cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of The origin and underlying driving forces of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
Creators: name: Shu-Miaw Chaw
name: Jui-Hung Tai
name: Shi-Lun Chen
name: Chia-Hung Hsieh
name: Sui-Yuan Chang
name: Shiou-Hwei Yeh
name: Wei-Shiung Yang
name: Pei-Jer Chen
name: Wang, Hurng-Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. The neighbor-joining tree of SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses constructed by concatenating coding sequences based on the Kimura 2-parameter model implemented in MEGA-X. Supplementary Figure 2. Unrooted neighbor-joining tree of SARS-CoV-2 constructed by concatenating coding sequences based on the Kimura 2-parameter model implemented in MEGA-X. Non-singleton changes are shown along the branches. The location of each sequence is given (above the slash) followed by its sampling date (below the slash). For multiple sequences sampled on the same date from the same location, the index, a, b, c, d, and etc. is given. Details are listed in Supplementary Table 2. Supplementary Figure 3. Frequency spectra of SARS-CoV-2 carrying 84 L (n = 98) (A) and 84S (n = 39) (B) in orf8 protein. The direction of changes was cross-referenced with the haplotype network shown in Fig. 2
Algorithms for quantum simulation at finite energies
Creators: name: Lu, Sirui
name: Bañuls, Mari Carmen
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce two kinds of quantum algorithms to explore microcanonical and canonical properties of many-body systems. The first one is a hybrid quantum algorithm that, given an efficiently preparable state, computes expectation values in a finite energy interval around its mean energy. This algorithm is based on a filtering operator, similar to quantum phase estimation, which projects out energies outside the desired energy interval. However, instead of performing this operation on a physical state, it recovers the physical values by performing interferometric measurements without the need to prepare the filtered state. We show that the computational time scales polynomially with the number of qubits, the inverse of the prescribed variance, and the inverse error. In practice, the algorithm does not require the evolution for long times, but instead a significant number of measurements in order to obtain sensible results. Our second algorithm is a quantum-assisted Monte Carlo sampling method to compute other quantities which approach the expectation values for the microcanonical and canonical ensembles. Using classical Monte Carlo techniques and the quantum computer as a resource, this method circumvents the sign problem that is plaguing classical Quantum Monte Carlo simulations, as long as one can prepare states with suitable energies. All algorithms can be used with small quantum computers and analog quantum simulators, as long as they can perform the interferometric measurements. We also show that this last task can be greatly simplified at the expense of performing more measurements.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures; v3: a new schematic and other minor improvements and corrections
Supplementary document for Ultra-broadband UV/VIS spectroscopy enabled by resonant dispersive wave emission of a frequency comb - 7343191.pdf
Creators: name: Kirchner, Adrian
name: Eber, Alexander
name: Fürst, Lukas
name: Hruska, Emily
name: Frosz, Michael
name: Tani, Francesco
name: Bernhardt, Birgitta
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Correction of concentration variations.
Food Demand Analysis: A New Approach
Creators: name: Di Giuseppe, Stefania
name: Di Giuseppe, Stefania
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Utility Theory
subject: Demand Analysis
subject: Food
subject: Macronutrients
subject: Micronutrients
subject: Malnutrition.

description: In this paper a method to examine how households make their food choice considering micronutrients through utility theory is applied. The findings support the argument that nutrients play an important roles in the demand for food. The method is illustrated using the raw data EIH 2000/2001 (Enquesta Integrata de Hogares) for a set of different food groups.
The Effect of Alternative Nutrition Menu Labels on Children’s Meals Purchases and Parent-Child Decision-Making
Creators: name: Holmes, Ashley
name: Serrano, Elena
name: Davis, George C.
name: Holmes, Ashley
name: Serrano, Elena
name: Davis, George C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Children are one subpopulation that have seen a threefold increase in obesity over the last two decades but have received no attention in the menu labeling literature. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different menu labeling formats on purchases of children’s meals and parent-child decision-making at a family-oriented restaurant. The intervention consists of five children’s menus featuring six bundled, nutritionally diverse, and equally priced combinations that are implemented over about a year. Accompanying each menu is a survey postcard collecting information on the parent-child decision process in choosing the item. This is ongoing research and all data is not in but at this point, the very early evidence points toward child-menu labeling having very little impact on food choices and caloric intake. This result is likely due to low parental involvement in the decision process given that children are the main ones deciding what to eat.
Illeis koebelei Timberlake 1943
Creators: name: POORANI, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Illeis
Illeis koebelei

description: 77. koebelei Timberlake, 1943
Distribution: India (Assam); Japan; Taiwan; China.
description: Published as part of POORANI, J., 2023, An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 5332 (1) on page 283, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8261502
The E895 pion correlation analysis -- a status report
Creators: name: Lisa, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a large solid-angle Time Projection Chamber (TPC), the E895 collaboration has measured charged particles emitted from Au+Au collisions at 2, 4, 6, and 8 AGeV at the Brookhaven AGS. Focussing on two-track acceptance corrections, the current status of the E895 pi-minus HBT analysis is presented. Preliminary one dimensional correlation functions for the 2 and 4 AGeV data are presented, and future plans are discussed.
description: This is a very early (1998) E895 HBT status report, posted now for archiving details on merging/splitting, though several details were later improved
Identifying the Huse-Fisher universality class of the three-state chiral Potts model
Creators: name: Nyckees, Samuel
name: Colbois, Jeanne
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the corner-transfer matrix renormalization group approach, we revisit the three-state chiral Potts model on the square lattice, a model proposed in the eighties to describe commensurate-incommensurate transitions at surfaces, and with direct relevance to recent experiments on chains of Rydberg atoms. This model was suggested by Huse and Fisher to have a chiral transition in the vicinity of the Potts point, a possibility that turned out to be very difficult to definitely establish or refute numerically. Our results confirm that the transition changes character at a Lifshitz point that separates a line of Pokrosky-Talapov transition far enough from the Potts point from a line of direct continuous order-disorder transition close to it. Thanks to the accuracy of the numerical results, we have been able to base the analysis entirely on effective exponents to deal with the crossovers that have hampered previous numerical investigations. The emerging picture is that of a new universality class with exponents that do not change between the Potts point and the Lifshitz point, and that are consistent with those of a self-dual version of the model, namely correlation lengths exponents $ν_x=2/3$ in the direction of the asymmetry and $ν_y=1$ perpendicular to it, an incommensurability exponent $\bar β=2/3$, a specific heat exponent that keeps the value $α=1/3$ of the three-state Potts model, and a dynamical exponent $z=3/2$. These results are in excellent agreement with experimental results obtained on reconstructed surfaces in the nineties, and shed light on recent Kibble-Zurek experiments on the period-3 phase of chains of Rydberg atoms.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Vortex Tunneling and Transport Theory In Two-Dimensional Bose Condensates
Creators: name: Auerbach, Assa
name: Arovas, Daniel P.
name: Ghosh, Sankalpa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunneling rate t_v of a vortex between two pinning sites (of strength V separated by d) is computed using the Bogoliubov expansion of vortex wavefunctions overlap. For BCS vortices, tunneling is suppressed beyond a few Fermi wavelengths. For Bose condensates, t_v = V exp(- pi n_s d^2/2), where n_s is the boson density. The analogy between vortex hopping in a superconducting film and 2D electrons in a perpendicular magnetic field is exploited. We derive the variable range hopping temperature, below which vortex tunneling contributes to magneto-resistance. Using the 'Quantum Hall Insulator' analogy we argue that the -Hall conductivity- (rather than the inverse Hall resistivity) measures the effective carrier density in domains of mobile vortices. Details of vortex wavefunctions and overlap calculations, and a general derivation of the Magnus coefficient for any wavefunction on the sphere, are provided in appendices.
description: A revised manuscript, including new predictions for observing vortex tunneling effects in cold atoms and superconducting films
Modulation of dephasing due to a spin-boson environment
Creators: name: Paladino, E.
name: Sassetti, M.
name: Falci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reduced dynamics of a spin (qubit) coupled to a spin-boson environment in the case of pure dephasing. We derive formal exact expressions which can be cast in terms of exact integro-differential master equations. We present results for a SB environment with ohmic dissipation at finite temperatures. For the special value of the ohmic damping strength K=1/2 the reduced dynamics is found in analytic form. For K<<1 we discuss the possibility of modulating the effect of the SB environment on the qubit. In particular we study the effect of the crossover to a slow environment dynamics, which may be triggered by changing both the temperature and the system-environment coupling.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, Chemical Physics special issue on the Spin-Boson problem, edited by H. Grabert and A. Nitzan
Using a transdisciplinary approach to assess food security issues in the North American Great Plains
Creators: name: Rolfe, J. Terry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Addressed within ethical, economic, nutritional and political arenas, food security is commonly associated with inadequate and inequitable food distribution in areas with chronic poverty and food shortages. Given increasing climatic volatility, the ability to provide food on a local basis necessitates the prudent management of agri-food systems worldwide. To pursue this precautionary course, it is necessary to better understand the socio-economic dimensions of agricultural sustainability and the synergistic role of regions with respect to resilience, adaptation, and innovation. Progress made towards the goal of community sustainability cannot be adequately assessed without comprehensive benchmarks of production areas; these benchmarks are needed such that production methods, strategies, policies and technological options can be properly evaluated. This thesis provides the first known attempt to reconcile North American agricultural and socio-economic census detail within a transborder, tiered ecological framework. A standard statistical approach proves compatible for exploring the complex linkages between land use, production activity, socio-conomic relationships and motivations. This thesis asks: what insights can a transdisciplinary approach provide for viewing food security within this broader scope of agricultural sustainability? As demonstrated here, this framework can be used not only to link interdependent social and ecological systems, but to overcome terminological, conceptual and ideological barriers associated with polarized disciplinary positions. It also proves useful for drawing upon interpretive information typically viewed as "outside" of scientific inquiry, demonstrating the merits of the mixed qualitative and quantitative method. As illustrated by a case study of Great Plains temperate agricultural production, this approach helps put the "culture" back in agriculture, while investigating how constraints on adaptation are linked to broader, dynamically discordant socio-economic processes played out in settlement patterns, environmental activism, and material production and exchange.
Describing the macroscopic behavior of surfaces based on atomistic models
Creators: name: Sievers, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Homogenization
subject: Thermoelastic
subject: Surface modelling
subject: Finite-element implementation
subject: Material surface
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Homogenisierung
subject: Thermoelastizität
subject: Mathematische Modellierung
subject: Finite-Elemente-Methode
subject: Werkstoff
subject: Oberfläche

description: Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Modellierung von Grenz- und Oberﬂächen. Ein neuartiger Multiskalen-Modellierungsrahmen, basierend auf molekulardynamischen Simulationen, dient zur Bestimmung von Materialeigenschaften freier Oberﬂächen auf der Makroskala. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt dafür ist die Entwicklung eines thermodynamisch konsistenten Homogenisierungsansatzes auf Basis des Prinzips der Energieminimierung. Dabei werden die Parameter, welche die Energie auf der Makroskala beschreiben, aus dem Vergleich mit der Energie auf der atomistischen Skala ermittelt. Dieser Homogenisierungsansatz wird zudem auch auf thermoelastische Materialien erweitert. Danach liegt der Fokus auf einer kontinuumsmechanischen Modellierung von Oberﬂächen und einer starken Kopplung zwischen der Physik des Bulk- und Oberﬂächenmaterials. Dazu wird die Oberﬂächenverzerrung direkt aus der grundlegenden, dreidimensionalen Verzerrung des Bulkmaterials bestimmt. Dieses Vorgehen wird anhand zweier Ansätze implementiert. Schließlich wird für beide Ansätze eine numerische Implementierung in die Finite-Elemente Methode hergeleitet.
description: This work describes the modeling of interface and surface materials. A novel multiscale framework determines continuum material properties of free surfaces on the macroscale based on molecular dynamics simulations. A key aspect is the derivation of a thermodynamically consistent homogenization approach by the principle of energy minimization. The parameters describing the energy on the macroscale are determined from the comparison with the corresponding energy on the atomistic scale. In addition, this Ritz-homogenization approach is enlarged to thermoelastic materials. Afterwards, the work focuses on the continuum mechanically surface modeling and a strong coupling between bulk and surface physics. To be more precise, the surface deformation is directly determined from the underlying three-dimensional bulk deformation. Therefore, two approaches of the surface deformation are implemented. Finally, a numerical implementation of both approaches in a ﬁnite-element framework is derived.
description: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Mechanik ; 2020,2
The effect of Cu on irradiation-induced growth mechanisms in Zr alloys following neutron irradiation
Creators: name: Andrew, Callum
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Zirconium Alloys
Transmission Electron Microscopy
X-ray Diffraction Line Profile Analysis
Nuclear Energy
Copper

description: Irradiation-induced growth (IIG) limits fuel assembly lifespan, which is driven by  type dislocation loops with b = 1/3<11-20> and  type dislocation loops with b = 1/6<20-23>.

Copper (Cu) is becoming more common as an alloying addition in zirconium (Zr). However, there is limited research on the behaviour of Cu in Zr alloys, particularly surrounding IIG effects following irradiation.

The recrystalised Zr-Nb-Sn-Cu-Fe W13 alloy developed by Westinghouse Electric Company was proton irradiated at the Dalton Cumbria Facility and neutron irradiated in the BOR-60 research reactor. The purpose of this study was to understand the behaviour of Cu in the W13 alloy following irradiation, particularly how Cu influenced microstructural and dislocation loop evolution.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA LIBERALIZAÇÃO DOS MERCADOS AGRÍCOLAS MUNDIAIS PARA A ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA
Creators: name: Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
name: Santos, Maurinho Luiz Dos
name: Lima, Jandir Ferrera De
name: Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
name: Santos, Maurinho Luiz Dos
name: Lima, Jandir Ferrera De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: liberalização
subject: agronegócio
subject: crescimento econômico
subject: Brasil
subject: EUA
subject: liberalization
subject: agribusiness
subject: economic growth
subject: Brazil
subject: the USA

description: O protecionismo no mercado agrícola mundial foi assunto deixado à margem das negociações multilaterais de comércio até a Rodada Uruguai. Ademais, mesmo com sua inclusão nessa rodada de negociações os resultados foram aquém do esperado. Assim, a discussão sobre o fechamento de um acordo agrícola se transformou em tema importante nos fóruns de negociações multilaterais da OMC. O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar e comparar o grau de importância dos setores agroindústrias na geração de crescimento econômico no Brasil e nos EUA. Para isso, usaram-se as matrizes de insumo-produto de Brasil e EUA, através das quais foram estimados os índices de Rasmussen-Hirschman e os índices puros de ligação. Os resultados mostram que setores da agricultura, pecuária e agronegócio são importantes para a geração do crescimento econômico, tanto no Brasil como nos EUA. Constatou-se ainda, que esses setores têm maior capacidade de geração de crescimento na economia brasileira do que na norte-americana. Portanto, embora os setores agroindustriais sejam importantes para países desenvolvidos como os EUA sua importância é magnificada em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, permitindo inferir que o maior acesso aos mercados agrícolas mundiais poderia estimular a expansão desses setores na economia brasileira e, por conseguinte estimular o crescimento econômico.
Additional file 1 of Current practice in analysing and reporting binary outcome data—a review of randomised controlled trial reports
Creators: name: Rombach, Ines
name: Knight, Ruth
name: Peckham, Nicholas
name: Stokes, Jamie R.
name: Cook, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Summary of search strategy and papers identified.
Instantons, Poisson structures and generalized Kaehler geometry
Creators: name: Hitchin, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C55;53D17

description: Using the idea of a generalized Kaehler structure, which is a pair of commuting generalized complex structures, we construct bihermitian metrics on the projective plane and the product of two projective lines, and show that any such structure on a compact 4-manifold M defines one on the moduli space of anti-self-dual connections on a fixed principal bundle over M. We highlight the role of holomorphic Poisson structures in all these constructions.
description: 42 pages
LAND REFORM AND DEFORESTATION IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA
Creators: name: Araujo, Claudio
name: Bonjean, Catherine Araujo
name: Combes, Jean Louis
name: Motel, Pascal Combes
name: Reis, Eustaquio Jose
name: Araujo, Claudio
name: Bonjean, Catherine Araujo
name: Combes, Jean Louis
name: Motel, Pascal Combes
name: Reis, Eustaquio Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: reforma agrária
subject: desflorestamento
subject: insegurança dos direitos de propriedade
subject: econometria de painel
subject: Land reform
subject: Deforestation
subject: land tenure insecurity
subject: panel estimation

description: No processo de reforma agrária brasileiro é comum a redistribuição de terra ocorrer por meio de invasões das grandes proprieades pelos sem terra. Esse mecanismo introduz insegurança no direito de propriedade fundiária e, na Regîão Amazônica, tem como consequência o excesso de desflorestamento. Esse trabalho utiliza um jogo não-cooperativo para mostrar que as interações estratégicas entre proprietários e posseiros em um contexto instittucional onde as florestas naturais são consideradas como recursos de livre acesso implicam o excesso de desflorestamento. A principal implicação analítica do modelo é que a taxa de desflorestamento de determinada área tende a aumentar com o número de posseiros na área. Essa implicação é confirmada quando testada em um painel de dados censitários municipais da Amazônia brasileira no período 1970-96 e esse resultado se mantem mesmo quando se controla o problema da endogeneidade do número de posseiros na especificação de uma equação de desflorestamento. Da perspectiva ambiental, portanto, o resultado permite questionar os mecanismos utilizados pelas políticas de reforma agrária no Brasil.----------------------------------------In Brazil, the land reform involves redistribution of land plots from large landowners to squatters. It generates property rights insecurity which alters land uses and fosters forest depletion. In this paper, a non cooperative game model is developed where natural forests are considered as an open access resource and the strategic interactions between landowners and squatters lead to an over deforestation. The main theoretical implication is a positive impact of squatters on deforestation. It is successfully tested on a panel data set covering the municipalities of the Legal Amazonia controlling for the endogeneity of squatters in a deforestation equation. The result questions the modalities of the Brazilian state-led land reform
Quantum algorithms for escaping from saddle points
Creators: name: Zhang, Chenyi
name: Leng, Jiaqi
name: Li, Tongyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate the study of quantum algorithms for escaping from saddle points with provable guarantee. Given a function $f\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\to\mathbb{R}$, our quantum algorithm outputs an $ε$-approximate second-order stationary point using $\tilde{O}(\log^{2} (n)/ε^{1.75})$ queries to the quantum evaluation oracle (i.e., the zeroth-order oracle). Compared to the classical state-of-the-art algorithm by Jin et al. with $\tilde{O}(\log^{6} (n)/ε^{1.75})$ queries to the gradient oracle (i.e., the first-order oracle), our quantum algorithm is polynomially better in terms of $\log n$ and matches its complexity in terms of $1/ε$. Technically, our main contribution is the idea of replacing the classical perturbations in gradient descent methods by simulating quantum wave equations, which constitutes the improvement in the quantum query complexity with $\log n$ factors for escaping from saddle points. We also show how to use a quantum gradient computation algorithm due to Jordan to replace the classical gradient queries by quantum evaluation queries with the same complexity. Finally, we also perform numerical experiments that support our theoretical findings.
description: 47 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by Quantum
Additional file 2 of Current practice in analysing and reporting binary outcome data—a review of randomised controlled trial reports
Creators: name: Rombach, Ines
name: Knight, Ruth
name: Peckham, Nicholas
name: Stokes, Jamie R.
name: Cook, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. List of items extracted.
The tragic vision in Jia Pingwa’s four novels of the 1990s
Creators: name: Zheng, Ming Fang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents a study of "tragic vision" in four novels of the 1990s by the well known Chinese writer Jia Pingwa. The novels are The Abandoned Capital (Feidu [Chinese Characters]), White Nights (Baiye [Chinese Characters]), The Earthen Gate (Tumen [Chinese Characters]), and Old Gao Village (Gaolaozhuang [Chinese Characters]). After a review of Western theories of tragedy - including Unamuno, Jaspers, Krieger, Frye, and others, with special attention to Raymond Williams, I argue that tragic experience is primary, perennial, and universal, tragic vision is secondary, and tragedy, in whatever religious, philosophical, and artistic form, is a response to and product of tragic experience and tragic vision. By tragic vision I mean a view of the world, a "sense of life in men and peoples" that is tragic. This vision is not necessarily pessimistic because using our head we find despair, but using our heart we are full of hope (Unamuno). In Chinese the idea can be summed up in the Daoist epithet about Confucius—"Is that not the man who knows that striving is without hope and yet goes on?" In short, tragic vision is defiant resistance or resisting defiantly. Relying on this sense of the term, I flesh out Jia Pingwa's tragic vision through an analysis of the four novels mentioned above. I demonstrate how Jia expresses a cyclical vision of his individual characters' lives, of their crossing the rural and urban boundaries, and of traversing various stages of social history. These tragic cycles seem to go on hopelessly, but Jia's characters resist despair by waging Sisyphean battles. I conclude that modern China has tragic experience, Jia Pingwa has a tragic vision and, although his tragic vision is not as profound as that of some of the literary giants the world has produced, he has successfully forged this vision into art.
QED corrections to isospin-related decay rates of charged and neutral B mesons
Creators: name: Nam, Soo-hyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the isospin-violating QED radiative corrections to the charged-to-neutral ratios of the decay rates for B^+ and B^0 in non-leptonic B meson decays. In particular, these corrections are potentially important for precision measurement of the charged-to-neutral production ratio of B meson in e^+e^- annihilation. We calculate explicitly the QED corrections to the ratios of two different types of decay rates Γ(B^+ \to J/ψK^+)/Γ(B^0 \to J/ψK^0) and Γ(B^+ \to D^+_S \bar{D^0})/Γ(B^0 \to D^+_S D^-) taking into account the form factors of the mesons based on the vector meson dominance model, and compare them with the results obtained for the point-like mesons.
description: 7 pages, 9 eps figures
Open Problems in Heavy Quarkonium Physics
Creators: name: Vairo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some recent progress and a personal selection of open problems in heavy quarkonium physics (spectroscopy, decay and production) inspired by the activity of the Quarkonium Working Group are reviewed.
description: Plenary talk presented at the 6th international conference Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, Villasimius, Italy 21-25 September, 2004; 11 pages, 7 figures, aipproc
title: Προώθηση αλλαγών και μεταρρυθμίσεων στη λυκειακή εκπαίδευση, προβλήματα, δυσκολίες και η ανάγκη για εκπαίδευση στην αλλαγή
title: Promotion of changes and reforms in high school education, problems, difficulties and the need for education in change
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σαλπέα, Όλγα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Προώθηση
subject: Αλλαγές
subject: Μεταρρυθμίσεις

