cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life
Creators: name: Shao, Yan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Human gut microbiota
Microbiome
Metagenomics

description: Immediately after birth, newborn babies experience rapid colonisation by microorganisms from their mothers and the surrounding environment. Diseases in childhood and later in life are potentially mediated through perturbation of the infant gut microbiota colonisations. However, the impact of modern clinical practices, such as caesarean-section delivery and antibiotic usage, on the earliest stages of gut microbiota acquisition and development during the neonatal period (≤1 month) remains controversial. In this thesis, I generated and analysed the largest datasets of shotgun metagenomes, isolate genomes and metagenome-assembled genomes of the neonatal gut microbiota to date. In the largest birth cohort study of its kind, I profiled the gut microbiomes of 771 UK healthy term infants and mothers through shotgun metagenomic sequencing 1,679 longitudinal faecal samples. Here I report that the mode of delivery is a significant factor that affects the composition of the gut microbiota throughout the neonatal period, and into infancy. This is evident by the disrupted transmission of maternal Bacteroides strains, and high-level colonisation by opportunistic pathogens associated with the hospital healthcare environments (including Enterococcus, Enterobacter and Klebsiella species), in babies delivered by caesarean section. Furthermore, I validated culture-independent detection of pathogen species by matched large-scale culturing, and whole-genome sequencing of over 800 bacterial strains cultured from these babies identified virulence factors and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance in opportunistic pathogens that may predispose to opportunistic infections. These findings highlight the critical role of the local environment in establishing the gut microbiota in very early life, and identify colonisation with antimicrobial-resistance-containing opportunistic pathogens as a previously underappreciated risk factor in hospital births.
description: Wellcome Trust
Merhippolyte chacei Kensley, Griffin & Tranter 1987
Creators: name: Ahyong, Shane T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Hippolytidae
Merhippolyte
Merhippolyte chacei

description: Merhippolyte chacei Kensley, Griffin & Tranter, 1987
(Fig. 4F)
 Merhippolyte chacei Kensley, Griffin & Tranter, 1987: 309–312, figs. 18, 19 [type locality: E. of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 686 m]. — Poore et al. 2008: 84.
 Material examined. Bay of Plenty: NIWA 13674, 1 female (cl 8.2 mm), Tumokemoke Seamount, 37°27.95– 27.97’S, 176°57.28–57.05’E, 474– 435 m, TAN0413/168, 15.XI.2004.
 Challenger Plateau: NIWA 33172, 3 ov. females (cl 8.4–9.5 mm), 38°12.45’S, 168°35.10’E, 512–526 m, TAN0707/84, 3. VI.2007; NIWA 42683, 1 ov. female (cl 9.3 mm), 39°32.61’S, 169°42.87’E, 636– 634 m, TAN0707/93, 4. VI.2007.
 Remarks. The specimens agree well with the type description and extend the known range of the species from southern Australia to the Challenger Plateau, New Zealand. The rostral spination of the New Zealand specimens (5 or 6 dorsal of which 2 are postorbital; 7 ventral) resembles that of Australian material (4 or 5 dorsal of which 2 are postorbital; 7 ventral) (Kensley et al. 1987).
 Distribution. Southern Australia (New South Wales, Tasmania, Western Australia) and now from the Challenger Plateau and Bay of Plenty, New Zealand; 435–1000 m.
description: Published as part of Ahyong, Shane T., 2010, New species and new records of Caridea (Hippolytidae: Pasiphaeidae) from New Zealand *, pp. 341-357 in Zootaxa 2372 (1) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2372.1.26, http://zenodo.org/record/5306119
Activation processes in biology
Creators: name: Bell, Samuel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Matter
subject: Biological Physics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Stochastic Physics
subject: Stochastic processes
subject: mean first passage time
subject: thermal activation
subject: activation processes
subject: polymer physics
subject: polymer adsorption
subject: microswimmers
subject: active matter
subject: protein unfolding
subject: force spectroscopy
subject: mechanosensing
subject: focal adhesion kinase
subject: cell adhesion
subject: self assembly

description: Many processes in physics and biology can be understand through the framework of escape from a metastable state, including (but not limited to) the rates of chemical reactions, the unfolding of proteins, the nucleation of bubbles, and the condensation of gases. To understand the kinetics of these processes, we have to be able to calculate the rate of escape. In this thesis, I solve several of such of escape problems, each addressing a specific physical or biological system. I first show how the forced unfolding of heteropolymers could be a process with non-exponential kinetics, developing ideas about the importance of unfolding pathways in determining kinetics of unfolding. Then, I consider forced unfolding when a molecule is attached to a yielding (viscoelastic) substrate, and a constant force is applied. I show that the rates of unfolding depend on both the elastic and viscous response of the substrate. This problem is related to the biological process of mechanosensing, when the unfolding `sensor' protein exposes catalytic residues and generates a chemical signal to the cell. Related to this is the analysis of population-dynamics study of cells adhesion on substrates, which allows me to extract key characteristics and parameters of the adhesome complex. Then, I apply the ideas of escape from a metastable state to ask about the rates of a ligand at the end of a tethered polymer binding to a surface receptor, using a mean field approach to reduce the problem to one dimension. I show that there is a trade-off between the entropic cost of reaching to a receptor vs the volumetric cost of expanding the tether length. I then show that for a Gaussian chain with multiple ligands along its length, there exists a finite, non-zero optimal number of ligands to minimise the time taken for the end of the chain to bind to the surface. Finally, I consider the problem of microswimmers in an obstacle lattice, calculating their transport properties, and showing how we can use lattices to examine the underlying stochastic dynamics.
description: I was funded through an EPSRC studentship: EP/M508007/1.
Evolution of rotated Brass texture by cross rolling: implications on formability
Creators: name: Sumeet Mishra
name: Mirtunjay Kumar
name: Singh, Amit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the present work, the possibilities of tailoring crystallographic texture via cross rolling are presented. It is shown that a strong rotated Brass texture develops upon cross rolling in aluminium alloys which also remains intact during the subsequent recrystallisation annealing treatment. The governing mechanisms behind the evolution of deformation and recrystallisation texture are discussed in terms of effect of strain path on stability of deformation texture components and strain-induced boundary migration mechanism, respectively. In addition, the likelihood of rotated Brass texture having a positive effect on formability is discussed in terms of sluggish cross-slip criteria as the rotated Brass texture presents a unique scenario where cross-slip is inhibited along all the three principal directions.
Epidemiological Investigations of Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity on Longevity and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Creators: name: Mok, Zhen Yong Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medical Science
Population Health Sciences
Epidemiology
Public Health
Longevity
Mortality
Cardiometabolic
Cardiovascular Disease
Heart Disease
Cerebrovascular Disease
Stroke
Diabetes
Cancer
Lifestyle
Diet
Nutrition
Food
Physical Activity
Exercise
Fitness
Obesity
Longitudinal Study
Cohort Study
Meta-analysis

description: Unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are important modifiable risk factors for premature mortality and major chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (diabetes). However, few large-scale studies have examined the combined influence of overall diet quality and physical activity on longevity and the risk of clinically-diagnosed CVD and diabetes in adults recruited from the general population. Of popular opinion, is the notion that the health risks from poor diets can be compensated by physical activity; i.e. that one can “outrun a bad diet”. The food industry has often sought to sway public opinion towards the belief that dietary indulgences can be enjoyed as long as one engages in sufficient physical activity. However, it is unclear if the risk of premature mortality and cardiometabolic disease from unhealthy diets can be offset by physical activity, and vice versa. Therefore, the overall theme of this dissertation is to examine the epidemiological associations of diet quality and physical activity on the risk of mortality, CVD and diabetes. Specific objectives are to: 1) Study the independent associations of overall diet quality and physical activity on the primary outcomes of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. 2) Examine the dose-response associations between physical activity and the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease, including more of the evidence base by employing comprehensive exposure dose-harmonisation methods. 3) Examine the interactions between diet and physical activity on the health outcomes: a. If the risk of mortality and cardiometabolic disease from unhealthy diets can be offset by physical activity, and vice versa. (i.e. compensation) b. If diet and physical activity can work synergistically to further lower the risk of mortality and cardiometabolic disease, beyond the independent effect from each exposure alone (i.e. synergism) 4) Quantify the population health impacts of diet and physical activity, in terms of preventable events (deaths and disease cases) associated with both exposures, as well as the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of poor diet and inactivity contextualised with other major lifestyle risk factors. 5) Examine the long-term trajectories of physical activity (increases, decreases, and maintenance) on the risk of mortality. These investigations can bring further clarity to the public health messaging around diet and physical activity for improving longevity and the prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes
MOESM1 of Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for overweight and obesity during pregnancy: a systematic review of the content of behaviour change interventions
Creators: name: Flannery, Caragh
name: Fredrix, Milou
name: Olander, Ellinor
name: McAuliffe, Fionnuala
name: Byrne, Molly
name: Kearney, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Database searches.
