An Archaeological Sample Survey of the Middle Santa Cruz River Basin, Picacho Reservoir to Tucson, Arizona: A Class II Survey of the Proposed Tucson Aqueduct Phase A, Central Arizona Project
Creators: name: McCarthy, Carol Heathington
Publisher: name: Cultural Resource Management Division, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: McClellan Wash
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76798/mcclellan-wash
subject: Red Rock Reservoir
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/8719/red-rock-reservoir
subject: Tucson Aqueduct
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/78404/tucson-aqueduct
subject: Picacho Mountains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/16532/picacho-mountains
subject: Picacho Reservoir
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/54281/picacho-reservoir
subject: Hohokam pre-Classic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/141/hohokam-pre-classic-period
subject: Hohokam Classic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/144/hohokam-classic-period
subject: Historic Pima
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5621/historic-pima
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: AZ AA:12:124(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/12271/az-aa12124asm
subject: AZ AA:7:15(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/6130/az-aa715asm
subject: AZ AA:7:27(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/6206/az-aa727asm
subject: AZ AA:7:32(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/6207/az-aa732asm
subject: AZ AA:12:125(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26116/az-aa12125asm
subject: AZ AA:3:28(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26180/az-aa328asm
subject: AZ AA:3:29(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26181/az-aa329asm
subject: AZ AA:3:31(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26182/az-aa331asm
subject: AZ AA:3:32(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26183/az-aa332asm
subject: AZ AA:7:1(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26184/az-aa71asm
subject: AZ AA:7:25(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26185/az-aa725asm
subject: AZ AA:7:26(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26186/az-aa726asm
subject: AZ AA:7:28(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26187/az-aa728asm
subject: AZ AA:7:29(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26188/az-aa729asm
subject: AZ AA:7:30(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26189/az-aa730asm
subject: AZ AA:7:31(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26190/az-aa731asm
subject: AZ AA:7:33(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26191/az-aa733asm
subject: AZ AA:7:34(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26192/az-aa734asm
subject: AZ AA:12:119(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26193/az-aa12119asm
subject: AZ AA:12:120(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26194/az-aa12120asm
subject: AZ AA:12:121(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26195/az-aa12121asm
subject: AZ AA:12:122(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26196/az-aa12122asm
subject: AZ AA:12:123(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26197/az-aa12123asm
subject: AZ AA:12:126(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26198/az-aa12126asm
subject: AZ AA:12:127(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26199/az-aa12127asm
subject: AZ AA:12:128(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/26200/az-aa12128asm
subject: AZ AA:12:118 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/19675/az-aa12118-asm
subject: AZ AA:3:30(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/17053/az-aa330asm
subject: AZ AA:3:9(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/10729/az-aa39asm
subject: AZ AA:3:19(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/6122/az-aa319asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Agricultural Field or Field Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/274/agricultural-field-or-field-feature
subject: Reservoir
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/277/reservoir
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Settlements
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/252/settlements
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Dating Sample
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3/dating-sample
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Picacho Mountains Prehistory
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/107839/picacho-mountains-prehistory
subject: Tortolita Mountains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/151846/tortolita-mountains
subject: Picacho Mountains Archaeology
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/108362/picacho-mountains-archaeology
subject: Tucson Mountains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/134841/tucson-mountains
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This report presents the results of the Class II (sample) survey of the Tucson Division of the Central Arizona Project. The survey was designed to test the predictive model developed as a part of the Class I (overview) survey of the project area (Westfall 1979). Statistical tests using the survey data show that the model was not particularly successful in predicting the location of cultural resources within the survey area and that it definitely underestimated the archaeological sensitivity of Zone 4, the creosote-bursage community, which covers most of the project area. Although there was no significant difference in the frequency of sites between zones, the survey results suggest that Zone 3, which includes the desert wash systems of the area, is relatively higher in archaeological sensitivity. An alternate model based on topography and availability of water is evaluated using the survey data. This model may provide a more accurate approximation of site distribution. Finally, recommendations for selection of an aqueduct alignment or alignments and for future archaeological work are provided. As suggested by Westfall, the areas along major water sources such as the Santa Cruz River, McClellan, Brady, and possibly Durham washes, are high in archaeological sensitivity. More sites and larger, more complex sites are concentrated in these areas; construction in these areas should be minimized or avoided if possible. Additional archaeological studies should attempt to assess the relationships between sites, and to determine whether the topographic model proposed in this report may be a reliable predictor of site location. Further survey may permit refinement of this model, or may suggest an alternative which is a better estimator of site distribution. The necessary data concerning functional site types are not readily derived from surface observations, and model testing may await excavation of some sites in the area.