cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A quantum protocol to win the graph colouring game on all Hadamard graphs
Creators: name: Avis, David
name: Hasegawa, Jun
name: Kikuchi, Yosuke
name: Sasaki, Yuuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with graph colouring games, an example of pseudo-telepathy, in which two provers can convince a verifier that a graph $G$ is $c$-colourable where $c$ is less than the chromatic number of the graph. They win the game if they convince the verifier. It is known that the players cannot win if they share only classical information, but they can win in some cases by sharing entanglement. The smallest known graph where the players win in the quantum setting, but not in the classical setting, was found by Galliard, Tapp and Wolf and has 32,768 vertices. It is a connected component of the Hadamard graph $G_N$ with $N=c=16$. Their protocol applies only to Hadamard graphs where $N$ is a power of 2. We propose a protocol that applies to all Hadamard graphs. Combined with a result of Frankl, this shows that the players can win on any induced subgraph of $G_{12}$ having 1609 vertices, with $c=12$. Combined with a result of Frankl and Rodl, our result shows that all sufficiently large Hadamard graphs yield pseudo-telepathy games.
description: 5page
The Exchange Rate and Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico
Creators: name: Parajuli, Shanta
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Parajuli, Shanta
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Exchange rate
subject: Foreign direct investment
subject: Mexico
subject: OECD

description: This paper analyzed the exchange rate and inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico from the 25 developed countries comprising the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Our empirical result does not support the significant relationship between exchange rate and exchange rate volatility to determine FDI in Mexico. The wages, export, and distance are found to be significant variables to determine FDI in Mexico which is supported by literatures.
POP909: A Pop-song Dataset for Music Arrangement Generation
Creators: name: Wang, Ziyu
name: Chen, Ke
name: Jiang, Junyan
name: Zhang, Yiyi
name: Xu, Maoran
name: Dai, Shuqi
name: Gu, Xianbin
name: Xia, Gus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Music arrangement generation is a subtask of automatic music generation, which involves reconstructing and re-conceptualizing a piece with new compositional techniques. Such a generation process inevitably requires reference from the original melody, chord progression, or other structural information. Despite some promising models for arrangement, they lack more refined data to achieve better evaluations and more practical results. In this paper, we propose POP909, a dataset which contains multiple versions of the piano arrangements of 909 popular songs created by professional musicians. The main body of the dataset contains the vocal melody, the lead instrument melody, and the piano accompaniment for each song in MIDI format, which are aligned to the original audio files. Furthermore, we provide the annotations of tempo, beat, key, and chords, where the tempo curves are hand-labeled and others are done by MIR algorithms. Finally, we conduct several baseline experiments with this dataset using standard deep music generation algorithms.
Instabilities driven by diffusio-phoretic flow on catalytic surfaces
Creators: name: Chen, Yibo
name: Chong, Kai Leong
name: Liu, Luoqin
name: Verzicco, Roberto
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and numerically investigate the instabilities driven by diffusiophoretic flow, caused by a solutal concentration gradient along a reacting surface. The important control parameter is the Peclet number Pe, which quantifies the ratio of the solutal advection rate to the diffusion rate. First, we study the diffusiophoretic flow on a catalytic plane in two dimensions. From a linear stability analysis, we obtain that for Pe larger than 8pi, mass transport by convection overtakes that by diffusion, and a symmetry-breaking mode arises, which is consistent with numerical results. For even larger Pe, non-linear terms become important. For Pe larger than 16pi, multiple concentration plumes are emitted from the catalytic plane, which eventually merges into a single larger one. When Pe is even larger, there are continuous emissions and merging events of the concentration plumes. This newly-found flow state reflects the non-linear saturation of the system. The critical Peclet number for the transition to this state depends on Schmidt number Sc. In the second part of the paper, we conduct three-dimensional simulations for spherical catalytic particles, and beyond a critical Peclet number again find continuous plume emission and plume merging, now leading to chaotic motion of the phoretic particle. Our results thus help to understand the experimentally observed chaotic motion of catalytic particles in the high Pe regime.
Has Country of Origin Labeling Influenced Salmon Consumption?
Creators: name: Wozniak, Shawn J.
name: Wozniak, Shawn J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: salmon
subject: COOL
subject: country of origin
subject: AIDS
subject: nonlinear

description: Country-of-Origin Labeling (COOL) legislation for fish and shellfish was passed as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002. Farm-raised and wild-caught seafood items caught after December 4, 2004, began COOL in April 4, 2005. COOL requires retailers to display the country of origin on seafood. Using a nonlinear AIDS model the demand for 3 salmon products was estimate--precooked, uncooked fresh, and uncooked frozen. COOL had no significant impact on consumer demand for the three products. The 3 salmon products were all found to be inelastic, but uncooked fresh was found to be more price sensitive than precooked and uncooked frozen salmon.
Plants Containing Oxalates
Creators: name: S. Gautam
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description:  

Introduction

·       Oxalates poisoning is of great concern in livestock and human beings all over the world.

·       Oxalic acid is an organic dicarboxylic acid that readily forms insoluble salts with cations like calcium and magnesium. However, its sodium, potassium or ammonium salts are highly soluble and can induce toxicity in animals.
Predictions for the beauty meson spectrum
Creators: name: Alhakami, Mohammad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the spectrum of the four $1S$ and eight $1P$ nonstrange and strange states in the beauty meson family in the context of effective field theory. By the union of heavy quark effective theory and chiral perturbation theory, the mass formalisms for the heavy-light mesons are defined. Our analysis uses mass expressions involving, for the first time, the full leading self-energy corrections and leading power corrections to the heavy quark and chiral limits. The counterterms present in these expressions are fitted using available experimental and theoretical information on the charmed meson masses and couplings. The results from charm sector are used to make theoretical expectations on the analog beauty meson spectrum. The observed spectrum of the ground state, $B^{(*)}_{(s)}$, and excited, $B_{(s)1}$ and $B^*_{(s)2}$, beauty mesons are well reproduced in our theoretical calculations. The excited scalar, $B^*_{(s)0}$, and axial-vector, $B^\prime_{(s)1}$, beauty mesons have not yet been discovered. Hopefully our predictions may provide valuable clues to further experimental exploration of these missing resonances.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; more discussion added
Profile of Hired Farmworkers, A 2008 Update
Creators: name: Kandel, William
name: Kandel, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Production Economics
subject: Hired farmworkers
subject: farm labor
subject: agriculture
subject: migrant
subject: immigrant
subject: farm structure
subject: demography
subject: legal status
subject: employment
subject: poverty
subject: housing
subject: social services
subject: health

description: Hired farmworkers make up a third of the total agricultural labor force and are critical to U.S. agricultural production, particularly in labor-intensive sectors such as fruits and vegetables. The hired farmworker labor market is unique because it includes a large population of relatively disadvantaged and often unauthorized workers, a portion of whom migrate to, and within, the United States. Recent economic and demographic trends, such as changing agricultural production methods that permit year-round employment, expanding immigrant populations in nonmetropolitan counties, and growing concerns over U.S. immigration policies, have elicited increased interest in hired farmworkers. This 2008 profile serves as an update to the 2000 Economic Research Service analysis of the 1998 Current Population Survey using current data with expanded sections on legal status, poverty, housing, and use of social services.
Heat Diffusion Imaging: In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Thin Films in a Broad Temperature Range
Creators: name: Zhu, T.
name: Olson, D. H.
name: Hopkins, P. E.
name: Zebarjadi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work combines the principles of the heat spreader method and imaging capability of the thermoreflectance measurements to measure the in-plane thermal conductivity of thin-films without the requirement of film suspension or multiple thermometer deposition. We refer to this hybrid technique as heat diffusion imaging. The thermoreflectance imaging system provides a temperature distribution map across the film surface. The in-plane thermal conductivity can be extracted from the temperature decay profile. By coupling the system with a cryostat, we were able to conduct measurements from 40 K to 400 K. Silicon thin film samples with and without periodic holes were measured and compared with in-plane time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measurement and literature data as validation for heat diffusion imaging.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Doctor Consortium - Paper 2 - Simona Manni
Creators: name: Manni, Simona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Title: Interactive Media and Non-Linear ParticipatoryNarratives of Mental Health
Author: Simona Manni
Quantum Non-demolition Measurements on Qubits
Creators: name: Ralph, T. C.
name: Bartlett, S. D.
name: O'Brien, J. L.
name: Pryde, G. J.
name: Wiseman, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the characterization and properties of quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements on qubit systems. We introduce figures of merit which can be applied to systems of any Hilbert space dimension thus providing universal criteria for characterizing QND measurements. We discuss the controlled-NOT gate and an optical implementation as examples of QND devices for qubits. We also discuss the QND measurement of weak values.
