotr
name: Herrera, Manuel
name: Cabriel, Clément
name: Izeddin, Ignacio
name: Gabel, Stefan
name: Merle, Benoit
name: Susarrey Arce, Arturo
name: Gardeniers, Han J. G. E.
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: additive manufacturing
subject: europium
subject: luminescence
subject: two-photon lithography
subject: zirconia
classificationCode: 600
subject: 600
classificationCode: 660
subject: 660
classificationCode: Rapid Prototyping
subject: Rapid Prototyping
classificationCode: Europium
subject: Europium
classificationCode: Lumineszenz
subject: Lumineszenz
classificationCode: Lithografie
subject: Lithografie
classificationCode: Zirkoniumdioxid
subject: Zirkoniumdioxid

description:
Implementation of more refined structures at the nano to microscale is expected to advance applications in optics and photonics. This work presents the additive manufacturing of 3D luminescent microarchitectures emitting light in the visible range. A tailor-made organo-metallic resin suitable for two-photon lithography is developed, which upon thermal treatment in an oxygen-rich atmosphere allows the creation of silicon-free tetragonal (t-) and monoclinic (m-) ZrO₂. The approach is unique because the tailor-made Zr-resin is different from what is achieved in other reported approaches based on sol−gel resins. The Zr-resin is compatible with the Eu-rich dopant, a luminescent activator, which enables to tune the optical properties of the ZrO₂ structures upon annealing. The emission characteristics of the Eu-doped ZrO₂ microstructures are investigated in detail with cathodoluminescence and compared with the intrinsic optical properties of the ZrO₂. The hosted Eu has an orange−red emission showcased using fluorescence microscopy. The presented structuring technology provides a new platform for the future development of 3D luminescent devices.
Palaechthus glabratus C. O. Waterhouse 1884
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Palaechthus
Palaechthus glabratus

description: Palaechthus glabratus C. O. Waterhouse, 1884
 Palaechthus glabratus C. O. Waterhouse, 1884: 278 (type locality: Tristan da Cunha-Gough islands: Nightingale; type material: S: 3 BMNH).
 Distribution. Tristan da Cunha-Gough islands (Brinck, 1948).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Pérez-Sánchez, Carlos
name: Barbarroja, Nuria
name: Pantaleão, Lucas C.
name: López-Sánchez, Laura M.
name: Ozanne, Susan E.
name: Jurado-Gámez, Bernabé
name: Aranda, Enrique
name: Lopez-Pedrera, Chary
name: Rodríguez-Ariza, Antonio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: exhaled breath condensate
microRNA
lung cancer
biomarkers
personalized medicine

description: This study represents a novel proof of concept of the clinical utility of miRNAs from exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as biomarkers of lung cancer (LC). Genome-wide miRNA profiling and machine learning analysis were performed on EBC from 21 healthy volunteers and 21 LC patients. The levels of 12 miRNAs were significantly altered in EBC from LC patients where a specific signature of miR-4507, miR-6777-5p and miR-451a distinguished these patients with high accuracy. Besides, a distinctive miRNA profile between LC adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was observed, where a combined panel of miR-4529-3p, miR-8075 and miR-7704 enabling discrimination between them. EBC levels of miR-6777-5p, 6780a-5p and miR-877-5p predicted clinical outcome at 500 days. Two additional miRNA signatures were also associated with other clinical features such as stage and invasion status. Dysregulated EBC miRNAs showed potential target genes related to LC pathogenesis, including CDKN2B, PTEN, TP53, BCL2, KRAS and EGFR. We conclude that EBC miRNAs might allow the identification, stratification and monitorization of LC, which could lead to the development of precision medicine in this and other respiratory diseases.
Theoretical Uncertainties in the Subgiant--Mass Age Relation and the Absolute Age of Omega Cen
Creators: name: Chaboyer, Brian
name: Krauss, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical uncertainties in the calibration of the relationship between the subgiant mass and age in metal-poor stars are investigated using a Monte Carlo approach. Assuming that the mass and iron abundance of a subgiant star are known exactly, uncertainties in the input physics used to construct stellar evolution models and isochrones lead to a Gaussian 1-sigma uncertainty of +/-2.9% in the derived ages. The theoretical error budget is dominated by the uncertainties in the calculated opacities. Observations of detached double lined eclipsing binary OGLEGC-17 in the globular cluster Omega Cen have found that the primary is on the subgiant branch with a mass of M = 0.809+/-0.012 M_sun and [Fe/H]= -2.29+/-0.15 (Kaluzny et al. 2001). Combining the theoretical uncertainties with the observational errors leads to an age for OGLEGC-17 of 11.10+/-0.67 Gyr. The one-sided, 95% lower limit to the age of OGLEGC-17 is 10.06 Gyr, while the one-sided, 95% upper limit is 12.27 Gyr.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in ApJL
Lysozyme Fibrils Alter the Mechanism of Insulin Amyloid Aggregation
Creators: name: Ziaunys, Mantas
name: Sakalauskas, Andrius
name: Sneideris, Tomas
name: Smirnovas, Vytautas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: insulin fibrils
lysozyme fibrils
amyloid aggregation
aggregation mechanism

