cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Architecture is always in the middle…
Creators: name: Gough, Tim
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: This essay proposes an ontology of architecture that takes its lead from the bread and butter of architecture: a flat ontology opposed to Cartesianism in the sense that no differentiation between realms (body/mind, high/low) is accepted. The work of Spinoza and Deleuze is referred to in order to flesh out such an ontology, whose aim is to destroy the very desire for architecture and architectural theory to even pose the question about the difference between bread-and-butter architecture and high architecture. Architecture is shown to be of the nature of an assemblage, of a machine or a haecceity (to use Deleuze and Guattari’s phrase), and the implications of this in relation to the question of composition and reception are outlined.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 17 | Autumn / Winter 2015 | The ‘Bread & Butter’ of Architecture
Erlebnis - Gemeinschaft - Transformation. Berufsfeld Freizeit und Tourismus im Umbruch
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Institut für Freizeitwissenschaft und Kulturarbeit e.V.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Freizeitwissenschaft
subject: Tourismuswissenschaft
subject: Berufsfeld
subject: 300

description: Der Sammelband zum 6. Bremer Freizeitkongress umfasst 14 Beiträge in fünf Themenbereichen. Er bezieht sich strukturelle Veränderungen in der Freizeitlandschaft und ihre Bedeutung für das Berufsfeld, beleuchtet eine neue Rahmung der Freizeitpädagogik in der Postwachstumsgesellschaft und greift Aspekte der Diversität und Teilhabe im Kontext von Freizeitplanungen auf. Diskutiert werden ebenfalls die Grenzen des Systems Tourismus und die längerfristigen Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie.
Humdrum Tasks of the Salaried Men: Edwin Williams, a London County Council Architect at War
Creators: name: Beech, Nick
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: Working at the London County Council Architects’ Department through the 1930s to 1950s, and known (if at all) as a member of the design team for the Royal Festival Hall, Edwin Williams is usually presented as a regressive figure, his design work marked by his Beaux Arts training. Using archival evidence and histories of the construction industry, this paper sets out Williams’s role in the organisation of rescue and recovery services in London during the Second World War. The paper argues that through his development of training schools and curricula for Rescue Service personnel, Williams played a key role in the formation of a skilled, mechanised, modern demolition industry. Operating complex emergency projects under extreme conditions, the same contractors and building operatives trained in Williams’s programme were later responsible for the clearance of bomb damaged sites and slums. This paper suggests that certain developments in modern architecture can be considered contingent upon practices of the demolition industry as developed by Williams. By concentrating on the ‘organisation’ and ‘progress’ of production that architects engaged with during the Second World War and after, new configurations of continuity and change emerge in which the ‘humdrum tasks’ of ‘salaried men’ appear crucial.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 17 | Autumn / Winter 2015 | The ‘Bread & Butter’ of Architecture
The Architect, the Planner and the Bishop: the Shapers of ‘Ordinary’ Dublin, 1940–60
Creators: name: Rowley, Ellen
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: From the 1930s through the 1960s, Dublin’s development occurred at its periphery: wheels of narrow roadways punctuated by green spaces provided the low-density frameworks for terraced residential boxes surmounted by pitched roofs and fronted by pocket gardens. Vast structures of ecclesiastic authority, Catholic (determinedly revivalist) church building and the suite of Catholic (tentatively modernist) schools were presented as support structures for mass housing, thereby completing the image and experience of Dublin’s new mid-twentieth-century suburbs. Taking the 1950s genesis of one vast north Dublin neighbourhood, Raheny/Coolock, as a case study, this paper sets previously unexamined archive material from the local Catholic bishopric and Dublin Corporation alongside critical thinking about Irish Catholicism and postwar suburbia generally. Startling hand-drawn maps by local priests reveal how John Charles McQuaid, archbishop of Dublin from 1940–71, influenced Dublin’s planning processes and controlled the architectural flavour of swathes of developing parishes. This paper seeks to unpick the variously silent and active roles of the architect, the planning office, the patron and the user, in the making of the more recent, everyday built environment that is Irish suburbia.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 17 | Autumn / Winter 2015 | The ‘Bread & Butter’ of Architecture
Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs
Creators: name: Mayer, Anthony
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To help youth create a viable society and cope with future ecological crises, this qualitative research further develops a practice that I call garden ecopedagogy. I rely on the literature of transformational learning, emerging adulthood, eco-psychology and a post-modern appraisal of environmental education to explore community-based garden education. Using a grounded theory approach, I conducted ten, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with Resourceful Communities—a coalition of grassroots rural development organizations—to answer these questions: How do participants’ worldviews and educational paradigms impact garden education? And, how can these findings inform the design of a garden ecopedagogy curricula? My analysis pointed to an effective experiential teaching strategy which merged instructivist and constructivist theories of learning. I also found that affirming rural priorities and perspectives of nature is vital to environmental education. The youth-directed garden-education programs can help bridge class divides and transform individuals to become assertive, compassionate, and effective adults.
Intersecting Knowledge Fields and Integrating Data-Driven Computational Design en Route to Performance-Oriented and Intensely Local Architectures
Creators: name: Hensel, Michael U
name: Sørensen, Søren S
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: This paper discusses research by design efforts in architectural education, focused on developing concepts and methods for the design of performance-oriented and intensely local architectures. The pursued notion of performance foregrounds the interaction between a given architecture and its local setting, with consequences not only for the design product but also for the related processes by which it is generated. Integrated approaches to data-driven computational design serve to generate such designs. The outlined approach shifts the focus of design attention away from the delivery of finite architectural objects and towards an expanded range of architecture-environment interactions that are registered, instrumentalised and modulated over time. This paper examines ongoing efforts in integrating specific architectural goals and approaches, computational data-driven design methods and generative design processes, based on a range of context-specific and often real-time data sets. The work discussed is produced in the context of the Research Centre for Architecture and Tectonics (RCAT) and the Advanced Computational Design Laboratory (ACDL) at the Oslo School of Architecture and Design.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
title: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
title: Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: FOOTPRINT
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: Contemporary commoning practices are emerging from the failure of a vast array of neoliberal systems and models. Arguably, these practices hold the potential to actualise an in-between niche, which the public and private domains alike have been unable to encompass and express. As such, they invite us to rethink the meaning of the public/private dichotomy. Commoning practices simultaneously respond and give rise to differentiated social and materials forms and relationships, which result in a variety of geopolitical ecologies and new understandings of citizenry. Issue 16 of Footprint offers an array of diverse insights into contemporary commoning practices. Emanating from different angles of enquiry and theoretical perspectives the articles included here investigate the question of the commons through the re-conceptualisation of different subjectivities. New understandings of the empowering potentials and latent agency of self-organised urban movements, i.e., are approached by means of in-depth analysis and critical assessment. The spectrum of possibilities opened by differentiated political practices and strategies unveil renewed types of legitimacy. Furthermore, critical evaluations of spatial initiatives display emerging socio-spatial bodies, thus questioning the role of autonomy across a spectrum of scales and thresholds of negotiation. Ultimately, the analysis of and speculation on the mechanisms of contemporary commoning re-configure urban reality through the realisation of new materialities. Issue's editors: Heidi Sohn, Stavros Kousoulas, Gerhard Bruyns
description: New Media in Old Cities: The Emergence of the New Collective...109-122 Open-Source Urbanism: Creating, Multiplying and Managing Urban Commons...91-107 A Monstrous Alliance: Open Architecture and Common Space...69-89 Common Spatialities: The Production of the Multitude...51-67 New Rights and the Space of Practices: Italian Contributions to a Theory of the Urban Commons...35-49 Instituting Commoning...21-34 Common Space as Threshold Space: Urban Commoning in Struggles to Re-appropriate Public Space...9-19 Introduction: Commoning as Differentiated Publicness...1-8
Momentum distributions and numerical methods for strongly interacting one-dimensional spinor gases
Creators: name: Deuretzbacher, Frank
name: Becker, Daniel
name: Santos, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional spinor gases with strong delta interaction fermionize and form a spin chain. The spatial degrees of freedom of this atom chain can be described by a mapping to spinless noninteracting fermions and the spin degrees of freedom are described by a spin-chain model with nearest-neighbor interactions. Here, we compute momentum and occupation-number distributions of up to 16 strongly interacting spinor fermions and bosons as a function of their spin imbalance, the strength of an externally applied magnetic field gradient, the length of their spin, and for different excited states of the multiplet. We show that the ground-state momentum distributions resemble those of the corresponding noninteracting systems, apart from flat background distributions, which extend to high momenta. Moreover, we show that the spin order of the spin chain---in particular antiferromagnetic spin order---may be deduced from the momentum and occupation-number distributions of the system. Finally, we present efficient numerical methods for the calculation of the single-particle densities and one-body density matrix elements and of the local exchange coefficients of the spin chain for large systems containing more than 20 strongly interacting particles in arbitrary confining potentials.
description: See the ancillary files for the Mathematica notebook used to calculate the results of this paper, the derivation of the formula for the one-body density matrix elements, given by Eq. (22), and a table with the local exchange coefficients of up to 60 harmonically trapped particles. A less efficient method for calculating the exchange coefficients was given in the 2nd version of this manuscript
Three-way interactions with latent variables: a maximum likelihood approach
Creators: name: Huang, Wenjing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Two-way interaction in latent variables has been a topic of considerable theoretical and practical interest among psychological methodologists. Since the seminal work of Kenny and Judd (1984), much research has focused on the use of product indicators for the estimation of latent moderation effects. These methods are usually difficult to use, and many popular approaches lack solid statistical justification. In recent years, the development of full-information maximum likelihood for nonlinear latent variables models provided a new approach to the estimation of latent variable interaction effects. However, a particular kind of three-way interaction, i.e., two-way latent variable interactions over an observed grouping variable, has received little attention. In this thesis, existing literature is reviewed and studied to arrive at a derivation of the full-information maximum likelihood estimator for three-way interactions in latent variables. It is also shown that this new method of estimation and testing can be implemented in Mplus (Muthén & Muthén, 1998–2007) using mixture modelling. To study the properties of this new estimation method, a simulation study is conducted, and the new method is shown to have superior performance than an existing method proposed by Marsh, Wen, and Hau (2004).
Locally Weighted Ensemble Clustering
Creators: name: Huang, Dong
name: Wang, Chang-Dong
name: Lai, Jian-Huang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to its ability to combine multiple base clusterings into a probably better and more robust clustering, the ensemble clustering technique has been attracting increasing attention in recent years. Despite the significant success, one limitation to most of the existing ensemble clustering methods is that they generally treat all base clusterings equally regardless of their reliability, which makes them vulnerable to low-quality base clusterings. Although some efforts have been made to (globally) evaluate and weight the base clusterings, yet these methods tend to view each base clustering as an individual and neglect the local diversity of clusters inside the same base clustering. It remains an open problem how to evaluate the reliability of clusters and exploit the local diversity in the ensemble to enhance the consensus performance, especially in the case when there is no access to data features or specific assumptions on data distribution. To address this, in this paper, we propose a novel ensemble clustering approach based on ensemble-driven cluster uncertainty estimation and local weighting strategy. In particular, the uncertainty of each cluster is estimated by considering the cluster labels in the entire ensemble via an entropic criterion. A novel ensemble-driven cluster validity measure is introduced, and a locally weighted co-association matrix is presented to serve as a summary for the ensemble of diverse clusters. With the local diversity in ensembles exploited, two novel consensus functions are further proposed. Extensive experiments on a variety of real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art.
description: The MATLAB source code and experimental data of this work are available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316681928
Speziation von Gadolinium-MRT-Kontrastmitteln in Umweltmatrizes
Creators: name: Lindner, Uwe
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gadolinium
subject: Gd-Kontrastmittel
subject: Umwelt
subject: ICP-MS
subject: HPLC
subject: ZIC-HILIC
subject: Speziation
subject: Gd based contrast agents
subject: environment
subject: speciation
subject: 543 Analytische Chemie
subject: VS 8407
subject: VN 9367

description: Gd-Kontrastmittel werden in der Medizin für die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) benötigt, um einen besseren Bildkontrast zu erzielen. Nach der Anwendung gelangen diese Arzneimittel über das Abwasser in die Klärwerke und von dort in die jeweiligen anliegenden Oberflächengewässer. Somit wird es notwendig, den Verbleib der Gd-MRT-Kontrastmittel in der Umwelt zu verfolgen und aufzuklären. In dieser Arbeit werden für die Analyse von Umweltproben Methoden zur Speziesanalytik von Gd-Kontrastmitteln entwickelt und optimiert. Hierbei wird u.a. die Zwitterionische Hydrophile Interaktionschromatographie (HILIC) verwendet, die mit einer Induktiv- gekoppelten Plasma – Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) gekoppelt ist.
