cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modulated pair condensate of p-orbital ultracold fermions
Creators: name: Zhang, Zixu
name: Hung, Hsiang-Hsuan
name: Ho, Chiu Man
name: Zhao, Erhai
name: Liu, W. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an interesting of pairing occurs for spin-imbalanced Fermi gases under a specific experimental condition---the spin up and spin down Fermi levels lying within the $p_x$ and $s$ orbital bands of an optical lattice, respectively. The pairs condense at a finite momentum equal to the sum of the two Fermi momenta of spin up and spin down fermions and form a $p$-orbital pair condensate. This $2k_F$ momentum dependence has been seen before in the spin- and charge- density waves, but it differs from the usual $p$-wave superfluids such as $^3$He, where the orbital symmetry refers to the relative motion within each pair. Our conclusion is based on the density matrix renormalization group analysis for the one-dimensional (1D) system and mean-field theory for the quasi-1D system. The phase diagram of the quasi-1D system is calculated, showing that the $p$-orbital pair condensate occurs in a wide range of fillings. In the strongly attractive limit, the system realizes an unconventional BEC beyond Feynman's no-node theorem. The possible experimental signatures of this phase in molecule projection experiment are discussed.
description: final version, 6 pages, 5 figures
Magnetohydrodynamic with Adaptively Embedded Particle-in-Cell model: MHD-AEPIC
Creators: name: Shou, Yinsi
name: Tenishev, Valeriy
name: Chen, Yuxi
name: Toth, Gabor
name: Ganushkina, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space plasma simulations have seen an increase in the use of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) with embedded Particle-in-Cell (PIC) models. This combined MHD-EPIC algorithm simulates some regions of interest using the kinetic PIC method while employing the MHD description in the rest of the domain. The MHD models are highly efficient and their fluid descriptions are valid for most part of the computational domain, thus making large-scale global simulations feasible. However, in practical applications, the regions where the kinetic effects are critical can be changing, appearing, disappearing and moving in the computational domain. If a static PIC region is used, this requires a much larger PIC domain than actually needed, which can increase the computational cost dramatically. To address the problem, we have developed a new method that is able to dynamically change the region of the computational domain where a PIC model is applied. We have implemented this new MHD with Adaptively Embedded PIC (MHD-AEPIC) algorithm using the BATS-R-US Hall MHD and the Adaptive Mesh Particle Simulator (AMPS) as the semi-implicit PIC models. We describe the algorithm and present a test case of two merging flux ropes to demonstrate its accuracy. The implementation uses dynamic allocation/deallocation of memory and load balancing for efficient parallel execution. We evaluate the performance of MHD-AEPIC compared to MHD-EPIC and the scaling properties of the model to large number of computational cores.
Anisotropy of superconducting single crystal SmFeAsO_(0.8)F_(0.2) studied by torque magnetometry
Creators: name: Weyeneth, S.
name: Puzniak, R.
name: Mosele, U.
name: Zhigadlo, N. D.
name: Katrych, S.
name: Bukowski, Z.
name: Karpinski, J.
name: Kohout, S.
name: Roos, J.
name: Keller, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of the oxypnictide superconductor SmFeAsO_(0.8)F_(0.2) with T_c=45(1) K were investigated by torque magnetometry. The crystals of mass~0.1 mug were grown by a high-pressure cubic anvil technique. The use of a high-sensitive piezoresistive torque sensor made it possible to study the anisotropic magnetic properties of these tiny crystals. The anisotropy parameter was found to be field independent, but varies strongly with temperature ranging from 8 at T=T_c to 23 at T=0.4T_c. This unusual behavior signals unconventional superconductivity.
description: accepted for publication in J. Supercond. Nov. Magn
Compact Binaries in Star Clusters I - Black Hole Binaries Inside Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Downing, J. M. B.
name: Benacquista, M. J.
name: Giersz, M.
name: Spurzem, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the compact binary population in star clusters, focusing on binaries containing black holes, using a self-consistent Monte Carlo treatment of dynamics and full stellar evolution. We find that the black holes experience strong mass segregation and become centrally concentrated. In the core the black holes interact strongly with each other and black hole-black hole binaries are formed very efficiently. The strong interactions, however, also destroy or eject the black hole-black hole binaries. We find no black hole-black hole mergers within our simulations but produce many hard escapers that will merge in the galactic field within a Hubble time. We also find several highly eccentric black hole-black hole binaries that are potential LISA sources, suggesting that star clusters are interesting targets for space-based detectors. We conclude that star clusters must be taken into account when predicting compact binary population statistics.
description: 19 pages, 5 Tables, 12 Figures, updated in response to referee report, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Higher derivative corrections to R-charged AdS_5 black holes and field redefinitions
Creators: name: Liu, James T.
name: Szepietowski, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider four-derivative corrections to the bosonic sector of five-dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity. Since this theory includes the N=2 graviphoton, we consider both curvature and graviphoton field-strength terms that show up at the four-derivative level. We construct, to linear order, the higher-derivative corrections to the non-rotating R-charged AdS_5 black hole and demonstrate how this solution transforms under field redefinitions.
description: 20 pages, references added
Matter-wave cavity gravimeter
Creators: name: Impens, F.
name: Bouyer, P.
name: Bordé, Ch. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a gravimeter based on a matter-wave resonant cavity loaded with a Bose-Einstein condensate and closed with a sequence of periodic Raman pulses. The gravimeter sensitivity increases quickly with the number of cycles experienced by the condensate inside the cavity. The matter wave is refocused thanks to a spherical wave-front of the Raman pulses. This provides a transverse confinement of the condensate which is discussed in terms of a stability analysis. We develop the analogy of this device with a resonator in momentum space for matter waves.
description: 15 pages, 6 Figures. The expression for the atomic mirror focal length has been corrected. Other minor corrections and actualizations to the previously published version
Additional file 1 of Novel controlled and targeted releasing hydrogen sulfide system exerts combinational cerebral and myocardial protection after cardiac arrest
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaotian
name: Wang, Yiqing
name: Wen, Shuyan
name: Huang, Kai
name: Huang, Jiechun
name: Chu, Xianglin
name: Wang, Fangrui
name: Pang, Liewen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional information.
title: The Effects of Glutathione on Human Keratinocyte
Creators: name: Trivedi, Manisha N.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1991

description: Cultured human keratinocytes were grown in vitro to assess the effects of glutathione, a thiol, on human keratinocyte proliferation. Single keratinocytes were harvested from newborn (greater than 5 days old) foreskin and were grown in culture flasks such that experiments could be performed in approximately 2 to 3 weeks. In order to evaluate the effects of glutathione (GSH) on keratinocyte growth, experiments were performed to determine the growth curve, plating efficiency, and incorporation of radiolabelled thymidine. Growth studies, performed with different concentrations of glutathione, revealed that 0.065 μM was the most effective concentration when compared to control cell cultures, and that the population doubling time was decreased (15.9 hrs in the presence of GSH versus 20.6 hrs in its absence). Similarly, inclusion of GSH during cell plating and radiolabelled thymidine incorporation studies revealed a positive effect on plating efficiency ( 14 % in the presence of GSH versus 9% in its absence) and mitotic index (92% in the presence of GSH versus 84% in its absence) when compared to control nontreated cultures. The research described suggests that addition of glutathione to the culture medium may improve the production of cultured epithelium by reducing the maturation time required to produce tissues usable for the treatment of severe burns.
COVID-19 Bibliometrics 28th December 2020 – 3rd January 2021
Creators: name: Www.Covid19bibliometrics.Org
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Medicine and Health
Science and Engineering
Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy
novel Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
2019-nCoV

description: This is a compilation of COVID-19 research insights published from 28th December 2020 – 3rd January 2021 in these fields: Medicine and Health Science and Engineering Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy About www.covid19bibliometrics.org
 Introduction: The number of confirmed cases during the current Covid-19 pandemic is escalating exponentially. At the same time, the public are constantly being inundated with a formidable quantity of information, from innumerable sources, and containing both genuine as well as fake news. The Covid-19 “infodemic” is here. Health professionals including medical doctors and nurses are busy fighting the virus on the front line in our communities and hospitals and struggling to treat the ever-growing number of cases. Scientists and technicians at their bench-tops and computers in their research laboratories, are racing to find solutions, create new protective equipment, and ideally develop a vaccine. They all need accurate, timely and reliable information upon which they can make their decisions, find solutions, and help defeat this pandemic. This initiative aims to provide reliable and timely (initially at least twice a week) web updates on the relevant published literature. “Reliable” and “timely” means that it can be trusted and it is up to date; “relevant” and “published” means that it is focused on what health professionals and scientists need when facing both the pandemic and the infodemic, and it can be trusted as sound science. We plan to make the material succinct and accessible, and to provide key bibliometric indices such as source and citation.
