cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alternating minimization, scaling algorithms, and the null-cone problem from invariant theory
Creators: name: Bürgisser, Peter
name: Garg, Ankit
name: Oliveira, Rafael
name: Walter, Michael
name: Wigderson, Avi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Alternating minimization heuristics seek to solve a (difficult) global optimization task through iteratively solving a sequence of (much easier) local optimization tasks on different parts (or blocks) of the input parameters. While popular and widely applicable, very few examples of this heuristic are rigorously shown to converge to optimality, and even fewer to do so efficiently. In this paper we present a general framework which is amenable to rigorous analysis, and expose its applicability. Its main feature is that the local optimization domains are each a group of invertible matrices, together naturally acting on tensors, and the optimization problem is minimizing the norm of an input tensor under this joint action. The solution of this optimization problem captures a basic problem in Invariant Theory, called the null-cone problem. This algebraic framework turns out to encompass natural computational problems in combinatorial optimization, algebra, analysis, quantum information theory, and geometric complexity theory. It includes and extends to high dimensions the recent advances on (2-dimensional) operator scaling. Our main result is a fully polynomial time approximation scheme for this general problem, which may be viewed as a multi-dimensional scaling algorithm. This directly leads to progress on some of the problems in the areas above, and a unified view of others. We explain how faster convergence of an algorithm for the same problem will allow resolving central open problems. Our main techniques come from Invariant Theory, and include its rich non-commutative duality theory, and new bounds on the bitsizes of coefficients of invariant polynomials. They enrich the algorithmic toolbox of this very computational field of mathematics, and are directly related to some challenges in geometric complexity theory (GCT).
description: 48 pages
Coherent States of $SU(l,1)$ groups
Creators: name: Gitman, D. M.
name: Shelepin, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work can be considered as a continuation of our previous one (J.Phys., 26 (1993) 313), in which an explicit form of coherent states (CS) for all SU(N) groups was constructed by means of representations on polynomials. Here we extend that approach to any SU(l,1) group and construct explicitly corresponding CS. The CS are parametrized by dots of a coset space, which is, in that particular case, the open complex ball $CD^{l}$. This space together with the projective space $CP^{l}$, which parametrizes CS of the SU(l+1) group, exhausts all complex spaces of constant curvature. Thus, both sets of CS provide a possibility for an explicit analysis of the quantization problem on all the spaces of constant curvature.
description: 22 pages, to be published in "Journal of Physics A"
Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning Discovered from Detection of Positrons and Neutrons
Creators: name: Enoto, Teruaki
name: Wada, Yuuki
name: Furuta, Yoshihiro
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Yuasa, Takayuki
name: Okuda, Kazufumi
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Sato, Mitsuteru
name: Sato, Yousuke
name: Nakano, Toshio
name: Umemoto, Daigo
name: Tsuchiya, Harufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lightning and thundercloud are the most dramatic natural particle accelerators on the Earth. Relativistic electrons accelerated by electric fields therein emit bremsstrahlung gamma rays, which have been detected at ground observations, by airborne detectors, and as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) from space. The energy of the gamma rays is sufficiently high to potentially invoke atmospheric photonuclear reactions 14N(gamma, n)13N, which would produce neutrons and eventually positrons via beta-plus decay of generated unstable radioactive isotopes, especially 13N. However, no clear observational evidence for the reaction has been reported to date. Here we report the first detection of neutron and positron signals from lightning with a ground observation. During a thunderstorm on 6 February 2017 in Japan, a TGF-like intense flash (within 1 ms) was detected at our monitoring sites 0.5-1.7 km away from the lightning. The subsequent initial burst quickly subsided with an exponential decay constant of 40-60 ms, followed by a prolonged line emission at about 0.511 megaelectronvolt (MeV), lasting for a minute. The observed decay timescale and spectral cutoff at about 10 MeV of the initial emission are well explained with de-excitation gamma rays from the nuclei excited by neutron capture. The centre energy of the prolonged line emission corresponds to the electron-positron annihilation, and hence is the conclusive indication of positrons produced after the lightning. Our detection of neutrons and positrons is unequivocal evidence that natural lightning triggers photonuclear reactions. No other natural event on the Earth is known to trigger photonuclear reactions. This discovery places lightning as only the second known natural channel on the Earth after the atmospheric cosmic-ray interaction, in which isotopes, such as 13C, 14C, and 15N, are produced.
description: This manuscript was submitted to Nature Letter on July 30, 2017, and the original version that has not undergo the peer review process. See the accepted version at Nature website, published on the issue of November 23, 2017 with the revised title "photonuclear reaction triggered by lightning discharge"
A dessalinização em Portugal: 45 anos de dessalinização na ilha do Porto Santo
Creators: name: Águas e Resíduos da Madeira SA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presentation by Águas e Resíduos da Madeira SA at the National Symposium "Water-Energy Strategy" of the Sol2H2O project, Évora - Portugal
Additional file 1 of Connected diagnostics to improve accurate diagnosis, treatment, and conditional payment of malaria services in Kenya
Creators: name: van Duijn, Shannen M. C.
name: Siteyi, Angela K.
name: Smith, Sherzel
name: Milimo, Emmanuel
name: Stijvers, Leon
name: Oguttu, Monica
name: Amollo, Michael O.
name: Okeyo, Edward O.
name: Dayo, Lilyana
name: Kwambai, Titus
name: Onyango, Dickens
name: Rinke de Wit, Tobias F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide qualitative interviews ConnDx.
Continuous-wave room-temperature diamond maser
Creators: name: Breeze, Jonathan D.
name: Sathian, Juna
name: Salvadori, Enrico
name: Alford, Neil McN.
name: Kay, Christopher W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maser, older sibling of the laser, has been confined to relative obscurity due to its reliance on cryogenic refrigeration and high-vacuum systems. Despite this it has found application in deep-space communications and radio astronomy due to its unparalleled performance as a low-noise amplifier and oscillator. The recent demonstration of a room-temperature solid- state maser exploiting photo-excited triplet states in organic pentacene molecules paves the way for a new class of maser that could find applications in medicine, security and sensing, taking advantage of its sensitivity and low noise. However, to date, only pulsed operation has been observed in this system. Furthermore, organic maser molecules have poor thermal and mechanical properties, and their triplet sub-level decay rates make continuous emission challenging: alternative materials are therefore required. Therefore, inorganic materials containing spin-defects such as diamond and silicon carbide have been proposed. Here we report a continuous-wave (CW) room-temperature maser oscillator using optically pumped charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect centres in diamond. This demonstration unlocks the potential of room-temperature solid-state masers for use in a new generation of microwave devices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic-field effects on the charge-spin stripe order in La-214 high-Tc cuprates
Creators: name: Adachi, T.
name: Omori, K.
name: Kawamata, T.
name: Kudo, K.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Koike, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic-field effects on the charge-spin stripe order in La-214 high-Tc cuprates have been investigated from measurements of the in-plane electrical-resistivity, Rho_ab_. In La_2-x_Ba_x_CuO_4_ with x=0.10 and La_2-x_Sr_x_CuO_4_ with x=0.115 where the incommensurate charge peaks are weak and unobservable in zero field in elastic neutron-scattering measurements, respectively, the normal-state value of Rho_ab_ at low temperatures markedly increases with increasing field up to 27 T. For La_2-x_Ba_x_CuO_4_ with x=0.11 and Zn-substituted La_2-x_Sr_x_Cu_1-y_Zn_y_O_4_ with x=0.115 and y=0.02 where the charge stripe order is fairly stabilized in zero field, on the other hand, the increase in Rho_ab_ with increasing field is negligibly small. In conclusion, when the charge-spin stripe order is not fully stable in zero field, magnetic field operates to stabilize the charge-spin stripe order. The value of Rho_ab_ increases with increasing field depending on the stability of the charge stripe order.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of Yamada Conference LX on Research in High Magnetic Fields (RHMF2006) (Satellite of ICM2006)
Additional file 5: of Transcription profiling of butanol producer Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B-598 using RNA-Seq
Creators: name: Sedlar, Karel
name: Koscova, Pavlina
name: Vasylkivska, Maryna
name: Branska, Barbora
name: Kolek, Jan
name: Kristyna Kupkova
name: Patakova, Petra
name: Provaznik, Ivo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Differential analysis of adjacent time points using MA plots. MA plots showing statistically differentially expressed genes in color. Color coding respect the color coding used in Venn diagrams in Fig. 4. (PDF 315 kb)
On the streaming motions of haloes and galaxies
Creators: name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Hui, Lam
name: Scoccimarro, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model of how objects of different masses stream towards each other as they cluster gravitationally is described. The model shows how the mean streaming velocity of dark matter particles is related to the motions of the parent dark matter haloes. It also provides a reasonably accurate description of how the pairwise velocity dispersion of dark matter particles differs from that of the parent haloes. The analysis is then extended to describe the streaming motions of galaxies. This shows explicitly that the streaming motions measured in a given galaxy sample depend on how the sample was selected, and shows how to account for this dependence on sample selection. In addition,we show that the pairwise dispersion should also depend on sample type. Our model predicts that, on small scales, redshift space distortions should affect red galaxies more strongly than blue.
description: 10 pages, submitted to MNRAS
U(N) Gauge Theory and Lattice Strings
Creators: name: Kostov, Ivan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain, in a slightly modified form, an old construction allowing to reformulate the U(N) gauge theory defined on a D-dimensional lattice as a theory of lattice strings (a statistical model of random surfaces). The world surface of the lattice string is allowed to have pointlike singularities (branch points) located not only at the sites of the lattice, but also on its links and plaquettes. The strings become noninteracting when $N\to\infty$. In this limit the statistical weight a world surface is given by exp[ $-$ area] times a product of local factors associated with the branch points. In $D=4$ dimensions the gauge theory has a nondeconfining first order phase transition dividing the weak and strong coupling phase. From the point of view of the string theory the weak coupling phase is expected to be characterized by spontaneous creation of ``windows'' on the world sheet of the string.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures not included, available by mail upon request, T93-079 (talk at the Workshop on string theory, gauge theory and quantum gravity, 28-29 April 1993, Trieste, Italy)
Additional file 1 of Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from urinary tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Bunduki, Gabriel Kambale
name: Heinz, Eva
name: Phiri, Vincent Samuel
name: Noah, Patrick
name: Feasey, Nicholas
name: Musaya, Janelisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies.
Standards for enabling heterogeneous IaaS cloud federations
Creators: name: García, Álvaro López
name: del Castillo, Enol Fernández
name: Fernández, Pablo Orviz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Technology market is continuing a rapid growth phase where different resource providers and Cloud Management Frameworks are positioning to provide ad-hoc solutions -in terms of management interfaces, information discovery or billing- trying to differentiate from competitors but that as a result remain incompatible between them when addressing more complex scenarios like federated clouds. Grasping interoperability problems present in current infrastructures is then a must-do, tackled by studying how existing and emerging standards could enhance user experience in the cloud ecosystem. In this paper we will review the current open challenges in Infrastructure as a Service cloud interoperability and federation, as well as point to the potential standards that should alleviate these problems.
Additional file 2 of Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from urinary tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Bunduki, Gabriel Kambale
name: Heinz, Eva
name: Phiri, Vincent Samuel
name: Noah, Patrick
name: Feasey, Nicholas
name: Musaya, Janelisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Studies assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for assessment of cross-sectional studies.
Development of a Time Projection Chamber Using Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM-TPC)
Creators: name: Oda, S. X.
name: Hamagaki, H.
name: Ozawa, K.
name: Inuzuka, M.
name: Sakaguchi, T.
name: Isobe, T.
name: Gunji, T.
name: Morino, Y.
name: Saito, S.
name: Yamaguchi, Y. L.
name: Sawada, S.
name: Yokkaichi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a prototype time projection chamber using gas electron multipliers (GEM-TPC) for high energy heavy ion collision experiments. To investigate its performance, we conducted a beam test with 3 kinds of gases (Ar(90%)-CH4(10%), Ar(70%)-C2H6(30%) and CF4). Detection efficiency of 99%, and spatial resolution of 79 $μ$m in the pad-row direction and 313 $μ$m in the drift direction were achieved. The test results show that the GEM-TPC meets the requirements for high energy heavy ion collision experiments. The configuration and performance of the GEM-TPC are described.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, published online in Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Three-Pass Protocol Implementation in Vigenere Cipher Classic Cryptography Algorithm with Keystream Generator Modification
Creators: name: Subandi, Amin
name: Meiyanti, Rini
name: Sandy, Cut Lika Mestika
name: Sembiring, Rahmat Widia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vigenere Cipher is one of the classic cryptographic algorithms and included into symmetric key cryptography algorithm, where to encryption and decryption process use the same key. Vigenere Cipher has the disadvantage that if key length is not equal to the length of the plaintext, then the key will be repeated until equal to the plaintext length, it course allows cryptanalysts to make the process of cryptanalysis. And weaknesses of the symmetric key cryptographic algorithm is the safety of key distribution factor, if the key is known by others, then the function of cryptography itself become useless. Based on two such weaknesses, in this study, we modify the key on Vigenere Cipher, so when the key length smaller than the length of plaintext entered, the key will be generated by a process, so the next key character will be different from the previous key character. In This study also applied the technique of Three-pass protocol, a technique which message sender does not need to send the key, because each using its own key for the message encryption and decryption process, so the security of a message would be more difficult to solved.
description: 2nd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Social Science, Health Science, Agriculture & Technology (ICEST) 2017
Introduction
Creators: name: Bakogianni, Anastasia
Publisher: name: THERSITES. Journal for Transcultural Presences & Diachronic Identities from Antiquity to Date
Year: 2019

description: Is grief for the death of a loved one a universal, trans-historical emotion? What role does the historical, political and socio-cultural context play in how grief is understood, processed, performed, written about and represented in art? This special issue of thersites seeks to address these questions with reference to the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome. Drawing on a wide range of both textual and material culture evidence, the six papers that make up this issue investigate how the ancient Greeks and Romans reacted to the death of relatives, friends and members of their wider community, and how it affected their lives, societies and sense of identity. The first half of the issue is devoted to the portrayal of grief in the Homeric epics and Greek tragedy, while the second examines a rich variety of Roman evidence from inscriptions to art, literature and philosophy. Our work intersects with wider debates in the cross-disciplinary field of the History of Emotions, but some of the papers also reference recent scholarship on the senses in antiquity.
description: THERSITES. Journal for Transcultural Presences & Diachronic Identities from Antiquity to Date, Vol. 9 (2019): Ancient Greek and Roman Multi-Sensory Spectactles of Grief
On the evaluation of singular invariants for canonical generators of certain genus one arithmetic groups
Creators: name: Jorgenson, Jay
name: Smajlović, Lejla
name: Then, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $N$ be a positive square-free integer such that the discrete group $Γ_{0}(N)^{+}$ has genus one. In a previous article, we constructed canonical generators $x_{N}$ and $y_{N}$ of the holomorphic function field associated to $Γ_{0}(N)^{+}$ as well as an algebraic equation $P_{N}(x_{N},y_{N}) = 0$ with integer coefficients satisfied by these generators. In the present paper, we study the singular moduli problem corresponding to $x_{N}$ and $y_{N}$, by which we mean the arithmetic nature of the numbers $x_{N}(τ)$ and $y_{N}(τ)$ for any CM point $τ$ in the upper half plane $\mathbb{H}$. If $τ$ is any CM point which is not equivalent to an elliptic point of $Γ_{0}(N)^{+}$, we prove that the complex numbers $x_{N}(τ)$ and $y_{N}(τ)$ are algebraic integers. Going further, we characterize the algebraic nature of $x_{N}(τ)$ as the generator of a certain ring class field of $\mathbb{Q}(τ)$ of prescribed order and discriminant depending on properties of $τ$ and level $N$. The theoretical considerations are supplemented by computational examples. As a result, several explicit evaluations are given for various $N$ and $τ$, and further arithmetic consequences of our analysis are presented. In one example, we explicitly construct a set of minimal polynomials for the Hilbert class field of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-74})$ whose coefficients are less than $2.2\times 10^{4}$, whereas the minimal polynomials obtained from the Hauptmodul of $\textrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$ has coefficients as large as $6.6\times 10^{73}$.
Additional file 1: of Lessons learned from the 2009â 2010 H1N1 outbreak for the management of the 2013 silent polio outbreak
Creators: name: Sagy, Iftach
name: Feder-Bubis, Paula
name: Novack, Victor
name: Peleg-Sagy, Tal
name: Greenberg, Dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Study protocols. Questionnaire that was used during interviews. (DOCX 13 kb)
Additional file 1 of Comparing two fluoride therapies for caries management in young children: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Gao, Sherry Shiqian
name: Zheng, Faith Miaomiao
name: Chen, Kitty Jieyi
name: Duangthip, Duangporn
name: Lo, Edward Chin Man
name: Chu, Chun Hung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement.
Spin-rotationally symmetric domain flux phases in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Raczkowski, Marcin
name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Fresard, Raymond
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new form of inhomogeneous phases consisting of out-of-phase staggered flux domains separated by diagonal charged domain walls centered on bonds or on sites. Remarkably, such domain flux phases are spin-rotationally symmetric and exhibit cone-like quasiparticle dispersion as well as incommensurate order of orbital currents. Such features are consistent with the pseudogap behavior and the diagonal stripes observed experimentally in lightly doped cuprates. A renormalized mean field theory shows that such solutions are competitive candidates within the $t$--$J$ model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Camera Based Two Factor Authentication Through Mobile and Wearable Devices
Creators: name: Azimpourkivi, Mozhgan
name: Topkara, Umut
name: Carbunar, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Pixie, a novel, camera based two factor authentication solution for mobile and wearable devices. A quick and familiar user action of snapping a photo is sufficient for Pixie to simultaneously perform a graphical password authentication and a physical token based authentication, yet it does not require any expensive, uncommon hardware. Pixie establishes trust based on both the knowledge and possession of an arbitrary physical object readily accessible to the user, called trinket. Users choose their trinkets similar to setting a password, and authenticate by presenting the same trinket to the camera. The fact that the object is the trinket, is secret to the user. Pixie extracts robust, novel features from trinket images, and leverages a supervised learning classifier to effectively address inconsistencies between images of the same trinket captured in different circumstances. Pixie achieved a false accept rate below 0.09% in a brute force attack with 14.3 million authentication attempts, generated with 40,000 trinket images that we captured and collected from public datasets. We identify master images, that match multiple trinkets, and study techniques to reduce their impact. In a user study with 42 participants over 8 days in 3 sessions we found that Pixie outperforms text based passwords on memorability, speed, and user preference. Furthermore, Pixie was easily discoverable by new users and accurate under field use. Users were able to remember their trinkets 2 and 7 days after registering them, without any practice between the 3 test dates.
description: 33 pages
Tracing the Assembly History of NGC 1395 through its Globular Cluster System
Creators: name: Escudero, C. G.
name: Faifer, F. R.
name: Castelli, A. V. Smith
name: Forte, J. C.
name: Sesto, L. A.
name: González, N. M.
name: Scalia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used deep Gemini-South/GMOS g'r'i'z' images to study the globular cluster (GC) system of the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 1395, located in the Eridanus supergroup. The photometric analysis of the GC candidates reveals a clear colour bimodality distribution, indicating the presence of "blue" and "red" GC subpopulations. While a negative radial colour gradient is detected in the projected spatial distribution of the red GCs, the blue GCs display a shallow colour gradient. The blue GCs also display a remarkable shallow and extended surface density profile, suggesting a significant accretion of low-mass satellites in the outer halo of the galaxy. In addition, the slope of the projected spatial distribution of the blue GCs in the outer regions of the galaxy, is similar to that of the X-ray halo emission. Integrating up to 165 kpc the profile of the projected spatial distribution of the GCs, we estimated a total GC population and specific frequency of 6000$\pm$1100 and $S_N$=7.4$\pm$1.4, respectively. Regarding NGC 1395 itself, the analysis of the deep Gemini/GMOS images shows a low surface brightness umbrella-like structure indicating, at least, one recent merger event. Through relations recently published in the literature, we obtained global parameters, such as $M_\mathrm{stellar}=9.32\times10^{11}$ M$\odot$ and $M_h=6.46\times10^{13}$ M$\odot$. Using public spectroscopic data, we derive stellar population parameters of the central region of the galaxy by the full spectral fitting technique. We have found that, this region, seems to be dominated for an old stellar population, in contrast to findings of young stellar populations from the literature.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Diamonds, and Fullerenes in Interstellar Space: Puzzles to be Solved by Laboratory and Theoretical Astrochemistry
Creators: name: Sellgren, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New research is presented, and previous research is reviewed, on the emission and absorption of interstellar aromatic hydrocarbons. Emission from aromatic hydrocarbons dominate the mid-infrared emission of many galaxies, including our own Milky Way galaxy. Only recently have aromatic hydrocarbons been observed in absorption in the interstellar medium, along lines of sight with high column densities of interstellar gas and dust. Much work on interstellar aromatics has been done, with astronomical observations and laboratory and theoretical astrochemistry. In many cases the predictions of laboratory and theoretical work are confirmed by astronomical observations, but in other cases clear discrepancies exist which provide problems to be solved by a combination of astronomical observations, laboratory studies, and theoretical studies. The emphasis of this paper will be on current outstanding puzzles concerning aromatic hydrocarbons which require further laboratory and theoretical astrochemistry to resolve. This paper will also touch on related topics where laboratory and theoretical astrochemistry studies are needed to explain astrophysical observations, such as a possible absorption feature due to interstellar "diamonds" and the search for fullerenes in space.
description: Spectrochimica Acta A, Feb. 2001, in press. 33 pages including 11 postscript figures, AASTeX format. Full postscript paper also available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~sellgren/saa.html
Theory of double resonance magnetometers based on atomic alignment
Creators: name: Weis, Antoine
name: Bison, Georg
name: Pazgalev, Anatoly S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the spectra produced by optical-radio-frequency double resonance devices, in which resonant linearly polarized light is used in the optical pumping and detection processes. We extend previous work by presenting algebraic results which are valid for atomic states with arbitrary angular momenta, arbitrary rf intensities, and arbitrary geometries. The only restriction made is the assumption of low light intensity. The results are discussed in view of their use in optical magnetometers.
Multi-Q mesoscale magnetism in CeAuSb$_2$
Creators: name: Marcus, Guy G.
name: Kim, Dae-Jeong
name: Tutmaher, Jacob A.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose A.
name: Birk, Jonas Okkels
name: Niedermeyer, Christof
name: Lee, Hannoh
name: Fisk, Zachary
name: Broholm, Collin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a field driven transition from a striped to woven Spin Density Wave (SDW) in the tetragonal heavy fermion compound CeAuSb$_2$. Polarized along $\bf c$, the sinusoidal SDW amplitude is 1.8(2) $μ_B$/Ce for $T \ll T_N$=6.25(10) K with wavevector ${\bf q}_{1}=( η, η, \frac{1}{2} )$ ($η=0.136(2)$). For ${\bf H}\parallel{\bf c}$, harmonics appearing at $2{\bf q}_{1}$ evidence a striped magnetic texture below $μ_\circ H_{c1}=2.78(1)$ T. Above $H_{c1}$, these are replaced by woven harmonics at ${\bf q}_{1}+{\bf q}_2=(2η, 0, 0)+{\bf c}^*$ until $μ_\circ H_{c2}=5.42(5)$ T, where satellites vanish and magnetization non-linearly approaches saturation at 1.64(2) $μ_B$/Ce for $μ_\circ H\approx 7$ T.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
In-Gap Spin Excitations and Finite Triplet Lifetimes in the Dilute Singlet Ground State System SrCu(2-x)Mgx(BO3)2
Creators: name: Haravifard, S.
name: Dunsiger, S. R.
name: Shawish, S. El
name: Gaulin, B. D.
name: Dabkowska, H. A.
name: Telling, M. T. F.
name: Bonca, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution neutron scattering measurements on a single crystal of SrCu(2-x)Mgx(BO3)2 with x=0.05 reveal the presence of new spin excitations within the gap of this quasi-two dimensional, singlet ground state system. Application of a magnetic field induces Zeeman-split states associated with S=1/2 unpaired spins which are antiferromagnetically correlated with the bulk singlet. Substantial broadening of both the one and two-triplet excitations in the doped single crystal is observed, as compared with pure SrCu2(BO3)2. Theoretical calculations using a variational algorithm and a single quenched magnetic vacancy on an infinite lattice are shown to qualitatively account for these effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to PRL
Additional file 2 of Comparing two fluoride therapies for caries management in young children: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Gao, Sherry Shiqian
name: Zheng, Faith Miaomiao
name: Chen, Kitty Jieyi
name: Duangthip, Duangporn
name: Lo, Edward Chin Man
name: Chu, Chun Hung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. An invitation letter and informed consent form.
Additional file 4: of Transcription profiling of butanol producer Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B-598 using RNA-Seq
Creators: name: Sedlar, Karel
name: Koscova, Pavlina
name: Vasylkivska, Maryna
name: Branska, Barbora
name: Kolek, Jan
name: Kristyna Kupkova
name: Patakova, Petra
name: Provaznik, Ivo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Circular plots showing average coverage of the genome by RNA-Seq reads in all six time points. The outermost and the second outermost circles represent positions of genes on the forward (red) and reverse (blue) strands respectively. The third circle (green) stands for pseudogenes. The yellow peak and shading area represents transcription greater than the average and violet lower than average. Floating window of 10,000 bp with step of 200 bp was used to render the shading area. (PDF 701 kb)
Proper BRST quantization of relativistic particles
Creators: name: Marnelius, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently derived general formal solutions of a BRST quantization on inner product spaces of irreducible Lie group gauge theories are applied to trivial models and relativistic particle models for particles with spin 0, 1/2 and 1. In the process general quantization rules are discovered which make the formal solutions exact. The treatment also give evidence that the formal solutions are directly generalizable to theories with graded gauge symmetries. For relativistic particles reasonable results are obtained although there exists no completely Lorentz covariant quantization of the coordinate and momenta on inner product spaces. There are two inequivalent procedures depending on whether or not the time coordinate is quantized with positive or indefinite metric states. The latter is connected to propagators.
description: 37,ITP-G\"{o}teborg 93-18, latexfile
title: 01_1571
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION OF RURAL YOUTH AND WAYS TO IMPROVE IT
Creators: name: Sultonova Ozoda Rajabovna, Teacher of the Department of Humanities, Culture and Physical Education of  Samarkand State Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology  University.
name: Narzieva Nargiza Norkuzievna, Head of the Department of Social and Humanities, Physical Culture and Sports of  Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and  Biotechnology, associate professor
name: Suvanova Dilnura Kurbanovna, Assistant of the Department of Social and Humanities, Physical Culture and  Sports, Samarkand State Veterinary Medicine University of Animal Husbandry and  Biotechnology
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The  lifestyle  of  rural  youth  is  determined  by  socio-economic, political,  domestic,  psychological  factors,  but  unlike  that  of  urban  youth,  it  was difficult for rural residents to adapt to new conditions, which affected the content of the  socialization  of  the  young  generation.  If  we  pay  attention  to  the  data  of sociological  surveys,  the  deep  socio-economic  crisis  in  the  village  has  a  negative effect on the formation of values in the youth of the village, it leads to the spread of some negative processes in the environment of the youth.
The evidence of radio polarization induced by the radiative grain alignment and self-scattering of dust grains in a protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Pohl, Adriana
name: Muto, Takayuki
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Stephens, Ian W.
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
name: Momose, Munetake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanisms causing millimeter-wave polarization in protoplanetary disks are under debate. To disentangle the polarization mechanisms, we observe the protoplanetary disk around HL Tau at 3.1 mm with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), which had polarization detected with CARMA at 1.3 mm. We successfully detect the ring-like azimuthal polarized emission at 3.1 mm. This indicates that dust grains are aligned with the major axis being in the azimuthal direction, which is consistent with the theory of radiative alignment of elongated dust grains, where the major axis of dust grains is perpendicular to the radiation flux. Furthermore, the morphology of the polarization vectors at 3.1 mm is completely different from those at 1.3 mm. We interpret that the polarization at 3.1 mm to be dominated by the grain alignment with the radiative flux producing azimuthal polarization vectors, while the self-scattering dominates at 1.3 mm and produces the polarization vectors parallel to the minor axis of the disk. By modeling the total polarization fraction with a single grain population model, the maximum grain size is constrained to be $100{\rm~μm}$, which is smaller than the previous predictions based on the spectral index between ALMA at 3 mm and VLA at 7 mm.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
A note on path integrals and time evolutions in BRST quantization
Creators: name: Marnelius, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent formal solutions of BRST quantization on inner product spaces within the operator method are shown to lead to an unexpected interpretation of the conventional path integral formulation. The relation between the Hamiltonians in the two formulations is nontrivial. For the operator method the correspondence requires certain quantum rules which make the formal solutions exact, and for the path integral the correspondence yields a precise connection between boundary conditions and the choice of gauge fixing.
description: 11,ITP-G\"{o}teborg 93-19, latexfile
The Evolution of Population Gradients in Galaxy Clusters: the Butcher-Oemler Effect and Cluster Infall
Creators: name: Ellingson, E.
name: Lin, H.
name: Yee, H. K. C.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric and spectroscopic measurements of the galaxy populations in clusters from the CNOC1 sample of rich, X-ray luminous clusters at $0.18 < z < 0.55$. A classical measure of the galaxy blue fraction for spectroscopically confirmed cluster members shows a significant Butcher-Oemler effect for the sample, but only when radii larger than 0.5$r_{200}$ are considered. We perform a principal component analysis of galaxy spectra to divide the total cluster light into contributions from stellar populations of different ages. Composite radial distributions of different stellar populations show strong gradients as a function of cluster-centric radius. The composite population is dominated by evolved populations in the core, and gradually changes at radii greater than the virial radius to one which is similar to coeval field galaxies. We do not see evidence at any radius within the clusters for an excess of star formation over that seen in the coeval field. Within this redshift range, significant evolution in the fractional population gradient is seen. Both low and high redshift clusters have similar populations in the cluster cores, but higher redshift clusters have steeper gradients and more star forming galaxies at radii outside of the core region~-- in effect, a restatement of the Butcher-Oemler effect. Luminosity density profiles are consistent with a scenario where this phenomenon is due to a decline over time in the infall rate of field galaxies into clusters. Depending on how long galaxies reside in clusters before their star formation rates are diminished, this suggests a decrease in the infall into clusters of a factor of $\sim 3$ between $z > 0.8$ and $z \sim 0.5$. We also discuss alternative scenarios for the evolution of cluster populations.
description: ApJ, in press
Additional file 10 of Apicidin biosynthesis is linked to accessory chromosomes in Fusarium poae isolates
Creators: name: Witte, Thomas E.
name: Harris, Linda J.
name: Nguyen, Hai D. T.
name: Hermans, Anne
name: Johnston, Anne
name: Sproule, Amanda
name: Dettman, Jeremy R.
name: Boddy, Christopher N.
name: Overy, David P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Mirror plots of apicidin [M + Na] + (top), apicidin B [M + Na] + (middle), and apicidin C [M + Na] + (bottom). Upper spectra in each mirror plot represent experimentally derived fragmentation patterns from F. poae extracts, bottom spectra are from GNPS libraries (spectral matches
Trait evolution with jumps: illusionary normality
Creators: name: Bartoszek, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Phylogenetic comparative methods for real-valued traits usually make use of stochastic process whose trajectories are continuous. This is despite biological intuition that evolution is rather punctuated than gradual. On the other hand, there has been a number of recent proposals of evolutionary models with jump components. However, as we are only beginning to understand the behaviour of branching Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) processes the asymptotics of branching OU processes with jumps is an even greater unknown. In this work we build up on a previous study concerning OU with jumps evolution on a pure birth tree. We introduce an extinction component and explore via simulations, its effects on the weak convergence of such a process. We furthermore, also use this work to illustrate the simulation and graphic generation possibilities of the mvSLOUCH package.
description: http://kkzmbm.mimuw.edu.pl/?pageId=4&sprawId=23