cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Power of Imaging: Constraining the Plasma Properties of GRMHD Simulations using EHT Observations of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Chan, Chi-Kwan
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Ozel, Feryal
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Sadowski, Aleksander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations have expanded and improved our understanding of the dynamics of black-hole accretion disks. However, current simulations do not capture the thermodynamics of electrons in the low density accreting plasma. This poses a significant challenge in predicting accretion flow images and spectra from first principles. Because of this, simplified emission models have often been used, with widely different configurations (e.g., disk- versus jet-dominated emission), and were able to account for the observed spectral properties of accreting black-holes. Exploring the large parameter space introduced by such models, however, requires significant computational power that exceeds conventional computational facilities. In this paper, we use GRay, a fast GPU-based ray-tracing algorithm, on the GPU cluster El Gato, to compute images and spectra for a set of six general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations with different magnetic field configurations and black-hole spins. We also employ two different parametric models for the plasma thermodynamics in each of the simulations. We show that, if only the spectral properties of Sgr A* are used, all twelve models tested here can fit the spectra equally well. However, when combined with the measurement of the image size of the emission using the Event Horizon Telescope, current observations rule out all models with strong funnel emission, because the funnels are typically very extended. Our study shows that images of accretion flows with horizon-scale resolution offer a powerful tool in understanding accretion flows around black-holes and their thermodynamic properties.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; submitted to ApJ
VapeCons: E-cigarette user conventions
Creators: name: Williams, Rebecca S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: E-cigarette ‘vaping conventions’ provide a venue for user social networking, parties, and ‘try before you buy’ access to a wide range of e-cigarette products. This study identifies and describes vaping conventions, raising awareness of this potentially problematic practice.
On orthogonal projections related to representations of the Hecke algebra on a tensor space
Creators: name: Bytsko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of finding orthogonal projections $P$ of a rank $r$ that give rise to representations of the Hecke algebra $H_N(q)$ in which the generators of the algebra act locally on the $N$-th tensor power of the space ${\mathbb C}^n$. It is shown that such projections are global minima of a certain functional. It is also shown that a characteristic property of such projections is that a certain positive definite matrix $A$ has only two eigenvalues or only one eigenvalue if $P$ gives rise to a representation of the Temperley-Lieb algebra. Apart from the parameters $n$, $r$, and $Q=q + q^{-1}$, an additional parameter $k$ proves to be a useful characteristic of a projection $P$. In particular, we use it to provide a lower bound for $Q$ when the values of $n$ and $r$ are fixed and we show that $k=r n$ if and only if $P$ is of the Temperley-Lieb type. Besides, we propose an approach to constructing projections $P$ and give some novel examples for $n=3$.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX
Carrying the Burden: Perspectives of African American Pastors on Peer Support for People with Cancer
Creators: name: Elliott-Bynum, Sharon
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Armstrong, Tonya
name: Peacock, Stacie
name: Goldmon, Moses
name: Green, Melissa A.
name: Hanson, Laura C.
name: Hayes, Michelle
name: Lucas, Justin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: For African Americans facing advanced cancer, churches are trusted sources of support and ideal settings to improve access to supportive care. The Support Team model enhances community support for practical, emotional, and spiritual caregiving. We report on focus groups with pastors of 23 Black Churches and explore their perspective on the Support Team model for church members with cancer. Pastors describe the needs of church members facing cancer from a holistic perspective and recognize opportunities for synergistic faith-health collaboration. The results of this study indicate potential benefits of the Support Team model in Black Churches to reduce silent suffering among individuals facing cancer.
Participating in Research: Attitudes within the African American Church
Creators: name: Taylor, Yhenneko
name: Odulana, Adebowale
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Godley, Paul
name: Howard, Daniel L.
name: Kim, Mimi M.
name: Green, Melissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We assessed associations between pastor and congregant characteristics and congregant attitudes about research participation among African American churches.
Detecting Weakly Simple Polygons
Creators: name: Chang, Hsien-Chih
name: Erickson, Jeff
name: Xu, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A closed curve in the plane is weakly simple if it is the limit (in the Fréchet metric) of a sequence of simple closed curves. We describe an algorithm to determine whether a closed walk of length n in a simple plane graph is weakly simple in O(n log n) time, improving an earlier O(n^3)-time algorithm of Cortese et al. [Discrete Math. 2009]. As an immediate corollary, we obtain the first efficient algorithm to determine whether an arbitrary n-vertex polygon is weakly simple; our algorithm runs in O(n^2 log n) time. We also describe algorithms that detect weak simplicity in O(n log n) time for two interesting classes of polygons. Finally, we discuss subtle errors in several previously published definitions of weak simplicity.
description: 25 pages and 13 figures, submitted to SODA 2015
Utilization of Hospital-Based Chaplain Services Among Newly Diagnosed Male Veterans Affairs Colorectal Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Griffin, Joan M.
name: Phelan, Sean
name: Provenzale, Dawn
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: Nieuwsma, Jason A.
name: van Ryn, Michelle
name: Jackson, George L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Examine utilization of chaplain services among Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Inclusive Jet Spectra in p-Pb Collisions at ALICE
Creators: name: Connors, Megan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet suppression has been observed in central heavy ion collisions. This suppression is attributed to partonic energy loss in the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) formed in such collisions. However, this measurement is influenced by all stages of the collision. It is expected that in p-Pb collisions similar initial conditions occur as in Pb-Pb collisions without creating a QGP, allowing modification to the jet spectra due to cold nuclear matter effects to be quantified. Inclusive jet spectra in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV measured by ALICE are presented. Jets are reconstructed via the anti-k$_{\rm T}$ algorithm with different resolution parameters by combining charged tracks measured in the ALICE tracking system with the neutral energy deposited in the electromagnetic calorimeter. The jet spectra can be used to determine a nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm pPb}$ while the jet profile in p-Pb is studied by dividing spectra measured with different resolution parameters and comparing to the same ratio measured in pp collisions.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions Quark Matter 2014
Where is the Faith? Using a CBPR Approach to Propose Adaptations to an Evidence-Based HIV Prevention Intervention for Adolescents in African American Faith Settings
Creators: name: Taggart, Tamara
name: Lightfoot, Alexandra F.
name: Woods-Jaeger, Briana A.
name: Riggins, Linda
name: Eng, Eugenia
name: Jackson, Melvin R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: African American adolescents are at increased risk for HIV/AIDS. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we engaged three black churches in adapting an evidence-based HIV prevention intervention, Focus on Youth (FOY)+ImPACT, for faith settings. To identify potential adaptations to increase FOY's relevance, utility, and efficacy for faith settings, we conducted eight focus groups pre- and post-intervention. Recommendations for maintaining FOY's core elements and enhancing its cultural authenticity include the following: incorporating faith tools, building pastor capacity, strengthening parent-child communication skills, and expanding social support for parents and youth. Engaging faith communities in adapting and implementing evidence-based HIV prevention programs could reduce HIV/AIDS disparities.
CCD Readout Electronics for the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph
Creators: name: Hope, Stephen C.
name: Gunn, James E.
name: Loomis, Craig P.
name: Fitzgerald, Roger E.
name: Peacock, Grant O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present details of the design for the CCD readout electronics for the Subaru Telescope Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS). The spectrograph is comprised of four identical spectrograph modules, each collecting roughly 600 spectra. The spectrograph modules provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over the entire band from 380 nm to 1260 nm through the use of three separate optical channels: blue, red, and near infrared (NIR). A camera in each channel images the multi-object spectra onto a 4k x 4k, 15 um pixel, detector format. The two visible cameras use a pair of Hamamatsu 2k x 4k CCDs with readout provided by custom electronics, while the NIR camera uses a single Teledyne HgCdTe 4k x 4k detector and ASIC Sidecar to read the device. The CCD readout system is a custom design comprised of three electrical subsystems: the Back End Electronics (BEE), the Front End Electronics (FEE), and a Pre-amplifier. The BEE is an off-the-shelf PC104 computer, with an auxiliary Xilinx FPGA module. The computer serves as the main interface to the Subaru messaging hub and controls other peripheral devices associated with the camera, while the FPGA is used to generate the necessary clocks and transfer image data from the CCDs. The FEE board sets clock biases, substrate bias, and CDS offsets. It also monitors bias voltages, offset voltages, power rail voltage, substrate voltage and CCD temperature. The board translates LVDS clock signals to biased clocks and returns digitized analog data via LVDS. Monitoring and control messages are sent from the BEE to the FEE using a standard serial interface. The Pre-amplifier board resides behind the detectors and acts as an interface to the two Hamamatsu CCDs. The Pre-amplifier passes clocks and biases to the CCDs, and analog CCD data is buffered and amplified prior to being returned to the FEE.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, SPIE ATI 2014, Montreal
Proposed experiments to clarify the real nature of the quantum waves
Creators: name: Croca, J. R.
name: Castro, P.
name: Gatta, M.
name: Moreira, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of quantum waves, whether they are real physical waves or, on the contrary, mere probability waves, has been a very controversial theme since the beginning of quantum theory. Here we present some possible experiments that may clarify the problem.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Dusty tails of evaporating exoplanets. I. Constraints on the dust composition
Creators: name: van Lieshout, R.
name: Min, M.
name: Dominik, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, two exoplanet candidates have been discovered, KIC 12557548b and KOI-2700b, whose transit profiles show evidence for a comet-like tail of dust trailing the planet, thought to be fed by the evaporation of the planet's surface. We aim to put constraints on the composition of the dust ejected by these objects from the shape of their transit light curves. We derive a semi-analytical expression for the attenuation of dust cross-section in the tail, incorporating the sublimation of dust grains as well as their drift away from the planet. This expression shows that the length of the tail is highly sensitive to the sublimation properties of the dust material. We compute tail lengths for several possible dust compositions, and compare these to observational estimates of the tail lengths of KIC 12557548b and KOI-2700b, inferred from their light curves. The observed tail lengths are consistent with dust grains composed of corundum (Al2O3) or iron-rich silicate minerals (e.g., fayalite, Fe2SiO4). Pure iron and carbonaceous compositions are disfavoured. In addition, we estimate dust mass loss rates of 1.7 +/- 0.5 M_earth/Gyr for KIC 12557548b, and > 0.007 M_earth/Gyr (1-sigma lower limit) for KOI-2700b.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, A&A accepted
Soil Saprobic Fungi Differ in Their Response to Gradually and Abruptly Delivered Copper
Creators: name: Golubeva, Polina
name: Ryo, Masahiro
name: Muller, Ludo A. H.
name: Ballhausen, Max-Bernhard
name: Lehmann, Anika
name: Sosa-Hernández, Moisés A.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: gradual and abrupt stress
subject: heavy metal stress
subject: temporal dynamics
subject: filamentous fungi
subject: copper toxicity
subject: environmental change
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: The overwhelming majority of studies examining environmental change deliver treatments abruptly, although, in fact, many important changes are gradual. One example of a gradually increasing environmental stressor is heavy metal contamination. Essential heavy metals, such as copper, play an important role within cells of living organisms but are toxic at higher concentrations. In our study, we focus on the effects of copper pollution on filamentous soil fungi, key players in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. We hypothesize that fungi exposed to gradually increasing copper concentrations have higher chances for physiological acclimation and will maintain biomass production and accumulate less copper, compared to fungi abruptly exposed to the highest copper concentration. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with 17 fungal isolates exposed to gradual and abrupt copper addition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we find diverse idiosyncratic responses, such that for many fungi gradually increasing copper concentrations have more severe effects (stronger growth inhibition and higher copper accumulation) than an abrupt increase. While a number of environmental change studies have accumulated evidence based on the magnitude of changes, the results of our study imply that the rate of change can be an important factor to consider in future studies in ecology, environmental science, and environmental management.
The Relationship between Vitamin D and Muscle Size and Strength in Patients on Hemodialysis
Creators: name: Sakkas, Giorgos K.
name: Doyle, Julie W.
name: Johansen, Kirsten L.
name: Gordon, Patricia L.
name: Shubert, Tiffany
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Vitamin D has various actions in skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to compare lower limb muscle size and strength in hemodialysis (HD) patients being treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) or a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D analog (paricalcitol) to HD patients who were receiving none.
Utilization of high pressure processing (HPP) for the production of starch-based hydrogels for innovative applications
Creators: name: Larrea-Wachtendorff, Dominique
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ING-IND/25 IMPIANTI CHIMICI
subject: High pressure processing
subject: Hydrogels
subject: Innovative

description: 2018 - 2019
description: Nowadays, the development of plant-based systems to replace or reduce the utilization of synthetic materials has been receiving significant attention, in view to fulfil consumers demand natural products in all the industrial areas. Hydrogels represent a group of polymeric materials, composed of three-dimensional crosslinked polymeric networks, capable to absorb and retain a significant amount of water. They have been listed as “smart structures” whose tailor-made design confers them different functional attributes allowing their use in biomedical, cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and food applications. Hydrogels can be produced either from natural or synthetic sources. However, those produced from natural sources have gained a great interest in research for the development of novel biomaterials for which a wide range of applications could be envisaged due to their safety, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In the last decade, among the natural sources to produce hydrogels, starches have been receiving increasing attention as one of the most promising natural biopolymers. Hydrogels are traditionally produced by chemical or physical methods. However, long processing time, high energy consumption, and safety issues related to the synthesis of these products have been identified as important limitations of these methods. .. [edited by Author]
Relaxation of Product Markov Chains on Product Spaces
Creators: name: Mathé, Peter
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Product Markov chains
subject: Mixing Time
subject: Metropolis sampler
subject: 60J15

description: The purpose of the paper is studying the relaxation time of product-type Markov chains on product spaces which approach a product distribution. We determine bounds to approach stationarity for such Markov chains in terms of the mixing times of the component Markov chains. In cases where the component mixing times vary much we propose an optimized visiting scheme which makes such product-type Markov chains comparative to Gibbs-type samplers. We conclude the paper by a discussion of the relaxation of Metropolis-type samplers applied to separable energy functions.
Characterization of the invasive and inflammatory traits of oral Campylobacter rectus in a murine model of fetoplacental growth restriction and in trophoblast cultures
Creators: name: Offenbacher, S.
name: Diaz, P.I.
name: Galloway, P.
name: Bobetsis, Y.
name: Arce, R.M.
name: Barros, S.P.
name: Threadgill, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Campylobacter species (C. jejuni, C. fetus) are enteric abortifacient bacteria in humans and ungulates. Campylobacter rectus is a periodontal pathogen associated with human fetal exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery. Experiments in pregnant mice have demonstrated that C. rectus can translocate from a distant site of infection to the placenta to induce fetal growth restriction and impair placental development. However, placental tissues from human, small-for-gestational age deliveries have not been reported to harbor C. rectus despite evidence of maternal infection and fetal exposure by fetal IgM response. This investigation examined the temporal relationship between the placental translocation of C. rectus and the effects on fetal growth in mice. BALB/c mice were infected at gestational day E7.5 to examine placental translocation of C. rectus by immunohistology. C. rectus significantly decreased fetoplacental weight at E14.5 and at E16.5. C. rectus was detected in 63% of placentas at E14.5, but not at E16.5. In in vitro trophoblast invasion assays, C. rectus was able to effectively invade human trophoblasts (BeWo) but not murine trophoblasts (SM9-1), and showed a trend for more invasiveness than C. jejuni. C. rectus challenge significantly upregulated both mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and TNFα in a dose-dependent manner in human trophoblasts, but did not increase cytokine expression in murine cells, suggesting a correlation between invasion and cytokine activation. In conclusion, the trophoblast-invasive trait of C. rectus that appears limited to human trophoblasts may play a role in facilitating bacterial translocation and placental inflammation during early gestation.
Mass depletion: a new parameter for quantitative jet modification
Creators: name: Majumder, A.
name: Putschke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension to classify jet modification in heavy-ion collisions by including the jet mass along with its energy. The mass of a jet, as measured by jet reconstruction algorithms, is constrained by the jet's virtuality, which in turn has a considerable effect on such observables as the fragmentation function and jet shape observables. The leading parton, propagating through a dense medium, experiences substantial virtuality (or mass) depletion along with energy loss. Meaningful comparisons between surviving jets and jets produced in $p$-$p$ collisions require mass depletion to be taken into account. Using a vacuum event generator, we show the close relationship between the actual jet mass and that after applying a jet reconstruction algorithm. Using an in-medium event generator, we demonstrate the clear difference between the mass of a surviving parton exiting a dense medium and a parton with a similar energy formed in a hard scattering event. Effects of this difference on jet observables are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revtex
Non-leptonic B-decays at two-loops in QCD
Creators: name: Huber, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the status of the calculation of two-loop QCD corrections to non-leptonic B-decays in the framework of QCD factorisation. In the case of heavy-to-light decays I will cover the leading penguin amplitudes a_4^u and a_4^c. For heavy-to-heavy transitions I will discuss the amplitude a_1(D^(*) pi). In both cases I will present some computational details, especially on how to obtain analytical results for the master integrals in a canonical basis, which in turn enables us to derive analytical expressions for almost all terms in the amplitudes.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory, 27 April - 2 May 2014, Weimar, Germany
Testing a linear hypothesis using Haar transform
Creators: name: Spokoiny, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: regression model
subject: Haar basis
subject: hypothesis of linearity
subject: nonparametric alternative
subject: 62H25
subject: 62G10

description: The paper is concerned with the problem of testing a linear hypothesis about regression function. New testing procedure based on the Haar transform is proposed which is adaptive to unknown smoothness properties of the underlying function. The results show that under mild conditions on the design and smoothness of the regression function, this procedure provides with the near optimal rate of testing.
Immune reconstitution of the female reproductive tract of humanized BLT mice and their susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus infection
Creators: name: Olesen, Rikke
name: Victor Garcia, J.
name: Denton, Paul W.
name: Wahl, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: An HIV-1 vaccine capable of providing sterilizing immunity from vaginal infection would reduce the spread of HIV-1 to women. Unfortunately, only one of the four HIV-1 vaccine clinical trials has demonstrated any level of protection (31%) against HIV-1 transmission. Additionally, only one topical microbicide clinical trial has reported an overall reduction in HIV-1 transmission (39%). Developing even more effective vaccines and microbicides will require a better understanding of the key events involved in HIV-1 infection and dissemination at the site of exposure. Novel immunodeficient mice capable of being systemically reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells have provided new systems where HIV transmission studies can be performed. Specifically, a humanized mouse model of vaginal HIV transmission has been developed that utilizes the humanized bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) mouse. The female reproductive tract (FRT) of humanized BLT mice is reconstituted with functional human immune cells rendering them susceptible to vaginal HIV-1 infection. In this review we focus on four aspects of BLT mice for the study of vaginal HIV-1 transmission: 1) we discuss methods for creating humanized BLT mice and their reconstitution with human hematopoietic cells, 2) we describe reconstitution of the BLT mouse FRT with human immune cells, 3) we highlight the work done regarding vaginal HIV-1 transmission and 4) we summarize the efficacy of systemic pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent vaginal HIV-1 transmission in BLT mice. BLT mice are a highly relevant small animal model for studying vaginal HIV-1 transmission, prevention and therapy.
Statistical system with a fantom scalar interaction in the Gravitation Theory. I. The Microscopic Dynamics
Creators: name: Ignatyev, Yu. G.
name: Ignatyev, D. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the proposed earlier by the Author approach to macroscopic description of scalar interaction, this paper develops the macroscopic model of relativistic plasma with a fantom scalar interaction of elementary particles. In the given model as opposed to previous models a restriction on nonnegativeness of the particles' effective mass is removed.
description: 9 pages, 18 references
Influence of Stellar Multiplicity On Planet Formation. II. Planets Are Less Common in Multiple-Star Systems with Separations Smaller than 1500 AU
Creators: name: Wang, Ji
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Xie, Ji-Wei
name: Ciardi, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost half of the stellar systems in the solar neighborhood are made up of multiple stars. In multiple-star systems, planet formation is under the dynamical influence of stellar companions, and the planet occurrence rate is expected to be different from that for single stars. There have been numerous studies on the planet occurrence rate of single star systems. However, to fully understand planet formation, the planet occurrence rate in multiple-star systems needs to be addressed. In this work, we {infer} the planet occurrence rate in multiple-star systems by measuring the stellar multiplicity rate for planet host stars. For a sub-sample of 56 $Kepler$ planet host stars, we use adaptive optics (AO) imaging and the radial velocity (RV) technique to search for stellar companions. The combination of these two techniques results in high search completeness for stellar companions. We detect 59 visual stellar companions to 25 planet host stars with AO data. {{Three stellar companions are within 2$^{\prime\prime}$, and 27 within 6$^{\prime\prime}$. We also detect 2 possible stellar companions (KOI 5 and KOI 69) showing long-term RV acceleration.}} After correcting for a bias against planet detection in multiple-star systems due to flux contamination, we find that planet formation is suppressed in multiple-star systems with separations smaller than 1500 AU. Specifically, we find that compared to single star systems, planets in multiple-star systems occur $4.5\pm3.2$, $2.6\pm1.0$, and $1.7\pm0.5$ times less frequently when a stellar companion is present at a distance of 10, 100, and 1000 AU, respectively. This conclusion applies only to circumstellar planets; the planet occurrence rate for circumbinary planets requires further investigation.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, accepted by ApJ
Optimal control of laser hardening
Creators: name: Hömberg, Dietmar
name: Sokolowski, Jan
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Laser treatment of materials
subject: phase transitions
subject: state constraints
subject: optimality conditions
subject: 35K55
subject: 49K20
subject: 80A22

description: We present a mathematical model for the laser surface hardening of steel. It consists of a nonlinear heat equation coupled with a system of five ordinary differential equations to describe the volume fractions of the occuring phases. Existence, regularity and stability results are discussed.Since the resulting hardness can be estimated by the volume fraction of martensite, we formulate the problem of surface hardening in terms of an optimal control problem. To avoid surface melting, which would decrease the workpiece's quality, state constraints for the temperature are included. We prove differentiability of the solution operator and derive necessary conditions for optimality.
Adapting to life’s slings and arrows: Individual differences in resilience when recovering from an anticipated threat
Creators: name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
name: Waugh, Christian E.
name: Taylor, Stephan F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Following highly negative events, people are deemed resilient if they maintain psychological stability and experience fewer mental health problems. The current research investigated how trait resilience (Block & Kremen, 1996, ER89) influences recovery from anticipated threats. Participants viewed cues (‘aversive’, ‘threat’, ‘safety’) that signified the likelihood of an upcoming picture (100% aversive, 50/50 aversive/neutral, or 100% neutral; respectively), and provided continuous affective ratings during the cue, picture, and after picture offset (recovery period). Participants high in trait resilience (HighR) exhibited more complete affective recovery (compared to LowR) after viewing a neutral picture that could have been aversive. Although other personality traits previously associated with resilience (i.e., optimism, extraversion, neuroticism) predicted affective responses during various portions of the task, none mediated the influence of trait resilience on affective recovery.
Numerical Solutions for the Simulation of Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits
Creators: name: Hebermehl, Georg
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
name: Schlundt, Rainer
name: Zscheile, Horst
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Microwave device simulation
subject: scattering matrix
subject: Maxwellian equations
subject: boundary value problem
subject: finite-volume method
subject: eigenvalue problem
subject: system of simultaneous linear systems
subject: 35Q60
subject: 35L20
subject: 65N22
subject: 65F10
subject: 65F15

description: The electric properties of monolithic microwave integrated circuits can be described in terms of their scattering matrix using Maxwellian equations. The corresponding three-dimensional boundary value problem of Maxwell's equations can be solved by means of a finite-volume scheme in the frequency domain. This results in a two-step procedure: a time and memory consuming eigenvalue problem for nonsymmetric matrices and the solution of a large-scale system of linear equations with indefinite symmetric matrices. Improved numerical solutions for these two linear algebraic problems are treated.
