cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the mean exponential survival time under a sequential censoring scheme
Creators: name: Hu, Jun
name: So, Hon Yiu
name: Zhuang, Yan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: The exponential distribution can provide a simple and appealing survival-time model in reliability analysis and life tests. Due to certain experimental designs, time limitations, budgetary requirements, and other reasons, however, only censored data can be obtained. In this paper, we propose a novel estimation procedure for the mean survival time of an exponential distribution under a sequential censoring scheme, which can be treated as a combination of type I censoring and type II censoring. The procedure makes a trade-off between estimation error and sampling cost, using the minimum number of observations. An extensive set of Monte Carlo simulations is conducted to further validate its remarkable performance. To demonstrate the practical applicability, we then implement this newly proposed procedure to assess the reliability of various Backblaze's hard disk models.
Additional file 3 of Time-dependent selected reaction monitoring-based GC-MS/MS method for estimation of genotoxic impurities in new antibacterial agent: alalevonadifloxacin mesylate
Creators: name: Ahirrao, Vinod K.
name: Jadhav, Rajiv A.
name: Rane, Vipul P.
name: Harshal R. Bhamare
name: Ravindra D. Yeole
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary file S3. Calibration curves of MMS, EMS and IMS.
Fostering Agricultural Market Development in Zambia.
Creators: name: Tembo, Gelson
name: Chapoto, Antony
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Tembo, Gelson
name: Chapoto, Antony
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Weber, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: zambia
subject: food security
subject: agriculture
subject: market development

description: The availability, access and affordability of food is a highly politicized issue throughout the world. In much of southern Africa, there is a widespread view that governments are responsible for ensuring that their populations have reliable access to food. Zambia, like most countries in Southern Africa, is vigorously pursuing continued direct public sector involvement and protectionist measures in the maize marketing sector. Since 1995, the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) and more recently, subsidies through the Fertilizer Support Program (FSP), have been the major instruments of government policy. While in some respects current operations undertaken by the government are similar to those adopted at independence, there are some noteworthy changes. Specifically, the private sector is no longer barred by statutory measures. In principle, the private sector is now encouraged to perform marketing functions alongside the public sector. However, in practice, the private sector is often prevented from doing so due to government use of discretionary trade policy instruments, such as variable export bans and restrictions, variable import tariff rates, and government import programs.
The dust SED in the dwarf galaxy NGC 1569: Indications for an altered dust composition?
Creators: name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Israel, F. P.
name: Stil, J.
name: Sievers, A.
name: Haas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the interpretation of the dust SED from the mid-infrared to the millimeter range of NGC 1569. The model developed by Désert et al. (1990) including three dust components (Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons, Very Small Grains and big grains) can explain the data using a realistic interstellar radiation field and adopting an enhanced abundance of VSGs. A simple three-temperature model is also able to reproduce the data but requires a very low dust temperature which is considered to be unlikely in this low-metallicity starburst galaxy. The high abundance of Very Small Grains might be due to large grain destruction in supernova shocks. This possibility is supported by ISO data showing that the emission at 14.3 $μ$m, tracing VSGs, is enhanced with respect to the emission at 6.7 $μ$m and 850 $μ$m in regions of high star formation.
description: 4 pages, conference proceedings paper, "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data", Heidelberg, 4-8 Oct. 2004, eds. C.C. Popescu & R.J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser., in press
Quantum chaos in a system with high degree of symmetries
Creators: name: de la Cruz, Javier
name: Lerma-Hernandez, Sergio
name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamical signatures of quantum chaos in one of the most relevant models in many-body quantum mechanics, the Bose-Hubbard model, whose high degree of symmetries yields a large number of invariant subspaces and degenerate energy levels. While the standard procedure to reveal signatures of quantum chaos requires classifying the energy levels according to their symmetries, we show that this classification is not necessary to obtain manifestation of spectral correlations in the temporal evolution of the survival probability. Our findings exhibit the survival probability as a powerful tool to detect the presence of quantum chaos, avoiding the experimental and theoretical challenges associated with the determination of a complete set of energy eigenstates and their symmetry classification.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Cardy Limits of 6d Superconformal Theories
Creators: name: Lee, Kimyeong
name: Nahmgoong, June
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the supersymmetric partition functions of 6d SCFTs on $\mathbb{R}^4\times T^2$ with non-vanishing charges for compatible global symmetries. We utilize the elliptic genera for self-dual strings and compute the free energy of 6d SCFTs in the Cardy limit. For a 6d (2,0) theory on $N$ M5-brane, we obtain the free energy proportional to $N^3$. We find that the origin of $N^3$ comes from the condensation of the self-dual strings, whose total number is proportional to ${N^3-N\over 6}$. We further extend our analysis to the general E-string theory and obtain its Cardy free energy.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures
Possibilities for Expanding the Market for Sugarcane Bagasse
Creators: name: Goldsborough, George H.
name: Anderson, Kenneth E.
name: Goldsborough, George H.
name: Anderson, Kenneth E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Bagasse, the fibrous portion of sugarcane, is a byproduct of sugar processing; and it has physical characteristics making it suitable for use for commercial products. As a result, considerable technical research has been devoted to the development of processes for using bagasse commercially. However, presently only about 10 percent is being used commercially; the rest is burned as fuel in sugar mill furnaces. This study undertook to evaluate the possibilities of expanding the present market and developing a market for future bagasse products. The principal criteria used in this evaluation were relative quality and cost of bagasse products compared to those of competing products, and probable market growth for products which are being and can be made from bagasse.
Additional file 2 of Time-dependent selected reaction monitoring-based GC-MS/MS method for estimation of genotoxic impurities in new antibacterial agent: alalevonadifloxacin mesylate
Creators: name: Ahirrao, Vinod K.
name: Jadhav, Rajiv A.
name: Rane, Vipul P.
name: Harshal R. Bhamare
name: Ravindra D. Yeole
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary file S2. Auto-SRM optimization data.
Tart Cherry Yield and Economic Response to Alternative Planting Densities
Creators: name: Me-Nsope, Nathalie Mongue
name: Me-Nsope, Nathalie Mongue
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Tart cherries
subject: pricing
subject: planting density

description: The study investigates the economic response of tart cherry yields to planting density using an unbalanced longitudinal yield data from tart cherry orchards in Northwest Michigan. The relationship between tart cherry yield and tree age is specified as a linear spline function and planting density interacts with tree age. A random effect method, treating block as random, is used to estimate the spline function. Stochastic simulation was used to estimate the mean and variance of the product of two random variables (price and yield), and the coefficient of variation was used as a measure of how much risk is involved in corn/soybeans production relative to tart cherries production. Estimates of the variance provided the discount factor (10%) and with yields predicted from the statistical model, relevant cost data and prices, a deterministic simulation was performed to determine the economically optimal planting density, using annualized net present value (ANPV) as the decision-making criterion. Results of the study show that at a discount rate of 10% and tart cherries priced at $0.30 per lb, planting 160 trees per acre is most profitable. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine the effect of variation in interest rates and tart cherry prices on the optimal planting density. Changing the discount rate to 12% or 15% or the price to $0.50/lb did not change the most profitable planting density.
Production of a recombinant protein using Pichia pastoris grown in kraft evaporator condensate
Creators: name: Hoy, Preston Yee Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Increasingly, environmental regulations are guiding industries to adopt practices which minimize water use and associated effluent discharge. In the pulp and paper industry, this has resulted in a trend to recycle waste streams as process water within various mill operations. Since instituting environmentally sound practices is often a balance between satisfying regulatory requirements and plant economics, any process which may satisfy both goals should be investigated further. In this study, the feasibility of cultivating a recombinant strain of the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, on combined evaporator condensate from a Kraft mill was investigated. The use of a recombinant yeast in this application is novel and the reasoning behind this research is two-fold. Firstly, to facilitate complete methanol removal from a waste stream, rendering it suitable for re-use within the mill or discharge. Secondly, to generate a product of potential economic value in the pulp and paper industry. A literature review was conducted to generate a list of Pichia transformants expressing potentially useful products. Through a selection process that rated each candidate based on a criteria set, a recombinant Pichia strain expressing lipase from Geotrichum candidum was selected. A series of shake flask experiments were performed to gauge the effect of various media compositions on yeast growth. This was followed by fed-batch cultivations in a 1.8 L reactor which was monitored and controlled via a program written in Lab VIEW [National Instruments, Austin, Texas]. Feeding was automated using a feedback algorithm loosely based on the SCF technique which used DO patterns to initiate cycling. Cell densities of 8-12 g/L (dry weight) were reached within the reactor grown on a condensate/methanol feed. Lipase activity was determined titrimetrically and was found to occur only in the presence of yeast-peptone. Maximum enzyme activities for the reactor trials were in the range of 10.8 - 13.9 μmol/min/mL. Protein concentrations for the two final runs were measured at 57 and 48 mg/L, yielding respective specific activity values of 220 and 140 jjmol/min/mg. These values are roughly 6-7 times lower than cited in literature and is thought to have been resultant from various factors including proteolytic deactivation. This study has demonstrated the possibility of growing a recombinant yeast in a kraft waste effluent to produce a useful product.
Additional file 6 of The significance of m6A RNA methylation regulators in predicting the prognosis and clinical course of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Qiongxuan Fang
name: Chen, Hongsong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Identification of the independent prognostic role of prognostic gene signature by multivariate analyses using the Cox regression model.
A Simultaneous Quantum Secure Direct Communication Scheme between the Central Party and Other M Parties
Creators: name: Gao, Ting
name: Yan, Feng-Li
name: Wang, Zhi-Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simultaneous quantum secure direct communication scheme between one party and other three parties via four-particle GHZ states and swapping quantum entanglement. In the scheme, three spatially separated senders, Alice, Bob and Charlie, transmit their secret messages to a remote receiver Diana by performing a series local operations on their respective particles according to the quadripartite stipulation. From Alice, Bob, Charlie and Diana's Bell measurement results, Diana can infer the secret messages. If a perfect quantum channel is used, the secret messages are faithfully transmitted from Alice, Bob and Charlie to Diana via initially shared pairs of four-particle GHZ states without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. As there is no transmission of the qubits carrying the secret message in the public channel, it is completely secure for the direct secret communication. This scheme can be considered as a network of communication parties where each party wants to communicate secretly with a central party or server.
description: 4 pages, no figure
The Anomaly flow on nilmanifolds
Creators: name: Pujia, Mattia
name: Ugarte, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C44, 53C15, 53B15, 53C30

description: We study the Anomaly flow on $2$-step nilmanifolds with respect to any Hermitian connection in the Gauduchon line. In the case of flat holomorphic bundle, the general solution to the Anomaly flow is given for any initial invariant Hermitian metric. The solutions depend on two constants $K_1$ and $K_2$, and we study the qualitative behaviour of the Anomaly flow in terms of their signs, as well as the convergence in Gromov-Hausdorff topology. The sign of $K_1$ is related to the conformal invariant introduced by Fu, Wang and Wu. In the non-flat case, we find the general evolution equations of the Anomaly flow under certain initial assumptions. This allows us to detect non-flat solutions to the Hull-Strominger-Ivanov system on a concrete nilmanifold, which appear as stationary points of the Anomaly flow with respect to the Bismut connection.
description: 34 pages. Comments are welcome
Projected Three-Pion Correlation Functions
Creators: name: Heinz, Ulrich W.
name: Sugarbaker, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new procedure for constructing projected three-pion correlation functions which reduces undesirable artificial momentum dependences resulting from the commonly used procedure and facilitates comparison of three-pion correlation data with theoretical models.
description: 6 pages revtex, incl. 1 figure. Submitted as Brief Report to Physical Review C. Normalization error and typos corrected
LHC Signals for KK Graviton from an Extended Warped Extra Dimension
Creators: name: Agashe, Kaustubh
name: Ekhterachian, Majid
name: Kim, Doojin
name: Sathyan, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from production and decay of Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons in the context of "extended" warped extra-dimensional models, where the standard model (SM) Higgs and fermion fields are restricted to be in-between the usual ultraviolet/Planck brane and a $\sim O(10)$ TeV (new, "intermediate") brane, whereas the SM gauge fields (and gravity) propagate further down to the $\sim O( \hbox{TeV} )$ infrared brane. Such a framework suppresses flavor violation stemming from KK particle effects, while keeping the KK gauge bosons and gravitons accessible to the LHC. We find that the signals from KK graviton are significantly different than in the standard warped model. This is because the usually dominant decay modes of KK gravitons into top quark, Higgs and longitudinal $W/Z$ particles are suppressed by the above spatial separation between these two sets of particles, thus other decay channels are allowed to shine themselves. In particular, we focus on two novel decay channels of the KK graviton. The first one is the decay into a pair of radions, each of which decays (dominantly) into a pair of SM gluons, resulting in a resonant 4-jet final state consisting of two pairs of dijet resonance. On the other hand, if the radion is heavier and/or KK gluon is lighter, then the KK graviton mostly decays into a KK gluon and a SM gluon. The resulting KK gluon has a significant decay branching fraction into radion and SM gluon, thereby generating (again) a 4-jet signature, but with a different underlying event topology, i.e., featuring now three different resonances. We demonstrate that the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) has sensitivity to KK graviton of (up to) $\sim 4$ TeV in both channels, whereas it is unlikely to have sensitivity in the standard dijet resonance search channel from KK graviton decay into two gluons.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures
Cluster mergers and non-thermal phenomena: expectations from a statistical magneto-turbulent model
Creators: name: Cassano, R.
name: Brunetti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most important evidences for non-thermal phenomena in galaxy clusters comes from the spectacular synchrotron radio emission diffused over Mpc scale observed in a growing number of massive clusters. A promising possibility to explain giant radio halos is given by the presence of relativistic electrons reaccelerated by some kind of turbulence generated in the cluster volume during merger events. With the aim to investigate the connection between thermal and non-thermal properties of the ICM, in this paper we develope a statistical magneto-turbulent model which describes in a self-consistent way the evolution of the thermal ICM and that of the non-thermal emission from clusters. Making use of the extended Press & Schechter formalism, we follow cluster mergers and estimate the injection rate of the fluid turbulence generated during these energetic events. We then calculate the evolution of the spectrum of the relativistic electrons in the ICM during the cluster life by taking into account both the electron-acceleration due to the merger-driven turbulence and the relevant energy losses of the electrons. We end up with a synthetic population of galaxy clusters for which the evolution of the ICM and of the non-thermal spectrum emitted by the accelerated electrons is calculated. The generation of detectable non-thermal radio and hard X-ray emission in the simulated clusters is found to be possible during major merger events for reliable values of the model parameters. In addition the occurrence of radio halos as a function of the mass of the parent clusters is calculated and compared with observations. In this case it is found that the model expectations are in good agreement with observations.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Critical currents for vortex defect motion in superconducting arrays
Creators: name: Lim, Jong Soo
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Kim, Beom Jun
name: Choi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the motion of vortices in two-dimensional arrays of resistively shunted Josephson junctions. An extra vortex is created in the ground states by introducing novel boundary conditions and made mobile by applying external currents. We then measure critical currents and the corresponding pinning energy barriers to vortex motion, which in the unfrustrated case agree well with previous theoretical and experimental findings. In the fully frustrated case our results also give good agreement with experimental ones, in sharp contrast with the existing theoretical prediction. A physical explanation is provided in relation with the vortex motion observed in simulations.
description: To appear in Physical Review B
DIM light on Black Hole X-ray Transients
Creators: name: Dubus, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current model for the outburst of stellar-mass black holes X-ray binaries is the disk instability model (DIM). An overview of this model and a discussion of its theoretical and observational challenges are given.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, sollicited talk for "Astrophysical Sources of High Energy Particles and Radiation" (Torun, June 20-24, 2005), to be published in AIP Proceedings Series
Skewed recoil polarization in (e,e'p) reactions from polarized nuclei
Creators: name: Amaro, J. E.
name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Caballero, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general formalism describing $\vec{A}(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})B$ reactions, involving polarization of the electron beam, target and ejected proton, is presented within the framework of the relativistic plane wave impulse approximation for medium and heavy nuclei. It is shown that the simultaneous measurement of the target and ejected proton polarization can provide new information which is not contained in the separate analysis of the $\vec{A}(\vec{e},e'p)B$ and $A(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})B$ reactions. The polarization transfer mechanism in which the electron interacts with the initial nucleon carrying the target polarization, making the proton exit with a fractional polarization in a different direction, is referred to here as ``skewed polarization''. The new observables characterizing the process are identified, and written in terms of polarized response functions and asymmetries which are of tensor nature. The corresponding half-off-shell single-nucleon responses are analyzed using different prescriptions for the electromagnetic vertex and for different kinematics. Numerical predictions are presented for selected perpendicular and parallel kinematics in the case of $^{39}$K as polarized target.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
Coulomb effects in four nucleon continuum states
Creators: name: Lazauskas, R.
name: Carbonell, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faddeev-Yakubovski equations are solved in configuration space for low energy four-nucleon continuum states. Coulomb interaction was included into the formalism permitting an exact description of the scattering states in p+$^{3}$He and p+$^{3}$H systems.
General RGEs for dimensionful couplings in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme
Creators: name: Sartore, Lohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Poole & Thomsen have presented the Renormalization Group Equations (RGEs) in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme for dimensionless parameters of a general renormalizable gauge theory in a new formalism based on the Local Renormalization Group. In this Letter, we apply the dummy field method to the expressions in this formalism in order to derive the RGEs for the dimensionful couplings which so far have been missing in this approach. The complete set of RGEs has been implemented in a new version of the public code PyR@TE (arXiv:2007.12700) dedicated to the automatic computation of the RGEs for any general renormalizable (non-supersymmetric) gauge theory.
description: Version accepted in PRD; 6 pages
Magnetic and electronic transport percolation in epitaxial GeMn films
Creators: name: Pinto, N.
name: Morresi, L.
name: Ficcadenti, M.
name: Murri, R.
name: D'Orazio, F.
name: Lucari, F.
name: Boarino, L.
name: Amato, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic transport and magnetic properties of Ge1-xMnx/Ge(100) films are investigated as a function of Mn dilution. Depending on x, characteristic temperatures separate different regimes in both properties. Resistivity exhibits an insulator-like behavior in the whole temperature range and, below about 80 K, two distinct activation energies are observed. At a higher temperature value, TR, resistivity experiences a sudden reduction. Hall coefficient shows a strong contribution from the anomalous Hall effect and, at TR, a sign inversion, from positive to negative, is recorded. The magnetic properties, inferred from magneto-optical Kerr effect, evidence a progressive decrease of the ferromagnetic long range order as the temperature is raised, with a Curie temperature TC not far from TR. The transport and magnetic results are qualitatively consistent with a percolation mechanism due to bound magnetic polarons in a GeMn diluted magnetic semiconductor, with localized holes [A. Kaminski and S. Das Sarma, Phys. Rev. B 68, 235210 (2003)].
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. B
Estimating changepoints in extremal dependence, applied to aviation stock prices during COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Hazra, Arnab
name: Bose, Shiladitya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The dependence in the tails of the joint distribution of two random variables is generally assessed using χ-measure, the limiting conditional probability of one variable being extremely high given the other variable is also extremely high. This work is motivated by the structural changes in χ-measure between the daily rate of return (RoR) of the two Indian airlines, IndiGo and SpiceJet, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We model the daily maximum and minimum RoR vectors (potentially transformed) using the bivariate Hüsler-Reiss (BHR) distribution. To estimate the changepoint in the χ-measure of the BHR distribution, we explore two changepoint detection procedures based on the Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) and Modified Information Criterion (MIC). We obtain critical values and power curves of the LRT and MIC test statistics for low through high values of χ-measure. We also explore the consistency of the estimators of the changepoint based on LRT and MIC numerically. In our data application, for RoR maxima and minima, the most prominent changepoints detected by LRT and MIC are close to the announcement of the first phases of lockdown and unlock, respectively, which are realistic; thus, our study would be beneficial for portfolio optimization in the case of future pandemic situations.
Local and Regional Food Aid Procurement: An Assessment of Experience in Africa and Elements of Good Donor Practice
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Del Castillo, Anne Marie
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Del Castillo, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management

description: This Policy Synthesis is a summary of a longer report that discusses the procurement of food aid within the country or region where it is needed. Referred to as local and regional procurement – LRP – this practice has become a major element in multilateral food aid response over the past decade1. The paper examines the relevance and the rationale for using LRP, reviews the efficiency of World Food Program (WFP) LRP activities in Africa relative to inkind food aid and to prices in the markets in which it occurs, and proposes a classification of risks in LRP. It then discusses a range of potential LRP modalities, and proposes a framework of guiding principles, information systems, and operational procedures for responsible and effective LRP. Finally, the paper briefly discusses the implications of this research for expansion of U.S. government (USG) authority to engage in LRP.
A novel Phase II single-arm hybrid design to minimize trial duration and enhance subsequent Phase III trial success rate
Creators: name: Lu, Jun
name: Zhang, Yuzi
name: Cui, Ying
name: Peng, Limin
name: Chen, Zhengjia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Many Phase III trials fail for lack of significant efficacy for the testing agents although their success has been demonstrated in preceding Phase II trials. One of the major reasons for this discordance is the use of different endpoints in Phase II and III trials, respectively. In oncology clinical trials, tumor response (surrogate endpoint) can be determined quickly whereas survival estimation (direct endpoint) requires a long period of follow-up. To better bridge the gap between two endpoints, we propose a novel two-stage single-arm hybrid design for Phase II trials whereby the percent of tumor size change is used as an initial screening to select potentially effective agents within a short time interval followed by a second screening stage where survival is estimated to confirm the efficacy of agents. This design can improve trial efficiency and reduce cost by early stopping the evaluation of an ineffective agent based on the low percent of tumor size change. The second survival endpoint screening will substantially increase the success rate of the follow-up Phase III trial by using the same endpoint. Simulation studies demonstrated that our novel design has improved in terms of trial efficiency, trial length, and the success rate of following Phase III trials.
Alternative Interpretation of Sharply Rising E0 Strengths in Transitional Regions
Creators: name: von Brentano, P.
name: Werner, V.
name: Casten, R. F.
name: Scholl, C.
name: McCutchan, E. A.
name: Kruecken, R.
name: Jolie, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that strong 0+2 -> 0+1 E0 transitions provide a clear signature of phase transitional behavior in finite nuclei. Calculations using the IBA show that these transition strengths exhibit a dramatic and robust increase in spherical-deformed shape transition regions, that this rise matches well the existing data, that the predictions of these E0 transitions remain large in deformed nuclei, and that these properties are intrinsic to the way that collectivity and deformation develop through the phase transitional region in the model, arising from the specific d-boson coherence in the wave functions, and that they do not necessarily require the explicit mixing of normal and intruder configurations from different IBA spaces.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Fast computation of spherical phase-space functions of quantum many-body states
Creators: name: Koczor, Bálint
name: Zeier, Robert
name: Glaser, Steffen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum devices are preparing increasingly more complex entangled quantum states. How can one effectively study these states in light of their increasing dimensions? Phase spaces such as Wigner functions provide a suitable framework. We focus on phase spaces for finite-dimensional quantum states of single qudits or permutationally symmetric states of multiple qubits. We present methods to efficiently compute the corresponding phase-space functions which are at least an order of magnitude faster than traditional methods. Quantum many-body states in much larger dimensions can now be effectively studied by experimentalists and theorists using these phase-space techniques.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Modeling the time to dropout under phase-wise variable stress fixed cohort setup
Creators: name: Biswas, Aniket
name: Chakraborty, Subrata
name: Nandi, Anupama
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The event of a student dropping out from an academic program depends on several factors namely course content, change in interest, financial problems among many others. These factors vary interdependently with different phases of the academic program. We assume that the factors put different amount of academic stresses on a student in different phases of the program. We formulate and analyze such an accumulated-stress model under the assumption that the attrition time at each phase follows the Kumaraswamy distribution. A hazard-rate based approach is used to model the accumulated stress through different phases. At each phase the stress levels vary. Accordingly, we estimate the model parameters based on the frequentist approach. Extensive simulation experiments indicate satisfactory performance of the estimators. A synthetic dataset related to students' dropout has been analyzed for illustrative purpose.
title: Sprachgebrauch und Sprachreformen in Siebenbürgen in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Politische und gelehrte Diskurse
Creators: name: Biró, Annámaria
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: In: Daniela Haarmann / Konrad Petrovszky (eds.), Language and Society in 18th Century South Eastern Europe / Sprache und Gesellschaft in Südosteuropa im 18. Jahrhundert, Yearbook of the Society for 18th Century Studies on South Eastern Europe 3 (2020), 142–162.
Effect of noise and modeling errors on the reliability of fully 3D Monte Carlo reconstruction in SPECT
Creators: name: Lazaro, D.
name: Bitar, Z. El
name: Breton, V.
name: Buvat, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently demonstrated the value of reconstructing SPECT data with fully 3D Monte Carlo reconstruction (F3DMC), in terms of spatial resolution and quantification. This was shown on a small cubic phantom (64 projections 10 x 10) in some idealistic configurations. The goals of the present study were to assess the effect of noise and modeling errors on the reliability of F3DMC, to propose and evaluate strategies for reducing the noise in the projector, and to demonstrate the feasibility of F3DMC for a dataset with realistic dimensions. A small cubic phantom and a realistic Jaszczak phantom dataset were considered. Projections and projectors for both phantoms were calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation code GATE. Projectors with different statistics were considered and two methods for reducing noise in the projector were investigated: one based on principal component analysis (PCA) and the other consisting in setting small probability values to zero. Energy and spatial shifts in projection sampling with respect to projector sampling were also introduced to test F3DMC in realistic conditions. Experiments with the cubic phantom showed the importance of using simulations with high statistics for calculating the projector, and the value of filtering the projector using a PCA approach. F3DMC was shown to be robust with respect to energy shift and small spatial sampling off-set between the projector and the projections. Images of the Jaszczak phantom were successfully reconstructed and also showed promising results in terms of spatial resolution recovery and quantitative accuracy in small structures. It is concluded that the promising results of F3DMC hold on realistic data sets
Impact of internal-delensing biases on searches for primordial B-modes of CMB polarisation
Creators: name: Lizancos, Antón Baleato
name: Challinor, Anthony
name: Carron, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for the imprint of primordial gravitational waves in degree-scale CMB $B$-mode polarisation data must account for significant contamination from gravitational lensing. Fortunately, the lensing effects can be partially removed by combining high-resolution $E$-mode measurements with an estimate of the projected matter distribution. In the near future, experimental characteristics will be such that the latter can be reconstructed internally with high fidelity from the observed CMB, with the $EB$ quadratic estimator providing a large fraction of the signal-to-noise. It is a well-known phenomenon in this context that any overlap in modes between the $B$-field to be delensed and the $B$-field from which the reconstruction is derived leads to a suppression of delensed power going beyond that which can be attributed to a mitigation of the lensing effects. More importantly, the variance associated with this spectrum is also reduced, posing the question of whether the additional power suppression could help better constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$. In this paper, we show this is not the case, as suggested but not quantified in previous work. We develop an analytic model for the biased delensed $B$-mode angular power spectrum, which suggests a simple renormalisation prescription to avoid bias on the inferred tensor-to-scalar ratio. With this approach, we learn that the bias necessarily leads to a degradation of the signal-to-noise on a primordial component compared to "unbiased delensing". Next, we assess the impact of removing from the lensing reconstruction any overlapping $B$-modes on our ability to constrain $r$, showing that it is in general advantageous to do this rather than modeling or renormalising the bias. Finally, we verify these results within a maximum-likelihood inference framework applied to simulations.
description: 22 pages + appendices & references. 15 figures. Matches version published in JCAP
Finite-size effects in BaTiO3 nanowires
Creators: name: Geneste, Gregory
name: Bousquet, Eric
name: Junquera, Javier
name: Ghosez, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size dependence of the ferroelectric properties of BaTiO$_3$ nanowires is studied from first-principles. We show that the ferroelectric distortion along the wire axis disappears below a critical diameter of about 1.2 nm. This disappearance is related to a global contraction of the unit cell resulting from low atomic coordinations at the wire surface. It is shown that a ferroelectric distortion can be recovered under appropriate tensile strain conditions.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Applied Physics Letters
Synthesis and compression study of orthorhombic Fe7(C, Si)3: a possible constituent of the Earth’s core
Creators: name: Saha, Pinku
name: Glazyrin, Konstantin
name: Mukherjee, Goutam Dev
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The orthorhombic phase of Si-doped Fe carbide is synthesized at high-pressures and temperatures using laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LHDAC), followed by its characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Room-temperature high-pressure XRD measurements are carried out up to about 104 GPa for the determination of the equation of state parameters. No evidence of structural transition is observed. Pressure evolution of isothermal bulk modulus shows elastic stiffening around 28 GPa followed by softening around 78 GPa, which are possibly related to magnetic transitions driven by pressure-induced anisotropic strain in the unit cell. Extrapolation of the density profile of our study to the inner core conditions agrees very well with PREM data with an uncertainty of about 3–4%. Our estimated bulk modulus value at core pressures seems to be 8-9% less than that of PREM data and is best matched in comparison to other reported values.
Neutrino Properties and Tests of Symmetries
Creators: name: de Gouvea, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fact that neutrinos have mass allows them to possess many other properties, like a magnetic dipole moment and a finite decay width. Theoretical expectations for these are, however, well beyond current experimental bounds, and the discovery of new exotic neutrino properties would indicate the presence of (more) new physics. Here, I review some of the current bounds on exotic neutrino properties. Neutrino experiments are unique probes of several fundamental space-time symmetries, including invariance under CP and Lorentz transformations. I discuss how precision neutrino experiments are used to test some of the most fundamental principles of physics at unprecedented levels.
description: 8 pages, 3 eps figures. Talk at Neutrino 2004
ТАЛАБАЛАРНИ КАСБИЙ-ПЕДАГОГИК ТАЙЁРЛАШДА РЕФЛЕКСИВ ПОЗИЦИЯНИНГ ТУЗИЛИШИ ВА ЎРНИ
Creators: name: Jo'rayev, Sherali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ушбу мақолада талабаларнинг рефлексив позицияси фалсафий ва педагогик-психологик муаммо сифатида ёритилган. Шунингдек, рефлексия, умумэътироф қилинган педагогик-психологик ҳодиса сифатида, талабанинг касбий-педагогик позициясининг таркибий қисми сифатида таҳлил қилинган.
Early Childhood Nutrition, Schooling, and Sibling Inequality in a Dynamic Context: Evidence from South Africa
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Futoshi
name: Yamauchi, Futoshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: early childhood nutrition
subject: health capital
subject: height-for-age
subject: schooling investments and outcomes
subject: South Africa

description: This paper examines the effects of early childhood nutrition on schooling inputs and outcomes to assess the dynamic nature of human capital production, using panel data from South Africa. Height-for-age Z-score is used as a measure of health and nutritional status in early childhood. Based on a comparison of siblings, this analysis concludes that improving children’s health significantly lowers the age when they start school, increases grade attainment, and decreases grade repetition in the early stage of schooling. However, this positive effect diminishes at later stages. The results also show that households allocate more of their resources (such as school fee expenditure) to healthy children at the early stage, although wealthier households may invest more in less well endowed children in an attempt to reduce sibling inequality. However, fewer resources are allocated to healthy children at later stages. By the time of transition from primary to secondary school, the healthy child can increase household income by seeking employment in the labor market. In other words, while health capital augments the efficiency of investment in schooling at the early stage, it may increase opportunity costs at the later stage, which may deter investment in schooling.
Additional file 1 of Time-dependent selected reaction monitoring-based GC-MS/MS method for estimation of genotoxic impurities in new antibacterial agent: alalevonadifloxacin mesylate
Creators: name: Ahirrao, Vinod K.
name: Jadhav, Rajiv A.
name: Rane, Vipul P.
name: Harshal R. Bhamare
name: Ravindra D. Yeole
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file S1. Mass spectrum of Chlorobenzene (IS), MMS, EMS and IMS with putative fragmentaton pathway.
Improved SAR Imaging Via Cross-Learning from Camera Images
Creators: name: Gishkori, Shahzad
name: Wright, David
name: Daniel, Liam
name: Gashinova, Marina
name: Mulgrew, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a novel concept of cross-learning, in order to improve SAR images by learning from the camera images. We use a multi-level abstraction approach to materialise knowledge transfer between the two modalities. We also compare the performance of other possible approaches. We provide experimental results on real data to validate the proposed concept.