cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ram Pressure Stripping in Clusters and Groups
Creators: name: Hester, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ram pressure stripping is an important process in the evolution of both dwarf galaxies and large spirals. Large spirals are severely stripped in rich clusters and may be mildly stripped in groups. Dwarf galaxies can be severely stripped in both clusters and groups. A model is developed that describes the stripping of a satellite galaxy's outer H \textsc{i} disk and hot galactic halo. The model can be applied to a wide range of environments and satellite galaxy masses. Whether ram pressure stripping of the outer disk or hot galactic halo occurs is found to depend primarily on the ratio of the satellite galaxy mass to the mass of the host group or cluster. How the effectiveness of ram pressure stripping depends on the density of the inter-group gas, the dark matter halo concentrations, and the scale lengths and masses of the satellite components is explored. The predictions of the model are shown to be well matched to H \textsc{i} observations of spirals in a sample of nearby clusters. The model is used to predict the range of H \textsc{i} gas fractions a satellite of mass $M_{v,sat}$ can lose orbiting in a cluster of mass $M_{v,gr}$.
description: 13 Pages, 3 figures
Finite-volume effects in long-distance processes with massless leptonic propagators
Creators: name: Christ, Norman H.
name: Feng, Xu
name: Jin, Lu-Chang
name: Sachrajda, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Ref. [1], a method was proposed to calculate QED corrections to hadronic self energies from lattice QCD without power-law finite-volume errors. In this paper, we extend the method to processes which occur at second-order in the weak interaction and in which there is a massless (or almost massless) leptonic propagator. We demonstrate that, in spite of the presence of the propagator of an almost massless electron, such an infinite-volume reconstruction procedure can be used to obtain the amplitude for the rare kaon decay $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$ from a lattice quantum chromodynamics computation with only exponentially small finite-volume corrections.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
title: Two typical carcinoid tumours in a patient with diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH)
Creators: name: Repolês Lourenço, Mateus
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Oncology
subject: Thorax
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 59-year-old woman presented with a history of dry cough for 20 years, worsening after eating. She denied fever, weight loss or other complaints. 

Among her relevant antecedents, she reported being a former smoker with 35 pack-years of exposure, having ceased for 9 years. 

Physical examination showed no abnormalities.

description: 59 years, female
QA2Explanation: Generating and Evaluating Explanations for Question Answering Systems over Knowledge Graph
Creators: name: Shekarpour, Saeedeh
name: Nadgeri, Abhishek
name: Singh, Kuldeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the era of Big Knowledge Graphs, Question Answering (QA) systems have reached a milestone in their performance and feasibility. However, their applicability, particularly in specific domains such as the biomedical domain, has not gained wide acceptance due to their "black box" nature, which hinders transparency, fairness, and accountability of QA systems. Therefore, users are unable to understand how and why particular questions have been answered, whereas some others fail. To address this challenge, in this paper, we develop an automatic approach for generating explanations during various stages of a pipeline-based QA system. Our approach is a supervised and automatic approach which considers three classes (i.e., success, no answer, and wrong answer) for annotating the output of involved QA components. Upon our prediction, a template explanation is chosen and integrated into the output of the corresponding component. To measure the effectiveness of the approach, we conducted a user survey as to how non-expert users perceive our generated explanations. The results of our study show a significant increase in the four dimensions of the human factor from the Human-computer interaction community.
description: Accepted in IntEx-SemPar: Interactive and Executable Semantic Parsing EMNLP 2020 Workshop
Brazilian Music in the New York Times: Sites for the Production of Representations of U.S. Dominance and the Consumption of Brazilian Popular Culture
Creators: name: Botelho, Paula
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: American Studies (0323)
Music (0413)
Language, General (0679)
Brazilian music
The New York Times
U.S. cultural dominance
American identity
Brazilian identity
representations

description: This qualitative study explores the meanings and uses of representations of Brazil and Brazilian-ness, relying on cultural analysis of music reviews and news in The New York Times and other U.S. newspapers published between 2001 and 2006, a time frame that reflects the reordering of the role of the U.S. after 9/11, when it reinforced its position as the dominant global power in the early Twenty-First Century. The study analyzes how representations resonate within other print media outlets, which illustrates how cultural dominance is disseminated in a reinforcing cycle of production. It examines the multiple meanings related to a hegemonic ""American imagination"" of Brazil that extends beyond the music domain, and how this relates to the larger theme of American consumption. The New York Times is understood in this study as a powerful discursive site for the production of U.S. cultural dominance and of representations of other cultures. The political-cultural position of the newspaper and reviewers is particularly important in this dynamic. It contributes to assigning different levels of recognition to Brazilian and American artists. The representations in reviews and news function as subtexts to criticize Brazilian culture, delegitimizing certain Brazilian cultural products and actors, or legitimizing products that are close to Euro-American forms of culture, founded in categories of race, gender, social class, and social behavior. Representations also serve to label the modernity and cosmopolitanism of the U.S., and to imply the traditionalism of Brazil, except when Brazilian cultural forms resemble American-European models. The New York Times revitalizes the interest in Brazil and Brazilian popular culture established through the ""Good Neighbor Policy."" However, this interest is ambivalent, wherein Euro-American patterns are the dominant point of reference, and the proximity of Brazilian cultural forms to African or to European culture constructs those products as having inferior or superior cultural value. Depending on the location in the hierarchy, Brazilian cultural products and artists either gain recognition or are constructed as culturally excessive and exotic, though still somehow attractive. Beneath this ambivalence resides a Protestant, White, Anglo-Saxon ethic, based on an exclusionary logic, contraposed to a logic of inclusion and complementarity.
Auszug aud dem Kommuniqué der 17. Begegnung im Bilateralen theologischen Dialog zwischen dem Ökumenischen Patriarchat und der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland, ioannina, Griechenland, 8.-11. Oktober 2018
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 68 Nr. 2 (2019): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 68, Heft 2
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF UNDERCOVER OPERATIONS: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF A SAMPLE OF "PERKINS" CASES
Creators: name: Mendoza, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: undercover operations
Perkins operations
interrogation
confession
descriptive

description: Prompted by California Supreme Court Justice Goodwin Liu’ dissenting opinion in People v Manuel de Jesus Valencia (2019), this study will descriptively analyze ten cases involving Perkins Operations (POs). In these undercover operations, incentivized informants or law enforcement agents acting as ‘cellmates’ strategically interact with detained suspects to elicit confessions. Justice Liu argued that these operations involve deceptive schemes to surreptitiously interrogate suspects and extract confessions, even after suspects have invoked their Miranda rights. His argument suggest that these operations are extensions of official interrogations, which can be coercive and possibly violate the spirit of the Miranda rule. Are POs’ tactics coercive just like interrogations tactics can be? Research on the psychology of interrogations and confessions may be informative and provide insight into the effects of PO tactics on suspects, as well as the mechanisms underlying the decision to confess to pseudo cellmates. We aimed to shed light to the following research questions: (1) Are POs similar to accusatorial or non-accusatorial interrogation methods? (2) What is the extent of similarities to each of these approaches? and (3) What information is gained from the tactics used? The content analyses showed that POs have similarities to accusatorial interrogations (e.g., presenting false evidence tactics) and the approach was important in getting suspects to talk. The analyses also showed components similar to non-accusatorial methods as well (e.g., rapport tactics). Overall, the POs led to the elicitation of incriminating statements in the majority of the cases. The implications of findings will be discussed.
Building an ID Card Repository with Progressive Web Application to Mitigate Fraud
Creators: name: Adhiguna, Kevin Akbar
name: Rusli, Firhan Maulana
name: Irawan, Hendy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.11

description: A lot of service requires identity of users to mitigate undesirable incidents such as fraud. To cut down probability of potential fraud, ID Card of users are collected to be verified so people can verify users whenever an undesirable activity happens. However, to verify identity through an ID card, a repository for the ID Card is required. To verify ID cards, the ID Card repository will be connected to an automated ID Card Verification API. The ID Card repository is meant to be used both on mobile phones and desktop computers, so the concept of progressive web application is used. To be able to upload images smoothly and build progressive web application, the ID Card repository is built using ReactJS and Ant Design. Server side is powered by Strapi and MongoDB. GraphQL API is utilized to connect client side and server side. It involves queries to fetch data. To fetch data on the client side, Apollo client is used to in ReactJS. Git is utilized for version control system which gives contribution to Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery. In this paper, we will discuss why Strapi is best suited on server side and how Ant Design, a library to style components in a web page, can provide required components in this web application.
description: 5 pages
Curved Superspaces and Local Supersymmetry in Supermatrix Model
Creators: name: Hanada, Masanori
name: Kawai, Hikaru
name: Kimura, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, we introduced a new interpretation of matrix models, in which any d-dimensional curved space can be realized in terms of d matrices, and the diffeomorphism and the local Lorentz symmetries are included in the ordinary unitary symmetry of the matrix model. Furthermore, we showed that the Einstein equation is naturally obtained, if we employ the standard form of the action, S=-tr([A_a,A_b][A^a,A^b])+.... In this paper, we extend this formalism to include supergravity. We show that the supercovariant derivatives on any d-dimensional curved space can be expressed in terms of d supermatrices, and the local supersymmetry can be regarded as a part of the superunitary symmetry. We further show that the Einstein and Rarita-Schwinger equations are compatible with the supermatrix generalization of the standard action.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, PTPTeX. Eqs. (2.18), (2.19) and related comments modified
Phase transitions of light in a dye-filled microcavity: observations and simulations
Creators: name: Nyman, R. A.
name: Dhar, H. S.
name: Rodrigues, J. D.
name: Mintert, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon thermalisation and condensation in dye-filled microcavities is a growing area of scientific interest, at the intersection of photonics, quantum optics and statistical physics. We give here a short introduction to the topic, together with an explanation of some of our more important recent results. A key result across several projects is that we have a model based on a detailed physical description which has been used to accurately describe experimental observations. We present a new open-source package in Python called PyPBEC which implements this model. The aim is to enable the reader to readily simulate and explore the physics of photon condensates themselves, so this article also includes a working example code which can be downloaded from the GitHub repository.
description: This manuscript accompanies the software repository https://github.com/photonbec/PyPBEC and has been submitted to the conference proceedings of Photon 2020
Strengthening prescribing teaching within the undergraduate primary care curriculum: Exploring the literature, curricular mapping and student perspectives
Creators: name: Lalloo, Felicity
name: Powell, Sian
name: Anbreen Bi
name: Alipio, Kim
name: Baker, Yasmin
name: John, Christopher
name: Parekh, Ravi
name: Fung, Chee Yeen
name: Owen, David
name: Maini, Arti
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: These slides present our work around strengthening prescribing teaching within the undergraduate primary care curriculum at Imperial College, London.  

 

An interprofessional team of faculty members and students worked in partnership to conduct a literature review, map the curriculum and co-design a survey to explore student perspectives of prescribing-related teaching. We discuss this methodology as well as the analysis of these outputs and subsequent curricular innovations. 

 

This project and approach would be relevant to medical educators looking to evaluate their own curricula and develop new innovations.
Direct growth of germanene at interfaces between van der Waals materials and Ag(111)
Creators: name: Suzuki, Seiya
name: Iwasaki, Takuya
name: De Silva, K. Kanishka H.
name: Suehara, Shigeru
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Moriyama, Satoshi
name: Yoshimura, Masamichi
name: Aizawa, Takashi
name: Nakayama, Tomonobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Germanene, a two-dimensional honeycomb germanium crystal, is grown at graphene/Ag(111) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)/Ag(111) interfaces by segregating germanium atoms. A simple annealing process in N2 or H2/Ar at ambient pressure leads to the formation of germanene, indicating that an ultrahigh-vacuum condition is not necessary. The grown germanene is stable in air and uniform over the entire area covered with a van der Waals (vdW) material. As an important finding, it is necessary to use a vdW material as a cap layer for the present germanene growth method since the use of an Al2O3 cap layer resulted in no germanene formation. The present study also proved that Raman spectroscopy in air is a powerful tool for characterizing germanene at the interfaces, which is concluded by multiple analyses including first-principles density functional theory calculations. The direct growth of h-BN-capped germanene on Ag(111), which is demonstrated in the present study, is considered to be a promising technique for the fabrication of future germanene-based electronic devices.
description: 34 Pages, 11 Figures
Assessing the development of learners' intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communicative competence: The Intercultural Spanish Course
Creators: name: Arevalo, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: Assessing intercultural competence
Intercultural communicative competence
Intercultural sensitivity
Intercultural Spanish course

description: Our multicultural world increasingly demands that we learn foreign languages  to be able to interact effectively and appropriately with members of other cultures.  This is of particular importance in fields such as government, education, and  commerce. Effective intercultural interaction entails developed intercultural  sensitivity, knowledge of cultural aspects as well as the ability to communicate in the  language. This is known as Intercultural Communicative Competence ( ICC). The  study of effective intercultural communication should be taught alongside the  linguistic aspect of language. Yet, the teaching of culture in foreign language classes  is often superficial. There is no consensus with regard to how develop and assess  intercultural sensitivity and ICC and in the foreign language classroom.  This study hypothesizes that an intercultural approach to teaching foreign  languages facilitates the development of the learners’ intercultural communicative  skills and linguistic proficiency while raising cultural awareness, developing  contextualized cultural knowledge, and fostering intercultural attitudes of respect and  understanding for one’s own culture and the cultures of others. The study analyzes  and assesses the development of intercultural sensitivity and ICC in a university  advanced conversation and composition Spanish course called here the Intercultural  Spanish Course. The curriculum for this course was designed specifically for this  study and integrates linguistic and intercultural communication skills and knowledge.  A mixed methods design was used:  A) Quantitative instruments:  1. Hammer & Bennett’s ( 2001) Intercultural Development Inventory ( IDI)  B) Qualitative instruments:  1. Pre/ post learners’ questionnaires  2. Pre/ post learners’ journals  Bennett‘ s ( 1993) Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity ( DMIS)  was used to analyze the IDI pre/ post results. For the qualitative data analysis themes  were categorized following Byram’s ( 1997) Model of Intercultural Communicative  Competence ( MICC).  The results of the study show that 50% of the learners developed their  intercultural sensitivity toward an ethnorelative orientation whereas 50% moved  toward an ethnocentric orientation. Learners developed their ICC as they ( 1) gained  deeper cultural knowledge of Spanish- speaking countries; ( 2) developed critical  thinking skills and skills to interpret cultural differences in a more ethnorelative  perspective; ( 3) showed intercultural attitudes of understanding other perspectives,  interest in engaging in conversation with Spanish speakers and willingness to  question their worldviews; ( 4) raised self- cultural- awareness; and ( 5) improved their  language proficiency.
title: Splenosis mimicking prostate cancer recurrence
Creators: name: Mikail, Nima
name: Keshavamurthy, Jayanth
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Retroperitoneum
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 62-year-old male patient with a history of radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate adenocarcinoma 15 years prior was referred for radiologic evaluation of a palpable left-upper abdominal mass. Past medical history was significant for splenic rupture and splenectomy following a motor vehicle accident 46 years earlier.

description: 67 years, male
Synchronization and Stability in Noisy Population Dynamics
Creators: name: Araujo, Sabrina B. L.
name: de Aguiar, M. A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability and synchronization of predator-prey populations subjected to noise. The system is described by patches of local populations coupled by migration and predation over a neighborhood. When a single patch is considered, random perturbations tend to destabilize the populations, leading to extinction. If the number of patches is small, stabilization in the presence of noise is maintained at the expense of synchronization. As the number of patches increases, both the stability and the synchrony among patches increase. However, a residual asynchrony, large compared with the noise amplitude, seems to persist even in the limit of infinite number of patches. Therefore, the mechanism of stabilization by asynchrony recently proposed by R. Abta et. al., combining noise, diffusion and nonlinearities, seems to be more general than first proposed.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Space-time wave packets violate the universal relationship between angular dispersion and pulse-front tilt
Creators: name: Hall, Layton A.
name: Yessenov, Murat
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Introducing angular dispersion into a pulsed field tilts the pulse front with respect to the phase front. There exists between the angular dispersion and the pulse-front tilt a universal relationship that is device-independent, and also independent of the pulse shape and bandwidth. We show here that this relationship is violated by propagation-invariant space-time (ST) wave packets, which are pulsed beams endowed with precise spatio-temporal structure corresponding to a particular form of angular dispersion. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that underlying ST wave packets is -- to the best of our knowledge -- the first example in optics of non-differentiable angular dispersion, resulting in pulse-front tilt that depends on the pulse bandwidth even at fixed angular dispersion.
title: The malignant course of the left main coronary artery
Creators: name: Muršić, Miroslav
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital
subject: Anatomy and Functional Imaging

description: Clinical History: A 48-year-old patient with hyperlipidaemia and a long term history of stable angina pectoris was admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of acute chest pain and dyspnoea. Initial ECG showed sinus bradycardia with no signs of ischaemia and the patient was admitted for further tests. Cardiac catheterisation and a cardiac CT were performed which revealed a rare coronary anomaly.

description: 48 years, male
Absence of Fragmentation in Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Fernández, Juan Pablo
name: Mullin, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that the BEC-like phenomena recently detected on two-dimensional finite trapped systems consist of fragmented condensates. We derive and diagonalize the one-body density matrix of a two-dimensional isotropically trapped Bose gas at finite temperature. For the ideal gas, the procedure reproduces the exact harmonic-oscillator eigenfunctions and the Bose distribution. We use a new collocation-minimization method to study the interacting gas in the Hartree-Fock approximation and obtain a ground-state wavefunction and condensate fraction consistent with those obtained by other methods. The populations of the next few eigenstates increase at the expense of the ground state but continue to be negligible; this supports the conclusion that two-dimensional BEC is into a single state.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Advances in spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT) towards accurate imaging in the mHz to kHz frequency range
Creators: name: Wang, Haoran
name: Huisman, Johan Alexander
name: Zimmermann, Egon
name: Vereecken, Harry
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: The 7th International Conference on Engineering Geophysics, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates, 16 Oct 2023 - 20 Oct 2023
A face-to-face OSCE in fourth year medical students: A formative assessment
Creators: name: Aguilera, Carlos Alberto Soto
name: Mejía, Juan Andrés Trejo
name: Montalvo, Armando Ortiz
name: Cerritos, Antonio
name: Hernández, Amilcar Alpuche
name: Díaz, Mauricio Pilar
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background. Fourth year medical students of Faculty of Medicine at the UNAM take a formative assessment called Academic Advance Assessment (AAA) III. This assessment is composed by two phases: a writing exam composed by 132 multiple-choice questions and an OSCE composed by four clinical stations. The purpose was to assess the psychometric quality of the 2023 face-to-face OSCE examination.



Summary of work. This OSCE is composed by four stations with clinical cases mainly of Pediatrics, GyO, Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine, because during this fourth year, medical students do clerkships mainly in these areas in the clinical teaching scenarios. For the assessment of applicants, we used rubrics with four performing levels based on our competency-based medical curricula. These rubrics are designed based on skills defined by six competencies (C): C1. Critical thinking; C3. Effective communication; C4. Integration of biomedical, clinical and sociomedical sciences; C5. Clinical skills; C6. Professionalism, ethical aspects, and legal responsibilities; C7. Promotion of health and Prevention of Disease. We analyzed the applied procedure based on the design, implementation, and grade; also, we used the psychometric analysis to provide the validity evidence related to the internal structure of the test.



Summary of results. This OSCE was composed by four stations of 12 minutes each. We assessed approximately 1,624 students in four different days. For this examination we used more than 124 standardized patients and 124 assessors.  We evaluated the 91 items that comprise the six assessed competencies with a p <0.001 discrimination between the highest and lowest scores. We obtained a Chronbach Alpha of 0.952. Test structure four factors, 69 % explained variance.



Discussion. This OSCE showed psychometric quality evidence based on the content validity, internal structure of the test, and the response process, these characteristics gave solid basis of this test.  



Conclusion. This research shows that a formative OSCE of four stations has psychometric quality evidence and can be applied to a large population of students.  



Take-home messages. Educational institutions may use formative OSCEs to assess the competencies and skills of the fourth medical students and give feedback to ensure a better performance of their competencies.
Using Semantics And Metadata For Intelligent Querying In A Multi-database System
Creators: name: Shah, Sejal Ashwin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Database Integration
metadata
semantics

description: Interoperability among heterogeneous databases has been a long standing challenge in the database community. The primary objective of this research is to provide an intelligent querying framework for database integration to support interoperability and information sharing between different databases having different representations. This thesis uses semantics and metadata to build an integrated system which is loosely coupled, modular and scalable and to allow a system to grow with minimal or no changes as the user base expands. A prototype system implements algorithms for the automation of the entire query life cycle - query decomposition, semantic conflict resolution, local query generation and execution, generation and execution of post-processing query and fetching the final results. One of the key issues while querying in a heterogeneous system is dealing with differences in data representation among different systems. This thesis uses semantics and rule-based solutions to resolve common conflicts such as data type conflict, labeling conflict, structure conflict, value representation conflict, scaling & unit conflict and cardinality conflict among the underlying systems. The empirical evaluations demonstrate that semantically rich metadata helps to significantly improve the precision and recall of user queries.
Gegelati: Lightweight Artificial Intelligence through Generic and Evolvable Tangled Program Graphs
Creators: name: Desnos, Karol
name: Sourbier, Nicolas
name: Raumer, Pierre-Yves
name: Gesny, Olivier
name: Pelcat, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tangled Program Graph (TPG) is a reinforcement learning technique based on genetic programming concepts. On state-of-the-art learning environments, TPGs have been shown to offer comparable competence with Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), for a fraction of their computational and storage cost. This lightness of TPGs, both for training and inference, makes them an interesting model to implement Artificial Intelligences (AIs) on embedded systems with limited computational and storage resources. In this paper, we introduce the Gegelati library for TPGs. Besides introducing the general concepts and features of the library, two main contributions are detailed in the paper: 1/ The parallelization of the deterministic training process of TPGs, for supporting heterogeneous Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chips (MPSoCs). 2/ The support for customizable instruction sets and data types within the genetically evolved programs of the TPG model. The scalability of the parallel training process is demonstrated through experiments on architectures ranging from a high-end 24-core processor to a low-power heterogeneous MPSoC. The impact of customizable instructions on the outcome of a training process is demonstrated on a state-of-the-art reinforcement learning environment. CCS Concepts: $\bullet$ Computer systems organization $\rightarrow$ Embedded systems; $\bullet$ Computing methodologies $\rightarrow$ Machine learning.
Doing School: A new unit of analysis for schools serving marginalized students
Creators: name: Atkinson, Helen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: critical ethnography
high school
marginalized students
school reform
sociocultural learning theory
time-space expansion

description: This study asserts a new unit of analysis for school reform that goes beyond the mental representations of individuals, beyond the isolated lesson, and beyond the confines of a school building.  I argue that the special case of expanding time and space as a method of engagement for marginalized students requires that the unit of analysis change to encompass the entire activity of collectively doing school.  This critical ethnographic study of my own classroom follows twelve students over a period of four years in a small urban high school, with no schedule, no principal, and no imperative to remain in the building.  The ultimate purposes of my praxis were: (a) to situate the activity of doing school within the continuum of identity struggles facing marginalized high school students in a particular urban setting, (b) to establish the school-wide structural elements necessary to support this situated and localized expression of time-space expansion, and (c) to exploit the opportunities opened up by these spatial and temporal alterations to school structure, and by the students' raw but generative critiques, to build a meaningful co-constructed curriculum. Despite the logical and strategic neatness of treating all students as belonging somewhere along what (Willis, 1981) calls the shallowing continuum of shrinking capacity (p. 1), I found instead that there is the possibility for a self-selected group of students within a temporary, collectively-held, conception of community to deepen their sense of self and to lay the foundation for a critical reading of their lives.  Students were given a meticulous invitation to join or rejoin the world of academics.  The terms of this invitation were jointly and individually negotiated over time as part of the co-constructed curriculum.  The students and I formed a community of practice based, initially, on our ability to move as a unit through shared hardships, across our own cultural divides, through challenging experiences outside the school, and in response to outside forces of surveillance.   Ultimately, one outcome for this racially diverse community of students was a conceptual reconnection of black and white histories in the city they share.
Method for simulating O(N) lattice models at finite density
Creators: name: Endres, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for simulating relativistic and nonrelativistic scalar field theories at finite density, with matter transforming in the fundamental representation of the global symmetry group O(N). The method avoids the problem of complex probability weights which is present in conventional path integral Monte Carlo algorithms. To verify our approach, we simulate the free and interacting relativistic U(1)=O(2) theory in 2+1 dimensions. We compute the two-point correlation function and charge density as a function of chemical potential in the free theory. At weak phi^4 coupling and zero temperature we map the m^2-mu phase diagram and compare our numerical results with perturbative calculations. Finally, we compute properties of theT-mu phase diagram in the vicinity of the phase transition and at bare self-couplings large compared to the temperature and chemical potential.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures
DNA denaturation bubbles at criticality
Creators: name: Theodorakopoulos, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The equilibrium statistical properties of DNA denaturation bubbles are examined in detail within the framework of the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model. Bubble formation in homogeneous DNA is found to depend crucially on the presence of nonlinear base-stacking interactions. Small bubbles extending over less than 10 base pairs are associated with much larger free energies of formation per site than larger bubbles. As the critical temperature is approached, the free energy associated with further bubble growth becomes vanishingly small. An analysis of average displacement profiles of bubbles of varying sizes at different temperatures reveals almost identical scaled shapes in the absence of nonlinear stacking; nonlinear stacking leads to distinct scaled shapes of large and small bubbles.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
title: A mycotic aneurysm of the aortic arch
Creators: name: Amado Costa, Ana Luisa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 60-year-old diabetic male patient with chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis was hospitalised for sepsis due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. He presented back pain and fever. Piperacillin/tazobactam and vancomycin were initiated and a chest-abdomen-pelvis computed tomography (CT) was requested to detect infectious foci.

description: 60 years, male
Using Context to Improve Search Precision
Creators: name: Johnson, Shawn P.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: Context
Information Retrieval
Precision
Search Precision

description: Search techniques are methods used for retrieving information that a user is looking for. It is vital that these techniques are efficient and help users locate the information that they need. Current search techniques do not return results that are precise and contextually appropriate for the user's environment. This thesis describes a search technique that utilizes appropriate contexts in answering user queries. Context information is used to filter out intermediate query results that are not relevant to the user, while preserving results that are accurate, thus improving the precision of the search results. A prototype system demonstrating this technique has been implemented using the Oracle Expression Filter to assist with context inference. A number of experiments were conducted to validate this search technique by measuring the precision increase of query results.
title: Acute presentation of a hidden cardiac amyloidosis and microvascular occlusion revealed by CMR
Creators: name: Khalil, Sameh
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 21-year-old male patient with acute chest pain, ECG revealed sinus tachycardia, cardiac enzymes were mildly elevated.

Echocardiography revealed minimal pericardial effusion. CT revealed patent

coronaries, no vasculitis or abnormal coronary position. There was upper lung

mild ground glassing reported as pneumonia. Patient was diagnosed as acute

myocarditis and referred for MRI.

description: 21 years, male
The IMG Programme: Creating a supportive and inclusive environment
Creators: name: Iliadou, Kassiani
name: Kaware, Abdalla
name: Alcala, Silvana
name: Latheef, Afzal
name: Elwina  Timehin
name: Indranil  Chakravorty
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Introduction 

More than 30% of  the doctors in the UK medical workforce are International Medical Graduates (IMGs). Similarly, a considerable percentage of doctors a Europe, USA and Australia are foreign-trained doctors. IMGs face well-described challenges, such as communication difficulties, discrimination, low-self-esteem. These may have impact on performance, patient care, educational opportunities and wellbeing.



Summary of Work

The IMG Programme with its branches aims for a supportive and inclusive work environment. The IMG Induction includes the Enhanced Induction Day, eight weekly modules on complex clinical and non-clinical aspects of work and two workshops (GMC Welcome to UK practice, Communication Skills). The Mentorship Programme offers strategic pairing of doctors and guidance on mentoring for social support and career development. The IMG Forum is a mean to contact IMGs, seek advice, and inform about events. The Welcome Kit is a handbook with information about life and work as a doctor in the UK. We carried out a survey using an online questionnaire to assess its effectiveness.



Summary of Results

40 IMG doctors working at our Trust responded and 80% of them found the IMG Programme very or extremely useful. Regarding its impact on adaptation or career development, they reported that it made the transitional phase seem easier, enabled them to better understand the healthcare and hospital system, provided teaching  and guidance on clinical or non-clinical roles, and  improved communication skills with patients. Some experienced IMGs had opportunities for teaching or leadership roles when actively involved in the programme. In terms of its social aspects, they said it made them feel welcomed, supported, or less isolated. Growth of social network was another positive outcome.  The main limitations were that some topics were more relevant to medical specialties or junior levels. The need for more frequent sessions with protected hours to attend was expressed.



Discussion and Conclusion

The IMG Programme demonstrates a holistic  approach in supporting IMGs with education in the complexities of the healthcare system, smoother transition, social network, guidance on career progression and makes the inclusive workplace a reality.



Take Home Message

Local employers could benefit from programmes for IMG doctors ensuring patient safety, helping doctors reach their full potential in a supportive  work environment.
Guidelines for the Development of Immersive Virtual Reality Software for Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychology: The Development of Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL)
Creators: name: Kourtesis, Panagiotis
name: Korre, Danai
name: Collina, Simona
name: Doumas, Leonidas A. A.
name: MacPherson, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.8; C.4; D.0; J.4

description: Virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) appear to be effective research tools, which may address the problem of ecological validity in neuropsychological testing. However, their widespread implementation is hindered by VR induced symptoms and effects (VRISE) and the lack of skills in VR software development. This study offers guidelines for the development of VR software in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, by describing and discussing the stages of the development of Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), the first neuropsychological battery in immersive VR. Techniques for evaluating cognitive functions within a realistic storyline are discussed. The utility of various assets in Unity, software development kits, and other software are described so that cognitive scientists can overcome challenges pertinent to VRISE and the quality of the VR software. In addition, this pilot study attempts to evaluate VR-EAL in accordance with the necessary criteria for VR software for research purposes. The VR neuroscience questionnaire (VRNQ; Kourtesis et al., 2019b) was implemented to appraise the quality of the three versions of VR-EAL in terms of user experience, game mechanics, in-game assistance, and VRISE. Twenty-five participants aged between 20 and 45 years with 12-16 years of full-time education evaluated various versions of VR-EAL. The final version of VR-EAL achieved high scores in every sub-score of the VRNQ and exceeded its parsimonious cut-offs. It also appeared to have better in-game assistance and game mechanics, while its improved graphics substantially increased the quality of the user experience and almost eradicated VRISE. The results substantially support the feasibility of the development of effective VR research and clinical software without the presence of VRISE during a 60-minute VR session.
description: Published in Frontier in Computer Science
Critical Passages to Success: An Exploratory Comparison of the Factors that Support or Inhibit College Persistive Behaviors in Women Emancipated from Foster Care
Creators: name: Webber, Paula L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Education, Social Sciences (0534)
Education, Higher (0745)
Social Work (0452)
persistence
persistive behaviors
identity
identity development
women
emancipation

description: This dissertation presents an examination of the dynamics of college persistive behaviors in women emancipated from foster care and, through an analysis of critical incidents, suggests the experiences of these women provide new perspectives on conventional models in this area. This case study, ""Critical Passages to Success,"" contends that a full account of the complex ways in which college persistence may be manifested must include careful attention to the perceptions and experiences of those concerned. Consequently, this study moves from an examination of the limitations of conventional college persistence models as they pertain to this population to a consideration of features of experience and identity that characterize, and support, college persistive behaviors in this particular population. My analysis concludes that this population's unusual location at the intersection of traditional and non-traditional student attributes offers insight into under-examined features of college persistive behaviors. Chief among these under-examined features is the powerful role the negotiation of identity constructs by these young women plays in supporting college persistive behaviors within the context of transitioning from foster care into emancipated adulthood. In addition, my investigation of the dynamics of identity in interaction with two other key elements, specifically - academic influences and environmental influences, have the most explanatory power in understanding the sustainability of college persistence in young women emancipated from foster care. Across all of the accounts of educational persistence, the women consistently demonstrated that their motivation for seeking continued educational advancement goes beyond the material security of establishing a career. Instead, these young women were clear that the attainment of educational success would, in their personal estimation, change their life outcomes --- sometimes for the goal of mere survival. Finally, in light of the complex dynamic that develops between identity negotiation, environmental and academic influences, and the particular focus of their motivation to achieve educational success, I argue that a careful consideration of their unconventional backgrounds in foster care placements, strained relationships with adults, and obligations outside of college point to the important role trust and openness in relationships with key individuals play in supporting college persistive behaviors in this population.
Die 'urbisphere' Berlin-Kampagne - Auswirkungen der Stadt Berlin auf die regionale atmosphärische Grenzschicht
Creators: name: Fenner, Daniel
name: Morrison, Will
name: Birkmann, Jörn
name: Christen, Andreas
name: Chrysoulakis, Nektarios
name: Grimmond, Sue
name: Hertwig, Denise
name: Meier, Fred
name: Metzger, Swen
name: Scherer, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This abstract concerns the urbisphere Berlin campaign that was presented at the 39th Annual "AK Klima" Meeting, 5-7 November 2021 in Passau, Germany (http://www.akklima.de/).
title: Dysphagia in systemic sclerosis: Beyond the obvious
Creators: name: Carvalho, João Gomes
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Anatomy
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 49-year-old woman diagnosed with systemic sclerosis complains of dysphagia. 

description: 49 years, female
Painleve IV and degenerate Gaussian Unitary Ensembles
Creators: name: Chen, Yang
name: Feigin, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider those Gaussian Unitary Ensembles where the eigenvalues have prescribed multiplicities, and obtain joint probability density for the eigenvalues. In the simplest case where there is only one multiple eigenvalue t, this leads to orthogonal polynomials with the Hermite weight perturbed by a factor that has a multiple zero at t. We show through a pair of ladder operators, that the diagonal recurrence coefficients satisfy a particular Painleve IV equation for any real multiplicity. If the multiplicity is even they are expressed in terms of the generalized Hermite polynomials, with t as the independent variable.
description: 17 pages