description: Ένα βασικό ζήτημα στην εκπαιδευτική έρευνα και πολιτική είναι η εκπαιδευτική αλλαγή. Η παιδαγωγική μετατροπή στοχεύει στην πρόοδο του εκπαιδευτικού τομέα με οποιοδήποτε μέσο. Υπάρχει μεγάλη βιβλιογραφική αναφορά για την παιδαγωγική μεταμόρφωση και αυτή η μελέτη τόσο στο θεωρητικό της μέρος, όσο και στο πειραματικό της μέρος, συνεργεί στο πεδίο συναπαντώντας στις απορίες για το τι είναι ο εκπαιδευτικός μετασχηματισμός, γιατί είναι τόσο δυσεπίλυτος και πώς μπορούμε να τον υλοποιήσουμε. Στην εργασία αναλύεται η βιβλιογραφία γύρω από τις μελέτες για εκπαιδευτική αλλαγή που έχει γίνει παγκοσμίως από το 1960 έως και σήμερα και καταλήγει στην κατάσταση που βρίσκεται το εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα της Ελλάδας και στις αλλαγές που έχει επιτύχει. Σημαντική είναι η ποσοτική έρευνα που έγινε σε αυτή την εργασία, με δείγμα 50 ατόμων, αποτελούμενο από καθηγητές, μαθητές και κηδεμόνες καθώς τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της έρευνας κρίθηκαν αντικειμενικά και ποιοτικά και θα βοηθήσουν σε περαιτέρω μελέτες για την εκπαιδευτική αλλαγή στο ελληνικό σύστημα εκπαίδευσης.
Functional equivalence of orphan nuclear receptor 2E1 between mouse and human: from sequence to behaviour
Creators: name: Abrahams, Brett S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Worldwide, ten percent of adults suffer from a mental illness or behavioural disorder at any given time (Lopez & Murray 1998). Violent behaviour is central to many forms of mental illness (Gothelf et al 1997, APA 2000) and is itself a primary cause of mortality amongst individuals 15-45 years of age (Krug et al 2002). Although 'fierce' mice deleted for nuclear receptor 2E1 (Nr2el) show pathological aggression, it is unknown whether human NR2E1 is similarly involved in the modulation of development and behaviour. To better understand the role of human NR2E1 in brain development and behaviour, I undertook a series of studies employing computational analyses and transgenic mouse technology. A comparative sequence analysis of the NR2E1 locus in human, mouse, and the puffer fish Fugu Rubripes highlighted an unusually high degree of structural conservation across evolution, identified putative regulatory elements, and facilitated the generation of novel transgenic mouse strains. Characterization of a panel of random insertion transgenic mice carrying an Nr2e 1 -spanning clone indicated that standard molecular techniques failed to identify problematic insertions that would have interfered with downstream applications if not identified by molecular cytogenetic analyses. These results have implications for characterization of new transgenic mouse strains and helped shaped my subsequent studies. Finally, to test the ability of human NR2E1 to modulate mouse behaviour, I generated mice carrying human NR2E1 under its endogenous regulatory elements and bred them to fierce mutant mice. I determined that human NR2E1 is sufficient to correct fierce brain-behaviour abnormalities, supporting conserved mechanisms for modulation of behaviour between the two species. These data represent the first example of a human gene correcting mouse behaviour. They also provide a paradigm to enable functional evaluation of candidate psychiatric disease genes, and suggest that variation at NR2E1 may contribute to human behavioural disorders.
‘An apple a day’?: Psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists report poor literacy for nutritional medicine: international survey spanning 52 countries
Creators: name: Mörkl, Sabrina
name: Stell, Linda
name: Buhai, Diana V.
name: Schweinzer, Melanie
name: Wagner-Skacel, Jolana
name: Vajda, Christian
name: Lackner, Sonja
name: Bengesser, Susanne A.
name: Lahousen, Theresa
name: Painold, Annamaria
name: Oberascher, Andreas
name: Tatschl, Josef M.
name: Fellinger, Matthäus
name: Müller-Stierlin, Annabel Sandra
name: Serban, Ana C.
name: Ben-Sheetrit, Joseph
name: Vejnovic, Ana-Marija
name: Butler, Mary I.
name: Balanzá-Martínez, Vicent
name: Zaja, Nikola
name: Rus-Prelog, Polona
name: Strumila, Robertas
name: Teasdale, Scott B.
name: Reininghaus, Eva Z.
name: Holasek, Sandra J.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nutritional psychiatry
subject: mental health professionals
subject: psychiatrists
subject: psychologists
subject: psychotherapists
subject: education
subject: psychiatric disorders
subject: supplements
subject: nutrition
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: Mental health services
subject: Health personnel; Education
subject: Mental disorders
subject: Diet
subject: Psychiatry; Methods
subject: Nutrition therapy
subject: Psychiatrie
subject: Medizinische Ausbildung
subject: Psychotherapeut
subject: Psychologe
subject: Ernährung
subject: Psychische Störung

description: Nutritional interventions have beneficial effects on certain psychiatric disorder symptomatology and common physical health comorbidities. However, studies evaluating nutritional literacy in mental health professionals (MHP) are scarce. This study aimed to assess the across 52 countries. Surveys were distributed via colleagues and professional societies. Data were collected regarding self-reported general nutrition knowledge, nutrition education, learning opportunities, and the tendency to recommend food supplements or prescribe specific diets in clinical practice. In total, 1056 subjects participated in the study: 354 psychiatrists, 511 psychologists, 44 psychotherapists, and 147 MHPs in-training. All participants believed the diet quality of individuals with mental disorders was poorer compared to the general population (p < 0.001). The majority of the psychiatrists (74.2%) and psychologists (66.3%) reported having no training in nutrition. Nevertheless, many of them used nutrition approaches, with 58.6% recommending supplements and 43.8% recommending specific diet strategies to their patients. Only 0.8% of participants rated their education regarding nutrition as ‘very good.’ Almost all (92.9%) stated they would like to expand their knowledge regarding ‘Nutritional Psychiatry.’ There is an urgent need to integrate nutrition education into MHP training, ideally in collaboration with nutrition experts to achieve best practice care.
Parabolic presentations of the Yangian Y(gl_n)
Creators: name: Brundan, Jonathan
name: Kleshchev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37

description: We derive some new presentations for the Yangian associated to the Lie algebra gl_n(C) that are adapted to parabolic subalgebras. At one extreme, the presentation is just the usual RTT presentation, whilst at the other extreme it is a variation on Drinfeld's presentation. All these presentations play an important role in our subsequent article "Shifted Yangians and finite W-algebras".
description: Minor corrections, some references added. To appear in Commun. Math. Phys
Transmissão de preços do algodão nos mercados interno e externo
Creators: name: Sousa, Eliane Pinheiro De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
name: Sousa, Eliane Pinheiro De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: transmissão de preços
subject: Lei do Preço Único
subject: mercados de algodão
subject: transmission of prices
subject: Law of One Price
subject: cotton markets

description: O artigo pretende verificar a relação entre os preços internos e externos no mercado de algodão, buscando testar se a Lei do Preço Único foi válida nesse mercado, no período de julho de 1996 a janeiro de 2008. Utilizaram-se dados mensais extraídos do Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada (CEPEA) da ESALQ / USP e da Fundação Getúlio Vargas – FGVDADOS. A metodologia adotada é constituída pelo teste de raiz unitária, pelo teste de co-integração de Johansen, pela estimação da função impulso-resposta, pela decomposição da variância dos erros de previsão e pela estimação e análise do modelo vetorial de correção de erro (VEC). Os resultados mostraram que as variações nos preços internacionais do algodão foram completamente transmitidas para o mercado doméstico, no longo prazo, ou seja, na ausência de restrições. No entanto, não se pode afirmar que esses mercados sejam perfeitamente integrados, tendo em vista que a hipótese de perfeita integração entre os mercados foi rejeitada quando foram impostas restrições no coeficiente de relacionamento de longo prazo. Desta forma, a Lei do Preço Único não foi perfeitamente verificada para o mercado de algodão, no período analisado.-----------------------------------------------This article intends to verify the relationship between the internal and external prices in the cotton markets in order to test the validity of the Law of One Price over the July, 1996 to January, 2008 period. Monthly data were extracted from the Center of Advanced Studies for Applied Economy (CEPEA) of ESALQ / USP and from the Getúlio Vargas Foundation-FGVDADOS. The time series tests included the tests for unitary root, and Johansen´s co-integration. Besides, the analytical framework also includes impulse-response function, the decomposition of the variance of the forecasting error and the vector error correction model (VEC). The results showed that the long-run variations in the international prices of the cotton were fully transmitted to the domestic market. However, under constraints, the domestic and foreign markets are not perfectly integrated. Thus, these findings rejected the hypothesis of perfect integration between these markets. Therefore, the Law of One Price is not perfectly verified for the cotton markets in that period.
Two-Sided Random Matching Markets: Ex-Ante Equivalence of the Deferred Acceptance Procedures
Creators: name: Mauras, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Stable matching in a community consisting of $N$ men and $N$ women is a classical combinatorial problem that has been the subject of intense theoretical and empirical study since its introduction in 1962 in a seminal paper by Gale and Shapley. When the input preference profile is generated from a distribution, we study the output distribution of two stable matching procedures: women-proposing-deferred-acceptance and men-proposing-deferred-acceptance. We show that the two procedures are ex-ante equivalent: that is, under certain conditions on the input distribution, their output distributions are identical. In terms of technical contributions, we generalize (to the non-uniform case) an integral formula, due to Knuth and Pittel, which gives the probability that a fixed matching is stable. Using an inclusion-exclusion principle on the set of rotations, we give a new formula which gives the probability that a fixed matching is the women/men-optimal stable matching. We show that those two probabilities are equal with an integration by substitution.
description: Accepted for publication in the 21st ACM Conference on Economics and Computation (EC'20)
PRÓ-POBRE OU EMPOBRECEDOR: QUAL ACONTRIBUIÇÃO DO CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO PARA ALAGOAS?
Creators: name: Tejada, Cesar Augusto Oviedo
name: Jacinto, Paulo De Andrade
name: Bezerra, Luciane De Araujo
name: Santos, Anderson Moreira Aristides Dos
name: Tejada, Cesar Augusto Oviedo
name: Jacinto, Paulo De Andrade
name: Bezerra, Luciane De Araujo
name: Santos, Anderson Moreira Aristides Dos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Crescimento pró-pobre
subject: pobreza
subject: Alagoas
subject: Pro-poor growth
subject: poverty

description: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre crescimento econômico e a pobreza para as microrregiões do estado de Alagoas, utilizando dados do Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano para os anos 1991 e 2000. Buscou-se analisar em que medida o crescimento econômico tem se revelado um instrumento relativamente eficaz de combate à pobreza do ponto de vista qualitativo, ou seja, se esse crescimento pode ser considerado pró-pobre. Para tanto, foi estimada a elasticidade da pobreza em relação ao crescimento econômico para as microrregiões alagoanas, que apresentou uma relação negativa entre a pobreza e crescimento econômico. Em seguida foi construída a curva “crescimento-pobreza” para as microrregiões de Alagoas. E os resultados indicam que na maioria das microrregiões tem havido crescimento empobrecedor. Nessas microrregiões, durante o período de análise, verificou-se um crescimento econômico positivo, entretanto, houve redução da renda per capita para os quintis mais pobres e um aumento para os quintis mais ricos. Com isso, pode-se concluir que as políticas de crescimento econômico no estado de Alagoas não são de caráter pró-pobre. ------------------------------------This paper analyzes the relationship between economic growth and poverty in Alagoas, all data was obtained from Atlas of Human Development for this state of 1991 and of 2000. It’ll try to do an essay analyses about how the economic growth is an effective instrument to combat to the poverty qualitative, in others words, if that growth can be considered pro-poor. For that, we estimate the elasticity of the poverty with the economic growth for the microregions from Alagoas. Our findings indicate a negative relationship between growth economic and poverty. After that, using curve the growth-poverty, we can observe that in most of microregions has been having an anti-poor growth. In those regions the economic growth was positive, but was been having a reduction from income per capita to poorest quintile, an increase for the richest quintile. Thus, the policies of economic growth in Alagoas haven’t a pro-poor character.
Bathycrinus undetermined
Creators: name: Roux, Michel
name: Thuy, Ben
name: Gale, Andy S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Crinoidea
Comatulida
Bathycrinidae
Bathycrinus
Bathycrinus undetermined

description: ? Bathycrinus sp.
Fig. 6A–B
Material examined: one basal circlet (OPH210), two axillary brachial (IBr2ax) (OPH211).
Description: Basals fused, aboral face slightly concave with an irregular radiate crenularium (Fig. 6A), adoral face convex slightly granulose without trace of pentagonal symmetry or nervous canal lumen and wide perilumen flat without granulation (Fig. 6B); adoral diameter 1.47 mm, aboral diameter 1.02 mm, height 1.91 mm. Axillary brachial (IBr2ax) with aboral surface smooth, adoral face poorly preserved having a marked axial groove (Fig. 6D), height 1.91 mm, maximum width 1.85 mm and proximal width 1.00 mm. Another similar but smaller IBr2ax with maximum width 1.30 mm.
Remarks: The shape of the basal ring and the absence of a conspicuous lumen of interradial nervous canals on the adoral face is usual in Bathycrinus, which sometimes shows a discrete pentalobate figure like in B. carpenteri (Danielssen & Koren 1877) (Fig. 4C). The radiate crenularium on the basal ring adoral face or on the proximal columnal facets has never been observed in bathycrinids and rhizocrinids. Monachocrinus differs in having free basals with conspicuous interradial nervous canal open on adoral face (Roux, in preparation). The adoral face of IBr2ax resembles those of Monachocrinus (Fig. 6E), but unfortunately the material is too poorly preserved for a more conclusive comparison. Pending additional material, the two ossicles described above are attributed to? Bathycrinus sp.
description: Published as part of Roux, Michel, Thuy, Ben & Gale, Andy S., 2025, Plio-Pleistocene deep-sea crinoid (Echinodermata) diversity from the western Rodrigues Ridge, Indian Ocean, revealed by microfossil evidence, pp. 509-525 in Zootaxa 5583 (3) on pages 518-519, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5583.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/14804595