cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ruya: Memory-Aware Iterative Optimization of Cluster Configurations for Big Data Processing
Creators: name: Will, Jonathan
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Bader, Jonathan
name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; I.2.8; I.2.6

description: Selecting appropriate computational resources for data processing jobs on large clusters is difficult, even for expert users like data engineers. Inadequate choices can result in vastly increased costs, without significantly improving performance. One crucial aspect of selecting an efficient resource configuration is avoiding memory bottlenecks. By knowing the required memory of a job in advance, the search space for an optimal resource configuration can be greatly reduced. Therefore, we present Ruya, a method for memory-aware optimization of data processing cluster configurations based on iteratively exploring a narrowed-down search space. First, we perform job profiling runs with small samples of the dataset on just a single machine to model the job's memory usage patterns. Second, we prioritize cluster configurations with a suitable amount of total memory and within this reduced search space, we iteratively search for the best cluster configuration with Bayesian optimization. This search process stops once it converges on a configuration that is believed to be optimal for the given job. In our evaluation on a dataset with 1031 Spark and Hadoop jobs, we see a reduction of search iterations to find an optimal configuration by around half, compared to the baseline.
description: 9 pages, 5 Figures, 3 Tables; IEEE BigData 2022. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.13852
Wiedemann-Franz law in graphene
Creators: name: Tu, Yi-Ting
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a well-known experimental work [J. Crossno et al., Science 351, 1058 (2016)] which reported on the failure of the Wiedemann-Franz law in graphene at $T\sim 10$-$100\,\mathrm{K}$, attributing this failure to the non-Fermi liquid nature of the Dirac fluid associated with undoped intrinsic graphene. In spite of serious theoretical efforts, the reported observations remain unexplained. Our detailed quantitative analysis based on Fermi liquid considerations, which apply to extrinsic doped graphene, establishes that one possible explanation for the reported observations is the opening of a gap at the Dirac point, induced perhaps by the boron nitride substrate. We suggest that more experiments are necessary to resolve the issue, and we believe that the experiment may not actually have anything to do with Dirac fluid hydrodynamics, but relates to finite-temperature low-density bipolar diffusive transport by electrons and holes in the presence of short- and long-range disorder, and phonons.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Towards ultra metal-poor DLAs: linking the chemistry of the most metal-poor DLA to the first stars
Creators: name: Welsh, Louise
name: Cooke, Ryan
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Pettini, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Keck/HIRES data of the most metal-poor damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) system currently known. By targeting the strongest accessible Fe II features, we have improved the upper limit of the [Fe/H] abundance determination by ~1 dex, finding [Fe/H]<-3.66 (2 sigma). We also provide the first upper limit on the relative abundance of an odd-atomic number element for this system [Al/H]<-3.82 (2 sigma). Our analysis thus confirms that this z_abs=3.07 DLA is not only the most metal-poor DLA but also the most iron-poor DLA currently known. We use the chemistry of this DLA, combined with a stochastic chemical enrichment model, to probe its enrichment history. We find that this DLA is best modelled by the yields of an individual Population III progenitor rather than multiple Population III stars. We then draw comparisons with other relic environments and, particularly, the stars within nearby ultra-faint dwarf galaxies. We identify a star within Bootes I, with a similar chemistry to that of the DLA presented here, suggesting that it may have been born in a gas cloud that had similar properties. The extremely metal-poor DLA at redshift z_abs=3.07 (i.e. ~2 Gyrs after the Big Bang) may reside in one of the least polluted environments in the early Universe.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
(102899) Mabel Beatrice Peaty
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Novel curcumin analogs to overcome EGFR–TKI lung adenocarcinoma drug resistance and reduce EGFR–TKI-induced GI adverse effects
Creators: name: Lin, Li
name: Hung, Hsin Yi
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Wada, Koji
name: Shi, Qian
name: Chen, Hui Wen
name: Kuo, Sheng Chu
name: Yang, Pan Chyr
name: Lee, Jen Yi
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Zhao, Yu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Curcumin () down-regulates the expression as well as phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung adenocarcinoma cells expressing gefitinib-resistant EGFR. Thirty-seven newly synthesized curcumin analogues including dimethoxycurcumin (, DMC) were evaluated for their effects on EGFR expression as well as phosphorylation in two gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, CL1-5 (EGFR) and H1975 (EGFR). Based on the identified structure–activity relationships, methoxy substitution at C-3′, C-4′, or both positions favored inhibitory activity (compounds , , , –, , ), while compounds with more polar substituents were generally less active in both cell lines. Compound with a fluorine substituent at C-6′ and its protonated counterpart did not lose activity, suggesting halogen tolerance. In addition, a conjugated linker was essential for activity. Among all evaluated curcumin derivatives, compound showed the best inhibitory effects on both wild-type and mutant EGFR by efficiently inducing gefitinib-insensitive EGFR degradation. Compound also reduced gefitinib-induced gastrointestinal damage in the non-transformed intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-18.
