cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling effects on microstructure and resistivity for Cu and Co nano-interconnects
Creators: name: Hu, Szu-Tung
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Co interconnect
Microstructure scaling

description: The continued scaling of Cu low k technology is facing serious challenges imposed by basic limits from materials, processing and reliability. This has generated great interests recently to further develop Cu nanointerconnects and alternatives, particularly Co and Ru nanointerconnects beyond the 10nm node. In this paper, we investigate the microstructure evolution in Cu and Co nanointerconnects and the effects on resistivity, a key factor contributing to the RC delay and reliability of the nanointerconnects. The scaling effect on microstructure of Cu and Co interconnects was analyzed using a TEM-based high-resolution precession electron diffraction (PED) technique with capabilities to map in detail the orientation and size distribution of individual grains. The results of this study revealed a consistent picture of microstructure evolution with scaling in Cu nano-interconnects. As the (111) texture had been observed to switch from trench bottom to trench width to trench length, a trend which continued to the 22 nm linewidth with the appearance of more small grain aggregates, indicating further dominance of the interface energy in comparison to the strain energy with increasing surface to volume ratios. The amount of twin boundaries continued to decrease with scaling line width as well. The microstructure evolution studies were carried out for Co interconnect using the TEM based high-resolution PED technique with line width of 220nm and 26nm. In contrast to Cu interconnect at line width of 26nm, the Co interconnect did not switch from the trench width direction to the trench length direction. This is an indication that the interfacial energy is not the only controlling factor, whereas the strain energy also plays an important role in texture evolution in Co interconnects, a conclusion supported by the large abnormal grains observed in narrow Co lines. The TEM study was supplemented by Monte Carlo simulation to project the grain growth for future technology nodes based on local energy minimization. In the simulation, the orientation-dependent grain boundary, strain, and interface energies were taken into account in order to examine the effect of scaling and material properties on grain growth for future technology nodes. Finally, the results of the microstructure study by TEM and simulation were used to analyze the scaling effect on the resistivity of Cu and Co nanointerconnects. We are able to account for the scaling effect on resistivity from the contributions of surface and grain boundary scatterings as reported in a recent study
Towards a Supply-Chain Instrument to Monitor an Information Technology Implementation
Creators: name: Denolf, Janne.M.
name: Wognum, Nel P.M.
name: Trienekens, Jacques H.
name: Van Der Vorst, Jack G.A.J.
name: Omta, S.W.F. (Onno)
name: Denolf, Janne.M.
name: Wognum, Nel P.M.
name: Trienekens, Jacques H.
name: Van Der Vorst, Jack G.A.J.
name: Omta, S.W.F. (Onno)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: information-technology implementation
subject: supply-chain information exchange
subject: monitoring instrument

description: Based on improved information performance, agro-food companies and supply chains want to enhance their production processes. It creates the necessity to implement additional information technologies. The implementation of information technologies is, however, a complex task because of the interaction between technology, organization, and processes. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present the development of a prototype of an “Implementation-monitoring Instrument” for project managers to help monitoring and managing an information-technology implementation towards required information performance. A design approach has been used to build the Instrument. The Instrument development is based on a literature review of a variety of theories explaining the mutual interaction between organization and technology. Keeping in mind the goal of the Instrument, the “information-quality literature” and “cost-benefit literature” is consulted as well. We aim to deliver a useful management Instrument, which is a step plan that helps chain actors to find the bottleneck of an information-performance failure. The Instrument allows for in-depth analysis of organizational and technical elements within processes that could be responsible for the information-performance failure. It is expected, in first instance, to be useful for the Dutch organic pork supply chain and other meat supply chains implementing new information technologies. In the future, the usage of this instrument will be prospectively tested and evaluated in a Dutch organic pork meat supply chain and retrospectively in two other agro-food supply chains
Additional file 1 of The tumour microenvironment of pilocytic astrocytoma evolves over time via enrichment for microglia
Creators: name: Stone, Thomas J.
name: Pickles, Jessica C.
name: Ogunbiyi, Olumide
name: Yasin, Shireena A.
name: Taylor, Catherine A.
name: Ahmed, Saira W.
name: Chalker, Jane
name: Dryden, Carryl
name: Slodkowska, Iwona
name: Pang, Emily
name: Kristiansen, Mark
name: Williams, Rachel
name: Tutill, Helena
name: Williams, Charlotte A.
name: Madhan, Gaganjit K.
