cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Temperature variability over the Po Valley, Italy, according to radiosounding data
Creators: name: Petkov, Boyan Hristozov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature variations registered above the southeast part of the Po Valley, Italy have been examined by applying the principal component analysis of radiosoung profiles recorded during the period from 1987 to 2010. Two data sets, considered to describe intra- and inter-annual oscillations, respectively were extracted from the measurements data and the results show that both types of fluctuations can be projected onto four empirical orthogonal functions (EOF), interpreted as vertical distributions of oscillation amplitudes and four uncorrelated time series that represent the evolution of corresponding EOFs. It was found that intra-annual oscillations composed of periods between 30 and 120 days, together with inter-annual variations of 1- to 7-year period contribute to the highest extent (about 70 percents) the temperature oscillations up to 20 km, changing in both cases the phase in the tropopausal region. The other three EOFs indicate prevailing weight of the oscillations in the upper troposphere-low stratosphere region and are characterized by longer periods in both types of fluctuations. The intra-annual variations can be accounted for an interaction between Madden-Julian and Arctic oscillations, while the spectral features of inter-annual fluctuations could be associated with those of Quasi Biennial, El Nino and North Atlantic global oscillations.
Effectiveness of task-specific training using assistive devices and task-specific usual care on upper limb performance after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rozevink, Samantha G.
name: Hijmans, Juha M.
name: Horstink, Koen A.
name: van der Sluis, Corry K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Task-specific rehabilitation is a key indicator for successful rehabilitation to improve the upper limb performance after stroke. Assistive robotic and non-robotic devices are emerging to provide rehabilitation therapy; however, the effectiveness of task-specific training programs using assistive training devices compared with task-specific usual care training has not been summarized yet. Therefore, the effectiveness of task-specific training using assistive arm devices (TST-AAD) compared with task-specific usual care (TSUC) on the upper limb performance of patients with a stroke was investigated. To assess task specificity, a set of criteria was proposed: participation, program, relevant, repeated, randomized, reconstruction and reinforced. Out of 855 articles, 17 fulfilled the selection criteria. A meta-analysis was performed on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores in the subacute and chronic stages after stroke and during follow-up. Both TST-AAD and TSUC improved the upper limb performance after stroke. In the sub-acute phase after stroke, TST-AAD was more effective than TSUC in reducing the upper limb impairment, although findings were based on only three studies. In the chronic phase, TST-AAD and TSUC showed similar effectiveness. No differences between the two types of training were found at the follow-up measurements. Future studies should describe training, device usage and criteria of task specificity in a standardized way to ease comparison.Implications for rehabilitationArm or hand function is often undertreated in stroke patients, assistive training devices may be able to improve the upper limb performance.Task-specific training using assistive devices is effective in improving the upper limb performance after stroke.Task-specific training using assistive devices seems to be more effective in reducing impairment compared with task specific usual care in the subacute phase after stroke, but they are equally effective in the chronic phase of stroke. Arm or hand function is often undertreated in stroke patients, assistive training devices may be able to improve the upper limb performance. Task-specific training using assistive devices is effective in improving the upper limb performance after stroke. Task-specific training using assistive devices seems to be more effective in reducing impairment compared with task specific usual care in the subacute phase after stroke, but they are equally effective in the chronic phase of stroke.
Differentiating bipolar disorder from unipolar depression and ADHD: The utility of the General Behavior Inventory.
Creators: name: Pendergast, Laura L.
name: Black, Chelsea L.
name: Moore, Katie A.
name: Abramson, Lyn Y.
name: Merkitch, Kristen G.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Alloy, Lauren B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Adolescence and early adulthood are the peak ages for the onset of unipolar and bipolar mood disorders. Moreover, for most individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), symptoms and impairment begin in childhood but persist well into adolescence and adulthood (e.g., Barkley, 2010). Thus, adolescence and early adulthood represent a developmental window wherein individuals can be affected by mood disorders, ADHD, or both. Because treatment protocols for unipolar depression (UPD), bipolar disorder (BD), and ADHD are quite different, it is crucial that assessment instruments used among adolescents and young adults differentiate between these disorders. The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the predictive and diagnostic validity of General Behavior Inventory (GBI; Depue, Krauss, Spoont, & Arbisi, 1989) scores in discriminating BD from UPD and ADHD. Participants were drawn from adolescent (n=361) and young adult (n=614) samples. Based on findings from logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics analyses, the diagnostic efficiency of the GBI scales range from fair (discriminating UPD from BD) to good (discriminating BD participants from nonclinical controls). Multilevel diagnostic likelihood ratios are also provided to facilitate individual decision making.
