cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EDUCATION LAW AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: POINTS OF CONTACT
Creators: name: Motta, Ivan Dias
name: CÁSSIO MARCELO MOCHI
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: No contradiction between education and sustainable development exist, as there is no educational process is not taken into consideration also educate, from our relationship with the environment. Within this perspective of analysis, which must exist in reality, and actually there is an intrinsic relationship between Educational Law, Environment and Sustainable Development. And as is characteristic of most modern democracies, certain issues need to be addressed from public policies, such as environmental education and its relationship to sustainable development, as these not only provide guidelines and principles, but provide objective conditions for State participation in response to issues that belong to everyone, characterized necessarily as diffuse rights.
Ending the prompt phase in photospheric models of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Alamaa, Filip
name: Daigne, Frédéric
name: Mochkovitch, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The early steep decay, a rapid decrease in X-ray flux as a function of time following the prompt emission, is a robust feature seen in almost all gamma-ray bursts with early enough X-ray observations. This peculiar phenomenon has often been explained as emission from high latitudes of the last flashing shell. However, in photospheric models of gamma-ray bursts, the timescale of high-latitude emission is generally short compared to the duration of the steep decay phase, and hence an alternative explanation is needed. In this paper, we show that the early steep decay can directly result from the final activity of the dying central engine. We find that the corresponding photospheric emission can reproduce both the temporal and spectral evolution observed. This requires a late-time behaviour that should be common to all GRB central engines, and we estimate the necessary evolution of the kinetic power and the Lorentz factor. If this interpretation is correct, observation of the early steep decay can grant us insights into the last stages of central activity, and provide new constraints on the late evolution of the Lorentz factor and photospheric radius.
description: Updated to match the published version. Discussion added regarding the progenitor systems. Main conclusions are unchanged
New examples of self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 derived from 2-(47,23,11) designs
Creators: name: Rukavina, Sanja
name: Tonchev, Vladimir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B05, 05B20, 94B05

description: In a recent paper [M. Araya, M. Harada, Some restrictions on the weight enumerators of near-extremal ternary self-dual codes and quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes, Des. Codes Cryptogr., 91 (2023), 1813--1843], Araya and Harada gave examples of self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 for $145$ distinct values of the number $A_{12}$ of codewords of minimum weight 12, and raised the question about the existence of codes for other values of $A_{12}$. In this note, we use symmetric 2-$(47,23,11)$ designs with an automorphism group of order 6 to construct self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 for $150$ new values of $A_{12}$.
description: 7 pages
Plasma treatment as an unconventional molecular magnet engineering method
Creators: name: Czernia, Dominik
name: Konieczny, Piotr
name: Perzanowski, Marcin
name: Pinkowicz, Dawid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular magnetism aims to design materials with unique properties at the molecular level, focusing on the systematic synthesis of new chemical compounds. In this paper, we propose an alternative route to engineer molecular magnetic materials through plasma irradiation. Our research indicates that the long-range magnetic order temperature in the three-dimensional $\mathrm{\{[Mn^{II}(H_2O)_2]_2[Nb^{IV}(CN)_8]\cdot 4H_2O\}_n}$ molecular ferrimagnet increases by 20 K after plasma treatment. The core structure of the compound does not reveal significant changes after plasma processing, as confirmed by the X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The observed results are attributed to the release of crystallized water molecules. The described procedure can serve as a viable approach to altering the magnetic properties of the molecular systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Sparse Quantum State Preparation for Strongly Correlated Systems
Creators: name: Feniou, C.
name: Adjoua, O.
name: Claudon, B.
name: Zylberman, J.
name: Giner, E.
name: Piquemal, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Computing allows, in principle, the encoding of the exponentially scaling many-electron wave function onto a linearly scaling qubit register, offering a promising solution to overcome the limitations of traditional quantum chemistry methods. An essential requirement for ground state quantum algorithms to be practical is the initialisation of the qubits to a high-quality approximation of the sought-after ground state. Quantum State Preparation (QSP) allows the preparation of approximate eigenstates obtained from classical calculations, but it is frequently treated as an oracle in quantum information. In this study, we conduct QSP on the ground state of prototypical strongly correlated systems, up to 28 qubits, using the Hyperion GPU-accelerated state-vector emulator. Various variational and non-variational methods are compared in terms of their circuit depth and classical complexity. Our results indicate that the recently developed Overlap-ADAPT-VQE algorithm offers the most advantageous performance for near-term applications.
title: Low collectivity of the first 2⁺ states of ²¹²,²¹⁰Po
Creators: name: Kocheva, D.
name: Rainovski, G.
name: Jolie, J.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Blazhev, A.
name: Astier, A.
name: Altenkirch, R.
name: Bast, M.
name: Beckers, M.
name: Ansari, S.
name: Braunroth, Th.
name: Cappellazzo, M.
name: Cortés, M.L.
name: Dewald, A.
name: Diel, F.
name: Djongolov, M.
name: Fransen, C.
name: Gladnishki, K.
name: Goldkuhle, A.
name: Hennig, A.
name: Karayonchev, V.
name: Keatings, J.M.
name: Kluge, E.
name: Kröll, Th.
name: Litzinger, J.
name: Moschner, K.
name: Müller-Gatermann, C.
name: Petkov, P.
name: Rudigier, M.
name: Scheck, M.
name: Spagnoletti, P.
name: Scholz, Ph.
name: Schmidt, T.
name: Spieker, M.
name: Stahl, C.
name: Stegmann, R.
name: Stolz, A.
name: Vogt, A.
name: Stoyanova, M.
name: Thöle, P.
name: Warr, N.
name: Werner, V.
name: Witt, W.
name: Wölk, D.
name: Zamora, J.C.
name: Zell, K.O.
name: Van Isacker, P.
name: Ponomarev, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: The lifetimes of the first 2⁺ excited states of ²¹²,²¹⁰Po were measured in two transfer reactions ²⁰⁸Pb(¹²C,⁸Be)²¹²Po and ²⁰⁸Pb(¹²C,¹⁰Be)²¹⁰Po by the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift (RDDS) method and by the Doppler Shift Attenuation method (DSAM), respectively. The derived absolute B(E2) values of 2.6(3) W.u. for ²¹²Po and 1.83(28) W.u. for ²¹⁰Po indicate low collectivity. It is shown that the properties of the yrast 2₁⁺, 4₁⁺, 6₁⁺ and 8₁⁺ states in both nuclei cannot be described consistently in the framework of nuclear shell models. It is also demonstrated in the case of ²¹⁰Po that Quasi-particle Phonon Model (QPM) calculations cannot overcome this problem thus indicating the existence of a peculiarity which is neglected in both theoretical approaches.
Advances in high-pressure laser floating zone growth: the Laser Optical Kristallmacher II
Creators: name: Alvarado, Steven J. Gomez
name: Zoghlin, Eli
name: Jackson, Azzedin
name: Kautzsch, Linus
name: Plumb, Jayden
name: Aling, Michael
name: Salinas, Andrea N. Capa
name: Pokharel, Ganesh
name: Pang, Yiming
name: Gomez, Reina M.
name: Daly, Samantha
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical floating zone crystal growth technique is a well-established method for obtaining large, high-purity single crystals. While the floating zone method has been constantly evolving for over six decades, the development of high-pressure (up to 1000 bar) growth systems has only recently been realized via the combination of laser-based heating sources with an all-metal chamber. While our inaugural high-pressure laser floating zone furnace design demonstrated the successful growth of new volatile and metastable phases, the furnace design faces several limitations with imaging quality, heating profile control, and chamber cooling power. Here, we present a second-generation design of the high-pressure laser floating zone furnace, "Laser Optical Kristallmacher II" (LOKII), and demonstrate that this redesign facilitates new advances in crystal growth by highlighting several exemplar materials: $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$, $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$, and La$_2$CuO$_{4+δ}$. Notably, for La$_2$CuO$_{4+δ}$, we demonstrate the feasibility and long-term stability of traveling solvent floating zone growth under a record pressure of 700 bar.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
General relativistic dynamical tides in binary inspirals, without modes
Creators: name: Pitre, Tristan
name: Poisson, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A neutron star in an inspiraling binary system is tidally deformed by its companion, and the effect leaves a measurable imprint on the emitted gravitational waves. While the tidal interaction falls within the regime of static tides during the early stages of inspiral, a regime of dynamical tides takes over in the later stages. The description of dynamical tides found in the literature makes integral use of a spectral representation of the tidal deformation, in which it is expressed as a sum over the star's normal modes of vibration. This description is deeply rooted in Newtonian fluid mechanics and gravitation, and we point out that considerable obstacles manifest themselves in an extension to general relativity. To remedy this we propose an alternative, mode-less description of dynamical tides that can be formulated in both Newtonian and relativistic mechanics. Our description is based on a time-derivative expansion of the tidal dynamics. The tidal deformation is characterized by two sets of Love numbers: the static Love numbers $k_\ell$ and the dynamic Love numbers $\ddot{k}_\ell$. These are computed here for polytropic stellar models in both Newtonian gravity and general relativity. The time-derivative expansion of the tidal dynamics seems to preclude any attempt to capture an approach to resonance, which occurs when the frequency of the tidal field becomes equal to a normal-mode frequency. To overcome this limitation we propose a pragmatic extension of the time-derivative expansion which does capture an approach to resonance. We demonstrate that with this extension, our formulation of dynamical tides should be just as accurate as the $f$-mode truncation of the mode representation, in which the sum over modes is truncated to a single term involving the star's fundamental mode of vibration.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, matches published version
USE OF TRAINEES WITHOUT WORK OF COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS: REAL LEARNING OR EMPLOYMENT DISGUISED?
Creators: name: Caetano, José Ricardo Costa
name: EDER DION DE PAULA COSTA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article, research results conducted by the judiciary in Pelotas, aims to assess the applicability or not of Law No. 11,788 / 08. We conducted several interviews with trainees Common Justice, Federal Court and the Labor Court in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, whose research instrument verified that the main stage of the law's requirements were being met by public entities that hire this work in the form stage. Therefore, the institutes was used of labor law, which support and characterize the employment relationship and attempts to demonstrate that the major share of the cases examined it is not stage, but the employment contract even if hidden under the stage mantle.
title: If Vocational Education and Training is the answer, what was the question? : theorising public policy and the behaviour of citizens
title: theorising public policy and the behaviour of citizens
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zoellner, Donald
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2013

description: Australian technical and vocational training is an under-theorised, publicly-funded activity that is frequently contested between the State and Commonwealth levels of government, partly in response to the federalist nature of the Australian Constitution. In making policy and political decisions, training is irresistible to these governments. The Northern Territory of Australia provides the site for this narrative summary due to the parallel development of State-type government and the national system of vocational education and training as a sector separate from schools or universities. It is proposed that vocational education and training’s flexibility and useful social role has arisen because it was defined by what it was not. This story identifies how a banal industry-led common sense system has been sanctioned by governments to enact a set of power relationships that conduct the behaviour of the Australian population in a manner that ignores the headline reason for its existence – the formation of technical and vocational skills required for national prosperity in a highly competitive globalised economy. The discursive formation of the unique Australian citizen-worker-consumer, who must make themself transparent to government, is also built upon a rationality of absence. The training scheme demonstrates an extraordinary capacity to absorb and simultaneously hold a wide variety of theoretical positions that are frequently incompatible with each other. The system’s famous intricacy and usefulness in public policy arises from its ability to be ‘both-and’ rather than ‘either-or’. The vocational education and training system serves to mediate the complex web of power/knowledge relationships between the citizens and those who are elected to govern. These connexions, considered to be the best form of social welfare, are based upon a social contract in which governments ensure the availability of jobs and individuals must continuously train in order to be employed.
Bridging Learnersourcing and AI: Exploring the Dynamics of Student-AI Collaborative Feedback Generation
Creators: name: Singh, Anjali
name: Brooks, Christopher
name: Wang, Xu
name: Li, Warren
name: Kim, Juho
name: Pandey, Deepti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper explores the space of optimizing feedback mechanisms in complex domains, such as data science, by combining two prevailing approaches: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and learnersourcing. Towards addressing the challenges posed by each approach, this work compares traditional learnersourcing with an AI-supported approach. We report on the results of a randomized controlled experiment conducted with 72 Master's level students in a data visualization course, comparing two conditions: students writing hints independently versus revising hints generated by GPT-4. The study aimed to evaluate the quality of learnersourced hints, examine the impact of student performance on hint quality, gauge learner preference for writing hints with or without AI support, and explore the potential of the student-AI collaborative exercise in fostering critical thinking about LLMs. Based on our findings, we provide insights for designing learnersourcing activities leveraging AI support and optimizing students' learning as they interact with LLMs.
Management of Electronic Journals using Fuzzy AHP Methodology
Creators: name: Stefano, Nara Medianeira
name: Filho, Nelson Casarotto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Computer Engineering
Applied Computer Science

description: This work aims to evaluate the management of
electronic scientific journals using the IC approach. A hybrid mathematical methodology with the integration of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy process (FAHP) was used. The FAHP method was applied to calculate the relative weights of the criteria/sub-criteria selected that affect their management. The
results indicated that the Human Capital was appointed as one of the aspects that most (60%) influences the management of a periodical. Regarding criteria, the most influential ones are
Article normalization; Article quality; Knowledge of those involved; Recognition for the work of referees and contributors; Teamwork Accuracy of published information and Visibility. So, this work is expected to contribute to improvement in the management of electronic scientific journals and to provide competitive advantages.
The MEGARA view of outflows in LINERs
Creators: name: Muñoz, L. Hermosa
name: Cazzoli, S.
name: Márquez, I.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: Chamorro-Cazorla, M.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Castillo-Morales, Á.
name: Gallego, J.
name: Carrasco, E.
name: Iglesias-Páramo, J.
name: García-Vargas, M. L.
name: Gómez-Álvarez, P.
name: Pascual, S.
name: Pérez-Calpena, A.
name: Cardiel, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows are believed to be ubiquitous in all AGNs, although their presence in low luminosity AGNs, in particular, for LINERs, has only started to be explored. Their properties (geometry, mass and energetics) are still far from being properly characterised. We use integral field spectroscopic data from the MEGARA instrument, at GTC, to analyse a small sample of nine LINERs, candidates of hosting ionised gas outflows. We aim to study the main emission lines in the optical to identify their properties and physical origin. We obtained data cubes at the lowest (R$\sim$6000) and highest (R$\sim$20000) spectral resolution of MEGARA. We modelled and subtracted the stellar continuum to obtain the ionised gas contribution, and then fitted the emission lines to extract their kinematics (velocity and velocity dispersion). We identified outflows as a secondary component in the emission lines. The primary component of the emission lines was typically associated to gas in the galactic disc. For some objects, there is an enhanced-$σ$ region co-spatial with the secondary component. We associated it to turbulent gas produced due to the interaction with the outflows. We find signatures of outflows in six LINERs, with mass outflow rates ranging from 0.004 to 0.4 M$_{sun}$yr$^{-1}$ and energy rates from $\sim$10$^{38}$ to $\sim$10$^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Their mean electronic density is 600cm$^{-3}$, extending to distances of $\sim$400 pc at an (absolute) velocity of $\sim$340 km s$^{-1}$ (on average). They tend to be compact and unresolved, although for some sources they are extended with a bubble-like morphology. Our results confirm the existence of outflows in the best LINER candidates identified using previous long-slit spectroscopic and imaging data. These outflows do not follow the scaling relations obtained for more luminous AGNs. For some objects we discuss jets as the main drivers of the outflows
description: 31 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Coral biomonitoring of a macrotidal harbour in the wet/dry tropics; Darwin, North Australia
Creators: name: Antwertinger, Yasmin Johari
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2011

description: Corals can potentially provide years or possibly centuries of information on trace element concentrations and reef health. However, coral bio-monitoring studies have been limited by a lack of understanding of coral calcification mechanisms. In addition almost all studies have been performed in impacted environments on a small number of different species. This study aimed to broaden the applicability of coral bio-monitoring showing that, Favids (Goniastrea aspera and Platygyra sinensis), may be used to monitor reef health and trace element concentrations in near pristine, fringing reef environments. During the initial analysis it was confirmed that Goniastrea aspera and Platygyra sinensis contained readily datable annual density bands despite the small seasonal differences in SST and the stressful conditions experienced in Darwin Harbour. Goniastra aspera and P. sinensis corals responded to environmental stressors, showing reduced tissue layer thickness, extension and calcification rates at the most freshwater and sediment affected sites. These analyses included the first study of tissue layer thickness measurements in Favid corals. Favids from all zones in Darwin Harbour and Heron Island also showed clear declines in calcification rate over the study period (1994-2003), possibly due to ocean acidification. This decline is in agreement with a decline attributed to ocean acidification on the northern – GBR. Favids were also found to be well adapted to the harsh fringing reef environment of Darwin Harbour in contrast to Porites spp., which were almost completely absent from Darwin Harbour intertidal reefs. Using distribution coefficients calculated from elemental analyses of Favids and seawater it was concluded that copper, manganese and lead are taken up by corals without significant bio-regulation and are most likely aragonite bound, whilst aluminium is discriminated against and zinc is possibly bioaccumulated. Coral trace element concentrations were also found to agree with seawater and sediment concentrations indicating the presence of low level metal pollution in the slightly impacted, Darwin city and wharf foreshore areas. However, the majority of Darwin Harbour was found to be near pristine, with little change occurring over the last ~100years. This study has shown that G. aspera and P. sinensis corals are useful bio-monitors of environmental health, and may also provide reliable trace element records provided that trace element uptake and incorporation is understood for the specific trace elements analysed.
The garden metaphor for community management: Essays and reflection questions to unlock your community programming through metaphor
Creators: name: Pratt, Katie
name: Woodley, Lou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This is the second of three booklets we are releasing in 2023/24, each of which consists of several parts where we set up a metaphor and then go deeper into some of the community management challenges that the metaphor is best placed to unpack, with some reflections questions to support you at the end of each section. Each series of essays was originally posted on the CSCCE blog, and then discussed at one of our monthly community calls. If you have any feedback, or would like to let us know how you've been using metaphors to guide your work, please email us: info@cscce.org. We'd love to hear from you! 

About CSCCE

The Center for Scientific Collaboration and Community Engagement (CSCCE) champions the importance of human infrastructure for effective collaboration in STEM. We provide training and support for the people who make scientific collaborations succeed at scale - and we also research the impact of these emerging roles. Find out more about us on our website: CSCCE.org
Curvature of the energy per particle in neutron stars
Creators: name: Marczenko, Michał
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars (NSs) serve as laboratories for probing strongly interacting matter at the most extreme densities. Their inner cores are expected to be dense enough to host deconfined quark matter. Utilizing state-of-the-art theoretical and multi-messenger constraints, we statistically determine the bulk properties of dense NS matter. We show that the speed of sound can be expressed in terms of the slope and curvature of the energy per particle. We demonstrate that the restoration of conformal symmetry requires changing the sign of the curvature of the bulk energy per particle as a function of energy density. Furthermore, we find that such a sign change is closely related to the peak in the speed of sound. We argue that the curvature of the energy per particle may serve as an approximate order parameter that signifies the onset of strongly coupled conformal matter in the NS core.
description: corrected references
Virtual Speed of Neutrino
Creators: name: Arnab Shome
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently opera researchers found neutrino is travelling faster than light thus violating special theory of relativity.Here I have tried to show that it can also be explained without violating special theory of relativity.(This article is published in viXra in the year 2012).
A little bit meta - meta events, peripheral participation and data | S|M| i |L|E.pdf
Creators: name: Greaves, Kristoffer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Education

description: Blog post - treating live blogging and live tweeting from conferences and fora as a meta-event. Engaging with the meta-event as a peripheral participant, and as data. Using computer-aided qualitative data analysis software (NVivo10 and NCapture) to capture and analyse social media, with examples.
Three-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}$ topological insulators without reflection symmetry
Creators: name: Tyner, Alexander C.
name: Juričić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent decades, the Altland-Zirnabuer (AZ) table has proven incredibly powerful in delineating constraints for topological classification of a given band-insulator based on dimension and (nonspatial) symmetry class, and has also been expanded by considering additional crystalline symmetries. Nevertheless, realizing a three-dimensional (3D), time-reversal symmetric (class AII) topological insulator (TI) in the absence of reflection symmetries, with a classification beyond the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ paradigm remains an open problem. In this work we present a general procedure for constructing such systems within the framework of projected topological branes (PTBs). In particular, a 3D projected brane from a "parent" four-dimensional topological insulator exhibits a $\mathbb{Z}$ topological classification, corroborated through its response to the inserted bulk monopole loop. More generally, PTBs have been demonstrated to be an effective route to performing dimensional reduction and embedding the topology of a $(d+1)$-dimensional "parent" Hamiltonian in $d$ dimensions, yielding lower-dimensional topological phases beyond the AZ classification without additional symmetries. Our findings should be relevant for the metamaterial platforms, such as photonic and phonic crystals, topolectric circuits, and designer systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published version
Continuous-time open quantum walks in one dimension: matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials and Lindblad generators
Creators: name: Loebens, Newton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study continuous-time open quantum walks in one dimension through a matrix representation, focusing on nearest-neighbor transitions for which an associated weight matrix exists. Statistics such as site recurrence are studied in terms of matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials and explicit calculations are obtained for classes of Lindblad generators that model quantum versions of birth-death processes. Emphasis is given to the technical distinction between the cases of a finite or infinite number of vertices. Recent results for open quantum walks are adapted in order to apply the folding trick to continuous-time birth-death chains on the integers. Finally, we investigate the matrix-valued Stieltjes transform associated to the weights.
Community recommendations on cryoEM data archiving and validation
Creators: name: Kleywegt, Gerard J.
name: Adams, Paul D.
name: Butcher, Sarah J.
name: Lawson, Cathy
name: Rohou, Alexis
name: Rosenthal, Peter B.
name: Subramaniam, Sriram
name: Topf, Maya
name: Abbott, Sanja
name: Baldwin, Philip R.
name: Berrisford, John M.
name: Bricogne, Gérard
name: Choudhary, Preeti
name: Croll, Tristan I.
name: Danev, Radostin
name: Ganesan, Sai J.
name: Grant, Timothy
name: Gutmanas, Aleksandras
name: Henderson, Richard
name: Heymann, J. Bernard
name: Huiskonen, Juha T.
name: Istrate, Andrei
name: Kato, Takayuki
name: Lander, Gabriel C.
name: Lok, Shee-Mei
name: Ludtke, Steven J.
name: Murshudov, Garib N.
name: Pye, Ryan
name: Pintilie, Grigore D.
name: Richardson, Jane S.
name: Sachse, Carsten
name: Salih, Osman
name: Scheres, Sjors H. W.
name: Schroeder, Gunnar F.
name: Sorzano, Carlos Oscar S.
name: Stagg, Scott M.
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Warshamanage, Rangana
name: Westbrook, John D.
name: Winn, Martyn D.
name: Young, Jasmine Y.
name: Burley, Stephen K.
name: Hoch, Jeffrey C.
name: Kurisu, Genji
name: Morris, Kyle
name: Patwardhan, Ardan
name: Velankar, Sameer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In January 2020, a workshop was held at EMBL-EBI (Hinxton, UK) to discuss data requirements for deposition and validation of cryoEM structures, with a focus on single-particle analysis. The meeting was attended by 45 experts in data processing, model building and refinement, validation, and archiving of such structures. This report describes the workshop's motivation and history, the topics discussed, and consensus recommendations resulting from the workshop. Some challenges for future methods-development efforts in this area are also highlighted, as is the implementation to date of some of the recommendations.
description: Outcomes of a wwPDB/EMDB workshop on cryoEM data management, deposition and validation
Spectroscopic and Photometric Study of the Asymptotic Giant Branch Star T Cephei
Creators: name: Boyd, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopy and photometry of the Asymptotic Giant Branch star T Cephei were recorded concurrently on 36 nights during its 387 day pulsation cycle in 2022. Photometry was used to calibrate all spectra in absolute flux. We report on the variation of B and V magnitudes, B-V colour index, spectral type, effective temperature and Balmer emission line flux during one complete pulsation cycle.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of the AAVSO. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2107.10061
Transnational Education in Greece: A driver of economic recovery?
Creators: name: Tsiligiris, Vangelis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics
Education

description: Transnational education is helping position Greece as a key study destination, attracting thousands of students from around the world to Greek campuses and ultimately improving the country's economy. However, much groundwork needs to be done to fulfil the country's true potential for transnational education.
Impacts of hexadecapole deformations on the collective energy spectra of axially deformed nuclei
Creators: name: Lotina, L.
name: Nomura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hexadecapole deformation, as well as the quadrupole one, influences the low-lying states of finite nuclei. The hexadecapole correlations are often overshadowed by the large quadrupole effects, and hence have not been much investigated. Here we address the relevance of hexadecapole deformations in the calculations of low-energy collective states of heavy nuclei, by using the theoretical framework of the self-consistent mean-field method and the interacting-boson approximation. The interacting-boson Hamiltonian that explicitly includes the quadrupole and hexadecapole collective degrees of freedom is specified by a choice of the energy density functional and pairing interaction. In an illustrative application to axially deformed Gd isotopes, it is shown that the inclusion of the hexadecapole degree of freedom does not affect most of the low-spin and low-lying states qualitatively, but that has notable effects in that it significantly improves the description of high-spin states of the ground-state bands of nearly spherical vibrational nuclei and gives rise to $K^π=4^+$ bands exhibiting strong $E4$ transitions in strongly deformed nuclei.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Simple Lévy-$α$ stable model analysis of elastic $pp$ and $p\bar p$ low-$|t|$ data from SPS to LHC energies
Creators: name: Csörgő, T.
name: Hegyi, S.
name: Szanyi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple Lévy-$α$ stable (SL) model is used to describe the data on elastic $pp$ and $p\bar p$ scattering at low-$|t|$ from SPS energies up to LHC energies. The SL model is demonstrated to describe the data with a strong non-exponential feature in a statistically acceptable manner. The energy dependence of the parameters of the model is determined and analyzed. The Lévy $α$ parameter of the model has an energy-independent value of 1.959 $\pm$ 0.002 following from the strong non-exponential behavior of the data. We strengthen the conclusion that the discrepancy between TOTEM and ATLAS elastic $pp$ differential cross section measurements arises only in the normalization and not in the shape of the distribution of the data as a function of $t$. We find that the slope parameter has different values for $pp$ and $p\bar p$ elastic scattering at LHC energies. This may be the effect of the odderon exchange or the jump in the energy dependence of the slope parameter in the energy interval 3 GeV $\lesssim \sqrt s \lesssim$ 4 GeV.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; presented at ISMD 2023; an extended introduction and an appendix are added
Emergence of innovations in networked populations with reputation-driven interactions
Creators: name: Gallarta-Sáenz, Pablo
name: Pérez-Martínez, Hugo
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze how reputation-based interactions influence the emergence of innovations. To do so, we make use of a dynamic model that mimics the discovery process by which, at each time step, a pair of individuals meet and merge their knowledge to eventually result in a novel technology of higher value. The way in which these pairs are brought together is found to be crucial for achieving the highest technological level. Our results show that when the influence of reputation is weak or moderate, it induces an acceleration of the discovery process with respect to the neutral case (purely random coupling). However, an excess of reputation is clearly detrimental, because it leads to an excessive concentration of knowledge in a small set of people, which prevents a diversification of the technologies discovered and, in addition, leads to societies in which a majority of individuals lack technical capabilities.
Shedding light on charmonium
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiguo
name: Li, Meijian
name: Li, Yang
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate E1 radiative transitions within charmonium in a relativistic approach based on light-front QCD. In quantum field theory, two sets of processes are pure E1: $χ_{c0} \to J/ψγ$ ($ψ\to χ_{c0}γ$) and $h_c \to η_cγ$ ($η_c' \to h_cγ$), both involving the $P$-wave charmonia. We compute the E1 radiative decay widths as well as the corresponding transition form factors of various processes including those involving $2P$ states. These observables provide an access to the microscopic structures of the $P$-wave charmonium. We show that our parameter-free predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements as well as lattice simulations whenever available.
description: Values of decay widths are provided in the supplementary file
Unveiling Luminous Ly$α$ Emitters at $z\approx6$ through JWST/NIRCam Imaging in the COSMOS Field
Creators: name: Ning, Yuanhang
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Lin, Xiaojing
name: Zheng, Zhen-Ya
name: Feng, Xiaotong
name: Li, Mingyu
name: Li, Qiong
name: Spinoso, Daniele
name: Wu, Yunjing
name: Zhang, Haibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a sample of 14 spectroscopically confirmed Ly$α$ Emitters (LAEs) in the late era of reionization (at redshift $z\approx6$) based on the JWST/NIRCam imaging dataset. These LAEs with high Ly$α$ luminosity of $L$(Ly$α$) $\sim10^{42.4-43.4}$ erg s$^{-1}$ have been covered by the (ongoing) COSMOS-Web survey (Kartaltepe et al. 2021; Casey et al. 2022) over $0.28$ deg$^2$ in four NIRCam bands (F115W, F150W, F277W, and F444W). With JWST imaging, we determine the UV continua with $M_{\rm UV}$ ranging from ${-}20.5$ to ${-}18.5$ mag. The UV slopes have a median value of $β\approx-2.35$, and the steepest slope can reach $β<-3$. Under an excellent spatial resolution of JWST, we identify three out of the sample as potential merging/interacting systems. The 14 LAEs (and their components) are compact in morphology residing substantially below the mass-size relation of high-$z$ galaxies. We further investigate the stellar mass ($M_*$) and star-formation rates (SFRs). Most of the LAEs lie on the SFR-$M_*$ main-sequence relation while two of them featured as "little red dots" likely host active galactic nuclei (AGN), implying a ${\sim}10\%$ AGN fraction. Moreover, we reveal that a new correlation may exist between Ly$α$ equivalent width and the offset between Ly$α$ and UV emission ($Δd_{\rm Lyα}$) with a median $Δd_{\rm Lyα} \sim 1$ kpc. This could be explained by Ly$α$ radiative transfer process in both ISM and CGM. The results usher a new era of detailed analysis on high-$z$ LAEs with the JWST capability.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJL
INTER-CITY BUS SERVICE QUALITY AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF TRAVELERS: A CASE OF LONG-DISTANCE ROUTES IN PAKISTAN
Creators: name: Abaid Ur Rehman, Samina Aisha
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Overall Service
Availability of bus stop
Long distance travelers
Bus service quality
Psychology well-being of travelers
Punctuality
Intercity travel.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 11, 8, 11A8D: 1-9
Impact of the Fizeau drag effect on Goos-Hänchen shifts in graphene
Creators: name: Din, Rafi Ud
name: Shah, Muzamil
name: Asgari, Reza
name: Xianlong, Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Goos-Hänchen shifts in reflection for a light beam within a graphene structure, utilizing the Fizeau drag effect induced by its massless Dirac electrons in incident light. The magnitudes of spatial and angular shifts for a light beam propagating against the direction of drifting electrons are significantly enhanced, while shifts for a beam co-propagating with the drifting electrons are suppressed. The Goos-Hänchen shifts exhibit augmentation with increasing drift velocities of electrons in graphene. The impact of incident wavelength on the angular and spatial shifts in reflection is discussed. Furthermore, the study highlights the crucial roles of the density of charged particles in graphene, the particle relaxation time, and the thickness of the graphene in manipulating the drag-affected Goos-Hänchen shifts. This investigation offers valuable insights for efficiently guiding light in graphene structures under the influence of the Fizeau drag effect.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Prevention of acute respiratory infections among Indigenous infant of the Northern Territory
Creators: name: Binks, Michael
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2014

description: Indigenous children in the Northern Territory experience a disproportionately high burden of respiratory infectious diseases associated with conditions favouring microbial transmission and endemic carriage of respiratory pathogens. The lack of a substantive impact in the prevalence of respiratory diseases over the last two decades highlights the ongoing need for improvements in health equity for Indigenous Australians. This thesis investigates the impact of maternal pneumococcal vaccination against, and the influence of maternal/infant vitamin D insufficiency on, the risk of infant respiratory infections. Novel vaccination and supplementation strategies have the potential to be translated into practice. Principal findings: 1. In a randomised controlled trial of maternal pneumococcal vaccination for the prevention of infant middle ear disease, receiving the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in pregnancy: a. Stimulated a strong maternal vaccine serotype-specific antibody response in both blood and breast milk. b. Had a non-significant impact on overall infant ear disease and/or nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine serotypes. c. Reduced the prevalence of ear disease associated with concurrent carriage of vaccine serotypes (a more specific outcome). d. Had a non-significant impact on the incidence of infant acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) hospitalisations. 2. In a prospective cohort of Indigenous mothers and their infants, cord blood vitamin D insufficiency was common at birth and cord blood concentrations were lower among infants subsequently hospitalised with an ALRI compared to infants who were not. 3. In a cross-section of hospitalised Indigenous and non-Indigenous children, vitamin D insufficiency was unexpectedly less common among those with ALRI diagnoses compared to non-ALRI diagnoses (predominantly gastroenteritis). While the data presented in this thesis need to be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes and limited significance, the findings suggest that maternal pneumococcal vaccination or vitamin D supplementation may have potential as interventions for the prevention of infant respiratory infections. These data lay a strong foundation for the cohort studies or clinical trials necessary to allow informed decisions regarding the future use of these strategies in routine practice.
Active Learning approach to simulations of Strongly Correlated Matter with the Ghost Gutzwiller Approximation
Creators: name: Frank, Marius S.
name: Artiukhin, Denis G.
name: Lee, Tsung-Han
name: Yao, Yongxin
name: Barros, Kipton
name: Christiansen, Ove
name: Lanatà, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum embedding (QE) methods such as the Ghost Gutzwiller Approximation (gGA) offer a powerful approach to simulating strongly-correlated systems, but come with the computational bottleneck of computing the ground state of an auxiliary embedding Hamiltonian (EH) iteratively. In this work, we introduce an active learning (AL) framework integrated within the gGA to address this challenge. The methodology is applied to the single-band Hubbard model and results in a significant reduction in the number of instances where the EH must be solved. Through a principal component analysis (PCA), we find that the EH parameters form a low-dimensional structure that is largely independent of the geometric specifics of the systems, especially in the strongly-correlated regime. Our AL strategy enables us to discover this low-dimensionality structure on the fly, while leveraging it for reducing the computational cost of gGA, laying the groundwork for more efficient simulations of complex strongly-correlated materials.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Formulation of discontinuous Galerkin method with non-zero mesh skeleton width for scalar and vector elliptic problems
Creators: name: Jaskowiec, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The paper presents the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DG) formulated with a non-zero mesh skeleton width. The mesh skeleton has a finite volume but is not spatially discretized. Such an approach results in a novel formulation with inter-element interfaces which is named Interface Discontinuous Galerkin (IDG). The IDG approach, contrary to standard DG (SDG) approach, is symmetric and numerically stable.
The IDG formulation is consistent and gives better results in comparison to the SDG method. In the IDG approach the interface law comes directly from the problem under consideration and has a physical interpretation.
It provides compatibility conditions for the discontinuous finite element interpolation. In consequence, the penalty parameter present in the SDG method is substituted by a geometrically interpreted parameter that can be quite easily evaluated with the use of the approach described in the paper.
Avoiding matrix exponentials for large transition rate matrices
Creators: name: Pessoa, Pedro
name: Schweiger, Max
name: Presse, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exact methods for exponentiation of matrices of dimension $N$ can be computationally expensive in terms of execution time ($N^{3}$) and memory requirements ($N^{2}$) not to mention numerical precision issues. A type of matrix often exponentiated in the sciences is the rate matrix. Here we explore five methods to exponentiate rate matrices some of which apply even more broadly to other matrix types. Three of the methods leverage a mathematical analogy between computing matrix elements of a matrix exponential and computing transition probabilities of a dynamical processes (technically a Markov jump process, MJP, typically simulated using Gillespie). In doing so, we identify a novel MJP-based method relying on restricting the number of "trajectory" jumps based on the magnitude of the matrix elements with favorable computational scaling. We then discuss this method's downstream implications on mixing properties of Monte Carlo posterior samplers. We also benchmark two other methods of matrix exponentiation valid for any matrix (beyond rate matrices and, more generally, positive definite matrices) related to solving differential equations: Runge-Kutta integrators and Krylov subspace methods. Under conditions where both the largest matrix element and the number of non-vanishing elements scale linearly with $N$ -- reasonable conditions for rate matrices often exponentiated -- computational time scaling with the most competitive methods (Krylov and one of the MJP-based methods) reduces to $N^2$ with total memory requirements of $N$.