cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Skirting Terahertz Waves in a Photo-excited Nanoslit Structure
Creators: name: Shalaby, Mostafa
name: Fabiańska, Justyna
name: Peccianti, Marco
name: Ozturk, Yavuz
name: Vidal, Francois
name: Sigg, Hans
name: Morandotti, Roberto
name: Feurer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz fields can be dramatically enhanced as they propagate through nanometer-sized slits. The enhancement is mediated by significant accumulation of the induced surface charges on the surrounding metal. This enhancement is shown here to be dynamically modulated and the nanoslits are gradually shunted using a copropagating optical beam. The terahertz fields are found to skirt the nanoscale photo-excited region underneath the slits, scattering to the far field and rigorously mapping the near field.
Automorphism groups of $P^1$-bundles over a non-uniruled base
Creators: name: Bandman, Tatiana
name: Zarhin, Yuri G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32M05, 32M18, 32L05, 32J18, 32J27, 14J50, 57S25

description: In this survey we discuss holomorphic $\mathbb{P}^1$-bundles $p: X \to Y$ over a non-uniruled complex compact Kähler manifold $Y$, paying a special attention to the case when $Y$ is a complex torus. We discuss so called Jordan properties of the groups $Aut(X)$ and $Bim(X)$ of its biholomorphic and bimeromorphic automorphisms, respectively.
On speakers in narrative fiction
Creators: name: Eckardt, Regine
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: The paper investigates aspects of the contribution of indexicals to sentence meaning when the context, specifically the speaker, is unknown. One typical instance is the interpretation of the first person pronoun I in anonymous messages, another case are first and second person indexicals in narrative fiction. Whereas the speaker of an anonymous message can be found out, first speaker protagonists in fiction are a priori elusive. The paper argues that the meaning of indexicals in fiction and in anonymous utterances should be captured by forming the union over possible utterance contexts. It defines the subjective meaning for the hearer/reader as an appropriate level of semantic representation.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Demonstratives as dimension shifters
Creators: name: Ebert, Christian
name: Ebert, Cornelia
name: Hörnig, Robin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Drawing on earlier work by Ebert and Ebert (2014), we argue that co-speech gestures contribute non-at-issue information by default (cf. Schlenker, 2018), flesh out their proposal that gestural content can be shifted via demonstratives (i.e. demonstratives function as dimension shifters from the non-at-issue to the at-issue dimension), and present experimental validation for this claim.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
The Role of Relevance in Fair Ranking
Creators: name: Balagopalan, Aparna
name: Jacobs, Abigail Z.
name: Biega, Asia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online platforms mediate access to opportunity: relevance-based rankings create and constrain options by allocating exposure to job openings and job candidates in hiring platforms, or sellers in a marketplace. In order to do so responsibly, these socially consequential systems employ various fairness measures and interventions, many of which seek to allocate exposure based on worthiness. Because these constructs are typically not directly observable, platforms must instead resort to using proxy scores such as relevance and infer them from behavioral signals such as searcher clicks. Yet, it remains an open question whether relevance fulfills its role as such a worthiness score in high-stakes fair rankings. In this paper, we combine perspectives and tools from the social sciences, information retrieval, and fairness in machine learning to derive a set of desired criteria that relevance scores should satisfy in order to meaningfully guide fairness interventions. We then empirically show that not all of these criteria are met in a case study of relevance inferred from biased user click data. We assess the impact of these violations on the estimated system fairness and analyze whether existing fairness interventions may mitigate the identified issues. Our analyses and results surface the pressing need for new approaches to relevance collection and generation that are suitable for use in fair ranking.
description: Published in SIGIR 2023
The temporal perspective of epistemics in Dutch
Creators: name: Van Dooren, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: A series of experiments is conducted on naïve native speakers of Dutch and English to study the scope relation between tense and epistemic modality. The results are consistent with the claim that epistemics scope over tense (Stowell 2004, Hacquard 2006, a.o.), and challenge recent research that states that epistemics can, or must, scope under tense (von Fintel and Gillies 2007, Rullmann & Matthewson 2018): Dutch and English participants in a Truth Value Judgment Task judge sentences to be false when the past tense forms of the modals have to and moeten 'have to' are used to make an epistemic claim that held at a time before speech time, and true when they are used to make an epistemic claim that holds at speech time. Moreover, English participants in an Acceptability Judgment Task judge sentences to be infelicitous when the same past tense form of have to is used to make an epistemic claim that held at a time before speech time. Besides these general patterns, the results show variation within and across the two languages, which leads to interesting new questions about the interaction between tense and (epistemic) modality.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions of prime-related moduli
Creators: name: Gao, Peng
name: Zhao, Liangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06

description: In this paper, we study the $k$-th moment of central values of the family of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions of moduli $8p$, with $p$ ranging over odd primes. Assuming the truth of the generlized Riemann hypothesis, we establish sharp upper and lower bounds for the $k$-th power moment of these $L$-values for all real $k \geq 0$.
