Philodoria Walsingham 1907
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Shigeki
name: Johns, Chris A.
name: Kawahara, Akito Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Philodoria

description: Key to adults
(Adults of Philodoria sp. 2 and P. sp. 3 are unknown and are thus excluded from this key.)
- Forewing shiny, metallic bronze with ocherous to orange patches (Fig. 3A)....................................... A
- Forewing brown to fuscous with orange patches and a white spot near middle of wing (Fig. 3B)....................... B
- Forewing brown with one to three costal white streaks and two to three dorsal white streaks (Fig. 3C).................. C
- Forewing white with costal ocherous patches and three dorsal ocherous patches (Fig. 3D)............................ D
- Forewing brownish fuscous to black with white patches (Figs. 12, 13)........................................... E
- Forewing leaden gray, externally with fuscous brown (Fig. 7F)............................................ P. kolea
(A).
1 Basal patch (bp) absent; basal half of forewing leaden gray color (Fig. 8C–F)............................... P. basalis
- bp present........................................................................................... 2
2 A bright orange transverse fascia (tf) at 3/ 4 in middle interrupted with blue patch; an orange medial transverse patch (tp), narrowing towards dorsum, (Fig. 7C)............................................................ P. kauaulaensis
- An orange transverse patch beyond middle to costal 3/4, narrowing towards dorsum, extending to dorsal 2/3, with white costal spot (Fig. 7A, B, D, E, 8A, B, 9)......................................................................... 3
3 A black bp along costal fold; a fuscous patch near apex (Figs. 7A, B).................................. P. succedanea
- An orange bp along costal fold, fringed with blackish scales (Fig. 7E); a fuscous patch with dark orange scales at apex........................................................................................... P. auromagnifica
- An ocherous bp from near base of costal fold to dorsal 1/4 (Fig. 9)...................................................................... P. splendida (Fig. 9A, B, 73B), P. lama sp. n. (Figs. 9C, 73E, F), P. napaliensis sp. n. (Fig. 9D) § § It is difficult to identify three species: lama, napaliensis, and splendida from forewing pattern, see key to genitalia and diagnosis of species.
- An ocherous to oraenge bp containing two longitudinal streaks................................................. 4
4 An ocherous-orange tf from costal 1/3 to dorsal 1/2; bp from base to 1/3 (Figs. 8B, 73A)................ P. molokaiensis
- tf absent............................................................................................ 5
5 bp from base to 1/2; bb completed (Fig. 8A); Oahu............................................. P. lysimachiella # 2
- Basal 1/4 forewing unknown, but orange patch reach 1/2; bb 2 interrupted at middle by an orange patch (Fig. 26G); Kauai................................................................................................. P. sp. A # P. sp. 7 has similar forewing pattern, but basal 1/4 of forewing missing and damaged.
(B).
1 ws at near middle of the wing, not reaching dorsal margin (Fig. 3B)............................................. 2
- ws reaching dorsal margin (Fig. 74B)..................................................................... 3
2 ws oval (Fig. 10C).................................................................................... 4
- A small oblque ws at near middle of the wing; Oahu (Fig. 11A–D).................................... P. pipturicola
3 ws large, about 3x in diameter than that of costalis; w 2 widening toward the wing margin; Oahu (Fig. 10B, C)... P. pipturiella
- White spot small; two white bands almost the same size; Oahu (Fig. 10A)................................. P. costalis
4 ws almost erect line; Kauai (Fig. 10F).......................................................... P. micropetala
- ws bent toward apex; Hawaii (Big Island) (and Maui) (Figs. 10D, E, 11E, F)...................................... 5
5 cs and w 1 rather narrowing; Hawaii (Big Island) and Maui (Figs. 10D, E, 26M)............................. P. floscula
- cs and w 1 rather broad; Hawaii (Big Island) (Figs. 11E, F, 26K, L, 74)........................... P. haelaauensis sp. n.
(C).
1 A lemon-yellow streak from costal fold to 2/5, obliquely, at 3/5 to the middle (Figs. 20C, 77A)................ P. hauicola
- Three white costal streaks (cs
1–3
) present; white streaks are very narrow (Figs. 23A–C, 77E, F).......... P. marginestrigata
- Two white costal streaks (cs 2 and cs 3) present (Figs.14, 15).................................................... 2
- One white streak (cs 3) present (Figs.16–22)................................................................. 4
2 A white longitudinal streak in basal half of wing (Fig. 14A)......................................... P. dubauticola
1 2
- A broad white streak at costal fold; a transverse fascia at 3/4 (cs 3 + ds 3) (Fig. 22A, B).................. P. keaenisis sp. n.
- Not so, ds 1 present or brown in basal half.................................................................. 3
3 ds absent; cs rather short, not reaching the middle of wing (Figs. 14F, 15A–E)..................... P. alakaiensis sp. n.
- ds 1 present; cs 2 reaching the middle of wing (Figs. 14B–D, 15F, G)............... P. dubautiella, P. limahuliensis sp. n. ** ** P. limahuliensis has more dark color forewing.
4 Three white dorsal streaks (ds
1–3) present respectvely......................................................... 5
- ds
2 connecting basal patch on dorsum (ds
1)................................................................. 8
- ds 1 absent; a small white costal spot at near base; blue to fuscous patch at apical portion (Figs. 22D, 75D–G).............................................................................................. P. platyphylliella sp. n.
5 ds
1 is small white patch (Fig. 16C, D); ds
3 rather small.............................................. P. naenaeiella
- ds 1 is triangular-shaped streak (Fig. 21E); ds 3 rather small (See also key of P. nigrella)................... P. touchardiella
- ds 1 reaching the middle of wing.......................................................................... 6
6 Base to apex of ds 1 and ds 2 are almost same in width; ds 3 is triangular-shaped white patch (Fig. 19C–E) P. obamaorum sp. n.
- ds 1, 2 are slightly widend at dorsum; ds 3 is nearly triangular-shaped white patch (Fig. 19A, B).............. P. neraudicola
- ds 1–3 are widened at dorsum (Figs. 16A, B, 17, 18, 75B, C, 77B–D, 78E, F)....................................... 7
7 Rather narrowing ds:
- Apical portion orange with fuscous scales at center and a large as; ocherous color forewing (Figs. 16A, B, 77B–D)................................................................................................... P. hibiscella
- Apical portion pale lemon-yellow with a small as; brounish fuscous to brown color forewing (Figs. 20A, B, 78E, F)................................................................................................... P. urerana
- Rather wider ds from dorsum to the middle; apical portion with blue patch (Figs. 17, 18, 75B, C).................................................................................. P. hesperomanniella sp. n., P. knudseniiella sp. n.
8 ds 1 is narrowing white band (Figs. 20F, 76)................................................................. 9
- ds 1 is weakly triangular (Fig. 21B, D).................................................................... 10
9 A fuscous patch at dorsum 3/4; dark brown color forewing (Fig. 76)........................................ P. sp. 1
- A fuscous patch at 3/4, not reaching dorsal margin; ocherous color forewing (Fig. 20F)................... P. keahii sp. n.
10 Apical portion fuscous; bronze brown color forewing (Fig. 21A, B)................................. P. funkae sp. n.
- Apical portion light ocherous brown, but damaged; light ocherous brown color forewing (Fig. 21D)......... P. pittosporella
(D).
1. A fuscous costal line from base to about 1/2 (Fig. 25C, D).......................................... P. opuhe sp. n.
- cp 1 absent (Figs. 25A, B, 78D)................................................................... P. ureraella
- cp 1 present; dp 1 indistinct, connecting mp (ds 2 connecting ds 1) (Figs. 23D–G, 24, 78A–C)........................... 2
2 dp 2 and dp 3 not meeting..................... P. lipochaetaella (Figs. 23D–G, 24A), P. sciallactis (Figs. 24B–G, 78A–C)
- dp 2 and dp 3 meeting at median line (Fig. 24H)......................................................... P. sp. B
(E).
1 An oval white spot about the middle of wing (Fig. 12A–C).................................................... 2
- An oval white spot absent (Figs. 12D, 13).................................................................. 3
2 A longitudinal white streak from base to 1/3; an oblique white costal spot at 2/3, recurves to the costa (Fig. 12A–C)................................................................................................. P. pipturiana
- A white costal spot at 2/3, not curve (Zimmerman 1978a: fig. 467)....................................... P. spilota
3 Two or three costal spots (Fig. 12D)............................................................ P. wilkesiella
- A costal streak (cs 3) at 3/4 (Fig.13)....................................................................... 4
4 Dorsal streaks (ds 1–3) rather wider at dorsal base; ds 1 indistinct or along dorsal margin (Fig. 13A–C).......... P. epibathra
- ds 1–3 rather narrow; ds 1 reaching the middle of wing (Fig. 13D, E)........................................ P. nigrella
- ds 1–3 rather narrow; ds 1 is very small white patch (Zimmerman, 1978a: fig. 466; Fig. 22C)................ P. nigrelloides
description: Published as part of Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, pp. 1-175 in Zootaxa 4944 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4681813