cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Graphene-modified CePO4 nanorods effectively treat breast cancer-induced bone metastases and regulate macrophage polarization to improve osteo-inductive ability
Creators: name: Ge, Yu-Wei
name: Liu, Xiao-Liang
name: Yu, De-Gang
name: Zhu, Zhen-An
name: Qin-Fei Ke
name: Mao, Yuan-Qing
name: Guo, Ya-Ping
name: Zhang, Jing-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Compression properties of CePO4/CS/GO scaffolds (n=3).
The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman alpha haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3
Creators: name: Leclercq, Floriane
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Verhamme, Anne
name: Garel, Thibault
name: Blaizot, Jérémy
name: Brinchmann, Jarle
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Claeyssens, Adélaïde
name: Conseil, Simon
name: Contini, Thierry
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Herenz, Edmund Christian
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
name: Maseda, Michael
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Mitchell, Peter
name: Pezzuli, Gabriele
name: Richard, Johan
name: Schmidt, Kasper Borello
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spatially resolved maps of six individually-detected Lyman alpha haloes (LAHs) as well as a first statistical analysis of the Lyman alpha (Lya) spectral signature in the circum-galactic medium of high-redshift star-forming galaxies using MUSE. Our resolved spectroscopic analysis of the LAHs reveals significant intrahalo variations of the Lya line profile. Using a three-dimensional two-component model for the Lya emission, we measure the full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak velocity shift and the asymmetry of the Lya line in the core and in the halo of 19 galaxies. We find that the Lya line shape is statistically different in the halo compared to the core for ~40% of our galaxies. Similarly to object-by-object based studies and a recent resolved study using lensing, we find a correlation between the peak velocity shift and the width of the Lya line both at the interstellar and circum-galactic scales. While there is a lack of correlation between the spectral properties and the spatial scale lengths of our LAHs, we find a correlation between the width of the line in the LAH and the halo flux fraction. Interestingly, UV bright galaxies show broader, more redshifted and less asymmetric Lya lines in their haloes. The most significant correlation found is for the FWHM of the line and the UV continuum slope of the galaxy, suggesting that the redder galaxies have broader Lya lines. The generally broad and red line shapes found in the halo component suggests that the Lya haloes are powered either by scattering processes through an outflowing medium, fluorescent emission from outflowing cold clumps of gas, or a mix of both. Considering the large diversity of the Lya line profiles observed in our sample and the lack of strong correlation, the interpretation of our results is still broadly open and underlines the need for realistic spatially resolved models of the LAHs.
description: 17+4 pages, 12+3 figures, 2+1 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Redesign of MacMillian Courtyards
Creators: name: Haraldsson, Robert Thor
name: Parker, Lisa
name: Upton, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Studying the infrared region in Landau gauge QCD
Creators: name: Sternbeck, A.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Mueller-Preussker, M.
name: Schiller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the progress we made in studying the infrared behavior of the ghost and gluon dressing functions in Landau gauge. Related to this we also investigate a running coupling given in terms of those functions and compare our results to those coming from the Dyson-Schwinger approach. We present first numerical results for the SU(3) ghost-ghost-gluon vertex renormalization constant. In addition the spectrum of low-lying eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Faddeev-Popov operator is determined. The saturation of the ghost propagator in terms of those eigenvalues and eigenmodes is discussed at lower momenta.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at Lattice 2005 (Topology and Confinement)
Exemplary unsupervised phrase type classification from Brevity is not a universal in animal communication: evidence for compression depends on the unit of analysis in small ape vocalizations
Creators: name: Clink, Dena J.
name: Ahmad, Abdul Hamid
name: Klinck, Holger
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The figures included in this ESM are representative unsupervised phrase classifications of male solos as determined using affinity propagation clustering. Each page has four 30-sec excerpts from male solos with boxes drawn around unique phrases, and the number above the box indicates phrase type. In cases where there are two pages with the same male identifier, this is the result of the solo spanning two separate 40min recording windows.
A Roadmap for Automating the Selection of Quantum Computers for Quantum Algorithms
Creators: name: Salm, Marie
name: Barzen, Johanna
name: Breitenbücher, Uwe
name: Leymann, Frank
name: Weder, Benjamin
name: Wild, Karoline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing can enable a variety of breakthroughs in research and industry in the future. Although some quantum algorithms already exist that show a theoretical speedup compared to the best known classical algorithms, the implementation and execution of these algorithms come with several challenges. The input data determines, e.g., the required number of qubits and gates of a quantum algorithm. An algorithm implementation also depends on the used Software Development Kit which restricts the set of usable quantum computers. Because of the limited capabilities of current quantum computers, choosing an appropriate one to execute a certain implementation for a given input is a difficult challenge that requires immense mathematical knowledge about the implemented quantum algorithm as well as technical knowledge about the used Software Development Kits. Thus, we present a roadmap for the automated analysis and selection of implementations of a certain quantum algorithm and appropriate quantum computers that can execute the selected implementation with the given input data.
California Agriculture Issues and Challenges
Creators: name: Siebert, Jerry
name: Siebert, Jerry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Productivity Analysis

description: Introduction - Jerome B. Siebert, Editor; An Overview of the History of California Agriculture - Alan L. Olmstead and Paul W. Rhode; The Measure of California Agriculture: Its Significance in the State Economy - Harold 0. Carter and George Goldman; Cross Sections of a Diverse Agriculture: Profiles of California's Production Regions and Principal Commodities - Warren Johnston; Science and Technology in California Agriculture - Julian M. Alston and David Zilberman; Marketing California's Agricultural Production - Hoy F. Carman, Roberta Cook and Richard J. Sexton; Hired Farm Labor - Philip Martin and Jeffrey Perloff; California Water - Douglas D. Parker and Richard E. Howitt; Environmental Issues in California Agriculture - David Zilberman, Jerome B. Siebert and Joshua Zivin; Agriculture At the Urban Fringe: A Competition for Scarce Resources - Joshua Zivin, David Zilberman and Jerome B. Siebert; International Trade and Pacific Rim Issues - Colin A. Carter; Government Policy and California Agriculture - Daniel A. Sumner and David S. Hart
Bosonization of the $\mathbf{Q}=0$ continuum of Dirac Fermions
Creators: name: Mantilla, Sebastian
name: Sodemann, Inti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a bosonization formalism that captures non-perturbatively the interaction effects on the $\mathbf{Q}=0$ continuum of excitations of nodal fermions above one dimension. Our approach is a natural extension of the classic bosonization scheme for higher dimensional Fermi surfaces to include the $\mathbf{Q}=0$ neutral excitations that would be absent in a single-band system. The problem is reduced to solving a boson bilinear Hamiltonian. We establish a rigorous microscopic footing for this approach by showing that the solution of such boson bilinear Hamiltonian is exactly equivalent to performing the infinite sum of Feynman diagrams associated with the Kadanoff-Baym particle-hole propagator that arises from the self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation to the single particle Green's function. We apply this machinery to compute the interaction corrections to the optical conductivity of 2D Dirac Fermions with Coulomb interactions reproducing the results of perturbative renormalization group at weak coupling and extending them to the strong coupling regime.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Non-Gaussianities in models of inflation with large and negative entropic masses
Creators: name: Ferreira, Ricardo Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of inflation where the entropic directions have large and negative masses $|m_s| \gg H$ can be well described by a single-field EFT with an imaginary sound speed $c_s$. Among other features, they predict an exponential enhancement of the spectrum of scalar perturbations which however is not inherited by non-Gaussianities. In this work, I complete the calculation of the trispectrum in this EFT by considering the contributions from the contact interaction and the exchange diagram. While for most shapes the trispectrum is approximately constant, I find that for certain configurations where all the momenta collapse to a line the trispectrum is proportional to $(m_s/H)^5$ for the contact interaction and to $(m_s/H)^6$ for the exchange diagram, as anticipated by previous work. I also discuss the UV sensitivity of the results and argue why the EFT provides a good order of magnitude estimate. In the end, I confront the different predictions for the scalar spectrum against observations. In models where the entropic mass is proportional to a positive power of the slow-roll parameter $ε$, like in hyperinflation, the spectrum grows on small scales and becomes constrained by the overproduction of primordial black holes. Imposing such constraint jointly with the correct amplitude and spectral tilt at CMB scales excludes a large set of potentials. Only those where the spectral tilt is controlled by $m_s δ/H \sim {\cal O}(-0.01)$, where $δ=\dotε/(εH)$ is the second slow-roll parameter, are likely observationally viable. Finally, the constraints on the bispectrum generically impose $|c_s m_s|/H \lesssim 10-20$ while those on the trispectrum give a weaker bound when using the constraints on $g_\text{NL}^{\dotσ^4}$ as a proxy. For hyperinflation the bispectrum bound translates into $ω\lesssim 11$ where $ω$ is the turning rate in field-space.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Prediction of steroid resistance and steroid dependence in nephrotic syndrome children
Creators: name: Zaorska, Katarzyna
name: Zawierucha, Piotr
name: Świerczewska, Monika
name: Ostalska-Nowicka, Danuta
name: Zachwieja, Jacek
name: Michał Nowicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of 16 single nucleotide variants analyzed in this study. The length of the t-tail of single base extension (sbe) primers is shown as numbers in parentheses. SNP information was retrieved from Ensembl Genome Browser. All genes' accession numbers were described using GenBank database, and variants' rs numbers were verified using Variant Validator.
The Outlaw Ballad of Adam Bell: Narrative and Societal Context in 15th-Century Cumberland
Creators: name: Bryson, Alex
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2022

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 21, 81-92
description: This is the first of a two-part article which provides a detailed historicisation of the later medieval outlaw ballad of Adam Bell. It draws upon textual and contextual evidence to demonstrate that Bell reflects the socio-political conditions prevalent in early 15th century Cumberland. In particular, there are shown to be striking similarities between the violence depicted in Bell and that which was prevalent in Carlisle and its environs at this time. These themes raise doubts regarding conventional scholarly attempts to view Bell as an appendage of the later medieval Robin Hood tales, which will be discussed comparatively in the second part of this article to be published in the next issue of Transactions.
Effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on substance use among university students
Creators: name: Haaga, David
name: Grosswald, Sarina
name: Gaylord-King, Carolyn
name: Rainforth, Maxwell
name: Tanner, Melissa A.
name: Nidich, Sanford
name: Schneider, Robert H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A randomized wait-list controlled trial (𝑁 = 295 university students) of the effects of the Transcendental Meditation program was conducted in an urban setting. Substance use was assessed by self-report at baseline and 3 months later. For smoking and illicit drug use, there were no significant differences between conditions. For alcohol use, sex X intervention condition interactions were significant; TM instruction lowered drinking rates among male but not female students. TM instruction could play a valuable role in reducing alcohol use among male university students. Limitations are noted, along with suggestions for further research.
The CPT Group of the Dirac Field
Creators: name: Socolovsky, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T99 (Primary) 81R99 (Secondary)

description: Using the standard representation of the Dirac equation we show that, up to signs, there exist only TWO SETS of consistent solutions for the matrices of charge conjugation (C), parity (P), and time reversal (T). In both cases, P^2=-1, and then two succesive applications of the parity transformation to spin 1/2 fields NECESSARILY amounts to a 2πrotation. Each of these sets generates a non abelian group of sixteen elements, G_1 and G_2, which are non isomorphic subgroups of the Dirac algebra, which, being a Clifford algebra, gives a geometric nature to the generators, in particular to C. It turns out that G_1 is isomorphic to D_8 x Z_2, where D_8 is the dihedral group of eight elements (the symmetries of the square) and Z_2 is isomorphic to S^0 (the 0-sphere); while G_2 is isomorphic to a certain semidirect product of D_8 and Z_2. Instead, the corresponding quantum operators for C, P, and T generate a UNIQUE group G, which we call THE CPT GROUP OF THE DIRAC FIELD, and which is isomorphic to Q x Z_2, where Q is the quaternion group. This group, however, is compatible only with the second of the above two matrix solutions, namely with G_2, which is then called THE MATRIX CPT GROUP. It is interesting to remark that G_1, G_2, and G are the only non abelian groups of sixteen elements with three generators. Finally, the matrix groups are also given in the Weyl and Majorana representations, suitable for taking the massless limit and for describing self-conjugate fields.
description: 21 pages, plaintex, some macros of my own, International Journal of Theoretical Physics (to appear)
A dynamical mechanism for the Page curve from quantum chaos
Creators: name: Liu, Hong
name: Vardhan, Shreya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the evaporation of a black hole formed from a pure state is unitary, the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation should follow the Page curve, increasing from zero until near the halfway point of the evaporation, and then decreasing back to zero. The general argument for the Page curve is based on the assumption that the quantum state of the black hole plus radiation during the evaporation process is typical. In this paper, we show that the Page curve can result from a simple dynamical input in the evolution of the black hole, based on a recently proposed signature of quantum chaos, without resorting to typicality. Our argument is based on what we refer to as the "operator gas" approach, which allows one to understand the evolution of the microstate of the black hole from generic features of the Heisenberg evolution of operators. One key feature which leads to the Page curve is the possibility of dynamical processes where operators in the "gas" can "jump" outside the black hole, which we refer to as void formation processes. Such processes are initially exponentially suppressed, but dominate after a certain time scale, which can be used as a dynamical definition of the Page time. In the Hayden-Preskill protocol for young and old black holes, we show that void formation is also responsible for the transfer of information from the black hole to the radiation. We conjecture that void formation may provide a microscopic explanation for the recent semi-classical prescription of including islands in the calculation of the entanglement entropy of the radiation.
description: 48 pages, 15 figures
Effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on substance use among university students
Creators: name: Haaga, David
name: Grosswald, Sarina
name: Gaylord-King, Carolyn
name: Rainforth, Maxwell
name: Tanner, Melissa A.
name: Nidich, Sanford
name: Schneider, Robert H.
Publisher: name: SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: A randomized wait-list controlled trial (𝑁 = 295 university students) of the effects of the Transcendental Meditation program was conducted in an urban setting. Substance use was assessed by self-report at baseline and 3 months later. For smoking and illicit drug use, there were no significant differences between conditions. For alcohol use, sex X intervention condition interactions were significant; TM instruction lowered drinking rates among male but not female students. TM instruction could play a valuable role in reducing alcohol use among male university students. Limitations are noted, along with suggestions for further research.
Three-dimensional Simulations of Disk Accretion to an Inclined Dipole: I. Magnetospheric Flow at Different Theta
Creators: name: Romanova, Marina M.
name: Ustyugova, Galina V.
name: Koldoba, Alexander V.
name: Wick, Justin V.
name: Lovelace, Richard V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of fully three-dimensional MHD simulations of disk accretion to a rotating magnetized star with its dipole moment inclined at an angle Theta to the rotation axis of the disk. We observed that matter accretes from the disk to a star in two or several streams depending on Theta. Streams may precess around the star at small Theta. The inner regions of the disk are warped. The warping is due to the tendency of matter to co-rotate with inclined magnetosphere. The accreting matter brings positive angular momentum to the (slowly rotating) star tending to spin it up. The corresponding torque N_z depends only weakly on Theta. The angular momentum flux to the star is transported predominantly by the magnetic field; the matter component contributes < 1 % of the total flux. Results of simulations are important for understanding the nature of classical T Tauri stars, cataclysmic variables, and X-ray pulsars.
description: 26 pages, 22 figures, LaTeX, macros: emulapj.sty, avi simulations are available at http://www.astro.cornell.edu/us-rus/inclined.htm
British wilderness : A case for designation and management
Creators: name: Nicholson, Simon
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The notion of 'wilderness' has its origins in or before Biblical times and man’s relationship with wild nature has a long and changing history. In the USA, the development of the appreciation of wild landscape evolved throughout the period of colonisation and frontier consolidation. It reached its zenith with the creation in 1964 of designated Wilderness Areas backed by congressional law. Wilderness and wild nature have many meanings and much significance both in an anthropogenic and an ecological sense. In Britain, these meanings have been less clearly identified than in the USA but they nevertheless form an important part of our cultural and biological heritage. The role of wild nature in Britain is inevitably tied to a profound and long-standing involvement in land management, even in our most remote landscapes. Many aspects of this management are appreciated by recreationalists where the print of man may even enhance the positive experience of wild country. If Britain is to develop a wilderness tradition and designate wilderness areas at the top of its hierarchy of reserve areas, we must appreciate three things: firstly the ecological need for allowing natural processes to proceed without interference; secondly the value placed on artificial elements by recreationalists; and thirdly the need for a sense of remoteness, solitude and tranquillity to reign in these areas. Accommodating these three conflicting ideas will be an immensely difficult management task, especially in our most popular uplands like the Lake District. Recent discussions on the future of nature management and many current management plans for wild and remoter parts of our landscape are recognising that the wilderness tradition does have a role in British land management practice and that its development is overdue.
3DVSR: 3D EPI Volume-based Approach for Angular and Spatial Light field Image Super-resolution
Creators: name: Tran, Trung-Hieu
name: Berberich, Jan
name: Simon, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Light field (LF) imaging, which captures both spatial and angular information of a scene, is undoubtedly beneficial to numerous applications. Although various techniques have been proposed for LF acquisition, achieving both angularly and spatially high-resolution LF remains a technology challenge. In this paper, a learning-based approach applied to 3D epipolar image (EPI) is proposed to reconstruct high-resolution LF. Through a 2-stage super-resolution framework, the proposed approach effectively addresses various LF super-resolution (SR) problems, i.e., spatial SR, angular SR, and angular-spatial SR. While the first stage provides flexible options to up-sample EPI volume to the desired resolution, the second stage, which consists of a novel EPI volume-based refinement network (EVRN), substantially enhances the quality of the high-resolution EPI volume. An extensive evaluation on 90 challenging synthetic and real-world light field scenes from 7 published datasets shows that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods to a large extend for both spatial and angular super-resolution problem, i.e., an average peak signal to noise ratio improvement of more than 2.0 dB, 1.4 dB, and 3.14 dB in spatial SR $\times 2$, spatial SR $\times 4$, and angular SR respectively. The reconstructed 4D light field demonstrates a balanced performance distribution across all perspective images and presents superior visual quality compared to the previous works.
Complex Independent Component Analysis of Frequency-Domain Electroencephalographic Data
Creators: name: Anemuller, Jorn
name: Sejnowski, Terrence J.
name: Makeig, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Independent component analysis (ICA) has proven useful for modeling brain and electroencephalographic (EEG) data. Here, we present a new, generalized method to better capture the dynamics of brain signals than previous ICA algorithms. We regard EEG sources as eliciting spatio-temporal activity patterns, corresponding to, e.g., trajectories of activation propagating across cortex. This leads to a model of convolutive signal superposition, in contrast with the commonly used instantaneous mixing model. In the frequency-domain, convolutive mixing is equivalent to multiplicative mixing of complex signal sources within distinct spectral bands. We decompose the recorded spectral-domain signals into independent components by a complex infomax ICA algorithm. First results from a visual attention EEG experiment exhibit (1) sources of spatio-temporal dynamics in the data, (2) links to subject behavior, (3) sources with a limited spectral extent, and (4) a higher degree of independence compared to sources derived by standard ICA.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. Added final journal reference, fixed minor typos
The Early Merger that Made the Galaxy's Stellar Halo
Creators: name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last two years have seen widespread acceptance of the idea that the Milky Way halo was largely created in an early (8-10 Gyr ago) and massive ($> 10^{10} M_\odot$) merger. The roots of this idea pre-date the Gaia mission, but the exquisite proper motions available from Gaia have made the hypothesis irresistible. We trace the history of this idea, reviewing the series of papers that led to our current understanding.
description: 8 page text of invited review at IAU Symposium 353 `Galactic dynamics in the era of large surveys' (Eds M. Valluri, J. Sellwood)
Near optimal configurations in mean field disordered systems
Creators: name: Pagnani, A.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Ratieville, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general technique to compute how the energy of a configuration varies as a function of its overlap with the ground state in the case of optimization problems. Our approach is based on a generalization of the cavity method to a system interacting with its ground state. With this technique we study the random matching problem as well as the mean field diluted spin glass. As a byproduct of this approach we calculate the de Almeida-Thouless transition line of the spin glass on a fixed connectivity random graph.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Stellar Driven Evolution of Hydrogen-Dominated Atmospheres from Earth-Like to Super-Earth-Type Exoplanets
Creators: name: Kislyakova, K. G.
name: Holmström, M.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Erkaev, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present chapter we present the results of evolutionary studies of exoplanetary atmospheres. We mostly focus on the sub- to super-Earth domain, although these methods are applicable to all types of exoplanets. We consider both thermal and nonthermal loss processes. The type of thermal loss mechanism depends on so-called escape parameter $β$, which is the ratio of the gravitational energy of a particle to its thermal energy. While $β$ is decreasing, an exoplanet switches from classical Jeans to modified Jeans and finally to blow-off escape mechanisms. During blow-off the majority of the atmospheric particles dispose of enough energy to escape the planet's gravity field. This leads to extreme gas losses. Although nonthermal losses never exceed blow-off escape, they are of significant importance for planets with relatively weak Jeans-type escape. From the diversity of nonthermal escape mechanisms, in the present chapter we focus on ion pickup and discuss the importance of other loss mechanisms. The general conclusion of the chapter is, that escape processes strongly shape the evolution of the exoplanets and determine, if the planet loses its atmosphere due to erosion processes or, on the contrary, stays as mini-Neptune type body, which can probably not be considered as a potential habitat as we know it.
description: Originally published by: Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 H. Lammer, M. Khodachenko (eds.), Characterizing Stellar and Exoplanetary Environments, Astrophysics and Space Science Library 411
A model realizing the Harrison-Perkins-Scott lepton mixing matrix
Creators: name: Grimus, W.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a supersymmetric model in which the lepton mixing matrix $U$ obeys, at the seesaw scale, the Harrison--Perkins--Scott \textit{Ansatz}--vanishing $U_{e3}$, maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing, and $\sin^2{θ_\odot} = 1/3$ ($θ_\odot$ is the solar mixing angle). The model features a permutation symmetry $S_3$ among the three lepton multiplets of each type--left-handed doublets, right-handed charged leptons, and right-handed neutrinos--and among three Higgs doublets and three zero-hypercharge scalar singlets; a fourth right-handed neutrino, a fourth Higgs doublet, and a fourth scalar singlet are invariant under $S_3$. In addition, the model has seven $\mathbbm{Z}_2$ symmetries, out of which six do not commute with $S_3$. Supersymmetry is needed in order to eliminate some quartic terms from the scalar potential, quartic terms which would make impossible to obtain the required vacuum expectation values of the three Higgs doublets and three scalar singlets. The Yukawa couplings to the charged leptons are flavour diagonal, so that flavour-changing neutral Yukawa interactions only arise at loop level.
description: 16 pages, plain LaTeX, no figures; some clarifying remarks in the conclusions and references added, version accepted for publication in JHEP
British wilderness : A case for designation and management
Creators: name: Nicholson, Simon
Publisher: name: University of Durham, Department of Geological Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences
classificationCode: 4104
subject: Environmental management
classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: The notion of 'wilderness' has its origins in or before Biblical times and man’s relationship with wild nature has a long and changing history. In the USA, the development of the appreciation of wild landscape evolved throughout the period of colonisation and frontier consolidation. It reached its zenith with the creation in 1964 of designated Wilderness Areas backed by congressional law. Wilderness and wild nature have many meanings and much significance both in an anthropogenic and an ecological sense. In Britain, these meanings have been less clearly identified than in the USA but they nevertheless form an important part of our cultural and biological heritage. The role of wild nature in Britain is inevitably tied to a profound and long-standing involvement in land management, even in our most remote landscapes. Many aspects of this management are appreciated by recreationalists where the print of man may even enhance the positive experience of wild country. If Britain is to develop a wilderness tradition and designate wilderness areas at the top of its hierarchy of reserve areas, we must appreciate three things: firstly the ecological need for allowing natural processes to proceed without interference; secondly the value placed on artificial elements by recreationalists; and thirdly the need for a sense of remoteness, solitude and tranquillity to reign in these areas. Accommodating these three conflicting ideas will be an immensely difficult management task, especially in our most popular uplands like the Lake District. Recent discussions on the future of nature management and many current management plans for wild and remoter parts of our landscape are recognising that the wilderness tradition does have a role in British land management practice and that its development is overdue.
Discrete strip-concave functions, Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns, and related polyhedra
Creators: name: Danilov, V. I.
name: Karzanov, A. V.
name: Koshevoy, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Discrete strip-concave functions considered in this paper are, in fact, equivalent to an extension of Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns to the case when the pattern has a not necessarily triangular but convex configuration. They arise by releasing one of the three types of rhombus inequalities for discrete concave functions (or ``hives'') on a ``convex part'' of a triangular grid. The paper is devoted to a combinatorial study of certain polyhedra related to such functions or patterns, and results on faces, integer points and volumes of these polyhedra are presented. Also some relationships and applications are discussed. In particular, we characterize, in terms of valid inequalities, the polyhedral cone formed by the boundary values of discrete strip-concave functions on a grid having trapezoidal configuration. As a consequence of this result, necessary and sufficient conditions on a pair of vectors to be the shape and content of a semi-standard skew Young tableau are obtained.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Updated and extended content
Smaller may be beautiful but is it more risky? Assessing and managing political and economic risk post FDI in Costa Rica
Creators: name: Oetzel, Jennifer
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine how managers assess and manage political and economic risk once their company’s foreign direct investment (FDI) is on the ground. Using a qualitative research design involving personal interviews with CEO’s/top managers of foreign firms operating in Costa Rica, findings indicate that managers at the subsidiary level generally do not engage in political and economic risk assessment on an ongoing basis, nor do they coordinate risk assessment with MNE headquarters. Propositions are developed that suggest subsidiary size may be more important for determining a firm’s political risk than the overall size of the corporation. Also, a firm’s political risk may vary over time as the host country’s policy priorities change, particularly the policies which favor some industries over others. Findings are expected to contribute to the literature on country risk and bargaining theories as well as to the research on the role of the subsidiary in FDI.
Two Cumbrian chantries, Hutton-in-the-Forest (Bramwra) and Edenhall: a response to plague and economic change
Creators: name: Vaux, Hugh
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2022

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 21, 93-110
description: At a time of economic depression, made worse by the repeated invasions of the Scots, the Black Death struck. Despite, or perhaps because of, the horrific consequences for the people of Cumberland and Westmorland, chantries continued to be founded. This article describes the origins of one at Hutton-in-the-Forest and one at Edenhall.
Smaller may be beautiful but is it more risky? Assessing and managing political and economic risk post FDI in Costa Rica
Creators: name: Oetzel, Jennifer
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services

description: The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine how managers assess and manage political and economic risk once their company’s foreign direct investment (FDI) is on the ground. Using a qualitative research design involving personal interviews with CEO’s/top managers of foreign firms operating in Costa Rica, findings indicate that managers at the subsidiary level generally do not engage in political and economic risk assessment on an ongoing basis, nor do they coordinate risk assessment with MNE headquarters. Propositions are developed that suggest subsidiary size may be more important for determining a firm’s political risk than the overall size of the corporation. Also, a firm’s political risk may vary over time as the host country’s policy priorities change, particularly the policies which favor some industries over others. Findings are expected to contribute to the literature on country risk and bargaining theories as well as to the research on the role of the subsidiary in FDI.
Loudness and loudness discrimination revisited
Creators: name: Schneider, Bruce
name: Parker, Scott
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We present evidence that the psychophysical function relating loudness to sound pressure is governed by a nonlinear gain control system, one of whose functions is to protect the sensory system from overload. Specifically, the loudness function is altered nonlinearly when loud sounds are added in an identification task previously containing only soft sounds but not vice versa.
Additional file 2 of Prediction of steroid resistance and steroid dependence in nephrotic syndrome children
Creators: name: Zaorska, Katarzyna
name: Zawierucha, Piotr
name: Świerczewska, Monika
name: Ostalska-Nowicka, Danuta
name: Zachwieja, Jacek
name: Michał Nowicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Parameters and hyperparameters for Neural Network prediction modeling. Hyperparameters were used for searching for the best architecture of the network, while parameters are those, under which the designed models were run.
Loudness and loudness discrimination revisited
Creators: name: Schneider, Bruce
name: Parker, Scott
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We present evidence that the psychophysical function relating loudness to sound pressure is governed by a nonlinear gain control system, one of whose functions is to protect the sensory system from overload. Specifically, the loudness function is altered nonlinearly when loud sounds are added in an identification task previously containing only soft sounds but not vice versa.
Prestige Fir Flooring: Business Plan
Creators: name: Kester, Tim
name: Lush, Ryan
name: Power, Jake
name: Racher, Aaron
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
SDSS IV MaNGA -- Metallicity and ionisation parameter in local star-forming galaxies from Bayesian fitting to photoionisation models
Creators: name: Mingozzi, M.
name: Belfiore, F.
name: Cresci, G.
name: Bundy, K.
name: Bershady, M.
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Blanc, G.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Drory, N.
name: Fu, H.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Riffel, R.
name: Schaefer, A.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Telles, E.
name: Tremonti, C.
name: Zakamska, N.
name: Zhang, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured gas-phase metallicity, ionisation parameter and dust extinction for 1795 representative local star-forming galaxies using integral field spectroscopy from the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. We self-consistently derive these quantities by comparing observed line fluxes with photoionisation models using a Bayesian framework. We also present the first comprehensive study of the [SIII]$λλ$9069,9532 nebular lines, which have long been predicted to be ideal tracers of the ionisation parameter. Unfortunately, we find that current photoionisation models substantially over-predict [SIII] lines intensity, while broadly reproducing other observed optical line ratios. We discuss how to nonetheless make use of the information provided by [SIII] lines by setting a prior on the ionisation parameter. Following this approach, we derive spatially-resolved maps and radial profiles of metallicity and ionisation parameter. The metallicity radial profiles are comparable with previous works, with metallicity declining toward the outer parts and a flattening in the central regions, in agreement with infall models of galaxy formation, that predict that spiral discs build up through accretion of material, which leads to an inside-out growth. On the other hand, ionisation parameter radial profiles are flat for low-mass galaxies, while their slope becomes positive as galaxy mass increases. However, the ionisation parameter maps we obtain are clumpy, especially for low-mass galaxies. Ionisation parameter is tightly correlated with the H$α$ equivalent width [EW(H$α$)], following a nearly universal relation, which we attribute to the change of the spectral shape of ionising sources due to ageing of HII regions. We derive a positive correlation between ionisation parameter and metallicity at fixed EW(H$α$), in disagreement with previous theoretical works expecting an anti-correlation.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures, resubmitted to A&A
Additional file 3 of Prediction of steroid resistance and steroid dependence in nephrotic syndrome children
Creators: name: Zaorska, Katarzyna
name: Zawierucha, Piotr
name: Świerczewska, Monika
name: Ostalska-Nowicka, Danuta
name: Zachwieja, Jacek
name: Michał Nowicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Genotype and allele frequencies. All frequencies were calculated for 9 distinct SNPs and 1 CNV and the association with nephrotic syndrome phenotypes upon steroid treatment was determined using the Fisher's exact test. Calculations were made for dominant (AA vs. Aa + aa), recessive (AA + Aa vs. aa), over-dominant (Aa vs. AA + aa) and allelic (A vs. a) genetic models. Significant results are shown in bold; *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001. Abbreviations: NS, nephrotic syndrome; SR, steroid resistant; SS, steroid sensitive; SD, steroid dependent; PSS, primarily steroid sensitive.
Bioethics in popular science : evaluating the media impact of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks on the biobank debate
Creators: name: Nibset, Matthew C.
name: Fahy, Declan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The global expansion of biobanks has led to a range of bioethical concerns related to consent, privacy, control, ownership, and disclosure. As an opportunity to engage broader audiences on these concerns, bioethicists have welcomed the commercial success of Rebecca Skloot’s 2010 bestselling book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. To assess the impact of the book on discussion within the media and popular culture more generally, we systematically analyzed the ethics-related themes emphasized in reviews and articles about the book, and in interviews and profiles of Skloot.
Additional file 4 of Prediction of steroid resistance and steroid dependence in nephrotic syndrome children
Creators: name: Zaorska, Katarzyna
name: Zawierucha, Piotr
name: Świerczewska, Monika
name: Ostalska-Nowicka, Danuta
name: Zachwieja, Jacek
name: Michał Nowicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Logistic regression analysis followed by testing deviation from additivity in a multiplicative model. Logistic regression was applied for additive, dominant, recessive, allelic and genotypic models. The regression coefficients represented as chi square values indicates the increase of the effect of each minor allele in creating a phenotype. NA is displayed when the number of rare genotypes in at least one of the subgroups is less than the default value, i.e. 10. Significant results are shown in bold; *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001. † Multiplicative model testing for additivity; ‡ Genotypic model testing deviation from additivity; Abbreviations: NS, nephrotic syndrome; SR, steroid resistant; SS, steroid sensitive; SD, steroid dependent; PSS, primarily steroid sensitive.