cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological properties of long term cultured human induced neurons
Creators: name: Birtele Marcella
name: Drouin-Ouellet Janelle
name: Rylander-Ottosson Daniella
name: Parmar Malin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Induced neurons (iNs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that are forced to change their fate without passing through a pluripotent state, shortening the process of neuronal generation compared to the use of human pluripotent stem cells.The scientific interest in these cells is due to their suitable use for disease modelling, drug screening and cell therapy for diseases such as Parkinson Disease (PD).

An important characteristic of the reprogrammed cells that has to be taken into account to confirm their neuronal identities is their electrophysiological profile. Here, we aim at studying the electrical activity of iNs using the whole cell patch-clamp technique.

We evaluate how the delivery of different transcription factors (TFs) through a lentivirus system induces neuronal maturation. More specifically, we compare the electrophysiological profile of the iNs generated by a combination of Ascl1, Brain2, Myt1L, NeuroD1, Lmx1, Foxa2, Otx2, Nurr1 and REST inhibitionat different time points. The result shows active iNs after  50 days  of culture, with presence of immature, intermediate and mature action potentials induced by steps of current depolarisation. The physiological parameters analysed shows a progressive maturation of the iNs that result to be spontaneously active after 90 days of culture.

This result is an important step in the use of the iNs both for disease modelling and cell transplantation since it indicates that they mature into functional neurons.
A reversible mesoscopic model of diffusion in liquids: from giant fluctuations to Fick's law
Creators: name: Donev, A.
name: Fai, T. G.
name: Vanden-Eijnden, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study diffusive mixing in the presence of thermal fluctuations under the assumption of large Schmidt number. In this regime we obtain a limiting equation that contains a diffusive thermal drift term with diffusion coefficient obeying a Stokes-Einstein relation, in addition to the expected advection by a random velocity. The overdamped limit correctly reproduces both the enhanced diffusion in the ensemble-averaged mean and the long-range correlated giant fluctuations in individual realizations of the mixing process, and is amenable to efficient numerical solution. Through a combination of Eulerian and Lagrangian numerical methods we demonstrate that diffusion in liquids is not most fundamentally described by Fick's irreversible law; rather, diffusion is better modeled as reversible random advection by thermal velocity fluctuations. We find that the diffusion coefficient is effectively renormalized to a value that depends on the scale of observation. Our work reveals somewhat unexpected connections between flows at small scales, dominated by thermal fluctuations, and flows at large scales, dominated by turbulent fluctuations.
description: To appear in JSTAT. Shorter version available as ArXiv:1306.3158
The Impact of $f(\mathcal{G}, T)$ Gravity on the Evolution of Cavity in the Cluster of Stars
Creators: name: Manzoor, Rubab
name: Sadiq, M. Awais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyzes the evolution of cavities for the cluster of stars in the context of modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. For this purpose, we assume a spherically symmetric geometry with locally anisotropic fluid distribution. It is assumed that the proper radial distance among neighboring stellar components stays unchanged during purely areal evolution stage. We provide some analytical solutions by using general formulism in $f(\mathcal{G}, T)$ gravitation theory. The thick-shells cavities at one or both boundary surfaces are found to satisfy the Darmois conditions. Moreover, we also investigate the physical behavior of cavity models by considering the stellar $4U 1820-30$. We conclude that the dark matter has a strong impact on the evolution of cavities in the cluster of stars.
Additional file 1 of Benchmark study of feature selection strategies for multi-omics data
Creators: name: Li, Yingxia
name: Mansmann, Ulrich
name: Du, Shangming
name: Hornung, Roman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Figures S1a and S2a show the distributions of the mean cross-validated accuracy values across the datasets for all rank-methods using the RF and SVM classifiers, respectively. Figs. S1b and S2b show the mean cross-validated accuracy values obtained for all subset evaluation methods using the RF and SVM classifiers, respectively. Figs. S3a and S4a show the distributions of the mean cross-validated Brier score across the datasets for all rank methods using the RF and SVM classifiers, respectively. Fig. S3b and S4b show the mean cross-validated Brier score obtained for all subset evaluation methods using the RF and SVM classifiers, respectively. Table S1: The best performing methods (according to the AUC) per setting for SVM. Table S2: The best performing methods and settings (according to the AUC) per dataset for SVM
Advantages of multi-copy nonlocality distillation and its application to minimizing communication complexity
Creators: name: Eftaxias, Giorgos
name: Weilenmann, Mirjam
name: Colbeck, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal correlations are a central feature of quantum theory, and understanding why quantum theory has a limited amount of nonlocality is a fundamental problem. Since nonlocality also has technological applications, e.g., for device-independent cryptography, it is useful to understand it as a resource and, in particular, whether and how different types of nonlocality can be interconverted. Here we focus on nonlocality distillation which involves using several copies of a nonlocal resource to generate one with more nonlocality. We introduce several distillation schemes which distil an extended part of the set of nonlocal correlations including quantum correlations. Our schemes are based on a natural set of operational procedures known as wirings that can be applied regardless of the underlying theory. Some are sequential algorithms that repeatedly use a two-copy protocol, while others are genuine three-copy distillation protocols. In some regions we prove that genuine three-copy protocols are strictly better than two-copy protocols. By applying our new protocols we also increase the region in which nonlocal correlations are known to give rise to trivial communication complexity. This brings us closer to an understanding of the sets of nonlocal correlations that can be recovered from information-theoretic principles, which, in turn, enhances our understanding of what is special about quantum theory.
