cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
γγ->π^0π^0 and η->π^0γγ at  Low Energy  Within the  Extended Nambu Jon-Lasinio Model
Creators: name: S. Bellucci
name: C. Bruno
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1994

description: Within the Extended Nambu Jona-Lasinio model, we calculate the O(p^6) counterterms entering the low-energy expansion of the γγ->π^0π^0 and the η->π^0γγ amplitudes in Chiral Perturbation Theory. For γγ -> π^0π^0 our results are compatible with both the experimental data and the two-loop calculation using meson resonance saturation. For the η decay we find γ(η->π^0γγ) = 0,58+-0,3 eV which is in agreement with experiment within one standard deviation. We also give predictions for the neutral pion polarizabilities and compare them with the results obtained from resonance saturation.
The KLOE Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Creators: name: J. L. Franzini
name: A. Antonelli
name: M. Antonelli
name: G. Barbiellini
name: M. Barone
name: S. Bertolucci
name: C. Bini
name: C. Bloise
name: V. Bolognesi
name: F. Bossi
name: P. Campana
name: F. Cervelli
name: R. Caloi
name: M. Cordelli
name: G. De Zorzi
name: G. Di Cosimo
name: A. Di Domenico
name: O. Erriquez
name: A. Farilla
name: A. Ferrari
name: P. Franzini
name: F. Garuffi
name: P. Gauzzi
name: E. Gero
name: S. Giovannella
name: R. Haydar
name: M. Incagli
name: L. Kleebe
name: W. Kim
name: G. Lanfranchi
name: A. Martini
name: A. Martinis
name: S. Miscetti
name: F. Murtas
name: A. Parri
name: A. Passeri
name: F. Scuri
name: E. Spiriti
name: L. Tortora
name: X.L. Wang
name: S. Wolfe
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1995

description: A general purpose detector, KLOE, is under construction for operations at the Frascati ϕ factory, DAPHNE. Its central mission is the study of direct CP violation in K0 decays, which places very stringent requirements on electomagnetic shower measurements in the 20-280 MeV/c region. We have chosen to use a lead-scintillator sampling calorimeter, EmC, consisting of very thin (0,5 mm) lead layers in which are embedded 1 mm diameter scintillating fibers. Much prototyping and testing has been done during its design, Yelding, for the final EmC, an expected energy resolution of σ(E)/E ∼4,4% √E(GeV)and a time resolution of  ∼46 ps/√E(GeV), with excellent linearity in the region of interest and with little dependance on incidence angle and entry position.
title: Effects of methoprene on extreme temperature tolerance and reproduction of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Creators: name: Wijayaratne, L. K. W.
name: Fields, P. G.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: methoprene
subject: extreme temperature tolerance
subject: reproduction
subject: larvae
subject: adults

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 942
Dewetting-controlled binding of ligands to hydrophobic pockets
Creators: name: Setny, P.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Cheng, L. -T.
name: Li, B.
name: McCammon, J. A.
name: Dzubiella, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a combined atomistic molecular dynamics simulation and implicit solvent analysis of a generic hydrophobic pocket-ligand (host-guest) system. The approaching ligand induces complex wetting/dewetting transitions in the weakly solvated pocket. The transitions lead to bimodal solvent fluctuations which govern magnitude and range of the pocket-ligand attraction. A recently developed implicit water model, based on the minimization of a geometric functional, captures the sensitive aqueous interface response to the concave-convex pocket-ligand configuration semi-quantitatively.
Charmed Meson Fragmentation Functions
Creators: name: M. Cacciari
name: M. Greco
name: S. Rolli
name: A. Tanzini
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1996

description: Fragmentation functions for heavy-light mesons, like the charmed D, D* mesons, are proposed. They rest on next-to-leading QCD Perturbative Fragmentation Functions for heavy quarks, with the addition of a non-perturbative term describing phenomenologicaly the quark->meson transition. The cross section for production of large pT D, D* mesons at the Tevatron is evaluated in this framework.
Test Case Generation using Mutation Operators and Fault Classification
Creators: name: Jeevarathinam, Mrs. R.
name: Thanamani, Dr. Antony Selvadoss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software testing is the important phase of software development process. But, this phase can be easily missed by software developers because of their limited time to complete the project. Since, software developers finish their software nearer to the delivery time; they dont get enough time to test their program by creating effective test cases. . One of the major difficulties in software testing is the generation of test cases that satisfy the given adequacy criterion Moreover, creating manual test cases is a tedious work for software developers in the final rush hours. A new approach which generates test cases can help the software developers to create test cases from software specifications in early stage of software development (before coding) and as well as from program execution traces from after software development (after coding). Heuristic techniques can be applied for creating quality test cases. Mutation testing is a technique for testing software units that has great potential for improving the quality of testing, and to assure the high reliability of software. In this paper, a mutation testing based test cases generation technique has been proposed to generate test cases from program execution trace, so that the test cases can be generated after coding. The paper details about the mutation testing implementation to generate test cases. The proposed algorithm has been demonstrated for an example.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Corrections of Order ∧_QCD^2/m_c^2 to Inclusive Rare B Decays
Creators: name: G. Buchalla
name: G. Isidori
name: S.J. Rey
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1997

description: We calculate nonperturbative O(∧_QCD^2/m_c^2) corrections to the dilepton invariant mass spectrum and the forward-backwarda charge asymmetry in B->X_s e^+e^- decay using a heavy quark expansion approach. The method has recently been used to estimate long-distance effects in B->X_sγ. We generalize this analysis to the case of non-vanishing photon invariant mass, q^2≠0, relevant for the rare decay mode B->X_s e^+e^-. In the phenomenologically interesting q2 region away from the c`c resonances, the heavy quark expansion approach should provide a reasonable descrption of possible non-perturbative corrections. In particular this picture is preferable to the model-dependent approach relying on the tails of Breit-Wigner resonances, Which has been employed so far in the literature to account for these effects. We find that the O(∧_QCD^2/m_c^2) corrections to the dilepton invariant mass spectrum and to the forward-backward asymmetry in B->X_s e^+e^- amount to several percent at most for q^2/m_b^2≲0.3 and q^2/m_b^2≳0.6 respectively. The O(∧_QCD^2/m_c^2) correction to the B->X_sγ decay rate is also computed and found to be +3%, which agrees in magnitude with previous calculations. Finally, we comment on long-distance effects in B->X_svv, which in this case are extremely suppressed due to the absence of virtual photon contributions.
title: Use of Robust z in Detecting Unstable Items in Item Response Theory Models
Creators: name: Huynh, Huynh
name: Meyer, Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2011

description: The first part of this paper describes the use of the robust zR statistic to link test forms using the Rasch (or one-parameter logistic) model. The procedure is then extended to the two-parameter and three-parameter logistic and two-parameter partial credit (2PPC) models. A real set of data was used to illustrate the extension. The linking results illustrate the efficacy of the robust zR vis-Ã -vis some of the most commonly used processes such as the Stocking and Lord (1983) linking process. Accessed 12,248 times on https://pareonline.net from January 19, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: Yule-Simpson's Paradox in Research
Creators: name: Goltz, Heather Honoré
name: Smith, Matthew Lee
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: Yule (1903) and Simpson (1951) described a statistical paradox that occurs when data is aggregated. In such situations, aggregated data may reveal a trend that directly contrasts those of sub-groups trends. In fact, the aggregate data trends may even be opposite in direction of sub-group trends.  To reveal Yule-Simpson’s paradox (YSP)-type occurrences, researchers must simultaneously consider the effect of an intervention at specific levels and on the overall model to ensure datasets are accurately analyzed and research findings are appropriately interpreted. The primary objectives of this manuscript are to: (1) examine the history of YSP; (2) describe necessary and sufficient causes for YSP occurrences; (3) provide examples of YSP in research and explain YSP’s relationship to multi-level modeling including Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM); and (4) discuss YSP’s implications for researchers  Accessed 11,204 times on https://pareonline.net from October 18, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Total synthesis of steroidal derivatives : synthesis of hydrochrysene analogues and related compounds.
Creators: name: By, Arnold William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A sequence leading to the total synthesis of cis-syn-cis-dodecahydrochrysene and cis-octahydrochrysene derivatives is described. The synthesis employs the Robinson-Mannich base reaction and the Michael reaction to construct the tetracyclic skeleton. Condensation of 6-methoxy-2-tetralone with 1-diethylamino-3-pentanone methiodide affords an isomeric mixture of tricyclic ketones. This mixture is then condensed with methyl vinyl ketone to yield 1β,6-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-2,3-(2'-methoxy-7',8'-dihydro-6',5'-naphtho)-Δ² -bicyclo [3.3. 1] nonene-9-one (IV). By appropriate modifications this compound can then be utilized for the synthesis of a variety of hydrochrysene analogues. Oxidation of dodecahydrochrysenes with t-butyl chromate solution is found to be dependent on the stereochemistry of the molecule. Whereas trans-anti-trans-2-methoxy-8β -acetoxy-10a-methyl-4b, 5,6,6a, 7,8,9,10,10a,10b,11,12-dodecahydrochrysene (XVIII) gives the 12-keto derivative XIX, cis-syn-cis-2-methoxy-8α-acetoxy-10a-methyl-4b,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a,10b,11,12-dodecahydrochrysene (XVII) yields cis-2-methoxy-8α -acetoxy-5-keto-10a-methyl-5,6,6a, 7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrochrysene (XXIV). In the latter reaction, t-butyl chromate is superior to chromium trioxide as an oxidizing agent. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are found to be invaluable for the purpose of characterization of these rather complex molecules.
Sux Sigma Analysis of The Wiser Love company
Creators: name: Abdul Kareem K. Alelaimat, Abdul Kareem
Publisher: name: The Wiser Love
Year: 2025

description: This is the technical paoer of the Wiser Love company of the treatment for all diseases manufacturing, the six sigma analysis done for this company is the first cersion and may be include further in the other versions of the company improvements.
title: Rubric-referenced assessment in teacher preparation: An opportunity to learn by using
Creators: name: Reynolds-Keefer, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: In Andrade and Du (2005), the authors discuss the ways in which students perceive and use rubrics to support learning in the classroom. In an effort to further examine the impact of rubrics on student learning, this study explored how rubrics impacted students learning, as well as whether using rubrics influenced the likelihood that they would use rubrics in the future as teachers. In this study, 45 undergraduate students enrolled in educational psychology were provided rubrics for each of the two writing assignments assigned during the semester. At the end of the semester, students were asked about their use of rubrics as well as the relationship between rubrics and performance. Student perceptions of rubric importance in learning underscored the findings in the earlier study (Andrade & Du, 2005), but also highlighted the importance of using rubrics as preservice teachers. Responses indicated that preservice teachers who used rubrics as students may be more likely to use rubrics in their own teaching. Accessed 15,099 times on https://pareonline.net from May 12, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Metallicities and ages of stellar populations at a high Galactic latitude field
Creators: name: Siegel, Michael H.
name: Karatas, Yuksel
name: Reid, I. Neill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of $UBVRI$ data from the Selected Area SA 141. By applying recalibrated methods of measuring ultraviolet excess (UVX), we approximate abundances and absolute magnitudes for 368 stars over 1.3 square degrees out to distances over 10 kpc. With the density distribution constrained from our previous photometric parallax investigations and with sufficient accounting for the metallicity bias in the UVX method, we are able to compare the vertical abundance distribution to those measured in previous studies. We find that the abundance distribution has an underlying uniform component consistent with previous spectroscopic results that posit a monometallic thick disk and halo with abundances of $[Fe/H]$ = $-$0.8 and $-$1.4, respectively. However, there are a number of outlying data points that may indicate contamination by more metal-rich halo streams. The absence of vertical abundance gradients in the Galactic stellar populations and the possible presence of interloping halo streams would be consistent with expectations from merger models of Galaxy formation. We find that our UVX method has limited sensitivity in exploring the metallicity distribution of the distant Galactic halo, owing to the poor constraint on the $UBV$ properties of very metal-poor stars. The derivation of metallicities from broadband $UBV$ photometry remains fundamentally sound for the exploration of the halo but is in need of both improved calibration and superior data.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Journal
Order-disorder in Olivine Minerals by Synchrotron X-ray Absorption Near-edge Structure (XANES) Spectroscopy at the Mg, Fe and Ca K Edges
Creators: name: Z. Wu
name: A.Mottana
name: E. Paris
name: G. Giuli
name: A.Marcelli And G. Cibin
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1999

description: Synchrotron Mg and Fe X-ray absorption near-edge K XANES spectra of the Pbnm olivine series endmembers forsterite (Mg2SiO_4), fayalite (Fe_2SiO_4), monticellite (CaMgSiO_4) and kirschsteinite (CaFeSiO_4), as well as of the intermediate member of the Fe-Mg olivine solid solution series 'hortonolite' (MgFeSiO_4), have been recorded experimentally and calculated by the multiple-scattering theory using clusters of different size and the Xa exchange-correlation potential. Comparison of experimental and theoretical spectra shows that all transition features, energy positions and relative intensities can be reproduced in the energy range up to 60 eV above threshold when using clusters containing at least 80 atoms and extending over a sphere at least 0.6 nm in radius away from the absorber. It also indicates that, at the XANES sensitivity level, Mg and Fe are located entirely in the expected structural sites in all four endmembers, and distribute in 'hortonolite' following a regular order, however with no clear preference for either octahedral site. Thus, atomic order-disorder on a short- to medium-range scale can be detected by the XANES method, hence contributing to understanding the behavior of these materials. The Ca K-edge spectra of monticellite and kirschsteinite have been recorded and calculated too; they are consistent with the assignment of all Ca to the M2 site and confirm that all endmembers of the Pbnm olivine family match the octahedral cation distributions indicated by the ideal crystal structure.
Theory uncertainties in parton distribution functions
Creators: name: Pearson, Rosalyn Laura
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021
Subjects: parton distribution functions
particle physics
nnpdf
proton

description: We are now in the era of high precision particle physics, spurred on by a wealth of new data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In order to match the precision set by modern experiments and test the limits of the Standard Model, we must increase the sophistication of our theoretical predictions. Much of the data available involve the interaction of protons, which are composite particles. These interactions are described by combining perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) with parton distribution functions (PDFs), which encapsulate the non-perturbative behaviour. Increasing accuracy and precision of these PDFs is therefore of great value to modern particle physics. PDFs are determined by multi-dimensional fits of experimental data to theoretical predictions from QCD. Uncertainties in PDFs arise from those in the experimental data and theoretical predictions, as well as from the fitting procedure itself. Those in the theory come from many sources. Here we consider two of the most important: the first are missing higher order uncertainties (MHOUs), arising due to truncating the predictions’ perturbative expansion; the second are nuclear uncertainties, due to difficulty making predictions in a nuclear environment. In this thesis we consider how to include theory uncertainties in PDF fits by constructing a theory covariance matrix and adding this to the experimental one. MHOUs are estimated and included as a proof of concept in next-to-leading order PDFs. We find that these capture many of the important features of the known PDFs at the next order above. We then investigate nuclear uncertainties, estimate their magnitude and assess their impact on the PDFs. Finally, we consider how to make predictions with theory uncertainties using PDFs which themselves include theory uncertainties. Here there are correlations between the PDFs and the predictions, which can lead to a shift in the predictions and their uncertainties, which can significantly improve their accuracy and precision.
title: Assessment Accommodations for English Language Learners: The Case of Former-LEPs
Creators: name: Cawthon, Stephanie W.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: Within the U.S. public school system, English Language Learners (ELL) represent the fastest growing student population. Many of these students struggle to access grade-level content due to Limited English Proficiency (LEP). Although policy regarding LEP status varies state-to-state, most states impose a short time limit on how long a student can be designated LEP. Consequently, students may lose their LEP status before gaining full proficiency in English. Current policy does not allow for test accommodations for former-LEP students, raising concerns about whether language factors within the tests may prevent students who are not fully proficient in English from successfully accessing the content of the tests. The purpose of this article is to identify education placement and assessment policies that lead to reduced assessment language support for former-LEP students. Using the state of Texas as a case example, we identify potential impact points for former-LEP students who are required to participate in English-only assessments. We then review ELL assessment accommodations literature and propose extension of assessment policies to provide options for former-LEP student population. Accessed 17,458 times on https://pareonline.net from October 12, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: Mixing interview and questionnaire methods: Practical problems in aligning data
Creators: name: Harris, Lois R.
name: Brown, Gavin T.L.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2011

description: Structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews are often used in mixed method studies to generate confirmatory results despite differences in methods of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. A review of 19 questionnaire-interview comparison studies found that consensus and consistency statistics were generally weak between methods. Problems in aligning data from the two different methods are illustrated in a questionnaire-interview study of teacher conceptions of assessment. Poor alignment appeared attributable to: differences in data collection procedures, the complexity and instability of the construct being investigated, difficulties in making data comparable, lack of variability in participant responses, greater sensitivity to context and seemingly emotive responses within the interview, possible misinterpretation of some questionnaire prompts, and greater control of content exposure in the questionnaire. Results indicated that if ‘confirmatory’ results are being sought, researchers must create tightly aligned and structured instruments; present the construct in a simple, concrete, and highly contextualised manner; collect the two types of data with a minimal time gap; and estimate agreement between methods using consistency statistics. However, the cost of confirmation through strong alignment may lead to the loss of rich complementary data obtained through allowing each method to be analysed in its own right.Accessed 152,051 times on https://pareonline.net from January 12, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Quantum mechanics and geodesic deviation in the brane world
Creators: name: Rasouli, S. M. M.
name: Bahrehbakhsh, A. F.
name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Farhoudi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the induced geodesic deviation equations in the brane world models, in which all the matter forces except gravity are confined on the 3-brane. Also, the Newtonian limit of induced geodesic deviation equation is studied. We show that in the first Randall-Sundrum model the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule is as a result of consistency between the geodesic and geodesic deviation equations. This indicates that the path of test particle is made up of integral multiples of a fundamental Compton-type unit of length $h/mc$.
description: 5 pages, no figures
title: L’information scientifique dans le contexte du libre accès et de la science ouverte au Bénin
title: Politique de préservation du patrimoine numérique scientifique dans les universités publiques
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sagbohan, Joseph
name: Dossa, Yao Jacques
Publisher: name: IRD, CIRAD et ANSALB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Science ouverte et Libre accès
Préservation du patrimoine numérique scientifique
Droit à l’information scientifique
Université publique
Bénin

description: Cet article a été rédigé dans le cadre de la deuxième édition du Colloque "Science ouverte au Sud". Co-organisée par l’IRD, le Cirad et l’Académie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Lettres du Bénin (ANSALB), l’édition 2022 qui a eu lieu à Cotonou du 25 au 27 octobre 2022 a été l'occasion de dresser un panorama des approches en matière de gestion et d’ouverture des données de la recherche en Afrique, particulièrement en Afrique francophone, de partager et de promouvoir les bonnes pratiques.
description: La préservation du patrimoine numérique scientifique dans les universités publiques au Bénin est un impératif pour les gouvernants de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche scientifique, des universités et des professionnels de l’information scientifique et technique (IST) eu égard aux diverses alertes et recommandations qui fusent de par le monde pour faire de la science ouverte et de l’accès ouvert un levier de partage et d’accès facilité à la documentation scientifique et aux données de recherche sans aucune barrière technologique et financière. L’étude entreprise dans ce cadre vise à faire un état des lieux des politiques et programmes mis en œuvre dans cette perspective, poser des diagnostics des pesanteurs institutionnelles afin de capitaliser dans un dépôt institutionnel numérique, l’ensemble des productions scientifiques issues des académies et des laboratoires des institutions publiques et universitaires au Bénin. Mais il est ahurissant de constater que malgré les tapages et agitations qui se font autour de la science ouverte et de l’accès ouvert qui d’ailleurs constituent une solution pour se soustraire du joug des éditeurs scientifiques, monopolistiques et prédateurs, rien de techniquement normatif et bibliothéconomique n’est encore entrepris si ce n’est que quelques amorces d’acte de volonté visant la création d’outils de gestion numérique de ce patrimoine qui, quand bien même aboutis, ne sont que des œuvres isolées qui ne couvrent qu’une infirme partie du patrimoine avec des moyens très limités et étriqués. Pour une prise de conscience des acteurs (gouvernants, universitaires et spécialistes) afin de profiter des avantages de la science ouverte et d’accès ouvert dont la visibilité scientifique des chercheurs, des universités et de l’éclosion d’un développement économique et social pour le Bénin, l’analyse conduite a exploré des perspectives, formulées sous forme de recommandations et plan de mise en œuvre.
1/N_c and e'/e
Creators: name: T. Hambye
name: P.H. Soldan
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2000

description: We present a recent analysis of epsilon'/epsilon in the 1/N_c expansion. We show that the 1/N_c corrections to the matrix element of Q_6 are large and positive, indicating a Delta I = 1/2 enhancement similar to the one of Q_1 and Q_2 which dominate the CP conserving amplitude. This enhances the CP ratio and can bring the standard model prediction close to the measured value for central values of the parameters. Several comments on the theoretical status of epsilon'/epsilon and the errors in its calculation are given.
title: Grades and Ranking: When Tenure Affects Assessment
Creators: name: Filetti, Jean
name: Wright, Mary
name: King, William M.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: This article examines how a faculty member’s status—either tenured or tenure-track—might affect the grades assigned to students in a writing class.  We begin with a brief review of the research surrounding faculty to student assessment practices and follow with specific controversies regarding faculty motivation pertaining to grading practices.  We interpret the grade distributions of tenured and tenure-track faculty members teaching a sophomore-level writing course in an English Department at a small, public liberal arts university in Virginia, examine the relationship between grade distributions and faculty rank, and conclude that tenure-track faculty grade more leniently than their tenured colleagues, primarily in the number of “A” grades assigned.  The results of this study suggest that tenured professors tend to award fewer “As” than tenure-track professors.  We posit that at universities where emphasis is placed upon teaching, two specific patterns emerge: reciprocity may be an unspoken agreement between some faculty and students with regard to the exchange of good grades for good evaluations, or with experience comes rigor.Accessed 9,304 times on https://pareonline.net from October 13, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Frame dragging anomalies for rotating bodies
Creators: name: Collas, Peter
name: Klein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Examples of axially symmetric solutions to Einstein's field equations are given that exhibit anomalous "negative frame dragging" in the sense that zero angular momentum test particles acquire angular velocities in the opposite direction of rotation from the source of the metric.
description: This version adds minor clarifications to the original published version of this paper, which among other things remove the source of Culetu's objections in arXiv:0811.4592. In addition, a reference is added with further acknowledgments
Vibrating Sample Holder for X-Ray Absorption Measurements on Single Crystals
Creators: name: V. Tullio
name: F. D'Anca
name: F. Campolungo
name: F. Dâ€™Acapito
name: F. Boscherini
name: S. Mobilio
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2001

description: This technical note reports on the design, construction and performance of a vibrating sample holder in use on the GILDA - CRG beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France. It permits to minimize the effects of coherent scattering (Bragg Scattering) when measuring the x-ray absorption coefficient of single crystals.
Observation of Supernova Remnant IC443 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Abdo, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observation of the supernova remnant IC443 (G189.1+3.0) with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the energy band between 200MeV and 50GeV. IC443 is a shell-type supernova remnant with mixed morphology located off the outer Galactic plane where high-energy emission has been detected in the X-ray, GeV and TeV gamma-ray bands. Past observations suggest IC443 has been interacting with surrounding interstellar matter. Proximity between dense shocked molecular clouds and GeV-TeV gamma-ray emission regions detected by EGRET, MAGIC and VERITAS suggests an interpretation that cosmic-ray (CR) particles are accelerated by the SNR. With the high gamma-ray statistics and broad energy coverage provided by the LAT, we accurately characterize the gamma-ray emission produced by the CRs accelerated at IC443. The emission region is extended in the energy band with theta_68 = 0.27 deg +/- 0.01 deg (stat) +/- 0.03 deg (sys) for an assumed 2-dimensional Gaussian profile and overlaps almost completely with the extended source region of VERITAS. Its centroid is displaced significantly from the known pulsar wind nebula (PWN) which suggests the PWN is not the major contributor in the present energy band. The observed spectrum changes its power-law slope continuously and continues smoothly to the MAGIC and VERITAS data points. The combined gamma-ray spectrum (200MeV
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal v712 (March 2010)
AdS/CFT Equivalence  Transformation
Creators: name: S. Bellucci
name: E. Ivanov
name: S. Krivonos
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2002

description: We show that any conformal field theory in d-dimensional Minkowski space, in a phase with spontaneously broken conformal symmetry and with the dilaton among its fields, can be rewritten in terms of the static gauge (d-1)-brane on AdS_{(d+1)} by means of an invertible change of variables. This nonlinear holographic transformation maps the Minkowski space coordinates onto the brane worldvolume ones and the dilaton onto the transverse AdS brane coordinate. One of the consequences of the existence of this map is that any (d-1+m)-brane worldvolume action on AdS_{(d+1)} X^m (with X^m standing for the sphere S^m or more complicated curved manifold) admits an equivalent description in Minkowski space as a nonlinear and higher-derivative extension of some conventional conformal field theory action, with the conformal group being realized in a standard way. The holographic transformation explicitly relates the standard realization of the conformal group to its field-dependent nonlinear realization as the isometry group of the brane AdS_{(d+1)} background. Some possible implications of this transformation, in particular, for the study of the quantum effective action of {N}=4 super Yang-Mills theory in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence, are briefly discussed.
Timing of the 2008 Outburst of SAX J1808.4-3658 with XMM-Newton: A Stable Orbital Period Derivative over Ten Years
Creators: name: Burderi, L.
name: Riggio, A.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Papitto, A.
name: Menna, M. T.
name: D'Ai', A.
name: Iaria, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a timing analysis performed on a 62-ks long XMM-Newton observation of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 during the latest X-ray outburst that started on September 21, 2008. By connecting the time of arrivals of the pulses observed during the XMM observation, we derived the best-fit orbital solution and a best-fit value of the spin period for the 2008 outburst. Comparing this new set of orbital parameters and, in particular, the value of the time of ascending-node passage with the orbital parameters derived for the previous four X-ray outbursts of SAX J1808.4-3658 observed by the PCA on board RXTE, we find an updated value of the orbital period derivative, which turns out to be $\dot P_{\rm orb} = (3.89 \pm 0.15) \times 10^{-12}$ s/s. This new value of the orbital period derivative agrees with the previously reported value, demonstrating that the orbital period derivative in this source has remained stable over the past ten years. Although this timespan is not sufficient yet for confirming the secular evolution of the system, we again propose an explanation of this behavior in terms of a highly non-conservative mass transfer in this system, where the accreted mass (as derived from the X-ray luminosity during outbursts) accounts for a mere 1% of the mass lost by the companion.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Final version, including editing corrections, to appear on A&A Letters
Synthesis of aza steroids. Part I. The synthesis of 6-aza steroids. Part II. The synthesis of 11-aza steroids
Creators: name: Vlattas, Isidoros
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Ozonization of 7-ketocholesteryl acetate has yielded methyl 5-keto-5, 7-seco-6-nor-3-cholestene-7-oate in reasonably high yield. This intermediate was converted by catalytic hydrogenation to methyl-5-keto-5, 7-seco-6-norcholestan-7-oate which upon treatment with benzyl amine gave N-benzyl-6-aza-4-cholesten-7-one.
title: An Overview of Recent Developments in Cognitive Diagnostic Computer Adaptive Assessments
Creators: name: Huebner, Alan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2011

description: Cognitive diagnostic modeling has become an exciting new field of psychometric research. These models aim to diagnose examineesâ€™ mastery status of a group of discretely defined skills, or attributes, thereby providing them with detailed information regarding their specific strengths and weaknesses. Combining cognitive diagnosis with computer adaptive assessments has emerged as an important part of this new field. This article aims to provide practitioners and researchers with an introduction to and overview of recent developments in cognitive diagnostic computer adaptive assessments. Accessed 23,280 times on https://pareonline.net from January 19, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
The Upgraded Outer em Calorimeter of FOCUS at Fermilab
Creators: name: Bianco, S.
name: F.L. Fabbri
name: M. Giardoni
name: L. Passamonti
name: V. Russo
name: S. Sarvar
name: A. Zallo
name: S. Carrillo
name: H. Mendez
name: G. Gianini
name: J. Anjos
name: I. Bediaga
name: C. Gobel
name: A. Laudo
name: J. Magnin
name: J. Miranda
name: I. Pepe
name: F. Simao
name: A. Sanchez
name: A. Reis
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1999

description: Operational peformance, algorithmics, stability and physics results of the Outer em  calorimeter of FOCUS are orvervieved.
A Stellar Flare during the Transit of the Extrasolar Planet OGLE-TR-10b
Creators: name: Bentley, Samuel
name: Hellier, Coel
name: Maxted, Pierre
name: Dhillon, Vik
name: Marsh, Tom
name: Copperwheat, Chris
name: Littlefair, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a stellar flare occurring during a transit of the exoplanet OGLE-TR-10b, an event not previously reported in the literature. This reduces the observed transit depth, particularly in the u'-band, but flaring could also be significant in other bands and could lead to incorrect planetary parameters. We suggest that OGLE-TR-10a is an active planet-hosting star and has an unusually high X-ray luminosity.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Evidence for Al/Si tetrahedral Network in Aluminosilicate Glasses from Al K-Edge X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ziyu Wu
name: C. Romano
name: A. Marcelli
name: A. Mottana
name: G. Cibin
name: G. Della Ventura
name: G. Giuli
name: P. Courtial
name: D.B. Dingwell
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1998

description: The structure of aluminosilicate melts and/or glasses plays a key role in the earth sciences for the understanding of rock-forming igneous processes, as well as in the materials sciences for their technical applications. In particular, the alkaline-earth aluminosilicate glasses are an extremely important group of materials, with a wide range of commercial application, as well as serving as an analog for natural basaltic melts. However, definition of their structure and properties is still controversial, and in particular the role and effect of Al has long been a subject of debate. Here we report a series of experimental x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra at the Al K edge on a series of synthetic glasses of peralkaline composition in the CaO−Al2O3−SiO2 system, together with a general theoretical framework for data analysis based on an ab initio full multiple-scattering theory. We propose an Al/Si tetrahedral network model for aluminosilicate glasses based on distorted polyhedra, with varying both the T−O(T=Al or Si) bond lengths and the T−O−T angles, and with different Al/Si composition. This model achieves a significant agreement between experiments and simulations. In these glasses, experimental data and theoretical results concur to support a model in which Al is network former with a comparatively well ordered local medium-range order (up to 5 Å).
title: Analyzing the longitudinal K-12 grading histories of entire cohorts of students: Grades, data driven decision making, dropping out and hierarchical cluster analysis
Creators: name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: School personnel currently lack an effective method to pattern and visually interpret disaggregated achievement data collected on students as a means to help inform decision making. This study, through the examination of longitudinal K-12 teacher assigned grading histories for entire cohorts of students from a school district (n=188), demonstrates a novel application of hierarchical cluster analysis and pattern visualization in which all data points collected on every student in a cohort can be patterned, visualized and interpreted to aid in data driven decision making by teachers and administrators. Additionally, as a proof-of-concept study, overall schooling outcomes, such as student dropout or taking a college entrance exam, are identified from the data patterns and compared to past methods of dropout identification as one example of the usefulness of the method. Hierarchical cluster analysis correctly identified over 80% of the students who dropped out using the entire student grade history patterns from either K-12 or K-8. Accessed 8,060 times on https://pareonline.net from May 12, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Kinetics of some oxidation-reduction reactions in aqueous solutions.
Creators: name: Harkness, Alan Chisholm
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The kinetics of the electron transfer reaction U(IV) + T1(III) → U(VI) + T1(I) were examined in aqueous perchloric acid solution. The rate law was found to be of the form [ Formula omitted ] The two rate constants were identified with reaction paths involving activated complexes of the compositions (U.OH.T1)⁶⁺ and (U.O.T1)⁵⁺ , respectively. The corresponding heats and entropies of activation, evaluated from rate measurements over the temperature range 16 to 25°, are ΔH₁± = 24.6 kcal/mole, ΔH₂± = 21.7 kcal/mole, ΔS₁±= 16 e.u. and ΔS₂±= 7 e.u. The effect of ionic strength and the specific effects of various anions and cations on the rate were examined. The results suggest, but do not prove, that the reaction occurs through a single two-equivalent step rather than through successive one electron changes. The homogeneous oxidation of carbon monoxide by metal ions in aqueous solutions was studied. At temperatures below 80° only Hg²⁺ and MnO₄¯ were found to oxidize carbon monoxide. The ions Cu²⁺ , Ag⁺ , Hg₂²⁺ , Fe³⁺ , T1³⁺ and Cr₂O₇²¯, were inactive. Kinetic measurements of the reaction 2Hg²⁺+ CO + H₂O → Hg₂²⁺+ + CO₂ + 2H⁺ in dilute perchloric acid over the temperature range 26 to 54° yielded the rate law [ Formula omitted ] The activation parameters are ΔH± = 14.6 kcal/mole and ΔS± =-13 e.u. It is believed that the reaction proceeds by a mechanism which involves the insertion of CO between Hg²⁺ and a coordinated water molecule [ Formula omitted ] The oxidation of carbon monoxide by MnO₄¯ was found to proceed readily over the temperature range 28 to 50°. The rate law was found to be [ Formula omitted ] with ΔH± = 13 kcal/mole and ΔS± = -17 e.u., both substantially constant over the pH range 1 to 13. The rate determining step is considered to be the formation of hypomanganate MnO₄¯+ CO + H₂O → MnO₄³¯ + CO₂ + 2H which then undergoes further fast reactions to yield MnO₄²¯ in basic solution and MnO₂ in acid and neutral solutions. A remarkable feature of the latter reaction is its very marked sensitivity to catalysis by Ag⁺ and Hg²⁺ (but not by Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Fe³⁺, or T1³⁺ ). The rate law of the catalyzed path is, in each case, [ Formula omitted ] where M = Ag⁺ or Hg²⁺. For Ag⁺, k at 0° is 1.10 x 10⁵ M¯² sec¯¹ with ΔH± = 1.3 kcal/mole and ΔS± = -30 e.u. For Hg²⁺, k at 0° is 1.09 x 10³ M¯² sec¯¹ with ΔH± = 6.5 kcal/mole and ΔS± = -21 e.u. It is suggested that the remarkably high reactivities exhibited by carbon monoxide in these catalytic reactions are related to favourable oxidation paths involving intermediates such as [ Formula omitted ]
title: RateMyProfessors com: Testing Assumptions about Student Use and Misuse
Creators: name: Bleske-Rechek, April
name: Michels, Kelsey
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: Since its inception in 1999, the RateMyProfessors.com (RMP.com) website has grown in popularity and, with that, notoriety. In this research we tested three assumptions about the website: (1) Students use RMP.com to either rant or rave; (2) Students who post on RMP.com are different from students who do not post; and (3) Students reward easiness by giving favorable quality ratings to easy instructors. We analyzed anonymous self-report data on use of RMP.com from 208 students at a regional public university and RMP.com ratings of 322 instructors at that university. Our findings suggest that (1) student motivations for posting on the website are wide ranging and moderate in tone; (2) few student characteristics differentiate those who post from those who do not post on the website; and (3) although easiness and quality are highly correlated, discipline differences in easiness but not in quality suggest that students can, and do, discriminate between easiness and quality. We concur with previous researchers (e.g., Otto, Sanford, & Ross, 2008) that, although the site is limited, RMP.com has more validity than generally assumed. Accessed 7,670 times on https://pareonline.net from May 05, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: Improving Grading Consistency through Grade Lift Reporting
Creators: name: Millet, Ido
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: We define Grade Lift as the difference between average class grade and average cumulative class GPA. This metric provides an assessment of how lenient the grading was for a given course. In 2006, we started providing faculty members individualized Grade Lift reports reflecting their position relative to an anonymously plotted school-wide distribution. Two schools elected to participate in this reporting, and two other schools declined. To analyze the effect of Grade Lift reporting, we used paired comparisons of Grade Lift measures for the same faculty teaching the same course before and after reporting has started. Statistical analysis shows that, only in the two schools that participated, there was a reduction in both variance as well as average levels of Grade Lift. If these results can be replicated at other universities, Grade Lift reporting may become a useful tool for increasing grading consistency.Accessed 9,077 times on https://pareonline.net from May 04, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: Detecting Differential Item Functioning and Differential Step Functioning Due to Differences that Should Matter
Creators: name: Miller, Tess
name: Chahine, Saad
name: Childs, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2010

description: This study illustrates the use of differential item functioning (DIF) and differential step functioning (DSF) analyses to detect differences in item difficulty that are related to experiences of examinees, such as their teachersâ€™ instructional practices, that are relevant to the knowledge, skill, or ability the test is intended to measure. This analysis is in contrast to the typical use of DIF or DSF to detect differences related to characteristics of examinees, such as gender, language, or cultural knowledge, that should be irrelevant. Using data from two forms of Ontarioâ€™s Grade 9 Assessment of Mathematics, analyses were performed comparing groups of students defined by their teachersâ€™ instructional practices. All constructed-response items were tested for DIF using the Mantel Chi-Square, standardized Liu Agresti cumulative common log-odds ratio, and standardized Coxâ€™s noncentrality parameter. Items exhibiting moderate to large DIF were subsequently tested for DSF. In contrast to typical DIF or DSF analyses, which inform item development, these analyses have the potential to inform instructional practice. Accessed 9,577 times on https://pareonline.net from July 13, 2010 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.