cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
REX: Designing User-centered Repair and Explanations to Address Robot Failures
Creators: name: Lee, Christine P
name: Praveena, Pragathi
name: Mutlu, Bilge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots in real-world environments continuously engage with multiple users and encounter changes that lead to unexpected conflicts in fulfilling user requests. Recent technical advancements (e.g., large-language models (LLMs), program synthesis) offer various methods for automatically generating repair plans that address such conflicts. In this work, we understand how automated repair and explanations can be designed to improve user experience with robot failures through two user studies. In our first, online study ($n=162$), users expressed increased trust, satisfaction, and utility with the robot performing automated repair and explanations. However, we also identified risk factors -- safety, privacy, and complexity -- that require adaptive repair strategies. The second, in-person study ($n=24$) elucidated distinct repair and explanation strategies depending on the level of risk severity and type. Using a design-based approach, we explore automated repair with explanations as a solution for robots to handle conflicts and failures, complemented by adaptive strategies for risk factors. Finally, we discuss the implications of incorporating such strategies into robot designs to achieve seamless operation among changing user needs and environments.
Online and on the picket line
Creators: name: Howell, Crystal
name: Schmitzer, Caleb
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: Teacher organizing in the twenty-first century presents new and as-yet unstudied challenges and opportunities for union leaders and members. In this article, we explore the structure and function of the secret Facebook group created and used by teachers in West Virginia (USA) prior to, during, and since their historic statewide strike in February 2018. Working from poststructuralist and social movement unionist frameworks, we analyze focus group data generated with the group’s admins and moderators as well as survey data collected from the group’s general membership. Together, these data reveal a number of overt and covert group functions, including allowing members to imagine a new good teacher subjectivity. We argue that supporting members as they test such new subjectivities and make their personal, local activism visible within online communities is critical for organizers aiming to nurture collective action among union members, particularly teachers.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022)
Achievement of treatment goals with canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Blonde, Lawrence
name: Woo, Vincent
name: Mathieu, Chantal
name: Yee, Jacqueline
name: Ujjwala Vijapurkar
name: Canovatchel, William
name: Meininger, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Objective:To evaluate attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals with canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Research design and methods:Data were pooled from four 26-week, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 studies of patients with T2DM (N = 2313). Goal attainment with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo was evaluated in the overall population, and in subgroups based on age and sex, at baseline and Week 26.Clinical trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT01106625, NCT01106690.Main outcome measures:Proportion of patients achieving hemoglobin A1C (A1C) <7.0% and ≤6.5%, systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 and <130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90 and <80 mmHg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ≥40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L), and the composite endpoint of A1C <7.0%, BP <130/80 mmHg, and LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) at baseline and Week 26, and proportion with body weight reduction ≥5% at Week 26.Results:At baseline, similar proportions of patients met diabetes-related treatment goals across groups. At Week 26, a greater proportion of patients achieved A1C, SBP, DBP, and HDL-C goals with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg compared with placebo. More patients achieved body weight reduction of ≥5% with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo at Week 26. Fewer patients had LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) at Week 26 with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo. Canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg also provided better attainment of the composite endpoint of A1C <7.0%, BP <130/80 mmHg, and LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) compared with placebo. Attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals was generally similar regardless of age and sex. Key limitations of this analysis include the selection of specific treatment targets that may not be reflective of all patient experiences, the non-prespecified, post hoc nature of the analysis, and the short duration of studies included in the pooled population.Conclusion:Canagliflozin was associated with better attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals compared with placebo, and was generally well tolerated at 26 weeks.
Beyond Defeat
Creators: name: Dyke, Erin
name: Anderson, Heather
name: Brown, Autumn
name: Sabbagh, Jinan El
name: Fernandez, Hannah
name: Goodwin, Stacey
name: Hickey, Mark
name: Lowther, Jennie
name: Price, Stephanie
name: Ruby, Megan
name: Williams, Debbie
name: Williams, Jennifer
name: Worth, Angel
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: As a research team, we collected 40 oral history interviews with teachers and support professionals across the state who meaningfully participated in the 2018 Oklahoma education walkouts. The teachers and staff we interviewed are voices not previously cited in local or national news or would be identified readily as prominent or powerful leaders in the strike -- they are everyday folks, like many of the co-authors, whose vision and critical labor made the strike happen. Our collective analysis illuminates the limits in framing the event narrowly in terms of win-lose or as an anomalous event that began overnight with a statewide Facebook group in March and ended April 12th, when schools reopened. Instead, we draw from our interviews to suggest a framing that centers a constructively critical and in-depth understanding of what educators, students, and their communities collectively began and continue to learn and create in preparation for, during, and in the afterlife of the strike. At the same time, we work to understand in our analysis when and how such collective grassroots work was stalled or challenged. Further, we suggest analyses of the historic event should be more discerning of who speaks for the state’s educators and, alternatively, whose voices and perspectives exist only at the margins of the public record, if at all.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022)
Sainete del Sí: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Achievement of treatment goals with canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Blonde, Lawrence
name: Woo, Vincent
name: Mathieu, Chantal
name: Yee, Jacqueline
name: Ujjwala Vijapurkar
name: Canovatchel, William
name: Meininger, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: To evaluate attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals with canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Data were pooled from four 26-week, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 studies of patients with T2DM (N = 2313). Goal attainment with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo was evaluated in the overall population, and in subgroups based on age and sex, at baseline and Week 26. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT01106625, NCT01106690. Proportion of patients achieving hemoglobin A1C (A1C) <7.0% and ≤6.5%, systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 and <130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90 and <80 mmHg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ≥40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L), and the composite endpoint of A1C <7.0%, BP <130/80 mmHg, and LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) at baseline and Week 26, and proportion with body weight reduction ≥5% at Week 26. At baseline, similar proportions of patients met diabetes-related treatment goals across groups. At Week 26, a greater proportion of patients achieved A1C, SBP, DBP, and HDL-C goals with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg compared with placebo. More patients achieved body weight reduction of ≥5% with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo at Week 26. Fewer patients had LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) at Week 26 with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo. Canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg also provided better attainment of the composite endpoint of A1C <7.0%, BP <130/80 mmHg, and LDL-C <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) compared with placebo. Attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals was generally similar regardless of age and sex. Key limitations of this analysis include the selection of specific treatment targets that may not be reflective of all patient experiences, the non-prespecified, post hoc nature of the analysis, and the short duration of studies included in the pooled population. Canagliflozin was associated with better attainment of diabetes-related treatment goals compared with placebo, and was generally well tolerated at 26 weeks.
Optimal Thermometers with Spin Networks
Creators: name: Abiuso, Paolo
name: Erdman, Paolo Andrea
name: Ronen, Michael
name: Noé, Frank
name: Haack, Géraldine
name: Perarnau-Llobet, Martí
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heat capacity $\mathcal{C}$ of a given probe is a fundamental quantity that determines, among other properties, the maximum precision in temperature estimation. In turn, $\mathcal{C}$ is limited by a quadratic scaling with the number of constituents of the probe, which provides a fundamental limit in quantum thermometry. Achieving this fundamental bound with realistic probes, i.e. experimentally amenable, remains an open problem. In this work, we tackle the problem of engineering optimal thermometers by using networks of spins. Restricting ourselves to two-body interactions, we derive general properties of the optimal configurations and exploit machine-learning techniques to find the optimal couplings. This leads to simple architectures, which we show analytically to approximate the theoretical maximal value of $\mathcal{C}$ and maintain the optimal scaling for short- and long-range interactions. Our models can be encoded in currently available quantum annealers, and find application in other tasks requiring Hamiltonian engineering, ranging from quantum heat engines to adiabatic Grover's search.
description: 10 (+16) pages
Critical Quantitative Research
Creators: name: Davis, Bradley
name: Saunders, Daniel
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this conceptual paper is to engage with the idea of criticality, specifically as performed by higher education researchers that espouse a critical quantitative approach. We contend there are many inherent hazards, ethical commitments, and contradictions that come with engaging in critical quantitative inquiry. Chief among the hazards and contradictions is the outright foreclosure of criticality as theorized by the very foundational principles cited in the extant conceptualizations of critical quantitative inquiry. To date, and as we will demonstrate through our review of relevant research, critical quantitative inquiry in education has largely failed to establish these recognitions. After examining the primary works on the topic, we offer a discussion of ways to recapture some of the positive potential we find in the early writings on critical quantitative inquiry.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022)
Relación de Currillo y Don Camilo en verso andaluz: Digital edition
Creators: name: Miguel, Betti
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Relación de Currillo y Don Camilo en verso andaluz: Digital edition
Creators: name: Betti Miguel
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Relación de Currillo y Don Camilo en verso andaluz: Digital edition
Creators: name: Betti Miguel
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
An ab initio electronic density study of the CH4–Ar, CH4–Xe, CH4–H2O and CH4–H2S complexes: insights into the nature of the intermolecular interaction
Creators: name: Bartocci, Alessio
name: Frati, Federica
name: Luiz F. Roncaratti
name: Cappelletti, David
name: Tarantelli, Francesco
name: Belpassi, Leonardo
name: Pirani, Fernando
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The main point of this paper concerns the theoretical characterisation of the effects induced by the intermolecular interaction on the electron density upon the formation of CH4-H2X (X=O,S) and CH4–Ng (Ng=Ar,Xe) complexes. The work has been stimulated by recent molecular scattering beams experiments, which point out differences in both strength and anisotropy of the intermolecular potential between CH4–H2X respect to reference CH4–Ng systems. Herein, attention is focused on the electronic charge polarisation and particularly charge transfer (CT) effects between involved partners, directly related to the topology of the full potential energy surface. The modification of electron density and the occurrence of CT have been evaluated via the charge displacement function worked out by high level ab initio calculations. Moreover, in the case of a specific configuration of CH4–H2O system, we define the leading interaction components, including their relative stabilising role and test our intermolecular potential model with reference to ab initio calculations. The results obtained indicate that CT clearly affects the strength and the anisotropy of CH4–H2O complex, and covers a minor and negligible role for CH4–H2S and the noble gas complexes, respectively.
Poincaré-Chetaev equations in the Dirac's formalism of constrained systems
Creators: name: Deriglazov, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We single out a class of Lagrangians on a group manifold, for which one can introduce non-canonical coordinates in the phase space, which simplify the construction of the Poisson structure without explicitly calculating the Dirac bracket. In the case of $SO(3)$\,- manifold, the application of this formalism leads to the Poincaré-Chetaev equations. The general solution to these equations is written in terms of exponential of the Hamiltonian vector field.
description: 6 pages, Typos fixed, references added
Relación andaluza. El Tremendo: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
title: Transformationspotenziale großflächiger Parkplätze für den nachhaltigen Stadtumbau
Creators: name: Weinmann, Anika
name: Haas, Julia
name: Dunker, Vanessa
name: Bohnet, Max
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für Kartographie und Geobasisdaten
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mobilität
subject: Stadtumbau
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Parkfläche
subject: großflächige Parkplätze
subject: Umwandlung
subject: Potenzial
subject: Datenerfassung
subject: Amtliches Liegenschaftskatasterinformationssystems (ALKIS)
subject: OpenStreetMap
subject: OSM
subject: Digitale Orthophotos (DOPs)
subject: Oberflächenklassifikation
subject: Bewertung
subject: Open-Source-GIS
subject: mobility
subject: urban redevelopment
subject: sustainable development
subject: expansive parking lots
subject: transformation potential
subject: data entry
subject: surface classification
subject: appraisal
subject: 520

description: Angesichts der Anforderungen an einen nachhaltigen zukunftsweisenden Stadtumbau werden im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts Transformationspotenziale großflächiger Parkplätze untersucht. Dafür werden diese Flächen unter der Nutzung von Open Data und Open-Source-GIS-Software methodisch erfasst, klassifiziert und bewertet sowie Transformationspotenziale aufgezeigt. Mögliche städtebauliche Entwicklungsmaßnahmen lassen sich darüber hinaus durch eine automatisierte Typisierung ableiten. Zusätzlich verdeutlichen Best-Practice-Beispiele, wie die Transformation großflächiger Parkplätze gelingen kann.
description: FOSSGIS 2024, in Hamburg, 20.-23. März 2024: Anwenderkonferenz für Freie und Open Source Software für Geoinformationssysteme, Open Data und OpenStreetMap, p. 191
Relación andaluza. El Tremendo: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Dual anti-inflammatory and selective inhibition mechanism of leukotriene A4 hydrolase/aminopeptidase: insights from comparative molecular dynamics and binding free energy analyses
Creators: name: Appiah-Kubi, Patrick
name: Soliman, Mahmoud E.S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human leukotriene A4 hydrolase/aminopeptidase (LTA4H) is a zinc metalloenzyme with a dual catalytic activity; conversion of LTA4 into LTB4 and degradation of chemotactic tripeptide Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP). Existing inhibitors, such as SC-57461A, block both catalytic activities of the enzyme, leading to drug failures. Recently, a novel compound, ARM1, was reported to selectively inhibit the hydrolase activity of LTA4H while sparing its aminopeptidase activity. However, the molecular understanding of such preferential inhibitory mechanism remains obscure. The discovery of ARM1 prompted us to further explore its binding theme and provide more insight into the structural and dual mechanistic features of LTA4H protein. To accomplish this, we embarked on wide range of computational tools, including comparative molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations and postdynamic analyses for LTA4H and in complex with ARM1, PGP, ARM1-PGP, and SC-57461A. MD analysis reveals that the binding of ARM1 exhibits a more stable active site and overall stable protein conformation when compared to the nonselective inhibitor SC-57461A. In addition, MM/GBSA-binding free energy calculation also reveals that ARM1 exhibit a lower binding affinity, when compared to the nonselective inhibitor SC-57461A – which is in a great agreement with experimental data. Per residue energy decomposition analysis showed that Phe314, Val367, Tyr378, Trp311, Pro382, and Leu369 are key residues critical for the selective inhibition of the epoxide hydrolase activity of LTA4H by ARM1. Findings from this report will not only provide more understanding into the structural, dynamic, and mechanistic features of LTA4H but would also assist toward the rational design of novel and selective hydrolase inhibitors of LTA4H as anti-inflammatory drugs.
“Don’t Vax Up”
Creators: name: Wolfmeyer, Mark
name: Lupinacci, John
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: Although many other factors come to bear on present issues in the contemporary world, vaccine hesitancy and refusal are also the direct result of poor STEM education. In this article we employ a sociological thought experiment methodology to articulate the shortcomings of STEM education and suggest pathways for much needed changes in solving future pandemics and other 21st century challenges. The problems we expose in STEM education include unequal access to high quality education via inter and intra school tracking and curricular issues where STEM does not integrate with other disciplines, like social studies, and fails to engage a critical perspective on STEM informed by advanced philosophies of science and epistemology.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Where am I in STEM?
Creators: name: Stapleton, Sarah Riggs
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: This critique of STEM comes from a feminist, embodied approach, which takes into account how my positionality in relation to the acronym intersects with my lived experience and perspective. My hope is that speaking from personal experience will help initiate fissures and dissonance about STEM discourse, in chorus with other positions and arguments, to critically question and hopefully dislodge the STEM acronym as a hegemonic, pervasive, and unexamined construct. I offer my experiences as a way of joining others in open critique of an often unquestioned yet neoliberal dominating force in science education. My lived experiences (and frustrations) with STEM are numerous. I condense these experiences into four episodes: the STEM academic job interview, the STEM education meeting, dissonance between STEM and my gendered identity, and exclusion of my humanist science research interests by the STEM acronym.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Quantum Commutation Relationship for Photonic Orbital Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Saito, Shinichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of photons are already ubiquitously being used for numerous applications. However, there is a fundamental question whether photonic OAM operators satisfy standard quantum mechanical commutation relationship or not; this also poses a serious concern on the interpretation of an optical vortex as a fundamental quantum degree of freedom. Here, we examined canonical angular momentum operators defined in a cylindrical coordinate, and applied them to Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes in a graded index (GRIN) fibre. We confirmed the validity of commutation relationship for the LG modes and found that ladder operators also work properly with the increment or decrement in units of the Dirac constant ($\hbar$). With those operators, we calculated the quantum-mechanical expectation value of the magnitude of angular momentum, which includes contributions from both intrinsic and extrinsic OAM. The obtained results suggest that OAM characterised by the LG modes exhibits a well-defined quantum degree of freedom.
Optimisation of time-ordered processes in the finite and asymptotic regime
Creators: name: Weilenmann, Mirjam
name: Budroni, Costantino
name: Navascues, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many problems in quantum information theory can be formulated as optimizations over the sequential outcomes of dynamical systems subject to unpredictable external influences. Such problems include many-body entanglement detection through adaptive measurements, computing the maximum average score of a preparation game over a continuous set of target states and limiting the behavior of a (quantum) finite-state automaton. In this work, we introduce tractable relaxations of this class of optimization problems. To illustrate their performance, we use them to: (a) compute the probability that a finite-state automaton outputs a given sequence of bits; (b) develop a new many-body entanglement detection protocol; (c) let the computer invent an adaptive protocol for magic state detection. As we further show, the maximum score of a sequential problem in the limit of infinitely many time steps is in general incomputable. Nonetheless, we provide general heuristics to bound this quantity and show that they provide useful estimates in relevant scenarios.
description: Close to published version
Sufficient conditions for the surjectivity of radical curve parametrizations
Creators: name: Caravantes, Jorce
name: Sendra, J. Rafael
name: Sevilla, David
name: Villarino, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 14Q05, 68W30

description: In this paper, we introduce the notion of surjective radical parametrization and we prove sufficient conditions for a radical curve parametrization to be surjective.
description: 18 pages, no figures
Politics, Imagination, and the Problem of Antiquation
Creators: name: Bazzul, Jesse
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2022

description: Political imagination has never been more important, yet it is very often foreclosed in conservative educational spaces. It’s important to question the occlusion of political imagination from both science and education on a general level—something STEM-types are actively discouraged from thinking about. In order for education fields to progress and face the crises of our century there must be space to dream/think/imagine ‘the political’ along infinite horizons. This essay is an attempt to clear some space for political imagination by problematizing quick dismissals of older critical perspectives (e.g. materialisms), and suggests that any turn to ontology needs to be continually interpreted and politicized. Giving space to politics and imagination is vital as educators dream about different futures in the ruins of capitalism. This paper speaks to the ‘ontological turn’ that is still occurring in various academic disciplines in the humanities and social sciences.
description: Critical Education, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Relación andaluza. El Tremendo: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
A Study on Magnetic-sensitivity Wavelength Position of the Working Line Used by the Full-Disk Magnetograph onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S/FMG)
Creators: name: Liu, S.
name: Su, J. T.
name: Bai, X. Y.
name: Deng, Y. Y.
name: Chen, J.
name: Song, Y. L.
name: Wang, X. F.
name: Xu, H. Q.
name: Yang, X.
name: Idrees, Shahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing data from the $Solar$ $Magnetism$ and $Activity$ $Telescope$ (SMAT), analytical solutions of polarized radiative transfer equations, and in-orbit test data from the Full-disk Magnetograph (FMG) onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), this study reveals the magnetic-sensitivity spectral positions for the Fe {\sc i} $λ$5234.19 A, working line used by FMG. From the experimental data of SMAT, it is found that the most sensitivity position is located at the line center for linear polarization (Stokes-Q/U), while it is about -0.07 A away from the line center for circular polarization (Stokes-V). Moreover, both the theoretical analysis and the in-orbit test data analysis of FMG prove again the above results. Additionally, the theoretical analysis suggests the presence of distinct spectral pockets (centered at 0.08-0.15 A) from the line, harboring intense magnetic sensitivity across all three Stokes parameters. Striking a balance between high sensitivity for both linear and circular polarization while capturing additional valuable information, a spectral position of -0.08 A emerges as the champion for routine FMG magnetic-field observations.
description: 12pages,8figures
Cerium oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in the sediment-dwelling amphipod Corophium volutator
Creators: name: Yuktee Dogra
name: Arkill, Kenton P.
name: Elgy, Christine
name: Stolpe, Bjorn
name: Lead, Jamie
name: Valsami-Jones, Eugenia
name: Tyler, Charles R.
name: Galloway, Tamara S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) exhibit fast valence exchange between Ce(IV) and Ce(III) associated with oxygen storage and both pro and antioxidant activities have been reported in laboratory models. The reactivity of CeO2 NPs once they are released into the aquatic environment is virtually unknown, but this is important to determine for assessing their environmental risk. Here, we show that amphipods (Corophium volutator) grown in marine sediments containing CeO2 NPs showed a significant increase in oxidative damage compared to those grown in sediments without NPs and those containing large-sized (bulk) CeO2 particles. There was no exposure effect on survival, but significant increases in single-strand DNA breaks, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity were observed after a 10-day exposure to 12.5 mg L−1 CeO2. Characterisation of the CeO2 NPs dispersed in deionised or saline exposure waters revealed that more radicals were produced by CeO2 NPs compared with bulk CeO2. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis revealed that both CeO2 NPs were predominantly Ce(III) in saline waters compared to deionised waters where they were predominantly Ce(IV). In both types of medium, the bulk CeO2 consisted mainly of Ce(IV). These results support a model whereby redox cycling of CeO2 NPs between Ce(III) and Ce(IV) is enhanced in saline waters, leading to sublethal oxidative damage to tissues in our test organism.
Nanomechanical Photothermal Near Infrared Spectromicroscopy of Individual Nanorods
Creators: name: Kanellopulos, Kostas
name: West, Robert G.
name: Schmid, Silvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding light-matter interaction at the nanoscale requires probing the optical properties of matter at the individual nano-absorber level. To this end, we have developed a nanomechanical photothermal sensing platform that can be used as a full spectromicroscopy tool for single molecule and single particle analysis. As a demonstration, the absorption cross-section of individual gold nanorods is resolved from the spectroscopic and polarization standpoint. By exploiting the capabilities of nanomechanical photothermal spectromicroscopy, the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the NIR range is unravelled and quantitatively characterized. The polarization features of the transversal surface plasmon resonance (TSPR) in the VIS range are also analyzed. The measurements are compared with the finite element method (FEM), elucidating the role played by electron-surface and bulk scattering in these plasmonic nanostructures, as well as the interaction between the nano-absorber and the nanoresonator, ultimately resulting in absorption strength modulation. Finally, a comprehensive comparison is conducted, evaluating the signal-to-noise ratio of nanomechanical photothermal spectromicroscopy against other cutting-edge single molecule and particle spectroscopy techniques. This analysis highlights the remarkable potential of nanomechanical photothermal spectromicroscopy due to its exceptional sensitivity.
Thrombocytopenia model with minimal manipulation of blood cells allowing whole blood assessment of platelet function
Creators: name: Skipper, Mette Tiedemann
name: Rubak, Peter
name: Larsen, Ole Halfdan
name: Anne-Mette Hvas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: In vitro models of thrombocytopenia are useful research tools. Previously published models have shortcomings altering properties of platelets and other blood components. The aim of the present study was to develop a whole blood method to induce thrombocytopenia with minimal manipulation, and to describe platelet function in induced thrombocytopenia in individuals with healthy platelets. Hirudin anticoagulated blood was obtained from 20 healthy volunteers. One part of the blood was gently centrifuged at 130g for 15 minutes. The platelet-rich plasma was replaced with phosphate-buffered saline to establish thrombocytopenia. Various levels of thrombocytopenia were achieved by combining different volumes of baseline whole blood and thrombocytopenic blood. Platelet counts were measured by flow cytometry (Navios, Beckman Coulter) and routine haematological analyser (Sysmex XE-5000). Platelet function was analysed by impedance aggregometry (Multiplate® Analyzer, Roche) and by flow cytometry (Navios, Beckman Coulter) using collagen, adenosine diphosphate, thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 and ristocetin as agonists. Median baseline platelet count was 227×109/l. The in vitro model yielded median platelet counts at 51×109/l (range 26–93×109/l). We observed minor, yet significant, changes in platelet size and maturity from baseline to modelled thrombocytopenia. In the thrombocytopenic samples, significant and positive linear associations were found between platelet count and platelet aggregation across all agonists (all p-values<0.001). Platelet function assessed by flow cytometry showed minimal alterations in the thrombocytopenic samples. A new whole blood-based model of thrombocytopenia was established and validated. This new model serves as a useful future tool, particularly to explore platelet function in patients with thrombocytopenia.
Khalil et al. - 2022 - Nature-inspired Algorithms as a Part of the Biomim.pdf
Creators: name: Khalil, Randa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Biomimetic architecture is mainly derived from biological phenomena. It is a significant method to solve architectural design and engineering problems. Biomimicry aims to mimic biological concepts and behaviors and apply them in buildings. Biomimetic architecture methods are presently classified into three levels: the organism level, the organism behavior, and the ecosystem level. This paper contributes to conceptualizing a novel approach that leverages the capabilities of the biomimetic architecture. The proposed architectural method is composed of two main modules: direct and indirect mimication. This novel method is elaborated through the thematic analysis method by a brief discussion. This research's main finding is the novel biomimetic architecture method.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in the sediment-dwelling amphipod Corophium volutator
Creators: name: Yuktee Dogra
name: Arkill, Kenton P.
name: Elgy, Christine
name: Stolpe, Bjorn
name: Lead, Jamie
name: Valsami-Jones, Eugenia
name: Tyler, Charles R.
name: Galloway, Tamara S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) exhibit fast valence exchange between Ce(IV) and Ce(III) associated with oxygen storage and both pro and antioxidant activities have been reported in laboratory models. The reactivity of CeO2 NPs once they are released into the aquatic environment is virtually unknown, but this is important to determine for assessing their environmental risk. Here, we show that amphipods (Corophium volutator) grown in marine sediments containing CeO2 NPs showed a significant increase in oxidative damage compared to those grown in sediments without NPs and those containing large-sized (bulk) CeO2 particles. There was no exposure effect on survival, but significant increases in single-strand DNA breaks, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity were observed after a 10-day exposure to 12.5 mg L−1 CeO2. Characterisation of the CeO2 NPs dispersed in deionised or saline exposure waters revealed that more radicals were produced by CeO2 NPs compared with bulk CeO2. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis revealed that both CeO2 NPs were predominantly Ce(III) in saline waters compared to deionised waters where they were predominantly Ce(IV). In both types of medium, the bulk CeO2 consisted mainly of Ce(IV). These results support a model whereby redox cycling of CeO2 NPs between Ce(III) and Ce(IV) is enhanced in saline waters, leading to sublethal oxidative damage to tissues in our test organism.
Relación andaluza. El Tremendo: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum of Coherent Photons in a Waveguide
Creators: name: Saito, Shinichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin angular momentum of a photon corresponds to a polarisation degree of freedom of lights, and such that various polarisation properties are coming from macroscopic manifestation of quantum-mechanical properties of lights. An orbital degree of freedom of lights is also manipulated to form a vortex of lights with orbital angular momentum, which is also quantised. However, it is considered that spin and orbital angular momentum of a photon cannot be split from the total orbital angular momentum in a gauge-invariant way. Here, we revisit this issue for a coherent monochromatic ray from a laser source, propagating in a waveguide. We obtained the helical components of spin and orbital angular momentum by the correspondence with the classical Ponyting vector. By applying a standard quantum field theory using a coherent state, we obtained the gauge-independent expressions of spin and orbital angular momentum operators. During the derivations, it was essential to take a finite cross-sectional area into account, which leads the finite longitudinal component along the direction of the propagation, which allows the splitting. Therefore, the finite mode profile was responsible to justify the splitting, which was not possible as far as we are using plane-wave expansions in a standard theory of quantum-electrodynamics (QED). Our results suggest spin and orbital angular momentum are well-defined quantum-mechanical freedoms at least for coherent photons propagating in a waveguide and in a vacuum with a finite mode profile.
Special Theory of Relativity for a Graded Index Fibre
Creators: name: Saito, Shinichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The speed of light ($c$) in a vacuum is independent on a choice of frames to describe the propagation, according to the theory of relativity. We consider how light is characterised in a material, where the speed of light is different from that in a vacuum due to the finite dielectric constant. The phase velocity in a material is smaller than $c$, such that the speed of a moving frame can be larger than the phase velocity, such that the frame can move faster than the speed of light in a material. Consequently, an unusual Doppler effect is expected, and the wavelength in the moving frame changes from the red-shift to the blue-shift upon increasing the speed of the frame. The corresponding energy of the light also changes sign from positive to negative, while momentum is always positive, leading to the changes of sings for the phase velocity and the helicity. In a graded index fibre, where the exact solution is available, even more complicated phenomena are expected, due to the finite effective mass of photons. Upon the increase of the energy gap, generated by optical confinements and optical orbital angular momentum, the effective mass of photons increases. If the gap is large enough, momentum starts to change the sign upon increasing the frame velocity, while the energy of photons is always positive. In this case, the phase velocity diverges if momentum is in agreement with the fame velocity. Contrary to the unusual behaviours of the phase velocity, the group velocity is always below $c$. This thought-experiment might be useful to consider the insight for the polarisation sate of light.