Second-order Lovelock Gravity from Entanglement in Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Fan, Cunwei
name: La Nave, Gabriele
name: Phillips, Philip W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic entanglement entropy and the first law of thermodynamics are believed to decode the gravity theory in the bulk. In particular, assuming the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT)\cite{ryu-takayanagi} formula holds for ball-shaped regions on the boundary around CFT vacuum states implies\cite{Nonlinear-Faulkner} a bulk gravity theory equivalent to Einstein gravity through second-order perturbations. In this paper, we show that the same assumptions can also give rise to second-order Lovelock gravity. Specifically, we generalize the procedure in \cite{Nonlinear-Faulkner} to show that the arguments there also hold for Lovelock gravity by proving through second-order perturbation theory, the entropy calculated using the Wald formula\cite{Wald_noether} in Lovelock also obeys an area law (at least up to second order). Since the equations for second-order perturbations of Lovelock gravity are different in general from the second-order perturbation of the Einstein-Hilbert action, our work shows that the holographic area law cannot determine a unique bulk theory even for second-order perturbations assuming only RT on ball-shaped regions. It is anticipated that RT on all subregions is expected to encode the full non-linear Einstein equations on asymptotically AdS spacetimes.
description: extensive revision on second-order calculation, appendix added
(102898) Harold Charles Moulton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Zwischen Wilhelmsaue und Lampertheim
Creators: name: Schuster, Jan
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 79 Nr. 1 (2001)
(102897) Catherine Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 6 of Ontogeny, species identity, and environment dominate microbiome dynamics in wild populations of kissing bugs (Triatominae)
Creators: name: Brown, Joel J.
name: Rodríguez-Ruano, Sonia M.
name: Anbu Poosakkannu
name: Batani, Giampiero
name: Schmidt, Justin O.
name: Roachell, Walter
name: Zima, Jan
name: Hypša, Václav
name: Nováková, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional File 6: Significant difference in beta dispersion of the instar range groups (L1-L3 and L4-L6) calculated from the ultraclean dataset.
Localization of Chern-Simons type invariants of Riemannian foliations
Creators: name: Goertsches, Oliver
name: Nozawa, Hiraku
name: Toeben, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N25, 57R30, 58J28, 53D35

description: We prove an Atiyah-Bott-Berline-Vergne type localization formula for Killing foliations in the context of equivariant basic cohomology. As an application, we localize some Chern-Simons type invariants, for example the volume of Sasakian manifolds and secondary characteristic classes of Riemannian foliations, to the union of closed leaves. Various examples are given to illustrate our method.
description: 36 pages
(102896) Matthew Searle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fundamentally Understanding and Solving RowHammer
Creators: name: Mutlu, Onur
name: Olgun, Ataberk
name: Yağlıkçı, A. Giray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide an overview of recent developments and future directions in the RowHammer vulnerability that plagues modern DRAM (Dynamic Random Memory Access) chips, which are used in almost all computing systems as main memory. RowHammer is the phenomenon in which repeatedly accessing a row in a real DRAM chip causes bitflips (i.e., data corruption) in physically nearby rows. This phenomenon leads to a serious and widespread system security vulnerability, as many works since the original RowHammer paper in 2014 have shown. Recent analysis of the RowHammer phenomenon reveals that the problem is getting much worse as DRAM technology scaling continues: newer DRAM chips are fundamentally more vulnerable to RowHammer at the device and circuit levels. Deeper analysis of RowHammer shows that there are many dimensions to the problem as the vulnerability is sensitive to many variables, including environmental conditions (temperature \& voltage), process variation, stored data patterns, as well as memory access patterns and memory control policies. As such, it has proven difficult to devise fully-secure and very efficient (i.e., low-overhead in performance, energy, area) protection mechanisms against RowHammer and attempts made by DRAM manufacturers have been shown to lack security guarantees. After reviewing various recent developments in exploiting, understanding, and mitigating RowHammer, we discuss future directions that we believe are critical for solving the RowHammer problem. We argue for two major directions to amplify research and development efforts in: 1) building a much deeper understanding of the problem and its many dimensions, in both cutting-edge DRAM chips and computing systems deployed in the field, and 2) the design and development of extremely efficient and fully-secure solutions via system-memory cooperation.
description: Invited paper to appear in ASPDAC 2023
Optimization of N-aryl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines as tubulin polymerization inhibitors
Creators: name: Qin, Bingjie
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Zhu, Dong Qing
name: Wang, Sheng Biao
name: Hsieh, Kan Yen
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Hamel, Ernest
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Cui, Mu Tian
name: Wang, Xiao Feng
name: Xie, Lan
name: Ohkoshi, Emika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Thirteen new -aryl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compounds (–, –, and –) were synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activity and drug-like properties. Compound exhibited high inhibitory potency with low nanomolar GI values of 16–20 nM in cellular assays, including excellent activity against the P-glycoprotein overexpressing cell line KBvin. Compound inhibited colchicine binding to tubulin and tubulin assembly with an IC value of 0.85 μM, superior to the reference compound CA4 (1.2 μM) in the same assay. In addition, also exhibited highly improved water solubility (75 μg/mL) and a suitable log value (3.43) at pH 7.4. With a good balance between antitumor potency and drug-like properties, compound could be a new potential drug candidate for further development. Current results on SAR studies and molecular modeling provided more insight about this class of compounds as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine site.
Terra Nigra-Fußschalen wie Chenet 342 oder Gellep 273: eine salisch-fränkische Keramikgattung
Creators: name: Erdrich, Michael
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 76 Nr. 2 (1998)
(102894) Richard Searle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Pathogenic Mechanisms and Molecular Features of a Novel UL2 Gene-Deficient Duck Enteritis Virus Endemic to China
Creators: name: Yin, Dan
name: Gao, Yuehua
name: Mingqing, Xu
name: wang, Jianhua
name: Song, Xiaofei
name: Li, Zhen
name: Peng, Jianyun
name: Kang, Min
name: Wei, Bai
name: Yu, Chengdong
name: Qian, Yingjuan
name: Jung, Yong-Sam
name: Hu, Feng
name: Lv, Junfeng
name: Qin, Zhuoming
name: Li, Yufeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 300914
subject: Veterinary virology

description: This dataset comprises the raw data presented in the manuscript, including the complete genome sequence of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) strain JS2024 and survival rate data from the DEV challenge experiments.
