cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhanced nonlinear quantum metrology with weakly coupled solitons and particle losses
Creators: name: Alodjants, Alexander
name: Tsarev, Dmitriy
name: Ngo, The Vinh
name: Lee, Ray-Kuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimation of physical parameters with Heisenberg sensitivity and beyond is one of the crucial problems for current quantum metrology. However, unavoidable lossy effect is commonly believed to be the main obstacle when applying fragile quantum states. To utilize the lossy quantum metrology, we offer an interferometric procedure for phase parameters estimation at the Heisenberg (up to 1/N) and super-Heisenberg (up to 1/N^3) scaling levels in the framework of the linear and nonlinear metrology approaches, respectively. The heart of our setup is the novel soliton Josephson Junction (SJJ) system providing the formation of the quantum probe, i.e, the entangled Fock (N00N-like) state, beyond the superfluid-Mott insulator quantum phase transition point. We illustrate that such states are close to the optimal ones even with moderate losses. The enhancement of phase estimation accuracy remains feasible both for the linear and nonlinear metrologies with the SJJs, and allows further improvement for the current experiments performed with atomic condensate solitons with a mesoscopic number of particles.
MOESM1 of A simple and cost-effective method for screening of CRISPR/Cas9-induced homozygous/biallelic mutants
Creators: name: Guo, Jinggong
name: Li, Kun
name: Jin, Lifeng
name: Xu, Rui
name: Miao, Kaiting
name: Yang, Fengbo
name: Qi, Chaoya
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Botella, Jose
name: Wang, Ran
name: Miao, Yuchen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Sequences of each gene and CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants or synthesized templates used in all experiments.
Discordance of dipole asymmetries seen in recent large radio surveys with the Cosmological Principle
Creators: name: Singal, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, large radio surveys of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), comprising millions of sources, have become available where one could investigate dipole asymmetries, assumedly arising due to a peculiar motion of the Solar system. Investigations of such dipoles have yielded in past much larger amplitudes than the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole, though their directions seem to lie close to the CMB dipole. Here we investigate dipole asymmetries in two recent large radio surveys, Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS) containing 1.9 million sources, covering the sky north of $-40^\circ$ declination, and the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS) containing 2.1 million sources, covering the sky south of $+30^\circ$ declination. We find dipoles determined from the VLASS and RACS surveys to be significantly larger than the CMB dipole. Dipole directions from the VLASS and RACS data differ significantly from each other. Nevertheless, along with a number of other previously determined dipoles, including the CMB, they all appear to lie in a narrow sky region, which argues for the various dipoles to be related somehow. However, significant differences in their derived peculiar velocities, including that of the CMB, cannot be explained by a peculiar motion of the Solar system, which should necessarily be a single value. Instead, their discordant peculiar velocities may be indicating that different cosmic reference frames are moving relative to each other or that the matter distribution on cosmic scales is not homogeneous and isotropic, either scenario being in contravention of what expected from the Cosmological Principle (CP).
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted in MNRAS
title: The impact of climate, socio-political and COVID-19 shocks on Tunisia's potential growth
Creators: name: Dridi, Kamel
Publisher: name: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/007ygn379
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Working Paper ; no. 21/2024
SEAM: An Integrated Activation-Coupled Model of Sentence Processing and Eye Movements in Reading
Creators: name: Rabe, Maximilian M.
name: Paape, Dario
name: Mertzen, Daniela
name: Vasishth, Shravan
name: Engbert, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Models of eye-movement control during reading, developed largely within psychology, usually focus on visual, attentional, lexical, and motor processes but neglect post-lexical language processing; by contrast, models of sentence comprehension processes, developed largely within psycholinguistics, generally focus only on post-lexical language processes. We present a model that combines these two research threads, by integrating eye-movement control and sentence processing. Developing such an integrated model is extremely challenging and computationally demanding, but such an integration is an important step toward complete mathematical models of natural language comprehension in reading. We combine the SWIFT model of eye-movement control (Seelig et al., 2020, doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2019.102313) with key components of the Lewis and Vasishth sentence processing model (Lewis & Vasishth, 2005, doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_25). This integration becomes possible, for the first time, due in part to recent advances in successful parameter identification in dynamical models, which allows us to investigate profile log-likelihoods for individual model parameters. We present a fully implemented proof-of-concept model demonstrating how such an integrated model can be achieved; our approach includes Bayesian model inference with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling as a key computational tool. The integrated Sentence-Processing and Eye-Movement Activation-Coupled Model (SEAM) can successfully reproduce eye movement patterns that arise due to similarity-based interference in reading. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever integration of a complete process model of eye-movement control with linguistic dependency completion processes in sentence comprehension. In future work, this proof of concept model will need to be evaluated using a comprehensive set of benchmark data.
Signatures of Type III Solar Radio Bursts from Nanoflares: Modeling
Creators: name: Chhabra, Sherry
name: Klimchuk, James A.
name: Gary, Dale E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a wide consensus that the ubiquitous presence of magnetic reconnection events and the associated impulsive heating (nanoflares) is a strong candidate for solving the solar coronal heating problem. Whether nanoflares accelerate particles to high energies like full-sized flares is unknown. We investigate this question by studying the type III radio bursts that the nanoflares may produce on closed loops. The characteristic frequency-drifts that type III bursts exhibit can be detected using a novel application of the time-lag technique developed by Viall & Klimchuk (2012) even when there are multiple overlapping bursts. We present a simple numerical model that simulates the expected radio emission from nanoflares in an active region (AR), which we use to test and calibrate the technique. We find that in the case of closed loops the frequency spectrum of type III bursts is expected to be extremely steep such that significant emission is produced at a given frequency only for a rather narrow range of loop lengths. We also find that the signature of bursts in the time-lag signal diminishes as: (1)the variety of participating loops within that range increases; (2)the occurrence rate of bursts increases; (3) the duration of bursts increases; and (4) the brightness of the bursts decreases relative to noise. In addition, our model suggests a possible origin of type I bursts as a natural consequence of type III emission in a closed-loop geometry.
Vulnerable Resilient and Climate Justice Communities: A policy and satisfaction evaluation of post-disaster temporary housing
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTGiven the rise of natural disasters, post-disaster reconstruction plays an essential role in forming resilient communities. However, among the multiple post-disaster reconstruction processes, temporary housing had been ignored by most post-disaster reconstruction practitioners. The 2009 Typhoon Morakot post-disaster management process was no exception. Therefore, this study uses literature research, interviews, and a time-series questionnaire to understand the temporary housing policy, stakeholders' opinions associated with the post-disaster management process, and the temporary shelter and housing living satisfaction trends. Two typhoon-affected indigenous communities located in southern Taiwan were selected as case studies owing to similarities in their social structure and conditions. Findings from this research shows that past experience and collaborating NGO might be the principal factors that influence the decision making on temporary housing policy. Moreover, an ideal environment and location for temporary housing are essential for living satisfaction. Finally, this research suggests an ideal pre-established policy, community-centered considerations, and spatial design are crucial for the future of temporary shelter and housing programs.
title: Herausforderungen bei der  Kapazitätsplanung Ganztag
title: Eine Analyse am Beispiel der Fontanestadt Neuruppin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Geißler, René
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Kindertagesbetreuung
Bedarfsplanung
Ganztagsbetreuung
Grundschule
Grundschulkind
Jugendhilfe
Kommune

description: Der Bundesgesetzgeber hat den Rechtsanspruch auf ganztägige Förderung und Betreuung für Grundschulkinder ab dem Schuljahr 2026/2027 in der Jugendhilfe verankert. Damit sind die Kommunen als örtliche Träger der Jugendhilfe in der Pflicht, den Rechtsanspruch zu erfüllen. Eine Untersuchung in Neuruppin schlüsselt Bedarfsplanung, Struktur und Finanzierung der Kindertagesbetreuung zwischen Land, Kreis und kreisangehöriger Gemeinde auf und zeigt die Herausforderungen auf.
Remaking the rural: Alternative forms of revitalization in post-growth Japan
Creators: name: Ji, Yao
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70106 Farm Management, Rural Management and Agribusiness
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 120501 Community Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTJapan is one of the first countries to enter a post-growth era characterized by demographic and economic decline. The pressing issues of a decreasing and aging population call for an evaluation of current planning and governance. This paper examines existing urban-rural linkages in Japan under the framework of a post-growth society to learn how both top-down government-initiated strategies in conjunction with creative approaches at the grassroots level can work together to address the urban-rural divide. The research draws on ethnographic data collected over a two-year period that includes interviews with rural migrants, local community residents and staff of non-profit organizations to shed light on current experiences of people living and working in these remote but active communities. The results reveal the increasingly important role of rural migrants and repeat visitors who are playing a key role in the shaping of a new rural in the physical remaking of rural landscapes. The study may be useful to policy makers and those engaged in revitalization activities in rural communities to understand local perspectives on the challenges and opportunities associated with rural living in the 21st century.
Grasseiteles punctus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Grasseiteles
Grasseiteles punctus

description: Grasseiteles punctus (HOLMGREN, 1857), det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 7: 1♀ 1-13.vi., 1♀ 13-27.vii., 3♀♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 10- 24.viii.; 1♀ 24.viii.-7.ix.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Existence and Stability of Kayaking Orbits for Nematic Liquid Crystals in Simple Shear Flow
Creators: name: Chillingworth, David
name: Forest, M. Gregory
name: Lauterbach, Reiner
name: Wulff, Claudia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nematic liquid crystals
subject: kayaking periodic orbits
subject: steady shear flow
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We use geometric methods of equivariant dynamical systems to address a long-standing open problem in the theory of nematic liquid crystals, namely a proof of the existence and asymptotic stability of kayaking periodic orbits in response to steady shear flow. These are orbits for which the principal axis of orientation of the molecular field (the director) rotates out of the plane of shear and around the vorticity axis. With a small parameter attached to the symmetric part of the velocity gradient, the problem can be viewed as a symmetry-breaking bifurcation from an orbit of the rotation group SO(3) that contains both logrolling (equilibrium) and tumbling (periodic rotation of the director within the plane of shear) regimes as well as a continuum of neutrally stable kayaking orbits. The results turn out to require expansion to second order in the perturbation parameter.
A LOFAR sample of luminous compact sources coincident with nearby dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Vohl, D.
name: Vedantham, H. K.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Cook, D. O.
name: Kaplan, D. L.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Zhang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vast majority of extragalactic compact continuum radio sources are associated with star formation or jets from (super)massive black holes and, as such, are more likely to be found in association with starburst galaxies or early-type galaxies. Two new populations of radio sources were recently identified: (a) compact and persistent sources (PRSs) associated with fast radio bursts (FRBs) in dwarf galaxies and (b) compact sources in dwarf galaxies that could belong to the long-sought population of intermediate-mass black holes. Despite the interesting aspects of these newly found sources, the current sample size is small, limiting scrutiny of the underlying population. Here, we present a search for compact radio sources coincident with dwarf galaxies. We search the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey (LoTSS), the most sensitive low-frequency (144 MHz central frequency) large-area survey for optically thin synchrotron emission to date. Exploiting the high spatial resolution (6 arcsec) and low astrometric uncertainty (~0.2 arcsec) of the LoTSS, we match its compact sources to the compiled sample of dwarf galaxies in the Census of the Local Universe, an H alpha survey with the Palomar Observatory 48 inch Samuel Oschin Telescope. We identify 29 over-luminous compact radio sources, evaluate the probability of chance alignment within the sample, investigate the potential nature of these sources, and evaluate their volumetric density and volumetric rate. While optical line-ratio diagnostics on the nebular lines from the host galaxies support a star-formation origin rather than an AGN origin, future high-angular-resolution radio data are necessary to ascertain the origin of the radio sources. We discuss planned strategies to differentiate between candidate FRB hosts and intermediate-mass black holes.
description: Accepted to A&A
The Brighter-Fatter Effect in the JWST MIRI Si:As IBC detectors I. Observations, impact on science, and modelling
Creators: name: Argyriou, Ioannis
name: Lage, Craig
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Gasman, Danny
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Morrison, Jane
name: Libralato, Mattia
name: Dicken, Daniel
name: Brandl, Bernhard R.
name: Álvarez-Márquez, Javier
name: Labiano, Alvaro
name: Regan, Michael
name: Ressler, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) uses three Si:As impurity band conduction (IBC) detector arrays. The output voltage level of each MIRI detector pixel is digitally recorded by sampling-up-the-ramp. For uniform or low-contrast illumination, the pixel ramps become non-linear in a predictable way, but in areas of high contrast, the non-linearity curve becomes much more complex. The origin of the effect is poorly understood and currently not calibrated. We provide observational evidence of the Brighter-Fatter Effect (BFE) in MIRI conventional and high-contrast coronographic imaging, low-resolution spectroscopy, and medium-resolution spectroscopy data and investigate the physical mechanism that gives rise to the effect on the MIRI detector pixel raw voltage integration ramps. We use public data from the JWST MIRI commissioning and Cycle 1 phase. We also develop a numerical electrostatic model of the MIRI detectors using a modified version of the public Poisson_CCD code. We find that the physical mechanism behind the BFE manifesting in MIRI data is fundamentally different to that of CCDs and photodiode arrays such as the Hawaii-XRG (HXRG) near-infrared detectors used by the NIRISS, NIRCam, and NIRSpec instruments on board JWST. Observationally, the BFE makes the JWST MIRI data yield 10-25 % larger point sources and spectral line profiles as a function of the relative level of debiasing of neighboring detector pixels. This broadening impacts the MIRI absolute flux calibration, time-series observations of faint companions, and PSF modeling and subtraction. We also find that the intra-pixel 2D profile of the shrinking Si:As IBC detector depletion region directly impacts the accuracy of the pixel ramp non-linearity calibration model.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
The existential completion
Creators: name: Trotta, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18C10, 18C15, 18D05

description: We determine the existential completion of a primary doctrine, and we prove that the 2-monad obtained from it is lax-idempotent, and that the 2-category of existential doctrines is isomorphic to the 2-category of algebras for this 2-monad. We also show that the existential completion of an elementary doctrine is again elementary. Finally we extend the notion of exact completion of an elementary existential doctrine to an arbitrary elementary doctrine.
title: Tashia Hankerson - Seattle COVID-19 Oral History Project - Oral History Transcript
Creators: name: Labor Archives of Washington
Publisher: name: Labor Archives of Washington
Year: 2021

description: Oral History interview with Tashia Hankerson, patient services specialist at Harborview Medical Center and Vice President-Acting President, AFSCME Council 28 (WFSE), Local 3488, about working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Completed on April 22, 2021. This interview is part of the Working in the Time of COVID-19 Oral History Project by the Labor Archives of Washington, University of Washington Libraries. Laborarchives.org

This item contains three parts: oral history audio/video file, caption file (.srt), and full text transcription (.pdf).
Remaking the rural: Alternative forms of revitalization in post-growth Japan
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTJapan is one of the first countries to enter a post-growth era characterized by demographic and economic decline. The pressing issues of a decreasing and aging population call for an evaluation of current planning and governance. This paper examines existing urban-rural linkages in Japan under the framework of a post-growth society to learn how both top-down government-initiated strategies in conjunction with creative approaches at the grassroots level can work together to address the urban-rural divide. The research draws on ethnographic data collected over a two-year period that includes interviews with rural migrants, local community residents and staff of non-profit organizations to shed light on current experiences of people living and working in these remote but active communities. The results reveal the increasingly important role of rural migrants and repeat visitors who are playing a key role in the shaping of a new rural in the physical remaking of rural landscapes. The study may be useful to policy makers and those engaged in revitalization activities in rural communities to understand local perspectives on the challenges and opportunities associated with rural living in the 21st century.
Evidence of extreme domain wall speeds under ultrafast optical excitation
Creators: name: Jangid, Rahul
name: Hagström, Nanna Zhou
name: Madhavi, Meera
name: Rockwell, Kyle
name: Shaw, Justin M.
name: Brock, Jeffrey A.
name: Pancaldi, Matteo
name: De Angelis, Dario
name: Capotondi, Flavio
name: Pedersoli, Emanuele
name: Nembach, Hans T.
name: Keller, Mark W.
name: Bonetti, Stefano
name: Fullerton, Eric E.
name: Iacocca, Ezio
name: Kukreja, Roopali
name: Silva, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-resolved ultrafast EUV magnetic scattering was used to test a recent prediction of >10 km/s domain wall speeds by optically exciting a magnetic sample with a nanoscale labyrinthine domain pattern. Ultrafast distortion of the diffraction pattern was observed at markedly different timescales compared to the magnetization quenching. The diffraction pattern distortion shows a threshold-dependence with laser fluence, not seen for magnetization quenching, consistent with a picture of domain wall motion with pinning sites. Supported by simulations, we show that a speed of $\approx$ 66 km/s for highly curved domain walls can explain the experimental data. While our data agree with the prediction of extreme, non-equilibrium wall speeds locally, it differs from the details of the theory, suggesting that additional mechanisms are required to fully understand these effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Supplemental Material: 9 pages, 9 figures
Interdisciplinary Physician-Pharmacist Medication Review for Outpatients With Heart Failure: A Subanalysis of the PHARM-CHF Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Schumacher, Pia M.
name: Griese-Mammen, Nina
name: Schneider, Juliana
name: Laufs, Ulrich
name: Schulz, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: heart failure
subject: medication discrepancy
subject: medication reconciliation
subject: interdisciplinary care
subject: community pharmacy service
subject: medication plan
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Aims: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) require polypharmacy and are at increased risk for drug-related problems. Interdisciplinary physician-pharmacist medication review may improve drug treatment. Our goal was to analyze the changes from the physician-documented medication plan (MP) and patient-stated medication to an interdisciplinary consolidated MP (CMP). Methods: This pre-specified subanalysis of the PHARM-CHF randomized controlled trial analyzed the medication review of CHF patients in the pharmacy care group. Community pharmacists compared the MP with the drug regimen stated by the patient and consulted with physicians on identified discrepancies and other medication-related problems resulting in a CMP. Results: We analyzed 93 patients (mean 74.0 ± 6.6 years, 37.6% female), taking a median of ten (IQR 8–13) drugs. 80.6% of patients had at least one change from MP to CMP. We identified changes in 32.7% (303/926) of drugs. The most common correction was the addition of a drug not documented in the MP to the CMP (43.2%). We also determined frequent modifications in the dosing regimens (37.6%). The omission of a drug documented in the MP but left out of the CMP accounted for 19.1%. Comparing patient-stated medication to CMP, the current drug regimen of patients was changed in 22.4% of drugs. Conclusion: The medication review resulted in changes of medication between MP and CMP in most of the patients and affected one-third of drugs. Structured physician-pharmacist interdisciplinary care is able to harmonize and optimize the drug treatment of CHF patients.
What Makes an Accretion-Powered Millisecond Pulsar?
Creators: name: Ozel, Feryal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of pulse amplitudes of accreting millisecond pulsars on the masses of the neutron stars. Because the pulsation amplitudes are suppressed as the neutron stars become more massive, the probability of detection of pulsations decreases in systems that have been accreting for a long time. However, the probability of detectable pulsations is higher in transient systems where the mass accretion is sporadic and the neutron star is likely to have a low mass. We propose this mechanism as the explanation of the small number of millisecond X-ray pulsars found to date, as well as their emergence as fast pulsars mostly in transient, low-Mdot systems. This mechanism can also quantitatively explain the lack of pulsars in the majority of LMXBs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Mendogia diffusa sp. nov. and an updated key to the species of Mendogia (Myriangiaceae, Dothideomycetes)
Creators: name: Thiyagaraja, Vinodhini
name: Lücking, Robert
name: Ertz, Damien
name: Samarakoon, Milan C.
name: Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N.
name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: one new species
subject: morphology
subject: multilocus phylogeny
subject: saprotroph
subject: taxonomy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Background Mendogia belongs to Dothideomycetes and its members are epiphytic on living bamboo culms or palms and distributed in tropical regions. Currently, the genus comprises seven species. Another collection resembling Mendogia was collected from the leaves of Fagales sp. in Thailand. Morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses, using ITS, LSU and SSU sequences, showed that the fungus is new to science, described herein as Mendogia diffusa. Mendogia diffusa is characterised by apothecial ascostromata, a carbonised epithecium, dark brown setae on the ascostromatal surface, hyaline paraphysoids, ovoid to clavate asci and oblong to elliptical, muriform ascospores. The fungus has a dark pigmented surface and is occasionally facultatively associated with patches of green algae, but not actually lichenised. Instead, the fungus penetrates the upper leaf surface, forming dark pigmented isodiametric cells below the epidermis. New information Re-examination of specimens of M. chiangraiensis, M. macrostroma and M. yunnanensis revealed the absence of algal associations. The status of Mendogia philippinensis (= M. calami) and M. bambusina (= Uleopeltis bambusina) was established, based on morphological comparisons and previous studies. Comprehensive morphological descriptions with phylogenetic analyses support M. diffusa as a novel species in Myriangiaceae. An updated key to the known species of the genus is also provided.
“Missing mutations” in MPS I: Identification of two novel copy number variations by an IDUA‐specific in house MLPA assay
Creators: name: Jahic, Amir
name: Günther, Sven
name: Muschol, Nicole
name: Fossøy Stadheim, Barbro
name: Braaten, Øivind
name: Kjensli Hyldebrandt, Hanne
name: Kuiper, Gé‐Ann
name: Tylee, Karen
name: Wijburg, Frits A.
name: Beetz, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: copy number variations
subject: deletion
subject: duplication
subject: IDUA
subject: MLPA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a rare, recessively inherited lysosomal storage disorder, characterized by progressive multi-systemic disease. It is caused by a reduced or absent alpha-l iduronidase (IDUA) enzyme activity secondary to biallelic loss-of-function variants in the IDUA. Over 200 causative variants in IDUA have been identified. Nevertheless, there is a fraction of MPS I patients with only a single mutated IDUA allele detectable. Methods: As genetic testing of MPS I is usually based on sequencing methods, copy number variations (CNVs) in IDUA can be missed and therefore presumably remain underdiagnosed. The aim of this study was the detection of CNVs using an IDUA-specific in house multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay. Results: A total of five unrelated MPS I patient samples were re-analyzed after only a single heterozygous IDUA mutation c.979G>C (p.A327P), c.1469T>C (p.L490P), c.1598C>G (p.P533R), c.1205G>A (p.W402X), c.973-7C>G (p.?) could be identified. We detected a novel splice site variant c.973-7C>G (p.?), as well as two novel CNVs, a large deletion of IDUA exon 14 and 3'UTR c.(1828 + 1_1829-1)_(*1963_?)del, and a large duplication extending from IDUA exon 2 to intron 12 c.(157 + 1_158-1)_(1727 + 1_1728-1)dup. Conclusion: Together with the CNVs we previously identified, a total of four pathogenic IDUA CNVs have now been reported.
Integral equation models for solvent in macromolecular crystals
Creators: name: Gray, Jonathon G.
name: Giambaşu, George M.
name: Case, David A.
name: Luchko, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solvent can occupy up to ~70% of macromolecular crystals and hence having models that predict solvent distributions in periodic systems could improve in the interpretation of crystallographic data. Yet there are few implicit solvent models applicable to periodic solutes while crystallographic structures are commonly solved assuming a flat solvent model. Here we present a newly-developed periodic version of the 3D-RISM integral equation method that is able to solve for efficiently and describe accurately water and ions distributions in periodic systems; the code can compute accurate gradients that can be used in minimizations or molecular dynamics simulations. The new method includes an extension of the OZ equation needed to yield charge neutrality for charged solutes which requires an additional contribution to the excess chemical potential that has not been previously identified; this is an important consideration for nucleic acids or any other charged system where most or all of the counter- and co-ions are part of the "disordered" solvent. We present of several calculations of protein, RNA and small molecule crystals to show that X-ray scattering intensities and solvent structure predicted by the periodic 3D-RISM solvent model are in closer agreement with experiment than are intensities computed using the default flat solvent model in the refmac5 or phenix refinement programs, with the greatest improvement in the 2 to 4 Å range. Prospects for incorporating integral equation models into crystallographic refinement are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figure, 5 tables
Rethinking the socio-ecological resilience of linpan rural landscape under the threat of COVID-19
Creators: name: Wu, Shuang
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 120107 Landscape Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTThe rapid expansion of COVID-19 is incurring the rethinking of human society's capacity for coping with major public health events. While "big data" have been widely used to analyze the impact of COVID-19, very limited study was found in rural areas where such kinds of "data" are lacking. This situation will inevitably lead to an incomplete understanding of the pandemic impacts and biased decisions due to the fragmentary information. In this study, I focused on the agrarian communities in rural areas of Chengdu city where linpan system (wooded lots) characterizes as a cultural landscape. Considering COVID-19 as a threat, this study hopes to understand the socio-ecological resilience of linpan system under the external pressures both qualitatively and quantitatively, combining ethnographic interviews with geospatial analysis, landscape ecology and graph theory. It was found that the spatial pattern of linpan system managed by local communities shows a dispersed distribution pattern, which naturally maintaining a "social distance" while keeping socio-economic connections tightly through periodical rural-market systems. This indigenous knowledge and traditional practices have not been well understood and integrated into development planning, which led to a decrease of socio-ecological resilience against external shocks such as the pandemic or climate change.
Collagen Fibrils Mechanically Contribute to Tissue Contraction in an In Vitro Wound Healing Scenario
Creators: name: Brauer, Erik
name: Lippens, Evi
name: Klein, Oliver
name: Nebrich, Grit
name: Schreivogel, Sophie
name: Korus, Gabriela
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Petersen, Ansgar
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cell force
subject: collagen
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: second harmonic imaging
subject: tension
subject: tissue regeneration
subject: traction force microscopy
subject: wound contraction
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Wound contraction is an ancient survival mechanism of vertebrates that results from tensile forces supporting wound closure. So far, tissue tension was attributed to cellular forces produced by tissue-resident (myo-) fibroblasts alone. However, difficulties in explaining pathological deviations from a successful healing path motivate the exploration of additional modulatory factors. Here, it is shown in a biomaterial-based in vitro wound healing model that the storage of tensile forces in the extracellular matrix has a significant, so-far neglected contribution to macroscopic tissue tension. In situ monitoring of tissue forces together with second harmonic imaging reveal that the appearance of collagen fibrils correlates with tissue contraction, indicating a mechanical contribution of tensioned collagen fibrils in the contraction process. As the re-establishment of tissue tension is key to successful wound healing, the findings are expected to advance the understanding of tissue healing but also underlying principles of misregulation and impaired functionality in scars and tissue contractures.
Combining RAS(ON) G12C-selective inhibitor with SHP2 inhibition sensitises lung tumours to immune checkpoint blockade.
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Panayiotis
name: Moore, Christopher
name: Rana, Sareena
name: Tomaschko, Mona
name: Pillsbury, Claire E
name: de Castro, Andrea
name: Boumelha, Jesse
name: Mugarza, Edurne
name: de Carné Trécesson, Sophie
name: Mikolajczak, Ania
name: Blaj, Cristina
name: Goldstone, Robert
name: Smith, Jacqueline AM
name: Quintana, Elsa
name: Molina-Arcas, Miriam
name: Downward, Julian
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology

description: Mutant selective drugs targeting the inactive, GDP-bound form of KRASG12C have been approved for use in lung cancer, but resistance develops rapidly. Here we use an inhibitor, (RMC-4998) that targets RASG12C in its active, GTP-bound form, to treat KRAS mutant lung cancer in various immune competent mouse models. RAS pathway reactivation after RMC-4998 treatment could be delayed using combined treatment with a SHP2 inhibitor, which not only impacts tumour cell RAS signalling but also remodels the tumour microenvironment to be less immunosuppressive. In an immune inflamed model, RAS and SHP2 inhibitors in combination drive durable responses by suppressing tumour relapse and inducing development of immune memory. In an immune excluded model, combined RAS and SHP2 inhibition sensitises tumours to immune checkpoint blockade, leading to efficient tumour immune rejection. These preclinical results demonstrate the potential of the combination of RAS(ON) G12C-selective inhibitors with SHP2 inhibitors to sensitize tumours to immune checkpoint blockade.
Rethinking the socio-ecological resilience of linpan rural landscape under the threat of COVID-19
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTThe rapid expansion of COVID-19 is incurring the rethinking of human society's capacity for coping with major public health events. While "big data" have been widely used to analyze the impact of COVID-19, very limited study was found in rural areas where such kinds of "data" are lacking. This situation will inevitably lead to an incomplete understanding of the pandemic impacts and biased decisions due to the fragmentary information. In this study, I focused on the agrarian communities in rural areas of Chengdu city where linpan system (wooded lots) characterizes as a cultural landscape. Considering COVID-19 as a threat, this study hopes to understand the socio-ecological resilience of linpan system under the external pressures both qualitatively and quantitatively, combining ethnographic interviews with geospatial analysis, landscape ecology and graph theory. It was found that the spatial pattern of linpan system managed by local communities shows a dispersed distribution pattern, which naturally maintaining a "social distance" while keeping socio-economic connections tightly through periodical rural-market systems. This indigenous knowledge and traditional practices have not been well understood and integrated into development planning, which led to a decrease of socio-ecological resilience against external shocks such as the pandemic or climate change.
Decays of $B$ meson to two charmed mesons
Creators: name: Li, Run-Hui
name: Wang, Xiao-Xia
name: Sanda, A. I.
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The factorization theorem in Decays of $B_{(s)}$ mesons to two charmed mesons (both pseudoscalar and vector) can still be proved in the leading order in $m_D/m_B$ and $Λ_{\rm{QCD}}/m_D$ expansion. Working in the perturbative QCD approach, we find that the factorizable emission diagrams are dominant. Most of branching ratios we compute agree with the experimental data well, which means that the factorization theorem seems to be reliable in predicting branching ratios for these decays. In the decays of a $B$ meson to two vector charmed mesons, the transverse polarization states contribute $40%-50%$ both in the processes with an external W emission and in the pure annihilation decays. This is in agreement with the present experimental data. We also calculate the CP asymmetry parameters. The results show that the direct CP asymmetries are very small. Thus observation of any large direct CP asymmetry will be a signal for new physics. The mixing induced CP asymmetry in the neutral modes is large. This is also in agreement with the current experimental measurements. They can give a cross check of the $\sin 2β$ measurement from other channels.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, version appeared in PRD
The future of ecological water landscape. Adapting the existing to sea level rise.
Creators: name: Grasso, Rosa
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60306 Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50101 Ecological Impacts of Climate Change
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 120102 Architectural Heritage and Conservation
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTClimate change is producing a radical mutation in the world of design, inviting designers to change their attitude from designers of the present to facilitators of the future, placing them before the challenge of planning the unexpected of a territorial structure that we know will change drastically, but in ways not actually foreseeable. The following research focuses on this change of attitude, probing the attention on the issue of sea level rise through a compositional and design exploration. If technical solutions such as dams and resistant waterfront are activated on one side, on the other it is necessary to identify coexistence strategies with the variation of the sea, especially for those peripheral areas where it is not possible to foresee heavy infrastructure investments. The challenge is to imagine new aquatic landscapes of the future, to create both the basis for dialogue and a reference tool for change. For this purpose, the research started by wondering what the constitution of the current landscape is, how it can be defined and what the bases are for an imaginary of future water landscapes. The proposed solution is that of exploration through the representation of a compositional catalog of the water space, which allows to sample the current elements of which the territory is composed, and then, through the instruments of drawing and composition, probing its evolution according to the scenario of sea level rise. The result is therefore that of a large table of elements that speaks of the territory and its transformation, of the current relationship between architecture and water and of what could come, an orientation abacus for the composition of the future water landscape.