 Objectives: 1. To update the global scientific community on current Covid-19 related published papers in an accessible, timely and trusted format
 2. To analyse the published papers for trends and to provide insights
 3. To identify gaps in research
 4. To promote international research collaboration with a view to overcoming Covid-19 and promoting recovery Methodology: Covid-19 related publications to be searched using the Scopus database using as a minimum the following keywords: 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19, novel Coronavirus. Papers then to be categorized according to topic, research fields, institutions, countries, etc. Abstracts and papers to be reviewed for findings, trends, key insights, etc. To read previous COVID-19 research insights, please go to:
 https://zenodo.org/communities/covid19bibliometrics/
description: More information, please go to https://www.covid19bibliometrics.org/
Additional file 1 of Computational design of highly stable and soluble alcohol dehydrogenase for NADPH regeneration
Creators: name: Xu, Jinling
name: Zhou, Haisheng
name: Yu, Haoran
name: Deng, Tong
name: Wang, Ziyuan
name: Zhang, Hongyu
name: Wu, Jianping
name: Yang, Lirong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Information of NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase. Table S2. Information of selected alcohol dehydrogenase. Table S3. The mutation sites of the PROSS mutants. Table S4. Thermal stability of the recombinant LkADH. Table S5. Activity half-life of the recombinant CbADH-6M. Figure S1. Multiple sequence alignment of alcohol dehydrogenases. Figure S2. SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein expression of the alcohol dehydrogenases. Figure S3. SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein expression at different inducing temperatures. Figure S4. SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein expression at different IPTG concentration. Figure S5. CbADH activity of molecular chaperones co-expression strains. Fig S6. SDS-PAGE analysis of protein expression of molecular chaperones co-expression strains. Fig S7. Multiple sequence alignment of CbADH mutant. Fig S8. SDS-PAGE analysis of protein expression of PROSS mutants. Fig S9. Protein purification of PROSS mutants. Fig S10 HPLC spectrum of (S)-1-phenylethanol. Fig S11. HPLC spectrum of (S)-1-(4-methylphenyl)ethanol. Fig S12. HPLC spectrum of (S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanol. Fig S13. HPLC spectrum of (S)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol. Fig S14. HPLC spectrum of (S)-1-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)ethanol.
Recovering low-rank matrices from few coefficients in any basis
Creators: name: Gross, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel techniques for analyzing the problem of low-rank matrix recovery. The methods are both considerably simpler and more general than previous approaches. It is shown that an unknown (n x n) matrix of rank r can be efficiently reconstructed from only O(n r nu log^2 n) randomly sampled expansion coefficients with respect to any given matrix basis. The number nu quantifies the "degree of incoherence" between the unknown matrix and the basis. Existing work concentrated mostly on the problem of "matrix completion" where one aims to recover a low-rank matrix from randomly selected matrix elements. Our result covers this situation as a special case. The proof consists of a series of relatively elementary steps, which stands in contrast to the highly involved methods previously employed to obtain comparable results. In cases where bounds had been known before, our estimates are slightly tighter. We discuss operator bases which are incoherent to all low-rank matrices simultaneously. For these bases, we show that O(n r nu log n) randomly sampled expansion coefficients suffice to recover any low-rank matrix with high probability. The latter bound is tight up to multiplicative constants.
description: See also arxiv:0909.3304. v1=v2. v3: Some bounds substantially improved. v4, v5: presentation improved. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
On the Initial-Value Problem to the Quantum Dual BBGKY Hierarchy
Creators: name: Borgioli, G.
name: Gerasimenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40, 47D06

description: We develop a rigorous formalism for the description of the evolution of observables in quantum systems of particles. We construct a solution of the initial-value problem to the quantum dual BBGKY hierarchy of equations as an expansion over particle clusters whose evolution are governed by the corresponding-order dual cumulant (dual semi-invariant) of the evolution operators of finitely many particles. For initial data from the space of sequences of bounded operators the existence and uniqueness theorem is proved.
description: 22 pages
Thermal Perturbations from Cosmological Constant Relaxation
Creators: name: Ji, Lingyuan
name: Kaplan, David E.
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Tanin, Erwin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the cosmological consequences of a recently proposed class of solutions to the cosmological constant problem. In these models, the universe undergoes a long period of inflation followed by a contraction and a bounce that sets the stage for the hot big bang era. A requirement of any successful early universe model is that it must reproduce the observed scale-invariant density perturbations at CMB scales. While these class of models involve a long period of inflation, the inflationary Hubble scale during their observationally relevant stages is at or below the current Hubble scale, rendering the de Sitter fluctuations too weak to seed the CMB anisotropies. We show that sufficiently strong perturbations can still be sourced thermally if the relaxion field serving as the inflaton interacts with a thermal bath, which can be generated and maintained by the same interaction. We present a simple model where the relaxion field is derivatively (i.e. technically naturally) coupled to a non-abelian gauge sector, which gets excited tachyonically and subsequently thermalizes due to its nonlinear self-interactions. This model explains both the smallness of the cosmological constant and the amplitude of CMB anisotropies.
title: Southeast Asian Archaeological Site Reports: The Pulau Saigon Site Report
Creators: name: Goh, Geok Yian
name: Miksic, John
Publisher: name: NUS Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: archaeology
historical archaeology
history
Singapore

description: Archaeological report of an salvage expedition and collection of artefacts from Pulau Saigon, Singapore, in 1989.
Statistical anisotropy of the curvature perturbation from vector field perturbations
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Karciauskas, Mindaugas
name: Lyth, David H.
name: Rodriguez, Yeinzon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The δN formula for the primordial curvature perturbation ζis extended to include vector as well as scalar fields. Formulas for the tree-level contributions to the spectrum and bispectrum of ζare given, exhibiting statistical anisotropy. The one-loop contribution to the spectrum of ζis also worked out. We then consider the generation of vector field perturbations from the vacuum, including the longitudinal component that will be present if there is no gauge invariance. Finally, the δN formula is applied to the vector curvaton and vector inflation models with the tensor perturbation also evaluated in the latter case.
description: LaTeX File, 26 pages, no figures. v2: Minor mistakes corrected especially in Eq. 38. v3: This version has a lot of additional material, with a more correct treatment of the longitudinal perturbation. v4: More on the longitudinal perturbation. One author added. v5: Accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Non-supersymmetric infrared perturbations to the warped deformed conifold
Creators: name: McGuirk, Paul
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Sumitomo, Yoske
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze properties of non-supersymmetric isometry-preserving perturbations to the infrared region of the warped deformed conifold, i.e. the Klebanov Strassler solution. We discuss both perturbations that "squash" the geometry, so that the internal space is no longer conformally Calabi-Yau, and perturbations that do not squash the geometry. Among the perturbations that we discuss is the solution that describes the linearized near-tip backreaction of a smeared collection of anti-D3-branes positioned in the deep infrared. Such a configuration is a candidate gravity dual of a non-supersymmetric state in a large-rank cascading gauge theory. Although anti-D3-branes do not directly couple to the 3-form flux, we argue that, due to the presence of the background imaginary self-dual flux, anti-D3-branes in the Klebanov-Strassler geometry necessarily produce singular non-imaginary self-dual flux. Moreover, since conformally Calabi-Yau geometries cannot be supported by non-imaginary self-dual flux, the anti-D3-branes squash the geometry as our explicit solution shows. We also briefly discuss supersymmetry-breaking perturbations at large radii and the effect of the non-supersymmetric perturbations on the gravitino mass.
description: 42 pages, references added, typos and minor errors corrected, discussion of boundary conditions extended. Version to appear in NPB
Intrinsic and extrinsic corrugation of monolayer graphene deposited on SiO2
Creators: name: Geringer, V.
name: Liebmann, M.
name: Echtermeyer, T.
name: Runte, S.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Rückamp, R.
name: Lemme, M.
name: Morgenstern, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in ultra high vacuum and atomic force microscopy, we investigate the corrugation of graphene flakes deposited by exfoliation on a Si/SiO2 (300 nm) surface. While the corrugation on SiO2 is long-range with a correlation length of about 25 nm, some of the graphene monolayers exhibit an additional corrugation with a preferential wave length of about 15 nm. A detailed analysis shows that the long range corrugation of the substrate is also visible on graphene, but with a reduced amplitude, leading to the conclusion that the graphene is partly freely suspended between hills of the substrate. Thus, the intrinsic rippling observed previously on artificially suspended graphene can exist as well, if graphene is deposited on SiO2.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, including supplementary material
The Wide-Field X and Gamma-Ray Telescope ECLAIRs aboard the Gamma-Ray Burst Multi-Wavelength Space Mission SVOM
Creators: name: Mandrou, P.
name: Schanne, S.
name: Cordier, B.
name: Pons, R.
name: Barret, D.
name: Amoros, C.
name: Lacombe, K.
name: Fesquet, M.
name: Limousin, O.
name: Sizun, P.
name: Lebrun, F.
name: Gonzalez, F.
name: Jouret, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X and Gamma-ray telescope ECLAIRs is foreseen to be launched on a low Earth orbit (h=630 km, i=30 degrees) aboard the SVOM satellite (Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor), a French-Chinese mission with Italian contribution. Observations are expected to start in 2013. It has been designed to detect and localize Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) or persistent sources of the sky, thanks to its wide field of view (about 2 sr) and its remarkable sensitivity in the 4-250 keV energy range, with enhanced imaging sensitivity in the 4-70 keV energy band. These characteristics are well suited to detect highly redshifted GRBs, and consequently to provide fast and accurate triggers to other onboard or ground-based instruments able to follow-up the detected events in a very short time from the optical wavelength bands up to the few MeV Gamma-Ray domain.
description: Proccedings of the "2008 Nanjing GRB Conference", June 23-27 2008, Nanjing, China
Lithological Tomography with the Correlated Pseudo-Marginal Method
Creators: name: Friedli, Lea
name: Linde, Niklas
name: Ginsbourger, David
name: Doucet, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider lithological tomography in which the posterior distribution of (hydro)geological parameters of interest is inferred from geophysical data by treating the intermediate geophysical properties as latent variables. In such a latent variable model, one needs to estimate the intractable likelihood of the (hydro)geological parameters given the geophysical data. The pseudo-marginal method is an adaptation of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm in which an unbiased approximation of this likelihood is obtained by Monte Carlo averaging over samples from, in this setting, the noisy petrophysical relationship linking (hydro)geological and geophysical properties. To make the method practical in data-rich geophysical settings with low noise levels, we demonstrate that the Monte Carlo sampling must rely on importance sampling distributions that well approximate the posterior distribution of petrophysical scatter around the sampled (hydro)geological parameter field. To achieve a suitable acceptance rate, we rely both on (1) the correlated pseudo-marginal method, which correlates the samples used in the proposed and current states of the Markov chain, and (2) a model proposal scheme that preserves the prior distribution. As a synthetic test example, we infer porosity fields using crosshole ground-penetrating radar (GPR) first-arrival travel times. We use a (50x50)-dimensional pixel-based parameterization of the multi-Gaussian porosity field with known statistical parameters, resulting in a parameter space of high dimension. We demonstrate that the correlated pseudo-marginal method with our proposed importance sampling and prior-preserving proposal scheme outperforms current state-of-the-art methods in both linear and non-linear settings by greatly enhancing the posterior exploration.
Group theory of icosahedral virus capsids: a dynamical top-down approach
Creators: name: Peeters, Kasper
name: Taormina, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We explore the use of a top-down approach to analyse the dynamics of icosahedral virus capsids and complement the information obtained from bottom-up studies of viral vibrations available in the literature. A normal mode analysis based on protein association energies is used to study the frequency spectrum, in which we reveal a universal plateau of low-frequency modes shared by a large class of Caspar-Klug capsids. These modes break icosahedral symmetry and are potentially relevant to the genome release mechanism. We comment on the role of viral tiling theory in such dynamical considerations.
description: 35 pages, many figures, animations available at http://biomaths.org
Technische Dokumentation zum Modell ReWaLe (Regionalisierung des ökonomischen Wertes von Waldleistungen)
Creators: name: Altenbrunn, Kerstin
name: Elsasser, Peter
name: Altenbrunn, Kerstin
name: Elsasser, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Wald-Ökosystemleistungen
subject: ökonomische Bewertung
subject: Nutzentransfer
subject: Simulationsmodell,
subject: GIS
subject: forest ecosystem services
subject: economic valuation
subject: benefit function transfer
subject: simulation model

description: In the project "Quantification and regionalisation of the value of forest ecosystem services in Germany (ReWaLe)", the economic benefits of forest ecosystem services are analysed. In particular, the forest ecosystem services of raw wood production, climate protection, recreational services and various services for nature protection and landscape preservation are considered. The model developed within this framework combines valuation data with regional statistical information applying valuation functions implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) and visualises the results. The regional data are managed with the help of geodatabases and can thus be applied to the model calculation. The ReWaLe model consists of a toolbox in which the various valuation functions are implemented. The application is possible via input masks as well as scripts. Simulations of how changes in forest management affect economic forest values can be done by varying the input data into the model. This technical documentation for the ReWaLe model (regionalisation of the economic value of forest services) includes a brief introduction, information on the data basis used and available in the project, the data preparation and processing relevant for the model, and a description of the implementation of the valuation functions in the geographic information system. In addition, information on licensing rights, the coordinate system used and the definition of forest in the project are explained.
description: DOI:10.3220/WP1627892080000
Business, enterprise, and the national policy : the role of T. C. Power & Brother and I. G. Baker & Company in the political and economic development of the southwestern Canadian prairies and northern Montana, 1870-1893
Creators: name: Francis, James M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two Montana companies T. C. Power & Brother and I. G. Baker & Company played a significant role in the economic development of both northern Montana and southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, between 1870 and 1893- These companies encouraged the Canadian government to assert its authority in the region. They also helped to lay the groundwork, for an east-west Canadian retail trade before the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway. This investigation of their activities provides a context for a discussion of the impact of the Conservative government's National Policy on the Canadian North-West.
A Full Year's Chandra Exposure on SDSS Quasars from the Chandra Multiwavelength Project
Creators: name: Green, Paul J.
name: Aldcroft, T. L.
name: Richards, G. T.
name: Barkhouse, W. A.
name: Constantin, A.
name: Haggard, D.
name: Karovska, M.
name: Kim, D. -W.
name: Kim, M.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Mossman, A.
name: Silverman, J. D.
name: Anderson, S. F.
name: Kashyap, V.
name: Wilkes, B. J.
name: Tananbaum, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral energy distributions and evolution of a large sample of optically selected quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) that were observed in 323 Chandra images analyzed by the Chandra Multiwavelength Project (ChaMP). Our highest-confidence matched sample includes 1135 X-ray detected quasars in the redshift range 0.23 QSOs detected, we find no evidence for evolution out to z~5 for either the X-ray photon index Gamma or for the ratio of optical/UV to X-ray flux alpha_ox. About 10% of detected QSOs are obscured (Nh>1E22), but the fraction might reach ~1/3 if most non-detections are absorbed. We confirm a significant correlation between alpha_ox and optical luminosity, but it flattens or disappears for fainter AGN alone. Gamma hardens significantly both towards higher X-ray luminosity, and for relatively X-ray loud quasars. These trends may represent a relative increase in non-thermal X-ray emission, and our findings thereby strengthen analogies between Galactic black hole binaries and AGN.
description: 28 pages, 21 figures. Accepted (26 Aug 2008) for publication in ApJS. Electronic datafiles (for tables 2 and 3) and high resolution figures available at http://hea-www.harvard.edu/CHAMP/
Survival time of random walk in random environment among soft obstacles
Creators: name: Gantert, Nina
name: Popov, Serguei
name: Vachkovskaia, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K37

description: We consider a Random Walk in Random Environment (RWRE) moving in an i.i.d.\ random field of obstacles. When the particle hits an obstacle, it disappears with a positive probability. We obtain quenched and annealed bounds on the tails of the survival time in the general $d$-dimensional case. We then consider a simplified one-dimensional model (where transition probabilities and obstacles are independent and the RWRE only moves to neighbour sites), and obtain finer results for the tail of the survival time. In addition, we study also the "mixed" probability measures (quenched with respect to the obstacles and annealed with respect to the transition probabilities and vice-versa) and give results for tails of the survival time with respect to these probability measures. Further, we apply the same methods to obtain bounds for the tails of hitting times of Branching Random Walks in Random Environment (BRWRE).
description: 33 pages, 1 picture; to appear in Electronic Journal of Probability
Additional file 1 of Genomics Analyses Reveal Unique Classification, Population Structure and Novel Allele of Neo-Tetraploid Rice
Creators: name: Yu, Hang
name: Li, Qihang
name: Li, Yudi
name: Yang, Huijing
name: Lu, Zijun
name: Wu, Jinwen
name: Zhang, Zemin
name: Shahid, Muhammad Qasim
name: Liu, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Circos plot illustrating the variation (including SNPs and InDels) density of different types of tetraploid rice against MSU7 reference genome. Figure S2. Circos plot illustrating the variation (including SNPs and InDels) density of different types of tetraploid rice against R498 reference genome. Figure S3. Difference of 5-fold mapping coverage ratio between japonica reference genome MSU7 and indica reference genome R498. Figure S4. Comparison of genomic variation counts that generated based on japonica reference genome MSU7 and indica reference genome R498. Figure S5. Phenol reaction of neo-tetraploid rice lines. Figure S6. Sequencing coverage of wide compatibility gene S5 (LOC_Os06g11010) in autotetraploid rice lines and neo-tetraploid rice lines. Figure S7. Distribution of haplotypes per gene of the 55,801 annotated genes in tetraploid rice. Figure S8. Distribution of haplotypes per gene in the 717 agronomically important genes in tetraploid rice. Figure S9. The phylogenetic tree of LOC_Os04g09310 (a), LOC_Os05g02840 (b), LOC_Os05g43000 (c) and LOC_Os10g25730 (d) in autotetraploid rice and neo-tetraploid rice lines. Figure S10. The expression pattern analysis of HSP101 and the impact of different temperatures during flowering to the seed setting in tetraploid rice lines. Figure S11. The expression pattern analysis of HSP101 in diploid rice Nipponbare using the RiceXPro database. Figure S12. Sanger sequencing chromatogram of hsp101–1 mutants. Figure S13. Cytological observation of pollen development of hsp101–1 and wild type Huaduo 1.
A pQCD-based description of heavy and light flavor jet quenching
Creators: name: Qin, Guang-You
name: Majumder, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a successful description of the medium modification of light and heavy flavor jets within a perturbative QCD (pQCD) based approach. Only the couplings involving hard partons are assumed to be weak. The effect of the medium on a hard parton, per unit time, is encoded in terms of three non-perturbative, related transport coefficients which describe the transverse momentum squared gained, the elastic energy loss and diffusion in elastic energy transfer. A fit of the centrality dependence of the suppression and the azimuthal anisotropy of leading hadrons tends to favor somewhat larger transport coefficients for heavy quarks. Imposing additional constraints based on leading order (LO) Hard Thermal Loop (HTL) effective theory, leads to a worsening of the fit.
description: v2, 4 pages, 3 figures
Real-time evolution of static electron-phonon models in time-dependent electric fields
Creators: name: Weber, Manuel
name: Freericks, James K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact Monte Carlo method to simulate the nonequilibrium dynamics of electron-phonon models in the adiabatic limit of zero phonon frequency. The classical nature of the phonons allows us to sample the equilibrium phonon distribution and efficiently evolve the electronic subsystem in a time-dependent electromagnetic field for each phonon configuration. We demonstrate that our approach is particularly useful for charge-density-wave systems experiencing pulsed electric fields, as they appear in pump-probe experiments. For the half-filled Holstein model in one and two dimensions, we calculate the out-of-equilibrium response of the current and the energy after a pulse is applied as well as the photoemission spectrum before and after the pump. Finite-size effects are under control for chains of $162$ sites (in one dimension) or $16\times 16$ square lattices (in two dimensions).
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Reducing Gun Violence Among Youth in California
Creators: name: Hernandez, Antonio
name: Torres Ceja, Adriana
name: Zdanowski, Caroline
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Gun violence prevention
subject: Youth and violence
subject: Community Violence Intervention (CVI)
subject: Firearms ownership--Government policy
subject: CalVIP
subject: Systemic inequality
subject: Stanford University
subject: Humanities and Sciences.
subject: Public Policy Program

description: This policy memo analyzes youth gun violence in California, identifying key demographic trends, systemic causes, and the efficacy of current policy interventions. While California boasts some of the strongest gun laws in the country, firearm violence remains a leading cause of death for young people—particularly impacting Black and Hispanic male youth. Drawing on state health and justice data from 2018–2022, interviews with experts, and existing literature, we highlight that most firearm deaths among youth result from homicides, and most nonfatal injuries result from assaults or accidents. Our memo emphasizes the systemic drivers of gun violence, including poverty, community disinvestment, and lack of opportunity, and it outlines both immediate and long-term policy recommendations. These include refining the CalVIP grant program to better serve individuals at highest risk, increasing support for violence prevention organizations, targeting school-based interventions in high-violence areas, and leveraging multi-state coalitions to reduce interstate gun trafficking. Our memo concludes by advocating for both evidence-based interventions and systemic reforms—to address the root causes of violence and protect California’s youth.
Proton lifetime bounds from chirally symmetric lattice QCD
Creators: name: Aoki, Y.
name: Boyle, P.
name: Cooney, P.
name: Del Debbio, L.
name: Kenway, R.
name: Maynard, C. M.
name: Soni, A.
name: Tweedie, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the matrix elements relevant for proton decay in Grand Unified Theories (GUTs). The calculation is performed at a fixed lattice spacing a^{-1}=1.73(3) GeV using 2+1 flavors of domain wall fermions on lattices of size 16^3\times32 and 24^3\times64 with a fifth dimension of length 16. We use the indirect method which relies on an effective field theory description of proton decay, where we need to estimate the low energy constants, α= -0.0112(25) GeV^3 and β= 0.0120(26) GeV^3. We relate these low energy constants to the proton decay matrix elements using leading order chiral perturbation theory. These can then be combined with experimental bounds on the proton lifetime to bound parameters of individual GUTs.
description: 17 pages, 9 Figures
On the reversibility and the closed image property of linear cellular automata
Creators: name: Ceccherini-Silberstein, Tullio
name: Coornaert, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B15, 68Q80

description: When $G$ is an arbitrary group and $V$ is a finite-dimensional vector space, it is known that every bijective linear cellular automaton $τ\colon V^G \to V^G$ is reversible and that the image of every linear cellular automaton $τ\colon V^G \to V^G$ is closed in $V^G$ for the prodiscrete topology. In this paper, we present a new proof of these two results which is based on the Mittag-Leffler lemma for projective sequences of sets. We also show that if $G$ is a non-periodic group and $V$ is an infinite-dimensional vector space, then there exist a linear cellular automaton $τ_1 \colon V^G \to V^G$ which is bijective but not reversible and a linear cellular automaton $τ_2 \colon V^G \to V^G$ whose image is not closed in $V^G$ for the prodiscrete topology.
Toxic heavy metal concentrations in multiple sclerosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sarihi, Sorour
name: Niknam, Maryam
name: Mahjour, Sanaz
name: Hosseini-Bensenjan, Mahnaz
name: Moazzen, Fatemeh
name: Soltanabadi, Sahar
name: Akbari, Hamed
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: heavy metal
multiple sclerosis
meta-analysis
arsenic
cadmium

description: The present meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between MS patients and control subjects in terms of their circulating levels of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd). We searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up until June 2020 to identify all studies that examined the concentrations of heavy metals in MS patients. Statistical tests used to assess inter-study heterogeneity were Cochrane’s Q test and the I2 statistic. Given the observed significant heterogeneity, the random-effects model was employed to pool the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Out of a total of 1181 articles, 16 studies with 1650 participants (772 patients with MS and 878 controls) were included in this review meta-analysis. Pooled results using random-effects model showed that the levels of Pb (WMD= 0.73 µg/L, 95 % CI= 0.33 to 1.12, P< 0.001), As (WMD= 2.48 μg/L, 95 % CI= 1.44 to 3.53, P <0.001; I2= 98.9 %, P <0.001), and Cd (WMD= 0.17 μg/L, 95 % CI= 0.09 to 0.26, P <0.001) were significantly higher in MS patients than those of the controls. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of Hg (WMD= -0.14 µg/L, 95 % CI= -0.77 to 0.49, P= 0.658) among both groups. Sensitivity analysis indicated that after excluding one-by-one study, the overall pooled WMD of Pb was changed. This meta-analysis showed that patients with MS had significantly higher levels of circulatory As and Cd compared to the controls. Yet, there was no statistically significant difference between circulating levels of Hg and Pb among MS patients and controls.
description: EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1571; ISSN 1611-2156
State Tomography of a Chain of Qubits Embedded in a Spin Field-Effect Transistor via Repeated Spin-Blockade Measurements on the Edge Qubit
Creators: name: Yuasa, Kazuya
name: Okano, Kosuke
name: Nakazato, Hiromichi
name: Kashiwada, Saori
name: Yoh, Kanji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a possible physical realization of a quantum information processor, a system with stacked self-assembled InAs quantum dots buried in GaAs in adjacent to the channel of a spin field-effect transistor has been proposed. In this system, only one of the stacked qubits, i.e. the edge qubit (the qubit closest to the channel), is measurable via "spin-blockade measurement." It is shown that the state tomography of the whole chain of the qubits is still possible even under such a restricted accessibility. The idea is to make use of the entangling dynamics of the qubits. A recipe for the two-qubit system is explicitly constructed and the effect of an imperfect fidelity of the measurement is clarified. A general scheme for multiple qubits based on repeated measurements is also presented.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Time complexity and gate complexity
Creators: name: Koike, Tatsuhiko
name: Okudaira, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate and investigate the simplest version of time-optimal quantum computation theory (t-QCT), where the computation time is defined by the physical one and the Hamiltonian contains only one- and two-qubit interactions. This version of t-QCT is also considered as optimality by sub-Riemannian geodesic length. The work has two aims: one is to develop a t-QCT itself based on physically natural concept of time, and the other is to pursue the possibility of using t-QCT as a tool to estimate the complexity in conventional gate-optimal quantum computation theory (g-QCT). In particular, we investigate to what extent is true the statement: time complexity is polynomial in the number of qubits if and only if so is gate complexity. In the analysis, we relate t-QCT and optimal control theory (OCT) through fidelity-optimal computation theory (f-QCT); f-QCT is equivalent to t-QCT in the limit of unit optimal fidelity, while it is formally similar to OCT. We then develop an efficient numerical scheme for f-QCT by modifying Krotov's method in OCT, which has monotonic convergence property. We implemented the scheme and obtained solutions of f-QCT and of t-QCT for the quantum Fourier transform and a unitary operator that does not have an apparent symmetry. The former has a polynomial gate complexity and the latter is expected to have exponential one because a series of generic unitary operators has a exponential gate complexity. The time complexity for the former is found to be linear in the number of qubits, which is understood naturally by the existence of an upper bound. The time complexity for the latter is exponential. Thus the both targets are examples satisfyng the statement above. The typical characteristics of the optimal Hamiltonians are symmetry under time-reversal and constancy of one-qubit operation, which are mathematically shown to hold in fairly general situations.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures