cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S1 (sample details) and Supplementary figures S1 and S2 (additional fossil images) and S3 (plots of fossil measurements) from Colonial green algae in the Cambrian plankton
Creators: name: HARVEY, Thomas H. P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
Ecology not elsewhere classified
Evolutionary Biology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Table S1. Samples yielding fossil algal coenobia: locality, stratigraphic position and number of recovered specimens from SCF (small carbonaceous fossil) and standard palynological processing. Supplementary Figure S1. Additional coenobial microfossils from the lower Cambrian Forteau Formation: larger specimens. Supplementary Figure S2. Additional coenobial microfossils from the lower Cambrian Forteau Formation: smaller specimens. Supplementary Figure S3. Population statistics of the coenobial microfossils from the lower Cambrian Forteau Formation.
The Density Parity Model for the Evolution of the Subhalo Inner Spin Alignments with the Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Moon, Jun-Sung
name: Lee, Jounghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new model within which the radius-dependent transition of the subhalo inner spins with respect to the cosmic web and the variation of the transition threshold radius ($r_{\rm th}$) with subhalo mass ($M_{\rm vir}$), smoothing scale ($r_{f}$), and redshift ($z$) can be coherently explained. The key tenet of this model is that the competition between the pressure effect of the inner mass and the compression effect of the local tidal field determines which principal direction of the tidal field the inner spins are aligned with. If the former predominates, then only the tidal torques turn on, resulting in the alignments of the inner spins with the intermediate principal axes of the tidal field. Otherwise, the subhalo spins acquire a tendency to be aligned with the shortest axes of the subhalo shapes, which is in the major principal directions of the tidal field. Quantifying the two effects in terms of the densities, we make a purely analytical prediction for $r_{\rm th}(M_{\rm vir}, z, r_{f})$. Testing this model against the numerical results from a high-resolution dark matter only N-body simulation in the redshift range of $0\le z\le 3$ on the galactic mass scale of $11.8\le \log[M_{\rm vir}/(h^{-1}M_{\odot})]\le 12.6$ for two different cases of $r_{f}/(h^{-1}{\rm Mpc})=0.5$ and $1$, we find excellent agreements of the model predictions with the numerical results. It is also shown that this model naturally predicts the alignments between the inner spins of the present subhalos with the principal axes of the high-$z$ tidal field at the progenitors' locations.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, revised version after a referee's report, improved analysis
Additional file 4 of Negative pressure wound therapy in patients with wounds healing by secondary intention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Creators: name: Zens, Yvonne
name: Barth, Michael
name: Bucher, Heiner C.
name: Dreck, Katrin
name: Felsch, Moritz
name: Groß, Wolfram
name: Jaschinski, Thomas
name: Kölsch, Heike
name: Kromp, Mandy
name: Overesch, Inga
name: Sauerland, Stefan
name: Gregor, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Overview of key findings according to GRADE (DOCX 18 kb)
A characteristic map for compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Kaygun, A.
name: Sütlü, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if $G$ is a compact Lie group and $\mathfrak{g}$ is its Lie algebra, then there is a map from the Hopf-cyclic cohomology of the quantum enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ to the twisted cyclic cohomology of quantum group algebra $\mathcal{O}(G_q)$. We also show that the Schmüdgen-Wagner index cocycle associated with the volume form of the differential calculus on the standard Podleś sphere $\mathcal{O}(S^2_q)$ is in the image of this map.
(100811) Penelope Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Wavelet transform analysis in thermally excited dinamic force spectroscopy
Creators: name: MALEGORI, GIOVANNA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2010

description: The use of wavelet transforms in thermally excited dynamic force spectroscopy allows to get insights into fundamental thermodynamical properties of the cantilever Brownian motion as well as giving a meaningful and intuitive representation of the cantilever dynamics in time and frequency caused by the interaction with long and short-range forces. It is remarkable the possibility to carry out measurements across the jump-to-contact transition without interruption, providing information on the short-range adhesion forces and elastic properties of the surface.
Additional file 5 of Negative pressure wound therapy in patients with wounds healing by secondary intention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Creators: name: Zens, Yvonne
name: Barth, Michael
name: Bucher, Heiner C.
name: Dreck, Katrin
name: Felsch, Moritz
name: Groß, Wolfram
name: Jaschinski, Thomas
name: Kölsch, Heike
name: Kromp, Mandy
name: Overesch, Inga
name: Sauerland, Stefan
name: Gregor, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. List of previous systematic reviews (DOCX 18 kb)
Capacitance modelling of a transistor for RF Power Amplifiers in 5G applications
Creators: name: Nagaditya Poluri
name: De Souza, Maria Merlyne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RF Power Amplifiers
5G
Compact Modeling
SPICE

description: High efficiency modes such as continuum modes rely on the harmonic manipulation of the waveforms in power amplifiers to improve efficiency, output power and robustness against impedance mismatch. Their design benefits from accurate modelling of capacitances in the knee region of the transistor, which may not be easy to extract from measurement due to noise and uncertainty. A table-based model typically has to rely on interpolation and extrapolation for such bias points to ensure a continuous and differentiable behaviour. In this work, we propose a polynomial-based model which satisfies charge conservation at the gate terminal. This model can be used directly for Volterra based analysis to quantify the distortion from capacitors and to find cancellation mechanisms for the feedback capacitance, which is a problem especially for CMOS based amplifiers in 5G applications.
Scalar induced gravitational waves from Chern-Simons gravity during inflation era
Creators: name: Feng, Jia-Xi
name: Zhang, Fengge
name: Gao, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) in the Chern-Simons (CS) gravity with a dynamical scalar field during slow roll inflation. Due to the parity violation in the CS term, the SIGWs are generally polarized, which are effectively characterized by the degree of circular polarization. We derive the semianalytic expression to evaluate the power spectra and the degree of circular polarization of the SIGWs, which receive contributions from the general relativity and the parity-violating term, respectively. We find that the correction from the parity-violating CS term is negligible on large scales, which means that the degree of circular polarization of SIGWs is very small.
description: 23 pages, references added, and a new discussion about a linear coupling function added. Version to be published in JCAP
DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION, AND APPLICATION OF ANALYTICAL ASSAYS FOR THE HUMAN BIOMONITORING OF VOLATILE AND PERSISTENT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Creators: name: FRIGERIO, GIANFRANCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: Il monitoraggio biologico � un utile approccio per valutare l'esposizione umana a sostanze inquinanti. Lo scopo di questo progetto � stato quello di sviluppare nuovi metodi analitici per il biomonitoraggio dell'esposizione umana a inquinanti organici volatili e persistenti, oltre alla loro applicazione a determinati gruppi di soggetti e ad un confronto tra diversi approcci (approcci mirati e non-mirati). Un metodo in spettrometria di massa tandem accoppiato con la cromatografia liquida in fase inversa (HPLC-MS/MS) � stato sviluppato per l'analisi di un totale di 17 acidi mercapturici urinari, metaboliti di diversi composti organici volatili. � stata eseguita una completa validazione includendo precisione, accuratezza, linearit�, sensibilit�, efficienza del processo di preparazione del campione e verifica esterna. Questo metodo � stato applicato a un gruppo di 49 lavoratori di una cokeria e 49 individui non-esposti che vivevano nella stessa area geografica. Il fumo di tabacco � stato un criterio di esclusione per entrambi i gruppi. I livelli urinari dei metaboliti di benzene, stirene, acrilonitrile e 1,3-butadiene erano da 2 a 10 volte pi� alti nei lavoratori rispetto ai controlli. Il metodo � stato applicato anche a un gruppo di soggetti con diverse abitudini al fumo, in particolare: 38 non-fumatori (NS), 7 utilizzatori di sigarette elettroniche (ECU) e 22 fumatori di sigarette tradizionali (TTS). La maggior parte degli acidi mercapturici misurati era da 2 a 165 volte pi� alta nei TTS rispetto ai NS. I metaboliti di acrilonitrile e acroleina erano, rispettivamente, 1.8 e 4.9 volte pi� alti nei ECU rispetto ai NS. Inoltre, confrontando i fumatori con i lavoratori della cokeria non fumatori, i primi sono stati esposti a una maggiore quantit� di composti organici volatili. Un approccio di metabolomica non-mirata � stato applicato alla stessa popolazione di soggetti con diverse abitudini al fumo. I campioni sono stati analizzati mediante cromatografia liquida accoppiata a spettrometria di massa a tempo di volo. Tra i composti putativamente annotati vi erano il glucuronide coniugato della 3-idrossicotinina e il coniugato solfato del metossifenolo. Considerando gli acidi mercapturici, la coerenza tra l'approccio mirato e quello non mirato � stata trovata per un numero limitato di sostanze chimiche, tipicamente le pi� abbondanti. Infine, � stato sviluppato un metodo HPLC-MS/MS per la determinazione di alcune sostanze interferenti con il sistema endocrino. Le molecole analizzate comprendevano bisfenolo A e metaboliti di ftalati, inclusi tereftalati in quanto prodotti sostitutivi emergenti. � stata effettuata una completa validazione e il metodo � stato applicato a 36 adulti non esposti professionalmente.
Fermionic dark matter and neutrino masses in a $\mathcal{B-L}$ model
Creators: name: Sánchez-Vega, B. L.
name: Schmitz, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a common framework for neutrino mass and dark matter. Specifically, we work with a local $\mathcal{B-L}$ extension of the standard model which has three right-handed neutrinos, $n_{R_{i}}$, and some extra scalars, $Φ$, $ϕ_{i}$ besides the standard model fields. The $n_{R_{i}}$'s have non-standard $\mathcal{B-L}$ quantum numbers and thus these couple to different scalars. This model has the attractive property that an almost automatic $Z_2$ symmetry acting only on a fermionic field, $n_{R3}$, is present. Taking advantage of this $Z_2$ symmetry, we study both the neutrino mass generation via a natural see-saw mechanism in low energy and the possibility of $n_{R3}$ to be a DM candidate. For this last purpose, we study its relic abundance and its compatibility with the current direct detection experiments.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Negative pressure wound therapy in patients with wounds healing by secondary intention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Creators: name: Zens, Yvonne
name: Barth, Michael
name: Bucher, Heiner C.
name: Dreck, Katrin
name: Felsch, Moritz
name: Groß, Wolfram
name: Jaschinski, Thomas
name: Kölsch, Heike
name: Kromp, Mandy
name: Overesch, Inga
name: Sauerland, Stefan
name: Gregor, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Detailed risk of bias for assessments of outcomes (DOCX 49 kb)
GRAPE PLANT INFORMATION. GRAPES HEALTH BENEFITS.
Creators: name: Nuraliyeva, Farangiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article discusses the main properties of grapes and its effects on the human body. A systematic modern review of specialized literature and current scientific data has been carried out. The specified chemical composition and nutritional value of berries, consideration of the use in various types of the drug and the effectiveness of its use in various diseases. A special analysis has been analyzed with reliable effects of grape exposure on the human body in certain conditions and diseases.
Association of Functional Polymorphism rs2231142 (Q141K) in the ABCG2 Gene With Serum Uric Acid and Gout in 4 US Populations
Creators: name: Best, Lyle G.
name: Gaffo, Angelo L.
name: Jenny, Nancy S.
name: Umans, Jason G.
name: Kottgen, Anna
name: Matise, Tara C.
name: Jorgensen, Neal W.
name: Zhang, Lili
name: North, Kari E.
name: Glenn, Kimberly R.
name: Cole, Shelley A.
name: Brown-Gentry, Kristin D.
name: Liu, Kiang
name: Deelman, Ewa
name: Fornage, Myriam
name: Voruganti, V. Saroja
name: Spencer, Kylee L.
name: Kao, W. H.Linda
name: Li, Qiong
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Crawford, Dana C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A loss-of-function mutation (Q141K, rs2231142) in the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 gene (ABCG2) has been shown to be associated with serum uric acid levels and gout in Asians, Europeans, and European and African Americans; however, less is known about these associations in other populations. Rs2231142 was genotyped in 22,734 European Americans, 9,720 African Americans, 3,849 Mexican Americans, and 3,550 American Indians in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study (2008–2012). Rs2231142 was significantly associated with serum uric acid levels (P = 2.37 × 10−67, P = 3.98 × 10−5, P = 6.97 × 10−9, and P = 5.33 × 10−4 in European Americans, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and American Indians, respectively) and gout (P = 2.83 × 10−10, P = 0.01, and P = 0.01 in European Americans, African Americans, and Mexican Americans, respectively). Overall, the T allele was associated with a 0.24-mg/dL increase in serum uric acid level (P = 1.37 × 10−80) and a 1.75-fold increase in the odds of gout (P = 1.09 × 10−12). The association between rs2231142 and serum uric acid was significantly stronger in men, postmenopausal women, and hormone therapy users compared with their counterparts. The association with gout was also significantly stronger in men than in women. These results highlight a possible role of sex hormones in the regulation of ABCG2 urate transporter and its potential implications for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
Additional file 3 of Negative pressure wound therapy in patients with wounds healing by secondary intention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Creators: name: Zens, Yvonne
name: Barth, Michael
name: Bucher, Heiner C.
name: Dreck, Katrin
name: Felsch, Moritz
name: Groß, Wolfram
name: Jaschinski, Thomas
name: Kölsch, Heike
name: Kromp, Mandy
name: Overesch, Inga
name: Sauerland, Stefan
name: Gregor, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Forest plots not presented in the manuscript (DOCX 62 kb)
Neutrino Physics
Creators: name: Gil-Botella, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental properties of neutrinos are reviewed in these lectures. The first part is focused on the basic characteristics of neutrinos in the Standard Model and how neutrinos are detected. Neutrino masses and oscillations are introduced and a summary of the most important experimental results on neutrino oscillations to date is provided. Then, present and future experimental proposals are discussed, including new precision reactor and accelerator experiments. Finally, different approaches for measuring the neutrino mass and the nature (Majorana or Dirac) of neutrinos are reviewed. The detection of neutrinos from supernovae explosions and the information that this measurement can provide are also summarized at the end.
description: 50 pages, contribution to the 2011 CERN-Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Natal, Brazil, 23 March-5 April 2011, edited by C. Grojean, M. Mulders and M. Spiropulu. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1010.5112, arXiv:1010.4131, arXiv:0704.1800 by other authors
Experimental demonstration of a magnetically induced warping transition in a topological insulator mediated by rare-earth surface dopants
Creators: name: Cano, Beatriz Muñiz
name: Ferreiros, Yago
name: Pantaleón, Pierre A.
name: Dai, Ji
name: Tallarida, Massimo
name: Figueroa, Adriana I.
name: Marinova, Vera
name: Díez, Kevin García
name: Mugarza, Aitor
name: Valenzuela, Sergio O.
name: Miranda, Rodolfo
name: Camarero, Julio
name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Silva-Guillén, Jose Angel
name: Valbuena, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic topological insulators (MTI) constitute a novel class of materials where the topologically protected band structure coexists with long-range ferromagnetic order, which can lead to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry (TRS), introducing a bandgap in the Dirac cone-shaped topological surface state (TSS). The gap opening in MITs has been predicted to be accompanied by a distortion in the TSS, evolving its warped shape from hexagonal to trigonal. In this work, we demonstrate such a transition by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy after the deposition of low concentrations of magnetic rare earths, namely Er and Dy, on the ternary three-dimensional prototypical topological insulator Bi$_2$Se$_2$Te. Signatures of the gap opening occurring as a consequence of the TRS breaking have also been observed, whose existence is supported by the observation of the aforementioned transition. Moreover, increasing the Er coverage results in a tunable p-type doping of the TSS. As a consequence, the Fermi level (E$_{\textrm{F}}$) of our Bi$_2$Se$_2$Te crystals can be gradually tuned towards the TSS Dirac point, and therefore to the magnetically induced bandgap; thus fulfilling two of the necessary prerequisites for the realization of the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) in this system. The experimental results are rationalized by a theoretical model where a magnetic Zeeman out-of-plane term is introduced in the hamiltonian governing the TSS band dispersion. Our results offer new strategies to control magnetic interactions with TSSs based on a simple approach and open up viable routes for the realization of the QAHE.
Association of the FTO Obesity Risk Variant rs8050136 With Percentage of Energy Intake From Fat in Multiple Racial/Ethnic Populations
Creators: name: Ritchie, Marylyn D.
name: Pendergrass, Sarah A.
name: Schumacher, Fredrick
name: Kolonel, Laurence N.
name: Oetjens, Matthew T.
name: Lim, Unhee
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Goodloe, Robert J.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Caberto, Christian P.
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Hindorff, Lucia A.
name: Park, Sungshim Lani
name: Ambite, Jose Luis
name: Crawford, Dana C.
name: Monroe, Kristine R.
name: Love, Shelly Ann
name: Wilkens, Lynne R.
name: Wilson, Sarah
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
name: Henderson, Brian E.
name: Le Marchand, Loïc
name: Cheng, Iona
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Common obesity risk variants have been associated with macronutrient intake; however, these associations' generalizability across populations has not been demonstrated. We investigated the associations between 6 obesity risk variants in (or near) the NEGR1, TMEM18, BDNF, FTO, MC4R, and KCTD15 genes and macronutrient intake (carbohydrate, protein, ethanol, and fat) in 3 Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) studies: the Multiethnic Cohort Study (1993–2006) (n = 19,529), the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (1987–1989) (n = 11,114), and the Epidemiologic Architecture for Genes Linked to Environment (EAGLE) Study, which accesses data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1991–1994) (n = 6,347). We used linear regression, with adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity, to estimate the associations between obesity risk genotypes and macronutrient intake. A fixed-effects meta-analysis model showed that the FTO rs8050136 A allele (n = 36,973) was positively associated with percentage of calories derived from fat (βmeta = 0.2244 (standard error, 0.0548); P = 4 × 10−5) and inversely associated with percentage of calories derived from carbohydrate (βmeta = −0.2796 (standard error, 0.0709); P = 8 × 10−5). In the Multiethnic Cohort Study, percentage of calories from fat assessed at baseline was a partial mediator of the rs8050136 effect on body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) obtained at 10 years of follow-up (mediation of effect = 0.0823 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval: 0.0559, 0.1128). Our data provide additional evidence that the association of FTO with obesity is partially mediated by dietary intake.
Associations Between Metabolomic Compounds and Incident Heart Failure Among African Americans: The ARIC Study
Creators: name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Nettleton, Jennifer A.
name: Yu, Bing
name: Alexander, Danny
name: Manolio, Teri A.
name: Zheng, Yan
name: Aguilar, David
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Coresh, Josef
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Heart failure is more prevalent among African Americans than in the general population. Metabolomic studies among African Americans may efficiently identify novel biomarkers of heart failure. We used untargeted methods to measure 204 stable serum metabolites and evaluated their associations with incident heart failure hospitalization (n = 276) after a median follow-up of 20 years (1987–2008) by using Cox regression in data from 1,744 African Americans aged 45–64 years without heart failure at baseline from the Jackson, Mississippi, field center of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. After adjustment for established risk factors, we found that 16 metabolites (6 named with known structural identities and 10 unnamed with unknown structural identities, the latter denoted by using the format X-12345) were associated with incident heart failure (P < 0.0004 based on a modified Bonferroni procedure). Of the 6 named metabolites, 4 are involved in amino acid metabolism, 1 (prolylhydroxyproline) is a dipeptide, and 1 (erythritol) is a sugar alcohol. After additional adjustment for kidney function, 2 metabolites remained associated with incident heart failure (for metabolite X-11308, hazard ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.86; for metabolite X-11787, hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.10, 1.37). Further structural analysis revealed X-11308 to be a dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid and X-11787 to be an isoform of either hydroxyleucine or hydroxyisoleucine. Our metabolomic analysis revealed novel biomarkers associated with incident heart failure independent of traditional risk factors.
BLACK SANDS: SECURITY AND HUMANITARIAN AID IN CONTEMPORARY LIBYA
Creators: name: D'ERRICO, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: .How do Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) interact with global and local (non)state actors in fragile contexts? Which types of governance outcomes does this interaction produce? These aspects remain substantially under researched. None of the strands identified in the literature is substantially able to answer such questions. Moreover, how NGOs make sense of the changes, conflicts, cooperative relationships taking place within governance structures, what roles do NGOs play in the processes through which structures regulate the provision of services, is more assumed than researched. To fill this gap, this dissertation intends to contribute to the research on decision-making within NGOs. I provide a theoretical model taken from the economics of organizations that helps understanding the decision-making process, and highlights the presence of a set of factors that are common, relevant and interconnected for NGOs, creating a typology of organizations that allows me to formulate clear propositions regarding the potential programming trajectories, depending on the combination of two major intra-organizational conditions. Lastly, both the theoretical framework and the typology allow me to explore which types of (intended) consequences different routines have for governance structures. I will start creating an overarching political economic framework that highlights the existence of multiple institutional sets and their co-existence/competition in civil wars. These institutional settings are plugged into strategic complexes ? networks that connect multiple actors that provide the institutional constraints and opportunities of action for humanitarian aid. Lastly, these networks constitute the arena ? the social space ? in which humanitarian aid is negotiated, and in which its language can be used for legitimation purposes, while simultaneously advancing individual interests and objectives Against such structural constraints, NGO programming has to take into account both internal normative commitments and financial security concerns. Principles so determine the identity of NGOs, their long term objectives, goals and commitments. But the external environment determine their financial constraints. The unfolding of this decision-making, and the role of different normative and/or material factors at each stage can be captured through the framework of organizational learning. Basing on interviews conducted in Tunis between November 2016 and March 2017 and on the analysis of secondary sources, this dissertation configures as a Small N Case Study in which I reconstruct the decision-making of three International Humanitarian NGOs ? the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), International Medical Corps and Mediciens Sans Frontiers Holland (MSFH). Through this process, I outline how such actors have organized their programming in the period between 2011 and 2016 in the post-Revolutionary Libya.
MODELOS "RANDOM FOREST" PARA EL ANÁLISIS DEL LA DIVERSIDAD FÚNGICA EN ECOSISTEMAS FORESTALES MEDITERRÁNEOS
Creators: name: Adamo, Irene
name: Morera, Albert
name: De-Miguel, Sergio
name: CASTAÑO, Carles
name: Bonet, Jose Antonio
name: ARAGÓN, Juan MARTINEZ DE
name: Alday, Josu G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: random forest, DNA metabarcoding, fungal diversity

description: Using Random forest models to analyse fungal diversity in Mediterranean forest ecosystems
PDPU: An Open-Source Posit Dot-Product Unit for Deep Learning Applications
Creators: name: Li, Qiong
name: Fang, Chao
name: Wang, Zhongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Posit has been a promising alternative to the IEEE-754 floating point format for deep learning applications due to its better trade-off between dynamic range and accuracy. However, hardware implementation of posit arithmetic requires further exploration, especially for the dot-product operations dominated in deep neural networks (DNNs). It has been implemented by either the combination of multipliers and an adder tree or cascaded fused multiply-add units, leading to poor computational efficiency and excessive hardware overhead. To address this issue, we propose an open-source posit dot-product unit, namely PDPU, that facilitates resource-efficient and high-throughput dot-product hardware implementation. PDPU not only features the fused and mixed-precision architecture that eliminates redundant latency and hardware resources, but also has a fine-grained 6-stage pipeline, improving computational efficiency. A configurable PDPU generator is further developed to meet the diverse needs of various DNNs for computational accuracy. Experimental results evaluated under the 28nm CMOS process show that PDPU reduces area, latency, and power by up to 43%, 64%, and 70%, respectively, compared to the existing implementations. Hence, PDPU has great potential as the computing core of posit-based accelerators for deep learning applications.
description: Accepted by 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems
A Worldsheet Approach to $\mathbf{\mathcal{N}=1}$ Heterotic Flux Backgrounds
Creators: name: Israel, Dan
name: Proto, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heterotic backgrounds with torsion preserving minimal supersymmetry in four dimensions can be obtained as orbifolds of principal $T^{2}$ bundles over $K3$. We consider a worldsheet description of these backgrounds as gauged linear sigma-models (GLSMs) with $(0,2)$ supersymmetry. Such a formulation provides a useful framework in order to address the resolution of singularities of the orbifold geometries. We investigate the constraints imposed by discrete symmetries on the corresponding torsional GLSMs. In particular, the principal $T^{2}$ connection over $K3$ is inherited from $(0,2)$ vector multiplets. As these vectors gauge global scaling symmetries of products of projective spaces, the corresponding $K3$ geometry is naturally realized as an algebraic hypersurface in such a product (or as a branched cover of it). We outline the general construction for describing such orbifolds. We give explicit constructions for automorphisms of order two and three.
description: 40 pages
Cigarette, Cigar, and Pipe Smoking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancers: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium
Creators: name: Winn, Deborah M.
name: Brennan, Paul
name: Hayes, Richard B.
name: Yu, Guo Pei
name: Dal Maso, Luigino
name: Smith, Elaine
name: Daudt, Alexander W.
name: Franceschi, Silvia
name: Castellsague, Xavier
name: Muscat, Joshua
name: Boccia, Stefania
name: Koifman, Sergio
name: Lazarus, Philip
name: Lee, Yuan Chin Amy
name: Eluf-Neto, Jose
name: Herrero, Rolando
name: Matos, Elena
name: Wei, Qingyi
name: Hashibe, Mia
name: Curado, Maria Paula
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Schantz, Stimson
name: Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila
name: Sturgis, Erich M.
name: Fernandez, Leticia
name: Talamini, Renato
name: Chen, Chu
name: Fabianova, Eleonora
name: Wyss, Annah
name: Wünsch-Filho, Victor
name: Mates, Ioan Nicolae
name: Menezes, Ana
name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: Schwartz, Stephen M.
name: Cadoni, Gabriella
name: Lissowska, Jolanta
name: Morgenstern, Hal
name: La Vecchia, Carlo
name: Zhang, Zuo Feng
name: Levi, Fabio
name: Purdue, Mark P.
name: De Carvalho, Marcos Brasilino
name: Shangina, Oxana
name: Michaluart Jr., Pedro
name: Rudnai, Peter
name: Chuang, Shu Chun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cigar and pipe smoking are considered risk factors for head and neck cancers, but the magnitude of effect estimates for these products has been imprecisely estimated. By using pooled data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium (comprising 13,935 cases and 18,691 controls in 19 studies from 1981 to 2007), we applied hierarchical logistic regression to more precisely estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking separately, compared with reference groups of those who had never smoked each single product. Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were stratified by ever cigarette smoking. We also considered effect estimates of smoking a single product exclusively versus never having smoked any product (reference group). Among never cigarette smokers, the odds ratio for ever cigar smoking was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 3.34), and the odds ratio for ever pipe smoking was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.81). These odds ratios increased with increasing frequency and duration of smoking (Ptrend ≤ 0.0001). Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were not elevated among ever cigarette smokers. Head and neck cancer risk was elevated for those who reported exclusive cigar smoking (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.58, 4.73) or exclusive pipe smoking (odds ratio = 3.71, 95% CI: 2.59, 5.33). These results suggest that cigar and pipe smoking are independently associated with increased risk of head and neck cancers.
Additional file 4 of A sex/gender perspective on interventions to promote children’s and adolescents’ overall physical activity: results from genEffects systematic review
Creators: name: Schulze, Carolin
name: Demetriou, Yolanda
name: Emmerling, Sandra
name: Schlund, Annegret
name: Phillips, Susan P.
name: Puil, Lorri
name: Coen, Stephanie E.
name: Reimers, Anne K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Risk of bias summary table; Description of data: risk of bias summary table.
Testing Neutrino Dipole Portal by Long-lived Particle Detectors at the LHC
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Zhang, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the potential of using detectors aimed for searching long-lived particles~(LLP) at the high-luminosity LHC run, to probe the neutrino dipole models. This is achieved by taking the heavy neutral leptons~(HNL) of the models as candidates of the LLPs. Taking into account the dipole couplings to the weak bosons, $d_{W,Z}$, which control the production of the HNLs at the LHC, we discuss the reach on the electromagnetic dipole couplings, $d_γ$, by searching for a single high-energy photon at LLP detectors. Four typical scenarios are considered in this paper, scenario A, B with $d_{W}=0$ or $d_{Z}=0$, and scenario C, D with $d_{W,Z}\gg d_γ$. We show the sensitivity on $d_γ$, can be fairly different depending on the relations between the $d_{W,Z}$ and $d_γ$. And the LLP detectors can potentially extend the sensitivity on dipole couplings during the High-luminosity runs of the LHC in certain scenarios.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, to be published in EPJC
Flux and energy asymmetry in a low pressure capacitively coupled plasma discharge excited by sawtooth-like waveform -- a harmonic study
Creators: name: Sharma, Sarveshwar
name: Sirse, Nishant
name: Turner, Miles M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control over plasma asymmetry in a low-pressure capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) discharges is vital for many plasma processing applications. In this article, using the particle-in-cell simulation technique, we investigated the asymmetry generation by a temporally asymmetric waveform (sawtooth-like) in collisionless CCP discharge. A study by varying the number of harmonics (N) contained in the sawtooth waveform is performed. The simulation resultspredict a non-linear increase in the plasma density and ion flux with N i.e., it first decreases, reaching a minimum value for a critical value of N, and then increases almost linearly with afurther rise in N. The ionization asymmetry increases with N, and higher harmonics on the instantaneous sheath position are observed for higher values of N. These higher harmonics generate multiple ionization beams that are generated near the expanding sheath edge and are responsible for an enhanced plasma density for higher values of N. The ion energy distribution function (IEDF) depicts a bi-modal shape for different values of N. A strong DC self-bias is observed on the powered electrode, and its value with respect to the plasma potential decreases with an increase in N due to which corresponding ion energy on the powered electrode decreases. The simulation results conclude that by changing the number of harmonics of a sawtooth-like in collisionless CCP discharges, the ion flux asymmetry is not generated, whereas sheath symmetry could be significantly affected and therefore a systematic variation in the ion energy asymmetry is observed. Due to an increase in the higher harmonic contents in the sawtooth waveform with N, a transition from broad bi-modal to narrow-shaped IEDFs is found.
Sharp comparison theorems for the Klein--Gordon equation in $d$ dimensions
Creators: name: Hall, Richard L.
name: Zorin, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish sharp (or `refined') comparison theorems for the Klein--Gordon equation. We show that the condition $V_a\le V_b$, which leads to $E_a\le E_b$, can be replaced by the weaker assumption $U_a\le U_b$ which still implies the spectral ordering $E_a\le E_b$. In the simplest case, for $d=1$, $U_i(x)=\int_0^x V_i(t)dt$, $i=a$ or $b$, and for $d>1$, $U_i(r)=\int_0^r V_i(t) t^{d-1}dt$, $i=a$ or $b$. We also consider sharp comparison theorems in the presence of a scalar potential $S$ (a `variable mass') in addition to the vector term $V$ (the time component of a $4$-vector). The theorems are illustrated by a variety of explicit detailed examples.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. The paper has been extensively re-written to improve the clarity and completeness of the presentation
(100812) John Reginald Ware
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Is Obesity Associated With a Decline in Intelligence Quotient During the First Half of the Life Course?
Creators: name: Goldman-Mellor, Sidra
name: Moffitt, Terrie E.
name: Poulton, Richie
name: Ramrakha, Sandhya
name: Belsky, Daniel W.
name: Meier, Madeline H.
name: Caspi, Avshalom
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cross-sectional studies have found that obesity is associated with low intellectual ability and neuroimaging abnormalities in adolescence and adulthood. Some have interpreted these associations to suggest that obesity causes intellectual decline in the first half of the life course. We analyzed data from a prospective longitudinal study to test whether becoming obese was associated with intellectual decline from childhood to midlife. We used data from the ongoing Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, a population-representative birth cohort study of 1,037 children in New Zealand who were followed prospectively from birth (1972–1973) through their fourth decade of life with a 95% retention rate. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was measured in childhood and adulthood. Anthropometric measurements were taken at birth and at 12 subsequent in-person assessments. As expected, cohort members who became obese had lower adulthood IQ scores. However, obese cohort members exhibited no excess decline in IQ. Instead, these cohort members had lower IQ scores since childhood. This pattern remained consistent when we accounted for children's birth weights and growth during the first years of life, as well as for childhood-onset obesity. Lower IQ scores among children who later developed obesity were present as early as 3 years of age. We observed no evidence that obesity contributed to a decline in IQ, even among obese individuals who displayed evidence of the metabolic syndrome and/or elevated systemic inflammation.
Additional file 2 of A sex/gender perspective on interventions to promote children’s and adolescents’ overall physical activity: results from genEffects systematic review
Creators: name: Schulze, Carolin
name: Demetriou, Yolanda
name: Emmerling, Sandra
name: Schlund, Annegret
name: Phillips, Susan P.
name: Puil, Lorri
name: Coen, Stephanie E.
name: Reimers, Anne K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. MEDLINE search strategy; Description of data: search strategy based on Cochrane standards for Ovid MEDLINE.
Melt mixed nano composites of PA12 with MWNTs: Influence of MWNT and matrix properties on macrodispersion and electrical properties
Creators: name: Socher, Robert
name: Krause, Beate
name: Boldt, Regine
name: Hermasch, Sylvia
name: Wursche, Roland
name: Pötschke, Petra
Publisher: name: Barking : Elsevier
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: A. Carbon nanotubes
subject: A. Nano composites
subject: A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)
subject: B. Electrical properties
subject: D. Optical microscopy
subject: Dispersion
subject: 660
subject: 670

description: Nanocomposites containing four different polyamide 12 (PA12) types and three grades of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared via small-scale melt processing to study the effect of different MWNTs and the influence of polymer properties on the dispersion of the fillers and the electrical properties of the composites. Under the selected mixing conditions the lowest electrical percolation threshold of 0.7. wt.% was found for Nanocyl™ NC7000 in low viscous PA12. Moreover, big influences of the end group functionality (acid or amine excess) and the melt viscosity of the matrix were found. Composites of PA12 with acid excess showed lower percolation thresholds than those based on amine terminated materials. At constant end group ratio low viscous matrices resulted in lower percolation thresholds than high viscous materials. The best MWNT dispersion was obtained in both high viscous PA12 composites. In these systems the mixing speed was varied indicating an optimum concerning electrical conductivity at 150 rpm as compared to 50 and 250 rpm. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Additional file 1 of A sex/gender perspective on interventions to promote children’s and adolescents’ overall physical activity: results from genEffects systematic review
Creators: name: Schulze, Carolin
name: Demetriou, Yolanda
name: Emmerling, Sandra
name: Schlund, Annegret
name: Phillips, Susan P.
name: Puil, Lorri
name: Coen, Stephanie E.
name: Reimers, Anne K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA Checklist; Description of data: Reporting checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA).
Latent Transition Models to Study Women's Changing of Dietary Patterns From Pregnancy to 1 Year Postpartum
Creators: name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Latent class models are useful for classifying subjects by dietary patterns. Our goals were to use latent transition models to identify dietary patterns during pregnancy and postpartum, to estimate the prevalence of these dietary patterns, and to model transition probabilities between dietary patterns as a function of covariates. Women who were enrolled in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study (University of North Carolina, 2000–2005) were followed for 1 year postpartum, and their diets were assessed in the second trimester and at 3 and 12 months postpartum (n = 519, 484, and 374, respectively) by using a food frequency questionnaire. After adjusting for energy intake, parity, smoking status, race, and education, we identified 3 dietary patterns and named them “prudent,” “health conscious Western,” and “Western.” Nulliparas were 2.9 and 2.1 times more likely to be in the “prudent” class than the “health conscious Western” or the “Western” class, respectively. The 3 dietary patterns were very stable, with the “health conscious Western” class being the least stable; the probability for staying in the same class was 0.74 and 0.87 at 3 and 12 months postpartum, respectively. Breastfeeding mothers were more likely than nonbreastfeeding mothers to switch dietary pattern class (P = 0.0286). Except for breastfeeding mothers, most women did not switch dietary patterns from pregnancy to postpartum.