cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Dropout-resilient Aggregation for Privacy-preserving Machine Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Ziyao
name: Guo, Jiale
name: Lam, Kwok-Yan
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increasing adoption of data-hungry machine learning algorithms, personal data privacy has emerged as one of the key concerns that could hinder the success of digital transformation. As such, Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML) has received much attention from both academia and industry. However, organizations are faced with the dilemma that, on the one hand, they are encouraged to share data to enhance ML performance, but on the other hand, they could potentially be breaching the relevant data privacy regulations. Practical PPML typically allows multiple participants to individually train their ML models, which are then aggregated to construct a global model in a privacy-preserving manner, e.g., based on multi-party computation or homomorphic encryption. Nevertheless, in most important applications of large-scale PPML, e.g., by aggregating clients' gradients to update a global model for federated learning, such as consumer behavior modeling of mobile application services, some participants are inevitably resource-constrained mobile devices, which may drop out of the PPML system due to their mobility nature. Therefore, the resilience of privacy-preserving aggregation has become an important problem to be tackled. In this paper, we propose a scalable privacy-preserving aggregation scheme that can tolerate dropout by participants at any time, and is secure against both semi-honest and active malicious adversaries by setting proper system parameters. By replacing communication-intensive building blocks with a seed homomorphic pseudo-random generator, and relying on the additive homomorphic property of Shamir secret sharing scheme, our scheme outperforms state-of-the-art schemes by up to 6.37$\times$ in runtime and provides a stronger dropout-resilience. The simplicity of our scheme makes it attractive both for implementation and for further improvements.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Gender-specific outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer : a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Schneidewind, Laila
name: Kiss, Bernhard
name: Zengerling, Friedemann H.
name: Borkowetz, Angelika Sabina Maria
name: Graf, Sebastian
name: Kranz, Jennifer
name: Dräger, Désirée Louisê
name: Graser, Annabel
name: Bellut, Laura Claudia
name: Uhlig, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Purpose: To analyze gender-specific differences in survival parameters in advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibition. Methods: The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate gender-specific differences in disease-free (DFS), progression-free (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR). The sources MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library were systematically searched from January 2010 to June 2022. No restrictions were made concerning language, study region or publication type. A comparison of gender-specific differences in survival parameters was performed using a random-effects meta-analysis. A risk of bias assessment was done using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: Five studies were included. In a random-effect meta-analysis of the studies, PCD4989g and IMvigor 211 with both using atezolizumab, females were more likely to have better objective response rate (ORR) than men (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.20–4.16; p = 0.0110). In addition, females had a comparable median OS to men (MD 1.16; 95% CI − 3.15–5.46; p = 0.598). In summary, comparing all results, a tendency was seen toward better response rates and survival parameters in female patients. The risk of bias assessment yielded an overall low risk of bias. Conclusions: There is a tendency toward better outcomes in women for immunotherapy in advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, but only for the antibody atezolizumab women have a significantly better ORR. Unfortunately, many studies fail to report gender-specific outcomes. Therefore, further research is essential when aiming for individualized medicine. This research should address immunological confounders.
Higher-order interactions promote chimera states
Creators: name: Kundu, Srilena
name: Ghosh, Dibakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of chimera states, the presence of a nonzero phase lag parameter turns out to be an essential attribute for the emergence of chimeras in a nonlocally coupled identical Kuramoto phase oscillators' network with pairwise interactions. In this letter, we report the emergence of chimeras without phase lag in nonlocally coupled identical Kuramoto network owing to the introduction of non-pairwise interactions. The influence of added nonlinearity in the coupled system dynamics in the form of simplicial complexes mitigates the requisite of a nonzero phase lag parameter for the emergence of chimera states. Chimera states stimulated by the reciprocity of the pairwise and non-pairwise interaction strengths and their multistable nature are characterized with appropriate measures and are demonstrated in the parameter spaces.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E (Letters), 2022
U.S. Hired Farm Workforce Is Aging
Creators: name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Hertz, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: foreign
subject: farm laborers
subject: workforce
subject: aging

description: In 2017, roughly 2 million people spent all or part of their year as agricultural wage and salary workers. Over the past decade, the average age of hired farm laborers has risen steadily, from age 35.8 years in 2006 to 38.8 years in 2017. This increase has been entirely driven by the aging of foreign-born farm laborers, who comprised between 54 and 58 percent of the workforce over this period. Their average age rose from 35.7 in 2006 to 41.6 in 2017. In contrast, the average age of farm laborers born in the United States has remained roughly constant.
