cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: On the treatment of EEG in the diagnosis of epilepsy in children and adults
Creators: name: Egorova, E.A.
name: Lisitsyn, A.S.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The method relates to medicine, namely to neurology, and is designed to identify the peak-wave complex in the EEG. For this purpose, the stochastic resonance effect in nonlinear systems is used in the analysis of the record. At the same time, the components of the main frequency are isolated from the EEG output signal by filtering. A Delta-correlated Gaussian noise of a given intensity is then added to the selected signal. When the total signal crosses the specified upper and lower threshold levels, a pulse of the standard form is generated. Next, the intervals between pulses for both thresholds are monitored. The density graphs of the inter-pulse intervals are plotted on a logarithmic scale to determine the peak-wave complex. The method allows to increase the accuracy of recognition of the peak-wave complex in the study of spontaneous EEG, as well as to subject the received signals to mathematical processing.
Nonlocalized Clustering: A New Concept in Nuclear Cluster Structure Physics
Creators: name: Zhou, Bo
name: Funaki, Y.
name: Horiuchi, H.
name: Ren, Zhongzhou
name: Röpke, G.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Tohsaki, A.
name: Xu, Chang
name: Yamada, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the $α$+\oo\ cluster structure in the inversion-doublet band ($K^π=0_{1}^\pm$) states of \nene\ with an angular-momentum-projected version of the Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Röpke (THSR) wave function, which was successful "in its original form" for the description of, e.g., the famous Hoyle state. In contrast with the traditional view on clusters as localized objects, especially in inversion doublets, we find that these {\it single} THSR wave functions, which are based on the concept of nonlocalized clustering, can well describe the $K^π=0_1^-$ band and the $K^π=0_1^+$ band. For instance, they have 99.98% and 99.87% squared overlaps for $1^-$ and $3^- $ states (99.29%, 98.79% and 97.75% for $0^+, 2^+$ and $4^+$ states), respectively, with the corresponding exact solution of the $α$+\oo\ resonating group method. These astounding results shed a completely new light on the physics of low energy nuclear cluster states in nuclei: The clusters are nonlocalized and move around in the whole nuclear volume, only avoiding mutual overlap due to the Pauli blocking effect.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Published in PRL
title: Formation of ranges of variables of expert system using decision tree
Creators: name: Serobabov, A.S.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The article deals with the problem of classification of the disease stage in the expert system according to the input laboratory parameters of the patient. The preliminary stages of data preparation for decision tree construction are described. An algorithm for constructing a binary tree is implemented, where the assessment of the quality of the model is made with the help of the Shannon information measure. As a result, a tree of rules for classification of the disease stage by the input parameters of the system is obtained.
Planning Interactive Hybrid Special Events That Actively Connect and Engage Online and In-Person Attendees Together
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
name: Folk, Krystal
name: Thompson, Melissa M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social work education
Web-based instruction
Distance education students
Distance education--Social aspects