Searches for Long-Lived Particles at the Future FCC-ee
Creators: name: Alimena, J.
name: Azzi, P.
name: Bauer, M.
name: Blondel, A.
name: Drewes, M.
name: Suarez, R. Gonzalez
name: Klaric, J.
name: Kulkarni, S.
name: Mikulenko, O.
name: Neubert, M.
name: Ovchynnikov, M.
name: Rizzi, C.
name: Ruiz, R.
name: Rygaard, L.
name: Sfyrla, A.
name: Sharma, T.
name: Thamm, A.
name: Verhaaren, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-positron stage of the Future Circular Collider, FCC-ee, is a frontier factory for Higgs, top, electroweak, and flavour physics. It is designed to operate in a 100 km circular tunnel built at CERN, and will serve as the first step towards $\geq$ 100 TeV proton-proton collisions. In addition to an essential and unique Higgs program, it offers powerful opportunities to discover direct or indirect evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. Direct searches for long-lived particles at FCC-ee could be particularly fertile in the high-luminosity $Z$ run, where $5\times 10^{12}$ $Z$ bosons are anticipated to be produced for the configuration with two interaction points. The high statistics of Higgs bosons, $W$ bosons and top quarks in very clean experimental conditions could offer additional opportunities at other collision energies. Three physics cases producing long-lived signatures at FCC-ee are highlighted and studied in this paper: heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), axion-like particles (ALPs), and exotic decays of the Higgs boson. These searches motivate out-of-the-box optimization of experimental conditions and analysis techniques, that could lead to improvements in other physics searches.
description: Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement for chronic pain and prescription opioid misuse: Results from an early-stage randomized controlled trial.
Creators: name: Kelly, Amber
name: Williams, Jaclyn M.
name: Froeliger, Brett
name: Howard, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Opioid pharmacotherapy is now the leading treatment for chronic pain, a problem that affects nearly one-third of the United States population. Given the dramatic rise in prescription opioid misuse and opioid-related mortality, novel behavioral interventions are needed. The purpose of this study was to conduct an early stage randomized controlled trial of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE), a multimodal intervention designed to simultaneously target mechanisms underpinning chronic pain and opioid misuse.
Patterns of therapeutic alliance: Rupture–repair episodes in prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder.
Creators: name: Keller, Stephanie M.
name: McLaughlin, AnnaMaria Aguirre
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Zoellner, Lori A.
name: Feeny, Norah C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To better understand the role of therapeutic alliance in PTSD treatment, we examined patterns of and shifts in alliance. First, we identified individuals with repaired ruptures, unrepaired ruptures, and no ruptures in alliance. Then, we explored group differences in these alliance events for clients with common clinical correlates (i.e., co-occurring depression and childhood abuse history) and whether or not the presence of these events influenced treatment outcome.
Predictors and moderators of agreement between clinical and research diagnoses for children and adolescents.
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Feeny, Norah C.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Jensen-Doss, Amanda
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Diagnoses play an important role in treatment planning and monitoring, but extensive research has shown low agreement between clinician-generated diagnoses and those from structured diagnostic interviews. However, most prior studies of agreement have not used research diagnoses based on gold standard methods, and research needs to identify characteristics of diagnostically challenging clients. This study examined agreement between youth diagnoses generated through the research-based LEAD (Longitudinal, Expert, and All Data) Standard to clinician diagnoses.
Measurement of D-meson production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC with the ALICE detector
Creators: name: Jena, Chitrasen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quarks are a powerful probe for investigating the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in heavy-ion collisions, since they are produced in initial hard scattering processes and experience all the stages of the medium evolution. ALICE has measured the production of $\mathrm{D}^0$, $\mathrm{D}^+$, $\mathrm{D}^{*+}$, and $\mathrm{D}_{\mathrm{s}}^+$ mesons at central rapidity in their hadronic decay channels in various collision systems and energies. We present recent results for D-meson production measured by the ALICE Collaboration in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 2.76 TeV, Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=2.76$ TeV and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures; Invited talk presented at the 30th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics (WWND 2014), Galveston, Texas, USA, April 6-12, 2014
Spectral Graph Clustering for Intentional Islanding Operations in Resilient Hybrid Energy Systems
Creators: name: Wu, Jiaxin
name: Chen, Xin
name: Badakhshan, Sobhan
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Wang, Pingfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Establishing cleaner energy generation therefore improving the sustainability of the power system is a crucial task in this century, and one of the key strategies being pursued is to shift the dependence on fossil fuel to renewable technologies such as wind, solar, and nuclear. However, with the increasing number of heterogeneous components included, the complexity of the hybrid energy system becomes more significant. And the complex system imposes a more stringent requirement of the contingency plan to enhance the overall system resilience. Among different strategies to ensure a reliable system, intentional islanding is commonly applied in practical applications for power systems and attracts abundant interest in the literature. In this study, we propose a hierarchical spectral clustering-based intentional islanding strategy at the transmission level with renewable generations. To incorporate the renewable generation that relies on the inverter technology, the frequency measurements are considered to represent the transient response. And it has been further used as embedded information in the clustering algorithm along with other important electrical information from the system to enrich the modeling capability of the proposed framework. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the islanding strategy, the modified IEEE-9 bus and IEEE-118 bus systems coupled with wind farms are considered as the test cases.
Influence of Roulez avec confiance, a peer-led community-based wheelchair skills training program, on manual wheelchair users
Creators: name: Beaudoin, Maude
name: Best, Krista L.
name: Raymond, Émilie
name: Routhier, François
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Few studies have demonstrated that peer-led manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training can increase MWC skills, MWC use self-efficacy and satisfaction with participation of MWC users. Limited information is available on MWC skills training in the community. The primary objective was to measure the influence of Roulez avec confiance (RAC, which translated to “Wheeling with confidence”), a peer-led community-based wheelchair skills training program, on satisfaction with participation. The secondary objectives were to explore the: (1) influence of RAC on MWC use self-efficacy, MWC skills, and quality of life; (2) experiences of the participants who completed RAC and (3) three-month retention of outcomes. A parallel mixed design was used with validated questionnaires on satisfaction with participation (WhOM), MWC use self-efficacy (WheelCon-M), MWC skills (WST-Q), quality of life (SWLS) and a semi-structured interview on participants’ experiences. Non-parametric longitudinal analyses of the questionnaires and thematic content analysis of the interviews were completed. Nineteen community-dwelling MWC users participated. There was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.0001) in all outcomes except quality of life (p = 0.16). Improvements were retained after three months. Participants mentioned their background influenced their experiences in RAC. Positive elements about RAC and areas for improvement were discussed. Participants reported overall positive social experiences and stated that the physical environment influenced RAC. Finally, participants spoke about what they learned and emotions they felt during RAC. Peer-led community-based MWC training influenced satisfaction with participation, MWC skills, and MWC use self-efficacy. This study was a first step in demonstrating the efficiency of RAC.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONLimited information is available on manual wheelchair skills training in the community.Peer-led community-based manual wheelchair training influenced satisfaction with participation, manual wheelchair skills and use self-efficacy.This study was a first step in demonstrating the efficiency of Roulez Avec Confiance. Limited information is available on manual wheelchair skills training in the community. Peer-led community-based manual wheelchair training influenced satisfaction with participation, manual wheelchair skills and use self-efficacy. This study was a first step in demonstrating the efficiency of Roulez Avec Confiance.
The separation of between-person and within-person components of individual change over time: A latent curve model with structured residuals.
Creators: name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: McGinley, James S.
name: Bainter, Sierra A.
name: Howard, Andrea L.
name: Lane, Stephanie T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although recent statistical and computational developments allow for the empirical testing of psychological theories in ways not previously possible, one particularly vexing challenge remains: how to optimally model the prospective, reciprocal relations between two constructs as they developmentally unfold over time. Several analytic methods currently exist that attempt to model these types of relations, and each approach is successful to varying degrees. However, none provide the unambiguous separation of between-person and within-person components of stability and change over time, components that are often hypothesized to exist in the psychological sciences. The goal of our paper is to propose and demonstrate a novel extension of the multivariate latent curve model to allow for the disaggregation of these effects.