Max-convolution semigroups and extreme values in limit theorems for the free multiplicative convolution
Creators: name: Ueda, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L54, 46L53, 60E07, 60G70

description: We investigate relations between additive convolution semigroup and max-convolution semigroup through the law of large numbers for the free multiplicative convolution. Based on the relation, we give a formula related with Belinschi-Nica semigroup and max-Belinschi-Nica semigroup. Finally, we give several limit theorems for classical, free and Boolean extreme values.
description: 26 pages
Pathogenic Mechanisms and Molecular Features of a Novel UL2 Gene-Deficient Duck Enteritis Virus Endemic to China
Creators: name: Yin, Dan
name: Gao, Yuehua
name: Mingqing, Xu
name: wang, Jianhua
name: Song, Xiaofei
name: Li, Zhen
name: Peng, Jianyun
name: Kang, Min
name: Wei, Bai
name: Yu, Chengdong
name: Qian, Yingjuan
name: Jung, Yong-Sam
name: Hu, Feng
name: Lv, Junfeng
name: Qin, Zhuoming
name: Li, Yufeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 300914
subject: Veterinary virology

description: Complete genome sequence of duck enteritis virus strain JS2024.
title: Deindustrialisation on the margins: Remembering working lives and the long closure of Dover Mill
Creators: name: Cook, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: In June 2000, Buckland Paper Mill closed its doors after more than two centuries of papermaking in Dover, Kent. Buckland Mill represents an atypical case study of industrial work and factory closure that offers insight into the distinctiveness of twentieth-century industriaemployment and the continued significance of its decline. Located in the 'Garden of England,' far from the 'heartlands' of traditional industry, and closing relatively late in the UK's process of industrial decline, the mill is spatially and temporally removed from examples of factory closure generally presented in studies of deindustrialisation. The nature of the work and composition of the workforce are also marginal in existing research: papermaking jobs performed by men and women in roughly equal measure, albeit in the context of a rigid sexual division of labour. All of this allows for an exploration of how time and place inform processes of industrial work and closure, while inviting a sustained analysis of gender and women's work that has been largely missing from the literature to date. Oral history interviews with former mill workers are employed to tap into accounts of working life and industrial closure. Archival and documentary materials complement and complicate oral testimonies while providing additional texture to the narrative(s). The research sits within the oral history tradition of understanding memory not a repository of historical facts but as an active process of sensemaking shaped by conditions over time. In this thesis, I explore how a strong sense of stability and permanence at Dover Mill provided the foundation for an occupational community that blurred the distinction between work and non-work lives. I further explore everyday working lives at the mill to understand what it meant to work in a range of roles, arguing that the identities and meanings derived from mill work were thoroughly shaped by gender as well as degree of skill and autonomy. Finally, I explore the closure of Dover Mill, which I argue had its roots in a restructuring of the workplace from the 1980s that was met with little worker resistance, and which saw women most vulnerable to job loss.
On Brolin's theorem over the quaternions
Creators: name: Bisi, Cinzia
name: De Martino, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30G35, 37F10, 32H50, 37C40

description: In this paper we investigate the Brolin's theorem over $\mathbb{H}$, the skew field of quaternions. Moreover, considering a quaternionic polynomial $p$ with real coefficients, we focus on the properties of its equilibrium measure, among the others, the mixing property and the Lyapunov exponents of the measure. We prove a central limit theorem and we compute the topological entropy and measurable entropy with respect to the quaternionic equilibrium measure. We prove that they are equal considering both a quaternionic polynomial with real coefficients and a polynomial with coefficients in a slice but not all real. Brolin's theorems for the one slice preserving polynomials and for generic polynomials are also proved.
description: 27 pages. To appear on Indiana University Mathematics Journal (2021). We are really in debt to the anonymous referee for having read so carefully our paper, letting us to improve a lot its exposition
Preparation and biological evaluation of synthetic and polymer-encapsulated congeners of the antitumor agent pactamycin: Insight into functional group effects and biological activity
Creators: name: Malinowski, Justin T.
name: Sharpe, Robert J.
name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Luft, J. Christopher
name: Sorana, Federico
name: Desimone, Joseph M.
name: Bowerman, Charles J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The synthesis and biological analysis of a number of novel congeners of the aminocyclopentitol pactamycin is described. Specific attention was paid to the preparation of derivatives at crucial synthetic branch points of the parent structure, and biological assays revealed a number of insights into the source of pactamycin’s biological activity. Additionally, the encapsulation of pactamycin and select derivatives into the PRINT© nanoparticle technology was investigated as a proof-of-concept, and evidence of bioactivity modulation through nanoparticle delivery is demonstrated. This work has provided heretofore unrealized access to a large number of novel compounds for further evaluation.
Measurements of longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions for neutral pions in the forward-rapidity region with the LHCf detector
Creators: name: Adriani, O.
name: Berti, E.
name: Bonechi, L.
name: Bongi, M.
name: D'Alessandro, R.
name: Del Prete, M.
name: Haguenauer, M.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Kasahara, K.
name: Kawade, K.
name: Makino, Y.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Matsubayashi, E.
name: Menjo, H.
name: Mitsuka, G.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Papini, P.
name: Perrot, A. -L.
name: Ricciarini, S.
name: Sako, T.
name: Sakurai, N.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Tamura, T.
name: Tiberio, A.
name: Torii, S.
name: Tricomi, A.
name: Turner, W. C.
name: Zhou, Q. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential cross sections for inclusive neutral pions as a function of transverse and longitudinal momentum in the very forward rapidity region have been measured at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with the Large Hadron Collider forward detector (LHCf) in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 2.76 and 7 TeV and in proton-lead collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s_\text{NN}}=$ 5.02 TeV. Such differential cross sections in proton-proton collisions are compatible with the hypotheses of limiting fragmentation and Feynman scaling. Comparing proton-proton with proton-lead collisions, we find a sizable suppression of the production of neutral pions in the differential cross sections after subtraction of ultra-peripheral proton-lead collisions. This suppression corresponds to the nuclear modification factor value of about 0.1-0.3. The experimental measurements presented in this paper provide a benchmark for the hadronic interaction Monte Carlo simulation codes that are used for the simulation of cosmic ray air showers.
description: 47 pages, 23 figures, 59 tables, accepted in PRD
As a matter of dynamical range -- scale dependent energy dynamics in MHD turbulence
Creators: name: Grete, Philipp
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Beckwith, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetized turbulence is ubiquitous in many astrophysical and terrestrial plasmas but no universal theory exists. Even the detailed energy dynamics in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are still not well understood. We present a suite of subsonic, super-Alfvénic, high plasma-beta MHD turbulence simulations that only vary in their dynamical range, i.e., in their separation between the large-scale forcing and dissipation scales, and their dissipation mechanism (implicit large eddy simulation, ILES, versus and direct numerical simulation, DNS). Using an energy transfer analysis framework we calculate the effective, numerical viscosities and resistivities and demonstrate and that all ILES calculations of MHD turbulence are resolved and correspond to an equivalent visco-resistive MHD turbulence calculation. Increasing the number of grid points used in an ILES corresponds to lowering the dissipation coefficients, i.e., larger (kinetic and magnetic) Reynolds numbers for a constant forcing scale. Independently, we use this same framework to demonstrate that -- contrary to hydrodynamic turbulence -- the cross-scale energy fluxes are not constant in MHD turbulence. This applies both to different mediators (such as cascade processes or magnetic tension) for a given dynamical range as well as to a dependence on the dynamical range itself, which determines the physical properties of the flow. We do not observe any indication of convergence even at the highest resolution (largest Reynolds numbers) simulation at $2{,}048^3$ cells, calling into question whether an asymptotic regime in MHD turbulence exists, and, if so, what it looks like.
description: under review, comments welcome
Reconciling Shannon and Scott with a Lattice of Computable Information
Creators: name: Hunt, Sebastian
name: Sands, David
name: Stucki, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a reconciliation of two different theories of information. The first, originally proposed in a lesser-known work by Claude Shannon, describes how the information content of channels can be described qualitatively, but still abstractly, in terms of information elements, i.e. equivalence relations over the data source domain. Shannon showed that these elements form a complete lattice, with the order expressing when one element is more informative than another. In the context of security and information flow this structure has been independently rediscovered several times, and used as a foundation for reasoning about information flow. The second theory of information is Dana Scott's domain theory, a mathematical framework for giving meaning to programs as continuous functions over a particular topology. Scott's partial ordering also represents when one element is more informative than another, but in the sense of computational progress, i.e. when one element is a more defined or evolved version of another. To give a satisfactory account of information flow in programs it is necessary to consider both theories together, to understand what information is conveyed by a program viewed as a channel (à la Shannon) but also by the definedness of its encoding (à la Scott). We combine these theories by defining the Lattice of Computable Information (LoCI), a lattice of preorders rather than equivalence relations. LoCI retains the rich lattice structure of Shannon's theory, filters out elements that do not make computational sense, and refines the remaining information elements to reflect how Scott's ordering captures the way that information is presented. We show how the new theory facilitates the first general definition of termination-insensitive information flow properties, a weakened form of information flow property commonly targeted by static program analyses.
description: 30 pages; presented at the 50th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL 2023), 15-21 January 2023
The Radial Distribution and Excitation of H2 around Young Stars in the HST-ULLYSES Survey
Creators: name: France, Kevin
name: Arulanantham, Nicole
name: Maloney, Erin
name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: Abraham, P.
name: Alcala, Juan M.
name: Campbell-White, Justyn
name: Fiorellino, Eleonora
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Nisini, Brunella
name: Vioque, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial distribution and evolution of gas in the inner 10 au of protoplanetary disks form the basis for estimating the initial conditions of planet formation. Among the most important constraints derived from spectroscopic observations of the inner disk are the radial distributions of the major gas phase constituents, how the properties of the gas change with inner disk dust evolution, and how chemical abundances and excitation conditions are influenced by the high-energy radiation from the central star. We present a survey of the radial distribution, excitation, and evolution of inner disk molecular hydrogen (H$_{2}$) obtained as part of the $HST$/ULLYSES program. We analyze far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of 71 (63 accreting) pre-main sequence systems in the ULLYSES DR5 release to characterize the H$_{2}$ emission lines, H$_{2}$ dissociation continuum emission, and major photochemical/disk evolution driving UV emissions (Ly$α$, UV continuum, and C IV). We use the widths of the H$_{2}$ emission lines to show that most fluorescent H$_{2}$ arises between 0.1 - 1.4 au from the parent star, and show positive correlations of the average emitting radius with the accretion luminosity and with the dust disk mass. We find a strong correlation between H$_{2}$ dissociation emission and both the accretion-dominated Ly$α$ luminosity and the inner disk dust clearing, painting a picture where water molecules in the inner 3 au are exposed to and dissociated by strong Ly$α$ emission as the opacity of the inner disk declines with time.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Accepted to the Astronomical Journal
Sharp bounds on the radius of relativistic charged spheres: Guilfoyle's stars saturate the Buchdahl-Andréasson bound
Creators: name: Lemos, José P. S.
name: Zanchin, Vilson T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Buchdahl, by imposing a few physical assumptions on the matter, i.e., its density is a nonincreasing function of the radius and the fluid is a perfect fluid, and on the configuration, such as the exterior is the Schwarzschild solution, found that the radius $r_0$ to mass $m$ ratio of a star would obey the Buchdahl bound $r_0/m\geq9/4$. He noted that the bound was saturated by the Schwarzschild interior solution, the solution with $ρ_{\rm m}(r)= {\rm constant}$, where $ρ_{\rm m}(r)$ is the energy density of the matter at $r$, when the central central pressure blows to infinity. Generalizations of this bound have been studied. One generalization was given by Andréasson by including electrically charged matter and imposing that $p+2p_T \leqρ_{\rm m}$, where $p$ is the radial pressure and $p_T$ the tangential pressure. His bound is given by $r_0/m\geq9/\left(1+\sqrt{1+3\,q^2/r_0^2}\right)^{2}$, the Buchdahl-Andréasson bound, with $q$ being the star's total electric charge. Following Andréasson's proof, the configuration that saturates the Buchdahl bound is an uncharged shell, rather than the Schwarzschild interior solution. By extension, the configurations that saturate the Buchdahl-Andréasson bound are charged shells. One expects then, in turn, that there should exist an electrically charged equivalent to the interior Schwarzschild limit. We find here that this equivalent is provided by the equation $ρ_{\rm m}(r) + {Q^2(r)}/ {\left(8π\,r^4\right)}= {\rm constant}$, where $Q(r)$ is the electric charge at $r$. This equation was put forward by Cooperstock and de la Cruz, and Florides, and realized in Guilfoyle's stars. When the central pressure goes to infinity Guilfoyle's stars are configurations that saturate the Buchdahl-Andréasson bound. It remains to find a proof in Buchdahl's manner such that these configurations are the limiting configurations of the bound.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Antitumor agents. 256. Conjugation of paclitaxel with other antitumor agents: Evaluation of novel conjugates as cytotoxic agents
Creators: name: Nakamura, Seikou
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Peng, Chieh Yu
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Lee, Fang Yu
name: Nyarko, Alexander
name: Lee, Fang Chen
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Fifteen different taxoid conjugates were prepared by linking various anticancer compounds, including camptothecin (CPT), epipodophyllotoxin (EP), colchicine (COL), and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), at the 2’- or 7-position on paclitaxel (TXL, 1) through an ester, imine, amine, or amide bond. Newly synthesized conjugates were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against replication of several human tumor cell lines. Among them, TXL-CPT conjugates, 8–10, were more potent than TXL itself against the human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 (ED50 = 14.8, 3.1, 19.4 nM compared with 55.5 nM), and conjugate 10 was also eightfold more active than TXL against the LN-CAP prostate cancer cell line. These compounds also possessed anti-angiogenesis ability as well as lower inhibitory effects against a normal cell line (MRC-5). Thus, conjugates 8–10 are possible antitumor drug candidates, particularly for prostate cancer.
The Distribution of Main Sequence and Pre-Main Sequence Stars in the Young Anticenter Cluster NGC 2401
Creators: name: Davidge, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images obtained with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph on Gemini South are used to examine the photometric properties and spatial distributions of main sequence (MS) and pre-main sequence (PMS) objects in the star cluster NGC 2401. The data sample several magnitudes fainter than previous studies, and a large population of candidate PMS (cPMS) stars are identified. The cPMS stars are traced out to 2.4 arcmin from the cluster center, and have a flatter spatial distribution than the brightest MS stars near the cluster center. The luminosity function of all MS and candidate PMS stars can be matched by a model that assumes a solar neighborhood mass function, suggesting that NGC 2401 has not yet shed significant numbers of members with masses in excess of 0.5 solar. The frequency of wide binaries among the MS stars is ~3 times higher than among the cPMS stars. It is argued that the difference in the spatial distributions of MS and PMS objects is not the consequence of secular dynamical evolution or structural evolution driven by near-catastrophic mass loss. Rather, it is suggested that the different spatial distributions of these objects is the fossil imprint of primordial sub-clustering that arises naturally if massive stars form preferentially in the highest density central regions of a protocluster.
description: To appear in the PASP
Antitumor agents. 258. Syntheses and evaluation of dietary antioxidant—taxoid conjugates as novel cytotoxic agents
Creators: name: Chen, Tzu Hsuan
name: Chiang, Po Cheng
name: Spohn, Bill
name: Wang, Shao Chun
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Lee, Fang Yu
name: Lee, Fang Chen
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
name: Yamada, Koji
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Nakamura, Seikou
name: Hung, Mien Chie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Various dietary antioxidants, including vitamins, flavonoids, curcumin, and a coumarin, were conjugated with paclitaxel (1) through an ester linkage. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against several human tumor cell lines as well as the corresponding normal cell lines. Interestingly, most tested conjugates selectively inhibited the growth of 1A9 (ovarian) and KB (nasopharyngeal) tumor cells without activity against other cell lines. Particularly, conjugates 16 and 20 were highly active against 1A9 (ED50 value of 0.005 μg/mL) as well as KB (ED50 values of 0.005 and 0.14 μg/mL, respectively) cells. Compound 22b, the glycinate ester salt of vitamin E conjugated with 1, appears to be a promising lead for further development as a clinical trial candidate as it exhibited strong inhibitory activity against Panc-1 (pancreatic cancer) with less effect on the related E6E7 (normal) cell line.
T-duality simplifies bulk-boundary correspondence: some higher dimensional cases
Creators: name: Mathai, Varghese
name: Thiang, Guo Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently we introduced T-duality in the study of topological insulators, and used it to show that T-duality trivialises the bulk-boundary correspondence in 2 dimensions. In this paper, we partially generalise these results to higher dimensions and briefly discuss the 4D quantum Hall effect.
description: 25 pages. To appear in Ann. Henri Poincare
(102890) Sarah Norman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Convenient synthesis and in vitro pharmacological activity of 2-thioanalogs of salvinorin A and B
Creators: name: Zjawiony, Jordan K.
name: Bikbulatov, Ruslan V.
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Yan, Feng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To study drug-receptor interactions, new thio-derivatives of salvinorin A, an extremely potent natural κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, were synthesized. Obtained compounds were examined for receptor binding affinity. Analogs with the same configuration at carbon atom C-2 as in natural salvinorin A showed higher affinity to KOR than their corresponding epimers.
(102889) William Govier
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sequencing the Entangled DNA of Fractional Quantum Hall Fluids
Creators: name: Cruise, Joseph R.
name: Seidel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and prove the "root theorem", which establishes a condition for families of operators to annihilate all root states associated with zero modes of a given positive semi-definite $k$-body Hamiltonian chosen from a large class. This class is motivated by fractional quantum Hall and related problems, and features generally long-ranged, one-dimensional, dipole-conserving terms. Our theorem streamlines analysis of zero-modes in contexts where "generalized" or "entangled" Pauli principles apply. One major application of the theorem is to parent Hamiltonians for mixed Landau-level wave functions, such as unprojected composite fermion or parton-like states that were recently discussed in the literature, where it is difficult to rigorously establish a complete set of zero modes with traditional polynomial techniques. As a simple application we show that a modified $V_1$ pseudo-potential, obtained via retention of only half the terms, stabilizes the $ν=1/2$ Tao-Thouless state as the unique densest ground state.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; published version
Additional file 7 of Ontogeny, species identity, and environment dominate microbiome dynamics in wild populations of kissing bugs (Triatominae)
Creators: name: Brown, Joel J.
name: Rodríguez-Ruano, Sonia M.
name: Anbu Poosakkannu
name: Batani, Giampiero
name: Schmidt, Justin O.
name: Roachell, Walter
name: Zima, Jan
name: Hypša, Václav
name: Nováková, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional File 7: NMDS analyses of T. rubida microbiomes from early instar (L1-L3) individuals found in different N. albigula nests at UADS.
A characterization of high transitivity for groups acting on trees
Creators: name: Fima, Pierre
name: Maître, François Le
name: Moon, Soyoung
name: Stalder, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20B07 (Primary), 05C05 (Secondary)

description: We establish a sharp sufficient condition for groups acting on trees to be highly transitive when the action on the tree is minimal of general type. This gives new examples of highly transitive groups, including icc non-solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups, thus answering a question of Hull and Osin.
description: 63 pages
(102888) Chlorinda Govier
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.