cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravitational instability of expanding shells: Solution with nonlinear terms
Creators: name: Wunsch, R.
name: Palous, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of the thin shell expanding into a uniform ambient medium is developed. Density perturbations are described using equations with linear and quadratic terms, and the linear and the nonlinear solutions are compared. We follow the time evolution of the fragmentation process and separate the well defined fragments. Their mass spectrum is compared to observations and we also estimate their formation time.
description: 10 pages, 16 figures, accepted by A&A
Chain Governance Systems and Sustainable Capital Use – A Conceptual Approach
Creators: name: Hubeau, Marianne
name: Mondelaers, Koen
name: Coteur, Ine
name: Marchand, Fleur L.
name: Lauwers, Ludwig
name: Hubeau, Marianne
name: Mondelaers, Koen
name: Coteur, Ine
name: Marchand, Fleur L.
name: Lauwers, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Global value chain analysis
subject: ecological economics
subject: agri-food chain
subject: sustainability

description: Due to pressures such as climate change, globalization, price volatility and scarcity of natural resources, our agri-food chain is urged to make a transition towards more sustainable production. How to organize such a transition, given the various stakeholders involved, and how to monitor progress still remain important challenges. This paper presents a new conceptual framework that follows an integrated chain approach to help address these challenges. First, it tackles the complex ecological and socio-economic challenges along the chain and its members (agriculture and food industries), and second, allows for decision support to chain members and policy. This framework combines two existing theoretical frameworks. The first framework is global chain value analysis (GCVA) of Gereffi (2005) which has its roots in institutional economics. GCVA categorizes five governance types of value chains (markets – modular – relational – captive – hierarchy) based on three variables: (i) the complexity of information and knowledge transfer required to sustain a particular transaction, (ii) the ability to regulate transactions, and (iii) the capabilities of actual and potential suppliers. The second framework, which was first formulated in ecological economics, extends the set of traditional economic resources to various forms of capital in the production system. These are natural (land, water, …), manufactured (buildings, machinery, ...), human (labour, skills,…), and social capital (networks,…). The economic system is fully embedded in the social system which in turn is embedded within the finite ecological system. Throughput of natural, social, human, and manufactured capital allows for the description of agri-food systems in terms of the maximal sustainable use of their stocks and flows. These two frameworks can be combined to perform an integrated system analysis of the agri-food chain, including the governance structures and the boundary conditions for the various types of capital. This paper describes this new conceptual framework illustrated by means of a case study of the agri-food chain in Flanders, Belgium.
Exchange interaction effects on the optical properties of LuMnO3
Creators: name: Souchkov, A. B.
name: Simpson, J. R.
name: Drew, H. D.
name: Quijada, M.
name: Ishibashi, H.
name: Hur, N.
name: Ahn, J. S.
name: Cheong, S. W.
name: Millis, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the optical conductivity of single crystal LuMnO3 from 10 to 45000 cm-1 at temperatures between 4 and 300 K. A symmetry allowed on-site Mn $d$-$d$ transition near 1.7 eV is observed to blue shift (~0.1 eV) in the antiferromagnetic state due to Mn-Mn superexchange interactions. Similar anomalies are observed in the temperature dependence of the TO phonon frequencies which arise from spin-phonon interaction. We find that the known anomaly in temperature dependence of the quasi-static dielectric constant epsilon_0 below the T_N ~90 K is overwhelmingly dominated by the phonon contributions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. accepted
Hadron Masses From Novel Fat-Link Fermion Actions
Creators: name: Zanotti, J. M.
name: Bilson-Thompson, S.
name: Bonnet, F. D. R.
name: Coddington, P. D.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Williams, A. G.
name: Zhang, J. B.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Lee, F. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadron mass spectrum is calculated in lattice QCD using a novel fat-link clover fermion action in which only the irrelevant operators in the fermion action are constructed using smeared links. The simulations are performed on a 16^3 x 32 lattice with a lattice spacing of a=0.125 fm. We compare actions with n=4 and 12 smearing sweeps with a smearing fraction of 0.7. The n=4 Fat-Link Irrelevant Clover (FLIC) action provides scaling which is superior to mean-field improvement, and offers advantages over nonperturbative 0(a) improvement, including a reduced exceptional configuration problem.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, new simulation with mean-field improved clover, further discussion of action
Continuous Toolpath Planning in Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: Gupta, Prashant
name: Krishnamoorthy, Bala
name: Dreifus, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.5
subject: 68U05, 68T40,

description: We develop a framework that creates a new polygonal mesh representation of the sparse infill domain of a layer-by-layer 3D printing job. We guarantee the existence of a single, continuous tool path covering each connected piece of the domain in every layer. We present a tool path algorithm that traverses each such continuous tool path with no crossovers. The key construction at the heart of our framework is an Euler transformation which converts a 2-dimensional cell complex K into a new 2-complex K^ such that every vertex in the 1-skeleton G^ of K^ has even degree. Hence G^ is Eulerian, and a Eulerian tour can be followed to print all edges in a continuous fashion. We start with a mesh K of the union of polygons obtained by projecting all layers to the plane. We compute its Euler transformation K^. In the slicing step, we clip K^ at each layer using its polygon to obtain a complex that may not necessarily be Euler. We then patch this complex by adding edges such that any odd-degree nodes created by slicing are transformed to have even degrees again. We print extra support edges in place of any segments left out to ensure there are no edges without support in the next layer. These support edges maintain the Euler nature of the complex. Finally we describe a tree-based search algorithm that builds the continuous tool path by traversing "concentric" cycles in the Euler complex. Our algorithm produces a tool path that avoids material collisions and crossovers, and can be printed in a continuous fashion irrespective of complex geometry or topology of the domain (e.g., holes). We implement our test our framework on several 3D objects. Apart from standard geometric shapes, we demonstrate the framework on the Stanford bunny.
description: Accepted in SPM2020; implementation details expanded, manuscript revised after review. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.02412
Additional file 1 of Sand supplementation favors tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii in eutrophic bay: implications for seagrass restoration and management
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhijian
name: Liu, Songlin
name: Cui, Lijun
name: He, Jialu
name: Fang, Yang
name: Premarathne, Chanaka
name: Li, Linglan
name: Wu, Yunchao
name: Huang, Xiaoping
name: Kumar, Manoj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Change trend of Y(II) (effective quantum yield).
MOESM1 of An immunoevasive strategy through clinically-relevant pan-cancer genomic and transcriptomic alterations of JAK-STAT signaling components
Creators: name: Chang, Wai
name: Lai, Alvina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. List of 133 JAK-STAT pathway genes.
Applications of Nonrelativistic Effective Field Theories to quarkonium systems with a small radius
Creators: name: Brambilla, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some predictions of nonrelativistic effective field theories for heavy quark-antiquark systems with a small typical radius, r<1/Λ_QCD.
description: 4 pages, uses espcrc2.sty, talk given at the BEACH2002 Conference, Vancouver, June 2002
Experimental Modelling and Molecular Mechanisms of Wallerian Degeneration in Traumatic Axonal Injury
Creators: name: Hill, Ciaran
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Axon
Wallerian
Degeneration
Traumatic brain injury

description: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common event that can lead to profound consequences for the individual involved, and a considerable socio-economic cost. The initial injury event triggers a series of secondary brain injury mechanisms that lead to further mortality and contribute to morbidity. One classical injury pathology is termed traumatic axonal injury (TAI), which in clinical settings produces the picture of diffuse axonal injury. TAI occurs both as a primary insult, and as a consequence of secondary mechanisms. One secondary injury mechanism that worsens TAI may be Wallerian degeneration (WD), a cell-autonomous axonal death pathway. The relationship between traumatic axonal injury and WD is poorly characterised. This thesis explores the basic mechanisms by which a physical axonal trauma can lead to WD, and how modulation of the WD pathway can affect the cellular responses to a traumatic injury. This involves the development and characterisation of in vitro and in vivo models of traumatic axonal injury. These models are then used to explore the response of cellular cultures to injury when treated with pharmacological and genetic modulators of WD. Using a primary neuronal stretch-injury system we demonstrate that rates of neurite degeneration are altered by modulators of the WD pathway but that a purported neuroprotective compound ‘P7C3-A20’ did not protect primary cultures in vivo and did not act via a WD dependent mechanism. An organotypic hippocampal slice stretch injury model was then used to demonstrate genetic rescue of cellular death, and used to assess amyloidogenic responses to injury. Next we established a TBI model using Drosophila Melanogaster, and demonstrated that a loss of function mutation in a key WD gene ‘highwire’ which controls NMNAT levels, was capable of rescuing premature death and a range of behavioral deficits after a high impact trauma. The injury caused dopaminergic neuronal loss and this was rescued by highwire mutation. Furthermore, this dopaminergic neuronal protection extended to a genetic PINK1 model of Parkinsonism. Together these results help establish WD as an important secondary injury mechanism in TBI, and provide evidence that modulation of the WD pathways can improve outcomes in various model systems. This provides a foundation for future translational research into the fields of WD and TBI.
description: Funded by a Wellcome Trust PhD for Clinicians Award
MOESM1 of Advanced platelet-rich fibrin plus gold nanoparticles enhanced the osteogenic capacity of human mesenchymal stem cells
Creators: name: Ghaznavi, Dara
name: Amirreza Babaloo
name: Adileh Shirmohammadi
name: Arezoo Zamani
name: Azizi, Mehdi
name: Rahbarghazi, Reza
name: Aisan Ghaznavi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Full description of the methods performed in the present study. It includes the protocol of AuNPs synthesis, PRP preparation, and human stem cells culture, preparation of A-PRF conditioned media, MTT survival assay, and osteogenic analyses. The statistical analysis section is presented in the e-file but not in the article file.
A blow-up result for the semilinear Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation with nonlinearity of derivative type in the conservative case
Creators: name: Chen, Wenhui
name: Palmieri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the blow-up of solutions to the semilinear Moore-Gibson-Thompson (MGT) equation with nonlinearity of derivative type $|u_t|^p$ in the conservative case. We apply an iteration method in order to study both the subcritical case and the critical case. Hence, we obtain a blow-up result for the semilinear MGT equation (under suitable assumptions for initial data) when the exponent $p$ for the nonlinear term satisfies $11$ for $n=1$. In particular, we find the same blow-up range for $p$ as in the corresponding semilinear wave equation with nonlinearity of derivative type.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.08838
Single spin-polarised Fermi surface in SrTiO$_3$ thin films
Creators: name: Guedes, Eduardo B.
name: Muff, Stefan
name: Fanciulli, Mauro
name: Weber, Andrew P.
name: Caputo, Marco
name: Wang, Zhiming
name: Plumb, Nicholas C.
name: Radović, Milan
name: Dil, J. Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2D electron gas (2DEG) formed at the surface of SrTiO$_3$(001) has attracted great interest because of its fascinating physical properties and potential as a novel electronic platform, but up to now has eluded a comprehensible way to tune its properties. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with and without spin detection we here show that the band filling can be controlled by growing thin SrTiO$_3$ films on Nb doped SrTiO$_3$(001) substrates. This results in a single spin-polarised 2D Fermi surface, which bears potential as platform for Majorana physics. Based on our results it can furthermore be concluded that the 2DEG does not extend more than 2 unit cells into the film and that its properties depend on the amount of SrO$_x$ at the surface and possibly the dielectric response of the system.
Monochroa inflexella Svensson 1992
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Monochroa
Monochroa inflexella

description: Monochroa inflexella Svensson, 1992
Miass 26–27.VI.1996, 29.V.2001; Moskovo 28.V.1998; Verbljushka 10–12.VI.1998, 01.VI.2004. A total of about 60 exx.
 Distribution. Very locally in Sweden, Lithuania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Romania and Russia (S Ural).
 Remarks. This species is very local in the southern Ural Mountains. The adult is usually swept from spots with plenty of Rubus fruticosus L. and Fragaria vesca L..
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Properties of the PCygni wind found using the Self Absorption Curve method
Creators: name: Muratorio, G.
name: Markova, N.
name: Friedjung, M.
name: Israelian, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the optical lines of N II and Fe III to study the wind of the luminous blue variable P Cyg. This was performed by applying a version of the Self Absorption Curve (SAC) method, involving few assumptions, to lines whose flux can be measured. A rather surprising result was obtained; the lines of more excited multiplets without blue shifted absorption components appear to be optically thick, while the lines of the most excited multiplets may show some indications of being optically thicker than the lines of less excited ones. Explanations of such effects are discussed, including possible inhomogeneities in the wind.
description: accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
High-resolution optical analyses of IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals
Creators: name: Mataragka, Stefania
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ca2+
calcium
ER
endoplasmic reticulum
Inositiol trisphosphate receptor
IP3
IP3R
Ca2+ puff
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy
IP3R subtype

description: Ca2+ is a universal intracellular messenger that regulates many cellular responses. Most cells express inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) that mediate Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when they bind IP3 produced after activation of cell-surface receptors. Vertebrate genomes encode three closely related subtypes of IP3R (IP3R1-3). High-resolution optical analyses have revealed a hierarchy of IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals that are thought to arise from the co-regulation of IP3Rs by IP3 and Ca2+. The smallest events (‘blips’) report the opening of single IP3Rs, Ca2+ ‘puffs’ report the almost simultaneous opening of a few clustered IP3Rs, and as stimulus intensities increase further Ca2+ signals propagate regeneratively as Ca2+ waves. The aim of this study was to establish whether all three IP3R subtypes can generate Ca2+ puffs. I first used a haploid cell line (HAP1 cells) to generate, using CRISPR/Cas9, a line lacking all endogenous IP3Rs. However, for analyses of Ca2+ puffs, I used HEK cells that had been engineered, using CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt endogenous genes, to express single IP3R subtypes. Local Ca2+ signals evoked by flash-photolysis of caged- IP3 were recorded using Cal520 and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. The Flika algorithm was used, and validated, for automated detection of Ca2+ puffs and to measure their properties. IP3 evoked Ca2+ puffs in wild-type HEK cells and in cells expressing single IP3R subtypes. In wild-type cells, the Ca2+ signals invariably propagated regeneratively to give global increases in cytosolic [Ca2+]. This occurred less frequently in cells expressing single IP3R subtypes, commensurate with their lower overall levels of IP3R expression. The properties of the Ca2+ puffs, including their rise and decay times, durations, the size of the unitary fluorescence steps as channels closed channel during the falling phase, and the estimated number of active IP3Rs in each Ca2+ puff, were broadly similar in each of the four cell lines. The latter observation suggests that despite lower overall levels of IP3R expression (~30%) in cells with single subtypes relative to WT cells, there is a mechanism that ensures formation of similarly sized IP3R clusters. The only significant differences between cell lines were the slower kinetics of the Ca2+ puffs evoked by IP3R2, which may suggest dissociation of IP3 from its receptor contributes to the termination of Ca2+ puffs. My results demonstrate, for the first time, that all three IP3R subtypes can generate Ca2+ puffs. I conclude that Ca2+ puffs are fundamental building blocks of all IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals.
description: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
The Falco cave: a top-ranking place for motivated aspiring dive guides
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: Guida, S.
name: Durante, M.
name: Pili, R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This contribution is based on personal archive photographic and video documentation acquired in 2015, during a foundational summer season.Sardinia has long been considered among the most appreciated locations from divers, although the seasonality of tourism and diving activities has a deep influence on the regional socio-economic balance. Some diving operators are deeply affected by this seasonal constraint, even though operating in areas characterized by astonishing biodiversity and geologically outstanding features deserving to be protected and more deeply understood. The Falco Cave is an example of this natural heritage and is located in the B zone of Capo-Caccia-Isola Piana MPA (Sardinia, Central Thyrrhenian Sea).
More on String Breaking in the 3D Abelian Higgs Model: the Photon Propagator
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Schiller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Landau gauge photon propagator in the three--dimensional Abelian Higgs model with compact gauge field and fundamentally charged matter in the London limit. The total gauge field is split into singular and regular parts. On the confinement side of the string breaking crossover the momentum dependence of the total propagator is characterized by an anomalous dimension similarly to 3D compact QED. At the crossover and throughout the Higgs region the anomalous dimension disappears. This result perfectly agrees with recent observations that the monopole--antimonopole plasma leads to nonzero anomalous dimension and the presence of the matter fields causes monopole pairing into dipole bound states. The Yukawa mass characterizing the propagator part from regular gauge fields is non-vanishing at the Higgs side and coincides with the mass found for the total propagator. The regular gauge field without anomalous dimension becomes massless at the crossover and in the confinement region.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX2e
Model-independent bounds on new physics effects in non-leptonic tree-level decays of B-mesons
Creators: name: Lenz, Alexander
name: Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a considerably improved analysis of model-independent bounds on new physics effects in non-leptonic tree-level decays of B-mesons. Our main finding is that contributions of about $\pm 0.1 $ to the Wilson coefficient of the colour-singlet operator $Q_2$ of the effective weak Hamiltonian and contributions in the range of $\pm 0.5$ (both for real and imaginary part) to $Q_1$ can currently not be excluded at the $90\%$ C.L.. Effects of such a size can modify the direct experimental extraction of the CKM angle $γ$ by up to $10^{\circ}$ and they could lead to an enhancement of the decay rate difference $ΔΓ_d$ of up to a factor of 5 over its SM value - a size that could explain the D0 dimuon asymmetry. Future more precise measurements of the semi-leptonic asymmetries $a_{sl}^q$ and the lifetime ratio $τ(B_s) / τ(B_d)$ will allow to shrink the bounds on tree-level new physics effects considerably. Due to significant improvements in the precision of the non-perturbative input we update all SM predictions for the mixing obervables in the course of this analysis, obtaining: $ΔM_s = (18.77 \pm 0.86 ) \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $ΔM_d = (0.543 \pm 0.029) \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $ΔΓ_s = (9.1 \pm 1.3 ) \cdot 10^{-2} \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $ΔΓ_d = (2.6 \pm 0.4 ) \cdot 10^{-3} \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $a_{sl}^s = (2.06 \pm 0.18) \cdot 10^{-5}$ and $a_{sl}^d = (-4.73 \pm 0.42) \cdot 10^{-4}$.
description: 81 pages, 26 figures. Version published in JHEP
Analytical calculations of four-neutrino oscillations in matter
Creators: name: Kamo, Yuki
name: Yajima, Satoshi
name: Higasida, Yoji
name: Kubota, Shin-Ichiro
name: Tokuo, Shoshi
name: Ichihara, Jun-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically derive transition probabilities for four-neutrino oscillations in matter. The time evolution operator giving the neutrino oscillations is expressed by the finite sum of terms up to the third power of the Hamiltonian in a matrix form, using the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. The result of computation for the probabilities in some mass patterns tells us that it is realistically difficult to observe the resonance between one of three active neutrinos and the fourth (sterile) neutrino near the earth, even if the fourth neutrino exists.
description: 21 pages, 6 Postscript figures; Corrected typos
Comment on "Observing a wormhole"
Creators: name: Krasnikov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their recent paper Dai and Stojkovic [arXiv:1910.00429] discuss an interesting possibility: a star near a wormhole mouth may gravitationally feel an object located near the other mouth. This means that a star's trajectory may tell an observer that the star orbits a wormhole mouth and not a black hole. I argue that within the approximation used in the paper the effect is, in fact, unobservable irrespective of how accurate the measurements are.
description: Close to the published version
Jaundice Awareness: Shedding Light on Liver Health
Creators: name: Bukhari, Kainat
name: Suleman, Aleeza
name: Khaliq, Hafiz Muhammad Haseeb
Publisher: name: Zenodo openAIRE, Google Scholar Indexed
Year: 2024
Subjects: Jaundice
Liver disease Management, Types of Jaundice, Pathophysiology, Medical Sciences

description: ABSTRACT

"Icterus," manifests as a visible yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, primarily attributed to the excessive accumulation of bilirubin, a bile pigment, within the systemic circulation and tissues. Notably, neonates bear a disproportionate burden, with an estimated 30 million newborns necessitating therapeutic interventions annually to address jaundice-related complications. Epidemiological insights highlight gender disparities, with females exhibiting a heightened susceptibility to hemolytic jaundice, whereas males demonstrate a predilection for hepatocellular jaundice and hepatic carcinoma. Despite its rarity, Crigler-Najjar syndrome epitomizes the diverse clinical spectrum of jaundice. The etiology of jaundice encompasses a multifaceted interplay of various predisposing factors, including chronic alcohol consumption, illicit drug utilization, and occupational exposure to hepatotoxic agents. Diagnostic evaluation entails a systematic approach, encompassing liver function assessments and advanced imaging modalities to delineate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Therapeutic interventions are contingent upon the identified etiology and may entail endoscopic interventions or surgical interventions aimed at alleviating biliary obstructions precipitated by calculi or neoplasms. Recent strides in jaundice management pivot on early disease detection and tailored therapeutic strategies, notably encompassing universal bilirubin screening for neonates and the adoption of evidence-based management protocols advocated by reputable medical bodies. In conclusion, jaundice emerges as a formidable global health challenge necessitating nuanced clinical management approaches. Ongoing research endeavors aim to deepen our understanding of its intricate pathogenesis and refine therapeutic modalities to ameliorate its impact on public health outcomes.

Keywords: Jaundice, Liver disease Management, Types of Jaundice, Pathophysiology, Medical Sciences
MOESM2 of An immunoevasive strategy through clinically-relevant pan-cancer genomic and transcriptomic alterations of JAK-STAT signaling components
Creators: name: Chang, Wai
name: Lai, Alvina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2. Fraction of somatic copy number alterations above 20% of samples within each cancer type.
Supersymmetry in the nonsupersymmetric Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model
Creators: name: Behrends, Jan
name: Béri, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetry is a powerful concept in quantum many-body physics. It helps to illuminate ground state properties of complex quantum systems and gives relations between correlation functions. In this work, we show that the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, in its simplest form of Majorana fermions with random four-body interactions, is supersymmetric. In contrast to existing explicitly supersymmetric extensions of the model, the supersymmetry we find requires no relations between couplings. The type of supersymmetry and the structure of the supercharges are entirely set by the number of interacting Majorana modes, and are thus fundamentally linked to the model's Altland-Zirnbauer classification. The supersymmetry we uncover has a natural interpretation in terms of a one-dimensional topological phase supporting Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev boundary physics, and has consequences away from the ground state, including in $q$-body dynamical correlation functions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
A new renormalon in two dimensions
Creators: name: Marino, Marcos
name: Reis, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to standard lore, perturbative series of super-renormalizable theories have only instanton singularities. In this paper we show that two-dimensional scalar theories with a spontaneously broken $O(N)$ symmetry at the classical level, which are super-renormalizable, have an IR renormalon singularity at large $N$. Since perturbative expansions in these theories are made around the "false vacuum" in which the global symmetry is broken, this singularity can be regarded as a manifestation of the non-perturbative absence of Goldstone bosons. We conjecture that the Borel singularity in the ground state energy of the Lieb--Liniger model is a non-relativistic manifestation of this phenomenon. We also provide {\it en passant} a detailed perturbative calculation of the Lieb--Liniger energy up to two-loops, and we check that it agrees with the prediction of the Bethe ansatz.
description: v3: 33 pages, 11 figures, revised version for publication in JHEP
Fluctuation Relations For Adiabatic Pumping
Creators: name: Hino, Yuki
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an extended fluctuation relation for an open system coupled with two reservoirs under adiabatic one-cycle modulation. We confirm that the geometric phase caused by the Berry-Sintisyn-Nemenman curvature in the parameter space generates non-Gaussian fluctuations. This non-Gaussianity is enhanced for the instantaneous fluctuation relation when the bias between the two reservoirs disappears.
Millimetric Observations of the Center of M81 : A Starved Nucleus with Intraday Variability
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Kazushi
name: Fukuda, Hiroyuki
name: Wada, Keiichi
name: Habe, Asao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central kiloparsec of M81 has been observed in the CO(J=1-0) line and the 3 mm continuum at 100 pc resolution in an attempt to probe molecular gas, and to search for the nuclear inner Lindblad resonance (NILR), around the low-luminosity AGN M81*. We found the following. (1) Molecular gas in the central kpc is mainly on a ``pseudoring'' or a spiral arm at a radius of about 500 pc. (2) The region within ~300 pc from the nucleus is mostly devoid of molecular gas except for diffuse one; in particular, there is neither a giant molecular cloud that is now accreting on the nucleus nor a conspicuous gas feature that can be identified as an NILR. (3) The 3 mm continuum emission shows significant intraday variation, suggesting an emitting region of ~100 AU. (4) The 3-sigma upper limit for CO absorption toward the continuum source is tau_CO(0->1) dV < 0.1 for a linewidth of 10 km/s. The dearth of accreting molecular gas in the vicinity of the nucleus may explain the low luminosity of M81*.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures (2 of them bitmapped), to appear in AJ (Sept. 2001), for full ps file see http://th.nao.ac.jp/~wada/m81/
X-ray Synchrotron Spectral Hardenings from Compton and Synchrotron Losses in Extended Chandra Jets
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
name: Atoyan, Armen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra observations of knots and hot spots in spatially resolved X-ray jets of radio galaxies show that the X-ray fluxes often lie above an extrapolation from the radio-to-optical continuum fluxes. We show that combined synchrotron and Compton losses on a single power-law electron injection function can produce a hardening in the electron spectrum at electron Lorentz factors γ\~ 2e8/[Γ(1+z)] due to KN energy losses on the cosmic microwave background radiation. Here Γis the bulk Lorentz factor of the outflow, and z is the source redshift. This produces a flattening in the spectrum at frequencies >~ 8e16 δB_{μG}/[Γ^2(1+z)^3] Hz, where B_{μG} is the magnetic field in the comoving plasma frame in units of micro-Gauss and δis the Doppler factor. A single population of synchrotron-emitting electrons may therefore produce the radio-to-X-ray continuum in some radio galaxy knots, such as those in 3C 273.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Monochroa lutulentella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Monochroa
Monochroa lutulentella

description: Monochroa lutulentella (Zeller, 1839)
Ajat river 03–04. VII.1997; Arkaim 14–19. VI.1996; 08–09.VII.1997, 23.VII.1998; Bajmak 17. VI.1998; Berlin 30. VI –02. VII.1997; Bishtiryak 13. VII.1998; Iremel 25. VI.1999; Kuvandyk 13–16. VI.1998; Moskovo 23.VI.1996, 10.VII.1997; Verbljushka 10–12.VI.1998, 17–19.VI.1999. Common.
 Distribution. Widely distributed in N Europe and C European mountain ranges eastward to the Ural Mountains.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Additional file 1 of Field evaluations of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave in South Africa
Creators: name: Samsunder, Natasha
name: Lustig, Gila
name: Ngubane, Slindile
name: Maseko, Thando Glory
name: Rambaran, Santhuri
name: Ngcapu, Sinaye
name: Magini, Stanley Nzuzo
name: Lewis, Lara
name: Cawood, Cherie
name: Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
name: Karim, Quarraisha Abdool
name: Karim, Salim Abdool
name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Sivro, Aida
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figures: Fig. 1. Differences in SARS-CoV-2 CN values between true positive and false negative samples for A) Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device (nasal) B) Espline SARS-CoV-2 Ag test (NP) C) STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag test (NP) D) RightSign COVID-19 Antigen Rapid test Cassette (nasal). Supplementary tables: Table 1. Estimations of test performance for Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device (nasal) and Espline SARS-CoV-2 Ag test (NP) with respect to RT-PCR CN values (A) and presence/duration of symptoms (B). *Represents overall sensitivity and specificity (CN values for all positive samples were <31). Table 2. Estimations of test performance for STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag test (NP) and RightSign COVID-19 Antigen Rapid test Cassette (Nasal Swab) with respect to RT-PCR CN values (A) and presence/duration of symptoms (B). *Represents overall sensitivity and specificity (CN values for all positive samples were <31).
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Creators: name: Sarimsakova, Ziyoda Baxtiyarovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: English pronunciation is an important but often overlooked aspect of language learning in higher education. Effective pronunciation improves students' communication skills, which are critical for academic and professional success. However, teaching pronunciation presents a number of challenges. Linguistic differences between students' native languages and English phonetics frequently cause difficulties in mastering sounds, stress, and intonation patterns. Anxiety, fear of making mistakes, and a lack of confidence all contribute to students' unwillingness to practice. Furthermore, institutional constraints, such as limited resources, insufficiently trained educators, and a lack of pronunciation-focused curricula, result in insufficient attention to this skill.

This article investigates these challenges and proposes practical solutions to improve pronunciation instruction. Incorporating technology, such as speech recognition software and pronunciation apps, provides learners with personalized feedback and interactive practice. Enhanced teacher training can provide educators with effective strategies for addressing common errors and incorporating pronunciation into language courses. Furthermore, creating supportive learning environments can reduce anxiety and promote active participation.

By addressing these issues, higher education institutions can help students improve their pronunciation skills, allowing them to communicate more confidently and effectively. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing novel strategies to ensure that students are adequately prepared for the demands of a globalized world.
Ginsparg-Wilson fermions: practical aspects and applications
Creators: name: Hernandez, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent progress in the implementation of lattice fermions satisfying the Ginsparg-Wilson relation and some physical applications.
description: 6 pages, Talk at Lattice 2001(plenary)
MOESM1 of Effects of pollution, low temperature and influenza syndrome on the excess mortality risk in winter 2016â 2017
Creators: name: Murtas, Rossella
name: Russo, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Associations between deaths from natural and cause-specific disease and exposures (continuous and dummy) at various lags.
Additional file 1 of The preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on anesthesia complications in strabismus surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Yiren
name: Li, Mingjie
name: Zheng, Yajing
name: Chen, Ailuan
name: Li, Chengjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
MOESM2 of Definition of a systematic review used in overviews of systematic reviews, meta-epidemiological studies and textbooks
Creators: name: Martinic, Marina Krnic
name: Pieper, Dawid
name: Glatt, Angelina
name: Puljak, Livia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S3. Definitions of a systematic review from nine manuscripts with the most commonly used combination of categories. A file containing verbatim extracted definitions that were used in nine manuscripts that had the most commonly used combination of categories of systematic review definitions
Turbulent viscosity acting on the equilibrium tidal flow in convective stars
Creators: name: Vidal, Jérémie
name: Barker, Adrian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convection is thought to act as a turbulent viscosity in damping tidal flows and in driving spin and orbital evolution in close convective binary systems. This turbulent viscosity should be reduced, compared to mixing-length predictions, when the forcing (tidal) frequency $|ω_t|$ exceeds the turnover frequency $ω_{cv}$ of the dominant convective eddies. However, two contradictory scaling laws have been proposed and this issue remains highly disputed. To revisit this controversy, we conduct the first direct numerical simulations (DNS) of convection interacting with the equilibrium tidal flow in an idealized global model of a low-mass star. We present direct computations of the turbulent effective viscosity, $ν_E$, acting on the equilibrium tidal flow. We unexpectedly report the coexistence of the two disputed scaling laws, which reconciles previous theoretical (and numerical) findings. We recover the universal quadratic scaling $ν_E \propto (|ω_t|/ω_{cv})^{-2}$ in the high-frequency regime $|ω_t|/ω_{cv} \gg 1$. Our results also support the linear scaling $ν_E \propto (|ω_t|/ω_{cv})^{-1}$ in an intermediate regime with $1 \leq |ω_t|/ω_{cv} = \mathcal{O}(10)$. Both regimes may be relevant to explain the observed properties of close binaries, including spin synchronization of solar-type stars and the circularization of low-mass stars. The robustness of these two regimes of tidal dissipation, and the transition between them, should be explored further in more realistic models. A better understanding of the interaction between convection and tidal flows is indeed essential to correctly interpret observations of close binary stars and short-period planetary orbits.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, published 2020 January 16 in ApJL, typos corrected
The church courts in Restoration England, 1660–c. 1689
Creators: name: Åklundh, Jens
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Early Modern England
Early Modern History
Religious History
History
Nonconformity
Dissent
Quakers
Religious Toleration
History of the Church of England
History of bureaucracy
Instiutional History
Restoration England
Church courts

description: After a two-decade hiatus, the English church courts were revived by an act of Parliament on 27 July 1661, to resume their traditional task of correcting spiritual and moral misdemeanours. Soon thereafter, parishioners across England’s dioceses once more faced admonition, fines, excommunication, and even imprisonment if they failed to conform to the laws of the restored Church of England. Whether they were successful or not in maintaining orthodoxy has been the principal question guiding historians interested in these tribunals, and most have concluded that, at least compared to their antebellum predecessors, the restored church courts constituted little more than a paper tiger, whose censures did little to halt the spread of dissent, partial conformity and immoral behaviour. This thesis will, in part, question such conclusions. Its main purpose, however, is to make a methodological intervention in the study of ecclesiastical court records. Rejecting Geoffrey Elton’s assertion that these records represent ‘the most strikingly repulsive relics of the past’, it argues that a closer, more creative study of the bureaucratic processes maintaining the church courts can considerably enhance not only our understanding of these rather enigmatic tribunals but also of the individuals and communities who interacted with them. Studying those in charge of the courts, the first half of this thesis will explore the considerable friction between the Church’s ministry and the salaried bureaucrats and lawyers permanently staffing the courts. This, it argues, has important ramifications for our understanding of early modern office-holding, but it also sheds new light on the theological disposition of the Restoration Church. Using the same sources, coupled with substantial consultation of contemporary polemic, letters and diaries, the fourth and fifth chapters will argue that the sanctions of the restored church courts were often far from the ‘empty threat’ historians have tended to assume. Excommunication in particular could be profoundly distressing even for such radical dissenters as the Quakers, and this should cause us to reconsider how individuals and communities from various hues of the denominational spectrum related to the established Church.
description: I was funded by the AHRC and Trinity College, Cambridge.