cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring Axial Symmetry in Modified Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Bahamonde, Sebastian
name: Valcarcel, Jorge Gigante
name: Järv, Laur
name: Pfeifer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axially symmetric spacetimes play an important role in the relativistic description of rotating astrophysical objects like black holes, stars, etc. In gravitational theories that venture beyond the usual Riemannian geometry by allowing independent connection components, the notion of symmetry concerns, not just the metric, but also the connection. As discovered recently, in teleparallel geometries, axial symmetry can be realised in two branches, while only one of these has a continuous spherically symmetric limit. In the current paper, we consider a very generic $f(T,B,ϕ,X)$ family of teleparallel gravities, whose action depends on the torsion scalar $T$ and the boundary term $B$, as well as a scalar field $ϕ$ with its kinetic term $X$. As the field equations can be decomposed into symmetric and antisymmetric (spin connection) parts, we thoroughly analyse the antisymmetric equations and look for solutions of axial spacetimes which could be used as ansätze to tackle the symmetric part of the field equations. In particular, we find solutions corresponding to a generalisation of the Taub-NUT metric, and the slowly rotating Kerr spacetime. Since this work also concerns a wider issue of how to determine the spin connection in teleparallel gravity, we also show that the method of "turning off gravity" proposed in the literature, does not always produce a solution to the antisymmetric equations.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure. Matches published version in PRD
Elicitation of indefinite proforms
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio filea VP-180518-12a/c: indefinite proforms elicitation based on Haspelmath 1997 ("Indefinite Pronouns," Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press), starting with example #131.
Carrier Accumulation in Organic Heterojunctions Controlled by Polarization
Creators: name: Takahashi, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a heterojunction theory of ultrathin organic multi-layered devices, which is the revision of our previous work. Their characteristic feature is the generation of conductive space charge region in the insulating neutral dielectric region under the bias voltage application, while the insulating space charge region is generated in the conductive neutral region in the case of semiconductors. We propose the concept of quasiconductor to describe these features. From the theory, the capacitor equation of mobile carriers is given, which is an equivalent equation of the Mott-Schottky equation in semiconductor physics. Because the organics are dielectrics, the dynamics are controlled cleverly by polarization. The theory gives a relation among the applied voltage, carrier accumulation, mobility, and carrier density, which enables the in-situ simultaneous evaluation of mobility and the carrier density of ultrathin organic multi-layered devices. The concept of quiasiconductor is a missing link between organic electronics and the semiconductor physics.
Additional file 1 of Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults
Creators: name: Ma, Tianpei
name: Liao, Jiaqiang
name: Ye, Yuguo
name: Li, Jiayuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Analysing the implication of the EU 20-10-20 targets for world vegetable oil production
Creators: name: Gay, Stephan Hubertus
name: Mueller, Marc
name: Santuccio, Federica
name: Gay, Stephan Hubertus
name: Mueller, Marc
name: Santuccio, Federica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The European Commission proposes a minimum of 10 % biofuels in the total transport fuel use by 2020. The new 10% minimum target in 2020 is combined with the existing regulation, which fixes the target at 5.75% in 2010. This paper will in particular investigates how a full implementation of the 20- 10-20 targets would affect production and trade of oil plants in the EU and its main trade partners on this commodity markets, particularly Malaysia and Indonesia. The global general equilibrium model GLOBE is used to carry out the policy scenarios and to assess the effects on oil palm plantation area in Malaysia and Indonesia. The results show that the increased EU bio-diesel target will not significantly influence the expansion of palm oil production in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Gluon Dominance Model
Creators: name: Kokoulina, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new way to study the multiplicity production in high energy processes is proposed. It is based on the multiplicity distribution description by the schemes taking into account the formation of quark-gluon system and hadronization. This investigations revealed an active role of gluons and the universal mechanism of their hadronization.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. To appear in the proceedings of 35th Internacional Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 05), Kromeriz, Czech Republic, 9-15 Aug 2005
Conformal bootstrap bounds for the $U(1)$ Dirac spin liquid and $N=7$ Stiefel liquid
Creators: name: He, Yin-Chen
name: Rong, Junchen
name: Su, Ning
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: spin: liquid
bootstrap: conformal
monopole: operator
field theory: conformal
scaling: dimension
quantum electrodynamics
correlation function
triangulation
symmetry: U(1)

description: We apply the conformal bootstrap technique to study the $U(1)$ Dirac spin liquid (i.e. $N_f=4$ QED$_3$) and the newly proposed $N=7$ Stiefel liquid (i.e. a conjectured 3d non-Lagrangian CFT without supersymmetry). For the $N_f=4$ QED$_3$, we focus on the monopole operator and ($SU(4)$ adjoint) fermion bilinear operator. We bootstrap their single correlators as well as the mixed correlators between them. We first discuss the bootstrap kinks from single correlators. Some exponents of these bootstrap kinks are close to the expected values of QED$_3$, but we provide clear evidence that they should not be identified as the QED$_3$. We then provide rigorous numerical bounds for the Dirac spin liquid and the $N=7$ Stiefel liquid to be stable critical phases on the triangular and kagome lattice. For the triangular and kagome Dirac spin liquid, the rigorous lower bounds of the monopole operator's scaling dimension are $1.046$ and $1.105$, respectively. These bounds are consistent with the latest Monte Carlo results.
Anomalous thermopower oscillations in graphene-InAs nanowire vertical heterostructures
Creators: name: Mitra, Richa
name: Sahu, Manas Ranjan
name: Sood, Aditya
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Shtrikman, Hadas
name: Mukerjee, Subroto
name: Sood, A. K.
name: Das, Anindya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric measurements have the potential to uncover the density of states of low-dimensional materials. Here, we present the anomalous thermoelectric behaviour of mono-layer graphene-nanowire (NW) heterostructures, showing large oscillations as a function of doping concentration. Our devices consist of InAs NW and graphene vertical heterostructures, which are electrically isolated by thin ($\sim$ 10nm) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) layers. In contrast to conventional thermoelectric measurements, where a heater is placed on one side of a sample, we use the InAs NW (diameter $\sim 50$ nm) as a local heater placed in the middle of the graphene channel. We measure the thermoelectric voltage induced in graphene due to Joule heating in the NW as a function of temperature (1.5K - 50K) and carrier concentration. The thermoelectric voltage in bilayer graphene (BLG)- NW heterostructures shows sign change around the Dirac point, as predicted by Mott's formula. In contrast, the thermoelectric voltage measured across monolayer graphene (MLG)-NW heterostructures shows anomalous large-amplitude oscillations around the Dirac point, not seen in the Mott response derived from the electrical conductivity measured on the same device. The anomalous oscillations are a signature of the modified density of states in MLG by the electrostatic potential of the NW, which is much weaker in the NW-BLG devices. Thermal calculations of the heterostructure stack show that the temperature gradient is dominant in the graphene region underneath the NW, and thus sensitive to the modified density of states resulting in anomalous oscillations in the thermoelectric voltage. Furthermore, with the application of a magnetic field, we detect modifications in the density of states due to the formation of Landau levels in both MLG and BLG.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
Integrated participatory modelling of irrigated agriculture: the case study of the reorganisation of a water management system in Italy
Creators: name: Bazzani, Guido Maria
name: Bazzani, Guido Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water
subject: Agriculture
subject: Economic analysis
subject: Modelling and tools
subject: Participatory process

description: The paper presents an application of the new version of the 'Decision Support for Irrigated agriculture' DSIrr designed to integrate water and agricultural policy analysis and to support participatory decision process. The tool is a scenario manager for bio-economic farm models considering climatic, agronomic, hydraulic, socio-economic and environmental aspects. The paper offers some insight on the decomposition approach adopted to integrate economic analysis at different scales by illustrating a case study conducted in Italy to support an ex ante evaluation of a water management system reorganisation. Reduce water consumption is a strategic objective which pricing policy cannot address given technical constraints. The replacement of the existing low-efficiency irrigation system could be the solution, but the recover of cost creates an affordability problem. Results suggest that a dual network, integrating agricultural and rural urban sectors, represents a real challenge for the Irrigation Board since this option meets the environmental goal and pass the economic sustainability test.
A SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: THE TOPMARD CORE MODEL
Creators: name: Johnson, Thomas G.
name: Bryden, John Marshall
name: Refsgaard, Karen
name: Alva Lizarraga, Sara
name: Johnson, Thomas G.
name: Bryden, John Marshall
name: Refsgaard, Karen
name: Alva Lizarraga, Sara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Multifunctionality
subject: system dynamics
subject: policy
subject: model
subject: rural development

description: The goal of the TOPMARD project is to develop a model of agriculture and rural development to better understand the agronomic, ecological, economic and social dimensions of rural regions. The resulting model, (Policy Model of Multifunctional Agriculture and Rural Development) was built collaboratively and hierarchically by the research teams from the 11 countries. The model features eight subsectors (Land, Agriculture, Tourism, Region, Human Resources, Non-commodities, Capital, and Quality of Life). Imbedded in the model are a complete dynamic input-output model, and an agecohort education demographic model. The model has both supply-side and demand-side drivers. Land use is the key supply-side driver. Land use, coupled with production system choices, determine agricultural and non-commodity outputs. The Quality of Life sector incorporates the coefficients from a regression analysis of migration behaviour to develop a supply-side population response to local quality of life which is added to the demand-side response to job growth.
Metrological Detection of Multipartite Entanglement from Young Diagrams
Creators: name: Ren, Zhihong
name: Li, Weidong
name: Smerzi, Augusto
name: Gessner, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize metrologically useful multipartite entanglement by representing partitions with Young diagrams. We derive entanglement witnesses that are sensitive to the shape of Young diagrams and show that Dyson's rank acts as a resource for quantum metrology. Common quantifiers, such as the entanglement depth and $k$-separability are contained in this approach as the diagram's width and height. Our methods are experimentally accessible in a wide range of atomic systems, as we illustrate by analyzing published data on the quantum Fisher information and spin-squeezing coefficients.
description: 6 + 7 pages, 5 + 8 figures
Evidence for Primordial Clustering Around the QSO SDSS J1030+0524 at z=6.28
Creators: name: Stiavelli, M.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Pavlovsky, C.
name: Scarlata, C.
name: Stern, D.
name: Mahabal, A.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Meylan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present tentative evidence for primordial clustering, manifested as an excess of color-selected objects in the field of the QSO SDSS J1030+0524 at redshift z=6.28. We have selected objects red in i_{775}-z_{850} on the basis of Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging of a field centered on the QSO. Compared to data at comparable depth obtained by the GOODS survey, we find an excess of objects with (i_{775}-z_{850}) \geq 1.5 in the QSO field. The significance of the detection is estimated to be ~97% on the basis of the counts alone and increases to 99.4% if one takes into account the color distribution. If confirmed this would represent the highest redshift example of galaxy clustering and would have implications on models for the growth of structure. Bias-driven clustering of first luminous objects forming in the highest peaks of the primordial density field is expected in most models of early structure formation. The redshift of one of the candidates has been found to be z=5.970 by our spectroscopy with Keck I/LRIS, confirming the validity of our color selection.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; accepted by ApJL
Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions by means of Tradable Emissions Permits and the Implications for Irish Farmers
Creators: name: Breen, James P.
name: Breen, James P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Greenhouse Gas Emissions
subject: Farm-level Modeling
subject: Linear Programming
subject: Irish Agriculture

description: The increasing concern over climate change has led to a number of international agreements to control greenhouse gas emissions. Agriculture currently accounts for 28 percent of Ireland’s total greenhouse gas emission and therefore has a major role to play in Ireland achieving its emissions targets. To date research into reducing emissions from Irish agriculture has focused on devising abatement strategies at the farm level such as changes in animal feeding practices. Alternatively emissions could be controlled using market-based emissions abatement strategies such as emissions taxes or permit trading, which are in theory a least cost means of cutting emissions. This paper uses data from the Irish National Farm Survey to construct a farm-level Linear Programming model and to simulate a market for tradable emission permits. The impact on average gross margin of allowing farmers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by trading permits is compared with a scenario where emissions are unconstrained and a scenario where a command and control approach is adopted to reduce emissions.
