cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Calculations of Chern number: equivalence of real-space and twisted-boundary-condition formulae
Creators: name: Lin, Ling
name: Ke, Yongguan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Lee, Chaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chern number is a crucial invariant for characterizing topological feature of two-dimensional quantum systems. Real-space Chern number allows us to extract topological properties of systems without involving translational symmetry, and hence plays an important role in investigating topological systems with disorder or impurity. On the other hand, the twisted boundary condition (TBC) can also be used to define the Chern number in the absence of translational symmetry. Based on the perturbative nature of the TBC under appropriate gauges, we derive the two real-space formulae of Chern number (namely the non-commutative Chern number and the Bott index formula), which are numerically confirmed for the Chern insulator and the quantum spin Hall insulator. Our results not only establish the equivalence between the real-space and TBC formula of the Chern number, but also provide concrete and instructive examples for deriving the real-space topological invariant through the twisted boundary condition.
description: none
Molecular mechanisms in melanoma
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer
Botany

description: The review of melanoma by Mil- ler and Mihm (July 6 issue)1 clearly characterizes the linear progression of melanocytic lesions, from the morphologic perspective to the molecular per- spective.2,3 However, the genetic alterations would have more relevance if they result in kinetic ad- vantage and progression. My colleagues and I have studied a series of dysplastic nevi (92 low-grade and 31 high-grade lesions) and melanomas in situ (15 lesions) using proliferation (Ki-67 labeling), apoptosis (in situ end labeling), and cell-cycle reg- ulators (RB1, TP53, p21WAF1, and p27Kip1).4 Our analysis highlighted a clear topographic hetero- geneity at the early stage of melanocytic trans- formation: slow kinetics in the dermal compart- ment of low-grade melanocytic dysplasia and a higher incidence of TP53 alterations in high-grade melanocytic dysplasia than in low-grade dyspla- sia and melanomas. These findings suggest that melanocytic dysplasia is a marker of the risk of melanoma rather than a direct precursor.
Non-Abelian Hopf-Euler insulators
Creators: name: Jankowski, Wojciech J.
name: Morris, Arthur S.
name: Davoyan, Zory
name: Bouhon, Adrien
name: Ünal, F. Nur
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a class of three-band non-Abelian topological insulators in three dimensions that carry a single bulk Hopf index protected by spatiotemporal ($\mathcal{PT}$) inversion symmetry. These phases may also host subdimensional topological invariants given by the Euler characteristic class, resulting in real Hopf-Euler insulators. Such systems naturally realize helical nodal structures in the three-dimensional Brillouin zone, providing a physical manifestation of the linking number described by the Hopf invariant. We show that, by opening a gap between the valence bands of these systems, one finds a fully-gapped ``flag'' phase, which displays a three-band multi-gap Pontryagin invariant. Unlike the previously reported $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric four-band real Hopf insulator, which hosts a $\mathbb{Z} \oplus \mathbb{Z}$ invariant, these phases are not unitarily equivalent to two copies of a complex two-band Hopf insulator. We show that such uncharted phases can be obtained through dimensional extension of two-dimensional Euler insulators, and that they support (i) an optical bulk integrated circular shift effect quantized by the Hopf invariant, (ii) quantum-geometric breathing in the real space Wannier functions, and (iii) surface Euler topology on boundaries. Consequently, our findings pave the way for novel experimental realizations of real-space quantum-geometry, as these systems may be directly simulated by utilizing synthetic dimensions in metamaterials or ultracold atoms.
description: 16+11 pages, 5+6 figures
A Plot is Worth a Thousand Tests: Assessing Residual Diagnostics with the Lineup Protocol
Creators: name: Li, Weihao
name: Cook, Dianne
name: Tanaka, Emi
name: VanderPlas, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regression experts consistently recommend plotting residuals for model diagnosis, despite the availability of many numerical hypothesis test procedures designed to use residuals to assess problems with a model fit. Here we provide evidence for why this is good advice using data from a visual inference experiment. We show how conventional tests are too sensitive, which means that too often the conclusion would be that the model fit is inadequate. The experiment uses the lineup protocol which puts a residual plot in the context of null plots. This helps generate reliable and consistent reading of residual plots for better model diagnosis. It can also help in an obverse situation where a conventional test would fail to detect a problem with a model due to contaminated data. The lineup protocol also detects a range of departures from good residuals simultaneously. Supplemental materials for the article are available online.
DNA and kinetic heterogeneity during the clonal evolution of adrenocortical proliferative lesions
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Monoclonal adrenocortical lesions show inverse correlation between proliferation and apoptosis, with proliferation being the single most important criterion of malignancy in adrenal lesions. No study yet has evaluated the variability of proliferation regarding the clonal pattern and diagnosis in adrenocortical nodular hyperplasias (ACNHs), adrenocortical adenomas (ACAs), and adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs). We studied 69 ACNHs, 64 ACAs, and 23 ACCs (World Health Organization criteria) from 156 females. Clonality HUMARA test (from microdissected DNA samples), DNA content and proliferation analysis (slide and flow cytometry), and mitotic figure (MF) counting/50 high-power fields (HPFs) were performed in the same areas. Heterogeneity was assessed by 5cER (percentage of nonoctaploid cells with DNA content exceeding 5c) and standard deviation of MF/HPF. Statistics included analysis of variance/Student t tests regarding the clonal patterns and diagnosis. Polyclonal patterns were observed in 48 of 62 informative ACNHs and 7 of 56 informative ACAs, and monoclonal in 14 of 62 ACNHs, 49 of 56 ACAs, and 21 of 21 ACCs, with all hyperdiploid lesions (14 ACCs and 13 ACAs) being monoclonal. The standard deviation of MF/HPF progressively increased in ACNH-ACA-ACC (0.048 +/- 0.076, 0.110 +/- 0.097, 0.506 +/- 0.291, respectively; P = .0023), but did not differentiate ACNH/ACA. Only tetraploid percentage (P = .0496) and 5cER (P = .0352) distinguished polyclonal (3.64 +/- 2.20 and 0.14 +/- 0.15) from monoclonal (7.25 +/- 7.52 and 1.00 +/- 1.74) benign lesions. Malignancy significantly correlated with a low diploid percentage and high tetraploid percentage. Cell kinetic heterogeneity is the hallmark of adrenocortical neoplasms: tetraploid/hypertetraploid cell accumulation characterizes monoclonal lesions (suggesting nondisjunctional mitoses), whereas heterogeneously distributed mitotic figures and decreased diploid percentage define ACCs.
Eva-Maria Stolberg: Stalin und die chinesischen Kommunisten 1945-1953. Eine Studie zur Entstehungsgeschichte der sowjetisch-chinesischen Allianz vor dem Hintergrund des Kalten Krieges
Creators: name: Heinzig, Dieter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 70 (1999): ASIEN (Januar)
A Clustering Algorithm to Organize Satellite Hotspot Data for the Purpose of Tracking Bushfires Remotely
Creators: name: Li, Weihao
name: Dodwell, Emily
name: Cook, Dianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a spatiotemporal clustering algorithm and its implementation in the R package spotoroo. This work is motivated by the catastrophic bushfires in Australia throughout the summer of 2019-2020 and made possible by the availability of satellite hotspot data. The algorithm is inspired by two existing spatiotemporal clustering algorithms but makes enhancements to cluster points spatially in conjunction with their movement across consecutive time periods. It also allows for the adjustment of key parameters, if required, for different locations and satellite data sources. Bushfire data from Victoria, Australia, is used to illustrate the algorithm and its use within the package.
Pattern similarity study of functional sites in protein sequences: lysozymes and cystatins
Creators: name: Nakai, Shuryo
name: Li-Chan, Eunice
name: Dou, Jinglie
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Although it is generally agreed that topography is more conserved than sequences, proteins sharing the same fold can have different functions, while there are protein families with low sequence similarity. An alternative method for profile analysis of characteristic conserved positions of the motifs within the 3D structures may be needed for functional annotation of protein sequences. Using the approach of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), we have proposed a new algorithm for postulating functional mechanisms on the basis of pattern similarity and average of property values of side-chains in segments within sequences. This approach was used to search for functional sites of proteins belonging to the lysozyme and cystatin families. Results: Hydrophobicity and β-turn propensity of reference segments with 3–7 residues were used for the homology similarity search (HSS) for active sites. Hydrogen bonding was used as the side-chain property for searching the binding sites of lysozymes. The profiles of similarity constants and average values of these parameters as functions of their positions in the sequences could identify both active and substrate binding sites of the lysozyme of Streptomyces coelicolor, which has been reported as a new fold enzyme (Cellosyl). The same approach was successfully applied to cystatins, especially for postulating the mechanisms of amyloidosis of human cystatin C as well as human lysozyme. Conclusion: Pattern similarity and average index values of structure-related properties of side chains in short segments of three residues or longer were, for the first time, successfully applied for predicting functional sites in sequences. This new approach may be applicable to studying functional sites in un-annotated proteins, for which complete 3D structures are not yet available.
«XIVA XONLIGIDA SOLIQ TIZIMI VA MAJBURIYATLAR»
Creators: name: Ochilov, Iskandar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada Xiva xonligida mavjud bo’lgan soliq tizimi va majburiyatlar aks ettiriladi. Xonlikda joriy etilingan soliqlar va majburiyatlar keraklicha tadqiq qilinib ,tadqiqot mavzusi bo’yicha turli manbalar o’rganilib, tadqiqot tarkibiga kiritildi.
