cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AMBIPOLAR RADICAL POLYMERS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN ORGANIC ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES
Creators: name: Ogunlalu, Oluwafemi Uzoma
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organic chemical synthesis
Magnetism and palaeomagnetism
Electrochemistry
Polymers and plastics

description: Radical polymers have received increased attention due to their scalable synthesis, ambient stability, optical transparency, and the ease of tuning their electronic properties. Radical polymers based on 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl-oxidanyl (TEMPO) have been widely synthesized and utilized in various organic-based devices. These polymers are exclusively p-type (i.e., hole-transporting) and recent interest has shifted to a search for other optoelectronic materials that can provide electron-transporting (n-type) and ambipolar properties. This would afford opportunities for advanced complementary circuitry. This dissertation describes the design, synthesis, optoelectronic, electrochemical and spin properties of radical polymers based on verdazyl and nitronyl-nitroxide pendant groups. Furthermore, it succinctly portrays how electronic and magnetic properties from these materials have been used to address fundamental challenges in advanced electromagnetic systems. Chapter 1 provides a deeper understanding of the device systems that were addressed in the subsequent chapters of this work. The working principles, efficiency, and limitations of three device systems are well-described and these include electrochromic devices, spintronic devices, and organic electrochemical transistors. Chapter 2 provides fundamental knowledge into the pendant groups that have been employed in this work. The history, synthetic routes, and modern-day chemistries of verdazyl and nitronyl nitroxide compounds are well-elucidated. This chapter also reveals approaches that can be employed in transferring spin density present in the small molecules of these pendant groups into much-larger, polymeric frameworks. Chapter 3 provides a full description of a verdazyl polymer, polyoxo-3-(2-mercapto ethyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazin-6-one (PVEO) whose exciting properties have afforded it the opportunity to be employed as a counter electrode (i.e., the ion storage layer) in a high-performance electrochromic device. PVEO is viable alternative to inorganic-based materials that are presently being used in these systems. Chapter 4 delves more into the magnetic properties of radical polymers and effectively describes how a nitronyl nitroxide polymer, poly-3-(4-(1-(3-methoxy-2-methylpropyl)-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1-oxidaneyl-imidazole-3-oxide (PTNN) have been used to operate a spintronic device. The utilized spin-valve architectures, observed organic magnetoresistances, and opportunities for advanced applications are well described. Chapter 5 provides both future perspectives and preliminary research work that have been done on how a verdazyl polymer, poly-3-(4-(1-(3-methoxy-2-methylpropyl)-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazin-6-one (TA-PVEO) could serve as active layers in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs).
Obliquities of "Top-Shaped" Asteroids May Not Imply Reshaping by YORP Spin-up
Creators: name: Statler, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timescales over which the YORP effect alters the rotation period and the obliquity of a small asteroid can be very different, because the corresponding torques couple to different aspects of the object's shape. For nearly axisymmetric, "top-shaped" near-Earth asteroids such as 101955 Bennu, spin timescales are an order of magnitude or more longer than obliquity timescales, which are of order 10^5 to 10^6 yr. The observed low obliquities (near 0 or 180 degrees) of top-shaped asteroids do not constitute evidence that they acquired their present shapes and spins through YORP spin-up, because low obliquities are expected regardless of the spin-up or reshaping mechanism.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, Icarus in press. 2 typos corrected, 1 arXiv reference added
Ancilla-free continuous-variable SWAP test
Creators: name: Volkoff, T. J.
name: Subaşı, Yiğit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a continuous-variable (CV) SWAP test that requires no ancilla register, thereby generalizing the ancilla-free SWAP test for qubits. In this ancilla-free CV SWAP test, the computational basis measurement is replaced by photon number-resolving measurement, and we calculate an upper bound on the error of the overlap estimate obtained from a finite Fock cutoff in the detector. As an example, we show that estimation of the overlap of pure, centered, single-mode Gaussian states of energy $E$ and squeezed in opposite quadratures can be obtained to error $ε$ using photon statistics below a Fock basis cutoff $O(E\ln ε^{-1})$. This cutoff is greatly reduced to $E + O(\sqrt{E}\ln ε^{-1})$ when the states have rapidly decaying Fock tails, such as coherent states. We show how the ancilla-free CV SWAP test can be extended to many modes and applied to quantum algorithms such as variational compiling and entanglement spectroscopy in the CV setting. For the latter we also provide a new algorithm which does not have an analog in qubit systems. The ancilla-free CV SWAP test is implemented on Xanadu's 8-mode photonic processor in order to estimate the vacuum probability of a two-mode squeezed state.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
A novel method for sampling the suspended sediment load in the tidal environment using bi-directional time-integrated mass-flux sediment (TIMS) samplers
Creators: name: Walters, G.W.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
name: Monbureau, E.
