cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Hadamard Determinant Inequality - Extensions to Operators on a Hilbert Space
Creators: name: Nayak, Soumyashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47C15, 11C20

description: A generalization of classical determinant inequalities like Hadamard's inequality and Fischer's inequality is studied. For a version of the inequalities originally proved by Arveson for positive operators in von Neumann algebras with a tracial state, we give a different proof. We also improve and generalize to the setting of finite von Neumann algebras, some `Fischer-type' inequalities by Matic for determinants of perturbed positive-definite matrices. In the process, a conceptual framework is established for viewing these inequalities as manifestations of Jensen's inequality in conjunction with the theory of operator monotone and operator convex functions on $[0,\infty)$. We place emphasis on documenting necessary and sufficient conditions for equality to hold.
description: 21 pages, minor revision (see Corollary 4.3, Remark 4.12) based on referee comments, accepted for publication in JFA
Collisionless tearing instability in relativistic non-thermal pair plasma and its application to MHD turbulence
Creators: name: Demidov, Ivan
name: Lyubarsky, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisionless tearing instability with a power-law distribution function in a relativistic pair plasma with a guide field is studied. When the current sheet is supported by plasma pressure, the tearing mode is suppressed as the particle spectrum hardens. In the force-free limit, the instability growth rate becomes independent of the particle spectrum. We apply these results to relativistic MHD turbulence, where magnetic energy greatly exceeds plasma rest energy, and derive an expression for the transverse size of turbulent eddies unstable to tearing mode. We also establish the critical plasma magnetization parameter above which charge starvation prevents the tearing instability. These results might be useful for developing more accurate models of particle acceleration in relativistic astrophysical sources.
Diagonozus Enderlein 1903
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
name: Eardley, Connal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Diagonozus

description: Key to the species in Diagonozus Enderlein, 1903
Males only:
 1) Segments 6 to 11 of antennae with notches and curved (fig. 3a)............................................................................................................................................... T. bicometes (Enderlein, 1903)
 - Segments 8 to 11 of antennae with notches and almost straight (fig. 3b)................................................................................................................................. T. lettowvorbecki Blüthgen, 1930
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 1-76 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 12 on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13486944
A perturbation theory approach to the stability of the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator
Creators: name: Avendaño-Camacho, Misael
name: Vallejo, José A.
name: Vorobiev, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H09, 70H12, 70H14, 53D20

description: We present a detailed analysis of the orbital stability of the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator, using Lie-Deprit series and Hamiltonian normal form theories. In particular, we explicitly describe the reduced phase space for this Hamiltonian system and give a proof for the existence of stable orbits for a certain class of self-interaction, found numerically in previous works, by using singular symplectic reduction.
description: 2 Figures. Second version. Updated bibliography and added some comments about previous works in the field
Multislip Friction with a Single Ion
Creators: name: Counts, Ian
name: Gangloff, Dorian
name: Bylinskii, Alexei
name: Hur, Joonseok
name: Islam, Rajibul
name: Vuletic, Vladan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A trapped ion transported along a periodic potential is studied as a paradigmatic nanocontact frictional interface. The combination of the periodic corrugation potential and a harmonic trapping potential creates a one-dimensional energy landscape with multiple local minima, corresponding to multistable stick-slip friction. We measure the probabilities of slipping to the various minima for various corrugations and transport velocities. The observed probabilities show that the multislip regime can be reached dynamically at smaller corrugations than would be possible statically, and can be described by an equilibrium Boltzmann model. While a clear microscopic signature of multislip behavior is observed for the ion motion, the frictional force and dissipation are only weakly affected by the transition to multistable potentials.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
(Eothrincostoma) Bluthgen 1930
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
name: Eardley, Connal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia

description: Key to the species in Eothrincostoma Blüthgen, 1930
1) Female: notches on segments 9 to 12 of antennae (fig. 4a). Male: notches on segments 9 to
 13 of antennae (fig. 4b); apical lobe of hind tibia as in fig. 23 ….... T. torridum (Smith, 1879)
 - Female: notches on segments 7 to 12 of antennae (fig. 4c). Male: notches on segments 6 to 13 of antennae (fig. 4d); apical lobe of hind tibia of male as in fig. 20 …......................................................................................................................................... T. silvaticum Blüthgen, 1930
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 1-76 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 12 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13486944
Renormalization group equation analysis of a pseudoscalar portal dark matter model
Creators: name: Ghorbani, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vacuum stability and perturbativity of a pseudoscalar portal dark matter model with a Dirac dark matter (DM) candidate, through the renormalization group equation analysis at one-loop order. The model has a particular feature which can evade the direct detection upper bounds measured by XENON100 and even that from planned experiment XENON1T. We first find the viable regions in the parameter space which will give rise to correct DM relic density and comply with the constraints from Higgs physics. We show that for a given mass of the pseudoscalar, the mixing angle plays no significant role in the running of the couplings. Then we study the running of the couplings for various pseudoscalar masses at mixing angle $θ= 6^\circ$, and find the scale of validity in terms of the dark coupling, $λ_{d}$. Depending on our choice of the cutoff scale, the resulting viable parameter space will be determined.
description: 14 pages, fig 5 improved, journal version
VII Reunión de Coordinación de las Redes LILACS y BVS: 2020 - Nuevos criterios de seleccion y permanencia revistas LILACS
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: LILACS database
LILACS network coordination
LILACS methodology

description: VII Reunión de Coordinación LILACS 08/09/2020 Tema : Celebración de LILACS 35 años y revisión nuevos Critérios de Selección y Permanencia de revistas em LILACS Sepa más en: https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/reunion-de-coordinacion-de-la-red-lilacs-2020/
Spin-polarized quasi 1D state with finite bandgap on the Bi/InSb(001) surface
Creators: name: Kishi, J.
name: Ohtsubo, Y.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Yaji, K.
name: Harasawa, A.
name: Komori, F.
name: Shin, S.
name: Rault, J. E.
name: Fèvre, P. Le
name: Bertran, F.
name: Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.
name: Nurmamat, M.
name: Yamane, H.
name: Ideta, S.
name: Tanaka, K.
name: Kimura, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional (1D) electronic states were discovered on 1D surface atomic structure of Bi fabricated on semiconductor InSb(001) substrates by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). The 1D state showed steep, Dirac-cone-like dispersion along the 1D atomic structure with a finite direct bandgap opening as large as 150 meV. Moreover, spin-resolved ARPES revealed the spin polarization of the 1D unoccupied states as well as that of the occupied states, the orientation of which inverted depending on the wave vector direction parallel to the 1D array on the surface. These results reveal that a spin-polarized quasi-1D carrier was realized on the surface of 1D Bi with highly efficient backscattering suppression, showing promise for use in future spintronic and energy-saving devices.
description: 9 pages (4 figures for the main text, 7 for supplemental material). To be published in Physical Review Materials (Copyright is transferred to APS)
Revisiting optical tidal disruption events with iPTF16axa
Creators: name: Hung, T.
name: Gezari, S.
name: Blagorodnova, N.
name: Roth, N.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Horesh, A.
name: Arcavi, I.
name: McCully, C.
name: Yan, Lin
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Cao, Y.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Wozniak, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) of a candidate tidal disruption event (TDE) iPTF16axa at $z=0.108$, and present its broadband photometric and spectroscopic evolution from 3 months of follow-up observations with ground-based telescopes and Swift. The light curve is well fitted with a $t^{-5/3}$ decay, and we constrain the rise-time to peak to be $
description: 17 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Thrinchostoma de Saussure 1890
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
name: Eardley, Connal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Thrinchostoma

description: Genus Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890
 Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890: 52.
 Type species: Thrinchostoma renitantely de Saussure, 1890 by monotypy; Blüthgen, 1930: 495–542; Michener, 1978: 507, 520, 521–525, 537–538; Michener, 1997: 58; Pauly, 1999: 142, 154–155; Pauly In: Pauly et al., 2001: 82–101.
 Trichostoma [!] de Saussure: Dalla Torre, 1896: 381, unjustified emendation of Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890; Friese 1909a: 150.
 Thricostoma [!] de Saussure: Dalla Torre, 1896: 641, unjustified emendation of Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890; Blüthgen, 1928: 1930.
 Trinchchostoma [!] de Saussure: Ashmead, 1899: 91, lapsus for Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890.
 Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) de Saussure: Michener, 1978: 523–524; Pauly, 1984: 144– 145; Michener, 2000: 374; Pauly In: Pauly et al., 2001: 82–101.
 Nesothrincostoma Blüthgen, 1933: 364.
 Type species: Thrinchostoma serricorne Blüthgen, 1933, by monotypy; Michener, 1997: 41. syn.
