cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulations of Magnetized Astrophysical Jets and Comparison with Laboratory Laser Experiments
Creators: name: Belyaev, V. S.
name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
name: Gromov, A. I.
name: Zagreev, B. V.
name: Lobanov, A. V.
name: Matafonov, A. P.
name: Moiseenko, S. G.
name: Toropina, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of MHD numerical simulations of the formation and development of magnetized jets are presented. Similarity criteria for comparisons of the results of laboratory laser experiments and numerical simulations of astrophysical jets are discussed. The results of laboratory simulations of jets generated in experiments at the Neodim laser installation are presented.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, published in Astronomy reports 62, 162-188, 2018
Right-handed Neutrinos as Superheavy Dark Matter
Creators: name: Uehara, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that right-handed neutrinos are very long-lived dark matter. The long lifetime is realized by the separation of the wavefunction of right-handed neutrinos and that of other fermions in an extra dimension. Such long-lived and superheavy dark matter can naturally explain observed ultra high energy cosmic rays above the GZK cutoff (5 * 10^{19} eV) and huge amounts of cold dark matter simultaneously. Furthermore, the exponentially suppressed Yukawa couplings of right-handed neutrinos leads to the high predictablilty on the mass parameter of the neutrinoless double beta decay, as all the models which predict very small neutrino mass of one generation.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, to appear in JHEP
Cascade Calculations with Schematic Interactions
Creators: name: Wolfe, Levering
name: Zamick, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous works we considered schematic Hamiltonians represented by simplified matrices. We defined 2 transition operators and calculated transition strengths from the ground state to all exited states. In many cases the strengths decreased nearly exponentially with excitation energy. Now we do the reverse We start with the highest energy state and calculate the cascade of transitions until the ground states is reached. On a log plot we show the average transition strength as a function of the number of energy intervals that were crossed. We give an analytic proof of exponential behavior for transition strength in the weak coupling limit for the T2 transition operator.
Pion Propagation near the QCD Chiral Phase Transition
Creators: name: Son, D. T.
name: Stephanov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that, in analogy with spin waves in antiferromagnets, all parameters describing the real-time propagation of soft pions at temperatures below the QCD chiral phase transition can be expressed in terms of static correlators. This allows, in principle, the determination of the soft pion dispersion relation on the lattice. Using scaling and universality arguments, we determine the critical behavior of the parameters of pion propagation. We predict that when the critical temperature is approached from below, the pole mass of the pion drops despite the growth of the pion screening mass. This fact is attributed to the decrease of the pion velocity near the phase transition.
description: 8 pages (single column), RevTeX; added references, version to be published in PRL
A history of Nauru
Creators: name: Viviani, Nancy
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Nauru History

description: Nauru is a very small, very isolated island with a small indigenous population, yet in 1963 it was making world headlines. Microscopic though its problems were, they seemed typical of those of many emerging countries, and the very limitations of its existence, circumscribing political, economic, social and cultural change, promised to allow me the opportunity to examine such variations at close range without the complication of the many factors which would intrude in larger, more populous areas. From the pre-annexation days before 1888 Nauru's evolution to 1966 has been quite complex. Politically it has experienced four colonial administrations and now pursues the promise of self-government. Economically it has moved from a time of subsistence overshadowed by droughts into sixty years of abundance by Pacific standards which now, however, seem to be threatened by the imminent exhaustion of the phosphate deposits; and socially and culturally it has changed from a pre-European contact stage of 'happy savagery to a baffling cultural unease. A hope of being able to understand the 1966 Nauruan is another reason lying behind this work.
Chemical composition of the experimental soil from When resistance is futile, tolerate instead: silicon promotes plant compensatory growth when attacked by above- and belowground herbivores
Creators: name: Johnson, Scott N.
name: Reynolds, Olivia L.
name: Gurr, Geoff M.
name: Esveld, Jessica L.
name: Moore, Ben D.
name: Tory, Gavin J.
name: Gherlenda, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Chemical composition of the soil used in the study (N = 2). Analysis conducted on oven dried (40ºC) soil sieved < 2mm by Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Southern Cross University, Australia. Specific methods described in Rayment and Lyons [1].
Analysis of over-magnetization of elemental transition metal solids from the SCAN Density Functional
Creators: name: Mejia-Rodriguez, Daniel
name: Trickey, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent investigations have found that the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional significantly over-magnetizes elemental Fe, Co, and Ni solids. For the paradigmatic case, bcc Fe, the error relative to experiment is $\gtrsim 20 \%$. Comparative analysis of magnetization results from SCAN and its \textit{deorbitalized} counterpart, SCAN-L, leads to identification of the source of the discrepancy. It is not from the difference between Kohn-Sham (SCAN-L) and generalized Kohn-Sham (SCAN) procedures. The key is the iso-orbital indicator $α$ (the ratio of the local Pauli and Thomas-Fermi kinetic energy densities). Its \textit{deorbitalized} counterpart, $α_L$, has more dispersion in both spin channels with respect to magnetization in an approximate region between 0.6 Bohr and 1.2 Bohr around an Fe nucleus. The overall effect is that the SCAN switching function evaluated with $α_L$ reduces the energetic disadvantage of the down channel with respect to up compared to the original $α$, which in turn reduces the magnetization. This identifies the cause of the SCAN magnetization error as insensitivity of the SCAN switching function to $α$ values in the approximate range $0.5 \lesssim α\lesssim 0.8$ and oversensitivity for $α\gtrsim 0.8$.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, revised version
The corrigibility of moral judgements
Creators: name: Davies, Colin Anthony
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1967

description: I argue that if one allows that the question: 'Why should one be concerned about the interests of people other than oneself or the group of which one is a member?', is one that can properly be asked, then one must admit that the position of any particular selfish :person or any particular selfish group is rationally on all fours with any unselfish position. Chapter I I discuss the view that if E does to NE something that is contrary to NE’s interests, then E is rationally required to justify his action, and that it is possible to determine whether E does justify it (or, at any rate, fails to justify it) without thereby making a moral commitment which is itself in need of justification. In reply I argue that this argument only works if E and his objector have made the same relevant moral commitments. That is to say, the objector's claim that E’s action is not justified, while it may not itself be a moral judgement (e.g. he may simply be saying that E is inconsistent), does presuppose a certain moral commitment, and if E has not made the same commitment then the objector's argument will be unsuccessful, (i.e E is not rationally required to agree with it).
Additional file 1: of Development and evaluation of improved lines with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast using nine resistance genes
Creators: name: Jiang, Haichao
name: Li, Zhi
name: Liu, Jia
name: Shen, Zhikang
name: Gao, Guanjun
name: Zhang, Qinglu
name: He, Yuqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. SSR or InDel markers used for selection of blast resistance genes. (DOCX 19 kb)
Power-like abundance of elements in Universe
Creators: name: Wilk, G.
name: Wlodarczyk, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The apparently observed power-like abundance of elements in Universe is discussed in more detail with special emphasis put on the strangelets.
description: Presented at XXXII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics, Alushta, Crimea, Ukraine, September 7-13, 2002. To be published by World Scientific (2003) (style file ws-procs9x6.cls attached). Some misprints corrected
Leadership and social cleavages : political processes among the Indians in Labasa, Fiji Islands
Creators: name: Chauhan, Ishwar Singh
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1969
Subjects: subject: Fiji Politics and government
subject: Fiji Social conditions Case studies

description: This study focuses attention on the Indian community and seeks to shed some light on the political aspects of its adaptation to the social situation in Labasa. Adaptation is a complex, multi-dimensional phenomenon involving diverse processes of growth and change. For the analysis of the implications and effects of the political elements involved in these processes, my approach has to some extent paralleled that of G-luckman (1958) and Epstein (1958). At the same time I have incorporated within it, though not without qualifications, methodological advancements presented in two companion volumes - 'Political Anthropology' (Swartz et. al. 1966) and 'Local Level Politics' (Swartz 1968).
Modulated Scale-free Network in the Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Manna, S. S.
name: Sen, Parongama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A random network is grown by introducing at unit rate randomly selected nodes on the Euclidean space. A node is randomly connected to its $i$-th predecessor of degree $k_i$ with a directed link of length $\ell$ using a probability proportional to $k_i \ell^α$. Our numerical study indicates that the network is Scale-free for all values of $α> α_c $ and the degree distribution decays stretched exponentially for the other values of $α$. The link length distribution follows a power law: $D(\ell) \sim \ell^δ$ where $δ$ is calculated exactly for the whole range of values of $α$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Physical Review E
Yangian Invariants and Cluster Adjacency in N=4 Yang-Mills
Creators: name: Mago, Jorge
name: Schreiber, Anders
name: Spradlin, Marcus
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture that every rational Yangian invariant in N=4 SYM theory satisfies a recently introduced notion of cluster adjacency. We provide evidence for this conjecture by using the Sklyanin Poisson bracket on Gr(4,n) to check numerous examples.
description: 14 pages; v2: minor changes
Determination of microbial numbers in anaerobically digested biofertilisers
Creators: name: Janerson Jose Coelho
name: Prieto, Maria Luz
name: Hennessy, Aoife
name: Casey, Imelda
name: Woodcock, Tony
name: Nabla Kennedy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study aimed to quantity total numbers of bacteria, fungi and archaea in different types of commercial liquid anaerobic digestates, and to identify common patterns in their microbial numbers post-digestion and possible implications of their use as biofertiliser. Relationships between microbial numbers and physical-chemical traits of the digestates were also investigated. Quantification was performed using culturable and molecular (quantitative PCR) approaches. Bacterial and fungal CFUs ranged up to five orders of magnitude (105 to 1010; 0 to 105 g-1 DW, respectively) between different types of anaerobic digestates. Bacterial, archaeal and fungal gene copy numbers (GCN) varied by two orders of magnitude (108 to 1010; 107 to 109; 104 to 106 g-1 DW, respectively) between digestates. All microbial variables analysed showed significant differences between the different types of anaerobic digestate investigated (p 4 CFU g-1 DW) were much lower than for bacteria (2.23 × 109 CFU g-1 DW). Gene copy numbers were highest for bacteria (16S) (1.09 × 1010 g-1 DW), followed by archaea (16S) (5.87 × 108 g-1 DW), and fungi (18S) (1.77 × 106 g-1 DW). Liquid anaerobic digestates were predominantly dominated by bacteria, followed by archaeal and fungal populations. At 50% similarity level, the microbial profiles of the eleven anaerobic digestates tested separated into just two groups, indicating a broad relative degree of similarity in terms of microbial numbers. Higher bacterial (16S) GCN was associated with low OM and C/N ratio in digestates.
On the Size of Hadrons
Creators: name: Pauli, Hans-Christian
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form factor and the mean-square radius of the pion are calculated analytically from a parametrized form of a $q\bar q$ wave function. The numerical wave function was obtained previously by solving numerically an eigenvalue equation for the pion in a particular model. The analytical formulas are of more general interest than just be valid for the pion and can be generalized to the case with unequal quark masses. Two different parametrizations are investigated. Because of the highly relativistic problem, noticable deviations from a non-relativistic formula are obtained.
description: 14 pages, minor typos corrected, several points clarified, results unchanged
The White Women's Protection Ordinance : a study in the history of Papua 1926-1934
Creators: name: Inglis, Amirah
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Papua (Territory). White Women's Protection Ordinance, 1926
subject: Sex crimes Papua (Territory)
subject: Papua (Territory) History

description: This thesis is about the passage by Sir Hubert Murray of Papua of the White Women’s Protection Ordinance of 1926. It was a piece of legislation so discriminatory in its provisions, so harsh in its penalties, so startingly out of character with what has come to be regarded as Murray’s ’native policy' that no appraisal of Murray's rule and its effect on Papuans, no history of pre-war Papua can be complete without an explanation of it. The White Women's Protection Ordinance was a significant expression of one aspect of the relations between black and white, the fear of sexual attack by black men on white women and girls, the 'Black Peril*. My thesis describes this fear, the passage of the Ordinance and its implementation, attempts to explain these things in order to illumine Port Moresby society in the 1920s and 1930s and to add to our knowledge and understanding of Papuan colonial history and of the Murray regime in particular.
See-saw mechanism and four light neutrino state
Creators: name: Czakon, M.
name: Gluza, J.
name: Zralek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formal proof is given that in a see-saw type neutrino mass matrix with only two neutrino mass scales ($m_D \ll m_R$) and the maximal rank of $m_{R(D)}$, we can not get a fourth light sterile neutrino.
description: 5 pages
Japanese defense policy, 1945-1970
Creators: name: Welfield, John Barnett
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1972

description: Since the end of the Occupation, the defence policy of the Japanese Government has been based on a bilateral security treaty with the United States. Japan has also built up substantial ground, sea and air forces. Yet the Japanese have taken no active part in regional defence organizations. In spite of her intimate connections with the United States, Japan has not been directly involved in hostilities with any of America's antagonists. In the twenty-five years since the end of the Pacific War, not a single Japanese soldier has served outside Japan. The 1960s saw Japan's final emergence as a great economic power. By the end of the decade she ranked third after the United States and the Soviet Union in the global hierarchy of gross national products. Her international involvement reached new levels of complexity. Decisions taken in Tokyo had world wide repercussions. In innumerable ways, and through a variety of channels, Japan's ability to sway the affairs of the world had probably never been greater. Yet her direct military influence in Asia and the Pacific seemed as slight as it had been during the Heian era.
Progress towards characterizing ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources
Creators: name: Muzio, Marco Stein
name: Unger, Michael
name: Farrar, Glennys R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a multimessenger approach to constrain realistic mixed composition models of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources using the latest cosmic ray, neutrino, and gamma-ray data. We build on the successful Unger-Farrar-Anchordoqui 2015 (UFA15) model which explains the shape of the spectrum and its complex composition evolution via photodisintegration of accelerated nuclei in the photon field surrounding the source. We explore the constraints which can currently be placed on the redshift evolution of sources and the temperature of the photon field surrounding the sources. We show that a good fit is obtained to all data either with a source which accelerates a narrow range of nuclear masses or a Milky Way-like mix of nuclear compositions, but in the latter case the nearest source should be 30-50 Mpc away from the Milky Way in order to fit observations from the Pierre Auger Observatory. We also ask whether the data allow for a subdominant purely protonic component at UHE in addition to the primary UFA15 mixed composition component. We find that such a two-component model can significantly improve the fit to cosmic ray data while being compatible with current multimessenger data.
description: Fixed 26% normalization error, conclusions remain unchanged
A new generic evolution for $k$-essence dark energy with $w \approx -1$
Creators: name: Kehayias, John
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reexamine $k$-essence dark energy models with a scalar field $ϕ$ and a factorized Lagrangian, $\mathcal L = V(ϕ)F(X)$, with $X = \frac{1}{2} \nabla_μϕ\nabla^μϕ.$ A value of the equation of state parameter, $w$, near $-1$ requires either $X \approx 0$ or $dF/dX \approx 0$. Previous work showed that thawing models with $X \approx 0$ evolve along a set of unique trajectories for $w(a)$, while those with $dF/dX \approx 0$ can result in a variety of different forms for $w(a)$. We show that if $dV/dϕ$ is small and $(1/V)(dV/dϕ)$ is roughly constant, then the latter models also converge toward a single unique set of behaviors for $w(a)$, different from those with $X \approx 0$. We derive the functional form for $w(a)$ in this case, determine the conditions on $V(ϕ)$ for which it applies, and present observational constraints on this new class of models. We note that $k$-essence models with $dF/dX \approx 0$ correspond to a dark energy sound speed $c_s^2 \approx 0$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, discussion and references added
Mobula loupianensis Cappetta 1970
Creators: name: Adnet, Sylvain
name: Cappetta, Henri
name: Guinot, Guillaume
name: Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula loupianensis

description: † MOBULA LOUPIANENSIS CAPPETTA, 1970
 Occurrences: Langhian of southern France (Cappetta, 1970) and North Carolina (Purdy et al., 2001). Serravallian of Portugal (Jonet, 1976).
 Remarks: Particularly well illustrated by Jonet (1976: figs 1–13) with male (monocupsidate teeth) and female (not well cuspidate) specimens, the morphology of † Mo. loupianensis is clearly close to that observed in the living species Mo. hypostoma. The tooth crown of males has a massive central cusp with sometimes a pair of small denticles located at each extremity in occlusal view. The tooth crown of females is devoid of a cusp but the visor can occasionally be very slightly irregular in occlusal view. Dental differences with the living species are tenuous but the teeth of † Mo. loupianensis (particularly the females) present a smoother enameloid than in Mo. hypostoma, in which the labial face is slightly marked by some folds. Cicimurri & Knight (2009: fig. 9A–F) reported a large variety of morphotypes of mobulids from the upper Chattian of South Carolina. The authors considered that they all belong to a unique species attributed to † Mo. cf. loupianensis and suggested that all the Neogene species such as † Mo. pectinata, † Mobula irenae, and † Mo. loupianensis are possibly conspecific. However, their material differs from the distinctive Miocene Mo. loupianensis in the presence of an irregular surface, sometimes dotted by deep folds on the labial face of the crown and by the root being higher than wide. If the Chattian species belongs to the mobulid group with comb-like teeth (close to the Mo. hypostoma / Mo. rochebrunei subgroup), they probably belong to a species other than † Mo. loupianensis.
description: Published as part of Adnet, Sylvain, Cappetta, Henri, Guinot, Guillaume & Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di, 2012, Evolutionary history of the devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) from fossil and morphological inference, pp. 132-159 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166 (1) on page 139, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00844.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5408589
Branes and Inflationary Cosmology
Creators: name: Kyae, Bumseok
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a brane based inflationary scenario in which an initially non-supersymmetric configuration involving a D4 brane is dynamically transformed into a supersymmteric one in a background space-time geometry determined by a stack of D6 branes. Inflation is realized in the effective four dimensional theory and ends after reaching a stable BPS configuration. The scalar spectral index turns out to be 0.98. Under some simplifying assumption the reheat temperature, Hubble constant and the string scale are estimated to be of order $10^{8}$ GeV, $10^{12}$ GeV and $10^{16}$ GeV, respectively.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures
Fig. S1. Stable isotopes of Nonsulphide Zn–Pb ores in Britain and Ireland: fluid characteristics and paleoclimatic variability
Creators: name: Boni, Maria
name: Gilg, Hans Albert
name: Balassone, Giuseppina
name: Mondillo, Nicola
name: Menschik, Florian
name: Rumsey, Mike
name: Struck, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fig. S1. Groundwater temperatures (mean annual atmospheric temperatures; Walsh, 2012; Stonard et al., 2010) and O-isotope compositions (Darling & Talbot 2003; Darling et al. 2003) throughout Ireland and Britain.
Multi-Messenger Astrophysics
Creators: name: Mészáros, Péter
name: Fox, Derek B.
name: Hanna, Chad
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger astrophysics, a long-anticipated extension to traditional and multiwavelength astronomy, has recently emerged as a distinct discipline providing unique and valuable insights into the properties and processes of the physical universe. These insights arise from the inherently complementary information carried by photons, gravitational waves, neutrinos, and cosmic rays about individual cosmic sources and source populations. Realizing the observation of astrophysical sources via non-photonic messengers has presented enormous challenges, as evidenced by the fiscal and physical scales of the multi-messenger observatories. However, the scientific payoff has already been substantial, with even greater rewards promised in the years ahead. In this review we survey the current status of multi-messenger astrophysics, highlighting some exciting recent results, and addressing the major follow-on questions they have raised. Key recent achievements include the measurement of the spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays out to the highest observable energies; discovery of the diffuse high energy neutrino background; the first direct detections of gravitational waves and the use of gravitational waves to characterize merging black holes and neutron stars in strong-field gravity; and the identification of the first joint electromagnetic + gravitational wave and electromagnetic + high-energy neutrino multi-messenger sources. We then review the rationales for the next generation of multi-messenger observatories, and outline a vision of the most likely future directions for this exciting and rapidly advancing field.
description: Revised version of MS originally submitted on March 31, 2019; appeared in Nature Reviews Physics, 1:585 (2019); https://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-019-0101-z
Revisiting $Λ_{b}\toΛ_{c}$ and $Σ_{b}\toΣ_{c}$ weak decays in the light-front quark model
Creators: name: Ke, Hong-Wei
name: Hao, Ning
name: Li, Xue-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study $Λ_{b}\toΛ_{c}$ and $Σ_{b}\toΣ_{c}$ weak decays in the light-front quark model. As is well known, the key point for such calculations is properly evaluating the hadronic transition matrix elements which are dominated by the non-perturbative QCD effect. In our calculation, we employ the light-front quark model and rather than the traditional diquark picture, we account the two spectator light quarks as individual ones. Namely during the transition, they retain their color indices, momenta and spin polarizations unchanged. Definitely, the subsystem composed of the two light quarks is still in a color-anti-triplet and possesses a definite spin, but we do not priori assume the two light quarks to be in a bound system-diquark. Our purpose is probing the diquark picture, via comparing the results with the available data, we test the validity and applicability of the diquark structure which turns a three-body problem into a two-body one, so greatly simplifies the calculation. It is indicated that the two approaches (diquark and a subsystem within which the two light quarks are free) lead to similar numerical results even though the model parameters in the two schemes might deviate slightly. Thus, the diquark approach seems sufficiently reasonable.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, accepted by EPJC
Mirror model for sterile neutrinos
Creators: name: Berezinsky, Veniamin
name: Narayan, Mohan
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos are studied as subdominant contribution to solar neutrino physics. The mirror-matter neutrinos are considered as sterile neutrinos. We use the symmetric mirror model with gravitational communication between mirror and visible sectors. This communication term provides mixing between visible and mirror neutrinos with the basic scale mu=v^2/M_Pl=5*10^-6 eV, where v=174 GeV is the vacuum expectation value of the standard electroweak group and M_Pl is the Planckian mass. It is demonstrated that each mass eigenstate of active neutrinos splits into two states separated by small Delta m^2. Unsuppressed oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos nu_a --> nu_s occur only in transitions between each of these close pairs (``windows''). These oscillations are characterized by very small Delta m^2 and can suppress the flux and distort spectrum of pp-neutrinos in detectable way. The other observable effect is anomalous seasonal variation of neutrino flux, which appears in LMA solution. The considered subdominant neutrino oscillations nu_a nu_s can reveal itself as big effects in observations of supernova neutrinos and high energy (HE) neutrinos. In the case of HE neutrinos they can provide a very large diffuse flux of active neutrinos unconstrained by the e-m cascade upper limit.
description: 30 pags, 5 figs. V2: Refs added, minor editing. Accepted in NPB
LA COVID 19 DANS LA VILLE DE TOUBA : DE LA RÉSISTANCE À LA RÉSILIENCE COMMUNAUTAIRE.
Creators: name: TOURE, Mamadou Ndong
Publisher: name: harmattan, Sénégal
Year: 2023
Subjects: Covid 19; Perception; Transmission communautaire; Résilience; Ville deTouba

description: This article comes from the research project "Transmission of Covid 19 in Senegal: analysis of the socio-spatial dynamics of the factors of propagation in the region of Dakar and the town of Touba", implemented by the LEIDI Laboratory of the Gaston Berger University from 2021 to 2022 (02 years). It analyses the problem of community perception of the COVID-19 pandemic and its evolution in the town of Touba. It takes stock of the factors involved in resistance to and denial of the disease, and of the occupational categories most affected (commerce and transport). The overall aim of the study is to contribute to a better understanding of the community dynamics that prevailed during the Covid 19 pandemic in the city of Touba. Specifically, the aim is to question community players about their perception of the disease, and then the characteristics that explain the spread of the pandemic, particularly in terms of trade and transport. The methodology is based on the overall methodology of the research project mentioned above. The tools of the Active Participatory Research Method were favoured because of their ability to capture socio-economic realities through focus groups, interviews and testimonials, which we combined with a survey of 500 individuals from different socio-professional categories. The main findings are that community-based approaches should be favoured to deal with pandemics and future epidemics. Community transmission is generally linked to the precarious living conditions of a population that is often hard-working and obliged to travel every day in search of daily expenses in places open to the public, notably markets and bus stations.
The Straits Settlements 1867-1874
Creators: name: Rajendra, Nagendiram
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Straits Settlements History
subject: Straits Settlements Politics and government

description: The period 1867 to 1874 has hitherto been regarded either as an epilogue to India Office rule in the Straits Settlements or as a prologue to British intervention in the Malay States. Such a view has tended to obscure the painful process of transforming the Straits Settlements from a distant outpost of India to the newest Crown Colony of Britain; of replacing a quaint and informal administration with an efficient and somewhat formal government more suited to the future expansion of British interests in the area. The present study attempts to trace some of the major changes introduced not only in the political and constitutional realms but in the social and economic areas as well. However, the study is by no means a complete survey of the development of the Straits Settlements during the years 1867 to 1874. Agriculture and land tenure are not discussed in detail since many of the problems associated with these were resolved much later. Currency reforms were minor and material on these are therefore included in the appendices. The appendices also include material on security and defence. The weaknesses in the defence arrangements against external attacks were realised. However, little priority was given to improving the defence since an external attack was considered only as a remote possibility. On the other hand, for internal security, the Police Force was completely reorganised and expanded although further changes were needed, especially in the calibre of men entering certain ranks, in order to make the force an efficient one. The external relations of the Straits Settlements, especially with the Malay States, has been a topic ably dealt with by several eminent scholars. Consequently, in the present work, the topic is omitted although some reference to it is made in the concluding chapter.
Mobula pectinata
Creators: name: Adnet, Sylvain
name: Cappetta, Henri
name: Guinot, Guillaume
name: Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula pectinata

description: † MOBULA PECTINATA (CAPPETTA, 1970)
 Occurrences: Langian of southern France (Cappetta, 1970) and Serravalian of Portugal (Jonet, 1976).? Late Oligocene–Early Miocene of the Old Church Formation in Virginia (USA).
 Remarks: Cappetta (1970) first suggested a close relationship with the living Mo. tarapacana (formerly Mobula coilloti in the text) but it appears that the resemblance to the extant Mo. thurstoni is stronger. Compared to the material attributed to † Mo. loupianensis, the labial surface is slightly folded. The lingual visor is generally multicuspidate with two cusplike extensions located at each crown extremity, as observed in teeth of male specimens of † Mo. loupianensis. Müller (1999) figured three teeth (as Mobula sp.) from the Late Oligocene–Early Miocene of the Old Church Formation in Virginia (USA), that could be cautiously referred to † Mo. pectinata.
description: Published as part of Adnet, Sylvain, Cappetta, Henri, Guinot, Guillaume & Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di, 2012, Evolutionary history of the devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) from fossil and morphological inference, pp. 132-159 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166 (1) on page 139, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00844.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5408589
Thermal Conductivity in 3D NJL Model Under External Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Ferrer, E. J.
name: Gusynin, V. P.
name: de la Incera, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity of the (2+1)-dimensional NJL model in the presence of a constant magnetic field is calculated in the mean-field approximation and its different asymptotic regimes are analyzed. Taking into account the dynamical generation of a fermion mass due to the magnetic catalysis phenomenon, it is shown that for certain relations among the theory's parameters (particle width, temperature and magnetic field), the profile of the thermal conductivity versus the applied field exhibits kink- and plateau-like behaviors. We point out possible applications to planar condensed matter.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Quadratic Divergences in Kaluza-Klein Theories
Creators: name: Ghilencea, Dumitru
name: Nilles, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the so-called ``Kaluza-Klein regularisation'' procedure in supersymmetric extensions of the standard model with additional compact dimensions and Scherk-Schwarz mechanism for supersymmetry breaking. This procedure uses a specific mathematical manipulation to obtain a finite result for the scalar potential. By performing the full calculation, we show that the finiteness of this result is not only a consequence of the underlying supersymmetry, but also the result of an implicit fine-tuning of the coefficients of the terms that control the ultraviolet behaviour. The finiteness of the Higgs mass at one-loop level seems therefore to be an artefact of the regularisation scheme, and quadratic divergences are expected to reappear in higher orders of perturbation theory.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX
Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering in Metals: A Diagrammatic Approach
Creators: name: Tsvelik, A. M.
name: Konik, R. M.
name: Prokof'ev, N. V.
name: Tupitsyn, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a formalism to study the Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) response in metals based on the diagrammatic expansion for its cross section. The standard approach to the solution of the RIXS problem relies on two key approximations: short-range potentials and non-interacting conduction electrons. However, these approximations are inaccurate for charged particles in metals, where the long-range Coulomb interaction and dynamic screening effects are very important. In this work we study how to extract important information about collective excitations in the Coulomb plasma, plasmons and electron-hole pairs, from RIXS data. We find that single- and multi-plasmon excitations can easily be distinguished by positions of the corresponding peaks, singularities, and their intensities. We also discuss the hybrid processes, where plasmon emission is accompanied by excitation of electron-hole pairs, and study how they manifest themselves.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Appendix
The geomorphology of Chillagoe Limestones : variations with lithology
Creators: name: Lundberg, Joyce
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Landforms Australia Chillagoe (Qld.)
subject: Limestone
subject: Karst

description: Tropical limestone landscapes are frequently characterised by residual hills. This contrasts with the temperate climate "classical" karst where the landscape is made up of closed depressions or "dolines". These hill-dominated tropical landscapes are usually divided into (i) cone karst or "kegel karst" and (ii) tower karst or "turm karst" (Sweeting,1972).
Radiative (phi -> f_0(980) gamma) decay in light cone QCD sum rules
Creators: name: aliev, T. M.
name: Ozpineci, A.
name: Savci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light cone QCD sum rules method is used to calculate the transition form factor for the radiative (phi -> f_0 gamma) decay, assuming that the quark content of the (f_0) meson is pure (bar{s}s) state. The branching ratio is estimated to be Br(phi -> f_0 gamma) = 3.5 x (1 pm 0.3) x 10^(-4). A comparison of our prediction on branching ratio with the theoretical results and experimental data existing in literature is presented.
description: 8 pp, 1 figure (postscript formatted), LaTex formatted
Fig. S2. Stable isotopes of Nonsulphide Zn–Pb ores in Britain and Ireland: fluid characteristics and paleoclimatic variability
Creators: name: Boni, Maria
name: Gilg, Hans Albert
name: Balassone, Giuseppina
name: Mondillo, Nicola
name: Menschik, Florian
name: Rumsey, Mike
name: Struck, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fig. S2. SEM micrographs on polished sections of selected specimens from the mineral collections of the Natural History Museum (London, UK) and the authors' collected samples. (A), pyrite remnants and Fe-(hydr)oxides from Priddy, Mendip Hills (Somerset) (BM.1985,Lud5931); (B), smithsonite (with Ca) from the East Harptree mine, Mendip Hills (Somerset); (C), concretionary smithsonite replacing sphalerite from Alston (Cumbria) (BM.40181); (D), zoned Ca- and Cd- hosting) smithsonite from the Halkyn mine, Holywell Clwyd (Wales) (BM.69190); (E), smithsonite and cerussite replacing galena in the same sample from the Halkyn mine, (BM.69190); (F), zoned (Fe- and Mn-hosting) smithsonite from the Ross Island Mine, Killarney, Co. Kerry (Ireland) (BM.1964,R6302).
Essays analysing historical cases of economic intervention by national governments
Creators: name: Martina, Alan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Economic policy
subject: Tariff on textile fabrics United States
subject: Japan Economic policy
subject: United States Economic conditions To 1865
subject: Great Britain Colonies Economic policy

description: The three essays which make up this thesis deal with particular historical cases where the market in various national, or international, markets may have failed to function Pareto-optimally. While indicating in each of the essays where the relevant market(s) may have failed, the essential objective of these essays is to critically assess the government economic interventionist policies which these market failures called forth. The first essay attempts to establish whether, or not, the Japanese government of the Meiji period was constrained from attaining Pareto-optimal levels of economic intervention by virtue of the fact that it was prevented by international trade treaties from imposing tariffs on imports. While it is shown that in a world without any subsidiary constraints the Japanese government probably still could have achieved Pareto-optimum levels of intervention, once other apparently realistic institutional constraints are imposed on the analysis this result becomes less certain. The second essay is mainly concerned with determining whether or not the government assistance given to the United States cotton textile industry of the ante-bellum period was optimally applied. This government intervention is mainly assessed from the point of view of the infant industry argument, although part of the discussion departs from this perspective for considering the issue at hand. The conclusions reached vary somewhat from those attained by others who have considered this topic. In the final essay the issue discussed is the problems the British government had between 1754 and 1775 in implementing its public finance policy in the thirteen British North American colonies; a policy aimed at providing, and paying for, collectively consumed goods. The central theme considered is what were the political-economic factors which made this government economic intervention unacceptable to the American colonists.
Archaeomanta Herman 1979
Creators: name: Adnet, Sylvain
name: Cappetta, Henri
name: Guinot, Guillaume
name: Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Mobulidae
Archaeomanta

description: GENUS † ARCHAEOMANTA HERMAN, 1979
 Included species: † Archaeomanta hermani Kozlov, 2001; † Archaeomanta melenhorsti Herman, 1979; † Archaeomanta priemi Herman, 1979.
 Occurrences: Widely recorded in Palaeogene deposits from north Europe to East and West Africa (e.g. Herman, 1979; Cappetta, 1987; Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997; Kozlov, 2001; Strougo, Cappetta & Elnahas, 2007; Van Den Eeckhaut & De Schutter, 2009; Adnet, Cappetta & Tabuce, 2010; Underwood et al., 2011),
 Remarks: The genus † Archaeomanta Herman, 1979, resembles † Cretomanta and is more diversified with at least three different species (see above). Their remains, also restricted to isolated teeth, are scarce in Palaeogene deposits (except in some Moroccan localities) but widely distributed in the tropical zone from North Europe to East and West Africa, as expected with a supposed filter-feeding behaviour. Morphologically very close to those of † Cretomanta, the teeth are distinctive in having a broad and deep axial groove on the root (sometimes with secondary labiolingually orientated grooves) that separates two rather mesiodistally inclined lobes and a labiolingual crest on the occlusal part of the crown. However, this crest is irregular and sometimes disappears in lateral files, thus resembling the morphology observed in some putative contemporaneous fossil Gymnuridae such as in males of the genus Ouledia. Moreover, Underwood et al. (2011) observed a well-developed pulp cavity, which extends to the tip of the cusp in Archaeomanta, making their supposed position within the mobulids doubtful. Another uncertainty concerns the monospecific genus † Eomobula, which was originally described from a small tooth sample from the Lower Eocene of Egem Formation (Belgium) but was secondarily recorded by rare specimens in some Early–Middle Eocene localities (e.g. Kemp, 1994; Gheerbrant et al., 2003; Tabuce et al., 2005). Having very small teeth, this genus was attributed to a mobulid despite its teeth that show a very large convex occlusal face compared to the extremely reduced lingual and labial faces and a wide polyaulacorhize root as in Myliobatid. The authors themselves (Herman et al., 1989) remarked that there is no real affinity in tooth morphology with other mobulids such as † Burhnamia (see below) or Mobula and suggested that this primitive mobulid probably represents an intermediate group between living representatives of the Myliobatidae and mobulids.
description: Published as part of Adnet, Sylvain, Cappetta, Henri, Guinot, Guillaume & Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di, 2012, Evolutionary history of the devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) from fossil and morphological inference, pp. 132-159 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166 (1) on pages 140-141, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00844.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5408589