cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Συγγενές Σύνδρομο Ερυθράς και ανάγκη εμβολιασμού πριν την κύηση
Creators: name: Κοντίνη, Αντωνία- Αγγελική Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ερυθρά
Σύνδρομο Συγγενούς Ερυθράς
Εμβολιασμός
Rubella
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Vaccination

description: Η ερυθρά είναι μία ιογενής λοίμωξη, συνήθως ασυμπτωματική. Όμως κατά τη διάρκεια της κύησης, κυρίως το πρώτο τρίμηνο, μπορεί να προκαλέσει σοβαρές επιπλοκές, όπως αυτόματη αποβολή, πρόωρο τοκετό και το Σύνδρομο Συγγενούς Ερυθράς. Η κλασική τριάδα των κλινικών εκδηλώσεων που σχετίζονται με αυτό το σύνδρομο στα ζώντα νεογνά είναι η βαρηκοΐα, οι συγγενείς καρδιακές ανωμαλίες και οι οφθαλμικές ανωμαλίες. Δυστυχώς, μέχρι σήμερα δεν υπάρχει συγκεκριμένη θεραπεία για το Σύνδρομο παρά μόνο η στοχευμένη αντιμετώπιση των συμπτωμάτων. Γίνεται, λοιπόν, φανερό, ότι η πρόληψη μέσω προγραμμάτων εμβολιασμού, κρίνεται απαραίτητη.
description: Rubella is a viral infection, usually asymptomatic. But during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, it can cause serious complications, such as spontaneous abortion, premature birth and Congenital Rubella Syndrome. The classic triads of clinical complications associated with this syndrome in living neonates are hearing loss, congenital heart abnormalities and ocular abnormalities. Unfortunately, up until now there is no specific treatment for the syndrome except symptomatic treatment.Therefore, rubella vaccination is crucial.
Global Citizenship Education, Global Educational Injustice and the Postcolonial Critique
Creators: name: Drerup, Johannes
Publisher: name: Global Justice : Theory Practice Rhetoric
Year: 2020

description: This contribution develops a defence of a universalist conception of Global Citizenship Education (GCE) against three prominent critiques, which are, among others, put forward by postcolonial scholars. The first critique argues that GCE is essentially a project of globally minded elites and therefore expressive both of global educational injustices and of the values and lifestyles of a particular class or milieu. The second critique assumes that GCE is based on genuinely ‘Western values’ (e.g., in the form of a conception of human rights or conceptions of rationality or the self), which are neither universally accepted nor universally valid and therefore unjustly forced on members of non-Western cultures and societies. GCE, according to this critique, is assumed to be another version of the educational justification of a hegemonic and unjust global Western regime. The third critique focuses on the epistemological preconditions of GCE. It assumes that GCE relies on a particular, culturally embedded ‘Western epistemology,’ which perpetuates historically grown global educational and epistemic injustices by dominating and subjugating alternative epistemological approaches. With respect to the first critique I argue that it is to a certain extent sociologically plausible, but wrong when it is applied to the educational and political legitimacy of GCE. The second critique overestimates the consensus within the ‘Western tradition’ and underestimates the transnational dissemination of universalist ideals and values as well as its own reliance on universalist validity claims. I argue that in order to provide a plausible criticism of historically grown global educational and political injustices, it is imperative for GCE to integrate central insights provided by the postcolonial critique, without giving up on universalist ideals and values. The third critique is, according to my argumentation, based on flawed epistemological assumptions, which do not withstand critical scrutiny. Instead of identifying epistemic and scientific claims as the expressions of a particular ‘culture’ or geographical location (the ‘West’), I defend the position that philosophical and scientific research should ideally be conceived as a democratic and universalist project, whose emancipatory potential can only be realized on the basis of a universalist epistemology.
description: Global Justice : Theory Practice Rhetoric, Vol 12 No 01 (2019): Global Justice and Education
Descriptive set theory: The uniformization property for the pointclasses Π^1_1 (lightface), Σ^1_2 (lightface), Π^1_1 (boldface), Σ^1_2 (boldface)
Creators: name: Τασοπούλου, Κορντέλια- Άλκηστις Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Περιγραφική Θεωρία Συνόλων
subject: Ιδιότητα ομοιομορφοποίησης
subject: Μαθηματικά
subject: Descriptive Set Theory
subject: Uniformization property
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The intention of this thesis is to introduce Descriptive Set Theory and to present some notable results. To begin with, we establish the basic notions of the Classical Descriptive Set Theory. The main aim of this theory is to study the structure and the properties of subsets of complete, separable metric spaces. So initially, we present some preliminaries, to construct the Borel pointclasses as well as the Lusin pointclasses and the Borel sets. After these starting points, we introduce the elementary results of the Effective Descriptive Set Theory. This theory yields refinements of the classical results. So, we will see the analogies between these two theories. More precisely we start with recursive functions and semirecursive sets, which are the effective analogues of continuous functions and open sets respectivelly and we build up the Kleene pointclasses, namely the effective version of the Borel and the Lusin pointclasses. Finally, we investigate the structure of the pointclasses Π^1_1 (lightface), Σ^1_2 (lightface), Π^1_1 (boldface), Σ^1_2 (boldface) more systematically. We give the definition of uniformization, a weak form of the axiom of choice and we end up proving that these pointclasses have the uniformization property.
description: Ο σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η εισαγωγή στην Περιγραφική Θεωρία Συνόλων και η παρουσίαση κάποιων σημαντικών αποτελεσμάτων. Αρχικά ορίζουμε τις βασικές έννοιες της Κλασικής Περιγραφικής Θεωρίας Συνόλων. Ο κύριος σκοπός της θεωρίας αυτής είναι η μελέτη της δομής και των ιδιοτήτων υποσυνόλων των πλήρων, διαχωρίσιμων μετρικών χώρων. Οπότε, έχοντας ορίσει κάποιες προαπαιτούμενες έννοιες, συνεχίζουμε με την κατασκευή των κλάσεων Borel, Lusin, αλλά και των συνόλων Borel. Έπειτα προχωράμε στη θεμελίωση των πρωταρχικών σημείων της Κατασκευαστικής Περιγραφικής Θεωρίας Συνόλων. Η θεωρία αυτή θεωρείται εκλέπτυνση της Κλασικής Θεωρίας κι έτσι παρατηρούμε κάποιες αναλογίες ανάμεσα στις δύο θεωρίες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, ξεκινάμε με της αναδρομικές συναρτήσεις και τα ημιαναδρομικά σύνολα, που είναι η αντίστοιχες έννοιες των συνεχών συναρτήσεων και των ανοικτών συνόλων και κατασκευάζουμε τις κλάσεις Kleene, σε αναλογία με τις κλάσεις Borel και Lusin. Τέλος, κλείνουμε με μια πιο συστηματική μελέτη της δομής των κλάσεων Π^1_1 (lightface), Σ^1_2 (lightface), Π^1_1 (boldface), Σ^1_2 (boldface). Δίνουμε τον ορισμό της ομοιομορφοποίησης, μιας ασθενούς μορφής του αξιώματος επιλογής και καταλήγουμε στο θεώρημα ομοιομορφοποίησης για τις παραπάνω κλάσεις.
Κατασκευές της Άμβλωσης και των Αναπαραγωγικών Δικαιωμάτων στον Ελληνικό Πολιτικό Λόγο: Ρητορικές Χρήσεις και Κοινωνικοπολιτικές Συνέπειες
Creators: name: Μάκκα, Δέσποινα Αποστόλου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Άμβλωση και Αναπαραγωγικά Δικαιώματα
Πολιτικός Λόγος στην Ελλάδα
Ρητορική Ανάλυση Λόγου
Abortion and Reproductive Rights
Greek political discourse
Rhetorical and Discursive Psychology

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά τις κατασκευές της άμβλωσης και των αναπαραγωγικών δικαιωμάτων στον ελληνικό πολιτικό λόγο κι εξετάζει τις ρητορικές τους χρήσεις και τις δυνητικές κοινωνικοπολιτικές τους συνέπειες. Το αναλυτικό σώμα αποτελείται από απομαγνητοφωνήσεις τεσσάρων συζητήσεων που έλαβαν χώρα εντός του Ελληνικού κοινοβουλίου και τρεις συνεντεύξεις πολιτικών προσώπων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν τη χρονική περίοδο 2019-2022. Η ανάλυση με τη χρήση εργαλείων και εννοιών της ρητορικής και της λογοψυχολογίας έδειξε ότι η επιχειρηματολογία των κοινοβουλευτικών κομμάτων βασίστηκε σε δύο βασικούς άξονες. Ο πρώτος αφορά την κατασκευή του δικαιώματος στην άμβλωση με όρους αυτοδιάθεσης του σώματος. Ο δεύτερος αφορά τη σύνδεση/ συν-κατασκευή της άμβλωσης με το «δημογραφικό πρόβλημα» και την μείωση του πληθυσμού της Ελλάδας. Η επίκληση στη συναίνεση αποτέλεσε ένα κοινό απόθεμα στο πλαίσιο λόγου της αυτοδιάθεσης, ενώ αντίθετα στο πλαίσιο της συζήτησης για το «δημογραφικό» παρατηρήθηκε σαφής πόλωση. Συζητούνται οι ρητορικές λειτουργίες αυτών των κατασκευών εντός του επιχειρηματολογικού τους πλαισίου καθώς και οι πιθανές κοινωνικοπολιτικές επιπτώσεις τους στις πολιτικές των αμβλώσεων.
description: This study explores the constructions of abortion and reproductive rights in Greek political discourse and examines their rhetorical use and their potential socio-political consequences. The analytic corpus consists of transcripts of four debates taking place in the Greek parliament and three interviews with political figures conducted in the period of 2019-2022. Analysis using tools and concepts of rhetorical and discursive psychology indicated that the arguments of the parliamentary parties were based on two main categories. The first one considers the construction of the right to abortion in terms of bodily self-determination. The second one deals with the connection of abortion with the 'demographic issue' and the decline of the Greek population. Appeals to consensus constituted a resource in the discourse of bodily self-determination, highlighting a shared element in the argumentation within this context. On the contrary, in the context of discussing the 'demographic issue', a clear polarization was observed. Discussion focuses on the rhetorical functions of the argumentative lines identified and on their potential sociopolitical impact on abortion policies.
Selected determinants of social polarisation and economic stability in rural areas and in agriculture
Creators: name: Dudek, Michał
name: Karwat-Woźniak, Bożena
name: Wrzochalska, Agnieszka
name: Dudek, Michał
name: Karwat-Woźniak, Bożena
name: Wrzochalska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: agricultural development
subject: agricultural holdings
subject: agriculture
subject: Poland
subject: Polish regions
subject: production factors
subject: rural areas
subject: rural development
subject: rural regions
subject: smart specialisations
subject: social transformations

description: The purpose of the study was to assess the areas of smart specialisations in Polish regions in the context of agricultural and rural development as well as to analyse the significance of production factors in determining a market activity of agricultural holdings. Chapters: Selected directions of social transformations in rural areas in Poland. Development of rural regions in Poland and smart specialisation. Changes in relations of resources and production factors.
title: François Honnorat (avocat) "Mémoire sur les éléments de culpabilités des ministres dans le blocage délibéré du dépistage biologique des dons de sang"
Creators: name: Honnorat, François
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311123342928
description: created: start=1975;end=2018
title: Optimizing with Transaction Costs
title: Optimizing with Transaction Costs
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Basic, Filip
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2025
Subjects: Transaction costs
Portfolio optimization

description: This thesis explores the integration of transaction costs into portfolio
 optimization models, addressing a significant gap in traditional financial
 theory where such costs are often overlooked or simplified. By treating
 transaction costs as dynamic and volatile elements, this research enhances
 the realism and practical applicability of portfolio construction, leading
 to more efficient and effective investment strategies. The work is
 structured across three main chapters.

 Chapter 1 introduces the concept of implementation shortfall variance and
 integrates transaction cost covariance into the mean-variance utility
 function. Through statistical modeling and simulations using S&P
 500 data, it demonstrates how accounting for transaction cost variance can
 improve portfolio performance.

 Chapter 2 extends the analysis to equity factor portfolios, a critical
 component in asset management. It presents a novel optimization

 framework that reduces transaction costs while preserving the core
 characteristics of these portfolios. By applying this methodology to both
 single and multi-factor portfolios across global markets, the research
 shows that transaction-cost-optimized portfolios can achieve superior net
 returns, particularly in less liquid markets.

 Chapter 3 continues this approach to develop factor-enhanced market
 portfolios optimized for transaction costs. By

 integrating these factor strategies within a benchmark-relative context,
 the research provides actionable insights for asset managers, suggesting
 that traditional models which overlook or simplify transaction costs may
 be suboptimal.

 Overall, this thesis makes significant contributions to the field of
 finance by emphasizing the importance of transaction costs in portfolio
 optimization and offering practical tools and models that can enhance
 portfolio performance in a realistic and cost-effective manner.
title: 02_1444
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: 01_1825
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
THE EFFECT OF HEAT STRESS AND BACTERIA-DELIVERED PLANT ELICITORS ON PLANT IMMUNITY AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES
Creators: name: Hamel, Kristen Michelle
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bacillus subtilis
Meloidogyne chitwoodi
Meloidogyne hapla
RKN resistance
Root-knot nematodes

description: Plant-parasitic nematodes are one of the most economically important plant pathogens, especially for food crops in agriculture. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are especially destructive and are a prime focus of research for management strategies. The most common strategies for combating RKNs included nematicides and resistant crop cultivars. However, resistant cultivars may lose effectiveness at high temperatures and some commercial nematicides are being phased out due to health and environmental concerns. Our goal has been to look for novel means of nematode control and determining the effects of excessive heat on potato responses to RKNs. In terms of novel nematode control, it has been shown that bacteria can deliver plant elicitor peptides to the roots to prime plant immunity before nematode infection. Here we show that that Bacillus subtilis can be engineered to produce and secrete the tomato elicitor peptide, SlPep6. Application of this bacteria on tomato plant roots successfully reduced the galling caused by the RKN, Meloidogyne hapla. This bacteria delivery system of an elicitor activates defenses present in the host plant. Crop resistance is an established and effective management strategy for RKNs. However, there have been accounts of crop resistance breaking at high temperatures. This is concerning for growers who depend on resistant varieties to protect their crop plants, especially in light of rising temperatures due to climate change. The cultivated potato breeding line PA99N82-4 is normally resistant to the RKN, Meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1. PA99N82-4 potato plants exposed to excessive heat (36˚C) for 24 hours had significantly more M. chitwoodi galls on their roots than plants grown at 25˚C. This was also the case for plants exposed to three hours of heat (36˚C) for five consecutive days, mimicking realistic mid-day heat spikes that crop plants might undergo. This indicates that root resistance conferred in PA99N82-4 may not remain effective as temperatures rise. Priming plant immunity with transgenic bacteria as well as incorporating heat-stable resistance into crop cultivars are effective ways to diminish the damage caused by RKNs. These strategies should be considered for RKN management in order to better protect crop plants and improve global food security.
HUMAN MILK IMMUNE FACTORS AND TRIVERS WILLARD HYPOTHESIS: THE INSPIRE STUDY
Creators: name: Caffe, Beatrice Queiroz
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: human milk
immune factors
life history theory
Trivers-Willard

description: The Trivers-Willard hypothesis posits that maternal investment in offspring is influenced by maternal condition and infant sex, as female offspring are likely to be successful regardless of condition while males are likely to be successful only when high quality. While primarily investigated in humans in the context of behavioral investment bias, here, we test the Trivers Willard hypothesis through an investigation of maternal investment via human milk immune factor concentrations. Breastfeeding represents one of the most costly and intense forms of human parental investment, and human milk immune factors are essential in protecting infants against pathogens encountered in their environments. We hypothesize that human milk immune factors may vary in response to proximate cues outlined in the Trivers Willard hypothesis. We examine the relationship between concentrations of immune factors in maternal milk (IgA, IgM, IgG, EGF, TGFβ2 and IL-10) and infant sex as it interacts with maternal condition, as proxied by maternal BMI and diet diversity scores (DDS). We use milk samples collected from 358 breastfeeding mothers from 10 sites across 8 countries (Ethiopia, The Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Spain, Sweden, Peru, and the United States). Results indicate no overall significant effects of infant sex or maternal condition on concentrations of immune factors in our study. However, EGF trended towards higher in the milk of mothers with high DDS. In addition, IgG concentrations were higher in the milk of mothers in good condition (high diet diversity) with male infants than mothers in good condition with female infants. Overall, however, our results only provide minimal support for our hypothesis that variation of human milk immune factor concentrations are reflective of maternal condition and infant sex. Our findings contribute to the understanding of differential maternal biological investment and whether human milk immune variation is influenced by maternal and infant characteristics.
Young People's Experiences and Views of Formulation, and Its Clinical Implications for Mental Health Professionals
Creators: name: Marrington, Cathryn
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Formulation in Psychology
Young People's Experiences of Formulation in CAMHS

description: The experiences and opinions of adult clients, professionals and teams regarding clinical formulation have been researched, with mixed findings. Formulation helps some clients understand their problems, and feel accepted (Redhead, Johnstone & Nightingale, 2015; Burchardt, 2004). However, some can find it upsetting and worrying (Chadwick, Williams & Mackenzie, 2003). Professionals reported that formulation increases understanding of clients and gives direction (Pain, Chadwick & Abba, 2008), but can limit care plans (Summers, 2006). A systematic literature review with a critical analysis is presented in this research. The review found no published research regarding young people’s (< 18 years) experiences of formulation. Thus, the current study aimed to explore young people’s views, opinions and experiences of formulation in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). A qualitative study is outlined, in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine 13-17-year olds currently accessing therapy in CAMHS across one county in the UK. The data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. Findings included three key themes: Shared Sense Making; Formulation Process as a Therapeutic Intervention; and The Purposes and Uses of Formulation. These findings were shared with 13 Multi-disciplinary professionals within the CAMHS’ teams which the young people were recruited from. Two focus groups were conducted, again analysed using Thematic Analysis, and aimed to explore clinicians’ reactions to the findings, and what impact the findings might have on clinical practice. Findings included three key themes: The impact of young people’s experiences of formulation on clinical practice; clinician’s reflections on their role and their reactions to the young people’s findings; and wider network and societies’ expectations of CAMHS and knowledge of formulation. Clinical implications are discussed which include a need for clinicians to check understanding with clients; increasing familiarity of formulation outside of mental health services; ensuring inclusion of client’s strengths in formulations; and ensuring collaboration.
HEAT RESISTANCE COMPARISON OF SALMONELLA AND ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM IN CORNMEAL
Creators: name: Gu, Kejia
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: D-value
extrusion
surrogate
z-value

description: Adequate surrogate identification is critical for validating in-plant thermal process controls for Salmonella inactivation in different food matrices. This study compared the thermal inactivation parameters (D- and z-values) and evaluated the heat resistance of Enterococcus faecium (8459) as a surrogate for a 5-serovar Salmonella cocktail in cornmeal. The cornmeal was spray inoculated with the respective bacteria to achieve ~9 log CFU/g population and set to the desired moisture contents (16, 22, and 28% w.b.). The inoculated cornmeal was then heat-treated at pre-determined temperatures (60, 64, and 68°C) in sealed aluminum thermal-death-time disks in hot water baths for pre-determined time intervals. Injury-recovery media [brain heart infusion (BHI) agar overlaid with xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar for Salmonella or BHI agar overlaid m-enterococcus agar for E. faecium] were used for microbial enumeration to account for thermally injured bacterial cells. The D-values of Salmonella in cornmeal at 16, 22, and 28% moisture content were 37.5, 8.4, and 2.4 min at 60°C, 19.9, 3.5, and 1.1 min at 64°C, and 10.1, 1.4, and 0.5 min at 68°C, respectively. Whereas the D-values of E. faecium in cornmeal at 16, 22, and 28% moisture content were 140.4, 18.9, and 3.3 min at 60°C, 78.4, 7.1, and 1.6 min at 64°C, and 37.3, 2.8, and 0.8 min at 68°C, respectively. The z-values of E. faecium and Salmonella in cornmeal at 16, 22, and 28% moisture content were 13.9, 9.7, and 12.5°C, and 14.0, 10.4, and 11.7°C, respectively. These results indicated similar or higher thermal resistance (D-values) and equivalent thermal sensitivity (z-values) of E. faecium compared to Salmonella at different moisture contents and respective temperatures (P ≤ 0.05). Therefore, E. faecium could be used as a surrogate for Salmonella during thermal process validation of cornmeal processing.
Plastic Mulch Use in Specialty Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Madrid Martinez, Brenda
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: plasticulture system
polyethylene mulch
raspberry production
soil-biodegradable mulches

description: Polyethylene (PE) mulches are widely used in specialty cropping systems due to the horticultural benefits they provide. However, PE mulch is nondegradable and must be removed seasonally, generating large quantities of plastic waste that contribute to plastic pollution concerns. Soil-biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) have the potential to offset disposal and labor challenges associated with removal and disposal of PE mulch. Still, perceived variability of in-soil degradation has raised concerns about its functionality and sustainability, particularly in cooler climates and regions with dry or saturated soils where biodegradation rates may be slower. Plasticulture is a relatively new management approach for floricane raspberry (Rubus ideaus) growers, and its long-term effects are not currently well known. To understand the potential utility of plastic mulching in raspberry operations, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the factors influencing plastic mulch adoption. To accomplish these objectives, the studies were designed to (1) provide an introduction to plastic mulching and highlight some of the challenges associated with its long-term use, (2) provide a review of the disposal pathways of PE mulch in the United States, (3) evaluate the effects of compost, humic and acetic acids on BDM surface deterioration and in-soil degradation, and (4) identify the types of risk and uncertainties that raspberry growers may have about using PE mulch and BDMs. In the first study it was determined that humic and acetic acid can promote mulch surface deterioration of select plastic BDMs. However, the products did not influence in-soil degradation rates, still greater in-soil degradation occurred when using starch and PBAT based BDMs. In the second study findings suggest that PE mulch was considered riskier to industry representatives but less risky to growers and most research and outreach specialists. BDMs were perceived as risky due to the uncertainties about durability, in-soil degradability, and the unknown long-term effects on the environment if BDMs do not degrade readily. The incorporation of PE mulch and BDMs can be beneficial for raspberry production systems but will require time to allow for further research and effort to distribute information to a wider agricultural audience.
CAPILLARY FLOW OF A BRAZING ALLOY IN NORMAL AND MICRO-GRAVITY CONDITIONS: COMPUTATIONS
Creators: name: Lazaridis, Konstantinos Ioannis
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: capillary flow, droplets, bubbles
subject: contact angle
subject: Multiple capillary equilibria, perturbations
subject: reactive wetting
subject: topological changes
subject: aging, stability
subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The hole-filling problem arises from application of brazing for repairs in space under micro-gravity conditions. The negligible effects of gravity and dominance of capillary forces can be approximated under terrestrial conditions, provided that the hole and the quantity of liquid are small, as quantified by the Bond number. We report experimental results, modeling, and analysis, of the hole-filling problem using the liquid aluminum brazing alloy on aluminum substrate. Depending on the hole size, the capillary driven flow may result in the hole being either filled or not filled. The equilibrium problem (energy minimization) has multiple solutions in some regions of the parameter space. Therefore, the experimental outcomes may depend on the availability of sufficiently strong perturbation, required to dislodge the system from a meta-stable equilibrium. In general, a deeper and narrower hole favors the filled outcome.In addition, we consider features of an anomalous flow which includes: (i) an abrupt or a gradual recession of the contact line, and (ii) receding contact angle drop and an overshoot over the non-wetting surface. To analyze the mechanics of such flow, we use the phase field formulation for capillary flows with the diffusive motion of the triple line. The novel diffusive boundary condition with the time-evolving quasi-equilibrium contact angle is formulated and implemented into the phase field model. We discover that the observed anomalies in capillary flow are qualitatively explained by two factors: (1) Time evolution (ageing) of the quasi-equilibrium contact angle and, (2) high viscosity of the partially molten braze. We also discover that for the given flow geometry, the transition from the initial to the final configuration may follow two distinct topological paths: one is characterized by a coalescence of liquid-solid contact domains, the other by a contact line separation. The selection of the two paths in the configurational space is dependent on both contact ageing parameters and viscosity.
description: Finally, we investigate the effects of gravity of molten alloy on a combined wetting/non-wetting configuration. The experimental and computational results were tested under terrestrial and micro-gravity conditions. We find that the wetting distance increases as the inclined angle of the setup changes.
EFFECT OF SCAFFOLDED CONCEPT MAP FORMAT ON CHEMISTRY LEARNING OUTCOMES
Creators: name: Oni, Oluwasola Samuel
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Chemistry
Concept maps
Scaffolding
Student perception
Undergraduate

description: While concept maps are a useful instructional tool for learning, the use of concept maps for scaffolding instruction has been less investigated in the literature. This study investigated the effects of scaffolded concept map format compared with non-scaffolded concept map on learning outcomes. Six hundred and fifteen undergraduate students in an introductory chemistry course were randomly assigned to one of the two concept map groups. This classroom-based experimental study used one-way MANCOVA to examine the effect of scaffolded concept maps in promoting learning outcomes. The result showed that the scaffolded concept map group significantly outperformed the non-scaffolded concept map group on multiple-choice knowledge transfer while controlling for the pretest. However, for the free recall response questions, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The implications and future directions are discussed.
GLASS AND CRYSTALLINE VANADIUM OXIDES FOR USE AS POSITIVE ELECTRODES IN LITHIUM AND ZINC METAL BATTERIES
Creators: name: Kindle, Michael L
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ceramics
Energy Storage
Glass
Vanadium Oxides
Batteries

description: The focus of this work is looking at and understanding various vanadate materials and their applications in energy storage. Specifically, the use of vanadium oxides with lithium-based battery chemistries. Vanadium oxides have been investigated as a quaternary glass system with Li2O, B2O3 and Al2O3 additions while V2O5 is the main component. Deep structural investigation of this glass and heat-treated glass-ceramic was done with various techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, X-ray Diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance. These materials glass and glass-ceramic materials were also investigated electrochemically and were shown to have reasonable performance with the glass out-performing glass-ceramics on stability. The vanadium glass shows much promise as a reversible cathode for lithium metal batteries but dissolution with the electrolyte is a limiting factor. Vanadium oxides in the vanadium bronze structure found in the glass-ceramic are synthesized separately are also used in a scoping study for use in aqueous based Zinc-ion battery chemistries. Vanadium has shown a unique ability to accept a wide range of ionic species. This combined with its relative abundance makes it a key candidate to fulfill many energy storage demands from grid energy to portable electronics. However, better mechanistic understanding of the intercalation reaction as well as electrolyte stability must be addressed for both lithium and zinc systems if vanadium oxides are to be used commercially.
THE PERKS OF STRESS: CHARACTERIZING THE ROLE OF THE PERK-EIF2α PATHWAY IN TICK-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS
Creators: name: Hurtado, Joanna
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Integrated stress response
Ixodes scapularis
Stress granules
Tickborne pathogens
Vector competence

description: The North American deer tick, Ixodes scapularis, is a medically important arthropod that can transmit up to seven different pathogens, including Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (human granulocytic anaplasmosis). Yet, it is unclear why I. scapularis can transmit such a wide range of pathogens. Vector competence, a vector’s ability to acquire, maintain, and transmit pathogens, is influenced by a variety of factors, including the arthropod innate immune system. Identifying factors that disrupt tick-pathogen interactions can aid in reducing pathogen transmission to human and animal hosts. In mammals, stress response pathways are closely intertwined with immune signaling. Whether stress response pathways influence vector competence of ticks is unknown. Stress granules (SGs), a stress response mechanism, may potentially interfere with tick-pathogen interactions. During cellular stress, a stress-sensing kinase, such as PERK (PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) phosphorylates eIF2α and causes SG formation. SGs can act as an antimicrobial defense mechanism that prevents viral replication or can become signaling hubs that sequester molecules to modulate immune responses. We hypothesized that the PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway influences vector competence of I. scapularis through the production of SGs. In this study, we showed that the PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway, a branch of the integrated stress response, is activated during B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum infection. By silencing perk and eif2α expression in vitro and in vivo, we demonstrated that the PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway is beneficial for bacterial colonization. We also knocked down SG genes (pabp1, g3bp1, and tia1) important for SG formation, and found that tia1 significantly reduced bacterial load in vitro, whereas g3bp1 and pabp1 promoted colonization. These data indicates that TIA1 is benefiting bacterial colonization, however it is unclear if it is through SG formation. Altogether, our data suggests that the PERK-eIF2α pathway influences I. scapularis acquisition of tick-borne pathogens. This is evidence that stress response mechanisms impact vector competence of ticks.
Micromechanical modeling of joining and manufacturing processes
Creators: name: Kovacevic, Sasa
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: diffusion bonding
diffusional creep
interfacial energy
mass transport
sintering
Materials Science

description: Diffusion bonding and advanced additive manufacturing produce parts applicable in a wide range of industries, extending from electronics and nuclear applications to the manufacturing of various engineering and aerospace components. Characteristics and homogenization of diffusion-bonded joints rely on many parameters of the process. 3D printing depends on particle sintering as one of the key process steps. However, the micromechanics of diffusion bonding and additive manufacturing is not well understood. The joining method produces residual stresses and defects in the joint so that the joint typically represents a weak link in applications. Sintering often results in parts that deviate from the intended shape, which is a major obstacle to realizing the potential of 3D printing technology. We address the mechanics and physical mechanisms, including the underlying driving forces, responsible for joint homogenization in diffusion bonding of ceramics and shape distortion in sintering. We consider diffusion bonding of ceramics with a metallic interlayer. The key process for joint homogenization is the diffusion of carbon from the carbide phase into the metallic interlayer, which when the critical carbon concentration is reached, initiates the phase transformation of the metallic interlayer to carbide structure. We show that the driving force for carbon diffusion is the interfacial energy dependence on the carbon concentration jump across the metal-ceramic interface.
description: 3D printing of nanoparticles is used to study shape distortion in nonhomogeneous sintering. Freestanding microstructures such as pillars and walls are considered. Experiments show that sintering-induced distortion produces no porosity gradients in distorted parts, revealing that a mass transport mechanism must exist. Two physical mechanisms for mass transport in nonhomogeneous are identified. A macroscopic continuum theory that accounts for mass transfer and applicable to both mechanisms is formulated. The model predicts transient and permanent deformation during nonhomogeneous sintering and exhibits numerical consistency with the experimental data.
description: In addition to diffusion bonding and nonhomogeneous sintering, we develop the computational framework for diffusional creep of single grain crystals using the lattice continuum formulation. The model is tested and applied on various grain sizes, applied stresses, governing processes, and compared with the classical theory for diffusional creep.
Distributed Optimization Algorithms for Power Sharing in Networked Islanded Microgrid Systems
Creators: name: Hoenstine Cannon, Andrew Ian
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Distributed control
Microgrid
Power sharing
Optimization

description: Accurate reactive power sharing is an important control goal in islanded microgrid systems. This thesis presents several algorithms based on optimization theory that allow reactive power to be shared evenly among various energy resources while respecting power and voltage constraints. Simulations demonstrate that distributed algorithms can share reactive power in grid-forming microgrid systems, and that convergence to an optimal solution can be sped up using second-derivative methods without requiring more information than in slow methods already proposed. Additionally, simulations show that voltage and reactive power constraints can be included in the formulation while maintaining sharing accuracy.
Microstate Analysis in Infancy
Creators: name: Brown, Kara Lea
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Electroencephelography
Infancy
Microstates

description: The infant brain undergoes significant foundational and structural growth in the first year of life that has lasting impacts on the adult brain (Gilmore, Knickmeyer, & Gao, 2018). It has become evident that functional networks, rather than isolated structures, are what drive cognition (Biswal et al., 1995; Raichle et al., 2001). Additionally, the resting state has emerged as a complex cognitive phenomenon. These major shifts in neuroscientific paradigms have led to much research in connectivity and global brain networks. Most of the research has examined this global connectivity using fMRI. However, there are limitations that accompany fMRI, such as lack of temporal resolution and required stillness, that impact the ability to examine connective networks, especially in infancy. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides answers to these limitations, as EEG has superior temporal specificity and has less importance in remaining completely motionless, allowing for greater ecological validity. EEG also has the capability to examine both local and global aspects of brain activity. Microstate analysis is an emerging method for investigating global connections. Microstates have been colloquially referred to as the “atom of thought,” meaning that from these underlying resting-state microstates comes cognition and neural processing (Lehmann et al., 1998). The present study examines microstates across the second half of the first year of life, at 6, 8, and 10 months of age. It is hypothesized that infants will show distinct microstates that can be compared to previous adult literature. In addition to microstate topography, two-way mixed methods analysis of variance will be used to compare microstate parameters (duration, frequency, coverage, and amplitude) across microstate topographies within each age group and across the three age groups. This line of research could act as a foundation for microstates research across the lifespan and is necessary to understand their emergence and the underlying resting state networks. Upon this foundation, many questions can be answered regarding connective states in infancy that would be impossible with currently utilized methods, such as stimulus tasks and a wakeful resting state.
HIGH-PROTEIN MODIFIED TRANSUDATE ABDOMINAL EFFUSION IN DOGS: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE PILOT STUDY OF THE DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF EFFUSION PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS
Creators: name: Reber, Antonella
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021

description: In dogs, high-protein modified transudates (HPMT) are primarily a result of post-hepatic disease, such as right-sided congestive heart failure or pericardial disease, lesions obstructing blood flow from the hepatic veins or caudal vena cava into the right side of the heart or rarely post-sinusoidal diseases within the liver itself. This type of effusion is attributed to increased hydrostatic pressure within the liver sinusoids and has a relatively high-protein concentration believed to reflect contributions of protein-rich hepatic lymph. From this unique pathophysiologic mechanism, the assumption can be made that the protein in this type of abdominal effusion could have a particular distribution that influences the pattern of a protein electrophoretogram. In this prospective comparative pilot study, we hypothesized that the protein electrophoretogram of a HPMT abdominal effusion would have its own unique pattern compared to other types of abdominal effusion. A total of nineteen abdominal effusion samples were analyzed by electrophoresis. Electrophoretograms from HPMT and exudate were compared to determine if there was a predictable electrophoretogram pattern that characterized post-hepatic HPMT. A statistically significant difference was identified in the absolute concentration of the total protein (p=0.045), of the albumin (p=0.015) and the proportion of albumin (p=0.047). These values were higher in the HPMT group than the exudate group. Statistically significant differences were also identified in the proportion of alpha2 (p=0.014) and beta globulins (p= 0.035). These values were higher in the exudate group than the HPMT group. When removing cases with presumed intra-abdominal disease from the HPMT group, a significant difference was only seen in the absolute concentration of albumin (p=0.01) and the proportion of albumin (p=0.033) and alpha2 globulins (p=0.031). The absolute concentration and proportion of albumin were still higher in the HPMT group than the exudate group and the proportion of alpha2 globulins was also still higher in the exudate group than the HPMT group. In conclusion, these results can give the clinician some guidance on the possible type of fluid but make it difficult to predict that a type of fluid such as a HPMT can be diagnosed solely through an electrophoresis analysis.