cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A Middle to Late Holocene Record of Arroyo Cut-Fill Events in Kitchen Corral Wash, Southern Utah
Creators: name: Huff, William M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: This study examines middle to late Holocene episodes of arroyo incision and aggradation in the Kitchen Corral Wash (KCW), a tributary of the Paria River in southern Utah. Arroyos are entrenched channels in valley-fill alluvium, and are capable of capturing decadal- to centennial-scale fluctuations in watershed hydrology as evidenced by the Holocene cut-fill stratigraphy recorded within near-vertical arroyo-channel walls. KCW has experienced both historic (ca. 1880-1920 AD) and prehistoric (Holocene) episodes of arroyo cutting and filling. The near-synchronous timing of arroyo cut-fill events between the Paria River and regional drainages over the last - 1 have led some researchers to argue that arroyo development is climatically driven. However, the influence of allogenic (climate-related) or autogenic (geomorphic threshold) forcings on arroyo dynamics are less clear. Uncertainty in influence of the controlling mechanisms of arroyo cutting and filling is partly due to the limited or poorly dated alluvial chronologies. This study tests the applicability of AMS radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to reconstruct alluvial chronologies in dryland fluvial systems, such as the KCW arroyo. Results from 12 arroyo-wall study sites in KCW indicate that 24 of the 39 analyzed AMS radiocarbon sample s and preliminary results from 12 of the 14 OSL sample s returned strati graphically consistent ages. Applying a combination of these two dating techniques allowed for increased sampling opportunities and cross-checking of ages to determine aberrant age results. By using detailed stratigraphic panels, sedimentologic descriptions, and the age control from AMS radiocarbon and OSL dating, this study produces a new chronostratigraphy that suggests at least five arroyo cut-fill cycles during the middle to late Holocene with periods of aggradation at: - 4.3 5 - 3 .4 ka (Qfl ), - 3 .2 - 2.25 ka (Qf2), - 2. 15 - 1 .45 ka (Qf3), - 1.3 - 0.8 ka (Qf4), - 0. 7- 0.12 ka (Qf5), and an older period of aggradation from - 7 .3 - 4.85 ka identified in an earlier stud y. This newly developed KCW cut-fill chronostratigraphy is compared to regional alluvial and paleoclimate records to test hypotheses regarding allogenic or autogenic forcings. Regional alluvial chronologies do not show coherent patterns of arroyo cut -fill dynamics, but instead appear to be affected by both allogenic and autogenic influences.
Phase-locking dynamics of heterogeneous oscillator arrays
Creators: name: Lepri, Stefano
name: Pikovsky, Arkady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an array of nearest-neighbor coupled nonlinear autonomous oscillators with quenched random frequencies and purely conservative coupling. We show that global phase-locked states emerge in finite lattices and study numerically their destruction. Upon change of model parameters, such states are found to become unstable with the generation of localized periodic and chaotic oscillations. For weak nonlinear frequency dispersion, metastability occur akin to the case of almost-conservative systems. We also compare the results with the phase-approximation in which the amplitude dynamics is adiabatically eliminated.
description: Accepted for publication in Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, special issue in memory of prof. Tito Arecchi
Clostridium difficile ribotype 017 – characterization, evolution and epidemiology of the dominant strain in Asia
Creators: name: Imwattana, Korakrit
name: Knight, Daniel R.
name: Kullin, Brian
name: Collins, Deirdre A.
name: Putsathit, Papanin
name: Kiratisin, Pattarachai
name: Riley, Thomas V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Clostridium difficile ribotype (RT) 017 is an important toxigenic C. difficile RT which, due to a deletion in the repetitive region of the tcdA gene, only produces functional toxin B. Strains belonging to this RT were initially dismissed as nonpathogenic and circulated largely undetected for almost two decades until they rose to prominence following a series of outbreaks in the early 2000s. Despite lacking a functional toxin A, C. difficile RT 017 strains have been shown subsequently to be capable of causing disease as severe as that caused by strains producing both toxins A and B. While C. difficile RT 017 strains can be found in almost every continent today, epidemiological studies suggest that the RT is endemic in Asia and that the global spread of this MLST clade 4 lineage member is a relatively recent event. C. difficile RT 017 transmission appears to be mostly from human to human with only a handful of reports of isolations from animals. An important feature of C. difficile RT 017 strains is their resistance to several antimicrobials and this has been documented as a possible factor driving multiple outbreaks in different parts of the world. This review summarizes what is currently known regarding the emergence and evolution of strains belonging to C. difficile RT 017 as well as features that have allowed it to become an RT of global importance.
Small Oscillations of a Vortex Ring: Hamiltonian Formalism and Quantization
Creators: name: Talalov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article investigates small oscillations of a vortex ring with zero thickness that evolves under the Local Induction Equation (LIE). We deduce the differential equation that describes the dynamics of these oscillations. We suggest the new approach to the Hamiltonian description of this dynamic system. This approach is based on the extension of the set of dynamical variables by adding the circulation $Γ$ as a dynamical variable. The constructed theory is invariant under the transformations of the Galilei group. The appearance of this group allows for a new viewpoint on the energy of a vortex filament with zero thickness. We quantize this dynamical system and calculate the spectrum of the energy and acceptable circulation values. The physical states of the theory are constructed with help of coherent states for the Heisenberg -Weyl group.
description: 20 pages
Clostridium difficile ribotype 017 – characterization, evolution and epidemiology of the dominant strain in Asia
Creators: name: Imwattana, Korakrit
name: Knight, Daniel R.
name: Kullin, Brian
name: A. Collins, Deirdre
name: Putsathit, Papanin
name: Kiratisin, Pattarachai
name: V. Riley, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Clostridium difficile ribotype (RT) 017 is an important toxigenic C. difficile RT which, due to a deletion in the repetitive region of the tcdA gene, only produces functional toxin B. Strains belonging to this RT were initially dismissed as nonpathogenic and circulated largely undetected for almost two decades until they rose to prominence following a series of outbreaks in the early 2000s. Despite lacking a functional toxin A, C. difficile RT 017 strains have been shown subsequently to be capable of causing disease as severe as that caused by strains producing both toxins A and B. While C. difficile RT 017 strains can be found in almost every continent today, epidemiological studies suggest that the RT is endemic in Asia and that the global spread of this MLST clade 4 lineage member is a relatively recent event. C. difficile RT 017 transmission appears to be mostly from human to human with only a handful of reports of isolations from animals. An important feature of C. difficile RT 017 strains is their resistance to several antimicrobials and this has been documented as a possible factor driving multiple outbreaks in different parts of the world. This review summarizes what is currently known regarding the emergence and evolution of strains belonging to C. difficile RT 017 as well as features that have allowed it to become an RT of global importance.
Tuneable electron-magnon coupling of ferromagnetic surface states in PdCoO$_2$
Creators: name: Mazzola, Federico
name: Yim, Chi-Ming
name: Sunko, Veronika
name: Khim, Seunghyun
name: Kushwaha, Pallavi
name: Clark, Oliver J.
name: Bawden, Lewis
name: Marković, Igor
name: Chakraborti, Dibyashree
name: Kim, Timur K.
name: Hoesch, Moritz
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
name: Wahl, Peter
name: King, Philip D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling spin wave excitations in magnetic materials underpins the burgeoning field of magnonics. Yet, little is known about how magnons interact with the conduction electrons of itinerant magnets, or how this interplay can be controlled. Via a surface-sensitive spectroscopic approach, we demonstrate a strong and highly-tuneable electron-magnon coupling at the Pd-terminated surface of the delafossite oxide PdCoO$_2$, where a polar surface charge mediates a Stoner transition to itinerant surface ferromagnetism. We show how the coupling can be enhanced 7-fold with increasing surface disorder, and concomitant charge carrier doping, becoming sufficiently strong to drive the system into a polaronic regime, accompanied by a significant quasiparticle mass enhancement. Our study thus sheds new light on electron-magnon interactions in solid-state materials, and the ways in which these can be controlled.
Evolution and biological significance of flaviviral elements in the genome of the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Houé, Vincent
name: Gabiane, Gaelle
name: Dauga, Catherine
name: Suez, Marie
name: Madec, Yoann
name: Mousson, Laurence
name: Marconcini, Michele
name: Yen, Pei-Shi
name: de Lamballerie, Xavier
name: Bonizzoni, Mariangela
name: Failloux, Anna-Bella
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Since its genome details are publically available, the mosquito Aedes albopictus has become the central stage of attention for deciphering multiple biological and evolutionary aspects at the root of its success as an invasive species. Its genome of 1,967 Mb harbours an unusual high number of non-retroviral integrated RNA virus sequences (NIRVS). NIRVS are enriched in piRNA clusters and produce piRNAs, suggesting an antiviral effect. Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of NIRVS in geographically distant Ae. albopictus populations by comparing genetic variation as derived by neutral microsatellite loci and seven selected NIRVS. We found that the evolution of NIRVS was far to be neutral with variations both in their distribution and sequence polymorphism among Ae. albopictus populations. The Flaviviral elements AlbFlavi2 and AlbFlavi36 were more deeply investigated in their association with dissemination rates of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Ae. albopictus at both population and individual levels. Our results show a complex association between NIRVS and DENV/CHIKV opening a new avenue for investigating the functional role of NIRVS as antiviral elements shaping vector competence of mosquitoes to arboviruses.
Ab-initio computation of neutron-rich oxygen isotopes
Creators: name: Hagen, G.
name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Dean, D. J.
name: Hjorth-Jensen, M.
name: Asokan, B. Velamur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the binding energy of neutron-rich oxygen isotopes and employ the coupled-cluster method and chiral nucleon-nucleon interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order with two different cutoffs. We obtain rather well-converged results in model spaces consisting of up to 21 oscillator shells. For interactions with a momentum cutoff of 500 MeV, we find that 28O is stable with respect to 24O, while calculations with a momentum cutoff of 600 MeV result in a slightly unbound 28O. The theoretical error estimates due to the omission of the three-nucleon forces and the truncation of excitations beyond three-particle-three-hole clusters indicate that the stability of 28O cannot be ruled out from ab-initio calculations, and that three-nucleon forces and continuum effects play the dominant role in deciding this question.
description: 5 pages + eps, 3 figures
A Bilingual, OpenWorld Video Text Dataset and End-to-end Video Text Spotter with Transformer
Creators: name: Wu, Weijia
name: Cai, Yuanqiang
name: Zhang, Debing
name: Wang, Sibo
name: Li, Zhuang
name: Li, Jiahong
name: Tang, Yejun
name: Zhou, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most existing video text spotting benchmarks focus on evaluating a single language and scenario with limited data. In this work, we introduce a large-scale, Bilingual, Open World Video text benchmark dataset(BOVText). There are four features for BOVText. Firstly, we provide 2,000+ videos with more than 1,750,000+ frames, 25 times larger than the existing largest dataset with incidental text in videos. Secondly, our dataset covers 30+ open categories with a wide selection of various scenarios, e.g., Life Vlog, Driving, Movie, etc. Thirdly, abundant text types annotation (i.e., title, caption or scene text) are provided for the different representational meanings in video. Fourthly, the BOVText provides bilingual text annotation to promote multiple cultures live and communication. Besides, we propose an end-to-end video text spotting framework with Transformer, termed TransVTSpotter, which solves the multi-orient text spotting in video with a simple, but efficient attention-based query-key mechanism. It applies object features from the previous frame as a tracking query for the current frame and introduces a rotation angle prediction to fit the multiorient text instance. On ICDAR2015(video), TransVTSpotter achieves the state-of-the-art performance with 44.1% MOTA, 9 fps. The dataset and code of TransVTSpotter can be found at github:com=weijiawu=BOVText and github:com=weijiawu=TransVTSpotter, respectively.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Direct measurement of the local electrocaloric effect in 2D ferroelectric In${}_2$Se${}_3$ by Scanning Electrocaloric Thermometry
Creators: name: Spièce, Jean
name: Fonck, Valentin
name: Evangeli, Charalambos
name: Dobson, Phil S.
name: Weaver, Jonathan M. R.
name: Gehring, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrocaloric effect refers to the temperature change in a material when an electric field is applied or removed. Significant breakthroughs revealed its potential for solid-state cooling technologies in past decades. These devices offer a sustainable alternative to traditional vapor compression refrigeration, with advantages such as compactness, silent operation, and the absence of moving parts or refrigerants.
 Electrocaloric effects are typically studied using indirect methods using polarization data, and which suffer from inaccuracies related to assumptions about heat capacity. Direct methods, although more precise, require device fabrication and face challenges in studying meso- or nanoscale systems, like 2D materials, and materials with non-uniform polarization textures where high spatial resolution is required.
 In this study, a novel technique, Scanning Electrocaloric Thermometry, is introduced for characterizing the local electrocaloric effect in nanomaterials. This approach achieves high spatial resolution by locally applying electric fields and by simultaneously measuring the resulting temperature change. By employing AC excitation, the measurement sensitivity is further enhanced and the electrocaloric effect is disentangled from other heating mechanisms such as Joule heating and dielectric losses. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by examining electrocaloric and heat dissipation phenomena in two-dimensional In${}_2$Se${}_3$ micrometer-sized flakes.
Asymptotic enumeration and limit laws for graphs of fixed genus
Creators: name: Chapuy, Guillaume
name: Fusy, Eric
name: Gimenez, Omer
name: Mohar, Bojan
name: Noy, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that the number of labelled graphs with n vertices that can be embedded in the orientable surface S_g of genus g grows asymptotically like $c^{(g)}n^{5(g-1)/2-1}γ^n n!$ where $c^{(g)}>0$, and $γ\approx 27.23$ is the exponential growth rate of planar graphs. This generalizes the result for the planar case g=0, obtained by Gimenez and Noy. An analogous result for non-orientable surfaces is obtained. In addition, it is proved that several parameters of interest behave asymptotically as in the planar case. It follows, in particular, that a random graph embeddable in S_g has a unique 2-connected component of linear size with high probability.
title: Constraining Ice Advance and Linkages to Paleoclimate of Two Glacial Systems in the Olympic Mountains, Washington and the Southern Alps, New Zealand
Creators: name: Wyshnytzky, Cianna E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: This thesis investigated marine isotope stage {MIS) 3-2 glacial sequences in the South Fork Hoh River Valley, Washington and the Lake Hawea Valley, New Zealand. Research objectives were to reconstruct the style and timing of ice advance in both areas and to assess the viability of luminescence dating of glacial sediments in various depositional facies and distances from the ice front. This thesis focused on the sedimentology and stratigraphy of surficial and older glacial sequences in the South Fork Hoh and Lake Hawea areas and used OSL and radiocarbon dating techniques to establish age control for the deposits. Specifically, this research identified, described, and dated the stratigraphy of glacial sequences in order to reconstruct ice dynamics. This work also presents updated geomorphic maps for both study areas as an additional way to show ice advance and retreat events recorded in deposited sediment and geomorphic surfaces. The glacial sequence expressed in the Lake Hawea moraine exposure shows four distinct depositional events that represent retreat from an ice position down -valley, re-advance to the Hawea moraine position, and subsequent retreat and deglaciation broadly spanning -32-18 ka. These results document the terminal glacial advance and subsequent retreat in the Lake Hawea Valley and contribute to the wider swath of research studying the last phase of glacial retreat and its connections to climate on the South Island of New Zealand. The Hawea chronology corresponds to other glacial records and paleoclimate reconstructions from the South Island that collectively suggest the commencement of deglaciation at -13 ka. Three late Pleistocene ice positions are preserved in the South Fork Hoh River Valley, here referred to as South Fork 1-3 (SF 1-3). One of these positions has not previously been recognized in this valley or in the mainstem Hoh River Valley. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon (14C) ages are generally consistent throughout the valley. These finding s advocate for a detailed sedimentologic and stratigraphic approach to glacial depos its and questions whether a similar advance or still -stand occurred in other valleys in the region. If so, this may reveal information regarding climate influences on MIS 2 glaciers in the Olympic Mountains. This research also assesses the applicability of OSL dating to glacial deposits in both field areas. Quartz OSL dating was used in the South Fork Hoh study area; however, quartz produced unreliable results in the Hawea study area, so samples were therefore assessed using feldspar methods. The results advocate for a facies-based sampling approach in glacial settings, where better sorted sandy facies and more distal deposits produce better bleached and more reliable age results than other deposits.
title: The Evolution from Late Miocene West Salton Detachment Faulting to Cross-Cutting Pleistocene Oblique Strike-Slip Faults in the SW Salton Trough, Southern California
Creators: name: Steely, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2006

description: Field studies in the southwest Salton Trough between Yaqui Ridge and Borrego Mountain show that the West Salton detachment fault was active during the Pliocene and may have initiated during the latest Miocene. At Yaqui Ridge dominantly east-directed extension is recorded by slickenlines on the NW-striking detachment fault, and shows that the fault is actually a low-angle dextral oblique strike-slip fault. Crustal inheritance is responsible for the position of the fault at Yaqui Ridge, which reactivates a late Cretaceous reverse -sense mylonite zone at map scale. Late Miocene to Pliocene basin fill deposits at Borrego Mountain display progressive unconformities, contain detritus shed from the footwall and damage zone of the West Salton detachment fault, record the growth of a large hanging wall anticline, and document the initiation and evolution of the West Salton detachment fault. The Borrego Mountain anticline is a major hanging wall growth fold that trends - N60 °W and has at least 420 m of structural relief. The late Quaternary Sunset conglomerate is - 600 m thick, lies in angular unconformity on Pliocene basin fill, is bound on the SW by the dextral oblique Sunset fault, and coarsens upward and SW toward the fault. It is dominated by plutonic lithologies from nearby areas, contains up to 10% recycled sandstone clasts from Pliocene deposits, and was shed from the SW side of the then-active Sunset fault. Based on lithologic, stratigraphic, compositional similarities, we correlate this conglomerate to part of the - 1. I - 0.6 Ma Ocotillo Formation. The West Salton detachment fault was folded and deactivated at Yaqui Ridge by the dextral oblique San Felipe fault zone starting - 1. l - 1.3 Ma. The Sunset fault is in the middle of a complex left stepover between the San Felipe fault to the NW and the Fish Creek Mountains fault to the SE. Structural analyses and mapping show that syntec tonic conglomerate, the West Salton detachment fault, and footwall crystalline rocks all have similar fold geometries and record similar amounts of NE-SW shortening. The dominant SE-trending population of slip vectors on the Sunset fault is not present on the West Salton detachment fault and suggests limited or no activation of the older detachment fault by the younger fault zone.
title: Influences of Nitrogen Supply and Elevated CO2 on Nitrogen Consumption, Nitrogen Loss, Tissue Nitrogen Concentration, and Yield of Hydroponic Wheat
Creators: name: Ritchie, Karl B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: Wheat was grown hydroponically for 23 days ( early boot stage) in a controlled environment at NO3- concentrations of 100 and 1000 μ,M and CO2 levels of 360 and 1200 μ,mol mo1-1. Nitrogen consumption and transpiration were measured daily. Tissue nitrogen concentration, total biomass, and percent root mass were measured at harvest. Nitrogen recovery and nitrogen use efficiency were calculated. Elevated CO2 increased nitrogen consumption of the 100 μ,M NO3- treatment by 13.6% and the 1000 μ,M NO3- treatment by 21.3%. These increases were particularly evident during tillering and early grain fill. Whole plant nitrogen, shoot NO3-, and root NO3- concentrations were increased by elevated CO2. High CO2increased biomass by 15% and increased percent root mass by 11 %. Nitrogen recovery and nitrogen use efficiency were similar at both CO2 concentrations. Transpiration (L m-2ground d-1) decreased by 40% in elevated CO2. The 1000 μ,M NO3- treatment consumed more NO3- than did the 100 μ,M NO3- treatment (8.1% in ambient CO2, 15.5% in elevated CO2); this effect was most pronounced during the last 5 days of the experiment (flag leaf emergence and early grain fill). Percent root mass increased as N concentration decreased from 1000 to 100 μ,M. Nitrogen levels did not significantly affect tissue N concentration or biomass. Nitrogen losses increased as N supply increased; an average of 16% of the nitrogen added to the 100 μ,M NO3- treatment was lost, while the 1000 μ,M NO3- treatment lost 21%. Nitrogen use efficiency and transpiration were similar in both nitrogen treatments.
title: Superoptimal CO2 Reduces Seed Yield in Wheat
Creators: name: Grotenhuis, Timothy P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: Although projected terrestrial CO2 levels will not reach 1000 μmol moI-1 (0.1%) for many decades, CO2 levels in growth chambers and greenhouses routinely exceed that concentration. CO2 levels in life support systems in space can exceed 10,000 μmol moI-1 (1%) CO2. Numerous studies have examined CO2 effects up to 1000 μmol mol-1, but theoretical and some experimental evidence indicates that the beneficial effects of CO2 continue past 1000 μmol mol-1 and are near-optimal for wheat at about 1200 μmol mol-1.
We studied the effects of near-optimal and superoptimal CO2 levels (>1200 μmol mol-1) on yield of two cultivars of hydroponically grown wheat in 12 trials. Increasing CO2 from suboptimal to near-optimal (350 to 1200 μmol mol-1) increased vegetative growth by 25% and seed yield by 15% in both cultivars. Yield increases were primarily the result of an increased number of heads m-2. Further elevation of CO2 to 2500 μmol mol-1reduced seed yield by 22% in cv. 'Veery-10' and by 15% in cv. 'USU-Apogee'. Superoptimal CO2 did not decrease the number of heads m-2, but reduced seeds per head by 10% and mass per seed by 11%. CO2 toxicity occurred over a wide range of light levels. Subsequent trials revealed that superoptimal CO2 in the 2 weeks before and after anthesis mimicked the effect of constant superoptimal CO2. Furthermore, near-optimal CO2 in the 2 weeks before and after anthesis mimicked the effect of constant near-optimal CO2. Nutrient concentration of leaves and heads was not affected by CO2. The yield decreases may be a response mediated by ethylene.
Learning Personal Representations from fMRIby Predicting Neurofeedback Performance
Creators: name: Osin, Jhonathan
name: Wolf, Lior
name: Gurevitch, Guy
name: Keynan, Jackob Nimrod
name: Fruchtman-Steinbok, Tom
name: Or-Borichev, Ayelet
name: Balter, Shira Reznik
name: Hendler, Talma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a deep neural network method for learning a personal representation for individuals that are performing a self neuromodulation task, guided by functional MRI (fMRI). This neurofeedback task (watch vs. regulate) provides the subjects with a continuous feedback contingent on down regulation of their Amygdala signal and the learning algorithm focuses on this region's time-course of activity. The representation is learned by a self-supervised recurrent neural network, that predicts the Amygdala activity in the next fMRI frame given recent fMRI frames and is conditioned on the learned individual representation. It is shown that the individuals' representation improves the next-frame prediction considerably. Moreover, this personal representation, learned solely from fMRI images, yields good performance in linear prediction of psychiatric traits, which is better than performing such a prediction based on clinical data and personality tests. Our code is attached as supplementary and the data would be shared subject to ethical approvals.
title: Ammonium and Nitrate Effects on Growth, Development and Nutrient Uptake of Hydroponic Wheat
Creators: name: Hooten, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: The long-term effects of low and high NH4+/ NO3- uptake ratios in a system with rigorous control of pH and nitrogen concentration are poorly understood. In two replicate studies, two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were grown to maturity with three NH4+/ NO3- ratios in hydroponic solution: 0/100, 25/75, and 85/15%. Nitrogen was controlled at ample levels throughout the 70-d life cycle and pH was controlled at 5.8 ± 0.2. An equimolar ratio of NH4+ to Cl- was used to facilitate charge balance. Nitrogen consumption and transpiration were measured daily. Flag leaves were analyzed at 10-d intervals for total nitrogen, NO3--N, and essential elements. Essential nutrient elements in the biomass and seeds were measured at harvest. Yield components , nitrogen recovery, and nitrogen assimilation were calculated. There was no difference between the NO3- only (0/100) and the low NH4+ (25/75) treatments . The high NH4+ treatment (85/15) did not reduce vegetative biomass, but decreased seed yield and harvest index by 20%. The decrease was associated with a 23% reduction in seed number head-1. The high NH4+ treatment increased percent root mass by 50% and percent sterile heads by 800%, but increased assimilated N in the seeds by 30% and in the biomass by 130%. Supplemental additions of K were effective in preventing the reduction of K concentration in the wheat tissues typically caused by high NH4+, but the high NH4+ treatment decreased the concentrations of Ca, Mn, and Zn, and increased the concentrations of S, P, Fe, and B in the wheat tissue . The uptake of Mg and Cu was similar among all three treatments. Chloride concentrations in the flag leaves increased from 0.8% in the NO3- only treatment to 2.0% in the two NH4+ treatments. This research indicates that hydroponic wheat can be grown to maturity with high levels of NH4+ with a small reduction in grain yield.
Zero Sound and First Sound in a Disk-Shaped Normal Fermi gas
Creators: name: Mazzarella, Giovanni
name: Salasnich, Luca
name: Toigo, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero sound and the first sound in a dilute and ultracold disk-shaped normal Fermi gas with a strong harmonic confinement along the axial direction and uniform in the two planar directions. Working at zero temperature we calculate the chemical potential $μ$ of the fermionic fluid as a function of the uniform planar density $ρ$ and find that $μ$ changes its slope in correspondence to the filling of harmonic axial modes (shell effects). Within the linear response theory, and under the random phase approximation, we calculate the velocity $c^{0}_s$ of the zero sound. We find that also $c^0_s$ changes its slope in correspondence of the filling of the harmonic axial modes and that this effect depends on the Fermi-Fermi scattering length $a_F$. In the collisional regime, we calculate the velocity $c_s$ of first sound showing that $c_s$ displays jumps at critical densities fixed by the scattering length $a_F$. Finally, we discuss the experimental achievability of these zero sound and first sound waves with ultracold alkali-metal atoms.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, editorially approved for publication on Phys. Rev. A
PRA-Net: Point Relation-Aware Network for 3D Point Cloud Analysis
Creators: name: Cheng, Silin
name: Chen, Xiwu
name: He, Xinwei
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Bai, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning intra-region contexts and inter-region relations are two effective strategies to strengthen feature representations for point cloud analysis. However, unifying the two strategies for point cloud representation is not fully emphasized in existing methods. To this end, we propose a novel framework named Point Relation-Aware Network (PRA-Net), which is composed of an Intra-region Structure Learning (ISL) module and an Inter-region Relation Learning (IRL) module. The ISL module can dynamically integrate the local structural information into the point features, while the IRL module captures inter-region relations adaptively and efficiently via a differentiable region partition scheme and a representative point-based strategy. Extensive experiments on several 3D benchmarks covering shape classification, keypoint estimation, and part segmentation have verified the effectiveness and the generalization ability of PRA-Net. Code will be available at https://github.com/XiwuChen/PRA-Net .
description: 13 pages
Additional file 6 of Functional gene-guided enrichment plus in situ microsphere cultivation enables isolation of new crucial ureolytic bacteria from the rumen of cattle
Creators: name: Liu, Sijia
name: Yu, Zhongtang
name: Zhong, Huiyue
name: Zheng, Nan
name: Huws, Sharon
name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Zhao, Shengguo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Fig. 1. Optimization of isolation methodology of functional gene-guided enrichment plus in situ microsphere cultivation for ureolytic bacteria. A. A plot of ureC-positive wells vs. dilution; B. Distribution of agarose microsphere sizes (diameter); C. Percentage of agarose microspheres with embedded bacteria at different dilutions; D. Percentage of agarose microspheres with embedded single bacteria at different dilutions; E. Percentage of agarose microspheres with PCR-detected embedded bacteria with increasing incubation time; F. Percentage of agarose microsphere with PCR-detected single bacteria with increasing incubation time.
Electron-Hole Crossover in Graphene Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Guettinger, J.
name: Stampfer, C.
name: Libisch, F.
name: Frey, T.
name: Burgdoerfer, J.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the addition spectrum of a graphene quantum dot in the vicinity of the electron-hole crossover as a function of perpendicular magnetic field. Coulomb blockade resonances of the 50 nm wide dot are visible at all gate voltages across the transport gap ranging from hole to electron transport. The magnetic field dependence of more than 50 states displays the unique complex evolution of the diamagnetic spectrum of a graphene dot from the low-field regime to the Landau regime with the n=0 Landau level situated in the center of the transport gap marking the electron-hole crossover. The average peak spacing in the energy region around the crossover decreases with increasing magnetic field. In the vicinity of the charge neutrality point we observe a well resolved and rich excited state spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Astrometry and photometry with HST-WFC3. I. Geometric distortion corrections of F225W, F275W, F336W bands of the UVIS-channel
Creators: name: Bellini, A.
name: Bedin, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate geometric distortion solution for the Hubble Space Telescope UVIS-channel of Wide Field Camera 3 is the first step towards its use for high precision astrometry. In this work we present an average correction that enables a relative astrometric accuracy of ~1 mas (in each axis for well exposed stars) in three broad-band ultraviolet filters (F225W, F275W, and F336W). More data and a better understanding of the instrument are required to constrain the solution to a higher level of accuracy.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures (3 in low resolution), 3 tables. Accepted for publication in PASP on October 16 2009
Direct Distance Measurement to the Dusty White Dwarf GD 362
Creators: name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Thorstensen, John R.
name: Koester, Detlev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present trigonometric parallax observations of GD 362 obtained over seven epochs using the MDM 2.4m Hiltner Telescope. The existence of a dust disk around this possibly massive white dwarf makes it an interesting target for parallax observations. The measured parallax for GD 362 places it at a distance of 50.6 pc, which implies that its radius and mass are ~ 0.0106 Rsun and 0.71 Msun, respectively. GD 362 is not as massive as initially thought (1.2Msun). Our results are entirely consistent with the distance and mass estimates (52.2 pc and 0.73 Msun) by Zuckerman et al., who demonstrated that GD 362 has a helium dominated atmosphere. Dropping GD 362 from the list of massive white dwarfs, there are no white dwarfs with M > 0.9 Msun that are known to host circumstellar dust disks.
description: ApJ Letters, in press
VLT/MUSE and ATCA observations of the host galaxy of the short GRB 080905A at z=0.122
Creators: name: Guelbenzu, A. M. Nicuesa
name: Klose, S.
name: Schady, P.
name: Belczynski, K.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-GRB progenitors could come in various flavors, depending on the nature of the merging compact stellar objects (including a stellar-mass black hole or not) or depending on their ages (millions or billions of years). At a redshift of z=0.122, the nearly face-on spiral host of the short GRB 080905A is one of the closest short-GRB host galaxies identified so far. This made it a preferred target to explore spatially resolved star-formation and to investigate the afterglow position in the context of its star formation structures. We used VLT/MUSE integral-field unit observations, supplemented by ATCA 5.5/9.0 GHz radio-continuum measurements and publicly available HST data, to study the star-formation activity in the GRB 080905A host galaxy. The MUSE observations reveal that the entire host is characterized by strong line emission. Using the Halpha line flux, we measure for the entire galaxy an SFR of about 1.6 Msun/yr, consistent with its non-detection by ATCA. Several individual star-forming regions are scattered across the host. The most luminous region has a Halpha luminosity that is nearly four times as high as the luminosity of the Tarantula nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Even though star-forming activity can be traced as close to about 3 kpc (in projection) distance to the GRB explosion site, stellar population synthesis calculations show that none of the Halpha-bright star-forming regions is a likely birthplace of the short-GRB progenitor.
description: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, in press
Self-Supervised Image-to-Text and Text-to-Image Synthesis
Creators: name: Das, Anindya Sundar
name: Saha, Sriparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A comprehensive understanding of vision and language and their interrelation are crucial to realize the underlying similarities and differences between these modalities and to learn more generalized, meaningful representations. In recent years, most of the works related to Text-to-Image synthesis and Image-to-Text generation, focused on supervised generative deep architectures to solve the problems, where very little interest was placed on learning the similarities between the embedding spaces across modalities. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised deep learning based approach towards learning the cross-modal embedding spaces; for both image to text and text to image generations. In our approach, we first obtain dense vector representations of images using StackGAN-based autoencoder model and also dense vector representations on sentence-level utilizing LSTM based text-autoencoder; then we study the mapping from embedding space of one modality to embedding space of the other modality utilizing GAN and maximum mean discrepancy based generative networks. We, also demonstrate that our model learns to generate textual description from image data as well as images from textual data both qualitatively and quantitatively.
description: ICONIP 2021 : The 28th International Conference on Neural Information Processing
title: Predicting Transpiration rates of Hydroponically-Grown Plant Communities in Controlled Environments
Creators: name: Monje, Oscar
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: Canopy transpiration is a major factor determining crop evapotranspiration and energy budgets. Unfortunately the development of robust models of canopy transpiration is hindered by a lack of reliable data due to the difficulties of making canopy-scale measurements. However, measurements of canopy water vapor and carbon fluxes via gas exchange techniques are possible in controlled environments. Simultaneous measurements of transpiration, photosynthesis, and canopy temperature were made in wheat and soybean communities. These data were used to calculate chamber aerodynamic and canopy stomata! conductances, and to model the response of canopy transpiration to CO2concentration and vapor pressure deficit. Canopy stomata! conductance was found to decrease diurnally by 20-30% in well-watered crops grown under constant environmental conditions. The magnitude of this diurnal decrease in the canopy stomata! conductance of wheat and soybean decreased with increasing ambient CO2 concentrations. Eight models describing how canopy stomatal conductance responds to environmental changes were incorporated into a canopy transpiration model. The results and methods developed in this study will allow future physiologically-based canopy transpiration models to incorporate these models for predicting the response of transpiration rates in controlled environments.
Vibrio vulnificus RtxA1 cytotoxin targets filamin A to regulate PAK1- and MAPK-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization and cell death
Creators: name: Guo, Rui Hong
name: Im, Young Jun
name: Shin, Soo Im
name: Jeong, Kwangjoon
name: Rhee, Joon Haeng
name: Kim, Young Ran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Cytoskeletal rearrangement and acute cytotoxicity occur in Vibrio vulnificus-infected host cells. RtxA1 toxin, a multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX), is essential for the pathogenesis of V. vulnificus and the programmed necrotic cell death. In this study, HeLa cells expressing RtxA1 amino acids 1491–1971 fused to GFP were observed to be rounded. Through yeast two-hybrid screening and subsequent immunoprecipitation validation assays, we confirmed the specific binding of a RtxA11491–1971 fragment with host-cell filamin A, an actin cross-linking scaffold protein. Downregulation of filamin A expression decreased the cytotoxicity of RtxA1 toward host cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPKs was induced by the RtxA1-filamin A interaction during the toxin-mediated cell death. However, the phosphorylation of these MAPKs was not observed during the RtxA1 intoxication of filamin A-deficient M2 cells. In addition, the depletion of pak1, which appeared to be activated by the RtxA1-filamin A interaction, inhibited RtxA1-induced phosphorylation of JNK and p38, and the cells treated with a pak1 inhibitor exhibited decreased RtxA1-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement and cytotoxicity. Thus, the binding of filamin A by the RtxA11491–1971 domain appears to be a requisite to pak1-mediated MAPK activation, which contributes to the cytoskeletal reorganization and host cell death.
Quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains with exchange and single--ion anisotropies
Creators: name: Peters, D.
name: Culloch, I. P. Mc
name: Selke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density matrix renormalization group calculations, ground state properties of the spin-1 Heisenberg chain with exchange and quadratic single-ion anisotropies in an external field are studied, for special choices of the two kinds of anisotropies. In particular, the phase diagram includes antiferromagnetic, spin-liquid (or spin-flop), (10), and supersolid (or biconical) phases. Especially, new features of the spin-liquid and supersolid phases are discussed. Properties of the quantum chains are compared to those of corresponding classical spin chains.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, ICM09
Additional file 1 of A comparison of self-reported and proxy-reported health utilities in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiang, Mingyu
name: Ma, Yue
name: Li, Minghui
name: Meng, Rui
name: Ma, Aixia
name: Chen, Pingyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: PRISMA checklist. Appendix 2: Search terms and strategy. Appendix 3: Risk of bias assessment by Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Appendix 4: Weighted mean differences in health utilities between self- and proxy-reports by health conditions and valuation methods. Appendix 5: Weighted mean differences in health utilities between self- and proxy-reports by health conditions and proxy types.