description: These are the slides from a conference presentation for The Learning Ideas Conference, June 14, 2021. Link to the conference website: https://www.learningideasconf.org/ Session abstract: Columbia University’s School of Social Work launched an Online Campus in 2015, offering a fully online Master’s of Science in Social Work degree. With this launch, the Online Campus needed to develop ways to incorporate virtual attendees into on-campus events so that online students could join from across the country. For many events, on-campus speakers and workshops were simultaneously streamed online, with virtual attendees participating via the chat and a host conveying questions and comments to the speakers. However, for special events, including graduation receptions and an award reception, the administration created hybrid elements to actively connect the virtual and in-person attendees and engage them together. Examples how this was done include setting up computer stations where in-person attendees could talk via mic and webcam with virtual attendees without the audio being projected across the event, projecting virtual attendees’ webcams onto large screens to include them in group photos, designating a virtual host/emcee for the virtual attendees partnered with an in-person host, and mailing the virtual attendees certificates and event materials. As the world begins to slowly transition away from pandemic-related restrictions on travel and gatherings, organizations may want to host these types of special events that include both virtual and in-person attendees; these types of events can also be inclusive of participants who experience difficulty traveling to in-person special events due to health, ability, or cost issues. In this session, the presenters will share CSSW’s experiences and provide lessons learned and advice for educational institutions and workplaces planning these types of hybrid special events. Applications for learning organizations include celebratory culminating events for course completion, receptions for special guest speakers, networking sessions at conferences, showcase events, and more. Thank you to our colleagues Kristiana Reyes, Nykchasia Scott, Mashura Akilova, Elisabeth Counselman Carpenter, and Zuleka Henderson for contributing quotes with their perspectives on this type of hybrid special event.
title: The system for detecting vacant parking spaces using machine learning algorithms
Creators: name: Zenkin, A.M.
name: Kosareva, E.A.
name: Kirilenko, I.I.
name: Selezneva, Ya.M.
name: Kapitonov, А.А.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The paper considers the problem of finding a free parking space. Finding an empty parking space in the city center is a big problem for drivers, as it is a very tedious process that takes a lot of time. There are many solutions to this problem, but such systems are either highly expensive or not universal. In this paper we use an approach based on Mask R-CNN and InceptionV3 convolution neural networks. The method we propose demonstrates high accuracy, robustness and versatility.
Fritz Hasenohrl and E = mc^2
Creators: name: Boughn, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1904, the year before Einstein's seminal papers on special relativity, Austrian physicist Fritz Hasenohrl examined the properties of blackbody radiation in a moving cavity. He calculated the work necessary to keep the cavity moving at a constant velocity as it fills with radiation and concluded that the radiation energy has associated with it an apparent mass such that E = 3/8 mc^2. Also in 1904, Hasenohrl achieved the same result by computing the force necessary to accelerate a cavity already filled with radiation. In early 1905, he corrected the latter result to E = 3/4 mc^2. In this paper, Hasenohrl's papers are examined from a modern, relativistic point of view in an attempt to understand where he went wrong. The primary mistake in his first paper was, ironically, that he didn't account for the loss of mass of the blackbody end caps as they radiate energy into the cavity. However, even taking this into account one concludes that blackbody radiation has a mass equivalent of m = 4/3 E/c^2 or m = 5/3 E/c^2 depending on whether one equates the momentum or kinetic energy of radiation to the momentum or kinetic energy of an equivalent mass. In his second and third papers that deal with an accelerated cavity, Hasenohrl concluded that the mass associated with blackbody radiation is m = 4/3 E/c^2, a result which, within the restricted context of Hasenohrl's gedanken experiment, is actually consistent with special relativity. Both of these problems are non-trivial and the surprising results, indeed, turn out to be relevant to the "4/3 problem" in classical models of the electron. An important lesson of these analyses is that E = mc^2, while extremely useful, is not a "law of physics" in the sense that it ought not be applied indiscriminately to any extended system and, in particular, to the subsystems from which they are comprised.
The effectiveness of Darwin's cyclone warning system
Creators: name: Irwin, Fiona
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1979
Subjects: Cyclones
Australia
Darwin (N.T.)
Natural disaster warning systems
Cyclone forecasting

description: In the past decade the Australian community has suffered from a series of major natural disasters, which include Cyclone Althea (1971), the Brisbane floods (1974) and Cyclone Tracy (1974). Such unpredictable and infrequent events have increased society's awareness of the impact of natural hazards on the well-being of the community.
3D Hand Shape and Pose Estimation
Creators: name: Kaviani, Samira
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: We study the problem of 3D hand shape and pose estimation from monocular RGB images. Recent studies have shown that single-view 3D hand pose estimation is challenging due to depth ambiguity, environmental conditions, object-occlusion, and self-occlusion. Further, acquiring 3D annotations for datasets requires significant efforts. In this research, towards solving these challenges, we propose some contributions. First, we address the problem of estimating the 3D hand shape and pose in a video dataset given only sparsely annotated frames. We propose label propagation to propagate 3D annotations from labelled frames to nearby unlabelled frames. Next, we address the problem of probabilistic 3D hand shape and pose estimation. Most existing works only estimate a unique solution for a 2D observation and ignore depth and occlusion ambiguities. In contrast, we learn a probability distribution over the hand parameters to generate multiple hypotheses for a given 2D observation.
title: Determination of geometric parameters of hardening zones during laser hardening of steel
Creators: name: Biryukov, V.P.
name: Sokolov, S.N.
name: Savin, A.P.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The work is devoted to the study of the influence of laser hardening modes of diode laser on the geometric parameters of the hardening zones, micro-hardness of the hardened layers. The regression equations are used to construct surfaces showing the mutual influence of the processing power and speed on the depth and width of the laser hardening zones. The results of calculations can significantly reduce the time in the development of new technologies for laser hardening of parts made of structural steels.
Saturated symmetric nuclear matter in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Diener, J. P. W.
name: Scholtz, F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly magnetized symmetric nuclear matter is investigated within the context of effective baryon-meson exchange models. The magnetic field is coupled to the charge as well as the dipole moment of the baryons by including the appropriate terms in the Lagrangian density. The saturation density of magnetized, symmetric nuclear matter was calculated for magnetic fields of the order of 10^17 gauss. For the calculated range of saturation densities the binding energy, symmetry energy coefficient and compressibility of nuclear matter were also calculated. It is found that with an increasing magnetic field the saturation density increases, while the system becomes less bound. Furthermore, the depopulation of proton Landau levels leaves a distinct fluctuating imprint on the symmetry energy coefficient and compressibility. The calculations were also performed for increased values of the baryon magnetic dipole moment. By increasing the dipole moment strength the saturation density is found to decrease, but the system becomes more tightly bound while the fluctuations in the symmetry energy coefficient and compressibility persist.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Production cross sections from 82Se fragmentation as indications of shell effects in neutron-rich isotopes close to the drip-line
Creators: name: Tarasov, O. B.
name: Portillo, M.
name: Morrissey, D. J.
name: Amthor, A. M.
name: Bandura, L.
name: Baumann, T.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Berryman, J. S.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Chubarian, G.
name: Fukuda, N.
name: Gade, A.
name: Ginter, T. N.
name: Hausmann, M.
name: Inabe, N.
name: Kubo, T.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Sherrill, B. M.
name: Stolz, A.
name: Sumithrarachichi, C.
name: Thoennessen, M.
name: Weisshaar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production cross sections for neutron-rich nuclei from the fragmentation of a 82Se beam at 139 MeV/u were measured. The longitudinal momentum distributions of 126 neutron-rich isotopes of elements 11 <= Z <= 32 were scanned using an experimental approach of varying the target thickness. Production cross sections with beryllium and tungsten targets were determined for a large number of nuclei including several isotopes first observed in this work. These are the most neutron-rich nuclides of the elements 22 <= Z <= 25 (64Ti, 67V, 69Cr, 72Mn). One event was registered consistent with 70Cr, and another one with 75Fe. The production cross sections are correlated with Qg systematics to reveal trends in the data. The results presented here confirm our previous result from a similar measurement using a 76Ge beam, and can be explained with a shell model that predicts a subshell closure at N = 34 around Z = 20. This is demonstrated by systematic trends and calculations with the Abrasion-Ablation model that are sensitive to separation energies.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted to Phys.Rev.C
Generating Explanations for Chest Medical Scan Pneumonia Predictions
Creators: name: Qian, Samson
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease)
Chest--Diseases--Diagnosis
Artificial intelligence
Pneumonia

description: With the spread of COVID-19, significantly more patients have required medical diagnosis to determine whether they are a carrier of the virus. COVID-19 can lead to the development of pneumonia in the lungs, which can be captured in X-Ray and CT scans of the patient's chest. The abundance of X-Ray and CT image data available can be used to develop a high-performing computer vision model able to identify and classify instances of pneumonia present in medical scans. Predictions made by these deep learning models can increase the confidence of diagnoses made by analyzing minute features present in scans exhibiting COVID-19 pneumonia, often unnoticeable to the human eye. Furthermore, rather than teaching clinicians about the mathematics behind deep learning and heat maps, we introduce novel methods of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) with the goal to annotate instances of pneumonia in medical scans exactly as radiologists do to inform other radiologists, clinicians, and interns about patterns and findings. This project explores methods to train and optimize state-of-the-art deep learning models on COVID-19 pneumonia medical scans and apply explainability algorithms to generate annotated explanations of model predictions that are useful to clinicians and radiologists in analyzing these images.
Wagnerian Singing and the Limits of Vocal Pedagogy
Creators: name: Parr, Sean M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Opera
Singing--Instruction and study
Singers
Music--Instruction and study
Singing--Breath control

description: This article explores how singing became “Wagnerian” after Wagner’s death in 1883. Common perceptions of Wagnerian singing center on its sheer volume, its muscular and heroic tone. Interestingly, the last century of Wagnerian singing has been shaped by a school of singing defined not by theories of resonance and phonation, but by the disciplining of the breathing body. In arguing that certain ideas of singing technique adapted to and then defined this Wagnerian ideal, the essay demonstrates that the “work” of the operatic singer involves much more than having “a voice.” In doing so, the article opens up a new space for considering Wagnerian singing, a topic neglected in scholarly literature. More generally, it also builds on recent scholarship that has begun to explore the voice in all its material realities and pedagogy as a crucial site of the construction of sonic ideals.
Inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) prevents sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by improving calcium handling and mitochondrial function
Creators: name: Joseph, Leroy C.
name: Kokkinaki, Dimitra
name: Valenti, Mesele-Christina
name: Kim, Grace J.
name: Barca, Emanuele
name: Tomar, Dhanendra
name: Hoffman, Nicholas E.
name: Subramanyam, Prakash
name: Colecraft, Henry M.
name: Hirano, Michio
name: Ratner, Adam Jonathan
name: Madesh, Muniswamy
name: Drosatos, Konstantinos
name: Morrow, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cardiology
Myocardium--Diseases
Medicine
Septicemia
NAD(P)H dehydrogenases
Mitochondrial pathology

description: Cardiomyopathy frequently complicates sepsis and is associated with increased mortality. Increased cardiac oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been observed during sepsis, but the mechanisms responsible for these abnormalities have not been determined. We hypothesized that NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation could be responsible for sepsis-induced oxidative stress and cardiomyopathy. Treatment of isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes with low concentrations of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide. Elevated mitochondrial superoxide was accompanied by depolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane potential, an indication of mitochondrial dysfunction, and mitochondrial calcium overload. NOX2 inhibition decreased LPS-induced superoxide and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction. Further, cardiomyocytes from mice with genetic ablation of NOX2 did not have LPS-induced superoxide or mitochondrial dysfunction. LPS decreased contractility and calcium transient amplitude in isolated cardiomyocytes, and these abnormalities were prevented by inhibition of NOX2. LPS decreased systolic function in mice, measured by echocardiography. NOX2 inhibition was cardioprotective in 2 mouse models of sepsis, preserving systolic function after LPS injection or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). These data show that inhibition of NOX2 decreases oxidative stress, preserves intracellular calcium handling and mitochondrial function, and alleviates sepsis-induced systolic dysfunction in vivo. Thus, NOX2 is a potential target for pharmacotherapy of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Quantum algorithm for large-scale market equilibrium computation
Creators: name: Huang, Po-Wei
name: Rebentrost, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classical algorithms for market equilibrium computation such as proportional response dynamics face scalability issues with Internet-based applications such as auctions, recommender systems, and fair division, despite having an almost linear runtime in terms of the product of buyers and goods. In this work, we provide the first quantum algorithm for market equilibrium computation with sub-linear performance. Our algorithm provides a polynomial runtime speedup in terms of the product of the number of buyers and goods while reaching the same optimization objective value as the classical algorithm. Numerical simulations of a system with 16384 buyers and goods support our theoretical results that our quantum algorithm provides a significant speedup.
description: Updated to match published version; 15+8 pages, 1 figure
Electrically generated surface plasmons by electroluminescence of individual carbon nanotube field effect transistor
Creators: name: Rai, Padmnabh
name: Hartmann, Nicolai
name: Berthelot, Johann
name: Arocas, Juan
name: Francs, Gérard Colas des
name: Hartschuh, Achim
name: Bouhelier, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the realization of an electrically-driven integrated source of surface plasmon polaritons. Light-emitting individual single-walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors were fabricated in a plasmonic-ready platform. The devices were operated at ambient condition to act as an electroluminescence source localized near the contacting gold electrodes. We show that photon emission from the semiconducting channel can couple to propagating surface plasmons developing in the electrical terminals. Momentum-space spectroscopy suggests that excited plasmon modes are bound to the metal-glass interface. Our results underline the high degree of compatibility between state-of-the art nano-optoelectronic devices and plasmonic architectures.
description: 11 Pages, 4 figures
Reference ability neural networks and behavioral performance across the adult life span
Creators: name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Eich, Teal
name: Razlighi, Ray
name: Gazes, Yunglin
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Brain--Aging
Cognition
Neural networks (Neurobiology)
Principal components analysis

description: To better understand the impact of aging, along with other demographic and brain health variables, on the neural networks that support different aspects of cognitive performance, we applied a brute-force search technique based on Principal Components Analysis to derive 4 corresponding spatial covariance patterns (termed Reference Ability Neural Networks –RANNs) from a large sample of participants across the age range. 255 clinically healthy, community-dwelling adults, aged 20–77, underwent fMRI while performing 12 tasks, 3 tasks for each of the following cognitive reference abilities: Episodic Memory, Reasoning, Perceptual Speed, and Vocabulary. The derived RANNs (1) showed selective activation to their specific cognitive domain and (2) correlated with behavioral performance. Quasi out-of-sample replication with Monte-Carlo 5-fold cross validation was built into our approach, and all patterns indicated their corresponding reference ability and predicted performance in held-out data to a degree significantly greater than chance level. RANN-pattern expression for Episodic Memory, Reasoning and Vocabulary were associated selectively with age, while the pattern for Perceptual Speed showed no such age-related influences. For each participant we also looked at residual activity unaccounted for by the RANN-pattern derived for the cognitive reference ability. Higher residual activity was associated with poorer brain-structural health and older age, but –apart from Vocabulary-not with cognitive performance, indicating that older participants with worse brain-structural health might recruit alternative neural resources to maintain performance levels.
Side forces resulting from forward-facing steps and injection through a slot in a supersonic flow
Creators: name: Cooper, Wayne Robert
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The pressure fields in front of steps and slot injections in a turbulent boundary layer were studied in an attempt to determine scaling parameters for the resulting side forces. Step and injection data of several experimenters, along with injection data taken by the author, were analyzed to determine the nature of the flow field. Observations of these studies and simplified theories led to simple dependence of the pressure field upon the variables and parameters of the flow. The step height was found to be a linear scaling parameter for the pressure field between separation and the step, and an equivalent step height with the same scaling quality was found for the injection data. A simple Mach number parameter was developed and found to be suitable for scaling the magnitude of the pressures. A graphical method based on observations of the character of the flow field was used to determine the point of separation for the injection data. The scaling parameters were applied to nitrogen and helium injection data taken at free stream Mach numbers of 2.56, 2.61, and 3.5 . The results indicate that the pressure field, and hence the side force, can be suitably scaled by use of the simple parameters developed here.
Physics design for the C-ADS main linac basing on two different injector design schemes
Creators: name: Yan, Fang
name: Li, Zhi-Hui
name: Meng, Cai
name: Tang, Jing-Yu
name: Sun, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The China ADS (C-ADS) project is proposed to build a 1000 MW Accelerator Driven sub-critical System around 2032. The accelerator will work in CW mode with 10 mA in beam current and 1.5 GeV in final beam energy. The linac is composed of two major sections: the injector section and the main linac section. There are two different schemes for the injector section. The Injector-I scheme is based on a 325-MHz RFQ and superconducting spoke cavities of same RF frequency and the Injector-II scheme is based on a 162.5-MHz RFQ and superconducting HWR cavities of same frequency. The main linac design will be different for different injector choice. The two different designs for the main linac have been studied according to the beam characteristics from the different injector schemes.
description: 7pages,17 figures, The paper is submitted to "Chinese Physics C"
Human Mobility Patterns Linked to COVID-19 Prone Locations
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Aditya
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease)
Smartphones
Urban density

description: Since the onset of COVID-19 in late 2019, the virus has affected human mobility and the economy in many ways. Countries closed their borders to non-essential travelers, some cities had to quarantine, and many businesses had to shut down and pivot to online customer interactions (the feasibility was largely dependent on a business’s sector: the hospitality industry versus the technology industry). These all contributed to unprecedented numbers of people losing their jobs and sharp contractions in economies worldwide––on top of 2.69 million people who have died of COVID-19 as of March 19th, 2021. During this time, researchers have focused their attention on assisting the broader community by releasing findings and developing projects to expand our knowledge on various aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of beginning economic recovery, an important question for researchers is how to identify when it is safe to reopen businesses and other places of gathering.
Authoring and Publishing in the Age of Manuscripts: the Columbia University Copy of an Ottoman Compendium of Sciences with Marginal Glossing
Creators: name: Şen, A. Tunç
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Manuscripts
Publications
Islamic civilization--Manuscripts
Paratext
Classification of sciences

description: This study examines an early-seventeenth century copy of a popular book in Ottoman Turkish originally composed by Nevʿī Efendi (d. 1599) in the early 1570s. With around 150 extant copies available in almost every major Islamic manuscript collection across the world, Nevʿī Efendi's compendium, or the "fruits," of sciences (Netāyicü'l-fünūn) deserves to be called an early modern bestseller among the Ottoman reading public. The particular copy of the work located at Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library (Or. 360) is a notable one with numerous minhu records (i.e., marginal glosses one could trace back to the author) written in Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, and Persian. In this article, besides situating Nevʿī Efendi's work in the broader genre of taṣnīf al-ʿulūm (classification of sciences) in the Ottoman as well as the broader Islamicate realm of learning, I will pay closer attention to discussing the minhu notes that present intriguing insights into the questions of what a published work meant in the age of manuscripts, and how the continuous interventions on the text made by the author, and possibly by the copyists and readers, enrich as well as shuffle the "authentic" contents of the "published" version.
Galactic cluster winds in presence of a dark energy
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
name: Merafina, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a solution for the hydrodynamic outflow of the polytropic gas from the gravitating center, in presence of the uniform Dark Energy (DE). The antigravity of DE is enlightening the outflow and make the outflow possible at smaller initial temperature, at the same density. The main property of the wind in presence of DE is its unlimited acceleration after passing the critical point. In application of this solution to the winds from galaxy clusters we suggest that collision of the strongly accelerated wind with another galaxy cluster, or with another galactic cluster wind could lead to the formation of a highest energy cosmic rays.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
The Sultan's Syllabus Revisited: Sixteenth Century Ottoman Madrasa Libraries and the Question of Canonization
Creators: name: Şen, A. Tunç
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Learning and scholarship
Education--Curricula
Madrasahs
Ulama
Libraries
History

description: This study revisits the question of the early modern Ottoman madrasa curriculum, which, ever since the famous Studia Islamica article of Nenad Filipovic and the late Shahab Ahmed in 2004, has come to be recognized as the “sultan’s syllabus,” implying a strict imposition of a centrally-designed course of study. By utilizing a host of endowment lists, book registers, and autobiographical writings of high- to low-ranking Ottoman scholars from the sixteenth century that escaped Ahmed’s and Filipovic’s attention, I aim to redress an argument that was based on a misinterpretation of a single document but has been extensively cited and recycled since its first articulation almost two decades ago. All of these sources, some of which have never or only partially received scholarly attention, shed more accurate light, not only on the scope of learning, teaching, and canon formation in the early modern Ottoman world of scholarship but also on the mediating role the Ottoman court played by supplying copies of books wherever and whenever needed.
Inclusive, Student-Centered Online Education as a Force for Strengthening the Social Work Profession -- #NSWM
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social work education
Web-based instruction
Distance education

description: These are the slides for a pre-recorded Impact Talk for the Network for Social Work Management Forward Thinking Summit, June 10, 2021. Link to the Summit website: https://socialworkmanager.org/nswm-forward-thinking-summit/ Impact Talk abstract: Online education is a key way to reduce barriers and open access to social work education, and can transform and strengthen the profession by creating a more diverse and representative new generation of social workers. In order to do this, online social work education must be inclusive, student-centered, and trauma-informed. Link to the recording: https://youtu.be/Stwzmv64yqo
Scale used in Martin, Charles, & Heiphetz chapter entitled "Essentialist Views of Criminal Behavior Predict Increased Punitiveness"
Creators: name: Martin, Justin
name: Charles, Sophie Noelle
name: Heiphetz, Larisa A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ethics
subject: Punishment
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Criminal justice, Administration of--Public opinion
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Abstract of chapter: One bad act can permanently stain perceptions of someone’s character. Being labeled a criminal potentially has such an enduring stigma because of people’s willingness to believe that people have an internal, unchanging essence leading them to transgress. In Study 1, we developed a novel scale to assess individual differences in essentialist beliefs about criminality and found that these beliefs predicted punitiveness. Study 2 replicated these findings and also revealed that participants’ attitudes toward people who had committed crimes mediated this link. Study 3 found that participants who held essential beliefs about criminality were more likely to choose retributive punishments over those that prevented future harm. These results illustrate the importance of essentialist beliefs in the context of the legal system.
HATS-2b: A transiting extrasolar planet orbiting a K-type star showing starspot activity
Creators: name: Mohler-Fischer, M.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Bakos, G. B.
name: Penev, K.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Jordan, A.
name: Csubry, Z.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Nikolov, N.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
name: Beky, B.
name: Suc, V.
name: Csak, B.
name: Henning, T.
name: Wright, D. J.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Addison, B. C.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Noyes, R. W.
name: Papp, I.
name: Lazar, J.
name: Sari, P.
name: Conroy, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of HATS-2b, the second transiting extrasolar planet detected by the HATSouth survey. HATS-2b is moving on a circular orbit around a V=13.6 mag, K-type dwarf star (GSC 6665-00236), at a separation of 0.0230 \pm 0.0003 AU and with a period of 1.3541 days. The planetary parameters have been robustly determined using a simultaneous fit of the HATSouth, MPG/ESO~2.2\,m/GROND, Faulkes Telescope South/Spectral transit photometry and MPG/ESO~2.2\,m/FEROS, Euler~1.2\,m/CORALIE, AAT~3.9\,m/CYCLOPS radial-velocity measurements. HATS-2b has a mass of 1.37 \pm 0.16 M_J, a radius of 1.14 \pm 0.03 R_J and an equilibrium temperature of 1567 \pm 30 K. The host star has a mass of 0.88 \pm 0.04 M_Sun, radius of 0.89 \pm 0.02 R_Sun and shows starspot activity. We characterized the stellar activity by analysing two photometric follow-up transit light curves taken with the GROND instrument, both obtained simultaneously in four optical bands (covering the wavelength range of 3860-9520 Å). The two light curves contain anomalies compatible with starspots on the photosphere of the parent star along the same transit chord.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted by A&A
The Role of Theory of Mind and Wishful Thinking in Children’s Moralizing Concepts of the Abrahamic God
Creators: name: Wolle, Redeate
name: McLaughlin, Abby
name: Heiphetz, Larisa A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Moral development
subject: Child development
subject: Social perception
subject: Philosophy of mind
subject: Abrahamic religions
subject: God
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Adults conceptualize God as particularly knowledgeable—more knowledgeable than humans—about moral transgressions. We investigated how younger (4- to 5-year-old) and older (6- to 7-year-old) children view God’s moral knowledge. Cultural narratives in the United States portray God as omniscient, which could lead children growing up in the United States to conclude that God knows their own and others’ behaviors. However, older children are better able to distinguish between different minds, and this ability (theory of mind, or TOM) may predict a tendency for older, versus younger, children to attribute greater knowledge to God. Consistent with the latter possibility, 6- to 7-year-olds viewed God as more knowledgeable of their own and others’ transgressions than did 4- to 5-year-olds. TOM partially mediated this difference. Further, children—particularly 4- to 5-year-olds—conceptualized God as more knowledgeable of others' transgressions than of their own. Study 2 probed whether 4- to 5- year-olds’ responses were due to wishful thinking (e.g., they did not want God to know their transgressions and therefore reported that God would lack this knowledge). Supporting this prediction, 4- to 5-year-olds attributed greater knowledge to God of their own, versus others’, pro-social acts. The extent to which children attributed knowledge of these acts to God predicted their own propensity to behave pro-socially by sharing with others. This work expands current understanding of religious cognition, particularly its connections with moral judgment and theory of mind.
The theory, design and performance of a two dimensional high speed, induction type wind-tunnel
Creators: name: Kane, Richard Francis
name: Kelley, Edward Frederick
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1943
Subjects: Aeronautics
Aeronautical Engineering

description: (1) A two-dimensional wind tunnel, induction type, of rectangular working section, 2 1/2" x 12", has been designed and constructed for the purpose of testing aerodynamic shapes at velocities close to the speed of sound.

(2) The design theory is based upon the fundamental equations of momentum, continuity, and energy with the assumptions that mixing takes place at constant area and that jet exit velocities in this supersonic range may be obtained.

(3) Calibration runs, in which the maximum Mach number of 0.65 was obtained, revealed that the actual tunnel performance did not agree with the design performance curves except at high compression ratios.

(4) A variation of the original theory, i.e., sonic jet exit velocities, was used to obtain a new set of design curves. These curves are in excellent  agreement with actual performance data except at high compression ratios.

(5) Failure of the tunnel to meet design conditions is considered to lie in the jet shape which assumes a true supersonic nozzle shape only at small jet openings (high compression ratios).
Semi-classical strings in $(2+1)-$dimensional backgrounds
Creators: name: Giardino, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study analyzes the geometrical relationship between a classical string and its semi-classical quantum model. From an arbitrary $(2+1)-$dimensional geometry, a specific ansatz for a classical string is used to generate a semi-classical quantum model. In this framework, examples of quantum oscillations and quantum free particles are presented that uniquely determine a classical string and the space-time geometry where its motion takes place.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Some Philippine upper tertiary foraminera
Creators: name: Daleon, Benjamin Angel
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1943
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A geological reconnaissance for oil was started by the Philippine Commonwealth on the spring of 1929, which yielded a good collection of foraminifera. Since very little work had been done on the paleontology and stratigraphy of the Philippines previous to this survey only meager information could be obtained from literature. Consequently, a tentative check list had to he set up as types for the biostratigraphy of the islands. Because of the economic nature of the survey, however, the time-consuming specific identification of the foraminifera was not attempted. Instead a generic identification with tentative species number was utilized and found sufficient for internal correlation. It is evident that a subsequent specific identification is necessary in order to give an interregional significance to the sections and localities where these foraminifera were obtained. Here such a task has been attempted in so far as the facilities at hand would permit.

The foraminifera used here came from the upper tertiary biostratigraphic section in Panay Island, Philippines. The lower limit was obtained by correlation of the associated orbitoids with the better known faunas in the Nederlands East Indies to which they are apparently related. Their upper limit, on the other hand was tied in through the associated mollusks.
The unbearable lightness of being: CDMS versus XENON
Creators: name: Frandsen, Mads T.
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: McCabe, Christopher
name: Sarkar, Subir
name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CDMS-II collaboration has reported 3 events in a Si detector, which are consistent with being nuclear recoils due to scattering of Galactic dark matter particles with a mass of about 8.6 GeV and a cross-section on neutrons of about 2 x 10^-41 cm^2. While a previous result from the XENON10 experiment has supposedly ruled out such particles as dark matter, we find by reanalysing the XENON10 data that this is not the case. Some tension remains however with the upper limit placed by the XENON100 experiment, independently of astrophysical uncertainties concerning the Galactic dark matter distribution. We explore possible ways of ameliorating this tension by altering the properties of dark matter interactions. Nevertheless, even with standard couplings, light dark matter is consistent with both CDMS and XENON10/100.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. v2: minor changes, references added - accepted for publication in JCAP
A kd-tree-accelerated hybrid data-driven/model-based approach for poroelasticity problems with multi-fidelity multi-physics data
Creators: name: Bahmani, Bahador
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Porous materials--Mechanical properties
Porous materials--Mathematical models
Elasticity
Mechanics, Applied

description: We present a hybrid model/model-free data-driven approach to solve poroelasticity problems. Extending the data-driven modeling framework originated from Kirchdoerfer and Ortiz (2016), we introduce one model-free and two hybrid model-based/data-driven formulations capable of simulating the coupled diffusion-deformation of fluid-infiltrating porous media with different amounts of available data. To improve the efficiency of the model-free data search, we introduce a distance-minimized algorithm accelerated by a k-dimensional tree search. To handle the different fidelities of the solid elasticity and fluid hydraulic constitutive responses, we introduce a hybridized model in which either the solid and the fluid solver can switch from a model-based to a model-free approach depending on the availability and the properties of the data. Numerical experiments are designed to verify the implementation and compare the performance of the proposed model to other alternatives.
Phase Variation of Earthshine Polarization Spectra
Creators: name: Takahashi, Jun
name: Itoh, Yoichi
name: Akitaya, Hiroshi
name: Okazaki, Akira
name: Kawabata, Koji
name: Oasa, Yumiko
name: Isogai, Mizuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the optical spectropolarimetry of Earthshine on the Moon for Earth phase angles ranging from 49 to 96 degrees. The observations were conducted on 2011 March 9-13 (UT) using the spectropolarimeter HBS installed on the 1.88 m telescope at Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The wavelength coverage was 450-850 nm with a resolution of 6 nm. The observed Earthshine polarization degree spectra exhibit decreasing polarization degree with increasing wavelength at any phase. The overall degree of polarization increases as the Earth approaches a quadrature phase. The phase dependence differs with the wavelengths; the maximum polarization for the V band occurs at a phase angle of ~90 degrees, whereas that for longer wavelengths is reached at larger phase angles. This is interpreted as indicating that Earthshine polarization at shorter wavelengths is dominated by atmospheric Rayleigh scattering, whereas that at longer wavelengths has an increasingly effective contribution from the Earth surface reflection. The wavelength dependence of the phase angle of the maximum polarization appears to be unique among the terrestrial planetary bodies in the Solar System. Therefore this might constitute important evidence pointing toward a distinctive characteristic of the Earth: the planet has a scattering but transparent atmosphere above its surface.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in PASJ
A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less
Creators: name: Currier, Judith S.
name: Hughes, Michael D.
name: Chodakewitz, Jeffrey A.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Squires, Kathleen E.
name: Grimes, Janet M.
name: Hammer, Scott M.
name: Feinberg, Judith E.
name: Deyton, Lawrence R.
name: Fischl, Margaret A.
name: Balfour, Henry H.
name: Demeter, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Background: The efficacy and safety of adding a protease inhibitor to two nucleoside analogues to
treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
infection are not clear. We compared treatment with
the protease inhibitor indinavir in addition to zidovudine
and lamivudine with treatment with the two nucleosides
alone in HIV-infected adults previously treated
with zidovudine.
Methods: A total of 1156 patients not previously
treated with lamivudine or protease inhibitors were
stratified according to CD4 cell count (50 or fewer vs.
51 to 200 cells per cubic millimeter) and randomly
assigned to one of two daily regimens: 600 mg of zidovudine
and 300 mg of lamivudine, or that regimen
with 2400 mg of indinavir. Stavudine could be substituted
for zidovudine. The primary end point was
the time to the development of the acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) or death.
Results: The proportion of patients whose disease
progressed to AIDS or death was lower with indinavir,
zidovudine (or stavudine), and lamivudine (6 percent)
than with zidovudine (or stavudine) and lamivudine
alone (11 percent; estimated hazard ratio,
0.50; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.33 to 0.76;
P0.001). Mortality in the two groups was 1.4 percent
and 3.1 percent, respectively (estimated hazard
ratio, 0.43; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.19 to
0.99; P=0.04). The effects of treatment were similar
in both CD4 cell strata. The responses of CD4 cells
and plasma HIV-1 RNA paralleled the clinical results.
Conclusions: Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine,
and lamivudine as compared with zidovudine and
lamivudine alone significantly slows the progression
of HIV-1 disease in patients with 200 CD4 cells or
fewer per cubic millimeter and prior exposure to zidovudine.
(N Engl J Med 1997;337:725-33.)