cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A survey of nuclear quadrupole deformation in order to estimate the nuclear MQM and its relative contribution to the atomic EDM
Creators: name: MohanMurthy, Prajwal
name: Silwal, Umesh
name: Winger, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New sources of charge-parity (CP) violation, beyond the known sources in the standard model (SM), are required to explain the baryon asymmetry of the universe. Measurement of a non-zero permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in fundamental particles, such as in an electron or a neutron, or in nuclei or atoms, can help us gain a handle on the sources of CP violation, both in the SM and beyond. The nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM), the central topic of this work, is also CP, P, and T violating. Nucleons and nuclei have a non-zero MQM from sources within the SM, but the nuclear MQM is dramatically enhanced if the nuclei are structurally quadrupole deformed. Multiple sources contribute to an atomic EDM \emph{viz.} (i) nuclear EDM through its Schiff moment, which is enhanced by nuclear octupole deformation, (ii) CP violating interactions between the electrons and the nuclei, and (iii) the nuclear MQM that contributes to the atomic EDM in atoms with an unpaired valence electron. Our survey of nuclear quadrupole deformation has identified $^{151}$Nd, $^{153}$Pm, $^{153}$Sm, $^{157}$Ho, $^{163,165}$Er, $^{161,168}$Tm, $^{167}$Yb, $^{169}$Hf, $^{171,180}$Ta, $^{173,175,177,179,180}$Re, $^{190,192}$Ir, $^{188}$Au, $^{223,225}$Fr, $^{223,227,229,231}$Ra, $^{223,225,227,229}$Ac, $^{229,231}$Th, $^{229,231,233,235}$Pa, $^{235}$U, $^{233,235,237,238,239}$Np, $^{237}$Pu, and $^{239,241,242,243,245}$Am as ideal systems in which to search for a CP violating EDM via their enhanced nuclear MQM, while $^{223,225}$Fr, $^{223}$Ra, $^{223,225,227}$Ac, $^{229}$Th, and $^{229}$Pa also have maximally enhanced nuclear Schiff moment contribution due to their octupole deformation. Laser cooling of the isotopes of Er, Tm, Yb, Fr, and Ra has already been demonstrated, making $^{223,225}$Fr and $^{223}$Ra some of the best systems in which to measure an EDM.
description: Proceedings of The International Conference on Hyperfine Interactions and their Applications, HYPERFINE 2023; Nov 13-17, 2023, Nara, Japan; Abs. ID: P-63. 18 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Monte Carlo simulations of the S-shaped neutron guides with asymmetric concave and convex surface coatings
Creators: name: Souza, Alexandre P. S.
name: de Oliveira, Luiz P.
name: Genezini, Frederico A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last decades, neutron beam transportation has been a well-known and established subject for designing proper neutron guides. However, sometimes unusual adaptation or adjustments are required out of original projects and after operation beginning of facilities. Inter-center transferring of instrument locations also requires a new approach that is not necessarily described in the literature. Inside these situations, the use of S-shaped guides has not been fully discussed in the literature. From a geometrical analysis, we develop a formalism of construction of a minimal S-shaped guide by only considering the exclusion of the Line-of-Sight. We study this guide model through the wavelength cutoff and the neutron transport efficiency analysis. Here, Monte Carlo simulations using MCSTAS software are applied. By intending to optimize these guide systems, simulations of this study also consider scenarios that have different supermirrors. A formalism to determine wavelength cutoff for unique and variable index guide systems is also developed. Simulation results show a good agreement between theoretical and simulated wavelength cutoff values. In addition, we have found specific configurations that combine efficient neutron transport and lower index values on the convex surfaces of curved guides that form the S-shaped guide.
description: 25 pages, Preprint submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Productivity and Consumption in the Kibbutz System at a Time of Crisis: Measurement and Comparison to National Statistics
Creators: name: Kroll, Yoram
name: Polovin, Avraham
name: Kroll, Yoram
name: Polovin, Avraham
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The paper compares per capita product, disposable income, consumption and savings figures for the kibbutz movement to the equivalent national Israeli figures. The newness of this paper lies in the separation of the macroeconomic figures of the kibbutz as a specific ideological sector. This is done by considering the economy of the kibbutzim (plural of kibbutz) as an autonomous one which exports and imports goods and services from the rest of the national Israeli economy. This methodology enables for the first time to aggregate figures of the individual kibbutz into macro-national comparable terms. The comparison focuses on four years: 1982, which indicates the pre-crisis period; 1989 - the mid-crisis year; 1992 which is considered by the kibbutz movements as the beginning of the recovery process, and 1994 still in the changing process. The paper examines conceptual and practical measurement problems involved in the comparison. Even before the crisis began, there was a relative low per capita gross product in the kibbutz. The figures of the mid-crisis indicate a decline in the relative gross product, but show some modest steps towards recovery in the end of the observed period. A simulation shows that one cannot blame the high interest rate paid by the kibbutz alone for its poor performance. The paper indicates that in contrast to the general findings until the 1980s, the kibbutz system is overall less efficient than the Israeli economy as a whole.
Ethical Issues Surrounding the Research Use of Forensic Samples in Japan
Creators: name: Tatsuaki Tsuruyama*
name: Inoue, Hikari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170104 Forensic Psychology
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: In recent years, many countries have established ethical legislation to regulate the use of human samples in medical research. In this paper, we consider the unique ethical issues involved when forensic samples are used as research resources. Unlike clinical pathological autopsies that presuppose the informed consent of a patient’s relative(s) for conduct of the autopsy, certain aspects of forensic autopsies does not. In this article, we classify the forensic research and consider the ethical issues in individual research use and propose criteria for research use based on scientific validation and an examination by an institutional ethical review board.
Foreground-Aware Stylization and Consensus Pseudo-Labeling for Domain Adaptation of First-Person Hand Segmentation
Creators: name: Ohkawa, Takehiko
name: Yagi, Takuma
name: Hashimoto, Atsushi
name: Ushiku, Yoshitaka
name: Sato, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hand segmentation is a crucial task in first-person vision. Since first-person images exhibit strong bias in appearance among different environments, adapting a pre-trained segmentation model to a new domain is required in hand segmentation. Here, we focus on appearance gaps for hand regions and backgrounds separately. We propose (i) foreground-aware image stylization and (ii) consensus pseudo-labeling for domain adaptation of hand segmentation. We stylize source images independently for the foreground and background using target images as style. To resolve the domain shift that the stylization has not addressed, we apply careful pseudo-labeling by taking a consensus between the models trained on the source and stylized source images. We validated our method on domain adaptation of hand segmentation from real and simulation images. Our method achieved state-of-the-art performance in both settings. We also demonstrated promising results in challenging multi-target domain adaptation and domain generalization settings. Code is available at https://github.com/ut-vision/FgSty-CPL.
description: Accepted to IEEE Access 2021
On the Mordell--Weil lattice of $y^2 = x^3 + b x + t^{3^n + 1}$ in characteristic $3$
Creators: name: Leterrier, Gauthier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11M38, 11T24, 11H31

description: We study the elliptic curves given by $y^2 = x^3 + b x + t^{3^n+1}$ over global function fields of characteristic $3$; in particular we perform an explicit computation of the $L$-function by relating it to the zeta function of a certain superelliptic curve $u^3 + b u = v^{3^n + 1}$. In this way, using the Néron-Tate height on the Mordell--Weil group, we obtain lattices in dimension $2 \cdot 3^n$ for every $n \geq 1$, which improve on the currently best known sphere packing densities in dimensions 162 (case $n=4$) and 486 (case $n=5$). For $n=3$, the construction has the same packing density as the best currently known sphere packing in dimension $54$, and for $n=1$ it has the same density as the lattice $E_6$ in dimension $6$.
description: v2: Minor revisions. Comments are welcome. 23 pages
Pressure-Induced Metallization in Iron-Based Ladder Compounds Ba$_{1-x}$Cs$_x$Fe$_2$Se$_3$
Creators: name: Hawai, Takafumi
name: Kawashima, Chizuru
name: Ohgushi, Kenya
name: Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki
name: Nambu, Yusuke
name: Uwatoko, Yoshiya
name: Sato, Taku J.
name: Takahashi, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical resistivity measurements have been performed on the iron-based ladder compounds Ba$_{1-x}$Cs$_x$Fe$_2$Se$_3$ ($x$ = 0, 0.25, 0.65, and 1) under high pressure. A cubic anvil press was used up to 8.0 GPa, whereas further higher pressure was applied using a diamond anvil cell up to 30.0 GPa. Metallic behavior of the electrical conductivity was confirmed in the $x$ = 0.25 and 0.65 samples for pressures greater than 11.3 and 14.4 GPa, respectively, with the low-temperature $\log T$ upturn being consistent with weak localization of 2D electrons due to random potential. At pressures higher than 23.8 GPa, three-dimensional Fermi-liquid-like behavior was observed in the latter sample. No metallic conductivity was observed in the parent compounds BaFe$_2$Se$_3$ ($x $ = 0) up to 30.0 GPa and CsFe$_2$Se$_3$ ($x$ = 1) up to 17.0 GPa. The present results indicate that the origins of the insulating ground states in the parent and intermediate compounds are intrinsically different; the former is a Mott insulator, whereas the latter is an Anderson insulator owing to the random substitution of Cs for Ba.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Photo-induced Dynamics of Quasicrystalline Excitonic Insulator
Creators: name: Inayoshi, Ken
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Koga, Akihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the photo-induced dynamics of the excitonic insulator in the two-band Hubbard model on the Penrose tiling by means of the time-dependent real-space mean-field approximation. We show that, with a single-cycle electric-field pulse, the bulk (spatially averaged) excitonic order parameter decreases in the BCS regime, while it increases in the BEC regime. To clarify the dynamics peculiar to the Penrose tiling, we examine the coordination number dependence of observables and analyze the perpendicular space. In the BEC regime, characteristic oscillations of the electron number at each site are induced by the pulse, which are not observed in normal crystals. On the other hand, the dynamics in the BCS regime is characterized by drastic change in the spatial pattern of the excitonic order parameter.
description: 10pages, 10 figures
Chemical and Lattice Stability of the Tin Sulfides
Creators: name: Skelton, Jonathan M.
name: Burton, Lee A.
name: Oba, Fumiyasu
name: Walsh, Aron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tin sulfides represent a materials platform for earth-abundant semiconductor technologies. We present a first-principles study of the five known and proposed phases of SnS together with SnS2 and Sn2S3. Lattice-dynamics techniques are used to evaluate the dynamical stability and temperature-dependent thermodynamic free energy, and we also consider the effect of dispersion forces on the energetics. The recently identified π-cubic phase of SnS is found to be metastable with respect to the well-known orthorhombic Pnma/Cmcm equilibrium. The Cmcm phase is a low-lying saddle point between Pnma minima on the potential-energy surface, and is observed as an average structure at high temperatures. Bulk rocksalt and zincblende phases are found to be dynamically unstable, and we show that whereas rocksalt SnS can potentially be stabilised under a reduction of the lattice constant, the hypothetical zincblende phase proposed in several earlier studies is extremely unlikely to form. We also investigate the stability of Sn2S3 with respect to SnS and SnS2, and find that both dispersion forces and vibrational contributions to the free energy are required to explain its experimentally-observed resistance to decomposition.
description: Article + ESI
Additional file 7 of Metastatic breast cancer cells induce altered microglial morphology and electrical excitability in vivo
Creators: name: Simon, Anna
name: Yang, Ming
name: Marrison, Joanne L.
name: James, Andrew D.
name: Hunt, Mark J.
name: O’Toole, Peter J.
name: Kaye, Paul M.
name: Whittington, Miles A.
name: Chawla, Sangeeta
name: Brackenbury, William J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7 Table 1. Summary of Sholl analysis results from animals imaged in vivo and post mortem.
Universality regained: Kibble-Zurek dynamics, off-equilibrium scaling and the search for the QCD critical point
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Swagato
name: Venugopalan, Raju
name: Yin, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize and apply the key elements of the Kibble-Zurek framework of nonequilibrium phase transitions to study the non-equilibrium critical cumulants near the QCD critical point. We demonstrate the off-equilibrium critical cumulants are expressible as universal scaling functions. We discuss how to use off-equilibrium scaling to provide powerful model-independent guidance in searches for the QCD critical point.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the proceedings of Quark Matter - XXVI international conference on ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions (Chicago, USA, February 5 to February 11, 2017), a minor typo corrected
The Royal Tombs at Vergina Macedonia, Greece, Revisited A Forensic Review
Creators: name: Delides GS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170104 Forensic Psychology
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Three Royal Tombs were discovered at Vergina, Greece in 1977. In Tomb II, identified as the one of king Phillip, II father of Alexander the Great, and his wife Cleopatra, a ceremonial suit of armors including a pair of gilded greaves of unequal size, consistent with the documented lameness of Phillip II was found. A number of archaeologists and historians disagreed on the identification of the occupants in favor of Phillip III Arrhidaios and Eurydice the other royal couple likely to have been buried in the royal tombs at Vergina. Since Arrhidaios was unwarlike and intellectually weak they suggested that the ceremonial armor, was Alexander the Great’s, disregarding the unequal size of the gilded greaves. An argument between scientists whether the bones found were cremated with flesh around them or degreased, was also published. In a recent published paper examination of bones of a male found in Tomb I revealed a left knee ankylosis and a penetrating lance-related injury, regarded as proof that Tomb I was that of Phillip II. The authors support the view that the armor in Tomb II belonged to Alexander; no mention is made of the gilded greaves. There were no signs of inflammation or osteomyelitis found. One cannot easily explain how such a wound could not have damaged a main artery (fatal by that time) and accept that a year later the lesion healed and Phillip (if he was the wounded one) could have fought again at the battle of Chaeronea. The unequal size of the greaves has also taken into account and the armor being that of Alexander’s should be rejected.
A mechanistic model quantifies artemisinin-induced parasite growth retardation in blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum infection
Creators: name: Cao, Pengxing
name: Klonis, Nectarios
name: Zaloumis, Sophie
name: Khoury, David S.
name: Cromer, Deborah
name: Davenport, Miles P.
name: Tilley, Leann
name: Simpson, Julie A.
name: McCaw, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92B05

description: Falciparum malaria is a major parasitic disease causing widespread morbidity and mortality globally. Artemisinin derivatives---the most effective and widely-used antimalarials that have helped reduce the burden of malaria by 60% in some areas over the past decade---have recently been found to induce growth retardation of blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum when applied at clinically relevant concentrations. To date, no model has been designed to quantify the growth retardation effect and to predict the influence of this property on in vivo parasite killing. Here we introduce a mechanistic model of parasite growth from the ring to trophozoite stage of the parasite's life cycle, and by modelling the level of staining with an RNA-binding dye, we demonstrate that the model is able to reproduce fluorescence distribution data from in vitro experiments using the laboratory 3D7 strain. We quantify the dependence of growth retardation on drug concentration and demonstrate the model's utility as a platform to propose experimentally-testable mechanisms of growth retardation. Furthermore we illustrate that a drug-induced delay in growth may significantly influence in vivo parasite dynamics, demonstrating the importance of considering growth retardation in the design of optimal artemisinin-based dosing regimens.
description: 44 pages, 20 figures (including 8 supplementary figures), 8 tables (including 6 supplementary tables)
Automated Body Structure Extraction from Arbitrary 3D Mesh
Creators: name: Khoo, Yong
name: Chung, Sang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an automated method for 3D character skeleton extraction that can be applied for generic 3D shapes. Our work is motivated by the skeleton-based prior work on automatic rigging focused on skeleton extraction and can automatically aligns the extracted structure to fit the 3D shape of the given 3D mesh. The body mesh can be subsequently skinned based on the extracted skeleton and thus enables rigging process. In the experiment, we apply public dataset to drive the estimated skeleton from different body shapes, as well as the real data obtained from 3D scanning systems. Satisfactory results are obtained compared to the existing approaches.
Using Contexts and Constraints for Improved Geotagging of Human Trafficking Webpages
Creators: name: Kapoor, Rahul
name: Kejriwal, Mayank
name: Szekely, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extracting geographical tags from webpages is a well-motivated application in many domains. In illicit domains with unusual language models, like human trafficking, extracting geotags with both high precision and recall is a challenging problem. In this paper, we describe a geotag extraction framework in which context, constraints and the openly available Geonames knowledge base work in tandem in an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model to achieve good performance. In preliminary empirical investigations, the framework improves precision by 28.57% and F-measure by 36.9% on a difficult human trafficking geotagging task compared to a machine learning-based baseline. The method is already being integrated into an existing knowledge base construction system widely used by US law enforcement agencies to combat human trafficking.
description: 6 pages, GeoRich 2017 workshop at ACM SIGMOD conference
title: Epoka Iwana Groźnego w powieści Książę Kurbski Borisa Fiodorowa
Creators: name: Nowakowska-Ozdoba, Joanna
Publisher: name: Polilog Studia Neofilologiczne Nr 9
Year: 2019

description: The epoch of ivan the Terrible in Boris Fedorov’s novel Prince Kurbsky The article is devted to the depiction of the epoch of Ivan the Terrible in Boris Fedorov’s novel Prince Kurbsky. While working on the novel, the writer used documentary material, drawing on real-life and ethnographic detail, which enabled him to create a reliable image of the past. It corresponds to the common perceptron of 16th century Russia. The novel contains many drastic scenes associated with the activities of Ivan the Terrible. In his creation of the characters, the writer made extensive use of Gothic elements. The novel’s representation of the era also relies on some aspects of insane literature, which gives this time period an air of cruelty, lack of feeling and terror.
Optical properties of azobenzene-functionalized self-assembled monolayers: Intermolecular coupling and many-body interactions
Creators: name: Cocchi, Caterina
name: Moldt, Thomas
name: Gahl, Cornelius
name: Weinelt, Martin
name: Draxl, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a joint theoretical and experimental work the optical properties of azobenzene-functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are studied at different molecular packing densities. Our results, based on density-functional and many-body perturbation theory, as well as on differential reflectance (DR) spectroscopy, shed light on the microscopic mechanisms ruling photo-absorption in these systems. While the optical excitations are intrinsically excitonic in nature, regardless of the molecular concentration, in densely-packed SAMs intermolecular coupling and local-field effects are responsible for a sizable weakening of the exciton binding strength. Through a detailed analysis of the character of the electron-hole pairs, we show that distinct excitations involved in the photo-isomerization at low molecular concentrations are dramatically broadened by intermolecular interactions. Spectral shifts in the calculated DR spectra are in good agreement with the experimental results. Our findings represent an important step forward to rationalize the excited-state properties of these complex materials.
Additional file 2 of Heteroexpression of Osa-miR319b improved switchgrass biomass yield and feedstock quality by repression of PvPCF5
Creators: name: Liu, Yanrong
name: Yan, Jianping
name: Wang, Kexin
name: Li, Dayong
name: Han, Yejun
name: Zhang, Wanjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Data S1. Supplementary methods, generation of agrobacterium-mediated transgenic switchgrass plants.
Characterization of Photocopier Toners By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS): How They Change With Age
Creators: name: Lyter, Albert H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170104 Forensic Psychology
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: A Past work in the examination of photocopier toners has used various infrared and pyrolysis gas chromatography. These approaches have been successful in differentiating between various photocopier toner “libraries”, but with some overlap among toner formulations from the same manufacturer. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy is an instrumental technique that measures the surface composition of a solid sample in regards to both elemental and chemical species. Through the use of high energy x-rays, characteristic photoelectrons are generated from the uppermost 20-100 angstroms of the sample. Data are correlated with known binding energy values to identify the particular atomic species. Due to chemical shifts caused by the immediate molecular environment of the examined atoms, chemical species information is also obtained. For example, the energy of a carbon atom in graphite has a different value from carbon contained in polymeric materials. The carbon and oxygen species, as well as the ratio of carbon to oxygen, are useful for the characterization of the various toner samples. Since most xerographic toners are polymeric in nature, the carbon atoms specifically associated with alcohol, carbonyl or ether bonds yield useful information. Earlier work has shown that with age qualitative and quantitative changes occur [8-10]. This study involved the use of both heat and ultraviolet radiation to mimic the referenced changes on several different toner formulations. A variety of artificial aging conditions were evaluated and comparison with naturally aged samples categorized the parameters by which a toner samples “age” could be determined. The characteristic surface sensitivity of XPS allowed for the direct examination of samples taken from documents without separation of paper from the toner component. The ability to remove paper, and therefore its components, from the analysis results in a clean sample absent of any contamination. This contamination can be inorganic, such as titanium or calcium from fillers or whiteners, or organic, such as carbon species from cellulose fibers or starch used as a coating. This technique provides a methodology by which the “age” of toner containing documents can be determined. Future work will include a more comprehensive study
Additional file 1 of Heteroexpression of Osa-miR319b improved switchgrass biomass yield and feedstock quality by repression of PvPCF5
Creators: name: Liu, Yanrong
name: Yan, Jianping
name: Wang, Kexin
name: Li, Dayong
name: Han, Yejun
name: Zhang, Wanjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. mRNA amount of miR319 and target PvPCFs in different part of the second internode from top of R1 stage stems. (a) the second internode of R1 stage tiller was cut into 18 segments (about 1 cm long each) and phloroglucinol staining was performed. The expression level of miR319 (b) and PvPCFs (c) in the first, sixth, twentieth and eighteenth segment.
Entanglement phase transitions in random stabilizer tensor networks
Creators: name: Yang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Li, Yaodong
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
name: Chen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a class of random tensor network models with "stabilizer" local tensors which we name Random Stabilizer Tensor Networks (RSTNs). For RSTNs defined on a two-dimensional square lattice, we perform extensive numerical studies of entanglement phase transitions between volume-law and area-law entangled phases of the one-dimensional boundary states. These transitions occur when either (a) the bond dimension $D$ of the constituent tensors is varied, or (b) the tensor network is subject to random breaking of bulk bonds, implemented by forced measurements. In the absence of broken bonds, we find that the RSTN supports a volume-law entangled boundary state with bond dimension $D\geq3$ where $D$ is a prime number, and an area-law entangled boundary state for $D=2$. Upon breaking bonds at random in the bulk with probability $p$, there exists a critical measurement rate $p_c$ for each $D\geq 3$ above which the boundary state becomes area-law entangled. To explore the conformal invariance at these entanglement transitions for different prime $D$, we consider tensor networks on a finite rectangular geometry with a variety of boundary conditions, and extract universal operator scaling dimensions via extensive numerical calculations of the entanglement entropy, mutual information and mutual negativity at their respective critical points. Our results at large $D$ approach known universal data of percolation conformal field theory, while showing clear discrepancies at smaller $D$, suggesting a distinct entanglement transition universality class for each prime $D$. We further study universal entanglement properties in the volume-law phase and demonstrate quantitative agreement with the recently proposed description in terms of a directed polymer in a random environment.
description: Updated to published version
Additional file 4 of Urbanicity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, and behavioral and emotional problems in children: a path analysis
Creators: name: B. Evans
name: J. Ende
name: K. Greaves-Lord
name: A. Huizink
name: R. Beijers
name: C. Weerth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 4. Cortisol levels during the psychosocial stress procedure (A and B) and during the home measurement (C and D) in the JOiN (A and C) and BIBO (B and D) samples.
Resistance distance distribution in large sparse random graphs
Creators: name: Akara-pipattana, Pawat
name: Chotibut, Thiparat
name: Evnin, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an Erdos-Renyi random graph consisting of N vertices connected by randomly and independently drawing an edge between every pair of them with probability c/N so that at N->infinity one obtains a graph of finite mean degree c. In this regime, we study the distribution of resistance distances between the vertices of this graph and develop an auxiliary field representation for this quantity in the spirit of statistical field theory. Using this representation, a saddle point evaluation of the resistance distance distribution is possible at N->infinity in terms of an 1/c expansion. The leading order of this expansion captures the results of numerical simulations very well down to rather small values of c; for example, it recovers the empirical distribution at c=4 or 6 with an overlap of around 90%. At large values of c, the distribution tends to a Gaussian of mean 2/c and standard deviation sqrt{2/c^3}. At small values of c, the distribution is skewed toward larger values, as captured by our saddle point analysis, and many fine features appear in addition to the main peak, including subleading peaks that can be traced back to resistance distances between vertices of specific low degrees and the rest of the graph. We develop a more refined saddle point scheme that extracts the corresponding degree-differentiated resistance distance distributions. We then use this approach to recover analytically the most apparent of the subleading peaks that originates from vertices of degree 1. Rather intuitively, this subleading peak turns out to be a copy of the main peak, shifted by one unit of resistance distance and scaled down by the probability for a vertex to have degree 1. We comment on a possible lack of smoothness in the true N->infinity distribution suggested by the numerics.
description: v2: expanded version, accepted for publication in J. Stat. Mech
Charm-baryon semileptonic decays and the strange $Λ^*$ resonances: New insights from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Meinel, Stefan
name: Rendon, Gumaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the properties of the strange $Λ^*$ baryon resonances is a long-standing and fascinating problem. $Λ_c$ charm-baryon semileptonic weak decays to these resonances are highly sensitive to their internal structure and can be used to test theoretical models. We have performed the first lattice-QCD computation of the form factors governing $Λ_c$ semileptonic decays to a $Λ^*$ resonance: the $Λ^*(1520)$, which has negative parity and spin $3/2$. Here we present the resulting Standard-Model predictions of the $Λ_c\toΛ^*(1520)\ell^+ν_\ell$ differential and integrated decay rates as well as angular observables. Furthermore, by combining the recent BESIII measurement of the $Λ_c \to X e^+ ν_e$ inclusive semipositronic branching fraction [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 251801 (2018)] with lattice-QCD predictions of the $Λ_c \to Λe^+ ν_e$, $Λ_c \to n e^+ ν_e$, and $Λ_c \to Λ^*(1520) e^+ ν_e$ decay rates, we obtain an upper limit on the sum of the branching fractions to all other semipositronic final states. In particular, this upper limit constrains the $Λ_c\toΛ^*(1405)e^+ ν_e$ branching fraction to be very small, which may be another hint for a molecular structure of the $Λ^*(1405)$.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 3 of Heteroexpression of Osa-miR319b improved switchgrass biomass yield and feedstock quality by repression of PvPCF5
Creators: name: Liu, Yanrong
name: Yan, Jianping
name: Wang, Kexin
name: Li, Dayong
name: Han, Yejun
name: Zhang, Wanjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Chemical composition of WT and miR319 expression altered transgenic plants.
Electric-field switchable second-harmonic generation in bilayer MoS$_{2}$ by inversion symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Klein, Julian
name: Wierzbowski, Jakob
name: Steinhoff, Alexander
name: Florian, Matthias
name: Rösner, Malte
name: Heimbach, Florian
name: Müller, Kai
name: Jahnke, Frank
name: Wehling, Tim O.
name: Finley, Jonathan J.
name: Kaniber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate pronounced electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation in naturally inversion symmetric 2H stacked bilayer MoS$_{2}$ embedded into microcapacitor devices. By applying strong external electric field perturbations ($|F| = \pm 2.6 MVcm^{-1}$) perpendicular to the basal plane of the crystal we control the inversion symmetry breaking and, hereby, tune the nonlinear conversion efficiency. Strong tunability of the nonlinear response is observed throughout the energy range ($E_ω \sim 1.25 eV - 1.47 eV$) probed by measuring the second-harmonic response at $E_{2ω}$, spectrally detuned from both the A- and B-exciton resonances. A 60-fold enhancement of the second-order nonlinear signal is obtained for emission at $E_{2ω} = 2.49 eV$, energetically detuned by $ΔE = E_{2ω} - E_C = -0.26 eV$ from the C-resonance ($E_{C} = 2.75 eV$). The pronounced spectral dependence of the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation signal reflects the bandstructure and wave function admixture and exhibits particularly strong tunability below the C-resonance, in good agreement with Density Functional Theory calculations. Moreover, we show that the field-induced second-harmonic generation relies on the interlayer coupling in the bilayer. Our findings strongly suggest that the strong tunability of the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation signal in bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides may find applications in miniaturized electrically switchable nonlinear devices.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Evolution and Analysis of Embodied Spiking Neural Networks Reveals Task-Specific Clusters of Effective Networks
Creators: name: Vasu, Madhavun Candadai
name: Izquierdo, Eduardo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Elucidating principles that underlie computation in neural networks is currently a major research topic of interest in neuroscience. Transfer Entropy (TE) is increasingly used as a tool to bridge the gap between network structure, function, and behavior in fMRI studies. Computational models allow us to bridge the gap even further by directly associating individual neuron activity with behavior. However, most computational models that have analyzed embodied behaviors have employed non-spiking neurons. On the other hand, computational models that employ spiking neural networks tend to be restricted to disembodied tasks. We show for the first time the artificial evolution and TE-analysis of embodied spiking neural networks to perform a cognitively-interesting behavior. Specifically, we evolved an agent controlled by an Izhikevich neural network to perform a visual categorization task. The smallest networks capable of performing the task were found by repeating evolutionary runs with different network sizes. Informational analysis of the best solution revealed task-specific TE-network clusters, suggesting that within-task homogeneity and across-task heterogeneity were key to behavioral success. Moreover, analysis of the ensemble of solutions revealed that task-specificity of TE-network clusters correlated with fitness. This provides an empirically testable hypothesis that links network structure to behavior.
description: Camera ready version of accepted for GECCO'17
Neutron-proton scattering at next-to-next-to-leading order in Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Alarcón, Jose Manuel
name: Du, Dechuan
name: Klein, Nico
name: Lähde, Timo A.
name: Lee, Dean
name: Li, Ning
name: Lu, Bing-Nan
name: Luu, Thomas
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of neutron-proton scattering in Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory (NLEFT), in terms of the computationally efficient radial Hamiltonian method. Our leading-order (LO) interaction consists of smeared, local contact terms and static one-pion exchange. We show results for a fully non-perturbative analysis up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO), followed by a perturbative treatment of contributions beyond LO. The latter analysis anticipates practical Monte Carlo simulations of heavier nuclei. We explore how our results depend on the lattice spacing a, and estimate sources of uncertainty in the determination of the low-energy constants of the next-to-leading-order (NLO) two-nucleon force. We give results for lattice spacings ranging from a = 1.97 fm down to a = 0.98 fm, and discuss the effects of lattice artifacts on the scattering observables. At a = 0.98 fm, lattice artifacts appear small, and our NNLO results agree well with the Nijmegen partial-wave analysis for S-wave and P-wave channels. We expect the peripheral partial waves to be equally well described once the lattice momenta in the pion-nucleon coupling are taken to coincide with the continuum dispersion relation, and higher-order (N3LO) contributions are included. We stress that for center-of-mass momenta below 100 MeV, the physics of the two-nucleon system is independent of the lattice spacing.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 5 of Urbanicity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, and behavioral and emotional problems in children: a path analysis
Creators: name: B. Evans
name: J. Ende
name: K. Greaves-Lord
name: A. Huizink
name: R. Beijers
name: C. Weerth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Descriptive statistics of the raw cortisol values for the JOiN and BIBO samples.
Generating families and augmentations for Legendrian surfaces
Creators: name: Rutherford, Dan
name: Sullivan, Michael G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D42

description: We study augmentations of a Legendrian surface $L$ in the $1$-jet space, $J^1M$, of a surface $M$. We introduce two types of algebraic/combinatorial structures related to the front projection of $L$ that we call chain homotopy diagrams (CHDs) and Morse complex $2$-families (MC2Fs), and show that the existence of either a $ρ$-graded CHD or MC2F is equivalent to the existence of a $ρ$-graded augmentation of the Legendrian contact homology DGA to $\mathbb{Z}/2$. A CHD is an assignment of chain complexes, chain maps, and homotopy operators to the $0$-, $1$-, and $2$-cells of a compatible polygonal decomposition of the base projection of $L$ with restrictions arising from the front projection of $L$. An MC2F consists of a collection of formal handleslide sets and chain complexes, subject to axioms based on the behavior of Morse complexes in $2$-parameter families. We prove that if a Legendrian surface has a tame at infinity generating family, then it has a $0$-graded MC2F and hence a $0$-graded augmentation. In addition, continuation maps and a monodromy representation of $π_1(M)$ are associated to augmentations, and then used to provide more refined obstructions to the existence of generating families that (i) are linear at infinity or (ii) have trival bundle domain. We apply our methods in several examples.
Determination of S-factors with the LIT method
Creators: name: Leidemann, Winfried
name: Deflorian, Sergio
name: Efros, Victor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise determination of astrophysical S-factors is essential for a detailed understanding of the nucleosynthesis in its various facets. It is discussed how the Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method can be applied for such a determination. The astrophysical S-factor for the proton-deuteron radiative capture is considered as test case. The importance of a specific many-body basis used for the LIT equation solution is pointed out. The excellent results of the test are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, conference EFB23
Barriers of Insulin Initiation among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar.
Creators: name: Khan, Wen Fang
name: Lau, Li Rui
name: Noh, Nur Hasanah Muhamad
name: Er, Pei San
name: Seah, Cai Qi
name: Wee, Chai Ling
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Barriers
Insulin
Initiation
Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Diabetes Mellitus
Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah
Muar

description: Background Long-term advantages and safety profile of insulin are well documented. However, initiation of insulin therapy is often delayed among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This study aim to identify the barriers of insulin initiation and psychological insulin resistance (PIR) factors. Methods A total of 56 patients with T2DM follow-up at Medical Outpatient Clinic, Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah (HPSF) were involved in this study. Demographic data of the subjects were collected and validated Barriers to Insulin Treatment (BIT) questionnaires were given for participants. The data was analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results Overall, none of the demographic characteristics resulted in high PIR (mean BIT ≥78). Higher mean BIT scores were observed in groups of age 51-65 (68.87, 95% CI 61.11-76.63), males (64.63, 95% CI 56.65-72.61), <5 years T2DM (68.47, 95% CI 58.22-78.72), completed tertiary or above level of education (75.00, 95% CI 54.17- 84.97), and were receiving ≥3 OHAs (74.00, 95% CI 78.56-94.78). However, the comparison within each respective subgroup showed not significant difference. Subscale ‘Scale 5: Fear of hypoglycaemia.’ had the highest mean score per statement (6.04 ± 2.83) and was the only identified barrier with high PIR (average BIT ≥5.57). Conclusion None of the demographic characteristics resulted in high PIR and the differences within the subgroups were not significant. The main barrier of commencing insulin therapy identified in this study was fear of hypoglycaemia. A further and extensive study is needed to strengthen the evidence found in this study.
Comprehensive routing strategy on multilayer networks
Creators: name: Gao, Lei
name: Shu, Panpan
name: Tang, Ming
name: Wang, Wei
name: Gao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designing an efficient routing strategy is of great importance to alleviate traffic congestion in multilayer networks. In this work, we design an effective routing strategy for multilayer networks by comprehensively considering the roles of nodes' local structures in micro-level, as well as the macro-level differences in transmission speeds between different layers. Both numerical and analytical results indicate that our proposed routing strategy can reasonably redistribute the traffic load of the low speed layer to the high speed layer, and thus the traffic capacity of multilayer networks are significantly enhanced compared with the monolayer low speed networks. There is an optimal combination of macro- and micro-level control parameters at which can remarkably alleviate the congestion and thus maximize the traffic capacity for a given multilayer network. Moreover, we find that increasing the size and the average degree of the high speed layer can enhance the traffic capacity of multilayer networks more effectively. We finally verify that real-world network topology does not invalidate the results. The theoretical predictions agree well with the numerical simulations.
description: 9 pages, 7 gigures