cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ZO-JADE: Zeroth-order Curvature-Aware Multi-Agent Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Maritan, Alessio
name: Schenato, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we address the problem of convex optimization in a multi-agent setting where the objective is to minimize the mean of local cost functions whose derivatives are not available (e.g. black-box models). Moreover agents can only communicate with local neighbors according to a connected network topology. Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization has recently gained increasing attention in federated learning and multi-agent scenarios exploiting finite-difference approximations of the gradient using from $2$ (directional gradient) to $2d$ (central difference full gradient) evaluations of the cost functions, where $d$ is the dimension of the problem. The contribution of this work is to extend ZO distributed optimization by estimating the curvature of the local cost functions via finite-difference approximations. In particular, we propose a novel algorithm named ZO-JADE, that by adding just one extra point, i.e. $2d+1$ in total, allows to simultaneously estimate the gradient and the diagonal of the local Hessian, which are then combined via average tracking consensus to obtain an approximated Jacobi descent. Guarantees of semi-global exponential stability are established via separation of time-scales. Extensive numerical experiments on real-world data confirm the efficiency and superiority of our algorithm with respect to several other distributed zeroth-order methods available in the literature based on only gradient estimates.
Foliated vector bundles and riemannian foliations
Creators: name: Popescu, Paul
name: Popescu, Marcela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C12, 57R10, 55R10, 55R15, 58A20

description: The purpose of this Note is to prove that each of the following conditions is equivalent to that of the foliation ${\cal F}$ is riemannian: 1) the lifted foliation ${\cal F}^{r}$ on the bundle of $r$-transverse jets is riemannian for an $r\geq 1$; 2) the foliation ${\cal F}_{0}^{r}$ on the slashed ${\cal J}_{0}^{r}$ is riemannian and vertically exact for an $r\geq 1 $; 3) there is a positively admissible transverse lagrangian on ${\cal J}%_{0}^{r}E$, the $r$-transverse slashed jet bundle of a foliated bundle $% E\rightarrow M$, for an $r\geq 1$.
description: 6 pages
A note on static metrics: the degenerate case
Creators: name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a 3-metric to be the adapted spatial metric of a static vacuum solution. This work accomplishes for the degenerate cases the already known study for the regular ones (Bartnik and Tod 2006 {\it Class. Quantum Grav.} {\bf 23} 569-571).
description: 5 pages
Autonomous Navigation by Robust Scan Matching Technique
Creators: name: Banerji, Debajyoti
name: Ray, Ranjit
name: Basu, Jhankar
name: Basak, Indrajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For effective autonomous navigation,estimation of the pose of the robot is essential at every sampling time. For computing an accurate estimation,odometric error needs to be reduced with the help of data from external sensor. In this work, a technique has been developed for accurate pose estimation of mobile robot by using Laser Range data. The technique is robust to noisy data, which may contain considerable amount of outliers. A grey image is formed from laser range data and the key points from this image are extracted by Harris corner detector. The matching of the key points from consecutive data sets have been done while outliers have been rejected by RANSAC method. Robot state is measured by the correspondence between the two sets of keypoints. Finally, optimal robot state is estimated by Extended Kalman Filter. The technique has been applied to an operational robot in the laboratory environment to show the robustness of the technique in presence of noisy sensor data. The performance of this new technique has been compared with that of conventional ICP method. Through this method, effective and accurate navigation has been achieved even in presence of substantial noise in the sensor data at the cost of a small amount of additional computational complexity.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Routine cancer screening in young dermatomyositis patients risks missing most occult malignancies
Creators: name: Kitts, Sarah
name: Kundrick, Avery
name: Maczuga, Steven
name: Olsen, Nancy
name: Foulke, Galen
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the incidence and types of malignancies in DM patients, focusing on young patients, and to estimate the percentage of cancers missed if only age-appropriate screening is utilized. Methods: The MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters database, a collection of private insurance claims data from 53 million Americans, was queried for patients with at least two separate diagnoses of DM by ICD9 code (710.3), separated by at least six months. Patients were grouped by age, and then by gender. The types of cancer in the DM group were determined using ICD-9 codes and compared to malignancies screened for by USPSTF and ACS guidelines. Results: 632 DM cases were identified across all age groups. 117 malignancies were identified and 71% of these occurred in areas not routinely screened for as recommended by age- and gender- appropriate (USPSTF) guidelines. 330 patients (52%) were under 50 years old. Among these cases, there were 28 malignancies. 100% of these cancers occurred in organs not routinely screened for. Conclusions: Our results agree with the well-defined risk for neoplasia with DM and highlight that younger patients have a considerably higher risk of developing a cancer with DM than matched controls. Development of evidence-based guidelines to optimize malignancy screening in adult DM patients of all ages is needed. Broad malignancy screening should include modalities for identifying cancer in organs poorly visualized on traditional imaging, such as the ovary and prostate. Special attention should be given to young DM patients as guidelines undergo development. Overall, our research supports the need for future studies aimed at optimizing malignancy screening in all patients with DM.
description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Radiation of de-excited electrons at large times in a strong electromagnetic plane wave
Creators: name: Kazinski, P. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The late time asymptotics of the physical solutions to the Lorentz-Dirac equation in the electromagnetic external fields of simple configurations -- the constant homogeneous field, the linearly polarized plane wave (in particular, the constant uniform crossed field), and the circularly polarized plane wave -- are found. The solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz equation for the external electromagnetic fields admitting a two-parametric symmetry group, which include as a particular case the above mentioned field configurations, are obtained. General properties of the total radiation power of a charged particle are established. In particular, for a circularly polarized wave and constant uniform crossed fields, the total radiation power in the asymptotic regime is independent of the charge and the external field strength, when expressed in terms of the proper-time, and equals a half of the rest energy of a charged particle divided by its proper-time. The spectral densities of the radiation power formed on the late time asymptotics are derived for a charged particle moving in the external electromagnetic fields of the simple configurations pointed above.
description: 37 pp., 1 fig
Gradient-flowed order parameter for spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Kengo
name: Nishiwaki, Kenji
name: Oda, Kin-ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge-invariant two-point function of the Higgs field at the same spacetime point can make a natural gauge-invariant order parameter for spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking. However, this composite operator is ultraviolet divergent and is not well defined. We propose using a gradient flow to cure the divergence from putting the fields at the same spacetime point. As a first step, we compute it for the Abelian Higgs model with a positive mass squared at the one-loop order in the continuum theory using the saddle-point method to estimate the finite part. The order parameter consistently goes to zero in the infrared limit of the infinite flow time.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures, minor changes, published version on EPJC
Analysis of a carbon dimer bound to a vacancy in iron using density functional theory and a new tight binding model
Creators: name: Paxton, A. T.
name: Elsaesser, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent density functional theory (DFT) calculations by Foerst et al. have predicted that vacancies in both low and high carbon steels have a carbon dimer bound to them. This is likely to change the thinking of metallurgists in the kinetics of the development of microstructures. While the notion of a C2 molecule bound to a vacancy in Fe will potentially assume a central importance in the atomistic modeling of steels, neither a recent tight binding (TB) model nor existing classical interatomic potentials can account for it. Here we present a new TB model for C in Fe, based on our earlier work for H in Fe, which correctly predicts the structure and energetics of the carbon dimer at a vacancy in Fe. Moreover the model is capable of dealing with both concentrated and dilute limits of carbon in both bcc-Fe and fcc-Fe as comparisons with DFT show. We use both DFT and TB to make a detailed analysis of the dimer and to come to an understanding as to what governs the choice of its curious orientation within the vacancy.
Prevalence of mutations in the cysteine desulfurase IscS gene in recurrent Plasmodium falciparum infections following artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) treatment in Matayos, Western Kenya
Creators: name: Kiboi, Daniel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: P. falciparum, cysteine desulfurase, artemether-lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, recurrent infections

description: Malaria remains a public health concern globally. Resistance to antimalarial drugs has consistently threatened the gains in controlling the malaria parasites. Currently, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) are the treatment regimens against Plasmodium falciparum infections in many African countries, including Kenya. Recurrent infections have been reported in patients treated with AL or DP, suggesting the possibility of reinfection or parasite recrudescence associated with the development of resistance against the two therapies. The Plasmodium falciparum cysteine desulfurase IscS (Pfnfs1) K65 selection marker has previously been associated with decreased lumefantrine susceptibility. Here, we evaluated the frequency of the Pfnfs1 K65 resistance marker and associated K65Q resistant allele in recurrent infections collected from P. falciparum-infected individuals living in Matayos, Busia County, in western Kenya. Archived dried blood spots (DBS) of patients with recurrent malaria infection on clinical follow-up days after treatment with either AL or DP were used in the study. After extraction of genomic DNA, PCR amplification and sequencing analysis were employed to determine the frequencies of the Pfnfs1 K65 resistance marker and mutant alleles in the recurrent infections. Of the total 64 recurrent infections in the two arms of the study, 44 were from the AL treatment arm, while 20 were from the DP treatment arm of the study. The K65 wild-type allele was detected at a frequency of 41% and the K65Q mutant allele at 27%. 56% of the K65 wild-type alleles detected were from AL-treated patients and 44% from DP-treated patients. 77% of the K65Q mutant alleles were detected in AL-treated patients, while 23% were from DP-treated patients. The data demonstrate a higher frequency of the K65 resistance marker in patients with recurrent infection during the study period. The study underscores the need for consistent monitoring of molecular markers of resistance in regions of high malaria transmission.
