cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Female monsters and monstrous females : readings of monstrosity in Statius’ Thebaid
Creators: name: Duroe, IJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: In the early stages of the Thebaid, Statius provides graphic descriptions of three female monsters: in book 1 the Fury Tisiphone and the hybrid snake-woman Apollo sends against Argos; and in book 2 the Theban Sphinx. In their wake, the poem contains several further representations threatening femininity which evoke these monsters in language, imagery, and theme. Not only representing the troubled and troubling women of the Theban household, Statius infuses his epic with images of disturbing femininity seemingly disconnected from the Theban mythological cycle, namely Thessalian witches (implicitly, Lucan’s witch, Erichtho) in book 3, and the Lemnian murderesses in book 5. While recent Statian scholarship has examined the representation of femininity in the Thebaid with a view to unpacking the ambiguous, often threatening portrayals of female grief in the poem, studies have often separated the theme of femininity from that of monstrosity. Utilising aspects of the developing field of monster studies (recently brought into contact with Classics by Lowe (2015), Felton (2012), and Murgatroyd (2007)), this thesis analyses the textual and cultural significance of Statius’ ‘monstrous-feminine’. In Chapter 1 I argue that Statius’ three female monsters appear early in the text not only to portend the violent horrors about to unfold and signify the chthonic powers that dominate the epic, but also to embody physical and behavioural transgression and disorder, giving these themes a particularly feminine edge that overshadows the subsequent characterisations of prominent females in the text, and establishes Statius’ own version of the monstrous-feminine. In Chapter 2 I argue that female figures such as the Theban mothers Ide and Jocasta, along with Argia and the Argive mourners, and the Lemnian women of book 5 are connected to the theme of monstrosity in the poem, and vital to a pervasive anxiety within the epic that relates to maternity, cyclicality, and regression. In Chapter 3 I argue that, in his formulation and utilisation of monstrosity, Statius employs archaic (but nevertheless prevalent) tropes of misogyny to create an epic overwhelmed by a feminine horror that speaks to Flavian anxieties regarding regression and repetition, and broader Roman anxieties relating to power, gender, the body, and identity.
(500518) Thomas Crozier
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Higgs-Zeno Gravity: Dark Matter as Measurement-Induced Spacetime Memory
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: We present a complete framework unifying quantum measurement dynamics with general relativity through the Higgs-Zeno mechanism. **Dark matter is shown to emerge as spacetime curvaturememory** - a self-reinforcing gravitational effect from historical quantum measurements. The theoryresolves key observational puzzles without dark matter particles:• Galactic rotation curves via measurement-stabilized spiral spacetime (∆vpred/∆vobs < 5%)• Bullet Cluster lensing through measurement-decoupled curvature memory (KS test p = 0.62)• Large-scale structure formation via entanglement-regulated spacetime feedback**Novel predictions include**: Quantum spacetime echo signatures in gravitational waves (LISASNR ¿ 5), Zeno-suppressed black hole evaporation (ΓZeno/ΓHawking = 0.0032 ± 0.0004), andmeasurement-induced CMB anomalies. This work establishes **quantum measurement as fundamental to spacetime structure**.

AcknowledgementsThe author acknowledges the use of OpenAI's ChatGPT and DeepSeek as assistive tools in the development of ideas, refinement of theoretical models, and support in drafting and editing the manuscript. The AI was employed for brainstorming, language polishing, diagram suggestions, and exploring mathematical formulations, with all conceptual direction and final interpretations guided by the author.
A Hardy-Littlewood Maximal Operator Adapted to the Harmonic Oscillator
Creators: name: Bailey, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper constructs a Hardy-Littlewood type maximal operator adapted to the Schrödinger operator $\mathcal{L} := -Δ+ |x|^{2}$ acting on $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$. It achieves this through the use of the Gaussian grid $Δ^γ_{0}$, constructed by J. Maas, J. van Neerven and P. Portal with the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator in mind. At the scale of this grid, this maximal operator will resemble the classical Hardy-Littlewood operator. At a larger scale, the cubes of the maximal function are decomposed into cubes from $Δ^γ_{0}$ and weighted appropriately. Through this maximal function, a new class of weights is defined, $A_{p}^{+}$, with the property that for any $w \in A_{p}^{+}$, the heat maximal operator associated with $\mathcal{L}$ is bounded from $L^{p}(w)$ to itself. This class contains any other known class that possesses this property. In particular, it is strictly larger than $A_{p}$.
The $B-L$ Scotogenic Models for Dirac Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Wang, Weijian
name: Wang, Ronghui
name: Han, Zhi-Long
name: Han, Jin-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the one-loop and two-loop scotogenic models for Dirac neutrino mass generation in the context of $U(1)_{B-L}$ extensions of standard model. It is indicated that the total number of intermediate fermion singlets is uniquely fixed by anomaly free condition and the new particles may have exotic $B-L$ charges so that the direct SM Yukawa mass term $\barν_Lν_R\overline{ϕ^0}$ and the Majorana mass term $(m_N/2)\overline{ν_R^C}ν_R$ are naturally forbidden. After the spontaneous breaking of $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry, the discrete $Z_{2}$ or $Z_{3}$ symmetry appears as the residual symmetry and give rise to the stability of intermediated fields as DM candidate. Phenomenological aspects of lepton flavor violation, DM, leptogenesis and LHC signatures are discussed.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures
The topology of critical processes, I (Processes and Models)
Creators: name: Grandis, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M (Primary) 55P, 55U, 74N, 68Q85 (Secondary)

description: This article belongs to a subject, Directed Algebraic Topology, whose general aim is including non-reversible processes in the range of topology and algebraic topology. Here, as a further step, we also want to cover "critical processes", indivisible and unstoppable. This introductory article is devoted to fixing the new framework and representing processes of diverse domains, with minimal mathematical prerequisites. The fundamental category and singular homology in the present setting will be dealt with in a sequel.
description: 23 pages
Stationary coalescing walks on the lattice
Creators: name: Chaika, Jon
name: Krishnan, Arjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05, 37A50, 60K35, 60K37

description: We consider translation invariant measures on families of nearest-neighbor semi-infinite walks on the integer lattice. We assume that once walks meet, they coalesce. In $2d$, we classify the collective behavior of these walks under mild assumptions: they either coalesce almost surely or form bi-infinite trajectories. Bi-infinite trajectories form measure-preserving dynamical systems, have a common asymptotic direction in $2d$, and possess other nice properties. We use our theory to classify the behavior of compatible families of semi-infinite geodesics in stationary first- and last-passage percolation. We also partially answer a question raised by C. Hoffman about the limiting empirical measure of weights seen by geodesics. We construct several examples: our main example is a standard first-passage percolation model where geodesics coalesce almost surely, but have no asymptotic direction or average weight.
description: Accepted to Probability Theory and Related Fields. Final version. Fixed several typos, Probab. Theory Relat. Fields (2018)
(500519) Adam Taylor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nonequilibrium DMFT approach to time-resolved Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Eckstein, Martin
name: Tsuji, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman spectroscopy uses light scattering to extract information on low-energy excitations of solids. The Raman process is described by diagrams which are fourth order in the light-matter interaction, and in particular the resonant contribution, which involves four different space-time arguments, is difficult to evaluate. If one instead simulates explicitly the incoming (classical) light pulse, the Raman signal is given by the outgoing photon flux and can be determined from a two-point correlation function. Such a formalism can be used to compute the time-resolved Raman spectrum of non-equilibrium systems, as well as nonlinear signals which are higher order in the incoming field, such as hyper Raman scattering. Here we explain how to implement this time-dependent formalism within the dynamical mean field theory framework. The method is illustrated with applications to the Holstein-Hubbard model in the strong electron-phonon coupling regime. We demonstrate hyper Raman scattering in measurements with strong probe fields and frequency mixing signals in the presence of a pump field, and simulate the evolution of Stokes and anti-Stokes features after photo-excitations of metallic and Mott insulating systems.
(500520) Isabella Houlson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Wave propagation across interfaces induced by different interaction exponents in ordered and disordered Hertz-like granular chains
Creators: name: Kekić, Armin
name: Van Gorder, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study solitary wave propagation in 1D granular crystals with Hertz-like interaction potentials. We consider interfaces between media with different exponents in the interaction potential. For an interface with increasing interaction potential exponent along the propagation direction we obtain mainly transmission with delayed secondary transmitted and reflected pulses. For interfaces with decreasing interaction potential exponent we observe both significant reflection and transmission of the solitary wave, where the transmitted part of the wave forms a multipulse structure. We also investigate impurities consisting of beads with different interaction exponents compared to the media they are embedded in, and we find that the impurities cause both reflection and transmission, including the formation of multipulse structures, independent of whether the exponent in the impurities is smaller than in the surrounding media. We explain wave propagation effects at interfaces and impurities in terms of quasi-particle collisions. Next we consider wave propagation along Hertz-like granular chains of beads in the presence of disorder and periodicity in the interaction exponents present in the Hertz-like potential, modelling, for instance, inhomogeneity in the contact geometry between beads in the granular chain. We find that solitary waves in media with randomised interaction exponents (which models disorder in the contact geometry) experience exponential decay, where the dependence of the decay rate is similar to the case of randomised bead masses. In the periodic case of chains with interaction exponents alternating between two fixed values, we find qualitatively different propagation properties depending on the choice of the two exponents. In particular, we find regimes with either exponential decay or stable solitary wave propagation with pairwise collective behaviour.
description: 33 pages, 28 figures
Effect of Feedback between Environment and Finite Population
Creators: name: Han, Jia-Xu
name: Wang, Rui-Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Natural selection imply that any organisms including human being will evolve to improve its fitness advantage and the selected genotype or phenotype in equilibrium state will not vary over the time. However, evolutionary process of biological organisms in reality is greatly affected by the environmental change and historical accidents. In this research, we construct a co-evolutionary system to investigate the impact of species-environment feedback. When we talk about an invasion species or mutation, positive feedback is detrimental to the success of the invasion because positive feedback benefits a large number of individuals, whereas negative feedback benefits the invasion because negative feedback disadvantages a large number of individuals. In the case of a competition between two species with initially equal numbers of individuals, both positive and negative feedback will favor the species with low fitness, increasing its chances of taking over the whole population. The reason for this is that feedback allows initially inferior species to have greater fitness than initially dominating species in the early stages, emphasizing the importance of early random accident. Our findings emphasize the significance of the evolutionary path driven by species-environment feedback.
Quantum retrodiction in Gaussian systems and applications in optomechanics
Creators: name: Lammers, Jonas
name: Hammerer, Klemens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What knowledge can be obtained from the record of a continuous measurement about the quantum state the measured system was in at the beginning of the measurement? The task of quantum state retrodiction, the inverse of the more common state prediction, is rigorously and elegantly addressed in quantum measurement theory through retrodictive Positive Operator Valued Measures. This article provides an introduction to this general framework, presents its practical formulation for retrodicting Gaussian quantum states using continuous-time homodyne measurements, and applies it to optomechanical systems. We identify and characterise achievable retrodictive POVMs in common optomechanical operating modes with resonant or off-resonant driving fields and specific choices of local oscillator frequencies in homodyne detection. In particular, we demonstrate the possibility of a near-ideal measurement of the quadrature of the mechanical oscillator, giving direct access to the position or momentum distribution of the oscillator at a given time. This forms the basis for complete quantum state tomography, albeit in a destructive manner.
description: 19+11 pages
Quantum marginals from pure doubly excited states
Creators: name: Maciazek, Tomasz
name: Tsanov, Valdemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The possible spectra of one-particle reduced density matrices that are compatible with a pure multipartite quantum system of finite dimension form a convex polytope. We introduce a new construction of inner- and outer-bounding polytopes that constrain the polytope for the entire quantum system. The outer bound is sharp. The inner polytope stems only from doubly excited states. We find all quantum systems, where the bounds coincide giving the entire polytope. We show, that those systems are: i) any system of two particles ii) $L$ qubits, iii) three fermions on $N\leq 7$ levels, iv) any number of bosons on any number of levels and v) fermionic Fock space on $N\leq 5$ levels. The methods we use come from symplectic geometry and representation theory of compact Lie groups. In particular, we study the images of proper momentum maps, where our method describes momentum images for all representations that are spherical.
description: 35 pages, 2 figures
Έμφυλη Βία / Κακοποίηση Γυναικών / Ποινική Διαδικασία / Ο ρόλος του Εισαγγελέα
Creators: name: Δόγκα, Αριστοτέλεια Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Έμφυλη βία
Γυναικοκτονία
Ο ρόλος του Εισαγγελέα
Gender-based violence
Femicide
The role of the Prosecutor

description: Στο παρόν πόνημα γίνεται μια προσπάθεια σκιαγράφησης της έμφυλης βίας, αρχικά σαν ένα παγκόσμια διαχρονικό συστημικό φαινόμενο, το οποίο πλήττει κυρίως τις γυναίκες, αλλά και τις ευπαθείς ομάδες στο σύνολό τους. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται αναφορά στα είδη της έμφυλης βίας (με έμφαση στη γυναικοκτονία), αναζητούνται τα αίτια και χαρτογραφούνται οι συνέπειες στην κοινωνική σφαίρα. Αυτά αποτελούν το απαραίτητο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο για την παρουσίαση του νομικού πλαισίου που αφορά την έμφυλη βία και την κακοποίηση των γυναικών σε Ευρωπαϊκό και εθνικό επίπεδο. Στόχος είναι η ανάδειξη του ρόλου και των αρμοδιοτήτων του Εισαγγελέα στη διαχείριση του φαινομένου, και η προσπάθεια καταγραφής προτάσεων που αποπνέουν από την δικαιική εμπειρία της γράφουσας ως δικαστικής λειτουργού. Κλείνοντας, στο εγχείρημα συμπεραίνεται πως βασικό εργαλείο για τη νομική και τη δικαστική αντιμετώπιση της κακοποίησης των γυναικών, καθώς και τη βέλτιστη απονομή δικαιοσύνης είναι η θέσπιση της ορολογίας που θέτει και αναλύει το φαινόμενο ως προϊόν των ιστορικών και πολιτισμικών συνθηκών της εποχής του
description: In this paper, an attempt is made to outline gender-based violence, initially as a worldwide systemic phenomenon, which mainly affects women, but also vulnerable groups as a whole. Then the types of gender-based violence (especially femicide) are mentioned, the causes are sought and the consequences are mapped in the social sphere. These constitute the necessary theoretical framework for the presentation of the legal framework concerning gender-based violence and the abuse of women at the European and national level. The aim is to highlight the role and responsibilities of the Prosecutor concerning violence against women, and the attempt to make proposals that exude from the legal experience of the writer as a judicial officer. In conclusion, the project concludes that a key tool for the legal and judicial treatment of the abuse of women, as well as the optimal administration of justice, is the establishment of the terminology that posits and analyzes the phenomenon as a product of the historical and cultural conditions of its time
Group actions on quiver varieties and applications
Creators: name: Hoskins, Victoria
name: Schaffhauser, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14L24

description: We study algebraic actions of finite groups of quiver automorphisms on moduli spaces of quiver representations. We decompose the fixed loci using group cohomology and we give a modular interpretation of each component. As an application, we construct branes in hyperkaehler quiver varieties, as fixed loci of such actions.
description: To appear in the International Journal of Mathematics
Evolution of chirality in a multiphoton pair production process
Creators: name: Yu, Chengpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent years, multiphoton pair production has become one of the most promising approaches to investigate the Schwinger effect. However, the production and evolution of chirality, a key topic in the study of this effect, has not been thoroughly considered in the context of multiphoton pair production. In this work, as the first step of filling this gap, we used the Dirac-Heisenberg-Wigner formalism to study the production and evolution of chirality in vacuum under the excitation of the spatially homogeneous electric and magnetic fields $\mathbf{E}(t)$ and $\mathbf{B}(t)$ that satisfy $\mathbf{E}(t)\parallel\mathbf{B}(t)$ and are only nonzero in a short time span $0
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; revised based on the journal version of this article
Particle propagation on spacetime manifolds with static defects
Creators: name: Queiruga, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of small static defects in the spacetime manifold. The presence of the defects leads to a modification of the scalar field two-point function in Klein-Gordon theory. We calculate the energy-momentum tensor and discuss the possible mass generation for the scalar field in single and multiple defect spacetimes. We also extend these results to the photon field and show that, as a result of the interaction with the defects, the photon dispersion relations are modified.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, improved discussion, appendix added and minor corrections, version to appear in J.Phys.A
(500521) Richard Hodgson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Algebras of Quasi-Plücker Coordinates are Koszul
Creators: name: Laugwitz, Robert
name: Retakh, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16S37, Secondary 15A15

description: Motivated by the theory of quasi-determinants, we study non-commutative algebras of quasi-Plücker coordinates. We prove that these algebras provide new examples of non-homogeneous quadratic Koszul algebras by showing that their quadratic duals have quadratic Gröbner bases.
description: 15 pages, AMS tex, tikz figures. V2: small corrections based on referee report. V3: Further minor changes. To appear in J. Pure Appl. Algebra
A hybrid model for the population dynamics of periodical cicadas
Creators: name: Machta, Jon
name: Blackwood, Julie
name: Noble, Andrew
name: Liebhold, Andrew
name: Hastings, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In addition to their unusually long life cycle, periodical cicadas, {\it Magicicada} spp., provide an exceptional example of spatially synchronized life stage phenology in nature. Within regions ("broods") spanning 50,000 to 500,000 km$^2$, adults emerge synchronously every 13 or 17 years. While satiation of avian predators is believed to be a key component of the ability of these populations to reach high densities, it is not clear why populations at a single location remain entirely synchronized. We develop nonlinear Leslie matrix-type models of periodical cicadas that include predation-driven Allee effects and competition in addition to reproduction and survival. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, we demonstrate the observed presence of a single brood critically depends on the relationship between fecundity, competition, and predation. We analyze the single-brood, two-brood and all-brood equilibria in the large life-span limit using a tractable hybrid approximation to the Leslie matrix model with continuous time competition in between discrete reproduction events. Within the hybrid model we prove that the single-brood equilibrium is the only stable equilibrium. This hybrid model allows us to quantitatively predict population sizes and the range of parameters for which the stable single-brood and unstable two-brood and all-brood equilibria exist. The hybrid model yields a good approximation to the numerical results for the Leslie matrix model for the biologically relevant case of a 17-year lifespan.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, v3 contains a general proof of the instability of multi-brood steady states
The Space Sustainability Paradox
Creators: name: Wilson, Andrew Ross
name: Vasile, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: E.0
subject: 00

description: The recent growth of the space sector, spurred by a surge in private actors, has led to a sharp increase in our ability to address societal challenges through space data. However, this has exacerbated an already critical situation in space: the proliferation of space debris and a critical expansion of space traffic which is leading to high levels of orbital congestion. In parallel, increased levels of spacecraft production and orbital launches are also heightening the environmental footprint of the sector. This might lead to a paradoxical situation whereby the use of space to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) becomes unsustainable from the perspective of both the Earth and space environment. This situation can be described as the space sustainability paradox. This paper presents this concept for the first time and argues that existing policies and remediation actions are not a long-term sustainable solution for tackling this issue and may actually intensify the problem. This places an added importance upon addressing space sustainability in a more coherent, strategic and responsible manner, potentially based on the doughnut economic model of social and planetary boundaries. Doing so may prevent the sector from falling victim to a tragedy of the commons type of scenario and avoid negative trends from becoming the norm. As a result, this would ensure that outer space can continue to be used by future generations to address societal challenges, without priming severe and enduring damage to the Earth and space environment.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
On the exactness of soft theorems
Creators: name: Guerrieri, Andrea L.
name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Li, Zhi-Zhong
name: Wen, Congkao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft behaviours of S-matrix for massless theories reflect the underlying symmetry principle that enforces its masslessness. As an expansion in soft momenta, sub-leading soft theorems can arise either due to (I) unique structure of the fundamental vertex or (II) presence of enhanced broken-symmetries. While the former is expected to be modified by infrared or ultraviolet divergences, the latter should remain exact to all orders in perturbation theory. Using current algebra, we clarify such distinction for spontaneously broken (super) Poincaré and (super) conformal symmetry. We compute the UV divergences of DBI, conformal DBI, and A-V theory to verify the exactness of type (II) soft theorems, while type (I) are shown to be broken and the soft-modifying higher-dimensional operators are identified. As further evidence for the exactness of type (II) soft theorems, we consider the alpha' expansion of both super and bosonic open strings amplitudes, and verify the validity of the translation symmetry breaking soft-theorems up to O(alpha'^6). Thus the massless S-matrix of string theory "knows" about the presence of D-branes.
description: 35 pages. Additional mathematica note book with the UV-divergenece of the 6-point amplitude in AV/KS theory
(500522) Martha Thompson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Using electronic tagging data to investigate the individual-, population- and community-level consequences of movement in free-roaming marine fish
Creators: name: Griffiths, CA
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Tagging studies are now commonplace in ecology. Technological advances in telemetry devices have revolutionised our ability to track the movements of individual animals over vast spatial scales. This is especially true in marine ecology, where animals move through a world that is otherwise unobservable. The aim of many tagging studies is that by understanding the movements of the few we might gain some meaningful inference about the movements of the many, with clear consequences for conservation and management. Achieving this aim requires the scaling of inferences from the individual-to the population- and community-levels. Concentrating on the movements of marine fish, this scaling process forms the rationale behind this thesis. I start at the individual-level by investigating how movement influences stock structure and patterns of space use, with important implications for stock recovery. At the population-level, I introduce a novel method for behavioural classification, which addresses issues surrounding individual variation by assuming that individuals of the same species share two broad behavioural modes. Application of this method to the movements of two commercially important species reveals clear spatio-temporal patterns, as fish switch their horizontal and vertical activity levels on a seasonal basis. I step towards the community-level by first scrutinising the scaling relationship between body size and movement in marine fish before applying the findings to a dynamic size- structured community model. I show how changes to the underlying assumptions surrounding movement have large emergent consequences for community structure, species coexistence and fisheries yield. Marine tagging studies are currently underutilised by conservation and management, owing to small sample sizes, variations in data quality and a lack of methods for the scaling up of inference. Here I provide a body of work that tackles these issues and more generally demonstrates the importance of movement to our understanding of fish populations and marine communities.
Using Saliency and Cropping to Improve Video Memorability
Creators: name: Mudgal, Vaibhav
name: Wang, Qingyang
name: Sweeney, Lorin
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video memorability is a measure of how likely a particular video is to be remembered by a viewer when that viewer has no emotional connection with the video content. It is an important characteristic as videos that are more memorable are more likely to be shared, viewed, and discussed. This paper presents results of a series of experiments where we improved the memorability of a video by selectively cropping frames based on image saliency. We present results of a basic fixed cropping as well as the results from dynamic cropping where both the size of the crop and the position of the crop within the frame, move as the video is played and saliency is tracked. Our results indicate that especially for videos of low initial memorability, the memorability score can be improved.
description: 12 pages
Probing a scale dependent gravitational slip with galaxy strong lensing systems
Creators: name: Guerrini, Sacha
name: Mörtsell, Edvard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lensing systems enable unique tests of departures from general relativity at the kpc-Mpc scale. In this work, the gravitational slip parameter $γ_{\rm PN}$, measuring the amplitude of a hypothetical fifth force, is constrained using 130 elliptical galaxy lens systems. We implement a lens model with a power-law total mass density and a deprojected De Vaucouleurs luminosity density, favored over a power-law luminosity density. To break the degeneracy between the lens velocity anisotropy, $β$, and the gravitational slip, we introduce a new prior on the velocity anisotropy based on recent dynamical data. For a constant gravitational slip, we find $γ_{\rm PN}=0.90^{+0.18}_{-0.14}$ in agreement with general relativity at the 68\% confidence level. Introducing a Compton wavelength $λ_g$, effectively screening the fifth force at small and large scales, the best fit is obtained for $λ_g \sim 0.2$ Mpc and $γ_{\rm PN} = 0.77^{+0.25}_{-0.14}$. A local minimum is found at $λ_g \sim 100$ Mpc and $γ_{\rm PN}=0.56^{0.45}_{-0.35}$. We conclude that there is no evidence in the data for a significant departure from general relativity and that using accurate assumptions and having good constraints on the lens galaxy model is key to ensure reliable constraints on the gravitational slip.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: Dwelling in the private rental sector : older women, housing security and the experience of home
Creators: name: Zappia, GM
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: As Australia’s population ages, the demand for housing in the private rental sector is expected to increase. Yet, private renting continues to be a problematic tenure that has proved difficult to regulate. Households subsisting on income support payments – Newstart Allowance, Age Pension and Disability Support Pension – are particularly vulnerable to the vagaries of the tenure. Empirical research has drawn attention to the fragile housing circumstances of women who are ageing in the private rental sector and it is claimed that this distinct group are at risk of experiencing first-time homelessness. This thesis contributes to the nascent research by exploring how older women who are renting achieve housing security and experience ‘home’. Pierre Bourdieu’s (1990a) ‘theory of practice’ is used as a heuristic framework for understanding how women renters embody the tenured dwelling (space) to the experience of ‘home’ (place) and for exploring their socialised subjectivities. Analysis of interviews undertaken establishes how ‘home’ is best understood as a feature of the ‘field’ (the Australian housing system). I argue that the women strive to affect housing security and positive experiences of ‘home’ by negotiating the possibilities and constraints of their position as long-term renters. I claim that the women’s capacities for influencing ‘home’ (the embodied place), social identities (as long-term renters), privacy (in the tenured dwelling) and choice (to affect future housing circumstances) determines their achievement of housing security. The conclusion is that the capacities of older women renters to affect their housing pathways are shaped by the interplay between broader structural conditions and the ‘habitus’ of a social milieu.
The first-year shear catalog of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey
Creators: name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: Hamana, Takashi
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Simet, Melanie
name: Armstrong, Robert
name: Bosch, James
name: Murata, Ryoma
name: Lanusse, François
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Coupon, Jean
name: More, Surhud
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Miyazaki, Satoshi
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Sifón, Cristóbal
name: Huang, Song
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
name: Medezinski, Elinor
name: Okura, Yuki
name: Okabe, Nobuhiro
name: Czakon, Nicole
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Coulton, Will
name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Utsumi, Yousuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and characterize the catalog of galaxy shape measurements that will be used for cosmological weak lensing measurements in the Wide layer of the first year of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The catalog covers an area of 136.9 deg$^2$ split into six fields, with a mean $i$-band seeing of $0.58$ arcsec and $5σ$ point-source depth of $i\sim 26$. Given conservative galaxy selection criteria for first year science, the depth and excellent image quality results in unweighted and weighted source number densities of 24.6 and 21.8 arcmin$^{-2}$, respectively. We define the requirements for cosmological weak lensing science with this catalog, then focus on characterizing potential systematics in the catalog using a series of internal null tests for problems with point-spread function (PSF) modeling, shear estimation, and other aspects of the image processing. We find that the PSF models narrowly meet requirements for weak lensing science with this catalog, with fractional PSF model size residuals of approximately $0.003$ (requirement: 0.004) and the PSF model shape correlation function $ρ_1<3\times 10^{-7}$ (requirement: $4\times 10^{-7}$) at 0.5$^\circ$ scales. A variety of galaxy shape-related null tests are statistically consistent with zero, but star-galaxy shape correlations reveal additive systematics on $>1^\circ$ scales that are sufficiently large as to require mitigation in cosmic shear measurements. Finally, we discuss the dominant systematics and the planned algorithmic changes to reduce them in future data reductions.
description: 42 figures, 4 tables, v3 matches accepted version that will be published in PASJ (minor changes from v2). For high-resolution figures and cross-references with other HSC articles that will be in the same PASJ issue, please see the published version of the article
(500523) Robert Anderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
E(2)-Equivariant Graph Planning for Navigation
Creators: name: Zhao, Linfeng
name: Li, Hongyu
name: Padir, Taskin
name: Jiang, Huaizu
name: Wong, Lawson L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning for robot navigation presents a critical and challenging task. The scarcity and costliness of real-world datasets necessitate efficient learning approaches. In this letter, we exploit Euclidean symmetry in planning for 2D navigation, which originates from Euclidean transformations between reference frames and enables parameter sharing. To address the challenges of unstructured environments, we formulate the navigation problem as planning on a geometric graph and develop an equivariant message passing network to perform value iteration. Furthermore, to handle multi-camera input, we propose a learnable equivariant layer to lift features to a desired space. We conduct comprehensive evaluations across five diverse tasks encompassing structured and unstructured environments, along with maps of known and unknown, given point goals or semantic goals. Our experiments confirm the substantial benefits on training efficiency, stability, and generalization. More details can be found at the project website: https://lhy.xyz/e2-planning/.
description: Accepted by RA-L
Determining cosmological-model-independent $H_0$ and post-Newtonian parameter with time-delay lenses and supernovae
Creators: name: Liu, Tonghua
name: Liao, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lensing provides a natural opportunity to test General Relativity (GR). We propose a model-independent method for simultaneous constraining on Hubble constant ($H_0$) and post-Newtonian parameter (${γ_{\rm{PPN}}}$) using strong lensing systems and observational SNe Ia. The time-delay measurements from strong lesning can directly determine the Hubble constant, and the lens distance inferred from the spectroscopic measurement of the stellar kinematics of the deflector galaxy can help us to constrain the post-Newtonian parameter. We seek the Pantheon dataset and reconstruct unanchored distances using Gaussian process regression to achieve the cosmological model-independent GR testing instead of assuming a specific model, which can reduce possible bias on GR testing and measurement of Hubble constant. Combining the reconstructed unanchored distances and the four H0LiCOW lenses datasets, our results are $H_0=72.9^{+2.0}_{-2.3} {\mathrm{~km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}}$ and ${γ_{\rm{PPN}}}=0.89^{+0.17}_{-0.15}$. All the lenses show that there is no obvious evidence to support GR deviation within observational uncertainties. In the subsequent analysis, we consider a ratio of distance ${D_{Δt}}/{D^{'}_{d}}$ method to further avoid the influence of $H_0$ on GR testing. The results show that, except J1206 within the $\sim1.2σ$ observational uncertainty, the remaining 3 lenses support GR holds within the $1σ$ observational uncertainties.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Reinforcement Learning Using Quantum Boltzmann Machines
Creators: name: Crawford, Daniel
name: Levit, Anna
name: Ghadermarzy, Navid
name: Oberoi, Jaspreet S.
name: Ronagh, Pooya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate whether quantum annealers with select chip layouts can outperform classical computers in reinforcement learning tasks. We associate a transverse field Ising spin Hamiltonian with a layout of qubits similar to that of a deep Boltzmann machine (DBM) and use simulated quantum annealing (SQA) to numerically simulate quantum sampling from this system. We design a reinforcement learning algorithm in which the set of visible nodes representing the states and actions of an optimal policy are the first and last layers of the deep network. In absence of a transverse field, our simulations show that DBMs are trained more effectively than restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) with the same number of nodes. We then develop a framework for training the network as a quantum Boltzmann machine (QBM) in the presence of a significant transverse field for reinforcement learning. This method also outperforms the reinforcement learning method that uses RBMs.
Classical gluon and graviton radiation from the bi-adjoint scalar double copy
Creators: name: Goldberger, Walter D.
name: Prabhu, Siddharth G.
name: Thompson, Jedidiah O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find double copy relations between classical radiating solutions in Yang-Mills theory coupled to dynamical color charges and their counterparts in a cubic bi-adjoint scalar field theory which interacts linearly with particles carrying bi-adjoint charge. The particular color-to-kinematics replacements we employ are motivated by the BCJ double copy correspondence for on-shell amplitudes in gauge and gravity theories. They are identical to those recently used to establish relations between classical radiating solutions in gauge theory and in dilaton gravity. Our explicit bi-adjoint solutions are constructed to second order in a perturbative expansion, and map under the double copy onto gauge theory solutions which involve at most cubic gluon self-interactions. If the correspondence is found to persist to higher orders in perturbation theory, our results suggest the possibility of calculating gravitational radiation from colliding compact objects, directly from a scalar field with vastly simpler (purely cubic) Feynman vertices.
description: 9+2 pages, 1 figure. v3: Added an appendix. Published version