An individual differences perspective on pragmatic abilities in the preschool years
Creators: name: Bohn, Manuel
name: Tessler, Michael Henry
name: Kordt, Clara
name: Hausmann, Tom
name: Frank, Michael C.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 150

description: Pragmaticabilitiesarefundamentaltosuccessfullanguageuseandlearning.Individualdifferencesstudiescontributetounderstandingthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinpragmaticreasoning.Smallsamplesizes,insufficientmeasurementtools,andalackof theoretical precision have hindered progress, however. Three studies addressedthese challenges in three- to 5-year-old German-speaking children (N=228, 121female).Studies1and2assessedthepsychometricpropertiesofsixpragmaticstasks.Study3investigatedrelationsamongpragmaticstasksandbetweenpragmaticsandothercognitiveabilities.Thetaskswerefoundtomeasurestablevariationbetweenindividuals.Viaacomputationalcognitivemodel,individualdifferencesweretracedbacktoalatentpragmaticsconstruct.Thispresentsthebasisforunderstandingtherelationsbetweenpragmaticsandothercognitiveabilities.
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with early breast cancer : update 2023
Creators: name: Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won
name: Thomssen, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 618

description: Background: Each year the interdisciplinary Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO), German Gynecological Oncology Group Breast Committee on Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer provides updated state-of-the-art recommendations for early and metastatic breast cancer. Summary: The updated evidence-based treatment recommendation for early and metastatic breast cancer has been released in March 2023. Key Messages: This paper concisely captures the updated recommendations for early breast cancer chapter by chapter.
Evidence of fully-gapped superconductivity in NbReSi: A combined $μ$SR and NMR study
Creators: name: Shang, T.
name: Tay, D.
name: Su, H.
name: Yuan, H. Q.
name: Shiroka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive study of the noncentrosymmetric NbReSi superconductor by means of muon-spin rotation and relaxation ($μ$SR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. NbReSi is a bulk superconductor with $T_c = 6.5$ K, characterized by a large upper critical field, which exceeds the Pauli limit. Both the superfluid density $ρ_\mathrm{sc}(T)$ (determined via transverse-field $μ$SR) and the spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}(T)$ (determined via NMR) suggest a nodeless superconductivity (SC) in NbReSi. We also find signatures of multigap SC, here evidenced by the field-dependent muon-spin relaxation rate and the electronic specific-heat coefficient. The absence of spontaneous magnetic fields below $T_c$, as evinced from zero-field $μ$SR measurements, indicates a preserved time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state of NbReSi. Finally, we discuss possible reasons for the unusually large upper critical field of NbReSi, most likely arising from its anisotropic crystal structure.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Factors determining the distribution of Erica patches on the Sanetti Plateau, Bale Mountains, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mekonnen, Betelhem
name: Glaser, Bruno
name: Zech, Michael
name: Bromm, Tobias
name: Nemmomisa, Sileshi
name: Bekele, Tamrat
name: Zech, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: In the Bale Mountains, the ericaceous belt ranges between 3200 and 3800 m asl. Studies indicate an expansion on the Sanetti Plateau at the end of the Late Glacial and during the early Holocene. Currently, only patches of Erica growing between boulders are found on the Plateau, while most of the landscape above 3800 m asl is covered by afro-alpine plants. Driving factors for Erica patches above the upper ericaceous ecotone is a matter of debate. This study evaluates site variables and biogeochemical properties of soils under Erica patches and nearby Erica-free control to understand the environmental conditions responsible for the patchy occurrence of Erica on the Sanetti Plateau. Except for the boulder richness, Erica and control plots have comparable topography, soil texture, and electrical conductivity. However, soils below Erica patches have higher total organic carbon, nitrogen, carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and black carbon contents than the control plots indicating fresh organic matter input and availability of combustible fuel. This implies that Erica did not fully cover the control plots in former times. Carbon and nitrogen stocks were slightly higher in control plots due to the lower stone contents of the profiles. In addition, soils of the Erica plots showed more positive δ13C values than the control soils, possibly attributed to water stress. In general, the relief and soil conditions of control plots may support the growth of Erica. However, Erica growing between boulders seems to benefit from the favorable microclimate and physical protection against grazing and fire.
Prioritize grassland restoration to bend the curve of biodiversity loss
Creators: name: Staude, Ingmar René
name: Segar, Josiane
name: Temperton, Vicky M.
name: Andrade, Bianca O.
name: Dechoum, Michele
name: Weidlich, Emanuela W. A.
name: Overbeck, Gerhard E.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 580

description: In times of unprecedented climate change, ecological restoration efforts have a strong focus on forests for the purpose of carbonsequestration. Grasslands, in contrast, remain relatively neglected in global restoration policies. Concurrently, we are in themidst of a biodiversity crisis—it is estimated that 1 million species are globally threatened with extinction. Here, we present ana-lyses from central Europe and southern Brazil that show that the majority of our endangered plant species are in fact found inopen ecosystems. Using Germany as an example, we show that we could reduce plant extinction risk by up to 82% if we restoreopen, grassy ecosystems. This also holds true for southern Brazil, where grassland species constitute the single largest share ofendangered species, but where grassy ecosystems continue to be systematically neglected by restoration policies. We furtherexpand on our biodiversity argument to include the role that grassland restoration can play in mitigating climate change.We posit that ramping up grassland restoration efforts may not only be our best bet to bend the curve of biodiversity loss,but it will also make a critical contribution to the resilience of ecosystems in the dynamic decades to come. It is time for grass-land restoration to receive higher priority in global restoration efforts and policy.
