cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heat and drought: Stress and recovery responses of Aleppo pine seedlings
Creators: name: Birami, Benjamin
name: Ruehr, Nadine
name: Gattmann, Marielle
name: Bamberger, Ines
name: Gast, Andreas
name: Grote, Rüdiger
name: Arneth, Almut
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016

description: Aleppo pine trees growing at the arid timberline (Yatir forest, Israel) are facing extreme seasonal drought combined with hot temperatures during summer and short heat wave periods in spring. These heat waves have large effects on the forest carbon and water exchange, and might likely increase in severity with predicted climate change scenarios.
To better understand the trees’ physiology during stress and subsequent ability to recover from heat and drought, we performed a greenhouse experiment on one-year-old Pinus halepensis. Soil moisture was kept close to the winter optimum in the control and heat treatment and close to summer values in the drought and heat-drought treatment. The trees of the heat treatment were exposed to two short heat waves (4-days each) with temperature maxima of 43°C, about 15°C above the control and drought trees.
Aboveground carbon exchange, transpiration and emissions of selected volatile organic compounds (VOC) were measured continuously using automated tree chambers (n=4 per treatment). To detect changes in biomass allocation and carbohydrate pools, additional trees were sampled before, during and at the end of the stress periods.
We will present first results of stress and recovery responses of carbon and water exchange including VOC emissions. In combination with changes in biomass allocation and carbohydrate pool analysis, this can give us a better view on pine seedling performance during periodic combined environmental stress.
The hbar Expansion in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Hoyer, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how expansions in powers of Planck's constant hbar = h/2πcan give new insights into perturbative and nonperturbative properties of quantum field theories. Since hbar is a fundamental parameter, exact Lorentz invariance and gauge invariance are maintained at each order of the expansion. The physics of the hbar expansion depends on the scheme; i.e., different expansions are obtained depending on which quantities (momenta, couplings and masses) are assumed to be independent of hbar. We show that if the coupling and mass parameters appearing in the Lagrangian density are taken to be independent of hbar, then each loop in perturbation theory brings a factor of hbar. In the case of quantum electrodynamics, this scheme implies that the classical charge e, as well as the fine structure constant are linear in hbar. The connection between the number of loops and factors of hbar is more subtle for bound states since the binding energies and bound-state momenta themselves scale with hbar. The hbar expansion allows one to identify equal-time relativistic bound states in QED and QCD which are of lowest order in hbar and transform dynamically under Lorentz boosts. The possibility to use retarded propagators at the Born level gives valence-like wave-functions which implicitly describe the sea constituents of the bound states normally present in its Fock state representation.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Neoseiulus baraki Athias-Henriot 1966
Creators: name: Argolo, Poliane Sá
name: Vital Santos, Renata M.
name: Leão Bittencourt, Maria A.
name: Da Silva Noronha, Aloyséia C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
name: Oliveira, Anibal Ramadan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Neoseiulus
Neoseiulus baraki

description: Neoseiulus baraki Athias-Henriot, 1966
 Amblyseius baraki Athias-Henriot, 1966: 211.
 Neoseiulus baraki.––Moraes et al., 2004: 104; Chant & McMurtry, 2007: 25. Record in Bahia: Neoseiulus baraki.–– Lawson-Balagbo et al., 2008: 88.
description: Published as part of Argolo, Poliane Sá, Vital Santos, Renata M., Leão Bittencourt, Maria A., Da Silva Noronha, Aloyséia C., De Moraes, Gilberto J. & Oliveira, Anibal Ramadan, 2017, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) associated with tropical ornamental plants, with a checklist and a key to the species of Bahia, Brazil, pp. 345-364 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on page 352, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/570106
Magnetotransport and activation energy of the surface states in Cd3As2 thin films
Creators: name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Li, Fuxiang
name: Wang, Yi-Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments performed the magnetotransport measurements in (001)-oriented Cd$_3$As$_2$ thin films and attributed the magnetotransport properties to the surface states. In this paper, by using an effective model to describe the surface states, we analyze the Landau bands and then calculate the magnetoconductivities and magnetoresistivities. From these results, the features of two-dimensional quantum Hall effect of the surface states can be captured. More importantly, we reveal that the activation energy is determined by the Hall plateau width, which can explain the experimental observations that the activation energies at odd plateaus are larger than those at even plateaus. We also analyze the roles played by the structural inversion symmetry breaking and impurity scatterings in the magnetotransport, and suggest that their combined effects would lead to the absence of some Hall plateaus.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Dirac Cones at k=0 in Phononic Crystals
Creators: name: Liu, Fengming
name: Lai, Yun
name: Huang, Xueqin
name: Chan, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two-dimensional phononic crystals exhibit Dirac cone dispersion at k=0 by exploiting dipole and quadrupole accidental degeneracy. While the equi-frequency surface of Dirac cone modes is isotropic, such systems exhibit "super-anisotropy", meaning that only transverse waves are allowed along certain directions while only longitudinal waves are allowed along some other directions. Only one mode, not two, is allowed near the Dirac point, and only two effective parameters, not four, are needed to describe the dispersion. Effective medium theory finds that the phononic crystals have effectively zero mass density and zero 1/C44 at the Dirac point. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the unusual elastic wave properties near the Dirac point frequency.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to publishing in journal
Effective spin model for the spin-liquid phase of the Hubbard model on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Yang, H-Y.
name: Laeuchli, A.
name: Mila, F.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the spin liquid phase of the half-filled Hubbard model on the triangular lattice can be described by a pure spin model. This is based on a high-order strong coupling expansion (up to order 12) using perturbative continuous unitary transformations. The resulting spin model is consistent with a transition from three-sublattice long-range magnetic order to an insulating spin liquid phase, and with a jump of the double occupancy at the transition. Exact diagonalizations of both models show that the effective spin model is quantitatively accurate well into the spin liquid phase, and a comparison with the Gutzwiller projected Fermi sea suggests a gapless spectrum and a spinon Fermi surface.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, published versions with additional data
Cavity cooling of a mechanical resonator in the presence of two-level-system defects
Creators: name: Tian, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity cooling via quantum backaction force can extract thermal fluctuations from a mechanical resonator to reach the quantum ground state. Surface or bulk two-level-system (TLS) defects in a mechanical resonator can couple with the mechanical mode via deformation potential and affect the cooling process significantly. Here, we develop a theory to study the cavity cooling of a mechanical mode in the presence of a TLS defect using the adiabatic elimination technique. Our result shows that the cooling process depends strongly on the resonance and the damping rate of the TLS.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The use of probiotics to control biofilm formation in the food industry
Creators: name: Tomé, Andreia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Probiotic; Lactic acid bacteria; Biofilm displacement; Foodborne pathogen

description: Bacteria tend to adhere to food contact surfaces and form biofilms, which are sources of cross contamination of food products in food processing environments. As a part of a biofilm, bacteria are protected from stressful conditions and become resistant to antimicrobials, including the traditional chemical sanitizers and disinfectants. Several studies in the food industry have shown that probiotics can prevent and/or control biofilm formation by spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. In this context, the ability of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LR) to disperse pre-formed biofilms of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated.
The antibiofilm assays followed a displacement strategy that consisted of the disruption of 24-hour single-species biofilms through the addition of probiotics (LP or LR). The contact between pathogen biofilms and the probiotic cell suspension lasted another 24 h. The number of total and culturable cells before (control) and after biofilm treatment was determined using flow cytometry and colony-forming unit (CFU) testing, respectively.
Reductions of about 40-55% in the total number of E. coli cells, and 25-35% in the number of culturable cells were obtained after 24 h of treatment with both probiotics tested. This antibiofilm activity could be due to competition for nutrients and/or by release of antimicrobial metabolites, such as bacteriocins, biosurfactants, and organic acids that may have compromised the integrity of pathogen cells. In contrast, the culturability of both Pseudomonas species was not reduced when pre-formed biofilms were exposed to LP or LR.
This preliminary work demonstrates the antibiofilm potential of LP and LR against E. coli biofilms, suggesting that probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria are promising bioagents to control biofilm formation in the food industry. However, further studies are needed to unravel the cellular processes underlying the probiotic behavior against different foodborne biofilms.
Anisotropy of magnetic emulsions induced by magnetic and electric fields
Creators: name: Dikansky, Yury I.
name: Tyatyushkin, Alexander N.
name: Zakinyan, Arthur R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anisotropy of magnetic emulsions induced by simultaneously acting electric and magnetic fields is theoretically and experimentally investigated. Due to the anisotropy, the electric conductivity and magnetic permeability of a magnetic emulsion are no longer scalar coefficients, but are tensors. The electric conductivity and magnetic permeability tensors of sufficiently diluted emulsions in sufficiently weak electric and magnetic fields are found as functions of the electric and magnetic intensity vectors. The theoretically predicted induced anisotropy was verified experimentally. The experimental data are analyzed and compared with theoretical predictions. The results of the analysis and comparison are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; the revision resulted from the publication process
title: Оценка модернизации цеха по переработке молока в условиях СПК «Левочский»
Creators: name: Сироткин, Павел
name: Семкив, Лидия
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В данной работе рассмотрен опыт внедрения новых технологий и оборудования по переработке молока в условиях СПК «Левочский» Новгородской области. Проведен анализ экономических и производственных результатов до и после модернизации цеха по переработке молока.
Function Spaces on Singular Manifolds
Creators: name: Amann, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 54C35, 58A99, 58D99

description: It is shown that most of the well-known basic results for Sobolev-Slobodeckii and Bessel potential spaces, known to hold on bounded smooth domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$, continue to be valid on a wide class of Riemannian manifolds with singularities and boundary, provided suitable weights, which reflect the nature of the singularities, are introduced. These results are of importance for the study of partial differential equations on piece-wise smooth domains.
description: 37 pages, 1 figure, final version, augmented by additional references; to appear in Math. Nachrichten
Evolution of the Normal State of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas from a Pseudogap Phase to a Molecular Bose Gas
Creators: name: Perali, A.
name: Palestini, F.
name: Pieri, P.
name: Strinati, G. C.
name: Stewart, J. T.
name: Gaebler, J. P.
name: Drake, T. E.
name: Jin, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave-vector resolved radio frequency (rf) spectroscopy data for an ultracold trapped Fermi gas are reported for several couplings at Tc, and extensively analyzed in terms of a pairing-fluctuation theory. We map the evolution of a strongly interacting Fermi gas from the pseudogap phase into a fully gapped molecular Bose gas as a function of the interaction strength, which is marked by a rapid disappearance of a remnant Fermi surface in the single-particle dispersion. We also show that our theory of a pseudogap phase is consistent with a recent experimental observation as well as with Quantum Monte Carlo data of thermodynamic quantities of a unitary Fermi gas above Tc.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Substantially revised version (to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett.)
Electrostatic Barrier against Dust Growth in Protoplanetary Disks. II. Measuring the Size of the "Frozen" Zone
Creators: name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Takeuchi, Taku
name: Sakagami, Masa-aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coagulation of submicron-sized dust grains into porous aggregates is the initial step of dust evolution in protoplanetary disks. Recently, it has been pointed out that negative charging of dust in the weakly ionized disks could significantly slow down the coagulation process. In this paper, we apply the growth criteria obtained in Paper I to finding out a location ("frozen" zone) where the charging stalls dust growth at the fractal growth stage. For low-turbulence disks, we find that the frozen zone can cover the major part of the disks at a few to 100 AU from the central star. The maximum mass of the aggregates is approximately 10^{-7} g at 1 AU and as small as a few monomer masses at 100 AU. Strong turbulence can significantly reduce the size of the frozen zone, but such turbulence will cause the fragmentation of macroscopic aggregates at later stages. We examine a possibility that complete freezeout of dust evolution in low-turbulence disks could be prevented by global transport of dust in the disks. Our simple estimation shows that global dust transport can lead to the supply of macroscopic aggregates and the removal of frozen aggregates on a timescale of 10^6 yr. This overturns the usual understanding that tiny dust particles get depleted on much shorter timescales unless collisional fragmentation is effective. The frozen zone together with global dust transport might explain "slow" (\sim 10^6 yr) dust evolution suggested by infrared observation of T Tauri stars and by radioactive dating of chondrites.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Quantum phase transition between cluster and antiferromagnetic states
Creators: name: Son, Wonmin
name: Amico, Luigi
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Hamma, Alioscia
name: Pascazio, Saverio
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Hamiltonian system describing a three spin-1/2 cluster-like interaction competing with an Ising-like exchange. We show that the ground state in the cluster phase possesses symmetry protected topological order. A continuous quantum phase transition occurs as result of the competition between the cluster and Ising terms. At the critical point the Hamiltonian is self-dual. The geometric entanglement is also studied. Our findings in one dimension corroborate the analysis of the two dimensional generalization of the system, indicating, at a mean field level, the presence of a direct transition between an antiferromagnetic and a valence bond solid ground state.
description: 5 epl pages + 1 fig.pdf
Optimizing design and management of restored wetlands and floodplains in agricultural watersheds for water quality
Creators: name: Lay, Danielle
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 410405
subject: Environmental rehabilitation and restoration
classificationCode: 300204
subject: Agricultural management of nutrients

description: Excess nitrogen loading to surface waters and groundwater from intensive agriculture threatens human and ecosystem health and economic prosperity within and downstream of the Mississippi River Basin. Restoring wetlands and floodplains reduces nitrogen export, but nitrogen export from the Mississippi River Basin remains elevated. Engineering restored wetlands and floodplains to have higher areal denitrification rates is necessary to advance toward nitrogen reduction goals. Environmental controls of denitrification in restored ecosystems must be further investigated to determine under what conditions denitrification is highest and to link these optimal conditions to restoration approaches. Yet, restoration efforts to reduce nitrogen export may inadvertently increase phosphorus export and greenhouse gas emissions. We evaluated different restoration design approaches and identified environmental controls of denitrification, phosphorus release, and greenhouse gas production to advance knowledge of how floodplain and wetland restorations can be designed and managed to maximize denitrification while also constraining phosphorus release and greenhouse gas production. Comparisons of different restoration design approaches in the Wabash River Basin in Indiana, U.S.A., demonstrated that a hydrologically connected floodplain with row crop agriculture provides limited N treatment. Floodplain restorations that involved structural modifications to enhance hydrologic connectivity supported higher denitrification than restorations that only reestablished native vegetation. Investigations of the plot- and field-scale drivers of denitrification indicated that enhanced hydrologic connectivity and specific native wetland and prairie vegetation types were associated with soil conditions that supported high denitrification potential, mainly sufficient soil moisture and bioavailable organic matter. These same soil conditions were associated with increased risks of phosphorus release and greenhouse gas production. However, artificial flooding experiments showed that preventing prolonged flooding has a strong potential to reduce phosphorus export from floodplains with limited impacts on nitrogen treatment. Microcosm experiments with plant litter and wetland soils indicated that certain wetland vegetation types may reduce greenhouse gas production without sacrificing nitrogen removal capacity based on differences in plant biomass composition.
Homozygous missense WIPI2 variants cause a congenital disorder of autophagy with neurodevelopmental impairments of variable clinical severity and disease course.
Creators: name: Maroofian, Reza
name: Gubas, Andrea
name: Kaiyrzhanov, Rauan
name: Scala, Marcello
name: Hundallah, Khalid
name: Severino, Mariasavina
name: Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed S
name: Rosenfeld, Jill A
name: Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius
name: Ali, Zahir
name: Rahim, Fazal
name: Houlden, Henry
name: Tooze, Sharon A
name: Alsaleh, Norah S
name: Zaki, Maha S
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Imaging
Signalling & Oncogenes
Cell Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput

description: WIPI2 is a member of the human WIPI protein family (seven-bladed b-propeller proteins binding phosphatidylinositols, PROPPINs), which play a pivotal role in autophagy and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurological conditions. The homozygous WIPI2 variant c.745G>A; p.(Val249Met) (NM_015610.4) has recently been associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder in a single family. Using exome sequencing and Sanger segregation analysis, here, two novel homozygous WIPI2 variants [c.551T>G; p.(Val184Gly) and c.724C>T; p.(Arg242Trp) (NM_015610.4)] were identified in four individuals of two consanguineous families. Additionally, follow-up clinical data were sought from the previously reported family. Three non-ambulant affected siblings of the first family harbouring the p.(Val184Gly) missense variant presented with microcephaly, profound global developmental delay/intellectual disability, refractory infantile/childhood-onset epilepsy, progressive tetraplegia with joint contractures and dyskinesia. In contrast, the proband of the second family carrying the p.(Arg242Trp) missense variant, similar to the initially reported WIPI2 cases, presented with a milder phenotype, encompassing moderate intellectual disability, speech and visual impairment, autistic features, and an ataxic gait. Brain MR imaging in five patients showed prominent white matter involvement with a global reduction in volume, posterior corpus callosum hypoplasia, abnormal dentate nuclei and hypoplasia of the inferior cerebellar vermis. To investigate the functional impact of these novel WIPI2 variants, we overexpressed both in WIPI2-knockout HEK293A cells. In comparison to wildtype, expression of the Val166Gly WIPI2b mutant resulted in a deficient rescue of LC3 lipidation whereas Arg224Trp mutant increased LC3 lipidation, in line with the previously reported Val231Met variant. These findings support a dysregulation of the early steps of the autophagy pathway. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that biallelic WIPI2 variants cause a neurodevelopmental disorder of variable severity and disease course. Our report expands the clinical spectrum and establishes WIPI2-related disorder as a congenital disorders of autophagy.
An investigation of tone dissonance between corporate disclosures
Creators: name: Feng, Shuo
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation uses text analysis to study the tone dissonance between different corporate disclosures (conference call and the corresponding MD&A), whether current firm status and long-term business strategy affect the tone dissonance, and the implications of the tone dissonance. We also examine whether the tone dissonance between the conference call Q&A session and the corresponding MD&A interacts with other conference call textual features, corporate executives’ linguistic choices, and analysts’ questions during the conference call.
On Pathwise Uniform Approximation of Processes with Càdlàg Trajectories by Processes with Minimal Total Variation
Creators: name: Łochowski, Rafał M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G17, 60G15

description: For a real cadlag function $f$ and positive constant $c$ we find another cadlag function, which has the smallest total variation possible among the functions uniformly approximating f with accuracy c=2. The solution is expressed with the truncated variation, upward truncated variation and downward truncated variation introduced in the papers R. Łochowski, Truncated variation of Brownian motion with drift, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math. Vol. 56 (2008) and R. Łochowski, Truncated variation, upward truncated variation and downward truncated variation of Brownian motion with drift - their characteristics and applications Stochastic Processes and their Applications 121 (2011). They are analogs of Hahn-Jordan decomposition of a cadlag function with finite total variation but are always finite even if the total variation is infinite. We apply obtained results to general stochastic processes with c?adl?ag trajectories and in the special case of Brownian motion with drift we apply them to obtain full characterisation of its truncated variation by calculating its Laplace transform. We also calculate covariance of upward and downward truncated variations of Brownian motion with drift. Keywords: total variation, truncated variation, uniform approximation, Brow- nian motion, Laplace transform
Creating artificial magnetic fields for cold atoms by photon-assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Kolovsky, Andrey R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a simple setup for introducing an artificial magnetic field for neutral atoms in 2D optical lattices. This setup is based on the phenomenon of photon-assisted tunneling and involves a low-frequency periodic driving of the optical lattice. This low-frequency driving does not affect the electronic structure of the atom and can be easily realized by the same means which employed to create the lattice. We also address the problem of detecting this effective magnetic field. In particular, we study the center of mass wave-packet dynamics, which is shown to exhibit certain features of cyclotron dynamics of a classical charged particle.
description: EPL-style, 8 pages, 4 figures
Leibniz 2-algebras and twisted Courant algebroids
Creators: name: Sheng, Yunhe
name: Liu, Zhangju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we give the categorification of Leibniz algebras, which is equivalent to 2-term sh Leibniz algebras. They reveal the algebraic structure of omni-Lie 2-algebras introduced in \cite{omniLie2} as well as twisted Courant algebroids by closed 4-forms introduced in \cite{4form}. We also prove that Dirac structures of twisted Courant algebroids give rise to 2-term $L_\infty$-algebras and geometric structures behind them are exactly $H$-twisted Lie algebroids introduced in \cite{Grutzmann}.
description: 22 pages, to appear in Comm. Algebra
Production of heavy vector particles in interactions of leptons with the massless gauge bosons
Creators: name: Alikhanov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross section for vector leptoquark production in electron--gluon collisions is calculated analytically using the Lagrangian with the minimal couplings between the leptoquarks and the gauge fields of the standard model. It is found that the cross section significantly exceeds the corresponding quantity previously presented in the literature. The cross section of exclusive $W$ boson production in neutrino--photon scattering emerges as a by-product of this letter. The obtained results can be used for studies at $ep$ colliders.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Changes in the text. New figures and references added
Scaling and entropy in p-median facility location along a line
Creators: name: Gastner, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The p-median problem is a common model for optimal facility location. The task is to place p facilities (e.g., warehouses or schools) in a heterogeneously populated space such that the average distance from a person's home to the nearest facility is minimized. Here we study the special case where the population lives along a line (e.g., a road or a river). If facilities are optimally placed, the length of the line segment served by a facility is inversely proportional to the square root of the population density. This scaling law is derived analytically and confirmed for concrete numerical examples of three US Interstate highways and the Mississippi River. If facility locations are permitted to deviate from the optimum, the number of possible solutions increases dramatically. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute how scaling is affected by an increase in the average distance to the nearest facility. We find that the scaling exponents change and are most sensitive near the optimum facility distribution.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Physical Review E, in press
Electron-transverse acoustic phonon couplings in three-dimensional pentatellurides
Creators: name: Min, Rui
name: Li, Fuxiang
name: Wang, Yi-Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse acoustic (TA) phonon waves are analogous to electromagnetic waves and can carry a certain angular momentum. In this paper, we study the electron-TA phonon couplings in three-dimensional pentatellurides and explore the conditions under which the TA phonon condensation is stable. We analyze the Lindhard response function, phonon softening, mean-field parameters, and renormalized dispersions, on the basis of which the phase diagrams of the electron-phonon couplings in ZrTe$_5$ and HfTe$_5$ are calculated. The phase diagrams show that, if the chemical potential lies near the Weyl nodes, the TA phonon condensation will dominate and lead to the shear strain wave phase. We further reveal that when the wave vector of the particular phonon mode is smaller, the critical coupling strength will be weaker for the phonon condensation, which thus favors the condensation phase.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Unified paradigm for interface dynamics
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Menezes, R.
name: Oliveira, J. C. R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a common theoretical framework for the dynamics of thin featureless interfaces. We explicitly demonstrate that the same phase field and velocity dependent one-scale models characterizing the dynamics of relativistic domain walls, in a cosmological context, can also successfully describe, in a friction dominated regime, the dynamics of nonrelativistic interfaces in a wide variety of material systems. We further show that a statistical version of von Neumann's law applies in the case of scaling relativistic interface networks, implying that, although relativistic and nonrelativistic interfaces have very different dynamics, a single simulation snapshot is not able to clearly distinguish the two regimes. We highlight that crucial information is contained in the probability distribution function for the number of edges of domains bounded by the interface network and explain why laboratory tests with nonrelativistic interfaces can be used to rule out cosmological domain walls as a significant dark energy source.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
D4.4 Cost of critical components in CO2 capture processes
Creators: name: Cinti, Giovanni
name: Anantharaman, Rahul
name: De Lena, Edoardo
name: Fu, Chao
name: Gardarsdottir, Stefania Osk
name: Hoppe, Helmut
name: Jamali, Armin
name: Romano, Matteo
name: Roussanaly, Simon
name: Spinelli, Maurizio
name: Stallmann, Olaf
name: Voldsund, Mari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: CO2 capture
CCS
Cement
Cost estimation
CAPEX

description: In this deliverable the methodology for estimation of equipment costs and installation costs of critical process components is established. A brief overview of the costing method that will be used for standard process components is given, before more detailed descriptions of costing methodologies and assumptions are given for each of the non-standard components. The costing of the non-standard components is either based on experience and databases of the CEMCAP partners, or on information available in the literature.
Holographic description of Kerr-Bolt-AdS-dS Spacetimes
Creators: name: Chen, B.
name: Ghezelbash, A. M.
name: Kamali, V.
name: Setare, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there exists a holographic 2D CFT description of a Kerr-Bolt-AdS-dS spacetime. We first consider the wave equation of a massless scalar field propagating in extremal Kerr-Bolt-AdS-dS spacetimes and find in the "near region", the wave equation in extremal limit could be written in terms of the $SL(2,R)$ quadratic Casimir. This suggests that there exist dual CFT descriptions of these black holes. In the probe limit, we compute the scattering amplitudes of the scalar off the extremal black holes and find perfect agreement with the CFT prediction. Furthermore we study the holographic description of the generic four dimensional non-extremal Kerr-Bolt-AdS-dS black holes. We find that if focusing on the near-horizon region, for the massless scalar scattering in the low-frequency limit, the radial equation could still be rewritten as the $SL(2,R)$ quadratic Casimir, suggesting the existence of dual 2D description. We read the temperatures of the dual CFT from the conformal coordinates and obtain the central charges by studying the near-horizon geometry of near-extremal black holes. We recover the macroscopic entropy from the microscopic counting. We also show that for the superradiant scattering, the retarded Green's functions and the corresponding absorption cross sections are in perfect match with CFT prediction.
description: 17 pages, typos corrected, references added
G-essence with Yukawa Interactions
Creators: name: Kulnazarov, I.
name: Yerzhanov, K.
name: Razina, O.
name: Myrzakul, Sh.
name: Tsyba, P.
name: Myrzakulov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the g-essence model with Yukawa interactions between a scalar field $ϕ$ and a Dirac field $ψ$. For the homogeneous, isotropic and flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe filled with the such g-essence, the exact solution of the model is found. Moreover, we reconstruct the corresponding scalar and fermionic potentials which describe the coupled dynamics of the scalar and fermionic fields. It is shown that some particular g-essence models with Yukawa interactions correspond to the usual and generalized Chaplygin gas unified models of dark energy and dark matter. Also we present some scalar-fermionic Dirac-Born-Infeld models corresponding g-essence models with Yukawa interactions which again describe the unified dark energy-dark matter system.
description: 13 pages
Electromagnetic vacuum of complex media II: the Lamb shift and the total vacuum energy
Creators: name: Donaire, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physical content of the electromagnetic vacuum energy of a random medium made of atomic electric dipoles. First, we evaluate the contribution of statistical fluctuations to the average total vacuum energy, which is made out of the integration of the variations of the Lamb shift with respect to the coupling constant. While the Lamb shift is a function of the electrical susceptibility only, the vacuum energy is generally not. Second, we make clear why the effective medium bulk energy does not account for the total vacuum energy of a molecular dielectric. Consequently, the Lamb shift does not derive from the effective medium bulk energy except at leading order in the molecular density. The local field factors provide natural cutoffs for the spectrum of the total vacuum energy at a wavelength of the order of the correlation length. Third, we investigate to what extent shifts in the spectrum of the dielectric constant may be attributed to the binding energy of a dielectric. In particular, in the continuum approximation we have found a relation between the electrostatic binding energy and the Lorentz-Lorenz shift. Nonetheless, we conclude that the knowledge of the spectrum of the refractive index is insufficient either to quantify the energy of radiative modes or to estimate the electrostatic binding energy of molecular clusters.
description: Comments added, some sections rewritten
Conservative interacting particles system with anomalous rate of ergodicity
Creators: name: Brzeźniak, Zdzislaw
name: Flandoli, Franco
name: Neklyudov, Misha
name: Zegarliński, Boguslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze certain conservative interacting particle system and establish ergodicity of the system for a family of invariant measures. Furthermore, we show that convergence rate to equilibrium is exponential. This result is of interest because it presents counterexample to the standard assumption of physicists that conservative system implies polynomial rate of convergence.
description: 16 pages; In the previous version there was a mistake in the proof of uniqueness of weak Leray solution. Uniqueness had been claimed in a space of solutions which was too large (see remark 2.6 for more details). Now the mistake is corrected by introducing a new class of moderate solutions (see definition 2.10) where we have both existence and uniqueness
The Cauchy problem for a class of two-dimensional nonlocal nonlinear wave equations governing anti-plane shear motions in elastic materials
Creators: name: Erbay, H. A.
name: Erbay, S.
name: Erkip, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74H20, 74J30, 74B20

description: This paper is concerned with the analysis of the Cauchy problem of a general class of two-dimensional nonlinear nonlocal wave equations governing anti-plane shear motions in nonlocal elasticity. The nonlocal nature of the problem is reflected by a convolution integral in the space variables. The Fourier transform of the convolution kernel is nonnegative and satisfies a certain growth condition at infinity. For initial data in $L^{2}$ Sobolev spaces, conditions for global existence or finite time blow-up of the solutions of the Cauchy problem are established.
description: 15 pages. "Section 6 The Anisotropic Case" added and minor changes. Accepted for publication in Nonlinearity
Relative Lempel-Ziv Factorization for Efficient Storage and Retrieval of Web Collections
Creators: name: Hoobin, Christopher
name: Puglisi, Simon J.
name: Zobel, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compression techniques that support fast random access are a core component of any information system. Current state-of-the-art methods group documents into fixed-sized blocks and compress each block with a general-purpose adaptive algorithm such as GZIP. Random access to a specific document then requires decompression of a block. The choice of block size is critical: it trades between compression effectiveness and document retrieval times. In this paper we present a scalable compression method for large document collections that allows fast random access. We build a representative sample of the collection and use it as a dictionary in a LZ77-like encoding of the rest of the collection, relative to the dictionary. We demonstrate on large collections, that using a dictionary as small as 0.1% of the collection size, our algorithm is dramatically faster than previous methods, and in general gives much better compression.
description: VLDB2012
U(2,2) gravity on noncommutative space with symplectic structure
Creators: name: Miao, Yan-Gang
name: Xue, Zhao
name: Zhang, Shao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical Einstein's gravity can be reformulated from the constrained U(2,2) gauge theory on the ordinary (commutative) four-dimensional spacetime. Here we consider a noncommutative manifold with a symplectic structure and construct a U(2,2) gauge theory on such a manifold by using the covariant coordinate method. Then we use the Seiberg-Witten map to express noncommutative quantities in terms of their commutative counterparts up to the first-order in noncommutative parameters. After imposing constraints we obtain a noncommutative gravity theory described by the Lagrangian with up to nonvanishing first order corrections in noncommutative parameters. This result coincides with our previous one obtained for the noncommutative SL(2,C) gravity.
description: 13 pages, no figures; v2: 14 pages, clarifications and references added; v3: 16 pages, title changed, clarifications and references added; v4: 17 pages, clarifications added, this final version accepted by Physical Review D
Low-Rank Matrix Approximation with Weights or Missing Data is NP-hard
Creators: name: Gillis, Nicolas
name: Glineur, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Weighted low-rank approximation (WLRA), a dimensionality reduction technique for data analysis, has been successfully used in several applications, such as in collaborative filtering to design recommender systems or in computer vision to recover structure from motion. In this paper, we study the computational complexity of WLRA and prove that it is NP-hard to find an approximate solution, even when a rank-one approximation is sought. Our proofs are based on a reduction from the maximum-edge biclique problem, and apply to strictly positive weights as well as binary weights (the latter corresponding to low-rank matrix approximation with missing data).
description: Proof of Lemma 4 (Lemma 3 in v1) has been corrected. Some remarks and comments have been added. Accepted in SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications
On initial boundary value problems for variants of the Hunter-Saxton equation
Creators: name: Kohlmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35G31, 35B44, 35B65

description: The Hunter-Saxton equation serves as a mathematical model for orientation waves in a nematic liquid crystal. The present paper discusses a modified variant of this equation, coming up in the study of critical points for the speed of orientation waves, as well as a two-component extension. We establish well-posedness and blow-up results for some initial boundary value problems for the modified Hunter-Saxton equation and the two-component Hunter-Saxton system.
description: 14 pages
Blow-up and global existence for a general class of nonlocal nonlinear coupled wave equations
Creators: name: Duruk, N.
name: Erbay, H. A.
name: Erkip, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74H20, 74J30, 74B20

description: We study the initial-value problem for a general class of nonlinear nonlocal coupled wave equations. The problem involves convolution operators with kernel functions whose Fourier transforms are nonnegative. Some well-known examples of nonlinear wave equations, such as coupled Boussinesq-type equations arising in elasticity and in quasi-continuum approximation of dense lattices, follow from the present model for suitable choices of the kernel functions. We establish local existence and sufficient conditions for finite time blow-up and as well as global existence of solutions of the problem.
description: 11 pages. Minor changes and added references
Prospects for Antiproton Experiments at Fermilab
Creators: name: Kaplan, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermilab operates the world's most intense antiproton source. Newly proposed experiments can use those antiprotons either parasitically during Tevatron Collider running or after the end of the Tevatron Collider program. For example, the annihilation of 5 to 8 GeV antiprotons is expected to yield world-leading sensitivities to hyperon rare decays and CP violation. It could also provide the world's most intense source of tagged D^0 mesons, and thus the best near-term opportunity to study charm mixing and, via CP violation, to search for new physics. Other measurements that could be made include properties of the X(3872) and the charmonium system. An experiment using a Penning trap and an atom interferometer could make the world's most precise measurement of the gravitational force on antimatter. These and other potential measurements using antiprotons offer a great opportunity for a broad and exciting physics program at Fermilab in the post-Tevatron era.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proc. LEAP 2011, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada, April 27-May 1, 2011