description: 5+6 pages, several figures, v2: minor updates
Disentangling Modified Gravity and Massive Neutrinos with Intrinsic Shape Alignments of Massive Halos
Creators: name: Lee, Jounghun
name: Ryu, Suho
name: Baldi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two new diagnostics based on the intrinsic shape alignments of group/cluster size dark matter halos to disentangle the effect of $f(R)$ gravity from that of massive neutrinos. Using the snapshot data from a series of the {\small DUSTGRAIN}-{pathfinder} $N$-body simulations for the Planck $Λ$CDM cosmology and three $f(R)$ gravity models with massive neutrinos ($ν$), we first determine the probability density functions of the alignment angles between the shape orientations of massive halos and the minor principal axes of the local tidal fields. The numerically obtained results turn out to agree very well with the analytic formula derived under the assumption that the anisotropic merging along the cosmic web induces the halo shape alignments. The four cosmologies, which several standard diagnostics failed to discriminate, are found to yield significantly different best-fit values of the single parameter that characterizes the analytic formula. We also numerically determine the spatial cross-correlations between the shape orientations of neighbor group/cluster halos, and find them to be in good agreements with a fitting formula characterized by two parameters, whose best-fit values are found to substantially differ among the four models. We also discuss the limitations and caveats of these new diagnostics that must be overcome for the application to real observational data.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 16 figures, 1 table, revised version after referee's comments, improved analysis
A Comparison and Evaluation of Map Construction Algorithms
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mahmuda
name: Karagiorgou, Sophia
name: Pfoser, Dieter
name: Wenk, Carola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Map construction methods automatically produce and/or update road network datasets using vehicle tracking data. Enabled by the ubiquitous generation of georeferenced tracking data, there has been a recent surge in map construction algorithms coming from different computer science domains. A cross-comparison of the various algorithms is still very rare, since (i) algorithms and constructed maps are generally not publicly available and (ii) there is no standard approach to assess the result quality, given the lack of benchmark data and quantitative evaluation methods. This work represents a first comprehensive attempt to benchmark map construction algorithms. We provide an evaluation and comparison of seven algorithms using four datasets and four different evaluation measures. In addition to this comprehensive comparison, we make our datasets, source code of map construction algorithms and evaluation measures publicly available on mapconstruction.org. This site has been established as a repository for map con- struction data and algorithms and we invite other researchers to contribute by uploading code and benchmark data supporting their contributions to map construction algorithms.
Reference frame-independent model of a collective excitation atom interferometer
Creators: name: Mommers, B. J.
name: Bromley, M. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically analyze the operating principles of a proposed matter-wave Sagnac interferometer utilizing Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) phonon modes as an interference medium. Previous work found that the orbital angular momentum phonon modes of a ring-trapped BEC are split in frequency by rotations, leading to a measurable rotation signal. We develop an alternate description in which an imbalance in the counter-propagating modes' amplitudes (populations) is induced by the rotation of the system during condensation. This description gives analytic forms for the interferometric phase shift in 1D and is readily generalized to include mean-field interactions. To validate our findings, we simulate a ring-trapped BEC Sagnac interferometer in one dimension and demonstrate that measurement of an unknown rotation rate can be performed using a modified analysis. Our simulation data show strong agreement with our analytic results, and we further employ simulations to explore and clarify the role of superfluidity in this matter-wave Sagnac interferometer.
description: Main paper 8 pages, 8 figures
Du lithium en Alsace
Creators: name: Hauet, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2019

description: Le lithium est un matériau clé pour la fabrication des batteries Li-ion utilisées dans les véhicules électriques. Les eaux géothermales d’Alsace contiennent 150 à 200 mg de lithium par litre, une teneur qui pourrait être suffisante pour permettre son extraction.
L’eSIM - la carte SIM embarquée fait son chemin
Creators: name: Collet, Patrice
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2019

description: Le système mobile GSM et ceux qui en sont dérivés font appel, pour personnaliser le terminal, à un module amovible connu sous le nom de carte SIM. Il contient des données propres à l’abonnement que l’utilisateur a souscrit, notamment son identifiant mobile qui permettent en particulier au réseau d’identifier le terminal appelant, de facturer ses appels,
The Fermionic Hanbury Brown and Twiss Experiment
Creators: name: Henny, M.
name: Oberholzer, Stefan
name: Strunk, Christoph
name: Heinzel, T.
name: Ennslin, K.
name: Holland, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment for a beam of electrons has been realized in a two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall regime. A metallic split gate serves as a tunable beam splitter to partition the incident beam into transmitted and reflected partial beams. In the nonequilibrium case the fluctuations in the partial beams are shown to be fully anticorrelated, demonstrating that fermions exclude each other. In equilibrium, the cross-correlation of current fluctuations at two different contacts is also found to be negative and nonzero, provided that a direct transmission exists between the contacts.
Efficient spin injection and giant magnetoresistance in Fe/MoS$_2$/Fe junctions
Creators: name: Dolui, Kapildeb
name: Narayan, Awadhesh
name: Rungger, Ivan
name: Sanvito, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate giant magnetoresistance in Fe/MoS$_2$/Fe junctions by means of \textit{ab-initio} transport calculations. We show that junctions incorporating either a mono- or a bi-layer of MoS$_2$ are metallic and that Fe acts as an efficient spin injector into MoS$_2$ with an efficiency of about 45\%. This is the result of the strong coupling between the Fe and S atoms at the interface. For junctions of greater thickness a maximum magnetoresistance of $\sim$300\% is obtained, which remains robust with the applied bias as long as transport is in the tunneling limit. A general recipe for improving the magnetoresistance in spin valves incorporating layered transition metal dichalcogenides is proposed.
description: Updated text, published version
Species recognition by the sequence of discharge intervals in weakly electric fishes of the genus Campylomormyrus (Mormyridae, Teleostei)
Creators: name: Kramer, Bernd
name: Kuhn, Birgit
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: In two Campylomormyrus species, tamandua and rhynchophorus from Central Africa, the electric organ discharge (EOD) activity was studied during the nocturnal activity phase in the laboratory. Both species have a pulse-type EOD of less than 200 μs duration and similar waveform; the sequence of inter-discharge intervals, however, differed characteristically: C. tamandua displayed a 'micro-pattern' encompassing nearly the whole range of intervals in a sequence of only three intervals (long-intermediate-short), while in C. rhynchophorus adjacent intervals tended to be more similar in duration. Four C. rhynchophorus and five C. tamandua were tested for their preference of conspecific pulse sequences rather than those of the other species, respectively, in playback experiments. These were performed in a T-maze paradigm such that two pulse patterns, one from each species, were simultaneously presented via two electric fish dipole models. Two pulse sequences recorded from different individuals were used to represent each species; the natural EOD waveform was replaced by a square-wave pulse of approximately natural duration. The pattern pairings and the sequence of stimulus patterns followed a randomized blocks design. Each of the four C. rhynchophorus had significantly higher preference scores for the conspecific pulse patterns than for those of C. tamandua, while in C. tamandua no such discrimination was observed. It is suggested that the juvenile C. tamandua used would probably have joined mixed-species schools as reported to exist in the wild, while this appears unlikely in the more mature C. rhynchophorus. One of the functions of the inter-discharge interval code of communication in mormyrids is species recognition although this may be seen only in sufficiently mature fish.
Additional file 2 of Accurate prediction of functional states of cis-regulatory modules reveals common epigenetic rules in humans and mice
Creators: name: Ni, Pengyu
name: Moe, Joshua
name: Su, Zhengchang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Number of positive (active) CRMs predicted by dePCRM2 in a cell/tissue type. Figure S2. Distributions of phyloP scores of predicted CRM candidates and non-CRMs in the human (A) and mouse (B) genomes. Figure S3. Boxplots of MACS signal scores of the four epigenetic marks on pooled positive and negative sets defined by the seven methods (Table 1), as well as on pooled two negative sets CRM+S- and non-CRM, in the six human cell lines. Figure S4. Distributions of phyloP scores of pooled positive sets and negative sets from the six human cell lines, defined by the seven methods (Table 1) in comparison with that of the covered 85.5% human genome regions. Figure S5. Heatmaps of signals of the four epigenetic marks around positive sets CRM+TF+ and CRM+S+, and negative sets non-CRM and CRM+S- in the A549, HepG2, K562 and MCH-7 cells. Figure S6. ROC curves of the LR models trained on the 15 combinations of the four marks in the 67 human cell/tissue types. Figure S7. Using additional epigenetic marks does not significantly improve prediction accuracy in the human cell/tissue types. Figure S8. Identification of optimal minimal sets of epigenetic marks for predicting functional states of CRMs in 64 mouse cell/tissue types. Figure S9. ROC curves for the 15 combinations of the four marks in the mouse cell/tissue types. Figure S10. Adding more epigenetic marks to the four does not significantly improve prediction accuracy of functional states of CRMs in mouse cell/tissue types. Figure S11. Distribution of the distances of the putative CRMs to their nearest transcription start sites (TSSs) in the human (A) and mouse (B) genomes. Figure S12. Performance of the models for differentiating active proximal CRMs and active distal CRMs. Figure S13. Genome-wide predictions of active CRMs in a mouse cell/tissue type and their reutilizations in different cell/tissue types. Figure S14. Predicted uniquely active CRMs in the human and mouse cell/tissue types.
Radially Excited Axial-Vector Mesons in the extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Vishneva, A. V.
name: Volkov, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first radial excitations of axial-vector mesons are considered in the framework of the extended $U(3)\times U(3)$ Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. We calculate the mass spectrum of $a_1$, $f_1$, and also strange axial-vector mesons. For description of radially excited states we used the form factors of polynomial type of the second order in transverse quark momentum. For the ground- and the excited-state mesons consisting of light quarks we have calculated the widths of a number of strong and radiative decays. We got satisfactory agreement with experimental data for the ground states. A set of predictions for the excited states of mesons is given.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Security of device-independent quantum key distribution protocols: a review
Creators: name: Primaatmaja, Ignatius W.
name: Goh, Koon Tong
name: Tan, Ernest Y. -Z.
name: Khoo, John T. -F.
name: Ghorai, Shouvik
name: Lim, Charles C. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) is often seen as the ultimate key exchange protocol in terms of security, as it can be performed securely with uncharacterised black-box devices. The advent of DI-QKD closes several loopholes and side-channels that plague current QKD systems. While implementing DI-QKD protocols is technically challenging, there have been recent proof-of-principle demonstrations, resulting from the progress made in both theory and experiments. In this review, we will provide an introduction to DI-QKD, an overview of the related experiments performed, and the theory and techniques required to analyse its security. We conclude with an outlook on future DI-QKD research.
description: Review article, 47 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Quantum
Additional file 1 of Consensus from an expert panel on how to identify and support food insecurity during pregnancy: A modified Delphi study
Creators: name: McKay, Fiona H.
name: Zinga, Julia
name: van der Pligt, Paige
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The spectrum of tachyons in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Bajnok, Zoltan
name: Drukker, Nadav
name: Hegedus, Arpad
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
name: Palla, Laszlo
name: Sieg, Christoph
name: Suzuki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spectrum of open strings stretched between a D-brane and an anti-D-brane in planar AdS/CFT using various tools. We focus on open strings ending on two giant gravitons with different orientation in $AdS_5 \times S^5$ and study the spectrum of string excitations using the following approaches: open spin-chain, boundary asymptotic Bethe ansatz and boundary thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (BTBA). We find agreement between a perturbative high order diagrammatic calculation in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM and the leading finite-size boundary Luscher correction. We study the ground state energy of the system at finite coupling by deriving and numerically solving a set of BTBA equations. While the numerics give reasonable results at small coupling, they break down at finite coupling when the total energy of the string gets close to zero, possibly indicating that the state turns tachyonic. The location of the breakdown is also predicted analytically.
description: 40 pages, lots of figures, v2: typos corrected, accepted for publication in JHEP
Controllable Floquet edge modes in a multi-frequency driving system
Creators: name: Park, HaRu K.
name: Jeon, Junmo
name: Cho, Gil Young
name: Lee, SungBin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A driven quantum system has been recently studied in the context of nonequilibrium phase transitions and their responses. In particular, for a periodically driven system, its dynamics are described in terms of the multi-dimensional Floquet lattice with a lattice size depending on number of driving frequencies and their rational or irrational ratio. So far, for a multi-frequency driving system, the energy pumping between the sources of frequencies has been widely discussed as a signature of topologically nontrivial Floquet bands. However, the unique edge modes emerging in the Floquet lattice has not been explored yet. Here, we discuss how the edge modes in the Floquet lattice are controlled and result in the localization at particular frequencies, when multiple frequencies are present and their magnitudes are commensurate values. First, we construct the minimal model to exemplify our argument, focusing on a two-level system with two driving frequencies. For strong frequency limit, one can describe the system as a quasi-one dimensional Floquet lattice where the effective hopping between the neighboring sites depends on the relative magnitudes of potential for two frequency modes. With multiple driving modes, there always exist the non-trivial Floquet lattice boundaries via controlling the frequencies and this gives rise to the states that are mostly localized at such Floquet lattice boundaries, i.e. particular frequencies. We suggest the time-dependent Creutz ladder model as a realization of our theoretical Hamiltonian and show the emergence of controllable Floquet edge modes.
SUMCASTEC_190113_NA_ImBioC presentation_Conference Presentation_.pdf_Bath_I. Davies_Public_NA
Creators: name: I. W. Davies
name: C. Merla
name: A. Casciati
name: A. Zambotti
name: J. Bishop
name: G. Hodgkins
name: Palego, C.
name: C. P. Hancock
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presentation given by Ilan Davies in the IEEE International Microwave Biomedical Conference (IMBioC), on June 15 2018, at the Philadelphia Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Virtuelle Lehre im Angebot der Universitätsbibliothek
Creators: name: Knüttel, Helge
name: Leiwesmeyer, Barbara
name: Schmettow, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Über das Internet werden von Hochschulen, Bildungseinrichtungen und Verlagen im In- und Ausland Lehr- und Lernmaterialien bereitgestellt. Der Bekanntheitsgrad dieser Produkte beschränkt sich jedoch meist auf einen begrenzten Personenkreis. Die mangelnde Erschließung dieser elektronischen Dokumente macht das Auffinden geeigneter Produkte für Lehrzwecke schwierig. Das vom Deutschen Forschungsnetz e.V. geförderte Projekt META-AKAD der Universitäten Regensburg und Kaiserslautern hat das Ziel, dem Nutzer einen einheitlichen Zugang zu einem umfassenden Angebot von im Internet verfügbaren Lehr- und Lernmaterial zu verschaffen. Zu den Nutzern des Angebots sollen dabei sowohl Lernende zählen als auch Lehrende, die das Material im Rahmen ihrer Lehrveranstaltungen einsetzen können. Das Projekt schafft einen Pilot-Service durch den Einsatz und die Entwicklung geeigneter technischer Mittel und den Aufbau funktionierender Organisationsstrukturen, um den effizienten Einsatz der im Internet verfügbaren Dokumente zu ermöglichen. Zur Realisierung dieses Dienstes soll Online-Lehr- bzw. Lernmaterial auf kooperativer Basis gesammelt und durch standardisierte und materialspezifische Metadaten erschlossen werden. Die Erschließung beinhaltet Verfahren für die (semi-) automatische Klassifikation, Beschlagwortung und Vergabe von formalen Metadaten, sowie Verfahren zur intellektuellen Nachbearbeitung. Schließlich sollen die Materialien von Hochschullehrern nach fachlichen und didaktischen Kriterien bewertet werden. Durch die Integration einer solchen Qualitätskontrolle wird die Verwertbarkeit der Materialien für Lehr- und Lernzwecke deutlich erhöht. Der Nutzer kann in META-AKAD nicht nur recherchieren, welche Dokumente verfügbar sind, sondern erhält auch detaillierte Informationen über deren Qualität und Nutzbarkeit. Der Zugang zu den Materialien wird durch eine benutzerfreundliche Web-Schnittstelle ermöglicht, die auf der Grundlage von Nutzerstudien evaluiert und laufend optimiert wird. Die erhobenen Metadaten sollen dabei die Grundlage für eine Suchoberfläche mit „intelligenter“ Unterstützung des Nutzers bei der Recherche sein. Um das System für eine möglichst vielseitige Nutzung zu öffnen, wird es zusätzlich eine Schnittstelle nach dem Standard der Open Archives Initiative (OAI) beinhalten, die Abfragen von Metadaten im XML-Format durch externe Dienste ermöglicht.
Mean-Semivariance Policy Optimization via Risk-Averse Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaoteng
name: Ma, Shuai
name: Xia, Li
name: Zhao, Qianchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Keeping risk under control is often more crucial than maximizing expected rewards in real-world decision-making situations, such as finance, robotics, autonomous driving, etc. The most natural choice of risk measures is variance, which penalizes the upside volatility as much as the downside part. Instead, the (downside) semivariance, which captures the negative deviation of a random variable under its mean, is more suitable for risk-averse proposes. This paper aims at optimizing the mean-semivariance (MSV) criterion in reinforcement learning w.r.t. steady reward distribution. Since semivariance is time-inconsistent and does not satisfy the standard Bellman equation, the traditional dynamic programming methods are inapplicable to MSV problems directly. To tackle this challenge, we resort to Perturbation Analysis (PA) theory and establish the performance difference formula for MSV. We reveal that the MSV problem can be solved by iteratively solving a sequence of RL problems with a policy-dependent reward function. Further, we propose two on-policy algorithms based on the policy gradient theory and the trust region method. Finally, we conduct diverse experiments from simple bandit problems to continuous control tasks in MuJoCo, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
description: Accecpted by Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Random Access Concatenated Libraries and dd enable a short-latency high-content website on an inexpensive shared server
Creators: name: Krieger, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Content-rich websites typically house their images as individual files or as more costly binary database objects. Both methods place high demands on storage resources with commensurate high monetary cost. Inexpensive shared service accounts come with strict limits on disk and computing resources which prevent their use for hosting content-rich websites. To minimize the load on these limited resources, large numbers of images or other records may be concatenated into a single file and delivered with short latency independent of location within the file using Linux utility dd. This solution and its performance are presented for (a) a website which houses 8000+ genealogical reference books with more than 3.5 million 250-Kbyte page images, (b) a website-based database of 86 million death records, and (c) a cluster computing application which utilizes 800 neuroimaging databases, each with 1.5 million records. These disparate applications demonstrate the efficacy, scalability, and general utility of the solution.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Tripartite Graph Clustering for Dynamic Sentiment Analysis on Social Media
Creators: name: Zhu, Linhong
name: Galstyan, Aram
name: Cheng, James
name: Lerman, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing popularity of social media (e.g, Twitter) allows users to easily share information with each other and influence others by expressing their own sentiments on various subjects. In this work, we propose an unsupervised \emph{tri-clustering} framework, which analyzes both user-level and tweet-level sentiments through co-clustering of a tripartite graph. A compelling feature of the proposed framework is that the quality of sentiment clustering of tweets, users, and features can be mutually improved by joint clustering. We further investigate the evolution of user-level sentiments and latent feature vectors in an online framework and devise an efficient online algorithm to sequentially update the clustering of tweets, users and features with newly arrived data. The online framework not only provides better quality of both dynamic user-level and tweet-level sentiment analysis, but also improves the computational and storage efficiency. We verified the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches on the November 2012 California ballot Twitter data.
description: A short version is in Proceeding of the 2014 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data
Electrophysiological properties of long term cultured human induced neurons
Creators: name: Birtele Marcella
name: Drouin-Ouellet Janella
name: Rylander-Ottosson Daniella
name: Barker Roger
name: Parmar Malin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Induced neurons (iNs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that are forced to change their fate without passing through a pluripotent state, shortening the process of neuronal generation compared to the use of human pluripotent stem cells.The scientific interest in these cells is due to their suitable use for disease modelling, drug screening and cell therapy for diseases such as Parkinson Disease (PD).

An important characteristic of the reprogrammed cells that has to be taken into account to confirm their neuronal identities is their electrophysiological profile. Here, we aim at studying the electrical activity of iNs using the whole cell patch-clamp technique.

We evaluate how the delivery of different transcription factors (TFs) through a lentivirus system induces neuronal maturation. More specifically, we compare the electrophysiological profile of the iNs generated by a combination of Ascl1, Brain2, Myt1L, NeuroD1, Lmx1, Foxa2, Otx2, Nurr1 and REST inhibitionat different time points. The result shows active iNs after 50 days  of culture, with presence of immature, intermediate and mature action potentials induced by steps of current depolarisation. The physiological parameters analysed shows a progressive maturation of the iNs that result to be spontaneously active after 90 days of culture.

This result is an important step in the use of the iNs both for disease modelling and cell transplantation since it indicates that they mature into functional neurons.
Mott-Superfluid Transition for Spin-Orbit Coupled Bosons in One-Dimensional Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Xu, Zhihao
name: Cole, William
name: Zhang, Shizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the Mott-superfluid transition of bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice. We determine the strong coupling magnetic phase diagram by a combination of exact analytic and numerical means. Smooth evolution of the magnetic structure into the superfluid phases are investigated with the density matrix renormalization group technique. Novel magnetic phases are uncovered and phase transitions between them within the superfluid regime are discussed. Possible experimental detection are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Measuring Changes in Brand Choice Behavior
Creators: name: Baumgartner, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Brand Choice Model; Generalized Additive Model; Multinomial Logit
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: The multinomial logit model is frequently used in marketing research to explain consumers’ brand choice decisions. In almost all applications of this model, the parameters of the consumers’ utility function are assumed to be constant across time. In contrast to this assumption, both marketing theory and statements from marketing practitioners suggest the possibility of short-term fluctuations and long-term changes in consumers’ brand choice behavior. In this paper, nonparametric brand-specific time-variable functions replace the brand-specific constants usually found in brand choice models. I estimate the model for panel data from two product categories and derive management implications.
Search for neutrino emission from relic dark matter in the Sun with the Baikal NT200 detector
Creators: name: Avrorin, A. D.
name: Avrorin, A. V.
name: Aynutdinov, V. M.
name: Bannasch, R.
name: Belolaptikov, I. A.
name: Bogorodsky, D. Yu.
name: Brudanin, V. B.
name: Budnev, N. M.
name: Danilchenko, I. A.
name: Demidov, S. V.
name: Domogatsky, G. V.
name: Doroshenko, A. A.
name: Dyachok, A. N.
name: Dzhilkibaev, Zh-A. M.
name: Fialkovsky, S. V.
name: Gafarov, A. R.
name: Gaponenko, O. N.
name: Golubkov, K. V.
name: Gress, T. I.
name: Honz, Z.
name: Kebkal, K. G.
name: Kebkal, O. G.
name: Konishchev, K. V.
name: Konstantinov, E. N.
name: Korobchenko, A. V.
name: Koshechkin, A. P.
name: Koshel, F. K.
name: Kozhin, V. A.
name: Kulepov, V. F.
name: Kuleshov, D. A.
name: Ljashuk, V. I.
name: Milenin, M. B.
name: Mirgazov, R. A.
name: Osipova, E. A.
name: Panfilov, A. I.
name: Panjkov, L. V.
name: Perevalov, A. A.
name: Pliskovsky, E. N.
name: Poleshuk, V. A.
name: Rozanov, M. I.
name: Rubtsov, V. F.
name: Rjabov, E. V.
name: Shaybonov, B. A.
name: Sheifler, A. A.
name: Skurikhin, A. V.
name: Smagina, A. A.
name: Suvorova, O. V.
name: Tarashchansky, B. A.
name: Yakovlev, S. A.
name: Zagorodnikov, A. V.
name: Zhukov, V. A.
name: Zurbanov, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed a data set taken over 2.76 years live time with the Baikal neutrino telescope NT200. The goal of the analysis is to search for neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the center of the Sun. Apart from the conventional annihilation channels $b\bar{b}$, $W^+W^-$ and $τ^+τ^-$ we consider also the annihilation of dark matter particles into monochromatic neutrinos. From the absence of any excess of events from the direction of the Sun over the expected background, we derive 90% upper limits on the fluxes of muons and muon neutrinos from the Sun, as well as on the elastic cross sections of dark matter scattering on protons.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
The Open Catalyst 2022 (OC22) Dataset and Challenges for Oxide Electrocatalysts
Creators: name: Tran, Richard
name: Lan, Janice
name: Shuaibi, Muhammed
name: Wood, Brandon M.
name: Goyal, Siddharth
name: Das, Abhishek
name: Heras-Domingo, Javier
name: Kolluru, Adeesh
name: Rizvi, Ammar
name: Shoghi, Nima
name: Sriram, Anuroop
name: Therrien, Felix
name: Abed, Jehad
name: Voznyy, Oleksandr
name: Sargent, Edward H.
name: Ulissi, Zachary
name: Zitnick, C. Lawrence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of machine learning models for electrocatalysts requires a broad set of training data to enable their use across a wide variety of materials. One class of materials that currently lacks sufficient training data is oxides, which are critical for the development of OER catalysts. To address this, we developed the OC22 dataset, consisting of 62,331 DFT relaxations (~9,854,504 single point calculations) across a range of oxide materials, coverages, and adsorbates. We define generalized total energy tasks that enable property prediction beyond adsorption energies; we test baseline performance of several graph neural networks; and we provide pre-defined dataset splits to establish clear benchmarks for future efforts. In the most general task, GemNet-OC sees a ~36% improvement in energy predictions when combining the chemically dissimilar OC20 and OC22 datasets via fine-tuning. Similarly, we achieved a ~19% improvement in total energy predictions on OC20 and a ~9% improvement in force predictions in OC22 when using joint training. We demonstrate the practical utility of a top performing model by capturing literature adsorption energies and important OER scaling relationships. We expect OC22 to provide an important benchmark for models seeking to incorporate intricate long-range electrostatic and magnetic interactions in oxide surfaces. Dataset and baseline models are open sourced, and a public leaderboard is available to encourage continued community developments on the total energy tasks and data.
description: 50 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of Hand hygiene improvement of individual healthcare workers: results of the multicentre PROHIBIT study
Creators: name: van der Kooi, Tjallie
name: Sax, Hugo
name: Grundmann, Hajo
name: Pittet, Didier
name: de Greeff, Sabine
name: van Dissel, Jaap
name: Clack, Lauren
name: Wu, Albert W.
name: Davitt, Judith
name: Kostourou, Sofia
name: Maguinness, Alison
name: Michalik, Anna
name: Nedelcu, Viorica
name: Patyi, Márta
name: Perme Hajdinjak, Janja
name: Prosen, Milena
name: Tellez, David
name: Varga, Éva
name: Veini, Fani
name: Ziętkiewicz, Mirosław
name: Zingg, Walter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Association between hand hygiene and activity index during baseline and intervention; Table S2. Overall (i.e. for all HCWs) hand hygiene compliance per hospital, during baseline and the intervention period; Figure S1. Boxplot (median, quartiles and ranges) of individual HH compliance both during baseline and intervention period; Figure S2. Boxplot (median, quartiles and ranges) of hand hygiene increase (in percentage points) in the group of improving HCWs; Figure S3. Variability within improving HCWs, measured as the range between the observation session with the lowest compliance and the session with the highest compliance for each HCW.
Non-affine deformation of semiflexible polymer and fiber networks
Creators: name: Chen, Sihan
name: Markovich, Tomer
name: MacKintosh, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks of semiflexible or stiff polymers such as most biopolymers are known to deform inhomogeneously when sheared. The effects of such non-affine deformation have been shown to be much stronger than for flexible polymers. To date, our understanding of non-affinity in such systems is limited to simulations or specific 2D models of athermal fibers. Here, we present an effective medium theory (EMT) for non-affine deformation of semiflexible polymer and fiber networks, which is general to both 2D and 3D and in both thermal and athermal limits. The predictions of this model are in good agreement with both prior computational and experimental results for linear elasticity. Moreover, the framework we introduce can be extended to address nonlinear elasticity and network dynamics.
Promoting functional maturation of induced human adult neurons.
Creators: name: Birtele Marcella
name: Sharma Yogita
name: Drouin-Ouellet Janelle
name: Brattas Per
name: Shong, Lau
name: Rylander-Ottosson Daniella
name: Parmar Malin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Induced neurons (iNs) are somatic cells that are directly converted  to change their fate into neurons without passing through a pluripotent state. This shortens the process of neuronal generation compared to the use of human pluripotent stem cells, and the cells maintains age-properties of the donor.Neuronal conversion of human adult cells into subtype specific and functional neurons is of value both for disease modelling and patient-specific cell therapy treatments. Our group recently published a study showing how the suppression of the REST complex shREST) is a key factor in the generation of mature neurons from human adult cells [1]. The neural conversion via shREST was found to be in part, but not fully, mediated via microRNA upregulation upon inhibition of shREST.

In this study, we establish conditions for long term in vitro maturation of iNs and seek to investigate the role of shREST and its relation to miR9/9*-miR124 expression in the context of iN maturation using global gene expression analysis combined with unbiased and quantitative morphological assessment and patch clamp electrophysiology. We find that boosting expression of miR-124 and miR-9 combined with the shREST contributes to the functional maturation of the iNs, as assessed with electrophysiology after several months in culture.
Going off topics to demix quark and gluon jets in $α_S$ extractions
Creators: name: LeBlanc, Matt
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Sauer, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum chromodynamics is the theory of the strong interaction between quarks and gluons; the coupling strength of the interaction, $α_S$, is the least precisely-known of all interactions in nature. An extraction of the strong coupling from the radiation pattern within jets would provide a complementary approach to conventional extractions from jet production rates and hadronic event shapes, and would be a key achievement of jet substructure at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Presently, the relative fraction of quark and gluon jets in a sample is the limiting factor in such extractions, as this fraction is degenerate with the value of $α_S$ for the most well-understood observables. To overcome this limitation, we apply recently proposed techniques to statistically demix multiple mixtures of jets and obtain purified quark and gluon distributions based on an operational definition. We illustrate that studying quark and gluon jet substructure separately can significantly improve the sensitivity of such extractions of the strong coupling. We also discuss how using machine learning techniques or infrared- and collinear-unsafe information can improve the demixing performance without the loss of theoretical control. While theoretical research is required to connect the extract topics with the quark and gluon objects in cross section calculations, our study illustrates the potential of demixing to reduce the dominant uncertainty for the $α_S$ extraction from jet substructure at the LHC.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures