cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Giant terahertz pulling force within an evanescent field propelled by wave coupling into radiation and bound modes
Creators: name: Ferrari, Hernán
name: Zapata-Rodríguez, Carlos J.
name: Cuevas, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulation of subwavelength objects by engineering the electromagnetic waves in the environment medium is pivotal for several particle handling techniques. In this letter, we theoretically demonstrate the possibility of engineering a compact and tunable plasmon-based terahertz tweezer using a graphene monolayer that is deposited on a high-index substrate. Under total-internal-reflection illumination, such device is shown to be capable of inducing an enhanced rotating polarizability thus enabling directional near-field coupling into the graphene plasmon mode and radiation modes in the substrate. As a result of the total momentum conservation, the net force exerted on the particle points in a direction opposite to the pushing force of the exciting evanescent field. Our results can contribute to novel realizations of photonic devices based on polarization dependent interactions between nanoparticles and electromagnetic mode fields.
description: 3 Figures
Spatial differences in wind-driven sediment resuspension in a shallow, coastal estuary
Creators: name: Neve, R.H.
name: Whipple, A.C.
name: Luettich, R.A., Jr.
name: Reynolds-Fleming, J.V.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 2018

description: Two locations approximately 11 km apart along the axis of the New River Estuary near Jacksonville, NC USA were continuously monitored for eight years. Included in the observations are vertical profiles of turbidity, temperature, salinity, chl-a, dissolved oxygen, pH and water velocity as well as local wind velocity. Differences between the two sites result from a number of factors, including bathymetry, wind strength, direction and fetch, estuarine morphology, tidal currents and sediment properties. The site near the head of the estuary, Morgan Bay, is deeper, experiences generally weaker winds and has less fetch in most directions. Stones Bay, the down-estuary site, is shallower, experiences stronger winds and has longer fetch, particularly in the prevailing wind directions. Current speeds also differ along the estuary with the down-estuary Stones Bay site being more tidal. The observations were used together with a simple wave model to analyze the estuarine turbidity response to different forcing mechanisms. Results suggest that sediments are resuspended primarily by wind-wave generated bottom stress at both locations. While turbidity is generally higher in Stones Bay than in Morgan Bay, turbidity as a function of the local wave-induced bottom stress (including forcing from all directions) is similar at both locations at low stress but diverges at higher stresses. At higher bottom stresses, turbidity in Stones Bay responds primarily to winds from the NE, S and NW while turbidity in Morgan Bay responds primarily to winds from the NW and S. Accounting for sediment resuspension within an approximate spatial advection scale around each of the observation sites, yields a similar turbidity vs bottom stress response curve for the three primary directions in Stones Bay and the S direction in Morgan Bay but a greater turbidity response for winds from the NW in Morgan Bay. In the latter case, waves are crossing the section of the New River Estuary just downstream of the confluence with the New River and are presumably encountering sediments that are more easily resuspended. Average sediment export is down-river with more sediment leaving Stones Bay than Morgan Bay.
Transient Response of the Gulf Stream to Multiple Hurricanes in 2017
Creators: name: Todd, R.E.
name: Luettich, R.A.
name: Heiderich, J.
name: Asher, T.G.
name: Bane, J.M.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Autonomous underwater glider observations collected during and after 2017 Hurricanes Irma, Jose, and Maria show two types of transient response within the Gulf Stream. First, anomalously fresh water observed near the surface and within the core of the Gulf Stream offshore of the Carolinas likely resulted from Irma's rainfall being entrained into the Loop Current-Gulf Stream system. Second, Gulf Stream volume transport was reduced by as much as 40% for about 2 weeks following Jose and Maria. The transport reduction had both barotropic and depth-dependent characteristics. Correlations between transport through the Florida Straits and reanalysis winds suggest that both local winds in the Florida Straits and winds over the Gulf Stream farther downstream may have contributed to the transport reduction. To clarify the underlying dynamics, additional analyses using numerical models that capture the Gulf Stream's transient response to multiple tropical cyclones passing nearby in a short period are needed.
Nonperturbative Determination of Collins-Soper Kernel from Quasi Transverse-Momentum Dependent Wave Functions
Creators: name: Chu, Min-Huan
name: Deng, Zhi-Fu
name: Hua, Jun
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Su, Yushan
name: Sun, Peng
name: Wang, Wei
name: Yang, Yi-Bo
name: Zeng, Jun
name: Zhang, Jialu
name: Zhang, Jian-Hui
name: Zhang, Qi-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of large-momentum effective theory at one-loop matching accuracy, we perform a lattice calculation of the Collins-Soper kernel which governs the rapidity evolution of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) distributions. We first obtain the quasi TMD wave functions at three different meson momenta on a lattice with valence clover quarks on a dynamical HISQ sea and lattice spacing $a=0.12$~fm from MILC, and renormalize the pertinent linear divergences using Wilson loops. Through one-loop matching to the light-cone wave functions, we determine the Collins-Soper kernel with transverse separation up to 0.6~fm. We study the systematic uncertainties from operator mixing and scale dependence, as well as the impact from higher power corrections. Our results potentially allow for a determination of the soft function and other transverse-momentum dependent quantities at one-loop accuracy.
Relative Prices and Tax Policies: Some Preliminary Implications and Results
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: One of De Viti de Marco's lasting contributions to economic theory is his demonstration that the effects of alternative taxes on relative prices can be analyzed as a reallocation of demand. His analysis of tax shifting starts by changing the resources available to the consumer — changing the budget constraint — while holding the supply schedules of taxed and untaxed commodities unchanged. Shifts in demand force a reallocation of resources, changing producers1 marginal cost, prices and the composition of output.
Bayesian Estimation of Smooth Altimetric Parameters: Application to Conventional and Delay/Doppler Altimetry
Creators: name: Halimi, Abderrahim
name: Mailhes, Corinne
name: Tourneret, Jean-Yves
name: Snoussi, Hichem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes a new Bayesian strategy for the smooth estimation of altimetric parameters. The altimetric signal is assumed to be corrupted by a thermal and speckle noise distributed according to an independent and non identically Gaussian distribution. We introduce a prior enforcing a smooth temporal evolution of the altimetric parameters which improves their physical interpretation. The posterior distribution of the resulting model is optimized using a gradient descent algorithm which allows us to compute the maximum a posteriori estimator of the unknown model parameters. This algorithm presents a low computational cost which is suitable for real time applications. The proposed Bayesian strategy and the corresponding estimation algorithm are validated on both synthetic and real data associated with conventional and delay/Doppler altimetry. The analysis of real Jason-2 and Cryosat-2 waveforms shows an improvement in parameter estimation when compared to the state-of-the-art estimation algorithms.
description: 30 pages and 6 figures
Schurian K. 2022. Geheimnisvolle Schmetterlingswelt. Vielfalterleben. Wie können wir sie retten.21 × 30 cm, 128 p., Europa Verlagsgruppe, Europa Edizioni srl, Via Sommacampagna 9, 00185 Roma, Italia, paperback, 22,50 EUR + portkosten, (ISBN 979-1-220-12399-0).
Creators: name: De Prins, Willy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310913
subject: Invertebrate biology

description: Dit is niet het zoveelste boek over dagvlinders zoals we het gewoon zijn. Geen platen met geprepareerde vlinders uit een collectie, geen foto's van alle dagvlindersoorten uit een bepaald gebied of land, maar eerder een mooi gedocumenteerd overzicht van de verschillende onderwerpen die rechtstreeks, maar ook onrechtstreeks, met vlinders te maken hebben.
CaMEL and ADCIRC storm surge models-A comparative study
Creators: name: Akbar, M.K.
name: Aliabadi, S.K.
name: Fleming, J.G.
name: Luettich, R.A., Jr.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2017

description: The Computation and Modeling Engineering Laboratory (CaMEL), an implicit solver-based storm surge model, has been extended for use on high performance computing platforms. An MPI (Message Passing Interface) based parallel version of CaMEL has been developed from the previously existing serial version. CaMEL uses hybrid finite element and finite volume techniques to solve shallow water conservation equations in either a Cartesian or a spherical coordinate system and includes hurricane-induced wind stress and pressure, bottom friction, the Coriolis effect, and tidal forcing. Both semi-implicit and fully-implicit time stepping formulations are available. Once the parallel implementation is properly validated, CaMEL is evaluated against ADCIRC, an established storm surge model, using a hindcast of storm surge due to Hurricane Katrina. Observed high water marks are used to verify that both models have comparable accuracy. The effects of time step on the stability and accuracy of the models are investigated and indicate that the semi- and fully-implicit solvers in CaMEL allow the use of larger timesteps than ADCIRC's explicit and semi-implicit solvers. However, ADCIRC outperforms CaMEL in parallel scalability and execution wall clock times. Wall times of CaMEL improve significantly when the largest stable time step sizes are used in respective models, although ADCIRC still is faster.
Dynamics of particle-laden turbulent Couette flow. Part1: Turbulence modulation by inertial particles
Creators: name: Ghosh, Swagnik
name: Goswami, Partha Sarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In particle-laden turbulent flows the turbulence in carrier fluid phase gets affected by the dispersed particle phase for volume fraction above $10^{-4}$ and hence reverse coupling or two-way coupling becomes relevant in that volume fraction regime. In a recent study by Muramulla $et.al.^1$, a discontinuous decrease of turbulence intensity is observed in a vertical particle-laden turbulent channel-flow for a critical volume fraction O($10^{-3}$). The collapse of turbulent intensity is found out to be a result of catastrophic reduction of turbulent energy production rate. Mechanistically, particle-fluid coupling in particle-laden turbulent Couette-flow differs from that in a closed channel flow. In this article, the turbulence modulation in Couette-flow by inertial particles is explored through two-way coupled DNS where particle volume fraction ($ϕ$) is varied from $1.75\times10^{-4}$ to $1.05\times10^{-3}$ and Reynolds Number based on half-channel width ($δ$) and wall velocity ($U$) ($Re_δ$) is $750$. The particles are heavy point particles with $St\sim367$ based on fluid integral time-scale represented by $δ/U$. A discontinuous decrease of fluid turbulence intensity, mean square velocity and Reynolds stress is observed beyond a critical volume fraction $ϕ_{cr}\sim7.875\times10^{-4}$. The drastic reduction of shear production of turbulence and in turn the reduction of viscous dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy are two important phenomena for the occurrence of discontinuous transition similar to channelflow. The step-wise particle injection and step-wise removal study confirms that it is the presence of particles which is majorly behind this discontinuous transition.
description: Keywords: Reverse force, Two-way coupling, Turbulence modulation, Turbulence attenuation, DNS, Shear production, Discontinuous disruption
Phegea 51-3. Book review. Schurian K. 2022. Geheimnisvolle Schmetterlingswelt. Vielfalterleben. Wie können wir sie retten.
Creators: name: De Prins, Willy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310913
subject: Invertebrate biology

description: Schurian K. 2022. Geheimnisvolle Schmetterlingswelt. Vielfalterleben. Wie können wir sie retten.21 × 30 cm, 128 p., Europa Verlagsgruppe, Europa Edizioni srl, Via Sommacampagna 9, 00185 Roma, Italia, paperback, 22,50 EUR + portkosten, (ISBN 979-1-220-12399-0).Dit is niet het zoveelste boek over dagvlinders zoals we het gewoon zijn. Geen platen met geprepareerde vlinders uit een collectie, geen foto's van alle dagvlindersoorten uit een bepaald gebied of land, maar eerder een mooi gedocumenteerd overzicht van de verschillende onderwerpen die rechtstreeks, maar ook onrechtstreeks, met vlinders te maken hebben.
Additional file 1 of Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus
Creators: name: Yu, Rui-Min
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Zhang, Bo-Wen
name: Liang, Yu
name: Pang, Xiao-Xu
name: Cao, Lei
name: Chen, Yi-Dan
name: Zhang, Wei-Ping
name: Yang, Yang
name: Zhang, Da-Yong
name: Pang, Er-Li
name: Bai, Wei-Ning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:  Fig. S1. Hi-C heatmaps. Fig. S2 and S3. Plots of mapping depth of Hifi reads. Fig. S4. Plots of LAI score. Fig. S5. Structural variations among the four chromosomes of autotetraploid genome. Fig. S6. Whole-genome duplication results of C. paliurus. Fig. S7– S10. DXY and Ks results of C. paliurus. Fig. S11 and S13. GO enrichment results. Fig. S12. Expression levels of genes with four alleles. Fig. S14, S15 and S22. Several genes are under positive selection. Fig. S16. The ploidy estimation results of two C. paliurus samples. Fig. S17. The results of the mixed-ploidy STRUCTURE analysis. Fig. S18 and S19. Plots depicting STRUCTURE and ENTROPY results for autotetraploid C. paliurus. Fig. S20. The SFS of simulated data and autotetraploid C. paliurus. Fig. S21. DCMS values of C. paliurus. Fig. S23. LD decay patterns of C. paliurus. Fig. S24. Statistical tests of five replicate datasets.
Will This Paper Increase Your h-index? Scientific Impact Prediction
Creators: name: Dong, Yuxiao
name: Johnson, Reid A.
name: Chawla, Nitesh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: H.2.8; H.3.7

description: Scientific impact plays a central role in the evaluation of the output of scholars, departments, and institutions. A widely used measure of scientific impact is citations, with a growing body of literature focused on predicting the number of citations obtained by any given publication. The effectiveness of such predictions, however, is fundamentally limited by the power-law distribution of citations, whereby publications with few citations are extremely common and publications with many citations are relatively rare. Given this limitation, in this work we instead address a related question asked by many academic researchers in the course of writing a paper, namely: "Will this paper increase my h-index?" Using a real academic dataset with over 1.7 million authors, 2 million papers, and 8 million citation relationships from the premier online academic service ArnetMiner, we formalize a novel scientific impact prediction problem to examine several factors that can drive a paper to increase the primary author's h-index. We find that the researcher's authority on the publication topic and the venue in which the paper is published are crucial factors to the increase of the primary author's h-index, while the topic popularity and the co-authors' h-indices are of surprisingly little relevance. By leveraging relevant factors, we find a greater than 87.5% potential predictability for whether a paper will contribute to an author's h-index within five years. As a further experiment, we generate a self-prediction for this paper, estimating that there is a 76% probability that it will contribute to the h-index of the co-author with the highest current h-index in five years. We conclude that our findings on the quantification of scientific impact can help researchers to expand their influence and more effectively leverage their position of "standing on the shoulders of giants."
description: Proc. of the 8th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM'15)
Energetic stability and spatial inhomogeneity in the local electronic structure of relaxed twisted trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Lin, Xianqing
name: Li, Cheng
name: Su, Kelu
name: Ni, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energetic stability and the local electronic structure of the general twisted trilayer graphene (TTG) with the top and bottom layers rotated with respect to the middle layer respectively by $θ$ and $θ'$. Approximate supercells of the moiré-of-moiré superlattices with $θ$ and $θ^{\prime}$ within $1^{\circ}\sim 2^{\circ}$ are established to describe the structural and electronic properties of relaxed TTG with the periodic boundary condition. Full relaxation demonstrates that the commensurate TTG with $θ=θ^{\prime}$ has the local minimum total energy ($E_{tol}$) at a fixed $θ$, while $E_{tol}$ first reaches a local maximum and begins to drop with decreasing $θ^{\prime}$ for $θ^{\prime} < θ$. Some regions exhibit enhanced in-plane relaxation in the top and bottom layers but suppressed relaxation in the middle layer and form a hexagonal network with the moiré-of-moiré length scale. The stacking configurations with the atoms in the three layers vertically aligned at the origin of the relaxed TTG supercells at $θ$ around $1.6^{\circ}$ and $θ^{\prime}$ around $1.4^{\circ}$ have a high density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level ($E_F$), which can reach that of the mirror symmetric TTG with equal twist angles of about $1.7^{\circ}$. In contrast, some other stackings can have rather low DOS around $E_F$. The significant stacking dependence of DOS for some TTG supercells demonstrates that the local electronic structure of TTG can exhibit strong spatial inhomogeneity when the twist angles are slightly away from those of the small supercells with large variations of DOS among different stackings. Moreover, the structural relaxation of TTG plays a crucial role in the high DOS and its strong stacking dependence.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
A holographic principle for the existence of parallel spinor fields and an inequality of Shi-Tam type
Creators: name: Hijazi, Oussama
name: Montiel, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Differential Geometry, Global Analysis, 53C27, 53C40, 53C80, 58G25

description: Suppose that $Σ=\partial M$ is the $n$-dimensional boundary of a connected compact Riemannian spin manifold $( M,\langle\;,\;\rangle)$ with non-negative scalar curvature, and that the (inward) mean curvature $H$ of $Σ$ is positive. We show that the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator of the boundary corresponding to the conformal metric $\langle\;,\;\rangle_H=H^2\langle\;,\;\rangle$ is at least $n/2$ and equality holds if and only if there exists a parallel spinor field on $ M$. As a consequence, if $Σ$ admits an isometric and isospin immersion $ϕ$ with mean curvature $H_0$ as a hypersurface into another spin Riemannian manifold $ M_0$ admitting a parallel spinor field, then \begin{equation} \label{HoloIneq} \int_ΣH\,dΣ\le \int_Σ\frac{H^2_0}{H}\, dΣ\end{equation} and equality holds if and only if both immersions have the same shape operator. In this case, $Σ$ has to be also connected. In the special case where $M_0=\R^{n+1}$, equality in (\ref{HoloIneq}) implies that $M$ is an Euclidean domain and $ϕ$ is congruent to the embedding of $Σ$ in $M$ as its boundary. We also prove that Inequality (\ref{HoloIneq}) implies the Positive Mass Theorem (PMT). Note that, using the PMT and the additional assumption that $ϕ$ is a strictly convex embedding into the Euclidean space, Shi and Tam \cite{ST1} proved the integral inequality \begin{equation}\label{shi-tam-Ineq} \int_ΣH\,dΣ\le \int_ΣH_0\, dΣ, \end{equation} which is stronger than (\ref{HoloIneq}) .
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.04087
The Andromeda Gamma-Ray Excess: Background Systematics of the Millisecond Pulsars and Dark Matter Interpretations
Creators: name: Zimmer, Fabian
name: Macias, Oscar
name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of an excess in gamma rays in the direction of M31, its cause has been unclear. Published interpretations focus on a dark matter or stellar related origin. Studies of a similar excess in the Milky Way center motivate a correlation of the spatial morphology of the signal with the distribution of stellar mass in M31. However, a robust determination of the best theory for the observed excess emission is very challenging due to large uncertainties in the astrophysical gamma-ray foreground model. Here we perform a spectro-morphological analysis of the M31 gamma-ray excess using state-of-the-art templates for the distribution of stellar mass in M31 and novel astrophysical foreground models for its sky region. We construct maps for the old stellar populations of M31 based on observational data from the PAndAS survey and carefully remove the foreground stars. We also produce improved astrophysical foreground models by using novel image inpainting techniques based on machine learning methods. We find that our stellar maps, taken as a proxy for the location of a putative population of millisecond pulsars in the bulge of M31, reach a statistical significance of $5.4σ$, making them as strongly favoured as the simple phenomenological models usually considered in the literature, e.g., a disk-like template with uniform brightness. Our detection of the stellar templates is robust to generous variations of the astrophysical foreground model. Once the stellar templates are included in the astrophysical model, we show that the dark matter annihilation interpretation of the signal is unwarranted. Using the results of a binary population synthesis model we demonstrate that a population of about one million unresolved MSPs could naturally explain the observed gamma-ray luminosity per stellar mass, energy spectrum, and stellar bulge-to-disk flux ratio.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, comments are welcome
title: Enhancing Pedestrian-Autonomous Vehicle Safety in Low Visibility Scenarios: A Comprehensive Simulation Method
Creators: name: Yan, Zizheng
name: Liu, Yang
name: Yang, Hong
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Self-driving cars raise safety concerns, particularly regarding pedestrian interactions. Current research lacks a systematic understanding of these interactions in diverse scenarios. Autonomous Vehicle (AV) performance can vary due to perception accuracy, algorithm reliability, and environmental dynamics. This study examines AV-pedestrian safety issues, focusing on low visibility conditions, using a co-simulation framework combining virtual reality and an autonomous driving simulator. 40 experiments were conducted, extracting surrogate safety measures (SSMs) from AV and pedestrian trajectories. The results indicate that low visibility can impair AV performance, increasing conflict risks for pedestrians. AV algorithms may require further enhancements and validations for consistent safety performance in low visibility scenarios.
Additional file 2 of Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus
Creators: name: Yu, Rui-Min
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Zhang, Bo-Wen
name: Liang, Yu
name: Pang, Xiao-Xu
name: Cao, Lei
name: Chen, Yi-Dan
name: Zhang, Wei-Ping
name: Yang, Yang
name: Zhang, Da-Yong
name: Pang, Er-Li
name: Bai, Wei-Ning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. BUSCO and CEGMA assessments. Table S2. The coverage rates of Illumina reads and Hifi reads mapping to autotetraploid genome. Table S3 and S6. Summaries of repetitive elements for C. paliurus. Table S4. The length and gene count of autotetraploid genome. Table S5 and S7. Number of SNPs and SVs in autotetraploid genome. Table S8. Allele annotations of autotetraploid C. paliurus. Table S9 and S10. Summary numbers of genes with/without allele loss in SVs, TEs and PPIs. Table S12. COR genes with four or more alleles of autotetraploid C. paliurus. Table S13. Sampling and mapping details of 118 C. paliurus individuals. Table S14. Ploidy estimation for 118 individuals. Table S15. Inheritance of autotetraploid C. paliurus. Table S16 and S18. Information on several genes under positive selection. Table S17. The 62 meiosis-related genes in C. paliurus. Table S19. Number of remaining SNPs after filtering. Table S20. Mapping information for allele expression analysis. Table S21. Several samples were used for RNA-seq analysis.
Lower bound for entropy production rate in stochastic systems far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Salazar, Domingos S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Schnakenberg's entropy production rate in a master equation is lower bounded by a function of the weight of the Markov graph, here defined as the sum of the absolute values of probability currents over the edges. The result is valid for time-dependent nonequilibrium entropy production rates. Moreover, in a general framework, we prove a theorem showing that the Kullback-Leibler divergence between distributions $P(s)$ and $P'(s):=P(m(s))$, where $m$ is an involution, $m(m(s))=s$, is lower bounded by a function of the total variation of $P$ and $P'$, for any $m$. The bound is tight and it improves on Pinsker's inequality for this setup. This result illustrates a connection between nonequilibrium thermodynamics and graph theory with interesting applications.
Quantum Information Processing with Finite Resources -- Mathematical Foundations
Creators: name: Tomamichel, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the predominant challenges when engineering future quantum information processors is that large quantum systems are notoriously hard to maintain and control accurately. It is therefore of immediate practical relevance to investigate quantum information processing with limited physical resources, for example to ask: How well can we perform information processing tasks if we only have access to a small quantum device? Can we beat fundamental limits imposed on information processing with classical resources? This book will introduce the reader to the mathematical framework required to answer such questions. A strong emphasis is given to information measures that are essential for the study of devices of finite size, including Rényi entropies and smooth entropies. The presentation is self-contained and includes rigorous and concise proofs of the most important properties of these measures. The first chapters will introduce the formalism of quantum mechanics, with particular emphasis on norms and metrics for quantum states. This is necessary to explore quantum generalizations of Rényi divergence and conditional entropy, information measures that lie at the core of information theory. The smooth entropy framework is discussed next and provides a natural means to lift many arguments from information theory to the quantum setting. Finally selected applications of the theory to statistics and cryptography are discussed.
description: 135 pages, partly based on arXiv:1203.2142; v3: published version; v4: typos removed, previous Lemma 3.3 removed; v5: typos removed, new proof for stronger triangle inequality of purified distance
Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF) Measurement of Myelofibrosis in Mouse Tibia
Creators: name: Chenevert, Thomas
name: Malyarenko, Dariya
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023

description: This document details procedures for PDFF measurement in MF mouse tibia to achieve stated performance claims.In this profile PDFF values are expressed in “% units” on a 0 to 100% scale, such that bone marrow containing dominant red marrow and dominant yellow marrow have PDFF values of 0-few% and 80-100%, respectively. Tibia bone marrow composition in MF mouse models has gradation going from proximal to distil ends of the tibia, therefore separate claims are made for volume of interest (VOI) analysis of PDFF maps for each of three distinct sections along the length of the tibia (see Figure 1): Section 1 (proximal)º VOI (~4-5mm3) within 9mm of proximal end of tibia Section 2 (transition)º VOI (~0.4-0.5mm3) from 10 to 12mm of proximal end of tibia Section 3 (distil)º VOI (~0.1-0.2mm3) from 13 to 14mm of proximal end of tibia Claim 1:A measured change in the mean PDFF in Section 1 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±1.6% indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence. Claim 2:A measured change in the mean PDFF in Section 2 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±15.5% indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence Claim 3:A measured change in the mean PDFF in Section 3 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±25.5% indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence.
Active emulsions in living cell membranes driven by contractile stresses and transbilayer coupling
Creators: name: Saha, Suvrajit
name: Das, Amit
name: Patra, Chandrima
name: Anilkumar, Anupama Ambika
name: Sil, Parijat
name: Mayor, Satyajit
name: Rao, Madan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatiotemporal organisation of proteins and lipids on the cell surface has direct functional consequences for signaling, sorting and endocytosis. Earlier studies have shown that multiple types of membrane proteins including transmembrane proteins that have cytoplasmic actin binding capacity and lipid-tethered GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) form nanoscale clusters driven by active contractile flows generated by the actin cortex. To gain insight into the role of lipids in organizing membrane domains in living cells, we study the molecular interactions that promote the actively generated nanoclusters of GPI-APs and transmembrane proteins. This motivates a theoretical description, wherein a combination of active contractile stresses and transbilayer coupling drive the creation of active emulsions, mesoscale liquid ordered (lo) domains of the GPI-APs and lipids, at temperatures greater than equilibrium lipid-phase segregation. To test these ideas we use spatial imaging of homo-FRET combined with local membrane order and demonstrate that mesoscopic domains enriched in nanoclusters of GPI-APs are maintained by cortical actin activity and transbilayer interactions, and exhibit significant lipid order, consistent with predictions of the active composite model.
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurement of Myelofibrosis in Mouse Tibia
Creators: name: Chenevert, Thomas
name: Malyarenko, Dariya
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023

description: The goal of this Co-Clinical Imaging Research Program (CIRP) pre-clinical imaging protocol (PIP) is to provide detailed description of key steps used to achieve a stated level of technical repeatability (precision) embodied in “Claims”, for MRI measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in tibia bone marrow of myelofibrosis mouse models. This pre-clinical imaging procedure document will be referred to as a “profile” and adheres to a PIP MRI template provided in: https://www.protocols.io/workspaces/pre-clinical-imaging-protocols. This profile details procedures for ADC measurement from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) acquisition and image processing in MF mouse tibia to achieve stated performance claims. Tibia bone marrow composition in MF mouse models has gradation going from proximal to distil ends of the tibia, therefore separate claims are made for volume of interest (VOI) analysis of ADC maps for each of three distinct sections along the length of the tibia (see Figure 1): Section 1 (proximal)º VOI (~4-5mm3) within 9mm of proximal end of tibia Section 2 (transition)º VOI (~0.4-0.5mm3) from 10 to 12mm of proximal end of tibia Section 3 (distil)º VOI (~0.1-0.2mm3) from 13 to 14mm of proximal end of tibia Claim 1:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 1 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.037µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence. Claim 2:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 2 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.087µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence Claim 3:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 3 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.030µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence
Revival of the Gomory Cuts in the 1990’s
Creators: name: Cornuejols, Gerard
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the early 90’s, the research community was unanimous: In order to solve integer programs
of meaningful sizes, one had to exploit the structure of the underlying combinatorial problem;
Gomory cuts (Gomory, 1960, 1963) made elegant theory (because they did not require
knowledge of the underlying structure) but were utterly useless in practice (because they did
not use the underlying structure!).
The Effects of AGN Feedback on Present-Day Galaxy Properties in Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Taylor, Philip
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) plays an essential role in reproducing the down-sizing phenomena, namely: the colour-magnitude relation; specific star formation rates; and the $α$ enhancement of early type galaxies. In our AGN model, black holes originate from Population III stars, in contrast to the merging scenario of previous works. In this paper, we show how the properties of present-day galaxies in cosmological chemo-hydrodynamical simulations change when we include our model for AGN feedback. Massive galaxies become redder, older, less massive, less compact, and show greater $α$ enhancement than their counterparts without AGN. Since we reproduce the black hole mass and galaxy mass relation, smaller galaxies do not host a supermassive black hole and their star formation history is affected very little, but they can get external enrichment from nearby AGN depending on their environment. Nonetheless, the metallicity change is negligible, and the mass--metallicity relations, which are mainly generated by supernova feedback at the first star burst, are preserved.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Comments welcome
Topological defect lasers
Creators: name: Knitter, Sebastian
name: Liew, Seng Fatt
name: Xiong, Wen
name: Guy, Mikhael I.
name: Solomon, Glenn S.
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate topological defect lasers in a GaAs membrane with embedded InAs quantum dots. By introducing a disclination to a square-lattice of elliptical air holes, we obtain spatially confined optical resonances with high quality factor. Such resonances support powerflow vortices, and lase upon optical excitation of quantum dots, embedded in the structure. The spatially inhomogeneous variation of the unit cell orientation adds another dimension to the control of a lasing mode, enabling the manipulation of its field pattern and energy flow landscape.
Additional file 3 of Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus
Creators: name: Yu, Rui-Min
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Zhang, Bo-Wen
name: Liang, Yu
name: Pang, Xiao-Xu
name: Cao, Lei
name: Chen, Yi-Dan
name: Zhang, Wei-Ping
name: Yang, Yang
name: Zhang, Da-Yong
name: Pang, Er-Li
name: Bai, Wei-Ning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Instances copy gain and copy loss in autotetraploid C. paliurus.
Introduction to special section on the U.S. IOOS coastal and ocean modeling testbed
Creators: name: Harding, J.
name: Howlett, E.
name: Friedrichs, M.
name: Fennel, K.
name: Friedrichs, C.
name: Baltes, R.
name: Graves, S.
name: Crane, G.
name: Wright, L.D.
name: Smith, E.
name: Luettich, R.A.
name: Signell, R.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Strong and strategic collaborations among experts from academia, federal operational centers, and industry have been forged to create a U.S. IOOS Coastal and Ocean Modeling Testbed (COMT). The COMT mission is to accelerate the transition of scientific and technical advances from the coastal and ocean modeling research community to improved operational ocean products and services. This is achieved via the evaluation of existing technology or the development of new technology depending on the status of technology within the research community. The initial phase of the COMT has addressed three coastal and ocean prediction challenges of great societal importance: estuarine hypoxia, shelf hypoxia, and coastal inundation. A fourth effort concentrated on providing and refining the cyberinfrastructure and cyber tools to support the modeling work and to advance interoperability and community access to the COMT archive. This paper presents an overview of the initiation of the COMT, the findings of each team and a discussion of the role of the COMT in research to operations and its interface with the coastal and ocean modeling community in general. Detailed technical results are presented in the accompanying series of 16 technical papers in this special issue.
Effective treatment of U(1) gauge field and charged particles in axion inflation
Creators: name: Fujita, Tomohiro
name: Kume, Jun'ya
name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Tada, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axionic inflaton with the Chern-Simons coupling may generate U(1) gauge fields and charged particles simultaneously. In order to incorporate the backreaction from the charged particles on the gauge fields, we develop a procedure to obtain an equilibrium solution for the gauge fields by treating the induced current as effective electric and magnetic conductivities. Introducing mean field approximation, and numerically solving self-consistency equations, we find that the gauge field amplitudes are drastically suppressed. Interestingly, as the production becomes more efficient, the charged particles gain a larger part of the transferred energy from the inflaton and eventually dominate it. Our formalism offers a basis to connect this class of inflationary models to a rich phenomenology such as baryogenesis and magnetogenesis.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures; v2: comparison to the previous works is added
Exploring Department Store Offerings: A ZMET Study
Creators: name: Shang, Bowen
Publisher: name: College of Business, Law and Social Sciences, University of Derby
Year: 2023
Subjects: ZMET, Department Stores, Customer-Based Brand Equity, Retail Life Cycle

description: Department stores in the UK have faced challenging retail conditions, which were affected by the everchanging external retail competition such as out-of-town and online retailers. As the boundaries between different retail institutions have blurred increasingly with an inclining similarity of their commodity offerings, the multi-department one-stop shopping experience is no longer unique to department stores. But the department stores are nevertheless still regarded as the anchor of the high street due to their strong brand associations linked to their heritage, physical presence, and emphasis on service quality. However, it is not clear if these associations are still relevant, particularly as customers are increasingly adopting a hybrid online/offline approach to shopping. This study, therefore, adopts a customer-based brand equity (CBBE) lens to explore the key constructs that are valued by customers in the current turbulent retail environment. This study was a mono-method qualitative study using Zaltman Metaphor Elimination Technique (ZMET). Data were collected from 24 UK high street department store shoppers in Derby using a cross-sectional time horizon. The use the of ZMET method elicited deep thoughts and feelings in the UK high street department stores by customers based on the participant’s choice of image. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data extracted from both the verbal interview, the participant’s choice of images and the montage created by the participants. A new onion model of customer-based brand equity (CBBE) in the current department store context was identified in this study, named customer-based department store brand equity (CBDSBE). This model showed that four out of Zaltman’s seven deep metaphors are more relevant to the current context, which are balance, resource, journey and connection. By identifying these deep metaphors, brand managers would gain in-depth understanding of their customers, and thus, establish enhanced marketing strategies accordingly. This study also identified that brand accessibility was a new construct that emerged from this study that contributed to the customer-based department store brand equity. It was identified that the department store provided access to the participants where they could access the individual brands, the physical products, and the experiences available at a department store. The outcomes of this study argued that the department store is not reaching the end of its lifecycle. It is suggested that a new definition of the department store is needed, which would ultimately distinguish the department store from its competitors who offered similar commodities and re-establish competitive advantage in the current turbulent retail environment by enhancing its customer-based department store brand equity.
Proverum: A Hybrid Public Verifiability and Decentralized Identity Management
Creators: name: Killer, Christian
name: Thorbecke, Lucas
name: Rodrigues, Bruno
name: Scheid, Eder
name: Franco, Muriel
name: Stiller, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Hybrid Public Verifiability
Decentralized Identity Management
Remote Postal Voting

description: Trust in electoral processes is fundamental for democracies. Further, the identity management of citizen data is crucial, because fi- nal tallies cannot be guaranteed without the assurance that every final vote was cast by an eligible voter. In order to establish a basis for a hybrid public verifiability of voting, this work (i) introduces Proverum, an approach combining a private environment based on private permis- sioned Distributed Ledgers with a public environment based on public Blockchains, (ii) describes the application of the Proverum architecture to the Swiss Remote Postal Voting system, mitigating threats present in the current system, and (iii) addresses successfully the decentralized identity management in a federalistic state.
Comment on `Update of 40K and 226Ra and 232Th series $γ$-to-dose conversion factors for soil'
Creators: name: Malins, Alex
name: Machida, Masahiko
name: Saito, Kimiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A letter to the editor of the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity on the article: E. Gasser, A. Nachab, A. Nourreddine, Ch. Roy, and A. Sellam, `Update of 40K and 226Ra and 232Th series $γ$-to-dose conversion factors for soil', J. Environ. Radioactiv. 138, 68-71 (2014), DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.08.002.
description: Author accepted manuscript, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2015), 9th Jan 2015, 2 pages, 1 figure
Measuring Vocational Interests on SETPOINT Dimensions.pdf
Creators: name: Hou, Daphne
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Industrial and organisational psychology (incl. human factors)

description: Vocational interest research has seen a resurgence in organizational research, given that it is predictive of key work outcomes. Current research has focused on vocational interests at the broad-band interest level. While the RIASEC model has been the typology for broad interest assessment of six interest types, more recent work with the setpoint model suggests eight interest dimensions need to be assessed. To date, there is no assessment tool available for the broad setpoint dimensions. This current study focuses on developing three short scales to assess the eight dimensions of the setpoint model and complements current assessments with three shorter but reliable and valid measurement tools. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Risk Assessment Reform is for Real
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Dr. Gori seems opposed to anything he cannot observe and count. His notions about scientific theories are hard to understand in a trained scientist. He states “Predictive knowledge-not guesses-is what sends men to the moon, builds skyscrapers, flies airliners, runs computers, provides effective medicines and all technological improvements that enrich our lives.”