cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Local Lipschitz Stability of Bayesian Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Sprungk, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B10, 62C10, 62F15, 62G35, 65N21

description: In this note we consider the stability of posterior measures occuring in Bayesian inference w.r.t. perturbations of the prior measure and the log-likelihood function. This extends the well-posedness analysis of Bayesian inverse problems. In particular, we prove a general local Lipschitz continuous dependence of the posterior on the prior and the log-likelihood w.r.t. various common distances of probability measures. These include the total variation, Hellinger, and Wasserstein distance and the Kullback-Leibler divergence. We only assume the boundedness of the likelihoods and measure their perturbations in an $L^p$-norm w.r.t. the prior. The obtained stability yields under mild assumptions the well-posedness of Bayesian inverse problems, in particular, a well-posedness w.r.t. the Wasserstein distance. Moreover, our results indicate an increasing sensitivity of Bayesian inference as the posterior becomes more concentrated, e.g., due to more or more accurate data. This confirms and extends previous observations made in the sensitivity analysis of Bayesian inference.
description: 28 pages
Photon flux determination of a liquid-metal jet x-ray source by means of photon scattering
Creators: name: Wansleben, Malte
name: Zech, Claudia
name: Streeck, Cornelia
name: Weser, Jan
name: Genzel, Christoph
name: Beckhoff, Burkhard
name: Mainz, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid-metal jet X-ray sources promise to deliver high photon fluxes, which are unprecedented for laboratory based X-ray sources, because the regenerating liquid-metal anode is less sensitive to damage caused by an increased electron beam power density. For some quantitative X-ray analysis techniques, knowledge of the absolute photon flux is needed. However, a precise experimental determination of the photon flux of high-performance X-ray sources is challenging, because a direct measurement results in significant dead time losses in the detector or could even harm the detector. Indirect determinations rely on data base values of attenuation or scattering cross sections leading to large uncertainties. In this study we present an experimental determination of the photon flux of a liquid-metal jet X-ray source by means of elastic and inelastic photon scattering. Our approach allows for referencing the unpolarized output radiation of the liquid-metal jet X-ray source to polarized synchrotron radiation in a simple setup. Absolute photon fluxes per solid angle are presented with a detailed uncertainty budget for the characteristic emission lines of Ga K$α$ and In K$α$ for two different acceleration voltages of the X-ray source. For a nominal setting of 200 W (70 kV, 2.857 mA) the determined values for Ga K$α$ and In K$α$ are 6.0(5)$\times 10^{12}$ s$^{-1}$sr$^{-1}$ and 3.8(4)$\times 10^{11}$ s$^{-1}$sr$^{-1}$, respectively.
description: detailed uncertainties
title: Investigating the mode of action of 1,3,4- oxadiazoles against malaria parasites
Creators: name: Rai, Anjana
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: malaria
subject: drug discovery
subject: drug resistance
subject: novel drug target

description: Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is one of the world’s most significant infectious diseases. Nearly half of the world’s population is at risk of infection and in 2021 there were >200 million clinical cases of malaria and >600,000 malaria associated deaths. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for most malaria-related morbidity and mortality, which occurs mainly in sub-Saharan Africa. There is no highly effective vaccine available for malaria, so treatment and prophylaxis rely heavily on antimalarial drugs. Unfortunately, malaria parasite resistance to all clinically used antimalarial drugs, including the gold-standard Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs), is a significant issue and means that new drugs are needed, particularly those with different modes of action to current drugs. Previous work in this laboratory screening the CSIRO Compound Library for antiparasitic agents identified a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (termed CSIRO-96A) as a new anti-plasmodial chemotype with a slow-action phenotype different to known antimalarial drugs. Representative compounds CSIRO-96A-1 and CSIRO-96A-3 were used to select for in vitro resistant P. falciparum parasites, sub-clones of which were found to have mutations in a gene encoding a putative palmitoyltransferase protein belonging to DHHC-CRD S-acyltransferase protein family (PfDHHC7). While the essentiality of pfdhhc7 in the asexual development stage of P. falciparum parasite is not clear, it is known to be expressed in P. falciparum schizonts and merozoites and localises to the rhoptry organelles that are involved in invasion, this protein is otherwise uncharacterised in Plasmodium parasites. Two independent non-synonymous mutations were identified as being associated with resistance to CSIRO-96A compounds, a tyrosine to serine change in amino acid 168 (Y168S) and a glycine to aspartic acid change at 380 (G380D). This led to the working hypothesis investigated in this thesis project, that PfDHHC7 is involved in the anti-plasmodial mode of action (MoA) or resistance mechanism of CSIRO-96A compounds. [...]
Complex Network Construction of Internet Financial risk
Creators: name: Xu, Runjie
name: Mi, Chuanmin
name: Mierzwiak, Rafal
name: Meng, Runyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Internet finance is a new financial model that applies Internet technology to payment, capital borrowing and lending and transaction processing. In order to study the internal risks, this paper uses the Internet financial risk elements as the network node to construct the complex network of Internet financial risk system. Different from the study of macroeconomic shocks and financial institution data, this paper mainly adopts the perspective of complex system to analyze the systematic risk of Internet finance. By dividing the entire financial system into Internet financial subnet, regulatory subnet and traditional financial subnet, the paper discusses the relationship between contagion and contagion among different risk factors, and concludes that risks are transmitted externally through the internal circulation of Internet finance, thus discovering potential hidden dangers of systemic risks. The results show that the nodes around the center of the whole system are the main objects of financial risk contagion in the Internet financial network. In addition, macro-prudential regulation plays a decisive role in the control of the Internet financial system, and points out the reasons why the current regulatory measures are still limited. This paper summarizes a research model which is still in its infancy, hoping to open up new prospects and directions for us to understand the cascading behaviors of Internet financial risks.
Numerical Simulations of MHD Turbulence in Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Balbus, Steven A.
name: Hawley, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review numerical simulations of MHD turbulence. The last decade has witnessed fundamental advances both in the technical capabilities of direct numerical simulation, and in our understanding of key physical processes. Magnetic fields tap directly into the free energy sources in a sufficiently ionized gas. The result is that adverse angular velocity and adverse temperature gradients, not the classical angular momentum and entropy gradients, destabilize laminar and stratified flow. This has profound consequences for astrophysical accretion flows, and has opened the door to a new era of numerical simulation experiments.}
description: To appear in ``Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in Astrophysics,'' eds. E. Falgarone and T. Passot, Lecture Notes in Physics, 20 pages
Tracing the power-law component in the energy spectrum of black hole candidates as a function of the QPO frequency
Creators: name: Vignarca, F.
name: Migliari, S.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Psaltis, D.
name: van der Klis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the relation between the centroid frequency of the quasi-periodic oscillation observed in the power density spectra of a sample of galactic black-hole candidates with the power-law photon index obtained from spectral fits. Our aim is to avoid inner accretion disk radius determination directly from spectral fits, given the uncertainties of the absolute values obtained in that way, but to base our analysis on the likely association of QPO frequency to a characteristic radius. We used archival RXTE data of GRS 1915+105 and published parameters for GRO 1655-40, XTE J1550-564, XTE J1748-288 and 4U 1630-47. While for low values of the QPO frequency, the two parameters are clearly correlated for each source, there is evidence for a turnoff in the correlation above a characteristic frequency, different for different sources. We discuss the possible nature of this turnoff.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Coelogyne alboviridis M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne alboviridis

description: Coelogyne alboviridis (J.J.Sm.) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum alboviride J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 5: 29 (1922).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
Impacts of radiative corrections on measurements of lepton flavour universality in $B \to D \ell ν_{\ell}$ decays
Creators: name: Calí, Stefano
name: Klaver, Suzanne
name: Rotondo, Marcello
name: Sciascia, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative corrections to $B \to D \ell ν_{\ell}$ decays may have an impact on predictions and measurements of the lepton flavour universality observables $\mathcal{R}(D^+)$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^0)$. In this paper, a comparison between recent calculations of the effect of soft-photon corrections on $\mathcal{R}(D^+)$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^0)$, and corrections generated by the widely used package PHOTOS is given. The impact of long-distance Coulomb interactions, which are not simulated in PHOTOS, is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of high-energy photon emission is studied through pseudo-experiments in an LHCb-like environment. It is found that over- or underestimating these emissions can cause a bias on $\mathcal{R}(D)$ as high as 7%. However, this bias depends on individual analyses, and future high precision measurements require an accurate evaluation of these QED corrections.
description: 8 pages, 21 figures, published by EPJC
Compound-tunable embedding potential method and its application to fersmite crystal
Creators: name: Maltsev, D. A.
name: Lomachuk, Yu. V.
name: Shakhova, V. M.
name: Mosyagin, N. S.
name: Skripnikov, L. V.
name: Titov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compound-tunable embedding potential (CTEP) method is proposed. A fragment of some chemical compound, "main cluster" in the present paper, is limited by boundary anions such that the nearest environmental atoms are cations. The CTEP method is based on constructing the embedding potential as linear combination of short-range "electron-free" spherical "tunable" pseudopotentials for cations from nearest environment of the main cluster, whereas the long-range CTEP part consists of Coulomb potentials from optimized fractional point charges centered on both environmental cations and anions. A pilot application of the CTEP method to the fersmite crystal, CaNb$_2$O$_6$, is performed and a remarkable agreement of the electronic density and interatomic distances within the fragment with those of the original periodic crystal calculation is attained. Characteristics of "atoms-in-compounds" which are of great importance for compound of $f$- and $d$-elements (Nb in fersmite) are considered on examples of chemical shifts of $K_{α_{1,2}}\ $ and $K_{β_{1,2}}\ $ lines of X-ray emission spectra in niobium. A very promising potential of this approach in studying variety of properties of point defects containing $f$- and heavy $d$-elements with relativistic effects, extended basis set and broken crystal symmetry considered is discussed.
Coelogyne alpina M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne alpina

description: Coelogyne alpina (Carr) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum alpinum Carr, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 8: 235 (1935).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
Heterogeneity in Microseismicity and Stress Near Rupture-Limiting Section Boundaries Along the Late-Interseismic Alpine Fault
Creators: name: Warren-Smith, E
name: Townend, John
name: Chamberlain, Calum
name: Boulton, Carolyn
name: Michailos, K
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 3706
subject: Geophysics
classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences
classificationCode: 3703
subject: Geochemistry

description: Paleoseismic evidence from the late-interseismic Alpine Fault suggests key section boundaries conditionally inhibit rupture. We utilize a year of data from a two-part seismometer network (Dense Westland Arrays Researching Fault Segmentation) to characterize ∼7,500 earthquakes (−0.7 ≤ MLv ≤ 4.2) and ∼800 focal mechanisms, producing high-resolution structural images of these boundaries to study effects of material and structural heterogeneities on mode-switching rupture behavior. Lithologically-controlled frictional behavior and crustal strength appear to influence lateral and vertical on-fault seismicity distributions. Ultramafic hanging-wall serpentinite and serpentinite-related fault core minerals along the South Westland (SW) boundary, result in a locally shallow seismogenic cuttoff (∼8 km) and abundant on-fault seismicity. Maximum horizontal compressive stress rotations (14° anti-clockwise and 20° clockwise near the SW and North Westland (NW) boundaries, respectively, relative to the Central Section), coupled with spatially variable fault frictional properties, are more important than geometry alone in controlling Sections' relative frictional stability. Whereas the SW and Central Sections are well-oriented for failure, the NW Section is severely misoriented compared with favorably oriented faults of the Marlborough Fault Zone, which possibly facilitate a preferred rupture route. Geometrically, a 40° dip change at the SW boundary may be accommodated either by a single through-going fault plane - a difficult geometry across which to obtain multi-segment earthquakes when considering rupture dynamics - or by a deeper vertical fault strand truncated by a shallower listric plane. Our new observations have implications for Alpine Fault rupture scenarios and highlight the need to consider a range of spatially heterogeneous, interdependent physical factors when evaluating controls on rupture segmentation.
Additional file 1 of Is there a relationship between psoriasis and hepatitis C? A meta-analysis and bioinformatics investigation
Creators: name: Liu, Yong
name: Cui, Sheng Nan
name: Duan, Meng Yao
name: Dou, Zhi Li
name: Li, Yi Zhen
name: Liu, Yi Xing
name: Xia, Ye
name: Zhang, Jia Wei
name: Yan, Xiao Ning
name: Han, Dong Ran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Customized Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for studies.
Questaal: a package of electronic structure methods based on the linear muffin-tin orbital technique
Creators: name: Pashov, Dimitar
name: Acharya, Swagata
name: Lambrecht, Walter R. L.
name: Jackson, Jerome
name: Belashchenko, Kirill D.
name: Chantis, Athanasios
name: Jamet, Francois
name: van Schilfgaarde, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarises the theory and functionality behind Questaal, an open-source suite of codes for calculating the electronic structure and related properties of materials from first principles. The formalism of the linearised muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) method is revisited in detail and developed further by the introduction of short-ranged tight-binding basis functions for full-potential calculations. The LMTO method is presented in both Green's function and wave function formulations for bulk and layered systems. The suite's full-potential LMTO code uses a sophisticated basis and augmentation method that allows an efficient and precise solution to the band problem at different levels of theory, most importantly density functional theory, LDA+U, quasi-particle self-consistent GW and combinations of these with dynamical mean field theory. This paper details the technical and theoretical bases of these methods, their implementation in Questaal, and provides an overview of the code's design and capabilities.
description: a number of small corrections
title: A quantitative in-depth analysis of the prototype sdB plus BD system SDSS J08205+0008 revisited in the Gaia era
Creators: name: Schaffenroth, Veronika
name: Casewell, Sarah L.
name: Schneider, D.
name: Kilkenny, David
name: Geier, Stephan
name: Heber, Ulrich
name: Irrgang, Andreas
name: Przybilla, Norbert
name: Marsh, Thomas R.
name: Littlefair, Stuart P.
name: Dhillon, Vik S.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 530 Physik

description: Subdwarf B stars are core-helium-burning stars located on the extreme horizontal branch (EHB). Extensive mass loss on the red giant branch is necessary to form them. It has been proposed that substellar companions could lead to the required mass loss when they are engulfed in the envelope of the red giant star. J08205+0008 was the first example of a hot subdwarf star with a close, substellar companion candidate to be found. Here, we perform an in-depth re-analysis of this important system with much higher quality data allowing additional analysis methods. From the higher resolution spectra obtained with ESO-VLT/XSHOOTER, we derive the chemical abundances of the hot subdwarf as well as its rotational velocity. Using the Gaia parallax and a fit to the spectral energy distribution in the secondary eclipse, tight constraints to the radius of the hot subdwarf are derived. From a long-term photometric campaign, we detected a significant period decrease of -3.2(8) x 10(-12) dd(-1). This can be explained by the non-synchronized hot subdwarf star being spun up by tidal interactions forcing it to become synchronized. From the rate of period decrease we could derive the synchronization time-scale to be 4 Myr, much smaller than the lifetime on EHB. By combining all different methods, we could constrain the hot subdwarf to a mass of 0.39-0.50 M-circle dot and a radius of R-sdB = 0.194 +/- 0.008 R-circle dot, and the companion to 0.061-0.071 M-circle dot with a radius of R-comp = 0.092 +/- 0.005 R-circle dot, below the hydrogen-burning limit. We therefore confirm that the companion is most likely a massive brown dwarf.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1463
'Round the Clock Observations of the Q0957+561 A,B Gravitationally Lensed Quasar
Creators: name: Colley, Wesley N.
name: Schild, Rudolph E.
name: Abajas, Cristina
name: Alcalde, David
name: Aslan, Zeki
name: Barrena, Rafael
name: Dudinov, Vladimir
name: Khamitov, Irek
name: Kjernsmo, Kjetil
name: Lee, Hyun Ju
name: Lee, Jonghwan
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Licandro, Javier
name: Maoz, Dan
name: Mediavilla, Evencio
name: Motta, Veronica
name: Munoz, Jose
name: Oscoz, Alex
name: Serra-Ricart, Miquel
name: Sinelnikov, Igor
name: Stabell, Rolf
name: Teuber, Jan
name: Zheleznyak, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An observing campaign with 10 participating observatories has undertaken to monitor the optical brightness of the Q0957 gravitationally lensed quasar for 10 consecutive nights in January 2000. The resulting A image brightness curve has significant brightness fluctuations and makes a photometric prediction for the B image light curve for a second campaign planned for 12-21 March 2001. The ultimate purpose is to determine the gravitational lens time delay to a fraction of an hour, and to seek evidence for rapid microlensing.
description: 8 pages, AASTeX 4.0, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Inflamed actinic keratoses as a biomarker in repositioning of chemotherapeutics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Baglama, Špela Šuler
name: Peteln, Irena
name: Jemec, Gregor B. E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Inflammation of actinic keratoses (AK) was originally described with systemic 5-fluorouracil, and led to the development of topical fluorouracil. Similar observations using different chemotherapeutics may point to other drugs with a potential for repositioning. This systematic review aims to evaluate chemotherapeutic agents linked to inflammation-induced cure of AK. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022346168) and followed PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search for eligible original articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals until July 13, 2022 was conducted in MEDLINE and Embase. 28 articles met inclusion criteria accounting for 36 patients (mean age 68.4 ± 8.3 years) with inflamed AK, exposed to 21 different chemotherapeutic agents – 21/36 (58.3%) received monotherapy and 15/36 (41.7%) received multidrug combinations. Regression was complete in 13/28 (46.4%) and partial in 14/28 (50.0%) of inflamed AK. Cure rates of inflamed AK in multidrug combinations were not superior to monotherapies (p = .252), leading to the observation that the majority of the former (14/15; 93.3%) encompassed one of five chemotherapeutic agents linked to AK inflammation also as a monotherapy. Overall, inflammation partially/completely cured AK in 96.4% of patients (27/28). Taxanes, pemetrexed, and doxorubicin might have the potential for the management of AK.
Nash Bargaining Over Margin Loans to Kelly Gamblers
Creators: name: Garivaltis, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: I derive practical formulas for optimal arrangements between sophisticated stock market investors (namely, continuous-time Kelly gamblers or, more generally, CRRA investors) and the brokers who lend them cash for leveraged bets on a high Sharpe asset (i.e. the market portfolio). Rather than, say, the broker posting a monopoly price for margin loans, the gambler agrees to use a greater quantity of margin debt than he otherwise would in exchange for an interest rate that is lower than the broker would otherwise post. The gambler thereby attains a higher asymptotic capital growth rate and the broker enjoys a greater rate of intermediation profit than would obtain under non-cooperation. If the threat point represents a vicious breakdown of negotiations (resulting in zero margin loans), then we get an elegant rule of thumb: $r_L^*=(3/4)r+(1/4)(ν-σ^2/2)$, where $r$ is the broker's cost of funds, $ν$ is the compound-annual growth rate of the market index, and $σ$ is the annual volatility. We show that, regardless of the particular threat point, the gambler will negotiate to size his bets as if he himself could borrow at the broker's call rate.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
FUSE Observations of U Geminorum During Outburst and Decline
Creators: name: Froning, C. S.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Drew, J. E.
name: Knigge, C.
name: Proga, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained FUV (904 -- 1187 Å) spectra of U Gem in outburst with FUSE. Three of the observations were acquired during the plateau phase of the outburst, while the fourth was obtained during late outburst decline. The plateau spectra have continuum shapes and fluxes that are approximated by steady-state accretion disk model spectra with $\dot{m} \simeq$ 7e-09 M_sun/yr. The spectra also show numerous absorption lines of H I, He II, and two- to five-times ionized transitions of C, N, O, P, S and Si. There are no emission features in the spectra, with the possible exception of a weak feature on the red wing of the O VI doublet. The absorption lines are narrow (FWHM ~ 500 km/s), too narrow to arise from the disk photosphere, and at low velocities (<= 700 km/s). The S VI and O VI doublets are optically thick. The absorption lines in the plateau spectra show orbital variability: in spectra obtained at orbital phases 0.53 -- 0.79, low-ionization absorption lines appear and the central depths of the pre-existing lines increase. The increase in line absorption occurs at the same orbital phases as previously observed EUV and X-ray light curve dips. If the absorbing material is in (near-) Keplerian rotation around the disk, it must be located at large disk radii. The final observation occurred when U Gem was about two magnitudes from optical quiescence. The spectra are dominated by emission from an $\simeq$43,000 K, metal-enriched white dwarf (WD). The inferred radius of the WD is 4.95e+08 cm, close to that observed in quiescence. Allowing for a hot heated region on the surface of the WD improves the fit to the spectrum at short (< 960 Å) wavelengths.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, prepared using emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Better turbulence spectra from DBS wind lidar
Creators: name: Kelberlau, Felix
name: Mann, Jakob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: We present an innovative data processing method for Doppler beam swinging (DBS) scanning wind lidar, e.g., a Windcube lidar. The purpose is to measure turbulence spectra with a pulsed lidar more accurately. The conventional data processing method uses radial velocity data from consecutively scanned beams in different line-of-sight directions to reconstruct wind vectors. Turbulence spectra derived from these wind vectors show strong cross-contamination among the wind velocity components at certain wave numbers, depending on the separation distances. To avoid this type of cross-contamination, we suggest introducing a time delay t into the data processing. This delay compensates for the time that the air volume needs to be convected by the mean wind velocity from one measurement point to the other. The new method uses the frozen turbulence hypothesis to scan identical air volumes from two different angles by a single lidar unit. The approach builds on the study by Kelberlau and Mann (2019) which focused on velocity azimuth display (VAD) scanning wind lidar. Applying the principle to DBS scanning leads to different challenges. Firstly, the sampling frequency of the WindCube is comparably low. This limits the possible time lags t, which makes it only possible to shift the resonance into a higher wave number region that contains less energy but not to eliminate it. Secondly, line-of-sight velocities are only available from the four cardinal directions and not from virtually all azimuth angles, which makes the shape of the turbulence spectra dependent on the prevailing mean wind direction. By contrast, the ability to measure at many height levels simultaneously is an advantage. To predict the spectra for arbitrary wind directions, we use simulated lidar measurements sampled in a turbulence box generated from a spectral tensor. The comparison of the results with field measurements proves the validity of the assumptions. We show the limitations for measuring turbulence spectra with DBS scanning wind lidar in all wind directions and conclude with recommendations for when to apply the new processing method.
Detection of an Iron Emission Feature from the Lensed BAL QSO H1413+117 at z=2.56
Creators: name: Oshima, T.
name: Mitsuda, K.
name: Fujimoto, R.
name: Iyomoto, N.
name: Futamoto, K.
name: Hattori, M.
name: Ota, N.
name: Mori, K.
name: Ikebe, Y.
name: Miralles, J. M.
name: Kneib, J-P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the X-ray energy spectrum of the lensed BAL QSO H1413+117 (the Cloverleaf) at z=2.56 observed with the Chandra X-ray observatory. We detected 293 photons in a 40 ks Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS-S) observation. The X-ray image consists of four lensed image components, thus the photons are from the lensed QSO itself. The overall spectrum can be described with a power-law function heavily absorbed by neutral matter at a redshift consistent with the QSO redshift. This supports the idea that intrinsic absorption is significant for BAL QSOs. The spectral fit significantly (99% confidence) improves when we include an emission line. The centroid energy and intrinsic width (Gaussian σ) of the line are 6.21 \pm 0.16 keV and 220 ^{+270}_{-130} eV (90% errors), respectively, in the QSO rest frame, assuming the absorbed power-law as the continuum. The equivalent width of the line in the QSO rest frame is 960 ^{+1400}_{-480} eV. We suggest that the large equivalent width, the centroid energy, and the line broadness can be explained by iron K emission arising from X-ray reprocessing in the BAL flow, assuming it has a conical thin-sheet structure.
description: 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A comparison of dynamical fluctuations of biased diffusion and run-and-tumble dynamics in one dimension
Creators: name: Mallmin, Emil
name: Blythe, Richard A
name: Evans, Martin R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the fluctuations in the velocity and in the fraction of time spent at a given position for minimal models of a passive and an active particle: an asymmetric random walker and a run-and-tumble particle in continuous time and on a 1D lattice. We compute rate functions and effective dynamics conditioned on large deviations for these observables. While generally different, for a unique and non-trivial choice of rates (up to a rescaling of time) the velocity rate functions for the two models become identical, whereas the effective processes generating the fluctuations remain distinct. This equivalence coincides with a remarkable parity of the spectra of the processes' generators. For the occupation-time problem, we show that both the passive and active particles undergo a prototypical dynamical phase transition when the average velocity is non-vanishing in the long-time limit.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Coelogyne ambangensis M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne ambangensis

description: Coelogyne ambangensis (H.A.Pedersen) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum ambangense H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15: 391 (1995 publ. 1996).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
The X-ray spectrum of Fe XVII revisited with a multi-ion model
Creators: name: Doron, Rami
name: Behar, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical intensities of the soft X-ray Fe XVII lines arising from 2l-3l' transitions are reexamined using a three-ion collisional-radiative model that includes the contributions to line formation of radiative recombination (RR), dielectronic recombination (DR), resonant excitation (RE), and inner-shell collisional ionization (CI), in addition to the usual contribution of collisional excitation (CE). These additional processes enhance mostly the 2p-3s lines and not the 2p-3d lines. Under coronal equilibrium conditions, in the electron temperature range of 400 to 600 eV where the Fe XVII line emissivities peak, the combined effect of the additional processes is to enhance the 2p-3s lines at 16.78, 17.05, and 17.10 A, by ~ 25%, 30%, and 55%, respectively, compared with their traditional, single-ion CE values. The weak 2p-3d line at 15.45 A is also enhanced by up to 20%, while the other 2p-3d lines are almost unaffected. The effects of DR and RE are found to be dominant in this temperature range (400 - 600 eV), while that of CI is 3% at the most, and the contribution of RR is less than 1%. At lower temperatures, where the Fe XVII / Fe XVIII abundance ratio is high, the RE effect dominates. However, as the temperature rises and the Fe XVIII abundance increases, the DR effect takes over. The newly calculated line powers can reproduce most of the often observed high values of the (I17.05 + I17.10) / I15.01 intensity ratio. The importance of ionization and recombination processes to the line strengths also helps to explain why laboratory measurements in which CE is essentially the sole mechanism agree well with single-ion calculations, but do not reproduce the astrophysically observed ratios.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Research update Save Lake Balkhash International.pdf
Creators: name: Ussenaliyeva, Aizhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 40301 Basin Analysis
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40501 Biological Oceanography
subject: Atmospheric Sciences

description: My update on research related to the lakes preservation methodology based on my case of Save Lake Balkhash International Project
Novel synthetic opioids – toxicological aspects and analysis
Creators: name: Tabarra, Inês
name: Soares, Sofia
name: Rosado, Tiago
name: Gonçalves, Joana
name: Luís, Ângelo
name: Malaca, Sara
name: Barroso, Mário
name: Keller, Thomas
name: Restolho, José
name: Gallardo, Eugenia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Over the past few years, there has been an emerging number of new psychoactive drugs. These drugs are frequently mentioned as “legal highs”, “herbal highs”, “bath salts” and “research chemicals”. They are mostly sold and advertised on online forums and on the dark web. The emerging new psychoactive substances are designed to mimic the effects of psychoactive groups, which are often abused drugs. Novel synthetic opioids are a new trend in this context and represent an alarming threat to public health. Given the wide number of fatalities related to these compounds reported within the last few years, it is an important task to accurately identify these compounds in biologic matrices in order to administer an effective treatment and reverse the respiratory depression caused by opioid related substances. Clinicians dealing with fentanyl intoxication cases should consider that it could, in fact, be a fentanyl analogue. For this reason, it is a helpful recommendation to include synthetic opioids in the routine toxicological screening procedures, including analysis in alternative matrices, if available, to investigate poly-drug use and possible tolerance to opioids. To address this public health problem, better international collaboration, effective legislation, effective investigation, control of suspicious “research chemicals” online forums and continuous community alertness are required. This article aims to review diverse reported fatalities associated with new synthetic opioids describing them in terms of pharmacology, metabolism, posology, available forms, as well as their toxic effects, highlighting the sample procedures and analytical techniques available for their detection and quantification in biological matrices.
Additional file 1: of Macrophage migration inhibitory factor facilitates production of CCL5 in astrocytes following rat spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Zhou, Yue
name: Guo, Wei
name: Zhu, Zhenjie
name: Hu, Yuming
name: Wang, Yingjie
name: Zhang, Xuejie
name: Wang, Wenjuan
name: Du, Nan
name: Song, Tiancheng
name: Yang, Kaini
name: Guan, Zongyu
name: Wang, Yongjun
name: Guo, Aisong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Figure S1. Determination of CCL5 colocalization with NeuN-, IBA-1-, or Olig2-positive cells following spinal cord contusion at 4Â days. (PDF 397Â kb)
A Numerical Method for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: De Villiers, Jean-Pierre
name: Hawley, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the development and testing of a general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code to study ideal MHD in the fixed background of a Kerr black hole. The code is a direct extension of the hydrodynamic code of Hawley, Smarr, and Wilson, and uses Evans and Hawley constrained transport (CT) to evolve the magnetic fields. Two categories of test cases were undertaken. A one dimensional version of the code (Minkowski metric) was used to verify code performance in the special relativistic limit. The tests include Alfvén wave propagation, fast and slow magnetosonic shocks, rarefaction waves, and both relativistic and non-relativistic shock tubes. A series of one- and two-dimensional tests were also carried out in the Kerr metric: magnetized Bondi inflow, a magnetized inflow test due to Gammie, and two-dimensional magnetized constant-$l$ tori that are subject to the magnetorotational instability.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ. Animations can be viewed at http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~jd5v/grmhd/grmhd.html
A hybrid particle volume-of-fluid method for curvature estimation in multiphase flows
Creators: name: Karnakov, Petr
name: Litvinov, Sergey
name: Koumoutsakos, Petros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a particle method for estimating the curvature of interfaces in volume-of-fluid simulations of multiphase flows. The method is well suited for under-resolved interfaces, and it is shown to be more accurate than the parabolic fitting that is employed in such cases. The curvature is computed from the equilibrium positions of particles constrained to circular arcs and attracted to the interface. The proposed particle method is combined with the method of height functions at higher resolutions, and it is shown to outperform the current combinations of height functions and parabolic fitting. The algorithm is conceptually simple and straightforward to implement on new and existing software frameworks for multiphase flow simulations thus enhancing their capabilities in challenging flow problems. We evaluate the proposed hybrid method on a number of two- and three-dimensional benchmark flow problems and illustrate its capabilities on simulations of flows involving bubble coalescence and turbulent multiphase flows.
description: 25 pages, 33 figures
Spectral Consequences of Deviation from Spherical Composition Symmetry in Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Thomas, R. C.
name: Kasen, Daniel
name: Branch, David
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects for constraining the maximum scale of clumping in composition that is consistent with observed Type Ia supernova flux spectra. Synthetic spectra generated without purely spherical composition symmetry indicate that gross asymmetries make prominent changes to absorption features. Motivated by this, we consider the case of a single unblended line forming in an atmosphere with perturbations of different scales and spatial distributions. Perturbations of about 1% of the area of the photodisk simply weaken the absorption feature by the same amount independent of the line of sight. Conversely, perturbations of about 10% of the area of the photodisk introduce variation in the absorption depth which does depend on the line of sight. Thus, 1% photodisk area perturbations may be consistent with observed profile homogeneity but 10% photodisk area perturbations can not. Based on this, we suggest that the absence of significant variation in the depths of Si II 6355 absorption features in normal Type Ia spectra near maximum light indicates that any composition perturbations in these events are quite small. This also constrains future three-dimensional explosion models to produce ejecta profiles with only small scale inhomogeneities.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Coelogyne anfracta M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne anfracta

description: Coelogyne anfracta (Ames) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Acoridium anfractum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 19: 148 (1906).
 Homotypic synonyms: Dendrochilum anfractum (Ames) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 50 II B 7: 118 (1907). Pseudacoridium anfractum (Ames) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46: 114 (2001).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
Study on CePtIn4 grown in a platelet-like morphology
Creators: name: Das, Debarchan
name: Daszkiewicz, Marek
name: Gnida, Daniel
name: Hackemer, Alicja
name: Werwiński, Mirosław
name: Szajek, Andrzej
name: Kaczorowski, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our comprehensive structural investigation performed on single crystals of CePtIn4 grown from In flux in a platelet-like morphology. They were found to crystalize in an orthorhombic structure having space group Cmcm (no. 63) with the lattice parameters a = 4.52175 (15) Å, b = 16.7777 (5) Å, and c = 7.3903 (2) Å. The unit cell volume of such crystals is slightly larger than that of previously reported needle-shaped single crystals of CePtIn4. This feature seems to influence the low-temperature physical properties of the compound, such as enhanced ordering temperature (TN = 2.3 K versus 1.65 K, observed before) along with a sharp drop in the electrical resistivity at TN (that was absent for the needle-like CePtIn4). In addition to the experimental data, we present the results of our ab-initio calculations of the electronic structure of CePtIn4 with the platelet-like morphology.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
title: Discrimination, Managers, and Firm Performance: Evidence from “Aryanizations” in Nazi Germany
Creators: name: Huber, Kilian
name: Lindenthal, Volker
name: Waldinger, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2019

description: Large-scale increases in discriminatory attitudes can lead to the dismissal of highly qualifed business leaders who belong to targeted groups. We study how the forced removal of Jewish managers in Nazi Germany, caused by surging antisemitism, affected large firms. The loss of Jewish managers with certain qualifcations led to large and persistent stock price reductions for afected firms. Dividend payments and returns on assets also declined. A back-of-theenvelope calculation suggests that the aggregate market valuation of firms listed in Berlin fell by 1.8 percent of German GNP. The findings imply that discrimination can lead to persistent and first-order economic losses.