cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the nonlinear interaction of S- and P-waves in a rock sample
Creators: name: Gallot, Thomas
name: Malcolm, Alison
name: Szabo, Thomas L.
name: Brown, Stephen
name: Burns, Daniel
name: Fehler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear elastic response of rocks is known to be caused by the rocks' microstructure, particularly cracks and fluids. This paper presents a method for characterizing the nonlinearity of rocks in a laboratory scale experiment with a unique configuration. This configuration has been designed to open up the possibility the nonlinear characterization of rocks as an imaging tool in a field scenario. The nonlinear interaction of two traveling waves: a low-amplitude 500 kHz P-wave probe and a high-amplitude 50 kHz S-wave pump has been studied on a room-dry 15 x 15x 3 cm slab of Berea sandstone. Changes in the arrival time of the P-wave probe as it passes through the perturbation created by the traveling S-wave pump were recorded. Waveforms were time gated to simulate a semi-infinite medium. The shear wave phase relative to the P-wave probe signal was varied with resultant changes in the P-wave probe arrival time of up to 100 ns, corresponding to a change in elastic properties of 0.2%. In order to estimate the strain in our sample, ae also measured the particle velocity at the sample surface to scale a finite difference linear elastic simulation to estimate the complex strain field in the sample, on the order of $10^{-6}$, induced by the S-wave pump. We derived a fourth order elastic model to relate the changes in elasticity to the pump strain components. We recover quadratic and cubic nonlinear parameters: $\tildeβ=-872$, $\tildeδ=-1.1\times10^{10}$, respectively, at room-temperature and when particle motions of the pump and probe waves are aligned. Temperature fluctuations are correlated to changes in the recovered values of $\tildeβ$ and $\tildeδ$ and we find that the nonlinear parameter changes when the particle motions are orthogonal. No evidence of slow dynamics was seen in our measurements.
description: Under revision in Journal of Applied physics
Additional file 1 of Alzheimer blood biomarkers: practical guidelines for study design, sample collection, processing, biobanking, measurement and result reporting
Creators: name: Zeng, Xuemei
name: Chen, Yijun
name: Sehrawat, Anuradha
name: Lee, Jihui
name: Lafferty, Tara K.
name: Kofler, Julia
name: Berman, Sarah B.
name: Sweet, Robert A.
name: Tudorascu, Dana L.
name: Klunk, William E.
name: Ikonomovic, Milos D.
name: Pfister, Anna
name: Zetterberg, Henrik
name: Snitz, Beth E.
name: Cohen, Anne D.
name: Villemagne, Victor L.
name: Pascoal, Tharick A.
name: Kamboh, M. llyas
name: Lopez, Oscar I.
name: Blennow, Kaj
name: Karikari, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Step-by-step blood specimen collection procedures.
Extension of Noether's theorem in PT-symmetric systems and its experimental demonstration in an optical setup
Creators: name: Wu, Q. C.
name: Zhao, J. L.
name: Fang, Y. L.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Chen, D. X.
name: Yang, C. P.
name: Nori, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noether's theorem is one of the fundamental laws in physics, relating the symmetry of a physical system to its constant of motion and conservation law. On the other hand, there exist a variety of non-Hermitian parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems, which exhibit novel quantum properties and have attracted increasing interest. In this work, we extend Noether's theorem to a class of significant PT -symmetric systems for which the eigenvalues of the PT-symmetric Hamiltonian H change from purely real numbers to purely imaginary numbers,and introduce a generalized expectation value of an operator based on biorthogonal quantum mechanics. We find that the generalized expectation value of a time-independent operator is a constant of motion when the operator presents a standard symmetry in the PT -symmetry unbroken regime, or a chiral symmetry in the PT-symmetry broken regime. In addition, we experimentally investigate the extended Noether's theorem in PT -symmetric single-qubit and two-qubit systems using an optical setup. Our experiment demonstrates the existence of the constant of motion and reveals how this constant of motion can be used to judge whether the PT -symmetry of a system is broken. Furthermore, a novel phenomenon of masking quantum information is first observed in a PT -symmetric two-qubit system. This study not only contributes to full understanding of the relation between symmetry and conservation law in PT -symmetric physics, but also has potential applications in quantum information theory and quantum communication protocols.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Belgian Culex pipiens pipiens are competent vectors for West Nile virus while Culex modestus are competent vectors for Usutu virus
Creators: name: Soto, Alina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virology
subject: Entomology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: Data file
Evolution of collective and noncollective structures in Xe 123
Creators: name: Chmel, S.
name: Timár, J.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Hagemann, G.B.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Nyakó, B.M.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Singh, A.K.
name: Basu, A.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Wilson, A.N.
name: Ragnarsson, I.
name: Sletten, G.
name: Hübel, H.
name: Nag, S.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Rogers, J.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Herskind, B.
name: Kondev, F.G.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2020

description: An experiment involving a heavy-ion-induced fusion-evaporation reaction was carried out where high-spin states of Xe123 were populated in the Se80(Ca48,5n)Xe123 reaction at 207 MeV beam energy. Gamma-ray coincidence events were recorded with the Gammasphere Ge detector array. The previously known level scheme was confirmed and enhanced with the addition of five new band structures and several interband transitions. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (CNS) calculations were performed and compared with the experimental results in order to assign configurations to the bands.
Supplementary document for Systematic Meta-Analysis of Computer-Aided Detection to Detect Early Esophageal Cancer using Hyperspectral Imaging - 6487336.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Hsiang-Chen
name: Liao, Wei-Chih
name: Mukundan, Arvind
name: Sadiaza, Cleorita
name: Ming, Tsao Yu
name: Huang, Chien-Wei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental file
Supplementary document for Systematic Meta-Analysis of Computer-Aided Detection to Detect Early Esophageal Cancer using Hyperspectral Imaging - 6509860.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Hsiang-Chen
name: Liao, Wei-Chih
name: Mukundan, Arvind
name: Sadiaza, Cleorita
name: Ming, Tsao Yu
name: Huang, Chien-Wei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Average probability of a dangerous failure on demand: Different modelling methods, similar results
Creators: name: Brissaud, Florent
name: Luiz, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: According to the IEC 61508 functional safety standard, it is required to estimate the achieved safety integrity of the system due to random hardware failures. For a safety function operating in a low demand mode, this measure is the average probability of a dangerous failure on demand (PFDavg). In the present paper, four techniques have been applied to various configurations of a case study: fault tree analyses supported by GRIF/Tree, multi-phase Markov models supported by GRIF/Markov, stochastic Petri nets with predicates supported by GRIF/Petri, and approximate equations (developed by DNV and different from those given in IEC 61508) supported by OrbitSIL. It is shown that all these methods yield very similar results for PFDavg, taking the characteristics required by the standard into account. The choice of a method should therefore not be determined by dogmatic assumptions, but should result of a balance between modelling effort and objectives, given the system properties. For this task, a discussion about pros and cons of each method is proposed.
Long-distance migration with minimal energy consumption in a thermal turbulent environment
Creators: name: Xu, Ao
name: Wu, Hua-Lin
name: Xi, Heng-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We adopt the reinforcement learning algorithm to train the self-propelling agent migrating long-distance in a thermal turbulent environment. We choose the Rayleigh-Bénard turbulent convection cell with an aspect ratio ($Γ$, which is defined as the ratio between cell length and cell height) of 2 as the training environment. Our results showed that, compared to a naive agent that moves straight from the origin to the destination, the smart agent can learn to utilize the carrier flow currents to save propelling energy. We then apply the optimal policy obtained from the $Γ=2$ cell and test the smart agent migrating in convection cells with $Γ$ up to 32. In a larger $Γ$ cell, the dominant flow modes of horizontally stacked rolls are less stable, and the energy contained in higher-order flow modes increases. We found that the optimized policy can be successfully extended to convection cells with a larger $Γ$. In addition, the ratio of propelling energy consumed by the smart agent to that of the naive agent decreases with the increase of $Γ$, indicating more propelling energy can be saved by the smart agent in a larger $Γ$ cell. We also evaluate the optimized policy when the agents are being released from the randomly chosen origin, which aims to test the robustness of the learning framework, and possible solutions to improve the success rate are suggested. This work has implications for long-distance migration problems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles patrolling in a turbulent convective environment, where planning energy-efficient trajectories can be beneficial to increase their endurance.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Knop, Marianne Ravn
name: Nagashima-Hayashi, Michiko
name: Lin, Ruixi
name: Saing, Chan Hang
name: Ung, Mengieng
name: Oy, Sreymom
name: Yam, Esabelle Lo Yan
name: Zahari, Marina
name: Yi, Siyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table A1 Search strategy
Quantum systems with time-dependent boundaries
Creators: name: Di Martino, Sara
name: Facchi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a set of lecture notes on quantum systems with time-dependent boundaries. In particular, we analyze the dynamics of a non-relativistic particle in a bounded domain of physical space, when the boundaries are moving or changing. In all cases, unitarity is preserved and the change of boundaries does not introduce any decoherence in the system.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Status of GEO 600
Creators: name: Dooley, Katherine L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The German-British laser-interferometric gravitational wave detector GEO 600 is in its 13th year of operation since its first lock in 2001. After participating in science runs with other first generation detectors, GEO\,600 has continued collecting data as an astrowatch instrument with a duty cycle of 62% during the time when the other detectors have gone offline to undergo substantial upgrades. Less invasive upgrades to demonstrate advanced technologies and improve the GEO 600 sensitivity at high frequencies as part of the GEO-HF program have additionally been carried out in parallel to data taking. We report briefly on the status of GEO 600.
Dynamics of Fluctuating Thin Sheets Under Random Forcing
Creators: name: Steinbock, Chanania
name: Katzav, Eytan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamic structure factor of fluctuating elastic thin sheets subject to conservative (athermal) random forcing. In Steinbock, Katzav & Boudaoud, Phys. Rev. Research 4, 033096 (2022), the static structure factor of such a sheet was studied. In this paper, we recap the model developed there and investigate its dynamic properties. Using the self-consistent expansion (SCE), the time dependent two-point function of the height profile is determined and found to decay exponentially in time. Despite strong nonlinear coupling, the decay rate of the dynamic structure factor is found to coincide with the effective coupling constant for the static properties which suggests that the model under investigation exhibits certain quasi-linear behaviour. Confirmation of these results by numerical simulations is also presented.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; published version with corrected typos
Firm spin and parity assignments for high-lying, low-spin levels in stable Si isotopes
Creators: name: Spieker, M.
name: Chishti, M.M.R.
name: Wilhelmy, J.
name: Löher, B.
name: Keatings, J.M.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Müscher, M.
name: Chapman, R.
name: Zilges, A.
name: Schilling, M.
name: Jones, M.D.
name: Peters, E.E.
name: Mashtakov, K.R.
name: Kelly, N.
name: Johnson, S.
name: Savran, D.
name: Wieland, O.
name: Hoemann, E.
name: Finch, S.W.
name: Jaroszynski, D.A.
name: Sinclair, J.
name: Little, D.
name: Scheck, M.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Gonzales, R.
name: Kleemann, J.
name: Yates, S.W.
name: Papst, O.
name: Schwengner, R.
name: Fransen, C.
name: Friman-Gayer, U.
name: Werner, V.
name: O’Donnell, D.
name: Spagnoletti, P.
name: Beck, T.
name: Krishichayan
name: Battaglia, G.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: A natural silicon target was investigated in a natSi(γ, γ′) photon-scattering experiment with fully linearly-polarised, quasi-monochromatic γ rays in the entrance channel. The mean photon energies used were ⟨ Eγ⟩ = 9.33, 9.77, 10.17, 10.55, 10.93, and 11.37 MeV, and the relative energy spread (full width at half maximum) of the incident beam was ΔEγ/ ⟨ Eγ⟩ ≈ 3.5–4 %. The observed angular distributions for the ground-state decay allow firm spin and parity assignments for several levels of the stable even-even silicon isotopes.
Additional file 2 of Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Knop, Marianne Ravn
name: Nagashima-Hayashi, Michiko
name: Lin, Ruixi
name: Saing, Chan Hang
name: Ung, Mengieng
name: Oy, Sreymom
name: Yam, Esabelle Lo Yan
name: Zahari, Marina
name: Yi, Siyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table A2 Descriptive review results
Metastable states from multinucleon excitations in Tl 202 and Pb 203
Creators: name: Suman, S.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Singh, R.P.
name: Deo, A.Y.
name: Bhoy, B.
name: Bhattacharjee, S.S.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Muralithar, S.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Pragati
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Srivastava, P.C.
name: Patel, A.
name: Rai, S.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Roy, P.
name: Wahid, S.G.
name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Hemalatha, M.
name: Chowdhury, P.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2020

description: The excited level structures of Tl202 and Pb203, above the 7+ and 29/2- isomers, respectively, have been studied. An isomer with Iπ=20+ and T1/2=215(10)μs has been established in Tl202, and the level scheme extended from I=10 to 20ℏ with the placement of fifteen new transitions. In Pb203, the Iπ=37/2+ state is established to be metastable, with T1/2=2.5(3)ns. Levels in both nuclei arise from intrinsic excitations, with likely particle-hole character for the higher-lying states in Pb203. The 20+ isomer in Tl202 is most likely associated with a πh11/2-1 - ν(i13/2-2,f5/2-1) configuration, while the 37/2+ state in Pb203 results from the excitation of five neutrons. Calculations, using both an empirical approach and the oxbash code, have been performed to aid in the description of the excited level structure.
Open metadata of scholarly publications
Creators: name: Waltman, Ludo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open access
open metadata
open citations
open abstracts
FAIR
findable
accessible
interoperable
reusable
Initiative for Open Abstracts

description: Online presentation at the 2nd Basel Sustainable Publishing Forum - The Global Transition to Open Access: Challenges and Solutions on October 27, 2020.
Simulations of x-ray diffraction from uniaxially-compressed highly-textured polycrystalline targets
Creators: name: McGonegle, David
name: Milathianaki, Despina
name: Remington, Bruce A.
name: Wark, Justin S.
name: Higginbotham, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing number of shock compression experiments, especially those involving laser compression, are taking advantage of in situ x-ray diffraction as a tool to interrogate structure and microstructure evolution. Although these experiments are becoming increasingly sophisticated, there has been little work on exploiting the textured nature of polycrystalline targets to gain information on sample response. Here, we describe how to generate simulated x-ray diffraction patterns from materials with an arbitrary texture function subject to a general deformation gradient. We will present simulations of Debye-Scherrer x-ray diffraction from highly textured polycrystalline targets that have been subjected to uniaxial compression, as may occur under planar shock conditions. In particular, we study samples with a fibre texture, and find that the azimuthal dependence of the diffraction patterns contains information that, in principle, affords discrimination between a number of similar shock-deformation mechanisms. For certain cases we compare our method with results obtained by taking the Fourier Transform of the atomic positions calculated by classical molecular dynamics simulations. Illustrative results are presented for the shock-induced $α$-$ε$ phase transition in iron, the $α$-$ω$ transition in titanium and deformation due to twinning in tantalum that is initially preferentially textured along [001] and [011]. The simulations are relevant to experiments that can now be performed using 4th generation light sources, where single-shot x-ray diffraction patterns from crystals compressed via laser-ablation can be obtained on timescales shorter than a phonon period.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; typo corrected in Fig. 1 caption
A Scalable Gaussian Process for Large-Scale Periodic Data
Creators: name: Li, Yongxiang
name: Pu, Yuting
name: Cheng, Changming
name: Xiao, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The periodic Gaussian process (PGP) has been increasingly used to model periodic data due to its high accuracy. Yet, computing the likelihood of PGP has a high computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}\left(n^{3}\right)$ ($n$ is the data size), which hinders its wide application. To address this issue, we propose a novel circulant PGP (CPGP) model for large-scale periodic data collected at grids that are commonly seen in signal processing applications. The proposed CPGP decomposes the log-likelihood of PGP into the sum of two computationally scalable composite log-likelihoods, which do not involve any approximations. Computing the likelihood of CPGP requires only $\mathcal{O}\left(p^{2}\right)$ (or $\mathcal{O}\left(p\log p\right)$ in some special cases) time for grid observations, where the segment length $p$ is independent of and much smaller than $n$. Simulations and real case studies are presented to show the superiority of CPGP over some state-of-the-art methods, especially for applications requiring periodicity estimation. This new modeling technique can greatly advance the applicability of PGP in many areas and allow the modeling of many previously intractable problems.
description: Accepted for publication in Technometrics
Random phase-free computer-generated hologram
Creators: name: Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi
name: Ito, Tomoyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Addition of random phase to the object light is required in computer-generated holograms (CGHs) to widely diffuse the object light and to avoid its concentration on the CGH; however, this addition causes considerable speckle noise in the reconstructed image. For improving the speckle noise problem, techniques such as iterative phase retrieval algorithms and multi-random phase method are used; however, they are time consuming and are of limited effectiveness. Herein, we present a simple and computationally inexpensive method that drastically improves the image quality and reduces the speckle noise by multiplying the object light with the virtual convergence light. Feasibility of the proposed method is shown using simulations and optical reconstructions; moreover, we apply it to lens-less zoom-able holographic projection. The proposed method is useful for the speckle problems in holographic applications.
Quark mass dependence of quarkonium properties at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ohno, H.
name: Ding, H. -T.
name: Kaczmarek, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quarkonium properties at finite temperature have been studied with quark masses of the charm and bottom quarks. Our simulations have been performed in quenched QCD with the $O(a)$-improved Wilson quarks on large and fine isotropic lattices with the spatial lattice extents $N_σ=$ 96, 192 and the corresponding lattice spacings $a =$ 0.0190, 0.00967 fm, respectively, at temperatures in a range between about 0.7$T_c$ and 1.4$T_c$. We show temperature and quark mass dependence of quarkonium correlation functions and related physical quantities: the quark number susceptibility and the heavy quark diffusion constant.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at The 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, June 23-28, 2014, Columbia University, New York
Nearly Forgotten Cosmological Concept of E. B. Gliner
Creators: name: Yakovlev, D. G.
name: Kaminker, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: E. B. Gliner started his scientific career in 1963 at the age of 40. In 1965, when the existence of the cosmological constant $λ$ seemed unnecessary to most cosmologists, he renewed interest in the problem by emphasizing a material interpretation of de Sitter space (i.e., the space curved in the presence of $λ$). According to that interpretation, the curvature is produced by a cosmological vacuum (now identified as dark energy of the universe). In 1970, Gliner proposed a description of exponential expansion (or contraction) of the universe at the early (or late) evolution stage dominated by cosmological vacuum. In 1975, Gliner (with I.G. Dyminikova) suggested a model of the early universe free of Big Bang singularity, and developed a scenario of nonsingular Friedmann cosmology. Many of these findings were used in the modern inflation scenarios of the universe, first proposed by A.A. Starobinsky (1979) and A. Guth (1981) and greatly multiplied later. However, these inflation scenarios differ from the scenario of Gliner and Dymnikova, and Gliner's contribution to cosmology is nearly forgotten. The history and the essence of this contribution are outlined, as well the difference from the inflation theories.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, types corrected
Double Compactification
Creators: name: Nakamula, Atsushi
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological scenario according to which our universe experienced space-time compactifications twice in its early development is investigated through toy models. In this scenario gauge configurations on an extra space play essential roles to bring about a change of the dimensionality of the compactified space. Simple models are offered and their behaviour at finite temperature is examined. A possibility of causing inflation and problems on our scenario is argued briefly.
description: 12 pages, no figure
Onset of high-spin rotational bands in the N=Z nucleus Ga 62
Creators: name: Åberg, S.
name: Svensson, C.E.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Andreoiu, C.
name: Ragnarsson, I.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Ekman, J.
name: Fahlander, C.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Rudolph, D.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Clark, R.M.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2020

description: The fusion-evaporation reaction Si28+Ca40 at 122 MeV beam energy was used to populate high-spin states in the odd-odd N=Z nucleus Ga62. With the combination of the Gammasphere spectrometer and the Microball CsI(Tl) charged-particle detector array the decay scheme of Ga62 was extended beyond 10 MeV excitation energy. The onset of band structures was observed. These high-spin rotational states are interpreted and classified by means of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
From illegal to organic
Creators: name: Sen, Debarati
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: My dissertation is an ethnographic engagement with the localized effects of emerging global ethical regimes like Fair Trade. It explores the meaning and materiality of Fair Trade as it unfolds among women producers in Darjeeling's tea industry. It looks at how the specifics of agricultural commodity production premised on organic and Fair Trade stipulations can influence the bargaining power of marginalized women producers in formal and informal production settings. Grounded in anthropological theory and methods, this project contributes to recent debates among feminist scholars on issues of work under neoliberal production systems and women's political agency, interdisciplinary research on global alternative trade, south Asian labor ethnographies and scholarship on social justice.While Fair Trade-organic production is looked upon by its founders, activists, and participating NGOs as an antidote to the problems of corporate globalization, this project investigates such optimism ethnographically by examining whether Fair Trade is indeed effective for marginal producer groups, and if so, under what conditions this is the case. To do so, my dissertation compares how engagement with the Fair Trade movement has influenced the autonomy and livelihoods of two different groups of women working in the Fair Trade organic tea industry in Darjeeling, India--plantation workers and small scale farmers. I found that women tea farmers (independent farmers growing organic tea in their own land) tend to be more politically active than women plantation workers (wage laborers), even though the plantation workers have a long history of labor activism. My in-depth ethnographic research shows that women tea farmers are more effective in connecting their struggles against economic and cultural domination to the goals of the Fair Trade movement. They become more active in community affairs and undertake new business ventures by combating middlemen. In contrast, women plantation workers, despite their prior labor activism, are relatively incapable of mobilizing the Fair Trade movement to their own benefit, in spite of having their own informal networks. Key reasons for the difference include the different institutional structures of collective bargaining, access to resources (land), existing gender ideologies of work, and gendered community histories of political involvement in previous movements.
Gravitationally Induced Particle Production: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory
Creators: name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: Baranov, I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic kinetic description for the irreversible thermodynamic process of gravitationally induced particle production is proposed in the context of an expanding Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) geometry. We show that the covariant thermodynamic treatment referred to as "adiabatic" particle production provoked by the cosmic time-varying gravitational field has a consistent kinetic counterpart. The variation of the distribution function is associated to a non-collisional kinetic term of quantum-gravitational origin which is proportional to the ratio $Γ/H$, where $Γ$ is the gravitational particle production rate and H is the Hubble parameter. For $Γ<< H$ the process is negligible and as should be expected it also vanishes (regardless of the value of $Γ$) in the absence of gravitation. The resulting non-equilibrium distribution function has the same functional form of equilibrium with the evolution laws corrected by the particle production process. The macroscopic temperature evolution law is also kinetically derived for massive and massless particles. The present approach points to the possibility of an exact (semi-classical) quantum-gravitational kinetic treatment by incorporating back-reaction effects in the cosmic background.
description: 10 pages, no figures
Promoting physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis through a physiotherapist led behaviour change‑based intervention (PIPPRA): a feasibility randomised trial
Creators: name: Larkin, Louise
name: McKenna, Sean
name: Pyne, Tadhg
name: Comerford, Paul
name: Moses, Anusha
name: Folan, Ailish
name: Gallagher, Stephen
name: Glynn, Liam
name: Fraser, Alexander
name: Esbensen, Bente Appel
name: Kennedy, Norelee
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description:  Physical activity (PA) is recommended as a key component in the management of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of a physiotherapist led, behaviour change (BC) theory-informed, intervention to promote PA in people with RA who have low levels of current PA. A feasibility randomised trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03644160) of people with RA over 18 years recruited from outpatient rheumatology clinics and classified as insufficiently physically active using the Godin−Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were randomised to intervention group (4 BC physiotherapy sessions in 8 weeks) delivered in person/virtually or control group (PA information leaflet only). Feasibility targets (eligibility, recruitment, and refusal), protocol adherence and acceptability were measured. Health care professionals (HCPs) involved in the study and patients in the intervention and control arms were interviewed to determine acceptability. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data with SPSS (v27) with interviews analysed using content analysis using NVivo (v14). Three hundred and twenty participants were identified as potentially eligible, with n = 183 (57%) eligible to participate, of which n = 58 (32%) consented to participate. The recruitment rate was 6.4 per month. Due to the impact of COVID-19 on the study, recruitment took place over two separate phases in 2020 and 2021. Of the 25 participants completing the full study, 23 were female (mean age 60 years (SD 11.5)), with n = 11 allocated to intervention group and n = 14 to control. Intervention group participants completed 100% of sessions 1 & 2, 88% of session 3 and 81% of session 4. The study design and intervention were acceptable overall to participants, with enhancements suggested. The PIPPRA study to improve promote physical activity in people with RA who have low PA levels was feasible, acceptable and safe. Despite the impact of COVID-19 on the recruitment and retention of patients, the study provides preliminary evidence that this physiotherapist led BC intervention is feasible and a full definitive intervention should be undertaken. Health care professionals involved in the study delivery and the patient participants described a number of positive aspects to the study with some suggestions to enhance the design. These findings hence inform the design of a future efficacy-focused clinical trial.
Quadrupole and octupole collectivity in Ba 143
Creators: name: Lee, I.Y.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Li, J.
name: Back, B.B.
name: Crawford, H.L.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Savard, G.
name: Potterveld, D.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Chen, J.
name: Weisshaar, D.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Cromaz, M.
name: Meng, J.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: MacChiavelli, A.O.
name: Wang, Y.Y.
name: Morse, C.
name: Jones, M.D.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Bucher, B.
name: Henderson, J.
name: Wu, C.Y.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Santamaria, C.
name: Campbell, C.M.
name: Stolze, S.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2020

description: The neutron-rich barium nuclei have been the subject of intense interest due to the enhanced octupole correlations they are predicted to exhibit. The observation of enhanced octupole collectivity in Ba144,146 as measured in sub-barrier Coulomb excitation, consistent with static octupole deformation, has further heightened this interest. In the present work, these studies are extended to the neighboring odd-mass Ba143 to investigate the interplay between single-particle and collective octupole degrees of freedom. A new measurement of the first 92 - state lifetime is also presented. Reflection-Asymmetric Triaxial Particle Rotor Model calculations indicate that the negative-parity bands in Ba143 can be understood as a decoupled structure of νh9/2 parentage, while the positive-parity bands are built on a decoupled octupole phonon. No evidence for E3 excitation is observed in this work, but an upper limit is placed on the E3 matrix element to the lowest octupole band.
The role of radial migration on tracing lithium evolution in the Galactic disk
Creators: name: Zhang, Haopeng
name: Chen, Yuqin
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Bi, Shaolan
name: Zhang, Xianfei
name: Xue, Xiangxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the calculated guiding center radius $R_{guiding}$ and birth radius $R_{birth}$, we investigate the role of radial migration on the description of lithium evolution in the Galactic disk based on the upper envelope of the A(Li) vs. [Fe/H] diagram. Using migration distances, we find that stars in the solar neighborhood are born at different locations in the galactic disk, and cannot all be explained by models of chemical evolution in the solar neighborhood. It is found that the upper envelope of the A(Li) vs. [Fe/H] diagram varies significantly with $R_{birth}$, which explains the decrease of Li for super-metal-rich (SMR) stars because they are non-young stars born in the inner disk. The upper envelope of Li-$R_{birth}$ plane fits very well with chemical evolution models by Grisoni et al. for $R_{birth} = 7 - 12$ kpc, outside which young stars generally lack sufficient time to migrate to the solar neighborhood. For stars born in the solar neighborhood, the young open clusters and the upper envelope of field stars with age $<$ 3 Gyr fit well with theoretical prediction. We find that calculations using stars with ages less than 3 Gyr are necessary to obtain an undepleted Li upper envelope, and that stars with solar age (around 4.5 Gyr) have depleted around 0.3 dex from the original value based on the chemical evolution model of Grisoni et al.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 3 of Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Knop, Marianne Ravn
name: Nagashima-Hayashi, Michiko
name: Lin, Ruixi
name: Saing, Chan Hang
name: Ung, Mengieng
name: Oy, Sreymom
name: Yam, Esabelle Lo Yan
name: Zahari, Marina
name: Yi, Siyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table A3 Outcomes by health domains
Metastable cosmic strings
Creators: name: Buchmuller, Wilfried
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: scale: grand unified theory
symmetry breaking: scale
frequency: low
cosmic string
string
interferometer
network
gravitational radiation
stability
inflation: model
embedding
pulsar
suppression
LISA
monopole
cosmological model: parameter space

description: Many symmetry breaking patterns in grand unified theories (GUTs) give rise to cosmic strings that eventually decay when pairs of GUT monopoles spontaneously nucleate along the string cores. These strings are known as metastable cosmic strings and have intriguing implications for particle physics and cosmology. In this article, we discuss the current status of metastable cosmic strings, with a focus on possible GUT embeddings and connections to inflation, neutrinos, and gravitational waves (GWs). The GW signal emitted by a network of metastable cosmic strings in the early universe differs, in particular, from the signal emitted by topologically stable strings by a suppression at low frequencies. Therefore, if the underlying symmetry breaking scale is close to the GUT scale, the resulting GW spectrum can be accessible at current ground-based interferometers as well as at future space-based interferometers, such as LISA, and at the same time account for the signal in the most recent pulsar timing data sets. Metastable cosmic strings thus nourish the hope that future GW observations might shed light on fundamental physics close to the GUT scale.
Generation of Ensembles of Individually Resolvable Nitrogen Vacancies Using Nanometer-Scale Apertures in Ultrahigh-Aspect Ratio Planar Implantation Masks
Creators: name: Bayn, Igal
name: Chen, Edward H.
name: Trusheim, Matthew E.
name: Li, Luozhou
name: Schröder, Tim
name: Gaathon, Ophir
name: Lu, Ming
name: Stein, Aaron
name: Liu, Mingzhao
name: Kisslinger, Kim
name: Clevenson, Hannah
name: Englund, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central challenge in developing magnetically coupled quantum registers in diamond is the fabrication of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers with localization below ~20 nm to enable fast dipolar interaction compared to the NV decoherence rate. Here, we demonstrate the targeted, high throughput formation of NV centers using masks with a thickness of 270 nm and feature sizes down to ~1 nm. Super-resolution imaging resolves NVs with a full-width maximum distribution of $26\pm7$ nm and a distribution of NV-NV separations of $16\pm5$ nm.
A data science platform to enable time-domain astronomy
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Nir, Guy
name: Antier, Sarah
name: Jegou du Laz, Theophile
name: van der Walt, Stefan
name: Crellin-Quick, Arien
name: Culino, Thomas
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Goldstein, Daniel A.
name: Healy, Brian F.
name: Karambelkar, Viraj
name: Lilleboe, Jada
name: Shin, Kyung Min
name: Singer, Leo P.
name: Ahumada, Tomas
name: Anand, Shreya
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kostadinova, Ivona
name: Kiendrebeogo, R. Weizmann
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Jenkins, Sydney
name: LeBaron, Natalie
name: Neill, James D.
name: Parazin, B.
name: Peloton, Julien
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: van Santen, Jakob
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Stein, Robert
name: Turpin, D.
name: Wold, Avery
name: Amat, Carla
name: Bonnefon, Adrien
name: Bonnefoy, Adrien
name: Flament, Manon
name: Kerkow, Frank
name: Kishore, Sulekha
name: Jani, Shloke
name: Mahanty, Stephen K.
name: Liu, Celine
name: Llinares, Laura
name: Makarison, Jolyane
name: Ollieric, Alix
name: Perez, Ines
name: Pont, Lydie
name: Sharma, Vyom
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: SkyPortal is an open-source platform designed to efficiently discover interesting transients, manage follow-up, perform characterization, and visualize the results, all in one application. By enabling fast access to archival and catalog data, cross-matching heterogeneous data streams, and the triggering and monitoring of on-demand observations for further characterization, SkyPortal has been operating at scale for > 2 yr for the Zwicky Transient Facility Phase II community, with hundreds of users, containing tens of millions of time-domain sources, interacting with dozens of telescopes, and enabling community reporting. While SkyPortal emphasizes rich user experiences (UX) across common frontend workflows, recognizing that scientific inquiry is increasingly performed programmatically, SkyPortal also surfaces an extensive and well-documented API system. From backend and frontend software to data science analysis tools and visualization frameworks, the SkyPortal design emphasizes the re-use and leveraging of best-in-class approaches, with a strong extensibility ethos. For instance, SkyPortal now leverages ChatGPT large-language models (LLMs) to automatically generate and surface source-level human-readable summaries. With the imminent re-start of the next-generation of gravitational wave detectors, SkyPortal now also includes dedicated multi-messenger features addressing the requirements of rapid multi-messenger follow-up: multi-telescope management, team/group organizing interfaces, and cross-matching of multi-messenger data streams with time-domain optical surveys, with interfaces sufficiently intuitive for the newcomers to the field. (abridged)
IR Renormalons vs. Operator Product Expansion in Supersymmetric and Related Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Shifman, M.
name: Unsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the "conspiracy" between infrared (IR) renormalons and condensates in the operator product expansion for correlation functions to make predictions concerning the structure of singularities in the Borel plane for the perturbative series in quantum field theories with different levels of supersymmetry. The same conspiracy can be used for establishing the absence of condensates or IR renormalons in gauge theories with an IR conformal regime or fully Higgsed gauge theories. The absence of the renormalon-induced factorial divergence implies that instanton contributions (where present) must be well-defined. We show that the conventional bubble-chain method for detecting renormalon-induced factorial divergences in these theories is not sufficient.
description: 10 pp, 3 figures
The Scientific Renaissance of Psychodynamic Therapy (PDT)
Creators: name: Gordon, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Clinical psychology
Counselling psychology

description: John Simmons (2009) in his “The Scientific 100” ranked the top six scientists of all time: Newton, Einstein, Bohr, Darwin, Pasteur and Freud. Although most of Freud’s ideas have strong empirical support (Bornstein & Masling, 1998; Westen, 1998) as does the psychodynamic formulation of psychopathology (PDM Task Force, 2006), and psychoanalytic treatment (de Maat et al. 2009; Leichsenring & Rabung, 2008), despite this, there is still a great deal of resistance to a psychodynamic psychology
Second order Method for Solving 3D Elasticity Equations with Complex and Sharp Interfaces
Creators: name: Wang, Bao
name: Xia, Kelin
name: Wei, Guowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65-04

description: Elastic materials are ubiquitous in nature and indispensable components in man-made devices and equipments. When a device or equipment involves composite or multiple elastic materials, elasticity interface problems come into play. The solution of three dimensional (3D) elasticity interface problems is significantly more difficult than that of elliptic counterparts due to the coupled vector components and cross derivatives in the governing elasticity equation. This work introduces the matched interface and boundary (MIB) method for solving 3D elasticity interface problems. The proposed MIB method utilizes fictitious values on irregular grid points near the material interface to replace function values in the discretization so that the elasticity equation can be discretized using the standard finite difference schemes as if there were no material interface. The interface jump conditions are rigorously enforced on the intersecting points between the interface and the mesh lines. Such an enforcement determines the fictitious values. A number of new technique are developed to construct efficient MIB schemes for dealing with cross derivative in coupled governing equations. The proposed method is extensively validated over both weak and strong discontinuity of the solution, both piecewise constant and position-dependent material parameters, both smooth and nonsmooth interface geometries, and both small and large contrasts in the Poisson's ratio and shear modulus across the interface. Numerical experiments indicate that the present MIB method is of second order convergence in both $L_\infty$ and $L_2$ error norms.
description: 40 pages, 23 pages
Additional file 4 of Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Knop, Marianne Ravn
name: Nagashima-Hayashi, Michiko
name: Lin, Ruixi
name: Saing, Chan Hang
name: Ung, Mengieng
name: Oy, Sreymom
name: Yam, Esabelle Lo Yan
name: Zahari, Marina
name: Yi, Siyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Tables A4a and A4b Descriptive review and results