cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
O PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE FORTALECIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR (PRONAF): UM ENFOQUE NA PERSPECTIVA DEMOCRÁTICA DE ALAIN TOURAINE
Creators: name: Teixeira, Maisa Gomide
name: Higuchi, Agnaldo Keiti
name: Rocha, Eliza Emilia Bernnardo
name: Vieira, Francisco Giovanni David
name: Teixeira, Maisa Gomide
name: Higuchi, Agnaldo Keiti
name: Rocha, Eliza Emilia Bernnardo
name: Vieira, Francisco Giovanni David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Political Economy
subject: Agricultura familiar
subject: PRONAF
subject: democracia
subject: associativismo

description: O pequeno produtor inserido num contexto de concentração fundiária e de renda, em virtude da utilização crescente de tecnologia ou de insumos modernos na atividade agrícola e de sua exclusão dos processos de agregação de valor, realizados nas agroindústrias, situa-se em uma situação desfavorável. Foram diversas as políticas que visaram conter esta condição que se colocava na agricultura para este estrato produtivo e social. O presente estudo procura analisar o impacto de uma política dirigida para os agricultores familiares, o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF), a partir da perspectiva democrática de Alain Touraine, cujo conceito de democracia se baseia não em uma noção procedural da participação, mas sim na ênfase de que os atores sociais sejam capazes de dar sentido à sua ação, sendo esta participação o pressuposto de sua autonomia política. O estudo realizou-se nas propriedades familiares produtoras de uva fina de mesa da cidade de Marialva-PR. Através de entrevistas dirigidas a dois técnicos da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (EMATER), e junto a uma amostra de agricultores familiares da Comunidade do Iti, coletou-se dados que, após analisados, levam a inferir que o PRONAF, fomentando o associativismo, contribuiu para atenuar as condições desfavoráveis que se apresentavam. Isto se deu quando da aquisição da consciência de sujeito, em que os agricultores familiares passam a participarem na formulação de reivindicações que alterem as condições a seu favor. No caso analisado, isso pode ser percebido quando da concessão da anistia da dívida para com a agência financiadora o que proporcionou a continuidade das atividades de seus negócios e, quando da obtenção da fiscalização, por parte do órgão municipal, da qualidade do produto comercializado, garantindo assim um fortalecimento de sua posição na cadeia produtiva.
Sonochemical Modification of the Superconducting Properties of MgB2
Creators: name: Prozorov, Tanya
name: Prozorov, Ruslan
name: Snezhko, Alexey
name: Suslick, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrasonic irradiation of magnesium diboride slurries in decalin produces material with significant inter-grain fusion. Sonication in the presence of Fe(CO)5 produces magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles embedded in the MgB2 bulk. The resulting superconductor-ferromagnet composite exhibits considerable enhancement of the magnetic hysteresis, which implies an increase of vortex pinning strength due to embedded magnetic nanoparticles.
Foldilecanium Kondo 2011, new genus
Creators: name: Kondo, Takumasa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coccidae
Foldilecanium

description: Genus Foldilecanium Kondo, new genus
 Type species: Neolecanium amazonensis Foldi, 1988: 80.
 Generic description, adult female. Insect body oval to broadly oval in shape.
 Dorsum. Derm membranous, becoming sclerotized in older specimens. Dorsal setae absent. Dorsal microducts scattered over dorsum. Preopercular pores present around anal plates and extending in a narrow mid-dorsal line anteriorly up to area dorsad to mouthparts or antennae. Simple pores of 2 types: type (i) pore small, scattered over dorsum; type (ii) pore medium in size, under high magnification appearing as having numerous loculi, scattered over dorsum and intermixed with type (i) pores. Dorsal tubular ducts, dorsal tubercles and pocket-like sclerotizations absent. Anal plates together broadly pyriform, with smooth rounded outer angles, plates located near mid-dorsum, each plate with 9-14 setose setae on dorsal surface. Anal ring with 10 setae. A well-developed sclerotic area present around anal plates in mature specimens, or at least around upper half of plates.
 Margin. Marginal setae sharply to blunly spinose. Stigmatic clefts shallow to deep, each with 2-7 stigmatic setae; stigmatic setae bulbous, or sharply to bluntly spinose, all more or less subequal in length. Eyespots present or absent.
 Venter. Derm entirely membranous. Perivulvar pores completely absent. Spiracular pores with 3-6 (mostly 5) loculi, present in a narrow band as wide as peritreme or narrower, with band of pores extending laterally from each spiracle to body margin. Ventral microducts scattered evenly throughout, but in dense concentration around labium. Ventral tubular ducts absent. Ventral submarginal setae slender, straight or slightly bent, present in a single row. Ventral setae across abdominal segments sharply spinose, longer and thicker than other setae. Anterior spiracular peritremes generally smaller than posterior peritremes. Legs well developed, but small compared to body size, claws with or without a denticle. Antennae each 6 segmented, with fleshy setae present on last three antennal segments. Interantennal setae totaling 3 pairs. Mouthparts well developed; labium 1 segmented, with 4 pairs of labial setae.
 Etymology. The new genus Foldilecanium is named for Dr. Imre Foldi, coccidologist and author of the type species. The name is a combination of the name Foldi and “ lecanium ” which is an ending commonly used for scale insect names. Gender masculine.
description: Published as part of Kondo, Takumasa, 2011, Transfer of the myrmecophilous soft scale insect Neolecanium amazonensis Foldi to Foldilecanium gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccidae), with description of a new species from Colombia., pp. 1-10 in Insecta Mundi 2011 (167) on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5160587
ANÁLISE DOS PRINCIPAIS TRIBUTOS INCIDENTES NA CADEIA DE CARNE BOVINA BRASILEIRA
Creators: name: Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
name: Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: cadeia da carne bovina
subject: tributos
subject: sonegação
subject: Brasil
subject: estado de São Paulo

description: O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar os principais tributos incidentes sobre a cadeia de carne bovina brasileira, ressaltando as formas de sua sonegação. Os tributos considerados neste trabalho são: ITR, PIS/COFINS, ICMS, FUNRURAL, INSS, IRPJ, CSLL e CPMF. A metodologia utilizada é a análise tabular e gráfica dos dados primários e secundários. Os dados primários foram obtidos através de entrevistas com alguns agentes que operam na cadeia em análise. Os dados secundários são, principalmente, de órgãos públicos. Constata-se que o sistema tributário brasileiro é complexo, ocorrendo a incidência de tributos em cascata o que, juntamente com a alta carga tributária incidente e a fraca fiscalização, induz os agentes à sonegação. Conclui-se, através das entrevistas, que as práticas de sonegação mais comuns se referem ao ICMS. O trabalho encerra com algumas sugestões para reverter esse quadro.
Neutron Star QPOs from Oscillating, Precessing Hot, Thick Flow
Creators: name: Fragile, P. Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Across black hole (BH) and neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), there appears to be some correlation between certain high- and low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). In a previous paper, we showed that for BH LMXBs, this could be explained by the simultaneous oscillation and precession of a hot, thick, torus-like corona. In the current work, we extend this idea to NS LMXBs by associating the horizontal branch oscillations (HBO) with precession and the upper-kiloHertz (ukHz) QPO with vertical epicyclic motion. For the Atoll source 4U 1608-52, the model can match many distinct, simultaneous observations of the HBO and ukHz QPO by varying the inner and outer radius of the torus, while maintaining fixed values for the mass (M_{NS}) and spin (a_*) of the neutron star. The best fit values are M_{NS} = 1.38 \pm 0.03 M_\odot and a_* = 0.325 \pm 0.005. By combining these constraints with the measured spin frequency, we are able to obtain an estimate for the moment of inertia of I_{NS} = 1.40 \pm 0.02 \times 10^{45} g cm^2, which places constraints on the equation of state. The model is unable to fit the lower-kHz QPO, but evidence suggests that QPO may be associated with the boundary layer between the accretion flow and the neutron star surface, which is not treated in this work.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the cosmological evolution of quasar black-hole masses
Creators: name: McLure, R. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Virial black-hole mass estimates are presented for 12698 quasars in the redshift interval 0.1
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of 'Multi-wavelength AGN surveys', Cozumel, 2003
Remote Mobile Manipulation with the Centauro Robot: Full-body Telepresence and Autonomous Operator Assistance
Creators: name: Klamt, Tobias
name: Schwarz, Max
name: Lenz, Christian
name: Baccelliere, Lorenzo
name: Buongiorno, Domenico
name: Cichon, Torben
name: Di Guardo, Antonio
name: Droeschel, David
name: Gabardi, Massimiliano
name: Kamedula, Malgorzata
name: Kashiri, Navvab
name: Laurenzi, Arturo
name: Leonardis, Daniele
name: Muratore, Luca
name: Pavlichenko, Dmytro
name: Periyasamy, Arul Selvam
name: Rodriguez, Diego
name: Solazzi, Massimiliano
name: Frisoli, Antonio
name: Gustmann, Michael
name: Roßmann, Jürgen
name: Süss, Uwe
name: Tsagarakis, Nikos G.
name: Behnke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Solving mobile manipulation tasks in inaccessible and dangerous environments is an important application of robots to support humans. Example domains are construction and maintenance of manned and unmanned stations on the moon and other planets. Suitable platforms require flexible and robust hardware, a locomotion approach that allows for navigating a wide variety of terrains, dexterous manipulation capabilities, and respective user interfaces. We present the CENTAURO system which has been designed for these requirements and consists of the Centauro robot and a set of advanced operator interfaces with complementary strength enabling the system to solve a wide range of realistic mobile manipulation tasks. The robot possesses a centaur-like body plan and is driven by torque-controlled compliant actuators. Four articulated legs ending in steerable wheels allow for omnidirectional driving as well as for making steps. An anthropomorphic upper body with two arms ending in five-finger hands enables human-like manipulation. The robot perceives its environment through a suite of multimodal sensors. The resulting platform complexity goes beyond the complexity of most known systems which puts the focus on a suitable operator interface. An operator can control the robot through a telepresence suit, which allows for flexibly solving a large variety of mobile manipulation tasks. Locomotion and manipulation functionalities on different levels of autonomy support the operation. The proposed user interfaces enable solving a wide variety of tasks without previous task-specific training. The integrated system is evaluated in numerous teleoperated experiments that are described along with lessons learned.
description: Published in: Journal of Field Robotics (JFR), Wiley, 2019
ANALYSIS OF FLEXIBLE ENGEL FUNCTIONS
Creators: name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Green, Richard
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Green, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Box-Cox curves
subject: Engel analysis
subject: Flexible functional forms
subject: Heteroskedasticity

description: Quantifying the relationship between expenditure for a commodity and household income (Engel analysis) has focused on the use of classical functional forms with few rigorous procedures available for selecting the most appropriate function We employ flexible functional forms {Box-Cox curves} to distinguish statistically among classical curves These flexible forms are a natural extension of the class of mathematical models useful for Engel analyses We compare the Box-Cox curves and the traditional functions using the criteria of flexibility, predictive performance, and elasticity behavior The flexible forms are preferred for all but one of the commodities considered
Atomistic investigation of the temperature and size dependence of the energy barrier of CoFeB/MgO nanodots
Creators: name: Meo, Andrea
name: Chepulskyy, Roman
name: Apalkov, Dmytro
name: Chantrell, Roy W.
name: Evans, Richard F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The balance between low power consumption and high efficiency in memory devices is a major limiting factor in the development of new technologies. Magnetic random access memories (MRAM) based on CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have been proposed as candidates to replace the current technology due to their non-volatility, high thermal stability and efficient operational performance. Understanding the size and temperature dependence of the energy barrier and the nature of the transition mechanism across the barrier between stable configurations is a key issue in the development of MRAM. Here we use an atomistic spin model to study the energy barrier to reversal in CoFeB/MgO nanodots to determine the effects of size, temperature and external field. We find that for practical device sizes in the 10-50 nm range the energy barrier has a complex behaviour characteristic of a transition from a coherent to domain wall driven reversal process. Such a transition region is not accessible to simple analytical estimates of the energy barrier preventing a unique theoretical calculation of the thermal stability. The atomistic simulations of the energy barrier give good agreement with experimental measurements for similar systems which are at the state of the art and can provide guidance to experiments identifying suitable materials and MTJ stacks with the desired thermal stability.
Quantum & Classical Eigenfunctions in Calogero & Sutherland Systems
Creators: name: Loris, I.
name: Sasaki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interesting observation was reported by Corrigan-Sasaki that all the frequencies of small oscillations around equilibrium are " quantised" for Calogero and Sutherland (C-S) systems, typical integrable multi-particle dynamics. We present an analytic proof by applying recent results of Loris-Sasaki. Explicit forms of `classical' and quantum eigenfunctions are presented for C-S systems based on any root systems.
description: LaTeX2e 37 pages, references added, typo corrected, a few paragraphs added
INTERRELATED PRODUCTS AND THE EFFECTS OF AN IMPORT TARIFF
Creators: name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Thompson, Robert L.
name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Thompson, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Partial equilibrium analysis
subject: Metzler's Paradox
subject: Cross elasticities
subject: Import tariff
subject: Trade policy

description: This article demonstrates that when a second product is introduced into the traditional single-product, partial equilibrium model, the predictions of the impact of a tariff on prices are no longer determinate In contrast to the traditional single-product partial equilibrium framework in a two-or-more product, partial equilibrium model, an import tariff may raise, lower, or leave unchanged the price in either country examined The empirical result depends on the relationship between own and cross-price elasticities The empirical example developed illustrates these relationships and shows how critical the values of own and cross-price elasticities are to empirical policy analysis
On entanglement capabilities in infinite dimensions or multi-dimensional entangled coherent states
Creators: name: van Enk, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An example is given of an interaction that produces an infinite amount of entanglement in an infinitely short time, but only a finite amount in longer times. The interaction arises from a standard Kerr nonlinearity and a 50/50 beamsplitter, and the initial state is a coherent state. For certain finite interaction times multi-dimensional generalizations of entangled coherent states are generated, for which we construct a teleportation protocol. Similarities between probabilistic teleportation and unambiguous state discrimination are pointed out.
description: 4 pages ReVTeX, 1 figure. Added a proof, plus a reference, plus an acknowledgement, minus a typo
MOESM7 of Dopamine D3 receptor and GSK3β signaling mediate deficits in novel object recognition memory within dopamine transporter knockdown mice
Creators: name: Pi-Kai Chang
name: Chu, Jung
name: Tsai, Ya-Ting
name: Yan-Heng Lai
name: Jin-Chung Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. No effect of D3R inhibition or deletion on Akt phosphorylation in mice mPFC after novelty exposure. (A) Levels of phosphorylation at Akt/s473; (B) total amount of Akt. (n), novelty exposure; (c) control group (n = 10 per group).
Rainfall seasonality changes in northern India across the 4.2 ka event
Creators: name: Giesche, Alena
name: Breitenbach, Sebastian F.M.
name: Marwan, Norbert
name: Hartland, Adam
name: Plessen, Birgit
name: Adkins, Jess F.
name: Haug, Gerald H.
name: French, Amanda
name: Petrie, Cameron A.
name: Hodell, David A.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: Despite intensive research efforts by archaeologists, geomorphologists, and palaeoclimatologists, the climatic and environmental changes accompanying the societal changes in the wider Indus/Thar region c. 4000 years ago remain puzzling. In particular, rainfall seasonality might be an important determinant for societal well-being. A major hurdle to a more detailed understanding of climate-human interaction is the relative scarcity of well-dated and highly resolved proxy records.

We present a multi-proxy record from aragonitic stalagmite DHAR-1 collected in Dharamjali Cave, Uttarakhand, India, that spans c. 1600 years between c. 4.25 and 2.6 ka BP.  The stalagmite has been dated with 13 U/Th dates with average uncertainties of <18 years (2σ). In addition to c. 1600 oxygen and carbon isotope samples, element ratios (X/Ca) were measured using high resolution μXRF and laser ablation ICPMS at 25 μm resolution.  

The DHAR-1 record represents the most precisely dated speleothem record to date from northern India, covering the mid-Holocene 4.2 ka BP event and the millennium thereafter. The attained sub-decadal to seasonal resolution allows robust assessment of both regional and local hydrological changes, and changes in amount and temporal distribution of summer and winter rainfall. 

The speleothem record reveals decadal-scale trends that can be related to changes in seasonality. The δ18O record reveals a 220-year period of weakened ISM from 4.2 to 3.98 ka BP. A contemporaneous increase in δ13C, and decrease in U/Ca, Ba/Ca, and Sr/Ca point to increased prior aragonite precipitation (PAP) resulting from increased aridity above the cave extending throughout the dry season. The ISM intensified after c. 3.7 ka BP while dry seasons remained dry, with a resultant increase in seasonality. Lower PAP after c. 3.4 ka BP can be interpreted as sign of reduced rainfall seasonality.

We compare the results with available records from the wider region, and discuss potential implications of the suggested changes in seasonality for agriculture-based societies.
description: EGUsphere
THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM AND LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS' FOOD PURCHASES
Creators: name: Salathe, Larry E.
name: Salathe, Larry E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Public Economics
subject: Food expenditures
subject: Food Stamp Program
subject: Household income

description: Households participating in the Food Stamp Program increased their food expenditures an average of 10 percent Their food-at-home expenditures rose 19 percent while food-away-from-home expenditures declined 36 percent Increases occurred for cereal and dairy products, eggs, nonalcoholic beverages, pork, poultry, and processed vegetables The Food Stamp Program was estimated to be nearly three times as effective as a cash transfer program in expanding food purchases These conclusions are based in a analysis of the 1972-74 Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey, when the purchase requirement was in effect
Additional file 12 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 12: Fig. S12. Credible shift set inferred from BAMM analysis. The values of f indicate the probabilities of speciation rate shifts in the maximum sampled posterior configuration.
Effects of Relative Price Changes on U.S. Food Sectors, 1967-78
Creators: name: Schluter, Gerald
name: Lee, Gene K.
name: Schluter, Gerald
name: Lee, Gene K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Relative price changes
subject: Parity ratio
subject: Input-output analysis
subject: Food system
subject: Farm sector
subject: Inflation

description: For a half-century the parity ratio has served as the most commonly used measure of the effects of relative price changes on the farm economy The authors present a consistent economic model which measures the price-related income effects of relative price changes in selected sectors of the U.S. economy during the 1967-78 period and use this model to analyse selected sectors within the food system Their model improves and expands upon the parity ratio It provides more detailed information within the farm sector, and it provides conceptually consistent measures of the effects of relative price changes in the nonfarm sectors of the food system
Accuracy of circular polarization as a measure of spin polarization in quantum dot qubits
Creators: name: Pryor, C. E.
name: Flatté, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum dot spin LED provides a test of carrier spin injection into a qubit, as well as a means of analyzing carrier spin injection in general and local spin polarization. The polarization of the observed light is, however, significantly influenced by the dot geometry so the spin may be more polarized than the emitted light would naively suggest. We have calculated carrier polarization-dependent optical matrix elements using 8-band strain-dependent k.p theory for InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) for electron and hole spin injection into a range of quantum dot sizes and shapes, and for arbitrary emission directions. The observed circular polarization does not depend on whether the injected spin-polarized carriers are electrons or holes, but is strongly influenced by the SAQD geometry and emission direction. Calculations for typical SAQD geometries with emission along [110] show light that is only ~5% circularly polarized for spin states that are 100% polarized along [110]. Therefore observed polarizations [Chye et al. PRB 66, 201301(R)] of ~1% imply a spin polarization within the dot of ~20%. We also find that measuring along the growth direction gives near unity conversion of spin to photon polarization, and is the least sensitive to uncertainties in SAQD geometry.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Foldilecanium Kondo 2011
Creators: name: Kondo, Takumasa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coccidae
Foldilecanium

description: Key to separate the known species of Foldilecanium Kondo
 1. Stigmatic setae bulbose and/or spinose with sharp or rounded tips, totaling 3 (rarely 2 or 4) per stigmatic cleft; marginal setae bluntly to sharply spinose.................................................................................................................................................  F. amazonensis Foldi, comb. nov.
 –- Stigmatic setae spinose with rounded tips, totaling 5-7 per stigmatic cleft; marginal setae bluntly spinose, with parallel sides.................................................  F. multisetosus Kondo, sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Kondo, Takumasa, 2011, Transfer of the myrmecophilous soft scale insect Neolecanium amazonensis Foldi to Foldilecanium gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccidae), with description of a new species from Colombia., pp. 1-10 in Insecta Mundi 2011 (167) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5160587
Additional file 1 of Detecting representative characteristics of different genders using intraoral photographs: a deep learning model with interpretation of gradient-weighted class activation mapping
Creators: name: Zhou, Yimei
name: Jiang, Fulin
name: Cheng, Fangyuan
name: Li, Juan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Beating to rotational transition of a clamped active ribbon-like filament
Creators: name: Anand, Shalabh K.
name: Chelakkot, Raghunath
name: Singh, Sunil P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of a clamped ribbon-like filament under a compressive active force using Brownian dynamics simulations. We show that a clamped ribbon-like filament is able to capture beating as well as a rotational motion under the compressive force. The nature of oscillation is governed by the torsional rigidity of the filament. The frequency of oscillation is almost independent of the torsional rigidity. The beating of the filament gives butterfly shape trajectory of the free-end monomer, whereas rotational motion yields a circular trajectory on a plane. The binormal correlation and the principal component analysis reveal the butterfly, elliptical, and circular trajectories of the free end monomer. We present a phase diagram for different kinds of motion in the parameter regime of compressive force and torsional rigidity.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Stochastic Homology of Gaussian vs. non-Gaussian Random Fields: Graphs towards Betti Numbers and Persistence Diagrams
Creators: name: Feldbrugge, Job
name: van Engelen, Matti
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
name: Pranav, Pratyush
name: Vegter, Gert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The topology and geometry of random fields - in terms of the Euler characteristic and the Minkowski functionals - has received a lot of attention in the context of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), as the detection of primordial non-Gaussianities would form a valuable clue on the physics of the early Universe. The virtue of both the Euler characteristic and the Minkowski functionals in general, lies in the fact that there exist closed form expressions for their expectation values for Gaussian random fields. However, the Euler characteristic and Minkowski functionals are summarizing characteristics of topology and geometry. Considerably more topological information is contained in the homology of the random field, as it completely describes the creation, merging and disappearance of topological features in superlevel set filtrations. In the present study we extend the topological analysis of the superlevel set filtrations of two-dimensional Gaussian random fields by analysing the statistical properties of the Betti numbers - counting the number of connected components and loops - and the persistence diagrams - describing the creation and mergers of homological features. Using the link between homology and the critical points of a function - as illustrated by the Morse-Smale complex - we derive a one-parameter fitting formula for the expectation value of the Betti numbers and forward this formalism to the persistent diagrams. We, moreover, numerically demonstrate the sensitivity of the Betti numbers and persistence diagrams to the presence of non-Gaussianities.
The Use and Misuse of Summary Statistics in Regression Analysis
Creators: name: Bishop, Robert V.
name: Bishop, Robert V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Regression analysis
subject: Autocorrelation
subject: Filtering
subject: Summary statistics

description: This article discusses the effect of an autocorrelated error structure on the interpretation of traditional significance tests, especially the t-test and R2 measure It emphasizes first-order serial correlation, a common and often serious problem that researchers using time series data may encounter Even though many of the problems associated with an autocorrelated error structure are well known, many researchers ignore them and report results which range from being potentially misleading to grossly erroneous
Decoupled lithostratigraphy, orbitally-driven climate, and tectonics for a middle Pleistocene stratigraphic section in the Northern Apennines, Italy
Creators: name: Gelwick, Katrina
name: Pazzaglia, Frank
name: Kodama, Kenneth
name: Corbett, Lee
name: Bierman, Paul
name: Caffee, Marc
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: Cyclical patterns in the lithology of terrestrial Pleistocene sedimentary deposits are traditionally interpreted as the result of exogenic interglacial-glacial cycles, with deposition accommodated by constant basin subsidence. Recent challenges to this model propose that autogenic surface processes inherent to hillslope, fluvial, and marine systems can both obscure exogenic signals in the sedimentological record and encode their own quasi-periodic signal that mimics exogenic cyclicity. We used rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphy to test the canonical climate-driven sedimentation model for terrestrial Pleistocene sedimentary cycles against competing tectonic- and autogenic process-modulated sedimentation models with a continuous 60 m exposure of middle Pleistocene fluvial sedimentary cycles located at the edge of the actively subsiding Po foreland basin in the Northern Apennines of Italy. We correlated magnetic susceptibility, sampled at 40 cm intervals, to orbital cyclicity to generate a high-resultion age model anchored by terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) burial ages, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), and magnetostratigraphy. Two new 26Al-10Be burial ages are 160±320 ka and 680±310 ka (2σSE); the age of a third buried sample is consistent with continuous exposure and thus recent burial. We mapped the age model into section lithostratigraphy and then compared to the global benthic δ18O stack to determine whether sedimentary cyclicity coincides with glacial-interglacial cycles. In addition, we calculated paleo-erosion rates based on the 10Be concentration of six samples distributed through the age model and find that they range from 244±23 to 444±52 m/Ma, which bracket the modern TCN-determined erosion rate of the Enza River of 351±40 m/Ma. Results show no clear correlation between lithostratigraphy, glacial-interglacial climate cycles, or paleo-erosion rates, indicating that the stratigraphy is probably not driven by exogenic climate forcing. Rather, based on the decoupling of lithology and paleo-erosion rates and the little variation in paleo-erosion and modern erosion rates (<20%), the cyclicity is best explained by periodic autogenic delta processes in a system where accommodation space in the depositional basin is limited. These findings exemplify the complex interplay of tectonics, climate, and autogenic processes in the generation, transport, and deposition of sediments. Results of this study contribute to the ongoing debate over whether signals generated by large scale, exogenic forcing can survive transport to be preserved in the sedimentary record and help define the temporal and spatial scales at which these processes operate.
description: EGUsphere
Origin of the butterfly magnetoresistance in ZrSiS
Creators: name: Voerman, J. A.
name: Mulder, L.
name: de Boer, J. C.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Schoop, L. M.
name: Li, Chuan
name: Brinkman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZrSiS has been identified as a topological material made from non-toxic and earth-abundant elements. Together with its extremely large and uniquely angle-dependent magnetoresistance this makes it an interesting material for applications. We study the origin of the so-called butterfly magnetoresistance by performing magnetotransport measurements on four different devices made from exfoliated crystalline flakes. We identify near-perfect electron-hole compensation, tuned by the Zeeman effect, as the source of the butterfly magnetoresistance. Furthermore, the observed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are carefully analyzed using the Lifshitz-Kosevich equation to determine their Berry phase and thus their topological properties. Although the link between the butterfly magnetoresistance and the Berry phase remains uncertain, the topological nature of ZrSiS is confirmed.
Advertising, Promotion, and Competition: A Survey with Special Reference to Food
Creators: name: Connor, John M.
name: Connor, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Advertising
subject: Sales promotion
subject: Market structure
subject: Performance
subject: Welfare economics
subject: Consumer choice

description: This article surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on the economics of advertising during the last decade The survey notes several promising advances in theoretical modeling of the role of advertising in consumer choice and social welfare Numerous empirical investigations of food and other consumer products have established relationships between advertising and market structure or performance indictors Less progress was found on selected socioeconomic advertising issues that are difficult for traditional economics to handle
MOESM1 of Nursing home staffâ€™s perspective on end-of-life care of German nursing home residents: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Strautmann, Anke
name: Allers, Katharina
name: Fassmer, Alexander
name: Hoffmann, Falk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. This file contains the original version of the questionnaire used for this study.
Additional file 11 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 11: Fig. S11. Divergence times inferred from BEAST2. The red pentagrams refer to the fossil and secondary calibration points. The white numbers in black circles correspond to those in Fig. 2 and mentioned in the main text. The numbers and blue bars at nodes are divergence times before present and corresponding time intervals in the 95% highest posterior density (HPD).
Finite lattice Bethe ansatz systems and the Heun equation
Creators: name: Dorey, Patrick
name: Suzuki, Junji
name: Tateo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the P"oschl-Teller equation in complex domain and deduce infinite families of TQ and Bethe ansatz equations, classified by four integers. In all these models the form of T is very simple, while Q can be explicitly written in terms of the Heun function. At particular values there is a interesting interpretation in terms of finite lattice spin (L-2)/2 XXZ quantum chain with Delta= cos(pi/L) (for free-free boundary conditions), or Delta=-cos(pi/L) (for periodic boundary conditions). This result generalises the findings of Fridkin, Stroganov and Zagier. We also discuss the continuous (field theory) limit of these systems in view of the so-called ODE/IM correspondence.
description: 18+1 pages, 4 figures, typo corrected, references added
Pore water pressure dynamics in a rock slope adjacent to a retreating valley glacier
Creators: name: Hugentobler, Marc
name: Loew, Simon
name: Roques, Clément
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: Rock slope instabilities normally form through long-term strength degradation of initially stable slopes. The rate of progressive damage accumulation in the rock slope is expected to vary over time depending on the current environmental conditions. It is often assumed that glacial retreat, with its increased dynamics in the thermal and hydraulic boundary conditions in combination with mechanical ice unloading induce stresses that cause increased rock mass damage in adjacent slopes. However, direct field measurements to understand these dynamics and to quantify damage are rare.

In this contribution we present new data of a continuous borehole monitoring system installed in a stable rock slope beside the retreating glacier tongue of the Great Aletsch Glacier (Swiss Alps). Special focus lies on the pore water pressure evolution in order to better understand the origin of the presumably hydro-mechanically forced deformation measured in the study area. We compare data of two borehole pressure sensors installed at 50 m depth in the fractured crystalline rock, pressure fluctuations measured in a sink hole on the glacier close to our study site, and glacial melt water discharge measurements. These data show that the pore pressure variability in the slope is driven by annual snowmelt infiltration cycles, rainfall events, and the connection to the englacial water of the temperate valley glacier. We show that our in-situ measurements provide critical data to improve the understanding of the effects of a retreating valley glacier on the boundary conditions and eventually the stability of an adjacent rock slope.
description: EGUsphere
Decoherence dynamics of entangled quantum states in the $XXX$ central spin model
Creators: name: Wan, Qing-Kun
name: Shi, Hai-Long
name: Zhou, Xu
name: Wang, Xiao-Hui
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maintaining coherence of a qubit is of vital importance for realizing a large-scale quantum computer in practice. In this work, we study the central spin decoherence problem in the $XXX$ central spin model (CSM) and focus on the quantum states with different initial entanglement, namely intra-bath entanglement or system-bath entanglement. We analytically obtain their evolutions of fidelity, entanglement, and quantum coherence. When the initial bath spins constitute an $N$-particle entangled state (the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-bath or the $W$-bath), the leading amplitudes of their fidelity evolutions both scale as $\mathcal O(1/N)$, which is the same as the case of a fully polarized bath. However, when the central spin is maximally entangled with one of the bath spins, the amplitude scaling of its fidelity evolution declines from $\mathcal O(1/N)$ to $\mathcal O(1/N^2)$. That implies appropriate initial system-bath entanglement is contributive to suppress central spin decoherence. In addition, with the help of system-bath entanglement, we realize quantum coherence-enhanced dynamics for the central spin where the consumption of bath entanglement is shown to play a central role.
description: 17 pages, 1 figures
Contextual Realization of the Universal Quantum Cloning Machine and of the Universal-NOT gate by Quantum Injected Optical Parametric Amplification
Creators: name: Pelliccia, D.
name: Schettini, V.
name: Sciarrino, F.
name: Sias, C.
name: De Martini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simultaneous, contextual experimental demonstration of the two processes of cloning an input qubit and of flipping it into the orthogonal qubit is reported. The adopted experimental apparatus, a Quantum-Injected Optical Parametric Amplifier (QIOPA) is transformed simultaneously into a Universal Optimal Quantum Cloning Machine (UOQCM) and into a Universal NOT quantum-information gate. The two processes, indeed forbidden in their exact form for fundamental quantum limitations, will be found to be universal and optimal, i.e. the measured fidelity of both processes F<1 will be found close to the limit values evaluated by quantum theory. A contextual theoretical and experimental investigation of these processes, which may represent the basic difference between the classical and the quantum worlds, can reveal in a unifying manner the detailed structure of quantum information. It may also enlighten the yet little explored interconnections of fundamental axiomatic properties within the deep structure of quantum mechanics. PACS numbers: 03.67.-a, 03.65.Ta, 03.65.Ud
description: 27 pages, 7 figures
The impact of investment in smallholder irrigation schemes on irrigation expansion and crop productivity in Malawi
Creators: name: Nhamo, Luxon
name: Matchaya, Greenwell
name: Nhemachena, Charles
name: Van Koppen, Barbara
name: Nhamo, Luxon
name: Matchaya, Greenwell
name: Nhemachena, Charles
name: Van Koppen, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agriculture
subject: irrigation
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: crop productivity
subject: water resources

description: Reliance on rainfall for agriculture and increased climate change and variability pose growing production risks in developing countries. Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa is dominated by smallholder farmers who depend mainly on rain-fed agriculture, putting food security at both household and national levels at risk, especially in the event of drought. Investment in smallholder irrigation becomes a priority in developing countries if food security and national development goals are to be met, as their economies are agro-based. This study evaluates the impact of investment in smallholder irrigation schemes in Malawi on improving crop production and productivity in comparison with rain-fed agriculture. The area under smallholder irrigation schemes increased from 15 988 ha in 2003 to about 42 986 ha in 2011, contributing immensely to national food production. Irrigated maize production increased from 78 159 tons in 2000 to 544 378 tons in 2013.
Additional file 13 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 13: Fig. S13. Speciation rate and location of rate shift when global sampling probability was 0.0675.
Comprehensive exploitation of seismic data at a debris Fow torrent – Early warning, hazard assessment, parameter estimation
Creators: name: Wenner, Michaela
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Małgorzata, Chmiel
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: McArdell, Brian W.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
Additional file 14 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 14: Fig. S14. Diversification rate inferred from CoMET in TESS. The shaded areas in (a) and (c) indicate 95% confidence intervals of speciation and extinction rates. 2lnBF (the heights of bars) higher than 6 indicate significant speciation rate shift, extinction rate shift, or mass extinction in (b), (d), and (e).