Machine learning for many-body physics: The case of the Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Arsenault, Louis-François
name: Lopez-Bezanilla, Alejandro
name: von Lilienfeld, O. Anatole
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning methods are applied to finding the Green's function of the Anderson impurity model, a basic model system of quantum many-body condensed-matter physics. Different methods of parametrizing the Green's function are investigated; a representation in terms of Legendre polynomials is found to be superior due to its limited number of coefficients and its applicability to state of the art methods of solution. The dependence of the errors on the size of the training set is determined. The results indicate that a machine learning approach to dynamical mean-field theory may be feasible.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. Sections II. A and B have been modified and an appendix was added
Celebrating 10 Years of re3data
Creators: name: Weisweiler, Nina Leonie
name: Bertelmann, Roland
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: research data, repositories, re3data, anniversary

description: HMC Conference, , 5 Oct 2022 - 6 Oct 2022; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.7085952
description: The year 2022 marks the 10th anniversary of the Registry of Research Data Repositories, re3data. The global index currently lists almost 3000 digital repositories across all scientific disciplines – critical infrastructures to enable the global exchange of research data. The openly accessible service is used by researchers and services worldwide. It provides extensive descriptions of repositories based on a detailed and publicly available metadata schema. New suggestions and change requests for re3data are managed by an experienced team of editors. The editorial process includes a multi-stage review. An international team of experts thoroughly analyzes the repositories and takes care of metadata completeness and quality. The poster presents the growth, development, and accomplishments of re3data over the past 10 years that have resulted in re3data becoming the most comprehensive and largest information and metadata resource on research data repositories. The poster highlights and summarizes important activities like the initial projects funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), the collaboration and merger with DataBib, and the partnership with DataCite. It also details collaborations like the EU Open Science Monitor, SNF, and FAIR-enabling measures together with the European Community. The poster addresses activities with different research communities in order to initiate intensive talks about best practices and experience made. Furthermore, it highlights the current projects re3data COREF (Community Driven Open Reference for Research Data Repositories / DFG funded) and FAIR Impact (EU funded).
Energy and Matter Supply for Active Droplets
Creators: name: Bauermann, Jonathan
name: Weber, Christoph A.
name: Jülicher, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemically active droplets provide simple models for cell-like systems that can grow and divide. Such active droplet systems are driven away from thermodynamic equilibrium and turn over chemically, which corresponds to a simple metabolism. We consider two scenarios of non-equilibrium driving. First, droplets are driven via the system boundaries by external reservoirs that supply nutrient and remove waste (boundary-driven). Second, droplets are driven by a chemical energy provided by a fuel in the bulk (bulk-driven). For both scenarios, we discuss the conservation of energy and matter as well as the balance of entropy. We use conserved and non-conserved fields to analyze the non-equilibrium steady states of active droplets. Using an effective droplet model, we explore droplet stability and instabilities leading to droplet division. Our work reveals that droplet division occurs quite generally in active droplet systems. Our results suggest that life-like processes such as metabolism and division can emerge in simple non-equilibrium systems that combine the physics of phase separation and chemical reactions.
Mass and Environment as Drivers of Galaxy Evolution III: The constancy of the faint-end slope and the merging of galaxies
Creators: name: Peng, Yingjie
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Renzini, Alvio
name: Carollo, C. Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore using our continuity approach the underlying connections between the evolution of the faint-end slope of the stellar mass function of star-forming galaxies, the logarithmic slope of the sSFR-mass relation and the merging of galaxies. We derive analytically the consequences of the observed constancy of the faint-end slope since redshifts of at least z ~ 2. If the logarithmic slope of the sSFR-mass relation is negative, then the faint-end slope should quickly diverge due to the differential mass increase of galaxies on the star-forming main sequence, and this will also quickly destroy the Schechter form of the mass function. This problem can be solved by removing low mass galaxies by merging them into more massive galaxies. We quantify this process by introducing the specific merger mass rate (sMMR) as the specific rate of mass added to a given galaxy through mergers. For a modest negative value of the logarithmic slope of the sSFR-mass relation of beta ~ -0.1, an average sMMR ~ 0.1sSFR across the population is required to keep the faint-end slope constant with epoch, as observed. This in turn implies a merger rate of ~ 0.2sSFR for major mergers, which is consistent with the available observational estimates. More negative values of beta require higher sMMR and higher merger rates, and the steepening of the mass function becomes impossible to control for beta < ~ -0.6, for an observed value of the faint-end slope of ~ -1.4. The close link that is required between the in situ sSFR and the sMMR probably arises because both are closely linked to the buildup of dark matter haloes. These new findings further develop the formalism for the evolving galaxy population that we introduced earlier, and show how striking symmetries in the galaxy population can emerge as the result of deep links between the physical processes involved.
description: Accepted for Publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Godzilla, a monster lurks in the Sunburst galaxy
Creators: name: Diego, J. M.
name: Pascale, M.
name: Kavanagh, B. J.
name: Kelly, P.
name: Dai, L.
name: Frye, B.
name: Broadhurst, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the strong lensing effect in the galaxy cluster PSZ1 G311.65-18.48 (z=0.443) with an improved version of the hybrid method WSLAP+. We extend the number of constraints by including the position of critical points, which are combined with the classic positional constraints of the lensed galaxies. We pay special attention to a transient candidate source (Tr) previously discovered in the giant Sunburst arc (z=2.37). Our lens model predicts Tr to be within a fraction of an arcsecond from the critical curve, having a larger magnification factor than previously found, but still not large enough to explain the observed flux and lack of counterimages. Possible candidate counterimages are discussed that would lower the magnification required to explain Tr, but extreme magnification factors ($μ>1000$) are still required, even in that case. The presence of a small mass perturber with a mass comparable to a dwarf galaxy ($M\sim 10^8 \,{\rm M}_{\odot}$) near the position of Tr is needed in order to explain the required magnification and morphology of the lensed galaxy. We discuss how the existence of this perturber could potentially be used to constrain models of dark matter. The large apparent brightness and unresolved nature of the magnified object implies a combination of extreme magnification and a very luminous and compact source ($r<0.3$ pc). Possible candidates are discussed, including an hyperluminous star or an accretion disc around an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH). Based on spectral information, we argue that a luminous blue variable (LBV) star caught during an outburst is the most likely candidate. Owing to the extreme magnification and luminosity of this source we dub it Godzilla.
description: 27 pages with 22 figures
Using a shared parameter mixture model to estimate change during treatment when termination is related to recovery speed.
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Gottfredson, Nisha C.
name: Okiishi, John C.
name: Baldwin, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study demonstrates how to use a shared parameter mixture model (SPMM) in longitudinal psychotherapy studies to accommodate missing that are due to a correlation between rate of improvement and termination of therapy. Traditional growth models assume that such a relationship does not exist (i.e., assume that data are missing at random) and will produce biased results if this assumption is incorrect.
Monte Carlo PINNs: deep learning approach for forward and inverse problems involving high dimensional fractional partial differential equations
Creators: name: Guo, Ling
name: Wu, Hao
name: Yu, Xiaochen
name: Zhou, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a sampling based machine learning approach, Monte Carlo physics informed neural networks (MC-PINNs), for solving forward and inverse fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs). As a generalization of physics informed neural networks (PINNs), our method relies on deep neural network surrogates in addition to a stochastic approximation strategy for computing the fractional derivatives of the DNN outputs. A key ingredient in our MC-PINNs is to construct an unbiased estimation of the physical soft constraints in the loss function. Our directly sampling approach can yield less overall computational cost compared to fPINNs proposed in \cite{pang2019fpinns} and thus provide an opportunity for solving high dimensional fractional PDEs. We validate the performance of MC-PINNs method via several examples that include high dimensional integral fractional Laplacian equations, parametric identification of time-space fractional PDEs, and fractional diffusion equation with random inputs. The results show that MC-PINNs is flexible and promising to tackle high-dimensional FPDEs.
Offenbarung und trinitarischer Gottesbegriff: Leitbegriffe theologischen Denkens?
Creators: name: Jeanrond, Werner G.
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 1
Quantum simulation with just-in-time compilation
Creators: name: Efthymiou, Stavros
name: Lazzarin, Marco
name: Pasquale, Andrea
name: Carrazza, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technologies are moving towards the development of novel hardware devices based on quantum bits (qubits). In parallel to the development of quantum devices, efficient simulation tools are needed in order to design and benchmark quantum algorithms and applications before deployment on quantum hardware. In this context, we present a first attempt to perform circuit-based quantum simulation using the just-in-time (JIT) compilation technique on multiple hardware architectures and configurations based on single-node central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). One of the major challenges in scientific code development is to balance the level of complexity between algorithms and programming techniques without losing performance or degrading code readability. In this context, we have developed qibojit: a new module for the Qibo quantum computing framework, which uses a just-in-time compilation approach through Python. We perform systematic performance benchmarks between our JIT approach and a subset of relevant publicly available libraries for quantum computing. We show that our novel approach simplifies the complex aspects of the implementation without deteriorating performance.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted in Quantum, code available in https://github.com/qiboteam/qibo
Psychometric validation of the BDI-II among HIV-positive CHARTER study participants.
Creators: name: De Leo, Joseph A.
name: Heaton, Robert K.
name: Starosta, Amy J.
name: Hobkirk, Andréa L.
name: Marra, Christina M.
name: Earleywine, Mitch
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Rates of depression are high among individuals living with HIV. Accurate assessment of depressive symptoms among this population is important for ensuring proper diagnosis and treatment. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is a widely used measure for assessing depression, however its psychometric properties have not yet been investigated for use with HIV-positive populations in the U.S. The current study was the first to assess the psychometric properties of the BDI-II among a large cohort of HIV-positive participants sampled at multiple sites across the U.S. as part of the CNS HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Effects Research (CHARTER) study. The BDI-II test scores showed good internal consistency (α = 0.93) and adequate test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.83) over a 6-month period. Using a ‘gold standard’ of major depressive disorder determined by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), sensitivity and specificity were maximized at a total cut-off score of 17 and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed that the BDI-II is an adequate diagnostic measure for the sample (AUC = 0.83). The sensitivity and specificity of each score are provided graphically. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the best fit for a 3-factor model over 1-factor and 2-factor models and models with a higher-order factor included. The results suggest that the BDI-II is an adequate measure for assessing depressive symptoms among U.S. HIV-positive patients. Cut-off scores should be adjusted to enhance sensitivity or specificity as needed and the measure can be differentiated into cognitive, affective, and somatic depressive symptoms.
Review and comparison of magnet designs for magnetic refrigeration
Creators: name: Bjørk, R.
name: Bahl, C. R. H.
name: Smith, A.
name: Pryds, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key issues in magnetic refrigeration is generating the magnetic field that the magnetocaloric material must be subjected to. The magnet constitutes a major part of the expense of a complete magnetic refrigeration system and a large effort should therefore be invested in improving the magnet design. A detailed analysis of the efficiency of different published permanent magnet designs used in magnetic refrigeration applications is presented in this paper. Each design is analyzed based on the generated magnetic flux density, the volume of the region where this flux is generated and the amount of magnet material used. This is done by characterizing each design by a figure of merit magnet design efficiency parameter, $Λ_\mathrm{cool}$. The designs are then compared and the best design found. Finally recommendations for designing the ideal magnet design are presented based on the analysis of the reviewed designs.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Dynamical evolution of an eccentric planet and a less massive debris disc
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim D.
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction between an eccentric planet and a less massive external debris disc. This scenario could occur after planet-planet scattering or merging events. We characterise the evolution over a wide range of initial conditions, using a suite of n-body integrations combined with theory. Planets near the disc mid-plane remove the inner debris region, and surviving particles form an eccentric disc apsidally aligned with the planet. The inner disc edge is elliptical and lies just beyond the planet's orbit. Moderately inclined planets ($i_{\rm plt} \gtrsim 20^\circ$ for $e_{\rm plt} = 0.8$) may instead sculpt debris into a bell-shaped structure enveloping the planet's orbit. Finally some highly inclined planets ($i_{\rm plt} \sim 90^\circ$) can maintain a disc orthogonal to the planet's plane. In all cases disc particles undergo rapid evolution, whilst the overall structures evolve more slowly. The shapes of these structures and their density profiles are characterised. The width of the chaotic zone around the planet's orbit is derived in the coplanar case using eccentric Hill radius arguments. This zone is cleared within approximately ten secular or diffusion times (whichever is longer), and debris assumes its final shape within a few secular times. We quantify the planet's migration and show it will almost always be small in this mass regime. Our results may be used to characterise unseen eccentric planets using observed debris features.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
The nutritional and cultural conditions in shake flask culture for improved production of L-Asparaginase from endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. LCJ324: A sequential statistical method
Creators: name: Udayan, Elangovan
name: Kathiravan, Anbarasu
name: Gnanadoss, John Joel
Publisher: name: Italian Journal of Mycology
Year: 2023

description: L-Asparaginase has a greater demand due to its potential application in the food industry as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. To meet this demand, optimization of nutritional as well as physical conditions is critical for scaling up the production of L-Asparaginase. This study aims to achieve enhanced L-Asparaginase production, a therapeutic enzyme from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. LCJ324 isolated from Glycosmis mauritiana (Lam.) Tanaka belonging to the Rutaceae family. Fusarium sp. LCJ324 exhibited L-Asparaginase activity of 8.75 ± 0.55 U mL-1 in modified Czapek Dox broth, the highest among all the seven different media tested by submerged fermentation. Different sources and concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and amino acid inducers (nutritional factors) as well as pH and temperature (physical parameters) were optimized to achieve enhanced L-Asparaginase production. Maximum L-Asparaginase activity of 19.94 ± 0.35 U mL-1 was obtained at 30º C with dextrose (3 g L-1), ammonium sulphate (30 g L-1), and L-Asparagine (20 g L-1) at pH 6. Response Surface Methodology was employed for statistical optimization of minimum and maximum levels of the selected parameters. The levels of parameters suggested by the response surface methodology for maximum production of L-Asparaginase were similar to the conventional optimization. A 2.29 fold increase in L-Asparaginase production was obtained through conventional and statistical optimization.
description: Italian Journal of Mycology, Vol. 52 (2023)
Weak Gravitational Lensing Shear Estimation with Metacalibration for the Roman High-Latitude Imaging Survey
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Masaya
name: Troxel, M. A.
name: Jarvis, Mike
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Hirata, Christopher
name: Long, Heyang
name: Choi, Ami
name: Zhang, Tianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the performance of the Metacalibration shear calibration framework using simulated imaging data for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) reference High-Latitude Imaging Survey (HLIS). The weak lensing program of the Roman mission requires the mean weak lensing shear estimate to be calibrated within about 0.03%. To reach this goal, we can test our calibration process with various simulations and ultimately isolate the sources of residual shear biases in order to improve our methods. In this work, we build on the Roman HLIS image simulation pipeline in Troxel et al. 2021 to incorporate several new realistic processing-pipeline updates necessary to more accurately process the imaging data and calibrate the shear. We show the first results of this calibration for six deg$^2$ of the simulated reference HLIS using Metacalibration and compare these results to measurements on more simple, faster Roman-like image simulations. In both cases, we neglect the impact of blending of objects. We find that in the simplified simulations, Metacalibration can calibrate shapes to be within $m=(-0.01\pm 0.10)$%. When applied to the current most-realistic version of the simulations, the precision is much lower, with estimates of $m=(-1.34\pm 0.67)$% for joint multi-band single-epoch measurements and $m=(-1.13\pm 0.60)$% for multi-band coadd measurements. These results are all consistent with zero within 1-2$σ$, indicating we are currently limited by our simulated survey volume. Further work on testing the shear calibration methodology is necessary at higher precision to reach the level of the Roman requirements, in particular in the presence of blending. Current results demonstrate, however, that the Metacalibration method can work on undersampled space-based Roman imaging data at levels comparable to the requirements of current weak lensing surveys.
description: updated to published version
Relatives’ emotional involvement moderates the effects of family therapy for bipolar disorder.
Creators: name: Miklowitz, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The “critical comments” dimension of the expressed emotion (EE) construct has been found to predict the illness course of patients with bipolar disorder, but less is known about the “emotional overinvolvement” (EOI) component. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether relatives’ observed appropriate and inappropriate emotional involvement (intrusiveness, self-sacrifice, and distress about patients’ well-being) moderated the effectiveness of a family-based intervention for bipolar disorder.
Structural invariance of General Behavior Inventory (GBI) scores in Black and White young adults.
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Brown, Christopher
name: Alloy, Lauren B.
name: Pendergast, Laura L.
name: Abramson, Lyn Y.
name: Jensen, Dane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In the United States, Black and White individuals show discrepant rates of diagnosis of bipolar disorder versus schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder, as well as disparate access to and utilization of treatment for these disorders (e.g., Alegria, Chatterji et al., 2008; Chrishon et al., 2012). Such diagnostic discrepancies might stem from racially-related cognitive biases in clinical judgment or from racial biases in measurements of bipolar disorder. The General Behavior Inventory (GBI) is among the most well-validated and widely used measures of bipolar mood symptoms, but the psychometric properties of the GBI have been examined primarily in predominantly White samples. This study used multi-group confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to examine the invariance of GBI scores across racial groups with a non-clinical sample. Fit was acceptable for tests of configural invariance, equal factor loadings, and equal intercepts, but not invariance of residuals. Findings indicate that GBI scores provide functionally invariant measurement of mood symptoms in both Black and White samples. The use of GBI scores may contribute consistent information to clinical assessments and could potentially reduce diagnostic discrepancies and associated differences in access to and utilization of mental health services.
Linear continuous functionals on FN-type spaces
Creators: name: Gal, Sorin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46S40, 46A20, 46A45, 46E99

description: By using the space of fuzzy numbers, in e.g. [5] have been considered several complete metric spaces (called here {\bf FN}-type spaces) endowed with addition and scalar multiplication, such that the metrics have nice properties but the spaces are not linear, i.e. are not groups with respect to addition and the scalar multiplication is not, in general, distributive with respect to usual scalar addition. This paper deals with the form of linear continuous functionals defined on these spaces.
Convergence of the free energy for spherical spin glasses
Creators: name: Subag, Eliran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the free energy of any spherical mixed $p$-spin model converges as the dimension $N$ tends to infinity. While the convergence is a consequence of the Parisi formula, the proof we give is independent of the formula and uses the well-known Guerra-Toninelli interpolation method. The latter was invented for models with Ising spins to prove that the free energy is super-additive and therefore (normalized by $N$) converges. In the spherical case, however, the configuration space is not a product space and the interpolation cannot be applied directly. We first relate the free energy on the sphere of dimension $N+M$ to a free energy defined on the product of spheres in dimensions $N$ and $M$ to which we then apply the interpolation method. This yields an approximate super-additivity which is sufficient to prove the convergence.
Stochastic and a posteriori optimization to mitigate coil manufacturing errors in stellarator design
Creators: name: Wechsung, Florian
name: Giuliani, Andrew
name: Landreman, Matt
name: Cerfon, Antoine
name: Stadler, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It was recently shown in [Wechsung et. al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2022] that there exist electromagnetic coils that generate magnetic fields which are excellent approximations to quasi-symmetric fields and have very good particle confinement properties. Using a Gaussian process based model for coil perturbations, we investigate the impact of manufacturing errors on the performance of these coils. We show that even fairly small errors result in noticeable performance degradation. While stochastic optimization yields minor improvements, it is not able to mitigate these errors significantly. As an alternative to stochastic optimization, we then formulate a new optimization problem for computing optimal adjustments of the coil positions and currents without changing the shapes of the coil. These a-posteriori adjustments are able to reduce the impact of coil errors by an order of magnitude, providing a new perspective for dealing with manufacturing tolerances in stellarator design.
Therapeutic alliance in a randomized clinical trial for bulimia nervosa.
Creators: name: Crosby, Ross D.
name: Wonderlich, Stephen A.
name: Accurso, Erin C.
name: Mitchell, James E.
name: Peterson, Carol B.
name: Smith, Tracey L.
name: Crow, Scott J.
name: Klein, Marjorie H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study examined the temporal relation between therapeutic alliance and outcome in two treatments for bulimia nervosa (BN).
Equivalence of mean-field avalanches and branching diffusions: From the Brownian force model to the super-Brownian motion
Creators: name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the mean-field theory of avalanches in the dynamics of elastic interfaces, the so-called Brownian force model (BFM) developed recently in non-equilibrium statistical physics, is equivalent to the so-called super-Brownian motion (SBM) developed in probability theory, a continuum limit of branching processes related to {\it space-embedded} Galton-Watson trees. In particular the exact solvability property recently (re-)discovered from the field theory in mean-field avalanches (the "instanton equation") maps onto the so-called Dawson-Watanabe 1968 duality property. In the light of this correspondence we compare the results obtained independently in the two fields, and transport some of them from one field to the other. In particular, we discuss a scaling limit of the branching Brownian motion which maps onto the continuum field theory of mean-field avalanches
description: Main text 16 pages, total with appendices 43 pages, companion paper arXiv:2203.10544