name: McKee, B.A.
name: Elliott, E.A.
name: Elliott, M.A.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 2017

description: Identifying the source and abundance of sediment transported within tidal creeks is essential for studying the connectivity between coastal watersheds and estuaries. The fine-grained suspended sediment load (SSL) makes up a substantial portion of the total sediment load carried within an estuarine system and efficient sampling of the SSL is critical to our understanding of nutrient and contaminant transport, anthropogenic influence, and the effects of climate. Unfortunately, traditional methods of sampling the SSL, including instantaneous measurements and automatic samplers, can be labor intensive, expensive and often yield insufficient mass for comprehensive geochemical analysis. In estuaries this issue is even more pronounced due to bi-directional tidal flow. This study tests the efficacy of a time-integrated mass sediment sampler (TIMS) design, originally developed for uni-directional flow within the fluvial environment, modified in this work for implementation the tidal environment under bi-directional flow conditions. Our new TIMS design utilizes an ‘L’ shaped outflow tube to prevent backflow, and when deployed in mirrored pairs, each sampler collects sediment uniquely in one direction of tidal flow. Laboratory flume experiments using dye and particle image velocimetry (PIV) were used to characterize the flow within the sampler, specifically, to quantify the settling velocities and identify stagnation points. Further laboratory tests of sediment indicate that bidirectional TIMS capture up to 96% of incoming SSL across a range of flow velocities (0.3–0.6 m s−1). The modified TIMS design was tested in the field at two distinct sampling locations within the tidal zone. Single-time point suspended sediment samples were collected at high and low tide and compared to time-integrated suspended sediment samples collected by the bi-directional TIMS over the same four-day period. Particle-size composition from the bi-directional TIMS were representative of the array of single time point samples, but yielded greater mass, representative of flow and sediment-concentration conditions at the site throughout the deployment period. This work proves the efficacy of the modified bi-directional TIMS design, offering a novel tool for collection of suspended sediment in the tidally-dominated portion of the watershed.
ENLIGHT RISE - Deliverable 3.2 - Case studies on connecting with European infrastructures for R&I
Creators: name: Schatz, Merle
name: Schmidt, Birgit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: European Universities Alliances
Digital infrastructures
Digital Research Infrastructures

description: Interoperable and shared European digital research infrastructures (DRI) shall enable ENLIGHT researchers to better collaborate, share their research data, and develop new ideas. Connecting DRIs is a complex process for all actors involved. This report brings together examples of current work tasks and challenges, using examples from DARIAH, CLARIN, NBIS (the Swedish node in ELIXIR). The goal is to provide insights into the diversity of the task related to connecting DRIs.
Localizing non-linear ${\cal N}=(2,2)$ sigma model on $S^2$
Creators: name: Alekseev, Victor
name: Festuccia, Guido
name: Mishnyakov, Victor
name: Terziev, Nicolai
name: Zabzine, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of ${\cal N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric non-linear sigma models on $S^2$ with the target being a Kähler manifold. We discuss their reformulation in terms of cohomological field theory. In the cohomological formulation we use a novel version of 2D self-duality which involves a $U(1)$ action on $S^2$. In addition to the generic model we discuss the theory with target space equivariance corresponding to a supersymmetric sigma model coupled to a non-dynamical supersymmetric background gauge multiplet. We discuss the localization locus and perform a one-loop calculation around the constant maps. We argue that the theory can be reduced to some exotic model over the moduli space of holomorphic disks.
description: 51 pages, refs added
Placing barrier-island transgression in a blue-carbon context
Creators: name: Theuerkauf, E.J.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2017

description: Backbarrier saltmarshes are considered carbon sinks; however, barrier island transgression and the associated processes of erosion and overwash are typically not included in coastal carbon budgets. Here, we present a carbon-budget model for transgressive barrier islands that includes a dynamic carbon-storage term, driven by backbarrier-marsh width, and a carbon-export term, driven by ocean and backbarrier shoreline erosion. To examine the impacts of storms, human disturbances and the backbarrier setting of a transgressive barrier island on carbon budgets and reservoirs, the model was applied to sites at Core Banks and Onslow Beach, NC, USA. Results show that shoreline erosion and burial of backbarrier marsh from washover deposition and dredge-spoil disposal temporarily transitioned each site into a net exporter (source) of carbon. The magnitude of the carbon reservoir was linked to the backbarrier setting of an island. Carbon reservoirs of study sites separated from the mainland by only backbarrier marsh (no lagoon) decreased for over a decade because carbon storage could not keep pace with erosion. With progressive narrowing of the backbarrier marsh, these barriers will begin to function more persistently as carbon sources until the reservoir is depleted at the point where the barrier welds with the mainland. Undeveloped barrier islands with wide lagoons are carbon sources briefly during erosive periods; however, at century time scales are net carbon importers (sinks) because new marsh habitat can form during barrier rollover. Human development on backbarrier saltmarsh serves to reduce the carbon storage capacity and can hasten the transition of an island from a sink to a source.
Difference-in-difference effect estimates of the mental health impacts of the implementation of Universal Credit using Annual Population Survey data (2013-2018 rollout period)
Creators: name: Wickham, Sophie
name: Baxter, Andrew
name: Sutton, Matthew
name: Cheetham, Mandy
name: Taylor-Robinson, David
name: Munford, Luke
name: Craig, Peter
name: Huasheng Xiang
name: Barr, Benjamin
name: Marimpi, Maria
name: Katikireddi, Vittal
name: Coombes, Emma
name: Mattheo Richiardi
name: Brown, Heather
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2022

description: Documentation and code files for the DiD analysis on APS data
Asteroid Models from Multiple Data Sources
Creators: name: Durech, J.
name: Carry, B.
name: Delbo, M.
name: Kaasalainen, M.
name: Viikinkoski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, hundreds of asteroid shape models have been derived using the lightcurve inversion method. At the same time, a new framework of 3-D shape modeling based on the combined analysis of widely different data sources such as optical lightcurves, disk-resolved images, stellar occultation timings, mid-infrared thermal radiometry, optical interferometry, and radar delay-Doppler data, has been developed. This multi-data approach allows the determination of most of the physical and surface properties of asteroids in a single, coherent inversion, with spectacular results. We review the main results of asteroid lightcurve inversion and also recent advances in multi-data modeling. We show that models based on remote sensing data were confirmed by spacecraft encounters with asteroids, and we discuss how the multiplication of highly detailed 3-D models will help to refine our general knowledge of the asteroid population. The physical and surface properties of asteroids, i.e., their spin, 3-D shape, density, thermal inertia, surface roughness, are among the least known of all asteroid properties. Apart for the albedo and diameter, we have access to the whole picture for only a few hundreds of asteroids. These quantities are nevertheless very important to understand as they affect the non-gravitational Yarkovsky effect responsible for meteorite delivery to Earth, or the bulk composition and internal structure of asteroids.
description: chapter that will appear in a Space Science Series book Asteroids IV
The free field realisation of the BVW string
Creators: name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Naderi, Kiarash
name: Sriprachyakul, Vit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetric orbifold of $\mathbb{T}^4$ was recently shown to be exactly dual to string theory on ${\rm AdS}_3\times {\rm S}^3 \times \mathbb{T}^4$ with minimal ($k=1$) NS-NS flux. The worldsheet theory is best formulated in terms of the hybrid formalism of Berkovits, Vafa & Witten (BVW), in terms of which the ${\rm AdS}_3\times {\rm S}^3$ factor is described by a $\mathfrak{psu}(1,1|2)_k$ WZW model. At level $k=1$, $\mathfrak{psu}(1,1|2)_1$ has a free field realisation that is obtained from that of $\mathfrak{u}(1,1|2)_1$ upon setting a $\mathfrak{u}(1)$ field, often called $Z$, to zero. We show that the free field version of the ${\cal N}=2$ generators of BVW (whose cohomology defines the physical states) does not give rise to an ${\cal N}=2$ algebra, but is rather contaminated by terms proportional to the $Z$-field. We also show how to overcome this problem by introducing additional ghost fields that implement the quotienting by $Z$.
description: 28 pages
Some aspects of Dirac-harmonic maps with curvature term
Creators: name: Branding, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C27, 58E20, 35J61

description: We study several geometric and analytic aspects of Dirac-harmonic maps with curvature term from closed Riemannian surfaces.
Phegea 51-3. Scythris sinensis (Lepidoptera: Scythrididae), nieuw voor de Belgische fauna
Creators: name: Steeman, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310913
subject: Invertebrate biology

description: On September 21, 2022, the first specimen of Scythris sinensis (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) (Lepidoptera: Scythrididae) for Belgium was photographed in Ruisbroek in the Province of Antwerp. Hostplants are Chenopodium album L. (white goosefoot) and Atriplex patula L. (spear saltbush) (Amaranthaceae). This species is mentioned here for the first time for the Belgian fauna.
Understanding the relation between thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich decrement and halo mass using the SIMBA and TNG simulations
Creators: name: Yang, Tianyi
name: Cai, Yan-Chuan
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Peacock, John A.
name: Sorini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the integrated thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) $y$-decrement versus halo mass ($Y$--$M$) can potentially constrain galaxy formation models, if theoretical and observational systematics can be properly assessed. We investigate the $Y$--$M$ relation in the SIMBA and IllustrisTNG-100 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, quantifying the effects of feedback, line-of-sight projection, and beam convolution. We find that SIMBA's AGN jet feedback generates strong deviations from self-similar expectations for the $Y$--$M$ relation, especially at $M_{500}<10^{13}M_{\odot}$. In SIMBA, this is driven by suppressed in-halo $y$ contributions owing to lowered halo baryon fractions. IllustrisTNG results more closely resemble SIMBA without jets. Projections of line-of-sight structures weaken these model differences slightly, but they remain significant -- particularly at group and lower halo masses. In contrast, beam smearing at $\textit{Planck}$ resolution makes the models indistinguishable, and both models appear to agree well with $\textit{Planck}$ data down to the lowest masses probed. We show that the arcminute resolution expected from forthcoming facilities would retain the differences between model predictions, and thereby provide strong constraints on AGN feedback.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by MNRAS, comments welcome
Tracing the sources, fate, and recycling of fine sediments across a river-delta interface
Creators: name: Laceby, J.P.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
name: McKee, B.A.
name: Jalowska, A.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2017

description: Deltaic floodplains are thought to be long-term depositional environments, however there remains a limited understanding regarding timescales of depositional and erosional events, sediment delivery pathways and sediment storage. This study uses sediment concentration and sediment fingerprinting to examine the contribution of surface and subsurface sources to suspended sediment transiting the Lower Roanoke River, North Carolina, United States. The Lower Roanoke is disconnected from its high-gradient uplands in the Piedmont and Appalachian Mountains by a series of dams, which effectively restricts suspended sediment delivery from the headwaters. Accordingly, sediments from the Lower Roanoke River basin are the primary source of suspended sediment downstream of the dams. The fingerprinting method utilized fallout radionuclide tracers (210Pbxs and 137Cs) to examine the spatial variation of sediment-source contributions to suspended-sediment samples (n = 79). Three end-member sources were sampled: 1. surface sources (floodplains and topsoils; n = 60), 2. subsurface sources (channel bed and banks; n = 66), and 3. deltaic sources (delta front and prodelta; n = 11). The results demonstrate that with decreasing river slope and increasing influence of estuarine-driven flow dynamics, the relative contribution of surface sediments to the suspended-sediment load increases from 20% (± 2%) in the upper reach, to 67% (± 1%) in the Roanoke bayhead delta (BHD). At the river mouth, the surface-sediment contribution decreases, and the delta front and prodelta sediments contribute 74% (± 1%) to the suspended load. These results indicate, that during the delta transgression, erosion of the lower delta provides an additional source of sediment to the upper delta. At the same time, the lower deltaic plain, considered a sediment sink and long-term sediment-storage site, becomes erosional. The lower river and distributary network of the delta plain, which were thought to only disperse sediments in a seaward direction, may also have an important landward-directed sediment-dispersal component that provides nourishment and fortification to the upper BHD, at the cost of the eroding lower delta. Recognition of these contrasting sediment pathways in the Roanoke River highlights that these complex bidirectional processes may exist in other eroding deltas. Understanding these bidirectional processes will be necessary for the ongoing management of deltaic environments under increasing anthropogenic stress such as land use change and accelerating sea-level rise.
Factors influencing the initiation and adherence of LTBI treatment in healthcare workers: a systematic review
Creators: name: Yang, Hyunju
name: Park, Hyunyoung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite the importance of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment and management in healthcare workers (HCWs), only a few studies have provided a comprehensive review of factors associated with the success rate of each stage of the LTBI treatment, as well as strategies to improve treatment adherence. This study investigated factors and determinants of patient losses at each stage of the entire cascade of LTBI in HCWs. Studies were extracted from PubMed, EBSCOhost, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Our study found poor completion rates of LTBI treatment in HCWs. The main reason for not visiting the outpatient clinic or not accepting treatment was related to the demographic characteristics, whereas adverse drug effects were the main reason for treatment discontinuation. These findings suggest that tailored interventions must be developed to improve the success rate at each stage of the LTBI treatment in HCWs.
D2.2 - Open API Specifications Update
Creators: name: INDRA-Minsait
name: FUNDACION TECNALIA RESEARCH & INNOVATION
name: ENGINEERING INGEGNERIA INFORMATICA SPA
name: COMSENSUS
name: UNIVERSAL DEVICE GATEWAY ALLIANCE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: API
Interoperability
Semantic Networks
NGSI-LD
TMForum
Marketplace
OpenAPI

description: This is the updated version of the original document from M12. No reportable updates or modifications have been notified from participating partners, as the specifications are still being implemented in the pilots and no conclusions have been reached yet. A new section has been annexed in section 8.2, regarding existing open software, such as OGEMA, responsible for communication with proprietary energy generation/storage and monitoring solutions and vendor data formats. This document aims to address integration standards and support integration patterns to enable horizontal interoperability among various heterogeneous systems and business applications. Three sets of existing APIs will be described in this document: NGSI-LD API for the internal use between the components within the logical PLATOON architecture and external platforms Set of APIs for the relation of specific Marketplace components Specific set of APIs for the Data Analytic Toolbox components
Potential global jamming transition in aviation networks
Creators: name: Ezaki, Takahiro
name: Nishinari, Katsuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a nonlinear transport model for an aviation network. The takeoff rate from an airport is characterized by the degree of ground congestion. Due to the effect of "surface congestion," the performance of an airport deteriorates because of inefficient configurations of waiting aircraft on the ground. Using a simple transport model, we performed simulations on a U. S. airport network and found a global jamming transition induced by local surface congestion. From a physical perspective, the mechanism of the transition is studied analytically and the resulting aircraft distribution is discussed considering system dynamics. This study shows that the knowledge of the relationship between a takeoff rate and a congestion level on the ground is vital for efficient air traffic operations.
Using Bayesian Deep Learning to infer Planet Mass from Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Auddy, Sayantan
name: Dey, Ramit
name: Lin, Min-Kai
name: Carrera, Daniel
name: Simon, Jacob B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Planet induced sub-structures, like annular gaps, observed in dust emission from protoplanetary disks provide a unique probe to characterize unseen young planets. While deep learning based model has an edge in characterizing the planet's properties over traditional methods, like customized simulations and empirical relations, it lacks in its ability to quantify the uncertainty associated with its predictions. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian deep learning network "DPNNet-Bayesian" that can predict planet mass from disk gaps and provides uncertainties associated with the prediction. A unique feature of our approach is that it can distinguish between the uncertainty associated with the deep learning architecture and uncertainty inherent in the input data due to measurement noise. The model is trained on a data set generated from disk-planet simulations using the \textsc{fargo3d} hydrodynamics code with a newly implemented fixed grain size module and improved initial conditions. The Bayesian framework enables estimating a gauge/confidence interval over the validity of the prediction when applied to unknown observations. As a proof-of-concept, we apply DPNNet-Bayesian to dust gaps observed in HL Tau. The network predicts masses of $ 86.0 \pm 5.5 M_{\Earth} $, $ 43.8 \pm 3.3 M_{\Earth} $, and $ 92.2 \pm 5.1 M_{\Earth} $ respectively, which are comparable to other studies based on specialized simulations.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Life-Cycle Analysis of Alternative Automobile Fuel/Propulsion Technologies
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B
name: Maclean, Heather
name: Hendrickson, Chris
name: Lankey, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We examine the economic and environmental implications of the fuels and propulsion technologies that will be available over the next two decades for powering a large proportion of the light duty fleet (cars and light trucks). Since R&D change is rapid, we treat the uncertainty about future technologies using bounding calculations. A life-cycle perspective is used to analyze fossil fuels [conventional unleaded and reformulated gasolines, low sulfur reformulated diesel, and compressed natural gas (CNG)], ethanol from biomass, and electricity together with current and advanced internal combustion engines (ICE, indirect (port) and direct injection, spark, and compression ignited) and electric vehicles (battery-powered, hybrid electric, and fuel cell). Technological advances continue to improve the efficiency and environmental performance of ICE automobiles powered by low sulfur fossil fuels. Absent a doubling of petroleum prices or stringent regulation [due, for example, to intense concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions], ICE using fossil fuels will dominate the market for the next two decades. CNG cars have low emissions, including GHG, but must be redesigned to store enough CNG to achieve the current range. Battery-powered cars have limited range and are expensive, and the life-cycle of battery components leads to discharges of toxic materials. Although both hybrid and fuel cell vehicles promise better fuel economy and lower emissions, in the near term these do not justify their higher costs. If global warming becomes a major concern, CNG offers carbon dioxide emission reductions of up to 30%, and bioethanol could provide a fuel with no net carbon dioxide emissions, although the bioethanol price would be more than twice current petroleum prices.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of emulsifier, betaine and l-carnitine on growth performance, immune response, gut morphology and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress
Creators: name: Yousefi, J.
name: Taherpour, K.
name: Ghasemi, H. A.
name: Gharaei, M. Akbari
name: Mohammadi, Y.
name: Rostami, F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of emulsifier, betaine and l-carnitine on growth performance, immune response, gut morphology and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress
Proceedings from the 2nd World Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data ScienceOctober 19 - 20 , 2023 | Paris, France
Creators: name: Leocadio, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science

description: Smart government solutions have enabled most local and central governments to solve difficult problems, improving the lives of their citizens. As new technologies are made proofed by the market and become affordable for governments (notably Cloud computing; IoT, and Big Data in recent years), the fast integration of solutions based on those technologies made it possible for a new wave of governments either integrating, or migrating their processes, a renovation that swept IT operations old and new.
Sea level anomalies exacerbate beach erosion
Creators: name: Fegley, S.R.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
name: Theuerkauf, E.J.
name: Luettich, R.A.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2014

description: Sea level anomalies are intra-seasonal increases in water level forced by meteorological and oceanographic processes unrelated to storms. The effects of sea level anomalies on beach morphology are unknown but important to constrain because these events have been recognized over large stretches of continental margins. Here, we present beach erosion measurements along Onslow Beach, a barrier island on the U.S. East Coast, in response to a year with frequent sea level anomalies and no major storms. The anomalies enabled extensive erosion, which was similar and in most places greater than the erosion that occurred during a year with a hurricane. These results highlight the importance of sea level anomalies in facilitating coastal erosion and advocate for their inclusion in beach-erosion models and management plans. Sea level anomalies amplify the erosive effects of accelerated sea level rise and changes in storminess associated with global climate change.
Observations of Bell Inequality Violations with causal isolation between source and detectors
Creators: name: Fleury, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observations of Bell Inequality Violations (BIV) in entangled photons causally separated by a rotating mirror. A Foucault mirror gating geometry is used to causally isolate the entangled photon source and detectors. We report an observed BIV of CHSH-$S = 2.30 \pm 0.07 > 2.00$. This result rules out theories that explain correlations with traveling communication between source and detectors.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Quantum state tomography for qutrits subject to laser cooling
Creators: name: Czerwinski, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we propose a dynamic quantum state tomography model for qutrits subject to laser cooling. We prove that one can reduce the number of distinct measurement setups required for state reconstruction by employing the stroboscopic approach. The results are in line with current advances in quantum tomography where there is a strong tendency to investigate the optimal criteria for state reconstruction. We believe that the stroboscopic approach can be considered an efficient tool for density matrix identification since it allows to determine the minimal number of distinct observables needed for quantum state tomography.
Local Economic Growth from Primary Election Spending
Creators: name: Lessem, Rebecca
name: Urban, Carly
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Many studies estimate the degree to which government spending affects economic growth, developing strategies to overcome the endogeneity problem resulting from the allocation of money to areas with the greatest need. We use an exogenous form of spending -the money spent while campaigning for a party's Presidential primary nomination- to answer a similar question. This paper also highlights a potential economic incentive for states to hold early primaries, whereas past work only focuses on the disproportionate policy influence that states with early primaries gain. To answer these questions, we create a novel dataset combining the date each state held its primary from 1976-2008, the date in each election cycle in which only one candidate remained, and quarterly state income by sector. We find that hosting a primary election increases total income, particularly in the accommodations sector. We confirm these results using data on primary campaign expenditures across states in the 2004 and 2008 elections.
title: Cultural propaganda: the British Council's activities in neutral Europe 1939-1945
Creators: name: Corse, Edward
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis outlines, describes and analyses the activities of the British Council - the British Government's organisation for promoting 'British life and thought' abroad - in neutral Europe during the Second World War and is divided thematically into five chapters. The first chapter takes a conceptual view of the British Council's work and compares the aims and objectives of the British Council with a number of theories and definitions of propaganda, particularly the term 'cultural propaganda' that was often applied to its work by contemporary observers and staff of the Council. It also considers the roots and antecedents of the British Council, as well as the history of the British Council itself from its establishment in 1934, until the outbreak of war in 1939. The second chapter looks in detail about how the Council operated within the context of the British propaganda machinery, how it was viewed by other Government Departments and how it interacted with non-Governmental organisations and individuals within Britain. In particular, this chapter examines the interactions between the Council's offices abroad in Spain, Portugal, Sweden and Turkey with the British Embassies in those respective countries. Chapter three considers the propaganda work of the British Council itself, with a detailed examination of its activities abroad, how it operated and what techniques it used on the ground to promote British life and thought. Chapter four then looks at how the British Council was viewed by foreign Governments in the countries where it operated as well as the views of the non-official elites. The final chapter draws all of the main points from the previous chapters together in an attempt to construct a model of cultural propaganda which could be applied to different, but similar, organisations in a variety of time periods.
title: Zur Erinnerung an Richard Rudolf Hüni, Honorar-Konsul in Mailand
title: geboren am 5. März 1861, gestorben am 29. Juli 1938
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bavier, Ch. Ed. De
name: Pfister, J. J.
name: Descombes
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1938
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Hüni, Richard Rudolf
subject: Mailand

description: Inhalt: Rede des Herrn Generalkonsul Ch. Ed. de Bavier, Mailand, anlässlich der Abdankung in der Evang. Kirche Mailand, am 1. August 1938 ; Rede des Herrn Pfarrer J. J. Pfister, Mailand ; Ansprache des Herrn Descombes, Präsident des Schweizer-Vereins Mailand anlässlich der 1. Augustfeier 1938 der Schweizerkolonie in Mailand ; verschiedene Kondolenzschreiben
title: Come rileggere la sanità locale? Spagna e italia: esperienze a confronto. ¿Cómo impulsar la sanidad local? España e Italia: experiencia a debate
Creators: name: Aguilar Olivares, Yolanda
name: Almeida Cerreda, Marcos
name: Bombillar Sàenz, Francisco Miguel
name: Bottari, Carlo
name: Cierco Seira, César
name: Donati, Daniele
name: D'Onofrio, Paco
name: Font i Llovet, Tomas
name: Laus, Federico
name: Manzoli, Lucia
name: Martínez, Eduardo Marcos
name: Pelotti, Susi
name: Pérez Miras, Antonio
name: Pioggia, Alessandra
name: Posteraro, Nicola
name: Sandulli, Maria Alessandra
name: Solera Albero, Juan
name: Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
name: Tubertini, Claudia
name: Zambelli, Luca
Publisher: name: University of Bologna
Year: 2023

description: Il volume raccoglie le relazioni rivedute ed aggiornate svolte nell'ambito del convegno webinar "Come rileggere la Sanità locale? Spagna e Italia: esperienze a confronto" tenutosi l'11 marzo 2022, con il patrocinio della Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia dell'Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna e della Real Academia de Medicina de Castilla-La Manchain collaborazione con CeSDirSan - Centro Interdisciplinare di Studi sul Diritto Sanitario. El volumen recoge las ponencias presentadas en el congreso webinar "¿Cómo impulsar la Sanidad Local? España e Italia: experiencia a debate" realizado el 11 de Marzo de 2022, bajo el patrocinio de la Facultad de Medicina de la Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna y de la Real Academia de Medicina de Castilla - La Mancha, con la colaboración de CeSDirSan - Centro Interdisciplinare di Studi sul Diritto Sanitario.
The toy-model of the Boltzmann type equation for the contact force distribution in disordered packings of particles
Creators: name: Grinev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The packing of hard-core particles in contact with their neighbors is considered as the simplest model of disordered particulate media. We formulate the statically determinate problem which allows analytical investigation of the statistical distribution of contact force magnitude. The toy-model of the Boltzmann type equation for the probability of contact force distribution is formulated and studied. An experimentally observed exponential distribution is derived.
description: 5 pages
Identification of monoclonal antibody drug substances using non-destructive Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: Shukla, Mahendra Kumar
name: Wilkes, Philippa
name: Bargary, Norma
name: Meagher, Katherine
name: Khamar, Dikshitkumar
name: Bailey, Donal
name: Hudson, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: Monoclonal antibodies provide highly specific and effective therapies for the treatment of chronic diseases. These protein-based therapeutics, or drug substances, are transported in single used plastic packaging to fill finish sites. According to good manufacturing practice guidelines, each drug substance needs to be identified before manufacturing of the drug product. However, considering their complex structure, it is challenging to correctly identify therapeutic proteins in an efficient manner. Common analytical techniques for therapeutic protein identification are SDS-gel electrophoresis, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry-based assays. Although effective in correctly identifying the protein therapeutic, most of these techniques need extensive sample preparation and removal of samples from their containers. This step not only risks contamination but the sample taken for the identification is destroyed and cannot be re-used. Moreover, these techniques are often time consuming, sometimes taking several days to process. Here, we address these challenges by developing a rapid and non-destructive identification technique for monoclonal antibody-based drug substances. Raman spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics were used to identify three monoclonal antibody drug substances. This study explored the impact of laser exposure, time out of refrigerator and multiple freeze thaw cycles on the stability of monoclonal antibodies. and demonstrated the potential of using Raman spectroscopy for the identification of protein-based drug substances in the biopharmaceutical industry.
Radio-Selected Binary Active Galactic Nuclei from the Very Large Array Stripe 82 Survey
Creators: name: Fu, Hai
name: Myers, A. D.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Yan, Lin
name: Wrobel, J. M.
name: Stockton, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy mergers play an important role in the growth of galaxies and their supermassive black holes. Simulations suggest that tidal interactions could enhance black hole accretion, which can be tested by the fraction of binary active galactic nuclei (AGNs) among galaxy mergers. But determining the fraction requires a statistical sample of binaries. We have identified kpc-scale binary AGNs directly from high-resolution radio imaging. Inside the 92 square deg covered by the high-resolution Very Large Array survey of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 field, we identified 22 grade A and 30 grade B candidates of binary radio AGNs with angular separations less than 5" (10 kpc at z = 0.1). Eight of the candidates have optical spectra for both components from the SDSS spectroscopic surveys and our Keck program. Two grade B candidates are projected pairs, but the remaining six candidates are all compelling cases of binary AGNs based on either emission line ratios or the excess in radio power compared to the H-alpha-traced star formation rate. Only two of the six binaries were previously discovered by an optical spectroscopic search. Based on these results, we estimate that ~60% of our binary candidates would be confirmed once we obtain complete spectroscopic information. We conclude that wide-area high-resolution radio surveys offer an efficient method to identify large samples of binary AGNs. These radio-selected binary AGNs complement binaries identified at other wavelengths and are useful for understanding the triggering mechanisms of black hole accretion.
description: ApJ accepted
Where do coastlines stabilize following rapid retreat?
Creators: name: Simms, A.R.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2014

description: We present a numerical model that shows that the transgressing upper shoreline of wave-dominated estuaries (bayhead deltas), which commonly contain populous urban and industrial centers, stabilizes, and their rate of retreat decreases at tributary junctions. The decreased rate of retreat across a tributary junction is caused by a decrease in the total accommodation, while sediment supply remains conserved. Our model predicts that bayhead deltas from smaller systems will be located closer to tributary confluences than their larger counterparts. An examination of the modern bayhead deltas in Albemarle Sound, U.S. Atlantic Coast, reveals that bayhead deltas from smaller tributaries are located closer to tributary confluences than bayhead deltas associated with larger tributaries, supporting our model prediction. Our results highlight the importance of antecedent topography created during falling sea-levels on shaping the nature of transgression during the ensuing sea-level rise. In particular, tributary junctions act as pinning points during transgression. Key Points Bayhead deltas stabilize at tributary junctions during transgression Inherited topography impacts the nature of subsequent transgressions Smaller deltas retreat at slower rates within flooded valley networks.
Direct connectivity between upstream and downstream promotes rapid response of lower coastal-plain rivers to land-use change
Creators: name: McKee, B.A.
name: Mattheus, C.R.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Low-relief fluvial systems that originate in the lower coastal plain and discharge into estuaries are common along passive margins. These watersheds are thought to be disconnected from their termini by floodplains, which buffer the sediment-routing system by sequestration. Here, we present a detailed study of the Newport River, a typical lower coastal-plain system, which reveals high connectivity between watershed and delta. Connectivity is measured as the time lag between initiation of a silviculture operation, which increased landscape erosion, and when the sediment appeared at the bay-head delta. The time lag, measured from aerial photographs and sedimentation rates calculated from 210Pb- and 137Cs-activities in cores from the watershed and delta, is <3 years. Most lower coastal-plain rivers are steeper and have less floodplain accommodation available for storage than their larger counterparts that originate landward of the fall line, which promotes higher connectivity between upstream and downstream.
Long- and Short-Term Interest Rates in a Risky World
Creators: name: Mascaro, Angelo
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The paper develops and tests a general equilibrium model in which variability or risk, affects the choice of portfolios. Our measures of variability include only the variability of unanticipated growth in monetary and non-monetary aggregates, and our tests use data ending with the change in Federal Reserve procedures in October 1979. We find that increased variability of unanticipated money growth raises demands for debt and money, and reduces the demand for real capital. Interest rates on both short- and long-term debt rise by a risk premium We estimate the size of the risk premium before and after the October 1979 change, and we show that the change in Federal Reserve procedures moved the economy to a less efficient point.