cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New analysis of SNeIa Pantheon Catalog: Variable speed of light as an alternative to dark energy
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In A&A 412, 35 (2003) Blanchard, Douspis, Rowan-Robinson, and Sarkar (BDRS) slightly modified the primordial fluctuation spectrum and produced an excellent fit to WMAP's CMB power spectrum for an Einstein-de Sitter (EdS) universe, bypassing dark energy. Curiously, they obtained a Hubble value of $H_0\approx46$, in sharp conflict with the canonical range $H_0\sim67-73$. However, we will demonstrate that the reduced value of $H_0\approx46$ achieved by BDRS is fully compatible with the use of variable speed of light in analyzing the late-time cosmic acceleration observed in Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa). In Phys. Lett. B 862, 139357 (2025) we uncovered a hidden aspect in a generic class of scale-invariant actions: the dynamics of the dilaton can induce a variation in the speed of light as $c\proptoχ^{1/2}$, causing $c$ to vary alongside $χ$ across spacetime. For an EdS universe with varying $c$, besides the effects of cosmic expansion, light waves emitted from distant SNeIa are further subject to a refraction effect, which alters the Lemaitre redshift relation to $1+z=a^{-3/2}$. Based on this new formula, we achieve a fit to the SNeIa Pantheon Catalog exceeding the quality of the $Λ$CDM model. Crucially, our approach does not require dark energy and produces $H_0=47.2$ in strong alignment with the BDRS finding of $H_0\approx46$. Hence, BDRS's analysis of the (early-time) CMB power spectrum and our variable-$c$ analysis of the (late-time) Hubble diagram of SNeIa fully agree on two counts: (i) the dark energy hypothesis is avoided, and (ii) $H_0$ is reduced to $\sim47$, which also yields an age $t_0=2/(3H_0)=13.8$ Gy for an EdS universe, without requiring dark energy. Most importantly, we will demonstrate that the late-time acceleration can be attributed to the declining speed of light in an expanding EdS universe, rather than to a dark energy component.
description: Final version. Published in JCAP
Arabinoxylans and gelled arabinoxylans used as anti-obesogenic agents could protect the stability of intestinal microbiota of rats consuming high-fat diets
Creators: name: Carvajal-Millan, Elizabeth
name: Vargas-Albores, Francisco
name: Fierro-Islas, José Miguel
name: Gollas-Galván, Teresa
name: Magdaleno-Moncayo, Dante
name: Rascon-Chu, Agustín
name: Martínez-Porchas, Marcel
name: Lago-Lestón, Asunción
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This study evaluated the effect of using arabinoxylans (AX) and gelled arabinoxylans (AxGel) as anti-obesogenic agents on the faecal microbiota of rats fed with a high-fat (HF) diet. Results revealed that the HF content in diet caused obesity in rats and alterations in the taxonomic and functional profiles of faecal microbiota. However, these effects were lessened when AX and AxGel were used as ingredients of the HF diet. Metabolisms of amino acids and energy, as well as genetic information processing, were negatively affected when the rats consumed the HF diet; however, this effect was not observed if AX and AxGel were included as part of the diet formulation. Results suggest that AX may act as a prebiotic agent. Therefore, AX and AxGel could be considered as hypothetical protectors of the intestinal microbiota against HF consumption.
Dirac operators and conformal invariants of tori in 3-space
Creators: name: Taimanov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how to assign to any immersed torus in $\R^3$ or $S^3$ a Riemann surface such that the immersion is described by functions defined on this surface. We call this surface the spectrum or the spectral curve of the torus. The spectrum contains important information about conformally invariant properties of the torus and, in particular, relates to the Willmore functional. We propose a simple proof that for isothermic tori in $\R^3$ (this class includes constant mean curvature tori and tori of revolution) the spectrum is invariant with respect to conformal transformations of $\R^3$. We show that the spectral curves of minimal tori in $S^3$ introduced by Hitchin and of constant mean curvature tori in $\R^3$ introduced by Pinkall and Sterling are particular cases of this general spectrum. The construction is based on the Weierstrass representation of closed surfaces in $\R^3$ and the construction of the Floquet--Bloch varieties of periodic differential operators.
description: LaTeX, 40 pages
title: The impact of S-sulfocysteine in cell culture media
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Martina
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: L-Cysteine is a critical amino acid required for the cultivation of mammalian cells such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). Due to low stability of cysteine and low solubility of the dimer cystine at neutral pH, S-sulfocysteine (SSC) was developed to substitute cysteine in highly concentrated feeds. The bioavailability of SSC, the positive impact but also the toxic response at high SSC concentrations was already described in previous studies. The underlying mechanism for cellular uptake and the root cause for the toxicity however remained unclear so far and were studied in the current work. Due to the structure similarity of SSC to cystine and glutamate, it was proposed that the cystine/glutamate antiporter (xc−) allow cellular uptake of SSC and was assessed via transporter inhibition using sulfasalazine and transporter overexpression using either sulforaphane or sulforaphane-N-acetylcysteine during fed-batch experiments. Following daily addition of 50 µM and 100 µM sulfasalazine, the extracellular SSC concentration was increased by 65% and 177% respectively, suggesting a reduced uptake due to xc− inhibition. In c ontrast, enhanced transporter activity through 15 µM sulforaphane and sulforaphane-Nacetylcysteine treatment, induced a 60% and 52% reduced extracellular SSC concentration, respectively. The inverse cellular response of CHO cells strongly suggests that SSC is transported via xc−. Additionally, elevated SSC uptake via sulforaphane treatment was linked to aggravated SSC toxicity indicating that the xc− antiporter activity impacts the toxic response by controlling the concentration of intracellular SSC. The second part of this study was aimed at assessing the impact of the feed formulation and cell line dependency regarding SSC toxicity via a combined approach of high throughput small-scale fed-batch experiments and multivariate data analysis (MVDA). A diverse SSC response was observed for eight different CHO cell lines and 79 different feed formulations indicating a clone dependent SSC response and a significant impact of the feed formulation on the toxicity. However, MVDA was not able to identify cell culture media components which impair the toxic response of SSC, suggesting that the feed formulation has an indirect impact on the SSC toxicity. The final section sought to clarify the root cause for toxicity after SSC application. For this purpose, SSC metabolization by CHO cells was investigated in vitro by spiking SSC to cell lysates. Critical intracellular metabolites were identified using LC-MS/MS, whereby significant responses to SSC treatment were e.g. glutathione depletion and the accumulation of S-sulfo-glutathione. These might support excessive persulfidation of cysteine-dependent key proteins through SSC metabolization, which was suggested to be the root cause of toxicity.
Order Parameter Equations for Front Transitions: Planar and Circular Fronts
Creators: name: Hagberg, Aric
name: Meron, Ehud
name: Rubinstein, I.
name: Zaltzman, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near a parity breaking front bifurcation, small perturbations may reverse the propagation direction of fronts. Often this results in nonsteady asymptotic motion such as breathing and domain breakup. Exploiting the time scale differences of an activator-inhibitor model and the proximity to the front bifurcation, we derive equations of motion for planar and circular fronts. The equations involve a translational degree of freedom and an order parameter describing transitions between left and right propagating fronts. Perturbations, such as a space dependent advective field or uniform curvature (axisymmetric spots), couple these two degrees of freedom. In both cases this leads to a transition from stationary to oscillating fronts as the parity breaking bifurcation is approached. For axisymmetric spots, two additional dynamic behaviors are found: rebound and collapse.
description: 9 pages. Aric Hagberg: http://t7.lanl.gov/People/Aric/; Ehud Meron: http://www.bgu.ac.il/BIDR/research/staff/meron.html
The separation of federal judicial power : a purposive analysis
Creators: name: Wheeler, Fiona
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1999

description: This thesis examines the separation of federal judicial power from legislative and executive power, arguably the most resilient of the fundamental implications drawn by the High Court from the text and structure of the Australian Constitution. The separation of federal judicial power is primarily manifested in two rules of constitutional law: first, that federal judicial power can only be exercised by Chapter III courts and, secondly, that Chapter III courts cannot validly be invested by the Commonwealth Parliament with non-judicial power unless incidental to the discharge of their judicial functions. The independent and impartial exercise of judicial power is deeply imbued in our legal culture. It is perhaps not surprising then that the deign of the first three Chapters of our federal Constitution, coupled with the words of ss.1,61 and 71 should be interpreted as incorporating a legally enforceable doctrine of the separation of powers, even if the framers were largely silent on this point. Critically, the separation of federal judicial power is not an end in itself. As leading commentators have pointed out, the separation of powers is a normative or purposive doctrine chiefly directed towards the creation of an institutional and structural environment in which the supremacy of law over arbitrary power will be fostered. The central argument of this thesis is a simple one: that the rule of law rationale of the separation of federal judicial power should consistently and explicitly inform the High Court's separation of powers jurisprudence. In other words, we need a consciously purposive approach to the separation of federal judicial power in Australia in order to navigate this aspect of our constitutional law in a principled, as opposed to a purely formalistic, fashion. This thesis then tells the story of the separation of federal judicial power in Australia in purposive or "functional" terms, relating the recognition and operation of the separation doctrine to changing patterns of governance in twentieth century Australia. It revisits existing doctrine in light of the purposive approach and explores the burgeoning area of implications derived from Chapter III of the Constitution protective of individual rights.
title: Shellfish Patents Krill Research: Patent Law Defences and Technology Transfer of Genetic Materials and Knowledge in Aquaculture
Creators: name: Humphries, Frances Amy
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Access and benefit sharing (ABS)
subject: Shellfish patents
subject: Patent law
subject: Genetic materials
subject: Krill
subject: Aquaculture

description: The recent rise of access and benefit sharing (ABS) and patent laws concerning the use of aquatic genetic resources is creating increasing legal complexity and uncertainty for the aquaculture sector. The complexity and uncertainty comes at a time when the sector needs unprecedented access and exchange of genetic resources, technologies and knowledge for its early stages of domestication and scientific research and development. Arguably, the complexity largely stems from using the geographical origin of a resource to determine which ABS or stand-alone technology transfer obligations apply. This may suit transactions of terrestrial genetic resources whose origin can be determined within national jurisdiction. It is less suited to self-replicating aquatic genetic resources that can migrate between jurisdictional areas. It is also less suited to regulating derivatives such as the digital (knowledge) resource accessed independently from the physical genetic resource. This thesis looks beyond the geographical origin to three underlying approaches that generalise how international instruments regulate ABS and technology transfer of genetic resources within three jurisdictional areas – proprietary (within national jurisdiction), stewardship (beyond national jurisdiction or the ‘deep sea’) and cooperative (in the Antarctic Treaty Area) approaches. The benefit of this categorisation is to understand the assumptions and principles underlying each instrument’s approach to technology transfer with a view to finding similarities and compatibilities between three shared legal challenges.
Sampling Visual Space: Topography, colour vision and visually guided predator avoidance in fiddler crabs (Uca vomeris)
Creators: name: Smolka, Jochen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: fiddler crabs, visual ecology, neuroethology, visual sampling, compound eyes, eye design, visual acuity, colour vision, spectral sensitivity, polarisation sensitivity, electrophysiology, photoreceptors, predator avoidance behaviour, natural stimuli, flicker

description: Many animals use vision to guide their behaviour and to collect relevant information about their environment. The diversity of visual environments and of visually guided tasks has led to a large variety of specialisations of eyes and visual systems. Our knowledge, however, about how the anatomical and physiological properties of eyes and the behavioural strategies of animals relate to the visual signals that are important to them in their natural environment, is extremely limited. In this thesis, I make use of optical, physiological and behavioural analyses to reconstruct the flow of visual information that the fiddler crab Uca vomeris experiences during its daily life on the mudflat. I present a detailed analysis of the first stage of visual processing, the sampling by the ommatidial array of the crabs' compound eye and demonstrate how regional specialisations of optical and sampling resolution reflect the information content and behavioural relevance of different parts of the visual field. Having developed the first intracellular electrophysiological preparation in fiddler crabs, I then examine the spectral sensitivities of photoreceptors - the basis for colour vision. I show that the crabs possess an unusual trichromatic colour vision system featuring a UV-sensitive and a variety of short-wavelength receptor types based on the coexpression of two short-wavelength sensitive pigments. Finally, the natural visual signals that predatory and non-predatory birds present to fiddler crabs are described. The visual cues the crabs use when deciding whether and when to respond to these potential predators are analysed and compared to those used in dummy predator experiments. The crabs use a decision criterion that combines multiple visual cues - including retinal speed, elevation and visual flicker. Neither of these cues accurately predicts risk, but together they reflect the statistical properties of the natural signals the crabs experience. The complex interactions between the design of the crabs' visual system, the stimuli they experience in their natural context and their behaviour demonstrate that neither of them can be understood without knowledge of the other two.
Exploring the implication of science communication practices on a model for teacher professional development: Serving up the Pierian Waters
Creators: name: Perera, Sean
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Science Communcation, Constructivism, Inquiry, Science Teachers, Professional Development, Hands-on, Cross Cultural Studies

description: Science communication, over the last two decades, has shifted its onus from public understanding to public engagement. These efforts have been paralleled in science education, which strives to promote continued student engagement with science. Persistence with more traditional forms of pedagogy by teachers in middle school is a chief deterrent to this endeavour. Since many teachers' inadequate understanding about science is regarded as inhibiting their use of inquiry-based pedagogy, professional development based on constructivist principles has been identified to remedy this problem. This study investigates the constructivist basis for a model of short-term professional development, which has not been addressed in the literature. The one-day workshops offered to middle school science teachers in Australia and overseas by the Centre for the Public Awareness of Science (ANU, Canberra) are investigated here. While the workshops did facilitate conceptual change in the teachers, it was found that the constructivist principles which were incorporated into the workshops' design and delivery were underpinned by science communication practices. The conclusions presented include: the possibility of a constructivist framework for short-term professional development; the need for greater involvement of science communication in science education reform; and the unique challenges which confront science teachers from non-Western cultures.
title: Экология
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2025

description: Учебное пособие поможет студентам освоить понятийно-терминологический аппарат, применяемый для анализа экологических проблем регионального и глобального уровней. Издание включает 2 модуля и тестовые задания по темам. Материал содержит основные характеристики экосистемного уровня организации биосферы, экономические и правовые аспекты экологии, рассказывает о природных ресурсах, способах их рационального использования, а также об основных направлениях охраны окружающей среды. Подготовлено в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом среднего профессионального образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для изучения дисциплин «Экология», «Основы экологии» студентами всех профессий и специальностей.
Internal friction controls active ciliary oscillations near the instability threshold
Creators: name: Mondal, Debasmita
name: Adhikari, Ronojoy
name: Sharma, Prerna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ciliary oscillations driven by molecular motors cause fluid motion at micron scale. Stable oscillations require a substantial source of dissipation to balance the energy input of motors. Conventionally, it stems from external fluid. We show, in contrast, that external fluid friction is negligible compared to internal elastic stress through a simultaneous measurement of motion and flow field of an isolated and active Chlamydomonas cilium beating near the instability threshold. Consequently, internal friction emerges as the sole source of dissipation for ciliary oscillations. We combine these experimental insights with theoretical modeling of active filaments to show that an instability to oscillations takes place when active stresses are strain softening and shear thinning. Together, our results reveal a counterintuitive mechanism of ciliary beating and provide a general experimental and theoretical methodology to analyze other active filaments, both biological and synthetic ones.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Ecological model of extinctions
Creators: name: Abramson, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present numerical results based on a simplified ecological system in evolution, showing features of extinction similar to that claimed for the biosystem on Earth. In the model each species consists of a population in interaction with the others, that reproduces and evolves in time. Each species is simultaneously a predator and a prey in a food chain. Mutations that change the interactions are supposed to occur randomly at a low rate. Extinctions of populations result naturally from the predator-prey dynamics. The model is not pinned in a fitness variable, and natural selection arises from the dynamics.
description: 16 pages (LaTeX type, RevTeX style), including 6 figures in gif format. To be published in Phys. Rev. E (prob. Dic. 96)
Base pairs with 5-chloroorotic acid and comparison with the natural nucleobase. Structural and spectroscopic study, and three suggested antiviral modified nucleosides
Creators: name: Palafox, M. Alcolea
name: Kattan, D.
name: de Pedraza Velasco, M. L.
name: Isasi, J.
name: Rani, Kaushal
name: Singh, S. P.
name: Vats, J. K.
name: Rastogi, V. K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A structural and spectroscopic study of 5-chloroorotic acid (5-ClOA) biomolecule was carried out by IR and FT-Raman and the results obtained were compared to those achieved in 5-fluoroorotic acid and 5-aminoorotic acid compounds. The structures of all possible tautomeric forms were determined using DFT and MP2 methods. To know the tautomer form present in the solid state, the crystal unit cell was optimized through dimer and tetramer forms in several tautomeric forms. The keto form was confirmed through an accurate assignment of all the bands. For this purpose, an additional improvement in the theoretical spectra was carried out using linear scaling equations (LSE) and polynomic equations (PSE) deduced from uracil molecule. Base pairs with uracil, thymine and cytosine nucleobases were optimized and compared to the natural Watson-Crick (WC) pairs. The counterpoise (CP) corrected interaction energies of the base pairs were also calculated. Three nucleosides were optimized based on 5-ClOA as nucleobase, and their corresponding WC pairs with adenosine. These modified nucleosides were inserted in DNA:DNA and RNA:RNA microhelices, which were optimized. The position of the -COOH group in the uracil ring of these microhelices interrupts the DNA/RNA helix formation. Because of the special characteristic of these molecules they can be used as antiviral drugs. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Stein Point Markov Chain Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Chen, Wilson Ye
name: Barp, Alessandro
name: Briol, François-Xavier
name: Gorham, Jackson
name: Girolami, Mark
name: Mackey, Lester
name: Oates, Chris. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An important task in machine learning and statistics is the approximation of a probability measure by an empirical measure supported on a discrete point set. Stein Points are a class of algorithms for this task, which proceed by sequentially minimising a Stein discrepancy between the empirical measure and the target and, hence, require the solution of a non-convex optimisation problem to obtain each new point. This paper removes the need to solve this optimisation problem by, instead, selecting each new point based on a Markov chain sample path. This significantly reduces the computational cost of Stein Points and leads to a suite of algorithms that are straightforward to implement. The new algorithms are illustrated on a set of challenging Bayesian inference problems, and rigorous theoretical guarantees of consistency are established.
description: Minor bug fixed in Theorem 4 (result unchanged)
[Hold: Do Not Make Live] Evaluation of Tether Anchor Zones for FMVSS No. 225
Publisher: name: United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Year: 2019

description: In January 2015 NHTSA released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 225, Child restraint anchorage systems, proposing to improve the ease of using tether anchorages by including a vehicle clearance criterion that would allow proper tightening of the child restraint tether strap. This report addresses a survey of vehicles conducted to measure and compare different tether anchor zones.
Fifteen Years of Polish Agriculture in the European Union
Creators: name: Kapusta, Franciszek
name: Kapusta, Franciszek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: common agricultural policy
subject: subsidies
subject: productivity
subject: self-sufficiency
subject: position

description: The aim of the study was to characterize: a) financial aid paid to farmers under the Common Agricultural Policy and sources of funds from 2004-2018; b) changes in agriculture in terms of: factors of production, cultivation area and production of the main crops in total and per capita, livestock farming and production of the main animal products in total and per capita, productivity (land, labor, and fixed assets), marketability and profitability (land, labor, and fixed assets), self-sufficiency in the production and consumption of: cereals, potatoes, cow’s milk, hen eggs, as well as meat and offal. The period of 2001-2003 was adopted as the base period for comparisons, i.e., three years before Poland’s accession to the European Union, while the last period was 2016-2018, due to the availability of verified statistical information; c) position of Polish agriculture in the EU from 2004-2005 (EU-25), as well as 2010 and 2019 (EU-28). The analysis showed positive changes in all the discussed issues, except for land management, whose exclusion from agricultural production requires urgent state interference to reduce the pace of this process. The position of Polish agriculture in the EU generally ranks proportionally to land resources or higher. However, it is weaker in the case of animal production compared with crop production. Trade turnover in agri-food products and a positive trade balance are systematically growing.
Wormhole solutions in generalized Rastall gravity
Creators: name: Sadeghnezhad, Naser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we seek for static spherically symmetric solutions representing wormhole configurations in generalized Rastall gravity (GRG). In this theory, a varying coupling parameter could act as dark energy (DE) and thus, it can be considered as responsible for the current accelerated expansion of the universe. We consider an anisotropic energy momentum tensor (EMT) as the supporting source for wormhole structure and further assume that there exists a linear relation between radial and tangential pressures and energy density. We therefore obtain two classes of solutions to the field equations of GRG, including the solutions with zero and nonzero redshift functions. For these solutions we find that the matter distribution obeys the physical reasonability conditions, i.e., the flare-out and the weak (WEC) and null (NEC) energy conditions either at the throat and throughout the spacetime. The conditions on physical reasonability of the wormhole solutions put restrictions on model parameters. Hence, in the framework of GRG, asymptotically flat wormhole configurations can be built without the need of exotic matter. Gravitational lensing effects of the obtained solutions are also discussed and it is found that the throat of wormhole can effectively act as a photon sphere near which the light deflection angle takes arbitrarily large values.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.01904 by other authors
Three-loop jet function for boosted heavy quarks
Creators: name: Clavero, Alberto M.
name: Brüser, Robin
name: Mateu, Vicent
name: Stahlhofen, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the inclusive jet function for boosted heavy quarks to $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$. The jet function is defined and calculated in the framework of boosted Heavy-Quark Effective Theory (bHQET). It describes the effect of radiation collimated in narrow jets arising from energetic heavy quarks on observables probing the jet invariant mass $M$ in the region where $M^2 - m^2 \ll m^2$, with $m$ the heavy quark mass. This kinematic situation is relevant e.g. in boosted top (pair) production at high-energy colliders. We have verified that our result satisfies non-Abelian exponentiation and checked that our calculation reproduces the known cusp and non-cusp anomalous dimensions of the jet function to $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$. We also confirmed that the $n_\ell^2α_s^3$ contribution, where $n_\ell$ is the number of massless quark flavors, agrees with the prediction from renormalon calculus. Our computation provides the last missing piece to obtain the N$^3$LL$^\prime$ resummed (self-normalized) thrust distribution used for the calibration of the top quark mass parameter in parton-shower Monte Carlo generators. Our result also contributes to the invariant mass distribution of reconstructed top quarks at N$^3$LL$^\prime$, which can be employed for a precise top mass determination at future lepton colliders. As a by-product, we obtain the relation between the pole and short-distance jet-mass schemes at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$. Finally, we estimate the non-logarithmic contribution to the four-loop jet function based on renormalon dominance.
description: 28 pages + appendices, 7 figures. v2: Few typos fixed, included extra sentences to clarify some technical points, missing references added. Journal version
Design, synthesis, computational molecular docking studies of novel heterocyclics bearing 1,2,4–triazole, 1,3,4–oxadiazole conjugates as potent antibacterial and antitubercular agents
Creators: name: Sravanthi, B.
name: Himavathi, G.
name: Robert, A. R.
name: Karunakar, Prashantha
name: Kiran, K. S.
name: Maddila, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Herein, we report the synthesis, and characterization of a new series of 1,3,4–oxadiazole and 1,2,4–triazole derivatives based on azaindole acetamides and assigned as potential antibacterial and antitubercular substances. The structures of these compounds were established by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectral analysis. In preliminary antibacterial studies, analogues 6b, 6d, and 6e were found to be most effective against S. aureus with MIC of 12.5, 6.25, and 12.5 μg/mL, whereas 8d displayed excellent activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli bacterial strains with zones of inhibition 12.5, 25, and 12.5 μg/mL respectively. Particularly, the prepared scaffolds 8c, 8d, and 8e showed remarkable antifungal activity with MIC value 12.5, 12.5, and 6.25 μg/mL against A. flavus and 6d, 6c producing an increase in the activity against C. Albicans with zones of inhibition 12.5 and 12.5 μg/mL respectively. Also, through the antitubercular studies, we found that compounds 6e and 8b have a strong activity with M. tuberculosis H37Rv with MICs 3.26, and 6.48 μg/mL, respectively. The protein stability, fluctuations of APO-Protein, and protein-ligand complexes were investigated through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations studies using Desmond Maestro 11.3, and potential lead molecules were identified. Our findings were further confirmed using molecular docking, revealing that azaindole based ligand 6e, 6f, and 8a has strong hydrophobic Tyr179, Trp183, Ile177, Ile445, and H–bondings interactions Arg151 and Arg454 through molecular dynamics simulation studies, making it potential biological compound. These compounds were further evaluated for their ADMET and physicochemical properties by using SwissADME. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Inventory management in shipping industry: the solution of 3D printing
Creators: name: Μελάς, Γιώργος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 3d printing
subject: Additive manufacturing
subject: Spare part management
subject: Implementation of new technologies
subject: Questionnaire

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία, τα θεωρητικά και πρακτικά προνόμια του τρόπου παραγωγής με τη χρήση Τρισδιάστατης Εκτύπωσης παρουσιάζονται. Η έρευνα, διεξάγεται με τη μορφή ερωτηματολογίων, τα οποία έχουν ληφθεί μέσω μίας προσέγγισης υποθέσεως εργασίας. 25 ειδικοί του κλάδου της κατασκευής, μεταπώλησης αλλά και αγοράς των ανταλλακτικών των εμπορικών πλοίων, έχουν συμμετάσχει στην έρευνα. Πολύτιμα συμπεράσματα εξάγονται, σχετικά με το πρίσμα, μέσω του οποίου βλέπουν οι ενδιαφερόμενοι τον συγκεκριμένο, αναπτυσσόμενο τρόπο παραγωγής. Εκτός αυτού, γίνεται κατανοητός ο βαθμός συμφωνίας και ετοιμότητας της αγοράς, να αποδεχθεί αυτή την κατασκευαστική μέθοδο, η οποία όπως αποδεικνύεται, πρόκειται (εφόσον εφαρμοστεί) να μεταποιήσει συθέμελα την εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα, ολόκληρης της εμπορικής ναυτιλίας. Όπως διαφαίνεται από τα συμπεράσματα των συμμετεχόντων, η άμεση βοήθεια που θα μπορούσε να λάβει ο κλάδος από την Τρισδιάστατη Εκτύπωση, αφορά συγκεκριμένες μερίδες των ανταλλακτικών. Λόγω ιδιαίτερων χαρακτηριστικών τους, τα συγκεκριμένα ανταλλακτικά, μπορούν ευκολότερα, γρηγορότερα και οικονομικότερα, να δημιουργούνται σε διευρυμένη κλίμακα, μέσω του νέου τρόπου παραγωγής.
Neutral-fermionic presentation of the $K$-theoretic $Q$-function
Creators: name: Iwao, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 13M10

description: We show a new neutral-fermionic presentation of Ikeda-Naruse's $K$-theoretic $Q$-functions, which represent a Schubert class in the $K$-theory of coherent sheaves on the Lagrangian Grassmannian. Our presentation provides a simple description and yields straightforward proof of two types of Pfaffian formulas for them. We present a dual space of $GΓ$, the vector space generated by all $K$-theoretic $Q$-functions, by constructing a non-degenerate bilinear form that is compatible with the neutral fermionic presentation. We give a new family of dual $K$-theoretic $Q$-functions, their neutral-fermionic presentations, and Pfaffian formulas.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure v4: Major revision. The title has been changed. (The old title was "Pfaffian formulas in K-theory and the Boson-Fermion Correspondence")
The Zariski-Lefschetz principle for higher homotopy groups of nongeneric pencils
Creators: name: Tibar, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S50, 14F35, 14F45, 53C40, 53C35, 58F05, 32S22

description: We prove a general Zariski-van Kampen-Lefschetz type theorem for higher homotopy groups of generic and nongeneric pencils on singular open complex spaces.
description: 17 p.; based on the Newton Institute preprint NI01029, June 2001
${\cal N}{=}4$ Supersymmetric $d=1$ Sigma Models on Group Manifolds
Creators: name: Delduc, F.
name: Ivanov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q60

description: We construct manifestly ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric off-shell superfield actions for the HKT $d=1$ sigma models on the group manifolds U(2) and SU(3), using the harmonic $d=1$ approach. The underlying $({\bf 4, 4, 0})$ and $({\bf 4, 4, 0})\oplus({\bf 4, 4, 0})$ multiplets are described, respectively, by one and two harmonic analytic superfields $q^+$ satisfying the appropriate nonlinear harmonic constraints. The invariant actions in both cases are bilinear in the superfields. We present the corresponding superfield realizations of the U(2) and SU(3) isometries and show that in fact they are enlarged to the products U(2)$\times$SU(2) and SU(3)$\times$U(2). We prove the corresponding invariances at both the superfield and component levels and present the bosonic $d=1$ sigma model actions, as integral over $t$ in the U(2) case and over $t$ and ${\rm SU}(2)$ harmonics in the SU(3) case. In the U(2) case we also give a detailed comparison with the general harmonic approach to HKT models and establish a correspondence with a particular action of the off-shell nonlinear multiplet $({\bf 3, 4, 1})$. A possible way of generalizing U(2) model to the matrix U($2n$) case is suggested.
description: 0 + 32 pages, some typos corrected in Abstract, eqs. (2.13), (4.19) and (4.36)
Enhanced Mobility With Connectivity and Automation: A Review of Shared Autonomous Vehicle Systems
Creators: name: Zhao, Liuhui
name: Malikopoulos, Andreas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Shared mobility can provide access to transportation on a custom basis without vehicle ownership. The advent of connected and automated vehicle technologies can further enhance the potential benefits of shared mobility systems. Although the implications of a system with shared autonomous vehicles have been investigated, the research reported in the literature has exhibited contradictory outcomes. In this paper, we present a summary of the research efforts in shared autonomous vehicle systems that have been reported in the literature to date and discuss potential future research directions.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, 2020
Non-Vacuum Solutions in Cotton Theory
Creators: name: Hazinedar, Serkan Doruk
name: Heydarzade, Yaghoub
name: Ranjbar, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cotton theory (CT) introduces a higher derivative extension of General Relativity (GR) characterized by third-rank field equations. Recently, key distinctions between CT and GR concerning wave and vacuum solutions have been highlighted in [1, 2]. In this study, two particular non-vacuum solutions of CT are investigated within its Codazzi formulation. The motivation is to reveal how this theory might account for or adapt to the effects of non-vacuum sources, and whether it can provide new insights into the behavior of both singular and regular black holes in astrophysical contexts. It is shown that CT generalizes the Kiselev and Dymnikova solutions in GR. Some aspects of the generalized solutions, in particular concerning singularities, thermodynamics, and geodesics, are addressed in comparison to GR.
description: 23 pages, no figures, typos corrected, matches the published version
Outdoor falls in New Zealand
Creators: name: Curl, Angela
name: Fitt, Helen
name: Dionísio, Rita
name: Tomintz, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: 120506 Transport Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120508 Urban Design

description: Summary of survey results
Evaluation Methods within the LibRank Project
Creators: name: Behnert, Christiane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: information retrieval
library catalog
relevance ranking
evaluation

description: This working paper describes methodological issues that have been determined within the research project LibRank funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG – Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). The final methods applied may slightly differ from the descriptions in this paper, as adjustments to the research design had been made based on results of a pretest and the first evaluation run. Project results will be published elsewhere. This working paper has not been peer-reviewed.
Stability criterion for bright solitary waves of the perturbed cubic-quintic Schroedinger equation
Creators: name: Kapitula, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of the bright solitary wave solution to the perturbed cubic-quintic Schroedinger equation is considered. It is shown that in a certain region of parameter space these solutions are unstable, with the instability being manifested as a small positive eigenvalue. Furthermore, it is shown that in the complimentary region of parameter space there are no small unstable eigenvalues. The proof involves a novel calculation of the Evans function, which is of interest in its own right. As a consequence of the eigenvalue calculation, it is additionally shown that N-bump bright solitary waves bifurcate from the primary wave.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX, submitted; author info at http://www.math.unm.edu/~kapitula
Self-inhibition of HER2 and HER3 at fever temperatures may prevent their hetero-dimerization
Creators: name: Singh, Puneet Kumar
name: Stan, Razvan C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: HER2 and HER3 receptors dimerize into potent pro-oncogenic complexes involved in various aggressive and recurrent tumors. The role of febrile temperatures on the formation of HER2:HER3 complexes is unknown. To this end, molecular dynamics simulations of HER2 and HER3 were performed in the 37 °C–40 °C range. HER2 and ligand-free HER32 display inactive conformers that cannot form complexes at 40 °C, while maintaining their extended conformations able to dimerize in the 37 °C–39 °C range. Thermal therapy at particular fever points may complement existing therapy options for HER2-relevant cancers. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Spontaneous Scaling Emergence in Generic Stochastic Systems
Creators: name: Solomon, S.
name: Levy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a generic class of systems which have previously been shown to spontaneously develop scaling (power law) distributions of their elementary degrees of freedom. While the previous systems were linear and exploded exponentially for certain parameter ranges, the new systems fulfill nonlinear time evolution equations similar to the ones encountered in Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB) dynamics and evolve spontaneously towards "fixed trajectories" indexed by the average value of their degrees of freedom (which corresponds to the SSB order parameter). The "fixed trajectories" dynamics evolves on the edge between explosion and collapse/extinction. The systems present power laws with exponents which in a wide range ($α< -2.$) are universally determined by the ratio between the minimal and the average values of the degrees of freedom. The time fluctuations are governed by Levy distributions of corresponding power. For exponents $α> -2$ there is no "thermodynamic limit" and the fluctuations are dominated by a few, largest degrees of freedom which leads to macroscopic fluctuations, chaos and bursts/intermitency.
description: latex, 11 pages
title: Evaluating the Fate and Behaviour of Nanoparticulate Titanium Dioxide from Sunscreens in Swimming Pools using Advanced Mass Spectrometry Techniques and System Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Heilgeist, Simone N
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: titanium dioxide nanoparticles
subject: aquatic pollution
subject: single particle ICP-MS
subject: System Dynamics modelling

description: Sunscreens are recommended to reduce the harmful effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is the primary cause of human skin cancer. The active ingredients in sunscreens are broadly classified as organic or inorganic UV filters. While organic UV filters have been found to have potential adverse environmental and human health effects, inorganic UV filters such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are considered safer and more sustainable alternatives and are often labelled as "reef-safe." However, the safety of using these UV filters, especially in nanoparticulate form (nano), has not yet been scientifically proven. Although the current market share of inorganic UV filters is small, a rapid increase is expected in the coming years. Therefore, it is essential to confirm that their use in sunscreens is safe. There have been several recent reviews conducted on the toxicity of inorganic UV filters. However, the toxicity of these UV filters to human health and the environment is still controversial. (Eco)toxicologists require a better understanding of the concentration, nature (state and form), and behaviour of inorganic UV filters in diverse environments to interpret toxicity results and design innovative toxicity studies accurately. However, existing analytical techniques cannot adequately determine the fate and behaviour of nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO in various environments, so further advancements or complementary techniques are required to address these shortcomings. Experimental studies provide vital information about the fate and behaviour of nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO under realistic conditions. However, inherently, they are limited in their ability to account for the many interconnected factors in complex environmental systems and usually only capture a snapshot of a situation in time. One solution to these caveats is to use modelling techniques. With the right tools, modellers can test hypotheses, simulate scenarios, and predict outcomes under different conditions. Therefore, this PhD research aims to develop an integrated approach combining experimental and modelling techniques to (1) identify factors influencing the fate and behaviour of nano-TiO2 in aqueous environments, (2) consider interdependencies between identified factors, (3) determine, quantify, and characterise nano-TiO2 from sunscreens in swimming pools, and (4) estimate nano-TiO2 concentration levels in swimming pools over an extended time. [...]