description: 11 pages
Radiation by the superluminally moving current sheet in the magnetosphere of a neutron star
Creators: name: Ardavan, Houshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism by which the radiation received from obliquely rotating neutron stars is generated remains an open question half a century after the discovery of pulsars. In contrast, considerable progress has recently been made in determining the structure of the magnetosphere that surrounds these objects: numerical computations based on the force-free, magnetohydrodynamic and particle-in-cell formalisms have now established that the magnetosphere of an oblique rotator entails a current sheet outside its light cylinder whose rotating distribution pattern moves with linear speeds exceeding the speed of light in vacuum. Here we insert the description of the current sheet provided by the numerical simulations in the classical expression for the retarded potential and thereby calculate the radiation field generated by this source in the time domain. We find a radiation consisting of highly focused pulses whose (i) spectrum can extend from radio waves to gamma rays, (ii) brightness temperature can exceed 10^(40) K, (iii) linear polarization can be 100%, (iv) two concurrent polarization position angles are approximately orthogonal often and swing through 180 deg across the pulse profile in most cases, (v) circular polarization reverses sense across some components of the pulse profile, (vi) microstructure is determined by the thickness of the current sheet, and (vii) whose flux density diminishes with the distance D from the star as D^(-3/2) (rather than D^(-2)) in certain directions. The intrinsically transient radiation process analysed here is thus capable of generating an emission whose features are strikingly similar to those of the emissions received from pulsars and magnetars and from the sources of fast radio bursts and gamma-ray bursts.
description: 13+59 pages and 24 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.10715
Nonresonant Hopf-Hopf bifurcation and a chaotic attractor in neutral functional differential equations
Creators: name: Niu, Ben
name: Jiang, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonresonant Hopf-Hopf singularity in neutral functional differential equation (NFDE) is considered. An algorithm for calculating the third-order normal form is established by using the formal adjoint theory, center manifold theorem and the traditional normal form method for RFDE. Van der Pol's equation with extended delay feedback is studied as an example. The unfoldings near the Hopf-Hopf bifurcation point is given by applying this algorithm. Periodic solutions, quasi-periodic solutions are found via theoretical bifurcation diagram and numerical illustrations. The Hopf-Hopf bifurcation diagram indicates the possible existence of a chaotic attractor, which is confirmed by a sequence of simulations.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures. This is the full version of an article published as J. Math. Anal. Appl. 398 (2013) 362--371
Characterizing AGB stars in Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) bands
Creators: name: Lian, Jianhui
name: Zhu, Qingfeng
name: Kong, Xu
name: Hua, Jinhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are bright and extended infrared objects, most Galactic AGB stars saturate the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) detectors and therefore the WISE magnitudes that are restored by applying point-spread-function fitting need to be verified. Statistical properties of circumstellar envelopes around AGB stars are discussed on the basis of a WISE AGB catalog verified in this way. We cross-matched an AGB star sample with the WISE All-Sky Source Catalog and the Two Mircon All Sky Survey catalog. Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) spectra of a subsample of WISE AGB stars were also exploited. The dust radiation transfer code DUSTY was used to help predict the magnitudes in the W1 and W2 bands, the two WISE bands most affected by saturation, for calibration purpose, and to provide physical parameters of the AGB sample stars for analysis. DUSTY is verified against the ISO spectra to be a good tool to reproduce the spectral energy distributions of these AGB stars. Systematic magnitude-dependent offsets have been identified in WISE W1 and W2 magnitudes of the saturated AGB stars, and empirical calibration formulas are obtained for them on the basis of 1877 (W1) and 1558 (W2) AGB stars that are successfully fit with DUSTY. According to the calibration formulae, the corrections for W1 at 5 mag and W2 at 4 mag are $-0.383$ and 0.217 mag, respectively. In total, we calibrated the W1/W2 magnitudes of 2390/2021 AGB stars. The model parameters from the DUSTY and the calibrated WISE W1 and W2 magnitudes are used to discuss the behavior of the WISE color-color diagrams of AGB stars. The model parameters also reveal that O-rich AGB stars with opaque circumstellar envelopes are much rarer than opaque C-rich AGB stars toward the anti-Galactic center direction, which we attribute to the metallicity gradient of our Galaxy.
description: 9 pages in two column format, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The Asymmetric Sunrise Effect on Thales' Alleged Measurement of the Sun Angular Size
Creators: name: Cuadra, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reports from the 2nd and 3rd Century AD attribute the first measurement of the angular size of the Sun to Thales of Miletus, in the 6th Century BC. Cleomedes, also in the 2nd Century AD, described a method to perform the measurement, based on timing the duration of the sunrise. Several modern authors have suggested Thales used Cleomedes' method, but others are skeptical of the connection. Here I present an objection that has not been discussed in the literature, namely, that the proportionality between the size of the Sun and the duration of sunrise is not constant, but changes with latitude and time of the year, due to what I call the ``asymmetric sunrise effect''. I show that this effect is large enough to have prevented Thales from obtaining the roughly accurate recorded value.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, PASJ accepted
Swarms and degrees – two experiments on Slavic swarm constructions
Creators: name: Dočekal, Mojmír
name: Šafratová, Iveta
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: The paper discusses the results of two experiments on Czech swarm-constructions. The results are interpreted in the degree approach to swarms (Hoeksema, 2009). Furthermore, some polarity constraints on swarms are clarified and described as a special case of degree positive polarity items.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Probing the elastic limit of DNA bending
Creators: name: Le, Tung T.
name: Kim, Harold D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many structures inside the cell such as nucleosomes and protein-mediated DNA loops contain sharply bent double-stranded (ds) DNA. Therefore, the energetics of strong dsDNA bending constitutes an essential part of cellular thermodynamics. Although the thermomechanical behavior of long dsDNA is well described by the worm-like chain (WLC) model, the length limit of such elastic behavior remains controversial. To investigate the energetics of strong dsDNA bending, we measured the opening rate of small dsDNA loops with contour lengths of 40-200 bp using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). From the measured relationship of loop stability to loop size, we observed a transition between two separate bending regimes at a critical loop size below 100 bp. Above this loop size, the loop lifetime decreased with decreasing loop size in a manner consistent with an elastic bending stress. Below the critical loop size, however, the loop lifetime became less sensitive to loop size, indicative of softening of the double helix. The critical loop size was measured to be ~60 bp with sodium only and ~100 bp with 5 mM magnesium, which suggests that magnesium facilitates the softening transition. We show that our results are in quantitative agreement with the kinkable worm-like chain model. Furthermore, the model parameters constrained by our data can reproduce previously measured J factors between 50 and 200 bp. Our work provides powerful means to study dsDNA bending in the strong bending regime.
Expected value of conditionals and expected utility: A probabilistic account of conditional evaluative constructions
Creators: name: Chung, WooJin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: This paper develops a probabilistic account of the Korean conditional evaluative construction that conveys obligation, which is expressed in terms of a conditional and an evaluative predicate. Assuming that conditionals denote the degree of support for the consequent given the antecedent and that evaluative predicates are measure functions that return the utility value of a given world argument, the compositional semantics of the construction at hand gives rise to an expected utility-based semantics of deontic modality. I point out its relevance to decision theory and further offer a principled solution the problem of supererogation.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Egocentric Image Captioning for Privacy-Preserved Passive Dietary Intake Monitoring
Creators: name: Qiu, Jianing
name: Lo, Frank P. -W.
name: Gu, Xiao
name: Jobarteh, Modou L.
name: Jia, Wenyan
name: Baranowski, Tom
name: Steiner-Asiedu, Matilda
name: Anderson, Alex K.
name: McCrory, Megan A
name: Sazonov, Edward
name: Sun, Mingui
name: Frost, Gary
name: Lo, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Camera-based passive dietary intake monitoring is able to continuously capture the eating episodes of a subject, recording rich visual information, such as the type and volume of food being consumed, as well as the eating behaviours of the subject. However, there currently is no method that is able to incorporate these visual clues and provide a comprehensive context of dietary intake from passive recording (e.g., is the subject sharing food with others, what food the subject is eating, and how much food is left in the bowl). On the other hand, privacy is a major concern while egocentric wearable cameras are used for capturing. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserved secure solution (i.e., egocentric image captioning) for dietary assessment with passive monitoring, which unifies food recognition, volume estimation, and scene understanding. By converting images into rich text descriptions, nutritionists can assess individual dietary intake based on the captions instead of the original images, reducing the risk of privacy leakage from images. To this end, an egocentric dietary image captioning dataset has been built, which consists of in-the-wild images captured by head-worn and chest-worn cameras in field studies in Ghana. A novel transformer-based architecture is designed to caption egocentric dietary images. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and to justify the design of the proposed architecture for egocentric dietary image captioning. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that applies image captioning for dietary intake assessment in real life settings.
Object based Bayesian full-waveform inversion for shear elastography
Creators: name: Carpio, Ana
name: Cebrian, Elena
name: Gutierrez, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a computational framework to quantify uncertainty in shear elastography imaging of anomalies in tissues. We adopt a Bayesian inference formulation. Given the observed data, a forward model and their uncertainties, we find the posterior probability of parameter fields representing the geometry of the anomalies and their shear moduli. To construct a prior probability, we exploit the topological energies of associated objective functions. We demonstrate the approach on synthetic two dimensional tests with smooth and irregular shapes. Sampling the posterior distribution by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques we obtain statistical information on the shear moduli and the geometrical properties of the anomalies. General affine-invariant ensemble MCMC samplers are adequate for shapes characterized by parameter sets of low to moderate dimension. However, MCMC methods are computationally expensive. For simple shapes, we devise a fast optimization scheme to calculate the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate representing the most likely parameter values. Then, we approximate the posterior distribution by a Gaussian distribution found by linearization about the MAP point to capture the main mode at a low computational cost.
Is the spiral effect psychological?
Creators: name: Klaassen, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C20

description: In 2017 a definition of spiral tilings was given, thereby answering a question posed by Grünbaum and Shephard in the late 1970s. The author had the pleasure to discuss the topic via e-mail with Branko Grünbaum in his 87th year. During this correspondence the question arose whether a spiral structure (given a certain definition of it) could be recognized automatically or whether "to some extent, at least, the spiral effect is psychological", as Grünbaum and Shephard had conjectured in 1987 (see exercise section of chapter 9.5 in "Tilings and Patterns"). In this paper, an algorithm for automatic detection of such a tiling's spiral structure and its first implementation results will be discussed. Finally, the definitions for several types of spiral tilings are refined based on this investigation.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, to appear in "Elemente der Mathematik" 2022
Reciprocating same
Creators: name: Chatain, Keny
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: same can appear with a complement (the external construction) or associating with a plural element in the sentence (the internal construction). This type of alternation is observed with other relational modifiers as well (e.g. enemy, neighbor). However, same is unique in also being able to associate with the singular distributive quantifier every in the internal construction (e.g. every child read the same book). Here, I propose to derive this unique behavior from two independently evidenced phenomena: plural properties of every (Kratzer, 2000) and same’s scope-taking (Barker, 2007). Together, these two facts explain same’s behavior: by taking scope, same is able to enter levels of hierarchies where every behaves like a plural. The merit of this analysis is to provide a principled type-driven difference between same and other relational modifiers, which, I argue, is missed in other analyses.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Monte Carlo simulation of carbon ion radiotherapy for Human Eye
Creators: name: Pang, Chengguo
name: Su, Youwu
name: Yao, Zeen
name: Xu, Junkui
name: Li, Wuyuan
name: Yuan, Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon ion is the mostly common used particle in heavy ion radiotherapy. In this paper, carbon ion dose in tumor treatment for human eye was simulated with FLUKA code, 80 MeV/u carbon beam was irradiated into the human eye from two directions, The first is from the lateral-forward direction which was a typical therapeutic condition, maximum dose was deposited in the tumor volume. The second one was that beam irradiated into eyes from the forward direction which may cause certain medical accident. The calculated results are compared with other reports. The agreement indicates that this method can be used for treatment plan in heavy ion radiotherapy.
Exclamatory As Ifs
Creators: name: Bledin, Justin
name: Srinivas, Sadhwi
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, we investigate the meaning of exclamatory as if utterances. One of the main interpretive challenges raised by these constructions is to explain how they function to express incredulous denial of the as if complement despite the absence of any overt negating element. After rejecting a negation ellipsis account that assimilates exclamatory as if s to plain negative assertions, we develop an exclamation-based analysis that integrates Grosz’s (2011) “EX-Op” account of optatives and polar exclamatives with our earlier hypothetical comparative semantics for descriptive uses of as if in Bledin and Srinivas (2019).
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Uncertainty-Guided Mixup for Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation without Source Data
Creators: name: Ma, Ning
name: Bu, Jiajun
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Zhou, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Present domain adaptation methods usually perform explicit representation alignment by simultaneously accessing the source data and target data. However, the source data are not always available due to the privacy preserving consideration or bandwidth limitation. Source-free domain adaptation aims to solve the above problem by performing domain adaptation without accessing the source data. The adaptation paradigm is receiving more and more attention in recent years, and multiple works have been proposed for unsupervised source-free domain adaptation. However, without utilizing any supervised signal and source data at the adaptation stage, the optimization of the target model is unstable and fragile. To alleviate the problem, we focus on semi-supervised domain adaptation under source-free setting. More specifically, we propose uncertainty-guided Mixup to reduce the representation's intra-domain discrepancy and perform inter-domain alignment without directly accessing the source data. Finally, we conduct extensive semi-supervised domain adaptation experiments on various datasets. Our method outperforms the recent semi-supervised baselines and the unsupervised variant also achieves competitive performance. The experiment codes will be released in the future.
Non-maximality and homogeneity: Parallels between collective predicates and absolute adjectives
Creators: name: Amiraz, Omri
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Sentences with definite plurals such as The kids laughed are known to display non- maximality and homogeneity. This is manifested not only in distributive predication but also in collective predication. However, I observe that collective predicates differ with respect to these properties: predicates like gather are non-maximal and homogeneous, while predicates like fit in the trunk are maximal and non-homogeneous. I argue that this distinction is parallel to a distinction in absolute gradable adjectives with totally-closed scales: gather patterns with adjectives like open, which have both maximum and minimum standard, while fit in the trunk patterns with adjectives like full, which only have a maximum standard. I account for the observed parallelism by analyzing collective predication using proportional scales.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
D4.11 Technical Documentation of  R5, R6 and R7: Apps
Creators: name: Darlis Bracho Tudares
name: Kamara-Esteban, Oihane
name: Barco, Hector
name: Alonso-Vicario, Ainhoa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This deliverable defines the technical aspects of the mobile apps that will be developed within the Waste4Think Project:

	The Food App (R5) for edible food waste prevention (R5). With the support of a real-time characterization system, this app will allow citizens and enterprises to advertise the products that continue to be in good condition but are going to be thrown and to implement cost-effective processes for their collection and retrieval by social kitchens, for example. With a prevention approach the app will also give information to the generators (large generators as supermarkets or restaurants, but also citizens in general) about their daily generation patterns.

	The Local Trade app (R6) for fostering sustainable local trade and eco-tourism by:

		Getting to know the incentives achieved by their behaviour, etc.
		Getting information about the ways they can get incentives and the offers where they can use them (such as discount vouchers on business).
		Getting information about the environmental (as the ecological footprint) and social impacts of the products and services that have been used in their neighbourhoods.
		Getting information about the businesses that have implemented ecological products or services such as the use of good practices on waste prevention (use recyclable bags...).
		Getting information about the correct way of sorting a product through the QR code of the envelope.
		Getting to know about the cooperative actions in the municipality such as composting or other decentralized treatment solutions.
		Sharing and recycling furniture, appliances, clothing, toys, etc.

	The Citizen App (R7) to foster transparency and citizen participation by providing interfaces for the components of the system that citizen and enterprise managers will use to get and send information about the state of the collection system. The app will also:

		Allow consulting the invoices and retrieving information about citizen behaviour as well as the overall state of the waste collection system in the municipality like the economic, environmental and social impacts.
		Send incidents in the collection spots like overfilled bins, broken infrastructures, etc.
		Provides tips to improve the way of sorting, reduce the waste generated or information about the clean points.
		Allow citizens to get access to the bill information or submit issues about the collection system.
Mathematical foundations of adaptive isogeometric analysis
Creators: name: Buffa, Annalisa
name: Gantner, Gregor
name: Giannelli, Carlotta
name: Praetorius, Dirk
name: Vázquez, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper reviews the state of the art and discusses recent developments in the field of adaptive isogeometric analysis, with special focus on the mathematical theory. This includes an overview of available spline technologies for the local resolution of possible singularities as well as the state-of-the-art formulation of convergence and quasi-optimality of adaptive algorithms for both the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) in the frame of isogeometric analysis (IGA).
Efficient Multi-Scale Attention Module with Cross-Spatial Learning
Creators: name: Ouyang, Daliang
name: He, Su
name: Zhang, Guozhong
name: Luo, Mingzhu
name: Guo, Huaiyong
name: Zhan, Jian
name: Huang, Zhijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Remarkable effectiveness of the channel or spatial attention mechanisms for producing more discernible feature representation are illustrated in various computer vision tasks. However, modeling the cross-channel relationships with channel dimensionality reduction may bring side effect in extracting deep visual representations. In this paper, a novel efficient multi-scale attention (EMA) module is proposed. Focusing on retaining the information on per channel and decreasing the computational overhead, we reshape the partly channels into the batch dimensions and group the channel dimensions into multiple sub-features which make the spatial semantic features well-distributed inside each feature group. Specifically, apart from encoding the global information to re-calibrate the channel-wise weight in each parallel branch, the output features of the two parallel branches are further aggregated by a cross-dimension interaction for capturing pixel-level pairwise relationship. We conduct extensive ablation studies and experiments on image classification and object detection tasks with popular benchmarks (e.g., CIFAR-100, ImageNet-1k, MS COCO and VisDrone2019) for evaluating its performance.
description: Accepted to ICASSP2023
Is there any licensing in non-DE contexts? An experimental study
Creators: name: Alexandropoulou, Stavroula
name: Bylinina, Lisa
name: Nouwen, Rick
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Why is weak NPI any sometimes, but not always, licensed in non-downward entailing environments? In this paper, we present a series of experiments, where we probe the role of context in licensing any in the scope of various quantifiers. We compare our results to predictions made by three theories of exceptional NPI licensing. We show that contextual reasoning plays a role in non-monotonic environments, but that it does not in the scope of upward entailing quantifiers. Surprisingly, our results also show individual differences between the non-monotonic environments created by different quantifiers.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Quantum Noise Sensing by generating Fake Noise
Creators: name: Braccia, Paolo
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Caruso, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noisy-Intermediate-Scale-Quantum (NISQ) devices are nowadays starting to become available to the final user, hence potentially allowing to show the quantum speedups predicted by the quantum information theory. However, before implementing any quantum algorithm, it is crucial to have at least a partial or possibly full knowledge on the type and amount of noise affecting the quantum machine. Here, by generalizing quantum generative adversarial learning from quantum states (Q-GANs) to quantum operations/superoperators/channels (here named as SuperQGANs), we propose a very promising framework to characterize noise in a realistic quantum device, even in the case of spatially and temporally correlated noise (memory channels) affecting quantum circuits. The key idea is to learn about the noise by mimicking it in a way that one cannot distinguish between the real (to be sensed) and the fake (generated) one. We find that, when applied to the benchmarking case of Pauli channels, the SuperQGAN protocol is able to learn the associated error rates even in the case of spatially and temporally correlated noise. Moreover, we also show how to employ it for quantum metrology applications. We believe our SuperQGANs pave the way for new hybrid quantum-classical machine learning protocols for a better characterization and control of the current and future unavoidably noisy quantum devices.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Random-choice modality: The view from Chuj (Mayan)
Creators: name: Alonso-Ovalle, Luis
name: Royer, Justin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Random choice indefinites convey, roughly, that an agent made an indiscriminate choice. There is however no consensus on the exact nature of the modality that random choice indefinites express (Alonso-Ovalle and Mene ́ndez-Benito, 2018). This paper discusses new data from Chuj, an understudied Mayan language. In this language, random choice indefinites feature a morpheme (komon) that can appear either as a nominal or verbal modifier (Royer and Alonso-Ovalle, 2019). We show that the modal component of komon departs from previous proposals on the nature of random choice modality. Both in DPs and VPs, komon conveys information about the likelihood of the event described. The modal component of komon is nevertheless tied to its syntactic position. VP-komon conveys that the most expected worlds where the described event happens are no more expected than the most expected worlds where it does not. DP-komon conveys a similar modal component, but hardwires a comparison between the likelihood of the event described, which involves an individual in the extension of the NP, and that of alternative events determined by considering alternative individuals in the extension of the NP.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
$T \bar{T}$ deformation of the Ising model and its ultraviolet completion
Creators: name: LeClair, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure $T\bar{T}$ deformations of conformal field theories are generally asymptotically incomplete in the ultra-violet (UV) due to square-root singularities in the ground state energy on a cylinder of circumference $R$, such that the theory is ill-defined for distances shorter than some critical $R_*$. In this article we show how a theory can be completed if one includes an infinite number of additional irrelevant perturbations. This is fully demonstrated in the case of the Ising model at $c_{IR}= 1/2$ in the infra-red (IR), where we find two completions with central charges $c_{UV} = 3/2$ and $c_{UV} = 7/10$, the latter being the tri-critical Ising model. Both of these UV completions have ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetry which is broken in the renormalization group flow to low energies. We also consider multiple $T\bar{T}$ deformations of a free massless boson, where we cannot find a UV completion that is consistent with the c-theorem. For negative coupling $g$, which violates the c-theorem, in both cases we find $c_{UV} = -c_{IR}$ as $g \to -\infty$. Finally we also study pure $T\bar{T}$ deformations of the off-critical Ising model.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Dimensioning spectrum to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication
Creators: name: Gomes, André
name: Kibilda, Jacek
name: Marchetti, Nicola
name: DaSilva, Luiz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industry-led initiatives such as the Next G Alliance (NGA) are currently considering how to dimension the spectrum required to support new classes of services envisioned beyond 5G. In particular, support for URLLC brings the challenge of how to dimension stochastic wireless networks to meet stringent reliability and latency requirements. Our analysis indicates that the bandwidth needed to meet URLLC goals can be in the order of gigahertz, beyond what is available in today's mobile networks. Network densification can ease those bandwidth needs but requires new deployment strategies involving substantially larger numbers of sites. As an alternative, we consider multi-connectivity and multi-operator network sharing as efficient ways to reduce the demand for bandwidth without outright deployment of additional base stations.
A priori subcell limiting based on compact nonuniform nonlinear weighted schemes of high-order CPR method for hyperbolic conservation laws
Creators: name: Zhu, Huajun
name: Liu, Huayong
name: Yan, Zhen-Guo
name: Shi, Guoquan
name: Deng, Xiaogang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper develops a shock capturing approach for high-order correction procedure via reconstruction (CPR) method with Legendre-Gauss solution points. Shock regions are treated by novel compact nonuniform nonlinear weighted (CNNW) schemes, which have the same solution points as the CPR method. CNNW schemes are constructed by discretizing flux derivatives based on Riemann fluxes at flux points in one cell and using nonuniform nonlinear weighted (NNW) interpolations to obtain the left and right values at flux points. Then, a priori subcell p-adaptive CNNW limiting of the CPR method is proposed for hyperbolic conservation laws. Firstly, a troubled cell indicator is used to detect shock regions and to quantify solution smoothness. Secondly, according to the magnitude of the indicator, CNNW schemes with varying accuracy orders are chosen adaptively for the troubled cells. The spectral property and discrete conservation laws are mathematically analyzed. Various numerical experiments show that the CPR method with subcell CNNW limiting has superiority in satisfying discrete conservation laws and in good balance between resolution and shock capturing robustness.
description: 50 pages
Linearity of quantum probability measure and Hardy's model
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
name: Oh, C. H.
name: Zhang, Chengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine d=4 hidden-variables-models for a system of two spin-$1/2$ particles in view of the concrete model of Hardy, who analyzed the criterion of entanglement without referring to inequality. The basis of our analysis is the linearity of the probability measure related to the Born probability interpretation, which excludes non-contextual hidden-variables models in $d\geq 3$. To be specific, we note the inconsistency of the non-contextual hidden-variables model in $d=4$ with the linearity of the quantum mechanical probability measure in the sense $\langleψ|{\bf a}\cdot {\bf σ}\otimes{\bf b}\cdot {\bf σ}|ψ\rangle+\langleψ|{\bf a}\cdot {\bf σ}\otimes{\bf b}^{\prime}\cdot {\bf σ}|ψ\rangle=\langleψ|{\bf a}\cdot {\bf σ}\otimes ({\bf b}+{\bf b}^{\prime})\cdot {\bf σ}|ψ\rangle$ for non-collinear ${\bf b}$ and ${\bf b}^{\prime}$. It is then shown that Hardy's model in $d=4$ does not lead to a unique mathematical expression in the demonstration of the discrepancy of local realism (hidden-variables model) with entanglement and thus his proof is incomplete. We identify the origin of this non-uniqueness with the non-uniqueness of translating quantum mechanical expressions into expressions in hidden-variables models, which results from the failure of the above linearity of the probability measure. In contrast, if the linearity of the probability measure is strictly imposed, which is tantamount to asking that the non-contextual hidden-variables model in $d=4$ gives the CHSH inequality $|\langle B\rangle|\leq 2$ uniquely, it is shown that the hidden-variables model can describe only separable quantum mechanical states; this conclusion is in perfect agreement with the so-called Gisin's theorem which states that $|\langle B\rangle|\leq 2$ implies separable states.
description: 15 pages. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Search for $W^\prime$ signal via $tW^\prime$ associated production at LHC
Creators: name: Gong, Xue
name: Li, Hong-Lei
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Yang, Zhong-Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of new physics models predict the existence of extra charged gauge bosons ($W^\prime$). It is verified that $W^\prime$ and top quark associated production is a promising process to search for $W^\prime$ signal at the LHC. We study the collider signatures of multi-jets$+$lepton$+\met$ by reconstructing the $tW'$ intermediate state through the decay modes of $W^\prime \to tb$, $W^\prime \to q \bar q'$ and $W^\prime \to l ν$ respectively. An angular distribution related to charged lepton and top quark moving direction is provided to distinguish alternative left-handed or right-handed chiral couplings of $W^\prime$ to quarks in the hadronic decay modes. The superiority on the search of $W^\prime$ is demonstrated in the leptonic decay channel for the left-handed type interaction, which is forbidden for the right-handed type interaction in the most theories. To be more realistic, the relevant standard model backgrounds are simulated. We adopt various kinematic cuts to suppress the backgrounds and collect the integral luminosity needed for the corresponding process detected at the LHC with $3σ$ sensitivity. We also provide a forward-backward asymmetry which is related to the chirality of $W^\prime$. The successive studies can shed light on the potential searching for $W^\prime$ signal as well as distinguishing typical new physics models.
NGC 4337: an over-looked old cluster in the inner disc of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Giorgi, Edgard
name: Costa, Edgardo
name: Vazquez, Ruben A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic open clusters do not survive long in the high density regions of the inner Galactic disc. Inside the solar ring only 11 open clusters are known with ages older than one Gyr. We show here, basing on deep, high-quality photometry, that NGC 4337, contrary to earlier findings, is indeed an old open cluster. The cluster is located very close to the conspicuous star cluster Trumpler 20, as well mis-classified in the past, and that has received so much attention in recent years. NGC 4337 shows a significant clump of He-burning stars which was not detected previously. Its beautiful color-magnitude diagram is strikingly similar to the one of the classical old open clusters IC 4651, NGC 752, and NGC 3680, and this suggests similar age and composition. A spectroscopic study is much needed to confirm our findings. This, in turn, would also allow us to better define the inner disc radial abundance gradient and its temporal evolution.To this aim, a list of clump star candidates is provided.
description: 5 pages, 4 eps figures, in press as MNRAS Letter
Non-resolving responses to polar questions: A revision to the QUD theory of relevance
Creators: name: Agha, Omar
name: Warstadt, Alex
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: The influential Question Under Discussion (QUD) theory of discourse (Roberts, 2012) formal- izes Grice’s notion of relevance. In this paper, we identify a class of relevant discourse moves where Roberts’s account undergenerates, and propose a more inclusive definition of relevance. For example, if asked Should we cancel the picnic?, one can reply If it rains without fully re- solving the question. However, in Roberts’s theory, all relevant responses to polar questions are predicted to fully resolve the question because a relevant answer must eliminate at least one alternative in the QUD. We propose that a non-resolving response to a polar question is relevant if it eliminates a set of worlds that overlaps with only some alternatives in the QUD. The new account turns out to make good predictions in the domain of polar questions, and beyond.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24