cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory of the helical spin crystal: a candidate for the partially ordered state of MnSi
Creators: name: Binz, B.
name: Vishwanath, A.
name: Aji, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnSi is an itinerant magnet which at low temperatures develops a helical spin density wave. Under pressure it undergoes a transition into an unusual partially ordered state whose nature is debated. Here we propose that the helical spin crystal (the magnetic analog of a solid) is a useful starting point to understand partial order in MnSi. We consider different helical spin crystals and determine conditions under which they may be energetically favored. The most promising candidate has bcc structure and is reminiscent of the blue phase of liquid-crystals in that it has line-nodes of magnetization protected by symmetry. We introduce a Landau theory to study the properties of these states, in particular the effect of crystal anisotropy, magnetic field and disorder. These results compare favorably with existing data on MnSi from neutron scattering and magnetic field studies. Future experiments to test this scenario are also proposed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, minor text changes
Dissipative Kerr solitons in semiconductor ring lasers
Creators: name: Meng, Bo
name: Singleton, Matthew
name: Hillbrand, Johannes
name: Franckié, Martin
name: Beck, Mattias
name: Faist, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative Kerr solitons are self-organized optical waves arising from the interplay between Kerr effect and dispersion. They can form spontaneously in nonlinear microresonators pumped with an external continuous-wave laser, which provides the parametric gain for the proliferation of an ultrastable frequency comb. These miniaturized and battery driven microcombs have become a disruptive technology for precision metrology, broadband telecommunication and ultrafast optical ranging. In this work, we report on the first experimental observation of dissipative Kerr solitons generated in a ring cavity with a fast semiconductor gain medium. The moderate quality factor of the ring cavity is compensated by the giant resonant Kerr nonlinearity of a quantum cascade laser, which is more than a million times larger than in Si3N4. By engineering the dispersion of the cavity, we observe the formation of bright dissipative Kerr solitons in the mid-infrared range. Soliton formation appears after an abrupt symmetry breaking between the two lasing directions of the ring cavity. The pump field of the soliton is generated by direct electrical driving and closely resembles the soliton Cherenkov radiation observed in passive microcombs. Two independent techniques shed light on the waveform and coherence of the solitons and confirm a pulse width of approximately 3 ps. Our results extend the spectral range of soliton microcombs to mid-infrared wavelengths and will lead to integrated, battery driven and turnkey spectrometers in the molecular fingerprint region.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
title: The relationship between emotion and memory: exploring the effects of valence across the adult life-span
Creators: name: Raw, Jasmine
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: Emotional items are often remembered better than neutral items regardless of valence 
however, positive and negative emotions sometimes lead to differential effects on memory. 
This variance is particularly prominent between laboratory-based memories and real-life 
autobiographical memories. Additionally, valence-related patterns on memory are known to 
change with age; older adults frequently demonstrate a preference for positive over negative 
information. According to the Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory (SST), this positivity effect
is the consequence of emotion-related goals becoming more important as future time 
perspective decreases with age. Although the theory provides an explanation for age-related 
differences in emotional processing, not all of the SST’s predictions have been supported.
This thesis therefore explores the relationship between emotion and memory across 
the adult life-span. Specifically, Study 1 examines autobiographical memories for an
emotional event to understand whether valence leads to differences in memory and if they
differ as a function of chronological age. Study 2 explores this relationship further in a 
controlled laboratory setting and obtains neural and behavioural measures to test the 
predictions of the SST. Meanwhile, Study 3 expands on Study 2 to evaluate the predictions of 
the SST across three separate measures of emotional processing: memory, neural activation 
and emotional well-being. 
Overall, the results from Study 1 showed differential effects of valence on memory 
for autobiographical memories, but failed to find age-related effects to support the SST. However, in Study 2, older adults exhibited the positivity effect in memory which may be 
explained by the significant age-related differences in neural activity during emotional 
processing. Finally, age-related differences were found in emotional well-being (Study 3), 
however, not all predictions of the SST were supported, particularly the concept of future 
time perspective. In summary, mixed support for the SST was found suggesting the theory 
may not fully account for all age-related differences in emotional processing.
Are Adaptive Face Recognition Systems still Necessary? Experiments on the APE Dataset
Creators: name: Orrù, Giulia
name: Micheletto, Marco
name: Fierrez, Julian
name: Marcialis, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the last five years, deep learning methods, in particular CNN, have attracted considerable attention in the field of face-based recognition, achieving impressive results. Despite this progress, it is not yet clear precisely to what extent deep features are able to follow all the intra-class variations that the face can present over time. In this paper we investigate the performance the performance improvement of face recognition systems by adopting self updating strategies of the face templates. For that purpose, we evaluate the performance of a well-known deep-learning face representation, namely, FaceNet, on a dataset that we generated explicitly conceived to embed intra-class variations of users on a large time span of captures: the APhotoEveryday (APE) dataset. Moreover, we compare these deep features with handcrafted features extracted using the BSIF algorithm. In both cases, we evaluate various template update strategies, in order to detect the most useful for such kind of features. Experimental results show the effectiveness of "optimized" self-update methods with respect to systems without update or random selection of templates.
description: Preprint version of a paper accepted at IPAS 2020 (Fourth IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Applications and Systems)
Additional file 1 of The epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii complex in Germany (2014–2018): an analysis of data from the national Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance system
Creators: name: Said, Dunja
name: Willrich, Niklas
name: Olaniyi Ayobami
name: Noll, Ines
name: Eckmanns, Tim
name: Markwart, Robby
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Proportional distribution of Acinetobacter species. Figure 2. Regional distribution of carbapenem resistance proportions in A. baumannii complex isolates by care setting type
Compact objects and Black Holes: Nobel Prize for Physics 2020
Creators: name: Bagla, J S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 has been divided, one half awarded to Roger Penrose for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity. and the other half jointly to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy. Here we describe their work and put it in historical context and discuss specific advances that have been rewarded.
description: 11 pages
Robust charge stripe order under high electric fields in Nd1.67Sr0.33NiO4
Creators: name: Huecker, M.
name: Zimmermann, M. v.
name: Gu, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of high electric fields on the charge stripe order in Nd1.67Sr0.33NiO4 was studied by means of simultaneous hard x-ray diffraction and electrical transport experiments. Direct measurements of the charge stripe satellite peaks in zero and high electric fields provide no evidence for a deformation or a sliding of the stripe lattice, which contradicts previous indications from non-linear conductance effects. By using the order parameter of a structural phase transition for instant sample temperature measurements, non-linear transport effects can be attributed to resistive heating. Implications for the pinning of stripes in the nickelates are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Comparison of intubation performance withdifferent airway manikins by inexperiencedhands, cross-over manikin study
Creators: name: Narong Jongaramrueng
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Intubation
intratracheal
instrumentation
manikins

description: Journal of Medical Bioscience, 6, 1, 51-58
Why not our voices? New listenings and new worlds in the sonic imaginary
Creators: name: Lane, Cathy
Publisher: name: University of the Arts London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Why not our voices? New listenings and new worlds in the sonic imaginaryKey Note Talkby Cathy LaneAt Sound Art Matters conference, AARHUS University, Denmark1-4June2016www.conferences.au.dk/soundart2016We live in sound, it is all around us. We are implicated in the social relationships and ideologies that we hear reflected back to us. Sound art offers the chance to critique the world that we hear and to produce new and different possibilities. Are sound artists taking up the challenge of offering new ways of knowing or changing the world and does this need new ways of listening and understanding? Can sound art or listening act as tools for radical change by ‘de-conditioning’ our listening and help us cross linguistic, cultural, geographic, ethnic, gendered, specied and sexual prejudicial borders? This presentation will consider how a new listenings might lead to a richer more inclusive sound art that can embrace and celebrate difference.
Burnout syndrome among medical personnelinvolved in care of patients with neurologicalconditions at a tertiary care hospital inBangkok Metropolis.
Creators: name: Anchalee Lertmingchaimongkol
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Burnout syndrome
medical personnel
neurological conditions
workplace violence

description: Journal of Medical Bioscience, 6, 1, 59-64
Temporal contrast enhancement of energeticlaser pulses by filtered self-phase-modulation broadened spectra
Creators: name: Buldt, Joachim
name: Mueller, Michael
name: Klas, Robert
name: Eidam, Tino
name: Limpert, Jens
name: Tuennermann, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach for temporal contrast enhancement of energetic laserpulses by filtered SPM broadened spectra. A measured temporal contrast enhancement by at least 7 orders of magnitude in a simple setup has been achieved. This technique is applicable to a wide range of laser parameters and poses a highly efficient alternative to existing contrast-enhancement methods.
SU(3) gauge theory at finite temperature in 2 + 1 dimensions
Creators: name: Bialas, P.
name: Daniel, L.
name: Morel, A.
name: Petersson, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we will discuss numerical results on screening masses and thermodynamic quantities in 2 + 1 dimensional SU(3) gauge theory. We will also compare them to perturbation theory and the dimensionally reduced model.
description: 4 pages, talk given at International Conference on Strong & Electroweak Matter 2006 Brookhaven National Laboratory May 10-13, 2006
Stress of grade 9 students taking an extra coursefor the admission examination of Triam UdomSuksa School and Mahidol Wittayanusorn School
Creators: name: Wijittaporn Somchai
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Adolescent mental health
extra course
high school student
Mahidol Wittayanusorn school
stress
Triam Udom Suksa School

description: Journal of Medical Bioscience, 6, 1, 71-82
Chatbot integration in few patterns
Creators: name: Baez, Marcos
name: Daniel, Florian
name: Casati, Fabio
name: Benatallah, Boualem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chatbots are software agents that are able to interact with humans in natural language. Their intuitive interaction paradigm is expected to significantly reshape the software landscape of tomorrow, while already today chatbots are invading a multitude of scenarios and contexts. This article takes a developer's perspective, identifies a set of architectural patterns that capture different chatbot integration scenarios, and reviews state-of-the-art development aids.
description: prior version was an incomplete early draft; current version includes changes in references, appropriate acknowledgement; and minor revisions
Additional file 1 of The carbon footprint of dietary guidelines around the world: a seven country modeling study
Creators: name: Kovacs, Brittany
name: Miller, Lindsey
name: Heller, Martin C.
name: Rose, Donald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Daily recommended amounts of food groups by country as presented in each country’s food-based dietary guideline.
Additional file 1 of Understanding why apprentices consider dropping out: longitudinal prediction of apprentices’ workplace interest and anxiety
Creators: name: Powers, Tim E.
name: Watt, Helen M. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix A includes list of measurement items. Appendix B provides measurement invariance tests on repeatedly measured factors.
Radio observations of the merging galaxy cluster system Abell 3391-Abell 3395
Creators: name: Brüggen, M.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Bulbul, E.
name: Koribalski, B. S.
name: Andernach, H.
name: Rudnick, L.
name: Hoang, D. N.
name: Wilber, A. G.
name: Duchesne, S. W.
name: Veronica, A.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Norris, R. P.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Brown, M. J. I.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Collier, J. D.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Vardoulaki, E.
name: Venturi, T.
name: Kapinska, A. D.
name: Marvil, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pre-merging system of galaxy clusters Abell 3391-Abell 3395 located at a mean redshift of 0.053 has been observed at 1 GHz in an ASKAP/EMU Early Science observation as well as in X-rays with eROSITA. The projected separation of the X-ray peaks of the two clusters is $\sim$50$'$ or $\sim$ 3.1 Mpc. Here we present an inventory of interesting radio sources in this field around this cluster merger. While the eROSITA observations provide clear indications of a bridge of thermal gas between the clusters, neither ASKAP nor MWA observations show any diffuse radio emission coinciding with the X-ray bridge. We derive an upper limit on the radio emissivity in the bridge region of $\langle J \rangle_{1\,{\rm GHz}}< 1.2 \times 10^{-44} {\rm W}\, {\rm Hz}^{-1} {\rm m}^{-3}$. A non-detection of diffuse radio emission in the X-ray bridge between these two clusters has implications for particle-acceleration mechanisms in cosmological large-scale structure. We also report extended or otherwise noteworthy radio sources in the 30 deg$^2$ field around Abell 3391-Abell 3395. We identified 20 Giant Radio Galaxies, plus 7 candidates, with linear projected sizes greater than 1 Mpc. The sky density of field radio galaxies with largest linear sizes of $>0.7$ Mpc is $\approx 1.7$ deg$^{-2}$, three times higher than previously reported. We find no evidence for a cosmological evolution of the population of Giant Radio Galaxies. Moreover, we find seven candidates for cluster radio relics and radio halos.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press
Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Large AGN Population in Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Martini, Paul
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
name: Kim, Eunhyeuk
name: Mulchaey, John S.
name: Athey, Alex A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have completed a spectroscopic survey of X-ray point sources in eight low-redshift clusters of galaxies (0.0510^{41}) ~ 5%. We stress that additional, lower-luminosity AGN are expected to be present in the M_R < -20 mag cluster members. Our data unambiguously demonstrate that cluster galaxies host AGN more frequently than previously expected. Only four of these galaxies have obvious visible-wavelength AGN signatures, even though their X-ray luminosities are too high for their X-ray emission to be due to populations of low-mass X-ray binaries or hot, gaseous halos. We attribute the significant difference in visible and X-ray AGN identification to dilution of low-luminosity AGN spectral signatures by host galaxy starlight and/or obscuration of accretion onto the central, supermassive black hole.
description: ApJ accepted, 20 pages, 15 figures, emulateapj
Mid-Infrared Microscopy via Position Correlations of Undetected Photons
Creators: name: Kviatkovsky, Inna
name: Chrzanowski, Helen M.
name: Ramelow, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum imaging with undetected photons (QIUP) has recently emerged as a new powerful imaging tool. Exploiting the spatial entanglement of photon pairs, it allows decoupling of the sensing and detection wavelengths, facilitating imaging in otherwise challenging spectral regions with mature silicon-based detection technology. All existing implementations of QIUP have so far utilised the momentum correlations within the biphoton state. Here, for the first time, we implement and examine theoretically and numerically the complementary scenario - utilising the tight position correlations formed within photon pair at birth. This image plane arrangement facilitates high resolution imaging with comparative experimental ease, and we experimentally show resolutions below 10 $μ$m at a sensing wavelength of 3.7 $μ$m. Moreover, imaging a slice of mouse heart tissue at the mid-IR to reveal morphological features on the cellular level, we further demonstrate the viability of the technique for the life sciences. These results offer new perspectives on the capabilities of QIUP for label-free wide-field microscopy, enabling new real-world applications in biomedical as well as industrial imaging at inaccessible wavelengths.
Impacts of integrated multidisciplinary careinheart failure clinic among tertiary care levelhospitals: A retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Artit Torpongpum
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Heart failure clinic
heart failure hospitalization cost
heart failure hospitalization rate
multidisciplinary care

description: Journal of Medical Bioscience, 6, 1, 103-112
Additional file 1 of Neuronal hibernation following hippocampal demyelination
Creators: name: Baltan, Selva
name: Jawaid, Safdar S.
name: Chomyk, Anthony M.
name: Kidd, Grahame J.
name: Chen, Jacqueline
name: Harsha D. Battapady
name: Chan, Ricky
name: Dutta, Ranjan
name: Trapp, Bruce D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. 1 Presynaptic activity of Schaeffer collaterals is maintained during demyelination and following remyelination Fig. 2 Hippocampi were segmented from T2w MRI and their volumes were quantified Fig. 3 CNS cell-specific transcripts that were significantly altered by demyelination and partially restored by remyelination Fig. 4 CNS cell-specific transcripts that were significantly altered by demyelination and partially restored by remyelination Fig. 5 Volcano plot of selected gene transcripts that are significantly altered in demyelinated hippocampi
Disorder-driven quantum phase transition from antiferromagnetic metal to insulating state in multilayered high-Tc cuprate (Cu,C)Ba2Ca4Cu5Oy
Creators: name: Mukuda, Hidekazu
name: Abe, Machiko
name: Shimizu, Sunao
name: Kitaoka, Yoshio
name: Iyo, Akira
name: Kodama, Yasuharu
name: Kito, Hijiri
name: Tanaka, Yasutomo
name: Tokiwa, Kazuyasu
name: Watanabe, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on superconducting(SC) characteristics for oxygen-reduced Cu-based five-layered high-temperature superconductor (Cu,C)Ba2Ca4Cu5Oy(Cu-1245(OPT)), which includes five-fold outer planes (OP) and four-fold inner planes (IP).As a result of the reduction of the carrier density, the bulk SC for Cu-1245 (OPT) takes place at the nearly optimally-doped OP with Tc= 98 K that is different from previously-reported Cu-1245(OVD) where IP plays a primary role for the onset of SC. It gives an evidence that the carrier density of the optimally-doped layer determines its bulk Tc.Static antiferromagnetic(AFM) order is evidenced at IP's by zero-field Cu-NMR at low temperature, irrespective of the SC transition at OP's below 98K. This AFM state at IP's is characterized by a carrier localization at low temperatures due to disorder effect, whereas the carrier densities in each layer are similar to Hg-1245(OPT) where the AFM metallic state are realized in IP's. This finding reinforces the phase diagram in which the AFM metallic phase exists between AFM insulator and SC states for the case of ideally-flat CuO2 plane without disorder.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Finite- to zero-range relativistic mean-field interactions
Creators: name: Niksic, T.
name: Vretenar, D.
name: Lalazissis, G. A.
name: Ring, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between the finite-range (meson-exchange) and zero-range (point-coupling) representations of effective nuclear interactions in the relativistic mean-field framework. Starting from the phenomenological interaction DD-ME2 with density-dependent meson-nucleon couplings, we construct a family of point-coupling effective interactions for different values of the strength parameter of the isoscalar-scalar derivative term. In the meson-exchange picture this corresponds to different values of the $σ$-meson mass. The parameters of the isoscalar-scalar and isovector-vector channels of the point-coupling interactions are adjusted to nuclear matter and ground-state properties of finite nuclei. By comparing results for infinite and semi-infinite nuclear matter, ground-state masses, charge radii, and collective excitations, we discuss constraints on the parameters of phenomenological point-coupling relativistic effective interaction.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C
A new phenomenon in graphene: The pseudospinorial Zitterbewegung
Creators: name: Diago-Cisneros, L.
name: Serna, Eduardo
name: Vargas, I. Rodríguez
name: Pérez-Álvarez, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We foretell a new pseudospin-dependent phenomenon in mono-layer graphene (MLG), which is numerically simulated \emph{via} an innovator nano-spintronic device. We proposed a novel theoretical procedure for describing the dynamics of Dirac fermions, departing from classic theoretical modelling. More importantly, we have found appealing evidences of wiggling anti-phase oscillations in the probability density time-distribution for each sub-lattice state, which we called pseudospinorial Zitterbewegung effect (PZBE). The PZBE undergoes modulated by a robust transient character, with decay time of femtoseconds. Interestingly, several features of the PZBE become tunable, even up to fully vanishing it at the vicinity of the Dirac points, as well as for a symmetric pseudospin configuration. We have observed evidences of perfect Klein tunneling and perfect anti-Klein backscattering in a single simulation, which is unprecedented for Q1D-MLG, as far as we know.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Numerical investigations of the minimum-B effect in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source
Creators: name: Mironov, V.
name: Bogomolov, S.
name: Bondarchenko, A.
name: Efremov, A.
name: Loginov, V.
name: Pugachev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional particle-in-cell model NAM-ECRIS is used for investigation of how the DECRIS-PM Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source is reacting to changes in the source magnetic configuration. The accent is made on changes in the magnetic field at the magnetic trap center, the minimum-B value. It is calculated that the optimal normalized value of the field is ~0.8, close to the experimental observations. The reasons for existence of the optimum are discussed. It is observed that the electron energies are increasing with the increased minimum-B values due to enhanced confinement of the energetic electrons in the plasma. Bumps in energy spectra of the radially lost electrons are observed and explained to be due to nonadiabatic losses of electrons.
Global optical/infrared - X-ray correlations in X-ray binaries: quantifying disc and jet contributions
Creators: name: Russell, D. M.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Brocksopp, C.
name: Homan, J.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Buxton, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical/near-infrared (OIR) region of the spectra of low-mass X-ray binaries appears to lie at the intersection of a variety of different emission processes. In this paper we present quasi-simultaneous OIR - X-ray observations of 33 XBs in an attempt to estimate the contributions of various emission processes in these sources, as a function of X-ray state and luminosity. A global correlation is found between OIR and X-ray luminosity for low-mass black hole candidate XBs (BHXBs) in the hard X-ray state, of the form L_OIR is proportional to Lx^0.6. This correlation holds over 8 orders of magnitude in Lx and includes data from BHXBs in quiescence and at large distances (LMC and M31). A similar correlation is found in low-mass neutron star XBs (NSXBs) in the hard state. For BHXBs in the soft state, all the near-infrared (NIR) and some of the optical emission is suppressed below the correlation, a behaviour indicative of the jet switching off/on in transition to/from the soft state. We compare these relations to theoretical models of a number of emission processes. We find that X-ray reprocessing in the disc and emission from the jets both predict a slope close to 0.6 for BHXBs, and both contribute to the OIR in BHXBs in the hard state, the jets producing ~90 percent of the NIR emission at high luminosities. X-ray reprocessing dominates the OIR in NSXBs in the hard state, with possible contributions from the jets (only at high luminosity) and the viscously heated disc. We also show that the optically thick jet spectrum of BHXBs extends to near the K-band. (abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 19 pages, 7 figures
Unfolding the mural of group interaction, creative writing and the computer: a case study of three English as an additional language (EAL) learners
Creators: name: Fine, Julie Leona
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This research explores the group interaction of three adult English as an Additional Language (EAL) university students in the context of the computer. The group met five times over a period of five weeks to collaborate for two hours on creative writing tasks at the computer. The five activities were linked to the theme of Identity and included a short story, a poem, a letter, a television commercial and a written dialogue. Through a qualitative case study approach, the research sought to meld the learners' perceptions of the interactive process with that of the researcher. The study describes the themes and patterns which emerge from the collaborative sessions and also examines the role that process plays in the outcome of the product. To document the process I kept a journal, took notes during the sessions and conducted both group and individual discussion/interviews. Each session was both audio and video taped. The findings of the study suggest that the interaction surrounding the computer is a complex phenomenon influenced by factors such as, group dynamics and task type, as well as individual factors. The study showed that the computer facilitated group oral corrections to grammar, vocabulary, spelling and punctuation, but that the talk which surrounded the computer tended to be less fluid and less complex from that of conversational interaction. The computer also prompted alternate means of communication in terms of body language and "talk through the screen". Implications from the findings suggest that the communication which surrounds group interaction on the computer is indeed different then that of group written and oral interaction. The advent of the computer has created a whole new sea of interchange, one which requires further inquiry.
Additional file 1 of Brexit and European doctors’ decisions to leave the United Kingdom: a qualitative analysis of free-text questionnaire comments
Creators: name: Milner, Adrienne
name: Nielsen, Rebecca
name: Norris, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1.
Theory of anisotropic superfluid He-4 counterflow turbulence
Creators: name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Lvov, Yuri V.
name: Nazarenko, Sergey
name: Pomyalov, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytic theory of strong anisotropy of the energy spectra in the thermally-driven turbulent counterflow of superfluid He-4. The key ingredients of the theory are the three-dimensional differential closure for the vector of the energy flux and the anisotropy of the mutual friction force. We suggest an approximate analytic solution of the resulting energy-rate equation, which is fully supported by the numerical solution. The two-dimensional energy spectrum is strongly confined in the direction of the counterflow velocity. In agreement with the experiment, the energy spectra in the direction orthogonal to the counterflow exhibit two scaling ranges: a near-classical non-universal cascade-dominated range and a universal critical regime at large wavenumbers. The theory predicts the dependence of various details of the spectra and the transition to the universal critical regime on the flow parameters. This article is a part of the theme issue 'Scaling the turbulence edifice'.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
title: Investigation of the chromatin remodelling enzyme Uls1 and its interactions with Topoisomerase 2 in  S. cerevisiae
Creators: name: Swanston, Amy
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: Acriflavine (ACF) is a Topoisomerase 2 (Top2) poison, a class of drugs which stall Top2 during its reaction cycle causing the formation of persistent DNA breaks to which Top2 remains covalently bound. Deletion of ULS1 causes sensitivity to ACF, with cells showing activation of the Rad53 DNA damage checkpoint. Uls1 is a chromatin remodelling enzyme also implicated in the regulation of levels of SUMO conjugated proteins. We show that Uls1 has both a genetic and physical interaction with Top2, with uls1Δ sensitivity to ACF being linked to Top2 activity. Analysis of Uls1 and Top2 localisation genome wide via ChIP-seq reveals areas where the two proteins co-localise, with Top2 enrichment on chromatin being altered upon deletion of ULS1. At these areas, the presence of Uls1 prevents accumulation of Top2 upon addition of ACF. Our data suggests that Uls1 is required for regulation of stalled Top2. Top2 poisons are used therapeutically as anti-cancer drugs, however these drugs have been implicated in the formation of secondary cancers due to chromosomal translocations arising during the repair of Top2 generated double strand breaks (DSB). The use of dual targeted therapies where a Top2 poison is paired with an inhibitor of another pathway that increases sensitivity to the Top2 poison allows a lower dose to be used, therefore reducing harmful side effects. Our work looked to identify Top2 poison sensitive pathways in S. cerevisiae, where non-essential and essential gene mutants were assayed for sensitivity to ACF. This allowed a comprehensive analysis of 83% of the genes in S. cerevisiae, identifying novel genes within the areas of DNA repair, DNA replication, transcription, chromatin structure, protein modification/degradation, cell division/cell cycle and cellular organisation/cytoskeleton as being important in the response to this bulky adduct.
Immigrant and refugee students’ achievement in Vancouver secondary schools: an examination of the common underlying proficiency model
Creators: name: Clarke, Debra Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of first language literacy and educational backgrounds on literacy and academic performance in a second language and, to learn more about students' perceptions of their linguistic, academic and social development in schooling in which the language of instruction is English. Fifty-five students were selected from seven high schools in the Vancouver School District, Vancouver, British Columbia. Information about students' first language (L1) literacy and educational experiences, including previous instruction in English was obtained on arrival. Proficiency in second language (L2) reading and first and second language writing was observed on arrival and in the spring of 1996, after a minimum of four years of English-only schooling, using standardized and holistic measures. Grade Point Averages (GPA) were calculated for students' achievement in four academic subjects. Analysis by ANOVA showed a significant difference in the length of time spent in ESL due to years of previous English study (F (7,43) = 4.26, p = .0012). Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were calculated to observe relationships between L1 literacy and time spent in ESL, L1 education and time spent in ESL, and L2 reading and writing and achievement in English, social studies, science and math. Significant relationships were found between proficiency in L2 reading and writing and academic achievement, as measured by GPA. Significant findings were also obtained for L1 literacy and time spent in ESL (-.33, p < .05). Orthographic similarity was not a predictor of L2 reading, as measured on a standardized test of reading comprehension (t = .105, p = .747). Results of the study showed that L1 literacy development, L1 schooling, and previous English study enhanced acquisition of English, as measured by time spent in ESL. The researcher concluded that L1 literacy and education are important factors affecting the rate and level of L2 proficiency attained and academic achievement. Implications from findings suggest that in schooling where the language of instruction is English, students who have not acquired literacy skills in L1 have different needs and face a greater challenge than students who are literate in L1 .
Advanced Optimization Strategies for Kesterite Solar Cells: About Pathways and Landscapes?
Creators: name: Gütay, Levent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: kesterite
solar cells
reaction pathway
defect landscape

description: This was an Invited talk at the 4th Asia-Pacific Kesterite Workshop at the 31st PVSEC in Sydney 2021 Abstract: The efficiency of kesterite solar cells has been barely rising over the past years. This is being attributed commonly to Sn-related deep defects in the absorber. In this presentation, I will discuss the influence of the elemental composition of the precursor and absorber and show that they can be tuned independently from each other. I will briefly explain the process developed in our labs, which allows for starting at various precursor ratios but eventually reaching a very similar targeted composition region at the end of the process. This is realized by an in-process composition shift during the high temperature annealing step under selenium atmosphere. This composition shift was previously reported only for the Cu/Sn ratio in the layer and was recently extended for additional Ge incorporation and tuning of the Sn/Ge ratio. We find that although the final composition ends up in a similar region, the starting precursor composition has a clear influence on the opto-electronic and structural properties of the kesterite absorber and on the resulting device properties. We believe that this type of process can be used to guide the formation reactions during the kesterite growth along a preferred formation pathway. Following the common agreement in the community that kesterite thin films are usually grown far away from equilibrium, it appears to be a reasonable assumption that the as-grown absorbers may contain residuals of the varied formation pathway and in-process composition shift even if the final composition range is always reached. These lead to noticeable device differences in VOC-deficit, Urbach tailing and an impact on the defect landscape which is probed by low temperature photoluminescence and Raman investigations. Further, it was found that the chosen composition pathway during the growth also influences the long-term stability of devices.
description: Invited talk at the 4th Asia-Pacific Kesterite Workshop at the 31st PVSEC in Sydney 2021. Preliminary data is made partially invisible in this published version.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in health care workers at a tertiary care New York hospital during the Spring COVID-19 surge
Creators: name: Talbot, Lillian R.
name: Romeiser, Jamie L.
name: Spitzer, Eric D.
name: Gan, Tong J.
name: Singh, Sunitha M.
name: Fries, Bettina C.
name: Bennett-Guerrero, Elliott
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Figure 1 Finger stick IgG antibody levels correlate tightly with antibody levels of EDTA peripheral blood and plasma. Figures show correlations of IgG values from different matrices. Table shows percent positive (IgM or IgG), and median IQR for IgM and IgG from each of the 3 matrices obtained from 31 subjects
Panchromatic study of GRB 060124: from precursor to afterglow
Creators: name: Romano, P.
name: Campana, S.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Cummings, J.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Mineo, T.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Pal'shin, V.
name: Rol, E.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Aptekar, R.
name: Barbier, S.
name: Barthelmy, S.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Boyd, P.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Capalbi, M.
name: Fenimore, E. E.
name: Frederiks, D.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: Godet, O.
name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Guetta, D.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: La Parola, V.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Marshall, F.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Perri, M.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of GRB 060124, the first event for which both the prompt and the afterglow emission could be observed simultaneously and in their entirety by the three Swift instruments. Indeed, Swift-BAT triggered on a precursor ~570s before the main burst peak, and this allowed Swift to repoint the narrow field instruments to the burst position ~350s before the main burst occurred. GRB 060124 also triggered Konus-Wind, which observed the prompt emission in a harder gamma-ray band (up to 2MeV). Thanks to these exceptional circumstances, the temporal and spectral properties of the prompt emission can be studied in the optical, X-ray and gamma-ray ranges. While the X-ray emission (0.2-10keV) clearly tracks the gamma-ray burst, the optical component follows a different pattern, likely indicating a different origin, possibly the onset of external shocks. The prompt GRB spectrum shows significant spectral evolution, with both the peak energy and the spectral index varying. As observed in several long GRBs, significant lags are measured between the hard- and low-energy components, showing that this behaviour extends over 3 decades in energy. The GRB peaks are also much broader at soft energies. This is related to the temporal evolution of the spectrum, and can be accounted for by assuming that the electron spectral index softened with time. The burst energy (E_iso~5x10^{53} erg) and average peak energy (E_p~300keV) make GRB 060124 consistent with the Amati relation. The X-ray afterglow is characterized by a decay which presents a break at t_b~10^5s.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables. Astronomy and Astrophysics, accepted. Revised UVOT photometry
Exogenous and Endogenous Price Jumps Belong to Different Dynamical Classes
Creators: name: Marcaccioli, Riccardo
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Benzaquen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchronising a database of stock specific news with 5 years worth of order book data on 300 stocks, we show that abnormal price movements following news releases (exogenous) exhibit markedly different dynamical features from those arising spontaneously (endogenous). On average, large volatility fluctuations induced by exogenous events occur abruptly and are followed by a decaying power-law relaxation, while endogenous price jumps are characterized by progressively accelerating growth of volatility, also followed by a power-law relaxation, but slower than for exogenous jumps. Remarkably, our results are reminiscent of what is observed in different contexts, namely Amazon book sales and YouTube views. Finally, we show that fitting power-laws to {\it individual} volatility profiles allows one to classify large events into endogenous and exogenous dynamical classes, without relying on the news feed.
Reference frames, superselection rules, and quantum information
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Rudolph, Terry
name: Spekkens, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, there has been much interest in a new kind of ``unspeakable'' quantum information that stands to regular quantum information in the same way that a direction in space or a moment in time stands to a classical bit string: the former can only be encoded using particular degrees of freedom while the latter are indifferent to the physical nature of the information carriers. The problem of correlating distant reference frames, of which aligning Cartesian axes and synchronizing clocks are important instances, is an example of a task that requires the exchange of unspeakable information and for which it is interesting to determine the fundamental quantum limit of efficiency. There have also been many investigations into the information theory that is appropriate for parties that lack reference frames or that lack correlation between their reference frames, restrictions that result in global and local superselection rules. In the presence of these, quantum unspeakable information becomes a new kind of resource that can be manipulated, depleted, quantified, etcetera. Methods have also been developed to contend with these restrictions using relational encodings, particularly in the context of computation, cryptography, communication, and the manipulation of entanglement. This article reviews the role of reference frames and superselection rules in the theory of quantum information processing.
description: 55 pages, published version
Writing about the Sound of Unicorns
Creators: name: Voegelin, Prof. Salomé
Publisher: name: University of the Arts London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Writing about the Sound of Unicorns Key Note Talk By Salomé Voegelinat the Society for Artistic Research's Writing as Practice Practice as Writing conferenceLocation: Royal Conservatoire & Royal Academy of Art, The Hague, Netherlands28th & 29th April 2016