cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking with Minkowski space integral representations
Creators: name: Sauli, V.
name: Adam, J.
name: Bicudo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fermion propagator is studied in the whole Minkowski space with the help of the Schwinger-Dyson equations. Various integral representations are employed to get solutions for the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry in different regimes of the coupling constant. In particular, in the case of massive boson, we extend the singularity structure of the fermion propagator to the two real pole Ansatz.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, published version in PRD
Η εικόνα της Βυζαντινής γυναίκας μέσα από τα δικαιοπρακτικά και υπαλληλικά έγγραφα (11ος – 15ος αι.)
Creators: name: Τσιρακίδης, Ιάκωβος Σεραφείμ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Κοινωνικοοικονομικός ρόλος των Βυζαντινών γυναικών
Δικαιοπρακτικά και υπαλληλικά έγγραφα
Βυζαντινή Κοινωνία 11ος-15ος αιώνας
Socioeconomic role of Byzantine women
Legal and administrative documents
Byzantine Society 11th-15th century

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας αποτελεί η μελέτη της εικόνας της Βυζαντινής γυναίκας στα δικαιοπρακτικά και υπαλληλικά έγγραφα που χρονολογούνται από τον 11ο έως και τον 15ο αιώνα. Αρχικά, εξετάζουμε τον ρόλο της γυναίκας εντός του πλαισίου της οικογένειας ως συζύγου, χήρας, μητέρας, κόρης και εκ πλαγίου συγγενούς, ανεξάρτητα από την κοινωνική της τάξη. Ακολούθως, παρουσιάζουμε την κοινωνικοοικονομική παρουσία της Βυζαντινής ανάλογα με την ένταξή της στην ταξική διαστρωμάτωση. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, μελετούμε τη γυναίκα της μεσαίας και εκείνη της κατώτερης κοινωνικής βαθμίδας ως αρχηγό αγροτικού κλήρου, εργαζόμενη, συμμέτοχο στην οικογενειακή μονάδα παραγωγής όπως και ως μοναχή και ηγουμένη. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζουμε τη γυναίκα αριστοκράτισσα ως κάτοχο και διαχειρίστρια περιουσίας, ως χορηγό και κτητόρισσα μοναστηριακών ιδρυμάτων καθώς και ως μοναχή. Εν γένει, ο πραγματικός ρόλος των γυναικών ήταν σημαντικότερος από τον προβλεπόμενο. Ανεξάρτητα από την τάξη στην οποία ανήκαν, οι γυναίκες κατείχαν αξιόλογη κοινωνικοοικονομική παρουσία τόσο εντός του πλαισίου της οικογένειας όσο και ευρύτερα στο κοινωνικό σύνολο.
description: The objective of this thesis is the study of the image of the Byzantine woman in the legal and administrative documents dating from the 11th to the 15th century. Initially, we examine the role of women within the family as wives, widows, mothers, daughters and lateral relatives, regardless of their social class. Subsequently, we present the socioeconomic presence of women according to their inclusion in the class stratification. More specifically, we study women of the middle and the lower social classes as heads of the agricultural household, workers, participants in the family production unit as well as nuns and abbesses. Τhereafter we examine women of the aristocracy as owners and managers of property, as sponsors and founders of monasteries and as nuns. In conclusion, the real role of women was more important than expected. Regardless of the class to which they belonged, women had a significant socioeconomic presence both within the family and in society.
High resolution imaging of the anomalous flux-ratio gravitational lens system CLASS B2045+265: Dark or luminous satellites?
Creators: name: McKean, J. P.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Flack, C. E.
name: Fassnacht, C. D.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Matthews, K.
name: Blandford, R. D.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Soifer, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of flux-ratio anomalies between fold and cusp images in galaxy-scale strong-lens systems has led to an interpretation based on the presence of a high mass-fraction of cold-dark-matter (CDM) substructures around galaxies, as predicted by numerical N-body simulations. The flux-ratio anomaly is particularly evident in the radio-loud quadruple gravitational lens system CLASS B2045+265. In this paper, new high-resolution radio, optical, and infrared imaging of B2045+265 is presented which sheds more light on this anomaly and its possible causes. First, deep Very Long Baseline Array observations show very compact images, possibly with a hint of a jet, but with no evidence for differential scattering or scatter broadening. Second, optical and infrared observations with the Hubble Space Telescope and through Adaptive-Optics imaging with the W. M. Keck Telescope, show a previously undiscovered object -- interpreted as a (tidally disrupted) dwarf satellite based on its colours and slight extension -- between the main lens galaxy and the three anomalous flux-ratio images. Third, colour variations in the early-type lens galaxy indicate recent star-formation, possibly the result of secondary infall of gas-rich satellites. A population of such galaxies around the lens system could explain the previously discovered strong [O II] emission. However, spiral structure and/or normal star formation in the lens galaxy cannot be excluded. In light of these new data, we propose a lens model for the system, including the observed dwarf satellite, which reproduces all positional and flux-ratio constraints, without the need for additional CDM substructure. [abridged]
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The rotation of a sedimenting anisotropic particle in a linearly stratified ambient
Creators: name: Varanasi, Arun Kumar
name: Marath, Navaneeth K.
name: Subramanian, Ganesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76T20

description: We derive the torque on a spheroid of an arbitrary aspect ratio $κ$ sedimenting in a linearly stratified ambient. The analysis demarcates regions in parameter space corresponding to broadside-on and edgewise (longside-on) settling in the limit $Re, Ri_v \ll 1$, where $Re = ρ_0UL/μ$ and $Ri_v =γL^3g/μU$, the Reynolds and viscous Richardson numbers, respectively, are dimensionless measures of the importance of inertial and buoyancy forces relative to viscous ones. Here, $L$ is the spheroid semi-major axis, $U$ an appropriate settling velocity scale, $μ$ the fluid viscosity, and $γ\,(>0)$ the (constant)\,density gradient characterizing the stably stratified ambient, with $ρ_0$ being the fluid density taken to be a constant within the Boussinesq framework. A reciprocal theorem formulation identifies three contributions to the torque: (1) an $O(Re)$ inertial contribution that already exists in a homogeneous ambient, and orients the spheroid broadside-on; (2) an $O(Ri_v)$ hydrostatic contribution due to the ambient linear stratification that also orients the spheroid broadside-on; and (3) a hydrodynamic contribution arising from the perturbation of the ambient stratification by the spheroid whose nature depends on $Pe$; $Pe = UL/D$ being the Peclet number with $D$ the diffusivity of the stratifying agent. For $Pe \gg 1$, the hydrodynamic contribution is $O(Ri_v^{\frac{2}{3}}$) in the Stokes stratification regime characterized by $Re \ll Ri_v^{\frac{1}{3}}$, and orients the spheroid edgewise regardless of $κ$. The differing orientation dependencies of the inertial and large-$Pe$ hydrodynamic stratification torques imply that the broadside-on and edgewise settling regimes are separated by two distinct $κ$-dependent critical curves in the $Ri_v/Re^{\frac{3}{2}}-κ$ plane. The predictions are consistent with recent experimental observations.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures
Path integral evaluation of the kinetic isotope effects based on the quantum instanton approximation
Creators: name: Vanicek, Jiri
name: Miller, William H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general method for computing kinetic isotope effects is described. The method uses the quantum-instanton approximation and is based on the thermodynamic integration with respect to the mass of the isotopes and on the path-integral Monte-Carlo evaluation of relevant thermodynamic quantities. The central ingredients of the method are the Monte-Carlo estimators for the logarithmic derivatives of the partition function and the delta-delta correlation function. Several alternative estimators for these quantities are described here and their merits are compared on the benchmark hydrogen-exchange reaction, H+H_2->H_2+H on the Truhlar-Kuppermann potential energy surface. Finally, a qualitative discussion of issues arising in many-dimensional systems is provided.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, proceedings
Additional file 6: of Genetic basis of heterosis for yield and yield components explored by QTL mapping across four genetic populations in upland cotton
Creators: name: Li, Cong
name: Zhao, Tianlun
name: Yu, Hurong
name: Li, Cheng
name: Deng, Xiaolei
name: Dong, Yating
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Mei, Lei
name: Chen, Jinhong
name: Zhu, Shuijin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S5. QTLs identified for yield and yield components in RILs, IF2s, HSBCF1s, MARBCF1s and their MPH datasets by using the CIM method. (PDF 668â kb)
Οι ναυτικές επιχειρήσεις των ευρωπαϊκών Δυνάμεων στη Μεσόγειο Θάλασσα κατά τους νεότερους χρόνους. Μία απόπειρα τυποποίησης
Creators: name: Τσιτσεκίδης, Ηρακλής Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Μεσόγειος Θάλασσα
Μαύρη Θάλασσα
Ναυτικές επιχειρήσεις
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
Naval operations

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία εξετάζονται οι ναυτικές επιχειρήσεις των μεσογειακών και μη Δυνάμεων στη Μεσόγειο και τη Μαύρη Θάλασσα κατά τους νεότερους χρό-νους (αρχές 16ου αιώνα), έως την ελληνική ανεξαρτησία και τυποποιούνται οι παρά-γοντες που προσδιόρισαν τη μορφή των δραστηριοτήτων αυτών στη μακρά διάρκεια, συγκεκριμένα στον χώρο της διπλωματίας, των πολεμικών συγκρούσεων, της οικονο-μίας, της τεχνολογίας και της ιδεολογίας. Κύριος στόχος της εργασίας, ο οποίος και επιτυγχάνεται, είναι η ανάδειξη των ναυτικών επιχειρήσεων της Μεσογείου και της Μαύρης Θάλασσας ως απολύτως αξιόπιστων δεικτών μελέτης των πολιτικών και οι-κονομικών ανακατατάξεων κατά τους Νεότερους Χρόνους, ιδιαίτερα της διείσδυσης, στη Μεσόγειο, νέων, ως επί το πλείστον, ευρωπαϊκών δυνάμεων, που έδρευαν εκτός των γεωγραφικών ορίων της, σε βάρος των παλαιών μεσογειακών. Μέσα από την ε-ξέταση των επιμέρους αλλαγών στην μορφή, τον χαρακτήρα και τους στόχους των ναυτικών επιχειρήσεων στην Μεσόγειο και τη Μαύρη Θάλασσα της περιόδου, ο ανα-γνώστης γίνεται μάρτυρας της μετάβασης από τη «μεσαιωνική», αυτοκυριαρχούμενη στη νεότερη «παγκοσμιοποιημένη» Μεσόγειο, όπου, όπως και στην περίπτωση της Μαύρης Θάλασσας, το πολιτικο-οικονομικό καθεστώς έχει αλλάξει αμετάκλητα. Η μελέτη έγινε με αποκλειστική χρήση βιβλιογραφίας
description: The present paper examines the naval operations of the Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean Powers in the Mediterranean and Black Sea during the Modern Times (early 16th century), until the Greek Independence and standardizes the factors that shaped these activities in the long term, specifically in the field of diplomacy, war conflicts, economy, technology and ideology. The main object of this paper, which has been fulfilled, is the designation of the naval operations in the Mediterra-nean and Black Sea as completely reliable indicators in the study of the political and economic rearrangements during the Modern Times, especially of the infiltration of new, mainly, European Powers, headquartered outside of the Mediterranean geo-graphical boundaries, in the Mediterranean, at the expense of the old Mediterranean ones. Through the study of the individual changes in the form, the character and the goals of the naval operations in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea of the period, the reader witnesses the transition from the «medieval», self-governed to the mod-ern, «globalized» Mediterranean Sea, where, as in the case of the Black Sea, the po-litical-economic regime has changed once and for all. The study was concluded by exclusive use of bibliography.
Hall instability: origin, properties, and asymptotic theory for its tearing mode
Creators: name: Kitchatinov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hall instability in electron magnetohydrodynamics is interpreted as the shear-Hall instability driven jointly by helicoidal oscillations and shear in the electron current velocity. This explanation suggests an antiparallel orientation of the background magnetic field and vorticity of the current velocity as the necessary condition for Hall instability. The condition is tested and generally confirmed by numerical computations in plane slab geometry. Unstable eigenmodes are localized in the spatial regions of the antiparallel field and vorticity. Computations of the tearing-type mode of the instability are complemented by (and generally agree with) asymptotic analytical estimations for large Hall numbers. The stabilizing effect of perfect conductor boundary conditions is found and explained. For large Hall numbers, the growth rates approach the power law dependence $σ\propto B^αη^{1-α}$ on the magnetic field ($B$) and diffusivity ($η$). Almost all computations give the power index $α= 3/4$ with one exception of the tearing-type mode with vacuum boundary conditions for which case $α= 2/3$.
description: Accepted in Journal of Plasma Physics
Nanotrapping and the thermodynamics of optical tweezers
Creators: name: Singer, W.
name: Nieminen, T. A.
name: Heckenberg, N. R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles that can be trapped in optical tweezers range from tens of microns down to tens of nanometres in size. Interestingly, this size range includes large macromolecules. We show experimentally, in agreement with theoretical expectations, that optical tweezers can be used to manipulate single molecules of polyethylene oxide suspended in water. The trapped molecules accumulate without aggregating, so this provides optical control of the concentration of macromolecules in solution. Apart from possible applications such as the micromanipulation of nanoparticles, nanoassembly, microchemistry, and the study of biological macromolecules, our results also provide insight into the thermodynamics of optical tweezers.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, presented at 17th AIP Congress, Brisbane, 2006
Alday-Maldacena duality and AdS Plateau problem
Creators: name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short summary of approximate approach to the study of minimal surfaces in AdS, based on solving Nambu-Goto equations iteratively. Today, after partial denunciation of the BDS conjecture, this looks like the only constructive approach to understanding the ways of its possible modification and thus to saving the Alday-Maldacena duality. Numerous open technical problems are explicitly formulated throughout the text.
description: Contribution to Proceedings of Osaka workshop, OCU, December 2007
Συγκριτική μελέτη της ποιότητας του ατμοσφαιρικού αέρα στην Αθήνα και την Θεσσαλονίκη
Creators: name: Μπουφίδου, Φιλοθέη Φιλίππου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ποιότητα ατμόσφαιρας
Αθήνα
Θεσσαλονίκη
Air quality
Athens
Thessaloniki

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία γίνεται σύγκριση της ποιότητας του ατμοσφαιρικού αέρα ανάμεσα στην Αθήνα και την Θεσσαλονίκη και ερευνάται η συσχέτιση των συγκεντρώσεων των ρύπων SO2, ΝΟ, ΝΟ2, CO, O3, PM10 και PM2.5 με τις επικρατούσες μετεωρολογικές συνθήκες, την επιφανειακή θερμοκρασία, την σχετική υγρασία επιφανείας, την ταχύτητα και τη διεύθυνση του ανέμου. Τα δεδομένα προέρχονται από σταθμούς μέτρησης της ατμοσφαιρικής ρύπανσης της Αθήνας (ΕΔΠΑΡ) και της Θεσσαλονίκης (Δίκτυο Ελέγχου Ατμοσφαιρικής Ρύπανσης του Δήμου Θεσσαλονίκης). Μέσα από την ανάλυση προκύπτουν συμπεράσματα για την εποχική διακύμανση των συγκεντρώσεων των ρύπων στις δύο πόλεις και την επίδραση που έχουν οι μετεωρολογικές παράμετροι σε κάθε ρύπο, για το διάστημα 2014-2016. Παρατηρούνται ακραία επεισόδια ρύπανσης σωματιδίων PM2.5 και PM10 στις περιοχές μελέτης, τα οποία είναι συνυφασμένα με νότιους και νοτιοδυτικούς ανέμους στην Αθήνα και με δυτικούς ή νοτιοανατολικούς ανέμους στην Θεσσαλονίκη. Ακόμη, γίνεται μία προσπάθεια κατανόησης των «ακραίων» συμβάντων ατμοσφαιρικής ρύπανσης, με τις μέγιστες 10% και τις ελάχιστες 10% συγκεντρώσεις των ρύπων να συσχετίζονται με τις αντίστοιχες τιμές των μετεωρολογικών συνθηκών. Προκύπτει ότι οι μέγιστες 10% συγκεντρώσεις των PM2.5, PM10, CO και ΝΟ σχετίζονται με αυξημένη υγρασία και χαμηλές ταχύτητες ανέμου.
description: This study compares the quality of the atmospheric air between Athens and Thessaloniki and investigates the correlation of the pollutants’s concentrations of SO2, ΝΟ, ΝΟ2, CO, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 with the prevailing meteorological conditions, the surface temperature, the relative surface humidity, the wind speed and direction. The data derive from air pollution measuring stations in Athens (EDPAR) and Thessaloniki (Air Pollution Control Network of the Municipality of Thessaloniki). Through the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the seasonal variation of the concentrations of pollutants in the two cities and the effect that the meteorological parameters have on each pollutant, for the period 2014-2016. Extreme episodes of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate pollution are observed in the study areas, which are interwoven with south and southwest winds in Athens and with west or southeast winds in Thessaloniki. Furthermore, an attempt is made to understand the "extreme" events of air pollution, with the maximum 10% and the minimum 10% concentrations of pollutants being correlated with the corresponding values of the meteorological conditions. It turns out that the maximum 10% concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, CO and NO are associated with increased humidity and low wind speeds.
Quality at a Glance: An Audit of Web-Crawled Multilingual Datasets
Creators: name: Kreutzer, Julia
name: Caswell, Isaac
name: Wang, Lisa
name: Wahab, Ahsan
name: van Esch, Daan
name: Ulzii-Orshikh, Nasanbayar
name: Tapo, Allahsera
name: Subramani, Nishant
name: Sokolov, Artem
name: Sikasote, Claytone
name: Setyawan, Monang
name: Sarin, Supheakmungkol
name: Samb, Sokhar
name: Sagot, Benoît
name: Rivera, Clara
name: Rios, Annette
name: Papadimitriou, Isabel
name: Osei, Salomey
name: Suarez, Pedro Ortiz
name: Orife, Iroro
name: Ogueji, Kelechi
name: Rubungo, Andre Niyongabo
name: Nguyen, Toan Q.
name: Müller, Mathias
name: Müller, André
name: Muhammad, Shamsuddeen Hassan
name: Muhammad, Nanda
name: Mnyakeni, Ayanda
name: Mirzakhalov, Jamshidbek
name: Matangira, Tapiwanashe
name: Leong, Colin
name: Lawson, Nze
name: Kudugunta, Sneha
name: Jernite, Yacine
name: Jenny, Mathias
name: Firat, Orhan
name: Dossou, Bonaventure F. P.
name: Dlamini, Sakhile
name: de Silva, Nisansa
name: Ballı, Sakine Çabuk
name: Biderman, Stella
name: Battisti, Alessia
name: Baruwa, Ahmed
name: Bapna, Ankur
name: Baljekar, Pallavi
name: Azime, Israel Abebe
name: Awokoya, Ayodele
name: Ataman, Duygu
name: Ahia, Orevaoghene
name: Ahia, Oghenefego
name: Agrawal, Sweta
name: Adeyemi, Mofetoluwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the success of large-scale pre-training and multilingual modeling in Natural Language Processing (NLP), recent years have seen a proliferation of large, web-mined text datasets covering hundreds of languages. We manually audit the quality of 205 language-specific corpora released with five major public datasets (CCAligned, ParaCrawl, WikiMatrix, OSCAR, mC4). Lower-resource corpora have systematic issues: At least 15 corpora have no usable text, and a significant fraction contains less than 50% sentences of acceptable quality. In addition, many are mislabeled or use nonstandard/ambiguous language codes. We demonstrate that these issues are easy to detect even for non-proficient speakers, and supplement the human audit with automatic analyses. Finally, we recommend techniques to evaluate and improve multilingual corpora and discuss potential risks that come with low-quality data releases.
description: Accepted at TACL; pre-MIT Press publication version
The Stability of the Point Spread Function of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope and Implications for Weak Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Rhodes, Jason D.
name: Massey, Richard
name: Albert, Justin
name: Collins, Nicholas
name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Gardner, Jonathan P.
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Mellier, Yannick
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Taylor, James E.
name: Van Waerbeke, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We examine the spatial and temporal stability of the HST ACS Wide Field Camera (WFC) point spread function (PSF) using the two square degree COSMOS survey. We show that stochastic aliasing of the PSF necessarily occurs during `drizzling'. This aliasing is maximal if the output pixel scale is equal to the input pixel scale of 0.05''. We show that this source of PSF variation can be significantly reduced by choosing a Gaussian drizzle kernel and by setting the output pixel size to 0.03''. We show that the PSF is temporally unstable, most likely due to thermal fluctuations in the telescope's focus. We find that the primary manifestation of this thermal drift in COSMOS images is an overall slow periodic focus change. Using a modified version of TinyTim, we create undistorted stars in a 30x30 grid across the ACS WFC CCDs. These PSF models are created for telescope focus values in the range -10 microns to +5 microns, thus spanning the allowed range of telescope focus values. We then use the approximately ten well measured stars in each COSMOS field to pick the best-fit focus value for each field. The TinyTim model stars are then used to perform PSF corrections for weak lensing allowing systematics due to incorrectly modeled PSFs to be greatly reduced. We have made the software for PSF modeling using our modified version of TinyTim available to the astronomical community. We show the effects of Charge Transfer Efficiency (CTE) degradation, which distorts the object in the readout direction, mimicking a weak lensing signal. We derive a parametric correction for the effect of CTE on the shapes of objects in the COSMOS field as a function of observation date, position within the ACS WFC field, and object flux.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for the COSMOS ApJ Suppl. special issue
Optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate
Creators: name: Ma, Jinyong
name: Guccione, Giovanni
name: Lecamwasam, Ruvi
name: Qin, Jiayi
name: Campbell, Geoff T.
name: Buchler, Ben C.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photothermal effects can alter the response of an optical cavity, for example, by inducing self-locking behavior or unstable anomalies. The consequences of these effects are often regarded as parasitic and generally cause limited operational performance of the cavity. Despite their importance, however, photothermal parameters are usually hard to characterize precisely. In this work we use an optical cavity strongly coupled to photothermal effects to experimentally observe an optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate. This effect, reminiscent of the radiation-pressure-induced optical spring effect in cavity optomechanical systems, uses optical detuning as a fine control to change the photothermal relaxation process. The photothermal relaxation rate of the system can be accordingly modified by more than an order of magnitude. This approach offers an opportunity to obtain precise in-situ estimations of the parameters of the cavity, in a way that is compatible with a wide range of optical resonator platforms. Through this back-action effect we are able to determine the natural photothermal relaxation rate and the effective thermal conductivity of the cavity mirrors with unprecedented resolution.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Exact spin dynamics of the 1/r^2 supersymmetric t-J model in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Arikawa, Mitsuhiro
name: Saiga, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical spin structure factor S^{zz}(Q,omega) in the small momentum region is derived analytically for the one-dimensional supersymmetric t-J model with 1/r^2 interaction. Strong spin-charge separation is found in the spin dynamics. The structure factor S^{zz}(Q,omega) with a given spin polarization does not depend on the electron density in the small momentum region. In the thermodynamic limit, only two spinons and one antispinon (magnon) contribute to S^{zz}(Q,omega). These results are derived via solution of the SU(2,1) Sutherland model in the strong coupling limit.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in J.Phys.A
Μέσα προστασίας των πιστωτών της Ι.Κ.Ε.
Creators: name: Δούκη, Αρετή Απόστολου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Απουσία κεφαλαιακής απαίτησης
Προστασία των πιστωτών
Εγγυητικές εισφορές
Absence of capital requirement
Creditors’ protection
Guarantee contributions

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η μελέτη των εναλλακτικών μέσων προστασίας των πιστωτών της Ιδιωτικής Κεφαλαιουχικής Εταιρίας. Αρχικά, εξετάσαμε τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά της τελευταίας, τα σημαντικότερα εκ των οποίων είναι η δυνατότητα σύστασης της Ιδιωτικής Κεφαλαιουχικής Εταιρίας χωρίς κεφάλαιο, η διάσταση μεταξύ της πραγματικής και καταστατικής της έδρας αλλά και η αυξημένη εταιρική διαφάνεια. Επιπλέον, αναφερθήκαμε στην καινοτόμο τριμερή διάκριση των εισφορών της Ιδιωτικής Κεφαλαιουχικής Εταιρίας σε κεφαλαιακές, εξωκεφαλαιακές και εγγυητικές εισφορές. Ειδικά ως προς τις τελευταίες, ασχοληθήκαμε με τη χρησιμότητά τους ως εναλλακτικού μηχανισμού προστασίας των πιστωτών. Επιπλέον, μελετήσαμε και τα επιπρόσθετα μέτρα προστασίας των πιστωτών. Τέτοιου είδους μέτρα αποτελούν οι διατυπώσεις δημοσιότητας των στοιχείων της εταιρίας, η επιμελής άσκηση των καθηκόντων του διαχειριστή της εταιρίας, κυρίως μέσω των δοκιμών φερεγγυότητας τόσο στις περιπτώσεις συμβάσεων μεταξύ εταιρίας και εταίρων όσο και στην επαπειλούμενη αδυναμία εκπλήρωσης των οφειλών της εταιρίας αλλά και η παροχή δυνατότητας υποβολής αντιρρήσεων από τους πιστωτές σε πληθώρα περιπτώσεων. Τέλος, αναφερθήκαμε στο κενό προστασίας όσον αφορά στους αδύναμους πιστωτές και αναδείξαμε τους εναλλακτικούς τρόπους προστασίας τους.
description: The aim of the present thesis is the study of the alternative means of creditors’ protection in Private Company. Initially, we examined the main features of the latter, the most important of which are the possibility of establishing a Private Company without capital, the difference between the actual and statutory seat of the company, and the increased corporate transparency. In addition, we referred to the innovative tripartite distinction of Private Company contributions to capital, non-capital and guarantee contributions. Especially with regard to the latter, we analyzed their usefulness as an alternative creditors’ protection mechanism. Furthermore, we studied the additional creditors’ protection measures. Such measures are the formalities of company’s data disclosure, the diligent exercise of the company’s manager duties, − mainly through solvency tests both in cases of contracts between company and partners and the threatened inability to fulfill the company's debts − and lastly, the possibility of creditors’ objections in a variety of cases. Finally, we reported the protection gap with regard to weak creditors and highlighted alternative ways of their protection.
Predicting the size and probability of epidemics in a population with heterogeneous infectiousness and susceptibility
Creators: name: Miller, Joel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We analytically address disease outbreaks in large, random networks with heterogeneous infectivity and susceptibility. The transmissibility $T_{uv}$ (the probability that infection of $u$ causes infection of $v$) depends on the infectivity of $u$ and the susceptibility of $v$. Initially a single node is infected, following which a large-scale epidemic may or may not occur. We use a generating function approach to study how heterogeneity affects the probability that an epidemic occurs and, if one occurs, its attack rate (the fraction infected). For fixed average transmissibility, we find upper and lower bounds on these. An epidemic is most likely if infectivity is homogeneous and least likely if the variance of infectivity is maximized. Similarly, the attack rate is largest if susceptibility is homogeneous and smallest if the variance is maximized. We further show that heterogeneity in infectious period is important, contrary to assumptions of previous studies. We confirm our theoretical predictions by simulation. Our results have implications for control strategy design and identification of populations at higher risk from an epidemic.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Το νομικό καθεστώς των διεθνών ποταμών: η περιβαλλοντική σκοπιά
Creators: name: Γιανναρού, Ευανθία-Εμμανουέλα Aλέξανδρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Διεθνείς ποταμοί
Περιβάλλον
Διεθνές δίκαιο
International rivers
Environment
International law

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής ήταν η μελέτη του νομικού καθεστώτος που πλαισιώνει τους διεθνείς ποταμούς και η περιβαλλοντική διάσταση αυτού. Για τους διεθνείς ποταμούς και την περιβαλλοντική τους προστασία έχουν υιοθετηθεί πολλά νομικά εργαλεία, τόσο σε διεθνές όσο και σε ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο. Εξετάσαμε και παρουσιάσαμε τα σημαντικότερα από αυτά. Η σημασία των διεθνών ποταμών, ως μέρος των γλυκών υδάτινων πόρων, για τις ανθρώπινες κοινωνίες και η ανάγκη προστασίας τους έχουν αναγνωριστεί επανειλημμένως από διεθνείς οργανισμούς και κυρίαρχα κράτη που δεσμεύονται στα πλαίσια του διεθνούς περιβαλλοντικού δικαίου, μεταξύ άλλων. Αυτό αντανακλάται αφενός στο πλήθος διεθνών και περιφερειακών συμβάσεων, συμφωνιών και κειμένων σχετικά με το δίκαιο των διεθνών ποταμών που έχουν υιοθετηθεί τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες από τα κράτη, το οποίο ακολουθεί κατά κύριο λόγο τις εξελίξεις του διεθνούς περιβαλλοντικού δικαίου και τις βασικές αρχές αυτού, αφετέρου στη διεθνή πρακτική όπως αυτή παρουσιάζεται μέσα από τη νομολογία διεθνών και διαιτητικών οργάνων.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the legal regime that constitutes the law of the international rivers, focusing on the environmental aspect of it. There have been plenty of legal instruments regarding the international rivers and their environmental protection, both in international and european levels. We examined and presented the most important ones. The importance of the international rivers, as part of the fresh water resources, for the societies, as well as the need for their protection have been recognised numerous times from international organisations and sovereign states, binded by the international environmental law, among others. This reflects, firstly, to the numerous international and regional conventions, agreements and texts regarding the law of the international rivers that have been adopted by the states throughout the last decades, which follow the developments of the international environmental law and its basic principles, and secondly, to the application by the international courts and arbitrary instruments, as it shows in their judgements.
Additional file 1 of A prediction model for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Huang, Dong
name: Yang, Huan
name: Yu, He
name: Wang, Ting
name: Chen, Zhu
name: Yao, Rong
name: Liang, Zongan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Comparisons of clinical baseline characteristics between training set and testing set. Figure S1. LASSO regression selection for MACE in training set. Figure S2. The calibration curve of nomogram in Wuhan subgroup. Figure S3. The DCA of nomogram in Wuhan subgroup. Figure S4. The calibration curve of nomogram in Sichuan subgroup. Figure S5. The DCA of nomogram in Sichuan subgroup.
S2AND: A Benchmark and Evaluation System for Author Name Disambiguation
Creators: name: Subramanian, Shivashankar
name: King, Daniel
name: Downey, Doug
name: Feldman, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Author Name Disambiguation (AND) is the task of resolving which author mentions in a bibliographic database refer to the same real-world person, and is a critical ingredient of digital library applications such as search and citation analysis. While many AND algorithms have been proposed, comparing them is difficult because they often employ distinct features and are evaluated on different datasets. In response to this challenge, we present S2AND, a unified benchmark dataset for AND on scholarly papers, as well as an open-source reference model implementation. Our dataset harmonizes eight disparate AND datasets into a uniform format, with a single rich feature set drawn from the Semantic Scholar (S2) database. Our evaluation suite for S2AND reports performance split by facets like publication year and number of papers, allowing researchers to track both global performance and measures of fairness across facet values. Our experiments show that because previous datasets tend to cover idiosyncratic and biased slices of the literature, algorithms trained to perform well on one on them may generalize poorly to others. By contrast, we show how training on a union of datasets in S2AND results in more robust models that perform well even on datasets unseen in training. The resulting AND model also substantially improves over the production algorithm in S2, reducing error by over 50% in terms of $B^3$ F1. We release our unified dataset, model code, trained models, and evaluation suite to the research community. https://github.com/allenai/S2AND/
Σχεδίαση βαθιών νευρωνικών δικτύων για το πρόβλημα του επιμερισμού ηλεκτρικής ισχύος
Creators: name: Βιρτσιώνης-Γκαλινίκης, Νικόλαος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Καταμερισμός Ηλεκτρικής Ισχύος
Βαθιά Νευρωνικά Δίκτυα
Μη Παρεμβατική Παρακολούθηση Φορτίου
Energy Disaggregation
Deep Neural Networks
Non Intrusive Load Monitoring

description: Ως καταμερισμός ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας ορίζεται ο διαχωρισμός των δεδομένων ηλεκτρικής κατανάλωσης των συσκευών από την συνολική κατανάλωση ενός συστήματος, η οποία προέρχεται από μετρήσεις ενός κεντρικού μετρητή και χωρίς την χρήση ξεχωριστών μετρητών σε κάθε μία συσκευή. Λόγω της ραγδαίας εξέλιξης της βαθιά μάθησης την τελευταία δεκαετία, έχουν προταθεί πολλές τεχνικές επίλυσης του συγκεκριμένου προβλήματος με την χρήση τεχνητών νευρωνικών δικτύων. Αν και ο μεγαλύτερος όγκος της έρευνας συγκεντρώνεται στην βελτίωση της απόδοσης και των αποτελεσμάτων των τεχνικών, ο στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι ο σχεδιασμός ενός βαθιού νευρωνικού δικτύου που δεν έχει μεγάλες ανάγκες σε υπολογιστική ισχύ και βασίζεται στον μηχανισμό της “προσοχής” (attention). Η εκτενής ανάλυση που ακολουθεί παρουσιάζει τον τρόπο υλοποίησης του προτεινόμενου μοντέλου και συγκρίνει την απόδοση δύο επιπέδων τύπου “προσοχής” στο πρόβλημα του καταμερισμού της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Η νέα προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική πετυχαίνει γρήγορους χρόνους εκπαίδευσης και παρεμβολής με αντάλλαγμα μία μικρή πτώση της απόδοσης, σε σύγκριση με ένα state-of-the-art μοντέλο με αρκετά υψηλότερο υπολογιστικό κόστος.
description: Energy disaggregation refers to the separation of appliance-level data from an aggregate energy signal originated from a single-meter, without the use of any other device-specific sensors. Due to the fact that deep learning caught great attention in the last decade, numerous techniques using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been developed to accomplish this task. Whereas most of the current research focuses on achieving better performance, the goal of this paper is to design a computationally light deep neural network based on attention mechanism. A thorough analysis shows how the proposed model is implemented and compares the performance of two different attention layers in the problem of energy disaggregation. The novel architecture achieves fast training and inference with minor performance trade-off when compared against other computationally expensive state-of-the-art models.
Follow-the-Regularized-Leader Routes to Chaos in Routing Games
Creators: name: Bielawski, Jakub
name: Chotibut, Thiparat
name: Falniowski, Fryderyk
name: Kosiorowski, Grzegorz
name: Misiurewicz, Michał
name: Piliouras, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74H65, 91A13, 68W27, 37B40

description: We study the emergence of chaotic behavior of Follow-the-Regularized Leader (FoReL) dynamics in games. We focus on the effects of increasing the population size or the scale of costs in congestion games, and generalize recent results on unstable, chaotic behaviors in the Multiplicative Weights Update dynamics to a much larger class of FoReL dynamics. We establish that, even in simple linear non-atomic congestion games with two parallel links and any fixed learning rate, unless the game is fully symmetric, increasing the population size or the scale of costs causes learning dynamics to become unstable and eventually chaotic, in the sense of Li-Yorke and positive topological entropy. Furthermore, we show the existence of novel non-standard phenomena such as the coexistence of stable Nash equilibria and chaos in the same game. We also observe the simultaneous creation of a chaotic attractor as another chaotic attractor gets destroyed. Lastly, although FoReL dynamics can be strange and non-equilibrating, we prove that the time average still converges to an exact equilibrium for any choice of learning rate and any scale of costs.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
New charmonium-like states
Creators: name: Yabsley, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years the B-factories and other machines have found evidence for a large number of new states with hidden charm: candidate h_c(1P), eta_c(2S), and chi_{c2}(2P) states; the well-established X(3872); enhancements called X(3940), Y(3940), and Y(4260); and a new structure at 4350 MeV. Various conventional-charmonium and more exotic interpretations of these data have been proposed. In this talk we review the current state of the experimental evidence and the prospects for clarifying the spectrum.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings of Beauty 2006
Open boundary Quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation and the weighted enumeration of Plane Partitions with symmetries
Creators: name: Di Francesco, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose new conjectures relating sum rules for the polynomial solution of the qKZ equation with open (reflecting) boundaries as a function of the quantum parameter $q$ and the $τ$-enumeration of Plane Partitions with specific symmetries, with $τ=-(q+q^{-1})$. We also find a conjectural relation à la Razumov-Stroganov between the $τ\to 0$ limit of the qKZ solution and refined numbers of Totally Symmetric Self Complementary Plane Partitions.
description: 27 pages, uses lanlmac, epsf and hyperbasics, minor revisions
Additional file 9: of Genetic basis of heterosis for yield and yield components explored by QTL mapping across four genetic populations in upland cotton
Creators: name: Li, Cong
name: Zhao, Tianlun
name: Yu, Hurong
name: Li, Cheng
name: Deng, Xiaolei
name: Dong, Yating
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Mei, Lei
name: Chen, Jinhong
name: Zhu, Shuijin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S8. Epistatic effects and environmental interactions detected for yield and yield components in RIL, IF2 and two BCF1 datasets using the ICIM method. (PDF 648 kb)
Twisted Poincare duality for some quadratic Poisson algebras
Creators: name: Launois, S.
name: Richard, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B63, 17B55, 17B37, 16E40

description: We exhibit a Poisson module restoring a twisted Poincare duality between Poisson homology and cohomology for the polynomial algebra R=C[X_1,...,X_n] endowed with Poisson bracket arising from a uniparametrised quantum affine space. This Poisson module is obtained as the semiclassical limit of the dualising bimodule for Hochschild homology of the corresponding quantum affine space. As a corollary we compute the Poisson cohomology of R, and so retrieve a result obtained by direct methods (so completely different from ours) by Monnier.
description: 17 pages. Few misprints corrected in the new version
Matching the Local and Cosmic Star Formation Histories
Creators: name: Drozdovsky, Igor
name: Hopkins, Andrew M.
name: Aparicio, Antonio
name: Gallart, Carme
name: team, the LCID
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the many recent advances in our understanding of the star formation history (SFH) of the Local Group and other nearby galaxies, and in the evolution of star formation with redshift, we present a new comparison of the comoving space density of the star formation rate as a function of look-back time for the Local and Distant Universe. We update the Local SFH derived from the analysis of resolved stellar populations (``fossil records'') in individual nearby galaxies, based on our own estimations as well as available in the literature. While the preliminary comparison of SFHs is found to be broadly consistent, some discrepancies still remain, including an excess of the Local SFR density in the most recent epoch.
description: 4 pages, slightly revised version from a contribution to 'Galaxies in the Local Volume', Sydney, 8 - 13 July 2007, B. Koribalski and H. Jerjen, eds
Experimental Demonstration of Underwater Decoy-state Quantum Key Distribution with All-optical Transmission
Creators: name: Yu, Yonghe
name: Li, Wendong
name: Wei, Yu
name: Yang, Yang
name: Dong, Shanchuan
name: Qian, Tian
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Zhu, Qiming
name: Zheng, Shangshuai
name: Zhang, Xinjian
name: Gu, Yongjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the underwater quantum key distribution (UWQKD) over a 10.4-meter Jerlov type III seawater channel by building a complete UWQKD system with all-optical transmission of quantum signals, synchronization signal and classical communication signal. The wavelength division multiplexing and the space-time-wavelength filtering technology are applied to ensure that the optical signals do not interfere with each other. The system is controlled by FPGA, and can be easily integrated into watertight cabins to perform field experiment. By using the decoy-state BB84 protocol with polarization encoding, we obtain a secure key rate of 1.82Kbps and an error rate of 1.55% at the attenuation of 13.26dB. We prove that the system can tolerate the channel loss up to 23.7dB, therefore may be used in the 300-meter-long Jerlov type I clean seawater channel.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Roadway land costs: a case study of provincially-funded roads in the Greater Vancouver region
Creators: name: Bagh, Signe K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Decisions made regarding road building have far-flung consequences. Spending money on roads means that other public goals such as farmland preservation, air quality improvement and provision of housing may be frustrated. In order for knowledgeable land-use decisions to be made, the full cost of roads needs to be examined. This thesis explores the issue of roadway land costs from a professional planning point of view. A method for calculating roadway land costs is developed and is then applied to provincially-funded roads in the Greater Vancouver region. The case study revealed that annual provincial roadway land costs amount to approximately $162 per automobile. Limited supplies of land and limited financial resources suggest that it may be time to examine approaches that would make it less necessary to add capacity to the existing road network. Expenditures on roads can be reduced by shifting from current "supply side" tactics. This thesis suggests various policies that could be enacted to effect such a change.