cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators to the effective de-escalation of conflict behaviours in forensic high-secure settings: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Goodman, Helena
name: Brooks, Cat Papastavrou
name: Price, Owen
name: Barley, Elizabeth Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Staff topic guide. Topic guide used for PMVA, frontline-clinical and MDT staff focus groups.
Productivity in Malagasy Rice Systems: Wealth-Differentiated Constraints and Priorities
Creators: name: Minten, Bart
name: Randrianarisoa, Jean Claude
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Minten, Bart
name: Randrianarisoa, Jean Claude
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study explores the constraints on agricultural productivity and priorities in boosting productivity in rice, the main staple in Madagascar, using a range of different data sets and analytical methods, integrating qualitative assessments by farmers and quantitative evidence from panel data production function analysis and willingness-to-pay estimates for chemical fertilizer. Nationwide, farmers seek primarily labor productivity enhancing interventions, e.g., improved access to agricultural equipment, cattle and irrigation. Shock mitigation measures, land productivity increasing technologies and improved land tenure are reported to be much less important. Poorer farmers have significantly lower rice yields than richer farmers, as well as significantly less land. Estimated productivity gains are greatest for the poorest with respect to adoption of climatic shock mitigation measures and chemical fertilizer. However, fertilizer use on rice appears only marginally profitable and highly variable across years. Research and interventions aimed at reducing costs and price volatility within the fertilizer supply chain might help at least the more accessible regions to more readily adopt chemical fertilizer.
Chiral dynamics of hadrons in nuclei
Creators: name: Oset, E.
name: Cabrera, D.
name: Magas, V. K.
name: Roca, L.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
name: Ramos, A.
name: Inoue, T.
name: Recio, C. Garcia
name: Nieves, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I report on selected topics of hadron modification in the nuclear medium using the chiral unitary approach to describe the dynamics of the problems. I shall mention how antikaons, $η$, and $ϕ$ are modified in the medium and will report upon different experiments done or planned to measure the $ϕ$ width in the medium.
description: 10 pgs, 3 figs. Invited talk in the Workshop on in Medium Hadron Physics, Giessen, Nov 2004
An Agro-Economic Production Model for a Middle European River Basin - First Results of CAP Reform Scenario Calculations
Creators: name: Henseler, Martin
name: Krimly, Tatjana
name: Wirsig, Alexander
name: Henseler, Martin
name: Krimly, Tatjana
name: Wirsig, Alexander
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agricultural production model
subject: regional model
subject: interdisciplinary projects
subject: CAP reform 2003
subject: Positive Mathematical Programming

description: ACRE is an Agro-eConomic model for agricultural pRoduction on rEgional level. Based on an extension of Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) this model was developed as a decision tool for politics with respect to questions of global change- and political scenarios. Currently, ACRE is applied in the RIVERTWIN-Neckar project and politic scenarios of the CAP reform 2003 were calculated. This paper introduces ACRE, its theoretical framework, and the first results of political scenario calculations, which where done for the Neckar river basin.
Paramagnetic Faraday rotation with spin-polarized ytterbium atoms
Creators: name: Takeuchi, M.
name: Takano, T.
name: Ichihara, S.
name: Takasu, Y.
name: Kumakura, M.
name: Yabuzaki, T.
name: Takahashi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observation of the paramagnetic Faraday rotation of spin-polarized ytterbium (Yb) atoms. As the atomic samples, we used an atomic beam, released atoms from a magneto-optical trap (MOT), and trapped atoms in a far-off-resonant trap (FORT). Since Yb is diamagnetic and includes a spin-1/2 isotope, it is an ideal sample for the spin physics, such as quantum non-demolition measurement of spin (spin QND), for example. From the results of the rotation angle, we confirmed that the atoms were almost perfectly polarized.
description: 8 pages, 20 figures
INTEGRAL & RXTE Power Spectra of Cygnus X-1
Creators: name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Nowak, M. A.
name: Larsson, S.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Pooley, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate 0.03-20 Hz power spectra of the bright black hole binary Cyg X-1 obtained from non-deconvolved INTEGRAL-ISGRI event data. The ISGRI power spectra are compared to contemporary RXTE-PCA ones in the same hard X-ray energy band of 15-70 keV. They agree well in shape. Since the ISGRI power spectrum of Cyg X-1 is not background corrected it lies about an order of magnitude below the PCA values. In 2003 a soft outburst of Cyg X-1 occurred. From the RXTE-ASM and Ryle radio long term lightcurves and the RXTE spectra we see a canonical ``hard state -- intermediate state -- soft state'' evolution. We discuss the evolution of the power spectra in the 15-70 keV range which so far is much less well studied than that at softer energies. We interpret our results regarding the origin of certain variability components.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Proc. 35rd Cospar Scientific Assembly, accepted by Advances in Space Research
Additional file 5 of Changing relative risk of clinical factors for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury across age groups: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lijuan Wu
name: Hu, Yong
name: Xiangzhou Zhang
name: Weiqi Chen
name: Yu, Alan S. L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Waitman, Lemuel R.
name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Sensitivity and specificity at different operating probability cutoffs for the random forest model prediction of acute kidney injury.
Cyclic Imaging for All-Sky Interference Forecasting with Array Radio Telescopes
Creators: name: Hellbourg, Gregory
name: Morrison, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is threatening modern radio astronomy. A classic approach to mitigate its impact on astronomical data involves discarding the corrupted time and frequency data samples through a process called flagging and blanking. We propose the exploitation of the cyclostationary properties of the RFI signals to reliably detect and predict their locations within an array radio telescope field-of-view, and dynamically schedule the astronomical observations such as to minimize the probability of RFI data corruption.
SHELS: The Hectospec Lensing Survey
Creators: name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Dell'Antonio, Ian P.
name: Kurtz, Michael J.
name: Ramella, Massimo
name: Fabricant, Daniel G.
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Tyson, J. Anthony
name: Wittman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Smithsonian Hectospec Lensing Survey (SHELS) combines a large deep complete redshift survey with a weak lensing map from the Deep Lens Survey (Wittman et al. 2002; 2005). We use maps of the velocity dispersion based on systems identified in the redshift survey to compare the three-dimensional matter distribution with the two-dimensional projection mapped by weak lensing. We demonstrate directly that the lensing map images the three-dimensional matter distribution obtained from the kinematic data.
description: Astrophysical Journal Letters 9pages, 3 figures, accepted, corrected typos
Neutron-Neutron Fusion
Creators: name: Ando, Shung-ichi
name: Kubodera, Kuniharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron-neutron fusion process, $nn\to deν$, at very low neutron energies is studied in the framework of pionless effective field theory that incorporates dibaryon fields. The cross section and electron energy spectrum for this process are calculated up to next-to-leading order. We include the radiative corrections of ${\cal O}(α)$ calculated for the one-body transition amplitude. The precision of our theoretical estimates is found to be governed essentially by the accuracy with which the empirical values of the neutron-neutron scattering length and effective range are currently known. Also discussed is the precision of theoretical estimates of the transition rates of related electroweak processes in few-nucleon systems.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, minor correction, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Biermann Mechanism in Primordial Supernova Remnant and Seed Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Hanayama, Hidekazu
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Ohno, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study generation of magnetic fields by the Biermann mechanism in the pair-instability supernovae explosions of first stars. The Biermann mechanism produces magnetic fields in the shocked region between the bubble and interstellar medium (ISM), even if magnetic fields are absent initially. We perform a series of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations with the Biermann term and estimate the amplitude and total energy of the produced magnetic fields. We find that magnetic fields with amplitude $10^{-14}-10^{-17}$ G are generated inside the bubble, though the amount of magnetic fields generated depend on specific values of initial conditions. This corresponds to magnetic fields of $10^{28}-10^{31}$ erg per each supernova remnant, which is strong enough to be the seed magnetic field for galactic and/or interstellar dynamo.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Chirality in Coulomb-blockaded quantum dots
Creators: name: Sanchez, David
name: Buttiker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two-terminal nonlinear conductance of a Coulomb-blockaded quantum dot attached to chiral edge states. Reversal of the applied magnetic field inverts the system chirality and leads to a different polarization charge. As a result, the current--voltage characteristic is not an even function of the magnetic field. We show that the corresponding magnetic-field asymmetry arises from single-charge effects and vanishes in the limit of high temperature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Zitterbewegung of electrons and holes in III-V semiconductor quantum wells
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Westervelt, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of zitterbewegung is a long-standing prediction of relativistic quantum mechanics. Here we extend earlier theoretical studies on this phenomenon for the case of III-V zinc-blende semiconductors which exhibit particularly strong spin-orbit coupling. This property makes nanostructures made of these materials very favorable systems for possible experimental observations of zitterbewegung. Our investigations include electrons in n-doped quantum wells under the influence of both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction, and also the two-dimensional hole gas. Moreover, we give a detailed anaysis of electron zitterbewegung in quantum wires which appear to be particularly suited for experimentally observing this effect.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures included
Food Scares and Consumer Behaviour: A European Perspective
Creators: name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Lobb, Alexandra E.
name: Traill, W. Bruce
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Lobb, Alexandra E.
name: Traill, W. Bruce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food safety information
subject: trust
subject: risk perception
subject: Theory of Planned Behaviour
subject: chicken

description: In this paper a consumer food choice model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is extended to account for risk perception and trust. The data are from a nationally representative European survey of 2 725 respondents from five countries, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The model relates the intention to purchase chicken in an extended TPB framework, which incorporates risk perceptions, and trust in alternative sources of food safety information. This model was run for two behaviours of interest: the standard likelihood of intention to purchase and the likelihood of intention to purchase conditional on news about a salmonella incident. The model has good predictive power and shows distinct country differences. Only in the case of a food scare do risk perceptions and trust come into play. The findings suggest that the government policy priority should be on building and maintaining trust in food and health authorities, and research institutions, while food chain actors could eliminate many of the adverse consequences of a food scare if they could build public trust. Interestingly there is no relationship between socio-demographic variables and the trust placed by consumers in food safety information.
Itinerant Ferromagnetism in an Ultracold Atom Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Duine, R. A.
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the possible occurrence of ultracold atom ferromagnetism by evaluating the free energy of a spin polarized Fermi gas to second order in its interaction parameter. We find that Hartree-Fock theory underestimates the tendency toward ferromagnetism, predict that the ferromagnetic transition is first order at low temperatures, and point out that the spin coherence time of gases prepared in a ferromagnetic state is strongly enhanced as the transition is approached. We relate our results to recent experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of Changing relative risk of clinical factors for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury across age groups: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lijuan Wu
name: Hu, Yong
name: Xiangzhou Zhang
name: Weiqi Chen
name: Yu, Alan S. L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Waitman, Lemuel R.
name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Discretization for patient vital signs.
Additional file 4 of Changing relative risk of clinical factors for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury across age groups: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lijuan Wu
name: Hu, Yong
name: Xiangzhou Zhang
name: Weiqi Chen
name: Yu, Alan S. L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Waitman, Lemuel R.
name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Prediction performance in terms of area-under-the-operating-characteristic-curve (AUROC) for model built with top-200 important features and under-sampling of majority class samples.
Universality of capillary rising in corners
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiajia
name: Doi, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of capillary rising in corners. Using Onsager principle, we derive a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of meniscus profile. We obtain both numerical solutions and self-similar solutions to this partial differential equation. Our results show that the advance of the meniscus front follows a time-scaling of $t^{1/3}$, in agreement with the experimental results and theoretical conjecture of Ponomarenko et al.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted to JFM
On the breakdown of perturbative integrability in large N matrix models
Creators: name: Klose, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the perturbative integrability of the planar sector of a massive SU(N) matrix quantum mechanical theory with global SO(6) invariance and Yang-Mills-like interaction. This model arises as a consistent truncation of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a three-sphere to the lowest modes of the scalar fields. In fact, our studies mimic the current investigations concerning the integrability properties of this gauge theory. Like in the field theory we can prove the planar integrability of the SO(6) model at first perturbative order. At higher orders we restrict ourselves to the widely studied SU(2) subsector spanned by two complexified scalar fields of the theory. We show that our toy model satisfies all commonly studied integrability requirements such as degeneracies in the spectrum, existence of conserved charges and factorized scattering up to third perturbative order. These are the same qualitative features as the ones found in super Yang-Mills theory, which were enough to conjecture the all-loop integrability of that theory. For the SO(6) model, however, we show that these properties are not sufficient to predict higher loop integrability. In fact, we explicitly demonstrate the breakdown of perturbative integrability at fourth order.
description: 27 pages
Trade, Food Standards and Poverty: The Case of High-Value Vegetable Exports from Senegal
Creators: name: Maertens, Miet
name: Maertens, Miet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Agricultural supply chains are changing globally with pervasive food standards and increased vertical coordination. The impact of these changes for developing countries and for small farmers in those countries is not yet well understood. We analyze the developments in high-standards FFV supply chains and the effects for small farmers and rural households in Senegal. We use a unique dataset derived from company level interviews and household surveys in the main horticulture zone in Senegal. Supply chain restructuring resulted in a shift from contract-farming with small-scale producers to large-scale vertically integrated estate-farming. A comprehensive econometric analysis shows that the restructuring of the value chain has enhanced an equitable distribution of rents among the rural population. Contract-farming, on the one hand increases the gains from high-value production and trade that accrue to the rural smallholder population but on the other hand, leads to the exclusion of the poorest farmers. Estate-farming and associated rural employment have a smaller (albeit still significantly large) effect on rural incomes and probably increase the rents from high-value agricultural trade that are extracted by large agro-industrial companies but add to the income of the poorest households. This challenges the argument made in the literature that high-standards food production needs to integrate small farmers as suppliers if it needs to benefit rural development and increase the welfare for the poor.
Combined LOPES and KASCADE-Grande Data Analysis
Creators: name: Haungs, A.
name: Collaboration, LOPES
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First analyses of coincident data of the LOPES (LOfar PrototypE Station) radio antennas with the particle air shower experiment KASCADE-Grande show basic correlations in the observed shower parameters, like the strength of the radio signal and the particle number, or comparing the estimated shower directions. In addition, an improvement of the experimental resolution of the shower parameters reconstructed by KASCADE-Grande can be obtained by including the data of the radio antennas. This important feature will be shown in this article explicitely by an example event.
description: 5 pages, Proceedings of International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino detection Activities: ARENA, May 17-19, 2005, DESY Zeuthen
[Letter from Marshall Avery Howe]
Creators: name: Howe, Marshall Avery
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1906

description: Please keep fragments of specimens he wishes and which are able to be dived. Unable to send the finished copies of our joint paper on New American Algae. Encloses addressed envelopes for sending copies of the paper to, in Great Britain, Batters, Cotton, Darbishire, Gepp, Harvey-Gibson, Holmes, B. Dayton Jackson, Thomas Johnson, Lt. Col. David Prain, E. Perceval Wright, in Europe, Bornet, De Toni, Hariot, Kjellman, Rosenvinge, Möbius, Nordstedt, Oltmanns, Reinbold, Solms-Laubach, Svedelius, Weber van Bosse, Wille, Vickers and to Okamura and Yendo in Japan.
[Letter from Marshall Avery Howe]
Creators: name: Howe, Marshall Avery
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1906

description: Has received the manuscript and can accept most of the suggestions concerning it. It will go to the printer in a day or two. Has photographed the Lithophyllum daedaleum. Will watch out for more specimens of Archaeolithothamnion dimotum. Is planning to go to Porto Rico and the adjacent islands on a collecting trip.
Enhancing Land-Use-Efficiency through Appropriate Land Policies in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Grover, D.K.
name: Temesgen, Anteneh
name: Grover, D.K.
name: Temesgen, Anteneh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The land tenure system has been a controversial issue in Ethiopia: The advocates of the existing land policy believe that if the farmers are given the right to own land privately and are allowed to sell, many farmers will become landless and exposed to various hardships. The critics argues that the existing land tenure arrangements has contributed towards increased degradation of farmers' land resulting in soil erosion and poor productivity level of various crops. Farmers with ownership right and secure land tenure are more likely to make long-term investment in their land. The meager land productivity is not because of the poor soil fertility rather as a result of ill management of the limiting factor of production i.e. land. Programming model was developed using primary information, collected from 110 farmers' households (82 High income group + 28 Low income group) from 4 peasant associations in Meket District of north wollo region of Ethiopia in order to study the potential of land productivity enhancement through better land management and land use planning in the country. The optimal solutions brought out that land productivity increased by 9.4 percent on high-income group and 8 percent on low-income group farmers with an overall improvement of 8 percent in the region if farmers cultivate their land with more vigor and long-term commitments. Thus there is an urgent need to revisit the government policies especially with regard to land use planning, land tenure and ownership right etc for achieving the long term agricultural development.
Calibration-free quantitative phase imaging using data-driven aberration modeling
Creators: name: Chang, Taean
name: Jo, Youngju
name: Choi, Gunho
name: Ryu, Donghun
name: Min, Hyun-Seok
name: Park, Yongkeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a data-driven approach to compensate for optical aberration in calibration-free quantitative phase imaging (QPI). Unlike existing methods that require additional measurements or a background region to correct aberrations, we exploit deep learning techniques to model the physics of aberration in an imaging system. We demonstrate the generation of a single-shot aberration-corrected field image by using a U-net-based deep neural network that learns a translation between an optical field with aberrations and an aberration-corrected field. The high fidelity of our method is demonstrated on 2D and 3D QPI measurements of various confluent eukaryotic cells, benchmarking against the conventional method using background subtractions.
Additional file 3 of Changing relative risk of clinical factors for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury across age groups: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lijuan Wu
name: Hu, Yong
name: Xiangzhou Zhang
name: Weiqi Chen
name: Yu, Alan S. L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Waitman, Lemuel R.
name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. The percentage of missing values in vital signs.
The Age and Progenitor Mass of Sirius B
Creators: name: Liebert, James
name: Young, Patrick A.
name: Arnett, David
name: Holberg, J. B.
name: Williams, Kurtis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sirius AB binary system has masses that are well determined from many decades of astrometric measurements. Because of the well-measured radius and luminosity of Sirius A, we employed the TYCHO stellar evolution code to determine the age of the Sirius A,B binary system accurately, at 225-250 Myr. Note that this fit requires the assumption of solar abundance, and the use of the new Asplund et al. primordial solar metallicity. No fit to Sirius A's position is possible using the old Grevesse & Sauval scale. Because the Sirius B white dwarf parameters have also been determined accurately from space observations, the cooling age could be determined from recent calculations by Fontaine et al. or Wood to be 124 +/- 10 Myr. The difference of the two ages yields the nuclear lifetime and mass of the original primary star, 5.056 +0.374/-0.276 solar masses. This result yields in principle the most accurate data point at relatively high masses for the initial-final mass relation. However, the analysis relies on the assumption that the primordial abundance of the Sirius stars was solar, based on membership in the Sirius supercluster. A recent study suggests that its membership in the group is by no means certain.
description: 12 pages, one figure (reduced resolution JPG posted), accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters. Replaced with revised version correcting a typo in the text (the derived age of Sirius A on page 5); conclusions unchanged
TARIFF RATE QUOTAS AND THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION IN THE WTO
Creators: name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Kramb, Marc Christopher
name: Moennich, Christina
name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Kramb, Marc Christopher
name: Moennich, Christina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Since their implementation at the Uruguay Round, tariff rate quotas (TRQs) have become a widely used instrument of trade policy in agricultural trade. With almost 1300 TRQs scheduled at the WTO, it seems worthwhile to examine their economic effects more closely. This is what this paper does. First, the theoretical background of TRQs is examined. Then a short overview of the Uruguay Round as their institutional background is given. We demonstrate that official statistics, which do not count TRQs as non-tariff barriers, are at least highly misleading. Very often, their effects are the same as those of regular quotas, including redistributive effects. The prominent example of the European Banana regime is used to illustrate all of these points.
Two-stage catalytic hydrotreatment of highly nitrogenous biocrude from continuous hydrothermal liquefaction: A rational design of the stabilization stage
Creators: name: Haider, Muhammad Salman
name: Castello, Daniele
name: Rosendahl, Lasse Aistrup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective catalytic hydrotreatment of highly nitrogenous biocrudes derived from the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of primary sewage sludge and microalga Spirulina biomass was explored. A critical issue is the lack of thermal stability of raw HTL biocrudes at the severe conditions (~400 °C) required for hydrodenitrogenation. This fact suggests the need for a two-stage approach, involving a first low-temperature stabilization stage followed by another one operated at higher temperature. In this study, DSC was successfully used to indicate the thermal stability of both biocrudes. During hydrotreating, it was observed that complete deoxygenation was already achieved in the first stage at 350 °C, with limited coke formation. Moreover, after second stage up to 92% denitrogenation associated with the higher hydrogen consumption (39.9 g kg -1 for Spirulina and 36.9 g kg -1 for sewage sludge) was obtained for both biocrudes. Consequently, comparable oil yields but significantly less coke yields were recorded during two stage upgrading (1.0% for Spirulina and 0.7% for sewage sludge), compared to direct processing at 400 °C (9.1% for Spirulina and 3.4% for sewage sludge). In addition, the properties of the upgraded oils were enhanced by increasing the temperature in the first stage (310 °C, 330 °C and 350 °C respectively). Finally, the results indicated that remarkable drop in fuel properties were obtained, with respect to heteroatom (O and N) removal, HHV, and H/C ratio during the two stage hydrotreatment. Two-stage hydrotreating is therefore proposed as a successful approach for the upgrading of HTL biocrudes with high nitrogen content.
description: Accepted manuscript. Published in Biomass & Bioenergy (Elsevier)
EFFICIENCY-ENHANCING EFFECTS OF PRIVATE AND COLLECTIVE ENTERPRISES IN TRANSITIONAL CHINA
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Bischoff, Ivo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: Private and collective enterprises are expected to increase overall efficiency in transitional China, partly because they are more efficient than state owned enterprises. More importantly, this paper argues, they induce efficiency gains in state owned enterprises and the economy as a whole. Empirical evidence from 28 Chinese provinces between 1993 and 1998 gives support to this hypothesis by showing that the activity levels of private enterprises and rural collective enterprises have a positive effect on regional labor productivity.
CONSUMER ATTITUDES TOWARDS FOOD SAFETY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH MEAT PROCESSING
Creators: name: Schroeter, Christiane
name: Schroeter, Christiane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: A focus group study with 37 residents of Manhattan, Kansas, was conducted to examine consumers' risk perceptions of foodborne illnesses from beef. The four focus-group sessions were designed to determine (1) relative preferences for alternative combinations of public food safety (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points(HACCP), carcass pasteurization, irradiation) and private protection (home preparation of rare, medium, and well-done hamburgers); (2) how who is at risk (children vs.adults)influences preferences; (3) whether consumers would pay a premium for the higher levels of product safety arising from the adoption of three different innovations in processing plants; and (4) how to improve risk communication about foodborne illnesses and ways to protect against them. Although participants seemed aware of many food safety practices, misinformation and misconception also were found. The majority of the participants preferred well-done, steam-pasteurized or medium, irradiated hamburgers. For a 5-year-old child, the majority chose well-done, steam-pasteurized or well-done, irradiated hamburgers. Concerning willingness-to-pay, the majority of the participants preferred steam-pasteurized ground beef to regular ground beef when both were priced equally. Results indicated that new technologies available for food safety interventions provided a marginal value to participants. Participants also expressed a need for more information.
Relations between quark and lepton mixing angles and matrices
Creators: name: Li, Nan
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relations between the mixing angles and the mixing matrices of quarks and leptons. With Raidal's numerical relations, we parametrize the lepton mixing (PMNS) matrix with the parameters of the quark mixing (CKM) matrix, and calculate the products of $V_{\mathrm{CKM}}U_{\mathrm{PMNS}}$ and $U_{\mathrm{PMNS}}V_{\mathrm{CKM}}$. Also, under the conjectures $V_{\mathrm{CKM}}U_{\mathrm{PMNS}}=U_{\mathrm{bimax}}$ or $U_{\mathrm{PMNS}}V_{\mathrm{CKM}}=U_{\mathrm{bimax}}$, we get the PMNS matrix naturally, and test Raidal's relations in these two different versions. The similarities and the differences between the different versions are discussed in detail.
description: 10 pages, no figure, final version to appear in EPJC
Orbital evolution of Saturn's satellites due to the interaction between the moons and massive Saturn's rings
Creators: name: Nakajima, Ayano
name: Ida, Shigeru
name: Ishigaki, Yota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Saturn's mid-sized moons (satellites) have a puzzling orbital configuration with trapping in mean-motion resonances with every other pairs (Mimas-Tethys 4:2 and Enceladus-Dione 2:1). To reproduce their current orbital configuration on the basis of Crida & Charnoz's model of satellite formation from a hypothetical ancient massive rings, adjacent pairs must pass 1st-order mean-motion resonances without being trapped. The trapping could be avoided by fast orbital migration and/or excitation of the satellite's eccentricity caused by gravitational interactions between the satellites and the rings (the disk), which are still unknown. In our research, we investigate the satellite orbital evolution due to interactions with the disk through full N-body simulations. We performed global high-resolution N-body simulations of a self-gravitating particle disk interacting with a single satellite. We used $N \sim 10^5$ particles for the disk. Gravitational forces of all the particles and their inelastic collisions are taken into account. As a result, dense short-wavelength wake structure is created by the disk self-gravity and global spiral arms with $m \sim$ a few is induced by the satellite. The self-gravity wakes regulate the orbital evolution of the satellite, which has been considered as a disk spreading mechanism but not as a driver for the orbital evolution. The self-gravity wake torque to the satellite is so effective that the satellite migration is much faster than that was predicted with the spiral arms torque. It provides a possible model to avoid the resonance capture of adjacent satellite pairs and establish the current orbital configuration of Saturn's mid-sized satellites.
description: (6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in A&A)
The brightest OH maser in the sky: a flare of emission in W75 N
Creators: name: Alakoz, A. V.
name: Slysh, V. I.
name: Popov, M. V.
name: Val'tts, I. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A flare of maser radio emission in the OH-line 1665 MHz has been discovered in the star forming region W75 N in 2003, with the flux density of about 1000 Jy. At the time it was the strongest OH maser detected during the whole history of observations since the discovery of cosmic masers in 1965. The flare emission is linearly polarized with a degree of polarization near 100%. A weaker flare with a flux of 145 Jy was observed in this source in 2000 - 2001, which was probably a precursor of the powerful flare. Intensity of two other spectral features has decreased after beginning of the flare. Such variation of the intensity of maser condensation emission (increasing of one and decreasing of the other) can be explained by passing of the magneto hydrodynamic shock across regions of enhanced gas concentration.
description: 9 pages with 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Listening for the words and the music : learning about community development from low-income residents of Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside Strathcona
Creators: name: Coyne, Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents the story of what members of a low-income and marginalized community see as appropriate community development for them, an understanding of which involves appreciation of the words AND music of community development. In presenting this story, the thesis explores the role of community development in addressing social exclusion in inner-city areas and identifies how the knowledge and experiences of lowincome communities can inform theory and practice. Based on qualitative research undertaken in Downtown Eastside Strathcona, an innercity neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, this thesis also endeavors to exemplify research that is situated in the practice of the researcher, in my own community practice. To achieve this, I, a practitioner-researcher, worked with a community group with which I was already involved to develop a guide to community development from their perspective. The guide, entitled Getting the Words AND the Music, and the conversations that informed the preparation of it, were analyzed to determine the contributions that are made to community development theory and practice. In this research, I identified four key principles to which these residents of Downtown Eastside Strathcona make a unique and valuable contribution: community development needs to be inclusive of all community members, particularly the marginalized; resident involvement in decision-making should be promoted; social justice through the equitable distribution of goods and services should be pursued; and the contribution of residents and agencies working together to strengthen their community should be celebrated. While these principles are clearly evident in community development theory, the analysis suggests that fulfillment of these principles requires a commitment to resident-centred approaches, to learning to listen to residents, to promoting the voice of the voiceless, to ensuring access to services to meet basic needs, and to redefining community to be inclusive of all. I conclude this thesis by showing that, in the experience of this researcher, a commitment of this nature may require personal change and a comfort level with messy, unpredictable practice. This change, while at times uncomfortable, may also be a gift - an ability to discern the music of community development as understood by low-income communities.
Additional file 1 of Changing relative risk of clinical factors for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury across age groups: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lijuan Wu
name: Hu, Yong
name: Xiangzhou Zhang
name: Weiqi Chen
name: Yu, Alan S. L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Waitman, Lemuel R.
name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The KDIGO serum creatinine based staging system for acute kidney injury.
Free-standing silicon nitride nanobeams with efficient fiber-chip interface for cavity QED
Creators: name: Alajlan, Abdulrahman
name: Khurana, Mohit
name: Liu, Xiaohan
name: Cojocaru, Ivan
name: Akimov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design, fabrication and characterization of high quality factor silicon nitride nanobeam PhC cavities at visible wavelengths for coupling to diamond color centers in a cavity QED system. We demonstrate devices with a quality factor of about 24;000 around the zero-phonon line of the germanium-vacancy center in diamond. We also present an efficient fiber-to-waveguide coupling platform for suspended nanophotonics. By gently changing the corresponding effective indices at the fiber-waveguide interface, we achieve an efficiency of about 96% at the cavity resonance.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder among patients seeking orthodontic treatment
Creators: name: Sathyanarayana, Haritha Pottipalli
name: Sridevi Padmanabhan
name: R. Balakrishnan
name: Chitharanjan, Arun B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
Additional file 1 of Sale of WHO AWaRe groups antibiotics without a prescription in Pakistan: a simulated client study
Creators: name: Zikria Saleem
name: Hassali, Mohamed Azmi
name: Godman, Brian
name: Munazzah Fatima
name: Zeenia Ahmad
name: Areeba Sajid
name: Inaam Ur Rehman
name: Nadeem, Muhammad Umer
name: Javaid, Zaida
name: Madeeha Malik
name: Hussain, Azhar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
ESTIMATION OF IMPLICIT PRICES FOR GREEN PEPPER QUALITY ATTRIBUTES USING AN HEDONIC FRAMEWORK
Creators: name: Estes, Edmund A.
name: Estes, Edmund A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Marginal implicit prices for selected green pepper quality attributes were estimated using conventional linear regression techniques within an hedonic framework. Results indicated that cooler product temperatures and larger sized fruit were important physical attributes valued by wholesale buyers operating on Atlanta Farmers' Market during the 1985 summer period. In general, marginal implicit valuations for temperature and fruit size did not change appreciably over the marketing season.
High-Tc state of Lanthanum hydrides
Creators: name: Song, Hao
name: Duan, Defang
name: Cui, Tian
name: Kresin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high critical temperature phase of lanthanum hydrides deserves special attention because this phase displays the highest observed critical temperature. We focus on the evaluation of the critical temperature, isotope coefficient, and their pressure dependence of this phase (Fm3m phase of the LaH10 compound). By combining the method of two coupling constants, describing the interaction with the optical and acoustic modes, and two characteristic frequencies with first-principle calculations we are able to analyze the role of the light hydrogen in the amplitude of the critical temperature in this unique compound. Specifically, the critical temperature of 254 K and the isotope coefficient of 0.45 are evaluated at high pressure, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The peculiar decrease in the value of the critical temperature upon further increase in pressure is explained by the presence of a flat region on the Fermi surface and the appearance of a two-gap structure, which should be experimentally observable by tunneling spectroscopy.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures,2 tables
Additional file 1 of Reliability of foveal avascular zone measurements in eyes with retinal vein occlusion using optical coherence tomography angiography
Creators: name: Oliveira, Bruno Mauricio Rodrigues De
name: Nakayama, Luis Filipe
name: Godoy, Bruno Rebello De
name: Azevedo, Alexandre Gomes Bortoloti De
name: Hirai, Flavio Eduardo
name: Somaia Mitne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Ethics Committee Approval provided by UNIFESP Institutional Review Board.