Turbulent density and pressure fluctuations in the stratified intracluster medium
Creators: name: Mohapatra, Rajsekhar
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent gas motions are observed in the intracluster medium (ICM). The ICM is density-stratified, with the gas density being highest at the centre of the cluster and decreasing radially outwards. As a result of this, Kolmogorov (homogeneous, isotropic) turbulence theory does not apply to the ICM. The gas motions are instead explained by anisotropic stratified turbulence, with the stratification quantified by the perpendicular Froude number ($\mathrm{Fr}_\perp$). These turbulent motions are associated with density and pressure fluctuations, which manifest as perturbations in X-ray surface brightness maps of the ICM and as thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZ) fluctuations, respectively. In order to advance our understanding of the relations between these fluctuations and the turbulent gas velocities, we have conducted 100 high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations of stratified turbulence ($256^2\times 384$ -- $1024^2\times1536$ resolution elements), in which we scan the parameter space of subsonic rms Mach number ($\mathcal{M}$), $\mathrm{Fr}_\perp$, and the ratio of entropy and pressure scale heights ($R_{PS}=H_P/H_S$), relevant to the ICM. We develop a new scaling relation between the standard deviation of logarithmic density fluctuations ($σ_s$, where $s=\ln(ρ/\left)$), $\mathcal{M}$, and $\mathrm{Fr}_{\perp}$, valid till $\mathrm{Fr}_\perp\ll1$:~$σ_s^2=\ln\left(1+b^2\mathcal{M}^4+0.10/(\mathrm{Fr}_\perp+0.25/\sqrt{\mathrm{Fr}_\perp})^2\mathcal{M}^2R_{PS}\right)$, where $b\sim1/3$ for solenoidal turbulence driving studied here. We further find that logarithmic pressure fluctuations $σ_{(\ln{P}/\left)}$ are independent of stratification and scale according to the relation $σ_{(\ln{\bar{P}})}^2=\ln\left(1+b^2γ^2\mathcal{M}^4\right)$, where $\bar{P}=P/\left$ and $γ$ is the adiabatic index of the gas.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures; MNRAS accepted version; follow-up study of arXiv:2001.06494; simulation movies at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLuaNgQ1v_KMYHZryKHgstRQe80ZRakr35
Characterization of Prelaminar Wedge-Shaped Defects in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Creators: name: Chiou, Carolina A.
name: Wang, Mengyu
name: Taniguchi, Elise V.
name: Silva, Rafaella Nascimento E
name: Khoroshilov, Anna
name: Li, Dian
name: Wang, Haobing
name: Greenstein, Scott H.
name: Brauner, Stacey C.
name: Turalba, Angela V.
name: Pasquale, Louis R.
name: Shen, Lucy Q.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: To determine the clinical relevance of prelaminar wedge defects (PLWDs) detected by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In this retrospective case–control study, PLWDs were defined as triangular-shaped defects at the surface of the optic nerve prelaminar tissue, not adjacent to blood vessels, present on cross-sectional SS-OCT scans. Two observers masked to diagnosis independently reviewed scans to detect PLWDs and lamina cribrosa defects. History of disc hemorrhage, occurring within 2 years prior to imaging, was obtained from chart review. One eye per subject was randomly selected. Two-sided t-tests, analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to explore demographic and clinical features associated with PLWDs. 40 POAG and 23 control eyes were included. PLWDS were found in 27.5% of POAG (n = 11) and 4.3% of controls (n = 1, p = .04). Eyes with repeat SS-OCT imaging (7 POAG and 0 controls) had persistent PLWDs. More POAG eyes with PLWDs had a history of disc hemorrhage (45.5%) than POAG eyes without PLWDs (3.4%, p = .004). On multivariable analysis, compared to POAG without PLWDs, POAG with PLWDs had increased odds of observed disc hemorrhage (OR = 21.6, 95% CI, 2.2–589.0, p = .02) after adjusting for age, gender, visual field mean deviation and maximum intraocular pressure (IOP). POAG with PLWDs had more lamina cribrosa defects (45.5%) than POAG without PLWDs (3.4%, p = .01) but did not differ significantly from controls (8.7%, p = .07). Compared to all patients without PLWDs, patients with PLWDs had increased odds of having lamina cribrosa defects (OR = 44.8; 95% CI, 6.3–703.6, p < .001) after adjusting for age, gender, and maximum IOP. PLWDs were more frequently found in POAG than control eyes and were associated with a history of disc hemorrhage and lamina cribrosa defects. PLWDs may be a useful imaging biomarker of glaucomatous damage.
DEA APPLICATION TO EVALUATE THE TECHNICAL AND ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF WATER PRICING POLICIES
Creators: name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Prosperi, Maurizio
name: Zanni, G.
name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Prosperi, Maurizio
name: Zanni, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: efficiency
subject: water pricing
subject: water framework directive

description: With the enforcement of the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD), policy makers are required to pursue the improvement of the use efficiency of the water resources in the agricultural sector. For this purpose, we suggest a methodology to perform an ex-ante analysis of the efficiency of water pricing policies, based on a two stage DEA technique, by which it is possible to disaggregate the technical and the ecological efficiency of the policy. According to our results, we found that, coherently with the WFD principles, the direct pricing methods show the highest levels of efficiency. However, we have also found that some indirect pricing methods show relatively high levels of efficiency. Therefore, since the high cost for the management and implementation of water measurement devices required to apply the volumetric methods, indirect pricing methods might still be preferable.
