cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Carbon dots prepared by different bottom-up methods: a study on optical properties and the application as nanoprobes for metal ions detection
Creators: name: da Silva Pinto, Tarciane
name: de Paula, Everton Luiz
name: de Mesquita, João Paulo
name: Pereira, Fabiano Vargas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged in the last few years as new carbon nanostructures due to their excellent optical and physicochemical properties and thus promising applications in different areas. In this work, we describe the preparation of different CDs obtained from distinct bottom-up methods and also using different low molar mass precursors in order to study advantages and disadvantages of each experimental method used. Different techniques were performed to characterize the nanoparticles, such as Transmission electron microscopy, Potentiometric titration, Fourier transform infrared, Fluorescence and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The CDs obtained using conventional hydrothermal carbonization showed the highest values of quantum yield (QY), whereas the nanoparticles obtained by the heating reflux reaction method exhibited the lowest QY values mainly due to incomplete polymerization and/or carbonization reactions of the material. In addition, a study to evaluate the use of the CDs as nanoprobes for metallic ions showed that one of the samples exhibited high selective and sensitive response toward Fe3+, with a detection limit of 0.89 µM. Furthermore, the nanoparticles used as sensors were obtained with an environmentally friendly strategy, and the CD-based photoluminescence method is simple, has a short response time and present low-cost.
A Compact Thermal Heat Switch for Cryogenic Space Applications Operating near 100 K
Creators: name: Dietrich, Marc
name: Euler, Andreas
name: Thummes, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thermal heat switch has been developed intended for cryogenic space applications operating around 100 K. The switch was designed to separate two pulse tube cold heads that cool a common focal plane array. Two cold heads are used for redundancy reasons, while the switch is used to reduce the thermal heat loss of the stand-by cold head, thus limiting the required input power, weight and dimensions of the cooler assembly. After initial evaluation of possible switching technologies, a construction based on the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of different materials was chosen. A simple design is proposed based on thermoplasts which have one of the highest CTE known permitting a relative large gap width in the open state. Furthermore, the switch requires no power neither during normal operation nor for switching. This enhances reliability and allows for a simple mechanical design. After a single switch was successfully built, a second doubleswitch configuration was designed and tested. The long term performance of the chosen thermoplast (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) under cryogenic load is also analysed.
Possible Evidence for Radial Flow of Heavy Mesons in d+Au Collisions
Creators: name: Sickles, Anne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of particle correlations and the spectra of hadrons at both RHIC and the LHC are suggestive of hydrodynamic behavior in very small collision systems (p+Pb, d+Au and p+p collisions). The measurements are both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to what is seen in central heavy ion collisions where low viscosity hot nuclear matter is formed. While light quarks and gluons are thought to make up the bulk matter, one of the most surprising results in heavy ion collisions is that charm quarks also have a large $v_2$, suggesting that they too participate in the matter. Measurements of the transverse momentum spectra of electrons from the decay of $D$ and $B$ mesons in d+Au show an enhancement in central collisions relative to p+p. We employ the blast-wave model to determine if the flow of heavy quarks in d+Au and p+Pb data is able to explain the enhancement observed in the data. We find a reasonable description of the data with blast-wave parameters extracted from fits to the light hadron spectra, suggesting hydrodynamics as a possible explanation.
description: final published version
MPEC 2024-S31 : 2024 RW43
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RW43

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Die rituelle Zerstörung von Stabdolchen
Creators: name: Horn, Christian
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Intentionelle Zerstörung ist eine Erscheinung, die in verschiedensten prähistorischen Zeitabschnitten zu erkennen ist. Sie tritt oft an Stabdolchen auf, nicht nur an solchen, die in Horten gefunden wurden, sondern auch in Gräbern und Einzeldeponierungen. An Originalen sowie Photos und Zeichnungen konnte beobachtet werden, dass Stabdolche durch eine gewaltvolle Trennung des Schaftes von der Klinge unbrauchbar gemacht wurden.
Die diesem Vorgang zugrunde liegende Struktur wird mit Hilfe psychoanalytischer Theorie untersucht. Während das psychologische Grundgerüst der Zerstörung als Opferhandlung mehr oder minder unverändert bleibt, können die unmittelbaren Begründungen sich je nach gesellschaftlichen Hintergrund ändern. Wenn Waffen, besonders in reinen Waffenhorten, in rituellen Vorgängen zerstört werden, dann liegt mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Verbindung zur prähistorischen Kriegsführung vor. Die Zerstörung selbst ist lediglich ein Element der Opferhandlung, die Niederlegung ein anderes. Falls die Deponierung nicht Teil der Opferhandlung war, ist sie für Archäologen heute nicht mehr zu erkennen. Hierin könnte der Grund zu finden sein, weshalb die intentionelle Zerstörung als Opferhandlung zumindest augenscheinlich in manchen Regionen fehlt. Im Gegenzug bedeutet dieses Fehlen aber nicht notwendigerweise das Fehlen der intentionellen Zerstörung als Opferhandlung oder damit prähistorischen Kriegs in diesen Gebieten.
description: Deliberate destruction is a phenomenon observed in various archaeological periods and it occurs frequently on halberds not just in hoards, but in graves and single finds as well. They were destroyed by a violent separation of handle and blade, which has been observed on originals as well as on photographs and drawings.
By employing psychoanalytical theory the underlying psychological structure for this destruction will be examined. Whilst the structure for the destruction as sacrifice remains the same, immediate causes are subject to change according to the societal background. When weapons -especially in pure weaponry hoards- are destroyed in a sacrificial act it is most likely interlinked with prehistoric warfare. The destruction is just one element of the sacrifice, the deposition is another. If the latter element was not part in the ritual the whole sacrifice escapes the archaeologists’ attention. This might explain why finds are missing in some areas. It shows that this in turn does not necessarily equal the absence of this process or subsequently of prehistoric war.
title: Ein außerordentlich reiches Mädchengrab des dritten Jahrhunderts aus Rheinbach-Flerzheim
Creators: name: Lösch, Constanze
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: 1982 wurde ein aus 26 Gräbern bestehendes römisches Gräberfeld nahe einer bekannten Villa rustica in Rheinbach-Flerzheim, Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, gefunden. Zeitlich umfasst es das Ende des zweiten Jahrhunderts bis in die Jahre um 270 AD. Eines der Gräber, die Bestattung eines 14 -16 jährigen Mädchens, die in die ersten Jahrzehnte des dritten Jahrhunderts datiert, zeichnet sich durch eine ungewöhnlich reiche Grabausstattung aus. Dem Mädchen wurde die enorm hohe Menge von mehr als sechzehn Glasgefäßen und -objekten hoher Qualität beigegeben, darunter so ungewöhnliche Stücke wie ein Messer mit gläsernem Griff und eine reich dekorierte Öllampe aus Glas. Zu ihren weiteren Grabbeigaben zählten unter anderem ein goldenes Haarnetz, ein sogenannter „Ehe-„ oder „Verlobungsring“ aus Gold mit Miniaturcameo, ein Spinnrocken aus Elfenbein, ein Schreibgriffel mit goldenen Intarsien und eine Hundeskulptur aus Bernstein. Das Grab zählt zu den am reichsten ausgestatteten Gräbern in der Provinz Niedergermanien und demonstriert den enormen Reichtum einer Familie einheimischer Landbesitzer.
description: In 1982 a roman cemetery with 26 tombs was discovered in close proximity to a roman villa rustica in Rheinbach-Flerzheim, Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, North Rhine Westfalia, Germany. It can be dated from the end of the 2nd to the years around 270 C.E. One of the tombs, the burial of a 14 -16-years old young girl dating to the first decades of the 3rd century was extraordinarily rich equipped with outstanding grave goods. She was buried with a vast quantity (more than 16 in total) of high quality glass vessels and glass objects giving a broad overview over 2 nd and 3 rd century “Rhenish” glass. Among the glass objects there are unusual pieces such as a knife with a handle made from blue glass probably in lampwork technique and an elaborately decorated glass oil lamp. Among her “general” grave goods were a roman gold hairnet, a type imported from the Mediterranean and very rare in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire, a so called “wedding ring” or engagement ring with a high quality miniature cameo showing a “dextrarum iunctio” scene, an ivory spinning rod, an amber sculpture depicting a small dog, jewelry and a stylus with gold inlays. The tomb is one of the most lavishly equipped Roman 3rd century burials in the province Germania Inferior demonstrating the impressive wealth of a family of rural landowners.
Effective mass signatures in multiphoton pair production
Creators: name: Kohlfürst, Christian
name: Gies, Holger
name: Alkofer, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-positron pair production in oscillating electric fields is investigated in the nonperturbative threshold regime. Accurate numerical solutions of quantum kinetic theory for corresponding observables are presented and analyzed in terms of a proposed model for an effective mass of electrons and positrons acquired within the given strong electric field. Although this effective mass cannot provide an exact description of the collective interaction of a charged particle with the strong field, physical observables are identified which carry direct and sensitive signatures of the effective mass.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Revised version: Discussion extended, minor corrections, new Fig.3
ChemDraw Key Skills Workshop
Creators: name: Taylor, James
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organic chemical synthesis

description: ChemDraw (PerkinElmer Informatics) is a software package for drawing chemical structures. It requires a software licence, which are often available as site-licences for staff and students at academic institutions with scientific departments / schools. ChemDraw is industry standard software for producing graphics for chemical publications of all types, and it is therefore important for students to learn how to use the program effectively.
 This record contains a Skills Workshop delivered to post-graduate taught students but would also be appropriate to undergraduate study. A pre-session was offered to all students to help them download the software using the site licence and introduce them to the layout and basic tools available.
 The session was delivered as a one-hour instructor-led workshop where the students were encouraged to work-along with the session on their laptops. This allows for questions and practical assistance to be provided. The instructor demonstrated how to re-create the figures in the Exercises sheet to the students, highlighting key features of the software outlined in the Instructor Notes document. The Exercises document could also be used as a student-led exercise for them to work through independently.
 The exercise was created and demonstrated using ChemDraw Professional 21.0.0.28 for Windows (University of Bath site licence).
title: Der Weg zur Hölle ist mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert. Archäologische Denkmalpflege und die ungeliebte Öffentlichkeit in Österreich
Creators: name: Karl, Raimund
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Das österreichische Denkmalschutzgesetz (DMSG) ist ein klassisches Beispiel für Versuch einen sozialen Konflikt mit einer gesetzlichen Regelung zu lösen. Nach archäologischen Funden zu suchen ist für Mitglieder der Öffentlichkeit seit 1990 generell verboten (§ 11 Abs 1 DMSG). Und als archäologischer Fund gelten alle von Menschen geschaffenen oder veränderten Gegenstände (§ 1 Abs 1 DMSG), die im oder auf dem Boden oder unter der Wasseroberfläche entdeckt werden (§ 8 Abs 1 DMSG). Die derzeitige Rechtslage stellt eine Verschärfung früherer Fassungen des DMSG dar, die zwar ebenfalls eine Genehmigung für das Suchen vorgesehen hatten, jedoch die Möglichkeit beinhalteten eine solche auch Mitgliedern der Öffentlichkeit zu erteilen. So gut diese Verschärfung gemeint war, hat man vergessen die Konsequenzen zu bedenken, die ein komplettes Suchverbot für die Öffentlichkeit haben könnte und hat: trotz unverändert geltender hadrianischer Fundteilungsregelung und Fundmeldepflicht ist die Anzahl von Fundmeldungen durch Mitglieder der Öffentlichkeit seit dieser Verschärfung dramatisch zurückgegangen (um etwa 70%), obwohl die Anzahl der SondengeherInnen deutlich gestiegen ist. Resultat der Verschärfung des DMSG ist also nicht etwa ein besserer Schutz archäologischer Funde oder Kontexte, sondern der einzige Effekt dieser rechtlichen Regelung ist es, die breite Öffentlichkeit aus Archäologie und archäologischer Denkmalpflege auszuschließen.
description: The Austrian Denkmalschutzgesetz (DMSG) is a typical example for an attempt to solve a social conflict with a law. Members of the public are generally prohibited from searching for archaeological finds since 1990 (§ 11 (1) DMSG). And according to the law, every item made or transformed by man (§ 1 Abs 1 DMSG), found on or beneath the surface of the earth or water (§ 8 (1) DMSG) is an archaeological find. These provisions are a result of the increasing tightening of the law. Earlier versions did require everyone to get a permit for archaeological searches from the National Heritage Agency BDA, but such permits could be given to every citizen. Wellintended as the tightening was, what the authorities forgot was to consider what consequences a complete prohibition against searching for archaeological finds would have among members of the public. Although equal sharing of finds between finder and landowner and a general legal requirement to report finds to the authorities remained unchanged, the number of finds reported by members of the public has drastically declined since the law was tightened (by c. 70%), even though the number of members of the public who are searching for archaeology has consistently increased. The result of the tightening of the DMSG thus is not a better protection for archaeological finds and contexts, but the only effect is to exclude the wider public from archaeology and archaeological heritage protection.
Proposal to develop a government postdoctoral scheme in Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: name: Truax, Olivia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Science Policy
Research Funding
Aotearoa New Zealand

description: This submission to the Te Ara Paerangi – Future Pathways Programme proposes that MBIE develop a postdoctoral program to place early career researchers into roles within central government. A government postdoctoral fellowship scheme would be a low investment, high impact, way to improve the research, science, and innovation (RSI) career pipeline. It would (i) retain talent in New Zealand, (ii) provide a career pathway into government and industry for ECRs, and (iii) strengthen collaboration at the science-policy interface. I am seeking signatures of support at https://forms.gle/TiMheBwoQQuCmW3Q9
title: Archäologische Erwachsenenbildung in England – Ein Erfahrungsbericht
Creators: name: Newton, Iris
name: Newton, Adam
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: In Deutschland führt der Weg zu archäologischem Wissen für interessierte Laien meist durch diverse Museen und, wenn mehr Struktur und Kontinuität im Wissenserwerb gewünscht ist, zur Volkshochschule (oder, wenn nicht berufstätig, dem Gasthörerstudium an Universitäten). An der Volkshochschule können entweder einzelne Vorlesungen oder Führungen oder im Glücksfall sogar ein ganzer Kurs zum einen oder anderen archäologischen Gebiet gebucht bzw. belegt werden. Ganz anders ist dagegen die (archäologische) Erwachsenenbildung in England organisiert. Das Äquivalent zur Volkshochschule, entweder “Continuing Education” oder “Lifelong Learning” genannt, soll in diesem Aufsatz mit Blick aus langjähriger Unterrichtspraxis vorgestellt werden.
Diese Zentren sind, anders als die Volkshochschulen, den Universitäten angegliedert, und erfüllen einen staatlichen Bildungsauftrag. Diese Anbindung an die Universitäten eröffnet einmalige Chancen, birgt aber auch Risiken. Der Einblick in das englische System könnte zu einem Diskurs anregen, wie es möglich wäre, Elemente dieses Systems in die deutsche Erwachsenenbildungslandschaft einzugliedern.
description: For people with an interest in archaeology in Germany, the path to archaeological knowledge leads mostly through various museums and, for more structure and continuity in learning, into the Volkshochschule (or as a „guest“ at the university, sitting in on the occasional module, if there is time during the working week). At the Volkshochschule, one may find the occasional lecture or guided tour with an archaeological focus or even, if one is lucky, a whole module about one or the other archaeological topic. In England, on the contrary, (archaeological) adult education is organised in a different manner. The equivalent of the Volkshochschule, called variously Continuing Education or Lifelong Learning, will be introduced in this paper from the viewpoint of two long-term practitioners, with an emphasis on teaching practice.
These adult education centres are, contrary to the German system, part of the universities themselves and carry out a governmental educational mandate. The close connection with the universities opens up unique possibilities but also harbours its own risks. An insight into the system practised in England could possibly encourage a discussion about the possibilities and limits of implementing parts of this system within the German adult education landscape.
title: Kultur – Bildung – Archäologie. Anmerkungen zum Verhältnis von Archäologie und historischem Lernen
Creators: name: Hasberg, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Das Dreieck Kultur – Bildung – Archäologie beschreibt ein ausgesprochen grundlegendes Verhältnis, auch wenn Bildung im vorliegenden Aufsatz auf historische Bildung reduziert ist. Das Verhältnis wird noch einmal komplizierter, wenn man Kultur nicht als eine Materialisierung oder Institutionalisierung versteht, sondern – wie es im kulturwissenschaftlichen Paradigma üblich ist – als Sinngewebe einer gesellschaftlichen Formation. Versteht man gleichzeitig das Deutungsgeschäft der Geschichte als ein kulturwissenschaftliches, hat das nachhaltige Konsequenzen für historisches Lernen. Dieses konstituiert seinen Gegenstand im Prozess. Insofern auch die Archäologie als Teildisziplin der Geschichtswissenschaft dem historischen Denken/Lernen verpflichtet ist, ist sie im Bereich der Vermittlung auf die daraus resultierenden geschichtsdidaktische Essentials zurück verwiesen. Aus diesem Grunde erübrigt sich eine „Didaktik der Archäologie“.
description: The triangle of culture – education – archaeology describes a very fundamental coherence, even though it is reduced to historical education in this case. The relationsship will become much more complicated, if culture is not limited to materialization or institutions, but is perceived as a social textile of sense, as it is usually in the context of cultural sciences. If, at the same time, history is regarded as matter in the context of cultural sciences, this comprehension has affects to historical learning. In this sense, historical thinking creates its subject by its own. Insofar as archaeology is a part of historical sciences it is connected to historical thinking/learning, too. In consequence, it has to regard the essentials of historical learning, where archaeology is targeted to historical education. Because of this reasons didactics of archaeology are dispensable.
Rigidity of Fiber Bunched Cocycles
Creators: name: Backes, Lucas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a rigidity theorem for fiber bunched matrix-valued Holder cocycles over hyperbolic homeomorphisms. More precisely, we show that two such cocycles are cohomologous if and only if they have conjugated periodic data.
description: Some corrections to the previous version were made
The McGill Magnetar Catalog
Creators: name: Olausen, S. A.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of the 26 currently known magnetars and magnetar candidates. We tabulate astrometric and timing data for all catalog sources, as well as their observed radiative properties, particularly the spectral parameters of the quiescent X-ray emission. We show histograms of the spatial and timing properties of the magnetars, comparing them with the known pulsar population, and we investigate and plot possible correlations between their timing, X-ray, and multiwavelength properties. We find the scale height of magnetars to be in the range 20-31 pc, assuming they are exponentially distributed. This range is smaller than that measured for OB stars, providing evidence that magnetars are born from the most massive O stars. From the same fits, we find that the Sun lies ~13-22 pc above the Galactic plane, consistent with previous measurements. We confirm previously identified correlations between quiescent X-ray luminosity L_X and magnetic field B, as well as X-ray spectral power-law index Gamma and B, and show evidence for an excluded region in a plot of L_X vs. Gamma. We also present an updated kT versus characteristic age plot, showing magnetars and high-B radio pulsars are hotter than lower-B neutron stars of similar age. Finally, we observe a striking difference between magnetars detected in the the hard X-ray and radio bands; there is a clear correlation between the hard and soft X-ray flux, whereas the radio-detected magnetars all have low soft X-ray flux suggesting, if anything, that the two bands are anti-correlated. An online version of the catalog is located at http://www.physics.mcgill.ca/~pulsar/magnetar/main.html
description: 24 pages, 8 tables, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Significant changes in the text, tables, and figures since the last version
title: „Kinder fragen Kelten“ – ein Projekt des Keltenmuseums Hochdorf/Enz, Baden-Württemberg
Creators: name: Stork, Simone
name: Mattlinger, Franziska
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Das Keltenmuseum Hochdorf/Enz sammelte vier Jahre lang Fragen, die Kinder im Museum aufschrieben. Die Kinderfragen überraschten uns durch ihre Vielschichtigkeit und Intelligenz. Wir haben viel davon gelernt, Kinderfragen ernst zu nehmen und sie als wesentlichen Baustein für unsere didaktische Aufgabe zu erkennen. Aus unserer Frageaktion ging das Buch „Keltoi – mit Fionn auf Spurensuche“ hervor. Die graphische Gestaltung und auch die Namensfindung der Identifikationsfigur richten sich streng nach Vorlagen archäologischer Funde, antiken Überlieferungen und einer genauen Recherche. Die heute so gerne vollzogene Mystifizierung der keltischen Geschichte wird bewusst nicht angestrebt, um dem Betrachter möglichst sachlich, belegte Informationen in illustrativer Form wiedergeben zu können. Ein völlig neues Konzept bietet die Verlinkung der Fragen untereinander. Für den Leser ergeben sich somit ganz neue Möglichkeiten, sich die Reise durch die keltische Zeit selbst zu gestalten.
description: For four years the Celtic Museum in Hochdorf collected questions that children had written up in the museum. The children’s questions surprised us with their complexity and intelligence. We learned a lot from it – to take children’s questions seriously and to recognize them as important building blocks in our didactic work. Out of the question-collecting project came the book “Keltoi – Mit Fionn auf Spurensuche” (“The Celts – Finding Traces with Fionn”).
The graphic design and invention of a name for the role model are in strict accordance with archeological finds, what is known from antiquity, and accurate research. The mystification of Celtic history so common today is consciously avoided to provide to the observer the included information in illustrated form and as factually as possible. The interlinking of the questions offers a totally new concept. In this way completely new possibilities will occur to the reader to create a personal voyage through the time of the Celts.
title: School, work and unemployment: Social and cultural reproduction on the Isle of Sheppey
Creators: name: Wallace, Claire
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: The central argument of the thesis is that the transition from school to work may be conceptualised as part of a broader process of social and cultural reproduction. This incorporates both the reproduction of young people as workers and the reproduction of their gender roles. This is in turn related to their roles within the family and the movement through the life cycle. The thesis in general focusses on the inter-relations between styles of consumption, production and reproduction amongst young people and the ways in which unemployment j-iffects these. The empirical data were collected during the course of five years of research in a small community in Kent where unemployment had i t H r . - been endemic for some twenty years. ' Ttfe'y were derived from a longitudinal sample survey conducted between 1979 and 1980 amongst young people aged 16 to 18. This was supplemented by participant observation, extended interviews and the use of Careers Office and School Records. The first part of the thesis critically reviews distinct perspectives in social science research relating to the transition from school to work, unemployment, cultural reproduction and the construction of gender roles. Hypotheses derived from this review are then tested against empirical data described in the second half of the thesis. Three main themes are explored: Firstly, the changing relationship between school and the local community under different social and economic conditions is documented through the use of historical material. Secondly, responses to unemployment are examined, showing that these are related to the construction of gender identities and to relationships within the family. Thirdly, the thesis illustrates the disjunctions between young people's occupational aspirations or preferences and the realities of the situation which faced them in a declining labour market. These themes are related by an analysis of the processes of cultural reproduction through which identities were both transmitted and creatively constructed, serving to differentiate groups of school leavers. It is argued that the adjustment to working life is problematical and constitutes part of a longer term process of social reproduction of which entry into the labour market is only one stage. In fine, this thesis contributes both theoretically and empirically to the contemporary understanding of a crucial period of transition.
Phase behaviour of active Brownian particles: The role of dimensionality
Creators: name: Stenhammar, Joakim
name: Marenduzzo, Davide
name: Allen, Rosalind J.
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, there has been much interest in activity-induced phase separations in concentrated suspensions of "active Brownian particles" (ABPs), self-propelled spherical particles whose direction of motion relaxes through thermal rotational diffusion. To date, almost all these studies have been restricted to 2 dimensions. In this work we study activity-induced phase separation in 3D and compare the results with previous and new 2D simulations. To this end, we performed state-of-the-art Brownian dynamics simulations of up to 40 million ABPs -- such very large system sizes are unavoidable to evade finite size effects in 3D. Our results confirm the picture established for 2D systems in which an activity-induced phase separation occurs, with strong analogies to equilibrium gas-liquid spinodal decomposition, in spite of the purely non-equilibrium nature of the driving force behind the phase separation. However, we also find important differences between the 2D and 3D cases. Firstly, the shape and position of the phase boundaries is markedly different for the two cases. Secondly, for the 3D coarsening kinetics we find that the domain size grows in time according to the classical diffusive $t^{1/3}$ law, in contrast to the nonstandard subdiffusive exponent observed in 2D.
title: Re-Enactors in archäologischen Freilichtmuseen: Motive und didaktische Konzepte
Creators: name: Samida, Stefanie
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Mit dem englischen Begriff ‚Living History‘ bezeichnet man eine aus den USA stammende ambivalente Darstellung von Geschichte, die im Deutschen in der Regel als ‚lebendige/wiederbelebte/belebte Geschichte‘ umschrieben wird. Zumeist synonym oder zumindest in einem Atemzug wird auch der Begriff ‚Re-Enactment‘ verwendet; dieser Terminus verweist jedoch ursprünglich auf das Nachspielen konkreter historischer Ereignisse, besonders von Schlachten. Re-Enactments im Museumskontext sind beim Publikum vor allem aufgrund ihres ‚Mitmach‘-Charakters, also eines authentische Erfahrungen versprechenden Ansatzes beliebt: optisches, akustisches und haptisches Erleben stehen im Vordergrund. Durch Rekonstruktionen und Inszenierungen wird auf unterhaltsame Art und Weise Interesse an der Vergangenheit geweckt, wobei die vermittelten Bilder und Lebenswelten beim Publikum außerordentlich prägend wirken. Der Beitrag setzt seinen Schwerpunkt auf die Motive für den Rollentausch von Re-Enactors sowie auf das didaktische Konzept, das die Darsteller bzw. Gruppen in ihrer Vorführung von Vergangenheit verfolgen. Grundlage dazu bilden erste empirische Studien, die anhand qualitativer Befragungen in Interviewform mit Mitgliedern der Alamannen-Gruppe Ask geführt wurden.
description: The term ‘living history’, in Germany often translated as lebendige/wiederbelebte/erlebte Geschichte, stands for a specific form of popular representation of history. While it has its roots in the USA, it might almost be called a global phenomenon today. The English term ‘reenactment’ is quite often used as a synonym, but originally referred to the replay or reenactment of concrete historical events (often battles), while living history tries to simulate living conditions of the past in the present. Reenactments at open air museums seem to be popular because they emanate a hands-on and authentic atmosphere. Reenactors often employ a whole range of visual, acoustic and haptic possibilities. This specific kind of historical representation is based on the persuasiveness of the ‘real’, the ‘tangible’, and the ‘comprehensible’. Reconstructions and performances arouse public interest and in doing so the mediated conceptions of history (Geschichtsbilder) have a lasting effect.
In this article I focuse on the re-enactors’ motives to engage in living history activities and on their didactical concepts. The paper is founded upon empirical research, mainly interviews with some group-members of the so-called Ask-Alamanni.
Optimal simplices and codes in projective spaces
Creators: name: Cohn, Henry
name: Kumar, Abhinav
name: Minton, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find many tight codes in compact spaces, i.e., optimal codes whose optimality follows from linear programming bounds. In particular, we show the existence (and abundance) of several hitherto unknown families of simplices in quaternionic projective spaces and the octonionic projective plane. The most noteworthy cases are 15-point simplices in HP^2 and 27-point simplices in OP^2, both of which are the largest simplices and the smallest 2-designs possible in their respective spaces. These codes are all universally optimal, by a theorem of Cohn and Kumar. We also show the existence of several positive-dimensional families of simplices in the Grassmannians of subspaces of R^n with n <= 8; close numerical approximations to these families had been found by Conway, Hardin, and Sloane, but no proof of existence was known. Our existence proofs are computer-assisted, and the main tool is a variant of the Newton-Kantorovich theorem. This effective implicit function theorem shows, in favorable conditions, that every approximate solution to a set of polynomial equations has a nearby exact solution. Finally, we also exhibit a few explicit codes, including a configuration of 39 points in OP^2 that form a maximal system of mutually unbiased bases. This is the last tight code in OP^2 whose existence had been previously conjectured but not resolved.
description: 53 pages
title: Thorsten Sonnemann: Die Büraburg und das Fritzlar-Waberner Becken im frühen Mittelalter. Mittelalter-Archäologie in Hessen, Band 1, 2010
Creators: name: Blaich, Markus C.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Rezension zu: Thorsten Sonnemann: Die Büraburg und das Fritzlar-Waberner Becken im frühen Mittelalter. Mittelalter-Archäologie in Hessen, Band 1 (= Studien zur Archäologie Europas, Band 12). Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt, Bonn. 2010. 517 Seiten, 142 Abbildungen, 104 Tabellen, 80 Tafeln, 8 Farbtafeln und 1 CD-Beilage.
Coupling of magnetic order to planar Bi electrons in the anisotropic Dirac metals AMnBi2 (A = Sr, Ca)
Creators: name: Guo, Y. F.
name: Princep, A. J.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Manuel, P.
name: Khalyavin, D.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Shi, Y. G.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report powder and single crystal neutron diffraction measurements of the magnetic order in AMnBi2 (A = Sr and Ca), two layered manganese pnictides with anisotropic Dirac fermions on a Bi square net. Both materials are found to order at TN approx 300 K in k = 0 antiferromagnetic structures, with ordered Mn moments at T = 10 K of approximately 3.8 muB aligned along the c axis. The magnetic structures are Neel-type within the Mn--Bi layers but the inter-layer ordering is different, being antiferromagnetic in SrMnBi2 and ferromagnetic in CaMnBi2. This allows a mean-field coupling of the magnetic order to Bi electrons in CaMnBi2 but not in SrMnBi2. We find clear evidence that magnetic order influences electrical transport. First principles calculations explain the experimental observations and suggest that the mechanism for different inter-layer ordering in the two compounds is the competition between the anteiferromagnetic superexchange and ferromagnetic double exchange carried by itinerant Bi electrons.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B. Version 2 includes additional sample characterisation and bulk measurements, and ab initio electronic structure calculations
title: „Frauen in Geo-Archäologischer Forschung in Deutschland“ Berufliche Karriere erst ab 40 – ein persönlicher Erfahrungsbericht
Creators: name: Göbel, Karin
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Die Kombination von Karriere und Kindern ist nicht einfach. Manchmal ist es nacheinander möglich. Eine Online-Weiterbildung während der „Erziehungszeit“ hilft, um gut ausgebildet in den Beruf zurückzukehren, z. B. im Bereich Geografischer Informations-Systeme (GIS). GIS ermöglicht die raumbezogenen Erfassung, Verwaltung, Analyse und Visualisierung umfangreicher Datenbestände und ist deshalb hervorragend für die digitale Aufarbeitung von Grabungsdokumentationen geeignet. Der Datenzugriff wird optimiert und Informationen aus unterschiedlichen Datenbeständen lassen sich integrieren und gemeinsam auswerten. Wertvolle Originale werden dadurch geschont und gesichert.
description: It’s difficult to achieve a good balance between career and family. Sometimes you have to do one step after the other. Online training during parental leave of absence is useful to get well prepared back to the job, for example in Geographic Information-Systems (GIS).
Because a GIS enables geospatial collection, management, analysis and visualisation of comprehensive data records, it is especially well suited for digital processing of excavation documentation. Access to the data is optimised and information from different data resources can be integrated and analysed collectively. Valuable originals are spared and saved as a result.
Proactive Moderation of Online Discussions: Existing Practices and the Potential for Algorithmic Support
Creators: name: Schluger, Charlotte
name: Chang, Jonathan P.
name: Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, Cristian
name: Levy, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To address the widespread problem of uncivil behavior, many online discussion platforms employ human moderators to take action against objectionable content, such as removing it or placing sanctions on its authors. This reactive paradigm of taking action against already-posted antisocial content is currently the most common form of moderation, and has accordingly underpinned many recent efforts at introducing automation into the moderation process. Comparatively less work has been done to understand other moderation paradigms -- such as proactively discouraging the emergence of antisocial behavior rather than reacting to it -- and the role algorithmic support can play in these paradigms. In this work, we investigate such a proactive framework for moderation in a case study of a collaborative setting: Wikipedia Talk Pages. We employ a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and design components for a holistic analysis. Through interviews with moderators, we find that despite a lack of technical and social support, moderators already engage in a number of proactive moderation behaviors, such as preemptively intervening in conversations to keep them on track. Further, we explore how automation could assist with this existing proactive moderation workflow by building a prototype tool, presenting it to moderators, and examining how the assistance it provides might fit into their workflow. The resulting feedback uncovers both strengths and drawbacks of the prototype tool and suggests concrete steps towards further developing such assisting technology so it can most effectively support moderators in their existing proactive moderation workflow.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures. More info at https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~cristian/Proactive_Moderation.html
title: Berufsfeld: Staatliche Bodendenkmalpflege
Creators: name: Friederich, Susanne
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Archäologie – vermeintlich ein Orchiedeenfach für Schöngeister – ist eine komplexe Kombination aus verschiedenen technischen und natur- sowie geisteswissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, deren Aufgabe es in erster Linie ist, für das Erkennen, die Sicherung und die Pflege des im Boden bewahrten kulturellen Erbes eines Landes Sorge zu tragen. Dies stellt hohe Anforderungen an alle in der Archäologie Tätigen, in besonderer Weise aber an die, die als Denkmalpfleger ihrer Arbeit nachgehen, da diese möglichst alle Aspekte des Berufes im Blick haben sollten. War das Berufsfeld des „Denkmalpflegers“ früher wegen seiner Nähe zum Bau- und Ingenieursgewerbe und seiner ständig wechselnden Einsatzorte eine Domäne von Männer, so hat die Praxis gezeigt, dass auch Frauen dieses Segment erfolgreich arbeiten können. Gefordert werden vom guten Denkmalpfleger neben komplexen feldarchäologischen Fähigkeiten auch allgemeine Kenntnisse in den Naturwissenschaften, in Jura, Betriebswirtschaft, Management, Journalismus/Öffentlichkeitsvermittlung, wissenschaftlicher Analytik und in Personalführung. Außer starker Motivation sollte eine hohe Leistungsorientierung, die Bereitschaft zur Anpassung an ständig neue Anforderungsprofile, die Fähigkeit, mehrere Aufgaben gleichzeitig erledigen zu können, und vor allem soziale Kompetenz jeden Archäologen in der Denkmalpflege auszeichnen.
description: Archaeology – a discipline that is often said to be an “exotic” subject for aesthetes – is a complex combination of various disciplines in the fields of technology, natural science, and humanities. The predominant task of archaeology is the discovery, preservation, and care of field monuments as part of the nation’s cultural heritage. This task places high demands on all the people working in this field, especially the conservation officers, as they should consider all aspects of their profession. Because of its proximity to engineering and construction industry as well as frequently changing work sites, the profession of the “conservation officer” used to be a male domain. However, practice has shown that women manage to move successfully into this segment. A good conservation officer is required to have complex skills in field archaeology, but also a general knowledge in natural science, law, applied economics, business management, journalism/public relations, scientific analytics, and personnel management. Apart from a strong motivation, a high performance orientation, the willingness to adapt to changing requirements, the ability to perform several tasks simultaneously, and especially social skills should be the special characteristics of every archaeologist working for the national heritage.
Type D vacuum solutions: a new intrinsic approach
Creators: name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to the intrinsic properties of the type D vacuum solutions based on the invariant symmetries that these spacetimes admit. By using tensorial formalism and without explicitly integrating the field equations, we offer a new proof that the upper bound of covariant derivatives of the Riemann tensor required for a Cartan-Karlhede classification is two. Moreover we show that, except for the Ehlers-Kundt's C-metrics, the Riemann derivatives depend on the first order ones, and for the C-metrics they depend on the first order derivatives and on a second order constant invariant. In our analysis the existence of an invariant complex Killing vector plays a central role. It also allows us to easily obtain and to geometrically interpret several known relations. We apply to the vacuum case the intrinsic classification of the type D spacetimes based on the first order differential properties of the 2+2 Weyl principal structure, and we show that only six classes are compatible. We define several natural and suitable subclasses and present an operational algorithm to detect them.
description: 17 pages
Digital Object Identifiers and Metadata for VLBI Datasets and Products
Creators: name: Coetzer, Glenda
name: Botha, Roelff
name: Elger, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: VLBI
radio astronomy
DOI
digital object identifier

description: (Poster presented at Bologna VLBI 2023); n the mid-1960s there were several indications that radio sources have features that are smaller than the angular resolution of conventional radio interferometers (Clark, 2003). It subsequently led to the development of VLBI, which changed the way we conduct radio astronomy and geodetic interferometry. VLBI is a collaboration between institutes and instruments located in various countries across the world. This provides an example of challenge to earth and science investigations in the time and effort required to discover, analyse and visualise data for research, monitoring and decision-making. Information systems used in VLBI are mostly for experienced users and present difficulties for new and novice users unfamiliar with the variety of formats and structures in which data, metadata and information are stored. Innovative data services, tools, applications and support approaches have been developed to assist users in discovering, analysing and visualising VLBI data and products (Clark, 2003). The realisation of the importance of unique Persistent IDentifiers (PIDs), in support of Wilkinson’s Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) principles, led to the attribution of Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to data and research products (Fig. 1). Data discovery is largely dependent upon proper and encompassing metadata, metadata standards and repositories. We present DOIs and metadata for VLBI datasets and products.