cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intra-industry trade: a statistical artefact or a real phenomenon?
Creators: name: VONA, S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Intra-industry trade
subject: F10

description: Economists have been discussing the phenomenon of intra-industry trade, whereby trade has taken place for at least fifteen years between countries in products that are essentially the same as those that can be produced domestically. Arguments rage between those who see such trade as a true economic phenomenon and those who believe it is largely a statistical phenomenon that would disappear if appropriate industry definitions were used. The author concludes that neither side have proved their case and that existing trade data is inadequate for such a purpose. JEL: F10
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
Agricultural Mechanization and South-South Knowledge Exchange: What can Ghanaian and Nigerian policymakers learn from Bangladesh’s experience?
Creators: name: Aboagye, Patrick O.
name: Abubakar, Abdullahi Garba
name: Adama, Abdulai Iddrisu
name: Lawal, Akeem Oyeyemi
name: Musa, Aliyu Abdullahi
name: Aboagye, Patrick O.
name: Abubakar, Abdullahi Garba
name: Adama, Abdulai Iddrisu
name: Lawal, Akeem Oyeyemi
name: Musa, Aliyu Abdullahi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Bangladesh
subject: Ghana
subject: Nigeria
subject: mechanization

description: Bangladesh recently has experienced fast growth in agricultural mechanization. Nationally, the share of area cultivated by tractors and power tillers increased from 30 percent in the mid-1990s to 95 percent in 2015, with power tillers being used on three-quarters of the mechanically cultivated area. Moreover, agricultural machinery is not only used on large farms in Bangladesh, but has spread among smallholder farmers that own an average of 0.5 hectares (ha) of cropland. Supply of machinery for this rapid growth of mechanization has been based primarily on imports, as the capacity for local manufacturing of agricultural machinery is still limited.
The “productivity miracle” of the Reagan-Thatcher years in perspective
Creators: name: HEALEY, N.M.
name: STROBEL, F.R.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Productivity, U.S., U.K., Long-term growth
subject: E23, O40

description: Annual productivity growth in the UK and US economies had slumped dismally behind that of competitor economies. The policy of the ‘New Right’ in the 1980s in the United States and the United Kingdom was to stimulate productivity growth and this succeeded in reversing the relative decline of the economies. The author reviews a number of key variables over the period since the 1950s and concludes that radical changes have indeed taken place in both economies, although the changes are not of a nature that you would expect to provide a solid basis for steady long-term growth and success. JEL: E23, O40
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
The Italian Mezzogiorno: markets or policies?
Creators: name: BOLTHO, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Southern Italy, Development, Capital, Infrastructure, Public goods
subject: O20, O52

description: Two authoritative institutions, the Italian Treasury and the OECD, have recently joined the debate on how best to promote the development of Southern Italy. While the former argued for a multi-faceted strategy emphasising the importance of increasing capital, the latter maintained that governments should refrain from policy activism and instead limit public intervention to infrastructure and public goods. The issue at stake, however, is not the crude one of whether development is best promoted by laissez faire or by intervention, but the much subtler one of the right proportions in which policies and market forces should be combined. The purpose of this brief note is to look at which of the two approaches is, in the light of past evidence, the one most likely to further Southern development. JEL: O20, O52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
The state of doctoral research in Uzbekistan: Results of a survey of doctoral students in agricultural economics
Der Stand von Promotionsvorhaben in Usbekistan: Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Doktoranden der Agrarökonomie
Creators: name: Ganiev, Ibragim
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Hasanov, Shavkat
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Ganiev, Ibragim
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Hasanov, Shavkat
name: Petrick, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: PhD survey
subject: agricultural economics
subject: postgraduate education system
subject: student experience
subject: Uzbekistan
subject: Doktorandenbefragung
subject: Agrarökonomie
subject: Doktorandenausbildung
subject: Studentenerfahrung
subject: Usbekistan
subject: опрос докторантов
subject: экономика сельского хозяйства
subject: система послевузовского образования
subject: квалификация исследователей
subject: Узбекистан

description: The present study assesses the state of doctoral research and postgraduate education in agricultural economics in higher education institutions (HEI) in Uzbekistan and outlines initiatives for change. To better understand the content, process, and outcomes of postgraduate education and doctoral research, a survey of 72 doctoral students in HEI was conducted. The survey data show that the respondents cooperate little with their peers outside of Uzbekistan, lack international peer-reviewed publications and training in relevant theories and methods, and are underrepresented in international scientific events and associations. Furthermore, the scarcity of research funds and individual reearch space, as well as an excessive teaching load were indicated as key factors affecting the quality of doctoral research. Almost all respondents were satisfied with their current supervision, but were interested in being co-supervised by foreign professors. Most PhD students wish to continue their professional career within academia. Future reforms should enhance the quality and relevance of structured education programmes for PhD students, raise the incentives for conducting high-quality research that is published internationally, and support national and international collaboration between researchers.
The reform of federal deposit insurance: the options
Creators: name: HALL, M.J.B.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Federal deposit insurance, U.S., Reform
subject: G21

description: Discussion of federal deposit insurance reform is currently under way in the United States. The current pressures on deposit insurance funds are thought to have contributed to the present instabilities of the US financial system. The author reviews the issues being raised by the current review. Reform is definitely going to happen, but the nature of such reform is still open to question. Where principles appear to be clear, the practicalities often are not. JEL: G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
On the fragility of reputational equilibria under systematic uncertainty: what is wrong with rational expectation
Creators: name: SACCO, P.L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Reputational equilibria, Informational asymmetry, Individual monitoring, Monetary policy
subject: D82, E52

description: The present work examines the case in which the imperfect monitoring of policy does not derive from the existence of some informational asymmetry, but rather directly from a limited monitoring ability of economic agents in a framework that is closest in its essence to that of complete information. This shows that imperfections in the individual monitoring abilities destroy the very possibility of a reputational equilibria. Thus, the existing literature on credibility and reputation does not provide a convincing explanation of the existence of reputational effects in the real world policy game. The author argues that the use of rational expectations models in policy analysis is even less motivated than their use as a rigorous theoretical description of the working of the economic system. As a consequence, a major change in the analytical framework is required to achieve a sensible model of reputational forces in the conduct of monetary policy. JEL: D82, E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
Coherence stabilization of a two-qubit gate by AC fields
Creators: name: Romero, Karen M. Fonseca
name: Kohler, Sigmund
name: Hänggi, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a CNOT gate operation under the influence of quantum bit-flip noise and demonstrate that ac fields can change bit-flip noise into phase noise and thereby improve coherence up to several orders of magnitude while the gate operation time remains unchanged. Within a high-frequency approximation, both purity and fidelity of the gate operation are studied analytically. The numerical treatment with a Bloch-Redfield master equation confirms the analytical results.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Summary of ICHEP 2004
Creators: name: Ellis, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aspects of ICHEP 2004 are summarized from a theoretical point of view. QCD works, new NNLO calculations are becoming available and new string calculational tools are emerging, but no conclusions can yet be drawn about the discovery of the quark-gluon plasma or pentaquarks. The small upward shift in the experimental value of m_t raises somewhat the central value of the Higgs mass extracted from a global electroweak fit, and the CKM model describes well the data from the B factories. The Super-Kamiokande, KamLAND and K2K experiments have evidence for oscillation dips in their neutrino data. Little Higgs models are interesting alternatives to low-energy supersymmetry for stabilizing the electroweak scale. Convincing experimental evidence for dark matter particles is still lacking. The LHC is on its way, the technology choice clarifies the roadmap for the ILC, and a multi-TeV CLIC would also have rich physics agenda.
description: 19 pages LaTeX, 12 eps figures, Summary of the International Conference on High-Energy Physics, Beijing, China, August 2004
Additional file 1 of Bacterial aetiology of chronic otitis media with effusion in children - risk factors
Creators: name: Korona-Glowniak, Izabela
name: Wisniewska, Agata
name: Juda, Marek
name: Kielbik, Karolina
name: Grazyna Niedzielska
name: Malm, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The analysis of differences in sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of PCR and culture methods in otopathogens identification.
The formation of fix and flex prices and monetary theory: an appraisal of John Hicks’ A market theory of money
Creators: name: KREGEL, J.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: John Hicks, A market theory of money, SI-LL
subject: B22, B31, E30

description: The work represents an analysis of Sir John Hick’s book A market theory of money. Sir John has, on a number of occasions, taken his distance from the SI-LL model and what has been made of it in mainstream economics. He has never done this with respect to his own approach to money, or discussed why, given the initial similarity with Keynes’ approach to liquidity, he went on to develop a diverse approach. It is this difference which will be the centre of our discussion. JEL: B22, B31, E30
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 175 (1990)
Soft phonons and structural phase transitions in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_{4}$
Creators: name: Kimura, H.
name: Noda, Y.
name: Goka, H.
name: Fujita, M.
name: Yamada, K.
name: Shirane, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft phonon behavior associated with a structural phase transition from the low-temperature-orthorhombic (LTO) phase ($Bmab$ symmetry) to the low-temperature-tetragonal (LTT) phase ($P4_{2}/ncm$ symmetry) was investigated in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_{4}$ using neutron scattering. As temperature decreases, the TO-mode at $Z$-point softens and approaches to zero energy around $T_{\rm d2}=62$ K, where the LTO -- LTT transition occurs. Below $T_{\rm d2}$, the phonon hardens quite rapidly and it's energy almost saturates below 50 K. At $T_{\rm d2}$, the energy dispersion of the soft phonon along in-plane direction significantly changes while the dispersion along out-of-plane direction is almost temperature independent. Coexistence between the LTO phase and the LTT phase, seen in both the soft phonon spectra and the peak profiles of Bragg reflection, is discussed in context of the order of structural phase transitions.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Robust time-of-arrival localization via ADMM
Creators: name: Xiong, Wenxin
name: Schindelhauer, Christian
name: So, Hing Cheung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article considers the problem of source localization (SL) using possibly unreliable time-of-arrival (TOA) based range measurements. Adopting the strategy of statistical robustification, we formulate TOA SL as minimization of a versatile loss that possesses resistance against the occurrence of outliers. We then present an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to tackle the nonconvex optimization problem in a computationally attractive iterative manner. Moreover, we prove that the solution obtained by the proposed ADMM will correspond to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker point of the formulation when the algorithm converges, and discuss reasonable assumptions about the robust loss function under which the approach can be theoretically guaranteed to be convergent. Numerical investigations demonstrate the superiority of our method over many existing TOA SL schemes in terms of positioning accuracy and computational simplicity. In particular, the proposed ADMM achieves estimation results with mean square error performance closer to the Cramér-Rao lower bound than its competitors in our simulations of impulsive noise environments.
description: Should you have any questions regarding this contribution, please don't hesitate to reach out to me via email at w.x.xiong@outlook.com
Non-Hermitian skin effect enforced by nonsymmorphic symmetries
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yutaro
name: Takahashi, Ryo
name: Okugawa, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal symmetries play an essential role in band structures of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. In this paper, we propose a non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) enforced by nonsymmorphic symmetries. We show that the NHSE inevitably occurs if a two-dimensional non-Hermitian system satisfies conditions derived from the nonsymmorphic symmetry of the doubled Hermitian Hamiltonian. This NHSE occurs in symmetry classes with and without time-reversal symmetry. The NHSE enforced by nonsymmorphic symmetries always occurs simultaneously with the closing of the point gap at zero energy. We also show that such a NHSE can occur in specific three-dimensional space groups with nonsymmorphic symmetries.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Energy-efficient topology to enhance the wireless sensor network lifetime using connectivity control
Creators: name: Yari, Meysam
name: Hadikhani, Parham
name: Asgharzadeh, Zohreh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless sensor networks have attracted much attention because of many applications in the fields of industry, military, medicine, agriculture, and education. In addition, the vast majority of researches has been done to expand its applications and improve its efficiency. However, there are still many challenges for increasing the efficiency in different parts of this network. One of the most important parts is to improve the network lifetime in the wireless sensor network. Since the sensor nodes are generally powered by batteries, the most important issue to consider in these types of networks is to reduce the power consumption of the nodes in such a way as to increase the network lifetime to an acceptable level. The contribution of this paper is using topology control, the threshold for the remaining energy in nodes, and two of the meta-algorithms include SA (Simulated annealing) and VNS (Variable Neighbourhood Search) to increase the energy remaining in the sensors. Moreover, using a low-cost spanning tree, an appropriate connectivity control among nodes is created in the network in order to increase the network lifetime. The results of simulations show that the proposed method improves the sensor lifetime and reduces the energy consumed.
Econometric contributions of the Cowles Commission, 1944-47. A retrospective view
Creators: name: KLEIN, L.R.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Econometrics, Cowles commission
subject: B23

description: The Cowles Commission's econometric work had a profound effect on economic analysis after the Second World War. Econometrics was a young discipline at that time and the author discusses the principle contributors and their work at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics. Successful econometrics relies on combining economics with mathematics and statistics. It is also important to remember that quantitative economics does not give results that are robust in very small confidence areas - rather they provide guidance for policy makers and facilitate a better understanding of the economy. JEL: B23
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
Additional file 7 of Assessment of Helicobacter pylori positive infected patients according to Clarithromycin resistant 23S rRNA, rpl22 associated mutations and cyp2c19*1, *2, *3 genes pattern in the Early stage of Gastritis
Creators: name: Maghami, Atena Abedi
name: Mobarez, Ashraf Mohabati
name: Yadegar, Abbas
name: Nikkhah, Maryam
name: Sadeghi, Amir
name: Esmaeili, Saber
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Early Stage of Gastritis: Endoscopic Image.
Key problems of creating a central European payments union
Creators: name: VAN BRABANT, J.M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Post-Soviet transition, Payments union
subject: P20, F33

description: The paper analyses the pros and cons of assisting Eastern European countries with some payment facility in their transition to market system over the next few years. The rationale underlying scheme, as well as the varied criticism such proposals have elicited are provided. The author presents the arguments for coming to grips with the prevailing and emerging external-payment constraints of the reforming countries, the original proposal for a payments facility, and some concrete data on what precisely will be involved in terms of capital commitments, credit facilities and behavioural constraints under international surveillance. JEL: P20, F33
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
Observation of the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61
Creators: name: Goehler, E.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Staubert, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an observation of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61 with the EPIC cameras on XMM-Newton performed on 2003 January 24. The pulse phase averaged spectrum can be best described by the sum of a black body with a temperature of kT_BB = 0.395(5) keV and a power law with photon index Gamma = 3.62(5). The unabsorbed 2-10 keV flux is ~7.2x10^-11 erg s^-1 cm^-2. No evidence for additional spectral features such as cyclotron lines is present. These results are consistent with those from an earlier Chandra observation in 2001 May. Phase resolved spectroscopy over the 8.6882(2) s period (MJD 52663.93) shows clear variations with pulse phase of Gamma, while kT_BB shows a small variation of ~12%. We confirm earlier conclusions by Oezel (2001) that the emission from AXPs is more likely to originate from neutron stars with one single and magnetically active region on the neutron star. The significantly different behavior of the soft and hard spectral components with pulse phase, however, cannot be fully reconciled with the present magnetar emission models.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Sex determination in the GIFT strain of tilapia is controlled by a locus in linkage group 23
Creators: name: Khanam Taslima
name: Wehner, Stefanie
name: Taggart, John B.
name: Verdal, Hugues De
name: Benzie, John A. H.
name: Bekaert, Michaël
name: McAndrew, Brendan J.
name: Penman, David J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Genome-wide association plot with the phenotypic sex for each Stirling and GIFT family from BSA-ddRAD analysis. Each dot represents a SNP and the Y-axis represents the magnitude of association (−log10P value of F-test) of the SNP with phenotypic sex, while the X-axis represents the position in the linkage groups of the assembled Nile tilapia genome. The alternating blue and green colours are used to distinguish between chromosomes. The red solid line represents a q-value of 0.05 and the blue solid line represents a q-value of 0.01.
Algorithmic Cluster Expansions for Quantum Problems
Creators: name: Mann, Ryan L.
name: Minko, Romy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a general framework for developing approximation algorithms for a class of counting problems. Our framework is based on the cluster expansion of abstract polymer models formalism of Kotecký and Preiss. We apply our framework to obtain efficient algorithms for (1) approximating probability amplitudes of a class of quantum circuits close to the identity, (2) approximating expectation values of a class of quantum circuits with operators close to the identity, (3) approximating partition functions of a class of quantum spin systems at high temperature, and (4) approximating thermal expectation values of a class of quantum spin systems at high temperature with positive-semidefinite operators. Further, we obtain hardness of approximation results for approximating probability amplitudes of quantum circuits and partition functions of quantum spin systems. This establishes a computational complexity transition for these problems and shows that our algorithmic conditions are optimal under complexity-theoretic assumptions. Finally, we show that our algorithmic condition is almost optimal for expectation values and optimal for thermal expectation values in the sense of zero freeness.
description: 22 pages, 0 figures, published version
Saving, investment and growth: recent Asian experience
Creators: name: ARNDT, H.W.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Asia, Investment, Growth, Savings
subject: E20

description: Traditionally dominant economic views have been that growth is a function of investment and that investment is constrained by per capita income. The author suggests that neither assumption stands up to LDC experience. A substantial rate of investment alone does not guarantee growth, neither evidence nor common sense supports the assertion that it should. As early as the 1950s theorists posited that savings ratios depend endogenously upon growth and not vice versa. This article considers the relationships between savings, investment and growth for the Asian economies. JEL: E20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
Disinflation and re-inflation in Italy and the implications for transition to monetary union
Creators: name: DE NARDIS, S.
name: MICOSSI, S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italy, Inflation, Monetary union
subject: E32, E42, F15

description: This paper presents a detailed discussion of inflation in Italy during the 1980s. The early 1980s witnessed disinflation but in the second-half inflation has re-emerged. The paper is relevant to the EMS debate, between the ‘monetarists’ (advocating immediate and irreversible fixity of exchange rates) and the ‘economists’ (warning of systemic rigidities and urging caution). The evidence is mixed: the EMS seems to have been accompanied by a convergence of inflation, but at a cost of stubborn unemployment suggesting that the policy has not been cost-free. Italian data is reviewed in the context of this discussion. JEL: E32, E42, F15
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
Additional file 1 of APOE ε4-dependent effects on the early amyloid pathology in induced neurons of patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Kim, Hongwon
name: Kim, Siyoung
name: Cho, Byounggook
name: Shin, Jaein
name: Kim, Jongpil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
The coupled-channel analysis of the D and D_s mesons
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
name: Tjon, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shift of the p-wave $D_s$ meson mass due to coupling to the DK channel is calculated without fitting parameters using the chiral Lagrangian. As a result the original $Q\bar q$ mass 2.490 MeV generically calculated in the relativistic quark models is shifted down to the experimental value 2317 MeV. With the same Lagrangian the shift of the radial excited $1^-$ level is much smaller, while the total width $Γ> 100$ MeV and the width ratio is in contradiction with the $D^*(2632)$ state observed by SELEX group.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Active particle in a harmonic trap driven by a resetting noise: an approach via Kesten variables
Creators: name: Gueneau, Mathis
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the statics and dynamics of a single particle trapped in a one-dimensional harmonic potential, and subjected to a driving noise with memory, that is represented by a resetting stochastic process. The finite memory of this driving noise makes the dynamics of this particle ``active''. At some chosen times (deterministic or random), the noise is reset to an arbitrary position and restarts its motion. We focus on two resetting protocols: periodic resetting, where the period is deterministic, and Poissonian resetting, where times between resets are exponentially distributed with a rate $r$. Between the different resetting epochs, we can express recursively the position of the particle. The random relation obtained takes a simple Kesten form that can be used to derive an integral equation for the stationary distribution of the position. We provide a detailed analysis of the distribution when the noise is a resetting Brownian motion. In this particular instance, we also derive a renewal equation for the full time dependent distribution of the position that we extensively study. These methods are quite general and can be used to study any process harmonically trapped when the noise is reset at random times.
description: 52 pages, 17 figures. Published version (typos corrected)
International capital mobility and tax avoidance
Creators: name: GIOVANNINI, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tax avoidance, Capital flows
subject: E22, H20

description: This article contributes to the current debate, particularly important in an EC context, as to the efficacy of source-based rather than residency-based taxation of investment income in open economies, and it does this by examining the theoretically extreme cases. Evidence suggests that tax incentives have large effects on international capital flows. In many countries, the purchase of foreign assets is an easy way to avoid taxes. In the main, the costs of tax-avoiding capital flows depends upon the relative interest elasticity of domestic investment with respect to savings. JEL: E22, H20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
title: Aerosol chemistry and air-snow transfer in coastal Antarctica
Creators: name: Hall, Julie Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The aims of this dissertation are to better understand the sources of aerosol particles reaching coastal Antarctica, and the processes that control aerosol deposition to the snow surface and inclusion into the ice.

Daily collections of aerosol particles and surface snow samples were made from British Antarctic Survey base, Halley. Aerosol and snow sea salt were found to have maximum concentrations during the austral winter and non sea salt sulphate and methane sulphonic acid concentrations peaked during the summer, confirming previous work by other authors.These species were compared with local meterological events (such as wind speed and direction) to identify a source for particularly high concentration events. Winter sea salt was found to have a local source, consisting probably of concentrated brine pools on surfaces of freshly formed sea ice and needle-like structures, known as frost flowers, which form from the pools. The sea salt component of these high events was also found to be fractionated, with a deficit of sodium sulphate (mirabilite). Methane sulphonic acid and nonsea salt sulphate did not appear to have a local source. Instead, using back trajectories of air mass origins to identify a longer range aerosol source, high concentration events were associated with the air mass having passed over an area of open water several days before reaching Halley.

The processes of aerosol deposition to the snow surface were then quantified. Dry, fog and wet deposition, sublimation, wind pumping, blowing and drifting snow were examined experimentally and theoretically. For this coastal Antarctic location, wet deposition was found to be highly dominant (80%). Dry deposition accounted for about 10% and drifting and blowing snow were found to be important in determining whether a snowfall event remained recorded in the accumulated snow record, and ultimately in any ice core.

This thesis has suggested that for sea salt, methane sulphonic acid (MSA) and non sea salt sulphate, there may be an alternate way of interpreting concentrations of these species in coastal Antarctic ice cores. Rather than an indication of increased storminess and long range transport, high loadings of sea salt could actually give information on the extent of new, fresh sea ice and could therefore be used to infer the local temperature, sea ice extent and possible wind direction at the time of core formation. Elevated MSA and non sea salt sulphate concentrations in ice cores could also give us information on the extent of open water and not simply an increase in marine biogenic activity and DMS emissions.
A revised estimate of Italian economic growth, 1861-1989
Creators: name: MADDISON, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italy, Growth, GDP estimates
subject: N13

description: A major problem with the existing estimates of Italian GDP estimates for the nineteenth century is that they show virtually no advance in per capita GDP for the three decades before 1890, when all other Western European countries were experiencing significant growth. These estimates have troubled historians trying to interpret Italian economic development as well as analysts of comparative economic performance. The present work examines the problems related to official estimates of Italian GDP and puts forward revised estimates.
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 177 (1991)
Additional file 5 of Hayes Yard virus: a novel ephemerovirus isolated from a bull with severe clinical signs of bovine ephemeral fever is most closely related to Puchong virus
Creators: name: Blasdell, Kim R.
name: Davis, Steven S.
name: Voysey, Rhonda
name: Bulach, Dieter M.
name: Middleton, Deborah
name: Sinead Williams
name: Harmsen, Margaret B.
name: Weir, Richard P.
name: Crameri, Sandra
name: Walsh, Susan J.
name: Grantley R. Peck
name: Tesh, Robert B.
name: Boyle, David B.
name: Melville, Lorna F.
name: Walker, Peter J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5. Clustal W amino acid sequence alignments of the small accessory proteins of HYV, PUCV and BEFV. A) α1 proteins. Predicted transmembrane domains are shaded (grey). Large aromatic residues in the N-terminal domains (underlined) and basic residues in the C-terminal domains (bold) are characteristic of class 1a viroporins. B) α2 proteins which are each encoded in a second consecutive ORF within the α gene. C) β proteins. D) γ proteins. Identical (*), strongly conserved (:) and weakly conserved (.) amino acids are indicated.
Quantum Geometry and Stability of Moiré Flatband Ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Wu, Fengcheng
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several moiré systems created by various twisted bilayers have manifested magnetism under flatband conditions leading to enhanced interaction effects. We theoretically study stability of moiré flatband ferromagnetism against collective excitations, with a focus on the effects of Bloch band quantum geometry. The spin magnon spectrum is calculated using different approaches, including Bethe-Salpeter equation, single mode approximation, and an analytical theory. One of our main results is an analytical expression for the spin stiffness in terms of the Coulomb interaction potential, the Berry curvatures, and the quantum metric tensor, where the last two quantities characterize the quantum geometry of moiré bands. This analytical theory shows that Berry curvatures play an important role in stiffening the spin magnons. Furthermore, we construct an effective field theory for the magnetization fluctuations, and show explicitly that skyrmion excitations bind an integer number of electrons that is proportional to the Bloch band Chern number and the skyrmion winding number.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 6 of Hayes Yard virus: a novel ephemerovirus isolated from a bull with severe clinical signs of bovine ephemeral fever is most closely related to Puchong virus
Creators: name: Blasdell, Kim R.
name: Davis, Steven S.
name: Voysey, Rhonda
name: Bulach, Dieter M.
name: Middleton, Deborah
name: Sinead Williams
name: Harmsen, Margaret B.
name: Weir, Richard P.
name: Crameri, Sandra
name: Walsh, Susan J.
name: Grantley R. Peck
name: Tesh, Robert B.
name: Boyle, David B.
name: Melville, Lorna F.
name: Walker, Peter J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6. Sero-neutralisation test results. Neutralising antibody titres to HYV in sera from selected sentinel cattle from the Northern Territory, Australia.
Linear equations in variables which lie in a multiplicative group
Creators: name: Evertse, J. -H.
name: Schlickewei, H. P.
name: Schmidt, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let K be a field of characteristic 0 and let n be a natural number. Let Gamma be a subgroup of the multiplicative group $(K^\ast)^n$ of finite rank r. Given $A_2,...,a_n\in K^\ast$ write $A(a_1,...,a_n,Γ)$ for the number of solutions x=(x_1,...,x_n)\in Γ$ of the equation a_1x_1+...+a_nx_n=1$, such that no proper subsum of $a_1x_1+...+a_nx_n$ vanishes. We derive an explicit upper bound for $A(a_1,...,a_n,Γ)$ which depends only on the dimension n and on the rank r.
Hindsight economics
Creators: name: SCITOVSKY, T.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tivor Scitovsky, recollections
subject: B31

description: The paper is a contribution to a series of recollections and reflections on the professional experiences of distinguished economists which the Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review started in 1979. Tivor Scitovsky presents a common thread connecting much of his earlier work, providing him with new insight into the subconscious workings of his mind. JEL: B31
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 178 (1991)
Stressreduktion durch Psychoedukation: Eine Bilderbuchentwicklung
Creators: name: Anhorn, Nadja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Stress
Stressbewältigungsprogramm
Bilderbuch
Masterarbeit

description: Stress betrifft alle. Somit stellt ein niederschwelliger Zugang zu Stressreduktion eine (heil-)pädagogische Relevanz dar und ist Ziel dieser Entwicklungsarbeit. Die untersuchten Stressbewältigungsprogramme zeigen sich umfangreich und komplex. Ausserdem fehlt ihnen die Vermittlung der Abläufe in Gehirn und Körper bei Stress. Diese Lücke füllt das Bilderbuch «Wer hat mir ins Hirn gestresst?». Ausgehend von den theoretischen Grundlagen, welche durch die Literaturanalyse geschaffen wurden, konnten Qualitätsziele für die Konzeption eines psychoedukativen Bilderbuchs erstellt werden. Zwei Expertinneninterviews dienten der Überprüfung und Ergänzung des Bilderbuchmanuskripts. Diese Qualitätssicherung machte die Entwicklung des Bilderbuchs möglich. Es vermittelt Wissen zu den neurobiologischen Stressmechanismen, welches die unerwünschten und situationsinadäquaten Stressreaktionen erklärt. Dies dient kognitiver Umstrukturierung und verhilft Stressbetroffenen zu Akzeptanz und Entlastung.
Industrial development in developing countries and the role of government interventions
Creators: name: LALL, S.
name: KELL, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: industrialisation, government intervention, developing countries
subject: O14

description: The work argues that while export orientation (in the sense of providing neutral incentives between foreign and domestic markets) is desirable, the experience of successful industrialisers does not support the minimalist government role prescribed. On the contrary, the most successful industrialisers have been dynamic precisely because they intervened heavily in the process of building up technological capabilities. Their interventions were both “functional” and “selective”, though the extent and choice of intervention varied greatly. JEL: O14
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 178 (1991)
title: MRI imaging features of BHAG into the sigmoid sinus
Creators: name: Mehdi, Syed
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: We present a case of a 36-year-old male who presented with a history of 6–7 days of generalised headache, two episodes of hallucinations, a few episodes of running into doors and objects, dizziness, and double vision. There were no focal neurological deficits, neck stiffness or photophobia, no weakness, or sensory changes.

description: 36 years, male
Contractive adjustment in Mexico, 1982-1989
Creators: name: LÓPEZ, G. J.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: IMF, contractive adjustment, Mexico
subject: E62

description: The work assesses the macroeconomic effects of the IMF’s contractive adjustment strategy in Mexico’s recent evolution, while raising some theoretical challenges to several of the underlying assumptions that have sustained the Mexican government’s recent economic policies. An overview of the strategy and of Mexico’s main economic policy measures is provided, and the evolution of effective demand is dealt with. The effects of contractive adjustment on Mexico’s growth performance are then appraised followed by a general discussion of the problems related to this strategy. JEL: E62
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 178 (1991)
COLE: A Column-based Learned Storage for Blockchain Systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Ce
name: Xu, Cheng
name: Hu, Haibo
name: Xu, Jianliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain systems suffer from high storage costs as every node needs to store and maintain the entire blockchain data. After investigating Ethereum's storage, we find that the storage cost mostly comes from the index, i.e., Merkle Patricia Trie (MPT). To support provenance queries, MPT persists the index nodes during the data update, which adds too much storage overhead. To reduce the storage size, an initial idea is to leverage the emerging learned index technique, which has been shown to have a smaller index size and more efficient query performance. However, directly applying it to the blockchain storage results in even higher overhead owing to the requirement of persisting index nodes and the learned index's large node size. To tackle this, we propose COLE, a novel column-based learned storage for blockchain systems. We follow the column-based database design to contiguously store each state's historical values, which are indexed by learned models to facilitate efficient data retrieval and provenance queries. We develop a series of write-optimized strategies to realize COLE in disk environments. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed COLE system. Compared with MPT, COLE reduces the storage size by up to 94% while improving the system throughput by $1.4\times$-$5.4\times$.
Free Energy and Phase Transition of the Matrix Model on a Plane-Wave
Creators: name: Hadizadeh, Shirin
name: Ramadanovic, Bojan
name: Semenoff, Gordon W.
name: Young, Donovan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been observed that the weakly coupled plane wave matrix model has a density of states which grows exponentially at high energy. This implies that the model has a phase transition. The transition appears to be of first order. However, its exact nature is sensitive to interactions. In this paper, we analyze the effect of interactions by computing the relevant parts of the effective potential for the Polyakov loop operator in the finite temperature plane-wave matrix model to three loop order. We show that the phase transition is indeed of first order. We also compute the correction to the Hagedorn temperature to order two loops.
description: 24 pages
Banking reform in the New Deal era
Creators: name: KLEBANER, B.J.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: New Deal era, U.S. banking system, reforms
subject: N22

description: This paper gives a history of the United States banking system during the New Deal era (1933-1940). The history gives a fascinating account of the individuals involved and describes changes introduced to strengthen the nation's banks. Eminent economists are discussed, for example, Irving Fisher is quoted for arguing that there were more banks than competent banking personnel. The New Deal banking reforms are evaluated. JEL: N22
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 44, N. 178 (1991)
Online Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation via Contrastive Motion Clustering
Creators: name: Xi, Lin
name: Chen, Weihai
name: Wu, Xingming
name: Liu, Zhong
name: Li, Zhengguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online unsupervised video object segmentation (UVOS) uses the previous frames as its input to automatically separate the primary object(s) from a streaming video without using any further manual annotation. A major challenge is that the model has no access to the future and must rely solely on the history, i.e., the segmentation mask is predicted from the current frame as soon as it is captured. In this work, a novel contrastive motion clustering algorithm with an optical flow as its input is proposed for the online UVOS by exploiting the common fate principle that visual elements tend to be perceived as a group if they possess the same motion pattern. We build a simple and effective auto-encoder to iteratively summarize non-learnable prototypical bases for the motion pattern, while the bases in turn help learn the representation of the embedding network. Further, a contrastive learning strategy based on a boundary prior is developed to improve foreground and background feature discrimination in the representation learning stage. The proposed algorithm can be optimized on arbitrarily-scale data i.e., frame, clip, dataset) and performed in an online fashion. Experiments on $\textit{DAVIS}_{\textit{16}}$, $\textit{FBMS}$, and $\textit{SegTrackV2}$ datasets show that the accuracy of our method surpasses the previous state-of-the-art (SoTA) online UVOS method by a margin of 0.8%, 2.9%, and 1.1%, respectively. Furthermore, by using an online deep subspace clustering to tackle the motion grouping, our method is able to achieve higher accuracy at $3\times$ faster inference time compared to SoTA online UVOS method, and making a good trade-off between effectiveness and efficiency. Our code is available at https://github.com/xilin1991/ClusterNet.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (TCSVT)