description: Protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils is linked to multiple disorders. The understanding of how natively non-harmful proteins convert to these highly cytotoxic amyloid aggregates is still not sufficient, with new ideas and hypotheses being presented each year. Recently it has been shown that more than one type of protein aggregates may co-exist in the affected tissue of patients suffering from amyloid-related disorders, sparking the idea that amyloid aggregates formed by one protein may induce another protein’s fibrillization. In this work, we examine the effect that lysozyme fibrils have on insulin amyloid aggregation. We show that not only do lysozyme fibrils affect insulin nucleation, but they also alter the mechanism of its aggregation.
Magic intensity trapping of the Mg lattice clock with light shift suppressed below $10^{-19}$
Creators: name: Wu, Fang-Fei
name: Tang, Yong-Bo
name: Shi, Ting-Yun
name: Tang, Li-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in atomic optical clocks with total uncertainty of $10^{-18}$ or below requires a precise estimation of multipolar and higher-order effects due to atom-field interactions. Magnesium is an attractive candidate for optical lattice clocks because it is insensitive to blackbody radiation and has a large quality factor. We employ a combined method of the Dirac-Fock plus core polarization and the relativistic configuration interaction to calculate the dynamic multipolar polarizabilities and the hyperpolarizabilities of the atomic Mg clock. The lattice light shift against variation of the laser detuning and trap depth is also investigated. We find that there exists a distinctive operational magic lattice intensity of $5.33(2)E_R$ ($E_R$ is the lattice photon recoil energy) that reduces the total light shift below $1\times 10^{-19}$ over 14\% of the trap depth variation, which will pave the way for the development of a new time-frequency standard of the Mg lattice clock.
description: 6 pages, 1 figures
Noncommutative Quantization in 2D Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Hatzinikitas, Agapitos
name: Smyrnakis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest possible noncommutative harmonic oscillator in two dimensions is used to quantize the free closed bosonic string in two flat dimensions. The partition function is not deformed by the introduction of noncommutativity, if we rescale the time and change the compactification radius appropriately. The four point function is deformed, preserving, nevertheless, the sl(2,C) invariance. Finally the first Ward identity of the deformed theory is derived.
description: 5 pages, The solitonic contribution to the partition function has been computed. The parameter $\theta$ has been analytically continued to $-i\theta$
title: Ananas:
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Pineapple

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
Chiral fermions on the lattice
Creators: name: Jahn, Oliver
name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss topological obstructions to putting chiral fermions on an even dimensional lattice. The setting includes Ginsparg-Wilson fermions, but is more general. We prove a theorem which relates the total chirality to the difference of generalised winding numbers of chiral projection operators. For an odd number of Weyl fermions this implies that particles and anti-particles live in topologically different spaces.
description: 16 pages, latex, no figures
The GALANTE Photometric System
Creators: name: Lorenzo-Gutiérrez, A.
name: Alfaro, E. J.
name: Apellániz, J. Maíz
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Marín-Franch, A.
name: Ederoclite, A.
name: Cristóbal-Hornillos, D.
name: Varela, J.
name: Ramió, H. Vázquez
name: Cenarro, J.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: García-Lario, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the characterization of the GALANTE photometric system, a seven intermediate- and narrow-band filter system with a wavelength coverage from 3000 $Å$ to 9000 $Å$ . We describe the photometric system presenting the full sensitivity curve as a product of the filter sensitivity, CCD, telescope mirror, and atmospheric transmission curves, as well as some first- and second-order moments of this sensitivity function. The GALANTE photometric system is composed of four filters from the J-PLUS photometric system, a twelve broad-to-narrow filter system, and three exclusive filters, specifically designed to measure the physical parameters of stars such as effective temperature $T_{\rm eff}$, $\log(g)$, metallicity, colour excess $E(4405-5495)$, and extinction type $R_{5495}$. Two libraries, the Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL) and the one presented in Maíz Apellániz & Weiler (2018), have been used to determine the transformation equations between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ($\textit{SDSS}$) $\textit{ugriz}$ photometry and the GALANTE photometric system. We will use this transformation to calibrate the zero points of GALANTE images. To this end, a preliminary photometric calibration of GALANTE has been made based on two different $\textit{griz}$ libraries ($\textit{SDSS}$ DR12 and ATLAS All-Sky Stellar Reference Catalog, hereinafter $\textit{RefCat2}$). A comparison between both zero points is performed leading us to the choice of $\textit{RefCat2}$ as the base catalogue for this calibration, and applied to a field in the Cyg OB2 association.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Are galaxies shy ?
Creators: name: Elbaz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until 1996, there was little evidence that most galaxies were ``shy'', i.e. that they would hide their stars behind a veil of dust and turn red when forming stars, radiating the bulk of their luminosity in the infrared (IR) at a given epoch of their history. Ten years before, IRAS had unveiled a population of luminous IR galaxies exhibiting such a ``shy'' behavior, the so-called LIGs and ULIGs (with 12 < log(L[IR]/Lsol < 11 and L[IR]/Lsol > 12 respectively), which are responsible for the shape of the bolometric luminosity function of local galaxies above ~ 10^11 Lsol. But integrated over the whole local luminosity function, LIGs and ULIGs only produce ~ 2 % of the total integrated luminosity and overall only ~ 30 % of the bolometric luminosity of local galaxies is radiated in the IR above ~ 5 microns. The discovery of an extragalactic background in the IR at least as large as the UV-optical-near IR one, the so-called cosmic infrared background (CIRB), with the COBE satellite implied that shyness must have been more common among galaxies in the past than it is today. New results from the Infrared Space Observatory suggest that the bulk of present-day stars formed at a time when their host galaxies experienced such a phase of shyness 5 to 10 Gyr ago, i.e. between z= 0.5 and 2. The shyness of galaxies appears to be induced by galaxy encounters.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, in "The Evolution of Galaxies.II. Basic Building Blocks", M. Sauvage, G. Stasinska, L. Vigroux, D. Schaerer, S. Madden, eds
title: The role and regulation of extracellular vesicles released by B cells in response to CD24
Creators: name: Phan, Hong Dien
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-encapsulated nanosized particles that carry bioactive cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. EVs are secreted by most living cells, including B lymphocytes (B cells). B cells are antibody-producing immune cells that develop in the bone marrow, where different cell surface receptors regulate their maturation. One of the earliest surface proteins expressed in developing B cells is called CD24, a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein localized to lipid rafts on the cell plasma membrane. Past research in the Christian lab showed that engagement of CD24 on the immature murine WEHI-231 B lymphoma cell line could cause the release of bioactive EVs. Following in the footsteps of the first discovery, this work employed a model system where donor cells expressing palmitoylated GFP (WEHI-231-GFP) were co-cultured, after stimulation, with recipient cells lacking either IgM (WEHI-303 murine B cells) or CD24 (CD24 knock-out mouse bone marrow B cells). The study found that EVs traffic lipid and membrane proteins between B cells in response to stimulation of either CD24 or IgM on the donor cells. Importantly, this study found that EV-mediated transfer of CD24 or BCR may affect B cell development by inducing apoptosis in recipient bystander cells. The following study aimed to determine how CD24 regulates the release of EVs. Bioinformatic analysis showed that CD24 expression is linked to the PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways. Using chemical and genetic inhibition, I found that an aSMase/PI3K/mTORC2/ROCK/actin pathway regulates EV release. Lastly, through live cell imaging, the study confirmed that ROCK is required for inducing the membrane dynamics required for EV release, presumably by regulating tethering of the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. The information obtained from this study and other research indicate that EVs induced by CD24 stimulation are ectosomes that budded off from the plasma membrane rather than exosomes that originated from multivesicular bodies. Significantly, these data have uncovered a novel pathway regulating ectosome release that has not been reported in any cell types. This research topic provides a window into the diverse function of CD24 as well as increasing our knowledge of how CD24 regulates EV release in cell-to-cell communication.
Data-Efficient Neural Network for Track Profile Modelling in Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: Ikeuchi, Daiki
name: Vargas-Uscategui, Alejandro
name: Wu, Xiaofeng
name: King, Peter C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: cold spray
neural network
additive manufacturing
data-efficient
model
profile
geometry
spray angle
limited data
machine learning

description: Cold spray is emerging as an additive manufacturing technique, particularly advantageous when high production rate and large build sizes are in demand. To further accelerate technology’s industrial maturity, the problem of geometric control must be improved, and a neural network model has emerged to predict additively manufactured geometry. However, limited data on the effect of deposition conditions on geometry growth is often problematic. Therefore, this study presents data-efficient neural network modelling of a single-track profile in cold spray additive manufacturing. Two modelling techniques harnessing prior knowledge or existing model were proposed, and both were found to be effective in achieving the data-efficient development of a neural network model. We also showed that the proposed data-efficient neural network model provided better predictive performance than the previously proposed Gaussian function model and purely data-driven neural network. The results indicate that a neural network model can outperform a widely used mathematical model with data-efficient modelling techniques and be better suited to improving geometric control in cold spray additive manufacturing.
Scattering of Noncommutative (n,1) Solitons
Creators: name: Araki, Takeo
name: Ito, Katsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scattering of noncommutative solitons in 2+1 dimensional scalar field theory. In particular, we investigate a system of two solitons with level n and n' (the (n,n')-system) in the large noncommutativity limit. We show that the scattering of a general (n,n')-system occurs at right angles in the case of zero impact parameter. We also derive an exact Kahler potential and the metric of the moduli space of the (n,1)-system. We examine numerically the (n,1) scattering and find that the closest distance for a fixed scattering angle is well approximated by a function a+b*sqrt{n} where a and b are some numerical constants.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; a footnote added
Axonal Organelles as Molecular Platforms for Axon Growth and Regeneration after Injury
Creators: name: Petrova, Veselina
name: Nieuwenhuis, Bart
name: Fawcett, James W.
name: Eva, Richard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: axon growth
axon regeneration
inter-organelle membrane contact sites
organelles

description: Investigating the molecular mechanisms governing developmental axon growth has been a useful approach for identifying new strategies for boosting axon regeneration after injury, with the goal of treating debilitating conditions such as spinal cord injury and vision loss. The picture emerging is that various axonal organelles are important centers for organizing the molecular mechanisms and machinery required for growth cone development and axon extension, and these have recently been targeted to stimulate robust regeneration in the injured adult central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes recent literature highlighting a central role for organelles such as recycling endosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes, autophagosomes and the proteasome in developmental axon growth, and describes how these organelles can be targeted to promote axon regeneration after injury to the adult CNS. This review also examines the connections between these organelles in developing and regenerating axons, and finally discusses the molecular mechanisms within the axon that are required for successful axon growth.
Determinants of physical activities in settings (DE-PASS): Approach for selecting the core measures for determinants of physical activity behaviours in 9-12 old children
Creators: name: Palmeira, A.L.
name: Jelsma, J.G.M.
name: Sousa-Sá, E
name: Pereira, S.
name: Videira-Silva, A.
name: Condello, G
name: MacDonncha, Ciaran
name: Ribeiro, J.C.
name: Gebremariam, M.K.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: In large transdisciplinary research teams finding the balance between using the most appropriate and needed measures for data collection and minimising participant burden is often a significant challenge. This paper aims to describe the development process for selecting a set of determinants of physical activity behaviours in 9–12 years old children. An internal small group (n = 8) worked iteratively with an external large group of experts and stakeholders (n = 30-50) in three steps: 1) External input – Identification through expert opinion; 2) Internal input – Identification and selection via a systematized approach; 3) External validation of the selected measures. During these steps, 113 measures were first identified, then scored, sorted, and selected using evidence-building practices such as systematic literature reviews, peer-review, and consensus discussions. Eighteen measures were agreed and included in the core measures toolkit (child and caregiver questionnaires). In conclusion, pragmatism, implemen?tation concerns, and the experts’ experience were key in this process. This process may be considered as a reference to others involved in the challenge of selecting measures in their research.
Comment on "Feynman Effective Classical Potential in the Schrodinger Formulation"
Creators: name: Andronico, G.
name: Branchina, V.
name: Zappala', D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the paper "Feynman Effective Classical Potential in the Schrodinger Formulation"[Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3303 (1998)]. We show that the results in this paper about the time evolution of a wave packet in a double well potential can be properly explained by resorting to a variational principle for the effective action. A way to improve on these results is also discussed.
description: 1 page, 2eps figures, Revtex
Whole-Genome Sequencing of Retinoblastoma Reveals the Diversity of Rearrangements Disrupting RB1 and Uncovers a Treatment-Related Mutational Signature
Creators: name: Davies, Helen R.
name: Broad, Kevin D.
name: Onadim, Zerrin
name: Price, Elizabeth A.
name: Zou, Xueqing
name: Sheriff, Ibrahim
name: Karaa, Esin Kotiloğlu
name: Scheimberg, Irene
name: Reddy, M. Ashwin
name: Sagoo, Mandeep S.
name: Ohnuma, Shin-Ichi
name: Nik-Zainal, Serena
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: retinoblastoma
whole-genome sequencing
structural rearrangement
mutational signature

description: The development of retinoblastoma is thought to require pathological genetic changes in both alleles of the RB1 gene. However, cases exist where RB1 mutations are undetectable, suggesting alternative pathways to malignancy. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptomics to investigate the landscape of sporadic retinoblastomas derived from twenty patients, sought RB1 and other driver mutations and investigated mutational signatures. At least one RB1 mutation was identified in all retinoblastomas, including new mutations in addition to those previously identified by clinical screening. Ten tumours carried structural rearrangements involving RB1 ranging from relatively simple to extremely complex rearrangement patterns, including a chromothripsis-like pattern in one tumour. Bilateral tumours obtained from one patient harboured conserved germline but divergent somatic RB1 mutations, indicating independent evolution. Mutational signature analysis showed predominance of signatures associated with cell division, an absence of ultraviolet-related DNA damage and a profound platinum-related mutational signature in a chemotherapy-exposed tumour. Most RB1 mutations are identifiable by clinical screening. However, the increased resolution and ability to detect otherwise elusive rearrangements by WGS have important repercussions on clinical management and advice on recurrence risks.
Valency and Binding Affinity Variations Can Regulate the Multilayered Organization of Protein Condensates with Many Components
Creators: name: Sanchez-Burgos, Ignacio
name: Espinosa, Jorge R.
name: Joseph, Jerelle A.
name: Collepardo-Guevara, Rosana
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: protein liquid–liquid phase separation
multicomponent condensates
minimal protein model
multilayered condensates
multiphase condensates

description: Biomolecular condensates, which assemble via the process of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), are multicomponent compartments found ubiquitously inside cells. Experiments and simulations have shown that biomolecular condensates with many components can exhibit multilayered organizations. Using a minimal coarse-grained model for interacting multivalent proteins, we investigate the thermodynamic parameters governing the formation of multilayered condensates through changes in protein valency and binding affinity. We focus on multicomponent condensates formed by scaffold proteins (high-valency proteins that can phase separate on their own via homotypic interactions) and clients (proteins recruited to condensates via heterotypic scaffold–client interactions). We demonstrate that higher valency species are sequestered to the center of the multicomponent condensates, while lower valency proteins cluster towards the condensate interface. Such multilayered condensate architecture maximizes the density of LLPS-stabilizing molecular interactions, while simultaneously reducing the surface tension of the condensates. In addition, multilayered condensates exhibit rapid exchanges of low valency proteins in and out, while keeping higher valency proteins—the key biomolecules involved in condensate nucleation—mostly within. We also demonstrate how modulating the binding affinities among the different proteins in a multicomponent condensate can significantly transform its multilayered structure, and even trigger fission of a condensate into multiple droplets with different compositions.
A Benchmark for Edge-Preserving Image Smoothing
Creators: name: Zhu, Feida
name: Liang, Zhetong
name: Jia, Xixi
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Yu, Yizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Edge-preserving image smoothing is an important step for many low-level vision problems. Though many algorithms have been proposed, there are several difficulties hindering its further development. First, most existing algorithms cannot perform well on a wide range of image contents using a single parameter setting. Second, the performance evaluation of edge-preserving image smoothing remains subjective, and there lacks a widely accepted datasets to objectively compare the different algorithms. To address these issues and further advance the state of the art, in this work we propose a benchmark for edge-preserving image smoothing. This benchmark includes an image dataset with groundtruth image smoothing results as well as baseline algorithms that can generate competitive edge-preserving smoothing results for a wide range of image contents. The established dataset contains 500 training and testing images with a number of representative visual object categories, while the baseline methods in our benchmark are built upon representative deep convolutional network architectures, on top of which we design novel loss functions well suited for edge-preserving image smoothing. The trained deep networks run faster than most state-of-the-art smoothing algorithms with leading smoothing results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The benchmark is publicly accessible via https://github.com/zhufeida/Benchmark_EPS.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Nestrius simmondsi Broun 1921
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Nestrius
Nestrius simmondsi

description: Nestrius simmondsi Broun, 1921
 Nestrius simmondsi Broun, 1921: 556 (type locality: New Zealand: Pakuratahi, near Wellington; type material: S: 4 BMNH).
 Distribution. New Zealand (Schenkling and Marshall, 1929).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
From Data Mining of Chitinophaga sp. Genome to Enzyme Discovery of a Hyperthermophilic Metallocarboxypeptidase
Creators: name: , Fernandes
name: , Sierra
name: Brear
name: Pereira
name: Lemos
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: metallocarboxypeptidase
M32 family of peptidases
Chitinophaga sp.

description: For several centuries, microorganisms and enzymes have been used for many different applications. Although many enzymes with industrial applications have already been reported, different screening technologies, methods and approaches are constantly being developed in order to allow the identification of enzymes with even more interesting applications. In our work, we have performed data mining on the Chitinophaga sp. genome, a gram-negative bacterium isolated from a bacterial consortium of sugarcane bagasse isolated from an ethanol plant. The analysis of 8 Mb allowed the identification of the chtcp gene, previously annotated as putative Cht4039. The corresponding codified enzyme, denominated as ChtCP, showed the HEXXH conserved motif of family M32 from thermostable carboxypeptidases. After expression in E. coli, the recombinant enzyme was characterized biochemically. ChtCP showed the highest activity versus benziloxicarbonil Ala-Trp at pH 7.5, suggesting a preference for hydrophobic substrates. Surprisingly, the highest activity of ChtCP observed was between 55 °C and 75 °C, and 62% activity was still displayed at 100 °C. We observed that Ca2+, Ba2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions had a positive effect on the activity of ChtCP, and an increase of 30 °C in the melting temperature was observed in the presence of Co2+. These features together with the structure of ChtCP at 1.2 Å highlight the relevance of ChtCP for further biotechnological applications.
The Global Burden of Meningitis in Children: Challenges with Interpreting Global Health Estimates
Creators: name: Wright, Claire
name: Blake, Natacha
name: Glennie, Linda
name: Smith, Vinny
name: Bender, Rose
name: Kyu, Hmwe
name: Wunrow, Han Yong
name: Liu, Li
name: Yeung, Diana
name: Knoll, Maria Deloria
name: Wahl, Brian
name: Stuart, James M.
name: Trotter, Caroline
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: meningitis
child mortality
neonatal sepsis
global health
global health estimates
modelling
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis

description: The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a global roadmap to defeat meningitis by 2030. To advocate for and track progress of the roadmap, the burden of meningitis as a syndrome and by pathogen must be accurately defined. Three major global health models estimating meningitis mortality as a syndrome and/or by causative pathogen were identified and compared for the baseline year 2015. Two models, (1) the WHO and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Maternal and Child Epidemiology Estimation (MCEE) group’s Child Mortality Estimation (WHO-MCEE) and (2) the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2017), identified meningitis, encephalitis and neonatal sepsis, collectively, to be the second and third largest infectious killers of children under five years, respectively. Global meningitis/encephalitis and neonatal sepsis mortality estimates differed more substantially between models than mortality estimates for selected infectious causes of death and all causes of death combined. Estimates at national level and by pathogen also differed markedly between models. Aligning modelled estimates with additional data sources, such as national or sentinel surveillance, could more accurately define the global burden of meningitis and help track progress against the WHO roadmap.
ISOCAM observations of Galactic Globular Clusters: mass loss along the Red Giant Branch
Creators: name: Origlia, Livia
name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: Pecci, Flavio Fusi
name: Rood, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep images in the 10 micron spectral region have been obtained for five massive Galactic globular clusters, NGC 104 (=47 Tuc), NGC 362, NGC 5139 (omega Cen), NGC 6388, NGC 7078 (=M15) and NGC 6715 (=M54) in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal using ISOCAM in 1997. A significant sample of bright giants have an ISOCAM counterpart but only < 20% of these have a strong mid-IR excess indicative of dusty circumstellar envelopes. From a combined physical and statistical analysis we derive mass loss rates and frequency. We find that i) significant mass loss occurs only at the very end of the Red Giant Branch evolutionary stage and is episodic, ii) the modulation timescales must be greater than a few decades and less than a million years, and iii) mass loss occurrence does not show a crucial dependence on the cluster metallicity.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
3421ectij02.pdf
Creators: name: Magura, Netty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Regional integration is considered a key driver and the way forward for the structural transformation of African economies. There is increasing commitment by states to Regional Integration and a heightened recognition that collaborative action and regional approaches are critical to achieving Africa’s development goals. One of the main drivers of Regional Integration is trade. Trade presents several economic, political, and social benefits. For trade to flourish there is a need for mutual understanding between parties involved. Language barriers can hinder trade, whilst language similarities boost trade due to the weight of communication costs.
Palaechtodes Brinck 1948
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Palaechtodes

description: Palaechtodes Brinck, 1948
 Palaechtodes Brinck, 1948: 50 (type species: Palaechthus cossonoides C. O. Waterhouse, 1884, by original designation).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257