cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quality information disclosure and advertising strategy in a supply chain
Creators: name: Hong, Xianpei
name: Zhou, Meiling
name: Gong, Yeming
name: Chen, Wanying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Existing research on advertising structures in a supply chain has mainly been conducted with symmetric quality information and the interaction between quality information disclosure and advertising has not been clarified. To identify the optimal advertising structure and disclosure strategy for a manufacturer, we explore manufacturer advertising and cooperative advertising in the context of product quality information asymmetry. We examine the implications of the manufacturer’s product quality information disclosure on his advertising strategies and the impact of advertising on quality information disclosure decisions. When cooperative advertising is more effective than manufacturer advertising and the product quality is low, the manufacturer should adopt manufacturer advertising, which leads to higher perceived quality and improves the retailer’s economic condition. We find that advertising can inspire the manufacturer to disclose more product quality information regardless of the advertising structure, which occurs when the effectiveness of advertising is large. Furthermore, the manufacturer, the retailer, and consumers can benefit from cooperative advertising when cooperative advertising is more effective than manufacturer advertising and the product quality is high. We also consider an extension where the manufacturer and retailer advertise simultaneously and find that advertising leads to more quality information being disclosed when the disclosure cost is low.
U.S. Hog Production: Rising Output and Changing Trends in Productivity Growth
Creators: name: Davis, Christopher G
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Collins, LaPorchia A
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Ha, Kim A
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
name: Davis, Christopher G
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Collins, LaPorchia A
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Ha, Kim A
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: farm management
subject: production contracts

description: The hog sector began a major transformation in the early 1990s, and since then, it has experienced productivity growth and structural change, increased output, and expanded exports. This study examined changes in hog production from 1992 to 2017. During this period, production contracts became the most common business model in hog production, and hog farms grew larger and more specialized. Technological advancements improved productivity, though changes in production costs were mixed.
The six most essential questions in psychiatric diagnosis: a pluralogue part 3: issues of utility and alternative approaches in psychiatric diagnosis
Creators: name: Pies, Ronald W.
name: Pincus, Harold A.
name: Porter, Douglas
name: Pouncey, Claire
name: Schwartz, Michael A.
name: Szasz, Thomas
name: Wakefield, Jerome C.
name: Waterman, G. Scott
name: Whooley, Owen
name: Zachar, Peter
name: Phillips, James
name: Frances, Allen
name: Cerullo, Michael A.
name: Chardavoyne, John
name: Decker, Hannah S.
name: First, Michael Bruce
name: Ghaemi, Nassir
name: Greenberg, Gary
name: Hinderliter, Andrew C.
name: Kinghorn, Warren A.
name: LoBello, Steven G.
name: Martin, Elliott B.
name: Mishara, Aaron L.
name: Paris, Joel
name: Pierre, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medical sciences

description: In face of the multiple controversies surrounding the DSM process in general and the development of DSM-5 in particular, we have organized a discussion around what we consider six essential questions in further work on the DSM. The six questions involve: 1) the nature of a mental disorder; 2) the definition of mental disorder; 3) the issue of whether, in the current state of psychiatric science, DSM-5 should assume a cautious, conservative posture or an assertive, transformative posture; 4) the role of pragmatic considerations in the construction of DSM-5; 5) the issue of utility of the DSM – whether DSM-III and IV have been designed more for clinicians or researchers, and how this conflict should be dealt with in the new manual; and 6) the possibility and advisability, given all the problems with DSM-III and IV, of designing a different diagnostic system. Part 1 of this article took up the first two questions. Part 2 took up the second two questions. Part 3 now deals with Questions 5 & 6. Question 5 confronts the issue of utility, whether the manual design of DSM-III and IV favors clinicians or researchers, and what that means for DSM-5. Our final question, Question 6, takes up a concluding issue, whether the acknowledged problems with the earlier DSMs warrants a significant overhaul of DSM-5 and future manuals. As in Parts 1 & 2 of this article, the general introduction, as well as the introductions and conclusions for the specific questions, are written by James Phillips, and the responses to commentaries are written by Allen Frances.
Produktivitätspotenzial der Modulbauweise durch Vorteile in der Baulogistik
Creators: name: Hartmann, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Die Modulbauweise verspricht durch den höchsten Vorfertigungsgrad im Bauwesen eine Reihe an Vorteilen, z.B. Bauzeitverkürzung. Bei der Betrachtung dieser Verbesserungen wird gemeinhin ausschließlich die Verlagerung der Produktionsprozesse in die Werkhallen berücksichtigt. Jedoch lassen sich Produktivitätssteigerungen auch auf der Baustelle erzeugen. Eine Mitanlieferung innerhalb der dreidimensionalen Raumstruk- turen von Materialien und Werkzeugen, die für die Erbringung der Restleistungen auf der Baustelle benötigt werden, wirkt sich zusätzlich positiv auf die Bewältigung der baulogistischen Prozesse auf der Baustelle aus. Dies kann zu kürzeren Ausführungszeiten sowie einer höheren Bauzeitsicherheit führen und in Summe zu einer Effizienzsteigerung führen. Diese Zusammenhänge fanden in der Fachliteratur bisher keine ausreichende Würdigung und sollen in dem Artikel näher erörtert und dargestellt werden.
Quality information disclosure and advertising strategy in a supply chain
Creators: name: Hong, Xianpei
name: Zhou, Meiling
name: Gong, Yeming
name: Chen, Wanying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Existing research on advertising structures in a supply chain has mainly been conducted with symmetric quality information and the interaction between quality information disclosure and advertising has not been clarified. To identify the optimal advertising structure and disclosure strategy for a manufacturer, we explore manufacturer advertising and cooperative advertising in the context of product quality information asymmetry. We examine the implications of the manufacturer’s product quality information disclosure on his advertising strategies and the impact of advertising on quality information disclosure decisions. When cooperative advertising is more effective than manufacturer advertising and the product quality is low, the manufacturer should adopt manufacturer advertising, which leads to higher perceived quality and improves the retailer’s economic condition. We find that advertising can inspire the manufacturer to disclose more product quality information regardless of the advertising structure, which occurs when the effectiveness of advertising is large. Furthermore, the manufacturer, the retailer, and consumers can benefit from cooperative advertising when cooperative advertising is more effective than manufacturer advertising and the product quality is high. We also consider an extension where the manufacturer and retailer advertise simultaneously and find that advertising leads to more quality information being disclosed when the disclosure cost is low.
Parametric instability in scalar gravitational fields
Creators: name: Davies, T. B.
name: Wang, C. H. -T.
name: Bingham, R.
name: Mendonca, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a brief review on a new dynamical mechanism for a strong field effect in scalar tensor theory. Starting with a summary of the essential features of the theory and subsequent work by several authors, we analytically investigate the parametric excitation of a scalar gravitational field in a spherically symmetric radially pulsating neutron star.
description: 15 pages
Non-Linear Spin Dynamics Of The Electron Liquid In Nanosystems
Creators: name: Gurzhi, R. N.
name: Kalinenko, A. N.
name: Kopeliovich, A. I.
name: Pyshkin, P. V.
name: Rutkevich, S. B.
name: Yanovsky, A. V.
name: Yashin, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of spin-nonequilibrium electron systems in the hydrodynamic flow regime, when the normal scattering processes, which conserve the total quasi-momentum of the system of electrons and quasi-particles that interact with them, dominate over other scattering processes. We obtain a set of spin-hydrodynamic equations for the case of an arbitrary electron spectrum that varies slowly with the coordinates. Solving the one-dimensional non-linear problem we found the exact solutions both for the electrical potential in the open-ends circuit and for the spin-electrical oscillation in an inhomogeneous conducting ring. As we demonstrate, the oscillation characteristics are different in the cases of a magnetic ring and a non-magnetic ring to which the spin polarization was injected. We found also that a voltage between the ends of the open circuit may reveal the presence of an inhomogeneous spin polarization of the electron density.
Gravitational collapse in pure Lovelock gravity in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Ghosh, Sushant G.
name: Jhingan, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study collapse of inhomogeneous dust and null dust (Vaidya radiation) in pure Lovelock gravity in higher dimensions. Since pure Lovelock gravity is kinematic in odd d=2N+1 dimension, hence pertinent dimension for the study is even d=2N+2, where N is degree of Lovelock polynomial. It turns out that pure Lovelock collapse favors naked singularity as against black hole for the Einstein case in the same dimension while strength of singularity as measured by divergence of Kretshmann scalar is interestingly the same in the two cases; i.e. the corresponding scalars have the same fall off behavior.
description: 9 pages
Chinese Cotton: Textiles, Imports, and Xinjiang
Creators: name: Gale, Fred
name: Davis, Eric
name: Gale, Fred
name: Davis, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: imports
subject: tariff-rate quota

description: China is the world’s largest textile manufacturer and cotton consumer, but changes in China’s economy are reshaping the geography of its cotton-textile sector. Nearly all of China’s cotton is produced in the country’s Xinjiang Region, while textile manufacturers, the main consumers of cotton, are concentrated in coastal and central regions where cotton production has fallen dramatically. These geographic changes are a factor influencing global trade in cotton and textiles. While China’s imports of cotton are projected to gradually increase over the next decade, China’s dominant position in the cotton market appears to be weakening, with U.S. cotton exports shifting to other Asian countries.
In Defense of Close Reading and Close Listening
Creators: name: Blum, Stephen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Music

description: Whatever we write about music is informed (in more ways than we can recognize) by our responses to works, genres, theories, performances, performers, and to many other factors, some of which we treat as "extramusical." As musicians and as writers, we enact our interpretations of prior interpretive acts. As scholars, we also reflect on the history of our modes
of interpretation and compare them with other ways of responding. Blum argument states that when we are willing to recognize points at which our own techniques of storytelling and dramatizing overlap significantly with those employed by "others," we can no longer relegate the so-called others to a "backward culture" or an "outmoded paradigm." Those who
learn to read well learn to listen well, and good listeners can also become
good readers.
Distinguishing graphs with infinite motion and nonlinear growth
Creators: name: Cuno, Johannes
name: Imrich, Wilfried
name: Lehner, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25 (Primary) 05C63, 05C15, 03E10 (Secondary)

description: The distinguishing number $\operatorname D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least cardinal $d$ such that $G$ has a labeling with $d$ labels which is only preserved by the trivial automorphism. We show that the distinguishing number of infinite, locally finite, connected graphs $G$ with infinite motion and growth $o \left(\frac{n^2}{\log_2 n} \right)$ is either $1$ or $2$, which proves the Infinite Motion Conjecture of Tom Tucker for this type of graphs. The same holds true for graphs with countably many ends that do not grow too fast. We also show that graphs $G$ of arbitrary cardinality are $2$-distinguishable if every nontrivial automorphism moves at least uncountably many vertices $m(G)$, where $m(G) \geq \left\vert\operatorname{Aut}(G)\right\vert$. This extends a result of Imrich et al. to graphs with automorphism groups of arbitrary cardinality.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Making Lock-free Data Structures Verifiable with Artificial Transactions
Creators: name: Yuan, Xinhao
name: Williams-King, David Christopher
name: Yang, Junfeng
name: Sethumadhavan, Simha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: Among all classes of parallel programming abstractions, lock-free data structures are considered one of the most scalable and efficient because of their fine-grained style of synchronization. However, they are also challenging for developers and tools to verify because of the huge number of possible interleavings that result from fine-grained synchronizations. This paper address this fundamental problem between performance and verifiability of lock-free data structures. We present TXIT, a system that greatly reduces the set of possible interleavings by inserting transactions into the implementation of a lock-free data structure. We leverage hardware transactional memory support from Intel Haswell processors to enforce these artificial transactions. Evaluation on six popular lock-free data structures shows that TXIT makes it easy to verify lock-free data structures while incurring acceptable runtime overhead. Further analysis shows that two inefficiencies in Haswell are the largest contributors to this overhead.
Quantifying Consumer Welfare Impacts of Higher Meat Prices During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Hahn, William
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Hahn, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: pandemic
subject: meat demand

description: While the U.S. food system has been largely able to maintain operations and provide consumers with the variety of foods they desire since the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic began, U.S. households faced sharply higher food prices for many staple items, especially meat in 2020. In this study, U.S. households’ meat purchases at retail stores for at-home consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic are examined and compared with those before the virus outbreak.
Picosecond Dynamics of Internal Exciton Transitions in CdSe Nanorods
Creators: name: Cooke, David G.
name: Jepsen, Peter Uhd
name: Lek, Jun Yan
name: Lam, Yeng Ming
name: Sy, Fredrik
name: Dignam, Marc M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The picosecond dynamics of excitons in colloidal CdSe nanorods are directly measured via their 1s to 2p-like internal transitions by ultra-broadband terahertz spectroscopy. Broadened absorption peaks from both the longitudinal and transverse states are observed at 8.5 and 11 THz, respectively. The onset of exciton-LO phonon coupling appears as a bleach in the optical conductivity spectra at the LO phonon energy for times > 1 ps after excitation. Simulations show a suppressed exciton temperature due to thermally excited hole states being rapidly captured onto ligands or unpassivated surface states. The relaxation kinetics are manipulated and the longitudinal transition is quenched by surface ligand exchange with hole capturing pyridine.
Weather-based prediction of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in epidemic-prone regions of Ethiopia I. Patterns of lagged weather effects reflect biological mechanisms
Creators: name: Teklehaimanot, Hailay D.
name: Lipsitch, Marc
name: Teklehaimanot, Awash
name: Schwartz, Joel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Environmental health
Meteorology

description: Malaria epidemics due to Plasmodium falciparum are reported frequently in the East African highlands with high case fatality rates. There have been formal attempts to predict epidemics by the use of climatic variables that are predictors of transmission potential. However, little consensus has emerged about the relative importance and predictive value of different factors. Understanding the reasons for variation is crucial to determining specific and important indicators for epidemic prediction. The impact of temperature on the duration of a mosquito's life cycle and the sporogonic phase of the parasite could explain the inconsistent findings. Daily average number of cases was modeled using a robust Poisson regression with rainfall, minimum temperature and maximum temperatures as explanatory variables in a polynomial distributed lag model in 10 districts of Ethiopia. To improve reliability and generalizability within similar climatic conditions, we grouped the districts into two climatic zones, hot and cold. In cold districts, rainfall was associated with a delayed increase in malaria cases, while the association in the hot districts occurred at relatively shorter lags. In cold districts, minimum temperature was associated with malaria cases with a delayed effect. In hot districts, the effect of minimum temperature was non-significant at most lags, and much of its contribution was relatively immediate. The interaction between climatic factors and their biological influence on mosquito and parasite life cycle is a key factor in the association between weather and malaria. These factors should be considered in the development of malaria early warning system.
Farm Labor, Human Capital, and Agricultural Productivity in the United States
Creators: name: Wang, Sun Ling
name: Hoppe, Robert A
name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Xu, Shicong
name: Wang, Sun Ling
name: Hoppe, Robert A
name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Xu, Shicong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: human capital
subject: labor quality

description: This report discusses the contribution of farm labor in U.S. agricultural growth and assesses the changing composition of the U.S. farm labor force with special attention to the changes in educational attainment among farm operators and other workers.
Metamorphic Runtime Checking of Applications Without Test Oracles
Creators: name: Bell, Jonathan Schaffer
name: Murphy, Christian
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: For some applications, it is impossible or impractical to know what the correct output should be for an arbitrary input, making testing difficult. Many machine-­learning applications for “big data”, bioinformatics and cyberphysical systems fall in this scope: they do not have a test oracle. Metamorphic Testing, a simple testing technique that does not require a test oracle, has been shown to be effective for testing such applications. We present Metamorphic Runtime Checking, a novel approach that conducts metamorphic testing of both the entire application and individual functions during a program’s execution. We have applied Metamorphic Runtime Checking to 9 machine-­‐learning applications, finding it to be on average 170% more effective than traditional metamorphic testing at only the full application level.
Organic Feed Grains and Livestock: Factors That Influence Outcomes in Thinly Traded Markets
Creators: name: Hadachek, Jeffrey
name: Saitone, Tina L
name: Sexton, Richard J
name: Skorbiansky, Sharon Raszap
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Effland, Anne
name: Hadachek, Jeffrey
name: Saitone, Tina L
name: Sexton, Richard J
name: Skorbiansky, Sharon Raszap
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Effland, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: competition
subject: modern agricultural markets

description: Even as organic products have become more widely available, most organic growers in the United States still participate in niche markets. Despite an increase in organic production and market information, growers continue to face challenges related to thin markets. This report examines the markets for organic dairy and beef and their major feed inputs to assess their current competitive status.
Twistor Theory of the Airy Equation
Creators: name: Cole, Michael
name: Dunajski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We demonstrate how the complex integral formula for the Airy functions arises from Penrose's twistor contour integral formula. We then use the Lax formulation of the isomonodromy problem with one irregular singularity of order four to show that the Airy equation arises from the anti-self-duality equations for conformal structures of neutral signature invariant under the isometric action of the Bianchi II group. This conformal structure admits a null-Kähler metric in its conformal class which we construct explicitly.
description: Special Issue of SIGMA on Progress in Twistor Theory
The Economic Impacts of Retaliatory Tariffs on U.S. Agriculture
Creators: name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Arita, Shawn
name: Beckman, Jayson
name: Ahsan, Saquib
name: Russell, Dylan
name: Jarrell, Philip
name: Kenner, Bart
name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Arita, Shawn
name: Beckman, Jayson
name: Ahsan, Saquib
name: Russell, Dylan
name: Jarrell, Philip
name: Kenner, Bart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade retaliation
subject: trade dispute

description: In 2018, the United States imposed Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from major trading partners and separately Section 301 tariffs on a broad range of imports from China. In response to these actions, six trading partners—Canada, China, the European Union, India, Mexico, and Turkey—responded with retaliatory tariffs on a range of U.S. agricultural exports, including agricultural and food products. The agricultural products targeted for retaliation were valued at $30.4 billion in 2017, with individual product lines experiencing tariff increases ranging from 2 to 140 percent. This report provides a detailed look at the impact of retaliatory tariffs by State and commodity and estimates the direct export losses associated with the trade conflict.
Children as Potential Targets of Terrorism: Conference Report
Creators: name: Redlener, Irwin E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Emergency management--Research
Disaster relief--Research
Child disaster victims
Children and terrorism
Terrorism

description: The working group was an assembly of top thinkers who through their professional and personal endeavours stand poised to consider the implications of children as explicit targets of terrorism and provide directions for research and policy. The group was structured to be a small, select convergence of high-level persons situated in a forum of free discussion. An underlying objective of the group is for participants to be a resource for each other as well as select communities including policy makers and media. The group will convene periodically as issues emerge and research directions develop. The meeting was structured around four conversations: Veracity of the threat; Prevention and Preparedness; Health System Response; and Psychological Consequences. This meeting report will follow the order of the speakers.
A q-parameter bound for particle spectra based on black hole thermodynamics with Rényi-entropy
Creators: name: Biró, Tamás S.
name: Czinner, Viktor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By regarding the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy of Schwarzschild black hole horizons as a non-extensive Tsallis entropy, its formal logarithm, the Rényi entropy, is considered. The resulting temperature - horizon-radius relation has the same form as the one obtained from a 3+1-dimensional black hole in anti-de Sitter space using the original entropy formula. In both cases the temperature has a minimum. A semi-classical estimate of the horizon radius at this minimum leads to a Bekenstein bound for the q-parameter in the Rényi entropy of micro black holes, (q >= 1 + 2/pi^2), which is surprisingly close to fitted q-parameters of cosmic ray spectra and power-law distribution of quarks coalescing to hadrons in high energy accelerator experiments.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Phys. Lett. B. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1011.3442
Mild hypoglycemia is independently associated with increased mortality in the critically ill
Creators: name: Preiser, Jean Charles
name: Mélot, Christian
name: Van Der Sluijs, Johannes
name: Van Braam Houckgeest, Floris
name: Harmsen, Robin
name: Spronk, Peter
name: Krinsley, James S.
name: Schultz, Marcus
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Medicine

description: Severe hypoglycemia (blood glucose concentration (BG) < 40 mg/dL) is independently associated with an increased risk of mortality in critically ill patients. The association of milder hypoglycemia (BG < 70 mg/dL) with mortality is less clear. Prospectively collected data from two observational cohorts in the USA and in The Netherlands, and from the prospective GLUCONTROL trial were analyzed. Hospital mortality was the primary endpoint. We analyzed data from 6,240 patients: 3,263 admitted to Stamford Hospital (ST), 2,063 admitted to three institutions in The Netherlands (NL) and 914 who participated in the GLUCONTROL trial (GL). The percentage of patients with hypoglycemia varied from 18% to 65% among the different cohorts. Patients with hypoglycemia experienced higher mortality than did those without hypoglycemia even after stratification by severity of illness, diagnostic category, diabetic status, mean BG during intensive care unit (ICU) admission and coefficient of variation (CV) as a reflection of glycemic variability. The relative risk (RR, 95% confidence interval) of mortality associated with minimum BG < 40, 40 to 54 and 55 to 69 mg/dL compared to patients with minimum BG 80 to 109 mg/dL was 3.55 (3.02 to 4.17), 2.70 (2.31 to 3.14) and 2.18 (1.87 to 2.53), respectively (all P < 0.0001). The RR of mortality associated with any hypoglycemia < 70 mg/dL was 3.28 (2.78 to 3.87) (P < 0.0001), 1.30 (1.12 to 1.50) (P = 0.0005) and 2.11 (1.62 to 2.74) (P < 0.0001) for the ST, NL and GL cohorts, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that minimum BG < 70 mg/dL, 40 to 69 mg/dL and < 40 mg/dL were independently associated with increased risk of mortality for the entire cohort of 6,240 patients (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) 1.78 (1.39 to 2.27) P < 0.0001), 1.29 (1.11 to 1.51) P = 0.0011 and 1.87 (1.46 to 2.40) P < 0.0001) respectively. Mild hypoglycemia was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality in an international cohort of critically ill patients. Efforts to reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia in critically ill patients may reduce mortality
title: Impact of an Oomen feeding with a neonicotinoid on daily activity and colony development of honeybees assessed with an AI based monitoring device
Creators: name: Gonsior, Gundula
name: Tausch, Frederic
name: Schmidt, Katharina
name: Knäbe, Silvio
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2020

description: Feeding experiments are standard tools in the pollinator risk assessment. The design (Oomen et al. 1992) was developed to test insect growth regulators and herbicides. In recent years there was an update (Lückmann & Schmitzer 2015) on the outline in order to also focus on the advantage of different rates making a dose response design possible where exposure levels are known. Additionally, this design gives the possibility to test different rates for honey bee colonies foraging in the same landscape. The main objective of the experiment presented here was to determine the natural variability of foragers losses of hives fed with a sub-lethal neonicotinoid concentration compared to an untreated control. Other objectives were to see if the neurotoxic exposure results in any observable sub-lethal effects and to find out if losses can be correlated to hive development. This was assessed with traditional methods and a novel, visual monitoring device.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 465 (2020): Hazards of pesticides to bees - 14th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group, October 23 - 25, 2019 Bern, Switzerland - Proceedings -
Experimental verification of magnetic near-field channeling using a helical-shaped wire medium lens
Creators: name: Morgado, Tiago A.
name: João, Guilherme L.
name: Pereira, Ricardo A. M.
name: Fernandes, David E.
name: Lannebère, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally verify that a magnetic uniaxial wire medium lens consisting of a racemic array of helical-shaped metallic wires may enable channeling the normal component of the magnetic field of near-field sources with resolution well below the diffraction limit over a broad bandwidth. It is experimentally demonstrated that the helical-shaped wire medium lens can be regarded as the magnetic counterpart of the usual wire medium lenses formed by straight metallic wires. The experimental results are validated with full-wave numerical simulations. We envision that the proposed metamaterial lens may have potential applications in magnetic resonance imaging, near-field wireless power transfer, and sensing.
description: This article was published in Applied Physics Letters
The general social survey-national death index: an innovative new dataset for the social sciences
Creators: name: Muennig, Peter A.
name: Johnson, Gretchen
name: Kim, Jibum
name: Smith, Tom
name: Rosen, Zohn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Medical sciences

description: Social epidemiology seeks in part to understand how social factors--ideas, beliefs, attitudes, actions, and social connections--influence health. However, national health datasets have not kept up with the evolving needs of this cutting-edge area in public health. Sociological datasets that do contain such information, in turn, provide limited health information. Our team has prospectively linked three decades of General Social Survey data to mortality information through 2008 via the National Death Index. In this paper, we describe the sample, the core elements of the dataset, and analytical considerations. The General Social Survey-National Death Index (GSS-NDI), to be released publicly in October 2011, will help shape the future of social epidemiology and other frontier areas of public health research.
Avaliação de Conceitos, Práticas e Perspectivas de Pensamento Computacional
Creators: name: Santana, Bianca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pensamento Computacional
Avaliação
Educação em Computação

description: O Pensamento Computacional (PC) é um conceito em destaque na área de educação em computação e faz parte de diversos currículos de computação na escola. É frequentemente descrito como um processo de resolução de problemas por meio de habilidades cognitivas. Apesar disso, não há consenso sobre quais habilidades fazem parte do PC. Consequentemente, também não há consenso sobre como medi-lo, o que dificulta o estabelecimento de estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e de avaliação da aquisição do PC. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de uma avaliação da aquisição do Pensamento Computacional para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II. A proposta de avaliação, composta por três testes, considera as dimensões de conceitos, práticas e perspectivas de PC. A validação desses instrumentos se dará por meio dos processos padrões da psicometria. Como resultados parciais realizamos um painel de especialistas composto por pesquisadores brasileiros para definir quais habilidades compõem o PC e a definição de tais habilidades, considerando o público alvo. Deste estudo resultou uma definição operacional para PC que relaciona sua aquisição e a aprendizagem de programação de computadores. A partir destes resultados, foi elaborado um banco de questões, com 117 itens. A fase atual do trabalho é a validação de conteúdo dos testes.
Spin operator in the Dirac theory
Creators: name: Caban, Pawel
name: Rembieliński, Jakub
name: Włodarczyk, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find all spin operators for a Dirac particle satisfying the following very general conditions: (i) spin does not convert positive (negative) energy states into negative (positive) energy states, (ii) spin is a pseudo-vector, and (iii) eigenvalues of the projection of a spin operator on an arbitrary direction are independent of this direction (isotropy condition). We show that there are four such operators and all of them fulfill the standard su(2) Lie algebra commutation relations. Nevertheless, only one of them has a proper non-relativistic limit and acts in the same way on negative and positive energy states. We show also that this operator is equivalent to the Newton-Wigner spin operator and Foldy-Wouthuysen mean-spin operator. We also discuss another operators proposed in the literature.
description: 9 pages
Recent progress in mathematical diffraction
Creators: name: Grimm, Uwe
name: Baake, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 52C23, 42A38

description: A brief summary of recent developments in mathematical diffraction theory is given. Particular emphasis is placed on systems with aperiodic order and continuous spectral components. We restrict ourselves to some key results and refer to the literature for further details.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Tutorial talk at ICQ12
Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase 2 reduces tumor metastasis and inflammatory signaling during blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor
Creators: name: Kandel, Jessica J.
name: Johung, Tessa B.
name: Guarnieri, Paolo
name: O'Toole, Kathleen Mary
name: Yamashiro, Darrell J.
name: Fisher, Jason C.
name: Gander, Jeffrey W.
name: Haley, Mary Jo
name: Hernandez, Sonia L.
name: Huang, Jianzhong
name: Chang, Yan-Jung
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Surgery
Cytology

description: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blockade is an effective therapy for human cancer, yet virtually all neoplasms resume primary tumor growth or metastasize during therapy. Mechanisms of progression have been proposed to include genes that control vascular remodeling and are elicited by hypoperfusion, such as the inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We have previously shown that COX-2 inhibition by the celecoxib analog SC236 attenuates perivascular stromal cell recruitment and tumor growth. We therefore examined the effect of combined SC236 and VEGF blockade, using the metastasizing orthotopic SKNEP1 model of pediatric cancer. Combined treatment perturbed tumor vessel remodeling and macrophage recruitment, but did not further limit primary tumor growth as compared to VEGF blockade alone. However, combining SC236 and VEGF inhibition significantly reduced the incidence of lung metastasis, suggesting a distinct effect on prometastatic mechanisms. We found that SC236 limited tumor cell viability and migration in vitro, with effects enhanced by hypoxia, but did not change tumor proliferation or matrix metalloproteinase expression in vivo. Gene set expression analysis (GSEA) indicated that the addition of SC236 to VEGF inhibition significantly reduced expression of gene sets linked to macrophage mobilization. Perivascular recruitment of macrophages induced by VEGF blockade was disrupted in tumors treated with combined VEGF- and COX-2-inhibition. Collectively, these findings suggest that during VEGF blockade COX-2 may restrict metastasis by limiting both prometastatic behaviors in individual tumor cells and mobilization of macrophages to the tumor vasculature.
Updating Economic Burden of Foodborne Diseases Estimates for Inflation and Income Growth
Creators: name: Hoffman, Sandra
name: Ahn, Jae-Wan
name: Hoffman, Sandra
name: Ahn, Jae-Wan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: inflation
subject: cost of illness

description: This report updates 2013 estimates of the economic burden of the 15 leading foodborne pathogens for inflation and income growth. ERS estimates of the economic burden of foodborne disease include the social costs of medical care, lost productivity, and premature death. The report finds that in 2018 dollars, the economic burden was about $17.6 billion, compared to $15.5 billion in 2013 dollars.
Patterns of genetic variation and the role of selection in HTR1A and HTR1B in macaques (Macaca)
Creators: name: Shattuck, Milena
name: Satkoski-Trask, Jessica
name: Deinard, Amos
name: Tito, Raul
name: Smith, David
name: Melnick, Don Jay
name: Malhi, Ripan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Research has increasingly highlighted the role of serotonin in behavior. However, few researchers have examined serotonin in an evolutionary context, although such research could provide insight into the evolution of important behaviors. The genus Macaca represents a useful model to address this, as this genus shows a wide range of behavioral variation. In addition, many genetic features of the macaque serotonin system are similar to those of humans, and as common models in biomedical research, knowledge of the genetic variation and evolution of serotonin functioning in macaques are particularly relevant for studies of human evolution. Here, we examine the role of selection in the macaque serotonin system by comparing patterns of genetic variation for two genes that code for two types of serotonin receptors – HTR1A and HTR1B – across five species of macaques. The pattern of variation is significantly different for HTR1A compared to HTR1B. Specifically, there is an increase in between-species variation compared to within-species variation for HTR1A. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that portions of HTR1A show an elevated level of nonsynonymous substitutions. Together these analyses are indicative of positive selection acting on HTR1A, but not HTR1B. Furthermore, the haplotype network for HTR1A is inconsistent with the species tree, potentially due to both deep coalescence and selection. The results of this study indicate distinct evolutionary histories for HTR1A and HTR1B, with HTR1A showing evidence of selection and a high level of divergence among species, a factor which may have an impact on biomedical research that uses these species as models. The wide genetic variation of HTR1A may also explain some of the species differences in behavior, although further studies on the phenotypic effect of the sequenced polymorphisms are needed to confirm this.
The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). Never mind the gaps: comparing techniques to restore homogeneous sky coverage
Creators: name: Cucciati, O.
name: Granett, B. R.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Marulli, F.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Bel, J.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Fritz, A.
name: Adami, C.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Davidzon, I.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Fumana, M.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Krywult, J.
name: Malek, K.
name: Paioro, L.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Tasca, L. A. M.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Di Porto, C.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Non-uniform sampling and gaps in sky coverage are common in galaxy redshift surveys, but these effects can degrade galaxy counts-in-cells and density estimates. We carry out a comparison of methods that aim to fill the gaps to correct for the systematic effects. Our study is motivated by the analysis of the VIMOS Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS), a flux-limited survey (i<22.5) based on one-pass observations with VIMOS, with gaps covering 25% of the surveyed area and a mean sampling rate of 35%. Our findings are applicable to other surveys with similar observing strategies. We compare 1) two algorithms based on photometric redshift, that assign redshifts to galaxies based on the spectroscopic redshifts of the nearest neighbours, 2) two Bayesian methods, the Wiener filter and the Poisson-Lognormal filter. Using galaxy mock catalogues we quantify the accuracy of the counts-in-cells measurements on scales of R=5 and 8 Mpc/h after applying each of these methods. We also study how they perform to account for spectroscopic redshift error and inhomogeneous and sparse sampling rate. We find that in VIPERS the errors in counts-in-cells measurements on R<10 Mpc/h scales are dominated by the sparseness of the sample. All methods underpredict by 20-35% the counts at high densities. This systematic bias is of the same order as random errors. No method outperforms the others. Random and systematic errors decrease for larger cells. We show that it is possible to separate the lowest and highest densities on scales of 5 Mpc/h at redshifts 0.5
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (revised version after minor revision and language editing)
The space-fractional diffusion-advection equation: Analytical solutions and critical assessment of numerical solutions
Creators: name: Stern, Robin
name: Effenberger, Frederic
name: Fichtner, Horst
name: Schaefer, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present work provides a critical assessment of numerical solutions of the space-fractional diffusion-advection equation, which is of high significance for applications in various natural sciences. In view of the fact that, in contrast to the case of normal (Gaussian) diffusion, no standard methods and corresponding numerical codes for anomalous diffusion problems have been established yet, it is of importance to critically assess the accuracy and performance of existing approaches. Three numerical methods, namely a finite-difference method, the so-called matrix transfer technique, and a Monte-Carlo method based on the solution of stochastic differential equations, are analyzed and compared by applying them to three selected test problems for which analytical or semi-analytical solutions were known or are newly derived. The accuracy and performance differences are critically discussed with the result that the use of stochastic differential equations appears to be advantageous.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Understanding the Components of U.S. Food Expenditures During Recessionary and Non-Recessionary Periods
Creators: name: Zeballos, Eliana
name: Sinclair, Wilson
name: Park, Timothy
name: Zeballos, Eliana
name: Sinclair, Wilson
name: Park, Timothy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: food at home
subject: food away from home

description: ERS analysis shows that during the COVID-19 Recession, while total food expenditures fell, food spending at places like grocery stores and supercenters increased. This increase in food-at-home spending was mostly driven by a shift away from food spending at places like restaurants and fast-food places.
Examining the Decline in U.S. Per Capita Consumption of Fluid Cow’s Milk, 2003–18
Creators: name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Cessna, Jerry
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Cessna, Jerry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: dietary trends
subject: nutrition

description: U.S. per capita consumption of fluid milk is declining. USDA, ERS researchers examine how consumption among children, teenagers, and adults changed over the years 2003 through 2018, including changes in the amounts of milk that each group consumed as a beverage, added to cereal, and added to other types of beverages like coffee and tea.