Callopistiella atacamensis
Creators: name: Fuente, María Carolina Silva-De La
name: Paredes-León, Ricardo
name: Casanueva, María Eugenia
name: Escobar-Huerta, Gustavo
name: Salas, Lucila Moreno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Pterygosomatidae
Callopistiella
Callopistiella atacamensis

description: Callopistiella atacamensis Silva-de la Fuente, Casanueva and Moreno sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–7)
Description. FEMALE (holotype; 16 paratypes): Gnathosoma (Figs. 1 A–B, 2 D): Ventral subcapitulum with seta n thin and branched; seta el absent. Palps robust and 2/3 shorter than hypostome; femora, genua and tibiae clearly wider than long; femora and genua with pectinate seta d, seta of femur 2 times longer than genual seta; tibia with pectinate seta l’T and seta v nude. Palpal tarsus small and rounded (Fig. 1 A), tibial claw long, robust and curved. Palp tarsus with ω and 6 short setae, 3 pectinate, 3 very slightly pectinate. Peritremes short. Hypostome (Fig. 1 A– B): simple, membranous vellum and rostral flange absent.
Idiosoma (Fig. 2 A–B): cuticle striate except on prodorsal shield and coxae; moderate hypertrichy on genital area. Dorsum (Fig. 2 A) with setae vi, ve, sci, sce, c1, c2, d1, d2, e1, e2, f1, h1, h2 and ps1-3). Setae vi situated on prodorsal shield, sce situated near eyes. All setae pectinated except extensively pectinate setae h1, h2, ps1–3; apices of all setae reaching level of next transversal setal row. Prodorsal shield shaped as inverted triangle, slightly concave anterior and rounded posterior. Setae vi and ve close to one another (Fig. 2 C); Cupules ip and ih not visible; c3 absent. Venter (Fig. 2 B). Setae 1a, 2a and 3a barbed and thin, 1b, 2b, 2c 3b, 3c, 3d and 4b pectinate and thin (Fig. 1 C–D). Setae ag1, ag2 and ag3 pectinate, setae g1 extensively pectinate; moderate hypertrichy present around genital area with 10 additional pairs of extensively pectinate.
Legs (Fig. 2 E): Trochanters I–IV with setiform, long and pectinate seta v’. Femora I–II with setiform and pectinate setae v’, l’, v", l", d and pv, setae l’, d and v’ of femora III–IV setiform. Genua I–II with robust and pectinate setae v’, l’, v’’ and l", seta d setiform, long and slightly pectinate, genua III–IV with setae v’ and l’ robust and pectinate, seta d setiform, long and slightly pectinate. Tibiae I–IV with robust setae v’, l’, v" and l", seta d setiform, long and pectinate. Tarsi I with setae tc’, tc" simple and long; p’, p" feather-like and small; it’, it" simple as short eupathidia; a’, a’’ long and simple eupathidia; u’, u" pectinate and short; vs’, vs" and pl pectinate and very long; seta ft nude, long and associated with solenidion ω2. Tarsi II–III with setae tc’, tc", vs’, vs" pectinate and very long; p’, p" pectinate and short; a’, a" feather-like and small; u’, u" pectinate and short; solenidion ω near to setae pair tc. Tarsi IV same as Tarsi II–III except without solenidion ω. Legs I–IV setal formula (+solenidion): trochanter 1-1-1-1, femur 6-6-3-3, genu 5-5-3-3, tibia 5-5-5-5 and tarsus 15(ω)-11(ω)11(ω)-10.
Measurements. HOLOTYPE female (range of holotype and 16 paratypes). Idiosoma length (gnathosoma excluded): 850 (800–1100), idiosoma maximum width: 670 (660–900), prodorsal shield length: 100 (90–100), prodorsal shield width (at anterior margin): 100 (all 100); width between setal pair vi on prodorsal shield: 80 (60– 90), width between setal pair ve on prodorsal shield: 100 (100–150), width between setal pair sci on prodorsal shield: 100 (80–100), setal lengths: vi 100 (100–160), ve 160 (100–170), sci 160 (100–190); sce (ocular setae): 170 (100–190); leg lengths (excluding coxa and ambulacrum): leg I 470 (470–600), leg II 490 (370–570), leg III 600 (460–600), leg IV 680 (640–800); solenidion ω2 of tarsus I length: 16 (16–27), ft (companion seta of solenidion ω2 of tarsus I) length: 30 (30–50), solenidion ω of tarsus II length: 8 (8–10), solenidion ω of tarsus III length: 8 (8– 10); gnathosoma length: 180 (170–200), base of gnathosoma width: 180 (170–200), subcapitular setae n length: 58 (52–75), chelicerae length: 150 (100–180), chelicerae width: 30 (30–47), palp length 100 (all 100), palp width 50 (50–80), palp-claw length: 16 (10–20), peritreme length (complete): 47 (40–69).
MALE (3 paratypes). Gnathosoma (Fig. 3 A): Subcapitulum with seta n pectinate and without el; palpal tibia with slightly barbed seta v and palpal tarsus small and rounded with ω and 6 setae, 1 nude and 5 pectinate. Tibial claw robust and curved.
Idiosoma (Fig. 3 - B; 4 A–B): Cuticle highly striated, coxae robust; heavy chitinized coxae. Setae sce and c2 present. Dorsal shield pentagonal (Fig. 3 B; 4 C), with concave anterior margin, with setae ve, vi and sci. Setae ve and vi close to one another. Coxal setae 1b, 2b, 1a, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a and ag genital setae ag1 very thin and slightly barbed. Dorsal setae c3, coxal setae 4c and genital setae g1 absent. Setae h1 and h2 pectinate. Setae ps1 short, thick and spine-like; ps2–ps3 nude; setae f2 very close to ps3 (Fig. 3 D). Cupules ip and ih not visible; without hypertrichy on genital area.
Legs (Fig. 3 C; 4 D) as in female, except for femora I–II without seta v’’ and l’’; tibia III with v’ solid and long (Fig. 4 D). Setal numbers on legs I–IV: trochanters 1-1-1-0, femora 4-4-3-3, genua 5-5-3-3, tibiae 5-5-5-5 and tarsi 15(ω)-11(ω)-11(ω)-10
Measurements. Male (range of three paratypes). Idiosoma length (gnathosoma excluded): 430–450, idiosoma maximum width: all 300, prodorsal shield length: all 100, prodorsal shield width (at anterior margin): 80–90, width between setal pair vi on prodorsal shield: 40–50, width between setal pair ve on prodorsal shield: all 70, width between setal pair sci on prodorsal shield: all 70, setal lengths vi: 60–70, ve 60–100, sci 60–90, sce (ocular setae): all 100; leg lengths (excluding coxa and ambulacrum): leg I all 300, leg II 200–300, leg III 300–400, leg IV 400– 500, solenidion ω2 of tarsus I length 20–30, ft (companion seta of solenidion ω2 of tarsus I) length all 30, solenidion ω of tarsus II length all 5, solenidion ω of tarsus III length all 5; gnathosoma length: all 100, base of gnathosoma width: 100, subcapitular setae n length: all 40, chelicerae length: 90–100, chelicerae width (at base): all 30, palp length: 90–100, palp width: 40–50, palp claw length: all 20, peritreme length (complete): all 30.
LARVA (10 paratypes). Gnathosoma: Setae n and el on subcapitulum absent; femora and genua with pectinate seta d (Fig. 5 A); seta l´T slightly pectinate and short nude seta v. Palpal tarsus small with solenidion ω and 5 setae, 3 nude setae and 2 long pectinated setae; palpal claw robust and curved.
