cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Tractable Approach to Coverage and Rate in Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeffrey G.
name: Baccelli, Francois
name: Ganti, Radha Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Cellular networks are usually modeled by placing the base stations on a grid, with mobile users either randomly scattered or placed deterministically. These models have been used extensively but suffer from being both highly idealized and not very tractable, so complex system-level simulations are used to evaluate coverage/outage probability and rate. More tractable models have long been desirable. We develop new general models for the multi-cell signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) using stochastic geometry. Under very general assumptions, the resulting expressions for the downlink SINR CCDF (equivalent to the coverage probability) involve quickly computable integrals, and in some practical special cases can be simplified to common integrals (e.g., the Q-function) or even to simple closed-form expressions. We also derive the mean rate, and then the coverage gain (and mean rate loss) from static frequency reuse. We compare our coverage predictions to the grid model and an actual base station deployment, and observe that the proposed model is pessimistic (a lower bound on coverage) whereas the grid model is optimistic, and that both are about equally accurate. In addition to being more tractable, the proposed model may better capture the increasingly opportunistic and dense placement of base stations in future networks.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communications
On Analytical Sociology
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Sociology--Methodology

description: The critics and adherents of analytical sociology are both too often engaged in a purification ritual whereby they try to eliminate the aspects of the approach that they consider to be polluted. If successful, these efforts will result in an analytical sociology as dry and unresponsive to the messy realities around us as rational choice. And if that occurs, very few actual sociologists would have an interest in the project. To keep analytical sociology open to possibility means that those who are in favor of good arguments about how things come to be and good descriptions of what things are or could be should spend less time talking about what is in and what is out of the canon and spend more time working on empirical problems.
Chains of rotational tori and filamentary structures close to high multiplicity periodic orbits in a 3D galactic potential
Creators: name: Katsanikas, M.
name: Patsis, P. A.
name: Pinotsis, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J25, 37J35, 70K20, 70K50, 70K55, 70H07, 70H12, 85A05

description: This paper discusses phase space structures encountered in the neighborhood of periodic orbits with high order multiplicity in a 3D autonomous Hamiltonian system with a potential of galactic type. We consider 4D spaces of section and we use the method of color and rotation [Patsis and Zachilas 1994] in order to visualize them. As examples we use the case of two orbits, one 2-periodic and one 7-periodic. We investigate the structure of multiple tori around them in the 4D surface of section and in addition we study the orbital behavior in the neighborhood of the corresponding simple unstable periodic orbits. By considering initially a few consequents in the neighborhood of the orbits in both cases we find a structure in the space of section, which is in direct correspondence with what is observed in a resonance zone of a 2D autonomous Hamiltonian system. However, in our 3D case we have instead of stability islands rotational tori, while the chaotic zone connecting the points of the unstable periodic orbit is replaced by filaments extending in 4D following a smooth color variation. For more intersections, the consequents of the orbit which started in the neighborhood of the unstable periodic orbit, diffuse in phase space and form a cloud that occupies a large volume surrounding the region containing the rotational tori. In this cloud the colors of the points are mixed. The same structures have been observed in the neighborhood of all m-periodic orbits we have examined in the system. This indicates a generic behavior.
description: 12 pages,22 figures, Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
A note on Brill-Noether thoery and rank determining sets for metric graphs
Creators: name: Lim, Chang Mou
name: Payne, Sam
name: Potashnik, Natasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14H51, 05C99

description: We produce open subsets of the moduli space of metric graphs without separating edges where the dimensions of Brill-Noether loci are larger than the corresponding Brill-Noether numbers. These graphs also have minimal rank determining sets that are larger than expected, giving couterexamples to a conjecture of Luo. Furthermore, limits of these graphs have Brill-Noether loci of the expected dimension, so dimensions of Brill-Noether loci of metric graphs do not vary upper semicontinuously in families. Motivated by these examples, we study a notion of rank for the Brill-Noether locus of a metric graph, closely analogous to the Baker-Norine definition of the rank of a divisor. We show that ranks of Brill-Noether loci vary upper semicontinuously in families of metric graphs and are related to dimensions of Brill-Noether loci of algebraic curves by a specialization inequality.
description: v2: 16 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes, including corrected typos and improved exposition in Section 5. To appear in IMRN
Gallavotti-Cohen-Type symmetry related to cycle decompositions for Markov chains and biochemical applications
Creators: name: Faggionato, A.
name: Di Pietro, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We slightly extend the fluctuation theorem obtained in \cite{LS} for sums of generators, considering continuous-time Markov chains on a finite state space whose underlying graph has multiple edges and no loop. This extended frame is suited when analyzing chemical systems. As simple corollary we derive in a different method the fluctuation theorem of D. Andrieux and P. Gaspard for the fluxes along the chords associated to a fundamental set of oriented cycles \cite{AG2}. We associate to each random trajectory an oriented cycle on the graph and we decompose it in terms of a basis of oriented cycles. We prove a fluctuation theorem for the coefficients in this decomposition. The resulting fluctuation theorem involves the cycle affinities, which in many real systems correspond to the macroscopic forces. In addition, the above decomposition is useful when analyzing the large deviations of additive functionals of the Markov chain. As example of application, in a very general context we derive a fluctuation relation for the mechanical and chemical currents of a molecular motor moving along a periodic filament.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. Corrections
Protecting Adolescents from Harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health.
Creators: name: Resnick, Michael D.
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Blum, Robert Wm.
name: Bauman, Karl E.
name: Harris, Kathleen M.
name: Jones, Jo
name: Tabor, Joyce
name: Beuhring, Trish
name: Sieving, Renee E.
name: Shew, Marcia
name: Ireland, Marjorie
name: Bearinger, Linda H.
name: Udry, J. Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public health
subject: Teenagers--Medical care
subject: Teenagers--Health risk assessment

description: Some children who are at highrisk for health-compromising behaviors successfully negotiate adolescence, avoiding the behaviors that predispose them to negative health outcomes; while others, relatively advantaged socially and economically, sustain significant morbidity as a consequence of their behaviors. These issues of vulnerability and resilience have stimulated an interest in the identification of protective factors in the lives of young people—factors that,if present, diminish the likelihood of negative health and social outcomes.20"26 Of the constellation of forces that influence adolescent health-risk behavior, the most fundamental are the social contexts in which adolescents are embed¬ded20;the family and school contexts are among the most critical. Yet, how adolescents' connections to these contexts shape their health-risk behaviors is poorly understood.
A thermodynamic motivation for dark energy
Creators: name: Radicella, Ninfa
name: Pavón, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that the discovery of cosmic acceleration could have been anticipated on thermodynamic grounds, namely, the generalized second law and the approach to equilibrium at large scale factor. Therefore, the existence of dark energy -or equivalently, some modified gravity theory- should have been expected. In general, cosmological models that satisfy the above criteria show compatibility with observational data.
description: 22 pages, 7 eps figures; Key words: dark energy, thermodynamics, modified gravity. Comments added and arguments sharpened
Current induced rotational torques in the skyrmion lattice phase of chiral magnets
Creators: name: Everschor, Karin
name: Garst, Markus
name: Duine, R. A.
name: Rosch, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In chiral magnets without inversion symmetry, the magnetic structure can form a lattice of magnetic whirl lines, a two-dimensional skyrmion lattice, stabilized by spin-orbit interactions in a small range of temperatures and magnetic fields. The twist of the magnetization within this phase gives rise to an efficient coupling of macroscopic magnetic domains to spin currents. We analyze the resulting spin-transfer effects, and, in particular, focus on the current induced rotation of the magnetic texture by an angle. Such a rotation can arise from macroscopic temperature gradients in the system as has recently been shown experimentally and theoretically. Here we investigate an alternative mechanism, where small distortions of the skyrmion lattice and the transfer of angular momentum to the underlying atomic lattice play the key role. We employ the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and adapt the Thiele method to derive an effective equation of motion for the rotational degree of freedom. We discuss the dependence of the rotation angle on the orientation of the applied magnetic field and the distance to the phase transition.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; minor changes, published version
The Social Structure of Suicide
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social structure
subject: Suicide--Social aspects
subject: Suicide

description: A parsimonious structural model of the four forms of suicide -- egoism, altruism, anomie, and fatalism -- defined in Durkheim's Suicide is developed. The model explicitly defines the structural position of each form of suicide by focusing on duality of social structure, while retaining an analytic distinction between social integration and normative regulation. A payoff from this approach is that fatalism and anomie are interpreted in the same framework as altruism and egoism. The result is a consistent account of the four forms of suicide that is faithful to Durkheim's intentions to account for the aggregate suicide rate without recourse to the motivations of actors.
On the efficiency of quantum lithography
Creators: name: Kothe, Christian
name: Björk, Gunnar
name: Inoue, Shuichiro
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum lithography promises, in principle, unlimited feature resolution, independent of wavelength. However, in the literature at least two different theoretical descriptions of quantum lithography exist. They differ in to which extent they predict that the photons retain spatial correlation from generation to the absorption, and while both predict the same feature size, they differ vastly in predicting how efficiently a quantum lithographic pattern can be exposed. Until recently, essentially all experiments reported have been performed in such a way that it is difficult to distinguish between the two theoretical explanations. However, last year an experiment was performed which gives different outcomes for the two theories. We comment on the experiment and show that the model that fits the data unfortunately indicates that the trade-off between resolution and efficiency in quantum lithography is very unfavourable.
description: 19 pages, extended version including a thorough mathematical derivation
Propagators and Matrix Basis on Noncommutative Minkowski Space
Creators: name: Fischer, Andre
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an analytic continuation of the Euclidean Grosse-Wulkenhaar and LSZ models which defines a one-parameter family of duality covariant noncommutative field theories interpolating between Euclidean and Minkowski space versions of these models, and provides an alternative regularization to the usual Feynman prescription. This regularization allows for a matrix model representation of the field theories in terms of a complex generalization of the usual basis of Landau wavefunctions. The corresponding propagators are calculated and identified with the Feynman propagators of the field theories. The regulated quantum field theories are shown to be UV/IR-duality covariant. We study the asymptotics of the regularized propagators in position and matrix space representations, and confirm that they generically possess a comparably good decay behaviour as in the Euclidean case.
description: 45 pages; v2: clarifying comments added; v3: further clarifying comments added; Final version published in Physical Review D
Essays on financial markets and information
Creators: name: Xiao, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation consists of three essays, each focusing on a critical aspect of the financial market, including 1) the interplay between financial analysts and market investors, 2) the impact of biased beliefs of market participants on asset prices, and 3) the diffusion of information between different asset classes. The first essay, "Investor (Mis)Reaction, Biased Beliefs, and the Mispricing Cycle", co-authored with Azi-Ben-Rephael and Steffen Hitzemann, constructs a new measure that captures the disparity between the market reaction to earnings information and the earnings surprise ("Return-Earnings Gap'', “REG”). High REG positively predicts analyst forecast errors and firm mispricing (overvaluation). Analyst forecast errors are particularly increased when REG provides confirming information. In turn, REG is positively predicted by analyst forecast errors and higher mispricing, leading to a continuation of firm overvaluation over several quarters. Overall, our results reveal how the market’s (mis)reaction feeds back into the belief formation of analysts and investors, leading to a slow correction of firm mispricing. A simple structural model explains the predictive power of REG for analyst forecast errors and the build-up of mispricing by incorporating the dynamic expectation formation between different agents. The second essay, "Analysts’ Revision Ratio", co-authored with Azi Ben-Rephael, proposes a measure that captures changes in analysts' expectations based on their earnings forecast revisions at different horizons. Our measure RevRatio is higher when analysts revise their annual forecast more than the quarterly forecast. For positive revisions, higher RevRatio results in significant subsequent reversals consistent with analysts' excessive optimism. For negative revisions, higher RevRatio results in modest price continuation. This asymmetry is consistent with recent market-level evidence on motivated beliefs and suggests that negative information incorporation is consistent with firm fundamentals. Our findings are robust to the inclusion of analyst revisions and consensus biases across multiple horizons. The third essay, "Do Stocks Lead Bonds? New Evidence from Corporate Bond ETFs", co-authored with Hao Jiang and Sophia Zhengzi Li, studies the dynamic information flows between stock and corporate bond markets. Using accurately measured returns on corporate bond exchange-traded funds (ETFs), we find that returns on a portfolio of stocks of firms issuing the bonds in the ETFs positively predict corporate bond ETF returns, but not vice versa. The return predictability is stronger for ETFs tracking the indices of corporate bonds with lower credit ratings and higher yields. By contrast, a randomly formed stock portfolio does not predict ETF returns. These results are consistent with the notion of gradual information diffusion across asset markets.
