title: Karate as a national sport in emerging Africa. Unable to participate in international competitions: constraints and restraints
title: ÐÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð²Ð¸Ð´ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ° Ð² ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ÑÑ ÐÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ. ÐÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð² Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ : Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Creators: name: Chan, Stephen
name: "Ð¡Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑ, ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐº, Ð·Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ", Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð³ÑÐµÑÑ
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2023
Subjects: karate
national sport
international competitions
constraints
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Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ

description: The emergence of karate as a world sport with an international federation sanctioned and recognised by the International Olympic Committee has meant a well organised international tournament circuit which, as in tennis, allows the ranking of participating athletes. Those with appropriate ranking participate in World Championships, other prestige events, and in the Olympics. Although karate for the first time featured in the Tokyo Olympics, it will not feature at the Paris Olympics. A campaign to have the sport included in Olympic Games after Paris is well under way and at this stage seems to be well received within the IOC. The Tokyo Olympics featured victories and medal triumphs for athletes from Japan, well-developed Western nations, and Middle Eastern/North African nations. All had state facilities of a well-developed sort at their disposal. The state-funded national training centre for French karate is comparable to facilities provided for any other sport in that country, complete with professional personnel to do with coaching, physiotherapy, and counseling. The French model has been emulated everywhere it can be afforded. The problem is that it cannot be afforded in most countries. And athletes from most countries cannot afford the cost of travelling to the locations of ranking tournaments. It means that the risk is in many ways of karate becoming an elite sport. Even the required branded equipment is costly and beyond the personal budgets of very many athletes. A poorer, emerging, country will direct any state support that might be possible into long established sports where its athletes have already achieved success. But karate athletes cannot begin to achieve a track record of success by being effectively denied the financial right to compete in the required tournaments. The author has taught karate free of charge for 4 decades in Africa, in particular in Zambia and Zimbabwe. He has been himself an international competitor and medallist. His senior teaching credentials are from Okinawa, Japan. In both Zambia and Zimbabwe he has helped develop karate from very low bases to high levels. He was conferred a state honour by the President of Zambia last year from his efforts. In Zimbabwe his opinion is that, given the chance, the quality of sports karate is such that athletes would achieve medals on the recognized world stage. But they cannot enter that world stage. This paper explores the disjunctures and contradictions â and frustrations â involved. It is based on experience and observations stemming from 1980 to the present day.
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