Salvia speciosa C. Presl ex Bentham 1833
Creators: name: Fragoso-Martínez, Itzi
name: Martínez-Gordillo, Martha
name: Uría, Rolando
name: Salazar, Gerardo A.
name: Peñafiel, Marcia
name: Tobar, Francisco
name: Montesinos, Kabir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia speciosa

description: Salvia speciosa C.Presl ex Bentham (1833: 272). Fig. 2   
 Type:— PERU. Huánuco, 1832, T . Haenke 24332 (Lectotype: PR [24332]! (designated by Epling 1935); isolectotype: K [000479427]!). Salvia mathewsii Bentham (1835: 722). Type:— PERU. Purrochuca & Obrajilla, 1833, A . Mathews 660 (Lectotype: K [000479426]!   
(designated by Epling 1935); isolectotypes, G [00435600]!, K [000479425]!).  
Suffruticose subshrubs, erect, 2.5–4 m tall; stems fistulose, green or vinaceous, surface glabrescent. Leaves membranaceous, with sparsely hirsute to glabrescent petioles, (3) 5–11 cm long; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (6.5–)10–23 × (4.5–) 6.5–13 cm, apex acute to acuminate, margin crenate-serrate or serrate, base cordate, both leaf surfaces glabrescent, in young leaves the lower surface tomentose. Inflorescences densely crowded to lax, terminal, racemose, 20–40 cm long, peduncles ca. 10 cm long; with 3–12 flowers per verticillaster, verticillasters 1.5–2 cm apart, rachis densely hirsute with white to light yellow glandular trichomes. Bracts persistent at anthesis, green or vinaceous, broadly ovate, 1.3–2.3× 0.7–2 cm, apex caudate, margin entire, ciliate. Flowers with pedicels 0.5–1.5 cm long, hirsute. Calyx vinaceous, glaucous or green with vinaceous to almost black lobes, 1.5–1.8(–2) cm long, base glandular-pilose, lobes hirtellous or glabrescent; calyx tube cylindrical, arcuate, 1–1.2(–1.4) cm long; upper lobe 5-veined, obtuse, 3–4 mm long, lower lobes acute, 2.8–3.4 mm long. Corolla burgundy to deep purple, almost black, nectar guides as a spot near the throat, lighter than the lips, 2.4–2.7 cm long; corolla tube epapillate, cylindrical, arcuate, 1.5–1.7 cm long; upper lip straight, emarginate, 0.7–1 cm long, lower lip reflexed, 4-lobate, 1–2 cm long. Stamens exserted; filaments 5–7 mm long, burgundy or deep purple, glabrous; connectives 4.5–6.5 cm long, burgundy or deep purple, straight, glabrate, lacking teeth; thecae yellow; staminodes 2, filiform. Style burgundy or deep purple, exserted, 6–7 cm long, glabrous, bilobate; lobes complanate, upper lobe shorter than the lower lobe; nectar gland deltoid, ventral surface with sessile glands ca. 4 mm long. Mericarps oblong, complanate, winged, 4–5 mm long, tan, glabrous, apex bifurcated.  
 Distribution, habitat and phenology: — Salvia speciosa is restricted to Peru, inhabiting montane forests at elevations of 2500–3510 m. Flowering occurs from April to September.   
 Additional specimens examined: — PERU. Cajamarca: Prov. Cajamarca, distrito Cajamarca, lugar Porcón Alto km 21, a unos 100 m del desvío, 3260 m, 10 June 1993, J . Cabanillas & J. Guevara 465 (CPUN!); El Chiche, 7°5’7.5”S, 78°23’58.5”W, 2888 m, 15 July 2016, R . Uría & F. Lozano Pe-16-0096 (MEXU!). Prov. Contumazá, La Pampa, debajo de Guzmango, 2500 m, 24 July 1977, A . Sagástegui & J. Mostacero 9062 (K!). Prov. San Marcos, en la cúspide del cerro Quinua, 3200 m, 10 April 1991, I . Sanchez Vega et al. 5525 (CPUN!). La Libertad: Prov. Otuzco, Peña Loro (Sinsicap-San Ignacio), 2600 m, 22 April 1995, A . Sagástegui et al. 15681 (K!, QCA!); Prov. Santiago de Chuco, Santiago de Chuco-Cachicadán, 2700 m, 14 June 1984, A . Sagástegui et al. 11840 (MEXU!).
description: Published as part of Fragoso-Martínez, Itzi, Martínez-Gordillo, Martha, Uría, Rolando, Salazar, Gerardo A., Peñafiel, Marcia, Tobar, Francisco & Montesinos, Kabir, 2021, Notes on Salvia subgenus Calosphace section Macrostachyae (Lamiaceae) from Ecuador with a new record, pp. 71-79 in Phytotaxa 521 (2) on pages 74-76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.521.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5533539