cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Realities, New Risks: Rethinking the Strategic Petroleum Reserve
Creators: name: Bordoff, Jason E.
name: Halff, Antoine M.
name: Losz, Akos
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Petroleum reserves
Petroleum reserves--Government policy
Petroleum industry and trade
Energy security

description: Sweeping changes in US and global oil markets call for a rethink of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), an institution born of the first oil shock of 1973 and rooted in a vastly different oil market than today’s. The perceived redundancy of the SPR reflects a mood swing in policymaking circles. Until recently, the SPR enjoyed wholehearted support from Congress and successive administrations as a tool of energy security that helped shield the US economy from the adverse consequences of oil shortages. Admittedly, the SPR had its critics, but those came from a relatively narrow fringe for the most part. Today, the idea that the SPR is too large or even altogether useless has moved to the mainstream and is gaining traction. Fundamental changes have reshaped the global oil market as a whole during the four and a half decades since the creation of the SPR in ways that seem to call into question the traditional calculus of energy security.

The debate over the fate of the SPR should not be limited to a binary choice between keeping it whole or cutting it down to size. Rather, it ought to focus on how to best repurpose the SPR to address the myriad new threats facing oil consumers and the global economy. This must include new forms of financing the SPR and the possibility of joint stockpiling with both oil producers and consumers. At a time of uncertainty about future supply and demand and elevated risks to markets and future investment, the very possibility of an uneven energy transition strengthens rather than weakens the case for the SPR. While the evolution of oil markets has led to the emergence of new energy security risks, it has also created new opportunities for innovation in risk management and SPR design. It is essential for the SPR to catch up with the transformation of the global energy landscape, rather than simply disband.
Ultra deep sub-kpc view of nearby massive compact galaxies
Creators: name: Trujillo, Ignacio
name: Carrasco, Eleazar R.
name: Ferre-Mateu, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Gemini North telescope ultra deep and high resolution (sub-kpc) K-band adaptive optics imaging of a sample of 4 nearby (z~0.15) massive (~10^{11}M_sun) compact (R<1.5 kpc) galaxies, we have explored the structural properties of these rare objects with an unprecedented detail. Our surface brightness profiles expand over 12 magnitudes in range allowing us to explore the presence of any faint extended envelope on these objects down to stellar mass densities ~10^{6} M_sun/kpc^{2} at radial distances of ~15 kpc. We find no evidence for any extended faint tail altering the compactness of these galaxies. Our objects are elongated, resembling visually S0 galaxies, and have a central stellar mass density well above the stellar mass densities of objects with similar stellar mass but normal size in the present universe. If these massive compact objects will eventually transform into normal size galaxies, the processes driving this size growth will have to migrate around 2-3x10^{10}M_sun stellar mass from their inner (R<1.7 kpc) region towards their outskirts. Nearby massive compact galaxies share with high-z compact massive galaxies not only their stellar mass, size and velocity dispersion but also the shape of their profiles and the mean age of their stellar populations. This makes these singular galaxies unique laboratories to explore the early stages of the formation of massive galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter. Version revised to match the accepted version
Mucilopilus mexicanus Rolfe
Creators: name: de la Fuente, Javier Isaac
name: García-Jiménez, Jesús
name: López, Caribell Yuridia
name: Oros-Ortega, Iván
name: Vela-Hernández, Reyna Yazuly
name: Guevara-Guerrero, Gonzalo
name: Garza Ocañas, Fortunato
name: Chay Casanova, Jesús Antonio
name: Ibarra Garibay, León Esteban
name: Bandala, Victor Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Boletales
Boletaceae
Mucilopilus
Mucilopilus mexicanus

description: Mucilopilus mexicanus (Guzmán) Rolfe Material studied. MEXICO - Quintana Roo • J. I. de la Fuente 29 (ITCV); Hermenegildo Galeana; 18°10′N, 089°14′W; alt. 229 m; 29 Aug. 2014. Habit and habitat. Solitary or scattered in lowland forest and pine savanna, sometimes associated with Coccoloba or Gymnoponium species. Identification. This species can be recognized by the greyish pileus, slightly tomentose when young, viscid when aged, the pinkish pores which become grey when aged, the viscid stipe, the fusoid spores 8.1–12.2 × 4.1– 5.9 µm, and the clavate cystidia. The specimen agrees with the description provided by Guzmán (1974). This species resembles Fistulinella gloeocarpa Pegler in having the basidioma viscid, but it differs from that species by the spore size and the ampullaceous cystidia which has a long slender neck (Pegler 1983).
description: Published as part of de la Fuente, Javier Isaac, García-Jiménez, Jesús, López, Caribell Yuridia, Oros-Ortega, Iván, Vela-Hernández, Reyna Yazuly, Guevara-Guerrero, Gonzalo, Garza Ocañas, Fortunato, Chay Casanova, Jesús Antonio, Ibarra Garibay, León Esteban & Bandala, Victor Manuel, 2020, An annotated checklist of the macrofungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Glomeromycota) from Quintana Roo, Mexico, pp. 627-648 in Check List 16 (3) on page 645, DOI: 10.15560/16.3.627
description: {"references": ["Pegler DN (1983) Agaric flora of the Lesser Antilles. Marston Book Services, London, 721 pp."]}
title: Mortalities of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) cultured in a subtidal bay (Bay of Quiberon, France), in relation to environmental conditions
Creators: name: Mazurié, J.
name: Bouget, J. F.
name: Stanisière, J. Y.
name: Andrieux-Loyer, F.
name: Seguineau, C.
name: Thouzeau, G.
name: Nicolas, J.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Bay of Quiberon is one of the main French oysters farming areas, with a specific on-bottom mode of culture. In order to understand the role of environmental factors on oysters mortalities and test the existence of eventual “mud effect”, a research programme was undertaken in 2008. Within the cultivated area of 3000 ha, five stations were chosen, based on differential depth (between 3 and 10 m) and silt proportion of sediment. Oysters 1.5 years old from the same batch were initially distributed over the stations and then sampled periodically. Sedimentology, bacteriology, and oyster physiology were studied. Sediment toxicity was estimated through bivalve embryo bioassays. High differences in mortalities were recorded between sites, with upper mortalities (above 60% annually) in deep (>7 m) and muddy sites and lower mortalities (below 30%) in shallow sites. Shell blisters with gel, potentially linked to tributyl stain from antifouling paints, were observed in 50–65% of the deepest stations of the bay. Embryo toxicities vary slightly between dates and stations, but they are relatively small (<10% abnormal larvae at 5 g l–1 of dry sediment). Submarine observations from divers and shell examinations showed a major impact of predators (starfish and boring snails). A statistical but non-causative relationship has been revealed between oyster thickness index and abnormal mortalities. In this type of culture, the microenvironment in which the oysters live is difficult to capture precisely. As stated in previous studies, several factors may interact to provoke such summer mortalities in oysters
Functional Deficits in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Prediction of Ad
Creators: name: Tabert, Matthias H.
name: Albert, Steven M.
name: Borukhova-Milov, L.
name: Camacho, Yesenia
name: Pelton, Gregory
name: Liu, Xinhua
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Devanand, Devangere P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Neurology
Mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's disease--Diagnosis

description: Objective: To evaluate the predictive utility of self-reported and informant-reported functional deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for the follow-up diagnosis of probable AD. Methods: The Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale were administered at baseline. Patients were followed at 6-month intervals, and matched normal control subjects (NC) were followed annually. Results: Self-reported deficits were higher for patients with MCI than for NC. At baseline, self- and informant-reported functional deficits were significantly greater for patients who converted to AD on follow-up evaluation than for patients who did not convert, even after controlling for age, education, and modified Mini-Mental State Examination scores. While converters showed significantly more informant- than self-reported deficits at baseline, nonconverters showed the reverse pattern. Survival analyses further revealed that informant-reported deficits (but not self-reported deficits) and a discrepancy score indicating greater informant- than self-reported functional deficits significantly predicted the development of AD. The discrepancy index showed high specificity and sensitivity for progression to AD within 2 years. Conclusions: These findings indicate that in patients with MCI, the patient's lack of awareness of functional deficits identified by informants strongly predicts a future diagnosis of AD. If replicated, these findings suggest that clinicians evaluating MCI patients should obtain both self-reports and informant reports of functional deficits to help in prediction of long-term outcome.
title: Evaluation of dose-response effects of farmed mussel biodeposition on benthic communities
Creators: name: McKindsey, Christopher W.
name: Robert, Pauline
name: Archambault, Philippe
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Much work has examined the influence of biodeposition from bivalves in suspended culture on benthic infaunal communities. However, most such studies have been comparative in nature, contrasting sites with culture to various control or reference sites; little effort has been directed at determining the dose-dependent effects of biodeposition on such communities. This study evaluated the dose-dependent response of benthic communities to varying levels of biodeposition using benthic mesocosms in the Magdalen Islands, eastern Canada. Mesocosms (60 cm diameter) were placed in situ (i.e. in the natural muddy sand seabed adjacent to an existing mussel farm) and received biodeposition from known densities of mussels which were placed in cages overlying the mesocosms. Densities chosen mimicked biodeposition from mussels at densities of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 mussels m–2 as well as control areas (i.e. without mesocosms). Replicate 10-cm-diameter samples were collected from each mesocosm following 60 days incubation and the experiment halted. There were clear visual effects from biodeposition and, overall, benthic communities responded as predicted a priori to organic enrichment because of biodeposition. Results are discussed with respect to their importance to predictive ecological modelling for sustainable bivalve aquaculture. Shortcomings of the experiment and ongoing work to address this are also discussed
Excursion set theory for modified gravity: Eulerian versus Lagrangian environments
Creators: name: Li, Baojiu
name: Lam, Tsz Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have revisited the extended excursion set theory in modified gravity models, taking the chameleon model as an example. Instead of specifying their Lagrangian size, here we define the environments by the Eulerian size, chosen to be of the same order of the Compton length of the scalar field by physical arguments. We find that the Eulerian and Lagrangian environments have very different environmental density contrast probability distributions, the former more likely to have high matter density, which in turn suppressing the effect of the fifth force in matter clustering and halo formation. The use of Eulerian environments also evades the unphysical restriction of having an upper mass limit in the case of Lagrangian environments.Two methods of computing the unconditional mass functions, numerical integration and Monte Carlo simulation, are discussed and found to give consistent predictions.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Match version accepted by MNRAS
title: Reproductive performance and offspring quality in crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) broodstock fed different diets
Creators: name: El-Bermawi, Nagy
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.A study was conducted to determine the effect of the nutritional value on maturation of crayfish with the aim of establishing standard techniques for mass production of berried females producing high-quality larvae. Three diets were tested, composed of a mixture of fresh food items (trash fish, shrimp meals, 30% Artemia biomass), compared with two types of artificial diets (35% (A1) and 40% (A2) protein). Five crayfish females with an average individual weight of 60.88 g were stocked in circular fibreglass tanks (each 1.5 m3 with a capacity of 1000 l). The crayfish were fed the experimental diets twice a day with a daily amount calculated as 20% of total body weight. Gonadal maturation, egg hatching rate, and fecundity were estimated. Offspring quality was evaluated through starvation test. The results of our study, however, showed that the crayfish fed diet A2 had a significant better hatching rate (95%) compared with the control. No significant difference of hatching rate (90.9%) was observed for the crayfish fed diet A1. Survival of larvae under starvation conditions was significantly better when they originated from broodstock fed the control diet. No significant effect of the different levels of n-3 HUFA in diet was found on reproductive performance of crayfish broodstock. The results of this study suggested that the sole use of the artificial feeds tested could not improve reproductive performance.
Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Protostellar Collapse: Protostellar Core Formation
Creators: name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
name: Matsumoto, Tomoaki
name: Hori, Yasunori
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Saigo, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first three-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of protostellar collapse with and without Ohmic dissipation.We take into account many physical processes required to study star formation processes, including a realistic equation of state. We follow the evolution from molecular cloud cores until protostellar cores are formed with sufficiently high resolutions without introducing a sink particle. The physical processes involved in the simulations and adopted numerical methods are described in detail.We can calculate only about one year after the formation of the protostellar cores with our direct three-dimensional RMHD simulations because of the extremely short timescale in the deep interior of the formed protostellar cores, but successfully describe the early phase of star formation processes. The thermal evolution and the structure of the first and second (protostellar) cores are consistent with previous one-dimensional simulations using full radiation transfer, but differ considerably from preceding multi-dimensional studies with the barotropic approximation. The protostellar cores evolve virtually spherically symmetric in the ideal MHD models because of efficient angular momentum transport by magnetic fields, but Ohmic dissipation enables the formation of the circumstellar disks in the vicinity of the protostellar cores as in previous MHD studies with the barotropic approximation. The formed disks are still small (less than 0.35 AU) because we simulate only the earliest evolution. We also confirm that two different types of outflows are naturally launched by magnetic fields from the first cores and protostellar cores in the resistive MHD models.
description: 36 pages, 28 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Lactifluus nebulosus De Crop.
Creators: name: de la Fuente, Javier Isaac
name: García-Jiménez, Jesús
name: López, Caribell Yuridia
name: Oros-Ortega, Iván
name: Vela-Hernández, Reyna Yazuly
name: Guevara-Guerrero, Gonzalo
name: Garza Ocañas, Fortunato
name: Chay Casanova, Jesús Antonio
name: Ibarra Garibay, León Esteban
name: Bandala, Victor Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Russulaceae
Lactifluus
Lactifluus nebulosus

description: Lactifluus nebulosus (Pegler) De Crop. Material studied. MEXICO - Quintana Roo • J.I. de la Fuente 210 (ITCV); Hermenegildo Galeana; 18°10′N, 089°14′W; alt. 229 m; 25 jan 2016. Habit and habitat. Scattered on humus under Gymnopodiumfloribundum and Coccolovadiversifolia in lowland forest. Identification. This species can be identified by the greyish to cream pileus, slightly wrinkled when aged, the whitish lamellae which stain brown when touched, the peppery white latex, and the ovoid basidiospores 8–11 × 6–9 µm with small verrucae, not reticulated. Our material agrees with the descriptions provided by Pegler and Fiard (1979) and Pegler (1983). Lactifluus­caribaeus (Pegler) Verbeken has a similar pileus coloration, but it has a remarkably bad odour (Pegler and Fiard 1979). Lactifluus­chiapanensis (Montoya, Bandala & Guzmán) De Crop also grows under G.­floribundum but has smaller spores (8–8.8 µm) (Montolla-Bello 1994).
description: Published as part of de la Fuente, Javier Isaac, García-Jiménez, Jesús, López, Caribell Yuridia, Oros-Ortega, Iván, Vela-Hernández, Reyna Yazuly, Guevara-Guerrero, Gonzalo, Garza Ocañas, Fortunato, Chay Casanova, Jesús Antonio, Ibarra Garibay, León Esteban & Bandala, Victor Manuel, 2020, An annotated checklist of the macrofungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Glomeromycota) from Quintana Roo, Mexico, pp. 627-648 in Check List 16 (3) on page 645, DOI: 10.15560/16.3.627
description: {"references": ["Pegler DN, Fiard JP (1979) Taxonomy and ecology of Lactarius (Agaricales) in the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin 33: 601 - 628.", "Pegler DN (1983) Agaric flora of the Lesser Antilles. Marston Book Services, London, 721 pp."]}
Around the circular law
Creators: name: Bordenave, Charles
name: Chafai, Djalil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These expository notes are centered around the circular law theorem, which states that the empirical spectral distribution of a nxn random matrix with i.i.d. entries of variance 1/n tends to the uniform law on the unit disc of the complex plane as the dimension $n$ tends to infinity. This phenomenon is the non-Hermitian counterpart of the semi circular limit for Wigner random Hermitian matrices, and the quarter circular limit for Marchenko-Pastur random covariance matrices. We present a proof in a Gaussian case, due to Silverstein, based on a formula by Ginibre, and a proof of the universal case by revisiting the approach of Tao and Vu, based on the Hermitization of Girko, the logarithmic potential, and the control of the small singular values. Beyond the finite variance model, we also consider the case where the entries have heavy tails, by using the objective method of Aldous and Steele borrowed from randomized combinatorial optimization. The limiting law is then no longer the circular law and is related to the Poisson weighted infinite tree. We provide a weak control of the smallest singular value under weak assumptions, using asymptotic geometric analysis tools. We also develop a quaternionic Cauchy-Stieltjes transform borrowed from the Physics literature.
description: Added: one reference and few comments
title: Sustainable marine fish reproduction and larval rearing development using probiotics: effects of probiotics (bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and algae (Chlorella sp.)) used as aquaculture disinfectants on gilthead sea bream embryonic and newly hatched larval rearing development
Creators: name: Salem, Ahmed Md.
name: Hebalah, Shaimaa M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Marine hatcheries are the backbone of marine aquaculture development. Probiotics are different kinds of micro-organisms (bacteria, fungi, and algae) used in fish nutrition in different stages, which invade digestive canal receptors and inhibit the other organisms coming through culture environment, feeds, and those already in the fish digestive canal, thereby improving fish immunity and producing vitamins and enzymes inside the digestive canal. Thus far, few global studies have been done to look at the effects of using probiotics on fish embryonic stages and newly hatched larvae development. In this study, we investigated gilthead sea bream (Spaurs aurata) sustainable embryonic stages and newly hatched larval rearing development by adding probiotics directly to the culture water. Twelve experimental tanks (30 l each) were stocked with 225 fertilized eggs (1st day post fertilization; 1st DPF). Tanks were supplied with 20 l/tank aerated filtered seawater. The ten treatments in duplicate were control (C), formalin (F), iodine (I), bacteria (Bacillus subtilis; B), algae Chlorella sp. (Ch) and (B+Ch). Embryonic stage development was investigated daily (2nd DPF–4th DPF), in newly hatched larvae (2nd day post-hatching (2nd DPH–3rd DPH)) and B. subtilis counts (CFU ml–1) were done at the beginning and end of the study. The results of this study demonstrated that (Ch) and (B) produced the best results for growth in length. Other treatments also showed a good trend in total length gain. This application of new biotechnology could be used for gilthead sea bream (Spaurs aurata) embryos and newly hatched larvae using probiotics directly in the culture water.
Five Supernova Survey Galaxies in the Southern Hemisphere: Supernova Ia Rates
Creators: name: Hakobyan, A. A.
name: Petrosian, A. R.
name: Mamon, G. A.
name: McLean, B.
name: Kunth, D.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Allen, R. J.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Petrosyan, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the database of 56 supernovae (SNe) events discovered in 3838 galaxies of the southern hemisphere, we compute the rate of SNe of different types along the Hubble sequence normalized to the optical and near-infrared (NIR) luminosities as well as to the stellar mass of the galaxies. We find that the rates of Type Ia SNe show a dependence on both morphology and colors of the galaxies, and therefore, on the star-formation activity. The rate of SNe Ia can be explained by assuming that at least 15% of Ia events in spiral galaxies originate in relatively young stellar populations. We also find that the rates show no modulation with nuclear activity or environment.
description: 2 pages
Polynomial Bundles and Generalised Fourier Transforms for Integrable Equations on A.III-type Symmetric Spaces
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, Vladimir S.
name: Grahovski, Georgi G.
name: Mikhailov, Alexander V.
name: Valchev, Tihomir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A special class of integrable nonlinear differential equations related to A.III-type symmetric spaces and having additional reductions are analyzed via the inverse scattering method (ISM). Using the dressing method we construct two classes of soliton solutions associated with the Lax operator. Next, by using the Wronskian relations, the mapping between the potential and the minimal sets of scattering data is constructed. Furthermore, completeness relations for the 'squared solutions' (generalized exponentials) are derived. Next, expansions of the potential and its variation are obtained. This demonstrates that the interpretation of the inverse scattering method as a generalized Fourier transform holds true. Finally, the Hamiltonian structures of these generalized multi-component Heisenberg ferromagnetic (MHF) type integrable models on A.III-type symmetric spaces are briefly analyzed.
Frequency and Clinical Determinants of Dementia after Ischemic Stroke
Creators: name: Desmond, David W.
name: Moroney, Joan T.
name: Paik, Myunghee C.
name: Sano, Mary
name: Mohr, Jay Preston
name: Aboumatar, Sami
name: Tseng, Chin-Lin
name: Chan, Stephen
name: Williams, Janet B. W.
name: Remien, Robert Howard
name: Hauser, Willard Allen
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Neurology
Cerebrovascular disease
Dementia

description: Objective: To investigate the frequency and clinical determinants of dementia after ischemic stroke. Methods: The authors administered neurologic, neuropsychological, and functional assessments to 453 patients (age 72.0 ± 8.3 years) 3 months after ischemic stroke. They diagnosed dementia using modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., revised criteria requiring deficits in memory and two or more additional cognitive domains as well as functional impairment. Results: The authors diagnosed dementia in 119 of the 453 patients (26.3%). Regarding dementia subtypes, 68 of the 119 patients (57.1%) were diagnosed with vascular dementia, 46 patients (38.7%) were diagnosed with AD with concomitant stroke, and 5 patients (4.2%) had dementia for other reasons. Logistic regression suggested that dementia was associated with a major hemispheral stroke syndrome (OR 3.0), left hemisphere (OR 2.1) and right hemisphere (OR 1.8) infarct locations versus brainstem/cerebellar locations, infarcts in the pooled anterior and posterior cerebral artery territories versus infarcts in other vascular territories (OR 1.7), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.8), prior stroke (OR 1.7), age 80 years or older (OR 12.7) and 70 to 79 years (OR 3.9) versus 60 to 69 years, 8 or fewer years of education (OR 4.1) and 9 to 12 years of education (OR 3.0) versus 13 or more years of education, black race (OR 2.6) and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 3.1) versus white race, and northern Manhattan residence (OR 1.6). Conclusions: Dementia is frequent after ischemic stroke, occurring in one-fourth of the elderly patients in the authors’ cohort. The clinical determinants of dementia include the location and severity of the presenting stroke, vascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and prior stroke, and host characteristics such as older age, fewer years of education, and nonwhite race/ethnicity. The results also suggest that concomitant AD plays an etiologic role in approximately one-third of cases of dementia after stroke.
Hamiltonian Formulation of Scalar Field Collapse in Einstein Gauss Bonnet Gravity
Creators: name: Taves, T.
name: Leonard, C. D.
name: Kunstatter, G.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Hamiltonian for spherically symmetric scalar field collapse in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in D dimensions using slicings that are regular across future horizons. We first reduce the Lagrangian to two dimensions using spherical symmetry. We then show that choosing the spatial coordinate to be a function of the areal radius leads to a relatively simple Hamiltonian constraint whose gravitational part is the gradient of the generalized mass function. Next we complete the gauge fixing such that the metric is the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet generalization of non-static Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates. Finally, we derive the resultant reduced equations of motion for the scalar field. These equations are suitable for use in numerical simulations of spherically symmetric scalar field collapse in Gauss-Bonnet gravity and can readily be generalized to other matter fields minimally coupled to gravity.
description: 14 pages, 0 figures
Neuropsychological Characteristics of Preclinical Dementia in Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Jacobs, Diane
name: Marder, Karen
name: Cote, Lucien J.
name: Sano, Mary
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Neurology
Neuropsychology
Parkinson's disease--Patients
Dementia

description: The goal of this study was to characterize the changes in cognition associated with the earliest, or preclinical, stages of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD). We administered a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to a group of initially nondemented PD patients participating in a longitudinal community-based epidemiologic study. We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess the relative risk of incident dementia associated with baseline scores on the neuropsychological tests. Baseline performance on two verbal fluency tasks (letter fluency and category fluency) was significantly and independently associated with incident dementia. Tests of memory, orientation, abstract reasoning, naming, and constructional skill were less sensitive predictors of subsequent dementia. The neuropsychological pattern characterizing the preclinical stages of dementia in PD differed from that described previously in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Results suggest that poor performance on tests of verbal fluency may represent a distinct characteristic of the preclinical phase of dementia in PD.
GDI D1.2 Project communication strategy
Creators: name: Tseng, Zippy
name: Smith, Andrew
name: Westwick, Elaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomic Data Infrastructure
GDI
B1MG
1 Million Genomes Initiative
ELIXIR
Communication strategy

description: The GDI Project Communication Strategy provides guidance and resources to support the effective communication of the project. Its objective is to act as a reference point for all aspects of GDI communications, providing guidelines to partners internally, and harmonising communications to users externally. Through the document we present and discuss: Stakeholders, key messages and communication goals Communications channels Branding Communication assets Dissemination activities Evaluation
description: GDI project receives funding from the European Union's Digital Europe Programme under grant agreement number 101081813.
False positives in multiple regression : highlighting the consequences of measurement error in the independent variables
Creators: name: Shear, Benjamin Rogers
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Type I error rates in multiple regression, and hence the chance for false positive research findings in the literature, can be drastically inflated when the analyses include independent variables measured with error. Although the bias caused by random measurement error in multiple regression is widely recognized, there has been little discussion of the impact on hypothesis tests outside of the statistical literature. The primary purpose of this thesis is to raise awareness of the problem among methodologists and researchers by demonstrating, in a non-technical manner, the nature and extent of the inflation in Type I error rates for educational and psychological research contexts. This thesis uses computer simulations to demonstrate that, for commonly encountered scenarios, the Type I error rate in a multiple regression model where the independent variables are correlated and measured with random error can approach 1.0, even if the nominal Type I error rate is 0.05. Because nearly all quantitative data in educational and psychological research contain some level of random measurement error, and because multiple regression is one of the most widely used data analytic techniques, this problem should be a serious concern for methodologists and applied researchers. The most important factors causing the problem are summarized, and the implications for research and pedagogy are discussed.
title: Interactions between wild and farmed cod within a fjord in Norway
Creators: name: Stene, A.
name: Kennedy, J.
name: Barnung, T.
name: Hellebø, A.
name: Hemmingsen, W.
name: Rønneberg, J. E.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Cod (Gadus morhua) aquaculture facilities are common along the coast and within the fjords of Norway. Wild fish are found to aggregate around these facilities, probably to feed on the uneaten food which flows out of the cages. To examine the effects of this interaction between the wild and farmed cod, gillnets were set around the cages in order to catch these fish. The fish caught were examined for parasites, deformities, and the fatty acid profiles of the liver were analysed to examine the amount of aquaculture feed eaten by these fish. This was compared with cod caught in a neighbouring fjord where no aquaculture facility was present. Preliminary results show that the majority of the fish caught outside the cage were escapee farmed fish, as deduced from body shape, liver size, and pelvic fin length. These fish also consisted of over 85% females and showed a lower rate of deformities than the fish found within the cage, suggesting that fish with extreme deformities may not survive for long periods if they escape
Quantum Oscillations in a $π$-Striped Superconductor
Creators: name: Zelli, M.
name: Kallin, Catherine
name: Berlinsky, A. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory, a semiclassical approximation is used to study quantum oscillations and to determine the Fermi surface area associated with these oscillations in a model of a $π$-striped superconductor, where the d-wave superconducting order parameter oscillates spatially with period 8 and zero average value. This system has a non-zero density of particle-hole states at the Fermi energy, which form Landau-like levels in the presence of a magnetic field, B. The Fermi surface is reconstructed via Andreev-Bragg scattering, and the semiclassical motion is along these Fermi surface sections as well as between them via magnetic breakdown. Within the approximation, oscillations periodic in 1/B are found in both the positions and widths of the lowest Landau levels. The area corresponding to these quantum oscillations for intermediate pairing interaction strength is similar to that reported for experimental measurements in the cuprates. A comparison is made of this theory to data for quantum oscillations in the specific heat measured by Riggs et al.
description: 18 pages and 34 figures
title: Genomics of invasiveness of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in the context of its geographic expansion in Northern Europe
Creators: name: Rohfritsch, Audrey
name: Bierne, Nicolas
name: Boudry, Pierre
name: Huvet, Arnaud
name: Heurtebise, Serge
name: Cornette, Florence
name: Lapegue, Sylvie
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Originating from the northeastern Asia, the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been introduced and translocated, mainly for aquaculture purpose, into several European countries since the early 1970s. The invasive nature of this species has been observed during the last decade in several countries and it was therefore considered as a pest or a noxious species in those areas. In the framework of the national funded project ”Hiflo”, we aimed to identify the characteristics of such a flourishing species: can its success be explained by global warming only or is it linked to evolutionary processes, implying genetic adaptation of the species to novel environmental conditions? We developed a population genomics approach, known as a “genome scan”, which corresponds to the study of numerous loci spread through the genome to quantify the part of the genome affected by a molecular signature of adaptation. For the Pacific oyster, the genome scan was performed with hundreds of loci over a large number of genomic regions. We genotyped 16 populations, early or newly established. The first results indicate a differentiation between some northern populations and the others. Furthermore, a set of markers were detected as ”outliers” (i.e. potentially indicating local selection at these loci) and will be further studied based on sequence data in order to confirm their candidate role in adaptation. In parallel, a transcriptome approach is being initiated to investigate the level of local adaptation in northern European populations by comparing the transcription levels of candidate genes between newly and early established populations.
Effective Soft-Mode Theory of Strongly Interacting Fermions
Creators: name: Belitz, D.
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective field theory for clean electron systems is developed in analogy to the generalized nonlinear sigma-model for disordered interacting electrons. The physical goal is to separate the soft or massless electronic degrees of freedom from the massive ones and integrate out the latter to obtain a field theory in terms of the soft degrees of freedom only. The resulting theory is not perturbative with respect to the electron-electron interaction. It is controlled by means of a systematic loop expansion and allows for a renormalization-group analysis in a natural way. It is applicable to universal phenomena within phases, and to transitions between phases, with order parameters in arbitrary angular-momentum channels, and in the spin-singlet, spin-triplet, particle-hole, and particle-particle channels. Applications include ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic ordering, non-s-wave ferromagnetic order (magnetic nematics), Fermi-liquid to non-Fermi-liquid transitions, and universal phenomena within a Fermi-liquid phase.
description: 28pp, 5 figs; version corrects typos and other minor mistakes, adds references
fMRI Evidence of Compensatory Mechanisms in Older Adults at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer Disease [Response]
Creators: name: Scarmeas, Nikolaos
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Neurology

description: We read the recent article by Bondi et al. with great interest. The authors review previous studies suggesting that blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) brain responses during performance of memory tasks are of greater magnitude and more diffuse in patients with early Alzheimer disease (AD) than in normal older individuals. They also review previous studies demonstrating an increase in the intensity and extent of brain activation for non-demented E4 carriers.
Different Brain Networks Mediate Task Performance in Normal Aging and AD: Defining Compensation
Creators: name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Moeller, James R.
name: Anderson, Karen E.
name: Luber, Bruce
name: Zubin, Naomi R.
name: Dimauro, A.
name: Park, Aileen
name: Campbell, Carl E.
name: Marder, Karen
name: Van Heertum, Ronald L.
name: Sackeim, Harold A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Neurology
Alzheimer's disease
Aging
Brain

description: Objective: To determine whether the pathologic mechanisms of AD alter the brain networks subserving performance of a verbal recognition task. Background: Functional imaging studies comparing task-related activation in AD patients and controls generally have not used network analysis and have not controlled for task difficulty. Methods: H215O PET was used to measure regional cerebral blood flow in 14 patients and 11 healthy elders during the performance of a serial verbal recognition task under two conditions: low demand, with study list size (SLS) equal to one; and titrated demand, with SLS adjusted so that each subject recognized words at 75% accuracy. The Scaled Subprofile Model was used to identify networks of regionally covarying activity across these task conditions. Results: In the elders, higher SLS was associated with the recruitment of a network of brain areas involving left anterior cingulate and anterior insula (R2 = 0.94; p < 0.0001). Three patients also expressed this network. In the remaining patients, higher SLS was associated with the recruitment of an alternate network consisting of left posterior temporal cortex, calcarine cortex, posterior cingulate, and the vermis (R2 = 0.81, p < 0.001). Expression of this network was unrelated to SLS in the elders and more intact AD patients. Conclusions: The patients’ use of the alternate network may indicate compensation for processing deficits. The transition from the normal to the alternate network may indicate a point where brain disease has irreversibly altered brain function and thus may have important implications for therapeutic intervention.
title: How the efficient reproductive strategy of an alien species can lead to propose aninnovative biomass control strategy in a context of global warming?
Creators: name: Valdizan, Alexandra
name: Beninger, Peter G.
name: Cognie, Bruno
name: Decottignies, Priscilla
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The introduction of the marine gastropod Crepidula fornicata along the European coast is considered a major threat for both the ecology and economy of the colonized sites. This alien species heavily impacts the nature and structure of the habitat, creates local competition for resources and space with suspension-feeders of commercial interest, and disturbs both oyster farming and commercial fisheries relying on dredging. Despite many strategies applied to diminish its considerable biomass, C. fornicata stocks are still increasing. Proliferation and extension are consequences of its successful adaptation and of its reproduction. We have investigated the gametogenic cycle of C. fornicata in a mid-latitudinal macrotidal shellfish-farming bay within its European range (Bourgneuf Bay, France). Our results show an extremely efficient reproductive strategy, characterized by rapid fertilization of eggs in optimal environmental conditions and an extended brooding period. External fertilization of gametes and development of excapsulated embryos and larvae were also monitored. We propose an innovative strategy that does not present dissemination risks, and might be a possible solution to the biomass decrease of this alien species on European coasts. This destruction technique would consist of dredging, crushing, and on-site rejection.
Size and velocity-dispersion evolution of early-type galaxies in a Lambda cold dark matter universe
Creators: name: Nipoti, C.
name: Treu, T.
name: Leauthaud, A.
name: Bundy, K.
name: Newman, A. B.
name: Auger, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-type galaxies (ETGs) are observed to be more compact at z>2 than in the local Universe. Remarkably, much of this size evolution appears to take place in a short (1.8 Gyr) time span between z=2.2 and z=1.3, which poses a serious challenge to hierarchical galaxy formation models where mergers occurring on a similar timescale are the main mechanism for galaxy growth. We compute the merger-driven redshift evolution of stellar mass Mstar\propto(1+z)^aM, half-mass radius Re\propto(1+z)^aR and velocity-dispersion sigma0\propto(1+z)^asigma predicted by concordance Lambda cold dark matter for a typical massive ETG in the redshift range z=1.3-2.2. Neglecting dissipative processes, and thus maximizing evolution in surface density, we find -1.52. Furthermore, we find that the scatter introduced in the size-mass correlation by the predicted merger-driven growth is difficult to reconcile with the tightness of the observed scaling law. We conclude that - barring unknown systematics or selection biases in the current measurements - minor and major mergers with spheroids are not sufficient to explain the observed size growth of ETGs within the standard model.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, matching version published in MNRAS. Corrected plots in Figs 6, 7 and 8 with respect to previous version
Reconstructing the quantum state of oscillator networks with a single qubit
Creators: name: Tufarelli, Tommaso
name: Ferraro, Alessandro
name: Kim, M. S.
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a scheme to reconstruct arbitrary states of networks composed of quantum oscillators--e.g., the motional state of trapped ions or the radiation state of coupled cavities. The scheme uses minimal resources, in the sense that it i) requires only the interaction between one-qubit probe and one constituent of the network; ii) provides the reconstructed state directly from the data, avoiding any tomographic transformation; iii) involves the tuning of only one coupling parameter. In addition, we show that a number of quantum properties can be extracted without full reconstruction of the state. The scheme can be used for probing quantum simulations of anharmonic many-body systems and quantum computations with continuous variables. Experimental implementation with trapped ions is also discussed and shown to be within reach of current technology.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures