cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Dynamic Programming: Solltrajektorienfolgeregelung und Konvergenzbedingungen
Creators: name: Köpf, Florian
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Adaptive Dynamic Programming (ADP)
Reinforcement Learning (RL)
Persistent Excitation (PE)
Adaptive Control
Learning-Based Control
Optimal Control
Selbstlernende Regler
Adaptive Regelung
Systemanregung
Optimale Regelung

description: Adaptive Dynamic Programming (ADP) steht als vielversprechendes und zukunftsorientiertes regelungstechnisches Werkzeug im Fokus der aktuellen Forschung. Allerdings existieren hierfür bislang weder flexibel einsetzbare, mit dem ADP-Mechanismus kompatible Solltrajektoriendarstellungen noch theoretische Untersuchungen hinsichtlich einer geeigneten Systemanregung zur Sicherstellung der Konvergenz. Die vorliegende Arbeit schließt diese Lücken: Zum einen werden erstmals zeitdiskrete und zeitkontinuierliche Methoden präsentiert und analysiert, die flexible Solltrajektoriendarstellungen in ADP-Ansätze integrieren. Die explizite Abhängigkeit der vorgestellten, neuartigen Value- bzw. Q-Function und des darauf basierenden gelernten Regelgesetzes von Trajektorienparametern, die den aktuellen Sollverlauf repräsentieren, ermöglicht eine variable Vorgabe der Solltrajektorie zur Laufzeit. Zum anderen werden erstmalig theoretische Bedingungen an den Systemzustand hergeleitet, die sicherstellen, dass eine für die Konvergenz der Adaption zentrale Anregungseigenschaft erfüllt ist. Verbleibende Freiheitsgrade erlauben zudem die Berücksichtigung anwendungsspezifischer Anforderungen bei der Systemanregung. Die theoretischen Aussagen werden in Simulationen bestätigt. Erste reale Anwendungen der vorgestellten adaptiven optimalen Trajektorienfolgeregelungsmethoden offenbaren schließlich das Potenzial dieser Ansätze. Flexible und effiziente Regler, die aufgrund der Berücksichtigung des Solltrajektorienverlaufs vorausschauend agieren, können ohne aufwendige Modellbildung aus realen Messdaten erlernt werden und sind zudem bisherigen Ansätzen bezüglich ihrer Performanz überlegen.
Visual literacy in adult English language teaching: An exploration of teachers’ understandings and self-reported practices
Creators: name: ANDRES GABRIEL VILLAMIZAR MALDONADO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education
subject: 200303 English as a Second Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 120307 Visual Communication Design (incl. Graphic Design)
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: Language

description: In a visual society, visual literacy – the ability to meaningfully interpret and create images – plays a central role in effective communication. This study explores adult English language teachers’ understandings of visual literacy, and their self-reported practices using images in their classrooms that are populated by overseas students preparing for university, or migrants settling in Australia. Findings revealed that the participating teachers used images to help their learners improve their reading, writing and speaking skills, rather than develop visual literacy. This approach signals the need for more explicit inclusion of visual literacy in teacher education and in adult English language teaching programs.
Countering Quantum Noise with Supplementary Classical Information
Creators: name: Barrett, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider situations in which i) Alice wishes to send quantum information to Bob via a noisy quantum channel, ii) Alice has a classical description of the states she wishes to send and iii) Alice can make use of a finite amount of noiseless classical information. After setting up the problem in general, we focus attention on one specific scenario in which Alice sends a known qubit down a depolarizing channel along with a noiseless cbit. We describe a protocol which we conjecture is optimal and calculate the average fidelity obtained. A surprising amount of structure is revealed even for this simple case which suggests that relationships between quantum and classical information could in general be very intricate.
description: RevTeX, 5 pages, 2 figures Typo in reference 9 corrected
Nanoparticle Based Photoacoustic Treatment of Cancer
Creators: name: SUDARAKA MALLAWA ARACHCHI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 100711 Nanophotonics
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Computational Physics
subject: Condensed Matter Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cancer afflicts a compelling portion of the worldwide population and modern treatment modalities are tainted with myriads of debilitating side-effects. Conceptual nano-medicine modalities such as 'cellular hyperthermia' shed hope on a cancer averted future. However, the required precise control of thermal emission from nano-particle structures remains an open challenge. This thesis investigates utilizing 'super-radiance' to achieve this task. Structured nano-particle emitter assemblies (quantum-dot ring and buckminsterfullerene) are analysed using a quantum-electrodynamics framework and validated using tissue model simulations. The results indicate that superradiance can be used to successfully generate a precise thermal energy pulse to achieve cancer hyperthermia requirements.
Harmonically trapped fermion gases: exact and asymptotic results in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Brack, Matthias
name: Murthy, M. V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the particle and kinetic energy densities of harmonically trapped fermion gases at zero temperature in arbitrary dimensions. We derive analytically a differential equation connecting these densities, which so far have been proven only in one or two dimensions, and give other interesting relations involving several densities or the particle density alone. We show that in the asymptotic limit of large particle numbers, the densities go over into the semi-classical Thomas-Fermi (TF) densities. Hereby the Fermi energy to be used in the TF densities is identified uniquely. We derive an analytical expansion for the remaining oscillating parts and obtain very simple closed forms for the leading-order oscillating densities. Finally, we show that the simple TF functional relation $τ_{TF}[ρ]$ between kinetic and particle density is fulfilled also for the asymptotic quantum densities $τ(r)$ and $ρ(r)$ including their leading-order oscillating terms.
description: LaTeX, 22 pages with 6 figures (*.eps), to be submitted to J. Phys. A
QCD Sum Rule for Heavy Baryons
Creators: name: Jin, H. Y.
name: Körner, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the heavy baryonic currents by using the Bethe-Salpeter wave functions in the heavy quark limit. We discuss the one-loop renormalization of these heavy baryonic currents as well as their two-point correlators up to the order $1/M_h$. For a special case, we do the QCD sum rule for masses of the doublet (3/2,5/2).
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Re-appraisal of published nitrogen aggregation results in diamonds from Copeton, New South Wales
Creators: name: L. M. Barron
name: B. J. Barron
name: F. L. Sutherland
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Re-appraisal of published nitrogen aggregation results in diamonds from Copeton, New South Wales
Building legitimacy: strategic case allocations in the Court of Justice of the European Union
Creators: name: Hermansen, Silje Synnøve Lyder
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Does the President of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) make strategic use of his members? Cases in the CJEU are prepared by a ‘judge-rapporteur’ who acts as an agenda setter. I argue that the President builds the Court’s legitimacy by strategically allocating cases to select judges. Using original data on 9623 case allocations (1980–2015), I argue that suspicions about judges’ political accountability can polarize already politicized debates. The President circumvents such dynamics by appointing a rapporteur whose government holds moderate political preferences. However, politics are relevant mainly when case law is not yet developed. The need for consistency also contributes to explain judges individual-level specialization, which arguably favors the construction of a coherent case law. The results speak to the lingering effect of judges’ renewable terms – despite secret voting – as well as the importance of courts’ internal organization for judicial independence.
Rhotana dextra Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana dextra

description: Rhotana dextra Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 224)
 Description. Forewings 1.9 times longer than wide, length: male 4.9–5.0 mm (mean = 5.0, n= 4), female 4.7–5.7 mm. Colour stramineous to light brown. Forewings near hindmargin with three pairs of round, black marks and one smaller, elongated black mark; these are separated by a broad red band; additional elongated red marks around last subcostal sector and at middle of Ms2; an area in front of black marks covered with white powder; rest of wing glassy and yellow-brown, but hyaline areas between claval vein and first subcostal cell, near second subcostal sector, and before and after anterior apical cross-veins; middle sections of C, Sc, R, Ms1a, Ms1b, Ms2 and apical sections of Sc and R red, other veins stramineous. Hindwings colourless, but most of hind margin and apical sections of claval veins, Cu and first median sector red. Facial carinae contiguous up to lower level of eyes; rostrum surpassing hind coxae; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum well developed. Forewings with apex of Sc nearly straight; Sc+R fork before middle of wing; Ms1 branched near apex of basal median cell, both branches nearly parallel, apical section of Ms1b connected to Cu1 by a cross-vein, a triangle at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Apical part of aedeagus with small teeth at the sides and ending in two pointed processes, the left one curved to the right.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (dexter, -tra, -trum = on the right side).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 5.0 mm), PAPUA NEW GUINEA: NEW BRITAIN; labels: 1) New Britain / Vunabakan / 180 m, 10 km E/ of Keravat 2) Nov. 16–20, 1959 / coll. T. C. Maa (BPBM). Paratypes. PAPUA NEW GUINEA: NEW BRITAIN: same data as holotype, 3 ♂ (fw. 2x4.9, 5.0); Warongoi Vall., Gazelle Pen., 100 m, 25. V.1956, 1 ♀ (fw. 4.7), 1 sex unknown (fw. 5.0), J.L. Gressitt; Sio, N. coast, 600 m, 24. VII.1956, 1 ♀ (fw. 5.7), E.J. Ford, Jr. (all BPBM).
 Distribution. New Britain.
 Diagnosis. Rhotana dextra resembles closely R. rubifasciata sp. nov., R. gracilis sp. nov., and R. aequa sp. nov. from New Ireland and New Guinea. It can be distinguished from these by the male aedeagus having the left apical process curved to the right.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 88-89
Freeze-in Production of Dark Matter Prior to Early Matter Domination
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Osiński, Jacek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Freeze-out or freeze-in during a period of early matter domination can yield the correct dark matter abundance for small values of the velocity-averaged annihilation cross section, $\langle σ_{\rm ann} v \rangle_{\rm f} < 3 \times 10^{-26}$ cm$^3$ s$^{-1}$. However, in a generic non-standard thermal history, such a period is typically preceded by other phases. Here, we study production of dark matter in a simple post-inflationary history where a radiation-dominated phase after reheating is followed by an epoch of early matter domination. Focusing on the freeze-in regime, we show that dark matter production prior to early matter domination can dominate the relic abundance in large parts of the parameter space, including weak scale dark matter masses, and the allowed regions are highly dependent on the entire post-inflationary history. Moreover, for a very broad range of $\langle σ_{\rm ann} v \rangle_{\rm f}$ spanning over several decades, dark matter particles can start in chemical equilibrium early on and decouple during early matter domination, thereby rendering the relic abundance essentially independent of $\langle σ_{\rm ann} v \rangle_{\rm f}$. We briefly discuss connections to different observables as a possible means to test the elusive freeze-in scenario in this case.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, updated to match version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Staffing decisions in a tele-ICU: dedicated versus flexible resources
Creators: name: Xuanjing Li
name: Dacheng Liu
name: Muer Yang
name: Fry, Michael J.
name: Xiaolei Xie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a tele-ICU center with flexible staff scheduling, interruptions to tasks with lower priority are common, often prolonging the processing time of these tasks. Dedicated staff scheduling, however, can reduce such interruptions. While dedicated staff scheduling is generally perceived to be less efficient than flexible systems according to traditional queueing theory, the reductions in interruptions call this result into question. To investigate when dedicated staff scheduling could be more efficient than flexible systems for tele-ICUs, we build a discrete-event simulation model to analyze the operational process of admissions and interventions at a real tele-ICU center. Our simulation results show that if the dedicated nurse (intensivist) can process admissions at least 31% (26%) faster than the flexible nurse (intensivist), the dedicated staff scheduling will be preferred. Thus, the tele-ICU administrators should choose the scheduling approach (flexible versus dedicated) based on how often interruptions are likely to occur and their anticipated effect on prolonging the medical staff’s processing times of the interrupted tasks. Our simulation model can also help tele-ICU administrators determine a suitable staffing level by providing the estimated waiting times of admissions and interventions under varying staffing levels.
The influence of good agricultural practices (GAP) on the productivity of date palm in Garowe and Bosaso Smallholder
Creators: name: Abdikani, Said Yusuf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: influence
agricultural
productivity
Smallholder

description: ABSTRACT

This master's thesis investigates the influence of good agricultural practices (GAP) on the productivity of date palm cultivation in the Garowe and Bosaso Smallholder regions. The study aims to assess the impact of GAP on date palm yield and quality, with a focus on resource optimization, contamination prevention, and overall product enhancement. The research is conducted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Monitoring and Evaluation degree from Accord University-Somalia.

The study begins with an introduction that provides a background on date palm cultivation and its significance in human societies, health benefits, and adaptability to arid environments. It explores the historical and religious importance of date palm and highlights its role as a key food security crop in the Bari and Nugal regions of Somalia. Additionally, the chapter discusses the increasing global production of date palm and the economic opportunities it presents.

The importance of implementing good agricultural practices in date palm cultivation is emphasized, considering its potential for optimizing resource utilization, ensuring product safety, and enhancing overall quality. The chapter highlights the relevance of GAP in water and soil management, pest and disease control, and crop nutrition. It also acknowledges the variability of GAP definitions based on smallholder requirements, agricultural type, and producing country.

The research methodology employed in the study includes data collection, analysis, and evaluation of the productivity and quality of date palm cultivation under GAP. The study assesses the impact of GAP on date palm yield, fruit size, taste, and shelf life. It also examines the economic, social, and environmental implications of implementing GAP in smallholder farming.

The findings of the study contribute to the existing body of knowledge on date palm cultivation and its relationship with good agricultural practices. The results provide insights into the benefits of GAP in terms of resource optimization, product safety, and quality enhancement. The study recommends the adoption of GAP techniques by smallholder farmers in Garowe and Bosaso to improve date palm productivity and contribute to food security and economic development in the region.
Rhotana fordi Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana fordi

description: Rhotana fordi Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Figs. 27, 225)
 Description. Forewings 1.7 times longer than wide, length about 5.5 mm. Colour stramineous; margins of facial carinae light brown; clypeus except at its base orange. Forewings with some apical cross-veins and a short section of Sc faintly orange. Male genitalia with sides of pygofer bearing prominent projections; anal segment with a pair of short lateral processes. Genital styles oval; proximal dorsal process triangular; distal dorsal process slender and erect, curved outwards. Both processes widely separated. Aedeagus short and broad; apical portion with a prominent pointed process at its base, and another broad, pointed process on its ventral side; end truncated.
 Etymology. The species is named for the collector and ' fordi ' is a latinized noun used in the genitive case.
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 5.5 mm), PAPUA NEW GUINEA: PAPUA; labels: 1) NEW GUINEA: PAPUA / Brown River / May 21–25-1956 2) E.J. Ford, Jr./ light trap (BPBM).
 Note. Figure 27 shows a male specimen from Bainyik, Papua in AMS (20.XII.1963, D.K. McAlpine, J.W. Evans collection, ASCTHE017620). The photograph has been provided by Murray J. Fletcher, who also identified the specimen.
 Distribution. New Guinea (Papua).
 Diagnosis. Rhotana fordi is externally indistinguishable from R. similis sp. nov. and very similar to R. dentata sp. nov., both also from New Guinea. It can be separated from both by the triangular ventral process on the apical part of the male aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 89
Does monitoring without enforcement make a difference? The European Union and anti-corruption policies in Bulgaria and Romania after accession
Creators: name: Lacatus, Corina
name: Sedelmeier, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The European Union (EU) has made effective corruption control a condition for membership, but it cannot sanction non-compliance once a country has joined. The Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) was an institutional experiment to compensate the loss of sanctioning power after accession with continued monitoring. Most commentators dismiss the potential of such monitoring without enforcement. This article’s original coding of the CVM reports with regard to corruption control in Romania and Bulgaria provides an empirical basis to assess the CVM’s ability to foster compliance. It suggests that monitoring can have a positive impact on state compliance even without material sanctions: despite the low expectations in the literature, compliance in Romania was significantly better than in Bulgaria. We explain Romania’s better compliance record with successful domestic institution-building. In contrast to Bulgaria, Romania created strong anti-corruption institutions that served as a powerful institutional base for the fight against corruption. The CVM has not only had a direct effect on institution-building, but also an important indirect effect. As the anti-corruption institutions remain vulnerable to governmental interference, the CVM played a key role as a social constraint on attempts by the government to curb their power and as a focal point for societal mobilisation.
Synergies between space telescopes in the photometric characterization of the atmospheres of Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Singh, Vikash
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Pagano, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous generation of instruments have the opportunity to discover thousands of extra-solar planets and more will come with the current and future planet-search missions. In order to go one step further in the characterization of exoplanets, in this paper we describe a way to compare the photometric observation of Hot Jupiters done with space telescopes such as HST, CHEOPS, TESS, PLATO, and JWST and give the first-hand characterization on their atmospheres. We analyze a set of planetary systems hosting a Hot Jupiter for which an atmospheric template is available in the literature. For each system, we simulate the transit light curves observed by different instruments, convolving the incoming spectrum with the corresponding instrumental throughput. For each instrument, we thus measure the expected transit depth and estimate the associated uncertainty. Finally, we compare the transit depths as seen by the selected instruments and we quantify the effect of the planetary atmosphere on multi-band transit photometry. We also analyze a set of simulated scenarios with different stellar magnitudes, activity levels, transit durations and atmospheric templates to find the best cases for this kind of observational approach. We find in general that current and especially future space telescopes provide enough photometric precision to detect significant differences between the transit depths at different wavelengths. In particular, we find that the chromatic effect due to the atmosphere of the Hot Jupiters is maximized at later spectral types and that the effect of stellar activity is smaller than the measurement uncertainties.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, Published in MNRAS
Comprehensive characterization of cell-free tumor DNA in plasma and urine of patients with renal tumors
Creators: name: Smith, Christopher G.
name: Moser, Tina
name: Mouliere, Florent
name: Field-Rayner, Johanna
name: Eldridge, Matthew
name: Riediger, Anja L.
name: Chandrananda, Dineika
name: Heider, Katrin
name: Wan, Jonathan C. M.
name: Warren, Anne Y.
name: Morris, James
name: Hudecova, Irena
name: Cooper, Wendy N.
name: Mitchell, Thomas J.
name: Gale, Davina
name: Ruiz-Valdepenas, Andrea
name: Klatte, Tobias
name: Ursprung, Stephan
name: Sala, Evis
name: Riddick, Antony C. P.
name: Aho, Tevita F.
name: Armitage, James N.
name: Perakis, Samantha
name: Pichler, Martin
name: Seles, Maximilian
name: Wcislo, Gabriel
name: Welsh, Sarah J.
name: Matakidou, Athena
name: Eisen, Tim
name: Massie, Charles E.
name: Rosenfeld, Nitzan
name: Heitzer, Ellen
name: Stewart, Grant D.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Renal cancer
Cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA)
Personalized analysis
Predictive biomarker
Heterogeneity

description: Abstract: Background: Cell-free tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) allows non-invasive monitoring of cancers, but its utility in renal cell cancer (RCC) has not been established. Methods: Here, a combination of untargeted and targeted sequencing methods, applied to two independent cohorts of patients (n = 91) with various renal tumor subtypes, were used to determine ctDNA content in plasma and urine. Results: Our data revealed lower plasma ctDNA levels in RCC relative to other cancers of similar size and stage, with untargeted detection in 27.5% of patients from both cohorts. A sensitive personalized approach, applied to plasma and urine from select patients (n = 22) improved detection to ~ 50%, including in patients with early-stage disease and even benign lesions. Detection in plasma, but not urine, was more frequent amongst patients with larger tumors and in those patients with venous tumor thrombus. With data from one extensively characterized patient, we observed that plasma and, for the first time, urine ctDNA may better represent tumor heterogeneity than a single tissue biopsy. Furthermore, in a subset of patients (n = 16), longitudinal sampling revealed that ctDNA can track disease course and may pre-empt radiological identification of minimal residual disease or disease progression on systemic therapy. Additional datasets will be required to validate these findings. Conclusions: These data highlight RCC as a ctDNA-low malignancy. The biological reasons for this are yet to be determined. Nonetheless, our findings indicate potential clinical utility in the management of patients with renal tumors, provided improvement in isolation and detection approaches.
Analytical solution of narrow quantum rings with general Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings
Creators: name: Lía, J. M.
name: Tamborenea, P. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve analytically the energy eigenvalue problem of narrow semiconductor quantum rings with a general spin-orbit term that includes as a special case the Rashba and Dresselhaus interactions acting simultaneously. The eigenstates and eigenenergies of the system are found for arbitrary values of the spin-orbit coupling constants without making use of approximations. The general eigenstates are expressed as products of a scalar Mathieu function and a spinor factor which is periodic or pseudo-periodic on the ring. Our general solution reduces to the previously found solutions for particular combinations of the Rashba and Dresselhaus couplings, like the well-studied cases of Rashba-only and of equal coupling constants.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Rhotana globosa Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana globosa

description: Rhotana globosa Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 226)
 Description. Forewings 2.1 times longer than wide, length about 4.8 mm. Colour stramineous to light brown; rostrum and a diffuse, longitudinal band along frons and clypeus darker, tinted with orange; fore tibiae, - tarsi, and tips of fore femora reddish-brown. Forewings with eight round, black marks lining in pairs the apical cross-veins between Cu, Cu1, Ms1b, and Ms1a; area in front of markings and some spots in between them covered with white powder; rest of forewings glassy, faintly yellow-brown, but with hyaline areas, e.g. in basal quarter, and before, and after apical cross-veins; a red mark around last subcostal sector; veins in between markings, apical cross-veins between Sc, R and M, apical margin, and a central section of costa red; remaining veins stramineous. Hindwings colourless. Rostrum surpassing hindcoxae; facial carinae meeting at very base; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum well developed. Forewings with costal margin and Sc nearly straight; Sc+R fork slightly before middle of wing; Ms1 branched at apex of basal median cell, both branches nearly parallel; apical portion of Ms1b connected to Cu1 by a cross-vein; base of Ms1a connected to M by a cross-vein forming a trapezoid cell at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Apical part of aedeagus ending in two rounded lobes, the right one slightly shorter and partly overlapping the left one.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (globosus, -a, -um = spherical).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.8 mm), INDONESIA, WEST PAPUA; labels: 1) NEW GUINEA: NETH./ VOGELKOP: Fak Fak / S. coast of Bomberai / 10–100 m., VI-1-1959 2) J.L. Gressitt / Collector (BPBM).
 Distribution. New Guinea (West Papua).
 Diagnosis. Rhotana globosa resembles closely R. pavo (Bierman) from Sumatra and Borneo. It can be distinguished by the forewings having red apical crossveins as well as a conspicuous red mark around the last subcostal sector, and by the veins in between the black marks not lined with red (although the veins themselves are red). In the male aedeagus the two terminal lobes are nearly of equal length.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 89-90
Nonperturbative quark dynamics in a baryon
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field-correlator method is used to calculate nonperturbative dynamics of quarks in a baryon. General expression for the 3q Green's function is obtained using Fock-Feynman-Schwinger (world-line) path integral formalism, where all dynamics is contained in the 3q Wilson loop with spin-field insertions. Using lowest cumulant contribution for Wilson loop one obtains an Y-shaped string with a deep hole at the string junction position. Using einbein formalism for the quark kinetic terms one automatically obtains constituent quark masses, calculable through the string tension. Resulting effective action for 3q plus Y-shaped strings is quantized in the path-integral formalism to produce two versions of Hamiltonian,one -in the c.m. and another in the light-cone system. Hyperspherical formalism is used to calculate masses and wave functions. Simple estimates in lowest approximation yield baryon masses in good agreement with experiment without fitting parameters.
description: 36 pages, journal version
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen
Creators: name: Harrison, Sean
name: Tilling, Kate
name: Turner, Emma L.
name: Martin, Richard M.
name: Lennon, Rosie
name: Lane, J. Athene
name: Donovan, Jenny L.
name: Hamdy, Freddie C.
name: Neal, David E.
name: Bosch, J. L. H. Ruud
name: Jones, Hayley E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review Article
Prostate cancer
Prostate-specific antigen
Body mass index
Screening
Meta-analysis
Systematic review

description: Abstract: Purpose: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome. Results: In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of − 5.88% (95% CI − 6.87 to − 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI − 5.57 to − 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI − 15.2 to − 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations. Conclusion: There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.
Observation of anomalous spin-state segregation in a trapped ultra-cold vapor
Creators: name: Lewandowski, H. J.
name: Harber, D. M.
name: Whitaker, D. L.
name: Cornell, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe counter-intuitive spin segregation in an inhomogeneous sample of ultra-cold, non-condensed Rubidium atoms in a magnetic trap. We use spatially selective microwave spectroscopy to verify a model that accounts for the differential forces on two internal spin states. In any simple understanding of the cloud dynamics, the forces are far too small to account for the dramatic transient spin polarizations observed. The underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Ameloblast transcriptome changes from secretory to maturation stages
Creators: name: Simmer, James P.
name: Richardson, Amelia S.
name: Wang, Shih-Kai
name: Reid, Bryan M.
name: Bai, Yongsheng
name: Hu, Yuanyuan
name: Hu, Jan C.-C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The purpose of this study was to identify the major molecular components in the secretory and maturation stages of amelogenesis through transcriptome analyses. Ameloblasts (40 sections per age group) were laser micro-dissected from Day 5 (secretory stage) and Days 11–12 (maturation stage) first molars. PolyA+ RNA was isolated from the lysed cells, converted to cDNA, and amplified to generate a cDNA library. DNA sequences were obtained using next generation sequencing and analyzed to identify genes whose expression had increased or decreased at least 1.5-fold in maturation stage relative to secretory stage ameloblasts. Among the 9198 genes that surpassed the quality threshold, 373 showed higher expression in secretory stage, while 614 genes increased in maturation stage ameloblasts. The results were cross-checked against a previously published transcriptome generated from tissues overlying secretory and maturation stage mouse incisor enamel and 34 increasing and 26 decreasing expressers common to the two studies were identified. Expression of F2r, which encodes protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) that showed 10-fold higher expression during the secretory stage in our transcriptome analysis, was characterized in mouse incisors by immunohistochemistry. PAR1 was detected in secretory, but not maturation stage ameloblasts. We conclude that transcriptome analyses are a good starting point for identifying genes/proteins that are critical for proper dental enamel formation and that PAR1 is specifically expressed by secretory stage ameloblasts.
Bounding spectral gaps of Markov chains: a novel exact multi-decomposition technique
Creators: name: Destainville, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an exact technique to calculate lower bounds of spectral gaps of discrete time reversible Markov chains on finite state sets. Spectral gaps are a common tool for evaluating convergence rates of Markov chains. As an illustration, we successfully use this technique to evaluate the ``absorption time'' of the ``Backgammon model'', a paradigmatic model for glassy dynamics. We also discuss the application of this technique to the ``Contingency table problem'', a notoriously difficult problem from probability theory. The interest of this technique is that it connects spectral gaps, which are quantities related to dynamics, with static quantities, calculated at equilibrium.
description: To be submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
A Hybrid RNN-HMM Approach for Weakly Supervised Temporal Action Segmentation
Creators: name: Kuehne, Hilde
name: Richard, Alexander
name: Gall, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.9

description: Action recognition has become a rapidly developing research field within the last decade. But with the increasing demand for large scale data, the need of hand annotated data for the training becomes more and more impractical. One way to avoid frame-based human annotation is the use of action order information to learn the respective action classes. In this context, we propose a hierarchical approach to address the problem of weakly supervised learning of human actions from ordered action labels by structuring recognition in a coarse-to-fine manner. Given a set of videos and an ordered list of the occurring actions, the task is to infer start and end frames of the related action classes within the video and to train the respective action classifiers without any need for hand labeled frame boundaries. We address this problem by combining a framewise RNN model with a coarse probabilistic inference. This combination allows for the temporal alignment of long sequences and thus, for an iterative training of both elements. While this system alone already generates good results, we show that the performance can be further improved by approximating the number of subactions to the characteristics of the different action classes as well as by the introduction of a regularizing length prior. The proposed system is evaluated on two benchmark datasets, the Breakfast and the Hollywood extended dataset, showing a competitive performance on various weak learning tasks such as temporal action segmentation and action alignment.
description: 15 pages, preprint for IEEE TPAMI https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8585084 (open access). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1703.08132
Cyclic Szekeres universes
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

description: Abstract: We consider the Szekeres universe with an inhomogeneous dust fluid and a homogeneous and isotropic ghost matter source with equation of state pg=(γ-1)ρg, where γ is a constant. The field equations determine two families of spacetimes which describe homogeneous Kantowski–Sachs universes and inhomogeneous Friedmann universes. The ghost field permits static and cyclic solutions to exist. The stability of the Einstein static and cyclic solutions are studied with a critical point analysis.
Minimum-error discrimination between three mirror-symmetric states
Creators: name: Andersson, Erika
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: Gilson, Claire R.
name: Hunter, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optimal measurement strategy for distinguishing between three quantum states exhibiting a mirror symmetry. The three states live in a two-dimensional Hilbert space, and are thus overcomplete. By mirror symmetry we understand that the transformation {|+> -> |+>, |-> -> -|->} leaves the set of states invariant. The obtained measurement strategy minimizes the error probability. An experimental realization for polarized photons, realizable with current technology, is suggested.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Rhotana gressittorum Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana gressittorum

description: Rhotana gressittorum Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 228)
 Description. Forewings 2.0 times longer than wide, length: male 4.6–5.0 mm (mean = 4.8, n= 5), female about 5.3 mm. Colour stramineous to light brown. Forewings glassy, faintly yellowish near margins, middle hyaline; the basal sections of Cu1, M, Ms1a, Ms1b, Ms2, and Ms3 lined with narrow bands of infuscation; seven brown-black round marks near hind margin, six of them arranged in pairs; veins stramineous to brown. Hindwings colourless. Facial carinae contiguous at their bases; rostrum slightly surpassing hind coxae; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum well developed. Forewings with apical section of Sc nearly straight; Sc+R fork before middle of wings; Ms1 branched at its basal quarter, Ms1b angulated at junction with apical cross-vein with Cu1; a small trapezoid cell at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles widening towards the end. Aedeagus with stem elongated, slightly widening before apical part; apical part flat, on the right side an elongated lobe, not reaching the tip.
 Etymology. The species is named for J. Linsey Gressitt and his wife Margaret, who made outstanding contributions to the knowledge of the Pacific insect fauna and collected this and many other species described here. The name ' gressittorum ' is a latinized noun used in the genitive case plural.
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.8 mm), AUSTRALIA; labels: 1) AUSTRALIA: SE Qld. / Mt. Glorious / Rain Forest / 13–16.II.1961 2) L. & M. Gressitt / Collectors / BISHOP Mus. 3) Malaise Trap (BPBM). Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: same date as holotype, 2 ♂ (fw. 2x4.6) 2 ♀ (fw. 2x5.3) (BPBM); NSW, Barren Ground N. R., near Kiama, 1 ♂ (fw. 4.8), 8.II.1981, B.J. Loudon; NSW, Kanagara Walls, Jenolau area, SW of Sydney, 1 ♂ (fw. 5.0), 27.VIII.1962, B. Gray (all ASCU).
 Distribution. Australia (Queensland and New South Wales).
 Diagnosis. Rhotana gressittorum is characterized by the forewings having narrow bands of infuscation accompanying parts of the median veins and Cu1, and by the forewing marks not separated by red veins or a red band.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 90
Effect of Mesh Quality on Flux Reconstruction in Multi-dimensions
Creators: name: Trojak, Will
name: Watson, Rob
name: Scillitoe, Ashley
name: Tucker, Paul G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Flux reconstruction
Fourier analysis
Von Neumann analysis
Mesh quality
Multiple dimensions
65M60
65T99
76F65
76M10

description: Abstract: Theoretical methods are developed to understand the effect of non-uniform grids on Flux Reconstruction (FR) in multi-dimensions. A better theoretical understanding of the effect of wave angle and grid deformation is established. FR is shown to have a smaller variation in properties than some finite difference counterparts. Subsequent numerical experiments on the Taylor–Green Vortex with jittered elements show the effect of localised regions of expansion and contraction. The effect this had on Nodal DG-like schemes was to increase the dissipation, whereas for more typical FR schemes the effect was to increase the dispersion. Some comparison is made between second-order FR and a second-order finite volume (FV) scheme. FR is found to be more resilient to mesh deformation, however, FV is found to be more resolved when operated at second order on the same mesh.
Entanglement-assisted tunneling dynamics of impurities in a double well immersed in a bath of lattice trapped bosons
Creators: name: Theel, Friethjof
name: Keiler, Kevin
name: Mistakidis, Simeon I.
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unravel the correlated tunneling dynamics of an impurity trapped in a double well and interacting repulsively with a majority species of lattice trapped bosons. Upon quenching the tilt of the double well it is found that the quench-induced tunneling dynamics depends crucially on the interspecies interaction strength and the presence of entanglement inherent in the system. In particular, for weak couplings the impurity performs a rather irregular tunneling process in the double well. Increasing the interspecies coupling it is possible to control the response of the impurity which undergoes a delayed tunneling while the majority species effectively acts as a material barrier. For very strong interspecies interaction strengths the impurity exhibits a self-trapping behaviour. We showcase that a similar tunneling dynamics takes place for two weakly interacting impurities and identify its underlying transport mechanisms in terms of pair and single-particle tunneling processes.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Chiral Transition and the Scalar and Vector Correlations
Creators: name: Kunihiro, Teiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the scalar and vector correlations in the hot and/or dense hadronic matter close to chiral transition are discussed. Presuming that the linear realization of chiral symmetry will become appropriate at least near the critical point, we argue that the strength function in the $I=J=0$ channel will soften near the critical point, and the sigma meson will accordingly become a clearer resonance in hot and/or dense medium than in the free space. It is shown that the steep rise of the baryon-number susceptibility $χ_B$ around the critical point seen in the lattice simulations may suggest that the interactions between quarks in the vector channel become week near the critical point; this implies that the peculiar behavior of the $χ_B$ does not necessarily imply a proliferation of baryons and antibaryons (Skyrmions) which is though a natural scenario of chiral transition in the non-linear realization of chiral symmetry.
description: Talk presented at International Symposium on Hadrons and Nuclei, Seoul, Feb. 20 - 22, 2001. No figures. 6 pages