Idiosoma. (Fig. 5 B, 6 A–C): Highly striated, with pectinate and long setae vi, ve, sci, sce, c1, c2, d1, d2, e1 and f1 as in female; h1, h2, ps1–3 extensively pectinate; setal pairs f2, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3c, 3d, ag1-3 and g1 absent. Dorsal shield shaped as an inverted triangle, with 3 pairs of pectinate setae ve, vi and sci, Setae ve and vi close to one another. Seta sci pectinate and long.
Legs (Fig. 5 D, 6 D). Solenidion ω1 present on tarsus I. Tibia I without φ (Fig. 5 D). Trochanters I–III without setae v; femora I–II without setae v" and pv; genua I–II without setal pair l", v" and d; genua III only seta v´. Setal numbers on legs I–III (solenidion in brackets): trochanter 0-0-0, femur 4-4-3, genua 2-2-1, tibia 5-5-5 and tarsi 13(ω)-12-12.
Measurements. Larva. Idiosoma length (gnathosoma excluded): 280–370, idiosoma maximum width: 240– 280, prodorsal shield length: 80–100, prodorsal shield width (at anterior margin): 80–90, width between setal pair vi on prodorsal shield: 40–50, width between setal pair ve on prodorsal shield: all 80, width between setal pair sci on prodorsal shield: 60–70, setal lengths vi: 70–100, ve all 100, sci all 100, sce (ocular setae): all 100; leg lengths (excluding coxa and ambulacrum): leg I 240–260, leg II 200–230, leg III 230–250, solenidion ω2 of tarsus I length: 10–20, ft (companion seta of solenidion ω2 of tarsus I), length: 36–65, gnathosoma length: 100–160, base of gnathosoma width: 90–140, chelicerae length: 90–150, chelicerae width (at base): 19–25, palp length: 63–94, palp width: 28–41, palp claw length: 14–19, peritreme length (complete): 19–31.
Type material examined. Female HOLOTYPE (MZUC 40360), 16 female, 3 male and 10 larvae PARATYPES (CNAC 007255-58, MZUC 40361-64, MZUC 43635-38, MZUC 4639-43, CDCP 320-33) from Callopistes maculatus (Gravenhorst) (Squamata: Teiidae), CALDERA: Copiapó Province, Atacama Region, 26°56’S, 70°44’W, August 2010, Coll. Juan Carlos Ortiz and Gustavo Escobar.
Type deposition. Museo de Zoología Universidad de Concepción (MZUC).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the collecting locality, Atacama.
Remarks. Under laboratory conditions larvae of Callopistiella atacamensis sp. nov. started to molt into nymphs during the second week and by the third week they became adults. Some larvae were observed molting and nymphs becoming adults, both with a prodehiscent shedding. At the end of the sixth week, 84 individuals were found dead after checking the sand under a stereoscopic magnifier. Eleven adults were found alive and four females were separated from them and put individually in small bottles held at 26.6°C and 73.4% RH. Approximately 7 days later, those females oviposited a total of 33 eggs (4, 5, 11 and 13 respectively), of 0.29 mm long and 0.21 mm wide (only one egg was measured, Fig. 7). Eggs changed color over the following days, going from white to orange and finally transparent, and in its interior we observed an orange deutoovum. The first larva hatching was 16 days later, but was not fully complete. This situation repeated itself in other larvae that were found dried inside the egg. Due to this, humidity had to be provided through wet towels, reaching 91.7% RH, after this the next hatchings were successful. This led us to suppose that this mite species is very sensitive to environmental humidity changes.
description: Published as part of Fuente, María Carolina Silva-De La, Paredes-León, Ricardo, Casanueva, María Eugenia, Escobar-Huerta, Gustavo & Salas, Lucila Moreno, 2015, A new genus and species of pterygosomatid mite (Acari: Pterygosomatidae) parasitizing Callopistes maculatus (Squamata: Teiidae) from Chile, pp. 65-74 in Zootaxa 3972 (1) on pages 67-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3972.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/288906