The Statistical Polarization Properties of Coherent Curvature Radiation by Bunches: Application to Fast Radio Burst Repeaters
Creators: name: Liu, Ze-Nan
name: Wang, Wei-Yang
name: Yang, Yuan-Pei
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extragalactic radio transients with millisecond duration and extremely high brightness temperature. Very recently, some highly circularly polarized bursts were found in a repeater, FRB 20201124A. The significant circular polarization might be produced by coherent curvature radiation by bunches with the line of sight (LOS) deviating from the bunch central trajectories. In this work, we carry out simulations to study the statistical properties of burst polarization within the framework of coherent curvature radiation by charged bunches in the neutron star magnetosphere for repeating FRBs. The flux is almost constant within the opening angle of the bunch. However, when the LOS derivates from the bunch opening angle, the larger the derivation, the larger the circular polarization but the lower the flux. We investigate the statistical distribution of circular polarization and flux of radio bursts from an FRB repeater, and find that most of the bursts with high circular polarization have a relatively low flux. Besides, we find that most of the depolarization degrees of bursts have a small variation in a wide frequency band. Furthermore, we simulate the polarization angle (PA) evolution and find that most bursts show a flat PA evolution within the burst phases, and some bursts present a swing of PA.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Personality predictors of the time course for lung cancer onset
Creators: name: Larsen, Randy J.
name: Fisher, Edwin B.
name: Walker, Mark S.
name: Augustine, Adam A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Numerous findings suggest that personality is linked to the incidence and experience of negative health outcomes. More specifically, trait negative affect is negatively related to a number of health outcomes. The current study expands our understanding of the link between personality and disease by examining the time course for lung cancer onset. In a sample of patients who had recently undergone surgical resection for lung cancer, a variety of negative affect-related personality variables were assessed to determine their relationship with age at surgery. After controlling for smoking behavior, it was found that trait negative affect was associated with time course for lung cancer onset, such that those with higher (vs. lower) levels of trait negative affect manifested lung cancer earlier in their lives. Thus, trait negative affect represents an independent risk factor among those prone to lung cancer (i.e. smokers).
Numerical studies of stochastic resonance
Creators: name: Tretyakov, Michael V.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: stochastic differential equations
subject: numerical methods
subject: stochastic resonance
subject: 65C20
subject: 60H10

description: A new numerical technique is proposed to study the stochastic resonance (SR) phenomenon. The proposed numerical approach allows to find characteristics of SR faster than the previous ones. The signal-to-noise ratio and phase shifts for a system of noisy coupled oscillators are simulated. The spatiotemporal synchronization is shown by means of trajectory analysis.
Does mindfulness attenuate thoughts emphasizing negativity, but not positivity?
Creators: name: Shook, Natalie J.
name: Kiken, Laura G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The current research investigated whether mindfulness is differentially associated with thoughts that emphasize positive or negative valence. In Study 1, trait mindfulness was inversely associated with negative rumination but unassociated with positive rumination, controlling for state affect. In Study 2, participants completed either a mindful breathing meditation or a comparable control exercise, followed by a thought listing while viewing affective images. Compared to the control condition, the mindfulness condition listed proportionately fewer negative thoughts, particularly in response to negative images, and more non-valenced thoughts. The conditions did not differ in their proportions of positive thoughts. These results suggest that mindfulness may attenuate thoughts that emphasize negativity but not those that emphasize positivity.
Massive star archeology in globular clusters
Creators: name: Chantereau, William
name: Charbonnel, Corinne
name: Meynet, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters are among the oldest structures in the Universe and they host today low-mass stars and no gas. However, there has been a time when they formed as gaseous objects hosting a large number of short-lived, massive stars. Many details on this early epoch have been depicted recently through unprecedented dissection of low-mass globular cluster stars via spectroscopy and photometry. In particular, multiple populations have been identified, which bear the nucleosynthetic fingerprints of the massive hot stars long disappeared. Here we discuss how massive star archeology can been done through the lens of these multiple populations.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of IAU Symposium 307: New windows on massive stars: asteroseismology, interferometry, and spectropolarimetry
Perceived Racial Discrimination and Self-Esteem in African American Youth: Racial Socialization as a Protective Factor
Creators: name: Valrie, Cecelia R.
name: Kurtz-Costes, Beth
name: Harris-Britt, April
name: Rowley, Stephanie J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Racial socialization was examined as a protective factor that might buffer African American youth from the negative effects of perceived racial discrimination. Two types of racial socialization were examined: messages about race pride and preparation for bias. One hundred twenty-eight eighth-grade African American students participated in the study. As anticipated, both types of socialization moderated the relationship between discrimination and self-esteem. The negative relationship between perceived discrimination and self-esteem was mitigated for youth who reported more messages about race pride and a moderate amount of preparation for bias from their parents. In contrast, low race pride socialization and both high and low preparation for bias were associated with a negative relationship between perceived discrimination and self-esteem. (Contains 3 tables.)
The spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of Galactic massive stars
Creators: name: Castro, N.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Langer, N.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Izzard, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of stars in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram narrates their evolutionary history and directly assesses their properties. Placing stars in this diagram however requires the knowledge of their distances and interstellar extinctions, which are often poorly known for Galactic stars. The spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (sHRD) tells similar evolutionary tales, but is independent of distance and extinction measurements. Based on spectroscopically derived effective temperatures and gravities of almost 600 stars, we derive for the first time the observational distribution of Galactic massive stars in the sHRD. While biases and statistical limitations in the data prevent detailed quantitative conclusions at this time, we see several clear qualitative trends. By comparing the observational sHRD with different state-of-the-art stellar evolutionary predictions, we conclude that convective core overshooting may be mass-dependent and, at high mass ($\geq 15\,M_\odot$), stronger than previously thought. Furthermore, we find evidence for an empirical upper limit in the sHRD for stars with $T_{\rm{eff}}$ between 10000 and 32000 K and, a strikingly large number of objects below this line. This over-density may be due to inflation expanding envelopes in massive main-sequence stars near the Eddington limit.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A Letters
The Development of Four Types of Adolescent Dating Abuse and Selected Demographic Correlates
Creators: name: Suchindran, Chirayath
name: Mathias, Jasmine
name: Bauman, Karl E.
name: Ennett, Susan T.
name: Benefield, Thad
name: Reyes, Heathe Luz McNaughton
name: Karriker-Jaffe, Katherine J.
name: Foshee, Vangie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This study determined the shape of trajectories from ages 13 to 19 of four types of dating abuse perpetration and examined whether the demographic characteristics of sex, minority status, socioeconomic status, and family structure systematically explained variation in the trajectories. The data are from 5 waves of data collected from 973 adolescents participating in the control group of a randomized trial. The mean trajectory for psychological dating abuse was positive linear, but the mean trajectories were curvilinear for moderate physical, severe physical, and sexual dating abuse. At all ages, boys reported more severe physical and sexual dating abuse than girls, minorities reported more moderate and severe physical dating abuse than whites, adolescents in single-parent-households reported more psychological and severe physical dating abuse than those in two-parent-households, and parental education was negatively associated with psychological and moderate physical dating abuse perpetration. The findings have implications for future research and for practice.
A new characterization of chord-arc domains
Creators: name: Azzam, Jonas
name: Hofmann, Steve
name: Martell, José María
name: Nyström, Kaj
name: Toro, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A75, 28A78, 31A15, 31B05, 35J25, 42B37, 49Q15

description: We show that if $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, $n\geq 1$, is a uniform domain (aka 1-sided NTA domain), i.e., a domain which enjoys interior Corkscrew and Harnack Chain conditions, then uniform rectifiability of the boundary of $Ω$ implies the existence of exterior Corkscrew points at all scales, so that in fact, $Ω$ is a chord-arc domain, i.e., a domain with an Ahlfors-David regular boundary which satisfies both interior and exterior Corkscrew conditions, and an interior Harnack Chain condition. We discuss some implications of this result, for theorems of F. and M. Riesz type, and for certain free boundary problems.
CMNHP Plan
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200502 Australian Literature (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: **NOTE** - The correct citation for this resource is:
RiverofLife, M., Poelina, A., Alexandra, J., & Samnakay, N. (2020). A conservation and management plan for the National Heritage listed Fitzroy River Catchment Estate (No. 1). Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council; Nulungu Research Institute, The University of Notre Dame Australia. https://doi.org/10.32613/nrp/2020.4
You can access this resource from the Notre Dame repository at https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/nulungu_research/4/