Pholcus chilgapsanensis Lee & Lee 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lee, Jun-Gi
name: Lee, Jun-Ho
name: Choi, Doo-Young
name: Park, Sun-Jae
name: Kim, A-Young
name: Kim, Sam-Kyu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus chilgapsanensis

description: Pholcus chilgapsanensis Lee & Lee, sp. nov.
Figs. 1I–J, 2I–J, 11, 12, 15A–R, 16
Type material. Holotype: ♂, SOUTH KOREA: Chungcheongnam-do: Cheongyang-gun, Daechi-myeon, Janggoksa temple in Mt. Chilgapsan (36˚25’00”N, 126˚51’29”E), 12 Sep. 2012, DY Choi leg. (NIBR). Paratypes: 2♂ 5♀, same data as for holotype (KISE); 2♀, same data as for holotype (KNU); Chungcheongbuk-do: 4♂ 5♀, Eumseong-gun, Saenggeuk-myeon, Sureuisan Natural Recreation Forest (37˚02'28"N, 127˚39'15"E), 03 Nov. 2012, DY Choi leg. (KISE); 1♂ 1♀, ditto (KNU); 19♂ 17♀, Jincheon-gun, Chopyeong-myeon, near Chopyeong 1 tunnel (36˚48'07"N, 127˚31'41"E), 20 May 2016, DY Choi leg. (KISE); 1♂ 1♀, ditto (KNU).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the holotype locality, Mt. Chilgapsan.
Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other congeners by the combination of following characteristics: Male—procursus tip with serrated, distally pointed dorsal process and distally hooked membranous prolateral process; uncus lingulate, inner margin slightly convex. Female—epigynal anterior plate strongly protruded, with round posterior margin; epigynal posterior plate reduced and obscured by epigynal anterior cuticle; epigynal knob well-developed; anterior arch of internal genitalia with anterolateral extension laterally.
Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1I. Total length 5.4. Prosoma 1.6 long, 1.5 wide. Diameter of AME 130 µm, ALE 170 µm, PME 150 µm, PLE 160 µm. AME–AME 80 µm, PME–PME 210 µm, PME–ALE 40 µm. Chelicera (Fig. 2I–J) with thumb-like proximo-lateral apophysis, conical frontal apophysis and triangular distal apophysis curved dorsally, longer than proximo-lateral apophysis; Opisthosoma 3.6 long, 1.5 wide. Leg Ⅰ 47.3 (11.9 + 0.7 + 12.0 + 20.6 + 2.1), leg II 31.6 (8.8 + 0.6 + 8.0 + 12.8 + 1.4), leg III 20.7 (6.1 + 0.5 + 5.1 + 7.9 + 1.1), leg IV 27.3 (7.9 + 0.6 + 7.0 + 10.9 + 0.9). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (16.1: 1.0: 16.2: 27.8: 2.9), leg II (13.7: 1.0: 12.5: 20.1: 2.3), leg III (11.5: 1.0: 9.6: 14.8: 2.0), leg IV (13.6: 1.0: 12.0: 18.7: 1.6). Leg formula 1243. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 75. Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia Ⅰ at 6% proximally. Tarsus Ⅰ with 27 pseudosegments. For the other somatic features see description of the species-group above. Palp (Fig. 11). Trochanter apophysis (Fig. 11A–B) longer than femur, slender, distinctly elongated and slightly curved retrolaterally, with tubercle proximo-retrolaterally; femur ventrally swollen; tibia with prolatero-ventral tubercle; procursus (Fig. 11B) brown, slightly sinuated dorsally, with moderate ventral knee; dorso-subdistal portion of procursus slightly swollen, with one short hair and two spines (Fig. 11C); procursus tip (Fig. 11C–E) with two ridges retrolaterally, pointed projection prolatero-distally (arrowed 3 in Fig. 11D), serrated, distally pointed dorsal process directed prolaterally (arrowed 1 in Fig. 11D), distally hooked membranous prolateral process (arrowed 2 in Fig. 11D), and round ventral process (arrowed in Fig. 11E); genital bulb round, pale yellow; uncus (Fig. 11F) dark brown, lingulate, outer proximal margin extended roundly without scales, outer distal margin curved and inner distal margin slightly convex, with many tiny scales; pseudoappendix (Fig. 11G) tiny and round; embolus (Fig. 11G) pale yellow, slender and distally fringed, weakly sclerotized, about 1.5 times as long as uncus.
Female (one of paratypes from the same locality as holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1J. Total length 5.2. Prosoma 1.5 long, 1.5 wide. Diameter of AME 120 µm, ALE 190 µm, PME 160 µm, PLE 170 µm. AME–AME 50 µm, PME– PME 170 µm, PME–ALE 60 µm. Opisthosoma 3.4 long, 1.7 wide. Leg Ⅰ 36.0 (9.3 + 0.6 + 9.3 + 14.6 + 2.2), leg II 24.5 (6.9 + 0.7 + 6.3 + 9.2 + 1.4), leg III 17.7 (5.1 + 0.6 + 4.5 + 6.4 + 1.1), leg IV 24.7 (7.2 + 0.7 + 6.3 + 9.2 + 1.3). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (15.2: 1.0: 15.2: 23.9: 3.5), leg II (9.6: 1.0: 8.7: 12.7: 2.0), leg III (8.3: 1.0: 7.3: 10.6: 1.8), leg IV (10.6: 1.0: 9.3: 13.6: 2.0). Leg formula 1423. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 62. For the other somatic features see description of the species-group above. Epigyne (Fig. 12A–C). Anterior plate strongly protruded, half as high as epigyne length, with round posterior margin; anterior cuticle sclerotized; posterior plate reduced and obscured by anterior plate; epigynal knob thick and distally round. Internal genitalia (Fig. 12D). Anterior arch with median portion slightly curved anteriorly, anterolateral portion extended laterally; genital valve inverted U-shaped; posterolateral portion strongly concave; pore plates ovoid, close together anteriorly but wide apart posteriorly.
Variation. Males.Prosoma length:1.3–1.9(mean 1.7),tibiaⅠ:10.3–14.9(mean 12.4)(n=10).An intrapopulational variation was observed on the number of serrations on the dorsal process of the procursus tip (Fig. 15A, D, G, J, M, P), ranging from prominent to without discernible serrations, as in specimens from Chopyeong 1 tunnel, Jincheon (Fig. 15M, P). The length of the dorso-subdistal spines of procursus is also variable.
Females. Prosoma length: 1.3–1.7 (mean 1.5), tibia Ⅰ: 7.7–9.4 (mean 8.4) (n=10). An intrapopulational variation was observed on the shapes of the pore plates of internal genitalia, ranging from ovoid to narrowly oblong (Fig. 15C, F, I, L, O, R); specimens from holotype locality (Mt. Chilgapsan, Cheongyang) have ovoid pore plates (Fig. 15C, F), but specimens from other localities (Mt. Sureuisan, Eumseong and near Chopyeong 1 tunnel, Jincheon) have narrowly oblong or oblong pore plates (Fig. 15I, L, O, R). The epigynal shapes were slightly variable but largely consistent (Fig. 15B, E, H, K, N, Q).
Habitat information. This species was found on rock walls and road drains in mountainous regions.
Distribution. Korea (Cheongyang, Eumseong, Jincheon) (Fig. 16)
description: Published as part of Lee, Jun-Gi, Lee, Jun-Ho, Choi, Doo-Young, Park, Sun-Jae, Kim, A-Young & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2021, Five new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea, pp. 61-77 in Zootaxa 5052 (1) on pages 72-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5565987