description: Gd based contrast agents are used for medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to enhance the contrast of the image. After application and excretion, the drugs pass through the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and make their way into the surrounding surface water bodies. This makes it necessary to monitor the fate of the Gd based contrast agents in the environment. In this work, methods for speciation analysis of Gd based contrast agents in environmental samples were developed and optimised. For this purpose i.a. zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is used, which is hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Autoregressive Moving Average Graph Filtering
Creators: name: Isufi, Elvin
name: Loukas, Andreas
name: Simonetto, Andrea
name: Leus, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: One of the cornerstones of the field of signal processing on graphs are graph filters, direct analogues of classical filters, but intended for signals defined on graphs. This work brings forth new insights on the distributed graph filtering problem. We design a family of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) recursions, which (i) are able to approximate any desired graph frequency response, and (ii) give exact solutions for tasks such as graph signal denoising and interpolation. The design philosophy, which allows us to design the ARMA coefficients independently from the underlying graph, renders the ARMA graph filters suitable in static and, particularly, time-varying settings. The latter occur when the graph signal and/or graph are changing over time. We show that in case of a time-varying graph signal our approach extends naturally to a two-dimensional filter, operating concurrently in the graph and regular time domains. We also derive sufficient conditions for filter stability when the graph and signal are time-varying. The analytical and numerical results presented in this paper illustrate that ARMA graph filters are practically appealing for static and time-varying settings, as predicted by theoretical derivations.
Introduction: Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
Creators: name: Sohn, Heidi
name: Kousoulas, Stavros
name: Bruyns, Gerhard
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: Contemporary commoning practices do not constitute a mere alternative, but instead comprise a qualitative threshold: a moment of critical differentiation. As such, they call out for the development of a set of renewed methodological, analytical and synthetic tools and devices that are better equipped to understand the in-between as a ‘thirding’: as a form of differentiated publicness. The editorial introduction offers a platform of negotiation, which far from disregarding the already established approaches to the thematic in question, aims at expanding their scope, complementing them with non-dialectical readings. By presenting non-hierarchical understandings of urban practices, as well as fostering the intersection of different trajectories and discourses, the introduction to this issue strives to provide a fertile ground for the encounter of the multidimensional and relational potentials of contemporary commoning practices.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
Common Space as Threshold Space: Urban Commoning in Struggles to Re-appropriate Public Space
Creators: name: Stavrides, Stavros
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: This paper will explore contemporary practices of urban commoning while attempting to construct a theoretical argument on the inherently emancipating potentialities of common space. Urban commoning will be considered as a set of spatial practices through which space is created both as a good to be shared and as a medium that can give form to institutions of sharing. In order for commoning to remain an open process that continuously expands without being contained in any form of enclosure, it has to invite newcomers. Shared spaces, open to newcomers, are spaces defined neither by a prevailing authority that supervises their use, nor by a closed community that controls them by excluding all ‘outsiders’. Common spaces are thus dependent upon their power to communicate and connect rather than separate. Common spaces are threshold spaces, connecting and comparing adjacent areas at the same time. In practices of common space creation, commoners create areas of encounter and collective self-management. Rules of use are also of a threshold character, constantly in the making. Likewise, subjects of use are threshold subjects: for commoning to remain open and ever expanding, commoners have to consider themselves open to transformative negotiations with newcomers. This paper will thus attempt to understand urban commoning as a multifaceted process which produces spaces, subjects of use (inhabitants) and rules of use (institutions) that share the same qualitative characteristics. In such a prospect, urban commoning can prefigure forms of social relations based on sharing, cooperation and solidarity. In this way, space becomes not simply a common product but also the means through which egalitarian social relations can potentially be shaped.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
Minimax Rates for Estimating the Dimension of a Manifold
Creators: name: Kim, Jisu
name: Rinaldo, Alessandro
name: Wasserman, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many algorithms in machine learning and computational geometry require, as input, the intrinsic dimension of the manifold that supports the probability distribution of the data. This parameter is rarely known and therefore has to be estimated. We characterize the statistical difficulty of this problem by deriving upper and lower bounds on the minimax rate for estimating the dimension. First, we consider the problem of testing the hypothesis that the support of the data-generating probability distribution is a well-behaved manifold of intrinsic dimension $d_1$ versus the alternative that it is of dimension $d_2$, with $d_{1}
description: 54 pages, 11 figures, to be published in Journal of Computational Geometry, Volume 10, Number 1
On Beş Köpek, Turkish Translation and Analysis of André Alexis's Modern Fable Fifteen Dogs
Creators: name: Keskin Saldi, Rana
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Modern fable
Translating the modern fable
Literary translation
Turkish
Descriptive translation studies

description: ABSTRACT The modern fable differs from the classic fable in terms of style, form, and content. Translating the modern fable likewise diverges from translating the classic fable in terms of the concerns that a translator might have along the way. This thesis serves as a case study on the practice of translating the modern fable by using On Beş Köpek, my Turkish translation of André Alexis's Giller Prize-winning 2015 modern fable, Fifteen Dogs, as a paradigm. This thesis is built upon six chapters, the first and the last of which are designed to be introductory and conclusive respectively. In the second chapter, the apologue/fable is defined and a historical review is provided from Aesop's fables to the modern fable. The third chapter provides an analysis of the source text, i.e. Fifteen Dogs, by mainly discussing the “fabulous” characteristics it displays. The fourth chapter is my complete Turkish translation, i.e. On Beş Köpek, whereas the fifth chapter presents an analysis of my Turkish translation within the framework of Gideon Toury's descriptive methodology. RÉSUMÉ La fable moderne diffère de la fable classique en matière de style, de forme et de contenu. La traduction de la fable moderne se distingue donc également de la traduction de la fable classique quant aux préoccupations du traducteur au moment de traduire celle-ci. Cette thèse sert d’étude de cas relative à la pratique de la traduction de la fable moderne en proposant On Beş Köpek, ma traduction en turc de Fifteen Dogs (la fable moderne et récipiendaire du prix Giller qu’André Alexis a écrite en 2015) comme exemple de paradigme. Cette thèse compte six chapitres, dont le premier et le dernier agissent respectivement comme introduction et conclusion. Dans le second chapitre, l'apologue/la fable est définie, et un survol historique d'Ésope à la fable moderne est ensuite offert. Le troisième chapitre fournit une analyse du texte source – Fifteen Dogs – traitant principalement des caractéristiques «fabuleuses» qu'il contient. Le quatrième chapitre renferme ma traduction complète en turc – On Beş Köpek – tandis que le cinquième chapitre présente une analyse de ma traduction suivant le cadre de méthodologie descriptive proposé par Gideon Toury.
Instituting Commoning
Creators: name: STEALTH.Unlimited, .
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: Starting from the origins of the notion of management, this paper explores how commons governance is constituted by the earlier influential research of Elinor Ostrom, and pursues this with reference to scholars such as Saki Bailey, who emphasises that the choice of regulatory frame is ultimately a political one. We then argue that commons have to be ‘instituted’ in an open manner in order to remain accessible. This demands a set of scripts, rules or agreements that keep the process of commoning in place, and, simultaneously, keep commoning in a constant process of reproduction. We examine this tension and look at the shift in understanding about what ‘institutions of the commons’ have entailed in practice over the course of the last century and a half. Finally, we return to the political dimension to touch upon the question of whether, with the disappearance of the welfare state, a coherent concept of society can emerge from the current upsurge of commons initiatives.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
Contraadjusted modules, contramodules, and reduced cotorsion modules
Creators: name: Positselski, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to the more elementary aspects of the contramodule story, and can be viewed as an extended introduction to the more technically complicated arXiv:1503.05523. Reduced cotorsion abelian groups form an abelian category, which is in some sense covariantly dual to the category of torsion abelian groups. An abelian group is reduced cotorsion if and only if it is isomorphic to a product of p-contramodule abelian groups over prime numbers p. Any p-contraadjusted abelian group is p-adically complete, and any p-adically separated and complete group is a p-contramodule, but the converse assertions are not true. In some form, these results hold for modules over arbitrary commutative rings, while other formulations are applicable to modules over one-dimensional Noetherian rings.
description: LaTeX 2e, 72 pages; v.5: Remark 6.7 expanded, new Remark 7.6 inserted; v.6: Section 6 partly rewritten and expanded, Lemma 8.10 and Remark 13.4 inserted, several misprints corrected; v.7: several misprints corrected -- this is intended as the final version; v.8: several misprints corrected, particularly one in the formulation of Lemma 5.7
New Rights and the Space of Practices: Italian Contributions to a Theory of the Urban Commons
Creators: name: Vianello, Michele
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2015

description: This paper conducts an analysis of two relevant aspects emerging from Italian research on the commons. The first focuses on legal aspects and juridical problems related to the commons, while the second considers practices that enable the collective social reproduction of contemporary urban commons. These two aspects are presented in their theoretical and discursive evolution in relation to their specificity in the Italian context. What is revealed is that they prove to be mutually reliant, and that, when combined, they offer heuristically fruitful perspectives for the advancement of the idea of commons today. A particular emphasis is placed on the difference between customs and practices, the former being the base for traditional arrangements of commoning, the latter being the potential principle for new types of arrangements today. Some specific Italian situations are invoked to illustrate the points made and to provide elements for an analytical approach relevant to different contexts.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 16 | Spring 2015 | Commoning as Differentiated Publicness
Full reconstruction of a 14-qubit state within four hours
Creators: name: Hou, Zhibo
name: Zhong, Han-Sen
name: Tian, Ye
name: Dong, Daoyi
name: Qi, Bo
name: Li, Li
name: Wang, Yuanlong
name: Nori, Franco
name: Xiang, Guo-Yong
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full quantum state tomography (FQST) plays a unique role in the estimation of the state of a quantum system without \emph{a priori} knowledge or assumptions. Unfortunately, since FQST requires informationally (over)complete measurements, both the number of measurement bases and the computational complexity of data processing suffer an exponential growth with the size of the quantum system. A 14-qubit entangled state has already been experimentally prepared in an ion trap, and the data processing capability for FQST of a 14-qubit state seems to be far away from practical applications. In this paper, the computational capability of FQST is pushed forward to reconstruct a 14-qubit state with a run time of only 3.35 hours using the linear regression estimation (LRE) algorithm, even when informationally overcomplete Pauli measurements are employed. The computational complexity of the LRE algorithm is first reduced from $O(10^{19})$ to $O(10^{15})$ for a 14-qubit state, by dropping all the zero elements, and its computational efficiency is further sped up by fully exploiting the parallelism of the LRE algorithm with parallel Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) programming. Our result can play an important role in quantum information technologies with large quantum systems.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, comments welcome
title: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
title: Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: FOOTPRINT
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: Digital technology has introduced in the last decades data-driven representational and generative methodologies based on principles such as parametric definition and algorithmic processing. In this context, the 15th Footprint issue examines the development of data-driven techniques such as digital drawing, modelling, and simulation with respect to their relationship to design. The dynamics between data-driven processes and design, as well as the impact of these processes on artistic and architectural production, is addressed in 5 papers from authors with diverse backgrounds in media studies, art, and architecture. From theoretical explorations discussing cultural swarming techniques and data-driven design representation and materialisation aspects to practical (artistic and architectural) experimentation, this issue indicates the increasing convergence of computational and material systems. Furthermore, it addresses the generation of multiple, emergent results from one and the same computational representation – results that may be realized virtually at the level of design conceptualization, physically at the level of production, and even operationally at the level of artefact or building use where users or the environment contribute to the emergence of multiple physical configurations and outcomes. Data-driven design thereby establishes an unprecedented design to production to operation feedback loop. Issue's editors: Henriette Bier and Terry Knight
description: Intersecting Knowledge Fields and Integrating Data-Driven Computational Design en Route to Performance-Oriented and Intensely Local Architectures...59-74 Data Reshaped: Literalism in the Age of Digital Design and Architectural Fabrication...43-58 Mind the Gap: Reconciling Formalism and Intuitionism in Computational Design Research...33-42 A New Kind of Art [Based on Autonomous Collective Robotics]...25-32 Computational Swarming: A Cultural Technique for Generative Architecture...9-24 Data-Driven Design to Production and Operation...1-8
title: Реконструкция и реставрация объектов недвижимости
title: Учебник
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Асаул А.Н.
name:  Казаков Ю.Н.
name:  Ипанов В.И.
Publisher: name: Институт проблем экономического возрождения, Гуманистика
Year: 2005

description: В учебнике рассматриваются теоретические основы, методы и способы выполнения производственных процессов при реконструкции и реставрации различных объектов недвижимости. Освещены принципы реконструкции исторических центров городов на примере Санкт-Петербурга. Рассмотрены методы реконструкции жилых домов первых массовых серий. Приведены правила обследования и диагностики строительных материалов и конструкций. Учебник знакомит читателя с новыми современными технологиями и строительными материалами, применяемыми при проведении реконструкции зданий и сооружений. Предназначен для студентов всех форм обучения архитектурных и строительных специальностей, преподавателей, слушателей системы переподготовки и повышения квалификации, а так же для предпринимателей, работающих в инвестиционно-строительной сфере.
description: The tutorial discusses the theoretical foundations, methods and ways of executing production during the reconstruction and restoration of various objects of real estate. Illuminated the principles of reconstruction of historical city centers on the example of St. Petersburg. Considers the methods of reconstruction of residential houses first mass series. The rules for examination and diagnostics of building materials and structures. The textbook familiarizes the reader with new modern technologies and construction materials used in the reconstruction of buildings and structures. Designed for students of all forms of learning in architecture and civil engineering, teachers, listeners of system of retraining and advanced training, as well as for businessmen working in the investment and construction sphere.
title: Теория и практика принятия решений по выходу организаций из кризиса
Creators: name: Асаул А.Н.
name:  Князь И.П.
name:  Коротаева Ю.В.
Publisher: name: Институт проблем экономического возрождения
Year: 2007

description: В книге представлены теоретические исследования и практические разработки теории принятия управленческих решений с учетом жизненного цикла организации. Особое внимание уделено исследованию возникновения, распознавания кризисов на ранних стадиях кризисного процесса. Представлена методика распознавания скрытой стадии кризиса в организации и ее применение в строительных организациях. Значительное внимание уделено моделированию управленческих решений в организации и принятию управленческих решений по выходу организаций из кризиса. Книга предназначена ученым, аспирантам, слушателям системы переподготовки и повышения квалификации специалистов по экономике и управлению, руководителям высшего управленческого звена. Книга может быть использована в учебном процессе при подготовке специалистов обучающихся по специальности 080500 «Экономика и управление народным хозяйством» и магистров по направлению 521500 «Менеджмент».
description: The book presents theoretical studies and practical development of the theory of managerial decision-making regarding the life cycle of the organization. Special attention is paid to the study of the origin, recognition crises in the early stages of the crisis process. The method of recognition of the latent phase of the crisis in organizations and its application in construction organizations. Considerable attention is given to the simulation of management decisions in organization and management decisions about the exit of organizations from the crisis. The book is intended for scientists, graduate students, listeners of system of retraining and advanced training of specialists in Economics and management, senior management. The book can be used in educational process at training of specialists trained on a speciality 080500 "Economics and national economy management" and masters in the direction of 521500 "Management".
COCO: A Platform for Comparing Continuous Optimizers in a Black-Box Setting
Creators: name: Hansen, Nikolaus
name: Auger, Anne
name: Ros, Raymond
name: Mersmann, Olaf
name: Tušar, Tea
name: Brockhoff, Dimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce COCO, an open source platform for Comparing Continuous Optimizers in a black-box setting. COCO aims at automatizing the tedious and repetitive task of benchmarking numerical optimization algorithms to the greatest possible extent. The platform and the underlying methodology allow to benchmark in the same framework deterministic and stochastic solvers for both single and multiobjective optimization. We present the rationales behind the (decade-long) development of the platform as a general proposition for guidelines towards better benchmarking. We detail underlying fundamental concepts of COCO such as the definition of a problem as a function instance, the underlying idea of instances, the use of target values, and runtime defined by the number of function calls as the central performance measure. Finally, we give a quick overview of the basic code structure and the currently available test suites.
description: Optimization Methods and Software, Taylor & Francis, In press, pp.1-31
Data-Driven Design to Production and Operation
Creators: name: Bier, Henriette
name: Knight, Terry
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: Digital technology has introduced in the last decades data-driven representational and generative methodologies based on principles such as parametric definition and algorithmic processing. In this context, the 15th Footprint issue examines the development of data-driven techniques such as digital drawing, modelling, and simulation with respect to their relationship to design. The data propelling these techniques may consist of qualitative or quantitative values and relations that are algorithmically processed. However, the focus here is not on each technique and its respective representational and generative aspects, but on the interface between these techniques and design conceptualisation, materialization, and use.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
Computational Swarming: A Cultural Technique for Generative Architecture
Creators: name: Vehlken, Sebastian
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: After a first wave of digital architecture in the 1990s, the last decade saw some approaches where agent-based modelling and simulation (ABM) was used for generative strategies in architectural design. By taking advantage of the self-organisational capabilities of computational agent collectives whose global behaviour emerges from the local interaction of a large number of relatively simple individuals (as it does, for instance, in animal swarms), architects are able to understand buildings and urbanscapes in a novel way as complex spaces that are constituted by the movement of multiple material and informational elements. As a major, zoo-technological branch of ABM, Computational Swarm Intelligence (SI) coalesces all kinds of architectural elements – materials, people, environmental forces, traffic dynamics, etc. – into a collective population. Thereby, SI and ABM initiate a shift from geometric or parametric planning to time-based and less prescriptive software tools. Agent-based applications of this sort are used to model solution strategies in a number of areas where opaque and complex problems present themselves – from epidemiology to logistics, and from market simulations to crowd control. This article seeks to conceptualise SI and ABM as a fundamental and novel cultural technique for governing dynamic processes, taking their employment in generative architectural design as a concrete example. In order to avoid a rather conventional application of philosophical theories to this field, the paper explores how the procedures of such technologies can be understood in relation to the media-historical concept of Cultural Techniques.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
A New Kind of Art [Based on Autonomous Collective Robotics]
Creators: name: Moura, Leonel
name: Garcia Pereira, Henrique
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: The paper addresses the rationale of a process that produces artworks made by a swarm of robots. This process relies on the interaction, though the environment, of a set of robots designed to create spatiotemporal patterns from an initial homogeneous medium (the canvas). Inspired by social insect societies, the approach presented here exploits robot-robot and robot-environment interactions to develop emergent behaviour. The swarm intelligence concept is crucial to this approach because the viability of the team (group of robots) is required in order to achieve the viability of the individual. Without any central coordination or plan, the group of robots produces its artworks on the basis of a data-driven (bottom-up) process. Moreover, each robot can be viewed as an autonomous agent because it has on board all the resources required to provide the global outcome of the experiment, including sensors, actuators, and the controller, which demonstrates a reactive behaviour by reinforcing a previously made signal (positive feedback). The process is also presented in the context of Machine Art, and a detailed technical description of each robot is given, as well as an example of artworks produced by the collective behaviour of the set of robots.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
Mind the Gap: Reconciling Formalism and Intuitionism in Computational Design Research
Creators: name: Mennan, Zeynep
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: The paper discusses the epistemological and methodological implications of an increasing process of formalisation and naturalisation of knowledge within the context of the complexity paradigm. This process is argued to induce a shift in the nature of notations and representations, to which corresponds an epistemic shift from a graphic to a computational rationality, with substantial effects on current design methodologies and strategies used in computational design. The shortcomings of a heavy formalism are discussed with respect to a possible reconciliation between the operational efficiency of formalist representations and the recovery of the phenomenological grounds of design experimentations through a simultaneous articulation of formalist and intuitionist approaches in computational design research.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design
The Metal Abundances across Cosmic Time ($\mathcal{MACT}$) Survey. II. Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation over 8 Billion Years, using [OIII]$λ$4363Å-based Metallicities
Creators: name: Ly, Chun
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Rigby, Jane
name: Nagao, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from MMT and Keck spectroscopy for a large sample of $0.1\leq z\leq1$ emission-line galaxies selected from our narrow-band imaging in the Subaru Deep Field. We measured the weak [OIII]$λ$4363 emission line for 164 galaxies (66 with at least 3$σ$ detections, and 98 with significant upper limits). The strength of this line is set by the electron temperature for the ionized gas. Because the gas temperature is regulated by the metal content, the gas-phase oxygen abundance is inversely correlated with [OIII]$λ$4363 line strength. Our temperature-based metallicity study is the first to span $\approx$8 Gyr of cosmic time and $\approx$3 dex in stellar mass for low-mass galaxies, $\log{\left(M_{\rm star}/M_{\rm sun}\right)}\approx6.0-9.0$. Using extensive multi-wavelength photometry, we measure the evolution of the stellar mass--gas metallicity relation and its dependence on dust-corrected star formation rate (SFR). The latter is obtained from high signal-to-noise Balmer emission-line measurements. Our mass-metallicity relation is consistent with Andrews & Martini at $z\leq0.3$, and evolves toward lower abundances at a given stellar mass, $\log{({\rm O/H})}\propto(1+z)^{-2.32^{+0.52}_{-0.26}}$. We find that galaxies with lower metallicities have higher SFRs at a given stellar mass and redshift, although the scatter is large ($\approx$0.3 dex), and the trend is weaker than seen in local studies. We also compare our mass--metallicity relation against predictions from high-resolution galaxy formation simulations, and find good agreement with models that adopt energy- and momentum-driven stellar feedback. We have identified 16 extremely metal-poor galaxies with abundances less than a tenth of solar; our most metal-poor galaxy at $z\approx0.84$ is similar to I Zw 18.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Updated to match published version in the Astrophysical Journal
Data Reshaped: Literalism in the Age of Digital Design and Architectural Fabrication
Creators: name: Neuman, Eran
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: This essay examines the recent shift in the perception of literalism in architecture as a result of the advent of digital media and the emergence of digital design processes. Whereas pre-digital literalism in art and architecture focused on the object and on space respectively, digital literalism is based on data transliteration and the design processes themselves. Referring to theoretical discourses that frame literal expressions as non-representational, non-metaphorical and non-analogical utterances, the essay delves into the ways in which data-based expressions become literal. The ability to digitally transliterate data and have it articulated in several (virtual or physical) media enables the creation of multiple expressions of the same data that are literal with respect to each other. The essay outlines these transformations and argues that they reflect significant changes in architectural design processes and their literalisation.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 15 | Autumn 2014 | Dynamics of Data-Driven Design