 Diagonozus Enderlein, 1903: 35.
 Type species: Diagonozus bicometes Enderlein, 1903, by monotypy; Michener, 1997: 20.
 Thrinchostoma (Diagonozus) Enderlein: Michener, 1978: 525; Michener, 2000: 374.
 Thrinchostoma (Eothrincostoma) Blüthgen, 1930: 496, 501.
 Type species: Halictus torridus Smith, 1879, designated by Sandhouse, 1943; Michener, 1978: 523; Michener, 1997: 22; Michener, 2000: 374.
 DIAGNOSIS. The genus Thrinchostoma differs from other African Halictine bees by the long malar area in both sexes. The male has the hind tibiae with an apical enlargement named « apical lobe ». Setae on apical margins of terga orientated laterally.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 1-76 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 12 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13486944
FAIR Epigraphy: Too many database? Or just not enough linked data?
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
name: Horster, Marietta
name: Hermankova, Petra
name: Asif, Imran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Epigraphy
FAIR
Open Access
Linked Data

description: A presentation and summary of the aims of the FAIR Epigraphy project
Fast Vortex Oscillations in a Ferrimagnetic Disk near the Angular Momentum Compensation Point
Creators: name: Kim, Se Kwon
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the oscillatory dynamics of a vortex core in a ferrimagnetic disk near its angular momentum compensation point, where the spin density vanishes but the magnetization is finite. Due to the finite magnetostatic energy, a ferrimagnetic disk of suitable geometry can support a vortex as a ground state similar to a ferromagnetic disk. In the vicinity of the angular momentum compensation point, the dynamics of the vortex resemble those of an antiferromagnetic vortex, which is described by equations of motion analogous to Newton's second law for the motion of particles. Owing to the antiferromagnetic nature of the dynamics, the vortex oscillation frequency can be an order of magnitude larger than the frequency of a ferromagnetic vortex, amounting to tens of GHz in common transition-metal based alloys. We show that the frequency can be controlled either by applying an external field or by changing the temperature. In particular, the latter property allows us to detect the angular momentum compensation temperature, at which the lowest eigenfrequency attains its maximum, by performing FMR measurements on the vortex disk. Our work proposes a ferrimagnetic vortex disk as a tunable source of fast magnetic oscillations and a useful platform to study the properties of ferrimagnets.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (accepted for publication in Appl. Phys. Lett.)
Unified phase diagram for iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Gu, Yanhong
name: Liu, Zhaoyu
name: Xie, Tao
name: Zhang, Wenliang
name: Gong, Dongliang
name: Hu, Ding
name: Ma, Xiaoyan
name: Li, Chunhong
name: Zhao, Lingxiao
name: Lin, Lifang
name: Xu, Zhuang
name: Tan, Guotai
name: Chen, Genfu
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Yang, Yi-feng
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Li, Shiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature superconductivity is closely adjacent to a long-range antiferromagnet, which is called a parent compound. In cuprates, all parent compounds are alike and carrier doping leads to superconductivity, so a unified phase diagram can be drawn. However, the properties of parent compounds for iron-based superconductors show significant diversity and both carrier and isovalent dopings can cause superconductivity, which casts doubt on the idea that there exists a unified phase diagram for them. Here we show that the ordered moments in a variety of iron pnictides are inversely proportional to the effective Curie constants of their nematic susceptibility. This unexpected scaling behavior suggests that the magnetic ground states of iron pnictides can be achieved by tuning the strength of nematic fluctuations. Therefore, a unified phase diagram can be established where superconductivity emerges from a hypothetical parent compound with a large ordered moment but weak nematic fluctuations, which suggests that iron-based superconductors are strongly correlated electron systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
A counterexample to the easy direction of the geometric Gersten conjecture
Creators: name: Cohen, David Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 20F65

description: For finitely generated groups H and G, equipped with word metrics, a translation-like action of H on G is a free action such that each element of H acts by a map which has finite distance from the identity map in the uniform metric. For example, if H is a subgroup of G, then right translation by elements of H yields a translation-like action of H on G. Whyte asked whether a group with no translation-like action by a Baumslag-Solitar group must be hyperbolic, where the free abelian group of rank 2 is understood to be a Baumslag-Solitar group. We show that the converse of this conjecture is false, and in particular the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold admits a translation-like action by the free abelian group of rank 2.
description: 5 pages, updated to clarify Whyte's question and mention relevant recent work of Jiang on the other direction of the geometric Gersten conjecture
Braided Hopf algebras from twisting
Creators: name: Bochniak, Arkadiusz
name: Sitarz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R50, 16T05, 18D10

description: We show that a class of braided Hopf algebras, which includes the braided $SU_q(2)$ is obtained by twisting. We show further examples and demonstrate that twisting of bicovariant differential calculi gives braided bicovariant differential calculi.
description: 16 pages
Spin transfer due to quantum fluctuations of magnetization
Creators: name: Zholud, Andrei
name: Freeman, Ryan
name: Cao, Rongxing
name: Srivastava, Ajit
name: Urazhdin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin transfer - the transfer of angular momentum from spin-polarized electrical current to magnetic materials - has been extensively researched as an efficient mechanism for the electronic manipulation of the static and dynamic states in nanomagnetic systems, advancing our understanding of nanomagnetism and electronic transport, and enabling the development of energy-efficient magnetic nanodevices. Our present understanding of spin transfer is based on the classical approximation for the magnetization, even though the spin-polarized electrons mediating spin transfer are treated quantum-mechanically. Here, we utilize a nanoscale magnetic spin-valve structure to demonstrate that quantum zero-point fluctuations of magnetization, neglected in the existing theories of spin transfer, provide the dominant contribution to this effect at cryogenic temperatures, and remain non-negligible even at room temperature. The demonstrated quantum spin transfer (QST) is distinguished by a non-smooth piecewise-linear dependence of the fluctuation intensity on current, and can be driven not only by the directional flows of electrons, but also by their thermal motion. This effect can enhance current-induced phenomena, overcoming the efficiency limitations that are presently perceived as fundamental to the spin transfer mechanism.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Proton Cumulants and Correlation Functions in Au + Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$=7.7-200 GeV from UrQMD Model
Creators: name: He, Shu
name: Luo, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the acceptance dependence of proton cumulants (up to fourth order) and correlation functions in 0--5\% most central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\text{NN}}$=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV from UrQMD model. We found that high order proton cumulants show suppressions at large acceptance. By decomposing the proton cumulants into linear combination of multi-proton correlation functions, we observed the two-proton correlation functions always show negative values due to the effects of baryon number conservations. The three and four-proton correlation functions are close to zero and show negligible acceptance dependence. We further observed that the proton cumulants and correlation functions follow similar trends and show a scaling behavior when plotting the results versus mean number of protons. The comparisons between experimental data and the UrQMD calculations show that the non-monotonic energy dependence of proton correlation functions measured by STAR experiment cannot be described by the UrQMD model. The UrQMD calculations can provide us baselines for the experimental studies of the proton cumulants and correlation functions. Finally, we propose to measure the rapidity dependence of the reduced proton correlation functions to search for the QCD critical point in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by Physics Letters B
A Tabulation of Ribbon Knots in Tangle Form
Creators: name: Khesin, Andrey Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is known that there are 21 ribbon knots with 10 crossings or fewer. We show that for every ribbon knot, there exists a tangle that satisfies two properties associated with the knot. First, under a specific closure, the closed tangle is equivalent to its corresponding knot. Second, under a different closure, the closed tangle is equivalent to the unlink. For each of these 21 ribbon knots, we present a 4-strand tangle that satisfies these properties. We provide diagrams of these tangles and also express them in planar diagram notation.
description: 12 pages, see page 11 for tangle diagrams, see page 12 for tangle information, and see page 9 for link to the table contents
DETECTING MALICIOUS WEBSITES USING DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHM: A FEED-FORWARD NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH
Creators: name: Taylor, Onate Egerton
Publisher: name: CARSON JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Malicious websites, machine learning, feed-forward neural network, support vector machines, lexical features, Flask framework

description: The internet has become a vulnerable platform due to an increase in malicious websites. As millions of users access online services daily, hackers continuously launch attacks, resulting in financial, personality, and malware thefts. To address this serious threat, machine learning algorithms such as support vector machines (SVM) have been used to identify and flag malicious websites. This paper proposes a robust model for detecting malicious websites using a feed-forward neural network (FFNN) algorithm. The model was trained using a dataset of 48,006 legitimate websites and an equal number of malicious websites to achieve an accuracy level of 97%.The process of deriving features from a URL plays an integral role in the model's ability to identify malicious websites. Lexical features, such as the number of dots and the length of the url, were used to prepare the dataset for training. The FFNN algorithm was then applied to the dataset, which resulted in the creation of a deep-learning model that was deployed using the Flask framework to enable users to enter website URLs for detection.

The proposed model offers a robust tool for detecting malicious websites with a high degree of accuracy. The model provides a promising solution for addressing the risks associated with malicious websites and can serve as a foundation for further study and implementation using other machine learning algorithms
Resource-aware System Architecture Model for Implementation of Quantum aided Byzantine Agreement on Quantum Repeater Networks
Creators: name: Taherkhani, M. Amin
name: Navi, Keivan
name: Van Meter, Rodney
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum aided Byzantine agreement (QBA) is an important distributed quantum algorithm with unique features in comparison to classical deterministic and randomized algorithms, requiring only a constant expected number of rounds in addition to giving higher level of security. In this paper, we analyze details of the high level multi-party algorithm, and propose elements of the design for the quantum architecture and circuits required at each node to run the algorithm on a quantum repeater network. Our optimization techniques have reduced the quantum circuit depth by 44\% and the number of qubits in each node by 20\% for a minimum five-node setup compared to the design based on the standard arithmetic circuits. These improvements lead to an architecture with $KQ \approx 1.3 \times 10^{5}$ per node and error threshold $1.1 \times 10^{-6}$ for the total nodes in the network. The evaluation of the designed architecture shows that to execute the algorithm once on the minimum setup, we need to successfully distribute a total of 648 Bell pairs across the network, spread evenly between all pairs of nodes. This framework can be considered a starting point for establishing a road-map for light-weight demonstration of a distributed quantum application on quantum repeater networks.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
A Third-Law Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane
Creators: name: Marquet, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The moist-air entropy can be used to analyze and better understand the general circulation of the atmosphere or convective motions. Isentropic analyses are commonly based on studies of different equivalent potential temperatures, all of which are assumed to fully represent the entropy of moist air. It is, however, possible to rely either on statistical physics or the third law of thermodynamics when defining and computing the absolute entropy of moist air and to study the corresponding third-law potential temperature, which is different from the previous ones. The third law assumes that the entropy for the most stable crystalline state of all substances is zero when approaching absolute zero temperature. This paper shows that the way all these moist-air potential temperatures are defined has a large impact on: (i) the plotting of the isentropes for a simulation of the Hurricane DUMILE; (ii) the changes in moist-air entropy computed for a steam cycle defined for this Hurricane; (iii) the analyses of isentropic stream functions computed for this Hurricane; and (iv) the computations of the heat input, the work function, and the efficiency defined for this steam cycle. The moist-air entropy is a state function and the isentropic analyses must be completely determined by the local moist-air conditions. The large differences observed between the different formulations of moist-air entropy are interpreted as proof that the isentropic analyses of moist-air atmospheric motions must be achieved by using the third-law potential temperature defined from general thermodynamics.
description: Paper published in the Journal of the Atmospheric Science (26 pages, 11 colour Figures, 7 Tables)
Photon-Axion Conversion, Magnetic Field Configuration, and Polarization of Photons
Creators: name: Masaki, Emi
name: Aoki, Arata
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of photon polarization during the photon-axion conversion process with focusing on the magnetic field configuration dependence. Most previous studies have been carried out in a conventional model where a network of magnetic domains is considered and each domain has a constant magnetic field. We investigate a more general model where a network of domains is still assumed, but each domain has a helical magnetic field. We find that the asymptotic behavior does not depend on the configuration of magnetic fields. Remarkably, we analytically obtain the asymptotic values of the variance of polarization in the conventional model. When the helicity is small, we show that there appears the damped oscillating behavior in the early stage of evolution. Moreover, we see that the constraints on the axion coupling and the cosmological magnetic fields using polarization observations are affected by the magnetic field configuration. This is because the different transient behavior of polarization dynamics is caused by the different magnetic field configuration. Recently, [C. Wang and D. Lai, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06 (2016) 006.] claimed that the photon-axion conversion in helical model behaves peculiarly. However, our helical model gives much closer predictions to the conventional discontinuous magnetic field configuration model.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, published version
Devil's Staircase Continuum in the Chiral Clock Spin Glass with Competing Ferromagnetic-Antiferromagnetic and Left-Right Chiral Interactions
Creators: name: Caglar, Tolga
name: Berker, A. Nihat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral clock spin-glass model with q=5 states, with both competing ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic and left-right chiral frustrations, is studied in d=3 spatial dimensions by renormalization-group theory. The global phase diagram is calculated in temperature, antiferromagnetic bond concentration p, random chirality strength, and right-chirality concentration c. The system has a ferromagnetic phase, a multitude of different chiral phases, a chiral spin-glass phase, and a critical (algebraically) ordered phase. The ferromagnetic and chiral phases accumulate at the disordered phase boundary and form a spectrum of devil's staircases, where different ordered phases characteristically intercede at all scales of phase-diagram space. Shallow and deep reentrances of the disordered phase, bordered by fragments of regular and temperature-inverted devil's staircases, are seen. The extremely rich phase diagrams are presented as continuously and qualitatively changing videos.
description: Published version. 10 pages, 7 figures, 26 phase diagrams, 4 devil's staircase videos
SU($N$) symmetry with ultracold alkali dimers: weak dependence of scattering properties on hyperfine state
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Bijit
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospect of using ultracold alkali diatomic molecules to implement many-body quantum systems with SU($N$) symmetry. Experimentally accessible molecules offer large $N$ for both bosonic and fermionic systems, with both attractive and repulsive interactions. We carry out coupled-channel scattering calculations on pairs of NaK, NaRb and NaCs molecules that are shielded from destructive collisions with static electric fields. We develop new methods to handle the very large basis sets required to include nuclear spins. We show that all the molecules studied have the properties required for SU($N$) symmetry: the collisions are principally elastic, and the scattering lengths depend only weakly on the spin states of the molecules. The rates of spin-changing inelastic collisions are very low. We develop and test a semiclassical model of the spin dependence and find that it performs well.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, and 6 tables
"madgraph_cards_pseudo_dm.tar.gz" of "Search for new physics in events with a leptonically decaying Z boson and a large transverse momentum imbalance in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2018

description: Madgraph cards for the pseudoscalar DM signal.
description: A search for new physics in events with a Z boson produced in association with large missing transverse momentum at the LHC is presented.The search is based on the 2016 data sample of proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV,corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$.The results of this search are interpreted in terms of a simplified model of dark matter production via spin-0 or spin-1 mediators,a scenario with a standard-model-like Higgs boson produced in association with the Z boson and decaying invisibly,a model of unparticle production, and a model with large extra spatial dimensions.No significant deviations from the background expectations are found, and limits are set on relevant model parameters, significantly extending the results previously achieved in this channel.
On the covariance of teleparallel gravity theories
Creators: name: Golovnev, Alexey
name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Sandstad, Marit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basics of teleparallel gravity and its extensions are reviewed with particular emphasis on the problem of Lorentz-breaking choice of connection in pure-tetrad versions of the theories. Various possible ways to covariantise such models are discussed. A by-product is a new form of $f(T)$ field equations.
description: 14 pages; final version accepted by CQG
Dark Catalysis
Creators: name: Agrawal, Prateek
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Randall, Lisa
name: Scholtz, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that dark matter with mass of order the weak scale can be charged under a new long-range force, decoupled from the Standard Model, with only weak constraints from early Universe cosmology. Here we consider the implications of an additional charged particle $C$ that is light enough to lead to significant dissipative dynamics on galactic times scales. We highlight several novel features of this model, which can be relevant even when the $C$ particle constitutes only a small fraction of the number density (and energy density). We assume a small asymmetric abundance of the $C$ particle whose charge is compensated by a heavy $X$ particle so that the relic abundance of dark matter consists mostly of symmetric $X$ and $\bar{X}$, with a small asymmetric component made up of $X$ and $C$. As the universe cools, it undergoes asymmetric recombination binding the free $C$s into $(XC)$ dark atoms efficiently. Even with a tiny asymmetric component, the presence of $C$ particles catalyzes tight coupling between the heavy dark matter $X$ and the dark photon plasma that can lead to a significant suppression of the matter power spectrum on small scales and lead to some of the strongest bounds on such dark matter theories. We find a viable parameter space where structure formation constraints are satisfied and significant dissipative dynamics can occur in galactic haloes but show a large region is excluded. Our model shows that subdominant components in the dark sector can dramatically affect structure formation.
description: 24 pages + appendices, 7 figures. v2: references added, updated figures, matches published version
O(alpha_s alpha_t) (non)decoupling effects within the top-sector of the MSSM
Creators: name: Mihaila, L.
name: Zerf, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the $\mathcal{O}(α_s α_t)$ threshold corrections to the running strong coupling constant, the top-Yukawa coupling and the top-quark mass within the MSSM. These parameters present a non-decoupling behaviour with the supersymmetry scale $M_{\rm SUSY}$. Our numerical analysis shows that the mixed QCD-Yukawa corrections can amount to few GeV for the running top-quark mass and range at the percent level for the top-Yukawa coupling.
description: References added; new lines in the plots displayed; more details about the calculation included
Hiding in Plain Site: A Turing Test on Fake Persona Spotting
Creators: name: Mckenzie, Grace
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: This research investigated the ability of humans to accurately detect fake
 Facebook profiles. The prevalence of fake profiles on social media
 provides a consistent threat to users from malicious actors and
 computer-generated identities. This study wanted to move away from
 software and algorithm focused attempts to counter these threats and
 instead put the emphasis on the individual and their ability to detect a
 fake profile. Participants were shown a series of fake Facebook profiles
 (created specifically for this research) and real Facebook profiles and
 tasked with judging the authenticity of said profiles. Participants were
 also asked to identify the areas of the profile they had used to make
 their decision using heatmap software. Across the six studies within this
 research, new experimental manipulations were introduced each time in the
 form of time pressure, cross-cultural profiles, and training
 interventions. This approach allowed for investigation into the conditions
 that have the greatest influence over participants judgement accuracy, and
 also aligned the studies more closely with real world aspects of decision
 making in the online world. Participants were more accurate at correctly
 identifying real profiles as real than they were at correctly identifying
 fake profiles as fake, and fake profiles with a higher number of
 manipulated characteristics (4 Fakes) were judged more accurately than
 those with fewer (2 Fakes) or zero characteristics (0 Fakes). However,
 their judgment accuracy was often no better than that of chance.
 Additionally, participants in all studies relied heavily upon the visual
 stimuli of the profiles (manipulated characteristic Photo Type) to inform
 their authenticity judgements. The insights gathered from this study add
 to the literature around online deception, establish a foundation for
 future research with a person-centric approach, and inform the design of
 future studies exploring similar themes.
Elliptic Painlevé equations from next-nearest-neighbor translations on the $E_8^{(1)}$ lattice
Creators: name: Joshi, Nalini
name: Nakazono, Nobutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known elliptic discrete Painlevé equation of Sakai is constructed by a standard translation on the $E_8^{(1)}$ lattice, given by nearest neighbor vectors. In this paper, we give a new elliptic discrete Painlevé equation obtained by translations along next-nearest-neighbor vectors. This equation is a generic (8-parameter) version of a 2-parameter elliptic difference equation found by reduction from Adler's partial difference equation, the so-called Q4 equation. We also provide a projective reduction of the well known equation of Sakai.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
title: Terrestrial CDOM in lakes of Yamal Peninsula
title: Connection to lake and lake catchment properties
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Yury
name: Leibman, Marina
name: Heim, Birgit
name: Bartsch, Annett
name: Herzschuh, Ulrike
name: Skorospekhova, Tatiana
name: Fedorova, Irina
name: Khomutov, Artem
name: Widhalm, Barbara
name: Gubarkov, Anatoly
name: Rößler, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: In this study, we analyze interactions in lake and lake catchment systems of a continuous permafrost area. We assessed colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 440 nm (a(440)(CDOM)) and absorption slope (S300-500) in lakes using field sampling and optical remote sensing data for an area of 350 km(2) in Central Yamal, Siberia. Applying a CDOM algorithm (ratio of green and red band reflectance) for two high spatial resolution multispectral GeoEye-1 and Worldview-2 satellite images, we were able to extrapolate the a()(CDOM) data from 18 lakes sampled in the field to 356 lakes in the study area (model R-2 = 0.79). Values of a(440)(CDOM) in 356 lakes varied from 0.48 to 8.35 m(-1) with a median of 1.43 m(-1). This a()(CDOM) dataset was used to relate lake CDOM to 17 lake and lake catchment parameters derived from optical and radar remote sensing data and from digital elevation model analysis in order to establish the parameters controlling CDOM in lakes on the Yamal Peninsula. Regression tree model and boosted regression tree analysis showed that the activity of cryogenic processes (thermocirques) in the lake shores and lake water level were the two most important controls, explaining 48.4% and 28.4% of lake CDOM, respectively (R-2 = 0.61). Activation of thermocirques led to a large input of terrestrial organic matter and sediments from catchments and thawed permafrost to lakes (n = 15, mean a(440)(CDOM) = 5.3 m(-1)). Large lakes on the floodplain with a connection to Mordy-Yakha River received more CDOM (n = 7, mean a(440)(CDOM) = 3.8 m(-1)) compared to lakes located on higher terraces.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1333
Microscopic simulation of xenon-based optical TPCs in the presence of molecular additives
Creators: name: Azevedo, C. D. R.
name: Gonzalez-Diaz, D.
name: Biagi, S. F.
name: Oliveira, C. A. B.
name: Henriques, C. A. O.
name: Escada, J.
name: Monrabal, F.
name: Gómez-Cadenas, J. J.
name: Álvarez, V.
name: Borges, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez F. I. G. M.
name: Botas, A.
name: Cárcel, S.
name: Carrión, J. V.
name: Cebrián, S.
name: Conde, C. A. N.
name: Díaz, J.
name: Diesburg, M.
name: Esteve, R.
name: Felkai, R.
name: Fernandes, L. M. P.
name: Ferrario, P.
name: Ferreira, A. L.
name: Freitas, E. D. C.
name: Goldschmidt, A.
name: Gutiérrez, R. M.
name: Hauptman, J.
name: Hernandez, A. I.
name: Morata, J. A. Hernando
name: Herrero, V.
name: Jones, B. J. P.
name: Labarga, L.
name: Laing, A.
name: Lebrun, P.
name: Liubarsky, I.
name: Lopez-March, N.
name: Losada, M.
name: Martín-Albo, J.
name: Martínez, A.
name: McDonald, A. D.
name: Monteiro, C. M. B.
name: Mora, F. J.
name: Moutinho, L. M.
name: Vidal, J. Muñoz
name: Musti, M.
name: Nebot-Guinot, M.
name: Novella, P.
name: Nygren, D.
name: Palmeiro, B.
name: Para, A.
name: Pérez, J.
name: Querol, M.
name: Renner, J.
name: Ripoll, L.
name: Rodríguez, J.
name: Rogers, L.
name: Santos, F. P.
name: Santos, J. M. F. dos
name: Serra, L.
name: Shuman, D.
name: Simón, A.
name: Sofka, C.
name: Sorel, M.
name: Stiegler, T.
name: Toledo, J. F.
name: Torrent, J.
name: Tsamalaidze, Z.
name: Veloso, J. F. C. A.
name: Webb, R.
name: White, J. T.
name: Yahlali, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simulation framework for the transport of high and low energy electrons in xenon-based gaseous optical time projection chambers (OTPCs). The simulation relies on elementary cross sections (electron-atom and electron-molecule) and incorporates, in order to compute the gas scintillation, the reaction/quenching rates (atom-atom and atom-molecule) of the first 41 excited states of xenon and the relevant associated excimers, together with their radiative cascade. The results compare positively with observations made in pure xenon and its mixtures with CO$_2$ and CF$_4$ in a range of pressures from 0.1 to 10~bar. This work sheds some light on the elementary processes responsible for the primary and secondary xenon-scintillation mechanisms in the presence of additives, that are of interest to the OTPC technology.
Pelos caminhos das letras e da educação memorial acadêmico
Creators: name: ERIVALDO PEREIRA DO NASCIMENTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Memorial acadêmico
Letras
Educação

description: Na obra “Pelos caminhos das letras e da educação: memorial acadêmico”, Erivaldo Nascimento faz um relato de sua vida acadêmica, desde a sua formação inicial até a pós-graduação, e de sua experiência enquanto docente, pesquisador, extensionista e gestor acadêmico. Em sua narrativa, o autor revisita sua formação e sua experiência pedagógica e acadêmica, com o objetivo de não apenas compreender sua trajetória de vida e profissional, mas também traçar novos caminhos no ensino, na pesquisa, na extensão e na gestão. Para tal, reflete sobre o processo de formação de professores tanto na educação básica como no ensino superior, sobre o papel da universidade pública, enquanto agente que promove o ensino público, gratuito e de qualidade. Discute ainda sobre as ações de pesquisa, de extensão e sobre a gestão participativa e democrática na educação superior. Assim, constitui-se não apenas em um relato pessoal, mas também em uma reflexão sobre o próprio fazer acadêmico e pedagógico, tanto no âmbito da educação básica como do ensino superior.