cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and odds of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in North Carolina
Creators: name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Busch, E.L.
name: Zevallos, J.P.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2016

description: Objectives/Hypothesis Exposure to excess gastric acid resulting from gastroesophageal reflux disease, also known as acid reflux or heartburn, might contribute to initiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, particularly laryngeal cancer. Prior epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results. We sought to clarify this relationship using an observational study with a larger available sample size and better-characterized exposure information than most prior studies. Study Design A population-based case-control study of head and neck cancer in North Carolina with 1,340 newly diagnosed cases and 1,378 controls matched on age, race, and sex. Methods We used unconditional logistic regression to examine associations between self-reported heartburn and development of overall head and neck cancer as well as development of cancer at specific tumor sites. Subgroup analysis by smoking and alcoholic drinking status was used to make comparisons with a previous study that used a similar study design. Results Overall, an increased odds of head and neck cancer was not associated with either self-reported history of heartburn symptoms (odds ratio = 0.85; 95% confidence interval 0.68, 1.06) or self-reported medical diagnosis of GERD (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.71, 1.11). These patterns held for specific tumor sites. For laryngopharyngeal cancer, we did not detect any associations regardless of joint smoking and alcoholic drinking status. Conclusion Gastroesophageal reflux does not appear to play a role in development of head and neck cancer.
Open manifolds with non-homeomorphic positively curved souls
Creators: name: González-Álvaro, David
name: Zibrowius, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 57R22

description: We extend two known existence results to simply connected manifolds with positive sectional curvature: we show that there exist pairs of simply connected positively-curved manifolds that are tangentially homotopy equivalent but not homeomorphic, and we deduce that an open manifold may admit a pair of non-homeomorphic simply connected and positively-curved souls. Examples of such pairs are given by explicit pairs of Eschenburg spaces. To deduce the second statement from the first, we extend our earlier work on the stable converse soul question and show that it has a positive answer for a class of spaces that includes all Eschenburg spaces.
description: 19 pages; v2: minor changes, to appear in Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc
Discrimination of enhanced echoes in blind and sighted individuals
Creators: name: Arley  Schenker
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Echolocation, while a useful skill for visually impaired people, is difficult to learn because humans naturally suppress environmental echoes. However, if the echoes are enhanced compared to environmentally normal echoes, they may therefore help to ease echolocation learners into the learning process. Blind and sighted participants discriminated enhanced echoes in two 2-interval forced choice (2IFC) tasks, one testing distance and the other testing left/right localization. We report that blind participants had lower left/right thresholds than sighted participants, while sighted participants had marginally lower distance thresholds than blind participants. As there is a precedent for enhanced spatial hearing in blind individuals in the literature but no such precedent in sighted individuals, we find the distance result surprising. The age and hearing abilities of our participant groups likely contribute to these results, and better-matched groups would allow us to obtain more conclusive data.
Dietary intake of fish, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and survival after breast cancer: A population-based follow-up study on Long Island, New York
Creators: name: He, K.
name: Teitelbaum, S.L.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Bradshaw, P.T.
name: Khankari, N.K.
name: Steck, S.E.
name: Santella, R.M.
name: Neugut, A.I.
name: Ahn, J.
name: Shen, J.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Terry, M.B.
name: Gammon, M.D.
name: Ahsan, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BACKGROUND In laboratory experiments, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been found to reduce inflammatory eicosanoids resulting from ω-6 PUFA metabolism via competitive inhibition, and the ω-3-induced cytotoxic environment increases apoptosis and reduces cell growth in breast cancer cells. To the authors' knowledge, epidemiologic investigations regarding whether dietary ω-3 PUFA intake benefits survival after breast cancer are limited and inconsistent. METHODS The authors used resources from a population-based follow-up study conducted on Long Island, New York, among 1463 women newly diagnosed with first primary breast cancer who were interviewed an average of approximately 3 months after diagnosis to assess risk and prognostic factors, including dietary intake (using a food frequency questionnaire). Vital status was determined through 2011, yielding a median follow-up of 14.7 years and 485 deaths. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS All-cause mortality was reduced among women with breast cancer reporting the highest quartile of intake (compared with never) for tuna (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.92), other baked/broiled fish (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58-0.97), and the dietary long-chain ω-3 PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.92) and eicosapentaenoic acid (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58-0.97). CONCLUSIONS All-cause mortality was reduced by 16% to 34% among women with breast cancer who reported a high intake of fish and long-chain ω-3 PUFAs. Long-chain ω-3 PUFA intake from fish and other dietary sources may provide a potential strategy to improve survival after breast cancer. Cancer 2015;121:2244-2252.