Factors Influencing Pediatric Recovery from Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Feldman, Andrew
name: Thomas, Sean
name: Hess, Joseph C.
name: Lewis, Mechelle M.
name: Engbrecht, Brett
name: Shirk, Beverly
name: Bramley, Harry
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: Many factors are linked to prolonged recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the pediatric population. This study investigated risk factors to aid anticipatory guidance and treatment strategies. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted utilizing 133 patients admitted to a pediatric trauma service at a Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Center. Results: No significant difference in recovery time was found based on acute injury severity as graded by initial Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) (GCS of 3-12 median recovery of 34 days vs GCS 13-15 median recovery of 34 days (p = 0.393)) and presence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (ICH median recovery of 34 days vs no ICH median recovery of 30 days (p = 0.506)). Patients with post-concussive sleep disturbances (median recovery of 53.5 days (p = 0.002)) and comorbid mood disorders (anxiety and/or depression median recovery of 143 days (p = 0.009), ADHD median recovery of 45 days (p = 0.012). showed an increased median recovery length. The median recovery time severe of moderate initial injury (GCS of 3-12 median recovery of 34 days (p = 0.00244)) and mild initial injury (GCS 13-15 median recovery of 34 days (p<0.001)) was longer as compared to outpatient studies (17 days). Conclusions: This study verified that GCS and ICH are not correlated, whereas sleep disturbances and comorbid mood disorders are strong prognostic factors for prolonged recovery. A longer median recovery time, compared to outpatient studies, suggests that patients admitted to a pediatric trauma service are at risk for prolonged recovery.
description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Theoretical model for en face optical coherence tomography imaging and its application to volumetric differential contrast imaging
Creators: name: Tomita, Kiriko
name: Makita, Shuichi
name: Fukutake, Naoki
name: Morishita, Rion
name: El-Sadek, Ibrahim Abd
name: Mukherjee, Pradipta
name: Lichtenegger, Antonia
name: Tamaoki, Junya
name: Bian, Lixuan
name: Kobayashi, Makoto
name: Mori, Tomoko
name: Matsusaka, Satoshi
name: Yasuno, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new formulation of lateral imaging process of point-scanning optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a new differential contrast method designed by using this formulation are presented. The formulation is based on a mathematical sample model called the dispersed scatterer model (DSM), in which the sample is represented as a material with a spatially slowly varying refractive index and randomly distributed scatterers embedded in the material. It is shown that the formulation represents a meaningful OCT image and speckle as two independent mathematical quantities. The new differential contrast method is based on complex signal processing of OCT images, and the physical and numerical imaging processes of this method are jointly formulated using the same theoretical strategy as in the case of OCT. The formula shows that the method provides a spatially differential image of the sample structure. This differential imaging method is validated by measuring in vivo and in vitro samples.
Local Spin Susceptibilities of Low-Dimensional Electron Systems
Creators: name: Stano, Peter
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Yacoby, Amir
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate, assess, and suggest possibilities for a measurement of the local spin susceptibility of a conducting low-dimensional electron system. The basic setup of the experiment we envisage is a source-probe one. Locally induced spin density (e.g. by a magnetized atomic force microscope tip) extends in the medium according to its spin susceptibility. The induced magnetization can be detected as a dipolar magnetic field, for instance, by an ultra-sensitive nitrogen-vacancy center based detector, from which the spatial structure of the spin susceptibility can be deduced. We find that one-dimensional systems, such as semiconducting nanowires or carbon nanotubes, are expected to yield a measurable signal. The signal in a two-dimensional electron gas is weaker, though materials with high enough $g$-factor (such as InGaAs) seem promising for successful measurements.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Say What? Barriers to Medical Interpretation at Hershey Medical Center
Creators: name: Patel, Deep
name: Levine, Louis
name: DeWaters, Ami
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Medical interpreters are widely known to improve the quality of healthcare for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP), however, they are critically underutilized. We surveyed third and fourth year medical students and internal medicine residents to assess barriers to using medical interpreters and solutions to overcoming these barriers. These trainees reported time, access and improper training as the most significant barriers and suggested formalized training on medical interpretation as a possible solution. Formalized training on medical interpretation use should be conducted to allow trainees to feel more comfortable using medical interpreters and improve the care provided to patients with LEP.
description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Controlling urban sprawl in the Las Vegas Valley through a mixed use zoning strategy
Creators: name: Pasinski, Gene Paul
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: Urban sprawl is one of the biggest issues facing communities throughout the country today. Urban sprawl is defined as a detrimental form of growth that occurs on the fringe of communities. Most urban areas in the United States are affected by this type of growth; This thesis will address the problems of urban sprawl within the Las Vegas Valley. It documents the effects of urban sprawl on the Valley's infrastructure cost, transportation, resource depletion and the environment; Strategies will be offered to control urban sprawl. Mixed use combined with increased land use density will emerge as the proposed solution for addressing the detrimental effects of urban sprawl. The benefits of mixed use as a strategy for controlling urban sprawl will be shown. The thesis demonstrates a way of implementing these strategies within existing Clark County ordinances.
Relativistic quantum communication between harmonic oscillator detectors
Creators: name: Lapponi, Alessio
name: Moustos, Dimitris
name: Bruschi, David Edward
name: Mancini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of communication employing two harmonic oscillator detectors interacting through a scalar field in a background Minkowski spacetime. In this way, the scalar field plays the role of a quantum channel, namely a Bosonic Gaussian channel. The classical and quantum capacities of the communication channel are found, assuming that the detectors' spatial dimensions are negligible compared to their distance. In particular, we study the evolution in time of the classical capacity after the detectors-field interaction is switched on for various detectors' frequencies and coupling strengths with the field. As a result, we find a finite value of these parameters optimizing the communication of classical messages. Instead, a reliable communication of quantum messages turns out to be always inhibited.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures
Micro-tearing modes in spherical and conventional tokamaks
Creators: name: Moradi, S.
name: Pusztai, I.
name: Guttenfelder, W.
name: Fülöp, T.
name: Mollén, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset and characteristics of Micro-Tearing Modes (MTM) in the core of spherical (NSTX) and conventional tokamaks (ASDEX-UG and JET) are studied through local linear gyrokinetic simulations with gyro [J. Candy and E. Belli, General Atomics Report GA-A26818 (2011)]. For experimentally relevant core plasma parameters in the NSTX and ASDEX-UG tokamaks, in agreement with previous works, we find MTMs as the dominant linear instability. Also, for JET-like core parameters considered in our study an MTM is found as the most unstable mode. In all these plasmas, finite collisionality is needed for MTMs to become unstable and the electron temperature gradient is found to be the fundamental drive. However, a significant difference is observed in the dependence of linear growth rate of MTMs on electron temperature gradient. While it varies weakly and non-monotonically in JET and ASDEX-UG plasmas, in NSTX it increases with the electron temperature gradient.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Évaluation certificative avec les activités Devoir et Test de Moodle : procédures et paramètres recommandés
Creators: name: Couture, Marc
name: Morin, Sonia
Publisher: name: Université de Sherbrooke, Service de soutien à la formation
Year: 2020
Subjects: Formation à distance
Moodle
Enseignement à distance
Étudiants--Évaluation
Apprentissage--Évaluation

description: Guide qui présente les activités Devoir et Test de Moodle dans une perspective d'évaluation des apprentissages. L’utilisation de ces outils comporte plusieurs avantages pour le personnel enseignant dont la centralisation de l’évaluation en un seul endroit (le site du cours), la réduction du temps requis pour effectuer la correction et l’efficacité dans la communication des résultats aux étudiants.
description: Ressources éducatives libres

REL

Open Educational Resources

OER
Approach to exact inflation in modified Friedmann equation
Creators: name: del Campo, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inflationary universe models that are characterized by a single scalar inflaton field. The study of these models are based on two dynamical equations; one corresponding to the Klein-Gordon equation for the inflaton field, and the other, to a generalized Friedmann equation. After describing the kinematics and dynamics of the models, we determine in some detail scalar density perturbations and relic gravitational waves. We apply this approach to the Friedmann-Chern-Simons and the brane-world inflationary models.
description: (20 pages, 5 figures, Accepted by JCAP)
If We Don’t Ask, Why Would They Tell? Provider and staff perceptions of LGBTQ and gender minority women seeking services in Women’s Health
Creators: name: Miller, Elizabeth
name: Smith, Carly
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: 34 people participated in a survey sent out by the Diversity Office to Women’s Health Staff regarding the treatment of gender minority and LGBTQ+ patients at Women’s Health. This survey was developed to study the areas for improvement in the treatment of gender minority and LGBTQ+ patients at Women’s Health. Methods: Participants included Women’s Health staff at the Penn State Hershey Medical Center. 23 Women’s Health clinical staff members and 11 non clinical staff members participated. 33 women and 1 man took the survey. Descriptive analyses were conducted using SPSS Version 25. Results: Clinical and nonclinical participants disagreed on average with the statement “My patients want me to ask them about their sexual orientation or gender identity.” When asked using an unmatched count technique, seven percent of participants report they are uncomfortable working with LGBTQ patients and 50% of participants report that they think that talking with LGBTQ patients about their orientation will create more work for them. Clinical and nonclinical participants on average did not have a clear stance with the statements indicating their familiarity with or preparation to meet the needs of LGBT patients. Conclusions: The majority of survey participants reported that they thought that their patients would not want to be asked about their sexual orientation or gender identity. About half of the staff at Women’s Health who took the survey felt that talking to LGBTQ and gender minority patients would create more work for them. Survey participants did not have a clear stance on personal preparedness regarding treatment of gender minority and LGBTQ+ patients.
description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
The migration of arsenic and lead in surface sediments at Three Kids Mine, Henderson, Nevada
Creators: name: Sims, Douglas Brian
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: This study focused on the distribution of arsenic and lead in surface sediments at Three Kids Mine in Henderson, Nevada. The mine site encompasses approximately 470 acres of desert and is situated above two developing communities (Lake Las Vegas and Calico Ridge) and the Las Vegas Valley's water source (Lake Mead); Transport of arsenic and lead appears to have occurred within a limited range in both the eastern and western washes on the eastern and western sides of Three Kids Mine. Concentrations of arsenic range between 20 mg/kg (ppm) and 1130 mg/kg and between 20 mg/kg and 8400 mg/kg for lead. Samples gathered from the north side of the site indicate a mixing of the natural soils which are low in arsenic and lead with much higher arsenic and lead levels which apparently originated from the milling process employed on the site. This migration of arsenic and lead apparently resulted from the transport of sediments containing arsenic and lead down gradient in surface runoff during storm events. Sorption of arsenic and lead onto the surfaces of soil particles is postulated to be the major source of transport during wet periods for this site. As a result, transport of arsenic and lead from the Three Kids Mine could possibly pose a threat to Lake Las Vegas if a catastrophic storm event or repeated storm events were to occur within a short period of time.
title: Kaiser Franz Joseph I. als Souverän des Ordens vom Goldenen Vlies, 1896: Ein Gemälde von Friedrich v. Thelen-Rüden
Creators: name: Peters, Ursula
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Nr. 46 (2015): KulturGut: aus der Forschung der Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Jahr: 2004
Maxwell-Dirac isomorphism revisited: from foundations of quantum mechanics to geometrodynamics and cosmology
Creators: name: Kholodenko, Arkady L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although electrons (fermions) and photons(bosons) produce the same interference patterns in the two-slit experiments, the description of these patterns is markedly different. Photons are spin one, relativistic and massless while electrons are spin 1/2 massive particles producing the same interference patterns. In spite of these differences, already in early 30ies of 20ieth century the isomorphism between the source-free Maxwell and Dirac equations was established. It permitted us to replace Born probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics with the optical. In 1925 Rainich combined source-free Maxwell equations with Einstein's equations for gravity. His results were rediscovered by Misner and Wheeler in their "geometrodynamics". Absence of sources in it remained a problem until Ranada's work. His results required the existence of null electromagnetic fields absent in geometrodynamics. They were added later on by Geroch. Ranada's solutions of source-free Maxwell's equations came out as knots and links. In this work new proof of knotty nature of the electron is established. The obtained result perfectly blends with the descripion of rotating and charged black hole.
description: 60 pages , no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1703.04674
Political corruption in sub-Saharan Africa: A comparative assessment of Kenya, Nigeria, and Zaire/Congo
Creators: name: Ondieki, Kennedy Geoffrey
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: Legally, politically, academically, and culturally, political corruption eludes clear, precise, and comprehensive definition. It is a universal phenomenon that afflicts every political system. It means different things to different people. It manifests itself in a variety of ways in both developed and developing countries. It is considered morally, economically, politically, and socially devastating. This thesis addresses the dynamics of political corruption in sub-Saharan Africa and explores some central and perplexing questions. How is it that one of the most serious problems in sub-Saharan Africa receives such limited attention despite its magnitude, pervasiveness, and consequences? Is political corruption a cultural characteristic of the African continent? What do the peoples of Africa think about political corruption? What are their historical, cultural, and contemporary explanations for corruption, i.e., its definitions, causes, effects, and remedies? Indeed, we cannot understand political corruption in sub-Saharan Africa outside the framework of the legacy of colonialism, neo-colonialism, the "Big Men", tribalism and nepotism, underdevelopment, and frustrated economies. These factors are discussed in detail. Three country case studies--Kenya, Nigeria, and Zaire/Congo--are discussed to demonstrate how corruption can frustrate, impede, and paralyze all developmental efforts, administrative performance, economic growth, and social and political integration in Africa. Finally, some critical remedies are suggested to eradicate political corruption in sub-Saharan Africa.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Filtration Efficiency of Alternative Mask Filter Materials
Creators: name: Berger, Daniel
name: Eichfeld, Chad
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate the filtration efficiency of selected materials for use in mask construction to provide protection from the COVID-19 virus. Methods: A particle counter was utilized to measure particle penetration through each of the material samples. Filtration efficiencies were calculated for the following particle sizes in each of the samples: 0.3 µm, 0.5 µm, 1 µm, 3 µm, 5 µm, 10 µm. Results: The N95 respirator, 4-ply meltblown fabric samples, and 2-ply MERV 15 bag filter had a filtration efficiency concurrent with the NIOSH requirements for an N95 respirator with filtration efficiencies at 0.3 µm of 98.0%, 95.4%, and 95.1% respectively. Of the samples that tested that did not meet the N95 specifications, the cleanroom mask and KN95 mask were the closest with a filtration efficiency at 0.3 µm of 86.3% and 83.9% respectively. Of the non-traditional mask materials tested, the 3-ply sterilization wrap and some of the felt samples provided superior filtration efficiency over cotton and paper towels. Conclusions: While some of the materials tested had a high enough filtration efficiency to warrant further exploration for use in masks as filter material, further testing is required before they could be utilized. Much of the material tested was inferior to commercially manufactured masks.
description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Salt Lake City art projects, 1972
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021

description: Art film by Gianni Pettena shot in the Salt Lake City area. The first one is introduced with a title reading "CLY HSE (Situation #4), S.L.C., Utah" and involves covering a house with clay. The others are "TMBLWD TWR (Situation #5)" and "SIEGE (a red plot) Situation #6".
The influence of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment on belowground growth
Creators: name: Salsman, Katrina J
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: Root growth under elevated atmospheric CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar} was examined with the intention of quantifying the effects of elevated CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar} on growth, cell wall characteristics and root carbon status of three herbaceous legumes: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus acutifolius Gray and Pisum sativum L. Plants were grown hydroponically in 0.1 strength Hoagland's solution in the UNLV greenhouse at atmospheric CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar} concentrations of ambient (350 {dollar}\mu{dollar}mol mol{dollar}\sp{-1}),{dollar} 1.5x ambient (550 {dollar}\mu{dollar}mol mol{dollar}\sp{-1}){dollar} and 2x ambient (700 {dollar}\mu{dollar}mol mol{dollar}\sp{-1}).{dollar} Root biomass increased under elevated CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar} for P. acutifolius and P. sativum, but not for P. vulgaris. Phaseolus vulgaris roots grew faster during the day under elevated CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar}, P. acutifolius root growth rate increased at night, and P. sativum root growth rate did not change. In spite of these variable changes in growth rates, root:shoot ratios decreased in all three species studied. Measurements of biophysical growth parameters were inconclusive. Starch and ABA concentrations of P. acutifolius roots increased under 2x ambient CO{dollar}\sb2.{dollar} Increased carbon allocation to the roots presumably indicated a strong sink of rapidly elongating cells, possibly directed by ABA. An understanding of the effect of elevated CO{dollar}\sb2{dollar} on belowground growth processes will be necessary to predict the impact of increased industrialization on crop production and ecosystem functioning.
Digitally synthesized beat frequency multiplexing for sub-millisecond fluorescence microscopy
Creators: name: Diebold, Eric D.
name: Buckley, Brandon W.
name: Gossett, Daniel R.
name: Jalali, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluorescence imaging is the most widely used method for unveiling the molecular composition of biological specimens. However, the weak optical emission of fluorescent probes and the tradeoff between imaging speed and sensitivity is problematic for acquiring blur-free images of fast phenomena, such as sub-millisecond biochemical dynamics in live cells and tissues, and cells flowing at high speed. We report a solution that achieves real-time pixel readout rates one order of magnitude faster than a modern electron multiplier charge coupled device (EMCCD) - the gold standard in high-speed fluorescence imaging technology. Deemed fluorescence imaging using radiofrequency-multiplexed excitation (FIRE), this approach maps the image into the radiofrequency spectrum using the beating of digitally synthesized optical fields. We demonstrate diffraction-limited confocal fluorescence imaging of stationary cells at a frame rate of 4.4 kHz, as well as fluorescence microscopy in flow at a throughput of approximately 50,000 cells per second.
description: Main text, 4 figures, supplemental information
Adverse events from new targeted therapies, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, in a patient with metastatic melanoma
Creators: name: Dinh, Mary
name: Portas, Louis J.
name: Albert, Adam J.
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Inertial effects in ultrafast spin dynamics
Creators: name: Mondal, Ritwik
name: Rózsa, Levente
name: Farle, Michael
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Nowak, Ulrich
name: Cherkasskii, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of magnetic moments consist of a precession around the magnetic field direction and a relaxation towards the field to minimize the energy. While the magnetic moment and the angular momentum are conventionally assumed to be parallel to each other, at ultrafast time scales their directions become separated due to inertial effects. The inertial dynamics give rise to additional high-frequency modes in the excitation spectrum of magnetic materials. Here, we review the recent theoretical and experimental advances in this emerging topic and discuss the open challenges and opportunities in the detection and the potential applications of inertial spin dynamics.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Aurora Kinase A Is Involved in Controlling the Localization of Aquaporin-2 in Renal Principal Cells
Creators: name: Baltzer, Sandrine
name: Bulatov, Timur
name: Schmied, Christopher
name: Krämer, Andreas
name: Berger, Benedict-Tilman
name: Oder, Andreas
name: Walker-Gray, Ryan
name: Kuschke, Christin
name: Zühlke, Kerstin
name: Eichhorst, Jenny
name: Lehmann, Martin
name: Knapp, Stefan
name: Weston, John
name: Von Kries, Jens Peter
name: Süssmuth, Roderich D.
name: Klussmann, Enno
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: AURKA
subject: AQP2
subject: AVP
subject: cofilin-1
subject: actin cytoskeleton

description: The cAMP-dependent aquaporin-2 (AQP2) redistribution from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells induces water reabsorption and fine-tunes body water homeostasis. However, the mechanisms controlling the localization of AQP2 are not understood in detail. Using immortalized mouse medullary collecting duct (MCD4) and primary rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells as model systems, we here discovered a key regulatory role of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in the control of AQP2. The AURKA-selective inhibitor Aurora-A inhibitor I and novel derivatives as well as a structurally different inhibitor, Alisertib, prevented the cAMP-induced redistribution of AQP2. Aurora-A inhibitor I led to a depolymerization of actin stress fibers, which serve as tracks for the translocation of AQP2-bearing vesicles to the plasma membrane. The phosphorylation of cofilin-1 (CFL1) inactivates the actin-depolymerizing function of CFL1. Aurora-A inhibitor I decreased the CFL1 phosphorylation, accounting for the removal of the actin stress fibers and the inhibition of the redistribution of AQP2. Surprisingly, Alisertib caused an increase in actin stress fibers and did not affect CFL1 phosphorylation, indicating that AURKA exerts its control over AQP2 through different mechanisms. An involvement of AURKA and CFL1 in the control of the localization of AQP2 was hitherto unknown.
A Discussion of Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration - Characteristics, Presentations, And Etiologies
Creators: name: Henry, April
name: Welkie, Janelle
name: Shankar, Lakshmi
Publisher: name: Penn State Journal of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Penn State Journal of Medicine, Vol 1 (2020): Penn State Journal of Medicine - Fall 2020 Edition
Assorted, Archetypal and Annotated Two Million (3A2M) Cooking Recipes Dataset based on Active Learning
Creators: name: Sakib, Nazmus
name: Shahariar, G. M.
name: Kabir, Md. Mohsinul
name: Hasan, Md. Kamrul
name: Mahmud, Hasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cooking recipes allow individuals to exchange culinary ideas and provide food preparation instructions. Due to a lack of adequate labeled data, categorizing raw recipes found online to the appropriate food genres is a challenging task in this domain. Utilizing the knowledge of domain experts to categorize recipes could be a solution. In this study, we present a novel dataset of two million culinary recipes labeled in respective categories leveraging the knowledge of food experts and an active learning technique. To construct the dataset, we collect the recipes from the RecipeNLG dataset. Then, we employ three human experts whose trustworthiness score is higher than 86.667% to categorize 300K recipe by their Named Entity Recognition (NER) and assign it to one of the nine categories: bakery, drinks, non-veg, vegetables, fast food, cereals, meals, sides and fusion. Finally, we categorize the remaining 1900K recipes using Active Learning method with a blend of Query-by-Committee and Human In The Loop (HITL) approaches. There are more than two million recipes in our dataset, each of which is categorized and has a confidence score linked with it. For the 9 genres, the Fleiss Kappa score of this massive dataset is roughly 0.56026. We believe that the research community can use this dataset to perform various machine learning tasks such as recipe genre classification, recipe generation of a specific genre, new recipe creation, etc. The dataset can also be used to train and evaluate the performance of various NLP tasks such as named entity recognition, part-of-speech tagging, semantic role labeling, and so on. The dataset will be available upon publication: https://tinyurl.com/3zu4778y.
Estimation of the finite right endpoint in the Gumbel domain
Creators: name: Alves, Isabel Fraga
name: Neves, Cláudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A simple estimator for the finite right endpoint of a distribution function in the Gumbel max-domain of attraction is proposed. Large sample properties such as consistency and the asymptotic distribution are derived. A simulation study is also presented.
Kaehlerian three-manifold groups
Creators: name: Kotschick, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 32Q15, 57M05, 57N10, secondary 14F35, 20F05

description: We prove that if the fundamental group of an arbitrary three-manifold -- not necessarily closed, nor orientable -- is a Kaehler group, then it is either finite or the fundamental group of a closed orientable surface.
description: 4 pages
Luminosity-dependent unification of Active Galactic Nuclei and the X-ray Baldwin effect
Creators: name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Paltani, Stephane
name: Awaki, Hisamitsu
name: Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Brightman, Murray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of an anti-correlation between the equivalent width (EW) of the narrow core of the iron Kalpha line and the luminosity of the continuum (i.e. the X-ray Baldwin effect) in type-I active galactic nuclei has been confirmed over the last years by several studies carried out with XMM-Newton, Chandra and Suzaku. However, so far no general consensus on the origin of this trend has been reached. Several works have proposed the decrease of the covering factor of the molecular torus with the luminosity (in the framework of the luminosity-dependent unification models) as a possible explanation for the X-ray Baldwin effect. Using the fraction of obscured sources measured by recent X-ray and IR surveys as a proxy of the half-opening angle of the torus, and the recent Monte-Carlo simulations of the X-ray radiation reprocessed by a structure with a spherical-toroidal geometry by Ikeda et al. (2009) and Brightman & Nandra (2011), we test the hypothesis that the X-ray Baldwin effect is related to the decrease of the half-opening angle of the torus with the luminosity. Simulating the spectra of an unabsorbed population with a luminosity-dependent covering factor of the torus as predicted by recent X-ray surveys, we find that this mechanism is able to explain the observed X-ray Baldwin effect. Fitting the simulated data with a log-linear L_{2-10keV}-EW relation, we found that in the Seyfert regime (L_{2-10keV}< 10^44.2 erg s^-1) luminosity-dependent unification produces a slope consistent with the observations for average values of the equatorial column densities of the torus of log N_H^T > 23.1. In the quasar regime (L_{2-10 keV}> 10^44.2 erg s^-1) a decrease of the covering factor of the torus with the luminosity slower than that observed in the Seyfert regime (as found by recent hard X-ray surveys) is able to reproduce the observations for 23.2 < log N_H^T < 24.2.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for pubblication in A&A
CrossCode: Multi-level Visualization of Program Execution
Creators: name: Hayatpur, Devamardeep
name: Xia, Haijun
name: Wigdor, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; I.2.7

description: Program visualizations help to form useful mental models of how programs work, and to reason and debug code. But these visualizations exist at a fixed level of abstraction, e.g., line-by-line. In contrast, programmers switch between many levels of abstraction when inspecting program behavior. Based on results from a formative study of hand-designed program visualizations, we designed CrossCode, a web-based program visualization system for JavaScript that leverages structural cues in syntax, control flow, and data flow to aggregate and navigate program execution across multiple levels of abstraction. In an exploratory qualitative study with experts, we found that CrossCode enabled participants to maintain a strong sense of place in program execution, was conducive to explaining program behavior, and helped track changes and updates to the program state.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures Submitted to CHI 2023: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems