Zimankos makoa Barbosa & Azevedo, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Barbosa, Diego N.
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Zimankos
Zimankos makoa

description: Zimankos makoa Barbosa & Azevedo, sp. nov.
(Figs 41, 43–45, 63, 81, 82)
Material examined. Holotype, 3. MADAGASCAR, Antsiranana, Forêt de Bekaraoka 6.8 km 60° ENE Dariana, [elevation] 150 m, 7. xii.2003, 13 °10’00’’S, 49°42’36’’E, CAS, B.L. Fisher, [collection code:] BLF9876, CASENT 2071317 (CASC). Paratypes. MADAGASCAR, Antsiranana, 1 3, Forêt d'Ampondrabe 26.3 km 10° NNE Daraina, [elevation] 175 m, 10. xii.2003, 12 °58’12’’S, 49°42’00’’E, B.L. Fisher col[lecto]rs, yellow pan trap, tropical dry forest, [C] AS, [collection code:] BLF9975, CASENT 2172775 (CASC); 1 3, Forêt de Binara 7.5 km 230° SW Daraina, [elevation] 375 m, 1. xii.2003, 13 °15’18’’S, 49°37’00’’E, B.L. Fisher col[lecto]r, M[alaise] T[rap], [collection code:] BLF9557, CASENT 2071639 (CASC); Mahajanga Province, 1 3, Parc National de Namoroka 16.9 km 317° NW Vilanandro, elev[ation] 100 m, 12–16 November 2002, 16 °24'24''S, 45°18'36''E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector] Fisher, Griswold et al., yellow pan trap—in tropical dry forest, coll[ection] code: BLF6586, CASENT 2111459 (CASC).
Description. Holotype (Fig. 41). MALE. Body 5.86 mm. LFW 3.82 mm.
Colour. Scape, pedicel and mandible light castaneous; tegula, procoxa, mesocoxa, metacoxa, trochanters, profemur, mesofemur, metafemur, protibia, mesotibia, metatibia and tarsi castaneous; head and mesosoma orange; flagellum dark castaneous with first flagellomere castaneous; metasoma, palpi and wing venation dark castaneous; wings twice-banded.
Head (Fig. 43). Head wider than long, narrow [in lateral view]. Malar space shorter than VOL, parallel. Mandible with three sharpened apical teeth, equally wide in your extension; lower margin straight; lower tooth longer than immediately upper teeth, equally wide. Clypeus with median lobe delimitated, angulate; lateral lobe present, shorter than median lobe, rounded; median clypeal carina arched, complete, straight shape [in dorsal view], above torulus. Intertorular distance less than torulus diameter. Antenna with conspicuous pubescence, erect, sparse, medium; scape curved, thickening apicad; pedicel longer than wide, caliciform; first flagellomere twice longer than pedicel, longer than others; flagellomeres long, cylindrical shape; first five antennal segments in ratio of about 42:20:40:26:26. Frons strongly foveolate. Eye small, round, hairy, its contour protuberant. Ocellar triangle compact, with frontal angle right; composed by ocelli large; with ocellar fovea present, wide. Temple profile divergent anterad, vertex straight, its corner rounded. Palpi caliciform, cylindrical. Hypostomal carina forming obtuse angle. Dorsal half of occipital carina present, high, with side foveolate; ventral half of occipital carina present, complete, high, with side foveolate. LH 0.93 × WH. WF 1.55 × HE. WF 0.58 × WH. OOL 0.62 × WOT. VOL 0.62 × HE. Distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest 1.2 × DAO.
Mesosoma (Figs 44, 45). Pronotal disc 0.63 × as long as wide; densely foveolate; plate groove present, but incomplete; anterior slope straight; anterior margin straight, with transverse carina, with anterior corner rounded; trapezoidal shaped, with side slightly concave; longitudinal pronotal furrow present, complete, deep; posterior margin sinuous. Propleuron with epicoxal sulcus, deep, foveolate. Pleurosternum with epicoxal sulcus, foveolate. Mesoscutum foveolate, long; longitudinal mesoscutal furrow absent; notaulus complete, convergent posteriorly, deep, narrow, polished; parapsidal furrow incomplete, well impressed, parallel. Scutellar groove narrow, fused with axilla, arched, not dilated at ends; scutoscutellar sulcus conspicuous; scutellum short, foveolate, gibbous, not touching propodeal disc, with longitudinal median furrow; axilla polished, shallow. Metanotum overlapping lateral region of scutellum. Propodeal disc shorter than half width, with central fovea fused with propodeal triangle fovea; median carina complete; without longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carinae; sublateral and inner discal carina fused anteriorly; spiracle elliptical; inner discal carina complete; sublateral carina present; lateral carina present; lateral margin sculpture followed by short striae; posterior carina failed medially; posterior spine of propodeum present, long, thin, divergent. Declivity of propodeum areolate, with median carina, with lateral carina. Lateral surface of propodeum areolate, with superior carina, not penetrating at spine, with posterior carina. Mesopleuron foveolate, with subtegular fovea continuous with episternal furrow; mesopleural sulcus present, complete, foveolate; episternal furrow with inner margin striate.
Wings. Macropterous. Tegula separated of mesoscutum. Fore wing with sparse pilosity; with costal cell very narrow and longitudinally folded; median cell as long as submedian cell; basal vein angulate; transverse median vein biangulate; nebulous cubital vein present; nebulous anal cubital vein present; stigma subdeveloped, with distal margin truncate; radial vein slightly curved forward, giving raise at distal margin of stigma. Hind wing with costal vein long; with anal vein short; with one proximal hamuli; with three distal hamuli, first hamuli widely separated from others.
Legs. Metacoxa with dorsal spine, without ventral expansion. Protibia short [1.5× first tarsomere length], with protibial spur long [longer than half length of first tarsomere]. Tarsi with tarsomeres 1–4 progressively shorter distad, cylindrical; tarsal claw with two sharpened teeth, curved posterad; arolium simple, apex straight, and slender.
Metasoma. 1.67 × longer than wide; tergum 1 with ventral region areolate, with lap of lateral margin, with sparse lateral pilosity; tergum 2 with dorsal region punctured, with sparse lateral pilosity, with ventral region punctured; terga 3–6 with dorsal region polished, with ventral region polished; with posterior margin of tergites straight, with sparse setae at posterior margin of terga 2–6. Hypopygium (Fig. 63) longer than wide; with hypopygial median stalk partial divided; lateral margin parallel, and slightly concave; with posterior margin bilobate with median indentation, strongly concave, with filamentous branch.
Genitalia (Figs 81, 82). Genital ring protruding dorsally, with distal margin rounded and emarginated. Basivolsella fully outlined from basiparamere, with sparse line of hairs. Paramere fully divided into two arms; dorsal arm of paramere as long as ventral arm, club-shaped, and with basal margin thin; ventral arm of paramere slender, apex sparse hairy, inner margin concave. Cuspis birramous, with arms distinct; ventral arm aligned with dorsal arm apex, slender, and thin, with apex rounded; dorsal arm wide, and with apex rounded. Aedeagus slender; with pair of apical lobes, with apex aligned with paramere apex, lobes touching each other, with apical margin rounded, lateral of margin of basal portion slightly convex; apodeme parallel, with base with outer margin excavated.
Variations. Body length 4.11–5.86 mm; fore wing length 2.46–3.82 mm. Head castaneous; scape dark castaneous; mesosoma orange with propodeum and mesopleuron dark castaneous near black; tarsi light castaneous. Mesonotum with scutellum with longitudinal furrow weakly impressed. Propodeum with propodeal disc with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina; with lateral surface with carinae hardly distinct. Hind coxa with ventral expansion.
FEMALE unknown.
Remarks. This species is similar to Zimankos alluaudi (Kieffer, 1913) by having the head wider than long; the median clypeal lobe angulate, lateral lobe present and rounded; the antenna with first flagellomere longer than others; the ocellar triangle compact, the ocelli large; the longitudinal pronotal furrow present and the posterior margin sinuous; the mesoscutum foveolate; the scutellum foveolate; the propodeal disc with all carinae present and complete; the declivity and lateral surface of propodeum with all carinae present; the hypopygium with filamentous branch and with lateral margin parallel. However Z. makoa sp. nov. has the antenna with first flagellomere twice longer than pedicel; the anterior margin of pronotum with transverse carina; the longitudinal mesoscutal furrow absent; the notaulus narrow and polished; the scutellum with scutellar groove not dilated at ends, and with longitudinal median furrow; the propodeal disc without longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina, and with posterior carina failed medially; the lateral surface of propodeum with superior carina not penetrating at spine; the fore wing without nebulous cubital vein; the hypopygium with anterior margin unilobate, whereas Z. alluaudi has the antenna with first flagellomere longer than pedicel; the anterior margin of pronotum without transverse carina; the longitudinal mesoscutal furrow present; the notaulus wide and strigate; the scutellar groove dilated at ends, and without longitudinal median furrow; the propodeal disc with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina, and with posterior carina complete; the lateral surface of propodeum with superior carina penetrating at spine; the fore wing with nebulous cubital vein; the hypopygium with anterior margin bilobate.
description: Published as part of Barbosa, Diego N. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2012, Revision of Mesitiinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar, with description of eleven new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3417 on pages 28-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.246276