cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Electron-Beam Induced Current Imaging of the P-N Junction in Crystalline Silicon on Glass (CSG) Solar Cells
Creators: name: Werner, M.
name: Hagendorf, C.
name: Breitenstein, O.
name: Altmann, F.
name: Bagdahn, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2217-2220
description: The p-n junction of crystalline silicon thin film solar cells on glass (CSG material) has been studied in
correlation to high-resolution microstructure analysis. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM)
have been used to study material-related properties like texture, grain structure and layer structure. Complementary
information on the p-n junction properties was obtained by high-resolution electron beam induced current (EBIC)
imaging. Beside a plan-view EBIC investigation of the surface, a beveled cross sectional preparation has been
applied to study the location of the p-n junction in relation to grain structure and thin film topography. The depth of
the p-n junction was roughly estimated to less than 150 nm. The crystal and the layer structure of the films have been
studied by TEM in greater detail.
Melirrhophetes belfordi subsp. joiceyi Rothschild
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Melirrhophetes

description: Melirrhophetes belfordi joiceyi Rothschild Melirrhophetes belfordi joiceyi Rothschild, 1921: 285 (Mt. Kunupi, 6,000 ft., Weyland Mts.). Now Melidectes belfordi joiceyi (Rothschild, 1921). See Gilliard, 1959, Salomonsen, 1967: 418, and Higgins et al., 2008: 613. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 693815, [adult male], wing [in molt]: 132 mm, collected on Mount Kunupi, 6000 ft, Kobowre (5 Weyland) Mountains, 03.50S, 135.55E (USBGN, 1982a), Papua Province, Indonesia, in November–December 1920, by the Pratt brothers (no. 579). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Rothschild cited the Pratt number of the holotype in the original description and said that the type series comprised five males and two females, with inclusive wing measurements given. Five of these specimens came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection; the four paratypes in AMNH, all bearing the same data as the holotype, are: AMNH 693812, [male, 129 mm, worn]; AMNH 693813, [female, 112 mm]; AMNH 693814, [male, 134 mm]; AMNH 693816, female, on original label, 113 mm. None of the specimens other than the holotype had a collector’s number on the label. The two paratypes that did not come to AMNH bear the same data as the above and should have measurements in the range given for males; one of these is in RMNH (Dekker and Quaisser, 2006: 28).
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 133
description: {"references": ["Rothschild, W. 1921. On some birds from the Weyland Mountains, Dutch New Guinea. Novitates Zoologicae 28: 280 - 294.", "Gilliard, E. T. 1959. The ecology of hybridization in New Guinea honeyeaters (Aves). American Museum Novitates 1937: 1 - 26.", "Salomonsen, F. 1967. Family Meliphagidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 12: 338 - 450. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, ix + 495 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs.", "Dekker, R. W. R. J., and C. Quaisser. 2006. Type specimens in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden. Part 3. Passerines: Pachycephalidae-Corvidae (Peters's sequence). Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Technical Bulletin 9: 1 - 77."]}
The origin of compact galaxies with anomalously high black hole masses
Creators: name: Barber, Christopher
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Bower, Richard G.
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Theuns, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of local galaxies harbouring supermassive black holes (BHs) of anomalously high mass, M_BH, relative to their stellar mass, M_star, appear to be at odds with simple models of the co-evolution between galaxies and their central BHs. We study the origin of such outliers in a Lambda cold dark matter context using the EAGLE cosmological, hydrodynamical simulation. We find 15 'M_BH(M_star)-outlier' galaxies, defined as having M_BH more than 1.5 dex above the median M_BH(M_star) relation in the simulation, M_{BH,med}. All M_BH(M_star)-outliers are satellite galaxies, typically with M_star ~ 10^10 M_sun and M_BH ~ 10^8 M_sun. They have all become outliers due to a combination of tidal stripping of their outer stellar component acting over several Gyr and early formation times leading to rapid BH growth at high redshift, with the former mechanism being most important for 67 per cent of these outliers. The same mechanisms also cause the M_BH(M_star)-outlier satellites to be amongst the most compact galaxies in the simulation, making them ideal candidates for ultracompact dwarf galaxy progenitors. The 10 most extreme central galaxies found at z=0 (with log_{10}(M_BH/M_{BH,med}) in [1.2, 1.5]) grow rapidly in M_BH to lie well above the present-day M_BH-M_star relation at early times (z > 2), and either continue to evolve parallel to the z=0 relation or remain unchanged until the present day, making them 'relics' of the high-redshift universe. This high-z formation mechanism may help to explain the origin of observed M_BH(M_star)-outliers with extended dark matter haloes and undisturbed morphologies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 17 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Mathematical Modeling of Silicon Purification by Solid Phase Extraction Method
Creators: name: Karabanov, S.M.
name: Suvorov, D.V.
name: Sazhin, B.N.
name: Ilichev, S.B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1308-1311
description: The purpose of this paper is mathematical modeling of purification process of upgraded metallurgicalgrade
silicon (UMG-Si) up to solar-grade silicon (SG-Si) by the method of extraction from solid phase. Diffusion of
the basic impurities determining the quality of solar-grade silicon (boron, phosphorus, aluminum, carbon, iron,
copper) has been taken into account. Using the model we have obtained axial profile impurity concentration in
silicon particles at the various points of time, the time dynamics of average impurity concentration of each impurity
at various purification conditions. The requirements to the technological purification mode which fulfillment allows
achieving reasonable time and purification efficiency are determined.
Impact of NH3 Grade Used for PECVD of a-SiNx:H on Silicon Solar Cell Performance
Creators: name: Madec, A.
name: Chevrel, H.
name: Petres, R.
name: Eisert, S.
name: Peter, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1315-1317
description: The present work aims at evaluating the impact of gas specifications on performance of crystalline silicon
solar cells; more precisely, we studied the influence of ammonia gas grade used for plasma enhanced chemical vapor
deposition of antireflective and passivating silicon nitride layers on silicon solar cell performance. Using
microelectronics grade silane, five different ammonia grades were tested. Ammonia was analyzed to identify the major
impurities for each gas grade. Wafers and solar cells were characterized in terms of lifetime measurements and solar cell
performance. We conclude that high purity ammonia is not required to deposit a good silicon nitride layer.
Compensated Silicon Crystals and Monosilane by Metallurgy Route
Creators: name: Abdullin, K.A.
name: Beketov, B.A.
name: Chumikov, G.N.
name: Mukashev, B.N.
name: Tamendarov, M.F.
name: Turmagambetov, T.S.
name: Page, M.R.
name: Kline, D.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1193-1198
description: We studied alumothermic reduction of silica from silicate slag for obtaining silicon-containing alloy-I
(SCA-I) and for obtaining silicon-containing alloy-II (SCA-II). We used synthetic slag (SS) with composition close
to phosphorous industry waste (PIW). SS consists of more than 90% silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, and less than
l0% of oxides of other elements. SCA-I was upgraded by acid leaching to pure silicon of a fine powder structure.
Compensated poly- and monocrystalline silicon, with resistivity from 0.6 (bottom of crystal) to 4 (top of crystal)
ohm-cm, was grown by the Czochralski method using this powder. SCA-II was used for obtaining monosilane (SiH4)
by aqueous treatment with hydrochloric acid under atmospheric conditions and without any catalyst. There was no
trace of diborane, which is considered a common source for boron contamination in crude monosilane.
Quantum Brascamp-Lieb Dualities
Creators: name: Berta, Mario
name: Sutter, David
name: Walter, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brascamp-Lieb inequalities are entropy inequalities which have a dual formulation as generalized Young inequalities. In this work, we introduce a fully quantum version of this duality, relating quantum relative entropy inequalities to matrix exponential inequalities of Young type. We demonstrate this novel duality by means of examples from quantum information theory -- including entropic uncertainty relations, strong data-processing inequalities, super-additivity inequalities, and many more. As an application we find novel uncertainty relations for Gaussian quantum operations that can be interpreted as quantum duals of the well-known family of `geometric' Brascamp-Lieb inequalities.
description: v3: 24 pages, minor changes, to appear in Commun. Math. Phys
The Maker movement and its impact in the fight against COVID-19
Creators: name: Corsini, Lucia
name: Dammicco, Valeria
name: Bowker-Lonnecker, Lin
name: Blythe, Robbie
Publisher: name: Centre for Technology Management working paper series
Year: 2020
Subjects: makers
covid-19
open hardware

description: This study is an initial attempt to document the impact of the Maker movement in addressing the spread and prevention of COVID-19. During the early stages of 2020, extreme shortages of critical items led to an unprecedented global mobilisation of grassroots, community-driven Maker projects. The first part of this study reports on efforts to document Maker projects to tackle COVID-19 between March-June 2020. It analyses the characteristics of 158 projects with respect to project type, geographical region, manufacturing technologies and type of actor involved. The second part of the study provides a more detailed perspective of the challenges that Makers faced during this period, by looking at the UK case. It adopts a digital ethnographic approach, analysing a web-seminar organised and hosted by the authors in collaboration with Make:, one of the most widespread online communities of the Maker movement. The web-seminar took the form of a panel talk and discussion with representatives from four prominent COVID-19 Maker projects in the UK. This study reports on several cross-cutting themes that emerged in the panel talk. To maximise the potential impact of the Maker movement in a crisis, the findings call for: the development of a national network of Makers in the UK that is supported by policy and governance; the creation of a centralised database to manage demand and supply of critical items in times of crisis; and advancements to management of distributed quality control. This paper helps to document the impact of the Maker movement during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also underlines the potential impact of the Maker movement in addressing future crises via the development of distributed innovation actors.
Being Moved: Heideggerian Authenticity and Wolf's Nameless Virtue
Creators: name: David, Gray
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Susan Wolf proposes that there is a virtue of character we all dimly recognize but cannot put a name to, a virtue that involves living with an expectation and a willingness to take responsibility for more than what one is rationally on the hook for. For Wolf, recognizing this virtue helps explain why we should feel moved to offer up our time and resources to help resolve the problems we become entangled with by accident. In this thesis, I argue that her account of the nameless virtue does not go far enough and thus does not do justice to her irrationalist impulse but that we can look to Heideggerian authenticity in order to make the requisite changes while preserving her core sentiment. So, I present an interpretation of authenticity that focuses on reticence, anticipation, and resoluteness in order to develop a better model for assessing her moral luck cases.
A Practical Conception of the Kantian Bifurcation
Creators: name: Nikolaus, Kennelly
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
There is an ambition to conceive of the human being as a composite of perceptual and desiderative faculties belonging to a causal order and a rational faculty belonging to a normative order. The problem is that this conception is unstable: If we locate the perceptual/desiderative faculties in a causal order, no room is left for the rational faculty. Consequently, to conceive the human being in full, one must alternate between two different points of view. In this paper, I argue that the solution is to reevaluate how we think about causes and norms: To say something is determined by causes is not just to locate it within a causal order but is more fundamentally to exclude it from our evaluative practices. Further, to say something is constrained by norms is not just to identify a set of evaluative practices but is more fundamentally to include it in our evaluative practices.
The Moralization of Nietzsche
Creators: name: Barry, Farmer
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
The inflammatory and elitist language Nietzsche uses in Beyond Good and Evil to describe the relationship between the ruling class and the underclass is often read as hyperbolic, and attempts are often made in the secondary literature to spare him the appearance of advocating gratuitous exploitation. This thesis challenges the assumption that Nietzsche is speaking hyperbolically in the passages in question. It argues in fact that the descriptive project Nietzsche undertakes in Beyond Good and Evil requires the prima facie radical exploitation it puts forward. The central aim of the thesis is to situate his description of human exploitation within the broader framework of a perfectionistic account the conditions of human advancement.
Nonlocality from local contextuality
Creators: name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Hu, Xiao-Min
name: Chen, Jiang-Shan
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Han, Yong-Jian
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Cabello, Adán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally show that nonlocality can be produced from single-particle contextuality by using two-particle correlations which do not violate any Bell inequality by themselves. This demonstrates that nonlocality can come from an {\em a priori} different simpler phenomenon, and connects contextuality and nonlocality, the two critical resources for, respectively, quantum computation and secure communication. From the perspective of quantum information, our experiment constitutes a proof of principle that quantum systems can be used simultaneously for both quantum computation and secure communication.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Innocent Preferences in Hume's Morality
Creators: name: Shaharyar, Masood
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Hume believes it is common and natural for people to have preferences for character traits similar to their own, but he remains silent on how to separate the innocent preferences from the blameworthy ones. This paper looks to Hume's morality to answer this question, ultimately arguing for two jointly sufficient criteria: 1) a preference is innocent so long as it doesnt prevent one from adopting the general point of view and 2) a preference is innocent so long as it is not met with disapproval from a spectator viewing it from the general point of view. I argue that these criteria leave most preferences unscathed, and this result highlights a distinctive pluralism in Hume. I consider the ramifications for this pluralism and argue that it gives Humes morality an appeal over more rigid moral theories. I conclude by considering the challenge of factionalism that arises from my interpretation.
Should Private Property Rights Have Term Limits?
Creators: name: Isaac, Shur
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Ordinary private property rights to things like land and money are typically assumed to be permanent. In contrast, intellectual property (IP) rights usually have term limits. Copyrights, patents, and trademarks all expire by default sometime after theyre formed. I argue that ordinary property (OP) should be more like IP. Certain types of private property rights should be subject to term limits, and after expiration the property should enter a tangible public domain. First, I define private property. Second, I argue the purpose of private property rights is to facilitate access to resources, goods, and services. Conceptions of private property which undermine such access are unjustified. Third, I argue that term limits and the public domain help IP rights fulfill their purpose and could do the same for OP rights. Fourth, I consider specific policy proposals which would put term limits into practice. Finally, I raise and counter potential objections.
Novel Precursor Deposition Method for Inline Diffusion
Creators: name: Queisser, S.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Lichtner, M.
name: Saule, W.
name: Heeren, A.
name: Delahaye, F.
name: Schweckendiek, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1991-1994
description: In this paper we present a new method for deposition of precursors, here diluted phosphoric acid, on silicon wafers for the purpose of inline diffusion. The method consists of a surface preparation step to enhance wettability followed by the actual coating step. Coating is carried out by rolling the precursor onto the wafers with a set of sponge rollers. This approach results in homogenous deposition of thin precursor layers without the need for adding surfactants or organic solvents. We demonstrate that the novel precursor deposition method, in conjunction with an appropriate diffusion process, is suitable for preparation of very homogeneous emitters exhibiting depth profiles similar to POCl3 emitters. Cell efficiency of first processed multi-crystalline solar cells was 15.2% in average and 15.6% for the best cell.
Lensing and shadow of a black hole surrounded by a heavy accretion disk
Creators: name: Cunha, Pedro V. P.
name: Eiró, Nelson A.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Lemos, José P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a static, axially symmetric spacetime describing the superposition of a Schwarzschild black hole (BH) with a thin and heavy accretion disk. The BH-disk configuration is a solution of the Einstein field equations within the Weyl class. The disk is sourced by a distributional energy-momentum tensor and it is located at the equatorial plane. It can be interpreted as two streams of counter-rotating particles, yielding a total vanishing angular momentum. The phenomenology of the composed system depends on two parameters: the fraction of the total mass in the disk, $m$, and the location of the inner edge of the disk, $a$. We start by determining the sub-region of the space of parameters wherein the solution is physical, by requiring the velocity of the disk particles to be sub-luminal and real. Then, we study the null geodesic flow by performing backwards ray-tracing under two scenarios. In the first scenario the composed system is illuminated by the disk and in the second scenario the composed system is illuminated by a far-away celestial sphere. Both cases show that, as $m$ grows, the shadow becomes more prolate. Additionally, the first scenario makes clear that as $m$ grows, for fixed $a$, the geometrically thin disk appears optically enlarged, i.e., thicker, when observed from the equatorial plane. This is to due to light rays that are bent towards the disk, when backwards ray traced. In the second scenario, these light rays can cross the disk (which is assumed to be transparent) and may oscillate up to a few times before reaching the far away celestial sphere. Consequently, an almost equatorial observer sees different patches of the sky near the equatorial plane, as a chaotic "mirage". As $m\rightarrow 0$ one recovers the standard test, i.e., negligible mass, disk appearance.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures
Bandwidth manipulation of quantum light by an electro-optic time lens
Creators: name: Karpinski, Michal
name: Jachura, Michal
name: Wright, Laura J.
name: Smith, Brian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to manipulate the spectral-temporal waveform of optical pulses has enabled a wide range of applications from ultrafast spectroscopy to high-speed communications. Extending these concepts to quantum light has the potential to enable breakthroughs in optical quantum science and technology. However, filtering and amplifying often employed in classical pulse shaping techniques are incompatible with non-classical light. Controlling the pulsed mode structure of quantum light requires efficient means to achieve deterministic, unitary manipulation that preserves fragile quantum coherences. Here we demonstrate an electro-optic method for modifying the spectrum of non-classical light by employing a time lens. In particular we show highly-efficient wavelength-preserving six-fold compression of single-photon spectral intensity bandwidth, enabling over a two-fold increase of single-photon flux into a spectrally narrowband absorber. These results pave the way towards spectral-temporal photonic quantum information processing and facilitate interfacing of different physical platforms where quantum information can be stored or manipulated.
description: Final version. 7 pages, 4 figures + supplementary: 6 pages, 2 figures. MK & MJ -- equal contribution
Kantian Assent in a Practical Relation
Creators: name: Matt, Osborne
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Near the end of the Critique of Pure Reason, in the Canon of Pure Reason, Kant distinguishes knowing and believing as different species of something Kant calls assent. Kant says an assent that fails to epistemically warrant a knowledge claim does not qualify as believing unless it occurs in a practical relation. Despite recognizing that all the examples of believing Kant discusses in the Canon of Pure Reason fail to epistemically warrant a knowledge claim, some commentaries argue Kants example of believing in the existence of extraterrestrial lifeforms does not occur in a practical relation. In this paper, I explain what it means for an assent to occur in a practical relation, and I support my explanation by showing how all the examples of believing Kant discusses in the Canon of Pure Reason occur in a practical relation  including Kants example of believing that extraterrestrial lifeforms exist.
Use of Green’s Function Method for Developing a 3D Mathematical Model for Studying the Photo Response of Fibrously Grained Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell
Creators: name: Al-Daby, G.
name: Dhamrin, M.
name: Kamisako, K.
name: Al-Matwakel, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 480-483
description: A three-dimensional (3D) analytical model based on the Green’s Function method to solve the 3D-diffusion
equation governing the behavior of crystalline silicon solar cell. After determining the Green's functions for both the emitter
and base regions of the considered cell under light and dark conditions, their spectral response is evaluated. The basic design
parameter selected for optimization of these cells is the cell thickness, grain size and grain boundary recombination velocity.
We can say that the developed mathematical model is in an agreement with the principle of solid state physics and can be
used for modeling high efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells.
Contactless Characterisation of III-V Multi-Junction Solar Cells Using Laser Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bubnova, X.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 504-507
description: Light emission-based techniques, such as photo- and electroluminescence (PL, EL), have been
demonstrated as excellent tools for developing and monitoring the fabrication of solar cells. In this paper, a PL-based,
contactless method is developed to analyze III-V multi-junction solar cells. Characterization of these devices is
usually challenging because it is difficult to access information about individual subcells using common measurement
techniques. In our method, a tunable laser is employed for carrier photogeneration in individual component junctions
and their voltages are measured from a photoluminescence signal. The main advantages of the introduced technique
include the possibility of current-voltage (I-V) curve estimation in each of the sub-cells in a multi-junction cell and
compatibility with both fully and partially processed solar cells.
A Defense of Algorithmic Homuncularism
Creators: name: Spencer, Kinsey
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
In this thesis, I defend the explanatory force of algorithmic information processing models in cognitive neuroscience. I describe the algorithmic approach to cognitive explanation, its relation to Sheas theory of cognitive representation, and challenges stemming from neuronal population analysis and dimensionality reduction. I then consider competing interpretations of some neuroscientific data that have been central to the debate. I argue in favor of a sequenced computational explanation of the phenomenon, contra Burnston. Finally, I argue that insights from theoretical neuroscience allow us to understand why dimensionality reduction does not militate against localizing distinct contents to distinct components of functioning brain systems.
Emergent Weyl excitations in systems of polar particles
Creators: name: Syzranov, Sergey V.
name: Wall, Michael L.
name: Zhu, Bihui
name: Gurarie, Victor
name: Rey, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl fermions are massless chiral particles first predicted in 1929 and once thought to describe neutrinos. Although never observed as elementary particles, quasiparticles with Weyl dispersion have recently been experimentally discovered in solid-state systems causing a furore in the research community. Systems with Weyl excitations can display a plethora of fascinating phenomena and offer great potential for improved quantum technologies. Here we show that Weyl excitations generically exist in three-dimensional systems of dipolar particles with weakly broken time-reversal symmetry (for example, by a magnetic field). They emerge as a result of dipolar-interaction-induced transfer of angular momentum between the $J=0$ and $J=1$ internal particle levels. We also discuss momentum-resolved Ramsey spectroscopy methods for observing Weyl quasiparticles in cold alkaline-earth-atom systems. Our results provide a pathway for a feasible experimental realisation of Weyl quasiparticles and related phenomena in clean and controllable atomic systems.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Wirksamkeit der ambulanten ergotherapeutischen Intervention bei Kindern im Alter von drei bis zwölf Jahren
Creators: name: Frank, Thomas Alexander
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät IV
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Evaluation
subject: Ergotherapie
subject: Pädiatrie
subject: Frühförderung
subject: Occupational Therapy
subject: Early Childhood Intervention
subject: Pediatric
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen
subject: 22 Erziehung, Bildung, Unterricht

description: Pilotstudie zur Effektivität der ambulanten ergotherapeutischen Intervention bei Kindern im Alter von 3 is 12 Jahren im Vorschul- und Grundschulalter. Stichprobe zur Ersterhebung 245 Kinder im Berliner Innenstadt Bezirk Schöneberg. Bei Nachuntersuchung 85 Kinder. Ergebnisse zeigen signifikante Verbesserungen in der allgemeinen Entwicklung der Kinder in den Bereichen Motorik, Verhalten. Flankierend wurde die Einschätzung der Eltern und Erzieher mit in die Untersuchung mit einbezogen.
description: Pilostudy to ambulant Occupaional Therapy in Pädiatric ( Ergotherapie) in Berlin Germany. Baseline Evaluation on 245 Childs in the age of 3 to 12 years. In the second Evaluation it was possible evaluate 85 Clients for questions in the motor and social Behaviour development. The Results show an significant Improvement in the asked Questions.
Nature, Spirit, and the Question of Subjectivism in Hegel: Two Key Aspects of Hegels Treatment of Nature
Creators: name: Theodore, Craig
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
This thesis argues that two key aspects of Hegels treatment of nature in his Philosophy of Nature point to an important subjectivist thread running through the work. First, I consider Hegels claim that spirit is prior to nature, and second, I consider the claim that nature is the Idea in the form of otherness. For Hegel, spirit is prior to nature because it most fully expresses the Idea, whereas nature is the Idea in the form of otherness. In the final portion of the paper, I examine the consequences of these claims for the status of nature in Hegels Encyclopedia system. Although Hegels philosophy should not be considered subjectivist in a Kantian sense, there is still an important dimension of subjectivism in his treatment of nature. I argue that Hegels Philosophy of Nature is subjectivist in the sense that he believes nature is essentiallythough not fullya subject.
A topological criterion for filtering information in complex brain networks
Creators: name: Fallani, Fabrizio De Vico
name: Latora, Vito
name: Chavez, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In many biological systems, the network of interactions between the elements can only be inferred from experimental measurements. In neuroscience, non-invasive imaging tools are extensively used to derive either structural or functional brain networks in-vivo. As a result of the inference process, we obtain a matrix of values corresponding to an unrealistic fully connected and weighted network. To turn this into a useful sparse network, thresholding is typically adopted to cancel a percentage of the weakest connections. The structural properties of the resulting network depend on how much of the inferred connectivity is eventually retained. However, how to fix this threshold is still an open issue. We introduce a criterion, the efficiency cost optimization (ECO), to select a threshold based on the optimization of the trade-off between the efficiency of a network and its wiring cost. We prove analytically and we confirm through numerical simulations that the connection density maximizing this trade-off emphasizes the intrinsic properties of a given network, while preserving its sparsity. Moreover, this density threshold can be determined a-priori, since the number of connections to filter only depends on the network size according to a power-law. We validate this result on several brain networks, from micro- to macro-scales, obtained with different imaging modalities. Finally, we test the potential of ECO in discriminating brain states with respect to alternative filtering methods. ECO advances our ability to analyze and compare biological networks, inferred from experimental data, in a fast and principled way.
Choice Paralysis: A Challenge from the Indeterminacy of Intentional Content
Creators: name: Ryne, MacBride
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2023

description:
Christian List argues that three requirements are jointly necessary and sufficient for free will: intentional agency, alternative possibilities, and causal control. In contrast, I argue that Lists accounts of intentional agency and alternative possibilities do not adequately explain how an agent has free will. Specifically, I argue that if an agent has free will, then it must also have phenomenality; because phenomenality determines the propositional contents of an agents intentional states. I demonstrate that Lists analysis of free will brackets phenomenality and, as such, an agent on his account may find itself in a permanent state of choice paralysis, a state in which it lacks the ability to choose due to the indeterminate content of its intentional states. I conclude by suggesting that philosophers must adopt methodologies derived from both the third- and first-person perspectives in order to adequately explain how an agent with free will interacts with the environment.
Buckling Test: A Useful Tool for a Mechanical Characterization of Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Ezquer, M.
name: Zugasti, E.
name: Cuadra, J.M.
name: Murillo, M.
name: Turumbay, A.
name: Gavilanes-Perez, I.
name: Lagunas, A.R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Handling Issues and Manufacturing Automation

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2005-2008
description: The purpose of this article is to describe the potential of using experimental Buckling tests to mechanically characterize silicon wafers. With that aim, the final objective is to establish the theoretical limits of maximum bending and
stress bearable in order to avoid breakage during wafer manipulation. Specific simulations with finite elements programs have been performed to find a mechanical model able to predict the behavior of silicon wafers submitted to different mechanical conditions. Other experimental tests, as Bending-by-own-weight or 4-line Bending, were also used to match the final model to the reality as accurately as possible. Finally, it is pointed out that the high speed of the Buckling tests can be used to integrate a similar system in the solar cell production line. This method might be an interesting tool to get the wafers, with a high probability of breakage, out of the fabrication line.
title: An Explanation of the Formal-Substantive Freedom Distinction (and Why it Matters)
Creators: name: Sweet, Jake
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
The notion of a distinction between merely formal freedom and real, substantive freedom is common in both philosophy and political rhetoric. However, Ian Carter contends that this distinction faces coherence and usefulness problems. Contra Carter, I argue that it is coherent, meaningful, and clarifies significant philosophical disagreements about the right to freedom. I define the formal-substantive freedom distinction by outlining a non-univocal conception of each term, then explain why the distinction so conceived is both philosophically and practically significant. I review Carters arguments, extract two potential objections to my account, and offer my replies.
Energy Yield Optimization and Seasonal Behavior of Micromorph® Thin Film Modules
Creators: name: Sutterlueti, J.
name: Kravets, R.
name: Keller, M.
name: Knauss, H.
name: Sinicco, I.
name: Huegli, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4269-4275
description: PV Modules are exposed to varying weather conditions depending on their geographical location and
environment. An optimized cell matching is crucial for the best energy yield performance from multi junction
technologies. This matching depends on the module design and environmental conditions and varies during the year. The
possibility to monitor the trend of the current matching at the real outdoor condition can give valuable input for the
optimizing of the cell design and prediction of the module behaviour at different environment conditions and locations.
In this work a method for the evaluation of the current matching status of micromorph modules under outdoor conditions
is discussed and compared with the proven indoor technique for the measurement of the current matching. With this
technique we can analyse the different current matching under varying spectral conditions during season and directly
combine this information to the performance of micromorph modules. The current matching status of the micromorph
module can be determined in more in detail on a daily basis during one year under spectral variation. Since the spectrum
varies during the year and only seldom coincides with the AM1.5g spectrum used for STC measurements, the module
outdoors often appears at a different matching status compared with the indoor measurements. The paper also describes a
way how the seasonal degradation/annealing of the cell can be separated from the seasonal variation of the spectrum.
Finally, the Energy Yield of top and a bottom limited modules were compared on a monthly basis. Overall the presented
methods allow a clearer picture of the micromorph module behaviour in the field.
Backward phase-matched second-harmonic generation from stacked metasurfaces
Creators: name: Stolt, Timo
name: Kim, Jeonghyun
name: Héron, Sébastien
name: Vesala, Anna
name: Huttunen, Mikko. J.
name: Czaplicki, Robert
name: Kauranen, Martti
name: Rho, Junsuk
name: Genevet, Patrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate phase-matched second-harmonic generation (SHG) from three-dimensional metamaterials consisting of stacked metasurfaces. To achieve phase matching, we utilize a novel mechanism based on phase engineering of the metasurfaces at the interacting wavelengths, facilitating phase-matched SHG in the unconventional backward direction. By stacking up to five metasurfaces, we obtain the expected factor of 25 enhancement in SHG efficiency. Our results motivate further investigations to achieve higher conversion efficiencies also with more complex wavefronts.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material
A closer look at the cosmological implications of the $Λ$HDE model
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang
name: Wen, Sixiang
name: Zhou, Lanjun
name: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, we proposed a heterotic dark energy model, called $Λ$HDE, in which dark energy is composed of two components: cosmological constant (CC) and holographic dark energy (HDE). The aim of this work is to give a more comprehensive and systematic investigation on the cosmological implications of the $Λ$HDE model. Firstly, we make use of the current observations to constrain the $Λ$HDE model, and compare its cosmology-fit results with the results of the $Λ$CDM and the HDE model. Then, by combining a qualitative theoretical analysis with a quantitative numerical study, we discuss the impact of considering curvature on the cosmic evolutions of fractional HDE density $Ω_{hde}$ and fractional CC density $Ω_Λ$, as well as on the ultimate cosmic fate. Finally, we explore the effects of adopting different types of observational data. We find that: (1) the current observational data cannot distinguish the $Λ$HDE model from the $Λ$CDM and the HDE model; this indicates that DE may contain multiple components. (2) the asymptotic solution of $Ω_{hde}$ and the corresponding cosmic fate in a flat universe can be extended to the case of a non-flat universe; moreover, compared with the case of a flat universe, considering curvature will make HDE closer to a phantom dark energy. (3) compared with JLA dataset, SNLS3 data more favor a phantom type HDE; in contrast, using other types of observational data have no significant impact on the cosmic evolutions of the $Λ$HDE model.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neutron Activation Analysis Study of Transition-Metal Impurities in Industrial Multicrystalline Silicon Ingot Grown by the Heat Exchanger Method
Creators: name: Chettat, Y.
name: Boumaour, M.
name: SiAhmed, Y.
name: Rahab, H.
name: Khaled, S.
name: Mouzai, M.
name: Abbaci, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1305-1307
description: Transition-metal impurities play a significant role in reducing the efficiency of silicon solar cells. Here
we have used neutron activation analysis (NAA) to determine their concentrations in three types of advanced
photovoltaic materials: industrial P-doped multicrystalline silicon (Mc-Si) ingot grown by the Heat Exchanger
Method (HEM), feedstock (SoG-Si) from which the studied ingot was grown, and the silicon nitride coating material
lining crucible which is holding molten silicon during growth. The results show that feedstock is with good quality
and that silicon ingot and coating are heavily contaminated by transition-metal impurities. The dominant
contaminants are: Na, Fe, W, Cr, Co, Ce and Ag. Their concentrations in the as-grown mc-Si wafers are widely
exceed 1015 cm-3, so that their elimination requires a gettering at high temperatures which increase the cost production
of solar cells. The study has shown a direct correlation between the presence/or the absence of such impurities in the
as-grown Mc-Si wafers and their presence/or absence in the coating leading us to conclude that  Si3N4 coating is the
principal source of contamination of the silicon ingot by transition-metal impurities. Their concentrations in the ingot
are mainly determined by solid back diffusion from coating and silicon ingot during annealing and cooling.
Temporal disorder does not forbid discontinuous absorbing phase transitions in low dimensional systems
Creators: name: de Oliveira, M. M.
name: Fiore, Carlos. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distinct works have claimed that spatial (quenched) disorder can suppress the discontinuous absorbing phase transitions. Conversely, the scenario for temporal disorder for discontinuous absorbing phase transitions is unknown. In order to shed some light in this direction, we tackle its effect in three bidimensional examples, presenting undoubtedly discontinuous absorbing phase transitions. Except in one case (to be explained further), the temporal disorder is introduced by allowing the control parameter to be time dependent $p\rightarrow p(t)$ according to a uniform distribution of mean $p_0$ and width $σ$, in which at the emergence of the phase transition the system transits between active and absorbing regimes. In contrast to the spatial disorder, numerical results strongly suggest that temporal disorder does not forbid the existence of discontinuous transition. All cases are signed by behaviors similar to their pure (without disorder) counterparts, including bistability around the coexistence point and common finite size scaling behavior with the inverse of the system volume, as recently proposed in Phys. Rev. E. {\bf 92}, 062126 (2015). We also observe that temporal disorder does not induce temporal Griffiths phases around phase transitions, at least for $d=2$.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Bio-Derived Luminescent Solar Concentrators Using Phycobilisomes
Creators: name: Gonzalez, M.
name: Bose, R.
name: Fisher, M.
name: Farrell, D.J.
name: Chatten, A.J.
name: Morseman, J.P.
name: Moss, M.W.
name: McLain, C.
name: Büchtemann, A.
name: Jenkins, P.P.
name: Walters, R.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 441-444
description: Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) harvest sunlight by absorbing photons within a material containing
luminescent centers. The absorbed photons are subsequently re-emitted at longer wavelengths with a narrower
spectrum. By total internal reflection (TIR) a large fraction of the emitted light is re-directed to the edges of the
concentrator where it is coupled into solar cells for energy conversion. In this work, we present our latest results in
Phycobilisome-based LSCs. Phycobilisomes (PBS) are antennae from algae that efficiently down convert high energy
photons. In addition, PBS display fluorescent resonant energy transfer (FRET) which reduces possible re-absorption
of emitted photons in the luminescent layer. The inherent material properties of the readily available PBS when
combined with the ability to spectrally match the solar cell absorption edge to the emission of the luminescence
centers allows for a reduced cost and potentially very efficient PV system.