Hipposideros bicolor Temminck 1834
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Hipposideridae
Hipposideros
Hipposideros bicolor

description: 63. Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat <i>Hipposideros bicolor</i> <b>French:</b> Phyllorhine bicolore / <b>German:</b> Zweifarb-Rundblattnase / <b>Spanish:</b> Hiposidérido bicolor <b>Other common names:</b> Bicolored Roundleaf Bat <b>Taxonomy.</b> Rhinolophus bicolor Temminck, 1834, “ Java, Amboina en op Timor.” Restricted by G. H. H. Tate in 1941 to “ Java and Timor.” Hipposideros bicolor was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but is now in the new ater species group. Seven subspecies recognized. <b>Subspecies and Distribution.</b> H. b. bicolor Temminck, 1834 -Borneo, Java, and W Lesser Sunda Is. H.b.atroxK.Andersen,1918—SThailand,MalayPeninsula(includingTarutaoandTiomanIs),Sumatra,andBangkaIs. H.b.erigensLawrence,1939-Philippines(Luzon,Mindoro,andBoholIs)H.b.hilliKitchener,1996—TimorI,ELesserSundas. . H.b.majorK.Andersen,1918-NiasandEngganoIs,offWSumatra. H.b.selatanKitchener,1996—SavuandRotiIs,ELesserSundas. H. b. tanimbarensis Kitchener, 1996 — Tanimbar Is (Selaru). Previous records from Taiwan I, Laos, and Vietnam may prove to be misidentifications and need further verification. <b>Descriptive notes.</b> Forearm 43-48 mm. Noseleaf of the Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat has one thin supplementary leaflet on each side. Anterior leaf is somewhat rounded. Intemarial septum is parallel-sided. Pelage is grayish brown to dark brown, or reddish brown. Skull is small; sagittal crest is moderately developed. P3 is small and extruded from tooth row. Baculum is very small, c. 3 mm in length, with thin, curved shaft with blunt base and bifid tip. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60. <b>Habitat.</b> The Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat forages in forest gaps, and the understory of primary rainforest, dry evergreen and mixed deciduous forests, and secondary forest. It can be found in orchards, rubber and oil-palm plantations near roosting caves. It is abundant in lowland forests in limestone karst habitat and can be found up to 600 m. <b>Food and Feeding.</b> The Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat feeds on small insects in forest gaps and along trails or over water bodies; it feeds in the understory, c. 3 m aboveground. <b>Breeding.</b> In peninsular Thailand, females were found pregnant in March-May and the young with lactating females were observed in late April-June. <b>Activity patterns.</b> The Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in limestone caves, rock crevices, houses, old buildings, underground pipes or hollow trees. Call frequency of the F segment is 127—135 kHz. <b>Movements, Home range and Social organization.</b> Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bats roost in small to large groups, in caves; these can be shared with Kunz’s Leaf-nosed Bats (H. kunzi), Least Leaf-nosed Bats (H. cineraceus), Great Himalayan Leaf-nosed Bats (H. armiger), Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bats (H. larvatus), Diadem Leaf-nosed Bats (W. diadema), Pendlebury’s Leaf-nosed Bats {H. pendleburyi), and also various Rhinolophus species. <b>Status and Conservation.</b> Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat is fairly common and is found in several protected areas. <b>Bibliography.</b> Corbet &amp; Hill (1992), Csorba, Bumrungsri, Francis, Bates &amp; Gumal (2008), Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Soisook, Satasook et al. (2010), Heaney et al. (1998), Kingston et al. (2006), Murray et al. (2018), Phillipps &amp; Phillipps (2016), Simmons (2005), Tate (1941a).
description: Published as part of <i>Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Hipposideridae, pp. 227-258 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 250, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3739808