Echinops barezicus Montazer. & Mozaff. 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Montazerolghaem, Somayeh
name: Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza
name: Mozaffarian, Valiollah
name: Susanna, Alfonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Echinops
Echinops barezicus

description: Echinops barezicus Montazer. & Mozaff., sp. nov. (E. sect Oligolepis Bunge)   
 Type:— IRAN. Kerman: Bam to Jiroft, Mohammad Abad-e Maskun, 1100 m, 3 May 2000, Mozaffarian 79876 (TARI!).   
 Diagnosis: —Leaves lobate-dentate, setose-glandulose above, densely white-araneose marmorate on nerves. Heads cornigerous. Phyllaries glabrous, connate into a coriaceous pentagonal tube.   
 Description: —Plant perennial. Stem 70 cm high, branched, densely arachnoid-glandular in upper part, only short glandular in lower part. All leaves herbaceous-coriaceous, covered only with short stalked glandular hairs above, arachnoid-tomentose along midribs, marmorate; tomentose and woolly below. Lower cauline leaves lanceolate in outline, lobate-dentate, 18 cm long, 8 cm wide (with spines) with 5 pairs of triangular-lanceolate segments terminated to 1.5– 2 cm thick spines; upper cauline leaves similar to lower but smaller, 9 cm long, 6.5 cm wide (with spines). Heads 4–5 cm in diameter, heteromorphous, consisting of lower glabrous non-cornigerous and upper glabrous cornigerous capitula; receptacle 5 mm in diameter; involucre 8 mm long. Lower capitula 25 mm long; brush 13–14 mm long, many-rayed, whitish; phyllaries 14, totally glabrous, brown at base, blue towards tip, innermost five connate in a coriaceous pentagonal tube, brown in connate part and blue in upper free part; upper capitula 48 mm long (comprising horn), with 14 glabrous phyllaries, one of median phyllaries changed into a rigid horn 42 mm long, glabrous, blue at base, straw-coloured towards tip. Corolla blue. (Fig. 1)   
 Phenology: —Flowering in April and fruiting in May.   
 Ethymology: —The specific epithet refers to Barez Mountain in Kerman province of Iran where the type specimen was collected.   
 Taxonomical notes: —Three closely related taxa are E. gedrosiacus var. glaber Mozaffarian (2008a: 294), E. gedrosiacus var. gedrosiacus and E. glanduloso-punctatus Rechinger (1979: 24), from which the new species differs in some characters as listed in Table 2.   
 Distribution and habitat: —The new species is endemic to southeast of Iran (Fig. 2).   
 Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — IRAN. Kerman: ca. 25 km from Jiroft to Bam, 570 m, 3 May 2000, Mozaffarian 79879 (TARI!); Kerman: ca. 25 km from Jiroft to Bam, 570 m, 3 May 2000, Mozaffarian 79878 (TARI!); Baluchestan: Nikshahr, Hichan, ca. 800 m, 9 April 1998, Mozaffarian 77859 (TARI!); Baluchestan: ca. 40 km from Jakigur to Ghasreghand, ca. 250 m, 8 April 1998, Mozaffarian 77864 (TARI!); Baluchestan: Iranshahr to Chahbahar, around Sarbaz village, ca. 600 m, 5 May 1995, Mozaffarian 74380 (TARI!); Kerman: Bam to Jiroft, Mohammad Abad-e Maskun, 1100 m, 3 May 2000, Mozaffarian 79875 (TARI!).
description: Published as part of Montazerolghaem, Somayeh, Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza, Mozaffarian, Valiollah & Susanna, Alfonso, 2016, Taxonomic notes on the genus Echinops (Compositae, Cardueae-Echinopsinae) in Iran, pp. 81-97 in Phytotaxa 263 (2) on pages 83-85, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.263.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13666530