cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring Halo Substructure with Giant Stars. VI. Extended Distributions of Giant Stars Around the Carina Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy -- How Reliable Are They?
Creators: name: Majewski, S. R.
name: Frinchaboy, P. M.
name: Kunkel, W. E.
name: Link, R.
name: Munoz, R. R.
name: Ostheimer, J. C.
name: Palma, C.
name: Patterson, R. J.
name: Geisler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the existence of active tidal disruption around various dSph galaxies remains controversial. That debate often centers on the nature (bound vs. unbound) of extended populations of stars. However, the more fundamental issue of the very existence of the extended populations is still contentious. We present an evaluation of the debate centering on one particular dSph, Carina, for which claims both for and against the existence of stars beyond the King radius have been made. Our review includes an examination of all previous studies bearing on the Carina radial profile and shows that the survey method which achieves the highest detected dSph signal-to-background in the outer parts of the galaxy is the Washington M, T2 + DDO51 (MTD) filter approach from Paper II in this series. We then address statistical methods used to evaluate the reliability of MTD surveys in the presence of photometric errors and for which a new, a posteriori statistical analysis methodology is provided. Finally, these statistical methods are tested by new spectroscopy of stars in the MTD-selected Carina candidate sample. Of 74 candidate giants with follow-up spectroscopy, the MTD technique identified 61 new Carina members, including 8 stars outside the King radius. From a sample of 29 stars not initially identified as candidate Carina giants but that lie just outside of our selection criteria, 12 have radial velocities consistent with membership, including 5 extratidal stars. Carina is shown to have an extended population of giant stars extending to a major axis radius of 40' (1.44x the nominal King radius).
description: 56 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to the Astronomical Journal, 2004 Sep 27
Typilus: Neural Type Hints
Creators: name: Allamanis, Miltiadis
name: Barr, Earl T.
name: Ducousso, Soline
name: Gao, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Type inference over partial contexts in dynamically typed languages is challenging. In this work, we present a graph neural network model that predicts types by probabilistically reasoning over a program's structure, names, and patterns. The network uses deep similarity learning to learn a TypeSpace -- a continuous relaxation of the discrete space of types -- and how to embed the type properties of a symbol (i.e. identifier) into it. Importantly, our model can employ one-shot learning to predict an open vocabulary of types, including rare and user-defined ones. We realise our approach in Typilus for Python that combines the TypeSpace with an optional type checker. We show that Typilus accurately predicts types. Typilus confidently predicts types for 70% of all annotatable symbols; when it predicts a type, that type optionally type checks 95% of the time. Typilus can also find incorrect type annotations; two important and popular open source libraries, fairseq and allennlp, accepted our pull requests that fixed the annotation errors Typilus discovered.
description: Accepted to PLDI 2020
A MODEL OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AFRICAN HORSE SICKNESS TO THE EQUINE BREEDING INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Creators: name: Brooks, Laura
name: Brooks, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: African horse sickness
subject: economic impact
subject: South Africa

description: A deterministic model for the economic impact of African Horse Sickness (AHS) on the equine breeding industry was developed for South Africa. It was applied to the case of the 2007/2008 outbreak of AHS in the Eastern Cape as a pilot application of the model, using data from breeders in the province. It was concluded that the deterministic model’s extension to include other areas of equine livelihoods could be effective in exposing the need for further research into the control and treatment of AHS in South Africa.
A Coleção, a Pesquisa e a Comunicação Científicas como Formas de Sociabilidade de um Museu: o caso da coordenação de ciências humanas do Museu
Creators: name: Núcleo Multidimensional De Gestão Do Patrimônio E De Documentação Em Museus (NUGEP) Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro (UNIRIO)
name: Benchimol, Alegria
name: Rocha, Luisa Maria Gomes De Mattos
name: Chalhub, Tania
name: Gonçalves, Ana Lúcia Ferreira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Museology
subject: 210204 Museum Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Pesquisa descritiva acerca das mudanças das “formas de sociabilidade” no Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), analisando comparativamente as passagens dos séculos XIX-XX e XX-XXI. O objetivo geral foi investigar as “formas de sociabilidade” com base no tripé coleção, pesquisa e publicação da Instituição. A metodologia de caráter quali-quantitativo utilizou as pesquisas documental, bibliográfica e de campo, e como técnicas de coleta de dados a aplicação de questionários e levantamento da produção científica na Plataforma Lattes dos pesquisadores doutores da Coordenação de Ciências Humanas (CCH) do MPEG. Os resultados mostram que houve mudanças nas formas de sociabilidade ao longo do tempo e que, especificamente, no MPEG, o entrelaçamento entre coleta, pesquisa e publicação se revelou consistente.
Referência eletrônica do artigo:
ROCHA, Luisa Maria Gomes de Mattos; BENCHIMOL, Alegria; CHALHUB, Tania; GONÇALVES, Ana Lúcia Ferreira. A coleção, a pesquisa e a comunicação científicas como formas de sociabilidade de um museu: o caso da coordenação de ciências humanas do museu. In: Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação, n. XVII, 2016, Salvador. Anais do XVII Enancib. Salvador: Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2016, 20p. ISSN: 2177-3688. Disponível em: . Acesso em: [inserir data de consulta].DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12389315
Intertemporal Choice and Income Regularity: Non-Fungibility in the Timing of Income among Kenyan Farmers
Creators: name: Kramer, Berber
name: Kunst, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The optimal design of informal contracts in agricultural value chains depends on when farmers prefer to be paid for their output. While the evidence from time preference experiments suggests a preference for early payments, field studies often indicate that farmers will defer regular payments if given the opportunity. In this study, we explicitly test whether farmers are more patient regarding regular, earned income than regarding experimental windfall payments. We asked farmers in a dairy cooperative in Kenya to allocate both their milk income and a one-time gift between an early and a deferred payment date. We find that a large majority of participants deferred their milk payments, while rarely choosing to defer the gift. Participants’ survey responses suggest that we observe this difference because of mental accounting: participants earmarked their regular milk payments, but not the gift, to save for bulky expenditures. We conclude that deferred payments can provide value to producers by functioning as a savings device, even when decisions over windfall income suggest a preference for early payments.
Social Democracy and the “Developmental State” as Development Alternatives for South Africa
Creators: name: Van Eck, Lisa
name: Van Eck, Lisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Social democracy
subject: developmental state
subject: South Africa

description: This paper investigates social democracy and the “developmental state” model as development alternatives for South Africa. This research is significant as it enhances the developmental debate in South Africa that is indispensable in light of South Africa’s poor socio-economic performance. A comparative-historical study is conducted, as well as an analysis of the socio-political situation in South Africa to determine each model’s compatibility with South Africa. State autonomy is assumed essential. Liberal democracy and the authoritarian “developmental state” model are rejected on theoretical and compatibility grounds. Social democracy is therefore investigated. It is concluded that this model is theoretically stronger, yet ideologically squeezed, and its execution is hindered by major stumbling blocks that are identified. Ultimately, it is shown that the economics is fairly simple, but the “primacy of politics” is essential.
Metallicity in the Galactic Center: The Arches cluster
Creators: name: Najarro, Francisco
name: Figer, Donald F.
name: Hillier, D. John
name: Kudritzki, Rolf P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative spectral analysis of five very massive stars in the Arches cluster, located near the Galactic center, to determine stellar parameters, stellar wind properties and, most importantly, metallicity content. The analysis uses a new technique, presented here for the first time, and uses line-blanketed NLTE wind/atmosphere models fit to high-resolution near-infrared spectra of late-type nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet stars and OfI+ stars in the cluster. It relies on the fact that massive stars reach a maximum nitrogen abundance that is related to initial metallicity when they are in the WNL phase. We determine the present-day nitrogen abundance of the WNL stars in the Arches cluster to be 1.6% (mass fraction) and constrain the stellar metallicity in the cluster to be solar. This result is invariant to assumptions about the mass-luminosity relationship, the mass-loss rates, and rotation speeds. In addition, from this analysis, we find the age of the Arches cluster to be 2-2.5Myr, assuming coeval formation.
Insights on drying and precipitation dynamics of respiratory droplets in the perspective of Covid-19
Creators: name: Kabi, Prasenjit
name: Saha, Abhishek
name: Chaudhuri, Swetaprovo
name: Basu, Saptarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We isolate a nano-colloidal droplet of surrogate mucosalivary fluid to gain fundamental insights into the infectivity of air borne nuclei during the Covid-19 pandemic. Evaporation experiments are performed with salt-water solutions seeded with a viral load of inactive nanoparticles in an acoustic levitator. We seek to emulate the drying, flow and precipitation dynamics of such air borne mucosalivary droplets. Observations with the surrogate fluid are validated by similar experiments with actual samples from a healthy subject. A unique feature emerges with regards to the final crystallite dimension; it is always 20-30% of the initial droplet diameter for different sizes and ambient conditions. The preserved precipitates from levitated droplets show that 15% of the total virion population remain dispersed on the outer surface of air-desiccated air borne nuclei. This fraction increases to ~90% if the respiratory droplets (of larger initial size) settle on a surface and then evaporate in the sessile mode.
description: 4 Figures
Panoptic Instance Segmentation on Pigs
Creators: name: Brünger, Johannes
name: Gentz, Maria
name: Traulsen, Imke
name: Koch, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The behavioural research of pigs can be greatly simplified if automatic recognition systems are used. Especially systems based on computer vision have the advantage that they allow an evaluation without affecting the normal behaviour of the animals. In recent years, methods based on deep learning have been introduced and have shown pleasingly good results. Especially object and keypoint detectors have been used to detect the individual animals. Despite good results, bounding boxes and sparse keypoints do not trace the contours of the animals, resulting in a lot of information being lost. Therefore this work follows the relatively new definition of a panoptic segmentation and aims at the pixel accurate segmentation of the individual pigs. For this a framework of a neural network for semantic segmentation, different network heads and postprocessing methods is presented. With the resulting instance segmentation masks further information like the size or weight of the animals could be estimated. The method is tested on a specially created data set with 1000 hand-labeled images and achieves detection rates of around 95% (F1 Score) despite disturbances such as occlusions and dirty lenses.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to MDPI Sensors
Ação Comunicativa nos Museus: Cooperação para Interação
Creators: name: Núcleo Multidimensional De Gestão Do Patrimônio E De Documentação Em Museus (NUGEP) Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro (UNIRIO)
name: Rocha, Luisa Maria Gomes De Mattos
name: Ferreira, Rubens Ramos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Museology
subject: 210204 Museum Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Pesquisa exploratória e aplicada sobre o conceito de interatividade, a partir de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, com destaque para âmbito comunicacional e tecnológico dos museus, objetivando compreender o conjunto de propriedades que configura o caráter dinâmico das interações entre interagentes mediada pela comunicação. Analisa os aparatos interativos nos museus sob o ponto de vista de matrizes do conhecimento de forma a evidenciar a fundamentação dos projetos e sua aplicação nas ações de cunho tecnológico interativo. Problematiza a interatividade sob o ponto de vista da relação forma e conteúdo, refletindo sobre os princípios comunicacionais que a regem, tanto sob o prisma dos meios, da estruturação e apresentação de conteúdos, quanto sob a vertente dos fins, a construção de significados pelas comunidades. Na pesquisa aplicada, analisa os aspectos comunicacionais, informacionais e mediacionais das interfaces expositivas do tipo potencial/virtual e interação reativa/mútua no recurso de Realidade Aumentada do Museu Histórico Nacional e o do chatbot “A Voz da Arte” da Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados iniciais apontam que os museus, ao assumirem uma posição hierárquica e unilateral na comunicação, acabam por limitar a informação “possível”, uma vez que não compartilham o jogo de mediação das práticas sociais e culturais da sociedade.
Referência eletrônica do artigo:
ROCHA, Luisa Maria Gomes de Mattos; FERREIRA, Rubens Ramos. Ação comunicativa nos museus: cooperação para interação. In: Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação, n. XVIII, 2017, Marília. Anais do XVIII Enancib. Marília: Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2017, 21p. ISSN: 2177-3688. Disponível em: . Acesso em: [inserir data de consulta].DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12389306
An Empirical Examination of Sustainability of Women’s Empowerment Using Panel Data from India
Creators: name: Akter, Sonia
name: Chindarkar, Namrata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: ABSTRACT In this article, we empirically test the sustainability of women’s empowerment using representative and rich individual-level panel data from India for the years 2004−5 and 2011−12. Sustainability is defined in terms of durability (whether empowerment is carried forward or continues in the long run) and diffusion (whether empowerment has positive spillover effects). A domain-based framework is used to capture the multidimensional nature of empowerment. In terms of durability, we find that the majority of the women remained empowered over time. The baseline characteristics that determine empowerment durability are (1) individual capabilities such as age, education, and wage work, (2) asset endowment, and (3) opportunity structure such as access to water, electricity, and owning a toilet. Additionally, we find that a change in collective assets over time is positively and significantly correlated with empowerment durability. Finally, we observe that empowerment has a significant diffusion effect from empowered women to other women in the same household as well as to women who do not co-reside but share family ties. These findings imply that empowerment is dynamic and the social benefit of empowering women appears considerably higher than what has been previously estimated when its long-term effects are considered.
Observational Studies of Early-type Binary Stars: MP Centauri
Creators: name: Terrell, Dirk
name: Munari, Ulisse
name: Zwitter, Tomaz
name: Wolf, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric and spectroscopic data on the early-type binary MP Centauri. The photometric data are analyzed simultaneously with radial velocities to derive preliminary absolute dimensions for the binary components. Analysis of the spectra shows that the stars rotate synchronously and that the line of sight to the system crosses two kinematically sharp and well-separated interstellar reddening sources. It is shown that MP Cen consists of a B3 primary with M_1 = 11.4 +/- 0.4 M_sun, R_1 = 7.7 +/- 0.1 R_sun and a lobe-filling B6-B7 secondary with M_2 = 4.4 +/- 0.2 M_sun, R_2 = 6.6 +/- 0.1 R_sun
description: Accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Watershed responses to timber harvesting disturbance
Creators: name: Campbell, David Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In mountainous watersheds, such as those in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, sediment mobilized on hillslopes can be delivered directly to stream channels. In coupled watersheds timber harvesting operations increases landslide sediment production on hillslopes, and decreases channel stability where riparian logging affects bank strength or sediment supply is increased due to landslide delivery. This report documents an investigation of hillslope and stream channel responses to timber harvesting in 119 reaches of 7 study watersheds in the Coast and Cascade Mountains of British Columbia. Air photos and GIS were used to document landslide and stream channel changes over a 40 to 50 year period within each study basin. Response times, response magnification, and relaxation times were calculated for hillslope and stream channel responses. Five response regimes are proposed to explain watershed response mechanisms; no response, riparian-driven responses, landslide-driven responses, propagated response, and compound responses. Channel change was considered to be significant if width changes exceeded 5.0 m and 7% of the initial width. The 46 reaches that did not exceed these criteria are considered to have no significant response. Riparian-driven responses were observed in 40 reaches, and average channel widening was 94% of initial channel width. Landslide-driven responses were observed in 16 reaches, and average channel widening was 86%. Propagated responses were minor (8 reaches), though they exhibited the largest amount of channel width increase (179%). Channels that exhibited compound responses had characteristics similar to the other three response types, and therefore the mechanism of response was difficult to discern. Overall 17 reaches exhibited compound response, and the average channel width increase was 120%. Average response times ranged from 17.4 to 22.5 years for all channel response types, and response time was 16.4 years for landslide responses Relaxation times were 13.8 years for landslides, 14.2 years for landslide-driven channel responses, and 28.4 years for riparian-driven responses. Confined channels are less prone to significant channel responses than channels with developed alluvial floodplains. An important issue for land management is the potential for disturbances to propagate to undisturbed reaches downstream.
Birhythmic Analog Circuit Maze: A Nonlinear Neurostimulation Testbed
Creators: name: Jordan, Ian D.
name: Park, Il Memming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brain dynamics can exhibit narrow-band nonlinear oscillations and multistability. For a subset of disorders of consciousness and motor control, we hypothesize that some symptoms originate from the inability to spontaneously transition from one attractor to another. Using external perturbations, such as electrical pulses delivered by deep brain stimulation devices, it may be possible to induce such transition out of the pathological attractors. However, the induction of transition may be non-trivial, rendering the current open-loop stimulation strategies insufficient. In order to develop next-generation neural stimulators that can intelligently learn to induce attractor transitions, we require a platform to test the efficacy of such systems. To this end, we designed an analog circuit as a model for the multistable brain dynamics. The circuit spontaneously oscillates stably on two periods as an instantiation of a 3-dimensional continuous-time gated recurrent neural network. To discourage simple perturbation strategies such as constant or random stimulation patterns from easily inducing transition between the stable limit cycles, we designed a state-dependent nonlinear circuit interface for external perturbation. We demonstrate the existence of nontrivial solutions to the transition problem in our circuit implementation.
The Philippines’ Roll-on/Roll-off Policy and its Impact on Household Income
Creators: name: Francisco, Kris A.
name: Tanaka, Makoto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Our paper captures the immediate impact of the Roll-on/Roll-off policy that offered an alternative system of inter-island transfer within the Philippines. It provides evidence on the effect of the policy on the income of households, by exploiting the timing of the operations of the Ro-Ro ports included in the nautical highways. Using nationally-representative data, we compare the incomes of households that are located near the Ro-Ro ports against the income of households that are located near the non-Ro-Ro ports, before and after the policy implementation. Our results generally suggest that households located near the Ro-Ro ports benefitted from higher income after policy implementation. We distinguished between agricultural households and non-agricultural households, and find that the increase in income for agricultural households located near the Ro-Ro ports was driven by the improved net share from agricultural assets, and higher receipts from domestic sources; while the increase in income for nonagricultural households located near the Ro-Ro ports was driven by the higher net share of agricultural produce, higher receipts from abroad, and higher income from rental of properties. The Ro-Ro policy was favorable for households located near the Ro-Ro ports as it induced numerous income opportunities that resulted to income diversification.
Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Creators: name: Haggblade, Steven
name: Haggblade, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Africa
subject: Food Security

description: Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and corridor development programs.
Ação Comunicativa nos Museus - Cooperação para Interação
Creators: name: Núcleo Multidimensional De Gestão Do Patrimônio E De Documentação Em Museus (NUGEP) Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro (UNIRIO)
name: Rocha, Luisa Maria Gomes De Mattos
name: Ferreira, Rubens Ramos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Museology
subject: 210204 Museum Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Pesquisa exploratória e aplicada sobre o conceito de interatividade, a partir de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, com destaque para âmbito comunicacional e tecnológico dos museus, objetivando compreender o conjunto de propriedades que configura o caráter dinâmico das interações entre interagentes mediada pela comunicação. Analisa os aparatos interativos nos museus sob o ponto de vista de matrizes do conhecimento de forma a evidenciar a fundamentação dos projetos e sua aplicação nas ações de cunho tecnológico interativo. Problematiza a interatividade sob o ponto de vista da relação forma e conteúdo, refletindo sobre os princípios comunicacionais que a regem, tanto sob o prisma dos meios, da estruturação e apresentação de conteúdos, quanto sob a vertente dos fins, a construção de significados pelas comunidades. Na pesquisa aplicada, analisa os aspectos comunicacionais, informacionais e mediacionais das interfaces expositivas do tipo potencial/virtual e interação reativa/mútua no recurso de Realidade Aumentada do Museu Histórico Nacional e o do chatbot “A Voz da Arte” da Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados iniciais apontam que os museus, ao assumirem uma posição hierárquica e unilateral na comunicação, acabam por limitar a informação “possível”, uma vez que não compartilham o jogo de mediação das práticas sociais e culturais da sociedade.
Slepton production in polarized hadron collisions
Creators: name: Bozzi, G.
name: Fuks, B.
name: Klasen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate cross sections and asymmetries for slepton pair production through neutral and charged electroweak currents in polarized hadron collisions for general slepton masses and including mixing of the left- and right-handed interaction eigenstates relevant for third generation sleptons. Our analytical results confirm and extend a previous calculation. Numerically, we show that measurements of the longitudinal single-spin asymmetry at the existing polarized pp collider RHIC and at possible polarization upgrades of the Tevatron or the LHC would allow for a determination of the tau slepton mixing angle and/or the associated supersymmetry breaking parameters Lambda for gauge mediation and A0 for minimal supergravity. Furthermore, the Standard Model background from tau pair production can be clearly distinguished due to the opposite sign of the associated asymmetry.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; Tevatron/LHC polarization and tau identification discussed, typos corrected
Intertemporal Choice and Income Regularity: Non-Fungibility in the Timing of Income among Kenyan Farmers
Creators: name: Kramer, Berber
name: Kunst, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The optimal design of informal contracts in agricultural value chains depends on when farmers prefer to be paid for their output. While the evidence from time preference experiments suggests a preference for early payments, field studies often indicate that farmers will defer regular payments if given the opportunity. In this study, we explicitly test whether farmers are more patient regarding regular, earned income than regarding experimental windfall payments. We asked farmers in a dairy cooperative in Kenya to allocate both their milk income and a one-time gift between an early and a deferred payment date. We find that a large majority of participants deferred their milk payments, while rarely choosing to defer the gift. Participants’ survey responses suggest that we observe this difference because of mental accounting: participants earmarked their regular milk payments, but not the gift, to save for bulky expenditures. We conclude that deferred payments can provide value to producers by functioning as a savings device, even when decisions over windfall income suggest a preference for early payments.
Infrastructure Recovery Curve Estimation Using Gaussian Process Regression on Expert Elicited Data
Creators: name: Cao, Quoc D.
name: Miles, Scott B.
name: Choe, Youngjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Infrastructure recovery time estimation is critical to disaster management and planning. Inspired by recent resilience planning initiatives, we consider a situation where experts are asked to estimate the time for different infrastructure systems to recover to certain functionality levels after a scenario hazard event. We propose a methodological framework to use expert-elicited data to estimate the expected recovery time curve of a particular infrastructure system. This framework uses the Gaussian process regression (GPR) to capture the experts' estimation-uncertainty and satisfy known physical constraints of recovery processes. The framework is designed to find a balance between the data collection cost of expert elicitation and the prediction accuracy of GPR. We evaluate the framework on realistically simulated expert-elicited data concerning the two case study events, the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.
What Kind of Agricultural Strategies Lead to Broad-Based Growth: Implications For Country-Led Agricultural Investment Programs
Creators: name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Boughton, Duncan
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Boughton, Duncan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Agricultural strategies
subject: investment programs
subject: Feed The Future
subject: Africa

description: Without renewed attention to sustained agricultural productivity growth, most small farms in developing countries will become increasingly unviable economic and social units. Sustained agricultural productivity growth and poverty reduction will require progress on a number of fronts, most importantly increased public goods investments to agriculture; a policy environment that supports private investment in input, output, and financial markets and provision of key support services; a more level global trade policy environment; supportive donor programs; and improved governance. Subsidies, if they are focused, appropriately conceived, effectively implemented, and temporary, can play a complementary role but should not – based on both the Asian and African evidence presented here – be seen as the primary engine of growth. Most of these challenges can be met through country-led agricultural investment strategies that mobilize the political will to adopt the policies and public investments which substantial evidence demonstrates have the greatest chances of 5 driving sustainable pro-poor agricultural growth.
GENDER TILSHUNOSLIGINING O'ZBEKISTONDA RIVOJLANISHI
Creators: name: Abdunazarova Maftuna Faxriddinovna O`zMU Kompyuter lingvistikasi va amaliy tilshunoslik fakulteti stajyor o'qituvchisi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada tilshunoslikning yangi sohalaridan hisoblangan gender tilshunoslik haqidagi qarashlar bayon qilingan bo‘lib, gender tilshunoslikdagi muammolar ochib beriladi. Dunyo va o‘zbek lingvistikasida gender tilshunoslik bo‘yicha qilingan ilmiy tadqiqot ishlari va yechimini kutayotgan masalalar haqida so‘z yuritiladi.

KALIT SO‘ZLAR: genderolingvistika, antroposentirizm, feminizm, gender stereotiplari
New probability distributions in astrophysics: III. The truncated Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
Creators: name: Zaninetti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) distribution for velocities in ideal gases is usually defined between zero and infinity. A double truncated MB distribution is here introduced and the probability density function, the distribution function, the average value, the rth moment about the origin, the root-mean-square speed and the variance are evaluated. Two applications are presented: (i) a numerical relationship between root-mean-square speed and temperature, and (ii) a modification of the formula for the Jeans escape flux of molecules from an atmosphere.
description: 15 pages and 5 figures
title: 01_2494
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Emigration and Rising Wages in Myanmar: Evidence from Mon State
Creators: name: Filipski, Mateusz
name: Lee, Hak Lim
name: Hein, Aung
name: Nischan, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Whether and how immigration affects labour markets is a hotly-debated and widely-studied topic. By contrast, the converse question of how emigration impacts labour markets in the source economy has remained largely understudied. In particular, whether outflows of labourers lead to higher wages in their home countries has only been addressed in a handful of studies. This paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap using data from Myanmar. We collected primary household data from rural Mon State, a southern state neighbouring Thailand. Analysis shows that over a quarter of the labour force is currently migrating for work. Relying on variation in local wages at the village level, regression estimates reveal a significant relationship between migration and wages of unskilled agricultural workers. We use measures of past migration as instrumental variables to further show that this relationship is likely causal. Rapidly rising wages in Myanmar carry deep consequences for the development trajectory of the country.
SETOR SUCROALCOOLEIRO DE ALAGOAS: A ULTRA-ESPECIALIZAÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA COMPETITIVA (1990/2008)
Creators: name: Carvalho, Cicero Pericles
name: Carvalho, Cicero Pericles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: agroindústria
subject: setor sucroalcooleiro
subject: Nordeste
subject: exportação

description: A primeira década desde o fim do IAA (1990/1999) ficou marcada, para o setor sucroalcoleiro nordestino, pela liberação do mercado de açúcar e álcool. No mesmo período esse setor desenvolveu, em Alagoas, um processo de reestruturação produtiva que, adotando novas estratégias competitivas, conseguiu superar tanto as adversidades de um mercado recentemente desregulamentado como as dificuldades decorrentes do novo ambiente institucional. Na década subseqüente (2000/2008), esse processo vem apresentando novidades. Apesar da pressão pela adoção de propostas de diversificação produtiva, o setor reafirmou a estratégia empresarial e o foco de negócio no sentido do crescimento especializado da produção: aperfeiçoou sua matriz produtiva com alguns novos itens, aproveitando o álcool e a co-geração de energia como novos eixos dessa matriz; incorporou as tecnologias industriais e agrícolas, melhorando a infra-estrutura produtiva; e redefiniu o apoio estatal. O resultado é uma produção local bem maior de álcool e açúcar, com melhor desempenho nas exportações, e um processo de capitalização que permitiu a construção de um setor externo, em Minas e São Paulo, que elabora o equivalente a 80% da produção em Alagoas.
A Coleção, a Pesquisa e a Comunicação Científicas como Formas de Sociabilidade de um Museu - o caso da coordenação de ciências humanas do Museu
Creators: name: Núcleo Multidimensional De Gestão Do Patrimônio E De Documentação Em Museus (NUGEP) Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro (UNIRIO)
name: Benchimol, Alegria
name: Rocha, Luisa Maria Gomes De Mattos
name: Chalhub, Tania
name: Gonçalves, Ana Lúcia Ferreira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Museology
subject: 210204 Museum Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Pesquisa descritiva acerca das mudanças das “formas de sociabilidade” no Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), analisando comparativamente as passagens dos séculos XIX-XX e XX-XXI. O objetivo geral foi investigar as “formas de sociabilidade” com base no tripé coleção, pesquisa e publicação da Instituição. A metodologia de caráter quali-quantitativo utilizou as pesquisas documental, bibliográfica e de campo, e como técnicas de coleta de dados a aplicação de questionários e levantamento da produção científica na Plataforma Lattes dos pesquisadores doutores da Coordenação de Ciências Humanas (CCH) do MPEG. Os resultados mostram que houve mudanças nas formas de sociabilidade ao longo do tempo e que, especificamente, no MPEG, o entrelaçamento entre coleta, pesquisa e publicação se revelou consistente.
Health and Well-being of Young People in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam: Life Course Impacts
Creators: name: Carmichael, Fiona
name: Darko, Christian K.
name: Vasilakos, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Using data from four waves of the Young Lives longitudinal survey, we follow the lives of 3,064 eight-year-old children over 12 years in four developing countries (Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam) to explore the links between children’s lives and their health and wellbeing in early adulthood. We apply a novel combination of sequence analysis with clustering and difference-in-differences estimation techniques to identify links between health and wellbeing outcomes in early adulthood and six distinct clusters grouping similar life course pathways. The latter are characterised by family living conditions, economic status and experience of critical life events (including economic shocks). Our results indicate that there were significant differences in health and wellbeing between children in the most advantaged and less advantaged clusters. These wellbeing gaps all narrowed over time but only completely closed for one cluster. In contrast, only some of the initial health gaps narrowed. These results suggest that policy aimed at improving health and wellbeing outcomes in early adulthood needs to focus on supporting disadvantaged young children.
Another possible way to determine the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy
Creators: name: Nunokawa, Hiroshi
name: Parke, Stephen
name: Funchal, Renata Zukanovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that by combining high precision measurements of the atmospheric delta m^2 in both the electron and muon neutrino (or anti-neutrino) disappearance channels one can determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. The required precision is a very challenging fraction of one per cent for both measurements. At even higher precision, sensitivity to the cosine of the CP violating phase is also possible. This method for determining the mass hierarchy of the neutrino sector does not depend on matter effects.
description: 12 pages, 3 postscript figures, latex
New residential wood building systems in Switzerland and their potential to meet the local requirements of place, people and product without compromising the global context
Creators: name: Ehrbar, Doris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: After a long dominance of brick masonry and concrete, wood, a traditional local building material, has had a remarkable revival in the single-family house market in Switzerland since the mid 1980s. Among the vast variety of new wood building systems, Swiss wood frames (SWF) and Ribbed panel system (RPS) are considered the most promising ones. Despite different construction principles both systems assist in achieving highly thermal-efficient buildings, and both are built in the factory. The panellised wall, floor and roof elements are assembled on-site in only one or two days. In this thesis, I hypothesise that the success of a new wood building system depends on its ability to meet the local requirements of place, people and product (P-P-P concept) without compromising the global context). By conforming to the P-P-P concept, the success of the new wood building systems not only acquires a strong market share, but also conforms to the requirements of a more sustainable local building development. The investigation of the local building context reveals the characteristics of 'Swissness', the basis for the investigation of SWF and RPS. The characteristics of, and differences between, the two wood building systems are discussed according to their production and construction principles, where good thermal efficiency, vapour and air movement, differential movement, thermal and structural redundancy, maintenance work, indoor environment quality and sound protection are important characteristics of the wood building systems that allow them to achieve efficiently constructed, long-lasting and healthy housing. In this thesis, I show that the two wood building systems, SWF and RPS, provide powerful strategies to achieve a more sustainable local building development. However, besides the strong marketing of the Minergie label that limits the use of non-renewable operational energy, political and institutional support as well as technical innovation, construction quality, design, comfort and financial benefits have also been necessary to turn the strategies into accepted buildings with the prospect of high asset values. Combining a broad range of requirements of place, people and product as well as key global needs, SWF and RPS are promising systems for a new and successful local building culture in Switzerland.
D-brane anti-D-brane effective action and brane interaction in open string channel
Creators: name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the effective action of a $D_p$-brane-anti-$D_p$-brane system by making use of the non-abelian extension of tachyonic DBI action. We succeed the construction by restricting the Chan-Paton factors of two non-BPS $D_p$-branes in the action to the Chan-Paton factors of a $D_p\bar{D}_p$ system. For the special case that both branes are coincident, the action reduces to the one proposed by A. Sen. \\The effective $D_p\bar{D}_p$ potential indicates that when branes separation is larger than the string length scale, there are two minima in the tachyon direction. As branes move toward each other under the gravitational force, the tachyon tunneling from false to true vacuum may make a bubble formation followed by a classical evolution of the bubble. On the other hand, when branes separation is smaller than the string length scale, the potential shows one maximum and one minimum. In this case, a homogeneous tachyon rolling in real time makes an attractive potential for the branes distance. This classical force is speculated to be the effective force between the two branes.
description: Latex, 14 pages, 1 figure, the version appears in JHEP