cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Background of the su(2)-Algebraic Many-Fermion Models in the Boson Realization
Creators: name: Tsue, Y.
name: Providencia, C.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The su(2)-algebraic many-fermion model is formulated so as to be able to get the unified understanding of the structures of three simple models: the single-level pairing, the isoscalar proton-neutron pairing and the two-level Lipkin model. Basic idea is to introduce an auxiliary su(2)-algebra, any generator of which commutes with any generator of the starting su(2)-algebra. With the aid of this algebra, the minimum weight states are completely determined in a simple forms. Further, concerning the two algebras, boson realization is presented. Through this formulation, the behavior of the total fermion in the Lipkin model is notably different of those in the other two models. As supplementary problem, the boson-fermion realization and the Lipkin model in the isovector pairing model are investigated.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure, using PTPTeX class
Epipleoneura uncinata De Marmels 1989
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura uncinata

description: Epipleoneura uncinata De Marmels, 1989
(Figs. 15, 30)
 Epipleoneura uncinata De Marmels 1989: 22 –23, 63 figs. 64–69 (new species, male description, illustrations of male S 10 in lateral, posterior and dorsal view, genital ligula in ectal and lateral view, pterothorax in lateral view, type material at
 MIZA).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352, 355, fig. 2354 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view). Specimens examined. Paratype ♂, Venezuela, Alto Río Baría, Amazonas State (about 01º05’43”S, 66º24’46”W), leg. J. De Marmels, 24vi–11vii 1984.
 Diagnosis. Male cercus resembles that of E. capilliformis. The cercus possesses a well-developed, narrow, inner-basal branch, with its apex directed posteriorly, reaching midline of S10 medially. The epiproct is long and tapering to apex, composed of two narrow fused branches, very similar to that of E. janirae (see under that species) and unique within the genus. The genital ligula (Fig. 30) is unique for this species, with segment 3 medially narrowed, sides slightly elevated, and apex with two long and slender V-shaped lobes; the postero-lateral projections are directed posteriorly, each with conspicuous peduncle, apex rounded, and a small rounded lobe basal to it. Female unknown.
 Distribution. Southern Venezuela, Amazonas State (type locality, Amazonas State departamento Rio Negro, Canal Ocuene, Rio Baría, about 1º20’N, 66º28’W).
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on pages 229-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Women’s perspectives on relationship dynamics with their partners and their role in HIV acquisition, HIV disclosure, hormonal contraceptive uptake, and condom use
Creators: name: Kourtis, Athena P
name: Chapola, John C
name: Hurst, Stacey
name: Tang, Jennifer H
name: Chinula, Lameck
name: Bula, Agatha K
name: Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra
Publisher: name: National Inquiry Services Center (NISC)
Year: 2021

description:
Background: Limited information exists about relationship dynamics and their role in HIV acquisition, HIV disclosure, hormonal contraceptive uptake, and condom use among women in Malawi.Methods: Ninety-seven women aged 18-45 years were randomly assigned to initiate the depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable or levonorgestrel implant from May 2014 to April 2015 in Lilongwe, Malawi. Women were recruited after randomisation to participate in semi-structured interviews about HIV and family planning using purposive sampling. Interviews were thematically analysed using within and between group comparisons.Results: We conducted individual interviews and/or focus group discussions with 41 women: 30 (73%) women living with HIV and 11 (27%) women not living with HIV. Most women living with HIV who participated in in-depth interviews disclosed their status to their partners, and most partners agreed to get HIV tested only after disclosure. Nearly all women said their partners agreed to use condoms, but few used them consistently. Nearly all women believed their current and former partners had outside partners. Most women living with HIV who participated in in-depth interviews believed their current or other serious partners were the source of their infection. Some women thought their partner's infidelity was due to their partner's disinterest in sex with them during menstrual/ breakthrough bleeding. Some women included their partners in contraceptive decision-making when the partner was supportive.Discussion: Relationship dynamics affected decision-making for contraceptive and condom use, as well as serodisclosure for the women living with HIV in the study. All women reported challenges with consistent condom use with their male partners, although contraceptive use was generally more acceptable. Women included their partners in their decision-making concerning contraceptive use when they were supportive.
Simplification, Progression and a Level Playing Field
Creators: name: Vickrey, William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: With sufficiently well-reasoned and principled reform of tax systems, it is possible to achieve practical simplicity and a reduction in perverse incentives to a far greater degree than under any of the "flat-rate" proposals being advanced, without significant sacrifice of progressively. But it is necessary to eliminate many of the bells and whistles that confer benefits on selected constituencies, and to refrain from attempts to use the income tax as a device to encourage particular activities. There are usually more effective and transparent methods available to accomplish these objectives far more efficiently if done directly and explicitly rather than by tax tinkering motivated in part by a desire to reduce the apparent magnitude of the government "budget" by "off-budget" "tax expenditures."
Possible Suppression of Resonant Signals for Split-UED by Mixing at the LHC?
Creators: name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixing of the imaginary parts of the transition amplitudes of nearby resonances via the breakdown of the Breit-Wigner approximation has been shown to lead to potentially large modifications in the signal rates for new physics at colliders. In the case of suppression, this effect may be significant enough to lead to some new physics signatures being initially missed in searches at, e.g., the LHC. Here we explore the influence of this `width mixing' on the production of the nearly degenerate, level-2 Kaluza-Klein (KK) neutral gauge bosons present in Split-UED. We demonstrate that in this particular case large cross section modifications in the resonance region are necessarily absent and explain why this is so based on the group theoretical structure of the SM.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; discussion and references added
The influence of 1-MCP on the fruit quality and flesh browning of ‘Red Fuji’ apple after long-term cold storage
Creators: name: He, Jingang
name: Feng, Yunxiao
name: Cheng, Yudou
name: Wang, Shen
name: Fu, Yaxiong
name: Guan, Junfeng
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2021

description: This study assessed the influence of 1-MCP treatment on the fruit quality and flesh browning of ‘Red Fuji’ apple at shelf life after long-term cold storage. The ‘Red Fuji’ fruit were stored at 0±0.5 °C for 270 days after treating with 1.0 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropylene (1-MCP). Fruit quality, browning rate of stem-end flesh, chlorogenic acid content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were analyzed at shelf-life under 20±0.5 °C, the expression profile of ethylene receptors (MdERS1), phenylalnine ammonia lyase genes (MdPA L1, MdPA L2), quinate hydroxycinnamoyl/hydrxycinnamoyl CoA shi-kimate gene (MdHCT3), polyphenol oxidase genes (MdPPO1, MdPPO5)and lipoxygenase gene (MdLOX) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. 1-MCP treatment improved the fruit storage quality, decreased stem-end flesh tissue browning, and fruit decay. In addition, the fruit respiration rate and ethylene production rate increased at shelf-life, but this increase could be inhibited by 1-MCP. The same rule was observed in the changes of chlorogenic acid content and PPO activity, the expression of MdERS1, MdPA L1, MdPPO1 and MdLOX were inhibited by 1-MCP as well in the stem-end flesh. Thus, 1-MCP treatment improves the fruit quality of ‘Red Fuji’ apple at shelf-life after long-term cold storage, and inhibits the browning of stem-end flesh by decreasing the chlorogenic acid content and PPO activity. MdPA L1, MdHCT3, MdPPO1 and MdLOX participate in the flesh browning progress.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol. 94 (2021): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Perturbative analysis of disordered Ising models close to criticality
Creators: name: Bertini, L.
name: Cirillo, Emilio N. M.
name: Olivieri, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-dimensional Ising model with random i.i.d. nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic couplings and no external magnetic field. We show that, if the probability of supercritical couplings is small enough, the system admits a convergent cluster expansion with probability one. The associated polymers are defined on a sequence of increasing scales; in particular the convergence of the above expansion implies the infinite differentiability of the free energy but not its analyticity. The basic tools in the proof are a general theory of graded cluster expansions and a stochastic domination of the disorder.
The effect of paternal incarceration on material hardship
Creators: name: Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira
name: Geller, Amanda B.
name: Garfinkel, Irwin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Families

description: Widespread use of incarceration in the US, coupled with high rates of inmate fatherhood, has raised concerns for the wellbeing of more than two million affected children. The deleterious and long term effects of incarceration on men's financial and relationship stability are well-established. Incarceration also compromises family material wellbeing, and partners are at risk of hardship and stress, which may diminish capacity for positive parenting and harm children's development. However, little is known about the links between father incarceration and family material wellbeing. Using the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing survey we examine the extent to which fathers' incarceration increases the material hardship experienced by their families. We find that incarceration indeed increases hardship for families, by both reducing household income and disrupting family relationships and routines. These findings underscore the need for criminal justice agencies and social service providers to help mitigate the risks associated with a father's incarceration.
Reduced-order modeling for cardiac electrophysiology. Application to parameter identification
Creators: name: Boulakia, Muriel
name: Schenone, Elisa
name: Gerbeau, Jean-Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reduced-order model based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is proposed for the bidomain equations of cardiac electrophysiology. Its accuracy is assessed through electrocardiograms in various configurations, including myocardium infarctions and long-time simulations. We show in particular that a restitution curve can efficiently be approximated by this approach. The reduced-order model is then used in an inverse problem solved by an evolutionary algorithm. Some attempts are presented to identify ionic parameters and infarction locations from synthetic ECGs.
description: No. RR-7811 (2011)
Income Distribution, Fical Policy and Delays in Stabilization
Creators: name: Perotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics

description: In the last two decades the economic policy of several developing countries has often been characterized by perverse cycles of unsustainable policies and attempts at stabilization. A common feature of models designed to show how these delays in stabilizations can be explained in a way that is consistent with individual rationality, is that delays are the result of the interaction of two groups. The present model aims at capturing, in a simple and stylized way, the features of this process. In the model, different coalitions form and change depending on the position of three groups over the degree of redistribution and the timing of debt repayment. The logical structure of the model is very simple. A country is populated by individuals belonging to three different income classes. They must decide, by majority voting, how much of a given external debts to repay in each of two periods. In a representative agent world, exactly half of the debt would be repaid in each period, so as to smooth consumption perfectly over time. This is also the outcome in the economy studied here when the per capita income is high enough, and in a poor economy with an equal distribution of income. In all these cases the position of the "middle class" prevails, and the economy behaves like a representative agent economy, by spreading the cost of the adjustment over the two periods. When the economy is poor and has a highly unequal distribution of income, however, the repayment of the debt is postponed entirely to the second period. Importantly, both the very rich and the very poor agents of this economy have an incentive to postpone stabilization. The paper presents the model, illustrates the solution in the case of no income dispersion, and of a rich and a poor economy, respectively.
title: Collaborative Task Completion for Simulated Hexapod Robots Using Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Baker, Tayler Don
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: There is growing interest in developing autonomous systems capable of exhibiting collaborative behaviors. Using methods such as reinforcement learning is another way to train multiple robots for collaborative task completion. This study was able to successfully in simulation train multiple hexapod robots to push a target to a designated goal collaboratively. This required each robot to learn how find the target and push that target to a goal. This work suggests that using reinforcement learning for collaborative task completion for hexapod robots may simplify the complexity of the software and improve the decisions that they make.
A robust adaptive neural network control for a quadrotor helicoptor
Creators: name: Nicol, Christopher Edmond
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 112-117
description: A quadrotor helicopter is a highly nonlinear and open-loop unstable system, presenting significant challenges in terms of control design. This thesis proposes a neural network based controller, which makes use of a new robust technique to avoid weight drift caused by persistent disturbances, and describes the development of a working prototype for testing purposes. The controller consists of an adaptive neural network for attitude/ altitude control and adaptation, and a position control to design roll and pitch angles/velocities. When the new robust technique is applied in simulation, results demonstrate the control design is able to stabilize the quadrotor, while avoiding weight drift. After implementing the adaptive neural network on the prototype, experiments demonstrate that the control is able to stabilize the quadrotor, that nonlinear techniques provide a wider operating range than linear controls, and that weight drift is as much of a problem practically, as it is theoretically.
Study of $p\barΛ$ and $p\barΣ$ systems in constituent quark models
Creators: name: Huang, Hongxia
name: Ping, Jialun
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $p\barΛ$ systems with J=0 and J=1 are dynamically investigated within the framework of two constituent quark models: the chiral quark model and the quark delocalization color screening model. The model parameters are taken from our previous work, which gave a good description of the proton-antiproton S-wave elastic scattering cross section experimental data. The $p\barΛ$ elastic scattering processes with coupling to $p\barΣ$ state are studied. The results show that, there is no s-wave bound state as indicated by an enhancement near the threshold of $p\barΛ$ in $J/ψ$ decay. However, a $IJ = {1/2}0$ $p\barΣ$ resonance state is given in the quark delocalization color screening model.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Dual-ligand modified liposomes provide effective local targeted delivery of lung-cancer drug by antibody and tumor lineage-homing cell-penetrating peptide
Creators: name: Lin, Congcong
name: Zhang, Xue
name: Chen, Hubiao
name: Bian, Zhaoxiang
name: Zhang, Ge
name: Riaz, Muhammad Kashif
name: Tyagi, Deependra
name: Lin, Ge
name: Zhang, Yanbo
name: Wang, Jinjin
name: Lu, Aiping
name: Yang, Zhijun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: The abilities of a drug delivery system to target and penetrate tumor masses are key factors in determining the system’s chemotherapeutic efficacy. Here, we explored the utility of an anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (anti-CA IX) antibody and CPP33 dual-ligand modified triptolide-loaded liposomes (dl-TPL-lip) to simultaneously enhance the tumor-specific targeting and increase tumor cell penetration of TPL. In vitro, the dl-TPL-lip increased the cytotoxicity of TPL in CA IX-positive lung cancer cells, which showed tunable size (137.6 ± 0.8 nm), high-encapsulation efficiency (86.3 ± 2.6%) and sustained release. Dl-TPL-lip significantly improved the ability of liposomes to penetrate 3 D tumor spheroids and exhibited a superior inhibiting effect. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies in rats that received TPL liposomal formulations by endotracheal administration showed a reduced concentration of TPL (17.3%–30.6% compared to free TPL) in systemic circulation. After pulmonary administration in orthotopic lung tumor-bearing mice, dl-TPL-lip significantly enhanced TPL anti-cancer efficacy without apparent systemic toxicity. This dual-ligand modified liposomal vehicle presents a potential system for localized and targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs to improve their efficacy.
Adsorption of solutes at liquid-vapor interfaces: Insights from lattice gas models
Creators: name: Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
name: Shaffer, Patrick R.
name: Geissler, Phillip L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption behavior of ions at liquid-vapor interfaces exhibits several unexpected yet generic features. In particular, energy and entropy are both minimum when the solute resides near the surface, for a variety of ions in a range of polar solvents, contrary to predictions of classical theories. Motivated by this generality, and by the simple physical ingredients implicated by computational studies, we have examined interfacial solvation in highly schematic models, which resolve only coarse fluctuations in solvent density and cohesive energy. Here we show that even such lattice gas models recapitulate surprising thermodynamic trends observed in detailed simulations and experiments. Attention is focused on the case of two dimensions, for which approximate energy and entropy profiles can be calculated analytically. Simulations and theoretical analysis of the lattice gas highlight the role of capillary wave-like fluctuations in mediating adsorption. They further point to ranges of temperature and solute-solvent interaction strength where surface propensity is expected to be strongest.
description: Accepted for publication in Faraday Discuss
Additional file 1 of Adolescent girls in aquaculture ecozones at risk of nutrient deficiency in Bangladesh development and validation of an integrated metric
Creators: name: Grieve, Eleanor
name: Mamun, Abdullah-Al
name: de Roos, Baukje
name: Barman, Benoy K.
name: Ara, Gulshan
name: Roos, Nanna
name: Pounds, Alexandra
name: Sneddon, Alan A.
name: Murray, Francis
name: Ahmed, Tahmeed
name: Little, David C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials S1 doc and S2 doc.
Negotiated settlements and intergenerational equity in the pipeline service market: borrowing from Pete jr. to pay Paul sr.
Creators: name: Fellows, Garret Kent
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 137-140
description: The movement from traditional regulatory hearings to negotiated settlements represents both a departure from cost of service regulation and a relaxation of regulatory oversight in the regulation of oil and gas pipeline tolls. Under negotiated settlements pipelines and shippers are able to renegotiate inclusions in their cost of service while simultaneously creating a profit margin for the pipeline where none existed under the cost of service outcome of a traditional hearing. Predicated on the observed preference of pipelines and shippers for negotiated settlements; most economic literature assumes that these settlements represent increased efficiency over hearings. Various claims have been made as to why negotiated settlements are more efficient than hearings but little attention is paid to other elements that affect these preferences without increasing efficiency. This thesis constructs a model to illustrate the existence of positive gains to pipeline and shipper from the re-allocation of expenses through time. This inter-temporal reallocation implies higher tolls for future shippers which is a concern for the National Energy Board (responsible for regulating Canadian oil and gas pipelines) as it places an unfair burden on future shippers and future end consumers of oil and gas. Behaviour consistent with the model is observable in anecdotal and econometric evidence provided in this thesis. Empirical investigation by Littlechild (2007) into settlement procedures in the Florida electricity market reveal similar findings; however, this analysis represents the first attempt to model the behaviour formally and provide econometric results. The econometric analysis uses new data collected and compiled specifically for this thesis.
Validity of resonant two-qubit gates in the ultrastrong coupling regime of circuit QED
Creators: name: Wang, Y. M.
name: Ballester, D.
name: Romero, G.
name: Scarani, V.
name: Solano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the performance of two-qubit resonant gates in the crossover from the strong to the ultrastrong coupling (USC) regime of light-matter interaction in circuit QED. Two controlled-PHASE gate schemes---that works well within the rotating wave-approximation (RWA)---are analyzed while taking into account the effects of counter-rotating terms appearing in the Hamiltonian. Our numerical results show that the fidelity of the gate operation is above 96 % when the ratio between the coupling strength and the resonator frequency, g/ω_r, is of about 10 %. Novel schemes are required in order to implement ultrafast quantum gates when increasing the ratio g/ω_r.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physica Scripta, special issue in relation with the 18th Central European Workshop on Quantum Optics
The main bank system and corporate investment: An empirical reassessment
Creators: name: Hayashi, Fumio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: This paper examines whether the sensitivity of corporate investment to internal funds depends on the firm's access to a main bank, using the sample of Japanese manufacturing firms constructed by Hayashi and Inoue (1991). For either of two classifications of firms by their access to a main bank, there is no evidence that main bank ties mitigate the sensitivity of investment to the firm's liquidity. The large effect of main bank ties reported in Hoshi, Kashyap, and Scharfstein (1991) is most likely due to the relatively poor quality of their capital stock estimate.
Privately held businesses’ financial statements: a mixed methods study on the objectives, and users’ needs and expectations
Creators: name: Dingli, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Despite the criticism around the resource allocation decision-usefulness objective of the financial statements in the literature, not many studies have questioned its validity and applicability. Under the aforementioned objective, the financial statements seek to provide information to investors and lenders for decision making. It has been said however that resource allocation decisions are rarely, if ever, taken by stakeholders in privately held businesses. This study therefore investigates what is the objective of financial statements prepared by such businesses. This study collected both secondary and primary data to answer the research questions. In relation to the former, the study analysed all 179 comment letters submitted by various respondent categories in reply to a discussion paper issued by the International Accounting Standards Board which sought views on the objectives of financial statements. The comment letters were analysed using content analysis and the findings were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Primary data for this study was collected through 9 semi-structured interviews with senior representatives of European accounting standard setters.
The findings have shown that the primary users of private entities’ financial statements are current and potential lenders and current external investors, excluding owner-managers, and occasionally including potential external investors. The findings have shown that the primary objective of private entity financial statements is stewardship. The resource-allocation decision-usefulness objective, with its focus on future cash flows, is marginally relevant to lenders in privately held businesses. It has also been argued that the resource-allocation decision-usefulness objective is relevant to prospective investors and lenders when seeking to determine whether and to what extent will they allocate their own financial resources to the entity at a point in time and going forward. The findings have also shown that the financial statements, on their own, cannot be useful for that purpose and that prospective investors and lenders use various other sources of information when making their resource-allocation decisions.
Finally, the study provides recommendations to accounting standard setters on how to address the objective of financial statements of private businesses in their frameworks, based on the findings of this study. Potential areas for future research have also been identified.
History Repeats Itself: Evolutionary Structural Change and TNCs' Involvement in Infrastructure Overseas, Flying-Geese Style
Creators: name: Ozawa, Terutomo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Commerce

description: When any resource-scarce country reaches a stage of growth where resource-intensive heavy industry becomes a leading growth sector (and lifestyles turn increasingly energy-consuming), it is compelled to seek out resources overseas by making investments in project-specific infrastructure (and even in general-purpose infrastructure to cultivate goodwill). In this regard, a reformulated "flying-geese" paradigm (a stages model) of growth can shed light on such an economic behavior. The advanced West and their TNCs were once aggressively engaged in their hunt for overseas resources and markets under colonialism at the height of their heavy and chemical industrialization during the 19th-to-the early 20th century. Japan too followed suit in its drive to build up heavy industry and secure resources abroad. Most recently, China has entered such a growth stage, exhibiting a similar hanker for resources and emerging as a primary financier and developer of infrastructure in developing regions, notably in Africa, as part of its resource-seeking diplomacy.
Developments in perfect simulation of Gibbs measures through a new result for the extinction of Galton-Watson-like processes
Creators: name: De Santis, Emilio
name: Lissandrelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B20, 68U20, 60K35, 60J80

description: This paper deals with the problem of perfect sampling from a Gibbs measure with infinite range interactions. We present some sufficient conditions for the extinction of processes which are like supermartingales when large values are taken. This result has deep consequences on perfect simulation, showing that local modifications on the interactions of a model do not affect simulability. We also pose the question to optimize over a class of sequences of sets that influence the sufficient condition for the perfect simulation of the Gibbs measure. We completely solve this question both for the long range Ising models and for the spin models with finite range interactions.
description: 28 pages
An evaluation of a teacher reported measure for the early identification of selective mutism
Creators: name: Martinez, Yvonne Julia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Selective mutism (SM) is a childhood disorder characterized by failure to speak in social situations despite there being an expectation to speak and the capacity to do so. The prevalence of SM among children is estimated to be between approximately 0.5 to 1% (Sharp, Sherman, & Gross, 2007). Children with SM exhibit more symptoms at school than at home, yet current identification and diagnosis of SM relies exclusively on parent reports (McInnes & Manassis, 2005; Schniering, Hudson, & Rapee, 2000). There is often a 3 to 6 year delay in SM referrals because parents do not recognize symptoms until children begin school. SM appears to interfere with achievement and social-emotional development in children (Sharp et al., 2007). The first phase of the study involved the development and validation of the Teacher Telephone Interview: Selective Mutism & Anxiety in the School Setting (TTI-SM-DSM-IV; Tannock, Fung, & Manassis, 2003), to teachers of a clinical sample of 29 children (Kindergarten to Grade 5) referred to three large urban hospitals for SM across Canada. The second phase was a follow-up validation study that involved the revision of the TTI-SM-DSM-IV into a paper-pencil measure, the TTI-SM-R. The revised TTI-SM-R was administered to a sample of 30 (Kindergarten to Grade 4) teachers of children in the community with SM and normal controls in western Canada. The third phase combined the clinical and community samples for a total sample of 59 participants. The results indicated that the Mutism subscale of the TTI-SM-DSM-IV and TTI-SM-R demonstrated evidence of reliability and validity (construct, face, predictive, concurrent, convergent, discriminant) for assessing SM. Additionally, the results showed that students with SM were found to have more symptoms of social and school anxiety and greater difficulty with daily social participation compared to children without SM. The analyses also revealed a high concordance rate between parent and teacher ratings of children with SM. The development and validation of a teacher reported measure for SM may help reduce the lag time between symptom onset and treatment referral for students with SM. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of anxiety symptomatology in students with SM, and the impact of mutism on social behaviours.
Bare canonicity of representable cylindric and polyadic algebras
Creators: name: Bulian, Jannis
name: Hodkinson, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 03G15 (Primary) 03C05, 06B15, 06E15, 06E25 (Secondary)

description: We show that for finite n at least 3, every first-order axiomatisation of the varieties of representable n-dimensional cylindric algebras, diagonal-free cylindric algebras, polyadic algebras, and polyadic equality algebras contains an infinite number of non-canonical formulas. We also show that the class of structures for each of these varieties is non-elementary. The proofs employ algebras derived from random graphs.
Dual-ligand modified liposomes provide effective local targeted delivery of lung-cancer drug by antibody and tumor lineage-homing cell-penetrating peptide
Creators: name: Lin, Congcong
name: Zhang, Xue
name: Chen, Hubiao
name: Bian, Zhaoxiang
name: Zhang, Ge
name: Kashif Riaz, Muhammad
name: Tyagi, Deependra
name: Lin, Ge
name: Zhang, Yanbo
name: Wang, Jinjin
name: Lu, Aiping
name: Yang, Zhijun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: The abilities of a drug delivery system to target and penetrate tumor masses are key factors in determining the system’s chemotherapeutic efficacy. Here, we explored the utility of an anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (anti-CA IX) antibody and CPP33 dual-ligand modified triptolide-loaded liposomes (dl-TPL-lip) to simultaneously enhance the tumor-specific targeting and increase tumor cell penetration of TPL. In vitro, the dl-TPL-lip increased the cytotoxicity of TPL in CA IX-positive lung cancer cells, which showed tunable size (137.6 ± 0.8 nm), high-encapsulation efficiency (86.3 ± 2.6%) and sustained release. Dl-TPL-lip significantly improved the ability of liposomes to penetrate 3 D tumor spheroids and exhibited a superior inhibiting effect. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies in rats that received TPL liposomal formulations by endotracheal administration showed a reduced concentration of TPL (17.3%–30.6% compared to free TPL) in systemic circulation. After pulmonary administration in orthotopic lung tumor-bearing mice, dl-TPL-lip significantly enhanced TPL anti-cancer efficacy without apparent systemic toxicity. This dual-ligand modified liposomal vehicle presents a potential system for localized and targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs to improve their efficacy.
New proposals to regulate hedge funds: SEC Rule 203(b)(3)-2
Creators: name: Edwards, Franklin R.
name: Mishkin, Frederic S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Commerce

description: On September 29, 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a report on the “Implications of the Growth of Hedge Funds” (the “Report”). The Report raised several issues related to hedge funds and proposed a number of regulatory initiatives that the SEC might take. Its principal recommendation was that the SEC should require most hedge managers to register as investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). On July 14, 2004, after a lengthy period of public comment on the Report, the SEC (“Commission”) adopted (by a split vote) Rule 203(b)(3)-2, which implements this registration recommendation, and set a two-month period for public comment before formally adopting the Rule on December 2, 2004.
Additional file 3 of mEYEstro software: an automatic tool for standardized refractive surgery outcomes reporting
Creators: name: Gauvin, Mathieu
name: Wallerstein, Avi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Signal and noise of Diamond Pixel Detectors at High Radiation Fluences
Creators: name: Tsung, Jieh-Wen
name: Havranek, Miroslav
name: Hügging, Fabian
name: Kagan, Harris
name: Krüger, Hans
name: Wermes, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CVD diamond is an attractive material option for LHC vertex detectors because of its strong radiation-hardness causal to its large band gap and strong lattice. In particular, pixel detectors operating close to the interaction point profit from tiny leakage currents and small pixel capacitances of diamond resulting in low noise figures when compared to silicon. On the other hand, the charge signal from traversing high energy particles is smaller in diamond than in silicon by a factor of about 2.2. Therefore, a quantitative determination of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of diamond in comparison with silicon at fluences in excess of 10$^{15}$ n$_{eq}$ cm$^{-2}$, which are expected for the LHC upgrade, is important. Based on measurements of irradiated diamond sensors and the FE-I4 pixel readout chip design, we determine the signal and the noise of diamond pixel detectors irradiated with high particle fluences. To characterize the effect of the radiation damage on the materials and the signal decrease, the change of the mean free path $λ_{e/h}$ of the charge carriers is determined as a function of irradiation fluence. We make use of the FE-I4 pixel chip developed for ATLAS upgrades to realistically estimate the expected noise figures: the expected leakage current at a given fluence is taken from calibrated calculations and the pixel capacitance is measured using a purposely developed chip (PixCap). We compare the resulting S/N figures with those for planar silicon pixel detectors using published charge loss measurements and the same extrapolation methods as for diamond. It is shown that the expected S/N of a diamond pixel detector with pixel pitches typical for LHC, exceeds that of planar silicon pixels at fluences beyond 10$^{15}$ particles cm$^{-2}$, the exact value only depending on the maximum operation voltage assumed for irradiated silicon pixel detectors.
Evaluation of a lifetime‐based optode to measure oxygen in aquatic systems.
Creators: name: Tengberg, Anders
name: Hovdenes, Jostein
name: Andersson, Henrik Johan
name: Brocandel, Olivier
name: Diaz, Robert
name: Hebert, David
name: Arnerich, Tony
name: Huber, Christian
name: Körtzinger, Arne
name: Khripounoff, Alexis
name: Rey, Francisco
name: Rönning, Christer
name: Schimanski, Jens
name: Sommer, Stefan
name: Stangelmayer, Achim
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Parameter Discipline::Chemical oceanography

description: In this article, we evaluate the performance of a commercially available lifetime‐based optode and compare it with data obtained by other methods. We performed a set of 10 different tests, including targeted laboratory evaluations and field studies, covering a wide range of situations from shallow coastal waters and wastewater treatment plants to abyssal depths. Our principal conclusion is that, owing to high accuracy (± 2 µM), long‐term stability (more than 20 months), lack of pressure hysteresis, and limited cross‐sensitivity, this method is overall more suitable for oxygen monitoring than other methods.
Additional file 1 of Effect of onset of type 2 diabetes on risks of cardiovascular disease and heart failure among new Zealanders with impaired glucose tolerance over 25 years: tapered-matched landmark analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Dahai
name: Qu, Bingjie
name: Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi
name: Pickering, Karen
name: Baker, John
name: MBChB, Richard Cutfield
name: Cai, Yamei
name: Orr-Walker, Brandon J
name: Sundborn, Gerhard
name: Zhao, Zhanzheng
name: Simmons, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The gas industry in Japan
Creators: name: Taki, Hideo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: The structure of the Japanese gas industry is characterized by the large number of distribution companies involved. As a result of limited reserves and geographical constraints, the gas production and transmission sectors have not been significantly developed. Following deregulation in the US and UK, the process of liberalization began in the Japanese gas market in March 1995. As a result the gas supply market to large-volume users -- those with minimum annual consumption of 2 million cubic meters- was liberalized. To promote management efficiency, a new gas rate system based on existing total-cost analysis was introduced and guidelines for pipeline access were also published. Amendments to the Electricity Industry Law have resulted in partial liberalization of the wholesale electricity market, creating new opportunities for gas companies. These and other regulatory changes will require some reorganization of Japanese gas industry structure and gas company management styles.
Delivery of radix ophiopogonis polysaccharide via sucrose acetate isobutyrate-based in situ forming systems alone or combined with its mono-PEGylation
Creators: name: Wang, LiNa
name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Wu, Fei
name: Shen, Lan
name: Lin, Xiao
name: Feng, Yi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This work aimed to achieve long-lasting delivery of radix ophiopogonis polysaccharide (ROP) by sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB)-based in situ forming systems (ISFSs) alone or combined with mono-PEGylation of ROP. When the ‘90%SAIB/10% solvent’ system was used, the mean residence time (MRT) of ROP was prolonged by 4.3 5 ∼ 7.00 times and the initial release rate was reduced significantly. However, this system was only suitable for days-long sustained release of ROP in short-term therapy. As to the ‘SAIB/additives/solvent’ system containing mono-PEGylated ROP, the results indicated that SAIB/poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was superior to SAIB/polylactic acid (PLA)/NMP and SAIB/PLA/ethanol in controlled release. Moreover, weeks- to months-long (16–60 d) smooth release of ROP could be achieved by varying the concentration (10–30%) and molecular weight (MW) of PLGA (10–50 kDa) or by employing a moderate MW of PEGylated ROP (∼20 or ∼30 kDa). With further increasing the conjugate MW to ∼40 kDa, the contribution of drug elimination to its plasma retention seemed to surpass that of the SAIB-based system, resulting in that the system no longer had an obvious influence on the in vivo behavior of the conjugate. Besides, the results of host response confirmed that with less solvent being used, the SAIB-based systems showed a higher biocompatibility than the PLGA-based systems, suggesting that they could be freely chosen in the prevention and/or cure of chronic diseases.
Research progress of self-assembled nanogel and hybrid hydrogel systems based on pullulan derivatives
Creators: name: Zhang, Tao
name: Yang, Ruyi
name: Yang, Shengnan
name: Guan, Jibin
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Ma, Yan
name: Liu, Hongzhuo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Polymer nano-sized hydrogels (nanogels) as drug delivery carriers have been investigated over the last few decades. Pullulan, a nontoxic and nonimmunogenic hydrophilic polysaccharide derived from fermentation of black yeast like Aureobasidium pullulans with great biocompatibility and biodegradability, is one of the most attractive carriers for drug delivery systems. In this review, we describe the preparation, characterization, and ‘switch-on/off’ mechanism of typical pullulan self-assembled nanogels (self-nanogels), and then introduce the development of hybrid hydrogels that are numerous resources applied for regenerative medicine. A major section is used for biomedical applications of different nanogel systems based on modified pullulan, which exert smart stimuli-responses at ambient conditions such as charge, pH, temperature, light, and redox. Pullulan self-nanogels have found increasingly extensive application in protein delivery, tissue engineering, vaccine development, cancer therapy, and biological imaging. Functional groups are incorporated into self-nanogels and contribute to expressing desirable results such as targeting and modified release. Various molecules, especially insoluble or unstable drugs and encapsulated proteins, present improved solubility and bioavailability as well as reduced side effects when incorporated into self-nanogels. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of pullulan self-nanogels will be analyzed accordingly, and the development of pullulan nanogel systems will be reviewed.
Additional file 1 of Development of cell-laden multimodular Lego-like customizable endometrial tissue assembly for successful tissue regeneration
Creators: name: Park, Se-Ra
name: Kook, Myung Geun
name: Kim, Soo-Rim
name: Lee, Jin Woo
name: Park, Chan Hum
name: Oh, Byung-Chul
name: Jung, YunJae
name: Hong, In-Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1