cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the first-stage leach process at Inco Ltd.’s copper refinery
Creators: name: Van Lier, Roy J. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The INCO Ltd. Copper Refinery Electrowinning Department (CRED) in Copper Cliff, Ontario, processes a Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, As, S and precious metals containing residue produced by the INCO Pressure Carbonyl (IPC) plant. This residue is treated batchwise in two successive leaching stages. The non-oxidative First-Stage Leach (FSL) process extracts the vast majority of the Ni, Co, Fe and As values. The Second-Stage Leach (SSL) process comprises the aqueous pressure oxidation of a predominantly Cu₂S feed under acid-deficient conditions. The basic copper sulfate (BCS) precipitated in this stage is subsequently redissolved with spent electrolyte to separate the copper values from the final residue rich in precious and platinum group metals. The present study is part of a joint INCO-UBC research effort aiming at the optimization of both leaching stages. The purpose of this project is to provide a better understanding of the first-stage chemistry in general and of the behavior of arsenic in particular, since elevated concentrations of this element are detrimental to the efficiency of the second-stage system. The test work shows that the FSL process is insensitive to physicomechanical parameters such as agitation rate and pulp density, as long as the "solids off-bottom condition" is satisfied. In contrast, the effect of temperature and reactor residence time on impurity extraction is pronounced, especially in the case of arsenic. On the basis of thermodynamics and experimental observations made in the course of the investigations, a tentative reaction model is proposed to explain reprecipitation of this element (and nickel) under copper-depleted first-stage conditions. The presence of organic electrowinning additives in solution does not influence the Ni, Co, Fe and As recoveries achieved in the first stage. The iron and, to a lesser extent, nickel extraction depend on the availability of acid in solution, whereas cobalt is leached principally by metathesis reactions. Two scenarios for the leaching of arsenic are postulated, yet neither one can be confirmed; the concentration of arsenic is either below the detection limit of the equipment (XRD) or is obscured by the presence of other elements (SEM). Arsenic redissolution from a copper-depleted FSL batch cannot be accomplished by the introduction of pregnant copper electrolyte to the first-stage flash tank under the conditions of the laboratory simulation. In order to mitigate arsenic related second-stage leaching difficulties it is recommended that a potential probe be installed between the pressure let-down vessel and the filter feed tank. The on-line potential readings would allow timely changes in the make-up to avoid copper depletion of subsequent batches. Simplified calculations have shown that the use of compressed air instead of "push steam" for discharging of first-stage reactors leads to an unacceptable increase in the copper level in solution.
A repository of vanilla long term integrations of the Solar System
Creators: name: Brown, Garett
name: Rein, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We share the source code and a 121 GB dataset of 96 long-term N-body simulations of the Solar System. This dataset can be analyzed by itself to study the dynamics of the Solar System. In addition, our simulations can be the starting point for future studies wishing to explore different initial conditions or additional physical effects on the Solar System. Our simulations can also be used as a comparison and benchmark for new numerical algorithms.
description: Published in Res. Notes AAS, 3 pages, 1 figure, data repository: https://zenodo.org/record/4299102
Cosmological neutrino mass detection: The best probe of neutrino lifetime
Creators: name: Serpico, Pasquale D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future cosmological data may be sensitive to the effects of a finite sum of neutrino masses even as small as ~0.06 eV, the lower limit guaranteed by neutrino oscillation experiments. We show that a cosmological detection of neutrino mass at that level would improve by many orders of magnitude the existing limits on neutrino lifetime, and as a consequence on neutrino secret interactions with (quasi-)massless particles as in majoron models. On the other hand, neutrino decay may provide a way-out to explain a discrepancy
description: 5 pages, 1 eps figure; clarifications and references added, improved discussion, conclusions unchanged. Matches version published in PRL
KIC 2852961 -- a superflaring red monster in the Kepler field
Creators: name: Kővári, Zs.
name: Oláh, K.
name: Günther, M. N.
name: Vida, K.
name: Kriskovics, L.
name: Seli, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superflares on giant stars have up to 100,000 times more energy than the high energy solar flares. However, it is disputed, whether scaling up a solar-type dynamo could explain such a magnitude difference. We investigate the flaring activity of KIC 2852961, a late-type spotted giant. We seek for flares in the Kepler Q0-Q17 datasets by an automated technique together with visual inspection. Flare occurence rate and flare energies are analyzed and compared to flare statistics of different targets with similar flare activity at different energy levels. We find that the flare energy distribution of KIC 2852961 does not seem to be consistent with that of superflares on solar-type stars. Also, we believe that in case of KIC 2852961 spot activity should have an important role in producing such superflares.
description: 3 pages, conference poster to Cool Stars 20.5
O(a) improvement of the HYP static axial and vector currents at one-loop order of perturbation theory
Creators: name: Grimbach, A.
name: Guazzini, D.
name: Knechtli, F.
name: Palombi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate analytically the improvement coefficients of the static axial and vector currents in O(a) improved lattice QCD at one-loop order of perturbation theory. The static quark is described by the hypercubic action, previously introduced in the literature in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of static observables. Within a Schroedinger Functional setup, we derive the Feynman rules of the hypercubic link in time-momentum representation. The improvement coefficients are obtained from on-shell correlators of the static axial and vector currents. As a by-product, we localise the minimum of the static self-energy as a function of the smearing parameters of the action at one-loop order and show that the perturbative minimum is close to its non-perturbative counterpart.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Calamaria lovii Boulenger 1887
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Colubridae
Calamaria
Calamaria lovii

description: Calamaria lovii Boulenger, 1887 — Native.
Calamaria lovii Boulenger, 1887: 169. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.3.63 (formerly BM 1887.2.7.18), by original designation. Type locality: “Rejang River, Sarawak”, East Malaysia.
Low’s Reed Snake
(Figure 17E)
Singapore records.
Calamaria lowi gimletti —Leong, 2004: 290 (Pulau Pawai).—Quah et al., 2018a: 491.
Calamaria gimletti —N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 169.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 169.—Wallach et al., 2014: 137.—Serin et al., 2017: 89–90 (Rifle Range Link [RRF]).—I.S. Law & Kanaike, 2018: 142–143 (Old Upper Thomson Road).— Choo, 2019: 75–75 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).
Calamaria lovii — Charlton, 2020: 74.
Calamaria lovii gimletti —R. Tan & W.W.S. Lee, 2021: 1 (Upper Seletar).
Remarks. Calamaria lovii was first collected in Singapore by Tweedie at Pulau Pawai in 1933, but this material went unreported for 73 years until Leong (2004) published the record. Then, 84 years after this first and only record (Table 2), an individual was found under a pile of leaves in a concrete drain at Rifle Range Link on 27 February 2017, which not only represents the rediscovery of C. lovii in Singapore but also constitutes the first record for Singapore Island (Serin et al. 2017). Shortly after this rediscovery, another individual was also found in leaf litter in a roadside drain along OUTR on 5 September 2018 (Fig. 17E) (Law & Kanaike 2018). Since then, C. lovii has been found crawling on the ground at BTNR on 23 May 2019 (Choo 2019) and at US on 8 May 2021 (Tan & Lee 2021). It is unknown if the Pulau Pawai population is still extant as access to the island has been restricted since at least 1989. At present, C. lovii appears restricted to CNR.
Occurrence. Known from one record on Pulau Pawai in 1933 and four recent observations in CNR. Rare.
Singapore conservation status. Endangered.
Conservation priority. Highest.
IUCN conservation status. Least Concern [2012].
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Old Upper Thomson Road: ZRC.2.7402 (27-Jan-2019); Pulau Pawai: ZRC.2.5896 (Nov-1933); Rifle Range Forest: ZRC.2.7241 (10-Mar-2017).
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Singapore localities. Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Old Upper Thomson Road—Pulau Pawai—Rifle Range Forest—Upper Seletar Reservoir Park.
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on pages 149-150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
VFH+ based shared control for remotely operated mobile robots
Creators: name: Pappas, Pantelis
name: Chiou, Manolis
name: Epsimos, Georgios-Theofanis
name: Nikolaou, Grigoris
name: Stolkin, Rustam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the problem of safe and efficient navigation in remotely controlled robots operating in hazardous and unstructured environments; or conducting other remote robotic tasks. A shared control method is presented which blends the commands from a VFH+ obstacle avoidance navigation module with the teleoperation commands provided by an operator via a joypad. The presented approach offers several advantages such as flexibility allowing for a straightforward adaptation of the controller's behaviour and easy integration with variable autonomy systems; as well as the ability to cope with dynamic environments. The advantages of the presented controller are demonstrated by an experimental evaluation in a disaster response scenario. More specifically, presented evidence show a clear performance increase in terms of safety and task completion time compared to a pure teleoperation approach, as well as an ability to cope with previously unobserved obstacles.
description: 8 pages,6 figures
Additional file 1 of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Chinese Hakka breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Zhang, Yinmei
name: Wu, Heming
name: Gan, Caiyan
name: Rao, Hui
name: Wang, Qiuming
name: Guo, Xueming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Table 1. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants identified in Chinese Hakka breast cancer patients.
Inflation and nonequilibrium renormalization group
Creators: name: Zanella, Juan
name: Calzetta, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study de spectrum of primordial fluctuations and the scale dependence of the inflaton spectral index due to self-interactions of the field. We compute the spectrum of fluctuations by applying nonequilibrium renormalization group techniques.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, submitted to J. Phys. A
Nucleon structure with two flavors of dynamical domain-wall fermions
Creators: name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Blum, Tom
name: Ohta, Shigemi
name: Sasaki, Shoichi
name: Yamazaki, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical lattice quantum chromodynamics calculation of isovector form factors and the first few moments of the isovector structure functions of the nucleon. The calculation employs two degenerate dynamical flavors of domain-wall fermions, resulting in good control of chiral symmetry breaking. Non-perturbative renormalization of the relevant quark currents is performed where necessary. The inverse lattice spacing, $a^{-1}$, is about 1.7 GeV. We use degenerate up and down dynamical quark masses around 1, 3/4 and 1/2 the strange quark mass. The physical volume of the lattice is about $(1.9{fm})^3$. The ratio of the isovector vector to axial charges, $g_A/g_V$, trends a bit lower than the experimental value as the quark mass is reduced toward the physical point. We calculate the momentum-transfer dependences of the isovector vector, axial, induced tensor and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The Goldberger-Treiman relation holds at low momentum transfer and yields a pion-nucleon coupling, $g_{πNN} = 15.5(1.4)$, where the quoted error is only statistical. We find that the flavor non-singlet quark momentum fraction $_{u-d}$ and quark helicity fraction $_{Δu-Δd}$ overshoot their experimental values after linear chiral extrapolation. We obtain the transversity, $<1 >_{δu-δd} = 0.93(6)$ in $\bar{\rm MS}$ at 2 GeV and a twist-3 polarized moment, $d_1$, appears small, suggesting that the Wandzura-Wilczek relation holds approximately. We discuss the systematic errors in the calculation, with particular attention paid to finite-volume effects, excited-state contamination, and chiral extrapolations.
description: 28 pages in two columns; 37 figures, 12 tables
TaxoNN: A Light-Weight Accelerator for Deep Neural Network Training
Creators: name: Hojabr, Reza
name: Givaki, Kamyar
name: Pourahmadi, Kossar
name: Nooralinejad, Parsa
name: Khonsari, Ahmad
name: Rahmati, Dara
name: Najafi, M. Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emerging intelligent embedded devices rely on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to be able to interact with the real-world environment. This interaction comes with the ability to retrain DNNs, since environmental conditions change continuously in time. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a widely used algorithm to train DNNs by optimizing the parameters over the training data iteratively. In this work, first we present a novel approach to add the training ability to a baseline DNN accelerator (inference only) by splitting the SGD algorithm into simple computational elements. Then, based on this heuristic approach we propose TaxoNN, a light-weight accelerator for DNN training. TaxoNN can easily tune the DNN weights by reusing the hardware resources used in the inference process using a time-multiplexing approach and low-bitwidth units. Our experimental results show that TaxoNN delivers, on average, 0.97% higher misclassification rate compared to a full-precision implementation. Moreover, TaxoNN provides 2.1$\times$ power saving and 1.65$\times$ area reduction over the state-of-the-art DNN training accelerator.
description: Accepted to ISCAS 2020. 5 pages, 5 figures
Coronal mass ejections observed by heliospheric imagers at 0.2 and 1 au: the events on April 1 and 2, 2019
Creators: name: Braga, Carlos Roberto
name: Vourlidas, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. We study two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed between April 1-2, 2019 by both the inner Wide-Field Imager for Parker Solar Probe (WISPR-I) and the inner heliospheric imager (HI-1) on board STEREO-A. This is the first study of CME observations from two viewpoints in similar directions but at considerably different solar distances. Aims. Our objective is to understand how the PSP observations affect the CME kinematics, especially due to its proximity to the Sun. Methods. We estimate the CME positions, speeds, accelerations, propagation directions and longitudinal deflections using imaging observations from two spacecraft, and a set of analytical expressions that consider the CME as a point structure and take into account the rapid change in spacecraft position. Results. We find that both CMEs are slow ($< 400\ km\ s^{-1}$), propagating eastward of the Sun-Earth line. The second CME seems to accelerate between $\sim 0.1$ to $\sim 0.2\ au$ and deflect westward with an angular speed consistent with the solar rotation speed. We find some discrepancies in the CME solar distance (up to $0.05\ au$, particularly for CME \#1), latitude (up to $\sim10^{\circ}$) and longitude (up to $24^{\circ}$) when comparing results from different fit cases (different observations or set of free parameters). Conclusions. Discrepancies in longitude are likely due to the feature tracked visually rather than instrumental biases or fit assumptions. For similar reasons, the CME \#1 solar distance, as derived from WISPR-I observations, is larger than the HI-1 result, regardless of the fit parameters considered. Error estimates for CME kinematics do not show any clear trend associated to the observing instrument. The source region location and the lack of any clear in situ counterparts (both at near-Earth and at PSP) support our estimate of the propagation direction for both events.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures. Submitted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Structure of the $Ω$ baryon and the kaon cloud
Creators: name: Jun, Yu-Son
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
name: Kim, June-Young
name: Suh, Jung-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the kaon cloud on the electromagnetic and axial-vector form factors of the $Ω^-$ baryon within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model. We first derive the profile function of the chiral soliton in such a way that the kaon Yukawa tail is properly produced self-consistently. Then, we compute the electromagnetic form factors of the $Ω^-$ baryon. The results for the electromagnetic form factors are compared with the lattice data. We find that the results with the kaon tail employed are in better agreement with the lattice data, compared with those obtained with the pion tail. We also study the axial-vector form factors of the $Ω^-$ baryon, examining the effects of the kaon cloud.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, Final version to appear in PTEP
Reconstruction of a single-active-electron potential from electron momentum distribution produced by strong-field ionization using optimization technique
Creators: name: Shvetsov-Shilovski, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for retrieving of single-active electron potential in an atom or molecule from a given momentum distribution of photoelectrons ionized by a strong laser field. In this method the potential varying within certain limits is found as the result of the optimization procedure aimed at reproducing the given momentum distribution. The optimization using numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for ionization of a model one-dimensional atom shows the good accuracy of the potential reconstruction method. This applies to different ways used for representing of the potential under reconstruction, including a parametrization and determination of the potential by specifying its values on a spatial grid.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Effect of Static Disorder in an Electron Fabry-Perot Interferometer with Two Quantum Scattering Centers
Creators: name: Ciccarello, Francesco
name: Palma, G. Massimo
name: Zarcone, Michelangelo
name: Omar, Yasser
name: Vieira, Vitor Rocha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper -- F. Ciccarello \emph{et al.}, New J. Phys. \textbf{8}, 214 (2006) -- we have demonstrated that the electron transmission properties of a one-dimensional (1D) wire with two identical embedded spin-1/2 impurities can be significantly affected by entanglement between the spins of the scattering centers. Such effect is of particular interest in the control of transmission of quantum information in nanostructures and can be used as a detection scheme of maximally entangled states of two localized spins. In this letter, we relax the constraint that the two magnetic impurities are equal and investigate how the main results presented in the above paper are affected by a static disorder in the exchange coupling constants of the impurities. Good robustness against deviation from impurity symmetry is found for both the entanglement dependent transmission and the maximally entangled states generation scheme.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Symplectic S^1 x N^3, subgroup separability, and vanishing Thurston norm
Creators: name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Vidussi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17, 57M27

description: Let N be a closed, oriented 3-manifold. A folklore conjecture states that $S^{1} \times N$ admits a symplectic structure if and only if $N$ admits a fibration over the circle. We will prove this conjecture in the case when N is irreducible and its fundamental group satisfies appropriate subgroup separability conditions. This statement includes 3-manifolds with vanishing Thurston norm, graph manifolds and 3-manifolds with surface subgroup separability (a condition satisfied conjecturally by all hyperbolic 3-manifolds). Our result covers, in particular, the case of 0-framed surgeries along knots of genus one. The statement follows from the proof that twisted Alexander polynomials decide fiberability for all the 3-manifolds listed above. As a corollary, it follows that twisted Alexander polynomials decide if a knot of genus one is fibered.
description: 16 pages. Minor revision of Version 1. To appear in J. Amer. Math. Soc
A Gaia Survey for Young Stars Associated with the Lupus Clouds
Creators: name: Luhman, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the second data release of the Gaia mission to perform a survey for young stars associated with the Lupus clouds, which have distances of ~160 pc and reside within the Sco-Cen OB association. The Gaia data have made it possible to distinguish Lupus members from most of the stars in other groups in Sco-Cen that overlap with the Lupus clouds, which have contaminated previous surveys. The new catalog of candidate Lupus members should be complete for spectral types earlier than M7 at A_K<0.2 within fields encompassing clouds 1--4. I have used that catalog to characterize various aspects of the Lupus stellar population. For instance, the sequence of low-mass stars in Lupus is ~0.4 mag brighter than the sequence for Upper Sco, which implies an age of ~6 Myr based an adopted age of 10-12 Myr for Upper Sco and the change in luminosity with age predicted by evolutionary models. I also find that the initial mass function in Lupus is similar to that in other nearby star-forming regions based on a comparison of their distributions of spectral types.
description: Astronomical Journal, in press; machine readable tables available at http://personal.psu.edu/kll207/lupus.tar
Optical vortex trajectories in an astigmatic and elliptical Gaussian beam
Creators: name: Roux, Filippus S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optical vortex, produced at one point in an optical beam, would propagate through an optical system to another point where the vortex can be used for some purpose. However, asymmetrical optical elements in such a system can cause astigmatism or at least distroy the rotational symmetry of the beam, which may affect the propagation of the vortex in an undesirable way. While an optical vortex in a rotationally symmetric, stigmatic Gaussian beam retains its initial morphology for as far as it propagates, the morphology of an optical vortex in an asymmetric or astigmatic Gaussian beam changes. The vortex can even be replaced by another with the opposite topological charge. We consider the behavior of single noncanonical vortices propagating in Gaussian beams that are asymmetric and/or astigmatic. General expressions for the vortex trajectories are provided. The locations of the flip planes and the evolution of the anisotropy of the vortex are considered for different non-ideal situations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Simplified Josephson-junction fabrication process for reproducibly high-performance superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Osman, A.
name: Simon, J.
name: Bengtsson, A.
name: Kosen, S.
name: Krantz, P.
name: Perez, D.
name: Scigliuzzo, M.
name: Bylander, Jonas
name: Roudsari, A. Fadavi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simplified fabrication technique for Josephson junctions and demonstrate superconducting Xmon qubits with $T_1$ relaxation times averaging above 50$~μ$s ($Q>$1.5$\times$ 10$^6$). Current shadow-evaporation techniques for aluminum-based Josephson junctions require a separate lithography step to deposit a patch that makes a galvanic, superconducting connection between the junction electrodes and the circuit wiring layer. The patch connection eliminates parasitic junctions, which otherwise contribute significantly to dielectric loss. In our patch-integrated cross-type (PICT) junction technique, we use one lithography step and one vacuum cycle to evaporate both the junction electrodes and the patch. In a study of more than 3600 junctions, we show an average resistance variation of 3.7$\%$ on a wafer that contains forty 0.5$\times$0.5-cm$^2$ chips, with junction areas ranging between 0.01 and 0.16 $μ$m$^2$. The average on-chip spread in resistance is 2.7$\%$, with 20 chips varying between 1.4 and 2$\%$. For the junction sizes used for transmon qubits, we deduce a wafer-level transition-frequency variation of 1.7-2.5$\%$. We show that 60-70$\%$ of this variation is attributed to junction-area fluctuations, while the rest is caused by tunnel-junction inhomogeneity. Such high frequency predictability is a requirement for scaling-up the number of qubits in a quantum computer.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
XMM and Chandra measurements of the AGN intrinsic absorption: dependence on luminosity and redshift
Creators: name: Akylas, A.
name: Georgantopoulos, I.
name: Georgakakis, A.
name: Kitsionas, S.
name: Hatziminaoglou, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine bright XMM data with the Chandra Deep Field South observations in order to explore the behavior of the intrinsic AGN absorption, as a function of redshift and luminosity.Our sample consists of 359 sources selected in the hard 2-8 keV band, spanning the flux range 6\times10^{-16}-$3\times10^{-13} erg s^-1 cm^-2 with a high rate of spectroscopic or photometric redshift completeness (100 and 85 per cent respectively for the Chandra and XMM data. We derive the column density values using X-ray spectral fits. We find that the fraction of obscured AGN falls with increasing luminosity in agreement with previous findings. The fraction of obscured AGN shows an apparent increase at high redshifts (z>2). Simulations show that this effect can be most probably attributed to the fact that at high redshifts the column densities are overestimated.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, A&A accepted
Accessing tens-to-hundreds femtoseconds nuclear state lifetimes with low-energy binary heavy-ion reactions
Creators: name: Ciemala, M.
name: Ziliani, S.
name: Crespi, F. C. L.
name: Leoni, S.
name: Fornal, B.
name: Maj, A.
name: Bednarczyk, P.
name: Benzoni, G.
name: Bracco, A.
name: Boiano, C.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Brambilla, S.
name: Bast, M.
name: Beckers, M.
name: Braunroth, T.
name: Camera, F.
name: Cieplicka-Orynczak, N.
name: Clement, E.
name: Coelli, S.
name: Dorvaux, O.
name: Erturk, S.
name: De France, G.
name: Fransen, C.
name: Goldkuhle, A.
name: Grebosz, J.
name: Harakeh, M. N.
name: Iskra, L. W.
name: Jacquot, B.
name: Karpov, A.
name: Kicinska-Habior, M.
name: Kim, Y. -H.
name: Kmiecik, M.
name: Lemasson, A.
name: Lenzi, S. M.
name: Lewitowicz, M.
name: Li, H.
name: Matea, I.
name: Mazurek, K.
name: Michelagnoli, C.
name: Matejska-Minda, M.
name: Million, B.
name: Muller-Gatermann, C.
name: Nanal, V.
name: Napiorkowski, P.
name: Napoli, D. R.
name: Palit, R.
name: Rejmund, M.
name: Schmitt, Ch.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Stefan, I.
name: Vardaci, E.
name: Wasilewska, B.
name: Wieland, O.
name: Zieblinski, M.
name: Zielinska, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel Monte Carlo technique has been developed to determine lifetimes of excited states in the tens-to-hundreds femtoseconds range. The method is applied to low-energy heavy-ion binary reactions populating nuclei with complex velocity distributions. Its relevance is demonstrated in connection with the $^{18}$O(7.0 MeV/u) + $^{181}$Ta experiment, performed at GANIL with the AGATA+VAMOS+PARIS setup, to study neutron-rich O, C, N, ... nuclei. Excited states in $^{17}$O and $^{19}$O, with known lifetimes, are used to validate the method over the $\sim$20-400 fs lifetime-sensitivity range. Emphasis is given to the unprecedented position resolution provided by $γ$-tracking arrays, which turns out to be essential for reaching the required accuracy in Doppler-shift correction, at the basis of the detailed analysis of $γ$-ray lineshape and resulting state lifetime determination. The technique is anticipated to be an important tool for lifetime investigations in exotic neutron-rich nuclei, produced with intense ISOL-type beams.
Density reorganization in hot nuclei
Creators: name: Samaddar, S. K.
name: De, J. N.
name: Vinas, X.
name: Centelles, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density profile of a hot nuclear system produced in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions is studied in a microcanonical formulation with a momentum and density dependent finite range interaction. The caloric curve and the density evolution with excitation are calculated for a number of systems for the equilibrium mononuclear configuration; they compare favorably with the recent experimental data. The studied density fluctuations are seen to build up rapidly beyond an excitation energy of 8 MeV/u indicating the instability of the system towards nuclear disassembly. Explicit introduction of deformation in the expansion path of the heated nucleus, however, shows that the system might fragment even earlier. We also explore the effects of the nuclear equation of state and of the mass and isospin asymmetry on the nuclear equilibrium configuration and the relevant experimental observables.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, revtex4
Review and Critical Analysis of Privacy-preserving Infection Tracking and Contact Tracing
Creators: name: Buchanan, William J
name: Imran, Muhammad Ali
name: Ur-Rehman, Masood
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Abbasi, Qammer H.
name: Chrysoulas, Christos
name: Haynes, David
name: Pitropakis, Nikolaos
name: Papadopoulos, Pavlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The outbreak of viruses have necessitated contact tracing and infection tracking methods. Despite various efforts, there is currently no standard scheme for the tracing and tracking. Many nations of the world have therefore, developed their own ways where carriers of disease could be tracked and their contacts traced. These are generalized methods developed either in a distributed manner giving citizens control of their identity or in a centralised manner where a health authority gathers data on those who are carriers. This paper outlines some of the most significant approaches that have been established for contact tracing around the world. A comprehensive review on the key enabling methods used to realise the infrastructure around these infection tracking and contact tracing methods is also presented and recommendations are made for the most effective way to develop such a practice.
Single-site-resolved imaging of ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Ryuta
name: Ozawa, Hideki
name: Nak, David C.
name: Nakamura, Ippei
name: Fukuhara, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate single-site-resolved fluorescence imaging of ultracold $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms in a triangular optical lattice by employing Raman sideband cooling. Combining a Raman transition at the D1 line and a photon scattering through an optical pumping of the D2 line, we obtain images with low background noise. The Bayesian optimisation of 11 experimental parameters for fluorescence imaging with Raman sideband cooling enables us to achieve single-atom detection with a high fidelity of $(96.3 \pm 1.3)$%. Single-atom and single-site resolved detection in a triangular optical lattice paves the way for the direct observation of spin correlations or entanglement in geometrically frustrated systems.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Effect of the properties of coal surface and flocculant type on the flocculation of fine coal
Creators: name: Palmés, Jorge Ricardo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Three coal samples, selected out of eight with well-characterized surface properties, were used in flocculation tests. A synthetic mixture of coal and silica was used in the selective flocculation experiments. The flocculants tested included: a hydrophilic polyacrylamide (PAM) and a semihydrophobic (F1029-D) flocculants and a totally hydrophobic latex prepared by emulsion polymerization (FR-7A). Good hydrophobic agglomeration and selectivity were observed with the totally hydrophobic latex on non-oxidized hydrophobic coal only; increased coal hydrophilicity clearly affected agglomeration and selectivity. For the polyelectrolyte and the semihydrophobic flocculants, the flocculation vs. shear rate curves exhibited a maximum, while for the totally hydrophobic latex the degree of flocculation increased continuously over the whole tested range. The flocculation versus flocculant dosage curves displayed a maximum for the polyelectrolyte whereas for both semi-hydrophobic polymer and for the latex the degree of flocculation did not vary significantly beyond a certain dosage. Flocculation was found to be pH dependent: while better flocculation was observed in acidic solutions, better selectivity (deashing) was obtained in alkaline pH ranges.
Area-angle variables for general relativity
Creators: name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a modified Regge calculus for general relativity on a triangulated four dimensional Riemannian manifold where the fundamental variables are areas and a certain class of angles. These variables satisfy constraints which are local in the triangulation. We expect the formulation to have applications to classical discrete gravity and non-perturbative approaches to quantum gravity.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. v2 small changes to match published version
Additional file 1 of Psychosocial Factors Associated with dizziness and chronic dizziness: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Jang, Yuna
name: Hur, Hyun Jung
name: Park, Bumhee
name: Park, Hye Youn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1: Study population and detailed figures of network analysis
Immutable and Democratic Data in permissionless Peer-to-Peer Systems
Creators: name: Tschuchnig, Maximilian Ernst
name: Radovanovic, Dejan
name: Hirsch, Eduard
name: Oberluggauer, Anna-Maria
name: Schäfer, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conventional data storage methods like SQL and NoSQL offer a huge amount of possibilities with one major disadvantage, having to use a centralized authority. This authority may be in the form of a centralized or decentralized master server or a permissioned peer-to-peer setting. This paper looks at different technologies on how to persist data without using a central authority, mainly looking at permissionless peer-to-peer networks, primarily Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) and a combination of DLTs with conventional databases. Afterwards it is shown how a system like this might be implemented in two prototypes which are then evaluated against conventional databases.
Dynamical System Segmentation for Information Measures in Motion
Creators: name: Berrueta, Thomas A.
name: Pervan, Ana
name: Fitzsimons, Kathleen
name: Murphey, Todd D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motions carry information about the underlying task being executed. Previous work in human motion analysis suggests that complex motions may result from the composition of fundamental submovements called movemes. The existence of finite structure in motion motivates information-theoretic approaches to motion analysis and robotic assistance. We define task embodiment as the amount of task information encoded in an agent's motions. By decoding task-specific information embedded in motion, we can use task embodiment to create detailed performance assessments. We extract an alphabet of behaviors comprising a motion without \textit{a priori} knowledge using a novel algorithm, which we call dynamical system segmentation. For a given task, we specify an optimal agent, and compute an alphabet of behaviors representative of the task. We identify these behaviors in data from agent executions, and compare their relative frequencies against that of the optimal agent using the Kullback-Leibler divergence. We validate this approach using a dataset of human subjects (n=53) performing a dynamic task, and under this measure find that individuals receiving assistance better embody the task. Moreover, we find that task embodiment is a better predictor of assistance than integrated mean-squared-error.
description: 8 pages
Thermal simulations for the prediction of porosity in investment castings for stellite grade superalloys
Creators: name: Hermesmann, Christopher Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A computer model was constructed and run to predict the thermal history of a Stellite alloy investment casting prone to the formation of microporosity. The thermal history of the casting was utilized to calculate the thermal gradient at a specified temperature, the rate of cooling during solidification, and the solidification velocity. These parameters were combined in a manner consistent with the formulation of two different criteria (Niyama and L.C.C. criteria) used to predict porosity. The Niyama and L.C.C. criteria successfully predicted the distribution of porosity found in the actual investment casting. Several new casting configurations were designed and modeled on computer until a configuration was constructed that predicted very little or zero porosity in the problematic areas. A new casting configuration, similar to the one designed in this study, was designed and cast by the industrial sponsor. The computer simulation of the casting configuration by the industrial sponsor predicted a small pocket of microporosity. Upon examination, some microporosity, consistent with the predictions by the model, was discovered. The finite element modeling software (ProCAST™) and the Niyama and the L.C.C. criteria served as excellent tools for predicting porosity in Stellite alloy castings.
Summation by Parts and Truncation Error Matching on Hyperboloidal Slices
Creators: name: Gautam, Shalabh
name: Vañó-Viñuales, Alex
name: Hilditch, David
name: Bose, Sukanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine stability of summation by parts (SBP) numerical schemes that use hyperboloidal slices to include future null infinity in the computational domain. This inclusion serves to mitigate outer boundary effects and, in the future, will help reduce systematic errors in gravitational waveform extraction. We also study a setup with truncation error matching. Our SBP-Stable scheme guarantees energy-balance for a class of linear wave equations at the semidiscrete level. We develop also specialized dissipation operators. The whole construction is made at second order accuracy in spherical symmetry, but could be straightforwardly generalized to higher order or spectral accuracy without symmetry. In a practical implementation we evolve first a scalar field obeying the linear wave equation and observe, as expected, long term stability and norm convergence. We obtain similar results with a potential term. To examine the limitations of the approach we consider a massive field, whose equations of motion do not regularize, and whose dynamics near null infinity, which involve excited incoming pulses that can not be resolved by the code, is very different to that in the massless setting. We still observe excellent energy conservation, but convergence is not satisfactory. Overall our results suggest that compactified hyperboloidal slices are likely to be provably effective whenever the asymptotic solution space is close to that of the wave equation.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Quasiparticle Corrections to the Electronic Properties of Anion Vacancies at GaAs(110) and InP(110)
Creators: name: Hedström, Magnus
name: Schindlmayr, Arno
name: Schwarz, Günther
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for calculating optical defect levels and thermodynamic charge-transition levels of point defects in semiconductors, which includes quasiparticle corrections to the Kohn-Sham eigenvalues of density-functional theory. Its applicability is demonstrated for anion vacancies at the (110) surfaces of III-V semiconductors. We find the (+/0) charge-transition level to be 0.49 eV above the surface valence-band maximum for GaAs(110) and 0.82 eV for InP(110). The results show a clear improvement over the local-density approximation and agree closely with an experimental analysis.
description: 4 pages including 1 figure, RevTeX
N=1 Supersymetric Quantum Mechanics in a Scenario with Lorentz-Symmetry Violation
Creators: name: Belich, H.
name: Costa-Soares, T.
name: Helayel-Neto, J. A.
name: Orlando, M. T. D.
name: Paschoal, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in this paper that the dynamics of a non-relativistic particle with spin, coupled to an external electromagnetic field and to a background that breaks Lorentz symmetry, is naturally endowed with an N=1-supersymmetry. This result is achieved in a superspace approach where the particle coordinates and the spin degrees of freedom are components of the same supermultiplet.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Two new polyketone derivatives from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. GXNU TH4b
Creators: name: Ju, Shichao
name: Bo, Xianglong
name: Wu, Furong
name: Tan, Meijing
name: Song, Zisuo
name: He, Fan
name: Li, Wenjun
name: Wei, Youquan
name: Xu, Weifeng
name: Yang, Ruiyun
name: Huang, Xishan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Two new polyketones, exserone B (1) and cytosporone F (2), along with three known metabolites, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus TH4b. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by detailed NMR, and MS spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the combination of experimental ECD and computational ECD, respectively. Compounds 1–2 have strong inhibitory activity against citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) with 95.4% and 93.7% lethal at 1000 mg/kg.
Notes on the occupancy problem with infinitely many boxes: general asymptotics and power laws
Creators: name: Gnedin, Alexander
name: Hansen, Ben
name: Pitman, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60F15 (Primary) 60C05 (Secondary)

description: This paper collects facts about the number of occupied boxes in the classical balls-in-boxes occupancy scheme with infinitely many positive frequencies: equivalently, about the number of species represented in samples from populations with infinitely many species. We present moments of this random variable, discuss asymptotic relations among them and with related random variables, and draw connections with regular variation, which appears in various manifestations.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-PS092 in the Probability Surveys (http://www.i-journals.org/ps/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)