PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF NICHE TOURISM IN THE SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
Creators: name: Arpentieva Mariam, R.
name: Gasanova Renata, R.
name: Menshikov Petr, V.
Publisher: name: Сервис plus
Year: 2021
Subjects: NICHE TOURISM
TOURISM OF SPECIAL INTERESTS
MOTIVATION OF TOURISTS
TOURIST CAREER
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF TOURISM
TYPE OF TOURISTS
TYPE OF DESTINATION
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

description: The problem of the psychological and pedagogical meaning of tourist activity and its possibilities and limitations as an educational and psychotherapeutic activity is just beginning to become the subject of special attention. This movement is associated both with the development of tourism and psychology and pedagogy, the need for professional personnel with interdisciplinary competencies that guarantee the success of professional efforts. This movement is also associated with the development of the practice of additional education: for the (re) training of specialists in the field of tourism, its psychological and pedagogical models are important, for educational tasks in pedagogy and psychology, specialists are needed who possess innovative methods of work, knowledge and skills of assistance in human development and correction. developmental disruptions in various fields, including (niche and others types of the) tourism. Niche tourism is special interest tourism. Its appearance is connected both with the tasks of diversification and quality assurance of tourism products to ensure their competitiveness, and with the fact that tourism practice, changing and developing, is accompanied by the development of customers. Niche tourism as a field of tourism business is progressing annually, along with the progress of tourists. Researchers spoke about this from the very beginning, linking the very need for niche tourism with the emergence of a special group of tourists-travelers seeking to penetrate the "curtains" of the familiar and understand the world and themselves, not being limited by the ordinary framework and, very often, pseudo-events and pseudo-objects of mass tourism. This process is typical not only for esoteric tourism, but also for many other options for niche tourism, including even dark tourism / tourism of disasters and destruction, extreme tourism, etc. The old traditions of pilgrimages and religious tourism, the traditions of extreme and sports travel, are supported by innovative technologies such as travel therapy, esoteric therapy, "dark tourism", etc. As a result, the niche type of tourism is actively developing and developing tourists. It causes changes in supply and demand in the tourism market. The market itself is changing, turning from a market for services into a market of impressions (experience) and, thus, has a significant impact on the development of a person in terms of working with his / her own and universal human experience, that is, it performs the functions of a psychological and pedagogical type. Psychological and pedagogical analysis of niche tourism pays special attention to the problems of a tourist career and the motivation for participation in niche tourism. For the system of additional education of pedagogues-psychologists and specialists in the field of tourism are extremely important some points in improving their professional competencies. These points are the aspects related to psychological and pedagogical phenomena and processes, including the motivation of tourist activity and psychological types of tourists, "psychography" of destinations as "pedagogical provinces", and "psychotherapeutic landscapes" as well as the travel career and identity of tourists. Working with these phenomena is no longer within the power of a guide who does not have a special psychological and pedagogical education. For the very same psychological and pedagogical education, turning to tourism and its possibilities is a significant development of teaching and educational technologies and means. The aim of the work is to study the motivation of niche tourist activity and the psychological and pedagogical functions of modern tourist activity. The niche type of tourism, directly or indirectly, fulfills the tasks of training, education, as well as psychological and spiritual support for the development of a person as a person, a partner and a professional. This type of tourism is intended for tourists with a special type of needs (focused on self-exploration, self-realization and self-improvement), as well as for tourists who are no longer satisfied with the traditional framework of consumption of tourist products (images), and who are looking for new areas of self-realization and need help to support them. Family, professional and other careers by improving, developing a tourist career. This type of tourism has great development prospects, since it activates the work of a person with his experience of internal and external relations: the organization of such work requires significant efforts on his part and on the part of the organizers of tourist travel. To develop and realize the importance of developments in the field of diagnostics and orientation of tourism to the satisfaction of more or less individualized systems of motives of tourists, special efforts are needed, specially modified tourist destinations, multicomponent and multivariate routes are needed to satisfy the special needs of customers so that this type of business can carry out their psychological and pedagogical functions, one way or another related to the mission of tourist trips in general and in each travel company and destination separately. The most productive options in this case are the creation of additional training areas: 1) in the field of niche tourism for teachers and psychologists, social workers and other specialists in helping professions, 2) in the field of psychological and pedagogical support / coaching of tourism activities for future and working guides and managers travel companies.