cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experience-driven meaning affects lexical choices during language production
Creators: name: Vogt, Anne
name: Kaup, Barbara
name: Abdel Rahman, Rasha
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Language production
subject: experiential traces
subject: language grounding
subject: hybrid models
subject: lexical selection
subject: semantic processing
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The role of meaning facets based on sensorimotor experiences is well investigated in comprehension but has received little attention in language production research. In two experiments, we investigated whether experiential traces of space influenced lexical choices when participants completed visually presented sentence fragments (e.g., “You are at the sea and you see a . . .”) with spoken nouns (e.g., “dolphin,” “palm tree”). The words were presented consecutively in an ascending or descending direction, starting from the centre of the screen. These physical spatial cues did not influence lexical choices. However, the produced nouns met the spatial characteristics of the broader sentence contexts such that the typical spatial locations of the produced noun referents were predicted by the location of the situations described by the sentence fragments (i.e., upper or lower sphere). By including distributional semantic similarity measures derived from computing cosine values between sentence nouns and produced nouns using a web-based text corpus, we show that the meaning dimension of “location in space” guides lexical selection during speaking. We discuss the relation of this spatial meaning dimension to accounts of experientially grounded and usage-based theories of language processing and their combination in hybrid approaches. In doing so, we contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the many facets of meaning processing during language production and their impact on the words we select to express verbal messages.
Intelligent Kindness in UK student nurse practice placements? A Mixed Methods study
Creators: name: Shaw, Jenny
Publisher: name: Leeds Beckett University
Year: 2023

description: The study aim was to examine the impacts of the theory and practice gap in UK pre-registration nursing student`s practice education, fifty percent of their undergraduate programme. Nursing student`s real- world clinical learning environments are crucial for progression to the professional register because this is where they learn to become nurses. This element of UK nursing student`s educational programmes is currently challenging, both in resources and organisational culture.This study used the Clinical Learning Environment Scale (CLES) (Saarikoski & Leino-Kilpi 2002) and lens of intelligent kindness (Ballatt & Campling 2011) to understand nursing student`s experiences in practice settings. This is a new conceptual application of this theory, examining this area of concern, and provides one element of this study`s originality. A convergent mixed methods research design with a longitudinal approach, and three-point data collection, was used. The CLES framework (Saarikoski & Leino-Kilpi 2002) provided the data collection instrument for the quantitative phase and informed the focus group questions in the subsequent qualitative phase. The integrated findings resulted in the development of an original new model, the Clinical Learning Environment Relationship Model (CLERM), which represents the main element of this study`s contribution to the knowledge for this area of concern. This study`s findings confirms the hypothesis, in the literature, that the supervisory relationship, at the micro level of influence, is pivotal for student nurse`s practice education. The CLERM, with intelligent kindness (Ballatt & Campling 2011) as the central conceptual framework, and study lens, moves the discourse to the wider organisational spheres of influence. Including the broader areas of responsibility and accountability impacting nursing student`s real-world clinical learning environments. Recognition of the influences across the micro, meso and macro levels of impact informed the recommendations for application to practice, healthcare policy makers and future research.
Atom optics with microfabricated optical elements
Creators: name: Birkl, G.
name: Buchkremer, F.B.J.
name: Dumke, R.
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: atom optics
subject: atom interferometry
subject: laser cooling
subject: quantum information processing
subject: microoptics
subject: microfabrication
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We introduce a new direction in the field of atom optics, atom interferometry, and neutral-atom quantum information processing. It is based on the use of microfabricated optical elements. With these elements versatile and integrated atom optical devices can be created in a compact fashion. This approach opens the possibility to scale, parallelize, and miniaturize atom optics for new investigations in fundamental research and application. It will lead to new, compact sources of ultracold atoms, compact sensors based on matter wave interference and new approaches towards quantum computing with neutral atoms. The exploitation of the unique features of the quantum mechanical behavior of matter waves and the capabilities of powerful state-of-the-art micro- and nanofabrication techniques lend this approach a special attraction
Thiosilicate der Lanthanide : Synthesen, Kristallstrukturen und magnetische Eigenschaften
Creators: name: Hatscher, Stephan Tobias
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Lanthanide compound
subject: thiosilicate
subject: crystal structure
subject: magnetism
subject: angular-overlap-model
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Ultragenaue Taktgeber : Optische Uhren in der Anwendung
Creators: name: Schnatz, Harald
name: Paschke, Anna-Greta
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optische Uhr
subject: Optische Atomuhr
subject: Geodäsie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Im HITec arbeiten Geodäten und Physiker der Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) zusammen mit Wissenschaftlern der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB) unter anderem daran, optische Uhren und deren Vergleiche für Anwendungen in der sogenannten relativistischen Geodäsie zu erschließen. Anhand dieser neuen Technologien können unter anderem postglaziale Anhebung von Landmassen oder der Anstieg des Meerwasserspiegels vermessen werden.
Site-selective $d^{10}$/$d^0$ substitution in a $S = 1/2$ spin ladder Ba$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$ ($0 \leq x \leq 0.3$)
Creators: name: Pughe, Charlotte E.
name: Mustonen, Otto H. J.
name: Gibbs, Alexandra S.
name: Etter, Martin
name: Liu, Cheng
name: Dutton, Siân E.
name: Friskney, Aidan
name: Hyatt, Neil C.
name: Stenning, Gavin B. G.
name: Mutch, Heather M.
name: Coomer, Fiona C.
name: Cussen, Edmund J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remarkably, doping isovalent $d^{10}$ and $d^0$ cations onto the $B$'' site in $A_2B$'$B$''O$_6$ double perovskites has the power to direct the magnetic interactions between magnetic $B$' cations. This is due to changes in orbital hybridization, which favors different superexchange pathways, and leads to the formation of alternative magnetic structures depending on whether $B$'' is $d^{10}$ or $d^0$. Furthermore, the competition generated by introducing mixtures of $d^{10}$ and $d^0$ cations can drive the material into the realms of exotic quantum magnetism. Here, a W$^{6+}$ $d^0$ dopant was introduced to a $d^{10}$ hexagonal perovskite Ba$_2$CuTeO$_6$, which possesses a spin ladder geometry of Cu$^{2+}$ cations, creating a Ba$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$ solid solution ($x$ = 0 - 0.3). Neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction show that W$^{6+}$ is almost exclusively substituted for Te$^{6+}$ on the corner-sharing site within the spin ladder, in preference to the face-sharing site between ladders. This means the intra-ladder interactions are selectively tuned by the $d^0$ cations. Bulk magnetic measurements suggest this suppresses magnetic ordering in a similar manner to that observed for the spin-liquid like material Sr$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$. This further demonstrates the utility of $d^{10}$ and $d^0$ dopants as a tool for tuning magnetic ground states in a wide range of perovskites and perovskite-derived structures.
description: 26+24 pages, 7+20 figures
Der vietnamesische Buddhismus in den USA : der Stellenwert des Glaubens in der neuen Heimat
Creators: name: Ho, Loc
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Vietnamese
subject: buddhism
subject: USA
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::200 | Religion, Religionsphilosophie

description: [no abstract]
Amaranthus caudatus L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. caudatus L. Cat. L und 306.. Die Angaben des Cat. beziehen sichmöglicherweise auf Formen von A. hybridus ssp. cruentus var. paniculatus.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Far-infrared optical conductivity of CeCu2Si2
Creators: name: Sichelschmidt, J.
name: Herzog, A.
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Steglich, F.
name: Iizuka, T.
name: Kimura, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Journal ref.: J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 25, 065602 (2013): We investigated the optical reflectivity of the heavy-fermion metal CeCu2Si2 in the energy range 3 meV - 30 eV for temperatures between 4K - 300K. The results for the charge dynamics indicate a behavior that is expected for the formation of a coherent heavy quasiparticle state: Upon cooling the spectra of the optical conductivity indicate a narrowing of the coherent response. Below temperatures of 30 K a considerable suppression of conductivity evolves below a peak structure at 13 meV. We assign this gap-like feature to strong electron correlations due to the 4f-conduction electron hybridization.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Isolierung und Charakterisierung von mRamp, einem neuen Retinoid-induzierten Homolog in der Maus
Creators: name: Hückel, Markus
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Retinoic acid
subject: RARalpha
subject: limb development
subject: teratogenesis
subject: proliferation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Revisiting the hot matter in the center of gamma-ray bursts and supernova
Creators: name: Li, A.
name: Liu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot matter with nucleons can be produced in the inner region of the neutrino-dominated accretion flow in gamma-ray bursts or during the proto-neutron star birth in successful supernova. The composition and equation of state of the matter depend on the dynamic $β$ equilibrium under various neutrino opacities. The strong interaction between nucleons may also play an important role. We plan to extend the previous studies by incorporating these two aspects in our model. The modification of the $β$-equilibrium condition from neutrino optically thin to thick has been modeled by an equilibrium factor $χ$ ranging between the neutrino-freely-escaping case and the neutrino-trapped case. We employ the microscopic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach extended to the finite temperature regime to study the interacting nucleons. We show that the composition and chemical potentials of the hot nuclear matter for different densities and temperatures at each stage of $β$ equilibrium. We also compare our realistic equation of states with those of the free gas model. We find the neutrino opacity and the strong interaction between nucleons are important for the description and should be taken into account in model calculations.
description: accepted Astronomy & Astrophysics (2013)
Boosting API Misuse Detection via Integrating API Constraints from Multiple Sources
Creators: name: Green, Icey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461201
subject: Automated software engineering

description: Boosting API Misuse Detection via Integrating API Constraints from Multiple SourcesThis repository provides code used in the paper "Boosting API Misuse Detection via Integrating API Constraints from Multiple Sources". It includes client code constraint extraction, library code and library document constraint extraction, API constraint graph construction, and API misuse detection.Dataset:1. Our client project set includes 420 projects from github, you can find their download links in the dataset of the repository.2. We mine API constraints for the target API set, which encompasses 128 target APIs. You can find the target APIs and their version links to the library files in the dataset section of the repository.3. For the qualitative analysis, we provide sample data and sampling results, which you can find in the repository.Usage:First, you should download the corresponding dataset via our dataset description.You can extract constraints in client code via the myExtractor module.You can extract constraints in library code and library documentation through the myCLExtractor module.You can construct API constraint graphs through the myGraaph module.You can implement API misuse detection through the myDetect module.ReferenceIf you use this code, please consider citing us.
A sequential algorithm for fast fitting of Dirichlet process mixture models
Creators: name: Nott, David
name: Zhang, Xiaole
name: Yau, Chris
name: Jasra, Ajay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we propose an improvement on the sequential updating and greedy search (SUGS) algorithm Wang and Dunson for fast fitting of Dirichlet process mixture models. The SUGS algorithm provides a means for very fast approximate Bayesian inference for mixture data which is particularly of use when data sets are so large that many standard Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms cannot be applied efficiently, or take a prohibitively long time to converge. In particular, these ideas are used to initially interrogate the data, and to refine models such that one can potentially apply exact data analysis later on. SUGS relies upon sequentially allocating data to clusters and proceeding with an update of the posterior on the subsequent allocations and parameters which assumes this allocation is correct. Our modification softens this approach, by providing a probability distribution over allocations, with a similar computational cost; this approach has an interpretation as a variational Bayes procedure and hence we term it variational SUGS (VSUGS). It is shown in simulated examples that VSUGS can out-perform, in terms of density estimation and classification, the original SUGS algorithm in many scenarios. In addition, we present a data analysis for flow cytometry data, and SNP data via a three-class dirichlet process mixture model illustrating the apparent improvement over SUGS.
PvdO is required for the oxidation of dihydropyoverdine as the last step of fluorophore formation in Pseudomonas fluorescensDihydropyoverdine oxidation by PvdO
Creators: name: Ringel, Michael T.
name: Dräger, Gerald
name: Brüser, Thomas
Publisher: name: Bethesda, Md. : ASBMB Publications
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: fluorophore formation
subject: periplasmic maturation
subject: Pseudomonas fluorescens
subject: pyoverdines
subject: siderophore
subject: Pseudomonas
subject: iron
subject: oxidation-reduction (redox)
subject: biosynthesis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Pyoverdines are important siderophores that guarantee iron supply to important pathogenic and non-pathogenic pseudomonads in host habitats. A key characteristic of all pyoverdines is the fluorescent dihydroxyquinoline group that contributes two ligands to the iron complexes. Pyoverdines are derived from the non-ribosomally synthesized peptide ferribactin, and their fluorophore is generated by periplasmic oxidation and cyclization reactions of d-tyrosine and l-diaminobutyric acid. The formation of the fluorophore is known to be driven by the periplasmic tyrosinase PvdP. Here we report that the putative periplasmic oxidoreductase PvdO of Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 is required for the final oxidation of dihydropyoverdine to pyoverdine, which completes the fluorophore. The pvdO deletion mutant accumulates dihydropyoverdine, and this phenotype is fully complemented by recombinant PvdO. The autoxidation of dihydropyoverdine at alkaline pH and the presence of high copper concentrations can mask this phenotype. Mutagenesis of conserved residues with potential catalytic function identified Glu-260 as an essential residue whose mutation abolished function without affecting stability or transport. Glu-260 of PvdO is at the exact position of the active-site cysteine in the structurally related formylglycine-generating enzyme. Evolution thus used the same protein fold for two distinct functionalities. As purified PvdO was inactive, additional factors are required for catalysis.
Envelope from Lhasa to Kathmandu (via Pharijong [Tibet]), 1934
Creators: name: Chhusingsya, Chaityaratna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Postal stationery
Commerce

description: Envelope from Chaityaratna Chhusingsya [also spelled Chaitya Ratna] to Kesaratna Nardeititol Pasana
Adaptive Brownian Dynamics
Creators: name: Sammüller, Florian
name: Schmidt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A framework for performant Brownian Dynamics (BD) many-body simulations with adaptive timestepping is presented. Contrary to the Euler-Maruyama scheme in common non-adaptive BD, we employ an embedded Heun-Euler integrator for the propagation of the overdamped coupled Langevin equations of motion. This enables the derivation of a local error estimate and the formulation of criteria for the acceptance or rejection of trial steps and for the control of optimal stepsize. Introducing erroneous bias in the random forces is avoided by Rejection Sampling with Memory (RSwM) due to Rackauckas and Nie, which makes use of the Brownian bridge theorem and guarantees the correct generation of a specified random process even when rejecting trial steps. For test cases of Lennard-Jones fluids in bulk and in confinement, it is shown that adaptive BD solves performance and stability issues of conventional BD, already outperforming the latter even in standard situations. We expect this novel computational approach to BD to be especially helpful in long-time simulations of complex systems, e.g. in non-equilibrium, where concurrent slow and fast processes occur.
Independent tuning of excitonic emission energy and decay time in single semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Höfer, B.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Wildmann, J.
name: Zallo, E.
name: Trotta, R.
name: Ding, Fei
name: Rastelli, A.
name: Schmidt, O.G.
Publisher: name: College Park, ML : American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Electric fields
subject: Excitons
subject: Locks (fasteners)
subject: Nanocrystals
subject: Particle beams
subject: Photons
subject: Piezoelectric actuators
subject: Tuning
subject: Biaxial strains
subject: Closed-loop feedback
subject: Emission energies
subject: Excitonic emission energy
subject: Indistinguishability
subject: Neutral excitons
subject: Single-photon source
subject: Vertical electric fields
subject: Semiconductor quantum dots
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Independent tuning of emission energy and decay time of neutral excitons confined in single self-assembled In(Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots is achieved by simultaneously employing vertical electric fields and lateral biaxial strain fields. By locking the emission energy via a closed-loop feedback on the piezoelectric actuator used to control the strain in the quantum dot, we continuously decrease the decay time of an exciton from 1.4 to 0.7 ns. Both perturbations are fully electrically controlled and their combination offers a promising route to engineer the indistinguishability of photons emitted from spatially separated single photon sources. © 2017 Author(s).
Quasi-periodic events in crystal plasticity and the self-organized avalanche oscillator
Creators: name: Papanikolaou, Stefanos
name: Dimiduk, Dennis M.
name: Choi, Woosong
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Uchic, Michael D.
name: Woodward, Chris F.
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When external stresses in a system - physical, social or virtual - are relieved through impulsive events, it is natural to focus on the attributes of these avalanches. However, during the quiescent periods in between, stresses may be relieved through competing processes, such as slowly flowing water between earthquakes or thermally activated dislocation flow between plastic bursts. Such unassuming, smooth responses can have dramatic effects on the avalanche properties. Here we report a thorough experimental investigation of slowly compressed Ni microcrystals, covering three orders of magnitude in nominal strain rate, that exhibits unconventional quasi-periodic avalanche bursts and higher critical exponents as the strain rate is decreased. Our analytic and computational study naturally extends dislocation avalanche modeling to incorporate dislocation relaxations and reveals the emergence of the self-organized avalanche oscillator, a novel critical state exhibiting oscillatory approaches toward a depinning critical point. We demonstrate that the predictions of our theory are faithfully exhibited in our experiments.
description: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v490/n7421/full/nature11568.html, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v490/n7421/index.html . Supplementary Information for this work can be found here: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v490/n7421/extref/nature11568-s1.pdf
MetDect WP4: Dataset on the chemical composition of non-ferrous artefacts
Creators: name: Kurisoo, Tuuli
name: Saage, Ragnar
Publisher: name: Humanitaarteaduste instituut, Tallinna Ülikool
Year: 2023
Subjects: chemical composition
archaeology
Estonia

description: This dataset contains information on the chemical composition of archaeological finds (pXRF data) from Estonia, obtained with the SPECTRO xSORT analyser in August 2022. All analysed finds are stored at the Archaeological Research Collection of Tallinn University. The dataset consists of measurements normalised to 100% and is divided into three sections (silver brooches, pewter objects and copper alloy objects). Tuuli Kurisoo and Ragnar Saage presented the results of the analysis "A pilot study of the workshop areas in Estonia" at the 28th EAA Annual Meeting in Budapest, Hungary, in the session "Metals and metalwork in the Borderlands" on 2 September 2022. Andmekogu sisaldab Eestist leitud arheoloogiliste leidude keemilise koostise analüüsi (pXRF meetodil), mis mõõdeti 2022. aasta augustis kasutades SPECTRO xSORT instrumenti. Kõik analüüsitud leiud pärinevad Tallinna Ülikooli arheoloogia teaduskogust. Andmekogu sisaldab mõõtmise tulemusi, mis on 100%-ni normaliseeritud. Tuuli Kurisoo ja Ragnar Saage esitasid saadud tulemusi suulise ettekandega “A pilot study of the workshop areas in Estonia” 28. Euroopa arheoloogide assotsiatsiooni aastakonverentsil Budapestis, Ungaris, sessioonil session "Metals and metalwork in the Borderlands" 2. septembril 2022.
title: The influence of thickness and carbonation on consumers’ perception of freshness in alcoholic beverages
Creators: name: Roque, Jeremy
name: Giboreau, Agnès
name: Britt, Anne-Cécile
Publisher: name: Institut Paul Bocuse Research Center
Year: 2018

description: The perception of freshness has received consideration in consumer studies since it is generally perceived as pleasurable by consumers in food and beverage products and it may be expected to influence their purchase and consumption behavior. Online surveys and laboratory studies have shown that somesthetic parameters such as carbonation and fluid texture may contribute to the experience of freshness in soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The experiment reported here aimed at investigating the influence of thickness and carbonation on the perception and judgments of freshness as well as the corresponding liking of alcoholic beverages in a real consumption context. The results revealed that carbonation (oral-somatosensory cues in this experiment) increases the intensity of the perceived freshness whereas thickness decreases it. Moreover, the sparkling cocktail that was perceived as the freshest was also the most appreciated. These results pave the way for further investigation on the respective contributions of the different perceptual features that may influence the perception of freshness as well as the various crossmodal interactions that come to play during the consumption of beverages
Tetragonia expansa Murray
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: T. tetragonioides (Pallas) 0. Kuntze (T. expansa Murray) Gebaut und verwildert. Verv/ildert: 2: Siders, auf Ödland(Becherer 1940).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Graver degrees are not polynomially bounded by true circuit degrees
Creators: name: Tatakis, Christos
name: Thoma, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M25, 05E40, 13P25

description: Let $I_A$ be a toric ideal. We prove that the degrees of the elements of the Graver basis of $I_A$ are not polynomially bounded by the true degrees of the circuits of $I_A$.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Crack initiation and propagation in sweet cherry skin: A simple chain reaction causes the crack to ‘run’
Creators: name: Schumann, Christine
name: Winkler, Andreas
name: Brüggenwirth, Martin
name: Köpcke, Kevin
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cherry
subject: macrocracks
subject: microcracks
subject: Light microscopy
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Rain cracking severely affects the commercial production of many fleshy-fruit species, including of sweet cherries. The objectives were to investigate how the gaping macroscopic cracks (macrocracks) of a rain-cracked fruit can develop from microscopic cracks in the cuticle (microcracks). Incubating fruit in deionized water is well known to cause significant macrocracking. We found that after a lag phase of 2 h, the numbers and lengths of macrocracks increased. Macrocrack number approached an asymptote at 12 h, whereas macrocrack length continued to increase. The rate of macrocrack propagation (extension at the crack tip) was initially 10.8 mm h-1 but then decreased to a near-constant 0.5 mm h-1. Light microscopy revealed three characteristic zones along a developing macrocrack. In zone I (ahead of the crack), the cuticle was intact, the epidermal cells were unbroken and their cell walls were thin. In zone II, the cuticle was fractured, the first epidermal cells died and their cell walls began to thicken (swell). In zone III, most epidermal cells had died, their cell walls were swollen and cell:cell separation began along the middle lamellae. The thickness of the anticlinal epidermal cell walls and the percentage of intact living cells along a crack were closely and negatively related. Cracks were stained by calcofluor white, but there was no binding of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for hemicelluloses (LM11, LM21, LM25). Strong binding was obtained with the anti-homogalacturonan mAb (LM19), indicating the presence of unesterified homogalacturonans on the crack surface. We conclude that macrocrack propagation is related to cell death and to cell wall swelling. Cell wall swelling weakens the cell:cell adhesion between neighbouring epidermal cells, which separate along their middle lamellae. The skin macrocrack propagates like a ‘run’ in a fine, knitted fabric. © 2019 Schumann et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
title: The Experimental Cafe: An Exploratory Study On Consumers' Behaviour Towards Food Information In A Natural Consumption Context
Creators: name: Galiñanes Plaza, Adriana
Publisher: name: Institut Paul Bocuse Research Center
Year: 2018

description: On November 21st-23rd, 2017, the Center for Food and Hospitality Research of the Institut Paul Bocuse participated in Food Matters Live. During the event, a live experiment on the effect of information on food choices was set up in partnership with Levy Restaurants and Food Matters Live. During the three days of the experiment, data were collected at the lunch break.The information of the set menus was slightly modified every day, with the rest of the context and food offer being kept constant. 188 conference attendees, took their meal at the experimental café during the three days of the event and participated in the experiment. The data collected allows exploring the impact of context factors (information) on consumer decision-making for food. Moreover, the performance of a study in a real-life setting brought us several insights concerning this type of experiments.
Soil nitrogen and water management by winter-killed catch crops
Creators: name: Gentsch, Norman
name: Heuermann, Diana
name: Boy, Jens
name: Schierding, Steffen
name: Von Wirén, Nicolaus
name: Schweneker, Dörte
name: Feuerstein, Ulf
name: Kümmerer, Robin
name: Bauer, Bernhard
name: Guggenberger, Georg
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: catch crop
subject: growth
subject: nitrogen cycle
subject: soil nitrogen
subject: spatiotemporal analysis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Improving N cycling in agroecosystems is one of the key challenges in reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture. Further, uncertainty in precipitation makes crop water management relevant in regions where it has not been necessary thus far. Here, we focus on the potential of winter-killed catch crops (CCs) to reduce N leaching losses from N mineralization over the winter and from soil water management. We compared four single CCs (white mustard, phacelia, Egyptian clover and bristle oat) and two CC mixtures with 4 and 12 plant species (Mix4 and Mix12) with a fallow treatment. High-resolution soil mineral N (Nmin) monitoring in combination with the modelling of spatiotemporal dynamics served to assess N cycling under winter-killed CCs, while soil water was continuously monitored in the rooting zone. Catch crops depleted the residual Nmin pools by between 40 % and 72 % compared to the fallow. The amount of residual N uptake was lowest for clover and not significantly different among the other CCs. Catch crops that produce high N litter materials, such as clover and mustard leaves, showed an early N mineralization flush immediately after their termination and the highest leaching losses from litter mineralization over the winter. Except for clover, all CCs showed Nmin values between 18 % and 92 % higher on the sowing date of the following maize crop. However, only Mix12 was statistically significant. Catch crops depleted the soil water storage in the rooting zone during their growth in autumn and early winter, but preserved water later on when their residues covered the ground. The shallow incorporation of CC residues increased water storage capacity during the cropping season of the main crop even under reduced soil water availability. Hence, catch cropping is not just a simple plant cover for the winter but improves the growth conditions for the following crop with decreased N losses. Mixtures have been shown to compensate for the weaknesses of individual CC species in terms of nutrient capture, mineralization and transfer to the following main crop as well as for soil water management. Detailed knowledge about plant performance during growth and litter mineralization patterns is necessary to make optimal use of their potential.
The K2 Galactic Archaeology Program Data Release 3: Age-abundance patterns in C1-C8 and C10-C18
Creators: name: Zinn, Joel C.
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Elsworth, Yvonne
name: García, Rafael A.
name: Kallinger, Thomas
name: Mathur, Savita
name: Mosser, Benoît
name: Hon, Marc
name: Bugnet, Lisa
name: Jones, Caitlin
name: Reyes, Claudia
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Schönrich, Ralph
name: Warfield, Jack T.
name: Luger, Rodrigo
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Pinsonneault, Marc H.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Buder, Sven
name: Joyce, Meridith
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Casagrande, Luca
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Miglio, Andrea
name: Nordlander, Thomas
name: Davies, Guy R.
name: De Silva, Gayandhi
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Aguirre, Victor Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the third and final data release of the K2 Galactic Archaeology Program (K2 GAP) for Campaigns C1-C8 and C10-C18. We provide asteroseismic radius and mass coefficients, $κ_R$ and $κ_M$, for $\sim 19,000$ red giant stars, which translate directly to radius and mass given a temperature. As such, K2 GAP DR3 represents the largest asteroseismic sample in the literature to date. K2 GAP DR3 stellar parameters are calibrated to be on an absolute parallactic scale based on Gaia DR2, with red giant branch and red clump evolutionary state classifications provided via a machine-learning approach. Combining these stellar parameters with GALAH DR3 spectroscopy, we determine asteroseismic ages with precisions of $\sim 20-30\%$ and compare age-abundance relations to Galactic chemical evolution models among both low- and high-$α$ populations for $α$, light, iron-peak, and neutron-capture elements. We confirm recent indications in the literature of both increased Ba production at late Galactic times, as well as significant contribution to r-process enrichment from prompt sources associated with, e.g., core-collapse supernovae. With an eye toward other Galactic archaeology applications, we characterize K2 GAP DR3 uncertainties and completeness using injection tests, suggesting K2 GAP DR3 is largely unbiased in mass/age and with uncertainties of $2.9\%\,(\rm{stat.})\,\pm0.1\%\,(\rm{syst.})$ & $6.7\%\,(\rm{stat.})\,\pm0.3\%\,(\rm{syst.})$ in $κ_R$ & $κ_M$ for red giant branch stars and $4.7\%\,(\rm{stat.})\,\pm0.3\%\,(\rm{syst.})$ & $11\%\,(\rm{stat.})\,\pm0.9\%\,(\rm{syst.})$ for red clump stars. We also identify percent-level asteroseismic systematics, which are likely related to the time baseline of the underlying data, and which therefore should be considered in TESS asteroseismic analysis.
description: Published in ApJ; machine-readable tables available through the open access online journal article
Topology optimization of dispersive plasmonic nanostructures in the time-domain
Creators: name: Hassan, Emadeldeen
name: Lesina, Antonio Calà
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Soc.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Finite difference time domain method
subject: Frequency domain analysis
subject: Integrated optics
subject: Inverse problems
subject: Nonlinear optics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Topology optimization techniques have been applied in integrated optics and nanophotonics for the inverse design of devices with shapes that cannot be conceived by human intuition. At optical frequencies, these techniques have only been utilized to optimize nondispersive materials using frequency-domain methods. However, a time-domain formulation is more efficient to optimize materials with dispersion. We introduce such a formulation for the Drude model, which is widely used to simulate the dispersive properties of metals, conductive oxides, and conductive polymers. Our topology optimization algorithm is based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and we introduce a time-domain sensitivity analysis that enables the evaluation of the gradient information by using one additional FDTD simulation. The existence of dielectric and metallic structures in the design space produces plasmonic field enhancement that causes convergence issues. We employ an artificial damping approach during the optimization iterations that, by reducing the plasmonic effects, solves the convergence problem. We present several design examples of 2D and 3D plasmonic nanoantennas with optimized field localization and enhancement in frequency bands of choice. Our method has the potential to speed up the design of wideband optical nanostructures made of dispersive materials for applications in nanoplasmonics, integrated optics, ultrafast photonics, and nonlinear optics.
Bubaridae Topsent 1894
Creators: name: Morrow, Christine
name: Cárdenas, Paco
name: Boury-Esnault, Nicole
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Mccormack, Grace
name: Soest, Rob Van
name: Collins, Allen
name: Redmond, Niamh
name: Maggs, Christine
name: Sigwart, Julia
name: Allcock, Louise A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Bubarida
Bubaridae

description: FAMILY BUBARIDAE TOPSENT, 1894
Type genus: Bubaris Gray, 1867.
description: Published as part of Morrow, Christine, Cárdenas, Paco, Boury-Esnault, Nicole, Picton, Bernard, Mccormack, Grace, Soest, Rob Van, Collins, Allen, Redmond, Niamh, Maggs, Christine, Sigwart, Julia & Allcock, Louise A., 2019, Integrating morphological and molecular taxonomy with the revised concept of Stelligeridae (Porifera: Demospongiae), pp. 31-81 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on page 68
Untersuchung der Speziation und des Transferverhaltens von Plutonium und Americium im System Boden-Pflanze zur Dosisabschätzung beim Anbau von Nutzpflanzen
Creators: name: Pottgießer, Simon
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plutonium
subject: Americium
subject: Migration
subject: Sorption
subject: Boden-Pflanze-Transfer
subject: sequentielle Extraktion
subject: Grundwasser
subject: Lysimeter
subject: Speziation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Die untertägige Verbringung von radioaktivem Abfall aus der kerntechnischen Energieerzeugung sowie eine mögliche Freisetzung langlebiger Radionuklide aus Endlagern im Störfallszenario erfordern eine detaillierte Kenntnis über das Verhalten der Radionuklide in der Geo- und Biosphäre. Durch landwirtschaftliche Nutzung von kontaminierten Ackerflächen ist insbesondere das System Grundwasser - Boden - Pflanze von Bedeutung, da der Verzehr von auf diesen Flächen kultivierten Nutzpflanzen zu einer Akkumulation der radiotoxischen Nuklide im Körper und folglich zu einer zusätzlichen Strahlendosis für die Bevölkerung führen kann. In dieser Arbeit wurden das Sorptions- und Migrationsverhalten von Plutonium und Americium an verschiedenen deutschen Referenzböden mittels Batch- und Säulenversuchen untersucht. Die Aufnahme der Radionuklide 238Pu und 243Am aus den radioaktiv markierten Böden in die verschiedenen Kompartimente der Nutzpflanzen Karotte (Daucus carota), Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum), Erbse (Pisum sativum) und Weizen (Triticum aestivum) wurde in Gefäßversuchen untersucht und Transferfaktoren bestimmt. Die Migration von Plutonium und Americium im System Boden-Grundwasser wurde mittels eines Langzeit-Lysimeterexperimentes analysiert, auf Basis der dort in-situ gemessenen pH und Eh-Werte wurden zusätzlich die unterschiedlichen Radionuklidspeziationen mittels „PHREEQC“ berechnet. Zur Ermittlung des bioverfügbaren Plutoniumanteils im Boden wurden sequentielle Extraktionen an markierten Böden durchgeführt. Als Methoden kamen überwiegend Alpha- und Gammaspektrometrie zum Einsatz, jedoch teils auch massenspektrometrische Bestimmungen. Americium und Plutonium zeigten beide hohe Flüssig-Fest-Verteilungskoeffizienten an den vier Referenzböden, sowie sehr geringe Mobilitäten im Säulenversuch. Die Transferfaktoren wiesen für Plutonium und Americium recht ähnliche Werte auf, unterschieden sich jedoch um Größenordnungen zwischen den Kompartimenten. Für die Wurzelproben wurden dabei die höchsten Transferfaktoren ermittelt, gefolgt vom Blattwerk und den essbaren Anteilen. Die sequentiellen Extraktionen ergaben recht hohe Anteile an bioverfügbarem Plutonium und nur geringe Unterschiede zwischen den Böden. In den Lysimeterexperimenten zeigte sich eine geringe Mobilität der Radionuklide, die modellierten Speziesverteilungen in den drei Messtiefen des Lysimeters ergaben deutliche Unterschiede innerhalb der Lysimeter.
The effect of upper panel stiffness on biomechanical performance in athletic footwear
Creators: name: Luftglass, Adam R.
name: Feeney, Daniel F.
name: Queen, Robin M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Athletic footwear can improve performance through targeted design features to improve biomechanical mechanisms of performance. The alteration of athletic shoe uppers can impact athletic performance and biomechanics in both males and females; moreover, the impact may differ between males and females due to anatomical differences between sexes. Therefore, assessment of sex-specific impacts of footwear modification on athletic performance is essential when determining how to modify footwear. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of upper panel stiffness on biomechanical performance during agility tasks and determine if the optimal upper stiffness depends on the sex of the athlete. It was hypothesized that stiffening the upper panel, quantified through uniaxial tension testing, would result in decreased contact time and increased force production during jumping and change of direction tasks. Forty participants (20 males, 20 females) were recruited and completed eight lateral skater jumps, eight counter movement jumps, three triangle drop step drills and six anterior-posterior drills in three footwear conditions that varied in upper panel stiffness. 3D motion capture and embedded force plates were used to measure biomechanical outcomes that were compared between stiffness conditions using a linear mixed effect model. Upper panel stiffness significantly affected contact time during the lateral skater jump with the stiffest shoe resulting in the shortest contact time compared to the two other conditions (p = .02–.046, η2 = 0.18). No sex-related interactions were found for any outcome variable. Taken together, upper panel stiffness is important to consider when developing both male and female footwear.
Laminar boundary layers in convective heat transport
Creators: name: Seis, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76R99, 80A20

description: We study Rayleigh-Benard convection in the high-Rayleigh-number and high-Prandtl-number regime, i.e., we consider a fluid in a container that is exposed to strong heating of the bottom and cooling of the top plate in the absence of inertia effects. While the dynamics in the bulk are characterized by a chaotic convective heat flow, the boundary layers at the horizontal container plates are essentially conducting and thus the fluid is motionless. Consequently, the average temperature exhibits a linear profile in the boundary layers. In this article, we rigorously investigate the average temperature and oscillations in the boundary layer via local bounds on the temperature field. Moreover, we deduce that the temperature profile is indeed essentially linear close to the horizontal container plates. Our results are uniform in the system parameters (e.g. the Rayleigh number) up to logarithmic correction terms. An important tool in our analysis is a new Hardy-type estimate for the convecting velocity field, which can be used to control the fluid motion in the layer. The bounds on the temperature field are derived with the help of local maximal regularity estimates for convection-diffusion equations.