cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-03-16)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
title: The past, present and future of technical measures in the Common Fisheries Policy1
Creators: name: Reeves, Stuart A.
name: Revill, Andrew S.
name: John
name: Pinnegar, K.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Technical conservation measures such as closed area and mesh regulations form a major part of EU fisheries legislation. Their importance as management measures is likely to increase with greater stakeholder involvement in fisheries management. As background to the reform of the CFP we review the technical measures currently in place in EU legislation and discuss their effectiveness in achieving policy objectives. We also compare the implementation of technical measures in EU waters with implementations in other areas. We then draw on the findings from these reviews to identify a set of features that would contribute to an effective implementation of technical measures in EU waters. The implementation of such a system would also have implications for the role of scientists, particularly in relation to the evaluation of the effectiveness of technical measures, and these implications are also discussed.
The Advanced Camera for Surveys General Catalog: Structural Parameters for Approximately Half a Million Galaxies
Creators: name: Griffith, Roger L.
name: Cooper, Michael C.
name: Newman, Jeffrey A.
name: Moustakas, Leonidas A.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Comerford, Julia M.
name: Davis, Marc
name: Lotz, Jennifer M.
name: Barden, Marco
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Capak, Peter L.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Koo, David C.
name: Noeske, Kai G.
name: Scoville, Nick
name: Sheth, Kartik
name: Shopbell, Patrick
name: Willmer, Christopher N. A.
name: Weiner, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Advanced Camera for Surveys General Catalog (ACS-GC), a photometric and morphological database using publicly available data obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope. The goal of the ACS-GC database is to provide a large statistical sample of galaxies with reliable structural and distance measurements to probe the evolution of galaxies over a wide range of look-back times. The ACS-GC includes approximately 470,000 astronomical sources (stars + galaxies) derived from the AEGIS, COSMOS, GEMS, and GOODS surveys. Galapagos was used to construct photometric (SExtractor) and morphological (Galfit) catalogs. The analysis assumes a single Sérsic model for each object to derive quantitative structural parameters. We include publicly available redshifts from the DEEP2, COMBO-17, TKRS, PEARS, ACES, CFHTLS,and zCOSMOS surveys to supply redshifts (spectroscopic and photometric) for a considerable fraction (~74%) of the imaging sample. The ACS-GC includes color postage stamps, Galfit residual images, and photometry, structural parameters, and redshifts combined into a single catalog.
description: 24 pages, 6 Figures, and 5 Tables
Stirring the Pot: A Response to Rothman’s Right of Publicity
Creators: name: Dogan, Stacey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Publicity (Law)
subject: Privacy, Right of
subject: Criticism
subject: Transfer (Law)

description: Any commentary on Jennifer Rothman’s terrific book has to begin with a compliment to her extraordinary commitment to the right of publicity. For the uninitiated, her website, Rothman’s Roadmap to the Right of Publicity, provides a treasure trove of information about the right of publicity in each of the fifty states. Professor Rothman has also written several articles and a number of excellent amicus briefs in some of the most important right-of-publicity cases in recent years. Finally, this latest contribution—her book—harnesses this exhaustive research and presents it as a historical narrative that is comprehensive, thoughtful, and readable. This book will serve as required reading for scholars, lawyers, and historians trying to understand the history, foundations, and key attributes of this perplexing area of law. Despite my admiration for Professor Rothman and her work, I view the role of a commentator as stirrer of the pot; so, while I agree with much of what she says in her book and her talk, I am going to focus on three points where I have a somewhat different perspective: first, the relationship between “privacy” and “publicity;” second, the role of alienability; and finally, prognosis and cure—or why the right of publicity is so hard, and how we might restore balance to this unwieldy cause of action.
ChatGPT to generate clinical vignettes for teaching and multiple-choice questions for assessment: A randomized controlled experiment
Creators: name: Coşkun, Özlem
name: Kıyak, Yavuz Selim
name: Budakoğlu, Işıl İrem
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study aimed to evaluate the real-life performance of clinical vignettes and multiple-choice questions generated by using ChatGPT. This was a randomized controlled study in an evidence-based medicine training program. We randomly assigned seventy-four medical students to two groups. The ChatGPT group received ill-defined cases generated by ChatGPT, while the control group received human-written cases. At the end of the training, they evaluated the cases by rating 10 statements using a Likert scale. They also answered 15 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) generated by ChatGPT. The case evaluations of the two groups were compared. Some psychometric characteristics (item difficulty and point-biserial correlations) of the test were also reported. None of the scores in 10 statements regarding the cases showed a significant difference between the ChatGPT group and the control group (p > .05). In the test, only six MCQs had acceptable levels (higher than 0.30) of point-biserial correlation, and five items could be considered acceptable in classroom settings. The results showed that the quality of the vignettes are comparable to those created by human authors, and some multiple-questions have acceptable psychometric characteristics. ChatGPT has potential in generating clinical vignettes for teaching and MCQs for assessment in medical education.
The Local Structure of Compactified Jacobians
Creators: name: Casalaina-Martin, Sebastian
name: Kass, Jesse Leo
name: Viviani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14H40 (Primary) 14D15, 14H20 (Secondary)

description: This paper studies the local geometry of compactified Jacobians constructed by Caporaso, Oda-Seshadri, Pandharipande, and Simpson. The main result is a presentation of the completed local ring of the compactified Jacobian of a nodal curve as an explicit ring of invariants described in terms of the dual graph of the curve. The authors have investigated the geometric and combinatorial properties of these rings in previous work, and consequences for compactified Jacobians are presented in this paper. Similar results are given for the local structure of the universal compactified Jacobian over the moduli space of stable curves.
description: 30 pages; final version, to appear in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
Forma e Trans-morfosi tra arte e scienza nei seminari di Dino Formaggio alla Facoltà di architettura
Creators: name: Mazzocut-Mis, Maddalena
Publisher: name: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie, N. 5.2 (2018): Le parole di Dio
Leadership, coordination and mission-driven management
Creators: name: Bolton, Patrick
name: Brunnermeier, Markus K.
name: Veldkamp, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Leadership
Corporate culture

description: What makes a good leader? A good leader is able to coordinate his followers around a credible mission statement, which communicates the future course of action of the organization. In practice, leaders learn about the best course of action for the organization over time. While learning helps improve the organization's goals it also creates a time-consistency problem. Leader overconfidence is a valuable attribute in such a setting, since it slows down the leader's learning and thus improves the credibility of the mission statement. But overconfident leaders also inhibit communication with followers and leader overconfidence is costly when followers have sufficiently valuable signals.
MAGNETIC ACTUATORS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Enriquez, Angel G
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biofabrication
Mechanobiology
Medical devices

description: The untethered transfer of energy and scalability of magnetic actuators enables functionality to an otherwise passive system. For example, wireless magnetic actuation can turn static 2D and 3D cell cultures into a more physiologically-relevant dynamic environment while limiting contamination. Moreover, indwelling catheters and implantable sensors are typically stationary devices that are notorious for their short lifespan when implanting into the body due to immune responses. Magnetic microactuators may be used for wireless actuation for in situ removal of biological materials accumulated on chronically implanted devices. In this dissertation, I will demonstrate examples of novel biomedical microdevices enabled by magnetic actuation for added functional benefits. First, I will describe a soft polymer magnetic actuator that can facilitate the study of a physiologically relevant cell culturing system. By cyclically stretching an extracellular matrix protein in a 3D cell culture, this system can elucidate the process by which breast cancer cells respond to a dynamic environment in the lungs. The fibrillar fibronectin suspended across the body of the magnetic actuator provides a matrix representative of early metastasis for 3D cell culture that has not yet been recapitulated in vitro until now. Our results demonstrate a clear suppressive cellular response due to cyclic stretching that has implications for a mechanical role in the dormancy and reactivation of disseminated breast cancer cells to macrometastases. As a second application, I will demonstrate the use of magnetic microactuators to remove biofouling on an implantable biosensor in order to prolong its functionality. The results of our work suggest that the motion of the actuator on the sensor surface can maintain biosensor signal integrity and prevents the downstream effects of the foreign body response. Additionally, I will present the design and proof of concept testing of a novel aspiration thrombectomy catheter meant to improve the engagement between the catheter and the blood clot being removed. Preliminary results demonstrate the added benefit of incorporating a microstructure in the inner diameter of the catheter meant to increase the retraction force aspiration catheters have when retrieving corked emboli at the catheter tip.
Examining medical students’ experience of gender-based discrimination and sexual harassment from clinical teachers at a UK medical school
Creators: name: Skan, Oliver
name: Tregidgo, Laura
name: Tizzard, James
name: Westlake, Isabel
name: Joji, Nikita
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To quantify the prevalence and characterise the nature of gender-based discrimination (GBD) and sexual harassment (SH) arising from clinical teachers towards medical students at one UK medical school. A mixed quantitative and qualitative survey of medical students. Chi-squared analysis and logistic regression was performed on quantitative data, while an inductive thematic analysis of qualitative data was undertaken. These findings were compared to look for common patterns. Females were significantly more likely to report experiencing both GBD (χ2 = 38.61, p < 0.0001) and SH (χ2 = 19.53, p < 0.0001) than males (OR = 10.45 (CI 4.84 − 22.56, p < 0.0001)). These behaviours were more likely to be reported in specific surgical placements than medical placements (χ2 = 15.06, p < 0.001 and χ2 = 5.90, p < 0.05). Perpetrators were more commonly male, and more commonly consultants. Exposure to GBD or SH was significantly more likely to affect the choice of specialty in females compared to males (χ2 = 11.17, p < 0.001). Students noted a casual use of sexist language, inappropriate sexual advances, and gender-based microaggressions which create a pervasive discrepancy in educational opportunities between genders. Participants reported that concerns regarding anonymity, questioning the severity of the incident, and an ingrained medical hierarchy prevented students reporting these incidents. The rate of GBD and SH from clinical teachers to medical students remains high, affecting female students more than male students. This study highlights key areas that must be improved to achieve a more equitable teaching experience in UK medical schools. Developing robust reporting and support systems is an important step in eradicating these behaviours.
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-03-17)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Trimaximal mixing with predicted θ_13 from a new type of constrained sequential dominance
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: King, Stephen F.
name: Luhn, Christoph
name: Spinrath, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent T2K indication of a sizeable reactor angle, we present a class of models which fix θ_{13} while preserving trimaximal solar mixing. The models are based on a new type of constrained sequential dominance involving new vacuum alignments, along the (1,2,0)^T or (1,0,2)^T directions in flavour space. We show that such alignments are easily achieved using orthogonality, and may replace the role of the subdominant flavon alignment (1,1,1)^T in constrained sequential dominance. In such models, with a normal hierarchical spectrum, the reactor angle is related to a ratio of neutrino masses by θ_{13} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\frac{m^ν_2}{m^ν_3}, leading to θ_{13} \sim 5^\circ - 6^\circ, while the atmospheric angle is given by the sum rule θ_{23} \approx 45^\circ + \sqrt{2} θ_{13} \cos δ. We find that leptogenesis is unsuppressed due to the violation of form dominance and that the CP violating phase responsible for leptogenesis is precisely equal to the Dirac CP phase δ, providing a direct link between leptogenesis and neutrino mixing in this class of models.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Before and after traffic safety evaluations using computer vision techniques
Creators: name: Autey, Jarvis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Traditionally, road safety analysis has been undertaken using historical collision records. This approach to road safety analysis is reactive in that the analyst has to wait for collisions to take place before an action can be taken. An alternative approach is to study traffic conflicts or near misses which occur more frequently, can be clearly observed and are related to collisions. However, there are issues of subjectivity, reliability, and cost associated with the use of human observers. The use of computer vision techniques to automate the process of collecting traffic conflicts data can help mitigate these problems. This thesis presents the results of a before-after safety evaluation of a proposed design for channelized right-turn lanes. The evaluation uses an automated safety analysis approach to identify and measure the severity of traffic conflicts. The new design, termed “Smart Channels”, decreases the angle of the channelized right turn to approximately 70 degrees, and is considered to have safety benefits for both vehicle-pedestrian and vehicle-vehicle interaction. Data for three treatment sites and one control site, located in British Columbia, Canada, are evaluated using automated traffic conflict analysis that relies on computer vision for conflict detection. The results of the evaluation show that the implementation of the right-turn treatment has resulted in a considerable reduction in the severity and frequency of merging, rear-end, and total conflicts. The total average hourly conflict was reduced by a statistically significant 51 percent, while the average conflict severity was reduced by a statistically significant 41 percent. Many different traffic conflict indicators have been proposed and studied, but the methods of combining the results has not been well examined. This thesis considers four conflict indicators and examines methods of combining or aggregating the information provided by each indicator in order to better account for all components of risk in traffic conflicts. The four indicators are time-to-collision, gap-time, deceleration-to-safety time, and post-encroachment time. Two primary aggregation methods are studied: time aggregation and road-user aggregation. Time aggregation is appropriate for determining aggregate severity over periods of time, and road-user aggregation is used for normalizing risk to the volume of users.
Eurasian contribution to the last glacial dust cycle: how are loess sequences built?
Creators: name: Rousseau, Denis-Didier
name: Svensson, Anders
name: Bigler, Matthias
name: Sima, Adriana
name: Steffensen, Jorgen Peder
name: Boers, Niklas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Climatic changes
Paleoclimatology
Dust
Loess--Environmental aspects

description: The last 130 000 years have been marked by pronounced millennial-scale climate variability, which strongly impacted the terrestrial environments of the Northern Hemisphere, especially at middle latitudes. Identifying the trigger of these variations, which are most likely associated with strong couplings between the ocean and the atmosphere, still remains a key question. Here, we show that the analysis of δ¹⁸O and dust in the Greenland ice cores, and a critical study of their source variations, reconciles these records with those observed on the Eurasian continent. We demonstrate the link between European and Chinese loess sequences, dust records in Greenland, and variations in the North Atlantic sea ice extent. The sources of the emitted and transported dust material are variable and relate to different environments corresponding to present desert areas, but also hidden regions related to lower sea level stands, dry rivers, or zones close to the frontal moraines of the main Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. We anticipate our study to be at the origin of more sophisticated and elaborated investigations of millennial and sub-millennial continental climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Right of Publicity’s Intellectual Property Turn
Creators: name: Rothman, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Publicity (Law)
subject: Intellectual property
subject: History

description: I will first consider the case often wrongly credited with creating the right of publicity―Haelan Laboratories v. Topps Chewing Gum―and then reveal the right of publicity’s true origins, explaining when the actual turn to becoming an independent IP right took place. I will conclude with some challenges posed by this IP turn, as well as some implications that flow from this resurrected story of the right of publicity’s development. Almost twenty-five years ago, in 1995, Columbia Law School organized another Symposium on the right of publicity.9 Many of the concerns raised then and the disagreements voiced at that time remain today. But none of the speakers at the time accurately understood the history of the right of publicity’s development. As a result, the conversation stood on a shaky foundation—one that has long skewed our understanding of the right of publicity, its objectives, and the controversies that surround it. Let us begin today’s Symposium by setting the record straight.
On entropic gravity: the entropy postulate, entropy content of screens and relation to quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Chaichian, Masud
name: Oksanen, Markku
name: Tureanu, Anca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the controversial hypothesis that gravity is an entropic force that has its origin in the thermodynamics of holographic screens. Several key aspects of entropic gravity are discussed. In particular, we revisit and elaborate on our criticism of the recent claim that entropic gravity fails to explain observations involving gravitationally-bound quantum states of neutrons in the GRANIT experiment and gravitationally induced quantum interference. We argue that the analysis leading to this claim is troubled by a misinterpretation concerning the relation between the microstates of a holographic screen and the state of a particle in the emergent space, engendering inconsistencies. A point of view that could resolve the inconsistencies is presented. We expound the general idea of the aforementioned critical analysis of entropic gravity in such a consistent setting. This enables us to clarify the problem and to identify a premise whose validity will decide the faith of the criticism against entropic gravity. It is argued that in order to reach a sensible conclusion we need more detailed knowledge on entropic gravity. These arguments are relevant to any theory of emergent space, where the entropy of the microscopic system depends on the distribution of matter in the emergent space.
description: 15 pages; v2: presentation and arguments improved, particularly in section 5; accepted to Phys. Lett. B
title: Potentials and challenges in fleet‐ and métier‐ based approaches for fisheries management in the CFP
Creators: name: Ulrich, Clara
name: Wilson, Douglas Clyde
name: Nielsen, J. Rasmus
name: Reeves, Stuart A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The inconsistency of single‐species objectives in a mixed‐fisheries context has repeatedly been highlighted as a key issue in the current CFP, and it has long been recognized that this issue would be better addressed through fleet (group of vessels) and métier (type of activity) – based approaches. Since the late 1980s, when such approaches were first introduced, there have been substantial developments in this area of science to the point where the concepts of fleet and métier now underpin the whole EU Data Collection Framework. However, while fleet‐based approaches are in theory valuable improvements to the single‐species approaches, in practice their implementation in the management system has been slow and difficult. Substantial improvements have been made, but a number of intrinsic issues still remain, hampering the practical implementation of fleet‐based approaches. This manuscript summarises the current fleet‐based approaches ongoing in EU fisheries management, and discusses both their potentials and challenges in the context of the future CFP, based on our practical experience. We conclude that within the “governance headache” of mixed fisheries, due to the management complexity, the scientific uncertainty and the political sensitivity of these issues, fleets / metiers based approaches would though potentially address a wider range of problems than the current stock‐based approach.
Economists' perspectives on leadership
Creators: name: Bolton, Patrick
name: Brunnermeier, Markus K.
name: Veldkamp, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Leadership

description: What is leadership to an economist? This article provides an overview of formal models of leadership in economics. After briefly reviewing the role of formal control rights and the delegation of authority, the article puts in perspective economic models that capture several key functional aspects of leadership. The article also outlines a conceptual framework that includes five key elements of leadership: vision, communication, execution, integrity, and empowering others.
title: Scientific challenges related to Common Fisheries Policy
Creators: name: Kuikka, Sakari
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In this paper, I discuss the methodological, organisational and practical issues related to current challenges of Common Fisheries Policy. The improvement of socio-economic advice and the adapting of Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management are the main elements of this paper. I use the subjective experiences obtained in being involved to advisory and other scientific processes.
On optimal entanglement assisted one-shot classical communication
Creators: name: Hemenway, Brett
name: Miller, Carl A.
name: Shi, Yaoyun
name: Wootters, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-shot success probability of a noisy classical channel for transmitting one classical bit is the optimal probability with which the bit can be sent via a single use of the channel. Prevedel et al. (PRL 106, 110505 (2011)) recently showed that for a specific channel, this quantity can be increased if the parties using the channel share an entangled quantum state. We completely characterize the optimal entanglement-assisted protocols in terms of the radius of a set of operators associated with the channel. This characterization can be used to construct optimal entanglement-assisted protocols from the given classical channel and to prove the limit of such protocols. As an example, we show that the Prevedel et al. protocol is optimal for two-qubit entanglement. We also prove some simple upper bounds on the improvement that can be obtained from quantum and no-signaling correlations.
description: 5 pages, plus 7 pages of supplementary material. v2 is significantly expanded and contains a new result (Theorem 2)
Selling the Artist, Not the Art: Using Personal Brand Concepts To Reform Copyright Law for the Social Media Age
Creators: name: Blumenfeld, Zach
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Social media--Law and legislation
subject: Branding (Marketing)
subject: Copyright
subject: Social influence

description: This Note will argue that American courts should take account of digital works’ secondary purpose as personal brand advertisement and treat these works as such, thereby protecting creators’ economic interests in a world where social capital is economic capital. In Part I, I explain how Internet creators, ordinary users, companies, and social media influencers operate under the current system of formal copyright law and informal norms. What they appear to want out of an attendant legal regime looks more like personal brand protection, specifically insofar as it encompasses the attribution right and the ability to monetize their whole oeuvre rather than specific content. In Part II, I discuss privately ordered methods of enforcing the rights that creators seem to want, before explaining that these methods are insufficient to meet creators’ needs. Finally, in Part III, inspired by recent judicial developments that offer promising interpretations of the Copyright Act, I outline a path to more robust protection of attribution and integrity rights than copyright law has previously afforded.
La filosofia come vita: la lezione di Franco Fergnani
Creators: name: Bellini, Manuele
Publisher: name: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie
Year: 2019

description: Franco Fergnani (1927-2009) was an Associate Professor of Moral Philosophy at University of Milan. Remembering his teaching activity is not only a tribute to a thorough researcher, but it is also an occasion to enhance his philosophical height, obscured by an extremely bashful personality in the academic environment: existentialism was for him not only a subject of study to summarise in scientific publications, but also an intimately felt way of life; he felt on himself the stickiness of the world described by Sartre in La nausée (moreover he was one of the highest italian experts of Sartrian philosophy). He continued to write about Sartre, whose political ideas (which he matured during his experience in the Fronte della Gioventù during the Second World War) he shared, also after the end of East European socialisms: he left out, if anything, the spirit of utopia (and his discussions about authors such as Bloch, Mannheim or Lukács) as he focused his attention on analysing the existential structures at the base of the relationship between man and himself and man’s openness to the others. In this context, Kierkegaard’s thought met reflexions of Lévinas and this meeting highlights the theme of the sartrian paradox of the subject condemned to freedom and mainly that of heideggerian disorienting anxiety of Dasein in front of nullifying perspective of mortality. However, in his teaching the echo of his initial education with his Master Antonio Banfi remained unchanged: philosophy was a knowing for life, behond scholarly specialisms. It was a knowing suitable to mature a dialectical spirit open to alterity even in terms of ideology, the necessity of extreme radical doubt, an analitical and never satisfied attention to her own discoveries.
description: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie, N. 5.2 (2018): Le parole di Dio
Earthly probes of the smallest dark matter halos
Creators: name: Cornell, Jonathan M.
name: Profumo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter kinetic decoupling involves elastic scattering of dark matter off of leptons and quarks in the early universe, the same process relevant for direct detection and for the capture rate of dark matter in celestial bodies; the resulting size of the smallest dark matter collapsed structures should thus correlate with quantities connected with direct detection rates and with the flux of high-energy neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Sun or in the Earth. In this paper we address this general question in the context of two widely studied and paradigmatic weakly-interacting particle dark matter models: the lightest neutralino of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, and the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle of Universal Extra Dimensions (UED). We argue and show that while the scalar neutralino-nucleon cross section correlates poorly with the kinetic decoupling temperature, the spin-dependent cross section exhibits a strong correlation in a wide range of models. In UED models the correlation is present for both cross sections, and is extraordinarily tight for the spin-dependent case. A strong correlation is also found, for both models, for the flux of neutrinos from the Sun, especially for fluxes large enough to be at potentially detectable levels. We provide analytic guidance and formulae that illustrate our findings.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, to appear in JCAP
Karlheinz Fingerhut. Didattica della letteratura tedesca per pensatori trasversali
Creators: name: Maletta, Rosalba
Publisher: name: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie
Year: 2019

description: In our digital era there is urgent need to get acquainted with new methodologies in order to improve educational processes in the Humanities. As a result researches upon Didactics are at their peak. Since 2000 competence-oriented, intercultural, intermedial and interdisciplinary teaching in German Literature has become more and more required. Karlheinz Fingerhut has payed all his life long particular attention to literaricity and to aesthetic education, also pursuing linguistic aims such as fostering foreign-language competences and intercultural understanding. He has structured his works focusing on innovative approaches without forgetting curricular, textual-thematic and functional-discursive dimensions corresponding to the new curricular vision of global competences. The present paper is aimed at investigating how much influence his researches continue to exert in our digital era, in which world academicians are engaged with passing on the heritage of literaricity while inventing the future. Karlheinz Fingerhut was and remains one of the most engaged scholars in the research field: of the Didactics of German Literature. His books as well as his studies have contributed to write the new instructional programs after Bologna and PISA. His last work – Kafka für Querdenker / Kafka for Lateral Thinkers - offers a broad range of the newest methodological instruments to teach German Literature in order to improve close-reading; heuristic reading as well as productive writing. Thanks to Karlheinz Fingerhut students are given the opportunity to cope with different media for the learning of German Literature in order to grow both as responsible citizens of the world and as individual persons. The present contribution is devoted to his memory, his work and researches.
description: Materiali di Estetica. Terza serie, N. 5.2 (2018): Le parole di Dio
The dilemma of odious debts
Creators: name: Buchheit, Lee C.
name: Gulati, Mitu
name: Thompson, Robert B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Debts, Public

description: Public international law requires that states and governments inherit ("succeed to") the debts incurred by their predecessors, however ill-advised those borrowings may have been. There are situations in which applying this rule of law strictly can lead to a morally reprehensible result. Example: forcing future generations of citizens to repay money borrowed in the state's name by, and then stolen by, a former dictator. Among the purported exceptions to the general rule of state succession are what have been labeled "odious debts", defined in the early twentieth century as debts incurred by a despotic regime that do not benefit the people bound to repay the loans. The absconding dictator is the classic example. The removal of Iraq's Saddam Hussein in 2003 sparked a resurgence of interest in this subject. By enshrining a doctrine of odious debts as a recognized exception to the rule of state succession, some modern commentators have argued, a successor government would be able legally to repudiate the loans incurred by a malodorous prior regime. This, they contend, would have two benefits: it would avoid the morally repugnant consequence of forcing an innocent population to repay debts incurred in their name but not for their benefit, and it would simultaneously force prospective lenders to an odious regime to rethink the wisdom of advancing funds on so fragile a legal foundation. The authors argue that in this recent debate the adjective "odious" has quietly migrated away from its traditional place as modifying the word "debts" (as in "odious debts"), so that it now modifies the word "regime" (as in "debts of an odious regime"). This is a major shift. If this new version of the odious debt doctrine is to be workable, someone must assume the task of painting a scarlet letter "O" on a great many regimes around the world. Who will make this assessment of odiousness and on what criteria? The stakes are high. An unworkable or vague doctrine could significantly reduce cross-border capital flows to sovereign borrowers generally. The authors are skeptical that this definitional challenge can be met. Rather than jettison the whole initiative as quixotic, however, the authors investigate how far principles of private (domestic) law could be used to shield a successor government from the legal enforcement of a debt incurred by a prior regime under irregular circumstances. A wholesale repudiation of all contracts signed by an infamous predecessor may be more emotionally and politically satisfying for a successor government, but establishing defenses to the legal enforcement of certain of those claims based on well-recognized principles of domestic law may be the more prudent path. The authors believe that such defenses exist under U.S. law (and presumably elsewhere) and could be used to address many, although admittedly not all, cases of allegedly odious debts.
Fission modes of mercury isotopes
Creators: name: Warda, M.
name: Staszczak, A.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Recent experiments on beta-delayed fission in the mercury-lead region and the discovery of asym- metric fission in 180 Hg [1] have stimulated theoretical interest in the mechanism of fission in heavy nuclei. Purpose: We study fission modes and fusion valleys in 180 Hg and 198 Hg to reveal the role of shell effects in pre-scission region and explain the experimentally observed fragment mass asymmetry and its variation with A. Methods: We use the self-consistent nuclear density functional theory employing Skyrme and Gogny energy density functionals. Results: The potential energy surfaces in multi-dimensional space of collective coordinates, including elongation, triaxiality, reflection-asymmetry, and necking, are calculated for 180 Hg and 198 Hg. The asymmetric fission valleys - well separated from fusion valleys associated with nearly spherical fragments - are found in in both cases. The density distributions at scission configurations are studied and related to the experimentally observed mass splits. Conclusions: The energy density functionals SkM\ast and D1S give a very consistent description of the fission process in 180 Hg and 198 Hg. We predict a transition from asymmetric fission in 180 Hg towards more symmetric distribution of fission fragments in 198 Hg. For 180 Hg, both models yield 100 Ru/80 Kr as the most probable split. For 198 Hg, the most likely split is 108 Ru/90 Kr in HFB-D1S and 110 Ru/88 Kr in HFB-SkM\ast.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Physical Review C
The Need for a Federal Anti-SLAPP Law in Today’s Digital Media Climate
Creators: name: Bergelson, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Actions and defenses
subject: Trials (Libel)
subject: Intimidation
subject: Newspaper publishing

description: This Note lays out the judicial protections granted to the traditional press and identifies new threats to non-traditional presses through the rise of third-party litigation financing for lawsuits targeting negative reporting. Part I distinguishes between libel and privacy lawsuits, explaining why one approach—particularly in the digital age—can be more fruitful for plaintiffs. Part I also draws from recent Supreme Court precedent to contextualize current attitudes regarding speech and privacy. Part II analyzes two recent new media cases with troubling results: specifically, million-dollar costs at best, and bankruptcy at worst. While ample protections exist for the traditional press, in light of these lawsuits, it is worth considering what more could and should be done to protect media outlets, especially the non-traditional presses. Part II also examines the chilling effect of potential billionaire-backed lawsuits. Because of threats from third-party litigation financiers and because judicial protections are intended for traditional presses, new publishers are left in a precarious position; Part III advocates for a federal anti-SLAPP law as a potential solution.
title: EU Common Fisheries Policy reform: co-production of science and policy
Creators: name: R.Aps
name: Lassen, H.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Scientific knowledge that EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) needs is frequently unavailable until the political process itself creates the incentives for generating it. This regulatory or policy oriented science has specific goals, tasks institutions, and time-frames together with an accountability framework. The concept of co-production of knowledge developed by social sciences is explaining how scientific knowledge both embeds and is embedded in social identities, institutions, representations and discourses. To maintain productive and dynamic relationships, ICES as a boundary organization needs to be able to put scientific and political elements together. In doing so ICES contributes to the maintenance of a productive crossfertilisation between science and politics
Using measures of external work to assess the degree of gait symmetry
Creators: name: Moreno Hernández, Ana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: It would be very helpful for researchers and clinicians if a single valid measure is developed to show objective differences or similarities among the gait patterns, not just through the able-bodied walkers population, but for any population with gait impairments in order to provide more objective gait evaluations to develop better rehabilitation protocols for improving pathological gait. Agrawal et al (2009) introduced the Symmetry in External (mechanical) Work (SEW) score, a measure expressed in percentage that quantifies the difference of work done by each limb during gait. The objective was to quantify kinetic differences in gait as a consequence of using different prosthetic feet in one patient. The limitations of this study were that just one patient was used, and this measure has not yet been validated in a non-amputee population. The first step in deciding whether this measure has value and validity requires that the SEW score be assessed in an able-bodied group. The purpose of this study was to compute the SEW score in a non-amputee population, analyzing a trial and day effect in the variation of this measurement. If validated then it could be introduced as a new tool for objectively measuring gait symmetry in different populations with gait impairments. Sixteen male participants between 23 and 35 years performed 10 successful walking trials through a measurement area where kinetic and kinematic data were recorded using a VICON 3D Motion Capture System and two force plates (AMTI and Bertec). SEW scores were calculated for each successful walking trial using the method described by Agrawal et al (2009). To assess the day effect participants returned to the laboratory one week later and repeated the same protocol. There was no significant interaction between the effects of trial and day (session) on SEW scores (F9,300=0.776, p=0.639) and it was concluded that the SEW score was a reliable, valid tool for measuring gait symmetry. When the SEW score was applied to a unilateral trans-tibial amputee participant, it was able to detect kinetic changes in gait resulting from differences in the designs of prosthetic feet.
The ‘Art’ of Copyright: A Practitioner’s Perspective
Creators: name: Rich, R. Bruce
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Copyright
subject: Intellectual property lawyers
subject: License agreements

description: This is the 31st Manges lecture, and I am honored to be the first private practitioner to deliver it. Copyright law is rich in its constitutional and legislative heritage, in its doctrinal underpinnings, and in its interplay with other important legal and social regimes and norms. This complex heritage has been honored—and its contours provocatively discussed—by prior Manges lecturers spanning the federal judiciary, members of Congress, three Registers of Copyright, numerous scholars in the field—including Bob Gorman, and international copyright experts, among others. An important dimension of this copyright matrix not yet explored in this setting is the central role practicing attorneys have played in the continuing evolution of copyright law. Whereas the pace of legislative change in copyright law is glacial, its evolution via court decision and evolving commercial practice is continual. And it is the practicing bar: who are confronted with myriad real world, time sensitive applications of this body of law; who create the factual records and who brief and argue the legal issues that undergird judicial decisions in the field; who negotiate complex license agreements in reliance on understandings of copyright law with broad consequences for the dissemination of works of creative expression; and who, like Horace Manges, represent the spectrum of affected parties and industries in the halls of Congress, before the Copyright Office, Justice Department, Office of the Solicitor General, and other relevant federal agencies on all matters relating to copyright. Not limited to copyright, those of us in private practice tend to take our cases— and usually our clients—as we find them. In my own experience, applied to the copyright sphere, this intellectual flexibility has had enormous advantages. I say this because, to be effective counselors and advocates, copyright practitioners need fully to appreciate the balancing act that is copyright law. *This is a transcript of the 31st Annual Horace S. Manges Lecture delivered by R. Bruce Rich on March 26, 2018. Mr. Rich is a senior partner at Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP and currently co-heads the firm’s Intellectual Property/Media practice.