Elicitation of modals
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-190518-01: elicitation of modals based on Josina Vander Klok's MPI questionnaire, starting with example #11 (n.d., "Modal Questionnaire for Cross-linguistic Use," Max Planck Institute, URL: https://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/tools-at-lingboard/pdf/Modal_Questionnaire_CrossLing_JVK.pdf).
Current driven magnetization dynamics in helical spin density waves
Creators: name: Wessely, Ola
name: Skubic, Bjorn
name: Nordstrom, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism is proposed for manipulating the magnetic state of a helical spin density wave using a current. In this paper, we show that a current through a bulk system with a helical spin density wave induces a spin transfer torque, giving rise to a rotation of the order parameter.The use of spin transfer torque to manipulate the magnetization in bulk systems does not suffer from the obstacles seen for magnetization reversal using interface spin transfer torque in multilayered systems. We demonstrate the effect by a quantitative calculation of the current induced magnetization dynamics of Erbium. Finally we propose a setup for experimental verification.
description: In the previous version of this paper was a small numerical mistake made when evaluating equation 3 and 9. The number of digits given in the calculation of the torque current tensor is reduced to better represent the accuracy of the calculation. A slightly modified paper have been published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 256601 (2006) 4 pages 3 figures
MARKET AND POLICY ISSUES IN MICRO-ECONOMETRIC DEMAND MODELING
Creators: name: Moro, Daniele
name: Moro, Daniele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Health Economics and Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Micro-econometric demand modelling has been receiving an increasing attention in empirical research, mainly due to the increasing availability of micro-data. In this paper we provide a review of some relevant market and policy issues that can be analysed with the use of micro-data on demand. Problems arising from the treatment of micro-data are revised, mainly with reference to the standard neo-classical framework, although other approaches are also sketched. Finally, building on previous research, a dynamic model accounting for health issues, mainly obesity, is proposed for future research.
Impact and competitiveness of EU biofuel market – First view of the prices of biofuel market in relation to the global players
Creators: name: Liu, Xing
name: Liu, Xing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: ethanol
subject: vegetable oils
subject: feedstock
subject: directives
subject: VECM
subject: Granger causality

description: The goal of this study is to investigate the price relationship of EU biofuel market with other main markets in both horizontal level and vertical level. We first carry out Granger causality between ethanol price of EU, USA and Brazil. Secondly, we use vecto error cointegration Mechnism (VECM) to test the relationship between three selected vegetable oil prices in EU to see the competive potential of EU rapeseed oil compared with imported crude palm oil and soybean oil as the feedstock of biodiesel. Evidence shows that there is a unidirectional Granger causation from both USA and Brazil to EU market. USA price of ethanol is the most influential among the three price series, and EU has the least influence on the contrary. It indicates that it is very necessary for EU to set up its own price indicator, for instance, futures prices in EURONEXT. However, in biodiesel market, production in EU has some potential in competing with outside of the world since rapeseed oil price show some potential in price competition with other vegetable oils.
Tuning a magnetic field to generate spinning ferrofluid droplets with controllable speed via nonlinear periodic interfacial waves
Creators: name: Yu, Zongxin
name: Christov, Ivan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional free surface flows in Hele-Shaw configurations are a fertile ground for exploring nonlinear physics. Since Saffman and Taylor's work on linear instability of fluid--fluid interfaces, significant effort has been expended to determining the physics and forcing that set the linear growth rate. However, linear stability does not always imply nonlinear stability. We demonstrate how the combination of a radial and an azimuthal external magnetic field can manipulate the interfacial shape of a linearly unstable ferrofluid droplet in a Hele-Shaw configuration. We show that weakly nonlinear theory can be used to tune the initial unstable growth. Then, nonlinearity arrests the instability, and leads to a permanent deformed droplet shape. Specifically, we show that the deformed droplet can be set into motion with a predictable rotation speed, demonstrating nonlinear traveling waves on the fluid-fluid interface. The most linearly unstable wavenumber and the combined strength of the applied external magnetic fields determine the traveling wave shape, which can be asymmetric.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, REVTeX; v2: combines main text and supplementary material, a few minor changes, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Energy dependence on fractional charge for strongly interacting subsystems
Creators: name: Valone, Steven M.
name: Atlas, Susan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energies of a pair of strongly-interacting subsystems with arbitrary noninteger charges are examined from closed and open system perspectives. An ensemble representation of the charge dependence is derived, valid at all interaction strengths. Transforming from resonance-state ionicity to ensemble charge dependence imposes physical constraints on the occupation numbers in the strong-interaction limit. For open systems, the chemical potential is evaluated using microscopic and thermodynamic models, leading to a novel correlation between ground-state charge and an electronic temperature.
description: 4 pages, 3 figs.; as accepted (Phys. Rev. Lett.)
ЛИТЕРАТУРА ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ 19 ВЕКА: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Убайдова, Д.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: в данной статье рассматривается литература второй половины 19 века. Речь идет о новых направлениях литературы, которые появились в 19 веке. Также анализируются некоторые особенности деканса, символизма и эстетизма.
Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index
Creators: name: Wolff, Hendrik
name: Chong, Howard
name: Auffhammer, Maximilian
name: Wolff, Hendrik
name: Chong, Howard
name: Auffhammer, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Measurement Error
subject: International Comparative Statistics

description: This paper examines the consequences of data error in data series used to construct aggregate indicators. Using the most popular indicator of country level economic development, the Human Development Index (HDI), we identify three separate sources of data error. We propose a simple statistical framework to investigate how data error may bias rank assignments and identify two striking consequences for the HDI. First, using the cutoff values used by the United Nations to assign a country as 'low', 'medium', or 'high' developed, we find that currently up to 45% of developing countries are misclassified. Moreover, by replicating prior development/macroeconomic studies, we find that key estimated parameters such as Gini coefficients and speed of convergence measures vary by up to 100% due to data error.
Broken Symmetries from Minimally Doubled Fermions
Creators: name: Bedaque, Paulo F.
name: Buchoff, Michael I.
name: Tiburzi, Brian C.
name: Walker-Loud, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel chirally symmetric fermion actions containing the minimum amount of fermion doubling have been recently proposed in the literature. We study the symmetries and renormalization of these actions and find that in each case, discrete symmetries, such as parity and time-reversal, are explicitly broken. Consequently, when the gauge interactions are included, these theories radiatively generate relevant and marginal operators. Thus the restoration of these symmetries and the approach to the continuum limit require the fine-tuning of several parameters. With some assumptions, we show that this behavior is unavoidable for actions displaying minimal fermion doubling.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, published version, analysis reorganized and condensed
Possible Anderson transition below two dimensions in disordered systems of noninteracting electrons
Creators: name: Asada, Yoichi
name: Slevin, Keith
name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of an Anderson transition below two dimensions in disordered systems of non-interacting electrons with symplectic symmetry. Numerical analysis of energy level statistics and conductance statistics on Sierpinski carpets with spin-orbit coupling indicates the occurrence of an Anderson transition below two dimensions.
Quintessential inflation in Palatini $f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: López, Samuel Sánchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in detail a family of quintessential inflation models in the context of $R+R^2$ Palatini modified gravity. We find that successful inflation and quintessence are obtained with an inflaton scalar potential that is approximately quadratic in inflation and inverse quartic in quintessence. We show that corrections for the kination period due to Palatini modified gravity are subdominant, while the setup does not challenge constraints on modified gravity from solar system observations and microscopic experiments, in contrast to the metric case. We obtain concrete predictions regarding primordial tensors, to be probed in the near future.
Rough translation of file 009_A (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-180518-10 and VP-180518-11: Rough translation (minute-by-minute) of 009_A (tape 9, side A) from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena), from 24:28 to 34:16 (VP-180518-10) and from 34:16 to 41:34 (VP-180518-11) - no transcription in these sessions, translation only. Due to re-numbering, tape 009_A has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.009, audio file LA256.009A.
“There's a lot of stereotypes going on”: A cross-national qualitative analysis of the place of gender in declining youth drinking
Creators: name: Pennay, Amy
name: Törrönen, J
name: Herold, MD
name: Fenton, L
name: MacLean, Sarah
name: Caluzzi, Gabriel
name: Fairbrother, H
name: Frank, VA
name: Samuelsson, E
name: Holmes, J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Introduction: Significant declines in drinking among young people have been recorded in many high-income countries over the past 20 years. This analysis explored the role of gender - which we interpret as socially constructed and relational - to provide insight into whether and how gender might be implicated in declining youth drinking. Methods: Interview data from four independent qualitative studies from Australia, Denmark, Sweden and the UK (n=194; participants aged 15-19 years) were analysed by researchers in each country following agreement about analytical focus. Findings were collated by the lead author in a process of ‘qualitative synthesis’ which involved successive rounds of data synthesis and feedback from the broader research team. Findings: Our analysis raised two notable points in relation to the role of gender in declining youth drinking. The first concerned the consistency and vehemence across three of the countries at which drinkers and states of intoxication were pejoratively described in gendered terms (e.g., bitchy, sleazy). The second related to the opportunities non- and light-drinking offered for expressing alternate and desirable configurations of femininities and masculinities. Conclusions: We identified an intolerance towards regressive constructions of gender that emphasise weakness for women and strength for men and a valorisation of gendered expressions of maturity through controlled drinking. Though subtle differences in gendered drinking practices between and within countries were observed, our findings offer insight into how young people's enactions of gender are embedded in, and evolve alongside, these large declines in youth drinking.
Lepton number violation in Little Higgs model
Creators: name: Choudhury, S. Rai
name: Gaur, Naveen
name: Goyal, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we examine the constraints imposed by muon anomalous magnetic moment ($(g-2)_μ$) and $μ^- \to e^+ e^- e^-$ on lepton number violating (LNV) couplings of the triplet Higgs in Little Higgs (LH) model.
description: revtex4.0 file, 5 pages including 8 eps figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Statistical Mechanics of an Optical Phase Space Compressor
Creators: name: Dudarev, Artem M.
name: Marder, M.
name: Niu, Qian
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
name: Raizen, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the statistical mechanics of a new method to produce very cold atoms or molecules. The method results from trapping a gas in a potential well, and sweeping through the well a semi-permeable barrier, one that allows particles to leave but not to return. If the sweep is sufficiently slow, all the particles trapped in the well compress into an arbitrarily cold gas. We derive analytical expressions for the velocity distribution of particles in the cold gas, and compare these results with numerical simulations.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Dark energy and the future fate of the Universe
Creators: name: Gong, Yungui
name: Zhang, Yuan-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of observing the onset of the late time inflation of our patch of the Universe. The Hubble size criterion and the event horizon criterion are applied to several dark energy models to discuss the problem of future inflation of the Universe. We find that the acceleration has not lasted long enough to confirm the onset of inflation by present observations for the dark energy model with constant equation of state, the holographic dark energy model and the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model. For the flat $Λ$CDM model with $Ω_{m0}=0.3$, we find that if we use the Hubble size criterion, we need to wait until the $a_v$ which is the scale factor at the time when the onset of inflation is observed reaches 3.59 times of the scale factor $a_T$ when the Universe started acceleration, and we need to wait until $a_v=2.3 a_T$ to see the onset of inflation if we use the event horizon criterion. For the flat holographic dark energy model with $d=1$, we find that $a_v=3.46 a_T$ with the Hubble horizon and $a_v=2.34 a_T$ with the event horizon, respectively. For the flat GCG model with the best supernova fitting parameter $α=1.2$, we find that $a_v=5.50 a_T$ with the Hubble horizon and $a_v=2.08 a_T$ with the event horizon, respectively.
description: 2 figures, 11 pages, Mod. Phys. Lett. A in press
Fighting deepfakes by detecting GAN DCT anomalies
Creators: name: Giudice, Oliver
name: Guarnera, Luca
name: Battiato, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To properly contrast the Deepfake phenomenon the need to design new Deepfake detection algorithms arises; the misuse of this formidable A.I. technology brings serious consequences in the private life of every involved person. State-of-the-art proliferates with solutions using deep neural networks to detect a fake multimedia content but unfortunately these algorithms appear to be neither generalizable nor explainable. However, traces left by Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) engines during the creation of the Deepfakes can be detected by analyzing ad-hoc frequencies. For this reason, in this paper we propose a new pipeline able to detect the so-called GAN Specific Frequencies (GSF) representing a unique fingerprint of the different generative architectures. By employing Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), anomalous frequencies were detected. The \BETA statistics inferred by the AC coefficients distribution have been the key to recognize GAN-engine generated data. Robustness tests were also carried out in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique using different attacks on images such as JPEG Compression, mirroring, rotation, scaling, addition of random sized rectangles. Experiments demonstrated that the method is innovative, exceeds the state of the art and also give many insights in terms of explainability.
QARAMA-QARSHILIK VA ZIDDIYAT KATEGORIYASI
Creators: name: Ubaydova, H.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Borliq qonuniyatlarini tadqiq etuvchi falsafa fani doirasida qarama-qarshilik hamda ziddiyat munosabatlari turlicha mazmun kasb etadi. Bu jihatdan mazkur ikki hodisa mohiyatini anglagan holda ularni tilshunoslik nuqtayi nazaridan tadqiq etish qator filologik masalalar yechimiga oydinlik kiritadi. Ushbu tadqiqot ishida qarama-qarshilik hamda ziddiyat kategoriyalari mohiyati falsafiy aspektda o‘rganilgan va ochib berilgan.
Negative-Tension Branes and Tensionless 1/2 Brane in Boundary Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Ishida, Akira
name: Kim, Chanju
name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Kwon, O-Kab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of boundary conformal field theory we consider a flat unstable D$p$-brane in the presence of a large constant electromagnetic field. Specifically, we study the case that the electromagnetic field satisfy the following three conditions: (i) a constant electric field is turned on along the $x^1$ direction ($E_{1}\ne 0$); (ii) the determinant of the matrix $(η+ F)$ is negative so that it lies in the physical region ($-\det (η+ F)>0$); (iii) the 11-component of its cofactor is positive to the large electromagnetic field. In this case, we identify exactly marginal deformations depending on the spatial coordinate $x^1$. They correspond to tachyon profiles of hyperbolic sine, exponential, and hyperbolic cosine types. Boundary states are constructed for these deformations by utilizing T-duality approach and also by directly solving the overlap conditions in BCFT. The exponential type deformation gives a tensionless half brane connecting the perturbative string vacuum and one of the true tachyon vacua, while the others have negative tensions. This is in agreement with the results obtained in other approaches.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures
SHIFOBAXSH O'SIMLIK NOMLARINING ETIMOLOGIK JIHATLARI XUSUSIDA (ISIRIQ VA QALAMPIRMUNCHOQ MISOLIDA)
Creators: name: Mirjonov, N.N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada shifobaxsh o‘simlik nomlarining etimologik jihatlari xususida bir qator mulohazalar, shu jumladan, isiriq va qalampirmunchoq kabi shifobaxsh o‘simlik nomlarining lingvistik tavsiflari keltirilgan.
An examination of the role of changes in country-level leisure time internet use and computer gaming on adolescent drinking in 33 European countries
Creators: name: Vashishtha, Rakhi
name: Holmes, J
name: Pennay, Amy
name: Dietze, Paul
name: Livingston, Michael
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Introduction: Adolescent alcohol consumption has been declining in many high-income countries since the turn of this century. Research investigating the plausible explanations for these declines has been mostly based on individual-level studies, which are largely inconclusive. Changes in leisure time internet use and computer gaming (referred to in this article as ‘computer activities’) have been hypothesised to play a role in declining adolescent alcohol consumption at a country-level. The aim of this study was to examine the association between country-level changes over time in computer activities and adolescent drinking in 33 European countries. Methods: This is a multi-level repeated cross-national study examining the role of changes over time in country-level and individual-level computer activities on regular drinking. We utilised four waves of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs (ESPAD) from 2003, 2007, 2011 and 2015. At an individual-level the primary exposure of interest was daily engagement in computer activities and aggregated means were used to measure country-level daily computer activities in each included country. Data were analysed using three-level hierarchical linear probability methods. Results: In the fully adjusted model, for between individual effects, we found significant positive association between daily computer activities and regular drinking (β = 0.043, p-value <0.001 and 95% CI = 0.033–0.054). However, at a country-level, we did not find any association between within-country changes in daily computer activities and regular drinking (β = 0.031, p-value = 0.652 and 95% CI = -0.103–0.164. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that broad cultural shifts towards increased computer-based activities among adolescents has played a little or no role in declining adolescent drinking. Future research should be directed towards examining other high-level cultural changes which may have influenced cross-national reductions in adolescent drinking.
Spectroscopic binaries with elliptical orbits
Creators: name: Lucy, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial velocity curves of many spectroscopic binaries (SBs) are perturbed by gas streams or proximity effects. For SBs with circular orbits, these perturbations can give rise to spurious orbital eccentricities of high statistical significance. But tests to identify such anomalous orbits can be constructed since perturbed velocity curves are in general no longer Keplerian. The derived tests are applied both to synthetic and to observed velocity curves.
description: 9pages,3figures,accepted by A&A
MATNLARGA DASTLABKI ISHLOV BERISH VA SEMANTIK TAHLIL QILISHGA OID AYRIM MULOHAZALAR
Creators: name: Usmonova, Mohinur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada hozirgi kunda ilmiy dolzarbligi bilan tabiiy tillarni qayta ishlash sohasi mutaxassislari eʼtiborida boʻlgan masalalardan biri - tabiiy tillarni qayta ishlashning birinchi komponenti hisoblanuvchi morfologik va semantik tahlil, ularning ahamiyati haqida maʼlumotlar keltirilgan.