cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation in the Wild
Creators: name: Zhang, Xucong
name: Sugano, Yusuke
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Bulling, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Appearance-based gaze estimation is believed to work well in real-world settings, but existing datasets have been collected under controlled laboratory conditions and methods have been not evaluated across multiple datasets. In this work we study appearance-based gaze estimation in the wild. We present the MPIIGaze dataset that contains 213,659 images we collected from 15 participants during natural everyday laptop use over more than three months. Our dataset is significantly more variable than existing ones with respect to appearance and illumination. We also present a method for in-the-wild appearance-based gaze estimation using multimodal convolutional neural networks that significantly outperforms state-of-the art methods in the most challenging cross-dataset evaluation. We present an extensive evaluation of several state-of-the-art image-based gaze estimation algorithms on three current datasets, including our own. This evaluation provides clear insights and allows us to identify key research challenges of gaze estimation in the wild.
title: Corpus callosum MRI findings: Raise the enigma
Creators: name: Gargouri, Marwa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Congenital
subject: Cancer
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Normal variants
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Anatomy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The corpus callosum is one of the three inter hemispheric commissures (anterior commissure, hippocampal commissure and the corpus callusom). It is the greatest of them; its role is inter hemispheric connection and coordination. In the...
Learning Optimal Personalized Treatment Rules in Consideration of Benefit and Risk: With an Application to Treating Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Insulin Therapies
Creators: name: Fu, H.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: American Statistical Association
Year: 2018

description: Individualized medical decision making is often complex due to patient treatment response heterogeneity. Pharmacotherapy may exhibit distinct efficacy and safety profiles for different patient populations. An “optimal” treatment that maximizes clinical benefit for a patient may also lead to concern of safety due to a high risk of adverse events. Thus, to guide individualized clinical decision making and deliver optimal tailored treatments, maximizing clinical benefit should be considered in the context of controlling for potential risk. In this work, we propose two approaches to identify personalized optimal treatment strategy that maximizes clinical benefit under a constraint on the average risk. We derive the theoretical optimal treatment rule under the risk constraint and draw an analogy to the Neyman–Pearson lemma to prove the theorem. We present algorithms that can be easily implemented by any off-the-shelf quadratic programming package. We conduct extensive simulation studies to show satisfactory risk control when maximizing the clinical benefit. Finally, we apply our method to a randomized trial of type 2 diabetes patients to guide optimal utilization of the first line insulin treatments based on individual patient characteristics while controlling for the rate of hypoglycemia events. We identify baseline glycated hemoglobin level, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose as three key factors among 18 biomarkers to differentiate treatment assignments, and demonstrate a successful control of the risk of hypoglycemia in both the training and testing dataset. © 2018 American Statistical Association.
Augmented outcome-weighted learning for estimating optimal dynamic treatment regimens
Creators: name: Zhao, Y.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Kosorok, M.R.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Liu, Y.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Dynamic treatment regimens (DTRs) are sequential treatment decisions tailored by patient's evolving features and intermediate outcomes at each treatment stage. Patient heterogeneity and the complexity and chronicity of many diseases call for learning optimal DTRs that can best tailor treatment according to each individual's time-varying characteristics (eg, intermediate response over time). In this paper, we propose a robust and efficient approach referred to as Augmented Outcome-weighted Learning (AOL) to identify optimal DTRs from sequential multiple assignment randomized trials. We improve previously proposed outcome-weighted learning to allow for negative weights. Furthermore, to reduce the variability of weights for numeric stability and improve estimation accuracy, in AOL, we propose a robust augmentation to the weights by making use of predicted pseudooutcomes from regression models for Q-functions. We show that AOL still yields Fisher-consistent DTRs even if the regression models are misspecified and that an appropriate choice of the augmentation guarantees smaller stochastic errors in value function estimation for AOL than the previous outcome-weighted learning. Finally, we establish the convergence rates for AOL. The comparative advantage of AOL over existing methods is demonstrated through extensive simulation studies and an application to a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial for major depressive disorder.
(102534) Ada King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Asymptotic optimality of myopic information-based strategies for Bayesian adaptive estimation
Creators: name: Kujala, Janne V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a general asymptotic theory of sequential Bayesian estimation giving results for the strongest, almost sure convergence. We show that under certain smoothness conditions on the probability model, the greedy information gain maximization algorithm for adaptive Bayesian estimation is asymptotically optimal in the sense that the determinant of the posterior covariance in a certain neighborhood of the true parameter value is asymptotically minimal. Using this result, we also obtain an asymptotic expression for the posterior entropy based on a novel definition of almost sure convergence on "most trials" (meaning that the convergence holds on a fraction of trials that converges to one). Then, we extend the results to a recently published framework, which generalizes the usual adaptive estimation setting by allowing different trial placements to be associated with different, random costs of observation. For this setting, the author has proposed the heuristic of maximizing the expected information gain divided by the expected cost of that placement. In this paper, we show that this myopic strategy satisfies an analogous asymptotic optimality result when the convergence of the posterior distribution is considered as a function of the total cost (as opposed to the number of observations).
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/14-BEJ670 in the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Mixture drug-count response model for the high-dimensional drug combinatory effect on myopathy
Creators: name: Shen, L.
name: Feng, W.
name: Quinney, S.K.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wu, H.
name: Li, L.
name: Wang, X.
name: Wang, L.
name: Ning, X.
name: Chiang, C.-W.
name: Zhang, P.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a common cause of adverse drug events (ADEs). The electronic medical record (EMR) database and the FDA's adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database are the major data sources for mining and testing the ADE associated DDI signals. Most DDI data mining methods focus on pair-wise drug interactions, and methods to detect high-dimensional DDIs in medical databases are lacking. In this paper, we propose 2 novel mixture drug-count response models for detecting high-dimensional drug combinations that induce myopathy. The “count” indicates the number of drugs in a combination. One model is called fixed probability mixture drug-count response model with a maximum risk threshold (FMDRM-MRT). The other model is called count-dependent probability mixture drug-count response model with a maximum risk threshold (CMDRM-MRT), in which the mixture probability is count dependent. Compared with the previous mixture drug-count response model (MDRM) developed by our group, these 2 new models show a better likelihood in detecting high-dimensional drug combinatory effects on myopathy. CMDRM-MRT identified and validated (54; 374; 637; 442; 131) 2-way to 6-way drug interactions, respectively, which induce myopathy in both EMR and FAERS databases. We further demonstrate FAERS data capture much higher maximum myopathy risk than EMR data do. The consistency of 2 mixture models' parameters and local false discovery rate estimates are evaluated through statistical simulation studies.
Business Analysis of the Tobacco Growers’ Cooperative Association
Creators: name: Scanlan, John J.
name: Tinley, J. M.
name: Scanlan, John J.
name: Tinley, J. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1929
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: This study of the Tobacco Growers' Cooperative Association (the tri-State association) of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina was undertaken at the request of agricultural leaders and business interests of the States in which the association operated and of its receivers. The study was begun in August 1927, as a part of the program of economic research in farmers' cooperative business organizations conducted by the Division of Cooperative Marketing of the Bureau of Agricultural Economics. This division has made, and is making, similar studies of cooperative associations handling various farm products, but this is the first business-analysis study which it has made of a cooperative tobacco-marketing association. To enable other cooperators and cooperatives, especially those dealing with tobacco, to benefit by the policies, mistakes, and experiences of this association the economic and social background in Virginia and the Carolinas, the inception of the association, its formation, organic set-up, operations, membership relations and policies, problems, and difficulties are analyzed in considerable detail. Special effort has been made to emphasize the conditions and policies that led to the suspension of operation of the association in June 1926.
title: The role of MRI-DWI fusion in reducing the cost of MRI prior guided biopsy
Creators: name: Zakharova, Olga
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Prostate carcinoma ranks as the most common malignant tumor in men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men [1]. The role of MRI in detecting prostatic cancer has evolved over the past decade with the development of newer...
Rapid characterization of emission parameters of semi-volatile organic compounds for building materials and consumer products
Creators: name: Li, Hongwan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Indoor air quality
Semi-volatile organic compounds
Emissions
Needle trap device

description: Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), such as phthalates, organophosphates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are emerging pollutants associated with serious health concerns. SVOCs are extensively used as plasticizers and flame retardants in building materials and consumer products. Because SVOCs are not chemically bound to polymers, they are slowly emitted from source materials to indoor environments, where people spend most of their time. However, due to our poor understanding of their sources, fate, and transport in indoor environments, effective strategies to reduce exposures remain unclear. The goal of this dissertation is to characterize SVOC emissions rapidly and investigate their fate and transport in indoor environments. The specific objectives are to 1) develop a novel rapid micro-emission-cell method to characterize SVOC emissions from building materials and consumer products; 2) develop a sensitive and accurate needle-trap-device (NTD) method for sampling and analysis of SVOCs in air; 3) investigate SVOC levels in indoor air, settled dust, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filter dust in U.S. high schools. Emissions of phthalates, organophosphates, and PBDEs from a wide range of source materials (e.g., vinyl flooring, insulation boards, crib mattress covers, and changing pad foams) were characterized in the micro emission cell rapidly. The steady state SVOC concentrations were reached within minutes or hours, which were significantly reduced from the time of previous chamber studies (weeks or months). The developed NTD method was evaluated in both laboratory and field studies. The results were in good agreement with data obtained using conventional air sampling methods, but with significantly improvements on sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and reliability. Sampling volume using the NTD method was reduced by a factor of four compared to conventional air sampling methods. A number of SVOCs were detected in U.S. high school indoor environments, including certain banned or severely restricted compounds. Significant impacts of seasonal variations and building characteristics were found for certain SVOC levels in different environmental media. This dissertation, which connects emission characterizations, measurement developments, and field studies in real indoor environments, will be valuable to identify major indoor SVOC sources, monitor indoor SVOC pollutions accurately, understand the fate and transport of SVOCs in indoor environments, and develop strategies to reduce SVOC exposures.
Efficient ℓ 0 -norm feature selection based on augmented and penalized minimization
Creators: name: Xie, S.
name: Li, X.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Advances in high-throughput technologies in genomics and imaging yield unprecedentedly large numbers of prognostic biomarkers. To accommodate the scale of biomarkers and study their association with disease outcomes, penalized regression is often used to identify important biomarkers. The ideal variable selection procedure would search for the best subset of predictors, which is equivalent to imposing an ℓ 0 -penalty on the regression coefficients. Since this optimization is a nondeterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) problem that does not scale with number of biomarkers, alternative methods mostly place smooth penalties on the regression parameters, which lead to computationally feasible optimization problems. However, empirical studies and theoretical analyses show that convex approximation of ℓ 0 -norm (eg, ℓ 1 ) does not outperform their ℓ 0 counterpart. The progress for ℓ 0 -norm feature selection is relatively slower, where the main methods are greedy algorithms such as stepwise regression or orthogonal matching pursuit. Penalized regression based on regularizing ℓ 0 -norm remains much less explored in the literature. In this work, inspired by the recently popular augmenting and data splitting algorithms including alternating direction method of multipliers, we propose a 2-stage procedure for ℓ 0 -penalty variable selection, referred to as augmented penalized minimization-L 0 (APM-L 0 ). The APM-L 0 targets ℓ 0 -norm as closely as possible while keeping computation tractable, efficient, and simple, which is achieved by iterating between a convex regularized regression and a simple hard-thresholding estimation. The procedure can be viewed as arising from regularized optimization with truncated ℓ 1 norm. Thus, we propose to treat regularization parameter and thresholding parameter as tuning parameters and select based on cross-validation. A 1-step coordinate descent algorithm is used in the first stage to significantly improve computational efficiency. Through extensive simulation studies and real data application, we demonstrate superior performance of the proposed method in terms of selection accuracy and computational speed as compared to existing methods. The proposed APM-L 0 procedure is implemented in the R-package APML0.
Biomarker threshold adaptive designs for survival endpoints
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Rong, A.
name: Diao, G.
name: Dong, J.
name: Ibrahim, J.G.
name: Ke, C.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Due to the importance of precision medicine, it is essential to identify the right patients for the right treatment. Biomarkers, which have been commonly used in clinical research as well as in clinical practice, can facilitate selection of patients with a good response to the treatment. In this paper, we describe a biomarker threshold adaptive design with survival endpoints. In the first stage, we determine subgroups for one or more biomarkers such that patients in these subgroups benefit the most from the new treatment. The analysis in this stage can be based on historical or pilot studies. In the second stage, we sample subjects from the subgroups determined in the first stage and randomly allocate them to the treatment or control group. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed design. Application to a real data example is provided for implementation of the first-stage algorithms.
(102535) Frank King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Joint modeling of survival time and longitudinal outcomes with flexible random effects
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Cai, J.
name: Choi, J.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2018

description: Joint models with shared Gaussian random effects have been conventionally used in analysis of longitudinal outcome and survival endpoint in biomedical or public health research. However, misspecifying the normality assumption of random effects can lead to serious bias in parameter estimation and future prediction. In this paper, we study joint models of general longitudinal outcomes and survival endpoint but allow the underlying distribution of shared random effect to be completely unknown. For inference, we propose to use a mixture of Gaussian distributions as an approximation to this unknown distribution and adopt an Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm for computation. Either AIC and BIC criteria are adopted for selecting the number of mixtures. We demonstrate the proposed method via a number of simulation studies. We illustrate our approach with the data from the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Study (CHANCE).
title: Investigation of the Radiation Dose Reduction and Accuracy of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using the Contrast-to-Noise Ratio based protocol in the Left Atrium Computed Tomography: Comparison of Noise Based Protocol
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Yoriaki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac Assist Devices
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Kv imaging

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is the cornerstone of ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) [1]. Accurate visualization of the complex left atrial (LA) anatomy and the location of an ablation catheter within the chamber is important in the...
ALMA Observations of the Submillimeter Dense Molecular Gas Tracers in the Luminous Type-1 Active Nucleus of NGC 7469
Creators: name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Aalto, Susanne
name: Doi, Akihiro
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Fathi, Kambiz
name: Harada, Nanase
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Hattori, Takashi
name: Hsieh, Pei-Ying
name: Ikarashi, Soh
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Iono, Daisuke
name: Ishizuki, Sumio
name: Krips, Melanie
name: Martín, Sergio
name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Meier, David S.
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Nakai, Naomasa
name: Nakajima, Taku
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Nomura, Hideko
name: Regan, Michael W.
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Sheth, Kartik
name: Takano, Shuro
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Tosaki, Tomoka
name: Turner, Jean L.
name: Umehata, Hideki
name: Wiklind, Tommy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA Cycle 1 observations of the central kpc region of the luminous type-1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469 with unprecedented high resolution (0.5$"$ $\times$ 0.4$"$ = 165 pc $\times$ 132 pc) at submillimeter wavelengths. Utilizing the wide-bandwidth of ALMA, we simultaneously obtained HCN(4-3), HCO$^+$(4-3), CS(7-6), and partially CO(3-2) line maps, as well as the 860 $μ$m continuum. The region consists of the central $\sim$ 1$"$ component and the surrounding starburst ring with a radius of $\sim$ 1.5$"$-2.5$"$. Several structures connect these components. Except for CO(3-2), these dense gas tracers are significantly concentrated towards the central $\sim$ 1$"$, suggesting their suitability to probe the nuclear regions of galaxies. Their spatial distribution resembles well those of centimeter and mid-infrared continuum emissions, but it is anti-correlated with the optical one, indicating the existence of dust obscured star formation. The integrated intensity ratios of HCN(4-3)/HCO$^+$(4-3) and HCN(4-3)/CS(7-6) are higher at the AGN position than at the starburst ring, which is consistent to our previous findings (submm-HCN enhancement). However, the HCN(4-3)/HCO$^+$(4-3) ratio at the AGN position of NGC 7469 (1.11$\pm$0.06) is almost half of the corresponding value of the low-luminosity type-1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1097 (2.0$\pm$0.2), despite the more than two orders of magnitude higher X-ray luminosity of NGC 7469. But the ratio is comparable to that of the close vicinity of the AGN of NGC 1068 ($\sim$ 1.5). Based on these results, we speculate that some other heating mechanisms than X-ray (e.g., mechanical heating due to AGN jet) can contribute significantly for shaping the chemical composition in NGC 1097.
description: Fixed typos in the title. 15 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables: accepted for publication in ApJ. Comments welcome
Primary prevention of chronic kidney disease through population-based strategies for blood pressure control: The ARIC study
Creators: name: Heiss, G.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Viera, A.J.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Hardy, S.T.
name: Kshirsagar, A.V.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2018

description: While much of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) literature focuses on the role of blood pressure reduction in delaying CKD progression, little is known about the benefits of modest population-wide decrements in blood pressure on incident CKD. The authors used multivariable linear regression to characterize the impact on incident CKD of two approaches for blood pressure management: (1) a 1-mm Hg reduction in systolic BP across the entire study population; and (2) a 10% reduction in participants with unaware, untreated, and uncontrolled BP above goal as defined by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) thresholds. Over a mean of 20 years of follow-up (ARIC [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities] study, n = 15 390), 3852 incident CKD events were ascertained. After adjustment, a 1-mm Hg decrement in systolic BP across the population was associated with an estimated 11.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.2–17.3) and 13.4 (95% CI, 10.3–16.6) fewer CKD events per 100 000 person-years in blacks and whites, respectively. Among participants with BP above JNC 7 goal, a 10% decrease in unaware, untreated, or uncontrolled BP was associated with 3.2 (95% CI, 2.0–4.9), 2.8 (95% CI, 1.8–4.3), and 5.8 (95% CI, 3.6–8.8) fewer CKD events per 100 000 person-years in blacks and 3.1 (95% CI, 2.3–4.1), 0.7 (95% CI, 0.5–0.9), and 1.0 (95% CI, 1.3–2.4) fewer CKD events per 100 000 person-years in whites. Modest population-wide reductions in systolic BP hold potential for the primary prevention of CKD.
Learning subject-specific directed acyclic graphs with mixed effects structural equation models from observational data
Creators: name: Scahill, R.I.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Xie, S.
name: Tabrizi, S.J.
name: McColgan, P.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2018

description: The identification of causal relationships between random variables from large-scale observational data using directed acyclic graphs (DAG) is highly challenging. We propose a new mixed-effects structural equation model (mSEM) framework to estimate subject-specific DAGs, where we represent joint distribution of random variables in the DAG as a set of structural causal equations with mixed effects. The directed edges between nodes depend on observed exogenous covariates on each of the individual and unobserved latent variables. The strength of the connection is decomposed into a fixed-effect term representing the average causal effect given the covariates and a random effect term representing the latent causal effect due to unobserved pathways. The advantage of such decomposition is to capture essential asymmetric structural information and heterogeneity between DAGs in order to allow for the identification of causal structure with observational data. In addition, by pooling information across subject-specific DAGs, we can identify causal structure with a high probability and estimate subject-specific networks with a high precision. We propose a penalized likelihood-based approach to handle multi-dimensionality of the DAG model. We propose a fast, iterative computational algorithm, DAG-MM, to estimate parameters in mSEM and achieve desirable sparsity by hard-thresholding the edges. We theoretically prove the identifiability of mSEM. Using simulations and an application to protein signaling data, we show substantially improved performances when compared to existing methods and consistent results with a network estimated from interventional data. Lastly, we identify gray matter atrophy networks in regions of brain from patients with Huntington's disease and corroborate our findings using white matter connectivity data collected from an independent study.
(102536) Eleanor May King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rotational Excitation of Vinyl Cyanide by Collisions with Helium Atoms at Low Temperature
Creators: name: Sogomonyan, Karina
name: Khalifa, Malek Ben
name: Loreau, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the numerous molecular systems found in the interstellar medium (ISM), vinyl cyanide is the first identified olephinic nitrile. While it has been observed in various sources, its detection in Sgr B2 is notable as the 2$_{11}$-2$_{12}$ rotational transition exhibits maser features. This indicates that local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are not fulfilled, and an accurate estimation of the molecular abundance in such conditions involves solving the statistical equilibrium equations taking into account the competition between the radiative and collisional processes. This in turn requires the knowledge of rotational excitation data for collisions with the most abundant species - He or H$_2$. In this paper the first three-dimensional CH$_2$CHCN - He potential energy surface is computed using explicitly correlated coupled-cluster theory [(CCSD(T)-F12] with a combination of two basis sets. Scattering calculations of the rotational (de-)excitation of CH$_2$CHCN induced by He atoms are performed with the quantum-mechanical close-coupling method in the low-energy regime. Rotational state-to-state cross sections derived from these calculations are used to compute the corresponding rate coefficients. The interaction potential exhibits a high anisotropy, with a global minimum of $-53.5$ cm$^{-1}$ and multiple local minima. Collisional cross sections are calculated for total energies up to 100 cm$^{-1}$. By thermally averaging the cross-sections, collisional rate coefficients are determined for temperatures up to 20 K. A propensity favouring the transitions with $Δk_a=0$ is observed.
Estimating Treatment Effects for Recurrent Events in the Presence of Rescue Medications: An Application to the Immune Thrombocytopenia Study
Creators: name: Ibrahim, J.G.
name: Gao, F.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wang, X.
name: Wei, H.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2018

description: In many clinical studies, patients may experience the same type of event of interest repeatedly over time. However, the assessment of treatment effects is often complicated by the rescue medication uses due to ethical reasons. For example, in the motivating trial in studying the Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), when the interest lies in evaluating the treatment benefit of investigational product (IP) on reducing patient’s repeated bleeding, rescue medication such as platelet transfusions may be allowed to raise platelet counts. Both the intention-to-treat analysis and treating the intermediate rescue medication as covariate tend to attenuate the treatment benefit, and the estimates can be biased if interpreted as causal. In this paper, we propose a general causal framework when intermediate rescue medications are informative. We adopt the inverse weighted estimation approach to estimate the treatment effect, where weights are constructed to reflect time-dependent medication use probabilities. The proposed estimators are shown to be asymptotically normal and are demonstrated to perform well in small-sample simulation studies. The application to the ITP studies reveals a stronger benefit of using IP in reducing bleeding. © 2016, International Chinese Statistical Association.
title: Non-traumatic pediatric head and neck emergencies: CT and MRI findings.
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Athanasia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Acute
subject: Abscess
subject: Complications
subject: Abscess delineation
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Emergency
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of the most often encountered non-traumatic pediatric emergencies of the head and...
Non-linear regime of the Generalized Minimal Massive Gravity in critical points
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Adami, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Generalized Minimal Massive Gravity (GMMG) theory is realized by adding the CS deformation term, the higher derivative deformation term, and an extra term to pure Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant. In the present paper we obtain exact solutions to the GMMG field equations in the non-linear regime of the model. GMMG model about $AdS_3$ space is conjectured to be dual to a 2-dimensional CFT. We study the theory in critical points corresponding to the central charges $c_-=0$ or $c_+=0$, in the non-linear regime. We show that $AdS_3$ wave solutions are present, and have logarithmic form in critical points. Then we study the $AdS_3$ non-linear deformation solution. Furthermore we obtain logarithmic deformation of extremal BTZ black hole. After that using Abbott-Deser-Tekin method we calculate the energy and angular momentum of these types of black hole solutions.
description: 16 pages, no figure, some Refs added, minor changes, as published in Gen Relativ Gravit
Transitions from Ideal to Intermediate Cholesterol Levels may vary by Cholesterol Metric
Creators: name: Engeda, J.C.
name: Chakladar, S.
name: Schreiner, P.J.
name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Holliday, K.M.
name: Hardy, S.T.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Howard, B.V.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Pirzada, A.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2018

description: To examine the ability of total cholesterol (TC), a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) proxy widely used in public health initiatives, to capture important population-level shifts away from ideal and intermediate LDL-C throughout adulthood. We estimated age (≥20 years)-, race/ethnic (Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic/Latino)-, and sex- specific net transition probabilities between ideal, intermediate, and poor TC and LDL-C using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014; N = 13,584) and Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008–2011; N = 15,612) data in 2016 and validated and calibrated novel Markov-type models designed for cross-sectional data. At age 20, >80% of participants had ideal TC, whereas the race/ethnic- and sex-specific prevalence of ideal LDL-C ranged from 39.2%-59.6%. Net transition estimates suggested that the largest one-year net shifts away from ideal and intermediate LDL-C occurred approximately two decades earlier than peak net population shifts away from ideal and intermediate TC. Public health and clinical initiatives focused on monitoring TC in middle-adulthood may miss important shifts away from ideal and intermediate LDL-C, potentially increasing the duration, perhaps by decades, that large segments of the population are exposed to suboptimal LDL-C.
title: Imaging of the stomach with endoscopic correlation: a case-based approach
Creators: name: Aboughalia, Hassan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Endoscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Review gastric anatomy. 2. Describe different pathologies affecting the stomach. 3. Illustrateimaging features of bariatric surgeries focusing on post operative complications. 4. Correlate radiological features associated with gastric pathologies...
eaSEL: Promoting Social-Emotional Learning and Parent-Child Interaction through AI-Mediated Content Consumption
Creators: name: Shen, Jocelyn
name: Chen, Jennifer King
name: Findlater, Leah
name: Smith, Griffin Dietz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As children increasingly consume media on devices, parents look for ways this usage can support learning and growth, especially in domains like social-emotional learning. We introduce eaSEL, a system that (a) integrates social-emotional learning (SEL) curricula into children's video consumption by generating reflection activities and (b) facilitates parent-child discussions around digital media without requiring co-consumption of videos. We present a technical evaluation of our system's ability to detect social-emotional moments within a transcript and to generate high-quality SEL-based activities for both children and parents. Through a user study with N=20 parent-child dyads, we find that after completing an eaSEL activity, children reflect more on the emotional content of videos. Furthermore, parents find that the tool promotes meaningful active engagement and could scaffold deeper conversations around content. Our work paves directions in how AI can support children's social-emotional reflection of media and family connections in the digital age.
description: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) 2025
(102538) Daniel Sergeant Stacy
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Erratum: Author Correction: Transitions from Ideal to Intermediate Cholesterol Levels may vary by Cholesterol Metric (Scientific reports (2018) 8 1 (2782))
Creators: name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Engeda, J.C.
name: Pirzada, A.
name: Holliday, K.M.
name: Chakladar, S.
name: Schreiner, P.J.
name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Hardy, S.T.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Howard, B.V.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2018

description: A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
The galaxy UV luminosity function at z ~ 2 - 4; new results on faint-end slope and the evolution of luminosity density
Creators: name: Parsa, Shaghayegh
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: McLure, Ross J.
name: Mortlock, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new, robust measurement of the evolving rest-frame UV galaxy luminosity function (LF) over the key redshift range z = 2 - 4. Our results are based on the high dynamic range provided by combining the HUDF, CANDELS/GOODS-South, and UltraVISTA/COSMOS surveys. We utilise the unparalleled multi-frequency photometry available in this survey `wedding cake' to compile complete galaxy samples at z ~ 2,3,4 via photometric redshifts (calibrated against the latest spectroscopy) rather than colour-colour selection, and to determine accurate rest-frame UV absolute magnitudes from SED fitting. Our new determinations of the UV LF extend from M_{1500} ~ -22 down to M_{1500} = -14.5, -15.5 and -16 at z ~ 2, 3 and 4 respectively (thus reaching ~ 3 - 4 magnitudes fainter than previous blank-field studies at z ~ 2 - 3). At z ~ 2 - 3 we find a much shallower faint-end slope (alpha = -1.32 +- 0.03) than the steeper values (alpha ~ -1.7) reported by Reddy & Steidel (2009) or by Alavi et al. (2014), and show that this new measurement is robust. By z ~ 4 the faint-end slope has steepened slightly, to alpha = -1.43 +- 0.04, and we show that these measurements are consistent with the overall evolutionary trend from z = 0 to z = 8. Finally, we find that while characteristic number density (phi*) drops from z ~ 2 to z ~ 4, characteristic luminosity (M*) brightens by ~ 1 mag over this redshift range. This, combined with the new flatter faint-end slopes, has the consequence that UV luminosity density (and hence unobscured star-formation density) peaks at z ~ 2.5 - 3, when the Universe was ~ 2.5 Gyr old.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, updated to match version now published in MNRAS
title: Radiographic exams helpline in Estonia: small country, big ideas
Creators: name: Hlevnjuk, Reelika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: Professional issues
subject: eHealth
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Workforce

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Big amount of patients who visits ourhospitalcomes to radiographic examinations with clinicians’ referrals from consultationswhich have taken place severalweeks or months ago. Sometimes, due to a lack of time, the clinicians do not explain to...
American Fruit and Vegetable Auctions
Creators: name: Park, J. W.
name: Park, J. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1932
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Report Introduction: Immense quantities of fruits are sold at auction in the large city markets. Melons and vegetables are also sold in large quantities through the auctions in some cities. The city auctions function primarily as a means of breaking up carloads or cargoes into small units and moving them into the channels of distribution, although in the case of a few commodities in a few cities, auction sales are on a carload basis. In 13 markets in which auction companies operated in 1930, 84 per cent of the domestic car-lot unloads and foreign receipts of citrus fruits and 54 per cent of the deciduous fruits were sold through the auctions. For melons, vegetables, and nuts combined, the corresponding figure was 3 per cent. This circular relates mainly to the auctions which sell fruits and vegetables after their arrival in the large city markets, and which are sometimes called "delivered auctions." A brief discussion is included on auction sales in producing districts, and f. o. b. auction sales conducted by means of a leased- wire system linking up a number of markets. The circular brings up to date statistics on city auction sales, traces developments in this method of selling during recent years, and describes the operation of the auctions and their position in the distributing machinery. Its purpose is to acquaint shippers, growers, and others interested in fruit and vegetable marketing with the methods and extent of operation of the auction.
On the 2012 October 23 circular ribbon flare: emission features and magnetic topology
Creators: name: Yang, Kai
name: Guo, Yang
name: Ding, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circular ribbon flares are usually related to spine-fan type magnetic topology containing null-points. In this paper, we investigate an X-class circular ribbon flare on 2012 October 23, using the multi-wavelength data from the \textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory}, \textit{Hinode}, and the \textit{Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager}. In \ion{Ca}{2} H emission, the flare showed three ribbons with two highly elongated ones inside and outside a quasi-circular one, respectively. A hot channel was displayed in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions that infers the existence of a magnetic flux rope. Two hard X-ray (HXR) sources in the 12--25 keV energy band were located at the footpoints of this hot channel. Using a nonlinear force-free magnetic field extrapolation, we identify three topological structures: (1) a 3D null-point, (2) a flux rope below the fan of the null-point, and (3) a large-scale quasi-separatrix layers (QSL) induced by the quadrupolar-like magnetic field of the active region. We find that the null-point is embedded within the large-scale QSL. In our case, all three identified topological structures must be considered to explain all the emission features associated with the observed flare. Besides, the HXR sources are regarded as the consequence of the reconnection within or near the border of the flux rope.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
(102530) Ella M King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.