cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Process Optimization for Pulse Reverse Electrodeposition of Graphene Reinforced Copper Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Chokkakula L. P. Pavithra
name: Bulusu V. Sarada
name: Koteswararao V. Rajulapati
name: Tata N. Rao
name: G. Sundararajan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering

description: ABSTRACTIn the present study, processing of graphene reinforced copper nanocomposite foils with homogenous dispersion of graphene throughout the matrix, exhibiting good mechanical properties by a simple, cost effective and scalable pulse reverse electrodeposition technique (PRED) with special focus on the influence of graphene content in the electrolyte to tailor the properties. A systematic approach has been adopted for enhancing the properties. Distribution of graphene nanosheets in the copper metal matrix and the microstructural properties have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Interesting observations have been made from nanoindentation studies, where, hardness (∼2.7 GPa) enhanced mainly with increase in graphene content (0-0.75 g/L), while maximum elastic modulus (∼139 GPa) is achieved for a graphene content of 0.5 g/L in the electrolyte. Four-point probe testing has been adopted to evaluate the electrical features. The major contribution in enhancement of properties is found to be the presence of graphene and its uniform individual dispersion and distribution as nanosheets in the copper matrix.
Additional file 2 of What works in appraisal meetings for newly graduated doctors? – and what doesn’t?
Creators: name: Møller, Marianne Kleis
name: Sørensen, Anita
name: Andreassen, Pernille
name: Malling, Bente
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Efficient synthetic route toward biologically active γ-carboline derivatives
Creators: name: Dattatray G. Hingane
name: Parekh, Nikita P.
name: Khan, Ayesha
name: Kusurkar, Radhika S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An efficient and short route was established for the synthesis of anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus agents, namely 4-methyl-γ-carboline (SK4M) 1, 3-methyl-γ-carboline (SK3M) 2, 5-methyl-γ-carboline (SK5M) 3, and a new γ-carboline derivative 4, using thermal electrocyclization reaction as a key step. The evaluation of cytotoxicity of compound 4 against human cervical cancer cell line HeLa and leukemic cell line HL-60 furnished CC50 value of 19.5 and 18.8 µM respectively.
Geschichte der Simulation / Simulation der Geschichte. Eine Einführung
Creators: name: Scheuermann, Leif
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Simulation ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer der zentralen Methoden der Beweisführung in den Natur- und Technikwissenschaften avanciert. In den historischen Wissenschaften hingegen spielt sie bis dato eine weitestgehend periphere Rolle, was nicht zuletzt am fehlenden Bewusstsein der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Technologie liegt. In einem doppelten Ansatz versucht der folgende Beitrag Abhilfe zu schaffen, indem er zum einen die historische Entwicklung der Technologie betrachtet, um daraus eine Begriffsbestimmung abzuleiten, und zum anderen wird der theoretische Mehrwert bzw. die Grenzen und Risiken für ihren Einsatz in den Geschichtswissenschaften sowie die bestehenden Ansätze der Nutzung in den Altertumswissenschaften thematisiert. Nach einer generellen Betrachtung von Simulationen zur Antike fokussiert der Beitrag auf die Nutzung der Simulationstechnologie für die Erforschung von Transport und Verkehr in der Antike und schließt mit der Vorstellung von Überlegungen zur Umsetzung einer dynamischen Simulation antiker Transportzeiten.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Donauschifffahrt im Ingolstädter Becken in römischer Zeit – von der Rekonstruktion bis zur Reisezeit
Creators: name: Arauner, Uwe
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Rekonstruktion einer wassergeprägten Flusslandschaft im Ingolstädter Becken in römischer Zeit und der Frage nach der Simulation von damaligen Reisezeiten. Hierzu wurden Leistungsdaten rekonstruierter römischer Militärschiffe mit den Verhältnissen eines antiken Flussverlaufs verknüpft, mit dem Ziel, realitätsnahe quantifizierbare Prognosen für die römerzeitliche Binnenschifffahrt zu gewinnen.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Commentary
Creators: name: Spickermann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: In conclusion to the thematic issue of the Digital Classics Online – "Simulation of Trade and Traffic in Antiquity", this paper gives a comment in English, which summarizes the main statements of the contributions and embeds them in a wider context.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Additional file 1 of Changed health behavior improves subjective well-being and vice versa in a follow-up of 9 years
Creators: name: Stenlund, Säde
name: Koivumaa-Honkanen, Heli
name: Sillanmäki, Lauri
name: Lagström, Hanna
name: Rautava, Päivi
name: Suominen, Sakari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. List of diseases and life events.
Connectivity in the Scheldt Basin: The role of the river Scheldt in the Roman-era transport network
Creators: name: Bongers, Toon
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Historical-archaeological research has argued that waterways were the most efficient means of transporting goods. Nevertheless, little systematic research has been done on the use of waterways in northern Gaul. This study assesses the potential of the river Scheldt as a transport corridor. It starts with a general characterisation of the river basin and a reconstruction of the Roman-era transport network, arguing that the necessary investments in fluvial transport were made. Both the settlement pattern, the level of economic activity, and the epigraphical evidence displays a peak in riverine and maritime trade during the second and the beginning of the third century. The results of the GIS-based cost-distance and accessibility analysis reveal a well-connected region, strategically situated between northern France, the North Sea coast, and the Rhine frontier. Although seasonal rivers were essential in minimizing transport costs, the accessibility of sites primarily depended on access to the road network.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Increased frequency of involuntary semantic memories or mind-pops in schizophrenia: a diary study
Creators: name: Elua, Ia
name: Laws, Keith R.
name: Kvavilashvili, Lia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Hallucinations constitute a prominent symptom of schizophrenia and may take a variety of forms (verbal, visual, musical, or environmental noises). Interesting similarities exist between hallucinations and so-called mind-pops which refer to isolated fragments of one's semantic knowledge (e.g., a word/sentence, visual image, or a song/melody) that come to mind unexpectedly, often without any obvious triggers, and are difficult to control. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether mind-pops may constitute the raw cognitive material from which hallucinations are constructed by studying the nature and frequency of mind-pops in the everyday life of people with schizophrenia and non-clinical controls. Methods: Eleven participants with schizophrenia and 14 non-clinical controls kept a diary of their mind-pops for seven days and completed a brief questionnaire every time they had a mind-pop. Results: Schizophrenia participants reported significantly more verbal and image mind-pops than controls and their content was negative more often than in controls. No group differences were obtained in terms of reported triggers or ongoing activities. Data from both groups also supported the priming hypothesis by showing that stimuli encountered in one's environment or thoughts could later re-appear in the form of a mind-pop. Conclusions: The findings have implications for models of schizophrenia that emphasise the role of intrusive thoughts and memories in the aetiology and development of key psychotic symptoms.
„… treidelten wir das Schiff mit Mühe in den Hafen des Arsinoites“ – Überlegungen zu den Akteuren in der Binnenschifffahrt und zu Quantifizierungsmöglichkeiten
Creators: name: Reinard, Patrick
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Über die wirtschaftsgeschichtliche Bedeutung der Binnenschifffahrt und ihre Effizienz sind nur wenige exakte Daten aus antiken Quellen zu entnehmen. Zwar gibt es zahlreiches archäologisches Material und auch vereinzelte schriftliche Erwähnung in papyrologischen und literarischen Quellen, aber in Ermanglung genauer Daten zu Segeleigenschaften von Flussschiffen und der körperlichen Belastung des Treidels gegen die Fließrichtung war eine Effizienzbestimmung bisher unmöglich. Anhand neuer experimentalarchäologischer Daten, die im Rahmen eines Trierer Forschungsprojektes erarbeitet werden konnten, liegen nun insbesondere für das Treideln eines kleineren Blattbodenschiffe (sog. Prahme) erstmals exakte Daten vor. Diese erlauben genaue Bestimmungen von Personalkosten und Transportgeschwindigkeit sowie allgemeine Ableitungen über die Effizienz der Binnenschifffahrt.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Interpretation of the reduced density gradient
Creators: name: Boto, Roberto A.
name: Contreras-García, Julia
name: Tierny, Julien
name: Jean-Philip Piquemal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An interpretation of the reduced density gradient in terms of the bosonic kinetic energy density is presented. Contrary to other bonding indicators based on the kinetic energy density, such as the localised orbital locator (LOL) or the electron localisation function, the reduced density gradient is not only able to identify covalent bondings, but also ionic and non-covalent interactions. This study reveals that the critical points of the reduced density gradient are closely connected with those of the LOL and with the roots of the one-electron potential.
Jak debatować po japońsku?
Creators: name: Olszewski, Krzysztof Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: debate
panel discussion
討論

description: Prezentacja ukazująca kilkadziesiąt wyrażeń pomocnych przy prowadzeniu lub uczestnictwie w debacie, dyskusji panelowej w języku japońskim. Poziom: B1-B2.
Zur Rekonstruktion antiker Verkehrswege
Creators: name: Tausend, Klaus
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Die Rekonstruktion antiker Verkehrswege basiert hauptsächlich auf folgenden Quellen:
1. Beschreibung antiker Autoren (z.B. Pausanias, Strabon) von Marsch- und Reiserouten.
2. natürliche Gegebenheiten (Flüsse, Berge etc.) anhand moderner Karten.
3. Reisebeschreibungen und Karten des 18./19. Jahrhunderts, da die Verhältnisse jener Zeit den antiken oft weitgehend entsprochen haben.
4. Spuren antiker Straßen im Gelände (Brücken, Pflasterung, Wagenspuren).
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Quantifizierung und Modellierung von antiken Handels-Transportbedingungen – aus ökonomischer Sicht
Creators: name: Fellmeth, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Was kann die Wirtschaftsgeschichte zu einer "Simulation von Handel und Verkehr in der Antike" beitragen? Es wird gezeigt, dass das Arbeiten mit Frachtkosten in absoluten Zahlen irreführend ist. Deshalb erscheint es richtiger, Gewinne und Kosten von Handelstransaktionen im Verhältnis zum Warenwert auszudrücken und die Rentabilität solcher Transaktionen nie aus den Augen zu verlieren. Der Stand der Forschung über den Handel in der Antike (lokaler, regionaler und Fernhandel) liefert Ergebnisse, die viel zu grob sind und nicht die Grundlage für eine Simulation bilden können. Hier wird eine Methode vorgeschlagen, die, ausgehend von aus Quellen bekannten Handelsereignissen, Erträge, Kosten und Rentabilität in mathematischen Gleichungen/Algorithmen zusammenfasst. Die jeweiligen Variablen der Gleichung werden dann Schritt für Schritt angepasst, um eine angemessene Rentabilität zu erreichen. Die auf diese Weise gefundenen Werte werden auf der Grundlage verschiedener Handelsereignisse angepasst und gleichzeitig schrittweise konsolidiert. Solche Gleichungen könnten möglicherweise in einer Simulation von Handel und Transport verwendet werden. Freilich müssten für bestimmte Warengruppen, Verkehrsträger, Regionen und Zeiträume separate Modelle erstellt werden. Ob eine solche Sammlung von recht komplexen Modellen als Grundlage für eine allgemeine "Simulation von Handel und Transport in der Antike" dienen könnte, erscheint zweifelhaft.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 6,1 (2020)
Green and Highly Efficient Synthesis of Pyranopyrazoles in Choline Chloride/Urea Deep Eutectic Solvent
Creators: name: Adeleh Moshtaghi Zonouz
name: Davood Moghani
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A simple and efficient multi-component protocol, using ammonium deep eutectic solvent as a dual catalyst and environmentally benign reaction medium, is developed for the synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. This operationally simple protocol does not involve tedious work-up or purification affording the target compounds in short reaction times and excellent yields, and avoiding the use of environmentally hazardous solvents and catalysts.
Additional file 4 of Comparative transcriptomic analyses of citrus cold-resistant vs. sensitive rootstocks might suggest a relevant role of ABA signaling in triggering cold scion adaption
Creators: name: Primo-Capella, Amparo
name: Forner-Giner, María Ángeles
name: Martínez-Cuenca, Mary-Rus
name: Terol, Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4:Additional Table 2. Raw data lectures in European Nucleotide Archive.
Contemporary Discourses of Green Political Economy: A Q Method Analysis
Creators: name: Stevenson, Hayley
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: For over two decades, the concept of sustainable development has been salient in political discourse. But its promise of reconciling economic development, social welfare, and environmental sustainability has proven rather elusive. In recent years, we've seen numerous competing concepts emerge in debates about sustainable economic development. While many advance ideas of a green economy and green growth, others talk about wellbeing, gross national happiness, inclusive wealth, harmony with nature, de-growth, steady-state economy, and buenvivir (living well). This rhetorical diversity shows that there is no single vision for reconciling environmental sustainability and economic development. But the varied terminology itself obscures actual points of agreement and disagreement. This article reports on a bilingual ‘Q study’ of international debates about sustainable economic development. It reveals that three discourses underpin these debates: Radical Transformationism; Cooperative Reformism; and Statist Progressivism. The article dissects these discourses and contextualizes their key points of contention in wider sustainability debates over the past two decades.
Violence and the Sea: A Digital Analysis of Maritime Acts of Violence Committed by Alcibiades as Described by Thucydides, Xenophon, and Plutarch
Creators: name: Riess, Werner
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: In comparing the patterns of violence committed by Alcibiades in the works of Thucydides, Plutarch, and Xenophon, significant differences emerge in the focus of the three authors and can be represented visually by “Eris. The Hamburg Information System on the Representation of Greek and Roman Violence.” The fact that the interpretation of graphic findings – that is, second-order categories – nevertheless leads to highly plausible results demonstrates that this proof of concept was successful. The plausible results also suggest that, by using Eris, we will find previously undiscovered patterns of violence in the investigation of the big data of ancient texts. Graphs will thus serve as sources of inspiration that will open up new questions that have not yet entered our thinking due to the vast volumes of data.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,2 (2019)
Additional file 1 of Clinical variation in the organization of clinical pathways in esophagogastric cancer, a mixed method multiple case study
Creators: name: Luijten, J. C. H. B. M.
name: Vissers, P. A. J.
name: Brom, L.
name: de Bièvre, M.
name: Buijsen, J.
name: Rozema, T.
name: Mohammad, N. Haj
name: van Duijvendijk, P.
name: Kouwenhoven, E. A.
name: Eshuis, W. J.
name: Rosman, C.
name: Siersema, P. D.
name: van Laarhoven, H. W. M.
name: Verhoeven, R. H. A.
name: Nieuwenhuijzen, G. A. P.
name: Westerman, M. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Correlations between fatigue and disease duration, disease activity, and pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review
Creators: name: S Groth Madsen
name: B Danneskiold-Samsøe
name: A Stockmarr
name: EM Bartels
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients suffer from disabling fatigue but the causes of this condition are unknown. Our aim was to assess which of the variables disease activity, disease duration, and pain is associated with fatigue. Method: We conducted a systematic literature search in MEDLINE and EMBASE, followed by selection of studies according to set criteria, data extraction, and statistical analyses of the relationships in RA between fatigue and the following covariates: disease duration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28), swollen to tender joint count ratio (STR), and pain. Linear regression analyses of fatigue regressed on each of the six covariates, and a multiple regression analysis where fatigue was regressed on the six covariates through a forward selection procedure was carried out with construction of correlation measures between fatigue and the covariates. Results: A total of 121 studies were included in the analyses, including > 100 000 RA patients. A high level of fatigue was seen even in well-treated patients, demonstrating fatigue as a major problem in RA. Fatigue was found to be positively correlated with pain, CRP, DAS28, and ESR but not with the STR or disease duration, with pain as the overall domineering factor. Conclusions: Fatigue has a substantial influence on the lives of RA patients, independent of disease duration. Pain is the domineering factor in the experience and degree of fatigue. Disease activity is positively correlated to fatigue but does not contribute substantially when pain is considered. Optimal pain relief is therefore an important part of the treatment to improve fatigue in RA.
Additional file 1 of Characteristics, barriers, and career intentions of a national cohort of LGBTQ+ MD/PhD and DO/PhD trainees
Creators: name: Marr, Mollie C.
name: Heffron, Anna S.
name: Kwan, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Simulation als Methode für die Altertumswissenschaften
Creators: name: Scheuermann, Leif
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: Der folgende Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel computerbasierte Simulation als Methode für die digitalen Altertumswissenschaften einzuführen. Hierfür erfolgt methodologisch-theoretisch eine Klärung des modernen Begriffs Simulation und daran anschließend die Frage, in welchen methodologischen Mehrwert Simulationen für die Altertumswissenschaften besitzen können, und welche Grenzen dieser Herangehensweise an die Antike gesetzt sind.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,2 (2019)
Process of record linkage on Roman epigraphical sources
Creators: name: Varga, Rada
name: Lumezeanu, Angela
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: The proposed paper explores the methodological and practical aspects of linking individuals extracted from ancient epigraphic sources. We are extracting our information from Romans1by1, a population database for persons attested in ancient epigraphy. Built as a MySQL relational database, it follows the best practice models for population databases, thus being distinct from the platforms focused on hosting and offering various types of repertoires of sources. R1by1 deals with people attested epigraphically in the Roman provinces and the architecture of the metadata was designed to facilitate research (mainly) pertaining to prosopography and SNA.


As far as we know, record linkage has not been applied to people extracted from epigraphy so far. Record linkage is a procedure used for finding double data, standardization and data matching across different data sources (Hin et al. 2016). Many historical databases contain data entry errors such as misspellings, or the parameters for an individual change over time (moving to another place, changing occupation, gaining different titles, etc.). In order to have a successful linkage, data cleaning and standardization are important steps. A method used for record linkage is calculating the Jaro-Winkler distance: measuring the similarities between 2 strings (sequence of characters like names, places, occupations etc.), we get a 0 score for 0 matches, while a perfect match equals 1. In the end, a good record linkage will provide a base for analysing social mobility, mortality, migration and reconstructing population patterns.   


The data extracted from epigraphical material is not very rich and the number of missing variables is large. So, in order to test the linkage possibilities, we are using a semi-automated method. Employing a series of procedures written in Sql language the computer is going to compile a file with the probable identifications of same individuals from the Romans1by1 database. As variables used for linking we include: praenomen, nomen, cognomen, occupation, tribus, origo/domus etc.. To verify if the individuals are correctly linked we are going to do a manual check (in this phase, relations and other people attested on the same monuments will be paramount). Thus, we are able to establish some basic rules for the linking process. We believe that the method of record linkage is very useful in identifying connections between individuals otherwise not visible, especially when working with “big data” (as for historical data, not the sociological big data).


Our paper aims not merely at presenting preliminary results of these efforts, but more importantly at detailing the methodological and technical guidelines of the record linkage procedure.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,2 (2019)
Isonomie als essentially contested concept
Creators: name: Lancaster, Kelly
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2020

description: ‚Isonomie‘ war ein philosophisch geprägter und positiv konnotierter Begriff der politischen Sprache zu Ende der Archaik und der Antike. Es wird dahingehend untersucht, ob und inwieweit es sich bei ‚Isonomie‘ um ein sog. essentially contested concept handelt, also der Begriff konzeptuell vage, d. h. offen für Interpretationen, ist und sich als eine radial category fassen lässt. Ein notwendigerweise strittige Begriff besitzt einen unterkomplexen Kern und variierende Attribute, die dessen Subtypen definieren. Die verschiedenen zeitlichen und räumlichen Auslegungen und Widersprüche werden dargelegt. Anschließend wird durch einen kognititionstheoretischen Ansatz der Konzeptdefinition und Kategorisierung aufgezeigt, welche Frames die jeweiligen Subtypen systematisch generieren und den Status eines essentially contested concept für Isonomie untermauern.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,2 (2019)
Identification and characterization of five polymorphic microsatellite loci in the freshwater copepod Hemidiaptomus gurneyi (Copepoda: Calanoida: Diaptomidae)
Creators: name: F. Marrone
name: K. Havenstein
name: R. Tiedemann
name: V. Ketmaier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Hemidiaptomus diaptomid copepods are known to be excellent biological indicators for the highly biodiverse crustacean communities inhabiting Mediterranean temporary ponds (MTPs), an endangered inland water habitat whose conservation is considered a priority according to the “Habitat Directive” of the European Union. This study reports on the characterization of five polymorphic microsatellite loci in Hemidiaptomus gurneyi, to be used as markers for fine-scale studies on the population genetic structure and metapopulation dynamics of a typical and obligate MTP dweller. The five selected loci proved to be polymorphic in the species, with three to five polymorphic loci per studied population. Overall, mean heterozygosity scored for all loci and populations was lower than that reported for the few other diaptomid species for which microsatellite loci have been to date described; this is possibly due to the intrinsically fragmented and isolated peculiar habitat inhabited by the species. Furthermore, the presence of indels within the flanking regions of selected loci was scored. This study, albeit confirming the technical difficulties in finding proper microsatellite markers in copepods, provides for the first time a set of useful polymorphic microsatellite loci for a Hemidiaptomus species, thus allowing the realization of fine-scale phylogeographic and population genetics studies of this flagship crustacean taxon for MTPs.
Synthesis, characterization, single crystal XRD and biological screenings of organotin(IV) derivatives with 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioic acid
Creators: name: Hussain, Shabbir
name: Ali, Saqib
name: Saira Shahzadi
name: Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz
name: Shahid, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Organotin(IV) thiocarboxylates R2SnL2 (R = Me: 1: Ph: 2)/R2(Cl)SnL (R = n-Bu: 3; Ph: 4)/R3SnL (R = Me: 5; n-Bu: 6; Ph: 7), where L = 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioate, have been synthesized by stirring together 1,2-hydroxyethylpiperazine and CS2 in methanol, and then refluxing with a di-/triorganotin chloride. The synthesized products have been characterized by various spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, EI-MS) techniques and single crystal XRD. FT-IR data indicate bidentate binding of the ligand. The magnitude of 2J(119Sn–1H) demonstrated a skew trapezoidal environment around tin(IV) in 1, whereas the metal geometry in 5 was between distorted tetrahedral and trigonal bipyramidal in solution. 13C NMR revealed four- and five-coordinate environments in 6 and 7, respectively, in non-coordinating solvent. EI-MS data agreed very well with the structural skeleton of the products. Single crystal XRD study has shown skew trapezoidal- and trigonal-bipyramidal Sn(IV) in 1 and 7, respectively. Compound 6 interacted with salmon sperm DNA (SS-DNA) with significant hypochromic effect and an intercalating mode of binding. Diorganotin(IV) derivatives (2 and 3) generally exhibited poor antibacterial/antifungal potential as compared to their trialkyltin(IV)/triaryltin(IV) counterparts (5 and 6). The in vitro hemolytic activities show that average lysis of human red blood cells caused by 1–7 was significantly lower compared to triton X-100 (positive control, 100% lysis) and not very much higher than PBS (negative control, 0% lysis).
Das Meer in der Antike: Spaltung und Polarisierung – Kommentar
Creators: name: Schulz, Raimund
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2019

description: Die Sektion hat sich einem Thema gewidmet, dessen historische Relevanz unbestritten ist. Es ging ihr darum, die Rolle des Meeres als polarisierender und spaltender Wahrnehmungs- und Handlungsspielraum auch mit Hilfe moderner Informationstechnologien zu bestimmen. (Text- und Datamining). Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht zusammenfassend die Ergebnisse in einen größeren historischen Kontext zu stellen und wagt die ein oder andere Zusatzbemerkung.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,1 (2019)
Identification and characterization of five polymorphic microsatellite loci in the freshwater copepod Hemidiaptomus gurneyi (Copepoda: Calanoida: Diaptomidae)
Creators: name: F. Marrone
name: K. Havenstein
name: R. Tiedemann
name: V. Ketmaier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Hemidiaptomus diaptomid copepods are known to be excellent biological indicators for the highly biodiverse crustacean communities inhabiting Mediterranean temporary ponds (MTPs), an endangered inland water habitat whose conservation is considered a priority according to the “Habitat Directive” of the European Union. This study reports on the characterization of five polymorphic microsatellite loci in Hemidiaptomus gurneyi, to be used as markers for fine-scale studies on the population genetic structure and metapopulation dynamics of a typical and obligate MTP dweller. The five selected loci proved to be polymorphic in the species, with three to five polymorphic loci per studied population. Overall, mean heterozygosity scored for all loci and populations was lower than that reported for the few other diaptomid species for which microsatellite loci have been to date described; this is possibly due to the intrinsically fragmented and isolated peculiar habitat inhabited by the species. Furthermore, the presence of indels within the flanking regions of selected loci was scored. This study, albeit confirming the technical difficulties in finding proper microsatellite markers in copepods, provides for the first time a set of useful polymorphic microsatellite loci for a Hemidiaptomus species, thus allowing the realization of fine-scale phylogeographic and population genetics studies of this flagship crustacean taxon for MTPs.
Additional file 1 of Long-term effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in bio-naïve and bio-experienced anti-tumor necrosis factor patients with Crohn’s disease: a real-world multicenter Brazilian study
Creators: name: Parra, Rogério Serafim
name: Chebli, Júlio Maria Fonseca
name: Queiroz, Natália Sousa Freitas
name: Damião, Aderson Omar Mourão Cintra
name: de Azevedo, Matheus Freitas Cardoso
name: Chebli, Liliana Andrade
name: Bertges, Erika Ruback
name: Alves Junior, Antonio José Tiburcio
name: Ambrogini Junior, Orlando
name: da Silva, Bianca Loyo Pona Schiavetti
name: Lubini, Marcio
name: Bafutto, Mauro
name: Flores, Cristina
name: Vilela, Eduardo Garcia
name: Boratto, Sandra Felice
name: Gasparetti Junior, Newton Luiz Tricarico
name: Steinwurz, Flavio
name: Carvalho, Nayara Salgado
name: Féres, Omar
name: da Rocha, José Joaquim Ribeiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Results of the univariate analysis with all variables that have been analyzed in each period.
Additional file 1 of Impact of contextual factors on patient outcomes following conservative low back pain treatment: systematic review
Creators: name: Sherriff, Bronwyn
name: Clark, Carol
name: Killingback, Clare
name: Newell, Dave
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The search strategies per database (Methods S1-S4), a scoring grid for item 11 of the quality assessment (Results S1), a summary of the study characteristics (Table S1), and a summary of the within group changes from baseline (Table S2).
An Efficient Synthetic Route toward Biologically Active γ-Carboline Derivatives
Creators: name: Khan, Ayesha
name: Dattatray G. Hingane
name: Parekh, Nikita P.
name: Kusurkar, Radhika S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: An efficient and short route was established for the synthesis of anti-BVDV agents namely 4-methyl-γ-carboline (SK4 M) 1, 3-methyl-γ-carboline (SK3 M) 2, 5-methyl-γ-carboline (SK5 M) 3 and a new γ-carboline derivative 4 using thermal electrocyclization reaction as a key step. The evaluation of cytotoxicity of compound 4 against human cervical cancer cell line HeLa and Leukemic cell line HL-60 furnished CC50 value of 19.5 and 18.8 µM respectively.
"DAS MEER ALS ZERSTÖRER"
Creators: name: Rücker, Michaela
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2019

description: Dieser Beitrag zeigt die zerstörerische Kraft des Meeres am Beispiel des Untergangs von Atlantis anhand der zwei Dialoge von Platon: Timaeus und Critias.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,1 (2019)
Additional file 1 of Independent factors affecting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in patients aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Mori, Takahisa
name: Yoshioka, Kazuhiro
name: Tanno, Yuhei
name: Kasakura, Shigen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Flow chart of patient selection for the analysis
Die Kontrolle des Meeres: Alkibiades und die Sizilische Expedition
Creators: name: Schäfer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2019

description: Ausgehend von den modernen Seekriegstheorien, die die Kontrolle von Hotspots als entscheidend ansehen, soll die Frage gestellt werden, warum gerade Sizilien für Athen im Peloponnesischen Krieg so attraktiv war. Am Beispiel der Seeverbindungen soll demonstriert werden, dass es auch in der Antike (im Peloponnesischen Krieg ) um solche Hotspots ging (Straße v. Messina, Kamarina etc.), die für die Kontrolle der Seewege entscheidend und insbesondere Alkibiades bekannt waren. Alkibiades hat, im Unterschied zu Thukydides, der mehr vom Land her denkt, offenbar erkannt, welche Bedeutung den Hotspots für die Kontrolle des Meeres zukommt. D.h., dass eine Strategie, die auf Kontrolle der Handelsrouten als Grundlage des ökonomischen Mehrwertes aus ist, vom Meer her gedacht werden muss. Als Fazit ergibt sich, dass das Meer eine spezifische Strategie vorgibt, die zu einer Dynamik führt, die das Meer als einen eigenen Handlungsraum definiert, der ohne Grenze und offen ist.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,1 (2019)
Influence of immobilized quaternary ammonium group surface density on antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity
Creators: name: Cavallaro, Alex
name: Mierczynska, Agnieszka
name: Barton, Mary
name: Majewski, Peter
name: Vasilev, Krasimir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bacterial colonization of medical devices causes infections and is a significant problem in healthcare. The use of antibacterial coatings is considered as a potential solution to this problem and has attracted a great deal of attention. Using concentration density gradients of immobilized quaternary ammonium compounds it was demonstrated that a specific threshold of surface concentration is required to induce significant bacterial death. It was determined that this threshold was 4.18% NR4+ bonded nitrogen with a surface potential of + 120.4 mV. Furthermore, it is shown for the first time that adhesion of constituents of the culture medium to the quaternary ammonium modified surface eliminated any cytotoxicity towards eukaryotic cells such as primary human fibroblasts. The implications of this type of surface fouling on the antimicrobial efficacy of surface coatings are also discussed.
Additional file 2 of Independent factors affecting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in patients aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Mori, Takahisa
name: Yoshioka, Kazuhiro
name: Tanno, Yuhei
name: Kasakura, Shigen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2. The etiology of acute stroke
Additional file 3 of Independent factors affecting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in patients aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Mori, Takahisa
name: Yoshioka, Kazuhiro
name: Tanno, Yuhei
name: Kasakura, Shigen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between individual variables with significant differences between the study groups
Visualisierung von Textdaten: Die Falle der Metadaten am Beispiel von Iamblichs Protreptikos
Creators: name: Schubert, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Digital Classics Online
Year: 2019

description: „Digital Humanities analysieren nicht nur Bilder, sondern produzieren auch neue Bilder“[1] – diese alltägliche Feststellung beleuchtet einen Prozeß, dessen Verlauf einerseits noch ganz offen ist, da diese neuen Repräsentationsmöglichkeiten epistemisch keineswegs erfaßt sind, geschweige denn, daß die Entwicklung in diesem Bereich zu stabilen Praktiken geführt hätte. Andererseits zeigt sich ein unhinterfragter Siegeslauf, der auch schon zu einem neuen Feld wie dem der Visualization Literacy geführt hat.


Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Visualisierung anhand von Metadaten untersucht. Gerade die Metadaten sind heute im Kontext der großen Datenmengen, die als ‚Big Data‘ anfallen von größter Bedeutung. Die für die Analyse von Big Data notwendigen Aggregationen von Daten sind ohne Metadaten nicht effizient und leistungsstark durchzuführen. Über die normale Datenerfassung hinaus legen Metadaten Muster offen, die sonst nicht sichtbar wären. Dies wiederum wird über ‚Verbildlichung’ als einer heute gängigen Repräsentationsform ermöglicht: Gerade auch für Texte gilt, daß sie in praktischen Anwendungen auf der Grundlage ihrer Metadaten durch Visualisierung zu Bildern werden, die quantitativ ausgewertet können und so wiederum auch in den Forschungsdiskurs eingehen. Von diesen gängigen Vorgehen ausgehend, stellt sich die Frage, ob diese gegenwärtige Praxis wissenschaftlichen Ansprüchen genügt oder ob sich derzeit nicht vielmehr – in einer Zeit, in der Daten als das Öl oder Gold des 21. Jahrhunderts betrachtet werden – eine Art Goldgräberstimmung und ein entsprechend unkritisches Verhalten etablieren.


 


[1] Kwastek 2015; vgl. Kath et al. 2015.
description: Digital Classics Online, Bd. 5,1 (2019)
Synthesis, characterization, single crystal XRD and biological screenings of organotin(IV) derivatives with 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioic acid
Creators: name: Hussain, Shabbir
name: Ali, Saqib
name: Saira Shahzadi
name: Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz
name: Shahid, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Organotin(IV) thiocarboxylates R2SnL2 (R = Me: 1: Ph: 2)/R2(Cl)SnL (R = n-Bu: 3; Ph: 4)/R3SnL (R = Me: 5; n-Bu: 6; Ph: 7), where L = 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioate, have been synthesized by stirring together 1,2-hydroxyethylpiperazine and CS2 in methanol, and then refluxing with a di-/triorganotin chloride. The synthesized products have been characterized by various spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, EI-MS) techniques and single crystal XRD. FT-IR data indicate bidentate binding of the ligand. The magnitude of 2J(119Sn–1H) demonstrated a skew trapezoidal environment around tin(IV) in 1, whereas the metal geometry in 5 was between distorted tetrahedral and trigonal bipyramidal in solution. 13C NMR revealed four- and five-coordinate environments in 6 and 7, respectively, in non-coordinating solvent. EI-MS data agreed very well with the structural skeleton of the products. Single crystal XRD study has shown skew trapezoidal- and trigonal-bipyramidal Sn(IV) in 1 and 7, respectively. Compound 6 interacted with salmon sperm DNA (SS-DNA) with significant hypochromic effect and an intercalating mode of binding. Diorganotin(IV) derivatives (2 and 3) generally exhibited poor antibacterial/antifungal potential as compared to their trialkyltin(IV)/triaryltin(IV) counterparts (5 and 6). The in vitro hemolytic activities show that average lysis of human red blood cells caused by 1–7 was significantly lower compared to triton X-100 (positive control, 100% lysis) and not very much higher than PBS (negative control, 0% lysis).
Influence of immobilized quaternary ammonium group surface density on antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity
Creators: name: Cavallaro, Alex
name: Mierczynska, Agnieszka
name: Barton, Mary
name: Majewski, Peter
name: Vasilev, Krasimir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bacterial colonization of medical devices causes infections and is a significant problem in healthcare. The use of antibacterial coatings is considered as a potential solution to this problem and has attracted a great deal of attention. Using concentration density gradients of immobilized quaternary ammonium compounds it was demonstrated that a specific threshold of surface concentration is required to induce significant bacterial death. It was determined that this threshold was 4.18% NR4+ bonded nitrogen with a surface potential of + 120.4 mV. Furthermore, it is shown for the first time that adhesion of constituents of the culture medium to the quaternary ammonium modified surface eliminated any cytotoxicity towards eukaryotic cells such as primary human fibroblasts. The implications of this type of surface fouling on the antimicrobial efficacy of surface coatings are also discussed.