cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary history drives the geographical distribution of dorsal patterns in the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis)
Creators: name: Dadda, Thomas
name: Storniolo, Federico
name: Mangiacotti, Marco
name: Scali, Stefano
name: Zuffi, Luca M.A.
name: Sacchi, Roberto
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Melanin-based dorsal pattern polymorphisms are common in reptiles and generally evolve under the interaction between opposite selective pressures, notably thermal advantage in cold environments and background matching to avoid predation. When those pressures change over space and time, the relative frequencies of morphs can vary across the species range. However, no previous study has analysed the spatial patterns of variation of morphs under a phylogenetic perspective in addition to the adaptive responses to natural selection. In this study, we focused on the distributional patterns of the three dorsal morphs of Podarcis muralis at wide-range scale to assess how they associate with geography, climate, microhabitat, phylogeny and sexual dimorphism. By using open access data from iNaturalist, we assembled a dataset of 4096 georeferenced points with information on sex and morph. Data were analysed through Bayesian GLMs, and four alternative models were formulated depending on the specific factors affecting morphs’ frequency. The dorsal morphs are not randomly distributed in Europe, but follow clear geographic patterns, vary with altitude and habitats, show sex-specific trends, and correlate with the phylogenetic history of the species. When comparing models, the phylogenetic model always obtained the best performance, and no overlap with other models occurred, thus best explaining the distributional patterns of dorsal morphs. The evolutionary processes, in addition to present environmental pressures, can significantly affect local-scale microevolutionary adaptations, influencing the current distribution of dorsal phenotypes across the species range. More generally, results point out the importance of considering the evolutionary processes when analysing distributional patterns of polymorphisms.
Online Markov Decision Processes with Non-oblivious Strategic Adversary
Creators: name: Dinh, Le Cong
name: Mguni, David Henry
name: Tran-Thanh, Long
name: Wang, Jun
name: Yang, Yaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study a novel setting in Online Markov Decision Processes (OMDPs) where the loss function is chosen by a non-oblivious strategic adversary who follows a no-external regret algorithm. In this setting, we first demonstrate that MDP-Expert, an existing algorithm that works well with oblivious adversaries can still apply and achieve a policy regret bound of $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{T \log(L)}+τ^2\sqrt{ T \log(|A|)})$ where $L$ is the size of adversary's pure strategy set and $|A|$ denotes the size of agent's action space. Considering real-world games where the support size of a NE is small, we further propose a new algorithm: MDP-Online Oracle Expert (MDP-OOE), that achieves a policy regret bound of $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{T\log(L)}+τ^2\sqrt{ T k \log(k)})$ where $k$ depends only on the support size of the NE. MDP-OOE leverages the key benefit of Double Oracle in game theory and thus can solve games with prohibitively large action space. Finally, to better understand the learning dynamics of no-regret methods, under the same setting of no-external regret adversary in OMDPs, we introduce an algorithm that achieves last-round convergence result to a NE. To our best knowledge, this is first work leading to the last iteration result in OMDPs.
description: Accepted at Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (2023)
title: Mullerian Duct Anomalies: a practical MR guide for radiologists
Creators: name: Corgosinho, Bruna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen
subject: Congenital
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purposes of this educational exibiht are: to review the embryology of Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA). to illustrate each type of MDA on magnetic resonance images (MRI), including agenesis (Mayer-Rokitanski), unicornuate...
Recovery of spermatogenesis following testosterone replacement therapy or anabolic-androgenic steroid use
Creators: name: Coward, Robert M.
name: McBride, J. Abram
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The use of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for hypogonadism continues to rise, particularly in younger men who may wish to remain fertile. Concurrently, awareness of a more pervasive use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) within the general population has been appreciated. Both TRT and AAS can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis resulting in diminution of spermatogenesis. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognize previous TRT or AAS use in patients presenting for infertility treatment. Cessation of TRT or AAS use may result in spontaneous recovery of normal spermatogenesis in a reasonable number of patients if allowed sufficient time for recovery. However, some patients may not recover normal spermatogenesis or tolerate waiting for spontaneous recovery. In such cases, clinicians must be aware of the pathophysiologic derangements of the HPG axis related to TRT or AAS use and the pharmacologic agents available to reverse them. The available agents include injectable gonadotropins, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and aromatase inhibitors, but their off-label use is poorly described in the literature, potentially creating a knowledge gap for the clinician. Reviewing their use clinically for the treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and other HPG axis abnormalities can familiarize the clinician with the manner in which they can be used to recover spermatogenesis after TRT or AAS use.
Does subacute cognitive impairment moderate the relationship between cognitive change and emotional distress in the months following stroke?
Creators: name: Wheeler, Miranda
name: Williams, Owen
name: Johns, Louise
name: Demeyere, Nele
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: acute stroke
subject: anxiety
subject: Awareness
subject: chronic stroke
subject: cognition
subject: cognitive change
subject: depression
subject: mood
subject: OCS
subject: stroke

description: The present study initially aims to explore whether well-established relationships between cognitive impairment, awareness of cognitive impairment, and emotional distress published in existing literature can be demonstrated in our sample of stroke survivors. The present study then seeks to extend the current literature by exploring whether the effect of cognitive change between subacute and 6-months post-stroke on mood at 6-months post-stroke is moderated by subacute cognitive impairment.
Remodeling the zonula adherens in response to tension and the role of afadin in this response
Creators: name: Peyret, Grégoire
name: Mège, René-Marc
name: Fardin, Marc-Antoine
name: Acharya, Bipul R.
name: Ladoux, Benoit
name: Fanning, Alan S.
name: Yap, Alpha S.
name: Peifer, Mark
name: Choi, Wangsun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Morphogenesis requires dynamic coordination between cell–cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton to allow cells to change shape and move without losing tissue integrity. We used genetic tools and superresolution microscopy in a simple model epithelial cell line to define how the molecular architecture of cell–cell zonula adherens (ZA) is modified in response to elevated contractility, and how these cells maintain tissue integrity. We previously found that depleting zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) family proteins in MDCK cells induces a highly organized contractile actomyosin array at the ZA. We find that ZO knockdown elevates contractility via a Shroom3/Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) pathway. Our data suggest that each bicellular border is an independent contractile unit, with actin cables anchored end-on to cadherin complexes at tricellular junctions. Cells respond to elevated contractility by increasing junctional afadin. Although ZO/afadin knockdown did not prevent contractile array assembly, it dramatically altered cell shape and barrier function in response to elevated contractility. We propose that afadin acts as a robust protein scaffold that maintains ZA architecture at tricellular junctions.
title: The different faces of papilllary lesions
Creators: name: Pérez Rodrigo, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Our objectives are to: 1. Review the definition of papillary lesions and their classification. 2. Describe their clinical presentation. 3. Illustrate their imaging features. 4. Describe some imaging features for which upgrade of these lesions can be...
Chaos as an interpretable benchmark for forecasting and data-driven modelling
Creators: name: Gilpin, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The striking fractal geometry of strange attractors underscores the generative nature of chaos: like probability distributions, chaotic systems can be repeatedly measured to produce arbitrarily-detailed information about the underlying attractor. Chaotic systems thus pose a unique challenge to modern statistical learning techniques, while retaining quantifiable mathematical properties that make them controllable and interpretable as benchmarks. Here, we present a growing database currently comprising 131 known chaotic dynamical systems spanning fields such as astrophysics, climatology, and biochemistry. Each system is paired with precomputed multivariate and univariate time series. Our dataset has comparable scale to existing static time series databases; however, our systems can be re-integrated to produce additional datasets of arbitrary length and granularity. Our dataset is annotated with known mathematical properties of each system, and we perform feature analysis to broadly categorize the diverse dynamics present across the collection. Chaotic systems inherently challenge forecasting models, and across extensive benchmarks we correlate forecasting performance with the degree of chaos present. We also exploit the unique generative properties of our dataset in several proof-of-concept experiments: surrogate transfer learning to improve time series classification, importance sampling to accelerate model training, and benchmarking symbolic regression algorithms.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, plus appendices
SCAN-based hybrid and double-hybrid density functionals from models without fitted parameters
Creators: name: Hui, Kerwin
name: Chai, Jeng-Da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By incorporating the nonempirical SCAN semilocal density functional [Sun, Ruzsinszky, and Perdew, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 036402 (2015)] in the underlying expression of four existing hybrid and double-hybrid models, we propose one hybrid (SCAN0) and three double-hybrid (SCAN0-DH, SCAN-QIDH, and SCAN0-2) density functionals, which are free from any fitted parameters. The SCAN-based double-hybrid functionals consistently outperform their parent SCAN semilocal functional for self-interaction problems and noncovalent interactions. In particular, SCAN0-2, which includes about 79% of Hartree-Fock exchange and 50% of second-order Moller-Plesset correlation, is shown to be reliably accurate for a very diverse range of applications, such as thermochemistry, kinetics, noncovalent interactions, and self-interaction problems.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, supplementary material not included
Circularly symmetric thin-shell wormholes in F(R) gravity with (2+1)-dimensions
Creators: name: Bejarano, Cecilia
name: Eiroa, Ernesto F.
name: Figueroa-Aguirre, Griselda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of $F(R)$ theories of gravity with (2+1)-dimensions and constant scalar curvature $R$, we construct a family of thin-shell wormholes with circular symmetry and we analyze the stability of the static configurations under radial perturbations. We show an example of asymptotically anti-de Sitter thin-shell wormholes with charge, finding that stable configurations with normal matter are possible for a suitable range of the parameters.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; prepared for the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting - MG16
Late Adolescence Mortality in Mice with Brain-Specific Deletion of the Volume-Regulated Anion Channel Subunit LRRC8A
Creators: name: Wilson, Corinne
name: Dohare, Preeti
name: Ferland, Russell
name: Scimemi, Annalisa
name: Mongin, Alexander
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences

description: The leucine-rich repeat-containing family 8 member A (LRRC8A) is an essential subunit of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). VRAC is indispensable for cell volume regulation but its broader physiological functions remain a matter of investigation. Astrocyte-targeted Lrrc8a deletion in the nervous system reduces neuronal excitability, impairs synaptic plasticity and memory, and protects against ischemic damage. Here we show that deletion of LRRC8A in all brain cells, using NestinCre -driven Lrrc8afl/fl excision, is lethal. Mice devoid of brain LRRC8A are born close to the expected Mendelian ratio and develop without overt histological abnormalities through the postnatal week 6. Nevertheless, they die in the adolescence, between 5 to 8 weeks of age, with a seizure-like phenotype. Consistent with seizures, we found disruptions in cell excitability, GABAergic signaling, and astrocytic production of the GABA precursor glutamine, all of which might contribute to animal mortality. This work provides the first evidence of a critical role for VRAC in control of brain excitability during brain maturation.
title: Non invasive, quantitative evaluation of bone reconstruction with CT and MRI after Sinus lift.
Creators: name: Magyar, Marton
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Bones
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Biopsy
subject: Demineralisation-Bone
subject: Grafts
subject: Transplantation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the outcome of a sinusfloor augmentation by CT-volumetry and perfusion MRI in order to replace biopsies as the current gold standard with noninvasive diagnostic...
Hawking-Like Radiation as Tunneling from a Cosmological Black Hole in Modified Gravity: Semiclassical Approximation and Beyond
Creators: name: Saghafi, Sara
name: Nozari, Kourosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation as a quantum phenomenon is generally attributed to the existence of the event horizon of a black hole. However, we demonstrate in this paper that there is indeed ingoing Hawking-like radiation associated with apparent horizons of the first cosmological black hole solution in the framework of Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG) theory living in the Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background. Such radiation can be attributed also to the cosmological apparent horizon of the FLRW universe and even to the cosmological event horizon of de Sitter spacetime. We see how STVG theory as a good theory for explaining black holes both on local and global scales affect the Hawking effect. Based on semiclassical approximation, we follow Hamilton-Jacobi and Parikh-Wilczek tunneling methods, respectively with and without back-reaction effects. We find out that back-reaction effects make a correlation between the emission modes in Parikh-Wilczek tunneling formalism, which can address the information paradox. We obtain the corresponding Hawking-like temperature as a function of inverse powers of apparent horizons radiuses of the cosmological black hole in STVG theory. We analyze the influence of the STVG parameter associated with a deviation of the STVG theory from General Theory of Relativity (GR) on both apparent horizons and the Hawking-like temperature of the cosmological black hole. We show that increasing the STVG parameter results in appearing the Hawking-like temperature in later cosmic times with some smaller values. Also, we follow the Hamilton-Jacobi approach beyond semiclassical approximation to involve all quantum correction terms in the deduced semiclassical outcomes for the cosmological black hole in the STVG theory.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in GERG
The charmonium dissociation in an "anomalous wind"
Creators: name: Sadofyev, Andrey V.
name: Yin, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charmonium dissociation in a strongly coupled chiral plasma in the presence of magnetic field and axial charge imbalance. This type of plasma carries "anomalous flow" induced by the chiral anomaly and exhibits novel transport phenomena such as chiral magnetic effect. We found that the "anomalous flow" would modify the charmonium color screening length by using the gauge/gravity correspondence. We derive an analytical expression quantifying the "anomalous flow" experienced by a charmonium for a large class of chiral plasma with a gravity dual. We elaborate on the similarity and {\it qualitative} difference between anomalous effects on the charmonium color screening length which are {\it model-dependent} and those on the heavy quark drag force which are fixed by the second law of thermodynamics. We speculate on the possible charmonium dissociation induced by the chiral anomaly in heavy ion collisions.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, references updated
title: Static MR Imaging in Healthy Women to Predict Future Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
Creators: name: Sudo, Satoko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) compromises elderly women’s QOL with nonspecific symptoms, including urinary and/or fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, pelvic pain, and organ prolapse 1,2) . It is primarily a problem for multiparous...
Supernova 2010ev: A reddened high velocity gradient type Ia supernova
Creators: name: Bufano, Filomena
name: Anderson, Joseph P.
name: Hamuy, Mario
name: González-Gaitán, Santiago
name: Morrell, Nidia
name: Haislip, Joshua B.
name: Gutiérrez, Claudia P.
name: Stritzinger, Maximilian
name: Taubenberger, Stefan
name: Pignata, Giuliano
name: Olivares E., Felipe
name: Reichart, Daniel E.
name: Folatelli, Gastón
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Aims. We present and study the spectroscopic and photometric evolution of the type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2010ev.
Efficacy of Epidural Blood Patching or Surgery in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: An Evidence Map Protocol
Creators: name: Amrhein, Timothy
name: Kranz, Peter
name: Cantrell, Sarah
name: Deline, Constance
name: Carr, Carrie
name: Kim, Dong
name: Goldstein, Karen
name: Williams, John
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Radiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Neurology
subject: spontaneous intracranial hypotension

description: The objective of this evidence map is to understand the breadth of studies that investigate SIH treatment efficacy and to identify knowledge gaps to inform future research.
Phylogeny-based conservation priorities for Australian freshwater fishes
Creators: name: Tims, Amy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
subject: Biodiversity

description: We use IUCN extinction risk data and a phylogeny of Australian freshwater fishes. We compute the potential loss of phylogenetic diversity by simulating extinction across the tree under a pattern weighted by IUCN extinction risk category and compare it to projected diversity loss under a random null model of extinction. Finally, we calculate EDGE (Evolutionary Distinctiveness, Global Endangerment) scores and present a list of high-priority species for conservation actions based on their extinction risk and evolutionary uniqueness.
The ALMA detection of CO rotational line emission in AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Srinivasan,
name: Van Loon, J. Th.
name: Rawlings,
name: Goldman,
name: Lagadec,
name: Decin,
name: Marigo,
name: Matsuura,
name: Justtanont,
name: Sloan,
name: Meixner,
name: Vlemmings,
name: Kerschbaum,
name: Boyer,
name: Jones,
name: Sahai,
name: Bernard-Salas,
name: Feast,
name: McDonald,
name: Groenewegen,
name: Olofsson,
name: Guzman-Ramirez,
name: Zijlstra,
name: Wood,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Context. Low- and intermediate-mass stars lose most of their stellar mass at the end of their lives on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). Determining gas and dust mass-loss rates (MLRs) is important in quantifying the contribution of evolved stars to the enrichment of the interstellar medium.
The radical scavenging activity of glycozolidol in physiological environments: a quantum chemical study
Creators: name: Hieu, Le Trung
name: Van Bay, Mai
name: Hoa, Nguyen Thi
name: Mechler, Adam
name: Vo, Quan Van
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Glycozolidol was isolated from the root of Glycosmis pentaphylla (6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-methylcarbazole, GLD). This molecule attracted considerable interest due to its beneficial biological activities that likely stem from its antioxidant activity; yet, the radical scavenging action of GLD has not been investigated thus far. In this study, DFT calculations were used to estimate the radical scavenging activity of GLD against a variety of biologically significant radical species in physiological environments. The findings demonstrated that GLD exerts significant antiradical activity in water at pH = 7.40 and in pentyl ethanoate (as a model of lipidic media) with koverall = 8.23 × 106 and 3.53 × 104 M−1 s−1, respectively. In aqueous solution, the sequential proton-loss electron transfer mechanism made the highest contribution to the activity, whereas in nonpolar solvents the formal hydrogen transfer mechanism dominated the activity. GLD is predicted to have strong antiradical activity against CH3O˙, CH3OO˙, CCl3OO˙, NO2, SO4˙−, DPPH and ABTS+˙ kapp ≈ 109 M−1 s−1 and kf ≈ 106 M−1 s−1. The results suggest that GLD is a good radical scavenger in physiological environments.
Morphological Processing in German Primary School Children
Creators: name: Fleischhauer, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Reading and Language
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Background When reading a word, it has often been argued that skilled adult readers automatically de-compose the word into morphemes by processing the word’s morpho-orthography. Yet, it re-mains largely unclear when and how children start automatically processing morphemes of complex words (teach + er). Methods To better understand how primary-school children acquire this automatic process of morpho-logical processing, we conducted a masked priming experiment with a sample of 218 first- to fourth graders and a control group of 36 adult readers. In a laboratory setting, participants sat in front of a computer screen on which prime words were shown for 67 ms, followed by a lexical decision task. For each target word, we constructed three prime words: an unrelated control prime, a semantic control prime and a test prime; the test prime was either morpho-semantically, morpho-orthographically or purely orthographically related to the target word. We analysed error rates and reaction times with linear mixed-effects models (Baayen, Da-vidson, & Bates, 2008) and linear combinations (Hothorn, Bretz, & Westfall, 2008). Results The reaction time analysis showed different priming effects depending on age group: First and second graders showed no priming effects. Third graders showed a morpho-semantic priming effect. Fourth graders and the adult group showed a morpho-orthographic priming effect. Conclusions We conclude that (a) fourth-graders automatically decompose written words into morphemes based on the words’ morpho-orthography, (b) third-graders automatically detect stems in morphologically complex forms but do not rely on morpho-orthographic representations while (c) first- and second-graders show no indication of either of these processes. Our results are consistent with the “semantic view” within a localist account and can be explained by “edge-aligned embedded word activation” (Grainger & Beyersmann 2017). Keywords morphological decomposition; priming; word reading; literacy development
title: Post-Treatment Imaging in Primary and Secondary Brain Tumours: A Diagnostic Challenge
Creators: name: De la Rosa Porras, Dereck de Jesús
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the imaging findings of treatment-related conditions and true tumoral progression in patients with primary and secondarybrain tumourstreated with chemo-radiotherapy. To establish a distinction between post-treatment effects from...
Observation of negative refraction of Dirac fermions in graphene
Creators: name: Lee, Gil-Ho
name: Park, Geon-Hyoung
name: Lee, Hu-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half a century ago, Veselago proposed left-handed materials with negative permittivity and permeability, in which waves propagate with phase and group velocities in opposite directions. Significant work has been undertaken to attain this left-handed response, such as establishing a negative refractive index in so-called metamaterials, which consist of periodic sub-wavelength structures. However, an electronic counterpart has not been demonstrated owing to difficulties in creating repeated structures smaller than the electronic Fermi wavelength (λ_F) of the order ~ 10 nm. Here, without needing to engineer sub-wavelength structures, we demonstrate negative refractive behaviour of Dirac fermions in graphene, exploiting its unique relativistic band structure. Analysis of both electron focusing through a n-p-n flat lens and negative refraction across n-p junctions confirms left-handed behaviour in the electronic system. This new approach to electronic optics is of particular relevance to the on-going efforts to develop novel quantum devices with emerging layered materials.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: ARDS - a must know
Creators: name: Cristian, Muresan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Oedema
subject: Acute
subject: Localisation
subject: Education
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: to acknowledge the importance of this possible fatal condition to depict its radiological features to emphasize the role of cross-sectional imaging in understanding...
Signature of the presence of a third body orbiting around XB 1916-053
Creators: name: Iaria, R.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Gambino, A. F.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Romano, P.
name: Matranga, M.
name: Galiano, C. G.
name: Scarano, F.
name: Riggio, A.
name: Sanna, A.
name: Pintore, F.
name: Burderi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultra-compact dipping source \object{XB 1916-053} has an orbital period of close to 50 min and a companion star with a very low mass (less than 0.1 M$_{\odot}$). The orbital period derivative of the source was estimated to be $1.5(3) \times 10^{-11}$ s/s through analysing the delays associated with the dip arrival times obtained from observations spanning 25 years, from 1978 to 2002. The known orbital period derivative is extremely large and can be explained by invoking an extreme, non-conservative mass transfer rate that is not easily justifiable. We extended the analysed data from 1978 to 2014, by spanning 37 years, to verify whether a larger sample of data can be fitted with a quadratic term or a different scenario has to be considered. We obtained 27 delays associated with the dip arrival times from data covering 37 years and used different models to fit the time delays with respect to a constant period model.We find that the quadratic form alone does not fit the data. The data are well fitted using a sinusoidal term plus a quadratic function or, alternatively, with a series of sinusoidal terms that can be associated with a modulation of the dip arrival times due to the presence of a third body that has an elliptical orbit. We infer that for a conservative mass transfer scenario the modulation of the delays can be explained by invoking the presence of a third body with mass between 0.10-0.14 M$_{\odot}$, orbital period around the X-ray binary system of close to 51 yr and an eccentricity of $0.28 \pm 0.15$. In a non-conservative mass transfer scenario we estimate that the fraction of matter yielded by the degenerate companion star and accreted onto the neutron star is $β= 0.08$, the neutron star mass is $\ge 2.2$ M$_{\odot}$, and the companion star mass is 0.028 M$_{\odot}$. (Abridged)
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
title: Breast masses in adolescents: keep calp & ultrasound
Creators: name: Cano Rodriguez, Carlota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast masses are uncommon in pediatric patients, and most of them are benign. However, since society is aware of the risk of breast cancer, when a mass appears in an adolescent’s breast, patients and family members are often alarmed, and this...
Constraining cosmology and ionization history with combined 21 cm power spectrum and global signal measurements
Creators: name: Liu, Adrian
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improvements in current instruments and the advent of next-generation instruments will soon push observational 21 cm cosmology into a new era, with high significance measurements of both the power spectrum and the mean ("global") signal of the 21 cm brightness temperature. In this paper we use the recently commenced Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array as a worked example to provide forecasts on astrophysical and cosmological parameter constraints. In doing so we improve upon previous forecasts in a number of ways. First, we provide updated forecasts using the latest best-fit cosmological parameters from the Planck satellite, exploring the impact of different Planck datasets on 21 cm experiments. We also show that despite the exquisite constraints that other probes have placed on cosmological parameters, the remaining uncertainties are still large enough to have a non-negligible impact on upcoming 21 cm data analyses. While this complicates high-precision constraints on reionization models, it provides an avenue for 21 cm reionization measurements to constrain cosmology. We additionally forecast HERA's ability to measure the ionization history using a combination of power spectrum measurements and semi-analytic simulations. Finally, we consider ways in which 21 cm global signal and power spectrum measurements can be combined, and propose a method by which power spectrum results can be used to train a compact parameterization of the global signal. This parameterization reduces the number of parameters needed to describe the global signal, increasing the likelihood of a high significance measurement.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Revised to match accepted MNRAS version: expanded discussion of covariances between astrophysics and cosmology in Section 2.2, including two new figures; short discussion relating to KL modes added to Section 4; final results unchanged
Walter Kern, Hermann Josef Pottmeyer, Max Seckler (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Fundamentaltheologie, Bd. 4
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 4
Colour variations in the GRB 120327A afterglow
Creators: name: Kopac,
name: Cobb,
name: Ghirlanda,
name: Nappo,
name: Gomboc,
name: D'Elia,
name: Steele,
name: Jelínek,
name: Covino,
name: Mundell,
name: Martin-Carrillo,
name: Lacluyzé,
name: Melandri,
name: Hanayama,
name: Salvaterra,
name: Kawai,
name: Tagliaferri,
name: Trotter,
name: Gorosabel,
name: Zaninoni,
name: Salafia,
name: Im,
name: Malesani,
name: Virgili,
name: Murphy,
name: Kobayashi,
name: Guidorzi,
name: Sbarufatti,
name: Campana,
name: Ivarsen,
name: Smith,
name: Greiner,
name: Kim,
name: Bolmer,
name: Kuroda,
name: Reichart,
name: Kuin,
name: Haislip,
name: Bernardini,
name: Hanlon,
name: Japelj,
name: D'Avanzo,
name: Topinka,
name: Fugazza,
name: Vergani,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: AIMS: We present a comprehensive temporal and spectral analysis of the long Swift GRB 120327A afterglow data to investigate possible causes of the observed early-time colour variations. METHODS: We collected data from various instruments and telescopes in X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared bands, and determined the shapes of the afterglow early-time light curves. We studied the overall temporal behaviour and the spectral energy distributions from early to late times. RESULTS: The ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared light curves can be modelled with a single power-law component between 200 and 2 × 104 s after the burst event. The X-ray light curve shows a canonical steep-shallow-steep behaviour that is typical of long gamma-ray bursts. At early times a colour variation is observed in the ultraviolet/optical bands, while at very late times a hint of a re-brightening is visible. The observed early-time colour change can be explained as a variation in the intrinsic optical spectral index, rather than an evolution of the optical extinction.
title: Is iodinated contrast material really nephrotoxic? Questioning a widespread belief.
Creators: name: Castañer González, Eva
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Toxicity
subject: Laboratory tests
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agents

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Intravenous iodinated contrast agents are less nephrotoxic than previously thought. In previous studies, all instances of acute kidney injury after contrast material administration were ascribed to contrast-induced nephropathy. However, there are...
Gravitomagnetic resonance and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
name: Ortolan, Antonello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that using Fermi coordinates it is possible to describe the gravitational field of a wave using a gravitoelectromagnetic analogy. In particular, we show that using this approach, a new phenomenon, called gravitomagnetic resonance, may appear. We describe it both from classical and quantum viewpoints, and suggest that it could in principle be used as the basis for a new type of gravitational wave detectors.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting; largely based on arXiv:2011.01663
title: Foreign bodies seen on mammography
Creators: name: Carneiro, Carolina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Prostheses
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Education
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Our aim was to review the radiological appearance of foreign bodies seen on...
Warp drive dynamic solutions considering different fluid sources
Creators: name: Santos-Pereira, Osvaldo L.
name: Abreu, Everton M. C.
name: Ribeiro, Marcelo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alcubierre proposed in 1994 that the well known special relativistic limitation that particles cannot travel with velocities bigger than the light speed can be bypassed when such trips are considered globally within specific general relativistic frameworks. Although initial results indicated this scenario as being unphysical, since it would seem to require negative mass-energy density, recent theoretical analyses suggest that such an unphysical situation may not always be necessarily true. In this paper we review some solutions of the Einstein equations using the original Alcubierre warp drive metric endowed with various matter-energy sources, namely dust, perfect fluid, anisotropic fluid, and perfect fluid with a cosmological constant. A connection of some of these solutions featuring shock waves described by the Burgers equation is also shown.
description: 16 pages, 4 tables, LaTeX. To appear in the Proceedings of the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting (July 5-10, 2021)
FEAFA+: An Extended Well-Annotated Dataset for Facial Expression Analysis and 3D Facial Animation
Creators: name: Gan, Wei
name: Xue, Jian
name: Lu, Ke
name: Yan, Yanfu
name: Gao, Pengcheng
name: Lyu, Jiayi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nearly all existing Facial Action Coding System-based datasets that include facial action unit (AU) intensity information annotate the intensity values hierarchically using A--E levels. However, facial expressions change continuously and shift smoothly from one state to another. Therefore, it is more effective to regress the intensity value of local facial AUs to represent whole facial expression changes, particularly in the fields of expression transfer and facial animation. We introduce an extension of FEAFA in combination with the relabeled DISFA database, which is available at https://www.iiplab.net/feafa+/ now. Extended FEAFA (FEAFA+) includes 150 video sequences from FEAFA and DISFA, with a total of 230,184 frames being manually annotated on floating-point intensity value of 24 redefined AUs using the Expression Quantitative Tool. We also list crude numerical results for posed and spontaneous subsets and provide a baseline comparison for the AU intensity regression task.
title: Differentiation between high-grade glioma and solitary metastases using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
Creators: name: Brakus, Alma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. to review typical findings on conventional imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion- tensor imaging (DTI)supplemented withcase examples from our institution. 2.to emphasize that diffusion- tensor imaging (DTI) may provide added information for...
December 18th, 2020 Addendum to Exploring the Cyclical Relationship of Self- and Other-Evaluations on Cognitive, Behavioural, and Psychophysiological Outcomes in Social Anxiety
Creators: name: Ferguson, Ryan
name: Ouimet, Allison
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The goal of the following registration is to be transparent with our previous error in calculating our power analysis and to revise this during the data collection process.
Sputtering of Oxygen Ice by Low Energy Ions
Creators: name: Muntean, E. A.
name: Lacerda, P.
name: Field, T. A.
name: Fitzsimmons, A.
name: Hunniford, C. A.
name: McCullough, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naturally occurring ices lie on both interstellar dust grains and on celestial objects, such as those in the outer solar system. These ices are continu- ously subjected to irradiation by ions from the solar wind and/or cosmic rays, which modify their surfaces. As a result, new molecular species may form which can be sputtered off into space or planetary atmospheres. We determined the experimental values of sputtering yields for irradiation of oxygen ice at 10 K by singly (He+, C+, N+, O+ and Ar+) and doubly (C2+, N2+ and O2+) charged ions with 4 keV kinetic energy. In these laboratory experiments, oxygen ice was deposited and irradiated by ions in an ultra high vacuum chamber at low temperature to simulate the environment of space. The number of molecules removed by sputtering was observed by measurement of the ice thickness using laser interferometry. Preliminary mass spectra were taken of sputtered species and of molecules formed in the ice by temperature programmed desorption (TPD). We find that the experimental sputtering yields increase approximately linearly with the projectile ion mass (or momentum squared) for all ions studied. No difference was found between the sputtering yield for singly and doubly charged ions of the same atom within the experimental uncertainty, as expected for a process dominated by momentum transfer. The experimental sputter yields are in good agreement with values calculated using a theoretical model except in the case of oxygen ions. Preliminary studies have shown molecular oxygen as the dominant species sputtered and TPD measurements indicate ozone formation.
description: to be published in Surface Science (2015)
title: Maxillofacial grafts, implants and devices: what the radiologist should know
Creators: name: Aydin, Ulkem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Developmental disease
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Surgery
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Head and neck
subject: Bones
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To familiarize the viewer with the imaging appearances of the grafts, implants and devices used in oral and maxillofacial surgery 2. To summarize the indications and surgical procedures in which these are used After review of this presentation...
Nature of Singularities in Vector-Tensor Theories of Gravity
Creators: name: Satheeshkumar, V. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vector-Tensor (VT) theories of gravity are a class of alternative theories to General Relativity (GR) that are characterized by the presence of a dynamical vector field besides the metric. They are studied in attempts to understand spontaneous Lorentz violation, to generate massive gravitons, and as models of dark matter and dark energy. In this article, I outline how the nature of singularities and horizons in VT theories differ greatly from GR even under the same ordinary conditions. This is illustrated with Einsteinaether theory where vacuum black hole solutions have naked singularities and vacuum cosmological solutions have new singularities that are otherwise absent in GR. It would be interesting to explore these deviations using gravitational waves
description: 9 pages, Invited parallel session talk at MG16, to appear in the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting
title: Imaging of benign solid breast conditions
Creators: name: Duarte, Ana Luísa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To be familiarized with the most frequent benign breast solid lesions. To recognize the classic imaging features of benign breast solid...