cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Entwicklung von porösen Polymeren zur effizienten Stofftrennung durch Adsorption in fermentativen Bioraffinerieprozessen
Creators: name: Schroll, Isabel
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Zur Erreichung der klimapolitischen Ziele sind Reduktionen der Emissionen bis hin zur Treibhausgasneutralität unabdingbar. Vor allem die chemische Industrie muss sich massiven Transformationen stellen. Die Verwendung von nachwachsender Biomasse als Ausgangsmaterial für wichtige Plattformchemikalien stellt eine vielversprechende Alternative zum Erdöl dar. Bioraffinerien prozessieren biologisches Material, um Energie, eine Bandbreite an Plattformchemikalien und biobasierte Materialien zu erzeugen. Bioraffinerieprodukte zeigen bezüglich ihrer Eigenschaften häufig eine geringe Volatilität mit hohem Siedepunkt und verfügen zugleich über eine niedrige thermische Stabilität. Eine Alternative zur thermischen Verdampfung von Wasser ist daher dringend angebracht und erfordert eine selektive Abtrennung polarer, wasserlöslicher Komponenten mit hohem Sauerstoffgehalt.
Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte neue Impulse zur Optimierung des Downstreamprozesses von wässrigen Fermentationsmedien geben. Die Flüssigphasenadsorption eröffnet ein großes Potential, energieintensive Aufreinigungsverfahren zu ersetzen und den Downstreamprozess wirtschaftlich rentabel zu machen. Dafür wurden zwei industriell bedeutende Produkte aus unterschiedlichen Stoffklassen exemplarisch untersucht: Itakonsäure als eine Dicarbonsäure und Lysin als eine essentielle Aminosäure. Beide Verbindungen werden aus Glukose gewonnen. Beginnend mit der Betrachtung kommerzieller Polymeradsorbentien wurde darüber hinaus in dieser Arbeit eine Bandbreite an porösen Polymeren synthetisiert, charakterisiert und für die Flüssigphasenadsorption der beiden exemplarischen Systeme Itakonsäure-Glukose und Lysin-Glukose evaluiert. Hierbei wurde der Fokus auf die Einbettung von Stickstoff- und Sauerstoffatomen in das aus Kohlenstoff bestehende Polymergerüst gelegt. Dies geschah sowohl über die Vernetzung eines Monomers mit entsprechender Funktionalität intern oder mit einem externen Vernetzer, der Synthese von Copolymeren
aus zwei unterschiedlichen Monomeren oder der oxidativen Nachbehandlung im Anschluss einer erfolgreichen Polymerisation. Während Itakonsäure bevorzugt an nicht-funktionalisierten HCPs (hochvernetzte Polymere=engl. hypercrosslinked polymers) adsorbiert, benötigt Lysin funktionelle Gruppen. Hier erwiesen sich Sauerstoff-funktionalisierte Polymere als die effektivsten Adsorbentien. Eine weitere Untersuchung widmet sich der Formgebung der erhaltenen fein pulvrigen Polymeradsorbentien. Dafür wurden das Pressen ohne Additive, die Schmelzextrusion mit entsprechender thermoplastischer Bindermatrix
und die Nassgranulation evaluiert. Das technische Potential dieser Polymeradsorbentien wurde abschließend in einem Festbettadsorber durch Messen von Durchbruchskurven und deren Auswertung mittels IR-Onlineanalytik untersucht. Ausgewählte Adsorbentien wurden für einen Ausblick dieser Arbeit mit realen Fermentationsgemischen in Batch-Adsorptionsexperimenten getestet.
Whistler Wave Cascade in Solar Wind Plasma
Creators: name: Shaikh, Dastgeer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear three dimensional, time dependent, fluid simulations of whistler wave turbulence are performed to investigate role of whistler waves in solar wind plasma turbulence in which characteristic turbulent fluctuations are characterized typically by the frequency and length scales that are respectively bigger than ion gyro frequency and smaller than ion gyro radius. The electron inertial length is an intrinsic length scale in whistler wave turbulence that distinguishably divides the high frequency solar wind turbulent spectra into scales smaller and bigger than the electron inertial length. Our simulations find that the dispersive whistler modes evolve entirely differently in the two regimes. While the dispersive whistler wave effects are stronger in the large scale regime, they do not influence the spectral cascades which are describable by a Kolmogorov-like $k^{-7/3}$ spectrum. By contrast, the small scale turbulent fluctuations exhibit a Navier-Stokes like evolution where characteristic turbulent eddies exhibit a typical $k^{-5/3}$ hydrodynamic turbulent spectrum. By virtue of equipartition between the wave velocity and magnetic fields, we quantify the role of whistler waves in the solar wind plasma fluctuations.
description: Paper contains 3 figures. The paper is accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal
Fe1-xNix alloy nanoparticles encapsulated inside carbon nanotubes: Controlled synthesis, structure and magnetic properties
Creators: name: Ghunaim, R.
name: Damm, C.
name: Wolf, D.
name: Lubk, A.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Mertig, M.
name: Hampel, S.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Annealing
subject: Binary nanoparticles
subject: Carbon nanotubes
subject: Crystal structure
subject: Magnetic nanoparticles
subject: 530

description: In the present work, different synthesis procedures have been demonstrated to fill carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with Fe1-xNix alloy nanoparticles (x = 0.33, 0.5). CNTs act as templates for the encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles, and provide a protective shield against oxidation as well as prevent nanoparticles agglomeration. By variation of the reaction parameters, the purity of the samples, degree of filling, the composition and size of filling nanoparticles have been tailored and therefore the magnetic properties. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Bright-field (BF) TEM tomography, X-ray powder diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fe1-x Nix-filled CNTs show a huge enhancement in the coercive fields compared to the corresponding bulk materials, which make them excellent candidates for several applications such as magnetic storage devices.
title: The Ecosystem Role of Fishes in Lotic Environments
Creators: name: Wheeler, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: It is important for humans to understand how ecosystems work because we depend on them for a variety of products and services. For example, rivers and streams provide fisheries, improved water quality, and recreational opportunities to many individuals. In rivers, interactions among fishes, other stream plants and animals, and the physical river environment can influence continued provision of these valuable services. However, the role played by many freshwater fishes in the provision of these services remains unknown. Additionally, it is important to identify different factors that affect the outcome of interactions involving riverine fishes. To address these issues, I evaluated how fishes influence different properties of rivers and streams, using a combined approach that summarized previous studies of fish effects on trophic structure and organic matter processing and incorporated field work in natural systems.
Overall, my work demonstrated that fishes can play important roles in rivers and streams. In particular, fish spawning migrations from lakes to streams can introduce nutrients to streams. Compared with other nutrient sources for streams, nutrients delivered by fish migrations can be substantial, and they may be used by other plants and animals in the stream to increase productivity. Beyond nutrient introduction, the physical disturbance of river sediments caused by the spawning activity of large migratory fishes can influence the availability of food resources for other stream animals. Additionally, my summary of previous fish studies indicated the consistent influence of fishes on nutrient dynamics and other stream organisms. While the role of riverine fishes varies, natural resource managers and researchers should focus on understanding how these widespread organisms influence valuable ecosystem services derived from freshwater resources.
Tenplex: Dynamic Parallelism for Deep Learning using Parallelizable Tensor Collections
Creators: name: Wagenländer, Marcel
name: Li, Guo
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Mai, Luo
name: Pietzuch, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) jobs use multi-dimensional parallelism, i.e. combining data, model, and pipeline parallelism, to use large GPU clusters efficiently. Long-running jobs may experience changes to their GPU allocation: (i) resource elasticity during training adds or removes GPUs; (ii) hardware maintenance may require redeployment on different GPUs; and (iii) GPU failures force jobs to run with fewer devices. Current DL frameworks tie jobs to a set of GPUs and thus lack support for these scenarios. In particular, they cannot change the multi-dimensional parallelism of an already-running job in an efficient and model-independent way.
 We describe Scalai, a state management library for DL systems that enables jobs to change their parallelism dynamically after the GPU allocation is updated at runtime. Scalai achieves this through a new abstraction, a parallelizable tensor collection (PTC), that externalizes the job state during training. After a GPU change, Scalai uses the PTC to transform the job state: the PTC repartitions the dataset state under data parallelism and exposes it to DL workers through a virtual file system; and the PTC obtains the model state as partitioned checkpoints and transforms them to reflect the new parallelization configuration. For efficiency, Scalai executes PTC transformations in parallel with minimum data movement between workers. Our experiments show that Scalai enables DL jobs to support dynamic parallelization with low overhead.
description: The 30th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP24)
Room temperature single-step synthesis of metal decorated boron-rich nanowires via laser ablation
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Martinez, I.G.
name: Bachmatiuk, A.
name: Gemming, T.
name: Cuniberti, G.
name: Trzebicka, B.
name: Rummeli, M.H.
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Decorated nanowires
subject: Laser ablation
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: Room temperature
subject: Single step synthesis
subject: 530

description: Hybrid nanostructures, such as those with nanoparticles anchored on the surface of nanowires, or decorated nanowires, have a large number of potential and tested applications such as: gas sensing, catalysis, plasmonic waveguides, supercapacitors and more. The downside of these nanostructures is their production. Generally, multi-step synthesis procedures are used, with the nanowires and the nanoparticles typically produced separately and then integrated. The few existent single-step methods are lengthy or necessitate highly dedicated setups. In this paper we report a single-step and rapid (ca. 1 min) laser ablation synthesis method which produces a wide variety of boron-rich decorated nanowires. Furthermore, the method is carried at room temperature. The synthesis process consists on a filamentary jet ejection process driven by pressure gradients generated by the ablation plume on the rims of the irradiation crater. Simultaneously nanoparticles are nucleated and deposited on the filaments thus producing hybrid decorated nanowires.
Low energy high angular resolution neutral atom detection by means of micro-shuttering techniques: the BepiColombo SERENA/ELENA sensor
Creators: name: Orsini, S.
name: Di Lellis, A. M.
name: Milillo, A.
name: De Angelis, E.
name: Mura, A.
name: Selci, S.
name: Dandouras, I.
name: Cerulli-Irelli, P.
name: Leoni, R.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Massetti, S.
name: Mattioli, F.
name: Orfei, R.
name: Austin, C.
name: Medale, J. -L.
name: Vertolli, N.
name: Di Giulio, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutral sensor ELENA (Emitted Low-Energy Neutral Atoms) for the ESA cornerstone BepiColombo mission to Mercury (in the SERENA instrument package) is a new kind of low energetic neutral atoms instrument, mostly devoted to sputtering emission from planetary surfaces, from E ~20 eV up to E~5 keV, within 1-D (2x76 deg). ELENA is a Time-of-Flight (TOF) system, based on oscillating shutter (operated at frequencies up to a 100 kHz) and mechanical gratings: the incoming neutral particles directly impinge upon the entrance with a definite timing (START) and arrive to a STOP detector after a flight path. After a brief dissertation on the achievable scientific objectives, this paper describes the instrument, with the new design techniques approached for the neutral particles identification and the nano-techniques used for designing and manufacturing the nano-structure shuttering core of the ELENA sensor. The expected count-rates, based on the Hermean environment features, are shortly presented and discussed. Such design technologies could be fruitfully exported to different applications for planetary exploration.
description: 11 pages
The bersila workstation : a new school furniture concept
Creators: name: Zalay, AA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In a period of globalization bersila practice has gradually begun to change as the modern form of seating has been introduced into the home, the school and the business environment and a more western approach to seating has been adopted. This research project investigates the developing of a body of furniture that takes into account the typical Malaysian sitting position called bersila or the cross-legged sitting position, which is common in most Asian cultures. The aim of this project is to foster the continued use of bersila particularly amongst young Malays. The early formative years of schooling were chosen for the development of a versatile workstation design to facilitate the bersila sitting position, identified as the Bersila Workstation: Kindergarten and the Bersila Workstation: Primary. Although chairs have been marketed to suit the Yoga sitting position, a kindergarten and a year one workstation to facilitate the bersila position is without precedent. In order to ensure that the workstation can be used in early schooling, a number of design criteria must be applied. These include: ‚Äö Suitability for low cost mass production ‚Äö The use of economic materials ‚Äö Robust construction ‚Äö Ease of manoeuver and stability ‚Äö Safe handling by young people ‚Äö Flexible use to suit various classroom activities ‚Äö Flat packing to aid distribution. The significance of the project is its tangible contribution to Malaysian culture. The bersila sitting position is a part of Malaysian and other Asian cultural identity as well as having ergonomic and life style benefits. In a world where globalization promotes conformity the early encouragement of bersila sitting in school will assist in encouraging the practice. This project outcome is an example of finding a design solution to meet cultural and lifestyle needs. The tangible results are two workstations that are suitable to the growing needs of kindergarten and primary school students. The furniture ideas have been tested in Malaysia and Australia schools, and the outcomes of the research demonstrate that the research project has the capacity to be introduced widely in the Malaysian education system at the same time as creating a versatile and flexible seating system at an important formative time in children's development. Malaysia is situated at the centre of a billion strong populations in a group of nations with a climate of economic growth due in part to the rising middle class. This indicates a demand for larger furnished homes. There is status implied in furniture and particularly in seating. However these populations also have long standing traditions that include the bersila seating position which suggests a potential to cater for both bersila and Western sitting. This project heralds a direction for the region in furniture design that combines both functional and cultural criteria.
Gap generation and semimetal-insulator phase transition in graphene
Creators: name: Gamayun, O. V.
name: Gorbar, E. V.
name: Gusynin, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gap generation is studied in suspended clean graphene in the continuum model for quasiparticles with the Coulomb interaction. We solve the gap equation with the dynamical polarization function and show that, comparing to the case of the static polarization function, the critical coupling constant lowers to the value α_c=0.92, which is close to that obtained in lattice Monte Carlo simulations. It is argued that additional short-range four-fermion interactions should be included in the continuum model to account for the lattice simulation results. We obtain the critical line in the plane of electromagnetic and four-fermion coupling constants and find a second order phase transition separating zero gap and gapped phases with critical exponents close to those found in lattice calculations.
description: text slightly extended, one figure and references added
title: Mormon Return Migration: A Return to Zion
Creators: name: Larson, Don Calder
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: The purpose of this research has been to study contemporary Mormon migration in the United States. The underlying assumption of the research was that Utah Mormons are culturally and normatively different from Mormons living elsewhere. Research was carried out in two stages. The first stage was a description of migration streams between four designated regions, i.e. Utah, states adjacent to Utah, other Western states, and the remaining Other states. This stage also determined the proportion of return migration in each stream. It provides initial evidence of the cultural pull of Utah for Mormons.
The second stage was a multivariate analysis of predictors of Mormon return migration in the United States between 1976 and 1981. A theoretical framework of measures of cultural and religious attachment (within the conceptualization of location-specific capital) and status and distance migration differentials was used. Seven models were tested. Each model looked at particular migration directions, i.e. to Utah, to regions other than Utah, from Utah, two models of return to Utah, and two models of return to regions other than Utah.
Findings show that migration to regions other than Utah are predicted better by predominantly socioeconomic stat us variables. destination But migration involving Utah as an origin or also require measures of cultural and/or religious commitment as well. These findings tend to support the conclusion that the intensity of cultural location-specific capital of Utah, as the Mormon cultural core, does influence the type and magnitude of Mormon migration.
Searching for onset of deconfinement via hypernuclei and baryon-strangeness correlations
Creators: name: Zhang, S.
name: Chen, J. H.
name: Crawford, H.
name: Keane, D.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Xu, Z. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the ratio $S_3 =\mathrm{^3_ΛH} / (\mathrm{^3He} \times \fracΛ{p})$ is a good representation of the local correlation between baryon number and strangeness, and therefore is a valuable tool to probe the nature of the dense matter created in high energy heavy-ion collision: quark gluon plasma or hadron gas. A multiphase transport model (AMPT) plus a dynamical coalescence model is used to elucidate our arguments. We find that AMPT with string melting predicts an increase of $S_3$ with increasing beam energy, and is consistent with experimental data, while AMPT with only hadronic scattering results in a low $S_3$ throughout the energy range from AGS to RHIC, and fails to describe the experimental data.
description: add several sentences in paragraph 2 and 3, one more paragraph (4) and one more reference (11) to address the referee's queries. accepted version
Constraining the MSSM sfermion mass matrices with light fermion masses
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Girrbach, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the finite supersymmetric loop corrections to fermion masses and mixing matrices in the generic MSSM. In this context the effects of non-decoupling chirally-enhanced self-energies are studied beyond leading order in perturbation theory. These NLO corrections are not only necessary for the renormalization of the CKM matrix to be unitary, they are also numerically important for the light fermion masses. Focusing on the tri-linear A-terms with generic flavor-structure we derive very strong bounds on the chirality-changing mass insertions delta^{f\,LR,RL}_{IJ} by applying 't Hooft's naturalness criterion. In particular, the NLO corrections to the up quark mass allow us to constrain the unbounded element delta^{u\,RL}_{13} if at the same time $δ^{u\,LR}_{13}$ is unequal to zero. Our result is important for single-top production at the LHC.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Prediction of hot spots in protein–DNA binding interfaces based on discrete wavelet transform and wavelet packet transform
Creators: name: Sun, Yu
name: Wu, Hongwei
name: Xu, Zhengrong
name: Yue, Zhenyu
name: Li, Ke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: The rankings of the 19 selected features. Table S2: Comparison of the performance of different machine learning classifiers on the training set. Table S3: WTL-PDH on training dataset 50 times 10-fold cross-validation results. Table S4: Performance comparison of different methods on the test set.
Tunable dynamical channel blockade in double-dot Aharonov-Bohm interferometers
Creators: name: Urban, Daniel
name: König, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electronic transport through an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer with single-level quantum dots embedded in the two arms. The full counting statistics in the shot-noise regime is calculated to first order in the tunnel-coupling strength. The interplay of interference and charging energy in the dots leads to a dynamical channel blockade that is tunable by the magnetic flux penetrating the Aharonov-Bohm ring. We find super-Poissonian behavior with diverging second and higher cumulants when the Aharonov-Bohm flux approaches an integer multiple of the flux quantum.
description: published version, 10 pages, 10 figures
Supplementary material - Combustion analysis of diesel / straight soybean blends in compression-ignition internal combustion engine
Creators: name: Cancino, Leonel R
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Data available in article or supplementary material - The data that support the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary material, it means, the input files of the AVL-BOOST\texttrademark\space engine simulation containing the complete set-up and results of simulations: (1) Experimental in-cylinder pressure data, (2) Thermodynamic database (from Gas Property Generator AVL-BOOST\texttrademark), (3) Engine valves lift and flow coefficients data, and, (4) HRR engine data for all the experimental conditions.
The Generalized Symmetry Method for Discrete Equations
Creators: name: Levi, D.
name: Yamilov, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized symmetry method is applied to a class of completely discrete equations including the Adler-Bobenko-Suris list. Assuming the existence of a generalized symmetry, we derive a few integrability conditions suitable for testing and classifying equations of this class. Those conditions are used at the end to test for integrability discretizations of some well-known hyperbolic equations.
title: Comparison between Hyperspectral Imaging and Chemical Analysis of Polyphenol Oxidase Activity on Fresh-Cut Apple Slices
Creators: name: Shrestha, Luna
name: Kulig, Boris
name: Moscetti, Roberto
name: Massantini, Riccardo
name: Pawelzik, Elke
name: Hensel, Oliver
name: Sturm, Barbara
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 580
subject: 620
subject: Apfelverarbeitung
subject: Catecholoxidase
subject: Bilderzeugung
subject: Bewertung
subject: Lebensmittelqualität

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
BOTH2Hands: Inferring 3D Hands from Both Text Prompts and Body Dynamics
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenqian
name: Huang, Molin
name: Zhou, Yuxuan
name: Zhang, Juze
name: Yu, Jingyi
name: Wang, Jingya
name: Xu, Lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recently emerging text-to-motion advances have spired numerous attempts for convenient and interactive human motion generation. Yet, existing methods are largely limited to generating body motions only without considering the rich two-hand motions, let alone handling various conditions like body dynamics or texts. To break the data bottleneck, we propose BOTH57M, a novel multi-modal dataset for two-hand motion generation. Our dataset includes accurate motion tracking for the human body and hands and provides pair-wised finger-level hand annotations and body descriptions. We further provide a strong baseline method, BOTH2Hands, for the novel task: generating vivid two-hand motions from both implicit body dynamics and explicit text prompts. We first warm up two parallel body-to-hand and text-to-hand diffusion models and then utilize the cross-attention transformer for motion blending. Extensive experiments and cross-validations demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and dataset for generating convincing two-hand motions from the hybrid body-and-textual conditions. Our dataset and code will be disseminated to the community for future research.
description: Accepted to CVPR 2024
Performance of the CMS Drift-Tube Local Trigger with Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: The CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of the Local Trigger based on the drift-tube system of the CMS experiment has been studied using muons from cosmic ray events collected during the commissioning of the detector in 2008. The properties of the system are extensively tested and compared with the simulation. The effect of the random arrival time of the cosmic rays on the trigger performance is reported, and the results are compared with the design expectations for proton-proton collisions and with previous measurements obtained with muon beams.
Tunneling Qubit Operation on a Protected Josephson Junction Array
Creators: name: Yin, Zhi
name: Li, Sheng-Wen
name: Chen, Yi-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a protected quantum computation process based on a hexagon Josephson junction array. Qubits are encoded in the punctured array, which is topologically protected. The degeneracy is related to the number of holes. The topological degeneracy is lightly shifted by tuning the flux through specific hexagons. We also show how to perform single qubit operation and basic quantum gate operations in this system.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. The published version in Phys. Rev., A81(2010)012327
Inductive heating using a high-magnetic-field pulse to initiate chemical reactions to generate composite materials
Creators: name: Zimmerer, Cordelia
name: Salazar Mejia, Catalina
name: Utech, Toni
name: Arnhold, Kerstin
name: Janke, Andreas
name: Wosnitza, Joachim
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bonding polymers
subject: High-magnetic-field
subject: Induction heating
subject: Polycarbonate
subject: Susceptormaterial
subject: 540

description: Induction heating is efficient, precise, cost-effective, and clean. The heating process is coupled to an electrically conducting material, usually a metal. As most polymers are dielectric and non-conducting, induction heating is not applicable. In order to transfer energy from an electromagnetic field into polymer induction structures, conducting materials or materials that absorb the radiation are required. This report gives a brief overview of induction heating processes used in polymer technology. In contrast to metals, most polymer materials are not affected by electromagnetic fields. However, an unwanted temperature rise of the polymer can occur when a radio frequency field is applied. The now available high-field magnetic sources provide a new platform for induction heating at very low frequencies, avoiding unwanted thermal effects within the material. Using polycarbonate and octadecylamine as an example, it is demonstrated that induction heating performed by a magnetic-field pulse with a maximum flux density of 59 T can be used to initiate chemical reactions. A 50 nm thick Ag loop, with a mean diameter of 7 mm, placed in the polymer-polymer interface acts as susceptor and a resistive heating element. The formation of urethane as a linker compound was examined by infrared spectroscopic imaging and differential scanning calorimetry.
The forgotten long span timber structures of Australia.
Creators: name: Nolan, Gregory
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This research begins to gauge the extent and quality of long span or structurally unique timber building in Australia and to evaluate the conditions that lead to that building. Before this research, professional knowledge about Australian experience with timber construction had been limited to historic wooden structures built before 1915 and to the personal knowledge of individual practitioners. Sixty years of experience and development in building with timber in Australia seem unrecognised or unknown. This ignorance necessarily restricts current professional practice in timber construction as Australian designers can only draw inspiration from their immediate experience, their knowledge of local heritage structures or from international publications. This paper identifies five separate construction cycles of long span or stmctural unique timber structures in Australia, establishes the main practitioners of each cycle, explores the reasons for each cycle's rise and decline and outlines the architectural and technical advances made. These cycles are: ‚Äö the Timber Bridge Cycle that began in 1860 and ended 1915. This cycle saw extensive timber bridge and building construction throughout Australia. The cycle is named after the network of timber bridges built throughout inland Australia. ‚Äö the Pacific War Cycle. This began in 1942 and ran to that war's end in 1945. It was a period of national reliance on wood and probably the most intense period of practical engineering and architectural experimentation in timber in Australian history. The longest span, the most vruied and the most diverse timber structures in Australian history were built during this period. ‚Äö the Postwar Reconstruction Cycle. This cycle began in 1950 and ended in 1961. It coincided with the major industrial expansion of the 1950's and saw detailed experimentation with plywood and with the glue laminated arch form. ‚Äö the Australian Regionalist Cycle. Led by architects, this cycle began in 1962 and ended in 1975. It saw timber accepted as a desirable aesthetic and structural alternative to man made materials such as steel and concrete. The designers of this period experimented with a wide range of structural forms and techniques in timber. ‚Äö the Portal Frame Cycle. This cycle began in 1984 and came to a close in 1992. Exploiting the volume of industrial and commercial construction of the time, initially engineers embraced timber construction, refining the structural technologies of timber portal frame buildings. Subsequently the cycle broadened to include architects. As each of these cycles contains its own key long span structures (or exemplars), this paper examines twenty four of these in detail.
NeIC Dellingr Project Phase 2 Deliverable 1 "Resource Exchange Models"
Creators: name: Brännvall, Mathias
name: Fagerholm, Juha
name: Lindi, Björn
name: Livenson, Ilja
name: Nikunen, Petri
name: Sjöström, Anders
name: Svalgaard-Kohrt, Jens
name: Viðarsson, Máni-Maríus
name: White, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Dellingr Phase 2 deliverable DO1 outlining the possible resource exchange models. This document gives a description of the possibilities and issues related to sharing High Performance Computing resources within the participating countries.
title: Traffic Safety Facts 1995: Children
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: National Center for Statistics and Analysis
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1996
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90662
subject: Traffic crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90775
subject: Fatalities
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93823
subject: Child restraint systems
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91557
subject: Children
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90655
subject: Bicycle crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96717
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97484
subject: Tables (Data)
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97496
subject: Graphs

description: 7p. in various pagings
description: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for children of every age from 5 to 14 years old (based on 1992 figures, which are the latest mortality data currently available from the National Center for Health Statistics). In 1995, there were a total of 41,798 traffic fatalities in the United States. The 0-14 age group accounted for 7 percent (2,794) of those traffic fatalities. In addition, children under 15 years old accounted for 5 percent (1,804) of all vehicle occupant fatalities, 10 percent (340,000) of all the people injured in motor vehicle crashes, and 9 percent (286,000) of all the vehicle occupants injured in crashes. This factsheet presents graphs showing trends by age groups for the years1985-1995 in regards to traffic fatalities, pedestrian fatalities, and pedalcyclist fatalities. Three tables deal with restraint use.
Finite-dimensionality in Tanaka theory
Creators: name: Kruglikov, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58A30, 34C14; 35A30

description: In this paper we extend the Tanaka finiteness theorem and inequality for the number of symmetries to arbitrary distributions (differential systems) and provide several applications.
description: In this version I extend the last section by including a description of all rank 2 and 3 distributions with infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra. The second proof of Theorem 1 for semi-strongly regular case is omitted in this version (as excessive), but it is valid/accessible through version 1.
title: Macroinvertebrate-Driven Nutrient Recycling in Four Large Rivers
Creators: name: Schroer, Matt A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: The cycling of nutrients is a fundamental process in streams and rivers, and scientists are increasingly recognizing the importance of animal communities to nutrient dynamics in these ecosystems. Despite growing evidence that animal excretion (i.e. urine) can supply limiting nutrients to primary producers in small streams, the importance of excretion is uncertain in large rivers. Accordingly, I used three estimation approaches based on past and new excretion rate data to determine nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excretion inputs from insect communities in four large rivers (discharge > 10 cubic meters per second) in North America, and I compared these rates to both the total demand for nutrients by primary producers and background nutrient levels. Additionally, I compared the ratio of excreted nutrients (N:P) to water nutrient limitation (N-limitation or P-limitation) to understand whether excretion by insects could serve as a potential source of limited nutrients to free-floating primary producers in large river ecosystems. Across all three estimation approaches, total insect community N excretion rates ranged from 18.9 to 1070.1 μg N m-2 hr-1, while community P excretion rates ranged from 16.3 to 378.7 μg P m-2 hr-1. Across all rivers and estimation approaches, community N and P excretion was equal to 0.7 to 32.4% and 0.1 to 6.0% of total N and P demand, respectively. Additionally, excreted N and P was equivalent to 0.5 to 62.3% and 0.2 to 5.5% of background N and P levels, respectively. Excreted N:P ratios suggested that excretion may serve as an important pathway in the alleviation of nutrient limitation for some primary producers in large rivers, although additional research will be required. Compared to smaller stream ecosystems, in which animal excretion can supply >50% of total N demand, and also match > 100% of background N levels, insect excretion appears to play a smaller role in nutrient dynamics of large rivers, although excretion may contribute significantly in rivers with high animal biomass and low background nutrient levels, as for N in the North Platte River in this study.
title: Traffic Safety Facts 1995: Large Trucks
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: National Center for Statistics and Analysis
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1996
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90775
subject: Fatalities
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90604
subject: Trucking safety
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91748
subject: Truck drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90674
subject: Truck crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93171
subject: Heavy duty trucks
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93149
subject: Tractor trailer combinations
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90667
subject: Multiple vehicle crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96717
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97484
subject: Tables (Data)
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97496
subject: Graphs

description: 5p. in various pagings
description: In 1995, 376,000 large trucks (gross vehicle weight rating greater than 10,000 pounds) were involved in traffic crashes in the United States; 4,453 were involved in fatal crashes. A total of 4,903 people died (12 percent of all the traffic fatalities reported in 1995) and an additional 116,000 were injured in those crashes. Large trucks accounted for 3 percent of all registered vehicles, 7 percent of total vehicle miles traveled, and 8 percent of all vehicles involved in fatal crashes. One out of nine traffic fatalities in 1995 resulted from a collision involving a large truck. Of the fatalities that resulted from crashes involving large trucks, 78 percent were occupants of another vehicle, 9 percent were nonoccupants, and 13 percent were occupants of a large truck. In almost three-fourths (72 percent) of the two-vehicle fatal crashes involving a large truck and another type of vehicle, police reported one or more factors for the other driver and none for the truck driver. The figure compare truck drivers to drivers of other type of vehicles regarding previous driving convictions. Of the tables, Table 1. shows involvement rate in fatal and injury crashes for large trucks, 1985-1995; Table 2. shows fatalities and injuries in crashes involving large trucks, 1995; Table 3. shows principal impact points in two-vehicle fatal crashes involving large tucks, 1995; and Table 4. shows large truck involvement in fatal crashes by state, 1995.
Fire and fuel in Tasmanian buttongrass moorlands : regimes, characteristics, behaviour and management
Creators: name: Marsden-Smedley, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The aims of this thesis are to examine the fire regimes, fuel characteristics, fire behaviour and fire management of Tasmanian buttongrass moorlands. Major changes have occurred to the fire regime of southwest Tasmania over the past 170 years. The fire regime has changed from an Aboriginal regime of mostly frequent low intensity buttongrass moorland fires to the early European fire regime of frequent high intensity fires in all vegetation types, to a regime of low to medium intensity buttongrass moorland fires and finally to the current regime of very few fires. Buttongrass moorland fuel accumulation rates in western and southwestern Tasmania can be divided into two productivity groups, based on geological type. Within each productivity group, the vegetation cover and/or the time since the last fire can be used to model fuel load and the dead fuel load. Dead fuel moistures in buttongrass moorlands can be predicted from the relative humidity and dew point temperature. The main influences on buttongrass moorland rates of fire spread are wind speed, dead fuel moisture and age. Flame height in these moorlands is highly correlated with the fuel consumption rate, which in tum is controlled by the rate of fire spread, fuel load and dead fuel moisture. Operational fire behaviour models have been developed which use the wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, age and site productivity to predict the frre spread rate and flame height. The prescriptions for burning buttongrass moorlands have also been refined. Wildland fire management is a major problem in western and southwestern Tasmania. This is mainly due to the extensive area of fire-adapted and fire-dependent vegetation, the small area burnt by natural fires, the high incidence of arson in some areas and across much of the region, the old-growth nature of the buttongrass moorland vegetation. If we are going to preserve the ecological values of the region whilst minimising the economic and social costs of management, we are going to have to reintroduce frre into the region. Such reintroductions of fire will need to be performed in a highly sophisticated manner in order to maximise the potential that they will achieve the desired outcomes.
Ni$_2$X$_2$ (X=pnictide, chalcogenide, or B) Based Superconductors
Creators: name: Ronning, F.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Park, T.
name: Kurita, N.
name: Klimczuk, T.
name: Movshovich, R.
name: Sefat, A. S.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Thompson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the properties of Ni-based superconductors which contain Ni2X2 (X=As, P, Bi, Si, Ge, B) planes, a common structural element found also in the recently discovered FeAs superconductors. Strong evidence for the fully gapped nature of the superconducting state has come from field dependent thermal conductivity results on BaNi2As2. Coupled with the lack of magnetism, the majority of evidence suggests that the Ni-based compounds are conventional electron-phonon mediated superconductors. However, the increase in Tc in LaNiAsO with doping is anomalous, and mimics the behavior in LaFeAsO. Furthermore, comparisons of the properties of Ni- and Fe-based systems show many similarities, particularly with regards to structure-property relationships. This suggests a deeper connection between the physics of the FeAs superconductors and the related Ni-based systems which deserves further investigation.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables; A review to appear in the Physica C special issue on superconducting pnictides
The geography of salmon fishing conflicts: the case of Noyes Island
Creators: name: Logan, Roderick MacKenzie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This study examines the complex problems associated with the allocation and management of mobile salmon resources passing through politically partitioned land and sea space in southeastern Alaska and northern British Columbia. While the salmon fishing industry was found to be relatively important at the local level, it is suggested that the salmon of Canadian origin removed off Noyes Island "by Alaskan fishermen are not of critical importance to the economies of either Alaska or British Columbia when considered as a whole. Therefore, it is concluded that the Noyes Island conflict should not be allowed to jeopardize the salmon conservation programs of Canada and the United States by provoking a de facto abrogation of a mutually advantageous treaty designed to prevent the massive oceanic capture of salmon. From this case study in political geography it was determined that salmon fishing conflicts can best be understood by examining: (1) The peculiar nature of the salmon resource. (2) The state of knowledge concerning its origins and movements and the spatial implications of these movements. (3) The evolution of opposing national fisheries, (4) Interrelated political considerations. It was also found that salmon fishing conflicts could be classified into two categories based upon quantitative and ideological differences. Finally, a tentative geographic model was constructed that could serve as the basis for organizing future enquiry into salmon fishing disputes by clearly illustrating the spatial problems common to such conflicts. The model particularly emphasizes the lack of congruency between biotic and political units and the effects this has on competing, nationally organized exploitation of the salmon resource.