cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Partner-specific adaptation in disfluency processing in older adults
Creators: name: Luo, Diyu
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cognitive declines
Disfluency processing
Prelinguistic cues
Speaker-specific adaptation

description: Listeners utilize diverse linguistic and prelinguistic cues in real-time communication processing to aid in their anticipation of the following discourse. Speakers’ disfluency, such as "uh" and "um", often leads listeners to predict that the upcoming words will likely refer to something novel or unfamiliar. Studies have shown that younger listeners possess the capacity to adjust their anticipation of disfluency according to the speakers/contexts involved. However, it remains unclear whether older adults exhibit context/speaker specific adaptability and how age-related cognitive decline influences their processing. Two experiments were conducted with 50 healthy older adults (aged 65+) participating in each. Participants engaged in a referential communication task utilizing eye tracking and a series of cognitive assessments. Experiment 1 evaluated listeners’ responses to predictive and non-predictive disfluency conditions in between-subjects design. Experiment 2 employed a within-subjects design incorporating disfluency from two speakers to assess adaptability in complex contexts. Results suggested that while older listeners exhibit some degree of adaptability in utilizing speaker characteristics for processing disfluency, they display greater challenges in flexibly adapting their predictions of disfluency within complex conversations (e.g., having two speakers simultaneously). These findings suggest potential impacts of age-related cognitive declines on older adults' disfluency processing. More research should be conducted to investigate the impact of cognitive abilities on the underlying mechanisms, as well as the implications of stuttering-like disfluency and memory impairment on comprehension processing.
Mobile certifying cryptographic file system
Creators: name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: This thesis describes the design and implementation of a Mobile Certifying Cryptographic File System (MCCFS), which proposes a solution that allows the mobile user access to remote resources from different locations using either the same device or nearby devices. The MCCFS is aimed to support the host mobility and user mobility in a secure environment. We separated the key management from the notion of administrative realm based on two factors authentication and certificate-based access control lists. Mobile users can certify themselves in remote domains freely. MCCFS provided transparent encryption support for accessing files not only in local machine but also across Internet on HTTP or FTP servers. Files are encrypted when they are transferred over the network and when saved on untrusted machines. The MCCFS affords mobile users more flexibility in accessing and sharing their files and does not require the assistance of the local or remote realm's system administrator.
Optical and thermal characterization on micro-optical elements made by femtosecond laser writing
Creators: name: Buividas, Richard
name: Mizeikis, V.
name: Kiršanske, G.
name: Žukauskas, A.
name: Malinauskas, M.
name: Murayama, T.
name: Hikima, Y.
name: Morikawa, J.
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Friend, James
name: Tan, H. Hoe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Abstract not reproduced here by request of the publisher. The text is available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033787
3447150.pdf
Creators: name: Jang, Yudong
name: Devaraj, Vasanthan
name: Kim, Moon-Deock
name: Song, Jin Dong
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Lee, Donghan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental document
Logical form and linguistic form: on descriptions as quantifiers
Creators: name: Willman, Marshall Duke
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2007
Subjects: Descriptions
Linguistic form
Logical form
Descriptors
Language and logic
Anaphora
Grammar, Comparative and general

description: The purpose of this essay is to advance and defend a theory on the notion of logical form as a representation of the structure of the meanings of natural language sentences. Central to this defense is an examination of Russell’s 1905 theory of descriptions. Following an investigation of the different ways in which this theory has been applied (for instance, in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophical psychology), it is argued that there is a modified application of this theory that can be defended as a substantive contribution to a general theory on the semantics of natural language. This general theory proposes that linguistic meaning be treated as determined by grammatical form on the supposition that the syntactic compositionality inherent in the forms of sentences involving descriptive phrases is systematically commensurate with the compositionality inherent in the structures associated with their meanings. The result is a theory of descriptions which, while largely abandoning the view that natural language grammatical form is misleading, remains consonant with the general spirit of the Russellian program by proposing to build structure into the language of logic as a way of rendering perspicuous our knowledge of the logical forms of natural language sentences.
description: Following recent developments in linguistics, it is argued that semantic interpretation applies at an abstract level of analysis that linguists call “Logical Form.” A systematic procedure is then articulated for transforming the sentences of natural language into structures that facilitate a direct mapping onto the formulas of a logical grammar. This grammar consists of a non-standard second-order logic with restricted quantifiers, lambda abstracts for complex predicates, and nominalized predicates. In the process of applying this logical grammar to natural language, an inter-linguistic, comparative approach is adopted that looks to other natural languages such as Chinese. It is shown, for instance, how the system here developed yields logical forms for sentences in Chinese involving intensional contexts. Such sentences reveal interesting idiosyncrasies in connection with the semantics of predication and identity, and this forces us to rethink many of our assumptions about the relationship between grammatical form and logical form.
