cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of Reliability Model for Residential Solar Photovoltaic Energy Systems Using MCMC
Creators: name: Mukai, T.
name: Abe, N.
name: Ueda, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3229-3233
description: The present work develops a probabilistic model of replacement time for residential PV systems, which
enables us to predict a range of replacement probability at arbitrary time with the degree of uncertainty, based on an
actual dataset used for the parameter estimation. For estimating the model parameters, the dataset of replacement records
provided by Japanese PV owners group, PV-Net, is used, which is unique and rich to be analyzed. In this paper, the
probabilistic model is specified through Bayesian approach, which estimates the marginal posteriors of multiple
parameters on replacement density and reliability distributions. To investigate the model’s applicability, warranty cost for
a hypothetical manufacturer is calculated.
PDFs from nucleons to nuclei
Creators: name: Accardi, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent progress in the extraction of unpolarized parton distributions in the proton and in nuclei from a unified point of view that highlights how the interplay between high energy particle physics and lower energy nuclear physics can be of mutual benefit to either field. Areas of overlap range from the search for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC, to the study of the non perturbative structure of nucleons and the emergence of nuclei from quark and gluon degrees of freedom, to the interaction of colored probes in a cold nuclear medium.
description: Pleanary talk delivered at DIS 2015, Dallas, TX (USA), 27 April - May 1 2015
Releasing Coatings for PV-Si Processing by Liquid Routes: Comparison between the Conventional and a New High-Purity Coating
Creators: name: Huguet, C.
name: Brizé, V.
name: Bailly, S.
name: Lignier, H.
name: Flahaut, E.
name: Drevet, B.
name: Camel, D.
name: Eustathopoulos, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 914-919
description: Photovoltaic silicon ingot casting is currently performed in silica crucibles covered by a porous silicon nitride coating
which prevents sticking of solidified silicon to the crucible. The purpose of this work is to perform a comparative
study of interactions (i.e. wetting, infiltration and adhesion) in the Si / coating / SiO2 system for two types of
coatings, the conventional coating and a new one produced from a polysilazane precursor. The main interest of this
new coating is its higher purity allowing a significant reduction of the silicon pollution by impurities contained in the
contact material. The interpretations of physical phenomena are based on wetting experiments performed by the
sessile drop technique and on microstructure characterizations. Small ingots are crystallized in conditions
representatives of industrial processes with two different types of coatings in order to compare their releasing
behaviour and influence on electrical properties.
Sensitivity of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells to Metal Impurities
Creators: name: Coletti, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 941-943
description: The sensitivity to impurities of the solar cell conversion efficiency is reported for a state of the art (i.e.
18%) and advance device architecture (i.e. 23%). The data are based on the experimental results obtained in the
CrystalClear project for the state of the art cell process and extrapolated to a device with excellent front and rear
surface passivation. Both device structures are not assumed to work in low injection level as several studies assumed
before but real operating conditions are considered. This is a fundamental difference with the past and required for
modeling future high efficiency devices. In general advanced devices will be more sensitive to the impurity content
than the state of the art cell design. This effect is partly compensated by reducing the base thickness. In high
efficiency devices, a large reduction of the impurity impact is visible for impurities with large capture cross section
ratio like Fe which reduces its relative difference in comparison with e.g. Cr which has a small capture cross section
ratio.
On causality in nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics of the Plebański class
Creators: name: Schellstede, Gerold O.
name: Perlick, Volker
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Plebański class of electrodynamical theories, i.e., theories of nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics that derive from a Lorentz-invariant Lagrangian (or Hamiltonian). In any such theory the light rays are the lightlike geodesics of two optical metrics that depend on the electromagnetic background field. A set of necessary and sufficient conditions is found whose fulfillment secures that the optical metrics are causal in the sense that the light rays are lightlike or timelike with respect to the underlying space-time metric. Thereupon we derive conditions on the Lagrangian, or the Hamiltonian, of the theory such that the causality conditions are satisfied for all background fields. (The allowed values of the field strength tensor are those for which the excitation tensor is finite and real.) The general results are illustrated with several examples.
description: 21 pages
Role of the total isospin 3/2 component in three-nucleon reactions
Creators: name: Witała, H.
name: Golak, J.
name: Skibiński, R.
name: Topolnicki, K.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Hebeler, K.
name: Kamada, H.
name: Krebs, H.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
name: Nogga, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of the three-nucleon isospin T=3/2 amplitude in elastic neutron-deuteron scattering and in the deuteron breakup reaction. The contribution of this amplitude originates from charge-independence breaking of the nucleon-nucleon potential and is driven by the difference between neutron-neutron (proton-proton) and neutron-proton forces. We study the magnitude of that contribution to the elastic scattering and breakup observables, taking the locally regularized chiral N4LO nucleon-nucleon potential supplemented by the chiral N2LO three-nucleon force. For comparison we employ also the Av18 nucleon-nucleon potential combined with the Urbana IX three-nucleon force. We find that the isospin T=3/2 component is important for the breakup reaction and the proper treatment of charge-independence breaking in this case requires the inclusion of the 1S0 state with isospin T=3/2. For neutron-deuteron elastic scattering the T=3/2 contributions are insignificant and charge-independence breaking can be accounted for by using the effective t-matrix generated with the so-called "2/3-1/3" rule.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 3 Tables
Picosecond laser filamentation in air
Creators: name: Schmitt-Sody, Andreas
name: Kurz, Heiko G.
name: Bergé, L.
name: Skupin, S.
name: Polynkin, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of intense picosecond laser pulses in air in the presence of strong nonlinear self-action effects and air ionization is investigated experimentally and numerically. The model used for numerical analysis is based on the nonlinear propagator for the optical field coupled with the rate equations for the production of various ionic species and plasma temperature. Our results show that the phenomenon of plasma-driven intensity clamping, which is paramount in femtosecond laser filamentation, holds for picosecond pulses. Furthermore, the temporal pulse distortions are limited and the pulse fluence is also clamped. The resulting unique feature of the picosecond filamentation regime is the production of a broad, fully ionized air channel, continuous both longitudinally and transversely, which may be instrumental for numerous applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
19% Efficient n-Type Si Solar Cells Made in Pilot Production
Creators: name: Burgers, A.R.
name: Naber, R.C.G.
name: Carr, A.J.
name: Barton, P.C.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
name: Xiong, X.
name: Li, L.
name: Weipeng, S.
name: Haijiao, A.
name: Hu, H.
name: Venema, P.R.
name: Vlooswijk, A.H.G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1106-1109
description: We present the status of our process development of n-base silicon solar cells, and progress towards its
industrial implementation. Independently confirmed efficiencies for Cz of 18.65% (239 cm2) have been obtained, and
cells since then have already shown further improvement to more than 19%. To our knowledge these are the highest
stable efficiencies obtained with industrial processing on 6 inch n-type wafers. We present an update of our process
development, including efficiency improvements, transfer to 6 inch size, and key features of the current cells. Results
are illustrated with data from Yingli PANDA pilot production.
Interactive Modeling of Concept Drift and Errors in Relevance Feedback
Creators: name: Kangasrääsiö, Antti
name: Chen, Yi
name: Głowacka, Dorota
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3; H.5.2

description: Users giving relevance feedback in exploratory search are often uncertain about the correctness of their feedback, which may result in noisy or even erroneous feedback. Additionally, the search intent of the user may be volatile as the user is constantly learning and reformulating her search hypotheses during the search. This may lead to a noticeable concept drift in the feedback. We formulate a Bayesian regression model for predicting the accuracy of each individual user feedback and thus find outliers in the feedback data set. Additionally, we introduce a timeline interface that visualizes the feedback history to the user and gives her suggestions on which past feedback is likely in need of adjustment. This interface also allows the user to adjust the feedback accuracy inferences made by the model. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the performance of the new user model outperforms a simpler baseline and that the performance approaches that of an oracle, given a small amount of additional user interaction. A user study shows that the proposed modelling technique, combined with the timeline interface, makes it easier for the users to notice and correct mistakes in their feedback, and to discover new items.
Effect of Encapsulation Modulus on the Response of PV Modules to Mechanical Stress
Creators: name: Mickiewicz, R.
name: Li, B.
name: Doble, D.M.J.
name: Christian, T.
name: Lloyd, J.
name: Stokes, A.
name: Völker, C.
name: Winter, M.
name: Ketola, B.
name: Norris, A.
name: Shephard, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3157-3161
description: The crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) module is a laminate assembly composed of materials with widely
varying mechanical and thermal properties. The properties of these materials are important factors influencing the
performance and reliability of modules following exposure to external mechanical stress. In particular, a key role of
encapsulation is to protect the solar cells from external stresses, yet some encapsulant mechanical properties can vary with
temperature. Since current mechanical loading tests for certification of PV modules are performed at room temperature,
these tests may not adequately simulate or accelerate in-field mechanical stresses and failures. This work examines the
impact on module performance and cell integrity of dynamic and static load testing at both high and low temperature using a
custom-built mechanical testing rig capable of operating inside a climate chamber. Two different encapsulation materials
were compared: a standard EVA thermosetting film and a silicone. The loading conditions were based on relevant
qualification test standards and test modules were characterized for performance and damage using a solar simulator and
electroluminescence imaging. Testing revealed significant differences in the ability of the encapsulant to protect the solar
cells from damage due to mechanical loading at various temperatures, with the encapsulant modulus being a critical factor.
Logics of Finite Hankel Rank
Creators: name: Labai, Nadia
name: Makowsky, Johann A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1

description: We discuss the Feferman-Vaught Theorem in the setting of abstract model theory for finite structures. We look at sum-like and product-like binary operations on finite structures and their Hankel matrices. We show the connection between Hankel matrices and the Feferman-Vaught Theorem. The largest logic known to satisfy a Feferman-Vaught Theorem for product-like operations is CFOL, first order logic with modular counting quantifiers. For sum-like operations it is CMSOL, the corresponding monadic second order logic. We discuss whether there are maximal logics satisfying Feferman-Vaught Theorems for finite structures.
description: Appeared in YuriFest 2015, held in honor of Yuri Gurevich's 75th birthday. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23534-9_14
High Volume Production of 20% Efficiency Polarization Free Modules
Creators: name: Bunea, G.
name: Boitnott, N.
name: Kim, D.
name: Gacho, E.
name: Abra, L.
name: Koehler, O.
name: Peurach, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3165-3168
description: This paper reports on high volume manufacturing of the indust rys first commercially available 20%
efficiency polarizat ion free modules. The world record performance is achieved through improvement s in light
capture in the solar cell (improved t ransmission in glass an d encapsulant , increased reflect ivity of backsheet ) as well
as opt imizat ion of cell to module conversion efficiency losses. Advances in the module design eliminate the
polarizat ion effect and enable the use of t ransformer-less inverters with SunPower modules. The modules have been
t est ed through SunP owers ri gorous relia bilit y prot ocol and show no degradat ion in performance due to polarizat ion
in negat ive grounding after extended reliability tests. These advancements represent the new technology plat form for
high volume manufacturing of SunPower modules.
A Class of Integrable Metrics
Creators: name: Anabalon, Andres
name: Batista, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In four dimensions, the most general metric admitting two Killing vectors and a rank-two Killing tensor can be parameterized by ten arbitrary functions of a single variable. We show that picking a special vierbien, reducing the system to eight functions, implies the existence of two geodesic and share-free, null congruences, generated by two principal null directions of the Weyl tensor. Thus, if the spacetime is an Einstein manifold, the Goldberg-Sachs theorem implies it is Petrov type D, and by explicit construction, is in the Carter class. Hence, our analysis provide an straightforward connection between the most general integrable structure and the Carter family of spacetimes.
description: 19 pages, no figures
title: KI²VA - Kompetenzentwicklung durch Interdisziplinäre und Internationale Vernetzung von Anfang an
Creators: name: Die Präsidentin Der Technischen Universität Darmstadt
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2025

description: KI²VA steht für „Kompetenzentwicklung durch Interdisziplinäre und Internationale Vernetzung von Anfang an“ und ist ein Projekt zur Förderung von Studium und Lehre
an der TU Darmstadt. Das Vorhaben wird seit Oktober 2016 im Rahmen des „Qualitätspakts Lehre“, einem gemeinsamen Programm des Bundes und der Länder für bessere Studienbedingungen und mehr Qualität in der Lehre, vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert. Mit KI²VA möchte die TU Darmstadt die Studieneingangsphase stärken, Studierende aktiv einbeziehen und langfristig mehr junge Menschen für ein Studium der MINT-Fächer begeistern.
Influence of Transparent Conducting Oxide Substrates and Precursor Layer Thickness on CuIn1-xAlxSe2 Thin Films
Creators: name: López-García, J.
name: Guillén, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2941-2945
description: CuIn1-xAlxSe2 (CIAS) thin films have been considered as a promising alternative material for
photovoltaic applications. CIAS thin films were deposited onto bare and two different TCO-coated (ITO and AZO)
glass substrates by selenization of metallic precursor layers. The variation of the Al and In layer thickness allowed to
obtain different x values (0£x£1). Polycrystalline CuIn1-xAlxSe2 thin films with chalcopyrite structure and preferential
orientation along the (112) plane were obtained. The (112) reflection shifted towards higher scattering angles, the
(112) orientation and the average crystallite size decreased and the band gap energy increased as the Al content
increased. The structural, optical and morphological properties resulted to be dependant on the type of substrate and
the CIAS film thickness. The coexistence of CuInSe2 and Cu(In,Al)Se2 phases for high Al content was observed. The
formation of quaternary compounds seems to be promoted by the TCO-coated substrate and by the decrease of the
CIAS layer thickness.
Scene-driven Retrieval in Edited Videos using Aesthetic and Semantic Deep Features
Creators: name: Baraldi, Lorenzo
name: Grana, Costantino
name: Cucchiara, Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel retrieval pipeline for video collections, which aims to retrieve the most significant parts of an edited video for a given query, and represent them with thumbnails which are at the same time semantically meaningful and aesthetically remarkable. Videos are first segmented into coherent and story-telling scenes, then a retrieval algorithm based on deep learning is proposed to retrieve the most significant scenes for a textual query. A ranking strategy based on deep features is finally used to tackle the problem of visualizing the best thumbnail. Qualitative and quantitative experiments are conducted on a collection of edited videos to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
description: ICMR 2016
New Approach Methods for Hazard Identification: A Case Study with Azole Fungicides Affecting Molecular Targets Associated with the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Cholestasis
Creators: name: Knebel, Constanze
name: Süssmuth, Roderich D.
name: Hammer, Helen S.
name: Braeuning, Albert
name: Marx-Stoelting, Philip
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: hepatotoxicity
subject: azole fungicides
subject: molecular targets
subject: adverse outcome pathway
subject: liver cholestasis

description: Triazole fungicides such as propiconazole (Pi) or tebuconazole (Te) show hepatotoxicity in vivo, e.g., hypertrophy and vacuolization of liver cells following interaction with nuclear receptors such as PXR (pregnane-X-receptor) and CAR (constitutive androstane receptor). Accordingly, azoles affect gene expression associated with these adverse outcomes in vivo but also in human liver cells in vitro. Additionally, genes indicative of liver cholestasis are affected in vivo and in vitro. We therefore analyzed the capability of Pi and Te to cause cholestasis in an adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-driven approach in hepatic cells of human origin in vitro, considering also previous in vivo studies. Bile salt export pump (BSEP) activity assays confirmed that both azoles are weak inhibitors of BSEP. They alternate the expression of various cholestasis-associated target genes and proteins as well as the mitochondrial membrane function. Published in vivo data, however, demonstrate that neither Pi nor Te cause cholestasis in rodent bioassays. This discrepancy can be explained by the in vivo concentrations of both azoles being well below their EC50 for BSEP inhibition. From a regulatory perspective, this illustrates that toxicogenomics and human in vitro models are valuable tools to detect the potential of a substance to cause a specific type of toxicity. To come to a sound regulatory conclusion on the in vivo relevance of such a finding, results will have to be considered in a broader context also including toxicokinetics in a weight-of-evidence approach.
A System Thinking Normative Approach towards Integrating the Environment into Value-Added Accounting—Paving the Way from Carbon to Environmental Neutrality
Creators: name: Miehe, Robert
name: Finkbeiner, Matthias
name: Sauer, Alexander
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: environmental management accounting
subject: externalities accounting
subject: sustainable manufacturing
subject: climate neutrality
subject: environmental neutrality

description: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is increasingly being applied in corporate accounting. Recently, especially carbon footprinting (CF) has been adopted as ‘LCA light’ in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. According to the strategy ‘balance, reduce, substitute, compensate’, the approach is intended to provide the basis for optimization towards climate neutrality. However, two major problems arise: (1) due to the predominant focus on climate neutrality, other decisive life-cycle impact categories are often ignored, resulting in a misrecognition of potential trade-offs, and (2) LCA is not perceived as an equal method alongside cost and value-added accounting in everyday business, as it relies on a fundamentally different system understanding. In this paper, we present basic considerations for merging the business and life-cycle perspectives and introduce a novel accounting system that combines elements of traditional operational value-added accounting, process and material flow analysis as well as LCA. The method is based on an extended system thinking, a set of principles, a calculation system, and external cost factors for the impact categories climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, air pollution, eutrophication and acidification. As a scientifically robust assessment method, the presented approach is intended to be applied in everyday operations in manufacturing companies, providing a foundation for a fundamental change in industrial thought patterns on the way to the total avoidance of negative environmental impacts (i.e., environmental neutrality). Therefore, this is validated in two application examples in the German special tools industry, proving its practicability and reproducibility as well as the suitability of specifically derived indicators for the selective optimization of production systems.
Hydrogen atom in a quantum plasma environment under the influence of Aharonov-Bohm flux and electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Falaye, Babatunde James
name: Sun, Guo-Hua
name: Silva-Ortigoza, Ramón
name: Dong, Shi-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents the confinement influences of Aharonov-Bohm-flux (AB-flux), electric and magnetic fields directed along $z$-axis and encircled by quantum plasmas, on the hydrogen atom. The all-inclusive effects result to a strongly attractive system while the localizations of quantum levels change and the eigenvalues decrease. We find that, the combined effect of the fields is stronger than solitary effect and consequently, there is a substantial shift in the bound state energy of the system. We also find that to perpetuate a low-energy medium for hydrogen atom in quantum plasmas, strong electric field and weak magnetic field are required, where AB-flux field can be used as a regulator. The application of perturbation technique utilized in this paper is not restricted to plasma physics, it can also be applied in molecular physics.
GRU Neural Network Improved Bioimpedance Based Stroke Volume Estimation during Ergometry Stress Test
Creators: name: Urban, Mike
name: Klum, Michael
name: Pielmus, Alexandru-Gabriel
name: Liebrenz, Falk
name: Mann, Steffen
name: Tigges, Timo
name: Orglmeister, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: bioimpedance
subject: cardiac output
subject: cardiovascular diseases
subject: ECG
subject: GRU neural network
subject: hemodynamic parameters
subject: impedance cardiography
subject: signal processing
subject: stroke volume
subject: ICG

description: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading members of non-communicable diseases. An early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, to reduce hospitalization time and health care costs. Nowadays, an exercise stress test on an ergometer is used to identify CVDs. To improve the accuracy of diagnostics, the hemodynamic status and parameters of a person can be investigated. For hemodynamic management, thoracic electrical bioimpedance has recently been used. This technique offers beat-to-beat stroke volume calculation but suffers from an artifact-sensitive signal that makes such measurements difficult during movement. We propose a new method based on a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network and the ECG signal to improve the measurement of bioimpedance signals, reduce artifacts and calculate hemodynamic parameters. We conducted a study with 23 subjects. The new approach is compared to ensemble averaging, scaled Fourier linear combiner, adaptive filter, and simple neural networks. The GRU neural network performs better with single artifact events than shallow neural networks (mean error −0.0244, mean square error 0.0181 for normalized stroke volume). The GRU network is superior to other algorithms using time-correlated data for the exercise stress test.
Solvability of an unsaturated porous media flow problem with thermomechanical interaction
Creators: name: Albers, Bettina
name: Krejci, Pavel
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A PDE system consisting of the momentum balance, mass balance, and energy balance equations for displacement, capillary pressure, and temperature as a model for unsaturated fluid flow in a porous viscoelastoplastic solid is shown to admit a solution under appropriate assumptions on the constitutive behavior. The problem involves two hysteresis operators accounting for plastic and capillary hysteresis.
Wave packet dynamics in the optimal superadiabatic approximation
Creators: name: Betz, Volker
name: Goddard, Benjamin D.
name: Manthe, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain the concept of superadiabatic approximations and show how in the context of the Born- Oppenheimer approximation they lead to an explicit formula that can be used to predict transitions at avoided crossings. Based on this formula, we present a simple method for computing wave packet dynamics across avoided crossings. Only knowledge of the adiabatic electronic energy levels near the avoided crossing is required for the computation. In particular, this means that no diabatization procedure is necessary, the adiabatic energy levels can be computed on the fly, and they only need to be computed to higher accuracy when an avoided crossing is detected. We test the quality of our method on the paradigmatic example of photo-dissociation of NaI, finding very good agreement with results of exact wave packet calculations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Statistics of Farmers' Marketing and Purchasing Cooperatives, 1942-43 Marketing Season
Creators: name: Wanstall, Grace
name: Elsworth, R. H.
name: Wanstall, Grace
name: Elsworth, R. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Contents: Number of associations; Membership and shareholders; Cooperative dollar business; Significant trends; Cotton and cotton products; Dairy products; Fruits, vegetables, and nuts; Grain, dry beans, and rice; Livestock; Poultry and eggs; Wool and mohair; Marketing summary 1942-43; Farmers' purchasing associations; Cooperative statistics.
Bat Assemblages Are Shaped by Land Cover Types and Forest Age: A Case Study from Eastern Ukraine
Creators: name: Vlaschenko, Anton
name: Kravchenko, Kseniia
name: Yatsiuk, Yehor
name: Hukov, Vitalii
name: Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
name: Radchuk, Viktoriia
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 577 Ökologie
subject: old deciduous forest
subject: landscape composition
subject: bat assemblages
subject: mist-netting
subject: clearcuts

description: Eastern European broadleaved forests north of the 50th degree of latitude serve as a core breeding area for most migratory bat species wintering in Eastern and Central Europe. The southern border of this region has faced an increase in clear-cutting intensity in recent decades. We conducted a standardized mist-netting survey on eleven heterogeneous oak forest plots in order to assess how land cover types and forest age affect abundance, diversity and the breeding of bats. We found that abundance indices and species richness increased from upland plots surrounded by agricultural lands to riverine or waterside plots with high forest cover. Particularly large mature forests older than 90 years positively affected the breeding activity of bats, their abundance indices and overall species richness. Regarding species associations with specific habitats, we found that Myotis brandtii, Nyctalus leisleri and Pipistrellus pygmaeus were mainly found in mature deciduous forest stands, while Plecotus auritus appeared to be the only species tolerating clearcuts and young stands. Forest-dwelling species such as Nyctalus noctula and Pipistrellus nathusii were additionally associated with water habitats. Thus, the combination of mature forests and water sources is essential in shaping Eastern European assemblages of forest bat species.
Photoconductive Properties of CuInS2 Thin Films Prepared by Coevaporation
Creators: name: Oyola, J.S.
name: Gordillo, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2898-2901
description: This work presents results regarding the influence of the preparation conditions on the
photoconductive properties, as well as on the chemical composition homogeneity of CuInS2 (CIS) films,
grown by a chemical reaction of the precursor species, co-evaporated on soda-lime glass substrates through a
process of two and three stages respectively. For that, the CIS samples were characterized by transient and
steady-state photocurrent and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) depth profile measurements, respectively.
It was found that the chemical composition homogeneity of the CIS films is improved by depositing them
through a 3-stage process. The results also revealed that the growth method and deposition conditions,
significantly affect the recombination processes and the photocurrent/dark current (Iph/Idark) ratio of the CIS
films.
Resonant 2D-2D tunneling with account for spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Rozhansky, I. V.
name: Averkiev, N. S.
name: Lähderanta, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of quantum tunneling between 2D layers with account for Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction (SOI) in the layers. Energy and momentum conservation results in a single resonant peak in the tunnel conductance between two 2D layers as has been experimentally observed for two quantum wells (QW) in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. The account for SOI in the layers leads to a complex pattern in the tunneling characteristic with typical features corresponding to SOI energy. For this manifestation of SOI to be observed experimentally the characteristic energy should exceed the resonant broadening related to the particles quantum lifetime in the layers. We perform an accurate analysis of the known experimental data on electron and hole 2D-2D tunneling in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures. It appears that for the electron tunneling the manifestation of SOI is difficult to observe, but for the holes tunneling the parameters of the real structures used in the experiments are very close to those required by the resolution criteria. We also consider a new promising candidate for the effect to be observed, that is p-doped SiGe strained heterostructures. The reported parameters of cubic Rashba SOI and quantum lifetime in strained Ge QWs fabricated up to date already match the criteria for observing SOI in 2D-2D heavy holes tunneling. As supported by our calculations small adjustments of the parameters for AlGaAs/GaAs p-type QWs or simply designing a 2D-2D tunneling experiment for SiGe case are very likely to reveal the SOI features in the 2D-2D tunneling.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Airborne Coherent GNSS Reflectometry and Zenith Total Delay Estimation over Coastal Waters
Creators: name: Moreno, Mario
name: Semmling, Maximilian
name: Stienne, Georges
name: Dalil, Wafa
name: Hoque, Mainul
name: Wickert, Jens
name: Reboul, Serge
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: GNSS reflectometry
subject: sea state
subject: Doppler spreading
subject: zenith total delay
subject: coastal zones

description: High-precision GNSS (global navigation satellite e system) measurements can be used for remote sensing and nowadays play a significant role in atmospheric sounding (station data, radio occultation observations) and sea surface altimetry based on reflectometry. A limiting factor of high-precision reflectometry is the loss of coherent phase information due to sea-state-induced surface roughness. This work studies airborne reflectometry observations recorded over coastal waters to examine the sea-state influence on Doppler distribution and the coherent residual phase retrieval. From coherent observations, the possibility of zenith total delay inversion is also investigated, considering the hydrostatic mapping factor from the Vienna mapping function and an exponential vertical decay factor depending on height receiver changes. The experiment consists of multiple flights performed along the coast between the cities of Calais and Boulogne-sur-Mer, France, in July 2019. Reflected signals acquired in a right-handed circular polarization are processed through a model-aided software receiver and passed through a retracking module to obtain the Doppler and phase-corrected signal. Results from grazing angle observations (elevation < 15°) show a high sensitivity of Doppler spread with respect to sea state with correlations of 0.75 and 0.88 with significant wave height and wind speed, respectively. An empirical Doppler spread threshold of 0.5 Hz is established for coherent reflections supported by the residual phase observations obtained. Phase coherence occurs in 15% of the observations; however, the estimated zenith total delay for the best event corresponds to 2.44 m, which differs from the typical zenith total delay (2.3 m) of 5%.
Towards the Development of High Efficiency Multijunction Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Seyrling, S.
name: Buecheler, S.
name: Chirila, A.
name: Perrenoud, J.
name: Verma, R.
name: Wenger, S.
name: Grätzel, M.
name: Tiwari, A.N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2895-2897
description: The opto-electronic properties of II-VI and I-III-VI chalcogenides of different compositions and the
optical absorption tunability of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with suitable choice of the sensitizer make these
solar cells applicable in multijunction tandem solar cells. For the development of high efficiency multijunction
stacked solar cells appropriate band gap engineering of the constituent cells is important. DSCs are suitable as top
cell while II-VI and I-III-VI chalcogenide based solar cells could be used below in dual- or triple- junction solar cell
configurations. Different combinations of sensitizers and [Ga]/[In+Ga] ratios were investigated to find the best
combination to achieve high efficiencies and limiting factors of the overall current were determined. Advantages of
triple junction over double junction are evaluated and preliminary work on a possible DSC/CdTe/CI(G)S triple
junction cell is initiated. Transmission of the top and intermediate cell was recorded and the bottom CIGS cell
composition varied to potentially achieve current matching in the devices.
Facial Recognition System for Ethnicity Classification with Regional Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
name: Zainab, Adamu
Publisher: name: Journal of Computer Science and Applications
Year: 2024

description: In recent times, a facial recognition system is described as a form of technology that is capable of matching a human face from a set of digital images or a video frame against a database of faces, this is mostly used to authenticate a user’s ID verification in workplaces by the analytical measure of facial features from the set of input images. One of its drawbacks is that it tends to allow for the invasion of privacy, misuse of power, and rogue intrusion in government parastatals but these drawbacks don’t prevent it from being in the spotlight and its investments have skyrocketed. This paper talks about the design of a novel facial recognition system (Facial-Cognizant) that uses a parallel multifarious search process to search for an identity in the database and also from the static image capture from a real-time video sequence, the features, and cascaded object detector is used based on Regional Convolution Neural Network (R-CNN) with a simple computational method to identify the best fit to the input image. The procedures and result is discussed in the proceeding sections.
Polystyrene Microplastics Modulate the Toxicity of the Hydrophilic Insecticide Thiacloprid for Chironomid Larvae and Also Influence Their Burrowing Behavior
Creators: name: Krais, Stefanie
name: Anthes, Nils
name: Huppertsberg, Sven
name: Knepper, Thomas P.
name: Peschke, Katharina
name: Ruhl, Aki S.
name: Schmieg, Hannah
name: Schwarz, Tabea
name: Köhler, Heinz-R.
name: Triebskorn, Rita
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: pesticide
subject: neonicotinoid
subject: ecotoxicology
subject: microplastics
subject: chironomid
subject: polystyrene

description: As there is still little knowledge of interactions between microplastics (MP) and hydrophilic compounds, we propose ways the toxicity of hydrophilic pesticides can be modulated by MP, when sorption can be excluded. Larvae of Chironomus riparius were exposed to thiacloprid (TH, 1 µg/L) and polystyrene microplastic particles (PS; <50 µm; 150,000 and 1,000,000 particles/L) for 96 h, solely or in co-exposure. Burrowing behavior and mortality were observed. Larvae in treatments containing PS established themselves quicker in the sediment and kept the ability to rebury for a longer time compared to control and TH, respectively. While TH elevated the mortality, exposure to PS alone did not affect the survival of the larvae. In co-exposure of TH and PS, a concentration of 150,000 particles/L significantly reduced the toxicity of 1 µg/L TH after 96 h, an effect that was not observed at 1,000,000 particles/L. Therefore, we hypothesize that this modulation of the toxicity of TH eventually may have resulted from a combination of a ‘protective MP layer’ in the gut and a higher retention time of particles in larvae exposed to 150,000 particles/L than in those exposed to 1,000,000 particles/L due to the lower number of ingestible particles in the former.
Lévy flights in the infinite potential well as the hypersingular Fredholm problem
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Elena V.
name: Garbaczewski, Piotr
name: Stephanovich, Vladimir
name: Żaba, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Lévy flights {with arbitrary index $0< μ\leq 2$} inside a potential well of infinite depth. Such problem appears in many physical systems ranging from stochastic interfaces to fracture dynamics and multifractality in disordered quantum systems. The major technical tool is a transformation of the eigenvalue problem for initial fractional Schrödinger equation into that for Fredholm integral equation with hypersingular kernel. The latter equation is then solved by means of expansion over the complete set of orthogonal functions in the domain $D$, reducing the problem to the spectrum of a matrix of infinite dimensions. The eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are then obtained numerically with some analytical results regarding the structure of the spectrum.
description: 11 pp, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1505.01277
Encapsulation Performance Comparison of PV Modules in Outdoor Arrays
Creators: name: Ketola, B.
name: Shirk, C.
name: Griffith, P.
name: Cunningham, D.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3144-3151
description: Encapsulation of photovoltaic (PV) modules using ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) has been broadly utilized by the
solar industry since the early 1980s. Prior to the use of EVA encapsulant, silicone materials were applied as an encapsulant
for PV modules. A significant effort to utilize silicone was made by BP Solar, in Frederick, MD, USA. Several hundred
modules were produced and installed at the old Solarex facility in Frederick. Several panels from this array were tested in
2008 and showed less than 5% degradation in Pmax from the original rating. Silicone encapsulation was eventually replaced
by EVA due to cost and processing advantages. Recently new materials and processes for silicone encapsulation were
developed by Dow Corning Corporation to improve the cost structure and manufacturing speed under the United States
Department of Energy Photovoltaic Manufacturing Research and Development (PV MR&D) project. These new materials
and processes were utilized to encapsulate modules under the BP Solar and the United States Department of Energy
Technology Pathways Partnership program. The silicone-encapsulated modules were installed as half of two separate arrays.
The first was a 10 kilowatt array using BP Solar 125 mm multi-crystalline cells (BP3170N product) at the Dow Corning
Solar Solutions Application Center in Freeland, MI, USA in 2009. The second installation was a 6 kilowatt array using BP
Solar 125 mm mono-crystalline cells (BP4175T product) at a Zero Energy Home Project in Bay City, MI, USA
commissioned in 2010. The cell strings and finished assemblies from BP Solar at Frederick, MD, USA were encapsulated on
a lamination pilot line at Dow Corning’s Solar Solutions Application Center in Freeland, MI, USA. At both array sites, the
selection of the cells and the subsequent module build for the side by side comparison was a key design factor to minimize
systematic errors that could lead to measurement inaccuracies. The balance of the arrays was constructed using EVA
encapsulated modules supplied by BP Solar, using identical glass, cell and back sheet technology. Both types of modules
were installed in an alternating pattern. i.e. silicone, EVA, silicone, EVA, and so on, to compare side by side efficiency and
durability performance. Currently, the array in Freeland, and Bay City MI, USA shows the silicone modules performing at a
1.04% and 1.26% advantage in power output respectively. This paper will provide a detailed description of the arrays and
their comparative performance in outdoor conditions.