Glyphodes formosanus Shibuya 1928
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Glyphodes
Glyphodes formosanus

description: Glyphodes formosanus Shibuya, 1928
(Figs. 1L, 4E, 4F, 5D, 5E)
Margaronia pryeri formosana Shibuya, 1928: 240. TL: Taiwan, Ranrun.
Glyphodes formosanus: Nuss et al., 2003 –2021.
Material examined. 1 male, 1 female, Chongju, CB: Chongju, 2020.07.17. (Kim SS).
Diagnosis. Glyphodes formosanus can be distinguished by the whitish forewing with the bar-shaped, slanted, dark brown antemedial line, the dark brown Y-shaped medial line and subtermen, and the whitish hindwing with dark brown V-shaped medial line with a large dot-shaped discal dot and the dark brown subtermen tinged with blackish scales. Glyphodes formosanus is externally similar to G. pryeri Butler, 1879 in wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the relatively thin antemedial band and Y-shaped medial line of the forewing, and the large discal dot and the blackish subterminal line of the hindwing.
Description. Wingspan 23 mm. Antennae filiform; frons broad, yellowish white; maxillary palpi minute, tip whitish; labial palpi moderate in length, about twice to eye diameter, white, 2 nd segment tinged with dark brownish scales. Body white. Forewing light white in ground color; basal part brownish thick slanted band; antemedial line band-shaped, brown with black border, posterior line dorsally extended and almost meet postmedial line; postmedian Y-shaped brown band, left arm relatively thick and with a medial white large dot, right arm tapered from costa to middle; central fascia with an anterior black dot; subtermen brownish with white band, bordered with a black dentate line; termen lined with black; fringe brownish hairs. Hindwing basally whitish, V-shaped brown band on dorsum and postmedian; antemedial with a brown stone-shaped dot; subtermen brownish with a dark brown or blackish thick line and tinged with dark brown scales on costa and dorsum; termen lined with black. Male genitalia. Uncus long, basally and medially thin, distally expanded, apex claw-shaped; gnathos simple; juxta narrow strip-shaped; saccus rounded. Valva broad, distally expanded; costa basally sclerotized, bent, tapered, distally convex, hairy; fibula thin, waved process with a sharp tip; sacculus triangular, distally sharply pointed. Aedeagus stout, about 13 spinular cornuti in different sizes from long to short. Female genitalia. Papillae anales small; posterior apophyses thin, about the equal length of 8 th segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally, slightly longer than 8 th segment; ostium bursae tube-shaped, ventrally thin, band-shaped sclerotization; ductus bursae long, posterior 1/2 strongly sclerotized, medially with ductus seminalis, anteriorly broader and twisted twice; corpus bursae small ovate, an irregular shape of signa patch with minute spicules.
Distribution. South Korea, Taiwan, and Japan.
DNA barcoding. One specimen from South Korea (OK501203) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between G. formosanus and its relative, G. pyloalis Walker was 7.2%.
Remarks. The genus Glyphodes, one of the species-rich groups of the Crambidae, comprises 156 species worldwide and the foodplants of the genus are primarily the latex-containing Moraceae and Apocynaceae (Mally et al., 2019). In Japan, many species of Glyphodes (e.g., G. bipunctalis Leech, G. bivitralis Guenée, G. pryeri Butler, G. pyloalis Walker) feed on the species of Moraceae (http://www.jpmoth.org). In South Korea, seven species of Glyphodes are known.
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069