Import [Include/Exclude] Export: Using free systematic review tool Rayyan for database comparison study
Creators: name: Ritchie, Stephanie
name: Banyas, Kelly
name: Sevin, Carol
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: database comparison
methodology
data management
Rayyan
agricultural research literature

description: Presentation to the Empirical Librarians 2019 Conference held on Thursday, March 7-8, 2019, at the James Branch Cabell Library at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia.
description: Many methods to analyze database content and performance have been used and share one common challenge – How to manage the large volume of data needed to accurately assess databases. As part of an ongoing project to compare databases that provide agricultural research literature, our research team collected data to analyze the retrieved content of eight research literature databases. We worked with a new, free application designed to assist teams with systematic reviews. Rayyan QCRI allows teams of researchers to include/exclude citations collected during research literature retrieval based on pre-set criteria. Our team re-purposed Rayyan as a tool for reviewing search result citations for precision and recall analysis.
A shear spectral sum rule in a non-conformal gravity dual
Creators: name: Springer, Todd
name: Gale, Charles
name: Jeon, Sangyong
name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sum rule which relates a stress-energy tensor correlator to thermodynamic functions is examined within the context of a simple non-conformal gravity dual. Such a sum rule was previously derived using AdS/CFT for conformal $\mathcal{N} = 4$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, but we show that it does not generalize to the non-conformal theory under consideration. We provide a generalized sum rule and numerically verify its validity. A useful byproduct of the calculation is the computation of the spectral density in a strongly coupled non-conformal theory. Qualitative features of the spectral densities and implications for lattice measurements of transport coefficients are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. v5: Typos in Eq. (60) fixed. v4: References added, matches published version. v3: Minor typographical corrections. v2: References and some discussion in Appendix A have been added; conclusions unchanged
Networks and History
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Moody, James
name: Faris, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Historical sociology
subject: Event history analysis
subject: Social networks

description: Events and event structures compose the constituent elements of history. In order to construct historical accounts of event sequences, historians have to make cases. This article proposes a method for casing historical events. We illustrate the analytic strategy by considering a complex population of interrelated events that make up a narrative of revolution, counter revolution, and revolution in a small village in China. Implications for the methodology of historical social science are discussed.
On the alignment of debris disks and their host stars' rotation axis -implications for spin-orbit misalignment in exoplanetary systems
Creators: name: Watson, C. A.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Diamond, C.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Fitzsimmons, A.
name: Simpson, E.
name: Moulds, V.
name: Pollacco, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been widely thought that measuring the misalignment angle between the orbital plane of a transiting exoplanet and the spin of its host star was a good discriminator between different migration processes for hot-Jupiters. Specifically, well-aligned hot-Jupiter systems (as measured by the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect) were thought to have formed via migration through interaction with a viscous disk, while misaligned systems were thought to have undergone a more violent dynamical history. These conclusions were based on the assumption that the planet-forming disk was well-aligned with the host star. Recent work by a number of authors has challenged this assumption by proposing mechanisms that act to drive the star-disk interaction out of alignment during the pre-main sequence phase. We have estimated the stellar rotation axis of a sample of stars which host spatially resolved debris disks. Comparison of our derived stellar rotation axis inclination angles with the geometrically measured debris-disk inclinations shows no evidence for a misalignment between the two.
description: Accepted version for publication in the Letters of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Includes minor changes to abstract and introduction and reanalysis of statistics
Colloquium. Quantum Fluctuation Relations: Foundations and Applications
Creators: name: Campisi, Michele
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Talkner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two fundamental ingredients play a decisive role in the foundation of fluctuation relations: the principle of microreversibility and the fact that thermal equilibrium is described by the Gibbs canonical ensemble. Building on these two pillars we guide the reader through a self-contained exposition of the theory and applications of quantum fluctuation relations. These are exact results that constitute the fulcrum of the recent development of nonequilibrium thermodynamics beyond the linear response regime. The material is organized in a way that emphasizes the historical connection between quantum fluctuation relations and (non)-linear response theory. We also attempt to clarify a number of fundamental issues which were not completely settled in the prior literature. The main focus is on (i) work fluctuation relations for transiently driven closed or open quantum systems, and (ii) on fluctuation relations for heat and matter exchange in quantum transport settings. Recently performed and proposed experimental applications are presented and discussed.
description: 25 pages. Published version + Addendum/Erratum
The novel role of extracellular cardiolipin in microglial activation and neuroinflammation
Creators: name: Pointer, Caitlin Bennett
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic neuroinflammation. Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, become activated in response to pathological stimuli and cellular debris. Once activated, microglia secrete pro-inflammatory mediators, as well as participate in phagocytosis in aims of eliminating the noxious stimuli. Microglial activation is normally beneficial, as it helps maintain homeostatic conditions and regulate the immune status of the brain; however, in AD, microglia become over-activated, which causes the non-specific release of cytotoxic molecules and results in extensive neuronal death. Cardiolipin, a mitochondrial phospholipid implicated in regulating metabolic processes, is significantly reduced in AD brains. Additionally, it has been shown that cardiolipin can be relocated to the outer mitochondrial membrane, as well as to the plasma membrane during various cellular processes. Although the intracellular role of cardiolipin has been well defined, the effects of extracellular cardiolipin on microglial functions implicated in AD pathogenesis have yet to be investigated. The central hypothesis of this thesis proposes that extracellular cardiolipin regulates select microglial functions. I focused on three specific research objectives: 1) to determine whether extracellular cardiolipin induces the phagocytic activity of microglia, 2) to determine whether extracellular cardiolipin affects microglial functions that impact neuronal viability and 3) to determine whether extracellular cardiolipin alters the secretory profile of microglia. By utilizing in vitro cell culture techniques and biological assays with immortalized CNS model cells, as well as primary murine microglia, I demonstrate that extracellular cardiolipin induces the phagocytic activity of microglia, decreases microglia-mediated cytotoxicity towards neurons, as well as alters the secretory profile of activated microglia by reducing the secretion of key inflammatory mediators, including reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. The findings of this study demonstrate that extracellular cardiolipin regulates several microglial functions that potentially impact select aspects of neuroinflammation implicated in AD. Therefore, extracellular cardiolipin may represent a novel therapeutic agent that promotes the clearance of pathological structures, inhibits the extensive neuronal death and alters the secretory profile of over-activated microglia present in neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
Comparing Perfect and 2nd Voronoi decompositions: the matroidal locus
Creators: name: Melo, Margarida
name: Viviani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compare two rational polyhedral admissible decompositions of the cone of positive definite quadratic forms: the perfect cone decomposition and the 2nd Voronoi decomposition. We determine which cones belong to both the decompositions, thus providing a positive answer to a conjecture of V. Alexeev and A. Brunyate. As an application, we compare the two associated toroidal compactifications of the moduli space of principal polarized abelian varieties: the perfect cone compactification and the 2nd Voronoi compactification.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, final version, to appear in Mathematische Annalen
On the dynamical evolution of Scattered Disk Objects outside the planetary system
Creators: name: Gabryszewski, Ryszard
name: Rickman, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of dynamical simulations, covering Gyr timescales, of fictitious Scattered Disk Objects as a follow-up to an earlier study by Fernández et al. (2004: {\it Icarus} {\bf 172}, 372). Our dynamical model is similar in that it does not include external agents like passing stars or the Galactic tide. Only the four giant planets are explicitly treated as perturbers. We analyze the random-walk behaviour of the inverse semi-major axis by means of a simplified circular restricted 3-body problem as an approximate analogue. Our results concerning the role of resonant effects and the transfer efficiency into the orbital energy domain of the inner Oort Cloud are in broad agreement with the earlier papers, and we confirm the important role of external objects (with perihelia beyond Neptune's orbit) in feeding the Oort Cloud. We estimate the efficiency of this transfer to be even somewhat higher than previously found.
title: Visualization approaches for coherence relations
title: Visualisierungsansätze zur Kohärenzrelationen
Creators: name: Zolotarenko, Olha
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 410 Linguistik

description: Die hier vorliegende Arbeit stellt einen Versuch dar, den Visualisierungsansätzen in dem Feld der annotierten Diskursrelationen nahezukommen und durch Vergleich verschiedener Programmierwerkzeuge eine anforderungsnahe Lösung zu finden. Als Gegenstand der Forschung wurden Kohärenzrelationen ausgewählt, welche eine Reihe an Eigenschaften aufweisen, die für viele Visualisierungsmethoden herausfordernd sein können. Die Arbeit stellt fünf verschiedene Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten sowohl von der Anwendungs- als auch von der Entwicklungsperspektive vor. Die zunächst getesteten einfachen HTML-Ansätze sowie das Softwarepaket displaCy zeigen das unzureichende Niveau für die Visualisierungszwecke dieser Arbeit. Die alternative Implementierung mit D3 würde die Voraussetzungen zwar optimal erfüllen, sprengt aber deutlich den Rahmen des Projektes. Die gewählte Hauptmethode wurde als Single-Web-Anwendung konzipiert und verwendet das Annotationstool brat, welches die meisten definierten Voraussetzungen für die Repräsentation der Kohärenzrelationen erfüllt. Die Anwendung stellt die im Text annotierten Kohärenzrelationen graphisch dar und bietet eine Filterfunktion für verschiedene Relationstypen an.
description: This thesis aims to investigate the visualization approaches in the field of annotated discourse relations and to find a solution that meets the requirements best by comparing different programming tools. The subject of this research are coherence relations, which have several properties that can be challenging for many visualization methods. The thesis presents five different visualization options from both the application and the development perspective. The initially tested simple HTML approaches as well as the software package displaCy show the insufficient level for the visualization purposes of this work. The alternative implementation with D3 would optimally meet the requirements but goes beyond the scope of the project. The main method chosen in this thesis was implemented as a single web application and uses the brat annotation tool, which fulfills most of the defined requirements for the representation of the coherence relations. The application graphically displays the coherence relations annotated in the text and offers a filter function for different relation types.
Desertion as Localism: Army Unit Solidarity and Group Norms in the U.S. Civil War.
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Desertion, Military
subject: Soldiers
subject: Civil war

description: Drawing from the experiences of 3,126 enlisted men from North Carolina who fought for the Confederacy in the U.S. Civil War, this article focuses on the determinants of desertion. I argue that men deserted because their identity as Southerners was eroded by an emergent localism, sustained and organized within the Confederate army. Desertion rates were highest in companies that evidenced a high degree of local homogeneity — company solidarity thus bred rather than reduced desertion rates. There is no support for any of the historical models of desertion that search for individual-level determinants, such as social class, occupation, status, family structure, age, or time of enlistment. Finally, contextual variables seem to be weak proxies for the central variable accounting for desertion — the emergence of a localist identity.
Equivalence Principle (EP) and Solar System Constraints on $R(1\pm ε\ln({R \over R_c}))$ model of Gravity
Creators: name: Saaidi, Kh.
name: Aghamohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on the violation of equivalence principle (EP) and solar system give a number of constraints in which any modified gravity model must satisfy them. We study these constraints on a kind of $f(R)$ gravity as $f(R) = R(1\pm ε\ln({R \over R_c}))$. For this investigation we use of chameleon mechanism and show that a spherically body has thin-shell in this model. So that we obtain an effective coupling of the fifth force which is suppressed through a chameleon mechanism. Also, we obtain $γ_{PPN} = 1 \pm 1.13 \times10^{-5}$ which is agreement with experiment results. At last, we show that for $R_c \thickapprox ρ_c$ this model is consistent with EP, thin shell condition and fifth force of chameleon mechanism for $ε\backsimeq 10^{-14}$.
description: 6 pages, no figure, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science
title: Santé sexuelle suisse
title: newsletter
titleType: Subtitle
title: Santé sexuelle suisse
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Santé Sexuelle Suisse
Publisher: name: Santé sexuelle Suisse
Year: 0

description: A partir de 2015, la newsletter est donnée sous forme de page internet. Santé sexuelle Suisse s’appelait avant PLANeS.
From Social Data Mining to Forecasting Socio-Economic Crisis
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Balietti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Socio-economic data mining has a great potential in terms of gaining a better understanding of problems that our economy and society are facing, such as financial instability, shortages of resources, or conflicts. Without large-scale data mining, progress in these areas seems hard or impossible. Therefore, a suitable, distributed data mining infrastructure and research centers should be built in Europe. It also appears appropriate to build a network of Crisis Observatories. They can be imagined as laboratories devoted to the gathering and processing of enormous volumes of data on both natural systems such as the Earth and its ecosystem, as well as on human techno-socio-economic systems, so as to gain early warnings of impending events. Reality mining provides the chance to adapt more quickly and more accurately to changing situations. Further opportunities arise by individually customized services, which however should be provided in a privacy-respecting way. This requires the development of novel ICT (such as a self- organizing Web), but most likely new legal regulations and suitable institutions as well. As long as such regulations are lacking on a world-wide scale, it is in the public interest that scientists explore what can be done with the huge data available. Big data do have the potential to change or even threaten democratic societies. The same applies to sudden and large-scale failures of ICT systems. Therefore, dealing with data must be done with a large degree of responsibility and care. Self-interests of individuals, companies or institutions have limits, where the public interest is affected, and public interest is not a sufficient justification to violate human rights of individuals. Privacy is a high good, as confidentiality is, and damaging it would have serious side effects for society.
description: 65 pages, 1 figure, Visioneer White Paper, see http://www.visioneer.ethz.ch
Interaction-induced stabilization of circular Rydberg atoms
Creators: name: Hezel, Bernd
name: Mayle, Michael
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a candidate solution for the controlled trapping and manipulation of two individual Rydberg atoms by means of a magnetic Ioffe-Pritchard trap that is superimposed by a constant electric field. In such a trap Rydberg atoms experience a permanent electric dipole moment that can be of the order of several hundred Debye. The interplay of electric dipolar repulsion and three dimensional magnetic confinement leads to a well controllable equilibrium configuration with tunable trap frequency and atomic distance. We thoroughly investigate the trapping potentials and analyze the interaction-induced stabilization of two such trapped Rydberg atoms. Possible limitations and collapse scenarios are discussed.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Becoming a Nazi: A Model for Narrative Networks
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Stovel, Katherine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Nazis
subject: Personal narratives
subject: Becoming (Philosophy)
subject: Autobiography

description: This article illustrates a strategy for representing and analyzing narratives as networks. The strategy that we use considers narrative sequences as networks. Elements are treated as nodes which are connected by narrative clauses, represented by arcs. By representing complex event sequences as networks, inducing 'narrative networks', it is possible to observe and measure new structural features of narratives. The narratives we focus on are autobiographical accounts of becoming, and being, a Nazi. The substantive idea that we develop in this article is that the observable narrative structure of life stories can provide insight into the process of identity formation. We illustrate our approach to narrative networks by analyzing a single story that, in conjunction with the analysis of other stories, yields a set of insights into becoming and being.
The Structure and Dynamics of Movement Participation
Creators: name: Kim, Hyojoung
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social movements
subject: Political participation

description: We develop a dynamic network model of collective action that explains how collective action can arise in the absence of selective incentives or disincentives from the voluntary action of can arise in the absence of selective incentives or disincentives from the voluntary action of among interdependent actors can yield a cascade of activism and result in a successful social movement.
The true radiation gauge for gravity
Creators: name: Chen, Xiang-Song
name: Zhu, Ben-Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Corresponding to the similarity between the Lorentz gauge $\partial_μA^μ=0$ in electrodynamics and $g^{μν}Γ^ρ_{μν}=0$ in gravity, we show that the counterpart of the radiation gauge $\partial_iA^i=0$ is $g^{ij}Γ^ρ_{ij}=0$, in stead of other forms as discussed before. Particularly: 1) at least for a weak field, $g^{ij}Γ^ρ_{ij}=0$ fixes the gauge completely and picks out exactly the two physical components of the gravitational field; 2) like $A^0$, the non-dynamical components $h_{0μ}$ are solved instantaneously; 3) gravitational radiation is generated by the "transverse" part of the energy-momentum tensor, similar to the transverse current $\vec J_\perp$. This true" radiation gauge $g^{ij}Γ^ρ_{ij}=0$ is especially pertinent for studying gravitational energy, such as the energy flow in gravitational radiation. It agrees with the transverse-traceless (TT) gauge for a pure wave, and reveals remarkably how the TT gauge can be adapted in the presence of source.
description: 11 pages, no figure; significant revision, showing how the TT gauge can be adapted in the presence of source
Foregone Health Care among Adolescents
Creators: name: Ford, Carol A.
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Moody, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Medical care
subject: Teenagers--Medical care
subject: Medical screening
subject: Pediatrics

description: Physicians' opportunities to address adolescents' health needs depend on adolescents at risk of health problems seeking care. Health care for emotional problems, substance use, and risk-associated sexual behaviors is particularly important since major causes of adolescent morbidity and mortality are related to motor vehicle injuries, interpersonal violence, suicide, alcohol and tobacco use, and sexual behaviors. Physicians have opportunities to screen adolescents for behaviors associated with potential negative health outcomes and for health problems during routine health care and visits precipitated by adolescents' concerns. Both depend on adolescents having access to and using health care services.
Interaction between LiH molecule and Li atom from state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations
Creators: name: Skomorowski, Wojciech
name: Pawłowski, Filip
name: Korona, Tatiana
name: Moszyński, Robert
name: Żuchowski, Piotr S.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-of-the-art ab initio techniques have been applied to compute the potential energy surface for the lithium atom interacting with the lithium hydride molecule in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The interaction potential was obtained using a combination of the explicitly correlated unrestricted coupled-cluster method with single, double, and noniterative triple excitations [UCCSD(T)-F12] for the core-core and core-valence correlation and full configuration interaction for the valence-valence correlation. The potential energy surface has a global minimum 8743 cm^{-1} deep if the Li-H bond length is held fixed at the monomer equilibrium distance or 8825 cm^{-1} deep if it is allowed to vary. In order to evaluate the performance of the conventional CCSD(T) approach, calculations were carried out using correlation-consistent polarized valence X-tuple-zeta bases, with X ranging from 2 to 5. The contribution beyond the CCSD(T)-F12 model, obtained from full configuration interaction (FCI) calculations for the valence-valence correlation, was shown to be very small. At linear LiH-Li geometries the ground-state potential shows an avoided crossing with an ion-pair potential.Using both adiabatic and diabatic pictures we analyse the interaction between the two potential energy surfaces and its possible impact on the collisional dynamics. When the LiH bond is allowed to vary, a seam of conical intersections appears at C_{2v} geometries. At the linear LiH-Li geometry, the conical intersection is at a Li-H distance which is only slightly larger than the monomer equilibrium distance, but for nonlinear geometries it quickly shifts to Li-H distances that are well outside the classical turning points of the ground-state potential of LiH. Finally, the reaction channels for the exchange and insertion reactions are also analyzed.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures
Measurement of f0(980) Elliptic Flow in Proton-Lead Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider and Its Possible Quark Content
Creators: name: Gu, An
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510601
subject: Nuclear physics

description: Exotic hadrons are hadrons with constituent quark content different from the normal meson and baryon. The f0(980) hadron is one of the exotic hadron candidates, which was first discovered in $\pi\pi$ scattering experiments in the 1970's. It could be a ordinary quarnk-antiquark meson, a tetraquark exotic state, a kaon-antikaon molecule, or a quark-antiquark-gluon hybrid state.Anisotropic flow (vn) is a powerful tool to probe the dynamics of relativistic heavy ion collisions. The observed approximate scaling of vn by the number of constituent quarks (NCQ) suggests the importance of partonic degree of freedom in these collisions. Large vn and NCQ-scaling have also been observed in high-multiplicity proton-lead (pPb) collisions at the LHC, suggesting similar dynamics in pPb collisions. The empirically established NCQ-scaling can be exploited to probe the constituent quark content of the f0(980) hadron.We measure the elliptic flow (v2) of f0(980) in high-multiplicity pPb collisions at 8 TeV with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the LHC, through its main pion-pion ($\pi^+\pi^-$) decay channel. The invariant mass spectrum is obtained from opposite sign pion pairs, and the combinatorial background is estimated by same-sign pion pairs and subtracted. The f0(980) signal and the remaining residual background are modeled by relativistic Breit-Wigner and polynomial functions, respectively. The yield of f0(980) is extracted as a function of azimuthal angle relative to the event plane, and the f0(980) v2 is measured as function of $p_T$, corrected for the event-plane resolution. The non-flow component in f0(980) v2 has been estimated by that of Ks0. By comparing the measured v2 of the f0(980) to those of other hadrons, we infer the number of constituent quarks for the f0(980) assuming NCQ scaling. The f0(980) is found to be a 2-quark state in this work. We discuss the systematic uncertainties involved in our study, implications of our result, and possible future works in this endeavor.