Revisiting the Plasmon Radiation Damping of Gold Nanorods
Creators: name: Yang, Yanhe
name: Ni, Weihai
name: Xie, Hao
name: You, Jian
name: Ye, Weixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noble metal nanoparticles have been utilized for a vast amount of optical applications. For the applications that used metal nanoparticles as nanosensors and optical labeling, larger radiation damping is preferred (higher optical signal). To get a deeper knowledge about the radiation damping of noble metal nanoparticles, we used gold nanorods with different geometry factors (aspect ratios) as the model system to study. We investigated theoretically how the radiation damping of a nanorod depends on the material, and shape of the particle. Surprisingly, a simple analytical equation describes radiation damping very accurately and allow to disentangle the maximal radiation damping parameter for gold nanorod with resonance energy E_res around 1.81 eV (685 nm). We found very good agreement with theoretical predictions and experimental data obtained by single-particle spectroscopy. Our results and approaches may pave the way for designing and optimizing gold nanostructure with higher optical signal and better sensing performance.
Numerical Modeling of the Internal Temperature in the Mammary Gland
Creators: name: Polyakov, M. V.
name: Khoperskov, A. V.
name: Zamechnic, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microwave thermometry method for the diagnosis of breast cancer is based on an analysis of the internal temperature distribution.This paper is devoted to the construction of a mathematical model for increasing the accuracy of measuring the internal temperature of mammary glands, which are regarded as a complex combination of several components, such as fat tissue, muscle tissue, milk lobules, skin, blood flows, tumor tissue. Each of these biocomponents is determined by its own set of physical parameters. Our numerical model is designed to calculate the spatial distributions of the electric microwave field and the temperature inside the biological tissue. We compare the numerical simulations results to the real medical measurements of the internal temperature.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Experimental Precision Tests for the Electroweak Standard Model
Creators: name: Grunewald, Martin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper contains a review of recent precision measurements of electroweak observables and resulting tests of the electroweak Standard Model.
description: 78 pages
Bayesian multinomial probit modeling of daily windows of susceptibility for maternal PM2.5 exposure and congenital heart defects
Creators: name: Herring, A.H.
name: Luben, T.J.
name: Fuentes, M.
name: Stingone, J.A.
name: Botto, L.D.
name: Langlois, P.H.
name: Correa, A.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Aylsworth, A.S.
name: National Birth Defects Prevention Study
name: Warren, J.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Epidemiologic studies suggest that maternal ambient air pollution exposure during critical periods of pregnancy is associated with adverse effects on fetal development. In this work, we introduce new methodology for identifying critical periods of development during post-conception gestational weeks 2–8 where elevated exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) adversely impacts development of the heart. Past studies have focused on highly aggregated temporal levels of exposure during the pregnancy and have failed to account for anatomical similarities between the considered congenital heart defects. We introduce a multinomial probit model in the Bayesian setting that allows for joint identification of susceptible daily periods during pregnancy for 12 types of congenital heart defects with respect to maternal PM2.5 exposure. We apply the model to a dataset of mothers from the National Birth Defect Prevention Study where daily PM2.5 exposures from post-conception gestational weeks 2–8 are assigned using predictions from the downscaler pollution model. This approach is compared with two aggregated exposure models that define exposure as the average value over post-conception gestational weeks 2–8 and the average over individual weeks, respectively. Results suggest an association between increased PM2.5 exposure on post-conception gestational day 53 with the development of pulmonary valve stenosis and exposures during days 50 and 51 with tetralogy of Fallot. Significant associations are masked when using the aggregated exposure models. Simulation study results suggest that the findings are robust to multiple sources of error. The general form of the model allows for different exposures and health outcomes to be considered in future applications.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0068v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0068v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0068v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Discouragement, Gender, and Professional Tennis
Creators: name: Wang, Steven
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Psychologists and economists assert that discouragement plays an important role in determining how individuals respond to adversity. For example, regions with high persistent unemployment are linked with higher numbers of discouraged workers who stop looking for work altogether (Sandmeyer and Larkin, 1970). A study by Dernberg and Strand also found that some groups who may have a harder time obtaining employment, such as women, the very old, and the very young show higher levels of labor discouragement during times of high unemployment (Dernberg and Strand, 1966). Similarly in the realm of education, biases favoring boys in elementary school can lead to discouragement among girls and negatively impact their achievement in middle and high school (Lavy and Sand, 2015). However, less is known about the role of discouragement in high stakes situations with professionals or experts. This paper asks whether professionals in high stakes scenarios are prone to costly discouragement in the context of professional athletic performance.
Deepening the Automated Search for Gödel's Proofs
Creators: name: Conkey, Adam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Gödel's incompleteness theorems establish the stunning result that mathematics cannot be fully formalized and, further, that any formal system containing a modicum of number or set theory cannot establish its own consistency. Wilfried Sieg and Clinton Field, in their paper Automated Search for Gödel's Proofs, presented automated proofs of Gödel's theorems at an abstract axiomatic level; they used an appropriate expansion of the strategic considerations that guide the search of the automated theorem prover AProS. The representability conditions that allow the syntactic notions of the metalanguage to be represented inside the object language were taken as axioms in the automated proofs. The concrete task I am taking on in this project is to extend the search by formally verifying these conditions. Using a formal metatheory defined in the language of binary trees, the syntactic objects of the metatheory lend themselves naturally to a direct encoding in Zermelo's theory of sets. The metatheoretic notions can then be inductively defined and shown to be representable in the object-theory using appropriate inductive arguments. Formal verification of the representability conditions is the first step towards an automated proof thereof which, in turn, brings the automated verification of Gödel's theorems one step closer to completion.
Additional file 1 of Spatiotemporal distribution of potentially toxic elements in the lower Gangetic delta and their implications for non-carcinogenic health risk management
Creators: name: Ghosh, Somdeep
name: Bakshi, Madhurima
name: Mahanty, Shouvik
name: Gaine, Tanushree
name: Bhattacharyya, Subarna
name: Biswas, Jayanta Kumar
name: Chaudhuri, Punarbasu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Analytical procedure, Accuracy and Precision data of Standard Reference Materials of (SRM 1643f). Table S2. Detailed calculation of WQI, risk assessment and HQ. Table S3. Seasonal physicochemical properties of water of river Hooghly (n = 3 for each site and season). Table S4. Seasonal distribution of PTE in river Hooghly (n = 3 for each site and season). Table S5. Pearson’s Correlation analysis between toxic elements in water of river Hooghly (n = 162). Table S6. ANOVA co-efficients of toxic elements between sampling locations in different seasons. Table S7. ANOVA co-efficients of toxic elements in river Hooghly considering three seasons. Table S8. Relative Weight (Wr) of studied water quality parameters.
Racial differences in physical activity among breast cancer survivors: Implications for breast cancer care
Creators: name: Hair, B.Y.
name: Bell, M.B.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Hayes, S.
name: Tse, C.-K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BACKGROUND Physical activity after breast cancer diagnosis is associated with improved survival. The current study examined levels of and changes in physical activity after breast cancer diagnosis, overall and by race. METHODS Phase 3 of the Carolina Breast Cancer Study assessed both pre- and postdiagnosis physical activity levels in a cohort of 1735 women aged 20 years to 74 years who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2008 and 2011 in 44 counties of North Carolina. Logistic regression and analysis of variance were used to examine whether demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were associated with activity levels. RESULTS Only 35% of study participants met current physical activity guidelines after diagnosis with breast cancer. A decrease in activity after diagnosis was reported by 59% of patients, with the average study participant reducing their activity by 15 metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 12 MET hours-19 MET hours). After adjustment for potential confounders, when compared with white women, African American women were less likely to meet national physical activity guidelines after diagnosis (odds ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.01-1.88) and reported less weekly postdiagnosis physical activity (12 MET hours vs 14 MET hours; P = .13). In adjusted stratified analyses, receipt of treatment was found to be significantly associated with postdiagnosis activity in African American women (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Despite compelling evidence demonstrating the benefits of physical activity after a diagnosis of breast cancer, it is clear that more work needs to be done to promote physical activity in patients with breast cancer, especially among African American women.
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515) (11 H 1162), f. 00325
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162), f. 00325, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Best Arm Identification for Contaminated Bandits
Creators: name: Altschuler, Jason
name: Brunel, Victor-Emmanuel
name: Malek, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies active learning in the context of robust statistics. Specifically, we propose a variant of the Best Arm Identification problem for \emph{contaminated bandits}, where each arm pull has probability $\varepsilon$ of generating a sample from an arbitrary contamination distribution instead of the true underlying distribution. The goal is to identify the best (or approximately best) true distribution with high probability, with a secondary goal of providing guarantees on the quality of this distribution. The primary challenge of the contaminated bandit setting is that the true distributions are only partially identifiable, even with infinite samples. To address this, we develop tight, non-asymptotic sample complexity bounds for high-probability estimation of the first two robust moments (median and median absolute deviation) from contaminated samples. These concentration inequalities are the main technical contributions of the paper and may be of independent interest. Using these results, we adapt several classical Best Arm Identification algorithms to the contaminated bandit setting and derive sample complexity upper bounds for our problem. Finally, we provide matching information-theoretic lower bounds on the sample complexity (up to a small logarithmic factor).
description: to appear in Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR)
Inclusive Semileptonic Decays in QCD Including Lepton Mass Effects
Creators: name: Balk, S.
name: Korner, J. G.
name: Pirjol, D.
name: Schilcher, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an Operator Product Expansion in the Heavy Quark Effective Theory up to order 1/m_b^2 we calculate the inclusive semileptonic decays of unpolarized bottom hadrons including lepton mass effects. We calculate the differential decay spectra dΓ/(dE_τ), and the total decay rate for B meson decays to final states containing a τlepton.
description: 16 pages + 4 figs. appended in uuencoded form, LaTeX, MZ-TH/93-32
title: Open Innovation in Schools: A New Imperative for Organising Innovation in Education?
Creators: name: Pietsch, Marcus
name: Cramer, Colin
name: Brown, Chris
name: Aydin, Burak
name: Witthöft, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: Closed innovation
Innovation performance
Knowledge creation
Knowledge mobilisation

description: Schools are considered knowledge-creating organisations that find it difficult to develop and implement innovations on their own. Knowledge mobilisation is seen as the key to overcoming this problem. In particular, the use of external sources of knowledge is regarded as an important lever for change. However, there is a lack of concepts and empirical studies in educational research on the extent to which external knowledge is used for innovation in schools. Based on a sample of N = 411 schools, this article explores whether the concept of open innovation can be used in the context of education. Originating from the field of innovation research, open innovation regimes are seen as imperative if organisations are to create and benefit from technology. Multinomial logistic regression analyses show that mobilising external knowledge significantly increases the likelihood of implementing innovations in schools. A machine-learning approach reveals that it is necessary to tailor open innovation regimes to the specific conditions of any given school. In particular, with regard to the use of new technologies and innovations in the field of digitalisation, open innovation can be a lever for change.
description: Technology, Knowledge and Learning: Learning Mathematics, Science and the Arts in the Context of Digital Technologies, vol. 29, no. 2, p. 1051
Pyrolytic Graphite Sheet, a New Adsorption Substrate for Superfluid Thin Films
Creators: name: Nakamura, Sachiko
name: Miyafuji, Daisuke
name: Toda, Ryo
name: Matsui, Tomohiro
name: Fukuyama, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured surface morphology and gas adsorption characteristics of uncompressed pyrolytic graphite sheet (uPGS) which is a candidate substrate for AC and DC superflow experiments on monolayers of 4He below T = 1 K. The PGS is a mass-produced thin graphite sheet with various thicknesses between 10 and 100 μm. We employed a variety of measuring techniques such as imagings with optical microscope, SEM and STM, Raman spectroscopy, and adsorption isotherm. PGS has smooth and atomically-flat external surfaces with high crystallinity. Although the specific surface area (<0.1 m$^2$/g) is rather small, by making use of its smooth external surface, the thinnest uPGS of 10 μm thick is found to be suitable for the superflow experiments on the strictly two-dimensional helium systems.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics. This is a split paper from arXiv:1704.03204v1
Deconstructing and developing gender: the nonbinary search for identity
Creators: name: Xie, Jasmine
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 200508 Other Literatures in English
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The ways in which open internet access has enabled queer identity formation have changed significantly over the past ten years. Prior to the genesis of widespread, interconnected internet communities, people were restricted to local sources of information - sources that were often dated, biased, and required a physical component of access, whether through another person or through a local library. This localization allows for the disproportionate representation of a few dominant perspectives on queer issues, skewing discourse surrounding the question of what defines queerness, and the closed community can make it difficult for questioning youth to overcome gatekeeping behaviors, such as the holding of queer events in 18+ spaces. The physical component, whether it be a library book or a LGBTQ+ mentor, carries with it the risk of outing - one’s search history is considerably easier to keep hidden than visits to the local GSA. In comparison, with the introduction and widespread acceptance of personal computing devices, youths are able to connect to one another and discover camaraderie through online communities in a way previously unimaginable. Meeting people no longer requires them to live within one’s town, or even one’s country, while even barriers such as language can be easily overcome with translation services. In addition to the ease of finding queer communities, the vast variety of choices means that the chances of finding one that services one’s personal interests is significantly higher - a queer knitting club, while difficult to establish in the offline, can have hundreds of members spread out over North America when organized online. Online often also means anonymous, and while anonymity has been one of the double-edged swords of online interaction, for people just starting to explore their sexual and gender identities, it can often be a way to safely voice their concerns and questions without the repercussions that ‘experimentation’ can have offline. This ability to carry in-depth discussion, unrestricted by issues of embodiment or temporality, has lead to significant amounts of discourse generated about queer issues, one of which includes queer identities. Queer identities - a category whose turbulence can easily be seen in debates over whether LGBT or MOGAI1 or ‘Queer’ are the most inclusive terms - are experiencing a proliferation through the open access that internet-based communications have allowed, and online debates center around the validity and means of creating improved terminology.
Geometry and 2-Hilbert Space for Nonassociative Magnetic Translations
Creators: name: Bunk, Severin
name: Müller, Lukas
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We suggest a geometric approach to quantisation of the twisted Poisson structure underlying the dynamics of charged particles in fields of generic smooth distributions of magnetic charge, and dually of closed strings in locally non-geometric flux backgrounds, which naturally allows for representations of nonassociative magnetic translation operators. We show how one can use the 2-Hilbert space of sections of a bundle gerbe in a putative framework for canonical quantisation. We define a parallel transport on bundle gerbes on $\mathbb{R}^d$ and show that it naturally furnishes weak projective 2-representations of the translation group on this 2-Hilbert space. We obtain a notion of covariant derivative on a bundle gerbe and a novel perspective on the fake curvature condition.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure; v2: exposition improved, references added; Final version to be published in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Additional file 1 of Nanotechnology in emerging liquid biopsy applications
Creators: name: Kalogianni, Despina P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Magnetic field evolution in neutron stars
Creators: name: Reisenegger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars contain persistent, ordered magnetic fields that are the strongest known in the Universe. However, their magnetic fluxes are similar to those in magnetic A and B stars and white dwarfs, suggesting that flux conservation during gravitational collapse may play an important role in establishing the field, although it might also be modified substantially by early convection, differential rotation, and magnetic instabilities. The equilibrium field configuration, established within hours (at most) of the formation of the star, is likely to be roughly axisymmetric, involving both poloidal and toroidal components. The stable stratification of the neutron star matter (due to its radial composition gradient) probably plays a crucial role in holding this magnetic structure inside the star. The field can evolve on long time scales by processes that overcome the stable stratification, such as weak interactions changing the relative abundances and ambipolar diffusion of charged particles with respect to neutrons. These processes become more effective for stronger magnetic fields, thus naturally explaining the magnetic energy dissipation expected in magnetars, at the same time as the longer-lived, weaker fields in classical and millisecond pulsars.
description: To appear in Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes) as part of the Proceedings of the 5th Potsdam Thinkshop, "Meridional Circulation, Differential Rotation, Solar and Stellar Activity", held 2007 June 24-29. 5 pages, no figures
Sequence variants and the risk of head and neck cancer: Pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium
Creators: name: Mahimkar, M.B.
name: Brennan, P.
name: Hashibe, M.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Metspalu, A.
name: Holcatova, I.
name: Boffetta, P.
name: Chuang, S.-C.
name: Conway, D.I.
name: Merletti, F.
name: Talamini, R.
name: Ahrens, W.
name: Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N.
name: Lazarus, P.
name: Matsuo, K.
name: Sturgis, E.M.
name: Thomson, P.
name: Chen, C.
name: Benhamou, S.
name: Macfarlane, T.V.
name: Agudo, A.
name: Wei, Q.
name: Healy, C.M.
name: Ramroth, H.
name: Boccia, S.
name: Anantharaman, D.
name: Schwartz, S.M.
name: Rudnai, P.
name: Lagiou, P.
name: Purdue, M.
name: Simonato, L.
name: Muscat, J.
name: Fabianova, E.
name: Zaridze, D.
name: Hayes, R.B.
name: Smith, E.M.
name: Morgenstern, H.
name: Mates, D.
name: Znaor, A.
name: Zhang, Z.-F.
name: Kjaerheim, K.
name: Cadoni, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Previous molecular epidemiological studies on head and neck cancer have examined various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but there are very few documented associations. In the International head and neck cancer epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium, we evaluated associations between SNPs in the metabolism, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways and the risk of head and neck cancer. We analyzed individual-level pooled data from 14 European, North American, Central American, and Asia case-control studies (5,915 head and neck cancer cases and 10,644 controls) participating in the INHANCE consortium. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for SNP effects, adjusting for age, sex, race, and country. We observed an association between head and neck cancer risk and MGMT Leu84Phe heterozygotes (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.68-0.93), XRCC1 Arg194Trp homozygotes Arg/Arg (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.1-4.7), ADH1B Arg48His homozygotes Arg/Arg (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.9-4.0), ADH1C Ile350Val homozygotes Ile/Ile (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4), and the GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.0-1.2). Among these results, MGMT Leu84Phe, ADH1B Arg48His, ADH1C Ile350Arg, and the GSTM1 null genotype had fairly low false positive report probabilities (<20%). We observed associations between ADH1B Arg48His, ADH1C Ile350Arg, and GSTM1 null genotype and head and neck cancer risk. No functional study currently supports the observed association for MGMT Leu84Phe, and the association with XRCC1 Arg194Trp may be a chance finding.
The assembly bias of dark matter haloes to higher orders
Creators: name: Angulo, R. E.
name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Lacey, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an extremely large volume ($2.4h^{-3}{\rm Gpc}^{3}$), high resolution N-body simulation to measure the higher order clustering of dark matter haloes as a function of mass and internal structure. As a result of the large simulation volume and the use of a novel ``cross-moment'' counts-in-cells technique which suppresses discreteness noise, we are able to measure the clustering of haloes corresponding to rarer peaks than was possible in previous studies; the rarest haloes for which we measure the variance are 100 times more clustered than the dark matter. We are able to extract, for the first time, halo bias parameters from linear up to fourth order. For all orders measured, we find that the bias parameters are a strong function of mass for haloes more massive than the characteristic mass $M_{*}$. Currently, no theoretical model is able to reproduce this mass dependence closely. We find that the bias parameters also depend on the internal structure of the halo up to fourth order. For haloes more massive than $M_{*}$, we find that the more concentrated haloes are more weakly clustered than the less concentrated ones. We see no dependence of clustering on concentration for haloes with masses $M
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Published version
title: Open innovation networks: a driver for knowledge mobilisation in schools?
Creators: name: Pietsch, Marcus
name: Brown, Chris
name: Aydin, Burak
name: Cramer, Colin
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Innovation
Innovation Networks
Latent Profile Analysis

description: Purpose In organisational and innovation research, the term “open innovation” refers to the inflow and outflow of knowledge to and from organisations: with open innovation theory suggesting active exchanges of knowledge with external actors leads to the development of exploitable new ideas. In the field of education, however, the exchange of knowledge with external parties represents a paradigm shift. In response, this article presents findings from research design to explore the nature and composition of school innovation networks, and the effects of such these networks on knowledge mobilisation. Design/methodology/approach The study draws on data from a representative random sample of 411 German school leaders. Respondents were asked to detail their engagement in open and closed innovation activity and their school's external collaborations during the last 12 months. A latent class distal outcome model was developed to examine whether different types of collaboration associate with different knowledge mobilisation processes. Findings The study findings suggest that schools in Germany mainly use internal knowledge for innovation, with external knowledge exchange taking place on a very limited basis. Knowledge mobilisation varies depending on the innovation network. The authors use the findings to indicate new insights for how schools can further innovate learning and teaching in future. Originality/value Although there is increasing discussion on Professional Learning Networks in schools, the discourse on knowledge mobilisation within educational networks is limited, making concept of open innovation so far completely absent from discourses on school improvement. This paper initiates the population of this new research space.
description: Journal of Professional Capital and Community,, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 202
Discontinuous Transitions Towards Vortex Condensates in Buoyancy-Driven Rotating Turbulence
Creators: name: de Wit, Xander M.
name: Guzmán, Andrés J. Aguirre
name: Clercx, Herman J. H.
name: Kunnen, Rudie P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using direct numerical simulations of rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection, we explore the transitions between turbulent states from a 3D flow state towards a quasi-2D condensate known as the large-scale vortex (LSV). We vary the Rayleigh number $Ra$ as control parameter and study the system response (strength of the LSV) in terms of order parameters assessing the energetic content in the flow and the upscale energy flux. By sensitively probing the boundaries of the region of existence of the LSV in parameter space, we find discontinuous transitions and we identify the presence of a hysteresis loop as well as memoryless abrupt growth dynamics. We show furthermore that the creation of the condensate state coincides with a discontinuous transition of the energy transport into the largest mode of the system.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Evolución de las opiniones estudiantiles sobre el ciberaprendizaje en la carrera de obstetriciaEvolution of student opinions on cyber-learning in the obstetrics career
Creators: name: Vasco-Morales, Santiago
name: Toapanta Pinta, Paola
name: Rosero-Quintana, Mercy Dolores
name: CESPEDES-GRANDA, SARA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 420401
subject: Clinical midwifery

description: During the COVID-19 lockdown, educational institutions implemented online learning, revealing that some university teachers and students were not prepared for this transition. Additionally, students were unable to attend clinical preceptorship in healthcare settings. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of agreement-disagreement levels among obstetrics students with virtual learning and identify variables that can predict changes in opinion.
title: A Deep Radio Survey of Abell 2125. II. Accelerated Galaxy Evolution during a Cluster-Cluster Merger
Creators: name: Owen, FN
name: Ledlow, MJ
name: Keel, WC
name: Wang, QD
name: Morrison, GE
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: individual (Abell 2125); galaxies: elliptical and lenticular
subject: cD; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/129/1/31/
description: Using our extensive radio, optical, near-IR, and X-ray imaging and spectroscopy, we consider the reason for the unusually large number of radio-detected galaxies, mostly found outside the cluster core, in Abell 2125 (z = 0.2465, richness class 4). With 20 cm VLA data, we detect continuum emission from 90 cluster members. The multiwavelength properties of these galaxies suggest that most of the radio emission is due to an enhanced star formation rate. The recent dynamical study of Miller et al. suggests that A2125 is undergoing a major cluster-cluster merger, with our view within 30° of the merger axis and within 0.2 Gyr of core passage. The combination of projection effects and the physical processes at work during this special time in the cluster's evolution seem likely to be responsible for the unusual level of activity we see in the cluster. We argue that tidal effects on individual cluster members, often far from the cluster core, are responsible for the increased star formation. Our results are consistent with the idea that disk galaxies during this phase of a cluster's evolution undergo rapid evolution through a burst of star formation on their way to becoming S0 galaxies.
Day care, childhood infections, and risk of neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Pollock, B.H.
name: Menegaux, F.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Bondy, M.L.
name: Neglia, J.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in infants worldwide, but little is known about its etiology. Infectious etiologies involving the immune system have been hypothesized for some childhood cancers, especially leukemia, but the role of infectious agents in neuroblastoma has not been fully investigated. The authors used data from a large case-control study conducted by the Children's Oncology Group in the United States and Canada in 1992-1994 to investigate whether there was any relation among day-care attendance, childhood infections, allergies, and neuroblastoma. They interviewed mothers of 538 case children and 504 age-matched control children by telephone about several factors, including pregnancy, medical history, lifestyle, and childhood medical conditions and exposures. The results suggested decreased risks associated with day-care attendance (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56, 1.17), childhood infectious diseases (chickenpox, mumps, red measles, and German measles) (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.93), and allergies (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.07). The authors found reduced neuroblastoma risk associated with markers of potential childhood infections. This suggests a possible role of infectious agents in neuroblastoma etiology. Future epidemiologic studies should incorporate more direct data on infection.
Pregnancy-related fibroid reduction
Creators: name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Hartmann, K.E.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Savitz, D.A.
name: Fielding, J.R.
name: Laughlin, S.K.
name: Baird, D.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We tested the hypothesis that the protective effect of parity on fibroids is due to direct pregnancy-related effects by following women from early pregnancy to postpartum period with ultrasound. Of 171 women with one initial fibroid, 36% had no identifiable fibroid at the time of postpartum ultrasound, and 79% of the remaining fibroids decreased in size.
Cultural Influences and New Programs Affecting Women in Technology
Creators: name: Shah, Pooja
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As technology becomes more prevalent in our daily lives, the technical job field continues to grow. However, women still hold only a small percentage of these technical jobs. What is the reason for this occurrence? What cultural and social influences do women face that hinders them from opting for technology? These are precisely the questions that are answered with the thesis, titled, “Cultural Influences and New Programs Affecting Women in Technology.” This thesis was an empirical based research project comprised of multiple methodologies. Survey questions were sent to various women in different technical majors attending Carnegie Mellon University. A total of 37 women responded to the survey, out of which 10 volunteered to participate in follow up interviews. After analyzing this data, it was discovered that women are typically influenced by two major factors: family and teacher experiences. For instance, if a parent is in technology, most girls receive exposure to computers very early on and thus, may become interested in the field. Moreover, if teachers are unbiased and display enthusiasm for technology, women may feel more encouraged to pursue technical fields. The thesis demonstrates that a women’s selection of a technical degree of study is not due to innate gender qualities, but rather due to social influences related to the type of exposure to computers received.
Priorities for development of research methods in occupational cancer.
Creators: name: Zahm, S.H.
name: Kedderis, G.L.
name: Butler, M.A.
name: Hubbs, A.F.
name: Karstadt, M.
name: Melnick, R.
name: Rothman, N.
name: Brandt-Rauf, P.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Stewart, P.
name: Ward, E.M.
name: Bayard, S.
name: Dankovic, D.
name: Jones, C.
name: Sprinker, M.
name: Toraason, M.
name: Redlich, C.A.
name: Schulte, P.A.
name: Weston, A.
name: Savage, R.E.
name: Blair, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Occupational cancer research methods was identified in 1996 as 1 of 21 priority research areas in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). To implement NORA, teams of experts from various sectors were formed and given the charge to further define research needs and develop strategies to enhance or augment research in each priority area. This article is a product of that process. Focus on occupational cancer research methods is important both because occupational factors play a significant role in a number of cancers, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality, and also because occupational cohorts (because of higher exposure levels) often provide unique opportunities to evaluate health effects of environmental toxicants and understand the carcinogenic process in humans. Despite an explosion of new methods for cancer research in general, these have not been widely applied to occupational cancer research. In this article we identify needs and gaps in occupational cancer research methods in four broad areas: identification of occupational carcinogens, design of epidemiologic studies, risk assessment, and primary and secondary prevention. Progress in occupational cancer will require interdisciplinary research involving epidemiologists, industrial hygienists, toxicologists, and molecular biologists.