cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Viaggiu entropy and the generalized second law in a flat FLRW Universe
Creators: name: Saha, Subhajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our aim, in this paper, is to study the generalized second law by considering the dynamical apparent horizon to be endowed with the Hawking temperature and the Viaggiu entropy introduced in a pioneering work in 2014. We have devoted our attention to a flat FLRW universe filled with a perfect fluid having a constant equation of state $p = wρ$. It is worthwhile to note that we have considered both forms of the Hawking temperature, the original one as well as the truncated version. The latter one is generally used during calculations, however, several arguments have been put forward against it. Our analysis yields a startling result. The Viaggiu entropy naturally forbids the phantom era. In other words, the Viaggiu entropy will never allow the EoS parameter to go beyond the Cosmological Constant. This result is in strong agreement with recent observations and we have deduced it purely by thermodynamic means. This is in striking contrast with the results obtained with the Bekenstein-Hawking formalism.
description: 7 pages; v2: Typos corrected, Matches published version
Development of framework for ranking pervious concrete pavement mixtures: application of multi-criteria decision-making methods
Creators: name: Singh, Avishreshth
name: Biligiri, Krishna Prapoorna
name: Sampath, Prasanna Venkatesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: The major objective of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of control and sand-modified pervious concrete (PC) mixtures through the development of a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tool to rank the materials and recommend the most optimal performing products. A full-factorial experimentation was adopted to analyse porosity, density, permeability, and compressive strength for 36 PC mixtures. A hybrid MCDM tool involving analytical hierarchy process, Entropy, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methods was used to optimize the multi-response problem into a single output. Based on the results, the water-to-cement ratio may be restricted to a maximum of 0.30 and 0.33 for aggregates varying from 9.5 to 6.7 mm and 6.7 to 4.75 mm, respectively. Likewise, the cement-to-aggregate ratio may be restricted to a maximum of 1:3.75 and 1:4.25 for aggregate size in the range 9.5–6.7 mm and 6.7–4.75 mm, respectively. Further, the ranks for various PC mixtures obtained from TOPSIS and VIKOR were identical/ similar for about 80% of the mixtures. The proposed MCDM tools are envisioned to help the decision-makers in selecting the most optimum PC mix based on performance and site-specific requirements, a priori pavement design and construction.
Vortex Interactions and Thermally Induced Crossover from Type-I to Type-II Superconductivity
Creators: name: Hove, J.
name: Mo, S.
name: Sudbo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed the effective interaction between vortices in the Ginzburg-Landau model from large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations, taking thermal fluctuations of matter fields and gauge fields fully into account close to the critical temperature. We find a change, in the form of a crossover, from attractive to repulsive effective vortex interactions in an intermediate range of Ginzburg-Landau parameters $κ\in [0.76-1]/\sqrt{2}$ upon increasing the temperature in the superconducting state. This corresponds to a thermally induced crossover from \typeI to \typeII superconductivity around a temperature $T_{\rm{Cr}}(κ)$, which we map out in the vicinity of the metal-to-superconductor transition. In order to see this crossover, it is essential to include amplitude fluctuations of the matter field, in addition to phase-fluctuations and gauge-field fluctuations. We present a simple physical picture of the crossover, and relate it to observations in \metal{Ta} and \metal{Nb} elemental superconductors which have low-temperature values of $κ$ in the relevant range.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Phase diagram of the random field Ising model on the Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Nowotny, Thomas
name: Patzlaff, Heiko
name: Behn, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of the random field Ising model on the Bethe lattice with a symmetric dichotomous random field is closely investigated with respect to the transition between the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regime. Refining arguments of Bleher, Ruiz and Zagrebnov [J. Stat. Phys. 93, 33 (1998)] an exact upper bound for the existence of a unique paramagnetic phase is found which considerably improves the earlier results. Several numerical estimates of transition lines between a ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic regime are presented. The obtained results do not coincide with a lower bound for the onset of ferromagnetism proposed by Bruinsma [Phys. Rev. B 30, 289 (1984)]. If the latter one proves correct this would hint to a region of coexistence of stable ferromagnetic phases and a stable paramagnetic phase.
description: Article has been condensed and reorganized; Figs 3,5,6 merged; Fig 4 omitted; Some discussion added at end of Sec. III; 9 pages, 5 figs, RevTeX4, AMSTeX
Economic and social effectiveness of carbon pricing schemes to meet Brazilian NDC targets
Creators: name: Wills, William
name: La Rovere, Emilio Lebre
name: Grottera, Carolina
name: Naspolini, Giovanna Ferrazzo
name: Le Treut, Gaëlle
name: Ghersi, Frédéric
name: Lefèvre, Julien
name: Dubeux, Carolina Burle Schmidt
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Curbing GHG emissions while preserving economic growth is one of the main challenges that developing countries are facing to meet the Paris Agreement commitments. Brazil's NDC target aims to reduce economy-wide absolute levels of GHG emissions by 37% in 2025 and 43% in 2030, compared to 2005 emissions. In this paper, we compare command-and-control and carbon pricing policies to induce the Brazilian economy to meet its NDC targets. We focus on analysing synergies and trade-offs in macroeconomic and social development, captured by economic growth and income distribution while reducing GHG emissions. By integrating a series of sectoral models and a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, we develop and run different policy scenarios that simulate a set of carbon pricing schemes in Brazil. Our analysis shows that NDC implementation in Brazil under carbon pricing policies allows the country to meet its targets and improve economic and social indicators compared to a command-and-control policy. With about the same GHG emissions up to 2030, important macroeconomic and social co-benefits can be achieved under a carbon pricing policy in Brazil, allowing for reduced welfare losses against business-as-usual trends. Carbon pricing policies are more cost-effective to meet NDC targets in Brazil up to 2030, resulting in higher GDP and household income, in comparison to other individual policy instruments, including command-and-control and subsidies to investments.A carbon price of about 10 USD/tCO2e, combined importantly with deforestation rates under control, would allow Brazil to meet its NDC targets.Recycling carbon pricing revenues can help soften the burden on the labour market and protect low-income households from welfare losses. Carbon pricing policies are more cost-effective to meet NDC targets in Brazil up to 2030, resulting in higher GDP and household income, in comparison to other individual policy instruments, including command-and-control and subsidies to investments. A carbon price of about 10 USD/tCO2e, combined importantly with deforestation rates under control, would allow Brazil to meet its NDC targets. Recycling carbon pricing revenues can help soften the burden on the labour market and protect low-income households from welfare losses.
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 48.5 - Veterans Sample
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Military service (3); National Guard service (1); satisfaction with aspects of your life (5); President Donald Trump approval as commander-in-chief of military (1); Trump respects military veterans (1); federal spending on military (1); policies of Trump administration make military stronger or weaker (1); trust Trump to make decisions on use of force (2); Trump reliance on military leaders (1); Trump approval on issues (3); wars worth fighting (3); qualities that describe people in military or outside it (9); military policies (4); would advise a young person to join military (1); years in active duty in military (1); position in military (1); service in Iraq/Afghanistan (2); relationships and family while on active duty (3); deployed away from permanent duty station (1); impact of deployment (4); served in combat or war zone (5); impact of combat experiences (4); military injuries and deaths (3); training prepared you for life in military (1); transition to civilian life from military (2); Department of Veterans Affairs (2); help from government as a veteran (1); personal and financial experiences after leaving military (18); look up or down on military service (2); mental health and military service (3).
The perils of peer punishment: evidence from a common pool resource framed field experiment
Creators: name: De Melo, Gioia
name: Piaggio, Matías
name: De Melo, Gioia
name: Piaggio, Matías
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: non-monetary punishment
subject: in-group bias
subject: framed field experimen
subject: social preferences
subject: commmon pool resource

description: We provide experimental evidence on the effects of non-monetary punishment by peers among communities of Uruguayan fishers exploiting a common pool resource (CPR). We combined this treatment with an in-group (groups from a single community) / mixed group (groups composed of fishers from different communities) treatment. Our aim is to compare the effects of non-monetary sanctions in a context in which individuals exploiting a CPR belong to different communities relative to the case in which only individuals from the same community are allowed to exploit the resource. We find that mixed groups—unlike in-groups—reduce their exploitation of the resource in response to the threat of punishment. We do not find any differences in behavior between in-groups and mixed groups when the possibility of being punished is not available. The effectiveness of non-monetary punishment is reduced because cooperation was not perceived as the unique social norm. In such cases there is substantial antisocial punishment, which leads to increased extraction of the CPR by those who are unfairly punished. These findings indicate that effective peer punishment requires coordination to prevent antisocial targeting and to clarify the social signal conveyed by punishment.
Dynamical symmetries in Kondo tunneling through complex quantum dots
Creators: name: Kuzmenko, Tetyana
name: Kikoin, Konstantin
name: Avishai, Yshai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kondo tunneling reveals hidden SO(n) dynamical symmetries of evenly occupied quantum dots. As is exemplified for an experimentally realizable triple quantum dot in parallel geometry, the possible values n=3,4,5,7 can be easily tuned by gate voltages. Following construction of the corresponding o(n) algebras, scaling equations are derived and Kondo temperatures are calculated. The symmetry group for a magnetic field induced anisotropic Kondo tunneling is SU(2) or SO(4).
description: 4 two-column pages with 4 encapsuled figures
The West Bank olive market
Creators: name: El-Jafari, Mahmoud
name: El-Jafari, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: An econometric model of the West Bank olive subsector was constructed for the period 1968-85, to provide a means of assessing the technical and behavioural forces that regulate the supply of and demand for green olives. A system of demand-and-supply equations was estimated using the two-stage least-squares (2SLS) procedures. Farm prices of green olives were found to be significantly related to quantity and per-head food expenditures. A reduced-form solution to the structural model was derived to test the forecasting ability of the model to predict the endogenous variables when the exogenous variables are given. The model was used to determine the allocation of the West Bank olives which could maximize returns to growers. The model should be both a useful tool for policy makers and of practical value to decision makers in the olive industry.
Impact of Student’s Motivation on Academic Success in English as a School Subject
Creators: name: Abdullah, Tauqeer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390104
subject: English and literacy curriculum and pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
classificationCode: 390107
subject: Humanities and social sciences curriculum and pedagogy (excl. economics, business and management)

description: English has become the global language of science, technology, and communication, making proficiency in the language essential for academic and professional success. Language learning motivation plays a crucial role in enhancing students' fluency and overall competence. This study examines the level of English language learning motivation among secondary school students and its impact on their academic performance in English. A quantitative research approach was employed in the district of Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan, where 400 male students from public secondary schools were randomly selected as the sample. Data was collected using a self developed, self-administered instrument designed to measure students’ motivation toward learning English. The results revealed a strong positive correlation between students’ motivation and their academic achievement in English (r = 0.716, p < 0.001), indicating that higher motivation levels significantly contribute to better performance. Additionally, the study found no statistically significant difference in motivation levels between urban and rural students (p > 0.05), suggesting that geographical location does not influence students’ willingness to learn English. The findings underscore the importance of fostering motivation in English language learning, as it plays a key role in developing students' communication, writing, listening, and speaking skills, along with enhancing critical thinking, confidence, and creativity.
Optimised fast gates for quantum computing with trapped ions
Creators: name: Gale, Evan P. G.
name: Mehdi, Zain
name: Oberg, Lachlan M.
name: Ratcliffe, Alexander K.
name: Haine, Simon A.
name: Hope, Joseph J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient approach to optimising pulse sequences for implementing fast entangling two-qubit gates on trapped ion quantum information processors. We employ a two-phase procedure for optimising gate fidelity, which we demonstrate for multi-ion systems in linear Paul trap and microtrap architectures. The first phase involves a global optimisation over a computationally inexpensive cost function constructed under strong approximations of the gate dynamics. The second phase involves local optimisations that utilise a more precise ODE description of the gate dynamics, which captures the non-linearity of the Coulomb interaction and the effects of finite laser repetition rate. We propose two novel gate schemes that are compatible with this approach, and we demonstrate that they outperform existing schemes in terms of achievable gate speed and fidelity for feasible laser repetition rates. In optimising sub-microsecond gates in microtrap architectures, the proposed schemes achieve orders of magnitude higher fidelities than previous proposals. Finally, we investigate the impact of pulse imperfections on gate fidelity and evaluate error bounds for a range of gate speeds.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Is Flux Tube a Bosonic String? What Does Lattice Say?
Creators: name: Athenodorou, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Flux-Tube
Effective String Theories
Bosonic Strings
Confinement

description: I will present my work on the spectrum of the confining flux tube using lattice techniques both in 3D as well as 4D SU(N) gauge theories. Recent years have witnessed unprecedented progress in the investigation of the spectrum of the closed confining flux-tube in the Yang-Mills (YM) theory. Long flux-tubes can be thought of as infinitesimally thin strings; hence their spectrum is expected to be described by an Effective String Theory. Furthermore, the flux-tube's internal structure makes possible the existence of massive states in addition to string modes. Calculations on the spectrum of the flux tube in 3D SU(N) gauge theories have shown that this is very well described by the Nambu-Goto non-critical string up to small deviations for very short strings. Results in 4D SU(N) gauge theories demonstrate that most states exhibit spectrum which can be approximated adequately by Nambu-Goto but also provides strong evidence for the existence of a massive particle with particular (axionic) quantum numbers on the world-sheet of the QCD flux-tube.
description: Talk presented at the Xmas Theoretical Physics Workshop @ Athens 2019. https://sites.google.com/view/athensxmas2019/home
MOESM1 of Rubber plantations and drug resistant malaria: a cross-sectional survey in Cambodia
Creators: name: Thomson, Rebecca
name: Phok Sochea
name: Mak Sarath
name: MacDonald, Amanda
name: Pratt, Abigail
name: Poyer, Steve
name: Allen, Henrietta
name: Kunthy, Sok
name: Chamroeun, Sok
name: Daro, Kim
name: Sourn Samean
name: Nou Panharith
name: Ra, Sok
name: Sovottha, Chan
name: Mundy, Gary
name: Shunmay Yeung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Malaria prevalence by PCR among plantation workers (adjusted for survey design) and odds of being infected, by risk factor, by round.
Discovery of the Galactic High-Mass Gamma-ray Binary 4FGL J1405.1-6119
Creators: name: Corbet, R. H. D.
name: Chomiuk, L.
name: Coe, M. J.
name: Coley, J. B.
name: Dubus, G.
name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Martin, P.
name: McBride, V. A.
name: Stevens, J.
name: Strader, J.
name: Townsend, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the identification from multi-wavelength observations of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) source 4FGL J1405.1-6119 (= 3FGL J1405.4-6119) as a high-mass gamma-ray binary. Observations with the LAT show that gamma-ray emission from the system is modulated at a period of 13.7135 +/- 0.0019 days, with the presence of two maxima per orbit with different spectral properties. X-ray observations using the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory X-ray Telescope (XRT) show that X-ray emission is also modulated at this period, but with a single maximum that is closer to the secondary lower-energy gamma-ray maximum. A radio source, coincident with the X-ray source, is also found from Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations, and the radio emission is modulated on the gamma-ray period with similar phasing to the X-ray emission. A large degree of interstellar obscuration severely hampers optical observations, but a near-infrared counterpart is found. Near-infrared spectroscopy indicates an O6 III spectral classification. This is the third gamma-ray binary to be discovered with the Fermi LAT from periodic modulation of the gamma-ray emission, the other two sources also have early O star, rather than Be star, counterparts. We consider at what distances we can detect such modulated gamma-ray emission with the LAT, and examine constraints on the gamma-ray binary population of the Milky Way.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Bolin, O.
name: Nuthall, P. L.
name: Gorecki, J.
name: Thompson, S. C.
name: Harvey, D. R.
name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Bolin, O.
name: Nuthall, P. L.
name: Gorecki, J.
name: Thompson, S. C.
name: Harvey, D. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Books Reviewed Include: Towards Free Trade in Agriculture by Kirit S. Parikh, Gunther Fischer, Klaus Frohberg and O. Gulbrandsen; Farm Policy Analysis by Luther Tweeten; Multiple Criteria Analysis for Agricultural Decisions by C. Romero and T. Rehman; The Social Sciences in International Agricultural Research by Constance M. McCorkle, and Lynne Rienner; The Common Wine Policy and Price Stabilization by P. Spahni; Milk Quotas in the European Community by Alison Burrell
Nucleosynthesis in Baryon-Rich Outflows Associated With Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Inoue, Susumu
name: Iwamoto, Nobuyuki
name: Orito, Manabu
name: Terasawa, Mariko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robust generation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) implies the formation of outflows with very low baryon loads and highly relativistic velocities, but more baryon-rich, slower outflows are also likely to occur in most GRB central engine scenarios, either as ``circum-jet winds'' or ``failed GRBs''. Here we study the possibility of nucleosynthesis within such baryon-rich outflows by conducting detailed reaction network calculations in the framework of the basic fireball model. It is shown that high baryon load fireballs attaining mildly relativistic velocities can synthesize appreciable quantities of heavy neutron capture elements with masses up to the platinum peak and beyond. Small but interesting amounts of light elements such as deuterium and boron can also be produced. Depending on the neutron excess and baryon load, the combination of high entropy, rapid initial expansion and gradual expansion at later times can cause the reaction flow to reach the fission regime, and its path can be intermediate between those of the $r$- and $s$-processes (``$n$-process''). The nucleosynthetic signature of these outflows may be observable in the companion stars of black hole binary systems and in the most metal-poor stars, potentially offering an important probe of the inner conditions of the GRB source. Contribution to the solar abundances for some heavy elements may also be possible. The prospects for further developments in various directions are discussed.
description: ApJ, in press; 11 pages, 3 figures
Problems associated with upgrading an established internal computer-based system for drug literature
Creators: name: M.C.G. Rivett
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Problems associated with upgrading an established internal computer-based system for drug literature
Trapping and electrical characterization of single core/shell iron-based nanoparticles in self-aligned nanogaps
Creators: name: Labra-Muñoz, Jacqueline
name: Konstantinovic, Zorica
name: Balcells, Lluis
name: Pomar, Alberto
name: Van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Dulić, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the fabrication and measurements of platinum-self-aligned nanogap devices containing cubed iron (core)/iron oxide (shell) nanoparticles (NPs) with two average different sizes (13 and 17 nm). The nanoparticles are deposited by means of a cluster gun technique. Their trapping across the nanogap is demonstrated by comparing the current vs voltage characteristics (I-Vs) before and after the deposition. At low temperature, the I-Vs can be well fitted to the Korotkov and Nazarov Coulomb blockade model, which captures the coexistence of single-electron tunneling and tunnel barrier suppression upon a bias voltage increase. The measurements thus show that Coulomb-blockaded devices can be made with a nanoparticle cluster source, which extends the existing possibilities to fabricate such devices to those in which it is very challenging to reduce the usual NP agglomeration given by a solution method.
description: (Figure 3d was updated) This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Appl. Phys. Lett. 115, 063104 (2019) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5094352
CLEAN GASTECHNOLOGIES FOR PROS SO'NDIRGICHLARI FOAM AND A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THEM
Creators: name: Makhmudov, M.J.
name: Hamroyev, R.J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The sour component of local and foreign gas that is formed in the foam cleaning device anti – silicone foam so'ndirgichlar known as silicon-based foam so'ndirgichlar are being widely used.
Assessing the rapidly-emerging landscape of net zero targets
Creators: name: Hale, Thomas
name: Smith, Stephen M.
name: Black, Richard
name: Cullen, Kate
name: Fay, Byron
name: Lang, John
name: Mahmood, Saba
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the five years since the Paris Agreement, achieving net zero emissions has become a defining frame for climate action. We review over 4000 countries, companies, and subnational governments, which together make up the preponderance of global emissions. We find 769 of these entities have net zero targets, but only 152 meet minimum criteria for robustness, including timing, status, coverage, use of offsets, and governance. Though net zero is now widespread as a concept, its operationalization is still in its infancy. Making net zero targets robust should now be a priority for policymakers in order to deliver Paris-consistent action, as well as securing more ambitious targets. Key policy insightsNet zero targets now cover two-thirds of the global economy, but robust net zero targets only cover around five percent.Strengthening targets and their implementation is particularly needed in the following areas: target status (including setting targets into law); coveraneuge of activities; limits to and transparency regarding the use of offsets; and publication of plans and of progress reports.Policymakers should aim to strengthen net zero targets by setting standards for robust net zero targets; building the capacity of entities, particularly those in the global South, to meet the technical and resource challenges required to effectively operationalize net zero emission targets. Net zero targets now cover two-thirds of the global economy, but robust net zero targets only cover around five percent. Strengthening targets and their implementation is particularly needed in the following areas: target status (including setting targets into law); coveraneuge of activities; limits to and transparency regarding the use of offsets; and publication of plans and of progress reports. Policymakers should aim to strengthen net zero targets by setting standards for robust net zero targets; building the capacity of entities, particularly those in the global South, to meet the technical and resource challenges required to effectively operationalize net zero emission targets.
Citrus blackfly in Florida: Eradication or bio-control?
Creators: name: Tefertiller, Kenneth R.
name: McKee, Vernon C.
name: Perry, Vernon G.
name: Tefertiller, Kenneth R.
name: McKee, Vernon C.
name: Perry, Vernon G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: The citrus blackfly (CBF) invaded south Florida in January 1976. It was considered by scientists to be a major threat to the Florida citrus industry located in the central part of the state. The CBF was successfully contained in a 1000 square mile tri-county quarantined area surrounding Ft. Lauderdale for several months before breaking out to an area near the commercial citrus production area. During this time federal and state research agencies were evaluating a bio-control approach involving two tiny wasps which were introduced in south Florida in 1976 by the United States Department of Agriculture. By late 1978 it had become clear to most of the leading scientists and some of the industry leaders that the spray program for eradication was failing and that research showed conclusively that the bio-control agents (two wasps) could be a permanent solution to the problem. After considerable deliberation, research administrators announced on 18 January 1979 that they were convinced that the CBF was under bio-control and was no longer a threat to the citrus industry. Although there was some resistance to giving up the concept of eradication with a spray program, it was announced on 8 March 1979, that the regulatory agencies would abandon the initial goal of eradication for a containment program and in August 1979 all spray programs were terminated. The bio-control agents have successfully kept the CBF under bio-control for 10 years. It was a low-cost, environmentally sound solution of a serious threat to the Florida citrus industry. The decision to support a bio-control program was approved (although perceived by some to be risky in 1979) and resulted in millions of dollars in savings to the people of Florida. Furthermore, since the bio-control agents continue to be well established in Florida at low levels, the state can be assured it will not be invaded again by CBF. The success of the CBF bio-control program engendered an increased credibility in this approach to management of other foreign pests. Increased emphasis on bio-control research
GW170817A as a Hierarchical Black Hole Merger
Creators: name: Gayathri, V.
name: Bartos, I.
name: Haiman, Z.
name: Klimenko, S.
name: Kocsis, B.
name: Marka, S.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the rapidly growing number of stellar-mass binary black hole mergers discovered through gravitational waves, the origin of these binaries is still not known. In galactic centers, black holes can be brought to each others' proximity by dynamical processes, resulting in mergers. It is also possible that black holes formed in previous mergers encounter new black holes, resulting in so-called hierarchical mergers. Hierarchical events carry signatures such as higher-than usual black hole mass and spin. Here we show that the recently reported gravitational-wave candidate, GW170817A, could be the result of such a hierarchical merger. In particular, its chirp mass $\sim40$ M$_\odot$ and effective spin of $χ_{\rm eff}\sim0.5$ are the typically expected values from hierarchical mergers within the disks of active galactic nuclei. We find that the reconstructed parameters of GW170817A strongly favor a hierarchical merger origin over having been produced by an isolated binary origin (with an Odds ratio of $>10^3$, after accounting for differences between the expected rates of hierarchical versus isolated mergers)
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Random Packings of Frictionless Particles
Creators: name: O'Hern, C. S.
name: Langer, S. A.
name: Liu, A. J.
name: Nagel, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study random packings of frictionless particles at T=0. The packing fraction where the pressure becomes nonzero is the same as the jamming threshold, where the static shear modulus becomes nonzero. The distribution of threshold packing fractions narrows and its peak approaches random close-packing as the system size increases. For packing fractions within the peak, there is no self-averaging, leading to exponential decay of the interparticle force distribution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Alberta hog industry problem of the 1960s: its definition and resolution
Creators: name: Hawkins, M. H.
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
name: Hawkins, M. H.
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: The hog industry in Western Canada in 1960s was in a state of turmoil associated with a vague, poorly understood production and marketing problem. Hog production was largely a supplementary farm activity producing an overfat product increasingly shunned by consumers. The structure, and also probably the existence, of the industry was in question. During the following 20 years, the industry changed fundamentally as various groups achieved a better definition and understanding of the problem. A reshaping of the industry was carried out by farmers, the Provincial Government, and a variety of agricultural professionals concerned with industry structure, emerging pork markets, physical characteristics of the product, and creation of a policy environment that provided incentives for output and productivity growth. The outcome has been the development of a viable pork industry in the Province (in spite of some past and continuing hindrances to industry growth) that has substantially solved the problem.
Bellitudo Russell 1943
Creators: name: Manzari, Shahab
name: Quicke, Donald L. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Bellitudo

description: 37. Bellitudo Russell
 B. jamaicae Russell
 Paratype, Jamaica: Holly Mount, 25–27.v.1904, (W. R. Maxon), ex: Coccoloba longiflora, B.M. 1998-131.
 West Indies: Jamaica, La Rozelle, Morant Bay, 16.iv.1969, (K. Heinze 12), ex: Coccoloba unifera.
 Jamaica: La Rozelle, 23.x.1969, (K. Heinze), ex: Coccoloba unifera, B.M. 1998-131.
 B. hispaniolae Russell
 Haiti: Port-au-Prince, 28.v.1930, (H.L. Dozier), ex: Coccoloba unifera, B.M. 1998-131.
description: Published as part of Manzari, Shahab & Quicke, Donald L. J., 2006, A cladistic analysis of whiteflies, subfamily Aleyrodinae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae), pp. 2423-2554 in Journal of Natural History 40 (44 - 46) on page 2497, DOI: 10.1080/00222930601121890, http://zenodo.org/record/5230482
title: 01_1814
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Toward farm-based policy analysis: concepts applied in Haiti
Creators: name: Martinez, Juan Carlos
name: Sain, Gustavo
name: Yates, Michael
name: Martinez, Juan Carlos
name: Sain, Gustavo
name: Yates, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics

description: Many policies - on the delivery of inputs or on marketing systems, credit, or extension - influence the potential utilization of new technologies. Through 'farm-based policy analysis' it is possible to use data generated in on-farm research (OFR) to identify policy constraints to the use of new technologies, and to effectively communicate that information to policy makers. This paper describes a tentative framework for farm-based policy analysis and suggests a sequence of five steps for the analysis: (1) identify the policy-induced constraints; (2) determine the rationale behind the policy; (3) identify the decision makers to whom the results should be communicated; (4) identify solutions or policy options; and (5) communicate results to decision makers. A case of farm-based policy analysis from Haiti illustrates the concepts and methods described in the first part of the paper. On-farm experiments in Les Cayes, Haiti, confirmed a response to nitrogen in maize, but adoption of the recommended practice and consequent gains in productivity and income were constrained by the scarcity of urea in the local market. An analysis of local supply and potential local demand for urea and the potential benefits of urea application was conducted, and results communicated to two target groups of decision makers: representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture responsible for fertilizer distribution policy, and representatives of private fertilizer enterprises. These groups responded by making larger supplies of urea available to local farmers. Adoption of the fertilizer recommendation and urea sales increased. The case demonstrates the potential value of farm-based policy analysis building upon data from OFR.
title: The impacts of school-based sex education on young Chinese adults
Creators: name: Li, Meiqi
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sex instruction--China

description: Due to the current social sexual issues in mainland China (e.g., child sexual abuse and increasing numbers of abortions etc.) and the status quo that people refuse to talk about either sex or sex education, the researcher started this study with the motivation of learning more about the impacts of sex education on young adults. The areas of focus that guided this research include: (a) what participants think about the sex education they received, (b) what their suggestions about sex education are, and (c) what their attitudes towards LGBTQ2+ members and issues are. Chapter 1 highlights the background and purpose of this study, including definitions of terms relevant to this research. In Chapter 2, a thorough investigation of relevant research is offered. Chapter 3 clearly outlines the research methods and procedures utilized in this research, including one-on-one interviews with eight participants and analyzed data via NVivo. In Chapter 4, five main themes are generated based on the participants’ responses, as well as an analysis of these themes in relation to researcher’s hypotheses and research questions. The highlights of these findings were that every respondent answered with the affirmative on the necessity of sex education, while providing diverse yet similar suggestions on the format of sex education at school. The acceptance of LGBTQ2+ members from the participants was also very high. Chapter 5 offers further recommendations and limitations based on the results of this study, and Chapter 6 concludes this research with a more personalized response from the researcher, herself.
Sensitivity to light sterile neutrinos at ESSnuSB
Creators: name: Ghosh, Monojit
name: Ohlsson, Tommy
name: Rosauro-Alcaraz, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis in the 3+1 active-sterile neutrino oscillation scenario for the sensitivity of the ESSnuSB experiment in the presence of light sterile neutrinos assuming both a far (FD) and a near (ND) detector. Our analysis show that when the ND is included, the results are significantly different compared to the ones obtained with the FD only. We find that the capability of ESSnuSB to constrain the sterile mixing parameters is $\sin^22θ_{μe} \sim 10^{-4}$ for $Δm^2 = 1$ eV$^2$ if the ND is included and it becomes $\sin^22θ_{μe} \sim 10^{-2}$ without the ND. Furthermore, we show that the sensitivity can go down to $\sin^22θ_{μe} \sim 10^{-3}$ for the most conservative choice of the systematics on the ND. Comparing the sensitivity with T2HK, T2HKK, and DUNE by considering the FD only, we find that the sensitivity of ESSnuSB is smaller for most of the parameter space. Studying the CP violation sensitivity, we find that if the ND is included, it can be larger in the 3+1 scenario than in the standard one. However, if the ND is not included, the sensitivity is smaller compared to the one in the standard scenario. We also find that the CP violation sensitivity due to $δ_{13}$ is larger compared to the one induced by $δ_{24}$. The sensitivities are slightly better for the dominant neutrino running ratio of ESSnuSB.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Final version published in JHEP
Production and uses of subject-matter research in federal service: observations from research on Farmer Mac
Creators: name: Hiemstra, Stephen W.
name: Hiemstra, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Rapid institutional innovation in the 1980's has led to problems that exceed the scope of research normally assumed by individual researchers. During such periods of rapid change, subject-matter research may be particularly useful. This paper reviews research on the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (Farmer Mac) and examines its role in the policy debate.
title: Effective implementation of daily SEL into my elementary classroom: a self-study
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sandra C.
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social learning

description: Social-emotional learning (SEL) in education is becoming increasingly important and is reflected in curriculum changes being made throughout North America. It is being more widely recognized as a means for helping students improve their academic achievement. When I started my research, I sought to examine the link between SEL and academic achievement of school-aged children. I was able to access a vast field of research that supports the link and suggests integration of academic, social, and emotional learning yields the best outcomes. For my thesis, I chose to do a self-study with a mixed methods approach to data collection. I collected qualitative data in the form of weekly reflective journals and interviews with two critical friends. I also collected quantitative data in the form of an online survey tool. The data collection process gave me the opportunity to improve my teaching practice through more focused attention on effective integration of SEL into my elementary classroom community. My study found that providing daily opportunities for students to learn and practice SEL skills creates a more cohesive classroom community where students are less anxious, communicate better, and are more ready to learn. Using what I have learned while conducting my self-study, my goal is to inform and keep momentum going for SEL in my district. I feel there needs to be a larger emphasis placed on the importance of creating welcoming and inclusive school and classroom communities that prioritize teaching students to be socially responsible, respectful, and good decision makers.
MPEC 2025-C171 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2025 February 15)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.