cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nurses' attitudes toward the reporting of workplace violence in the emergency department
Creators: name: Hogarth, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background: The literature indicates that the incidence of workplace violence against nurses in emergency departments is grossly underreported. The underreporting of violence is an issue, as the true nature and frequency of violent incidents occurring in the emergency department is unknown. Without this knowledge it is difficult to address the problem of workplace violence. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the attitudes, barriers and enablers of emergency nurses to the reporting of workplace violence. Method: Using a phenomenological approach, two focus groups were conducted at a tertiary level emergency department to collect the data. The data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: Violent incidents in this emergency department are underreported by nurses. The current formal reporting system was found to be a major barrier to reporting as it was difficult and time consuming to use. Nurses did report violence using methods other than the designated formal reporting system. Nurses' attitudes towards violence influenced their decision to report. Nurses accepted violence as part of their normal working day, and therefore were less likely to report it. Violent incidents were not defined as 'violence' if no physical injury was sustained, and therefore it was not reported. Nurses were also motivated to report formally in order to protect themselves from any possible future complaints made by perpetrators. Conclusion: This study showed that while emergency nurses do report violence, they do not use the formal reporting system. When they did use the formal reporting system they were motivated to do so in order to protect themselves. As a consequence of underreporting formally, the nature and extent of workplace violence remains unknown.
Making existing software quantum safe: a case study on IBM Db2
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
name: Miranskyy, Andriy
name: Rjaibi, Walid
name: Stager, Greg
name: Gray, Michael
name: Peck, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The software engineering community is facing challenges from quantum computers (QCs). In the era of quantum computing, Shor's algorithm running on QCs can break asymmetric encryption algorithms that classical computers practically cannot. Though the exact date when QCs will become "dangerous" for practical problems is unknown, the consensus is that this future is near. Thus, the software engineering community needs to start making software ready for quantum attacks and ensure quantum safety proactively. We argue that the problem of evolving existing software to quantum-safe software is very similar to the Y2K bug. Thus, we leverage some best practices from the Y2K bug and propose our roadmap, called 7E, which gives developers a structured way to prepare for quantum attacks. It is intended to help developers start planning for the creation of new software and the evolution of cryptography in existing software. In this paper, we use a case study to validate the viability of 7E. Our software under study is the IBM Db2 database system. We upgrade the current cryptographic schemes to post-quantum cryptographic ones (using Kyber and Dilithium schemes) and report our findings and lessons learned. We show that the 7E roadmap effectively plans the evolution of existing software security features towards quantum safety, but it does require minor revisions. We incorporate our experience with IBM Db2 into the revised 7E roadmap. The U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology is finalizing the post-quantum cryptographic standard. The software engineering community needs to start getting prepared for the quantum advantage era. We hope that our experiential study with IBM Db2 and the 7E roadmap will help the community prepare existing software for quantum attacks in a structured manner.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Device-independent and semi-device-independent entanglement certification in broadcast Bell scenarios
Creators: name: Boghiu, Emanuel-Cristian
name: Hirsch, Flavien
name: Lin, Pei-Sheng
name: Quintino, Marco Túlio
name: Bowles, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been shown that by broadcasting the subsystems of a bipartite quantum state, one can activate Bell nonlocality and significantly improve noise tolerance bounds for device-independent entanglement certification. In this work we strengthen these results and explore new aspects of this phenomenon. First, we prove new results related to the activation of Bell nonlocality. We construct Bell inequalities tailored to the broadcast scenario, and show how broadcasting can lead to even stronger notions of Bell nonlocality activation. In particular, we exploit these ideas to show that bipartite states admitting a local hidden-variable model for general measurements can lead to genuine tripartite nonlocal correlations. We then study device-independent entanglement certification in the broadcast scenario, and show through semidefinite programming techniques that device-independent entanglement certification is possible for the two-qubit Werner state in essentially the entire range of entanglement. Finally, we extend the concept of EPR steering to the broadcast scenario, and present novel examples of activation of the two-qubit isotropic state. Our results pave the way for broadcast-based device-dependent and semi-device-independent protocols.
description: Published version (up to formatting differences), 29 pages, 4 figures
Moving person-centred philosophy into practice with older people in residential care: a qualitative descriptive study
Creators: name: Wilson, Catherine Ann
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The overall aim of this study was to describe how enrolled nurses and personal care assistants (care providers) operationalised person-centred care (PCC) with older people in a residential care setting. While there is growing theoretical and research literature about PCC, there is a paucity of knowledge in understanding what care providers do to operationalise PCC with older people. The researcher conducting this study explored the perspectives, beliefs and practices of these care providers in operationalising PCC. The VIPS framework for PCC, which consists of four constructs ‘valuing the person’, ‘individualised care’, ‘understanding the person’s perspective’, and ‘positive social psychology’, was used to theoretically frame this study. A qualitative descriptive study using focus groups and individual interviews, with nine participants, drawn from one residential care setting, was adopted as a methodology and method. The data collection provided a snapshot of what was happening in practice according to the perspectives, insights or experiences of the care providers in this residential care setting. The findings of this research has generated important new knowledge about PCC in this residential care setting and new insights into what care providers do in operationalising PCC with older people in a residential care setting. This field study also resulted in findings that confirmed and are consistent with the literature relating to the operationalisation of the philosophy of PCC by care providers with older people in a residential care setting. These findings have implications for practice, given the limited studies available, for theory, education and policy, and raise questions for further research.
Emergency nurses’ perceptions of emergency department preparedness for an ebola outbreak: a qualitative descriptive study
Creators: name: Pincha Baduge, Mihirika Surangi De Silva
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a highly contagious disease with a high mortality rate. The 2014 outbreak in West Africa grew uncontrollably, and on the 8th August 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern. Emergency Departments (ED) in Australian health services commenced preparation and vigilance for people presenting with EVD like symptoms, so that any spread of the disease could be prevented. Research Focus: This thesis examines emergency nurses’ perceptions in regards to their own and their EDs’ preparedness to manage an EVD outbreak in the Australian context. Research Approach: Qualitative Description Setting and Data: One ED, located in south-east of metropolitan Melbourne. A purposeful sample of 13 emergency nurses participated in focus groups (four). Data were content and thematically analysed. Findings: Major themes emerged from the data regarding organisational, personal and future preparedness. These themes are described and supported by relevant quotes from the participants. These findings demonstrated the participants’ regard that both the organisation and they had achieved desirable and appropriate preparedness for EVD in their ED setting. Some similarities and differences from existing published work were identified. Research Significance: General information about nurses’ views on their own and the preparedness of the ED to manage the risk of EVD will be useful to health services, educators, and policy makers. The research has implications for understanding how emergency nurses prepare and respond to the threat of diseases like EVD. The research provides useful information to deliver targeted forms of preparedness in practice, and to develop relevant education and policy.
Social motivation, visual experience, and face recognition in autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Kamensek, Todd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by challenges in social communication, interaction, and repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests. Among these difficulties, individuals with ASD commonly exhibit moderate impairments in face recognition. In this thesis, we conduct three studies to examine competing experience- and perceptual-based accounts of face recognition challenges in ASD. The first study investigates a perceptual/genetic hypothesis that suggests a shared etiology of face recognition challenges between ASD and developmental prosopagnosia (DP), a condition characterized by severe face recognition impairments. We compare face recognition ability and social motivation in adults with ASD, DP, and a non-ASD, non-DP comparison group. Our findings revealed that a DP-like subtype within ASD cannot solely account for the face recognition challenges experienced across the diverse ASD population. The second study examines daily visual exposure to faces in adults with ASD in comparison to that of non-autistic adults. Experience-based accounts, such as the social motivation hypothesis, predict reduced attention to faces in ASD, which in turn give rise to challenges due to lack of experience. Consistent with this prediction, we observe reduced exposure durations to familiar faces in ASD, and atypical exposure faces viewed from farther distances and favoring profile pose over frontal, indicating patterns inconsistent with typical social interactions. In the third study, we examine whether this atypical exposure to profile poses is associated with improved encoding and recognition of faces viewed in this pose. However, our results do not support this prediction as individuals with ASD perform notably worse in profile face recognition compared to non-autistic controls. Collectively, this thesis contributes to the current understanding of face recognition abilities in ASD. It challenges the notion of a single etiological factor accounting for all face challenges in ASD, but rather suggests that a combination of experience-based and perceptual-based factors separately or in combination, lead to face recognition challenges in ASD. The results inform future investigations and may pave the way for potential intervention strategies aimed at enhancing face recognition skills in individuals with ASD.
An examination of the role of the mental health nurse in acute inpatient settings in Australia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: perceptions versus reality
Creators: name: Alasmee, Nofaa Ali
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Although the aim of care for consumers is to be treated within the community, some will require care in an acute inpatient facility from time to time. The emphasis of acute inpatient units has evolved to providing assessment and short intense management to consumers as a care continuum approach, especially for those who cannot receive adequate treatment in community settings. Thus, the direction of acute inpatient units is toward reduction of symptoms within a short time. Nevertheless the specific roles of mental health nurses in acute inpatient units continue to be debated. The aim of this study was to gain a unique insight into the role of mental health nurses in acute inpatient settings and the range of models of care utilised in these units in Australia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This mixed method study used non-participant observation, interviews, focus groups, and job satisfaction surveys to describe the current role and models of care and measure nurses’ level of satisfaction. Findings indicate that mental health nurses from both countries believe that their role is focused on the recovery model and that they provide holistic nursing that involves consumers’ mental, physical and psychosocial needs. However, findings also indicate that nurses tended to focus on consumers’ physical and safety needs more than mental health needs. Moreover, the medical model of care is the dominant model in both Australia and KSA. Australian nurses are more educated and have greater resources at their disposal but they do not utilise them to their advantage. Yet the findings did not reflect a significant dissatisfaction indicating that mental health nurses are satisfied with current work practice. In conclusion, the findings show a clear disparity between nurses’ perceptions and their actual practice in acute inpatient units. This leads to role ambiguity and confusion. Despite quite different health service systems and cultures, nurses in acute inpatient units in both KSA and Australia resort to ‘safe’ practices and this limits their scope and role.
The effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in preventing obesity among school students
Creators: name: Rajabi Alashti, Anahita
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Over the past two decades, childhood obesity has increased rapidly. As schools have extensive accessibility to children, this setting can play an important role in addressing this issue. Nurses as professional health care providers also have a unique position in schools to prevent obesity among school students by implementing interventions which are based on cognitive behaviour therapy, education and health promotion and lifestyle modification. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led intervention in preventing obesity among school students. A quantitative systematic review was conducted which identified and summarised all the retrieved research relating to the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in preventing obesity among school students. Relevant research articles were identified and reviewed and the retrieved data regarding effectiveness of nurse-led interventions targeting childhood obesity were evaluated. Descriptive analysis was completed and findings were discussed. Three studies involving a total of 414 participants were selected for analysis after screening 172 potential studies. This systematic review found that nursing interventions targeting Body Mass Index, physical activity, and screen time can be much more effective if applied at primary school age and using multi-component interventions. In addition, findings suggested that nurses are able to modify obese children and their families' behaviour and motivate them toward healthy lifestyles by applying theory based structures such as social cognitive theory. Findings also suggest that nurses can play an important role in promoting healthy behaviour of obese students through cooperation with other parts of the community such as families, school personnel, and local health clinics. This systematic review is the first one conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of nurseled interventions in preventing school-aged children's obesity. However, due to the low number of included studies the findings require more rigorous scientific evidence. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of nurse-led interventions in preventing obesity among school students.
Non-Abelian Two-component Fractional Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Barkeshli, Maissam
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large class of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states can be classified according to their pattern of zeros, which describes the order of zeros in ground state wave functions as various clusters of electrons are brought together. The pattern-of-zeros approach can be generalized to systematically classify multilayer/spin-unpolarized FQH states, which has led to the construction of a class of non-Abelian multicomponent FQH states. Here we discuss some of the simplest non-Abelian two-component states that we find and the possibility of their experimental realization in bilayer systems at $ν= 2/3$, 4/5, 4/7, 4/9, 1/4, etc.
description: 4+epsilon pages
Deducting the Cost of Sex Reassignment Surgery: How O’Donnabhain v. Commissioner Can Help Us Make Sense of the Medical Expense Deduction
Creators: name: Luszti, Tamar E.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2012

description: In February 2010, the Tax Court held that a taxpayer’s expenses incurred for hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery were deductible as medical expenses under § 213 because they treated the disease of gender identity disorder. The court, however, was deeply divided in its determination of whether sex reassignment surgery qualifies as nondeductible cosmetic surgery under § 213(d)(9). In 1990, Congress amended § 213 to exclude cosmetic surgery from the definition of deductible medical care. Since then, the Tax Court and the I.R.S. have rarely addressed the meaning and extent of that exclusion. The judges’ divergent opinions in O’Donnabhain make it clear that a thorough examination of the statutory meaning of cosmetic surgery is timely. This Note considers what should qualify as cosmetic surgery within the context of the medical expense deduction. It argues that a medical procedure that improves physical appearance should be deductible under § 213 when it is physician-prescribed treatment for a specific disease, and consistent with generally accepted medical practice. This analysis is grounded in the statutory language of § 213, and is supported by broader principles that bear on the policy debate surrounding the medical expense deduction more generally.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012)
Realization and Progressivity
Creators: name: Benshalom, Ilan
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2012

description: The realization requirement is the income tax’s original sin. Although long-standing, it is widely considered the main source of tax complexity, inequity, and economic distortion. Despite these problems, realization is also considered a fundamental element of modern income tax regimes. It is explained early in most federal income tax courses as necessitated by problems of asset valuation and taxpayer liquidity. To the dismay of certain professors, this explanation usually generates little class discussion. More worrisome, it is also widely accepted outside the classroom—prompting few political objections or normative academic inquiries. The goal of this article is to provide a normative framework that allows policymakers to better understand the role of the realization requirement. It makes two related arguments. First, with respect to certain emotionally non-fungible (personal) assets, the realization requirement is normatively justified because the market price is not a good indication of the assets’ value to their owners. Second, contrary to the traditional view of realization as a regressive element, taxing only these personal assets upon realization would promote income tax progressivity. This article’s normative approach provides a basis for developing a more effective and coherent redistributive income tax policy. This analysis contributes to the broader tax reform debate and opens a novel theoretical inquiry with respect to the distributive impact of different types of errors.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012)
Absence of zeros implies strong spatial mixing
Creators: name: Regts, Guus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we show that absence of complex zeros of the partition function of the hard-core model on any family of bounded degree graphs implies that the associated probability measure, the \emph{hard-core measure}, satisfies strong spatial mixing on that family. As a corollary we obtain that the hard-core measure on the family of bounded degree claw-free graphs satisfies strong spatial mixing. We furthermore derive strong spatial mixing for graph homomorphism measures from absence of zeros of the graph homomorphism partition function.
description: v4 some small changes based on comments by referees
Tax Expenditures, Reform, and Distributive Justice
Creators: name: Sugin, Linda
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2012

description: Tax reform is coming, and it will be an important part of any plan to avert national fiscal disaster. The President’s Fiscal Commission recently presented a proposal for comprehensive tax reform that will form the basis for serious legislative discussion. At the center of that proposal is elimination of “tax expenditures,” which are provisions in the tax law that operate like direct government spending. They include the charitable deduction, the home mortgage interest deduction, the exclusion for employer-provided health insurance, the child credit, the earned income credit, education credits and deductions, the tax preference for retirement savings accounts like IRAs and 401(k) plans, and dozens of others. This article argues that elimination of tax expenditures is a flawed approach to tax reform. Tax expenditures are not an undifferentiated mass, but reflect a wide variety of federal policies, each of which requires independent evaluation. Before policymakers can decide whether to abolish tax expenditures, they need to know a lot more than the tax expenditure budgets currently reveal about what tax expenditures do, who benefits from them, and how much revenue could be raised by their repeal. They also need to decisively identify which provisions are tax expenditures, a perennial source of disagreement. This article argues that proposals to repeal tax expenditures reflect a normative preference for efficiency over equity, the traditional twin goals of tax policy, squandering the tax law’s unique role in economic justice.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012)
Time for the Child Tax Credit to Grow Up: Preserving the Credit’s Availability and Enhancing Benefits for Families
Creators: name: McGroarty, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2011

description: The Child Tax Credit is one of the largest subsidies in the tax code for families with children. The CTC provides a supplementary boost to families by providing cash income when they do not have income tax liability. The CTC has more recently been used as an economic recovery measure and as a work incentive. However, the Credit’s own structure undermines its ability to serve these purposes. The Credit should be structured such that it will further the program’s key purposes and remain available to more low- income families. Some beneficial structural changes include permanently setting the refundability threshold at $3,000 and insulating the Credit’s provisions from inflation.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011)
Making Partnerships Work for Mom and Pop and Everyone Else
Creators: name: Cauble, Emily
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2011

description: Entities treated as partnerships for tax purposes cover the spectrum from small Mom and Pop operations to mammoth enterprises owned by sophisticated partners. Designing tax law to govern this diverse array of entities is a challenging exercise since rules that are well suited to provide simplicity for entities at the small, unsophisticated end of the continuum may be poorly designed for preventing manipulation by entities at the large, sophisticated end of the continuum. However, a careful examination of how tax rules can best promote simplicity reveals opportunities for reform that would make the law more appropriate for entities all along the continuum.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011)
Exploiting Action Impact Regularity and Exogenous State Variables for Offline Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Vincent
name: Wright, James R.
name: White, Martha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Offline reinforcement learning -- learning a policy from a batch of data -- is known to be hard for general MDPs. These results motivate the need to look at specific classes of MDPs where offline reinforcement learning might be feasible. In this work, we explore a restricted class of MDPs to obtain guarantees for offline reinforcement learning. The key property, which we call Action Impact Regularity (AIR), is that actions primarily impact a part of the state (an endogenous component) and have limited impact on the remaining part of the state (an exogenous component). AIR is a strong assumption, but it nonetheless holds in a number of real-world domains including financial markets. We discuss algorithms that exploit the AIR property, and provide a theoretical analysis for an algorithm based on Fitted-Q Iteration. Finally, we demonstrate that the algorithm outperforms existing offline reinforcement learning algorithms across different data collection policies in simulated and real world environments where the regularity holds.
Metagenomes of blood and psoriatic skin. Research project. Supplements S1-S8.
Creators: name: Peslyak, Mikhail
name: Korotky, Nikolay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: bacterial DNA
bacterial products
bioinformatics
chemokines
dendritic cells
human papilloma virus
innate and adaptive response
intestinal permeability
keratinocytes
kPAMP-carriage
lipopolysaccharide
metagenome
microbiome
model of pathogenesis
monocytes
muramyl dipeptide
netosis
neutrophils
non-host DNA
PAMP-nemia
peptidoglycan
phagocytes
psoriagenic bacteria
psoriasis
psoriatic disease
sequencing
systemic psoriatic process
T-lymphocytes

description: This is supplement B (Supplements S1-S8) to book 10.5281/zenodo.2667680
New variables for 1+1 dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
name: Rastgoo, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the canonical formulation of a generic action for 1+1-dimensional models of gravity coupled to matter admits a description in terms of Ashtekar-type variables. This includes the CGHS model and spherically symmetric reductions of 3+1 gravity as particular cases. This opens the possibility of discussing models of black hole evaporation using loop representation techniques and verifying which paradigm emerges for the possible elimination of the black hole singularity and the issue of information loss.
description: 8 pages, no figures, added references, corrected some misleading statements
title: Στα ίχνη του μεταλλεύματος: Ενεργοποίηση της μεταλλευτικής περιοχής της Καμάριζας Λαυρίου
title: MINING THE PATH : Activation of the old mining site of Kamariza in Lavrio
Creators: name: Πριφτη Ελενη
name: Ντουση Αλεξανδρα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Αντικείμενο μελέτης της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η εξορυκτική περιοχή της Λαυρεωτικής και ειδικότερα εκείνη της Καμάριζας. Η εν λόγω περιοχή παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο γεωλογικό ενδιαφέρον χάρη στο πλούσιο υπέδαφός της, γνωστό ήδη από την αρχαιότητα. Η πρώτη μεταλλευτική δραστηριότητα εντοπίζεται γύρω στο 3000 π.Χ., ενώ οι κύριες περίοδοι ακμής της σημειώνονται κατά τους κλασικούς χρόνους (5ο-4ο αι π.Χ.) και κατά τον 19ο-20ο αι (1865-1989) όπου υπήρξε η δεύτερη περίοδος εξόρυξης. Οι δύο αυτές μεταλλευτικές περίοδοι αποτελούν και την βάση του αρχαιολογικού και βιομηχανικού πλούτου της περιοχής. Πρόκειται για έναν τόπο μνήμης, όπου τα απομεινάρια της μεταλλευτικής δραστηριότητας, ακόμη και μετά την παύση λειτουργίας των μεταλλείων, καθιστούν την ιστορία του ορατή. Στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ενεργοποίηση της περιοχής μέσω της οργάνωσης ενός υπαίθριου μουσείου. Ακολουθώντας τα ίχνη της μεταλλευτικής δραστηριότητας με αφετηρία τον οικισμό της Καμάριζας, οι περιπατητικές και ποδηλατικές διαδρομές επιχειρούν να αφηγηθούν την ιστορία της περιοχής, ενώ το δίκτυο δραστηριοτήτων πολιτισμού και έρευνας που τις πλαισιώνει, ενδυναμώνει και εμπλουτίζει το τοπίο και δίνει στον επισκέπτη την δυνατότητα να εντρυφήσει στις ιδιομορφίες και ιδιαιτερότητες του.
System size, energy and centrality dependence of strange hadron elliptic flow at STAR
Creators: name: Masui, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elliptic flow (v2) pattern in terms of hadron mass and transverse momentum pT is qualitatively described for pT < 2 GeV/c by ideal hydrodynamics in Au + Au collisions at RHIC. In addition, for pT = 2 - 6 GeV/c the measured v2 follow a universal scaling by the number of quarks explained by quark coalescence/recombination models. These observations suggest that a partonic collectivity develops in the matter in early stage of heavy ion collisions. Centrality as well as system size and energy dependence of the v2 is important to shed light on the underlying collision dynamics in heavy ion collisions. We present the measurements of centrality dependence of v2 at sqrt{sNN} = 200 and 62.4 GeV in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions for K0S, phi, Lambda, Xi and Omega at STAR experiment. We focus on the recent Cu + Cu results and discuss the centrality dependence of v2 as well as the number of quark scaling as a function of transverse kinetic energy at different system size and energies. We also discuss the eccentricity scaled v2 for identified hadrons and implications that ideal hydrodynamical limit has not been reached at RHIC.
description: Proceedings for Strangeness in Quark Matter 2008
On electrostatic and Casimir force measurements between conducting surfaces in a sphere-plane configuration
Creators: name: Kim, W. J.
name: Brown-Hayes, M.
name: Dalvit, D. A. R.
name: Brownell, J. H.
name: Onofrio, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of forces acting between two conducting surfaces in a spherical-plane configuration in the 35 nm-1 micrometer separation range. The measurements are obtained by performing electrostatic calibrations followed by a residual analysis after subtracting the electrostatic-dependent component. We find in all runs optimal fitting of the calibrations for exponents smaller than the one predicted by electrostatics for an ideal sphere-plane geometry. We also find that the external bias potential necessary to minimize the electrostatic contribution depends on the sphere-plane distance. In spite of these anomalies, by implementing a parametrixation-dependent subtraction of the electrostatic contribution we have found evidence for short-distance attractive forces of magnitude comparable to the expected Casimir-Lifshitz force. We finally discuss the relevance of our findings in the more general context of Casimir-Lifshitz force measurements, with particular regard to the critical issues of the electrical and geometrical characterization of the involved surfaces.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Clinical supervision: exploration of attitudes in mental health inpatient units from a leadership perspective
Creators: name: McIntosh, Maggie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Clinical Supervision has been identified as a means to support and enhance professional development and is recommended for all mental health nurses. However, it continues to have limited uptake in some mental health services, particularly within inpatient units. There is also confusion about what actually constitutes clinical supervision which is often misguidedly seen as line management supervision. One factor that has been identified as increasing the uptake or implementation of clinical supervision in inpatient units has been strong management support for clinical supervision practice (Lynch, Hancox, Happell, & Parker, 2008). The aims and objectives of the research project were to explore the knowledge, understanding of and attitudes towards clinical supervision of the senior clinical leaders of the inpatient mental health units of a large metropolitan public mental health service, located in Melbourne. Data collected included participants details, the clinical leaders' participation in having their own clinical supervision and their support of staff in taking up clinical supervision. The researcher was interested in the individual's experience of clinical supervision and hence used hermeneutic phenomenology methodology and employed individual interviews as the primary method of capturing the data. The preliminary results from this research will be presented with particular focus on the enablers and barriers to the uptake of clinical supervision practice in mental health inpatient units from a leadership perspective. The results will inform collaboration between senior clinical leaders and the practice development team to increase the uptake of clinical supervision in inpatient units.
Doing Too Much: The Standard Deduction and the Conflict Between Progressivity and Simplification
Creators: name: Brooks II, John R.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2011

description: In U.S. federal income tax, the standard deduction, along with the personal exemptions, provides taxpayers with a minimum amount of untaxed income, effectively creating a “zero bracket amount.” For historical and political reasons, however, the standard deduction also operates as a simplified substitute for the itemized deductions, such as the deductions for extraordinary medical expenses, charitable contributions, and home mortgage interest. This seemingly reasonable compromise in fact leads to substantial, and surprising, conceptual complexity. In particular, close analysis of each of the two roles shows that their effects, and related criticisms, are often contradictory, which in turn makes it difficult, if not impossible, to have coherent policy debates regarding the proper roles of the standard deduction and the personal deductions. This flawed compromise between progressivity and simplification is not necessary. We can replace the standard deduction with a true, independent zero bracket amount and a floor under the itemized deductions while staying revenue- and distribution-neutral. This would effectively divorce the two roles of the standard deduction—zero bracket amount and simplification of the itemized deductions—leading to more coherence in individual income taxation and giving more flexibility to policymakers. This article proposes further to disaggregate the single floor under the itemized deductions into multiple, independent floors under each itemized deduction. This also would lead to greater coherence and flexibility in tax system design. While creating multiple floors would marginally increase complexity for some taxpayers, the costs of such complexity are justified in light of the benefits of more accuracy and coherence.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011)
Thermodynamical Material Networks for Modeling, Planning, and Control of Circular Material Flows
Creators: name: Zocco, Federico
name: Sopasakis, Pantelis
name: Smyth, Beatrice
name: Haddad, Wassim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Waste production, carbon dioxide atmospheric accumulation, and dependence on finite natural resources are expressions of the unsustainability of the current industrial networks that supply fuels, energy, and manufacturing products. In particular, circular manufacturing supply chains and carbon control networks are urgently needed. To model and design these and, in general, any material networks, we propose to generalize the approach used for traditional networks such as water and thermal power systems by using compartmental dynamical thermodynamics and graph theory. The key idea is that the thermodynamic compartments and their connections can be added, removed or modified as needed to achieve a circular material flow. The design methodology is explained and its application is illustrated through examples. In addition, we provide a physics-based definition of circularity and, by implementing a nonlinear compartmental control, we strengthen the connection between "Industry 4.0" and "Sustainability". The paper source code is publicly available.
description: Submitted
The measurement of rural, remote and outpost triage nurse decisions in the Western Australian Country Health Service - Goldfields Region
Creators: name: Sealey, Kylie Grace Kathleen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction: Triage is an autonomous nursing role, undertaken in the Emergency Department and involves the process of clinical assessment in order to determine the distribution of resources to patients. Background: Several studies have examined the consistency of triage in a mix of metropolitan and country health sites around Australia. No study has measured the consistency of triage in an area as geographically remote as the Western Australian Country Health Service Goldfields Region. Aim: The aim of this research was to measure the accuracy and consistency of triage nurse decisionmaking in one Western Australian Country Health Region and determine if health site or demographic data impact triage decisions. Methods: Triage scenarios previously validated through research by LeVasseur et al. (2001a) were utilised. The sample selection was purposive, secondary to the need to recruit from a specific nursing populace. An invitation to participate was sent through a third party and ensured confidentiality. The method of data collection was limited to an online questionnaire that focused on demographic data and triage scenarios. Data analysis included the use of SPSS software and descriptive analytic techniques. Overall triage consistency was measured using Fleiss' kappa coefficient. Results: There was no significant difference in the consistency of decision-making in paediatric and adult scenarios. The accuracy of participants triage decision-making decreased with each less urgent triage category. Post-graduate qualifications had no bearing on triage consistency. Overall inter-rater agreement, using Fleiss' kappa coefficient, was 0.44. This represents a fair-to-good level of interrater agreement. Conclusion: A framework needs to exist that defines acceptable error rates in triage decisionmaking. It is recommended that performance indicator thresholds be adapted as acceptable frequencies of triage inter-rater agreement. Fleiss' kappa should be adopted as a nationally accepted descriptor to enable the quantification of triage consistency. The Goldfields' triage nurses need to complete the ETEK and participate in annual triage self-auditing.
Circular Argument: What is Wrong, and Right, with the Circular 230 “Covered Opinion” Regulations
Creators: name: Hodaszy, Steven Z.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2011

description: The covered opinion regulations set forth in Treasury Department Circular 230 impose a number of stringent requirements on the provision of written tax advice by attorneys, accountants and others admitted to practice before the Internal Revenue Service. Since they became effective in 2005, the covered opinion regulations have been disparaged by both practitioners and scholars as overly broad and unduly burdensome. The regulations were originally intended to govern advice concerning potentially abusive tax shelters; however, they are drafted so broadly that they actually apply to written opinions regarding virtually any tax matter—including routine and legitimate tax planning. On the occasion of their five-year anniversary, attorney Steven Z. Hodaszy examines the covered opinion regulations and analyzes whether their benefits justify their burdens. Hodaszy contends that, because of a continuing need to reign in unscrupulous opinion practices in the tax shelter area, some form of the regulations must remain in place. Yet he also maintains that the regulations should be reformed so that they clearly apply only to tax shelter advice (as they were meant to). To accomplish this, Hodaszy proposes a specific textual revision to the regulations’ definition of a “covered opinion.” In conjunction with that proposal, he argues for the repeal of rules that presently allow practitioners to opt out of compliance with the regulations under some circumstances. Similarly, he rejects calls to restrict application of the regulations to practitioners who “opt in” to compliance with them. Neither the current “opt-out” rules nor an alternative “opt-in” approach would be justifiable, once the covered opinion regulations are appropriately restricted to advice concerning tax shelters. Moreover, as Hodaszy explains, either maintaining the “opt-out” rules or replacing them with an “opt-in” regime could effectively vitiate the regulations altogether, in the advent of a new strict-liability accuracy-related penalty for transactions lacking economic substance. Hodaszy asserts that, with the changes he proposes, the covered opinion regulations can instead continue to function as an important tool to deter abusive tax shelters, but without imposing detrimentally on other areas of tax practice.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011)
Exploring equivalence and differences in software methods
Creators: name: Teixeira, Tarcisio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This thesis presents a novel technique for the comprehensive analysis and characterization of differences between two versions of a method. Building upon the foundations of Differential Symbolic Execution [13], our approach extends the concept of equivalence to effectively prove method functional equivalence or, when not equivalent, provide input constraints that narrow down the input space leading to divergent behaviors. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we developed a prototype tool and conducted an extensive study using the IntroClass benchmark for Java. Our research sought to answer two critical research questions: 1) the effectiveness of our approach in classifying functionally equivalent programs compared to a standard partition-effects equivalence technique, and 2) the robustness of our approach in restricting the input space to pinpoint behavioral differences. The results of our evaluation demonstrate the significant potential of our approach in specifying the differences between method versions by characterizing the partition of the input space where those differences unfold. While our technique can establish program equivalence, we acknowledge that further evaluation and real-world application are needed to fully validate its practical competency. This thesis contributes a promising methodology for analyzing and characterizing method differences, offering a valuable tool for software engineers and researchers in the field of program analysis and verification. Future research and real-world applications could provide additional insights into the practical benefits and limitations of this approach.
Data for Generations - Keeping data reusable for really long periods of time
Creators: name: Markus, Katharina
name: Parmaksiz, Uta
name: Svoboda, Nikolai
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Meier, Kristin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: digital preservation
research data management
bonares

description: An increasing amount of published data with various data types and formats generates challenges for reusability of research data. Since published content is essential for scientific research over long time periods, reusability should not be limited by the life-time of a format. Various other limitations like unclear usage rights may also impact reuse in the scientific context. This presentation regarding format recommendations, including surveys and an exercise, was held at the international BonaRes Data Workshop "Make the best of your data" (29. 09. 2021) by ZALF and ZB MED. The workshop's aim was introducing scientists to efficient management and proper tools that support scientists in their daily work in general and specifically when using the BonaRes Data Repository. The presentation introduces the challenge of format diversity, which is explained in relation to digital preservation methods. Recommendations for format types when publishing data are given: open, text-based and popular formats. Further recommendations regarding files are conveyed: files without passwords, sufficient rights information and metadata. Following the recommendations supports data reusability over the long term. An exercise for the participants, ranking formats according to their suitability for digital preservation, is included. Similarly, the participants' answers to surveys regarding used data types and file formats, as well as data reuse issues are added.