cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blind deconvolution of covariance matrix inverses for autoregressive processes
Creators: name: Golyandina, Nina
name: Zhigljavsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A24, 15A21, 62M10

description: Matrix $\mathbf{C}$ can be blindly deconvoluted if there exist matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ such that $\mathbf{C}= \mathbf{A} \ast \mathbf{B}$, where $\ast$ denotes the operation of matrix convolution. We study the problem of matrix deconvolution in the case where matrix $\mathbf{C}$ is proportional to the inverse of the autocovariance matrix of an autoregressive process. We show that the deconvolution of such matrices is important in problems of Hankel structured low-rank approximation (HSLRA). In the cases of autoregressive models of orders one and two, we fully characterize the range of parameters where such deconvolution can be performed and provide construction schemes for performing deconvolutions. We also consider general autoregressive models of order $p$, where we prove that the deconvolution $\mathbf{C}= \mathbf{A} \ast \mathbf{B}$ does not exist if the matrix $\mathbf{B}$ is diagonal and its size is larger than $p$.
A Model of Wheat Yield Response to Application of Diclofop-Methyl to Control Ryegrass (Lolium Rigidum)
Creators: name: Pannell, David J
name: Pannell, David J
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A general model of crop yield response to herbicide application is proposed. The model includes three components: the effect of herbicide dosage on weed density, the effect of surviving weed density on crop yield and the effect of herbicide directly on the crop. The model is used to estimate the response of wheat yield to application of diclofop-methyl to control ryegrass .(Lolium rigidum) in Australia. It is found that the competitiveness of ryegrass plants surviving treatment is reduced by the treatment and that the proportion of yield lost at a given ryegrass density is not independent of the absolute weed-free yield. The response function is used to calculate economic thresholds and optimal herbicide dosages for ryegrass control in wheat by diclofop-methyl.
A novel approach to the study of critical systems
Creators: name: Palmieri, Lorenzo
name: Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel approach to study the critical behavior of equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems which is based on the concept of an instantaneous correlation length. We analyze in detail two classical statistical mechanical systems: the XY model and the Ising model, and one of the prototype models of Self-Organized Criticality: the forest fire model (FFM). The proposed method can both capture the critical behavior of the XY model and the Ising model and discriminate between the nature of the phase transition in the two scenarios. When applied to the FFM, it gives surprising results, suggesting that the model could be critical despite displaying broken scaling in the distribution of cluster sizes.
Additional file 11 of Mechanism of Zn2+ regulation of cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30
Creators: name: Li, Ni
name: Li, Jing
name: Chen, Yumeng
name: Shen, Yaling
name: Wei, Dongzhi
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Figure S7. Construction and verification of T. reesei deletion mutant, which were performed as described in our previous study [1]. a: The skeleton schematic diagram to delete plc-e in the parent strain RUT-C30. b: The skeleton schematic diagram to delete zafA in the parent strain RUT-C30. c: The skeleton schematic diagram to delete crz1 in the parent strain RUT-C30. d: Validated electrophoretic diagram to verify the knockout of plc-e, zafA, and crz1 in the parent strain RUT-C30, respectively; M: marker.
The Environmental and Economic Impact of Withdrawing Antibiotics from US Broiler Production
Creators: name: Salois, M.J.
name: Cady, R.A.
name: Heskett, E.A.
name: Salois, M.J.
name: Cady, R.A.
name: Heskett, E.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: antibiotic-free
subject: broiler
subject: chicken
subject: sustainability
subject: environment
subject: economic

description: Rising consumer interest in how food is produced has resulted in the growth of antibiotic-free meat production and consumption. The antibiotic-free classification is most prominent in the poultry market as several producers and retail-chain companies have moved their marketing in that direction. This study examines the environmental and economic impacts of withdrawing antibiotics (including animal-only ionophores) from U.S. broiler production. Two systems—conventional and 100% antibiotic-free (ABF)—are modeled, examining differences between average survivability, space requirements, days to grow-out a defined sized bird, and days between production cycles. Data were obtained from the USDA, industry sources (e.g., Agri Stats, Vantress, Aviagen), and expert knowledge. Total output is calculated to compare the average quantity of edible broiler meat produced within each system. Results reveal a decline in average production in the ABF system for a given broiler house compared to the conventional system. Compared to broilers produced in a conventional system, birds raised in a single broiler house under ABF conditions will have an annual reduction of between 50,000–100,000 lbs of edible meat (breast, legs, thighs, wings) equivalent to between 265,000–530,000 individual 3 oz. single servings. This loss represents enough to feed 600–1,000 people annually, based on average annual consumption of chicken in the United States in 2012. In order to maintain the same supply of meat under ABF conditions, a typical broiler house will require between 15,000–33,000 more marketed broilers per year. Due to the additional broilers needed, eliminating antibiotic use has an environmental impact. Compared to a conventional house, chickens raised in a single broiler house under ABF conditions will require between 185,000–390,000 additional lbs. of feed per a year; between forty-two and ninety additional acres a year to produce that feed; between 33,000 and 78,000 additional gallons of water consumed; and between 157,000 and 333,000 additional tons of manure produced. In addition, the cost to produce edible prime meat in a broiler house under ABF conditions is between $52,000 and $110,000 per year.Findings suggest that eliminating the use of antibiotics in the raising of broilers may have a negative effect on the conservation of natural resources as well as a negative economic effect via increased prices to the consumer. Results suggest the need to communicate to consumers the supportive role that prudent, responsible use of antibiotics for animal disease treatment, control, and prevention plays in the sustainable production of broilers.
Xanthopimpla transmaculata Wang & Huang. The 1993
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla transmaculata

description: Xanthopimpla transmaculata Wang & Huang, 1993
 Xanthopimpla transmaculata Wang & Huang, 1993. Animals of Longqi Mountain: 729. Holotype: ♀, China: Mt. Longqi, Fujian (IZCAS).
 Diagnosis. Lateral black marks on mesoscutum strongly curved posteriorly; tergites 1–3 each with black band; ovipositor sheath 0.65x hind tibia.
 Distribution. Previously recorded from China (Wang & Huang 1993), this is the first record of X. transmaculata from Vietnam (Fig. 21).
 Remarks. Compared with the original description, the specimen from Vietnam has a slightly longer ovipositor sheath (0.65x hind tibia versus 0.57x) and a more strongly curved black band on the mesoscutum, extending to the apical 0.3 of the mesoscutum.
 Material examined. Thua Thien-Hue, Bach Ma NP: 1♀ (IEBR), 1380 m a.s.l, 14.viii.2005, X. L. Truong leg.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 13
Cavity Ring-down UV spectroscopy of the C$^2Σ^+$-X$^2Π$ electronic transition of CH
Creators: name: Medcraft, Chris
name: Linnartz, Harold
name: Ubachs, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotationally resolved spectra of the C$^2Σ^+$-X$^2Π$ electronic system of the CH radical were measured using cavity ring-down spectroscopy in supersonically expanding, planar hydrocarbon plasma. The experimental conditions allowed the study of highly excited rotational levels starting from vibrationally excited states. Here we present some 200+ new or more accurately recorded transitions in the 0-0, 1-1 and 2-2 vibronic bands in the ultraviolet between 30900-32400 cm$^{-1}$ (324-309 nm). The resulting data, compared to earlier measurements, allows for the determination of more precise molecular constants for each vibrational state and therefore more precise equilibrium values. From this an equilibrium bond length of 1.115798(17) Å for the C$^2Σ^+$ state is determined. A comprehensive list with observed transitions for each band has been compiled from all available experimental studies and constraints are placed on the predissociation lifetimes.
Evolution of curves and surfaces by mean curvature
Creators: name: White, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: This article describes the mean curvature flow, some of the discoveries that have been made about it, and some unresolved questions.
Direct determination of momentum resolved electron transfer in the photo-excited MoS2/WS2 van der Waals heterobilayer by TR-ARPES
Creators: name: Liu, Fang
name: Li, Qiuyang
name: Zhu, Xiaoyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo-induced charge separation in transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers is being explored for moiré excitons, spin-valley polarization, and quantum phases of excitons/electrons. While different momentum spaces may be critically involved in charge separation dynamics, little is known directly from experiments. Here we determine momentum-resolved electron dynamics in the WS2/MoS2 heterobilayer using time and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES). Upon photoexcitation in the K valleys, we detect electrons in M/2, M, and Q valleys/points on time scales as short as ~70 fs, followed by dynamic equilibration in K and Q valleys in ~400 fs. The interlayer charge transfer is accompanied by momentum-specific band renormalization. These findings reveal the essential role of phonon scattering, the coexistence of direct and indirect interlayer excitons, and constraints on spin-valley polarization.
description: 20 pages, including SI
Curriculum Vitae - Milad Latifi
Creators: name: Latifi, Milad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 90505 Infrastructure Engineering and Asset Management

description: The most recent version of curriculum vitae of Milad Latifi.
Responses to Risk in Weed Control Decisions Under Expected Profit Maximisation
Creators: name: Pannell, David J
name: Pannell, David J
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Risk is an important characteristic of decisions about weed control in crops. In this paper it is shown that risk can affect weed control decisions even if the objective of the decision maker is to maximise expected profits: that is, even if the decision maker is "risk neutral" in the usual economic sense. This is shown for two decision frameworks: 'the optimal rate approach and the economic threshold approach. Empirical results are presented for control of ryegrass in wheat in Western Australia. It is found that, in general, risk reduces the optimal level of herbicide use under expected profit maximisation. Although individual sources of risk have a small impact on the optimal decision rules, combinations of uncertain variables can have a relatively large effect.
A Demonstration of Consistency between the Quantum Classical Liouville Equation and Berry's Phase and Curvature
Creators: name: Subotnik, Joseph
name: Miao, Gaohan
name: Bellonzi, Nicole
name: Teh, Hung-Hsuan
name: Dou, Wenjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the quantum classical Liouville equation (QCLE) arises by cutting off the exact equation of motion for a coupled nuclear-electronic system at order 1 (1 = $\hbar^0$ ), we show that the QCLE does include Berry's phase effects and Berry's forces (which are proportional to a higher order, $\hbar$ = $\hbar^1$ ). Thus, the fundamental equation underlying mixed quantum-classical dynamics does not need a correction for Berry's phase effects and is valid for the case of complex Hamiltonians. Furthermore, we also show that, even though Tully's surface hopping model ignores Berry's phase, Berry's phase effects are included automatically within Ehrenfest dynamics. These findings should be of great importance if we seek to model coupled nuclear-electronic dynamics for systems with spin-orbit coupling, where the complex nature of the Hamiltonian is paramount.
Additional file 2 of Mechanism of Zn2+ regulation of cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30
Creators: name: Li, Ni
name: Li, Jing
name: Chen, Yumeng
name: Shen, Yaling
name: Wei, Dongzhi
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Effect of 3 mM Zn2+ on calcium signal transduction related gene transcription levels in RUT-C30 strain. Transcriptional levels of cam (a), cna1 (b), and crz1 (c) of the RUT-C30 strain were detected after culturing in liquid MM for 36, 48 or 60 h containing 0 or 3 mM Zn2+ with 1% (w/v) Avicel as the sole carbon source. The final values are presented as the mean±standard deviation (SD) of three independent experimental results. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to the control (*P <0.05, according to Student’s t-test).
Gauging Away the Strong CP Problem
Creators: name: Aldazabal, G.
name: Ibanez, L. E.
name: Uranga, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new solution to the strong-CP problem. It involves the existence of an unbroken gauged $U(1)_X$ symmetry whose gauge boson gets a Stuckelberg mass term by combining with a pseudoscalar field $η(x)$. The latter has axion-like couplings to $F_{QCD}\wedge F_{QCD}$ so that the theta parameter may be gauged away by a $U(1)_X$ gauge transformation. This system leads to mixed gauge anomalies and we argue that they are cancelled by the addition of an appropriate Wess-Zumino term, so that no SM fermions need to be charged under $U(1)_X$. We discuss scenarios in which the above set of fields and couplings appear. The mechanism is quite generic, but a natural possibility is that the the $U(1)_X$ symmetry arises from bulk gauge bosons in theories with extra dimensions or string models. We show that in certain D-brane Type-II string models (with antisymmetric tensor field strength fluxes) higher dimensional Chern-Simons couplings give rise to the required D=4 Wess-Zumino terms upon compactification. In one of the possible string realizations of the mechanism the $U(1)_X$ gauge boson comes from the Kaluza-Klein reduction of the eleven-dimensional metric in M-theory.
description: 21 pages, latex, one eps figure; v2 improved discussion
Xanthopimpla nana Schulz 1906
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla nana

description: The nana species group
 Diagnosis. Mesoscutum with short notaulus, not extending to anterior level of tegula; scutellum convex, lateral flange extending to apex; propodeum with posterior transverse carina absent or present as two lateral stubs, area superomedia not defined; largest bristles of mid and hind tarsal claws distinctly widened, curved and blackened apically; fore wing with areolet closed.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 18
MOESM1 of A randomised controlled trial exploring the impact of a dedicated health and social care professionals team in the emergency department on the quality, safety, clinical and cost-effectiveness of care for older adults: a study protocol
Creators: name: Cassarino, Marica
name: Robinson, Katie
name: ĂDe OâShaughnessy
name: Smalle, Eimear
name: White, Stephen
name: Devlin, Collette
name: Quinn, Rosie
name: TrĂŠpel, Dominic
name: Boland, Fiona
name: Ward, Marie
name: McNamara, Rosa
name: OâConnor, Margaret
name: McCarthy, Gerard
name: Ryan, Damien
name: Galvin, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
A Note on c=1 Virasoro Boundary States and Asymmetric Shift Orbifolds
Creators: name: Tseng, Li-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the conformal boundary states of the c=1 free boson theory on a circle which do not preserve the U(1) symmetry. We construct these Virasoro boundary states at a generic radius by a simple asymmetric shift orbifold acting on the fundamental boundary states at the self-dual radius. We further calculate the boundary entropy and find that the Virasoro boundary states at irrational radius have infinite boundary entropy. The corresponding open string description of the asymmetric orbifold is given using the quotient algebra construction. Moreover, we find that the quotient algebra associated with a non-fundamental boundary state contains the noncommutative Weyl algebra.
description: 21 pages, harvmac; v2: minor clarification in section 3.4; v3: a discussion on cocycles added in section 2, and low energy limit mistake removed and clarifications added in section 4.2
Greenhouse Characterization of Inorganic Mercury, Methyl Mercury and Ethyl Mercury Migration and Transformation in Indian Mustard and Chinese Pakchoi
Creators: name: Sun, Wen
name: Zhao, Yuyan
name: Zhang, Zeyu
name: Li, Bing
name: Li, Zhenghe
name: Tang, Xiaodan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Soil mercury (Hg) contamination has long been a problem that threatens the environment and organisms. Thus, exploring the migration and transformation of Hg from soil to vegetable is vital. In this study, different Hg solutions were employed in greenhouse experiments. The Hg contents in soil and vegetable samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry. The results showed that the Hg accumulation depended on its concentration and form. A greater accumulation of inorganic Hg was observed in the roots (2.2–27.4 mg/kg) than in the aerial parts (0.6–6.0 mg/kg). A similar trend was also found in the methyl mercury (MeHg) and ethyl mercury (EtHg) irrigated groups. The MeHg contents were 0.7–8.0 μg/kg in roots and 0.1–3.7 μg/kg in aerial parts. The EtHg concentrations were 0.5–3.3 μg/kg in roots and 0.3–1.1 μg/kg in aerial parts. The translocation factors of inorganic Hg and organic Hg for both vegetables in most treatments were less than 0.5, which suggested that Hg primarily accumulated in the roots. The biological concentration factors of inorganic Hg were less than 0.4, and those for MeHg and EtHg were between 0.4 and 0.95, which indicated that the vegetables were more likely to absorb organic Hg from the soil. The methylation of inorganic Hg occurred in the roots. The potential hazards of Hg on food safety and human health must be considered in regions with serious Hg pollution.
Phenomenological theory of phase transitions in highly piezoelectric perovskites
Creators: name: Sergienko, I. A.
name: Gufan, Yu. M.
name: Urazhdin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently discovered fine structure of the morphotropic phase boundaries in highly piezoelectric mixture compounds PZT, PMN-PT, and PZN-PT demonstrates the importance of highly non-linear interactions in these systems. We show that an adequate Landau-type description of the ferroelectric phase transitions in these compounds is achieved by the use of a twelfth-order expansion of the Landau potential in terms of the phenomenological order parameter. Group-theoretical and catastrophe-theory methods are used in constructing the appropriate Landau potential. A complete phase diagram is calculated in phenomenological parameter space. The theory describes both PZT and PZN-PT types of phase diagrams, including the newly found monoclinic and orthorhombic phases. Anomalously large piezoelectric coefficients are predicted in the vicinity of the phase transition lines.
description: RevTex4, 8 pages, 2 figures. Dramatically changed after referees' Comments, to appear in Phys. Rev. B, 1 April 2002
Capital social.pdf
Creators: name: Morales, Mario
name: Aguirre, Francisco Abelardo Robles
name: Hernández, Juan Alberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: There are several theories that make an explicit reference to the relationship between external factors and subjective well-being (SWB). Studies have taken the relationship between these factors and subjective well as fixated; however, this paper suggests that SWB can vary depending on the social capital available to different segments of the population.
Forecasting the Volatilities of Philippine Stock Exchange Composite Index Using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Modeling
Creators: name: Etac, Novy Ann M.
name: Ceballos, Roel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P20

description: This study was conducted to find an appropriate statistical model to forecast the volatilities of PSEi using the model Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH). Using the R software, the log returns of PSEi is modeled using various ARIMA models and with the presence of heteroskedasticity, the log returns was modeled using GARCH. Based on the analysis, GARCH models are the most appropriate to use for the log returns of PSEi. Among the selected GARCH models, GARCH (1,2) has the lowest AIC value and also has the highest LL value implying that GARCH (1,2) is the best model for the log returns of PSEi.
Additional file 3 of Mechanism of Zn2+ regulation of cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30
Creators: name: Li, Ni
name: Li, Jing
name: Chen, Yumeng
name: Shen, Yaling
name: Wei, Dongzhi
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Effect of LaCl3 on cellulase production after Zn2+ treatment. pNPCase (a) and CMCase (b) activity were measured in the RUT-C30 strain after exposed to Zn2+ or LaCl3. The transcriptional levels of cbh1 (c) and egl1 (d) were detected after culturing the RUT-C30 strain in medium supplemented with 0 or 3 mM Zn2+ and with (+) or without (−) 5 mM LaCl3. The final values are presented as the mean±standard deviation (SD) of three independent experimental results. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to the control (*P <0.05, according to Student’s t-test).
Additional file 1 of Changes in ambient temperature increase hospital outpatient visits for allergic rhinitis in Xinxiang, China
Creators: name: Gao, Jianhui
name: Lu, Mengxue
name: Sun, Yinzhen
name: Wang, Jingyao
name: An, Zhen
name: Liu, Yue
name: Li, Juan
name: Jia, Zheng
name: Wu, Weidong
name: Song, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Relative risks of allergic rhinitis associated with daily mean temperature at 75th percentile relative to median temperature at lag02 day using different degrees of freedom per year.
Managing Rural Policy in a Federal System of Government
Creators: name: Rockefeller, Winthrop
name: Rockefeller, Winthrop
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Lack of coordination within the Federal Government and among the Federal, State, and local governments has led to ineffective rural development policy. Federal departments each pursue their own version of rural policy, which may sometimes duplicate and conflict with other departments' efforts. Effective national policy must achieve strong Federal-State-local government collaboration and must include rural communities' and the private sector’s input in decisionmaking.
A new benzofuran compound from the resinous exudates of Commiphora myrrha
Creators: name: Xu, Ning
name: Nyamdavaa, Enkhzaya
name: Yu, Jiaqi
name: Xiao, Hua
name: Liu, Jinglin
name: Li, Shuyan
name: Xu, Liang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: A new benzofuran derivative, identified as myrrhain A (1), was isolated from the resinous exudates of Commiphora myrrha, together with the four known compounds: commipharane (2), myrrhterpeniod (3), myrrhone (4), and 9-methoxymyrrhone (5). All structures were elucidated by NMR and MS analyses. DPPH assay of compounds 1–5 revealed for the first time that all of them possess moderate antioxidative activity.
Comment on "Rényi entropy yields artifficial biases not in the data and incorrect updating due to the infinite-size data"
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Korbel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their recent paper [Phys. Rev. E 99 (2019) 032134], T. Oikinomou and B. Bagci have argued that Rényi entropy is ill-suited for inference purposes because it is not consistent with the Shore{ Johnson axioms of statistical estimation theory. In this Comment we seek to clarify the latter statement by showing that there are several issues in Oikinomou{Bagci reasonings which lead to erroneous conclusions. When all these issues are properly accounted for, no violation of Shore- Johnson axioms is found.
description: 5 pages
On Hrushovski's proof of the Manin-Mumford conjecture
Creators: name: Pink, Richard
name: Roessler, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14K12

description: The Manin-Mumford conjecture in characteristic zero was first proved by Raynaud. Later, Hrushovski gave a different proof using model theory. His main result from model theory, when applied to abelian varieties, can be rephrased in terms of algebraic geometry. In this paper we prove that intervening result using classical algebraic geometry alone. Altogether, this yields a new proof of the Manin-Mumford conjecture using only classical algebraic geometry.
Anomalous protein kinetics on low-fouling surfaces
Creators: name: Hedayati, Mohammadhasan
name: Kipper, Matt J.
name: Krapf, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, protein-surface interactions were probed in terms of adsorption and desorption of a model protein, bovine serum albumin, on a low-fouling surface with single-molecule localization microscopy. Single-molecule experiments enable precise determination of both adsorption and desorption rates. Strikingly the experimental data show anomalous desorption kinetics, evident as a surface dwell time that exhibits a power-law distribution, i.e. a heavy-tailed rather than the expected exponential distribution. As a direct consequence of this heavy-tailed distribution, the average desorption rate depends upon the time scale of the experiment and the protein surface concentration does not reach equilibrium. Further analysis reveals that the observed anomalous desorption emerges due to the reversible formation of a small fraction of soluble protein multimers (small oligomers), such that each one desorbs from the surface with a different rate. The overall kinetics can be described by a series of elementary reactions, yielding simple scaling relations that predict experimental observations. This work reveals a mechanistic origin for anomalous desorption kinetics that can be employed to interpret observations where low-protein fouling surfaces eventually foul when in long-term contact with protein solutions. The work also provides new insights that can be used to define design principles for non-fouling surfaces and to predict their performance.
Xanthopimpla ochracea
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla ochracea

description: The ochracea species group
 Diagnosis. Postpectal carina in form of high triangular flange with deep median notch at apex of triangle; scutellum convex, lateral flange extending to apex; propodeum with area superomedia closed, wider than long; fore wing with areolet closed; largest bristles on mid and hind tibia claws widened, black apically.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 22
Dynamical Breaking of Supersymmetry in Noncommutative Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Khoze, Valentin V.
name: Travaglini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in noncommutative gauge theories. We find that in N=1 noncommutative gauge theories both supersymmetry and gauge invariance are dynamically broken. Supersymmetry is broken spontaneously by a Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term which naturally arises in a noncommutative U(n) theory. For a non-chiral matter content the Fayet-Iliopoulos term is not renormalized and its tree-level value can be chosen to be much smaller than the relevant string/noncommutativity scale. In the low energy theory, the noncommutative U(n) gauge symmetry is broken down to a commutative U(1) x SU(n). This breaking is triggered by the IR/UV mixing and manifests itself at and below the noncommutativity mass scale M_{NC}\sim θ^{-1/2}. In particular, the U(1) degrees of freedom decouple from the SU(n) in the infrared and become arbitrarily weakly coupled, thus playing the role of the hidden sector for supersymmetry breaking.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure; v2, reference added
The release of toxic oligomers from α-synuclein fibrils induces dysfunction in neuronal cells
Creators: name: Cascella, Roberta
name: Chen, Serene W.
name: Bigi, Alessandra
name: Camino, José D.
name: Xu, Catherine K.
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Chiti, Fabrizio
name: Cremades, Nunilo
name: Cecchi, Cristina
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/45/470/2284
/631/80/304
/631/378/1689/1718
/14
/14/19
/14/1
/14/34
/13
/13/2
article

description: Funder: Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (Ministry of Education, University and Research); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003407
description: Abstract: The self-assembly of α-synuclein (αS) into intraneuronal inclusion bodies is a key characteristic of Parkinson’s disease. To define the nature of the species giving rise to neuronal damage, we have investigated the mechanism of action of the main αS populations that have been observed to form progressively during fibril growth. The αS fibrils release soluble prefibrillar oligomeric species with cross-β structure and solvent-exposed hydrophobic clusters. αS prefibrillar oligomers are efficient in crossing and permeabilize neuronal membranes, causing cellular insults. Short fibrils are more neurotoxic than long fibrils due to the higher proportion of fibrillar ends, resulting in a rapid release of oligomers. The kinetics of released αS oligomers match the observed kinetics of toxicity in cellular systems. In addition to previous evidence that αS fibrils can spread in different brain areas, our in vitro results reveal that αS fibrils can also release oligomeric species responsible for an immediate dysfunction of the neurons in the vicinity of these species.
Comments on the topological open membrane
Creators: name: Pioline, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Just as non-commutative gauge theories arise from quantising open strings in a large magnetic field, non-Abelian two-form gauge theories may conceivably be constructed by quantising open membranes in a large three-form magnetic background. We make some observations that arise in following this strategy, with an emphasis on the relation to the quantisation of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms (vpd). In particular, we construct consistent non-Abelian interactions of a two-form in 3+1 dimensions, based on gauge invariance under vpd.
description: 6 pages, latex2e, uses revtex4
The Cold War as an Aesthetic Phenomenon: An Afterthought on Boris Groys
Creators: name: Rajagopal, Arvind
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The Cold War as an Aesthetic Phenomenon: An Afterthought on Boris Groys
Epicyclic oscillations in the Hartle-Thorne external geometry
Creators: name: Urbancová, Gabriela
name: Urbanec, Martin
name: Török, Gabriel
name: Stuchlík, Zdeněk
name: Blaschke, Martin
name: Miller, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The external Hartle-Thorne geometry, which describes the space-time outside a slowly-rotating compact star, is characterized by the gravitational mass $M$, angular momentum $J$ and quadrupole moment $Q$ of the star and gives a convenient description which, for the rotation frequencies of more than 95 % of known pulsars, is sufficiently accurate for most purposes. We focus here on the motion of particles in these space-times, presenting a detailed systematic analysis of the frequency properties of radial and vertical epicyclic motion and of orbital motion. Our investigation is motivated by X-ray observations of binary systems containing a rotating neutron star which is accreting matter from its binary companion. In these systems, twin high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations are sometimes observed with a frequency ratio approaching $3:2$ or $5:4$ and these may be explained by models involving the orbital and epicyclic frequencies of quasi-circular geodesic motion. In our analysis, we use realistic equations of state for the stellar matter and proceed in a self-consistent way, following the Hartle-Thorne approach in calculating both the corresponding values of $Q$, $M$ and $J$ for the stellar model and the properties of the surrounding spacetime. Our results are then applied to a range of geodetical models for QPOs. A key feature of our study is that it implements the recently-discovered universal relations among neutron star parameters so that the results can be directly used for models with different masses $M$, radii $R$ and rotational frequencies $f_\mathrm{rot}$.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Assistance Programs in Fully Capitalized or Overcapitalized Fisheries
Creators: name: Clearly, Donald P.
name: Clearly, Donald P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Most domestic and international fisheries pursued by United States fishermen are fully or overcapitalized. It is becoming increasingly recognized that fishery management programs should be aimed to balance the use of human and capital resources with available fishery resources and this may involved the elimination or redundant fishing effort. At the same time, however, there is considerable pressure for the Federal Government to provide programs of assistance to help vessel owners meet both obstacles to economic well-being and proposed regulations on safety, pollution abatement and mandatory product inspection. This paper examines the conflict between financial assistance which would maintain or expand capacity and fishery management which would reduce the number of vessels in overcapitalized fisheries. In the past, Federal financial assistance programs have stimulated vessel construction, conversions and repairs that have added to fleet harvesting capacity. Even though Federal financial assistance programs have affected only a portion of the net addition of vessels in various fleets, these programs are being carefully considered in light of the fishery management problem.
Additional file 3 of Public perceptions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a demographic analysis of self-reported beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition
Creators: name: Leigh, Jeanna Parsons
name: Brundin-Mather, Rebecca
name: Soo, Andrea
name: FitzGerald, Emily
name: Mizen, Sara
name: Dodds, Alexandra
name: Ahmed, Sofia
name: Burns, Karen E. A.
name: Plotnikoff, Kara M.
name: Rochwerg, Bram
name: Perry, Jeffrey J.
name: Benham, Jamie L.
name: Honarmand, Kimia
name: Hu, Jia
name: Lang, Raynell
name: Stelfox, Henry T.
name: Fiest, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: S1Figure. Perception of COVID-19 pandemic severity by age group. S2 Figure. Self-reported frequency of physical distancing by age group. S3 Figure. Self-reported duration that current levels of physical distancing could be maintained by age group. S4 Figure. Self-reported frequency of information seeking by age group. S5 Figure. Information sources selected as LEAST trustworthy by age group. S6 Figure. Information sources selected as MOST trustworthy by gender group. S7 Figure. Information sources selected as LEAST trustworthy by gender group. S8 Figure. Self-reported strategies used to verify information by education level. S9 Figure. Self-reported strategies used to verify information by age group. S10 Figure. COVID-19 topics searched for information about by age groug.
H2B: Heartbeat-based Secret Key Generation Using Piezo Vibration Sensors
Creators: name: Lin, Qi
name: Xu, Weitao
name: Liu, Jun
name: Khamis, Abdelwahed
name: Hu, Wen
name: Hassan, Mahbub
name: Seneviratne, Aruna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present Heartbeats-2-Bits (H2B), which is a system for securely pairing wearable devices by generating a shared secret key from the skin vibrations caused by heartbeat. This work is motivated by potential power saving opportunity arising from the fact that heartbeat intervals can be detected energy-efficiently using inexpensive and power-efficient piezo sensors, which obviates the need to employ complex heartbeat monitors such as Electrocardiogram or Photoplethysmogram. Indeed, our experiments show that piezo sensors can measure heartbeat intervals on many different body locations including chest, wrist, waist, neck and ankle. Unfortunately, we also discover that the heartbeat interval signal captured by piezo vibration sensors has low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) because they are not designed as precision heartbeat monitors, which becomes the key challenge for H2B. To overcome this problem, we first apply a quantile function-based quantization method to fully extract the useful entropy from the noisy piezo measurements. We then propose a novel Compressive Sensing-based reconciliation method to correct the high bit mismatch rates between the two independently generated keys caused by low SNR. We prototype H2B using off-the-shelf piezo sensors and evaluate its performance on a dataset collected from different body positions of 23 participants. Our results show that H2B has an overwhelming pairing success rate of 95.6%. We also analyze and demonstrate H2B's robustness against three types of attacks. Finally, our power measurements show that H2B is very power-efficient.
Historical Analysis of the U.S. Oyster Market with Emphasis on the Role of Imports
Creators: name: Sokoloski, A.A.
name: Sokoloski, A.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The U.S. oyster supply has experienced a substantial change in its composition. Since 1950 total'oyster imports have more. than tripled, with most of this increase coming from Japan. Imports now account for 23 percent of total U.S. supply. The Pacific Coast receives nearly 60 percent of all U.S. imports and the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts receive approximately 18 percent each. The U.S. oyster industry has been beset by a number of problems. These problems include an antiquated regulatory structure, competition for the resource base, pollution, MSX disease, stagnant technology, declining consumption and imports. As a result the trend in annual harvests has shown a considerable decrease since 1950, particularly in middle Atlantic States where it decreased from 18 to 2 million pounds in only 19 years. Harvesting techniques and ownership patterns are also examined and decreased use of dredges and private oyster grounds are noted. All of these problems affecting the oyster industry have affected profits. To fully understand the role of imports in their effect on profits other determinants of profitability must also be measured. Independent of these other problems, however, imports are shown to have had a measurable impact in some instances in the Gulf and the Pacific region.
Multipartite entanglement structure in the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis
Creators: name: Brenes, Marlon
name: Pappalardi, Silvia
name: Goold, John
name: Silva, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum Fisher information (QFI) and, thus, the multipartite entanglement structure of thermal pure states in the context of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). In both the canonical ensemble and the ETH, the quantum Fisher information may be explicitly calculated from the response functions. In the case of ETH, we find that the expression of the QFI bounds the corresponding canonical expression from above. This implies that although average values and fluctuations of local observables are indistinguishable from their canonical counterpart, the entanglement structure of the state is starkly different; with the difference amplified, e.g., in the proximity of a thermal phase transition. We also provide a state-of-the-art numerical example of a situation where the quantum Fisher information in a quantum many-body system is extensive while the corresponding quantity in the canonical ensemble vanishes. Our findings have direct relevance for the entanglement structure in the asymptotic states of quenched many-body dynamics.
description: Main: 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental: 7 pages, 5 figures. Updates in main text and suplemental material. Journal version
Distribution of Fresh and Frozen Salmon: Analysis and Simulation
Creators: name: Schary, Philip B.
name: Shirley, Robert E.
name: Soule, B. Linn
name: Schary, Philip B.
name: Shirley, Robert E.
name: Soule, B. Linn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This study describes and analyzes the distribution system for marketing of fresh and frozen Pacific salmon as it existed during the period immediately prior to this research, which was conducted from the fall of 1968 to the spring of 1970. The system is composed of two channels: one for negotiation and exchange and the other for the physical distribution of the product itself. While there are many common elements between these systems each channel performs separable functions. The exchange channel is supply oriented because of the uncertainty of provision of adequate volume of fish to meet market demands. There is little dominance by individual firms over channel operations other than that exerted by processors who exercise a primary decision role in the buying, selling, and determination of product form. This power is limited by the presense on the buying side of large retail food chains, which are in turn balanced by the presense of significant export markets.
State Leadership in Rural Development: The Rationale
Creators: name: Sears, David W.
name: Redman, John M.
name: Gardner, Richard L.
name: Adams, Stephen J.
name: Sears, David W.
name: Redman, John M.
name: Gardner, Richard L.
name: Adams, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: In recent years, States have played an increasingly important role in economic development activities. Many States have focused special attention on the rural portion of the economy. Salient reasons for such a rural focus include these: to improve the efficiency of the State's economy, to make full use of fixed investments, to improve rural-urban equity, to preserve a rural "way of life, " and to respond effectively to the population density differences between rural and urban places.