cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stabilising falling liquid film flows using feedback control
Creators: name: Thompson, Alice B.
name: Gomes, Susana N.
name: Pavliotis, Grigorios A.
name: Papageorgiou, Demetrios T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Falling liquid films become unstable due to inertial effects when the fluid layer is sufficiently thick or the slope sufficiently steep. This free surface flow of a single fluid layer has industrial applications including coating and heat transfer, which benefit from smooth and wavy interfaces, respectively. Here we discuss how the dynamics of the system are altered by feedback controls based on observations of the interface height, and supplied to the system via the perpendicular injection and suction of fluid through the wall. In this study, we model the system using both Benney and weighted-residual models that account for the fluid injection through the wall. We find that feedback using injection and suction is a remarkably effective control mechanism: the controls can be used to drive the system towards arbitrary steady states and travelling waves, and the qualitative effects are independent of the details of the flow modelling. Furthermore, we show that the system can still be successfully controlled when the feedback is applied via a set of localised actuators and only a small number of system observations are available, and that this is possible using both static (where the controls are based on only the most recent set of observations) and dynamic (where the controls are based on an approximation of the system which evolves over time) control schemes. This study thus provides a solid theoretical foundation for future experimental realisations of the control of falling liquid films.
title: Gastroesophageal junction: A small part, a lot to see
Creators: name: Gabutti, Jesús
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Barium meal
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Diverticula
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is to: Illustrate the normal anatomy and physiology of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Review the main GEJ pathologies including the imaging findings and basic clinical aspects. Describe the utility of...
Uncertainties on near-core mixing in red-clump stars: effects on the period spacing and on the luminosity of the AGB bump
Creators: name: Bossini, Diego
name: Miglio, Andrea
name: Salaris, Maurizio
name: Pietrinferni, Adriano
name: Montalbán, Josefina
name: Bressan, Alessandro
name: Noels, Arlette
name: Cassisi, Santi
name: Girardi, Léo
name: Marigo, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass stars in the He-core-burning phase (HeCB) play a major role in stellar, galactic, and extragalactic astrophysics. The ability to predict accurately the properties of these stars, however, depends on our understanding of convection, which remains one of the key open questions in stellar modelling. We argue that the combination of the luminosity of the AGB bump (AGBb) and the period spacing of gravity modes (DP) during the HeCB phase, provides us with a decisive test to discriminate between competing models of these stars. We use the MESA, BaSTI, and PARSEC stellar evolution codes to model a typical giant star observed by Kepler. We explore how various near-core-mixing scenarios affect the predictions of the above-mentioned constraints, and we find that DP depends strongly on the prescription adopted. Moreover we show that the detailed behaviour of DP shows the signature of sharp variations in the Brunt-Vaisala frequency, which could potentially give additional information about near-core features. We find evidence for the AGBb among Kepler targets, and a first comparison with observations shows that, even if standard models are able to reproduce the luminosity distribution, no standard model can account for satisfactorily the period spacing of HeCB stars. Our analysis allows us to outline a candidate model to describe simultaneously the two observed distributions: a model with a moderate overshooting region characterized by an adiabatic thermal stratification. This prescription will be tested in the future on cluster stars, to limit possible observational biases.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Parkinson disease and Parkinsonian syndromes: What the radiologist should know?
Creators: name: Camuera, Elsa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Motility
subject: Dementia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Recognise the different Parkinsonian syndromes in MRI and nuclear medicine...
Starobinsky-like two-field inflation
Creators: name: Kaneda, Sho
name: Ketov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extension of the Starobinsky model, whose parameters are functions of an extra scalar field. Our motivation is to test the robustness (or sensitivity) of the Starobinsky inflation against mixing scalaron with another (matter) scalar field. We find that the extended Starobinsky model is (classically) equivalent to the two-field inflation, with the scalar potential having a flat direction. For the sake of fully explicit calculations, we perform a numerical scan of the parameter space. Our numerical calculations support the viability of the Starobinsky-like two-field inflation for the certain range of its parameters, which are characterized by the scalar index $n_s=0.96\pm 0.01$, the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r<0.06$, and small running of the scalar index at $|α_s|<0.05$.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures; LaTeX; minor revision: short comments and references added, most of Sec.3 moved to Appendix
Relationship between elevated depressive symptoms, negative attention bias and brain volume
Creators: name: Ray, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with significant physical health problems, interpersonal discord, and other mental health challenges. Cognitive models suggest that depression may be maintained by a preferential bias to attend to negative stimuli and reduced ability to disengage from negative stimuli leading to sustained negative affect and a persistent depressive episode. This study examines structural MRI data from a cohort of individuals with elevated depressive symptoms in comparison to a non-depressed healthy sample. We outline our plan to test for differences in brain volumes in depressed individuals compared to healthy young adults. We will also examine if observed differences in brain volumes correspond to mood scores or biases in negative attention.
Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Events in Postmenopausal Women: The Impact of Race and Ethnicity in the Women’s Health Initiative
Creators: name: Rhee, Jinnie J.
name: Hedlin, Haley
name: Kapphahn, Kristopher
name: Cheung, Katharine L.
name: Winkelmayer, Wolfgang C.
name: Stefanick, Marcia L.
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Martin, Lisa W.
name: Shara, Nawar M.
name: Arce, Cristina M.
name: Desai, Manisha
name: Qi, Lihong
name: Kalil, Roberto S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Kidney disease disproportionately affects minority populations including African Americans and Hispanics; therefore, understanding the relationship of kidney function to cardiovascular (CV) outcomes within different racial/ethnic groups is of considerable interest. We investigated the relationship between kidney function and CV events and assessed effect modification by race/ethnicity in the Women’s Health Initiative.
One-dimensional spin texture of Bi(441); Quantum Spin Hall properties without a topological insulator
Creators: name: Bianchi, M.
name: Song, F.
name: Cooil, S.
name: Monsen, A. F.
name: Wahlstrom, E.
name: Miwa, J. A.
name: Rienks, E. D. L.
name: Evans, D. A.
name: Strozecka, A.
name: Pascual, J. I.
name: Leandersson, M.
name: Balasubramanian, T.
name: Hofmann, Ph.
name: Wells, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high index (441) surface of bismuth has been studied using Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM), Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (APRES) and spin-resolved ARPES. The surface is strongly corrugated, exposing a regular array of (110)-like terraces. Two surface localised states are observed, both of which are linearly dispersing in one in-plane direction ($k_x$), and dispersionless in the orthogonal in-plane direction ($k_y$), and both of which have a Dirac-like crossing at $k_x$=0. Spin ARPES reveals a strong in-plane polarisation, consistent with Rashba-like spin-orbit coupling. One state has a strong out-of-plane spin component, which matches with the miscut angle, suggesting its {possible} origin as an edge-state. The electronic structure of Bi(441) has significant similarities with topological insulator surface states and is expected to support one dimensional Quantum Spin Hall-like coupled spin-charge transport properties with inhibited backscattering, without requiring a topological insulator bulk.
Genetic influence on the Pupillary Light Reflex in early infancy
Creators: name: Portugal, Ana
name: Falck-Ytter, Terje
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Genetics and Genomics

description: This is a registration of a study plan posterior to data collection, cleaning, and extraction, but prior to analysis of the data. This study is part of the BabyTwins Study in Sweden, a longitudinal, multi-methods study following same-sex twins at 5 months, 14 months, 24 months, and 36 months. This registered plan aims primarily to investigate the genetic and environment contributions to infant’s pupillary light reflex response measured at 5 months, and as a secondary aim to study the associations (phenotypical and aetiological) between the PLR response and sensory processing functioning.
title: Lymph nodes with macrocalcifications: exclusively a benign breast pathology finding?
Creators: name: Chipiristeanu, Corina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: CT
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lymph nodes imaging in breast cancer is vital in staging and in post-therapeutic surveillance. The evaluation can reveal particular aspects such as the presence of calcifications used for the differential diagnosis between bening an malignant...
Field-induced dynamical properties of the $XXZ$ model on a honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Maksimov, P. A.
name: Chernyshev, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive $1/S$ study of the field-induced dynamical properties of the nearest-neighbor $XXZ$ antiferromagnet on a honeycomb lattice using the formalism of the nonlinear spin-wave theory developed for this model. The external magnetic field controls spin frustration in the system and induces non-collinearity of the spin structure, which is essential for the two-magnon decay processes. Our results include an intriguing field-evolution of the regions of the Brillouin zone wherein decays of spin excitations are prominent, a detailed classification of the decay channels involving magnons from both excitation branches, and a thorough analysis of the singularities in the magnon spectra due to coupling to the two magnon continuum, all of which are illustrated for several field and anisotropy values. We highlight a number of features related to either the non-Bravais nature of the lattice, or the existence of the Dirac-like points in the spectrum. In addition, the asymptotic behavior of the decay rates near high-symmetry points is analyzed in detail. The inelastic neutron-scattering spin-spin structure factor is obtained in the leading $1/S$ order and is shown to exhibit qualitatively distinct fingerprints of the decay-induced magnon dynamics such as quasiparticle peaks broadened by decays and strong spectral weight redistribution.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures
Effects of coherence and givenness on comprehension of proper names in discourse
Creators: name: Skyra, Yevheniy
name: Nieuwland, Mante
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Semantics and Pragmatics
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The project investigates the effects of coherence and givenness on the processing of co-referential and new proper names in discourse using the ERP technique.
Ultrafiltration Rate and Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Creators: name: Assimon, Magdalene M.
name: Wenger, Julia B.
name: Wang, Lily
name: Flythe, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Observational data have demonstrated an association between higher ultrafiltration (UF) rates and greater mortality among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Prior studies were small and did not consider potential differences in the association across body sizes and other related subgroups. No study has investigated UF rates normalized to anthropometric measures beyond body weight. Also, potential methodological shortcomings in prior studies have led to questions about the veracity of the UF rate–mortality association.
Topic modeling discovers trending topics in global research on the ecosystem impacts of microplastics
Creators: name: Gong, Kailin
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Hu, Shuangqing
name: Peng, Cheng
name: Tan, Jiaqi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Here is the original data and the code used for topic modeling for "Topic modeling discovers trending topics in global research on the ecosystem impacts of microplastics".
Precoding in Multibeam Satellite Communications: Present and Future Challenges
Creators: name: Vázquez, Miguel Ángel
name: Pérez-Neira, Ana
name: Christopoulos, Dimitrios
name: Chatzinotas, Symeon
name: Ottersten, Björn
name: Arapoglou, Pantelis-Daniel
name: Ginesi, Alberto
name: Taricco, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whenever multibeam satellite systems target very aggressive frequency reuse in their coverage area, inter-beam interference becomes the major obstacle for increasing the overall system throughput. As a matter of fact, users located at the beam edges suffer from a very large interference for even a moderately aggressive planning of reuse-2. Although solutions for inter-beam interference management have been investigated at the satellite terminal, it turns out that the performance improvement does not justify the increased terminal complexity and cost. In this article, we pay attention to interference mitigation techniques that take place at the transmitter (i.e. the gateway). Based on this understanding, we provide our vision on advanced precoding techniques and user clustering methods for multibeam broadband fixed satellite communications. We also discuss practical challenges to deploy precoding schemes and the support introduced in the recently published DVB-S2X standard. Future challenges for novel configurations employing precoding are also provided.
Study 24: Replication of Tay et al., 2011 (Cell)
Creators: name: Wang, Hongyan
name: Radomska, Hanna
name: Phelps, Mitch
name: Iorns, Elizabeth
name: Tsui, Rachel
name: Denis, Alexandria
name: Perfito, Nicole
name: Errington, Timothy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
subject: ceRNA
subject: Metascience
subject: microRNA
subject: PTEN
subject: Replication
subject: Reproducibility
subject: Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology

description: This registration contains all of the methods, data, analysis scripts, figures, and manuscript files associated with the published results of this replication effort, which can be found here: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.56651. The prior registration (https://osf.io/f7yjp) and Registered Report (https://elifesciences.org/articles/12470) were before data collection.
title: Hip ultrasonography review.
Creators: name: Maczuch, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is to describe the hip scanning technique for evaluating of anatomical structures; to show a basic protocol for beginners in musculoskeletal ultrasound; to illustrate the normal anatomy of the hip with...
title: Radio-pathologic correlation of malignant breast lesions
Creators: name: Morales, Alinne
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the clinical and pathologic feature of rare malignant breast lesions. List the imaging characteristics of rare malignant breast lesions. Discuss the differential diagnosis of these breast...
title: Non-traumatic Neuroradiological Emergencies and Interventions
Creators: name: MOHANTY, HIMANSU
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Emergency
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Enumerating the most common non-traumatic neurological emergencies. Describing their imaging findings on CT, MR , DSA. Discussing their Management (Medical, Surgical and Interventional). Discussing the post-procedure complication...
Serum Phosphorus and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, All-Cause Mortality, or Graft Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients: An Ancillary Study of the FAVORIT Trial Cohort
Creators: name: Levey, Andrew S.
name: House, Andrew A.
name: Carpenter, Myra A.
name: Rao, Madhumathi
name: Bostom, Andrew
name: Jacques, Paul
name: Kim, S. Joseph
name: Foster, Meredith C.
name: Weiner, Daniel E.
name: Smith, Stephen R.
name: Kusek, John W.
name: Pesavento, Todd E.
name: Kew, Clifton E.
name: Shireman, Theresa
name: Merhi, Basma
name: Pfeffer, Marc
name: Gohh, Reginald
name: Ix, Joachim H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Mild hyperphosphatemia is a putative risk factor for cardiovascular disease [CVD], loss of kidney function, and mortality. Very limited data are available from sizable multicenter kidney transplant recipient (KTR) cohorts assessing the potential relationships between serum phosphorus levels and the development of CVD outcomes, transplant failure, or all-cause mortality.
Making waves: Topic modeling discovers trending topics in global research on the ecosystem impacts of microplastics
Creators: name: Gong, Kailin
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Hu, Shuangqing
name: Peng, Cheng
name: Tan, Jiaqi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is the method file for Making waves: Topic modeling discovers trending topics in global research on the ecosystem impacts of microplastics. It introduces the research methods and reliability we used in the main text.
title: CT Imaging of Colitis : Traps and Tricks
Creators: name: Dhieb, Amina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Colonography CT
subject: CT
subject: Colon
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To know the diagnostic strategy in patients withsuspected colitis. 2. To show the utility of CTimaging to establish a positive diagnosis of colitis and to appreciate its...
title: Radiological and clinical findings of calyceal diverticula in children
Creators: name: Ochoa, Yurany
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Diverticula
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: · Explain and illustrate the typical and atypical presentations ofpyelocaliceal diverticulum in the pediatric patient. · Describe and illustrate the imaging appearances of calyceal diverticula across the spectrum of imaging modalities. · To...
New Family of Quantum Spin Hall Insulators in Two-dimensional Transition-Metal Halide with Large Nontrivial Band Gaps
Creators: name: Zhou, Liujiang
name: Kou, Liangzhi
name: Sun, Yan
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Hu, Feiming
name: Shan, Guangcun
name: Smith, Sean C.
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Frauenheim, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators (TIs) are promising for achieving dissipationless transport devices due to the robust gapless states inside the insulating bulk gap. However, currently realized 2D TIs, quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulators, suffer from ultra-high vacuum and extremely low temperature. Thus, seeking for desirable QSH insulators with high feasibility of experimental preparation and large nontrivial gap is of great importance for wide applications in spintronics. Based on the first-principles calculations, we predict a novel family of two-dimensional (2D) QSH insulators in transition-metal halide MX (M = Zr, Hf; X = Cl, Br, and I) monolayers with large nontrivial gaps of 0.12$-$0.4 eV, comparable with bismuth (111) bilayer (0.2 eV), stanene (0.3 eV) and larger than ZrTe$_5$ (0.1 eV) monolayers and graphene-based sandwiched heterstructures (30$-$70 meV). Their corresponding 3D bulk materials are weak topological insulators from stacking QSH layers, and some of bulk compounds have already been synthesized in experiment. The mechanism for 2D QSH effect in this system originates from a novel d$-$d band inversion, which is different from conventional band inversion between s$-$s orbitals, or p$-$p orbitals. The realization of pure layered MX monolayers may be prepared by exfoliation from their 3D bulk phases, thus holding great promise for nanoscale device applications and stimulating further efforts on transition metal-based QSH materials.
description: 4 figures
title: Dual Energy CT quantification of Lipiodol deposition after transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Creators: name: Yoshiyasu, Yuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Cancer
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Liver

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction Dual energy CT (DECT) has so far been investigated for hepatic imaging for the characterization of three different materials. The selective visualization of iodinated contrast media by DECT has been proposed to improve the conspicuity...
title: Skeletal "don't touch" lesions
Creators: name: Gulin, Matko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Image verification
subject: Education and training
subject: Normal variants
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this poster is to presenttheimaging characteristics oftypical skeletal "don't touch" lesions (also known as "leave me alone" lesions) that do not require additional diagnostic exploration for the finaldiagnosis. With that in mind, further...
Multiobjective approach to optimal control for a dengue transmission model
Creators: name: Denysiuk, Roman
name: Rodrigues, Helena Sofia
name: Monteiro, M. Teresa T.
name: Costa, Lino
name: Santo, Isabel Espirito
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C29, 92D30

description: During the last decades, the global prevalence of dengue progressed dramatically. It is a disease which is now endemic in more than one hundred countries of Africa, America, Asia and the Western Pacific. This study addresses a mathematical model for the dengue disease transmission and finding the most effective ways of controlling the disease. The model is described by a system of ordinary differential equations representing human and vector dynamics. Multiobjective optimization is applied to find the optimal control strategies, considering the simultaneous minimization of infected humans and costs due to insecticide application. The obtained results show that multiobjective optimization is an effective tool for finding the optimal control. The set of trade-off solutions encompasses a whole range of optimal scenarios, providing valuable information about the dynamics of infection transmissions. The results are discussed for different values of model parameters.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published in Statistics, Optimization & Information Computing (SOIC), ISSN 2310-5070 (online), ISSN 2311-004X (print). Paper submitted 28/April/2015; accepted, after a revision, 25/June/2015
Quasi-static magnetoelectric quadrupoles as the order parameter for the pseudo-gap phase in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Fechner, M.
name: Fierz, M. J. A.
name: Thöle, F.
name: Staub, U.
name: Spaldin, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a mechanism in which coupling between fluctuating spin magnetic dipole moments and polar optical phonons leads to a non-zero ferroic ordering of quasi-static magnetoelectric multipoles. Using first-principles calculations within the LSDA$+U$ method of density functional theory, we calculate the magnitude of the effect for the prototypical cuprate superconductor, HgBa$_2$CuO$_4$. We show that our proposed mechanism is consistent, to our knowledge, with all experimental data for the onset of the pseudo-gap phase and therefore propose the quasi-static magnetoelectric multipole as a possible pseudo-gap order parameter. Finally, we show that our mechanism embraces some key aspects of previous theoretical models, in particular the description of the pseudo-gap phase in terms of orbital currents.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The Mach stem equation and amplification in strongly nonlinear geometric optics
Creators: name: Coulombel, Jean-François
name: Williams, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We study highly oscillating solutions to a class of weakly well-posed hyperbolic initial boundary value problems. Weak well-posedness is associated with an amplification phenomenon of oscillating waves on the boundary. In some previous works, we have rigorously justified a {\sl weakly nonlinear} regime for {\sl semilinear} problems. In that case, the forcing term on the boundary has amplitude $O(\varepsilon^2)$ and oscillates at a frequency $O(1/\varepsilon)$. The corresponding exact solution, which has been shown to exist on a time interval that is independent of $\varepsilon \in (0,1]$, has amplitude $O(\varepsilon)$. In this paper, we deal with the exact same scaling, namely $O(\varepsilon^2)$ forcing term on the boundary and $O(\varepsilon)$ solution, for {\sl quasilinear} problems. In analogy with the work by Cheverry, Gu\`es and M\'etivier, this corresponds to a {\sl strongly nonlinear} regime, and our main result proves solvability for the corresponding WKB cascade of equations, which yields existence of approximate solutions on a time interval that is independent of $\varepsilon\in (0,1]$. Existence of exact solutions close to approximate ones is a stability issue which highly depends on the hyperbolic system and on the boundary conditions; we do not address that question here. This work encompasses previous formal expansions by Majda and Rosales in the case of weakly stable shock waves, and by Artola and Majda for two-dimensional compressible vortex sheets. In particular, we prove well-posedness for the leading amplitude equation derived by Majda and Rosales (the ``Mach stem equation'') and generalize its derivation to a large class of hyperbolic boundary value problems and to periodic forcing terms. The latter case is solved under a crucial nonresonant assumption and a small divisor condition.
title: Prevalence of normal variations of the coronary arterial vascular anatomy as observed on coronary CT angiography.
Creators: name: Rahman, Daoud
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: CAD
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Coronary vascular disease is on the rise across the world. It light of this, it is necessary to establish a pattern of normal anatomical variations in the population from a diagnostic, interventional and surgical perspective. This goal was pursued...
title: Reduced iodine load protocol for aortoiliac CT angiography by 64-row MDCT: feasibility study using 40 mL of contrast medium
Creators: name: CAÑÓN MURILLO, DIANA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an emerging minimally invasive procedure for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis who are considered at high risk for surgical treatment, which represent approximately 30% of patients with...
Generating a taxonomy for genetic conditions relevant to reproductive planning
Creators: name: Wilfond, Benjamin S.
name: Rope, Alan F.
name: Simpson, Dana Kostiner
name: Davis, James V.
name: Berg, Jonathan S.
name: Quigley, Denise I.
name: Amendola, Laura M.
name: Kauffman, Tia L.
name: Goddard, Katrina A. B.
name: Gilmore, Marian J.
name: Himes, Patricia
name: Korngiebel, Diane M.
name: Schneider, Jennifer L.
name: Reiss, Jacob A.
name: Kennedy, Kathleen A.
name: Leo, Michael C.
name: Richards, C. Sue
name: Harding, Cary O.
name: Lynch, Frances L.
name: Mcmullen, Carmit K.
name: Jarvik, Gail P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: As genome or exome sequencing (hereafter genome-scale sequencing) becomes more integrated into standard care, carrier testing is an important possible application. Carrier testing using genome-scale sequencing can identify a large number of conditions, but choosing which conditions/genes to evaluate as well as which results to disclose can be complicated. Carrier testing generally occurs in the context of reproductive decision-making and involves patient values in a way that other types of genetic testing may not. The Kaiser Permanente Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research program is conducting a randomized clinical trial of preconception carrier testing that allows participants to select their preferences for results from among broad descriptive categories rather than selecting individual conditions. This paper describes 1) the criteria developed by the research team, the return of results committee (RORC), and stakeholders for defining the categories; 2) the process of refining the categories based on input from patient focus groups and validation through a patient survey; and, 3) how the RORC then assigned specific gene-condition pairs to taxonomy categories being piloted in the trial. The development of four categories (serious, moderate/mild, unpredictable, late onset) for sharing results allows patients to select results based on their values without separately deciding their interest in knowing their carrier status for hundreds of conditions. A fifth category, lifespan limiting, was always shared. The lessons learned may be applicable in other results disclosure situations, such as incidental findings.
title: Cochlear implants in adults: What does the surgeon want to know?
Creators: name: Ayadi, Salma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Prostheses
subject: Image verification

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Know the indications and management modalities of cochlear implants in adults Know how to perform and analyze preoperative cochlear implantation imaging Know how to perform and analyze postoperative cochlear implantation...
The Fungal and Bacterial Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis (FABB CF): Changes in the Cystic Fibrosis Airway Mycobiome Over Time and its Link with Bacterial Species Rarefication
Creators: name: Patel, Deepa
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024

description: Background: The significance of airway colonisation with Aspergillus fumigatus in CF lung disease remains uncertain. Bacterial diversity decreases with age in CF, whilst fungal airway colonisation increases. The cause and effect of these findings are not well understood in the pre-modulated CF airway microbiome.Aims: To longitudinally study the dynamic changes in sputum fungal composition, airway microbiome rarefication, airway inflammatory markers and disease progression in CF.Methods A prospective, single-centre longitudinal study over a six-year period, including paediatric and adult CF patients. Sputum and/or BAL samples processed for fungal culture (FC), bacterial and fungal quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing and airway inflammatory biomarkers. Age-matched paediatric disease-control participants were also recruited.Results Seventy patients provided 235 respiratory samples. Median age at recruitment was 17 years (range 0.5–59 years) with a median percent predicted FEV1 of 88% (range 26–135%). 60% of participants were FC positive, of which 3% were persistently colonised. 68% of the FC naïve group were aged <15 years. FC positivity was independently associated with reduced bacterial diversity. Streptococcus and Pseudomonas were the predominant taxa across both FC groups. Rare bacterial and fungal taxa were more abundant within the FC negative cohort. Participants with persistent fungal airway colonisation displayed differences in bacterial and fungal community structure, and demonstrated a steeper decline in fungal diversity over time. This cohort also demonstrated a predominance of Candida parapsilosis, C. albicans and A. fumigatus. There was no significant difference between airway biomarkers in relation to fungal culture positivity.Conclusion Chronic Aspergillus fumigatus airway colonisation is associated with a change in bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity in CF. Further comparative studies are needed to understand the impact of fungal airway colonisation on the modulated CF airway microbiome.
Photons emerging as Goldstone bosons from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking: The Abelian Nambu model
Creators: name: Escobar, C. A.
name: Urrutia, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After imposing current conservation together with the Gauss law as initial conditions on the Abelian Nambu model, we prove that the resulting theory is equivalent to standard QED in the non-linear gauge $\left(A_{μ}A^{μ}-n^{2}M^{2}\right)=0$, to all orders in perturbation theory. We show this by writing both models in terms of the same variables, which produce identical Feynman rules for the interactions and propagators. A crucial point is to verify that the Faddeev-Popov ghosts arising from the gauge fixing procedure in the QED sector decouple to all orders. We verify this decoupling by following a method like that employed in Yang-Mills theories when investigating the behavior of axial gauges. The equivalence between the two theories supports the idea that gauge particles can be envisaged as the Goldstone bosons originating from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, revtex, published in PRD
Status and prospects of the nMSSM after LHC Run-1
Creators: name: Barducci, D.
name: Bélanger, G.
name: Hugonie, C.
name: Pukhov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new minimal supersymmetric standard model (nMSSM), a variant of the general next to minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) without $Z_3$ symmetry, features a naturally light singlino with a mass below 75 GeV. In light of the new constraints from LHC Run-1 on the Higgs couplings, sparticles searches and flavour observables, we define the parameter space of the model which is compatible with both collider and dark matter (DM) properties. Among the regions compatible with these constraints, implemented through NMSSMTools, SModelS and MadAnalysis 5, only one with a singlino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) with a mass around 5 GeV can explain all the DM abundance of the universe, while heavier mixed singlinos can only form one of the DM components. Typical collider signatures for each region of the parameter space are investigated. In particular, the decay of the 125 GeV Higgs into light scalars and/or pseudoscalars and the decay of the heavy Higgs into charginos and neutralinos, provide distinctive signatures of the model. Moreover, the sfermion decays usually proceed through heavier neutralinos rather than directly into the LSP, as the couplings to the singlino are suppressed. We also show that direct detection searches are complementary to collider ones, and that a future ton-scale detector could completely probe the region of parameter space with a LSP mass around 65 GeV.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
title: Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy(NEHI) - rare interstitial lung disease - when radiologists prevent pediatric patients from invasive diagnostic procedures
Creators: name: Krysiak, Remigiusz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To familiarise medical community with this underdiagnosed disorder. To improve understanding of imaging features of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy(NEHI). To allow the readers to make specific diagnoses preventing children from more...
Data and code from: Shifting social-ecological fire regimes explain increasing structure loss from Western wildfires
Creators: name: Higuera, Philip
name: Cook, Maxwell
name: Balch, Jennifer
name: Stavros, E. Natasha
name: Mahood, Adam
name: St. Denis, Lise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: wildfire
structure loss
area burned
flammable vegetation
time series
Climate
structure abundance

description: Higuera, P.E., M.C. Cook, J.K. Balch, E.N. Stavros, A.L. Mahood, and L.A. St. Denis. 2023. Shifting social-ecological fire regimes explain increasing structure loss from Western wildfires. PNAS Nexus 2: In Press. Structure loss is an acute, costly impact of the wildfire crisis in the western United States ("West"), motivating the need to understand recent trends and causes. We document a 246% rise in West-wide structure loss from wildfires between 1999–2009 and 2010–2020, driven strongly by events in 2017, 2018, and 2020. Increased structure loss was not due to increased area burned alone. Wildfires became significantly more destructive, with a 160% higher structure loss rate (loss/kha burned) over the past decade. Structure loss was driven primarily by wildfires from unplanned human-related ignitions (e.g. backyard burning, power lines, etc.), which accounted for 76% of all structure loss and resulted in 10 times more structures destroyed per unit area burned compared to lightning-ignited fires. Annual structure loss was well explained by area burned from human-related ignitions, while decadal structure loss was explained by state-level structure abundance in flammable vegetation. Both predictors increased over recent decades and likely interacted with increased fuel aridity to drive structure-loss trends. While states are diverse in patterns and trends, nearly all experienced more burning from human-related ignitions and/or higher structure loss rates, particularly California, Washington, and Oregon. Our findings highlight how fire regimes – characteristics of fire over space and time – are fundamentally social-ecological phenomena. By resolving the diversity of Western fire regimes, our work informs regionally appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies. With millions of structures with high fire risk, reducing human-related ignitions and rethinking how we build are critical for preventing future wildfire disasters.
description: Data are primarily in .csv format, opened with a range of programs, and also in Matlab .mat format. Code is written in Matlab (open source option: SciLab, https://www.scilab.org/).Funding provided by: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100017536
Award Number: Visiting Fellows ProgramFunding provided by: U.S. Geological Survey
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000203
Award Number: G18AC00325
description: See associated paper.
Patients' ratings of genetic conditions validate a taxonomy to simplify decisions about preconception carrier screening via genome sequencing
Creators: name: Jarvik, Gail P.
name: Davis, James V.
name: Harding, Cary
name: Berg, Jonathan S.
name: Kauffman, Tia L.
name: Himes, Patricia
name: Kennedy, Kathleen A.
name: Mcmullen, Carmit
name: Rope, Alan F.
name: Quigley, Denise I.
name: Lynch, Frances L.
name: Gilmore, Marian J.
name: Richards, C. Sue
name: Wilfond, Benjamin S.
name: Simpson, Dana Kostiner
name: Goddard, Katrina A. B.
name: Reiss, Jacob A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Advances in genome sequencing and gene discovery have created opportunities to efficiently assess more genetic conditions than ever before. Given the large number of conditions that can be screened, the implementation of expanded carrier screening using genome sequencing will require practical methods of simplifying decisions about the conditions for which patients want to be screened. One method to simplify decision making is to generate a taxonomy based on expert judgment. However, expert perceptions of condition attributes used to classify these conditions may differ from those used by patients. To understand whether expert and patient perceptions differ, we asked women who had received preconception genetic carrier screening in the last 3 years to fill out a survey to rate the attributes (predictability, controllability, visibility, and severity) of several autosomal recessive or X-linked genetic conditions. These conditions were classified into one of five taxonomy categories developed by subject experts (significantly shortened lifespan, serious medical problems, mild medical problems, unpredictable medical outcomes, and adult-onset conditions). A total of 193 women provided 739 usable ratings across 20 conditions. The mean ratings and correlations demonstrated that participants made distinctions across both attributes and categories. Aggregated mean attribute ratings across categories demonstrated logical consistency between the key features of each attribute and category, although participants perceived little difference between the mild and serious categories. This study provides empirical evidence for the validity of our proposed taxonomy, which will simplify patient decisions for results they would like to receive from preconception carrier screening via genome sequencing.
title: Why is the percutaneous transgluteal drainage of deep pelvic abscesses special? Issues to consider.
Creators: name: Taberner López, Ester
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Catheters
subject: Complications
subject: Drainage
subject: Abscess
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Percutaneous abscess drainage is now a well- established procedure, and numerous reports have described its efficacy and complication rates. With this educational poster we propose to attend this objectives: Review the indications, procedure and...