cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Metodi biomolecolari per il follow up dei pazienti HIV positivi
Creators: name: Schiavone, Pasqua <1971>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: MED/07 Microbiologia e microbiologia clinica

description: As proviral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA can replenish and revive viral infection upon attivation, its analysis, in addition to RNA viral load, could be considered a useful marker during the follow-up of infected individuals, to evaluate reservoir status, especially in HAART-treated patients when RNA viral load is undetectable by current techniques and the antiretroviral efficacy of new, more potent therapeutic regimens. Standardized methods for the measurement of the two most significant forms of proviral DNA, total and non-integrated, are currently lacking, despite the widespread of molecular biology techniques. In this study, total and 2-LTR HIV-1 DNA proviral load, in addition to RNA viral load, CD4 cell count and serological parameters, were determined by quantitative analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in naïve or subsequently HAART-treated patients with acute HIV-1 infection in order to establish the role of these two DNA proviral forms in the course of HIV infection.
The study demonstrated that HAART-treated individuals show a significant decrease in both total and 2-LTR circular HIV-1 DNA proviral load compared with naïve patients: these findings confirm that HIV-1 reservoir decay correlates with therapeutic effectiveness. The persistence of small amounts of 2-LTR HIV-1 DNA form, which is considered to be a molecular determinant of infectivity, in PBMC from some patients demonstrates that a small rate of replication is retained even when HAART is substantially effective: HAART could not eradicate completely the infection because HIV is able to replicate at low levels. Plasma-based viral RNA assays may fail to demonstrate the full extent of  viral activity. In conclusion, the availability of a new standardized assay to determine DNA proviral load will be important in assessing the true extent of virological suppression suggesting that its quantification may be an important parameter in monitoring HIV infection.
Measurement of single electrons from heavy flavor decays from p+p, d+Au and Cu+Cu collisions in the PHENIX experiment
Creators: name: Lim, Sanghoon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm14
phenix
heavy flavor
electron
p+p
d+au
cu+cu
mid-rapidity
raa
nuclear
modification
muon
radial
flow

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2014 conference
Large $N$ simulation of the twisted reduced matrix model with an adjoint Majorana fermion
Creators: name: Butti, Pietro
name: Pérez, Margarita García
name: González-Arroyo, Antonio
name: Ishikawa, Ken-Ichi
name: Okawa, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the properties of the large $N$ limit of $\mathcal{N} = 1$ SUSY Yang-Mills theory, we have started a study for a reduced matrix model with an adjoint Majorana fermion. The gauge action is based on the Wilson action and the adjoint-fermion one is the Wilson-Dirac action on a reduced lattice with twisted gauge boundary condition. We employ the RHMC algorithm in which the absolute value of the Pfaffian is incorporated. The sign of the Pfaffian is included with the re-weighting method and separately measured as an observable. In this talk, we show the configuration generation status towards the large $N$ limit and the behavior of the lowest/lower eigenvalue(s) of the Wilson-Dirac adjoint fermion operator. We investigated the sign of the Pfaffian and the critical hopping parameters for the chiral limit. The sign of the Pfaffian is always positive on the configurations we have generated. The critical hopping parameters derived from the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator are consistent with those derived from the PCAC mass relation with non-singlet flavor adjoint fermions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures (11 fig files), 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021 26th-30th July, 2021 Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Lagrangian Crumpling Equations
Creators: name: Peterson, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concise method for following the evolving geometry of a moving surface using Lagrangian coordinates is described. All computations can be done in the fixed geometry of the initial surface despite the evolving complexity of the moving surface. The method is applied to three problems in nonlinear elasticity: the bulging of a thin plate under pressure (the original motivation for Foeppl-von Karman theory), the buckling of a spherical shell under pressure, and the phenomenon of capillary wrinkles induced by surface tension in a thin film. In this last problem the inclusion of a gravitational potential energy term in the total energy improves the agreement with experiment.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Generation of entanglement between a highly wave-packet-tunable photon and a spin-wave memory in cold atoms
Creators: name: Li, Ya
name: Wen, Yafei
name: Wang, Shengzhi
name: Liu, Chao
name: Liu, Hailong
name: Wang, Minjie
name: Sun, Can
name: Gao, Yan
name: Li, Shujing
name: Wang, Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controls of waveforms (pulse durations) of single photons are important tasks for effectively interconnecting disparate atomic memories in hybrid quantum networks. So far, the waveform control of single photon that is entangled with an atomic memory remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrated control of waveform length of the photon that is entangled with an atomic spin-wave memory by varying light-atom interaction time in cold atoms. The Bell parameter S as a function of the duration of photon pulse is measured, which shows that violations of Bell equality can be achieved for the photon pulse in the duration range from 40 ns to 50 us, where, S=2.64+/-0.02 and S=2.26+/-0.05 for the 40-ns and 50-μs durations, respectively. The measured results show that S parameter decreases with the increase in the pulse duration. We confirm that the increase in photon noise probability per pulse with the pulse-duration is responsible for the S decrease.
A robust single-pixel particle image velocimetry based on fully convolutional networks with cross-correlation embedded
Creators: name: Gao, Qi
name: Lin, Hongtao
name: Tu, Han
name: Zhu, Haoran
name: Wei, Runjie
name: Zhang, Guoping
name: Shao, Xueming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is essential in experimental fluid dynamics. In the current work, we propose a new velocity field estimation paradigm, which achieves a synergetic combination of the deep learning method and the traditional cross-correlation method. Specifically, the deep learning method is used to optimize and correct a coarse velocity guess to achieve a super-resolution calculation. And the cross-correlation method provides the initial velocity field based on a coarse correlation with a large interrogation window. As a reference, the coarse velocity guess helps with improving the robustness of the proposed algorithm. This fully convolutional network with embedded cross-correlation is named as CC-FCN. CC-FCN has two types of input layers, one is for the particle images, and the other is for the initial velocity field calculated using cross-correlation with a coarse resolution. Firstly, two pyramidal modules extract features of particle images and initial velocity field respectively. Then the fusion module appropriately fuses these features. Finally, CC-FCN achieves the super-resolution calculation through a series of deconvolution layers to obtain the single-pixel velocity field. As the supervised learning strategy is considered, synthetic data sets including ground-truth fluid motions are generated to train the network parameters. Synthetic and real experimental PIV data sets are used to test the trained neural network in terms of accuracy, precision, spatial resolution and robustness. The test results show that these attributes of CC-FCN are further improved compared with those of other tested PIV algorithms. The proposed model could therefore provide competitive and robust estimations for PIV experiments.
A Farey tale for N=4 dyons
Creators: name: Murthy, Sameer
name: Pioline, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study exponentially suppressed contributions to the degeneracies of extremal black holes. Within Sen's quantum entropy function framework and focusing on extremal black holes with an intermediate AdS3 region, we identify an infinite family of semi-classical AdS2 geometries which can contribute effects of order exp(S_0/c), where S_0 is the Bekenstein-Hawking-Wald entropy and c is an integer greater than one. These solutions lift to the extremal limit of the SL(2,Z) family of BTZ black holes familiar from the "black hole Farey tail". We test this understanding in N=4 string vacua, where exact dyon degeneracies are known to be given by Fourier coefficients of Siegel modular forms. We relate the sum over poles in the Siegel upper half plane to the Farey tail expansion, and derive a "Farey tale" expansion for the dyon partition function. Mathematically, this provides a (formal) lift from Hilbert modular forms to Siegel modular forms with a pole at the diagonal divisor.
description: 31 pages
A theoretical framework for BL Her stars - I. Effect of metallicity and convection parameters on period-luminosity and period-radius relations
Creators: name: Das, Susmita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The inlists used for computing grids of BL Her models using MESA-r11701 using the four sets of convection parameters: set A, set B, set C and set D. The MESASDK version used was mesasdk-x86_64-linux-20190503.
Image Web User Interface Architectural Design Analysis
Creators: name: Chew, Kean Ho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Web
Image
Architecture Design
Analysis

description: Image user interface is a commonly used component in web development for displaying pictorial and illustrative data. However, due to its simplicity, abstracting the component’s structural design for building a reusable, continuously improved capable user interface module can be carelessly implemented. Hence, there is a need to carefully analyze existing available design architecturally in order to properly identify all architectural variables. This paper first reviews image web user interface and how it became a subject of research interest. This includes finding the purpose of such study and establish research metrics whenever available. Then, the paper proceeds to explore all identified architectural design variables with supporting graphical evidences. For privacy protection, the presented human identifiable imagery will be heavily blurred. Lastly, the paper concludes the research with its overall analysis outcome.
An analysis of the effect of varying the duration of X-ray treatment upon the frequency of mutations
Creators: name: Oliver, Clarence P. (Clarence Paul), 1898-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1931
Subjects: subject: X-ray mutagenesis
subject: X-rays
subject: Effect of radiation on mutation
subject: Effect of X-rays on mutation
subject: X-ray mutagenesis methods
subject: X-ray duration
subject: Genetic mutation
subject: Genetic variation
subject: Genetic variants
subject: Mutation types
subject: Desired mutations
subject: X-ray mutagenesis
subject: X-rays
subject: Germ cells--Effect of radiation on
subject: Mutation (Biology)
subject: Genetics--Methodology

description: The X-ray has become an instrument adaptable to the needs of the investigator in the study of his genetic problems. Previously to Muller's discovery that the germ plasm could be modified by the use of radiation, geneticists had to follow the slow process of awaiting the spontaneous origination of the variations that they needed for their investigations. Now, however, they can produce variations in numbers sufficiently great to meet their needs; but they cannot as yet, at least, produce mutations at a definite desired locus or of a definite desired type. If we intend to use the X-rays as a tool with which to work, we must learn the best methods to be employed in the handling of that instrument. It is necessary to find out what possibilities may be expected when the conditions under which the tool is used are modified. If possible, we must separate the different kinds of resulting genetic variants from each other, and determine whether, by variation in our method, we can obtain variation in the types of mutations so marked that the different genetic effects will be distinctly separated
Il Mare Bianco di Mezzo.
Valorizzazione dei Networks dei migranti per la circolazione delle conoscenze, delle capacità e delle trasformazioni sociali
Creators: name: Ammari, Hedi <1964>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SPS/04 Scienza politica

description: L’elaborato svolge in 4 capitoli un percorso di analisi multidisciplinare volto a fondare
teoricamente e a sviluppare operativamente la costituzione di una associazione di co-sviluppo italotunisina.
Nel primo capitolo viene approfondita, sotto il profilo della teoria economica, la relazione
fra emigrazione e sviluppo, prendendo in esame le recenti teorie sull’argomento e indirizzando
l’interesse verso il ruolo dei network di migranti come elemento di continuità socio-economica e di
interazione fra il paese di origine e il paese ospitante. Nel secondo capitolo il network viene
approfondito sotto gli aspetti connessi alla sua natura di intermediario sociale, politico ed
economico, soprattutto in presenza di migrazione di ritorno. Il terzo capitolo si concentra sulle
associazioni degli immigrati e non solo Hometown Associations quali strumenti elaborati
all’interno dei network di migranti per mettere in pratica le loro capacità di agente economico e di
attore sociale nel processo di co-sviluppo dei paesi di provenienza e di destinazione. Infine, nel
quarto capitolo viene descritto l’iter istituzionale previsto per la costituzione di una specifica
associazione (El-Hiwar Atiir, Associazione Tunisina per l’Integrazione e l’Investimento di Ritorno)
e le caratteristiche della medesima.
Il lavoro di tesi, coordinato e sviluppato, pur approfondendo tematiche e modelli economici si
muove anche su altri piani (sociale e istituzionale), mostrando la molteplicità delle sfaccettature del
problema. Inoltre riesce a radicare in campo teorico uno strumento operativo molto interessante per
la gestione economica e politica del fenomeno migratorio, mostrando come la cooperazione allo
sviluppo, oltre che tema di modellazione economica e di dichiarazioni di principio nei documenti
ufficiali, possa divenire processo operativo attraverso strumenti giuridici consolidati.
Navigation Sidebar Web User Interface Architectural Design Analysis
Creators: name: Chew, Kean Ho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Analysis
Navigation
Architecture Design
Web

description: Navigation sidebar user interface is a commonly used component in web page development for helping users navigate the complex website. However, abstracting its structural design to build a reusable, continuously improved capable user interface module can be notoriously complex primarily due to its massive design variances. Hence, there is a need to carefully analyze the existing available designs architecturally in order to properly identify all architectural variables. This paper first reviews navigation web user interface and how sidebar comes into subject of research interest. This includes finding the purpose of such study and establish research metrics whenever available. Then, the paper proceeds to explore all identified architectural design variables with supporting graphical evidences. Lastly, the paper concluded the research with the overall analysis.
A theoretical framework for BL Her stars − II. New period-luminosity relations in the Gaia passbands
Creators: name: Das, Susmita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The inlists used for computing grids of BL Her models using MESA-r11701 in the Gaia passbands using the four sets of convection parameters. Also included are inlists from the latest MESA version mesa-r23.05.1 used for comparing a particular MLTXZ input parameter combination. The MESASDK version used was mesasdk-x86_64-linux-23.7.2.
Edge waves in the presence of an irregular coastline
Creators: name: Fuller, John David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Small irregularities in an otherwise straight coast produce certain effects on long waves on a continental shelf. Studied here are the generation of trapped edge waves when a wave from the deep ocean reaches the irregular coast, and alterations in the propagation characteristics of trapped edge waves, due to the irregularities. The continental shelf is modeled by a single, flat-step model, and the irregularities in the coast are represented as a stationary random function of distance along the coast, with zero mean. The wave equations are thus stochastic differential equations, with the randomness introduced through the boundary condition at the coast. Calculations are made for the power flux into trapped edge waves and a continuous spectrum of leaky modes, both generated by the scattering of an incident wave. Numerical results for a section of the northeast Japanese coast show that there is less power transferred to the forward traveling trapped wave than the backward, and less power to the scattered leaky modes than to either the forward or backward trapped modes. Other calculations show that there is attenuation of a trapped edge wave, due to scattering, there is a "tilting" of the wave towards the coast, and in the case of the same Japanese coast, the longshore components of the phase and group velocities are slightly less than in the case of a straight coast. The results are valid for wave periods much shorter than the period associated with the Coriolis parameter of, and for wavelengths much greater than the average size of the coastal irregularities.
Dynamic control of speed and trajectories of active droplets in a nematic environment by electric field and focused laser beam
Creators: name: Rajabi, Mojtaba
name: Baza, Hend
name: Wang, Hao
name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One objective of active matter science is to unveil principles by which chaotic microscale dynamics could be transformed into useful work. A nematic liquid crystal environment offers a number of possibilities, one of which is a directional motion of an active droplet filled with an aqueous dispersion of swimming bacteria. In this work, using the responsiveness of the nematic to the electric field and light, we demonstrate how to control the direction and speed of active droplets. The dielectric response of nematic to the electric field causes two effects: (i) reorientation of the overall director, and (ii) changing the symmetry of the director configuration around the droplet. The first effect redirects the propulsion direction while the second one changes the speed. A laser beam pointed to the vicinity of the droplet can trigger the desired director symmetry around the droplet, by switching between dipolar and quadrupolar configurations, thus affecting the motility and polarity of propulsion. The dynamic tuning of the direction and speed of active droplets represents a step forward in the development of controllable microswimmers.
Chiral Magnetic conductivity
Creators: name: Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
name: Warringa, Harmen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gluon field configurations with nonzero topological charge generate chirality, inducing P- and CP-odd effects. When a magnetic field is applied to a system with nonzero chirality, an electromagnetic current is generated along the direction of the magnetic field. The induced current is equal to the Chiral Magnetic conductivity times the magnetic field. In this article we will compute the Chiral Magnetic conductivity of a high-temperature plasma for nonzero frequencies. This allows us to discuss the effects of time-dependent magnetic fields, such as produced in heavy ion collisions, on chirally asymmetric systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Graphs with prescribed radius, diameter, and center
Creators: name: Guest, Kelly
name: Johnson, Andrew
name: Johnson, Peter
name: Jones, William
name: Takahashi, Yuki
name: Zhang, Zhichun Joy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Among other things, it is shown that for every pair of positive integers $r$, $d$, satisfying $1
Emission angle and particle mass dependence of HBT interferometry in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV
Creators: name: Esumi, ShinIchi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm14
phenix
hbt
au+au
pion
kaon
elliptic
mid-rapidity
flow

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2014 conference
Muon simulation codes MUSIC and MUSUN for underground physics
Creators: name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper describes two Monte Carlo codes dedicated to muon simulations: MUSIC (MUon SImulation Code) and MUSUN (MUon Simulations UNderground). MUSIC is a package for muon transport through matter. It is particularly useful for propagating muons through large thickness of rock or water, for instance from the surface down to underground/underwater laboratory. MUSUN is designed to use the results of muon transport through rock/water to generate muons in or around underground laboratory taking into account their energy spectrum and angular distribution.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, to be published in Computer Physics Communications
The 21 cm Forest as a Probe of the Reionization and the Temperature of the Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Xu, Yidong
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Fan, Zuhui
name: Trac, Hy
name: Cen, Renyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high redshift radio sources as background, the 21cm forest observations probe the neutral hydrogen absorption signatures of early structures along the lines of sight. Directly sensitive to the spin temperature, it complements the 21cm tomography observations, and provides information on the temperature as well as the ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We use a radiative transfer simulation to investigate the 21cm forest signals during the epoch of reionization. We first confirmed that the optical depth and equivalent width (EW) are good representations of the ionization and thermal state of the IGM. The features selected by their relative optical depth are excellent tracers of ionization fields, while those selected by absolute optical depth are very sensitive to the IGM temperature, so the IGM temperature information could potentially be extracted, thus breaking a degeneracy in 21cm tomographic observation. From the distributions of EWs and the number evolution of absorbers and leakers with different EWs, we see clearly the cosmological evolution of ionization state of the IGM. The number density of potentially observable features decreases rapidly with increasing gas temperature. The sensitivity of the proposed EW statistic to the IGM temperature makes it a unique and potentially powerful probe of reionization. Missing small-scale structures, such as small filaments and minihalos that are unresolved in our current simulation, and lack of an accurate calculation of the IGM temperature, however, likely have rendered the presented signals quantitatively inaccurate. Finally we discuss the requirements of the background radio sources for such observations, and find that signals with equivalent widths larger than 1kHz are hopeful to be detected.(Abridged)
description: Matching ApJ published version
The effect of copper on irradiation-induced growth mechanisms in the W13 alloy
Creators: name: Andrew, Callum
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Irradiation-induced growth (IIG) is a detrimental effect on nuclear fuel assembly materials such as zirconium (Zr) alloys which is characterised by a volume conserving shape change. IIG results from the formation and evolution of  and  type dislocation loops in the highly textured hexagonally cose-packed alpha-phase Zr microstructure. 

Alloying additions may effect the rate of IIG in Zr alloys through their interactions with dislocation loops, consequently understanding how alloying elements behave in Zr is important to understand how they influence dislocation loop evolution. Cu is an increasingly more common addition in Zr alloys because of its beneficial effects on corrosion resistance, however, it is largely unknown how Cu interacts with dislocation loops and consequently how it could effect IIG rates.

The Zr-Nb-Sn-Cu-Fe W13 alloy was developed by Westinghouse Electric Company, and was proton irradiated at the Dalton Cumbria Facility and neutron irradiated in the BOR-60 reactor. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction line profile analysis and atom probe tomography were employed to evaluate the microstructural and dislocation loop evolution in the irradiated W13 samples, informing us on its potential influence on IIG.
How BlockChain Can Help Enhance The Security And Privacy in Edge Computing?
Creators: name: Song, Jinyue
name: Gu, Tianbo
name: Mohapatra, Prasant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to solve security and privacy issues of centralized cloud services, the edge computing network is introduced, where computing and storage resources are distributed to the edge of the network. However, native edge computing is subject to the limited performance of edge devices, which causes challenges in data authorization, data encryption, user privacy, and other fields. Blockchain is currently the hottest technology for distributed networks. It solves the consistent issue of distributed data and is used in many areas, such as cryptocurrency, smart grid, and the Internet of Things. Our work discussed the security and privacy challenges of edge computing networks. From the perspectives of data authorization, encryption, and user privacy, we analyze the solutions brought by blockchain technology to edge computing networks. In this work, we deeply present the benefits from the integration of the edge computing network and blockchain technology, which effectively controls the data authorization and data encryption of the edge network and enhances the architecture's scalability under the premise of ensuring security and privacy. Finally, we investigate challenges on storage, workload, and latency for future research in this field.
Heavy flavor measurements at PHENIX
Creators: name: Dion, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm14
phenix
heavy flavor
electron
charm
elliptic
flow
raa
nuclear
modification
bottom
au+au
d+au
dielectron
p+p
muon
correlations
mid-rapidity
forward-rapidity

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2014 conference
Perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes in Dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity
Creators: name: Cardoso, V.
name: Gualtieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical Chern-Simons (DCS) modified gravity is an attractive, yet relatively unexplored, candidate to an alternative theory of gravity. The DCS correction couples a dynamical scalar field to the gravitational field. In this framework, we analyze the perturbation formalism and stability properties of spherically symmetric black holes. Assuming that no background scalar field is present, gravitational perturbations with polar and axial parities decouple. We find no effect of the Chern-Simons coupling on the polar sector, while axial perturbations couple to the Chern-Simons scalar field. The axial sector can develop strong instabilities if the coupling parameter beta, associated to the dynamical coupling of the scalar field, is small enough; this yields a constraint on beta which is much stronger than the constraints previously known in the literature.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes to match version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Exit and Occupation times for Brownian Motion on Graphs with General Drift and Diffusion Constant
Creators: name: Benichou, O.
name: Desbois, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particle diffusing along the links of a general graph possessing some absorbing vertices. The particle, with a spatially-dependent diffusion constant D(x) is subjected to a drift U(x) that is defined in every point of each link. We establish the boundary conditions to be used at the vertices and we derive general expressions for the average time spent on a part of the graph before absorption and, also, for the Laplace transform of the joint law of the occupation times. Exit times distributions and splitting probabilities are also studied and several examples are discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in J. Phys. A
Role of Oxygen Electrons in the Metal-Insulator Transition in the Magnetoresistive Oxide La$_{2-2x}$Sr$_{1+2x}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ Probed by Compton Scattering
Creators: name: Barbiellini, B.
name: Koizumi, A.
name: Mijnarends, P. E.
name: Al-Sawai, W.
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Nagao, T.
name: Hirota, K.
name: Itou, M.
name: Sakurai, Y.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the [100]-[110] anisotropy of the Compton profile in the bilayer manganite. Quantitative agreement is found between theory and experiment with respect to the anisotropy in the two metallic phases (i.e. the low temperature ferromagnetic and the colossal magnetoresistant phase under a magnetic field of 7 T). Robust signatures of the metal-insulator transition are identified in the momentum density for the paramagnetic phase above the Curie temperature. We interpret our results as providing direct evidence for the transition from the metallic-like to the admixed ionic-covalent bonding accompanying the magnetic transition. The number of electrons involved in this phase transition is estimated from the area enclosed by the Compton profile anisotropy differences. Our study demonstrates the sensitivity of the Compton scattering technique for identifying the number and type of electrons involved in the metal-insulator transition.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
A new spin-2 self-dual model in $D=2+1$
Creators: name: Dalmazi, D.
name: Mendonca, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are three self-dual models of massive particles of helicity +2 (or -2) in $D=2+1$. Each model is of first, second, and third-order in derivatives. Here we derive a new self-dual model of fourth-order, $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$, which follows from the third-order model (linearized topologically massive gravity) via Noether embedment of the linearized Weyl symmetry. In fact, each self-dual model can be obtained from the previous one $ \cL {SD}^{(i)} \to \cL {SD}^{(i+1)}, i=1,2,3$ by the Noether embedment of an appropriate gauge symmetry, culminating in $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$. The new model may be identified with the linearized version of $\cL {HDTMG} = ε^{μνρ} Γ_{μγ}^ε(\p_νΓ_{ερ}^γ+ (2/3)Γ_{νδ}^γΓ_{ρε}^δ) /8 m + \sqrt{-g}(R_{μν} R^{νμ} - 3 R^2/8) /2 m^2 $. We also construct a master action relating the third-order self-dual model to $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$ by means of a mixing term with no particle content which assures spectrum equivalence of $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$ to other lower-order self-dual models despite its pure higher derivative nature and the absence of the Einstein-Hilbert action. The relevant degrees of freedom of $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$ are encoded in a rank-two tensor which is symmetric, traceless and transverse due to trivial (non-dynamic) identities, contrary to other spin-2 self-dual models. We also show that the Noether embedment of the Fierz-Pauli theory leads to the new massive gravity of Bergshoeff, Hohm and Townsend.
description: 14 pages, no figures, typos fixed, reference (19) modified
Hierarchical Deep Residual Reasoning for Temporal Moment Localization
Creators: name: Ma, Ziyang
name: Han, Xianjing
name: Song, Xuemeng
name: Cui, Yiran
name: Nie, Liqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal Moment Localization (TML) in untrimmed videos is a challenging task in the field of multimedia, which aims at localizing the start and end points of the activity in the video, described by a sentence query. Existing methods mainly focus on mining the correlation between video and sentence representations or investigating the fusion manner of the two modalities. These works mainly understand the video and sentence coarsely, ignoring the fact that a sentence can be understood from various semantics, and the dominant words affecting the moment localization in the semantics are the action and object reference. Toward this end, we propose a Hierarchical Deep Residual Reasoning (HDRR) model, which decomposes the video and sentence into multi-level representations with different semantics to achieve a finer-grained localization. Furthermore, considering that videos with different resolution and sentences with different length have different difficulty in understanding, we design the simple yet effective Res-BiGRUs for feature fusion, which is able to grasp the useful information in a self-adapting manner. Extensive experiments conducted on Charades-STA and ActivityNet-Captions datasets demonstrate the superiority of our HDRR model compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
A high dynamic Micro Strips Ionization Chamber featuring Embedded Multi DSP Processing
Creators: name: Voltolina, Francesco
name: Menk, Ralf H.
name: Carrato, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An X-ray detector will be presented that is the combination of a segmented ionization chamber featuring one-dimensional spatial resolution integrated with an intelligent ADC front-end, multi DSP processing and embedded PC platform. This detector is optimized to fan beam geometry with an active area of 192 mm (horizontal) and a vertical acceptance of 6 mm. Spatial resolution is obtained by subdividing the anode into readout strips, having pitch of 150 micrometers, which are connected to 20 custom made integrating VLSI chips (each capable of 64-channel read-out and multiplexing) and read out by 14 bits 10 MHz ADCs and fast adaptive PGAs into DSP boards. A bandwidth reaching 3.2Gbit/s of raw data, generated from the real time sampling of the 1280 micro strips, is cascaded processed with FPGA and DSP to allow data compression resulting in several days of uninterrupted acquisition capability. Fast acquisition rates reaching 10 kHz are allowed due to the MicroCAT structure utilized not only as a shielding grid in ionization chamber mode but also to provide active electron amplification in the gas.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, distilled by AFPL Ghostscript 7.04
A High-Resolution Study of Two Galactic HI Halo Clouds in the Ophiuchus Superbubble
Creators: name: Pidopryhora, Yurii
name: Lockman, Felix J.
name: Rupen, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two compact HI clouds which seem to belong to the Ophiuchus superbubble were studied at ~30" resolution using the Very Large Array (VLA) in C and D configurations together with the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) providing the short-spacing flux. Here we present preliminary results of the data analysis.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in conference proceedings "The Role of Disk-Halo Interaction in Galaxy Evolution: Outflow vs. Infall?" ed. M. A. de Avillez, European Astronomical Society Publications Series, 2009
title: "Enfermedad del Queso Suizo": Marcador de Riesgo del Cáncer de Mama
Creators: name: Martínez Mansilla, Antonio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Puncture
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Oncology
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar las manifestaciones radiológicas,
aspecto anatomo-patológico y manejo terapéutico de la papilomatosis juvenil,
un proceso mamario benigno que se asocia con un incremento del riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de...
title: Revisión de la anatomía pélvica y su correlación con estudios de imagen por TCMD
Creators: name: Cruz Hernandez, Lina Marcela
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
• Revisar la anatomía pélvica normal. • Correlacionar los estudios de imagen con esquemas en código de colores para optimizar la interpretación de hallazgos por TCMC. • Demostrar que al entender las estructuras relevantes de la anatomía...
title: Sindromes de Pinzamiento del Tobillo: Una visión general.
Creators: name: Banegas Illescas, Maria Eugenia
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los aspectos clínicos,hallazgosen los estudios de imagen,principalmente en RM,
yel manejo terapéutico de los síndromes de pinzamiento del tobillo. Revisar la anatomía y fisiopatología de esta entidad. Enfatizar en lo que el...
Using Google Trends as a proxy for occupant behavior to predict building energy consumption
Creators: name: Fu, Chun
name: Miller, Clayton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, the availability of larger amounts of energy data and advanced machine learning algorithms has created a surge in building energy prediction research. However, one of the variables in energy prediction models, occupant behavior, is crucial for prediction performance but hard-to-measure or time-consuming to collect from each building. This study proposes an approach that utilizes the search volume of topics (e.g., education} or Microsoft Excel) on the Google Trends platform as a proxy of occupant behavior and use of buildings. Linear correlations were first examined to explore the relationship between energy meter data and Google Trends search terms to infer building occupancy. Prediction errors before and after the inclusion of the trends of these terms were compared and analyzed based on the ASHRAE Great Energy Predictor III (GEPIII) competition dataset. The results show that highly correlated Google Trends data can effectively reduce the overall RMSLE error for a subset of the buildings to the level of the GEPIII competition's top five winning teams' performance. In particular, the RMSLE error reduction during public holidays and days with site-specific schedules are respectively reduced by 20-30% and 2-5%. These results show the potential of using Google Trends to improve energy prediction for a portion of the building stock by automatically identifying site-specific and holiday schedules.
Testing ultrafast mode-locking at microhertz relative optical linewidth
Creators: name: Martin, Michael J.
name: Foreman, Seth M.
name: Schibli, T. R.
name: Ye, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new limits on the phase coherence of the ultrafast mode-locking process in an octave-spanning Ti:sapphire comb. We find that the mode-locking mechanism correlates optical phase across a full optical octave with less than 2.5 micro Hz relative linewidth. This result is at least two orders of magnitude below recent predictions for quantum-limited individual comb-mode linewidths, verifying that the mode-locking mechanism strongly correlates quantum noise across the comb spectrum.
description: Expanded discussion to include correlated noise terms, made minor formatting changes, added a reference, and fixed typographical errors. 10 pages, 5 figures
The Schur multiplier, profinite completions and decidability
Creators: name: Bridson, Martin R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E18, 20F10

description: We fix a finitely presented group $Q$ and consider short exact sequences $1\to N\to G\to Q\to 1$ with $G$ finitely generated. The inclusion $N\to G$ induces a morphism of profinite completions $\hat N\to \hat G$. We prove that this is an isomorphism for all $N$ and $G$ if and only if $Q$ is super-perfect and has no proper subgroups of finite index. We prove that there is no algorithm that, given a finitely presented, residually finite group $G$ and a finitely presentable subgroup $P\subset G$, can determine whether or not $\hat P\to\hat G$ is an isomorphism.
description: 6 pages no figures. To appear in the Bulletin London Math Soc
Explosion of Comet 17P/Holmes as revealed by the Spitzer Space Telescope
Creators: name: Reach, William T.
name: Vaubaillon, Jeremie
name: Lisse, Carey M.
name: Holloway, Mikel
name: Rho, Jeonghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An explosion on comet 17P/Holmes occurred on 2007 Oct 23, projecting particulate debris of a wide range of sizes into the interplanetary medium. We observed the comet using the Spitzer spectrograph on 2007 Nov 10 and 2008 Feb 27, and the photometer, on 2008 Mar 13. The fresh ejecta have detailed mineralogical features from small crystalline silicate grains. The 2008 Feb 27 spectra, and the central core of the 2007 Nov 10 spectral map, reveal nearly featureless spectra, due to much larger grains that were ejected from the nucleus more slowly. We break the infrared image into three components (size, speed) that also explain the temporal evolution of the mm-wave flux. Optical images were obtained on multiple dates spanning 2007 Oct 27 to 2008 Mar 10 at the Holloway Comet Observatory and 1.5-m telescope at Palomar Observatory. The orientation of the leading edge of the ejecta shell and the ejecta blob, relative to the nucleus, do not change as the orientation of the Sun changes; instead, the configuration was imprinted by the orientation of the initial explosion. The kinetic energy of the ejecta >1e21 erg is greater than the gravitational binding energy of the nucleus. We model the explosion as being due to crystallization and release of volatiles from interior amorphous ice within a subsurface cavity; once the pressure in the cavity exceeded the surface strength, the material above the cavity was propelled from the comet. The size of the cavity and the tensile strength of the upper layer of the nucleus are constrained by the observed properties of the ejecta; tensile strengths on >10 m scale must be greater than 10 kPa. The appearance of the 2007 outburst is similar to that witnessed in 1892, but the 1892 explosion was less energetic by a factor of about 20.
description: 51 pages. Some figures compressed (see real journal for full quality). accepted by Icarus
Generation of continuous variable squeezing and entanglement of trapped ions in time-varying potentials
Creators: name: Serafini, Alessio
name: Retzker, Alex
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation of squeezing and entanglement for the motional degrees of freedom of ions in linear traps, confined by time-varying and oscillating potentials, comprised of an DC and an AC component. We show that high degrees of squeezing and entanglement can be obtained by controlling either the DC or the AC trapping component (or both), and by exploiting transient dynamics in regions where the ions' motion is unstable, without any added optical control. Furthermore, we investigate the time-scales over which the potentials should be switched in order for the manipulations to be most effective.
description: 10 pages, submitted to Quantum Information Processing (special issue on Quantum Decoherence and Entanglement)