cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Balancing economic revenue and grazing pressure of livestock grazing on the Qinghai–Tibetan–Plateau
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Bruemmer, Bernhard
name: Huang, Wei
name: Bruemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: directional distance function
subject: Morishima elasticity of substitution
subject: shadow price
subject: technical eﬃciency

description: Treating grazing pressure as an undesirable output of livestock grazing in a directional distance function improves understanding of how economic behaviour aﬀects the environment. Field survey data from 193 livestock grazing households combined with remotely sensed net primary productivity (NPP) data on the Qinghai–Tibetan–Plateau was used to develop a directional output-orientation distance function. The average eﬃciency of livestock grazing households is 0.817 when incorporating grazing pressure as an undesirable output, which means that households can achieve 18.3% more output and decrease proportional grazing pressure holding all inputs ﬁxed. The relative shadow price of undesirable grazing pressure to good output grazing revenue is estimated to be between 1.795 and 3.986. According to the Morishima elasticity of substitution between inputs, there is a signiﬁcant complementary relationship between grassland, labour and capital.
How well do conservation auctions perform in achieving landscape-level outcomes? A comparison of auction formats and bid selection criteria
Creators: name: Iftekhar, Sayed
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
name: Iftekhar, Sayed
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: conservation auction
subject: discriminatory-price auction
subject: environmental service payments
subject: group bidding
subject: landscape auction
subject: uniform-price auction

description: This paper studies the performance of auction design features regarding pricing mechanisms and bid selection criteria for securing wildlife zones across diﬀerent holdings. We compare two pricing mechanisms: a discriminatory-price auction and a uniform-price ascending auction, and four bid selection criteria on the basis of: total bid, bid-per-value ratio, bid-per-area ratio and a mixed criterion where bids are formed on the basis of cost but they are selected based on the bid-per-value ratio. We develop a best-response group-bidding model for a discriminatory-price auction where bidders form optimal group bids for individual wildlife zones. In the uniform-price ascending auction, individual landholders respond to prices, which are successively raised by the auctioneer and whenever all the landholders from a single zone agree to participate (i.e. the ﬁrst zone is formed), the auction stops. Based on numerical simulations using a bio-economic model of malleefowl conservation, we observe that the discriminatory-price auction is more cost-eﬀective than the uniform-price ascending auction. However, the budgetary cost-eﬀectiveness of a discriminatory-price auction is sensitive to bidder uncertainty about the number of competing bidder groups and the highest cost of establishing a wildlife zone among these groups. In terms of bid selection, the mixed bid selection criterion performs best. We discuss the policy implications of these ﬁndings.
Long-term prevalence of NIRF-labeled magnetic nanoparticles for the diagnostic and intraoperative imaging of inflammation
Creators: name: Domey, Jenny
name: Bergemann, Christian
name: Bremer-Streck, Sibylle
name: Krumbein, Ines
name: Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
name: Teichgräber, Ulf
name: Hilger, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Inflammation is a very common disease worldwide. In severe cases, surgery is often the method of choice. Today, there is a general need for the implementation of image-based guidance methodologies for reliable target resection. We investigated new near infrared fluorescence (NIRF)-nanoparticles (NPs) as a simple but effective bimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical contrast agent for diagnosis and intraoperative imaging of inflammation. Physicochemical analysis revealed that these NPs were highly fluorescent with similar characteristics like unlabeled NPs (hydrodynamic diameter about 130 nm and zeta potential about −10 mV). NP-uptake and NIR-dye labeling was biocompatible to macrophages (no impact on cellular ATP and reactive oxygen species production). These cells could successfully be tracked with MRI and NIRF-optical imaging. I.v. injection of fluorescent NPs into mice led to highly specific T2-weighted signal of edema due to uptake by phagocytic cells and subsequent migration to the site of inflammation. NIRF signals of the edema region were well detectable for up to 4 weeks, underlining the potential of the NPs for systematic planning and flexible time scheduling in intraoperative applications. NPs were degraded over a time period of 12 weeks, which was not altered due to inflammation. Redistribution of iron might be primarily due to inflammation and not to the presence of NPs per se in a concentration suitable for imaging. Our findings highlight the potential of the NPs to be used as a suitable tool for pre- and intraoperative imaging of inflammation.
