cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cash ou information ? Changer le comportement parental en faveur du développement infantile précoce au Nicaragua.
Creators: name: Macours, Karen
name: Macours, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy
International Development

description: Dans de nombreux pays, les jeunes enfants souffrent de retards importants dans le développement cognitif précoce. Ceci peut sérieusement nuire à leur réussite en tant qu’adulte, en partie parce que les investissements dans la scolarité et autres dimensions du capital humain seront moins rentables si les enfants n’ont pas les niveaux d’aptitude cognitive et sociale requis avant d’entrer à l’école. Comprendre les causes de ces retards et identifier les moyens à mettre en oeuvre pour les corriger sont une des priorités pour la recherche. Les résultats d’une série de tests d’évaluation au Nicaragua suggèrent que, au-delà des transferts d’argent, des interventions qui arrivent à changer le comportement des parents peuvent avoir des effets durables sur le long terme.
Tax policy and tax avoidance : the general anti-avoidance rule from a tax policy perspective
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael Brendan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: From a tax policy perspective, tax avoidance creates serious problems by undermining the key objectives and features of a good tax system. Therefore, most advanced tax systems attempt to restrain abusive tax avoidance. The General Anti-Avoidance Rule (the "GAAR") is the primary Canadian control on tax avoidance in the income tax context. Despite the presence of a statutory GAAR, however, Canadian tax law struggles to clearly and consistently identify abusive tax avoidance and to distinguish it from legitimate tax mitigation. In this thesis, the author proposes a theoretical framework for identifying abusive tax avoidance and for controlling it using the GAAR. The tax system is of central importance in democracies like Canada, and certain values linked to equity, fairness, and the rule of law must be respected in distinguishing between tax avoidance and tax mitigation. Drawing on common approaches to identifying tax avoidance, the thesis proposes its own theoretical approach from a tax policy perspective. Courts in other jurisdictions have adopted a variety of judicial doctrines aimed at controlling tax avoidance, such as the business purpose test, the step transaction doctrine, an economic substance analysis, and the abuse of rights doctrine. Canadian courts confronting tax avoidance have declined to adopt any such doctrines as a matter of statutory interpretation. The GAAR is intended to mandate a break from the Canadian interpretive tradition. The GAAR creates a three-step framework to identifying tax avoidance - tax benefit, avoidance transaction, and misuse or abuse. Those concepts are related to the theoretical approaches and anti-avoidance doctrines reviewed in this thesis. The author suggests that the GAAR can be applied in a manner that preserves ideal tax policy outcomes in tax avoidance cases. The thesis examines real tax avoidance scenarios in which Canadian courts have resisted applying the GAAR - a circular financing sale-leaseback transaction, and surplus stripping. The thesis argues that these transactions are indeed abusive when viewed in terms of the theory proposed, and that Canadian courts have made key errors in applying the GAAR.
title: Sustainable water use in agriculture: the potential of wastewater
Creators: name: Della Pietra, Lisa
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: wastewater reuse
subject: agriculture
subject: irrigation water demand
subject: water scarcity
subject: sustainability

description: The natural water cycle is finding it harder to keep up with rising water demand due to population growth, climate change, increased urbanization and life-style changes. With rising water scarcity levels across the globe, new water sources like treated wastewater will be key for ensuring future sustainability. Since agriculture is the biggest global consumer of freshwater, its potential for alleviating water stress should be harnessed. For this reason, a quantitative analysis of secondary data was elaborated in this thesis. Firstly, the supply side was analysed to look at quantifying global treated wastewater production potential via municipal water withdrawal and access to improved sanitation. Secondly, this data was paired with the irrigation water demand of the three most popular dry cereal crops to estimate wastewater irrigation potential for 127 countries. While the biggest treated wastewater production potential was found in highly populated countries with high access to sanitation, the highest irrigation potential was found in countries with medium irrigation water demands and elevated amounts of treated wastewater production. Combining the calculated total irrigation demand and total treated wastewater production potential, this paper finds that treated wastewater irrigation could on average make up for almost 66 percent of total irrigation need of global dry cereal cultivation. Therefore, the paper concludes that if actual wastewater treatment infrastructure would be expanded to match the potential calculated in this study, the treated effluent could significantly alleviate water stress by decreasing agricultural freshwater withdrawals. This would not only increase global sanitation levels and water-use efficiency under 'Goal six' of 2015 Sustainable Development Goals but also increase food production in water stressed regions to combat hunger and food insecurity under 'Goal two'.
Multi-system measurements in generalized probabilistic theories and their role in information processing
Creators: name: Eftaxias, Giorgos
name: Weilenmann, Mirjam
name: Colbeck, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) provide a framework in which a range of possible theories can be examined, including classical theory, quantum theory and those beyond. In general, enlarging the state space of a GPT leads to fewer possible measurements because the additional states give stronger constraints on the set of effects, the constituents of measurements. This can have implications for information processing. In boxworld, for example, a GPT in which any no-signalling distribution can be realised, there is no analogue of a measurement in the Bell basis and hence the analogue of entanglement swapping is impossible. A comprehensive study of measurements on multiple systems in boxworld has been lacking. Here we consider such measurements in detail, distinguishing those that can be performed by interacting with individual systems sequentially (termed wirings), and the more interesting set of those that cannot. We compute all the possible boxworld effects for cases with small numbers of inputs, outputs and parties, identifying those that are wirings. The large state space of boxworld leads to a small effect space and hence the effects of boxworld are widely applicable in GPTs. We also show some possible uses of non-wirings for information processing by studying state discrimination, nonlocality distillation and the boxworld analogue of nonlocality without entanglement. Finally, we connect our results to the study of logically consistent classical processes and to the composition of contextuality scenarios. By enhancing understanding of measurements in boxworld, our results could be useful in studies of possible underlying principles on which quantum theory can be based.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures; v2: application to nonlocality without entanglement added v3: new title and other updates to match published version
title: Water quality trading : a solution to the eutrophication of waterbodies?
Creators: name: Fantacci, Beatrice
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Water quality
subject: Nutrient pollution
subject: Chesapeake Bay
subject: Danube River Basin
subject: Market-based trading
subject: Cost-efficiency
subject: water quality trading

description: Eutrophication is serious threat for waterbodies it menaces the health of the environment and of human beings. Water quality trading (WQT) has been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a cost-effective solution for this issue. It is a market based approach that involves the exchange of nutrient pollution credits or allocations between sources. The objective of this thesis is to assess WQT, namely its benefits and challenges, through a combination of theoretical and practical analysis. The theoretical analysis highlights the legal aspects and design features that are relevant for the establishment of an efficient water quality trading program. Moreover, if these elements are appropriately addressed WQT can theoretically guarantee environmental, economic and social advantages compared to command and control approaches. The practical analysis comprises the presentation of two case studies and a compared analysis of the two. The case studies are on the Chesapeake Bay and on the Danube River Basin (DRB). Both waterbodies have eutrophication issues and are extremely vast, but the former has introduced a WQT program, at the beginning of the century, whereas no nutrient trading program has ever been established in the DRB. This combined approach of theoretical and practical analysis allows to understand if WQT could be a cost-effective solution for the eutrophication of the north-western Black Sea. The outcome of the thesis is that due to the recent commencement of nutrient trading programs it is not possible to provide quantitative proof that WQT are more cost-efficient than command and control programs. Furthermore, without evidence of the greater efficiency of these tools, it is not likely that they will be introduced in the Danube region given the difficulty in gaining political acceptance; the large investment that the initiation of such program would require; the complexity of the introduction of trading programs in such a wide transnational basin and, finally, because the policies that are already in place already require very stringent regulations on the emissions of sources for the riparian countries.
Costs of Marketing Carolina Peaches in 1954
Creators: name: Peters, C. W.
name: Peters, C. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpt from the report Highlights: During July 1954 peach-packing operations were observed in 14 plants located in the Sandhills area of North Carolina and in the vicinity of Spartanburg, S. C. In this study the major emphasis was on packing costs, including hydrocooling, but attention was also given to transportation and selling charges incurred in delivering the peaches to market. Included in the packinghouse operation were dumping, grading, facing, filling, cooling, lidding, labeling, and loading as well as the general and supervisory functions. Two sizes of baskets, the 3/4 bushel and the bushel, were being used by the 14 packinghouses at the time observations were made.
Evaluating hybrid controls methodology in early-phase oncology trials: a simulation study based on the MORPHEUS-UC trial
Creators: name: Wang, Guanbo
name: Costello, Melanie Poulin
name: Pang, Herbert
name: Zhu, Jiawen
name: Helms, Hans-Joachim
name: Reyes-Rivera, Irmarie
name: Platt, Robert W.
name: Pang, Menglan
name: Koukounari, Artemis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Phase Ib/II oncology trials, despite their small sample sizes, aim to provide information for optimal internal company decision-making concerning novel drug development. Hybrid controls (a combination of the current control arm and controls from one or more sources of historical trial data [HTD]) can be used to increase the statistical precision. Here we assess combining two sources of Roche HTD to construct a hybrid control in targeted therapy for decision-making via an extensive simulation study. Our simulations are based on the real data of one of the experimental arms and the control arm of the MORPHEUS-UC Phase Ib/II study and two Roche HTD for atezolizumab monotherapy. We consider potential complications such as model misspecification, unmeasured confounding, different sample sizes of current treatment groups, and heterogeneity among the three trials. We evaluate two frequentist methods (with both Cox and Weibull accelerated failure time [AFT] models) and three different priors in Bayesian dynamic borrowing (with a Weibull AFT model), and modifications within each of those, when estimating the effect of treatment on survival outcomes and measures of effect such as marginal hazard ratios. We assess the performance of these methods in different settings and potential of generalizations to supplement decisions in early-phase oncology trials. The results show that the proposed joint frequentist methods and noninformative priors within Bayesian dynamic borrowing with no adjustment on covariates are preferred, especially when treatment effects across the three trials are heterogeneous. For generalization of hybrid control methods in such settings we recommend more simulation studies.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. To be appear in Pharmaceutical Statistics
Chiral SU(3) dynamics and $Λ$-hyperons in the nuclear medium
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach to the density dependent mean field and the spin-orbit interaction of a $Λ$-hyperon in a nuclear many-body system, based on flavor-SU(3) in-medium chiral perturbation theory. The leading long-range $ΛN$-interaction arises from kaon exchange and from two-pion exchange with a $Σ$-hyperon in the intermediate state. The empirical $Λ$-nucleus potential depth of about $-28 $MeV is well reproduced with a single cutoff scale, $\bar Λ= 0.7 $GeV, effectively representing all short-distance (high-momentum) dynamics not resolved at scales characteristic of the nuclear Fermi momentum. This value of $\barΛ$ is remarkably consistent with the one required to reproduce the empirical saturation point of isospin-symmetric nuclear matter in the same framework. The smallness of the $Λ$-nuclear spin-orbit interaction finds a natural (yet novel) explanation in terms of an almost complete cancellation between short-range contributions (properly rescaled from the known nucleonic spin-orbit coupling strength) and long-range terms generated by iterated one-pion exchange with intermediate $Σ$-hyperons. The small $ΣΛ$-mass difference figures prominently in this context.
description: 9 pages, 4figures
SuperCLASS -- I. The Super CLuster Assisted Shear Survey: Project overview and Data Release 1
Creators: name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Brown, Michael L.
name: Casey, Caitlin M.
name: Harrison, Ian
name: Jackson, Neal J.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Watson, Robert A.
name: Hales, Christopher A.
name: Manning, Sinclaire M.
name: Hung, Chao-Ling
name: Riseley, Christopher J.
name: Abdalla, Filipe B.
name: Birkinshaw, Mark
name: Demetroullas, Constantinos
name: Chapman, Scott
name: Beswick, Robert J.
name: Muxlow, Tom W. B.
name: Bonaldi, Anna
name: Camera, Stefano
name: Hillier, Tom
name: Kay, Scott T.
name: Peters, Aaron
name: Sanders, David B.
name: Thomas, Daniel B.
name: Thomson, A. P.
name: Tunbridge, Ben
name: Whittaker, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SuperCLuster Assisted Shear Survey (SuperCLASS) is a legacy programme using the e-MERLIN interferometric array. The aim is to observe the sky at L-band (1.4 GHz) to a r.m.s. of 7 uJy per beam over an area of ~1 square degree centred on the Abell 981 supercluster. The main scientific objectives of the project are: (i) to detect the effects of weak lensing in the radio in preparation for similar measurements with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA); (ii) an extinction free census of star formation and AGN activity out to z~1. In this paper we give an overview of the project including the science goals and multi-wavelength coverage before presenting the first data release. We have analysed around 400 hours of e-MERLIN data allowing us to create a Data Release 1 (DR1) mosaic of ~0.26 square degrees to the full depth. These observations have been supplemented with complementary radio observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and optical/near infra-red observations taken with the Subaru, Canada-France-Hawaii and Spitzer Telescopes. The main data product is a catalogue of 887 sources detected by the VLA, of which 395 are detected by e-MERLIN and 197 of these are resolved. We have investigated the size, flux and spectral index properties of these sources finding them compatible with previous studies. Preliminary photometric redshifts, and an assessment of galaxy shapes measured in the radio data, combined with a radio-optical cross-correlation technique probing cosmic shear in a supercluster environment, are presented in companion papers.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables. Accepted in MNRAS. Links to Data Release catalogues will be updated when available upon publication. Before this, catalogues are available on request from the authors
Polygamie et transmission intergénérationnelle de l’éducation au Sénégal
Creators: name: Behaghel, Luc
name: Lambert, Sylvie
name: Behaghel, Luc
name: Lambert, Sylvie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: Au Sénégal, environ un tiers des femmes mariées sont engagées dans une union polygame. La prévalence de ce type de structure familiale est telle qu’elle justifie qu’on la prenne en compte de façon explicite quand on s’intéresse au comportement des ménages. A une période où le Sénégal, comme de nombreux pays africains, en partie grâce à l’impulsion des OMD (Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement), fait des efforts importants pour scolariser plus d’enfants, il est important de comprendre si le statut marital des parents affecte la reproduction des inégalités sociales à travers le niveau d’éducation des enfants ainsi que la distribution de l’éducation entre enfants d’un même ménage. Notre étude utilise des données originales collectées au Sénégal en 2006-2007 (enquête « Pauvreté et Structure familiale »). Nous montrons que les ménages polygames font effectivement des choix d’éducation qui diffèrent de ceux des ménages monogames. Pour le même niveau de ressources disponibles et le même nombre total d’enfants, les ménages polygames éduquent moins leurs enfants. Des résultats plus précis suggèrent également que les femmes sont moins à même de transmettre leur éducation à leur fille si elles vivent en union polygame. Il semble que ce dernier résultat soit lié au plus faible pouvoir de négociation des femmes dans cette situation.
Phonon-induced breakdown of Thouless pumping in the Rice-Mele-Holstein model
Creators: name: Mondal, Suman
name: Bertok, Eric
name: Heidrich-Meisner, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic and periodic variation of the lattice parameters can make it possible to transport charge through a system even without net external electric or magnetic fields, known as Thouless charge pumping. The amount of charge pumped in a cycle is quantized and entirely determined by the system's topology, which is robust against perturbations such as disorder and interactions. However, coupling to the environment may play a vital role in topological transport in many-body systems. We study the topological Thouless pumping, where the charge carriers interact with local optical phonons. The semi-classical multi-trajectory Ehrenfest method is employed to treat the phonon trajectories classically and charge carriers quantum mechanically. We find a breakdown of the quantized charge transport in the presence of phonons. It happens for any finite electron-phonon coupling strength at the resonance condition when the pumping frequency matches the phonon frequency, and it takes finite phonon coupling strength away from the resonance. Moreover, there exist parameter regimes with non-quantized negative and positive charge transport. The modified effective pumping path due to electron-phonon coupling accurately explains the underlying physics. In the large coupling regime where the pumping disappears, the phonons are found to eliminate the staggering of the onsite potentials, which is necessary for the pumping protocol. Finally, we present a stability diagram of quantized pumping as a function of time period of pumping and phonon coupling strength.
description: Manuscript and Erratum
SuperCLASS -- II: Photometric Redshifts and Characteristics of Spatially-Resolved $μ$Jy Radio Sources
Creators: name: Manning, Sinclaire M.
name: Casey, Caitlin M.
name: Hung, Chao-Ling
name: Battye, Richard
name: Brown, Michael L.
name: Jackson, Neal
name: Abdalla, Filipe
name: Chapman, Scott
name: Demetroullas, Constantinos
name: Drew, Patrick
name: Hales, Christopher A.
name: Harrison, Ian
name: Riseley, Christopher J.
name: Sanders, David B.
name: Watson, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical and near-infrared imaging covering a $\sim$1.53 deg$^2$ region in the Super-Cluster Assisted Shear Survey (SuperCLASS) field, which aims to make the first robust weak lensing measurement at radio wavelengths. We derive photometric redshifts for $\approx$176,000 sources down to $i^\prime_{\rm AB}\sim24$ and present photometric redshifts for 1.4 GHz $e$-MERLIN and VLA detected radio sources found in the central 0.26 deg$^{2}$. We compile an initial catalog of 149 radio sources brighter than S$_{1.4}>75$ $μ$Jy and find their photometric redshifts span $07 σ$ in the density map and we confirm the photometric redshifts are consistent with previously measured spectra from a few galaxies at the cluster centers.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS on March 3 2020
The low-frequency response in the surface superconducting state of ZrB$_{12}$ single crystal}
Creators: name: Leviev, Grigory I.
name: Genkin, Valery M.
name: Tsindlekht, Menachem I.
name: Felner, Israel
name: Paderno, Yurii B.
name: Filippov, Vladimir B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large nonlinear response of a single crystal ZrB$_{12}$ to an ac field (frequency 40 - 2500 Hz) for $H_0>H_{c2}$ has been observed. Direct measurements of the ac wave form and the exact numerical solution of the Ginzburg-Landau equations, as well as phenomenological relaxation equation, permit the study of the surface superconducting states dynamics. It is shown, that the low frequency response is defined by transitions between the metastable superconducting states under the action of an ac field. The relaxation rate which determines such transitions dynamics, is found.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
title: Opportunities for Photovoltaic- and wind energy systems - Austria vs. China - a case study
Creators: name: Hainzl, Lukas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Renewable Energy
subject: Wind Energy
subject: Photovoltaics
subject: Austria
subject: China
subject: Case Study
subject: Market Analyses

description: The investigation was conducted to explore the opportunities of wind- and photovoltaic energy systems in Austria and People's Republic of China. In this study, a technical report about the state of the art of the mentioned technologies was made. Moreover, the Austrian and Chinese market opportunities were reviewed. Finally, four case studies were conducted, one for each technology and market. The paper is investigated by two methodologies. The first two parts are described by the means of a literature review. The third part is investigated via case studies. This thesis presents an exhaustive review of these research fields. The results reveal that in recent years the cost of wind- and photovoltaic systems dropped in Austria as well as China. However, the market review and the calculations of the case studies suggest that the Chinese market offers more opportunities than the Austrian market. It was found that if policy makers would like to push the technologies and the markets forward there is still some room for improvements in both countries investigated. Implications of the results and future research directions are also presented.
Ageing Properties of Critical Systems
Creators: name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Gambassi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past few years systems with slow dynamics have attracted considerable theoretical and experimental interest. Ageing phenomena are observed during this ever-lasting non-equilibrium evolution. A simple instance of such a behaviour is provided by the dynamics that takes place when a system is quenched from its high-temperature phase to the critical point. The aim of this review is to summarize the various numerical and analytical results that have been recently obtained for this case. Particular emphasis is put to the field-theoretical methods that can be used to provide analytical predictions for the relevant dynamical quantities. Fluctuation-dissipation relations are discussed and in particular the concept of fluctuation-dissipation ratio (FDR) is reviewed, emphasizing its connection with the definition of a possible effective temperature. The Renormalization-Group approach to critical dynamics is summarized and the scaling forms of the time-dependent non-equilibrium correlation and response functions of a generic observable are discussed. From them the universality of the associated FDR follows as an amplitude ratio. It is then possible to provide predictions for ageing quantities in a variety of different models. In particular the results for Model A, B, and C dynamics of the O(N) Ginzburg-Landau Hamiltonian, and Model A dynamics of the weakly dilute Ising magnet and of a ϕ^3 theory, are reviewed and compared with the available numerical results and exact solutions. The effect of a planar surface on the ageing behaviour of Model A dynamics is also addressed within the mean-field approximation.
description: rvised enlarged version, 72 Pages, Topical Review accepted for publication on JPA
Les coûts cachés de l’assurance veuvage informelle
Creators: name: Lambert, Sylvie
name: Rossi, Pauline
name: Lambert, Sylvie
name: Rossi, Pauline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: Les mécanismes intrafamiliaux d’assurance apparaissent comme un des aspects de la solidarité supposée caractériser les économies des pays en développement, avec comme seul coût pour les bénéficiaires celui de la réciprocité. Par conséquent, les coûts non monétaires des mécanismes d’assurance informelle présents dans ces pays sont généralement ignorés. Si, en réalité, la réciprocité ne constitue pas le seul coût, on sous-estime alors le gain potentiel en bien-être permis, par exemple, par l’introduction de filets de sécurité sociaux. Le fait que des coûts éventuels puissent prendre une forme non monétaire et ne pas être une contrepartie directe de l’assurance rendent leur mise en évidence difficile. Notre étude s’intéresse au cas particulier de l’assurance veuvage au Sénégal. Grâce à des données originales de l’enquête « Pauvreté et Structure Familiale » collectées au Sénégal, nous montrons que les femmes dont le mari a eu des enfants d’un précédent mariage diminuent l’écart entre les naissances jusqu’à avoir un garçon.
Demonstration of Dissipative Quasihelical Edge Transport in Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulators
Creators: name: Wang, Shu-Wei
name: Xiao, Di
name: Dou, Ziwei
name: Cao, Moda
name: Zhao, Yi-Fan
name: Samarth, Nitin
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
name: Connolly, Malcolm R.
name: Smith, Charles G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doping a topological insulator (TI) film with transition metal ions can break its time-reversal symmetry and lead to the realization of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. Prior studies have shown that the longitudinal resistance of the QAH samples usually does not vanish when the Hall resistance shows a good quantization. This has been interpreted as a result of the presence of possible dissipative conducting channels in magnetic TI samples. By studying the temperature- and magnetic field-dependence of the magnetoresistance of a magnetic TI sandwich heterostructure device, we demonstrate that the predominant dissipation mechanism in thick QAH insulators can switch between non-chiral edge states and residual bulk states in different magnetic field regimes. The interactions between bulk states, chiral edge states, and non-chiral edge states are also investigated. Our study provides a way to distinguish between the dissipation arising from the residual bulk states and non-chiral edge states, which is crucial for achieving true dissipationless transport in QAH insulators and for providing deeper insights into QAH-related phenomena.
Vision-aided UAV navigation and dynamic obstacle avoidance using gradient-based B-spline trajectory optimization
Creators: name: Xu, Zhefan
name: Xiu, Yumeng
name: Zhan, Xiaoyang
name: Chen, Baihan
name: Shimada, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Navigating dynamic environments requires the robot to generate collision-free trajectories and actively avoid moving obstacles. Most previous works designed path planning algorithms based on one single map representation, such as the geometric, occupancy, or ESDF map. Although they have shown success in static environments, due to the limitation of map representation, those methods cannot reliably handle static and dynamic obstacles simultaneously. To address the problem, this paper proposes a gradient-based B-spline trajectory optimization algorithm utilizing the robot's onboard vision. The depth vision enables the robot to track and represent dynamic objects geometrically based on the voxel map. The proposed optimization first adopts the circle-based guide-point algorithm to approximate the costs and gradients for avoiding static obstacles. Then, with the vision-detected moving objects, our receding-horizon distance field is simultaneously used to prevent dynamic collisions. Finally, the iterative re-guide strategy is applied to generate the collision-free trajectory. The simulation and physical experiments prove that our method can run in real-time to navigate dynamic environments safely. Our software is available on GitHub as an open-source package.
Simultaneous X-Ray and optical spectroscopy of the Seyfert galaxy Mrk 993
Creators: name: Corral, A.
name: Barcons, X.
name: Carrera, F. J.
name: Ceballos, M. T.
name: Mateos, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of simultaneous XMM-Newton X-ray and 3.5m/CAHA optical spectroscopic observations of the Seyfert galaxy Mrk 993. This galaxy exhibited in the past significant variations of its broad emission lines which classified it as Sy1, Sy1.5 and Sy1.9 in different epochs. In order to test the X-ray/optical consistency of the unified AGN model we have compared the amount of photoelectric X-ray absorption with the Balmer decrement of broad emission line components. The optical data show that during our observations Mrk 993 was in a Sy1.8 state with a Balmer decrement of 9. The X-ray absorbing gas amounts only to 7E20 cmE-02, most likely due to the host galaxy. For a normal gas to dust ratio in the absorbing material (expected to arise in the molecular torus) both quantities are clearly discrepant with an intrinsic Balmer decrement of 3.4. We therefore conclude that the Balmer ratio is intrinsic rather than produced by obscuration and therefore that in this object the optical broad line emission properties are dictated by the physics of the broad line region rather than orientation/obscuration effects.
description: 6 pages, 5 Postscript figures, A&A accepted
Relativistic Mean-Field Models with Effective Hadron Masses and Coupling Constants, and rho^- Condensation
Creators: name: Kolomeitsev, E. E.
name: Voskresensky, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study relativistic mean-field models with hadron masses and coupling constants depending self-consistently on a scalar meson field. We demonstrate that by the field redefinition some models can be equivalently transformed into each other. Thereby the large variety of scaling functions for masses and couplings can be reduced to a restricted set of functions with a constrained dependence on a scalar field. We show how by choosing properly the latter scaling functions one may stiffen or soften the equation of state at high densities and simultaneously increase the threshold density for the direct Urca process without any change of the description of nuclear matter close to the saturation density. The stiffening of the equation of state might be motivated by recent neutron star mass measurements, whereas the increase of the threshold density for the direct Urca process is required by the analysis of neutron star cooling data. We demonstrate that if a rho meson is included in a mean-field model as a non-Abelian gauge boson, then there is a possibility for a charged rho-meson condensation in dense nuclear matter. We show that such a novel phase can be realized in neutron star interiors already for sufficiently low densities, typically $\sim 3÷4 n_0$, where $n_0$ is the nuclear saturation density. In the framework of the relativistic mean field model the new phase arises in a second-order phase transition. The appearance of a $ρ^-$ condensate significantly alters the proton fraction in a neutron star but changes moderately the equation of state. The neutrino emissivity of the processes involving a $ρ^-$ meson condensate is estimated.
description: 43p, 20figs
SuperCLASS -- III. Weak lensing from radio and optical observations in Data Release 1
Creators: name: Harrison, Ian
name: Brown, Michael L.
name: Tunbridge, Ben
name: Thomas, Daniel B.
name: Hillier, Tom
name: Thomson, A. P.
name: Whittaker, Lee
name: Abdalla, Filipe B.
name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Bonaldi, Anna
name: Camera, Stefano
name: Casey, Caitlin M.
name: Demetroullas, Constantinos
name: Hales, Christopher A.
name: Jackson, Neal J.
name: Kay, Scott T.
name: Manning, Sinclaire M.
name: Peters, Aaron
name: Riseley, Christopher J.
name: Watson, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the first results on weak gravitational lensing from the SuperCLASS survey: the first survey specifically designed to measure the weak lensing effect in radio-wavelength data, both alone and in cross-correlation with optical data. We analyse 1.53 square degrees of optical data from the Subaru telescope and 0.26 square degrees of radio data from the e-MERLIN and VLA telescopes (the DR1 data set). Using standard methodologies on the optical data only we make a significant (10 sigma) detection of the weak lensing signal (a shear power spectrum) due to the massive supercluster of galaxies in the targeted region. For the radio data we develop a new method to measure the shapes of galaxies from the interferometric data, and we construct a simulation pipeline to validate this method. We then apply this analysis to our radio observations, treating the e-MERLIN and VLA data independently. We achieve source densities of 0.5 per square arcmin in the VLA data and 0.06 per square arcmin in the e-MERLIN data, numbers which prove too small to allow a detection of a weak lensing signal in either the radio data alone or in cross-correlation with the optical data. Finally, we show preliminary results from a visibility-plane combination of the data from e-MERLIN and VLA which will be used for the forthcoming full SuperCLASS data release. This approach to data combination is expected to enhance both the number density of weak lensing sources available and the fidelity with which their shapes can be measured.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables. Accepted in MNRAS
Zmiany Uwarunkowań Działalności Sektora Małych I Średnich Przedsiębiorstw Na Obszarach Wiejskich Województwa Lubelskiego
Creators: name: Angowski, Marek
name: Jarosz-Angowska, Aneta
name: Angowski, Marek
name: Jarosz-Angowska, Aneta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa
subject: obszary wiejskie
subject: czynniki otoczenia

description: Głównym celem badań była identyfikacja czynników otoczenia i analiza ich wpływu na moż- liwości funkcjonowania i rozwoju sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw (MSP), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem obszarów wiejskich. Analizy i oceny dokonano na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych na temat znaczenia i wpływu poszczególnych czynników otoczenia na działalność i pozycję na rynku MSP zlokalizowanych na obszarach wiejskich województwa lubelskiego. Badania przeprowadzono w 3 latach: 2001, 2006 i 2011. stwierdzono, że rok 2006 w stosunku do roku 2001 był postrzegany znacznie korzystniej, natomiast w 2011 roku nastąpiło pogorszenie wielu czynników, co może wiązać się ze skutkami kryzysu gospodarczego. Zmieniło się na korzystne postrzeganie możliwości płynących z integracji z UE, pogorszyło się natomiast postrzeganie lokalnych uwarunkowań prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej.
The corporation is a social institution
Creators: name: Cody, Michael David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Corporate law theory in Anglo-American countries has long been dominated by economic analysis. While significant efforts have been made to critique the economic theory of the corporation and a number of alternate "progressive" theories have been offered - there is still no single theory that stands in opposition to the Nexus of Contracts theory. This thesis utilizes historical analysis to show that before 1930 there were two dominant and opposing theories of the corporation: Contractual theory (or early economic theory), which conceptualized the corporation as merely a collection of freely contracting individuals; and Entity theory (or early sociological theory), which conceptualized the corporation as a real entity with an existence distinct from its members. The competition between these two contrasting theories created a balance in the corporate law debate between the economic and social aspects of corporations. But Entity theory fell out of favour in Anglo-American countries and the balance was lost. The effects of that loss are evident in modem Anglo-American societies with our disproportionate preference for private interests over public interests. Our fascination with short term profits, our readiness to make lay-offs and rampant mergers and acquisition activity are a few examples of this phenomenon. This thesis argues for the revival of the social theory of the corporation to restore balance to the corporate law debate. Using advances in sociology and in particular developments from organizational theory and institutional analysis, the building blocks of an updated social theory of the corporation are outlined.
Lorentz invariant and supersymmetric interpretation of noncommutative quantum field theory
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Yoshishige
name: Sasaki, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, using a Hopf-algebraic method, we construct deformed Poincaré SUSY algebra in terms of twisted (Hopf) algebra. By adapting this twist deformed super-Poincaré algrebra as our fundamental symmetry, we can see the consistency between the algebra and non(anti)commutative relation among (super)coordinates and interpret that symmetry of non(anti)commutative QFT is in fact twisted one. The key point is validity of our new twist element that guarantees non(anti)commutativity of space. It is checked in this paper for N=1 case. We also comment on the possibility of noncommutative central charge coordinate. Finally, because our twist operation does not break the original algebra, we can claim that (twisted) SUSY is not broken in contrast to the string inspired $\mathcal{N}=1/2$ SUSY in N=1 non(anti)commutative superspace.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX. v3:One section added, typos corrected, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
On the Cauchy transform of complex powers of the identity function
Creators: name: Faktor, Benjamin
name: Kuhn, Michael
name: Shemy, Gahl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30E20 (Primary) 33C05 (Secondary)

description: The integral $\int_{|z|=1} \frac{z^β}{z-α} dz$ for $β=\frac{1}{2}$ has been comprehensively studied by Mortini and Rupp for pedagogical purposes. We write for a similar purpose, elaborating on their work with the more general consideration $β\in \mathbb{C}$. This culminates in an explicit solution in terms of the hypergeometric function for $|α| \neq 1$ and any $β\in \mathbb{C}$. For rational $β$, the integral is reduced to a finite sum. A differential equation in $α$ is derived for this integral, which we show has similar properties to the hypergeometric equation.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Procesy restrukturyzacyjne charakteryzujące rynek cukru w Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Budzyńska, Anna
name: Budzyńska, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: sugar market
subject: restructuring
subject: sugar market reform
subject: the European Union
subject: / rynek cukru
subject: restrukturyzacja
subject: reforma rynku cukru
subject: Unia Europejska

description: On the sugar market exists strong international competitiveness. In the European Union sugar industry is the part of the basic branches agricultural processing industry. From the beginning of European Union until the end of the last century all members were the main world sugar producers. During the last decade the importance of the sugar market set by the European Union have decreased. This situation forced changes on sugar market. Since year 2006 the sugar reform has been introduced by European Union. The objectives of the reform is the preparation of the sugar market for liberalization of international trade and improving competitiveness of sugar market. This changes will be very important for production profitability in European Union. That is why there is impossible to implement the reform without restructuring and modernization of the sugar market. / Synopsis. Na rynku cukru występuje zjawisko silnej konkurencji międzynarodowej. W Unii Europejskiej przemysł cukrowniczy należy do podstawowych działów przetwórstwa rolnego. Od momentu powołania Wspólnoty do końca ubiegłego stulecia jej członkowie byli głównymi producentami cukru na świecie. W ciągu pierwszej dekady XXI wieku znaczenie unijnego cukru w międzynarodowej wymianie handlowej zmalało. To wymusiło zmiany na unijnym rynku cukru. Od 2006 roku Unia Europejska prowadzi reformę systemu regulacji rynku cukru, której celem jest przygotowanie unijnego rynku cukru na całkowitą liberalizację międzynarodowej wymiany handlowej oraz poprawa konkurencyjności unijnego rynku cukru. Powyższe zmiany będą miały znaczący wpływ na opłacalność produkcji oraz zmierzają do poprawy konkurencyjności produkcji cukru w Unii Europejskiej. Z tego powodu nie jest możliwe przeprowadzenie reformy bez jednoczesnej głębokiej restrukturyzacji i modernizacji sektora cukrowniczego.
Perturbative Heavy Quark Fragmentation Function through O(α_s^2): Gluon Initiated Contribution
Creators: name: Mitov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the gluon initiated contribution to the initial condition for the perturbative fragmentation function of a heavy quark through order O(α_s^2) in the MS-bar scheme. This result is needed for the resummation with next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy of quasi-collinear logarithms ln^k(m^2) in heavy quark differential distributions by solving the complete DGLAP equation. Together with the previously evaluated fermion initiated components, this result completes the derivation of the initial condition for the perturbative fragmentation function at next-to-next-to-leading order.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure; minor clarifications in the text; references added
Rolnictwo w Chinach: rozwój, wyzwania i problemy
Creators: name: Cieślik, Ewa
name: Cieślik, Ewa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: China’s agriculture
subject: technology
subject: institutional changes
subject: / chińskie rolnictwo
subject: postęp techniczny i technologiczny
subject: zmiany instytucjonalne

description: China’s agriculture has passed significant metamorphosis after 1978. Although in comparison to agrarian sectors in developed countries, China’s sector lags behind in terms of technology. The aim of this article is to present the institutional changes in China’s agriculture after 1949, areas of underdevelopment and methods of eliminating these problems. / Synopsis. Chińskie rolnictwo przeszło metamorfozę od 1978 r. Jednak w porównaniu z sektorem agrarnym krajów rozwiniętych jest zacofane przede wszystkim pod względem technologicznym. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja zmian instytucjonalnych w rolnictwie od 1949 r. oraz wskazanie obszarów zacofania chińskiego rolnictwa i działań zmierzających do wyeliminowania tego niedorozwoju.