cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Inapproximability Results for Maximum k-Colorable Subgraph
Creators: name: Guruswami, Venkatesan
name: Sinop, Ali Kemal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the maximization version of the fundamental graph coloring problem. Here the goal is to color the vertices of a k-colorable graph with k colors so that a maximum fraction of edges are properly colored (i.e. their endpoints receive different colors). A random k-coloring properly colors an expected fraction 1-1/k of edges. We prove that given a graph promised to be k-colorable, it is NP-hard to find a k-coloring that properly colors more than a fraction ~1-O(1/k} of edges. Previously, only a hardness factor of 1-O(1/k^2) was known. Our result pins down the correct asymptotic dependence of the approximation factor on k. Along the way, we prove that approximating the Maximum 3-colorable subgraph problem within a factor greater than 32/33 is NP-hard. Using semidefinite programming, it is known that one can do better than a random coloring and properly color a fraction 1-1/k +2 ln k/k^2 of edges in polynomial time. We show that, assuming the 2-to-1 conjecture, it is hard to properly color (using k colors) more than a fraction 1-1/k + O(ln k/ k^2) of edges of a k-colorable graph.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Simulation of quantum optics by coherent state decomposition
Creators: name: Marshall, Jeffrey
name: Anand, Namit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a framework for simulating quantum optics by decomposing the system into a finite rank (number of terms) superposition of coherent states. This allows us to define a resource theory, where linear optical operations are 'free' (i.e., do not increase the rank), and the simulation complexity for an $m$-mode system scales quadratically in $m$, in stark contrast to the Hilbert space dimension. We outline this approach explicitly in the Fock basis, relevant in particular for Boson sampling, where the simulation time (space) complexity for computing output amplitudes, to arbitrary accuracy, scales as $O(m^2 2^n)$ ($O(m2^n)$), for $n$ photons distributed amongst $m$ modes. We additionally demonstrate that linear optical simulations with the $n$ photons initially in the same mode scales efficiently, as $O(m^2 n)$. This paradigm provides a practical notion of 'non-classicality', i.e., the classical resources required for simulation. Moreover, by making connections to the stellar rank formalism, we show this comes from two independent contributions, the number of single-photon additions, and the amount of squeezing.
description: 25+9 pages. 6 figures. V2: Improvements to main text and additional references. V3: Updated to published version; additional discussion in Sect. 3.5, and other minor changes
Understanding Sufism : contextualising the content
Creators: name: Cook, BG
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis addresses the problem of how to interpret Islamic writers without imposing generic frameworks of later and partly Western derivation. It questions the overuse of the category Sufism‚ÄövÑvp which has sometimes been deployed to read anachronistic concerns into Islamic writers. It does so by a detailed study of some of the key works of the 13th century writer Ibn 'Ata' Allah (d. 709/1309). In this way it fills a gap in the learned literature in two ways. Firstly, it examines the legitimacy of prevalent conceptualisations of the category Sufism.‚ÄövÑvp Secondly, it examines the work of one Sufi thinker, and asks in what ways, if any, Western categories may tend to distort its Islamic characteristics. The methodology of the thesis is primarily exegetical, although significant attention is also paid to issues of context. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part One sets up the problem of Sufism as an organizational category in the literature. In doing so, this part introduces the works of Ibn 'Ata' Allah, and justifies the selection from his works for the case study in Part Two. Part Two provides a detailed case study of the works of Ibn 'Ata' Allah. It opens with some of the key issues involved in understanding an Islamic thinker, and gives a brief overview of Ibn 'Ata' Allah's life. This is followed by an examination of materials on topics such as metaphysics, ontology, epistemology, eschatology, ethics, and soteriology. In each case it is suggested that these topics may be misleading unless care is taken not to import Western conceptuality where it is not justified by the texts. Emphasis is placed on the soteriological character of Ibn 'Ata' Allah's writings, to which the Western terms theology‚ÄövÑvp and philosophy‚ÄövÑvp are only partly appropriate. Part Two concludes with a short study of the interaction between Ibn 'Ata' Allah and Ibn Taymiyya designed to illustrate how a less Western conceptual approach may modify aspects of the existing reception of Ibn 'Ata' Allah's thought. The central point of the thesis is that Ibn 'Ata' Allah needs to be reread, taking more account of the Islamic contexts of his work. The thesis does not pretend to settle every issue of interpretation and it only deals with some of Ibn 'Ata' Allah's texts. In arguing for contextual Islamic approaches to Ibn 'Ata' Allah as opposed to the more standard generic readings, such as Ibn 'Ata' Allah as Sufi‚ÄövÑvp or philosopher,‚ÄövÑvp the thesis raises issues relevant not only to Islamic studies, but also to studies in comparative religion generally. While limited by its focus on only one writer, it hopefully may stimulate further research into how Islamic writers may best be studied in ways which respects their religious commitments, while acknowledging the need to relate their work to concepts of Western origin.
Digging Diaries - The House As Old As Stonehenge
Creators: name: Minihan, Denis
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Tristochastic operations and convolutions of quantum states
Creators: name: Bistroń, Rafał
name: Śmiałek, Wojciech
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of convolution of two probability vectors, corresponding to a coincidence experiment can be extended for a family of binary operations determined by (tri)stochastic tensors, to describe Markov chains of a higher order. The problem of associativity, commutativity and the existence of neutral elements and inverses is analyzed for such operations. For a more general setup of multi-stochastic tensors, we present the characterization of their probability eigenvectors. Similar results are obtained for the quantum case: we analyze tristochastic channels, which induce binary operations defined in the space of quantum states. Studying coherifications of tristochastic tensors we propose a quantum analogue of the convolution of probability vectors defined for two arbitrary density matrices of the same size. Possible applications of this notion to construct schemes of error mitigation or building blocks in quantum convolutional neural networks are discussed.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures
My Day of Archeology - internet rules
Creators: name: Pislewska, Alicja
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
VO2 Phase Change Electrodes in Li-ion Batteries
Creators: name: Castro-Pardo, Samuel
name: Puthirath, Anand B.
name: Fan, Shaoxun
name: Saju, Sreehari
name: Yang, Guang
name: Nanda, Jagjit
name: Vajtai, Robert
name: Tang, Ming
name: Ajayan, Pulickel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Use of electrode materials that show phase change behavior and hence drastic changes in electrochemical activity during operation, have not been explored for Li-ion batteries. Here we demonstrate the vanadium oxide (VO2) cathode that undergoes metal-insulator transition due to first-order structural phase transition at accessible temperature of 68°C for battery operation. Using a suitable electrolyte operable across the phase transition range and compatible with vanadium oxide cathodes, we studied the effect of electrode structure change on lithium insertion followed by the electrochemical characteristics above and below the phase transition temperature. The high-temperature VO2 phase shows significantly improved capacitance, enhanced current rate capabilities, improved electrical conductivity and lithium-ion diffusivity compared to the insulating low temperature phase. This opens up new avenues for electrode designs, allowing manipulation of electrochemical reactions around phase transition temperatures, and in particular enhancing electrochemical properties at elevated temperatures contrary to existing classes of battery chemistries that lead to performance deterioration at elevated temperatures.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Casimir effect at nonzero temperature for wedges and cylinders
Creators: name: Ellingsen, Simen Å.
name: Brevik, Iver
name: Milton, Kimball A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Casimir-Helmholtz free energy at nonzero temperature $T$ for a circular cylinder and perfectly conducting wedge closed by a cylindrical arc, either perfectly conducting or isorefractive. The energy expression at nonzero temperature may be regularized to obtain a finite value, except for a singular corner term in the case of the wedge which is present also at zero temperature. Assuming the medium in the interior of the cylinder or wedge be nondispersive with refractive index $n$, the temperature dependence enters only through the non-dimensional parameter $2πnaT$, $a$ being the radius of the cylinder or cylindrical arc. We show explicitly that the known zero temperature result is regained in the limit $aT\to 0$ and that previously derived high temperature asymptotics for the cylindrical shell are reproduced exactly.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary Information from Differential local genetic adaptation to pesticide use in organic and conventional agriculture in an aquatic non-target species
Creators: name: Almeida, Rafaela A.
name: Lemmens, Pieter
name: De Meester, Luc
name: Brans, Kristien I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Word document with supplementary information of the main text. Contains text, figures and tables
Ballintobber Castle dig.
Creators: name: Scott, Frank
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
$P_c$ states and their open-charm decays with the complex scaling method
Creators: name: Lin, Zi-Yang
name: Cheng, Jian-Bo
name: Huang, Bo-Lin
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A partial width formula is proposed using the analytical extension of the wave function in momentum space. The distinction of the Riemann sheets is explained from the perspective of the Schrodinger equation. The analytical form in coordinate space and the partial width are derived subsequently. Then a coupled-channel analysis is performed to investigate the open-charm branching ratios of the $P_c$ states, involving the contact interactions and one-pion-exchange potential with the three-body effects. The low energy constants are fitted using the experimental masses and widths as input. The $P_c(4312)$ is found to decay mainly to $Λ_c\bar{D}^*$, while the branching ratios of the $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ in different channels are comparable. Under the reasonable assumption that the off-diagonal contact interactions are small, the $J^P$ quantum numbers of the $P_c(4440)$ and the $P_c(4457)$ prefer $\frac{1}{2}^-$ and $\frac{3}{2}^-$ respectively. Three additional $P_c$ states at 4380 MeV, 4504 MeV and 4516 MeV, together with their branching ratios, are predicted. A deduction of the revised one-pion-exchange potential involving the on-shell three-body intermediate states is performed.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Hybridizing Physical and Data-driven Prediction Methods for Physicochemical Properties
Creators: name: Jirasek, Fabian
name: Bamler, Robert
name: Mandt, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a generic way to hybridize physical and data-driven methods for predicting physicochemical properties. The approach `distills' the physical method's predictions into a prior model and combines it with sparse experimental data using Bayesian inference. We apply the new approach to predict activity coefficients at infinite dilution and obtain significant improvements compared to the data-driven and physical baselines and established ensemble methods from the machine learning literature.
description: Published version
A Density Matrix-based Algorithm for Solving Eigenvalue Problems
Creators: name: Polizzi, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new numerical algorithm for solving the symmetric eigenvalue problem is presented. The technique deviates fundamentally from the traditional Krylov subspace iteration based techniques (Arnoldi and Lanczos algorithms) or other Davidson-Jacobi techniques, and takes its inspiration from the contour integration and density matrix representation in quantum mechanics. It will be shown that this new algorithm - named FEAST - exhibits high efficiency, robustness, accuracy and scalability on parallel architectures. Examples from electronic structure calculations of Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are presented, and numerical performances and capabilities are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Light at the end of the (Glenfield Railway) tunnel
Creators: name: Wells, Helen
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Calculations of Nonlinear Wave-Packet Interferometry Signals in the Pump-Probe Limit as Tests for Vibrational Control over Electronic Excitation Transfer
Creators: name: Biggs, Jason D.
name: Cina, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preceding paper describes a strategy for externally influencing the course of short-time electronic excitation transfer (EET) in molecular dimers and observing the process by nonlinear wave-packet interferometry (nl-WPI). Within a sample of isotropically oriented dimers having a specified internal geometry, a vibrational mode internal to the acceptor chromophore can be preferentially driven by electronically nonresonant impulsive stimulated Raman (or resonant infrared) excitation with a short polarized control pulse. A subsequent electronically resonant polarized pump then preferentially excites the donor, and EET ensues. Here we test both the control strategy and its spectroscopic investigation-with some sacrifice of amplitude-level detail-by calculating the pump-probe difference signal. That signal is the limiting case of the control-influenced nl-WPI signal in which the two pulses in the pump pulse-pair coincide, as do the two pulses in the probe pulse-pair. We present calculated pump-probe difference signals for (1) a model excitation-transfer complex in which two equal-energy monomers each support one moderately Franck-Condon active intramolecular vibration; (2) a simplified model of the covalent dimer dithia-anthracenophane, representing its EET dynamics following selective impulsive excitation of the weakly Franck-Condon active anthracene vibration at 385 cm-1; and (3) a model complex featuring moderate electronic-vibrational coupling in which the site energy of the acceptor chromophore is lower than that of the donor.
Making that connection
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Adam
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Field tolerances associated with some resonances in the triumf cyclotron
Creators: name: Bolduc, Jean Louis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is concerned with tolerances for magnetic field imperfections in the TRIUMF cyclotron set by the betatron oscillation resonances v[formula omitted] = 1.0, v[formula omitted] – v[formula omitted] = 1.0 and v[formula omitted] = 1.5. These resonances, encountered during acceleration, can lead to undesirable growth in the amplitudes of the betatron oscillations. We first derive equations of motion that take into account non-linear terms and field imperfections, and show how resonance conditions may occur. These conditions were simulated in our orbit codes and numerical calculations were made to determine the tolerances they impose on the magnetic field. We have made a detailed investigation of the effect on the behaviour of the beam of first harmonic bumps at radii less than 150 in. The first harmonic tolerance of 0.1 G to produce an increase in the radial amplitude of 0.1 in. is in agreement with analytical calculations. We have also shown that this tolerance, too small to be seen in the magnetic field survey, may be achieved by suitable adjustments in the harmonic coil settings. Tolerances on the second harmonic imperfection are also presented. To determine the tolerances set by the coupled resonance v[formula omitted] – v[formula omitted] = 1.0, we have simulated a first harmonic twist in the median plane. The results show that, for high current poor resolution experiments, the magnitude of the twist on entering the resonance is of no importance, provided the amplitudes of the radial and vertical betatron oscillations are not much larger than the estimate of 0.2 in. For high resolution experiments, the tolerances on the slope of the twist are of the order of a few mrad. Analytical estimates of these tolerances are also presented. Finally, we have determined that the v[formula omitted] = 1.5 resonance sets an upper limit to the gradient of the third harmonic of about 0.2 G/in., which produces a 20% increase in the radial betatron amplitude.
Jon Chandler: The day to day assessment of our cities
Creators: name: White, Steve
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Interpreting dark matter solution for $B-L$ gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Van Dong, Phung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the solution for $B-L$ gauge symmetry with $B-L=-4,-4,+5$ assigned for three right-handed neutrinos respectively, reveals a novel scotogenic mechanism with implied matter parity for neutrino mass generation and dark matter stability. Additionally, the world with two-component dark matter is hinted.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; Matches published version in PRD
MATCHA: A Fast and Energy-Efficient Accelerator for Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the Torus
Creators: name: Jiang, Lei
name: Lou, Qian
name: Joshi, Nrushad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the Torus (TFHE) allows arbitrary computations to happen directly on ciphertexts using homomorphic logic gates. However, each TFHE gate on state-of-the-art hardware platforms such as GPUs and FPGAs is extremely slow ($>0.2ms$). Moreover, even the latest FPGA-based TFHE accelerator cannot achieve high energy efficiency, since it frequently invokes expensive double-precision floating point FFT and IFFT kernels. In this paper, we propose a fast and energy-efficient accelerator, MATCHA, to process TFHE gates. MATCHA supports aggressive bootstrapping key unrolling to accelerate TFHE gates without decryption errors by approximate multiplication-less integer FFTs and IFFTs, and a pipelined datapath. Compared to prior accelerators, MATCHA improves the TFHE gate processing throughput by $2.3\times$, and the throughput per Watt by $6.3\times$.
description: 6 pages
The Circumbinary Outflow: A Protostellar Outflow Driven by a Circumbinary Disk
Creators: name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
name: Matsumoto, Tomoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The protostellar outflows have indispensable role in the formation of single stars, because they carry off the excess angular momentum from the centre of the shrinking gas cloud, and permits further collapse to form a star. On the other hand, a significant fraction of stars is supposed to be born as binaries with circumbinary disk that are frequently observed. Here, we investigate the evolution of a magnetized rotating cloud using three-dimensional resistive MHD nested-grid code, and show that the outflow is driven by the circumbinary disk and has an important role even in the binary formation. After the adiabatic core formation in the collapsing cloud core, the magnetic flux is significantly removed from the centre of the cloud by the Ohmic dissipation. Since this removal makes the magnetic braking ineffective, the adiabatic core continuously acquires the angular momentum to induce fragmentation and subsequent binary formation. The magnetic field accumulates in the circumbinary disk where the removal and accretion of magnetic field are balanced, and finally drives circumbinary outflow. This result explains the spectacular morphology of some specific young stellar objects such as L1551 IRS5. We can infer that most of the bipolar molecular outflows observed by low density tracers (i.e., CO) would correspond to circumbinary or circum-multiple outflows found in this report, since most of the young stellar objects are supposed to be binaries or multiples.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to ApJL. For high resolution figures see http://www2-tap.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~machidam/astro-ph/Circumbinary.pdf
The Riddle of the Sphinx: Why President Sisi Fears the Election
Creators: name: Springborg, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Politics of Egypt
MENA region
geopolitics
presidential elections
Foreing policy

description: This publication is part of the MENARA Future Notes series which in the form of policy briefs analyse ongoing events in the SEMCs and Middle East region, emphasising the implications for the EU, suggesting the best policy options and assessing plausible and preferable future scenarios.

This number focuses on Egypt politics and the riddle posed by President Sisi’s words and behaviour. Why is President Sisi so politically insecure if his regime is performing as well as he claims? Although threats of terrorism and widespread anti-regime violence appear to be receding, the political crackdown, including upon potential candidates for the upcoming presidential election, has intensified. This reflects Sisi’s vulnerability not to terrorism, but to political reactions against his economic policies. The yawning gap between the regime’s rhetoric of economic success and the reality as lived by most Egyptians could easily be exploited by a presidential challenger, or give wide to widespread protests. The prospects for significant economic improvement are limited for both structural and ephemeral reasons. The president, therefore, will remain Sphinx-like, fearful of entrusting others with political or economic responsibilities, thereby further impeding significant economic improvement that is the necessary but not sufficient condition for a political opening under his leadership.
Cuspidal $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-modules and deformations of certain Brauer tree algebras
Creators: name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Stroppel, Catharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10

description: We show that the algebras describing blocks of the category of cuspidal weight (respectively generalized weight) $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-modules are one-parameter (respectively multi-parameter) deformations of certain Brauer tree algebras. We explicitly determine these deformations both graded and ungraded. The algebras we deform also appear as special centralizer subalgebras of Temperley-Lieb algebras or as generalized Khovanov algebras. They show up in the context of highest weight representations of the Virasoro algebra, in the context of rational representations of the general linear group and Schur algebras and in the study of the Milnor fiber of Kleinian singularities.
description: 36 pages
My career is in ruins
Creators: name: Reavill, Peter
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Comparing different freeze-out scenarios in azimuthal hadron correlations induced by fast partons
Creators: name: Neufeld, R. Bryon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the linearized hydrodynamical treatment of a fast parton traversing a perturbative quark-gluon plasma. Using numerical solutions for the medium's response to the fast parton, I obtain the medium's distribution function which is then used in a Cooper-Frye freeze-out prescription to obtain an azimuthal particle spectrum. Two different freeze-out scenarios are considered which yield significantly different results. I conclude that any meaningful comparison of azimuthal hadron correlation functions to RHIC data requires implementing a realistic freeze-out scenario in an expanding medium.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings for 2008 Hot Quarks in Estes Park, CO, as accepted for publication in EPJ-C
Flying high: work experience with Shropshire HER
Creators: name: Carey, Giles
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Designing Word Filter Tools for Creator-led Comment Moderation
Creators: name: Jhaver, Shagun
name: Chen, Quan Ze
name: Knauss, Detlef
name: Zhang, Amy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.2

description: Online social platforms centered around content creators often allow comments on content, where creators moderate the comments they receive. As creators can face overwhelming numbers of comments, with some of them harassing or hateful, platforms typically provide tools such as word filters for creators to automate aspects of moderation. From needfinding interviews with 19 creators about how they use existing tools, we found that they struggled with writing good filters as well as organizing and revisiting their filters, due to the difficulty of determining what the filters actually catch. To address these issues, we present FilterBuddy, a system that supports creators in authoring new filters or building from existing filter lists, as well as organizing their filters and visualizing what comments are captured over time. We conducted an early-stage evaluation of FilterBuddy with YouTube creators, finding that participants see FilterBuddy not just as a moderation tool, but also a means to organize their comments to better understand their audiences.
description: to be published in CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22)
Objectives of platform research: A co-citation and systematic literature review analysis
Creators: name: Schueler, Fabian
name: Petrik, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Business economics research on digital platforms often overlooks existing knowledge from other fields of research leading to conceptual ambiguity and inconsistent findings. To reduce these restrictions and foster the utilization of the extensive body of literature, we apply a mixed methods design to summarize the key findings of scientific platform research. Our bibliometric analysis identifies 14 platform-related research fields. Conducting a systematic qualitative content analysis, we identify three primary research objectives related to platform ecosystems: (1) general literature defining and unifying research on platforms; (2) exploitation of platform and ecosystem strategies; (3) improvement of platforms and ecosystems. Finally, we discuss the identified insights from a business economics perspective and present promising future research directions that could enhance business economics and management research on digital platforms and platform ecosystems.
description: ZfbF Sonderheft 75/20 (Schmalenbach Business Review)
Pitfalls in Link Prediction with Graph Neural Networks: Understanding the Impact of Target-link Inclusion & Better Practices
Creators: name: Zhu, Jing
name: Zhou, Yuhang
name: Ioannidis, Vassilis N.
name: Qian, Shengyi
name: Ai, Wei
name: Song, Xiang
name: Koutra, Danai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are remarkably successful in a variety of high-impact applications, we demonstrate that, in link prediction, the common practices of including the edges being predicted in the graph at training and/or test have outsized impact on the performance of low-degree nodes. We theoretically and empirically investigate how these practices impact node-level performance across different degrees. Specifically, we explore three issues that arise: (I1) overfitting; (I2) distribution shift; and (I3) implicit test leakage. The former two issues lead to poor generalizability to the test data, while the latter leads to overestimation of the model's performance and directly impacts the deployment of GNNs. To address these issues in a systematic way, we introduce an effective and efficient GNN training framework, SpotTarget, which leverages our insight on low-degree nodes: (1) at training time, it excludes a (training) edge to be predicted if it is incident to at least one low-degree node; and (2) at test time, it excludes all test edges to be predicted (thus, mimicking real scenarios of using GNNs, where the test data is not included in the graph). SpotTarget helps researchers and practitioners adhere to best practices for learning from graph data, which are frequently overlooked even by the most widely-used frameworks. Our experiments on various real-world datasets show that SpotTarget makes GNNs up to 15x more accurate in sparse graphs, and significantly improves their performance for low-degree nodes in dense graphs.
description: Extended Version of our WSDM'24 paper. 8 pages, 2 page appendix
Work distribution in manipulated single biomolecules
Creators: name: Imparato, A.
name: Peliti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider the relation between the microscopic and effective descriptions of the unfolding experiment on a model polypeptide. We evaluate the probability distribution function of the performed work by Monte Carlo simulations and compare it with that obtained by evaluating the work distribution generating function on an effective Brownian motion model tailored to reproduce exactly the equilibrium properties. The agreement is satisfactory for fast protocols, but deteriorates for slower ones, hinting at the existence of processes on several time scales even in such a simple system.
description: To appear in Physical Biology, Special issue: Polymer physics of the cell
God Amend Thee, Sinner...
Creators: name: Moore, Declan
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Enhancing the Reliability of Urea Pumps in Fertilizer Production Lines through Exponential Reliability Analysis
Creators: name: Michael, Johnson
name: Emily, Carter
name: William, Anderson
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Reliability, Improvement, Urea Pump, Fertilizer, Exponential Analysis.

description: This research aimed at improving the reliability of the urea pump of a fertilizer production line at Urea Plant of Notore Chemical Industry Limited, Onne, Rivers State, Nigeria, using reliability exponential analysis.The investigation of the constraints associated with the performance of the fertilizer production line by analysis of maintenance log revealed that the pump was the most frequently failed critical component. Failure data of the urea pump, evaporator, scrubber and condenser were obtained from logged maintenance activities, which were used to carry out reliability analysis using exponential failure distribution model for a period of five years (2014 to 2018). Thereafter, triple redundancy was introduced to have enhance a balanced pressure and act as backup when failure occurs and consequently prevent breakdown. Also, a pressure monitors with an alarm system had been installed for immediate switchover to avoid sudden breakdown and equally reduce change over time prior to corrective maintenance. Results of reliability analysis carried out showed that reliability decreased from 64% to 30% from 2014 to 2018. However, after improvement strategies with redundant pumps, reliability for each year improved thus, 2014, 22%, 2015 35%, 2016, 36%, 2017, 35%, 2018, 34% respectively. This gives an average of 32.4% increase across the years. Conclusively, Preemptive maintenance strategy was adopted by planning maintenance schedule to coincide with idling time or shut down period to minimize losses from breakdown or corrective maintenance
Living on the edge : saltmarsh spiders and beetles
Creators: name: Aalders, John
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Saltmarshes are an intriguing ecotone representing the transition between the marine and terrestrial environments. Much is understood in terms of zonation and vegetation communities in saltmarshes, however considerably less is understood about their edaphic factors. In Australian saltmarshes, terrestrial arthropod fauna and factors that determine invertebrate assemblages are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to understand the factors that influence the presence of epigeal spiders and beetles in a coastal saltmarsh. The chosen site at Long Point, a saltmarsh on Tasmania's east coast, included adjacent woodland which enabled expansion of the study to incorporate a full environmental gradient. Moisture, salinity and pH gradients were analysed alongside vegetation community structure. During the 12 month study period 5 606 spiders (37 taxa) and 1 165 beetles (84 taxa) were caught in 141 pitfall traps. Indicator species (spider and beetle) were identified for each vegetation community within the saltmarsh zone and adjacent woodland zone. Spiders and beetles reacted in a similar fashion to edaphic factors and vegetation species. However, the sequential order of importance for spiders was moisture, salinity and vegetation, whereas, the response order for beetles was moisture, vegetation and salinity. Further investigation into the interaction between saltmarsh vegetation species and spider and beetle species will assist in our endeavours to understand the loss or gain of arthropod species due to climate change and sea-level rise.