name: Forrest, Leysa
name: Brooks, Tony
name: Hubank, Mike
name: Hughes, Debbie
name: Proszek, Paula
name: Pietka, Grzegorz
name: Peat, Erin
name: Hargrave, Darren
name: Jacques, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 1
Initial predictors of skin thickness progression in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: Results from a multicentre prospective cohort in Japan
Creators: name: Kuwana, Masataka
name: Hasegawa, Minoru
name: Fukue, Ryosuke
name: Shirai, Yuichiro
name: Ishikawa, Osamu
name: Hirahito Endo
name: Fumihide Ogawa
name: Goto, Daisuke
name: Kawaguchi, Yasushi
name: Sato, Shinichi
name: Ihn, Hironobu
name: Takehara, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: To identify initial parameters that predict worsening of skin thickening in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) using a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort in Japan. A total of 171 patients with dcSSc were selected from a prospective cohort database based on the following criteria: dcSSc, modified Rodnan total skin thickness score (mRSS) ≥7, disease duration <60 months, and valid mRSS data at one year. Worsening of skin thickness was defined as an increase in mRSS ≥3 points and an increase ≥25% from baseline to one year. Initial demographic and clinical parameters useful for predicting the progression of skin thickness were identified using univariate and multivariable analysis, and prediction models of skin thickening progression were built based on combinations of independent predictive parameters. Only 23 patients (13.5%) experienced worsening mRSSs at one year. Short disease duration, low mRSS, absence of nailfold bleeding, arthritis, and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate at diagnosis were identified as predictors of subsequent worsening of the mRSS even after adjusting for the treatment. Assessment of the best predictive model revealed that patients with a disease duration ≤12 months and mRSS ≤19 had a risk of mRSS worsening within one year, with a sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 81.1%. Identification of predictors of subsequent worsening of skin thickness in dcSSc patients is useful for identifying patients who require intensive treatment with potential disease-modifying agents and for improving clinical trial design by characterizing eligible progressors in the Japanese population.
title: Feedforward Tracking Control of Flat Recurrent Fuzzy Systems
Creators: name: Gering, Stefan
name: Adamy, Jürgen
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022

description: Flatness based feedforward control has proven to be a feasible solution for the problem of tracking control, which may be applied to a broad class of nonlinear systems. If a flat output of the system is known, the control is often based on a feedforward controller generating a nominal input in combination with a linear controller stabilizing the linearized error dynamics around the trajectory. We show in this paper that the very same idea may be incorporated for tracking control of MIMO recurrent fuzzy systems. Their dynamics is given by means of linguistic differential equations but may be converted into a hybrid system representation, which then serves as the basis for controller synthesis.
Perceived Technological Regimes: An Empirical Analysis of the Apulian Wine Industry
Creators: name: Muscio, Alessandro
name: Nardone, Gianluca
name: Stasi, Antonio
name: Muscio, Alessandro
name: Nardone, Gianluca
name: Stasi, Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Technological regime
subject: SMEs
subject: Wine industry

description: Technological regimes define the technological environment in which innovative and learning activities take place within each sector of the economy. However, in our view technological regimes must be interpreted and elaborated by each organisation operating in a specific sector in order to be rationally implemented, thus turning into perceived technological regimes. We test this argument on a sample of wine companies in the Apulia region (Italy). We find empirical evidence that the perceived technological regimes exist and that firms’ perceptions tend to vary uniformly across different wine technologies. In addition, we find evidence that different firms’ characteristics have a strong impact on firms’ perceptions both at the aggregate level and when distinct perception groups are identified.
L' and M' Photometry of Ultracool Dwarfs
Creators: name: Golimowski, D. A.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Fan, X.
name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Knapp, G. R.
name: Vrba, F. J.
name: Henden, A. A.
name: Luginbuhl, C. B.
name: Guetter, H. H.
name: Munn, J. A.
name: Canzian, B.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Tsvetanov, Z. I.
name: Chiu, K.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Hoversten, E. A.
name: Schneider, D. P.
name: Brinkmann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled L' and M' photometry of 63 single and binary M, L,and T dwarfs obtained at UKIRT using the MKO filter set. This compilation includes new L' data for 8 L dwarfs and 13 T dwarfs and new M' data for 7 L dwarfs, 5 T dwarfs, and Gl 229A. We compute L_bol, BC_K, and T_eff for 42 dwarfs whose flux-calibrated JHK spectra, L' photometry, and trigonometric parallaxes are available, and we estimate these quantities for 9 other dwarfs whose parallaxes and flux-calibrated spectra have been obtained. BC_K is a well-behaved function of near-IR spectral type with a dispersion of ~0.1 mag for types M6-T5; it is significantly more scattered for types T5-T9. T_eff declines steeply and monotonically for types M6-L7 and T4-T9, but is nearly constant at ~1450 K for types L7-T4 with assumed ages of ~3 Gyr. This constant T_eff is evidenced by nearly unchanging values of L'-M' between types L6 and T3. We compare the observed K, L', and M' luminosities of L and T dwarfs in our sample with those predicted by model atmospheres with varying surface gravities and sedimentation efficiencies. The models indicate that the L3-T4.5 dwarfs generally have higher gravities (log g = 5.0-5.5) than the T6-T9 dwarfs (log g = 4.5-5.0). The predicted M' luminosities of T dwarfs are 1.5-2.5 times larger than those derived empirically for the T dwarfs in our sample. This discrepancy is attributed to absorption at 4.5-4.9 um by CO, which is not expected under the condition of chemical equilibrium assumed in the models. We determine that the L3 dwarf Kelu-1 and the T0 dwarf SDSS J0423-0414 are probable binary systems. We compute log(L_bol/L_sun) = -5.73 +/- 0.05 and T_eff = 600-750 K for the T9 dwarf 2MASS J0415-0935, which supplants Gl 570D as the least luminous and coolest brown dwarf presently known.
description: 50 pages, including 10 figures and 6 tables, to be published in June 2004 issue of The Astronomical Journal. Revised 25 Mar 2003: Removed footnote 17
Retinal structural changes before and after idiopathic epiretinal membrane peeling - a study using OCT segmentation
Creators: name: Caiado Sousa, Filipa Rebordão
Publisher: name: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Purpose: We aim to study the microstructural changes and thickness of individual retinal layers in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) treated with peeling. Methods: 47 eyes of 46 patients underwent macular SD-OCT scan before and after ERM peeling. Visual acuity (VA) and central retinal layers thickness were recorded before and at the last follow up visit. Results: The layers that most have changed and contributed to the reduction of central thickness treated with peeling were the Internal Retinal Layers (IRL): Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL), Ganglionar Cell Layer (GCL) and Internal Plexiform Layer (IPL). Conclusions: Visual acuity improvement was not statistically correlated with CMT or IRL thickness reduction, probably due to a small number of patients. However. alterations in the thickness of each retinal layers are easily obtained and its value as a noninvasive biomarker of VA warrants further investigation. Keywords: idiopathic epiretinal membrane, individual retinal layers, thickness changes, automated segmentation, optical coherence tomography
description: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia, Vol. 41 N.º 3 (2017)
Fast Time-optimal Avoidance of Moving Obstacles for High-Speed MAV Flight
Creators: name: Beul, Marius
name: Behnke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a method to efficiently compute smooth, time-optimal trajectories for micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) evading a moving obstacle. Our approach first computes an n-dimensional trajectory from the start- to an arbitrary target state including position, velocity and acceleration. It respects input- and state-constraints and is thus dynamically feasible. The trajectory is then efficiently checked for collisions, exploiting the piecewise polynomial formulation. If collisions occur, viastates are inserted into the trajectory to circumvent the obstacle and still maintain time-optimality. These viastates are described by position, velocity, and acceleration. The evaluation shows that the computational demands of the proposed method are minimal such that obstacle avoidance can begin within few milliseconds. Optimality of generated trajectories, combined with the ability for frequent online re-planning from non-hover initial conditions, make the approach well suited for evasion of suddenly perceived obstacles during fast flight.
description: For supplementary material and videos, see http://www.ais.uni-bonn.de/videos/IROS_2019_Beul/
RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PROGRESSÃO PONDERAL DOS PREMATUROS NAS PRIMEIRAS SEMANAS DE VIDA E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE RETINOPATIA DA PREMATURIDADE GRAVE
Creators: name: Mota, Mafalda Sofia Benavente
Publisher: name: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia
Year: 2017

description: Introdução: A Retinopatia da prematuridade (ROP) é uma doença vasoproliferativa que afecta crianças prematuras. Têm sido desenvolvidos vários algoritmos para tentar identificar o risco dos prematuros desenvolverem ROP com necessidade de tratamento (ROP grave), como o algoritmo WINROP, baseado na relação entre a má progressão ponderal e os baixos níveis de IGF-1. Objectivo: Avaliar se o ganho de peso nas primeiras 6 semanas após o nascimento, em crianças prematuras com ROP, influencia o desenvolvimento de ROP grave. Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, com revisão dos processos de todos os prematuros com diagnóstico de ROP, nascidos no Hospital Professor Dr. Fernando Fonseca, entre Janeiro de 2005 e 2015. Foi registado o peso dos prematuros semanalmente e analisado o ganho de peso às 2, 4 e 6 semanas, assim como a incidência de ROP, estadio e tipo de tratamento efectuado. Resultados: Foram incluídos 150 olhos, dos quais 38 tiveram ROP grave (112 com regressão espontânea da retinopatia). O peso ao nascer foi significativamente mais baixo nos prematuros que desenvolveram ROP grave (p=0,008). O ganho de peso às 2ª, 4ª e 6ª semanas não foi diferente entre os dois grupos analisados (p=0,057, p=0,201 e p=0,169, respectivamente), sendo inclusivamente maior nos prematuros com ROP grave na 2ª e 4ª semanas. Conclusão: Contrariamente a outros estudos, não se observaram diferenças no ganho de peso nas primeiras semanas de vida entre os dois grupos estudados. Assim, o algoritmo WINROP, já validado para a população sueca e americana, poderá não se adequar perfeitamente à população portuguesa.
description: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia, Vol. 41 N.º 3 (2017)
NEEDLING PÓS FALÊNCIA DE TRABECULECTOMIA. FACTORES DE RISCO DE FALÊNCIA E INFLUÊNCIA DOS ANTI-MITÓTICOS. RESULTADOS A LONGO PRAZO
Creators: name: Carvalho, Bruno
Publisher: name: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia
Year: 2017

description: Introdução: A falência cirúrgica da trabeculectomia verifica-se especialmente até à oitava semana, podendo a sua incidência chegar aos 28%. A revisão transconjuntival - needling, utilizando anti-mitóticos, tem aumentado a sobrevivência cirúrgica. Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo dos doentes submetidos a needling com informação clínica completa sobre controlo tensional, terapêutica realizada, fármacos com ou sem conservantes, patologia da superfície ocular, cirurgias combinadas e complicações. Consideraram-se os períodos de follow up: pré-operatório, um ano pós cirurgia e a observação mais recente. Identificaram-se os anti-mitóticos utilizados na trabeculectomia e no needling: mitomicina C (MMC) versus 5-fluouracilo (5-FU) para análise comparativa. Considerou-se “sucesso absoluto” a pressão intraocular (PIO) <18 mmHg sem terapêutica, e “sucesso relativo” a PIO <18 mmHg com terapêutica. Resultados: Amostra com 93 olhos tratados. 51.6% realizou needling nos primeiros 90 dias. A média ± desvio padrão do número de fármacos foi sequencialmente: 3.34 ± 1.12, 1.39 ± 1.18 e 1.82 ± 0.13; e a PIO de 23.3 ± 5.68, 14.82 ± 4.23 e 13.99 ± 3.21 (p≤0.05). Não se verificaram associações estatísticas entre número de fármacos no pré-operatório, presença de conservantes, género, precocidade de reintervenção e complicações com a obtenção de sucesso. Obteve-se sucesso absoluto em 24.7%. Em 29.1% repetiu-se needling e, em 8.6%, a PIO final foi >18 mmHg. A possibilidade de sucesso aplicando MMC pareceu ser superior à do 5-FU, OR=2.699, para intervalos entre cirurgias constantes. Conclusão: A técnica de needling com anti-mitóticos demonstrou segurança e eficácia prolongadas, evitando a necessidade de reintervenção.
description: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia, Vol. 41 N.º 3 (2017)
Contract Farming: Inclusion of Small Scale Farmers in the Brazilian Biodiesel Production Chain
Creators: name: Da Silva Junior, Aziz Galvao
name: Vianna Leite, Marco Antonio
name: Clemente, Felippe
name: Perez, Ronaldo
name: Da Silva Junior, Aziz Galvao
name: Vianna Leite, Marco Antonio
name: Clemente, Felippe
name: Perez, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: contract farming
subject: biofuel
subject: Brazil
subject: small scale farms

description: Contract farming is a key element for the Brazilian Biodiesel Program, which aim to promote social inclusion of small scale farmers. The relationship between the industry and the farmers is regulated by a certification called Social Fuel Seal. The seal allows to the biodiesel producers favorable financing schemes, tax exemptions and, especially, the right to participate in specific auctions to sell the biodiesel. By the other side, the basic requirements are: i) acquisition of a minimum percentage of raw material from small scale farmers, ii) enter into contract with the farmers, iii) ensure technical assistance and training to the farmers. The Brazilian biodiesel program, in only five year, has obtained positive results. Although the inclusion of 109 thousand small scale farmers represents a small percentage, having in mind the total number of small scale farmers in Brazil (4,5 million), it is a very expressive figure comparing with 40 thousand sugar cane producers involved in the 40 years old ethanol program. The main challenge of the program is to increase the number of small scale farmers supplying the biodiesel industry with oilseed, especially in the Northeast and North regions of Brazil. The creation of a captive market for small scale oilseed farmers occurs under the regulatory framework of the Social Fuel Seal, which demands a mediated agreement between farmers and the industry. The formalization of a contract can be an important factor helping to organize the oilseed production chain, as the coordination of the production chain, including also the by-products, is a key factor.
Neotrichaphodioides ecuadoriensis Dellacasa & Dellacasa & Skelley 2010, new combination
Creators: name: Dellacasa, Marco
name: Dellacasa, Giovanni
name: Skelley, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Neotrichaphodioides
Neotrichaphodioides ecuadoriensis

description: Neotrichaphodioides ecuadoriensis (Petrovitz, 1961), new combination
(Fig. 10-14)
 Aphodius (Trichaphodius) ecuadoriensis Petrovitz, 1961: 444; Dellacasa 1988: 274.
 Aphodius (Gonaphodiellus) ecuadoriensis; Petrovitz 1970: 226.
 Type locality. Curay [Curaray], Ecuador.
 Type repository. Senkenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (holotype examined).
 Redescription. Length 5.0-5.5 mm; oblong, moderately convex, subshiny, glabrous. Reddish brown, clypeal margin and pronotal sides paler; legs reddish brown, antennal club yellowish. Head with epistoma convex, near imperceptibly microreticulate, evenly sparsely finely punctured; clypeus almost semicircular, entirely bordered, edge glabrous, anteriorly slightly reflexed; genae obtusely rounded, not ciliate, feebly protruding beyond eyes; later noticeably large; frontal suture finely impressed, mutic; front evenly sparsely punctured. Pronotum transverse, few convex, finely microreticulate, dually punctured; large, moderately coarse punctures, four to five times larger than small, irregularly, not closely sparse on sides, lacking on disc; small, fine punctures evenly sparsely scattered throughout, somewhat finer on disc; lateral margins feebly arcuate, rather thinly bordered, edge glabrous; hind angles subtruncate; base distinctly bisinuate, not bordered. Scutellum flat, with few fine sparse punctures near base. Elytra oval elongate, moderately convex, feebly broadened posteriorly, finely striate; striae moderately impressed, finely punctured, subcrenulate; intervals superficially alutaceous, slightly convex, sparsely finely punctured. Hind tibiae superior apical spur shorter than first tarsal segment; latter somewhat longer than following three combined. Male: head with epistoma regularly convex; pronotum relatively more transverse, less convex, more sparsely punctured; metasternal plate concave, densely punctured, pubescent; aedeagus Fig. 11-12. Female: head with epistome distinctly gibbous on disc; pronotum relatively more convex, less transverse, more densely punctured; metasternal plate nearly flat, sparsely punctured, almost glabrous.
 Material examined. ECUADOR, Curaray, 4.I.1906, F. Ohaus S. (holotype male SMFM); Canelos, 22.X.1905, F. Ohaus S. (allotype MHNG).
 Distribution. Ecuador.
description: Published as part of Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Skelley, Paul E., 2010, Neotrichaphodioides, new genus of Neotropical Aphodiini, with description of a new species from Peru (Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-12 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (133) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5164776
Unsupervised particle sorting for high-resolution single-particle cryo-EM
Creators: name: Zhou, Ye
name: Moscovich, Amit
name: Bendory, Tamir
name: Bartesaghi, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.5.1; I.5.4; J.3
subject: 62P10

description: Single-particle cryo-Electron Microscopy (EM) has become a popular technique for determining the structure of challenging biomolecules that are inaccessible to other technologies. Recent advances in automation, both in data collection and data processing, have significantly lowered the barrier for non-expert users to successfully execute the structure determination workflow. Many critical data processing steps, however, still require expert user intervention in order to converge to the correct high-resolution structure. In particular, strategies to identify homogeneous populations of particles rely heavily on subjective criteria that are not always consistent or reproducible among different users. Here, we explore the use of unsupervised strategies for particle sorting that are compatible with the autonomous operation of the image processing pipeline. More specifically, we show that particles can be successfully sorted based on a simple statistical model for the distribution of scores assigned during refinement. This represents an important step towards the development of automated workflows for protein structure determination using single-particle cryo-EM.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
The Resilience Approach Contribution to Rural Communities Social Assessment for Social Sustainability-Based Strategies Implementation
Creators: name: Severi, Claudia
name: Rota, Cosimo
name: Zanasi, Cesare
name: Severi, Claudia
name: Rota, Cosimo
name: Zanasi, Cesare
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Social Assessment
subject: Resilience
subject: Sustainability
subject: Rural Communities
subject: Food System

description: Evaluating the rural communities social context capacity to manage changes coming from external agents is of paramount importance for effective Social Sustainability strategies identification. A literature survey was carried out on the Resilience approach definition and its application to the Social Assessment in rural areas. The analysis showed that the Resilience approach is dynamic and context-dependent. It enriches the Social Assessment by focusing on the specific capabilities of the communities in managing changes. The Resilience perspective embraces the dynamic character of communities and human-ecosystem interactions outlining multiple potential pathways. It provides a deeper understanding of how a community’s positive response to change can be strengthened and supported. Moreover, the specific focus on rural communities highlights how strongly Social and Ecological Resilience are intertwined in the identification of the mechanisms that guarantee Social Sustainability which, in turn, is strictly interrelated with Environmental and Economic Sustainability.
Food Consumption, Food Chains and Market Evolution in São Tomé e Principe: A Case Study in Sub-Sahara Africa
Creators: name: Santo, Severino Espirito
name: Carvalho, Bernardo Reynolds Pacheco De
name: Santo, Severino Espirito
name: Carvalho, Bernardo Reynolds Pacheco De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: food consumption. Food chains
subject: sub-sahara Africa

description: São Tomé e Principe is a small country in the middle of the Atlantic and exactly located at the Equator. It is a country where food consumption has been mainly dependent upon local production (where nature is very exuberant), but where imports, donations and globalization are determinant elements in consumption changes in the last decades. This article provides an analysis of the most significant changes in the last decades, showing how local product consumption is associated with lower income households, how recent improvements are maintaining the local consumption basis in many cases, and also how food markets are missing improvements with big price differences across different regions. This behavior is consistent with many problems in market performance, showing how important can be adequate technical support. Market problems are not the only important constraint for supply growth and food chain development but provide evidence of the need for better food policy and technical intervention to improve production systems while, at the same time, providing a better use of local resources and of the international trade/cooperation for better quality of live and food security.
ESCLERECTOMIA PROFUNDA NÃO PENETRANTE POR LASER DE CO2 VERSUS TRABECULECTOMIA TIPO CAIRNS: RESULTADOS A TRÊS MESES
Creators: name: Marques, Marco Frederico
name: Raimundo, Miguel
name: Fonseca, Cristina
name: Costa, José
name: Rocha, Tânia
name: Cardoso, João
name: Faria, Pedro
name: Silva, João Filipe
name: Moura Pereira, José
name: Neto Murta, Joaquim
Publisher: name: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia
Year: 2017

description: OBJETIVO: Comparação da eficácia e segurança a 3 meses da esclerectomia profunda não penetrante assistida por LASER CO2 (CO2 LASER-assisted sclerectomy surgery, CLASS) com a trabeculectomia tipo Cairns (TRAB) em doentes com glaucoma de ângulo aberto. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospetivo. Incluíram-se doentes consecutivos com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto ou glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo, candidatos a cirurgia filtrante. Considerou-se “sucesso completo” uma pressão intraocular (PIO) >5 e <20mmHg ao 3º mês, ou uma redução ≥30% sobre a PIO inicial. O “sucesso qualificado” envolveu critérios idênticos com necessidade de terapêutica adjuvante. RESULTADOS: Incluíram-se 38 olhos (38 doentes) submetidos a CLASS (n=18) ou TRAB (n=20). Não foram verificadas diferenças na idade (p=0,396), PIO (p=0,168), número de fármacos hipotensores (p=0,635), sensibilidade foveal (p=0,227), mean deviation (p=0,457), ou pattern standard deviation (p=0,313) entre os dois grupos, na avaliação inicial. Observaram-se três episódios de hifema e uma hipotalamia no grupo TRAB. Realizaram-se sete needlings no grupo TRAB e duas goniopunções no grupo CLASS. A redução média da PIO nos dois grupos (p=0,976) e o número de colírios ao 3º mês (p=0,549) foi semelhante. Observou-se sucesso completo em 45% e sucesso qualificado em 95% dos doentes do grupo TRAB, comparativamente a 66,7% e 94,4% no grupo CLASS, respetivamente. No grupo TRAB, observou-se uma hipotonia persistente. No grupo CLASS ocorreu uma hipertensão intraocular refratária a colírios. CONCLUSÕES: Apresentamos o primeiro estudo que compara a técnica CLASS à TRAB. Este procedimento demonstrou eficácia semelhante à TRAB, aliada a uma maior percentagem de sucesso completo e menor número de complicações.
description: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia, Vol. 41 N.º 3 (2017)
Information Demand and Agriculture Commodity Prices
Creators: name: Peri, Massimo
name: Vandone, Daniela
name: Baldi, Lucia
name: Peri, Massimo
name: Vandone, Daniela
name: Baldi, Lucia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: commodity prices
subject: information
subject: futures markets
subject: Mixture Distribution Hypothesis
subject: egarch

description: This paper investigates the effect of information flow on corn futures price variability for the period January 2004 -July 2011. The theoretical framework is the Mixture Distribution Hypothesis, that posits a joint dependence of return volatility and information. The main contribution of this article is that we use two different proxy for the observed component of information flow that allow to separate the effect of supply (News) and demand (Internet Search Volume) of information. Empirical estimates highlight that: i) results support the MDH since observed volatility persistence appears to be related to the information flow; ii) variation in information demand has a significant effect on volatility of futures corn returns even controlling for variation in information supply and such result can be interpreted in light of behavioural finance.
Haploinsufficiency of A20 with a novel mutation of deletion of exons 2–3 of TNFAIP3
Creators: name: Shimizu, Maho
name: Matsubayashi, Tadashi
name: Ohnishi, Hidenori
name: Nakama, Mina
name: Izawa, Kazushi
name: Honda, Yoshitaka
name: Ryuta Nishikomori
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20) due to loss-of-function mutations of TNFAIP3 leads to an autoinflammatory disease. These mutations produce a premature termination codon in most cases of HA20. However, exon deletion has not been reported. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the patient clinically suspected of HA20. We examined autoinflammatory disease-causing genes and performed a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay for copy number analysis. Next, to determine the disconnection point, genomic DNA was amplified with long-range PCR and sequenced. Finally, western blotting was carried out to measure A20 protein expression in mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced T-cell blasts from the patient and a healthy volunteer. Targeted next-generation sequencing found no pathogenic mutation, but copy number variation (CNV) analysis suggested a heterozygous deletion of exons 2–3. The MLPA assay and long-range PCR confirmed the mutation. Western blotting analysis indicated a marked decrease in expression of A20 protein from the patient compared to a normal control. The results showed that this deletion was a pathogenic mutation. This study demonstrates a novel mutation resulting in a deletion of exons 2–3 of TNFAIP3. MLPA analysis is a useful initial screening method for HA20 patients.
Selective laser trabeculoplasty in the treatment of glaucoma: from eight to eighty
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Rita
name: Bastos, Ricardo
name: Tenedório, Paula
name: Coelho, Pedro
name: Maio, Tiago
name: Moreira, Jorge
Publisher: name: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia
Year: 2017

description: Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in early and advanced stage. Material and methods: Retrospective review of patients treated with SLT in our hospital with a follow-up time of 6 months. SLT was performed in eyes with primary or pseudoexfoliation OAG. Indications for the procedure were insufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) control or poor compliance to medical treatment. IOP records were obtained preoperatively, 2 weeks, 2 and 6 months after laser treatment. There were considered as success criteria in early glaucoma group a reduction of IOP<21 mmHg and> 20% of the initial IOP, and for advanced glaucoma group a reduction of IOP<18 mmHg and> 20% from baseline. Results: Forty-four eyes from 34 patients were included in the study. In early glaucoma stage group, it was observed a mean IOP reduction of -7.46 mmHg (p<0.001) and IOP reduction <21 mmHg and >20% of the preoperative value was observed in 76.9% of eyes at 6 months of follow-up. In advanced glaucoma stage group, it was observed a mean IOP reduction of -5.30 mmHg (p <0.001) and IOP reduction IOP <18 mmHg and> 20% of the preoperative IOP was observed in 78.9% of eyes at 6 months after completion of SLT. There were no reports of complications associated with SLT. Conclusions: At 6 months the SLT seems to be a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of eyes with OAG in early and advanced stage.
description: Revista Sociedade Portuguesa de Oftalmologia, Vol. 41 N.º 3 (2017)
Screening from $e_g$ states and antiferromagnetic correlations in $d^{(1,2,3)}$ perovskites: A $GW$+EDMFT investigation
Creators: name: Petocchi, Francesco
name: Nilsson, Fredrik
name: Aryasetiawan, Ferdi
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic {\it ab initio} study of the electronic structure of Sr(V,Mo,Mn)O$_3$ perovskites, using the parameter-free $GW$+EDMFT method. This approach self-consistently calculates effective interaction parameters, taking into account screening effects due to nonlocal charge fluctuations. Comparing the results of a 3-band ($t_{2g}$) description to those of a 5-band ($t_{2g}$+$e_g$) model, it is shown that the $e_g$ states have little effect on the low-energy properties and the plasmonic features for the first two compounds but play a more active role in SrMnO$_3$. In the case of SrMnO$_3$ paramagnetic $GW$+EDMFT yields a metallic low-temperature solution on the verge of a Mott transition, while antiferromagnetic $GW$+EDMFT produces an insulating solution with the correct gap size. We discuss the possible implications of this result for the nature of the insulating state above the Néel temperature, and the reliability of the $GW$+EDMFT scheme.
Raman scattering studies of spin, charge, and lattice dynamics in Ca_{2-x}Sr_{x}RuO_{4} (0 =< x < 0.2)
Creators: name: Rho, H.
name: Cooper, S. L.
name: Nakatsuji, S.
name: Fukazawa, H.
name: Maeno, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Raman scattering to study spin, charge, and lattice dynamics in various phases of Ca_{2-x}Sr_{x}RuO_{4}. With increasing substitution of Ca by Sr in the range 0 =< x < 0.2, we observe (1) evidence for an increase of the electron-phonon interaction strength, (2) an increased temperature-dependence of the two-magnon energy and linewidth in the antiferromagnetic insulating phase, and (3) evidence for charge gap development, and hysteresis associated with the structural phase change, both of which are indicative of a first-order metal-insulator transition (T_{MI}) and a coexistence of metallic and insulating components for T < T_{MI}.
Additional file 1 of Diverse coping modes of maize in cool environment at early growth
Creators: name: Sowiński, Paweł
name: Wieliczko-Manowska, Katarzyna
name: Grzybowski, Marcin
name: Jończyk, Maciej
name: Sowiński, Jakub
name: Sobkowiak, Alicja
name: Kowalec, Piotr
name: Rogacki, Janusz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and photochemical reflection index (PRI) in the first, fully developed leaf (V1 growth stage) of plants of 64 inbred lines grown for 10–12 days at optimal temperatures (24/21°C; CONTROL) or for 19–22 days at low temperatures (16/12°C; COLD). Control and low-temperature values are marked with blue and orange bars, respectively. Measurements were performed at room temperature after 30 min dark acclimatisation. Experiments were repeated three times with three or four plants per experiment. Lines are sorted according to their Fv/Fm values for cold-grown plants. Data are presented as means ± SD marked as error bars. The emmeans function was used to conduct posthoc pairwise comparisons between all inbred lines—separately for each treatment condition. The Tukey’s method was used for P-value adjustment with ɑ = 5%. Different letters mark significantly different values. Results of statistical analysis is shown in Additional file 9. Grey and red bars regard inbred lines selected for Experiment II.
Radiographic and clinical effects of 10 mg and 25 mg twice-weekly etanercept over 52 weeks in Japanese patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu
name: Miyasaka, Nobuyuki
name: Pedersen, Ron D.
name: Sugiyama, Noriko
name: Hirose, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: To compare the radiographic and clinical effects of 25 versus 10 mg twice-weekly (BIW) etanercept over 52 weeks in Japanese patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This was a post-hoc analysis of a Phase 3 study where Japanese patients with active RA were randomized to receive BIW etanercept 25 mg (n = 182), etanercept 10 mg (n = 192), or methotrexate (n = 176) for 52 weeks (NCT00445770). This analysis included assessments of week-24 and week-52 disease activity, week-52 radiographic progression, and the relationship between baseline characteristics and week 52 clinical outcomes with clinically relevant radiographic progression (CRRP) at week 52. At week 52, there were no significant differences between 25 and 10 mg etanercept in terms of achieving low disease activity or remission. CRRP was observed in 36% and 32% of patients in the 10 and 25 mg groups, respectively. Predictor analysis suggested that worse background disease status, treatment with methotrexate rather than etanercept, and poorer clinical outcomes at week 52 were associated with CRRP. The 25 mg BIW etanercept dosage does not appear to be significantly more efficacious than 10 mg in Japanese patients with RA. Further studies evaluating the optimal etanercept dosing regimen in this patient population may be merited. NCT: NCT00445770
Radiative Neutrino Masses in a SUSY GUT Model
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiatively-induced neutrino mass matrix is investigated within the framework of an SU(5) SUSY GUT model. The model has matter fields of three families \bar{5}_{L(+)i}+5_{L(+)i} in addition to the ordinary matter fields \bar{5}_{L(-)i}+10_{L(+)i} and Higgs fields H_{(+)}+\bar{H}_{(0)}, where (+,0,-) denote the transformation properties (ω^{+1},ω^0,ω^{-1}) (ω^3=+1) under a discrete symmetry Z_3. R-parity violating terms are given by \bar{5}_{L(+)} \bar{5}_{L(+)} 10_{L(+)}, while the Yukawa interactions are given by \bar{H}_{(0)} \bar{5}_{L(-)} 10_{L(+)}, i.e. the \bar{5}-fields in both are different from each other. The Z_3 symmetry is only broken by the terms \bar{5}_{L(+)i}5_{L(+)i} softly, so that the \bar{5}_{L(+)i}\leftrightarrow \bar{5}_{L(-)i} mixings appear at μ< M_X. Of the R-parity violating terms \bar{5}_{L(+)} \bar{5}_{L(+)} 10_{L(+)}, only the terms (e_Lν_-ν_Le_)e_R^c sizably appear at μ< M_X.
description: 10 pages, Latex, a typo was corrected
Parity (XOR) Reasoning for the Index Calculus Attack
Creators: name: Trimoska, Monika
name: Ionica, Sorina
name: Dequen, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cryptographic problems can often be reduced to solving Boolean polynomial systems, whose equivalent logical formulas can be treated using SAT solvers. Given the algebraic nature of the problem, the use of the logical XOR operator is common in SAT-based cryptanalysis. Recent works have focused on advanced techniques for handling parity (XOR) constraints, such as the Gaussian Elimination technique. First, we propose an original XOR-reasoning SAT solver, named WDSat (Weil Descent SAT solving), dedicated to a specific cryptographic problem. Secondly, we show that in some cases Gaussian Elimination on SAT instances does not work as well as Gaussian Elimination on algebraic systems. We demonstrate how this oversight is fixed in our solver, which is adapted to read instances in algebraic normal form (ANF). Finally, we propose a novel preprocessing technique based on the Minimal Vertex Cover Problem in graph theory. This preprocessing technique is, within the framework of multivariate Boolean polynomial systems, used as a DLL branching selection rule that leads to quick linearization of the underlying algebraic system. Our benchmarks use a model obtained from cryptographic instances for which a significant speedup is achieved using the findings in this paper. We further explain how our preprocessing technique can be used as an assessment of the security of a cryptographic system.
description: 18 pages
Safety and effectiveness of adalimumab in Japanese patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results from a real-world postmarketing study
Creators: name: Syuji Takei
name: Iwata, Naomi
name: Kobayashi, Ichiro
name: Igarashi, Toru
name: Yoshinaga, Yoko
name: Matsubara, Naoko
name: Sunaga, Naomi
name: Ito, Ayumi
name: Shumpei Yokota
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study was conducted to assess the real-world safety and effectiveness of adalimumab in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In this all-case, postmarketing surveillance study (NCT01412021) conducted in Japan, patients receiving adalimumab for JIA affecting multiple joints were observed for 24 weeks. The safety (adverse drug reactions [ADRs]/serious ADRs) and effectiveness (4-variable Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-4/ESR] remission rate) were assessed. In the safety population (n = 356), 90.3% (65/72; weight, ≥15–<30 kg) of patients received adalimumab 20 mg every 2 weeks (q2w) and 98.3% (236/240; weight ≥30 kg) received 40 mg q2w. Incidence of ADRs and serious ADRs was 29.8% (106/356) and 3.4% (12/356), respectively. Incidence of ADRs was significantly higher in patients aged <15 years vs. ≥15 years (34.6% vs. 21.1%, p = .0072), those with comorbidities vs. without (38.3% vs. 25.7%, p = .0155), and those receiving dose <40 mg q2w vs. ≥40 mg q2w (38.8% vs. 26.9%, p = .0418). DAS28-4/ESR remission rate improved from 21.7% (36/166) at baseline to 74.7% (112/150) at week 24. Adalimumab was well tolerated and had acceptable safety and effectiveness in patients with JIA in the real-world setting.