cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two Populations of Old Star Clusters in the Spiral Galaxy M101 Based on HST/ACS Observations
Creators: name: Simanton, Lesley A.
name: Chandar, Rupali
name: Whitmore, Bradley C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new photometric catalog of 326 candidate globular clusters (GCs) in the nearby spiral galaxy M101, selected from B, V, and I Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys images. The luminosity function (LF) of these clusters has an unusually large number of faint sources compared with GCLFs in many other spiral galaxies. Accordingly, we separate and compare the properties of "bright" (M_V < -6.5) versus "faint" (M_V > -6.5; one magnitude fainter than the expected GC peak) clusters within our sample. The LF of the bright clusters is well fit by a peaked distribution similar to those observed in the Milky Way (MW) and other galaxies. These bright clusters also have similar size (r_{eff}) and spatial distributions as MW GCs. The LF of the faint clusters, on the other hand, is well described by a power law, dN(L_V)/dL_V proportional to L_V^alpha with alpha = -2.6 plus or minus 0.3, similar to those observed for young and intermediate-age cluster systems in star forming galaxies. We find that the faint clusters have larger typical r_{eff} than the bright clusters, and have a flatter surface density profile, being more evenly distributed, as we would expect for clusters associated with the disk. We use the shape of the LF and predictions for mass-loss driven by two-body relaxation to constrain the ages of the faint clusters. Our results are consistent with two populations of old star clusters in M101: a bright population of halo clusters and a fainter, possibly younger, population of old disk clusters.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures; Accepted to ApJ; Introductory level video description of the paper available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SydJJq6cMMo
The Drake Equation and the Search for Life in the Galaxy through Indigenist Lenses
Creators: name: Neilson, Hilding
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract: So much of the modern search for life in beyond our Solar System is motivated by the interpretation of the Drake Equation. However, much of this discourse has arisen with colonial and Eurocentric biases that limit the interpretation of the various terms of the equation. In this talk, I will present an Indigenist view of the Drake Equation and show that this perspective leads to a significantly different view of life in the Galaxy. I will also show that this perspective suggests that the current binary discussion of bio-signatures and techno-signatures in the search for intelligent life can be very limiting.
Data from: High local variability in elevation of the Oldman-Dinosaur Park Formation contact revealed by 3D digital outcrop model, and implications for dinosaur biostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Belly River Group of Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Larsson, Hans
name: Demers-Potvin, Alexandre
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: Supplementary files 2: datasets and code used to conduct analyses of elevation of Oldman-Dinosaur Park Formation contact and of fossil specimens.
Supplementary file 3: virtual tour of the Bonebed 190 Amphitheatre area, Dinosaur Provincial Park, combining aerial footage and render of a 3D digital outcrop model created through structure-from-motion photogrammetry (all obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle in the field). The video can be played on this repository when its file name is clicked on. Images used in some of the manuscript's figures are occasionally referred to throughout the tour.
(3711) Percy Collinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multicomponent obesity prevention intervention in low-income preschoolers: Primary and subgroup analyses of the NET-works randomized clinical trial, 2012-2017
Creators: name: Truesdale, K.
name: Veblen-Mortenson, S.
name: Hotop, A.M.
name: JaKa, M.M.
name: Lauren Crain, A.
name: Kunin Batson, A.S.
name: Berge, J.M.
name: Mitchell, N.R.
name: French, S.A.
name: Sherwood, N.E.
name: Esposito, L.
name: Stevens, J.
name: Pratt, C.
Publisher: name: American Public Health Association Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Objectives. To evaluate a multicomponent obesity prevention intervention among diverse, low-income preschoolers. Methods. Parent-child dyads (n = 534) were randomized to the Now Everybody Together for Amazing and Healthful Kids (NET-Works) intervention or usual care in Minneapolis, MN (2012-2017). The intervention consisted of home visits, parenting classes, and telephone check-ins. The primary outcomes were adjusted 24- and 36-month body mass index (BMI). Results. Compared with usual care, the NET-Works intervention showed no significant difference in BMI change at 24 (-0.12 kg/m2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.44, 0.19) or 36 months (-0.19 kg/m2; 95% CI = -0.64, 0.26). Energy intake was significantly lower in the NET-Works group at 24 (-90 kcal/day; 95% CI = -164, -16) and 36 months (-101 kcal/day; 95% CI = -164, -37). Television viewing was significantly lower in the NET-Works group at 24 (rate ratio = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.75, 0.93) and 36 months (rate ratio = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.99). Children with baseline overweight or obesity had lower BMI in the NET-Works group than those in usual care at 36 months (-0.71 kg/m2; 95% CI = -1.30, -0.12). Hispanic children had lower BMI in the NET-Works group than those in usual care at 36 months (-0.59 kg/m2; 95% CI = -1.14, -0.04). Conclusions. In secondary analyses, NET-Works significantly reduced BMI over 3 years among Hispanic children and children with baseline overweight or obesity. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01606891.
Co-co-doping effect for (Ca,RE)FeAs2 sintered bulk
Creators: name: Yakita, Hiroyuki
name: Ogino, Hiraku
name: Sala, Alberto
name: Okada, Tomoyuki
name: Kishio, Kohji
name: Iyo, Akira
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Shimoyama, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting properties of Co-co-doped (Ca,RE)FeAs2 ((Ca,RE)112: RE = La, Pr) were investigated. Co-co-doping increased Tc of (Ca,Pr)112 while Mn-co-doping suppressed superconductivity of (Ca,RE)112. Co-co-doped (Ca,La)112 showed large diamagnetic screening and sharper superconducting transition than Co-free (Ca,La)112. Tczero observed in resistivity measurements increased from 14 K to 30 K by Co-co-doping, while Tconset was not increased. The critical current density (Jc) of Co-co-doped (Ca,La)112 were approximately 2.1 x 104 Acm-2 and 3.2 x 103 Acm-2 at 2 K and 25 K, respectively, near zero field. These relatively high Jcs and large diamagnetic screening observed in susceptibility measurement as for polycrystalline bulks suggest bulk superconductivity of Co-co-doped (Ca,RE)112 compounds.
Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) Integration in Mathematics Classroom: A Challenge for Nigeria
Creators: name: Ugwu,, Solomon Ekene
name: Onwusi,, Gladys Chika
name: Mbah,, Sylvia Nkem
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Challenges, information and communication technology (ICT), integration, mathematics education

description: Beyond the school-age population, people must be aware and come to terms with the interplay of technological advancement in all spheres of life endeavours. The management of such advancements needs to be tackled at the instructional levels of the learning enterprise. Information and communication technology (ICT) is a promising practice in mathematics classrooms, but its success depends mainly on several issues, such as teachers' perception of ICT capabilities, teachers' attitudes towards the contribution of ICT to mathematics teaching, and students' understanding of mathematics. The success of ICT integration exercises in mathematics classrooms depends largely on these issues. Despite the many challenges faced, Nigeria has great hopes for improving the outcome of education and learning. This requires the cooperation of policymakers, educators, and stakeholders to improve technology access, provide adequate teacher training and support, align curriculum and assessments with ICT standards, address privacy and security issues, and invest in infrastructure and maintenance. This paper provided an exploratory study that looked into the feasibility of combining ICT with traditional teaching methods in Mathematics Education in Nigeria. The management of this combination lies in the domain of education policies and implementation structures. The study proposed implications and consequences of the integration of ICT in Mathematics Education by exploring plausible causes/scenarios for the performance and disposition of teachers and students towards the use of ICT in teaching mathematics in Nigeria
The 'who' and 'what' of #diabetes on Twitter
Creators: name: Beguerisse-Díaz, Mariano
name: McLennan, Amy K.
name: Garduño-Hernández, Guillermo
name: Barahona, Mauricio
name: Ulijaszek, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media are being increasingly used for health promotion, yet the landscape of users, messages and interactions in such fora is poorly understood. Studies of social media and diabetes have focused mostly on patients, or public agencies addressing it, but have not looked broadly at all the participants or the diversity of content they contribute. We study Twitter conversations about diabetes through the systematic analysis of 2.5 million tweets collected over 8 months and the interactions between their authors. We address three questions: (1) what themes arise in these tweets?, (2) who are the most influential users?, (3) which type of users contribute to which themes? We answer these questions using a mixed-methods approach, integrating techniques from anthropology, network science and information retrieval such as thematic coding, temporal network analysis, and community and topic detection. Diabetes-related tweets fall within broad thematic groups: health information, news, social interaction, and commercial. At the same time, humorous messages and references to popular culture appear consistently, more than any other type of tweet. We classify authors according to their temporal 'hub' and 'authority' scores. Whereas the hub landscape is diffuse and fluid over time, top authorities are highly persistent across time and comprise bloggers, advocacy groups and NGOs related to diabetes, as well as for-profit entities without specific diabetes expertise. Top authorities fall into seven interest communities as derived from their Twitter follower network. Our findings have implications for public health professionals and policy makers who seek to use social media as an engagement tool and to inform policy design.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables. Supplemental spreadsheet available from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/2055207616688841, Digital Health, Vol 3, 2017
Additional file 3 of Neck pain patterns and subgrouping based on weekly SMS-derived trajectories
Creators: name: Irgens, P.
name: A. Kongsted
name: B. L. Myhrvold
name: K. Waagan
name: K. B. Engebretsen
name: B. Natvig
name: N. K. Vøllestad
name: H. S. Robinson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Distribution patterns. Distribution of NP patients into pattern and subgroups with 1) original definition criteria, 2) definition of episode duration of two weeks between pain episodes as part of analyses of robustness of pattern and subgroup definitions, 3) patients recruited at first-time consultation for their neck pain only.
A non-invasive assessment of skin carotenoid status through reflection spectroscopy is a feasible, reliable and potentially valid measure of fruit and vegetable consumption in a diverse community sample
Creators: name: Pitts, S.B.J.
name: Jahns, L.
name: Laska, M.N.
name: Moran, N.E.
name: Bell, R.A.
name: Truesdale, K.P.
name: Wu, Q.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2018

description: Objective To assess the feasibility, reliability and validity of reflection spectroscopy (RS) to assess skin carotenoids in a racially diverse sample. Design Study 1 was a cross-sectional study of corner store customers (n 479) who completed the National Cancer Institute Fruit and Vegetable Screener as well as RS measures. Feasibility was assessed by examining the time it took to complete three RS measures, reliability was assessed by examining the variation between three RS measures, and validity was examined by correlation with self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption. In Study 2, validity was assessed in a smaller sample (n 30) by examining associations between RS measures and dietary carotenoids, fruits and vegetables as calculated from a validated FFQ and plasma carotenoids. Setting Eastern North Carolina, USA. Results It took on average 94·0 s to complete three RS readings per person. The average variation between three readings for each participant was 6·8 %. In Study 2, in models adjusted for age, race and sex, there were statistically significant associations between RS measures and (i) FFQ-estimated carotenoid intake (P<0·0001); (ii) FFQ-estimated fruit and vegetable consumption (P<0·010); and (iii) plasma carotenoids (P<0·0001).Conclusions RS is a potentially improved method to approximate fruit and vegetable consumption among diverse participants. RS is portable and easy to use in field-based public health nutrition settings. More research is needed to investigate validity and sensitivity in diverse populations.
(3705) Maud Muriel Malkin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 5 of Neck pain patterns and subgrouping based on weekly SMS-derived trajectories
Creators: name: Irgens, P.
name: A. Kongsted
name: B. L. Myhrvold
name: K. Waagan
name: K. B. Engebretsen
name: B. Natvig
name: N. K. Vøllestad
name: H. S. Robinson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 3. Distribution NP and LBP cohort comparison. Distribution of NP cohort in the defined patterns subgroups and Danish LBP cohort from Kongsted et al. [9].
(3708) Emily Rogerson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Introducing E-Portfolio as Authentic Assessment Tool for the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Imperatives for Smart Green Schools
Creators: name: Mark, Eze Ugwoke
name: Uche, Agwagah
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: E-portfolio, authentic assessment, smart and green school initiative, fourth industrial revolution

description: The Smart and Green Schools initiative of Enugu State Government is an innovative and skill-oriented programme aimed at preparing pupils and students at basic education level to function effectively and responsibly in the era of Fourth Industrial Revolution. Assessment is crucial to effective and innovative educational practices. However, some forms of assessment hinder innovative educational practices. Education stakeholders are expressing concern over their inability to use standardised test for authentic assessment of students.  This paper focused on introducing e-portfolio as an authentic assessment tool for pupils and students in the Smart and Green Schools in Enugu State. The paper x-rayed the current assessment practices in the schools and how pupils and students can develop functional skills such as critical thinking through the use of e-portfolios. The e-portfolio facilitates holistic assessment of learning. However, despite the relevance of e-portfolio towards robust and authentic assessment practices, the paper highlighted that most teachers do not possess sufficient knowledge to use e-portfolio for assessing the students’ knowledge and skills. In addition, the paper noted that the teachers, pupils and students’ digital literacy level is low for effective utilization of e-portfolio for authentic assessment of learning in the Smart and Green Schools. The study recommended among others, urgent and extensive training of teachers, pupils and students on the application of e-portfolio for effective delivery of authentic assessment of learning in the schools.
Model structure on projective systems of $C^*$-algebras and bivariant homology theories
Creators: name: Barnea, Ilan
name: Joachim, Michael
name: Mahanta, Snigdhayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L85, 46L80, 18E30, 18G55, 55P42, 55N15

description: Using the machinery of weak fibration categories due to Schlank and the first author, we construct a convenient model structure on the pro-category of separable $C^*$-algebras $\mathrm{Pro}(\mathtt{SC^*})$. The opposite of this model category models the $\infty$-category of pointed noncommutative spaces $\mathtt{N}\mathcal{S_*}$ defined by the third author. Our model structure on $\mathrm{Pro}(\mathtt{SC^*})$ extends the well-known category of fibrant objects structure on $\mathtt{SC^*}$. We show that the pro-category $\mathrm{Pro}(\mathtt{SC^*})$ also contains, as a full coreflective subcategory, the category of pro-$C^*$-algebras that are cofiltered limits of separable $C^*$-algebras. By stabilizing our model category we produce a general model categorical formalism for triangulated and bivariant homology theories of $C^*$-algebras (or, more generally, that of pointed noncommutative spaces), whose stable $\infty$-categorical counterparts were constructed earlier by the third author. Finally, we use our model structure to develop a bivariant $\mathrm{K}$-theory for all projective systems of separable $C^*$-algebras generalizing the construction of Bonkat and show that our theory naturally agrees with that of Bonkat under some reasonable assumptions.
description: 47 pages; v2 revised according to referee's comments (to appear in New York J. Math.)
Clinical-Community Collaboration: A Strategy to Improve Retention and Outcomes in Low-Income Minority Youth in Family-Based Obesity Treatment
Creators: name: Dean, K.
name: Ward, D.S.
name: Tripicchio, G.L.
name: Ammerman, A.S.
name: Davis, A.
name: Dumenci, L.
name: Faith, M.S.
name: Burger, K.S.
name: Truesdale, K.P.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Background: Clinical-community collaboration is a promising strategy for pediatric obesity treatment, but current research is limited. This study examined the effect of a family-based treatment program embedded in a primary care clinic on retention and changes in child weight status at 1 year. Methods: Children (2-16 years, BMI ≥85th percentile, 87.0% Hispanic) and their parents were recruited from a single pediatric clinic for Healthy Hawks Primary Plus (HHP+). Children were referred by physicians and enrolled by a bilingual clinic-based recruitment coordinator. Participants received 12 weekly 2-hour sessions focused on lifestyle modification and health behavior change and then received bimonthly follow-up visits with their clinic-based physician through 1-year follow-up. Child body mass index (BMI) percentage of the 95th percentile (%BMIp95) was measured as the primary outcome at baseline, postintervention, and 1-year follow-up. Random effect multilevel models assessed changes in child weight status over time accounting for clustering by family. To further evaluate the impact, HHP+ retention and changes in child weight status were compared to a standard 12-week treatment program only. Results: HHP+ participants had significantly better retention at 1 year (73.9%, p ≤ 0.001) compared to the standard treatment program (38.3%). In HHP+, physician visit attendance was significantly correlated with retention at 1 year (r = 0.69, p ≤ 0.001), and HHP+ completers had significant reductions in %BMIp95 between baseline and 1-year follow-up (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Clinical-community partnerships might be a promising strategy to improve retention and reduce child weight status in populations currently underrepresented in obesity treatment.
(3709) Margaret Lois Gisburn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Are hydrogen-deficient carbon stars pulsating?
Creators: name: Crawford, Courtney
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Hydrogen-deficient Carbon (HdC) stars, which include the dusty R Coronae Borealis (RCB) variables and their dustless counterparts (dLHdC), exhibit variations in brightness at maximum light, with V-band semi-amplitudes up to 0.5 mag. Previous studies have not conclusively determined if these variations represent coherent pulsations or stochastic low-frequency fluctuations. This poster presents preliminary findings from analyzing HdC light curves from over eight optical time-domain surveys and historical AAVSO data. One RCB star (RY Sgr) shows evidence of both stochastic low-frequency noise and a highly damped p-mode oscillation with P=38.6 days, similar to other red-supergiant pulsators. More detailed analysis is needed to detect oscillations in other stars. Future work will employ Gaussian Processing to detect weak modes hidden within the noise and strong spectral window.
Thermal absorption as the cause of gigahertz-peaked spectra in pulsars and magnetars
Creators: name: Lewandowski, Wojciech
name: Rożko, Karolina
name: Kijak, Jarosław
name: Melikidze, George I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model that explains the observed deviation of the spectra of some pulsars and magnetars from the power-law spectra which are seen in the bulk of the pulsar population. Our model is based on the assumption that the observed variety of pulsar spectra can be naturally explained by the thermal free-free absorption that takes place in the surroundings of the pulsars. In this context, the variety of the pulsar spectra can be explained according to the shape, density and temperature of the absorbing media and the optical path of the line-of-sight across that. We have put specific emphasis on the case of the radio magnetar SGR J1745-2900 (also known as Sgr A* magnetar), modeling the rapid variations of the pulsar spectrum after the outburst of Apr 2013 as due to the free-free absorption of the radio emission in the electron material ejected during the magnetar outburst. The ejecta expands with time and consequently the absorption rate decreases and the shape of the spectrum changes in such a way that the peak frequency shifts towards the lower radio frequencies. In the hypothesis of an absorbing medium, we also discuss the similarity between the spectral behaviour of the binary pulsar B1259-63 and the spectral peculiarities of isolated pulsars.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Astrophysical Journal
Beyond the dinner table: Who's having breakfast, lunch and dinner family meals and which meals are associated with better diet quality and BMI in pre-school children?
Creators: name: Sherwood, N.E.
name: Truesdale, K.P.
name: Barkin, S.
name: Mitchell, N.
name: Berge, J.M.
name: French, S.A.
name: Matheson, D.
name: Heerman, W.J.
name: Levers-Landis, C.E.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2017

description: Objective Having frequent family dinners is associated with better diet quality in children; however, it is unknown whether the frequency of certain family meal types (i.e. dinner) is more strongly associated with better child weight and diet quality compared with other meal types (i.e. breakfast, lunch). Thus, the current study examined the frequency of eating breakfast, lunch or dinner family meals and associations with pre-school children's overall diet quality (HEI-2010) and BMI percentile. Design Cross-sectional baseline data (2012-2014) from two randomized controlled childhood obesity prevention trials, NET-Works and GROW, were analysed together. Setting Studies were carried out in community and in-home settings in urban areas of Minnesota and Tennessee, USA. Subjects Parent-child (ages 2-5 years) pairs from Minnesota (n 222 non-Hispanics; n 312 Hispanics) and Tennessee (n 545 Hispanics; n 55 non-Hispanics) participated in the study. Results Over 80 % of families ate breakfast or lunch family meals at least once per week. Over 65 % of families ate dinner family meals ≥5 times/week. Frequency of breakfast family meals and total weekly family meals were significantly associated with healthier diet quality for non-Hispanic pre-school children (P<0·05), but not for Hispanic children. Family meal frequency by meal type was not associated with BMI percentile for non-Hispanic or Hispanic pre-school children. Conclusions Breakfast family meal frequency and total weekly family meal frequency were associated with healthier diet quality in non-Hispanic pre-school children but not in Hispanic children. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify the association between family meal type and child diet quality and BMI percentile.
The discovery of differential radial rotation in the pulsating subdwarf B star KIC 3527751
Creators: name: Foster, H. M.
name: Reed, M. D.
name: Telting, J. H.
name: Ostensen, R. H.
name: Baran, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse three years of nearly-continuous Kepler spacecraft short cadence observations of the pulsating subdwarf B star KIC 3527751. We detect a total of 251 periodicities, most in the g-mode domain, but some where p-modes occur, confirming that KIC 3527751 is a hybrid pulsator. We apply seismic tools to the periodicities to characterize the properties of KIC 3527751. Techniques to identify modes include asymptotic period spacing relationships, frequency multiplets, and the separation of multiplet splittings. These techniques allow for 189 (75%) of the 251 periods to be associated with pulsation modes. Included in these are three sets of ell=4 multiplets and possibly an ell=9 multiplet. Period spacing sequences indicate ell=1 and 2 overtone spacings of 266.4 +/-0.2 and 153.2 +/-0.2 seconds, respectively. We also calculate reduced periods, from which we find evidence of trapped pulsations. Such mode trappings can be used to constrain the core/atmosphere transition layers. Interestingly, frequency multiplets in the g-mode region, which sample deep into the star, indicate a rotation period of 42.6 +/-3.4 days while p-mode multiplets, which sample the outer envelope, indicate a rotation period of 15.3 +/-0.7 days. We interpret this as differential rotation in the radial direction with the core rotating more slowly. This is the first example of differential rotation for a subdwarf B star.
description: 27 Pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Full period list at the end
Generation of realistic human behaviour
Creators: name: Vougioukas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: As the use of computers and robots in our everyday lives increases so does the need for better interaction with these devices. Human-computer interaction relies on the ability to understand and generate human behavioural signals such as speech, facial expressions and motion. This thesis deals with the synthesis and evaluation of such signals, focusing not only on their intelligibility but also on their realism. Since these signals are often correlated, it is common for methods to drive the generation of one signal using another. The thesis begins by tackling the problem of speech-driven facial animation and proposing models capable of producing realistic animations from a single image and an audio clip. The goal of these models is to produce a video of a target person, whose lips move in accordance with the driving audio. Particular focus is also placed on a) generating spontaneous expression such as blinks, b) achieving audio-visual synchrony and c) transferring or producing natural head motion. The second problem addressed in this thesis is that of video-driven speech reconstruction, which aims at converting a silent video into waveforms containing speech. The method proposed for solving this problem is capable of generating intelligible and accurate speech for both seen and unseen speakers. The spoken content is correctly captured thanks to a perceptual loss, which uses features from pre-trained speech-driven animation models. The ability of the video-to-speech model to run in real-time allows its use in hearing assistive devices and telecommunications. The final work proposed in this thesis is a generic domain translation system, that can be used for any translation problem including those mapping across different modalities. The framework is made up of two networks performing translations in opposite directions and can be successfully applied to solve diverse sets of translation problems, including speech-driven animation and video-driven speech reconstruction.
(3707) George Hutchinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ab-initio calculation of the real contact area on the atomic scale
Creators: name: Wolloch, Michael
name: Feldbauer, Gregor
name: Mohn, Peter
name: Redinger, Josef
name: Vernes, András
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach to determine the onset of contact between a tip and a surface. The real contact area depending on the distance is calculated using Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules. The jump to contact, which is often observed in atomic force microscopy experiments, is used as an indicator for the initial point of contact, which in turn is defined by atomic relaxations and thus without the need of external parameters. Within our approach the contact area is estimated by evaluating the zero flux surfaces between the touching Bader-atoms, where the necessary electronic density cutoff for the Bader-partitioning is calculated to depend on the initial point of contact. Our proposed approach is therefore completely ab-initio and we are able to define and calculate the real area of contact without imposing restrictions or free parameters. As a prototype system we choose a tip made of a ten atom tungsten pyramid above a moiré layer of graphene on an fcc iridium (111) substrate. We find that the contact area depends exponentially on the effective distance between the tip apex and the surface atom directly below within the atomically relaxed nanosystem.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
La construcción de paz horizontal: Un nuevo concepto desde la experiencia de Colombia
Creators: name: Institute for Integrated Transitions
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Colombia
IFIT
paz
paz horizontal
Fondo Territorial de Capital Humano
territorio
construcción de paz
diálogo
brain trust

description: Escrito a partir de las experiencias del Fondo Territorial de Capital Humano (FTCH), este documento se ha propuesto desarrollar una mejor comprensión de lo que significa en la práctica la incidencia horizontal “territorio-territorio”, así como de sus virtudes de cara a la construcción de paz o la transición a nivel nacional.

En este marco, IFIT, a partir de múltiples diálogos e intercambios entre actores y estrategias de construcción de paz en diferentes regiones de Colombia, ha ido consolidando elementos para introducir un concepto práctico que pueda ser útil en diferentes contextos a nivel global: la construcción de paz horizontal.
(3702) Joan Black
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The nutritional condition of moose co-varies with climate, but not with density, predation risk, or diet composition
Creators: name: Hoy, Sarah
name: Forbey, Jennifer
name: Melody, Daniel
name: Vucetich, Leah
name: Peterson, Rolf
name: Koitzsch, Ky
name: Koitzsch, Lisa
name: Von Duyke, Andrew
name: Henderson, John
name: Parikh, Grace
name: Vucetich, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A fundamental question about the ecology of herbivore populations pertains to the relative influence of biotic and abiotic processes on nutritional condition. Nutritional condition is influenced in important, yet poorly understood, ways by plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) which can adversely affect a herbivore's physiology and energetics. Here we assess the relative influence of various abiotic (weather) and biotic (intraspecific competition, predation risk and diet composition) factors on indicators of nutritional condition and the energetic costs of detoxifying PSMs for the moose population in Isle Royale National Park (U.S.A.). Specifically, we observed interannual variation in the ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine (UN:C), an indicator of nutritional restriction, over 29 years and the ratio of glucuronic acid to creatinine (GA:C), an indicator of energetic investment, in detoxifying PSMs over 19-years. Both UN:C and GA:C were measured in samples of urine-soaked snow. Most importantly, climatic factors explained 66% of the interannual variation in UN:C, with moose being more nutritionally stressed during winters with deep snow and during winters that followed warm summers. None of the biotic factors (density, predation, diet composition) were useful predictors of UN:C or GA:C. The absence of a relationship between diet composition and either UN:C or GA:C suggests that the nutritional ecology of wild herbivores is probably complicated by fine-scale variation in protein content and concentrations of PSMs amongst plants of the same species. UN:C increased with GA:C at both the individual and population-level. That result is consistent with detoxification being energetically costly, such that it impairs nutritional condition and also highlight show spatio-temporal variation in the intake and detoxification of PSMs may influence population dynamics. Lastly, because we observed interannual variation in nutritional condition over three decades and detoxification over two decades these findings are relevant to concerns about how herbivore populations respond to climate change.
description: Funding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number: Funding provided by: Isle Royale National Park*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: Funding provided by: McIntire Stennis*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number:
description: See main manuscript & Supporting Information.
Non-metricity in the continuum limit of randomly-distributed point defects
Creators: name: Kupferman, Raz
name: Maor, Cy
name: Rosenthal, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a homogenization theorem for isotropically-distributed point defects, by considering a sequence of manifolds with increasingly dense point defects. The loci of the defects are chosen randomly according to a weighted Poisson point process, making it a continuous version of the first passage percolation model. We show that the sequence of manifolds converges to a smooth Riemannian manifold, while the Levi-Civita connections converge to a non-metric connection on the limit manifold. Thus, we obtain rigorously the emergence of a non-metricity tensor, which was postulated in the literature to represent continuous distribution of point defects.
Additional file 1 of CoGAPS 3: Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization for single-cell analysis with asynchronous updates and sparse data structures
Creators: name: Sherman, Thomas D.
name: Tiger Gao
name: Fertig, Elana J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation Theory and Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Extended methods describing the asynchronous update algorithm to enhance parallelization and efficiency for the Bayesian NMF in Version 3.0.
Management of Volunteerism for an Effective Tool in Basic Education
Creators: name: Mogboh,, Veronica (Ph. D.)
name: Ene, N., S. Nnamdi (Ph. D.)
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Management, volunteerism, strategies, integration, impact, multifaceted dimensions, transformation, plethora

description: Volunteerism is a universal human phenomenon that contributes important social and economic benefits to society. In Nigeria like in most parts of Africa, it is as old as the people because volunteering tasks has always existed and predates modern civilization. In traditional society, there is a level of volunteerism that is expected in the home or community at a certain age often based on experience, gender, ability, location and availability. Volunteerism in education emerged as a portent management tool bringing forth a plethora of benefits and transformative impacts.  This paper explored the multifaceted dimensions of volunteerism as a management tool in education, delved into its practical applications, advantages and the potential applications, advantages and the potential it holds for shaping educational experience for good governance. This paper also discussed management strategies essential for effective volunteerism in education. This exploratory paper sought to elucidate the multifaceted impact of volunteerism in education and the strategic management approaches necessary for its successful integration for good governance
Constraints on small-scale cosmological fluctuations from SNe lensing dispersion
Creators: name: Ben-Dayan, Ido
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide predictions on small-scale cosmological density power spectrum from supernova lensing dispersion. Parameterizing the primordial power spectrum with running $α$ and running of running $β$ of the spectral index, we exclude large positive $α$ and $β$ parameters which induce too large lensing dispersions over current observational upper bound. We ran cosmological N-body simulations of collisionless dark matter particles to investigate non-linear evolution of the primordial power spectrum with positive running parameters. The initial small-scale enhancement of the power spectrum is largely erased when entering into the non-linear regime. For example, even if the linear power spectrum at $k>10h {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ is enhanced by $1-2$ orders of magnitude, the enhancement much decreases to a factor of $2-3$ at late time ($z \leq 1.5$). Therefore, the lensing dispersion induced by the dark matter fluctuations weakly constrains the running parameters. When including baryon-cooling effects (which strongly enhance the small-scale clustering), the constraint is comparable or tighter than the PLANCK constraint, depending on the UV cut-off. Further investigations of the non-linear matter spectrum with baryonic processes is needed to reach a firm constraint.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Impact of saltwater intrusion on relation to fruit growing households in Ben Tre, Vietnam
Creators: name: Truc, Ngo Thi Thanh
name: Thuc, Le Vinh
name: Truc, Ngo Thi Thanh
name: Thuc, Le Vinh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: saltwater intrusion
subject: natural hazards
subject: livelihood vulnerability
subject: income
subject: Vietnam

description: Purpose. Saltwater intrusion affected seriously the livelihood of mangosteen growers in Ben Tre, a coastal province in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta in 2016. This study assesses how saltwater intrusion influenced the livelihood vulnerability of the mangosteen households and communities. Methodology / approach. This study used the United Nations’ Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and a similar index from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) using data from 196 interviewed mangosteen growers in Cho Lach district, Ben Tre province in 2016 and 2018. A total of twenty-five (25) indicators are applied to calculate the two indices, using data as exposure to saltwater intrusion and natural hazards (5), socio-demographic factors (11), and sensitivity of health, finance, and source of water for domestic use (9). Results. The analysis results show that mangosteen-growing households had a medium vulnerability in 2016 and 2018 based on both indices. However, they were extremely vulnerable due to saltwater intrusion in 2016, and a high household percentage had a moderate value in the vulnerability index. They did not experience how to respond to saltwater intrusion and received a late warning on saltwater intrusion from the local authorities and media. However, mangosteen-growing households had a quick adaptive behavior to shift to new crops to improve their income in 2018. Originality / scientific novelty. The study provides a set of indicators to assess the vulnerability of this low-vulnerable area based on past studies as well as the actual situation of the study area in 2016 and 2018 to determine what factors influenced the main components, LVI and LVI – IPCC. These indicators represented the characteristics of the rural households in Vietnam and other Asian countries. This research also indicated how LVI and LVI – IPCC results differently and when they should be used. The analysis identified the factors influencing the LVI and LVI – IPCC by levels of saltwater intrusion in different years of 2016 and 2018, two different severe and less severe sites, adaptive and non-adaptive households, and their interaction. Practical value / implications. LVI and LVI-IPCC are good indicators for local and regional assessments on how saltwater intrusion and natural hazards affect households’ and communities’ livelihood and thereby how to guide them to respond promptly in such cases.