Thomas Heberer; Kerstin Katharina Vogel (Hrsg.): Frauen-Los!? Politische Partizipation von Frauen in Ostasien
Creators: name: Lipinsky, Astrid
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 70 (1999): ASIEN (Januar)
Chemical mapping of temperate sub-Neptune atmospheres: Constraining the deep-interior H2O/H2 using the atmospheric CO2/CH4
Creators: name: Yang, Jeehyun
name: Hu, Renyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the planetary envelope composition of sub-Neptune-type exoplanets is challenging due to the inherent degeneracy in their interior composition scenarios. Particularly, the planetary envelope's H2O/H2 ratio, which can also be expressed as the O/H ratio, provides crucial insights into its original location relative to the ice line during planetary formation. Using self-consistent radiative transfer modeling and a rate-based automatic chemical network generator combined with 1D photochemical kinetic-transport atmospheric modeling, we investigate various atmospheric scenarios of temperate sub-Neptunes, ranging from H2-dominated to H2O-dominated atmospheres with equilibrium temperatures (Teq) of 250-400 K. This study includes examples such as K2-18 b (Teq = 255 K), LP 791-18 c (Teq = 324 K), and TOI-270 d (Teq = 354 K). Our models indicate that the atmospheric CO2/CH4 ratio can be used to infer the deep-interior H2O/H2 ratio. Applying this method to recent JWST observations, our findings suggest K2-18 b likely has an interior that is 50% highly enriched in water, exceeding the water content in a 100xZ scenario and suggesting a planetary formation mechanism involving substantial accretion of ices. In contrast, our model suggests that approximately 25% of TOI-270 d's interior is composed of H2O, which aligns with the conventional metallicity framework with a metallicity higher than 100xZ. Furthermore, our models identify carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) as strong indicators for temperate sub-Neptunes with at least 10% of their interior composed of water. These results provide a method to delineate the internal composition and formation mechanisms of temperate sub-Neptunes (Teq < ~500 K) via atmospheric characterization through transmission spectroscopy.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted to be published in ApJL
Complementary analysis of microsatellite tumor profile and mismatch repair defects in colorectal carcinomas
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a prognostic factor and a marker of deficient mismatch repair (MMR) in colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRC). However, a proper application of this marker requires understanding the following: (1) The MSI concept: The PCR approach must amplify the correct locus and accurately identify the microsatellite pattern in the patient's normal tissue. MSI is demonstrated when the length of DNA sequences in a tumor differs from that of nontumor tissue. Any anomalous expansion or reduction of tandem repeats results in extra-bands normally located in the expected size range (100 bp, above or below the expected product), differ from the germline pattern by some multiple of the repeating unit, and must show appropriate stutter. (2) MSI mechanisms: MMR gene inactivation (by either mutation or protein down-regulation as frequently present in deep CRC compartments) leads to mutation accumulation in a cell with every cellular division, resulting in malignant transformation. These mechanisms can express tumor progression and result in a decreased prevalence of aneuploid cells and loss of the physiologic cell kinetic correlations in the deep CRC compartments. MSI molecular mechanisms are not necessarily independent from chromosomal instability and may coexist in a given CRC. (3) Because of intratumoural heterogeneity, at least two samples from each CRC should be screened, preferably from the superficial (tumor cells above the muscularis propria) and deep (tumor cells infiltrating the muscularis propria) CRC compartments to cover the topographic tumor heterogeneity. (4) Pathologists play a critical role in identifying microsatellite-unstable CRC, such as occur in young patients with synchronous or metachronous tumors or with tumors showing classic histologic features. In these cases, MSI testing and/or MMR immunohistochemistry are advisable, along with gene sequencing and genetic counseling if appropriate. MSI is an excellent functional and prognostically useful marker, whereas MMR immunohistochemistry can guide gene sequencing.
MAPLE: Mobile App Prediction Leveraging Large Language Model Embeddings
Creators: name: Khaokaew, Yonchanok
name: Xue, Hao
name: Salim, Flora D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, predicting mobile app usage has become increasingly important for areas like app recommendation, user behaviour analysis, and mobile resource management. Existing models, however, struggle with the heterogeneous nature of contextual data and the user cold start problem. This study introduces a novel prediction model, Mobile App Prediction Leveraging Large Language Model Embeddings (MAPLE), which employs Large Language Models (LLMs) and installed app similarity to overcome these challenges. MAPLE utilises the power of LLMs to process contextual data and discern intricate relationships within it effectively. Additionally, we explore the use of installed app similarity to address the cold start problem, facilitating the modelling of user preferences and habits, even for new users with limited historical data. In essence, our research presents MAPLE as a novel, potent, and practical approach to app usage prediction, making significant strides in resolving issues faced by existing models. MAPLE stands out as a comprehensive and effective solution, setting a new benchmark for more precise and personalised app usage predictions. In tests on two real-world datasets, MAPLE surpasses contemporary models in both standard and cold start scenarios. These outcomes validate MAPLE's capacity for precise app usage predictions and its resilience against the cold start problem. This enhanced performance stems from the model's proficiency in capturing complex temporal patterns and leveraging contextual information. As a result, MAPLE can potentially improve personalised mobile app usage predictions and user experiences markedly.
Overwhelming Bi-Partisan Majority Opposes Allowing Churches, Other Nonprofits, to Engage in Political Activity
Creators: name: Kull, Steven
name: Fehsenfeld, Evan
name: Martens, Francesca
name: Lewitus, Evan Charles
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2017
Subjects: Non-profits
poltical activities
churches
115th Congress
H.R. 172
H.R. 781
S. 264
Repeal Johnson Amendment

description: A policymaking simulation is an online process that puts citizens in the shoes of elected officials by simulating the process they go through in making policy decisions. Each simulation introduces a broader policy topic and then presents a series of modules that address a specific policy option that is currently under consideration in the current discourse. For each module, respondents: 1) receive a short briefing on a policy issue and the option or options for addressing it; 2) evaluate arguments for and against the policy options; and 3) finally, make their recommendation for what their elected officials should do.
description: An overwhelming majority of 79% voters oppose the proposal to allow churches and other non-profit organizations to endorse political candidates and provide them money and other support. This includes 71% of Republicans as well as 88% of Democrats and 78% on independents. Most (55%) say it is ‘very important’ to keep the current law. The proposal to reverse the Johnson Amendment, which prohibits political activity by tax-exempt organizations, is in the House tax reform bill and in other proposed legislation, including H.R. 172, H.R. 781, and S. 264.
Axion detection via superfluid $^3$He ferromagnetic phase and quantum measurement techniques
Creators: name: Chigusa, So
name: Kondo, Dan
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Okabe, Risshin
name: Sudo, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use the nuclear spin excitation in the ferromagnetic A1 phase of the superfluid $^3$He for the axion dark matter detection. This approach is striking in that it is sensitive to the axion-nucleon coupling, one of the most important features of the QCD axion introduced to solve the strong CP problem. We review a quantum mechanical description of the nuclear spin excitation and apply it to the estimation of the axion-induced spin excitation rate. We also describe a possible detection method of the spin excitation in detail and show that the combination of the squeezing of the final state with the Josephson parametric amplifier and the homodyne measurement can enhance the sensitivity. It turns out that this approach gives good sensitivity to the axion dark matter with the mass of $O(1) \, μ\mathrm{eV}$ depending on the size of the external magnetic field. We estimate the parameters of experimental setups, e.g., the detector volume and the amplitude of squeezing, required to reach the QCD axion parameter space.
description: v3: 41 pages, 7 figures, accepted version for JHEP, estimated sensitivity has been improved
SpikeZIP-TF: Conversion is All You Need for Transformer-based SNN
Creators: name: You, Kang
name: Xu, Zekai
name: Nie, Chen
name: Deng, Zhijie
name: Guo, Qinghai
name: Wang, Xiang
name: He, Zhezhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking neural network (SNN) has attracted great attention due to its characteristic of high efficiency and accuracy. Currently, the ANN-to-SNN conversion methods can obtain ANN on-par accuracy SNN with ultra-low latency (8 time-steps) in CNN structure on computer vision (CV) tasks. However, as Transformer-based networks have achieved prevailing precision on both CV and natural language processing (NLP), the Transformer-based SNNs are still encounting the lower accuracy w.r.t the ANN counterparts. In this work, we introduce a novel ANN-to-SNN conversion method called SpikeZIP-TF, where ANN and SNN are exactly equivalent, thus incurring no accuracy degradation. SpikeZIP-TF achieves 83.82% accuracy on CV dataset (ImageNet) and 93.79% accuracy on NLP dataset (SST-2), which are higher than SOTA Transformer-based SNNs. The code is available in GitHub: https://github.com/Intelligent-Computing-Research-Group/SpikeZIP_transformer
description: * These authors contributed equally to this work
A new form of asymptotic expansion for non-smooth differential equations with time-decaying forcing functions
Creators: name: Hoang, Luan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D05, 34E05, 41A60

description: This article is focused on the asymptotic expansions, as time tends to infinity, of solutions of a system of ordinary differential equations with non-smooth nonlinear terms. The forcing function decays to zero in a very complicated but coherent way. We prove that every decaying solution admits an asymptotic expansion of a new type. This expansion contains a new variable that allows it to be established in a closed-form, but does not affect the meaning and precision of the expansion. Moreover, the expansion is constructed explicitly with the use of the complexification method.
description: Differential Equations and Dynamical System, in press. The published version will have a different format
Fluctuating hydrodynamics of an autophoretic particle near a permeable interface
Creators: name: Turk, Günther
name: Adhikari, Ronojoy
name: Singh, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the autophoretic motion of a spherical active particle interacting chemically and hydrodynamically with its fluctuating environment in the limit of rapid diffusion and slow viscous flow. Then, the chemical and hydrodynamic fields can be expressed in terms of integrals. The resulting boundary-domain integral equations provide a direct way of obtaining the traction on the particle, requiring the solution of linear integral equations. An exact solution for the chemical and hydrodynamic problems is obtained for a particle in an unbounded domain. For motion near boundaries, we provide corrections to the unbounded solutions in terms of chemical and hydrodynamic Green's functions, preserving the dissipative nature of autophoresis in a viscous fluid for all physical configurations. Using this, we give the fully stochastic update equations for the Brownian trajectory of an autophoretic particle in a complex environment. First, we analyse the Brownian dynamics of particles capable of complex motion in the bulk. We then introduce a chemically permeable planar surface of two immiscible liquids in the vicinity of the particle and provide explicit solutions to the chemo-hydrodynamics of this system. Finally, we study the case of an isotropically phoretic particle hovering above an interface as a function of interfacial solute permeability and viscosity contrast.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Exercise training improves aerobic endurance and musculoskeletal fitness in female cardiac transplant recipients
Creators: name: Haykowsky, Mark
name: Riess, Kenneth
name: Figgures, Linda
name: Kim, Daniel
name: Warburton, Darren E. R.
name: Jones, Lee
name: Tymchak, Wayne
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Aim: Female cardiac transplant recipients' aerobic capacity is 60% lower than sex and age-predicted values. The effect of exercise training on restoring the impaired aerobic endurance and muscle strength in female cardiac transplant recipients is not known. This study examined the effect that aerobic and strength training have on improving aerobic endurance and muscle strength in female cardiac transplant recipients. Methods: 20 female cardiac transplant recipients (51 ± 11 years) participated in this investigation. The subjects performed a baseline six-minute walk test and a leg-press strength test when they were discharged following cardiac transplantation. The subjects then participated in a 12-week exercise program consisting of aerobic and lower extremity strength training. Baseline assessments were repeated following completion of the exercise intervention. Results: At baseline, the cardiac transplant recipients' aerobic endurance was 50% lower than age-matched predicted values. The training program resulted in a significant increase in aerobic endurance (pre-training: 322 ± 104 m vs. post-training: 501 ± 99 m, p < 0.05) and leg-press strength (pre-training: 48 ± 16 kg. vs. post-training: 78 ± 27 kg, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic and strength training are effective interventions that can partially restore the impaired aerobic endurance and strength found in female cardiac transplant recipients.
Strategy Document for Silicon Tracking and Vertexing for the EIC
Creators: name: Contin, G
name: Deptuch, G
name: Greiner, L
name: Gonella, L
name: Jones, P
name: Sedgwick, I
name: Sichtermann, E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: eic
tracking
vertexing
silicon
MAPS

description: This document presents the strategy for the development of the EIC tracking and vertexing system based on a new generation MAPS in a commercial 65 nm CMOS imaging technology, with two fallback solutions based on MAPS sensors in 180 nm CMOS imaging technology.
Histologic criteria for adrenocortical proliferative lesions: value of mitotic figure variability
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: This study compared 3 systems and a newly designed stepwise discriminant diagnostic system (SDDS) to assess accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability in adrenocortical nodular hyperplasia (ACNH; n = 82), adenoma (ACA; n = 78), and carcinoma (ACC; n = 32) (diagnoses according to World Health Organization criteria; median follow-up, 135 months). In cross-validations, we studied cortex appearance, growth pattern, cytoplasmic features, nuclear parameters, mitotic figure counting (MFC), necrosis, invasion, and stromal-inflammatory reactions. The SDDS independent predictors were MFC/high-power field SD, anisokaryosis, cortex appearance, and stromal reaction, correctly classifying 100% of ACNH, 91% of ACA, and 88% of ACC cases. The Hough system correctly classified 78% of ACNH, 81% of ACA, and 84% of ACC cases; the Weiss and van Slooten systems correctly classified 100% of ACNH, 0% of ACA, and 92% of ACC cases. MFC variability is the most important adrenocortical malignancy criterion. Accurate malignancy diagnosis requires multiple variable evaluations, provided by SDDS (the most specific system) and the Weiss or van Slooten system (the most sensitive). SDDS is the most useful system for distinguishing tumors from ACNH (myxoid stroma and anisokaryosis).
Ilse Lenz; Michiko Mae (Hg.): Getrennte Welten, gemeinsame Moderne? Geschlechterverhältnisse in Japan
Creators: name: Tanaka, Miyuki
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 70 (1999): ASIEN (Januar)
Lorentz-violating extension of Wigner function formalism and chiral kinetic theory
Creators: name: Dayi, Ömer F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum kinetic equation for the gauge-invariant Wigner function, constructed from spinor fields that obey the Dirac equation modified by CPT and Lorentz symmetry-violating terms, is presented. The equations for the components of the Wigner function in the Clifford algebra basis are accomplished. Focusing on the massless case, an extended semiclassical chiral kinetic theory in the presence of external electromagnetic fields is developed. We calculate the chiral currents and establish the anomalous magnetic and separation effects in a Lorentz-violating background. The chiral anomaly within the context of extended quantum electrodynamics is elucidated. Finally, we derive the semiclassical Lorentz-violating extended chiral transport equation.
description: 10 pages. Discussions and Refs added
Spreitzhofer, Günter: Tourismus Dritte Welt: Brennpunkt Südostasien. Alternativtourismus als Motor für Massentourismus und soziokulturellen Wandel
Creators: name: Husa, Karl
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 70 (1999): ASIEN (Januar)
Life Cycle of Numerically Simulated Shallow Cumulus Clouds. Part II: Mixing Dynamics
Creators: name: Zhao, Ming
name: Austin, Philip H.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2016

description: This paper is the second in a two-part series in which life cycles of six numerically simulated shallow cumulus clouds are systematically examined. The six clouds, selected from a single realization of a large-eddy simulation, grow as a series of pulses/thermals detached from the subcloud layer. All six clouds exhibit a coherent vortical circulation and a low buoyancy, low velocity trailing wake. The ascending cloud top (ACT), which contains this vortical circulation, is associated with a dynamic perturbation pressure field with high pressure located at the ascending frontal cap and low pressure below and on the downshear side of the maximum updrafts. Examination of the thermodynamic and kinematic structure, together with passive tracer experiments, suggests that this vortical circulation is primarily responsible for mixing between cloud and environment. As the cloud ACTs rise through the sheared environment, the low pressure, vortical circulation, and mixing are all strongly enhanced on the downshear side and weakened on the upshear side. Collapse of the ACT also occurs on the downshear side, with subsequent thermals ascending on the upshear side of their predecessors. The coherent core structure is maintained throughout the ACT ascent; mixing begins to gradually dilute the ACT core only in the upper half of the cloud's depth. The characteristic kinematic and dynamic structure of these simulated ACTs, together with their mixing behavior, corresponds closely to that of shedding thermals. These shallow simulated clouds, however, reach a maximum height of only about four ACT diameters so that ACT mixing differs from predictions of self-similar laboratory thermals. Copyright 2005 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be “fair use” under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC §108, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the AMS’s permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form, such as on a web site or in a searchable database, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statement, requires written permission or a license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policy, available on the AMS Web site located at (http://www.ametsoc.org/) or from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or copyright@ametsoc.org.
ConvBKI: Real-Time Probabilistic Semantic Mapping Network with Quantifiable Uncertainty
Creators: name: Wilson, Joey
name: Fu, Yuewei
name: Friesen, Joshua
name: Ewen, Parker
name: Capodieci, Andrew
name: Jayakumar, Paramsothy
name: Barton, Kira
name: Ghaffari, Maani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop a modular neural network for real-time {\color{black}(> 10 Hz)} semantic mapping in uncertain environments, which explicitly updates per-voxel probabilistic distributions within a neural network layer. Our approach combines the reliability of classical probabilistic algorithms with the performance and efficiency of modern neural networks. Although robotic perception is often divided between modern differentiable methods and classical explicit methods, a union of both is necessary for real-time and trustworthy performance. We introduce a novel Convolutional Bayesian Kernel Inference (ConvBKI) layer which incorporates semantic segmentation predictions online into a 3D map through a depthwise convolution layer by leveraging conjugate priors. We compare ConvBKI against state-of-the-art deep learning approaches and probabilistic algorithms for mapping to evaluate reliability and performance. We also create a Robot Operating System (ROS) package of ConvBKI and test it on real-world perceptually challenging off-road driving data.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2209.10663
Samuel Wälty: Kintamani. Dorf, Land und Rituale: Entwicklung und institutioneller Wandel in einer Bergregion auf Bali
Creators: name: Rieländer, Klaus
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 70 (1999): ASIEN (Januar)
Exploring pathways to forming twin stars
Creators: name: Naseri, Mahdi
name: Bozzola, Gabriele
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A viable model for the dense matter equation of state above the nuclear saturation density includes a hadron-to-quark phase transition at densities relevant to compact objects. In this case, stable hybrid hadron-quark stars can arise. An even more interesting scenario is one where the hadron-to-quark phase transition results in the emergence of a third branch of stable compact objects (in addition to white dwarfs and neutron stars). Inherent to the presence of a third family of compact stars is the existence of twin stars - hybrid stars with the same mass as the corresponding neutron stars, but with smaller radii. Interestingly, the neutron star-twin star scenario is consistent with GW170817. If twin stars exist in nature, it raises a question about the mechanism that leads to their formation. Here, we explore gravitational collapse as a pathway to the formation of low-mass twin stars. We perform fully general relativistic simulations of the collapse of a stellar iron core, modeled as a cold degenerate gas, to investigate whether the end product is a neutron star or a twin star. Our simulations show that even with unrealistically large perturbations in the initial conditions, the core bounces well below the hadron-to-quark phase transition density, if the initial total rest mass is in the twin star range. Following cooling, these configurations produce neutron stars. We find that twin stars can potentially form due to mass loss, e.g., through winds, from a slightly more massive hybrid star that was initially produced in the collapse of a more massive core or if the maximum neutron star mass is below the Chandrasekhar mass limit. The challenge in producing twin stars in gravitational collapse, in conjunction with the fine-tuning required because of their narrow mass range, suggests the rarity of twin stars in nature.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures; matches PRD version
Cooperative quantum tunneling of the magnetization in Fe-doped Li$_3$N
Creators: name: Fix, M.
name: Atkinson, J. H.
name: Müller, F.
name: del Barco, E.
name: Jesche, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-reversal in dilute Li$_2$(Li$_{1-x}$Fe$_{x}$)N with $x < 1$ % is dominated by resonant quantum tunneling of spatially well-separated states. We report on the effect of finite couplings between those states that give rise to cooperative, simultaneous quantum tunneling of two spins. This phenomenon, known as spin-spin cross relaxation, effectively elucidates the fine-structure observed in isothermal magnetization loops, a previously unresolved aspect. Temperature and field-dependent magnetization measurements were conducted over a range from T = 2 K to 300 K in applied fields of up to $μ_0H$ = 7 T. Magnetic dipole fields are computed numerically. Our findings affirm the absence of stoichiometric defects in Li$_2$(Li$_{1-x}$Fe$_{x}$)N and underscore its exemplary suitability as a model system for investigating spin-reversal processes at the microscopic level. This is attributed to its comparatively simple crystal structure, the availability of large single crystals, elevated characteristic energies, and well-defined energy levels
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Het NPO-menu: gehakt
Creators: name: Driessen, Geert
Publisher: name: Didactief
Year: 2021
Subjects: NPO
COVID19
onderwijsachterstanden

description: Het ministerie heeft onlangs een menukaart met bewezen effectieve interventies gepubliceerd. Scholen kunnen daaruit kiezen voor hun aanpak van de corona-achterstanden. Maar hoe “bewezen effectief” zijn die interventies eigenlijk? En lukt het schoolleiders daaruit een verantwoorde keuze te maken voor hun specifieke achterstanden?
A hoard of Late Bronze Age metalwork from Aylsham, Norfolk
Creators: name: Clough, T H McK
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 35 (2), 158-169
description: TG 197269. A dispersed smith's hoard (a dozen socketed axes, two "half-hollow" spearheads and a barbed one, a bronze flanged disc, Ewart Park sword and rapier fragments, a socketed hammer and ingot fragments) was found in 1968 on a new housing estate. Good parallels for most of these occur in East Anglian hoards. Most of the axes exhibit casting flaws and generally are of poor workmanship. One spearhead socket contained the rare moss Schistostega and fragments of a herbaceous plant. Few comparable flanged discs occur in Britain (Horsehope and Isleham): axle caps or yoke fittings are the most likely explanations. The mature Hallstatt C influences indicate a date of c 650 BC. D V C
Cytoarchitectural and kinetic features in the histological evaluation of follicular thyroid neoplasms
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
name: J Patel
name: S Arif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: The diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinomas is mainly based on capsular and vascular invasion. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic relevance of nuclear features, inflammation and stromal changes.
Anisokaryosis, chromatin pattern, nucleolus, nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, necrosis, stromal changes and tumour interstitial lymphocytes (TIL) were analysed in adenomatous hyperplastic nodules (39), adenomas (43) and carcinomas (28 minimally invasive, 48 widely invasive and 27 anaplastic). Ki67 immunostaining, in situ end labelling (ISEL) for apoptosis and the Ki67/ISEL index were analysed by topographical compartments. Variables were compared by histological diagnosis using Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance and Student's t-tests and considered significant if P < 0.05. TIL were absent in 96% of neoplasms and 54% of adenomatous hyperplastic nodules. Conspicuous nucleoli, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and coexistent apoptosis-myxoid changes distinguished minimally invasive carcinomas from adenomas. The most specific variables of high-grade carcinoma were vasculonecrotic patterns, nuclear hyperchromatism and pleomorphism. A kinetic advantage predominated in the internal compartments of benign lesions and in the peripheral compartments of malignant lesions.
Follicular carcinomas show up-regulation of proliferation markers and the distinctive topographical kinetic profiles provide a basis for the distinction between benign and malignant and an explanation for the circumscription and encapsulation of benign lesions.
Provable bounds for noise-free expectation values computed from noisy samples
Creators: name: Barron, Samantha V.
name: Egger, Daniel J.
name: Pelofske, Elijah
name: Bärtschi, Andreas
name: Eidenbenz, Stephan
name: Lehmkuehler, Matthis
name: Woerner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the impact of noise on quantum computing, particularly focusing on the challenges when sampling bit strings from noisy quantum computers as well as the implications for optimization and machine learning applications. We formally quantify the sampling overhead to extract good samples from noisy quantum computers and relate it to the layer fidelity, a metric to determine the performance of noisy quantum processors. Further, we show how this allows us to use the Conditional Value at Risk of noisy samples to determine provable bounds on noise-free expectation values. We discuss how to leverage these bounds for different algorithms and demonstrate our findings through experiments on a real quantum computer involving up to 127 qubits. The results show a strong alignment with theoretical predictions.
description: Pages 17, Figures 6, Tables 3
Life Cycle of Numerically Simulated Shallow Cumulus Clouds. Part I: Transport
Creators: name: Zhao, Ming
name: Austin, Philip H.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2016

description: This paper is the first in a two-part series in which the life cycles of numerically simulated shallow cumulus clouds are systematically examined. The life cycle data for six clouds with a range of cloud-top heights are isolated from an equilibrium trade cumulus field generated by a large-eddy simulation (LES) with a uniform resolution of 25 m. A passive subcloud tracer is used to partition the cloud life cycle transport into saturated and unsaturated components; the tracer shows that on average cumulus convection occurs in a region with time-integrated volume roughly 2 to 3 times that of the liquid-water-containing volume. All six clouds exhibit qualitatively similar vertical mass flux profiles with net downward mass transport at upper levels and net upward mass flux at lower levels. This downward mass flux comes primarily from the unsaturated cloud-mixed convective region during the dissipation stage and is evaporatively driven. Unsaturated negatively buoyant cloud mixtures dominate the buoyancy and mass fluxes in the upper portion of all clouds while saturated positively buoyant cloud mixtures dominate the fluxes at lower levels. Small and large clouds have distinct vertical profiles of heating/cooling and drying/moistening, with small clouds cooling and moistening throughout their depth, while larger clouds cool and moisten at upper levels and heat and dry at lower levels. The simulation results are compared to the predictions of conceptual models commonly used in shallow cumulus parameterizations. Copyright 2005 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be “fair use” under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC §108, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the AMS’s permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form, such as on a web site or in a searchable database, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statement, requires written permission or a license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policy, available on the AMS Web site located at (http://www.ametsoc.org/) or from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or copyright@ametsoc.org.
Kinetic topographical heterogeneity in follicular thyroid neoplasms and growth patterns
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: I have topographically analysed the kinetic features [proliferation by Ki67 index and apoptosis by in situ end labelling (ISEL) or ISEL index] of follicular thyroid neoplasms (43 FTA, 76 FTC—including 28 minimally invasive and 48 widely invasive—and 27 anaplastic carcinomas) and have obtained similar results. Apart from the diagnostic applicability, these results provide insight into the basis of the known architectural patterns of thyroid tumours. The Ki67⁄ ISEL indices provide kinetic advantage in the internal compartments of benign lesions and in the peripheral compartments of malignant lesions. Benign lesions (FTA) and low-grade malignancies (minimally invasive FTC) show higher rates of apoptosis in peripheral compared with internal compartments, whereas high-grade malignancies (widely invasive FTC and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma) reveal the inverse relationship. Conclusion: Differential cell kinetics in follicular thyroid neoplasms contributes to a topographical segregation of tumour cells and the growth pattern (encapsulation and invasiveness at the tumour periphery).