cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Base Civil Engineer Work Request, Renovations of Building 902, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas
Creators: name: Shepherd, Scott B.
Publisher: name: Department of the Air Force, Randolph Air Force Base
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: San Antonio
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4149/san-antonio
subject: Bexar (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4150/bexar-county
subject: Texas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/6923/texas
subject: Randolph Air Force Base
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/78971/randolph-air-force-base
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Governmental Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/318/governmental-structure
subject: Historic Governmental Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/320/historic-governmental-structure
subject: Building 902
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/146467/building-902
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management

description: A work request for Building 902 at Randolph Air Force Base and the installation of a grid system for window installation. This work request is required by the Texas Historical Commission in order for the proposed undertaking to pass the Section 106 process. This worksheet is part of correspondence concerning the rehabilitation and replacement of windows and doors at Building 902, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas. Also included are notes and discussion on organization and the process of gaining permission for the undertakings.
On Measuring Cognition and Cognitive Augmentation
Creators: name: Fulbright, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are at the beginning of a new age in which artificial entities will perform significant amounts of high-level cognitive processing rivaling and even surpassing human thinking. The future belongs to those who can best collaborate with artificial cognitive entities achieving a high degree of cognitive augmenta-tion. However, we currently lack theoretically grounded fundamental metrics able to describe human or artificial cognition much less augmented and combined cognition. How do we measure thinking, cognition, information, and knowledge in an implementation-independent way? How can we tell how much thinking an artificial entity does and how much is done by a human? How can we measure the combined and possible even emergent effect of humans working together with intelligent artificial entities? These are some of the challenges for research-ers in this field. We first define a cognitive process as the transformation of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. We then review several existing and emerging information metrics based on entropy, processing effort, quantum physics, emergent capacity, and human concept learning. We then discuss how these fail to answer the above questions and provide guidelines for future re-search.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, multiple equations
Institutional Profile: Golden Helix Institute of Biomedical Research: interdisciplinary research and educational activities in pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
Creators: name: van Schaik, Ron H
name: Macek, Milan
name: Patrinos, George P
name: Tzimas, Giannis
name: Kollia, Panagoula
name: Fortina, Paolo
name: Mitropoulos, Konstantinos
name: Innocenti, Federico
name: Lezhava, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The Golden Helix Institute of Biomedical Research is an international non-profit scientific organization with interdisciplinary research and educational activities in the field of genome medicine in Europe, Asia and Latin America. These activities are supervised by an international scientific advisory council, consisting of world leaders in the field of genomics and translational medicine. Research activities include the regional coordination of the Pharmacogenomics for Every Nation Initiative in Europe, in an effort to integrate pharmacogenomics in developing countries, the development of several National/Ethnic Genetic databases and related web services and the critical assessment of the impact of genetics and genomic medicine to society in various countries. Also, educational activities include the organization of the Golden Helix Symposia®, which are high profile scientific research symposia in the field of personalized medicine, and the Golden Helix Pharmacogenomics Days, an international educational activity focused on pharmacogenomics, as part of its international pharmacogenomics education and outreach efforts.
New spherically symmetric solutions in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs model
Creators: name: Jia, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical solutions in the SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. The spherically symmetric ansätze for all fields are given and the equations of motion are derived as a system of ordinary differential equations. The asymptotics and the boundary conditions at space origin for regular solutions and at event horizon for black hole solutions are studied. Using the shooting method, we found numerical solutions to the theory. For regular solutions, we find two new sets of asymptotically flat solutions. Each of these sets contains continua of solutions in the parameter space spanned by the shooting parameters. The solutions bifurcate along these parameter curves and the bifurcation are argued to be due to the internal structure of the model. Both sets of the solutions are asymptotically flat but one is exponentially so and the other is so with oscillations. For black holes, a new set of boundary conditions is studied and it is found that there also exists a continuum of black hole solutions in parameter space and similar bifurcation behavior is also present to these solutions. The SU(2) charges of these solutions are found zero and these solutions are proven to be unstable.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, revtex4
Return of research results from pharmacogenomic versus disease susceptibility studies: what’s drugs got to do with it?
Creators: name: Dressler, Lynn G
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: One of the most controversial ethical issues in genomics research is the return of individual research results to research subjects. As new technologies, including whole-genome sequencing, provide an increased opportunity for researchers to find clinically relevant research results, the questions related to if, when and how individual research results should be returned become more central to the ethical conduct of genomic research. In the absence of federal guidance on this issue, many groups and individuals have developed recommendations and suggestions to address these questions. Most of these recommendations have focused on the return of individual results from disease susceptibility studies. However, in addition to predicting the development of disease, genomic research also includes predicting an individual’s response to drugs, especially the risk of developing adverse events. This article evaluates and compares the return of individual research results from disease susceptibility studies versus pharmacogenomic studies.
Calculating Cognitive Augmentation, A Case Study
Creators: name: Fulbright, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are entering an era in which humans will increasingly work in partnership and collaboration with artificially intelligent entities. For millennia, tools have augmented human physical and mental performance but in the coming era of cognitive systems, human cognitive performance will be augmented. We are only just now beginning to define the fundamental concepts and metrics to describe, characterize, and measure augmented and collaborative cognition. In this paper, the results of a cognitive augmentation experiment are discussed and we calculate the increase in cognitive accuracy and cognitive precision. In the case study, cognitively augmented problem solvers show an increase of 74% in cognitive accuracy (the ability to synthesize desired answers) and a 27% increase in cognitive precision (the ability to synthesize only desired answers). We offer a formal treatment of the case study results and propose cognitive accuracy and cognitive precision as standard metrics to describe and measure human cognitive augmentation.
description: 14 pages; 4 figures
Pharmacogenomics as a risk mitigation strategy for chemotherapeutic cardiotoxicity
Creators: name: Jensen, Brian C
name: McLeod, Howard L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Damage to the heart can result from both traditional chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, and newer ‘targeted’ therapies, such as trastuzumab. This chemotherapeutic cardiotoxicity is potentially life-threatening and necessitates limiting or discontinuing an otherwise-effective cancer treatment. Clinical strategies focus on surveillance rather than prevention, although there are no specific therapies for this highly morbid adverse effect. Current models for prospectively predicting risk of chemotherapeutic cardiotoxicity are limited. Cardiotoxicity can occur idiosyncratically in patients without obvious demographic risk factors, suggesting a genetically determined susceptibility, and candidate-gene studies have identified a limited number of variants that increase risk. In this commentary we indicate a need for more powerful means to identify risk prospectively, and suggest that broad pharmacogenomic approaches may be fruitful.
Genome-wide association and pharmacological profiling of 29 anticancer agents using lymphoblastoid cell lines
Creators: name: Brown, Chad C
name: Medina, Marisa W
name: Jack, John R
name: Krauss, Ronald M
name: Havener, Tammy M
name: Motsinger-Reif, Alison A
name: McLeod, Howard L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Association mapping with lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) is a promising approach in pharmacogenomics research, and in the current study we utilize this model to perform association mapping for 29 chemotherapy drugs.
Dielectric laser acceleration of electrons in the vicinity of single and double grating structures - theory and simulations
Creators: name: Breuer, John
name: McNeur, Joshua
name: Hommelhoff, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric laser acceleration of electrons close to a fused-silica grating has recently been observed (Peralta et al., Nature 503, 91 (2013); Breuer, Hommelhoff, PRL 111, 134803 (2013)). Here we present the theoretical description of the near-fields close to such a grating that can be utilized to accelerate non-relativistic electrons. We also show simulation results of electrons interacting with such fields in a single and double grating structure geometry and discuss dephasing effects that have to be taken into account when designing a photonic-structure-based accelerator for non-relativistic electrons. We further model the space charge effect using the paraxial ray equation and discuss the resulting expected peak currents for various parameter sets.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Coisotropic Hofer-Zehnder capacities and non-squeezing for relative embeddings
Creators: name: Lisi, Samuel
name: Rieser, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 53D12

description: We introduce the notion of a symplectic capacity relative to a coisotropic submanifold of a symplectic manifold, and we construct two examples of such capacities through modifications of the Hofer-Zehnder capacity. As a consequence, we obtain a non-squeezing theorem for symplectic embeddings relative to coisotropic constraints and existence results for leafwise chords on energy surfaces.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures; further corrections thanks to comments from the referee; accepted for publication in Journal of Symplectic Geometry
CEV Project Coordination Form, ADA Ramp at Hangar 72, Randolph Air Force Base
Creators: name: Shepherd, Scott B.
Publisher: name: Randolph Air Force Base
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Bexar (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4150/bexar-county
subject: Texas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/6923/texas
subject: Randolph Air Force Base
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/78971/randolph-air-force-base
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Governmental Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/318/governmental-structure
subject: Historic Governmental Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/320/historic-governmental-structure
subject: Non-Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/309/non-domestic-structures
subject: ADA Ramp
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/158205/ada-ramp
subject: Hangar 72
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/158203/hangar-72
subject: H-72
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/158204/h-72
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management

description: A thorough review of the proposal for the construction of an ADA ramp at Hangar 72 was completed. The construction will have a “no adverse effect” on the historic significance of the building if it is a non-conspicuous addition. To insure the Secretary of the Interior’s guidelines are met, Randolph Air Force Base requests that CEV provide a construction drawing of the proposed project. It is also suggested that the community planner be given the opportunity to comment.
Quantification of recombinant and platelet P2Y1 receptors utilizing a [125I]-labeled high-affinity antagonist 2-iodo-N6-methyl-(N)-methanocarba-2′-deoxyadenosine-3′,5′-bisphosphate ([125I]MRS2500)
Creators: name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Brown Jr., Garth G.
name: Gachet, Christian
name: de Castro, Sonia
name: Ohlmann, Philippe
name: Harden, T. Kendall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The ADP-activated P2Y1 receptor is broadly expressed and plays a crucial role in ADP-promoted platelet aggregation. We previously synthesized 2-iodo-N6-methyl–(N)-methanocarba-2′-deoxyadenosine 3′,5′-bisphosphate (MRS2500), as a selective, high affinity, competitive antagonist of this receptor. Here we report utilization of a trimethylstannyl precursor molecule for the multistep radiochemical synthesis of a [125I]-labeled form of MRS2500. [125I]MRS2500 bound selectively to Sf9 insect cell membranes expressing the human P2Y1 receptor but did not specifically bind to membranes isolated from empty vector-infected cells. Binding of [125I]MRS2500 to P2Y1 receptors was saturable with a Kd of 1.2 nM. Known agonists and antagonists of the P2Y1 receptor inhibited [125I]MRS2500 binding to P2Y1 receptor-expressing membranes with potencies in agreement with those previously observed in functional assays of this receptor. A high-affinity binding site for [125I]MRS2500 also was observed on intact human platelets (Kd = 0.61 nM) and mouse platelets (Kd = 1.20 nM) that exhibited the pharmacological selectivity of the P2Y1 receptor. The densities of sites observed were 151 sites/platelet and 229 sites/platelet in human and mouse platelets, respectively. In contrast, specific binding was not observed in platelets isolated from P2Y1 receptor (−/−) mice. Taken together, these data illustrate the synthesis and characterization of a novel P2Y1 receptor radioligand and its utility for examining P2Y1 receptors natively expressed on human and mouse platelets.
Entropy-variance inequalities for discrete log-concave random variables via degree of freedom
Creators: name: Aravinda, Heshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60E15, 94A17

description: We utilize a discrete version of the notion of degree of freedom to prove a sharp min-entropy-variance inequality for integer valued log-concave random variables. More specifically, we show that the geometric distribution minimizes the min-entropy within the class of log-concave probability sequences with fixed variance. As an application, we obtain a discrete Rényi entropy power inequality in the log-concave case, which improves a result of Bobkov, Marsiglietti and Melbourne (2022).
description: The final version uploaded; To appear in Discrete Mathematics
Singular robust room-temperature spin response from topological Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Zhao, Lukas
name: Deng, Haiming
name: Korshovska, Inna
name: Chen, Zhiyi
name: Konczykowski, Marcin
name: Hruban, Andrzej
name: Oganesyan, Vadim
name: Krusin-Elbaum, Lia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are a class of solids in which the nontrivial inverted bulk band structure gives rise to metallic surface states that are robust against impurity scattering. In three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators, however, the surface Dirac fermions intermix with the conducting bulk, thereby complicating access to the low energy (Dirac point) charge transport or magnetic response. Here we use differential magnetometry to probe spin rotation in the 3D topological material family (Bi$_2$Se$_3$, Bi$_2$Te$_3$, and Sb$_2$Te$_3$). We report a paramagnetic singularity in the magnetic susceptibility at low magnetic fields which persists up to room temperature, and which we demonstrate to arise from the surfaces of the samples. The singularity is universal to the entire family, largely independent of the bulk carrier density, and consistent with the existence of electronic states near the spin-degenerate Dirac point of the 2D helical metal. The exceptional thermal stability of the signal points to an intrinsic surface cooling process, likely of thermoelectric origin, and establishes a sustainable platform for the singular field-tunable Dirac spin response.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
A Topological Approach to Spectral Clustering
Creators: name: Rieser, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose two related unsupervised clustering algorithms which, for input, take data assumed to be sampled from a uniform distribution supported on a metric space $X$, and output a clustering of the data based on the selection of a topological model for the connected components of $X$. Both algorithms work by selecting a graph on the samples from a natural one-parameter family of graphs, using a geometric criterion in the first case and an information theoretic criterion in the second. The estimated connected components of $X$ are identified with the kernel of the associated graph Laplacian, which allows the algorithm to work without requiring the number of expected clusters or other auxiliary data as input.
description: 21 Pages
Neurosteroids in the context of stress: Implications for depressive disorders
Creators: name: Klatzkin, Rebecca
name: Girdler, Susan S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Animal models indicate that the neuroactive steroids 3α,5α-THP (allopregnanolone) and 3α,5α-THDOC (allotetrahydroDOC) are stress responsive, serving as homeostatic mechanisms in restoring normal GABAergic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function following stress. While neurosteroid increases to stress are adaptive in the short term, animal models of chronic stress and depression find lower brain and plasma neurosteroid concentrations and alterations in neurosteroid responses to acute stressors. It has been suggested that disruption in this homeostatic mechanism may play a pathogenic role in some psychiatric disorders related to stress. In humans, neurosteroid depletion is consistently documented in patients with current depression and may reflect their greater chronic stress. Women with the depressive disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), have greater daily stress and a greater rate of traumatic stress. While results on baseline concentrations of neuroactive steroids in PMDD are mixed, PMDD women have diminished functional sensitivity of GABAA receptors and our laboratory has found blunted allopregnanolone responses to mental stress relative to non-PMDD controls. Similarly, euthymic women with histories of clinical depression, which may represent a large proportion of PMDD women, show more severe dysphoric mood symptoms and blunted allopregnanolone responses to stress versus never-depressed women. It is suggested that failure to mount an appropriate allopregnanolone response to stress may reflect the price of repeated biological adaptations to the increased life stress that is well documented in depressive disorders and altered allopregnanolone stress responsivity may also contribute to the dysregulation seen in HPA axis function in depression.
Integrating machine learning concepts into undergraduate classes
Creators: name: Sahu, Chinmay
name: Ayotte, Blaine
name: Banavar, Mahesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this innovative practice work-in-progress paper, we compare two different methods to teach machine learning concepts to undergraduate students in Electrical Engineering. While machine learning is now being offered as a senior-level elective in several curricula, this does not mean all students are exposed to it. Exposure to the concepts and practical applications of machine learning will assist in the creation of a workforce ready to tackle problems related to machine learning, currently a hot topic in industry. Preliminary assessments indicate that this approach promotes student learning. While students prefer the proposed side-by-side teaching approach, numerical comparisons show that the workshop approach may be more effective for student learning, indicating that further work in this area is required.
description: This paper has been accepted to 2021 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)
Chronic alcohol neuroadaptation and stress contribute to susceptibility for alcohol craving and relapse
Creators: name: Heilig, Markus
name: Breese, George R.
name: Sinha, Rajita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Alcoholism is a chronic relapsing disorder. Major characteristics observed in alcoholics during an initial period of alcohol abstinence are altered physiological functions and a negative emotional state. Evidence suggests that a persistent, cumulative adaptation involving a kindling/allostasis-like process occurs during the course of repeated chronic alcohol exposures that is critical for the negative symptoms observed during alcohol withdrawal. Basic studies have provided evidence for specific neurotransmitters within identified brain sites being responsible for the negative emotion induced by the persistent cumulative adaptation following intermittent-alcohol exposures. After an extended period of abstinence, the cumulative alcohol adaptation increases susceptibility to stress- and alcohol cue-induced negative symptoms and alcohol seeking, both of which can facilitate excessive ingestion of alcohol. In the alcoholic, stressful imagery and alcohol cues alter physiological responses, enhance negative emotion, and induce craving. Brain fMRI imaging following stress and alcohol cues has documented neural changes in specific brain regions of alcoholics not observed in social drinkers. Such altered activity in brain of abstinent alcoholics to stress and alcohol cues is consistent with a continuing ethanol adaptation being responsible. Therapies in alcoholics found to block responses to stress and alcohol cues would presumably be potential treatments by which susceptibility for continued alcohol abuse can be reduced. By continuing to define the neurobiological basis of the sustained alcohol adaptation critical for the increased susceptibility of alcoholics to stress and alcohol cues that facilitate craving, a new era is expected to evolve in which the high rate of relapse in alcoholism is minimized. 250
Obstruction criteria for modular deformation problems
Creators: name: Hatley, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a newform $f=\sum a_n q^n$ of weight $k \geq 3$ and a prime $λ$ of $\mathbf{Q}(a_n)$, the deformation problem for its associated mod $λ$ Galois representation is unobstructed for all primes outside some finite set. Previous results gave an explicit bound on this finite set for $f$ of squarefree level; we modify this bound and remove the squarefree hypothesis. We also show that if the $λ$-adic deformation problem for $f$ is unobstructed, then $f$ is not congruent mod $λ$ to a newform of lower level.
description: 10 pages
Serotonin receptors and heart valve disease—It was meant 2B
Creators: name: Merryman, W. David
name: Hutcheson, Joshua D.
name: Setola, Vincent
name: Roth, Bryan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Carcinoid heart disease was one of the first valvular pathologies studied in molecular detail, and early research identified serotonin produced by oncogenic enterochromaffin cells as the likely culprit in causing changes in heart valve tissue. Researchers and physicians in the mid-1960s noted a connection between the use of several ergot-derived medications with structures similar to serotonin and the development of heart valve pathologies similar to those observed in carcinoid patients. The exact serotonergic target that mediated valvular pathogenesis remained a mystery for many years until similar cases were reported in patients using the popular diet drug Fen-Phen in the late 1990s. The Fen-Phen episode sparked renewed interest in serotonin-mediated valve disease, and studies led to the identification of the 5-HT2B receptor as the likely molecular target leading to heart valve tissue fibrosis. Subsequent studies have identified numerous other activators of the 5-HT2B receptor, and consequently, the use of many of these molecules has been linked to heart valve disease. Herein, we: review the molecular properties of the 5-HT2B receptor including factors that differentiate the 5-HT2B receptor from other 5-HT receptor subtypes, discuss the studies that led to the identification of the 5-HT2B receptor as the mediator of heart valve disease, present current efforts to identify potential valvulopathogens by screening for 5-HT2B receptor activity, and speculate on potential therapeutic benefits of 5-HT2B receptor targeting.
Preservation Brief 23, Preserving Historic Ornamental Plaster
Creators: name: Flaharty, David
Publisher: name: Technical Preservation Services, National Park Service
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Conservation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/1819/conservation
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Methodology, Theory, or Synthesis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/6/methodology-theory-or-synthesis
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management
subject: Site Stabilization
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/11/site-stabilization

description: This is number twenty-three of 42 preservation briefs prepared by the Technical Preservation Services of the National Park Service. This brief focuses on preserving historic ornamental plaster. This Preservation Brief has been prepared to assist property owners, architects, contractors, and Federal agency managers in identifying the causes of ornamental plaster failure, specifying repair and replacement techniques and engaging qualified professionals to do the work. The scope of this Brief is limited to the repair and restoration of existing ornamental plaster; certain forms of decorative plaster such as scagliola, composition ornament, and artificial Caen Stone are not addressed, nor is the design and installation of ornamental plasterwork in new construction. Finally, guidance on using substitute materials to match the historic appearance of ornamental plasterwork--a legitimate option within the Secretary of Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties--is not discussed here, but will be the subject of another Brief on interiors.
Cech Closure Spaces: A Unified Framework for Discrete and Continuous Homotopy
Creators: name: Rieser, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55Q05, 54E99

description: Motivated by constructions in topological data analysis and algebraic combinatorics, we study homotopy theory on the category of Cech closure spaces $\mathbf{Cl}$, the category whose objects are sets endowed with a Cech closure operator and whose morphisms are the continuous maps between them. We introduce new classes of Cech closure structures on metric spaces, graphs, and simplicial complexes, and we show how each of these cases gives rise to an interesting homotopy theory. In particular, we show that there exists a natural family of Cech closure structures on metric spaces which produces a non-trivial homotopy theory for finite metric spaces, i.e. point clouds, the spaces of interest in topological data analysis. We then give a Cech closure structure to graphs and simplicial complexes which may be used to construct a new combinatorial (as opposed to topological) homotopy theory for each skeleton of those spaces. We further show that there is a Seifert-van Kampen theorem for closure spaces, a well-defined notion of persistent homotopy, and an associated interleaving distance. As an illustration of the difference with the topological setting, we calculate the fundamental group for the circle, `circular graphs', and the wedge of circles endowed with different closure structures. Finally, we produce a continuous map from the topological circle to `circular graphs' which, given the appropriate closure structures, induces an isomorphism on the fundamental groups.
description: Incorporated referee comments, 42 pages
Mechanisms underlying food–drug interactions: Inhibition of intestinal metabolism and transport
Creators: name: Paine, Mary F.
name: Won, Christina S.
name: Oberlies, Nicholas H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Food-drug interaction studies are critical to evaluate appropriate dosing, timing, and formulation of new drug candidates. These interactions often reflect prandial-associated changes in the extent and/or rate of systemic drug exposure. Physiologic and physicochemical mechanisms underlying food effects on drug disposition are well-characterized. However, biochemical mechanisms involving drug metabolizing enzymes and transport proteins remain underexplored. Several plant-derived beverages have been shown to modulate enzymes and transporters in the intestine, leading to altered pharmacokinetic (PK) and potentially negative pharmacodynamic (PD) outcomes. Commonly consumed fruit juices, teas, and alcoholic drinks contain phytochemicals that inhibit intestinal cytochrome P450 and phase II conjugation enzymes, as well as uptake and efflux transport proteins. Whereas myriad phytochemicals have been shown to inhibit these processes in vitro, translation to the clinic has been deemed insignificant or undetermined. An overlooked prerequisite for elucidating food effects on drug PK is thorough knowledge of causative bioactive ingredients. Substantial variability in bioactive ingredient composition and activity of a given dietary substance poses a challenge in conducting robust food-drug interaction studies. This confounding factor can be addressed by identifying and characterizing specific components, which could be used as marker compounds to improve clinical trial design and quantitatively predict food effects. Interpretation and integration of data from in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies require collaborative expertise from multiple disciplines, from botany to clinical pharmacology (i.e., plant to patient). Development of more systematic methods and guidelines is needed to address the general lack of information on examining drug-dietary substance interactions prospectively.
Radial distribution of charged particles in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Sjue, S. K. L.
name: Broussard, L.
name: Makela, M.
name: McGaughey, P. L.
name: Young, A. R.
name: Zeck, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial spread of charged particles emitted from a point source in a magnetic field is a potential source of systematic error for any experiment where magnetic fields guide charged particles to detectors with finite size. Assuming uniform probability as a function of the phase along the particle's helical trajectory, an analytic solution for the radial probability distribution function follows which applies to experiments in which particles are generated throughout a volume that spans a sufficient length along the axis of a homogeneous magnetic field. This approach leads to the same result as a different derivation given by Dubbers et al. But the constant phase approximation does not strictly apply to finite source volumes or fixed positions, which lead to local maxima in the radial distribution of emitted particles at the plane of the detector. A simple method is given to calculate such distributions, then the effect is demonstrated with data from a $^{207}$Bi electron-conversion source in the superconducting solenoid magnet spectrometer of the Ultracold Neutron facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Potential future applications of this effect are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments
Past strategies and future directions for identifying AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) modulators
Creators: name: Brenman, Jay E.
name: Sinnett, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a promising therapeutic target for cancer, type II diabetes, and other illnesses characterized by abnormal energy utilization. During the last decade, numerous labs have published a range of methods for identifying novel AMPK modulators. The current understanding of AMPK structure and regulation, however, has propelled a paradigm shift in which many researchers now consider ADP to be an additional regulatory nucleotide of AMPK. How can the AMPK community apply this new understanding of AMPK signaling to translational research? Recent insights into AMPK structure, regulation, and holoenzyme-sensitive signaling may provide the hindsight needed to clearly evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of past AMPK drug discovery efforts. Improving future strategies for AMPK drug discovery will require pairing the current understanding of AMPK signaling with improved experimental designs.
Short-period $g$-mode pulsations in low-mass white dwarfs triggered by H shell burning
Creators: name: Córsico, A. H.
name: Althaus, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of pulsations in white dwarfs with low mass offers the possibility of probing their internal structure through asteroseismology and place constraints on the binary evolutionary processes involved in their formation. In this paper we assess the impact of stable H burning on the pulsational stability properties of low-mass He-core white dwarf models resulting from binary star evolutionary calculations. We found that, apart from a dense spectrum of unstable radial modes and nonradial $g$- and $p$-modes driven by the $κ$-mechanism due to the partial ionization of H in the stellar envelope, some unstable $g$-modes with short pulsation periods are powered also by H burning via the $\varepsilon$-mechanism of mode driving. This is the first time that $\varepsilon$-destabilized modes are found in models representative of cool white dwarf stars. The short periods recently detected in the pulsating low-mass white dwarf SDSS J111215.82+111745.0 could constitute the first evidence of the existence of stable H burning in these stars, in particular in the so-called extremely low-mass white dwarfs.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Oscillations and tidal deformations of crystallized white dwarfs
Creators: name: Tang, Yat-To
name: Lin, Lap-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long predicted more than fifty years ago, strong evidence for the existence of crystalline cores inside white dwarfs has recently been obtained by the Gaia space telescope. It is thus important to investigate how a crystalline core may affect the properties and dynamics of white dwarfs. In this paper, we first study the dependence of the frequencies of the fundamental (f), interfacial (i), and shear (s) oscillation modes on the size of the crystalline core. We find that the frequencies of the i- and s-modes depend sensitively on the size of the core, while the frequency of the f-mode is affected only slightly by at most a few percent for our chosen white dwarf models. We next consider the tidal deformability of crystallized white dwarfs and find that the effect of crystallization becomes significant only when the radius of the core is larger than about 70% of the stellar radius. The tidal deformability can change by a few to about 10 percent when a white dwarf becomes fully crystallized. We also show that there exist approximate equation-of-state insensitive relations connecting the mass, moment of inertia, tidal deformability, and f-mode frequency for pure fluid white dwarfs. Depending on the stellar mass and composition, however, these relations can be affected by a few percent when the white dwarf is crystallized. These changes could leave an imprint on the gravitational waves emitted from the late inspiral or merger of white dwarf binaries, which may be detectable by future space-borne gravitational wave detectors.
description: 12 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Accelerated motion and the self-force in Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Heffernan, Anna
name: Ottewill, Adrian C.
name: Warburton, Niels
name: Wardell, Barry
name: Diener, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide expansions of the Detweiler-Whiting singular field for motion along arbitrary, planar accelerated trajectories in Schwarzschild spacetime. We transcribe these results into mode-sum regularization parameters, computing previously unknown terms that increase the convergence rate of the mode-sum. We test our results by computing the self-force along a variety of accelerated trajectories. For non-uniformly accelerated circular orbits we present results from a new 1+1D discontinuous Galerkin time-domain code which employs an effective-source. We also present results for uniformly accelerated circular orbits and accelerated bound eccentric orbits computed within a frequency-domain treatment. Our regularization results will be useful for computing self-consistent self-force inspirals where the particle's worldline is accelerated with respect to the background spacetime.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures (accepted CQG special issue article version)
Letter From Bruce R. Nadler to F. Lawrence Oaks, Circle Housing and Duplex Housing Rehabilitation, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas
Creators: name: Nadler, Bruce R.
Publisher: name: Department of the Air Force, Air Education and Training Command
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Randolph Historic Landmark District
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83184/randolph-historic-landmark-district
subject: Randolph Field
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82870/randolph-field
subject: Texas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/6923/texas
subject: Randolph Air Force Base
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/78971/randolph-air-force-base
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Duplex Housing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2210/duplex-housing
subject: House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/259/house
subject: Circle Housing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2211/circle-housing
subject: NRHP
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2212/nrhp
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management

description: This memorandum concerns the proposed rehabilitation of family housing units at Randolph Air Force Base, and it is initial Section 106 coordination. There are 174 housing units referred to as Circle Housing and 84 housing units referred to as Duplex Housing. These buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and they are within the Randolph Field Historic Landmark District.
Trichloroethylene: Mechanistic, epidemiologic and other supporting evidence of carcinogenic hazard
Creators: name: Guyton, Kathryn Z.
name: Lash, Lawrence H.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Chiu, Weihsueh A.
name: Hansen, Johnni
name: Kromhout, Hans
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The chlorinated solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. The carcinogenic hazard of TCE was the subject of a 2012 evaluation by a Working Group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Information on exposures, relevant data from epidemiologic studies, bioassays in experimental animals, and toxicity and mechanism of action studies was used to conclude that TCE is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). This article summarizes the key evidence forming the scientific bases for the IARC classification. Exposure to TCE from environmental sources (including from hazardous waste sites and contaminated water) is common throughout the world. While workplace use of TCE has been declining, occupational exposures remain of concern, especially in developing countries. Strongest human evidence is from studies of occupational TCE exposure and kidney cancer. Positive, although less consistent, associations were reported for liver cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. TCE is carcinogenic at multiple sites in multiple species and strains of experimental animals. The mechanistic evidence includes extensive data on the toxicokinetics and genotoxicity of TCE and its metabolites. Together, available evidence provided a cohesive database supporting the human cancer hazard of TCE, particularly in the kidney. For other target sites of carcinogenicity, mechanistic and other data were found to be more limited. Important sources of susceptibility to TCE toxicity and carcinogenicity were also reviewed by the Working Group. In all, consideration of the multiple evidence streams presented herein informed the IARC conclusions regarding the carcinogenicity of TCE.
Response from Stephen Austin to Mike Johnson, Fort Sam Houston ICRMP and SOPs, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
Creators: name: Austin, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: Fort Sam Houston
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: JBSA-Sam Houston
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82532/jbsa-sam-houston
subject: San Antonio
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4149/san-antonio
subject: Bexar (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4150/bexar-county
subject: Texas
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/6923/texas
subject: ICRMP
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/152792/icrmp
subject: SOP
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/158134/sop
subject: Methodology, Theory, or Synthesis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/6/methodology-theory-or-synthesis
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan

description: This set of correspondence refers to the Fort Sam Houston ICRMP. It is mentioned that the SOPs for NA consultation are not in progress and other options are discussed. Copied to these letters is Jackie Schlatter.
ZOOpt: Toolbox for Derivative-Free Optimization
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Ren
name: Hu, Yi-Qi
name: Qian, Hong
name: Qian, Chao
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in derivative-free optimization allow efficient approximation of the global-optimal solutions of sophisticated functions, such as functions with many local optima, non-differentiable and non-continuous functions. This article describes the ZOOpt (Zeroth Order Optimization) toolbox that provides efficient derivative-free solvers and is designed easy to use. ZOOpt provides single-machine parallel optimization on the basis of python core and multi-machine distributed optimization for time-consuming tasks by incorporating with the Ray framework -- a famous platform for building distributed applications. ZOOpt particularly focuses on optimization problems in machine learning, addressing high-dimensional and noisy problems such as hyper-parameter tuning and direct policy search. The toolbox is maintained toward a ready-to-use tool in real-world machine learning tasks.
description: SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences, 2022. Codes: https://github.com/polixir/ZOOpt