Efficacy of a cultural adaptation of the Identity Project intervention among adolescents attending multiethnic classrooms in Italy : a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Ceccon, Chiara
name: Schachner, Maja
name: Lionetti, Francesca
name: Pastore, Massimiliano
name: Umaña-Taylor, Adriana J.
name: Moscardino, Ughetta
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300

description: This registered report evaluated the efficacy of an Italian adaptation of the Identity Project, a school-based intervention promoting adolescents' cultural identity. Migration background and environmental sensitivity were explored as moderators. After adapting and piloting the intervention, a randomized controlled trial was conducted between October 2021 and January 2022 on 747 ethnically diverse adolescents (Mage= 15 years, 53% girls, 31% with migration background) attending 45 classrooms randomly assigned to the intervention or control condition. Bayesian analyses confirmed the efficacy of the Italian IP in enhancing exploration processes (Cohen's d= .18), whereas no cascading effect on resolution emerged. Youth with higher (vs. lower) levels of environmental sensitivity benefited more in terms of exploration. Implications for developmental theory and practice are discussed.
Cumulative 10-year performance of endodontically treated teeth with prosthetic restorations of base metal alloy double crowns with friction pins : a retrospective study
Creators: name: Hinz, Sebastian
name: Bömicke, Wolfgang
name: Bensel, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Objectives: This 120-month follow-up study aimed to investigate the complication rate of abutment teeth after endodontic pretreatment with base metal alloy double crowns with friction pins. Materials and methods: A total of 158 participants (n = 71, 44.9% women) aged 62.5 ± 12.7 years with 182 prostheses on 520 abutment teeth (n = 459, 88.3% vital) were retrospectively analyzed between 2006 and 2022. Of the endodontically treated abutment teeth, 6.9% (n = 36) were additionally treated with post and core reconstructions. Cumulative complication rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator and log-rank test. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed. Results: The cumulative complication rate at 120 months for the entire set of abutment teeth was 39.6% (confidence interval [CI]: 33.0–46.2). Endodontically treated abutment teeth (33.8%; CI: 19.6–48.0) were found to have a significantly higher cumulative fracture rate than vital teeth (19.9%; CI: 13.9–25.9, p < 0.001). Endodontically treated teeth restored with post and core reconstructions (30.4%; CI: 13.2–47.6) showed a nonsignificant lower cumulative fracture rate than that of teeth with root fillings only (41.6%; CI: 16.4–66.8, p = 0.463). Conclusions: Higher 120-month cumulative fracture rates were observed in endodontically treated teeth. Comparable performance was observed in teeth with post and core reconstructions compared to teeth with root fillings only. Clinical relevance: If endodontically treated teeth are used as abutments for double crowns, the risk of complications from these teeth should be considered when planning treatment and communicating with the patient.
"It would taste better with sugar" : navigating deprivation and confidence in everyday life on a tea plantation in Assam
Creators: name: Wolf, Anna-Lena
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 306

description: This story focuses on an ordinary working day on a tea plantation in Assam from the perspective of Jiya—a tea plucker on Dolani Tea Estate. It illustrates how Jiya navigates fundamental deprivations in her everyday life structured by the company's relentless siren without losing track of the scope for confident action. The photos, the plantation, the protagonist, and the incidents described in the story are based on real places, persons, and observations I encountered during thirteen months of fieldwork on Assam tea plantations between 2014 and 2017. However, the compilation of multiple observations into one day is a work of fiction. All names of persons and places in the story are pseudonyms. Quotations in the text are my own translations from Hindi into English.
Persistent symptoms and risk factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free after SARS-CoV-2 infection : an analysis of the baseline examination of the German COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP cohort
Creators: name: Shi, Yanyan
name: Strobl, Ralf Andreas
name: Apfelbacher, Christian
name: Bahmer, Thomas
name: Geisler, Ramsia
name: Heuschmann, Peter
name: Horn, Anna
name: Hoven, Hanno
name: Keil, Thomas
name: Krawczak, Michael
name: Krist, Lilian
name: Lemhöfer, Christina
name: Lieb, Wolfgang
name: Lorenz-Depiereux, Bettina
name: Mikolajczyk, Rafael
name: Montellano, Felipe Andrés
name: Reese, Jens-Peter
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Skoetz, Nicole
name: Störk, Stefan
name: Vehreschild, Jörg Janne
name: Witzenrath, Martin
name: Grill, Eva
name: Günther, Ulf
name: Petersmann, Astrid
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Purpose: We aimed to assess symptoms in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free. Methods: COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP is a population-based prospective cohort of adults whose first on-site visits were scheduled ≥ 6 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Retrospective data including self-reported symptoms and time to symptom-free were collected during the survey before a site visit. In the survival analyses, being symptom-free served as the event and time to be symptom-free as the time variable. Data were visualized with Kaplan–Meier curves, differences were tested with log-rank tests. A stratified Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of predictors, with aHR < 1 indicating a longer time to symptom-free. Results: Of 1175 symptomatic participants included in the present analysis, 636 (54.1%) reported persistent symptoms after 280 days (SD 68) post infection. 25% of participants were free from symptoms after 18 days [quartiles: 14, 21]. Factors associated with prolonged time to symptom-free were age 49–59 years compared to < 49 years (aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.87), female sex (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.93), lower educational level (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64–0.93), living with a partner (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66–0.99), low resilience (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.47–0.90), steroid treatment (aHR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.90) and no medication (aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.89) during acute infection. Conclusion: In the studied population, COVID-19 symptoms had resolved in one-quarter of participants within 18 days, and in 34.5% within 28 days. Over half of the participants reported COVID-19-related symptoms 9 months after infection. Symptom persistence was predominantly determined by participant’s characteristics that are difficult to modify.
Per-clip and per-bitrate adaptation of the Lagrangian multiplier in video coding
Creators: name: Ringis, Daniel J.
name: Pitié, François
name: Kokaram, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the past ten years there have been significant developments in optimization of transcoding parameters on a per-clip rather than per-genre basis. In our recent work we have presented per-clip optimization for the Lagrangian multiplier in Rate controlled compression, which yielded BD-Rate improvements of approximately 2\% across a corpus of videos using HEVC. However, in a video streaming application, the focus is on optimizing the rate/distortion tradeoff at a particular bitrate and not on average across a range of performance. We observed in previous work that a particular multiplier might give BD rate improvements over a certain range of bitrates, but not the entire range. Using different parameters across the range would improve gains overall. Therefore here we present a framework for choosing the best Lagrangian multiplier on a per-operating point basis across a range of bitrates. In effect, we are trying to find the para-optimal gain across bitrate and distortion for a single clip. In the experiments presented we employ direct optimization techniques to estimate this Lagrangian parameter path approximately 2,000 video clips. The clips are primarily from the YouTube-UGC dataset. We optimize both for bitrate savings as well as distortion metrics (PSNR, SSIM).
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2204.09056, arXiv:2204.08966
Autoantigen-selected B cells are bystanders in spontaneous T cell-driven experimental autoimmune hepatitis
Creators: name: Lübbering, David
name: Preti, Max
name: Schlott, Lena
name: Schultheiß, Christoph
name: Weidemann, Sören
name: Lohse, Ansgar W.
name: Binder, Mascha
name: Carambia, Antonella
name: Herkel, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Autoreactive B cells are considered pathogenic drivers in many autoimmune dis-eases; however, it is not clear whether autoimmune B cells are invariably patho-genic or whether they can also arise as bystanders of T cell-driven autoimmunepathology. Here, we studied the B cell response in an autoantigen- and CD4+Tcell-driven model of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), the Alb-iGP_Smarta mouse inwhich expression of a viral model antigen (GP) in hepatocytes and its recognitionby GP-specific CD4+T cells causes spontaneous AIH-like disease. T cell-drivenAIH in Alb-iGP_Smarta mice was marked by autoantibodies and hepatic infiltra-tion of plasma cells and B cells, particularly of isotype-switched memory B cells,indicating antigen-driven selection and activation. Immunosequencing of B cellreceptor repertoires confirmed B cell expansion selectively in the liver, which wasmost likely driven by the hepatic GP model antigen, as indicated by branched net-works of connected sequences and elevated levels of IgG antibodies toGP. However, intrahepatic B cells did not produce increased levels of cytokinesand their depletion with anti-CD20 antibody did not alter the CD4+T cellresponse in Alb-iGP_Smarta mice. Moreover, B cell depletion did not preventspontaneous liver inflammation and AIH-like disease in Alb-iGP_Smarta mice. Inconclusion, selection and isotype-switch of liver-infiltrating B cells was dependenton the presence of CD4+T cells recognizing liver antigen. However, recognitionof hepatic antigen by CD4+T cells and CD4+T cell-mediated hepatitis was notdependent on B cells. Thus, autoreactive B cells can be bystanders and need notbe drivers of liver inflammation in AIH.
Near Optimal Per-Clip Lagrangian Multiplier Prediction in HEVC
Creators: name: Ringis, Daniel J
name: Pitié, François
name: Kokaram, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The majority of internet traffic is video content. This drives the demand for video compression to deliver high quality video at low target bitrates. Optimising the parameters of a video codec for a specific video clip (per-clip optimisation) has been shown to yield significant bitrate savings. In previous work we have shown that per-clip optimisation of the Lagrangian multiplier leads to up to 24% BD-Rate improvement. A key component of these algorithms is modeling the R-D characteristic across the appropriate bitrate range. This is computationally heavy as it usually involves repeated video encodes of the high resolution material at different parameter settings. This work focuses on reducing this computational load by deploying a NN operating on lower bandwidth features. Our system achieves BD-Rate improvement in approximately 90% of a large corpus with comparable results to previous work in direct optimisation.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv: 2204.09055, arXiv:2204.08966
Subsidies versus economics, finances and income of farms (3)
Creators: name: Soliwoda, Michał
name: Kulawik, Jacek
name: Wąs, Adam
name: Gorzelak, Aleksander
name: Płonka, Renata
name: Osuch, Dariusz
name: Soliwoda, Michał (Ed.)
name: Soliwoda, Michał
name: Kulawik, Jacek
name: Wąs, Adam
name: Gorzelak, Aleksander
name: Płonka, Renata
name: Osuch, Dariusz
name: Soliwoda, Michał (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: agricultural development
subject: agriculture
subject: CAP
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: economic situation
subject: economics
subject: farmer
subject: farms
subject: finance
subject: financial situation
subject: investment behaviour
subject: operational risk
subject: production
subject: strategic risk
subject: subsidies

description: Chapters: Subsidies for the agricultural development – theoretical approach and practice of the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Review of the methodological approaches and empirical studies on investment behaviour of farmers and assessment of subsidies for agricultural development at the micro level. Use of subsidies for agricultural development and their impact on the economic and financial situation of farms. Increase of the production in the farms and its impact on the level of the operational and strategic risk. Subsidies and finance and economics of farms managed by natural persons.
THERMOSS project "BUILDING AND DISTRICT Thermal Retrofit and Management Solutions"
Creators: name: Topolcanova, Petra
name: Fuligni, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: District heating and cooling
Energy Efficiency

description: THERMOSS is an on-going research project which began in September 2016 and is funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 programme. The project gathers 15 partners from 8 different European countries, coordinated by Exergy.
 The main goals of the project are to produce an outstanding contribution to the EU-wide deployment of advanced technologies for heating and cooling, enhance the energy efficiency of residential buildings and facilitate their connection to district heating and cooling networks. This publication was presented in European Energy innovation magazine in December 2018.
Holocene landscape evolution, palaeoclimate and human impact in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria : interrogating biomarkers, stable isotopes, macrofossils and palynological indicators from a subalpine mire archive
Creators: name: Lerch, Marcel
name: Stutzriemer, Marika
name: Bliedtner, Marcel
name: Bromm, Tobias
name: Sehrt, Melissa
name: Feistmantl, Nina
name: Dietre, Benjamin
name: Kofler, Werner
name: Boysen, Morena
name: Salazar, Gary
name: Szidat, Sönke
name: Geitner, Clemens
name: Haas, Jean Nicolas
name: Schäfer, Dieter
name: Glaser, Bruno
name: Zech, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 554

description: Peatlands are receiving increasing attention in palaeoenvironmental research and represent very useful terrestrial archives for reconstructing vegetation, climate and human history. Previous palaeoenvironmental studies in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria, focused on geoarchaeological investigations on the Ullafelsen representing a very important prehistorical encampment site used by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (10.9–9.5 cal. kyr BP). In order to contribute to a better understanding of the landscape evolution of the Fotsch Valley, we here studied the close-by subalpine ‘Potsdamer Hütte Mire’ by applying radiocarbon dating as well as elemental, biomarker, compound-specific stable isotope, palynological and macrofossil analyses on bulk peat samples. The calculated age-depth model using R Bacon indicates the beginning of peat formation during the Early Holocene and shows a strongly reduced peat accumulation rate (PAR) from 170 to 121 cm depth (8.5–2.1 cal. kyr BP) and/or a striking hiatus. Results of leaf wax-derived n-alkane biomarkers as well as macrofossils and palynological indicators reflect the local presence of coniferous trees and the synchronous expansion of deciduous trees during the Early Holocene. The above-mentioned strongly reduced PAR and/or hiatus coincides with the Neolithic, the Bronze and the Iron Age, and goes hand in hand with strong changes in vegetation and an increase of micro-charcoal and black carbon. Despite age uncertainties, these changes can be explained with strongly increasing human and livestock activities in form of deforestation, domestic fires and the beginning of Alpine pastoralism. The latter is confirmed by the finding of pasture and cultural indicator pollen (Cerealia-type, Rumex, Plantago lanceolata, Poaceae) occurring since the Middle to Late Bronze Age. The oxygen isotope composition of sugar biomarkers (δ18Osugars) likely reflects the dry versus humid climatic variability associated with the Holocene climatic optimum during the Mesolithic, the Roman Age, the Late Antique Little Ice Age, the Middle Ages and the Little Ice Age.
Antiferromagnetic structure and magnetic properties of Dy2O2Te: An isostructural analog of the rare-earth superconductors R2O2Bi
Creators: name: Liu, Juanjuan
name: Huang, Jiale
name: Sheng, Jieming
name: Wang, Jinchen
name: Pan, Feihao
name: Zhang, Hongxia
name: Xu, Daye
name: Qin, Jianfei
name: Hao, Lijie
name: Xia, Yuanhua
name: Li, Hao
name: Tong, Xin
name: Wu, Liusuo
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Bao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare-earth compounds R2O2Bi (R=Tb, Dy, Er, Lu, Y) are newly discovered superconductors in the vicinity of a rare-earth magnetic long-range order. In this work, we determine the magnetic order of the parent compound Dy2O2Te by neutron scattering as the A-type antiferromagnetic structure below the Néel temperature TN=9.7K. The large staggered magnetic moment 9.4(1) μB per Dy at T=3.5K lies in the basal ab plane. In a magnetic field, anomalous magnetic properties including the bifurcation between zero-field- and field-cooling magnetization, a butterfly-shaped magnetic hysteresis, and slow magnetic relaxation emerge, which are related to the field-induced metamagnetic transitions in Dy2O2Te. Our experimental findings could stimulate further research on the relation between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in these rare-earth compounds.
Improved techniques for training tabular GANs using Cramer's V statistics
Creators: name: Mendikowski, Melle
name: Schindler, Benjamin
name: Schmid, Thomas
name: Möller, Ralf
name: Hartwig, Mattis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Considering the growing global demand for machine learning training data, synthetic data generation is a reasonable way to address the versatile challenges in data acquisition. Conditional Tabular Generative Adversarial Network (CTGAN), an extension of the widely used Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), is considered one of the most promising techniques in the field of tabular data generation. Despite numerous successes of CTGAN, a lack of preserving categorical dependencies within the data has been identified. In prior work, the Cramer’s V (CV) as a natural metric for representing the correlation of categorical dependencies was proposed for hyperparameter tuning of CTGAN models. In this paper, we explore two novel strategies to directly integrate CV statistics of data batches within CTGAN training. The first approach is a generator loss term that penalizes differences between the CV statistics of the original and generated data. The second innovation is the extraction of the CV matrix as an additional feature for the critic. By applying our proposed methods to three benchmark datasets, we improve the averaged accuracy of supervised learning models trained on synthesized data by 11 % compared to the legacy CTGAN. We also outline the impact of CV statistics on preserving dependencies between categorical data columns in terms of integrity and contingency similarity, discuss existing challenges, and identify potential improvements.
Image Restoration in Non-Linear Filtering Domain using MDB approach
Creators: name: Satpathy, S. K.
name: Panda, S.
name: Nagwanshi, K. K.
name: Ardil, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4
subject: I.5

description: This paper proposes a new technique based on a non-linear Minmax Detector Based (MDB) filter for image restoration. The aim of image enhancement is to reconstruct the true image from the corrupted image. The process of image acquisition frequently leads to degradation and the quality of the digitized image becomes inferior to the original image. Image degradation can be due to the addition of different types of noise in the original image. Image noise can be modelled of many types and impulse noise is one of them. Impulse noise generates pixels with gray value not consistent with their local neighbourhood. It appears as a sprinkle of both light and dark or only light spots in the image. Filtering is a technique for enhancing the image. Linear filter is the filtering in which the value of an output pixel is a linear combination of neighborhood values, which can produce blur in the image. Thus a variety of smoothing techniques have been developed that are non linear. Median filter is the one of the most popular non-linear filter. When considering a small neighborhood it is highly efficient but for large window and in case of high noise it gives rise to more blurring to image. The Centre Weighted Mean (CWM) filter has got a better average performance over the median filter. However the original pixel corrupted and noise reduction is substantial under high noise condition. Hence this technique has also blurring affect on the image. To illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach, the proposed new scheme has been simulated along with the standard ones and various restored performance measures have been compared.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1003.1803 by other authors without attribution
On the interplay of curiosity, confidence, and importance in knowing information
Creators: name: Spitzer, Markus Wolfgang Hermann
name: Janz, Janina
name: Nie, Maohua
name: Kiesel, Andrea
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 150

description: Curiosity appears to be the driving force for humans to find new information, but despite its general relevance, only a few studies investigated the underlying mechanisms of curiosity. Kang et al. (Psychol Sci 20(8):963–973, 2009) and Dubey and Griffiths (Psychol Rev 127(3):455–476, 2020) reported a relation between curiosity and confidence such that curiosity follows an inverted U-shaped function of confidence, with the highest curiosity on moderate confidence levels of knowing information. Given that replications of findings on curiosity are rare, this study sought to replicate these previous findings in two experiments, with the same stimulus material (Experiment 1) and new stimulus material using COVID-19-related information (Experiment 2). Based on theoretical predictions by Dubey and Griffiths (2020), we extended previous findings assessing the effect of the importance of information for the participant on the relationship between curiosity and confidence. Our findings replicated previous results in both experiments with the highest curiosity regarding information about which participants were moderately confident in knowing. Our extended analyses suggest that if information can be considered as important, then people are most curious about information when having very low-to-moderate confidence in knowing this information. However, if information is rated as rather not important, then curiosity is highest for information with moderate confidence in knowing the information. Together, these results emphasize the modulatory effect of perceived importance on the interplay between curiosity and confidence in knowing information.
Adaptive Non-linear Filtering Technique for Image Restoration
Creators: name: Satpathy, S. K.
name: Panda, S.
name: Nagwanshi, K. K.
name: Nayak, S. K.
name: Ardil, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4
subject: I.6

description: Removing noise from the any processed images is very important. Noise should be removed in such a way that important information of image should be preserved. A decisionbased nonlinear algorithm for elimination of band lines, drop lines, mark, band lost and impulses in images is presented in this paper. The algorithm performs two simultaneous operations, namely, detection of corrupted pixels and evaluation of new pixels for replacing the corrupted pixels. Removal of these artifacts is achieved without damaging edges and details. However, the restricted window size renders median operation less effective whenever noise is excessive in that case the proposed algorithm automatically switches to mean filtering. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed in terms of Mean Square Error [MSE], Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio [PSNR], Signal-to-Noise Ratio Improved [SNRI], Percentage Of Noise Attenuated [PONA], and Percentage Of Spoiled Pixels [POSP]. This is compared with standard algorithms already in use and improved performance of the proposed algorithm is presented. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that a single algorithm can replace several independent algorithms which are required for removal of different artifacts.
description: Accepted. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1003.1827 by other authors
Multilayered regulation of developmentally programmed pre-anthesis tip degeneration of the barley inflorescence
Creators: name: Shanmugaraj, Nandhakumar
name: Rajaraman, Jeyaraman
name: Kale, Sandip
name: Kamal, Roop
name: Huang, Yongyu
name: Thirulogachandar, Venkatasubbu
name: Garibay-Hernández, Adriana
name: Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni
name: Tandron Moya, Yudelsy Antonia
name: Hajirezaei, Mohammed R.
name: Rutten, Twan
name: Hensel, Götz
name: Melzer, Michael
name: Kumlehn, Jochen
name: Wirén, Nicolaus
name: Mock, Hans-Peter
name: Schnurbusch, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Leaf and floral tissue degeneration is a common feature in plants. In cereal crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), pre-anthesis tip degeneration (PTD) starts with growth arrest of the inflorescence meristem dome, which is followed basipetally by the degeneration of floral primordia and the central axis. Due to its quantitative nature and environmental sensitivity, inflorescence PTD constitutes a complex, multilayered trait affecting final grain number. This trait appears to be highly predictable and heritable under standardized growth conditions, consistent with a developmentally programmed mechanism. To elucidate the molecular underpinnings of inflorescence PTD, we combined metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic approaches to show that barley inflorescence PTD is accompanied by sugar depletion, amino acid degradation, and abscisic acid responses involving transcriptional regulators of senescence, defense, and light signaling. Based on transcriptome analyses, we identified GRASSY TILLERS1 (HvGT1), encoding an HD-ZIP transcription factor, as an important modulator of inflorescence PTD. A gene-edited knockout mutant of HvGT1 delayed PTD and increased differentiated apical spikelets and final spikelet number, suggesting a possible strategy to increase grain number in cereals. We propose a molecular framework that leads to barley PTD, the manipulation of which may increase yield potential in barley and other related cereals.
Tunable and giant valley-selective Hall effect in gapped bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Yin, Jianbo
name: Tan, Cheng
name: Barcons-Ruiz, David
name: Torre, Iacopo
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Song, Justin C. W.
name: Hone, James
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Berry curvature is analogous to magnetic field but in momentum space and is commonly present in materials with non-trivial quantum geometry. It endows Bloch electrons with transverse anomalous velocities to produce Hall-like currents even in the absence of a magnetic field. We report the direct observation of in situ tunable valley-selective Hall effect (VSHE), where inversion symmetry, and thus the geometric phase of electrons, is controllable by an out-of-plane electric field. We use high-quality bilayer graphene with an intrinsic and tunable bandgap, illuminated by circularly polarized mid-infrared light and confirm that the observed Hall voltage arises from an optically-induced valley population. Compared with molybdenum disulfide, we find orders of magnitude larger VSHE, attributed to the inverse scaling of the Berry curvature with bandgap. By monitoring the valley-selective Hall conductivity, we study Berry curvature's evolution with bandgap. This in situ manipulation of VSHE paves the way for topological and quantum geometric opto-electronic devices, such as more robust switches and detectors.
Medienbildung in der universitären Lehrkräftebildung im Sachunterricht – eine Diffusionsstudie universitärer Curricula
Creators: name: Grey, Jan
name: Gryl, Inga
Publisher: name: widerstreit sachunterricht
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Um der Digitalität in der Lebenswelt von Schüler*innen unterrichtlich Rechnung zu tragen, bedarf es einer digitalisierungsbezogenen Lehrkräftebildung. Das Ziel sollte es sein, (angehende) Lehrkräfte zu befähigen, digital bildend zu unterrichten. Wesentlich hierfür ist die Einbettung Digitaler Bildung in die Zielstellungen der ersten Phase der Lehrkräftebildung. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, inwiefern die Medienbildung, als Teil einer digitalisierungsbezogenen Bildung, in den curricularen Dokumenten der universitären Lehrkräftebildung im Fach Sachunterricht verankert ist. Hierzu werden Studiengangsdokumente von 37 Hochschulstandorten mit dem Studiengang Sachunterricht mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse untersucht und anschließend basierend auf den Belegstellen geclustert.
Older Infants Participating in WIC Are More Likely To Eat Vegetables Than Low-Income Non-Participating Infants
Creators: name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Guthrie, Joanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: food nutrition
subject: assistance
subject: Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

description: A recent study found that older infants participating in WIC had the same likelihood of eating fruits and vegetables as higher income infants not participating in the program and a higher likelihood of eating vegetables than lower income infants who did not participate in the program.
Theoretische Überlegungen zur Förderung von Zukunftsfähigkeiten im Sachunterricht
Creators: name: Junge, Alice
name: Schomaker, Claudia
Publisher: name: widerstreit sachunterricht
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Globalisierung, Klimawandel, Digitalisierung: Tiefgreifende Veränderungen unseres Umfelds sind Teil unserer Lebenswelt. Eng damit verknüpft ist die Zunahme von Komplexitäten, Mehrdeutigkeiten und einer damit zusammenhängenden Unsicherheit im Hinblick auf die Zukunft. Damit einher geht die Forderung nach Medienkompetenz, Flexibilität, Diversitätsbewusstsein, kritischem Denken und selbstständigem Lernen und Arbeiten, um Handlungsfähigkeit in der sich verändernden Welt zu sichern (vgl. Schnabel 2017, o.S.). Solche und weitere Fähigkeiten werden auch als sog. ‚Future Skills‘ bezeichnet, die erstmalig im Kontext zukünftiger Beschäftigungsfähigkeit (auch ‚employability‘) benannt wurden. Publikationen weiterer Akteur*innen wie beispielsweise die Initiative „Future of Education and Skills 2030“ der OECD (2019) sowie das PISA-Global-Competence Rahmenwerk (OECD 2018) erweiterten diesen Fokus auf den Bildungsbereich. Obgleich sie eine bildungsökonomische Perspektive vertreten, ist ihr Einfluss auf die nationale Bildungspolitik durchaus hoch, wenn es um die zukünftige Ausrichtung von schulischen Lern- und Bildungsprozessen geht. In jüngster Vergangenheit entstanden verschiedene Modelle zur Beschreibung und Strukturierung sog. Zukunftsfähigkeiten und es entwickelte sich eine breite Diskussion um den Einbezug solcher Kompetenzen in den Bildungsbereich.Dadurch stellt sich die Frage, der wir uns im Beitrag widmen, inwiefern diese als Zukunftsfähigkeiten zu bezeichnenden Kompetenzen eigentlich bereits für Grundschüler*innen eine Bedeutung erfahren (müssen). Wir entwickeln ausgehend von der Explikation eines Gesellschaftsund Bildungsverständnisses eine Perspektive auf diese Fragestellung, indem wir zeigen, dass sich die Fachdidaktik Sachunterricht als sehr vielversprechend erweist, um Schüler*innen schon früh in ihren Kompetenzen für eine sich stark und schnell verändernde Welt zu fördern.