Doctoral Consortium - Paper 3 - Wilmer Moina-Rivera
Creators: name: Wlimer Moina-Rivera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80401 Coding and Information Theory
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Title: Video Encoding Cloud System for High Performance Scenarios
Author: Wilmer Moina-Rivera
Van der Waerden calculus with commuting spinor variables and the Hilbert-Krein structure of the superspace
Creators: name: Constantinescu, Florin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Working with anticommuting Weyl(or Mayorana) spinors in the framework of the van der Waerden calculus is standard in supersymmetry. The natural frame for rigorous supersymmetric quantum field theory makes use of operator-valued superdistributions defined on supersymmetric test functions. In turn this makes necessary a van der Waerden calculus in which the Grassmann variables anticommute but the fermionic components are commutative instead of being anticommutative. We work out such a calculus in view of applications to the rigorous conceptual problems of the N=1 supersymmetric quantum field theory.
description: 14 pages
NGC 770: A Counter-Rotating Core in a Low-Luminosity Elliptical Galaxy
Creators: name: Geha, M.
name: Guhathakurta, P.
name: van der Marel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for a counter-rotating core in the low-luminosity (M_B = -18.2) elliptical galaxy NGC 770 based on internal stellar kinematic data. This counter-rotating core is unusual as NGC 770 is not the primary galaxy in the region and it lies in an environment with evidence of on-going tidal interactions. We discovered the counter-rotating core via single-slit Keck/ESI echelle spectroscopy; subsequent integral field spectroscopy was obtained with the Gemini/GMOS IFU. The counter-rotating region has a peak rotation velocity of 21 km/s as compared to the main galaxy's rotation speed of greater than 45 km/s in the opposite direction. The counter-rotating region extends to a radius of 4'' (0.6 kpc), slightly smaller than the half-light radius of the galaxy which is 5.3'' (0.8 kpc) and is confined to a disk whose scale height is less than 0.8'' (0.1 kpc). We compute an age and metallicity of the inner counter-rotating region of 3 +/- 0.5 Gyr and [Fe/H] = 0.2 +/- 0.2 dex, based on Lick absorption-line indices. The lack of other large galaxies in this region limits possible scenarios for the formation of the counter-rotating core. We discuss several scenarios and favor one in which NGC 770 accreted a small gas-rich dwarf galaxy during a very minor merging event. If this scenario is correct, it represents one of the few known examples of merging between two dwarf-sized galaxies.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to AJ. See this http://www.ociw.edu/~mgeha/geha.ps.gz for version with high resolution figures
Energy of cosmological spacetimes and perturbations: a quasilocal approach
Creators: name: Oltean, Marius
name: Moghaddam, Hossein Bazrafshan
name: Epp, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasilocal definitions of stress-energy-momentum -- that is, in the form of boundary densities (rather than local volume densities) -- have proven generally very useful in formulating and applying conservation laws in general relativity. In this paper, we present a detailed application of such definitions to cosmology, specifically using the Brown-York quasilocal stress-energy-momentum tensor for matter and gravity combined. We compute this tensor, focusing on the energy and its associated conservation law, for FLRW spacetimes with no pertubrations and with scalar cosmological perturbations. For unperturbed FLRW spacetimes, we emphasize the importance of the vacuum energy (for both flat and curved space), which is almost universally underappreciated (and usually "subtracted"), and discuss the quasilocal interpretation of the cosmological constant. For the perturbed FLRW spacetime, we show how our results recover or relate to the more typical effective local treatment of energy in cosmology, with a view towards better studying the issues of the cosmological constant and of cosmological back-reactions.
description: v1: 28 pages, 3 figures; v2: 30 pages. References and comments added; v3: 35 pages. New subsection (IV A) added
Universal service and network externalities in telecommunications : from an economic perspective in China
Creators: name: Li, Changzheng (Aviva)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Current universal service policy in the telecommunications industry aims to provide available, affordable and accessible telecommunications services to all citizens. The economic rationale of this policy is network externalities. Network externalities refer to the benefit of all users in a network derived from a subsequent network expansion. To maximize network externalities, three network expansion approaches are investigated: improving penetration rates, the market structure and interconnection. Current universal service policy is primarily focused on the first approach, while the importance of the market structure, interconnection and their interaction in network expansion is often neglected. As the economic perspective is concerned, network externalities are the ultimate concern in the provision of universal service. The dynamics of these three network expansion approaches determines the effects of network expansion and the outcome of universal service. This paper applies the logic of network externalities to investigate the dynamics of these three network expansion approaches and their policy implications in developing countries' provision of universal service. Explicit funding and allocating mechanisms to improve penetration rates and a market structure with symmetrically vertical-integrated competition are recommended. As well, the importance of economic growth in relation to telecommunications development is presented.
Distributed Adaptive Formation Control for Multi-UAV to Enable Connectivity
Creators: name: Rahmani, Rahim
name: Firouzi, Ramin
name: Kanter, Theo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is increasing demand for control of multi-robot and as well distributing large amounts of content to cluster of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) on the operation. In recent years several large-scale accidents have happened. To facilitate rescue operations and gather information, the technology that can access and map inaccessible areas is needed. This paper presents a disruptive approach to address the issues with communication, data collection and data sharing for UAV units in inaccessible or dead zones and We demonstrated feasibility of the approach and evaluate its advantages over the Ad Hoc architecture involving autonomous gateways
Study of Economic Impacts Derived from 2005 to 2009 Rural Texas Community Events and Factors that Predict Spending?
Creators: name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Murova, Olga I.
name: Lyford, Conrad P.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Murova, Olga I.
name: Lyford, Conrad P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: rural economic impact
subject: tourism value
subject: economic development
subject: tourism
subject: rural tourism
subject: travel spending
subject: community events
subject: tourism events
subject: factors of tourism spending

description: In this paper, we review the tourism impact from state supported events associated with Texas Rural Economic Development program and in the process of funding measure aspects of events that are found to be related to economic value. The economic values are the result of visitor spending and extrapolated to total event attendance creates economic value. Communities receiving funding were responsible for collecting visitor surveys to measure consumer spending as well as the community completing a survey to record descriptors of the event. The overall program results were that state support represented 14 percent of the total event investment and total event value from visitor spending created approximately $7.50 return for every $1 of state funding. However, this paper focuses on visitor spending and factors that contribute to economic impacts from those activities. The results indicate that there is a high positive correlation (Spearman Rho=.51) between miles traveled and visitor spending. Also found were significant low positive correlations for art events (r=.041) to higher spending while local heritage events had low negative correlations (r=-.038), which identifies lower spending. Visitors recognizing higher spending at events also visited surrounding communities and traveled over 60 miles to attend. Another target results was to measure the value of those traveling over 60 miles to attend, which resulted in recognized spending three-times above those traveling less than 60 miles ($129 versus $326 per person). In the area of advertising, web promotions were the only category related to higher spending values.
Mecodelphys Kim & Boxshall 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Hoi
name: Boxshall, Geoff A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Copepoda
Cyclopoida
Notodelphyidae
Mecodelphys

description: Mecodelphys gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Body Doropygus -like. Prosomal somites divided only by weak constrictions; third and fourth pedigerous somites fused, forming inflated brood pouch. Free urosome clearly 5-segmented, inserted into ventral side of brood pouch. Caudal ramus armed with small setae. Rostrum well-developed. Antennule incompletely segmentedwith reduced setation. Antenna 3-segmented with small terminal claw. Labrum distinct. Mandible consistingof biramous palp only; exopod and endopod fused to basis, lobate, unsegmented, each armed with 4 setae. Maxillule, maxilla and maxilliped each represented by single lobe bearing 1 to few setae. Legs 1–4 biramous with extremely long, unsegmented rami; setation reduced. Leg 5 represented by 2 processes each bearing 1 seta.
Type and only species. Mecodelphys edentatus gen. et sp. nov. by original designation.
Etymology. The generic name is derived from the Greek meco (=long) and - delphys (a common ending for genera in the family) and refers to the elongate swimming legs of the new genus. Gender masculine.
Remarks. The body of Mecodelphys gen. nov. is similar to that of Doroixys, but its mouthparts and legs are entirely different from those of Doroixys and the other genera in the Doroixys -group. Although the characteristically elongate and unsegmented rami of legs 1–4of Mecodelphys gen. nov. are sharedby Unimeria gen. nov., they display several other important morphological differences. In Mecodelphys gen. nov. the urosome is distinctly 5-segmented whereas it is unsegmented in Unimeria gen. nov. The mandible of Mecodelphys gen. nov. lacks the coxal gnathobase and its exopod and endopod are both fused to the basis whereas the mandible of Unimeria gen. nov. has a pectinate coxal gnathobase and has a free exopod and endopod. The maxilliped is present in Mecodelphys gen. nov. but absent in Unimeria gen. nov., and leg 5 is present in Mecodelphys gen. nov. but absent in Unimeria gen. nov.
description: Published as part of Kim, Il-Hoi & Boxshall, Geoff A., 2020, Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata), pp. 1-6 in Megataxa 4 (1) on page 572, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.4.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4591138
Soft Rescattering in DIS: Effects of Helicity Flip
Creators: name: Hoyer, Paul
name: Jarvinen, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft rescattering in hard QCD processes may involve non-perturbative, chiral symmetry breaking interactions. We find that rescattering which changes the helicity of the struck quark gives rise to a leading twist single spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive DIS, the angular dependence of which is the same as that usually ascribed to the Collins effect. We argue that helicity-changing rescattering can contribute also to $k_\perp$-integrated parton distributions.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. v2: reference added
Campopera Schellenberg 1922
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Hoi
name: Boxshall, Geoff A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Copepoda
Cyclopoida
Notodelphyidae
Campopera

description: Genus Campopera Schellenberg, 1922
Diagnosis.Bodycaterpillar-like;withprosomecylindrical, unsegmented or divided only by constrictions between somites. Urosome narrower than prosome, 4-segmented, consistingof genital complex (fused fifth pedigerous somite and genital double-somite) and 3-segmented abdomen. Caudal rami small; caudal setae obscure or absent. Rostrum well-developed. Antennule broad, 1- or 2-segmented. Antenna 4-segmented, consistingof coxa, basis, and 2-segmented endopod bearing terminal claw. Mandible consistingof coxa and palp; coxa with broad gnathobase bearing teeth on medial margin; palp biramous with 1 setaon basis, 5 setae on exopod; endopod free or fused with basis. Maxillule with 8 or 9 setae on arthrite, 1 on coxal endite, 2 on epipodite; exopod and endopod not articulated from basis, armed with 4 setae each on exopod and on basis-endopod complex. Maxilla 3-segmented, consistingof syncoxa, basis, and unsegmented endopod; syncoxa with 2 or 3 endites; basis withlarge claw plus 1 or 2 setae; endopod atrophied, bearing 2 to 4 setae. Maxilliped lobate with several setae. Legs 1–4 biramous; protopods unsegmented or indistinctly 2-segmented; rami fused with or indistinctly articulated from protopod and unarmed or armed only with minute, papilliform setae. Leg 1 exopod 2-segmented; endopod of leg 1 and all rami of legs 2–4 unsegmented or only with traces of articulations. Leg 5 absent.
Type species. Campopera michaelseni Schellenberg, 1922 by original designation.
Remarks. Schellenberg (1922) described thetype species, C. michaelseni, as an associate of the ascidian Paramolgula gigantea (Cunningham, 1871) collected in the Falkland Islands. In the original description he provided figures of the habitus, rostrum, antennule, and leg 1. Two of the newspecies describedin the presentwork are immediately identifiable as belonging to Campopera, due to their characteristic caterpillar-like body form. The presence of a large claw on the basis of the maxilla, which Schellenberg (1992) mentioned as a diagnostic feature of the genus Campopera, is confirmed in two new species describedbelow.
description: Published as part of Kim, Il-Hoi & Boxshall, Geoff A., 2020, Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata), pp. 1-6 in Megataxa 4 (1) on pages 574-575, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.4.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4591138
Classification of large N superconformal gauge theories with a dense spectrum
Creators: name: Agarwal, Prarit
name: Lee, Ki-Hong
name: Song, Jaewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify the large $N$ limits of four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories with simple gauge groups that flow to superconformal fixed points. We restrict ourselves to the ones without a superpotential and with a fixed flavor symmetry. We find 35 classes in total, with 8 having a dense spectrum of chiral gauge-invariant operators. The central charges $a$ and $c$ for the dense theories grow linearly in $N$ in contrast to the $N^2$ growth for the theories with a sparse spectrum. The difference between the central charges $a-c$ can have both signs, and it does not vanish in the large $N$ limit for the dense theories. We find that there can be multiple bands separated by a gap, or a discrete spectrum above the band. We also find a criterion on the matter content for the fixed point theory to possess either a dense or sparse spectrum. We discover a few curious aspects regarding supersymmetric RG flows and $a$-maximization along the way. For all the theories with the dense spectrum, the AdS version of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (including the convex hull condition for the cases with multiple $U(1)$'s) holds for large enough $N$ even though they do not have weakly-coupled gravity duals.
description: 59 pages, 50 figures, v2: conformal windows and references added
On the Origin of Conceptual Difficulties of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is the matter of fact that quantum mechanics operates with notions that are not determined in the frame of the mechanics' formalism. Among them we can call the notion of "wave-particle" (that, however, does not appear in both classical and high energy physics), the probabilistic interpretation of the Schroedinger wave ψ-function and hence the probability amplitude and its phase, long-range action, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, the passage to the so-called operators of physical values, etc. Orthodox quantum mechanics was constructed as a physical theory developed in the phase space of the mentioned notions. That is why the formalism of quantum mechanics is aimed only at detailed calculations of the stationary states of the energy of the quantum system studied and is not able to describe a real path running by the system in the real space; instead, the formalism gives an averaged probabilistic prediction. Thus, if we are able to develop quantum mechanics in the real space, an option to clarify all the difficulties associated with the above notions would appear. Such a theory of quantum mechanics developed in the real space in fact has recently been constructed by the author. The theory started from deeper first principles, namely, from the consideration of the notion of a 4D space-time. So, the notion of fundamental particle, the principles of the motion of a particle and other characteristics have been made clear. The theory, rather a submicroscopic one, is characterized by short-range action that automatically means the introduction of a new kind of carriers, i.e. carriers of the quantum mechanical force. The existence of the carriers called "inertons" (because they carry inert properties of matter) has indeed been verified in a number of experiments.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures, 76 refs
Colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams for Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Melville, Graeme
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
name: Bailey, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ground-based and space-based eclipse measurements for the near-infrared ($JHK\!s$) bands and Spitzer 3.6 $μ$m and 4.5 $μ$m bands to construct colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams for hot Jupiters. We compare the results with previous observations of substellar objects and find that hot Jupiters, when corrected for their inflated radii, lie near the black body line and in the same region of the colour magnitude diagrams as brown dwarfs, including low gravity dwarfs that have been previously suggested as exoplanet analogs. We use theoretical emission spectra to investigate the effects of different metallicity, C/O ratios and temperatures on the IR colours. In general we find that while differences in C/O ratio and metallicity do correspond to different locations on these diagrams, the measurement errors are too large to use this method to put strong constraints on the composition of individual objects. However, as a class hot Jupiters cluster around the location expected for solar metallicity and C/O ratio.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS
North Carolina High School Dropout Rates: An Econometric Analysis
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Faulkner, Paula E.
name: Appiah-Danquah, Gloria
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Faulkner, Paula E.
name: Appiah-Danquah, Gloria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Dropouts
subject: Economy
subject: North Carolina.

description: Americans have been warned that U.S. dominance in the world’s economy is fading because of the country’s poor educational performance. North Carolina falls in the bottom 10 states for the percentage of students graduating. During the 2006-07 school year, over 22,000 students in grades 9-12 dropped out of school in North Carolina. Dropouts cost North Carolina millions of dollars each year. The cost includes at least $169 million annually in taxes and public spending. High levels of poverty and low income housing have long been viewed as a stimulus to the increase in the number of high school dropouts. To address this issue, educators, policy makers, community and business leaders are examining ways to reduce the number of dropouts in every county. This paper examines some of the economic and demographic factors that influence the number of dropouts in North Carolina High Schools. The number of dropouts by county was regressed on factors such as county gross tax revenue, per capita income, minority population, and poverty rate in a panel data setting. Results indicated that almost all factors strongly affect the number of dropouts. As expected, percent minority population and its associated high poverty rates positively affect dropout rates. However, a county with a larger tax revenue base is more likely to have more dropouts than a county with a smaller tax revenue base. This result is consistent with the current trend in North Carolina. The number of dropouts is higher in urban counties than rural school systems.
Physical limitations of phased array antennas
Creators: name: Ludvig-Osipov, Andrei
name: Hannula, Jari-Matti
name: Naccachian, Patricia
name: Jonsson, B. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the bounds on the Q-factor, a quantity inversely proportional to bandwidth, are derived and investigated for narrow-band phased array antennas. Arrays in free space and above a ground plane are considered. The Q-factor bound is determined by solving a minimization problem over the electric current density. The support of these current densities is on an element-enclosing region, and the bound holds for lossless antenna elements enclosed in this region. The Q-factor minimization problem is formulated as a quadratically constrained quadratic optimization problem that is solved either by a semi-definite relaxation or an eigenvalue-based method. We illustrate numerically how these bounds can be used to determine trade-off relations between the Q-factor and other design specifications: element form-factor, size, efficiency, scanning capabilities, and polarization purity.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
The National School Lunch Program: Background, Trends, and Issues
Creators: name: Ralston, Katherine L.
name: Newman, Constance
name: Clauson, Annette L.
name: Guthrie, Joanne F.
name: Buzby, Jean C.
name: Ralston, Katherine L.
name: Newman, Constance
name: Clauson, Annette L.
name: Guthrie, Joanne F.
name: Buzby, Jean C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: National School Lunch Program
subject: child nutrition
subject: obesity
subject: food assistance

description: The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is the Nation’s second largest food and nutrition assistance program. In 2006, it operated in over 101,000 public and nonprofit private schools and provided over 28 million low-cost or free lunches to children on a typical school day at a Federal cost of $8 billion for the year. This report provides background information on the NSLP, including historical trends and participant characteristics. It also addresses steps being taken to meet challenges facing administrators of the program, including tradeoffs between nutritional quality of foods served, costs, and participation, as well as between program access and program integrity.
Thermodynamic limit of the first-order phase transition in the Kuramoto model
Creators: name: Pazo, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Kuramoto model, a uniform distribution of the natural frequencies leads to a first-order (i.e., discontinuous) phase transition from incoherence to synchronization, at the critical coupling parameter $K_c$. We obtain the asymptotic dependence of the order parameter above criticality: $r-r_c \propto (K-K_c)^{2/3}$. For a finite population, we demonstrate that the population size $N$ may be included into a self-consistency equation relating $r$ and $K$ in the synchronized state. We analyze the convergence to the thermodynamic limit of two alternative schemes to set the natural frequencies. Other frequency distributions different from the uniform one are also considered.
description: 6 pages
Is Dietary Knowledge Enough? Hunger, Stress, and Other Roadblocks to Healthy Eating
Creators: name: Mancino, Lisa
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Mancino, Lisa
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: behavioral economics
subject: food consumption
subject: obesity
subject: fixed effects
subject: instrumental variables.

description: Poor diets and rising obesity rates among Americans have persisted despite increased awareness and publicity regarding the benefits of a healthy lifestyle. This analysis of consumer food choice developed a consumer demand model to illustrate how both long-term health objectives and immediate visceral influences—long intervals between meals and away-from-home eating—can affect individuals’ food choices. The model predicts that dietary knowledge will have less influence on food choices in the face of immediate visceral factors. The model predictions were tested using data from the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals and the companion Diet Health and Knowledge Survey. Longer intervals between meals and consumption of more food away from home both contribute to one’s consuming more calories and more calories from solid fats, alcohol, and added sugars. Longer intervals between meals are also associated with lower diet quality.
Public finance and investment out of the Japanese post office : a history of the postal savings system
Creators: name: Spooner, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The historical development of the Postal Savings System (PSS) can be viewed as serving two functions in the Japanese economy. First, the PSS has served as a savings regime for Japanese households since postal savings were established in 1875. The other function concerns the investment of postal funds collected by the network of post offices across Japan. In view of the relationship between the savings and investment functions, the political and economic implications of postal banking are highlighted by its institutional arrangements with public finance and investment. In the post-World War II period, Tanaka Kakuei seized the opportunity to safeguard and strengthen the affairs of the PSS. The realignment of political factions and consolidation of financial policy undertaken by Tanaka between the 1950s and 1980s brought to the forefront the compounding political and economic benefits and impending costs arising from postal banking in Japan. This characterized the political landscape of Japan for the next thirty years. Tanaka utilized the might of his political faction within the Liberal Democratic Party and a postal affairs interest group to effectively promote and safeguard the PSS and the Fiscal Investment Loan Program (FILP) budget. The innovations of Tanaka Kakuei are presented as the primary reasons for continued opposition to reform the Postal Savings System. The analytical framework presented in this paper is consistent with the historical development of the Japanese political economy.
Geometry dependence of the conductance oscillations of monovalent atomic chains
Creators: name: Major, Peter
name: Tichy, Geza
name: Cserti, Jozsef
name: Garcia-Suarez, Victor Manuel
name: Sirichantaropass, Skon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a tight binding model we calculate the conductance of monovalent atomic chains for different contact geometries. The leads connected to the chains are modelled as semi-infinite fcc lattices with different orientations and couplings. Our aim is twofold: To check the validity of a three-parametric conductance formula for differently oriented leads, and to investigate the geometry dependence of the conductance oscillations. We show that the character of these oscillations depends strongly on the geometry of the chain-lead coupling.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Theoretical Insights into C$-$H Bond Activation of Methane by Transition Metal Clusters: The Role of Anharmonic Effects
Creators: name: Bhumla, Preeti
name: Kumar, Manish
name: Bhattacharya, Saswata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aiming towards materials design for methane activation, we study temperature ($T$), pressure ($p$) dependence of the composition, structure, and stability of metal oxide clusters in a reactive atmosphere using a prototypical model catalyst having wide applications: free transition metal (Ni) clusters in a combined oxygen and methane atmosphere. A robust methodological approach is employed, to show that the conventional harmonic approximation miserably fails for this class of materials and capturing anharmonic effects to the vibration free energy contribution is indispensable. To incorporate the anharmonicity in the vibrational free energy, we evaluate the excess free energy of the clusters numerically by thermodynamic integration method with hybrid density functional theory and {\em ab initio} molecular dynamics simulation inputs. We find that the anharmonic effect has a significant impact in detecting the activation of C$-$H bond, whereas the harmonic infrared spectrum completely fails due to the wrong prediction of the vibrational modes.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
"One country, two networks" : China and the internet, a threat or opportunity to sovereignty?
Creators: name: Rausenberg, Esther
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether there is a direct correlation between state sovereignty and the Internet and whether the Internet, which includes commercial initiatives will weaken state sovereignty in China. Through an analysis of the influences of state sovereignty such as globalisation, nationalism, power and territory, the first chapter contends that these factors are contributing to strengthening state sovereignty. In fact, the shape of state sovereignty may be retrenching to familiar territory and not eroding, as some contend. This notion is further reinforced through the examination of information communication technologies and the unique characteristics attributed to the Internet. It is further supported in the analysis of Singapore and Malaysia, two countries that have successfully balanced state control with the development of the Internet and e-commerce initiatives. The conclusion restates the main aspects that impact on nationstate sovereignty. It posits that various information communication technologies can actually serve to fortify state authoritarian control.
Geometrical structure effect on localization length of carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Ran, W Q
name: Chang, J
name: Lu, H T
name: Su, Y H
name: Luo, H G
name: Xiang, T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The localization length and density of states of carbon nanotubes are evaluated within the tight-binding approximation. By comparison with the corresponding results for the square lattice tubes, it is found that the hexagonal structure affects strongly the behaviors of the density of states and localization lengths of carbon nanotubes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, revised version to appear in Chin. Phys. Lett. The title is changed. Some arguments are added
Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillators due to Common Delay Time Modulation
Creators: name: Kye, Won-Ho
name: Choi, Muhan
name: Kurdoglyan, M. S.
name: Kim, Chil-Min
name: Park, Young-Jai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found a synchronization behavior between two identical chaotic systems^M when their delay times are modulated by a common irregular signal. ^M This phenomenon is demonstrated both in two identical chaotic maps whose delay times are driven by a common^M chaotic or random signal and in two identical chaotic oscillators whose delay times are driven by^M a signal of another chaotic oscillator. We analyze the phenomenon by using^M the Lyapunov exponents and discuss it in relation with generalized synchronization.^M
description: 5 pages, 4 figures (to be published in PRE)