cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Empirically testing privacy in machine learning : A review and some challenges
Creators: name: Hafner, Flavio
name: Sun, Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: How reliably do synthetic data from machine learning generators protect the privacy of the original data? We first review the empirical testing of privacy in machine learning, focusing on the intuitions for and assumptions behind such tests. We then discuss whether and how these tests could be used when evaluating generative algorithms for deployment at statistical agencies and in the health care system. Privacy audits assume strong adversaries and can identify bugs in the training algorithm. They could become standard in ensuring that a trained algorithm satisfies the level of privacy protection specified before training. Membership inference attacks, in contrast, assume realistic threat scenarios, but they do not scale in the size of the training data. Because these attacks can consider the specific context in which a privacy-preserving algorithm is released, they could be informative for practitioners---if the scaling challenge is solved. We suggest some ideas for future work and discussion in this direction.
Dialogue Possibilities between a Human Supervisor and UAM Air Traffic Management: Route Alteration
Creators: name: Kim, Jeongseok
name: Kim, Kangjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel approach to detour management in Urban Air Traffic Management (UATM) using knowledge representation and reasoning. It aims to understand the complexities and requirements of UAM detours, enabling a method that quickly identifies safe and efficient routes in a carefully sampled environment. This method implemented in Answer Set Programming uses non-monotonic reasoning and a two-phase conversation between a human manager and the UATM system, considering factors like safety and potential impacts. The robustness and efficacy of the proposed method were validated through several queries from two simulation scenarios, contributing to the symbiosis of human knowledge and advanced AI techniques. The paper provides an introduction, citing relevant studies, problem formulation, solution, discussions, and concluding comments.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, accepted to the Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AAIML) journal
Rhinoptera jayakari Boulenger 1895
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Rhinoptera
Rhinoptera jayakari

description: Rhinoptera jayakari Boulenger, 1895
Oman Cownose Ray
Rhinoptera jayakari Boulenger, 1895: 141. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1894.3.21.13 (skin). Type locality: Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean.
Local synonymy: Rhinoptera javanica: Smith, 1952d: 1020; Smith, 1961a: 504, fig. 77a; Wallace, 1967c: 23, fig. 11; Compagno, 1986: 133, fig. 28.4; Compagno et al., 1989: 114, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 118; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 87; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148. Rhinoptera jayakari: Last et al., 2016l: 736, fig. 32.4; Weigmann, 2016: 988.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 7855 [ex ORI], SAIAB 7857 [ex ORI B646], SAIAB 7858 [ex ORI B347] (All SAIAB specimens accessioned as Rhinoptera javanica).
South African distribution: Amanzimtoti (south of Durban) to KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: The only Rhinoptera species in South Africa, previous records referred to R. javanica, which does not occur off East or South Africa. Rhinoptera jayakari only marginally occurs in South African waters off KZN.
Conservation status: NE.
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 99, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Quantum Information Measures in Quartic and Symmetric Potentials using perturbative approach
Creators: name: Ojha, Vikash Kumar
name: Radhakrishnan, Ramkumar
name: Ughradar, Mariyah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Shannon and Fisher information measures for systems subjected to quartic and symmetric potential wells. The wave functions are obtained by solving the time-independent Schrödinger equation, using aspects of perturbation theory. We examine how the information for various quantum states evolves with changes in the width of the potential well. For both potentials, the Shannon entropy decreases in position space and increases in momentum space as the width increases, maintaining a constant sum of entropies, consistent with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. The Fisher information measure shows different behaviors for the two potentials: it remains nearly constant for the quartic potential. For the symmetric well potential, the Fisher information decreases in position space and increases in momentum space as localization in position space increases, also consistent with the analogue of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Additionally, the Bialynicki-Birula-Mycielski inequality is evaluated across various cases and is confirmed to hold in each instance.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
Mobula Rafinesque 1810
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula

description: Genus Mobula Rafinesque, 1810b
Devil Rays
Mobula Rafinesque, 1810b: 48, 61. Type species: Mobula auriculata Rafinesque, 1810b (= Raia mobular Bonnaterre, 1788); by monotypy (also by absolute tautonymy).
Remarks: The genus Mobula is poorly known in South African waters due to revisions to the genus and misidentification of individual species (Hosegood et al., 2020). A comprehensive review of those species occurring in South African waters and their distributional limits is wanting.
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Mobula alfredi
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula alfredi

