cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transport evidence for a sliding two-dimensional quantum electron solid
Creators: name: Brussarski, Pedro
name: Li, S.
name: Kravchenko, S. V.
name: Shashkin, A. A.
name: Sarachik, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ignited by the discovery of the metal-insulator transition, the behaviour of low-disorder two-dimensional (2D) electron systems is currently the focus of a great deal of attention. In the strongly-interacting limit, electrons are expected to crystallize into a quantum Wigner crystal, but no definitive evidence for this effect has been obtained despite much experimental effort over the years. Here, studying the insulating state of a 2D electron system in silicon, we have found two-threshold voltage-current characteristics with a dramatic increase in noise between the two threshold voltages. This behaviour cannot be described within existing traditional models. On the other hand, it is strikingly similar to that observed for the collective depinning of the vortex lattice in Type-II superconductors. Adapting the model used for vortexes to the case of an electron solid yields good agreement with our experimental results, favouring the quantum electron solid as the origin of the low-density state.
Sparse Geometric Representation Through Local Shape Probing
Creators: name: Digne, Julie
name: Valette, Sébastien
name: Chaine, Raphaëlle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U05, 97R60

description: We propose a new shape analysis approach based on the non-local analysis of local shape variations. Our method relies on a novel description of shape variations, called Local Probing Field (LPF), which describes how a local probing operator transforms a pattern onto the shape. By carefully optimizing the position and orientation of each descriptor, we are able to capture shape similarities and gather them into a geometrically relevant dictionary over which the shape decomposes sparsely. This new representation permits to handle shapes with mixed intrinsic dimensionality (e.g. shapes containing both surfaces and curves) and to encode various shape features such as boundaries. Our shape representation has several potential applications; here we demonstrate its efficiency for shape resampling and point set denoising for both synthetic and real data.
Disentangling the Reproductive From the Liberatory in Urban School Contexts: Trauma-Informed Practice for Racially Just Systemic Teaching
Creators: name: Duane, Addison
name: Khasnabis, Debi
name: Goldin, Simona
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description:
The writing in this issue is inspired and springs from what hooks and Duncan-Andrade have called critical hope. A transgressive hope invoked by critical scholars and practitioners for centuries. Hope that strives, at every turn, to break systems of oppression that produce and reproduce trauma. Hope for the ways in which we can leverage trauma-informed practice (TIP) as a practice of liberation. In this special issue, authors illuminate how TIP can advance collective goals of urban education as liberation, speaking to multiple facets of urban education, as advanced by Milner and Lomotey, with particular attention to youth voice, multidisciplinary perspectives, policy, teaching and teacher education, and families and communities.
Development of a benchtop testing methodology for determining turbine blade vibration amplitude relative to input energy
Creators: name: Georgiou, Marios
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified
Automotive engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Turbocharger blade vibration experiments are important tasks and assist in identifying vibration parameters. Blade vibration amplitudes vary from blade to blade due to the casting process causing different blade geometry. Blade tuning can increase the risk of failure due to the frequency linkage between the blades. Most commonly the blades on the turbine side are designed identical but during casting, blades are developed non identical, and the system is called mistuned. This study describes the procedure and the methodology developed to form a turbine wheel model and fit it with experimental data with the aim to rank the blades in terms of how responsive they are. The methodology suggests that the process is done for each desired wheel in a population and once the parameters are identified, some of the parameters can be used for other wheels of the same type. To achieve the objective, this study analyses multiple vibration excitation and measurement methods in order to determine which method is the best to be used. As the turbine wheel is a very complex system, the turbine blade was modelled as a cantilever beam and an optimisation method was developed to fit the experimental data with the model data. From the optimised parameters found based on the cantilever beam section; a paddle wheel rotor was formed with the known beam parameters and a core with unknown parameters. The model’s core (hub) parameters were identified using the optimisation process developed by using a rotor system with 4 beams. Finally, the model was expanded to match the turbine wheel blade number. On a parallel workstream, multiple excitation and measurement methods were investigated, and the best methods were chosen to develop a final rig (best method in terms of repeatability, reproducibility, continuous excitation, and dwell excitation). This thesis developed a new process (method) for frequency and peak response identification of damped and undamped turbine blades. The main contribution involves cantilever beam-core model structures and experimental processes for identification of the model parameters and a final test rig is proposed as a recommendation.
Jet vanishing orders and effectivity of Kohn's algorithm in dimension $3$
Creators: name: Kim, Sung-Yeon
name: Zaitsev, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32T25, 32T27, 32W05, 32S05, 32B10, 32V15, 32V35, 32V40

description: We propose a new class of geometric invariants called jet vanishing orders, and use them to establish a new selection algorithm in the Kohn's construction of subelliptic multipliers for special domains in dimension $3$, inspired by the work of Y.-T. Siu [S10]. In particular, we obtain effective termination of our selection algorithm with explicit bounds both for the steps of the algorithm and the order of subellipticity in the corresponding subelliptic estimates. Our procedure possesses additional features of certain stability under high order perturbations, due to deferring the step of taking radicals to the very end of the algorithm. We further illustrate by examples the sharpness in our technical results and demonstrate the complete procedure for arbitrary high order perturbations of the Catlin-D'Angelo example [CD10] in Section 5. Our techniques here may be of broader interest for more general PDE systems, in the light of the recent program initiated by the breakthrough paper of Y.-T. Siu [S17].
description: Final version as published, substantially revised introduction and expanded literature, examples added in the last section to illustrate the algorithm
Hardware Impairments Aware Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Relaying
Creators: name: Taghizadeh, Omid
name: Cirik, Ali Cagatay
name: Mathar, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we study the behavior of a full-duplex (FD) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relay with multiple antennas, where hardware impairments of the FD relay transceiver is taken into account. Due to the inter-dependency of the transmit relay power on each antenna and the residual self-interference in an FD-AF relay, we observe a distortion loop that degrades the system performance when the relay dynamic range is not high. In this regard, we analyze the relay function in presence of the hardware inaccuracies and an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the signal to distortion-plus-noise ratio (SDNR), under relay and source transmit power constraints. Due to the problem complexity, we propose a gradient-projection-based (GP) algorithm to obtain an optimal solution. Moreover, a nonalternating sub-optimal solution is proposed by assuming a rank-1 relay amplification matrix, and separating the design of the relay process into multiple stages (MuStR1). The proposed MuStR1 method is then enhanced by introducing an alternating update over the optimization variables, denoted as AltMuStR1 algorithm. It is observed that compared to GP, (Alt)MuStR1 algorithms significantly reduce the required computational complexity at the expense of a slight performance degradation. Finally, the proposed methods are evaluated under various system conditions, and compared with the methods available in the current literature. In particular, it is observed that as the hardware impairments increase, or for a system with a high transmit power, the impact of applying a distortion-aware design is significant.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Fermion-induced quantum criticality in two-dimensional Dirac semimetals: Non-perturbative flow equations, fixed points and critical exponents
Creators: name: Classen, Laura
name: Herbut, Igor F.
name: Scherer, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a scenario where fluctuations of new degrees of freedom at a quantum phase transition change the nature of a transition beyond the standard Landau-Ginzburg paradigm. To this end we study the quantum phase transition of gapless Dirac fermions coupled to a $\mathbb{Z}_3$ symmetric order parameter within a Gross-Neveu-Yukawa model in 2+1 dimensions, appropriate for the Kekulé transition in honeycomb lattice materials. For this model the standard Landau-Ginzburg approach suggests a first order transition due to the symmetry-allowed cubic terms in the action. At zero temperature, however, quantum fluctuations of the massless Dirac fermions have to be included. We show that they reduce the putative first-order character of the transition and can even render it continuous, depending on the number of Dirac fermions $N_f$. A non-perturbative functional renormalization group approach is employed to investigate the phase transition for a wide range of fermion numbers. For the first time we obtain the critical $N_f$, where the nature of the transition changes. Furthermore, it is shown that for large $N_f$ the change from the first to second order of the transition as a function of dimension occurs exactly in the physical 2+1 dimensions. We compute the critical exponents and predict sizable corrections to scaling for $N_f =2$.
description: 12+5 pages, 5 figures
Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications in 5G Downlink: Physical Layer Aspects
Creators: name: Ji, Hyoungju
name: Park, Sunho
name: Yeo, Jeongho
name: Kim, Younsun
name: Lee, Juho
name: Shim, Byonghyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ultra reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) is a new service category in 5G to accommodate emerging services and applications having stringent latency and reliability requirements. In order to support URLLC, there should be both evolutionary and revolutionary changes in the air interface named 5G new radio (NR). In this article, we provide an up-to-date overview of URLLC with an emphasis on the physical layer challenges and solutions in 5G NR downlink. We highlight key requirements of URLLC and then elaborate the physical layer issues and enabling technologies including packet and frame structure, scheduling schemes, and reliability improvement techniques, which have been discussed in the 3GPP Release 15 standardization.
