cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining the rate of GRB visible afterglows with the CFHTLS Very Wide Survey
Creators: name: Malacrino, Frederic
name: Atteia, Jean-Luc
name: Boer, Michel
name: Klotz, Alain
name: Veillet, Christian
name: Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze images of the CFHTLS Very Wide Survey to search for visible orphan afterglows from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We have searched 490 square degrees down to magnitude r'=22.5 for visible transients similar to GRB afterglows. We translate our observations into constraints on the number of GRB visible afterglows in the sky, by measuring the detection efficiency of our search with a simulation reproducing the characteristics of our observational strategy and the properties of on-axis GRB afterglows. We have found only three potential candidates, of which two are most probably variable stars, and one presents similarities to an orphan afterglow. We constrain the number of visible afterglows to be less than 220 down to r'=22.5 in the whole sky at any time. Our observations are marginally consistent with the most optimistic model, which predicts orphan afterglows to be about 10 times more frequent than GRBs. This search has led to the detection of one possible GRB afterglow, and provides the strongest constraints on the rate of GRB visible afterglows as well as an estimation of the observing time required to detect a significant number of GRB afterglows.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by A&A Letter
Amaurosoma minutum BECKER 1894
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Amaurosoma
Amaurosoma minutum

description: Amaurosoma minutum BECKER, 1894
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Hejnice (5751), 24.v.2003, 1♂, Preisler leg. (FSPC); Hluboká (5945), 8.v.2002, 1♀, Šifner leg. (FSPC).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
An unsupervised deep learning framework via integrated optimization of representation learning and GMM-based modeling
Creators: name: Wang, Jinghua
name: Jiang, Jianmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While supervised deep learning has achieved great success in a range of applications, relatively little work has studied the discovery of knowledge from unlabeled data. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised deep learning framework to provide a potential solution for the problem that existing deep learning techniques require large labeled data sets for completing the training process. Our proposed introduces a new principle of joint learning on both deep representations and GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model)-based deep modeling, and thus an integrated objective function is proposed to facilitate the principle. In comparison with the existing work in similar areas, our objective function has two learning targets, which are created to be jointly optimized to achieve the best possible unsupervised learning and knowledge discovery from unlabeled data sets. While maximizing the first target enables the GMM to achieve the best possible modeling of the data representations and each Gaussian component corresponds to a compact cluster, maximizing the second term will enhance the separability of the Gaussian components and hence the inter-cluster distances. As a result, the compactness of clusters is significantly enhanced by reducing the intra-cluster distances, and the separability is improved by increasing the inter-cluster distances. Extensive experimental results show that the propose method can improve the clustering performance compared with benchmark methods.
Amaurosoma puberulum BECKER 1894
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Amaurosoma
Amaurosoma puberulum

description: Amaurosoma puberulum BECKER, 1894
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Kynšperk nad Ohří (5841), 20.vi.2001, 1♂, Šifner leg. (FSPC).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Tits-Satake projections of homogeneous special geometries
Creators: name: Fre', Pietro
name: Gargiulo, Floriana
name: Rosseel, Jan
name: Rulik, Ksenya
name: Trigiante, Mario
name: Van Proeyen, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We organize the homogeneous special geometries, describing as well the couplings of D=6, 5, 4 and 3 supergravities with 8 supercharges, in a small number of universality classes. This relates manifolds on which similar types of dynamical solutions can exist. The mathematical ingredient is the Tits-Satake projection of real simple Lie algebras, which we extend to all solvable Lie algebras occurring in these homogeneous special geometries. Apart from some exotic cases all the other, 'very special', homogeneous manifolds can be grouped in seven universality classes. The organization of these classes, which capture the essential features of their basic dynamics, commutes with the r- and c-map. Different members are distinguished by different choices of the paint group, a notion discovered in the context of cosmic billiard dynamics of non maximally supersymmetric supergravities. We comment on the usefulness of this organization in universality classes both in relation with cosmic billiard dynamics and with configurations of branes and orbifolds defining special geometry backgrounds.
description: 65 pages, LaTeX; v2: added reference; v3: small corrections, section 3.3 modified
Amaurosoma tibiellum
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Amaurosoma
Amaurosoma tibiellum

description: Amaurosoma tibiellum (ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Horní Pole (6757), 19.iv.2007, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC); Poland: Breslau [= Wrócław], 1♂, without data, as A. nigripes det. Schiner (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Fiscal policy, international spillovers, and endogenous productivity
Creators: name: Klein, Mathias
name: Linnemann, Ludger
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: international transmission of fiscal shocks
subject: proxy-vector autoregressions
subject: terms of trade
subject: labor productivity
subject: government spending
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620

description: The paper presents empirical evidence on the international effects of US fiscal policy from structural vector autoregressions identified through external instruments in a panel setting for the G7 countries. An exogenous increase in US government spending is estimated to produce sizeable positive responses of output and consumption in the rest of the G7 countries, both about half as large as their domestic US counterparts, while strongly depreciating the US terms of trade and lowering short-run real interest rates. Moreover, fiscal shocks are estimated to have a strongly positive impact on hourly labor productivity in the private sector. We solve a two-country New Keynesian model in closed form and show that a low cost elasticity of varying technology utilization can simultaneously explain the positive productivity, consumption and international spillover effects as well as the real depreciation resulting from expansionary US government spending shocks.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;27/2021
Gonatherus planiceps
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Gonatherus
Gonatherus planiceps

description: Gonatherus planiceps (FALLÉN, 1819)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Modrava (6946), 19.v.2002, 1♂, Šifner leg. (FSPC). Germany: Erfurt, 6.v.1841, 1♂; 10.v.1841, 1♀; 10.v.1858, 1♂; 20.ix.1859, 1♀, all Steiger leg. (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Statistics of boundary encounters by a particle diffusing outside a compact planar domain
Creators: name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particle diffusing outside a compact planar set and investigate its boundary local time $\ell_t$, i.e., the rescaled number of encounters between the particle and the boundary up to time $t$. In the case of a disk, this is also the (rescaled) number of encounters of two diffusing circular particles in the plane. For that case, we derive explicit integral representations for the probability density of the boundary local time $\ell_t$ and for the probability density of the first-crossing time of a given threshold by $\ell_t$. The latter density is shown to exhibit a very slow long-time decay due to extremely long diffusive excursions between encounters. We briefly discuss some practical consequences of this behavior for applications in chemical physics and biology.
The vagino-cervical microbiome as a woman’s life history
Creators: name: HAO, Lilan
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Environment
Environmental

description: Due to the over 90% of human sequences in female reproductive tract samples, metagenomic information has been very limited. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing studies have identified community types in the vaginal microbiota, and observed its dynamic changes due to menstrual cycles and sexual behaviors in small cohorts. Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical samples from 516 women of reproductive age (more than 10-fold of the Human Microbiome Project (HMP)), and dissect major factors, especially pregnancy and delivery histories and contraception methods on the microbiome composition. Features of other body sites, such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be deduced from the vagino-cervical microbiome. Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota in the female reproductive tract and imply disease susceptibilities that may be relieved by behavioural changes.
Spectral Analysis Network for Deep Representation Learning and Image Clustering
Creators: name: Wang, Jinghua
name: Hilton, Adrian
name: Jiang, Jianmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep representation learning is a crucial procedure in multimedia analysis and attracts increasing attention. Most of the popular techniques rely on convolutional neural network and require a large amount of labeled data in the training procedure. However, it is time consuming or even impossible to obtain the label information in some tasks due to cost limitation. Thus, it is necessary to develop unsupervised deep representation learning techniques. This paper proposes a new network structure for unsupervised deep representation learning based on spectral analysis, which is a popular technique with solid theory foundations. Compared with the existing spectral analysis methods, the proposed network structure has at least three advantages. Firstly, it can identify the local similarities among images in patch level and thus more robust against occlusion. Secondly, through multiple consecutive spectral analysis procedures, the proposed network can learn more clustering-friendly representations and is capable to reveal the deep correlations among data samples. Thirdly, it can elegantly integrate different spectral analysis procedures, so that each spectral analysis procedure can have their individual strengths in dealing with different data sample distributions. Extensive experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods on various image clustering tasks.
Orthacheta pilosa
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Orthacheta
Orthacheta pilosa

description: Orthacheta pilosa (ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Germany: Baden, without date, 1♂, No.43223, det Becker (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Phase-transient hierarchical turbulence as an energy correlation generator of blazar light curves
Creators: name: Honda, Mitsuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hierarchical turbulent structure constituting a jet is considered to reproduce energy-dependent variability in blazars, particularly, the correlation between X- and gamma-ray light curves measured in the TeV blazar Markarian 421. The scale-invariant filaments are featured by the ordered magnetic fields that involve hydromagnetic fluctuations serving as electron scatterers for diffusive shock acceleration, and the spatial size scales are identified with the local maximum electron energies, which are reflected in the synchrotron spectral energy distribution (SED) above the near-infrared/optical break. The structural transition of filaments is found to be responsible for the observed change of spectral hysteresis.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Estimation of sums of random variables: Examples and information bounds
Creators: name: Zhang, Cun-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F10, 62F12, 62G05, 62G20 (Primary) 62F15 (Secondary)

description: This paper concerns the estimation of sums of functions of observable and unobservable variables. Lower bounds for the asymptotic variance and a convolution theorem are derived in general finite- and infinite-dimensional models. An explicit relationship is established between efficient influence functions for the estimation of sums of variables and the estimation of their means. Certain ``plug-in'' estimators are proved to be asymptotically efficient in finite-dimensional models, while ``$u,v$'' estimators of Robbins are proved to be efficient in infinite-dimensional mixture models. Examples include certain species, network and data confidentiality problems.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053605000000390 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Heat transfer characteristic of plate evaporator using aluminum herringbone plate for OTEC
Creators: name: Arima, Hirofumi
name: Shigenaga, Yuta
name: Nishiguchi, Masanao
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2021

description: Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) usually uses plate-type heat exchangers (PHEs) as an evaporator, condenser, and other devices. Generally, the heat transfer plate of PHEs is made of titanium because ammonia and seawater flow in PHEs as a working fluid and heat source. However, titanium is expensive and difficult to process; therefore, the use of low-cost materials is essential. The selection of materials for the heat transfer plates of a PHE is also a key factor affecting the OTEC performance. The suitability of aluminum alloy, Cu-Ni alloy, and stainless steel as materials for OTEC heat exchangers has been explored in some studies. The focus is on aluminum among other materials, because aluminum has better thermal conductivity than titanium, and its cost is also lower than that of titanium. The authors considered aluminum as an alternative to titanium. However, aluminum has low corrosion resistance for ammonia and seawater. To improve corrosion resistance, several coating methods are employed for aluminum, such as Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) resin or WIN KOTE® film, anodic oxidation, anodized and coated composite film; long-term immersion tests are conducted on ammonia. Anodic oxidation is identified as the best coating method to improve the corrosion resistance to ammonia. Therefore, anodic oxidation is employed in the aluminum coating method. Heat exchange and boiling experiments are performed on the apparatus used with ammonia to elucidate the thermal performance of aluminum alloy treated by anodic oxidation (1050 alloy) plate on the PHEs. In addition, the heat transfer performance is compared with three types of heat transfer surface shapes. As a result of the measurement of the overall heat transfer coefficient, the best configuration in these three plates is identified, and the overall heat transfer is almost the same as that of the titanium plate. In addition, the heat transfer coefficients of ammonia on these three plates are determined, and the value depends on the mass flow rate of ammonia. It is found that the anodized aluminum plate can be used as an evaporator, through which the ammonia flowed as a working fluid.
Elicitation - switch-reference and time
Creators: name: Soria Pérez, Celia
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with Celia Soria Pérez. Topics covered include the expression of time in switch-reference constructions, attitude reports, and relative clauses.
Dynamics and Infrared Spectroscopy of the Protonated Water Dimer
Creators: name: Vendrell, Oriol
name: Gatti, Fabien
name: Meyer, Hans-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics and infrared absorption spectrum of the protonated water dimer are reported by full quantum simulation. Strong couplings between the spectroscopically active proton-transfer motion and low-frequency, large-amplitude torsional modes are clearly identified and their role in the cluster dynamics is explained. These couplings are responsible for the characteristic doublet-peak around 1000 cm-1, which was not understood and subject of debate. This spectral feature is reproduced, assigned and explained.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted version in Angewandte Chemie. The content is the same as in older versions, the style was adapted to match the requirements of Ange. Chem
MPEC 2024-A25 : 2023 YB2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 YB2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Range-relaxed criteria for choosing the Lagrange multipliers in nonstationary iterated Tikhonov method
Creators: name: Boiger, R.
name: Leitao, A.
name: Svaiter, B. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J20, 47J06

description: In this article we propose a novel nonstationary iterated Tikhonov (NIT) type method for obtaining stable approximate solutions to ill-posed operator equations modeled by linear operators acting between Hilbert spaces. Geometrical properties of the problem are used to derive a new strategy for choosing the sequence of regularization parameters (Lagrange multipliers) for the NIT iteration. Convergence analysis for this new method is provided. Numerical experiments are presented for two distinct applications: I) A 2D elliptic parameter identification problem (Inverse Potential Problem); II) An image deblurring problem. The results obtained validate the efficiency of our method compared with standard implementations of the NIT method (where a geometrical choice is typically used for the sequence of Lagrange multipliers).
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
A novel LNG cold energy compressive utilization system
Creators: name: Chen, Kang
name: Du, Yang
name: Yiping Dai
name: Tianliang Yang
name: Xiaowei Zheng
name: Wenbin Li
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2021

description: Liquefied natural gas (LNG) contains abundant cold energy, which is of high grade. Reasonable recycling can help reduce energy loss, carbon emissions and contribute to the sustainable development of mankind. Aiming at the recovery and utilization of LNG cold energy, a new type of integrated system is proposed. By reasonably coupling the power generation system and the intermediate cold energy recovery system, the efficient cascade recovery and utilization of LNG cold energy can be realized. On this basis, the thermodynamic design and analysis of the cold energy power generation system in the integrated system are carried out, and the one-dimensional thermodynamic design of the two turbines in the power generation system is carried out according to the thermodynamic design results of the whole system. The results show that: the cold energy recovery rate of the power generation system is 22.74%, while the cold energy recovery rate is 33.24%. The power of the two turbines are 3952.577 kW and 2083.361 kW, respectively, and the isentropic efficiencies are 81.86% and 82.51%, respectively. The research results have certain guiding significance for practical engineering applications
Megaphthalma pallida
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Megaphthalma
Megaphthalma pallida

description: Megaphthalma pallida (FALLÉN, 1819)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Carlsbad [= Karlovy Vary] (5742), 1.viii. [19]15, 1♂, Oldenberg leg. (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1647, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
A study of elliptic flows in a quark combination model
Creators: name: Yao, Tao
name: Xie, Qu-bing
name: Shao, Feng-lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a detail study of elliptic flows in Au-Au collisions at 200 AGeV in a quark combination model. We find that elliptic flow data for a variety of hadrons can be well reproduced except pions if constituent quarks with equal parallel transverse momenta combine into initially produced hadrons. In a combination mechanism where initial hadrons are formed by quarks with unequal parallel transverse momenta, theoretical predictions agree with data for all available hadrons including pions. The mass hierarchy at low transverse momenta in elliptic flows can be understood in the same quark combination mechanism as in the mediate range of transverse momenta.
description: In RevTex 4, 8 pages, 5 figures, references added
Space and laboratory discovery of HC3S+
Creators: name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Cabezas, C.
name: Endo, Y.
name: Marcelino, N.
name: Agundez, M.
name: Tercero, B.
name: Gallego, J. D.
name: de Vicente, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection in TMC-1 of the protonated form of C3S. The discovery of the cation HC3S+ was carried through the observation of four harmonically related lines in the Q band using the Yebes 40m radiotelescope, and is supported by accurate ab initio calculations and laboratory measurements of its rotational spectrum. We derive a column density N(HC3S+) = (2.0 +/- 0.5)e11 cm-2, which translates to an abundance ratio C3S/HC3S+ of 65 +/- 20. This ratio is comparable to the CS/HCS+ ratio (35 +/- 8) and is a factor of about ten larger than the C3O/HC3O+ ratio previously found in the same source. However, the abundance ratio HC3O+/HC3S+ is 1.0 +/- 0.5, while C3O/C3S is just 0.11. We also searched for protonated C2S in TMC-1, based on ab initio calculations of its spectroscopic parameters, and derive a 3sigma upper limit of N(HC2S+) < 9e11 cm-2 and a C2S/HC2S+ > 60. The observational results are compared with a state-of-the-art gas-phase chemical model and conclude that HC3S+ is mostly formed through several pathways: proton transfer to C3S, reaction of S+ with c-C3H2, and reaction between neutral atomic sulfur and the ion C3H3+.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
3D Spectroscopy with VLT/GIRAFFE - IV: Angular Momentum and Dynamical Support of Intermediate Redshift Galaxies
Creators: name: Puech, M.
name: Hammer, F.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Flores, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] One of the most outstanding problems related to numerical models of galaxy formation is the so-called ``angular momentum catastrophe''. We study the evolution of the angular momentum from z~0.6 to z=0 to further our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the large angular momenta of disk galaxies observed today. This study is based on a complete sample of 32, 0.4
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Heating and Acceleration of Intracluster Medium Electrons by Turbulence
Creators: name: Petrosian, Vahé
name: East, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the feasibility of bremsstrahlung radiation from `nonthermal' electrons as a source of hard X-rays from the intracluster medium of clusters of galaxies. With an exact treatment of the Coulomb collisions in a Fokker-Planck analysis of the electron distribution we find that the severe difficulties with lifetimes of `nonthermal' particles found earlier by Petrosian (2001) using a cold target model remain problematic. We then address possible acceleration of background electrons into a nonthermal tail. We assume a simplified but generic acceleration rate and determine the expected evolution of an initially Maxwellian distribution of electrons. We find that strong nonthermal components arise only for rapid rate of acceleration which also heats up the entire plasma. These results confirm the conclusion that if the observed `nonthermal' excesses are due to some process accelerating the background thermal electrons this process must be short lived.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures. Astrophysical Journal, in press
Cordilura rufipes
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Cordilura
Cordilura rufipes

description: Cordilura rufipes (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Croatia: Lissa [= Hvar Island], without data, 1♀, 1.v.1851, 1♂, all Schiner det. (NHMW). Czech Republic: Mlékojedy (5450), 15.iv.2003, 1♀, Šifner leg. (FSPC); Kynšperk nad Ohří (5840), 16.v.2014, 2♀♀, Dvořák leg. (FSPC); Vlkov (6853), 17.v.1998, 1♀, Šifner leg. (FSPC); Budislav (6755), 5.vi.2007, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC). Italy: Calabre, Camigliatello, 12.–24.v.1950, 1♂, Aubert leg. (ML), Carnica [= Carnia, province Udine], 1854, 1♀, leg.? (NHMW). Poland: Nimptsch [= Niemcze], 26.v.1908, 1♂, Duda leg.; Liegnitz [= Legnica], 24.v., 1♀, No. 5642 (ZMB). Portugal: Loriga, 19.iv.1960, 1♂, Aubert leg. (ML). Slovakia: Velké Leváre (7567), 15.vii.1983, 1♀, Šifner leg. (FSPC).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1647, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Theory of Electric Dipole Spin Resonance in a Parabolic Quantum Well
Creators: name: Efros, Al. L.
name: Rashba, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of Electric Dipole Spin Resonance (EDSR), that is caused by various mechanisms of spin-orbit coupling, is developed as applied to free electrons in a parabolic quantum well. Choosing a parabolic shape of the well has allowed us to find explicit expressions for the EDSR intensity and its dependence on the magnetic field direction in terms of the basic parameters of the Hamiltonian. By using these expressions, we have investigated and compared the effect of specific mechanisms of spin orbit (SO) coupling and different polarizations of ac electric field on the intensity of EDSR. Angular dependences of the EDSR intensity are indicative of the relative contributions of the competing mechanisms of SO coupling. Our results show that electrical manipulating electron spins in quantum wells is generally highly efficient, especially by an in-plane ac electric field.
description: 45 pages 6 figure
Cordilura pudica
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Cordilura
Cordilura pudica

description: Cordilura pudica (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Kynšperk nad Ohří (5841), 20.vi.2001, 1♀, Šifner leg. (FSPC); Loučovice (7351), 15.viii.2006, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC). Poland: Kohlfurth [= Węgliniec], v., 1♂, No. 60839; Reinercz [=Duszniky-Zdrój], 25.v., 1♂, No. 26198 (ZMB).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1647, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Market report on Organic Rankine Cycle power systems: recent developments and outlook
Creators: name: Wieland, Christoph
name: Dawo, Fabian
name: Schifflechner, Christopher
name: Astolfi, Marco
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2021
Subjects: ORC; Market report

description: The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a thermal driven power cycle operated with an organic working fluid. It is especially suitable to exploit low to medium temperature heat sources at small to medium size capacity ranges. For these conditions, it outperforms the standard Clausius Rankine Cycles. Suitable heat sources can be either renewable in nature (i.e. biomass, solar, geothermal) or waste heat (i.e. mobile, stationary). The size of these power units ranges from very few kW to several dozen MW. It is the intention of this report to present an up-to-date overview on the recent developments in the ORC industry. This publication provides insights on the number and capacity of most of the installed ORC plants worldwide as well as the current and future market expectations from ORC manufacturer’s perspective. Information from 30 manufacturers, representing a total of more than 2600 projects have been collected and analyzed providing information on trends in the past and the market evolution during the last four years in terms of installed capacity and installed plants divided by application, macro region and manufacturer. At the end of 2020, the cumulated ORC installed capacity was 4.07 GW. Since 2016, the overall ORC market increased by 40 % (+1.18 GW) in terms of installed capacity and by 46 % (+851) in terms of installed plants. Regarding the capacity increase between 2016 and 2020, the largest increase is due to geothermal application (+970 MW, +45 %), while waste heat systems have the largest growth concerning the number of installed systems (628 plants, + 207 %). For the market survey, ten established ORC manufactures contributed their current and future perspective on the ORC market. The results highlight that, despite the impact of the COVID-19 situation, the current market situation is in good shape and that the majority of the manufacturers have positive expectations concerning the short-term development of both the ORC market and number of employment. Central and Eastern Europe as well as the ASEAN region are rated as the regions with the highest growth potential. Geothermal energy and small waste heat sources are seen as the most relevant heat sources for the coming years.
RFOT theory for glassy dynamics in a single condensed polymer
Creators: name: Cho, Hyun Woo
name: Shi, Guang
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of compact structures of a single condensed polymer (SCP), with similar free energies, grows exponentially with the degree of polymerization. In analogy with structural glasses (SGs), we expect that at low temperatures chain relaxation should occur by activated transitions between the compact metastable states. By evolving the states of the SCP that is linearly coupled to a reference state, we show that, below a dynamical transition temperature ($T_d$), the SCP is trapped in a metastable state leading to slow dynamics. At a lower temperature, $T_K \ne 0$, the configurational entropy vanishes, resulting in a thermodynamic random first order ideal glass transition. The relaxation time obeys the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman law, diverging at $T=T_0 \approx T_K$. These findings, accord well with the random first order transition theory, establishing that SCP and SG exhibit similar universal characteristics.
Cordilura rufimana
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Cordilura
Cordilura rufimana

description: Cordilura rufimana (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Loučovice (7351), 15.vii.2006, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC). Russia: Kamtschatka, Malaise, without data, 1♂, No. 315, Hendel det. as C. rufimana (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Atomic Structure in Black Hole
Creators: name: Nagatani, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that any black hole has atomic structure in its inside and has no horizon as a model of black holes. Our proposal is founded on a mean field approximation of gravity. The structure of our model consists of a (charged) singularity at the center and quantum fluctuations of fields around the singularity, namely, it is quite similar to that of atoms. Any properties of black holes, e.g. entropy, can be explained by the model. The model naturally quantizes black holes. In particular, we find the minimum black hole, whose structure is similar to that of the hydrogen atom and whose Schwarzschild radius is approximately 1.1287 times the Planck length. Our approach is conceptually similar to the Bohr's model of the atomic structure, and the concept of the minimum Schwarzschild radius is similar to that of the Bohr radius. The model predicts that black holes carry baryon number, and the baryon number is rapidly violated. This baryon number violation can be used as verification of the model.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, PTPTeX.cls with graphicx macro, talk given at the international workshop "Frontiers of Quantum Physics", Kyoto, Japan, 17-19 February 2005
K-shell ionization and characteristic x-ray radiation by high-energy electrons in multifoil targets
Creators: name: Trofymenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Processes of K-shell ionization and accompanying characteristic x-ray radiation (CXR) by high-energy electrons moving through a multifoil copper target are considered. Expressions describing the main characteristics of these processes are derived. It is shown that the average K-shell ionization cross section in the target is not defined just by the target material and the electron energy, but also depends on the number of foils in the target, their thickness and separation between them. The corresponding CXR yield is therefore not unambiguously defined by the aggregated target thickness, but depends on the above parameters as well. It is demonstrated that the average K-shell ionization cross section in a multifoil target can be several times larger than the conventional cross section of this process without the density effect impact. This results in a considerable enhancement of CXR yield from the multifoil target compared to the case of electron incidence upon a single foil of the same aggregated thickness. Comparison of CXR yield in the considered case with the yields of some other types of x-ray emission in multifoil targets is made.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Cordilura umbrosa
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Cordilura
Cordilura umbrosa

description: Cordilura umbrosa (LOEW, 1873)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Hungary: Rákos, 20.viii.1880, 1♀, Kertész det., Magyarfalva, v. (without further data), 1♀ (NHMW). Poland: bei Nimptsch [= Niemcze environs], 22.vii.1916, 1♀, leg? (NHMW). Romania: Tulcea, 20.vii.1959, 2♂♂ 2♀♀, Gozmány leg. (NHMB). Turkey: Istanbul, Széraly, 31.vii.1959, 1♀, Gozmány leg. (NHMB). New species for fauna of Turkey.
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma alpestre
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma alpestre

description: Norellisoma alpestre (SCHINER, 1864)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Switzerland: St. Moritz, 30.vi.1857, 1♂, leg.? (NHMW)
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma lituratum
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma lituratum

description: Norellisoma lituratum (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Loučovice (7351), 15.vii.2006, 1♂ 1♀, Máca leg. (MMSC). Poland: Babia Góra, 1.ix.1957, 1♀, R. Trojan leg. (IZW). Romania: Pojorita, 8.vi.1976, 1♂, I. Ceianu leg. (MHNB). Slovakia: Roháče (6784), 16.viii.1984, 1♂, Šifner leg. (FSPC). Slovenia: Illyria, Görz [= Nova Gorica], 26.vi.1864, 1♂, Mik leg. (NHMW). Switzerland: Vaud-Solalex, 20.viii.1954, 1♀, Valais-Bretolet, 22.viii.1960, 1♀, all Aubert leg. (ML).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma nervosum
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma nervosum

description: Norellisoma nervosum (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Tisá (5250), 28.vi. 2002, 1♂, leg.? (FSPC); Kraslice (5641), 12.vi.2014, 1♀, Dvořáková leg. (FSPC); Vysoká-Háj (6041), 25.vii.2014, 1♂, Dvořák leg. (FSPC). Italy: Sicilien, A.S. [Alte Sammlung = old collection], 1♀, without data, Schiner det. (NHMW). Poland: Schreibenhau [= Sklarska Poręba], 20.vii.1911, 1♂, 6.vii.1905, 1♂ 1♀, Schroeder leg. & det. (IZW). Romania: Pojorita, 8.vi.1976, 1♀, I. Ceianu leg. (MHNB). Slovakia: Námestovo (6582), 25.vi.1971, 1♀, Máca leg. (MMSC). New species for fauna of Italy.
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma seguyi SIFNER 1973
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma seguyi

description: Norellisoma seguyi ŠIFNER, 1973
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Bulgaria: Rila, Rilsky monastir, mixed forest, 23.viii.1972, 1♂, Lauterer leg. (MMBC).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma spinimanum
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma spinimanum

description: Norellisoma spinimanum (FALLÉN, 1819)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Croatia: Dalmatia, Cuciste [= Kučište], 1♂, Mik leg, F. Hendel det. (NHMW). Czech Republic: Chyňava-Podkozí (5950), 26.v.2015, 1♂, Šifner leg. (FSPC); Tři Sekery (6041), 5.v.2013, 1♀, Dvořák leg. (FSPC); Mariánské Lázně (6042), 13.v.2013, 1♀, Dvořák leg. (FSPC); Plzeň-Slovany (6246), 5.v.2013, 1♂, Dvořáková leg. (FSPC); Mackov (6464), 23.vii.1971, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC); SPR Velký Tisý (6954), 26.vii.1971, 1♂, Máca leg. (MMSC).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Norellisoma striolatum
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Norellisoma
Norellisoma striolatum

description: Norellisoma striolatum (MEIGEN, 1826)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Romania: Grumelau, 19.vi.1971, 1♂, I. Ceianu leg. (MHNB).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Parallelomma albipes
Creators: name: Šifner, František
name: R, Czech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Parallelomma
Parallelomma albipes

description: Parallelomma albipes (FALLÉN, 1819)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Czech Republic: Kynšperk nad Ohří (5841), 15.vi.2013, 1♂, Dvořák leg. (FSPC); Tři Sekery (6041), 5.v.2013, 1♀, Dvořák leg. (FSPC); Plzeň-Slovany (6246), 5.v.2013, 1♂, Dvořáková leg. (FSPC). Finland: Oulanka Biol. Station, 19.vii.1967, 1♀; Koli, 15.vii.1967, 1♀, all Mihályi leg. (HNHM). Germany: Rügen-Sasnitz, 9.vii.1963, 1♀, Horvatowich leg. (NHMB). Hungary: Magyarfalva, 1♀, v., leg. et det.? (NHMW). Poland: Nimptsch [= Niemcze], 12.viii.1909, 1♀, Duda leg., Liegnitz [= Legnice], 16.vi., No.13262, 1♀, as unicolor det. J. R.Vockeroth 1958 (ZMB); Breslau [= Wrócław], without dada 3♂♂, (NHMW); Warszawa-Bielany, 17.v.1957, Bialowicza, 26.v.1957, 2♂♂ 3♀♀, all Kaczab leg. (HNHM). Slovenia: Illyria, Görz [= Velka Gorica], 2.v.1864, 1♂, Mik leg. & det.; the same locality, 5.v.1865, 1♀, Mik leg. (NHMW).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František & R, Czech, 2018, Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species, pp. 1635-1655 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5277519
Towards event-by-event studies of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray composition
Creators: name: Gorbunov, D. S.
name: Rubtsov, G. I.
name: Troitsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a method which improves the precision of studies of the primary composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. Two principal ingredients of the method are (1) comparison of the observed and simulated parameters for individual showers, without averaging over arrival directions and (2) event-by-event selection of simulated showers by the physical observables and not by the reconstructed primary parameters. A detailed description of the algorithm is presented and illustrated by several examples.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures; v2: 30 pages, journal version
Constraining chemical networks inAstrochemistry
Creators: name: Viti, Serena
name: Holdship, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Databases of gas and surface chemical reactions are a key tool for scientists working in a wide range of physical sciences. In Astrochemistry, databases of chemical reactions are used as inputs to chemical models to determine the abundances of the interstellar medium. Gas chemistry and, in particular, grain surface chemistry and its treatment in gas-grain chemical models are however areas of large uncertainty. Many reactions - especially on the dust grains - have not been systematically experimentally studied. Moreover, experimental measurements are often not easily translated to the rate equation approach most commonly used in astrochemical modelling. Reducing the degree of uncertainty intrinsic in these databases is therefore a prime problem, but has so far been approached mainly by ad hoc procedures of essentially trial and error. In this chapter we review the problem of the determination of accurate and complete chemical networks in the wider context of Astrochemistry and explore the possibility of using statistical methods and machine learning (ML) techniques to reduce the uncertainty in chemical networks.
description: Published as a chapter in "Machine Learning in Chemistry: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence"