cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the heat transfer and flow in minichannel and microchannel heat sinks by single and two-phase mixture models
Creators: name: Ali, Abdullah M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The continuous power increase and miniaturization of modern electronics requires increasingly effective thermal management systems. The thermo-hydraulic performance is investigated by a conjugate heat transfer and computational fluid dynamics model to investigate the optimum geometry and coolant composition in various microchannel heat sinks to enhance cooling. Firstly, a single-phase laminar nanofluid flow in microchannel heat sinks with a straight or twisted tape has been investigated. Swirl flow with the highest nanoparticle volume fraction was found to provide the lowest thermal resistance and contact temperature. Secondly, hydro-thermal performance-enhancing tape inserts were numerically tested featuring (i) radial gaps between the tape and the tube, (ii) tape twist with axial pitch distances of 0, L/2, or L/4, (iii) zero, one, or two 90-degree angular steps between consecutive tape segments, (iv) alternating clockwise and anti-clockwise consecutive twisted tape segments, and combinations of these features. The radial gaps produced both a hydraulic and thermal performance loss. All tape twist, angular steps, four L/4 alternating pitch consecutive helical tape and twist direction reversal combinations produced better thermal performance gains to hydraulic loss trade-offs than the baseline microchannel configuration with no tape. Thirdly, rectangular, twisted and zig-zag fins were inserted into a plain rectangular duct to enhance the cooling. The combinations of zig-zag fins and 3% Al2O3 nanofluid provided the best thermal performance. Finally, further research addressed and solved the inconsistent implementation of the two-phase mixture model for nanofluids in a minichannel heat sink to improve the heat prediction performance with respect to a single-phase approach, using appropriate physical modelling assumptions. By varying the volume fraction 𝛼𝑛𝑓 of the second phase between 2% and 50%, the two-phase mixture model predicted heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, and second law efficiency values converging to the single-phase model ones at increasing 𝛼𝑛𝑓.
On the global $2$-holonomy for a $2$-connection on a $2$-bundle
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crossed module constitutes a strict $2$-groupoid $\mathcal{G}$ and a $\mathcal{G}$-valued cocycle on a manifold defines a $2$-bundle. A $2$-connection on this $2$-bundle is given by a Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ valued $1$-form $A $ and a Lie algebra $\mathfrak h$ valued $2$-form $B $ over each coordinate chart together with $2$-gauge transformations between them, which satisfy the compatibility condition. Locally, the path-ordered integral of $A $ gives us the local $1$-holonomy, and the surface-ordered integral of $(A ,B )$ gives us the local $2$-holonomy. The transformation of local $2$-holonomies from one coordinate chart to another is provided by the transition $2$-arrow, which is constructed from a $2$-gauge transformation. We can use the transition $2$-arrows and the $2$-arrows provided by the $\mathcal{G}$-valued cocycle to glue such local $2$-holonomies together to get a global one, which is well defined. Namely we give an explicit algorithm for calculating the global $2$-holonomy.
Dissipation-induced enhancement and squeezing of quantum fluctuations
Creators: name: Rastelli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum harmonic oscillator linearly coupled through the position operator $\hat{q}$ to a first bath and through the momentum operator $\hat{p}$ to a second bath yielding an Ohmic-Drude dissipation. We analyse the oscillator's fluctuations as a function of the ratio between the strength of the two couplings, focusing in particular on the situation in which the two dissipative interactions are comparable. Analytic formulas are derived in the relevant regimes corresponding to the low temperature limit and when the Drude high frequency cutoff is much larger than all other frequencies. At low temperature, each bath operates to suppress the oscillator's ground state quantum fluctuations ${\langle Δ\hat{q}^2 \rangle}_0$ or ${\langle Δ\hat{p}^2 \rangle}_0$ appearing in the corresponding interaction. When one of the two dissipative interactions dominates over the other, the fluctuations for the coupling operator are squeezed. When the two interactions are comparable, the two baths enter in competition as the two conjugate operators do not commute yielding quantum frustration. In this regime, remarkably, the fluctuations of both two quadratures can be enhanced by increasing the dissipative coupling.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Maximal surfaces in Anti-de Sitter space, width of convex hulls and quasiconformal extensions of quasisymmetric homeomorphisms
Creators: name: Seppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give upper bounds on the principal curvatures of a maximal surface of nonpositive curvature in three-dimensional Anti-de Sitter space, which only depend on the width of the convex hull of the surface. Moreover, given a quasisymmetric homeomorphism $ϕ$, we study the relation between the width of the convex hull of the graph of $ϕ$, as a curve in the boundary of infinity of Anti-de Sitter space, and the cross-ratio norm of $ϕ$. As an application, we prove that if $ϕ$ is a quasisymmetric homeomorphism of $\mathbb{R}\mathrm{P}^1$ with cross-ratio norm $||ϕ||$, then $\ln K\leq C||ϕ||$, where $K$ is the maximal dilatation of the minimal Lagrangian extension of $ϕ$ to the hyperbolic plane.
description: 48 pages, 32 figures. Several typos corrected and improvements made. Part of the contents overlaps with Section 5 of arXiv:1411.3412v2. To appear in Journal of the European Mathematical Society
Phänotypische Untersuchungen zur prognostischen Bedeutung Proliferations- und Apoptose-assoziierter Faktoren sowie der Expression von Adhäsionsmolekülen in Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Mundhöhle und des Oropharynx
Creators: name: Stoll, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Apoptose
subject: Adhäsionsmoleküle
subject: Prognose
subject: Plattenepithelkarzinom
subject: apoptosis
subject: adhesion molecules
subject: prognosis
subject: squamous cell carcinoma
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: XH 6700

description: Tumorwachstum ist durch eine Störung des Gleichgewichts zwischen Zellproliferation und Apoptose charakterisiert. Sinn des ersten Teils dieser Untersuchungen war es, die Bedeutung von Proliferations- und Apoptose-assoziierten Faktoren in primären Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Mundhöhle und des Oropharynx bei 107 Patienten zu beurteilen. In neun Fällen wurden auch entsprechende Lymphknotenmetastasen untersucht. Für die Ermittlung der Apoptoseraten wurde eine durch terminale Transferase katalysierte enzymatische Markierung von DNA-Fragmenten verwendet. Die Parameter p53, p90MDM2, p21CIP, p16INK4a, Cyclin D1, pRB, BCL-2, BAX und das Proliferations-assoziierte Antigen Ki-67 wurden immunhistologisch bestimmt. Der Tumorsuppressor p53 war in den basalen Schichten des in den Tumorpräparaten miterfaßten Epithels abhängig vom Dysplasiegrad vermehrt nachweisbar (p
description: Tumour growth is characterized by an imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of the first part of this study was to estimate the importance of proliferation- and apoptosis-associated factors in primary squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and the oropharynx obtained from 107 patients. In nine cases also corresponding lymph node metastases were examined. DNA-fragments were marked enzymaticly catalysed by a terminal transferase reaction for the recognition of apoptosis. The parameters p53, p90MDM2, p21CIP, p16INK4a, cyclin D1, pRB, BCL-2, BAX, and the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 were determined immunohistochemically. The tumour suppressor p53 was mainly detectable in the basal cell layers of the epithelium included in the tumour specimens additionally depending on the grade of dysplasia (p
Local Well-Posedness for Relaxational Fluid Vesicle Dynamics
Creators: name: Köhne, Matthias
name: Lengeler, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q92, 35A01, 35A02, 35Q74, 35K25, 76D27

description: We prove the local well-posedness of a basic model for relaxational fluid vesicle dynamics by a contraction mapping argument. Our approach is based on the maximal $L_p$-regularity of the model's linearization.
description: 29 pages
VISIONARY POLICY: BILL CLINTON, THE BOSNIAN WAR, AND AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA, 1992-1995
Creators: name: Covington, James
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: History
Military history

description: Bill Clinton assumed office during a particularly challenging period of American history. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States enjoyed a period of unprecedented power and authority. Clinton was elected to office largely for his domestic policies, however, his vision for America’s position in the post-Cold War world steered his foreign policy, particularly with respect to Europe. Clinton’s vision was more inclusive and encompassing than that of his predecessor, George H. W. Bush. During the post-Cold War years, Bush was more inclined to let Europe sort out their own problems, particularly in the case of Bosnia. Clinton, however, was more willing to see post-Cold War European problems as American issues. The Bosnian War represents a point where these two ideals collided. Guided by this vision, Clinton overcame challenges from the European Community, political adversaries, and even his own public en route to intervening in Bosnia.
The conjugacy action of $S_n$ and modules induced from centralisers
Creators: name: Sundaram, Sheila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C05, 20C15, 20C30, 05E18, 06A07

description: We establish, for the character table of the symmetric group, the positivity of the row sums indexed by irreducible characters, when restricted to various subsets of the conjugacy classes. A notable example is that of partitions with all parts odd. More generally, we study representations related to the conjugacy action of the symmetric group. These arise as sums of submodules induced from centraliser subgroups, and their Frobenius characteristics have elegant descriptions, often as a multiplicity-free sum of power-sum symmetric functions. We describe a general framework in which such representations, and consequently such linear combinations of power-sums, can be analysed. The conjugacy action for the symmetric group, and more generally for a large class of groups, is known to contain every irreducible. We find other representations of dimension $n!$ with this property, including a twisted analogue of the conjugacy action.
description: 43 pages, 4 tables. Abstract reworded, typos corrected, references updated; minor revisions per referee's report
Microstructure characterization of rapidly solidified Al-Mg-Sc with Li droplets
Creators: Gancarz, T.
Bogno, A.-A.
Berent, K.
Cempura, G.
Schell, N.
Chulist, R.
Henein, H.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

In the case of increasing possibility of application Al alloys the Al5.0Mg0.2Sc alloy with 3.0 and 6.0 Li (wt %) after atomisation process was proposed in this study. To characterise liquid alloys the discharge crucible method was used, which allow to determine density, surface tension and viscosity with temperature dependency. The experimental results show that the density and surface tension are decreasing with Li content, opposite to viscosity which increasing, what probably is caused by short-range ordering from occurring intermetallic phases. The obtained powder after atomisation process was subjected using calorimeter for design characteristic temperatures, and the microstructure observation and chemical analysis was conducted using scanning and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. To identify the occurring phases in the study alloys was performed the diffraction pattern in transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction using synchrotron measurements. The conducted measurements and microstructure observation show occurring Al3Sc and Al2MgLi phases in both alloys and AlLi in Al5.0Mg0.2Sc6.0Li alloy, which is in the line with a phase diagram.
Frequency Distribution of Acoustic Oscillation in the Solar Atmosphere During Flare Event
Creators: name: Wisniewska, A.
name: Chmielewska, E.
name: Radziszewski, K.
name: Roth, M.
name: Staiger, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of multi-wavelength observations, of a C 2.3 solar flare in Active Region NOAA 12353, observed on 2015 May 23, which reveal new properties of acoustic waves in the flaring region. The space-, and ground-based data measured by the HELioseismological Large Regions Interferometric Device, operating at the Vacuum Tower Telescope, the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory, were used in this paper. First, using power spectra of solar oscillations, we identified the dominant frequencies and their location at seven different atmospheric levels before and after the flare event. Second, based on AIA observations taken in six Extreme Ultraviolet filters, we derived Differential Emission Measure (DEM) profiles and DEM maps of the flare. Finally, we confirm the σ-classification of the magnetic field in the active area, directly related to the flare. Our results are as follows: the high-frequency waves (ν>5 mHz) in the photosphere, in both cases, before and after the flare, are generated at the foot-points of the chromospheric loop, while in the chromosphere (Hα line), before the event the power enhancement exhibits for maximum of flare emission, and after the eruption the enhancement by all frequencies is observed only in the post flare loop area. Moreover, the power of oscillation in the pores surrounding area before the flare has a random character, while after the flare oscillation's power is concentrated in the pore, and weakened outside of. We conclude that the accurate detection of high-frequency acoustic waves in the active regions can lead to faster and easier prediction of high-energy events.
description: Most important figures in Appendix Fig.12 and Fig.13
Quantum states of dark solitons in the 1D Bose gas
Creators: name: Sato, Jun
name: Kanamoto, Rina
name: Kaminishi, Eriko
name: Deguchi, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a series of quantum states that are characterized by dark solitons of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (i.e. the Gross-Pitaevskii equation) for the one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas interacting through the repulsive delta-function potentials. The classical solutions satisfy the periodic boundary conditions and we call them periodic dark solitons. Through exact solutions we show corresponding aspects between the states and the solitons in the weak coupling case: the quantum and classical density profiles completely overlap with each other not only at an initial time but also at later times over a long period of time, and they move together with the same speed in time; the matrix element of the bosonic field operator between the quantum states has exactly the same profiles of the square amplitude and the phase as the classical complex scalar field of a periodic dark soliton not only at the initial time but also at later times, and the corresponding profiles move together for a long period of time. We suggest that the corresponding properties hold rigorously in the weak coupling limit. Furthermore, we argue that the lifetime of the dark soliton-like density profile in the quantum state becomes infinitely long as the coupling constant approaches zero, by comparing it with the quantum speed limit time. Thus, we call the quantum states quantum dark soliton states.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures
A Tomb with a View: Constructing Place and Identity in the Funerary Monuments of Hellenistic Anatolia
Creators: name: Rice, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This dissertation examines the roles of place, identity, and self-definition in the royal tombs of the independent Anatolian kingdoms of Galatia and Pontos during the 4th-1st centuries BCE. After the unprecedented military conquests of Alexander the Great, Anatolia played host to a myriad of cultural traditions disseminated by Alexander’s army. In a struggle to maintain sovereignty, these smaller Anatolian kingdoms appropriated hybrid forms of material culture – projecting Persian, Greek, local Anatolian, and Roman cultural identities – to articulate their relationships to the rapidly changing power structures within the larger Greek and Persian empires. Building on recent scholarship that stresses the significance of topography and material culture in shaping identity, I argue that the funerary architecture of ancient Anatolian elites reflected, shaped, and participated in the shifting political landscape of the Mediterranean during the Hellenistic period. Because the royal tombs of Galatia and Pontos are not well-documented, a significant portion of this dissertation makes innovative use of digital interpretive tools, generating a series of GIS-based maps, viewshed analyses, and SketchUp reconstructions in order to provide an accessible means of understanding the physical context and visual features of these tombs. Using GPS- and GIS-based analytical tools allows for an investigation that makes use of "place-based" theoretical approaches in archaeology, which prioritize the ways in which power, identity, and meaning are constructed within a topographical framework. Through this "place-based" approach, I explore how the topographical contexts of the royal necropoleis in Galatia and Pontos were manipulated for socio-political purposes: each necropolis' situation within a meaningful place amplified the ideological charge of the monuments by structuring socio-political appeals to different viewers. Finally, this project explores the cultural identities expressed in each monument, complicating narratives of "Hellenization" that have been construed for the political patrons of these tombs. I argue that the complex array of cultural signifiers presented in the royal Galatian and Pontic necropoleis appealed to a wide range of viewers, simultaneously communicating broad political claims and subtly distinguishing the kings' position according to a privileged, elite dialogue.
Geometric conditions for $\square$-irreducibility of certain representations of the general linear group over a non-archimedean local field
Creators: name: Lapid, Erez
name: Minguez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $π$ be an irreducible, complex, smooth representation of $GL_n$ over a local non-archimedean (skew) field. Assuming $π$ has regular Zelevinsky parameters, we give a geometric necessary and sufficient criterion for the irreducibility of the parabolic induction of $π\otimesπ$ to $GL_{2n}$. The latter irreducibility property is the $p$-adic analogue of a special case of the notion of "real representations" introduced by Leclerc and studied recently by Kang-Kashiwara-Kim-Oh (in the context of KLR or quantum affine algebras). Our criterion is in terms of singularities of Schubert varieties of type $A$ and admits a simple combinatorial description. It is also equivalent to a condition studied by Geiss-Leclerc-Schröer.
description: Added references to arXiv:1710.06115 and arXiv:1705.06517
SARS coronavirus pathogenesis and therapeutic treatment design
Creators: name: Sheahan, Timothy Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Through the study of the viral pathogenesis, the mechanisms of disease can be elucidated providing specific targets for therapeutic intervention intended to prevent the development of disease. We conducted four studies to gain a better understanding of SARS-CoV disease pathogenesis and therapeutic design. We conducted two studies to investigate SARS-CoV evolution and adaptation to the human host. We have also investigated the importance of the innate immunity in protection from SARS-CoV disease. Lastly, we evaluated the protective efficacy of vaccination in senescent populations. The prototypic civet SZ16 spike (S) gene was engineered into our epidemic strain infectious clone (icSARS) to create the recombinant icSZ16-S virus. A mutant of icSZ16-S (icSZ16-S K479N) was passaged on human airway epithelial cells (HAE) and resultant "evolved" viruses contained mutations in S that enhanced interactions with the receptor (hACE2) though adaptive mutations differed from those seen during the epidemic. icSARS grew equally well in cells expressing the civet or human receptor while icSZ16-S only grew within civet expressing cells. Dual species tropism is retained by the epidemic strain suggesting it evolved through repeated passage between human and civet hosts. Mice deficient in MyD88 (MyD88-/-), an adapter protein that mediates Toll-like receptor (TLR), IL-1R, and IL-18R signaling, are far more susceptible to mouse adapted SARS-CoV (rMA15) infection. Despite increased viral loads, the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines within lung tissue was significantly reduced in MyD88-/- mice compared to wild-type mice suggesting that MyD88-mediated innate immune signaling and inflammatory cell recruitment to the lung are required for protection from lethal rMA15 infection. We have developed a senescent BABL/c mouse model of SARS-CoV pathogenesis where infection with the mouse adapted SARS-CoV bearing a GD03 S glycoprotein (rMA15 GD03-S) mortality in senescent mice. We vaccinated senescent mice with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP) expressing Urbani-S, GD03-S, SZ16-S, a pool of all three S expressing VRPs or control VRPs in a prime/boost regimen. After rMA15 GD03-S infection, all mice in the VRP HA and SZ16-S groups died while Urbani-S, GD03-S and Pool-S groups demonstrated 11, 29, 33% survival rates, respectively.
Riesz continuity of the Atiyah-Singer Dirac operator under perturbations of the metric
Creators: name: Bandara, Lashi
name: McIntosh, Alan
name: Rosén, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J05, 58J37, 58J30, 35J46, 42B37

description: We prove that the Atiyah-Singer Dirac operator ${\mathrm D}_{\mathrm g}$ in ${\mathrm L}^2$ depends Riesz continuously on ${\mathrm L}^{\infty}$ perturbations of complete metrics ${\mathrm g}$ on a smooth manifold. The Lipschitz bound for the map ${\mathrm g} \to {\mathrm D}_{\mathrm g}(1 + {\mathrm D}_{\mathrm g}^2)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ depends on bounds on Ricci curvature and its first derivatives as well as a lower bound on injectivity radius. Our proof uses harmonic analysis techniques related to Calderón's first commutator and the Kato square root problem. We also show perturbation results for more general functions of general Dirac-type operators on vector bundles.
Webs of stars or how to triangulate free sums of point configurations
Creators: name: Assarf, Benjamin
name: Joswig, Michael
name: Pfeifle, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11, 57Q15, 52B20

description: The triangulations of point configurations which decompose as a free sum are classified in terms of the triangulations of the summands. The methods employ two new kinds of partially ordered sets to be associated with any triangulation of a point set with one point marked, the "web of stars" and the "stabbing poset". Triangulations of smooth Fano polytopes are discussed as a case study.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
Characterization of Nonpoint Source Microbial Contamination in an Urbanizing Watershed Serving as a Municipal Water Supply
Creators: name: Rowny, Jakob
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Inland watersheds in the Southeastern United States are transitioning from agriculture and forested land uses to urban and exurban uses at a rate greater than the national average. This study sampled creeks representing a variety of land use factors in the rapidly urbanizing Jordan Lake watershed. Samples were collected bimonthly under dry-weather conditions and four times during each of three storm events and assessed for traditional microbial indicators of water quality. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations were generally higher in more developed watersheds. FIB concentrations were significantly greater during storm events than during dry-weather conditions, although concentrations demonstrated both intra and inter-storm variability. These results indicate that the magnitude of microbial contamination is influenced by intensity of watershed development, streamflow and antecedent precipitation. Dry-weather FIB loads showed considerable seasonal variation, but the average storm event delivered contaminant loads equivalent to months of dry-weather loading. Analysis of intra-storm loading patterns provided little evidence to support first-flush loading of either FIB. These findings could potentially inform watershed management and public health decisions related to the urbanization of watersheds serving as municipal sources of drinking water.
Kalapodi Legacy Data und die digitale Welt
Creators: name: Greif, Michelle
name: Grigoropoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Forum for Digital Archaeology and Infrastructure
Year: 2023

description: Im Forschungsdatenmanagement steht neben der Archivierung und Dokumentation der Daten auch deren Aufbereitung im Vordergrund. Dafür bietet die iDAI.world einige hilfreiche Tools, wobei sie als Datenbank ein essenzielles Kernelement darstellt. In diesem Artikel wird exemplarisch die Retrodigitalisierung und Rekontextualisierung der Legacy Data von Kalapodi und deren Einbindung in moderne Software erläutert. Hier soll das Potential der digitalen Instrumente sowie der Mehrwert dieser Dokumentationsmethodik präsentiert werden.
description: Forum for Digital Archaeology and Infrastructure, Faszikel 2023
Quantum Entanglement Percolation
Creators: name: Siomau, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication demands efficient distribution of quantum entanglement across a network of connected partners. The search for efficient strategies for the entanglement distribution may be based on percolation theory, which describes evolution of network connectivity with respect to some network parameters. In this framework, the probability to establish perfect entanglement between two remote partners decays exponentially with the distance between them before the percolation transition point, which unambiguously defines percolation properties of any classical network or lattice. Here we introduce quantum networks created with local operations and classical communication, which exhibit non-classical percolation transition points leading to the striking communication advantages over those offered by the corresponding classical networks. We show, in particular, how to establish perfect entanglement between any two nodes in the simplest possible network -- the 1D chain -- using imperfect entangled pairs of qubits.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Evaluation of hysterectomy as both exposure and outcome: Association with epithelial ovarian cancer and prediction of premenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian conservation
Creators: name: Weber, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: Hysterectomy is the most common non-obstetric, surgical procedure among women in the United States. Older studies have generally reported that hysterectomy is inversely associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). One of the goals of this dissertation was to investigate this relationship, focusing on subtypes of EOC. Since a majority of ovarian-conserving hysterectomies occur prior to menopause, we also sought to develop a predictive model for premenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian conservation as a way of identifying traits that may help identify women for clinical monitoring and potentially earlier and less invasive treatment than hysterectomy for their conditions. We estimated study-specific odds ratios by conditional logistic regression for almost 30,000 EOC cases and controls from 15 studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium and pooled them using random-effects models. Hysterectomy was associated with an average relative increase of 19% in the odds for invasive EOC. The average odds ratios were above the null for all subtypes of EOC, except invasive clear cell. Hysterectomies prior to age 40 or 30 years or more in the past were also positively associated with invasive serous EOC. We also fit unconditional logistic regression models including fourteen demographic, behavioral, and reproductive and medical history variables to nearly one thousand premenopausal women with and without hysterectomy enrolled in the Prospective Research on Ovarian Function Study. The predictive model exhibited very good discriminatory power and was well-calibrated. Family history of benign gynecologic conditions did not contribute to the prediction model and in fact, resulted in a net worsening of classification of hysterectomy. Our results, from the largest set of EOC cases and controls to date, do not support the long-held belief that hysterectomy is protective against EOC. Considerable heterogeneity of results, potential biases in previous and/or current studies, and/or a changing association between hysterectomy and EOC may explain our results and should be explored further. Though we were able to predict premenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian conservation with very good discriminatory power, additional model development should be pursued in larger and more diverse populations of premenopausal women as we try to better understand premenopausal women who undergo hysterectomy.
Acts Before Congress: How Interest Groups Influence Oral Health Policy Making in the U.S. Government.
Creators: name: Mosca, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Political planning
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The research problem for this study is the persistent gap in dental insurance coverage in the United States with an estimated 130 million Americans lacking coverage. This failure to ensure comprehensive dental coverage raises questions about the effectiveness of oral health policy groups. On February 4, 2009, President Obama signed into law the Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA) of 2009 (Public Law 111-3) which required states to provide dental coverage for eligible beneficiaries, this contrasts with the inaugural State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) enacted as part of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, which did not include mandatory dental coverage. The research objective is to develop a guide to oral health policy development using the experience of participants in the efforts to develop and eventually pass CHIPRA. This retrospective case study of the CHIPRA legislation used qualitative methods including 28 key informant interviews and document content analysis to determine the strategies used by oral health policy groups to influence policy and political decision-making. Case findings showed agenda setting, information generation by non-membership organizations, policy portfolio development, stakeholder consensus, and strategic communication with key lawmakers were used for effective advocacy to influence federal policy-making. A media report in the Washington Post about a child's death due to dental coverage gaps increased the visibility of the problem in Congress. Opposing views were framed as concerns over cost and federalism (e.g., central government mandates on states). Based on the analysis, oral health policy groups can improve policymaking advocacy by focusing awareness of the problem, building social ties with key Congressional committees, and obtaining a consensus of policy support from those most affected.
Evidence-as-a-service: state recordkeeping in the cloud
Creators: name: Richards, Lorraine L.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: The White House has engaged in recent years in efforts to ensure greater citizen access to government information and greater efficiency and effectiveness in managing that information. The Open Data policy and recent directives requiring that federal agencies create capacity to share scientific data have fallen on the heels of the Federal Government's Cloud First policy, an initiative requiring Federal agencies to consider using cloud computing before making IT investments. Still, much of the information accessed by the public resides in the hands of state and local records creators. Thus, this exploratory study sought to examine how cloud computing actually affects public information recordkeeping stewards. Specifically, it investigated whether recordkeeping stewards' concerns about cloud computing risks are similar to published risks in newly implemented cloud computing environments, it examined their perceptions of how cross-occupational relationships affect their ability to perform recordkeeping responsibilities in the Cloud, and it compared how recordkeeping roles and responsibilities are distributed within their organizations. The distribution was compared to published reports of recordkeeping roles and responsibilities in archives and records management journals published over the past 42 years. The study used an interpretive, constant comparative approach to data collection and an analytical framework from Structuration Theory. Findings were drawn from 29 interviews and their associated transcripts and from 682 published articles from six archives and records management journals dating from 1970 onwards. It was found that the actual work environments reported by interview participants most resembled the recordkeeping environments published by archival continuum theorists. In addition, records managers reported greater worry about status and a lack of clearly demarcated lines of responsibility in their work than did the archivists. Records managers also reported less impact from the new technology as physical artifact than from political and inter-occupational power adjustments that altered their status after the cloud implementations. It was also found that current cloud computing environments exhibit a variety of disincentives for accurate and complete recordkeeping, some of which are primarily due to political changes and others from the distributed nature of information storage in the Cloud.
Fractal symmetries: Ungauging the cubic code
Creators: name: Williamson, Dominic J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauging is a ubiquitous tool in many-body physics. It allows one to construct highly entangled topological phases of matter from relatively simple phases and to relate certain characteristics of the two. Here we develop a gauging procedure for general submanifold symmetries of Pauli Hamiltonians, including symmetries of fractal type. We show a relation between the pre- and post-gauging models and use this to construct short-range entangled phases with fractal-like symmetries, one of which is mapped to the cubic code by the gauging.
description: 9 pages; v2 published version; v3 minor correction
Particlelike wave packets in complex scattering systems
Creators: name: Gérardin, Benoît
name: Laurent, Jérôme
name: Ambichl, Philipp
name: Prada, Claire
name: Rotter, Stefan
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wave packet undergoes a strong spatial and temporal dispersion while propagating through a complex medium. This wave scattering is often seen as a nightmare in wave physics whether it be for focusing, imaging or communication purposes. Controlling wave propagation through complex systems is thus of fundamental interest in many areas, ranging from optics or acoustics to medical imaging or telecommunications. Here, we study the propagation of elastic waves in a cavity and a disordered waveguide by means of laser interferometry. From the direct experimental access to the time-delay matrix of these systems, we demonstrate the existence of particle-like wave packets that remain focused in time and space throughout their complex trajectory. Due to their limited dispersion, their selective excitation will be crucially relevant for all applications involving selective wave focusing and efficient information transfer through complex media.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
On the biregular geometry of the Fulton-MacPherson compactification
Creators: name: Massarenti, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10, 14J50 (Primary), 14D22, 14D23, 14D06 (Secondary)

description: Let $X[n]$ be the Fulton-MacPherson compactification of the configuration space of $n$ ordered points on a smooth projective variety $X$. We prove that if either $n\neq 2$ or $\dim(X)\geq 2$, then the connected component of the identity of $Aut(X[n])$ is isomorphic to the connected component of the identity of $Aut(X)$. When $X = C$ is a curve of genus $g(C)\neq 1$ we classify the dominant morphisms $C[n]\rightarrow C[r]$, and thanks to this we manage to compute the whole automorphism group of $C[n]$, namely $Aut(C[n])\cong S_n\times Aut(C)$ for any $n\neq 2$, while $Aut(C[2])\cong S_2\ltimes (Aut(C)\times Aut(C))$. Furthermore, we extend these results on the automorphisms to the case where $X = C_1\times ... \times C_r$ is a product of curves of genus $g(C_i)\geq 2$. Finally, using the techniques developed to deal with Fulton-MacPherson spaces, we study the automorphism groups of some Kontsevich moduli spaces $\overline{M}_{0,n}(\mathbb{P}^N,d)$.
description: 30 pages
Morphologische, immunphänotypische und elektrophysiologische Eigenschaften deaktivierter muriner Mikroglia in vitro
Creators: name: Schilling, Tom
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Gehirnmakrophage
subject: Ionenkanal
subject: TGF-beta
subject: Kv1.3
subject: brain macrophage
subject: ion channel
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: WW1620

description: Murine Mikrogliakulturen wurden mit Astrozyten-konditioniertem Medium (ACM) in einen deaktivierten Zustand überführt. Dies wurde anhand morphologischer (Grad der Ramifizierung) und immunologischer (Expression von Adhäsionsmolekülen) Parameter verifiziert. Durch den Einsatz von Makrophagen-koloniestimulierenden Faktor (M-CSF), Granulozyten/Makrophagen-koloniestimulierenden Faktor (GM-CSF), transformierenden Wachstumsfaktor beta (TGF-beta) und den gegen sie gerichteten Antikörpern wurde gezeigt, daß alle untersuchten Zytokine in unterschiedlichem Maße an der Deaktivierung der Mikrogliazellen durch ACM beteiligt sind. Außerdem wurde nach Stimulation mit ACM an murinen Mikrogliazellen eine transiente Hochregulation eines Kaliumauswärtsstromes beobachtet Das Auftreten dieses Kalium-stromes nach Inkubation der Mikrogliazellen mit ACM konnte auf die Wirkung von TGF-beta, welches im ACM enthalten ist, zurückgeführt werden. Der durch ACM in deaktivierter Mikroglia induzierte Kaliumkanal entsprach in seinen kinetischen und pharma-kologischen Eigenschaften am ehesten dem klonierten Kanal Kv1.3. Die Kv1.3 Expression durch TGF-beta oder ACM war durch den unspezifischen Proteinkinaseinhibitor H7 unterdrückbar. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Expression des Kv1.3 Kanals nicht, wie bisher angenommen, ein Indikator für aktivierte Mikroglia ist.
description: Murine microglial cultures were deactivated with astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM). The deactivation process was verified measuring morphological (ramification index) and immunological (expression level of adhesion molecules) parameters. By using macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and their corresponding antibodies it was shown, that to a different extent all of these cytokines influence the deactivation process of microglial cells by ACM. ACM treatment of microglial cultures also lead to a transient upregulation of a delayed potassium outward current. This upregulation was due to the impact of TGF-beta contained in ACM. The ACM induced potassium channel resembled in its kinetic and pharmacological properties the cloned Kv1.3 channel. Expression of Kv1.3 in microglial cells by TGF-beta or ACM was inhibited by the unspecific protein kinase inhibitor H7. These results show, that expression of Kv1.3 channels is not a special feature of activated microglia, which has been proposed in recent publications.
Workplace homicide in North Carolina, 1994-2003: a case series and an examination of recommended prevention strategies
Creators: name: Gurka, Kelly Kathleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Although intentional violence is an important cause of occupational fatality, limited research has been conducted examining the epidemiology of workplace homicide. Most of that research has focused on robbery-related violence. Although recommendations for preventing workplace violence exist and many are widely implemented, no studies have systematically assessed whether these strategies reduce the risk of homicide when the perpetrator had a prior relationship with either the workplace or at least one of its employees (prior-relationship homicides). Two studies to address this topic were undertaken. In the first study, a case series of occupational homicides in North Carolina occurring from 1994 through 2003 was assembled. Robbery-related and non-robbery-related events were contrasted and classified using a previously published occupational violence typology. Most North Carolina occupational homicides occurred during robbery of the workplace (63%), and strangers perpetrated over two-thirds (73%) of the robbery-related killings. However, a sizable fraction (37%) of occupational homicides during the study period were not robbery-related. Perpetrators with a prior relationship with the workplace or an employee committed 89% of non-robbery-related homicides. Homicides not related to robbery occurred in a range of industrial sectors (retail: 28%, service: 26%, and manufacturing: 22%), whereas robbery-related homicides occurred overwhelmingly in the retail sector (67%). In the second study, a case-control study examined whether recommended environmental attributes and administrative policies, thought to be protective of robbery-related violence, reduce the odds of prior-relationship homicide. The case-control study suggested that workplaces located in an industrial park, employing minorities, reporting a history of violence, open any night hours, or open 24 hours any day were more likely to experience prior-relationship homicide. Keeping entrances to the workplace locked when employees were present (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.99) and having at least one security device (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.74) appeared to protect against prior-relationship homicide. In summary, non-robbery-related homicides were shown to constitute a meaningful proportion of occupational homicides, and the characteristics of these cases differ significantly from those that are robbery related. Some strategies typically recommended to prevent robberies and subsequent violence may also be effective at preventing prior-relationship homicides.
Detailed spatiotemporal analysis of the tectonic stress regime near the central Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Creators: name: Michailos, K
name: Warren-Smith, E
name: Savage, Martha
name: Townend, John
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology
subject: Geophysics

description: We construct a new data set of 845 focal mechanisms derived from microseismicity recorded between late 2008 and early 2017, to investigate the state of stress near the central Alpine Fault, a major obliquely convergent plate boundary fault. We obtain an average maximum horizontal compressive stress orientation, SHmax, of 121 ± 11°, which is uniform to first-order along the length of the central Southern Alps. We also make use of the local magnitudes of the earthquakes with focal mechanisms to examine the spatial patterns of seismic moment release and obtain a relatively uniform cumulative seismic moment release distribution adjacent to the central Alpine Fault, which appears to be independent of both the perpendicular and parallel distances to the fault. We observe an average angle between SHmax and the Alpine Fault of 66°, which is consistent with previous observations in the northern and southern sections of the Alpine Fault. This result implies that central Alpine Fault is not optimally oriented for reactivation. Detailed temporal investigations using two different approaches did not show any systematic change of the stress parameters with time. We also examine the distribution of the shear to normal stress ratio on the fault and do not observe any significant spatial variation along the Alpine Fault. This lack of variation combined with the high angle between the fault strike and SHmax implies that the fault is unfavourably oriented for slip.