cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mesosa (Perimesosa) setulosa Breuning 1938
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 3. Mesosa (Perimesosa) setulosa Breuning, 1938
Anagelasta nigromaculata Breuning, 1938c: 212.
Type Locality: India: Himachal Pradesh, Kulu (HT ♀); BMNH. Mesosa setulosa Breuning, 1938c: 202; Weigel, 2006: 503 (Distr., Syn.). Type Locality: India: Punjab, Kulu (HT ♀); BMNH.
Anagelasta (Mesagelasta) nigromaculata Breuning, 1939a: 494 Mesosa (Perimesosa) setulosa Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 273 (Cat.). Distribution: India (Punjab; Himachal Pradesh) & Nepal.
Mesosa (Saimia) Pascoe, 1865: 121 (type sp.: Samia albidorsalis Pascoe, 1865) [nec Hübner, 1819]; Saimia Pascoe, 1866b: 234 (n. nom. pro Samia Pascoe, 1866) (type sp.: Samia albidorsalis Pascoe, 1866).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
MPEC 2024-X184 : 2024 XO6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 XO6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Mesosa (Saimia) griseiventris
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mesosa (Saimia) griseiventris (Breuning, 1938) Saimia griseiventris Breuning, 1938c: 200. Type Locality: India: MH, Bombay (HT ♂); BMNH. Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mesosa (Saimia) albofasciata
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 2. Mesosa (Saimia) albofasciata (Breuning, 1935) Saimia albofasciata Breuning, 1935c: 264.
Type Locality: India: South India (HT); BMNH. Distribution: India (South India).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL AUDITORS IN STRENGTHENING COMPLIANCE WITH TAX REGULATIONS IN RWANDA
Creators: name: 1 Mensah Kwame, 2Mbonigaba Celestin, 3Olivia Martinez & 4Youssef Mansouri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: This study investigates the role of external auditors in strengthening tax compliance in Rwanda. A qualitative case study approach was employed, integrating primary data from semi-structured interviews with auditors, tax officials, and businesses, alongside secondary data from government reports and literature. Findings reveal that external audits detect non-compliance with 85% accuracy in identifying underreported revenues and increase tax compliance rates by 25% post-audit. However, challenges such as limited access to financial records (odds ratio = 2.5, p < 0.05) and insufficient taxpayer knowledge (odds ratio = 1.8, p < 0.05) hinder effectiveness. Recommendations include enhancing auditor training, improving taxpayer education, and fostering collaboration with the Rwanda Revenue Authority. The study underscores the pivotal role of external auditors in improving Rwanda's tax system, advocating for policy reforms to maximize their impact.
Mesosa (Saimia) lata Breuning 1956
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 3. Mesosa (Saimia) lata Breuning, 1956 Mesosa (Saimia) lata Breuning, 1956c: 677. Type Locality: India: N-India (HT ♂); MHNL. Distribution: India (N-India).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
National Trust Arts, Buildings & Collections Bulletin, Winter 2011
Creators: name: National Trust
Publisher: name: National Trust
Year: 2011
Subjects: East Asia
China
art
architecture
firearms
landscape
Osterley Park
collections
conservation
architectural history
Curation
gardens

description: The Arts, Buildings & Collections (ABC) Bulletin was published between 2006 and 2022, aimed at external readers with an interest in conservation and curatorial work. ABC was distributed in PDF format as an email attachment to direct subscribers, relevant National Trust staff and volunteers, and was available to download from the Trust website. Each issue was around 35 pages, colour-illustrated, with around five scholarly articles and three shorter features covering NT exhibitions and events, new publications, conservation news, acquisitions, loans, etc. Publication continued until 2022, when the Bulletin was replaced by the Cultural Heritage Magazine.
description: Swindon, UK
Mesosa (Saimia) indica
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 4. Mesosa (Saimia) indica (Breuning, 1935)
Saimia indica Breuning, 1935c: 265.
Type Locality: India: WB, Charanpur (HT ♂); BMNH. Mesosa indica Hua, 1986: 212 (Distr.); Hua, 2002: 215 (Cat.).
Mesosa (Saimia) indica Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 273 (Cat.).
Distribution: India (UP; WB: Charanpur), Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Tonkin, China: Yunnan; & Oriental Region.
Mesosaimia Breuning, 1937: 206 (type sp.: Mesosaimia robusta Breuning).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on pages 181-182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mesosaimia robusta Breuning 1938
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mesosaimia robusta Breuning, 1938
Mesosaimia robusta Breuning, 1938c: 207; Breuning, 1939a: 433; Yamasako, 2014: 463, 473, figs 1–2 (LT ♂), 3– 4 (PTLT ♀) (Key).
Type Locality: India: Assam, Nambor Range, Sibsagar (HT ♂); BMNH.
Distribution: India (Assam).
Mimagelasta Breuning, 1939a: 517 (type sp.: Mimagelasta grisescens Breuning, 1939); Trichipocregyes Breuning, 1950c: 521 (type sp.: Trichipocregyes mausoni Breuning, 1950).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mimagelasta grisescens Breuning 1939
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mimagelasta grisescens Breuning, 1939
Mimagelasta grisescens Breuning, 1939a: 518.
Type Locality: India: Assam, Mishmi-Hills, Lohit Valley (HT); BMNH. Distribution: India (Assam).
Mutatocoptops Pic, 1925e: 28 (type sp.: Mutatocoptops alboapicalis Pic); Paracoptops Heller, 1926: 36 (type sp.: Saimia tuberosa Heller); Pseudaemocia Breuning, 1935c: 269 (type sp.: Pseudaemocia rufa Breuning).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mutatocoptops similis Breuning 1935
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mutatocoptops similis Breuning, 1935
Mutatocoptops similis Breuning, 1935c: 263.
Type Locality: Thailand: Siam (HT ♂); BMNH.
Mutatocoptops (Mutatocoptops) similis Breuning, 1939a: 504.
Mutatocoptops (s. str.) similis Rondon & Breuning, 1970: 342, fig. 7e (Fauna). Distribution: India (Sikkim), Bangladesh: Silhet, Thailand, South Asia, Cambodia, Oriental Region & Laos.
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mutatocoptops alboapicalis Pic 1925
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 2. Mutatocoptops alboapicalis Pic, 1925
Mutatocoptops alboapicalis Pic, 1925e: 30; Hua, 1986: 213 (Distr.); Hua, 2002: 217 (Cat.); Yamasako & N. Ohbayashi, 2011: 50, fig. 17 (Distr.); Weigel, 2012: 409, pl. XXIX, fig. c (Distr.).
Type Locality: Laos (HT); MNHNP.
Paracoptops cristata Fisher, 1936: 183; Lingafelter et al., 2014: 48, fig. 50 q (HT).
Type Locality: Indonesia: Java, Mt. Tangkoeban Prahoe, Preanger (HT ♂); NMNH.
Mutatocoptops (Mutatocoptops) alboapicalis Breuning, 1939a: 503.
Mutatocoptops (s. str.) alboapicalis Rondon & Breuning, 1970: 342, fig. 7c (Fauna).
Distribution: India (AR), Java: Mt. Tangkoeban Prahoe, China: Yunnan; Thailand, Laos, Malaysia & Indonesia.
Paripocregyes Breuning, 1937: 204 (Type species: Ipocregyes terminaliae Fisher, 1933).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Paripocregyes brunneomaculatus Breuning 1938
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Paripocregyes brunneomaculatus Breuning, 1938 Paripocregyes brunneomaculatus Breuning, 1938c: 204. Type Locality: India: Uttarakhand, Dehra-Dun (HT); BMNH. Distribution: India (Uttarakhand: Dehra-Dun).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Paripocregyes fuscovittatus Breuning 1938
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 2. Paripocregyes fuscovittatus Breuning, 1938 Paripocregyes fuscovittatus Breuning, 1938c: 205.
Type Locality: India: MH, Bombay (HT ♂); BMNH. Distribution: India (MH, Bombay).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on pages 182-183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Paripocregyes terminaliae
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 3. Paripocregyes terminaliae (Fisher, 1933)
Ipocregyes terminaliae Fisher, 1933b: 1 (P. n.).
Type Locality: India: Gujarat, Tansa (HT ♂); BMNH.
Paripocregyes terminaliae Breuning, 1938c: 204 (comb. n.).
Distribution: India (KA: North Canara; MH: Bombay Thana, Bhagwati, Sappal, Balghat; TN: Aiyur, North Salem, Madras).
Pseudochoeromorpha Breuning, 1936: 310 (type sp.: Agelasta lar Pascoe, 1865).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Pseudochoeromorpha ochracea
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Pseudochoeromorpha ochracea (Thomson, 1878) Agelasta ochracea Thomson, 1878c: 60; Thomson, 1878a: 4 (Type). Type Locality: India: Andaman I. (HT); MNHNP.
Agelasta mediifusca Pascoe, 1878: 373.
Type Locality: India: Andaman Islanad (HT); BMNH.
Pseudochoeromorpha ochracea Breuning, 1936: 310 (comb. n., Syn.); Breuning, 1939a: 501 Distribution: India (Andaman I.).
Therippia Pascoe, 1865: 107 (type sp.: Therippia decorata Pascoe, 1865).
Therippia (Paratherippia) Breuning, 1935c: 275 (type sp.: Cacia triloba Pascoe, 1859).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Therippia (Paratherippia) latefasciata Breuning 1936
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Therippia (Paratherippia) latefasciata Breuning, 1936
Therippia (Paratherippia) latefasciata Breuning, 1936: 309; Breuning, 1939a: 394. Type Locality: Malaysia: Malacca, Selangor (HT); BMNH.
Distribution: India (Andaman I.) & Malaysia.
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Morimopsini Lacordaire 1869
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae

description: Tribe: Morimopsini
Aconodes Pascoe, 1857b: 106 (type sp.: Aconodes montanus Pascoe, 1857); Centrura Guérin - Méneville, 1843: 61 (type sp.: Centrura costata Guérin-Méneville, 1843); Dioxippe Thomson, 1860: 350, 355 (type secies: Centrura divaricata Coquerel, 1852); Chembaganarum Pic, 1925d: 27 (type sp.: Chambaganorum angustatum Pic, 1925).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Prävention von Videospielnutzungsstörungen
bei Jugendlichen: Handlungsempfehlungen systemischer Prävention in Familien
Creators: name: Weiss, Simon
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Hintergrund

Mit einer Prävalenz von 3 % bis 6 % sind Videospielnutzungsstörungen eine ernstzunehmende Erkrankung, deren Auswirkungen die psychische und physische Gesundheit sowie das soziale Leben und den Bildungsweg von Jugendlichen beeinträchtigen. Angesichts der Herausforderungen des Jugendalters und der damit verbundenen Entwicklungsaufgaben ist es notwendig, adäquate Präventionsangebote bereitzustellen.

Zielsetzung

Die vorliegende MAS-Arbeit geht der Frage nach, wie Präventionsangebote im System Familie aus Sicht der systemischen Präventionstheorie gestaltet werden können, um Videospielnutzungsstörungen im Jugendalter vorzubeugen.

Methode

Der systemischen Präventionstheorie folgend werden die Ebenen des Problems, der Einflussfaktoren, der Zielgruppenfaktoren und der Massnahmen betrachtet. Der systemische Ansatz ermöglicht eine differenzierte Betrachtung des Systems Familie und die Konzeption wirkungsvoller Präventionsangebote.

Resultate

Die MAS-Arbeit liefert eine Darstellung der Entstehung und Auswirkungen von Videospielnutzungsstörungen. Dazu liefert die Einflussfaktorenanalyse einen Überblick über relevante Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren. Das System Familie wird detailliert dargestellt und Zielgruppenfaktoren von Jugendlichen und Eltern werden beschrieben. Darauf aufbauend werden zentrale Aspekte, handlungsleitende Prinzipien und relevante Präventionsansätze vorgeschlagen.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Prävention von Videospielnutzungsstörungen versteht sich als komplexes Zusammenspiel verschiedener Massnahmen. Diese sollten aufeinander abgestimmt, koordiniert und die beteiligten Organisationen miteinander vernetzt werden. Zum Schutz der Jugendlichen und zur Entlastung der Eltern sind in Videospielen angemessene Schutzfunktionen zu integrieren. Ebenso sind gesetzliche Regulierungsmassnahmen in Betracht zu ziehen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa mas pg + Fussnote: Master-Arbeit MAS Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202412
Branchiostegus Rafinesque 1815
Creators: name: Hiramatsu, Wataru
name: Vinh, Chu Tien
name: Endo, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Malacanthidae
Branchiostegus

description: Key to the five species of Branchiostegus in Vietnam
1a Third pelvic-fin soft ray longest; pelvic fin longer than 13th dorsal-fin soft ray; predorsal ridge pale; caudal fin with scattered yellow bars and spots, sometimes forming yellow stripe (Fig. 4A).......................................... B. albus
1b Second pelvic-fin soft ray longest; pelvic fin shorter than 13th soft dorsal-fin ray; predorsal ridge dark; caudal fin with 4–6 distinct stripes (Figs. 1, 4B)............................................................................. 2
2a Scales on cheek covered with thin skin; silver triangular-shaped blotch on posterior rim of eye............... B. japonicus
2b Scales on cheek exposed; no triangular-shaped silver blotch along posterior rim of eye.............................. 3
3a Six scale rows on cheek; dorsal-fin membrane with black stripe overlapping yellow coloration along dorsal margin; silver cheek with yellow blotch below eye; black blotch at tip of upper caudal fin............................... B. biendong n. sp.
3b Eight or more scale rows on cheek; color not as above........................................................ 4
4a Cheek yellow with one silver bar; HL usually more than 26% in SL; dorsal fin yellowish with yellow margin; no black blotches on dorsal-fin membrane; no stripes on sides of body................................................... B. auratus
4b Cheek pink with two silver bars; HL usually less than 26% in SL; a series of black blotches on dorsal-fin membrane between rays; two yellow stripes on side of body......................................................... B. argentatus
description: Published as part of Hiramatsu, Wataru, Vinh, Chu Tien & Endo, Hiromitsu, 2019, Branchiostegus biendong, a New Tilefish from Vietnam (Perciformes: Branchiostegidae), pp. 133-144 in Zootaxa 4661 (1) on pages 141-142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3378600
Aconodes affinis
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Aconodes affinis (Breuning, 1940)
Centrura affinis Breuning, 1940b: 117.
Type Locality: India: TN, Nilghiri Hills (HT); MNHNP. Distribution: India (TN: Nilghiri Hills).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST THE ABUSE OF CIRCUMSTANCES (MISBRUIK VAN OMSTANDIGHEDEN) IN THE FORMATION OF FAIR CONTRACTS
Creators: name: WAHYUDDIN
name: SALIM HS
name: L. M. HAYYANUL HAQ
name: ARIS MUNANDAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Abuse of Circumstances, Contract Law Protection, and Justice in Contracts.

description: Abstract

The doctrine of abuse of circumstances (misbruik van omstandigheden) plays a crucial role in achieving justice in the formation of contracts, with the principles of equality and fairness as its foundation. This doctrine aims to maintain a balance of bargaining power and protect the dignity of individuals. However, the absence of specific regulations governing it in Indonesia leads to legal uncertainty, disadvantages the weaker party, and creates a paradox between freedom of contract and social justice, potentially undermining the legitimacy of the legal system. This research is a normative legal study. The approach used in this research includes the statutory approach, conceptual approach, philosophical approach, and case approach. The theoretical framework employed as the analytical tool consists of John Rawls' theory of justice, the theory of basic legal values, and the theory of constructive interpretation. The findings of this research are: The doctrine of abuse of circumstances is crucial to be integrated into Indonesian contract law to protect weaker parties, uphold justice, and ensure balance in contractual agreements. This can be realized through new legislation or Supreme Court regulations prioritizing good faith, the protection of vulnerable parties, and the principle of substantive justice. Such an approach enhances legal protection and fosters the formation of equitable contracts in Indonesia.
САНОАТ МУЛК ҲУҚУҚИ ОБЪЕКТЛАРИНИ ҲИМОЯ ҚИЛИШДА ХАЛҚАРО ҲУҚУҚИЙ-ҲУЖЖАТЛАРНИНГ ЎРНИ
Creators: name: Каньязов, Есемурат
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu ishda sanoat mulki muhofazasini ta'minlashda xalqaro huquqiy hujjatlarning roli tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot TRIPS kelishuvi va mintaqaviy shartnomalar kabi amaldagi xalqaro shartnomalar hamda Butunjahon intellektual mulk tashkiloti (BIMT) faoliyati tahliliga asoslanadi. Qayd etilishicha, mazkur hujjatlar qonun hujjatlarini uyg‘unlashtirish, intellektual mulk huquqlarini himoya qilish, innovatsiyalarni rag‘batlantirish va nizolarni hal etishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Biroq, yangi texnologiyalarni rivojlantirish va intellektual mulkning transchegaraviy tabiati bilan bog'liq muammolarni samarali hal qilish uchun keyingi tadqiqotlar zarur.
Training a Task-Specific Image Reconstruction Loss
Creators: name: Mustafa, A
name: Mikhailiuk, A
name: Iliescu, DA
name: Babbar, V
name: Mantiuk, RK
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022
Subjects: eess.IV
cs.CV

description: The choice of a loss function is an important factor when training neural networks for image restoration problems, such as single image super resolution. The loss function should encourage natural and perceptually pleasing results. A popular choice for a loss is a pre-trained network, such as VGG, which is used as a feature extractor for computing the difference between restored and reference images. However, such an approach has multiple drawbacks: it is computationally expensive, requires regularization and hyper-parameter tuning, and involves a large network trained on an unrelated task. Furthermore, it has been observed that there is no single loss function that works best across all applications and across different datasets. In this work, we instead propose to train a set of loss functions that are application specific in nature. Our loss function comprises a series of discriminators that are trained to detect and penalize the presence of application-specific artifacts. We show that a single natural image and corresponding distortions are sufficient to train our feature extractor that outperforms state-of-the-art loss functions in applications like single image super resolution, denoising, and JPEG artifact removal. Finally, we conclude that an effective loss function does not have to be a good predictor of perceived image quality, but instead needs to be specialized in identifying the distortions for a given restoration method.
Aconodes costatus
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 2. Aconodes costatus (Guérin-Méneville, 1843)
Centrura costata Guérin-Méneville, 1843: 62; Kano, 1933: 47 (Distr.). Aconodes costata Hua, 2002: 191 (Cat.).
Type Locality: India: TN, Nilgiri Hills (HT); MNHNP. Distribution: India (TN, Nilghiri Hills) & China: Taiwan?.
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
BOSHLANGʻICH SINFLARDA OʻZLASHTIRISH FAOLIYATINI TA'MINLASHNING USTIVOR VAZIFALARI
Creators: name: Z.T.Xasanova
Publisher: name: Academic Scientific Research Group
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining o‘zlashtirish faoliyatining ustivor vazifalari tahlil etilgan.
Aconodes montanus Pascoe 1857
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 3. Aconodes montanus Pascoe, 1857
Aconodes montanus Pascoe, 1857b: 107, pl. XXIII, figs 7, 7a–b; Holzschuh, 1984a: 154, fig. 15 (♂); Weigel, 2006: 502 (Distr.).
Type Locality: Induia: Hymalaya Mts. (HT); BMNH.
Aconodes montana Breuning, 1961c: 310 (Cat.).
Distribution: India (Himalaya Mts.; Sikkim) & Nepal.
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
СУҒОРИЛАДИГАН ЕРЛАРНИ ЎЗБОШИМЧАЛИК БИЛАН ЭГАЛЛАБ ОЛИШГА ЙЎЛ ҚЎЙМАСЛИК БЎЙИЧА ЧОРАЛАР КЎРМАСЛИК ЖИНОЯТИНИ ТЕРГОВ ҚИЛИШНИНГ АЙРИМ ЖИҲАТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Суюнов, Шахзодбек
name: Жуманиёзова, Сарвиноз
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мазкур мақолада суғориладиган ерларни ўзбошимчалик билан эгаллаб олишга йўл қўймаслик бўйича чоралар кўрмаслик жиноятини тергов қилиш,  ушбу жиноятларни малакалашда юзага келаётган муаммолар,  cуғориладиган ерларни ўзбошимчалик билан эгаллаб олишга йўл қўймаслик бўйича чоралар кўрмаслик фактининг жиноий-ҳуқуқий белгиларини аниқлаш, шунингдек ушбу турдаги жиноятларни и бартараф этиш борасидаги таклифлар келтириб ўтилган.
THE IMPACT OF COORDINATION ON HEALTH COMMODITY SECURITY IN SIERRA LEONE
Creators: name: IJMVSC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Technical Working Groups (TWG) in supply chain management comprise stakeholders, including government and non-government actors. The ability of these actors to articulate a collective focus to resolving identified challenges, irrespective of the interests and objectives of their affiliated institutions, provided one aligned front and strategies for tackling health supply chain management challenges in Sierra Leone. Relying on desk reviews of assessment reports and technical reports on different health supply chain operations revealed challenges of poor data visibility, low quality of LMIS data, and parallel operations within the system using various tools. Using the available and scarce resources via coordinated effort by the TWG, the challenges received attention, and there was a change of projection and a better narrative towards health commodity security.
REDEFINING VARIANCE TESTING: EXPLORING ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
Creators: name: Sarah, Elizabeth Thompson
Publisher: name: Continental Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Levene's Test, variability, population, one-way ANOVA, homogeneity.

description: Levene's Test, as introduced by, offers a method for assessing variability within a population. It involves calculating the absolute differences between individual values (x) and their group mean (x̅), followed by conducting a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on these derived values. This test provides a valuable tool for investigating the homogeneity of variances among different groups, a fundamental aspect in statistical analysis
Aconodes persimilis
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 4. Aconodes persimilis (Breuning, 1939)
Centrura persimilis Breuning, 1939c: 144.
Type Locality: India: TN, Nilghiri Hills (HT); BMNH. Distribution: India (TN: Nilghiri Hills).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
IMPACT OF AUDIT ROTATION ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN RWANDA'S LISTED COMPANIES
Creators: name: 1 Mensah Kwame, 2Mbonigaba Celestin, 3Olivia Martinez & 4Youssef Mansouri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: This study investigates the impact of audit rotation on the quality of financial reporting in Rwanda’s listed companies. Using a quantitative research design, data from financial statements, audit reports, and governance documents of Rwanda Stock Exchange-listed companies (up to 2016) were analyzed. Regression models revealed statistically significant improvements in reporting quality indicators post-audit rotation, such as compliance with IFRS (+1 point on a 5-point scale, p<0.01) and reduced financial restatements (e.g., Bank of Kigali: 3 pre-rotation to 0 post-rotation). Auditor independence ratings improved by 2 points on average, enhancing transparency and investor confidence, which rose by 40%. However, audit fees increased by 25%, posing cost challenges. The study concludes that audit rotation enhances financial reporting quality, auditor independence, and market confidence despite operational costs. Recommendations include strengthening regulatory oversight, optimizing auditor transitions, mitigating costs, promoting stakeholder engagement, and integrating advanced technologies.
Aconodes sikkimensis
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 5. Aconodes sikkimensis (Breuning, 1940)
Centrura sikkimensis Breuning, 1940b: 118.
Type Locality: India: WB, Darjeeling, Lopchu (HT); BMNH. Aconodes sikkimensis Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 288 (Cat.). Distribution: India (WB: Darjeeling, Lopchu; Sikkim).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Aconodes subaequalis
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 6. Aconodes subaequalis (Aurivillius, 1922)
Centrura subaequalis Aurivillius, 1922a: 162.
Type Locality: India: South India, Madurai, Shembaganur (ST); MLB. Chambaganorum angustatum Pic, 1925d: 27.
Type Locality: India: South India (HT); MNHNP.
Aconodes subaequalis Breuning, 1956d: 705 (Syn., comb. n.). Distribution: India (South India; TN: Madurai, Kodiakanal and Shembaganur).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Aconodes truncatus
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 7. Aconodes truncatus (Breuning, 1939)
Centrura truncata Breuning, 1939c: 144.
Type Locality: India: WB, (Darjeeling) (HT); BMNH. Aconodes truncatus Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 288 (Cat.). Distribution: India (Sikkim; WB: Darjeeling Distr.).
Anamera Thomson, 1864: 63 (type sp.: Anamera alboguttata Thomson, 1864).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF RIDGE REGRESSION AND PLS REGRESSION IN CHEMOMETRICS
Creators: name: Anna, Kristensen
Publisher: name: Continental Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ridge Regression (RR), Partial Least Squares (PLS), chemometrics, statistical modeling, data analysis

description: Ridge Regression (RR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) are two widely used techniques in the field of chemometrics for modeling complex relationships between variables. This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of RR and PLS, shedding light on the ongoing debate among statisticians and chemometricians regarding their effectiveness.

Statisticians argue that RR, with its well-developed mathematical foundation, is a preferable choice due to its known statistical properties. In contrast, PLS relies on the projection of orthogonal variables, raising concerns about its statistical properties. However, chemometricians favor PLS, emphasizing its ability to handle situations with more variables than samples, a common scenario in practical applications.

The paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of both RR and PLS, highlighting their similarities and differences. PLS, similar to Canonical Correlation (CC), aims to maximize the covariance between X- and Y-score vectors, while CC focuses on correlation. Validation procedures, including cross-validation and test sets, are discussed to assess the reliability of results. Additionally, graphical tools are presented to facilitate data analysis.

While previous studies have produced mixed results regarding the superiority of RR or PLS, this paper aims to provide a clearer perspective by considering various factors and practical scenarios. By comparing these two methods on real-world chemometric datasets, we contribute to the ongoing discussion surrounding their applicability and performance.
Additional file 1: of The effectiveness of a skin care program for the prevention of contact dermatitis in health care workers (the Healthy Hands Project): study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Soltanipoor, Maryam
name: Kezic, Sanja
name: Sluiter, Judith
name: Rustemeyer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Completed SPIRIT Checklist. (DOC 121Â kb)
Anamera strandiella Breuning 1944
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Anamera strandiella Breuning, 1944
Melanauster strandi Breuning, 1936: 293.
Type Locality: India: Kerala, Travancore (HT ♀); BMNH. Anamera strandiella Breuning, 1944: 323, fig. 217 (nom. n.). Distribution: India (Kerala: Travancore, Cochin, Parambilulam).
Mimodorcadion Breuning, 1942c: 114 (type sp.: Mimodorcadion griseum Breuning, 1942 (= Dorcadion indicum Guérin-Méneville, 1844).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Mimodorcadion indicum (Guerin-Meneville, 1844) Dorcadion
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mimodorcadion indicum (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) Dorcadion indicum Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 241.
Type Locality: India: TN, Nilghiri Hills (HT); MNHNP. Mimodorcadion griseum Breuning, 1942c: 115.
Type Locality: India: TN, Nilghiri Hills (HT); BMNH.
Mimodorcadion indicum Breuning, 1942c: 115 (comb. n.); Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 289 (Cat.). Distribution: India (TN: Nilghiri Hills).
Mimogrynex Breuning, 1939c: 145 (type sp.: Mimogrynex densepunctatus Breuning, 1939).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on pages 184-185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
MOESM2 of Production of high concentrated cellulosic ethanol by acetone/water oxidized pretreated beech wood
Creators: name: Constantinos Katsimpouras
name: Kalogiannis, Konstantinos
name: Aggeliki Kalogianni
name: Lappas, Angelos
name: Topakas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Free-fall mixer that was employed for the liquefaction/saccharification of AWOBW run no. 10 at high-solids content (20 wt%). (a) Front view, (b) top view, (c) inside view, and AWOBW slurry (d) before and (e) after the liquefaction/saccharification step. Free-fall mixer was designed and constructed by Paschos et al. [19], and was funded by the European Communityâ  s 7th Framework Program (Project ID 213139; the HYPE project).
Mimogrynex densepunctatus Breuning 1939
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Vitali, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 1. Mimogrynex densepunctatus Breuning, 1939 Mimogrynex densepunctatus Breuning, 1939c: 146. Type Locality: India: TN, Kodaikanal (HT ♀); BMNH. Distribution: India (TN: Kodaikanal).
Morimidius Breuning, 1939c: 156 (type sp.: Morimidius flavosparsus Breuning, 1939).
description: Published as part of Gupta, Rajeev & Vitali, Francesco, 2017, The checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India, pp. 1-317 in Zootaxa 4345 (1) on page 185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4345.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044137
Additional file 1 Table S1. of Microbial survey of ready-to-eat salad ingredients sold at retail reveals the occurrence and the persistence of Listeria monocytogenes Sequence Types 2 and 87 in pre-packed smoked salmon
Creators: name: Chau, Man
name: Kyaw Aung
name: Hapuarachchige Hapuarachchi
name: Lee, Pei
name: Lim, Pei
name: Kang, Joanne
name: Youming Ng
name: Hooi Yap
name: Hyun-Gyun Yuk
name: GutiĂŠrrez, Ramona
name: Ng, Lee
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Descriptions of ingredients in pre-packed salads. Table S2. Breakdown of salad bar ingredients collected. (DOCX 17 kb)
Additional file 10: Figure S8. of Clock-dated phylogeny for 48% of the 700 species of Crotalaria (Fabaceaeâ  Papilionoideae) resolves sections worldwide and implies conserved flower and leaf traits throughout its pantropical range
Creators: name: Rockinger, Alexander
name: AndrĂŠia Flores
name: Renner, Susanne
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Bootstrap support values from 1000 replicates for the maximum likelihood tree for 372 accessions representing 338 species of Crotalaria and 33 species of the remaining 15 genera of Crotalarieae based on 3175 aligned nucleotides of nuclear and plastid sequences. (PDF 435 kb)
Heuristic optimisation for multi-asset intervention planning in a petrochemical plant
Creators: name: Petchrompo, S
name: Parlikad, AK
Publisher: name: Elsevier BV
Year: 2018
Subjects: Maintenance
Reliability
Multi-asset systems
Fleet
Optimisation
Genetic Algorithms

description: Large infrastructure assets commonly require high intervention costs, but the absence of an effective asset management plan can bring about a massive production loss for a company. Hence, managing these assets is considered a daunting task and is even more complicated if these assets operate collectively to produce an output. This paper explores a pragmatic approach to a multi-asset intervention scheduling problem through a case study of a vessel fleet in a petrochemical plant. After the relationship between the asset configuration and the system output is defined, an optimisation model with an objective to jointly minimise cost and risk is developed. Since the calculation of risk profiles across the fleet requires complex non-linear functions, a genetic algorithm is employed to search for an optimal combination of intervention schedules. Compared to the current run-to-failure strategy, the optimal strategy results in a significant reduction in system failure risk and a substantial improvement in long-term fleet conditions while reducing the total cost.
Perceived Quality of Artificial Intelligence in Smart Service Systems: A Structured Approach
Creators: name: Neuhüttler, Jens
name: Fischer, Rudolf
name: Ganz, Walter
name: Urmetzer, Florian
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: 4605 Data Management and Data Science
46 Information and Computing Sciences
Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD)
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

description: Smart Service Systems are becoming increasingly important in almost all industries and areas of life. In order to make use of data from the Internet of Things for individualizing and automatizing service offerings, Artificial intelligence (AI) is a key technology. However, only little is known about how users and potential customers perceive quality of these AI-based Smart Services and how companies can develop them accordingly. To this end, our paper presents a framework concept for addressing quality of Smart Services systematically. The framework integrates known and novel quality aspects and thus supports a systematic and quality-focused development. In addition, our paper presents exemplary AI-relevant quality aspects in more detail. First of all, AI-based Smart Service Systems will be characterized in more detail and existing quality concepts will be presented in order to enable a holistic quality assessment.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AUDITING IN DETECTING AND PREVENTING CORRUPTION IN RWANDA'S GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS
Creators: name: 1 Mensah Kwame, 2Mbonigaba Celestin, 3Olivia Martinez & 4Youssef Mansouri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: The study evaluates the effectiveness of auditing in detecting and preventing corruption in Rwanda’s government contracts, focusing on the period from 2000 to 2016. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combined qualitative interviews with key stakeholders and document analysis of audit reports. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in audits conducted, rising from 18 in 2000 to 75 in 2016, with the detection rate of corruption cases increasing from 11% to 29%. However, financial losses from corruption also rose, indicating the evolving complexity of corrupt practices. Regression analysis identified resource allocation (β = 0.78, p < 0.01) and reduced response times (β = -0.65, p < 0.05) as key factors enhancing audit outcomes. The study concludes that while auditing significantly contributes to corruption detection, gaps remain in enforcement and coverage. Recommendations include expanding audit coverage, increasing resource allocation, implementing digital tools, and enforcing audit recommendations.
Additional file 1 Table S1. of Microbial survey of ready-to-eat salad ingredients sold at retail reveals the occurrence and the persistence of Listeria monocytogenes Sequence Types 2 and 87 in pre-packed smoked salmon
Creators: name: Chau, Man
name: Kyaw Aung
name: Hapuarachchige Hapuarachchi
name: Lee, Pei
name: Lim, Pei
name: Kang, Joanne
name: Youming Ng
name: Hooi Yap
name: Hyun-Gyun Yuk
name: GutiĂŠrrez, Ramona
name: Ng, Lee
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Descriptions of ingredients in pre-packed salads. Table S2. Breakdown of salad bar ingredients collected. (DOCX 17 kb)
title: M2QA: Multi-domain Multilingual Question Answering
Creators: name: Engländer, Leon
name: Sterz, Hannah
name: Poth, Clifton A
name: Pfeiffer, Jonas
name: Kuznetsov, Ilia
name: Gurevych, Iryna
name: Al-Onaizan, Yaser
name: Bansal, Mohit
name: Chen, Yun-Nung
Publisher: name: ACL
Year: 2024

description: Generalization and robustness to input variation are core desiderata of machine learning research. Language varies along several axes, most importantly, language instance (e.g. French) and domain (e.g. news). While adapting NLP models to new languages within a single domain, or to new domains within a single language, is widely studied, research in joint adaptation is hampered by the lack of evaluation datasets. This prevents the transfer of NLP systems from well-resourced languages and domains to non-dominant language-domain combinations. To address this gap, we introduce M2QA, a multi-domain multilingual question answering benchmark.M2QA includes 13,500 SQuAD 2.0-style question-answer instances in German, Turkish, and Chinese for the domains of product reviews, news, and creative writing. We use M2QA to explore cross-lingual cross-domain performance of fine-tuned models and state-of-the-art LLMs and investigate modular approaches to domain and language adaptation.We witness 1) considerable performance variations across domain-language combinations within model classes and 2) considerable performance drops between source and target language-domain combinations across all model sizes. We demonstrate that M2QA is far from solved, and new methods to effectively transfer both linguistic and domain-specific information are necessary.