cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extended Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Romano, R.
name: Roca-Maza, X.
name: Colò, G.
name: Shen, Shihang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model was devised to test the validity of different approximate formalisms to treat many-particle systems. The model was constructed to be exactly solvable and yet non-trivial, in order to capture some of the main features of real physical systems. In the present contribution, we explicitly review the fact that different many-body approximations commonly used in different fields in physics clearly fail to describe the exact LMG solution. With similar assumptions as those adopted for the LMG model, we propose a new Hamiltonian based on a general two-body interaction. The new model (Extended LMG) is not only more general than the original LMG model and, therefore, with a potentially larger spectrum of applicability, but also the physics behind its exact solution can be much better captured by common many-body approximations. At the basis of this improvement lies a new term in the Hamiltonian that depends on the number of constituents and polarizes the system; the associated symmetry breaking is discussed, together with some implications for the study of more realistic systems.
description: Accepted for publication in JPhysG (Letter)
ข้อบกพร่องในการเขียนของนักศึกษาวิชาเอกภาษาญี่ปุ่นชั้นปีที่ 2 คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Creators: name: สุรัตน์ ศรีราษฎร์
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: นักศึกษา
การเขียน
ข้อบกพร่อง

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 219-250
From a few to many electrons in quantum dots under strong magnetic fields: Properties of rotating electron molecules with multiple rings
Creators: name: Li, Yuesong
name: Yannouleas, Constantine
name: Landman, Uzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the method of breaking of circular symmetry and of subsequent symmetry restoration via projection techiques, we present calculations for the ground-state energies and excitation spectra of N-electron parabolic quantum dots in strong magnetic fields in the medium-size range 10 <= N <= 30. The physical picture suggested by our calculations is that of finite rotating electron molecules (REMs) comprising multiple rings, with the rings rotating independently of each other. An analytic expression for the energetics of such non-rigid multi-ring REMs is derived; it is applicable to arbitrary sizes given the corresponding equilibrium configuration of classical point charges. We show that the rotating electron molecules have a non-rigid (non-classical) rotational inertia exhibiting simultaneous crystalline correlations and liquid-like (non-rigidity) characteristics. This mixed phase appears in high magnetic fields and contrasts with the picture of a classical rigid Wigner crystal in the lowest Landau level.
description: REVTEX4, 15 pages with 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B. To download a file with figures of higher quality, click http://www.prism.gatech.edu/~ph274cy/ (go to publication #72)
TRA MOLLEZZA DELLA CARNE E SOTTIGLIEZZA DELL'INGEGNO (NEGATO): LA 'NATURA' DELLA DONNA NEL DIBATTITO CINQUECENTESCO
Creators: name: PLASTINA, SANDRA
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Ferrara
Year: 2015
Subjects: Renaissance Philosophy, Aristotelian gender norms, nature of women, women philosophers

description: As is well known, the Aristotelian understanding of gender identity, dominant in the scholastic culture of this period, proposed a sharp dichotomy between the social roles of the two sexes and the sets of virtues thought proper to them. Aristotle regarded these differences as essential, in that they derived from the supposed biological differences between the sexes. Some Renaissance treatises rejected the old stereotypes and conventional models of female behavior, and we see a project of gender revisionism and a confutation of Aristotelian gender norms. At the end of XVI century Camilla Erculiani, Moderata Fonte, Lucrezia Marinelli engage with the task of refuting scholastic philosophical arguments for female inferiority.
description: I castelli di Yale online, volume III, numero 2, 2015
Sound modes in collisional superfluid Bose gases
Creators: name: Furutani, Koichiro
name: Tononi, Andrea
name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate sound modes in a weakly-interacting collisional Bose gas in $D$ dimensions. Using the Landau's two-fluid hydrodynamics and working within the Bogoliubov theory, we observe the hybridization of the first and second sound modes for $D\ge 2$. To model the recent measurements of the sound velocities in 2D, obtained in the weakly-interacting regime and around the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature, we derive a refined calculation of the superfluid density, finding a fair agreement with the experiment. In the 1D case, for which experimental results are currently unavailable, we find no hybridization, triggering the necessity of future investigations. Our analysis provides a systematic understanding of sound propagation in a collisional weakly-interacting Bose gas in $D$ dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics
Kondo screening in a magnetically frustrated nanostructure: Exact results on a stable, non-Fermi-liquid phase
Creators: name: Ingersent, Kevin
name: Ludwig, Andreas W. W.
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triangular symmetry stabilizes a novel non-Fermi-liquid phase in the three-impurity Kondo model with frustrating antiferromagnetic interactions between half-integer impurity spins. The phase arises without fine-tuning of couplings, and is stable against magnetic fields and particle-hole symmetry breaking. We find a conformal field theory describing this phase, verify it using the numerical renormalization group, and extract various exact, universal low-energy properties. Signatures predicted in electrical transport may be testable in scanning tunneling microscopy or quantum-dot experiments.
description: 4 pages, published version (shortened, minor corrections)
No-Go Theorems on Localization of Gravity around Higher Codimensional Branes in Noncompact Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Li, Shing Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the brane world scenario of a single brane (or a single stack of branes) with codimension higher than one. When the extra dimensions are not small, localization of gravity around the brane is needed in order to reproduce the observable four-dimensional gravity. We focus on the case of noncompact extra dimensions, where the possibility of localized gravity becomes non-trivial. We show that in large class of gravity models, localization of massless gravity is not possible for codimension-2 branes with at least one noncompact extra dimension. With additional mild assumptions on field backgrounds, we also show that it is not possible for higher codimensional branes with two or more noncompact extra dimensions.
description: 23 pages, published version in JHEP
Is GW190521 the merger of black holes from the first stellar generations?
Creators: name: Farrell, Eoin J.
name: Groh, Jose H.
name: Hirschi, Raphael
name: Murphy, Laura
name: Kaiser, Etienne
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Meynet, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GW190521 challenges our understanding of the late-stage evolution of massive stars and the effects of the pair-instability in particular. We discuss the possibility that stars at low or zero metallicity could retain most of their hydrogen envelope until the pre-supernova stage, avoid the pulsational pair-instability regime and produce a black hole with a mass in the mass gap by fallback. We present a series of new stellar evolution models at zero and low metallicity computed with the Geneva and MESA stellar evolution codes and compare to existing grids of models. Models with a metallicity in the range 0-0.0004 have three properties which favour higher BH masses as compared to higher metallicity models. These are (i) lower mass-loss rates during the post-MS phase, (ii) a more compact star disfavouring binary interaction and (iii) possible H-He shell interactions which lower the CO core mass. We conclude that it is possible that GW190521 may be the merger of black holes produced directly by massive stars from the first stellar generations. Our models indicate BH masses up to 70-75 Msun. Uncertainties related to convective mixing, mass loss, H-He shell interactions and pair-instability pulsations may increase this limit to ~85 Msun.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Fluctuation diagnostic of the nodal/antinodal dichotomy in the Hubbard model at weak coupling: a parquet dual fermion approach
Creators: name: Krien, Friedrich
name: Lichtenstein, Alexander I.
name: Rohringer, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the boson exchange parquet solver for dual fermions to the half-filled Hubbard model on a square lattice at small interaction. Our results establish that, in this regime, nonlocal vertex corrections play an important role in the formation of the pseudogap. Namely, in comparison to the simpler ladder approximation, these additional vertex corrections included in the parquet equations enhance the coupling of spin fluctuations with the quasiparticles. The pseudogap thus opens already at a higher temperature, in quantitative agreement with the numerically exact diagrammatic Monte Carlo. The representation of the parquet diagrams in terms of boson exchange facilitates large lattice sizes and gives rise to an unbiased fluctuation diagnostic of the self-energy, which does not rely on the Fierz ambiguity. The fluctuation diagnostic implies that nodal and antinodal fermions are affected equally by spin fluctuations with the exact commensurate nesting vector $(π,π)$. However, the antinode couples more efficiently to incommensurate fluctuations than the node, leading to the nodal/antinodal dichotomy. We corroborate this finding in terms of a spin-fermion-like calculation.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
LEAF REMOVAL SEVERITY AND TIMING AFFECTS ON ‘HONEYCRISP’ AND ‘WA-38’ APPLE FRUIT QUALITY
Creators: name: Howe, Orlando
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Honeycrisp
WA 38
Apples
Leaf removal
harvest

description: Leaf removal before harvest can be useful for enhancing red color for bicolor apple cultivars. Red color increases the appeal to consumers. Despite the potential benefits of leaf removal for enhancing red color, there may also be risks to fruit quality. Removing leaves increases sun exposure, which can lead to sunburn damage, reducing the percentage of marketable, non-sunburned fruit and affecting overall fruit quality. This raises the need to balance optimizing fruit coloration with minimizing risks to both the current and subsequent seasons' crops. In the industry, leaf removal has been used to enhance red color but has not thoroughly addressed the impact on tree health and productivity in subsequent years. Here, two experiments were conducted to research the impact of leaf removal on fruit quality. In one experiment, five different leaf removal levels were applied (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the leaf canopy) 14 days before harvest (N=5) to assess their effects on fruit coloration, sunburn, return yields, and shoot vigor in ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘WA 38’ apples. In the second experiment, red color development and sunburn was evaluated for leaf removal treatments either 7 or 14 days before harvest compared to an untreated control. As the percentage of leaf removal increased, the percentage of marketable, non-sunburned fruit decreased, indicating that sunburn increased as leaf removal increased for both cultivars but to a lower extent for ‘WA 38’. Red color coverage increased with an increase in leaf removal, with 100% removal resulting in the highest percentage of red color coverage in both ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘WA 38’. When leaf removal severity was greater than 50%, the yields the following year were lower but shoot vigor was unaffected. Leaf removal at either 7 or 14 days before harvest improved red color compared to the control, but there were no differences between these two treatments, indicating that the window for leaf removal can be as little as 7 days before harvest. ‘WA 38’ was easier to color than ‘Honeycrisp,’ and deleafing in a poor color year was good for both cultivars but in a good color year like 2023, deleafing was only useful for ‘Honeycrisp’
"จักรีนฤบดินทร สยามินทราธิราช": พระมหากษัตริย์ผู้ทรงบทบาทของพระวิษณุ
Creators: name: สุภาพร พลายเล็ก
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรามหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช
พระวิษณุ
พระนารายณ์
การอวตาร
การเทิดพระเกียรติ

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 34-83
DIDATTICA, EDITORIA E PARI OPPORTUNITÀ DI GENERE NELLA SCUOLA ITALIANA
Creators: name: ROSSETTI, SANDRA
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Ferrara
Year: 2015
Subjects: School, Teaching, Gender stereotypes

description: Gender stereotypes are strongly rooted in Italian schools, due to the use of sexual language, of textbooks not attentive to gender equality, and of teachers who are not trained to responsibly address the issue. This paper aims at analyzing the important initiatives relating to education for gender equality that, urged by the second wave of feminism, have been taken since 1970 to the present day, considering all obstacles and difficulties that still prevent a real transformation of the educational institutions in Italy.
description: I castelli di Yale online, volume III, numero 2, 2015
Transcription of Cow Pie story
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Kelly, Christine
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-150417-05: transcription of Cow Pie story from file VP-300307-11, entire story from start to 4:33.
Calculating the inhomogeneous reionization of the universe
Creators: name: Razoumov, Alexei O.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A numerical scheme for the solution of the three-dimensional, frequency- and time-dependent radiative transfer equation with variable optical depth is developed for modelling the reionization of the Universe. Until now, the main difficulty in simulating the inhomogeneous reionization has been the treatment of cosmological radiative transfer. The proposed approach is drastically different from previous studies, which either resorted to a very simplified, parametric treatment of radiative transfer, or relied on one-dimensional models. The algorithm presented here is based on explicit multidimensional advection of wavefronts at the speed of light, combined with the implicit solution of the local chemical rate equations separately at each point. I implement the ray-tracing version of this algorithm on a desktop workstation and check its performance on a wide variety of test problems, showing that explicit advection at the speed of light is an attractive choice for simulation of astrophysical ionization fronts, particularly when one is interested in covering a wide range of optical depths within a 3D clumpy medium. This scheme is then applied to the calculation of time-dependent, multi-frequency radiative transfer during the epoch of first object formation in the Universe. In a series of models, the 2.5 Mpc (comoving) simulation volume is evolved between the redshifts of z = 15 and z = 10 for different scenarios of star formation and quasar activity. The highest numerical resolution employed is 64³ (spatial) x 10² (angular) x 3 (frequency), and at each point in space I calculate various stages of hydrogen and helium ionization accounting for nine chemical species altogether. It is shown that at higher numerical resolution these models of inhomogeneous reionization can be used to predict the observational signatures of the earliest astrophysical objects in the Universe. At present, the calculations are accurate enough to resolve primordial objects to the scale typical of globular clusters, 1O[superscript 6] M⊙.
Phase tipping: How cyclic ecosystems respond to contemporary climate
Creators: name: Alkhayuon, Hassan
name: Tyson, Rebecca C.
name: Wieczorek, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We identify the phase of a cycle as a new critical factor for tipping points (critical transitions) in cyclic systems subject to time-varying external conditions. As an example, we consider how contemporary climate variability induces tipping from a predator-prey cycle to extinction in two paradigmatic predator-prey models with an Allee effect. Our analysis of these examples uncovers a counter-intuitive behaviour, which we call phase tipping or P-tipping, where tipping to extinction occurs only from certain phases of the cycle. To explain this behaviour, we combine global dynamics with set theory and introduce the concept of partial basin instability for attracting limit cycles. This concept provides a general framework to analyse and identify easily testable criteria for the occurrence of phase tipping in externally forced systems, and can be extended to more complicated attractors.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Generating multi-scaling networks with different types of nodes
Creators: name: Yang, Shi-Jie
name: Zhao, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of scale-free networks have been created since the pioneer work by A.-L. Barabási and R. Albert. All this networks are homogeneous since they are composed of the same kind of nodes. In the realistic world, however, one element (node or vertex) in the network may play different roles and hence has different functions. In this Letter, we develop a new kind of network to account for this property. In our model, each type of nodes may exhibit a scaling law in the degree distribution and the scaling exponents are adjustable. As a consequence, the whole network lacks of such scaling characteristics, which indicates that many previous statistical results based on empirical data that claimed to be scale-free networks may need to be reexamined. This model poses an alternative way of the network division other than the module method. Besides, one can expect that this new network will exhibit some interesting properties concerning the dynamical processes on it.
description: 4 figures
DMRG Simulation of the SU(3) AFM Heisenberg Model
Creators: name: Aguado, M.
name: Asorey, M.
name: Ercolessi, E.
name: Ortolani, F.
name: Pasini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the antiferromagnetic $\text{SU}(3)$ Heisenberg chain by means of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG). The results confirm that the model is critical and the computation of its central charge and the scaling dimensions of the first excited states show that the underlying low energy conformal field theory is the $\text{SU}(3)_1$ Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model.
description: corrections and improvements added
Quasinormal Spectrum and Quantization of Charged Black Holes
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black-hole quasinormal modes have been the subject of much recent attention, with the hope that these oscillation frequencies may shed some light on the elusive theory of quantum gravity. We study {\it analytically} the asymptotic quasinormal spectrum of a {\it charged} scalar field in the (charged) Reissner-Nordström spacetime. We find an analytic expression for these black-hole resonances in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: its Bekenstein-Hawking temperature $T_{BH}$, and its electric potential $Φ$. We discuss the applicability of the results in the context of black-hole quantization. In particular, we show that according to Bohr's correspondence principle, the asymptotic resonance corresponds to a fundamental area unit $ΔA=4\hbar\ln2$.
description: 4 pages
Anschütz, Helga: Die syrischen Christen vom Tur'Abdin
Creators: name: Heyer, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 33 Nr. 4 (1984): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 33, Heft 4
Fiber-compatible photonic feed-forward with 99% fidelity
Creators: name: Zanin, G. L.
name: Jacquet, M. J.
name: Spagnolo, M.
name: Schiansky, P.
name: Calafell, I. Alonso
name: Rozema, L. A.
name: Walther, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both photonic quantum computation and the establishment of a quantum internet require fiber-based measurement and feed-forward in order to be compatible with existing infrastructure. Here we present a fiber-compatible scheme for measurement and feed-forward, whose performance is benchmarked by carrying out remote preparation of single-photon polarization states at telecom-wavelengths. The result of a projective measurement on one photon deterministically controls the path a second photon takes with ultrafast optical switches. By placing well-calibrated {bulk} passive polarization optics in the paths, we achieve a measurement and feed-forward fidelity of (99.0 $\pm$ 1)%, after correcting for other experimental errors. Our methods are useful for photonic quantum experiments including computing, communication, and teleportation.
description: 8pages, 4 figures
Spatially Resolving the Inner Disk of TW Hya
Creators: name: Eisner, J. A.
name: Chiang, E. I.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck Interferometer observations of TW Hya that spatially resolve its emission at 2 micron wavelength. Analyzing these data together with existing K-band veiling and near-infrared photometric measurements, we conclude that the inner disk consists of optically thin, sub-micron-sized dust extending from ~4 AU to within 0.06 AU of the central star. The inner disk edge may be magnetospherically truncated. Even if we account for the presence of gas in the inner disk, these small dust grains have survival times against radiation blow-out that are orders of magnitude shorter than the age of the system, suggesting continual replenishment through collisions of larger bodies.
description: 11 pages, including 2 figures. Accepted by ApJL
Single-Trajectory Characterization of Active Swimmers in a Flow
Creators: name: Junot, Gaspard
name: Clément, Eric
name: Auradou, Harold
name: García-García, Reinaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a maximum likelihood method to infer relevant physical properties of elongated active particles. Using individual trajectories of advected swimmers as input, we are able to accurately determine their rotational diffusion coefficients and an effective measure of their aspect ratio, also providing reliable estimators for the uncertainties of such quantities. We validate our theoretical construction using numerically generated active trajectories upon no-flow, simple shear, and Poiseuille flow, with excellent results. Being designed to rely on single-particle data, our method eases applications in experimental conditions where swimmers exhibit a strong morphological diversity. We briefly discuss some of such ongoing experimental applications, specifically, in the characterization of swimming E.coli in a flow.
Nonlinear optical properties of quantum well structures in the presence of intense infared lasers
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Seyed Mostafa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We theoretically and experimentally investigate the non-linear optical properties of undoped and n-doped quantum wells (QW's) in the presence of intense infrared lasers. These lasers are polarized along the QW growth directions and near resonance with the transitions between the conduction subbands. In n-doped QW's by inclusion of electronelectron scattering and dynamic screening we study for the first time: (i) the effects of the frequencies and intensities of the infrared fields on the dephasing rates associated with the intersubband transitions, (ii) the generation of various nonlinear gain processes, and (iii) coherent and optical processes such as coherent population trapping, dark line and laser induced transparency effects. In undoped QW's by presenting a consistent theory we show how one can use infrared coupling of the conduction subbands of a QW to coherently manipulate absorption and emission spectra of excitons. We discuss these effects in.terms of multi-photon coupling of the excitons or electrons, quantum interferences, and by presenting a new model to treat laser-matter interaction. Following these developments we put some of our own results to test by observing the emission dynamics of excitons in the presence of an intense CO2 laser. We report the first observations of infrared enhancement of the effective non-radiative decay rates of excitons and the effects of multi-level transition processes in the emission of QW's. This thesis also includes an extensive analysis of nonlinear effects in atomic systems. While the primary motivation for this analysis was to understand and design nonlinear optics of QW's, in the process some original contributions were made to the study of nonlinear optics of atomic systems.
Improvement of the AROPAj model covering a large range of agricultural activities at wide (UE) and high resolution (mapping of farm types) scales
Creators: name: Baranger, Edouard
name: Clodic, Melissa
name: Galko, Elodie
name: Jayet, Pierre-Alain
name: Zakharov, Paul
name: Baranger, Edouard
name: Clodic, Melissa
name: Galko, Elodie
name: Jayet, Pierre-Alain
name: Zakharov, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: supply model
subject: EU
subject: linear programming
subject: agriculture
subject: environment
subject: coupling
subject: down-scaling

description: Mathematical programming models suit policy makers' needs for assessing impacts of new policies and modellers' needs for new parameters, constraints and activities to represent the phenomenon under study. The AROPAj model aims at taking into account any geographical extension of the European Union as well as the continuously changing Common Agricultural Policy. As well as the European policies will include more and more environmental problems, AROPAj will be more and more designed toward environmental assessments. Two improvement axes are set up. Biophysical models are used to refine the design of farming systems represented in the economic model and to estimate nitrogen pollutant emissions. Down-scaling methods are coupled with the regional farm group models, aiming at providing results at a fine resolution scale useful for policy evaluation and for consistent analysis of environmental impacts calling for physical models. This helps to deal with new challenges like renewable energy production consistently with agricultural potential and environmental requirements.
Unification via intermediate symmetry breaking scales with the quartification gauge group
Creators: name: Demaria, Alison
name: Low, Catherine I.
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of quark-lepton universality at high energies has been introduced as a natural extension to the standard model. This is achieved by endowing leptons with new degrees of freedom -- leptonic colour, an analogue of the familiar quark colour. Grand and partially unified models which utilise this new gauge symmetry SU(3)_\ell have been proposed in the context of the quartification gauge group SU(3)^4. Phenomenologically successful gauge coupling constant unification without supersymmetry has been demonstrated for cases where the symmetry breaking leaves a residual SU(2)_\ell unbroken. Though attractive, these schemes either incorporate ad hoc discrete symmetries and non-renormalisable mass terms, or achieve only partial unification. We show that grand unified models can be constructed where the quartification group can be broken fully [i.e. no residual SU(2)_\ell] to the standard model gauge group without requiring additional discrete symmetries or higher dimension operators. These models also automatically have suppressed nonzero neutrino masses. We perform a systematic analysis of the renormalisation-group equations for all possible symmetry breaking routes from SU(3)^4 --> SU(3)_q x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y. This analysis indicates that gauge coupling unification can be achieved for several different symmetry breaking patterns and we outline the requirements that each gives on the unification scale. We also show that the unification scenarios of those models which leave a residual SU(2)_\ell symmetry are not unique. In both symmetry breaking cases, some of the scenarios require new physics at the TeV scale, while others do not allow for new TeV phenomenology in the fermionic sector.
description: 25 pages
Generating Attribution Maps with Disentangled Masked Backpropagation
Creators: name: Ruiz, Adria
name: Agudo, Antonio
name: Moreno, Francesc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Attribution map visualization has arisen as one of the most effective techniques to understand the underlying inference process of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this task, the goal is to compute an score for each image pixel related with its contribution to the final network output. In this paper, we introduce Disentangled Masked Backpropagation (DMBP), a novel gradient-based method that leverages on the piecewise linear nature of ReLU networks to decompose the model function into different linear mappings. This decomposition aims to disentangle the positive, negative and nuisance factors from the attribution maps by learning a set of variables masking the contribution of each filter during back-propagation. A thorough evaluation over standard architectures (ResNet50 and VGG16) and benchmark datasets (PASCAL VOC and ImageNet) demonstrates that DMBP generates more visually interpretable attribution maps than previous approaches. Additionally, we quantitatively show that the maps produced by our method are more consistent with the true contribution of each pixel to the final network output.
Quasiparticle time blocking approximation within the framework of generalized Green function formalism
Creators: name: Tselyaev, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the microscopic description of excited states of the even-even open-shell atomic nuclei is considered. A model is formulated which allows one to go beyond the quasiparticle random phase approximation. The physical content of the model is determined by the quasiparticle time blocking approximation (QTBA) which enables one to include contributions of the two-quasiparticle and the two-phonon configurations, while excluding (blocking) more complicated intermediate states. In addition, the QTBA ensures consistent treatment of ground state correlations in the Fermi systems with pairing. The model is based on the generalized Green function formalism (GGFF) in which the normal and the anomalous Green functions are treated in a unified way in terms of the components of generalized Green functions in a doubled space. Modification of the GGFF is considered in the case when the many-body nuclear Hamiltonian contains two-, three-, and other many-particle effective forces.
description: LaTeX, 30 pages
Hypersensitivity reactions with an overview on anaphylaxis
Creators: name: Varshil Mehta
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Hypersensitivity Reaction: A state of altered reactivity in which the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response to a foreign agent. These reactions may be damaging, uncomfortable, or occasionally fatal. Coombs and Gell classified hypersensitivity into 4 types.

Anaphylaxis: Ana (without), phylaxis (protection). Acute multi-systemic allergic reaction involving the skin, airway, vascular system, and GI. Anaphylaxis is defined as a serious allergic or hypersensitivity reaction (type 1) that is rapid in onset and may cause death.
A Comparative Assessment of the Broiler:Corn Ratio and Its Impact on Broiler Processors' Profitability
Creators: name: Hamm, Sandra J.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Hamm, Sandra J.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Input prices for broiler production, particularly corn, are becoming increasingly volatile due to increasing competition for corn from ethanol and biofuels production suggesting volatility in poultry profits will follow indicator of profits relating feed input prices and broiler meat output prices, such as a Broiler:corn ratios. Total chicken exports, total chicken ready-to-cook production, number of eggs set, number of chicks placed, and cold storage chicken inventory are used to estimate. Utilizing a distributed lag model, seventeen years of data for three Broiler:corn ratios, broiler exports, egg set, chick placements, cold storage stocks, and ready-to-cook broiler production were utilized to estimate stock share price for four major broiler producers.
Neuronal chronometry of emotional attention: early interactive effects of brightness and emotion
Creators: name: Schettino, Antonio
name: Keil, Andreas
name: Porcu, Emanuele
name: Müller, Matthias
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: The rapid extraction of affective cues from the visual environment is crucial for flexible behavior. Numerous event-related potential (ERP) studies have reported emotion-related amplitude changes of two components originating in extrastriate visual areas, i.e., N1 and EPN. However, it is unclear how uncontrolled low-level visual properties of the stimuli may differentially affect these components and influence affective judgments. In the present ERP study, participants viewed original and bright versions of neutral and erotic IAPS pictures. Bright neutral scenes were rated as more pleasant compared to their original counterpart, corroborating previous observations that luminance variations of neutral pictures influence their affective evaluations (i.e., brightness bias). Erotic scenes, on the other hand, were judged more positively when presented in their original version, in line with the assumption that people typically prefer high-contrast objects over low-contrast ones. Classical and mass univariate ERP analysis converged to show larger N1 amplitude for original compared to bright erotic pictures, with no differences for original and bright neutral scenes. Importantly, the EPN was only modulated by picture content and not by brightness, substantiating the idea that this component is a selective electrophysiological marker of attention allocation towards emotional material. Complementary topographic analysis revealed the early selective expression of a centro-parietal positivity following the presentation of original erotic scenes only, reflecting the recruitment of neural networks associated with sustained attention and facilitated memory encoding for motivationally relevant material. These findings suggest that neural networks subtending the extraction of emotional information are differentially recruited depending on low-level perceptual features, which in turn influence affective evaluations.
Elicitation of verb paradigms
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Kelly, Christine
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-150417-03 and VP-150417-04: verb paradigm elicitation (file VP-150417-03 aborted due to outside noise - lawn mowing).
ANALIZING WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IMPACTS USING A MULTINOMIAL LOGIT LAND USE MODEL
Creators: name: Fezzi, Carlo
name: Bateman, Ian J.
name: Day, Brett H.
name: Posen, Paulette
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Fezzi, Carlo
name: Bateman, Ian J.
name: Day, Brett H.
name: Posen, Paulette
name: Rigby, Dan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water Framework Directive
subject: Land use models
subject: Discrete choice models
subject: Multinomial logit

description: We develop a two-stage, multinomial logit model of UK land use to investigate the impact of policy changes upon agriculture. The model utilizes a large panel database covering the entirety of England and Wales for 14 years between 1969 and 2004 integrated with the economic and physical environment determinants of all major agricultural land use types. Our model performs well in out-of-sample prediction of current land use and we use it to assess a proposed implementation of the Water Framework Directive via a tax on fertilizer. Results indicate that such policy change would generate substantial switching from arable to grassland systems, reducing significantly the amount of nitrate leaching into UK water-bodies.
Hexagonal spiral growth in the absence of a substrate
Creators: name: Adams, Laura L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on the formation of spiraling hexagons (350 - 1000 nm in width) from a solution of nanoparticles are presented. Transmission electron microscopy images of the reaction products of chemically synthesized cadmium nanocrystals indicate that the birth of the hexagons proceeds without assistance from static screw or edge dislocatons, that is, they spiral without constraints provided by an underlying substrate. Instead, the apparent growth mechanism relies on what we believe is a dynamical dislocation identified as a dense aggregate of small nanocrystals that straddles the spiraling hexagon at the crystal surface. This nanocrystal bundle, which we term the "feeder", also appears to release nanocrystals into the spiral during the growth process.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Permanent ventilation via tracheostomy: a one-way street?
Creators: name: Davies, Michael
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: A presentation showing the outcomes of patients with neuromuscular disorders, including MND, who are transferred to our unit for weaning following prolonged invasive ventilation. Data presented from all patients transferred 1992 – 2012 – hospital outcomes, discharge home rates and long-term survival.

We show that it is possible to wean patients with MND to nocturnal NIV, even after prolonged invasive ventilation. This enables discharge home. Outcomes for these patients were similar to those who had started NIV electively.
Continuous demixing transition of binary liquids: finite-size scaling from the analysis of sub-systems
Creators: name: Pathania, Yogyata
name: Chakraborty, Dipanjan
name: Höfling, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A binary liquid near its consolute point exhibits critical fluctuations of the local composition; the diverging correlation length has always challenged simulations. The method of choice for the calculation of critical points in the phase diagram is a scaling analysis of finite-size corrections, based on a sequence of widely different system sizes. Here, we discuss an alternative using cubic sub-systems of one large simulation as facilitated by modern, massively parallel hardware. We exemplify the method for a symmetric binary liquid at critical composition and compare different routes to the critical temperature: (1) fitting the critical divergences of the correlation length and the susceptibility encoded in the composition structure factor of the whole system, (2) testing data collapse and scaling of moments of the composition fluctuations in sub-volumes, and (3) applying the cumulant intersection criterion to the sub-systems. For the last route, two difficulties arise: sub-volumes are open systems with free boundary conditions, for which no precise estimate of the critical Binder cumulant $U_c$ is available. Second, the periodic boundaries of the simulation box interfere with the sub-volumes, which we resolve by a two-parameter finite-size scaling. The implied modification to the data analysis restores the common intersection point, and we estimate $U_c=0.201 \pm 0.001$, universal for cubic Ising-like systems with free boundaries. Confluent corrections to scaling, which arise for small sub-system sizes, are quantified at leading order and our data for the critical susceptibility are compatible with the universal correction exponent $ω\approx 0.83$.
description: add discussion and data on confluent corrections to scaling
Impact assessment of trade liberalisation between EU and Mercosur countries
Creators: name: Weissleder, Lucie M.
name: Adenauer, Marcel
name: Heckelei, Thomas
name: Weissleder, Lucie M.
name: Adenauer, Marcel
name: Heckelei, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade liberalisation
subject: Mercosur
subject: CAPRI
subject: Armington.

description: Ongoing bilateral trade negotiations between the Mercosur group and the EU since 2000 on agricultural products served as incitement to analyse the impacts of possible outcomes. The objective of this paper is to quantitatively assess impacts of bilateral liberalisation scenarios on EU25 and Mercosur markets as well as their bilateral trade flows. For this purpose, the CAPRI model, which has already been applied to several multi- and bilateral trade liberalisation scenarios in the past, has been adopted in several ways. (1) Trading blocks in CAPRI have been expanded so that the Mercosur countries are now represented with country specific behavioural functions and explicit trade flows. (2) The parameters of these behavioural functions have been calibrated using recently estimated supply and demand elasticities (CAP, E. ET AL., 2006) as prior information in a constrained Bayesian framework (HECKELEI, T. ET AL., 2005). (3) Two different baselines scenarios varying in the assumed production potential of the Mercosur countries were defined with experts from these countries. This approach reflects that developments in Mercosur countries are very dynamic with lots of uncertainties. It also provides analysis of results dependent on baselines which is an innovation in CAPRI (technically and qualitatively). In this paper three selected scenarios are analysed. The first scenario reflects an unilateral partial liberalisation between the EU25 and the Mercosur countries by allocating additional Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQs) to the Mercosur countries for certain products based on an official EU proposal (USDA, 2005). The second scenario combines the partial unilateral liberalisation with the multilateral WTO G20 proposal. Sensitive products are defined according to JEAN, S. et al. (2006). The third comprises a bilateral full liberalisation between the EU25 and the Mercosur countries by allowing quota and duty free access in both directions for all agricultural products. The results focus on welfare effects and the market balances of seven key commodities (wheat, maize, rice, soybeans, bovine meat, chicken and pork). Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis on the elasticities of substitution between foreign and domestic produced goods that drive demand of trade flows is provided and shows that the choice of those elasticities is very crucial with respect to model results.
Twisted sheaves and the period-index problem
Creators: name: Lieblich, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D22, 14G05, 14G15

description: We use twisted sheaves and their moduli spaces to study the Brauer group of a scheme. In particular, we (1) show how twisted methods can be efficiently used to re-prove the basic facts about the Brauer group and cohomological Brauer group (including Gabber's theorem that they coincide for a separated union of two affine schemes), (2) give a new proof of de Jong's period-index theorem for surfaces over algebraically closed fields, and (3) prove an analogous result for surfaces over finite fields. We also include a reduction of all period-index problems for Brauer groups of function fields over algebraically closed fields to characteristic 0, which (among other things) extends de Jong's result to include classes of period divisible by the characteristic of the base field. Finally, we use the theory developed here to give counterexamples to a standard type of local-to-global conjecture for geometrically rational varieties over the function field of the projective plane.
description: 31 pages. Major changes to section 4.2.3; the "question" is now answered in the negative, with resulting applications to local-to-global problems. To appear in Compositio Mathematica
The First Scientific Results from the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: Yamamoto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The southern site of the Pierre Auger Observatory is under the construction near Malargue in Argentina and now more than 60% of the detectors are completed. The observatory has been collecting data for over 1 year and the cumulative exposure is already similar to that of the largest forerunner experiments. The hybrid technique provides model-independent energy measurements from the Fluorescence Detector to calibrate the Surface Detector. Based on this technique, the first estimation of the energy spectrum above 3 EeV has been presented and is discussed in this paper.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of the PANIC 2005 conference