description: Copyright 2018 IEEE. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses,in any current or future media,including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Length-two representations of quantum affine superalgebras and Baxter operators
Creators: name: Zhang, Huafeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Associated to quantum affine general linear Lie superalgebras are two families of short exact sequences of representations whose first and third terms are irreducible: the Baxter TQ relations involving infinite-dimensional representations; the extended T-systems of Kirillov--Reshetikhin modules. We make use of these representations over the full quantum affine superalgebra to define Baxter operators as transfer matrices for the quantum integrable model and to deduce Bethe Ansatz Equations, under genericity conditions.
description: 41 pages, published version
Slingshot Mechanism for Clusters: Gas Density Regulates Star Density in the Orion Nebula Cluster (M42)
Creators: name: Stutz, Amelia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the stellar and gas volume density, potential, and gravitational field profiles in the central $\sim$ 0.5 pc of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), the nearest embedded star cluster (or rather, proto-cluster) hosting massive star formation available for detailed observational scrutiny. We find that the stellar volume density is well characterized by a Plummer profile $ρ_{stars}(r) = 5755\,{\rm M}_{\odot}\,{\rm pc}^{-3}\,(1+(r/a)^2)^{-5/2}$, where $a = 0.36$ pc. The gas density follows a cylindrical power law $ρ_{gas}(R) = 25.9\,{\rm M}_{\odot}\,{\rm pc}^{-3}\,(R/{\rm pc})^{-1.775}$. The stellar density profile dominates over the gas density profile inside $r\,\sim\,1$ pc. The gravitational field is gas-dominated at all radii, but the contribution to the total field by the stars is nearly equal to that of the gas at $r\,\sim\,a$. This fact alone demonstrates that the proto-cluster cannot be considered a gas-free system or a virialized system dominated by its own gravity. The stellar proto-cluster core is dynamically young, with an age of $\sim$ 2-3 Myr, a 1D velocity dispersion of $σ_{\rm obs} = 2.6$ km s$^{-1}$, and a crossing time of $\sim$ 0.55 Myr. This timescale is almost identical to the gas filament oscillation timescale estimated recently by Stutz & Gould (2016). This provides strong evidence that the proto-cluster structure is regulated by the gas filament. The proto-cluster structure may be set by tidal forces due to the oscillating filamentary gas potential. Such forces could naturally suppress low density stellar structures on scales $\gtrsim\,a$. The analysis presented here leads to a new suggestion that clusters form by an analog of the "slingshot mechanism" previously proposed for stars.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS accepted
Deep 6-DOF Tracking
Creators: name: Garon, Mathieu
name: Lalonde, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a temporal 6-DOF tracking method which leverages deep learning to achieve state-of-the-art performance on challenging datasets of real world capture. Our method is both more accurate and more robust to occlusions than the existing best performing approaches while maintaining real-time performance. To assess its efficacy, we evaluate our approach on several challenging RGBD sequences of real objects in a variety of conditions. Notably, we systematically evaluate robustness to occlusions through a series of sequences where the object to be tracked is increasingly occluded. Finally, our approach is purely data-driven and does not require any hand-designed features: robust tracking is automatically learned from data.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, ISMAR 2017, TVCG special edition Website: http://vision.gel.ulaval.ca/~jflalonde/projects/deepTracking/index.html
FAIR Data in Energy Systems Analysis
Creators: name: Hoyer-Klick, Carsten
name: Blesl, Markus
name: Bremen, Lüder von
name: Frey, Johanes
name: Frey, Ulrich
name: Gainnousakis, Anastasis
name: Hellmann, Sebastian
name: Hofmann, Christian
name: Hülk, Ludwig
name: Kronshage, Stefan
name: Kuckertz, Patrick
name: Lohmann, Gerald
name: Muschner, Christoph
name: Pehl, Michaja
name: Schroedter-Homscheidt, Marion
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: 1. NFDI4Energy Konferenz, Hannover, Germany, 20 Feb 2024 - 21 Feb 2024
description: see attached
Derivative Computations and Robust Standard Errors for Linear Mixed Effects Models in lme4
Creators: name: Wang, Ting
name: Merkle, Edgar C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While robust standard errors and related facilities are available in R for many types of statistical models, the facilities are notably lacking for models estimated via lme4. This is because the necessary statistical output, including the Hessian and casewise gradient of random effect parameters, is not immediately available from lme4 and is not trivial to obtain. In this article, we supply and describe two new functions to obtain this output from Gaussian mixed models: estfun.lmerMod() and vcov.full.lmerMod(). We discuss the theoretical results implemented in the code, focusing on calculation of robust standard errors via package sandwich. We also use the Sleepstudy data to illustrate the code and compare it to a benchmark from package lavaan.
description: Accepted at Journal of Statistical Software
The Goldbach Conjecture - An Emergence Effect of the Primes
Creators: name: Wüsthofen, Ralf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Goldbach problem

description: This paper has been replaced by the paper "Goldbach's Conjecture — A Route to the Inconsistency of Arithmetic".
description: First submission to the Annals of Mathematics on March 24, 2013
TFAW: wavelet-based signal reconstruction to reduce photometric noise in time-domain surveys
Creators: name: del Ser, D.
name: Fors, O.
name: Núñez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been many efforts to correct systematic effects in astronomical light curves to improve the detection and characterization of planetary transits and astrophysical variability. Algorithms like the Trend Filtering Algorithm (TFA) use simultaneously-observed stars to remove systematic effects, and binning is used to reduce high-frequency random noise. We present TFAW, a wavelet-based modified version of TFA. TFAW aims to increase the periodic signal detection and to return a detrended and denoised signal without modifying its intrinsic characteristics. We modify TFA's frequency analysis step adding a Stationary Wavelet Transform filter to perform an initial noise and outlier removal and increase the detection of variable signals. A wavelet filter is added to TFA's signal reconstruction to perform an adaptive characterization of the noise- and trend-free signal and the noise contribution at each iteration while preserving astrophysical signals. We carried out tests over simulated sinusoidal and transit-like signals to assess the effectiveness of the method and applied TFAW to real light curves from TFRM. We also studied TFAW's application to simulated multiperiodic signals, improving their characterization. TFAW improves the signal detection rate by increasing the signal detection efficiency (SDE) up to a factor ~2.5x for low SNR light curves. For simulated transits, the transit detection rate improves by a factor ~2-5x in the low-SNR regime compared to TFA. TFAW signal approximation performs up to a factor ~2x better than bin averaging for planetary transits. The standard deviations of simulated and real TFAW light curves are ~40x better than TFA. TFAW yields better MCMC posterior distributions and returns lower uncertainties, less biased transit parameters and narrower (~10x) credibility intervals for simulated transits. We present a newly-discovered variable star from TFRM.
description: Accepted for publication by A&A. 13 pages, 16 figures and 5 tables
AI in Cryo-EM - EMBO course Birkbeck 2023
Creators: name: Burt, Alister
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: An introductory lecture on AI given at the EMBO practical course on image processing 2023 at Birkbeck College, London, UK. https://meetings.embo.org/event/23-cryo-em-image-processing
Corrigendum: Gene therapy approaches for equine osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Goodrich, Laurie R.
name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: McIlwraith, C. Wayne
name: Phillips, Jennifer N.
name: Thampi, Parvathy
name: Grieger, Joshua C.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2023

description:
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.962898.].
Local Structure Order Assisted Two-step Crystal Nucleation in Polyethylene
Creators: name: Tang, Xiaoliang
name: Yang, Junsheng
name: Xu, Tingyu
name: Tian, Fucheng
name: Xie, Chun
name: Li, Liangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Homogeneous nucleation process of polyethylene (PE) is studied with full-atom molecular dynamic simulation. To account the complex shape with low symmetry and the peculiar intra-chain conformational order of polymer, we introduce a shape descriptor OCB coupling conformational order and inter-chain rotational symmetry, which is able to differentiate hexagonal and orthorhombic clusters from melt. With the shape descriptor OCB, we find that coupling between conformational and inter-chain rotational orderings results in the formation of hexagonal clusters first, which is dynamic in nature. Whilst nucleation of orthorhombic structure occurs inside of hexagonal clusters later, which proceeds via the coalescence of neighboring hexagonal clusters rather than standard stepwise growth process. This demonstrates that nucleation of PE crystal is a two-step process with the assistance of OCB order, which is different from early models for polymer crystallization but similar with that proposed for spherical 'atoms' like colloid and metal.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Computational approaches to study speech communication in groups
Creators: name: de Oliveira da Costa, Manuel Alejandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Audio
Speech Processing
Communication
Voice
Group Dynamics
Signal Processing
Unsupervised Learning

description: Abstract Groups are important entities in our daily life, whether in social contexts, such as family, or professional, as at work. Our identity is shaped by the various groups to which we belong, in the same way that their identity is characterized by their members.
 The interactions between the members of a group create a set of inter-personal dynamics that have a direct impact on the performance of the tasks performed by them. The productivity of the groups correlates with the existing dynamics, where communication plays a central role. The development of communication in the group highlights its existing dynamics and the way they evolve over time. By studying these dynamics it is possible to better understand the mechanics of the group’s functioning which, in turn, may explain some phenomena such as the quality of teamwork. Communication allows the members of the group to express their ideas, beliefs and feelings that allow to articulate the work done by the group. Speech, being our most natural form of communication, makes these interactions possible and thus plays a predominant role in these contexts. In this work an objective and systematic study is made of the descriptive characteristics of the voice that allow the representation of communication based on speech in groups. Furthermore, interpersonal interaction mechanics are also studied, in
 the circumstances of small groups, and the social dynamics evidenced by them. In this context, it is intended to contribute with a computational approach that allows to analyze, in a robust way, the communication based on speech in groups. To this end, a review on literature is carried out on the theoretical concepts of speech-based communication, voice and group dynamics. Based on these studies, a proof-of-concept tool was proposed that articulates the different stages of speech processing that make the study of interpersonal interactions and group dynamics possible.
 To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methods, an exploratory study is carried out on a database containing speech relating to groups in conflict situations during collaborative tasks. The results obtained show promising findings, allowing different types of conflict to be automatically identified and distinguished based on the descriptive characteristics of speech previously studied.
Phase Transitions of the Typical Algorithmic Complexity of the Random Satisfiability Problem Studied with Linear Programming
Creators: name: Schawe, Hendrik
name: Bleim, Roman
name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Here we study the NP-complete $K$-SAT problem. Although the worst-case complexity of NP-complete problems is conjectured to be exponential, there exist parametrized random ensembles of problems where solutions can typically be found in polynomial time for suitable ranges of the parameter. In fact, random $K$-SAT, with $α=M/N $ as control parameter, can be solved quickly for small enough values of $α$. It shows a phase transition between a satisfiable phase and an unsatisfiable phase. For branch and bound algorithms, which operate in the space of feasible Boolean configurations, the empirically hardest problems are located only close to this phase transition. Here we study $K$-SAT ($K=3,4$) and the related optimization problem MAX-SAT by a linear programming approach, which is widely used for practical problems and allows for polynomial run time. In contrast to branch and bound it operates outside the space of feasible configurations. On the other hand, finding a solution within polynomial time is not guaranteed. We investigated several variants like including artificial objective functions, so called cutting-plane approaches, and a mapping to the NP-complete vertex-cover problem. We observed several easy-hard transitions, from where the problems are typically solvable (in polynomial time) using the given algorithms, respectively, to where they are not solvable in polynomial time. For the related vertex-cover problem on random graphs these easy-hard transitions can be identified with structural properties of the graphs, like percolation transitions. For the present random $K$-SAT problem we have investigated numerous structural properties also exhibiting clear transitions, but they appear not be correlated to the here observed easy-hard transitions. This renders the behaviour of random $K$-SAT more complex than, e.g., the vertex-cover problem.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Lorentz Structure of Vector Part of Matrix Elements of Transitions n p, Caused by Strong Low-Energy Interactions and Hypothesis of Conservation of Charged Vector Current
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the Lorentz structure of the matrix elements of the transitions "neutron proton", induced by the charged hadronic vector current. We show that the term maintaining conservation of the charged hadronic vector current even for different masses of the neutron and proton (see T. Leitner et al., Phys. Rev. C 73, 065502 (2006) and A. M. Ankowski, arXiv:1601.06169 [hep-ph]) has a dynamical origin, related to the G-even first class current contribution. We show that because of invariance of strong low-energy interactions under the G-parity transformations, the G-odd contribution with the Lorentz structure $q_μ$, where $q_μ$ is a momentum transferred, does not appear in the matrix elements of the ``neutron proton' transitions.
description: 12 pages, 1 figures, the paper is revised and accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Cosmic evolution and metal aversion in super-luminous supernova host galaxies
Creators: name: Schulze, S.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Buchner, J.
name: Kim, S.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Amorín, R.
name: Herrero-Illana, R.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Christensen, L.
name: de Pasquale, M.
name: Postigo, A. de Ugarte
name: Gallazzi, A.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Morrell, N.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Sparre, M.
name: Stalder, B.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Thöne, C. C.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SUperluminous Supernova Host galaxIES (SUSHIES) survey aims to provide strong new constraints on the progenitors of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) by understanding the relationship to their host galaxies. We present the photometric properties of 53 H-poor and 16 H-rich SLSN host galaxies out to $z\sim4$. We model their spectral energy distributions to derive physical properties, which we compare with other galaxy populations. At low redshift, H-poor SLSNe are preferentially found in very blue, low-mass galaxies with high average specific star-formation rates. As redshift increases, the host population follows the general evolution of star-forming galaxies towards more luminous galaxies. After accounting for secular evolution, we find evidence for differential evolution in galaxy mass, but not in the $B$-band and the far UV luminosity ($3σ$ confidence). Most remarkable is the scarcity of hosts with stellar masses above $10^{10}~M_\odot$ for both classes of SLSNe. In the case of H-poor SLSNe, we attribute this to a stifled production efficiency above $\sim0.4$ solar metallicity. However, we argue that, in addition to low metallicity, a short-lived stellar population is also required to regulate the SLSN production. H-rich SLSNe are found in a very diverse population of star-forming galaxies. Still, the scarcity of massive hosts suggests a stifled production efficiency above $\sim0.8$ solar metallicity. The large dispersion of the H-rich SLSNe host properties is in stark contrast to those of gamma-ray burst, regular core-collapse SN, and H-poor SLSNe host galaxies. We propose that multiple progenitor channels give rise to this sub-class.
