cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0094
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0094, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Tontenant (c. 1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 184 (11 H 987), 105 folios, f. 0094, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Computer-aided implant design for the restoration of cranial defects
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaojun
name: Xu, Lu
name: Li, Xing
name: Egger, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Patient-specific cranial implants are important and necessary in the surgery of cranial defect restoration. However, traditional methods of manual design of cranial implants are complicated and time-consuming. Our purpose is to develop a novel software named EasyCrania to design the cranial implants conveniently and efficiently. The process can be divided into five steps, which are mirroring model, clipping surface, surface fitting, the generation of the initial implant and the generation of the final implant. The main concept of our method is to use the geometry information of the mirrored model as the base to generate the final implant. The comparative studies demonstrated that the EasyCrania can improve the efficiency of cranial implant design significantly. And, the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the software were stable, which were 87.07+/-1.6% and 87.73+/-1.4% respectively.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, 20 References
Detecting and Eliminating Quantum Noise of Quantum Measurements
Creators: name: Tang, Shuanghong
name: Zheng, Congcong
name: Wang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose a two-stage procedure to systematically address quantum noise inherent in quantum measurements. The idea behind it is intuitive: we first detect and then eliminate quantum noise so that the classical noise assumption is satisfied and measurement error mitigation works. In the first stage, inspired by coherence witness in the resource theory of quantum coherence, we design an efficient method to detect quantum noise. It works by fitting the difference between two measurement statistics to the Fourier series, where the statistics are obtained using maximally coherent states with relative phase and maximally mixed states as inputs. The fitting coefficients quantitatively benchmark quantum noise. In the second stage, we design various methods to eliminate quantum noise, inspired by the Pauli twirling technique. They work by executing randomly sampled Pauli gates before the measurement device and conditionally flipping the measurement outcomes in such a way that the effective measurement device contains only classical noise. We demonstrate the feasibility of the two-stage procedure numerically on Baidu Quantum Platform. Remarkably, the results show that quantum noise in measurement devices is significantly suppressed, and the quantum computation accuracy is substantially improved. We highlight that the two-stage procedure complements existing measurement error mitigation techniques, and they together form a standard toolbox for manipulating measurement errors in near-term quantum devices.
description: 5 figures, references and experimental results are updated
Pre-disaster preparedness and post-disaster response measures in the District Councils of Southern Malawi
Creators: name: Gondwe, Anderson
name: Nankwenya, Bonface
name: Chilora, Lemekezani K.
name: Goeb, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Sustainability
subject: Climate-induced Disasters
subject: Disaster Preparedness
subject: Social Protection
subject: Early Warning Systems
subject: Resilience Building
subject: Malawi

description: Malawi faces significant risks from climate-induced disasters, with recent years marked by multiple cyclones and floods severely impacting livelihoods and infrastructure. This study examines the pre-disaster preparedness and post-disaster response measures in Southern Malawi's district councils, highlighting the critical challenges in social protection and early warning systems. Through qualitative data from key informants, findings reveal that resource constraints, poor coordination, and technical capacity gaps hinder effective disaster management. Recommendations include strengthening disaster policies, enhancing community awareness, and improving infrastructure. The insights aim to inform policymakers for better resource allocation and intervention strategies to build resilience against future climate shocks.
Fast and accurate modelling of nonlinear pulse propagation in graded-index multimode fibers
Creators: name: Conforti, Matteo
name: Arabi, Carlos Mas
name: Mussot, Arnaud
name: Kudlinski, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a model for the description of nonlinear pulse propagation in multimode optical fibers with a parabolic refractive index profile. It consists in a 1+1D generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a periodic nonlinear coefficient, which can be solved in an extremely fast and efficient way. The model is able to quantitatively reproduce recently observed phenomena like geometric parametric instability and broadband dispersive wave emission. We envisage that our equation will represent a valuable tool for the study of spatiotemporal nonlinear dynamics in the growing field of multimode fiber optics.
Telegraphic Typing Morse 1943-1945
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My mother Betty Lambie (nee Holmes) worked at Sandridge Radio and Hawklaw Cupar. Telegraphic typing Morse, receiving code and plain language reading undulator tape.She told us that the messages they were transcribing for decryption elsewhere were of no value. However, I have read that Hawklaw near Cupar was ideally placed to pick up radio signals from occupied Paris.
Focusing of Alfvenic Power in the Context of Gamma-Ray Burst Emissivity
Creators: name: Fatuzzo, M.
name: Melia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly dynamic magnetospheric perturbations in neutron star environments can naturally account for the features observed in Gamma-ray Burst spectra. The source distribution, however, appears to be extragalactic. Although noncatastrophic isotropic emission mechanisms may be ruled out on energetic and timing arguments, MHD processes can produce strongly anisotropic gamma-rays with an observable flux out to distances of around 1-2 Gpc. Here we show that sheared Alfven waves propagating along open magnetospheric field lines at the poles of magnetized neutron stars transfer their energy dissipationally to the current sustaining the field misalignment and thereby focus their power into a spatial region around 1000 times smaller than that of the crustal disturbance. This produces a strong (observable) flux enhancement along certain directions. We apply this model to a source population of ``turned-off'' pulsars that have nonetheless retained their strong magnetic fields and have achieved alignment at a period of greater than 5 seconds.
description: 12, Plain TEX, UM AC 93-6
Dolichos trilobus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Dolichos
Dolichos trilobus

description: Dolichos trilobus Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 726. 1753, typ. cons.
"Habitat in India." RCN: 5357.
 Lectotype (Verdcourt in Taxon 17: 173. 1968): [icon] " Phaseolus Maderaspatanus, foliis glabris trilobatis, floribus exiguis, longis petiolis ex eodem puncto gemellis" in Plukenet, Phytographia: t. 214, f. 3. 1692; Almag. Bot.: 292. 1696. - Typotype: Herb. Sloane 97:87 (BM-SL). - Voucher: Herb. Sloane 94: 40 (BM-SL).
 Generitype of Dolichos Linnaeus, nom. cons.
 Current name:  Dolichos trilobus  L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
An immune inspired multi-agent system for dynamic multi-objective optimization
Creators: name: Kamali, Seyed Ruhollah
name: BaniRostam, Touraj
name: Motameni, Homayun
name: Teshnehlab, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: In this paper, a biological immune-based multi agent system (IMAS) is developed to overcome the multi-objectivity and dynamicity of the multi-objective dynamic flexible job shop scheduling (MODFJSS) problem. In modeling the MODFJSS problem, four objectives, i.e., makespan, total weighted tardiness, maximal machine workload, and schedule stability, are considered for simultaneous optimization. In the proposed IMAS architecture, immune agents are coordinated to identify the environment, generate a set of non-dominated schedules, and select a utility optimal schedule. In addition, these agents have the ability of self-adaptation and flexible coordination to adapt to the environment of MODFJSS problem. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on dynamic versions of the five commonly used benchmark instance sets in comparison with three state-of-the-art algorithms. The obtained results showed that the proposed IMAS outperformed the competitors in most of the experiments conducted in this study.
Analog to Digital Cognitive Radio: Sampling, Detection and Hardware
Creators: name: Cohen, Deborah
name: Tsiper, Shahar
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The proliferation of wireless communications has recently created a bottleneck in terms of spectrum availability. Motivated by the observation that the root of the spectrum scarcity is not a lack of resources but an inefficient managing that can be solved, dynamic opportunistic exploitation of spectral bands has been considered, under the name of Cognitive Radio (CR). This technology allows secondary users to access currently idle spectral bands by detecting and tracking the spectrum occupancy. The CR application revisits this traditional task with specific and severe requirements in terms of spectrum sensing and detection performance, real-time processing, robustness to noise and more. Unfortunately, conventional methods do not satisfy these demands for typical signals, that often have very high Nyquist rates. Recently, several sampling methods have been proposed that exploit signals' a priori known structure to sample them below the Nyquist rate. Here, we review some of these techniques and tie them to the task of spectrum sensing in the context of CR. We then show how issues related to spectrum sensing can be tackled in the sub-Nyquist regime. First, to cope with low signal to noise ratios, we propose to recover second-order statistics from the low rate samples, rather than the signal itself. In particular, we consider cyclostationary based detection, and investigate CR networks that perform collaborative spectrum sensing to overcome channel effects. To enhance the efficiency of the available spectral bands detection, we present joint spectrum sensing and direction of arrival estimation methods. Throughout this work, we highlight the relation between theoretical algorithms and their practical implementation. We show hardware simulations performed on a prototype we built, demonstrating the feasibility of sub-Nyquist spectrum sensing in the context of CR.
description: Submitted to IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
Systematic Parameter Space Search of Extended Quark-Lepton Complementarity
Creators: name: Plentinger, Florian
name: Seidl, Gerhart
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the parameter space of neutrino and charged lepton mass matrices for textures motivated by an extended quark-lepton complementarity. As the basic hypothesis, we postulate that all mixing angles in U_l and U_nu be either maximal or described by powers of a single small quantity epsilon ~ theta_C. All mass hierarchies are described by this epsilon as well. In this study, we do not assume specific forms for U_l and U_nu, such as large mixing coming from the neutrino sector only. We perform a systematic scan of the 262,144 generated mixing matrices for being compatible with current experimental data, and find a sample of 2,468 possibilities. We then analyze and classify the effective charged lepton and neutrino mass textures, where we especially focus on a subset of models getting under pressure for small theta_13. In addition, we predict the mixing angle distributions from our sample of all valid textures, and study the robustness of this prediction. We also demonstrate how our procedure can be extended to predictions of the Dirac and Majorana phases in U_PMNS. For instance, we find that CP conservation in neutrino oscillations is preferred, and we can impose a lower bound on the mixing matrix element for neutrinoless double beta decay.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures. Small error in Eq. (36) corrected, and Figs. 8 and 9 updated. Final version matched to Nuclear Physics B version. A detailed list of our textures compatible with current data can be obtained at http://theorie.physik.uni-wuerzburg.de/~winter/Resources/Textures/index.html
The Three-point Function as a Probe of Models for Large-scale Structure
Creators: name: Frieman, Joshua A.
name: Gaztanaga, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the consequences of models of structure formation for higher-order ($n$-point) galaxy correlation functions in the mildly non-linear regime. Several variations of the standard $Ω=1$ cold dark matter model with scale-invariant primordial perturbations have recently been introduced to obtain more power on large scales, 20 h$^{-1}$ Mpc, e.g., low-matter-density (non-zero cosmological constant) models, `tilted' primordial spectra, and scenarios with a mixture of cold and hot dark matter. They also include models with an effective scale-dependent bias, such as the cooperative galaxy formation scenario of Bower, etal. (1993). We show that higher-order galaxy correlation functions can provide a useful test of such models and can discriminate between models with true large-scale power in the density field and those where the galaxy power arises from scale-dependent bias: a bias with rapid scale-dependence leads to a dramatic decrease of the hierarchical amplitudes at large scales. Current observational constraints on the three-point amplitudes $Q_3$ and $S_3$ can place limits on the bias parameter(s) and appear to disfavor, but not yet rule out, the hypothesis that scale-dependent bias is responsible for the extra power observed on large scales.
description: 20 pages (5 figues available on request), LaTeX, FERMILAB-Pub-93-140-A
Telegram from Takoradi: A Father's Joy
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My father was stationed in West Africa at Takoradi as part of the West Africa reinforcement route. I was born on the 7th of May 1944 and my father sent me a telegram on the 25th of May from Takoradi saying "DELIGHTED TO HEAR YOU ARE SAFE AND WELL BEST LOVE FROM DADDY". It gives his address but his name is misspelt as Wilham Swanson instead of William Swanson.
Decaying spectral oscillations in a Majorana wire with finite coherence length
Creators: name: Fleckenstein, C.
name: Domínguez, F.
name: Ziani, N. Traverso
name: Trauzettel, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments, we investigate the excitation energy of a proximitized Rashba wire in the presence of a position dependent pairing. In particular, we focus on the spectroscopic pattern produced by the overlap between two Majorana bound states that appear for values of the Zeeman field smaller than the value necessary for reaching the bulk topological superconducting phase. The two Majorana bound states can arise because locally the wire is in the topological regime. We find three parameter ranges with different spectral properties: crossings, anticrossings and asymptotic reduction of the energy as a function of the applied Zeeman field. Interestingly, all these cases have already been observed experimentally. Moreover, since an increment of the magnetic field implies the increase of the distance between the Majorana bound states, the amplitude of the energy oscillations, when present, gets reduced. The existence of the different Majorana scenarios crucially relies on the fact that the two Majorana bound states have distinct $k$-space structures. We develop analytical models that clearly explain the microscopic origin of the predicted behavior.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Cherenkov gluons at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Dremin, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent hadron production analogous to Cherenkov radiation of photons gives rise to the ring-like events. Being projected on the ring diameter they produce the two-bump structure recently observed for the away-side jets at RHIC. The position of the peaks and their height determine such properties of the hadronic medium as its nuclear index of refraction, the parton density, the free path length and the energy loss of Cherenkov gluons. Beside comparatively low energy gluons observed at RHIC, there could be high energy gluons at LHC, related to the high energy region of positive real part of the forward scattering amplitude and possessing different characteristics.
description: 6 pages, talk at QM2006 modified with new references
Study of the PeV Neutrino, $γ$-rays and UHECRs around The Lobes of Centaurus A
Creators: name: Fraija, N.
name: Aguilar-Ruiz, E.
name: Galván-Gámez, A.
name: Marinelli, A.
name: de Diego, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pierre Auger observatory reported the distribution of arrival directions of the highest energy cosmic rays. These events were collected in 10 years of operations with declinations between -90$^\circ$ and +45$^\circ$. The IceCube neutrino telescope reported the detection of 82 extraterrestrial neutrinos in the High-Energy Starting Events catalog. The highest-energy neutrino event (IC35) reported in this catalog had an energy of 2004$^{+236}_{-262}$ TeV and its reconstruction was centered at RA=$208.4^\circ$ and DEC=$-55.8^\circ$ (J2000). Being Centaurus A the nearest radio-loud active Galactic nucleus and one of the potential candidates for accelerating cosmic rays up to $\sim\, 10^{20}$ eV, we show that the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) around the direction of Centaurus A (15$^\circ$ radius) could be accelerated inside the giant lobes. Studying the composition of UHECRs through the photo-disintegration processes, the maximum energy that these can reach in the giant lobes and the average deflecting angles that nuclei undergo due to Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields, it is shown that the most promise candidates of UHECR composition are light nuclei such as carbon/nitrogen nuclei. Considering the interactions of the relativistic carbon nuclei with photon fields (extragalactic background light and synchrotron) and materials (inside and outside the lobes), we do not find enough evidence to associate the IC35 event with the UHECRs reported by Pierre Auger observatory.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures and 5 tables. Accepted in MNRAS
A theoretical model of the variation of the meridional circulation with the solar cycle
Creators: name: Hazra, Gopal
name: Choudhuri, Arnab Rai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the meridional circulation of the Sun, which plays a key role in the operation of the solar dynamo, indicate that its speed varies with the solar cycle, becoming faster during the solar minima and slower during the solar maxima. To explain this variation of the meridional circulation with the solar cycle, we construct a theoretical model by coupling the equation of the meridional circulation (the $ϕ$ component of the vorticity equation within the solar convection zone) with the equations of the flux transport dynamo model. We consider the back reaction due to the Lorentz force of the dynamo-generated magnetic fields and study the perturbations produced in the meridional circulation due to it. This enables us to model the variations of the meridional circulation without developing a full theory of the meridional circulation itself. We obtain results which reproduce the observational data of solar cycle variations of the meridional circulation reasonably well. We get the best results on assuming the turbulent viscosity acting on the velocity field to be comparable to the magnetic diffusivity (i.e. on assuming the magnetic Prandtl number to be close to unity). We have to assume an appropriate bottom boundary condition to ensure that the Lorentz force cannot drive a flow in the subadiabatic layers below the bottom of the tachocline. Our results are sensitive to this bottom boundary condition. We also suggest a hypothesis how the observed inward flow towards the active regions may be produced.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spectrum of elementary excitations in Galilean-invariant integrable models
Creators: name: Petković, Aleksandra
name: Ristivojevic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of elementary excitations in one-dimensional quantum liquids is generically linear at low momenta. It is characterized by the sound velocity that can be related to the ground state energy. Here we study the spectrum at higher momenta in Galilean invariant integrable models. Somewhat surprisingly, we show that the spectrum at arbitrary momentum is fully determined by the properties of the ground state. We find general exact relations for the coefficients of several terms in the expansion of the excitation energy at low momenta and arbitrary interaction and express them in terms of the Luttinger liquid parameter. We apply the obtained formulas to the Lieb-Liniger model and obtain several new results.
description: 5 pages
Weakly Damped Modes in Star Clusters and Galaxies
Creators: name: Weinberg, Martin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturber may excite a coherent mode in a star cluster or galaxy. If the stellar system is stable, it is commonly assumed that such a mode will be strongly damped and therefore of little practical consequence other than redistributing momentum and energy deposited by the perturber. This paper demonstrates that this assumption is false; weakly damped modes exist and may persist long enough to have observable consequences. To do this, a method for investigating the dispersion relation for spherical stellar systems and for locating weakly damped modes in particular is developed and applied to King models of varying concentration. This leads to the following remarkable result: King models exhibit {\it very} weakly damped $m=1$ modes over a wide range of concentration ($0.67\le c\le1.5$ have been examined). The predicted damping time is tens to hundreds of crossing times. This mode causes the peak density to shift from and slowly revolve about the initial center. The existence of the mode is supported by n-body simulation. Higher order modes and possible astronomical consequences are discussed. Weakly damped modes, for example, may provide a natural explanation for observed discrepancies between density and kinematic centers in galaxies, the location of velocity cusps due to massive black holes, and $m=1$ disturbances of disks embedded in massive halos. Gravitational shocking may excite the $m=1$ mode in globular clusters, which could modify their subsequent evolution and displace the positions of exotic remnants.
description: 19 pages, AAS LaTeX macros v3.0, 10 figures, UMASS-APT-002
A Lifelong Commitment to Serving His Changing Country During Turbulent Times
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Chaudhry is contributing the story of his father's and his father's cousin's experience of serving in World War Two as part of the British Indian Army in Malaya, where they fought against the Japanese.His father, Abdul Majid (1924-2016), was born in 1924 in Jhelum, Punjab (then-India, now Pakistan). Both Abdul and his similarly aged cousin, Mohammad Anwar, worked in Jhelum as carpenters. One of their uncles eventually took them to an army recruitment office in Jhelum. As both teens were healthy and of impressive height (over 6 feet tall), they were recruited into the Baloch (Baluch) Regiment as part of the British Indian Army when they were about seventeen years old. After recruitment, they began their army period in Quetta, Balochistan, prior to World War Two. After their initial training, they were stationed in Roorkee, India.In the early part of World War Two (around 1939-1940), Abdul and his cousin were sent to Malaya to fight the Japanese forces. They endured harsh conditions and combat amidst jungle warfare in Malaya. When his son Chaudhry would later express frustration during uneasy times he went through as an immigrant to the UK, Abdul would put things in perspective—remarking how during his war service, he was often forced to forego food for many days, leaving him and his peers desperate enough to eat the tree leaves they could get their hands on. Both Abdul and Mohammad served in Malaya throughout the war as soldiers. After the war's conclusion, they were sent back to India and continued to serve in the British Indian Army.After the Partition of 1947, leading to India and Pakistan becoming independent states, Abdul and Mohammad joined the Pakistan Army; and in 1948, they fought the Indian Army in Kashmir. In 1962, Abdul's cousin Mohammad emigrated to Britain, having been granted entry on behalf of the British Army. He passed away in 2010 in High Wycombe.Meanwhile, Abdul remained in Pakistan for the rest of his life due to his fervent patriotism. His son Chaudhry, this story's contributor, was born in 1959 in Pakistan (and would later follow in his uncle's footsteps by emigrating to Britain in 1999). Abdul fought against the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, including when Punjab's capital, Lahore, was attacked by the Indian Army as part of ongoing struggles.Abdul was well-settled in Pakistan and remained a highly patriotic citizen, preferring to remain there rather than emigrate like his cousin, Mohammad. In Pakistan, he continued serving in their army before retiring in 1970. In retirement, he led a more tranquil life centered around farming. Abdul Majid ultimately passed away aged 92 in 2016 in Jhelum, the place of his birth, in his son Chaudhry's hands in hospital.
Bellidiastrum michelii Cass.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Bellidiastrum
Bellidiastrum michelii

description: Doronicum bellidiastrum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 886. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Helveticis, Italicis, Tyrolensibus." RCN: 6408.
Type not designated.
Original material: Herb. Burser XIV(2): 68 (UPS); Herb. Linn. No. 1002.7 (LINN); [icon] in Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen.: 32, t. 29. 1729; [icon] in Mentzel, Ind. Nom. Pl. Univ.: t. 8. 1682.
 Current name:  Bellidiastrum michelii  Cass. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Dry Cutting Experiments Database Ti6Al4V and Ck45
Creators: name: Klippel, Hagen
name: Süssmaier, Stefan
name: Kuffa, Michal
name: Wegener, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical simulation of metal cutting processes requires material data for constitutive equations, which cannot be obtained with standard material testing procedures. Instead, inverse identifications of material parameters within numerical simulation models of the cutting experiment itself are necessary. The intention of the present report is the provision of results of a large scale experimental study of dry orthogonal cutting experiments of Ti6Al4V (3.7165 Grade 5) and Ck45 (AISI 1045) along with their documentation and interpretation. The process forces are evaluated and each cutting insert geometry has been measured prior to the experiments to determine the cutting edge radii for each experiment. The resulting chip forms are analysed and the averaged chip thicknesses are determined. A material characterization is performed, which includes microstructural investigations on the raw materials and is reported together with tensile test results. The assembled data set can be used for parameter identification when the experimental conditions are reproduced in numerical simulations. The cutting test results are finally used to derive coefficients for Kienzle's force model. The data is stored in the pCloud and contains process force measurement data, cutting edge radii scans, pictures of chip geometries and etched chips.
United States of Europe The civil society idea of Europe after 1918
Creators: name: Schmale, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: University of Vienna. Faculty of Historical and Cultural Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: United States of Europe
European Federalism
Civil Society
Human Rights Leagues
Freemasonry
Idea of Europe
Interwar Period
League of Nations
Peace
Colonialism
European Union Political Discourses

description: The concept of a “United States of Europe” has been a recurring idea in European political discourse, suggesting a federalist approach to European integration. This article explores the historical roots, interwar debates, and feasibility of such a political entity. It delves into the challenges posed by differing political ideologies within Europe, especially during the interwar period. The idea of a United States of Europe was promoted by human rights leagues and Freemasonry. The article brings this to the fore. Through examining various perspectives, the article aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding the prospects and implications of a United States of Europe.
Late reionization by supernova-driven winds
Creators: name: Tegmark, Max
name: Silk, Joseph
name: Evrard, August
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model is presented in which supernova-driven winds from early galaxies reionize the intergalactic medium by z=5. This scenario can explain the observed absence of a Gunn-Peterson trough in the spectra of high-redshift quasars providing that the bulk of these early galaxies are quite small, no more massive than about 10^8 solar masses. It also predicts that most of the IGM was enriched to at least 10% of current metal content by z=5 and perhaps as early as z=15. The existence of such early mini-galaxies violates no spectral constraints and is consistent with a pure CDM model with b<2. Since the final radius of a typical ionized bubble is only around 100 kpc, the induced modification of the galaxy autocorrelation function is negligible, as is the induced angular smoothing of the CMBR. Some of the gas swept up by shells may be observable as pressure-supported Lyman-alpha forest clouds.
description: 29 pages, incl 6 figures. Stone-age postscript replaced by LATeX. Latest version at http://www.sns.ias.edu/~max/gp.html (faster from the US), from http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~max/gp.html (faster from Europe) or from max@ias.edu
Behind the Lines - Don Chapman
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Don Chapman was a journalist with the Oxford Mail. As part of his work, he wrote special articles on Oxfordshire and the Second World War. He summarised many of these and the work that went into them in his unpublished memoir "Behind the Lines" (included), which is supplemented by photos. Also, he wrote a few articles on the War including two supplements on D-Day.
Senecio doronicum Linnaeus
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Senecio
Senecio doronicum

description: Doronicum incanum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 886. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Helveticis, Pyrenaeis." RCN: 6302.
Type not designated.
Original material: Herb. Burser X: 29 (UPS).
 Current name:  Senecio doronicum  (L.) L. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Bayan Algorithm: Detecting Communities in Networks Through Exact and Approximate Optimization of Modularity
Creators: name: Aref, Samin
name: Mostajabdaveh, Mahdi
name: Chheda, Hriday
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C90, 90C10, 90C57, 90C59, 90C35, 05C15, 65K05

description: Community detection is a classic network problem with extensive applications in various fields. Its most common method is using modularity maximization heuristics which rarely return an optimal partition or anything similar. Partitions with globally optimal modularity are difficult to compute, and therefore have been underexplored. Using structurally diverse networks, we compare 30 community detection methods including our proposed algorithm that offers optimality and approximation guarantees: the Bayan algorithm. Unlike existing methods, Bayan globally maximizes modularity or approximates it within a factor. Our results show the distinctive accuracy and stability of maximum-modularity partitions in retrieving planted partitions at rates higher than most alternatives for a wide range of parameter settings in two standard benchmarks. Compared to the partitions from 29 other algorithms, maximum-modularity partitions have the best medians for description length, coverage, performance, average conductance, and well clusteredness. These advantages come at the cost of additional computations which Bayan makes possible for small networks (networks that have up to 3000 edges in their largest connected component). Bayan is several times faster than using open-source and commercial solvers for modularity maximization, making it capable of finding optimal partitions for instances that cannot be optimized by any other existing method. Our results point to a few well performing algorithms, among which Bayan stands out as the most reliable method for small networks. A Python implementation of the Bayan algorithm (bayanpy) is publicly available through the package installer for Python.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Constraints on Spatially Oscillating Sub-mm Forces from the Stanford Levitated Microsphere Experiment Data
Creators: name: Antoniou, Ioannis
name: Perivolaropoulos, Leandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis by one of the authors\cite{Perivolaropoulos:2016ucs} has indicated the presence of a $2σ$ signal of spatially oscillating new force residuals in the torsion balance data of the Washington experiment. We extend that study and analyse the data of the Stanford Optically Levitated Microsphere Experiment (SOLME) \cite{Rider:2016xaq} (kindly provided by the authors of \cite{Rider:2016xaq}) searching for sub-mm spatially oscillating new force signals. We find a statistically significant oscillating signal for a force residual of the form $F(z)=α\; cos(\frac{2π}λ\; z +c)$ where $z$ is the distance between the macroscopic interacting masses (levitated microsphere and cantilever). The best fit parameter values are $α=(1.1 \pm 0.4)\times 10^{-17}N$, $λ=(35.2\pm 0.6)μm$. Monte Carlo simulation of the SOLME data under the assumption of zero force residuals has indicated that the statistical significance of this signal is at about $2σ$ level. Private communication with members of the SOLME group has indicated that this previously unnoticed signal is most probably due to a systematic effect (diffraction of non-Gaussian tails of the laser beam). Thus it can only be useful as an upper bound of the amplitude of new spatially oscillating forces on sub-mm scales. Assuming gravitational origin emerging from a fundamental modification of the Newtonian potential of the form $V_{eff}(r)=-G\frac{M}{r}(1+α_O \cos(\frac{2π}λ\; r+θ))\equiv V_{N}(r)+V_{osc}(r)$, we evaluate the source integral and obtain a bound $α_O < 10^7$ for $λ\simeq 35 μm$. Thus, we get no useful constraints on the modified gravity parameter $α_O$. However, the constraints on the general phenomenological parameter $α$ can be useful in constraining other fifth force models related to dark energy (chameleon oscillating potentials etc).
description: 15 pages, 12 Figures. References added/updated. The Mathematica files used for the numerical analysis and the production of the figures may be downloaded from http://leandros.physics.uoi.gr/solme/
title: Active vision as sequential decision-making under uncertainty
Creators: name: Kadner, Florian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Interacting with our visual environment can be challenging due to its highly dynamic nature and richness in complex interrelationships. With the human visual system's
constraint of having a narrow field of high resolution, we must actively shift our
attention between different visual areas to acquire relevant visual information to
accomplish our tasks. Extracting this task-relevant information from our environment
can be challenging and further amplified by our world’s inherently probabilistic
nature. Sensory perception often presents ambiguities with varying results from
identical measurements and vice versa. Similarly, the consequences of our actions
are usually governed by uncertainty, which originates from several internal and
external factors. Finally, the relevance of completing a particular task or even the
definition of the task and its associated costs are highly variable across individuals.
Thus, uncertainty is a fundamental factor at multiple stages while interacting with
our visual environment. Sensory perception, decision-making, and actions are
inseparably intertwined, and it is, therefore, all the more critical that we deal with
the arising uncertainties and develop strategies to reduce them as far as possible.
Computationally, this aligns with the concept of planning. In this thesis, we are
investigating the active nature of visual planning as a probabilistic decision-making
process under uncertainty. We designed various experimental paradigms to quantify
sensory uncertainty, action variability, and the behavioral costs of human behavior
in sequential visual tasks. For this purpose, we use the framework of Partially
Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), which allow us to normatively
model decision-making processes by incorporating different sources of uncertainty.
Using three case studies, we demonstrate its use, advantages, and possibilities,
starting with the most straightforward visual action - blinking. Even this simple
action has to be planned since every blink briefly interrupts the visual information
stream. We then move on to more complex visual actions such as saccades and
gaze selection. First, we consider one-step ahead predictions in the context of
free viewing and saliency models before moving on to a complex example of a
gaze-contingent paradigm task where, in addition to observations, rewards are
dynamic and uncertain. Last, we consider two other studies more detached from the
experimental environment and devoted to more natural stimuli. We investigate how
humans navigate mazes and their associated planning strategies of eye movements
to find the solution. Also, we designed a reading experiment including an adaptive
font system that maximizes the subjects' individual reading speed and thus reduces
the underlying internal behavioral costs. Our results conclude that human visual
behavior should be seen as an active sequential decision process under uncertainty
where POMDPs can provide a powerful tool for modeling.
Providing and evaluating a comprehensive model for detecting fraudulent electronic payment card transactions with a two-level filter based on flow processing in big data
Creators: name: Banirostam, Hamid
name: BaniRostam, Touraj
name: Pedram, Mir Mohsen
name: Rahmani, Amir Masoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: Previous research on fraud detection modeling is often based on a single algorithm, optimizing categories and clusters to find fraudulent patterns that they have provided unsupervised or supervised methods alone and within the framework of Hadoop. The proposed model, a model based on big data analysis extracts important features of user behavior patterns such as time, device type, values, and type of transaction, and their behavioral modeling. By creating different profiles for users, threshold values will be set for each of them. The proposed model for real-time fraud detection of electronic cash payment cards includes two fast and explicit filters. Fast filtering is the combination of the Hidden Markov Model of the first order and Self Organizing Maps (SOM) for fast transaction processing and the Baum-Welch algorithm to find the local Maximum Likelihood. Explicit filter model training is a combination of multilayer Perceptron Neural Network algorithms and Logistic Regression to create a cardholder profile and measure the amount of new transaction deviation from the created profile with the reduction mapping approach or parallel execution of the model. Also, transactions performed for aggregation filters and prediction of the output results of the Schaffer Demister function with the parameter θ in order to detect the degree of deviation of the transaction behavior from the normal state according to the profile of the customer and the maximum difference between two consecutive sequences of observations is used. Finally, the fraudulent or non-fraudulent label on the transaction will be applied and added to the relevant database for storage for later use. According to the model simulation results, the proposed Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score criteria are 0.999, 0.9834, 0.7906, and 0.9214, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed model will perform better in each of the compared criteria against each of the single algorithms.