Étude des liens entre l'identité, la privation relative, le nationalisme et le racisme menée auprès de francophones du Québec de niveau collégial.
Creators: name: Joly, Stéphane.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Social.

description: Le nationalisme des groupes minoritaires est un mouvement qui, loin de s'affaiblir, semble prendre de l'ampleur. En fait, ce type de mouvement est souvent utilise par les membres d'un groupe minoritaire afin d'ameliorer leur situation. La presente recherche a pour but d'evaluer aupres d'individus faisant partie d'un groupe minoritaire les liens entre la double identification (au groupe d'appartenance et au groupe majoritaire), la privation relative collective, la privation relative progressive collective et l'accord avec des revendications nationalistes. Un deuxieme but est d'evaluer le lien entre le nationalisme et les reactions aux immigrants des minorites visibles. A cet effet, 346 etudiants et etudiantes francophones d'un Cegep de la region de Montreal ont complete un questionnaire. Les resultats d'analyses de variance indiquent que la double identification et la privation relative collective, mais non la privation relative progressive collective, permettent de mieux comprendre pourquoi les individus sont favorables aux revendications nationalistes. Ils revelent egalement que les deux types de privation relative sont influences par la double identite. Enfin, les resultats montrent que les individus plus favorables aux revendications nationalistes n'ont pas plus de prejuges racistes et neo-racistes a l'endroit des immigrants des minorites visibles que les personnes moins favorables. Les resultats sont discutes en fonction des theories de l'identite sociale et de la privation relative et la portee pratique de ces resultats est presentee.
Characterization of optical polarization converters made by femtosecond laser writing
Creators: name: De Jong, Christiaan J.
name: Lajevardipour, Alireza
name: Gecevičius, Mindaugas
name: Beresna, Martynas
name: Seniutinas, Gediminas
name: Gervinskas, Gediminas
name: Buividas, Richard
name: Kazansky, Peter G.
name: Bellouard, Yves
name: Clayton, Andrew
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Friend, James
name: Tan, H. Hoe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Abstract not reproduced here by request of the publisher. The text is available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033928
The effectiveness of a web 2.0 physical activity intervention in older adults – a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Alley, Stephanie J.
name: Kolt, Gregory S.
name: Duncan, Mitch J.
name: Caperchione, Cristina M.
name: Savage, Trevor N.
name: Maeder, Anthony J.
name: Rosenkranz, Richard R.
name: Tague, Rhys
name: Van Itallie, Anetta K.
name: Kerry Mummery, W.
name: Vandelanotte, Corneel
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Interactive web-based physical activity interventions using Web 2.0 features (e.g., social networking) have the potential to improve engagement and effectiveness compared to static Web 1.0 interventions. However, older adults may engage with Web 2.0 interventions differently than younger adults. The aims of this study were to determine whether an interaction between intervention (Web 2.0 and Web 1.0) and age group (<55y and ≥55y) exists for website usage and to determine whether an interaction between intervention (Web 2.0, Web 1.0 and logbook) and age group (<55y and ≥55y) exists for intervention effectiveness (changes in physical activity). Methods: As part of the WALK 2.0 trial, 504 Australian adults were randomly assigned to receive either a paper logbook (n = 171), a Web 1.0 (n = 165) or a Web 2.0 (n = 168) physical activity intervention. Moderate to vigorous physical activity was measured using ActiGraph monitors at baseline 3, 12 and 18 months. Website usage statistics including time on site, number of log-ins and number of step entries were also recorded. Generalised linear and intention-to-treat linear mixed models were used to test interactions between intervention and age groups (<55y and ≥55y) for website usage and moderate to vigorous physical activity changes. Results: Time on site was higher for the Web 2.0 compared to the Web 1.0 intervention from baseline to 3 months, and this difference was significantly greater in the older group (OR = 1.47, 95%CI = 1.01–2.14, p = .047). Participants in the Web 2.0 group increased their activity more than the logbook group at 3 months, and this difference was significantly greater in the older group (moderate to vigorous physical activity adjusted mean difference = 13.74, 95%CI = 1.08–26.40 min per day, p = .03). No intervention by age interactions were observed for Web 1.0 and logbook groups. Conclusions: Results partially support the use of Web 2.0 features to improve adults over 55 s’ engagement in and behaviour changes from web-based physical activity interventions. Trial registration ACTRN ACTRN12611000157976 , Registered 7 March 2011.
Crocin suppresses multidrug resistance in MRP overexpressing ovarian cancer cell line
Creators: name: Mahdizadeh, Shadi
name: Karimi, Gholamreza
name: Behravan, Javad
name: Arabzadeh, Sepideh
name: Lage, Hermann
name: Kalalinia, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crocin
subject: Multidrug resistance
subject: MRP1
subject: MRP2
subject: A2780
subject: A2780/RCIS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Background Crocin, one of the main constituents of saffron extract, has numerous biological effects such as anti-cancer effects. Multidrug resistance- associated proteins 1 and 2 (MRP1 and MRP2) are important elements in the failure of cancer chemotherapy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of crocin on MRP1 and MRP2 expression and function in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its cisplatin-resistant derivative A2780/RCIS cells. Methods The cytotoxicity of crocin was assessed by the MTT assay. The effects of crocin on the MRP1 and MRP2 mRNA expression and function were assessed by real-time RT-PCR and MTT assays, respectively. Results Our study indicated that crocin reduced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in which the reduction in proliferation rate was more noticeable in the A2780 cell line compared to A2780/RCIS. Crocin reduced MRP1 and MRP2 gene expression at the mRNA level in A2780/RCIS cells. It increased doxorubicin cytotoxicity on the resistant A2780/RCIS cells in comparison with the drug-sensitive A2780 cells. Conclusion Totally, these results indicated that crocin could suppress drug resistance via down regulation of MRP transporters in the human ovarian cancer resistant cell line.
3447150.pdf
Creators: name: Jang, Yudong
name: Devaraj, Vasanthan
name: Kim, Moon-Deock
name: Song, Jin Dong
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Lee, Donghan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental document
Universal Telecommunications Services: A brief history and analysis of the issues surrounding the new Australian legislation on the Universal Service Obligation
Creators: name: Corner, Stuart
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Australia’s largest telco, the former Government-owned and former monopoly Telstra, is required to fulfil the Universal Service Obligation. This entails: ensuring that all Australians
have access to a basic telephone service at standardised and in some cases subsidised prices; providing payphones throughout Australia: answering calls to the 000 and 112 emergency
services numbers and ensuring that these are passed on to the appropriate emergency services. Other telcos contribute to Telstra's costs in proportion to their ‘eligible revenues’. The legislative system governing the USO is being changed because of radical changes in the Australian telecommunications network that make the current scheme no longer appropriate.
The Australian Labor Government has committed to building a National Broadband Network (NBN) that will connect 93 percent of premises with fibre to the premises (FTTP). The legacy
copper pair access network owned by Telstra will be progressively shut down in FTTP areas and services provided over that network by Telstra and others will transition to the NBN. This
paper examines the history of universal service in Australia, the new USO regime developed for the NBN era, Telstra’s role in it and the criticisms the Government’s chosen approach has
attracted, with a particular focus on the standard telephone service.
Katana Graph - A Graph Intelligence Platform for High-Performance and Unified Graph Computing - Bo Wu
Creators: name: Wu, Bo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Knowledge Graph

description: Real-world applications may involve different kinds of graph computing workloads, which can be categorized into graph querying, graph analytics, graph mining, and graph machine learning. To address such needs, data scientists have to manually integrate multiple systems, such as graph databases and deep learning systems. The process is tedious and error-prone while the integrated pipeline is often inefficient and complicated to use. In this talk, I will use applications in life science to show how data scientists benefit from a high-performance and unified graph computing platform.
Black-Si as a platform for sensing
Creators: name: Gervinskas, G.
name: Michaux, P.
name: Seniutinas, G.
name: Hartley, J. S.
name: Mayes, E. L.H.
name: Verma, R.
name: Gupta, B. D.
name: Stoddart, Paul
name: Morrish, D.
name: Fahim, N. F.
name: Hossain, Md Muntasir
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Friend, James
name: Tan, H. Hoe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Abstract not reproduced here by request of the publisher. The text is available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033707
On the characterization of compound flood hazard at the coastal-riverine interface
Creators: name: Veatch, William C.
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Circular statistics
Compound flood
Directional statistics
Flood risk management
Flood seasonality
Flooding
public abstract

description: Floods caused by a confluence of forcing mechanisms, known as compound floods, are a hazard of increasing importance and visibility. In many areas of the coastal zone, the combination of net migration, relative sea level rise, and the effects of climate and land use change have combined to amplify this hazard in recent years. Various methods have been proposed to estimate the hazard posed by compound floods, an exercise complicated by scarcity of observed data and the complex physics of a phenomenon with multiple causes. In this dissertation, I review existing methods for analysis of compound floods, describe my own analyses and the unusual framework they leverage, and propose a new approach to assessing compound flood hazard.
description: I used linear combinations of von Mises distributions to model the arrival times of coastal and riverine floods, revealing additional flood seasons that are hidden or conflated by descriptive statistical measures or graphical visualization tools such as hydrographs. I found that flood seasonality varies for annual maxima series versus peaks over threshold, and by the threshold chosen. I also demonstrate that spatial patterns in coastal flood season depend on whether floods are defined using storm surges or total water level, and that coherent spatial patterns in river flood season revealed by divisive clustering point to distinct flood-generating mechanisms. I then connect the coastal and riverine analyses by examining the dependency of elevated coastal water level and the heavy rainfall that may accompany it, showing that what may initially appear to be a weak correlation among hazard types is in fact an amalgam of discrete populations with distinct patterns of correlation among mechanisms. Finally, I propose that in such areas, a method that combines techniques developed for mixed populations and coincident frequencies, and which accounts for partly-correlated forcings when present, may be warranted.
Geschlechterverhältnisse und Nachhaltigkeit
Creators: name: Röhr, Ulrike
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gender Mainstreaming
subject: Geschlecht und Umwelt
subject: Gender Mainstream
subject: Geschlecht und Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Geschlechterverhältnisse
subject: Geschlechterforschung
subject: Genderforschung
subject: Nachhaltigkeit | Strategien | Internationales

description: Vor 15 Jahren im Jahr 2002 startete das ⁠UBA⁠ das Projekt „Geschlechterverhältnisse und Nachhaltigkeit“, das auch aus heutiger Sicht noch als Leuchtturmprojekt bezeichnet werden kann. In dem Projekt untersuchte das UBA, wie Umweltpolitik und Geschlechtergerechtigkeit ineinander greifen und sich gegenseitig stärken können. Die Erkenntnisse, Empfehlungen und aufgeworfenen Fragen haben bis heute nichts an Relevanz eingebüßt. Deswegen veröffentlicht das UBA hiermit den bisher noch nicht erschienenen Abschlussbericht von 2004, in memoriam  der Projektbeteiligten und  damaligen Fachbereichsleiterin III, Jutta Penning.
On the Brain and Accountability: The Role of Neuroscience in the Courtroom
Creators: name: La Puma, Virginia Rose
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: College students' writings, neuroscience, court, legal system, evidence

description: This essay won or received an honorable mention for The Boothe Prize for excellence in first-year writing. The Boothe Prize recognizes and rewards outstanding expository and argumentative writing by undergraduate students in first-year classes that satisfy the WR 1 requirement. In each award-winning essay, student writers demonstrate clarity of argument, excellent integration of research-based evidence, and compelling prose style.
In this essay, Virginia Rose La Puma interviews experts including judges and law professors to reveal that the use of neuroscience as evidence in the courtroom is challenged on multiple levels, not the least of which involves juries and potential prejudice. She further recommended a solution: standardized jury instructions whenever juries must
consider neurological testimony or evidence, and shifting the focus away from assigning guilt and toward predicting future actions.
Creating subdivisions: The land assembly program in Kingston, Ontario, 1950-1962.
Creators: name: McGeachy, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: In Kingston, Ontario between 1950 and 1962, the land assembly program, which involved all three levels of the Canadian Federal system, generated nearly six hundred fully serviced lots arranged in two subdividisons named Polson Park and Calvin Park. These lots were priced specifically for the middle income market Meanwhile, the public housing program, which also involved all three levels of the Canadian Federal system, built only seventy-one low cost rental units. This total must be considered insufficient when compared to the overall demand for affordable housing. This thesis uses a case study approach to examine the dynamics, at the local level, behind the intergovernmental land assembly program. The first chapter, defines terms, examines various theoretical perspectives and provides a cross-cultural comparison between of the housing policies of Canada, Great Britain, and the United States. The succeeding chapters focus on the formation of the program at the upper echelons of the federal and provincial bureaucracies, two aborted land assembly projects in Kingston and the two successful projects. The land assembly program was very much a reflection of the Canadian socio-economic and political attitudes of the 1950's.
Impact of movement control, body water composition, and stress on cognitive function in humans
Creators: name: Lee, Jinhyun
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cognitive function
Movement control
Physiological arousal
public abstract
Body Composition

description: Intact cognitive function is important because cognitive function decline can negatively impact daily activities and quality of life. Although multiple factors are known to influence cognitive function, including sleep quantity and quality, inflammation, physical activity, and body mass index, this dissertation will explore current research gaps on this subject. One issue addressed is the use of current cognitive testing tools. Some of these tools include a patient movement component, which may invalidate the results for people with movement impairments. Therefore, we use NIH cognitive testing techniques to investigate whether people with impaired movement demonstrate poorer cognitive function. Furthermore, we explore a method to offset the motor-induced penalty experienced by movement-impaired patients undergoing cognitive testing.
description: Second, we investigate specific physical characteristics associated with cognitive function. Body water compartment measurements may provide additional physical data that offers insights into the status of specific physiological elements, including systemic inflammation, edema, and the blood–brain barrier. Chronic health problems, such as compromised cognitive function, may be associated with systemic inflammation and edema, which may be associated with body water compartment data. However, these data are currently lacking. Therefore, we investigate the association between body water compartment data—specifically, the ratio of extracellular to intracellular water and cognitive function in healthy younger and older adults.
description: The third issue we address is how physiological arousal possibly induced by cognitive testing may influence test results. Physiological arousal may be estimated by heart rate variability because it can demonstrate real-time fluctuation that can serve as an estimate of autonomic nervous system activity. Data on this phenomenon may provide physiological biofeedback information that can prime our concentration during stressful situations. It has been suggested that physiological arousal influences brain regions, including the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. However, the influence of physiological arousal on many cognitive domains remains elusive. Therefore, we identify the response of heart rate variation while cognitive testing is being administered and examine if cognitive testing scores are associated with physiological arousal induced by the testing.
description: The combined findings of this investigation demonstrate that impaired upper extremity movement, extracellular to intracellular water ratio, and physiological arousal may impact cognitive function, thereby requiring attention in rehabilitation settings.
Anger management training with adult prisoners.
Creators: name: Kennedy, Sharon Marian.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Clinical.

description: The present study was designed to assess the efficacy of anger management training with aggressive, adult male offenders. The research design included two active treatment conditions and two delayed treatment control conditions. Treatment consisted of cognitive (Anger Control Training) and behavioral components (Structured Learning Therapy). The order of these components was balanced so that the therapeutic effectiveness of each component could be determined, as well as the complete program. Treatment was provided in a traditional correctional centre and in a specialized treatment centre. The program was conducted over a five week period and consisted of a total of 23 therapy sessions, each of which were three hours in length. Thirty-seven adult, male offenders confined in a medium security prison volunteered to participate in the study. All participants were assessed prior to treatment, following the first component of the program, following the second component of the program, and two months following termination of the program. The results of this study demonstrated that anger control training and structured learning therapy are both effective treatment modalities for incarcerated adult male offenders with severe anger and aggressive behavioral problems. Subjects in all four active treatment conditions displayed the following changes. They self-reported less anger to a variety of provocations common to the prison setting. They self-reported decreases in the frequency, intensity, and duration of anger, more appropriate modalities of expression, and fewer consequences of anger reactions. Objective behavioral ratings of their verbal responses to laboratory role-played provocations indicated their responses were more appropriate, as were their self-reported reactions to these provocations. In addition, subjects demonstrated more prosocial attitudes following completion of the program. The overall findings from the followup measures provide strong support for the extended maintenance of treatment benefits. Subjects continued to demonstrate lower levels of anger arousal on cognitive indices of anger. There were no differences in treatment effectiveness between the two institutions on the majority of dependent measures. Overall, the order of presentation of the therapeutic components (Anger Control Training and Structured Learning Therapy) had no distinguishable effects. Thus, all treatment groups benefitted equally from the program. However, the results do indicate that the major therapeutic gains occurred during the first phase of treatment, regardless of the treatment component received. Comparisons conducted on the disciplinary offense yielded inconsistent findings. Although, no strong statement about treatment efficacy can be made from the misconduct data, exposure to the first phase of the program may have had practical value for some of the participants.
Hydrogen-driven remodeling of molecular networks by the nucleolar architecture
Creators: name: Mekhail, Karim
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biology, Cell.

description: Acidosis protects cells facing low oxygen tension (hypoxia) in various physiological and pathological settings that include muscle exercise, tumor development, and ischemic disorders. A central element in the adaptive response to low oxygen tension is HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor), a transcription factor that activates an array of genes implicated in oxygen homeostasis, tumour vascularization and ischemic preconditioning. HIF is activated by hypoxia, but undergoes degradation by the VHL (von Hippel-Lindau) tumour suppressor ubiquitin ligase complex in the presence of oxygen. Here, we uncover a gene-regulatory and energy homeostasis process that relies on the cooperation between acidosis, VHL, and the nucleolus. Cellular sensing of increased environmental hydrogen ion (H+) concentration, triggered by Pasteur or Warburg hyperglycolytic effects, allows the nucleolar architecture, or more specifically the intergenic spacers (IGS) of rRNA genes (rDNA), to capture and confine VHL to nucleoli by converting the protein from a dynamic to a static state. This phenomenon is reverted following the re-instatement of neutral pH conditions. A protein surface region of VHL was identified as a discrete H+-responsive nucleolar detention signal. More importantly, nucleolar sequestration of VHL enables HIF to evade destruction in the presence of oxygen and activate its target genes. Strikingly, H+-dependent trapping of VHL to IGS restricts rDNA transcription limiting ribosomal biogenesis, the most energy-demanding cellular process. rDNA silencing harmonizes ATP demand with limited anaerobic supply to preserve energy equilibrium and viability under hypoxia. These findings reveal that H+ controls gene expression and cellular energy demand, and provide an explanation for the protective effect of acidosis in ischemic settings such as development, stroke, and cancer.
Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line from urinary cells of a healthy donor using an integration free vector
Creators: name: Rossbach, Bella
name: Hildebrand, Laura
name: El-Ahmad, Linda
name: Stachelscheid, Harald
name: Reinke, Petra
name: Kurtz, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: We have generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line derived from urinary cells of a 30 year old healthy female donor. The cells were reprogrammed using a non-integrating viral vector and have shown full differentiation potential. Together with the iPSC-line, the donor provided blood cells for the study of immunological effects of the iPSC line and its derivatives in autologous and allogeneic settings. The line is available and registered in the human pluripotent stem cell registry as BCRTi004-A.
The spin temperature of high-redshift damped Lyman systems
Creators: name: Kanekar, N.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Smette, A.
name: Ellison, S. L.
name: Ryan-Weber, Emma
name: Momjian, E.
name: Briggs, F. H.
name: Lane, W. M.
name: Chengalur, J. N.
name: Delafosse, T.
name: Grave, J.
name: Jacobsen, D.
name: de Bruyn, A. G.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We report results from a program aimed at investigating the temperature of neutral gas in high-redshift damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs). This involved (1) HI 21cm absorption studies of a large DLA sample, (2) VLBI studies to measure the low-frequency quasar core fractions, and (3) optical/ultraviolet spectroscopy to determine DLA metallicities and velocity widths. Including literature data, our sample consists of 37 DLAs with estimates of the spin temperature Ts and the covering factor. We find a strong 4-sigma difference between the Ts distributions in high-z (z>2.4) and low-z (z<2.4) DLA samples. The high-z sample contains more systems with high Ts values, greater than or equal to 1000 K. The Ts distributions in DLAs and the Galaxy are also clearly (~6-sigma) different, with more high-Ts sightlines in DLAs than in the Milky Way. The high Ts values in the high-z DLAs of our sample arise due to low fractions of the cold neutral medium. For 29 DLAs with metallicity [Z/H] estimates, we confirm the presence of an anti-correlation between Ts and [Z/H], at 3.5σ significance via a non-parametric Kendall-tau test. This result was obtained with the assumption that the DLA covering factor is equal to the core fraction. Monte Carlo simulations show that the significance of the result is only marginally decreased if the covering factor and the core fraction are uncorrelated, or if there is a random error in the inferred covering factor. We also find evidence for redshift evolution in DLA Ts values even for the z>1 sub-sample. Since z>1 DLAs have angular diameter distances comparable to or larger than those of the background quasars, they have similar efficiency in covering the quasars. Low covering factors in high-z DLAs thus cannot account for the observed redshift evolution in spin temperatures.
Accurate and efficient dose calculation and treatment planning for the dynamic collimation system for pencil beam scanning proton therapy
Creators: name: Bennett, Laura Christine
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Physics

description: Purpose: To design and validate an analytical dose calculator for use with the Dynamic Collimation System (DCS) for pencil beam scanning proton therapy, to perform patient specific quality assurance (PSQA) on DCS-collimated patient plans developed in a TPS using this algorithm, and to assess the robustness of those plans to range error when compared with standard uncollimated pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy.
description: Methods: The Pencil bEam TRimming Algorithm (PETRA) was derived by generalizing an existing pencil beam dose calculation model to account for DCS-specific effects on the final dose distribution. The model was validated against a measurement-validated Dynamic Collimation Monte Carlo (DCMC) model of the Miami Cancer Institute’s (MCI) IBA Proteus Plus system equipped with the DCS. DCS-collimated and standard uncollimated pencil beam scanning (PBS) treatment plans were developed in the Astroid Treatment Planning System (TPS) for three patient cases and delivered and measured at MCI using a MatriXX-PT ion chamber array. The plans were recalculated with ±3% adjustment to relative stopping power to simulate undershoot and overshoot errors and assess their sensitivity to range error.
description: Results: Integral depth dose (IDD) curves for energies 70-160 MeV among all simulated trimmer combinations with and without a range shifter agreed between PETRA and DCMC at the 1%/1mm 1-D gamma criteria for 99.9% of points. All DCS-collimated patient plans passed the 90% threshold pass rate for a 3%/3mm gamma criteria with a median pass rate of 98.3%. The median error in V_(95%) across all error scenarios for DCS-collimated plans was 98.8% compared with a median error of 99.2% for uncollimated PBS plans.
description: Conclusions: An analytical dose calculation algorithm has been developed, validated, and incorporated into an FDA-cleared TPS for use in developing DCS-collimated treatment plans. This work represents a significant step in moving the DCS from prototype to commercially available clinical device.
Keck telescope constraint on cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio
Creators: name: Malec, A. L.
name: Buning, R.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Milutinovic, N.
name: Ellison, S. L.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Kaper, L.
name: Tumlinson, J.
name: Carswell, R. F.
name: Ubachs, W.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Molecular transitions recently discovered at redshift zabs= 2.059 towards the bright background quasar J2123−0050 are analysed to limit cosmological variation in the proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ≡mp/me . Observed with the Keck telescope, the optical echelle spectrum has the highest resolving power and largest number (86) of H2 transitions in such analyses so far. Also, (seven) HD transitions are used for the first time to constrain μ-variation. These factors, and an analysis employing the fewest possible free parameters, strongly constrain μ's relative deviation from the current laboratory value: Δμ/μ= (+5.6 ± 5.5stat± 2.9sys) × 10−6 , indicating an insignificantly larger μ in the absorber. This is the first Keck result to complement recent null constraints from three systems at zabs > 2.5 observed with the Very Large Telescope. The main possible systematic errors stem from wavelength calibration uncertainties. In particular, distortions in the wavelength solution on echelle order scales are estimated to contribute approximately half the total systematic error component, but our estimate is model dependent and may therefore under or overestimate the real effect, if present. To assist future μ-variation analyses of this kind, and other astrophysical studies of H2 in general, we provide a compilation of the most precise laboratory wavelengths and calculated parameters important for absorption-line work with H2 transitions redwards of the hydrogen Lyman limit.
Evidence for the activation of pyroptotic and apoptotic pathways in RPE cells associated with NLRP3 inflammasome in the rodent eye
Creators: name: Gao, Jiangyuan
name: Cui, Jing Z.
name: To, Eleanor
name: Cao, Sijia
name: Matsubara, Joanne A.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating eye disease causing irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the primary cell type that is afflicted in AMD, undergoes programmed cell death in the late stages of the disease. However, the exact mechanisms for RPE degeneration in AMD are still unresolved. The prevailing theories consider that each cell death pathway works independently and without regulation of each other. Building upon our previous work in which we induced a short burst of inflammasome activity in vivo, we now investigate the effects of prolonged inflammasome activity on RPE cell death mechanisms in rats. Methods: Long-Evans rats received three intravitreal injections of amyloid beta (Aβ), once every 4 days, and were sacrificed at day 14. The vitreous samples were collected to assess the levels of secreted cytokines. The inflammasome activity was evaluated by both immunohistochemistry and western blot. The types of RPE cell death mechanisms were determined using specific cell death markers and morphological characterizations. Results: We found robust inflammasome activation evident by enhanced caspase-1 immunoreactivity, augmented NF-κB nuclear translocalization, increased IL-1β vitreal secretion, and IL-18 protein levels. Moreover, we observed elevated proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3 and gasdermin D, markers for apoptosis and pyroptosis, respectively, in RPE-choroid tissues. There was also a significant reduction in the anti-apoptotic factor, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, consistent with the overall changes of RPE cells. Morphological analysis showed phenotypic characteristics of pyroptosis including RPE cell swelling. Conclusions: Our data suggest that two cell death pathways, pyroptosis and apoptosis, were activated in RPE cells after exposure to prolonged inflammasome activation, induced by a drusen component, Aβ. The involvement of two distinct cell death pathways in RPE sheds light on the potential interplay between these pathways and provides insights on the future development of therapeutic strategies for AMD.
3451200.pdf
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Martin
name: Liu, Junqiu
name: Raja, Arslan
name: Morais, Tiago
name: Ghadiani, Bahareh
name: Kippenberg, Tobias
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Document containing supplementary information to the manuscript
Deep Sequencing of the Murine Olfactory Receptor Neuron Transcriptome
Creators: name: Kanageswaran, Ninthujah
name: Demond, Marilen
name: Nagel, Maximilian
name: Schreiner, P.
name: Baumgart, Sabrina
name: Scholz, Paul
name: Altmüller, Janine
name: Becker, Christian
name: Doerner, Julia F.
name: Conrad, Heike
name: Oberland, Sonja
name: Wetzel, Christian H.
name: Neuhaus, Eva M.
name: Hatt, Hanns
name: Gisselmann, Günter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: The ability of animals to sense and differentiate among thousands of odorants relies on a large set of olfactory receptors (OR) and a multitude of accessory proteins within the olfactory epithelium (OE). ORs and related signaling mechanisms have been the subject of intensive studies over the past years, but our knowledge regarding olfactory processing remains limited. The recent development of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques encouraged us to assess the transcriptome of the murine OE. We analyzed RNA from OEs of female and male adult mice and from fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-sorted olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) obtained from transgenic OMP-GFP mice. The Illumina RNA-Seq protocol was utilized to generate up to 86 million reads per transcriptome. In OE samples, nearly all OR and trace amine-associated receptor (TAAR) genes involved in the perception of volatile amines were detectably expressed. Other genes known to participate in olfactory signaling pathways were among the 200 genes with the highest expression levels in the OE. To identify OE-specific genes, we compared olfactory neuron expression profiles with RNA-Seq transcriptome data from different murine tissues. By analyzing different transcript classes, we detected the expression of non- olfactory GPCRs in ORNs and established an expression ranking for GPCRs detected in the OE. We also identified other previously undescribed membrane proteins as potential new players in olfaction. The quantitative and comprehensive transcriptome data provide a virtually complete catalogue of genes expressed in the OE and present a useful tool to uncover candidate genes involved in, for example, olfactory signaling, OR trafficking and recycling, and proliferation.
Relation entre les représentations que des formateurs d'enseignants se font de la pédagogie et de leurs usagés des TIC
Creators: name: Davidson, Ann-Louise
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Education, Teacher Training.
subject: Education, Technology of.

description: Cette recherche s'est penchée sur le problème de l'intégration pédagogique des TIC (technologies de l'information et des communications). De nombreuses études montrent qu'à l'échelle du pays, même si les ordinateurs sont présents dans les salles de classe et que les écoles sont branchées, les TIC ne s'intègrent que superficiellement dans la pédagogie. De plus, on remarque que les usagés des TIC en société ne sont pas nécessairement équivalents aux usagés des TIC dans le systeme éducatif. Cette recherche avait donc pour objectif d'identifier, de comprendre et d'expliquer la relation entre les représentations que les personnes enseignantes se font de la pédagogie et de leurs usagés des TIC. À partir d'une recension des écrits en matière d'orientation pédagogique et de typologies d'usagés des TIC, il a été possible de retenir deux modèles de ces objets de recherche. Le modèle choisi pour le classement des approches pédagogiques s'oriente sur deux axes soit, l'axe "centre enseignant I centre apprenant" et l'axe "orienté processus I orienté produit". Pour sa part, le modèle retenu pour catégoriser les usagés des TIC reconnait quatre types d'interactions: technique, social, informationnel et epistémologique. Le cadre théorique a été délimité par un réseau notionnel qui retrouve sa genèse dans la recension des écrits, et la thèse proposée a été enrichie par un raisonnement qui utilisait l'apport intègre d'une pluralité de thèses devant conduire à la réponse recherchée. Succinctement, ce cadre théorique posait comme hypothèse que s'il est possible de retrouver une relation entre les représentations que les personnes enseignantes se font de la pédagogie et de leurs usagés des TIC, il faut nécessairement que ce soit à travers leur processus de choix. Avec un tel objectif de recherche, le protocole méthodologique visait à faire émerger des représentations de la pédagogie et des usages des TIC. Un total de dix formateurs d'enseignants francophones dans une seule institution ont été recrutés pour une étude de cas simple, instrumentale et intrinsèque. La collecte de données a été menée à partir de deux instruments soit l'entretien semi-structure et l'analyse de construits. Les résultats de la collecte de données ont fait émerger deux relations entre la pédagogie et les TIC et ont permis d'actualiser le modèle de processus de choix tel que proposé par la littérature.
Neuroprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Hyperoxia-Induced Toxicity in the Neonatal Rat Brain
Creators: name: Sifringer, Marco
name: Haefen, Clarissa Von
name: Krain, Maria
name: Paeschke, Nadine
name: Bendix, Ivo
name: Bührer, Christoph
name: Spies, Claudia D.
name: Endesfelder, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective agonist of α2-receptors with sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, and anesthetic properties. Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine have been reported in various brain injury models. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on neurodegeneration, oxidative stress markers, and inflammation following the induction of hyperoxia in neonatal rats. Six-day-old Wistar rats received different concentrations of dexmedetomidine (1, 5, or 10 µg/kg bodyweight) and were exposed to 80% oxygen for 24 h. Sex-matched littermates kept in room air and injected with normal saline or dexmedetomidine served as controls. Dexmedetomidine pretreatment significantly reduced hyperoxia-induced neurodegeneration in different brain regions of the neonatal rat. In addition, dexmedetomidine restored the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio and attenuated the levels of malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, after exposure to high oxygen concentration. Moreover, administration of dexmedetomidine induced downregulation of IL-1β on mRNA and protein level in the developing rat brain. Dexmedetomidine provides protections against toxic oxygen induced neonatal brain injury which is likely associated with oxidative stress signaling and inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that dexmedetomidine may have a therapeutic potential since oxygen administration to neonates is sometimes inevitable.