cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heter-LP: A heterogeneous label propagation algorithm and its application in drug repositioning
Creators: name: Shahreza, Maryam Lotfi
name: Ghadiri, Nasser
name: Mossavi, Seyed Rasul
name: Varshosaz, Jaleh
name: Green, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.3; G.1.6; G.2.2; H.3.3
subject: 05C82

description: Drug repositioning offers an effective solution to drug discovery, saving both time and resources by finding new indications for existing drugs. Typically, a drug takes effect via its protein targets in the cell. As a result, it is necessary for drug development studies to conduct an investigation into the interrelationships of drugs, protein targets, and diseases. Although previous studies have made a strong case for the effectiveness of integrative network-based methods for predicting these interrelationships, little progress has been achieved in this regard within drug repositioning research. Moreover, the interactions of new drugs and targets (lacking any known targets and drugs, respectively) cannot be accurately predicted by most established methods. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised heterogeneous label propagation algorithm named Heter-LP, which applies both local as well as global network features for data integration. To predict drug-target, disease-target, and drug-disease associations, we use information about drugs, diseases, and targets as collected from multiple sources at different levels. Our algorithm integrates these various types of data into a heterogeneous network and implements a label propagation algorithm to find new interactions. Statistical analyses of 10-fold cross-validation results and experimental analysis support the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Superconductivity and fluctuation in Ba$_{1-p}$K$_p$Fe$_2$As$_2$ and Ba(Fe$_{1-n}$Co$_n$)$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Böhm, T.
name: Ahangharnejhad, R. Hosseinian
name: Jost, D.
name: Baum, A.
name: Muschler, B.
name: Kretzschmar, F.
name: Adelmann, P.
name: Wolf, T.
name: Wen, H. -H.
name: Chu, J. -H.
name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Hackl, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of fluctuations and superconductivity in BaFe$_2$As$_2$ (Ba-122) compounds with Ba and Fe substituted by K ($p$ doping) and Co ($n$ doping), respectively. To this end we measured electronic Raman spectra as a function of polarisation and temperature. We observe gap excitations and fluctuations for all doping levels studied. The response from fluctuations is much stronger for Co substitution and, according to the selection rules and the temperature dependence, originates from the exchange of two critical spin fluctuations with characteristic wave vectors $(\pmπ, 0)$ and $(0,\pmπ)$. At 22\% K doping ($p=0.22$), we find the same selection rules and spectral shape for the fluctuations but the intensity is smaller by a factor of 5. Since there exists no nematic region above the orthorhombic spin-density-wave (SDW) phase the identification of the fluctuations via the temperature dependence is not possible. The gap excitations in the superconducting state indicate strongly anisotropic near-nodal gaps for Co substitution which make the observation of collective modes difficult. The variation with doping of the spectral weights of the $A_{1g}$ and $B_{1g}$ gap features does not support the influence of fluctuations on Cooper pairing. Therefore, the observation of Bardasis-Schrieffer modes inside the nearly clean gaps on the K-doped side remains the only experimental evidence for the relevance of fluctuations for pairing.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Status Solidi B
Perfectly-matched-layer boundary integral equation method for wave scattering in a layered medium
Creators: name: Lu, Wangtao
name: Lu, Ya Yan
name: Qian, Jianliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For scattering problems of time-harmonic waves, the boundary integral equation (BIE) methods are highly competitive, since they are formulated on lower-dimension boundaries or interfaces, and can automatically satisfy outgoing radiation conditions. For scattering problems in a layered medium, standard BIE methods based on the Green's function of the background medium must evaluate the expensive Sommefeld integrals. Alternative BIE methods based on the free-space Green's function give rise to integral equations on unbounded interfaces which are not easy to truncate, since the wave fields on these interfaces decay very slowly. We develop a BIE method based on the perfectly matched layer (PML) technique. The PMLs are widely used to suppress outgoing waves in numerical methods that directly discretize the physical space. Our PML-based BIE method uses the Green's function of the PML-transformed free space to define the boundary integral operators. The method is efficient, since the Green's function of the PML-transformed free space is easy to evaluate and the PMLs are very effective in truncating the unbounded interfaces. Numerical examples are presented to validate our method and demonstrate its accuracy.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Observation of Anomalous Magnetic Moments in Superconducting Bi/Ni Bilayer
Creators: name: Wang, Junhua
name: Gong, Xinxin
name: Yang, Guang
name: Lyu, Zhaozheng
name: Pang, Yuan
name: Liu, Guangtong
name: Ji, Zhongqing
name: Fan, Jie
name: Jing, Xiunian
name: Yang, Changli
name: Qu, Fanming
name: Jin, Xiaofeng
name: Lu, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been continuous efforts in searching for unconventional superconductivity over the past five decades. Compared to the well-established d-wave superconductivity in cuprates, the existence of superconductivity with other high-angular-momentum pairing symmetries is less conclusive. Bi/Ni epitaxial bilayer is a potential unconventional superconductor with broken time reversal symmetry (TRS), for that it demonstrates superconductivity and ferromagnetism simultaneously at low temperatures. We employ a specially designed superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to detect, on the Bi/Ni bilayer, the orbital magnetic moment which is expected if the TRS is broken. An anomalous hysteretic magnetic response has been observed in the superconducting state, providing the evidence for the existence of chiral superconducting domains in the material.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Star Cluster Formation and Destruction in the Merging Galaxy NGC 3256
Creators: name: Mulia, Alexander J.
name: Chandar, Rupali
name: Whitmore, Bradley C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope to study the rich population of young massive star clusters in the main body of NGC 3256, a merging pair of galaxies with a high star formation rate (SFR) and SFR per unit area ($Σ_{\rm{SFR}}$). These clusters have luminosity and mass functions that follow power laws, $dN/dL \propto L^α$ with $α= -2.23 \pm 0.07$, and $dN/dM \propto M^β$ with $β= -1.86 \pm 0.34$ for $τ< 10$ Myr clusters, similar to those found in more quiescent galaxies. The age distribution can be described by $dN/dτ\propto τ^ γ$, with $γ\approx -0.67 \pm 0.08$ for clusters younger than about a few hundred million years, with no obvious dependence on cluster mass. This is consistent with a picture where $\sim 80 \%$ of the clusters are disrupted each decade in time. We investigate the claim that galaxies with high $Σ_{\rm{SFR}}$ form clusters more efficiently than quiescent systems by determining the fraction of stars in bound clusters ($Γ$) and the CMF/SFR statistic (CMF is the cluster mass function) for NGC 3256 and comparing the results with those for other galaxies. We find that the CMF/SFR statistic for NGC 3256 agrees well with that found for galaxies with $Σ_{\rm{SFR}}$ and SFRs that are lower by $1-3$ orders of magnitude, but that estimates for $Γ$ are only robust when the same sets of assumptions are applied. Currently, $Γ$ values available in the literature have used different sets of assumptions, making it more difficult to compare the results between galaxies.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. Image quality on some figures has been degraded to comply with arxiv file limitations
Coupled Metaball Discrete Element Lattice Boltzmann Method for Fluid-Particle Systems with non-spherical particle shapes: A sharp interface coupling scheme
Creators: name: Zhang, Pei
name: Qiu, Ling
name: Galindo-Torres, S. A.
name: Chen, Yilin
name: Scheuermann, A.
name: Li, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluid-particle systems are very common in many natural processes and engineering applications. However, accurately and efficiently modelling fluid-particle systems with complex particle shapes is still a challenging task. Here, we present a numerical model that combines the advantages of Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) in solving complex flow problems and the capability of the recently introduced Metaball Discrete Element Method (MDEM) in handling non-spherical particle shapes. A sharp interface coupling scheme is developed and the numerical instability issues due to the discontinuity of interfaces are carefully addressed. A local refilling algorithm for new fluid nodes is proposed and special treatments are introduced to reduce numerical noises when two particles are close. The proposed model is validated by simulations of settling of a single sphere (with metaball representation) as well as a non-spherical particle in a viscous fluid. Good agreements are found comparing the simulations with experimental results which are also carried out in this study. The coupling scheme is also tested by multiple particle simulations which clearly illustrated the stability of the proposed model. Finally, numerical examples with complex particle shapes demonstrated that the proposed model can be a powerful tool for future applications such as shape-induced segregation in riverbeds, and phase transition of dense suspension.
2022 AARP Healthy Living Survey of Adults Age 50 and Older
Creators: name: AARP
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Current physical/mental health (7); managing mental health (14); anxiety about the future (2); effect of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health (9); seeking treatment for mental health (4); views on aging (12); resiliency (9).
An Active RBSE Framework to Generate Optimal Stimulus Sequences in a BCI for Spelling
Creators: name: Moghadamfalahi, Mohammad
name: Akcakaya, Murat
name: Nezamfar, Hooman
name: Sourati, Jamshid
name: Erdogmus, Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A class of brain computer interfaces (BCIs) employs noninvasive recordings of electroencephalography (EEG) signals to enable users with severe speech and motor impairments to interact with their environment and social network. For example, EEG based BCIs for typing popularly utilize event related potentials (ERPs) for inference. Presentation paradigm design in current ERP-based letter by letter typing BCIs typically query the user with an arbitrary subset characters. However, the typing accuracy and also typing speed can potentially be enhanced with more informed subset selection and flash assignment. In this manuscript, we introduce the active recursive Bayesian state estimation (active-RBSE) framework for inference and sequence optimization. Prior to presentation in each iteration, rather than showing a subset of randomly selected characters, the developed framework optimally selects a subset based on a query function. Selected queries are made adaptively specialized for users during each intent detection. Through a simulation-based study, we assess the effect of active-RBSE on the performance of a language-model assisted typing BCI in terms of typing speed and accuracy. To provide a baseline for comparison, we also utilize standard presentation paradigms namely, row and column matrix presentation paradigm and also random rapid serial visual presentation paradigms. The results show that utilization of active-RBSE can enhance the online performance of the system, both in terms of typing accuracy and speed.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Will be submitted to IEEE transactions on Signal Processing
Flexibility of short DNA helices under mechanical stretching
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flexibility of short DNA fragments is studied by a Hamiltonian model which treats the inter-strand and intra-strand forces at the level of the base pair. The elastic response of a set of homogeneous helices to externally applied forces is obtained by computing the average bending angles between adjacent base pairs along the molecule axis. The ensemble averages are performed over a room temperature equilibrium distribution of base pair separations and bending fluctuations. The analysis of the end-to-end distances and persistence lengths shows that even short sequences with less than $100$ base pairs maintain a significant bendability ascribed to thermal fluctuational effects and kinks with large bending angles. The discrepancies between the outcomes of the discrete model and those of the worm-like-chain model are examined pointing out the inadequacy of the latter on short length scales.
description: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2016). Final version available at DOI below. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.01357
Analytical Properties for a Stochastic Rotating Shallow Water Model under Location Uncertainty
Creators: name: Lang, Oana
name: Crisan, Dan
name: Mémin, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The rotating shallow water model is a simplification of oceanic and atmospheric general circulation models that are used in many applications such as surge prediction, tsunami tracking and ocean modelling. In this paper we introduce a class of rotating shallow water models which are stochastically perturbed in order to incorporate model uncertainty into the underlying system. The stochasticity is chosen in a judicious way, by following the principles of location uncertainty, as introduced in [Mémin, 2014]. We prove that the resulting equation is part of a class of stochastic partial differential equations that have unique maximal strong solutions. The methodology is based on the construction of an approximating sequence of models taking value in an appropriately chosen finite-dimensional Littlewood-Paley space. Finally, we show that a distinguished element of this class of stochastic partial differential equations has a global weak solution.
description: 46 pages, comments welcome
Testing the parton evolution with the use of two-body final states
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Jung, H.
name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Malyshev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the production of $b\bar b$ quarks and Drell-Yan lepton pairs at LHC conditions focusing attention on the total transverse momentum of the produced pair and on the azimuthal angle between the momenta of the outgoing particles. Plotting the corresponding distributions in bins of the final state invariant mass, one can reconstruct the full map of the transverse momentum dependent parton densities in a proton. We give examples of how can these distributions can look like at the LHC energies.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Sub-optimal scale in Australian manufacturing industry
Creators: name: Burfurd, Geoffrey Alan.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Commons-Compatible Implementation of the Sharing Economy: Blockchain-Based Open Source Mediation
Creators: name: Tschuchnig, Petra
name: Mayr, Manfred
name: Tschuchnig, Maximilian
name: Haber, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The network economical sharing economy, with direct exchange as a core characteristic, is implemented both, on a commons and platform economical basis. This is due to a gain in importance of trust, collaborative consumption and democratic management as well as technological progress, in the form of near zero marginal costs, open source contributions and digital transformation. Concurrent to these commons-based drivers, the grey area between commerce and private exchange is used to exploit work, safety and tax regulations by central platform economists. Instead of central intermediators, the blockchain technology makes decentralized consensus finding, using Proof-of-Work (PoW) within a self-sustaining Peer-to-Peer network, possible. Therefore, a blockchain-based open source mediation seems to offer a commons-compatible implementation of the sharing economy. This thesis is investigated through a qualitative case study of Sardex and Interlace with their blockchain application, based on expert interviews and a structured content analysis. To detect the most commons-compatible implementation, the different implementation options through conventional platform intermediators, an open source blockchain with PoW as well as Interlaces' permissioned blockchain approach, are compared. The following confrontation is based on deductive criteria, which illustrates the inherent characteristics of a commons-based sharing economy.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Growth Hormone Receptor Polymorphism rs6180 and Craniofacial Morphological Changes Associated with Herbst Appliance Therapy
Creators: name: Ellis, Lawrence Charles
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Activator Appliances
subject: Orthodontic Appliances -- Therapy
subject: Growth Hormone
subject: Receptors, Somatotropin -- Genetics
subject: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide -- Genetics

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Craniofacial growth results from both environmental and genetic factors over time. It would be exciting to isolate genetic factors that influence treatment responses from patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Genetic genotyping and analysis of orthodontic patients is a new technologic advancement. The aim of this retrospective study is to examine the relationship of a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6180, of the Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) gene with various craniofacial length parameters in patients who have received Herbst appliance therapy as part of orthodontic treatment. An initial lateral cephalometric radiograph was taken along with two buccal cheek swabs. The cells obtained have undergone DNA isolation with the Puregene method in microcentrifuge tubes (Gentra Systems, Minneapolis, MN). Upon termination of functional appliance therapy (post-Herbst), a final lateral cephalometric radiograph was taken. To analyze the genetic polymorphism and determine genotype, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and allelic discrimination were done using the 7000 Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems). Lateral cephalometric radiographs (initial, post-Herbst) of 25 patients were digitized and measured using the Dolphin Imaging program. Cephalometric measurements (S-N, S-A, Co-Go, Go-Gn, Ar-Gn, Go-Gn) were used to identify mandibular and craniofacial morphologic changes. Changes in Z-scores based on standards from the Michigan Growth Study were then converted to slow or normal growth status by slow being when the Z-score difference between the initial and final measurements is less than zero. The number of subjects with a slow versus normal growth status was compared to GHR polymorphism genotype. Statistical analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the changes in craniofacial length Z-scores in relation to a patient's genotype were performed using chi-square analysis. Results: The genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Z-score differences for the S-A measurement was the only one found to be significant (p=0.005).
Constraining the PopIII IMF with high-z GRBs
Creators: name: Ma, Q.
name: Maio, U.
name: Ciardi, B.
name: Salvaterra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to detect and distinguish signatures of enrichment from PopIII stars in observations of PopII GRBs (GRBIIs) at high redshift by using numerical N-body/hydrodynamical simulations including atomic and molecular cooling, star formation and metal spreading from stellar populations with different initial mass functions (IMFs), yields and lifetimes. PopIII and PopII star formation regimes are followed simultaneously and both a top-heavy and a Salpeter-like IMF for pristine PopIII star formation are adopted. We find that the fraction of GRBIIs hosted in a medium previously enriched by PopIII stars (PopIII-dominated) is model independent. Typical abundance ratios, such as [Si/O] vs [C/O] and [Fe/C] vs [Si/C], can help to disentangle enrichment from massive and intermediate PopIII stars, while low-mass first stars are degenerate with regular PopII generations. The properties of galaxies hosting PopIII-dominated GRBIIs are not very sensitive to the particular assumption on the mass of the first stars.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
An Intensity and Phase Stacked Analysis of Phase-OTDR System using Deep Transfer Learning and Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Kayan, Ceyhun Efe
name: Aldogan, Kivilcim Yuksel
name: Gumus, Abdurrahman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) are effective apparatus which are widely used in many application areas for recording signals of various events with very high spatial resolution along the optical fiber. To detect and recognize the recorded events properly, advanced signal processing algorithms with high computational demands are crucial. Convolutional neural networks are highly capable tools for extracting spatial information and very suitable for event recognition applications in DAS. Long-short term memory (LSTM) is an effective instrument for processing sequential data. In this study, we proposed a multi-input multi-output, two stage feature extraction methodology that combines the capabilities of these neural network architectures with transfer learning to classify vibrations applied to an optical fiber by a piezo transducer. First, we extracted the differential amplitude and phase information from the Phase-OTDR recordings and stored them in a temporal-spatial data matrix. Then, we used a state-of-the-art pre-trained CNN without dense layers as a feature extractor in the first stage. In the second stage, we used LSTMs to further analyze the features extracted by the CNN. Finally, we used a dense layer to classify the extracted features. To observe the effect of the utilized CNN architecture, we tested our model with five state-of-the art pre-trained models (VGG-16, ResNet-50, DenseNet-121, MobileNet and Inception-v3). The results show that using the VGG-16 architecture in our framework manages to obtain 100% classification accuracy in 50 trainings and got the best results on our Phase-OTDR dataset. Outcomes of this study indicate that the pre-trained CNNs combined with LSTM are very suitable for the analysis of differential amplitude and phase information, represented in a temporal spatial data matrix which is promising for event recognition operations in DAS applications.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Title updated
Rich and Poor Cities in Europe. Urban Scaling to Mapping European Economic Convergence
Creators: name: Strano, Emanuele
name: Sood, Vishal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in the urban science make broad use of the notion of scaling. We focus here on the important scaling relationship between the gross metropolitan product (GMP) of a city and its population (pop). It has been demonstrated that GMP $\propto$ Y pop $^β$ with $β$ always greater than 1 and close to 1.2. This fundamental finding highlights a universal rule that holds across countries and cultures and might explain the very nature of cities. However, in an increasingly connected world, the hypothesis that the economy of a city solely depends on its population might be questionable. Using data for 248 cities in the European Union between 2005 and 2010, we found a double GMP/pop scaling regime. For West EU cities, $β$ = 1 over the whole the period, while for post-communist cities $β>$1 and increases from $\sim$1.2 to $\sim$1.4. The evolution of the scaling exponent describes the convergence of post-communist European cities to open and liberal economies. We propose a simple model of economic convergence in which, under stable political conditions, a linear GMP/pop scaling is expected for all cities. The results suggest that the GMP/pop super-linear scaling represents a phase of economic growth rather than a steady, universal urban feature. The results also suggest that relationships between cities are embedded in their political and economic context and cannot be neglected in explanations of cities, urbanization and urban economics.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, research paper
Laser assisted tunneling in a Tonks-Girardeau gas
Creators: name: Lelas, K.
name: Drpić, N.
name: Dubček, T.
name: Jukić, D.
name: Pezer, R.
name: Buljan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the applicability of laser assisted tunneling in a strongly interacting one-dimensional Bose gas (the Tonks-Girardeau gas) in optical lattices. We find that the stroboscopic dynamics of the Tonks-Girardeau gas in a continuous Wannier-Stark-ladder potential, supplemented with laser assisted tunneling, effectively realizes the ground state of one-dimensional hard-core bosons in a discrete lattice with nontrivial hopping phases. We compare observables that are affected by the interactions, such as the momentum distribution, natural orbitals and their occupancies, in the time-dependent continuous system, to those of the ground state of the discrete system. Stroboscopically, we find an excellent agreement, indicating that laser assisted tunneling is a viable technique for realizing novel ground states and phases with hard-core one-dimensional Bose gases.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Measurement of excitation spectra in the ${}^{12}$C$(p,d)$ reaction near the $η'$ emission threshold
Creators: name: Tanaka, Y. K.
name: Itahashi, K.
name: Fujioka, H.
name: Ayyad, Y.
name: Benlliure, J.
name: Brinkmann, K. -T.
name: Friedrich, S.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Gellanki, J.
name: Guo, C.
name: Gutz, E.
name: Haettner, E.
name: Harakeh, M. N.
name: Hayano, R. S.
name: Higashi, Y.
name: Hirenzaki, S.
name: Hornung, C.
name: Igarashi, Y.
name: Ikeno, N.
name: Iwasaki, M.
name: Jido, D.
name: Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N.
name: Kanungo, R.
name: Knöbel, R.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Metag, V.
name: Mukha, I.
name: Nagae, T.
name: Nagahiro, H.
name: Nanova, M.
name: Nishi, T.
name: Ong, H. J.
name: Pietri, S.
name: Prochazka, A.
name: Rappold, C.
name: Reiter, M. P.
name: Rodríguez-Sánchez, J. L.
name: Scheidenberger, C.
name: Simon, H.
name: Sitar, B.
name: Strmen, P.
name: Sun, B.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Szarka, I.
name: Takechi, M.
name: Tanihata, I.
name: Terashima, S.
name: Watanabe, Y. N.
name: Weick, H.
name: Widmann, E.
name: Winfield, J. S.
name: Xu, X.
name: Yamakami, H.
name: Zhao, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation spectra of $^{11}$C were measured in the $^{12}$C$(p,d)$ reaction near the $η'$ emission threshold. A proton beam extracted from the synchrotron SIS-18 at GSI with an incident energy of 2.5 GeV impinged on a carbon target. The momenta of deuterons emitted at 0 degrees were precisely measured with the fragment separator FRS operated as a spectrometer. In contrast to theoretical predictions on the possible existence of deeply bound $η'$ mesic states in carbon nuclei, no distinct structures were observed associated with the formation of bound states. The spectra were analyzed to set stringent constraints on the formation cross section and on the hitherto barely-known $η'$-nucleus interaction.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Ruschia lawsonii L. Bolus
Creators: name: Klak, Cornelia
name: Hanáček, Pavel
name: Bruyns, Peter V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Aizoaceae
Ruschia
Ruschia lawsonii

description: 1 Ruschia lawsonii (L.Bolus) L.Bolus had been transferred to Antimima, as Antimima lawsonii (L.Bolus) H.E.K. Hartmann, with some apparent hesitation as it grows far from any other member of Antimima and also lacks the characteristically large closing bodies of Antimima (Hartmann, 1998). This species falls within the typical distribution range of Ruschia, which extends over large parts of southern Africa, including its summer rainfall areas (Hartmann, 2017c). In addition, R. lawsonii possesses the smaller closing bodies which are diagnostic for Ruschia (Hartmann, 1998). Superficially, R. lawsonii (Fig. 15) closely resembles R. indurata (Fig. 11). Both species form compact cushions where the internodes are hidden. The leaves in both species are whitish grey, but R. indurata has several small teeth along the keels of its leaves (Fig. 11), whereas in R. lawsonii (Fig. 15) the leaves are apically sharply pointed but without any teeth along the keels. Both species are restricted to outcrops of calcrete. Like R. indurata, R. lawsonii is rare and is only known from a few collections near Kimberley (Fig. 14). Here we re-instate Antimima lawsonii (L.Bolus) H.E.K. Hartmann in Ruschia and place it in subg. Ruschia in accordance with the results of our molecular analysis (Klak et al., in prep.). Ruschia lawsonii (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, Notes Mesembryanthemum [H.M.L. Bolus] 3: 219 (1950), Mesembryanthemum lawsonii L.Bolus, Annals of the Bolus Herbarium 4: 85 (1927), Antimima lawsonii (L. Bolus) H.E.K. Hartmann, Bothalia 28: 74 (1998). Type: South Africa, Kalahari Region, Hay division, Papkuil (2823BC), Aug. 1912, L. Lawson s.n. sub BOL18551 (BOL!, barcode: BOL129312). 3.2.5. Additional specimens investigated South Africa. NORTERN CAPE: 2823 (Griekwastadt): Postmasburg, farm Silverstream (-BC), 5 Jan. 2016, Klak 2508 (BOL); 15 km NNW of Campbell (-DC), Haumann s.n. (BOL).
description: Published as part of Klak, Cornelia, Hanáček, Pavel & Bruyns, Peter V., 2023, Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia, pp. 144-161 in South African Journal of Botany 156 on pages 156-157, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2023.02.035, http://zenodo.org/record/8120978
description: {"references": ["Hartmann, H. E. K., 1998. New combinations in Antimima (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae) from southern Africa. Bothalia 28, 67 - 82.", "Hartmann, H. E. K., 2017 c. Ruschia. Ruschioideae. Hartmann, H. E. K. (ed.) 2 nd edition Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants. Aizoaceae H-Z, Vol. 2. Springer, Verlag Germany, pp. 1057 - 1113."]}
Approximation of the number of descendants in branching processes
Creators: name: Kutsenko, Anton A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss approximations of the relative limit densities of descendants in Galton--Watson processes that follow from the Karlin--McGregor near-constancy phenomena. These approximations are based on the fast exponentially decaying Fourier coefficients of Karlin--McGregor functions and the binomial coefficients. The approximations are sufficiently simple and show good agreement between approximate and exact values, which is demonstrated by several numerical examples.
description: I found how to improve the $\Gamma$-approximation. The good binomial approximations remain unchanged
Unconventional non-Fermi liquid state caused by nematic criticality in cuprates
Creators: name: Wang, Jing-Rong
name: Liu, Guo-Zhu
name: Zhang, Chang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the nematic quantum critical point that exists in the $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave superconducting dome of cuprates, the massless nodal fermions interact strongly with the quantum critical fluctuation of nematic order. We study this problem by means of renormalization group approach and show that, the fermion damping rate $\left|\mathrm{Im}Σ^R(ω)\right|$ vanishes more rapidly than the energy $ω$ and the quasiparticle residue $Z_f\rightarrow 0$ in the limit $ω\rightarrow 0$. The nodal fermions thus constitute an unconventional non-Fermi liquid that represents an even weaker violation of Fermi liquid theory than a marginal Fermi liquid. We also investigate the interplay of quantum nematic critical fluctuation and gauge-potential-like disorder, and find that the effective disorder strength flows to the strong coupling regime at low energies. Therefore, even an arbitrarily weak disorder can drive the system to become a disorder controlled diffusive state. Based on these theoretical results, we are able to understand a number of interesting experimental facts observed in curpate superconductors.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Fixed points of an infinite dimensional operator related to Gibbs measures
Creators: name: Olimov, U. R.
name: Rozikov, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B05, 82B20 (primary), 60K35 (secondary)

description: We describe fixed points of an infinite dimensional non-linear operator related to a hard core (HC) model with a countable set $\mathbb{N}$ of spin values on the Cayley tree. This operator is defined by a countable set of parameters $λ_{i}>0$, $a_{ij}\in \{0,1\}$, $ i,j \in \mathbb{N}$. We find a sufficient condition on these parameters under which the operator has unique fixed point. When this condition is not satisfied then we show that the operator may have up to five fixed points. Also, we prove that every fixed point generates a normalisable boundary law and therefore defines a Gibbs measure for the given HC-model.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Activity Recognition From Newborn Resuscitation Videos
Creators: name: Meinich-Bache, Øyvind
name: Austnes, Simon Lennart
name: Engan, Kjersti
name: Austvoll, Ivar
name: Eftestøl, Trygve
name: Myklebust, Helge
name: Kusulla, Simeon
name: Kidanto, Hussein
name: Ersdal, Hege
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths. A key for survival is performing immediate and continuous quality newborn resuscitation. A dataset of recorded signals during newborn resuscitation, including videos, has been collected in Haydom, Tanzania, and the aim is to analyze the treatment and its effect on the newborn outcome. An important step is to generate timelines of relevant resuscitation activities, including ventilation, stimulation, suction, etc., during the resuscitation episodes. Methods: We propose a two-step deep neural network system, ORAA-net, utilizing low-quality video recordings of resuscitation episodes to do activity recognition during newborn resuscitation. The first step is to detect and track relevant objects using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and post-processing, and the second step is to analyze the proposed activity regions from step 1 to do activity recognition using 3D CNNs. Results: The system recognized the activities newborn uncovered, stimulation, ventilation and suction with a mean precision of 77.67 %, a mean recall of 77,64 %, and a mean accuracy of 92.40 %. Moreover, the accuracy of the estimated number of Health Care Providers (HCPs) present during the resuscitation episodes was 68.32 %. Conclusion: The results indicate that the proposed CNN-based two-step ORAAnet could be used for object detection and activity recognition in noisy low-quality newborn resuscitation videos. Significance: A thorough analysis of the effect the different resuscitation activities have on the newborn outcome could potentially allow us to optimize treatment guidelines, training, debriefing, and local quality improvement in newborn resuscitation.
description: 10 pages
Towards a Theoretical Analysis of PCA for Heteroscedastic Data
Creators: name: Hong, David
name: Balzano, Laura
name: Fessler, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method for estimating a subspace given noisy samples. It is useful in a variety of problems ranging from dimensionality reduction to anomaly detection and the visualization of high dimensional data. PCA performs well in the presence of moderate noise and even with missing data, but is also sensitive to outliers. PCA is also known to have a phase transition when noise is independent and identically distributed; recovery of the subspace sharply declines at a threshold noise variance. Effective use of PCA requires a rigorous understanding of these behaviors. This paper provides a step towards an analysis of PCA for samples with heteroscedastic noise, that is, samples that have non-uniform noise variances and so are no longer identically distributed. In particular, we provide a simple asymptotic prediction of the recovery of a one-dimensional subspace from noisy heteroscedastic samples. The prediction enables: a) easy and efficient calculation of the asymptotic performance, and b) qualitative reasoning to understand how PCA is impacted by heteroscedasticity (such as outliers).
description: Presented at 54th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton)
A framework for detecting fraudulent activities in edo state tax collection system using investigative data mining
Creators: name: Okoro, Felix M.
name: Oshoiribhor, Emmanuel O.
name: John-Otumu, Adetokunbo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Inland Revenue Services is overwhelmed with gigabyte of disk capacity containing data about tax payers in the state. The data stored on the database increases in size at an alarming rate. This has resulted in a data rich but information poor situation where there is a widening gap between the explosive growth of data and its types, and the ability to analyze and interpret it effectively, hence the need for a new generation of automated and intelligent tools and techniques known as investigative data mining, to look for patterns in data. These patterns can lead to new insights, competitive advantages for business, and tangible benefits for the State Revenue services. This research work focuses on designing effective fraud detection and deterring architecture using investigative data mining technique. The proposed system architecture is designed to reason using Artificial Neural Network and Machine learning algorithm in order to detect and deter fraudulent activities. We recommend that the architectural framework be developed using Object Oriented Programming and Agent Oriented Programming Languages.
description: 11 pages 4 figures, 1 table
Mechanical Properties of Phosphorene Nanotubes: A Density Functional Tight-Binding Study
Creators: name: Sorkin, V.
name: Zhang, Y. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional tight-binding method, we studied the elastic properties, deformation and failure of armchair (AC) and zigzag (ZZ) phosphorene nano tubes (PNTs) under uniaxial tensile strain. We found that the deformation and failure of PNTs are very anisotropic. For ZZ PNTs, three deformation phases are recognized: The primary linear elastic phase, which is associated with the interactions between the neighboring puckers, succeeded by the bond rotation phase, where the puckered configuration of phosphorene is smoothed via bond rotation, and lastly the bond elongation phase, where the P-P bonds are directly stretched up to the maximally allowed limit and the failure is initiated by the rupture of the most stretched bonds.
Use of complex demodulation in the spectral analysis of time series data
Creators: name: Smyrk, John R.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Effect of dipolar-angle on phospholipid assembly
Creators: name: Paul, Tanay
name: Saha, Jayashree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of lipid head-group dipole orientation on phase behaviour of phospholipid assembly. The work explains molecular-scale mechanism of ion-lipid, anesthetic-lipid interactions where reorientation of dipoles play important role in membrane potential modification. Molecular Dynamics simulations are performed to analyse structure-property relationship and dynamical behaviour of lipid biomembranes considering coarse-grained model interactions.
Turbulence and Vorticity in Galaxy Clusters Generated by Structure Formation
Creators: name: Vazza, F.
name: Jones, T. W.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Gheller, C.
name: Porter, D.
name: Ryu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence is a key ingredient for the evolution of the intracluster medium, whose properties can be predicted with high resolution numerical simulations. We present initial results on the generation of solenoidal and compressive turbulence in the intracluster medium during the formation of a small-size cluster using highly resolved, non-radiative cosmological simulations, with a refined monitoring in time. In this first of a series of papers, we closely look at one simulated cluster whose formation was distinguished by a merger around $z \sim 0.3$. We separate laminar gas motions, turbulence and shocks with dedicated filtering strategies and distinguish the solenoidal and compressive components of the gas flows using Hodge-Helmholtz decomposition. Solenoidal turbulence dominates the dissipation of turbulent motions ($\sim 95\%$) in the central cluster volume at all epochs. The dissipation via compressive modes is found to be more important ($\sim 30 \%$ of the total) only at large radii ($\geq 0.5 ~r_{\rm vir}$) and close to merger events. We show that enstrophy (vorticity squared) is good proxy of solenoidal turbulence. All terms ruling the evolution of enstrophy (i.e. baroclinic, compressive, stretching and advective terms) are found to be significant, but in amounts that vary with time and location. Two important trends for the growth of enstrophy in our simulation are identified: first, enstrophy is continuously accreted into the cluster from the outside, and most of that accreted enstrophy is generated near the outer accretion shocks by baroclinic and compressive processes. Second, in the cluster interior vortex stretching is dominant, although the other terms also contribute substantially.
description: 21 pages, 21 figure. MNRAS accepted, in press
Object Detection During Newborn Resuscitation Activities
Creators: name: Meinich-Bache, Øyvind
name: Engan, Kjersti
name: Austvoll, Ivar
name: Eftestøl, Trygve
name: Myklebust, Helge
name: Yarrot, Ladislaus Blacy
name: Kidanto, Hussein
name: Ersdal, Hege
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Birth asphyxia is a major newborn mortality problem in low-resource countries. International guideline provides treatment recommendations; however, the importance and effect of the different treatments are not fully explored. The available data is collected in Tanzania, during newborn resuscitation, for analysis of the resuscitation activities and the response of the newborn. An important step in the analysis is to create activity timelines of the episodes, where activities include ventilation, suction, stimulation etc. Methods: The available recordings are noisy real-world videos with large variations. We propose a two-step process in order to detect activities possibly overlapping in time. The first step is to detect and track the relevant objects, like bag-mask resuscitator, heart rate sensors etc., and the second step is to use this information to recognize the resuscitation activities. The topic of this paper is the first step, and the object detection and tracking are based on convolutional neural networks followed by post processing. Results: The performance of the object detection during activities were 96.97 % (ventilations), 100 % (attaching/removing heart rate sensor) and 75 % (suction) on a test set of 20 videos. The system also estimate the number of health care providers present with a performance of 71.16 %. Conclusion: The proposed object detection and tracking system provides promising results in noisy newborn resuscitation videos. Significance: This is the first step in a thorough analysis of newborn resuscitation episodes, which could provide important insight about the importance and effect of different newborn resuscitation activities
description: 8 pages