cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Possibility of the Solid-Fluid Transition in Moving Periodic Systems
Creators: name: Nogawa, Tomoaki
name: Yoshino, Hajime
name: Matsukawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steady sliding state of periodic structures such as charge density waves and flux line lattices is numerically studied based on two and three dimensional driven random field XY models. We focus on the dynamical phase transition between plastic flow and moving solid phases controlled by the magnitude of the driving force. By analyzing the connectivity of co-moving clusters, we find that they percolate the system within a finite observation time under driving forces larger than a certain critical force. The critical force, however, logarithmically diverges with the observation time, i.e. the moving solid phase exhibits only within a certain finite time, which exponentially grows with the driving force.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures
Edgbastonia (Barcaldinia) jesswisseae
Creators: name: Zhang, - H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Tateidae
Edgbastonia
Edgbastonia jesswisseae

description: Edgbastonia (Barcaldinia) jesswisseae (Ponder & Clark, 1990)
Jardinella jesswiseae Ponder & Clark, 1990: 327, 14A–D, 15D–F, 16C, 19E–F, 21C, 22A–C; Perez et al. 2005: 547 (C.400138).
Remarks. Known only from springs on Edgbaston Station where it is one of the most common species. It has more convex whorls and a shorter spire than the species below.
description: Published as part of Zhang, - H., 2019, New taxa of Tateidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from springs associated with the Great Artesian Basin and Einasleigh Uplands, Queensland, with the description of two related taxa from eastern coastal drainages, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4583 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4583.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2637603
Climate and trade policies: from silos to integration
Creators: name: Laurens, Noémie
name: Brandi, Clara
name: Morin, Jean-Frédéric
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper investigates linkages between trade and climate policies by examining commitments made in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. While environmental protection and economic growth are often perceived as conflicting policy goals, PTAs and NDCs have the potential to encourage mutually supportive approaches to climate and trade governance. Building upon three recent datasets, the paper locates a sample of 21 countries in a typology of four issue-linkage strategies across both types of instruments: policy integration, policy silos, asymmetry in favour of trade policy, and asymmetry in favour of climate policy. It finds that countries that reveal a preference for strong linkage with climate in their PTAs typically do not reveal a preference for strong trade linkage in their NDCs, and vice versa. No state from the sample favours strong policy integration. After sketching out possible explanations for this observation, the paper concludes that policy-makers have significant room for enhancing synergies between trade and climate commitments and that scholars have a role to play in this endeavour. Key policy insightsThere is substantial untapped potential for simultaneously promoting trade and tackling the climate crisis across borders in future NDCs and PTAs.In future NDCs, trade provisions, e.g. the reduction of trade barriers for climate-friendly goods and services, should be strengthened in national climate plans.Countries should make better use of climate provisions in their PTAs, e.g. to encourage their trade partners to commit to binding climate objectives and foster exchanges of climate-friendly goods and services. There is substantial untapped potential for simultaneously promoting trade and tackling the climate crisis across borders in future NDCs and PTAs. In future NDCs, trade provisions, e.g. the reduction of trade barriers for climate-friendly goods and services, should be strengthened in national climate plans. Countries should make better use of climate provisions in their PTAs, e.g. to encourage their trade partners to commit to binding climate objectives and foster exchanges of climate-friendly goods and services.
Improving water use efficiency under worsening scarcity: Evidence from the Middle Olifants sub-basin in South Africa
Creators: name: Walter, Teresa
name: Kloos, Julia
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
name: Walter, Teresa
name: Kloos, Julia
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water allocation
subject: IWRM
subject: Olifants basin
subject: South Africa
subject: Africa

description: With the political changes in South Africa in the early 1990s, the South African government introduced a reform process in the entire water sector with the goal of a more enhanced and equitable water management system. This paper analyzes existing water allocation situations and applies a nonlinear optimization model to investigate the optimal intra- and inter-regional allocations in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Results show higher benefit from inter-regional water allocation. Reducing water supply levels to conform to the sustainable water supply policy, it can be shown that although water supply is reduced by approximately 50%, total benefits from water are only reduced by 5% and 11% for inter- and intra-regional allocation regimes respectively. These results indicate that alternative water allocation mechanisms can serve as instruments to offset for the effects of water scarcity.
Exchange constants and spin dynamics in Mn12-acetate
Creators: name: Honecker, A.
name: Fukushima, N.
name: Normand, B.
name: Chaboussant, G.
name: Guedel, H. -U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained new inelastic neutron scattering (INS) data for the molecular magnet Mn12-acetate which exhibit at least six magnetic peaks in the energy range 5-35 meV. These are compared with a microscopic Heisenberg model for the 12 quantum spins localised on the Mn ions, coupled by four inequivalent magnetic exchange constants. A fit to the magnetic susceptibility under the constraint that the spin of the ground state be S=10 yields two dominant exchange constants of very similar value, J1 ~ J2 ~ 65 K (~ 5.5 meV), and two smaller exchange constants J3 and J4. We compute the low-lying excitations by exact numerical diagonalisation and demonstrate that the parameters determined from the ground state and susceptibility fit provide qualitative agreement with the excitations observed by INS.
description: 3 pages including 3 figures, uses elsart style files (included); to appear in JMMM (proceedings of JEMS'04)
Factors Contributing to Zambia's 2010 Maize Bumper Harvest
Creators: name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Chapoto, Antony
name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Chapoto, Antony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
Productivity Analysis

description: Zambia’s maize crop grew by roughly 48% between the 2009 and 2010 harvests, leading to the largest crop recorded in recent history. The 2009 maize harvest was also very good, making the 48% rise in 2010 even more remarkable. The forces driving that increase, however, remain widely debated. Many in government and media have attributed the recent production increase to the government’s fertilizer subsidy program as well as to the state’s recent efforts to raise maize prices through the operations of the Food Reserve Agency. Others have argued that the bumper harvest is partially due to the adoption of conservation farming techniques by farmers. Still others attribute the maize production growth mainly to favorable weather. Unfortunately, none of these claims have been backed up by solid evidence-based research.
Medição do Impacto dos Activos Públicos e Privados Sobre a Renda de Culturas de Agregados Familiares em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005
Creators: name: Mather, David
name: Mather, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper aims to better understand the determinants of household crop income, by using the TIA panel household survey of 2002-2005 to measure the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. We build upon Walker et al.’s (2004) analysis of TIA02 crop income by utilizing the econometric advantages of panel econometrics to obtain improved estimates of the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. Our principal focus is to measure the effect on household crop income of factors which are assumed to have a positive effect on crop productivity and profitability, including: private assets such as landholding; household use of improved inputs (fertilizer, animal traction) and diversification into tobacco or cotton; and access to public goods such as extension advice, market price information, and farm association membership.
Source and characterization of particulate matter from a pilot-ignited natural gas fuelled engine
Creators: name: Jones, Heather L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: With growing concern over particulate matter and gaseous emissions and stringent new emissions standards upcoming in 2007 for heavy duty transport vehicles, it has become essential to study the parameters that affect heavy duty vehicle emissions. At the University of British Columbia emissions from a heavy-duty engine running with Westport Innovations' high pressure direct injection of natural gas (HPDI) technology are studied. In this engine, a small quantity of diesel pilot fuel is injected prior to a main natural gas injection event to provide ignition. This study focuses on the effects of pilot fuel quantity, overall equivalence ratio and exhaust gas recirculation on particle mass, particle size, particulate soot fraction and on gaseous emissions. With HPDI, there is the question of how much of the particulate matter is pilot-derived; this question is addressed by using carbon-14 (¹⁴C) tracing of biodiesel pilot fuel derived soot. It was found that EGR, equivalence ratio and pilot quantity play an important role in particulate matter emissions, where the emissions increase by increasing any of these quantities. Particulate matter mass concentration is an order of magnitude higher at 25% EGR and high equivalence ratio than at low equivalence ratio without EGR. Particulate matter from this engine generally contains a larger fraction of soluble organic species than that from a typical diesel engine. The percentage of black carbon in particulate samples was found to range from approximately 5% at low load conditions without EGR to approximately 60-80% at high load with 25% EGR. Particle structure can generally be described as agglomerates consisting of spherical primary particles of average size 10-25 nm. Particle size distributions definitely show evidence of a nucleation mode of particle formation (many small particles) and also a large number of larger particles likely formed due to particle-particle interaction (coagulation). EGR results in a larger average particle size. Fossil fuels contain no ¹⁴C so using a biodiesel pilot fuel, naturally containing current carbon (¹⁴C/C = 1.2 x 10⁻¹²), enabled us to apportion the pilot fuel derived soot mass. The pilot fuel was found to contribute between 4 and 40% to soot emissions under the measured operating conditions. The highest contribution is found at low load without EGR. A very significant finding is that the pilot fuel is promoting black carbon formation from other sources within the combustion chamber (most likely natural gas). An increase in pilot fuel flow of 75% causes an increase in soot emissions not derived from the pilot fuel of somewhere between 25% and 45% depending upon the engine operating condition. While the pilot-derived soot does not increase a large amount with increasing pilot fuel quantity, the soot derived from fossil sources does. This indicates that pilot fuel amount should be minimized and kept under tight control in HPDI combustion.
Additional file 17 of Revealing the key point of the temperature stress response of Arthrospira platensis C1 at the interconnection of C- and N- metabolism by proteome analyses and PPI networking
Creators: name: Pavinee Kurdrid
name: Phutnichar Phuengcharoen
name: Jittisak Senachak
name: Sirilak Saree
name: Hongsthong, Apiradee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 17. Experimental design and workflow for the phosphoproteome analysis of Spirulina in response to immediate temperature elevation and reduction.
Disentangling Morphology, Star Formation, Stellar Mass, and Environment in Galaxy Evolution
Creators: name: Christlein, Daniel
name: Zabludoff, Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the spectroscopic and photometric properties of galaxies in six nearby clusters. We perform a partial correlation analysis on our dataset to investigate whether the correlation between star formation rates in galaxies and their environment is merely another aspect of correlations of morphology, stellar mass, or mean stellar age with environment, or whether star formation rates vary independently of these other correlations. We find a residual correlation of ongoing star formation with environment, indicating that even galaxies with similar morphologies, stellar masses, and mean stellar ages have lower star formation rates in denser environments. Thus, the current star formation gradient in clusters is not just another aspect of the morphology-density, stellar mass-density, or mean stellar age-density relations. Furthermore, the star formation gradient cannot be solely the result of initial conditions, but must partly be due to subsequent evolution through a mechanism (or mechanisms) sensitive to environment. Our results constitute a true ``smoking gun'' pointing to the effect of environment on the later evolution of galaxies.
description: 31 pages, including 5 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Edgbastonia (Barcaldinia) zeidlerorum
Creators: name: Zhang, - H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Tateidae
Edgbastonia
Edgbastonia zeidlerorum

description: Edgbastonia (Barcaldinia) zeidlerorum (Ponder & Clark, 1990)
Jardinella zeidlerorum Ponder & Clark, 1990: 16 F, 21F, 22D–F, 23D–F, 24B, D, E.
Remarks. The tall-spired shell has convex whorls and is known only from a large spring on Myross Station. This is the same spring in which Ed. (B.) corrugata umbilicata is found, but while that species is found away from the edges living on mud, Ed. (B.) zeidlerorum lives in the vegetation around the edges.
description: Published as part of Zhang, - H., 2019, New taxa of Tateidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from springs associated with the Great Artesian Basin and Einasleigh Uplands, Queensland, with the description of two related taxa from eastern coastal drainages, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4583 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4583.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2637603
Human Capital Productivity, and Labor Allocation in Rural Pakistan
Creators: name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Female Labor
subject: Income distribution
subject: Gender issues
subject: Labor productivity
subject: Pakistan
subject: Gender
subject: Childcare
subject: Work

description: This paper investigates whether human capital affects the productivity and labor allocation of rural households in four districts of Pakistan. The investigation shows that households with better-educated males earn higher off-farm income and divert labor resources away from farm activities toward nonfarm work. Education has no significant effect on productivity in crop and livestock production. The effect of human capital on household incomes is partly realized through the reallocation of labor from low-productivity activities to nonfarm work. Female education and nutrition do not affect productivity and labor allocation in any systematic fashion, a finding that is consistent with the marginal role women play in market-oriented activities in Pakistan. As a by-product, our estimation approach also tests the existence of perfect labor and factor markets; the hypothesis that such markets exist is strongly rejected.
Dissociation of O2 at Al(111): The Role of Spin Selection Rules
Creators: name: Behler, Joerg
name: Delley, Bernard
name: Lorenz, Soenke
name: Reuter, Karsten
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A most basic and puzzling enigma in surface science is the description of the dissociative adsorption of O2 at the (111) surface of Al. Already for the sticking curve alone, the disagreement between experiment and results of state-of-the-art first-principles calculations can hardly be more dramatic. In this paper we show that this is caused by hitherto unaccounted spin selection rules, which give rise to a highly non-adiabatic behavior in the O2/Al(111) interaction. We also discuss problems caused by the insufficient accuracy of present-day exchange-correlation functionals.
description: 4 pages including 3 figures; related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/th.html
Micellization of Sliding Polymer Surfactants
Creators: name: Baulin, Vladimir A.
name: Lee, N. -K.
name: Johner, Albert
name: Marques, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following up a recent paper on grafted sliding polymer layers (Macromolecules 2005, 38, 1434-1441), we investigated the influence of the sliding degree of freedom on the self-assembly of sliding polymeric surfactants that can be obtained by complexation of polymers with cyclodextrins. In contrast to the micelles of quenched block copolymer surfactants, the free energy of micelles of sliding surfactants can have two minima: the first corresponding to small micelles with symmetric arm lengths, and the second corresponding to large micelles with asymmetric arm lengths. The relative sizes and concentrations of small and large micelles in the solution depend on the molecular parameters of the system. The appearance of small micelles drastically reduces the kinetic barrier signifying the fast formation of equilibrium micelles.
description: Submitted to Macromolecules
Formation of silicon nanocrystals in silicon carbide using flash lamp annealing
Creators: name: Weiss, C.
name: Schnabel, M.
name: Prucnal, S.
name: Hofmann, J.
name: Reichert, A.
name: Fehrenbach, T.
name: Skorupa, W.
name: Janz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the formation of Si nanocrystals (Si NC) in Si$_x$C$_{1-x}$ layers via solid-phase crystallization, the unintended formation of nanocrystalline SiC reduces the minority carrier lifetime and therefore the performance of Si$_x$C$_{1-x}$ as an absorber layer in solar cells. A significant reduction in the annealing time may suppress the crystallization of the SiC matrix while maintaining the formation of Si NC. In this study, we investigated the crystallization of stoichiometric SiC and Si-rich SiC using conventional rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and nonequilibrium millisecond range flash lamp annealing (FLA). The investigated Si$_x$C$_{1-x}$ films were prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and annealed at temperatures from 700$°$C to 1100$°$C for RTA and at flash energies between 34 J/cm$^2$ and 62 J/cm$^2$ for FLA. GIXRD and FTIR were conducted to investigate hydrogen effusion, Si and SiC NC growth, and SiC crystallinity. Both the Si content and the choice of the annealing process affect the crystallization behavior. It is shown that under certain conditions, FLA can be successfully utilized for the formation of Si NC in a SiC matrix, which closely resembles Si NC in a SiC matrix achieved by RTA. The samples must have excess Si, and the flash energy should not exceed 40 J/cm$^2$ and 47 J/cm$^2$ for Si$_{0.63}$C$_{0.37}$ and Si$_{0.77}$C$_{0.23}$ samples, respectively. Under these conditions, FLA succeeds in producing Si NC of a given size in less crystalline SiC than RTA does. This result is discussed in terms of nucleation and crystal growth using classical crystallization theory. For FLA and RTA samples, an opposite relationship between NC size and Si content was observed and attributed either to the dependence of H effusion on Si content or to the optical absorption properties of the materials, which also depend on the Si content.
Farm Productivity and Rural Poverty in India
Creators: name: Datt, Gaurav
name: Ravallion, Martin
name: Datt, Gaurav
name: Ravallion, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Farm income
subject: India
subject: Rural poor
subject: Prices
subject: Poverty

description: To what extent do India’s rural poor share in agricultural growth? Combining data from 24 household sample surveys spanning 35 years with other sources, we estimate a model of the joint determination of consumption-poverty measures, agricultural wages, and food prices. We find that higher farm productivity brought both absolute and relative gains to poor rural households. A large share of the gains were via wages and prices, though these effects took time. The benefits to the poor were not confined to those near the poverty line.
Computational modelling of non-simple and anisotropic materials
Creators: name: Kaiser, Tobias
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Non-simple materials
subject: Gradient elasticity
subject: Gradient plasticity
subject: Crystal plasticity
subject: Dislocation density tensors
subject: Anisotropic materials
subject: Evolving material symmetry groups
subject: Fibre-bending stiffness
subject: Fibre-reinforced composites
subject: Size-effects
subject: Nanocomposites
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Nanokomposit
subject: Elastizitätstheorie
subject: Faserverbundwerkstoff

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Modellierung generalisierter sowie anisotroper Materialien und lässt sich in drei Abschnitte gliedern. Im ersten Abschnitt wird eine gradientenerweiterte Elastizitätstheorie zur Modellierung von faserverstärkten Verbundwerkstoffen, mit Fasern die eine Biegesteifigkeit aufweisen, untersucht. Der verwendete Ansatz basiert auf einer Erweiterung der Energiefunktion um Beiträge die höhere Gradienten der Deformationsabbildung, welche durch den Gradienten des räumlichen Faser-Richtungsfeldes definiert sind, beinhalten und kann als eine Erweiterung des klassischen Strukturtensoransatzes aufgefasst werden. Der zweite Abschnitt der vorliegenden Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung physikalisch wohl-motivierter gradientenerweiterter (Kristall-)Plastizitätstheorien basierend auf einer generalisierten Form der Clausius-Duhem Ungleichung. Insbesondere werden inkompatible plastische Deformationen im Rahmen von Versetzungsdichtetensoren interpretiert und energetisch in der Formulierung berücksichtigt. Der letzte Abschnitt der Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Modellierung sich entwickelnder materieller Symmetriegruppen. Hierbei liegt der Fokus insbesondere auf der Entwicklung eines konstitutiven Modells, welches eine Anisotropieentwicklung, die durch finite plastische Deformationsprozesse induziert ist, abbilden kann.
description: This work focuses on the modelling and simulation of non-simple and anisotropic materials, and consists of three primary parts. In the first part, a gradient elasticity approach for the modelling of fibre-reinforced composites with fibres possessing fibre-bending stiffness is studied. The particular approach is based on the incorporation of higher-gradient contributions of the deformation map in terms of the gradient of the spatial fibre direction field in the energy density function and can be regarded as an extension of the classic structural tensor approach. The second part of the contribution deals with the development of physically well-motivated gradient (crystal) plasticity formulations which rely on an extended form of the Clausius-Duhem inequality. In particular, incompatible plastic deformations are interpreted in terms of dislocation density tensors which are energetically accounted for in the formulations. The final part of the contribution addresses the modelling of evolving material symmetry groups. To be specific, a constitutive model for the simulation of deformation-induced anisotropy evolution infinite plasticity is elaborated.
What is the origin of the soft excess in AGN?
Creators: name: Sobolewska, Malgorzata
name: Done, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of the soft excess below 1 keV observed in AGN. We use the XMM-Newton data of the low redshift, optically bright quasar, PG 1211+143, and we compare it with the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy, 1H 0707-495, which has one of the strongest soft excesses seen. We test various ideas for the origin of the soft X-ray excess, including a separate spectral component (for example a low temperature Comptonized component), a reflection-dominated model, or a complex absorption model. All three can give good fits to the data, and $χ^2$ fitting criteria are not sufficient to discriminate among them. Instead, we favor the complex absorption model on the grounds that it is the most physically plausible.
description: The proceedings for XDAP 2004, to be published in AIP in May 2005
Additional file 15 of Revealing the key point of the temperature stress response of Arthrospira platensis C1 at the interconnection of C- and N- metabolism by proteome analyses and PPI networking
Creators: name: Pavinee Kurdrid
name: Phutnichar Phuengcharoen
name: Jittisak Senachak
name: Sirilak Saree
name: Hongsthong, Apiradee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 15. PPI subnetworks of the proteins in the same orthologous group as (A) SPLC1_S082010, (B) SPLC1_S540750 and (C) SPLC1_S360070. The subnetworks were constructed by using STRING. The A. platensis C1 proteins were inferred to that of the A. platensis NIES39 via orthologous group.
Can Qualitative and Quantitative Methods Serve Complementary Purposes for Policy Research?: Evidence from Accra
Creators: name: Maxwell, Daniel G.
name: Maxwell, Daniel G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Nutrition
subject: Research
subject: Social Sciences
subject: Methodology

description: Qualitative and quantitative methods in social science research have long been separate spheres with little overlap. However, recent innovations have highlighted the complementarity of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The Accra Food and Nutrition Security Study was designed to incorporate the participation of a variety of constituencies in the research, and to rely on a variety of approaches—both qualitative and quantitative—to data collection and analysis. This paper reviews the way in which qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the Accra study. The argument of the paper is that the complementary use of qualitative and quantitative approaches provides a greater range of insights and perspectives and permits triangulation or the confirmation of findings by different methods, which improves the overall validity of results, and makes the study of greater use to the constituencies to which it was intended to be addressed. But the search for truly complementary methods presents substantial challenges as well. These include extra costs, both in financial and human terms, ethical dilemmas regarding follow-up, and the need for teamwork and respect for different methodological and epistemological positions.
Time dependence of advection-diffusion coupling for nanoparticle ensembles
Creators: name: Vilquin, Alexandre
name: Bertin, Vincent
name: Soulard, Pierre
name: Guyard, Gabriel
name: Raphaël, Elie
name: Restagno, Frederic
name: Salez, Thomas
name: Mcgraw, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advection-diffusion coupling can enhance particle and solute dispersion by orders of magnitude as compared to pure diffusion, with a steady state being reached for confined flow regions such as a nanopore or blood vessel. Here, by using evanescent wave microscopy, we measure for the first time the full dynamics of Taylor dispersion, highlighting the crucial role of the initial concentration profile. We make time-dependent, nanometrically-resolved particle dispersion measurements varying nanoparticle size, velocity gradient, and viscosity in sub-micrometric near-surface flows. Such resolution permits a measure of the full dynamical approach and crossover into the steady state, revealing a family of master curves. Remarkably, our results show that the dynamics depend sensitively on the initial spatial distribution of the nanoparticles. These observations are in quantitative agreement with existing analytical models and numerical simulations performed herein. We anticipate that our study will be a first step toward observing and modelling more complex situations at the nanoscale, such as target finding and chemical reactions in nanoconfined flows, dynamical adsorption and capture problems, as well as nanoscale drug delivery systems.
When the Weak Win: Role of Farmer Groups in Influencing Agricultural Policy Outcome; a Case of Nkhate Irrigation Scheme in Malawi
Creators: name: Magreta, Ruth
name: Magombo, Tennyson
name: Zingore, Shamie
name: Magreta, Ruth
name: Magombo, Tennyson
name: Zingore, Shamie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Farmer groups
subject: Profitability
subject: input and output markets
subject: participatory market research
subject: lobbying

description: The knowledge today recaps that’s livelihood of many African farmers are constrained by poor access to both inputs and output markets, limited entrepreneurial skills for adding value to produce and to bargain for better prices and finally limited technical skills in agricultural production. Despite a tremendous attention to salvage this through government interventions and research, there is still a big problem in addressing the smallholder farmer’s needs. Farmer organizations open up opportunities for farmers to better overcome the above mentioned constraints through lobbying and collective action. Drawing from results of Participatory diagnosis and participatory market research done in Nkhate irrigation scheme in 2007 and 2008 this paper examines the effect of effective farmer groups in influencing rice price formation. Results demonstrated that farmer groups have the potential to effectively influence policy outcomes in their favour. This was however achieved through reorganization and mobilization of farmer groups to improve lobbying efficiency and reduce the inefficiencies caused by free riding. The results indicate that from the participatory gross margin analysis which was done by CIAT ( 2007) with rice farmers at the irrigation scheme, it was revealed that farmers have been making losses in the marketing of Kirombero and Super Fire rice varieties and have been realizing a very small positive margin for Mtupatupa a local rice variety. The analysis revealed gross margins of 36.78 US$ ha-1, -182.50 US$ ha-1, and 60.36 US$ ha-1, for Super fire, Kirombero and Mtupatupa varieties respectively. This shows that farmers were making losses when they sold rice to traders at a price dictated to them. However, after farmers were effectively organised in a group and linked to markets, farmers realized gross margins of 681.84US$ ha-1, 664.23US$ ha-1 and 1,028.69US$ ha-1 for Mtupatupa, Super fire and Kirombero rice varieties respectively. The paper further recommends that such farmer groups need to better articulate and deliver benefits to members hence ensuring that these members subscribe to the group and hence finance lobbying efforts which are often costly.
Current large deviations for Asymmetric Exclusion Processes with open boundaries
Creators: name: Bodineau, T.
name: Derrida, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the large deviation functional of the current for the Weakly Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process in contact with two reservoirs.We compare this functional in the large drift limit to the one of the Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process, in particular to the Jensen-Varadhan functional. Conjectures for generalizing the Jensen-Varadhan functional to open systems are also stated.
Poverty in India and Indian States: An Update
Creators: name: Datt, Gaurav
name: Datt, Gaurav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Poverty
subject: India

description: A complete and updated series on poverty measures for India is presented spanning the period 1951–1994. The series are presented at the all-India level as well as for 15 major states, and for rural and urban sectors separately. Key features of the evolution of poverty in India are described.
Economic regional impacts of water transfers: the role of factor mobility in a case study of the agricultural sector in the Balearic Islands
Creators: name: Tirado, Dolores
name: Lozano, Javier
name: Gomez Gomez, Carlos Mario
name: Tirado, Dolores
name: Lozano, Javier
name: Gomez Gomez, Carlos Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Using a CGE model for the Balearic Islands, we simulate the effects of an agricultural water market in the farming sector facing reductions in the water endowment. The market lessens the negative effects on farming communities of short-term water restrictions associated with cyclical droughts. However, in scenarios of permanent reductions, such as those envisaged by global warming predictions or those that result from the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive, a water market may aggravate the negative effects of water shortage. Therefore, the paper shows that generalizations cannot be made about the effects of water markets on farming communities.
A characterization of admissible algebras with formal two-ray modules
Creators: name: Bobinski, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 16G60, 16G70

description: In the paper we characterize, in terms of quivers and relations, the admissible algebras with formal two-ray modules introduced by G. Bobiński and A. Skowroński [Cent. Eur. J.Math.1 (2003), 457--476].
description: Mainly correcting typos. Also a new abstract and minor changes in the introduction and subsection 3.1
La nueva economía institucional y la economía de los recursos naturales: comunes, instituciones, gobernanza y cambio institucional
Creators: name: Caballero-Miguez, Gonzalo
name: Garza-Gil, Maria Dolores
name: Caballero-Miguez, Gonzalo
name: Garza-Gil, Maria Dolores
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In recent decades, the New Institutional Economics has brought about the “return of institutions” to the economic mainstream, and institutional theory and analysis have been developed from Ronald Coase’s notion of transaction costs and Douglass North’s view on institutions. The Nobel Prize award in Economics to Oliver Williamson and Elinor Ostrom in 2009 has pointed out the relevance of the new institutional approach. Natural Resource Economics has included the institutional determinants of the management of natural resources into its research agenda. In this sense, the advances of the New Institutional Economics allows the development of institutional analysis in the field of the Economics of Natural Resources, such as Elinor Ostrom’s work has shown. This paper presents an integral and updated perspective of the foundations of the New Institutional Economics that constitute a set of theoretical inputs for the analysis of institutions and governance in the management of natural resources.
Evidence for a hot dust-free inner disk around 51 Oph
Creators: name: Thi, W. -F.
name: van Dalen, B.
name: Bik, A.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of CO bandhead emission around 51 Oph (dv=2). A high resolving power (R~10,000) spectrum was obtained with the infrared spectrometer ISAAC mounted on VLT-ANTU. Modeling of the profile suggests that the hot (Tgas=2000-4000K) and dense (n_H>1e10 cm-3) molecular material as probed by the CO bandhead is located in the inner AU of a Keplerian disk viewed almost edge-on. Combined with the observation of cooler gas (Tgas=500-900K) by ISO-SWS and the lack of cold material, our data suggest that the disk around 51 Oph is essentially warm and small. We demonstrate the presence of a dust-free inner disk that extents from the inner truncation radius until the dust sublimation radius. The disk around 51 Oph may be in a rare transition state toward a small debris disk object.
description: Letter accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 14 of Revealing the key point of the temperature stress response of Arthrospira platensis C1 at the interconnection of C- and N- metabolism by proteome analyses and PPI networking
Creators: name: Pavinee Kurdrid
name: Phutnichar Phuengcharoen
name: Jittisak Senachak
name: Sirilak Saree
name: Hongsthong, Apiradee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 14. Protein sequence alignment of PleD from A. platensis C1 and PleD-like proteins in the same orthologous group. It shows the conserved GGDEF domain in this group of proteins.
Distribución óptima del transporte intermodal: aplicación a la exportación de perecederos
Creators: name: Perez-Mesa, Juan Carlos
name: Salinas-Andujar, Jose Antonio
name: Perez-Mesa, Juan Carlos
name: Salinas-Andujar, Jose Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper discusses the benefits using intermodal transport for fruit and vegetables. Multi-Criteria Decision Making techniques are applied for optimal allocation between land or intermodal transport. Also a sensitivity analysis is made for knowing changing priorities in decision-makers (exporters) to encourage a modal shift. The results show savings in intermodal transport costs in relation to land transport cost. However the exporter must assume increased time of delivery of goods.
Additional file 5 of The impact of regional astrocyte interferon-γ signaling during chronic autoimmunity: a novel role for the immunoproteasome
Creators: name: Smith, Brandon C.
name: Sinyuk, Maksim
name: Jenkins, Julius E.
name: Psenicka, Morgan W.
name: Williams, Jessica L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. LMP2 is not reduced in microglia/monocytes in Ifngr1fl/flGfap-Cre+ mice. IHC detection of Iba1 (red) and LMP2 (green) in the ventral spinal cords of Ifngr1fl/fl and Ifngr1fl/flGfap-Cre+ mice at day 25 post-EAE induction. Nuclei are shown in blue. Colocalization is quantified by Mander’s coefficient using ImageJ software. Data points are representative of individual mice. Data represent the mean ± SEM combined from 2 independent experiments and were analyzed by 2-tailed Student’s t test.
Emprendimiento, inmigrantes y municipios rurales: el caso de España
Creators: name: Mancilla, Claudio
name: Viladomiu-Canela, Lourdes
name: Guallarte-Nuez, Carlos
name: Mancilla, Claudio
name: Viladomiu-Canela, Lourdes
name: Guallarte-Nuez, Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Many rural areas have experienced Development downturn throughout most of the 20th century. Usually, immigrants have been considered as labour force. However, they often choose to become entrepreneurs. Relevant literature suggests evidences that immigrants are more entrepreneurially active than local inhabitants. The objective of this study is to verify how local conditions in rural areas as well as characteristics of immigrants influence individuals to become entrepreneurs. The results indicate that an immigrant has a higher likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur. Residing in a rural community positively influences the likeliness of being involved in entrepreneurial activities; however this is mainly true for Spaniards, since immigrants are not influenced by rurality
Does the Holographic Principle determine the Gravitational Interaction?
Creators: name: Canfora, F.
name: Vilasi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is likely that the holographic principle will be a consequence of the would be theory of quantum gravity. Thus, it is interesting to try to go in the opposite direction: can the holographic principle fix the gravitational interaction? It is shown that the classical gravitational interaction is well inside the set of potentials allowed by the holographic principle. Computations clarify which role such a principle could have in lowering the value of the cosmological constant computed in QFT to the observed one.
description: 12 pages, no figures, added references
Facilitating domain wall injection in magnetic nanowires by electrical means
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Davi R.
name: Sommer, Nils
name: Everschor-Sitte, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how to facilitate the injection of domain walls in chiral ferromagnetic nanowires by electrical means. We calculate the critical current density above which domain walls are injected into the nanowire depending on the material parameters and the source of interaction including spin-transfer torques as well as spin-orbit torques. We demonstrate that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction can significantly reduce the required critical current to inject the types of domain walls favored by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We find that in chiral magnets it is only possible to shed a single domain wall by means of spin-orbit torques, as they modify the ground state orientation of the system. In contrast, for spin-transfer-torque induced shedding of domain walls, we show that there exist two different critical current densities for the two different domain wall chiralities, respectively. Additionally, for the consecutive creation of domain walls by means of spin-transfer torques, we find that the interaction between the domain walls cannot be neglected and even may lead to the pairwise annihilation of consecutive domain walls with opposite chiralities.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Long term measurement of the $^{87}$Sr clock frequency at the limit of primary Cs clocks
Creators: name: Schwarz, R.
name: Dörscher, S.
name: Al-Masoudi, A.
name: Benkler, E.
name: Legero, T.
name: Sterr, U.
name: Weyers, S.
name: Rahm, J.
name: Lipphardt, B.
name: Lisdat, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a series of 42 measurements of the transition frequency of the 429~THz (5s$^2$)~$^1$S$_0$--(5s5p)~$^3$P$_0$ line in $^{87}$Sr taken over three years from 2017 to 2019. They have been performed at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) between the laboratory strontium lattice clock and the primary caesium fountain clocks CSF1 and CSF2. The length of each individual measurement run has been extended by use of a hydrogen maser as flywheel to improve the statistical uncertainty given by the Cs clocks. We determine an averaged transition frequency of $429\:228\:004\:229\:873.00(0.07)$~Hz with $1.5\times10^{-16}$ fractional uncertainty, at the limit of the current realization of the unit hertz. Analysis of the data provides an improved limit on the coupling of the gravitational potential of the Sun to the proton--electron mass ratio $μ$, and confirms the limits on its temporal drift.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
On Representing the Mean Residual Life in Terms of the Failure Rate
Creators: name: Gupta, Ramesh C.
name: Bradley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62N02; 62N05

description: In survival or reliability studies, the mean residual life or life expectancy is an important characteristic of the model. Whereas the failure rate can be expressed quite simply in terms of the mean residual life and its derivative, the inverse problem--namely that of expressing the mean residual life in terms of the failure rate--typically involves an integral of a complicated expression. In this paper, we obtain simple expressions for the mean residual life in terms of the failure rate for certain classes of distributions which subsume many of the standard cases. Several results in the literature can be obtained using our approach. Additionally, we develop an expansion for the mean residual life in terms of Gaussian probability functions for a broad class of ultimately increasing failure rate distributions. Some examples are provided to illustrate the procedure.
description: 10 pages