Classical Surrogates for Quantum Learning Models
Creators: name: Schreiber, Franz J.
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Meyer, Johannes Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: Quantum circuits
subject: Quantum software
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The advent of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers has put the search for possible applications to the forefront of quantum information science. One area where hopes for an advantage through near-term quantum computers are high is quantum machine learning, where variational quantum learning models based on parametrized quantum circuits are discussed. In this work, we introduce the concept of a classical surrogate, a classical model which can be efficiently obtained from a trained quantum learning model and reproduces its input-output relations. As inference can be performed classically, the existence of a classical surrogate greatly enhances the applicability of a quantum learning strategy. However, the classical surrogate also challenges possible advantages of quantum schemes. As it is possible to directly optimize the Ansatz of the classical surrogate, they create a natural benchmark the quantum model has to outperform. We show that large classes of well-analyzed reuploading models have a classical surrogate. We conducted numerical experiments and found that these quantum models show no advantage in performance or trainability in the problems we analyze. This leaves only generalization capability as a possible point of quantum advantage and emphasizes the dire need for a better understanding of inductive biases of quantum learning models.
Structural disorder: a tool for housekeeping proteins performing tissue-specific interactions
Creators: name: Sanghita Banerjee
name: Rajat K. De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An interaction between a pair of proteins unique for a particular tissue is denoted as a tissue-specific interaction (TSI). Tissue-specific (TS) proteins always perform TSIs with a limited number of interacting partners. However, it has been claimed that housekeeping (HK) proteins frequently take part in TSIs. This is actually an unusual phenomenon. How a single HK protein mediates TSIs – remains an interesting yet an unsolved question. We have hypothesized that HK proteins have attained a high degree of structural flexibility to modulate TSIs efficiently. We have observed that HK proteins are selected to be intrinsically disordered compared to TS proteins. Therefore, the purposeful adaptation of structural disorder brings out special advantages for HK proteins compared to TS proteins. We have demonstrated that TSIs may play vital roles in shaping the molecular adaptation of disordered regions within HK proteins. We also have noticed that HK proteins, mediating a huge number of TSIs, have a greater portion of their interacting interfaces overlapped with the adjacent disordered segment. Moreover, these HK proteins, mediating TSIs, preferably adapt single domain (SD). We have concluded that HK proteins adapt a high degree of structural flexibility to mediate TSIs. Besides, having a SD along with structural flexibility is more economic than maintaining multiple domains with a rigid structure. This assists them in attaining various structural conformations upon binding to their partners, thereby designing an economically optimum molecular system.
Optimal design of perturbations for individual two-compartment pharmacokinetic analysis
Creators: name: Shotwell, Matthew S.
name: Minchun Zhou
name: Fissell, William H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We consider the optimal design of pharmacokinetic studies in patients that receive intermittent hemodialysis and intravenous antibiotic. Hemodialysis perturbs the pharmacokinetic system, providing additional opportunity for study. Designs that allocate measurements to occur exclusively during hemodialysis are shown to be viable alternatives to conventional designs, where all measurements occur outside of hemodialysis. Furthermore, hybrid designs with both conventional and intradialytic measurements have nearly double the efficiency of conventional designs. Convex optimal design and Monte Carlo techniques were used to simultaneously optimize hemodialysis event characteristics and sampling times, accounting for population pharmacokinetic heterogeneity. We also present several related methodological innovations.
Long-term prevalence of NIRF-labeled magnetic nanoparticles for the diagnostic and intraoperative imaging of inflammation
Creators: name: Domey, Jenny
name: Bergemann, Christian
name: Bremer-Streck, Sibylle
name: Krumbein, Ines
name: Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
name: Teichgräber, Ulf
name: Hilger, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Inflammation is a very common disease worldwide. In severe cases, surgery is often the method of choice. Today, there is a general need for the implementation of image-based guidance methodologies for reliable target resection. We investigated new near infrared fluorescence (NIRF)-nanoparticles (NPs) as a simple but effective bimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical contrast agent for diagnosis and intraoperative imaging of inflammation. Physicochemical analysis revealed that these NPs were highly fluorescent with similar characteristics like unlabeled NPs (hydrodynamic diameter about 130 nm and zeta potential about −10 mV). NP-uptake and NIR-dye labeling was biocompatible to macrophages (no impact on cellular ATP and reactive oxygen species production). These cells could successfully be tracked with MRI and NIRF-optical imaging. I.v. injection of fluorescent NPs into mice led to highly specific T2-weighted signal of edema due to uptake by phagocytic cells and subsequent migration to the site of inflammation. NIRF signals of the edema region were well detectable for up to 4 weeks, underlining the potential of the NPs for systematic planning and flexible time scheduling in intraoperative applications. NPs were degraded over a time period of 12 weeks, which was not altered due to inflammation. Redistribution of iron might be primarily due to inflammation and not to the presence of NPs per se in a concentration suitable for imaging. Our findings highlight the potential of the NPs to be used as a suitable tool for pre- and intraoperative imaging of inflammation.
Synthesis and properties of ZnS nanoparticles by solvothermal and pyrolysis routes using the Zn dithiocarbamate complex as novel single source precursor
Creators: name: Hrubaru, Madalina
name: Onwudiwe, Damian C.
name: Hosten, Eric
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry
Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Medicine
Physics
Engineering
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: ABSTRACTIn this work, the synthesis and characterization of ZnS nanoparticles prepared via two approaches, involving the thermal decomposition of the precursor complex in a furnace (pyrolysis) and by solvothermal process in the presence of hexadecylamine (HDA-ZnS), are reported. The precursor complex, Zinc (II) bis (N,N-diallyl dithiocarbamate), was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray techniques. The spectroscopic analyses of the complex indicated a symmetrical bidentate coordination of the dithio ligand through the S-atoms. The single-crystal X-ray structure revealed a distorted square pyramidal coordinate geometry with S atoms around the Zn ion. The optical properties and the morphology of the as-prepared nanoparticles were studied by UV-Vis and photoluminescense spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. HDA-ZnS are spherical and monodispersed with an average size of 4.5 nm, as estimated from the optical absorption spectrum and the TEM image. The ZnS nanoparticles obtained via pyrolysis in a furnace yielded the hexagonal wurtzite phase, whereas the HDA-ZnS nanoparticles showed a mixture of wurtzite and cubic phase with the cubic phase being dominant.
Hyperaccurate thermoelectric currents
Creators: name: Timpanaro, André M.
name: Guarnieri, Giacomo
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nonequilibrium fluctuations
subject: Quantum thermodynamics
subject: Thermoelectrics
subject: Transport phenomena
subject: Landauer formula
subject: S-matrix method in transport
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Thermodynamic currents, such as energy, heat, and entropy production, can fluctuate significantly at the nanoscale. However, some fluctuate less than others. Hyperaccurate currents are defined as those which fluctuate the least, in the sense that they maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (precision). In this Letter we analytically determine what are the hyperaccurate currents in quantum thermoelectrics, modeled by coherent transport in the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. Our results yield a tight and general bound on precision, which replace the classical thermodynamic uncertainty relations, that can be violated in quantum thermoelectrics. They also allow us to address the question of how close to hyperaccurate is a given current. We illustrate our findings for smooth boxcar functions, and for a double quantum dot operating as a thermal machine. In the latter, we use our results to establish the parameter ranges for which the output power of an autonomous engine can become hyperaccurate arbitrarily far from equilibrium.
Correcting non-independent and non-identically distributed errors with surface codes
Creators: name: Tiurev, Konstantin
name: Derks, Peter-Jan H. S.
name: Roffe, Joschka
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Reiner, Jan-Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: quantum error correcting
subject: single-qubit noise
subject: quantum computing
subject: topological surface codes
subject: Clifford conjugations
subject: two-qubit noise
subject: surface-code error correction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: A common approach to studying the performance of quantum error correcting codes is to assume independent and identically distributed single-qubit errors. However, the available experimental data shows that realistic errors in modern multi-qubit devices are typically neither independent nor identical across qubits. In this work, we develop and investigate the properties of topological surface codes adapted to a known noise structure by Clifford conjugations. We show that the surface code locally tailored to non-uniform single-qubit noise in conjunction with a scalable matching decoder yields an increase in error thresholds and exponential suppression of sub-threshold failure rates when compared to the standard surface code. Furthermore, we study the behaviour of the tailored surface code under local two-qubit noise and show the role that code degeneracy plays in correcting such noise. The proposed methods do not require additional overhead in terms of the number of qubits or gates and use a standard matching decoder, hence come at no extra cost compared to the standard surface-code error correction.
Tensor network study of the spin - 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the shuriken lattice
Creators: name: Schmoll, Philipp
name: Kshetrimayum, Augustine
name: Naumann, Jan L.
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Iqbal, Yasir
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Exotic phases of matter
subject: Frustrated magnetism
subject: Two-dimensional systems
subject: Paramagnets
subject: Quantum many-body systems
subject: Quantum spin models
subject: Strongly correlated systems
subject: Heisenberg model
subject: Projected entangled pair states
subject: Spin lattice models
subject: Tensor network methods
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We investigate the ground state of the spin S=12 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the shuriken lattice, also in the presence of an external magnetic field. To this end, we employ two-dimensional tensor network techniques based on infinite projected entangled pair and simplex states considering states with different sizes of the unit cells. We show that a valence bond crystal with resonances over length six loops emerges as the ground state (at any given finite bond dimension) yielding the lowest reported estimate of the ground state energy E0/J=−0.4410±0.0001 for this model, estimated in the thermodynamic limit. We also study the model in the presence of an external magnetic field and find the emergence of 0, 13, and 23 magnetization plateaus. The 13 and 23 plateau states respect translation and point group symmetries and feature loop-four plaquette resonances.
Personalized medicine approach for optimizing the dose of tafamidis to potentially ameliorate wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (cardiomyopathy)
Creators: name: Kelly, Jeffery W.
name: Younhee Cho
name: Baranczak, Aleksandra
name: Helmke, Stephen
name: Teruya, Sergio
name: Horn, Evelyn M.
name: Maurer, Mathew S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Placebo-controlled clinical trials are useful for identifying the dose of a drug candidate that produces a meaningful clinical response in a patient population. Currently, Pfizer, Inc. is enrolling a 400-person clinical trial to test the efficacy of 20 or 80 mg of tafamidis to ameliorate transthyretin (TTR)-associated cardiomyopathy using clinical endpoints. Herein, we provide guidance for how to optimize the dose of tafamidis for each WT TTR cardiomyopathy patient using its mechanism of action as the key readout, i.e. we identify the dose of tafamidis that maximally kinetically stabilizes TTR in the blood. Tetramer dissociation is rate limiting for TTR aggregation, which appears to drive the pathology of the TTR amyloidoses. Hence, we measure the TTR tetramer dissociation rate (kinetic stability) in the patient's plasma as a function of tafamidis dose to optimize the dose employed to maximize kinetic stability. Historical data tell us that a subset of patients exhibiting higher tafamidis plasma concentrations are maximally kinetically stabilized at the 20-mg tafamidis dose, whereas the patient studied herein required a 60 mg once daily dose to achieve maximum kinetic stabilization. We anticipate that establishing the dose of tafamidis that achieves maximal TTR kinetic stabilization will translate into a maximal clinical effect, but that remains to be demonstrated.
Risk assessment of supply chain for pharmaceutical excipients with AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
Creators: name: Maozhong Li
name: Yunai Du
name: Qiyue Wang
name: Chunmeng Sun
name: Ling, Xiang
name: Boyang Yu
name: Jiasheng Tu
name: Yerong Xiong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: As the essential components in formulations, pharmaceutical excipients directly affect the safety, efficacy, and stability of drugs. Recently, safety incidents of pharmaceutical excipients posing seriously threats to the patients highlight the necessity of controlling the potential risks. Hence, it is indispensable for the industry to establish an effective risk assessment system of supply chain. In this study, an AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematical theory, which quantitatively assessed the risks of supply chain. Taking polysorbate 80 as the example for model analysis, it was concluded that polysorbate 80 for injection use is a high-risk ingredient in the supply chain compared to that for oral use to achieve safety application in clinic, thus measures should be taken to control and minimize those risks.
Risk assessment of supply chain for pharmaceutical excipients with AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
Creators: name: Maozhong Li
name: Yunai Du
name: Qiyue Wang
name: Chunmeng Sun
name: Ling, Xiang
name: Boyang Yu
name: Jiasheng Tu
name: Yerong Xiong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: As the essential components in formulations, pharmaceutical excipients directly affect the safety, efficacy, and stability of drugs. Recently, safety incidents of pharmaceutical excipients posing seriously threats to the patients highlight the necessity of controlling the potential risks. Hence, it is indispensable for the industry to establish an effective risk assessment system of supply chain. In this study, an AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematical theory, which quantitatively assessed the risks of supply chain. Taking polysorbate 80 as the example for model analysis, it was concluded that polysorbate 80 for injection use is a high-risk ingredient in the supply chain compared to that for oral use to achieve safety application in clinic, thus measures should be taken to control and minimize those risks.
Topological Fracton Quantum Phase Transitions by Tuning Exact Tensor Network States
Creators: name: Zhu, Guo-Yi
name: Chen, Ji-Yao
name: Ye, Peng
name: Trebst, Simon
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Gauge theories
subject: Geometric & topological phases
subject: Quantum phase transitions
subject: Topological order
subject: Topological phases of matter
subject: Topological materials
subject: Duality
subject: Projected entangled pair states
subject: Tensor network methods
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Gapped fracton phases of matter generalize the concept of topological order and broaden our fundamental understanding of entanglement in quantum many-body systems. However, their analytical or numerical description beyond exactly solvable models remains a formidable challenge. Here we employ an exact 3D quantum tensor-network approach that allows us to study a ZN generalization of the prototypical X cube fracton model and its quantum phase transitions between distinct topological states via fully tractable wave function deformations. We map the (deformed) quantum states exactly to a combination of a classical lattice gauge theory and a plaquette clock model, and employ numerical techniques to calculate various entanglement order parameters. For the ZN model we find a family of (weakly) first-order fracton confinement transitions that in the limit of N→∞ converge to a continuous phase transition beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm. We also discover a line of 3D conformal quantum critical points (with critical magnetic flux loop fluctuations) which, in the N→∞ limit, appears to coexist with a gapless deconfined fracton state.
Fourier and Beyond: Invariance Properties of a Family of Integral Transforms
Creators: name: Williams, Cameron L.
name: Bodmann, Bernhard G.
name: Kouri, Donald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Fourier transform is typically seen as closely related to the additive group of real numbers, its characters and its Haar measure. In this paper, we propose an alternative viewpoint; the Fourier transform can be uniquely characterized by an intertwining relation with dilations and by having a Gaussian as an eigenfunction. This broadens the perspective to an entire family of Fourier-like transforms that are uniquely identified by the same dilation property and having Gaussian-like functions as eigenfunctions. We show that these transforms share many properties with the Fourier transform, particularly unitarity, periodicity and eigenvalues. We also establish short-time analogues of these transforms and show a reconstruction property and an orthogonality relation for the short-time transforms.
description: 14 pages
Capoeta razii Jouladeh-Roudbar, Eagderi, Ghanavi & Doadrio 2017
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Capoeta
Capoeta razii

description: 129. Capoeta razii Jouladeh-Roudbar, Eagderi, Ghanavi & Doadrio, 2017
Common name. Caspian scraper
Taxonomy. Original description: Capoeta razii Jouladeh-Roudbar, Eagderi, Ghanavi & Doadrio 2017: 144, figs. 4-7 [Kheyroud River, Caspian Sea basin, Chalus city, Mazandaran Province, Iran, 36°36'35"N, 51°33'45"E; holotype: IMNRF-UT 1072-9].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2017: 144, fig. 4).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Caspian Sea, Dasht-e Kavir.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 434-Kura-South Caspian Drainages, 450-Turan Plain, 448-Kavir & Lut Deserts.
Status in Iran. [Endemic].—Siyah mahi-e Caspian.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: IMNRF.
Conservation. —IUCN: NE.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Some Uniform Estimates and Large-Time Behavior for One-Dimensional Compressible Navier-Stokes System in Unbounded Domains with Large Data
Creators: name: Li, Jing
name: Liang, Zhilei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with the large-time behavior of solutions to the initial and initial boundary value problems with large initial data for the compressible Navier-Stokes system describing the one-dimensional motion of a viscous heat-conducting perfect polytropic gas in unbounded domains. The temperature is proved to be bounded from below and above independently of both time and space. Moreover, the global solution is showed to be asymptotically stable as time tends to infinity. Note that the initial data can be arbitrarily large. This result is proved by using elementary energy methods.
Microwave-Assisted, Multicomponent, Ecofriendly Synthesis of 3-Bihetaryl-2-oxindole Derivatives Grafted with Phenothiazine Moiety
Creators: name: A. S. Al-Bogami
name: A. S. El-Ahl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biochemistry

description: A series of 3-(3′-pyrrolyl)-2-oxindoles incorporating the phenothiazine moiety has been synthesized under both conventional and microwave heating conditions via multicomponent reaction of 3-(2-(phenothiazin-2-yl)-2-oxoethylidene)-2-oxindole derivatives, acyclic and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and ammonium acetate. The resulting 2-oxindole derivatives underwent selective chloroacetylation at both the oxindole and the phenothiazine NH groups. Treatment of the dichloroacetylated compound with 2 mol of sodium azide in acetone under reflux gave the corresponding monoazide with concomitant dechloroacetylation of the N-chloroacetyl group of the oxindole ring. Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the resulted alkyl azide with diethyl acetylene–dicarboxylate afforded the corresponding triazole derivative in good yield. Furthermore, the dichloroacetylated compound could be easily cyclized into 4-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroxazolo[3,2-a]indol-9-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate derivative by treatment with sodium hydride in dry toluene. The yields and rate of reactions significantly improved under microwave heating conditions.
Scale invariance of the eta-deformed AdS5 x S5 superstring, T-duality and modified type II equations
Creators: name: Arutyunov, G.
name: Frolov, S.
name: Hoare, B.
name: Roiban, R.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ABF background underlying the eta-deformed AdS5 x S5 sigma model. This background fails to satisfy the standard IIB supergravity equations which indicates that the corresponding sigma model is not Weyl invariant, i.e. does not define a critical string theory in the usual sense. We argue that the ABF background should still correspond to UV finite theory on a flat 2d world-sheet, implying that the eta-deformed model is scale invariant. This property follows from the formal relation via T-duality between the eta-deformed model and the one defined by an exact type IIB supergravity solution that has 6 isometries albeit broken by a linear dilaton. We find that the ABF background satisfies candidate type IIB scale invariance conditions which for the R-R field strengths are of the second order in derivatives. Surprisingly, we also find that the this background obeys an interesting modification of the standard IIB supergravity equations that are first order in derivatives of R-R fields. These modified equations explicitly depend on Killing vectors of the ABF background and, although not universal, imply the universal scale invariance conditions. Moreover, we show that it is precisely the non-isometric dilaton of the T-dual solution that leads, after the T-duality, to a modification of type II equations from their standard form. We conjecture that the modified equations should follow from kappa-symmetry of the eta-deformed model. All our observations apply also to eta-deformations of AdS3 x S3 and AdS2 x S2 models.
description: 41 pages; v2: comments added; v3: new footnote 34 on notation
Capoeta raghazensis Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet 2021
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Capoeta
Capoeta raghazensis

description: 128. Capoeta raghazensis Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet, 2021
Common name. Raghaz scaper
Taxonomy. Original description: Capoeta raghazensis Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet, 2021: 38, figs. 1[sic 2]-3 [Canyon near Darab City, Hormuz basin, Hormuzgan province, Iran, 28°49'32"N, 54°18'02"E; holotype: IMNRF-UT 1105-4].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet (2021: 38, fig. 1).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Hormuz.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 451-Northern Hormuz Drainages.
Status in Iran. [Endemic].—Siyah mahi-e Raghaz.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: IMNRF.
Conservation. —IUCN: NE.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Cambios de estéticas en la televisión
Creators: name: Suing, Abel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: televisión
comunicación
estéticas
audiovisual
digital
ciudadanos
forma

description: Publicación en la sección de opinión del diario digital hora 32 https://hora32.com.ec/ que se edita en Loja (Ecuador)
Jamming in a lattice model of stochastically interacting agents with a field of view
Creators: name: Menon, Shakti N.
name: Bagarti, Trilochan
name: Chakraborty, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective dynamics of a lattice model of stochastically interacting agents with a weighted field of vision. We assume that agents preferentially interact with neighbours, depending on their relative location, through velocity alignments and the additional constraint of exclusion. Unlike in previous models of flocking, here the stochasticity arises intrinsically from the interactions between agents, and its strength is dependent on the local density of agents. We find that this system yields a first-order jamming transition as a consequence of these interactions, even at a very low density. Furthermore, the critical jamming density is found to strongly depend on the nature of the field of view.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + 3 pages supplementary material
Interacting lattice systems with quantum dissipation: a quantum Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Yan, Zheng
name: Pollet, L.
name: Lou, Jie
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Chen, Yan
name: Cai, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dissipation arises when a large system can be split in a quantum system and an environment where the energy of the former flows to. Understanding the effect of dissipation on quantum many-body systems is of particular importance due to its potential relations with quantum information processing. We propose a conceptually simple approach to introduce the dissipation into interacting quantum systems in a thermodynamical context, in which every site of a 1d lattice is coupled off-diagonally to its own bath. The interplay between quantum dissipation and interactions gives rise to counterintuitive interpretations such as a compressible zero-temperature state with spontaneous discrete symmetry breaking and a thermal phase transition in a one-dimensional dissipative quantum many-body system as revealed by Quantum Monte Carlo path integral simulations.
Polymorphisms in ATP-binding cassette transporter genes and interaction with diet and life style factors in relation to colorectal cancer in a Danish prospective case-cohort study
Creators: name: Kopp, Tine Iskov
name: Andersen, Vibeke
name: Tjonneland, Anne
name: Vogel, Ulla
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics

description: Background and aims. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family transports various molecules across the enterocytes in the gut protecting the intestine against potentially harmful substances. Moreover, ABC transporters are involved in mucosal immune defence through interaction with cytokines. The study aimed to assess whether polymorphisms in ABCB1,ABCC2 and ABCG2 were associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to investigate gene–environment (dietary factors, smoking and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and gene–gene interactions between previously studied polymorphisms in IL1B and IL10 and ABC transporter genes in relation to CRC risk. Materials and methods. We used a Danish prospective case-cohort study of 1010 CRC cases and 1829 randomly selected participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Incidence rate ratios were calculated based on Cox’ proportional hazards model. Results. None of the polymorphisms were associated with CRC, but ABCB1 and ABCG2 haplotypes were associated with risk of CRC. ABCB1/rs1045642 interacted with intake of cereals and fiber (p-Value for interaction (Pint) = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). In a three-way analysis, both ABCB1/rs1045642 and ABCG2/rs2231137 in combination with IL10/rs3024505 interacted with fiber intake in relation to risk of CRC (Pint = 0.0007 and 0.009). Conclusions. Our results suggest that the ABC transporters P-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance 1 and BRCP, in cooperation with IL-10, are involved in the biological mechanism underlying the protective effect of fiber intake in relation to CRC. These results should be replicated in other cohorts to rule out chance findings.
Drag Moderation by the Melting of an Ice Surface in Contact with Water
Creators: name: Vakarelski, Ivan U.
name: Chan, Derek
name: Thoroddsen, Sigurdur T.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401299
subject: Fluid mechanics and thermal engineering not elsewhere classified

description: We report measurements of the effects of a melting ice surface on the hydrodynamic drag of ice-shell-metal-core spheres free falling in water at a Reynolds of number Re∼2×104–3×105 and demonstrate that the melting surface induces the early onset of the drag crisis, thus reducing the hydrodynamic drag by more than 50%. Direct visualization of the flow pattern demonstrates the key role of surface melting. Our observations support the hypothesis that the drag reduction is due to the disturbance of the viscous boundary layer by the mass transfer from the melting ice surface.
Chaos via Shilnikov's saddle-node bifurcation in a theory of the electroencephalogram
Creators: name: Van Veen, Lennaert
name: Liley, David
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We study the bifurcation diagram of a mesoscopic model of the human cortex. This model is known to exhibit robust chaotic behavior in the space of parameters that model exterior forcing. We show that the bifurcation diagram has an unusual degree of organization. In particular, we show that the chaos is spawned by a codimension-one homoclinic bifurcation that was analyzed by Shilnikov in 1969 but has never before been found in a physical application.
Microwave-Assisted, Multicomponent, Ecofriendly Synthesis of 3-Bihetaryl-2-Oxindole Derivatives Grafted with Phenothiazine Moiety
Creators: name: A. S. Al-Bogami
name: A. S. El-Ahl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biochemistry

description: A series of 3-(3′-pyrrolyl)-2-oxindoles incorporating phenothiazine moiety has been synthesized under both conventional and microwave heating conditions via multicomponent reaction of 3-(2-(phenothiazin-2-yl)-2-oxoethylidene)-2-oxindole derivatives, acyclic and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium acetate. The resulted 2-oxindole derivatives underwent selective chloroacetylation at both the oxindole and the phenothiazine NH groups. Treatment of the dichloroacetylated compound with two moles of sodium azide in acetone under reflux gave the corresponding monoazide with concomitant dechloroacetylation of the N-chloroacetyl group of the oxindole ring. Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the resulted alkyl azide with diethyl acetylene- dicarboxylate afforded the corresponding triazole derivative in high yield. Furthermore, the dichloroacetylated compound could be easily cyclized into 4-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroxazolo[3,2-a]indol-9-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate derivative by treatment with sodium hydride in dry toluene. The yields and rate of reactions significantly improved under microwave heating conditions.
Star flows: a characterization via Lyapunov functions
Creators: name: Salgado, Luciana Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D30

description: In this work, it is presented a characterization of star property for a $C^1$ vector field based on Lyapunov functions. It is also obtained conditions to strong homogeneity for singular sets by using the notion of infinitesimal Lyapunov functions. As an application, we obtain some results related to singular hyperbolic sets for flows.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures. Final text published in Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1611.04072, arXiv:1201.2550
Optimal Design of Perturbations For Individual Two-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Analysis
Creators: name: Shotwell, Matthew S.
name: Minchun Zhou
name: Fissell, William H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: We consider the optimal design of pharmacokinetic studies in patients that receive intermittent hemodialysis and intravenous antibiotic. Hemodialysis perturbs the pharmacokinetic system, providing additional opportunity for study. Designs that allocate measurements to occur exclusively during hemodialysis are shown to be viable alternatives to conventional designs, where all measurements occur outside of hemodialysis. Furthermore, hybrid designs with both conventional and intradialytic measurements have nearly double the efficiency of conventional designs. Convex optimal design and Monte Carlo techniques were used to simultaneously optimize hemodialysis event characteristics and sampling times, accounting for population pharmacokinetic heterogeneity. We also present several related methodological innovations.
Capoeta saadii
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Capoeta
Capoeta saadii

description: 130. Capoeta saadii (Heckel, 1847)
Common name. Saadi scraper
Taxonomy. Original description: Scaphiodon saadii Heckel, 1847: 260 [Persepolis, Pulwar River, Kor River basin, ruins northeast of Shiraz, Iran; Syntypes: NMW 51666 (18), RMNH 3166 [ex NMW] (1).].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Zareian & Esmaeili (2017: 254, fig. 19).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Kor River, Persis, Lake Maharlu, Kerman-Na'in, Hormuz.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 442-Upper Tigris & Euphrates, 448-Kavir & Lut Deserts, 451-Northern Hormuz Drainages.
Status in Iran. [Endemic].—Siyah mahi-e Saadi.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: NMW, ZM-CBSU.
Conservation. —IUCN: LC.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Does the Local Bubble bias Galactic magnetic field models used to backtrack UHECRs?
Creators: name: Pelgrims, Vincent
name: Unger, Michael
name: Maris, Ioana Codrina
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2025

description: On their journey from their source to Earth, electrically-charged cosmic rays are deflected by magnetic fields.
While small-scale magnetized structures have no impact on the propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, they can have an impact on our reconstruction of the large-scale magnetic field obtained from synchrotron and Faraday rotation data. In this context, the Local Bubble, a cavity of hot gas surrounded by a thick magnetized dusty shell, is perhaps one of the most important foregrounds to consider as it surrounds us.
In this work, we use a new analytical model to describe the divergence-free magnetic field in the shell of Galactic bubbles to assess the impact of the geometric characterization of the Local Bubble shell on predictions of its contribution to Galactic magnetic field observables.
We show that the choice of the shape of the Local Bubble shell and the location of the explosion that has led to the formation of the bubble are important factors to consider. They are decisive in estimating the contribution of the magnetized shell of the Local Bubble to synchrotron polarized emission and Faraday rotation measures.
In addition, we find that the contribution of the Local Bubble shell to synchrotron polarized emission is likely to be substantial at high Galactic latitudes. This may point to potential biases in current modeling of the large-scale Galactic magnetic field, and hence in back-propagation studies of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. Further analysis will be required to fully ascertain the impact of this foreground.