cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dubbing the multilingual moment: Translating English-language American television shows with French into French
Creators: name: Thompson, Jenna
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Language, General.
subject: Cinema.

description: Multilingual films, such as Lost in Translation (2003), have recently become a phenomenon. Various popular television series also feature an element of multilingualism in their plots. This inclusion of the cultural "other" and its language, specifically, the dubbing into French of "French situations" in American television shows, presents an interesting challenge for audiovisual translation (AVT). In my study, I begin by discussing research on multilingualism in literature, film and television. I then discuss the relevance of translation studies concepts to AVT, and apply them in examining the dubbing into French of American television shows that include situations involving the French language. I describe and analyze how this challenge has been met, where the "other" in the original is the television viewer for whom the show is translated. My work studies the many different strategies used to deal with a very specific translation problem in the field of AVT.
Neuronal activation contributes to the regulation of synaptic strength in circadian networks
Creators: name: Xin, Xiantong
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sleep
Neuronal activation
Circadian rhythm

description: Sleep is an important body state that is widely conserved across the animal kingdom. Given the fact that sleepless animals have not been found on earth, and that sleep deprivation is harmful to animals, the reason why sleep is necessary still remains a mystery. In a previous study, the “synaptic homeostasis hypothesis” (SHY) was proposed as an explanation, which argues that sleep down-regulates the global synaptic strength by either reducing synapse number or depressing synaptic connectivity, while wakefulness increases synaptic strength when animals are exposed to the changing environment. In other words, sleep serves to maintain homeostatic regulation, without which the animal brain would be saturated by the increasing amount of synapses.\r Sleep need is regulated by the circadian rhythm of an animal as well as sleep pressure. In Drosophila melanogaster, sleep pressure is regulated by a plastic change within a subset of ellipsoid body (EB) neurons, who communicate with anterior- projecting dorsal neurons (APDN) In this study, we tested the effect of sleep on synapses. We used several methods to \r observe the distribution of a synaptic protein, Bruchpilot (BRP) in two sets of circadian neurons that directly regulate the morning and evening peak of flies. We found that sleep cycles had no observable effect on the synaptic strength. However, optogenetic activation of the sleep-inducing DN1 neurons using CsChrimson led to a dramatic increase in BRP levels in dorsal processes of DN1s. We therefore suggest that it is neuronal activation rather than the wake/sleep stage of the animal that regulates synaptic strength.
DDoSniffer: An attack detection tool detecting TCP-based distributed denial of service attack traffic at the agent machines
Creators: name: Laurens, Vicky
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, System Science.
subject: Computer Science.

description: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are an important and challenging security threat. Despite of the availability of several defence mechanisms and ongoing academic research in the field, attackers handle to build a large network of agent machines. This research developed a tool, DDoSniffer, to tackle the DDoS attack by detecting ongoing attack traffic at the agent machines. Due to the diversity in DDoS attack strategies, it is not realistic to deal with all type of attacks with one single solution. DDoSniffer focuses on TCP-based attacks. Different scenarios were tested to evaluate the performance of DDoSniffer when detecting what we classified as connection attacks and bandwidth attacks. The former attacks generate connections with four packets or fewer. The latter attacks create connections with traffic ratios larger than usual. Detection is the minimum requirement of all defence mechanisms, and DDoSniffer is capable of detecting a broad range of attacks within seconds.
Prins-pinacol synthesis of a variety of highly functionalized bicyclo[4n1]alkanones
Creators: name: Lavigne, Roch M. A
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: Bridged ring cores possessing quaternary carbon centers adjacent to a bridged ketone constitute challenging structures in synthesis. Therefore, this thesis explores the development of the first Prins-pinacol synthesis of cis-fused bicyclo[4,n,1]alkanones. The reaction conditions were optimized for the rearrangement of bicyclo[4.4.0]decanes and the effect of different diol protecting groups was explored, as well as the effect of substitution at the C4 and the C5 position. The rearrangement of bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane and bicyclo[5.3.0]decanes was also investigated in order to achieve the formation of bicyclic ketones with various ring sizes. Finally, the Prins-pinacol rearrangement was coupled with an ionic Diels-Alder reaction in order to achieve the rapid synthesis of highly functionalized polycyclic bridgehead ketones.
Delinquency and risk factors: Rehabilitation and selected early childhood projects.
Creators: name: Ahrens, Steven.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Social Work.

description: This thesis reviewed longitudinal studies on risk factors that correlate to delinquency. These risk factors include inconsistent and uncaring parenting, peer influence, school-based problems, family deviance, childhood anti-social behavior and relative poverty. Meta-analysis studies on correctional rehabilitation programs showed that some of these risk factors are amenable to change through correctional rehabilitation programs. Longitudinal research studies on selected early childhood intervention projects have found that addressing several of these risk factors early in the childs' life holds considerable promise in reducing later delinquency in teen and adult years. Caution has to be exercised, as early childhood intervention is not a panacea. It is only one type of crime prevention program. Early childhood intervention programs may be one effective method that can be used to reduce crime. An effective program is one that addresses the scientifically identified risk factors to delinquency.
Finding Common Language: Assessing Use of the Term “Intellectual Disability” Among Genetic Counselors
Creators: name: Spivak, Natalie
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2013

description: Approximately 2.5 million Americans have an intellectual disability (ID). ID was commonly referred to as “mental retardation” until 2007 when one of the main organizations providing support for individuals with ID, the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (formerly known as the American Association on Mental Retardation) changed its name. The federal government followed suit in 2010 when Rosa’s law was enacted. This legislation required removal of the term “mental retardation” from several federal laws. The purpose of our study was to assess the language used by genetic counselors regarding ID. We recruited genetic counselors through the NSGC listserv for participation in an online, anonymous survey, which focused on terminology used by genetic counselors and their perceptions regarding the terminology used by patients and other healthcare providers. A total of 280 respondents completed the survey. Many respondents (56%) reported using the term “intellectual disability” often or all of the time, but 37% reported using the term “mental retardation” often or all of the time in their counseling sessions. Almost one-third (32%) of respondents reported that they choose terminology based on cultural appropriateness and 28% indicated that they choose terminology that patients are most familiar with. More than 50% of respondents reported that patients show a preference for the term “special needs,” while 18% reported that patients use “intellectual disability” often or all of the time. Over half (56%) of study participants reported that geneticists and non-geneticist physicians use the term “mental retardation” often or all of the time and only 3% reported that their workplace has a policy regarding terminology usage. Our findings demonstrate that there is still considerable variability in the terminology used by genetic counselors regarding ID. Future research efforts should be focused on exploring the meaning/impact of this terminology for patients and their families.
Studying The Linguistic and Psychological Markers in the Speech of Serial Killers
Creators: name: Bellara, Chirag Mahesh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing
classificationCode: 470499
subject: Linguistics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 520499
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 470403
subject: Computational linguistics
classificationCode: 470408
subject: Lexicography and semantics

description: Serial killers have long fascinated criminologists, psychologists, and forensic experts due to their complex psychological profiles and violent behaviors. While extensive research has explored their psychological traits, the linguistic patterns in their speech and writing remain an under-explored area of forensic analysis. This study investigates the psycholinguistic and behavioral markers in serial killer discourse using Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis, emotion classification, and forensic linguistics.The research leverages a comparative linguistic analysis between serial killer interview transcripts and non-criminal speech samples from the MediaSum dataset. Key linguistic dimensions such as deceptive language, emotional tone, cognitive complexity, and thematic structures are analyzed to identify distinguishing characteristics of serial killer communication. The study employs RoBERTa-based models for fine-grained sentiment and emotion tagging, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) for psycholinguistic profiling, and topic modeling for thematic extraction. Expert psychological profiles are incorporated to validate and triangulate the computational findings.Findings indicate that serial killers exhibit distinctive linguistic patterns characterized by reduced emotional expressiveness, increased self-referential language, higher cognitive load, and markers of manipulation and detachment. Compared to non-criminals, their language also reflects greater thematic focus on control and dominance. These insights not only contribute to the growing field of forensic linguistics but also illustrate the potential of AI-driven methods in augmenting criminal profiling and investigative strategies.Finally, the thesis addresses ethical considerations associated with the computational analysis of criminal language, particularly in contexts involving high-stakes forensic applications. This work underscores the interdisciplinary relevance of NLP, psychology, and criminology and proposes a scalable methodology for understanding violent criminal behavior through linguistic data.
title: Semantic Mediations Between Wolof and French in Two Novels of Aminata Sow Fall
Creators: name: Niang, Sada
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1992

description: Within the Sengalese literary context, Aminata Sow Fall's legacies are ambiguous. On the one hand, as was the case for all the writers of her generation, Senghor's French-determined modes of language use remained the only recognized and acclaimed model readily available to her. On the other hand, even though shunned by the local establishment, the ideology and modes of linguistic contextualization of an Ousmane Sembene were always in the background. The clash between these two creative and political poles never surfaced in literary terms. But one has a vivid memory of the vigorous, sometimes vitriolic debate that ensued the banning of Sembene's Ceddo on grounds that it contravened the presidential decree on the spelling of local Senegalese languages. Whether at some point in her career as a teacher or a cultural worker, Aminata Sow Fall was torn between these two pillars of Senegalese literature in French, may never be ascertained. Ideologically as well as stylistically, however, her practice stands as a direct and uneven bridge between these two literary antagonists.
THE EFFECTS OF TASK UNCERTAINTY, DECENTRALISATION AND ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS ON THE ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANG THREE WAY INTERACTION MODEL
Creators: name: Molanazari, Mahnaz
name: Elahe Abdolkarimi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150105 Management Accounting
subject: 150102 Auditing and Accountability
subject: 150107 Taxation Accounting
subject: 150103 Financial Accounting
subject: 150104 International Accounting

description: Accounting information system design, managementinformation system design, organizational design and othercontrol arrangements of the organization form a packagewhich can only be evaluated as a whole. Thus accountinginformation system could interact not only with organizationenvironment but also another control subsystem such asorganizational design to affect performance. Therefore, thisstudy examines the interaction effects of task uncertainty,decentralization and accounting information systemscharacteristics on the accounting information systemsperformance. Accounting information systems characteristics are defined in terms of the availability of those characteristics which were scope and aggregation. User satisfaction is a surrogate measure that is applied for measuring the performance of accounting information system. The responses of 60 financial managers drown from a cross section of Tehran Stock Exchange, to a questionnaire survey were analyzed by examining the regression equation for three way interaction model and partial derivatives of the equation. The results show that: a combination of a high degree of decentralization, broad scope and aggregated accounting information system information have a positive impact on the performance of the accounting information systems which act in a low or high task uncertainty situations.
Entangled Markets: Modeling Coastal Interaction in the Hellenistic Southern Levant (3rd century BCE - 1st century CE)
Creators: name: Constantine, Nicole
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ancient Israel
Israel Studies
Levantine Archaeology
Maritime Archaeology
Phoenicia
Social Network Analysis

description: In the middle of the 2nd century BCE, a group of wealthy Phoenicians constructed a monumental villa at Anafa in the rural Upper Galilee. They decorated the walls of their villa with painted and gilded stucco, constructed private baths, and imported Aegean wine, fine tablewares and delicate blown glass to Anafa in huge quantities (Herbert, 1979). The residents of Anafa relied on an intimate trading connection with the coast in order to access the finest luxury goods the Hellenistic eastern Mediterranean had to offer. The villa complex at Anafa is far from the sole indicator of the wealth and cosmopolitanism of the Galilee Region in the Middle Hellenistic period. When the Galilee was incorporated into the Roman client kingdom of Judea in 63 BCE the region looked entirely different. Small, isolated Jewish villages dotted the landscape. These communities constructed synagogues and Jewish ritual baths, largely consuming foodstuffs produced in the Galilee, eating and drinking from ceramic and stone vessels they made themselves. The coastal to inland highway on which imported goods had flowed freely in the 2nd century BCE was curtailed dramatically so that imported goods were not traded far beyond the region’s coastal plain. This research aims to explore the dramatic changes in coastal to inland trade that occurred during this period through the application of social network methodologies. This effort will elucidate the connective routes used by merchants to move goods from the coast inland in three subphases of the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods and explore how changes to the political, bureaucratic and social structure of the region may have affected this movement.
Random pulse artificial neural network architecture.
Creators: name: Zhao, Lichen.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: This thesis presents a modular hardware artificial neural network architecture using the random pulse data representation and processing. In random pulse machine, continuous variables can be represented as a probability of a pulse occurrence at a certain sampling time. Random pulse machines deal with analog variables while using digital technology to perform arithmetic and logic operations on binary pulses which are the information carries. Thus, large systems can be built to perform parallel analog computation on large amounts of input data using this technique. This is a good trade-off between the electronic circuit complexity and the computational accuracy and well suited for VLSI neural network. Simulations have been conducted to validate the performance of both 1-bit and 2-bit random pulse neural network. Perception application for linear classification and autoassociative memory for digit recognition are finally presented to illustrate the behavior of the developed artificial neural network.
Perioperative antibiotics in pediatric cardiac surgery: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Anand, Vijay
name: Bates, Angela
name: Featherstone, Robin
name: Murthy, Srinivas
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Post-operative infections in pediatric cardiac surgery are an ongoing clinical challenge, with rates between 1 and 20%. Perioperative antibiotics remain the standard for prevention of surgical-site infections, but the type of antibiotic and duration of administration remain poorly defined. Current levels of practice variation through informal surveys are very high. Rates of antibiotic-resistant organisms are increasing steadily around the world. Methods/design: We will identify all controlled observational studies and randomized controlled trials examining prophylactic antibiotic use in pediatric cardiac surgery. Data sources will include MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and proceedings from recent relevant scientific meetings. For each included study, we will conduct duplicate independent data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and evaluation of quality of evidence using the GRADE approach. Discussion: We will report the results of this review in agreement with the PRISMA statement and disseminate our findings at relevant critical care and cardiology conferences and through publication in peer-reviewed journals. We will use this systematic review to inform clinical guidelines, which will be disseminated in a separate stand-alone publication. Study registration number: PROSPERO CRD42016052978C
title: EXBODIMENT
title: TRANSFORMED SUBJECTIVITIES IN A THAI BHIKKHUNI TEMPLE
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Weber, Daphne
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Affect
Bhikkhuni
Embodiment
Gender
Self
Buddhism

description: This dissertation examines the process of subjective change among Thai Female Monks, formally known as bhikkhunis. Bhikkhunis are not socially recognized by broader institutions of Theravāda Buddhism, making their experiences an ideal study in how change happens. I present my idea of ExBodiment to analyze the process of change starting externally that the individual gradually internalizes. Through a presentation of multiple case studies, I am to shift ethnographic attention to the lived experiences of practitioners, significantly addressing what monastic ordination ‘did’ for them. These case studies highlight the profound impact of social perceptions on embodied practice, especially for a practice as controversial as bhikkhunis. I argue that the bhikkhunis’ teachings centered on bodily impermanence and nonself with gendered significance accompanies the external, affective change toward subjectivities. I analyze emotion as the pivotal mechanism for subjective change, as emotionality is situated both socially and personally. This dissertation offers implications for gender studies, Buddhist studies, affect theory, and theory of self. By unpacking the intricate process of change through ExBodiment, it advances our understanding of how external social forces intersect with internalized embodied practices to engender profound shifts in individual subjectivities among female monastics in the Thai Bhikkhuni Movement.
Generating a Map of Essential Genes in Haloferax volcanii Using CRISPRi
Creators: name: Walsh, McKenna Leigh
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2023
Subjects: CRISPRi
essentiality
essential genes
archaea
Haloferax volcanii
Molecular Genetics

description: Halophilic Haloferax volcanii is the most studied archaeon, and serves as a tool for researchers to study cellular evolution, shape transitions, and various other unique biologies that the archaeal domain of life perform. Although H. volcanii serves as a model organism for archaeal cell biology, nearly one third of its genes are annotated as hypothetical and have no functional prediction or clear homologs outside the archaeal domain (Kirkland et al. 2008). In this thesis, we generate a CRISPRi library that targets the expression of the majority of H. volcanii genes. With cells carrying the CRISPRi library under growth selection, we were able to parse essential from nonessential genes, thus aiding our ability to draw the first hierarchical map of important genes regardless of their putative annotation. From our screenings, we identified 96 essential genes (-2 log₂-fold change ≥), representing 3% of the targets in the genome. Of these genes, half are hypothetical or of no known function. Our findings constitute a vast list of gene candidates to be further investigated. 
Understanding Nation Branding: A “New Nationalism” in Germany
Creators: name: Bassey, Cocomma
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Nation Branding
Cultural Diplomacy
Public Diplomacy
German Nationalism
Germany

description: This thesis is a study of the phenomenon of nation branding, its relation to public diplomacy in international relations, and how the practice has been implemented in the Federal Republic of Germany. Methodologically, it uses scholarly literature, media sources, and publications from non-governmental organizations to examine the translation of nation branding into real world situations.\r A historical analysis of Germany is used to examine how the nation has dealt with its identity in the past. This is contrasted with the manner in which nation branding has aided the redevelopment of German identity since its 1990 reunification – both internally among its citizens, as well as externally from foreign perspectives. This thesis posits that although nation branding on its own has its limits, it has undoubtedly served as a very positive influence on Germany’s identity, all the while giving rise to a new form of German nationalism that has been more widely accepted on the global sphere.
title: Begünstigen längere Arbeitszeiten einen Burnout? Befragungsergebnisse zeichnen ein gemischtes Bild
Creators: name: Blöchinger, Lukas
name: Braunschweig, Luisa
name: Buhmann, Mara
name: Roth, Duncan
Publisher: name: Institut für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02qcqwf93
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Arbeitszeit
Beschäftigung
Burnout
Geschlechterunterschiede
psychische Gesundheit

description: Männer arbeiten im Schnitt deutlich länger als Frauen, leiden aber dennoch seltener unter einem Burnout. So lässt sich ein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen längeren Arbeitszeiten und Burnout-Symptomatik auch nur für Frauen nachweisen.
description: IAB-Forum, 2025-05-05.01
OpenFOAM script along with RheoTool package to perform the viscoelastic fluid simulations related to the article, "Suppression and augmentation in Worthington liquid jet height due to fluid elasticity"
Creators: name: Chauhan, Anant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This is an OpenFOAM (version 7) script, which also includes the RheoTool package (version 6) to run the viscoelastic simulations modeled using the Oldroyd-B viscoelastic model. The recently developed two-phase solver rheoInterFoam is utilized here to simulate a liquid droplet impacting on a deep liquid pool. Both the liquid droplet and the liquid pool are considered viscoelastic in nature, while the surrounding air is treated as a Newtonian fluid. The influence of increasing elasticity (quantified using the non-dimensional number, Weissenberg number) has been studied in detail. To deal with the High Weissenberg Number Problem (HWNP), log-conformation methodology has also been incorporated in the simulation setup to stabilize the numerical results. In particular, after the drop impacts the liquid pool, a crater is formed, followed by the formation of a liquid jet, which is popularly known as the Worthington liquid jet. Interestingly, as the extent of fluid elasticity is increased, the Worthington liquid jet height first decreases, reaches a minimum, and then again starts to increase to reach higher values than the Newtonian counterpart. Therefore, a non-monotonic trend exists in the maximum values of the Worthington liquid jet height as the extent of fluid elasticity is increased.
Le concept steinien de vérité transcendantale.
Creators: name: Beauvais Chantal.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Philosophy.

description: Cette thèse vise à montrer l'originalité philosophique d'Edith Stein en explorant la manière dont elle aborde le problème de la vérité transcendantale. Non satisfaite du paradigme épistémologique de la vérité, qui accentue trop l'ordre noétique (structures a priori de la conscience ou du sujet) et auquel la modernité souscrit volontiers, Edith Stein pense sur de nouveaux frais le concept de vérité transcendantale. L'originalité consiste en ce que sa solution au problème de la vérité constitue une refonte des acquis philosophiques médiévaux et contemporains. La vérité est toujours déjà constituée dans la coordination originaire («Zuordnung») entre l'esprit et de l'être. Autrement dit, la vérité fait partie de la facture du monde et engage obligatoirement l'existence et la pensée humaines. Le monde dans lequel nous déployons nos existences est fabriqué de telle sorte que l'esprit est ouvert sur l'intelligible et les êtres qui peuplent notre monde n'existent que pour faire comprendre quelque chose à l'intelligence. Ce quelque chose qui s'offre à la compréhension, c'est l'être. Aucun accord entre l'esprit et l'être, que ce soit sous la forme d'intentionnalité ou de compréhension, n'est possible si l'être ne se manifeste pas lui-même à l'esprit. Les étants portent en eux-mêmes une aptitude à être expérimentées comme «vrais». C'est cette aptitude que l'on vise avec le concept de vérité ontologique. Mais le concept de vérité transcendantale va plus loin que la vérité ontologique. La vérité transcendantale vise en effet l'accord fondamental et fondationnel toujours déjà donné entre l'ordre noétique et l'ordre ontique, entre l'esprit et l'être.
On the biological bases of extraversion: Sensory and motor considerations.
Creators: name: Doucet, Cynthia.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Women's Studies.

description: Using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, 67 female subjects were classified into three extraversion groups, introverts, ambiverts, and extraverts. Event-related brain potentials were recorded concurrently with response time measures as participants performed simple reaction time and stimulus-response compatibility tasks. Response time was differentiated into reaction time and movement time. The auditory simple reaction time task varied motor task requirements by varying the distance of the response button from the home button, and also varied stimulus intensity. The stimulus-response compatibility task varied stimulus evaluation demands by using arrays comprised of a middle arrow with flankers either congruent or incongruent with its direction, and varied response requirements by using instructions indicating whether the response was compatible or incompatible with the direction of the middle arrow. There was no overall effect of extraversion group on P3 latency or RT. Group differences were apparent, however, on measures of N1 amplitude, with introverts displaying larger amplitudes than extraverts. This result is consistent with introverts' greater reactivity to stimulation than extraverts. Behaviourally, on both tasks, extraverts tended to have faster movement times than introverts. Further, on the simple reaction time task, the magnitude of the difference in movement time between introverts and extraverts remained constant across the response button distances, indicating that the differences are occurring in the initial phase of the movement, rather than in the ballistic phase. These results are in accordance with a sensory-motor theory of extraversion that underscores the importance of reactivity to sensory stimuli, and speed of motor responding.
Supplemented Success? Understanding the Role of Nonprofits in Supporting Public Schools
Creators: name: Lazar, Zoe Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational Partnerships
Educational Planning or Policy
Nonprofit Organizations

description: This thesis explores the relationships between nonprofits and public schools, particularly how key stakeholders in education conceptualize the model of an outside organization stepping in to provide something that public schools alone cannot. The research uncovered how larger education and sociological theory can become a lens to look at the programming and offerings to uncover their understood purpose. Through twelve in-depth interviews, twenty-seven survey responses and an analysis of public nonprofit and school documents themes emerged on the partnerships and their purpose. While nonprofits enter public schools for a variety of reasons, the purpose and impact can be understood in different ways. Communication was an unexpected topic within this study, as it emerged as a crucial aspect of how these partnerships operate and are understood. The findings suggest that communication between schools and nonprofits works best when customized to the relationship but always follows the needs of school-based educators and students first. The purpose of these partnerships is largely seen as a tool to provide services often framed as opportunities that promote equity. However, the shortcomings of finances and the nonprofit model's tendency to struggle with consistent funding were frequently discussed. The research project provides data that can support education decision-makers as they look to create partnerships between schools and nonprofits. Overall, the data offers nuanced and specific findings, and the largest takeaways are the importance of communication, the value add of opportunities, and the way that a variety of challenges shape perceived impact and role of nonprofit partnerships. 
YouTube star PewDiePie rails against 'the media', but he’s a part of it too now
Creators: name: Golding, Dan
name: McCosker, Anthony
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: PewDiePie – the online alias of Felix Kjellberg - is a bit of an enigma. Here is a man who made US$15m (A$19.5m) in 2016 playing videogames on YouTube for his audience of nearly 54 million subscribers, the largest in the world. Last week, though, PewDiePie's business partners Disney and YouTube began withdrawing support following an anti-semitic "joke" in one of his video blogs. PewDiePie's response was to admit some culpability, but also to attack the messenger - which in this case was The Wall Street Journal, with its print circulation of around 2.5 million and an online reach of 20 million readers a month.
One Person, One Vote…One Time? The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood as Moderates and Democrats from Inception to the Present
Creators: name: Kessler, Harrison
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Muslim Brotherhood
Islamic fundamentalism
Egypt

description: Some question the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood’s motives for demanding democratic and social reforms, and whether the members of the Brotherhood are indeed democrats. In order to explore the ideology behind the modern Brotherhood, the This paper will survey the roots of Brotherhood ideology as reflected by its major figures such as founder Hassan al-Banna, as well as his successor, Hassan al-Hudaybi. It was al-Hudaybi in particular who established the identity that the Brotherhood holds today through his appeals for moderation and non-violence. Additionally, many view the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt as the legitimate voice of the Egyptian people in the backdrop of an authoritarian government. The Muslim Brotherhood has gradually become more active in the Egyptian political arena, to the extent that some consider it to be as much a political organization as it is a religious one. Though banned from running candidates in parliamentary elections, there are still dozens of independent members of parliament associated with the Muslim Brotherhood. This paper explores the various ambiguities associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and its calls for political and civic and change in Egypt.
The performance of the Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression dif detection procedures across sample size and effect size: A Monte Carlo study.
Creators: name: Hadley, Patrick.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Education, Tests and Measurements.

description: In recent years, public attention has become focused on the issue of test and item bias in standardized tests. Since the 1980's, the Mantel-Haenszel (Holland & Thayer, 1986) and Logistic Regression procedures (Swaminathan & Rogers, 1990) have been developed to detect item bias, or differential item functioning (dif). In this study the effectiveness of the MH and LR procedures was compared under a variety of conditions, using simulated data. The ability of the MH and LR to detect dif was tested at sample sizes of 100/100, 200/200, 400/400, 600/600, and 800/800. The simulated test had 66 items, the first 33 items with item discrimination ("a") set at 0.80, the second 33 items with "a" set at 1.20. The pseudo-guessing parameter ("c") was 0.15 for all items. The item difficulty ("b") parameter ranged from $-$2.00 to 2.00 in increments of 0.125 for the first 33 items, and again for the second 33 items. Both the MH and LRU detected dif with a high degree of success whenever sample size was large (600 or more), especially when effect size, no matter how measured, was also large. The LRU outperformed the MH marginally under almost every condition of the study. However, the LRU also had a higher false-positive rate than the MH, a finding consistent with previous studies (Pang et al., 1994, Tian et al., 1994a, 1994b). Since the "a" and "b" parameters which underly the computation of the three measures of effect size used in the study are not always determinable in data derived from real world test administrations, it may be that the $\Delta\sb{\rm MH}$ is the best available measure of effect size in real world test items. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
PF-OBS: A proportionally fair congestion avoidance algorithm for Optical Burst Switching networks
Creators: name: Andrianirina, Heriniaina Philibert
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: Optical Burst Switching (OBS) is an optical switching technique which eliminates the electronic bottleneck by keeping transmitted data in the optical domain. Therefore, it can effectively utilize the large bandwidth available in optical fibres. For these reasons, OBS is considered the future of optical networks. However, burst loss caused by congestion is a significant problem in OBS because flexible, practical optical buffers currently do not exist. This thesis proposes a rate-based congestion control method, called PF-OBS, which limits the blocking probability in OBS networks. PF-OBS uses a utility maximization approach to congestion control. The method assigns prices to congested links. Ingress nodes receive bandwidth proportionally to the price they are willing to pay. The resulting rate allocation is proportionally fair. The method can keep the traffic load on all links under a predefined level. Simulations show that PF-OBS maintains the overall blocking probability at lower levels as compared with plain OBS. In addition, PF-OBS achieves higher total throughput than existing OBS flow control methods. The method remains stable in the presence of propagation delays.
Why Wait? Identifying State Motives for Gaining IO Authorization When Going to War
Creators: name: Walter, Jason
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: International Organizations
subject: United Nations
subject: Peace and Conflict Studies
subject: International Relations
subject: North Atlantic Treaty Org (Nato)
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This thesis seeks to identify why states would gain authorization from international organizations (IOs) when going to war. While IO processes to authorize or deny the use of force, such as the UN Security Council, have long been presented as ways to work towards a more peaceful world, states rarely take advantage of them. Using declassified materials made available through presidential libraries, I have analyzed the diplomatic strategy of the U.S. in the lead-up to two key conflicts where it gained IO authorization of the use of force: the Gulf War in 1991 and the Kosovo War in 1999. I have found that the decision to seek IO authorization can be explained by the coercing state’s desire to signal resolve to the target state, in the hope that it takes threats seriously and stands down, and the pressure on the coercing state from key allies to follow a diplomatic process instead of rushing to war. This contrasts with motivations identified by the existing literature, which tends to solely emphasize either instrumental or normative explanations for state action. By combining elements of both groups of theories and identifying key caveats in my own argument, I create an account of motivations for seeking IO authorization of the use of force that can more accurately explain state behavior in a much larger group of cases.
Conception et réalisation d'une antenne multibandes alimentée par un guide d'onde coplanaire CPW
Creators: name: Belguessoum, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: For application in wireless communication devices such as laptops, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and so on, a narrow width internal antenna is very attractive since it has the potential to fit into narrow spaces within the device, such as the space between the display and housing. Recently, great advances have been made in wireless local area network (WLAN) communications, and in order to satisfy WLAN standards, many wireless communication devices are now designed to be capable to operate in dual-frequencies mode. For this reason, dual-band antennas for WLAN operation are in demand accordingly. Dual-frequency of coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed microstrip patch antennas is presented in this thesis. For excitation of the proposed antennas, the capacitively coupled CPW-fed structures are proposed. One of the most promising aspects of the new antenna consists in the capability of matching the input impedance at two frequencies with a single feed point. For dual-frequency operation, the proposed designs are obtained by loading one narrow slot in the rectangular patch. An extended tunable frequency ratio range of the two operating frequencies can be obtained by varying the widths or positions of the loaded slots. In addition, experimental results for the proposed structures are presented and discussed.
Civic Nature: Place, Values, and the Environmental Transformations of Early Nineteenth Century Boston
Creators: name: Lynch, Christopher
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Boston
Urban Environmental History
Nineteenth Century

description: This study examines the environmental transformations of Boston, Massachusetts, in the early nineteenth century to assess the perceived separation between urban and natural environments. Romanticism, a dominant theme of 19th century environmental thought, typically presumed a separation between cities and nature: for example nature had to be brought in to the city through parks and rural cemeteries. However, many environmental historians have found this assumed separation to be false by showing, for instance, the unexpected agency of nature in built environments or the economic dependence of cities on natural and rural hinterlands. This paper instead analyzes the problem from the angle of civic ideology. By examining the popular discourse surrounding three major issues concerning environmental change in Boston – the filling of Mill Pond, the reduction of Beacon Hill’s summit, and the proposed housing development on the mud flats at the bottom of Boston Common (now the Public Garden) – this paper finds that Boston’s residents democratically exercised common property rights to achieve the best public good. In the debates that determined how best to use this property, people who fought to preserve these places claimed that these natural areas were essential components of Boston’s civic identity, proclaiming a love of civic place premised on non-instrumental valuations of nature. These Bostonians displayed an intimate connection to nature in the city that was often couched in romantic language but fused love of nature with love of city, therefore making no presumed distinction between the two and displaying an impulse to appreciate nature that has usually been conceived as accessible only outside urban settings.
Adaptive watermarking algorithms for MP3 compressed audio signals
Creators: name: Chen, Bingwei
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Music.
subject: Computer Science.

description: MPEG-1 Layer 3, known as MP3, has generated a significant popularity for distributing digital music over the Internet. MP3 compresses digital music with high ratio while keeping high sound quality. However, copyright issue is raised because of illegal copy, redistribution and various malicious attacks. Digital watermarking is a technology that allows users to embed some imperceptible data into digital contents such as image, movie and audio data. Once a watermark is embedded into the original MP3 signal, it can be used to identify the copyright holder in order to prevent illegal copy and to verify the modification from the original content. This thesis presents two novel adaptive watermarking algorithms for MP3 compressed audio signals for copyright protection. Based on Human Auditory System, the proposed algorithms calculate the energy of the original audio signal and apply Gaussian analysis on MP3 frames to adaptively adjust the watermarking coefficients. Watermark is embedded adaptively and transparently during the MP3 compression. The first watermarking algorithm detects watermark based on Gaussian distribution analysis. To enhance the security of the watermark, the second watermarking algorithm embeds random watermark pattern and uses correlation coefficient to detect watermark. Both algorithms support blind watermark detection and perform well. The first algorithm is more robust while the second algorithm is more secure. LAME 3.96.2 open source was used as standard ISO MP3 encoder and decoder reference in this study. The experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithms can work on a variety of audio signals and survive most common signal manipulation and malicious attacks. As expected, the watermarking algorithms provide superior performance on MP3 compression.
Mineralocorticoid receptors and ionic regulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Creators: name: Bell, Matthew J
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biology, Animal Physiology.
subject: Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture.

description: The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) was recently cloned from two fish species, Haplochromis burtoni (H. burtoni; hbMR) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; rtMR). The objectives of the present study were to detect MR protein expression in rainbow trout ionoregulatory tissues, namely the gill and kidney, as well as to use the mammalian MR agonist aldosterone to selectively target and activate the rainbow trout MR to observe its effects on renal and branchial ionic regulation. Through immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis using a heterologous antibody, MR protein expression was detected at the gill. Immunohistochemical analysis and flow cytometry data indicated that there was a high degree of colocalization of the rtMR to Na+-K+-ATPase rich cells at the gill, supporting the hypothesis that the rtMR is involved in branchial ionic regulation. Additionally, acute aldosterone treatment, but not cortisol treatment, stimulated a decrease in urine flow rate (UFR) and urinary sodium excretion at 1.5 h post-injection. The decrease in UFR occurred without any change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), suggesting that the aldosterone-induced decrease in UFR was the result of increased tubular reabsorption of water, which in turn was presumably stimulated by enhanced Na+ reabsorption. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the rtMR is involved in renal and branchial ionic regulation and help to clarify the mechanisms through which corticosteroid-mediated ionic regulation occurs in euryhaline teleosts.
Gertsenshtein–Zel’dovich effect: a plausible explanation for fast radio bursts?
Creators: name: Kushwaha, Ashu
name: Malik, Sunil
name: Shankaranarayanan, S.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 520
subject: physical data and processes: gravitational waves
subject: magnetic fields
subject: methods: analytical
subject: stars: neutron
subject: pulsars: general
subject: fast radio bursts: general

description: We present a novel model that may provide an interpretation for a class of non-repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) – short (⁠|$\lt 1~\rm {s}$|⁠), bright (⁠|$0.1 - 1000~\rm {Jy}$|⁠) bursts of MHz–GHz frequency radio waves. The model has three ingredients – compact object, a progenitor with effective magnetic field strength around 10^10 Gauss, and high-frequency (MHz–GHz) gravitational waves (GWs). At resonance, the energy conversion from GWs to electromagnetic waves occurs when GWs pass through the magnetosphere of such compact objects due to the Gertsenshtein–Zel’dovich effect. This conversion produces bursts of electromagnetic waves in the MHz–GHz range, leading to FRBs. Our model has three key features: (i) predict peak flux, (ii) can naturally explain the pulse width, and (iii) coherent nature of FRB. We thus conclude that the neutron star/magnetar could be the progenitor of FRBs. Further, our model offers a novel perspective on the indirection detection of GWs at high-frequency beyond detection capabilities. Thus, transient events like FRBs are a rich source for the current era of multi-messenger astronomy.