cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of A systematic review of chiropractic care for fall prevention: rationale, state of the evidence, and recommendations for future research
Creators: name: Grabowska, Weronika
name: Burton, Wren
name: Kowalski, Matthew H.
name: Vining, Robert
name: Long, Cynthia R.
name: Lisi, Anthony
name: Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
name: Manor, Brad
name: Muñoz-Vergara, Dennis
name: Wayne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Heparan sulfate promotes TRAIL-induced tumor cell apoptosis
Creators: name: Dutcher, Robert
name: Wang, Zhangjie
name: Ong, Chih Yean
name: Xu, Ding
name: Liu, Jian
name: Pedersen, Lars C
name: Xu, Yongmei
name: Luo, Yin
name: Hao, Huanmeng
Publisher: name: eLife
Year: 2024

description: TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a potent inducer of tumor cell apoptosis through TRAIL receptors. While it has been previously pursued as a potential anti-tumor therapy, the enthusiasm subsided due to unsuccessful clinical trials and the fact that many tumors are resistant to TRAIL. In this report, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) as an important regulator of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. TRAIL binds HS with high affinity (KD = 73 nM) and HS induces TRAIL to form higher-order oligomers. The HS-binding site of TRAIL is located at the N-terminus of soluble TRAIL, which includes three basic residues. Binding to cell surface HS plays an essential role in promoting the apoptotic activity of TRAIL in both breast cancer and myeloma cells, and this promoting effect can be blocked by heparin, which is commonly administered to cancer patients. We also quantified HS content in several lines of myeloma cells and found that the cell line showing the most resistance to TRAIL has the least expression of HS, which suggests that HS expression in tumor cells could play a role in regulating sensitivity towards TRAIL. We also discovered that death receptor 5 (DR5), TRAIL, and HS can form a ternary complex and that cell surface HS plays an active role in promoting TRAIL-induced cellular internalization of DR5. Combined, our study suggests that TRAIL-HS interactions could play multiple roles in regulating the apoptotic potency of TRAIL and might be an important point of consideration when designing future TRAIL-based anti-tumor therapy.
Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) from reef ecosystems on the central coast of Alagoas, Brazil, with a new record to South Atlantic Ocean
Creators: name: MIRANDA, Anderson L.S.
name: SOVIERZOSKI, Hilda H.
name: CORREIA, Monica D.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Knowledge of the Holothuroidea in Brazil, particularly on the coral reefs from the Brazilian northeast coast, is still sparse. The present paper describes the distribution and ecological aspects of the species of Holothuroidea in the shallow reef ecosystems of Alagoas State. This study was carried out on nine reef ecosystems located on the central coast of Alagoas. Samples were collected in intertidal zones and shallow water to 20 m depth. In total, 16 species of holothuroids were reported, with 7 new records to northeastern Brazilian coast, most of them found on the undersurface of rocks in protected reef areas. Epitomapta roseola is a new record for South Atlantic Ocean. On coral and sandstone reefs from the Alagoas coast, Holothuria grisea and Trachythyone crassipeda were the most abundant species.
(3949) Daisy Alfreda Hart
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Aspects of the reproductive biology of peacock wrasse Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) (Labridae) off the coast of North-Eastern Algeria
Creators: name: BOUGHAMOU, Naima
name: DERBAL, Farid
name: KARA, M. Hichem
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: The aim of this work was to study some aspects of the reproduction of Symphodus tinca in the North-Eastern of Algeria in order to improve current knowledge of this species for its sustainable exploitation in the area. In this context, fecundity is studied for the first time. A total of 572 individuals were sampled between January and December 2011. Some biological characteristics of the species were examined: sex-ratio, spawning season, gonad maturation, size-at-maturity, fecundity and ovarian histology. Analysis of the sex ratio showed that females were more abundant throughout the year (M/F = 0.74:1). Spawning took place from March to June, peaking in April. There was no histological evidence of sex change, suggesting the peacock wrasse may be a gonochoric species. Total length at first maturity was similar between the sexes, at 13.05 cm for females and 13.87 cm for males. The mean diameter of oocytes in advanced vitellogenesis is 227 ± 69 µm (90-437 µm; number of oocytes = 1000). Absolute fecundity (Fa) ranged from 2935 to 34996 eggs with a mean of 11423 ± 6618 eggs. The relationships between absolute fecundity and total length, eviscerated weight and gonad weight are respectively: Fa = 4.99TL2.66, Fa = 112.3EW1.05, Fa = 2914.3GW0.82. The number of eggs.g-1 of female eviscerated weight ranged from 73 to 284 eggs.g-1, with a mean value of 149 ± 50 eggs.g-1. Histological criteria allow the determination of five easily identified maturity stages.
Low Temperature and Chemical Rescue Affect Molecular Proximity of F508-Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) and Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC)
Creators: name: Parpura, Vladimir
name: Berdiev, Bakhrom K.
name: Qadri, Yawar J.
name: Cormet-Boyaka, Estelle
name: Fuller, Cathy M.
name: Lee, William
name: Rooj, Arun K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: An imbalance of chloride and sodium ion transport in several epithelia is a feature of cystic fibrosis (CF), an inherited disease that is a consequence of mutations in the cftr gene. The cftr gene codes for a Cl(-) channel, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Some mutations in this gene cause the balance between Cl(-) secretion and Na(+) absorption to be disturbed in the airways; Cl(-) secretion is impaired, whereas Na(+) absorption is elevated. Enhanced Na(+) absorption through the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is attributed to the failure of mutated CFTR to restrict ENaC-mediated Na(+) transport. The mechanism of this regulation is controversial. Recently, we have found evidence for a close association of wild type (WT) CFTR and WT ENaC, further underscoring the role of ENaC along with CFTR in the pathophysiology of CF airway disease. In this study, we have examined the association of ENaC subunits with mutated ΔF508-CFTR, the most common mutation in CF. Deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 (ΔF508) prevents proper processing and targeting of CFTR to the plasma membrane. When ΔF508-CFTR and ENaC subunits were co-expressed in HEK293T cells, we found that individual ENaC subunits could be co-immunoprecipitated with ΔF508-CFTR, much like WT CFTR. However, when we evaluated the ΔF508-CFTR and ENaC association using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), FRET efficiencies were not significantly different from negative controls, suggesting that ΔF508-CFTR and ENaC are not in close proximity to each other under basal conditions. However, with partial correction of ΔF508-CFTR misprocessing by low temperature and chemical rescue, leading to surface expression as assessed by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, we observed a positive FRET signal. Our findings suggest that the ΔF508 mutation alters the close association of CFTR and ENaC.
(3950) Lily Stark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Gulf of Gabes (Central Mediterranean Sea): a nursery area for sharks and batoids (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii)
Creators: name: ENAJJAR, Samira
name: SAIDI, Béchir
name: BRADAI, Mohamed Nejemeddine
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Elasmobranch nurseries are habitats where females give birth to their youngs. Nursery areas offer the young a better source of food and protection against predation; overall, they are located in coastal, shallow, protected and highly productive waters. Investigation conducted through 2004 to 2008 in the Gulf of Gabes (southern Tunisia, central Mediterranean Sea), showed that at least four elasmobranch species use coastal water of the area as nursery. Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827), Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus, 1758), Rhinobatos rhinobatos (Linnaeus, 1758) and Rhinobatos cemiculus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) use the area as a year- round primary and secondary nursery, with juveniles remaining in it up to the size at maturity. Adults Carcharhinus plumbeus occurred in the area only during the parturition period as a result of seasonal migration; while adults of others species persist in the area, a behavioural pattern possibly explain by their small maximum size.
Variational Contact Symmetries of Constraint Lagrangians
Creators: name: Terzis, Petros A.
name: Dimakis, N.
name: Christodoulakis, T.
name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Tsamparlis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 0420FY, 0425G, 0420JB, 023H0, 0230HQ

description: The investigation of contact symmetries of re--parametrization invariant Lagrangians of finite degrees of freedom and quadratic in the velocities is presented. The main concern of the paper is those symmetry generators which depend linearly in the velocities. A natural extension of the symmetry generator along the lapse function $N(t)$, with the appropriate extension of the dependence in $\dot{N}(t)$ of the gauge function, is assumed; this action yields new results. The central finding is that the integrals of motion are either linear or quadratic in velocities and are generated, respectively by the conformal Killing vector fields and the conformal Killing tensors of the configuration space metric deduced from the kinetic part of the Lagrangian (with appropriate conformal factors). The freedom of re--parametrization allows one to appropriately scale $N(t)$, so that the potential becomes constant; in this case the integrals of motion can be constructed from the Killing fields and Killing tensors of the scaled metric. A rather interesting result is the non--necessity of the gauge function in Noether's theorem due to the presence of the Hamiltonian constraint
description: LaTex2e source file, 20 pages, no figures
Lysyl Hydroxylase 3-mediated Glucosylation in Type I Collagen: MOLECULAR LOCI AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Creators: name: Sricholpech, Marnisa
name: Yokoyama, Megumi
name: Nagaoka, Hideaki
name: Yamauchi, Mitsuo
name: Tomer, Kenneth B.
name: Terajima, Masahiko
name: Perdivara, Irina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Recently, by employing the short hairpin RNA technology, we have generated MC3T3-E1 (MC)-derived clones stably suppressing lysyl hydroxylase 3 (LH3) (short hairpin (Sh) clones) and demonstrated the LH3 function as glucosyltransferase in type I collagen (Sricholpech, M., Perdivara, I., Nagaoka, H., Yokoyama, M., Tomer, K. B., and Yamauchi, M. (2011) Lysyl hydroxylase 3 glucosylates galactosylhydroxylysine residues in type I collagen in osteoblast culture. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 8846–8856). To further elucidate the biological significance of this modification, we characterized and compared type I collagen phenotypes produced by Sh clones and two control groups, MC and those transfected with empty vector. Mass spectrometric analysis identified five glycosylation sites in type I collagen (i.e. α1,2-87, α1,2-174, and α2-219. Of these, the predominant glycosylation site was α1-87, one of the major helical cross-linking sites. In Sh collagen, the abundance of glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine was significantly decreased at all of the five sites with a concomitant increase in galactosylhydroxylysine at four of these sites. The collagen cross-links were significantly diminished in Sh clones, and, for the major cross-link, dihydroxylysinonorleucine (DHLNL), glucosylgalactosyl-DHLNL was diminished with a concomitant increase in galactosyl-DHLNL. When subjected to in vitro incubation, in Sh clones, the rate of decrease in DHLNL was lower, whereas the rate of increase in its maturational cross-link, pyridinoline, was comparable with controls. Furthermore, in Sh clones, the mean diameters of collagen fibrils were significantly larger, and the onset of mineralized nodule formation was delayed when compared with those of controls. These results indicate that the LH3-mediated glucosylation occurs at the specific molecular loci in the type I collagen molecule and plays critical roles in controlling collagen cross-linking, fibrillogenesis, and mineralization.
Additional file 2 of A systematic review of chiropractic care for fall prevention: rationale, state of the evidence, and recommendations for future research
Creators: name: Grabowska, Weronika
name: Burton, Wren
name: Kowalski, Matthew H.
name: Vining, Robert
name: Long, Cynthia R.
name: Lisi, Anthony
name: Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
name: Manor, Brad
name: Muñoz-Vergara, Dennis
name: Wayne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Characterization and expression of a Bathymodiolus sp. metallothionein gene
Creators: name: DENIS, Françoise
name: VACHOUX, Christelle
name: GAUVRY, Laurent
name: SALIN, Christophe
name: HARDIVILLIER, Yann
name: COSSON, Richard
name: LAULIER, Marc
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2002

Abstract
Mouse Betaine-Homocysteine S -Methyltransferase Deficiency Reduces Body Fat via Increasing Energy Expenditure and Impairing Lipid Synthesis and Enhancing Glucose Oxidation in White Adipose Tissue
Creators: name: Zeisel, Steven H.
name: Ellis, Jessica M.
name: Coleman, Rosalind A.
name: Teng, Ya Wen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) catalyzes the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine. In our initial report, we observed a reduced body weight in Bhmt−/− mice. We initiated this study to investigate the potential role of BHMT in energy metabolism. Compared with the controls (Bhmt+/+), Bhmt−/− mice had less fat mass, smaller adipocytes, and better glucose and insulin sensitivities. Compared with the controls, Bhmt−/− mice had increased energy expenditure, with no changes in food intake, fat uptake or absorption, or in locomotor activity. The reduced adiposity in Bhmt−/− mice was not due to hyperthermogenesis. Bhmt−/− mice failed to maintain a normal body temperature upon cold exposure because of limited fuel supplies. In vivo and ex vivo tests showed that Bhmt−/− mice had normal lipolytic function. The rate of 14C-labeled fatty acid incorporated into [14C]triacylglycerol was the same in Bhmt+/+ and Bhmt−/− gonadal fat depots (GWAT), but it was 62% lower in Bhmt−/− inguinal fat depots (IWAT) compared with that of Bhmt+/+ mice. The rate of 14C-labeled fatty acid oxidation was the same in both GWAT and IWAT from Bhmt+/+ and Bhmt−/− mice. At basal level, Bhmt−/− GWAT had the same [14C]glucose oxidation as did the controls. When stimulated with insulin, Bhmt−/− GWAT oxidized 2.4-fold more glucose than did the controls. Compared with the controls, the rate of [14C]glucose oxidation was 2.4- and 1.8-fold higher, respectively, in Bhmt−/− IWAT without or with insulin stimulus. Our results show for the first time a role for BHMT in energy homeostasis.
(3945) Georgina Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multifunction Protein Staphylococcal Nuclease Domain Containing 1 (SND1) Promotes Tumor Angiogenesis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Novel Pathway That Involves Nuclear Factor κB and miR-221
Creators: name: Robertson, Chadia
name: Baldwin Jr., Albert S.
name: Chen, Dong
name: Gredler, Rachel
name: Das, Swadesh K.
name: Srivastava, Jyoti
name: Fisher, Paul B.
name: Santhekadur, Prasanna Kumar
name: Sarkar, Devanand
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1) is a multifunctional protein that is overexpressed in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Stable overexpression of SND1 in Hep3B cells expressing a low level of SND1 augments, whereas stable knockdown of SND1 in QGY-7703 cells expressing a high level of SND1 inhibits establishment of xenografts in nude mice, indicating that SND1 promotes an aggressive tumorigenic phenotype. In this study we analyzed the role of SND1 in regulating tumor angiogenesis, a hallmark of cancer. Conditioned medium from Hep3B-SND1 cells stably overexpressing SND1 augmented, whereas that from QGY-SND1si cells stably overexpressing SND1 siRNA significantly inhibited angiogenesis, as analyzed by a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and a human umbilical vein endothelial cell differentiation assay. We unraveled a linear pathway in which SND1-induced activation of NF-κB resulted in induction of miR-221 and subsequent induction of angiogenic factors Angiogenin and CXCL16. Inhibition of either of these components resulted in significant inhibition of SND1-induced angiogenesis, thus highlighting the importance of this molecular cascade in regulating SND1 function. Because SND1 regulates NF-κB and miR-221, two important determinants of HCC controlling the aggressive phenotype, SND1 inhibition might be an effective strategy to counteract this fatal malady.
(3946) Winnifred Melville Stark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Promotes Cholesterol Ester Accumulation in Macrophages through Inhibition of Macroautophagy
Creators: name: Ward, Adam
name: Mei, Shuang
name: He, Ka
name: Liu, Zhenqi
name: Guo, Huailan
name: Yang, Xuefeng
name: Cao, Wenhong
name: Gu, Haihua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: p38 MAPK has been strongly implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, but its role in cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages and formation of foam cells, an early step in the development of atherosclerosis, has not been investigated. We addressed this issue and made some brand new observations. First, elevated intracellular cholesterol level induced by the exposure to LDL-activated p38 MAPK and activation of p38 MAPK with anisomycin increased the ratio of cholesterol esters over free cholesterol, whereas inhibition of p38 MAPK with SB203580 or siRNA reduced the LDL loading-induced intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol and cholesterol esters in macrophages. Second, exposure to LDL cholesterol inhibited autophagy in macrophages, and inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine increased intracellular accumulation of cholesterol (free cholesterol and cholesterol esters), whereas activation of autophagy with rapamycin decreased intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol and cholesterol esters induced by the exposure to LDL cholesterol. Third, LDL cholesterol loading-induced inhibition of autophagy was prevented by blockade of p38 MAPK with SB203580 or siRNA. Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase was co-localized with autophagosomes. Finally, LDL cholesterol loading and p38 activation suppressed expression of the key autophagy gene, ulk1, in macrophages. Together, our results provide brand new insight about cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages and foam cell formation.
Maximum recorded life span of Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758 in the marine protected area Telaščica, Adriatic Sea
Creators: name: PULJAS, Sanja
name: PEHARDA, Melita
name: ZUPAN, Ivan
name: BUKSA, Filip
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: The growth and longevity of commercially important arcid Arca noae collected from the marine protected area Telaščica Bay, Croatia was studied using shell-sectioning techniques. Ten large specimens with shell length ranging from 85.2 to 120.3 mm were collected by SCUBA. In laboratory, shells were embedded in epoxy resin, cut along height axis and acetate peels of shell sections were prepared. The longevity ranged from 17 to maximally 25 years. The distances from the umbo and each annual growth line was measured and growth coefficients were estimated using the Gulland-Holt method (H∞ = 38.3 mm and k = 0.12 year-1) as well as by fitting height-at-age data to a von Bertalanffy growth (VBG) equation (H∞ = 36.8 mm, k = 0.15 year-1 and t0 = -0.05). Results obtained for growth rates of A. noae are similar to results of previous studies conducted at other locations in the Adriatic Sea. The longevity of those populations ranged from 13 to maximally 16 years. Record length of over 120 mm and longevity of 25 years obtained in this study indicate lower fishing pressure on the older arcs in the marine protected area.
A condition for a perfect-fluid space-time to be a generalized Robertson-Walker space-time
Creators: name: Mantica, Carlo Alberto
name: Molinari, Luca Guido
name: De, Uday Chand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83F20, 53C30, 53C50

description: A perfect-fluid space-time of dimension n>3 with 1) irrotational velocity vector field, 2) null divergence of the Weyl tensor, is a generalised Robertson-Walker space-time with Einstein fiber. Condition 1) is verified whenever pressure and energy density are related by an equation of state. The contraction of the Weyl tensor with the velocity vector field is zero. Conversely, a generalized Robertson-Walker space-time with null divergence of the Weyl tensor is a perfect-fluid space-time.
description: 7 pages. Misprint corrected in Sect III
Explicit inclusion of electronic correlation effects in molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Julien, Jean-Pierre
name: Kress, Joel D.
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design a quantum molecular dynamics method for strongly correlated electron metals. The strong electronic correlation effects are treated within a real-space version of the Gutzwiller variational approximation (GA), which is suitable for the inhomogeneity inherent in the process of quantum molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. We also propose an efficient algorithm based on the second-moment approximation to the electronic density of states for the search of the optimal variation parameters, from which the effective renormalized interatomic MD potentials are fully determined. By considering a minimal one-correlated-orbital Anderson many-particle model based on tight-binding hopping integrals, this fast GA-MD method is benchmarked with that using exact diagonalization to solve the GA variational parameters. In the infinite damping limit, the efficiency and accuracy are illustrated. This novel method will open up an unprecedented opportunity enabling large-scale quantum MD simulations of strongly correlated electronic materials.
description: 9 pages,3 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Biological characteristics of the Lessepsian pufferfish Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) off Lebanon
Creators: name: BOUSTANY, Layal
name: EL INDARY, Shadi
name: NADER, Manal
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Lagocephalus sceleratus is a Lessepsian species that was first recorded in the Mediterranean Sea in 2003. It has rapidly invaded the Eastern basin of the Mediterranean and has established thriving populations exerting pressure on the surrounding habitat and causing serious damage to the fisheries sector. In this study, L. sceleratus specimens were bought directly from fishermen over a period of 19 months, from January 2011 until July 2012. The result of the sex ratio shows that there is a significant difference between males and females, with females predominating over males (p < 0.05). Furthermore, L. sceleratus has been demonstrated to spawn between May and August off the Lebanese coast with a length at first maturity recorded at 40 cm. It mainly feeds on fish, but its diet is made of a wide range of other organisms, with food intensity recorded to be lowest in March and highest in April and May.
Geologic predictors of drinking water well contamination in North Carolina
Creators: name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Vinson, David S.
name: George, Andrew
name: Osborne, Jason A.
name: Duckworth, Owen W.
name: Gray, Kathleen M.
name: Bradley, Phillip J.
name: Eaves, Lauren A.
name: Alvarado, Taylor R.
name: Austin, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: More than 200 million people worldwide, including 11 million in the US, are estimated to consume water containing arsenic (As) concentrations that exceed World Health Organization and US EPA standards. In most cases, the As found in drinking water wells results from interactions between groundwater and geologic materials (geogenic contamination). To that end, we used the NCWELL database, which contains chemical information for 117,960 private drinking wells across North Carolina, to determine the spatial distribution of wells containing As contaminated water within geologic units. Specific geologic units had large percentages (up to 1 in 3) of wells with water exceeding the EPA As maximum contaminant level (MCL, 10 μg/L), both revealing significant variation within areas that have been previously associated with As contamination and identifying as yet unidentified problematic geologic units. For the 19 geologic units that have >5% of wells that contain water with As concentrations in exceedance of 10 μg/L, 12 (63%) are lithogenically related to the Albemarle arc, remnants of an ancient volcanic island, indicating the importance of volcanogenic materials, as well as recycled (eroded and deposited) and metamorphosed volcanogenic material. Within geologic units, wells that have As concentrations exceeding 10 μg/L tended to have pH values greater than wells with As concentrations less than 10 μg/L, emphasizing the importance of the extent of interaction between groundwater and geologic materials. Using census information with the geologic-based exceedance percentages revealed the importance of regional geology on estimates of population at risk compared to estimates based on county boundaries. Results illustrate that relating As contamination to geologic units not only helps explain sources of geogenic contamination but sharpens the identification of communities at risk for exposure and further illuminates problematic areas through geologic interpretation.
Phenomenological neutron star equations of state: 3-window modeling of QCD matter
Creators: name: Kojo, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the 3-window modeling of cold, dense QCD matter equations of state at density relevant to neutron star properties. At low baryon density, n_B < ~ 2n_s (n_s: nuclear saturation density), we utilize purely hadronic equations of state that are constrained by empirical observations at density n_B ~ n_s and neutron star radii. At high density, n_B > ~ 5n_s, we use the percolated quark matter equations of state which must be very stiff to pass the two-solar mass constraints. The intermediate domain at 2 < n_B/n_s < 5 is described as neither purely hadronic nor percolated quark matter, and the equations of state are inferred by interpolating hadronic and percolated quark matter equations of state. Possible forms of the interpolation are severely restricted by the condition on the (square of) speed of sound, 0 < c_s^2 < 1. The characteristics of the 3-window equation of state are compared with those of conventional hybrid and self-bound quark matters. Using a schematic quark model for the percolated domain, it is argued that the two-solar mass constraint requires the model parameters to be as large as their vacuum values, indicating that the gluon dynamics remains strongly non-perturbative to n_B ~ 10n_s. The hyperon puzzle is also briefly discussed in light of quark descriptions.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures, prepared for the 2015 EPJA Topical Issue on "Exotic Matter in Neutron Stars"; v2 published version, discussions are extended
Galois points for a plane curve and its dual curve, II
Creators: name: Fukasawa, Satoru
name: Miura, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H50, 14H05, 12F10

description: Let $C \subset \mathbb{P}^2$ be a plane curve of degree at least three. A point $P$ in projective plane is said to be Galois if the function field extension induced by the projection $π_P: C \dashrightarrow \mathbb P^1$ from $P$ is Galois. Further we say that a Galois point is extendable if any birational transformation induced by the Galois group can be extended to a linear transformation of the projective plane. This article is the second part of [2], where we showed that the Galois group at an extendable Galois point $P$ has a natural action on the dual curve $C^* \subset \mathbb{P}^{2*}$ which preserves the fibers of the projection $π_{\overline{P}}$ from a certain point $\overline{P} \in \mathbb{P}^{2*}$. In this article we improve such a result, and we investigate the Galois group of $π_{\overline{P}}$. In particular, we study both when $\overline{P}$ is a Galois point, and when ${\rm deg} \ (π_P)$ is prime and ${\rm deg} \ (π_{\overline{P}}) = 2{\rm deg} \ (π_P)$. As an application, we determine the number of points at which the Galois groups are certain fixed groups for the dual curve of a cubic curve.
description: 15 pages
Additional file 10 of Optimal experimental designs for estimating genetic and non-genetic effects underlying infectious disease transmission
Creators: name: Pooley, Christopher
name: Marion, Glenn
name: Bishop, Stephen
name: Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10: Fig. S4. Further details for the “mixed” design. Description: Provides analytical expressions for the standard deviations in the SNP effect parameters ag, af and ar and dominance parameters Δg, Δf and Δr for the “mixed” design.
Pathogen Sensing by Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing Protein 2 (NOD2) Is Mediated by Direct Binding to Muramyl Dipeptide and ATP
Creators: name: Boyle, Joseph P.
name: Howard, Christopher B.
name: Davis, Beckley K.
name: Mo, Jinyao
name: Monie, Tom P.
name: Duncan, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background: Nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) is a protein involved in the recognition of bacterial pathogens through detection of muramyl dipeptide.Results: Purified recombinant NOD2 was found to bind ATP and muramyl dipeptide.Conclusion: NOD2 is an intracellular signaling receptor for muramyl dipeptide.Significance: These results help to define the molecular events involved in NOD2 signaling.Nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2/Card15) is an intracellular protein that is involved in the recognition of bacterial cell wall-derived muramyl dipeptide. Mutations in the gene encoding NOD2 are associated with inherited inflammatory disorders, including Crohn disease and Blau syndrome. NOD2 is a member of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing protein gene (NLR) family. Nucleotide binding is thought to play a critical role in signaling by NLR family members. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying signal transduction by these proteins remain largely unknown. Mutations in the nucleotide-binding domain of NOD2 have been shown to alter its signal transduction properties in response to muramyl dipeptide in cellular assays. Using purified recombinant protein, we now demonstrate that NOD2 binds and hydrolyzes ATP. Additionally, we have found that the purified recombinant protein is able to bind directly to muramyl dipeptide and can associate with known NOD2-interacting proteins in vitro. Binding of NOD2 to muramyl dipeptide and homo-oligomerization of NOD2 are enhanced by ATP binding, suggesting a model of the molecular mechanism for signal transduction that involves binding of nucleotide followed by binding of muramyl dipeptide and oligomerization of NOD2 into a signaling complex. These findings set the stage for further studies into the molecular mechanisms that underlie detection of muramyl dipeptide and assembly of NOD2-containing signaling complexes.
Magnetic properties and complex magnetic phase diagram in non centrosymmetric EuRhGe$_3$ and EuIrGe$_3$ single crystals
Creators: name: Maurya, Arvind
name: Bonville, P.
name: Kulkarni, R.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Dhar, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the magnetic properties of two Eu based compounds, single crystalline EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$, inferred from magnetisation, electrical transport, heat capacity and $^{151}$Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy. These previously known compounds crystallise in the non-centrosymmetric, tetragonal, $I4mm$, BaNiSn$_3$-type structure. Single crystals of EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$ were grown using high temperature solution growth method using In as flux. EuIrGe$_3$ exhibits two magnetic orderings at $T_{\rm N1}$ = 12.4 K, and $T_{\rm N2}$ = 7.3 K. On the other hand EuRhGe$_3$ presents a single magnetic transition with a $T_{\rm N}$ = 12 K. $^{151}$Eu Mössbauer spectra present evidence for a cascade of transitions from paramagnetic to incommensurate amplitude modulated followed by an equal moment antiferromagnetic phase at lower temperatures in EuIrGe$_3$, the transitions having a substantial first order character. On the other hand the $^{151}$Eu Mössbauer spectra at 4.2 and 9 K in EuRhGe$_3$ present evidence of a single magnetic transition. In both compounds a superzone gap is observed for the current density $J\parallel$ [001], which enhances with transverse magnetic field. The magnetisation measured up to 14 T shows the occurrence of field induced transitions, which are well documented in the magnetotransport data as well. The magnetic phase diagram constructed from these data is complex, revealing the presence of many phases in the $H-T$ phase space.
title: Fire and the compartmentation of buildings
Creators: name: McGuire, J. H.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Sprinklers
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0462
subject: Gicleurs
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0462
subject: Performance of:
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0480
subject: Tenue
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0480
subject: fire compartments
subject: compartiment coupe feu
subject: fire escapes
subject: escalier de secours
subject: sprinkler systems
subject: réseaux d'extincteurs
subject: fire doors
subject: porte coupe feu

description: No building is free from the threat of fire. A designer, however, can ensure that only limited damage will result if fire breaks out by reducing the over-all fire risk. There are various means at his disposal, but the single design feature that will contribute most to this reduction of risk is his use of fire-resistant construction to separate a building into fire-resistant compartments.
Phosphorylation by Protein Kinase Cα Regulates RalB Small GTPase Protein Activation, Subcellular Localization, and Effector Utilization
Creators: name: Mitin, Natalia
name: Cox, Adrienne D.
name: Martin, Timothy D.
name: Yeh, Jen Jen
name: Der, Channing J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases are regulated downstream of Ras and the noncanonical Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RalGEF) effector pathway. Despite RalA and RalB sharing 82% sequence identity and utilization of shared effector proteins, their roles in normal and neoplastic cell growth have been shown to be highly distinct. Here, we determined that RalB function is regulated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) phosphorylation. We found that RalB phosphorylation on Ser-198 in the C-terminal membrane targeting sequence resulted in enhanced RalB endomembrane accumulation and decreased RalB association with its effector, the exocyst component Sec5. Additionally, RalB phosphorylation regulated vesicular trafficking and membrane fusion by regulating v- and t-SNARE interactions. RalB phosphorylation regulated vesicular traffic of α5-integrin to the cell surface and cell attachment to fibronectin. In summary, our data suggest that phosphorylation by PKCα is critical for RalB-mediated vesicle trafficking and exocytosis.
Additional file 11 of Optimal experimental designs for estimating genetic and non-genetic effects underlying infectious disease transmission
Creators: name: Pooley, Christopher
name: Marion, Glenn
name: Bishop, Stephen
name: Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11: Impact of realistic model/data scenarios on design. Description: Considering the optimal designs in Fig. 2, this additional file investigates the impact of separately introducing five additional sources of variation into the model/data (which, for the purposes of analysis, were ignored). Fig. S5. Impact of sources of model/data variation on optimal design for infectivity. Fig. S6. Impact of sources of model/data variation on optimal design for susceptibility. Fig. S7. Impact of sources of model/data variation on optimal design for recoverability. Fig. S8. Impact of residual contributions.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Mediates Inflammasome Repression in Polymicrobial Cultures through a Novel Mechanism Involving Reduced Endocytosis
Creators: name: Wen, Haitao
name: Callaway, Justin B.
name: Huang, Max Tze Han
name: Holley-Guthrie, Elizabeth
name: Eitas, Tim K.
name: Swanson, Karen V.
name: Taxman, Debra J.
name: Duncan, Joseph A.
name: Broglie, Peter M.
name: Ting, Jenny P.Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The interleukin (IL)-1β-processing inflammasome has recently been identified as a target for pathogenic evasion of the inflammatory response by a number of bacteria and viruses. We postulated that the periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis may suppress the inflammasome as a mechanism for its low immunogenicity and pathogenic synergy with other, more highly immunogenic periodontal bacteria. Our results show that P. gingivalis lacks signaling capability for the activation of the inflammasome in mouse macrophages. Furthermore, P. gingivalis can suppress inflammasome activation by another periodontal bacterium, Fusobacterium nucleatum. This repression affects IL-1β processing, as well as other inflammasome-mediated processes, including IL-18 processing and cell death, in both human and mouse macrophages. F. nucleatum activates IL-1β processing through the Nlrp3 inflammasome; however, P. gingivalis repression is not mediated through reduced levels of inflammasome components. P. gingivalis can repress Nlrp3 inflammasome activation by Escherichia coli, and by danger-associated molecular patterns and pattern-associated molecular patterns that mediate activation through endocytosis. However, P. gingivalis does not suppress Nlrp3 inflammasome activation by ATP or nigericin. This suggests that P. gingivalis may preferentially suppress endocytic pathways toward inflammasome activation. To directly test whether P. gingivalis infection affects endocytosis, we assessed the uptake of fluorescent particles in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis. Our results show that P. gingivalis limits both the number of cells taking up beads and the number of beads taken up for bead-positive cells. These results provide a novel mechanism of pathogen-mediated inflammasome inhibition through the suppression of endocytosis.
Potent Anticoagulant Aptamer Directed against Factor IXa Blocks Macromolecular Substrate Interaction
Creators: name: Monroe, Dougald M.
name: Sullenger, Bruce
name: Woodruff, Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: An aptamer targeting factor IXa has been evaluated in animal models and several clinical studies as a potential antithombotic therapy. We elucidate the molecular mechanism by which this aptamer acts as an anticoagulant. The aptamer binds tightly to factor IXa and prolongs the clotting time of human plasma. The aptamer completely blocks factor IXa activation of factor X regardless of the presence of factor VIIIa. However, the aptamer does not completely block small synthetic substrate cleavage, although it does slow the rate of cleavage. These data are consistent with the aptamer binding to the catalytic domain of factor IXa in such a way as to block an extended substrate-binding site. Therefore, unlike small molecule inhibitors, aptamers appear to be able to bind surfaces surrounding an active site and thereby sterically interfere with enzyme activity. Thus, aptamers may be useful agents to probe and block substrate-binding sites outside of the active site of an enzyme.
Scaling of city attractiveness for foreign visitors through big data of human economical and social media activity
Creators: name: Sobolevsky, Stanislav
name: Bojic, Iva
name: Belyi, Alexander
name: Sitko, Izabela
name: Hawelka, Bartosz
name: Arias, Juan Murillo
name: Ratti, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 91D30

description: Scientific studies investigating laws and regularities of human behavior are nowadays increasingly relying on the wealth of widely available digital information produced by human social activity. In this paper we leverage big data created by three different aspects of human activity (i.e., bank card transactions, geotagged photographs and tweets) in Spain for quantifying city attractiveness for the foreign visitors. An important finding of this papers is a strong superlinear scaling of city attractiveness with its population size. The observed scaling exponent stays nearly the same for different ways of defining cities and for different data sources, emphasizing the robustness of our finding. Temporal variation of the scaling exponent is also considered in order to reveal seasonal patterns in the attractiveness
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Quantum state estimation using weak measurements
Creators: name: Das, Debmalya
name: Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of using "weak measurements" without "weak value" for quantum state estimation. Since for weak measurements the disturbance caused during each measurement is small, we can rescue the state, unlike for the case of projective measurements. We use this property of weak measurements and design schemes for quantum state estimation for qubits and for Gaussian states. We show, via numerical simulations, that under certain circumstances, our method can outperform the estimation by projective measurements both for qubits and for Gaussian states. It turns out that ensemble size plays an important role and the scheme based on recycling works better for small ensembles.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes. Conference proceedings. Presented at DMQM2014(Bangalore Oct. 22-24, 2014). This article draws from arXiv:1402.0447