cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fructans and their potential role as paradoxical antioxidants in Echinacea products
Creators: name: Dobrange, Erin
name: Alukhanyo Xonti
name: Peshev, Darin
name: Ende, Wim Van Den
name: Bianke  Loedolff
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: On the one hand, fructans, fructose-based oligo- and polysaccharides, are well-known multifunctional carbohydrates that show prebiotic, immunodulatory and antioxidant effects. On the other hand, Echinacea preparations are used on a wide scale in a preventive way, stimulating native immunity. Here we demonstrate that 5 commercially available Echinacea preparations contain inulin-type fructans. The total antioxidant capacity and the DNA protective capacity under oxidative stress were compared to each other and to carbohydrate only fractions. Although not always consistent among all the products tested, our data suggest that inulin-type fructans may represent one important component in these Echinacea products, potentially contributing to immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects. However, prooxidant effects can not be excluded in some preparations. Further research into the effects of sample preparation, degree of polymerization and concentration of the inulin-type fructans, the nature and concentration of polyphenolic compounds, the relative proportions of inulin/polyphenols and the importance of inulin/polyphenolic complexes are warranted.
Invitation to higher local fields, Part I, section 14: Explicit abelian extensions of complete discrete valuation fields
Creators: name: Zhukov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12F99, 12J25, 11-99

description: This work presents author's explicit methods of constructing abelian extensions of complete discrete valuation fields. His approach to explicit equations of a cyclic extension of degree p^n which contains a given cyclic extension of degree p is explained.
description: For introduction and notation, see math.NT/0012131 . Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon3/m3-I-14.abs.html
Unifying literacies : linking ideas to explain our world
Creators: name: Federley, Richard
name: Lomness, Arielle
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Richard Federley, Research Support Specialist with the Office of Research Services at UBC Okanagan, engages in mapping concepts, novel applications of ideas, and the need to critically evaluate the world around us and the theories that describe it. This podcast was created by the UBC Okanagan Library in contribution to Science Literacy Week - http://scienceliteracy.ca/
Probing restarting activity in hard X-ray selected giant radio galaxies
Creators: name: Bruni, G.
name: Ursini, F.
name: Panessa, F.
name: Bassani, L.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Chiaraluce, E.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: Fiocchi, M.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Hernandez-Garcia, L.
name: Malizia, A.
name: Molina, M.
name: Saripalli, L.
name: Ubertini, P.
name: Venturi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With their sizes larger than 0.7 Mpc, Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) are the largest individual objects in the Universe. To date, the reason why they reach such enormous extensions is still unclear. One of the proposed scenarios suggests that they are the result of multiple episodes of jet activity. Cross-correlating the INTEGRAL+Swift AGN population with radio catalogues (NVSS, FIRST, SUMSS), we found that 22% of the sources are GRG (a factor four higher than those selected from radio catalogues). Remarkably, 80% of the sample shows signs of restarting radio activity. The X-ray properties are consistent with this scenario, the sources being in a high-accretion, high-luminosity state with respect to the previous activity responsible for the radio lobes.
description: To appear soon as a proceeding of the XXXth IAU General Assembly, Focus Meeting 3 "Radio Galaxies: Resolving the AGN phenomenon"
Design of a compact, radiation tolerant AlGaAs Geiger photodiode
Creators: name: Downing, Matthew
name: Johnson, Erik B.
name: Campbell, Joe
name: Dadey, Adam A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Geiger photodiodes, or single photon avalanche photodiodes, for a radiation tolerant solid-state photomultiplier (SSPM) are being designed using Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) and are less than 1 micrometer thick. Studies on the changes in dark current compared to silicon from thermal neutron damage were conducted demonstrating that the design concept is feasible, as the device sensitivity to incident radiation is low relative to silicon devices. To achieve the required high fields for Geiger mode operation within a thin device, a triple mesa structure was developed, and simulations show a favorable field profile that constrains the highest electric fields to the middle of the device and keeps the field strength at all corners and surfaces 3-6x lower than the field in the center at breakdown.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Presented at the 2023 Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications. To be published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research - Section A
Begonia anemonoides Haenke 1809
Creators: name: Moonlight, Peter. W.
name: Jara-Muñoz, Orlando A.
name: Purvis, David A.
name: Delves, Jay
name: Allen, Josh P.
name: Reynel, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia anemonoides

description: Begonia anemonoides Haenke
Voyages dans l’Amérique Méridionale depuis 1781-1801 2: 503 (Haenke 1809).
– Type: unknown.
Notes
This species was described as abundant in the Andes Mountains of “Peruvia”. At the turn of the 19 th Century “Peruvia” referred to the Viceroyalty of Peru including much of modern-day Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. It remains very unclear where Haenke encountered this species. Furthermore, no type material of the species was cited in the protologue, but it is possible that some original material remains undiscovered among the specimens housed in PR herbarium. The protologue describes the species as tuberous with flowers resembling those of an Anemone, and while this is not sufficient for identification it seems likely that this refers to a member of the octopetala group of B. sect. Eupetalum (Tebbitt 2015). The only member of the octopetala group described before 1809 was B. octopetala so B. anemonoides Haenke may be an earlier name for any other species in this group. The discovery of original material and lectotypification of B. anemonoides should be a priority for any future work on Peruvian or tuberous Andean Begonia, and if this is not possible the name should be rejected.
description: Published as part of Moonlight, Peter. W., Jara-Muñoz, Orlando A., Purvis, David A., Delves, Jay, Allen, Josh P. & Reynel, Carlos, 2023, The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru, pp. 1-334 in European Journal of Taxonomy 881 on page 302, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.881.2175, http://zenodo.org/record/8178280
The Equatorial Outflow of SS433
Creators: name: Paragi, Z.
name: Fejes, I.
name: Vermeulen, R. C.
name: Schilizzi, R. T.
name: Spencer, R. E.
name: Stirling, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLBI imaging results for SS433 from the period 1995-2000. An equatorial emission region is detected and confirmed in 7 experiments at 1.6 and 5 GHz. The structure of the region changes with time on scales of weeks to months. The nature of emission is unknown, but it is certainly non-thermal, maybe optically thin synchrotron. The spectrum however might be attenuated by a thermal population of electrons. There were previous indications for an equatorial outflow from the system. We do detect outward motion of a radio component, and estimate a speed of 1200/sin(i) km/s. Theoretical work and IR observations suggest that the mass-loss rate in SS433 is much higher in this region than in the jets. We suggest that the high-mass microquasars might all have equatorial outflows; in fact, it is the dominant form of mass-loss in these systems.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (from 6 ps files), presented at the 6th EVN Symposium in Bonn, Germany, 25-28 June 2002. Note that fig. 2 is a compressed version and hence its quality is poorer. Paper compiled again with an updated EVN2002 class file - requested by the editors of the proceedings
IteRank: An iterative network-oriented approach to neighbor-based collaborative ranking
Creators: name: Shams, Bita
name: Haratizadeh, Saman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neighbor-based collaborative ranking (NCR) techniques follow three consecutive steps to recommend items to each target user: first they calculate the similarities among users, then they estimate concordance of pairwise preferences to the target user based on the calculated similarities. Finally, they use estimated pairwise preferences to infer the total ranking of items for the target user. This general approach faces some problems as the rank data is usually sparse as users usually have compared only a few pairs of items and consequently, the similarities among users is calculated based on limited information and is not accurate enough for inferring true values of preference concordance and can lead to an invalid ranking of items. This article presents a novel framework, called IteRank, that models the data as a bipartite network containing users and pairwise preferences. It then simultaneously refines users' similarities and preferences' concordances using a random walk method on this graph structure. It uses the information in this first step in another network structure for simultaneously adjusting the concordances of preferences and rankings of items. Using this approach, IteRank can overcome some existing problems caused by the sparsity of the data. Experimental results show that IteRank improves the performance of recommendation compared to the state of the art NCR techniques that use the traditional NCR framework for recommendation.
Gravitational Capture and Scattering of Straight Test Strings with Large Impact Parameters
Creators: name: Page, Don N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capture or scattering of an initially straight infinite test cosmic string by a Kerr-Newman black hole, or by any other small source of an electrovac gravitational field, is analyzed analytically when the string moves with initial velocity v and large impact parameter b >> M so that the string stays very nearly straight (except during the final capture process, if that occurs, or except far behind the gravitating object, if b is not much greater than the energy of the object in the frame of the string). The critical impact parameter for capture at low velocities is shown to be [(pi/2)(M^2-Q^2)/v]^{1/2}. For all larger b, the displacement of the string from the plane of the gravitating object after the scattering approaches the final value [b^2 - (pi/2)(M^2-Q^2)/v]^{1/2} - 2 pi M v/(1-v^2)^{1/2}, for any v, so long as b >> M.
description: 27 pages, no figures, Latex
Structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of amorphous gallium arsenide: a comparison between two topological models
Creators: name: Mousseau, Normand
name: Lewis, Laurent J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the effect of local chemical ordering on the structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of amorphous gallium arsenide. Using the recently-proposed ``activation-relaxation technique'' and empirical potentials, we have constructed two 216-atom tetrahedral continuous random networks with different topological properties, which were further relaxed using tight-binding molecular dynamics. The first network corresponds to the traditional, amorphous, Polk-type, network, randomly decorated with Ga and As atoms. The second is an amorphous structure with a minimum of wrong (homopolar) bonds, and therefore a minimum of odd-membered atomic rings, and thus corresponds to the Connell-Temkin model. By comparing the structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of these two models, we show that the Connell-Temkin network is energetically favored over Polk, but that most properties are little affected by the differences in topology. We conclude that most indirect experimental evidence for the presence (or absence) of wrong bonds is much weaker than previously believed and that only direct structural measurements, i.e., of such quantities as partial radial distribution functions, can provide quantitative information on these defects in a-GaAs.
description: 10 pages, 7 ps figures with epsf
Invitation to higher local fields, Part I, section 15: On the structure of the Milnor K-groups of complete discrete valuation fields
Creators: name: Nakamura, Jinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D45, 19D99, 19F99

description: This work contains a list of all known results on the quotient filtration on the Milnor K-groups of a complete discrete valuation field in terms of differential modules over the residue field . Author's recent study of the case of a tamely ramified field of characteristic 0 with residue field of characteristic p by using an exponential map and a syntomic complex is explained.
description: For introduction and notation, see math.NT/0012131 . Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon3/m3-I-15.abs.html
MOESM6 of Retrotransposon expression in response to in vitro inoculation with two fungal pathogens of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Creators: name: Voronova, Angelika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. a. Scatterplot matrix for pooled RE expression data correlation in needles after inoculation with LS. b. Scatterplot matrix for pooled RE expression data correlation in needles and roots after inoculation with HA.
Opensource Chromatic Stimulators for Vision Research
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Maxime
name: Chagas, Andre Maia
name: Franke, Katrin
name: Euler, Thomas
name: Baden, Tom
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The study of colour vision with fluorescence microscopy requires precise control over the spectra of visual stimuli, along with its spatial and temporal properties.

As most commercial display devices are built for the primate trichromatic visual system, they usually offer limited flexibility to adjust wavelength and speed for stimulating the visual system for other species.
Futhermore, consumer displays fail to drive UV sensitive photoreceptors, which strongly contribute to visual behaviour in many animal models. In addition, many non-mammalian species feature more than three spectral photoreceptor types.

Here we describe two low-cost, flexible and customisable opensource visual stimulators designed for 2-photon microscopy. These designs allow the use of arbitrary spectrum stimulation and are built around opensource development boards and off-the-shelf components.

With this work, we intend to start a community effort of sharing and developping a common stimulator design for vision research
Collective cortical activity underlying discrimination of tactile sequences in mice
Creators: name: Malamati Bitzidou
name: Bale, Michael R.
name: Giusto, Elena
name: Maravall, Miguel
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Mice discriminate tactile stimulus sequences distinguishable by the ordering of their elements. They detect changes between adjacent stimulus elements, focusing on the earliest cues allowing discrimination. Longer deliberation correlates with higher performance.
Optogenetic suppression of barrel cortex (S1bf) or secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) reduces licking responses and abolishes discrimination, consistent with a loss of sensory input. Suppression of posterior parietal cortex (PPC) has no detectable effect. Suppression of whisker primary motor cortex (wM1) disinhibits lick responses.
Two-photon imaging reveals that S1bf and PPC neurons show heterogeneous responses during sequence discrimination, reflecting sensory, decision/motor, and reward task variables.
Our results are consistent with the decision to lick being achieved by a fast neuronal loop involving later processing stages. Upon learning a sequence, neurons in whisker somatosensory cortex link the target sequence with the associated (learnt) action.
Schlesinger transformations for elliptic isomonodromic deformations
Creators: name: Korotkin, D.
name: Manojlovic, N.
name: Samtleben, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schlesinger transformations are discrete monodromy preserving symmetry transformations of the classical Schlesinger system. Generalizing well-known results from the Riemann sphere we construct these transformations for isomonodromic deformations on genus one Riemann surfaces. Their action on the system's tau-function is computed and we obtain an explicit expression for the ratio of the old and the transformed tau-function.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX2e
An Absence of Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei in Geometrically Flat Quiescent Galaxies: Implications for Maintenance-Mode Feedback Models
Creators: name: Barišić, Ivana
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: van Houdt, Josha
name: Maseda, Michael V.
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Chang, Yu-Yen
name: Röttgering, Huub
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Wu, Po-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maintenance-mode feedback from low-accretion rate AGN, manifesting itself observationally through radio-loudness, is invoked in all cosmological galaxy formation models as a mechanism that prevents excessive star-formation in massive galaxies (M$_*$ $\gtrsim$ 3$\times$10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$). We demonstrate that at a fixed mass the incidence of radio-loud AGN (L $>$ 10$^{23}$ WHz$^{- 1}$) identified in the FIRST and NVSS radio surveys among a large sample of quiescent (non-star forming) galaxies selected from the SDSS is much higher in geometrically round galaxies than in geometrically flat, disk-like galaxies. As found previously, the RL AGN fraction increases steeply with stellar velocity dispersion $σ_*$ and stellar mass, but even at a fixed velocity dispersion of 200-250 kms$^{-1}$ this fraction increases from 0.3% for flat galaxies (projected axis ratio of q $$ 0.8). We rule out that this strong trend is due to projection effects in the measured velocity dispersion. The large fraction of radio-loud AGN in massive, round galaxies is consistent with the hypothesis that such AGN deposit energy into their hot gaseous halos, preventing cooling and star-formation. However, the absence of such AGN in disk-like quiescent galaxies -- most of which are not satellites in massive clusters, raises important questions: is maintenance-mode feedback a generally valid explanation for quiescence; and, if so, how does that feedback avoid manifesting at least occasionally as a radio-loud galaxy?
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
HE 0435-1223: a wide separation quadruple QSO and gravitational lens
Creators: name: Wisotzki, Lutz
name: Schechter, Paul L.
name: Bradt, Hale V.
name: Heinmueller, Janine
name: Reimers, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a new gravitationally lensed QSO, at a redshift z = 1.689, with four QSO components in a cross-shaped arrangement around a bright galaxy. The maximum separation between images is 2.6 arcsec, enabling a reliable decomposition of the system. Three of the QSO components have g = 19.6, while component A is about 0.6 mag brighter. The four components have nearly identical colours, suggesting little if any dust extinction in the foreground galaxy. The lensing galaxy is prominent in the i band, weaker in r and not detected in g. Its spatial profile is that of an elliptical galaxy with a scale length of $\sim$ 12 kpc. Combining the measured colours and a mass model for the lens, we estimate a most likely redshift range of 0.3 < z < 0.4. Predicted time delays between the components are $\la$ 10 days. The QSO shows evidence for variability, with total g band magnitudes of 17.89 and 17.71 for two epochs separated by $\sim 2$ months. However, the relative fluxes of the components did not change, indicating that the variations are intrinsic to the QSO rather than induced by microlensing.
description: 7 pages, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Nano-scale dynamics of hydrogen in VO$_{2}$ studied by $μ$SR
Creators: name: Okabe, H.
name: Hiraishi, M.
name: Koda, A.
name: Matsushita, Y.
name: Ohsawa, T.
name: Ohashi, N.
name: Kadono, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen dynamics in the nanoscale region of VO$_{2}$ was investigated by muon spin rotation/relaxation ($μ$SR) technique. Positively charged muon acts as a light radioisotope of proton and can be used as a probe to explore the inside of materials from an atomic perspective. By analyzing the muon hopping rate and the spatial distribution of the $^{51}$V nuclear magnetic moments, we have identified two types of diffusion paths in VO$_{2}$ (via oxygen-muon bonds or defects) and the potential of a high diffusion coefficient in the 10$^{-10}$ cm$^{2}$/s range at ambient temperature. Our results provide valuable information for developing hydrogen-driven VO$_{2}$--related electronic devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material available at the Physical. Rev. Mater. journal site
Vortex vs spinning string: Iordanskii force and gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the transverse force acting on the spinning cosmic string, moving in the background matter. It comes from the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect and corresponds to the Iordanskii force acting on the vortex in superfluids, when the vortex moves with respect to the normal component of the liquid.
description: Latex file, 9 pages, no figures, references are added, version submitted to JETP Lett
Nucleosynthetic Yields from Neutron Stars Accreting in Binary Common Envelopes
Creators: name: Keegans, James D.
name: Fryer, Chris L.
name: Jones, Samuel W.
name: Cote, Benoit
name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Herwig, Falk
name: Pignatari, Marco
name: Laird, Alison M.
name: Diget, Christian Aa.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive-star binaries can undergo a phase where one of the two stars expands during its advanced evolutionary stage as a giant and envelops its companion, ejecting the hydrogen envelope and tightening its orbit. Such a common envelope phase is required to tighten the binary orbit in the formation of many of the observed X-ray binaries and merging compact binary systems. In the formation scenario for neutron star binaries, the system might pass through a phase where a neutron star spirals into the envelope of its giant star companion. These phases lead to mass accretion onto the neutron star. Accretion onto these common-envelope-phase neutron stars can eject matter that has undergone burning near to the neutron star surface. This paper presents nucleosynthetic yields of this ejected matter, using population synthesis models to study the importance of these nucleosynthetic yields in a galactic chemical evolution context. Depending on the extreme conditions in temperature and density found in the accreted material, both proton-rich and neutron-rich nucleosynthesis can be obtained, with efficient production of neutron rich isotopes of low Z material at the most extreme conditions, and proton rich isotopes, again at low Z, in lower density models. Final yields are found to be extremely sensitive to the physical modeling of the accretion phase. We show that neutron stars accreting in binary common envelopes might be a new relevant site for galactic chemical evolution, and therefore more comprehensive studies are needed to better constrain nucleosynthesis in these objects.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 3: of Cisplatin resistant lung cancer cells promoted M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages via the Src/CD155/MIF functional pathway
Creators: name: Wen-Chien Huang
name: Kuang-Tai Kuo
name: Wang, Chun-Hua
name: Chi-Tai Yeh
name: Yongjie Wang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Prolonged, escalating CDDP treatment enriched CDDP-resistant H460R and A549R NSCLC cells. MTT assay demonstrated that H460R and A549R cells with a significantly higher IC50 values against CDDP treatment. (DOCX 19 kb)
The science of soundscapes : systems creating expressions of mood and text
Creators: name: Thorogood, Miles
name: Macklem, Larissa
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Miles Thorogood, Creative Technologist specializing in developing computational assistive technologies, and Instructor cross-posted between Creative Studies and Computer Science, walks through his creation of soundscapes, art and technological literacies. This podcast was created by the UBC Okanagan Library in contribution to Science Literacy Week - http://scienceliteracy.ca/
Non-Markovian intracellular transport with sub-diffusion and run-length dependent detachment rate
Creators: name: Korabel, Nickolay
name: Waigh, Thomas A.
name: Fedotov, Sergei
name: Allan, Viki J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intracellular transport of organelles is fundamental to cell function and health. The mounting evidence suggests that this transport is in fact anomalous. However, the reasons for the anomaly is still under debate. We examined experimental trajectories of organelles inside a living cell and propose a mathematical model that describes the previously reported transition from sub-diffusive to super-diffusive motion. In order to explain super-diffusive behaviour at long times, we introduce non-Markovian detachment kinetics of the cargo: the rate of detachment is inversely proportional to the time since the last attachment. Recently, we observed the non-Markovian detachment rate experimentally in eukaryotic cells. Here we further discuss different scenarios of how this effective non-Markovian detachment rate could arise. The non-Markovian model is successful in simultaneously describing the time-averaged variance (the time-averaged mean squared displacement corrected for directed motion), the mean first passage time of trajectories and the multiple peaks observed in the distributions of cargo velocities. We argue that non-Markovian kinetics could be biologically beneficial compared to the Markovian kinetics commonly used for modelling, by increasing the average distance the cargoes travel when a microtubule is blocked by other filaments. In turn, sub-diffusion allows cargoes to reach neighbouring filaments with higher probability, which promotes active motion along the microtubules.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PLOS ONE
Invitation to higher local fields, Part I, section 16: Higher class field theory without using K-groups
Creators: name: Fesenko, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11-99, 12F99, 12J25

description: Author's generalization of one-dimensional class field theory to theory of abelian totally ramified p-extensions of a complete discrete valuation field with arbitrary non-separably p-closed residue field and its applications are described.
description: For introduction and notation, see math.NT/0012131 . Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon3/m3-I-16.abs.html
UniEnc-CASSNAT: An Encoder-only Non-autoregressive ASR for Speech SSL Models
Creators: name: Fan, Ruchao
name: Shanka, Natarajan Balaji
name: Alwan, Abeer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-autoregressive automatic speech recognition (NASR) models have gained attention due to their parallelism and fast inference. The encoder-based NASR, e.g. connectionist temporal classification (CTC), can be initialized from the speech foundation models (SFM) but does not account for any dependencies among intermediate tokens. The encoder-decoder-based NASR, like CTC alignment-based single-step non-autoregressive transformer (CASS-NAT), can mitigate the dependency problem but is not able to efficiently integrate SFM. Inspired by the success of recent work of speech-text joint pre-training with a shared transformer encoder, we propose a new encoder-based NASR, UniEnc-CASSNAT, to combine the advantages of CTC and CASS-NAT. UniEnc-CASSNAT consists of only an encoder as the major module, which can be the SFM. The encoder plays the role of both the CASS-NAT encoder and decoder by two forward passes. The first pass of the encoder accepts the speech signal as input, while the concatenation of the speech signal and the token-level acoustic embedding is used as the input for the second pass. Examined on the Librispeech 100h, MyST, and Aishell1 datasets, the proposed UniEnc-CASSNAT achieves state-of-the-art NASR results and is better or comparable to CASS-NAT with only an encoder and hence, fewer model parameters. Our codes are publicly available.
description: Published in IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Additional file 1: of Transcriptomic reprogramming of barley seminal roots by combined water deficit and salt stress
Creators: name: Osthoff, Alina
name: Rose, Petra DonĂ Dalle
name: Baldauf, Jutta
name: Hans-Peter Piepho
name: Hochholdinger, Frank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Overview of the experimental workflow of the RNA-Seq experiment. (PDF 130 kb)
Participatory action research : knowledge sharing between the academy and Indigenous populations
Creators: name: Evans, Mike, 1961-
name: Walter, Lori
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Mike Evans, Professor and Associate Dean (Research, Graduate, and Post-Doctoral Studies) with the Irving K. Barber School of Arts & Sciences explores issues of knowledge sharing, open access, and research outputs when working with indigenous communities.
title: Sounds of collective memories: A decolonial counter-representation of Afro-Ecuadorian Marimba Esmeraldeña and Bomba del Chota
Creators: name: López Yánez, María Gabriela
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, I address questions of racialised representations of Afro-Ecuadorian music and dance-based events of Marimba Esmeraldeña and Bomba del Chota in order to build towards the notion and practice of a decolonial counter-representation of such events. The counter-representation that I propose aims to shift the representations of Marimba and Bomba from the current focus on stereotypical and fixed characteristics such as a naturalized happiness and hyper-sexuality, which are reliant on the visual, to an emphasis on the sonic dimension. Through sounds, a questioning of the colonial matrix of power that sustains visual representations and the privileging of key, but usually silenced, collective memories is proposed. The methodology suggested for counter-representational purposes is based on archival research and on a relationship of listening, which refers to a long-term process of mutually understanding the needs and knowledges of both the researcher and the communities. This relationship of listening was developed with a selected group of mature Marimberos and Bomberos from the two Afro-Ecuadorian ancestral territories of north Esmeraldas and Chota-Mira Valley. Marimba and Bomba originated in these territories during the Atlantic slavery period (16th to 19th centuries). Drawing on concepts of collective memories, representation and coloniality, I seek to critically include racialised perceptions of Afro-Ecuadorians and their relation to the Ecuadorian colonial matrix of power. I also prioritize key Marimberos and Bomberos’ collective memories such as their relationship to mythical characters as well as the official censorships of Marimba and the embodied knowledges that have been passed on intergenerationally in Bomba. By developing a counter- representation, I aim to contribute with crucial methodological, theoretical and practical strategies to widen and deepen a much needed and timely understanding of Marimba and Bomba, which signals the possibility of working towards the moves beyond fixed stereotypes rooted in coloniality and thus, of decolonising public performances.
Form factors of the SU(2) invariant massive Thirring model with boundary reflection
Creators: name: Furutsu, H.
name: Kojima, T.
name: Quano, Y. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SU(2) invariant massive Thirring model with a boundary is considered on the basis of the vertex operator approach. The bosonic formulae are presented for the vacuum vector and its dual in the presence of the boundary. The integral representations are also given for form factors of the present model.
description: LaTEX2e, 15pages
Dark Matter Gravity Waves at LIGO and LISA
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the merger rate of dark matter PIMBHs(=Primordial Intermediate Mass Black Holes). We conclude that the black holes observed by LIGO in GW150914 and later events were probably not dark matter PIMBHs but rather the result of gravitational collapse of very massive stars. To study the PIMBHs by gravitational radiation will require a detector sensitive to frequencies below 10Hz and otherwise more sensitive than LIGO. The LISA detector, expected to come online in 2034, will be useful at frequencies below 1Hz but a second space-based detector beyond LISA, sensitive up to 10Hz, will be necessary fully to study dark matter.
description: 9 pages LaTeX
An Interference-aware Approach for Co-located Container Orchestration with Novel Metric
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
name: Wen, Linfeng
name: Xu, Minxian
name: Ye, Kejiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Container orchestration technologies are widely employed in cloud computing, facilitating the co-location of online and offline services on the same infrastructure. Online services demand rapid responsiveness and high availability, whereas offline services require extensive computational resources. However, this mixed deployment can lead to resource contention, adversely affecting the performance of online services, yet the metrics used by existing methods cannot accurately reflect the extent of interference.
 In this paper, we introduce scheduling latency as a novel metric for quantifying interference and compare it with existing metrics. Empirical evidence demonstrates that scheduling latency more accurately reflects the performance degradation of online services. We also utilize various machine learning techniques to predict potential interference on specific hosts for online services, providing reference information for subsequent scheduling decisions. Simultaneously, we propose a method for quantifying node interference based on scheduling latency. To enhance resource utilization, we train a model for online services that predicts CPU and MEM (memory) resource allocation based on workload type and QPS. Finally, we present a scheduling algorithm based on predictive modeling, aiming to reduce interference in online services while balancing node resource utilization. Through experiments and comparisons with three other baseline methods, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Compared with three baselines, our approach can reduce the average response time, 90th percentile response time, and 99th percentile response time of online services by 29.4%, 31.4%, and 14.5%, respectively.
description: 8 pages
Quantifying and Characterizing Clones of Self-Admitted Technical Debt in Build Systems
Creators: name: Xiao, Tao
name: Zeng, Zhili
name: Wang, Dong
name: Hata, Hideaki
name: McIntosh, Shane
name: Matsumoto, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) annotates development decisions that intentionally exchange long-term software artifact quality for short-term goals. Recent work explores the existence of SATD clones (duplicate or near duplicate SATD comments) in source code. Cloning of SATD in build systems (e.g., CMake and Maven) may propagate suboptimal design choices, threatening qualities of the build system that stakeholders rely upon (e.g., maintainability, reliability, repeatability). Hence, we conduct a large-scale study on 50,608 SATD comments extracted from Autotools, CMake, Maven, and Ant build systems to investigate the prevalence of SATD clones and to characterize their incidences. We observe that: (i) prior work suggests that 41-65% of SATD comments in source code are clones, but in our studied build system context, the rates range from 62% to 95%, suggesting that SATD clones are a more prevalent phenomenon in build systems than in source code; (ii) statements surrounding SATD clones are highly similar, with 76% of occurrences having similarity scores greater than 0.8; (iii) a quarter of SATD clones are introduced by the author of the original SATD statements; and (iv) among the most commonly cloned SATD comments, external factors (e.g., platform and tool configuration) are the most frequent locations, limitations in tools and libraries are the most frequent causes, and developers often copy SATD comments that describe issues to be fixed later. Our work presents the first step toward systematically understanding SATD clones in build systems and opens up avenues for future work, such as distinguishing different SATD clone behavior, as well as designing an automated recommendation system for repaying SATD effectively based on resolved clones.
Additional file 2: of Cisplatin resistant lung cancer cells promoted M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages via the Src/CD155/MIF functional pathway
Creators: name: Wen-Chien Huang
name: Kuang-Tai Kuo
name: Wang, Chun-Hua
name: Chi-Tai Yeh
name: Yongjie Wang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S2. Pathological characteristics of patients. (DOCX 14 kb)
Chandra Observations of the A3266 Galaxy Cluster Merger
Creators: name: Henriksen, Mark J.
name: Tittley, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of a 30,000 s X-ray observation of the Abell 3266 galaxy cluster with the ACIS on board the Chandra Observatory has produced several new insights into the cluster merger. The intracluster medium has a non-monotonically decreasing radial abundance profile. We argue that the most plausible origin for the abundance enhancement is unmixed, high abundance subcluster gas from the merger. The enrichment consists of two stages: off-center deposition of a higher abundance material during a subcluster merger followed by a strong, localized intracluster wind that acts to drive out the light elements, producing the observed abundance enhancement. The wind is needed to account for both an increase in the heavy element abundance and the lack of an enhancement in the gas density. Dynamical evidence for the wind includes: (1) a large scale, low surface brightness feature perpendicular to the merger axis that appears to be an asymmetric pattern of gas flow to the northwest, away from the center of the main cluster, (2) compressed gas in the opposite direction (toward the cluster center), and (3), the hottest regions visible in the temperature map coincide with the proposed merger geometry and the resultant gas flow. The Chandra data for the central region of the main cluster shows a slightly cooler, filamentary region that is centered on the central cD galaxy and is aligned with the merger axis directly linking the dynamical state of the cD to the merger. Overall, the high spectral/spatial resolution Chandra observations support our earlier hypothesis (Henriksen, Donnelly, & Davis 1999) that we are viewing a minor merger in the plane of the sky.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 13 pages, 4 tables, 11 figures
Extended T-systems, Q matrices and T-Q relations for $s\ell(2)$ models at roots of unity
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Morin-Duchesne, Alexi
name: Pearce, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mutually commuting $1\times n$ fused single and double-row transfer matrices of the critical six-vertex model are considered at roots of unity $q=e^{iλ}$ with crossing parameter $λ=\frac{(p'-p)π}{p'}$ a rational fraction of $π$. The $1\times n$ transfer matrices of the dense loop model analogs, namely the logarithmic minimal models ${\cal LM}(p,p')$, are similarly considered. For these $s\ell(2)$ models, we find explicit closure relations for the $T$-system functional equations and obtain extended sets of bilinear $T$-system identities. We also define extended $Q$ matrices as linear combinations of the fused transfer matrices and obtain extended matrix $T$-$Q$ relations. These results hold for diagonal twisted boundary conditions on the cylinder as well as $U_q(s\ell(2))$ invariant/Kac vacuum and off-diagonal/Robin vacuum boundary conditions on the strip. Using our extended $T$-system and extended $T$-$Q$ relations for eigenvalues, we deduce the usual scalar Baxter $T$-$Q$ relation and the Bazhanov-Mangazeev decomposition of the fused transfer matrices $T^{n}(u+λ)$ and $D^{n}(u+λ)$, at fusion level $n=p'-1$, in terms of the product $Q^+(u)Q^-(u)$ or $Q(u)^2$. It follows that the zeros of $T^{p'-1}(u+λ)$ and $D^{p'-1}(u+λ)$ are comprised of the Bethe roots and complete $p'$ strings. We also clarify the formal observations of Pronko and Yang-Nepomechie-Zhang and establish, under favourable conditions, the existence of an infinite fusion limit $n\to\infty$ in the auxiliary space of the fused transfer matrices. Despite this connection, the infinite-dimensional oscillator representations are not needed at roots of unity due to finite closure of the functional equations.
description: 38 pages
One-dimensional Kondo lattice at partial band filling
Creators: name: Honner, Graeme
name: Gulacsi, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective Hamiltonian for the localized spins in the one-dimensional Kondo lattice model is derived via a unitary transformation involving a bosonization of delocalized conduction electrons. The effective Hamiltonian is shown to reproduce all the features of the model as identified in various numerical simulations, and provides much new information on the ferro- to paramagnetic phase transition and the paramagnetic phase.
description: 11 pages Revtex, 1 Postscript figure. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
title: Kommentar: Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung im Umbruch zwischen Auftrag, alten Schwächen und neuen Chancen
Creators: name: Sieland, Bernhard
name: Jordaan, Laura
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Lehrkrafthandeln
subject: professionelle Handlungsregulation
subject: Vermittlungs-Erwerbs-Anwendungs-Lücke
subject: Training
subject: Transfer-Probleme
subject: 370

description: Die derzeitige Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrpersonen ist ein Konglomerat verschiedens-ter Inhalte sowie Bildungs- und Prüfungsformate. Alle nehmen für sich in Anspruch, die Kompetenzen der Lehrpersonen zu stärken. Viele scheitern aber an der Vermittlungs-Er-werbs-Anwendungs-Lücke. Sie optimieren nicht das finale Lehrkrafthandeln. Der Autor und die Autorin dieser Einführung arbeiten zusammen mehr als 50 Jahre in der Aus- und Wei-terbildung von Lehrpersonen. Anlässlich der „Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung“ des BMBF stellen sie mit dem Blick zurück und in die Zukunft drei Fragen: Welche Merkmale profes-sionellen Handelns von Lehrpersonen muss die Bildung für (angehende) Lehrkräfte för-dern? Welche Mängel bisheriger Lehrer- und Lehrerinnenbildung schwächen deren Wirk-samkeit? Welche besonderen Chancen bietet das Bildungsformat Training für die Aus- und Weiterbildung? Sie richten diese Fragen an die vier Wirkungsverantwortlichen Stakeholder für die Qualität der Lehrer- und Lehrerinnenbildung, d.h. (1.) an die Anbieter und Anbiete-rinnen bisheriger und künftiger Bildungsformate, (2.) an die teilnehmenden Nutzerinnen und Nutzer, (3.) an die, die dafür verantwortlich sind, dass der Anwendungsort ein Lernort für die kollegiale Praxisreflexion wird und (4.) an die, die die dazu notwendigen Ressourcen bereitstellen müssen. Die nachfolgenden Beiträge zu neuen Trainings-Angeboten konkreti-sieren ihre Antworten auf diese Fragen im Rahmen ihrer je spezifischen Ansätze.
description: Kompetenzentwicklung im Lehramtsstudium durch professionelles Training, p. 7