Memory Effects in Turbulent Dynamo: Generation and Propagation of Large Scale Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Fedotov, Sergei
name: Ivanov, Alexey
name: Zubarev, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are concerned with large scale magnetic field dynamo generation and propagation of magnetic fronts in turbulent electrically conducting fluids. An effective equation for the large scale magnetic field is developed here that takes into account the finite correlation times of the turbulent flow. This equation involves the memory integrals corresponding to the dynamo source term describing the alpha-effect and turbulent transport of magnetic field. We find that the memory effects can drastically change the dynamo growth rate, in particular, non-local turbulent transport might increase the growth rate several times compared to the conventional gradient transport expression. Moreover, the integral turbulent transport term leads to a large decrease of the speed of magnetic front propagation.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
New Charged Dilaton Solutions in 2+1 Dimensions and Solutions with Cylindrical Symmetry in 3+1 Dimensions
Creators: name: Fernando, Sharmanthie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new family of solutions to Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity in 2+1 dimensions and Einstein-Maxwell gravity with cylindrical symmetry in 3+1 dimensions. A set of static charged solutions in 2+1 dimensions are obtained by a compactification of charged solutions in 3+1 dimensions with cylindrical symmetry. These solutions contain naked singularities for certain values of the parameters considered. New rotating charged solutions in 2+1 dimensions and 3+1 dimensions are generated treating the static charged solutions as seed metrics and performing $SL(2;R)$ transformations.
description: Latex. No figures
On the Hardware Feasibility of Nonlinear Trajectory Optimization for Legged Locomotion based on a Simplified Dynamics
Creators: name: Bratta, Angelo
name: Orsolino, Romeo
name: Focchi, Michele
name: Barasuol, Victor
name: Muscolo, Giovanni Gerardo
name: Semini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simplified models are useful to increase the computational efficiency of a motion planning algorithm, but their lack of accuracy have to be managed. We propose two feasibility constraints to be included in a Single Rigid Body Dynamicsbased trajectory optimizer in order to obtain robust motions in challenging terrain. The first one finds an approximate relationship between joint-torque limits and admissible contact forces, without requiring the joint positions. The second one proposes a leg model to prevent leg collision with the environment. Such constraints have been included in a simplified nonlinear nonconvex trajectory optimization problem. We demonstrate the feasibility of the resulting motion plans both in simulation and on the Hydraulically actuated Quadruped (HyQ) robot, considering experiments on an irregular terrain.
Atmospheric Neutrino Fluxes
Creators: name: Gaisser, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This talk is a status report on calculations of the flux of atmospheric neutrinos from the sub-GeV range to E_ν~ PeV. In the lower energy range (E_ν< 1 TeV) the primary interest is in using the atmospheric neutrino beam to study neutrino oscillations. In the TeV range and above, atmospheric neutrinos are a calibration source and background for neutrino telescopes.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, for Proceedings of Neutrino 2002
Galactic Archaeology with Gaia
Creators: name: Myeong, Gyuchul
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Galaxy
Milky Way
Galactic Archaeology
Gaia
Halo

description: The halo of our Galaxy is believed to be mainly formed by the materials accreted/merged in the past, and so has "extragalactic" origin. Such formation process will leave dynamical traces imprinted in the halo, like stellar substructures, distinguishable from the in-situ halo component. Studying the present-day structure and substructures of the Milky Way halo is one of the most direct ways of understanding the formation and the evolutionary history of the Galaxy, as well as investigating the $\Lambda$CDM model on the galaxy scale which has not yet been tested thoroughly. It has been a challenge to obtain a sufficiently large sample of halo stars for such study due to the sparse density of the halo. The recent Gaia mission can open a new era for the study of Galactic Archaeology as it provides quality data for ~ 1.3 billion stars across the Milky Way which had remained uncharted so far. In Chapter 1, I describe a history of study on the Milky Way halo so far, and present algorithms that are developed to investigate the substructures of the halo with various aspects. Chapter 2 is a morphological study of the Milky Way halo based on the chemo-dynamical information. It reveals various interesting aspects of the halo and its origin, such as the chemo-dynamical duality (evidence of a past major merger -- the "Gaia Sausage"), traces of a past retrograde accretion (clues as to the origin of the retrograde halo component), and the resonant feature (evidence of dynamical influence of the Milky Way bar). Chapter 3, 4 and 5 are examples of a more focused study on the halo substructures with various new methods that differ from the conventional studies. In addition to the discovery of new stellar streams, I investigate the properties of the potential progenitors (past accreted dwarf galaxies) of these substructures, and also the potential association with $\omega$ Centauri. Chapter 6 is a study investigating the potential extragalactic origin of the Milky Way globular clusters based on their dynamics and various other information such as age, metallicity, horizontal branch index. It reveals a collection of globular clusters with extragalactic origin, originating from the "Gaia Sausage". Chapter 7 is a chemo-dynamical study showing the evidence for another early accretion event -- the "Sequoia". From multiple tracers in the Milky Way halo, including the stellar streams and globular clusters, I investigate the dynamical and the chemical signature of the "Sequoia" progenitor and its present-day remnants.
description: GCM thanks the Boustany Foundation, Cambridge Commonwealth, European & International Trust, and Isaac Newton Studentship for their support of his work.
Information Technology's Impacts on Productivity, Welfare and Social Change: Second Version
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: economic welfare
subject: education and ICT
subject: ICT
subject: information technology
subject: Internet
subject: market transaction costs
subject: productivity
subject: social change.

description: There has been a rapid increase in global expenditure on information technology and there is still much to learn about its effects on productivity, welfare and social change. At the macro-level, it has been estimated that Internet-related value accounts for as much as 7% of GDP of some OECD economies. As discussed, two basic methods have been used to estimate the contribution of ICT to the growth in GDP and labour productivity. Estimates of these vary considerably but it seems that the consensus is that ICT’s contribution is positive. However, whether it is increasing is disputed. Currently, GDP is expected by some economists to increase by about 1% for a 10% rise in ICT-capital. All industries have had added value as a result of the introduction of ICT but the overall aggregate effect is largest for the tertiary (service) sector. It is shown how the Internet can increase economic productivity (1) by reducing input costs and (2) raising allocative efficiency within enterprises. Other ways in which Internet access can increase economic welfare are via reduced market transaction costs and a decline in material and transport costs as well as by increasing the variety of available commodities. These aspects are analyzed and discussed critically. Attention is also given to the employment consequences of the use of ICT, associated health issues, and the impacts of ICT on social interaction and the environment. It is suggested that the use of the Internet for consumption may exceed it use for production. Additional matters touched on are the consequences for economic performance of ICT in education and research and in the health industry, as well as the comparative benefit of ICT to rural residents compared to city-dwellers. In conclusion, it is noted that not all IT depends on the Internet and that non-Internet IT has had little economic attention.
Chandra Detection of OVIII Ly-alpha Absorption from an Overdense Region in the Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Fang, T.
name: Marshall, H. L.
name: Lee, J. C.
name: Davis, D. S.
name: Canizares, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection of an OVIII Ly-alpha absorption line associated with an overdense region in the intergalactic medium (IGM) along the sightline towards PKS 2155-304 with the Chandra Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETGS). The absorption line is detected at 4.5 sigma level with cz~16,600 km/s. At the same velocity Shull et al.(1998) detected a small group of spiral galaxies (with an overdensity of delta_gal ~ 100) and low metallicity HI Ly-alpha clouds. We constrain the intragroup gas that gives rise to the OVIII Ly-alpha line to a baryon density in the range 1e-5 < n_b < 7.5e-5 cm^-3 (50 < delta_b < 350) and a temperature of (4-5) x 10^6 K, assuming 0.1 solar abundance. These estimates are in accordance with those of the warm/hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) that are predicted from hydrodynamic simulations. Extrapolating from this single detection implies a large fraction of the ``missing baryons'' (~ 10%, or ~ 30-40% of the WHIM) are probed by the OVIII absorber.
description: 14 pages with 2 figures. ApJ Letters, in press
MOESM3 of Associations of tobacco smoking with body mass distribution; a population-based study of 65,875 men and women in midlife
Creators: name: Graff-Iversen, Sidsel
name: Hewitt, Stephen
name: ForsĂŠn, Lisa
name: GrĂ¸Tvedt, Liv
name: Ariansen, Inger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Mean values of weight- related indices by smoking status by educational attainment.
Physical and Chemical Influences of Different Extraction Techniques for Essential Oil Recovery from Citrus sinensis Peels
Creators: name: Olfa Taktak
name: Youssef, Sahar Ben
name: Vian, Maryline Abert
name: Chemat, Farid
name: Noureddine Allouche
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The orange tree (Citrus sinensis) is a species of fruit shrubs of the Rutaceae family. Essential oils from citrus peels are widely used in various agro-food and pharmaceutical preparations and hence they must be recovered using green extraction methods. In this study, we compare the efficiency of five extraction techniques (conventional hydro-distillation (HD), Salt-assisted extraction by HD (S-HD), Ultrasound-assisted extraction by HD (US-HD), Enzymes-assisted extraction by HD (E-HD), and Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME)) for the extraction of essential oil from Citrus sinensis peels. The essential oils were compared with regard to their chemical compositions, light microscopy analysis, total energy consumption, and antioxidant activity. GC/MS analysis allowed the identification of 28 compounds in the different essential oils. The principal identified component was limonene (86.7 %, 87.9 %, 88.2 %, 88.3 %, 85.4 % for HD, S-HD, US-HD, E-HD, and SFME, respectively), followed by β-pinene, sabinene, linalool and α-terpineol. The obtained essential oils were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Results indicated that essential oil extracted by SFME showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.0175 mg/ml) and extraction yield (3.58 % ± 0.05) consuming lower energy (0.312 kW h-1) in a shorter extraction time (30 min) comparing with the other tested techniques. Hence, the SFME would be an interesting green method for the recovery of essential oil from C. sinensis peels useful in agro-food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical preparations as an alternative for undesirable chemical additives.
МОРФОЛОГИЯ В МЕДИЦИНЕ И БИОЛОГИИ: ТЕКУЩИЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И БУДУЩЕЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ
Creators: name: Маликов, Илхом
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Морфология как наука, изучающая форму и структуру живых организмов на разных уровнях организации, является основой для понимания биологических процессов и заболеваний. В последние десятилетия с развитием новых технологий и методов исследования, таких как молекулярная биология, геномика, электронная микроскопия и 3D-моделирование, морфология заново открывает для ученых важнейшие аспекты клеточной и тканевой архитектуры, их изменений в процессе развития и при различных патологических состояниях.
Dynamic correlation functions in one-dimensional quasi-condensates
Creators: name: Luxat, D. L.
name: Griffin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the static and dynamic single-particle correlation functions in one-dimensional (1D) trapped Bose gases and discuss experimental measurements that can directly probe such correlation functions. Using a quantized hydrodynamic theory for the low energy excitations, we calculate both the static and dynamic single-particle correlation functions for a 1D Bose gas that is a phase-fluctuating quasi-condensate. For the static (equal-time) correlation function, our approximations and results are equivalent to those of Petrov, Shlyapnikov and Walraven. The Fourier transform of the static single-particle correlation function gives the momentum distribution, which can be measured using Doppler-sensitive Bragg scattering experiments on a highly elongated Bose gas. We show how a two-photon Raman out-coupling experiment can measure the characteristic features of the dynamic or time-dependent single-particle correlation function of a 1D Bose quasi-condensate.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. A
MOESM2 of Associations of tobacco smoking with body mass distribution; a population-based study of 65,875 men and women in midlife
Creators: name: Graff-Iversen, Sidsel
name: Hewitt, Stephen
name: ForsĂŠn, Lisa
name: GrĂ¸Tvedt, Liv
name: Ariansen, Inger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Mean waist circumference and mean waist-hip ratio by smoking status by levels of leisure-time physical activity.
The Role of Gender in Agricultural Productivity in the Philippines: The Average Treatment Effect
Creators: name: Koirala, Krishna H.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Koirala, Krishna H.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Gender
subject: average treatment effect
subject: rice
subject: women
subject: farm households
subject: agricultural productivity

description: Using average treatment effect and data from 2012 the Central Luzon Loop Survey, this study investigates the role of gender in rice production. Results indicate that female-headed farm households, despite having limited access to land, have a higher value of rice production than their male counterparts. However, there is no significant difference between net farm incomes earned by male- and female-headed farm households. Female-headed households have higher fixed costs, consequently earning less total household income. Findings from this study indicate that women are less efficient in farming, but are more likely to adopt improved seed varieties. In addition, female-headed farm households are better at controlling farming costs.
Tidal Evolution of Eccentric Binaries Driven by Convective Turbulent Viscosity
Creators: name: Vick, Michelle
name: Lai, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal dissipation due to convective turbulent viscosity shapes the evolution of a variety of astrophysical binaries. For example, this type of dissipation determines the rate of orbital circularization in a binary with a post-main sequence star that is evolving toward a common envelope phase. Viscous dissipation can also influence binaries with solar-type stars, or stars with a close-in giant planet. In general, the effective viscosity in a convective stellar envelope depends on the tidal forcing frequency $ω_{\rm tide}$; when $ω_{\rm tide}$ is larger than the turnover frequency of convective eddies, the viscosity is reduced. Previous work has focused on binaries in nearly circular orbits. However, for eccentric orbits, the tidal potential has many forcing frequencies. In this paper, we develop a formalism for computing tidal dissipation that captures the effect of frequency-dependent turbulent viscosity and is valid for arbitrary binary eccentricities. We also present an alternative simpler formulation that is suitable for very high eccentricities. We apply our formalisms to a giant branch (GB) star model and a solar-type star model. We find that a range of pseudosynchronous rotation rates are possible for both stellar models, and the pseudosynchronous rate can differ from the prediction of the commonly-used weak tidal friction theory by up to a factor of a few. We also find that tidal decay and circularization due to turbulent viscosity can be a few orders of magnitude faster than predicted by weak tidal friction in GB stars on eccentric, small pericentre orbits, but is suppressed by a few orders of magnitude in solar-type stars due to viscosity reduction.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 4 of Novel bioinformatic classification system for genetic signatures identification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yang, Li
name: Guan, Yu’ Qi
name: Shen, Ke’ Feng
name: Zhang, Mei’ Lan
name: Cai, Hao’ Dong
name: Wang, Jia’ Chen
name: Wang, Ying
name: Huang, Liang
name: Cao, Yang
name: Wang, Na
name: Tan, Xiao’ Hong
name: Young, Ken He
name: Xiao, Min
name: Zhou, Jian’ Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4:. Supplementary Appendix
Additional file 1 of Clinical characteristics and longitudinal changes of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in 2 decades: the NAGALA study
Creators: name: Okamura, Takuro
name: Hashimoto, Yoshitaka
name: Hamaguchi, Masahide
name: Obora, Akihiro
name: Kojima, Takao
name: Fukui, Michiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Summary of all additional Tables S1–S3. Table S1. Characteristics of non-alcoholic participants. Table S2. Characteristics of study participants with and without obesity. Table S3. Characteristics of study participants having NAFLD with and without obesity.
paperChain - FACTSHEET CC3 - "Transport infrastructure sector- railways. MUDIPEL®"
Creators: name: Oleaga, Asier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Back-fill material
Deinking paper ash (DPA)
Deinking paper sludge (DPS)
Gabion
Railways

description: This factsheet has been extracted from D07.3 "Guidelines for the implementation of the Circular Economy models" CC3: Deinking ash and sludge use in MUDIPEL® back-fill material production:
 This Circular Model CC3 is focused on the use of an innovative composite MUDIPEL®, based on PPI wastes use as light backfill alternative material in successful gabions construction at railways landslides restoration in Slovenia. The composite is a mix of 70 % of deinking paper ash (DPA) and 30 % of deinking paper sludge (DPS). After compaction can develop a considerable strength (>1 MPa at 28 curing days) and low permeability, achieving optimal properties for the intended use. VIPAP (PPI industry) collaborates with Dušan Holešek (construction SME) and ZAG (Research institute and notifying body granted the Slovenian Technical Approval (STS), and SZ Infrastructure (Railways infrastructure operator, end User). TECNALIA supported in the environmental performance monitoring design and validation. Performance achieved user requirements, but process has some critical points: proper wastes mixing, humidity control and compaction and environmental monitoring. CC3 has a high replicability potential. This light material could be employed in roads, mining restoration. STS approval grants the use of MUDIPEL® in Slovenia. Figure 1 shows the CC3 Circular Case in Slovenia. Construction of MUDIPEL based construction designs for railways slopes stabilization, Figures 2 to 4 show the industrial scale pilot demonstration, and Tables 1 and 2 CC main items, key factors and lessons learnt.
The Cosmological Constant and Quintessence from a Correlation Function Comoving Fine Feature in the 2dF Quasar Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Roukema, B. F.
name: Mamon, G. A.
name: Bajtlik, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detections of local maxima in the density perturbation spectrum at characteristic comoving scales L~100-200h^{-1}Mpc have previously been claimed. Here, this cosmic standard ruler is sought in the ``10K'' release of the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ-10K), by estimating the comoving, spatial correlation functions ξ(r) of the three-dimensional distribution of the N=2378 quasars in the most completely observed and ``covered'' sky regions, over the three redshift ranges 0.6 < z < 1.1, 1.1 < z < 1.6 and 1.6 < z < 2.2. Because of the selection method of the survey and sparsity of the data, the analysis was done conservatively to avoid non-cosmological artefacts. (i) Avoiding 'a priori' estimates of the length scales of features, local maxima in ξ(r) are found in all three redshift ranges. The requirement that a local maximum be present in all three redshift ranges at a fixed comoving length scale implies strong, purely geometric constraints on the local cosmological parameters. The length scale of the local maximum common to the three redshift ranges is 2L= (244\pm17)h^{-1}Mpc. (ii) For a standard FLRW model, the matter density \Omm and cosmological constant Ω_Λare constrained to \Omm= 0.25\pm0.10, Ω_Λ=0.65\pm0.25 (68% confidence), \Omm= 0.25\pm0.15, Ω_Λ=0.60\pm0.35 (95%), respectively, *from the 2QZ-10K alone*. Independently of the SNe Ia data, the zero cosmological constant model (Ω_Λ=0) is rejected at the 99.7% confidence level. (iii) For an effective quintessence (w_Q) model and zero curvature, w_Q
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, accepted, Astronomy & Astrophysics, minor changes in revised version
Understanding Corporate Social Responsibility and the Case of Small and Medium Enterprises in a Kazakh Context
Creators: name: DARMENOVA, YULIYA
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Corporate Social Responsibility
SMEs
Case study
Kazakhstan

description: ABSTRACT The proposed case study seeks to acquire empirical evidence on the evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the context of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kazakhstan. This research draws upon primary sources, including in-depth interviews of general managers of Kazakhstani SMEs along with professionals in the field of CSR in Kazakhstan, and a survey of SME customers. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Kazakhstani business culture has been exposed to rapid changes, which affected almost every aspect of social interactions from political and institutional architecture to common cultural references and social norms. Simultaneously, transformations in business and economic relations at the global level have produced a growth in discourse on CSR, particularly in developing countries. These systemic changes and international developments prompted this research to explore what constitutes CSR in the case of SMEs in Kazakhstan? Without a consideration of contextual features, it becomes difficult to understand how and why phenomena such as CSR may or may not be adapted and incorporated into the local Kazakhstani business in the same way as in countries with established free economy markets. Findings from this research challenge the prevailing belief that local CSR is newly born phenomenon, which was merely brought to Kazakhstan from outside. Instead, this study demonstrates a considerable discrepancy between the Western conceptualisations and the local CSR realities. Contrary to popular assumptions, the notion of social responsibility has a unique and sustained history in Kazakhstan. This study examined the effect of local cultural and historical circumstances in shaping the development, conceptualisation, and adoption of CSR in Kazakhstani SMEs. To do so, this research 1) explored the “local roots” of Kazakstani CSR and analysed the determinants of its unique form, 2) identified the main recipients of SMEs’ CSR, whose concerns are prioritised, 3) unfolded the driving forces compelling local companies to adopt CSR practices.
Additional file 2 of Prognostic value of noggin protein expression in patients with resected gastric cancer
Creators: name: Chun, Sang Hoon
name: Kim, Eun Young
name: Yoon, Jung-Sook
name: Won, Hye Sung
name: Yim, Kwangil
name: Hwang, Hye Won
name: Hong, Soon Auck
name: Lee, Minho
name: Lee, Su Lim
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
name: Der Sheng Sun,
name: Ko, Yoon Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1 Clinicopathological factors and association according to RBPMS2 and NOG expression in tumor center lesions. Supplementary Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of disease-free survival in all patients using Cox proportional-hazards model.
Additional file 1 of Risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in a high-altitude forest region of Peru
Creators: name: Lana, Justin T.
name: Mallipudi, Andrés
name: Ortiz, Ernesto J.
name: Arevalo, Jairo H.
name: Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro
name: Pan, William K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Figure 4. Age and date of clinic visit differences between cases (0,0 on graph) and their matched-controls (depicted as described in legend).
Additional file 5 of Cannabinoid receptor CB2 ablation protects against TAU induced neurodegeneration
Creators: name: M. Galán-Ganga
name: C. Rodríguez-Cueto
name: J. Merchán-Rubira
name: F. Hernández
name: J. Ávila
name: M. Posada-Ayala
name: J. L. Lanciego
name: E. Luengo
name: M. G. Lopez
name: A. Rábano
name: J. Fernández-Ruiz
name: Lastres-Becker, I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Table S2
Cornil-Joseph Balthazar
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Source: http://www.sudoc.fr/080675700
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
Inflation and the Pattern of Trade: General Conclusions and Evidence for Russia
Creators: name: Borodin, Konstantin
name: Strokov, Anton
name: Borodin, Konstantin
name: Strokov, Anton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade pattern
subject: inflation
subject: gravity model
subject: Russia

description: The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of differences in the inflation rates of trade-partner countries on their foreign trade patterns. The results of the analysis of a simple trade model served as the basis for an empirical study of Russia's foreign trade. For the purposes of experimental verification, we built Russia's export and import gravity models, using trade data for 2005-2012, as well as indicators reflecting the ratio of inflation rates in Russia and its trade-partner countries by the main commodity groups (inflation data for 1995-2012). The results of the empirical verification have basically confirmed the conclusions derived from the trade model analysis: Russia intensifies its export of fuel and raw-material commodities to countries with lower inflation rates and, simultaneously, increases its import of engineering, chemical, and agricultural products from countries with lower inflation rates.
The Mysterious Optimality of Naive Bayes: Estimation of the Probability in the System of "Classifiers"
Creators: name: Kupervasser, Oleg
name: Vardy, Alexsander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.5; E.4; E.2; H.1.1; F.1.1; F.1.3

description: Bayes Classifiers are widely used currently for recognition, identification and knowledge discovery. The fields of application are, for example, image processing, medicine, chemistry (QSAR). But by mysterious way the Naive Bayes Classifier usually gives a very nice and good presentation of a recognition. It can not be improved considerably by more complex models of Bayes Classifier. We demonstrate here a very nice and simple proof of the Naive Bayes Classifier optimality, that can explain this interesting fact.The derivation in the current paper is based on arXiv:cs/0202020v1
description: 9 pages,1 figure, all changes in the second version is made by Kupervasser only
Towards recognizing the light facet of the Higgs Boson
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Freitas, Felipe F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs boson couplings to bottom and top quarks have been measured and agree well with the Standard Model predictions. Decays to lighter quarks and gluons, however, remain elusive. Observing these decays is essential to complete the picture of the Higgs boson interactions. In this work, we present the perspectives for the 14 TeV LHC to observe the Higgs boson decay to gluon jets assembling convolutional neural networks, trained to recognize abstract jet images constructed embodying particle flow information, and boosted decision trees with kinetic information from Higgs-strahlung $ZH\to \ell^+\ell^- + gg$ events. We show that this approach might be able to observe Higgs to gluon decays with a significance of around $2.4σ$ improving significantly previous prospects based on cut-and-count analysis. An upper bound of $BR(H\to gg)\leq 1.74\times BR^{SM}(H\to gg)$ at 95\% confidence level after 3000 fb$^{-1}$ of data is obtained using these machine learning techniques.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures and 4 tables. Version accepted for publication in Machine Learning Science and Technology
paperChain D09.4 - "Report on Events- workshops, conferences, stands in exhibition fairs, trainings"
Creators: name: Cañas Rojas, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Events
Congresses
Conferences
Workshops
Meetings
Communication
Dissemination
Impact
KER
Training

description: This report includes all the events that paperChain partners have attended and a forecast of upcoming events and workshops that will take place in digital environments due to the pandemic.
Additional file 1 of Profile and needs of primary informal caregivers of older patients in Belgian geriatric day hospitals: a multicentric cross-sectional study
Creators: name: C. Eyaloba
name: I. De Brauwer
name: S. Cès
name: F. Benoit
name: S. Gillain
name: L. Pesch
name: H. Rouvière
name: S. De Breucker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire for Primary informal Caregivers at the geriatric day hospital: a survey in French-speaking Belgium centers
Theory of Quantum Path Computing with Fourier Optics and Future Applications for Quantum Supremacy, Neural Networks and Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations
Creators: name: Gulbahar, Burhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalability, error correction and practical problem solving are important challenges for quantum computing (QC) as more emphasized by quantum supremacy (QS) experiments. Quantum path computing (QPC), recently introduced for linear optic based QCs (LOQCs) as an unconventional design, targets to obtain scalability and practical problem solving. It samples the intensity from the interference of exponentially increasing number of propagation paths obtained in multi-plane diffraction (MPD) of classical particle sources. QPC exploits MPD based quantum temporal correlations of the paths and freely entangled projections a
description: This is the author accepted copy of the original article published and fully edited in https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67364-0