description: Accepted on 8 September 2017. Currently in press at MNRAS. Substantially revised version. 61 pages, 31 pages main text, 30 pages appendices, 22 figures and 9 tables
Data from: DEC1 Deficiency promotes osteoclastic events by augmenting NFATc1 via transactivation and the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway
Creators: name: Wang, Haobin
name: Lin, Lan
name: Qiang, Zhiyi
name: Guan, Yu
name: Huo, Ying
name: Zhu, Ling
name: Yan, Bingfang
name: Shao, Shulin
name: Wei, Liu
name: Yang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310102
subject: Cell development, proliferation and death
classificationCode: 321401
subject: Basic pharmacology
classificationCode: 310103
subject: Cell metabolism
classificationCode: 310111
subject: Signal transduction

description: We have previously shown that DEC1 promotes osteoblast differentiation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of DEC1 knockout on the osteopenic activities such as osteoclast differentiation and the expression of bone-degrading genes. To shed light on the underlying mechanisms, our study used in vivo and in vitro experiments as well as cellular and molecular approaches such as osteoclast differentiation and RNA-seq in combination of ChIP-seq. NFATc1, a master regulator of osteoclast differentiation, and PPP3CB, a member of the calcineurin family of proteins, were significantly upregulated in DEC1-/- mice. In vitro osteoclast differentiation induction experiment detected significant increases of the number and the size of osteoclasts in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with those in DEC1+/+ BMMs. The expression of NFATc1 significantly increased in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with that in DEC1+/+ BMMs. Moreover, overexpression or knockdown of DEC1 decreased or increased the NFATc1 promoter reporter activity. As expected, the intracellular free Ca2+ and calcineurin activity increased (~150%) in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with those in DEC1+/+ BMMs. Importantly, calcineurin inhibitor and calcium channel blockers abolished the increased osteoclast differentiation in DEC1-/- BMMs. Taken together, DEC1 deficiency promotes osteoclast differentiation by augmenting NFATc-1 signaling, through transcriptional regulation and the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway. The mRNA level of DEC1 decreases by up to75% in osteoporosis patients. The findings from this study have established that induced expression of DEC1, in conjunction with attenuators of the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway, provides a molecular foundation for preventing and treating osteoporosis associated with DEC1 deficiency.
Data from: DEC1 Deficiency promotes osteoclastic events by augmenting NFATc-1 via transactivation and the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway
Creators: name: Wang, Haobin
name: Lin, Lan
name: Qiang, Zhiyi
name: Guan, Yu
name: Huo, Ying
name: Zhu, Ling
name: Yan, Bingfang
name: Shao, Shulin
name: Wei, Liu
name: Yang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310102
subject: Cell development, proliferation and death
classificationCode: 321401
subject: Basic pharmacology
classificationCode: 310103
subject: Cell metabolism
classificationCode: 310111
subject: Signal transduction

description: We have previously shown that DEC1 promotes osteoblast differentiation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of DEC1 knockout on the osteopenic activities such as osteoclast differentiation and the expression of bone-degrading genes. To shed light on the underlying mechanisms, our study used in vivo and in vitro experiments as well as cellular and molecular approaches such as osteoclast differentiation and RNA-seq in combination of ChIP-seq. NFATc1, a master regulator of osteoclast differentiation, and PPP3CB, a member of the calcineurin family of proteins, were significantly upregulated in DEC1-/- mice. In vitro osteoclast differentiation induction experiment detected significant increases of the number and the size of osteoclasts in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with those in DEC1+/+ BMMs. The expression of NFATc1 significantly increased in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with that in DEC1+/+ BMMs. Moreover, overexpression or knockdown of DEC1 decreased or increased the NFATc1 promoter reporter activity. As expected, the intracellular free Ca2+ and calcineurin activity increased (~150%) in DEC1-/- BMMs, compared with those in DEC1+/+ BMMs. Importantly, calcineurin inhibitor and calcium channel blockers abolished the increased osteoclast differentiation in DEC1-/- BMMs. Taken together, DEC1 deficiency promotes osteoclast differentiation by augmenting NFATc-1 signaling, through transcriptional regulation and the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway. The mRNA level of DEC1 decreases by up to75% in osteoporosis patients. The findings from this study have established that induced expression of DEC1, in conjunction with attenuators of the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway, provides a molecular foundation for preventing and treating osteoporosis associated with DEC1 deficiency.
title: Starke Gefühle
title: Emotionen in Konflikten mit Kindern thematisieren
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Garin, Annaïk
name: Reinsch, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lehrer
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4035088-5
subject: Schüler
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4053369-4
subject: Konflikt
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4032081-9
subject: Gefühl
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4019702-5

description: Emotionen gelten als Spiegelbild unserer persönlichen Bedürfnislage. Insbesondere in Konflikt- oder Mediationsgesprächen ist es demnach wichtig, nicht nur über den Moment zu sprechen, an dem ein Streit entstanden ist, sondern auch Bedürfnisse und Gefühle aufzudecken, die unser Handeln, Denken und Fühlen beeinflusst haben. Die folgenden Materialien zeigen, wie man als Lehrkraft Emotionen und Streit mit Grundschulkindern behandeln kann.
Light-induced anisotropic skyrmion and stripe phases in a Rashba ferromagnet
Creators: name: Yudin, D.
name: Gulevich, D. R.
name: Titov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An external off-resonant pumping is proposed as a tool to control the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in ferromagnetic layers with strong spin-orbit coupling. Combining theoretical analysis with numerical simulations for an $s$-$d$-like model we demonstrate that linearly polarized off-resonant light may help stabilizing novel noncollinear magnetic phases by inducing a strong anisotropy of the DMI. We also investigate how with the application of electromagnetic pumping one can control the stability, shape and size of individual skyrmions to make them suitable for potential applications.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Comprehensive Review of Audio Steganalysis Methods
Creators: name: Ghasemzadeh, Hamzeh
name: Kayvanrad, Mohammad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, merging signal processing techniques with information security services has found a lot of attention. Steganography and steganalysis are among those trends. Like their counterparts in cryptology, steganography and steganalysis are in a constant battle. Steganography methods try to hide the presence of covert messages in innocuous-looking data, whereas steganalysis methods try to reveal existence of such messages and to break steganography methods. The stream nature of audio signals, their popularity, and their wide spread usage make them very suitable media for steganography. This has led to a very rich literature on both steganography and steganalysis of audio signals. This paper intends to conduct a comprehensive review of audio steganalysis methods aggregated over near fifteen years. Furthermore, we implement some of the most recent audio steganalysis methods and conduct a comparative analysis on their performances. Finally, the paper provides some possible directions for future researches on audio steganalysis.
description: Submitted journal paper
Trace scaling automorphisms of the stabilized Razak-Jacelon algebra
Creators: name: Nawata, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L40, Secondary 46L35, 46L55

description: We classify trace scaling automorphisms of $\mathcal{W}\otimes\mathbb{K}$ up to outer conjugacy, where $\mathcal{W}$ is a certain simple separable nuclear stably projectionless C$^*$-algebra having trivial $K$-groups. Also, we show that all automorphisms of $\mathcal{W}$ with the Rohlin property are outer conjugate to each other. Moreover, we show that the central sequence C$^*$-algebra $F(\mathcal{W})$ of $\mathcal{W}$ is infinitee, which answers a question of Kirchberg.
description: 30 pages. v3:Title changed. v2:We added Theorem 5.8, Corollary 5.9(an answer to Kirchberg's question), Question 5.10 and Corollary 5.11
Assessing the Suitability of Unmet Need as a Proxy for Access to Contraception and Desire to Use It
Creators: name: Soura, Abdramane
name: Senderowicz, Leigh
name: Langer, Ana
name: Tumlinson, Katherine
name: Sié, Ali
name: Bullington, Brooke W.
name: Zabré, Pascal
name: Sawadogo, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
Unmet need for contraception is a widely used but frequently misunderstood indicator. Although calculated from measures of pregnancy intention and current contraceptive use, unmet need is commonly used as a proxy measure for (1) lack of access to contraception and (2) desire to use it. Using data from a survey in Burkina Faso, we examine the extent to which unmet need corresponds with and diverges from these two concepts, calculating sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values. Among women assigned conventional unmet need, 67 percent report no desire to use contraception and 61 percent report access to a broad range of affordable contraceptives. Results show unmet need has low sensitivity and specificity in differentiating those who lack access and/or who desire to use a method from those who do not. These findings suggest that unmet need is of limited utility to inform family planning programs and may be leading stakeholders to overestimate the proportion of women in need of expanded family planning services. We conclude that more direct measures are feasible at the population level, rendering the proxy measure of unmet need unnecessary. Where access to and/or desire for contraception are the true outcomes of interest, more direct measures should be used.
Cantino V., Pollifroni M., Cortese D., Longo M. “Branding Strategies and Accounting in wine production: a historical analysis of ‹Fontanafredda› (1858-1932)”, 2016
Creators: name: Pollifroni, Massimo
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Accounting and Business Adm.

description: Massimo Pollifroni presenta l’articolo “Branding Strategies and Accounting in wine production: a historical analysis of ‹Fontanafredda› (1858-1932)”, pubblicato da Valter Cantino (et al.) nel 2016 all’interno del volume “Accounting and Food: Some Italian Experiences”, a cura di Luciano D’Amico, Roberto Di Pietra e Massimo Sargiacomo, per l’editore Routledge.
Mono-X Versus Direct Searches: Simplified Models for Dark Matter at the LHC
Creators: name: Liew, Seng Pei
name: Papucci, Michele
name: Vichi, Alessandro
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider simplified models for dark matter (DM) at the LHC, focused on mono-Higgs, -Z, or -b produced in the final state. Our primary purpose is to study the LHC reach of a relatively complete set of simplified models for these final states, while comparing the reach of the mono-X DM search against direct searches for the mediating particle. We find that direct searches for the mediating particle, whether in di-jets, jets+MET, multi-b+MET, or di-boson+MET, are usually stronger. We draw attention to the cases that the mono-X search is strongest, which include regions of parameter space in inelastic DM, two Higgs doublet, and squark mediated production models with a compressed spectrum.
description: 43 pages, 17 figures; v2: clarifications added and typos fixed, results unchanged. Published version
Adaptive Modularity Maximization via Edge Weighting Scheme
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaoyan
name: Kuzmin, Konstantin
name: Chen, Mingming
name: Szymanski, Boleslaw K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modularity maximization is one of the state-of-the-art methods for community detection that has gained popularity in the last decade. Yet it suffers from the resolution limit problem by preferring under certain conditions large communities over small ones. To solve this problem, we propose to expand the meaning of the edges that are currently used to indicate propensity of nodes for sharing the same community. In our approach this is the role of edges with positive weights while edges with negative weights indicate aversion for putting their end-nodes into one community. We also present a novel regression model which assigns weights to the edges of a graph according to their local topological features to enhance the accuracy of modularity maximization algorithms. We construct artificial graphs based on the parameters sampled from a given unweighted network and train the regression model on ground truth communities of these artificial graphs in a supervised fashion. The extraction of local topological edge features can be done in linear time, making this process efficient. Experimental results on real and synthetic networks show that the state-of-the-art community detection algorithms improve their performance significantly by finding communities in the weighted graphs produced by our model.
description: 34 pages
Barjols, devanture de charcuterie ornée d'une motte de saindoux sculptée, représentant un boeuf embroché
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Stealth multiboson signals
Creators: name: Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the `stealth bosons' $S$, light boosted particles with a decay $S \to AA \to q \bar q q \bar q$ into two daughter bosons $A$, which subsequently decay into four quarks that are reconstructed as a single fat jet. Variables that measure the two-pronged structure of fat jets, which are used for diboson resonance searches in hadronic or semi-leptonic final states, classify the jets produced in stealth boson decays as QCD-like - actually, for these variables they may seem more background-like than the QCD background itself. The number of tracks in those jets can also be, on average, much higher than for the fat jets arising from the hadronic decay of boosted $W$ and $Z$ bosons. Therefore, these elusive particles are hard to spot in standard searches. Heavy resonances decaying into two such stealth bosons, or one plus a $W/Z$ boson, could offer an explanation for the recurrent small excesses found in hadronic diboson resonance searches near an invariant mass of 2 TeV.
description: LaTeX 32 pages. v2: three appendices added as well as many additional discussions, journal version
Webs and $q$-Howe dualities in types $\mathbf{B}\mathbf{C}\mathbf{D}$
Creators: name: Sartori, Antonio
name: Tubbenhauer, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define web categories describing intertwiners for the orthogonal and symplectic Lie algebras, and, in the quantized setup, for certain orthogonal and symplectic coideal subalgebras. They generalize the Brauer category, and allow us to prove quantum versions of some classical type $\mathbf{B}\mathbf{C}\mathbf{D}$ Howe dualities.
description: 40 pages, many figures, revised version, comments welcome, to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc