cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning stochastic filtering
Creators: name: Ramakrishnan, Rahul O.
name: Auconi, Andrea
name: Friedrich, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the performance of approximations to stochastic filtering by the Kullback-Leibler divergence to the optimal Bayesian filter. Using a two-state Markov process that drives a Brownian measurement process as prototypical test case, we compare two stochastic filtering approximations: a static low-pass filter as baseline, and machine learning of Voltera expansions using nonlinear Vector Auto Regression (nVAR). We highlight the crucial role of the chosen performance metric, and present two solutions to the specific challenge of predicting a likelihood bounded between $0$ and $1$.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 18 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 18: Figure S12. Pearson’s correlation analysis of the RNA-Seq data.
Additional file 1 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Leaf phenotypic traits (a) and plant mortality (b) of Panax. notoginseng under nitrogen regimes.
Ab initio study of the double row model of the Si(553)-Au reconstruction
Creators: name: Riikonen, Sampsa
name: Sanchez-Portal, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using x-ray diffraction Ghose et al. [Surf. Sci. {\bf 581} (2005) 199] have recently produced a structural model for the quantum-wire surface Si(553)-Au. This model presents two parallel gold wires located at the step edge. Thus, the structure and the gold coverage are quite different from previous proposals. We present here an ab initio study using density functional theory of the stability, electronic band structure and scanning tunneling microscopy images of this model.
description: Submitted to Surface Science on December 2005
Additional file 2 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Detection of Rubisco large and small subunits in the leaves of Panax notoginseng.
Metric algebroid and Dirac generating operator in Double Field Theory
Creators: name: Carow-Watamura, Ursula
name: Miura, Kohei
name: Watamura, Satoshi
name: Yano, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a formulation of Double Field Theory (DFT) based on a metric algebroid. We derive a covariant completion of the Bianchi identities, i.e. the pre-Bianchi identity in torsion and an improved generalized curvature, and the pre-Bianchi identity including the dilaton contribution. The derived bracket formulation by the Dirac generating operator is applied to the metric algebroid. We propose a generalized Lichnerowicz formula and show that it is equivalent to the pre-Bianchi identities. The dilaton in this setting is included as an ambiguity in the divergence. The projected generalized Lichnerowicz formula gives a new formulation of the DFT action. The closure of the generalized Lie derivative on the spin bundle yields the Bianchi identities as a consistency condition. A relation to the generalized supergravity equations (GSE) is discussed.
description: 57 pages
Voters’ evaluations of prime ministerial candidates : the impact of leader traits in the 2000 Canadian federal election
Creators: name: Nakai, Emily
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines the impact of perceived personality traits of the political party leaders on voting decisions in the 2000 Canadian federal election, replicating Richard Johnston's research that is based on the 1997 election. Employing data from the 2000 Canadian Election Study (CES), the research uses Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis to estimate how evaluations of leader personality traits over two aggregated dimensions - competence and character - moved votes. The changes in the design of the 2000 CES from prior years created many difficulties in assessing voters' evaluations of the party leaders and limited the comparability of the results from the study. The key methodological differences are: (1) leaders were not evaluated individually; (2) it did not measure the degree of applicability of the trait labels; (3) it included significantly fewer leader personality questions, and (4) the "new ideas" variable does not fall squarely into either the competence and character domains and seems to favour the new Alliance Party leader. This study finds that leader effects are more critical to the parties struggling for their political survival. A counterfactual party leader-switching exercise suggests that the distance between the frontrunner parties and the others was too great for leader-switching effects to make a difference in determining which parties would form the government and the Official Opposition and whether the winning party would form a majority or minority government. Joe Clark improved his party's standing during the campaign and helped it to retain its official party status while evaluations of Stockwell Day declined. The relevance of judgements of Day and Clark on pre-election vote intentions moved in the same direction as voters' respective evaluations of the leaders over the campaign. This study confirms that campaigns can have an effect on voters. The study supports earlier research findings that suggests that Canadian elections are vulnerable to leader effects. Conventional wisdom that is driven by the media's focus on the personalities suggests that leaders are significant factors in Canadian federal elections, but the empirical research reported in this study and others before it suggest otherwise.
A Joint Characterization of German Monetary Policy and the Dynamics of the German Term Structure of Interest Rates
Creators: name: Fendel, Ralf
name: Fendel, Ralf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Affine term structure models
subject: monetary policy rules
subject: Kalman filter

description: The paper develops an empirical no-arbitrage Gaussian affine term structure model to explain the dynamics of the German term structure of interest rates. In contrast to most affine term structure models two risk factors are linked to observable macroeconomics factors: output and inflation. The results indicate that the dynamics of the German term structure of interest rates can be sufficiently explained by expected variations in those macroeconomic factors plus an additional unobservable factor. Furthermore, we are able to extract a monetary policy reaction function within this no-arbitrage model that closely resembles empirical reaction functions that are based on the dynamics of the short rate only.
Kinetic and Chemical Equilibration in Scalar phi^4 Theory
Creators: name: Arrizabalaga, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximations based on the 2PI effective action are used to investigate the process of equilibration in phi^4 theory in 3+1 dimensions, both in the symmetric and broken phase. A special emphasis is put on the study of the kinetic and chemical equilibration.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, uses axodraw, minor corrections added, based on a talk given at the Workshop on Quark Gluon Plasma Thermalization, Vienna, August 10th-12th, 2005
Maturities, Nonlinearities, and the International Transmission of Short-Term Interest Rates
Creators: name: Mougoue, Mbodja
name: Noula, Armand Gilbert
name: Ajayi, Richard A.
name: Mougoue, Mbodja
name: Noula, Armand Gilbert
name: Ajayi, Richard A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Eurodollar interest rates
subject: CD interest rates
subject: linear and nonlinear causality
subject: financial market integration

description: This paper employs linear and nonlinear Granger causality tests to re-examine the dynamic relation between daily Eurodollar and U.S. certificates of deposit rates during the July 16, 1973 to May 1, 2006 period. This study also conducts sub-period analysis based on the switching regression technique of Goldfield and Quant (GQSRT) (1972, 1973, and 1976). The main empirical findings are (1) Full-sample results show significant bi-directional linear causality from the CD and CD interest rates for one-month maturities and unidirectional linear causality between the EURO and CD interest rates for three-month and six-month maturities. Furthermore, full-sample results reveal for all three maturities. (2) Sub-sample results based on linear tests show a unidirectional causal relation from the CD rate to the EURO rate during the first sub-period for all three maturities. During the second sub-period, however, linear tests uncover a strong bi-directional relation between the CD and the Euro rates for all three maturities. The linear results for the third sub-period reveal mostly unidirectional causality from the EURO rate to the Cd for three maturities. (3) Finally, sub-sample nonlinear causality tests reveal mostly a unidirectional causality from the CD rate to the EURO rate for all three maturities during the first sub-sample, a strong significant bi-directional causality between the two rates for all three maturities during the second sub-period, and an uneven bi-directional causality between the two rates for all three maturities during the third sub-period. Overall, the results of this study show that the EURO rate’s role is becoming more prominent compared to that of the CD rate.
On extensions and branching rules for modules close to completely splittable
Creators: name: Shchigolev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C30

description: New exact modular branching rules are obtained for modules over the symmetric groups that are close to completely splittable modules. These results are based on some upper bounds for the Ext^1-spaces between simple modules.
Neutrino Mixing and Nucleosynthesis in Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Balantekin, A. B.
name: Yuksel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple description of core-collapse supernovae is given. Properties of the neutrino-driven wind, neutrino fluxes and luminosities, reaction rates, and the equilibrium electron fraction in supernova environments are discussed. Neutrino mixing and neutrino interactions that are relevant to core-collapse supernovae are briefly reviewed. The values of electron fraction under several evolution scenarios that may impact rapid neutron capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis are calculated.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Bulk-edge correspondence of classical diffusion phenomena
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elucidate that the diffusive systems, which are widely found in nature, can be a new platform of the bulk-edge correspondence, a representative topological phenomenon. Using a discretized diffusion equation, we demonstrate the emergence of robust edge states protected by the winding number for one- and two-dimensional systems. These topological edge states can be experimentally accessible by measuring the diffusive dynamics at the edges. Furthermore, we discover a novel diffusive phenomenon by numerically simulating the distribution of temperatures for a honeycomb lattice system; the temperature field with wavenumber $π$ cannot diffuse to the bulk, which is attributed to the complete localization of the edge state.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, a reference is added, typos are corrected
Anomalous Effects of "Guest" Charges Immersed in Electrolyte: Exact 2D Results
Creators: name: Samaj, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study physical situations when one or two "guest" arbitrarily-charged particles are immersed in the bulk of a classical electrolyte modelled by a Coulomb gas of positive/negative unit point-like charges, the whole system being in thermal equilibrium. The models are treated as two-dimensional with logarithmic pairwise interactions among charged constituents; the (dimensionless) inverse temperature $β$ is considered to be smaller than 2 in order to ensure the stability of the electrolyte against the collapse of positive-negative pairs of charges. Based on recent progress in the integrable (1+1)-dimensional sine-Gordon theory, exact formulas are derived for the chemical potential of one guest charge and for the asymptotic large-distance behavior of the effective interaction between two guest charges. The exact results imply, under certain circumstances, anomalous effects such as an effective attraction (repulsion) between like-charged (oppositely-charged) guest particles and the charge inversion in the electrolyte vicinity of a highly-charged guest particle. The adequacy of the concept of renormalized charge is confirmed in the whole stability region of inverse temperatures and the related saturation phenomenon is revised.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Analysing the Effect of Clarifying Questions on Document Ranking in Conversational Search
Creators: name: Krasakis, Antonios Minas
name: Aliannejadi, Mohammad
name: Voskarides, Nikos
name: Kanoulas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research on conversational search highlights the importance of mixed-initiative in conversations. To enable mixed-initiative, the system should be able to ask clarifying questions to the user. However, the ability of the underlying ranking models (which support conversational search) to account for these clarifying questions and answers has not been analysed when ranking documents, at large. To this end, we analyse the performance of a lexical ranking model on a conversational search dataset with clarifying questions. We investigate, both quantitatively and qualitatively, how different aspects of clarifying questions and user answers affect the quality of ranking. We argue that there needs to be some fine-grained treatment of the entire conversational round of clarification, based on the explicit feedback which is present in such mixed-initiative settings. Informed by our findings, we introduce a simple heuristic-based lexical baseline, that significantly outperforms the existing naive baselines. Our work aims to enhance our understanding of the challenges present in this particular task and inform the design of more appropriate conversational ranking models.
description: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGIR International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval (ICTIR '20), September 14-17, 2020
New Zealand's Pastoral Exports: Can Small Countries Practise Pricing-to-Market?
Creators: name: Tantirigama, Mangalika
name: Lee, Minsoo
name: Sanyal, Amal
name: Tantirigama, Mangalika
name: Lee, Minsoo
name: Sanyal, Amal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: meat and wool exports
subject: pricing-to-market
subject: exchange rate pass through
subject: New Zealand economy

description: Literature presumes that exporters from small countries and particularly of primary products do not practice pricing-to-market (PTM) because of lack of market power. Out paper examines New Zealand’s pastoral exports over 1988-2002 and finds strong evidence of PTM. Evidence rejects the hypothesis that New Zealand is a price taker in these markets. We find incomplete pass-through in sheep meat markets and more than complete pass-through in wool. The degree of PTM is more pronounced in meat and less, but significant, in will. Interesting co-movement in export pricing of New Zealand and Australia and a high degree of PTM are noted when the two counties together dominate a market. Generally we report a smaller PTM when there is a larger promotional expenditure in the corresponding market.
Predictions of laser-cooling temperatures for multilevel atoms in three-dimensional polarization-gradient fields
Creators: name: Dunn, Josh W.
name: Greene, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of atom-laser interactions for atoms having multiple, closely spaced, excited-state hyperfine manifolds. The system is treated fully quantum mechanically, including the atom's center-of-mass degree of freedom, and motion is described in a polarization gradient field created by a three-dimensional laser configuration. We develop the master equation describing this system, and then specialize it to the low-intensity limit by adiabatically eliminating the excited states. We show how this master equation can be simulated using the Monte Carlo wave function technique, and we provide details on implementation of this procedure. Monte Carlo calculations of steady state atomic momentum distributions for two fermionic alkaline earth isotopes, $^{25}$Mg and $^{87}$Sr, interacting with a three-dimensional lin-$\perp$-lin laser configuration are presented, providing estimates of experimentally achievable laser-cooling temperatures.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX; minor revisions, shortened appendix
Additional file 17 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 17: Table S6. Summary ofmapping rate and statistics of expression genes based on the RNA-Seq data.
Strings and Planck Oscillators
Creators: name: Sidharth, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We contrast two theories which both start in one dimension at the Planck scale, viz., Quantum SuperString or M-Theory and a theory of Planck oscillations
description: 24 pages.Based on two Chapters of "Universe of Fluctuations", Springer, NL, 2005
The Agricultural and the External (Net Barter) Terms of Trade in Bangladesh: Trends, Movements and Relationships, 1952-2006
Creators: name: Hossain, Akhand Akhtar
name: Hossain, Akhand Akhtar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agriculture
subject: terms-of-trade
subject: cointegration

description: This paper analyses the trends and movements of, and the relationship between, the agricultural and the external (net barter) terms of trade in Bangladesh for the period 1952-2006. The Pesaran bounds testing results suggest the presence of a cointegral relationship between the agricultural and the external terms of trade in Bangladesh. The forecasting ability of the error-correction model of the agricultural terms of trade is highly, satisfactory, irrespective of whether the level or the percentage change in the agricultural terms of trade is being forecasted. The overall results suggest that the agricultural terms of trade in Bangladesh is determined endogenously and does not seem to have been deployed by policy makers to ‘squeeze agriculture’ within an import-substituting strategy of development that has effectively ended in this country since the mid-1980s.
Stability analysis of an ensemble of simple harmonic oscillators
Creators: name: Thakur, R. K.
name: Tiwari, B. N.
name: Nigam, R.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Thiruvikraman, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the stability of the configurations of harmonic oscillator potential that are directly proportional to the square of the displacement. We derive expressions for fluctuations in partition function due to variations of the parameters, viz. the mass, temperature and the frequency of oscillators. Here, we introduce the Hessian matrix of the partition function as the model embedding function from the space of parameters to the set of real numbers. In this framework, we classify the regions in the parameter space of the harmonic oscillator fluctuations where they yield a stable statistical configuration. The mechanism of stability follows from the notion of the fluctuation theory. In sections 7 and 8, we provide the nature of local and global correlations and stability regions where the system yields a stable or unstable statistical basis, or it undergoes into geometric phase transitions. Finally, in section $9$, the comparison of results is provided with reference to other existing research.
description: 15 pages, 1 figures
The impact of non-tariff barriers on maize and beef trade in East Africa
Creators: name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Wanjiku, Julliet
name: Gbegbelegbe, Sika
name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
name: Massawe, Stella
name: Macharia, Eric
name: Freeman, H. Ade
name: Waithaka, Michael M.
name: Kaitibie, Simeon
name: Gulan, Ayele
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Wanjiku, Julliet
name: Gbegbelegbe, Sika
name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
name: Massawe, Stella
name: Macharia, Eric
name: Freeman, H. Ade
name: Waithaka, Michael M.
name: Kaitibie, Simeon
name: Gulan, Ayele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: beef
subject: maize
subject: non-tariff barriers
subject: trade

description: The East African Customs Union was established in 2005 with the aim of increasing intraregional trade. The Customs Union protocol commits member states to eliminate non-tariff barriers (NTBs) to intraregional trade. However, several NTBs are still applied by member states. This study identifies the existing NTBs on maize and beef trade and quantifies their impact on trade and welfare of EAC citizens using a Spatial Equilibrium Model (SEM). Data on NTBs were collected from traders and transporters of maize and beef cattle in East Africa. Roadblock checks, bribes and custom rules and procedures were identified as the main NTBs to trade. The SEM model shows that a 50% reduction of the cost of NTBs, or their complete elimination would improve social welfare in EAC. The study recommends: removal of the NTBs; improved efficiency in administrative procedures; and establishment of a monitoring system to track the effectiveness of implemented initiatives to remove barriers to trade.
Correlations between Triaxial Shapes and Formation History of Dark Matter Haloes
Creators: name: Lau, Erwin T.
name: Hearin, Andrew P.
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Cappelluti, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of dark matter haloes plays a critical role in constraining cosmology with upcoming large-scale structure surveys. In this paper, we study the correlations between the triaxial shapes and formation histories in dark matter haloes in the MultiDark Planck 2 N-body cosmological simulation. We find that halo ellipticity is strongly correlated with halo properties that serve as proxies of halo formation history, such as halo concentration and the peak-centroid offset. In particular, the correlation between halo ellipticity and halo concentration is nearly independent of the halo density peak height. We present a simple model for the correlation between halo ellipticity and concentration using conditional abundance matching, and provide fitting formulae for the multi-dimensional distributions of triaxial halo shape as a function of halo peak height. We apply our halo shape model to gauge the effects of halo ellipticity and orientation bias on the excess surface mass density profiles in cluster-size halos. Our model should be useful for exploring the impact of triaxial halo shape on cosmological constraints in upcoming weak lensing surveys of galaxy clusters.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Matched to the published version on MNRAS
Holographic dual of the Standard Model on the throat
Creators: name: Cascales, Juan F. G.
name: Saad, Fouad
name: Uranga, Angel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply recent techniques to construct geometries, based on local Calabi-Yau manifolds, leading to warped throats with 3-form fluxes in string theory, with interesting structure at their bottom. We provide their holographic dual description in terms of RG flows for gauge theories with almost conformal duality cascades and infrared confinement. We describe a model of a throat with D-branes at its bottom, realizing a 3-family Standard Model like chiral sector. We provide the explicit holographic dual gauge theory RG flow, and describe the appearance of the SM degrees of freedom after confinement. As a second application, we describe throats within throats, namely warped throats with discontinuous warp factor in different regions of the radial coordinate, and discuss possible model building applications.
description: 46 pages, 21 figures, reference added
CMS Inner Tracker Detector Modules
Creators: name: Sguazzoni, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of silicon detector modules that will instrument the CMS Inner Tracker has nowadays reached 1300 units out of the approximately 3700 needed in total, with an overall yield close to 96%. A description of the module design, the assembly procedures and the qualification tests is given. The results of the quality assurance are presented and the experience gained is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at RESMDD04, 5th International Conference on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor Materials Detectors and Devices, October 2004, Florence, Italy
Essentially Ergodic Behaviour
Creators: name: Reichert, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I prove a theorem on the precise connection of the time and phase space average of the Boltzmann equilibrium showing that the behaviour of a dynamical system with a stationary measure and a dominant equilibrium state is qualitatively ergodic.
Price distortions on the Hungarian raw milk market
Creators: name: Voneki, Eva
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Voneki, Eva
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: market power
subject: dairy processing
subject: Hungary

description: The paper attempts to identify the impact of market power in the Hungarian milk chain. Since the conventional conjectural variation approach provides suspicious results the incentives to collude are discussed in an alternative framework. It is argued that the high degree of market transparency, the high frequency of interaction, the low number of large firms which could actually influence market prices, the threat of severe sanctions due to the under-utilization of processing capacities as well as opportunistic behavior make collusive behavior more likely than competitive behavior. The empirical evidence for the period 1998 to 2006 supports this view.
An ad-hoc social network generation approach
Creators: name: Tchendji, Maurice Tchoupé
name: Tchembé, Martin Xavier
name: Kakeu, Armelle Linda Maténé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of social networks is still confined to infrastructure-based networks such as the Internet. However, many situations (conferences, fairs, etc.) may require the implementation and rapid deployment of an ad-hoc application for disseminating information: we call this type of application, Ad-hoc Social Network. These applications are necessarily distributed, deployable on mobile units, etc. They therefore inevitably share the same characteristics as those inherent in ad-hoc mobile networks and make them good candidates for their deployment. In this paper, by using techniques from the field of generative programming, we propose an approach to produce environments for generating such applications from their specifications in a domain-specific language. By applying this approach, we have developed SMGenerator, an environment for generating mobile ad-hoc social network applications for Android devices. Moreover by using SMGenerator, we easily generated the ConfInfo application: an ad-hoc social network application for disseminating information to participants in a scientific manifestation.
description: 14 pages
How robust are indicator based poverty assessment tools over time? Empirical evidence from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Creators: name: Van Edig, Xenia
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Van Edig, Xenia
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: poverty assessment
subject: poverty indicators
subject: robustness over time
subject: Indonesia

description: Eradicating poverty is one of the most urgent concerns of development policies. Organisations aiming at reducing poverty need simple and stable tools to detect poor households. Using data from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, this study aims to test first whether two indicators sets for poverty assessment found in 2005 are still capable in predicting absolute poverty and second, if the indicator composition remains robust over time. Data from two household surveys were used: In 2005 we surveyed 264 households in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi to obtain indicators of poverty and to derive the daily per capita consumption expenditures. In total 280 indicators were sampled. Two different multivariate regression models were fit to this data-set. One model (Model 1) included all sampled indicators and the other one (Model 2) contained only easily verifiable indicators as ranked by local staff. Each of the models yielded a different set of 15 indicators that predicted poverty best. In 2007, we conducted an additional survey with the identical questionnaires in the same households. We used the data from 2007 to estimate the poverty status of the households with the indicators derived in 2005. Furthermore, we applied the same regression models again to detect changes in the indicator composition. In Central Sulawesi, almost 20% of the rural population was identified as being very poor in the years 2005 and 2007. Regarding the prediction power of the 2005 indicators we found that the prediction power for 2007 mainly was influenced by the error of over-predicting the poor. When re-estimating the models, the accuracy levels remained similar, but the indicator composition changed.
Additional file 15 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 15: Figure S11. Statistics of the annotation of unigenes in public databases.
Combining Renormalized Singles $GW$ Methods with the Bethe-Salpeter Equation for Accurate Neutral Excitation Energies
Creators: name: Li, Jiachen
name: Golze, Dorothea
name: Yang, Weitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the renormalized singles (RS) Green's function in the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE)/$GW$ approach to predict accurate neutral excitation energies of molecular systems. The BSE calculations are performed on top of the $G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ method, which uses the RS Green's function also for the computation of the screened Coulomb interaction $W$. We show that the BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ approach significantly outperforms BSE/$G_0W_0$ for predicting excitation energies of valence, Rydberg and charge transfer (CT) excitations by benchmarking the Truhlar-Gagliardi set, Stein CT set and an atomic Rydberg test set. For the Truhlar-Gagliardi test set, BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ provides comparable accuracy to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and is slightly better than BSE starting from eigenvalue self-consistent $GW$ (ev$GW$). For the Stein CT test set, BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ significantly outperforms BSE/$G_0W_0$ and TDDFT with the accuracy comparable to BSE/ev$GW$. We also show that BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ predicts Rydberg excitation energies of atomic systems well. Besides the excellent accuracy, BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ largely eliminates the dependence on the choice of the density functional approximation. This work demonstrates that the BSE/$G_{\text{RS}}W_{\text{RS}}$ approach is accurate and efficient for predicting excitation energies for a broad range of systems, which expands the applicability of the BSE/$GW$ approach.
Superconductivity, correlated insulators, and Wess-Zumino-Witten terms in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Christos, Maine
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on twisted bilayer graphene have shown a high-temperature parent state with massless Dirac fermions and broken electronic flavor symmetry; superconductivity and correlated insulators emerge from this parent state at lower temperatures. We propose that the superconducting and correlated insulating orders are connected by Wess-Zumino-Witten terms, so that defects of one order contain quanta of another order and skyrmion fluctuations of the correlated insulator are a "mechanism" for superconductivity. We present a comprehensive listing of plausible low-temperature orders, and the parent flavor symmetry breaking orders. The previously characterized topological nature of the band structure of twisted bilayer graphene plays an important role in this analysis.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 15 tables
Willingness to co-financing Collective Agricultural Marketing in Hungary
Creators: name: Toth, Aniko
name: Forgacs, Csaba
name: Ferto, Imre
name: Toth, Aniko
name: Forgacs, Csaba
name: Ferto, Imre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: collective actions
subject: collective agricultural marketing
subject: satisfaction

description: Research has been undertaken in Hungary asking representatives of food industrial companies, new-type co-operations, associations and other agents in connection with their trust to business partners, making collective actions and development of collective agricultural marketing (CAM). It has also been examined whether food industry businesses would undertake a larger amount of financing and a deeper involvement arranging CAM actions. Arguments were supposed to be found concerning their willingness of cooperation, propensity of investing their own money and involvement in activities of collective actions. Based on findings one can say that agents in the food industry are ready to take part in developing collective agricultural marketing and, they are open for co-financing collective actions. Having an increased budget of co-financing and using modern marketing tools backed by a mid term agricultural collective marketing strategy would ensure the competitiveness of food products and strengthening the patriot approach of consumers.
description: This is a contributed paper submitted to IAAE conference Beijing, August, 2009
Evasion of HSR in the charmless decays of excited $P$-wave charmonia
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Wu, Qi
name: Li, Gang
name: Xie, Ju-Jun
name: An, Chun-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the charmless decays of excited $P$-wave charmonia $χ_{c1}^\prime \to VV$ and $χ_{c2}^\prime \to VP$ via intermediate charmed meson loops, where $V$ and $P$ denote the light vector and pseudoscalar mesons, respectively. Within the model parameters, the charmed meson loop contributions are evaluated by using the effective Lagrangian approach. For $χ_{c1}^\prime \to VV$, the partial widths of the $ρρ$, $ωω$, and $K^*{\bar K}^*$ channels can reach to the order of MeV, while the partial width of the $ϕϕ$ channel is very small and in the order of keV. For $χ_{c2}^\prime \to V P$, the partial widths of $χ_{c2}^{\prime} \to K^\ast \bar{K}+c.c$ turns out to be sizeable, while the partial widths of $χ_{c2}^{\prime} \to ρ^+π^- +c.c$ is found to be much smaller than the $K^\ast \bar{K}+c.c$ channel. Our calculations may be examined by the future BESIII experiments.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Does heterogeneity in goals and preferences affect allocative and technical efficiency? A case study in Northern Nigeria
Creators: name: Berkhout, Ezra D.
name: Schipper, Robert A.
name: Kuyvenhoven, Arie
name: Coulibaly, Ousmane
name: Berkhout, Ezra D.
name: Schipper, Robert A.
name: Kuyvenhoven, Arie
name: Coulibaly, Ousmane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Heterogeneous behavior
subject: Efficiency analysis
subject: Smallholder agriculture
subject: Nigeria

description: Household characteristics are commonly used to explain variation in smallholder efficiency levels. The underlying assumption is that differences in intended behavior are well described by such variables, while there is no a priori reason that this is the case. Moreover, heterogeneity in farmer goals and preferences, in relation to the role of the farm enterprise, are not well documented in developing countries. This paper makes a contribution to fill this gap, by empirically determining heterogeneity in farmer goals and attitudes in Nigeria through a pair-wise ranking, supplemented with Likert scales. Factor analysis is used to reduce these data into behavioral factors. We estimate technical and allocative efficiency levels and analyze how these are related to farm characteristics and the identified behavioral factors. The models in which both intended behavior and farmer characteristics are included give a significantly better fit over models in which only household characteristics are included. These regression results suggest that the socio-economic environment affects efficiency levels both directly and indirectly, through changes in goals and attitudes. Additional research in rural areas of developing countries should establish how agricultural policies should account for this heterogeneity.
An ambitwistor Yang-Mills Lagrangian
Creators: name: Mason, L. J.
name: Skinner, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a Chern-Simons Lagrangian for Yang-Mills theory as formulated on ambitwistor space via the Ward, Isenberg, Yasskin, Green, Witten construction. The Lagrangian requires the selection of a codimension-2 Cauchy-Riemann submanifold which is naturally picked out by the choice of space-time reality structure and we focus on the choice of Euclidean signature. The action is shown to give rise to a space-time action that is equivalent to the standard one, but has just cubic vertices. We identify the ambitwistor propagators and vertices and work out their corresponding expressions on space-time and momentum space. It is proposed that this formulation of Yang-Mills theory underlies the recursion relations of Britto, Cachazo, Feng and Witten and provides the generating principle for twistor diagrams for gauge theory.
description: 13 pages
Additional file 16 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 16: Table S5. Summary of sequencing data quality for P. notoginseng.
Biofuel policies and the environment: the effects of biofuel feedstock production on climate, water quality and biodiversity
Creators: name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: life cycle analysis
subject: nutrient runoff
subject: herbicide runoff
subject: greenhouse gas emissions

description: In this paper we examine the multiple environmental effects of policies promoting biofuel production from agricultural crops. We develop theoretical and empirical frameworks and provide an integrated economic and ecological modelling approach: an economic model of farmers’ decision making is combined with a biophysical model predicting the effects of farming practices on crop yields and multiple environmental effects. The analysed environmental effects include GHG emissions over the life cycle, nitrogen and phosphorus runoff, herbicide runoff and the quality of wildlife habitats. Model is applied to crop production in Finland. We found that the overall environmental performance of alternative land use types is mainly driven by the value of CO2-eq emissions and nutrient runoff damage. Herbicide use intensity and resulting herbicide runoff damage have only a marginal effect on the environmental performance of alternative land use types. Incorporation of biodiversity benefits favour rape and reed canary grass over cereals. Social welfare ranking of alternative land use types is mainly driven by profitability of land use rather than the social valuation of environmental effects.
Green auctions versus uniform agri-environmental payments under heterogeneous conditions
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: bid
subject: joint environmental benefits
subject: score index value

description: This paper examines how jointness of environmental benefits and environmental heterogeneity affect auction designs and the potential benefits of green auctions over conventional flat-rate agri-environmental policies. A sealed bid green auction is used to promote an agri-environmental program with two environmental targets, nutrient runoff reduction and biodiversity provision. A score index comprising of environmental performance and the monetary size of bid is developed to rank the farmers’ applications. The green auction is analyzed analytically and then empirically by using Finnish data. An auction that screens according to the environmental score and another one with an additional cost-saving component are simulated in the context of two different conservation options based on whether enlarged field edges are located in whichever edge of a parcel, providing only biodiversity benefits or are located on the waterfront (buffer strip) providing joint benefits in terms of promoting biodiversity and reducing nitrogen runoff. Empirical results show that independently of whether the auction program supports simple enlargement of field edges or buffer strips, the green auction with the cost saving component has the highest social welfare performance, followed by the flat rate payment, followed in turn by the green auction ranking by environmental score. When environmental benefits are jointly produced by a practice the dominance, in welfare terms, of the green auction with cost-saving is further enhanced.
Salience of concerns about disease transmission affects attitudes toward ethnic foreigners
Creators: name: Faulkner, Jason
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The human mind evolved to avoid recurrent threats, one of them being the threat of interpersonal disease transmission. This could contribute to ethnic outgroup derogation in contemporary environments, since ethnic "foreign-ness" is a potential trigger of an evolved disease avoidance mechanism that motivates avoidance of contagiously diseased individuals. One hypothesis that emerges is that when susceptibility to contagious diseases is salient, individuals will express exclusionary attitudes toward subjectively foreign (but not familiar) ethnic groups. This hypothesis was tested in two experiments. In each experiment, some participants were made to feel susceptible to contagious diseases by viewing a series of pictures that conveyed the ease with which germs are transmitted in everyday life. In Study 1 , compared to a control condition, these participants endorsed immigration of a subjectively foreign group (Nigerians) to a lesser extent than immigration of a subjectively familiar group (Scottish people). In Study 2, participants in this condition also indicated that less money should be spent on recruiting immigrants from subjectively foreign locations (Nigeria, Mongolia, Brazil, and Peru) than on immigrants from subjectively familiar locations (Scotland, Taiwan, Poland, and Iceland). The results of these studies are consistent with the hypothesis that an evolved disease-avoidance mechanism contributes to exclusionary attitudes toward subjectively foreign ethnic groups.