description: Mobula alfredi (Krefft, 1868)
Reef Manta Ray
Deratoptera alfredi Krefft, 1868: 3–9, fig. Holotype: AMS I.1731 (stuffed). Type locality: Watson Bay, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Local synonymy: Manta alfredi: Marshall et al., 2009: 13, figs. 9–14; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 97, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 981. Mobula alfredi: White & Last, 2016c: 742, fig. 33.1; Stevens et al., 2018: 70, figs.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 7885.
South African distribution: Durban (KZN) and north to the Mozambique border.
Remarks: Formerly in the genus Manta, White et al. (2018), using morphological and molecular data, concluded that there was no significant difference between the genera Manta and Mobula. Since Mobula is the older name and takes precendence, the two recognized species formerly in the genus Manta were reassigned to the genus Mobula (White et al., 2018). Marshall et al. (2009) resurrected Mobula (= Manta) alfredi as distinct from Mobula birostris. Prior to this species being resurrected, the name M. birostris was widely used throughout the WIO, with historical records likely including both species.
Conservation status: VU (2019).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Imaging-assisted single-photon Doppler-free laser spectroscopy and the ionization energy of metastable triplet helium
Creators: name: Clausen, Gloria
name: Scheidegger, Simon
name: Agner, Josef A.
name: Schmutz, Hansjürg
name: Merkt, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skimmed supersonic beams provide intense, cold, collision-free samples of atoms and molecules are one of the most widely used tools in atomic and molecular laser spectroscopy. High-resolution optical spectra are typically recorded in a perpendicular arrangement of laser and supersonic beams to minimize Doppler broadening. Typical Doppler widths are nevertheless limited to tens of MHz by the residual transverse-velocity distribution in the gas-expansion cones. We present an imaging method to overcome this limitation which exploits the correlation between the positions of the atoms and molecules in the supersonic expansion and their transverse velocities - and thus their Doppler shifts. With the example of spectra of $(1\mathrm{s})(n\mathrm{p})\,^3\mathrm{P}_{0-2}\leftarrow (1\mathrm{s})(2\mathrm{s})\,^3\mathrm{S}_1$ transitions to high Rydberg states of metastable triplet He, we demonstrate the suppression of the residual Doppler broadening and a reduction of the full linewidths at half maximum to only about 1 MHz in the UV. Using a retro-reflection arrangement for the laser beam and a cross-correlation method, we determine Doppler-free spectra without any signal loss from the selection, by imaging, of atoms within ultranarrow transverse-velocity classes. As an illustration, we determine the ionization energy of triplet metastable He and confirm the significant discrepancy between recent experimental (Clausen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 093001 (2021)) and high-level theoretical (Patkós et al., Phys. Rev. A 103 042809 (2021)) values of this quantity.
title: Airborne and Ground-Based Geophysical Screening of Potential Brine Infiltration Sites, Runnels County, Texas
Creators: name: Paine, Jeffrey G.
name: Dutton, Alan R.
name: Blum, Martina U.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Brine infiltration
subject: Runnels County
subject: Texas
subject: geophysical surveys
subject: airborne geophysics
subject: groundwater contamination
subject: environmental monitoring
subject: salt water intrusion

description: Salinization of soil, surface water, and groundwater is a chronic environmental and agricultural problem in many parts of Texas. In this study of a 91 km^2 area near Ballinger in Runnels County, Texas, we integrated results from high-resolution airborne and ground-based geophysical surveys, water and soil sampling, and chemical analyses to locate near-surface concentrations of saline water and determine their origin. Possible salinity sources are upward movement of brine along natural conduits (faults, fractures, joints, and permeable stratigraphic units), downward migration from surface brine pits, leaking oil and gas wells, and evaporative concentration of shallow groundwater as a result of agricultural practices. A prime goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the method in locating leaking wells and distinguishing them from other salinity sources. This project represents a coordinated and cooperative effort between the Railroad Commission of Texas (RRC), the Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) and its airborne geophysical subcontractor Dighem I-Power, the Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA), and the Colorado River Municipal Water District (CRMWD).
INTERNAL AUDIT METHODS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
Creators: name: Elov, Olimdjon
name: Mamajonov, Mansurbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Internal audit is a department or organization within a company tasked with the impartial and independent analysis of systems, business organizations, and processes. The role of the internal audit department is to provide senior management and governing bodies with an objective source of information regarding: The organization's risks, The control environment, Operational efficiency, Compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
Solidarity or self-reliance? German mainstream party ideology and the European integration of core state powers
Creators: name: Freudlsperger, Christian
name: Weinrich, Martin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The crises of core state power integration have produced two ideal-typical ideas of the EU polity. The regulatory polity encourages national self-reliance and regards EU institutions as rule enforcers. The redistributive polity builds on transnational solidarity and the creation of EU-level capacities used for burden-sharing. We study the politics of this development on mainstream parties in Germany, a least-likely case for EU polarization and support for the redistributive polity. We analyse 1,594 policy positions taken in the Bundestag between 2002 and 2019. Employing logistic regression, we show that German mainstream parties’ integrationist consensus is perforated by disagreements about the nature of the EU. Whereas mainstream left parties embrace solidarity, mainstream right parties cling to self-reliance even in crises. Our paper demonstrates that mainstream parties’ socio-economic positions remain relevant for their substantive EU support and that this rift provides voters with a meaningful choice between different normative conceptions of the EU.
Supplementary material
Creators: name: Yan, Mengzhi
name: Zhao, Junlei
name: Song, Ying
name: Dong, Bing
name: Duan, Yifei
name: Wang, Jianshi
name: Sun, Qingqing
name: Xu, Zongwei
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supporting Information
Mobula birostris
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Mobulidae
Mobula
Mobula birostris

description: Mobula birostris (Walbaum, 1792)
Giant Manta Ray
Raja birostris Walbaum, 1792: 535. Types: No types known. Type locality: No locality stated in description.
Local synonymy: Manta ehrenbergi: Barnard, 1925: 87; Fowler, 1934b: 409, figs. 2–3; Barnard, 1959: 29, figs. 9–9a, pl. 4. Manta birostris: Smith, 1949a: 73, fig. 88; Wallace, 1967c: 13, fig. 6; Compagno, 1986: 134, fig. 29.1, pl. 5; Compagno et al., 1989: 116, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 118; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 88; Marshall et al., 2009: 4, figs. 1–7; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 99, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 981. Mobula birostris: White & Last, 2016c: 743, fig. 33.2; Stevens et al., 2018: 74, figs.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 7885, SAIAB 48525, SAIAB 75575, SAIAB 75576, SAIAB 200672, SAIAB 200673, SAIAB 200674.
South African distribution: Table Bay (WC) to the KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: Mobula birostris appears to occur in the more temperate waters of the WC compared to M. alfredi, which appears to be more restricted to the warmer waters of the KZN coast.
Conservation status: EN (2020).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Immigration and welfare state sustainability: whose perception is affected by fiscal cost cues?
Creators: name: Finseraas, Henning
name: Haugsgjerd, Atle
name: Kumlin, Staffan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Who reacts politically to fiscally costly immigration? A political economy tradition holds that reactions depend on economic self-interest, whereas a social psychology tradition emphasizes generalized political orientations and trust. Past work largely leans in favor of the latter tradition. We make three contributions. First, our dependent variable is a concrete perception of welfare state sustainability, arguably better suited to capture self-interest. Second, both the political economy- and social psychology traditions have been studied narrowly; we separate between multiple interests (including economic local context), and compare several types of trust orientations. Third, we use machine learning methods well-suited to analyze treatment heterogeneity in a randomized survey experiment. We find support for both interest-based and social psychological explanations. As for the latter, what matters is not only, or even mainly, orientations/trust related to immigration. Rather, generalized political distrust strongly regulates when costly immigration cues trigger welfare sustainability worries.
Civil liberties or economic freedom? The political space of Internet policy in the European Parliament, 1999–2014
Creators: name: Heermann, Max
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: The Internet has become central to economic exchange and political communication, placing regulatory initiatives high on European policy agendas. What cleavages shape the political conflicts surrounding Internet policy? I argue that proposals to regulate the Internet frequently affect not only economic interests but also the civil liberties of citizens in the online environment. Political parties must therefore balance their stance on market regulation and their socio-cultural preferences on the ‘liberal-authoritarian’ dimension of political contestation. To explore party competition on Internet policy in the European Union, I analyse all Internet policy roll-call votes in the European Parliament from 1999 to 2014. Ideal point estimation shows that political competition in this policy field is best explained by the ‘liberal-authoritarian’ dimension. Reinforcing this finding, two case studies illustrate how civil liberty concerns motivate left-wing parties and the liberal party group to form voting coalitions despite diverging economic preferences.
Mobula eregoodoo
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula eregoodoo

description: Mobula eregoodoo (Bleeker, 1859)
Pygmy Devil Ray
Dicerobatis eregoodoo Cantor, 1849: 1420. No types. Type locality: Penang, Malaysia. Neotype: CAS 56095. Type locality: Gulf of Siam off Cambodia, about 1 mile east of Goh Choaw and 10–12 miles SSE of Koh Kong, 11°00'N – 11°05'N, 103°03'30"E – 103°05'E.
Local synonymy: Mobula eregoodootenkee: Compagno, 1999: 118; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 101, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 981; Stevens et al., 2018: 78, figs. Mobula eregoodoo: Notarbartolo di Sciara et al., 2020: 104, fig. 1.
South Africa voucher material: None.
South African distribution: Durban (KZN) to the Mozambique border.
Remarks: This species has a confused taxonomic and nomenclatural history.A neotype (CAS 56095) was designated for Cephaloptera eregoodootenkee Bleeker, 1859, by Notarbartolo-di-Sciara (1987) for Cuvier 1829, which was considered an unneeded subsequent new name for Dicerobatis eregoodoo Cantor 1849 by Notarbartolo di Sciara et al. (2020). White et al. (2018) concluded that it was a synonym of M. kuhlii, however Notarbartolo di Sciara et al. (2020) consider these to be separate species. These authors also clarified the name as M. eregoodoo.
Conservation status: EN (2020).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on pages 100-101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
title: Vom Protest zur Kommunalpolitik – Die Gründungsgeschichte des Ortsverbandes der GRÜNEN in Telgte
Creators: name: Crne, Christine
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 943 Germany and neighboring central European countries

description: 1. Zeittafel
2. Einleitung
3. Zeitgeschichtlicher Kontext:
3.1. Ein "Ende des Booms", politischer Wandel und die Sorge um die Umwelt – die gesamtgesellschaftlichen Bedingungen für die Zeiten des Wandels in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren
3.1.1. Die Anti-AKW-Bewegung als Teil der Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen
3.1.2. Eine weitere Neue Soziale Bewegung: Die Friedensbewegung
4. Die Bedeutung von Ein-Punkt-Bewegungen und Neuen sozialen Bewegungen für die Entstehung der Grünen
5. Die Bedeutung von Ein-Punkt-Bewegungen und Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen für die Gründung des Ortsverbandes der Grünen in Telgte
5.1. Ein-Punkt-Bewegungen in Telgte
5.1.1. Der Konflikt um die Umgehungsstraße Interessengemeinschaft Emsesch
Bürgerinitiative "Stop Durchgangsverkehr"
Bürgerinitiative "Orkotten"
Der Konflikt um die Umgehungsstraße – Fazit
5.1.2. Altstadtsanierung: Der Konflikt um den Erhalt von Grabenstraße und Voßhof
Bürgerinitiative Grabenstraße/Nachbarschaftsgemeinschaft Grabenstraße-Voßhof
Der Konflikt um den Erhalt von Grabenstraße und Voßhof – Fazit
5.1.3. Interessengemeinschaft Wagnerstraße
5.1.4. Der Konflikt um die Umgehung des Gemeindeteils Westbevern-Vadrup/ Aus-bau der L 588
Bürgerinitiative Westbevern-Vadrup-Mitte
Interessengemeinschaft Westbevern-Vadrup
5.1.5. Der Konflikt um eine Umgehung des Gemeindeteils Westbevern
Bürgerinitiative Westbevern-Dorf
Bürgerinitiative Westbevern-Dorf zur ungeteilten Erhaltung des
Die Gründung des Ortsverbandes der Grünen in Telgte
Naherholungsgebietes und Landschaftsschutzgebietes um Haus Langen
5.1.6. Interessengemeinschaft Nathmanns Heide
5.2. Ein-Punkt-Bewegungen in Telgte - Fazit
5.3. Neue soziale Bewegungen in Telgte
5.3.1. Die Jugendzentrumsbewegung
Die Jugendzentrumsbewegung – Fazit
5.3.2. Der Arbeitskreis "Frieden"/die Friedensinitiative Telgte
Der Arbeitskreis "Frieden"/die Friedensinitiative Telgte – Fazit
6. Die Gründungsphase des Ortsverbandes der Grünen in Telgte
7. Fazit
8. Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis
The mass media, welfare state reforms, and electoral punishment
Creators: name: Thurm, Stefanie
name: Wenzelburger, Georg
name: Jensen, Carsten
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The question to what extent voters punish governments for cutting the welfare state is an unsettled issue in social policy research. Our contribution addresses this shortcoming by systematically analyzing how media reporting about legislative changes to the welfare state affects the public agenda and citizens’ vote intentions while controlling for the influence of actual cutbacks and expansions. In our analysis we examine the case of Germany from 1994 to 2014; a period where major cutbacks but also significant expansions to the German welfare state occurred. We find that mass media reporting about pension cutbacks is associated with a drop in government approval, whereas the reaction to expansive legislative changes is muted. We also find that the relationship of media reporting and government approval strongly depends on who is in government with the social democrats being punished harder than the Christian democrats.
Mobula kuhlii
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula kuhlii

description: Mobula kuhlii (Müller & Henle, 1841)
Shortfin Devil Ray
Cephaloptera kuhlii Valenciennes in M̹ller & Henle, 1841: 185, pl. 59 (left). Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1596. Type locality: India.
Local synonymy: Mobula kuhlii: Barnard, 1925: 86, fig. 2, pl. 5; Barnard, 1959: 28, fig. 8, pl. 4; Compagno et al., 1989: 116, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 118; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 982; White & Last, 2016c: 745, fig. 33.4; Stevens et al., 2018: 86, figs. Mobula diabolus: Smith, 1943: 75; Smith, 1949a: 72, fig. 87; Compagno, 1986: 135, fig. 29.2.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 4361, SAIAB 7883, SAIAB 7884, SAIAB 12821, SAIAB 13337, SAIAB 44353, SAIAB 75577, SAIAB 75578, SAIAB 75579, SAIAB 207689.
South African distribution: Port Alfred (EC) to northern KZN.
Remarks: The specific identification in Barnard (1925) was provisional based only on the color of a specimen cast and the fact that M. kuhlii had previously been recorded in Zanzibar. The proportions of the cephalic lobes in the drawing (Barnard, 1925: pl. 5) are suggestive of M. kuhlii (see Notarbartolo di Sciara et al., 2020, fig. 3). See Remarks under M. eregoodoo for relationship with that species.
Conservation status: EN (2020).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
The varying effect of court-curbing: evidence from Hungary and Poland
Creators: name: Aydin-Cakir, Aylin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: With the rise of populism, we frequently witness how elected governments try to limit judicial power by using different means. Comparing the court-curbing policies used by the Fidesz government in Hungary and the PiS government in Poland, this study has two objectives. First, it aims to explain whether different court-curbing policies effect judicial independence differently. Using synthetic control method, I find that the predominant use of informal court-curbing policies erodes judicial independence much more extensively compared to the predominant use of formal court-curbing policies. The second objective is to provide and empirically test the causal explanation for this effect. I argue that when the incumbent tries to weaken the judiciary mostly through informal court-curbing, this might instigate public discontent and jeopardize the judiciary's legitimacy in the short run. However, when the government tries to restructure the judiciary via constitutional reforms, the legitimacy of the ‘new’ judicial system might not be questioned by the public. Supporting these hypotheses, the empirical results show that while the court-curbing attempts of the PiS government reduced public confidence in the judiciary by almost 15 percent, we do not see a significant decline in the Hungarian case where mostly formal court-curbing was used.
On Using Admissible Bounds for Learning Forward Search Heuristics
Creators: name: Núñez-Molina, Carlos
name: Asai, Masataro
name: Mesejo, Pablo
name: Fernández-Olivares, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8

description: In recent years, there has been growing interest in utilizing modern machine learning techniques to learn heuristic functions for forward search algorithms. Despite this, there has been little theoretical understanding of what they should learn, how to train them, and why we do so. This lack of understanding has resulted in the adoption of diverse training targets (suboptimal vs optimal costs vs admissible heuristics) and loss functions (e.g., square vs absolute errors) in the literature. In this work, we focus on how to effectively utilize the information provided by admissible heuristics in heuristic learning. We argue that learning from poly-time admissible heuristics by minimizing mean square errors (MSE) is not the correct approach, since its result is merely a noisy, inadmissible copy of an efficiently computable heuristic. Instead, we propose to model the learned heuristic as a truncated gaussian, where admissible heuristics are used not as training targets but as lower bounds of this distribution. This results in a different loss function from the MSE commonly employed in the literature, which implicitly models the learned heuristic as a gaussian distribution. We conduct experiments where both MSE and our novel loss function are applied to learning a heuristic from optimal plan costs. Results show that our proposed method converges faster during training and yields better heuristics.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Why courts are the life buoys of migrant rights: anti-immigrant pressure, variation in judicial independence, and asylum recognition rates
Creators: name: Zaun, Natascha
name: Leroch, Martin
name: Thielemann, Eiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A rise in anti-immigrant pressure can reduce asylum recognition rates, irrespective of individuals’ protection needs. Independent courts, which often act as a safeguard of migrant rights vis-à-vis such pressures, have been subject to increasing political interference. Yet, we know very little about how variation in the level of judicial independence – especially among lower courts – affects policy outcomes. In this paper, we assess the impact of anti-immigrant pressure and judicial independence on first and final instance refugee status determination decisions across 28 European Union member states over a ten-year period (2008–2018). We find that the relative independence of courts makes the biggest difference in asylum recognition rates at first and final instance when levels of anti-immigrant pressure are particularly high. This effect can be demonstrated not just regarding asylum appeals, but also for first instance decisions, suggesting that independent courts can have a liberal ‘foreshadowing effect’ on national asylum agencies.
Mobula mobular
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula mobular

description: Mobula mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788)
Giant Devil Ray
Raia mobular Bonnaterre, 1788: 5. No types known. Type locality: Montredon, near Marseille, France, western Mediterranean Sea.
Local synonymy: Mobula japanica: Compagno, 1999: 118; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 103, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 982.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB uncatalogued.
South African distribution: East of Port Alfred (EC) and the KZN coast.
Remarks: White et al. (2018) synonymized Mobula mobular (previously considered a Mediterranean Sea endemic) with M. japonica with precedence given to the name M. mobular. Records from off South Africa are not well documented.
Conservation status: EN (2020).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Bread or roses? Trade unions, female employment and the expansion of work-family policies
Creators: name: Cigna, Luca Michele
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: In the Fordist era, trade unions promoted welfare state expansion and coverage against risks for the broader workforce. With the shift to the post-industrial economy, however, new economic groups have been left without representation. This is particularly evident for women: despite a rapid increase in female employment since the 1980s, unions’ membership base remains anchored in the male, old and industrial working class. Without the crucial pressure of labour, welfare systems have failed to enhance the reconciliation of work and family life. Under which conditions do unions support the expansion of work-family policies? Marshalling evidence from 20 OECD countries in the 1980–2010 period, this paper investigates the role of political actors in family policy reform. Findings suggest that unions promote the expansion of work-family packages when they are gender-inclusive and have institutional access to policy-making.
Mobula tarapacana
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula tarapacana

description: Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1892)
Sicklefin Devilray
Cephaloptera tarapacana Philippi, 1892: 8, pl. 3(fig.2). Holoype (unique): lost. Type locality: 12 miles west of Iquique, Tarapacà Province, Chile, southeastern Pacific.
Local synonymy: Mobula tarapacana: Compagno et al., 1989: 118, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 118; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 105, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 982; White & Last, 2016c: 748, fig. 33.7; Stevens et al., 2018: 102, figs.
South Africa voucher material: None.
South African distribution: Jeffreys Bay (EC) to KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: The distribution of this species is patchy with only scattered records in the WIO, including South African waters.
Conservation status: EN (2019).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Data for the paper "Machine learning thermodynamic perturbation theory offers accurate activation free energies at the RPA level for alkene isomerization in zeolites" autori J. Rey, M. Badawi, D. Rocca, C. Chizallet a T. Bucko
Creators: name: Bucko, Tomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: DFT
subject: free energy
subject: Catalysis
subject: molecular dynamics

description: Here we provide the data and software tools needed to reproduce the free energy results presented in Table 2 of the paper: 

Machine learning thermodynamic perturbation theory offers accurate activation free energies at the RPA level for alkene isomerization in zeolitesby Jérôme Rey, Michael Badawi, Dario Rocca, Céline Chizallet, and Tomáš Bučko

The structural data are provided in VASP POSCAR and vasprun.xml file formats (for details see https://www.vasp.at/wiki/index.php/The_VASP_Manual) while potential energies obtained in production runs at PBE+D2 level or in training at different levels of theory are provided as simple two-column data files (production*.dat and target*.dat) where the first column represents the ID number of configuration (the order in which the configuration appeared in MD-generated trajectory) and the second column is the corresponding potential energy in eV.  

The software tools are written in python 3 and require the following additional packages:

numpy

scipy

dscribe 

mpi4py 

sklearn

lxml

More details and description of the basic workflow needed to reproduce results of Table 2 in the above mentioned paper are provided in the file README.
Mobula thurstoni
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Myliobatiformes
Myliobatidae
Mobula
Mobula thurstoni

description: Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908)
Bentfin Devil Ray
Dicerobatis thurstoni Lloyd, 1908: 179, fig. 3, pl. 4 (fig. 2). Syntypes: Madras Museum (whereabouts unknown). Type locality: India.
Local synonymy: Mobula thurstoni: Compagno et al., 1989: 118, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 118; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 107, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Weigmann, 2016: 982; White & Last, 2016c: 749, fig. 33.8; Stevens et al., 2018: 106, figs.
South Africa voucher material: None.
South African distribution: Algoa Bay (EC) to KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: Records on the occurrence of Mobula species in South African waters should be re-examined and reviewed to clarify the status of those occurring in these waters.
Conservation status: EN (2019).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
On Correcting Errors in Existing Mathematical Approaches for UAV Trajectory Design Considering No-Fly-Zones
Creators: name: Heo, Kanghyun
name: Park, Gitae
name: Lee, Kisong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Motivated by the fact that current mathematical methods for the trajectory design of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) considering no-fly-zones (NFZs) cannot perfectly avoid NFZs throughout the entire continuous trajectory, this study introduces a new constraint that ensures the complete avoidance of NFZs. Moreover, we provide mathematical proof demonstrating that a UAV operating within the proposed constraints will never violate NFZs. Under the proposed constraint on NFZs, we aim to optimize the scheduling, transmit power, length of the time slot, and the trajectory of the UAV to maximize the minimum throughput among ground nodes without violating NFZs. To find the optimal UAV strategy from the non-convex optimization problem formulated here, we use various optimization techniques, in this case quadratic transform, successive convex approximation, and the block coordinate descent algorithm. Simulation results confirm that the proposed constraint prevents NFZs from being violated over the entire trajectory in any scenario. Furthermore, the proposed scheme shows significantly higher throughput than the baseline scheme using the traditional NFZ constraint by achieving a zero outage probability due to NFZ violations.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Callorhinchus Lacepede 1798
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Holocephali
Chimaeriformes
Callorhinchidae
Callorhinchus

description: Genus Callorhinchus Lacèpede, 1798
Elephantfishes
Callorhinchus Lacèpede, 1798: 400. Type species: Chimaera callorynchus Linnaeus, 1758, type by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Refine Neutrino Events Reconstruction with BEiT-3
Creators: name: Li, Chen
name: Cai, Hao
name: Jiang, Xianyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino Events Reconstruction has always been crucial for IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In the Kaggle competition "IceCube -- Neutrinos in Deep Ice", many solutions use Transformer. We present ISeeCube, a pure Transformer model based on TorchScale (the backbone of BEiT-3). When having relatively same amount of total trainable parameters, our model outperforms the 2nd place solution. By using TorchScale, the lines of code drop sharply by about 80% and a lot of new methods can be tested by simply adjusting configs. We compared two fundamental models for predictions on a continuous space, regression and classification, trained with MSE Loss and CE Loss respectively. We also propose a new metric, overlap ratio, to evaluate the performance of the model. Since the model is simple enough, it has the potential to be used for more purposes such as energy reconstruction, and many new methods such as combining it with GraphNeT can be tested more easily. The code and pretrained models are available at https://github.com/chenlinear/ISeeCube
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Callorhinchus capensis Dumeril 1865
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Holocephali
Chimaeriformes
Callorhinchidae
Callorhinchus
Callorhinchus capensis

description: Callorhinchus capensis Duméril, 1865
St Joseph
Callorhynchus capensis Duméril, 1865: 695, fig. 5, pl. 13. Syntypes: MNHN A-7981 (1), 4294 (1), plus 1 probably lost. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope, South Africa.
Local synonymy: Chimaera callorynchus: Linnaeus,1758:236 (in part:“ Habitat in Mari Aethiopico ”). Callorhynchus antarcticus: Bleeker, 1860b: 57; Gilchrist, 1902: 162; Thompson, 1914: 167; Gilchrist & Thompson, 1916: 290; von Bonde, 1923: 5. Callorhynchus capensis: Garman, 1904: 271, figs. 5–6, pl. 6; Garman, 1911: 99; Barnard, 1925: 96, fig. 6, pl. 5; Fowler, 1941: 507; Barnard, 1947: 31, fig. 2, pl. 5; Smith, 1949a: 77, fig. 95; Smith, 1965: 77, fig. 95; Smith & Smith, 1966: 35, fig. Callorhinchus capensis: Compagno, 1986: 147, fig. 34.1; Compagno et al., 1989: 120, pl.; Compagno et al., 1991: 109; Freer & Griffiths, 1993: 63; Compagno, 1999: 120; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 90; Didier et al., 2012: 100; Mann, 2013: 7; NPOA, 2013: 63; da Silva et al., 2015: 246; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 148; Walovich et al., 2015: 163; Didier, 2016: 1445; Weigmann, 2016: 1000.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 3956, SAIAB 8263, SAIAB 9785, SAIAB 9786, SAIAB 11020, SAIAB 11078, SAIAB 11936, SAIAB 12919, SAIAB 12993, SAIAB 16195, SAIAB 16727, SAIAB 19819, SAIAB 19820, SAIAB 19824, SAIAB 21886, SAIAB 21887, SAIAB 25195, SAIAB 25196, SAIAB 25197, SAIAB 25198, SAIAB 25199, SAIAB 25200, SAIAB 25201, SAIAB 25202, SAIAB 25203, SAIAB 25204, SAIAB 25205, SAIAB 25206, SAIAB 25207, SAIAB 25208, SAIAB 25209, SAIAB 26309, SAIAB 34589, SAIAB 34590, SAIAB 34591, SAIAB 35300, SAIAB 35888, SAIAB 38256, SAIAB 38681, SAIAB 40959, SAIAB 43842, SAIAB 48665, SAIAB 200716.
South African distribution: The Orange River (NC) to Durban (KZN).
Remarks: A regional endemic to southern Africa, its range extends into southern Namibia. This is one of the most common inshore chondrichthyan species between the Orange River and Cape Agulhas (Compagno et al., 1991).
Conservation status: LC (2020).
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Learning from precedent: how the British Brexit experience shapes nationalist rhetoric outside the UK
Creators: name: Martini, Marco
name: Walter, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: The liberal international order has recently come under increasing nationalist pressure, evidenced by a rise in nationalist demands to withdraw from international institutions. A growing literature examines the domestic economic, social, and political origins of this nationalist backlash against international institutions. However, less is known about the extent to which precedents of withdrawals of one country affect nationalist pressures for future withdrawals elsewhere. In this paper, we argue that initial withdrawal episodes provide new information about the feasibility and desirability of withdrawals to nationalist elites in other countries. Hence, we expect nationalists abroad to be either encouraged or deterred to follow a similar path – depending on the success of these precedents. We explore this argument in the context of the British withdrawal from the European Union (Brexit), which arguably marks the most significant withdrawal from an international institution to date. Based on a quantitative analyses of media reports in ten European countries, we show we show that nationalist parties in Europe increased or moderated the aggressiveness about their EU-related rhetoric as the ups and downs of the Brexit-drama unfolded. Our results suggest that precedents of nationalist withdrawals shape domestic politics well beyond the concerned countries themselves.
Chimaera Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Ebert, David A.
name: Wintner, Sabine P.
name: Kyne, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Holocephali
Chimaeriformes
Chimaeridae
Chimaera

description: Genus Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758
Rabbitfishes
Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758: 236. Type species: Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758, type by Linnaean tautonymy.
description: Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 103, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Exploiting lactic acid bacteria for colorectal cancer: a recent update
Creators: name: Chen, Yang
name: Yang, Bo
name: Zhao, Jianxin
name: Ross, R. Paul
name: Stanton, Catherine
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Currently, chemotherapy and radiotherapy used to treat CRC exhibit many side effects, hence, it is an urgent need to design effective therapies to prevent and treat CRC. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can regulate gut microbiota, intestinal immunity, and intestinal mechanical barrier, which is becoming a hot product for the prevention and treatment of CRC, whereas comprehensive reviews of their anti-CRC mechanisms are limited. This review systematically reveals the latest incidence, mortality, risk factors, and molecular mechanisms of CRC, then summarizes the roles of probiotics in alleviating CRC in animal and clinical studies and critically reviews the possible mechanisms by which these interventions exert their activities. It then shows the limitations in mechanisms and clinical studies, and the suggestions for future research are also put forward, which will play an important role in guiding and promoting the basic and clinical research of remising CRC by LAB and the development of LAB products.