cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized Augmented Cellular Alternating Links in Thickened Surfaces are Hyperbolic
Creators: name: Adams, Colin
name: Capovilla-Searle, Michele
name: Li, Darin
name: Li, Qiao
name: McErlean, Jacob
name: Simons, Alexander
name: Stewart, Natalie
name: Wang, Xiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K32, 57K10

description: Menasco proved that nontrivial links in the 3-sphere with connected prime alternating non-2-braid projections are hyperbolic. This was further extended to augmented alternating links wherein non-isotopic trivial components bounding disks punctured twice by the alternating link were added. Lackenby proved that the first and second collections of links together form a closed subset of the set of all finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds in the geometric topology. Adams showed hyperbolicity for generalized augmented alternating links, which include additional trivial components that bound n-punctured disks for $n \geq 2$. Here we prove that generalized augmented cellular alternating links in I-bundles over closed surfaces are also hyperbolic and that in $S \times I$, the cellular alternating links and the augmented cellular alternating together form a closed subset of finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds in the geometric topology. Explicit examples of additional links in $S \times I$ to which these results apply are included.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
The impact of the Herbig Haro object HH2 on local dust and gas
Creators: name: Dent, W. R. F.
name: Furuya, R. S.
name: Davis, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a study of molecular gas and dust in the vicinity of the Herbig Haro object HH2. Emission from the sub-mm continuum, 12CO and HCO+ was mapped with angular resolutions ranging from 14 arcsec to 5 arcsec (or 0.01pc at the distance of HH2). The continuum shows an extended dust clump of mass 3.8Msun and temperature 22K, located downstream of the bright optical HH knots. However, a compact emission peak lies within ~0.01pc of the low-excitation H2-prominent shocks, with a luminosity consistent with local heating by the outflow. The HCO+ emission shows two velocity components: firstly, ambient-velocity gas lying in a region roughly corresponding to the dust clump, with abundance enhanced by a factor of a few close to the H2-prominent knots. Secondly a component of high-velocity emission (20 km/s linewidth), found mainly in a collimated jet linking the low-excitation HH objects. In this high-velocity jet, the line wings show an abundance ratio HCO+/CO proportional to v^2, with an HCO+ enhancement compared with ambient gas of up to 10^3 at the most extreme velocities. Such high abundances are consistent with models of shock chemistry in turbulent mixing layers at the interaction boundaries of jets. Extrapolating this effect to low velocities suggests that the more modest HCO+ enhancement in the clump gas could be caused by low velocity shocks. A UV precursor may not, therefore be necessary to explain the elevated HCO+ abundance in this gas.
description: 8 pages. 9 figures. To be published in MNRAS
Spotlight on OER policy in the Global South: Case studies from the Research on Open Educational Resources for Development (ROER4D) project
Creators: name: Research On Open Educational Resources For Development (ROER4D) Project
Publisher: name: University of Cape Town
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education

description: To understand how policies enable or constrain educators’ adoption of Open Educational Resources (OER) in South America, Sub-Saharan Africa and South and Southeast Asia, the Research on Open Educational Resources for Development (ROER4D) project undertook a meta-synthesis of seven ROER4D studies conducted in four countries – Colombia, South Africa, Afghanistan and Mongolia – to illustrate the varied influence that policy has on OER adoption in these diverse national contexts.
This document - Spotlight on OER policy in the Global South - was prepared for the 2nd World OER Congress, held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, 18-20 September 2017.
Adiabatic stabilization of excitons in intense terahertz laser
Creators: name: Liu, Ren-Bao
name: Zhu, Bang-Fen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-precise calculation of near-infrared absorption and transient spectra in bulk semiconductors irradiated by an intense terahertz (THz) laser shows that, the ionization rate of the ground-state exciton, probed through the dynamic Fano resonance, may decrease with the increase of the THz laser intensity. This counterintuitive effect indicates the excitons are stabilized against the field-ionization. The much lower Rydberg energy and ``atomic unit'' of laser intensity for excitons, and the possibility of creating excitons from the ``vacuum state'' allow observing the excitonic stabilization in experiments, in contrast to the case of atomic stabilization.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures
Adoption of intercropping among smallholder rubber farmers in Xishuangbanna, China
Creators: name: Min, Shi
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Bai, Junfei
name: Waibel, Hermann
name: Min, Shi
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Bai, Junfei
name: Waibel, Hermann
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Rubber plantations have been expanding rapidly in Mekong Region including Southern China. OFten this was accompanied by negative effects for ecoystems. Intercropping in rubber plantation is suggested as a means of reducing environmental and economic risks. Based onc ross section data of some 600 rubber farmers in Xishuangbanna, we develop four empirical models to analyze adoption of intercropping at farm and at plot level. Results suggest intercropping is an important source of income for the household in the lower income category. However, only a small proportion of rubber farmers have adopted intercropping, with tea being the most frequently adopted intercrop. Major factors of adoption are ethnicity, altitude and household wealth. At plot level the nature of land and the age of rubber trees are major factors. The findings provide important information for agricultural extension services who want to promote complementary income sources in the context of recently falling rubber prices.
Rhinobatos formosensis Norman 1926
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Rhinopristiformes
Rhinobatidae
Rhinobatos
Rhinobatos formosensis

description: 32. Rhinobatos formosensis Norman, 1926:958, fig. in text
Syntype: BMNH 1862.12.6.69–70 (2, 625–630 TL), Formosa, coll. R. Swinhoe.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 20
Multiclass classification of dephasing channels
Creators: name: Palmieri, Adriano M.
name: Bianchi, Federico
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
name: Benedetti, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the use of neural networks (NNs) in classifying the environmental parameters of single-qubit dephasing channels. In particular, we investigate the performance of linear perceptrons and of two non-linear NN architectures. At variance with time-series-based approaches, our goal is to learn a discretized probability distribution over the parameters using tomographic data at just two random instants of time. We consider dephasing channels originating either from classical 1/fα noise or from the interaction with a bath of quantum oscillators. The parameters to be classified are the color α of the classical noise or the Ohmicity parameter s of the quantum environment. In both cases, we found that NNs are able to exactly classify parameters into 16 classes using noiseless data (a linear NN is enough for the color, whereas a single-layer NN is needed for the Ohmicity). In the presence of noisy data (e.g. coming from noisy tomographic measurements), the network is able to classify the color of the 1/fα noise into 16 classes with about 70% accuracy, whereas classification of Ohmicity turns out to be challenging. We also consider a more coarse-grained task, and train the network to discriminate between two macro-classes corresponding to α \lessgtr 1 and s \lessgtr 1, obtaining up to 96% and 79% accuracy using single-layer NNs.
Additional file 1 of Is nesting in closed nestboxes advantageous for the European Robin (Erithacus rubecula)?
Creators: name: Juškaitis, Rimvydas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Signs of dormice (Gliridae) activity inside of bird nestboxes in Lithuania (changed after Ulevičius and Juškaitis 2005).
Topological and non-topological solutions in the 3-phase model of hybrid chiral bag
Creators: name: Sveshnikov, K.
name: Malakhov, Il.
name: Khalili, M.
name: Fedorov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3-phase version of the hybrid chiral bag model, containing the phase of asymptotic freedom, the hadronization phase as well as the intermediate phase of constituent quarks, is proposed. For this model the self-consistent solutions, which take into account the fermion vacuum polarization effects, are found in 1+1 D. The renormalized total energy of the bag is studied as a function of its geometry and topological (baryon) number. It is shown that in the case of non-zero topological charge there exists a set of configurations being the local minima of the total energy of the bag and containing all the three phases, while in the non-topological case the minimum of the total energy of the bag corresponds to vanishing size of the phase of asymptotic freedom.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Urban shopping patterns in Indonesia and their implications for small farmers
Creators: name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Stringer, Randy
name: Umberger, Wendy J.
name: Wahida
name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Stringer, Randy
name: Umberger, Wendy J.
name: Wahida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: supermarkets
subject: horticulture
subject: urban consumption
subject: Indonesia

description: The rapid growth of supermarkets in developing countries has raised concern that small farmers may be squeezed out of urban markets by the quality standards and other requirements of supermarkets. This study explores these issues using data from a stratified random survey of 1180 urban households in Indonesia. The results suggest that 73% of urban households use modern food retailers, but these retailers account for just 19% of food expenditure. Econometric analysis indicates that the use of modern food retailers is associated with higher income, higher education, and ownership of a refrigerator and motorbike. The impact of supermarkets on fresh vegetable growers is likely to be minimal because 98% of urban vegetables are still purchased at traditional retailers. Projections based on the current relationship between income and shopping patterns suggests that traditional retailers will continue to play an important role in fresh produce marketing for the foreseeable future.
Large- and Medium-Scale Anisotropies in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays observed with KASCADE-Grande
Creators: name: Ahlers, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays observed by the KASCADE-Grande air shower experiment. The analysis is based on public data of about 23.7 million events with reconstructed primary energies above 1 PeV. We apply a novel maximum-likelihood reconstruction method for the cosmic ray anisotropy, that compensates for spurious anisotropies induced by local detector effects. We find no evidence for a large-scale dipole anisotropy in the data, consistent with official results based on the conventional East-West derivative method. On the other hand, a subset of cosmic rays with median energy of 33 PeV shows strong evidence for a medium-scale feature with an angular diameter of 40 degrees. After accounting for the look-elsewhere effect, the post-trial significance of this medium-scale feature is at the level of 4$σ$.
description: version published in Astrophys.J. 886 (2019) no.1, L18
On Some Properties of Irrational Subspaces
Creators: name: Neckrasov, Vasiliy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J13

description: In this paper we discuss some properties of completely irrational subspaces. We prove that there exist completely irrational subspaces that are badly approximable and, moreover, sets of such subspaces are winning in different senses. We get some bounds for Diophantine exponents of vectors that lie in badly approximable subspaces that are completely irrational; in particular, for any vector $ξ$ from two-dimensional badly approximable completely irrational subspace of $\mathbb{R}^d$ one has $\hatω(ξ) \leq \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{2}$. Besides that, some statements about the dimension of subspaces generated by best approximations to completely irrational subspace easily follow from properties that we discuss.
description: 14 pages
Feeding Africa's cities: The case of the Supply Chain of Teff to Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Minten, Bart J.
name: Legesse, Ermias
name: Beyene, Seneshaw
name: Werako, Tadesse
name: Minten, Bart J.
name: Legesse, Ermias
name: Beyene, Seneshaw
name: Werako, Tadesse
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: teff
subject: value chains
subject: Ethiopia

description: Urbanization is quickly increasing in Africa, raising important questions on how food value chains to cities function and what the implications of urban growth are for the local food trade and farm sector. We study the rural–urban value chain of teff in Ethiopia, by value its most important staple value chain. Relying on unique large-scale surveys at different levels in this value chain, we find— in contrast to conventional wisdom—that value chains are relatively short and that average farmers obtain a high share, of about 80 percent, of the final consumer price in the major terminal market, Addis Ababa. We further find that producer prices decline in line with transportation costs the further farmers live from the city, that seasonal price movements are rather small, and that average stock release by farmers is smooth over the year.
Long-term spectroscopic monitoring of the Luminous Blue Variable HD160529
Creators: name: Stahl, Otmar
name: Gaeng, Thomas
name: Sterken, Chris
name: Kaufer, Andreas
name: Rivinius, Thomas
name: Szeifert, Thomas
name: Wolf, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have spectroscopically monitored the galactic Luminous Blue Variable HD 160529 and obtained an extensive high-resolution data set that covers the years 1991 to 2002. During this period, the star evolved from an extended photometric minimum phase towards a new visual maximum. In several observing seasons, we covered up to four months with almost daily spectra. Our spectra typically cover most of the visual spectral range with a high spectral resolution (about 20,000 or more). This allows us to investigate the variability in many lines and on many time scales from days to years. We find a correlation between the photospheric HeI lines and the brightness of the star, both on a time scale of months and on a time scale of years. The short-term variations are smaller and do not follow the long-term trend, strongly suggesting different physical mechanisms. Metal lines also show both short-term and long-term variations in strength and also a long-term trend in radial velocity. Most of the line-profile variations can be attributed to changing strengths of lines. Propagating features in the line profiles are rarely observed. We find that the mass-loss rate of HD 160529 is almost independent of temperature, i.e. visual brightness.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gymnothorax neglectus Tanaka 1911
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Muraenidae
Gymnothorax
Gymnothorax neglectus

description: 45. Gymnothorax neglectus Tanaka, 1911:28, pl. 7, fig. 24
Holotype: ZUMT 2165 (390 TL), Keelung, Taihoku [Taipei], Formosa [N Taiwan], coll. M. Oshima.
 Remark. The holotype was apparently lost (Kazuo Sakamoto, pers. comm., 24 Oct. 2007).
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 21
Interplay between scales in the nonlocal FKPP equation
Creators: name: Piva, G. G.
name: Colombo, E. H.
name: Anteneodo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generalization of the FKPP equation for the evolution of the spatial density of a single-species population where all the terms are nonlocal. That is, the spatial extension of each process (growth, competition and diffusion) is ruled by an influence function, with a characteristic shape and range of action. Our purpose is to investigate the interference between these different components in pattern formation. We show that, while competition is the leading process behind patterns, the other two can act either constructively or destructively. For instance, diffusion that is commonly known to smooth out the concentration field can actually favor pattern formation depending on the shape and range of the dispersal kernel. The results are supported by analytical calculations accompanied by numerical simulations.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Proton decay at 1-loop
Creators: name: Helo, Juan Carlos
name: Hirsch, Martin
name: Ota, Toshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton decay is usually discussed in the context of grand unified theories. However, as is well-known, in the standard model effective theory proton decay appears in the form of higher dimensional non-renormalizable operators. Here, we study systematically the 1-loop decomposition of the $d=6$ $B+L$ violating operators. We exhaustively list the possible 1-loop ultra-violet completions of these operators and discuss that, in general, two distinct classes of models appear. Models in the first class need an additional symmetry in order to avoid tree-level proton decay. These models necessarily contain a neutral particle, which could act as a dark matter candidate. For models in the second class the loop contribution dominates automatically over the tree-level proton decay, without the need for additional symmetries. We also discuss possible phenomenology of two example models, one from each class, and their possible connections to neutrino masses, LHC searches and dark matter.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Quantum probes for the characterization of nonlinear media
Creators: name: Candeloro, Alessandro
name: Razavian, Sholeh
name: Piccolini, Matteo
name: Teklu, Berihu
name: Olivares, Stefano
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active optical media leading to interaction Hamiltonians of the form $ H = \tildeλ\, (a + a^{\dagger})^ζ$ represent a crucial resource for quantum optical technology. In this paper, we address the characterization of those nonlinear media using quantum probes, as opposed to semiclassical ones. In particular, we investigate how squeezed probes may improve individual and joint estimation of the nonlinear coupling $\tildeλ$ and of the nonlinearity order $ζ$. Upon using tools from quantum estimation, we show that: i) the two parameters are compatible, i.e. the may be jointly estimated without additional quantum noise; ii) the use of squeezed probes improves precision at fixed overall energy of the probe; iii) for low energy probes, squeezed vacuum represent the most convenient choice, whereas for increasing energy an optimal squeezing fraction may be determined; iv) using optimized quantum probes, the scaling of the corresponding precision with energy improves, both for individual and joint estimation of the two parameters, compared to semiclassical coherent probes. We conclude that quantum probes represent a resource to enhance precision in the characterization of nonlinear media, and foresee potential applications with current technology.
ROER4D Sub-Project 1 - Chile OER review
Creators: name: Eguren, Mariana
Publisher: name: University of Cape Town
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education

description: The ROER4D project endeavours to cover at least three regions in the Global South, namely, South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South and South East Asia. However, background information on OER projects, policies and research and information on infrastructural, legal, socio-cultural and/or economic factors that might influence the adoption of OER in post-secondary education in these regions is incomplete despite the work of current projects. The project will provide background information on infrastructural, legal, socio-cultural and/or economic factors that might influence the adoption of OER in post-secondary education for the researchers involved in the ROER4D sub-projects and the final ROER4D meta-analysis. This desktop review aims to provide an overview of OER projects, policies and research in Chile as of the period 2013-2014.
Microscopic Models for Long Ranged Volatility Correlations
Creators: name: Giardina, Irene
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Mézard, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose a general interpretation for long-range correlation effects in the activity and volatility of financial markets. This interpretation is based on the fact that the choice between `active' and `inactive' strategies is subordinated to random-walk like processes. We numerically demonstrate our scenario in the framework of simplified market models, such as the Minority Game model with an inactive strategy, or a more sophisticated version that includes some price dynamics. We show that real market data can be surprisingly well accounted for by these simple models.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Application of Physics to Economic Modelling ", Praga (8-10 February 2001). To be published in Physica A
New superconducting phases in field-induced organic superconductor lambda-(BETS)2FeCl4
Creators: name: Houzet, M.
name: Buzdin, A.
name: Bulaevskii, L.
name: Maley, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the parallel upper critical field, Hc2, as a function of the temperature T in quasi-2D organic compound lambda-(BETS)2FeCl4, accounting for the formation of the nonuniform LOFF state. To further check the 2D LOFF model we propose to study the Hc2(T) curve at low T in tilted fields, where the vortex state is described by the high Landau level functions characterized by the index n. We predict a cascade of first order transitions between vortex phases with different n, between phases with different types of the symmetry at given n and the change of the superconducting transition from the second order to the first order as FeCl4 ions are replaced partly by GaCl4 ions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in PRL
“Revisiting urban planning in Latin America and the Caribbean.”
Creators: name: Irazabal, Clara
Publisher: name: Columbia Academic Commons
Year: 2009

description: This regional study reviews urban planning conditions and trends in Latin America and the Caribbean. It is one of eight regional studies that will serve as inputs into the various chapters of the 2009 Global Report on Human Settlements. The report is organized into nine chapters. Chapter 1 identifies recent fundamental challenges faced by urban areas in the region. Chapter 2 describes the varying nature of the urban context within which planning takes place, with emphasis on the socio-spatial issues which are of concern to urban planning. Chapter 3 reviews the emergence of contemporary or modern urban planning. A discussion of the nature of the institutional and regulatory framework for urban planning is then provided in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 examines the extent to which the planning process is inclusive of relevant stakeholders and communities (participatory/collaborative planning). Chapter 6 considers the role of urban planning in promoting sustainable urban development. An assessment of planning responses to informality in cities including the emergence of related processes (peri-urbanization, urban sprawl, metropolitanization and rural densification) is undertaken in Chapter 7. In Chapter 8, the effects of infrastructure provision on the spatial structure of cities and the implications for planning are reviewed. Chapter 9 discusses the extent to which monitoring and evaluation of urban plans is an integral part of planning processes. Lastly, the final Chapter focuses on the trends in planning education within the region.
Additional file 1 of Insufficient tuberculosis treatment leads to earlier and higher mortality in individuals co-infected with HIV in southern China: a cohort study
Creators: name: Zheng, Zhigang
name: Nehl, Eric J.
name: Zhou, Chongxing
name: Li, Jianjun
name: Xie, Zhouhua
name: Zhou, Zijun
name: Liang, Hao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Supplemental Fig. 1. Box plot with mean person year (white rhombus in charts), median person years (black line in charts) of followed-up among HIV/MTB coinfection patients treated with tuberculosis cure (TBC) (n = 680), tuberculosis complete regimen (TBCR) (n = 1289), and tuberculosis treatment failure, patients missing, adverse events (TBFMA) (n = 382) in Southern China. Supplemental Fig. 2. Mortality trend for percentage at the end of TB treatment (6 months), post-treatment year 1 (12 M), post-treatment year 2 (24 M), post-treatment year 3 (36 M), post-treatment year 4 (48 M), and post-treatment year 5 (60 M) among HIV/MTB coinfection patients treated with tuberculosis cure (TBC) (n = 680), tuberculosis complete regimen (TBCR) (n = 1289), and tuberculosis treatment failure, patients missing, adverse events (TBFMA) (n = 382) in Southern China.
Hydrodynamic limit of an exclusion process with vorticity
Creators: name: De Carlo, Leonardo
name: Gabrielli, Davide
name: Gonçalves, Patrícia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a non reversible exclusion process with Bernoulli product invariant measure and having, in the diffusive hydrodynamic scaling, a non symmetric diffusion matrix, that can be explicitly computed. The antisymmetric part does not affect the evolution of the density but it is relevant for the evolution of the current. Switching on a weak external field we obtain a symmetric mobility matrix that is related just to the symmetric part of the diffusion matrix by an Einstein relation. We argue that this fact is typical within a class of generalized gradient models. We consider for simplicity the model in dimension $d=2$, but a similar behavior can be also obtained in higher dimensions.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures; minor revision
How ISO C became unusable for operating systems development
Creators: name: Yodaiken, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4; D.3
subject: d.4, d.3

description: The C programming language was developed in the 1970s as a fairly unconventional systems and operating systems development tool, but has, through the course of the ISO Standards process, added many attributes of more conventional programming languages and become less suitable for operating systems development. Operating system programming continues to be done in non-ISO dialects of C. The differences provide a glimpse of operating system requirements for programming languages.
description: PLOS '21: Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Programming Languages and Operating Systems October 2021
Matrix element effects in angle-resolved photoemission from Bi2212: Energy and polarization dependencies, final state spectrum, spectral signatures of specific transitions and related issues
Creators: name: Lindroos, M.
name: Sahrakorpi, S.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out extensive simulations of the angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) intensity in Bi2212 within the one-step and three-step type models using a first-principles band theory framework. The focus is on understanding the behavior of emissions from the antibonding and bonding bands arising from the $CuO_2$ bilayers around the $\overline{M}(π,0)$ symmetry point. The specific issues addressed include: Dependencies of the photointensity on the energy and polarization of the incident light; character of the initial and final states involved as well as the spectrum of the relevant final states; and, changes in the spectral intensity as a function of the perpendicular component, $k_\perp$, of the momentum of the photoelectron. Considerable insight into the nature of individual transitions is adduced by examining the momentum matrix element for bulk transitions within the solid and by further decomposing this matrix element into contributions from various atomic sites and angular momentum channels. These results indicate that, via remarkable interference effects, the ARPES matrix element can in particular cases help zoom in on the properties of electrons excited from specific sites and/or angular momentum channels even in a complex material.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRB
Gymnothorax prolatus Sasaki and Amaoka 1991
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Muraenidae
Gymnothorax
Gymnothorax prolatus

description: 48. Gymnothorax prolatus Sasaki and Amaoka, 1991:7, figs. 1–3
Holotype: HUMZ 107775 (gravid female, 370.5 TL), Suao fish market, east coast of northern Taiwan, bottom trawl, 9 Apr. 1986, coll. K. Nishida.
 Remark. Although Chen et al. (1994) mentioned this might be a junior synonym of Strophidon sathete, Böhlke (1997) recognized it as valid.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 22
Torsion Constraints in the Randall--Sundrum Scenario
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Torsion appears due to fermions coupled to gravity and leads to the strongest particle physics bounds on flat extra dimensions. In this work, we consider torsion constraints in the case of a warped extra dimension with brane and bulk fermions. From current data we obtain a 3-sigma bound on the TeV--brane mass scale scale Λ_π> 2.2 (10) TeV for the AdS curvature k=1 (0.01) in (reduced) Planck units. If Dirac or light sterile neutrinos reside on the brane, the bound increases to 17 (78) TeV.
description: typos corrected, matches the Phys. Rev. D version
Effects of weather shocks on wheat prices in Central Asia
Creators: name: Mirzabaev, Alisher
name: Tsegai, Daniel
name: Mirzabaev, Alisher
name: Tsegai, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: weather and price shocks
subject: Central Asia

description: Higher weather volatility may be reflected in higher incidences of weather shocks. Weather shocks could potentially affect the supply of agricultural commodities and their prices. In this study, the effects of weather shocks on agricultural commodity prices in Central Asia are investigated at the provincial scale using monthly data for the period of 2000-2010. The study uses an estimation method, where the idiosyncratic components of the variables are analyzed using Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) panel regression in the presence of cross-sectional dependence and serial autocorrelation. The analysis indicates that weather volatility and, especially, the fluctuations in the availability of irrigation water have statistically significant effects on wheat prices in Central Asia. Weather shocks, involving lower than usual temperatures and precipitation amounts, could create favorable conditions for higher wheat prices in the region.
Topological order versus many-body localization in periodically modulated spin chains
Creators: name: Orito, Takahiro
name: Kuno, Yoshihito
name: Ichinose, Ikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study periodically modulated $s=1/2$ spin chain in a linear gradient potential (LP) that is generated by an external magnetic field. In the absence of the LP, the system has topological states that exhibit a magnetization plateau for a uniform external magnetic field. These topological states have a finite integer Chern number and their stability is clarified by an equivalent spinless fermion system derived by a Jordan-Wigner transformation. We show that the LP, which is nothing but a constant electric field in the spinless fermion system, destabilizes the topological states, because it induces localization called Wannier-Stark (WS) localization. We clarify the phase diagram in the presence of the LP and on-site diagonal disorder. To this end, we carefully study edge excitations under the open boundary condition, which are a hallmark of the topological order. We find a very interesting phenomenon indicating existence of a quasi-edge modes that take the place of the genuine edge modes in certain parameter regions. This is a precursor of the WS localization realized in topological states. Finally, we investigate many-body localization induced by a sufficiently strong LP or disorder. To this end, we study the energy-level statistics for whole energy levels, and find unexpected extended-state regimes located in intermediate potential-gradient and weak on-site disorder regimes. We verify this phenomenon by calculating variance of the entanglement entropy. The present system is closely related to quantum Hall state in two dimensions, and therefore our findings can be observed not only in experiments on ultra-cold atomic gases but also quantum Hall physics.
description: 15 pages. Version to appear in Phys.Rev.B
Every time I fire a conversational designer, the performance of the dialog system goes down
Creators: name: Xompero, Giancarlo A.
name: Mastromattei, Michele
name: Salman, Samir
name: Giannone, Cristina
name: Favalli, Andrea
name: Romagnoli, Raniero
name: Zanzotto, Fabio Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incorporating explicit domain knowledge into neural-based task-oriented dialogue systems is an effective way to reduce the need of large sets of annotated dialogues. In this paper, we investigate how the use of explicit domain knowledge of conversational designers affects the performance of neural-based dialogue systems. To support this investigation, we propose the Conversational-Logic-Injection-in-Neural-Network system (CLINN) where explicit knowledge is coded in semi-logical rules. By using CLINN, we evaluated semi-logical rules produced by a team of differently skilled conversational designers. We experimented with the Restaurant topic of the MultiWOZ dataset. Results show that external knowledge is extremely important for reducing the need of annotated examples for conversational systems. In fact, rules from conversational designers used in CLINN significantly outperform a state-of-the-art neural-based dialogue system.
Major mergers are not the dominant trigger for high-accretion AGNs at z = 2
Creators: name: Marian, V.
name: Jahnke, K.
name: Mechtley, M.
name: Cohen, S.
name: Husemann, B.
name: Jones, V.
name: Koekemoer, A.
name: Schulze, A.
name: van der Wel, A.
name: Villforth, C.
name: Windhorst, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research over the past decade has shown diminishing empirical evidence for major galaxy mergers being a dominating or even important mechanism for the growth of supermassive black holes in galaxies and the triggering of optically or X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN). We here for the first time test whether such a connection exists at least in the most plausible part of parameter space for this mechanism: the highest specific accretion rate broad-line AGNs at the peak epoch of black hole activity around z = 2. To that end we examine 21 galaxies hosting a high accreting black hole (L/Ledd > 0.7) observed with HST/WFC3 and 92 stellar mass- and redshift- matched inactive galaxies taken from the CANDELS survey. We removed the AGN point sources from their host galaxies and avoided bias in visual classification by adding and then subtracting mock point sources to and from the comparison galaxies, producing matched residual structures for both sets. The resulting samples were joined, randomized, and subsequently visually ranked with respect to perceived strength of structural distortions by 10 experts. The ensuing individual rankings were combined into a consensus sequence and from this we derived merger fractions for both samples. With the merger fractions f$_{m,agn}$ = 0.24 $\pm$ 0.09 for the AGN host galaxy sample and f$_{m,ina}$ = 0.19 $\pm$ 0.04 for the inactive galaxies, we find no significant difference between the AGN host galaxies and inactive galaxies. Also, both samples display comparable fractions of disk-dominated galaxies. These findings are consistent with previous studies for different AGN populations, and we conclude that even black hole growth at the highest specific accretion rates and at the peak of cosmic AGN activity is not predominantly caused by major mergers. (abriged)
description: 24 pages in total (7 pages Appendix), 7 figures (2 in Appendix), submitted to ApJ
Mobile phones based agro-advisories role in gender empowerment
Creators: name: Mittal, Surabhi
name: Mittal, Surabhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: India
subject: mobile phones
subject: information
subject: gender empowerment

description: Mobile phone-enabled information delivery mechanism has the potential to reduce the knowledge gap between large and small farmers, and also across gender by creating awareness. This paper focuses on how women are receptive to the information that they receive through mobile phones, how the access to information through the mobile phone has helped them to feel empowered? What kind of information they value? And what potentially it means for their empowerment? This is done by analyzing listening behavior of farmers both men and women towards information provided through mobile phones. The study is undertaken in selected villages of two states of India Haryana and Bihar and thus also present some contrasting results across the two states. Female farmers feel that the agro advisories have helped them to increase their knowledge about farming practices which includes information about modern technologies and best practices.
Nature of the Spin-glass State in the Three-dimensional Gauge Glass
Creators: name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
name: Young, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from simulations of the gauge glass model in three dimensions using the parallel tempering Monte Carlo technique. Critical fluctuations should not affect the data since we equilibrate down to low temperatures, for moderate sizes. Our results are qualitatively consistent with earlier work on the three and four dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass. We find that large scale excitations cost only a finite amount of energy in the thermodynamic limit, and that those excitations have a surface whose fractal dimension is less than the space dimension, consistent with a scenario proposed by Krzakala and Martin, and Palassini and Young.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Multi-parameter quantum metrology with discrete-time quantum walks
Creators: name: Annabestani, Mostafa
name: Hassani, Majid
name: Tamascelli, Dario
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address multi-parameter quantum estimation for one-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks and its applications to quantum metrology. We use the quantum walker as a probe for unknown parameters encoded on its coin degrees of freedom. We find an analytic expression of the quantum Fisher information matrix for the most general coin operator, and show that only two out of the three coin parameters can be accessed. We also prove that the resulting two-parameter coin model is asymptotically classical i.e. the Uhlmann curvature vanishes. Finally, we apply our findings to relevant case studies, including the simultaneous estimation of charge and mass in the discretized Dirac model.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Dysomma longirostrum Chen and Mok 2001
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Dysomma
Dysomma longirostrum

description: 52. Dysomma longirostrum Chen and Mok, 2001:79, figs.1A, 2
Holotype: NSYU 2732 (196 TL), Nanfangao fish market, northeastern coast of Taiwan, bottom trawl, 100–150 m, 12 Sep. 1992, coll. Y. –Y. Chen.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 22
Current and vortex statistics in microwave billiards
Creators: name: Barth, Michael
name: Stoeckmann, Hans-Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the one-to-one correspondence between the Poynting vector in a microwave billiard and the probability current density in the corresponding quantum system probability densities and currents were studied in a microwave billiard with a ferrite insert as well as in an open billiard. Distribution functions were obtained for probability densities, currents and vorticities. In addition the vortex pair correlation function could be extracted. For all studied quantities a complete agreement with the predictions from the random-superposition-of-plane-waves approach was obtained.
description: To be published in Phys.Rev.E
Cirricaecula macdowelli McCosker and Randall 1993
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Ophichthidae
Cirricaecula
Cirricaecula macdowelli

description: 57. Cirricaecula macdowelli McCosker and Randall, 1993:190, figs.1–2
Holotype: CAS 15599 (228 TL), Taiwan Strait, south of Taiwan Banks to P'enghu Ch'untao (Pascadores) Island, trawled in 30–50 m, 5 May 1972, coll. F. B. Steiner.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 23
Pressure driven magnetic order in Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$Co$_2$P$_2$
Creators: name: Forslund, Ola Kenji
name: Andreica, Daniel
name: Sassa, Yasmine
name: Imai, Masaki
name: Michioka, Chishiro
name: Yoshimura, Kazuyoshi
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Shermadini, Zurab
name: Khasanov, Rustem
name: Sugiyama, Jun
name: Månsson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic phase diagram of Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$Co$_2$P$_2$ as a function of hydrostatic pressure and temperature is investigated by means of high pressure muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance ($μ^+$SR). The weak pressure dependence for the $x\neq1$ compounds suggests that the rich phase diagram of Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$Co$_2$P$_2$ as a function of $x$ at ambient pressure may not only be attributed to solely chemical pressure effects. The $x=1$ compound on the other hand reveals a high pressure dependence, where the long range magnetic order is fully suppressed at $p_{\rm c2}\approx9.8$~kbar, which seem to be a first order transition. In addition, an intermediate phase consisting of dilute ferromagnetic islands (FMI) is formed above $p_{\rm c1}\approx8$~kbar where they co-exist with a magnetically disordered state. Moreover, such FMI phase seems to consist of an high- (FMI-\textcircled{\small{1}}) and low-temperature (FMI-\textcircled{\small{2}}) region, respectively, separated by a phase boundary at $T_{\rm i}\approx20$~K.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures