cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Economics of erosion-control and seed-fertilizer technologies for hillside farming in Honduras
Creators: name: Lopez-Periera, Miguel A.
name: Sanders, John H.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Lopez-Periera, Miguel A.
name: Sanders, John H.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: With population growth still at very high rates and large-scale commercial farmers and cattle ranchers owning much of the more fertile valley land, small-scale farmers are concentrated on increasingly marginal, steeply sloping hillsides in Central America. The continuing soil erosion and land degradation in these low-input staple crop production hillside farming systems lead many to be pessimistic about increasing the agricultural incomes of these farmers. However, this study shows that the appropriate combination of improved technologies and agricultural policy or alternative production diversification strategies can improve the incomes of small-scale hillside farmers in southern Honduras by over 50%. The technology components considered are stone walls and ditches combined with living tree barriers to prevent erosion of the hillsides, and a package of improved sorghum seed, seed treatment, and modest doses of nitrogenous fertilizer. A whole-farm mathematical programming framework is used to determine the potential farm-level income effects of the soil-conservation and seed-fertilizer technologies. The main conclusion is that erosion-control devices and yield-increasing crop varieties and fertilizer are an effective technology introduction strategy for the erosion-prone hillside landholdings found in many areas of Central America. If policy actions or diversification strategies for disposal of surplus grain are found which are effective in reducing the risk of low income from cereal price reductions in high-production years, adoption of the improved technologies is shown to be profitable for small-scale farmers. Another benefit not explicitly considered would be to slow the very rapid growth of urban poverty in these countries. Sensitivity analysis results indicated that neither risk aversion nor the increased availability of crop land or initial cash have any substantial effects on the predicted adoption level of the improved technologies, or on their income impacts for these farmers.
A retrospective cohort study of race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy weight, and pregnancy complications
Creators: name: Tiwari, Ruchi
name: Enquobahrie, Daniel A.
name: Wander, Pandora L.
name: Painter, Ian
name: Souter, Vivienne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: To examine the relationship between race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status, and pregnancy complications. We conducted a retrospective cohort study among mothers with singleton live births using data from hospitals contributing to the Obstetrical Care Outcomes Assessment Program database (N = 72,697). Race was categorized as Non-Hispanic (NH) White, NH African-American, Hispanic, NH Asian, NH American Indian/Alaskan Native, and NH Native-Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander. Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status was defined as body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m2. Pregnancy complications evaluated were gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and cesarean delivery. We fitted adjusted and unadjusted stratified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. Interaction terms were used to assess statistical significance of interactions between race/ethnicity and pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status. Most women were NH White (52.1%) and more than half had overweight/obesity (54.3%). Among women with overweight/obesity, Hispanics had a lower risk of cesarean delivery as compared to NH White (adjusted relative risk, aRR:0.89; 95%CI:0.84–0.93). Similarly, among women with overweight/obesity, Hispanic and NH Native-Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander had a lower risk of preeclampsia (aRR:0.74; 95%CI:0.66–0.82 and aRR:0.64; 95%CI:0.44–0.92, respectively) and NH African-American had a greater risk of gestational diabetes (aRR:1.23; 95%CI:1.07–1.42) when compared with NH White women. These associations were not present among normal-weight women. Women with overweight/obesity, when compared with women of normal-weight, had an increased risk of gestational diabetes and cesarean delivery among all race/ethnicities except NH American Indian/Alaskan Native and NH Native-Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, respectively (p-values < .05). The multiplicative interaction terms between race/ethnicity and overweight/obesity status were significant for all three complications (interaction p-values < .05). Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status modifies associations of race/ethnicity with pregnancy complications. Conversely, race/ethnicity modifies associations of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status with pregnancy complications. Our findings have implications for public health and clinical practice, supporting the focus on healthy preconception weight and risk stratification across racial/ethnic groups.
A stable fluorescent Cd(II)-MOF for luminescent sensing of Fe3+, Cr6+ and nitrofurazone antibiotic in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Gao, Ning Ning
name: Yin, Bei Bei
name: Wang, Zhang Xia
name: Sun, Hui
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A large amount of wastewater containing Fe3+, Cr6+ ions and Nitrofurazone antibiotic are poured into the environment resulting in water pollution. A new sensor, [Cd(HPA)(3-bpmh)]n (1), based on 3-bpmh ligand (3-bpmh = N,N’-bis-pyridin-3-ylmethylene-hydrazine) and H2HPA (H2HPA = Homophthalic acid) is studied in this paper. X-ray crystallography shows Cd-MOF in triclinic system with space group Pī. PXRD experiment, infrared spectra, and thermogravimetric analysis were tested and fluorescence experiments proved that it can be used to detect Fe3+, Cr6+ and Nitrofurazone antibiotic in water. The Cd-MOF fluorescence sensor has excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, which is of great significance for the development of metal organic framework materials in luminescence sensing. The possible mechanism is also discussed in this work.
Additional file 2 of Acceptance and commitment therapy for fatigue interference in advanced gastrointestinal cancer and caregiver burden: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Mosher, Catherine E.
name: Secinti, Ekin
name: Kroenke, Kurt
name: Helft, Paul R.
name: Turk, Anita A.
name: Loehrer, Patrick J.
name: Amikar Sehdev
name: Al-Hader, Ahmad A.
name: Champion, Victoria L.
name: Johns, Shelley A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2:. Qualitative interview protocols for patients and caregivers
title: Chancen und Risiken flexibler Arbeitszeitmodelle im Tourismus zur Sicherung der personellen Zukunft
Creators: name: Legenstein, Julia
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 658 Allgemeines Management

description: Durch die voranschreitende Digitalisierung, die Individualisierung und den demografischen Wandel vollzieht sich ein gesellschaftlicher Wertewandel. Der Wunsch nach einer ausgeglichenen Work-Life-Balance wird immer größer, der Ruf nach flexibler Arbeit immer lauter. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welche Chancen und Risiken sich durch flexible Arbeitszeitmodelle für die ArbeitgeberInnen im Tourismus ergeben, um die personelle Zukunft zu sichern. Die Basis für diese Fragestellung bildete eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche. Aufbauend darauf wurden ExpertInnen der Tourismusbranche mittels leitfadengestützter Interviews zu ihren Erfahrungen mit flexiblen Arbeitszeitmodellen befragt und das Potenzial für weitere flexibilisierende Maßnahmen erfragt. Ausgewertet wurden die Interviews mittels inhaltlich strukturierter Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen eine Vielzahl an Ausgestaltungsformen flexibler Arbeitszeitmodelle, welche umfassende Chancen bieten. So wirkt sich agiles Arbeiten nicht nur auf die Mitarbeitermotivation positiv aus, indem es ihre Zufriedenheit und ihr Wohlbefinden erhöht. Es steigert auch individuelle Kompetenzen, wie beispielsweise Selbstorganisation, Selbstmotivation und lösungsorientiertes Denken. Auch die Auswirkungen auf die individuelle Gesundheit dürfen nicht außer Acht gelassen werden. So sind MitarbeiterInnen, die flexibel arbeiten, sowohl physisch als auch psychisch belastbarer. Sie kennzeichnet eine höhere Stressresistenz und die Fähigkeit, auch in herausfordernden Situationen Ruhe zu bewahren. Des Weiteren schafft die Anpassungsfähigkeit flexibler Modelle die Möglichkeit der Erwerbsintegration von Personengruppen, die einer Vollzeitbeschäftigung nicht nachgehen können. Dennoch sind flexible Arbeitszeitmodelle auch mit einigen Risiken verbunden. Vor allem arbeitsrechtliche und betriebswirtschaftliche Einflussgrößen bilden gewaltige Hürden. Doch auch intern werden ArbeitgeberInnen und MitarbeiterInnen vor Herausforderungen gestellt. So erfordert flexibles Arbeiten ein hohes Maß an Eigenverantwortung, Disziplin und auch Kommunikation. Schlussfolgernd beurteilen die ExpertInnen die Flexibilisierung der Arbeitszeit und weiterer Bereiche als unumgänglich für die Zukunft. Dennoch müssen flexibilisierende Maßnahmen mit Bedacht gesetzt werden, da der Einfluss auf die MitarbeiterInnen aufgrund der vielen Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten im Positiven wie im Negativen enorm ist.
INTEGRAL spectroscopy of three powerful radio galaxies: Jet-cloud interactions seen in 3-D
Creators: name: Solorzano-Inarrea, C.
name: Tadhunter, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral-field spectroscopic observations are presented for three powerful radio galaxies, namely 3C277.3 (Coma A; z=0.0857), 3C171 (z=0.2384) and 3C265 (z=0.811), which are known to be undergoing jet-cloud interactions. The morphology, kinematics and ionization of the gas in the emission-line structure of these sources are mapped and analysed. One-dimensional spectra are also extracted and integrated over the different emission-line regions in each galaxy. In two of the galaxies (3C277.3 and 3C171) the radio sizes are of similar extent to the emission-line structure. For these, enhanced emission-line regions are found associated with the radio structures, in addition to complex kinematics and low ionization states close to the radio hotspots, indicating that jet-induced shocks disturb and ionize the gas. Interestingly, the bright -- presumably shock-ionized -- emission-line region coincident with the radio jet knot in 3C277.3 shows quiescent kinematics and high ionization state. Possible explanations for this puzzling result are proposed. The images of 3C171 and 3C265 indicate that the lateral expansion of the cocoon has a significant effect on the kinematics and ionization of the gas, showing for the first time that the effects of the radio source are felt far from the jet axis. In addition, the presence of a stellar-photoionized HII region is detected in the extended emission-line nebula of the radio galaxy 3C277.3.
description: 19 pages, including 16 figures (4 in colour), MNRAS accepted
Fungiacyathus (Bathyactis) margaretae Cairns 1995
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Fungiacyathidae
Fungiacyathus
Fungiacyathus margaretae

description: Fungiacyathus (B.) margaretae Cairns, 1995
 Fungiacyathus margaretae Cairns, 1995: 33–34, pl. 2, figs. a–c; 1999a: 57–58, figs. 2b,c (remarks).
 New records. SEAMOUNTS: Franklin 8/88/D4 (Argo Bank), 1, AM G16597; Franklin 5/89/47 (Britannia), 4, AM G16342. — QUEENSLAND: Franklin 03/99/D13 (Marion Plateau), 2, USNM 1008198; Franklin 03/ 99/D14 (Marion Plateau), 2, USNM 1008197.
 Types. The holotype is NZOI H622; paratypes are split between NZOI and USNM. Type Locality: 27°20.8'S 179°20.9'W (Colville Ridge), 673 m.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 270
Managerial form, ownership and efficiency: a case-study of Argentine agriculture
Creators: name: Gallacher, Marcos
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Gallacher, Marcos
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Debertin, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Farm Management
Production Economics

description: In agriculture, studies dealing with the separation of ownership from control have focused on sharecropping, paying little attention to the impact of management and ownership on efficiency. Using Argentine data, this study tests the hypothesis that efficiency is a function of type of management, concentration of ownership, and mechanisms for monitoring managers. Results show that management, ownership and monitoring have a greater impact on marketing efficiency than either on technical or cost efficiency.
Supplemental Materials.pdf
Creators: name: Komaba, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110306 Endocrinology

description: Data for: Parathyroidectomy versus cinacalcet among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Electrostatic complexation of spheres and chains under elastic stress
Creators: name: Schiessel, H.
name: Bruinsma, R. F.
name: Gelbart, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the complexation of highly charged semiflexible polyelectrolytes with oppositely charged macroions. On the basis of scaling arguments we discuss how the resulting complexes depend on the persistence length of the polyelectrolyte, the salt concentration, and the sizes and charges of the chain and the macroions. We study first the case of complexation with a single sphere and calculate the wrapping length of the chain. We then extend our considerations to complexes involving many wrapped spheres and study cooperative effects. The mechanical properties of such a complex under an external deformation are evaluated.
description: 16 pages, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Fungiacyathus (Fungiacyathus) multicarinatus Cairns 1998
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Fungiacyathidae
Fungiacyathus
Fungiacyathus multicarinatus

description: Fungiacyathus (F.) multicarinatus Cairns, 1998
 Fungiacyathus multicarinatus Cairns, 1998: 370, pl. 1, figs. a–c (WA).–Griffith & Fromont, 1998: 236–237 (type deposition).– Cairns,1999a: 55 (tabular comparison).
 New records. None.
 Types. The holotype, the only known specimen of this species, is WAM 547–84 (Griffith & Fromont, 1998). Type Locality: 15°51.2'S 120°44.3'E (off Dampier Land, WA), 348–350 m.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 270
Additional file 1 of Complete chloroplast genomes of Rubus species (Rosaceae) and comparative analysis within the genus
Creators: name: Yu, Jiaojun
name: Fu, Jun
name: Fang, Yuanping
name: Xiang, Jun
name: Dong, Hongjin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genes with introns in the cp genomes of Rubus as well as the lengths of the exons and introns.
Large Resistivity Reduction in Mixed-Valent CsAuBr$_3$ Under Pressure
Creators: name: Naumov, Pavel
name: Huangfu, Shangxiong
name: Wu, Xianxin
name: Schilling, Andreas
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Medvedev, Sergey
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: von Rohr, Fabian O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on high-pressure $p \leq 45$ GPa resistivity measurements on the perovskite-related mixed-valent compound CsAuBr$_3$. The compounds high-pressure resistivity can be classified into three regions: For low pressures ($p < 10$ GPa) an insulator to metal transition is observed; between $p= 10$ GPa and 14 GPa the room temperature resistivity goes through a minimum and increases again; above $p = 14$ GPa a semiconducting state is observed. From this pressure up to the highest pressure of $p = 45$ GPa reached in this experiment, the room-temperature resistivity remains nearly constant. We find an extremely large resistivity reduction between ambient pressure and 10 GPa by more than 6 orders of magnitude. This decrease is among the largest reported changes in the resistivity for this narrow pressure regime. We show - by an analysis of the electronic band structure evolution of this material - that the large change in resistivity under pressure in not caused by a crossing of the bands at the Fermi level. We find that it instead stems from two bands that are pinned at the Fermi level and that are moving towards one another as a consequence of the mixed-valent to single-valent transition. This mechanism appears to be especially effective for the rapid buildup of the density of states at the Fermi level.
Additional file 1 of Copeptin, pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and pro-adrenomedullin as markers of hypoxic stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea—a prospective intervention study
Creators: name: Karakioulaki, Meropi
name: Grendelmeier, Peter
name: Strobel, Werner
name: Schmid, Thomas
name: Jahn, Kathleen
name: Grize, Leticia
name: Tamm, Michael
name: Stolz, Daiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Diagram of the examinations/interventions planned during the study. Table S2. Mixed linear models for the association of biomarker levels at baseline and diagnostic characteristics for obstructive sleep apnea. Table S3. Mixed linear model for the changes of biomarker levels in different visits, taking into consideration OSA severity, as assessed by the AHI, ESS and ODI scores.
Symplectic conifold transitions
Creators: name: Smith, I.
name: Thomas, R. P.
name: Yau, S. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35; 14J32

description: We introduce a symplectic surgery in six dimensions which collapses Lagrangian three-spheres and replaces them by symplectic two-spheres. Under mirror symmetry it corresponds to an operation on complex 3-folds studied by Clemens, Friedman and Tian. We describe several examples which show that there are either many more Calabi-Yau manifolds (e.g. rigid ones) than previously thought or there exist ``symplectic Calabi-Yaus'' -- non-Kaehler symplectic 6-folds with c_1=0. The analogous surgery in four dimensions, with a generalisation to ADE-trees of Lagrangians, implies that the canonical class of a minimal complex surface contains symplectic forms if and only if it has positive square.
description: Corrections for publication in J. Diff. Geom. and additions to examples. In particular, to date there are no examples proven to be non-Kaehler
Adaptive parameter of standard deviation enhances the power of noninvasive prenatal screens
Creators: name: Qu, Li
name: Wu, Qixi
name: Yang, Xiaoke
name: Wang, Weiwei
name: Xu, Bing
name: Shan, Guangyu
name: Liang, Lin
name: Wang, Shaowei
name: Zhang, Jingbo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Traditional Z-test methods during noninvasive prenatal screens (NIPS) use the fixed parameter of standard deviation (SD), which ignores the influence of actual sequencing read counts of a sample on the results. The aim of this study is to eliminate the influence of the sequencing depth of individual samples on the results and enhance the power of NIPS. In this study, we propose an improved NIPS method, which calculates the SD in the Z-score process adaptively according to the actual read count of the test sample. Our approach obtained the SD linear fitting function along with the read count with a large number of reference samples, in which SD and read count fit well. The effectiveness of our enhanced NIPS method was evaluated on three common trisomy syndromes and five recurrent CNV syndromes with 3219 and 6592 samples based on whole genome sequencing of maternal peripheral blood. A total of 3,219 pregnant samples have been used for validating the proposed method on detecting fetal trisomy syndromes (T13, T18, and T21), in which eight false negative (FN) samples have been corrected as true positive (TP) and eight false positive (FP) samples have been fixed as true negative (TN) with our proposed adaptive-SD method. Another 6592 samples were used to compare the two methods on detecting five recurrent fetal copy number variation (CNV) syndromes, in which the FP samples have decreased from 99 to 39. Our adaptive-SD NIPS method shows more power on detecting both trisomy syndromes and five recurrent CNVs in the pregnant samples with diverse read counts. Besides, our proposed method contributes to lower FP and FN samples than the traditional Z-test method in NIPS. Our results show that our enhanced NIPS methods are effective in detecting both abnormal fetal trisomy syndromes and recurrent CNV syndromes in pregnant women.
Sollte das Recht der aktiven Sterbehilfe in Belgien und Luxemburg auch für psychisch kranke Personen gelten?
Creators: name: Sophie, Haesen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Euthanasia
Belgium
Luxemburg
mental health
human rights

description: Der in nicht-deutschsprachigen Ländern oft verwendete Begriff der „Euthanasie“ (griechisch, wörtlich „guter/schöner Tod“) bezeichnet in den meisten Fällen einen Fall von direkter aktiver Sterbehilfe, manchmal jedoch auch jegliche Verkürzung der Lebensdauer. Dieser Begriff ist zwar in Deutschland noch immer verpönt, da er während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus für die systematische Tötung von Kranken und Häftlingen ohne deren Zustimmung verwendet wurde, in den belgischen und luxemburgischen Gesetzen wird „Euthanasie“ wörtlich verwendet. Im Folgenden wird deshalb der Begriff „Euthanasie“ mit direkter aktiver Sterbehilfe gleichgesetzt, in die der Sterbewillige eingewilligt hat. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen speziellen Aspekt der Euthanasie in Belgien und Luxemburg näher zu beleuchten, nämlich die Möglichkeit für psychisch kranke Personen, ein Gesuch um Euthanasie zu stellen.
Mathematical Model of Diabetes Pathways
Creators: name: Sherman, Arthur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: These are supplemental figures and supplemental equations and parameter value tables for the paper, "Type 2 Diabetes: One Disease, Many Pathways", by Joon Ha and Arthur Sherman (in review at American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism).
Additional file 1 of The UPTAKE study: implications for the future of COVID-19 vaccination trial recruitment in UK and beyond
Creators: name: Sethi, Sonika
name: Kumar, Aditi
name: Anandadeep Mandal
name: Shaikh, Mohammed
name: Hall, Claire A.
name: Kirk, Jeremy M. W.
name: Moss, Paul
name: Brookes, Matthew J.
name: Supratik Basu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Screenshots of Survey.
Relativistic stars in mass-varying massive gravity
Creators: name: Sun, Xue
name: Zhou, Shuang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass-varying massive gravity allows the graviton mass to vary according to different environments. We investigate neutron star and white dwarf solutions in this theory and find that the graviton mass can become very large near the compact stars and settle down quickly to small cosmological values away the stars, similar to that of black holes in the theory. It is found that there exists a tower of compact star solutions where the graviton mass decreases radially to zero non-trivially. We compute the massive graviton effects on the mass-radius relations of the compact stars, and also compare the relative strengths between neutron stars and white dwarfs in constraining the parameter space of mass-varying massive gravity.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures; published in PRD
The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission
Creators: name: Bennett, C. L.
name: Bay, M.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hinshaw, G.
name: Jackson, C.
name: Jarosik, N.
name: Kogut, A.
name: Limon, M.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Page, L.
name: Spergel, D. N.
name: Tucker, G. S.
name: Wilkinson, D. T.
name: Wollack, E.
name: Wright, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of the MAP mission is to determine the geometry, content, and evolution of the universe via a 13 arcmin full-width-half-max (FWHM) resolution full sky map of the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation with uncorrelated pixel noise, minimal systematic errors, multifrequency observations, and accurate calibration. These attributes were key factors in the success of NASA's Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) mission, which made a 7 degree FWHM resolution full sky map, discovered temperature anisotropy, and characterized the fluctuations with two parameters, a power spectral index and a primordial amplitude. Following COBE considerable progress has been made in higher resolution measurements of the temperature anisotropy. With 45 times the sensitivity and 33 times the angular resolution of the COBE mission, MAP will vastly extend our knowledge of cosmology. MAP will measure the physics of the photon-baryon fluid at recombination. From this, MAP measurements will constrain models of structure formation, the geometry of the universe, and inflation. In this paper we present a pre-launch overview of the design and characteristics of the MAP mission. This information will be necessary for a full understanding of the MAP data and results, and will also be of interest to scientists involved in the design of future cosmic microwave background experiments and/or space science missions.
description: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Impacts of FFW on nutrition in rural Kenya
Creators: name: Athanasios, Athanasenas
name: Bezuneh, Mesfin
name: Deaton, Brady J.
name: Athanasios, Athanasenas
name: Bezuneh, Mesfin
name: Deaton, Brady J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Assessing the impacts of Food-for-Work (FFW) on human capital formation depends on understanding the specific nutritional contributions of FFW to the overall diet of FFW participant households. However, empirical studies in this area are very scant. This paper is an attempt to fill such gap. The primary objectives are to measure the magnitude of the FFW contribution to participants' nutritional status. Primary data collected from a random sample of 300 farm-households in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya are used. A linear programming model is used to estimate the shadow prices of nutrients. These prices are then entered into an econometric model of consumer demand for nutrients in order to estimate own and cross-price elasticities for each nutrient component. The results indicate that FFW significantly improves the nutritional status of FFW participant households. More specifically, participants experienced an implicit income gain, which resulted in a significant nutritional improvement. The poorest FFW participant households exhibited even higher nutritional gains (32.46%) than those participants from relatively higher income groups. FFW participant households showed a 90% higher propensity to spend on nutrients than the non-FFW participants. The findings of this study are expected to assist in the design of future 'targeted' food aid projects.
Additional file 5 of Carboxypeptidase B blocks ex vivo activation of the anaphylatoxin-neutrophil extracellular trap axis in neutrophils from COVID-19 patients
Creators: name: Zhang, Yue
name: Han, Kai
name: Du, Chunjing
name: Li, Rui
name: Liu, Jingyuan
name: Zeng, Hui
name: Zhu, Liuluan
name: Li, Ang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Supplementary figure legends.
0257 A Half-Hearted Expressionist Extortion
Creators: name: Frick, María
Publisher: name: RIHA Journal
Year: 2021

description: This article traces the genealogy of Expressionism in Uruguay as an artistic form that, within the framework of a figurative art trend of social and popular orientation, questioned the hegemonic guidelines regarding the cultural identity under construction in the first half of the twentieth century. Taking as an example the representation of the rural landscape and the gaucho, the article describes the incorporation of Expressionist principles and values to reveal both the persistence of the primitive in the project of the modern nation and the consequences of the incipient industrialization on the human experience.
description: RIHA Journal, 2021: RIHA Journal
Additional file 1 of The potential dangers of not understanding COVID-19 public health restrictions in dementia: “It’s a groundhog day – every single day she does not understand why she can’t go out for a walk”
Creators: name: Giebel, Clarissa
name: Hanna, Kerry
name: Rajagopal, Manoj
name: Aravind Komuravelli
name: Cannon, Jacqueline
name: Shenton, Justine
name: Eley, Ruth
name: Gaughan, Anna
name: Callaghan, Steve
name: Tetlow, Hilary
name: Limbert, Stan
name: Whittington, Rosie
name: Rogers, Carol
name: Ward, Kym
name: Shaw, Lisa
name: Butchard, Sarah
name: Gabbay, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Are genetic variations in IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia? Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Nasri, Fatemeh
name: Zare, Maryam
name: Hesampour, Fatemeh
name: Ahmadi, Moslem
name: Ali-Hassanzadeh, Mohammad
name: Mostafaei, Shayan
name: Gharesi-Fard, Behrouz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was performed to assess the potential association between interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1143634 and rs16944) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) SNP (rs1800795) and pre-eclampsia (PE). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the international search engines and databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science (ISI) up to 9 March 2021. After retrieving relevant articles, data extraction was performed by four authors independently. Pooled ORs and corresponding 95% CIs were used to evaluate the association between IL-1β and IL-6 polymorphisms and PE risk. Cochran's Q test was used to check heterogeneity, and the I2 index was calculated for measuring the heterogeneity between the estimations of included studies. After reviewing fully published studies, 21 studies were included in this study based on the eligibility criteria. Our results showed that rs16944 and rs1143634 of IL-1β were significantly associated with the risk of PE. Regarding rs16944, the minor C allele significantly decreased the risk of PE (C vs. T: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69–0.90). In contrast, the minor T allele of rs1143634 significantly increased the risk of PE (T vs. C: OR = 1. 28, 95% CI = 1.04–1.58). There was no significant association between IL-6 rs1800795 (C vs. G: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.93–1.16) polymorphism and PE risk. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests rs1143634 and rs16944 polymorphisms of IL-1β are related to the risk of PE.
Land use dynamics in the central highlands of Vietnam: a spatial model combining village survey data with satellite imagery interpretation
Creators: name: Muller, Daniel
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Muller, Daniel
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Land use change
subject: Deforestation
subject: Geographic information systems (GIS)
subject: Spatial modelling
subject: Multinomiallogit
subject: Vietnam

description: The paper investigates geo-physical, agro-ecological, and socio-economic determinants of past land use change in two districts of Dak Lak province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam and assesses the influence of rural development policies on land cover change. Landsat satellite images from the years 1975, 1992 and 2000 are interpreted to detect land cover in two time periods. A survey in randomly selected villages provides primary recall data on socio-economic and policy variables hypothesised to influence land use change. Secondary data on rainfall, soil suitability, and topography was obtained from meteorological stations and from a digital soil map and digital elevation model. All data were spatially referenced using geographic information systems (GIS) software. A reduced-form, multinomiallogit model is used to estimate the influence of hypothesised determinants on land use and the probabilities that a certain pixel has one of five land classes during either of the two periods. Results suggest that the first period from 1975 to 1992 was characterised by land-intensive agricultural expansion and the conversion of forest into grass and agricultural land. During the second period, since 1992, the rapid, more labour- and capital-intensive growth in the agricultural sector was enabled by the introduction of fertiliser, improved access to rural roads and markets, and expansion of the irrigated area. These policies, combined with the introduction of protected forest areas and policies discouraging shifting cultivation during the second period reduced the pressure on forests while at the same time increasing agricultural productivity and incomes for a growing population. Forest cover during the second period mainly increased due to the regeneration of areas formerly used for shifting cultivation. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Flexible bis(pyridyl-tetrazole) ligand-induced ring-containing metal–organic coordination polymers: synthesis, structures, and properties
Creators: name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Zhao, Jing
name: Lin, Hongyan
name: Le, Mao
name: Liu, Guocheng
name: Wang, Xiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Three coordination polymers (CPs), [Co(3-bptzp)(BDC)] (1), [Zn(3-bptzp)(BDC)] (2), and [Cd(3-bptzp)(BDC)] (3) (3-bptzp = 1,4-bis(5-(3-pyridyl)tetrazolyl)propane, H2BDC = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The CPs were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analyses, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Complexes 1–3 represent the first examples of CPs based on the flexible bis(pyridyl-tetrazole) 3-bptzp. Structure analyses reveal that 1–3 are 1-D ring-containing polymeric chains. For 2 and 3, adjacent 1-D chains are extended to 2-D supramolecular networks by hydrogen bonding. Dye adsorption properties of 1–3, electrochemical properties of 1, and fluorescent-sensing behaviors of 2 and 3 have also been investigated.
Dynamic Stale Synchronous Parallel Distributed Training for Deep Learning
Creators: name: Zhao, Xing
name: An, Aijun
name: Liu, Junfeng
name: Chen, Bao Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning is a popular machine learning technique and has been applied to many real-world problems. However, training a deep neural network is very time-consuming, especially on big data. It has become difficult for a single machine to train a large model over large datasets. A popular solution is to distribute and parallelize the training process across multiple machines using the parameter server framework. In this paper, we present a distributed paradigm on the parameter server framework called Dynamic Stale Synchronous Parallel (DSSP) which improves the state-of-the-art Stale Synchronous Parallel (SSP) paradigm by dynamically determining the staleness threshold at the run time. Conventionally to run distributed training in SSP, the user needs to specify a particular staleness threshold as a hyper-parameter. However, a user does not usually know how to set the threshold and thus often finds a threshold value through trial and error, which is time-consuming. Based on workers' recent processing time, our approach DSSP adaptively adjusts the threshold per iteration at running time to reduce the waiting time of faster workers for synchronization of the globally shared parameters, and consequently increases the frequency of parameters updates (increases iteration throughput), which speedups the convergence rate. We compare DSSP with other paradigms such as Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP), Asynchronous Parallel (ASP), and SSP by running deep neural networks (DNN) models over GPU clusters in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments. The results show that in a heterogeneous environment where the cluster consists of mixed models of GPUs, DSSP converges to a higher accuracy much earlier than SSP and BSP and performs similarly to ASP. In a homogeneous distributed cluster, DSSP has more stable and slightly better performance than SSP and ASP, and converges much faster than BSP.
Mathematical Model of Diabetes Pathways
Creators: name: Sherman, Arthur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: These are supplemental figures (Pathway Tall.pdf); supplemental equations and parameter value tables (Ha Sherman Diabetes Pathways Supplement.pdf); and computer code (Matlab, xppaut in Pathways-Equations.zip) for the paper, "Type 2 Diabetes: One Disease, Many Pathways", by Joon Ha and Arthur Sherman (in review at American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism).
Capturing household-level spatial influence in agricultural management using random effects regression
Creators: name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Random effects models
subject: Spatial autoregressive models
subject: Spatial lag
subject: Spatial error
subject: Land use
subject: Agricultural technology adoption
subject: Natural resource management

description: Data on agricultural and natural resource management typically have spatial patterns related to the landscapes from which they came. Consequently, econometric models designed to explain the determinants of humans' natural resource management practices or their outcomes often have spatial structure that can bring bias or inefficiency to parameter estimates. Although econometric tools are available to correct for spatial structure, such tools are largely lacking for use with discrete dependent variable models. While one obvious solution would be to develop the necessary tools, an alternative is to identify conditions under which spatial dependency can be managed effectively without formal spatial autoregressive models. This study examines conditions under which spatial structure corresponds closely to defined agro-ecological zones, making it possible to model spatial effects by random effects regression. Using household survey data sampled along agro-ecological zone strata, this article develops two models of links between farmer assets and agricultural natural resource degradation in southern Peru. The first stage model looks at determinants of crop yield loss over time (an index of soil productivity), while the second stage model looks at determinants of the extent of fallow cycles in crop rotation, a key agricultural practice reducing crop yield loss. Diagnostic statistics for spatial dependency reveal spatial structure, particularly in the fallow model. This spatial dependency is eliminated in the ordinary least squares (OLS) models by inclusion of the agro-ecological zone random effects. In the spatially dependent fallow model, comparison of coefficient estimates between OLS and the spatial autoregressive maximum likelihood models showed OLS with random effects to give virtually identical results to the spatial autoregressive models, making the latter unnecessary. These results show that spatial structure in natural resource management models can sometimes be captured by zonal variables. When this occurs, random effects regression can largely eliminate spatial dependency. A necessary precondition for this approach with household survey data is prior sample stratification according to landscape characteristics. Where random effects models can effectively capture spatial structure, they may also offer analysts greater flexibility in analyzing models with limited dependent variables. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Vortex avalanches and magnetic flux fragmentation in superconductors
Creators: name: Aranson, Igor
name: Gurevich, Alex
name: Vinokur, Valerii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of numerical simulations of non isothermal dendritic flux penetration in type-II superconductors. We propose a generic mechanism of dynamic branching of a propagating hotspot of a flux flow/normal state triggered by a local heat pulse. The branching occurs when the flux hotspot reflects from inhomogeneities or the boundary on which magnetization currents either vanish, or change direction. Then the hotspot undergoes a cascade of successive splittings, giving rise to a dissipative dendritic-type flux structure. This dynamic state eventually cools down, turning into a frozen multi-filamentary pattern of magnetization currents.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett
The effect of Cushing's syndrome on pregnancy complication rates: analysis of more than 9 million deliveries
Creators: name: Baghlaf, Haitham A.
name: Badeghiesh, Ahmad M.
name: Suarthana, Eva
name: Dahan, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: The purpose of this study to evaluate the risk of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) and maternal and fetal complications using the American Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. This is a retrospective study using the Health Care Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2004 to 2014. We compared pregnancies with CS versus non-CS regarding pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes using multivariate logistic regression. We identified 9,096,788 pregnancies during the study period. Cushing’s syndrome complicated 135 pregnancies at a rate of 1–2 cases per 100,000 births. Cushing’s syndrome subjects were more likely to be older, obese, have private insurance, chronic hypertension, and pre-gestational diabetes (p<.001). The maternal mortality rate was 0.7 and 0.007% in Cushing’s syndrome and control groups, respectively, although due to small numbers of cases, this should be interpreted with caution. Preeclampsia was higher in CS compared to controls after controlling for confounding variables, aOR 2.20. Operative vaginal delivery and blood transfusion rates were higher in CS patients than controls after controlling for confounding factors, aOR 6.49 and 3.09, respectively. The rates of preterm delivery (8.9 versus 7.2%) and gestational diabetes (8.1 versus 5.8%) were not statistically different between CS and control groups. Cushing’s syndrome patients begin pregnancies often with maladies making them more at risk for complications including, preeclampsia, blood transfusion, and operative vaginal delivery. These patients might benefit from prevention methods for preeclampsia, and increased surveillance to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality. However, the nature of the database and its limitations, including the lack of information about CS activity and treatments received by patients, warrant careful interpretation of these results.
Axisymmetric spheroidal squirmers and self-diffusiophoretic particles
Creators: name: Poehnl, Ruben
name: Popescu, Mihail N.
name: Uspal, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, by means of an exact analytical solution, the motion of a spheroidal, axisymmetric squirmer in an unbounded fluid, as well as the low Reynolds number hydrodynamic flow associated to it. In contrast to the case of a spherical squirmer --- for which, e.g., the velocity of the squirmer and the magnitude of the stresslet associated with the flow induced by the squirmer are respectively determined by the amplitudes of the first two slip ("squirming") modes --- for the spheroidal squirmer each squirming mode either contributes to the velocity, or contributes to the stresslet. The results are straightforwardly extended to the self-phoresis of axisymmetric, spheroidal, chemically active particles in the case when the phoretic slip approximation holds.